cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
What makes them willing collaborators? The global context of Chinese motion picture co-productions:

Market access is becoming the single most significant factor affecting collaborations between Hollywood feature film producers and their Chinese partners. The current import quota system approves only 34 films each year, which are then distributed by the state-run China Film Group, which also controls the release date for each title. The best way for a foreign filmmaker to manage these uncertainties is to fashion a co-production deal with a mainland counterpart, such as Dalian Wanda Group, which is now nearing completion of a huge studio complex in Qingdao, a project that has been greeted sceptically by industry critics. This essay assesses the ambitious logic behind this project, situating it in the broader context of the globally networked production infrastructure that has emerged over the past 20 years, one that generally favours Hollywood producers at the expense of local partners. It illustrates why the Wanda studio may in fact succeed and why foreign producers are growing ever more willing to colla...
Effects of Ozone on the Various Digital Print Technologies:Photographs and Documents

The harmful effects of ozone on inkjet photographs have been well documented.This project expands on that research by performing ozone tests on a greater variety of digital prints including colour electrophotographic and dye sublima- tion.The sensitivities of these materials are compared to traditionally printed materials(black - and - white electrophotographic, colour photographic and offset lithographic) to determine if the digital prints require special care practices.In general, the digital prints were more sensitive to ozone than traditional prints.Dye inkjet prints were more sensitive to fade than pigment inkjet,though pigment was not immune.The dye sublimation,colour electrophotographic(dry and liquid toner), and traditional print systems were relatively resistant to ozone.Text - based documents were evaluated in addition to photographic images,since little work has been done to determine if the type of object(image or text) has an impact on its sensitivity to ozone.The results showed that documents can be more resistant to ozone than photographs even when created using the same printer and inks.It is recommended that cultural heritage institutions not expose their porous - coated,dye - based inkjet photos to open air for extended periods of time.Other inkjet prints should be monitored for early signs of change.
* Electronic Structure of Low-Dimensionality Systems

We illustrate the use of empirical pseudopotentials to study the electronic structure of low-dimensional structures. We consider two-dimensional systems, such as thin Si films, hetero-structures, and graphene, and one-dimensional structures, such as carbon nanotubes and Si nanowires.
History of the Theory of Bridge Structures

The development of the classical theory of bridge structure is followed from the beginning of the scientific design of trusses, plate girders and arch bridges based on the work done by scientists in France, Germany, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States. New methods of analysis or the modern theories of bridge structures are next explored using the works of Bendixen, Chalishev, Cross, Bleich, and Cornelius. Finally, the new-old matrix approach with computerized design is briefly mentioned.
Ray divergence-based bundle adjustment conditioning for multi-view stereo

An algorithm that shows how ray divergence in multi-view stereo scene reconstruction can be used towards improving bundle adjustment weighting and conditioning is presented. Starting with a set of feature tracks, ray divergence when attempting to compute scene structure for each track is first obtained. Assuming accurate feature matching, ray divergence reveals mainly camera parameter estimation inaccuracies. Due to its smooth variation across neighboring feature tracks, from its histogram a set of weights can be computed that can be used in bundle adjustment to improve its convergence properties. It is proven that this novel weighting scheme results in lower reprojection errors and faster processing times than others such as image feature covariances, making it very suitable in general for applications involving multi-view pose and structure estimation.
Decline and Rise

THIS CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS THE YEARS BETWEEN 1960 AND 1985. The chapter begins with a description of the decades-long decline in many US cities. Then it discusses the work of Jane Jacobs and how she helped spark a renewed interest in urban living and new design ideas that would eventually influence public health advocates. Next, the chapter points out the high point in demand for US suburban living and the problems with suburban development, followed by a section on the beginnings of alternatives to conventional development. Then it covers the elimination of lead from paint, followed by the transition from Modernism to Post-Modernism. This is followed by a discussion of how fears regarding crime and security shaped 1980s design.
CRISPR/Cas9 gene drives in genetically variable and non-randomly mating wild populations

Synthetic gene drives based on CRISPR/Cas9 have the potential to control, alter or suppress populations of crop pests and disease vectors, but it is unclear how they will function in wild populations. Using genetic data from four populations of the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, we show that most populations harbor genetic variants in Cas9 target sites, some of which would render them immune to drive (ITD). We show that even a rare ITD allele can reduce or eliminate the efficacy of CRISPR/Cas9-based synthetic gene. This effect is equivalent to and accentuated by mild inbreeding, which is a characteristic of many disease-vectoring arthropods. We conclude that designing such a drive will require characterization of genetic variability and the mating system within and among targeted populations.
Pressurized Adapter for "Shirt-Sleeves" Transfer and Universal Base Expansion (PASSTUBE)

Proposed is a scalable, six-degree-of-freedom, pressurized docking adapter that can connect multiple volumes while resolving all forces within itself. In a large space outpost pass-through connection is needed between multiple volumes to maintain a continuous pressurized cabin for crew access, translation, and egress. Zero-g docking and berthing of elements can be done using robotic arms, thrusters, and simple docking interface hardware because orthogonal mating is only governed by position, orientation, and momentum, but soft capture / hard docking techniques would not work in a gravity environment because modules cannot be brought in square with each other. Gravity docking is problematic in that any two elements have a gravity vector and it is not practical to provide a perfectly flat surface for them to rest on. Any stretch of natural or graded terrain still has surface fluctuations - maneuvering one element in respect to another would constantly be working against a gravity vector, where uneven surfaces would cause modules to come to rest in odd configurations in respect to each other. Manipulation of heavy elements, such as habitats will be difficult to do with precision -- elements may be placed as close as the mobility system can handle but would still leave the elements not in square with each other. The proposed Pressurized Adapter for "Shirt-Sleeve" Transfer and Universal Base Expansion (PASSTUBE) element will connect non-square and skewed elements while resolving all forces internal to itself.
Reversal learning and experimenter-administered chronic intermittent ethanol exposure in male rats.

Chronic alcohol exposure is associated with impaired decision making skills, cognitive deficits, and poor performance on tasks requiring behavioral flexibility. Although oral routes of alcohol administration are commonly used to examine effects of alcohol on various behaviors in rodents, only a few investigations have used intragastric exposures to evaluate ethanol’s effects on behavioral flexibility in the adult rat. The aim of the current series of experiments was to determine if behavioral flexibility impairments would be demonstrated across a variety of procedural factors, including route of administration [intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), intragastric gavage (i.g.)], ethanol dose (3–5 g/kg), number of daily exposures (once/day, twice/day), duration of exposure (2–6 weeks), or length of abstinence (5–7 days). Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) or vehicle and evaluated for behavioral intoxication, blood ethanol concentrations (BEC), and performance on a reversal learning odor discrimination task. While all rats displayed behavioral intoxication and elevated BECs, CIE i.p. rats had prolonged elevation in BECs and made the most errors during the reversal learning task. Unexpectedly, CIE i.g. exposures failed to produce deficits during reversal learning tasks regardless of ethanol dose, frequency/duration of exposure, or length of abstinence. Behavioral flexibility deficits resulting from CIE i.p. exposures may be due to the severity and chronicity of alcohol intoxication. Elucidating the impact of ethanol on behavioral flexibility is critical for developing a better understanding of the behavioral consequences of chronic alcohol exposure.
Graceful capacity degradation for ultra-large hierarchical memory structures

A design for implementing graceful capacity degradation in large capacity hierarchical memories is presented. Previous research provided a means for testing and repairing blocks of memory. In the presence of an excessive number of faults, blocks may not be fully repairable. When coupled with the test and repair structure, this scheme will allow the memory capacity to degrade gracefully, i.e., the memory will still operate with a lower total capacity. The scheme was implemented and simulated using a 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS process technology. Initial results show relatively small area overhead with a repair time of 2.5 ns best case.
Literary Testimonies of Illness and the Reshaping of Social Memory

(1998). Literary Testimonies of Illness and the Reshaping of Social Memory. a/b: Auto/Biography Studies: Vol. 13, Autobiography & Neuroscience, pp. 71-91.
Abstract 1711: SLC6A15, a novel potential metabolic target for non-small cell lung cancer

Current therapeutic targets for non-small cell lung cancer consist only of signaling pathways targeting VEGF, EGFR or ALK. Recent researches have put focus on understanding cancer metabolism (such as 2-hydroxyglutarate accumulation in gliomas with mutant IDH1) and have opened a new avenue in cancer therapeutics which can complement the current practices. Here we introduce a new potential metabolic target for non-small cell lung cancer, SLC6A15. It is a trans-membrane protein known to facilitate uptake of branched chain amino acids (BCAA) (leucine, isoleucine and valine) and proline into the cells. BCAA was recently reported to increase cellular proliferation by regulating m-TOR in normal cells like beta-pancreatic cells. Here we show that these BCAA are highly enriched in lung tumor cell lines (H1299 & H460) as well as in human lung tumor tissues as a result of overexpression of SLC6A15. We performed a transient knockdown of this transporter using siRNA for SLC6A15 and observed its effect on reduced clonogenicity of the two cancer cell lines by 3.3 and 1.6 fold, respectively. Further, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the cells treated with si(SLC6A15) revealed selective reduction of BCAA levels by 1.3 to 1.5 fold but not in Proline, which can be synthesized in the cells unlike BCAA. These results support the role of these amino acids in tumor cell proliferation. Overexpression of SLC6A15 protein was confirmed by western blot analysis in 8 NSCLC cell lines and is indicative of its tumor specific nature. This finding is also supported by SLC6A15 gene expression data available on TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), where 6 out of 10 patients show high expression of this gene. Therefore, we conclude that SLC6A15 is a new candidate of therapeutic target for NSCLC. Targeted inhibition may open new possibilities to specific reduction of tumor cell proliferation and possibly, increase life expectancy of patients suffering from NSCLC. Citation Format: PALLEVI SRIVASTVA, Hyuntae Yoo. SLC6A15, a novel potential metabolic target for non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1711. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1711
Teaching Building Science with Simulations.

ABSTRACTTeaching building science to community college students can be challenging given both the macro (houses change subject to varying seasons) and the micro (heat transfer, moisture movement) level of the topics taught. Simulations and games can provide a way of learning material that can otherwise be difficult for students to understand. In this paper, we look at a National Science Foundation funded project to develop innovative simulations and games to engage students in their learning process more fully.
Empirical Analysis and Automated Classification of Security Bug Reports

With the ever expanding amount of sensitive data being placed into computer systems, the need for effective cybersecurity is of utmost importance. However, there is a shortage of detailed empirical studies of security vulnerabilities from which cybersecurity metrics and best practices could be determined. This thesis has two main research goals: (1) to explore the distribution and characteristics of security vulnerabilities based on the information provided in bug tracking systems and (2) to develop data analytics approaches for automatic classification of bug reports as security or non-security related. This work is based on using three NASA datasets as case studies. The empirical analysis showed that the majority of software vulnerabilities belong only to a small number of types. Addressing these types of vulnerabilities will consequently lead to cost efficient improvement of software security. Since this analysis requires labeling of each bug report in the bug tracking system, we explored using machine learning to automate the classification of each bug report as a security or non-security related (two-class classification), as well as each security related bug report as specific security type (multiclass classification). In addition to using supervised machine learning algorithms, a novel unsupervised machine learning approach is proposed. An ac- curacy of 92%, recall of 96%, precision of 92%, probability of false alarm of 4%, F-Score of 81% and G-Score of 90% were the best results achieved during two-class classification. Furthermore, an accuracy of 80%, recall of 80%, precision of 94%, and F-score of 85% were the best results achieved during multiclass classification.
Improving Sports Science Access for Parents, Teachers and Youth Coaches

The purpose of this article is to direct the attention of parents, teachers and coaches to a free 15-hour Coursera course designed to improve the knowledge of youth sport stakeholders of the science behind safely and appropriately enhancing the foundational and sport-specific motor performance abilities of young athletes.
Abstract P268: Telephone Counseling to Activate Peripheral Arterial Disease Patients Toward Improved Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

BACKGROUND: Patients with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) have high rates of cardiovascular events but are less likely to achieve ideal low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)...
Fed Cattle Performance in Open Lots and Bedded Confinements

Fed cattle closeouts from the years 2007-2009 were analyzed to measure the difference in performance of cattle fed in open lots compared to cattle fed in bedded confinement buildings. Cattle fed in bedded confinements had better feed conversions and heavier finish weights then cattle fed in open lots. Cattle fed in bedded confinements also tended to have better daily gains then cattle fed in open lots.
Sr2YRu1−uCuuO6: Evidence for SrO-Layer Superconductivity

Sr2YRuO6 doped on its Ru site by Cu superconducts at the below ∼45 K, although its Ru and Cu are magnetically ordered at ∼23 K and ∼86 K, respectively. The SrO layers superconduct. Ba2GdRuO6, when doped with Cu, does not superconduct, because L = 0 Gd is not crystal-field split, and so induces Cooper pair-breaking.
Fitness-for-Duty of Law Enforcement Officers

Law enforcement personnel are often at greater risk of exposure to critical incidents involving serious trauma and public safety events. Psychiatric sequelae of these events can include increased risk for trauma-related symptoms, substance use, and possibly suicide. Fitness-for-duty issues arise both for clinicians treating law enforcement officers and in disability-related assessments pertaining to an officer’s return to work. These include whether the officer is able to perform essential functions of the job, is able to function in a prior role, or in any role within the police department, whether the job would require access to and handling of firearms, and whether any ongoing symptoms could be accommodated with special arrangements in the workplace. In general, fitness-for-duty evaluations for law enforcement officers require expertise in forensic assessments given the complexity of issues and risks involved especially when the inquiry involves access to firearms. This discussion reviews case examples, the basic legal landscape that an officer may face in a fitness-to-work assessment, as well as clinical factors and recommendations related to fitness-for-duty evaluation assessments.
1.4 – Presolar Grains

Primitive meteorites contain tiny grains that condensed in the outflows of late-type stars and in supernova ejecta. These samples of stardust, older than the Sun and thus called presolar grains, were preserved in the meteorites, from which they can be extracted and studied in detail in the laboratory. They provide information on stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis, mixing processes in stars, galactic evolution of the elements, physical properties of stellar atmospheres, and conditions during solar system formation. Types of presolar grains include silicon carbide, graphite, diamond, various oxides (corundum, spinel, hibonite, and others), silicates, and silicon nitride. Although the grains are small (up to a few micrometers in size), a wealth of information can be extracted with microanalytical techniques. Of special importance is the determination of the isotopic compositions of the grain with the NanoSIMS, which indicate the stellar sources of the grains and provide constraints on theoretical models of stellar evolution. The main stellar sources are asymptotic giant branch stars and Type II (core-collapse) supernovae; a few grains also seem to come from novae.
Real-Time Ultrasound

The introduction of gray scale imaging techniques in the early 1970’s (1973–1974) remarkably increased the utility of diagnostic ultrasound (1). The ability to portray the internal structure of solid organs and to participate in first order tissue analysis significantly improved the diagnostic information from sonographic studies (2). Lesions could not only be more accurately detected with greater sensitivity but characterizations with patho-anatomical inferences were made possible.
Using Utility Theory to Evaluate IVR Menu Structure and Reduce Driving Distraction

It has been shown that drivers often exhibit degraded driving performance while concurrently engaging in secondary tasks, such as talking on a mobile phone using navigation systems and other in-vehicle devices. As there seem to be limited solutions at present to hasten or limit these behaviors, this paper outlines how utility theory can be applied to design more efficient and understandable menus. To determine the value of information presented by an interface menu, the frequency of using information in the menu (goals) and the amount of effort it takes to accomplish these goals are quantified for each type of information. This paper outlines a utility analysis that compares the current Minnesota 511 traveler information system and an alternative design intended to improve the user experience and lighten the cognitive load of drivers. The analysis indicated that the proposed changes in design increase value to the user by helping them more efficiently find and identify requested information. Designers can use this technique in order to increase the value of menu information, and in turn help users find and identify requested information more efficiently. It is hoped that more efficient menus will reduce the amount of time and attention that drivers spend using them, allowing for increased attention on the primary task of driving.
Use of the remote access virtual environment network raven for coordinated iva-eva astronaut training and evaluation

This paper presents a unique virtual reality training and assessment tool developed under a NASA grant, “Research in Human Factors Aspects of Enhanced Virtual Environments for Extravehicular Activity EVA Training and Simulation.” The Remote Access Virtual Environment Network RAVEN was created to train and evaluate the verbal, mental, and physical coordination required between the intravehicular IVA astronaut operating the Remote Manipulator System RMS arm and the EVA astronaut standing in foot restraints on the end of the RMS. The RAVEN system currently allows the EVA astronaut to approach the Hubble Space Telescope HST under control of the IVA astronaut and grasp, remove, and replace the Wide Field Planetary Camera drawer from its location in the HST. Two viewpoints, one stereoscopic and one monoscopic, were created all linked by Ethernet, that provided the two trainees with the appropriate training environments.
Learning for deep language understanding

The paper addresses the problem of learning to parse sentences to logical representations of their underlying meaning, by inducing a syntactic-semantic grammar. The approach uses a class of grammars which has been proven to be learnable from representative examples. In this paper, we introduce tractable learning algorithms for learning this class of grammars, comparing them in terms of a-priori knowledge needed by the learner, hypothesis space and algorithm complexity. We present experimental results on learning tense, aspect, modality and negation of verbal constructions.
The Powdery Mildews

Throughout the temperate zones of the world, on many different kinds of plants, there occurs a whitish fungus growth of the powdery mildew fungi (Figs. 26-1,-3,-6). These fungi, which comprise the family Erysiphaceae, are all obligate parasites and all but a few are ectoparasites. Ectoparasites grow on the surface of the host and invade only with haustoria (Fig. 26-2). Even these structures are limited usually to the epidermal cells. Some members of the Erysiphaceae also occur in tropical areas.
The Suburban Church: Modernism and Community in Postwar America

Review of: "The Suburban Church: Modernism and Community in Postwar America", by Gretchen Buggeln.
Effects of Repeated Eyelid Injections with Botulinum Toxin A on Innervation of Treated Muscles in Patients with Blepharospasm.

Purpose: To assess changes in innervation and muscle morphology after repeated botulinum toxin A injections in subjects with benign essential blepharospasm.Methods: Surgical waste specimens were pr...
Retinoic Acid Regulates Endothelial β-catenin Expression and Pericyte Numbers in the Developing Brain Vasculature

The acquisition of brain vascular properties, like tight junctions and pericytes, to form the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucial for a properly functioning central nervous system (CNS). Endothelial WNT signaling is a known driver of brain vascular development and BBB properties, however, it is unclear how endothelial WNT signaling is regulated. We recently showed that mouse embryos with disruptions in endothelial retinoic acid (RA) signaling have ectopic WNT signaling in the brain vasculature. Using immunohistochemistical analysis, we show that increased vascular WNT signaling in RA mutants (Pdgfbicre; dnRAR403-flox and Rdh10 mutants) is associated with elevated expression of the WNT transcriptional effector, β-catenin, in the brain endothelium. In vitro immunocytochemistry and proximity ligation studies in brain endothelial cells reveal that RA, through its receptor RARα, regulates β-catenin expression in brain endothelial cells via transcriptional suppression and phosphorylation events that targets β-catenin for proteasomal degradation, the latter dependent on PKCα. We find that one function of RA in regulating vascular WNT signaling is to modulate the pericyte numbers in the developing brain vasculature. RA-mediated regulation of vascular WNT signaling could be needed to prevent over-recruitment of pericytes that might impair endothelial-pericyte interactions crucial for vascular stability.
Developing a Crash Warning System for the Bike Lane Area at Intersections with Connected Vehicle Technology

A common type of bike lane at intersections is between the through lane and the right lane. With such design, right-turning drivers need to cross the bike lane to merge into the right lane, which c...
Interim analysis of a pilot study: Impact of high-dose, single fraction radiation on immunogenicity of sipuleucel-T in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer patients.

e16538Background: Sipuleucel-T is known to have modest anti-tumor activity in pts with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Synergy of radiotherapy and immunotherapy has been re...
Optimizing the observer experience in an interprofessional home health simulation: a quasi-experimental study.

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to explore the influence of an interprofessional simulation experience on student perceptions of interprofessional collaboration, as well as to expl...
Interleukin-4 Regulates Eomesodermin In CD8+ T Cell Development and Differentiation

Cytokines regulate T cell development and function. Interleukin (IL)-4 is a cytokine classically associated with CD4+ T helper (TH) differentiation, specifically TH2 differentiation. However, IL-4 has recently been shown to drive the development of CD8+ innate-like lymphocytes (ILLs). CD8+ ILLs are non-conventional thymocytes that develop with characteristics typically associated with innate and/or memory immune cells, including surface expression of the activation/memory markers CD44 and CD122, expression of the T-box transcription factor Eomesodermin (Eomes) and the rapid production of interferon (IFN)-γ after ex vivo stimulation. Here we show that IL-4 is sufficient to promote Eomes expression in CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocytes in short-term in vitro culture and direct CD8+ ILL development in fetal thymic organ culture. Using genetic deficiency and pharmacologic inhibitors, we demonstrate that IL-4 up-regulation of Eomes in CD8SP thymocytes requires STAT6 and Akt signaling pathways. Next, we investigated the possibility that in addition to directing the fate of developing thymocytes, IL-4 might impact the function of mature CD8+ cells undergoing activation. We found that that in naive peripheral CD8+ T the combination of IL-4 and low dose T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation is a potent inducer of Eomes. Futhermore, when combined, these stimuli promote the persistence of CD8+ T cells in an adoptive transfer model. Understanding how IL-4 directs CD8+ T cell differentiation may provide a novel way to enhance CD8+ T cell function in adoptive T cell therapies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
The Society for the Philosophic Study of the Contemporary Visual Arts at the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy

Presentation du XX e me Congres Mondial de Philosophie qui s'est tenu en collaboration avec la Societe d'Etude Philosophique des Arts Visuels Contemporains, le 10 aout 1998 a Boston (Massachusetts). Consacre a l'art, a l'histoire de l'art, a l'analyse cinematographique et autres domaines des arts visuels, le colloque a ete l'occasion d'explorer les problematiques esthetiques les plus actuelles, telles que la pensee implicite a l'art, la mimesis des mythes, la filmographie de Milos Forman, la catharsis dans «Trainspotting» de Danny Boyle, la deconstruction de Harry dans «Harry dans tous ses etats» de Woody Allen, l'epistemologie du film noir la representation des Blacks chez Spike Lee, concluant sur les metaphores de la conscience mystique et le langage architectural en dessin assiste par ordinateur
Primary Neurons and Differentiated NSC-34 Cells Are More Susceptible to Arginine-Rich ALS Dipeptide Repeat Protein-Associated Toxicity than Non-Differentiated NSC-34 and CHO Cells

A repeat expansion mutation in the C9orf72 gene is the most common known genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). In this study, using multiple cell-based assay systems, we reveal both increased dipeptide repeat protein (DRP) toxicity in primary neurons and in differentiated neuronal cell lines. Using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy of cells treated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled DRPs, we confirm that poly-glycine-arginine (GR) and poly-proline-arginine (PR) DRPs entered cells more readily than poly-glycine-proline (GP) and poly-proline-alanine (PA) DRPs. Our findings suggest that the toxicity of C9-DRPs may be influenced by properties associated with differentiated and aging motor neurons. Further, our findings provide sensitive cell-based assay systems to test phenotypic rescue ability of potential interventions.
The Cumulative Perioperative Model: Predicting 30-Day Mortality in Abdominal Surgery Cancer Patients.

Objectives: 1) To develop a cumulative perioperative model (CPM) using the hospital clinical course of abdominal surgery cancer patients that predicts 30 and 90-day mortality risk; 2) To compare the predictive ability of this model to ten existing other models. Materials and Methods: We constructed a multivariate logistic regression model of 30 (90)-day mortality, which occurred in 106 (290) of the cases, using 13,877 major abdominal surgical cases performed at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center from January 2007 to March 2014. The model includes race, starting location (home, inpatient ward, intensive care unit or emergency center), Charlson Comorbidity Index, emergency status, ASA-PS classification, procedure, surgical Apgar score, destination after surgery (hospital ward location) and delayed intensive care unit admit within six days. We computed and compared the model mortality prediction ability (C-statistic) as we accumulated features over time. Results: We were able to predict 30 (90)-day mortality with C-statistics from 0.70 (0.71) initially to 0.87 (0.84) within six days postoperatively. Conclusion: We achieved a high level of model discrimination. The CPM enables a continuous cumulative assessment of the patient’s mortality risk, which could then be used as a decision support aid regarding patient care and treatment, potentially resulting in improved outcomes, decreased costs and more informed decisions.
Spatial patterns and trends of summertime low cloudiness for the Pacific Northwest, 1996–2017

Summertime low clouds are common in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), but spatiotemporal patterns have not been characterized. We show the first maps of low cloudiness for the western PNW and North Pacific Ocean using a 22-year satellite-derived record of monthly mean low cloudiness frequency for May through September and supplemented by airport cloud base height observations. Domain-wide cloudiness peaks in midsummer and is strongest over the Pacific. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis identified four distinct PNW spatiotemporal modes: oceanic, terrestrial highlands, coastal, and northern coastal. There is a statistically significant trend over the 22-year record toward reduced low cloudiness in the terrestrial highlands mode, with strongest declines in May and June; however, this decline is not matched in the corresponding airport records. The coastal mode is partly constrained from moving inland by topographic relief and migrates southward in late summer, retaining higher late-season low cloud frequency than the other areas.
Practising Intimate Labour Birth Doulas Respond during COVID-19

Birth doulas provide non-medical intimate support to pregnant people and their families This support starts at the very foundation of life – breath Doulas remind, encourage and accompany people through labour by breathing with them However, the global COVID-19 pandemic has interrupted doulas’ intimate work, and they are forced to navigate new restrictions surrounding birth practices Based on data collected from a qualitative survey of over five-hundred doulas as well as subsequent follow-up interviews with select doulas, we find intimacy at births disrupted and reshaped We suggest that an analysis of doulas provides a unique way to think through the complexities surrounding reproduction precisely due to doulas’ ability to navigate intimate labour between and across boundaries © The Author(s)
Effects of Eccentric Pre-loading on Concentric Vertical Jump Performance in Young Female Athletes

This study examined changes in vertical jump performance with progressively greater eccentric pre-loading in relation to growth and development in young female athletes. Twenty young female athletes ranging from 9 to 17 years old performed the following vertical jumps in random order: static jumps (SJs), counter-movement jumps (CMJs), and drop jumps (DJs) from drop heights of 20, 30, and 40 cm (DJ20, DJ30, and DJ40, respectively). Measurements included peak force (PF), peak rate of force development (RFD), peak power (PP), eccentric impulse (ECC), and concentric impulse (CON). Measurements of growth included age, maturity offset, height, body mass, fat-free mass, and thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA). PF increased from the SJ-DJ20 (P ≤ 0.009), then plateaued from DJ20-DJ40 (P = 1.000). RFD remained the same from SJ-CMJ (P = 1.000), increased from CMJ-DJ20 (P < 0.001), and plateaued from DJ20-DJ40 (P = 0.874). PP increased from the SJ-CMJ (P < 0.001), then plateaued from the CMJ-DJ40 (P ≥ 0.486). CON remained the same across all vertical jumps (P = 1.000), while ECC increased from the SJ-DJ40 (P ≤ 0.038). Jump height (JH) increased from the SJ-CMJ (P < 0.001), decreased from CMJ-DJ20 (P < 0.001), and plateaued from DJ20-DJ40 (P = 1.000). The change in PP from the SJ-CMJ (ΔCMJ-SJ) was related to all measurements of growth except CSA (r = 0.558–0.815). Young females produced greater power during the CMJ than SJ, but equivalent power from the CMJ-DJ40, despite increases in ECC. Additionally, ΔCMJ-SJ was not related to CSA, which suggests other underlying mechanisms affect stretch–shortening cycle utilization in young female athletes.
Cyclicality in non-state violence: theory and evidence

What explains recurrent fluctuations in violence within militant groups? Temporal swings in the number of attacks perpetrated are common, but lack a general explanation. I provide evidence of cycle...
Decoupling the degradation factors of Ni-rich NMC/Li metal batteries using concentrated electrolytes

Abstract Battery degradation results from multiple factors that usually correlate with each other. Electrochemical corrosion of the current collector is one of the main reasons for battery failure, leading to poor internal electrical contact and the dissolution of harmful ions into electrolytes. This phenomenon is especially evident in lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonimidate (LiTFSI)-based electrolytes, although they have many advantages over conventional lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6)-based electrolytes, such as low viscosity, good thermal stability, and stable to water. Recently, highly concentrated electrolytes are found hopeful of inhibiting aluminum's corrosion and boosting new electrolyte development. Here we discuss the solvation structures of liquid electrolytes and decouple the degradation mechanisms of using LiTFSI-based electrolytes in Li(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2/Li metal batteries. The results suggest although concentrated electrolytes inhibit the Al corrosion, the growth of lithium dendrites and the protection of the cathode-electrolyte interphase are not significantly improved. This paper provides a paradigm to evaluate the performance of electrolytes comprehensively.
Nickerson, Dorothy 1900–1985

Dorothy Nickerson (August 5, 1900–April 25, 1985) was an American color scientist and technologist who made important contributions in the fields of color quality control, technical use of colorimetry, the relationship between color stimuli and color perceptions, standardization of light sources, color tolerance specification, and others.
FAIRLEARN:Configurable and Interpretable Algorithmic Fairness

The rapid growth of data in the recent years has led to the development of complex learning algorithms that are often used to make decisions in real world. While the positive impact of the algorithms has been tremendous, there is a need to mitigate any bias arising from either training samples or implicit assumptions made about the data samples. This need becomes critical when algorithms are used in automated decision making systems that can hugely impact people's lives. Many approaches have been proposed to make learning algorithms fair by detecting and mitigating bias in different stages of optimization. However, due to a lack of a universal definition of fairness, these algorithms optimize for a particular interpretation of fairness which makes them limited for real world use. Moreover, an underlying assumption that is common to all algorithms is the apparent equivalence of achieving fairness and removing bias. In other words, there is no user defined criteria that can be incorporated into the optimization procedure for producing a fair algorithm. Motivated by these shortcomings of existing methods, we propose the FAIRLEARN procedure that produces a fair algorithm by incorporating user constraints into the optimization procedure. Furthermore, we make the process interpretable by estimating the most predictive features from data. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach on several real world datasets using different fairness criteria.
Magnet Leads for The First-Cell

The ISABELLE refrigeration system utilizes compressed liquid helium to supply refrigeration to nearly 1100 superconducting bending and focusing magnets. These magnets steer the proton orbits of the accelerator and are arranged into two interlocking rings. The magnet leads used to power, correct, and trim these superconducting magnets make up a substantial portion (25%) of the total heat load that the refrigerator must be capable of supplying. These magnet leads have been designed to minimize the heat input into the refrigeration system. The design and preliminary test results of four different types of leads in use on the ISABELLE prototype, the first-cell, are described.
Peritoneal hypothermia: A method of preserving organs for transplantation—An evaluation*

Summary A technique of inducing hypothermia by perfusion of the peritoncal cavity with cold electrolyte solution is described. In animal experiments the parenchyma of the kidney and liver and the portal blood were consistently cooled to below 25°C. within 20 minutes by this method. Two clinical cases of cadaveric renal transplantation in which peritoneal hypothermia was employed are reported. Despite ischemia times of 142 and 192 minutes, both transplants functioned promptly and postoperative dialysis was not necessary. Previous experience in preserving human postmortem renal allografts is reviewed and the theoretical requirements for avoiding ischemic injury under hypothermic conditions are discussed.
Europe in the Twentieth Century

For Europe, the twentieth century was one of unthinkable and even cataclysmic destruction, though also one of astonishing renewal. This class will survey the continent’s history over this ‘age of extremes’, moving broadly from the apogee of European global power at the turn of the century to its decline in the trauma of two world wars and decolonization, through the Cold War and post-1945 recovery and the challenges and possibilities that have arisen for Europe in the aftermath of 1989 and the fall of the Berlin Wall. Specific topics will include imperialism, total war and genocide; the crisis of liberalism and the rise of radical left and right politics; artistic modernism and visual culture; consumer society and modernization in everyday life; movements of protest and liberation; post-colonial dilemmas of immigration and assimilation; and the ongoing process of European integration. This course aims at fostering an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the past, and so it will in particular incorporate critical consideration of visual evidence and memoir into class discussion and assignments.
A Sympathetic Reading of Emerson's Politics

In this paper I want to argue for something which I think is obvious and something not as obvious. I think it is fairly obvious that Ralph Waldo Emerson is a skeptic about many kinds of relationships and knowledge. Given these skepticisms it is not obvious how he might endorse any kind of political vision. I argue for an interpretation of ‘Emersonian politics,’ or more precisely ‘Emersonian political agents,’ in which agents enter into community by means of a weak sympathy which motivates inter-subjective responsibility. The possibility for inter-subjectivity emerges when another’s need motivates a weak sympathetic response in the subject, generating duty. Though this is insufficient for a robust conception of politics with well constructed institutions, it is contributive. The first part of this papers outlines the difficulty of constructing an Emersonian politics by arguing that his epistemic skepticism undermines reading Emerson as a liberal democrat. I argue that Emerson is heavily critical of both the values and institutions of American politics. Despite this deep skepticism, I argue in the second section of the paper that Emerson believes that sympathy is a mechanism by which actors can forge inter-subjective bonds and possibly community. Though Emerson’s text does not admit to an easy analytic account, I believe this is the best approximation of coherent Emersonian inter-subjectivity. The third section draws upon Martha Nussbaum’s “Equality of Love at the End of The Marriage of Figaro: Forging Democratic Emotions” to strengthen my claims regarding the value of Emerson’s agent based approach to politics. Finally, I offer a brief biographical sketch of J.D. Salinger to serve as an existence proof, of sorts, of Emersonian political agents. The purpose of this paper is not to argue that every polity must conform to Emersonian values, but rather that such political theorizing is possible and worthwhile.
Law, Ethics, and The Leveraged Buyout

The article discusses the phenomenon where company executives borrow money using the company’s assets as securities to repurchase the firm’s share from its public stockholders. The article explores conflict of interest concerns that arise here and discusses how they may be resolved.
Inter-Agent Communication in Cooperative Information Agent-Based Systems

This paper describes several different approaches for information agents to communicate and cooperate with each other in agent-based systems. The paper describes different communication patterns for interagent cooperation. In particular, three patterns of inter-agent communication are described in more detail, brokered communication, subscription/notification communication, and negotiated communication. In each case, the pattern is described and examples of its use are given. The cooperative interagent interactions are described in the Unified Modeling Language (UML) notation. Agent-based systems can be designed using these different patterns of interagent communication. Examples are given from electronic commerce, real-time monitoring, and travel reservation systems.
Somatic Reversion of Chromosomal Position Effects in Drosophila melanogaster

A transgene was inserted at several different chromosomal sites in Drosophila melanogaster, where its expression was subject to genomic position effects. Quantitative position effects and variegated and constant patterned position effects were observed. We investigated the status of the affected gene in the somatic cells where it normally functions. The FLP site-specific recombinase was used to remove the gene from the chromosome and its expression was then evaluated. We show that the FLP recombinase functions in cells that have finished their developmental program of mitoses. When FLP acts on directly repeated copies of its target site (FRT), the DNA flanked by those FRTs is excised from the chromosome as a closed circle. The extrachromosomal circle is maintained in nondividing cells, and a gene located on such a circle can be expressed. We then demonstrate that a gene subject to either variegated or constant position effect can be relieved of that effect by excision of the gene from the chromosome in cells where it would otherwise be inactive. We also observed a strong inhibition of FLP-mediated recombination for target sites located near centric heterochromatin.
Evaluation of DMA Size Selection of Dry Dispersed Mineral Dust Particles

Mineral dust particles play a significant role in the Earth's radiative balance via direct interaction with solar radiation and indirectly through their ability to initiate cloud formation. Many field and laboratory studies utilize a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) for particle size selection. Here we evaluate the use of a DMA to size-segregate dry dispersed mineral dust particles. We examine the post-DMA size distribution using four different techniques: a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) for mobility sizing, an optical particle sizer (OPS) for optical sizing, the Particle Analysis by Laser Mass Spectrometry (PALMS) instrument for vacuum aerodynamic sizing, and electron microscopy (EM) for geometric sizing. While the SMPS measured a narrow mobility size distribution at the DMA-selected diameter, the OPS, PALMS, and EM in most cases showed broader distributions and a smaller mode size than that selected by the DMA. These techniques also observed super-micrometer particles, often extending beyo...
Sugar analysis of fruit juices content and method

The sugar contents of 186 samples of 11 different juices from a nation-wide sampling were determined by the use of a total sugar analyzer (TSA), a gas-liquid chromatograph (GLC) or both. Values for total sugar ranged from 15% in some lemonades on a ready-to-serve basis. Agreement between the two methods was satisfactory.