cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Atomistic study of soft-mode dynamics in PbTiO 3

Ferroelectric PbTiO${}_{3}$ occupies a special place among ferroelectric materials owing to its unique status as a prototype displacive ferroelectric. However, while PbTiO${}_{3}$ undoubtedly provides one of the best examples of displacive phase transitions, several experimental and theoretical findings seem to suggest a certain degree of order-disorder mechanism associated with the phase transition. While multiple efforts have been undertaken to better understand the nature of the phase transition in this classic ferroelectric, the subject still remains controversial. Here we develop a force field from first principles to study soft mode dynamics in PbTiO${}_{3}$ from an atomistic viewpoint. Our computations indicate the presence of order-disorder mechanism in the vicinity of the phase transition in this classic displacive ferroelectric.
Infantile Neuropathy with Diaphragmatic Palsy

A group of 13 patients with early onset diaphragmatic palsy in association with a progressive neuropathy is presented from Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.
Trivalent influenza vaccine adverse symptoms analysis based on MedDRA terminology using VAERS data in 2011

Trivalent Influenza Virus Vaccine (FLU3) is a traditional flu vaccine to protect people against three different flu viruses, including influenza A H1N1 virus, an influenza A H3N2 virus and one B virus. We searched Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) for US reports after FLU3 vaccination in the year of 2011. We conducted descriptive analyses on symptoms from serious reports (i.e., death, life-threatening illness, hospitalization, prolonged hospitalization, or permanent disability). We then further grouped these symptoms to the System Organ Classes (SOC) based on the MedDRA Terminology using NCBO Web Services. We fitted zero-truncated Poisson regression models to estimate the average number of symptoms per subject and compared it across different age groups and between genders. In addition, we compared the risk of occurrence for an SOC across different age groups and between genders by using logistic regression models. Finally, we constructed the pairwise correlation matrix of the SOCs by calculating Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. We identified 638 unique serious FLU3 reports from year 2011. There are 1410 unique symptoms from these reports. Descriptive statistics shows that the most common symptom and symptom pair are Pyrexia and Guillain-Barre syndrome – Hypoesthesia respectively. The estimated average number of symptoms per subject in the study cohort is 8.74 (95 % CI 6.76, 10.73). There are statistically significant differences in number of symptoms among four age groups and between genders. Age category and gender are significantly associated with several individual SOCs. Pairwise correlation matrix shows that “Endocrine disorders” and “Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)” are strongly correlated. This paper reports a novel method that combining statistical analyses with terminology grouping using VAERS data. The analyses revealed differences of reactions among different age groups and between genders and correlation on both symptoms and System Organ Class level independently. The results may lead to additional studies to uncover factors contributing to the individual differences in susceptibility to influenza infection. This method can also be applied to other vaccine types and conduct similar analysis.
Expediting care for children: advanced practice nurses as short stay hospitalists.

Advanced practice nurses (APNs) diagnose and treat acute conditions in children that produce outcomes of efficient, cost effective, timely, and satisfying healthcare to children, families and referring providers. Expediting care for children with acute illnesses in hospital settings by applying the
Orientation Disruption of Male Diamondback Moths (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to Traps Baited with Synthetic Chemicals or Female Moths in Small Field Plots

Only two components of the four-component sex lure (Z11-16:aldehyde, Z11-16:acetate, Z11-16:alcohol, and Z9-14:alcohol)for Plutella xylostella were effective in disrupting orientation of male moths to baited traps in small field plots. Both Z11-16:aldehyde and Z11-16:acetate effected disruption but were more effective when combined. The lure components Z11-16:alcohol and Z9-14:alcohol together gave no significant reduction in number of P. xylostella captured when tested alone; nor was the disruptive power of Z11-16: acetate or Z11-16:aldehyde + Z11-16:acetate increased when the two alcohols were added.
Implementation of the Affordable Care Act and Rural Health Clinic Capacity in Iowa

Objective: To evaluate the capacity of rural health clinics (RHCs) in Iowa as the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is implemented. Methods: We developed and fielded an online survey among the 142 RHCs in ...
Explaining divorce: An examination of the relationship between marital characteristics and divorce.

Divorce literature has focused on demographic correlates and offered little information on how the dynamics of the marriage con tribute to marital dissolution. Using waves I and II of the National Sur vey of Families and Households (NSFH) this study identifies several marital characteristics associated with divorce, and differential results by gender. For example, time spent together is a significant predictor for women, but not for men whereas having an unsociable marriage is sig nificant for men, but not for women. While the results contribute to the literature on correlates, attention is drawn to the low levels of explained variance of the models and theoretical and methodological explanations are offered for why we have not done a good job of explaining divorce.
Mechanical Polishing to Submicron Thickness for Extensive Thin Area in Heterogeneous Samples

Ion-milling-based sample preparation has the advantage that thin area can be obtained from almost any material. It has the disadvantage, however, that the amount of thin area can often be quite limited. This poses a problem when a large sampling area is needed from materials which must be thinned by ion milling. Cross-sectioned samples and grossly heterogeneous materials are two examples where this problem may be encountered. p]The group at IBM in East Fishkill have developed methods for mechanical grinding and polishing of TEM samples down to about I micron thickness. They use this as a starting point for final thinning by ion milling. This approach produces a large uniform thin area in a short time in the ion mill. We have built jigs that allow us to make these mechanically-thinned samples. We have also made flat-bottomed dimples using ultra-precision dimple grinders to achieve similar results. p]Both of these approaches are described. Examples are taken from cross-section samples of thin films on silicon, from steels with large carbides, and from rapidly solidified metal spheres embedded in electroplated copper.
Sex Trafficking and the State: Applying Domestic Abuse Interventions to Serve Victims of Sex Trafficking

Advocacy and scholarship addressing sex trafficking as a human rights issue has become a transnational effort, but there has been less attention to sub-national efficacy. Through analyzing progressive justice system responses to domestic violence in Duluth, Minnesota that have been adopted worldwide, this paper demonstrates how to effectively apply these local advances in order to address sex trafficking on a global scale. This paper makes a theoretical contribution to understanding the intersections between domestic abuse and sex trafficking. A key empirical finding is that a coordinated community response (including the justice system and women’s organizations) is crucial for advancing domestic abuse training, monitoring, and legislation—and this coordination can also be productively utilized for improving responsiveness to victims of sex trafficking across a diverse range of socio-legal and economic contexts.
Infection of cardiac suture line after ventricular aneurysmectomy: Report of two cases

Two cases of sepsis following ventricular aneurysmectomy are presented. In both, the source of sepsis was an infected cardiac suture line in which Teflon felt strips were used to reinforce the closure. One patient had a pseudoaneurysm and a chronic empyema of the left side of the chest, and the second had a ventriculocutaneous fistula. Early operation with removal of the foreign body is warranted in this major complication of a ventricular aneurysmectomy.
The role of experience in adolescent cognitive development: Integration of executive, memory, and mesolimbic systems.

Abstract Adolescence marks a time of unique neurocognitive development, in which executive functions reach adult levels of maturation. While many core facets of executive function may reach maturation in childhood, these processes continue to be refined and stabilized during adolescence. We propose that this is mediated, in part, by interactions between the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Specifically, we propose that development of this circuit refines adolescents’ ability to extract relevant information from prior experience to support task-relevant behavior. In support of this model, we review evidence for protracted structural and functional development both within and across the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. We describe emerging research demonstrating the refinement of adolescents’ ability to integrate prior experiences to support goal-oriented behavior, which parallel hippocampal-prefrontal integration. Finally, we speculate that the development of this circuit is mediated by increases in dopaminergic neuromodulation present in adolescence, which may underlie memory processing, plasticity, and circuit integration. This model provides a novel characterization of how memory and executive systems integrate throughout adolescence to support adaptive behavior.
Enthesophytosis and Impingement of the Dorsal Spinous Processes in the Equine Thoracolumbar Spine

Abstract Impingement of the dorsal spinous processes (DSPs) is a common cause of pain and poor performance in sport horses, but there is limited information regarding regional differences in the prevalence and severity of DSP osseous lesions in the equine thoracolumbar spine. It was hypothesized that lesion severity would increase with horse age and height, and that severe lesions would be more prevalent in the mid-caudal thoracic region. The thoracolumbar spines of 33 horses were removed postmortem, disarticulated, and boiled out. The thoracic and lumbar DSPs were examined for the presence of proliferative or lytic osseous lesions of the DSPs. Age and height of the horses were recorded, and severity of pathologic changes at each vertebral level was scored using an ordinal grading system (grades 0–3) and a continuous visual analog scale (VAS). Osseous lesions of the DSPs were present at every vertebral level from C7–T1 to L6–S1, and 70% of horses had at least one lesion of severity grade 2 or higher. Grade 3 lesions were found in the cranial thoracic (T2–T4), mid-thoracic to cranial lumbar (T11–L1) and mid-lumbar (L4–L5) segments. Analysis of VAS data using analysis of variance indicated that increasing age and height were associated with more severe osseous lesions ( P
Health Policy Review

Since the 1980s, empirical analyses of the system of medical malpractice have revealed that it largely fails to provide reasonable compensation for injured individuals, or to provide appropriate incentive for safety and prevention. The most promising approaches for reform involve fundamental system changes rather than tinkering with tort doctrine.
Rethinking the Role of “Culture” in Educational Equity: From Cultural Competence to Equity Literacy

Abstract“Culture” has tended to play a central role in the nomenclature and operationalization of popular frameworks for attending to matters of diversity in education. These frameworks include multicultural education, culturally responsive pedagogy, culturally relevant teaching, cultural proficiency, and cultural competence. In this article, I argue that too tight a focus on “culture,” the meaning of which remains intensely contested, stunts the possibility of real progress toward educational justice. As I will show, although some culture-centric frameworks are grounded in commitments to educational equity, they often are implemented in ways that essentialize marginalized students and mask the forms of structural injustice that feed educational outcome disparities. I argue for a new commitment to centering equity rather than culture in conversations and practices related to educational justice—recommending the equity literacy framework as one way to enact that commitment.
Mount Rainier and Indian Economies of Place, 1850–1925

T JL he mountain called Rainier is the tallest peak in Washington's northern Cascade range, forty miles southeast from the city of Tacoma, and at the intersection of Nisqually, Yakama, Puyallup, Muckleshoot, and Upper Cowlitz (Taidnapam) ancestral lands. On a clear day the mountain can be seen from a hundred miles in every direction rising dramatically above nearby hills and prairies. Endowed with significance beyond its physical fact, the mountain has been and continues to be an element crucial to northwesterners* sense of place. The mountain's meaning goes beyond aesthetics and sentiment, however. Indians and whites negotiated the meaning of Mount Rainier in both material and non-material ways, creating an economy of place in the process. The mountain itself has served as a marketplace in which the rules of exchange were worked out and place gained value; that American economic rules came to dominate should not obscure the negotiations and alternative economic possibilities that Rainier represents. Most published narratives about Mount Rainier detail one of three major facets of human engagement with the iconic place: exploration and early mountaineering (1850-1890), the creation of Mount Rainier National Park (1899), and the lengthy debate over the official name (1890-1925). This article will revisit these three familiar episodes but tie them together as related moments in an evolving economic negotiation of Rainier as a western place. Throughout the period from 1850-1925, non-Indians sought out Native peoples for information about the mountain and Indians responded by situating the mountain within their social world. Native people did not think of economic life as distinct from other aspects of life, and their responses to white settlers' inquiries reveal largely unrecognized (to their white audiences) facets of Native political economies. White people at the time, and later historians, interpreted Indians'
204. HER2-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for the Treatment of Breast-to-Brain Metastasis

Adoptive transfer of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells has demonstrated robust and durable clinical efficacy in patients with CD19+ B-cell malignancies. Broader application of this approach to brain and other advanced solid tumors is an immediate goal for the field and is presently under intense investigation. In 2014, 40,000 individuals in the U. S. alone succumbed to breast cancer, primarily as a result of metastatic disease. Approximately 30 percent of breast cancer patients carry an amplification of the HER2 gene and/or HER2 over-expression, which confers a particularly poor prognosis. Among the most common sites of HER2-positive breast cancer metastases is the brain. For patients with breast cancer that has metastasized to the brain, the 1-year survival rate is a dismal 20 percent. Despite clinical successes in both preventing relapse and treating systemic disease with HER2-targeted therapies, the currently available agents are only modestly effective in managing brain metastasis. Our group has demonstrated safety and transient anti-tumor responses in two U. S. FDA-authorized phase I clinical trials evaluating local intracranial adoptive transfer of CAR T cells in glioma patients.Our current project builds on this clinical experience with locally administered CAR T cells that specifically target HER2 for the treatment of breast-to-brain metastasis. Our lab has initiated design and testing of CAR T cell therapy targeting HER2 based on an scFv derived from trastuzumab. We anticipate that local intracranial delivery will enhance therapeutic response, while reducing the likelihood of off-tumor systemic toxicities as previously observed. Importantly, HER2 expression in normal brain tissue is limited, supporting HER2 as a therapeutic target in brain metastasis. Our innovative CAR T cell platform focuses on engineering central memory T cells (Tcm) for therapeutic application, with the intent of improving persistence of T cells after infusion, a critical parameter correlated with ultimate therapeutic success. Herein, we have evaluated several HER2-CAR constructs incorporating either the CD28 or 4-1BB co-stimulatory domain using both in vitro T cell functional assays as well as orthotopic patient-derived xenograft models of breast-to-brain metastasis. While HER2-28ζ and HER2-BBζ CAR T cells similarly kill HER2+ breast cancer cells in vitro, BBζ CARs demonstrate lower induction of the exhaustion marker PD-1 and proliferate better compare with 28ζ CARs. Both HER2-CARs similarly lead to tumor eradication and prolonged survival. Based on these data, we have successfully developed HER2-specific CAR T cells, and plan to clinically develop these CARs for the treatment of HER2+ metastatic disease.
Precipitation from mixed solvents—II1: Nickel 8-hydroxyquinolate

Abstract Preferential volatilisation of the organic components of a water-acetone-ethanol mixture has been shown to lead to the formation of large, dense, easily-filtered crystals of nickel 8-hydroxyquinolate. Specific directions are given for the analysis of solutions containing 3–30 mg of nickel. The separation of 30 mg of nickel from 540 mg of magnesium or 1400 mg of calcium can be accomplished with less than 1 mg of co-precipitation.
Examining the Differential Effects of a Universal SEL Curriculum on Student Functioning Through the Dual Continua Model of Mental Health

Social-emotional learning (SEL) curricula, such as Second Step, are increasingly being adopted and implemented as universal supports in schools in order to prevent social-emotional and behavioral problems and promote wellbeing and success. Notwithstanding the empirical support for SEL as a universal prevention strategy, a closer look at the literature indicates that students display differential responses to SEL based on their behavioral functioning at baseline; those students with the highest need benefit the most from SEL. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a widely-adopted SEL program produces significant effects for different theoretically-constructed groups of students who are representative of the full spectrum of students in a school. Using data from a large-scale randomized controlled trial evaluating Second Step, analyses examined the extent to which group membership according to the dual continua model of mental health differentially changed based on whether the student was in the intervention or control condition. Overall, results evidenced significant effects favoring the intervention condition across groups in line with our general hypotheses, although both conditions experienced transitions in membership. As expected, those in the intervention condition experienced greater transition between groups, which was indicative of either treatment or prevention effects. Implications, limitations, and future directions of the findings for SEL programming in schools are discussed.
Implementation of Medical Homes in Federally Qualified Health Centers

BackgroundFrom 2011 through 2014, the Federally Qualified Health Center Advanced Primary Care Practice Demonstration provided care management fees and technical assistance to a nationwide sample of 503 federally qualified health centers to help them achieve the highest (level 3) medical-home recognition by the National Committee for Quality Assurance, a designation that requires the implementation of processes to improve access, continuity, and coordination. MethodsWe examined the achievement of medical-home recognition and used Medicare claims and beneficiary surveys to measure utilization of services, quality of care, patients’ experiences, and Medicare expenditures in demonstration sites versus comparison sites. Using difference-in-differences analyses, we compared changes in outcomes in the two groups of sites during a 3-year period. ResultsLevel 3 medical-home recognition was awarded to 70% of demonstration sites and to 11% of comparison sites. Although the number of visits to federally qualified hea...
Optimal Collision-Free Robot Trajectory Generation Based on Time Series Prediction of Human Motion

In this letter, we propose that the joint motion of a human worker doing repetitive work could be predicted using a time series model. With a motion capture system, the elbow joint rotation data are collected and used to fit an autoregressive model. An online parameter adaptation algorithm is employed to update model parameters in real time. A safety index with a distance factor is defined to describe the level of safety during physical human–robot interaction. An optimization problem is formulated to generate a collision-free trajectory for the manipulator based on human motion prediction to make the generated trajectory smoother. Planar and three-dimensional simulations are conducted to validate the efficacy of the algorithm by comparing the trajectories with and without real-time human motion prediction. Experiments are conducted on a 6-DOF manipulator Universal Robots UR5 with a Microsoft Kinect sensor (ver. 1). The optimization problem can be solved within the sampling time of the system, which suggests this algorithm can be applied in real-time trajectory generation. The trajectories generated with different control horizons are compared, and the results show that the manipulator can achieve the goal faster via a smoother trajectory with the help of human motion prediction.
Radioactive Wastes. Their Treatment and Disposal

(1962). Radioactive Wastes. Their Treatment and Disposal. Nuclear Science and Engineering: Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 551-551.
Energy-Dependent Effects in Low Energy Ion Scattering from TiO2, Ti, and H2O Ice

Low energy He+ ion scattering (LEIS) studies have been performed on TiO2(110), polycrystalline Ti, and Ti with oxide and water overlayers. It is found that the energy dependence of the O/Ti LEIS intensity ratio for TiO2 is due to ion neutralization and/or reionization and is not the result of shadowing effects. The studies of water covered surfaces indicate attenuation of LEIS intensities due to the presence of hydrogen atoms.
Evidence-based framework for real-time life-cycle management of fatigue-critical details of structures

Ship structures are subjected to repetitive wave loads that can lead to fatigue damage. Accumulation of fatigue damage may eventually result in structural failure. In order to mitigate fatigue haza...
Cautious Deep Learning

Most classifiers operate by selecting the maximum of an estimate of the conditional distribution $p(y|x)$ where $x$ stands for the features of the instance to be classified and $y$ denotes its label. This often results in a {\em hubristic bias}: overconfidence in the assignment of a definite label. Usually, the observations are concentrated on a small volume but the classifier provides definite predictions for the entire space. We propose constructing conformal prediction sets which contain a set of labels rather than a single label. These conformal prediction sets contain the true label with probability $1-\alpha$. Our construction is based on $p(x|y)$ rather than $p(y|x)$ which results in a classifier that is very cautious: it outputs the null set --- meaning "I don't know" --- when the object does not resemble the training examples. An important property of our approach is that adversarial attacks are likely to be predicted as the null set or would also include the true label. We demonstrate the performance on the ImageNet ILSVRC dataset and the CelebA and IMDB-Wiki facial datasets using high dimensional features obtained from state of the art convolutional neural networks.
College Students' Evaluations and Reasoning About Exclusion of Students with Autism and Learning Disability: Context and Goals may Matter More than Contact.

This study used mixed-effects logistic regression to examine undergraduates’ (N = 142) evaluations and reasoning about scenarios involving disability-based exclusion. Scenarios varied by disability [autism spectrum disorder (ASD) versus learning disability (LD)], the context of exclusion (classroom versus social), and whether or not a grade was at stake. Participants were more likely to determine exclusion was acceptable if the excluded student had an ASD diagnosis, there was a grade at stake, and it occurred in a classroom. Exclusion was less likely to be considered acceptable in the “no grade” compared to the “grade” conditions for LD students, but remained high in both conditions for autistic students. This study also describes contextual variations in participants’ justifications for their evaluations.
Abstract TP412: Blood Pressure at Presentation of Acute Ischemic Stroke

Introduction: Blood pressure on presentation and control of blood pressure are known to have associations with functional outcome and stroke severity. The investigators in this study looked to see ...
Exploring Real-Time Collaboration in Crowd-Powered Systems Through a UI Design Tool

Real-time collaboration between a requester and crowd workers expands the scope of tasks that crowdsourcing can be used for by letting requesters and crowd workers interactively create various artifacts (e.g., a sketch prototype, writing, or program code). In such systems, it is increasingly common to allow requesters to verbally describe their requests, receive responses from workers, and provide immediate and continuous feedback to enhance the overall outcome of the two groups' real-time collaboration. This work is motivated by the lack of a deep understanding of the challenges that end users of such systems face in their communication with workers and the need of design implications that can address such challenges for other similar systems. In this paper, we investigate how requesters verbally communicate and collaborate with crowd workers to solve a complex task. Using a crowd-powered UI design tool, we conducted a qualitative user study to explore how requesters with varying expertise communicate and collaborate with crowd workers. Our work also identifies the unique challenges that collaborative crowdsourcing systems pose: potential expertise differences between requesters and crowd workers, the asymmetry of two-way communication (e.g., speech versus text), and the shared artifact's concurrent modification by two disparate groups. Finally, we make design recommendations that can inform the design of future real-time collaboration processes in crowdsourcing systems.
The damage mitigation process for Si nanopillar structure using silica nanosphere lithography and metal assisted chemical etching

This work focuses on mitigating the damage from nanostructure fabrication using silica nanosphere lithography (SNL) and metal assisted chemical etching (MACE). Metal contamination and plasma damage are the two main factors to limit the Si wafer's minority carrier lifetime. Ni/Au and Ti/Au metal layers on bare Si wafer are compared using lifetime recovery test. Ti/Au shows to be more suitable for the MACE process. Samples deposited with Ni/Au and Ti/Au show lifetimes of $7 \mu \mathrm{s}$ and $1200 \mu \mathrm{s}$, respectively. The silicon surfaceis degraded significantly by the RIE plasma during the nanosphere etching process. SiO2 protective layer was added to the process, mitigating significantly the plasma damage on the siliconsurface. Lifetime measurements shows an improvement over 1 ms when SiO2 protective layer on planar Si wafer is used. Lifetimes of $353 \mu \mathrm{s}$ and implied open circuit voltages of 651mV were accomplished on nanopillar structured wafers using SiOx protective layer and Ti/Au.
Physiological insights into largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) survival during long-term exposure to high environmental ammonia.

Abstract Waterborne ammonia is an environmental pollutant that is toxic to all aquatic animals. However, ammonia induced toxicity as well as compensatory mechanisms to defend against high environmental ammonia (HEA) are not well documented at present for largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), a high value fish for culture and sport fisheries in the United States. To provide primary information on the sensitivity of this species to ammonia toxicity, a 96 h-LC50 test was conducted. Thereafter, responses at physiological, ion-regulatory and transcript levels were determined to get insights into the underlying adaptive strategies to ammonia toxicity. For this purpose, fish were progressively exposed to HEA (8.31 mg/L representing 25% of 96 h-LC50) for 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Temporal effects of HEA on oxygen consumption rate (MO2), ammonia and urea dynamics, plasma ions (Na+, Cl− and K+), branchial Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) and H+-ATPase activity, muscle water content (MWC), energy store (glycogen, lipid and protein) as well as branchial mRNA expression of Rhesus (Rh) glycoproteins were assessed. Probit analysis showed that 96 h-LC50 of (total) ammonia (as NH4HCO3) at 25 °C and pH 7.8 was 33.24 mg/L. Results from sub-lethal end-points shows that ammonia excretion rate (Jamm) was strongly inhibited after 7 days of HEA, but was unaffected at 3, 14 and 21 days. At 28 days fish were able to increase Jamm efficiently and concurrently, plasma ammonia re-established to the basal level. Urea production was increased as evidenced by a considerable elevation of plasma urea, but urea excretion rate remained unaltered. Expression of Rhcg isoform (Rhcg2) mRNA was up-regulated in parallel with restored or increased Jamm, suggesting its ammonia excreting role in largemouth bass. Exposure to HEA also displayed pronounced augmentations in NKA activity, exemplified by a rise in plasma [Na+]. Furthermore, [K+], [Cl−] and MWC homeostasis were disrupted followed by recovery to the control levels. H+-ATPase activity was elevated but NKA did not appear to function preferentially as a Na+/NH4+-ATPase. From 14 days onwards MO2 was depressed, potentially an attempt towards minimizing catabolism. Glycogen content in liver and muscle were temporarily depleted, whereas a remarkable increment in protein was evident at the last exposure period. Overall, these data suggest that ammonia induced toxicity can disturb several biological processes in largemouth bass, however, it can adapt to the long-term sub-lethal ammonia concentrations by activating various components of ammonia excretory, ion-regulatory and metabolic pathways.
Contrasting effects of microtubule destabilizers versus stabilizers on induction of death in G1 phase of the cell cycle.

Abstract Microtubule targeting agents (MTAs) have been reported to manifest their cytotoxic effects not only in mitosis but also in interphase. However, the relationship between phase-specific susceptibility and MTA concentration, especially with respect to microtubule integrity, remains poorly defined. In addition, whether microtubule stabilizers and destabilizers act similarly or differ in the ability to induce interphase death is unclear. In order to resolve these uncertainties, we report here the results of a systematic comparison of primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and HeLa cells treated with three different MTAs, namely the microtubule stabilizer paclitaxel and two microtubule destabilizers, vincristine, and eribulin. Both types of cells were sensitive to each MTA, with IC50 values in the sub-nanomolar to low nanomolar range. Primary ALL cells arrested in mitosis when treated with paclitaxel at all tested concentrations, whereas the effects of vincristine or eribulin were concentration-dependent; low ( 100 nM) induced death directly in G1 phase. G1 phase death in response to higher concentrations of the destabilizers was associated with complete loss of interphase microtubule structure. In contrast, HeLa cells were only susceptible in M phase regardless of drug type or concentration. These results represent an important advance in our understanding and appreciation of microtubule function, and indicate that susceptibility to MTAs in G1 phase is both cell type- and drug type-restricted. The findings have important implications for the clinical use of MTAs especially in the context of drug combinations.
Exploring the effects of pillow talk on relationship satisfaction and physiological stress responses to couples’ difficult conversations

This study examined the effects of pillow talk (i.e., communication after sexual activity) on relationship satisfaction and physiological stress responses to difficult conversations. Fifty heterose...
Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence in Ce 140

Measurements of the lifetime of the 1.6-Mev first excited state of ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{140}$ have been performed using the nuclear resonance fluorescence method. Self-absorption experiments using Ce metal and Ce${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ scatterers and absorbers performed at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and at 78\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K yield a mean life of (1.10\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.15)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}$ second for this state. Formulas are presented for the analysis of resonance fluorescence experiments using thick scatterers and absorbers.
Ethical allocation of scarce health-care resources in the context of the COVID-19 crisis

The current COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to overwhelm the capacity of hospitals and Intensive Care Units in Chile and Latin America. Thus local authorities have an ethical obligation to be prepared by implementing pertinent measures to prevent a situation of rationing of scarce healthcare resources, and by defining ethically acceptable and socially legitimate criteria for the allocation of these resources. This paper responds to recent ethical guidelines issued by a Chilean academic institution and discusses the main moral principles for the ethical foundations of criteria for rationing during the present crisis. It argues that under exceptional circumstances such as the current pandemic, the traditional patient-centered morality of medicine needs to be balanced with ethical principles formulated from a public health perspective, including the principles of social utility, social justice and equity, among others. The paper concludes with some recommendations regarding how to reach an agreement about rationing criteria and about their implementation in clinical practice.
MLL3/MLL4 methyltransferase activities regulate embryonic stem cell differentiation independent of enhancer H3K4me1

Enhancers drive cell-type-specific gene transcription and are marked by H3K4me1. MLL4 (KMT2D), a major H3K4me1 methyltransferase with partial functional redundancy with MLL3 (KMT2C), is critical for enhancer activation and cell-type-specific gene induction during cell differentiation and development. However, the roles of MLL3/4-mediated enhancer H3K4me1 and MLL3/4 enzymatic activities in general in these processes remain unclear. Here, we report that MLL3/4 enzymatic activities are partially redundant during mouse development. Simultaneous elimination of both leads to embryonic lethality around E8.5. Using embryoid body (EB) differentiation as an in vitro model for early embryonic development, we show that Mll3 knockout MLL4 enzyme-dead embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are capable of differentiating towards the three germ layers but display severe cavitation defects, likely due to impaired induction of visceral endoderm. Importantly, MLL3/4-catalyzed H3K4me1 is dispensable for enhancer activation during early EB differentiation and lineage-specific neural differentiation. Together, these results suggest a critical, but enhancer H3K4me1-independent, role of MLL3/4 enzymatic activities in early embryonic development and ESC differentiation.
Carbon nanotubes based on-chip supercapacitors with improved areal energy density

Supercapacitors or electrochemical capacitors, as a kind of energy storage devices, have been intensively studied for decades as its combination of high energy density and high power density with long cycle life. The integration of on-chip supercapacitors with Si-compatible processes will further expand their application in electronic systems. Among them, porous carbon materials are quite promising, because the porous carbon owns high surface area with optimised porosity, high electrical conductivity and good electrochemical stability. It was previously reported by our group that high surface area Si-grass withcarbon nanotubes (CNTs) deposition via atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) could exhibit high areal energy density for supercapacitor application. In this paper, further improvement in areal energy density is achieved by solution-based catalyst loading into the CNTs network and subsequent CNTs growth via APCVD method in the tube furnace. The mass loading of carbon active materials are enhanced as compact integration of two dense CNT layers to achieve the high areal capacitance 159 mF/cm2 at 5 mV/s with 62 mF/cm2 increasing from one CNT layer, and the main electricity storage mechanism is still electrochemical double layer (ECDL) with the rectangle structure showed in the cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves, which shows these supercapacitors remain the high power properties. These findings demonstrated that CNT based supercapacitors are still competitive in areal energy density with improved mass loading.
Designing and Creating a Smart Audiometer Using an Arduino Platform

This paper presents an audiometer prototype that aims to improve the development of hearing systems, especially in the field of telemedicine, by making a better link between medicine device and the physician, the transmission of data between the audiometer and another medical device being much easier to achieve. The system uses an Arduino Mega 2560 development board to provide a host of features such as data transmission without the use of connection cables or communication with devices such as desktop computers, laptops, tablets, or smartphones via wireless. The system also includes an LM386 audio amplifier to amplify the signal to deliver the sounds to the required parameters, a headphone jack to connect headphones, a 2004 (or Arduino 2560 compatible TFT display) to display parameters and data, an I2C adapter and a micro SD and micro SDHC (high speed card) adapter module where pure sounds at specific frequencies are stored. The audiometer is designed to be portable audiometer, compact, lightweight and works with an external 9 V battery. During the test, the results are displayed on the LCD screen, so the audiogram can be built with the test, or the results can be transferred to your computer or smartphone to make a printable audiogram. The audiometer offers the possibility of saving the results and integrating them into a database of patients, diversifying audiometric testing (automatic, vocal testing).
The Enhanced Brief Structured Observation Model: Efficiently Assess Trainee Competence and Provide Feedback.

Introduction The regular observation of trainees is essential to ascertain trainee proficiency in competency-based assessments. Unfortunately, observation of residents is not frequent enough to fac...
Perception to Educational Games towards Learning Attitudes of College Students in St. Mary’s College of Bansalan Inc

Many lauded methods promise to provide a remedy to learning issues, and education is prospering. However, the most efficient manner of conveying knowledge and teaching skills is to approach learning through pleasure. And educational computer game research has exploded due to the widespread notion that games may provide a variety of learning benefits, as well as the fact that games are extremely popular among younger generations. Games-based learning has piqued the interest of educationalists and businesspeople who want to take use of the qualities of computer games, which are seen as a potentially effective method of teaching and learning by some. Despite this enthusiasm for game-based learning, there is a paucity of scientific evidence to back up the approach's validity in the larger context of education and gaming. Students "are experienced to learn by doing" with the usage of digital games, according to the report. Educational games provide a learning environment that caters to a wide range of learning methods. Have proven that by making digital games easy or pleasant to learn, students' negative attitudes can be transformed. Despite this, many educators are opposed to incorporating digital gaming into the classroom. It was shown that adopting educational games as a learning method can help students learn more across a variety of learning domains, including cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor skills. Students are also more motivated to study and learn.
Organizations and Associations

Part four includes annotated entries for associations and organizations, most of which are headquartered in North America, whose interests are in some manner significant to the fields of learning, design and technology or library and information science. For the most part, these organizations consist of professionals in the field or agencies that offer services to the educational media community. In an effort to only list active organizations, I deleted all organizations that had not updated their information since 2007. Any readers are encouraged to contact the editors with names of unlisted media-related organizations for investigation and possible inclusion in the 2013 edition.
Some Recent Developments Concerning the Macroscopic Quantum Nature of Superfluid Helium

Ever since the realization in the late 1930’s that the macroscopic dynamics of liquid helium for T < T λ (~ 2.2°K) was quite different from those of ordinary fluids, physicists, led initially by F. London, have been trying to understand its unusual macroscopic behavior from the point of view of the quantum theory. Surely the main reason for interest in He II is that its macroscopic behavior or hydrodynamics is a direct consequence of the operation of quantum mechanics on a massive scale. In this paper we will discuss those aspects of the macroscopic behavior of He II that are most closely related to the quantum theory.
Municipal Regulation of Formula Businesses: Creating and Protecting Businesses

People have been trying to exclude chain stores from their communities for decades. This includes "big-box" chains - the behemoth retailers that prefer an architecture of rectangular, single-story unadorned structures reaching 200,000 square feet or more - as well as national and international businesses including well-recognized fast food restaurants, drug stores and clothing retailers. The reasons for restricting these large corporate businesses include concerns over community character and aesthetics, local economics and self-reliance, and corporate ideologies. Over time, many municipalities have been forced to accept that "formula retail" and "franchise architecture" are simply part of the American economy. In many communities, the emphasis has shifted from efforts aimed at prohibiting these retailers to strategies aimed at implementing land use controls and other programs designed to regulate these businesses so as to minimize potential negative community impacts. Part I of this Article focuses on the reasons why communities attempt to regulate formula based businesses, including concerns over community character, economic and environmental impacts, and social equity issues. Part II explores legal strategies to minimize the negative effects that often result from the location of formula based businesses through a host of local land use controls including comprehensive plans, zoning ordinances, special use permits, size caps, historic district regulations, design guidelines and site plan review, formula business restrictions, town-serving zones, and vacant store ordinances. Part III examines locally initiated or implemented economic and social regulations and programs to counter impacts from formula based businesses. These strategies include economic impact review initiated by the local government, as well as nongovernmental, community-based strategies that complement municipal efforts to regulate formula businesses, including the use of community benefits agreements and the impact of independent business associations and the local currency movements. The Article concludes with the thought that careful, strategic, community planning, along with a combination of municipal regulatory programs and grass-roots initiatives, can yield thriving communities both with and without certain formula retail establishments.
Systemic Sclerosis is a Complex Disease Associated Mainly with Immune Regulatory and Inflammatory Genes

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a fibrotic and autoimmune disease characterized clinically by skin and internal organ fibrosis and vascular damage, and serologically by the presence of circulating autoantibodies. Although etiopathogenesis is not yet well understood, the results of numerous genetic association studies support genetic contributions as an important factor to SSc. In this paper, the major genes of SSc are reviewed. The most recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are taken into account along with robust candidate gene studies. The literature search was performed on genetic association studies of SSc in PubMed between January 2000 and March 2014 while eligible studies generally had over 600 total participants with replication. A few genetic association studies with related functional changes in SSc patients were also included. A total of forty seven genes or specific genetic regions were reported to be associated with SSc, although some are controversial. These genes include HLA genes, STAT4, CD247, TBX21, PTPN22, TNFSF4, IL23R, IL2RA, IL-21, SCHIP1/IL12A, CD226, BANK1, C8orf13-BLK, PLD4, TLR-2, NLRP1, ATG5, IRF5, IRF8, TNFAIP3, IRAK1, NFKB1, TNIP1, FAS, MIF, HGF, OPN, IL-6, CXCL8, CCR6, CTGF, ITGAM, CAV1, MECP2, SOX5, JAZF1, DNASEIL3, XRCC1, XRCC4, PXK, CSK, GRB10, NOTCH4, RHOB, KIAA0319, PSD3 and PSOR1C1. These genes encode proteins mainly involved in immune regulation and inflammation, and some of them function in transcription, kinase activity, DNA cleavage and repair. The discovery of various SSc-associated genes is important in understanding the genetics of SSc and potential pathogenesis that contribute to the development of this disease.
Analytic Aspects of the Harmonic Map Problem

A fundamental nonlinear object in differential geometry is a map between manifolds. If the manifolds have Riemannian metrics, then it is natural to choose representaives for maps which respect the metric structures of the manifolds. Experience suggests that one should choose maps which are minima or critical points of variational integrals. Of the integrals which have been proposed, the energy has attracted most interest among analysts, geometers, and mathematical physicists. Its critical points, the harmonic maps, are of some geometric interest. They have also proved to be useful in applications to differential geometry. Particularly one should mention the important role they play in the classical minimal surface theory. Secondly, the applications to Kahler geometry given in [S], [SiY] illustrate the usefulness of harmonic maps as analytic tools in geometry. It seems to the author that there is good reason to be optimistic about the role which the techniques and results related to this problem can play in future developments in geometry.