cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Psychological experience and coping strategies of patients in the Northeast US delaying care for infertility during the COVID-19 pandemic.

On March 17, 2020 an expert ASRM task force recommended the temporary suspension of new, non-urgent fertility treatments during an ongoing world-wide pandemic of Covid-19. We surveyed at the time of resumption of fertility care the psychological experience and coping strategies of patients pausing their care due to Covid-19 and examined which factors were associated and predictive of resilience, anxiety, stress and hopefulness. Cross sectional cohort patient survey using an anonymous, self-reported, single time, web-based, HIPPA compliant platform (REDCap). Survey sampled two Northeast academic fertility practices (Yale Medicine Fertility Center in CT and Montefiore’s Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Health in NY). Data from multiple choice and open response questions collected demographic, reproductive history, experience and attitudes about Covid-19, prior infertility treatment, sense of hopefulness and stress, coping strategies for mitigating stress and two validated psychological surveys to assess anxiety (six-item short-form State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAl-6)) and resilience (10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, (CD-RISC-10). Seven hundred thirty-four patients were sent invitations to participate. Two hundred fourteen of 734 (29.2%) completed the survey. Patients reported their fertility journey had been delayed a mean of 10 weeks while 60% had been actively trying to conceive > 1.5 years. The top 5 ranked coping skills from a choice of 19 were establishing a daily routine, going outside regularly, exercising, maintaining social connection via phone, social media or Zoom and continuing to work. Having a history of anxiety (p < 0.0001) and having received oral medication as prior infertility treatment (p < 0.0001) were associated with lower resilience. Increased hopefulness about having a child at the time of completing the survey (p < 0.0001) and higher resilience scores (p < 0.0001) were associated with decreased anxiety. Higher reported stress scores (p < 0.0001) were associated with increased anxiety. Multiple multivariate regression showed being non-Hispanic black (p = 0.035) to be predictive of more resilience while variables predictive of less resilience were being a full-time homemaker (p = 0.03), having received oral medication as prior infertility treatment (p = 0.003) and having higher scores on the STAI-6 (< 0.0001). Prior to and in anticipation of further pauses in treatment the clinical staff should consider pretreatment screening for psychological distress and provide referral sources. In addition, utilization of a patient centered approach to care should be employed.
Biosemiotics, Holistic Biology and Self-Actualization

Rehabilitation entails a person-centered process facilitating self-actualization and optimizing the functional reconstruction of the human organism when various constraints imposed by chronic pathological conditions such as acquired brain injury, musculoskeletal pain or limb loss impair significant functionality. Semiotics is the science of meaning and process-based functionality, while biosemiotics is the existential science of meaning and functionality associated with self-actualization in living organisms. The functionality of the intentional agent as the self-constructing and defining characteristic of the living organism is examined in the context of Kurt Goldstein’s holistic biological conceptual framework, based on his work in brain injury rehabilitation. The existential motive to ‘self-actualize’ involves a relational, intersubjective process for all organisms but especially the human ‘semiotic animal.’ Biosemiotics can inform and be compared with Goldstein’s ‘holistic biology’ through serving as a basic non-dual existential science of integrated whole-organism functionality accomplished through self-actualization. In viewing functionality as the brain-associated intentional cognitive agency that engages the body in solving everyday practical problems of existential significance, biosemiotics can be viewed as the relational science of organismic functionality, self-actualization, intersubjectivity and communication. As biosemiotics studies the extraction and transmission of relevant information conveying pragmatic action-oriented meaning through which experience and associated organismic intentionality unfolds, this perspective can shed light on the practice of brain injury rehabilitation. More generally, biosemiotics can offer a scientific foundation for medical rehabilitation, involving the optimization of consequential functionality and the regaining of meaningful performance capacity. Thus, biosemiotics provides insight into brain injury rehabilitation as an existential, person-centered enterprise.
Groepsgewijze toepassing van traumagerichte modules

Uit gecontroleerde trials komt naar voren dat groepstherapie kinderen op een effectieve manier kan helpen PTSS en andere traumasymptomen te boven te komen. Bovendien is er de laatste jaren steeds meer belangstelling voor en succesvol onderzoek naar de specifieke toepassing van groepsgewijze TF-CBT voor kinderen, adolescenten en hun niet-mishandelende en -misbruikende ouders, met name met het oog op verbetering van de toegankelijkheid en het bereik van de behandeling voor kinderen die er anders waarschijnlijk niet voor in aanmerking zouden komen. Voor veel scholen, vluchtelingenkampen en landen met weinig middelen om therapie voor getraumatiseerde kinderen te verzorgen kan groepsgewijze behandeling haalbaarder zijn dan individuele therapie. In dit hoofdstuk staat het bieden van TF-CBT in groepsverband centraal.
Calibration of segmented tension roll transducing systems

Web tension transducing systems, implemented with a transducing roll (measuring beam) that incorporates only two load-bearing points (one at each end of the transport roll), are uncomplicated relative to conventions for establishing the per-transducer calibration standards and methods of calibration. Multiple (more than two) load-bearing point transducing rolls are not utilized to enhance web tension transduction. As indicated above, the simple two point system is both simple and accurate. However, as web processing machines become faster and wider, and web transport tension control more critical, multiple load-bearing point web transport roll systems have become quite common. When web tension transducing systems are implemented with web transport rolls, which have more than two load-bearing points, variations relative to the conventions for establishing per-transducer calibration standards and methods of calibration result in confusion, and in many cases subsequent web tension transducing errors. This paper discusses the issues involved and provides the basis for the development of compensation factors that could be applied to particular tension transducing configurations.
Isometric Correction for Manifold Learning

In this paper, we present a method for isometric correction of manifold learning techniques. We first present an isometric nonlinear dimension reduction method. Our proposed method overcomes the issues associated with well-known isometric embedding techniques such as ISOMAP and maximum variance unfolding (MVU), i.e., computational complexity and the geodesic convexity requirement. Based on the proposed algorithm, we derive our isometric correction method. Our approach follows an isometric solution to the problem of local tangent space alignment. We provide a derivation of a fast iterative solution. The performance of our algorithm is illustrated on both synthetic and real datasets compared to other methods.
The Reliable Router: A Reliable and High-Performance Communication Substrate for Parallel Computers

The Reliable Router (RR) is a network switching element targeted to two-dimensional mesh interconnection network topologies. It is designed to run at 100 MHz and reach a useful link bandwidth of 3.2 Gbit/sec. The Reliable Router uses adaptive routing coupled with link-level retransmission and a unique-token protocol to increase both performance and reliability. The RR can handle a single node or link failure anywhere in the network without interruption of service. Other unique features include a queueless low-latency plesiochronous channel interface, and simultaneous bidirectional signalling.
Do Faster Routers Imply Faster Communication

Despite significant improvements in network interfaces and software messaging layers, software communication overhead still dominates the hardware routing cost in most parallel systems. In this study, we identify the sources of this overhead by relating user communication services to particular network hardware features. Based on a detailed analysis of the active messages layer on the CM-5, we assign the software messaging cost to specific user communication services and network features. Our study shows that 50–70% of the software cost of messaging can be attributed to providing end-to-end flow control, in-order delivery, and reliable transmission services. This overhead is a direct effect of specific network features — arbitrary delivery order, finite buffering, and limited fault-handling — and is unlikely to be eliminated through improved software implementations. We conclude that reducing this software overhead requires changing the constraints on messaging layers: we propose designing routing networks which replace (or make unnecessary) software to implement user services. Specifically, networks which provide ordering, end-to-end flow control, and hardware-supported fault-tolerance can significantly reduce the end-to-end cost of communication.
SIM-OPT: A computational architecture to address valuable business aspects of research & development pipeline management

Publisher Summary The concept of timelines that studies the multiple and unique realizations of the controlled evolution of the discrete-event pipeline system has been shown to be an effective approach to obtain insights into the dynamics of the pipeline problem under uncertainty. Methods are presented to integrate information across the timelines in terms of binding resource-types that present bottlenecks. An example is presented that evaluates operational decisions, such as accumulating the underutilized resource levels of a resource type from lean periods and utilizing them for tight periods when that resource type becomes binding. Design decisions, such as, the value of acquisition of any resource types, the value of entering into outsourcing contracts for binding resource types, and estimate the timing of these future contracts, can be evaluated. Operational decisions, such as partially satisfying the resource needs of resource-starved activities, accompanied by a proportional increase in their processing times, can also be studied with the timeline integration within the Sim-Opt architecture. Other investigations that can be carried out using Sim-Opt include analyzing the sensitivity of parameters, such as resource levels, cost estimates, technical survival probabilities and commercial estimates of rewards, and answering “what-if” questions, such as addition and generation of new projects.
CYP3A-dependent drug metabolism is reduced in bacterial inflammation in mice

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gene expression of Cyp3a11 is reduced by activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) by Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacterial components, LPS or lipoteichoic acid (LTA) respectively. The primary adaptor protein in the TLR signalling pathway, TIRAP, plays differential roles in LPS- and LTA-mediated down-regulations of Cyp3a11 mRNA. Here, we have determined the functional relevance of these findings by pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis of the Cyp3a substrate midazolam in mice. Midazolam is also metabolized by Cyp2c in mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Adult male C57BL/6, TIRAP+/+ and TIRAP−/− mice were pretreated with saline, LPS (2 mg·kg−1) or LTA (6 mg·kg−1). Cyp3a11 protein expression, activity and PK/PD studies using midazolam were performed. KEY RESULTS Cyp3a11 protein expression in LPS- or LTA-treated mice was reduced by 95% and 60% compared with saline-treated mice. Cyp3a11 activity was reduced by 70% in LPS- or LTA-treated mice. Plasma AUC of midazolam was increased two- to threefold in LPS- and LTA-treated mice. Plasma levels of 1′-OHMDZ decreased significantly only in LTA-treated mice. Both LPS and LTA decreased AUC of 1′-OHMDZ-glucuronide. In the PD study, sleep time was increased by ∼2-fold in LPS- and LTA-treated mice. LTA-mediated decrease in Cyp3a11 protein expression and activity was dependent on TIRAP. In PK/PD correlation, AUC of midazolam was increased only in LPS-treated mice compared with saline-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS LPS or LTA altered PK/PD of midazolam . This is the first study to demonstrate mechanistic differences in regulation of metabolite formation of a clinically relevant drug by Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacterial endotoxins.
BLACK STRUGGLE FOR LAND DURING RECONSTRUCTION

the united states, the closest black people have ever come to the ownership of any sizable portions of land came during the Reconstruction period, following the American Civil War. And it was the failure to obtain ownership and control of landparticularly in a society and at a time when land was so germane to survival which partially explains the dependent economic status of African-Americans.
A New Coupling Hitch for Car-Trailer Combinations Which Eliminates Swaying

During the summer of 1970, a new trailer hitch was designed which effectively removes the dangerous yaw oscillation between car and trailer. The device is a simple linkage which places the "virtual" hitch point at the center of mass of the towing vehicle. This hitch point placement decouples the fundamental mode of energy interchange between the two vehicles greatly increasing the overall safe speed of operation. Experimental evidence shows that this new coupling passively desensitizes the system from driver error or from poor loading procedures.
Proficiency testing in a medical-needs context.

Proficiency testing by State and Federal agencies is an ongoing activity of clinical laboratories and an occasional source of anxiety; strict statistical evaluations of "snapshot" laboratory values are inappropriate and medical-needs criteria should be used. The quality of laboratory results largely depends on available technology. Fortunately, for most of the common clinical chemistry analytes there has been a steady reduction of imprecision during the past 20 years. Proficiency testing may have been the stimulus for this improved performance. Medical-needs criteria differ, depending on the testing goal. For proficiency testing, population screening criteria are appropriate, e.g., the College of American Pathologists fixed criteria for the common tests. Stricter criteria are needed for short-term (inpatient) and long-term (outpatient) monitoring of laboratory data. Explicit proficiency-testing limits are given here for nine of the common clinical chemistry tests for each of the three medical-needs criteria described above. The limits consider total error--i.e., bias from the believed correct value, and imprecision. Rather broad limits are acceptable for the commonly performed enzyme tests when used for screening purposes.
Chronic inhalation of nebulized levalbuterol does not increase mucociliary clearance in healthy subjects.

Acute inhalations of b2-adrenergic receptor agonists increase mucociliary clearance (MCC). Less is known about the effect of longterm inhalations of these agents on MCC, or cough clearance (CC). We hypothesized that chronic inhalations of nebulized levalbuterol, the R-isomer of albuterol, would enhance MCC and/or CC in healthy subjects, compared to albuterol or placebo. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in ten healthy, adult subjects who inhaled nebulized levalbuterol (1.25 mg), albuterol (2.5 mg), or placebo for 7 days, three times daily. MCC and CC were measured 6–7 h after the last dose of drug on the 7th day of treatment. These were quantified from gamma camera images of the lungs following inhalation of an aerosol containing the isotope 99m technetium. Levalbuterol did not improve MCC or CC. MCC averaged (7SD) 12.378.3%, 9.274.7% and 10.079.6% with placebo, albuterol and levalbuterol, respectively. CC averaged 3.976.8%, 4.974.3% and 3.876.4% with placebo, albuterol and levalbuterol, respectively. These results indicate that chronic inhalations of nebulized levalbuterol for 1 week do not increase MCC or CC in healthy subjects, compared to albuterol or placebo. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Landslides and climatic conditions in the Barcelonnette and Vars basins (Southern French Alps, France)

Research into the climatic causes behind the triggering and reactivation of landslides has been carried out in two basins in the Southern French Alps, where a great many landslides have occurred over more than a century. Correlations between landslides and climate are sometimes precise and closely related in time, at other times imprecise and more distant. The better known the type of landslide and the date of its occurrence, the greater the correlation may appear. Be this as it may, climate is never the sole cause. This paper deals with the limits of the effects of climate.
Model predictive control—Building a bridge between theory and practice

This paper describes the development of an MPC product at AspenTech. A brief historical view sets the stage, describing collaboration with university researchers that formed much of the technical foundation. Gaps between theory and practice were addressed during product development. Major effort focused on eliminating the need for practitioners to understand control theory, while ensuring that controllers satisfy theoretical requirements. This allows control strategies to be designed and implemented via configuration and tuning in a domain familiar to a process operations engineer. Terms like eigenvalue, covariance, detectability, controllability, etc. are never exposed. Robust numerical algorithms and software suitable for real time execution must augment the control theory foundation. Best practices and expertise are embedded in the software realization, thus reducing the skill level required for success while still allowing experts to push the envelope. The resulting technical scalability facilitates a wide range of process control practice in a single framework.
Early Reduction in Insulin-like Growth Factor Gene Expression in Diabetic Nerve

Diabetic neuropathy is a common and disabling complication of diabetes mellitus whose pathogenesis remains unknown. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) have been recently implicated in the development and maintenance of the peripheral nervous system, and circulating IGF levels are decreased in experimental and clinical diabetes. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that IGF gene expression is reduced in peripheral nerves early after the onset of diabetes. Sciatic nerves from nondiabetic and streptozotocin-treated rats were removed 5-7 days after the induction of diabetes. RNA was isolated and analyzed by Northern and slot blots. IGF-I mRNA content was significantly decreased per milligram wet weight nerve (P < 0.025) as well as per poly(A)+ RNA (P < 0.01) in diabetic vs nondiabetic nerves. Likewise, the amount of IGF-II mRNA was significantly decreased per milligram wet weight nerve (P < 0.01) as well as per poly(A)+ RNA (P < 0.005). These effects were selective because histone 3.3 mRNA content, as well as poly(A)+ mRNA content, per milligram nerve were unchanged. Insulin treatment partially prevented this decline in IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA levels. The diminished IGF mRNA content is one of the earliest biochemical abnormalities to be observed in the diabetic nerve, supporting the hypothesis that a reduction in IGF activity in diabetic nerves precedes and contributes to the development of neuropathy.
Characterization of Regions within the N-Terminal 6-Kilodalton Domain of Phytochrome A That Modulate Its Biological Activity

Phytochrome A (phyA) is a red/far-red (FR) light photoreceptor responsible for initiating numerous light-mediated plant growth and developmental responses, especially in FR light-enriched environments. We previously showed that the first 70 amino acids of the polypeptide contain at least two regions with potentially opposite functions (E.T. Jordan, J.R. Cherry, J.M. Walker, R.D. Vierstra [1996] Plant J 9: 243-257). One region is required for activity and correct apoprotein/chromophore interactions, whereas the second appears to regulate phytochrome activity. We have further resolved these functional regions by analysis of N-terminal deletion and alanine-scanning mutants of oat (Avena sativa) phyA in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The results indicate that the region involved in chromophore/apoprotein interactions contains two separate segments (residues 25-33 and 50-62) also required for biological activity. The region that regulates phyA activity requires only five adjacent serines (Sers) (residues 8-12). Removal or alteration of these Sers generates a photoreceptor that increases the sensitivity of transgenic seedlings to red and FR light more than intact phyA. Taken together, these data identify three distinct regions in the N-terminal domain necessary for photoreceptor activity, and further define the Ser-rich region as an important site for phyA regulation.
A cluster of leftward rho-dependent t′J terminators in the J gene of coliphage lambda

Abstract While searching for the N-unresponsive terminator described by Honigman (Gene 13 (1981) 299–309), a 1680-bp DNA fragment from within gene J of bacteriophage λ was cloned into plasmid pD12 between promoter p′R and the galKgene. In vitro transcription of this plasmid and S1 mapping assays, together with nucleotide sequencing, demonstrated that this DNA fragment contains a cluster of at least four rho-dependent leftward terminators designated as t′{J1},t′{J2} t′{J3} and t′J4 all located within the J gene close to its carboxyl terminus. S1 mapping places the t′{J1},t′{J2} t′{J3} and t′{inJ4} termination points at about 230, 264 419 bp, respectively, to the left of the third base of the triplet coding for the carboxyl-terminal amino acid of the J gene. Every t′J contains a region of dyad symmetry, but only the t′J-terminated RNA ends with the 5′-CGAUCAA-3′ sequence, an example of the 5′-CPuAUCA(A,U)-3′ sequence present in other known rho-dependent termination sites. The t′J terminators exhibit high dependence on the termination factor rho, with 89% joint termination efficiency in rho+Escherichia coli hosts and only 30% in rho− hosts at 30°C. At the elevated temperature of 42°C, the rho-dependent termination component of the t′J cluster becomes somewhat leaky, with the readthrough increasing by about twofold. The t′J terminators appear to be less responsive to nutR- and N-mediated antitermination (efficiency of 84–87%) than t′L3 which responds to the same antitermination function with an efficiency of 97%. The relationship between the t′J cluster and the highly N-unresponsive leftward termination signal tJ, which is also located within the J gene region (Gottesman et al., J. Mol. Biol. 140 (1980) 57–75; Honigman, Gene 13 (1981) 299–309), is unknown.
Adsorption of model charged proteins on charged surfaces with grafted polymers

The adsorption of model charged proteins on charged surfaces with and without grafted polymers is studied using a molecular approach. The ability of the polymer layer to reduce the amount of proteins adsorbed on top of the surface (primary adsorption) and at the same time to increase the adsorption of the proteins on top of the polymer layer (secondary adsorption) is presented. It is found that charging the free ends of the chains can result in an efficient way to enhance adsorption at the tip of the brush. Increasing the surface coverage of the polymers with charged free ends enhances the amount of proteins adsorbed at the tip of the polymer layer, while at the same time strongly reduces the number of proteins adsorbed directly onto the surface. The interplay between the attractive van der Waals protein-surface interactions, the steric polymer-protein interactions and the effect of the electrostatic interactions in determining the final adsorption is discussed. The manipulation of solution conditions to ...
Effects of increased β2‐agonist dose in tumor‐bearing animals

Cachexia and malnutrition are major contributing causes of significant morbidity and mortality in the cancer patient. Although supplemental nutrition alone does not reverse the cachectic process, the use of anabolic beta 2-adrenergic agonists in conjunction with supplemental nutrition does significantly reverse cachectic processes in tumor-bearing (TB) animals. To determine the most efficacious dose of the beta 2-agonist cimaterol (CIM), male Fischer-344 rats with dorsal subcutaneous methylcholanthrene sarcomas were maintained on supplemental enteral nutrition via surgically placed gastrostomy tubes. TB rats were given daily subcutaneous injections of either saline (Sal) or one of three doses of CIM for seven days. TB-Sal animals demonstrated significant cachexia with decreased extensor digitorum longus and gastrocnemius muscle dry weight and protein content. There was a significant increase in both extensor digitorum longus and gastrocnemius muscle dry weight and protein content in all treatment groups compared with TB controls. The greatest increase was in the 0.30 mg/kg CIM treatment group. Increased cardiac mass was associated with increasing dosage, with the greatest effect being observed in the 0.60 mg/kg CIM treatment group. This dosage, however, was associated with a decreased effect on muscle weight and protein content compared with the 0.30 mg/kg CIM dose. Thus the peak anabolic effect in TB animals was reached with the 0.30 mg/kg dose of CIM. Therefore, use of the beta 2-agonist CIM may prove useful in the treatment of cancer-induced cachexia.
Synthesis of minimum-time feedback laws for dynamic systems using neural networks

The paper presents the synthesis of neural network based feedback laws for dynamic systems using the computed optimal and time histories of the state and control variables. The efficacy of the proposed approach has been successfully demonstrated on a minimum time orbit injection problem. If the method is found to be effective to real life problems with many state and control variables, it can used for a variety of guidance and control problems.
Order-n correction for regular languages

A method is presented for calculating a string B, belonging to a given regular language L, which is “nearest” (in number of edit operations) to a given input string a. B is viewed as a reasonable “correction” for the possibly erroneous string a, where a was originally intended to be a string of L. The calculation of B by the method presented requires time proportional to |a|, the number of characters in a. The method should find applications in information retrieval, artificial intelligence, and spelling correction systems.
The Lion King animated storybook: A case study of aesthetic and economic power

(1996). The Lion King animated storybook: A case study of aesthetic and economic power. Critical Arts: Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 41-59.
Evidence that dirty electricity is causing the worldwide epidemics of obesity and diabetes

The epidemics of obesity and diabetes most apparent in recent years had their origins with Thomas Edison's development of distributed electricity in New York City in 1882. His original direct current (DC) generators suffered serious commutator brush arcing which is a major source of high-frequency voltage transients (dirty electricity). From the onset of the electrical grid, electrified populations have been exposed to dirty electricity. Diesel generator sets are a major source of dirty electricity today and are used almost universally to electrify small islands and places unreachable by the conventional electric grid. This accounts for the fact that diabetes prevalence, fasting plasma glucose and obesity are highest on small islands and other places electrified by generator sets and lowest in places with low levels of electrification like sub-Saharan Africa and east and Southeast Asia.
Dynamics of connective-tissue localization during chronic Borrelia burgdorferi infection

The etiologic agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, localizes preferentially in the extracellular matrix during persistence. In chronically infected laboratory mice, there is a direct association between B. burgdorferi and the proteoglycan decorin, which suggests that decorin has a role in defining protective niches for persistent spirochetes. In this study, the tissue colocalization of B. burgdorferi with decorin and the dynamics of borrelial decorin tropism were evaluated during chronic infection. Spirochetes were found to colocalize absolutely with decorin, but not collagen I in chronically infected immunocompetent C3H mice. Passive immunization of infected C3H-scid mice with B. burgdorferi-specific immune serum resulted in the localization of spirochetes in decorin-rich microenvironments, with clearance of spirochetes from decorin-poor microenvironments. In passively immunized C3H-scid mice, tissue spirochete burdens were initially reduced, but increased over time as the B. burgdorferi-specific antibody levels waned. Concurrent repopulation of the previously cleared decorin-poor microenvironments was observed with the rising tissue spirochete burden and declining antibody titer. These findings indicate that the specificity of B. burgdorferi tissue localization during chronic infection is determined by decorin, driven by the borrelia-specific antibody response, and fluctuates with the antibody response.
BEHAVIORAL FUNCTIONING AND SOCIAL COMPETENCY AMONG HEMOPHILIC ADOLESCENTS

As part of an investigation of the needs of boys with hemophilia, we compared their behaviors and social competencies with those of an unaffected control group. The parents of 10 younger (8-11 years) and 20 older (12-21 years) boys with factor VIII deficiency and 30 whose sons were of corresponding ages and SES but were without significant medical problems were administered the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The t Test for Independent Samples was used to make comparisons between groups. Results showed younger boys with hemophilia were rated as exhibiting more depression (p<.05), uncommunicative behavior (p<.02), social withdrawal (p<.01), and aggressivity (p<.007) than did their unaffected counterparts. Older hemophilic boys were rated as experiencing more somatic complaints (p<02), uncommunicativeness (p<.007), immaturity (p<.04), delinquent-like behavior (p<.05), aggressivity (p<.003), hyperactivity (p<.025), overall behavioral difficulties (p<.002), and greater externalizing (p<.003) and internalizing (p<.01) symptom clusters than controls. Comparisons of CBCL scores between younger and older hemophilic boys revealed greater social withdrawal in the older group (t=2.79;p<.009). Such findings suggest the predominant difficulties of younger hemophilic boys were lower social interaction along with associated dysphoric symptoms;whereas older boys manifested increased behavioral difficulties which corresponded with reduced social competency. Our results have important implications for the types and intensity of support services which should be made available to families of children and adolescents with hemophilia.
The forest ranger revisited: A study of control practices and identification

This study was conducted for the purposes of: (1) describing current control practices in the U.S. Forest Service, an organization frequently cited as an excellent organization due to a dated but classic study, and (2) field testing three claims made in Tompkins and Cheney's theory of unobtrusive control, including: (a) unobtrusive control practices are associated with organizational identification, (b) members who report higher organizational identification use organizational premises in their decision making, (c) members who report higher organizational identification consider the organization as they consider the consequences of decisions. Findings indicated that: (1) control practices have changed from more unobtrusive to more obtrusive, and (2) theoretical claims were supported. Several implications are discussed. The value of the method employed to generating longitudinal research is discussed. The study illustrates the pragmatic relevance of organizational identification. Drawing on the experience ...
Hippocampal Acetylcholine Increases During Eyeblink Conditioning in the Rabbit

The classically conditioned rabbit nictitating membrane reflex (NMR) is modulated by the septohippocampal cholinergic system. Disruption of this system retards NMR acquisition. Aluminium (Al) is a neurotoxin that interferes with hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis and release. Using microdialysis, this study tested the hypothesis that NMR acquisition in the rabbit is associated with hippocampal ACh release. This was conducted by measuring ACh release in control and A1-intoxicated rabbits during NMR training. NMR training consisted of four sessions of 100 conditioning trials/session in a delay paradigm. The percentage of conditioned responses (CRs) increased with each conditioning session for both groups, although percent CRs was significantly greater in the control group. Acetylcholine release in the ventral hippocampus increased significantly over baseline in the control group during the second and third conditioning sessions. In the Al-intoxicated group, ACh release did not increase significantly during any conditioning session. A separate group of rabbits was pseudoconditioned, receiving the same conditioning stimuli, although explicitly unpaired. This group did not acquire the CR. Acetylcholine release did not significantly increase during any conditioning session, suggesting that the increase in ACh release observed in the control group was not merely a product of conditioning stimuli presentation. The lack of increased ACh release in the Al-intoxicated rabbits was associated with a CR acquisition deficit. The results of this study are consistent with a role of hippocampal cholinergic function in NMR acquisition in the rabbit.
Determination of flavor precursor compound S-alk(en)yl-l-cysteine sulfoxides by an HPLC method and their distribution in Allium species

Abstract Pungency precursor compounds, S-methyl (Me), S-2-propenyl (allyl, Al)-, and S-propenyl (Pe)- l -cysteine sulfoxides (CSO), were determined from eight Allium species plants using high performance liquid chromatography after dansyl-Cl derivatization. Allium plants selectively contained two or three kinds of CSOs with varying amounts and proportions, corresponding to their flavors. MeCSO was a major precursor in chive and Chinese chive (0.68–1.85 mg g−1 fresh wt.) and found in all the species examined with less amounts. AlCSO was the major precursor in garlic and giant garlic (3.2–9.8 mg g−1), and was also contained in chive and Chinese chive. PeCSO was the main flavor precursor in onion, green onion, leek, and shallot (0.3–2.2 mg g−1), but also found in chive, Chinese chive, garlic and giant garlic. Garlic and giant garlic contained greatest amounts of total CSO (5.0–11.7 mg g−1), while Chinese chive, dehydrator onion, leek, shallot had moderate amounts (2.0–5.0 mg g−1). Japanese bunching onion, onion (TG 1015Y), and chive leaves contained least amounts of total CSO (
“Women with no femininity”: gender, race and nation-building in the James Bay Project

Abstract This paper seeks to gender the nation-state through an analysis of the links between gender, colonial history and governmentality in Quebec’s James Bay region. In the early 1970s, a new governmental framework was introduced in Northern Quebec with the construction of a large-scale hydroelectric complex. The James Bay project coincided with an intensive period of nation-building by Francophones in the province, which led to the 1980 referendum on separation from Canada. Looking at the space of the labor camps, I explore the differential positioning of men and women in dominant narratives of the nation-state. While both men and women who worked in James Bay were cast as heroes of the nation, everyday geographies in the work camps reveal several axes of difference on the basis of gender, race and class. By looking at the production of these geographies and the dual positioning of women as both “outcasts” and “daughters” of the patriarchal state, I call for a broader understanding of difference in the elaboration of a feminist political geography.
Bureaucracy and Morality: An Organizational Perspective on a Moral Crusade

Utilizing an organizational perspective, the impact of the Narcotics Bureau upon the enactment and expansion of narcotics legislation is examined as part of a larger discussion of the importance of bureaucratic and environmental factors in determining the course of moral crusades and social movements. While there is no attempt to refute Becker's “moral entrepreneur” explanation of the Marihuana Tax Act, certain inconsistencies and apparent misinterpretations are pointed out, and an alternative explanation is explored. It is argued that similar to the earlier expansion of narcotics legislation, the Marihuana Tax Act was the result of a bureaucratic response to environmental pressure—that the Narcotics Bureau, faced with a non-supportive environment and a decreasing budgetary appropriation that threatened its survival, generated a crusade against marihuana use which resulted in the passage of the act and the alteration of a societal value.
One year return to custody rates among co‐disordered offenders

The extent to which therapeutic community (TC) methods meet the treatment needs of offenders with substance abuse disorders and co-occurring psychiatric disorders in prison is largely unknown. Very little research has been conducted with this population. The purposes of this study were to generate profiles of co-disordered drug offenders entering TC treatment in prison and to assess their post-release reincarceration rates, compared with drug offenders without psychiatric disorders. Extensive intake interview data for over 8,500 men and women who received treatment in one of 16 prison-based TCs in California were analyzed to produce profiles of co-disordered participants. Intake data come from a 5 year process and outcome evaluation of the California Department of Corrections' (CDC's) treatment initiative. Post-release reincarceration rates come from the CDC's Offender Based Information System. Compared with non-psychiatric disordered drug offenders, co-disordered offenders had substantially more severe substance abuse and criminal histories, in addition to their psychiatric impairment, at treatment entry. Logistic regression results indicated that, compared with drug offenders without psychiatric illness, co-disordered offenders were significantly more likely to be reincarcerated during the first year of their parole. These results suggest that prison treatment programs may need to use more comprehensive diagnostic assessments at intake to assess the diverse mental health needs of drug offenders with co-occurring psychiatric disorders and to develop treatment approaches suitable for this population. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Organizational Change Model in a Geometric Framework

Geometric strategy is an evolving academic discipline revealing considerable use in practice. It is useful across a broad spectrum of disciplines including those in genetics, advanced technologies, and business. Studies in geometric strategy extend into fields of spatial architectural designs (Pottman, 2009), genetic structures and behavior patterns (Klingenberg, 2001), and global marketing economies (Oestreicher, 2012). It is a mechanism for modeling complex characteristics that may have been conventionally detached from traditional analytic methods and protocols. Zeleny (2010) forwards the notion that strategic practices need to transform from a descriptive archetype to a strategy of reliability with measurable action. What is unique about this discipline is that the delay from research activities to industrial usage has decreased dramatically. This may be due to the fact that patterns and geometries are part of daily living, thereby necessitating acceptance on a different level than for other disciplines. The science of business is equally as complex. Management science is replete with theories on issues of managing human capital, team dynamics, behavioral psychology, relationships amongst groups, as well as many disciplines which drive commerce. Business systems have been developed to provide intuition at all levels of the organization. Bridging geometry and business strategy, although revolutionized several decades ago by McKinsey & Co., has been advancing in academia and practice to meet the ever-evolving demands of the marketplace. In this paper, a series of models are presented which integrate geometric strategies with an assortment of business characteristics within complex institutions. This proposal offers a clear set of visual models that can be adapted for use across a range of organization types. Moreover, because of the intrinsic design of adaptation, the models can be useful in quantitative and qualitative type organizations (Grassl, 2011; Sandelowski, 1995).
Prenatal and postnatal management of a patient with pentalogy of Cantrell and left ventricular aneurysm. A case report and literature review.

Introduction: Omphalocele is often associated with cardiac diverticulum in the pentalogy of Cantrell, however a prenatal diagnosis of omphalocele has not been described with a broad
Structure-affinity relationships of retinoids with embryonic cellular retinoic acid-binding protein

Abstract Separation and quantitation of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) in embryonic and fetal hamster tissues was accomplished with high-performance size-exclusion chromatography. Binding affinity of 26 retinoids was established by in vitro displacement of high specific activity all- trans -[ 3 H 2 ]retinoic acid from fetal CRABP. The CRABP concentration in presomite-to-early somite (Day 8) hamster embryos was 1.9 pmol/mg cytosolic protein and increased to 7.5 pmol/mg protein in Day 13 fetuses; CRABP concentrations subsequently declined as gestation progressed. CRABP was located primarily in fetal brain and skin (5.8 ± 0.3 and 2.2 ± 0.1 pmol/mg protein, respectively), whereas only trace concentrations were found in fetal liver, placenta, and maternal uterus. Retinoids that could displace all- trans -retinoic acid from CRABP had a free acid at the polar terminus (or were carboxylate esters that were readily hydrolyzed to the corresponding free acid) and had a hydrophobic ring at the distal position. The ligand specificity of the CRABP studied here suggests that this protein was analogous to the CRABP I isoform. The in vitro binding affinities of teratogenic retinoids that competed for embryonic CRABP failed to correlate directly with relative teratogenic potency. In some instances, the latter observation can be related to extensive in vivo biotransformation of retinoids to multiple teratogenic metabolites and to retinoid persistence in the embryo. Three analogs containing a free carboxy terminus, SRI 5898-21, SRI 7323-78, and SRI 6153-40, were identified with high teratogenic potency but failed to bind fetal hamster CRABP. The structure-activity and binding data of the analogs studied here indicate that many, if not most, teratogenic retinoids (or their acidic metabolites) bind with embryonic/fetal CRABP, but the present data question the role for CRABP in their teratogenic mechanism of action.
SU-E-J-113: A New Quantification Measure of the Difference Between Two Organ Contours.

Purpose: To develop a measuring method between two contours, which can be used for validating a PTV during IGRT,organ motion and/or deformation studies. Methods: Quantifying the geometric difference between two organ/target surfaces is essential for Radiation therapy planning and delivery. Point‐to‐surface distance measures have been utilized to evaluate and visualize the local surface differences. However, previously well‐known distance measures have critical shortfalls. Normal distance (ND) measure suffers when the reference surface is strongly curved. Minimum distance (MD) measure (a.k.a. Hausdorff distance) suffers when the test surface is strongly curved. Our new distance measure named Error‐Proof Distance (EPD) can deal with both difficult cases.EPD measure calculates the maximum value between the Forward Minimum Distance (FMinD) and the Backward Maximum Distance (BMaxD) at each point. The FMinD denotes the minimum distance to the test surface from a point on the reference surface. The BMaxD means the maximum value among the minimum distances from all points of the test surface to the point on the reference surface. We tested EPD using three 2‐D contour examples including a 20mm shifted contour, and two 3‐D clinical cases. Results: In case of 2‐D contour examples, ND and MD measure failed in strongly curved areas, but EPD measure outperformed the others. The maximum distance measured between a reference and a 20mm shifted test contour should be equal to 20mm, but ND erroneously measured 24mm. Furthermore, ND reported erroneous distances where the reference surface is strongly curved in 3‐D clinical cases. Conclusions: We succeeded to prove that a new EPD is arobust and accurate distance measure to compare two 2D or 3D surfaces. EPD measure can be used to evaluate and visualize the surface difference of organ contours. It is also helpful for proving PTV margin during IGRT, and organ motion and/or deformation studies. This project is partially supported by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) grant 1R18HS017424‐01A2.
Genomic Abnormalities of Waldenström Macroglobulinemia and Related Low-Grade B-Cell Lymphomas

Abstract Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a lymphoproliferative disease characterized by a heterogeneous lymphoplasmacytic bone marrow infiltrate and monoclonal immunoglobulin M production. WM shows similarities in presentations with related B-cell malignancies, sometimes making it difficult to distinguish them. To better characterize the genetic basis of WM, we performed a comparative genomic analysis with the related entities, lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas without monoclonal immunoglobulin M protein, marginal zone lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Overall, WM shows a very stable karyotype and shares most of the chromosomal abnormalities with most of the indolent B-cell malignancies. Trisomy 4 is unique to WM; however, no candidate genes have been identified in the chromosome. Abnormalities that affect myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) - interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways were found in a significant proportion of WM cases, which suggest their relevance in the pathogenesis of the disease and opening new avenues that may be a guide to design novel therapeutic approaches.