cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cryo-compressed hydrogen storage

Abstract This chapter discusses the concept of storing cryo-compressed hydrogen in insulated type-3 carbon fiber wound pressure vessels that can withstand cryogenic temperatures and moderate pressures up to 250–350 atm. An integrated thermodynamics, heat transfer, and isomer conversion kinetics model is developed to evaluate the dynamics of refueling, discharge, dormancy, and storage capacity of cryo-compressed vessels. The analysis covers refueling with pumped liquid or compressed H2, and includes H2 storage as a single-phase supercritical cryo-compressed gas or two-phase liquid–gas mixture. A representative H2 production, liquefaction, delivery, and storage scenario is evaluated to determine the overall well-to-tank efficiency.
Drug Interactions—Friend or Foe?

An explosion of knowledge about interactions of drugs with other drugs and with foods threatens to inundate clinicians. This review provides a better understanding of the cytochrome P450 system with a focus on those enzymes most involved in drug metabolism. Emphasis is placed on antidepressant medications, how they are metabolized by the P450 system, and how they alter the metabolism of other drugs. The role of antidepressants in precipitating the serotonin syndrome is also discussed.
Vitamin Supplements and Squab Production

Abstract INTRODUCTION THE ration used almost exclusively in the commercial squab industry consists of whole grains and peas plus a grit and mineral mixture. Although such rations allow fairly good reproduction, they are not well supplied with certain vitamins that are known to be important for reproduction in the fowl. Many ingredients have been added to the grit and mineral mixture, most of which are of dubious value as indicated by the limited experiment of Platt (1951). However, no reports on the value in squab production of nutrients commonly considered important for other types of poultry have appeared in the literature. EXPERIMENTAL Three strains of commercial White King pigeons differing in age and production characteristics were used. Strain A consisted of old birds producing large squabs at a relatively low rate. Strain B consisted of young birds which had come into production two months prior to the start of the feeding …
A probe into nuclear events during the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: studies of folded chromosomes in cdc mutants which arrest in G1.

The sedimentation behavior of folded chromosomes from celldivision-cycle (cdc) mutants which arrest in g1 was examined. At the restrictive temperature the folded genome of cdc 7, which arrests after spindle pole body (SPB) separation and spindle formation, cosediments with a standard g1 structure, indicating that by the cdc 7 step the g1 form of the folded genome has been assembled. In the mutant, cdc 4, which arrests before SPB separation but after SPB duplication, a standard g1 structure is not formed, cdc 4 cells, however, are able to enter G0 at the restrictive temperature, and the corresponding g0 structure is stable. These results indicate that the cdc 4 gene product may be involved in the development of folded genome conformation which leads to the g1 structure. Since the cdc 4 gene product is required for SPB separation, the g1 structure may be defined by an association between chromosomes and spindle components. The folded chromosomes of the “start” mutants cdc 25 and cdc 28 are unstable at the restrictive temperature. In contrast to cdc 4, neither cdc 25 nor cdc 28 are able to enter the G0 stage in a normal manner, i.e., the g0 structure is unstable at the restrictive temperature. The inference is that both the cdc 25 and cdc 28 gene products are required for the functional integrity of the folded genome at both a stage early in G1 and in the pathway to G0.
Translumbar amputation: the longest survivor--a case update.

Background Translumbar amputation, known also as hemicorporectomy, was first described by Kredel but was not performed until 10 years later in 1960. It appears that 44 such operations have been reported but probably several others remain unpublished. Methods The operation has been performed in 44 reported patients over the past 30 years in more or less the same fashion. Most have been done as a one-stage procedure, but the author favors laparotomy and maturation of urinary and fecal diversions before doing the amputation about two weeks later. Results Overhydration caused the death of the first three patients. This problem was avoided in the Memorial Sloan-Kettering patients by careful monitoring of central venous pressure. There were no operative deaths, but 8 of the 44 patients died within a month. Survival of cancer patients has not been good, but those with benign lesions have survived fairly well. Conclusion This case is remarkable in that, despite a rapidly advancing cancer of the bladder, the patient lived for over 28 years. It is gratifying to see that other surgeons and patients have not abandoned this most radical of all operations when no other therapy can preserve life.
Pain is Associated with Missed Clinic Visits Among HIV-Positive Women

Pain is highly prevalent among HIV-positive individuals, with women representing a large subset of those with pain. However, little is known about the relationship between pain and retention in HIV medical care. Among a cohort of HIV-positive women of color, we evaluated the association between pain and retention in care, as measured by missed clinic visits. The Health Resources and Services Administration's Women of Color Initiative was a multi-site observational cohort study evaluating demonstration projects to engage HIV-positive women in medical care. From November 2010 to July 2013, 921 women were enrolled in the study across nine U.S. sites; baseline interviews collected data on socio-demographic, clinical, and risk behavior characteristics. Pain was assessed at baseline based on number of days in pain over the last 30 days and was categorized as no pain (0 days), infrequent pain (1-13 days), and frequent pain (14-30 days), with 14 days being the median. Missed visits over the one-year follow-up period, evaluated by chart abstraction, were dichotomized as ≤1 missed visit versus >1 missed visit. We conducted multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between pain at baseline and missed visits, adjusting for pertinent covariates. Among our sample (N = 862), 52.2 % of women reported no pain, 23.7 % reported infrequent pain and 24.1 % reported frequent pain. Forty-five percent had >1 missed visit during the one-year follow-up period. Overall, we did not find a significant association between pain and missed visits (aOR 2.30; 95 % CI 1.00-5.25). However, in planned stratified analyses, among women reporting current substance use at baseline, reporting frequent pain was associated with a higher odds of missed visits as compared with reporting no pain (aOR 15.14; 95 % CI 1.78-128.88). In our overall sample, pain was not significantly associated with missed visits. However, frequent pain was associated with missed visits among HIV-positive women of color who reported substance use at baseline. A better understanding of the relationship between pain and missed visits could guide efforts to improve retention in care in this population.
Caffeine Does Not Reduce Blood Flow Following Arterial Anastomosis in the Rat

Background Patients are usually advised not to consume caffeine following digital replantation. This study examined the effect of caffeine on blood flow distal to the site of anastomosis in the femoral arteries of rats. Methods A total of 28 Sprague–Dawley rats were used for this study. The femoral arteries were exposed bilaterally and baseline blood volume flow measurements were taken on intact arteries using a transit time flow-meter probe. All rats underwent transection and microvascular anastomosis of the femoral artery on the right side while the left side remained intact to serve as a control. The rats were then divided into two groups. In group 1, caffeine was administered (intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg caffeine/kg of body weight dissolved in saline) and in group 2 no caffeine was given. In both the groups, bilateral flow measurements were then taken at 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, following completion of the anastomosis. Results All anastomoses remained patent during the study time period. Caffeine had no statistical effect on blood flow distal to the anastomosis. Both anastomosed and control arteries demonstrated a statistically significant increase in blood flow at 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, postanastomosis that was independent of caffeine administration. Conclusions Caffeine does not have a statistically significant effect on blood flow distal to the anastomosis following microsurgical repair of the rat femoral artery.
Cultural Heritage and Germanness

Battles over preservation in the mid-1990s were strongly informed by earlier conditions in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and developments surrounding the revolution of 1989. Although the GDR leadership periodically endorsed historic preservation efforts, particularly in the early 1950s and again in the 1970s and 1980s, its planning policies led to expansive decay and destruction in historic urban centers. Crumbling facades, demolished historic buildings, and the dreary high-rise apartments that replaced them came to symbolize the regime’s own degeneration and thus occupied an important place in East Germans’ long list of grievances against the state. Hartmut Hausermann (1996:219–20) goes as far as to describe frustration with the decline of historic towns as a principal motivation for the uprising of 1989. With the fall of the Berlin Wall, preservation activists in Eisenach and many other eastern cities involved themselves directly in the struggle to reform the GDR. And like most other East Germans, preservation activists later welcomed unification with optimism, expecting that prosperity and democracy would allow them to remake Eisenach in its former image. The degree of empowerment and hope they felt in the midst of the Wende stands in direct proportion to their current sense of betrayal and frustration.
Coercive Consent and Digital Health Information

Most of us who access healthcare in the USA expect to receive a pile of forms when we check in at the front desks of our doctors’ offices. As patients, we often do not give a second thought to the type of contractual and transactional relationship with our doctors, nurses, with the entire healthcare industry that we are consenting to when we seek out healthcare. Do we enter into an equitable relationship or is it, by nature of the institution, always asymmetrical? We walk into the clinic and we know the drill; we are very familiar with the rituals in which we are required to participate. This humble detective is no different.
Chapter Eight: Cosmopolitan Worldliness

An emerging cosmopolitan worldliness has always been coterminous with the project of colonial modernity upon which nations were being formed and in conversation or contestation with colonialism invariably articulated themselves. That worldliness, from which a renewed pact with history is today enabled, has always existed in multivariate forms, but it becomes more evident in moments of large-scale social crisis—a military coup, a war, a revolution, and so on—when the nation retrieves and reactivates its aesthetic intuition of transcendence. Dominant ideologies like Islamism, anticolonial nationalism, or Third World socialism have always been at once enabling and misleading. My principal argument has always been, and still remains, that all these ideologies, including those that posited themselves as “secular” as opposed to “Islamic,” were in fact the side effects, the by-products, and even unanticipated consequences of colonialism, and thus paradoxically colonial in their nature and disposition. All these ideologies were invented in combative conversation and contestation with and against a colonial modernity, a colonizing interlocutor that code-named itself, and was thus called, “the West.” In the age of globalized capital, that “West” has imploded, so that dialogical modus operandi that had paradoxically enabled it has been dissolved. The center cannot hold, and instead of mere anarchy, we in fact have retrieved the multiple worlds that have existed before “the West” covered them up. The task today is to theorize and articulate those already evident worlds, for it is upon their normative and moral topography that nations reassert themselves.
Understanding the Cautions and Contraindications of Immunomodulator and Biologic Therapies for Use in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases for which there are no cures. These diseases are immunopathogenic, and medical treatment is centered on the temperance of a dysregulated immune response to allow mucosal healing and prevent the sequelae of fistulation and stenosis. Accordingly, the armamentarium of medications, which has expanded immensely in recent history, is not without significant infectious and neoplastic risks. Many of these untoward effects can be mitigated by screening and avoidance of contraindicated medications. This review seeks to highlight the cautions for use of immunomodulators, anticytokine, and α4-integrin antagonists. The potential adverse events are further complicated by substantial heterogeneity in disease phenotype in the inflammatory bowel disease population. Large patient registries and databases provide considerable experience and knowledge to calculate the incidence of safety outcomes. To identify rarer outcomes after prolonged therapy, more prospective studies and continued adverse event reporting will aid safe application and minimize potential harms.
Running out of STEM: a comparative study across STEM majors of college students at-risk of dropping out early

Higher education institutions in the United States and across the Western world face a critical problem of attrition of college students and this problem is particularly acute within the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields. Students are especially vulnerable in the initial years of their academic programs; more than 60% of the dropouts occur in the first two years. Therefore, early identification of at-risk students is crucial for a focused intervention if institutions are to support students towards completion. In this paper we developed and evaluated a survival analysis framework for the early identification of students at the risk of dropping out. We compared the performance of survival analysis approaches to other machine learning approaches including logistic regression, decision trees and boosting. The proposed methods show good performance for early prediction of at-risk students and are also able to predict when a student will dropout with high accuracy. We performed a comparative analysis of nine different majors with varying levels of academic rigor, challenge and student body. This study enables advisors and university administrators to intervene in advance to improve student retention.
Rhabdomyolysis – an unrecognized adverse effect of Levetiracetam (P6.226)

Objective: A case report of Levetiracetam-induced rhabdomyolysis Background: Rhabdomyolysis is an adverse event of several medications, the most popular being statins but also various other drugs. Levetiracetam has not been known to cause rhabdomyolysis, with only three other cases reported to date. Design/Methods: Case Report Results: A 27 year-old African American man presented with acute lft temporal intracranial hemorrhage and two brief episodes of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. He recovered rapidly after intravenous Ativan 1 mg and Levetiracetam 1000 mg were given. Serum creatine kinase (CK) level after the first dose of Levetiracetam was elevated at 718 U/L (normal 30 – 220 U/L), which was initially felt due to muscle breakdown from his motor seizure. Levetiracetam was continued at 1000 mg twice daily. 8 hours after the second dose, serum CK increased to 7,600 U/L. Urine myoglobin was elevated at 6 mg/L (normal 0 – 1 mg/L). Aside from intravenous fluids, stool softener, and prophylactic subcutaneous heparin no other medications were given. As CK levels continued to rise, Levetiracetam was stopped after a total of six doses. CK levels reached a peak level of 49,500 U/L 48 hours after discontinuation of Levetiracetam and then began to decline rapidly. He had a normal neurological exam. There was no history of recent trauma, prior history of muscle weakness, myalgias, rhabdomyolysis, or personal or family history of neuromuscular disorder. Serum CK dropped to 3,400 U/L on discharge and returned to normal (98 U/L) 40 days later. Conclusions: The absence of muscle trauma, other medication use, metabolic derangement, or infection, and the normalization of serum CK after Levetiracetam was withdrawn strongly suggest that the rhabdomyolysis was caused by Levetiracetam. This case illustrates a hardly known side effect of Levetiracetam that can easily be missed and can entail serious complications. Disclosure: Dr. Bernatowicz has nothing to disclose. Dr. Li has nothing to disclose.
A perceptual study of cross-linguistic influence on vocal fry use in women exposed to two languages

Cross-linguistic influence has been observed across all domains of language. However, nothing is known about the role of cross-linguistic influence in bilingual speakers’ use of vocal fry. Several ...
Attorney Negligence and Negligent Spoliation: The Need For New Tools to Prompt Attorney Competence in Preservation

Though case law typically suggests otherwise, attorney negligence is the primary cause of negligent spoliation of evidence. With the advent of ediscovery, it became markedly more difficult for attorneys to competently guide their clients through the steps necessary to preserve evidence – particularly the categories of evidence most likely to help an opponent in a case. Unlike intentional spoliation instigated by an attorney, negligent spoliation is not the product of calculation. If an attorney were to undertake a cost-benefit analysis, negligent spoliation would not be a rational choice. The field of behavioral legal ethics provides insight into other reasons attorneys fail to develop competence in this area. Some attorneys may have a self-interested motive in taking a less than competent approach to preservation. For others, partisan bias may cause them to misjudge the evidence to be preserved or the effort necessary to do it. Whatever the causes, the usual disincentives to attorney negligence are absent in this area: malpractice liability, sanctions, and professional discipline are all unlikely in this setting. With an understanding of the current causes of negligent spoliation, this Article proposes new ways that rule-makers, opposing attorneys, and judges can apply pressure to encourage attorney competence in preservation. A Federal Rule of Civil Procedure requiring the initial disclosure of preservation efforts may prompt attorneys to act competently to preserve information at the beginning of the case. Even in the absence of such a rule, opposing attorneys and judges can communicate expectations to attorneys that may encourage competence and discourage negligent spoliation.
T. S. Eliot and the Art of Collaboration: A conversation about “the longest poem in the English langwidge”: Pound, Eliot, and The Waste Land

In March of 1922, T. S. Eliot wrote Ezra Pound to solicit his assistance in launching The Criterion , the influential quarterly Eliot eventually edited for over sixteen years. Eliot envisioned the journal as a vehicle that would allow for the collective articulation of the modernist program, yet with a decidedly internationalist slant: the same week he posted the Pound letter, Eliot contacted both Valery Larbaud and Hermann Hesse seeking contributions for the review. In this regard, he was following the lead of Pound, who had earlier understood the importance of trying to unite modernism's work under the umbrella of a single publication, like Scofield Thayer's Dial . Pound had always conceived of modernism as a collaborative affair, which is why he was so amazed upon first reading Eliot's early work to learn that the poet had seemingly developed without the assistance of other members of the circle. Because Pound simply could not comprehend modernism as anything but a shared experience, he expressed surprise to Harriet Monroe that Eliot had “actually trained himself and modernized himself on his own ” ( L 40). Collaboration gave weight to individual literary works by highlighting their association with a collective body. It was this approach that Eliot sought for his own project, for collaboration possessed the major advantage of allowing Eliot to maintain exclusive control over the content and direction of the message.
The Mesoscale Structure of Extratropical Cyclones and Middle and High Clouds

Abstract The first half of Chapter 10 begins with an introduction to the synoptic features of extratropical cyclones, after which the focus is on the properties and processes of various mesoscale features associated with extratropical cyclones. These include rainbands, snowbands, orographic influences, precipitation cores and gaps, split fronts, cold fronts aloft, gravity wave effects and lake effect storms. Polar lows are also described. In the second half of this chapter, the characteristics and processes of middle- and high-level clouds, many of which are often associated with extratropical cyclones, are examined, including their microphysical and radiative properties and the impacts of aerosol indirect forcing on these cloud types.
See Repose Run: Setting the Boundaries of the Rule of Repose in Environmental Trespass and Nuisance Cases

Application of the rule of repose to environmental contamination claims for trespass and nuisance will preclude recovery for plaintiffs who discover the harm or injury outside the repose period. The rule of repose is subject neither to the discovery rule or other equitable tolling devices and runs from the date of the defendant’s culpable conduct. As a consequence, the rule extinguishes claims regardless of accrual of the cause of action. Environmental plaintiffs suffering property damage are particularly vulnerable to the repose bar as harm can occur over many years through the migration of unseen contaminants. Operation of the rule of repose within the construct of trespass and nuisance law, which includes the doctrine of continuing trespass or nuisance, offers an opportunity for environmental plaintiffs who can demonstrate a continuing course of conduct to circumvent the repose bar without subverting the rule’s primary purpose of bringing certainty to stale claims.2 Key, however, is the identification of the defendant’s act which will trigger the running of the rule. This Article analyzes several different points at which the defendant may be said to have acted in both singular and continuing conduct and the impact on both the plaintiff and the repose period. The Article proposes that continuing tort theory can help to rebalance the equities between plaintiffs and defendants, and opens the door to a more rational expansion of the pool of resources dedicated to the costs associated with environmental contamination. The young man knows the rules, but the older man knows the exception. –Oliver Wendell Holmes4 * Samford University, jeevans@samford.edu. 1 RESTATEMENT (SECOND) OF TORTS § 899(g) (1979). 2 See Albert C. Lin, Application of the Continuing Violation Doctrine to Environmental Law, 23 ECOLOGY L.Q. 723, 729, 755–56 (1996). 3 Id. at 729. 4 Across the Editor’s Desk, 2 AM. J. MED. JURIS. 140 (Feb. 1939).
Techno-economic viability of silicon-based tandem photovoltaic modules in the United States

Tandem photovoltaic modules with silicon bottom cells offer a promising route to exceed the single-junction photovoltaic efficiency limit and further lower the levelized cost of solar electricity. However, it is unclear whether continued improvements in efficiency will render tandem modules cost-competitive with their two constituent sub-cells, and with silicon technology in particular. Here, we construct a simple and versatile techno-economic model that, for a given balance-of-systems scenario, calculates the tandem module efficiency and cost from assumed sub-cell module efficiencies and costs. To understand which input conditions are likely to be representative of the future photovoltaic market, we calculate learning rates for both module and area-related balance-of-system costs, and find that the slower learning rate of the latter means that high-efficiency tandems will become increasingly attractive. Further, in the residential market in 2020, the model indicates that top-cell modules could cost up to US$100 m–2—over twice that of the projected silicon module cost—and the associated tandem module would be cost-competitive if its energy yield, degradation rate, service life and financing terms are similar to those of silicon. One way to overcome the theoretical efficiency limit of silicon photovoltaics is to use them as the bottom cell in a tandem photovoltaic module. Here a model for tandem module efficiency and cost is presented, based on assumed sub-cell efficiencies and costs, and used to examine possible paths for different tandem markets.
Interferon-α-induced cytoplasmic MxA structures in hepatoma Huh7 and primary endothelial cells

Aim of the study Interferon (IFN)-α is now established as a treatment modality in various human cancers. The IFN-α-inducible human "myxovirus resistance protein A" (MxA) is a cytoplasmic dynamin-family large GTPase primarily characterized for its broad-spectrum antiviral activity and, more recently, for its anti-tumor and anti-metastasis effects. We characterized the association of IFN-α-induced MxA with cytoplasmic structures in human Huh7 cancer cells and in primary endothelial cells. Material and methods We re-evaluated the long-standing inference that MxA associated with the smooth ER using double-label immunofluorescence techniques and the ER structural protein RTN4 as a marker for smooth ER in IFN-α-treated cells. We also evaluated the relationship of exogenously expressed HA-MxA and GFP-MxA with mitochondria, and characterized cytoplasmic GFP-MxA structures using correlated light and electron microscopy (CLEM). Results and conclusions We discovered that IFN-α-induced endogenous MxA associated with variably-sized endosome-like and reticular cytoplasmic structures which were distinct from the ER. Thin-section EM studies of GFP-MxA expressing Huh7 cells showed that GFP-MxA formed variably-sized clusters of vesiculotubular elements to form endosome-like "MxA bodies". Many of these clusters stretched out alongside cytoskeletal elements to give the appearance of a cytoplasmic "MxA reticulum". This MxA meshwork was distinct from but adjacent to mitochondria. GFP-MxA expressing Huh7 cells showed reduced MitoTracker uptake and swollen mitochondria by thin-section EM. The new data identify cytoplasmic MxA structures as novel organelles, and suggest cross-talk between MxA structures and mitochondria that might account for the increased anti-tumoral efficacy of IFN-α combined with ligands that activate other pattern-sensing receptor pathways.
Carbon footprint of self-selected US diets: nutritional, demographic, and behavioral correlates

BACKGROUND A substantial portion of greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) has been attributed to the food sector, but little is known about the association between the carbon footprint of individual self-selected diets in the United States and nutritional quality. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to assess the GHGE from individual self-selected diets in the United States and examine their association with nutritional quality of the diets, demographic patterns, and food-related behaviors. METHODS The dietary GHGE from US adults (>18 y, N = 16,800) in the 2005-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were calculated by linking all foods consumed in their 24-h recall diets to our new database of food environmental impacts. Diets were ranked by GHGE/1000 kcal. Those in the top and bottom quintiles were compared on the US Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and on the amounts of specific nutrients known to be under- or overconsumed in the US population. Demographic and behavioral variables from the NHANES were also correlated to these dietary carbon footprints. RESULTS Diets in the bottom quintile accounted for one-fifth the total emissions (GHGE/1000 kcal) of those in the top quintile, yet had significantly higher (P < 0.001) HEI scores by 2.3 ± 0.7 points on a 100-point scale. These low-GHGE diets contained higher amounts of fiber and vitamin E and lower amounts of sodium and saturated fats, whereas high-GHGE diets contained higher amounts of vitamins A and D, choline, calcium, iron, and potassium. Low-GHGE diets had less meat, dairy, and solid fats, and more poultry, plant protein foods, oils, whole and refined grains, and added sugars. CONCLUSIONS Food patterns responsible for lower GHGE had a better overall diet quality and were more nutritious on several key dimensions, although not all. These results can inform dietary guidance and other policies that seek to address the goals of improved dietary intakes and reduced food-related emissions.
Putting the Public Back in Public Education: Community Advocacy and Education Leadership under the Every Student Succeeds Act:

In this article, we argue that ESSA provides a unique policy window for district-level leaders to advance an equity agenda by working closely with local community advocates. Drawing from a larger q...
Perfectionism and Social Problem Solving as Predictors of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Ethnoracially Diverse College Students: Findings Controlling for Concomitant Suicide Risk

The present study was designed to examine the extent to which perfectionism and social problem solving add to the prediction model of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), independent of suicide risk, in a sample of 386 ethnoracially diverse college students. Moreover, the authors were interested in whether social problem solving, beyond perfectionism, would account for additional variance in their prediction model. Results indicated that social problem solving did account for significant variance in the prediction model of NSSI, above and beyond perfectionism. Moreover, on controlling for suicide risk, a possible confound for NSSI behaviors, social problem solving was found to account for an additional 4.0 percent of unique variance in the prediction of NSSI, beyond that accounted for by perfectionism. The present findings have theoretical implications for the literature on perfectionism and social problem solving, specifically in relation to NSSI. In addition, the present findings have practical implications for social workers who work with college students engaging in NSSI behaviors.
Utilization of Hospital Room Hospitality Features on Patient-Controlled Tablet Computers: Cohort Study.

Author(s): Zhao, Beiqun; Tai-Seale, Ming; Longhurst, Christopher; Clay, Brian | Abstract: BackgroundPatient portals tethered to electronic health records can improve patient experience, activation, and outcomes. However, adoption of inpatient portals has been challenging. One way to potentially increase inpatient portal usage is to integrate it with a room control (RC) app on a common tablet computer.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of patient usage of an RC app provided on tablet computers in patient rooms of our new inpatient tower.MethodsWe identified all patients who were admitted for g24 hours to our new inpatient tower over a 90-day period from September 1 to November 30, 2017. After excluding newborn patients from our analysis, we then identified patients who used the RC app at least one time during their admission. We linked these data to patient demographics (including age, sex, and race) and admitting service. We then performed univariable and multivariable logistic regression to assess patterns of RC app usage.ResultsA total of 3411 patients were admitted over the course of the study period; 2242/3411 (65.73%) used the RC app during their hospitalization. Compared with white patients, other/mixed/unknown race and Asian, Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, American Indian race were significantly associated with increased use of the RC app in a multivariable analysis. Increasing age was significantly associated with increased usage of the RC app. Usage of the RC app also varied by admitting services. Compared with general medicine, bone marrow transplant and general surgery patients had increased usage of the RC app. Conversely, critical care, medical specialties, neurology, surgical subspecialties, and obstetrics/gynecology were all associated with decreased usage of the RC app.ConclusionsOur study shows that one-third of patients are not using the RC app for critical room functions. Future initiatives to increase RC usage should take these populations into consideration. Contrary to common belief, older patients may use tablet-enabled RCs just as often, if not more often, than younger patients. Certain admitting services, such as neurology and surgical subspecialties, may have had lower usage rates owing to accessibility issues. Our study allows hospitals to tailor support for specific patient populations to increase RC app usage.
THU0300 IMPACT OF VASCULAR ULTRASOUND ON EVALUATION OF GIANT CELL ARTERITIS AMONG 503 PATIENTS IN AN ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER

Background As vascular ultrasound (VUS) is increasingly used in evaluation of giant cell arteritis (GCA), its impact on clinical care is of great interest. Objectives To describe utilization of VUS in GCA evaluation at a large academic medical center and investigate impact of VUS on clinical impression. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent VUS at a single center in Boston, 2013-2017, to evaluate suspected or known GCA. Trained cardiovascular ultrasound technicians used a standardized protocol to image the temporal, carotid, subclavian, and axillary arteries for presence of hypoechoic circumferential wall thickening (halo sign), hyperechoic wall thickening, stenosis, and occlusion. VUS images were interpreted by trained cardiovascular medicine physicians as consistent with acute arteritis (“acute”), no evidence of arteritis (“none”), or hyperechoic wall thickening without halo sign (“hyperechoic”). Demographic, laboratory, medication, pathology and clinical data including the treating physician’s clinical suspicion for GCA pre- and post-VUS were obtained by electronic medical record review. Fisher’s exact test and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests compared baseline characteristics among patients with VUS positive for acute arteritis (“acute”) vs. negative for acute arteritis (“none” or “hyperechoic”). We compared the treating physician’s pre- and post-VUS clinical suspicion for GCA among patients with no history of GCA or aortitis. Results We identified 503 patients with median age 70.4 years; 69.0% were female and 87.5% White. VUS interpretation was acute in 48 patients (9.5%), none in 427 (84.9%), and hyperechoic in 28 (5.6%). Baseline characteristics are presented in Table 1. Weight loss, cranial symptoms, higher ESR, and steroid use were more common in patients with VUS positive for acute arteritis. Change in the treating physician’s clinical suspicion for GCA is shown in Figure 1. VUS positive for acute arteritis increased suspicion for GCA in 26/35 (74%) cases, and VUS negative for acute arteritis lowered suspicion for GCA in 303/396 (77%). Of 110 patients with a temporal artery biopsy after VUS, 16 (14.6%) biopsies showed active arteritis; 11 of these were in patients with VUS negative for acute arteritis. Conclusion VUS result changed the clinical suspicion for GCA in approximately 75% of patients in this large cohort. Presented as% or median (interquartile range). CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; GCA: giant cell arteritis; PMR: polymyalgia rheumatica; TA: temporal artery; VUS: vascular ultrasound. NS: not significant. *Among 418 patients with CRP and 370 with ESR checked within 3 weeks before VUS **p=0.046 Disclosure of Interests None declared
On the efficiency of self-protection with spillovers in risk

Investments in self-protection technologies such as vaccines, prophylactics, or smoke detectors often have positive externalities—with the benefits of such investments spilling over onto others by reducing the levels of risk they face. The availability of insurance contracts can exacerbate the inefficiencies associated with these risk spillovers, as purchasing a formal insurance contract substitutes for an individual’s self-protection efforts, but does not induce any of the positive spillovers associated with those efforts. Using a simple model of the insurance and self-protection decisions for a market of individuals with heterogeneous self-protection costs and risk spillovers, we show that competitive insurance markets and markets served by a perfectly price discriminating monopolist always feature overinsurance and underinvestment in self-protection relative to socially efficient levels. Markets served by a non-price-discriminating monopolist, on the other hand, may feature socially efficient levels of insurance and self-protection, and, if they do not, can feature either underinvestment or overinvestment in self-protection.
P189 The Readiness of Health Clinics to Partner with the SNAP-Ed Program on Nutrition Support Implementation

Background The national SNAP-Ed Evaluation Framework encourages program implementers to assess the readiness of potential partner sites as a short-term outcome. The readiness of health clinics to partner with the program is an understudied area, though, this setting on the surface seems ripe for partnership based on the alignment of clinic and SNAP-Ed priorities and efforts to prevent chronic diet-related disease. Objective This study assessed the readiness of clinics in South Carolina to implement evidenced-based nutrition support strategies in partnership with the SNAP-Ed program. Study Design, Settings, Participants Clinics across the state were sent an interest flyer to participate in a readiness assessment, resulting in a positive response from 15 clinics. An interview guide was created based on the readiness framework: R (readiness) = M (motivation) C2 (general and innovation-specific capacities) that explored overall clinic readiness to partner with the SNAP-Ed program and the readiness to implement 12 nutrition support strategies conductive to a clinic setting. Measurable Outcome/Analysis Interview transcripts were analyzed based on the R = MC2 framework to identify the readiness of health clinics to partner with the SNAP-Ed program on nutrition support implementation, in general, and to implement the 12 nutrition support strategies, specifically. Capacity-building needs were also captured. Results All clinics demonstrated a high level of motivation and capacity to partner with the SNAP-Ed program (e.g., strong staff and leadership buy-in; mission and values alignment). Clinics were most interested in screening patients for food insecurity and referring them to resources for nutrition (n = 14) and providing produce prescriptions (n = 14). The main capacity-building needs identified included finding community partners for referrals and funding for providing coupons with produce prescriptions. Conclusion Health clinics could serve as an untapped setting for SNAP-Ed programming nationally to reach medically disadvantaged populations. Implementers should work to identify ready clinics and help them build capacity for nutrition support implementation. Funding USDA.
Establishing Criteria for High Ability versus Selective Admission to Gifted Programs: Implications for Policy and Practice

Admission to gifted programs involves identification, which entails theories of intelligence. Unfortunately, limited resources and space availability often take precedence over theory and educational philosophy in the admission process. Three selective gifted programs are used as examples of how theories of intelligence, driven by individual program philosophies, can be used as bases of admission within the practical limitations of each. The Cisco A. Carter Gifted Early Education Program identifies inner-city preschoolers for both general intelligence and specific skills. The Julliard Pre-College Program selects participants based on a specific skill. Hunter College Elementary School screens for general intellectual giftedness. Issues such as age of identification, underrepresented populations, and gifted children with diverse abilities and needs also are addressed.
How Have Craniofacial Injuries Changed in Adult Bicyclists Over the Past 10 Years

Purpose As bicycling popularity grows in the United States, it becomes increasingly important to understand and characterize bicycle-related injuries. In this study, we sought to characterize craniofacial injuries in adult cyclists and to evaluate trends in injuries over the past 10 years. Materials and Methods In this retrospective cohort study, the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System was queried for bicycle-related craniofacial injuries in adults aged 18 to 64 years from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2017. Variables examined included demographic characteristics, diagnosis, patient disposition, and change in number of injuries and age-adjusted incidence of injuries from 2008 to 2017. Linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate trends in injuries over time, with statistical significance set at P Results There were an estimated 573,305 visits to emergency departments across the United States for bicycle-related craniofacial injuries from 2008 to 2017. Male patients (75%), patients aged 18 to 24 years (25%), and white patients (54%) were injured most commonly. The population-adjusted incidence of total injuries increased by 22% from 2008 to 2017 (P = .13). The rates of traumatic brain injury and craniofacial fractures rose by 50% (P = .06) and 63% (P Conclusions Bicycle-related trauma remains a public health concern, with a steady number of craniofacial injuries presenting to emergency departments across the United States during the past 10 years. Injuries have increased for adults aged 55 to 64 years, and there has been a rise in more severe injuries including traumatic brain injury and craniofacial fractures.
In praise of cultural comparisons: Abiola Irele’s contributions as a cosmopolitan, multi-lingual Africanist

This essay examines Abiola Irele's career as a multi-lingual cosmopolitan intellectual. This eminent Nigerian literary critic is shown to have bridged some cultural gaps between francophone and ang...
Ruling the Law: Legitimacy and Failure in Latin American Legal Systems

The North-South global divide is as much about perception and prejudice as it is about economic disparities. Latin America is no less ruled by hegemonic misrepresentations of its national legal systems. The European image of its laws mostly upholds legal legitimacy and international comity. By contrast, diagnoses of excessive legal formalism, an extraordinary gap between law and action, inappropriate European transplants, elite control, pervasive inefficiencies, and massive corruption call for wholesale law reform. Misrepresented to the level of becoming fictions, these ideas nevertheless have profound influence on US foreign policy, international agency programs, private disputes, and academic research. Jorge L. Esquirol identifies their materialization in global governance - mostly undermining Latin American states in legal geopolitics - and their deployment by private parties in transnational litigation and international arbitration. Bringing unrelenting legal realism to comparative law, this study explores new questions in international relations, focusing on the power dynamics among national legal systems.
Minimal model for a hydrodynamic fingering instability in microroller suspensions

A simple continuum model to study the fingering instability in systems of micro-particles rotating parallel to a floor is developed. Analytical results are in agreement with the simulations and experiments, and are used to extract the physical mechanisms that trigger the instability.
PanoNet3D: Combining Semantic and Geometric Understanding for LiDAR Point Cloud Detection

Visual data in autonomous driving perception, such as camera image and LiDAR point cloud, can be interpreted as a mixture of two aspects: semantic feature and geometric structure. Semantics come from the appearance and context of objects to the sensor, while geometric structure is the actual 3D shape of point clouds. Most detectors on LiDAR point clouds focus only on analyzing the geometric structure of objects in real 3D space. Unlike previous works, we propose to learn both semantic feature and geometric structure via a unified multi-view framework. Our method exploits the nature of LiDAR scans – 2D range images, and applies well-studied 2D convolutions to extract semantic features. By fusing semantic and geometric features, our method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in all categories by a large margin. The methodology of combining semantic and geometric features provides a unique perspective of looking at the problems in real-world 3D point cloud detection.
Sex Moderates the Relationship Between Nausea Severity and Heart Rate Variability in Adolescents and Young Adults

Nausea is a common complaint among children and is particularly prevalent in children with functional abdominal pain (FAP), with nearly half of children with FAP also endorsing nausea. Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which can be indexed by heart rate variability (HRV), leads to abnormalities in gastric electrical activity that are associated with GI symptoms. To evaluate that relationship between nausea severity and HRV in adolescents and young adults with a history of FAP and to assess for sex differences. Participants were pediatric patients with a diagnosis of FAP who were recruited from a pediatric GI clinic between 1993 and 2007 for a prospective study of the course of FAP. Study analyses focused on the cross-sectional relationship between HRV, indexed by standard deviation of the R–R interval (SDRRI) and high-frequency (HF) power, and nausea severity collected during a follow-up visit in late adolescence and young adulthood. Controlling for age and BMI, a significant nausea by sex interaction emerged for both SDRRI and HF power. Tests of conditional effects of nausea by sex showed that the inverse relation between nausea severity and both SDRRI and HF was significant for females but not for males. This is the first study to evaluate the relationship between nausea severity and HRV. Greater nausea severity was associated with lower HRV in females but not in males. Further validation of these results may provide insight into novel treatment approaches for females with nausea that target vagal tone.