cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rock magnetic evidence for inclination shallowing in the early Carboniferous Deer Lake Group red beds of western Newfoundland

SUMMARY A paleomagnetic and rock magnetic study of the Carboniferous Deer Lake Group red beds of Newfoundland was performed to detect and correct for inclination shallowing. Results indicate a primary remanence carried by magnetite, with a mean direction of D = 179.7 ◦ , I = 33.7 ◦ , α95 = 7.2 ◦ which corresponds to a paleopole position of 22.2 ◦ N, 122.3 ◦ E,A95 = 7.6 ◦ . Correcting the inclination using anisotropy of anhysteretic remanence and the measured individual particle anisotropy gives a corrected direction of D = 178.8 ◦ , I = 50.9 ◦ , α95 = 6.3 ◦ corresponding to a paleopole position at 8.4 ◦ N, 122.7 ◦ E, A95 = 7.2 ◦ . This correction is larger than that of other red beds from the Maritime Provinces of Canada, but is consistent with paleoenvironmental reconstructions, placing North America in a more arid climate zone. Our inclination-corrected results have important implications for this portion of North America’s apparent polar wander path and suggest a correction is needed for other red bed-derived APWPs. We have determined the range of flattening factors f , defined as the proportionality constant between the tangents of the measured (I m) and field (I o) inclinations, tan(I m) = f tan(I 0), from this study and previous inclination correction studies to estimate inclination corrections. Using the range of haematite f factors observed in this study to correct the Neogene red bed inclinations from the Vall` es-Pened` es Basin (NE Spain) yields inclinations consistent with the known geomagnetic field inclination in the Neogene, thus indicating that the range of f factors reported here may be used to estimate the magnitude of inclination shallowing in red beds.
PharmGKB submission update: IV. PMT submissions of genetic variations in ATP-Binding cassette transporters to the PharmGKB network.

Category: genotype Project: Pharmacogenetics of Membrane Transporters [Table 1][1] provides HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) symbols, PharmGKB submission URLs, submission dates, and release dates. [Table 2][2] provides HGNC symbols, HGNC names, synonyms, GenBank accession numbers, and locus
Design Derivatives of Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions for Self-Adjoint Distributed Parameter Systems

In this paper, analytic expressions are obtained for the design derivatives of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of self-adjoint linear distributed parameter systems. Explicit treatment of boundary conditions is avoided by casting the eigenvalue equation into integral form. Results are expressed in terms of the linear operators defining the eigenvalue problem, and are therefore quite general. Sufficiency conditions appropriate to structural op- timization of eigenvalues are obtained. ERIVATIVES of eigenvalues and eigenvectors with respect to the design parameters are useful, if not essen- tial, for design sensitivity and structural optimization studies. In one of the earlier works to address this question, Fox and Kapoor1 restrict their discussion to self-adjoint discrete systems. Plaut and Huseyin2 extend this approach to non-self-adjoint discrete systems by treating the associated adjoint eigenvalue problem. For distributed parameter systems, design derivatives of eigenvalues were first encountered in optimization studies. Prager and Taylor3 generalized several earlier studies4'5 using Rayleigh's principle. This approach, however, is not suitable for determining the design derivative of eigenfunctions, or for calculating higher order derivatives of eigenvalues. Finally, Rayleigh's principle is not appropriate for the determina- tion of conditions, necessary or sufficient, to ensure the ex- istence of the design derivatives of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. The foregoing considerations were recently addressed by Haug and Rousselet6 using a functional analysis approach. In this paper, a relatively simple method is used to determine explicit results for the design derivatives of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Self-adjoint operator equations are cast into their integral form using Green's function. Since the design derivative of Green's functional is explicitly known,7 it is a straightforward matter to differentiate the eigenvalue equa- tion with respect to the design parameters to obtain an equa- tion for the variations of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. The solution to this equation is explicitly obtained by recognizing that the eigenfunctions form a complete set.
HEMOGLOBIN ABSORPTION BY THE CELLS OF THE PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE IN MOUSE KIDNEY

The formation of protein absorption droplets in the cells of the proximal convolution was studied in mouse kidney. Ox hemoglobin was administered intraperitoneally and kidney specimens were collected at intervals of 30 minutes to 4 days after injection. In the lumen of the nephron, hemoglobin was concentrated to an opaque mass whose relations with the brush border and the epithelium could be easily followed. It was found that hemoglobin passes through the brush border in between the microvilli, enters the channels of tubular invaginations at the bases of the brush border, and is transported in bulk into vacuoles in the intermediate cell zone. These vacuoles increase in size and are transformed through further concentration into dense absorption droplets. Using the opaque hemoglobin content of the nephron as a tracer, functional continuity of the system of the tubular invaginations with the lumen on one side and the vacuoles on the other was demonstrated. Mitochondria lie closely apposed to vacuoles and droplets, but are not primarily involved in droplet formation. 15 hours after injection and later, ferritin and systems of layered membranes become visible in the droplets as their density decreases. These membranes are interpreted as lipoprotein membranes; similar membranes are found in the lumen of the tubuli. It is suggested that phospholipids enter into the vacuoles together with hemoglobin from the tubular lumen and form membrane systems of lipoproteins in the droplets. At 3 to 4 days the droplets contain aggregates of ferritin, and the iron reaction becomes positive in the tubule cells. No significant changes were found in the Golgi apparatus or in the microbodies during hemoglobin absorption. At all time points investigated, the terminal bars seal the intercellular spaces against penetration by hemoglobin in the proximal and distal convolutions and in the collecting ducts.
Square-well diatomics Exact low density results

Exact semi-analytical expressions are obtained for the zero density site-site distribution function and the second virial coefficient for homonuclear square-well diatomics. The diatomic molecules considered here are composed of two fused square-well spheres with hard core diameter σ, well diameter λσ, and dimer bond length L, such that 0<Lˇ-σ and 1ˇ-λˇ-1+L/σ. Very accurate, although approximate, analytical expressions are also given for these functions.
The New Environmental Politics and Its Antecedents: Lessons from the Early Twentieth Century South

In the waning days of the 2008 presidential election, Michael Pollan, a professor of journalism at the University of California, Berkeley, and probably the best known proponent of the so‐called “fo...
Employment funding for intellectual/developmental disability systems

Funding is a central tool for improving the quality and range of employment service options. While outcome-based funding models are more common in the Vocational Rehabilitation system, there is a need for funding structures in intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) service systems that signal a clear preference for high-quality, cost-effective integrated employmentoutcomes.Inanenvironmentofincreasingfiscaldemandsandlimitations,andexpansionofself-directedservicesand individualized budgeting, state IDD systems must engage in rate-setting and funding discussions that are rooted in their priorities and long-term goals. This paper explores rate-setting methodologies, rate structures, and incentives for integrated employment, and the relationship between funding, policies, and priorities. A detailed analysis within five states yields lessons for other state IDD systems as they contend with evolving funding structures that respond to fiscal pressures and demands. Implications include the need for funding to be seamless, goal-focused, and connected to and consistent with larger systems strategies.
Religion and Interracial Romance: The Effects of Religious Affiliation, Public and Devotional Practices, and Biblical Literalism†

Objective This study examines how religious affiliations, salience, beliefs, and practices influence engagement in interracial dating or romance. Methods Bivariate and multivariate analyses are employed using data from the 2007 Baylor Religion Survey (N = 1,268). Logistic regression models are estimated in order to determine how certain dimensions of religious life predict whether one has engaged in interracial dating or romance, net of sociodemographic and ideological controls. Results Relative to evangelicals, mainline Protestants are less likely to have engaged in interracial romance. Those who frequently attend church and affirm biblical literalism are less likely to have dated across race, but those who engage in devotional practices such as prayer and sacred text reading are more likely to have interracialy dated. Conclusion The relationship between religion and interracial romance is more complex than previously thought. Future studies should both acknowledge and account for this complexity in their analyses.
Erosion in southern Tibet shut down at ∼10 Ma due to enhanced rock uplift within the Himalaya

Exhumation of the southern Tibetan plateau margin reflects interplay between surface and lithospheric dynamics within the Himalaya–Tibet orogen. We report thermochronometric data from a 1.2-km elevation transect within granitoids of the eastern Lhasa terrane, southern Tibet, which indicate rapid exhumation exceeding 1 km/Ma from 17–16 to 12–11 Ma followed by very slow exhumation to the present. We hypothesize that these changes in exhumation occurred in response to changes in the loci and rate of rock uplift and the resulting southward shift of the main topographic and drainage divides from within the Lhasa terrane to their current positions within the Himalaya. At ∼17 Ma, steep erosive drainage networks would have flowed across the Himalaya and greater amounts of moisture would have advected into the Lhasa terrane to drive large-scale erosional exhumation. As convergence thickened and widened the Himalaya, the orographic barrier to precipitation in southern Tibet terrane would have strengthened. Previously documented midcrustal duplexing around 10 Ma generated a zone of high rock uplift within the Himalaya. We use numerical simulations as a conceptual tool to highlight how a zone of high rock uplift could have defeated transverse drainage networks, resulting in substantial drainage reorganization. When combined with a strengthening orographic barrier to precipitation, this drainage reorganization would have driven the sharp reduction in exhumation rate we observe in southern Tibet.
Improving SVM Classification on Imbalanced Data Sets in Distance Spaces

Imbalanced data sets present a particular challenge to the data mining community. Often, it is the rare event that is of interest and the cost of misclassifying the rare event is higher than misclassifying the usual event. When the data is highly skewed toward the usual, it can be very difficult for a learning system to accurately detect the rare event. There have been many approaches in recent years for handling imbalanced data sets, from under-sampling the majority class to adding synthetic points to the minority class in feature space. Distances between time series are known to be non-Euclidean and nonmetric, since comparing time series requires warping in time. This fact makes it impossible to apply standard methods like SMOTE to insert synthetic data points in feature spaces. We present an innovative approach that augments the minority class by adding synthetic points in distance spaces. We then use Support Vector Machines for classification. Our experimental results on standard time series show that our synthetic points significantly improve the classification rate of the rare events, and in many cases also improves the overall accuracy of SVM.
Epigenetic inactivation of VGF associated with Urothelial Cell Carcinoma and its potential as a non-invasive biomarker using urine.

// Masamichi Hayashi 1,* , Heike Bernert 1,2,* , Luciane Tsukamoto Kagohara 1 , Leonel Maldonado 1,3 , Mariana Brait 1 , Mark Schoenberg 4 , Trinity Bivalacqua 4 , George J Netto 4,5,6 , Wayne Koch 1 , David Sidransky 1 , Mohammad O. Hoque 1,4,6 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 2 Department of Pathobiology, The University of Tennessee, The College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. 3 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics-Gynecologic Specialties, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 4 Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 5 Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 6 Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. * The Authors Contributed equally Correspondence: Mohammad Obaidul Hoque, email: // Keywords : UCC, Epigenetics, Biomarker, Methylation Received : February 28, 2014 Accepted : May 6, 2014 Published : May 7, 2014 Abstract Background: To identify new epigenetic markers and further characterize Urothelial Cell Carcinoma (UCC), we tested the promoter methylation (PM) status of 19 genes previously identified as cancer specific methylated genes in other solid tumors. Methods: We used bisulfite sequencing, methylation specific PCR and quantitative methylation specific PCR (QMSP) to test the PM status of 19 genes in urothelial cancer cell lines. Results: Among the 19 genes tested, VGF was found to be completely methylated in several UCC cell lines. VGF QMSP analysis showed that methylation values of almost all the primary 19 UCC tissues were higher than the paired normal tissues (P=0.009). In another cohort, 12/35 (34.3%) of low grade UCC cases displayed VGF methylation. As a biomarker for non-invasive detection of UCC, VGF showed a significantly higher frequency of methylation in urine from UCC cases (8/20) compared to controls (1/20) (P=0.020). After treatment of cell lines with 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine, VGF was robustly re-expressed. Forced expression of VGF in bladder cancer cell lines inhibited cell growth. Conclusion: Selection of candidates from genome-wide screening approach in other solid tumors successfully identified UCC specific methylated genes.
A thalamic reticular networking model of consciousness.

It is reasonable to consider the thalamus a primary candidate for the location of consciousness, given that the thalamus has been referred to as the gateway of nearly all sensory inputs to the corresponding cortical areas. Interestingly, in an early stage of brain development, communicative innervations between the dorsal thalamus and telencephalon must pass through the ventral thalamus, the major derivative of which is the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). The TRN occupies a striking control position in the brain, sending inhibitory axons back to the thalamus, roughly to the same region where they receive afferents. The present study hypothesizes that the TRN plays a pivotal role in dynamic attention by controlling thalamocortical synchronization. The TRN is thus viewed as a functional networking filter to regulate conscious perception, which is possibly embedded in thalamocortical networks. Based on the anatomical structures and connections, modality-specific sectors of the TRN and the thalamus appear to be responsible for modality-specific perceptual representation. Furthermore, the coarsely overlapped topographic maps of the TRN appear to be associated with cross-modal or unitary conscious awareness. Throughout the latticework structure of the TRN, conscious perception could be accomplished and elaborated through accumulating intercommunicative processing across the first-order input signal and the higher-order signals from its functionally associated cortices. As the higher-order relay signals run cumulatively through the relevant thalamocortical loops, conscious awareness becomes more refined and sophisticated. I propose that the thalamocortical integrative communication across first- and higher-order information circuits and repeated feedback looping may account for our conscious awareness. This TRN-modulation hypothesis for conscious awareness provides a comprehensive rationale regarding previously reported psychological phenomena and neurological symptoms such as blindsight, neglect, the priming effect, the threshold/duration problem, and TRN-impairment resembling coma. This hypothesis can be tested by neurosurgical investigations of thalamocortical loops via the TRN, while simultaneously evaluating the degree to which conscious perception depends on the severity of impairment in a TRN-modulated network.
The Essence of Virtuality: Exploring the Digital Body

This “think piece” explores the definitional possibilities of “body”—that is, what is a body and how should we understand it, especially in light of the recent emergence of virtual bodies. To this end, the author employs an essentialist framework for understanding: Is the body reducible to some fundamental essence or substance, something common to all bodies? To what extent does a definition of body extend to virtual bodies? These questions (and others) are posited, and the author invites readers to consider the manifold issues engendered by such reflection.
Influence of Indium Addition on Whisker Mitigation in Electroplated Tin Coatings on Copper Substrates

Among many factors that influence whisker nucleation and growth in electroplated tin, it is now well established that small additions of Pb leads to whisker mitigation. To date, a good non-toxic elemental alternative to Pb that would mitigate whiskers remains elusive. In this work, a 50–100 nm In electroplated layer was incorporated into a 1-μm-thick electroplated Sn on a pure Cu substrate. In order to permit diffusion of In into Sn, heat treatments (HTs) between 125°C and 160°C were performed. The diffusion profile of In was altered by varying the dwell times of the HT and by utilizing two variants of In layer deposition, namely, (1) electroplating In at the top of the Sn plating, and (2) by sandwiching the In plating between two Sn layers, each approximately 500 nm thick. Appropriate control samples of pure Sn were utilized to permit valid data on the influence of In on whisker mitigation. Indium additions reduced whisker growth by at least two orders of magnitude following the 160°C treatment, independent of the location of the In layer. X-ray microanalysis of a focused ion beam cross section of the sandwich plating confirmed that In had indeed diffused into the Sn through the 160°C HT and was a likely reason for the mitigation of Sn whiskers.
Bilateral traumatic bone cyst of the mandible. A case report.

Abstract A case of bilateral traumatic bone cyst of the mandible is presented in which a different method of treatment for each side was tried. The results are discussed
Epsilon globin gene expression in developing human fetal tissues.

OBJECTIVE The discovery of free fetal DNA in plasma of pregnant women has opened a new avenue for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. We hypothesized that epsilon (ɛ)-globin gene expression could serve as a positive control for the presence of fetal nucleic acid. STUDY DESIGN We measured ɛ-globin mRNA in human fetal tissues and compared concentrations with that measured in adult non-pregnant and pregnant samples. Total RNA was isolated from fetal marrow, liver, blood, and placenta (10-24 weeks gestation), from adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and from maternal plasma. RNA was reverse transcribed and quantitative polymerase chain reaction performed for ɛ-globin expression. RESULTS ɛ-globin gene expression was detected in all fetal samples, was detected in plasma of pregnant women, but was negligible in non-pregnant samples. Relative ɛ-globin gene expression was significantly greater in fetal blood compared to fetal liver, and was minimally expressed in placenta. ɛ-globin gene expression decreased at the highest gestational ages in fetal blood, while expression was greatest at 15-19 weeks in fetal marrow. CONCLUSION Fetal ɛ-globin gene expression is significantly greater than adult expression and is increased in maternal plasma compared to non-pregnant samples. ɛ-globin gene expression might serve as a positive control when determining the presence of fetal nucleic acid in total nucleic acid isolated from maternal plasma.
State-Society Relations after the 'Arab Spring': Egyptian Workers and Minorities

State-society relations have seen significant upheaval in Egypt in the wake of the Arab uprisings of 2011. This paper examines the struggle over the labor movement and the status of minority groups, specifically the Coptic Orthodox minority and the Nubian community. In each of these issue areas, I argue that changes at the regime level since 2011 have had considerable effects on the processes of change that have been unleashed with the uprising of 2011, but that these processes are specific to state–society relations within these issue areas and not reducible to regime-level outcomes. Across these otherwise unrelated issue areas I argue that parallel sets of dynamics have been at work, owing to institutional legacies from the pre-2011 period. In the cases of the workers’ movements and the Coptic Orthodox minority, a legacy of neocorporatism has meant that these dynamics have been marked by 1) the struggle for control over the institutional legacies of the Mubarak period, and 2) a parallel mobilization of movements within each population that vie to break the respective elite monopoly over group representation vis-a-vis the state. Within the case of the Nubian community, on the other hand, low levels of incorporation and institutionalization did not prevent the community from making an unexepected breakthrough in the highly corporatist constitutional revision process of 2013.
Analysis on the Causes of HIV/AIDS Occupational Exposure and Protection Measures for Medical Staff

OBJECTIVES Discuss medical personnel face high risk factors of HIVAIDS occupational exposure and emphasis on occupational exposure on prevention;explore nurses on HTVAIDS itself protection measures,improve the medical staff of HIV occupational exposure protection consciousness,the risk of HIV infection,to ensure that medical staff occupational safety.METHODS To investigate the cause of IS HTVAIDS occupational exposure and process analysis in 2008,2009 and 2011;take the questionnaire survey of ISO medical staff in the occupational exposure protection knowledge of investigation.RESULTS Protection consciousness is not strong,work experience is insufficient,rigorous safety education training is lack,necessary protection facilities is lack,etc.CONCLUSIONS Strengthen medical personnel safety operation and AIDS knowledge training of occupational protection,avoid medical staff by reason of sharp injury and their own skin damaged by HIV infection;accurate and timely evaluation and effective rational drug use is one of the important measures to avoid occupational exposure to HIV infection.Comply with the standard prevention principle and strict protective measures are needed to reduce or even eliminate the status quo of medical staff infected with HIV.
Rubber Modification of Plastics

Publisher Summary This chapter provides an overview on the rubber modification of plastics that includes a chemical method of achieving improved toughness, elongation of fracture, ductility, or enhanced propensity to yield. The focus is kept on rubber modification by polyblend approach. Also, the chapter gives a brief description of the use of thin layers of soft polymers, encapsulating fibers, or mineral fillers. The mechanism of rubber toughening is categorized into various theories, such as energy absorption by rubber particles, ductility enhanced, shear yielding and crack termination, stress distribution and relief, and craze termination and prevention of crack propagation. The coefficient of thermal expansion of rubbery polymers is considerably higher than that of the glassy polymers in which they are dispersed. Such polyblends are usually formed or molded at temperatures significantly higher than those at which they are used, and the cooling process results in radial tension. The chapter also highlights properties of particular systems, such as cross-linked amorphous glasses, crystalline and amorphous polymers, and semi crystalline polymers of low glass temperature.
Extension of Health Span and Life Span in Drosophila by S107 Requires the calstabin Homologue FK506-BP2.

Abstract The accumulation of oxidative damage is strongly linked to age-dependent declines in cell function, but the contribution of oxidative damage to morbidity is still debated. Many organisms seem to tolerate oxidative damage, and the extension of health span and life span by augmenting antioxidant activity has been inconsistent. Here we use the Drosophila model system to investigate the relationship among oxidative stress, health span, and life span. The oxidation-dependent dissociation of the Calstabin protein from the ryanodine receptor has been shown to result in reduced muscle function in mammals. The S107 molecule is able to reestablish this binding resulting in improved muscle function. We find that S107 is able to restore motor function in aging Drosophila to young levels, and this effect of S107 is absent in calstabin (FK506-BP2) mutants. Interestingly, FK506-BP2 mutant flies have reduced sensitivity to the effects of age and oxidative stress on motor function between 7 and 35 days of age. Muscle expression of FK506-BP2 in FK506-BP2 mutants completely restores the sensitivity of motor function to both age and oxidative stress, supporting the idea that the age-dependent decline in motor function in Drosophila requires FK506-BP2 function within the muscle. Although FK506-BP2 mutant flies are found to have less sensitivity to oxidative stress, FK506-BP2 mutants do not live longer than wild type. These results demonstrate that the deleterious effects of oxidation on motor function early in life are the result of a singular event that does not compromise survival.
Learning to order objects using haptic and proprioceptive exploratory behaviors

This paper proposes a novel framework that enables a robot to learn ordinal object relations. While most related work focuses on classifying objects into discrete categories, such approaches cannot learn object properties (e.g., weight, height, size, etc.) that are context-specific and relative to other objects. To address this problem, we propose that a robot should learn to order objects based on ordinal object relations. In our experiments, the robot explored a set of 32 objects that can be ordered by three properties: height, weight, and width. Next, the robot used unsupervised learning to discover multiple ways that the objects can be ordered based on the haptic and proprioceptive perceptions detected while exploring the objects. Following, the robot's model was presented with labeled object series, allowing it to ground the three ordinal relations in terms of how similar they are to the orders discovered during the unsupervised stage. Finally, the grounded models were used to recognize whether new object series were ordered by any of the three properties as well as to correctly insert additional objects into an existing series.
A Vulgar Art: A New Approach to Stand-Up Comedy. By Ian Brodie. Jackson

A Vulgar Art: A New Approach to Stand-Up Comedy. By Ian Brodie. Jackson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2014. 255 pages. Hardcover, $60.00.Folklorists are often tasked with making sense ...
Adult2Child: dynamic scaling laws to create child-like motion

Child characters are widely used in animations and games; however, child motion capture databases are less easily available than those involving adult actors. Previous studies have shown that there is a perceivable difference in adult and child motion based on point light displays, so it may not be appropriate to just use adult motion data on child characters. Due to the costs associated with motion capture of child actors, it would be beneficial if we could create a child motion corpus by translating adult motion into child-like motion. Previous works have proposed dynamic scaling laws to transfer motion from one character to its scaled version. In this paper, we conduct a perception study to understand if this procedure can be applied to translate adult motion into child-like motion. Viewers were shown three types of point light display videos: adult motion, child motion, and dynamically scaled adult motion and asked to identify if the translated motion belongs to a child or an adult. We found that the use of dynamic scaling led to an increase in the number of people identifying the motion as belonging to a child compared to the original adult motion. Our findings suggest that although the dynamic scaling method is not a final solution to translate adult motion into child-like motion, it is nevertheless an intermediate step in the right direction. To better illustrate the original and dynamically scaled motions for the purposes of this paper, we rendered the dynamically scaled motion on an androgynous manikin character.
The Dark Side of Transformational Leader Behaviors for Leaders Themselves: A Conservation of Resources Perspective

The vast majority of theory and research to date on transformational leadership has focused on how transformational leader behaviors influence followers, portraying those behaviors as unequivocally...
Correlation of IMP3 expression and survival in metastatic renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid features (SmRCC).

e15569 Background: SmRCC is a rare variant of RCC associated with poor outcome. No definitive treatments exist. Expression of IMP3, a member of insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA binding protein, h...
Radiation Modeling for Reentry of Hayabusa Sample Return Capsule

Predicted shock-layer emission signatures during the reentry of the Japanese Hayabusa capsule are presented and compared with flight measurements conducted during an airborne observation mission in...
Risk of falls and fractures in older adults using antipsychotic agents: a propensity-matched retrospective cohort study.

Background Antipsychotics, especially atypical agents, are widely used in the elderly population to treat behavioural and psychiatric symptoms. Very few studies have compared the risk of falls and fractures among older adults using typical and atypical agents and none of the studies have evaluated differential risk across antipsychotic classes. Objective To examine the risk of falls and fractures associated with atypical antipsychotic use and typical antipsychotic use in community-dwelling older adults in the US. Methods The study involved a retrospective population-based cohort design matched on propensity scores involving older adults (aged ≥50 years) using atypical or typical antipsychotic agents in the IMS LifeLink™ Health Plan Claims Database. Patients taking atypical antipsychotics were matched with patients taking typical antipsychotics using the Greedy 5 → 1 matching technique. The study evaluated the relative risk of hospitalization/emergency room (ER) visits due to falls/fractures in a 1-year follow-up period, and patients treated with atypical antipsychotics were compared with those treated with typical antipsychotics using the Cox proportional-hazards regression model stratified on matched pairs. The covariates adjusted for in the regression model included duration of therapy and exposure to other psychotropic medications that increase the risk of falls and fractures. Results From July 2000 to December 2007, 11160 (5580 atypical and 5580 typical) users of antipsychotics were obtained after matching on propensity scores. A total of 825 cases of falls/fractures with at least one hospitalization/ER visit following the use of antipsychotic agents were identified. The number of cases with falls/fractures was 450 in atypical antipsychotic users and 375 in typical antipsychotic users. Cox regression model analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between atypical users and typical users with respect to risk of falls/fractures (hazard ratio [HR] 1.01; 95% CI 0.83, 1.22). However, duration of therapy with any antipsychotic medication for >90 days was significantly (HR 1.81; CI 1.35, 2.43) associated with increased risk of falls/fractures compared with <30 days of treatment. Conclusions No statistically significant difference was found between atypical antipsychotic agents and typical antipsychotic agents with regards to the likelihood of falls/fractures in a large cohort of older adults. However, there is a need to be cautious while prescribing atypical and typical antipsychotics in older adults for long periods of time.
Automated Behavioral Modeling and Pattern Analysis of Children with Autism in a Joint Attention Training Application: A Preliminary Study

Although recent research works have highlighted and demonstrated the applicability of the activity and behavioral pattern analysis mechanisms in offering early windows of opportunities in the assessment and intervention for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the computational cost and sophistication of such behavioral modeling systems might prevent these automatic and semi-automatic systems from deploying, which might in turn restrict its actual use. As such, in this paper, we proposed an easily deployable automatic system to train joint attention (JA) skills, characterizing and evaluating JA and reciprocity patterns (i.e. the frequency and degree of reciprocity, initiating and responding to JA bids). Our proposed approach is different from most of earlier attempts in that we do not capitalize the sophisticated feature-space construction methodology; instead, the simple designs and in-game automatic data collection offers hassle-free benefits for such individuals as special education teachers and parents to use in both classrooms and at homes.
A Bayesian filtering approach to layer stripping for electrical impedance tomography

Layer stripping is a method for solving inverse boundary value problems for elliptic PDEs, originally proposed in the literature for solving the Calder\'{o}n problem of electrical impedance tomography (EIT), where the data consist of the Neumann-to-Dirichlet operator on the boundary. Defining a tangent-normal coordinate system near the boundary, the data are extended to a family of boundary operators on tangential surfaces inside the body, and it is shown that the operators satisfy a non-linear Riccati type differential equation with respect to the normal coordinate. The layer stripping process consists of a sequences of two alternating steps: The conductivity near the current boundary is estimated from the spatial high-frequency limit of the boundary data, and the boundary operator is propagated through a thin layer further into the domain via the Riccati equation. This way, the unknown conductivity in the interior of the domain is estimated layer by layer starting from the boundary and moving inward. The ill-posedness of the EIT problem manifest itself in such high sensitivity of the backwards Riccati equation to errors in the boundary data to cause the solutions to blow up in finite time, thus requiring regularization. In this article, we formulate the layer stripping process in the framework of Bayesian inverse problems, and we revisit the implementation in the light of Bayesian filtering. More specifically, we recast the related inverse boundary value problem as a state estimation problem, and propose an algorithm for its numerical solution based on Ensemble Kalman Filtering (EnKF). The new Bayesian layer stripping approach that we propose is quite robust, derivative-free and intrinsically suited for the quantification of uncertainties in the estimate. Furthermore, we show that the algorithm can be extended to realistic data collected by using a finite number of contact electrodes.
Si-based materials for lithium-ion batteries VIII. 90% surface-modified Si/C-lithiated polyacrylic acid electrode

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyze a 90% Si/C-lithiated polyacrylic acid electrode fabricated at the Cell Analysis, Modeling, and Prototyping Facility (CAMP), Argonne National Laboratory. The spectra were obtained using incident monochromatic Al Kα radiation at 1486.6 eV (0.834 01 nm). An initial survey spectrum together with O 1s, C 1s, and Si 2p are presented. A final survey spectrum was collected to ascertain the amount of beam-induced damage, which appears to be minimal. The spectra indicate the principal core level photoelectron and Auger electron signals with only minor lithium signal and show the expected silicon-carbon species related to the surface modification process in addition to oxidized carbon and silicon due to atmospheric exposure as well contributions related to the binder material.
Exploring Coach–Teacher Interactions Within a Practice-Based Coaching Partnership:

Professional development (PD), which includes coaching, has demonstrated the capacity to affect preschool teachers’ use of evidence-based practices. The present study explored how coaches facilitat...
Three-dimensional scaffold-free microtissues engineered for cardiac repair

Cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI), persist as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The limited regenerative capacity of the myocardium presents significant challenges specifically for the treatment of MI and, subsequently, heart failure (HF). Traditional therapeutic approaches mainly rely on limiting the induced damage or the stress on the remaining viable myocardium through pharmacological regulation of remodeling mechanisms, rather than replacement or regeneration of the injured tissue. The emerging alternative regenerative medicine-based approaches have focused on restoring the damaged myocardial tissue with newly engineered functional and bioinspired tissue units. Cardiac regenerative medicine approaches can be broadly categorized into three groups: cell-based therapies, scaffold-based cardiac tissue engineering, and scaffold-free cardiac tissue engineering. Despite significant advancements, however, the clinical translation of these approaches has been critically hindered by two key obstacles for successful structural and functional replacement of the damaged myocardium, namely: poor engraftment of engineered tissue into the damaged cardiac muscle and weak electromechanical coupling of transplanted cells with the native tissue. To that end, the integration of micro- and nanoscale technologies along with recent advancements in stem cell technologies have opened new avenues for engineering of structurally mature and highly functional scaffold-based (SB-CMTs) and scaffold-free cardiac microtissues (SF-CMTs) with enhanced cellular organization and electromechanical coupling for the treatment of MI and HF. In this review article, we will present the state-of-the-art approaches and recent advancements in the engineering of SF-CMTs for myocardial repair.
Durability of GFRP reinforcing bars in seawater concrete

Abstract This paper presents an experimental study that investigated the durability performance of unstressed glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars embedded in concrete mixed with seawater (seawater concrete). GFRP bars were extracted from concrete elements made with two different seawater concrete mix designs and exposed to different environmental conditions for 1, 6, 12, and 24 months. The concrete samples’ exposure environments consisted of typical field conditions of a subtropical region and seawater at 60 °C as an accelerated aging method. The mechanical test results of GFRP bars are reported in residual capacities of tensile strength, longitudinal elastic modulus, transverse shear strength, and apparent horizontal shear strength. Furthermore, the physical evaluations are in terms of glass transition temperature (Tg) and microstructural integrity through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Among all tested properties, tensile strength was the most affected by environmental conditioning. Based on an exponential degradation model, the long-term prediction of the tensile strength capacity was on average 92% under typical field exposure and 72% under the more aggressive conditioning (seawater at 60 °C).
Heavy noble gas signatures of the North Atlantic Popping Rock 2ΠD43: Implications for mantle noble gas heterogeneity

Abstract Heavy noble gas (Ne, Ar, Xe) isotopic compositions provide powerful constraints on the nature of mantle heterogeneities. The North Atlantic popping rock sample 2ΠD43 is unusually gas-rich and has long formed the basis of our understanding of the noble gas composition of the mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) mantle source. Here we present new high-precision He, Ne, Ar and Xe isotopic compositions as well as He, Ne, Ar and Xe abundances measured in a split of the 2ΠD43 sample. After correcting the measured values for syn- to post-eruptive atmospheric contamination, we estimate a mantle source 21Ne/22Ne of 0.0590 ± 0.0002, 40Ar/36Ar of 23,900 ± 100 and 129Xe/130Xe of 7.41 ± 0.02 for 2ΠD43. Significant regassing of atmospheric Xe into the North Atlantic popping rock mantle source is evident, though differential regassing cannot explain systematic variations between MORB and plume-derived signatures. Rather, the fissiogenic Xe isotope signature of the 2ΠD43 mantle source indicates a greater extent of long-term degassing of the upper mantle relative to the plume mantle to explain heavy noble gas isotopic variations. The popping rock data also add to growing evidence that the MORB mantle differentiated from the reservoir supplying noble gases to plume sources within the first 100 Myr of Earth history, and that the two reservoirs have not been homogenized though 4.45 Ga of mantle convection.
The ethics of writing history in the traumatic afterlife of lynching

‘The Ethics of Writing History in the Traumatic Afterlife of Lynching’ raises questions about the ethical obligations of historians who write about historical traumas like lynching, in particular w...
The impact of pharmaceutical innovation on the longevity and hospitalization of New Zealand cancer patients, 1998-2017.

We investigate whether the cancer sites that experienced more pharmaceutical innovation in New Zealand had larger subsequent declines in premature mortality and hospitalization rates and larger sub...
The Twenty-First Century Art Librarian

* Preface * THE ART LIBRARY PROFESSIONAL * Staffing Standards and Core Competencies in Academic Art and Architecture Departmental Libraries: A Preliminary Study * Managing the Small Art Museum Library * MANAGING AND SERVICING COLLECTIONS IN AN ART AND ARCHITECTURE ENVIRONMENT * Integrating the Digitization of Visual Resources into Library Operations * Management, Public Service, and Access Issues: Serving Special Collections in an Architecture Branch Library * THE BIG PICTURE: COMPARING PRACTICES IN ART LIBRARIES * Patrons, Processes, and the Profession: Comparing the Academic Art Library and the Art Museum Library * Survey of Current Practices in Art and Architecture Libraries * Index * Reference Notes Included
Leveraged Buyouts and Innovation: Enhancing Business Acquisition Outcomes

Many private equity (PE) leveraged buyouts (LBOs) fail financially with a consequent negative impact on their value chain. We examine the influence of PE on innovation in PE LBOs. We provide insight into various factors that impact innovation and determine whether they contribute to acquisition failures. Short-term ownership, management restructuring, management incentive plans, and debt size factors on new product development and innovation are each considered. This article uncovers challenges and opportunities for PE LBO acquisitions. Potential mechanisms for successful financial outcomes are presented for managers and organizations. We present a rigorous, strategic, and systematic platform that highlights three PE engagement phases with an LBO company. This platform includes acquisition, planning, and execution phases. The platform facilitates decision-making and provides guidelines and recommendations to help guide leader focus on innovation to enhance investment and LBO success. These guidelines can also support organizational mergers and acquisitions (M&A) .
Use frequency and symptoms of nicotine dependence among adolescent E-cigarette users: Comparison of JUUL and Non-JUUL users.

Abstract Objective Nicotine exposure among adolescent e-cigarette users remains a public health concern. JUUL, a popular e-cigarette brand among youth, is particularly alarming given the high nicotine delivery (59 mg/mL). This study compares e-cigarette use frequency and symptoms of nicotine dependence among adolescent JUUL and non-JUUL users. Methods We analyzed data from the 2020 National Youth Tobacco Survey. Participants were n = 1713 U.S. middle and high school students who reported past 30-day e-cigarette use. We compared adolescent e-cigarette users who reported JUUL use to those who did not. Outcomes were: (1) symptoms of nicotine dependence (i.e. nicotine cravings; use within 30 min of waking); (2) past 30-day e-cigarette use frequency, categorized as 1–5 days, 6–19 days, and 20–30 days. Covariates were sex, race/ethnicity, other tobacco product use, primary e-cigarette device type (i.e., disposable; pod; mod/tank). Results Overall, 49.5% of adolescent e-cigarette users reported using JUUL in the past 30 days, 40.1% reported symptoms of nicotine dependence, and 36.2% reported using an e-cigarette on 20–30 days. JUUL users were 1.77 (95% CI: 1.36–2.31) times as likely to report symptoms of nicotine dependence and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.02–2.01) time as likely to report using e-cigarettes on 20–30 days, compared to 1–5 days, relative to non-JUUL users, controlling for covariates. Conclusion JUUL use was associated with greater odds of nicotine dependence and more frequent e-cigarette use among adolescents. Greater prevention and regulatory efforts should be made to prevent adolescent use of high dose nicotine devices such as JUUL.
Rethinking Anti-Americanism: The History of an Exceptional Concept in American Foreign Relations

1. Introduction: the myth of anti-Americanism 2. History of a concept 3. Americanism and anti-Americanism 4. The specter haunting Europe: anti-Americanism and the Cold War 5. Bad neighborhood: anti-Americanism and Latin America 6. Myth and consequences: de Gaulle, anti-Americanism, and Vietnam 7. Anti-Americanism in the age of protest 8. Epilogue: the anti-American century?