cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Ankle Joint Prosthetic Replacement: Clinical Performance and Research Challenges

This article presents an up-to-date summary of ankle joint biomechanics and various aspects relevant to the endoprosthetic replacement of this joint (specifically, the tibiotalar articulation) when indicated. These aspects are: the design requirements, choice of materials, and clinical studies involving various designs. The reasons for the disappointing in vivo performance of most ankle implants, to date, are suggested and areas for research and development, aimed at introducing a new generation of these implants, are identified.
Video Conference Based on VoIP MCU Subsystem Design

Based on the VoIP network phone concept as well as the video conference presentations,as well as the VoIP in video conference system has been widely used.MCU video conference is core component,it can be said to be a video conference in the brain,in a video conferencing system,MCU(multipoint control unit) the main function is to coordinate and control the plurality of terminal of video transmission.This article is from the video conference system is the core component of the MCU subsystem of.On the function of the MCU and MCU and VoIP signaling conversion to the design of the system.System in the VC++ 6 development platform,using C/S mode.
Family Splatters: Rescuing Heteronormativity from the Zombie Apocalypse

ABSTRACTAlthough many scholars argue that zombie narratives position the apocalypse as a new way to imagine social relations, recent cinematic and televisual examples of the genre feature the resiliency of the heteronormative nuclear family as the central formation from which a new social world is to spring. By analyzing 21st-century zombie narratives that have been among the most financially successful (e.g., Zombieland; AMC’s The Walking Dead) or innovative (28 Days Later; Shaun of the Dead), this study maps neoliberal ideological representations of heteronormative family relations as a key feature of popular contemporary zombie media. Moreover, these new familial narratives rely on strong female characters who, despite impressive survival skills, consistently embody essentialized feminine difference and ultimately choose to return to a traditional domestic sphere. Overall, we demonstrate why contemporary zombie media has yet to fulfill its potential to radically reimagine social relations in transforma...
Comparing three models of achievement goals: goal orientations, goal standards, and goal complexes

Achievement goal theory (Dweck, 1986) initially characterized mastery goals and performance goals as opposites in a good–bad dualism of student motivation. A later revision (Harackiewicz, Barron, & Elliot, 1998) contended that both goals can provide benefits and be pursued together. Perhaps both frameworks are correct: Their contrasting views may stem from differences in how they define performance goals. The traditional framework favors a goal orientation model in which performance goals entail demonstrating competence (“appearance goals”). The revised framework favors a goal standard model in which performance goals entail outperforming peers (“normative goals”). The present studies test whether the 2 performance goals function differently, each promoting educational outcomes that support its guiding framework’s view of performance goals. These studies also unify the earlier models through the emerging goal complex model, which assumes that the normative goal’s effects depend on students’ reasons for pursuing the goal. University students (Ns = 168 and 160) completed measures of their appearance, normative, and mastery goals; their reasons for pursuing normative goals; and several educational outcomes. When pursued for autonomous reasons (e.g., enjoyment or challenge seeking), normative goals predicted adaptive outcomes (self-efficacy and interest) and also proved more compatible with mastery goals (all ps < .05). However, when pursued for controlling reasons (e.g., rewards), normative goals behaved exactly like appearance goals, each predicting maladaptive outcomes (help avoidance and self-handicapping). These findings help resolve the long-standing debate about performance goals, showcase the goal complex model’s potential as a unifying framework, and unveil multiple new research directions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Experiences with “Flipping” an Introductory Mechanical Design Course

We formally incorporated the “flipped classroom” into our undergraduate mechanical engineering curriculum during the fall of 2013. In addition to a second-year course in mechanics and statics, we also flipped the laboratory portion of a required second-year course in introductory mechanical design taken by over 200 students annually. The CAD modelling portion of the course was delivered in a flipped fashion, in which students applied their SolidWorks knowledge during the weekly two-hour laboratory session. In the “flipped classroom”, face-to-face time is used for application of skills versus the conveyance of facts. To enable this approach, students watched video lectures before class. This course was part of a school-wide initiative to drive active learning, engagement, and deeper learning. We obtained positive results with flipping this course, as perceived by the students, teaching assistants, and instructor. Structured classroom observation revealed many of the ideals of the flipped classroom, including teamwork, peer discussions, active questioning, and problem-solving. Using the Teaching Dimensions Observation Protocol (TDOP), we observed that nearly 100% of the observation segments contained problem-solving with SolidWorks as the TAs circulated and assisted students. This interactive environment aligned with our finding from the College and University Classroom Environment Inventory (CUCEI), in which students rated the Personalization dimension, which assesses student-to-teacher interaction, highest. We benchmarked our CUCEI results against those of STEM classrooms at two other schools. Our direct assessment of learning based on SolidWorks take-home assignments showed statistically equivalent results when comparing the pre-flipped to the flipped course, as have other mechanical engineering studies in the literature. However, during a semi-structured interview, the instructor reflected that students in the flipped class were more sophisticated, proficient SolidWorks users, attributing this to more practice time available with the flipped classroom. Based on student survey data, nearly 60% of respondents preferred using class time for active learning versus listening to a lecture; thus, the majority realized the value of the flipped approach. A content analysis showed the most frequently perceived benefit to be the flexibility associated with video or online learning, as noted by 46% of respondents. The instructor noted that students in the flipped classes displayed greater confidence and interest in SolidWorks compared to students in previous classes. However, the TAs noticed that students were not watching the videos in all cases, necessitating the use of accountability quizzes. Despite some challenges and a lack of statistical significance of the homework results, we considered this to be a successful implementation of the flipped classroom given the level of student engagement. Going forward, flipped instruction will be the teaching and learning format that we plan to use with this course as well as others in the mechanical engineering department.
Finite Element Analysis of Patella Alta: A Patellofemoral Instability Model.

Background This study aims to provide biomechanical data on the effect of patella height in the setting of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction using finite element analysis. The study will also examine patellofemoral joint biomechanics using variable femoral insertion sites for MPFL reconstruction. Methods A previously validated finite element knee model was modified to study patella alta and baja by translating the patella a given distance to achieve each patella height ratio. Additionally, the models were modified to study various femoral insertion sites of the MPFL (anatomic, anterior, proximal, and distal) for each patella height model, resulting in 32 unique scenarios available for investigation. Results In the setting of patella alta, the patellofemoral contact area decreased, resulting in a subsequent increase in maximum patellofemoral contact pressures as compared to the scenarios with normal patellar height. Additionally, patella alta resulted in decreased lateral restraining forces in the native knee scenario as well as following MPFL reconstruction. Changing femoral insertion sites had a variable effect on patellofemoral contact pressures; however, distal and anterior femoral tunnel malpositioning in the setting of patella alta resulted in grossly elevated maximum patellofemoral contact pressures as compared to other scenarios. Conclusions Patella alta after MPFL reconstruction results in decreased lateral restraining forces and patellofemoral contact area and increased maximum patellofemoral contact pressures. When the femoral MPFL tunnel is malpositioned anteriorly or distally on the femur, the maximum patellofemoral contact pressures increase with severity of patella alta. Clinical relevance When evaluating patients with patellofemoral instability, it is important to recognize patella alta as a potential aggravating factor. Failure to address patella alta in the setting of MPFL femoral tunnel malposition may result in even further increases in patellofemoral contact pressures, making it essential to optimize intraoperative techniques to confirm anatomic MPFL femoral tunnel positioning.
Pseudo-Random ALC Syntax Generation

We discuss a tool capable of rapidly generating pseudo-random syntactically valid ALC expression trees [1]. The program is meant to allow a researcher to create large sets of independently valid expressions with a minimum of personal bias for experimentation.
Bildung or development? Rereading George Lamming and W. Arthur Lewis:

This article revisits two “Third World classics” published by West Indians in the UK in the immediate postwar period, George Lamming’s 1953 novel In the Castle of My Skin and the Saint Lucian econo...
APOE-ε4 Genotype is Associated with Elevated Post-Concussion Symptoms in Military Veterans with a Remote History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

OBJECTIVE We evaluated the influence of the APOE-e4 allele on post-concussive symptoms in military Veterans with a remote history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). METHOD Participants (N = 77) were administered neuropsychiatric measures, on average, approximately 5 years following their most recent mTBI and provided a DNA sample for APOE genotyping. Veterans were divided into two groups based on their e4 status (n = 14 e4+, n = 63 e4-). The Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) was the primary outcome measure, from which a total score was derived, as well as three symptom clusters (somatic, cognitive, and affective). RESULTS ANCOVAs showed a significant main effect of e4 genotype on the NSI total score and somatic symptom cluster after adjusting for posttraumatic stress symptoms and mTBI history (p = .019-.028, ηp2 = .064-.073), such that e4+ Veterans endorsed significantly greater symptoms than e4- Veterans. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that genetic risk may help to explain the poorer long-term outcomes often observed in this population.
Between Hamburg and Boston: Frederick Gleason and the Rise of Serial Fiction in the United States

That Frederick Gleason, one of America’s foremost publishers of serialized fiction during the antebellum era, was a native of Hamburg, Germany, has been generally overlooked by scholars. They consequently view his story paper The Flag of Our Union and his illustrated Gleason’s Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion within the contexts of American nationalism and manifest destiny. Yet because Gleason maintained ties to Europe after immigrating, kept abreast of publishing trends there, and took an interest in continental political movements, his output was inevitably marked by cosmopolitanism and cultural hybridity. This chapter argues that given Gleason’s tremendous impact upon US periodical publishing, American-authored serialized fiction was not unfailingly informed by nationalism, but, instead, was receptive to global influences.
Examining income dynamics and externalizing and internalizing trajectories through a developmental psychopathology lens: A nationally representative study

Prior research has documented elevations in levels of internalizing and externalizing behaviors among children in lower income families in comparison to more advantaged peers. However, most studies focus on behavior problems at a single point in time or within a short developmental period. Associations between income dynamics and developmental trajectories of behavior problems over time are less understood. To address this, the current study uses data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (N = 7,476; 50.8% male) to examine how income dynamics (annual income and income volatility) across three distinct developmental periods from early childhood to early adolescence relate to trajectories of externalizing and internalizing problems. Group-based mixture modeling revealed a five-group trajectory model for externalizing behavior and a four-group trajectory model for internalizing behavior. Higher cumulative annual income predicted greater likelihood of belonging to the low-stable group compared to the other, more problematic groups for both externalizing and internalizing trajectories. In addition, income losses predicted higher risk of membership in any group other than the low-stable group for internalizing and externalizing behavior. Developmental period-specific income dynamics, though not as consistent as cumulative dynamics, also predicted trajectory group membership.
GENDER DISPARITIES IN PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS FOR CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSIONS: IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES

The effect of gender on in-hospital outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been well defined. This retrospective observational study was conducted at 5 tertiary care hospitals in New York. Between June 2010 and April 2019, a total of 54,428
Co-occurrence of yeast, streptococci, dental decay, and gingivitis in the post-partum period: results of a longitudinal study.

Objective: The interactions between yeast and streptococci species that lead to dental decay and gingivitis are poorly understood. Our study describes these associations among a cohort of 101 post-...
Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Ventricular Tachycardia

This case features a high density epicardial activation map created during VT demonstrating the classic figure-of-eight model of re-entry. The endocardial activation map did not contain the entire cycle length and highlights the importance of mapping the epicardial surface in patients with NIDCM.
Systems Analysis of Biliary Atresia Through Integration of High-Throughput Biological Data

Biliary atresia (BA), blockage of the proper bile flow due to loss of extrahepatic bile ducts, is a rare, complex disease of the liver and the bile ducts with unknown etiology. Despite ongoing investigations to understand its complex pathogenesis, BA remains the most common cause of liver failure requiring liver transplantation in children. To elucidate underlying mechanisms, we analyzed the different types of high-throughput genomic and transcriptomic data collected from the blood and liver tissue samples of children suffering from BA. Through use of a novel integrative approach, we identified potential biomarkers and over-represented biological functions and pathways to derive a comprehensive network showing the dysfunctional mechanisms associated with BA. One of the pathways highlighted in the integrative network was hypoxia signaling. Perturbation with hypoxia inducible factor activator, dimethyloxalylglycine, induced the biliary defects of BA in a zebrafish model, serving as a validation for our studies. Our approach enables a systems-level understanding of human BA biology that is highlighted by the interaction between key biological functions such as fibrosis, inflammation, immunity, hypoxia, and development.
Associations among parent and teacher ratings of systemizing, vocabulary and executive function in children with autism spectrum disorder

Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show a heightened drive toward systemizing, which is the capability to analyze, or the drive to construct, a rule-based system. In addition, executive function deficits as well as diminished language capacity and vocabulary have been consistently demonstrated in individuals with ASD. The primary purpose of this study was to create a model to understand how these constructs interact in children with ASD. Forty-six children diagnosed with ASD along with their parents and teachers participated. All children completed standardized vocabulary testing. For each child, one parent and one teacher completed executive function and systemizing scales. For parents and teachers, systemizing was significantly associated with vocabulary. For parents, systematizing was significantly associated with all executive function subscales, however, for teachers, systemizing was only significantly associated with half of the executive function subscales. The mediation model indicated that the relationship between vocabulary and systemizing was fully mediated by executive function for parents but the model was not significant for teachers. This model demonstrates that systemizing, vocabulary and executive function should not be studied in isolation when attempting to understand the behaviors of children with ASD and can help us to better plan educational and therapeutic interventions.
The Gang of Six

This chapter continues the discussion of the human brain from Chapter 10. Here we discuss how the associational nature of the brain as a complex network creates in humans foundational worldview theories that shape their lives, social groups, and cultures.
The Alchemy of Slavery: Human Bondage and Emancipation in the Illinois Country, 1730-1865

Review of: The Alchemy of Slavery: Human Bondage and Emancipation in the Illinois Country, 1730–1865, by M. Scott Heerman.
Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness and Potentially Avoidable Transfers.

Objective To determine the association between potentially avoidable transfers (PATs) and emergency department (ED) pediatric readiness scores and the score's associated components. Study design This cross-sectional study linked the 2012 National Pediatric Readiness Project assessment with individual encounter data from California's statewide ED and inpatient databases during the years 2011-2013. A probabilistic linkage, followed by deterministic heuristics, linked pre-transfer and post-transfer encounters. Applying previously published definitions, a transferred child was considered a PAT if they were discharged within one day from the ED or inpatient care and had no specialized procedures. Analyses were stratified by injured and non-injured children. We compared PATs with necessary transfers using mixed-effects logistic regression models with random intercepts for hospital and adjustment for patient and hospital covariates. Results After linkage, there were 6675 injured children (27% PATs) and 18 793 non-injured children (14% PATs) who presented to 283 hospitals. In unadjusted analyses, a ten-point increase in pediatric readiness was associated with lower odds of PATs in both injured (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.90-0.96) and non-injured children (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.88-0.93). In adjusted analyses, a similar association was detected in injured patients (aOR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.98) and was not detected in non-injured patients (aOR: 0.94, 95% CI 0.88-1.00). Components associated with decreased PATs included having a nurse pediatric emergency care coordinator and a quality improvement plan. Conclusions Hospital ED pediatric readiness is associated with lower odds of a PAT. Certain pediatric readiness components are modifiable risk factors that EDs could target to reduce PATs.
A novel modelling and control strategy for a full-wave ZCS quasi-resonant boost converter for a PV-based battery charging system

In this paper, a novel modelling and control strategy is proposed for a DC-DC quasi-resonant boost converter utilised in a photovoltaic-based (PV-based) battery charging system. The MOSFET switch of the boost converter is operated at zero current using a resonant tank, providing soft-switching functionality, to reduce the switching losses experienced by conventional boost converters. The principles of operation of the utilised converter are analysed in detail and a characteristic function representing the model of quasi-resonant converter circuit is derived. This model is then used to design and implement a frequency control technique, which will maintain a constant DC voltage at the output stage of the converter to charge the battery. Simulation studies are conducted using MATLAB Simscape toolbox to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller. Simulation results validate the soft-switching functionality of the converter and its ability to reach and maintain the desired output voltage for charging a battery load in the presence of varying input voltage generated by a PV system with intermittent nature.
Mucins limit the antitumor activity of 5FU against human pancreatic cancer

3218 Introduction: Mucins are heavily O-glycosylated glycoproteins expressed on apical surface of normal epithelial cells. In cancer cells mucins are overexpressed along the entire cell surface. Clinical studies show a correlation between overexpression of MUC1 mucin and poor survival rates of pancreatic cancer patients. Treatment of pancreatic cancer with chemotherapy has shown limited clinical success. The infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) along with radiation has been the mainstay in treatment of pancreatic cancer. In this study we seek to investigate whether the inhibition of mucin O-glycosylation in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma can enhance response to 5FU therapy. Methods: The human pancreatic cancer cell lines Capan-1, HPAF-II were maintained in their respective growth media. MUC1 expression levels were determined using fluorescence and DIC microscopy. Nontoxic concentration of benzyl-α-GalNAc (inhibitor of O-glycosylation) was determined 72 h following exposure of cells to reagent. The effect of inhibiting O-glycosylation on 5FU cytotoxicity was determined by exposing cells to benzyl-α-GalNAc for 48 h followed by 5FU treatment. MUC1 levels in tumors were determined by immunohistochemistry. Intratumoral injections of benzyl-α-GalNAc were administered to inhibit O-glycosylation in tumors. 5FU was administered intravenously (125 mg/kg). Animal bodyweight and tumor volumes were monitored during the experiment. Results: Human pancreatic cancer cells revealed high and moderate MUC1 levels for Capan-1 and HPAF-II respectively. The exposure of Capan-1 and HPAF-II cells to benzyl-α-GalNAc for 72 h revealed a maximum non-toxic concentration of 0.4 and 0.8 mg/ml respectively. Normal cell proliferation and morphology were not altered 24, 48 and 72 h post removal of inhibitor. We observed significantly higher association of Capan-1 and HPAF-II cells to anti-MUC1 antibody (CD227) compared to control cells when pretreated with inhibitor (*P≤0.001). Pretreatment also enhanced 5FU activity. Capan-1 viability reduced from 65 to 54% (*P≤0.001) whereas HPAF-II viability lowered from 77 to 56% (*P≤0.001). Immunohistochemical staining revealed high MUC1 levels in Capan-1 compared to HPAF-II tumors. Intratumoral injections of inhibitor reduced MUC1 O-glycosylation in tumor cells. Pretreatment of Capan-1 tumors with inhibitor followed by 5FU resulted in significantly lower tumor volumes (*P≤0.05) as compared 5FU treatment alone. Conclusions: Our studies show high levels of MUC1 expression on Capan-1 compared to moderate levels on HPAF-II cells. Inhibition of MUC1 O-glycosylation was achieved in vitro and in vivo by exposure to benzyl-α-GalNAc. Inhibition of mucin O-glycosylation enhanced the therapeutic activity of 5FU in both cellular and tumor models of pancreatic cancer. Our experimental findings suggest that overexpression of mucins by human pancreatic tumors may limit the effectiveness of chemotherapy.
Adverse childhood experiences among females in substance use treatment and their children: A pilot study

Abstract Women with substance use disorder (SUD) often have experienced adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). The intergenerational nature of ACEs also put their children at risk for experiencing ACEs. However, no research has explored the prevalence of ACEs in children whose mothers have SUD. This study assessed ACE scores in mothers with SUD and their children and compared them with non-SUD participants. Females with SUD were recruited from a treatment center (n = 50) and compared to females without SUD from the same area (n = 50). The ACE scores of the participants and their children were measured as well as sociodemographic variables. ANOVA and Fisher’s Exact tests were used to examine univariate differences. Multivariate regression models assessed the difference in ACE scores between the groups and their children and the relationship between maternal and child ACE scores while including sociodemographic confounders. The mean ACE score was significantly higher in SUD participants (4.9, SD = 2.9) when compared to non-SUD participants (1.9, SD = 2.0) after controlling for sociodemographic variables (p
Chronic pain as a reticular formation syndrome

Evidence was previously presented to support the thesis that chronic pain is activated by neuronal elements that make up the multisynaptic short axon core of the reticular system (Andy and Peeler 1985). The present thesis, that chronic pain is a reticular formation syndrome, is based on a retrospective analysis of four patients with chronic pain who were successfully treated with a lesion in the anterior thalamus and stimulation electrode implants in the posterior thalamus and pontomesencephalic brain stem. The reticular formation was the common underlying anatomic substrate at those three sites. In addition to chronic pain, all the patients had other symptoms attributable to other body organs and systems. The number and type of symptoms that made up the syndrome differed between patients. Symptoms making up the core of the syndrome were pain, anxiety, nervousness, insomnia, and depression. Experimental and clinical findings are briefly presented to demonstrate the various reticular formation sites, pragmatically considered “reticular functional systems,” from which symptoms may arise. It is hypothesized that the symptoms are recruited by a low threshold “pain oscillator” that is generated at one reticular site and subsequently permeates the rest of the reticular system. Therapeutic stimulation inactivates the low threshold system by “jamming” it.
Programming challenges for petascale and multicore parallel systems

This decade marks a resurgence for parallel computing with high-end systems moving to petascale and mainstream systems moving to multi-core processors. Unlike previous generations of hardware evolution, this shift will have a major impact on existing software. For petascale, it is widely recognized by application experts that past approaches based on domain decomposition will not scale to exploit the parallelism available in future high-end systems. For multicore, it is acknowledged by hardware vendors that enablement of mainstream software for execution on multiple cores is the major open problem that needs to be solved in support of this hardware trend. These software challenges are further compounded by an increased adoption of high performance computing in new application domains that may not fit the patterns of parallelism that have been studied by the community thus far. In this talk, we compare and contrast the software stacks that are being developed for petascale and multicore parallel systems, and the challenges that they pose to the programmer. We discuss ongoing work on high productivity languages and tools that can help address these challenges for petascale applications on high-end systems. We also discuss ongoing work on concurrency in virtual machines (managed runtimes) to support lightweight concurrency for mainstream applications on multicore systems. Examples will be give from research projects under way in these areas including PGAS languages (UPC, CAF), Eclipse Parallel Tools Platform, Java Concurrency Utilities, and the X10 language. Finally, we outline a new long-term research project being initiated at Rice University that aims to unify elements of the petascale and multicore software stacks so as to produce portable software that can run unchanged on petascale systems as well as a range of homogeneous and heterogeneous multicore systems.
"Transmedia storytelling and the new era of media convergence in higher education," by Stavroula Kalogeras

Review of Stavroula Kalogeras. Transmedia Storytelling and the New Era of Media Convergence in Higher Education. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014, hardcover, $100 (276p) ISBN 978-1137388360.
Interferon Production in Mice by Cell Wall Mutants of Salmonella typhimurium

The interferon response elicited by Salmonella typhimurium mutants in mice is not dependent on the presence of a complete cell wall lipopolysaccharide. In fact, a mutant (G30/C21) which has lost all the polysaccharide side chains and sugars of the O antigen and contains only 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate and lipid is indistinguishable in its interferon-stimulating ability from the wild type which possesses a complete O antigen with polysaccharide side chains.
Kinematic analysis of mélange fabrics in the Franciscan Complex near San Simeon, California: Evidence for sinistral slip on the Nacimiento fault zone?

Asymmetric fabrics in Franciscan Complex shale matrix melange near San Simeon, central California, record synsubduction shear that has implications for the Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary tectonic evolution of the region. Outcrop-scale structural data including S-, C-, and C′-planes, slickenlines, block long axes, and offset blocks indicate that most asymmetric fabrics developed in a NE-dipping sinistral shear zone following Late Cretaceous chaotic mixing and accretion of the melange. Approximately 70% of C-planes strike within ∼45° of the major NW-striking structures in the region—the Neogene San Gregorio–Hosgri fault and the Late Cretaceous–early Tertiary Nacimiento fault zone. Slip vectors on these NW-striking C-planes consistently record sinistral or oblique sinistral shear. This dominant shear regime accommodated E-W to NE-SW shortening and N-S to NW-SE extension. Angles between S- and C-planes are typically ∼25°–35° and range up to ∼45°, suggesting dominantly simple shear. Sinistral shear in the melange is kinematically incompatible with Neogene to recent dextral faulting, indicating that these fabrics predate the early Miocene development of the Pacific–North America transform. We propose that sinistral shear in the melange is related to latest Cretaceous to early Tertiary slip on the adjacent Nacimiento fault zone. These kinematic data are compatible with previous studies that have suggested that the juxtaposition of the Salinian block against the Nacimiento block was accommodated by hundreds of kilometers of sinistral slip on the Nacimiento fault zone.
The fourth branchial cleft anomaly

The fourth branchial cleft anomaly has long been postulated. A case in which a lower neck sinus tract extended under the clavicle near the subclavian vessels is presented. The distinguishing features of bronchogenic and branchogenic anomalies are discussed. It appears that unless a complication (e.g., abscess, inflammatory process) of the fourth branchial cleft sinus tract occurs within the mediastinum, mandating full exploration, the complete form of the anomaly may continue to remain undocumented.
A semantic Web services enabled Web portal architecture

Web services technologies are emerging as a new approach for supporting e-science and e-engineering by providing access to heterogeneous computation resources and integration of distributed scientific applications. In this paper, we propose a Web portal architecture that enables end users to access the distributed application through the Web interface and to compose new tasks by integrating a set of high level Web services provided by portal developers. The portal design demonstrates that flexibility, reusability and interoperability can be provided for both end users and portal developers by using semantic Web services technologies.
THE RETURN OF SPIRITUALITY: CONTRASTING INTERPRETATIONS

(1991). THE RETURN OF SPIRITUALITY: CONTRASTING INTERPRETATIONS. Religious Education: Vol. 86, No. 3, pp. 455-466.
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and toxic shock syndrome after tooth extraction

Staphylococcus aureus may cause cutaneous and systemic infections such as staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) and toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Although exfoliative toxins A and B, which cause SSSS, and TSS toxin-1 may be produced by different strains of S aureus, the two syndromes rarely occur simultaneously. We describe a patient admitted to the intensive care department with an exfoliative generalized erythroderma, signs of shock, and biopsy specimen findings consistent with SSSS. This patient presented after a tooth extraction. Symptoms recurred after dismissal, and he was readmitted. Subsequent test results were positive for exfoliative toxin B and TSS toxin-1, suggesting concurrent SSSS and TSS. For patients with acute, exfoliative, generalized erythroderma, TSS and SSSS should be considered. Although rare, it is possible to see both syndromes present concurrently.
Feeding behavior of large calanoid copepodsNeocalanus cristatus andN. plumchrus from the subarctic Pacific Ocean

Abstract Oceanic waters of the subarctic Pacific exhibit a special ecological feature, a virtually seasonally invariant standing stock of phytoplankton (measured as chlorophyll a ), that seems to reflect a balance, at least during spring and summer, between phytoplankton growth and zooplankton grazing. The grazers presumed to be responsible for the balance are the calanoid copepods Neocalanus cristatus and N. plumchrus . Shipboard grazing experiments, utilizing both natural suspended particulate material and cultured phytoplankton as food for the copepods, showed that both species have at least three attributes of feeding behavior required to maintain steady standing stock of phytoplankton. That is, the Neocalanus species can feed at the low concentrations of phytoplankton that prevail in the open subarctic Pacific, they feed at similar rates on a broad range of particlessizes including the predominant particles, and they respond to small increases in phytoplankton concentration by proportionately larger increases in their feeding rate. Although both species of Neocalanus attain larger body sizes than co-occurring Calanus pacificus and Pseudocalanus sp., they have morphological specializations that seem to account for their unexpected ability to feed on very dilute suspensions of small phytoplankton cells. It appears that the perpetually low phytoplankton concentrations in the open subarctic Pacific do not permit maximum feeding effort by the species of Neocalanus .
Adenocarcinoma of endometrium involving adenomyosis. Report of an unusual case and review of the literature.

A case of adenocarcinoma developing in endometrial and adenomyotic epithelium is presented. The pattern of development of the carcinoma is discussed in relation to the histogenesis of adenomyosis. The authors conclude that the malignant transformation occurred in a susceptible field that included both endometrial and adenomyotic epithelium. The rare examples of adenocarcinoma arising in and confined solely to adenomyosis represent limit cases. The possible effect of estrogen is reviewed.
MICROMETHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF MAGNESIUM IN BIOLOGIC FLUIDS.

Abstract A micromethod for the magnesium in body fluids, based on the red magnesium hydroxide-Titan yellow complex, has been presented. The reagents have been stabilized and their preparation greatly facilitated. The interferences have been thoroughly studied and clearly elucidated. It is our opinion that, for the practical analysis of biologic fluids for clinical purposes, they have been largely exaggerated in the extant literature. The stoichiometry of the reaction has been carefully worked out. Reliability of the method has been established by comparison with two other methods, by recovery experiments and by replicate analyses. We believe it to be the fastest, simplest, and most meticulously established method for magnesium in biologic fluids available.
Determinants of tenure choice in the third world: An empirical study of Cairo and Manila

Abstract This paper examines the determinants of tenure choice in two cities of the Third World. Empirical analyses of the factors that motivate a particular household to become a tenant, squatter, or legal owner can shed light on the types of strategies that are most likely to affect tenure choice. A relatively straightforward application of a logit model is used to analyze tenure choice in both cities. In each case, households are assumed to maximize utility subject to a budget constraint for rental, squatting, and owning modes of tenure. The model predicts tenure choice correctly 63% of the time for Manila households and 77% of the time for Cairo residents. The findings also suggest that squatter households may have more in common with owners than renters, especially in terms of mobility considerations.
Radiation Effects Problems in Nuclear Fuel Rods

This paper will review some of the radiation effects problems that have been encountered in nuclear fuel rods. Examples are drawn from both the commercial Light Water Reactors (LWR) and the new, developing Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactors (LMFBR). The performance of a particular fuel rod is influenced by (1) the interaction between the ceramic fuel pellet column and the metal cladding tube, and (2) the interactions of the fuel cladding, separately, with the reactor core environment. The latter includes the effect of neutron flux, temperature, stress and corrosive chemicals. Despite this complex and hostile environment, many of the material interactions are known. Sufficient new detail will enable the fuel rod and the core power operation to be designed so that a very low incidence of fuel rod failures can be maintained.
Continuous vs Intermittent Nebulized Albuterol for Emergency Management of Asthma

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of continuous nebulized (CN) albuterol therapy with those of intermittent nebulized (IN) albuterol therapy in the ED treatment of children with moderate to severe asthma exacerbations. Methods: A prospective, randomized, single-blind study was conducted at a children's hospital ED. Patients aged 2 to 18 years with a moderate to severe asthma exacerbation (asthma score ≥8) were enrolled. Patients were randomized to receive either IN albuterol (0.15 mg/kg/dose every 30 min) or CN albuterol (0.3 mg/kg/ hr) for a maximum of 2 hours. All patients received prednisone at entry. All released patients were evaluated by telephone, 48 hours after the ED visit. Estimates of respiratory therapist (RT) time commitments for the 2 delivery systems were calculated. Results: There were 35 patients assigned to IN therapy and 35 to CN therapy. Nine of the 35 patients (26%) in the IN group and 8 of the 35 patients (22%) in the CN group were hospitalized (p = NS). Although the durations of ED therapy were comparable in the 2 groups, the time spent by the RTs in delivering asthma therapy was significantly less for the CN group than it was for the IN group (30.3 min vs 51.9 min per patient; p < 0.001). There was no major adverse effect in either study group. Conclusion: There was no difference in efficacy or safety between CN therapy and IN therapy in the ED management of moderate to severe asthma exacerbations in children. Moreover, CN therapy provided a significant time savings in the delivery of asthma therapy to patients in a busy ED.
Observations on the sexual segment of the kidney of snakes with emphasis on ultrastructure in the yellow-bellied sea snake, Pelamis platurus.

The sexual segment of the kidney (SSK) is an accessory sex structure in male lizards and snakes (Squamata). We describe histology of the SSK in 12 species of snakes, including one from the basal Scolecophidia, Leptotyphlops dulcis, and from the more advanced Alethinophidia, species from the Acrochordidae (Acrochordus granulatus), Homalopsidae (Cerberus rynchops), Uropeltidae (Teretrurus sanguineus), and eight species from the Elapidae, including six species of sea snakes. We also describe the ultrastructure of the SSK of the sea snake, Pelamis platurus. The SSK of L. dulcis does not include the ureter but does include distal convoluted tubules (DCTs) and collecting ducts. In all other snakes examined, the SSK is limited to the DCTs and does not differ in histology by any consistent character. We found apparently mature individuals of several species with inactive SSKs. Hypertrophied SSKs give positive reactions for protein secretions but variable reactions for carbohydrates. Ultrastructure of the SSK of P. platurus reveals nuclei situated medially in the epithelium and mature electron dense secretory vacuoles in other areas of the cytoplasm. Product release is apocrine. Junctional complexes only occur at the luminal border, and intercellular canaliculi become widened and are open basally. No cytologically unique characters occur in the SSK of P. platurus. The ancestral condition of the SSK in squamates is the presence of simple columnar epithelium specialized for secretion of a protein + carbohydrate product that matures and is released seasonally. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FATE OF Staphylococcus aureus IN BEEF‐SOY LOAVES SUBJECTED TO PROCEDURES USED IN HOSPITAL CHILL FOODSERVICE SYSTEMS

Staphylococcus aureus was inoculated into uncooked mixtures of ground beef and soy protein and survival of the organism was determined during the stages of food handling that would occur in a hospital with a chill foodservice system. Although the initial inoculum was only approximately 5000/g, heating the mixture as loaves in a convection oven at 121°C to an internal temperature of 60°C was not lethal to S. aureus. Numbers of S. aureus in loaves decreased during holding at 5°C for 24, 48 and 72 hr. Numbers of S. aureus in the center of the final product were less than 3/g after loaves were portioned, held chilled at 5°C for 2 hr, and portions heated to 80°C in a microwave oven.
Regional odontodysplasia: A case of progressive tooth development

Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is considered a relatively rare dental anomaly despite increasing numbers of case reports in recent years. It usually presents as a localized anomaly in tooth development affecting a few adjacent teeth in a single maxillary or mandibular quadrant. The purpose of this paper is to describe an uncommon case of regional odotodysplasia involving noncontiguous mandibular teeth, crossing the midline in a male patient, and showing progressive normalization of tooth anatomy over a period of 6 years. Typically, teeth affected with RO become pulpally involved early on and are either extracted or endodontically treated. Such reports of automatic normalization over time in RO is supportive of a more conservative treatment approach.
Pharmacology of coronary vasodilation: a brief review.

Successful scintigraphic imaging of coronary artery stenosis is dependent on detecting regional differences (nonhomogeneous distribution) in coronary blood flow that can be induced by physiologic or pharmacologic stress. Table 1 represents a summary of major pharmacologic responses of the heart to the four agents discussed above. Both adenosine and dipyridamole produce superior coronary vasodilation and tend to be preferred for use in single-photon emission computed tomography, whereas dobutamine and arbutamine provoke a marked ischemic response and tend to be preferred for use in echocardiography. Which agent employed remains a judgment of the physician based on known side effects of these agents, the patient’s ability to tolerate these side effects, and the nature of the test desired.
Linked interpolation for Reissner‐Mindlin plate elements: Part II—A simple triangle

The formulation and shape functions given in Part I are extended to develop a simple plate bending triangle with good performance in both thin and thick situations. Indeed, its performance is better than that of other nine DOF elements and its computer implementation simpler. When used with selective reduced integration, the element produces identical results as that of Xu.1,2 To save space, details given in Part I are not repeated and some results are also presented in the figures of Part I.
A complete constructive algorithm for the general mixed linear programming problem

An algorithm that seems to have several advantages for application to the general mixed linear programming problem is described. Although it does not make any non-degeneracy assumption or stipulate conditions for consistency of constraints or finiteness of extrenal value, it has the following distinct advantages: (1) it does away with all augmentation for any reason, in particular “artificial variables” for “initial feasible solutions” and the doubling of rows and columns for equations and variables of arbitrary sign; (2) it does not resort to any perturbation technique or arbitrary cycling of “basis” to cope with the “degeneracy problem,” but instead shows how to capitalize on it by concentrating on a greatly restricted subset of rows and columns; (3) it isolates and identifies inconsistent constraints in a simple, natural way; and (4) it features a small segregated inverse of a “basic kernel,” opening the way to easy generation of elements techniques with large sparse systems.
Thermal trauma resulting from motor vehicle operation or maintenance

Burn injury may result from the operation or maintenance of motor vehicles. We reviewed the experience of one burn center with injuries related to motor vehicle use over the 6 year period 1987-1992. One hundred and fifty patients with motor vehicle related burns were identified comprising 11.3% of all admissions for this period. The mean extent of burn injury was 22.8% total body surface area with a mean full thickness (third degree) burn size of 11.7%. The average hospital length of stay was 42.41 days. The most common mechanisms of injury were collisions resulting in fire (n = 48), carburetor priming (n = 37) and scalding from radiator fluid contact (n = 27). Burns resulting from vehicle operation or maintenance are costly and potentially preventable.
Tannic acid characterized membranes of animal cells

Tannic acid affects one face of some cytoplasmic membranes causing them to appear “thin” in electron micrographs.Trans vesicles of Golgi apparatus, dictyosome-like-structures, headcaps and aerosomes of germ cells, and certain lysosomes all have membranes that appear thin after tannic acid fixation and, in addition, are all characterized as being acid phosphatase positive. Thus, thin membranes appear functionally related and to be associated with cellular components that have lysosome or lysosome-like character.