cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Formation of ordered and disordered dielectric/metal nanowire arrays and their plasmonic behavior

We have recently shown that dielectric/metal composite nanowires can exhibit very strong surface enhanced Raman (SERS) signals, when arranged in a random 3D geometry. Since we believe that the intersections of nanowires are critical in generating the high electric fields necessary for this enhancement, we are investigating this effect under more controlled conditions. Thus, we will discuss the formation of nanowire arrays by in-situ growth, achieved by the control of nanowire material/substrate combination, as well as ex-situ nanowire array formation involving e-beam lithography. The effects of nanowire geometry and the resulting SERS behavior show the importance of the dielectric/metal configuration, as well as the importance of nanowire geometry in the SERS effect.
Biologically based modeling of multimedia, multipathway, multiroute population exposures to arsenic.

This article presents an integrated, biologically based, source-to-dose assessment framework for modeling multimedia/multipathway/multiroute exposures to arsenic. Case studies demonstrating this framework are presented for three US counties (Hunderton County, NJ; Pima County, AZ; and Franklin County, OH), representing substantially different conditions of exposure. The approach taken utilizes the Modeling ENvironment for TOtal Risk studies (MENTOR) in an implementation that incorporates and extends the approach pioneered by Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation (SHEDS), in conjunction with a number of available databases, including NATA, NHEXAS, CSFII, and CHAD, and extends modeling techniques that have been developed in recent years. Model results indicate that, in most cases, the food intake pathway is the dominant contributor to total exposure and dose to arsenic. Model predictions are evaluated qualitatively by comparing distributions of predicted total arsenic amounts in urine with those derived using biomarker measurements from the NHEXAS — Region V study: the population distributions of urinary total arsenic levels calculated through MENTOR and from the NHEXAS measurements are in general qualitative agreement. Observed differences are due to various factors, such as interindividual variation in arsenic metabolism in humans, that are not fully accounted for in the current model implementation but can be incorporated in the future, in the open framework of MENTOR. The present study demonstrates that integrated source-to-dose modeling for arsenic can not only provide estimates of the relative contributions of multipathway exposure routes to the total exposure estimates, but can also estimate internal target tissue doses for speciated organic and inorganic arsenic, which can eventually be used to improve evaluation of health risks associated with exposures to arsenic from multiple sources, routes, and pathways.
Cervical ganglionectomy alters the circadian rhythm of intraocular pressure in New Zealand White rabbits

A circadian rhythm of intraocular pressure in rabbits could provide a useful model for understanding the daily rhythm of intraocular pressure in humans and for studying mechanisms which regulate intraocular pressure. Our results confirm earlier work showing that New Zealand White rabbits housed in an environment with a lighting cycle of 12 hours light and 12 hours dark have a rhythm of intraocular pressure, and that this rhythm persists in constant dark. We show further that the cycle of light and dark is the zeitgeber for entrainment of the rhythm of intraocular pressure, and therefore persistence of this rhythm in constant dark establishes it as a circadian rhythm. Cervical ganglionectomy demonstrated that intact sympathetic innervation to the eye is required for maintenance of the normal circadian rhythm of intraocular pressure in rabbits. Intraocular pressure in sympathectomized eyes is no different from control eyes during the light, but is significantly reduced during the dark.
Coupled Reactions of Condensation and Charge Transfer. 1. Formation of Olefin Dimer Ions in Reactions with Ionized Aromatics. Gas-Phase Studies

The toluene radical ion C6H5CH3•+, generated by resonance two-photon ionization, does not react with a single isobutene molecule (i-C4H8) which has a significantly higher ionization potential (ΔIP = 0.42 eV). However, a reaction is observed involving two i-C4H8 molecules, to form the dimer ion C8H16•+. A coupled reaction of dimer formation and charge transfer to the dimer is exothermic if the product is an ionized hexene with a low IP. Correspondingly, the observed nominal second-order rate coefficients, (5−25) × 10-12 cm3 s-1, are enhanced by a factor of >105 over the expected value for direct endothermic charge transfer. Pressure and concentration effects suggest a sequential mechanism that proceeds through a C6H5CH3•+(i-C4H8) reactive π complex. The complex can isomerize to a nonreactive CH3C6H4-t-C4H9•+ adduct, or react with a second i-C4H8 molecule to form a C6H5CH3•+(i-C4H8)2 complex, in which the olefin molecules are activated by the aromatic ion. Similar reactions are observed in the benzene/prope...
Processing 6 billion CDRs/day: from research to production (experience report)

A call detail record (CDR), is a data record produced by a telephone exchange or other telecommunications equipment documenting the details of a phone call that passed through the exchange or equipment. Telecommunications companies (or "telcos") use CDRs for purposes of billing, extracting business intelligence, fraud detection, etc. However, they face a Big Data challenge -- many telcos get billions of CDRs per day, and are unable to keep up with these data rates. In this paper, we describe a stream processing solution for processing CDRs that allows scaling the processing to handle 6 billion CDRs per day for a certain telco. We describe the stream processing application (running on the IBM InfoSphere Streams platform) that performs CDR mediation and analysis in real-time. We also describe various business and operational constraints and the legacy software ecosystem - seldom discussed in academic gatherings - that make the problem more challenging than originally meets the eye. The outcome of our work is a highly configurable and scalable CDR processing stream with several functional and performance capabilities that are a first for the telecommunication industry.
Isometric Copies of c0 and ℓ∞ in Duals of Banach Spaces

Abstract Let X be a Banach space. Then X* contains an isometric copy of l∞ if and only if X* contains an asymptotically isometric copy of c0.
Retention of cervical cerclage after preterm premature rupture of the membranes: a critical appraisal

Purpose The present meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy of cervical cerclage retention after the occurrence of preterm premature rupture of the membranes by analyzing the observed maternal and neonatal perinatal outcomes.
Initiation of TNF inhibitor therapy and change in physiologic measures in psoriasis

Background Psoriasis may predispose to cardiovascular disease and diabetes. However, the role of TNF inhibitor in mediating this risk is controversial.
Brief paper: Optimal allocation of heterogeneous resources in cooperative control scenarios

This paper introduces a mathematical framework for the study of resource allocation problems involving the deployment of heterogeneous agents to different teams. In this context, the term heterogeneous is used to describe classes of agents that differ in the basic functions they can perform (e.g., one type of agent searches for targets while another type engages those targets). The problem is addressed in terms of optimization using concepts from economic theory and the proposed algorithm was designed to ensure asymptotic stability of the optimal solution.
ERK Signaling in the Pituitary Is Required for Female But Not Male Fertility

Males and females require different patterns of pituitary gonadotropin secretion for fertility. The mechanisms underlying these gender-specific profiles of pituitary hormone production are unknown; however, they are fundamental to understanding the sexually dimorphic control of reproductive function at the molecular level. Several studies suggest that ERK1 and -2 are essential modulators of hypothalamic GnRH-mediated regulation of pituitary gonadotropin production and fertility. To test this hypothesis, we generated mice with a pituitary-specific depletion of ERK1 and 2 and examined a range of physiological parameters including fertility. We find that ERK signaling is required in females for ovulation and fertility, whereas male reproductive function is unaffected by this signaling deficiency. The effects of ERK pathway ablation on LH biosynthesis underliethisgender-specificphenotype,andthemolecularmechanisminvolvesarequirementfor ERK-dependent up-regulation of the transcription factor Egr1, which is necessary for LH expression. Together, these findings represent a significant advance in elucidating the molecular basis of gender-specific regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and sexually dimorphic control of fertility. (Molecular Endocrinology 23: 1092–1101, 2009)
Weedy adaptation in Setaria spp. v. effects of gaseous environment on giant foxtail (Setaria faberii) (Poaceae) seed germination

The effects that naturally occurring gases (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide) may cause in dormant giant foxtail (Setaria faberii) seed germination under favorable temperature and moisture conditions were investigated. The germination responses to gas mixtures supported the hypothesis that S. faberii germination behavior is regulated by the amount of oxygen taken into hydrated seed over time. Setaria faberii seed germination was markedly affected by O2 concentration (in N2) above and below that of air (20% O2): the largest increase in germination (from 37 to 60%) occurred between 20‐25% O2; between 0‐10% O2, germination increased from 0‐ 30%; and surprisingly germination at 10 and 20% O2 was similar. These observations reveal an asymmetrical response to incremental changes in O2 above and below that typically found in agricultural soils. Carbon monoxide had opposite effects on S. faberii germination in air depending on concentration, stimulation, and inhibition: germination increased from 37 to 56% with the addition of 1% CO, but decreased from 37 to 14% with 75% added CO. An explanation may be that there are two separate effects of CO, each occurring in different physiological systems of dormant seeds at the same time. At high concentrations (75%) in air CO inhibited seed germination, probably by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration. But low CO concentrations (0.1 or 1%) in air stimulated seed germination. It was not apparent which physiological system(s) CO and O2 affected. It seems unlikely that CO-stimulated germination arises from effects on the respiratory apparatus, but may be a consequence of CO interactions with an as yet unknown physiological factor in the seed. We provide a model of Setaria spp. dormancy consistent with its seed morphology, the gas-germination data, and the hypothesized second physiological factor that may be involved in CO stimulated germination.
Comparing the Effects of Live Supervision Interventions on Novice Trainee Anxiety and Anger

Abstract To assess the effects of supervision upon the anxiety and anger of novice counselors-in-training, sixty-five participants received traditional delayed, phone-in, or bug-in-the-ear supervision while counseling a role-play client for the first time. Doubly multivariate analysis of covariance procedures were used to analyze the data from repeated measures of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. Findings revealed significant differences in state anxiety and anger due to CIT trait anxiety and anger, but no significant differences due to supervision method. CIT scores for state and trait anxiety were well below published norms. The discussion of the findings includes the possibility of a response set, CIT reluctance or inability to report anxiety or anger, and implications for the supervision of novice CITs.
The association between gambling pathology and personality disorders

Abstract Research supports increased risk of problem gambling (PG) and pathological gambling disorder (PGD) among individuals with substance abuse/dependence and psychiatric disorders, but studies considering personality disorder comorbidity have not adjusted for confounding relationships with other Axis I disorders. Using targeted advertising, we enrolled 153 gamblers (55% female; 32% minority; Mean age = 47; SD = 18.2) in a clinical validation study of the newly developed computerized gambling assessment module (C-GAM©). For these analyses, we classified gamblers into three groups based on their endorsement of DSM-IV PGD: Non-gamblers (0 criteria; n = 64; 44%); PG (1–4 criteria; n = 60; 41%); and PGD (5–10 criteria; n = 22; 15%). We evaluated PG and PGD risk associated with personality disorder pathology using the computerized structured clinical interview of DSM-IV Axis II (SCID-II). Using multinomial logistic regression, we found increased odds of PGD among individuals with greater symptoms of borderline personality disorder after adjusting for socio-demographics, substance abuse/dependence and other personality disorders significant at the bivariate level. Yet after adjusting for depressive symptoms, borderline personality disorder criteria were nonsignificant, suggesting a complex relationship between personality pathology, depression, and gambling. These findings bolster the position that further investigation is needed regarding the association of gambling pathology with personality disorders and depressive symptoms.
Overview of Vibro-Impact Dynamics of Pipes Conveying Fluids and the Problem of Fluid-Elastic Instability

This paper presents an overview of vibro-impact dynamics of pipes conveying fluid and the fluid-elastic instability under conditions of turbulence and nonlinearities in nuclear power plants. Different types of modeling, dynamic analysis and stability regimes of pipes conveying fluid restrained by elastic or inelastic barriers are described. The main results reported in the literature will be discussed. The sources of discrepancies in the results will be identified. The main source is primarily the inaccuracy of analytical modeling of the pipe dynamics and impact interaction. The occurrence of flow-induced vibration fretting wear in process equipment such as heat exchangers and steam generators accounts for the majority of failures due to vibration. The fretting wear problem will be first described. This is followed by discussing the computational algorithms used to predict some aspects of vibro-impact dynamics such as the fluid-elastic instability of a tube array by cross flow. Fretting wear prediction requires nonlinear computations of the tube dynamics in which proper modeling of the fluid forcing function plays an important role. Some experimental results pertaining to the vibro-impact motion due to tube-support gaps are discussed with an emphasis on the remote identification of impact forces.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Using a Professional Moderator in Library Focus Group Research

Brown University Library hired a professional marketing and opinion research firm to conduct focus group meetings with library users and to provide data analysis. The discussion includes a review of the library literature on focus group use, practical aspects of focus group methodology, and the benefits of employing professionals where librarian expertise is low. Logistics of focus group preparation, meetings, and report are discussed. Findings and lessons learned are presented along with outcomes for the library.
Weighting Methods for Assessing Policy Effects Mediated by Peer Change

Abstract The conventional approaches to mediation analysis such as path analysis and structural equation modeling typically involve specifying two structural models, one for the mediator and the other for the outcome. We employ an alternative approach that avoids some strong identification assumptions invoked by the conventional approaches. By applying a new weighting procedure to the observed data, we estimate the average potential outcome if the entire population were treated, the average potential outcome if the entire population were untreated, and the average potential outcome if the entire population were treated and if every individual unit's mediator value would counterfactually remain at the same level as it would be when untreated. The estimated differences among these average potential outcomes provide estimates of the total effect, the natural direct effect, and the natural indirect effect. Applying this approach to multilevel educational data, we evaluate the total effect of the algebra-for-a...
Sensing tactile microvibrations with the BioTac — Comparison with human sensitivity

The human fingertip is exquisitely sensitive to vibrations that are essential to detect slip and discriminate textures. Achieving similar functions with prosthetic and robotic hands will require tactile sensors with similar sensitivity. Many technologies have been developed to sense such vibrations, yet none have achieved the requisite sensitivity in a package that is robust enough to meet practical applications. The BioTac®, developed by the authors, uses an incompressible liquid as an acoustic conductor to convey vibrations from the skin to a wide bandwidth pressure transducer located deep in the rigid core of the mechatronic finger, where it is protected from damage. Signal conditioning electronics were designed to achieve sensitivity down to the theoretical noise floor of the transducer, making the device very sensitive to the smallest of vibrations, even sound. We demonstrate here that this device exceeds human performance in detecting sustained vibrations (capable of sensing vibrations as small as a few nanometers at ∼330Hz) as well as very small transient events that arise when small particles are dropped on the finger. This overcomes the supposition that such sensitivity requires fragile sensory elements to reside near the vulnerable contact surfaces.
The haem‐uptake gene cluster in Vibrio fischeri is regulated by Fur and contributes to symbiotic colonization

Summary Although it is accepted that bacteria-colonizing host tissues are commonly faced with iron-limiting conditions and that pathogenic bacteria often utilize iron from host-derived haem-based compounds, the mechanisms of iron acquisition by beneficial symbiotic bacteria are less clear. The bacterium Vibrio fischeri mutualistically colonizes the light organ of the squid Euprymna scolopes. Genome sequence analysis of V. fischeri revealed a putative haem-uptake gene cluster, and through mutant analysis we confirmed this cluster is important for haemin use by V. fischeri in culture. LacZ reporter assays demonstrated Fur-dependent transcriptional regulation of cluster promoter activity in culture. GFP-based reporter assays revealed that gene cluster promoter activity is induced in symbiotic V. fischeri as early as 14 h post inoculation, although colonization assays with the haem uptake mutant suggested an inability to uptake haem does not begin to limit colonization until later stages of the symbiosis. Our data indicate that the squid light organ is a low iron environment and that haem-based sources of iron are used by symbiotic V. fischeri cells. These findings provide important additional information on the availability of iron during symbiotic colonization of E. scolopes by V. fischeri, as well as the role of haem uptake in non-pathogenic host-microbe interactions.
SDF-1/CXCL12 regulates cAMP production and ion transport in intestinal epithelial cells via CXCR4.

Human colonic epithelial cells express CXCR4, the sole cognate receptor for the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1/CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL) 12. The aim of this study was to define the...
Infrapopliteal bypass for severe ischemia: Comparison of autogenous vein, composite, and prosthetic grafts

Abstract Results of 253 consecutive bypass grafts to infrapopliteal arteries were reviewed. Most (92%) were placed for rest pain (103) or tissue loss (130). Autogenous veins were used in 175 (69%) cases, composite vein-prosthetic grafts were used in 45 (18%), and prosthetic grafts alone were used in 33 (13%). Follow-up ranged from 0 to 101 months (mean, 19 months); 37 grafts (15%) were lost to follow-up. The operative mortality rate was 4%, and 5-year patient survival rate was 44%. Limb salvage was 82% at 5 years. The 5-year patency of vein grafts (63%) exceeded that of both composite (28%) and prosthetic (7%) grafts ( p = 0.005 and p = 0.00007, respectively); but the patency of composite and prosthetic grafts did not differ significantly ( p = 0.29). The patency of reversed vein (59%) and in situ vein grafts (74%) was not significantly different at 5 years ( p = 0.34). Patency was also not affected by the site of the proximal or distal anastomoses or diabetes. The major determinant of long-term patency in infrapopliteal reconstructions continues to be graft material. Composite grafts offered no clear advantage over prosthetic grafts, and both should be used only when there is no other alternative to amputation. (J VASC SURG 1991;13:631-6.)
Biliary Secretion of Iodine in Calves

Abstract An average of 24.3% of the radioactivity appeared in the bile of calves within 24 hr after cannulation of bile ducts and injection of thyroxine I 131 . When a similar injection of labeled thyroxine was administered to intact calves, only 18.0% of the radioactivity appeared in the 24-hr fecal sample. Fecal iodine loss and other pathways for modification of thyroid function and iodine loss which could result in transient hypothyroidism are discussed in relation to ovarian cyst etiology.
A closed-form delay formula for on-chip RLC interconnects in current-mode signaling

Current-mode signaling significantly increases the bandwidth of on-chip interconnects compared to voltage mode signaling and reduces the overall propagation delay. A delay formula (line and load delay) for current mode is necessary for estimation of delay and bandwidth for VLSI systems. The inductance effect of interconnects is more dominant in sub-micron technology. So a RC approximation results in significant error in delay estimation. This paper presents a closed-form delay formula for on-chip RLC interconnects for current mode signaling. The delay formula reported herein is derived based on the modified nodal analysis (MNA) formulation and an equivalent lumped model representation of inductance effects. Compared to computationally intensive methods, this method results in a simple yet accurate expression by 'absorbing' the inductance into the RC model. The formula is verified via HSPICE simulations and is 5% accurate over a wide range of interconnect parameters. The accuracy of the expression under different ranges of parameters is discussed, enabling this to be used as design tool.
Modularity is unnecessary in primary femoral THA but has some advantages in primary acetabular THA.

1. Cameron HU, Loehr J, Fornasier VL: Early clinical trials with a ceramic total hip prosthesis. Orthop Rev 12:49, 1983 2. Cameron HU: Use of a neck extension sleeve in total hip replacement. Contemp Orthop 21:67, 1990 3. Cameron HU: Ceramic head fractures in total hip replacement. J Arthroplasty 6:185, 1991 4. Cameron HU: Use of a distal trochanteric osteotomy in hip revisions. Contemp Orthop 23:235, 1991 5. Cameron HU, Bhimji S: Early clinical trials with a proximally fixed uncemented hip stem. Contemp Orthop 17:31, 1988 6. Cameron HU: Proximal femoral osteotomy in difficult revision hip surgery: how to revise the unrevisable. Contemp Orthop 28:565, 1989 7. Cameron HU: Use of a distally fluted long stem prosthesis in the correction of angular deformity of the femur. Contemp Orthop 20:159, 1990 8. Bobyn JD, Dujovne AR, Figgie JJ, Young DC: Surface analysis ot the taper junctions of retrieved and in vitro tested modular hip prostheses systems, p. 287. In Morrey BE (ed): Biology, materials, and mechanical considerations of joint replacement. Lippincott-Raven, NY, 1993
Digital government: the challenges of integration and interoperability dg.o2005 birds of a feather session

The goal of this Birds of a Feather session is to bring together researchers and practitioners interested in the challenges of Digital Government-related integration and interoperability. Integration and interoperability in the sense of this session encompasses (but is not limited to) government information systems integration, workflow and process integration as well as vertical and horizontal interoperability. The emphasis of the session extends to the managerial, organizational, informational, social, legal, and technological challenges faced when integrating and interoperating government systems and processes.
Cortical plasticity in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations

The aim of this review is to ascertain the evidence for cortical plasticity in arteriovenous malformation (AVM) patients. Chronic hypoperfusion due to vascular steal from cerebral AVM can result in a translocation of eloquent neurological functions to other brain areas, a phenomenon known as cortical plasticity. We performed a systematic literature review of the studies that have evaluated cortical plasticity in AVM patients. A total of 22 studies from 1996 to 2014 were included for the analyses. The evaluation of cortical plasticity was performed prior to AVM intervention in 109 patients, and during or after AVM intervention in 18. The most commonly assessed neurological functions were motor in 85% and language in 11% of the former cohort, and motor in 78% and language, cognition, and memory each in 39% of the latter cohort. Functional MRI was the most frequently used method for evaluating cortical plasticity, and was performed in 63% of the former and 56% of the latter cohort. In conclusion, cortical plasticity appears to be influenced by both AVM pathogenesis and intervention. Given the limited evidence that is currently available for cortical plasticity in AVM patients, further studies are warranted to determine its incidence and impact on long term clinical outcomes.
Characterization of a structurally tricistronic gene of human cytomegalovirus composed of U(s)18, U(s)19, and U(s)20.

Abstract A tricistronic gene mapped between 0.91 and 0.93 map units within the EcoRI D fragment of the human cytomegalovirus unique short region (U(s)) has been cloned, sequenced, and expressed in vitro. Cloned cDNAs of 2.3, 1.8, and 1.1 kb derived from this region were isolated from a lambda gt11 cDNA library made from virus-infected fibroblasts and used for this study. Two major classes of 3'-coterminal mRNAs, 2.8 and 1.1 kb, were transcribed from this region. Sequence analysis of the cDNAs and the upstream genomic DNA revealed three open reading frames (ORFs), U(s)18, U(s)19, and U(s)20, and a common polyadenylation signal located 15 bases upstream of the poly(A) tail of both the 2.85- and 1.1-kb mRNAs. Protein structure analyses predicted the existence of multiple hydrophobic moieties, suggesting that the U(s)18, U(s)19, and U(s)20 polypeptides were transmembrane proteins. The major transcription initiation site, determined by primer extension and S1 nuclease mapping, for the 2.85-kb transcript was located right at the first initiation codon of the U(s)20 ORF. There was no typical TATA box or CAAT box upstream of the 2.85-kb mRNA cap site except for a TATAAGA sequence that was found about 210 bp downstream from the major cap site. The 1.1-kb transcript was initiated 33 bp upstream of the U(s)18 translation initiation site, and an atypical TATA box sequence (GATAAGA) was found 22 bp upstream of the transcription start site. Differences in transcription kinetics and sensitivities to metabolic inhibitors suggest that they were regulated by different mechanisms; the 2.85-kb mRNA belongs to the early (beta) class of transcripts, while the 1.1-kb mRNA is a late (gamma) message. Subgenomic DNA segments derived from the U(s)18, U(s)19, and U(s)20 ORFs were subcloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli as fusion proteins with glutathione-s-transferase. Western immunoblot analysis with antibodies against the U(s)18, U(s)19, and U(s)20 fusion proteins detected virus-specific polypeptides with molecular sizes of 36, 32, and 43 kDa, respectively. All three antibodies also exhibited a positive immunofluorescence reaction with human cytomegalovirus-infected cells harvested at late stages of infection.
Effects of changes in job characteristics on work attitudes and behaviors: A naturally occurring quasi-experiment☆

Abstract The effects of changes in the motivational properties of jobs on work attitudes and behaviors were assessed in a quasi-experimental design. A number of clerical jobs in a metropolitan bank were redesigned because of a technological innovation. Changes were made without regard for the motivational characteristics of the jobs, and without cognizance by bank personnel that there might be motivational consequences of the changes. Some jobs were made more complex and challenging, some less so, and the motivational properties of still others were essentially unaffected. Measures of job characteristics, employee attitudes, and work behaviors were collected before and after the changes. Results showed that general satisfaction, growth satisfaction, and internal motivation were affected by changes in job characteristics. Satisfaction with the work context was not affected. Effects of the changes on absenteeism and performance depended on the strength of employee growth needs, which also tended to moderate attitudinal reactions to the changes. Contrary to expectation, employee growth needs themselves were not affected by the altered motivational characteristics of the jobs.
Affective Interaction between Humans and Robots

This paper explores the role of emotive responses in communicative behavior between robots and humans. Done properly, affective communciation should be natural and intuitive for people to understand. This implies that the robot's emotive behavior should be life-like. The ability to establish and maintain a rich affective dynamic with people has placed important constraints on our robotic implementation. We present our framework, discuss how these constraints have been addressed, and demonstrate the robot's ability to engage naive human subjects in a compelling and expressive manner.
EFFECTS OF SCALEY-LEG MITE INFESTATIONS ON BODY CONDITION AND SITE FIDELITY OF MIGRATORY WARBLERS IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

Abstract Rates of infestation by the scaley leg mite (Knemidokoptes jamaicensis) were examined on two overwintering Nearctic-Neotropical migrants, Palm Warbler (Dendroica palmarum) and Prairie Warbler (D. discolor), in low-elevation desert thorn scrub and high-elevation pine forest in the Dominican Republic. Ectoparasites were common on birds in the dry thorn scrub where birds roosted communally, but were never found on birds in the moister pine forest where communal roosting was not detected. Prevalence of ectoparasites varied between years and generally increased in prevalence within winters, with mean rates of infestation reaching as high as 25% among Palm Warblers in late-winter. Parasitized Palm Warblers showed significant decreases in mean pectoral muscle mass scores indicating a negative effect on body condition and physiological stress. Infestation had a significant effect on overwinter site persistence and annual return rates; no infected individuals ever returned the following year. Results of a...
Fetal tissue research: an ongoing story of professionally responsible success

Therapies derived from fetal tissue research are some of the greatest success stories in medicine. Research using fetal tissue has allowed for development of vaccines for numerous diseases including polio, rubella, and measles. These vaccines have saved countless lives, improved quality of life, and decreased the need for induced abortion secondary to congenital infection. Research using cell lines derived from fetal tissue has assisted in better understanding disease pathogenesis and has served to produce human proteins as research reagents and therapies. Ongoing research points to the potential for fetal tissue to be used to cure debilitating diseases such as Parkinson disease. These scientific and medical advances are dependent on the use of fetal tissue from aborted fetuses. While the practice of induced abortion despite societal benefit may be theologically objectionable to some, these practices are professionally responsible. Federal regulations exist to discourage patients from being influenced by the societal benefit of fetal research in arriving at the decision to terminate as well as to prevent researchers from influencing a patient's decision. After a patient has chosen termination of pregnancy, it is consistent with professional responsibility to allow her to choose the disposition of the cadaveric fetal tissue. While some may view induced abortion and societal benefit from this practice as an ethical burden, the principle of justice makes it ethically obligatory to bear this ethical burden. The success story of cadaveric fetal tissue research and treatment should continue unhindered, to fulfill professional responsibility to current and future patients.
The Chinese Long Economic March: Growth and Dislocations

The Chinese economy’s impressive growth rate for the last three decades is coming to an end. How this economic slowdown is going to be managed remains to be seen. The Chinese leadership, long accus...
ReCAP: ASCO Core Curriculum for Cancer Survivorship Education.

CONTEXT AND QUESTION(S) ASKED:The number of cancer survivors is increasing exponentially. Currently there about 15 million cancer survivors, and by 2025, there will be nearly 20 million. Who will provide survivorship care, what are evidenced-based or best care practices, what are best methods to disseminate this information and assess its impact on physician practice, and what are the most cost-effective health care delivery models to serve the majority of survivors?SUMMARY ANSWER:The ASCO Survivorship Committee in collaboration with the ASCO Professional Development Committee developed a core curriculum and core competencies for physicians, allied health professionals, training programs, and policymaking organizations. Adapted from Institute of Medicine recommendations for survivorship care, the core curriculum and competencies include the following subheadings: surveillance for recurrence and second malignancies, long-term and late effects, health promotion and prevention, psychosocial well-being, speci...
Miss Morning Glory: Orientalism and Misogyny in the Queer Writings of Yone Noguchi

In 1898 a young Japanese man in his early twenties sat depressed about his new life in America. Low-wage jobs could neither pay for housing nor adequate food for Yone Noguchi. He had grown exhausted from doing domestic work for Americans whom he thought smelled like rotting cheese. He considered giving up on life itself when letters from acclaimed Western writer Charles Warren Stoddard arrived just in time. Upon seeing Stoddard's handwriting, Noguchi's bosom trembled with delight. Sweet letters full of affection and love would boost him to heavenly bliss. Noguchi lavished kisses on the letters and pored over them repeatedly basking in Stoddard's love. Noguchi would then detail his affair with Stoddard, along with his frustrations living in America, in a book titled The American Diary of a Japanese Girl. Under the pen name Miss Morning Glory, Noguchi may have produced Asian America's earliest queer works.
A New Program in Sustainable Engineering: A Platform for Integrating Research and Service into the Classroom Through Global Engagement

Currently 2.5 billion people, over one third of the Earth’s population, are affected by water scarcity and are without sanitation. The majority of humanity is concentrated in coastal communities: approximately half of the world’s population lives within 200 km of a coast. In many developing countries, raw wastewater is discharged into coastal waters without being treated, in the belief that these discharges do not significantly affect the environment. In reality, these contaminants not only threaten human health, but also often contribute to the loss of marine animals which local peoples often rely on for food and income. In the future, continuing population growth and economic development will increase the demand for water and the severity of pollution. There is a clear and overwhelming need for sanitation and water purification in developing coastal communities, but it is not afforded by conventional, energy-intensive and chemically-intensive water treatment or fossil-fuel-based energy systems. In high-poverty equatorial coasts, the stable temperatures, steady winds, and predictable solar input greatly facilitate sustainable practices for water treatment and energy production. We have recently begun to develop a new cross-disciplinary program in Sustainable Engineering at Penn State that empowers coastal communities in the Caribbean to improve their quality of life and protect their natural resources. In this program, senior-level engineering courses train undergraduate and graduate students to design and deploy ecologically-designed wastewater treatment plants with renewable energy systems in collaboration with faculty-led research teams and community participants. These courses are strategically designed to be training and recruitment tools to help prepare the local student chapter of Engineers Without Borders (EWB) for the project, and to provide students at all levels with challenging, immersive, hand-on experiences that augment their research and education in sustainability. This work is significant because it is one of the first international, multi-disciplinary programs in Sustainable Engineering in North America, and utilizes a student outreach organization (EWB) to mobilize the resulting efforts to engage developing coastal communities with the assistance of practicing engineers. The longevity of this program is supported through cross-disciplinary research, course development, and mentoring of EWB projects containing interdisciplinary, multi-component systems. Future partnerships in the areas of wind energy, coral reef resilience, food systems science, economic development, and eco-tourism are planned to further enhance the program.
Numerical analysis about dynamic response of a pressure regulation valve using fluid and solid coupling method

The dynamic properties of a pressure regulation valve are studied numerically using a method of fluid and solid coupling method.The governing equations of fluid dynamics are 3D unsteady Euler equations and are solved by finite volume scheme in dynamic unstructured grids.The motion of solid structure is governed by a 1D dynamic equation derived from Lagrangian equation.Newmark method is used to solve the governing equation for solid structure.A new zero thickness virtual baffle face strategy is implemented to simulate the contact-detaching process while the main stopper moves from shut state to open state.The dynamic responses of the elastic sensitive components corresponding to different upstream pressure and different pressurizing speed are obtained from the calculation results,which indicate that the virtual baffle face strategy is successful for simulating objects separating from contact and has no restriction on minimum grid size.The calculation results show that the oscillation of moving assembly can be eliminated by extending the upstream pressurizing duration.
Hemostasis of Acute Small Intestinal Bleeding

Deep enteroscopy has increased our ability to diagnose, treat, and palliate small intestinal causes of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The therapeutic interventions for small bowel bleeding depend on the etiology, size, and location of the lesions and include primarily injection therapies, thermal coagulation, clip placement, or any combination thereof. Important differences in endoscopic approach exist when treating small bowel bleeding relative to other parts of the GI tract. First, the small bowel is long and tortuous, often making it challenging to obtain a satisfactory endoscopic position to target the lesion of interest. Advanced endoscopic skills are mandatory to maneuver the enteroscope through the small bowel. Second, the wall of the small intestine is thin. Therefore, particular attention is required during injection and/or application of noncontact or contact thermal therapies, such as argon plasma or bipolar coagulation. Third, passage and utilization of available hemostatic tools during deep enteroscopy can be difficult. The proceduralist treating small bowel bleeding disorders should be versed in advanced endoscopic techniques, be familiar with devices available for therapeutic enteroscopy, and be able to improvise and troubleshoot during challenging enteroscopic procedures.
CSF Circulation and Congenital Hydrocephalus

A new model of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation, involving brain capillaries as the main site of CSF absorption, is proposed from the Karolinska MR Research Center and Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
How Effective is a Multidisciplinary Approach in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)? (P4.037)

Objective: To retrospectively review and determine the outcome of patients evaluated in a Multidisciplinary Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Clinic (MNPHC) for Ventriculo-Peritoneal (VP) shunt from October 2012- October 2015. Background: Today, over 46 million people live with dementia worldwide, resulting in a huge economic impact. NPH, a type of dementia, commonly presents with gait difficulty, cognitive impairment and urinary incontinence. NPH, left untreated, results in significant disabilities. Design: MNPHC is a bimonthly clinic with a team consisting of dedicated neurosurgeon, neurologist and a physician assistant. During the initial evaluation, the team evaluates the patient together. Our NPH assessment protocol includes neurological exam, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Testing (MOCA), Tinetti-Gait and Balance (T-G&B) analysis, MRI brain with Fast Imaging Employing Steady-State Acquisition (FIESTA) sagittal cuts and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) flow studies. Based on the clinical evaluation and MRI brain findings, patients were selected for large volume (40cc) CSF removal. This was performed by admitting the patients in the hospital for 24hours. T-G&B and MOCA was performed by the same person 2 hours and 24hours after the lumbar puncture (LP). If LP result was unequivocal, then a lumbar drain was placed. Results: To this date 125 patients were evaluated and 19/125 (15.2[percnt]) had VP Shunt placed for NPH. The patients who were selected for shunt, post CSF removal, improved T-G&B (scored out of 28) on an average by 6 points from prior to CSF removal. Six-month and one-year followup of the shunted patients has shown satisfactory improvement in clinical symptoms in 19/19 (100[percnt]) of the patients. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary approach with a standardized patient selection criteria to offer VP shunt in a systematic manner has enabled the diagnosis and management of NPH patients effectively and has improved the quality of life of our shunted patients. Disclosure: Dr. Sundar has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jolley has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cataltepe has nothing to disclose.
This Nation Which Is Not One: Olive Schreiner’s The Story of an African Farm

When Olive Schreiner (1855–1920) places this ironized paraphrase of Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America (1835) in the mouth of her ‘New Woman’ Lyndall, she invites us to wonder not only what new kind of woman or man might emerge from such meditations, but also what new ‘nation’. Set in the middle to late nineteenth century, what form of governance might grow from the three childhoods in South Africa with which Schreiner opens her famous novel, The Story of an African Farm (first published by London’s Chapman & Hall in 1883): those of Em, the sympathetic but conventionally cautious daughter of a farm-owning Boer widow; Waldo, the dreamy, inventive son of a German overseer; and Lyndall, the strong-minded, orphaned daughter of an Englishman and stepdaughter of the unsympathetic Afrikaaner matriarch, Tant Sannie? For Schreiner and Tocqueville, a nation’s development mirrors that of its people, and as Tocqueville explains in the passage from which Schreiner chose the epigraph for her novel, a nation’s development is determined in its cradles. Schreiner quotes only Tocqueville’s Wordsworthian remarks on childhood:
Ventilation Duct Design by CFD-Technology

A general objective for designing ventilation ducts is to minimize the pressure drop between inlet and outlet. Moreover, the velocity profile at the outlet has to comply with special requirements as well. Package restrictions in modern passenger cars lead to complex paths of these ducts, which make a design optimization difficult.
Hematologic Remission of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia after Treatment with Imatinib Includes Normalization of the Red Cell Distribution Width.

After treatment with imatinib, the majority of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) achieve hematologic remission. This includes normalization of blood counts (red cells, white cells, and platelets) normalization of the white cell differential, and disappearance of abnormal immature cells from the peripheral blood. However, abnormal erythropoiesis may be more subtle than abnormal red cell counts. We reviewed two other indices of erythropoiesis, the mean cell volume (MCV) and the red cell distribution width (RDW). We studied 15 patients with a diagnosis of CML confirmed by BCR-ABL, in whom the first-line therapy was imatinib. Treatment dosage varied from 400 – 800 mg/day. Pre-treatment, all patients had an elevated white cell count, 14 of 15 had a low hemoglobin, and 11 of 15 had an abnormal high platelet count. None had an abnormal MCV (mean, 91.3, range 82 – 97), and 13 of 15 had an abnormal RDW (mean 16.2, range 14.1 – 19.2). After treatment was started, all 15 achieved a normal white cell count, hemoglobin, and platelet count within 3 months. All continued to have a normal MCV, with no apparent change (mean 92.1, range 82 – 98). However, after treatment 14 of 15 developed a normal RDW (mean 13.7, range 12.0 – 15.2). The RDW progressively declined during the first 3 months after treatment and reached an asymptote at that time. We conclude that hematopoiesis normalizes qualitatively as well as quantitatively after successful imatinib therapy of CML. Future study will determine whether an isolated elevated RDW will predict relapse or briefer duration of remission.
Minimizing deep sea data collection delay with autonomous underwater vehicles

Abstract As a special application of delay tolerant networks (DTNs), efficient data collection in the deep sea poses some unique challenges, due to the need for timely data reporting and the delay of acoustic transmission in the ocean. Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are deployed in the deep sea to surface frequently to transmit collected data from sensors (in a 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional search space) to the surface stations. However, additional delay occurs at each resurfacing. In this paper, we want to minimize the average data reporting delay, through optimizing the number and locations of AUV resurfacing events. We also study the AUV trajectory planning using an extended Euler circuit, where the search space is a set of segments (e.g., oil pipes) in the deep sea. To further reduce the data reporting delay, several schemes, which schedules multiple AUVs cooperatively, are also explored. Finally, experiments in both the synthetic and real traces validate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.