cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Surgical endodontic and retrograde procedures.

This article reviews the recent literature on endodontic surgery and root end filling materials. Root end filling materials have been studied extensively during the period of this review. The materials that have proved to consistently seal the apex in both leakage and success studies are the reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol cements such as IRM (The L.D. Caulk Co., Milford, DE) and SuperEBA (Harry J. Bosworth Co., Skokie, IL) cement. Articles on treatment planning and surgical armamentaria are also reviewed. Two textbooks and 21 journal articles are cited.
Rates of Geomorphic Change

In this section, we discuss the net transport and what it means in terms of bedform construction and migration. Had we written this section only 2 years ago, it could have confined itself to the Earth, but dune and ripple movement on Mars has now been directly observed and quantified.
Atrio-oesophageal fistula: dismal outcome of a rare complication with no common solution

Atrio-oesophageal fistula caused by diffusion of ablative energy through the left atrial wall to the oesophagus is a lethal complication. A high level of suspicion, rapid diagnosis and early correction are of crucial importance. In this review, we highlight the key points that will aid in the thought processes and provide guidance in the prevention, early diagnosis and management to reduce complications and improve outcome when atrio-oesophageal fistula is suspected.
Finite element modeling and capacity analysis of post-tensioned steel frames against progressive collapse

Abstract Post-tensioned (PT) steel frames, in which beams are connected to columns through high-strength PT strands, have been successfully developed in the past decade as a novel earthquake-resistant structural system. Compared to conventional steel moment frames, a PT steel frame demonstrates superior seismic performance, notably the minimum damages in main structural components and the self-centering capability under a design basis earthquake. Despite the abundant research on the seismic behavior of PT steel frames, there is an apparent lack of study on their load-redistribution behavior upon the notional removal of critical load-bearing columns, a commonly used threat-independent local structural damage scenario that potentially triggers the progressive collapse of the column-removed frame. This paper presents a first-of-its-kind numerical investigation on the unique structural behavior of PT steel connections and frames in redistributing the unbalanced gravity loads due to column removal. High-fidelity finite element structural models are constructed and validated using the available experimental data in the literature. The capacity of PT steel frames subjected to a gradually increasing vertical displacement along the removed column line is systematically studied. It is found that, besides the resistance of energy-dissipating elements, beam arching action and strand catenary action are the major sources of structural capacity of a PT steel frame against progressive collapse. The corresponding failure modes are identified and the design implications are suggested.
Should Catholics Drink the Tea?: Reflections on the Tea Party Movement in Light of Gaudium et Spes

This article seeks to fill a gap in Catholic literature by reflecting on the extent to which the Tea Party movement can be understood as consistent with Gaudium et Spes (GS). First, the article provides an overview of the Tea Party movement and its core ideological principles: intense individualism, emphasis on negative human rights, limited government, fiscal responsibility, low taxes, and laissez-faire capitalism. Next, the article offers a brief description of the contextual and ecclesial background of GS and reviews its key themes. The article then assesses the extent to which the ideological principles of the Tea Party movement are supported by GS, concluding that although there are points of partial resonance between the ideology of the Tea Party and GS, the former is largely inconsistent with the vision outlined and articulated by the latter.
Examining the role of multi-level factors impacting Idiosyncratic deal recipient's outcomes.

Idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) are employee-employer negotiated and customized employment arrangements intended to elicit positive employee outcomes. In this theoretical piece we explore multi-level...
MUSE: A Music Conducting Recognition System

In this paper, we introduce Music in a Universal Sound Environment(MUSE), a system for gesture recognition in the domain of musical conducting. Our system captures conductors’ musical gestures to drive a MIDI-based music generation system allowing a human user to conduct a fully synthetic orchestra. Moreover, our system also aims to further improve a conductor’s technique in a fun and interactive environment. We describe how our system facilitates learning through a intuitive graphical interface, and describe how we utilized techniques from machine learning and Conga, a finite state machine, to process inputs from a low cost Leap Motion sensor in which estimates the beats patterns that a conductor is suggesting through interpreting hand motions. To explore other beat detection algorithms, we also include a machine learning module that utilizes Hidden Markov Models (HMM) in order to detect the beat patterns of a conductor. An additional experiment was also conducted for future expansion of the machine learning module with Recurrent Neural Networks (rnn) and the results prove to be better than a set of HMMs. MUSE allows users to control the tempo of a virtual orchestra through basic conducting patterns used by conductors in real time. Finally, we discuss a number of ways in which our system can be used for educational and professional purposes.
Stars and Skews Rise and Fall: A Mathematical Multilevel Adventure

Star performers and the skewed performance distributions they seem to cause are a hot topic in the management literature, with implications for fields ranging from strategy to organizational behavi...
German-Russian Catholic Social Organization

The 18th century German agrarian village system has persisted on the plains of western Kansas as a consequence of a Roman Catholic centered social system. The acculturation process has been retarde...
Mostow rigidity on the line: A survey

G.D. Mostow’s celebrated Rigidity Theorem has taken some curious forms on the real line. All assume that f (a continuous strictly increasing real valued function of a real variable) is the “boundary mapping” of an isomorphism between Fuchsian groups.
A Simple, Rapid Technique for the Inflation of the Endophallus, with Particular Focus on the Curculionoidea (Coleoptera)

Abstract A simple, rapid technique is presented for the eversion of the endophallus in the Curculionoidea. The endophallus is inflated using the introduction of a viscous gel from a syringe inserted in the base of the median lobe, which is held in place by Pierse corneal forceps. This relatively time-efficient technique works on a wide size range and taxonomic diversity within the Curculionoidea.
The latest animal models of ovarian cancer for novel drug discovery

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Epithelial ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease classified into five subtypes, each with a different molecular profile. Most cases of ovarian cancer are diagnosed after metastasis of the primary tumor and are resistant to traditional platinum-based chemotherapeutics. Mouse models of ovarian cancer have been utilized to discern ovarian cancer tumorigenesis and the tumor’s response to therapeutics.Areas covered: The authors provide a review of mouse models currently employed to understand ovarian cancer. This article focuses on advances in the development of orthotopic and patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) mouse models of ovarian cancer and discusses current humanized mouse models of ovarian cancer.Expert opinion: The authors suggest that humanized mouse models of ovarian cancer will provide new insight into the role of the human immune system in combating and augmenting ovarian cancer and aid in the development of novel therapeutics. Development of humanized mouse models will...
Twin gestation in a Swyer syndrome patient with superimposed pre-eclampsia.

Since 1989, there have been 24 reported women with Swyer syndrome (SS) achieving successful pregnancies using fresh donor oocyte (FDO) in vitro fertilisation (IVF) (Kalra et al. 2016). Of these, tw...
A Waveform Archiving System for the GE Solar 8000i Bedside Monitor.

Objectives: Our objective was to develop, deploy, and test a data-acquisition system for the reliable and robust archiving of high-resolution physiological waveform data from a variety of bedside monitoring devices, including the GE Solar 8000i patient monitor, and for the logging of ancillary clinical and demographic information.
Nonlinear dynamic analysis and active control of visco-hyperelastic dielectric elastomer membrane

Abstract Dynamic analysis and active control are important bases for dielectric elastomer (DE) applications. Most of the DE materials exhibit significant viscoelasticity. Although the visco-hyperelastic constitutive relations of DEs have been studied before, the dynamic analysis of the DEs with the consideration of viscoelasticity has rarely been explored. In this study, we lay out the dynamic equations for the visco-hyperelastic DE structures. The Gent hyperelastic model is applied to take into account the strain-stiffening effect of the elastomer. Based on the model, we derive an analytical solution for the dynamic DE under homogeneous in-plane deformation. We show that the model can capture the nonlinear oscillation of the DE and allows us to investigate how the viscoelasticity and strain-stiffening effect influence the resonant frequencies and oscillation amplitudes of the system. Given the nonlinear and viscoelastic nature of the material, its dynamic response could be complicated and deviate from the desired harmonic oscillation pattern. To achieve precise control over the outputs, we employ a PID controller to build a closed-loop feedback control and demonstrate its feasibility to correct most of the undesired outputs such as nonlinear oscillation, beating phenomenon, phase lag and so on.
RIVERINE INFLUENCE ON ESTUARIES: A CASE STUDY

: The Mobile Bay, Alabama estuary is a moderate-size, shallow, semi-enclosed coastal embayment with a simple triangular shape and a small tidal amplitude. It is also the terminus of the fourth largest river system in the United States, in terms of discharge, and the sixth largest on the North American continent. The average discharge of the Mobile River System is approximately 1,750 m3sec-1 and the 10 and 90 percentile discharges are approximately 4,250 and 370 m3sec-1, respectively. Waters from the system have a multi-faceted impact on the Mobile Bay. Discharges in excess of 7,000 m3sec-1 are considered flooding and if they prevail over extended periods (10 to 15 days), can turn most of the bay into a near limnetic environment. Low-flow intervals, discharges less than 500 m3sec-1, allow the upper bay waters to reach salinities < 26 ppt. Between these extreme conditions the river waters exhibit a variety of dispersion patterns as a function of specific discharge rate, local wind fields and amplitude of the astronomical tide, which results in significant longitudinal, lateral, and vertical salinity variations.
An efficient numerical algorithm with adaptive regularization for parameter estimations

Publisher Summary Many engineering applications require numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). This chapter discusses a numerical algorithm for estimating unknown coefficients in a system of two-dimensional parabolic PDES. The new algorithm features efficient calculation of sensitivity coefficients, accurate treatment of measurements at different time steps, and adaptive regularization process. Based on how the sensitivity coefficients are calculated, most of the existing parameter estimation algorithms can be classified into two categories: one is based on the direct difference method, which is computationally inefficient for large-scale problems, and the other is based on the adjoint equation method, in which a separate adjoint equation(s) must be solved. In this study, the first-order perturbation and the multi-time step methods is extended to system of PDEs for efficient calculation of sensitivity coefficient. An efficient and practical adaptive regularization algorithm is also developed in this paper to improve the stability and accuracy of the solution process. Further, numerical results from various test cases are discussed to demonstrate the implementation of the algorithm and improvement in accuracy.
Persistent Psychosis due to Single Dose of Ecstasy

Ecstasy, a popular drug among the younger generation, the primary psychoactive component of which is 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), is rarely known to have acute psychiatric effects and when it does, it is usually short term. We describe a patient who presented to the emergency room in a psychotic state after using ecstasy recreationally. Given his aggressive behavior in the community and risk for self-harm, he was emergently hospitalized to ensure safety. He developed persistent psychotic symptoms (delusions) after one dose of recreational MDMA and the team had the opportunity to observe, monitor, and treat his psychosis. This case along with few other documented cases highlights the gaps in research about the chronic, persistent effects and long-term consequences of MDMA. It also suggests that neuropsychiatric symptoms may not be readily reversible after cessation of use. There is an emphasis on the need for physicians to inquire about MDMA use and include it in toxicology screenings and as a potential differential diagnosis.
Identification of host fruit volatiles from hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) attractive to hawthorn-origin Rhagoletis pomonella flies

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) were used to identify volatile compounds from hawthorn fruit (Crataegus spp.) acting as behavioral attractants for hawthorn-infesting Rhagoletis pomonella flies. Consistent EAD activity was obtained for six chemicals: ethyl acetate (94.3%), 3-methylbutan-1-ol (4.0%), isoamyl acetate (1.5%), 4,8-dimethyl-1,3(E),7-nonatriene (0.07%), butyl hexanoate (0.01%), and dihydro-beta-ionone (0.10%). In a flight-tunnel bioassay, there was a dose-related increase in the percentage of flies flying upwind to the six-component mixture. Hawthorn-origin flies also made equivalent levels of upwind flight with the synthetic blend and an adsorbent extract of volatiles collected from whole fruit, each containing the same amount of the 3-methylbutan-1-ol compound. Significantly lower levels of upwind flight occurred to a previously identified volatile blend of ester compounds that attracts R. pomonella flies infesting domestic apples, compared with the hawthorn volatile mix. Selected subtraction assays showed further that the four-component mixture of 3-methylbutan-1-ol, 4,8-dimethyl-1,3(E),7-nonatriene, butyl hexanoate, and dihydro-beta-ionone also elicited levels of upwind flight equivalent to the six-component mix. Removal of 3-methylbutan-1-ol from the four-component blend resulted in complete loss of upwind flight behavior. Removal of dihydro-beta-ionone, 4,8-dimethyl-1,3(E),7-nonatriene, or butyl hexanoate from the four-component mixture resulted in significant decreases in the mean number of upwind flights compared to the four- or six-component mixtures.
Hepatic copper concentrations in 546 dogs (1982-2015).

Background Copper associated hepatitis (CAH) has been increasingly recognized in dogs, and speculation exists that hereditary defects in copper metabolism have been exacerbated by increased environmental copper exposure. However, no broad epidemiological investigations have been performed to investigate quantitative hepatic copper concentrations ([Cu]H ) over time in both dogs that are (predisposed breed [PB]), and are not (non-predisposed breed [NPB]), considered at-risk for CAH. Objectives To investigate [Cu]H in dogs and explore temporal, demographic, and histologic associations spanning 34 years. Animals 546 archived liver specimens. Methods Retrospective study. Searches of the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory database identified dogs that had undergone hepatic histopathologic assessment. Cases with archived tissue were reviewed and classified by breed, time period, and presence or absence of hepatitis. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine [Cu]H . Results In time period 2009-2015, median [Cu]H were 101 μg/g and 313 μg/g greater than median [Cu]H in time period 1982-1988 for NPB and PB dogs, respectively (P 300 μg/g increased in NPB (28% to 49%) and PB dogs (48% to 71%) during these periods (P = .002 for both comparisons). Median [Cu]H in dogs with hepatitis increased 3-fold over time in both NPB (P = .004) and PB populations (P Conclusions and clinical importance The frequent recognition of CAH in recent years is likely due to the observed increases in [Cu]H over time. Importantly, effects are not limited to PB dogs.
Outbursts: An Evolutionary Approach to Emotions in the Mediation Context

Evolutionary psychology offers a powerful framework for understanding the ultimate function of emotions, and that understanding can be applied usefully in the mediation context. In this article, we first introduce the relevant theoretical foundational assumptions of the evolutionary approach to emotions and then use anger and gratitude to illustrate the evolved functions and effects of emotions on cognition and behavior before exploring specific implications for mediation. We also discuss mediator strategies for leveraging anger and gratitude, as well as the potential for future research applying an evolutionary approach to understanding emotions in mediation.
TCTAP C-049 Dealing with an Ulcerated Plaque at the Ostium of the Left Anterior Descending Artery

### Patient Initials or Identifier Number RBA ### Relevant Clinical History and Physical Exam Mrs. RBA, a 53-year-old lady with underlying poorly controlled Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension and Ischemic Heart Disease was referred to our center after a preliminary coronary angiogram was performed
Phylogenetic Tree of Artemisia Species (A. campestris, A. carruthii, A. dracunculus, A. filifolia and A. ludoviciana) in Kansas Based on Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics

Artemisia, a wide spread and diverse genus in the family Asteraceae, includes five native species common in Kansas, particularly in the western half of the state. These include Artemisia campestris (field sagewort), A. carruthii (sagewort), A. dracunculus (tarragon), A. filifolia (Louisiana wormwood) and A. ludoviciana (sand sage). Using both fresh material and herbarium specimens, we completed a comparative morphological and anatomical study of roots, stems, leaves and inflorescences to construct a phylogenetic tree of the Kansas species. Antennaria neglecta was used as an outgroup for the analysis. Morphological measurements were made with a vernier caliper or with a fine metric ruler under a dissecting microscope. For the anatomical study, we examined sectioned material prepared from fresh collections and rehydrated herbarium specimens. There was no significant difference in measurements obtained in specimens from these two sources. A total of 46 characteristics were used to construct a phylogenetic tree of the Kansas species. Our objectives were to compare our tree to the molecular tree published by Watson et al. (2002), which included more than 50 species in the genus, sensu lata, but not A. caruhii, and to place the latter species into the tree. The typologies of our tree and the molecular tree were congruent and we were able to place A. carruhii into the clade they identify as Artemisia subgenus Dracunculus, which also contains A. compestris and A. dracunculus. Both trees identified A. ludoviciana and A. filifolia as sister species in the same clade (their Artemisia subgenus Artemisia).
Association of US News & World Report Top Ranking for Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Operation With Patient Outcomes in Abdominal Procedures.

Importance TheUS News & World Report(USNWR) annual ranking of the best hospitals for gastroenterology and gastrointestinal operations provides guidance and referral of care for medical and surgical gastrointestinal conditions. Objective To investigate whetherUSNWRtop-ranked hospitals for gastroenterology and gastrointestinal surgical procedures are associated with improvements in patient outcomes, compared with nonranked hospitals, in common advanced laparoscopic abdominal operations. Design, Setting, and Participants This study used the Vizient database, which contains administrative, clinical, and financial inpatient information of index hospitalizations for US academic centers and their affiliated hospitals that are members of Vizient. Data were obtained on advanced laparoscopic abdominal operations performed from January 1, 2017, through December 31, 2017, atUSNWRtop-ranked hospitals (n = 16 296 operations) and nonranked hospitals (n = 35 573 operations). Abdominal operations included bariatric, colorectal, and hiatal hernia procedures. Operations on patients younger than 18 years, emergent cases, conversion cases, and patients with extreme severity of illness were excluded. Main Outcomes and Measures Outcome measures included in-hospital mortality, mortality index (observed to expected mortality ratio), serious morbidity, length of stay, and cost. Results A total of 51 869 advanced laparoscopic abdominal operations were performed at 351 academic health centers and their community affiliates. Of these procedures, 16 296 (31.4%) were performed at 41 top-ranked hospitals and 35 573 (68.6%) at 310 nonranked hospitals. The annual case volume at top-ranked hospitals was 397 compared with 114 at nonranked hospitals. Between top-ranked and nonranked hospitals, no significant differences were found in in-hospital mortality (0.04% vs 0.07%;P = .33) or serious morbidity (1.06% vs 1.02%;P = .75). Compared with nonranked hospitals, advanced laparoscopic abdominal operations performed at top-ranked hospitals had higher mean costs ($7128 [$4917] vs $7742 [$6787];P Conclusions and Relevance Although, among academic centers, the annual volume of advanced laparoscopic abdominal operations was 3-fold higher forUSNWRtop-ranked hospitals compared with nonranked hospitals, the volume did not appear to be associated with improved patient outcomes.
Identifying Phytochemicals from Biomedical Literature Utilizing Semantic Knowledge Sources

Chemicals derived from plants (phytochemicals) are major concepts of interest in the study of medicinal plants. To date, efforts to catalogue and organize phytochemical knowledge have resorted to manual approaches. This study explored the potential to leverage publicly accessible semantic knowledge sources for identifying possible phytochemicals. Within the context of this feasibility study, putative phytochemicals were identified for more than 4,000 plants from the Medical Subject Headings Supplementary Concept Records and the Semantic MEDLINE Database. An examination of phytochemicals identified for five selected plant species using the method developed here reveals that there is a disparity in electronically catalogued phytochemical knowledge compared to information from Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases maintained by the United States Department of Agriculture. The results therefore suggest that semantic knowledge sources for biomedicine can be utilized as a source for identifying potential phytochemicals and thus contribute to the overall curation of plant phytochemical knowledge.
‘Tum Log Yeh Shabd Ke Peechhey Kyon Parh Jaate Ho?’: Language, abjection and queer masculinity in Hansal Mehta’s Aligarh

This article examines how the representation of abject masculinity resists queer erasure in Hansal Mehta’s 2016 film Aligarh. Shortly after the Delhi High Court delegitimized the homophobic Section...
Accelerated simulations of direct shear tests by physics engine

Physics engines, originally developed to simulate physical and mechanical processes in modern video games, are increasingly used as a scientific computational platform in many disciplines due to their high computational efficiency. This study explores the feasibility of using an open-source physics engine, Project Chrono, to simulate direct shear tests. This study develops a series of pre-processing, servo-controlling, and post-processing functions in Project Chrono to generate soil specimens with designed packing densities, perform direct shear tests, and output simulation results including stress–strain relations, fabrics, and force chains. To determine inter-particle contact forces, typical DEM codes use soft contact models, while most physics engines use hard contact models. The hard contact model enables physics engines to use large time steps in iterations without affecting the numerical stability and simulation accuracy, which remarkably reduces simulation time compared with typical DEM codes. Based on systematical comparisons between simulation results of two contact models, this study demonstrates that the hard contact model can yield the same direct shear test results observed in soft contact model simulations, but is ten times faster than the soft contact model for simulating the same number of particles. This study may provide DEM modelers with the physics engine as one more option for soil behavior simulation.
Undergraduates as Interdisciplinary Researchers: Gains in Competencies and Conceptual Knowledge

This study measured competencies and conceptual knowledge developed by undergraduates who participated in a 2-month interdisciplinary research project at a large urban university in Southeast US. W...
Women’s decision-making roles in vegetable production, marketing and income utilization in Nepal’s hills communities

Abstract Women in rural Nepal are increasingly interested in vegetable production and marketing (VPM) to earn income. Such innovative behavior conflicts with traditional patriarchal socio-cultural norms and is still relatively rare. Constrained by limited economic opportunities, smallholder households are increasingly under pressure to meet livelihood needs. In depth interviews, focus group discussions and field observations reveal family members, especially husbands and wives, jointly initiate VPM and collectively contest any unfavorable socio-cultural practices against women in these activities. Earning income, training, exposure visits, peer learning, women’s group activities and program subsidies strongly support women’s negotiations with their husbands and extended family members regarding continued and intensified VPM and expanded decision-making roles. Young and educated women more commonly contest restrictive practices and participate in all types of important decisions. Women manage household cash, have more freedom to spend income, and feel a strong sense of dignity and empowerment. However, some women still rely on their husbands for important decisions and are hesitant to travel to markets for training and exposure visits. Overall, we find clear evidence of women as active decision makers, farm managers and income earners.
Amsterdam’s Canal District: Origins, evolution, and future prospects, by Jan Nijman (ed.): Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 2020

The Amsterdam Canal District, edited by Jan Nijman, makes an important contribution to the historic preservation literature and, more generally, to writings on global cities. Whereas most books on ...
Acute abducens nerve palsy following COVID-19 vaccination.

We report the case of a healthy 59-year-old woman who presented with an acute abducens nerve palsy 2 days after receiving the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. In adults, such palsies are typically caused by microvascular disease or compressive tumors, although they have also been described after routine vaccinations. Given the temporal relationship between vaccination and the onset of symptoms, the lack of preexisting medical conditions, and unremarkable magnetic resonance imaging, the patient's abducens nerve palsy was felt to be related to her vaccination. This case highlights the importance of recognizing the potential of a COVID-19 vaccine to have neurologic sequelae similar to those that as have been reported with the virus itself as well as with other vaccines.
Single Case Design: Changing Practices of Early Intervention Professionals Serving Children with Visual Impairments

The purpose of this single case study was to investigate if a functional relation existed between online training and coaching, and early interventionists’ use of an approach to practice meant to facilitate family-centered practices. Four professional/family dyads participated in the study. Three of the four professionals demonstrated an immediate increase in fidelity to the approach following online training. Fidelity levels were significantly higher in intervention when supported by coaching than in baseline, although variability was observed. While maintenance data were lower than during intervention, fidelity levels were higher in maintenance than in baseline. Three issues emerged from this study that are worthy of discussion. Change in practice was observed as a result of online training. In addition, online coaching through the use of video recordings was found to be an effective method for impacting practice. Finally, the results revealed that coaching could be effective even between unfamiliar professionals. The study has implications for preservice and in-service training programs in regard to the effectiveness of online technologies for training and coaching.
Medical nutrition therapy using plant-focused low-protein meal plans for management of chronic kidney disease in diabetes.

Purpose of review Nearly half of all Americans with chronic kidney disease (CKD) also have type-2-diabetes (T2D). Whereas traditional and emerging pharmacotherapies are increasingly frequently used for the management of CKD in diabetes (CKD/DM), the role of integrated or multimodal interventions including the potentially synergistic and additive effect of diet and lifestyle modifications in addition to pharmacotherapy has not been well examined, in sharp contrast to the well-known integrated approaches to heart disease. Recent findings Low-carbohydrate low-fat diets are often recommended in T2D, whereas low-protein diets (LPD) are recommended by guidelines for nondiabetic CKD with increasing emphasis on plant-based protein sources. High-protein diets with greater animal protein lead to glomerular hyperfiltration, especially in patients with T2D, and faster decline in renal function. Guidelines provide differing recommendations regarding the amount (low vs high) and source (plant vs animal) of dietary protein intake (DPI) in CKD/DM. Some such as KDIGO recommend 0.8 g/kg/day based on insufficient evidence for DPI restriction in CKD/DM, whereas KDOQI and ISRNM recommend a DPI of 0.6 to 50% plant-based sources, high dietary fiber, low glycemic index, and 25-35 Cal/kg/day energy, can be implemented by renal dietitians under Medical Nutrition Therapy. Summary Potential risks vs benefits of high vs low protein intake in CKD/DM is unknown, for which expert recommendations remain opinion based. Randomized controlled studies are needed to examine safety, acceptability and efficacy of PLAFOND.
Towards a Jurisprudence of Emergency: Colonialism and the Rule of Law

This article revisits an infamous incident in colonial India -- the Amritsar massacre of 1919 -- in order to explore larger questions of the place of martial law and emergency in jurisprudence. By focusing on modes of power in the colonial realm, and the productive role of the colonies in the conception of modern law, it tests the claims of a rule of law and declarations of emergency. The argument tries to show how these two terms are, in fact, relational in theories of colonial discourse and of legal positivism. As such, it reads H.L.A. Hart’s, The Concept of Law and instances from the colonial archive against one another.
Added Moment of Inertia of Two-Dimensional Cylinders

This paper treats the classical problem of a two-dimensional body rotating in an ideal unbounded fluid. The added moment of inertial is derived, after mapping the body profile onto a straight line and using Hilbert techniques to solve the resulting boundary-value problem in the transformed plane. Specific geometries considered are a circle with symmetric fins, and a square. The method of solution differs from that which is commonly used, and the present results are simpler or more accurate by comparison with earlier works.
Uncertainty estimates for surface nuclear magnetic resonance water content and relaxation time profiles from bootstrap statistics

Abstract A method for estimating uncertainty in surface nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) water content and relaxation times utilizing bootstrapping statistics is presented. Bootstrapping is particularly well suited for assigning uncertainty to the surface NMR data set due to the primary factor that degrades surface NMR data quality: ambient electromagnetic noise. We use synthetic forward modeled data with various noise levels applied (the “known uncertainty”), and then demonstrate that a bootstrap resampling of the observed synthetic data can produce an uncertainty estimate that closely represents the “known uncertainty”. Finally, we present two field data sets collected under different magnitude ambient noise levels as examples illustrating the result of this approach under realistic noise conditions. This approach for estimating uncertainty is computationally intensive, but straightforward to implement and produces useful uncertainty estimates on both water content and relaxation time results for smooth surface NMR sounding models.
Age vs. Experience: Evaluation of a Video Feedback Intervention for Newly Licensed Teen Drivers

This project examines the effects of age, experience, and video-based feedback on the rate and type of safety-relevant events captured on video event recorders in the vehicles of three groups of newly licensed young drivers: (1) 14.5- to 15.5-year-old drivers who hold a minor school license; (2) 16-year-old drivers with an intermediate license who are driving unsupervised for the first time; and (3) 16-year-old drivers with an intermediate license who previously drove unsupervised for at least four months with a school license. The young drivers’ vehicles were equipped with an event-triggered video recording device for 24 weeks. Half of the participants received feedback regarding their driving, and the other half received no feedback at all and served as a control group. The number of safety-relevant events per 1,000 miles (i.e., “event rate”) was analyzed for 90 participants who completed the study. On average, the young drivers who received the video-based intervention had significantly lower event rates than those in the control group. This finding was true for all three groups. An effect of experience was seen for drivers in the control group; the 16-year-olds with driving experience had significantly lower event rates than the 16-year-olds without experience. When the intervention concluded, an increase in event rate was seen for the school license holders, but not for either group of 16-year-old drivers. There is strong evidence that giving young drivers video-based feedback, regardless of their age or level of driving experience, is effective in reducing the rate of safety-relevant events relative to a control group who do not receive feedback. Specific comparisons with regard to age and experience indicated that the age of the driver did not have an effect on the rate of safety-events, while experience did. Young drivers with six months or more of additional experience behind the wheel had nearly half as many safety-relevant events as those without that experience.
AIDS and the new medical gaze: bio-politics, AIDS, and homosexuality.

Abstract The essay argues that the contemporary resurgence of homophobia and the remedicalization of homosexuals in the wake of AIDS is, in part, an unintended but predictable effect of a quarter century of fractious identity-politics. Prominent gay and lesbian political strategies of the 1970s and 1980s borrowed heavily from increasingly discredited, if once politically correct, discourses that valorized individuals on the basis of membership in governmentally constructed bio-bureaucratic categories. Drawing on the work of prominent gay intellectuals, such as Foucault, Watney, and Richard Rodriguez, and locating their insights within the context of contemporary cultural and political conflicts, the essay argues that gay advocates who essentialize homosexual identity, however benignly, unwittingly participate in constituting the ground for an emergence of a neoeugenic movement at millennium's end. The essay concludes with the observation that escaping the conceptual prison of bio-bureaucratic categories i...
Dynamic Analysis of Elastomeric Components using the Finite Element Method

Material characterisation is fundamental to the effective design and analysis of elastomeric components; as a result many static test procedures and constitutive expressions have been developed over the years and subsequently used in Finite Element code. For many sealing applications quasi-static material properties have been used as an aid in design, typically for extreme and new structural configurations. Although it adequately captures the basic characteristics of a seal design it provides no information regarding the effects of dynamic excitation and how it affects the structural integrity of the seal. As a first order approximation interconversion relations were used to study dynamic effects on designs typically modeled with quasi-static material properties. Under dynamic loading it is possible for the contact force to fall below design tolerances.
A call for action: Lack of Men’s Health in pharmacy education

Abstract Topics related to Men’s Health are generally underappreciated in the pharmacy practice curriculum. Recent evidence is evaluated, while both relevance and barriers of Men’s Health integration are reviewed.
Are Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Residents Trained Adequately in Alloplastic Total Temporomandibular Joint Replacement

Purpose To assess the current level of experience and training that oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) residents receive in alloplastic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) total joint replacement (TJR) at OMS training programs in the United States. Materials and Methods A questionnaire was developed using REDCap (Chicago, IL), and an on-line link was emailed to the program directors of all 101 OMS training programs in the United States accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation. The questionnaire included 20 questions related to the program's alloplastic TMJ TJR curriculum and clinical experience. In addition, a Likert scale was used to assess the respondents' opinions on resident training and the future of alloplastic TMJ TJR education and its clinical effect and usage. Results The study sample included 53 respondents (52.5%). Of the 53 responding OMS programs, 94% provide TMJ TJR didactic lectures presented by OMS faculty. The alloplastic TMJ TJR procedures averaged 0 to 6 annually per program; however, 25% of the programs reported more than 10 cases annually. Infection and continued pain were reported as the most common reasons for alloplastic TMJ TJR device replacement. Conclusions It appears that adequate didactic and clinical training is being provided to OMS residents in alloplastic TMJ TJR during their training. Additional studies might elucidate the actual geographic distribution of OMS surgeons who perform alloplastic TMJ TJR procedures.
Maternal Conflict Behavior Profiles and Child Social Skills

The current study examined associations between mothers’ behavioral profiles during mother-child conflict interactions and their children's social skills. This person-centered approach classified 181 mothers according to their levels of emotional responsiveness, intrusiveness, negativity, and engagement facilitation behaviors during an eight-minute conflict discussion task with their child. Three distinct classes of mothers were identified using latent profile analysis: sensitive/engaged, moderately sensitive/engaged, and insensitive/disengaged. An analysis of covariance indicated that children of mothers in the sensitive/engaged group had significantly higher social skills than children of mothers in the moderately sensitive/engaged and insensitive/disengaged groups. Results suggest that mother-child conflict interactions may benefit children's social development when mothers facilitate their children's participation in a highly sensitive manner.
Apparatus for collection of urine from female infants.

THE COLLECTION of complete, uncontaminated urine specimens from female infants up to the time when toilet training is established without resorting to the use of a catheter has long been a problem on pediatric services. The apparatus described here has been found helpful in alleviating this problem. [See FIG. 1. in Source Pdf.] DESCRIPTION OF APPARATUS As shown in Figure 1, this collection apparatus consists of a small, quadrangular piece of plastic material (Section A), shaped to fit the contour of the female perineum, to which is attached plastic tubing (Section B-D). This apparatus is placed over the patient9s penineum and is held firmly in place by means of cotton straps (Section E.) The collection tubing may either be nun under the knee of the patient and over the side of the bed into a collection bottle or may be dropped through a hole near the center of a metabolic mattress if one is available. Elevation of the head of the bed on 2-inch-high shock blocks facilitates drainage. When used for prolonged urine collections, irritation of the skin of the perineum can be avoided by releasing the straps and adapter every 6 to 8 hours just after a voiding. The perineal area can then be washed, dried and exposed to the air for a few minutes before reapplying the apparatus. The quadrangular adapter can be cleaned and reused. The tubing remains watertight for about 4 days and is replaced as indicated. COMMENTS Extensive use of this apparatus over the past 4 years in a wide variety of situations indicates that it greatly facilitates the collection of single, uncontaminated urine specimens even in the presence of profuse, watery diarrhea.
Fission rate of singlet excitons in a tetracene crystal measured with picosecond laser pulses

Abstract The fluorescenve lifetime of a tetracene crystal at room temperature was measured directly using picosecond techniques. The value obtained was 145±50 psec. The risetime of the fluorescence was
The kinetics of degradation of chloramphenicol in solution. II. Over-all disappearance rate from buffered solutions.

The rate of disappearance of chloramphenicol molecules, per se, from aqueous solution has been studied and shown to lie first order over a wide range of hydrogen-ion concentration. The data obtained indicate rather clearly that the rate of degradation is independent of the ionic strength of the medium employed for degradation. In addition, the rate of degradation appears to be substantially independent of the hydrogen-ion concentration of the system within the pH range 2–7. Very strong evidence exists to indicate that chloramphenicol degradation is general acid-base catalyzed. For example, monohydrogen phosphate ions, undissociated acetic acid molecules, and citrate-citric acid systems exert a definite catalytic effect upon the rate of antibiotic disappearance. The last example shows a rather complex relationship which might possibly be ascribed to the polybasic nature of citric acid and its ions, in which both electrophilic and nucleophilic functions are present within the same molecule.
Viability assessment in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes after xenobiotic exposure

Abstract Troglitazone, bosentan and glibenclamide inhibit the bile salt export pump (Bsep) which transports taurocholate into bile. Sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes maintain functional sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide and Bsep transport proteins, and may be useful to study inhibition of transport by xenobiotics at concentrations below the lowest observable adverse effect level (LOAEL). The purpose of this study was to compare viability assessments determined with the neutral red, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alamar blue, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and propidium iodide assays in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes following exposure to xenobiotics known to inhibit Bsep, and to define the LOAEL for these xenobiotics in this system. The neutral red assay was not amenable to use in this model due to crystal formation on the collagen. Troglitazone decreased viability in every assay examined, with a LOAEL ∼ 100 μM. Bosentan also decreased viability as measured by the LDH, MTT and propidium iodide assays, with a LOAEL ∼ 200 μM; however, a significant decrease in viability was not observed with the alamar blue assay. Glibenclamide did not decrease viability with any assay at the xenobiotic concentrations examined in this study. Based on the results of this study, the LDH or propidium iodide assays would be the methods of choice to assess viability in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes after xenobiotic exposure.
Patterned Growth and Transfer of ZnO Micro and Nanocrystals with Size and Location Control

ZnO microand nanostructures have been produced using a large number of different synthetic routes, and the applications that utilize their unique properties keep increasing. The 3.3 eV direct bandgap and 60 meV exciton binding energy is exploited in ultraviolet optoelectronics, room-temperature lasing, and solar cells applications; extremely long photocarrier lifetimes have been observed yielding UV photodetectors with 10 internal gain; the optical properties in combination with n-type conduction support transparent transistor and display applications, while the piezoelectricity is utilized in power generation and force sensing applications. The integration of these device prototypes on a wafer scale will require access to ZnO microand nanostructures with a variety of dimensions at known locations. A wet-chemical approach is desirable for reasons of processing cost when compared with gas-phase methods, and a number of patterned and seeded growth methods have been reported. Patterned self-assembled monolayers with hydrophobic and hydrophilic endgroups have been used on silver or silicon substrates yielding densely packed 400 nm diameter and 2mm long ZnO nanorods in regions that were 2mm wide with empty areas in between. Out-of-plane orientation varied but has been improved by seeding ZnO nanocrystals through thermal oxidation of zinc acetate. Perfect vertical orientation, however, requires substrates such as GaN, MgAl2O4, [20] or sapphire, which can be partially masked with photoresist to achieve patterned growth. Qualitatively all of these methods produce nanorods in the seeded or unmasked areas with limited control over the location and density. Continued growth leads to coalescence into a polycrystalline film as the diameter increases with grain boundaries and defects in between. Continued growth in combination with photoresist has also been reported to lead to a lateral overgrowth; a previously reported concept to produce high-quality GaN thin films. For ZnO on MgAl2O4, lateral growth over patterned photoresist improved the dislocation density by a factor of 100 compared to the window region containing coalesced nanorods. Subsequent growth using a second window yielded continuous ZnO thin films with reduced dislocations.