cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
ARTE, CATARSE E EDUCAÇÃO

O artigo que segue pretende, por meio de pesquisa bibliografica, revisitar o conceito de catarse a partir da perspectiva do materialismo historico, sob a figura de Georg Lukacs, colocando-o em dialogo com a educacao e, principalmente, com o ensino da arte. Para tanto, inicia ao fazer uma reflexao sobre a importância do ensino da arte na atualidade e, a seguir, aborda a arte e a catarse a partir das ideias de Lukacs. Finaliza o texto ao apresentar as relacoes entre a catarse e o trabalho educativo. Conclui que as reflexoes suscitadas pela obra de arte podem ser potencializadas pela parceria escola/ espaco expositivo, desencadeando processos catarticos que contribuem com a construcao de um olhar agucado, aliado a um senso critico apurado, bem como para o estabelecimento de novas relacoes com a realidade. Abstract The article that follows aims, by means of bibliographical research, revisiting the concept of catharsis from the perspective of historical materialism, under the figure of Georg Lukacs, putting it into dialogue with education and, especially, with the teaching of art. To this end, starts to make a reflec­tion about the importance of art education today, and then discusses the art and the catharsis from the ideas of Lukacs. Finalizes the text to the present relations between the catharsis and the educational work. Concludes that the reflections caused by the work of art can be potentiated by the partnership school/exhibition space, triggering cathartic processes that contribute to the construction of a sharp eye, combined with a sharp critical sense, as well as to the establishment of new relations with reality. Keywords: Art. Catharsis. Education. Referencias CHISTE, P. de S. O processo catartico no ensino da arte : uma parceria entre escola e espaco expositivo. 2007. 234f. Dissertacao (Mestrado em Educacao) – Faculdade de Educacao, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, 2007. DUAYER, J. T. Lukacs e a arquitetura . 2003. 175f. Tese (Doutorado em Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas) – Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 2003. DUARTE, N. Educacao escolar, teoria do cotidiano e a escola de Vigotski . Campinas: Autores Associados, 1996. FOERSTE, E. Parceria na formacao de professores . Sao Paulo: Cortez, 2005. FOERSTE, G. M. S. Leitura de imagens: um desafio a educacao contemporânea. Vitoria: EDUFES, 2004. FONTANA, R. A. Cacao. Mediacao pedagogica na sala de aula . Campinas: Autores Associados, 2005. LUKACS, G. Estetica 1-La peculiaridad de lo estetico . Barcelona: Ediciones Grijaldo, 1966. ________. As bases ontologicas do pensamento e da atividade do homem. Temas de ciencias humanas , Sao Paulo, n. 4, p. 1-18, 1978. SAVIANI, D. Escola e democracia . Sao Paulo: Cortez; Autores Associados, 1991. VIGOTSKI, L. S. Pensamento e linguagem . Sao Paulo: Martins Fontes, 1989. Data de registro: 23/03/2014 Data de aceite: 17/12/2014
Live Trapping Mink in British Columbia

There have been few live-trapping studies of mink ( Mustela vision ), as McCabe (Jour. Mamm., 30 : 415—423, 1949) has pointed out. This is difficult to explain in view of its wide range, its value as fur, and the ease with which it may be trapped. Live trapping and tagging mink was a low priority study in Wells Gray Park, British Columbia, from 1951 to 1954. This work was undertaken in slack periods between studies given higher priority. It was designed primarily to test trapping and tagging techniques preliminary to a more detailed study planned for the future. Some data on the extent of movements accumulated and is included here. McCabe ( loc. cit. ) has reported on a similar study in Wisconsin. Using wooden box-traps, putrid bait, and a variety of means of recognizing individuals, he laid a solid foundation for further live trapping studies. The present study had comparable success with different traps and bait. An additional difference existed in the present study, for the park and its vicinity are contained in a number of registered trap lines. Since the population studied would be subject to commercial trapping, a marking method easily recognized by local trappers was essential. Such marking would enable trappers to report upon tagged animals taken and would also give data on the effect of commercial trapping upon the population. Limited live trapping took place on most major waters in the southern half of the park, all of which is a wild area and some of which is undisturbed wilderness. Intensive trapping effort was confined to a 1.2 mile stretch of Hemp Creek where it meanders through hay fields and pastures in the vicinity of several small farms adjacent to the park. The elevation here is about 2100 feet. A brief description of the topography and vegetation of …
TaxDC: A Taxonomy of Non-Deterministic Concurrency Bugs in Datacenter Distributed Systems

We present TaxDC, the largest and most comprehensive taxonomy of non-deterministic concurrency bugs in distributed systems. We study 104 distributed concurrency (DC) bugs from four widely-deployed cloud-scale datacenter distributed systems, Cassandra, Hadoop MapReduce, HBase and ZooKeeper. We study DC-bug characteristics along several axes of analysis such as the triggering timing condition and input preconditions, error and failure symptoms, and fix strategies, collectively stored as 2,083 classification labels in TaxDC database. We discuss how our study can open up many new research directions in combating DC bugs.
Structural Control and Catalytic Reactivity of Peptide-Templated Pd and Pt Nanomaterials for Olefin Hydrogenation

Diverse classes of metallic nanostructures have been explored recently for a variety of applications, including energy efficient catalytic transformations. The morphology, size, and local chemical environment of the catalytic nanomaterials can have dramatic effects on their reactivity. Herein, we demonstrate a peptide-template-based approach for the synthesis of Pd and Pt nanostructures of varying morphologies under ambient conditions. In this report, we examine the effect of the metal/peptide ratio over an expansive range to demonstrate the stepwise production of materials ranging from nanospheres to nanoparticle networks for the Pd structures. Interestingly, when the metallic composition was changed to Pt, only spherical materials were generated, indicating that the metallic composition of the nanostructures plays a key role in the final morphology. The hydrogenation of allyl alcohol was then employed as a model reaction to examine the catalytic reactivity of these metallic nanomaterials. Under environm...
Privacy in practice: professional discourse about information control in health care

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore different health care professionals’ discourse about privacy – its definition and importance in health care, and its role in their day-to-day work. Professionals’ discourse about privacy reveals how new technologies and laws challenge existing practices of information control within and between professional groups in health care, with implications not only for patient privacy, but also for the role of information control in professions more generally. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with n=83 doctors, nurses, and health information professionals in two academic medical centers and one veteran’s administration hospital/clinic in the Northeastern USA. Interview responses were qualitatively coded for themes and patterns across groups were identified. Findings – The health care providers and the authors studied actively sought to uphold the protection (and control) of patient information through professi...
Posttranslational processing and targeting of transgenic human defensin in murine granulocyte, macrophage, fibroblast, and pituitary adenoma cell lines

Human defensins are 29 to 30 amino acid (aa) antimicrobial peptides that are among the principal constituents of the neutrophil's azurophil granules. To determine the tissue specificity of posttranslational processing and subcellular targeting of defensins, the cDNA for a 94 aa human preprodefensin was transduced into murine cell lines (NIH 3T3 embryonic fibroblasts, AtT-20 pituitary adenoma, J774.1 and RAW 264.7 macrophages, and 32D and 32D cl3 granulocytes) using retroviral vectors. All transduced cell types expressed and to a variable extent constitutively secreted a 75 aa prodefensin formed by the removal of the amino terminal signal sequence. In AtT-20 cells, the 75 aa form accumulated intracellularly in granules and was releasable by secretagogues. Proteolytic processing to mature defensins was seen only in myeloid cells (J774.1, RAW 264.7, 32D, and 32D cl3). Newly formed mature defensin was rapidly degraded in J774.1 and RAW 264.7 macrophages, but accumulated stably in multivesicular bodies in 32D cells and in cytoplasmic granules of 32D cl3 cells. Our data suggest that the enzymatic and transport machinery required to process preprodefensin to mature defensin and to store it in cytoplasmic granules is a specialized feature of cells of granulocytic lineage.
Thyroid hormone testing in the 21st century

Thyroid dysfunction and treatment follow up require accurate measurement of thyroid hormones. Most thyroid disease is treated on an outpatient basis; thus, assays have to be rapid and cost effective for optimal patient care. There are no rapid or point-of-care thyroid tests yet available, which could replace centralized automated thyroid testing. With the high population of thyroid dysfunction, it is important for thyroid assays to be available widely and locally. Immunoassays are most commonly used due to their ease and availability, but are limited in their accuracy. MS assays are much more specific, but are laborious with a high machine cost. Many hospitals may not be able to afford the machines and lack technical expertise. Sensitivity, specificity and standardization issues still result in substantial differences between various tests currently used for this population. To address these issues, new performance standards are being established by the professional organizations and technological advancements are being undertaken by instrument manufacturers. Automation solution is provided by various manufacturers and offers a choice for the hospital labs to select a platform which helps in their workflow and other chemistry testing. This has also resulted in decentralization and easy access to the thyroid testing. Even with these advancements, it is understandably confusing for clinicians to choose an assay for various clinical scenarios (20). As it becomes more available and standardized, LC-MS will continue to demonstrate its superiority to immunoassay.
Fractionation of Soluble Ribonucleic Acid on Diethylaminoethyl Sephadex with a pH and Salt Gradient for Elution

Abstract A new method for the chromatographic fractionation of soluble ribonucleic acid (sRNA) is described. A gradient of increasing salt and pH is employed to elute sRNA from diethylaminoethyl Sephadex. The resolution of sRNA species for 10 different amino acids obtained with this method is presented. There is evidence that resolution is dependent upon a change in sRNA from a partially denatured state at the beginning of elution to the native state at the end. The method, which has a large input capacity, provides good resolution of certain sRNA species. It is convenient to use and can be adapted for either preparative or analytical work.
Fretting and Corrosion at the Backside of Modular Cobalt Chromium Acetabular Inserts: A Retrieval Analysis.

Abstract Background Adverse local tissue reaction formation has been suggested to occur with the Modular Dual Mobility (MDM) acetabular design. Few reports in the literature have evaluated fretting and corrosion damage between the acetabular shell and modular metal inserts in this modular system. We evaluated a series of 18 retrieved cobalt chromium MDM inserts for evidence of fretting and corrosion. Methods We assessed the backsides of 18 MDM components for evidence of fretting and corrosion in polar and taper regions based on previously established methods. We collected and assessed 30 similarly designed modular inserts retrieved from metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasties as a control. Results No specific pattern of fretting or corrosion was identified on the MDM inserts. Both fretting and corrosion were significantly greater in the MoM cohort than the MDM cohort, driven by higher fretting and corrosion scores in the engaged taper region of the MoM inserts. Conclusion MoM components demonstrated more fretting and corrosion than MDM designs, specifically at the taper region, likely driven by differences in the taper engagement mechanism and geometry among the insert designs. The lack of significant fretting and corrosion observed in the MDM inserts are inconsistent with recent claims that this interface may produce clinically significant metallosis and adverse local tissue reactions.
Design and implementation of a distance-based, three-dimensional vision system

One technical challenge in the field of computer vision is to acquire information in three dimensions from an arbitrary environment. There have been successful algorithms that focus on the precision and robustness, the 3D vision, or a generalized vision system, yet none of them performs very well in all these aspects and approach the level of human vision. The research problem of this project is to design and implement a distance-based, three-dimensional vision system, which is robust in a variety of arbitrary, dynamic environments. A RaspberryPi camera module and an ultrasonic sensor were adopted for the measurement of the surrounding. The data acquired are planned to be interpreted by the computer algorithm to create a three-dimensional model. To build the prototype, multiple pieces of equipment in the school lab were utilized, such as a laser cutter, omnidirectional wheels, servos and a RaspberryPi shield. Instructions of recreating the prototype is included in the Process section of the poster. Several qualitative and quantitative objectives were listed at the start of the project, and were assessed later by analyzing the frequency and accuracy of the parts. We look forward to a completed implementation of the project, which could be applied to future landscaping, human recognition, or robot soccer.
Abdominal Pain in Children: From the Eternal City to the Examination Room

Abdominal pain is a common presenting symptom in children. The differential diagnosis of abdominal pain is extensive; however, a vast majority of patients ultimately are diagnosed with functional abdominal pain disorders. Functional gastrointestinal disorders are defined using the recently released Rome IV criteria. These are not diagnoses of exclusion. If there are no alarm signs, the diagnosis may be made with a focused evaluation. Treatment of these disorders requires a biopsychosocial approach to the disorder and an individualized and multipronged treatment plan.
THE STRUCTURE OF THE COLLODION MEMBRANE AND ITS ELECTRICAL BEHAVIOR X. AN EXPERIMENTAL TEST OF SOME ASPECTS OF THE TEORELL AND MEYER-SIEVERS THEORIES OF ELECTRICAL MEMBRANE BEHAVIOR

1. The Teorell, Meyer-Sievers theory characterizes the electrochemical behavior of membranes by their selectivity constant "Ap" which is derived conventionally from concentration potential measurements at various concentration levels. The selectivity constant may, however, be derived also from entirely independent, different experimental data, namely base exchange studies. The constants arrived at in this second way are designated as "Ab." The selectivity constants derived by these two methods must be in reasonable, at least semiquantitative agreement if the basic assumptions of the theory are correct. 2. The selectivity constants Ap and Ab were determined for eleven different sets of membranes of different electrochemical activity and of different (8.2 to 80 volume per cent) water content. 3. The potentiometric selectivity constants Ap are in most cases several orders of magnitude greater than the corresponding Ab values. With membranes of great porosity and high electrochemical activity the Ab values approach at least in order of magnitude the Ap values. 4. It is concluded that the unexpectedly large discrepancy between the Ap and Ab values is due to some inherent weakness of the Teorell, Meyer-Sievers theory, most likely to its neglect of any structural factors.
Social media and JNIS: expanding the digital clique.

Social media have developed into popular platforms for promoting online content for individuals, businesses, and news media sites. Many peer-reviewed medical journals have followed suit to advertise recent publications.1 2 A randomized controlled trial of Journal of the American College of Radiology publications showed significantly increased page visits in those advertised with an organized social media strategy from editorial board members compared with a control arm.3 It is therefore not surprising that the impact indicated by social media traffic shortly after publication may be highly predictive of future citations.4 5 In February 2015, the Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery social media team began a campaign to expand the journal’s social media presence through Facebook and Twitter posts. These efforts began with tweets highlighting new online first publications followed by identical posts to the journal and Society of Neurointerventional Surgery (SNIS) Facebook pages. Each post was tagged with a shortened …
Aminoglycoside-Induced Cochleotoxicity: A Review

Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used as prophylaxis, or urgent treatment, for many life-threatening bacterial infections, including tuberculosis, sepsis, respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis, complex urinary tract infections and endocarditis. Although aminoglycosides are clinically-essential antibiotics, the mechanisms underlying their selective toxicity to the kidney and inner ear continue to be unraveled despite more than 70 years of investigation. The following mechanisms each contribute to aminoglycoside-induced toxicity after systemic administration: (1) drug trafficking across endothelial and epithelial barrier layers; (2) sensory cell uptake of these drugs; and (3) disruption of intracellular physiological pathways. Specific factors can increase the risk of drug-induced toxicity, including sustained exposure to higher levels of ambient sound, and selected therapeutic agents such as loop diuretics and glycopeptides. Serious bacterial infections (requiring life-saving aminoglycoside treatment) induce systemic inflammatory responses that also potentiate the degree of ototoxicity and permanent hearing loss. We discuss prospective clinical strategies to protect auditory and vestibular function from aminoglycoside ototoxicity, including reduced cochlear or sensory cell uptake of aminoglycosides, and otoprotection by ameliorating intracellular cytotoxicity.
“Whatever Was Once Associated with him, Continues to Bear his Stamp”: Articulating and Dissecting George S. Huntington and His Anatomical Collection

During the nineteenth century, professionalization of medicine led to dissection becoming a rite of passage for medical students. Familiarity with the relatively unknown interior of the body allowed doctors to produce knowledge and gain authority over their patients—both living and dead. Dichotomous notions of subject/object, living/dead, and inside/outside were reinforced, and the clinical experience of dissection was justified with the language of rationality and the pursuit of scientific progress. Emerging from this clinical tradition, the work of bioarchaeologists is typically seen as scientific, and their knowledge of the human skeletal system grants the ability to “read” bones. Medical detachment allows for the othering of human remains, and yet neither profession would exist without inter-corporeal relations with the dead. This chapter explores such mutually constituting relations in the life and work of Dr. George Sumner Huntington (1861–1927) and the skeletal collection that bears his name, which consists of some 3600 individuals who died in New York City between 1893 and 1921. These bodies, from the marginalized classes of society whose debts, it was argued, could be repaid by having their corpses dissected and curated for the sake of medical knowledge. Through time, these individuals became increasingly fragmented and anonymous, while Huntington’s status solidified and grew. Yet both bear the marks of the other, leaving a legacy of entangled identities for contemporary scholars to (re)negotiate.
Fresh Precut Osteochondral Allograft Core Transplantation for the Treatment of Femoral Cartilage Defects

Fresh osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation is a successful single-stage procedure for the treatment of symptomatic cartilage defects of the knee. Although long-term studies reveal reliable improvements in patient-reported outcome scores and graft survival, the limitations of the procedure include graft availability and timely use prior to expiration. To avoid prolonged surgical wait times and progression of lesion size, some surgeons have employed the use of nonorthotopic grafts (e.g., lateral femoral condyle graft for a medial femoral condyle lesion). Additionally, fresh precut OCA cores can be used for smaller symptomatic lesions, thereby precluding surgical delays associated with donor-recipient size matching. We describe our preferred technique for the use of fresh precut OCA cores for the treatment of small osteochondral defects of the knee. The distinct advantages of this technique include single-stage restoration of the articular surface without the donor site morbidity observed with osteochondral autograft transplantation.
Glueballs, A Little Review

I review the status of glueballs according to various theoretical and experimental viewpoints. I also discuss the question of whether such a state has, to date, been observed.
Writing Research Articles for Publication

Writing is critical to the professional development of scientist-practitioners in pediatric and clinical child psychology in several respects: Professional success in academic settings depends on consistent contributions to the scientific literature. Writing is also the primary vehicle that is used to communicate with colleagues about one’s research. Over and beyond the pragmatic importance of scientific writing to the professional careers of pediatric and clinical child psychologists, this endeavor provides an unique way to clarify one’s thinking and is an intellectually exciting activity, which can provide a welcome alternative to the high-stress, action-oriented world of the practitioner.
Development and Use of Climatologies of Convective Weather

Estimates of the occurrence (“climatologies”) of convective phenomena in time, space, and intensity can be useful in a variety of contexts. They provide background for forecasters, and the risk management and meteorological research communities. In part, because of the different needs of those user groups, caution must be applied when developing and using climatologies, especially if the intended application is outside of the original intent of the developers.
Cooling off hot hearts: a specific therapy for vulnerable plaque?

A few decades ago, cardiac pathologists taught us that coronary atheroma can be either stable or vulnerable. The vulnerable plaque has the key histological features of local inflammation: a higher temperature, roughly 4 times more macrophages than stable plaques, and a thin fibrous cap only one-
Hypocapnic cerebral hypoperfusion: A biomarker of orthostatic intolerance

The objective of the study was to identify markers of hypocapnic cerebral hypoperfusion (HYCH) in patients with orthostatic intolerance (OI) without tachycardia and without orthostatic hypotension. This single center, retrospective study included OI patients referred for autonomic evaluation with the 10 min tilt test. Heart rate, end-tidal CO2 (ET-CO2), blood pressure, and cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) from middle cerebral artery were monitored. HYCH was defined by: (1) Symptoms of OI; (2) Orthostatic hypocapnia (low ET-CO2); (3) Abnormal decline in orthostatic CBFv due to hypocapnia; 4) Absence of tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, or other causes of low CBFv or hypocapnia. Sixteen subjects met HYCH criteria (15/1 women/men, age 38.5±8.0 years) and were matched by age and gender to postural tachycardia patients (POTS, n = 16) and healthy controls (n = 16). During the tilt, CBFv decreased more in HYCH (-22.4±7.7%, p<0.0001) and POTS (-19.0±10.3%, p<0.0001) compared to controls (-3.0±5.0%). Orthostatic ET-CO2 was lower in HYCH (26.4±4.2 (mmHg), p<0.0001) and POTS (28.6±4.3, p<0.0001) compared to controls (36.9 ± 2.1 mmHg). Orthostatic heart rate was normal in HYCH (89.0±10.9 (BPM), p<0.08) and controls (80.8 ±11.2), but was higher in POTS (123.7±11.2, p<0.0001). Blood pressure was normal and similar in all groups. It is concluded that both HYCH and POTS patients have comparable decrease in CBFv which is due to vasoconstrictive effect of hypocapnia. Blood flow velocity monitoring can provide an objective biomarker for HYCH in OI patients without tachycardia.
Including Students with Severe Disabilities in Music Classrooms

Since the passing of what we now call the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, or IDEA, students who were previously educated in separate facilities or campuses are now educated in their ne...
Emergent Publics, Public Emergencies: The Importance of John Dewey in Jane Bennett’s Nonhuman Politics of Vital Materialism

The overarching argument of this chapter is that Jane Bennett’s project of vital materialism can be construed as doing pragmatist work, specifically in her use of John Dewey to frame publics as inclusive of the nonhuman and her valuing of this frame as a way to better the politics of disasters. The parallel argument of this chapter is that Dewey’s attention to the roles of nonhumans in generating and affecting publics has been overlooked and, given recent philosophical trends in new materialism and posthumanism, might be rediscovered and uncovered to further the role or pragmatist theory in contemporary political discussions, particularly in the context of disasters involving human and nonhuman bodies. Thus, the author argues, Bennett as a political theorist is both an overlooked pragmatist while simultaneously helping recover an overlooked part of pragmatism.
Expanded Notions of Strategic Instructional Leadership: The Principal's Role with Student Support Personnel:

Definitions of effective instructional leadership inadequately address supervision and strategic deployment of student support personnel as critical resources for school success. Counselors, psycho...
Isolating the effect of polymer-grafted nanoparticle interactions with matrix polymer from dispersion on composite property enhancement: The example of polypropylene/halloysite nanocomposites

Abstract Interfacial effects can significantly perturb the properties of nanocomposites. Modification of filler surfaces can improve filler dispersion and compatibilize the polymer-filler interface, leading to property enhancements relative to composites made with unmodified filler. Here, we have isolated the effect of interactions between matrix polymer and polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNs) from dispersion quality and studied how the interactions affect the properties of polypropylene (PP)/halloysite nanotube hybrids in the absence of entanglements between matrix PP and grafted PP. We prepared PP hybrids with pristine halloysite nanotubes (p-HNT) or PP-grafted halloysite nanotubes (PP-g-HNT) up to 10 wt% filler using melt mixing or solid-state shear pulverization (SSSP). For melt-mixed samples, PGN-type filler yields better property enhancement than pristine filler, consistent with the combination of improved dispersion and polymer-filler interactions. As shown by microscopy and rheology, hybrids prepared by SSSP with p-HNT and PP-g-HNT fillers have very similar, high levels of dispersion, eliminating dispersion quality as a factor in property improvements. In comparison with well-dispersed PP/p-HNT nanocomposites at the same filler level, well-dispersed PP/PP-g-HNT nanocomposites prepared by SSSP exhibit enhanced tensile strength but the same values within error of Young's modulus and elongation at break when there is no entanglement between matrix polymer and grafted chains. Notably, at the same filler level, well-dispersed PP/PP-g-HNT nanocomposites exhibit higher crystallization rate and nucleation efficiency (NE) that is 2.5–4.5 times higher than well-dispersed PP/p-HNT hybrids. The impact of grafted PP chains on NE is so strong that at the same filler level but with worse dispersion, PP/PP-g-HNT hybrids made by melt mixing exhibit NE values 2.1 to 3.4 times higher than well-dispersed PP/p-HNT nanocomposites made by SSSP.
Advanced Endoscopic Procedures: An Update for Radiologists

OBJECTIVE. The purposes of this article are to familiarize radiologists with endoscopic techniques currently in use and to improve identification of clinically relevant imaging findings and procedural complications related to common endoscopic interventions. CONCLUSION. The frequency of performance of therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound-guided procedures has risen precipitously in the last decade. These procedures are replacing surgical and percutaneous approaches to a variety of disease entities. Recent advances include endoscopic bariatric procedures, endoscopic myotomies, and endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage procedures.
Local anaesthetic techniques for post-caesarean delivery analgesia

Abstract In this narrative review we summarise pertinent data from published studies investigating the use of local anaesthetic techniques as adjuncts for managing post-caesarean delivery pain. Based on currently available evidence, ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP), quadratus lumborum (QL) and ilio-inguinal and iliohypogastric (ILIH) blocks are preferable to landmark techniques. When intrathecal morphine is used for caesarean delivery analgesia, TAP blocks do not confer any additional benefit. In the absence of intrathecal morphine, TAP blocks have been shown to reduce pain scores and opioid consumption in the first 24 h postoperatively. In the absence of intrathecal morphine, single-dose local anaesthetic wound infiltration also results in a moderate reduction in opioid consumption postoperatively. If a wound catheter is to be incorporated into a multimodal analgesic regimen, a position below the fascia and a continuous infusion of low-concentration local anaesthetic solutions should be considered. Intraperitoneal local anaesthetic instillation may be of benefit in patients who undergo peritoneal closure but larger studies are still needed. Quadratus lumborum and ILIH blocks show promising results but the data are limited, so recommendations for routine use cannot be made. In summary, evidence supports the use of local anaesthetic techniques for post-caesarean delivery pain but additional research is required to determine the optimum dosing regimens, and the potential role of liposomal local anaesthetics. Further studies are required to compare techniques and determine their role in conjunction with low-dose long-acting neuraxial opioids.
Abstract 494: Role of Slug / PIP Axis in Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Pulmonary Fibrosis

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to pulmonary fibrosis (PF-PH) is the second most common cause of PH. While never studied in detail, pathology reports suggest that vascular remodeling (VR) dif...
Selection of Controller Parameters of a Two-Mass Drive System Using the D-Decomposition Technique

This paper presents an application of the d-decomposition technique to the design of the control structure for a two-mass drive system. In the paper the main control approaches for the drive system with an elastic joint are briefly introduced. Then the investigated control structure for a two-mass system is presented. The limitations of the classical control tuning technique are demonstrated. Next the d-decomposition technique is described. The tuning methodology of the digital controller structure is presented. The connection between the classical poles placement methodology and d-decomposition method is proposed in the paper. The theoretical considerations are supported with experimental tests.
Evidence for the Feasibility of Person-Specific Ecological Momentary Assessment Across Diverse Populations and Study Designs

Clinical psychological science has seen an exciting shift toward the use of person-specific (idiographic) approaches to studying psychopathology and change in treatment at the level of the individual. One commonly used method in idiographic research is ecological momentary assessment (EMA). EMA offers a way to sample individuals intensively - often multiple times per day - as they go about their lives. While these methods offer benefits such as greater ecological validity and streamlined data collection, many share concerns about their feasibility across diverse clinical populations. To investigate the feasibility of using EMA to study psychological processes idiographically both in- and out of the context of therapy, the present study aggregated participants across seven studies spanning diverse clinical and community populations (N = 496), all of which utilized an idiographic EMA approach to study symptoms of psychopathology (e.g., PTSD, mood and anxiety, substance abuse). In a series of linear regression models, participant and study design characteristics were used to predict compliance with EMA surveys. Across study designs, we found that (1) participants were willing to report on symptoms and mechanisms relating to a wide range of psychopathological domains; (2) on average, participants completed 82.21% (SD = 16.34%) of all EMA surveys; and (3) compliance with EMA surveys was not significantly related to participant demographics, psychological diagnosis, personality characteristics, or most study characteristics (e.g., number of surveys per day). These findings suggest feasibility of idiographic EMA for collecting the data needed to understand psychopathology and change in treatment at the level of the individual.
Beliefs in vaccine as causes of autism among SPARK cohort caregivers.

Abstract Background Fear of autism has led to a decline in childhood-immunization uptake and to a resurgence of preventable infectious diseases. Identifying characteristics of parents who believe in a causal role of vaccines for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in their child may help targeting educational activities and improve adherence to the immunization schedule. Objectives To compare caregivers of children with ASD who agree or disagree that vaccines play an etiological role in autism for 1) socio-demographics characteristics and 2) developmental and clinical profiles of their children. Methods Data from 16,525 participants with ASD under age 18 were obtained from SPARK, a national research cohort started in 2016. Caregivers completed questionnaires at registration that included questions on beliefs about the etiologic role of childhood immunizations and other factors in ASD. Data were available about family socio-demographic characteristics, first symptoms of autism, developmental regression, co-occurring psychiatric disorders, seizures, and current levels of functioning. Results Participants with ASD were 80.4% male with a mean age of 8.1 years (SD = 4.1). Overall, 16.5% of caregivers endorsed immunizations as perceived causes of autism. Compared to caregivers who disagreed with vaccines as a cause for ASD, those who believed in vaccine causation came disproportionately from ethnic minority, less educated, and less wealthy backgrounds. More often their children had experienced developmental regression involving language and other skills, were diagnosed earlier, had lost skills during the second year of life, and had worse language, adaptive, and cognitive outcomes. Conclusion One in six caregivers who participate in a national research cohort believe that child immunizations could be a cause of autism in their child. Parent social background (non-White, less educated) and child developmental features (regression in second year, poorer language skills, and worse adaptive outcomes) index caregivers who are more likely to harbor these beliefs and could benefit from targeted educational activities.
Social-Aware Energy Balancing in Mobile Opportunistic Networks

Thanks to the recent advances in wireless power transfer technology and its adoption in mobile portable devices (e.g., smartphones), an alternative energy replenishment option for users has emerged through peer-to-peer energy sharing among devices. Such a notion of energy sharing among nodes in a mobile opportunistic network can help balance the energy levels of nodes and can keep them connected, prolonging the lifetime of the network. Existing works studying the energy balancing problem mainly focus on decreasing of the energy difference among nodes as fast as possible, thus consider sharing of the energy among meeting nodes equally. However, in an opportunistic network consisting of mobile devices carried by people (i.e., also called mobile social network), due to the underlying social relations between people, there will be multiple social groups affecting the contact relations between nodes. While nodes in the same group interact more often, the nodes in different groups interact less frequently. Moreover, there is usually a smaller number of nodes from different groups that interact (i.e., bridge nodes), providing limited opportunity for energy transfer between groups. In this study, we look at the energy balancing problem considering the underlying social network structure and present a two-stage social-aware energy balancing protocol for a fast balancing process. To this end, we integrate the roles of nodes (e.g., bridge/non-bridge node) as well as the average energy differences between different groups to determine the amount of energy transfer between meeting nodes. Through simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed social-aware energy balancing protocol performs better than the state-of-the-art.
Mensch-Ort-Bindungen

Mensch-Ort-Beziehungen beschreiben affektive, emotionale und kognitive Bindungen von Menschen an spezifische Orte und werden als ein Teil Therapeutischer Landschaften vorgestellt.
Family Structure and Secondary Exposure to Violence in the Context of Varying Neighborhood Risks and Resources

Secondary exposure to violence in the community is a prevalent developmental risk with implications for youths’ short- and long-term socioemotional functioning. This study used longitudinal, multil...
The Neuroprotective Efficacy of Postnatal Magnesium Sulfate in Term or Near-Term Infants With Moderate-to-Severe Birth Asphyxia.

Background In Pakistan, the neonatal mortality rate is 41 per 1,000 live births and birth asphyxia is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity. The goal of this study was to determine whether postnatal magnesium sulfate therapy can improve short- and long-term neurological outcomes in term or near-term neonates with moderate-to-severe birth asphyxia. Methodology This prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Neonatology Department of the Children’s Hospital & The Institute of Child Health, Lahore. A total of 62 neonates (31 in each group) were randomized to receive either three doses of magnesium sulfate infusion at 250 mg/kg per dose, 24 hours apart (treatment group), or three doses of injection 10% distilled water infusion at 3 mL/kg, 24 hours apart (placebo group). Both groups received similar supportive care. The neurodevelopmental assessment was done at six months of age using the ShaMaq Developmental Inventory. Results Demographic data such as gestational age, mean weight, age at presentation, gender, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy grade, mode of delivery, and the presence of seizures at presentation were comparable between both groups. In the magnesium sulfate group, statistically significant results were seen in terms of early seizure control (p = 0.001), early initiation of feed (p = 0.002), and shorter duration of hospital stay (p = 0.003). Moreover, the magnesium sulfate group had lower mortality compared to the control group, though it was not statistically significant (p = 0.390). There was no significant difference in terms of cranial ultrasound findings between the two groups (p = 0.783) at the time of discharge. Regarding the neurodevelopmental delay, there was no significant difference between the magnesium sulfate and control groups (p = 0.535). Conclusions Postnatal magnesium sulfate treatment improves short-term neurologic outcomes at discharge in term or near-term neonates with moderate-to-severe perinatal asphyxia. However, no difference was noted in the neurodevelopmental outcome at six months.
Inferring Individual Preferences and Intra-Household Dynamics with Aggregate Data: An Application to Targeted TV Advertising

While many marketing models claim to incorporate individual-level heterogeneity into estimation and subsequent targeting, they should more appropriately be called household-level models due to the typical lack of data availability for distinct individuals. In this research, we aim to enhance targeting intra-household individuals in situations where individual behavior and consumption are difficult to track and observe. We present a model to describe intra-household consumption at the individual level while estimating the model using only aggregate data. The model takes into account factors that are likely at play when individuals are members of households (beyond and including individual-level heterogeneity) such as preference revision, behavioral interaction, and decision power. Methodologically, the model accomplishes this from aggregated data using a novel, but widely applicable, data augmentation algorithm where we impute, within a Bayesian framework, individual-level choices constrained by the aggregate observed choices. We applied our model to a household TV viewing and ad targeting setting using Nielsen People Meter (NPM) data. Our model estimation and counterfactual analysis show that ignoring intra-household dynamics could lead to significant bias in understanding individuals' behavior and that the proposed model would enable advertisers to improve the efficiency of targeting intra-household individuals significantly yielding a greater ROI.
On The Set Representation and Set Covering Problems

Give a finite set Γ = {l, 2,..., n} and a class C = {c1, c2... cm} of nonempty subsets of Γ, a subset E⊂Γ is said to represent the class C if $$ E\; \cap \;{c_{{i\;}}} \ne \;\Phi $$ for all ci e C The minimum cardinality set representation problem for C is the problem of finding a minimum cardinality subset of Γ representing the class C.
NADPH Oxidase 4 at the Nexus of Diabetes, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Renal Metabolism

NADPH oxidases (NOXs) catalyze the transfer of electrons from NADPH to molecular oxygen to produce superoxide and/or hydrogen peroxide, two major reactive oxygen species (ROS).[1][1] Clarity on in vivo function and relevance to human disease are best exemplified by NOX2, which is responsible for
Esophagectomy in the late nineties.

Ellis FH Jr Williamson WA Heatley GJ Cancer of the Esophagus and Cardia: Does Age Influence Treatment Selection and Surgical Outcomes? J Am Coll Surg 1998;187: 345–51
Filamin A Is Required for T Cell Activation Mediated by Protein Kinase C-θ

Induction of T cell responses following engagement of the Ag-specific TCR depends on TCR-initiated rearrangements of the cellular actin cytoskeleton and highly coordinated and tightly regulated interactions and of diverse intracellular signaling proteins. In this study, we show that filamin A (FLNa), an actin-binding and signal mediator scaffolding protein, is required for T cell activation. Following Ag stimulation, FLNa was recruited to the T cell-APC contact area, where it colocalized with protein kinase C-theta (PKCtheta). Depletion of FLNa by RNA interference did not affect TCR-induced early tyrosine phosphorylation or actin polymerization but, nevertheless, resulted in impaired IL-2 expression by human primary T cells and reduced activation of NF-kappaB, AP-1, and NFAT reporter genes in transfected T cells. TCR stimulation induced stable physical association of FLNa with PKCtheta. Furthermore, the TCR/CD28-induced membrane translocation of PKCtheta was inhibited in FLNa-depleted T cells. These results reveal novel role for FLNa in the TCR/CD28 signaling pathway leading to transcription factor activation and IL-2 production, and suggest that this role is mediated, in part, through the inducible interaction of FLNa with PKCtheta.
Matched signal detection on graphs: theory and application to brain network classification

We develop a matched signal detection (MSD) theory for signals with an intrinsic structure described by a weighted graph. Hypothesis tests are formulated under different signal models. In the simplest scenario, we assume that the signal is deterministic with noise in a subspace spanned by a subset of eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian. The conventional matched subspace detection can be easily extended to this case. Furthermore, we study signals with certain level of smoothness. The test turns out to be a weighted energy detector, when the noise variance is negligible. More generally, we presume that the signal follows a prior distribution, which could be learnt from training data. The test statistic is then the difference of signal variations on associated graph structures, if an Ising model is adopted. Effectiveness of the MSD on graph is evaluated both by simulation and real data. We apply it to the network classification problem of Alzheimer's disease (AD) particularly. The preliminary results demonstrate that our approach is able to exploit the sub-manifold structure of the data, and therefore achieve a better performance than the traditional principle component analysis (PCA).
The imbalance of nature: revisiting a Darwinian framework for invasion biology

Aim A major implication of natural selection is that species from different parts of the world will vary in their efficiency in converting resources into offspring for a given type of environment. This insight, articulated by Darwin, is usually overlooked in more recent studies of invasion biology that are often based on the more modern Eltonian perspective of imbalanced ecosystems. We formulate a renewed Darwinian framework for invasion biology, the evolutionary imbalance hypothesis (EIH), based only on the action of natural selection in historically isolated populations operating within a global network of repeated environments. This framework predicts that successful invaders are more likely to come from biotic regions of high genetic potential (with independent lineages of large population size), experiencing a given environment for many generations and under strong competition from other lineages. Location Global. Methods We test the predictive power of this framework by examining disparities in recent species exchanges between global biotic regions, including patterns of plant invasions across temperate regions and exchanges of aquatic fauna as a result of modern canal building. Results Our framework successfully predicts global invasion patterns using phylogenetic diversity of the world's biotic regions as a proxy that reflects their genetic potential, historical stability and competitive intensity, in line with the Darwinian expectation. Floristic regions of higher phylogenetic diversity are more likely to be source areas of invasive plants, and regions of lower phylogenetic diversity are more likely to be invaded. Similar patterns are evident for formerly isolated marine or freshwater assemblages that have been connected via canals. Main conclusions We advocate an approach to understanding modern species invasions that recognizes the potential significance of both the original Darwinian explanation and the more modern view that emphasizes novel ecological or evolutionary mechanisms arising in the introduced range. Moreover, if biological invasions are a natural outcome of Darwinian evolution in an increasingly connected world, then invasive species should continue to displace native species and drive widespread shifts in the functioning of ecosystems.