cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pressure and Temperature Dependence of the α-Relaxation in Poly(methyltolylsiloxane)

The α-relaxation, involving local segmental motion, of poly(methyltolylsiloxane) (PMTS) was measured using dielectric spectroscopy, over a temperature range in excess of 100 deg at pressures up to 250 MPa. The data conformed to time−temperature−pressure superpositioning, although the Tg-normalized temperature dependence of the relaxation times exhibited a weak dependence on pressure. The combined temperature and pressure dependences could be accurately described using a generalized Vogel−Fulcher expression, with the Vogel temperature having the same pressure dependence as the glass temperature. In comparing the relaxation properties of PMTS to the structurally similar poly(methylphenylsiloxane) (PMPS), we found that while their ambient pressure behaviors were equivalent, the relaxation times, Tg-scaled temperature dependence, and Tg itself for PMTS were all more sensitive to pressure. These differences are consistent with a larger activation volume for PMTS, which is indeed comprised of proportionally lar...
Effects of photoperiod on growth, carcass composition, prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol in prepubertal and postpubertal Holstein heifers.

Effects of photoperiod on growth, carcass composition and serum concentrations of prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol were determined in prepubertal and postpubertal Holstein heifers. Forty-two prepubertal (avg body wt 84 +/- 3.0 kg) and 42 postpubertal (avg body wt 303 +/- 7.1 kg) Holstein heifers were utilized. Ten prepubertal and 10 postpubertal heifers were slaughtered before treatment began to obtain initial carcass data. The remaining 32 prepubertal and 32 postpubertal heifers were paired by body weight and randomly assigned to short-day (8 h of light: 16 h of dark) or long-day (16 h of light: 8 h of dark) photoperiods. After exposure to treatments for an average of 139 d, 10 prepubertal and 10 postpubertal heifers from each photoperiod treatment were slaughtered. In prepubertal heifers, photoperiod did not affect (P greater than .10) average daily body weight gain, carcass weight, carcass composition, accretion of carcass fat and carcass protein, or serum concentrations of prolactin, growth hormone or cortisol. However, prepubertal heifers exposed to long-day photoperiods had reduced (P less than .01) urinary N tau-methylhistidine excretion compared with heifers given short-day photoperiods. Postpubertal heifers exposed to short-day photoperiods had greater average body weight daily gain than animals exposed to long-day photoperiods. Although there was no effect of photoperiod (P greater than .10) on carcass or fat depot weights, postpubertal heifers exposed to short days had greater (P = .06) percentages of fat and reduced (P = .07) percentages of protein in the soft tissue of the 9-10-11 rib sections. Fat accretion was greater (P less than .05) in carcasses of postpubertal heifers exposed to short days than heifers given long-day photoperiods, but there was no effect (P greater than .10) of photoperiod on protein accretion. Photoperiod did not affect serum concentrations of growth hormone and cortisol, but serum prolactin tended (P less than .10) to be greater in postpubertal heifers exposed to long days. Under the conditions of this experiment, we conclude that exposure to short-day photoperiods stimulated body weight gain and fat accretion in postpubertal but not prepubertal Holstein heifers.
EXAMINATION OF 80 DEGREES C DESORPTION ISOTHERMS OFTRITIUM AGED PD/K AND LANA.75

Metal hydrides, specifically Pd deposited on kieselguhr (Pd/k) and LaNi{sub 4.25}Al{sub 0.75} (LANA.75), have been used at the Savannah River Site for almost twenty years for hydrogen isotope separation and storage. Radiolytic decay of tritium to helium-3 in the metal matrix causes three classic changes in the performance of the hydride: the plateau pressure decreases, the plateau slope increases, and a heel forms, reducing the reversible capacity of the hydride. Deuterium and tritium isotherms were collected on the virgin materials, only tritium isotherms were collected at approximately 2 years, and both deuterium and tritium isotherms were collected at approximately 3.5 years of quiescent aging. Points of interest include those mentioned above as well as the effects of cycling the materials. The methods and results are presented.
An hypothesis on the role of pteroylpolyglutamate derivatives as coenzymes.

Evidence is assembled supporting the view that the poly-γ-Glu chain of pteroyl poly-γ-Glu derivatives plays a role in coordinating the activities of enzymes involved in the sequential metabolism of single carbon units.
MOOCs and Career Qualifications

Higher education offers ‘secondary educational benefits’ – credits and diplomas – which serve as job and career qualifications providing access to advantageous careers and social positions. Critics argue that MOOCs cannot provide such benefits. Developments since 2012 blunt these critiques. The first section of this chapter considers the contribution of MOOC certificates to diploma-based credentials when accepted for transfer credit. The second section then considers stand-alone MOOC-based qualifications such as Udacity ‘nano-degrees’, ALISON ‘diplomas’, Coursera ‘specializations’ and edX ‘mini-masters’. The chapter ends with an examination of MOOC certificates and badges as components of digital capability portfolios. The conclusion is that bundling of learning experiences including MOOC certificates in personalized portfolios may fit the occupational credential needs of many learners better than college diplomas in the emerging ‘gig economy’.
Migration processes of the As interstitial in GaAs

Thermal migration processes of the As interstitial in GaAs were investigated using density-functional theory and the local-density approximation for exchange and correlation. The lowest-energy processes were found to involve the −1, 0, and +1 charge states, and to produce migration along ⟨110⟩-type directions. In the −1 and 0 charge states, migration proceeds via hops between split-interstitial stable configurations at bulk As sites through bridging saddle-point configurations in which the interstitial atom is equidistant from two adjacent bulk As sites. In the +1 charge state, the roles of these two configurations are approximately reversed and migration proceeds via hops between bridging stable configurations through higher-energy split-interstitial stable configurations bounded by a pair of distorted split-interstitial saddle-point configurations. The predicted activation energies for migration in the 0 and +1 charge states agree well with measurements in semi-insulating and p-type material, respectively. Also consistent with experiments, the approximate reversal of the stable and saddle-point configurations between the 0 and +1 charge states is predicted to enable carrier-induced migration with a residual activation energy of 0.05 eV.
The dual role of sclerites in a gorgonian coral: Conflicting functions of support and defence

Sclerites in the gorgonian coral Briareum asbestinum perform the dual role of skeletal support against wave action and structural defence against predators. Local populations of B. asbestinum vary along gradients of decreasing water movement and decreasing predator abundance with increasing depth, such that sclerite length increases and sclerite density decreases with depth. Based on this pattern, I explored a possible trade-off between the sclerite composition that is most resistant to tearing versus most deterrent to predatory gastropods. Feeding assays revealed that artificial foods containing longer sclerites and those containing higher volume fractions of sclerites are less palatable to the gastropod Cyphoma gibbosum. However, real colonies appear constrained, in that they do not contain both long sclerites and high volume fractions at the same time. Given a choice among real colonies, snails prefer shallow-water colonies with shorter sclerites e ven though the sclerite volume fractions are high. Although least deterrent to snails, shallow-water colonies are 56% more resistant to tearing than their deep-water counterparts. Hence, variation in sclerite composition among local populations of B. asbestinum may be maintained by opposing selection for support versus defense.
Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm. a Population-Based Analysis from the SEER and NCDB Databases

Abstract Introduction Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an extremely rare hematologic malignancy that was grouped with myeloid malignancies in the 2008 WHO classification. The current available literature is limited to small case series and single-institution experiences. This population study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) and the National Cancer Database (NCDB) is the largest to explore epidemiologic and outcome data in BPDCN. SEER collects cancer incidence and survival data from cancer registries covering approximately 26% of the US population. NCDB is a nationwide, facility-based, comprehensive, clinical-surveillance resource for oncology data coming from more than 1500 Commission of Cancer (CoC)-accredited programs. Methods Using data from the SEER and NCDB registries, this study respectively identified 379 (years 2000-2013) and 216 (years 2004-2012) adult patients over the age of 20 diagnosed with BPDCN (ICDO-3 coding 9727). We used the SEER registry to estimate incidence rates, ratios and trends and the NCDB registry to study clinical characteristics, survival and outcomes. The JMP statistical software and the SEER*STAT 8.3.2 were used to conduct statistical analysis. We analyzed survival using the Kaplan-Meier method and used log-rank tests to compare survival distributions. The prognostic effect of pertinent clinical variables was studied using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. All tests of statistical significance were two-sided and P Results The median age at diagnosis for BPDCN was 52 years (20-93). The incidence of BPDCN was found to be 0.45/1,000,000 age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population with similar trends over the years. No racial disparities were identified. The male:female ratio was 2 (P Conclusion BPDCN is a rare hematologic malignancy associated with a poor median survival of less than two years. Males are twice more likely to be affected than females. The bone marrow is the primary site of involvement in most cases. Younger age ( Kaplan-Meier survival curve for the entire cohort Kaplan-Meier survival curves in patients Age 60 Kaplan-Meier survival curves in patients who underwent HSCT versus those who did not Download : Download high-res image (68KB) Download : Download full-size image Download : Download high-res image (66KB) Download : Download full-size image Download : Download high-res image (61KB) Download : Download full-size image Disclosures Al-Kali: Celgene: Research Funding; Onconova Therapeutics, Inc.: Research Funding.
Barriers to the ballot: implications for the development of state and national crime policies

AbstractIn 2013, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in Shelby County v. Holder that Section 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act, which included the preclearance formula for determining which state and local jurisdictions needed to obtain federal approval before changing their election laws and voting procedures, was unconstitutional. By requiring federal approval, this provision prevented historically repressive jurisdictions from enacting covert policies to hinder non-whites from voting. The ruling in Shelby County is problematic because methods in use across the country prevent non-white citizens from casting their ballots, leaving their interests unaddressed. As people of color hold different attitudes and views than whites towards specific criminal justice measures, contemporary barriers to the ballot have potential implications for criminal law and policy. Consequently, analyses of two contemporary methods of denying non-whites a voice in government are warranted: felon disenfranchisement and vot...
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Packet Analysis

Abstract To manage network security, you need an in-depth understanding of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) stack. This chapter will discuss how TCP/IP packets are constructed and analyzed, to interpret applications that use the TCP/IP stack. The intrusion detection principle relies on being able to analyze the packets and detect a potential attack or an attack in progress. We will introduce the Internet model to develop the argument to support packet data networking for local and wide area networks that include the Internet.
Colonial/Postcolonial Chronotopes in Pramoedya Ananta Toer's The Girl from the Coast

This essay uses Mikhail Bakhtin's notion of the “chronotope” to analyze the little-known novel The Girl from the Coast (written 1962; first published 1987) by the Indonesian author Pramoedya Ananta...
A computational study of the dynamic propagation of two offset cracks using the phase field method

Abstract The study of the propagation of multiple cracks is essential to modeling and predicting structural integrity. The interaction between two cracks depends on a number of factors such as the domain geometry, the relative crack sizes and the separation between the two crack tips. In this paper, we study the interaction between two dynamically propagating cracks. We use the phase field method to track the crack paths, since this method can handle complex crack behavior such as crack branching, without any ad hoc criteria for crack evolution. The results from our dynamic simulations indicate that, unlike crack interaction under quasi-static or fatigue loading, the presence of another crack does not accelerate crack propagation when dynamic loads are applied. However, some similarities in the crack topologies are observed for both quasi-static and dynamic loading.
Service use and needs among female survivors of intimate partner violence attending community college

Community college (CC) students make up 45% of American undergraduates, but little is known about their experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV), or accompanying service use and needs. The current study used a sequential confirmatory mixed methods design among a simple random sample of female CC students (n = 435), of whom 112 have experienced IPV in the past 12 months. Of these IPV survivors, 20 participated in qualitative follow-up interviews. The study assess use and perceived usefulness of college and community based resources, extent of social support, and perceived need for and barriers to service access. Campus based resources were rated as more useful than community based resources. Faculty were identified as important supports for survivors. Those experiencing IPV reported lower rates of social support compared to other students. A range of supports and services were endorsed as possibly useful by survivors. Survivors need services to address life generated risks that compound barriers to college completion created by abuse. CC survivors often balance work and parenting with education, and may benefit from different services than survivors in other educational settings.
Introduction: The Moments That Became a Book—The Need for Intersectional Women’s Narratives in Academia

The introduction provides both the context in which this book came to be and an overview of each of the book’s four sections and each chapter. Contextually, we examine the personal, political, and cultural events that brought the three editors together and shaped this project’s emphasis on women’s narratives and experiences in higher education. Importantly, the introduction notes how those contexts inform our discussion of and emphasis on intersectionality throughout the edited volume. In each overview, we discuss the primary content and goals of each section and then provide a brief discussion of the threads that connect the chapters and the content of the individual chapter narratives.
Statische und dynamische Wissensrepräsentationskonzepte

In diesem Abschnitt wollen wir einen Modellierungsansatz einfuhren, mit dem sowohl die in einer Wissensbasis verwalteten Informationen als auch die Operationen zur Manipulation dieser Informationen auf einer rein logischen Ebene beschrieben werden konnen. Dabei mus dieser Modellierungsansatz im Rahmen dieser Arbeit zwei Funktionen erfullen: (i) Der Modellierungsansatz mus Modellierungskonzepte anbieten, mit denen die in dieser Arbeit betrachteten Systemkomponenten von DIKOS spezifiziert werden konnen. (ii) Da die unter Verwendung des Modellierungsansatzes zu entwickelnde DIKOS-Wissensbasisspezifikation genau der in der DIKOS-Wissensbasis verwalteten Schemainformation entspricht, die die Grundlage fur die Definition von DIKOS-Benutzerfunktionen bildet, mus der Modellierungsansatz benutzerorientierte Modellierungskonzepte verwenden.
Latinos and Industrial Change in New York and Los Angeles

That the nature of American cities has changed over the last 30 years is well established. We have seen a dramatic decline in the production sector overall, referred to as the deindustrialization of America (Bluestone & Harrison, 1981), and an increase in service-oriented jobs, particularly in the finance and the information-processing areas.
Center, Scale and Asymptotic Normality for Sums of Independent Random Variables

This paper investigates the related properties of center and scale for distributions and features application to asymptotic normality criteria for sums of independent random variables. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for convergence in distribution to the standard normal for suitably centered and scaled sums of independent variables in the context of uniform asymptotic negligibility of the summands (Theorem 5.1). New here is the expression of the precise conditions and prior construction of centering and scaling constants directly in terms of the distributions of the original variables, without recourse to symmetrization, and the display of the centered, scaled sums as sums of uniformly asymptotically negligible summands without the necessity of further recentering (cf. Gnedenko and Kolmogorov (1968), Chapter 6, Theorem 2, and Hahn and Klass (1981), Theorem 2 and especially Remark 2 following Theorem 1). The resulting theorem allows a direct and informative expression of Levy’s (1937) profound realization of asymptotic normality for sums as equivalent to negligibility of the summand of maximum modulus (cf. Remark 5 and equation (5.9) here following the statement of Theorem 5.1).
Sleep Research and Sleep Medicine in Historical Perspective

When the history of sleep research and sleep medicine began is a matter of debate, but great progresses has been made in the understanding of sleep and its states and also dysfunctions associated with sleep. The discovery of the reticular activating system followed by that of rapid eye movement sleep were landmarks in our understanding of sleep and wakefulness. These discoveries allowed researchers to address the abnormalities of sleep in humans. Questions about how the controls of vital functions change with different states of alertness and how some dysfunctions appear only or predominantly during sleep have led to the creation of a new field of medicine. Sleep medicine, which is based on the disciplines of physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, and pathology, covers a large range of disorders affecting the well-being of humans.
Summary of the 2018 Alcohol and Immunology Research Interest Group (AIRIG) meeting.

Abstract On January 26, 2018, the 23rd annual Alcohol and Immunology Research Interest Group (AIRIG) meeting was held at the University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. The meeting consisted of plenary sessions with oral presentations and a poster presentation session. There were four plenary sessions that covered a wide range of topics relating to alcohol use: Alcohol and Liver Disease; Alcohol, Inflammation and Immune Response; Alcohol and Organ Injury; Heath Consequences and Alcohol Drinking. The meeting provided a forum for the presentation and discussion of novel research findings regarding alcohol use and immunology.
Clinical-pathological discrepancies in a population based incidence cohort study on parkinsonism in Olmsted County, MN: 1991–2005 (S22.008)

Objective: To identify the frequency of discrepancies between the clinical diagnosis and the pathological findings in a population-based cohort of patients with a parkinsonian disorder. Background: The rate of clinical-pathologic discordance in a population based sample is unclear. Design/Methods: We used a defined population-based incidence cohort of parkinsonism, utilizing the Rochester Epidemiology Project in Olmsted County, MN from 1991 to 2005. We reviewed all the available autopsy reports (n= 62; 11%) of all the cases (n=699) and applied consensus pathologic guidelines for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Cases were defined as discrepant when there was a difference between clinical diagnosis and pathological findings. Results: Among 62 patients, 9 (15 but one the clinical diagnosis has been made by a movement disorder specialist %) had a clinical-pathological discrepancy. In all the 9 cases. The median time from diagnosis to death was 5.2 years (range from 2 to 9 years). In four patients with clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD), none had Lewy Bodies (LBs) or α-synuclein deposition. The pathologic diagnoses were Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) in one case and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in another, whereas in two cases the pathological diagnosis was indeterminate. In the two patients with clinical diagnosis of Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), there was a pathological diagnosis of AD without LBs or α-synuclein. One patient with a clinical diagnosis of PSP had an indeterminate pathological diagnosis and one with unspecified parkinsonism had a pathological diagnosis of AD; neither of them had LBs or α-synuclein deposits. One patient with a clinical diagnosis of essential tremor had diffuse LBs and α-synuclein deposits with a pathological diagnosis of DLB. Conclusions: The diagnosis of subtype of parkinsonism has an overall good concordance with pathological confirmation. However, clinical-pathological discrepancies remain for some patients. Disclosure: Dr. Turcano has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mielke has received personal compensation for activities with Lysosomal Therapeutics, Inc. as a consultant. Dr. Mielke has received research support from Biogen. Dr. Josephs has nothing to disclose. Dr. Graff-Radford has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ahlskog has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bower has nothing to disclose. Dr. Parisi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Savica has nothing to disclose.
Catastrophic Failure of a Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polyetheretherketone Tibial Intramedullary Nail: A Case Report.

Case We present a case of a rare low-energy catastrophic failure of a carbon-fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone tibial intramedullary nail at 10 weeks after placement in a 36-year-old man. We describe our experience with extraction of the device. Conclusion Carbon-fiber composite implants are approved for clinical use in orthopaedic trauma applications. The rare failure of carbon-fiber implants presents unique challenges because typical extraction techniques cannot be used. With the patient described herein, a terminally threaded guidewire was used to cannulate and extract the distal segment of the nail.
Spatial Genomic Heterogeneity in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Activation and proliferation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells depend on signals from the lymph node (LN) tumor microenvironment (TME). Separately, the genetic makeup of CLL has been closely linked to disease aggressiveness and its capacity to evolve under the selective pressures of treatment. Here, we investigated the intersection between the TME and molecular events in CLL pathogenesis. Whole exome and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed on CD19+ cells of paired peripheral blood (PB) and LN samples and matched germline DNA from 14 patients with treatment-naive CLL. RNA-seq was also done on unsorted LN samples containing tumor and non-tumor cells from the same patients. A median of 27 (range 11-69) somatic single nucleotide variants (sSNVs) and 3 (0-10) insertions and deletions (sIndels) were detected per exome. All but one patient had copy number alterations (CNAs), most commonly del 11q and del 13q. Cancer cell fractions (CCFs) of sSNVs, sIndels, and CNAs were inferred from variant allele frequencies then clustered over the two anatomic compartments for each patient. Genetic compartmentalization (ΔCCF > 0.25, false discovery rate [FDR] To understand factors contributing to spatial heterogeneity, we compared the tumor transcriptome based on the presence (shifted group) or absence (stable group) of an expanded subclone in LN. Most differentially expressed genes between PB and LN were shared by all patients and reflected the activation of CLL cells in the LN TME as previously shown. However, cell cycle genes (e.g. E2F2, CDC25A) were more upregulated (log2FC > 0.5, FDR In summary, genetic compartmentalization is a common phenomenon in CLL. Clonal equilibrium is maintained by a T-cell inflamed TME. When immune surveillance is inactivated, subclones with a competitive advantage may expand in response to support signals provided by the TME. An immunotherapy-based clinical study using checkpoint blockade to restrict clonal evolution is currently in progress (NCT03204188). This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NHLBI. Disclosures Getz: Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; IBM: Research Funding; MuTect, ABSOLTUE, MutSig and POLYSOLVER: Patents & Royalties: MuTect, ABSOLTUE, MutSig and POLYSOLVER. Wu: Neon Therapeutics: Other: Member, Advisory Board; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding. Wiestner: Merck: Research Funding; Pharmayclics: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; Nurix: Research Funding.
PKCβ and reactive oxygen species mediate enhanced pulmonary vasoconstrictor reactivity following chronic hypoxia in neonatal rats

This research demonstrates a novel contribution of PKCβ and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species signaling to increased pulmonary vasoconstrictor reactivity in chronically hypoxic neonates. The re...
Pediatric Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome (SOS) Diagnostic Criteria Comparison in a Single Pediatric Institution

Introduction Current sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) diagnostic criteria utilized for pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients are the same as those for adults, most commonly the Modified Seattle criteria and the Baltimore criteria. This is challenging, however, due to differences in pediatric incidence, risk factors and presentation. While the Modified Seattle criteria has been shown to allow for upwards of a four-fold increase in diagnoses when compared to Baltimore criteria, the diagnosis of pediatric SOS can still be missed. The European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) sought to develop pediatric specific criteria to increase appropriate recognition and early treatment in children. Objectives The objectives of this project were to review and compare the current standard diagnostic criteria for SOS and to analyze their differences in time to diagnosis within the pediatric HSCT patient population. Methods Retrospective investigation of pediatric HSCT patients requiring treatment with defibrotide, and time to SOS diagnosis with different criteria methods was collected and analyzed in order to assess the appropriateness of screening, diagnosis, and initiation of treatment in pediatric patients within the institution. Results EBMT criteria allowed for earliest diagnosis of SOS in all patients (N=8). Four patients (50%) met criteria on the same day when using the Modified Seattle criteria or the EBMT criteria, but both significantly earlier than Baltimore criteria. On average, EBMT criteria allowed for diagnosis 1.38 days earlier than Modified Seattle criteria and 7.38 days earlier than Baltimore criteria. Two patients assessed by the Modified Seattle criteria and four patients by the Baltimore criteria never met criteria before receiving treatment, based on day cutoff for assessment. EBMT criteria allowed for earlier diagnosis most commonly because of platelet refractory thrombocytopenia and increasing bilirubin over three consecutive days. Conclusion The use of the EBMT criteria as a diagnostic standard for SOS in pediatric HSCT patients should be considered to allow for earlier diagnosis and more prompt initiation of treatment. Treatment initiation should be carefully considered with concern for the possibility of over-diagnosis due to a wider criteria allowance and no cutoff time for utilization. Further definition of platelet refractory thrombocytopenia, weight gain parameters with diuretic usage, hepatomegaly and ascites may be beneficial.
“I’d Prefer Not To”: Melville’s Challenge to Normative Identity in Bartleby, the Scrivener

Okay, I know this may sound strange, but I often catch myself wondering about Bartleby. Herman Melville’s enigmatic subject from his 1853 novella, Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street and his canonical refrain, “I’d prefer not to,” comes to mind at the most inconvenient of times: while I am typing my final semester papers, while staring at a sink full of dirty dishes, or admiring the hardly worn soles of my running shoes. These are things that I know should be doing in order to feel proud and productive, things that I eventually convince myself to do, but still I get a perverse pleasure in simply imagining, through Bartleby, a space for my preferences to reign over my rationality.
A dihaploid approach for the selection of forage quality in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb)

Within the Festuca - Lolium genome complex, there is a need for modern breeding approaches that can facilitate the rapid development of improved germplasm or cultivars. Traditional recurrent or mass-selection methods for population or synthetic development are labor intensive and time consuming. The recent development of annual ryegrass Lolium multiflorum Lam.) lines, when hybridized by tall fescue [( Festuca arundinacea Schreb. (syn. = Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh . )], will produce F1 hybrids, that through mitotic genome loss, lose either their ryegrass or tall fescue genome and result in the recovery of ryegrass and tall fescue dihaploid (DH) lines. For breeding and selection purposes regarding forage quality, the ability to select for superior genotypes at the F1 generation, rather than at the subsequent DH generation would improve the efficiency of the technique. The study examined forage quality components of crude protein (CP), acid digestible fiber (ADF), neutral digestible fiber (NDF) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) expression and inheritance in the F1 and their respective recovered DH lines. Results of the study indicate that forage quality genotypes, conferred by the tall fescue gamete, are heritable and selection performed at the F1 generation will be effective in identifying DH genotypes that are not significantly different in forage quality of their respective F1 parents. Though performed only on CP, ADF, NDF and IVDMD forage quality components, the study suggests similar application toward the selection of additional quantitative forage quality or agronomic attributes for tall fescue improvement. The described selection strategy is applicable to tall fescue ( L. arundinaceum ) and may have application across the Lolium/Festuca genus.
A rare case of anal squamous cell carcinoma metastasizing to the scrotum.

Abstract Scrotal metastases of any origin are rare. We report on a man with a history of treated squamous cell carcinoma of the anus who presented to the dermatology clinic with multiple dome-shaped lesions on his scrotum. Although presumed to be genital warts by his oncologist, biopsies identified the lesions as recurrent anal carcinoma with metastases to the scrotum.
Increased mTOR activity alters cerebellar development and cooperates with sonic hedgehog signaling in medulloblastoma formation

3764 The cerebellum is critical for motor coordination and cognitive function. Cerebellar granule neuron precursors (CGNPs) proliferate rapidly during a transient post-natal expansion phase in the cerebellar external granule layer (EGL), before migrating inward and terminally differentiating into glutamatergic interneurons. Certain medulloblastomas are proposed to arise from CGNPs, thus most tumors often arise during this window of rapid CGNP proliferation. Such "rests" have been observed in adult tumor-free mice carrying activating mutations (Patched) in the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway. However, whether the Shh pathway may cooperate with other signaling pathways for cell cycle regulation remains to be elucidated. The mTOR pathway, responsible for protein translation and cell growth, has role players that may interact with other pathways. Here we investigate the role of the mTOR pathway in cerebellar development and its cooperation with the Shh pathway in CGNP proliferation. Using mice that are dominant negative for TSC2 (termed TSC2-RGΔ), an upstream antagonist of mTOR, we have found increased EGL expansion in cerebella. TSC2-RGΔ mice also have ribosomal protein S6 activation, delocalization of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p27, and inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3-β (GSK3β). Also, TSC2-RGΔ CGNPs proliferate higher with Shh response and express increased cyclin D2 and low levels of p27 in culture. Wildtype CGNPs infected with lentiviral TSC2 shRNA proliferated longer and had lower p27 protein levels. Interestingly, when TSC2-RGΔ mice were crossed with Patched +/- mice, medulloblastoma incidence is 3-fold higher compared to Patched +/- alone. Together, these results suggest that Shh signaling and loss of TSC2 function cooperate to alter cerebellar development and enhance medulloblastoma formation or expansion via GSK3 and p27 destabilization.
Lost to Follow-Up: Complications of an Invasive Giant Prolactinoma.

Invasive giant prolactinomas are a rare type of prolactin-secreting tumors. Most lactotroph adenomas, including giant prolactinomas, consist of the sparsely granulated subtype and respond well to medical therapy with dopamine agonists. Proptosis due to intra-orbital tumor extension and ischemic infarction are two rare complications associated with these tumors. We report a case of a 51-year-old woman with a 30-year history of a macroprolactinoma who was lost to follow-up and returned with severe proptosis, a 10-cm invasive sellar mass on imaging, and markedly elevated serum prolactin levels, consistent with invasive giant prolactinoma. She was initially managed with dopamine agonists followed by palliative debulking of the tumor, which microscopically demonstrated a highly proliferative neoplasm predominantly consisting of sparsely granulated lactotroph adenoma with a minor component of the rare and aggressive acidophil stem cell adenoma subtype. Postoperatively, she developed a large left middle cerebral artery infarct and ultimately died. This case is notable in that it demonstrates the aggressive nature of invasive giant prolactinomas when not treated and highlights two rare findings in patients with this tumor: orbital invasion and ischemic infarct.
Veteran Experts: Transitioning Military Expertise into Civilian Work

The US military may be the largest training organization in the world, yet few civilians are ever exposed to the processes used to develop service members’ expertise in their jobs. Service members are continuously introduced to new training as part of the military’s on-going and intentional development of its human resources. For generations, military veterans have comprised a critical demographic of the US workforce—in both proportion and contribution to society. Veterans are credited by non-military employers as having desirable skills that can be leveraged in the traditional workplace. This chapter considers the development and impact of military expertise on civilian society using Grenier and Kehrhan’s (Human Resource Development Review, 7(2), 198–217, 2008) Model of Expertise Development beginning with an examination of expertise development in the US military and a subsequent discussion of transitioning services offered by the military to service members, highlighting existing practices related to translating military expertise into civilian terms. From there, the authors address reasons for employers to leverage military training and address expertise gaps. The remainder of the chapter addresses prospective challenges in leveraging military expertise in the workplace and offers suggestions for future research.
Assessing Activity of Daily Living Task Performance Among Autistic Adults

Activities of daily living (ADLs) are activities that people engage in on a routine basis, such as brushing their teeth, preparing a meal, and caring for their child. Independence with ADLs is asso...
Improvements in Communication and Coordination of Care in a Hemophilia Treatment Center.

Introduction In response to the increasing complexity of care for patients with bleeding disorders, we established new clinical teams for our hemophilia treatment center (HTC). Aims We undertook a quality improvement project to improve the coordination and communication with our patients by establishing primary assignments of clinical staff to individual patients (primary teams). Methods A quality improvement project group was formed that established the goals and assignment of primary teams. Patients were surveyed for their knowledge of their primary teams as well as their ability to schedule and contact their primary providers. As a measure of the effects on clinical staff, a balancing survey was also conducted among providers impacted by the clinical assignment of teams. Results Our results demonstrate improvements across both coordination and communication as reported by patients. Additionally, the assignment of primary teams was met with high satisfaction and improvement in coordination and communication as reported by the clinical staff members of the HTC. Conclusions Initiation of a quality improvement project and the creation of a primary team system were feasible at a large HTC and resulted in improvements in both patient-reported and staff-reported outcomes of coordination and communication of care.
Effects of the Clock Modulator Nobiletin on Circadian Rhythms and Pathophysiology in Female Mice of an Alzheimer’s Disease Model

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. Various pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to disease progression, and recent research provided evidence linking dysregulated circadian rhythms/sleep and energy metabolism with AD. Previously, we found that the natural compound Nobiletin (NOB) can directly activate circadian cellular oscillators to promote metabolic health in disease models and healthy aging in naturally aged mice. In the current study, using the amyloid-β AD model APP/PS1, we investigated circadian, metabolic and amyloid characteristics of female mice and the effects of NOB. Female APP/PS1 mice showed reduced sleep bout duration, and NOB treatment exhibited a trend to improve it. While glucose tolerance was unchanged, female APP/PS1 mice displayed exaggerated oxygen consumption and CO2 production, which was mitigated by NOB. Likewise, cold tolerance in APP/PS1 was impaired relative to WT, and interestingly was markedly enhanced in NOB-treated APP/PS1 mice. Although circadian behavioral rhythms were largely unchanged, real-time qPCR analysis revealed altered expression of several core clock genes by NOB in the cerebral cortex, notably Bmal1, Npas2, and Rora. Moreover, NOB was also able to activate various clock-controlled metabolic genes involved in insulin signaling and mitochondrial function, including Igf1, Glut1, Insr, Irs1, Ucp2, and Ucp4. Finally, we observed that NOB attenuated the expression of several AD related genes including App, Bace1, and ApoE, reduced APP protein levels, and strongly ameliorated Aβ pathology in the cortex. Collectively, these results reveal novel genotype differences and importantly beneficial effects of a natural clock-enhancing compound in biological rhythms and related pathophysiology, suggesting the circadian clock as a modifiable target for AD.
Reconceptualizing online discussion forums as a fabricated focus group: illuminating educators’ language ideologies through asynchronous discussion posts

We propose a novel method for repurposing online course discussion posts to explore educators’ language ideologies. Drawing on asynchronous discussion posts from a subset of 30 educators enrolled i...
Autologous stem cell transplant for poor prognosis lymphoma

Significant improvements have been made in the treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Newer combination chemotherapy using PRO-MACE MOPP [1], M-BACOD [2] and the revised intermediate methotrexate dose m-BACOD [3] results in a high complete remission rate, with significant improvement in disease-free survival. Long term follow-up and confirmation of the initial success with these protocols will be very important.
Low Temperature Fracture Behavior of Iron-Nickel Alloy Steels

Fracture toughness tests over the interval 298 to 4/sup 0/K and fatigue crack growth rate tests at 298, 111, and 76/sup 0/K are reported on selected iron--nickel (Fe--Ni) alloys which are commercially available for potential use in storage or transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG). These alloys include Fe--6Ni and Fe--5Ni in newly developed three-step heat treatments and Fe--/sup 9/Ni in the quenched and tempered condition. Linear elastic fracture mechanics parameters (K/sub Q/, K/sub Ic/) and J-integral (J/sub Ic/) test data are presented for 1.25-in.-thick compact specimens. Discussion includes comparisons of fatigue crack growth rate and fracture data between alloys.
Las tramas ocultas de la violencia colectiva. Reseña de: Javier Auyero, La zona gris. Violencia colectiva y política partidaria en la Argentina contemporánea, Buenos Aires, Siglo XXI, 2007

Los episodios de diciembre de 2001 indudablemente marcaron rupturas, pero tambien continuidades en la sociedad argentina. Diversos trabajos han orientado su analisis a indagar acerca de los actores colectivos que surgieron entonces y las formas de protesta que se activaron, entre los que se destacan movimientos asamblearios, protestas por el «corralito» y rearticulaciones en las demandas de organizaciones de desocupados y sindicatos. Sin embargo, los episodios de saqueos que se sucedieron, previos a los acontecimientos del 19 y 20 de diciembre, en diferentes puntos del pais fueron relegados como objetos de analisis por las ciencias sociales, y solo tematizados por los medios de comunicacion y por estudios que privilegiaron explicaciones «espasmodicas» de los sucesos. El trabajo de Javier Auyero se ocupa explicitamente de ese vacio. Recupera perspectivas teoricas como las de E. P. Thompson, Charles Tilly y Sidney Tarrow para debatir con las miradas predominantes, y se constituye en la primera reconstruccion, desde una perspectiva sociologica, de los saqueos ocurridos en nuestro pais entre el 14 y el 22 de diciembre de 2001. Las tramas ocultas de la violencia colectiva
Software reuse using C++ classes: the question of inheritance

Abstract The purpose of this research is to explore the productivity benefits gained by software reuse in the object-oriented paradigm. There are two types of object-oriented software reuse: black box reuse (class reuse without modification) and white box reuse (class reuse by deriving a new class from and existing one (inheritance)). Each type is examined for its effect on programmer productivity using two related experiments. The results of these experiments show that black box reuse increases programmer productivity, but the benefits of white box reuse are less clear. In order to derive new classes effectively, the parent (library) class must be understood. This research suggests that black box reuse in the object-oriented paradigm should be encouraged in all programmers, but white box reuse should be performed by a library specialist (manager) to remove the overhead of understanding the library's implementation in order to reuse it effectively.
Managed Care and Counseling Centers

Abstract Despite nationwide changes in mental health practice, it has been unclear whether managed care has had an impact specifically on college and university counseling centers and on the training of psychologists and other mental health providers. In the present study, counseling center directors across the nation were surveyed to assess the impact of managed care, as well as to highlight the types of skills and qualities now valued in new professionals. Results indicated that over half of the centers had been impacted by managed care, most often in relation to cost-effectiveness, accountability, and training. The results also indicated that center directors are looking for new professionals who are seen as flexible, motivated, and competent team players with skills in consultation, brief therapy, and crisis intervention.
Public Libraries, Dual Constituencies, and Marketing

Marketing can be a powerful tool for public libraries. However, to realize marketing’s potential, it must be understood. Unfortunately, “Marketing is a term used by librarians to mean many different things and therefore has become confusing” (Doucett 2008, 1). Replacing confusion with clarity, which is especially important if the goal of marketing is to elicit financial and other support, requires answering two questions: What is marketing, and what is required for marketing to deliver the benefits it is capable of? Answers are sought before when marketing came “to mean many different things and … become confusing.”
Diamond deposition on 3d transition metals and their alloys

The characteristics of formation of diamond films using hot-filament chemical vapor deposition on nickel and nickel-aluminum alloys have been investigated systematically. It has been found that the chemical nature of the substrate plays an important role in stabilization of graphite (sp2-bonded) or diamond (sp3-bonded) phase. The transition metal substrates with a partially filled 3d shell, for example nickel, tend to stabilize sp2 bonding and catalyze the formation of graphite. By alloying the substrate with aluminum, it was possible to form diamond directly on the NiAl substrates. The mechanism of formation of diamond on nickel-aluminum alloys, and the nucleation of diamond on single crystal graphite substrates are discussed. The importance of diamond coating on these technologically important structural alloys is described briefly.
Removal of drops from liquid—liquid dispersions upon flow through screens

Abstract Fibre-packed coalescers are widely employed to remove drops from liquid—liquid dispersions. This work has as its objective a quantitative correlation of drop removal with filtration variables. Photo-etched screens, which were positioned perpendicular to the flow, served as geometrically defined representations of fibrous media. Forward-angle light scattering was employed to measure the extent of drop removal for a variety of screen geometries, flow rates and physical properties of oil-in-water dispersions. The dispersions, which were prepared by homogenisation, had a narrow range of drop sizes whose average was approximately three microns. The measurements indicate that drop interception, screen geometry, viscous shear and drop-filament adhesion are the main factors which govern drop removal. The redispersion of the drop phase which had accumulated on the filaments was generally not observed. The data for the removal of uniform drops by screens with fixed surface energy were correlated with the product of interstitial velocity, continuous phase viscosity and the projected width of the filament in the plane of the screen.
q-Coverings, codes, and line graphs

Abstract In this paper we consider the relationship between q -coverings of a regular graph and perfect 1-codes in line graphs. An infinite class of perfect 1-codes in the line graphs L ( I k ) is constructed.