cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Identification of oral mitis group streptococci by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction.

"Mitis group" streptococci are commensal but may play some role in dental caries, septicemia or endocarditis. Rapid genotypic identification would aid studies of dental plaque ecology, or diagnostic use. AP-PCR with 58 unpaired arbitrary primers was used to characterize 7 Streptococcus gordonii, 11 Streptococcus sanguis, 2 Streptococcus crista, 5 Streptococcus parasanguis, 18 Streptococcus oralis, and 36 Streptococcus mitis (22 biovar 1 and 14 biovar 2). S. parasanguis 16S rRNA variable region primer RR2 produced species-specific bands with all S. gordonii and S. sanguis. Human V beta 1 T-cell receptor primer 434 yielded concordant genotypic identification of all phenotypically defined S. crista and S. parasanguis, 83% of S. oralis, and 74% of S. mitis biovar 1. Amplicon patterns for S. mitis biovar 2 were heterogeneous. Findings suggest that primers RR2 and 434 in succession will allow rapid identification of genotypic groups corresponding closely to mitis group species established by phenotype.
Statistical Significance and Effect Size Reporting: Portrait of a Possible Future.

The present paper comments on the matters raised regarding statistical significance tests by three sets of authors in this issue. These articles are placed within the context of contemporary literature. Next, additional empirical evidence is cited showing that the APA publication manual's "encouraging" effect size reporting has had no appreciable effect. Editorial policy will be required to affect change, and some model policies are quoted. Science will move forward to the extent that both effect size and replicability evidence of one or more sorts are finally seriously considered within our inquiry.
Awakening Imagination Through Literature

Great literature can inspire reflection and give birth to transforming grace. Words matter; and because they do, literature often reveals the human condition and suggests avenues for growth and change. This article explores the power of literature to cause a spiritual awakening in school leaders. Several works are discussed as the author leads readers into deeply poetic reflections on the possibility of healing and redemption through reading.
A semiblind adaptive beamformer using a parallel pilot signal for WCDMA systems

A semiblind beamformer using a parallel pilot signal in the adaptive algorithm is investigated for wideband code-division multiple-access (WCDMA) systems. Although the pilot signal and traffic channels are designed to be transmitted using orthogonal codes in the downlink direction, time dispersion and frequency-selective fading in the transmission channel severely degrade this orthogonality at the receiver. As a result, the traffic signal of a target base station appears as interference coming from the same direction as the pilot signal, and causes poor performance of a pilot-only training-based beamformer. In order to mitigate this effect, we propose a semiblind beamforming algorithm that jointly exploits the pilot signal and the traffic channel signals. A modified version of the semiblind beamformer simultaneously suppresses self-interference and cochannel interference from other base stations. The proposed semiblind techniques outperform the conventional pilot-only approach as demonstrated via computer simulations.
Survival associated with 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy among elderly patients with node-positive colon cancer

Adjuvant therapy with 5-fluorouracil is significantly associated with reduced mortality in older patients with node-positive colon cancer, similar to the association found in randomized, controlled...
Tapasin Increases Efficiency of MHC I Assembly in the Endoplasmic Reticulum but Does Not Affect MHC I Stability at the Cell Surface

Cell surface expression of MHC I molecules depends on the chaperone tapasin; how tapasin functions is not fully understood. We created three fluorescent tapasin constructs: wild-type tapasin, soluble tapasin, which does not interact with TAP, and N300 tapasin, which does not interact with MHC I. In contrast to earlier reports, all three constructs localize to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), though soluble tapasin is more mobile than wild type and N300. Soluble tapasin does not increase MHC I surface levels to the same extent as wild type, which suggests that proximity to TAP is necessary for full tapasin function. N300 acts as a dominant-negative perhaps by blocking wild-type tapasin access to TAP. None of the constructs affects MHC I stability at the cell surface, although stability of ER resident MHC I is decreased in tapasin-negative cells. We propose that tapasin acts primarily to increase efficiency of assembly of MHC I within the ER.
IMPROVED LABORATORY TRANSITION PROBABILITIES FOR Nd ii AND APPLICATION TO THE NEODYMIUM ABUNDANCES OF THE SUN AND THREE METAL-POOR STARS

Radiative lifetimes, accurate to � 5%, have been measured for 168 odd-parity levels of Nd ii using laser-induced fluorescence. The lifetimes are combined with branching fractions measured using Fouriertransform spectrometry to determine transition probabilities for over 700 lines of Nd ii. This work is the largest-scale laboratory study to date of Nd ii transition probabilities using modern methods. This improved data set is used to determine Nd abundances for the Sun and three metal-poor giant stars with neutroncapture enhancement: CS 22892� 052, HD 115444, and BD +17 � 3248. In all four stars the line-to-line scatter is considerably reduced from earlier published results. The solar photospheric abundance is determined to be log � ðNd Þ¼ 1:45 � 0:01ð� ¼ 0:05Þ, which is in excellent agreement with meteoric data. The ratio of Nd/Eu is virtually identical in all three metal-poor Galactic halo stars. Furthermore, the newly determined stellar Nd abundances, in comparison with other heavy neutron-capture elements, are consistent with an r-process–only origin early in the history of the Galaxy. These more accurate Nd abundance determinations might help to constrain the predicted solar system r-process abundances, and suggest other elements for further neutron-capture abundance studies. Subject headings: atomic data — stars: abundances — Sun: abundances On-line material: machine-readable tables
Performance of the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) in detecting cognitive impairment in heart failure patients.

Abstract Objective Evaluate capacity of the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) to detect cognitive impairment (CI) in heart failure (HF) patients. Background CI is a key prognostic marker in HF. Though the most widely used cognitive screen in HF, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is insufficiently sensitive. The ANAM has demonstrated sensitivity to cognitive domains affected by HF, but has not been assessed in this population. Methods Investigators administered the ANAM and MMSE to 57 HF patients, compared against a composite model of cognitive function. Results ANAM efficiency ( p p Conclusions The ANAM is more effective than the MMSE for detecting CI, but further research is needed to develop a more optimal cognitive screen for routine use in HF patients.
Learning to survive the ‘Shopocalypse’: Reverend Billy's anti-consumption ‘pedagogy of the unknown’

This paper explores the ‘social movement learning’ operating within one site of critical public pedagogy and, specifically, examines how the anti-consumption activist group Reverend Billy and the Church of Stop Shopping encourages transitional spaces of learning through a ‘pedagogy of the unknown.’ Bill Talen, a.k.a. ‘Reverend Billy’, is an anti-consumption activist who utilizes performance art as a form of critical public pedagogy. Through an analysis of his performances gathered from numerous sources including video, audio interviews and written scripts, this paper discusses how Reverend Billy's work operates as a form of critical public pedagogy. This paper posits that Reverend Billy: (1) deliberately tries to avoid categorizing himself, so he remains a kind of ‘uncategorizable’ pedagogue and ‘unknowable’ preacher who (2) preaches against the ‘known’ consumerist script, he (3) enacts a pedagogy of the unknown and performs the unknown, as he focuses on asking questions and enacting ‘exalted acts of emba...
Retention of soluble organic nutrients by a forested ecosystem

We document an example of a forested watershed at the Coweeta HydrologicLaboratory with an extraordinary tendency to retain dissolved organic matter(DOM) generated in large quantities within the ecosystem. Our objectives weretodetermine fluxes of dissolved organic C, N, and P (DOC, DON, DOP,respectively),in water draining through each stratum of the ecosystem and synthesizeinformation on the physicochemical, biological and hydrologic factors leadingtoretention of dissolved organic nutrients in this ecosystem. The ecosystemretained 99.3, 97.3, and 99.0% of water soluble organic C, N and P,respectively, produced in litterfall, throughfall, and root exudates. Exportsinstreamwater were 4.1 kg ha−1yr−1of DOC, 0.191 kg ha−1 yr−1 ofDON, and 0.011 kg ha−1 yr−1 ofDOP. Fluxes of DON were greater than those of inorganic N in all strata. MostDOC, DON, and DOP was removed from solution in the A and B horizons, with DOCbeing rapidly adsorbed to Fe and Al oxyhydroxides, most likely by ligandexchange. DON and DOC were released gradually from the forest floor over theyear. Water soluble organic C produced in litterfall and throughfall had adisjoint distribution of half-decay times with very labile and veryrefractory fractions so that most labile DOC was decomposed before beingleachedinto the mineral soil and refractory fractions dominated the DOC transportedthrough the ecosystem. We hypothesize that this watershed retained solubleorganic nutrients to an extraordinary degree because the soils have very highcontents of Fe and Al oxyhydroxides with high adsorption capacities and becausethe predominant hydrologic pathway is downwards as unsaturated flow through astrongly adsorbing A and B horizon. The well recognized retention mechanismsforinorganic nutrients combine with adsorption of DOM and hydrologic pathway toefficiently prevent leaching of both soluble inorganic andorganic nutrients in this watershed.
Mechanical features of chemical shrinkage of cement paste

Note: Setter, N Penn State Univ,Mat Res Lab,University Pk,Pa 16802Fs738Times Cited:10Cited References Count:0 Reference LC-ARTICLE-1978-002doi:10.1016/0008-8846(78)90045-5 Record created on 2006-08-21, modified on 2017-05-10
Effects of river stage height and water temperature on diet composition of year-0 sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus spp.): a multi-year study

Summary The diet composition was quantified of year-0 Scaphirhynchus sturgeons during sampling years (2004–2008) from the Middle Mississippi River to evaluate trends in diet. River stage height varied among years and seasons. Water temperature differed among seasons but did not differ among years. The presence of empty stomachs was evident across years, seasons, and size classes of sturgeon. The overall Multivariate Analysis of Variance for frequency of occurrence was significant, suggesting that macroinvertebrate taxa (e.g. Ephemeroptera, Diptera pupae, Chironomidae, ‘Other’) differed among size classes of sturgeon, but not seasons or years. Furthermore, Tukey's pairwise comparisons indicated Ephemeroptera frequency of occurrence differed between medium and large size classes; Diptera pupae differed between small and medium size classes and small and large size classes; Chironomidae differed between small and large size classes and medium and large size classes; the macroinvertebrate taxa category ‘Other’ differed between small and large size classes. Ultimately, because of the link between diet and growth of year-0 Scaphirhynchus sturgeon, the early life history may affect eventual recruitment to adult stages.
Ligand Requirements for Estrogen Receptor Function and the Actions of Antiestrogens

We have undertaken studies to examine the ligand requirements for the DNA binding and functional activity of human estrogen receptor (ER) within intact cells. By employing an assay using competitive binding of ER with basal transcription factors on a constitutive promoter (CMV-(HRE)n-CAT, containing hormone response element(s) between the TATA-box and the start site of transcription of the Cytomegalovirus promoter upstream of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene) we were able to examine the DNA binding ability of the human ER in whole cells. We used this promoter interference assay to examine the DNA binding of ER in cell lines containing high and low levels of endogenous ER, as well as in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells expressing wild-type and mutant ERs from cotransfected expression vectors. We have found that the ER is capable of binding to reporter templates within intact cells in the absence of ligand; however, ligand enhances this interaction. We provide some evidence that this DNA binding may result in ligand-independent transactivation of transgenes by the receptor, and that DNA binding alone is not sufficient for full receptor activity. Likewise, receptors occupied with estradiol or two classes of antiestrogens were also capable of DNA binding. Receptors occupied with the pure antiestrogen ICI 164,384 bound to DNA in whole cells and were in sufficient quantity to occupy receptor binding sites on reporter templates, indicating that neither a loss of DNA binding of ICI-receptor complexes or reduction of ER protein in target cells could fully explain the antagonistic nature of this compound. Through the analysis of a temperature-sensitive ER mutant (C447A), we provide evidence that the ligand-independent DNA binding observed for the ER is the basis of functional differences observed between the ER and other members of the steroid receptor family.
On Connes’ trace formula for the Hankel transformation of order −1/2

A local Hankel transformation of order −1/2 is defined for every finite place of the field of rational numbers. Its inversion formula and the Plancherel type theorem are obtained. A Connes type trace formula is given for each local Hankel transformation of order −1/2. An S-local Connes type trace formula is derived for the S-local Hankel transformation of order −1/2. These formulas are generalizations of Connes’ corresponding trace formulas in 1999.
Three-dimensional echocardiography-based analysis of right ventricular shape in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Aims Right ventricular (RV) remodelling involves changes in size, function, and shape. Although three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) allows imaging of RV morphology, regional RV shape analysis has not been evaluated using 3DE. We developed a technique to quantify RV shape and tested its ability to differentiate normal from pressure overloaded right ventricles. Methods Transthoracic 3DE RV images were acquired in 54 subjects, including 39 patients with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) and 15 normal controls (NL). 3D RV surfaces were reconstructed (TomTec) at end-diastole and end-systole (ED, ES) and processed using custom software to calculate mean curvature of the inflow and outflow tracts (RVIT, RVOT), apex, and body (both divided into free wall and septum). Methods and Results Septal segments (apical and body) in NLs were characterized by concavity (curvature 0) in ES. In PAH, however, the septum remained convex, bulging into the left ventricle throughout the cardiac cycle. In keeping with the ‘bellows-like’ action of RV contraction in the NL group, the body free wall transitioned from a convex surface at ED to a more flattened surface at ES, while the apex free wall progressed from a less convex surface at ED to a more convex surface at ES. In contrast, in PAH, both RV free-wall segments (apical and body) remained equally convex throughout the cardiac cycle. Conclusions Curvature analysis using 3D echocardiography allows quantitative evaluation of RV remodelling, which could be used to track differential changes in regional RV shape, as a way to assess disease progression or regression.
Simple Ligand Modifications with Pendent OH Groups Dramatically Impact the Activity and Selectivity of Ruthenium Catalysts for Transfer Hydrogenation: The Importance of Alkali Metals

Remarkable differences in selectivity and activity for ruthenium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation are described that are imparted by pendent OH groups. Kinetic experiments, as well as the study of control complexes devoid of OH groups, reveal that the pendent OH groups serve to orient the ketone substrate through ion pairing with an alkali metal under basic conditions. The deprotonation of the OH groups was found to modulate the electronics at the metal center, providing a more electron rich ruthenium center. The effects of the ion pairing between alkali metals and the pendent alkoxide groups were highlighted by demonstrating chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of ketones in the presence of olefins. The results illustrate that a simple ligand modification (installation of OH groups) imparts dramatic changes to catalysis. Pendent OH groups turn on catalysis through electronic perturbations at the metal site under basic conditions and can also change the mechanism of catalysis, the latter of which can be ...
Chemical Synthesis of Aluminum Nitride Powders

An organoaluminum precursor was synthesized by a low temperature reaction and characterized by NMR, FTIR and mass spectrometry. This compound was pyrolyzed under several experimental conditions to obtain aluminum nitride powders. The pyrolyzed products were subsequently characterized by XRD and SEM. The mechanisms of precursor development and subsequent pyrolysis are discussed.
Abstract 1489: Function of Rho kinases on HCC tumor growth and metastasis

The Rho/ROCK (Rho-associated protein kinase) pathway has been found to be frequently upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Clinico-pathological research has shown that increased RhoA and ROCK2 expression are associated with the presence of tumor microsatellite formation. RhoA is over expressed in 69% of HCC, and high RhoA levels are correlated with poor survival. ROCK2 protein level is upregulated in 54% of HCC, and its expression is associated with intrahepatic metastasis. The ROCK2 knockdown by short hairpin (sh)RNA leads to significant reduction of tumor formation. These observations suggest that Rho/ROCK pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of liver cancer. Down-regulation of the Rho/ROCK pathway may inhibit tumor metastasis. However, the role of ROCK1 in HCC metastasis is still not clear. In order to dissect out the roles of ROCK1 and ROCK2 in liver tumor formation and metastasis, we used the shRNAmir- lentiviral system to knockdown ROCK1, ROCK2, and ROCK1/ROCK2 in HCC cell lines. The RNA and protein levels of ROCK1 and ROCK2 were significantly reduced in HCC cell lines that expressed shRNAs targeting ROCK1 and ROCK2. Orthotopically implanted HCC cells carrying shRNA targeted at ROCK1 and ROCK2 either alone or in combination were examined for tumor induction in mice. Our data showed that tumor growth was significantly reduced in those mice inoculated with cells expressing shRNAs. In addition, fewer tumor nodules as compared to the control (Non-target shRNA control) group were seen in those mice. Using qRT-PCR, we confirmed that the decreased ROCK activity was associated with the reduction of ROCK1 and ROCK2 RNA levels in mouse liver samples. Conclusion: our results indicate that both ROCK1 and ROCK2 are important for HCC tumor growth. Moreover, we demonstrated that ROCK1 played a more significant role than ROCK2 in HCC intrahepatic metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1489. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1489
Functional architecture of the Reb1-Ter complex of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Reb1 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe represents a family of multifunctional proteins that bind to specific terminator sites (Ter) and cause polar termination of transcription catalyzed by RNA polymerase I (pol I) and arrest of replication forks approaching the Ter sites from the opposite direction. However, it remains to be investigated whether the same mechanism causes arrest of both DNA transactions. Here, we present the structure of Reb1 as a complex with a Ter site at a resolution of 2.7 A. Structure-guided molecular genetic analyses revealed that it has distinct and well-defined DNA binding and transcription termination (TTD) domains. The region of the protein involved in replication termination is distinct from the TTD. Mechanistically, the data support the conclusion that transcription termination is not caused by just high affinity Reb1-Ter protein–DNA interactions. Rather, protein–protein interactions between the TTD with the Rpa12 subunit of RNA pol I seem to be an integral part of the mechanism. This conclusion is further supported by the observation that double mutations in TTD that abolished its interaction with Rpa12 also greatly reduced transcription termination thereby revealing a conduit for functional communications between RNA pol I and the terminator protein.
Supervision: Terminable and Interminable

Freud long ago noted the difficulty some psychotherapists have in terminating their patients, much in the same way parents have difficulty in letting their children go. The same problem can arise in supervision too, as the following case description illustrates. The psychologist supervised graduate student interns at a psychiatric hospital, typically for just one of their patients. Subsequently, when these interns eventually set up private practices, many of them joined this psychologist's group in which concern focused on problems that arose with patients and general problems arising from setting up a clinical practice. Almost al l of those who joined these groups also joined an institute that was set up by the psychologist and another colleague for the purpose of advancing professional skills by organizing meetings and workshops. The membea of the supervision groups and the institute occasionally referred patients to one another, and occasionally potential patients contacted the institute and were referred to members of the institute. Several of the members worked together occasionally as cotherapists with clients, families or groups. In addition, many of the members of the supervisory groups and the institute eventually started psychotherapy with the psychologist or the colleague. Some were in individual psychotherapy, some in group psychotherapy and some in psychotherapy for couples. A few were in nvo or all three of these treatment modalities. (The psychotherapy provided was long-term and in depth.) In this way, this psychologist (and the colleague), who had supervised the former interns for one patient each, later ran a supervisory group for them, a professional institute with them as members and had them in individual, group, and/or couples therapy. The multiplicity of roles this psychologist had with former students raises the issue of boundary violations. Did the many roles conflict, and could a psychologist function in all of these roles with his students/ clients/colleagues? A legal action based in part on whether these multiple roles constituted a clear breach of ethical rules was settled out of court before a decision could be handed down. In some respects, the multiplicity of roles included many that Sigmund Freud had with his first disciples. But Freud functioned many years ago before ethics for those conducting psychotherapy had been discussed. Furthermore, the present psychologist involved was barely known outside of this group. Such a tightly-knit group of psychotherapists is rare. Even if a psychotherapist feels the need for these experiences, typically each experience is sought from a different source. In the present case, all experiences were bound up in the same small group with the same leader. Such a practice probably contravenes the ethical rules of the profession, and it appears to be an unhealthy arrangement.
Pregnancy, drugs, and the dermatologist

Isotretinoin focused the attention of the dermatologic community on the risk of use of dermatologic drugs that may pose potential risk to the fetus or infant of a woman who is pregnant or breast-feeding. Besides isotretinoin, antineoplastic agents such as methotrexate present high risk during pregnancy. Antipruritic medications such as trimeprazine and doxepin should be avoided during pregnancy and lactation. Antibiotics that pose potential risks at some time during pregnancy or lactation include tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, rifampin, and sulfonamides. Even topical agents such as povidone-iodine may place a fetus at risk. Use of podophyllum during pregnancy is not recommended. Ultraviolet light has not been associated with problems during pregnancy or lactation, although heat exposure during early pregnancy has been associated with teratogenicity. Analgesics such as acetaminophen are associated with minimal risk to the fetus or infant, but some of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents such as indomethacin are associated with reports of problems in infants. This article reviews information on the potential risks of drug use during pregnancy and lactation and identifies sources that the dermatologist may use.
Research on Target Value Analysis Methods in Joint Information Operations

The paper analyzes the characters of target selection problem of joint information operations, gives a new method of value analysis and target selection in a network target system. Target selection is an important problem in simulation and decision support of joint information operations. Target value analysis is the base of target selection. The paper researches different measures of target value comparison, confirms the measurement of target network value and gives value models for node targets, node target groups and link targets by graph theory. An arithmetic sample testifies that the model can solve the target selection problem of information operations for attacking a network. It is a new method for value analysis and target selection in a network target system.
The Hungarian Economy: Prospects for the 1980s*

This chapter presents the Hungarian economy prospects for the 1980s. Hungarian prospects for the 1980s are related to the Hungarian economic reform of the 1960s and 1970s. The Hungarians produced the only economic reform in which economic decentralization was in operation within the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) for a significant amount of time. Hungary served as a test case of economic decentralization and was observed closely by the other CMEA countries, partially because of the increasingly serious economic problems they faced. Hungary decided to build its policies for the 1980s around the competitive, uncertain environment of world trade. However, three external factors severely hampered this strategy: (1) US–USSR relations deteriorated because of Afghanistan and other issues, leading to a cooling of detente ; (2) uncertainty concerning future world market prices for energy and raw materials was greater than that for other commodities, which encouraged Hungary to contribute more toward CMEA energy and raw material projects, thereby offering greater stability in terms of price and supply; and (3) the 1980s will be a decade of changing relative world market prices, probably leading to a further deterioration in Hungarian terms of trade.
CONFORMATIONAL EFFECTS OF THE HbS MUTATION

The carbonmonoxy derivatives of hemoglobins A and S showed a different optical activity in the Soret region of the spectra. In the β subunits of hemoglobins A and S a different optical activity was measured respectively between the carbonmonoxy and cyano-ferric derivatives. The deoxy derivatives showed different CD spectra only in the presence of inositol hexaphosphate. Sedimentation velocity experiments could not detect a different state of aggregation between the normal and mutant derivatives. The apoderivatives of the β subunits of hemoglobin S showed a lower helical content and a larger amount of β conformation than the apoderivatives of the β subunits of hemoglobin A. The β (1–55) peptides from the β subunits of hemoglobins A and S have been separated and analyzed. The β S (1–55) peptide showed a higher content of β conformation and lower amount of α helix when compared to the β A (1–55) peptide. The apoderivative from the β subunits of hemoglobin S and the β S (1–55) peptide aggregated with increasing ionic strength. The CD measurement showed that their secondary structure did not change upon a 10-fold dilution of the sample. It is proposed that the β 6 glu→val mutation induces a change in the conformation of the amino terminal segment of the β S subunits.
Suicidality in adolescents and adults with binge-eating disorder: Results from the national comorbidity survey replication and adolescent supplement.

Objective The relation between binge-eating disorder (BED) and suicidality (i.e., suicide ideation, plan, and/or attempt) has not been studied extensively, and it is unknown whether BED is uniquely associated with suicidality when adjusting for comorbid psychopathology. Moreover, the course of suicidality in BED has not been determined and it is unknown whether BED precedes suicidality or vice versa. Method A total of 10,123 adolescents and 2,980 adults from two nationally representative surveys were administered diagnostic interviews assessing psychopathology and suicidality, as well the retrospectively reported ages of onset. Results Among adults and adolescents, BED was associated with elevated odds of suicide ideation, plan, and attempt at a univariate level, but BED was not associated with elevated odds of suicidality when adjusting for comorbid psychopathology. Kaplan–Meier estimates of temporal patterns displayed that most adolescents experienced suicidality onset following BED onset, whereas most adults experienced suicidality onset prior to BED onset. Discussion BED, comorbid disorders, and suicidality share common factors and interrelations, and individuals with BED and comorbid disorders may be at particularly high risk for suicidal outcomes. The presence of BED in adolescence may serve as a marker for more severe symptomatology that precedes the occurrence of suicidality. Research is needed to understand how eating disorder symptoms, comorbid symptoms, and suicidality affect one another over time. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:40–49)
Aromatase deficiency in a male patient - Case report and review of the literature.

Abstract Objective Aromatase, or CYP19A1, is a type II cytochrome CYP450 enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of C19 androgens to C18 estrogens. Its crucial role in both female and male physiology has been deduced from human and animal studies using aromatase inhibitors, genetically altered mice, and patients with aromatase deficiency. The latter is an extremely rare disorder. Its diagnosis is particularly difficult in males, who go through puberty normally and therefore usually present as adults with elevated testosterone, bone abnormalities (e.g., delayed bone age and low bone mass), and metabolic syndrome. In this report, we describe a new case of a male patient with aromatase deficiency harboring a known mutation who presented with less severe clinical and biochemical features. Case report The patient presented with low bone mass and delayed bone age after a finger fracture at age 25 years. FSH, LH and testosterone levels were normal, but estradiol and estrone levels were absent or barely detectable, raising suspicion for aromatase deficiency. A homozygous c.628G > A mutation in exon 5 was confirmed by direct sequencing. Unlike previously reported cases of aromatase deficiency, he did not display biochemical features of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, or overweight/obese status. Therapy with estradiol led to the closure of growth plates and a dramatic increase in bone mass. Conclusions Here we explore genotype/phenotype associations of this new case compared to cases reported previously. We conclude that the specific nature of mutation c.628G > A, which can potentially result in several different forms of the aromatase enzyme, may lend an explanation to the variable phenotypes associated with this particular genotype.
First Experiences with ab initio Molecular Dynamics on OpenPOWER: The Case of CPMD

In this article, we present the algorithmic adaptation and code re-engineering required for porting highly successful and popular planewave codes to next-generation heterogeneous OpenPOWER architectures that foster acceleration and high bandwidth links to GPUs. Here we focus on CPMD as the most representative software for ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. We have ported the construction of the electronic density, the application of the potential to the wavefunctions and the orthogonalization procedure to the GPU. The different GPU kernels consist mainly of fast Fourier transforms (FFT) and basic linear algebra operations (BLAS). The performance of the new implementation obtained on Firestone (POWER8/Tesla) is discussed. We show that the communication between the host and the GPU contributes a large fraction of the total run time. We expect a strong attenuation of the communication bottleneck when the NVLink high-speed interconnect will be available.
Ambient Air Pollution Exposures and Risk of Parkinson's Disease (P3.351)

Objective: We investigated the associations of long-term residential concentrations of ambient particulate matter (PM) less than 10µm in diameter (PM10), less than 2.5µm in diameter (PM2.5), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in relation to Parkinson’s disease (PD) risk. Background: Few epidemiologic studies have evaluated the effects of air pollution on risk of PD. Methods: Our case-control analysis included 1,556 self-reported physician-diagnosed PD cases identified between 1995-2006 and 3,313 age-, sex-, and race-matched controls. We geocoded home addresses reported in 1995-1996 and estimated the average ambient concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 using a national fine-scale geo-statistical model incorporating roadway information and other geographic covariates. Air pollutant exposures were analyzed both as quintiles and continuous variables, adjusting for matching variables and potential confounders. Results: We observed no statistically significant overall association between PM or NO2 exposures and PD risk. However, in pre-planned subgroup analyses, a higher risk of PD was associated with higher exposure to PM10 (ORQ5vsQ1=1.65; 95[percnt] CI: 1.11, 2.45; p-trend=0.02) among women, and to PM2.5 (ORQ5vsQ1=1.29; 95[percnt] CI: 0.94, 1.76; p-trend=0.04) among never smokers. In post-hoc analyses among female never smokers, both PM2.5 (OR for Q5vsQ1=1.79; 95[percnt] CI: 1.01, 3.17; p-trend=0.05) and PM10 (OR for Q5vsQ1=2.34; 95[percnt] CI: 1.29, 4.26; p-trend=0.01) showed positive associations with PD risk. Analyses based on continuous exposure variables generally showed similar but non-significant associations. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that exposures to PM2.5 and PM10 may increase PD risk in female never smokers. Further research is needed to confirm this finding and investigate underlying mechanisms. Disclosure: Dr. Liu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Young has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kaufman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chen has nothing to disclose.
Improving top-N recommendation with heterogeneous loss

Personalized top-N recommendation systems have great impact on many real world applications such as E-commerce platforms and social networks. Most existing methods produce personalized top-N recommendations by minimizing a specific uniform loss such as pairwise ranking loss or pointwise recovery loss. In this paper, we propose a novel personalized top-N recommendation approach that minimizes a combined heterogeneous loss based on linear self-recovery models. The heterogeneous loss integrates the strengths of both pairwise ranking loss and pointwise recovery loss to provide more informative recommendation predictions. We formulate the learning problem with heterogeneous loss as a constrained convex minimization problem and develop a projected stochastic gradient descent optimization algorithm to solve it. We evaluate the proposed approach on a set of personalized top-N recommendation tasks. The experimental results show the proposed approach outperforms a number of state-of-the-art methods on top-N recommendation.
Beyond Culture: Structural Determinants of the Spread of Ebola in Sierra Leone

The spread of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) has elicited cultural analyses both in the popular and international health sphere. Very little attention is being paid to both local and global structural factors that may be responsible for the spread of the disease in the affected countries. Similar to analyses on the spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa, culture has once again been reconfigured and redeployed as a risk factor in the spread of EVD. Burial practices, traditional healers and consumption of bush meat have been cited numerous times as explanatory variables in the spread of EVD. While culture cannot be ignored, a wholesale focus on African culture runs the risk of ignoring socio-economic and political structures that may be more of a determining factor in the spread of the disease. Sierra Leone has one of the highest infection rates in West Africa. It was reported that the country records one infection every five hours. This paper seeks to examine and elucidate the structural determinants of the spread of EVD in Sierra Leone. I argue that, rather than culture, structural violence, bad governance, corruption, inequality and the inadequate provision of health care have played a crucial yet devastating role in the spread of EVD in Sierra Leone. Furthermore I argue that some of the cultural practices that have persisted even in the face of death from the disease are sometimes a consequence of some of the structural factors listed. I conclude with some suggestions about how the spread of the disease cannot only be curbed but how future epidemics can be prevented.
Simultaneous front and back side Cu metallization on power chips

This article describes a new tool and process for Cu electroplating on power chips. The tool enables a new, more efficient method for embedding power chips by means of simultaneous electroplating on both sides of the wafer. Additional tool features, to be discussed in this article, provide technical benefits for embedded technologies and enable further miniaturization of power chip packages to comply with future requirements and products.
Sex Differences in the Brain: Focus on Developmental Mechanisms

Abstract Pervasive gender inequities in the frequency and severity of neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders remain unexplained. The complexity of humans precludes ready separation of biology from experience and environment but only by understanding mechanisms can we identify novel avenues for therapeutic treatment and prevention. Laboratory rodents have proven highly valuable in this effort. Developmental steroids modulate cell genesis, cell death, cell differentiation, myelination, migration, and synaptic patterning. These effects are achieved by distinct mechanisms in specific regions and subnuclei, resulting in a mosaic of sexually dimorphic endpoints. Testosterone and its by-product estradiol, enhance excitation in immature neurons. Microglia, the innate immune system of the brain, are critical partners in masculinization of synaptic patterns via prostaglandin signaling. Endocannabinoid tone is higher in regions of neonatal male brain and impacts cell genesis. Epigenetic modifications of histones and DNA establish and maintain sex differences. All are subject to modification by disease or injury.
Effect of patient age on accuracy of primary MRI signs of long head of biceps tearing and instability in the shoulder: an MRI-arthroscopy correlation study

To determine the effect of patient age on the accuracy of primary MRI signs of long head of biceps (LHB) tendon tearing and instability in the shoulder using arthroscopy as a reference standard. Subjects with MRI studies and subsequent arthroscopy documenting LHB tendon pathology were identified and organized into three age groups (18–40, 41–60, 61–87). Normal and tendinopathic tendons were labeled grade 0, partial tears grade 1 and full tears grade 2. Two radiologists blinded to arthroscopic data graded MRI studies independently. Prevalence of disease, MRI accuracy for outcomes of interest, and inter-reader agreement were calculated. Eighty-nine subjects fulfilled inclusion criteria with 36 grade 0, 36 grade 1 and 17 grade 2 tendons found at arthroscopy. MRI sensitivity, regardless of age, ranged between 67–86% for grade 0, 72–94% for grade 1 and 82–94% for grade 2 tendons. Specificity ranged between 83–96% for grade 0, 75–85% for grade 1 and 99–100% for grade 2 tendons. MRI accuracy for detection of each LHB category was calculated for each age group. MRI was found to be least sensitive for grade 0 and 1 LHB tendons in the middle-aged group with sensitivity between 55–85% for grade 0 and 53–88% for grade 1 tendons. Agreement between MRI readers was moderate with an unweighted kappa statistic of 62%. MRI accuracy was moderate to excellent and agreement between MRI readers was moderate. MRI appears to be less accurate in characterizing lower grades of LHB tendon disease in middle-aged subjects.
Introduction: God and the IRS: Accommodating Religious Practice in United States Tax Law

Seventy-five percent of Americans claim religious affiliation, which can impact their taxpaying responsibilities. In this illuminating book, Samuel D. Brunson describes the many problems and breakdowns that can occur when tax meets religion in the United States, and shows how the US government has too often responded to these issues in an unprincipled, ad hoc manner. God and the IRS offers a better framework to understand tax and religion. It should be read by scholars of religion and the law, policymakers, and individuals interested in understanding the implications of taxation on their religious practices. https://www.amazon.com/God-IRS-Accommodating-Religious-Practice/dp/1107176301
Video Games and Emotion Regulation

Abstract. Research on age differences in media usage has shown that older adults are more likely than younger adults to select positive emotional content. Research on emotional aging has examined whether older adults also seek out positivity in the everyday situations they choose, resulting so far in mixed results. We investigated the emotional choices of different age groups using video games as a more interactive type of affect-laden stimuli. Participants made multiple selections from a group of positive and negative games. Results showed that older adults selected the more positive games, but also reported feeling worse after playing them. Results supplement the literature on positivity in situation selection as well as on older adults’ interactive media preferences.
Gone in sixty (milli)seconds: Disentangling the effects of location context on attention bias.

Attention bias is associated with a broad range of emotional disorders. Because of its transportability, attention bias modification (ABM) training can be administered outside of the laboratory; however, some evidence suggests that ABM training may be less effective when conducted in the individual's natural environment. The aim of this study was to examine factors that might account for the attenuated effects of attentional bias (AB) when assessed remotely. One hundred fifty-eight undergraduate psychology students completed the Emotional Stroop Task on two occasions - once in the laboratory and once remotely. To help disentangle the influences of emotional state and location on attention bias, participants were randomized to view either an emotionally provocative clip or an emotionally neutral clip prior to completing the emotional Stroop task. Results showed evidence of an attentional bias only in the laboratory, among participants in the neutral emotion condition (b = -19.67, P = .008, 95% CI [-34.18, -5.15]). Exploratory analyses revealed that emotion provocation was associated with attentional bias among individuals with greater symptoms of depression, but only remotely (b = -15.70, P = 0.046, 95% CI [-31.15, -0.25]). These findings suggest that caution should be used when conducting attention bias research remotely. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
Role of gender in dual-tasking timed up and go tests: a cross-sectional study

Gender plays a role in cognitive performance. Yet the selection of a secondary task, an important paradigm in studies of posture control, has not considered gender as a variable. We explored whether different cognitive tasks differentially influence performance during the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test in men and women. Twenty young adults performed five cognitive tasks while seated and during the TUG test. Men exhibited a slower normalized cadence than women. When seated, women recalled more items than men and men were more accurate in mental calculation task. There were no changes in spatiotemporal measures. We conclude that gender did not play a major role in motor-cognitive interference during dual task TUG test.
The demographic and life‐history costs of fear: Trait‐mediated effects of threat of predation on Aedes triseriatus

Predators alter prey populations via direct lethality (density-mediated effects), but in many taxa, the indirect nonlethal threat of predation may be almost as strong an effect, altering phenotypically plastic traits such as prey morphology, behavior, and life history (trait-mediated effects). There are costs to antipredator defenses and the strength of prey responses to cues of predation likely depends on both the perceived level of risk and food availability.The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that the costs of nonlethal trait-mediated interactions impacting larvae can have carryover effects that alter life-history traits, adult characteristics, and ultimately population dynamics.The effects of Toxorhynchites rutilus kairomones and chemical alarm cues on Aedes triseriatus were assessed in a two-level factorial design manipulating nutrient level (low or high) and chemical cues of predation (present or absent).Nonlethal chemical cues of predation significantly decreased female survivorship and significantly decreased female size. Females emerged as adults significantly earlier when exposed to predation cues when there was high nutrient availability. When raised in the low nutrient treatment and exposed to predator cues, adult females had 2.1 times the hazard of death compared to high nutrient-no predator cues. Females raised in the high nutrient and predator cue treatment blood fed sooner than did females from other combinations.Fear of predation can substantially alter prey life-history traits and behavior, which can cascade into dramatic population, community, and ecosystem effects. Exposure to predator cues significantly decreased the estimated cohort rate of increase, potentially altering the expected population density of the next generation.
The diagnostic challenge of dream-enactment behaviors.

Citation:Gorantla S, Rodriguez CL. The diagnostic challenge of dream-enactment behavior. J Clin Sleep Med. 2020;16(11):1837–1838.