cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Hirshfeld-I interpretation of the local moment composition of the quadrupole moments of the halogenated acetylenes FCCF, ClCCCl, BrCCBr, and ICCI

Abstract We have interpreted the molecular quadrupole moments of the di-halogenated acetylenes, XCCX, where X = F, Cl, Br, and I as well as the parent HCCH in terms of the in situ atomic moments (charge, dipole and quadrupole) calculated with the Hirshfeld-I partitioning of the electron density. The conclusion from this analysis is that the SCF and CCSD molecular densities are similar and predict comparable atomic densities and in situ moments. We find that the σ charge on carbon decreases monotonically with the electronegativity difference between carbon and the substituent X, being positive for X = F, Cl and Br and going negative for X = I and H. The π charge on carbon is negative for all of the halogens and positive for H, reflecting the opportunity for back donation in the halogens and the lack thereof in H. The contribution of the three localized moments to the molecular quadrupole moments of ClCCCl, HCCH, BrCCBr and ICCI are all positive resulting in positive quadrupole moments while the negative quadrupole moment of FCCF is due to cancelation between the large negative contribution of the charge and the positive induced dipole, quadrupole terms. The HI charges are significantly different from the point charges obtained from fitting the molecular quadrupole moments. Additionally we show that the computed in situ atomic quadrupoles may be used to assign an electronic configuration to the in situ atoms.
Phase unwrapping algorithm based on reliability and edge detection

A new phase unwrapping algorithm based on reliability and edge detection is presented. Since the edge is detected efficiently through edge relaxation, the unwrapping procedure is simplified within the areas embraced by edges. Penetrating edges according to reliability ensures that this method will limit the unwrapping error to local-minimum areas at worst. © 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (S0091-3286(97)02106-5)
Understanding the Importance of Life Mission when Advising Soldiers.

Most military students take college courses in order to be promotable, learn a new skill, and/or transition into civilian life. This chapter describes the difference between viewing advising through a transient lens (addressing only the immediate needs of enrollment and program completion) and a permanent lens (planning long-term career and personal aspirations).
Quantitative boundary reconstruction from truncated phase-contrast tomographic projections

Propagation-based phase-contrast tomography is a non-interferometric imaging technique that can reconstruct the complex refractive index distribution of an object. To accomplish such a reconstruction, however, the measured phase-contrast projections must be untruncated. We have demonstrated recently that the mathematical theory of local computed tomography (CT), which was originally developed for absorption CT, can be applied naturally for understanding the problem of reconstructing the location of image boundaries from truncated phase-contrast projections. In this work, we reveal that, for two-dimensional objects, the magnitude of refractive index discontinuities can be reconstructed from truncated phase-contrast projections acquired in the near-Fresnel zone. We show that these magnitudes can be reliably reconstructed using algorithms that were developed originally for local absorption CT.
The Black Power and Chicano Movements in the Poverty Wars in Los Angeles

This article explores three distinct community action agencies (CAAs) created as part of the War on Poverty in Los Angeles and their connection to movements for cultural and economic empowerment. T...
Deep global cycling of carbon constrained by the solidus of anhydrous, carbonated eclogite under upper mantle conditions

Abstract We present partial melting experiments that constrain the near solidus phase relations of carbonated eclogite from 2 to 8.5 GPa. The starting material was prepared by adding 5 wt.% CO2 in the form of a mixture of Fe–Mg–Ca–Na–K carbonates to an eclogite from Salt Lake crater, Oahu, Hawaii and is a reasonable approximation of carbonated oceanic crust from which siliceous hydrous fluids have been extracted during subduction. Melt-present versus melt-absent conditions are distinguished based on textural criteria. Garnet and clinopyroxene appear in all the experiments. Between 2 and 3 GPa, the subsolidus assemblage also includes ilmenite±calcio-dolomitess±CO2, whereas above the solidus (1050–1075 °C at 3 GPa) calcio-dolomitic liquid appears. From 3 to 4.5 GPa, dolomitess is stable at the solidus and the near-solidus melt becomes increasingly dolomitic. The appearance of dolomite above 3 GPa is accompanied by a negative Clapeyron slope of the solidus, with a minimum located between 995 and 1025 °C at ca. 4 GPa. Above 4 GPa, the solidus rises with increasing pressure to 1245±35 °C at 8.5 GPa and magnesite becomes the subsolidus carbonate. Dolomitic melt coexists with magnesite+garnet+cpx+rutile along the solidus from 5 to 8.5 GPa. Comparison of our results to other recent experimental studies [T. Hammouda, High-pressure melting of carbonated eclogite and experimental constraints on carbon recycling and storage in the mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 214 (2003) 357–368; G.M. Yaxley, G.P. Brey, Phase relations of carbonate-bearing eclogite assemblages from 2.5 to 5.5 GPa: implications for petrogenesis of carbonatites, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 146 (2004) 606–619] shows that carbonate minerals are preserved in anhydrous or slightly hydrous carbonated eclogite to temperatures >1100 and >1200 °C at 5 and 9 GPa, respectively. Thus, deep subduction of carbonate is expected along any plausible subduction geotherm. If extrapolated to higher pressures, the carbonated eclogite solidus is likely to intersect the oceanic geotherm at a depth close to 400 km. Carbonated eclogite bodies entering the convecting upper mantle will thus release carbonate melt near the top of the mantle transition zone and may account for anomalously slow seismic velocities at depths of 280–400 km. Upon release, this small volume, highly reactive melt could be an effective agent of deep mantle metasomatism. Comparison of the carbonated eclogite solidus with that of peridotite-CO2 shows a shallower solidus–geotherm intersection for the latter. This implies that carbonated peridotite is a more likely proximal source of magmatic carbon in oceanic provinces. However, carbonated eclogite is a potential source of continental carbonatites, as its solidus crosses the continental shield geotherm at ca. 4 GPa. Transfer of eclogite-derived carbonate melt to peridotite may account for the geochemical characteristics of some oceanic island basalts (OIBs) and their association with high CaO and CO2.
SEASONAL TO INTERANNUAL VARIATIONS OF SOIL MOISTURE MEASURED IN OKLAHOMA

Agriculture is a $2 billion component of the state economy in Oklahoma. As a result, meteorological, climatological, and agricultural communities should benefit from an improved understanding of soil moisture conditions and how those conditions vary spatially and temporally. The Oklahoma Mesonet is an automated observing network that provides realtime hydrometeorological observations at 115 stations across Oklahoma. In 1996, sensors were installed at 60 Mesonet sites to provide near-real-time observations of soil moisture. This study focuses on 6 years of soil moisture data collected between 1997 and 2002 to analyse the annual cycle and temporal characteristics of soil moisture across Oklahoma. The statewide analysis of the annual cycle of soil moisture revealed four distinct soil moisture phases. In addition, the four statewide phases were also observed in each of the nine climate divisions across Oklahoma, although the temporal characteristics of each phase were unique for each division. Further analysis demonstrated that, at shallow soil depths (5 and 25 cm), the spatial variability of soil moisture across Oklahoma was most homogeneous during the winter and spring periods and most heterogeneous during the summer and autumn periods. Conversely, at greater depths (60 and 75 cm), soil moisture was most heterogeneous during the winter period and the most homogeneous during the late spring. Copyright  2004 Royal Meteorological Society.
Damage detection in composites by ZnO sensors

The development of composites with self-diagnostic capabilities is based on the analysis of a mathematical model of the structure. The method is illustrated for a vibrating cantilevered plate and analyzed considering damping. Damage is modeled as an elastic joint, and the spectrum of natural frequencies is calculated for different positions and magnitudes of the elastic joint. Small sensors consisting of tungsten filaments coated with ZnO are embedded in the plate, and their output is modeled. The solution of the inverse problem depends on the position and extent of damage which can be uniquely solved if the system is not overdamped with respect to the primary frequency. Higher modes have a decreasing contribution to the signal output; when the primary mode is overdamped, only the secondary frequency can be detected reliably. The solution to the inverse problem is no longer unique; there are as many as three different solutions (damage position and extent of damage) all of which produce the same signal output.
Psychological threat and extrinsic goal striving

Although people generally endorse intrinsic goals for growth, intimacy, and community more than extrinsic goals for money, appearance, and popularity, people sometimes over-emphasize extrinsic goals, to the potential detriment of their well-being. When and why does this occur? Results from three experimental studies show that psychological threat increases the priority that people give to extrinsic compared to intrinsic goals. This was found in the case of existential threat (Study 1), economic threat (Studies 2), and interpersonal threat (Study 3). Discussion focuses on the possible reasons why threat breeds extrinsic orientations.
The personality of the neurosurgeon.

In conclusion, the personality of the neurosurgeon is interwoven with his philosophical attitudes. He is a member of an elite and sometimes reflects this in his attitudes and behaviour. He requires physical and mental stamina and steeliness of soul to withstand unpleasant outcomes. He must be intellectually curious and technically skilled. He must be obsessive and decisive. He ought to empathise with his patients without becoming emotionally entwined with their problems. He should develop a maturity of judgement and balance of personality which augurs well both for himself and his patients.
Particle-width effect on CP-violating asymmetries.

$\mathrm{CP}$-violating asymmetries calculated from the Breit-Wigner approximation for unstable particle propagators violate $\mathrm{CPT}$ invariance. A formalism satisfying $\mathrm{CPT}$ invariance and unitarity is presented. Applications are given to $t$ decays. For the decay $t\ensuremath{\rightarrow}b{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\tau}}\overline{\ensuremath{\tau}}$ in a class of $\mathrm{CP}$-violating Higgs models the $\mathrm{CP}$-violating asymmetry turns out to be ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ times smaller than the previously reported results.
Synthesis of terephthalic acid via Diels-Alder reactions with ethylene and oxidized variants of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

Terephthalic acid (PTA), a monomer in the synthesis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), is obtained by the oxidation of petroleum-derived p-xylene. There is significant interest in the synthesis of renewable, biomass-derived PTA. Here, routes to PTA starting from oxidized products of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) that can be produced from biomass are reported. These routes involve Diels-Alder reactions with ethylene and avoid the hydrogenation of HMF to 2,5-dimethylfuran. Oxidized derivatives of HMF are reacted with ethylene over solid Lewis acid catalysts that do not contain strong Bronsted acids to synthesize intermediates of PTA and its equally important diester, dimethyl terephthalate (DMT). The partially oxidized HMF, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furoic acid (HMFA), is reacted with high pressure ethylene over a pure-silica molecular sieve containing framework tin (Sn-Beta) to produce the Diels-Alder dehydration product, 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzoic acid (HMBA), with 31% selectivity at 61% HMFA conversion after 6 h at 190 °C. If HMFA is protected with methanol to form methyl 5-(methoxymethyl)furan-2-carboxylate (MMFC), MMFC can react with ethylene in the presence of Sn-Beta for 2 h to produce methyl 4-(methoxymethyl)benzenecarboxylate (MMBC) with 46% selectivity at 28% MMFC conversion or in the presence of a pure-silica molecular sieve containing framework zirconium (Zr-Beta) for 6 h to produce MMBC with 81% selectivity at 26% MMFC conversion. HMBA and MMBC can then be oxidized to produce PTA and DMT, respectively. When Lewis acid containing mesoporous silica (MCM-41) and amorphous silica, or Bronsted acid containing zeolites (Al-Beta), are used as catalysts, a significant decrease in selectivity/yield of the Diels-Alder dehydration product is observed.
Tat-mediated protein delivery can facilitate MHC class I presentation of antigens

We have previously shown that the tat protein of HIV-1 can be used as a carrier to promote the intracellular delivery of heterologous proteins. Here we have tested if the tat-delivery technology can be used to direct MHC class I presentation of native protein, using ovalbumin (OVA) as a model system. We show that a tat-ovalbumin conjugate (tatOVA) can be delivered into cells and that subsequent processing and presentation occurs, resulting in effective and specific killing of these target cells by an OVA specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) line. Comparison with the E.G7 line that expresses the OVA gene indicates that tat-mediated delivery is as efficient as endogenous expression in this system. Tat-mediated antigenic protein delivery may be useful both as a research technique and, potentially, as a therapeutic or prophylactic vaccine.
Unbonded beams on a two-parameter foundation

Abstract Unbonded beams supported by a foundation are studied. The foundation is assumed that tensile stresses cannot be transmitted across the interface between beams and their supporting subgrade. The subgrade is characterized by a two-parameter model proposed by Vlasov and Leont'ev, Pasternak and Filonenko-Borodich. Thus the shear strength of the foundation material is taken into account. With a suitable choice of parameters, analytical solutions are obtained and compared to experimental results reported by Durelli et al. The effects of the “lift up” of the beam and a discussion of the foundation parameters are also presented.
Digitalis Delirium in Elderly Patients

Case histories of four elderly patients with central nervous system signs of digitalis toxicity were reviewed. Evidence of toxicity included lethargy, depression which was not present previously, confusion, restlessness, emotional instability, hyperventilation, and vertigo. Vomiting developed four days after the onset of the mental changes. No cardiac arrhythmias were observed. Digoxin serum levels ranged between 4.2 and 7.0 ng/ml. Serum potassium values were within normal limits. Three of the four patients recovered with a return of their mental status to the pretoxic state. The fourth case was fatal. At autopsy long-standing myocardial ischemia was the only significant finding.
The assessment of fine coal cleanability

ABSTRACT The ultimate cleanability of a coal by a physical separation process is dictated by its washability. In general, coal washability improves as particle size is reduced. Unfortunately, standard methods of accurately determining fine coal washability have not yet been established. In the present work, washability data for 28 mesh × 0, 200 mesh × 0, and 20 µm × 0 Pittsburgh No. 8 coal are obtained and compared using three different experimental characterization techniques. These techniques include image analysis, centrifugal float-sink analysis, and flotation release analysis. The image analysis and centrifugal float-sink techniques are found to produce similar washability results since these techniques are governed by the bulk properties of the coal. Release analysis, on the other hand, is governed by the surface properties of the coal and always produces an inferior separation. The results of the present work strongly suggest a need for developing improved gravity separation techniques for processi...
Polarization of phosphorescence in nitroaromatics

Abstract Polarization of phosphorescence of several aromatic nitro compounds has been studied by the photoselection technique. It is shown that the 0,0 band of the π* → π phosphorescence of 2-nitronaphthalene is largely in-plane, long-axis polarized. The result is suggested to arise from the contributions of the dipole moments of the ground state and the lowest triplet state to the transition moment of the phosphorescence. Intramolecular charge-transfer transitions do not appear to be the important sources of the intensity to the phosphorescence of nitronaphthalenes.
Applying Critical Consciousness: Culturally Competent Disaster Response Outcomes

The authors explored the use of critical consciousness as a training tool to provide effective, culturally competent disaster response counseling services to disaster-affected communities. The results are presented of a qualitative study evaluating the outcomes for participants in a disaster response outreach project serving residents of post-Katrina New Orleans. Participants demonstrated increased personal and cultural awareness and also constructed new knowledge related to counseling outreach competencies.
Women's views of the preterm labor experience.

This study used a naturalistic approach to describe the childbearing woman's views of her preterm labor and delivery experience. Specifically, the aim was to identify how women describe, interpret,...
A 7Gb/s SC-FDE/OFDM MMSE equalizer for 60GHz wireless communications

This paper presents a SC-FDE/OFDM MMSE equalizer for 60GHz wireless communications in 65nm CMOS process. By applying a 4-parallel signal processing architecture, the 512pt FFT/IFFT processor, the Golay channel estimator, and the MMSE equalizer are all clocked at 1/4 input symbol sampling rate. Occupying a core area of 1.12mm2, the symbol sampling rate at 1V supply is 1.46GS/s. With 16QAM modulation, its throughput is 5.84Gb/s while consuming 124mW in the SC-FDE mode and 88mW in the OFDM mode. With a 1.2V supply, it achieves a symbol sampling rate of 1.76GS/s with a 7Gb/s throughput while consuming 208mW in the SC-FDE mode and 148mW in the OFDM mode.
PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS AND MULTILATERAL TARIFF COOPERATION

Are preferential trade agreements (PTAs) building or stumbling blocks for multilateral trade liberalization? I address this question in an infinitely repeated tariff game between three countries engaged in intraindustry trade under oligopoly. The central result is that when countries are symmetric, a free trade agreement (FTA) undermines multilateral tariff cooperation by adversely affecting the cooperation incentive of the nonmember whereas a customs union (CU) does so via its effect on the cooperation incentives of members. However, when countries are asymmetric with respect to either market size or cost, there exist circumstances where PTAs facilitate multilateral tariff cooperation.
Subpicogram analysis of sweat proteins using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

Sweat collected from six normal volunteers was analyzed to determine if reproducible protein patterns could be obtained using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of 125I-labeled sweat proteins. This method has the capability of easily detecting picogram quantities of protein. Once the methods of collection of the sweat had been standardized, reproducible patterns were obtained from these volunteers. Over 100 discrete spots were revealed by a combination of fluorography and rare earth screen radioautography of dried two-dimensional gels. This method will allow analysis of sweat for qualitative and quantitative variations in protein content in pathologic conditions such as cystic fibrosis, renal failure, and diabetes.
Exploiting spatial degrees of freedom in MIMO cognitive radio systems

We propose a learning technique for MIMO secondary users (SU) to spatially coexist with Primary Users (PU). By learning the null space of the interference channel to the PU, the SU can utilize idle degrees of freedom that otherwise would be unused by the PU. This learning process does not require any handshake or explicit information exchange between the PU and the SU. The only requirement is that the PU broadcasts a periodic beacon that is a function of its noise plus interference power, through a low rate control channel. The learning process is based on energy measurements, independent of the transmission schemes of both the PU and SU, i.e. independent of their modulation, coding etc. The proposed learning technique also provides a novel spatial division multiple access mechanism for equal-priority MIMO users sharing a common channel that highly increases the spectrum utilization compared to time-or frequency-base multiple access.
Complete finite semidirect products and wreath products

A complete group is one with a trivial center and with all automorphisms inner. This paper uses group cohomology to give a sufficient condition for a finite semidirect product \({G = N \rtimes H}\) with CG(N) ≤ N to be complete and proves a partial converse. These results are enough to fully characterize complete finite permutational wreath products and to specialize that characterization in the case of finite standard wreath products.
Toward a universal microarray: prediction of gene expression through nearest-neighbor probe sequence identification

A generic DNA microarray design applicable to any species would greatly benefit comparative genomics. We have addressed the feasibility of such a design by leveraging the great feature densities and relatively unbiased nature of genomic tiling microarrays. Specifically, we first divided each Homo sapiens Refseq-derived gene's spliced nucleotide sequence into all of its possible contiguous 25 nt subsequences. For each of these 25 nt subsequences, we searched a recent human transcript mapping experiment's probe design for the 25 nt probe sequence having the fewest mismatches with the subsequence, but that did not match the subsequence exactly. Signal intensities measured with each gene's nearest-neighbor features were subsequently averaged to predict their gene expression levels in each of the experiment's thirty-three hybridizations. We examined the fidelity of this approach in terms of both sensitivity and specificity for detecting actively transcribed genes, for transcriptional consistency between exons of the same gene, and for reproducibility between tiling array designs. Taken together, our results provide proof-of-principle for probing nucleic acid targets with off-target, nearest-neighbor features.
Arnold Pavlik (1902-62): an autobiography

Professor Arnold Pavlik, a Czech orthopaedic surgeon, became famous mainly for the development of a functional, active method of treating developmental dysplasia of the hip, in his time called congenital dislocation of the hip. A translation is presented of the autobiography Pavlik prepared to achieve his doctorate in medical sciences, but which his early death in February 1962 denied him.
Secreted forms of DELTA and SERRATE define antagonists of Notch signaling in Drosophila

We examined the function of secreted forms of the two known Drosophila Notch ligands, DELTA and SERRATE, by expressing them under various promoters in the Drosophila developing eye and wing. The phenotypes associated with the expression of secreted Delta (DlS) or secreted Serrate (SerS) forms mimic loss-of-function mutations in the Notch pathway. Both genetic interactions between DlS or SerS transgenics and duplications or loss-of-function mutations of Delta or Serrate indicate that DlS and SerS behave as dominant negative mutations. These observations were extended to the molecular level by demonstrating that the expression of Enhancer of split mdelta, a target of Notch signaling, is down-regulated by SERS. The antagonistic nature of the two mutant secreted ligand forms in the eye is consistent with their behavior in the wing, where they are capable of down-regulating wing margin specific genes opposite to the effects of the endogenous ligands. This analysis uncovers secreted molecular antagonists of Notch signaling and provides evidence of qualitative differences in the actions of the two ligands DLS and SERS.
Nitrogen Retention and Nutrient Digestibility in Geldings Fed Grass Hay, Alfalfa Hay, or Alfalfa Cubes

Abstract This study was conducted to determine whether feeding different physical forms of hay alters nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention (NR). Six Quarter Horse geldings were assigned to any one of three different dietary treatments in three 14-day periods. The diets included long-stem Bermuda grass hay (G), long-stem alfalfa hay (A), and alfalfa cubes (C). In the final 4 days of each period, horses were fitted with harnesses for total collection of urine and feces. Samples of feed, orts, feces, and urine were analyzed for dry matter, organic matter, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nitrogen (N). Digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and N was greatest for A, intermediate for C, and smallest for G (P
Efficacy of Learning Strategies Instruction in Adult Basic Education

Results from randomized controlled trials of learning strategies instruction with 375 adult basic education (AE) participants are reported. Reading outcomes from whole group strategic instruction in one of four learning strategies were compared to outcomes of reading instruction delivered in the context of typical adult education units on social studies, history, and science. Both experimental and control conditions experienced high attrition and low attendance, resulting in only 105 control and 100 experimental participants’ data in outcome analyses for the trials of the four learning strategies. Reading outcomes for these completers were not significantly different between experimental and control conditions, and each group achieved minimal gains. We discuss possible reasons for the non-significant effect from the intervention, including insufficient instructional dosage.
Pazopanib: a multikinase inhibitor with activity in advanced renal cell carcinoma

Treatment options for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have changed dramatically, and a new paradigm has evolved. IFN-α and IL-2 were previously mainstays of therapy, but since December 2005, six new agents have been approved in the USA for the treatment of advanced RCC. Three of these new agents are multitargeted kinase inhibitors, including sunitinib, sorafenib, and recently pazopanib, two target the mTOR (temsirolimus and everolimus), and one is a humanized monoclonal antibody (bevacizumab in combination with IFN-α) that targets VEGF. Sunitinib has emerged as the standard of care for treatment-naive RCC patients, with the recently approved bevacizumab and IFN-α combination providing an additional option for this population. The recent approval of pazopanib, based on the results from sequential Phase II and III clinical trials demonstrating improved overall response rates and progression-free survival, provides yet another option for front-line therapy. The current article examines th...
A “YOUNG TURK” ISLAMIC INTELLECTUAL: FILIBELI AHMED HILMI AND THE DIVERSE INTELLECTUAL LEGACIES OF THE LATE OTTOMAN EMPIRE

Among the late Ottoman thinkers and writers who laid the foundations of intellectual life in modern Turkey, Filibeli Ahmed Hilmi (1865–1914) is a prominent figure. His intellectual legacy survived the destruction of the Ottoman Empire and the founding of the Republic of Turkey. Virtually all his books have been republished in recent years in simplified modern Turkish versions accessible to present-day readers, and some have also been the subject of academic studies. His oeuvre includes dozens of historical, philosophical, theological, and political works, as well as novels, poems, satirical pieces, and plays. All were produced in a six-year period, between the Young Turk Revolution of 1908 and his death by poisoning in 1914. The overtly modernist underpinnings of his works on the one hand, and his Sufi piety and firm rejection of materialism and positivism on the other, have earned him recognition as an early exponent of a modernist, nonliteralist Islamic agenda of a kind that has been conspicuous in a variety of Turkish-Islamic movements in recent decades. His untimely death, later attributed to a Freemason–Zionist conspiracy, added further to his mystique in some Islamic circles. Modernist yet deeply devout, Islamist yet uninterested in scripturalist paths of religious revival, Ahmed Hilmi stands out as a representative of an important intellectual trend that has often been overlooked in studies of the late Ottoman period.
Idiopathic generalized myokymia

Idiopathic generalized myokymia (IGM) is a rare, heterogeneous, and poorly understood syndrome. We present analysis of 75 reported cases in the world literature. IGM affects men and women equally, with a mean age of onset 29 +/- 19 years. Patients' common presenting complaints are stiffness (60%), cramps (12%), weakness (12%), and muscle twitching (4%). Family history is positive in 30%. In addition to generalized clinical myokymia (92%), abnormal neurologic findings include: hyporeflexia (70%), weakness (45%), grip myotonia (39%), and calf hypertrophy (16%). Electrical activity consisting of spontaneous continuous motor unit activity and/or electrical myokymia was documented in all patients. When electrical myokymia was observed (66%), the grouped discharges where irregular and had an interburst frequency of 2-300 Hz. Both phenytoin and carbamazepine are effective treatments. We conclude that IGM has a wide spectrum of symptoms and severity and should be considered in all patients that present with stiffness, cramps, or muscle twitching. EMG greatly aids in diagnosis.
Treatment of central retinal vein occlusion with triamcinolone acetonide: an optical coherence tomography study

Central retinal vein occlusion is one of the most common retinal vascular disorders. Many patients have decreased visual acuity as a result of macular edema. We report a retrospective review of 8 patients at the University of Wisconsin with macular edema from CRVO who were treated with an intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to help assess the effect of this intervention. Mean baseline visual acuity was 20/500. Mean visual acuity at the 3-month follow up was 20/220. The average gain in visual acuity was 3.3 lines (range -1 to +10). Four of 8 patients experienced a visual acuity gain of 2 or more lines at the 3-month follow up. Four of 8 patients were unchanged (within 2 lines of baseline) at the 3-month follow up. No patient had a decrease in visual acuity (2 or more line decrease from baseline). Seven of 8 patients had complete resolution of macular edema on clinical examination at the 3-month follow up. No adverse effects such as cataract, glaucoma, retinal detachment or endophthalmitis were noted. We conclude that intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide may be a safe and effective treatment in some patients with macular edema due to CRVO. Optical coherence tomography demonstrated significant anatomic improvement in the majority of patients with macular edema due to CRVO treated with intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide.
EPO-KB

Summary: The knowledge base EPO-KB (Empirical Proteomic Ontology Knowledge Base) is based on an OWL ontology that represents current knowledge linking mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios to proteins on multiple platforms including Matrix Assisted Laser/Desorption Ionization (MALDI) and Surface Enhanced Laser/Desorption Ionization (SELDI) – Time of Flight (TOF). At present, it contains information on m/z ratio to protein links that were extracted from 120 published research papers. It has a web interface that allows researchers to query and retrieve putative proteins that correspond to a user-specified m/z ratio. EPO-KB also allows automated entry of additional m/z ratio to protein links and is expandable to the addition of gene to protein and protein to disease links. Availability: http://www.dbmi.pitt.edu/EPO-KB Contact: [email protected]
Precise Microearthquake Locations and Fluid Flow in the Geothermal Reservoir at Soultz-sous-Forêts, France

I relocated two microearthquake clusters induced by hydraulic stimulation of a hot-dry-rock geothermal reservoir in the Rhine Graben near Soultz-sous-Forets, France. The two clusters were chosen from a collection of clusters identified within a 16,000-event data set obtained in 1993. I determined P - and S -wave arrival times, manually, choosing distinctive peaks if waveforms were similar at a given station, or first breaks if waveforms were emergent or nodal, judging weights accordingly. Requiring a minimum of five arrival times yielded populous clusters of 226 and 355 events. In both cases, relocation revealed two distinct planar patches of activity, 100 to 200 m across, intersecting and truncating one another along a common edge. Linear segments traverse the planar patches and may mark intersections with seismically inactive fractures. The earliest activity occurred along these segments. These segments may therefore mark permeable zones that could be important components of the fluid-flow network. The interpretation of linear segments as flow paths is supported by path dimension constraints derived from fluid-flow modeling studies and by the expected confining effects of hydrothermal sealing found in cored fractures. Orientations of the planar features are verified through consistency with orientations found in core and logging studies. In addition, focal mechanisms obtained by constraining slip planes parallel to active planes indicate normal to right-lateral strike slip, consistent with the measured stress field. Focal mechanisms indicate mass deficits at inside corners, implying that the concentrations of activity at fracture intersections may result from slip on one fracture causing extension and a resulting permeability increase in the other. The improved location precision results from a ten-fold improvement in the precision of arrival-time estimation for phases that were similar, as estimated from the standard deviation of residuals, grouped by station and phase, before and after repicking. Only a two-fold improvement was noted for poorly correlated or nodal phases. For this data set, the manual phase picking yielded more interpretable detail in the location patterns, compared to results of an automatic, cross-correlation technique. The manual results could be used to guide improvements to automatic techniques to obtain precise locations of the entire data set.
A Contract Termination Processing Model and System for Naval Supply Demand Review (SDR) Actions

This paper presents a microcomputer-based contract termination processing model developed for the U.S. Naval Supply Systems Command (NAVSUP). The model, implemented as a microcomputer program, serves as an Expert Advisory/advanced Decision Support System for processing contracts recommended as termination candidates by the Supply Demand Review (SDR) component. The system employs a benefit-cost model approach to evaluate potential supply contract termination actions. It replicates expert decision behavior typical of competent contract administrators in this focused area of performance. Additional features are provided for documentation of the evaluation, processing, collection of data for subsequent analysis, and merging and reporting collective statistics from operational use. The computer model and program, known as TERMINATOR, were developed and implemented in a relatively short period of time and currently have wide operational use.
Solvability of Nonlinear Operator Equations with Applications to Hyperbolic Equations

Consider nonlinear equations of the form $${\text{Au}} - {\text{F}}\left( {{\text{x,}}\,{\text{u}}} \right) = {\text{f}}\left( {\text{x}} \right),\,{\text{x}} \in {\text{Q}}$$ (1) in H = L2(Q,ℝm), where Q is a bounded domain in ℝn, f ∈ H is given, F: Q × ℝm → ℝm is a Caratheodory function and A : D(A) ⊂ H → H is a selfadjoint map with possibly ∞-dimensional null space.
Subnanometer Control of Mean Core Size during Mesofluidic Synthesis of Small (Dcore < 10 nm) Water-Soluble, Ligand-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles

A convenient, single-step synthesis is reported that produces ligand-stabilized, water-soluble gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with subnanometer-level precision of the mean core diameter over a range of 2–9 nm for a series of desired surface chemistries. The synthesis involves the reduction of a Au(III) species with sodium borohydride in the presence of a functionalized alkyl thiosulfate (Bunte salt) to yield thiolate-protected AuNPs. A key advantage of this synthesis is that simply adjusting the pH of the gold salt solution leads to control over the AuNP core size. The speciation of Au(III), and therefore the kinetics for its reduction and the core size produced, depends upon pH. The use of pH as the sole variable to control core size is a more reliable and convenient method than traditional approaches that rely on adjusting the concentrations and ratios of ligand, metal salt, and reducing agent. The average core size increased as the pH was raised for each ligand studied. Because the influence of pH was diff...
Abstract W P292: Variable Frequencies, Outcomes and Costs Argue for Separate Tracking of Ischemic Strokes (ISs), Subarachnoid Hemorrhages (SAHs) and Other Hemorrhagic Strokes (OHSs)

Introduction: While cause and treatment vary for ISs, SAHs and OHSs, their results are often combined in reported statistics. Hypothesis: ISs, SAHs and OHSs differ in frequency and outcomes. Methods: ICD-9-CM principal discharge (D/C) diagnosis codes of 430 (SAH), 431-432 (OHS) and 433-434 (IS) were used to obtain US nationwide estimates of stroke frequency and outcomes for 2006-2012 from HCUPnet, the on-line query system of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). HCUP's sampling frame captured ~90% of D/Cs from non-Federal acute care hospitals for 2006, and >95% of such D/Cs as of 2012. Data came from HCUP's Nationwide Inpatient Sample, which captures 100% of D/Cs from a stratified sample of 20% of HCUP hospitals. Results: There were 2,005 cases (2.7/100,000) seen in 0-17 year-olds (YOs) in both 2006 and 2012. While 33.9 vs 34.2% were ISs, 19.5 vs 17.0% were SAHs, and 46.6 vs 48.9% were OHSs. Analyses focused on 18+ YOs estimated that there were 653,429 such cases (290.1/100,000) in 2006. Among ISs (82.0% of cases), 4.4% died as inpatients, 49.3% were routine D/Cs and the rest (46.3%) were D/Cd to other care settings. Mean length of stay (MLOS) was 4.8 days. Mean hospital costs (not charges) were $10,059/case (in 2012 US $). Among SAHs (4.1%), inpatient mortality was 23.1% and 35.2% were routine D/Cs. MLOS was 12.3 days. Mean costs were $41,941. Among OHSs (13.9%), 24.3% died as inpatients and 24.3% were routine D/Cs. MLOS was 7.8 days. Mean costs were $17,456. Some 680,980 adult cases (283.5/100,000) were seen in 2012. Among ISs (82.5%), 3.7% died as inpatients; 45.7% were routine D/Cs. MLOS was 4.5 days. Mean costs were $11,651. Among SAHs (3.6 %), mortality was 19.6%; 37.2% were routine D/Cs. MLOS was 11.7 days. Mean costs were $50,372. Among OHSs (13.9 %), mortality was 21.7%; 23.3% were routine D/Cs. MLOS was 7.4 days. Mean costs were $19,871. Discussion: While pediatric and adult stroke D/C rates were stable from 2006-12, they were much more common in adults. Subtype distributions differed. Adult inpatient mortality fell while LOS varied. Overall adult inflation-adjusted acute care hospital costs rose from $8 to 10 trillion/ year. Lower rates, worse outcomes and higher resource use seen in SAHs and OHSs relative to ISs argue for separate tracking of subtype results.
Static Nonlinear Aeroelastic Analysis of a Blended Wing Body

*† ‡ § ** †† A high -fidelity computational process is applied to assess the contributions of aerodynamic nonlin earities to the airloads sustained by a blended -wing configuration with different static aeroelastic deflections . The effects of nonlinearities are inferred through comparison of the computational results with those predicted by a widely accepted linear aeroelastic procedure. Structural deflections prescribed in the nonlinear analysis are those obtained from the linear methodology, a step taken in prelude to developing a production quality, high -fidelity aeroelastic methodology that has the added benefit of ensuring the consistency of the geometrical changes. Of specific interest is the ability of the current process to re -generate rapidly grids for aerodynamic analysis in response to structural deflections.
A Reply to Boër

In Steven E. Boer's criticism (Mind, this number, pp. 263-267 of my paper ' "Exists"'; Mind, 82 (1973), 56-72), there are two claims which he makes against me which are important, it seems to me. One is the claim that I confuse 'providing truth conditions . .. for a sentence' and 'providing a translation .. . of a sentence' (Boer, p. 265). The other is the claim that the notion of a 'language game' cannot be used to successfully explicate what I mean by saying that a name has no use in a language (Boer, p. 265). Boer draws his support for the first claim from two things I say. One is an acceptance by me of what is called the 'substitution interpretation of the quantifiers' (or 'SIQ'). I did not defend this interpretation in my original paper, and I will not do it here. It has survived a great deal of logical enquiry by such philosopher-logicians as Marcus, Dunn and Belnap, and Boer's unhappiness with it seems to me to be the result of a confusion over the nature of the artificial 'languages' of symbolic logic. He speaks of what '(3x)N(x>7)' means, as if it were a piece of ordinary English, and he were citing its uses. I may not be able to say 'It's hot in here' and mean 'It's cold in here' as Wittgenstein reminds us, but I can write '(3x)N(x>7)' and mean whatever I wish, as long as it is consistent with my rules of inference, interpretation, and syntax. Thus I do unite the two undertakings Boer mentions in the case of SIQ, but I do not think it is a confusion. It would be a confusion if inconsistency resulted, but it has been proven that the predicate calculus with SIQ is consistent. The other claim I make that leads Boer to his conclusion about my 'confusion' is the central theme of my paper which he quotes at the beginning of his criticism. I did not claim, and I deny now, that Boer's (i) is equivalent to his (7), that is, I think his (25) is false. After all since (A) 'Santa Claus' denotes Santa Claus, it follows that (B) it denotes something; so substituting 'Santa Claus' for 'a' in (25), the left side is false, and the right side is true. Therefore (25) is false. If Boer thinks (A) is false (I consider it to be analytic), we obviously have different notions about 'denotation', and if he accepts (A), but says (B) is false, then he cannot justify the inference from his (26) to (27). The difference between us concerning 'denotation' seems to be that I take it as an intensional property and as introducing an opaque context, whereas Boer does not. (He quantifies into the context in (6), for example.) But I did not speak of 'denotation' in my paper, and will not attempt an explication of the concept now. The problem concerning my use of 'language game' is more subtle and I can only point to the way I would like to go. First of all, Boer's claim that the difference (the only one?) between
Phytoplankton around Elephant Island, Antarctica

Phytoplankton studies were conducted in a 4·104 km2 grid around Elephant Island, Antarctica, during January–March 1991. In addition to profiling studies at 50 stations during each of two cruises, pumped surface water was used to continuously record in vivo chlorophyll-a (chl-a) fluorescence and beam attenuation coefficients (ct). Measurements on discrete samples included chl-a, phytoplankton organic carbon (Ac), and total particulate organic carbon (POC). Equations were developed which permitted contour-mapping of chl-a and POC throughout the entire grid based on continuous measurements of in vivo chl-a fluorescence and ct values. Phytoplankton abundance increased from January–February (cruise I) to February–March (cruise II) as evidenced by mean surface chl-a values (0.8 and 1.34 μg l−1, respectively) and mean Ac values for the upper 20 m of the water column (21.3 and 39.8 μg Cl−1, respectively). Microplankton accounted for 29% (cruise I) and 40% (cruise II) of the total phytoplankton, based on direct measurements of chl-a. Patterns for integrated values of chl-a, Ac and POC were similar to patterns of concentrations in surface waters. The richest areas of phytoplankton were north of Elephant and King George Islands, which coincided with high krill density areas.
Membrane and firing properties of avian medial vestibular nucleus neurons in vitro

The intrinsic membrane and firing properties of medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) neurons were investigated in slices of the chick brainstem using intracellular recording and current injection. Avian MVN neurons fired spontaneous action potentials with very regular interspike intervals. The rapid repolarization of all action potentials was followed by an after-hyperpolarization. Intracellular injection of steps of hyperpolarizing current revealed both an inward rectification of the membrane potential during the step and a rebound depolarization following the offset of the step. In some neurons, the rebound depolarization resulted in bursts of action potentials. Steps of depolarizing current applied to spontaneously active neurons evoked increases in firing rate that were higher at the onset of the step than during the steady-state response. The relationship between current and firing rate was linear. The membrane and firing properties of avian MVN neurons were distributed continuously across the population of recorded neurons. These properties appear identical to those of rodent MVN neurons, suggesting that the composition and distribution of ion channels in the MVN neuronal membrane has been highly conserved across vertebrate species.
High-Energy Diode-Pumped Solid-State Laser (DPSSL) for High-Repetition-Rate Petawatt Laser Systems

Initial performance ramping of the HAPLS pump laser, a high-energy DPSSL based on Nd:glass, produced 70J at 1053nm from a single aperture and 39J at 527nm using LBO frequency converter all at 3.3Hz repetition rate.
BERNARDO BERTOLUCCI E LE “SUE” DONNE: LA LUNA

Ho fatto per la prima volta un personaggio femminile, cosa per me molto difficile, e un punto di forza poteva essere quello di darle un retroterra in cui io potessi trovare una certa identificazione, di offrirle, in un certo senso, la mia memoria.
Hydrogen Bonding Slows Down Surface Diffusion of Molecular Glasses.

Surface-grating decay has been measured for three organic glasses with extensive hydrogen bonding: sorbitol, maltitol, and maltose. For 1000 nm wavelength gratings, the decay occurs by viscous flow in the entire range of temperature studied, covering the viscosity range 105–1011 Pa s, whereas under the same conditions, the decay mechanism transitions from viscous flow to surface diffusion for organic glasses of similar molecular sizes but with no or limited hydrogen bonding. These results indicate that extensive hydrogen bonding slows down surface diffusion in organic glasses. This effect arises because molecules can preserve hydrogen bonding even near the surface so that the loss of nearest neighbors does not translate into a proportional decrease of the kinetic barrier for diffusion. This explanation is consistent with a strong correlation between liquid fragility and the surface enhancement of diffusion, both reporting resistance of a liquid to dynamic excitation. Slow surface diffusion is expected to ...