cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Values of 64-slice Spiral CT MPR in Examination of Paranasal Sinus

Objective To study the value of 64-row detectors helical CT multiple planar construction(MPR) in examination of paranasal sinuses. Methods 86 patients were examined by 64 multi-slice spiral CT with axial transection scanning for paranasal sinus .Coronal and sagittalis images were reconstructed by MPR. Results 62 maxillary sinusitis, 48 ethmoiditis,17 sphenoiditis and 7 frontal sinusitis were detected by MPR.All reconstruction-images have the clear paranasal sinus structures.The anatomic variations included 39 deviation of nasal septum,28 paradoxical curvature of the middle turbinate ,11 pneumatized middle turbinate , 16 uncinate hyperplasia ,9 deviation of uncinate, 5 pneumatized uncinate ,15 large ethmoidal bulla and 9 Haller cell. Conclusion The reformatted images of 64-slice spiral CT MPR have higher value in examination of paranasal sinuses. The clinical needs could be satisfied with the quality of reconstructed coronal images.
Clinical Study of Ultrasound-guided Mammotome Minimal Invasive System in Treatment of Breast Lumps

Objective To evaluate the application value of ultrasound-guided Mammotome minimal invasive system in treatment of masses of breasts. Methods From September 2008 to March 2011,556 patients in observation group were performed by ultrasound guided Mammotome minimally invasive biopsy system,and 126 patients in control group underwent traditional open operation. Results All of breast lumps were resected completely.The operating duration,coalesced time after operation and the size of the postoperative scar in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group(P0.05 or P0.01).There was no discomfort after operation in the observation group,but postoperative pain and numbness scleroma were common in the control group.There was no difference in the postoperation complication of the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion The ultrasound-guided Mammotome minimal invasive system is safe and feasible with shorter operation time,quick postoperative recover,minimally invasive and aesthetic effect in multiple benign breast lumps.
Culture within and culture about crime: The case of the “Rodney King Riots”

Does cultural criminology have a distinct intellectual mission? How might it be defined? I suggest analyzing three levels of social interaction. At the first level, the culture of crime used by tho...
Differential precipitation of proteins. Science and technology.

The selective precipitation of a given protein from a mixture of proteins is a function of those unique physicochemical properties that differentiate it from the other proteins in the mixture. Euglobulins are those proteins insoluble in water but soluble in salt solutions. Maximum insolubility in water occurs at the isoelectric point of the protein. A number of water-soluble uncharged polymers of varying molecular weights have been used for the precipitation of proteins. Alcohols, acetone, ether, and other water-miscible organic reagents have been used by analytical chemists to precipitate proteins since the early part of the last century. Protamines, a group of highly basic proteins rich in arginine, have been used to precipitate selectively fibrinogen from plasma. A number of studies of the nucleation process during protein precipitation and crystallization have been reported in the literature. Aging a protein precipitate by gentle agitation for an extended period of time improves its physicochemical characteristics with regard to liquid/solids separations.
Abstract 526: Identification of novel cancer immunotherapy targets using Sleeping Beauty mutagenesis

Immune checkpoint blockade antibodies (eg. anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1) enhance T cell anti-tumor activity and have produced exciting and durable results in treatment of a number of cancers including melanoma. Unfortunately, response to first generation checkpoint blockade therapy is limited to a subset of patients. A more comprehensive understanding of the genes and molecules involved in T cell checkpoint control and other aspects of anti-tumor T cell activity may allow a wider patient population to benefit from this exciting and new approach to cancer therapy. To this end, we performed a forward genetic screen to identify gene pathways that influence intratumoral T cell infiltration using Sleeping Beauty (SB) mutagenesis. More specifically, this genetic T cell screen was designed to identify additional genes and molecules responsible for selection and expansion of intratumoral T cells via a variety of T cell processes including T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated activation, clonal expansion of tumor-specific T cells, T cell trafficking into the tumor, and maintenance of prolonged viability once there. Advantages of using SB in a genetic screen include the ability to cause both gain- and loss-of-function mutations, as well as mutagenesis of the entire genome followed by easy identification of insertion sites. In addition, SB screens are performed in vivo, and thus preserve the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. We generated a pilot cohort of mice (n = 12) with SB-mutagenized endogenous T cells. These mice were challenged with syngeneic B16F0 melanoma cells subcutaneously. After tumor development (21 days after tumor challenge), tumor-infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were harvested. Splenic T cells representing unselected CD4+ and CD8+ populations were also isolated from the same animals at time of tumor harvest. Harvested T cells were evaluated by high throughput sequencing to identify SB insertion sites. T cells harvested from tumors demonstrated a decrease in clonal insertion sites compared to splenic T cells suggesting intratumoral clonal selection. Moreover, clonal insertions in intratumoral T cells were significantly enriched in or near genes, signifying likely selection for insertions impacting gene function (p We conclude T cell specific SB mutagenesis has the potential to identify novel molecules that influence intratumoral T cell infiltration and can be used to identify additional genes that may contribute to the anti-tumor T cell response. Citation Format: Laura M. Rogers, Adam J. Dupuy, George J. Weiner. Identification of novel cancer immunotherapy targets using Sleeping Beauty mutagenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 526.
Extracellular matrix proteomics in schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease

Brain extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly organized system that consists of collagens, noncollagenous proteins, glycoproteins, hyaluronan, and proteoglycans. Recognized physiological roles of ECM include developmental regulation, tissue homeostasis, cell migration, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, neuronal plasticity, and neurite outgrowth. Aberrant ECM structure is associated with brain neurodegenerative conditions. This review focuses on two neurodegenerative conditions, schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease, and summarizes recent findings of altered ECM components, including proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, proteins, and glycoproteins, and proteins and genes related to other brain components. The scope includes immunohistochemical, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and glycomics studies, and a critical assessment of current state of proteomic studies for neurodegenerative disorders. The intent is to summarize the ECM molecular alterations associated with neurodegenerative pathophysiology.
First-principles study for low-spin LaCoO 3 with a structurally consistent Hubbard U

In this paper, we use the local density $\text{approximation}+\text{Hubbard}$ $U$ method to calculate the structural and electronic properties of low-spin ${\text{LaCoO}}_{3}$. The Hubbard $U$ is obtained by first principles and consistent with each fully optimized atomic structure at different pressures. With structurally consistent $U$, the fully optimized atomic structure agrees with experimental data better than the calculations with fixed or vanishing $U$. A discussion on how the Hubbard $U$ affects the electronic and atomic structures of ${\text{LaCoO}}_{3}$ is also given.
Sales Manager Influence Of New Product Adoption By Their Salesforce: A Theoretical Perspective

New product introductions are an important part of the success of many organizations, and they often hinge on the perceptions of the sales force. In turn, much of sales person perceptions are derived from managerial guidance and input. Although the extant literature has investigated some of the antecedents to the adoption of new products by salespeople, very little attention has been paid to the impact of the sales manager over this process. Using elements of social information processing, this paper explores how sales managers can exert influence over new product adoption by their salespeople.
Dirty Laundry: Drug Formulary Exclusions.

The image, “Dirty Laundry: Drug Formulary Exclusions,” calls attention to how drug formularies undermine physicians’ and patients’ medical decision making.
Synthesis of a Bifunctional Peptide Inhibitor–IgG1 Fc Fusion That Suppresses Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that is estimated to affect over 2.3 million people worldwide. The exact cause for this disease is unknown but involves immune system attack and destruction of the myelin protein surrounding the neurons in the central nervous system. One promising class of compounds that selectively prevent the activation of immune cells involved in the pathway leading to myelin destruction are bifunctional peptide inhibitors (BPIs). Treatment with BPIs reduces neurodegenerative symptoms in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. In this work, as an effort to further improve the bioactivity of BPIs, BPI peptides were conjugated to the N- and C-termini of the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of the human IgG1 antibody. Initially, the two peptides were conjugated to IgG1 Fc using recombinant DNA technology. However, expression in yeast resulted in low yields and one of the peptides being heavily proteolyzed. To circumvent this problem, t...
And yet, it moves: nuclear and chromatin dynamics of a heterochromatic double-strand break.

Heterochromatin is mostly composed of repeated DNA sequences prone to aberrant recombination. How cells maintain the stability of these sequences during double-strand break (DSB) repair has been a ...
Mini-open Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis Using a Suture Anchor

The long head of the biceps (LHB) tendon is a potential source of shoulder pain encountered by orthopaedic surgeons. A multitude of approaches to addressing LHB tendinopathy have been described. These include various surgical techniques such as tenodesis versus tenotomy, an arthroscopic versus an open approach, and differing methods of tenodesis fixation. Our preferred approach to addressing LHB tendinopathy is through a mini-open approach using a double-loaded 4.5-mm suture anchor. This Technical Note with accompanying video describes our technique for performing this procedure, as well as supporting clinical evidence and technical pearls.
Data Protection in OpenStack

As cloud computing becomes increasingly pervasive, it is critical for cloud providers to support basic security controls. Although major cloud providers tout such features, relatively little is known in many cases about their design and implementation. In this paper, we describe several security features in OpenStack, a widely-used, open source cloud computing platform. Our contributions to OpenStack range from key management and storage encryption to guaranteeing the integrity of virtual machine (VM) images prior to boot. We describe the design and implementation of these features in detail and provide a security analysis that enumerates the threats that each mitigates. Our performance evaluation shows that these security features have an acceptable cost—in some cases, within the measurement error observed in an operational cloud deployment. Finally, we highlight lessons learned from our real-world development experiences from contributing these features to OpenStack as a way to encourage others to transition their research into practice.
Calcification in Caribbean reef-building corals at high pCO2 levels in a recirculating ocean acidification exposure system.

Abstract Projected increases in ocean pCO2 levels are anticipated to affect calcifying organisms more rapidly and to a greater extent than other marine organisms. The effects of ocean acidification (OA) have been documented in numerous species of corals in laboratory studies, largely tested using flow-through exposure systems. We developed a recirculating ocean acidification exposure system that allows precise pCO2 control using a combination of off-gassing measures including aeration, water retention devices, venturi injectors, and CO2 scrubbing. We evaluated the recirculating system performance in off-gassing effectiveness and maintenance of target pCO2 levels over an 84-day experiment. The system was used to identify changes in calcification and tissue growth in response to elevated pCO2 (1000 μatm) in three reef-building corals of the Caribbean: Pseudodiploria clivosa, Montastraea cavernosa, and Orbicella faveolata. All three species displayed an overall increase in net calcification over the 84-day exposure period regardless of pCO2 level (control + 0.28–1.12 g, elevated pCO2 + 0.18–1.16 g), and the system was effective at both off-gassing acidified water to ambient pCO2 levels, and maintaining target elevated pCO2 levels over the 3-month experiment.
Plant Processes and Responses to Stress

All three photosynthetic pathways (C3, C4, and CAM) occur among North American desert plants. C3 photosynthesis is the most common type and predominates among winter-active taxa (Table 4). The C4 pathway is most often found in summer ephemerals, short-lived summer active perennials, and halophytic shrubs. Its predominance in hot and/or saline desert environments supports the purported advantages of the C4 pathway: (1) high photosynthetic temperature optima; (2) high light-saturation points; and (3) high water-use efficiencies (WUEs) (Ehleringer and Monson 1993). Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is abundant in leaf- and stem-succulents of the warm deserts (see Chap. 5), but CAM plants are rare in the cold deserts. The overall distribution of CAM plants in North America is highly correlated with aridity (Teeri et al. 1978). This pattern reflects the high photosynthetic WUEs that are possible with nocturnal stomatal opening and CO2 assimilation of CAM plants.
"Do ask, do provide" contraception for women in the u.s. Military.

Studies have shown high rates of unintended pregnancy as well as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among active-duty US military personnel and recruits. The disparity of rates of unintended pregnancies is greatest for younger nonwhite less educated and married or cohabitating military women. These trends are especially concerning considering the restrictions on deployment for pregnant women the difficulty of parenting for active-duty personnel and the barriers that women in the military face in obtaining abortions owing to the federal ban on abortion funding (except in the cases of rape incest or when the pregnancy threatens the life of the mother). The author emphasizes that there is a moral obligation and a social imperative to help military personnel protect their health and well-being by arming them with the tools to avoid unintended pregnancy and other poor reproductive health outcomes. In addition health care providers should not assume that women who leave for duty will not be sexually active and there is no excuse for not making effective contraceptives readily available to them.
Social Skills Training

Social dysfunction has been recognized as a key feature of schizophrenia since the disorder was first described. Deterioration of social relations is among the current defining diagnostic criteria specified in DSM-III-R (American Psychiatric Association, 1987), and social isolation or withdrawal and marked impairment in major role functioning are listed as predominant prodromal and residual symptoms. Although psychotic symptomatology may be the most salient and disturbing feature of schizophrenia, the importance of interpersonal dysfunction cannot be overemphasized. Evidence from several large-scale investigations indicates that poor premorbid functioning, especially in the area of social relationships, is prognostic of poor long-term outcome (Strauss, Klorman, & Kokes, 1977; Zigler & Phillips, 1961, 1962). Even when gross psychotic symptoms are pharmacologically controlled or in remission, schizophrenics can be expected to have marked difficulties in social interactions (Serban, 1975; Strauss, Carpenter, & Bartko, 1974). Because of these difficulties, schizophrenics frequently fail to become integrated into a natural social network that can assist them in coping with social demands and other life Stressors (Gleser & Gottschalk, 1967; Marcella & Snyder, 1981; McClelland & Walt, 1968). Often, the schizophrenic’s family is the only network to which he or she belongs. However, the interactional pattern of families of schizophrenics is frequently deviant and may provide additional stress, which the patient lacks the appropriate interpersonal skills to resolve. In fact, studies have consistently found that schizophrenics whose family relationships are characterized by hostile interactions are particularly likely to be rehospitalized within 9 months of discharge (Brown, Birley, & Wing, 1972; Vaughn & Leff, 1976).
Taxonomy of Organizational Theories

This research presents a taxonomy of 16 organizational theories that represent both germinal and current approaches. The author has used methodologies used by Miner (2005; 2006) and Vibert (2004) for purposes of classification of theories in macro level and micro level categories. Macro level theories are aimed at describing the design, behavior and paradigms of the organizations, whereas Micro level theories are focused on the description of individual behaviors and interactions within the organization. This taxonomy has identified nine theories that represent Eurocentric and traditional thought; three theories that represent global approaches and four theories considered non-traditional, identifying their creators and developers and the year of publication. These selected are organized in three tables, identifying theories of organizational behavior, organizational design, and organizational paradigms.
Tissue Engineering Applications in Orthopedic Surgery

Orthopedic surgeons have traditionally utilized either mechanical devices or allograft materials to replace damaged tissues. Limitations of these methods include wear of mechanical devices over time, limited graft materials, infection, and graft rejection, all of which can result in significant morbidity and mortality. In recent years, however, the focus of treating orthopedic-related injuries or diseases has shifted towards the regeneration of functional tissues using autologous cells, which are cells obtained from the patients themselves. This method of tissue regeneration could eliminate the previous problems of mechanical device failure and graft rejection. The potential applications of tissue engineering in orthopedic surgery are vast, and include treatment for many different types of tissues. In this chapter, an overview of the different types of cells being investigated for tissue engineering in orthopedic applications will be presented, followed by an in-depth discussion of muscle- derived stem cells (MDSCs), which have been found to have potential for treatment of a variety of orthopedic-related problems.
A Novel Terahertz Ballistic Deflection Transistor Travelling Wave Amplifier System

In this brief, an innovative terahertz (THz) ballistic deflection transistor (BDT) travelling wave amplifier (TWA) system is proposed. The BDT is an innovated technology device based on InGaAs/InAlAs/InP, able to operate at THz frequencies. The whole BDT TWA system design is based on a lossless THz transmission line called parallel plate dielectric waveguide with signal line (PPDWS). Parasitics for a single stage BDT amplifier and multiple-stage amplifier are also studied. In this brief a new thinner lossless PPDWS (transmission loss = 1.1 dB/mm) is developed. A new THz coupler applying the new PPDWS topology is also proposed and studied. It is shown that a 48-stage TWA system is able to provide a 15-dB gain at more than 1-THz frequency. Results compensate the low transconductance of the BDT and make the TWA a good choice for future THz amplifiers.
Microlens Enhancement of Surface-Tethered Molecular Beacons

The tethering of molecular beacon oligonucleotide detection probes to surface-patterned poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) microgels has enabled the integration of molecular beacons into a microarray format. The microgels not only localize the probes to specific surface positions but also maintain them in a waterlike environment. Here we extend the concept of microgel tethering to include dielectric microlenses. We show that streptavidin-functionalized polystyrene microspheres (3 μm diameter) can be colocalized with molecular beacons using biotinylated PEG gels in patterns ranging from pseudocontinuous microgel pads with lateral dimensions on the order of tens of micrometers to individual microgels with lateral dimensions on the order of 400–500 nm. We use a simplex assay based on Influenza A detection to study the lensing behavior. The microspheres increase the effective numerical aperture of the collection optics, and we find that a tethered microsphere increases the peak intensity collected from hybridized be...
Identity, the “Passing” Novel, and the Phenomenology of “Race”

The physical and psychological dismemberment of the African continent and its Diaspora, occasioned by the transatlantic slave trade and colonization, cannot be wished away or repaired by negating the self (past), and therefore remains one of the primary concerns of writers of the Black Atlantic. In spite of their efforts at agency—the deconstruction of racial essentialism—the “passing” characters in the novels discussed in this chapter not only fail to transcend “race” in order to attain freedom, they also deny their selves and historical relevance, thus paradoxically reinforcing that which they intend to challenge. The chapter contends that the phenomenology of “blackness” is historical and that the black body and its traumatic experiences have to be acknowledged and “re-membered” for wholeness to ensue.
Responsible Data Science

Technologists have a responsibility to develop Data Science and AI methods that satisfy fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethical requirements. This statement has repeatedly been made in recent years and in many quarters, including major newspapers and magazines. The technical community has responded with work in this direction. However, almost all of this work has been directed towards the decision-making algorithm that performs a task such as scoring or classification. This presentation examines the Data Science pipeline, and points out the importance of addressing responsibility in all stages of this pipeline, and not just the decision-making stage. The presentation then outlines some recent research results that have been obtained in that regard.
Games among relatives revisited.

Abstract We present a simple model for the evolution of social behavior in family-structured, finite sized populations. Interactions are represented as evolutionary games describing frequency-dependent selection. Individuals interact more frequently with siblings than with members of the general population, as quantified by an assortment parameter r , which can be interpreted as “relatedness”. Other models, mostly of spatially structured populations, have shown that assortment can promote the evolution of cooperation by facilitating interaction between cooperators, but this effect depends on the details of the evolutionary process. For our model, we find that sibling assortment promotes cooperation in stringent social dilemmas such as the Prisoner׳s Dilemma, but not necessarily in other situations. These results are obtained through straightforward calculations of changes in gene frequency. We also analyze our model using inclusive fitness. We find that the quantity of inclusive fitness does not exist for general games. For special games, where inclusive fitness exists, it provides less information than the straightforward analysis.
Psychose infantile : mise en relief des perturbations du registre symbolique et de la relation à l’Autre

Resume Objectif Une definition de la psychose infantile qui fasse consensus releve du defi, compte tenu de l’heterogeneite et de la labilite des symptomes, et compte tenu des diverses orientations theoriques. L’objectif vise sera alors de mettre en relief deux aspects majeurs de la clinique des psychoses infantiles : la perturbation du registre symbolique, et les rapports singuliers que l’enfant psychotique entretient avec son Autre. Ces deux aspects nous semblent etre une forme de denominateur commun a l’ensemble des psychoses infantiles. Methode L’article comprend trois parties. La premiere est consacree a une revue de la litterature. On constatera ici les difficultes depuis des decennies a s’entendre sur ce que recouvre precisement le terme de « psychose infantile ». Nous nous interesserons ensuite a l’atteinte du registre symbolique, puis a la particularite des rapports qu’entretient l’enfant psychotique avec l’Autre comme avec ses semblables. Resultats La symptomatologie de la psychose infantile telle qu’elle est decrite classiquement est necessaire a connaitre, mais ne suffit peut-etre pas. Pour cerner au mieux le fonctionnement psychique de l’enfant psychotique, l’apport psychanalytique peut s’averer utile. Nous tenterons de montrer que la particularite de la relation aux autres chez l’enfant psychotique doit pouvoir nous orienter et nous guider dans le diagnostic et dans l’accompagnement de ces enfants afin de les conduire sur une voie plus pacifiee. Discussion Outre la difficulte a delimiter et a definir precisement la psychose infantile en fonction des symptomes ou « troubles » presentes, la discussion porte sur l’importance qu’il y a a considerer un au-dela du « tableau clinique », un au-dela de la symptomatologie, pour faire sa place a la particularite de chaque cas. Conclusion Il n’y a certes pas de symptome pathognomonique de la psychose infantile. On peut par contre considerer raisonnablement que les divers symptomes manifestes decoulent du non-arrimage de l’enfant a l’ordre symbolique, qu’ils sont directement en lien avec la relation perturbee que l’enfant entretient avec son Autre, et inversement. C’est ainsi ce mode particulier de l’enfant a l’Autre qu’il convient d’analyser, de reguler, et peut-etre de traiter en premier lieu.
Fundamental social causes of inequalities in colorectal cancer mortality: A study of behavioral and medical mechanisms.

Abstract Background Fundamental cause theory posits that social conditions strongly influence the risk of health risks. This study identifies risk mechanisms that social conditions associated with socioeconomic status (SES) and race/ethnicity shape in the production of colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality. Methods Two large datasets in the United States examining behavioral and medical preventive factors (N = 4.63-million people) were merged with population-level mortality data observing 761,100 CRC deaths among 3.31-billion person-years of observation to examine trends in CRC mortality from 1999-2012. Analyses examined the changing role of medical preventions and health behaviors in catalyzing SES and racial/ethnic inequalities in CRC mortality. Results Lower SES as well as Black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Native American race/ethnicity were associated with decreased access to age-appropriate screening and/or increased prevalence of behavioral risk factors. Analyses further revealed that SES and racial/ethnic inequalities were partially determined by differences in engagement in two preventive factors: use of colonoscopy, and participation in physical activity. Discussion Social inequalities were not completely determined by behavioral risk factors. Nevertheless, a more equitable distribution of preventive medicines has the potential to reduce both the risk of, and social inequalities in, CRC mortality.
Penrose: from mathematical notation to beautiful diagrams

We introduce a system called Penrose for creating mathematical diagrams. Its basic functionality is to translate abstract statements written in familiar math-like notation into one or more possible visual representations. Rather than rely on a fixed library of visualization tools, the visual representation is user-defined in a constraint-based specification language; diagrams are then generated automatically via constrained numerical optimization. The system is user-extensible to many domains of mathematics, and is fast enough for iterative design exploration. In contrast to tools that specify diagrams via direct manipulation or low-level graphics programming, Penrose enables rapid creation and exploration of diagrams that faithfully preserve the underlying mathematical meaning. We demonstrate the effectiveness and generality of the system by showing how it can be used to illustrate a diverse set of concepts from mathematics and computer graphics.
A case of well-differentiated liposarcoma of the larynx histologically indistinguishable from spindle cell lipoma

Correctly identifying atypical lipomatous tumors/well-differentiated liposarcomas (WDLs) can be exceedingly difficult, as they account for
Randomized control trial of intravenous acetaminophen for reduction of intrapartum maternal fever

Background Intravenous acetaminophen reaches a higher mean peak plasma concentration than oral acetaminophen in a shorter period of time. The favorable pharmacokinetics of intravenous acetaminophen may be beneficial for treating intrapartum maternal fever. Objective The primary objective was to compare intravenous and oral acetaminophen in time to defervescence (temperature Study Design This was a randomized, comparator-controlled, double-dummy, double-blind clinical trial. At the onset of intrapartum fever ≥38°C, patients ≥36 weeks’ gestation were either randomized to the control or experimental study arm. Patients in the control arm received 1000 mg of oral acetaminophen capsules and an intravenous placebo resembling intravenous acetaminophen. Patients randomized to the experimental arm received 1000 mg of intravenous acetaminophen and oral placebo capsules resembling acetaminophen. Maternal temperatures and fetal heart rates were recorded at consecutive intervals following administration of the first dose of acetaminophen. Maternal blood, collected at the onset of fever and after delivery, and neonatal cord blood collected at delivery were evaluated for oxidative stress (glutathione levels), levels of RANTES and cytokines (interferon-δ, interleukin 1β, interleukin 2, interleukin 4, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, interleukin 10, interleukin 13, and tumor necrosis factor-α). Placentas were collected for pathologic review. A P value of Results A total of 121 patients (55 in the intravenous and 66 in the oral group) were recruited from December 1, 2016, to February 28, 2018. Patient demographics and intrapartum factors were similar between both arms. The intravenous group showed a mean time of 54.86 minutes (95% confidence interval, 20.57–39.43) to defervescence vs 52.58 minutes (95% confidence interval, 16.58–43.42) in the oral group (P=.71). In addition, intravenous and oral acetaminophen showed similar results in percentage of patients being afebrile and percent reduction in maternal temperature 30 minutes after administration of the first dose. Histopathological findings, neonatal outcomes, oxidative stress markers, and RANTES and cytokine levels were not statistically significant between intravenous and oral acetaminophen groups. Conclusion Intravenous acetaminophen did not demonstrate a higher efficacy than oral acetaminophen in treating intrapartum maternal fever. Select patients may benefit from intravenous acetaminophen for treatment of intrapartum fever, including those who cannot tolerate oral medication.
Bidirectional Domain Adaptation Using Weighted Multi-Task Learning

Domain adaption in syntactic parsing is still a significant challenge. We address the issue of data imbalance between the in-domain and out-of-domain treebank typically used for the problem. We define domain adaptation as a Multi-task learning (MTL) problem, which allows us to train two parsers, one for each do-main. Our results show that the MTL approach is beneficial for the smaller treebank. For the larger treebank, we need to use loss weighting in order to avoid a decrease in performance be-low the single task. In order to determine towhat degree the data imbalance between two domains and the domain differences affect results, we also carry out an experiment with two imbalanced in-domain treebanks and show that loss weighting also improves performance in an in-domain setting. Given loss weighting in MTL, we can improve results for both parsers.
A Fiber-Based Dual-Color Infrared Pulse Source with Tunable 12-60 THz Frequency Separation

We provide a numerical proof-of-concept demonstration of a widely tunable all-fiber dual-color pulse source in the infrared. The pulse source is based on intermodal Raman scattering and soliton trapping in a dispersion compensating fiber.
Robotic Gynecologic Surgery: A Beginner's Guide to Becoming an Effective Bedside Assistant

Study Objective Learning to become an effective bedside assistant during robotic gynecologic surgery is a difficult task with many real-world nuances. The authors aim to create a video to be a guide for those individuals beginning to fill the role of the bedside assistant in robotic gynecologic surgery, such as residents, physician assistants, and operating room staff. Design Instructional video footage was filmed to demonstrate appropriate handling of the robotic system at the bedside. Additional footage was selected that illustrates concepts of best practices in robotic gynecologic surgery. Setting This video takes place within a Minimally Invasive Gynecology operating room using a standard robotic system. Patients or Participants This video is intended for those beginning to fill the role of bedside assistant in robotic gynecologic surgery (i.e., residents, physician assistants, and surgical scrub technicians/nurses). Interventions This video reviews components of the patient cart, cannulas, and instruments in a common robotic system. The video also distills the key points of docking the patient cart, mounting cannulas, and handling of robotic instruments. It highlights safe techniques with use of standard laparoscopic instruments through the assistant port. Additionally, it helps identify ways to be a helpful bedside assistant, including multiple ways to improve the surgeon's visualization of the operative field and anticipate the needs of the primary surgeon. Measurements and Main Results N/A. Conclusion The skills of being able to efficiently handle robotic equipment, optimize the surgeon's visualization, and be prepared for next steps in the surgery are illusive to the novice bedside assistant. Review of high yield concepts can help prepare those beginning to fill the role of the bedside assist in robotic gynecologic surgery. This video illustrates many of these concepts and techniques with the intention of guiding those who are new to this role.
Systematics, Paleobiogeography, and Paleoenvironmental Significance of Rodents from the Ibole Member, Manonga Valley, Tanzania

The late Miocene and Pliocene fossil record documents important changes in rodent faunal composition heralding the advent of the modern East African fauna. Most significant among these changes is the beginning of the radiation of the Murinae, the true rats and mice, whose earliest African record is 12–10 Ma, and which currently dominate rodent assemblages in sub-Saharan Africa. The rodent record for the late Miocene and Pliocene is better than that for the middle Miocene, but still woefully inadequate. Hence the significance of late Neogene rodent remains from the Manonga Valley, in north-central Tanzania.
Cell cycle extracts.

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the early Xenopus cycle and the history of cell cycle extracts. The early Xenopus cell cycles are controlled by the activation and inactivation of a protein kinase named maturation-promoting factor (MPF). MPF is also known as the cdc2 kinase and growth-associated histone H1 kinase, and consists of two principal subunits, the catalytic p34cdc2 subunit and cyclin. Activation of MPF induces both mitosis and meiosis, whereas its inactivation triggers the onset of anaphase and the progression into interphase. The fluctuation of MPF activity in early Xenopus embryos is discussed in the chapter. The chapter discusses the methods for preparing and utilizing frog cell cycle extracts. Female frogs are primed for ovulation by injecting them with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and then induced to ovulate by a subsequent injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The chapter also describes sperm nucleus preparation.
Incentivos aos investimentos americanos no Brasil

omesmo do capitalistaou doadministrador? E qual a funcao doEstado? Sua acaocompleta ou substitui a do empresario? Estas sao algumasdas perguntas que tentaremos responder neste artigo, pro-curando conceituar o desenvolvimento economico e de-terminar quais sao os elementos estrategicos na sua con-secucao.
Communicative Practices in an American Gamelan Orchestra

Gamelan adalah tradisi musik yang berakar di Indonesia, dipertunjukkan di kepulauan Jawa, Madura, dan Bali dalam upacara-upacara adat dan ritual-ritual agama. Kendati secara tradisional gamelan dimainkan oleh warga pribumi, dengan meningkatnya popularitas budaya etnis Indonesia dalam lingkup internasional, gamelan baru-baru ini dimainkan pula oleh orang-orang asing. Studi berikut ini merupakan etnografi dari proses komunikasi dalam sebuah Orkestra Gamelan Amerika yang mengidentifikasi dua pertanyaan kunci: (1) Bagaimana gamelan dipelajari di luar konteks sosiokultural orisinalnya? (2) Bagaimana pengetahuan tersebar di antara komunitas yang spesifik ini? Melibatkan kurang lebih 30 anggota (pemusik dan penari) dari sebuah kelompok Gamelan Bali, dengan beragam latar belakang etnis, kebangsaan dan latar belakang musik, penelitian ini menyimpulkan adanya empat praktik komunikasi dalam mempelajari gamelan: (1) Vokalisasi (sebagai metode utama instruktur dalam mengajarkan cara memainkan gamelan); (2) Percakapan informal (sebagai bentuk praktik komunikasi yang memungkinkan anggota kelompok berinteraksi dalam percakapan bebas); (3) Metawacana (suatu proses di mana anggota-anggota senior mencapai keputusan manajemen pertunjukan); dan (4) Blessings, semacam upacara keagamaan memohon restu dari Yang Mahakuasa untuk kesuksesan acara. Keempat praktik komunikasi ini tidak sekadar membantu anggota mempelajari musik tradisional, tetapi juga memungkinkan para musisi tersebut menjadi anggota aktif dalam komunitas yang dikerangka oleh batas-batas kultural. Pada akhirnya, praktik komunikasi semacam ini membantu proses penyebaran pengetahuan di antara anggota-anggota kelompok.
Interaction of adriamycin aglycones with isolated mitochondria: Effect of selenium deficiency

Adriamycin (AdM) aglycones have dramatic effects on isolated heart mitochondria, oxidizing pyridine nucleotides, modifying sulfhydryl groups, and triggering a permeability transition of the inner membrane that results in free passage of solutes smaller than 1500 Da. In this investigation, the role of glutathione (GSH) peroxidase in these actions of the aglycones was evaluated, by comparing mitochondria from selenium-deficient and selenium-supplemented rats, with the following results. Selenium deficiency was without effect on the permeability transition of heart mitochondria, followed via Ca2+ release and triggered by AdM aglycone or by t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH) or H2O2, both of which are authentic substrates of the peroxidase. The permeability transition of liver mitochondria was delayed by selenium deficiency regardless of the triggering agent; however, substantial triggering by the aglycone and TBH persisted in mitochondria from selenium-deficient animals. Selenium deficiency inhibited thiol modification elicited by AdM aglycone and H2O2 in heart mitochondria and by the aglycone, TBH, and possibly H2O2 in liver mitochondria. It would thus appear that AdM aglycone, TBH, and H2O2 can induce the permeability transition of isolated heart mitochondria via a process (or processes) distinct from the catalytic activity of the peroxidase. Furthermore, even in liver, where involvement of the peroxidase is observed, mechanisms other than the GSH cycle can contribute to transition induction by the aglycone and by TBH. Finally, mitochondrial-SH group modification by the aglycones appeared not to be causally linked to induction of the permeability transition. This laboratory has suggested that the effects of aglycone metabolites of AdM on mitochondria mediate the cardiotoxicity that limits use of the parent drug. The data presented in this paper argue against the involvement of GSH peroxidase in that process. They are in agreement with in vivo studies, which have generally failed to find evidence for amelioration of AdM cardiotoxicity in selenium-deficient animals.
There Was a Woman: La Llorona from Folklore to Popular Culture

Reviewed Medium: book Authors: Domino Renee Perez Year: 2008 Pages: 300 Publisher: University of Texas Press ISBN: 978-0-292-71811-1 (hard cover). Prices: $60.00 USD(hard cover).
Observations and opportunities in cybersecurity education game design

We identify three challenges in cybersecurity education that could be addressed through game-based learning: conveying cybersecurity fundamentals, assessment of understanding, and recruitment and retention of professionals. By combining established epistemologies for cybersecurity with documented best practices for educational game design, we are able to define four research questions about the state of cybersecurity education games. Our attention is focused on games for ages 12–18 rather than adult learners or professional development. We analyze 21 games through the lens of our four research questions, including games that are explicitly designed to teach cybersecurity concepts as well as commercial titles with cybersecurity themes; in the absence of empirical evidence of these games' efficacy, our analysis frames these games within educational game design theory. This analysis produces a three-tier taxonomy of games: those whose gameplay is not associated with cybersecurity education content (Type 1); those that integrate multiple-choice decisions only (Type 2); and those that integrate cybersecurity objectives into authentic gameplay activity (Type 3). This analysis reveals opportunities for new endeavors to incorporate multiple perspectives and to scaffold learners progression from the simple games to the more complex simulations.
Adopting IT: food program sponsor discovers it's no picnic

Small companies are often reluctant to try innovative approaches to information management because of the cost of the hardware and software, the potential disruption of processes already dependent on overstressed resources and the lack of in-house expertise. This case looks at the experience with information technology (IT) implementation of one small nonprofit company that provides administrative services for child care providers. Like many companies of all sizes, the focal company realized it must adopt new information technologies in order to survive. The company fit the profile for small companies just entering the world of IT. It experienced the expected internal problems associated with change. And then it discovered that its size and its relationship to government oversight agencies, themselves struggling to implement IT, posed special threats to its survival.
Dissection of a carboxy-terminal region of the yeast regulatory protein RAP1 with effects on both transcriptional activation and silencing.

Abstract RAP1 is an essential sequence-specific DNA-binding protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae whose binding sites are found in a large number of promoters, where they function as upstream activation sites, and at the silencer elements of the HMR and HML mating-type loci, where they are important for repression. We have examined the involvement of specific regions of the RAP1 protein in both repression and activation of transcription by studying the properties of a series of hybrid proteins containing RAP1 sequences fused to the DNA-binding domain of the yeast protein GAL4 (amino acids 1 to 147). GAL4 DNA-binding domain/RAP1 hybrids containing only the carboxy-terminal third of the RAP1 protein (which lacks the RAP1 DNA-binding domain) function as transcriptional activators of a reporter gene containing upstream GAL4 binding sites. Expression of some hybrids from the strong ADH1 promoter on multicopy plasmids has a dominant negative effect on silencers, leading to either partial or complete derepression of normally silenced genes. The GAL4/RAP1 hybrids have different effects on wild-type and several mutated but functional silencers. Silencers lacking either an autonomously replicating sequence consensus element or the RAP1 binding site are strongly derepressed, whereas the wild-type silencer or a silencer containing a deletion of the binding site for another silencer-binding protein, ABF1, are only weakly affected by hybrid expression. By examining a series of GAL4 DNA-binding domain/RAP1 hybrids, we have mapped the transcriptional activation and derepression functions to specific parts of the RAP1 carboxy terminus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gastric emptying of solid food is most potently inhibited by carbohydrate in the canine distal ileum.

Abstract Although glucose sensors regulating the gastric emptying of liquid meals are uniformly distributed throughout the canine small intestine, some data suggest that the distal small bowel more potently inhibits gastric emptying of solid foods. The aims of this study were to compare (a) the inhibition of gastric emptying by glucose sensors in the proximal intestine with the feedback from the distal intestine, (b) these effects on the gastric emptying of solids vs. liquids, and (c) the inhibitory effect of unhydrolyzed starch with glucose. In 7 dogs with chronic duodenal fistulas, the second, third, and fourth quarters of small bowel were perfused via chronically implanted transmural catheters. Gastric emptying of either solids or liquids was tracked by γ camera while gastric output was diverted out the duodenal fistula and the small bowel perfused with test solutions of glucose (0.06–2.0 mol/L), 0.15 mol/L NaCl, or 8.5% soluble starch. It was found that (a) gastric emptying of solids but not liquids was ~3 times more potently inhibited by glucose in the fourth quarter vs. the first or second quarter of small bowel, and (b) only hydrolyzed starch inhibited gastric emptying of solids.
A Low-Complexity Algorithm for Neighbor Discovery in Wireless Networks

We study a neighbor discovery problem in wireless networks for which each node wishes to identify the so-called neighboring nodes within a single-hop communication. This problem can be optimally addressed using maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation, but its implementation is notoriously difficult in practice. In this letter, we present a low-complexity algorithm consisting of two stages: 1) we solve such problem using LASSO estimator that is a convex relaxation of MAP estimator to encourage a sparse solution; and 2) we find a desired binary vector (e.g., indicator of neighbor nodes) by taking a “hard-decision” with threshold, carefully chosen by exploiting fading statistics. Finally, we provide some numerical results to confirm that the proposed algorithm performs quite well.