cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Implications of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) ligand clofibrate in breast cancer

Inflammatory and invasive breast cancers are aggressive and require better understanding for the development of new treatments and more accurate prognosis. Here, we detected high expression of PPARα in human primary inflammatory (SUM149PT) and highly invasive (SUM1315MO2) breast cancer cells, and tissue sections of human breast cancer. PPARα ligands are clinically used to treat dyslipidemia. Among lipid lowering drugs clofibrate, fenofibrate and WY14643, clofibrate showed high chemo-sensitivity towards breast cancer cells. Clofibrate treatment significantly induced PPARα DNA binding activity, and remarkably reduced cyclooxygenase-2/PGE2 and 5-lipoxygenase/LTB4 inflammatory pathways. Clofibrate treatment reduced the proliferation of breast cancer cells probably by inhibiting NF-κB and ERK1/2 activation, reducing cyclinD1, cyclinA, cyclinE, and inducing pro-apoptotic P21 levels. Surprisingly, the expression of lipogenic pathway genes including SREBP-1c (sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c), HMG-CoA synthase, SPTLC1 (serine palmitoyltransferase long-chain), and Acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) decreased with a concurrent increase in fatty acid oxidation genes such as CPT-1a (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a) and SREBP-2 (Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2). Clofibrate treatment induced secretion of free fatty acids and effectively decreased the level of phosphorylated active form of fatty acid synthase (FASN), an enzyme catalyzing de novo synthesis of fatty acids. High level of coactivators steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) and histone acetylase CBP-300 (CREB binding protein-300) were observed in the nuclear complexes of clofibrate treated breast cancer cells. These findings implicate that stimulating PPARα by safe, well-tolerated, and clinically approved clofibrate may provide a safer and more effective strategy to target the signaling, lipogenic, and inflammatory pathways in aggressive forms of breast cancer.
An evaluation instrument to appraise knowledge and behavior regarding use of stimulants and depressants

Abstract A two-part evaluation instrument was developed to assess knowledge and behavior regarding the use of stimulant and depressant substances. A trial instrument was administered to 72 college-bound high school seniors. Analysis of the responses was used to construct a refined second version then administered to 467 men and women at California State College at Long Beach. Analysis of these resulting data showed that the instrument is valid and reliable for use with groups. The instrument may be used (a) to appraise the outcomes of a given instructional program designed to satisfy the usual legal requirement for such instruction, and (b) to serve as a pretest and post-test for determining the effectiveness of specific instruction about the effects of tobacco, alcohol, dangerous drugs, and narcotics.
Laboratory observations on the life history and habits of the face fly, Musca autumnalis (Diptera: Muscidae).

At 25°-30°C and 50%-70% RH, face flies, Musca autumnalis DeGeer, on a diet of sugar and milk plus bovine blood began mating 4–5 days after emergence. Females mated more than once, sometimes with several males; they began to oviposit 2–4 days after the first mating and continued ovipositing throughout their lives, which ranged from 3 weeks to 3 months. Number of eggs per female ranged from 30 to 128, varying with the diet, with photoperiod, and with temperature; eggs were laid in batches of 6–26, and at intervals of several days. Incubation required 16—18 hours at 25°–30°, and egg mortality was 8%–25%. The 3 larval stadia required a total of 21 days at 11°, 3–3½ days at 25°–30°, and 2½ days at 35°–40°. Larvae survived at 0° but underwent no further development. Full–grown larvae tended to leave the manure media to find proper sites for pupation; this process could be completed in 1 hour. At 25°–30° larval mortality was 18%–28%; pupal mortality, 20%– 35% in the 7½ days spent in this stage. Under laboratory conditions 11½–12 days were required for the cycle from egg to adult; 5–6 days more were needed outdoors, where temperatures ranged from 9° to 35° and humidities from 32% to 96%. Neither eggs nor pupae survived at 11°; adults, however, tolerated 0° temperature. Both sexual maturation and the rate of oviposition were slowed when blood was removed from the diet, but both increased with lengthened photoperiod.
Duration of Egg Formation in Chickens during Heat Stress

Abstract An accelerated transit time of the developing egg through the oviduct could account for the decreased quantities of albumen and shell secreted by laying hens exposed to high environmental temperatures. To examine this possibility, the time interval (± 15 minutes) between successive eggs in a clutch was measured in 25 S.C.W.L. hens held at a constant temperature of 21 ± 1° C. The temperature was then increased to a constant 32 ± 1° C., and after 3 weeks exposure, the time interval between successive eggs was measured again in the same hens. The mean time interval between successive eggs was significantly greater (P
Historical Thinking -- and Its Alleged Unnaturalness

AbstractNo articulation of `historical thinking' has been as influential as Sam Wineburg's position, according to which historical thinking is, fundamentally, the recognition of the ways in which the past is different than the present. Wineburg argues, further, that achieving that state is `unnatural.' This paper critiques both of these claims, arguing instead that we should replace a generic conception of historical thinking with one that is much more rooted in the specific practice of the discipline. It is surely necessary for students to learn this practice, but it is not unnatural. Instead, learning to think historically is learning to speak the language of the discipline that we call ‘history.’
Measured Pulmonary and Systemic Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Following Wildland Firefighter Simulations

Objective:A controlled human exposure study was conducted to investigate the impact of inhalational exposures to wood smoke PM2.5 on measured concentrations of airway and systemic inflammatory biomarkers.Methods:Mimicking wildland firefighter activities, 10 participants were exposed to three doses o
Thermal Aging Study of a Dow Corning SE 1700 Porous Structure Made by Direct Ink Writing: 1-Year Results and Long-Term Predictions

Dow Corning SE 1700 (reinforced polydimethylsiloxane) porous structures were made by direct ink writing (DIW). The specimens (~50% porosity) were subjected to various compressive strains (15, 30, 45%) and temperatures (room temperature, 35, 50, 70°C) in a nitrogen atmosphere (active purge) for 1 year. Compression set and load retention of the aged specimens were measured periodically during the study. Compression set increased with strain and temperature. After 1 year, specimens aged at room temperature, 35, and 50°C showed ~10% compression set (relative to the applied compressive deflection), while those aged at 70°C showed 20-40%. Due to the increasing compression set, load retention decreased with temperature, ranging from ~90% at room temperature to ~60-80% at 70°C. Long-term compression set and load retention at room temperature were predicted by applying time-temperature superposition (TTS). The predictions show compression set relative to the compressive deflection will be ~10-15% with ~70-90% load retention after 50 years at 15-45% strain, suggesting the material will continue to be mechanically functional. Comparison of the results to previously acquired data for cellular (M97*, M9760, M9763) and RTV (S5370) silicone foams suggests that the SE 1700 DIW porous specimens are on par with, or outperform, the legacy foams.
DERIVING CAPILLARY PRESURE CURVES FROM NMR T_2 SPECTRA

NMR T 2 distribution data obtained on reservoir real log are converted directly to capillary pressure curves. Firstly the T 2 cut-off values were determined, and the T 2 spectra were divided into irreducible water spectra and moveable water spectra. Then the moveable water spectra were corrected for hydrocarbon effects to reconstruct moveable water spectra, which were then added to the irreducible water spectra to obtain the T 2 spectra at S W=1. Using a converting coefficient κ, the T 2 spectra at S W=1 were able to be converted directly to capillary pressure curve. The key of the method is the correction of hydrocarbon effects on the moveable water spectra and the determination of the optimumκ.We have demonstrated that for sandstone formations capillary pressure curves can be reliably derived from NMR data with an accuracy that is equivalent to standard log interpretation. This was verified through an extensive core study as well as using real log data. This allows obtaining a reliable saturation-height function also in oil(or gas) bearing depth intervals.
Trend analysis of disease spectrum of inpatient in Guangming New District,Shenzhen City,1996-2011

Objective This study aims to analyze the characteristics and changes of disease spectrum of inpatients,to understand the disease patterns of residents and to provide scientific basis for efficient deployment of the relevant departments in Guangming New District,Shenzhen. Methods Rank-sum ratio and Cox-stuart test were used to analyze the medical record data in hospitals in Guangming New District,Shenzhen,1996- 2011 to get the characteristics and changes of disease spectrum of inpatients. Results There was no significant change in disease spectrum of Guangming New District,Shenzhen,1996- 2011. The top four ranks of disease spectrum were the pregnancy,childbirth and puerperium,injury and poisoning,respiratory system diseases,and digestive system diseases. There was a decrease for the inpatient's constituent ratio of pregnancy,childbirth and puerperium( Cox-Stuart test,n = 8,S+= 0,P = 0. 004),while most of the other disease categories showed an increasing trend. Single spontaneous delivery,fracture at wrist and hand level and pneumonia have become the major monopathy of this area. And the proportions and ranks of fracture at wrist and hand level,and pneumonia increased. Diseases of injury and poisoning occurred mostly in young and males( 82. 06%),and the respiratory system diseases occurred mostly in children under the age of 14( 65. 80%). Conclusions Maternal and child health,and the prevention and treatment of injuries and pneumonia in children are the main issues of health planning in this area. Reasonable deployment from relevant departments should be given based on the characteristics and trends of disease spectrum.
Potential role of magnetic resonance imaging and other modalities in ductal carcinoma in situ detection.

Abstract Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) is the earliest form of ductal cancer, with a high rate of care if treated early. This article outlines the use of breast imaging in DCIS diagnosis, including mammography, MR imaging, and nuclear medicine studies. While MR imaging and nuclear medicine show great promise in DCIS diagnosis, mammography remains the mainstay of DCIS detection by the presence of microcalcifications in early tumors on the mammogram.
The Changing Scene: Impact of the West

Napoleon’s descent on Egypt was epoch making in more than one way. It marked the beginning of the break with the past Along with his other equipment the French invader brought to Cairo an Arabic press which he had plundered from the Vatican. This press was the first of its kind in the valley of the Nile. It developed into the renowned Maṭbat‘at Būlāq, still the official printing institution of the government. The French conqueror used it for issuing a propaganda sheet in Arabic. He moreover inaugurated a sort of academie litteraire with a library. Until that time the people of the Arab world were generally leading a self-contained, traditional, conventional life, achieving no progress and unmindful of the progress of the world outside. Change did not interest them. This abrupt contact with the West gave them the first knock that helped to awaken them from their medieval slumber. It kindled the intellectual spark that was to set a corner of the Moslem world on fire.
14C-Calcium Oxalate (CaOx) Adherence in the Rat Bladder

For clinical stone disease to occur, a nucleus must form and be retained until a crystalline mass is attained which is sufficient to cause clinical symptoms or be identified radiologically. The mechanism by which a nucleus is retained has received little attention. Parsons et al1 have demonstrated that the mucin layer of the rabbit bladder prevents the adherence of bacteria. Gill et al2 showed that when crystallization of calcium oxalate was induced in the rat bladder, few crystals adhered if the mucin layer was intact.
Imperial expansion under Aurangzeb 1658–1689

Throughout the first thirty years of his reign Aurangzeb, who had added Alamgir or world-seizer to his titles, dedicated himself to fostering a more properly Islamic regime and to aggressive expansion on the empire's frontiers. Aurangzeb completed the transformation of Akbar's ideology and inclusive political culture begun by Shah Jahan. Aurangzeb's revivalism forced him to confront imperial policies toward non-Muslims. His edict of 1669 ordered that all temples recently built or repaired contrary to the Sharia be torn down. His new policies increased tensions with the still-expanding Sikh community in the Punjab plain and foothills. The most sensitive test for the new militant orthodoxy lay in the emperor's relationship with his Rajput nobles. On the surface the Rajputs had no immediate grounds for complaint. Aurangzeb's new emphasis on Islam as a major strand in the political relationship strained the Rajput-Timurid bond.
Analyzing a subsystem to identify properties of a large system: an application in airline routing decisions

Modeling large systems is often complex, analytically intractable, and is in need of large time-consuming simulations. Often, there is a need to quickly learn the characteristics of large systems. In this paper, we show how, by employing a subsystem model of the system, one can obtain substantial information about a larger system. In particular, we look at the problem of an airline passenger making a choice between a hub-and-spoke route and a point-to-point route. We build a 4-node model with 2 hubs and 2 non-hubs and use analytical methods and simulations to identify conditions under which passengers prefer point-to-point over hub-and-spoke routes. We then use genetic algorithm solutions combined with simulations to determine the same information from a larger model. We show how the conclusions from the subsystem model are equally valid for the larger model. In particular, our conclusion that the point-to-point aircraft capacity and aircraft speed have the most dominating effect on the passenger choice is derived from the subsystem model and found to be valid in the larger model also.
Optimal resonance configuration for ultrasonic wireless power transmission to millimeter-sized biomedical implants

In order to achieve efficient wireless power transmission (WPT) to biomedical implants with millimeter (mm) dimensions, ultrasonic WPT links have recently been proposed. Operating both transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) ultrasonic transducers at their resonance frequency (fr) is key in improving power transmission efficiency (PTE). In this paper, different resonance configurations for Tx and Rx transducers, including series and parallel resonance, have been studied to help the designers of ultrasonic WPT links to choose the optimal resonance configuration for Tx and Rx that maximizes PTE. The geometries for disk-shaped transducers of four different sets of links, operating at series-series, series-parallel, parallel-series, and parallel-parallel resonance configurations in Tx and Rx, have been found through finite-element method (FEM) simulation tools for operation at fr of 1.4 MHz. Our simulation results suggest that operating the Tx transducer with parallel resonance increases PTE, while the resonance configuration of the mm-sized Rx transducer highly depends on the load resistance, Rl. For applications that involve large Rl in the order of tens of kΩ, a parallel resonance for a mm-sized Rx leads to higher PTE, while series resonance is preferred for Rl in the order of several kΩ and below.
Active duty service members who sustain a traumatic brain injury have chronically elevated peripheral concentrations of Aβ40 and lower ratios of Aβ42/40.

AbstractPrimary objective: Excessive accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau have been observed in older individuals with chronic neurological symptoms related to a traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet little is known about the possible role of Aβ in younger active duty service members following a TBI. The purpose of the study was to determine if Aβ 40 or 42 related to sustaining a TBI or to chronic neurological symptoms in a young cohort of military personnel.Research design: This was a cross-sectional study of active duty service members who reported sustaining a TBI and provided self-report of neurological and psychological symptoms and provided blood.Methods and procedures: An ultrasensitive single-molecule enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to compare concentrations of Aβ in active duty service members with (TBI+; n = 53) and without (TBI–; n = 18) a history of TBI. Self-report and medical history were used to measure TBI occurrence and approximate the number of total TBIs and the severity of ...
Pregnancy outcomes in women on hemodialysis: a national survey.

Background. Pregnancy occurs among 1–7% of women on chronic dialysis. Experience regarding pregnancy and dialysis originates from anecdotal reports, case series and surveys. This survey updates the US nephrologists’ experience with pregnancy on hemodialysis (HD) over the past 5 years. We evaluated maternal and fetal outcomes, certain practice patterns such as dialysis regimens utilized and nephrologist knowledge and comfort level when caring for a pregnant patient on HD. Methods. An anonymous Internet-based 23-question survey was e-mailed to end-stage renal disease Networks of America program directors for forwarding to practicing nephrologists. Results. A total of 196 nephrologists responded to the survey, reporting >187 pregnancies. Of the respondents, 45% had cared for pregnant females on HD and 78% of pregnancies resulted in live births. In 44% of the pregnancies a diagnosis of preeclampsia was made. There were no maternal deaths. Nephrologists most commonly prescribe 4–4.5 h of HD 6 days/week for pregnant women on dialysis. Women dialyzed cumulatively for >20 h/week were 2.2 times more likely to develop preeclampsia than those who received ≤20 h of HD per week. Conclusion. Providing intensive HD is a common treatment approach when dialyzing pregnant women. Maternal and fetal outcomes can be improved. There is a trend toward better live birthrates with more intense HD. Whether more cumulative hours of dialysis per week increases the risk of preeclampsia needs to be further investigated.
Abstract 416: Baseline Electrocardiographic Findings Are Associated With Insulin Sensitivity and Beta-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes

Introduction Cardiovascular disease rates are higher in type II diabetes mellitus, but often it remains silent until too late. It is unknown if baseline EKG changes are associated with the degree of impaired insulin sensitivity or with other markers of diabetes control. We sought to investigate these relationships in the Penn Diabetes Heart Study (PDHS), a cross-sectional study of diabetic patients without overt coronary artery disease. Methods EKG intervals were measured in a subset of PDHS participants (n=732; mean age 59.4 ± 8.4 years, 66.5% males, 60.1% Caucasians). At the same visit, subjects underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance testing after overnight fast with measurement of glucose and insulin at 0, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. The Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity Index (MISI) was calculated to estimate insulin sensitivity and the Insulinogenic Index (IGI) to estimate pancreatic beta-cell function. We used spearman correlations, chi-squared tests, and logistic regression to test associations of EKG changes with clinical factors, log-transformed MISI, and inverse normal-transformed IGI. Results In unadjusted analysis, there was a higher prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (3.6% vs. 0.9%, p = 0.005) and ST changes (24.5% vs. 14.6%, p = 0.004) in African Americans compared to Caucasians. In fully adjusted models controlling for age, race, sex, history of hypertension and Framingham risk score, a higher MISI was associated with lower incidence of Q waves (OR 0.50, CI 0.33-0.76, p = 0.001). In addition, higher IGI scores were associated with a lower incidence of nonspecific ST changes (OR 0.82, CI 0.65-0.96, p= 0.035). There was also a trend for higher HbA1c values associated with LVH; however, this association was not statistically significant in fully adjusted models (OR 1.29, CI 0.90-1.86, p = 0.163). Conclusion Q wave abnormalities on routine EKGs were associated with reduced insulin sensitivity at baseline, while nonspecific ST changes were associated with lower pancreatic beta-cell function in patients with diabetes. Specific baseline EKG changes are indicators of the degree of metabolic disturbance in type 2 diabetes and may provide insight into the extent and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetic patients.
Examining the Scope and Thermodynamics of Assembly in Nesting Complexes Comprising Molecular Baskets and TPA Ligands

Molecular baskets capture various tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine ligands, with and without zinc(II) cation, to form nesting complexes. The results of our computational (MD) and experimental (1H NMR/ITC) studies suggest that the assembly is driven by the hydrophobic effect with the charge of complementary molecular components playing an important role in the formation of nesting complexes. In brief, the complexation only takes place when the basket and the ligand carry either oppositely charged or noncharged groups.
Percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure for cryptogenic stroke: learning from clinical trial and error

Each year, over 690,000 people suffer from ischemic stroke in the United States. Of these, 25–30% are cryptogenic where the etiology cannot be determined (1). In the late 1980s, observational studies suggested a higher prevalence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) (40–50% versus 10–15%; P<0.001) in young people aged <40–55 years with cryptogenic stroke (2,3). Contrary to subsequent non-randomized studies (4), the first three randomized clinical trials (CLOSURE I, PC and RESPECT) failed to demonstrate superiority of percutaneous PFO closure over medical therapy for secondary prevention of stroke in a primary analysis (5-7).
Extending the institutional environment: the impact of internal and external factors on the green behaviors of an individual

Similar to the adaptation and evolution of organizations, individual consumers must live and exist within similar environmental conditions. The research presented utilizes a quantitative study to e...
Molecular and Functional Characterization of Genes Encoding Anti-Thyroglobulin and Anti-Tsh Receptor Antibodies

Autoimmune thyroiditis covers a wide spectrum of diseases ranging from hyperthyroid forms, like Graves’disease to hypothyroidism forms like Hashimoto’s disease.
Statins in Chronic Kidney Disease

Statins have become a mainstay therapy in cardiovascular and atherosclerotic disease. However, the use of statins in end stage kidney disease is a controversial topic. There is no evidence to support statins or other lipid lowering therapies in patients with end stage renal disease. This chapter seeks to review the epidemiology and risk factors of cardiovascular disease in the chronic kidney disease population, the literature and data regarding the beneficial and harmful effects of statins in this particular population and the international guidelines for their use. In addition, statins choices and doses in this population are reviewed.
Quality improvement project to optimize enteral nutrition in a tertiary hospital's surgical ICU

Optimizing enteral nutrition early has been shown to be beneficial in critically ill patients. However, underfeeding is still a common problem. The critically ill surgical patient often presents with additional challenges to optimal enteral feeding. The objective of this study was to improve enteral feeding practices in a surgical ICU.
High Frequency Ventilation and IPPV in the Presence of a Bronchopleural Fistula

Alveolar ventilation during IPPV depends on the bulk movement of gas through the conducting airways in volumes that exceed the anatomical dead space. Inhalation is a discrete interval during which inspired gas enters the airway and proceeds to the alveolar gas exchange pool. Exhalation is also a discrete period during which the bulk volume of the inspired gas exits the lungs. During IPPV there is a phasic variation in the airway pressure which is transmitted to the thorax resulting in respiratory variations in the pulmonary artery and systemic arterial pressures.
Unilateral retinitis pigmentosa in children.

Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of rare inherited retinal disorders characterized by diffuse progressive degeneration of the retina that typically presents bilaterally. Unilateral RP has not often been reported in children. We present a series of cases that illustrate discrimination between unilateral and asymmetric disease and between dystrophy and acquired degeneration. Methods Four patients (9-15 years of age; 3 females) were referred to our institution for possible unilateral RP based on fundus appearance and unilateral symptoms. All underwent full-field electroretinography (ERG), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), widefield and color fundus photography, and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging. Genetic testing and a vitamin and essential fatty acids panel were also conducted in 1 patient. Results Unilateral retinal degeneration was confirmed in 2 patients, whose fellow eyes showed no abnormalities on ERG or imaging. The other 2 patients were found to have highly asymmetric retinal degeneration based on ERG, wide-angle images, and repeated examinations (range, 0.3-9.8 years). Genetic testing and blood testing in 1 unilateral case were negative. Conclusions Childhood-onset “unilateral RP” remains a difficult and uncertain diagnosis. ERG testing and longitudinal and widefield fundus examination are necessary to exclude asymmetrical disease. Although unilateral degeneration may exist in some children, its inherited or acquired etiology remains poorly understood.
Reflections on the early development of the “AUSM family” of Riemann solvers

This paper is written in honor and memory of my esteemed friend and colleague, Meng-Sing Liou, with whom I worked closely in the 1990s on the development of AUSM-family schemes and their extensions to reactive, “all-speed,” and multi-phase flows. The purpose of this paper is to revisit the thought processes and concepts that led to the rapid evolution of the AUSM family as a highly efficient, highly accurate method for discretization of the Euler equations and their various extensions. No new results are presented; rather, the focus is on (re-)discovering the common threads that link the various members of the AUSM family. Special attention is given to the strategies that lead to accurate results at all flow speeds, and some reviews of more current work in this area are presented. The paper concludes with a few reflections, personal and otherwise, relating to my interactions with Meng over the years and to my view of the essential elements of AUSM-family schemes.
Cannabis for chronic pain: Not a simple solution.

Real concerns include amotivation, worsening psychiatric states, chronic disability, and chemical dependence.
Residual strength of steel beam columns under elevated temperature

Abstract Owing to its thermal conductivity property, the strength of structural steel is highly susceptible to elevated temperature. When steel is used in main load-bearing members in buildings that are vulnerable to fire, great attention should be paid to the effect of the elevated temperature on the residual strength of those members. Hence, the design criteria of such members must incorporate temperature in their requirements. Current standards and codes of practice for steel structures have attempted to address the elevated temperature in their design procedures. However, the design procedures suggested by these standards and codes still lack accuracy and rationality compared to experimental results, especially at high values of elevated temperature. The main objective of the present study is to suggest a new and accurate analytical method to reasonably predict the residual axial and lateral strength of steel beam columns when subjected to elevated temperature. The suggested method uses a newly derived moment-curvature equation of steel beam columns at elevated temperature. The effect of elevated temperature on the material and mechanical characteristics of the steel was accounted for by utilizing reduction factors suggested by Eurocode 3 (EC3). Validation of the suggested method against experimental and numerical simulation results has demonstrated that the developed method can reasonably predict the residual axial and lateral resistance of steel beam-columns at high values of elevated temperature. The suggested method has many significant applications in the design of steel members at elevated temperature induced by fire.
Visit Planning Using a Waiting Room Health IT Tool: The Aligning Patients and Providers Randomized Controlled Trial.

PURPOSE Time during primary care visits is limited. We tested the hypothesis that a waiting room health information technology (IT) tool to help patients identify and voice their top visit priorities would lead to better visit interactions and improved quality of care. METHODS We designed a waiting room tool, the Visit Planner, to guide adult patients through the process of identifying their top priorities for their visit and effectively expressing these priorities to their clinician. We tested this tool in a cluster-randomized controlled trial with usual care as the control. Eligible patients had at least 1 clinical care gap (eg, overdue for cancer screening, suboptimal chronic disease risk factor control, or medication nonadherence). RESULTS The study (conducted March 31, 2016 through December 31, 2017) included 750 English- or Spanish-speaking patients. Compared with usual care patients, intervention patients more often reported “definitely” preparing questions for their doctor (59.5% vs 45.1%, P CONCLUSIONS A simple waiting room–based tool significantly improved visit communication. Patients using the Visit Planner were more prepared and more likely to begin the visit by communicating their top priorities. These changes did not, however, lead to further reduction in aggregate clinical care gaps beyond the improvements seen in the usual care arm.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is one of the most important slow virus infection caused by measles virus in human. It have passed over 20 years since measles virus was found in the brain of SSPE patients. However, definite etiological mechanism is still unknown. In Japan, number of SSPE patients are gradually decreasing, but over 5 patients are reported every year. Recently, the age of onset of SSPE became higher, incubation period from measles to SSPE onset became to be more prolonged, and serum measles antibody titers became lower than before. From typical clinical findings, serum and CSF measles antibody titers and periodic complex high voltage slow waves with suppression burst, SSPE is suggested. It is not so difficult to make diagnosis. As the differential diagnosis, epilepsy, brain tumor, metabolic diseases, or psychological disorders are mentioned. Treatment for SSPE is still undetermined. At present, it is thought that combined treatment of oral inosinpranobex (isoprinosine) and intratechal or intraventricular interferon (IFN) administration is the most effective.
Neurotoxins: Other Uses and Future Possibilities

BoNT/A currently has many uses, both on- and off-label, and the number of indications continue to grow. The United States Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approved dermatologic uses including axillary hyperhidrosis (excessive underarm sweating), glabellar and forehead rhytids, and lateral canthal lines (crow’s feet). Off-label dermatologic uses include lower face treatment, acne, rosacea, scar reduction, pain, and psoriasis.
Signature predictions of surface targets undergoing turning maneuvers in spotlight synthetic aperture radar imagery

This paper investigates methodologies for predicting the smear signatures in broadside spotlight synthetic aperture radar imagery collections due to surface targets that are undergoing turning maneuvers. This analysis examines the case of broadside geometry wherein the radar moves with constant speed and heading on a level flight path. This investigation concentrates moving target smear issues that yield some defocus in the range direction, although much smaller in magnitude than the motion induced smearing in the radar cross-range direction. This paper focuses on the case of a target that executes a turning maneuver during the SAR collection interval. The SAR simulations are shown to give excellent agreement between the moving target signatures and the predicted shapes of the central contours.
2D Material Based Electro-Absorption Modulator in Si Photonics

Here, we demonstrate an efficient electro-absorption modulator (EAM) based on few-layered MoTe 2 into a silicon photonics platform for the 1st time. The modulator exhibits an extinction ratio of ∼0.1dB/m at 1310 nm.
Abstract P07: Inhibition of androgen-regulated TMPRSS2 and lipogenic enzymes in prostate and lung carcinoma cell lines by a cisplatin prodrug

The main causative agent for the global pandemic of COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Developing therapeutic strategies to stop the virus is the hour of need. According to the recent clinical reports, it is seen that an androgen-regulated host cell serine protease TMPRSS2 acts on the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus which interacts with the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and enters the host cell to cause the infection. Reports also suggest that TMPRSS2 is regulated by androgen present in prostate cells and it is highly expressed in PCa patients. Our lab has recently synthesized a new cisplatin prodrug which is a conjugate of lauric acid and cisplatin that potentially works very effectively in various androgen dependent and independent prostate cancer (PCa) cells. The cisplatin prodrug unlike other conventional platinum drugs is involved in inhibition of one of the major metabolic pathways of the PCa cells. Preliminary results show that, the prodrug in combination with the anti-androgen bicalutamide has an increased inhibition on the expression of TMPRSS2 in androgen dependent PCa and lung carcinoma cells along with down-regulation of some the lipogenic enzymes in-vitro. Here, we propose that the prodrug inhibits one of the mitochondrial metabolic pathways making the PCa cells sensitive towards cisplatin-based chemotherapy along with reducing the expression of TMPRSS2. Once completed, our work will provide an inside story of cisplatin prodrug mediated alteration of lipogenesis of cells in PCa tumor microenvironment resulting in a platform that has the potential to reduce the burden of cancer aggressiveness in both androgen dependent and independent PCa and also can be used as a potent chemotherapeutic agent against COVID-19. Citation Format: Subham Guin, Bapurao Surnar, Uttara Basu, Shanta Dhar. Inhibition of androgen-regulated TMPRSS2 and lipogenic enzymes in prostate and lung carcinoma cell lines by a cisplatin prodrug [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2021 Feb 3-5. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(6_Suppl):Abstract nr P07.
Effects of Water Extract of Erigeron canadensis L.on Seed Germination of Plant

[Objective] The paper was to explore the effect of water extract of Erigeron canadensis L.on seed germination of plant.[Method] Using constant temperature culture method,the effects of water extracts of root,stem and leaf from E.canadensis on seed germination of 14 kinds of test plants(crops and weeds) were studied.[Result] Water extracts of root,stem and leaf from E.canadensis had obvious restraining effect on seed germination of test plants.The water extract of leaves had the strongest restraining effect,which could completely restrain the seed germination of Crepis tectorum L.,Amaranthus tricolor L.and Chrysanthemum coronarium L.under the lower concentrations of 0.050 g/ml and 0.075 g/ml,and completely restrain seed germination of all the plants under the concentration of 0.400 g/ml except for Zea maize L.and Allium fistulosum L.;followed by water extract of stems,and the water extract of roots had the lowest the restraining effect,except for completely restraining seed germination of Lycopersicum esculentum L.under the concentration of 0.300 g/ml,it still could not completely restrain seed germination of the other plants under the highest concentration of 0.500 g/ml.The restraining effect of water extract of E.canadensis on seed germination of plants had obvious selectivity,which had more obvious effect on dicotylidon than monocotyledon.[Conclusion] The study provided reference for screening and utilization of allelochemicals of E.canadensis and study on its allelopathy mechanism.
GPR84 Is Essential for the Taste of Medium Chain Saturated Fatty Acids.

The ability of mammalian taste cells to respond to fatty acids (FAs) has garnered significant attention of late and has been proposed to represent a sixth primary taste. With few exceptions, studies on FA taste have centered exclusively on polyunsaturated FAs, most notably on linoleic acid. In the current study, we have identified an additional FA receptor, GPR84, in the gustatory system that responds to the medium chains saturated FAs (MCFAs) in male mice. GPR84 ligands activate both Type II and Type III taste cells in calcium imaging and patch clamp recording assays. MCFAs depolarize and lead to a rise in intracellular free [Ca2+] in mouse taste cells in a concentration-dependent fashion and the relative ligand specificity in taste cells is consistent with the response profile of GPR84 expressed in a heterologous system. A systemic Gpr84-/- mouse model reveals a specific deficit in both the neural (via chorda tympani recording) and behavioral responses to administration of oral MCFAs compared to wild type mice. Together, we show that the peripheral taste system can respond to an additional class of FAs, the saturated FAs, and that the cognate receptor necessary for this ability is GPR84. Significance Statement Recognition of fatty acids by taste receptor cells in the oral cavity has been suggested to underlie the taste cue for dietary fat. In vitro and in vivo studies in both animal models and humans supports the notion fat may represent an additional taste primer. However, virtually all these studies have focused on the ability of polyunsaturated fatty acids, like linoleic acid, to activate taste pathways. We have identified GPR84 in the taste system that underlies the ability of mice to recognize and respond to medium chain saturated fatty acids. The ability to sense the taste of saturated fats may be important for controlling the intake of this class of fats whose intake is a greater concern for human health.
Parent stress and coping trajectories in Hispanic and non-Hispanic families of children at risk of autism spectrum disorder

Significant disparities exist between Hispanic and non-Hispanic families in time-to-diagnosis among children identified as at risk of autism spectrum disorder; yet, little is known about parent exp...
Integrated Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, Compromise Programming, and ε-Constraint Method For Multicriteria Performance-Based Transportation Budget Allocation:

This paper introduces a new method for multicriteria performance-based transportation budget allocation. First, the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI) that has long been used in economics for measuri...
Fascial plane mapping for superficial tumor resection in dogs. Part II: Forelimb.

Objective To detail the qualitative fascial categories and fascial intersections of the forelimb of the dog to facilitate preoperative planning for superficial cancers. Study design Qualitative anatomical study. Sample population Three male and four female mixed breed canine cadavers weighing approximately 20-35 kg. Methods The skin and subcutaneous fat were excised. Fascial planes were incised and elevated to allow exploration of their quality and borders. Fascia was categorized as type I (discrete sheets), type II (tightly adhered to thin muscles), type III (tightly adhered to thick muscles), or type IV (associated with periosteum). Photographs of specimens were digitally modified with overlays to map tissue types. Results Differences between the cadavers used were largely based on muscle mass and sex, with minimal other subjective differences affecting fascial mapping. The fasciae of the forelimb were largely type II or type III, with type I fascia at the antebrachium and type IV fascia at the olecranon, scapular spine, and accessory carpal bone. Fascial integrity was often questionable or lacking distal to the distal quarter of the antebrachium. Conclusion The fascial types and integrity of the forelimb varied with anatomic location with thin or absent fascia for surgical use at the elbow, carpus, and manus. Clinical significance This study provides information for preoperative planning and excision of superficial tumors of the forelimb. Knowledge of the potential limitations of fascia to provide a deep margin may influence selection of treatment modalities.
Lyotropic liquid crystals as templates for advanced materials

Lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) have drawn attention in numerous technical fields as they feature a variety of nanometer-scale structures, processability, and diverse chemical functionality. However, they suffer from poor mechanical properties and thermal stability. Polymerization in LLCs, referred to as LLC templating, is an effective approach to overcome this issue. While the templating approach results in robust mechanical, physical, and thermal properties, retention of the parent LLC structure after polymerization has been a major concern in the field. Therefore, there have been several efforts to introduce new materials and techniques to preserve the native LLC nanostructure after polymerization. In this review, we survey the efforts put in this area along with the applications of the obtained materials from LLC templating, after providing a brief introduction of LLC structures. Moreover, polymerization kinetics in different LLC structures, as a key player in the structure retention, are analyzed. Furthermore, we discuss the outlook of the field and available opportunities.
Genomically Mined Acoustic Reporter Genes Enable In Vivo Monitoring of Tumors and Tumor-Homing Bacteria

A major outstanding challenge in the fields of biological research, synthetic biology and cell-based medicine is the difficulty of visualizing the function of natural and engineered cells noninvasively inside opaque organisms. Ultrasound imaging has the potential to address this challenge as a widely available technique with a tissue penetration of several centimeters and spatial resolution below 100 um. Recently, the first genetically encoded acoustic reporters were developed based on bacterial gas vesicles to link ultrasound signals to molecular and cellular function. However, the properties of these first-generation acoustic reporter genes (ARGs) resulted in limited sensitivity and specificity for imaging in the in vivo context. Here, we describe second-generation ARGs with greatly improved acoustic properties and expression characteristics, identified through a phylogenetic screen of candidate gene clusters from diverse bacteria and archaea. The resulting constructs offer major qualitative and quantitative improvements, including much stronger ultrasound contrast, the ability to produce nonlinear signals distinguishable from background tissue, and stable long-term expression. We demonstrate the utility of these next-generation ARGs by imaging in situ gene expression in mouse models of breast cancer and tumor-homing probiotic bacteria, revealing the unique spatial distributions of tumor growth and colonization by therapeutic cells noninvasively in living subjects.
Evaluation of regional lymph node dissection in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial cancer

Objective: The role of the lymph node dissection (LND) in conjunction with nephroureterectomy (NU) in upper tract urothelial cell carcinoma (UT-UCC) remains undefined. We evaluated the manner in which the LND was applied at NU, the patterns of lymph node (LN) involvement and the preoperative variables that could identify patients at high risk for lymph node metastasis (LNM). Methods: We examined clinical, radiological and pathological records of patients who underwent NU for UT-UCC between 1985 and 2004. The central pathology laboratory reviewed all specimens and graded tumors using the 2002 World Health Organization/International Society of Urologic Pathologists grading system. Results: Of the NU performed in 252 patients for UT-UCC, 105 (42%) were N0, 28 (11%) N+ and 119 (47%) Nx. Some form of LN resection was performed with NU in 53% of patients, with a median of four LN sampled (interquartile range, 2–10). After adjustment for tumor and patient characteristics, surgeon remained a significant predictor of LN resection (P < 0.0005). Of the evaluated variables, suspicious LN on preoperative computed tomography, present in 60% of N+ patients, was the only preoperative variable associated with the pathological finding of LNM (P < 0.0005). Conclusions: LND in patients with UT-UCC is surgeon-dependent. Given the prognostic importance of LN status and the limited accuracy of preoperative staging of the regional LN, surgeons should perform a regional LND at the time of NU.
(E)-3-(4-Heptyl-oxyphen-yl)-1-phenyl-prop-2-en-1-one.

In the title compound, C22H26O2, the aromatic rings are inclined to one another by 8.39 (9)° and the mol­ecule has an E conformation about the C=C bond. In the crystal, mol­ecules stack head-to-tail along the b-axis direction. They are linked by very weak C—H⋯O contacts, forming C(4) chains along [100]. Two chains are linked by a pair of very weak C—H⋯O contacts, enclosing inversion-dimeric R22(8) ring motifs. There are also C—H⋯π inter­actions present, which link the double-stranded chains, forming a two-dimensional network.
Electrochemistry of Coal Slurries II . Studies on Various Experimental Parameters Affecting Oxidation of Coal Slurries

The anodic oxidation of coal slurries has been studied under various experimental conditions. Results obtained from various experiments support the mechanism of the catalytic oxidation of coal slurries by iron (III in solution, followed by the oxidation of reduced iron (II) to iron (III) at the electrode. The oxidation of coal slurries by iron (III) in solution is found to be a first-order process with respect to both reactants, i.e., coal and iron (III), from concentration dependency studies, indicating that the overall reaction may consist of a sequence of one-election transfers. It may also be concluded from various experimental results that the electrolysis reaction proceeds through the sequential formation, first of carbon oxides on the coal surface, and then of carbon dioxide as a final product. Of various catalyst oxidants studied, bromine and cerium (IV) appear to have the largest pseudo first-order catalytic rate constants with 1.1 X 10/sup -3/sec/sup -1/ and 4.1 X 10/sup -4/sec/sup -1/, respectively. Redox potentials of the catalyst pairs appear to be the most important parameter in determining catalytic reaction rates.