cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of Miyamasukashi-yuri (Lilium maculatum Thunb. var. bukosanense), an endemic and endangered species at Mount Buko, Saitama, Japan

Lilium maculatum var. bukosanense, Miyamasukashi-yuri in Japanese, grows endemically in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, and is listed in the Saitama Prefecture Red Data Book as a critically endangered plant. Articles about its genetic diversity and population genetic structure have not been reported. Before it is lost, population genetic studies can provide information for efficient in situ conservation as well as for possible future use in breeding programs. Therefore, we carried out a population genetic study of natural L. maculatum var. bukosanense using chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. In this study, fresh leaves of 46 L. maculatum var. bukosanense individuals were collected from two populations in Mount Buko. By polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of cpDNA, we estimated the maternal origin of individuals sampled. Sixteen cpDNA primer pairs were tested, and only four of them produced clear bands. Twenty-four combinations from these PCR fragments combined with six restriction enzymes were assayed; however, only 18 of them could be digested, producing two to four fragments. All individuals of L. maculatum var bukosanense analyzed were virtually identical for all primer–enzyme combinations. These findings suggest that the maternal origin of the 46 individuals analyzed is close. In addition, we analyzed ISSR markers to provide mainly biparental inheritance. PCR products of five anchored simple sequence repeat primers showed polymorphism, indicating that the individuals sampled were not clones, and thus it appears that they could have been reproduced from seeds. The primers yielded a total of 30 polymorphic bands (i.e. an average of six polymorphic bands per primer). The mean genetic distance and genetic identity values between the populations were 0.032 and 0.97, respectively. These findings suggest that all individuals from both populations are genetically similar. The individuals growing at 1000 m have greater genetic variation than those individuals from 650 m and this could possibly be attributed to altitude. A significant correlation between gene diversity and population size is also reported. From the results presented here some strategies for its in situ and ex situ conservation might be considered.
New heuristics and lower bounds for graph partitioning

Addresses the problem of partitioning the vertex set of an edge-weighted undirected graph into two parts of specified sizes so that the sum of the weights on edges joining vertices in different parts is minimum. The authors report on a new class of algorithms that solve the graph partitioning problem in polynomial time by using low-rank approximations of the connection matrix obtained from principal components analysis. These algorithms also provide a bound on the proximity of the cost of the constructed partition to the optimal cost based on the eigenvalues left out in the rank reduction process. The lower bounds derived are proven to be superior to the Donath-Hoffman lower bound for two significant special cases, wherein either the two part sizes are equal, or the graph connection matrix has equal row-sums. Simulation results for randomly constructed graphs of different sizes are presented. >
Distribution system design enabling renewable energy resource deployment

This is a description of a panel presentation on the subject of enabling renewable energy resources in power distribution systems. The main elements of the presentation relate to: control methods; fault current management; safety considerations; improvement of system reliability; energy management; and infrastructure issues. A discussion of multiobjective management is given, and a hierarchical control infrastructure is proposed for distribution systems with renewable resources.
Molecular Cloning and Functional Analysis of a Human cDNA Encoding an Escherichia Coli AlkB Homolog, a Protein Involved in DNA Alkylation Damage Repair

The Escherichia coli AlkB protein is involved in protecting cells against mutation and cell death induced specifically by SN2-type alkylating agents such as methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). A human cDNA encoding a polypeptide homologous to E.coli AlkB was discovered by searching a database of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) derived from high throughput cDNA sequencing. The full-length human AlkB homolog (hABH) cDNA clone contains a 924 bp open reading frame encoding a 34 kDa protein which is 52% similar and 23% identical to E.coli AlkB. The hABH gene, which maps to chromosome 14q24, was ubiquitously expressed in 16 human tissues examined. When hABH was expressed in E.coli alkB mutant cells partial rescue of the cells from MMS-induced cell death occurred. Under the conditions used expression of hABH in skin fibroblasts was not regulated by treatment with MMS. Our findings show that the AlkB protein is structurally and functionally conserved from bacteria to human, but its regulation may have diverged during evolution.
On the evolution of the annual cycle in the tropical Pacific

Abstract Extraction of the accurate annual cycle in the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature field is addressed as a demonstration of the utility of a new technique called the cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function (CSEOF) analysis. The strength of the annual cycle has fluctuated roughly by 15% in the past 30 yr (1970–99), and this fluctuation includes swings every 4–6 yr. Accurate extraction of the detailed structure and temporal modulation of the annual cycle was owing to the application of CSEOF analysis, the concept of which has been introduced and compared to the conventional EOF analysis.
Embryonic Stem Cells

Stem cells, which have a great capacity for self-renewal and can differentiate into at least one committed cell type, exist in embryonic and adult organisms of many phyla. Although stem cells of various types from mice and other lower organisms have been studied for many years, it was not until the derivation of stem cell lines from human embryos in 1998 (1,2) that the idea of stem cell-based therapies became widespread for the treatment of a range of disorders from Alzheimer’s disease to type I diabetes. Efforts to generate insulin-producing islet cells from murine and human embryonic stem (ES) cells followed the establishment of these ES cell lines. In this review we will discuss the derivation procedures and growth characteristics of ES cell lines from these two species and the status of research to promote their differentiation into cells of the endocrine pancreas lineage.
Neurological changes in brain structure and functions among individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse: A review.

Abstract Objective Review literature focused on neurological associations in brain structure among individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Methodology A review of literature examining physiological irregularities in brain structures of individuals with a history of CSA was conducted. Results Results revealed that a history of CSA was associated with irregularities in the cortical and subcortical regions of the brain. These irregularities have been recognized to contribute to various cognitive, behavioral, and psychological health outcomes later in life. Age of CSA onset was associated with differential neurological brain structures. Conclusion Mental and behavioral health problems such as anxiety, depression, substance abuse, dissociative disorders, and sexual dysfunction are associated with CSA and may persist into adulthood. Research depicting the associations of CSA on neurological outcomes emphasizes the need to examine the biological and subsequent psychological outcomes associated with CSA. Early intervention is imperative for CSA survivors.
Hybrid energy function based real-time optimal wide-area transient stability controller for power system stability

This paper presents a hybrid direct and intelligent method of real-time coordinated wide-area controller for improved power system transient stability. The algorithm is applied as an optimal Wide-Area System-Centric Controller and Observer (WASCCO) based on Adaptive Critic Design (ACD). ACD techniques that uses Reinforcement Learning (RL) could be utilized to approximate the transient energy function by dynamic programming and find the solution to nonlinear optimal control problem. However, such technique is highly dependent on the cost function and its dynamics. A Lyupanov-based energy function that is defined offline and updated in real-time through prony analysis is utilized for this purpose. Results on a two area power system and 68-bus New England New York system shows better response compared to conventional schemes and local power system stabilizers.
Correlation between immunity and clinical outlook in a phase I trial of intranodal injection of a plasmid vaccine in patients with stage IV melanoma

A137 Purpose: Nineteen patients with stage IV melanoma were enrolled in a dose ranging, open label phase I trial of a DNA plasmid vaccine pSEM. The expression vector encompasses T cell epitopes from the differentiation antigen Melan-A/MART-1, including the major epitope 26-35. The endpoints of the trial were safety, tolerability and immune response to Melan-A/MART-1 measured by tetramer assays. Procedure: Patients received multiple infusions of the vaccine four times, every two weeks over 96 hours each in groin lymph nodes. The vaccine doses were 500, 1000 and 1500 micrograms of DNA per infusion. Disease evaluation was performed at 8 weeks after treatment initiation and specific immunity at baseline and at various intervals, by tetramer / CD8 analysis. Immune competence was evaluated by an ex vivo mitogen / ELISPOT test. Results: The vaccine was well tolerated, with only grade I/II toxicity observed and no dose limiting toxicity. Immune responses defined prospectively were seen in 4/19 patients, whereas 5 additonal patients had evidence of pre-existing immunity to Melan-A/MART-1. There was a significant correlation between time to progression (TTP) and Melan-A/MART-1 immunity (pre-existing or induced) in this trial (p=0.029). There was no correlation between TTP and immune competence assayed by ex vivo polyclonal stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In addition, there were no objective clinical responses observed in this trial. Conclusion: The DNA plasmid vaccine pSEM was well tolerated when administered intranodally to patients with stage IV melanoma and demonstrated immunogenicity in a select group of patients. There was a significant correlation between TTP and Melan-A / MART-1 immunity, whether pre-existing or induced, that supports the potential therapeutic value of Melan-A / MART-1 and future attempts to improve on methodologies to immunize against it.
A computerized method for pediatric radiopharmaceutical dose tracking and QA of prescribed versus administered activity

2128 Objectives A computerized system to monitor prescribed and administered radiopharmaceutical doses in pediatric patients to ensure that doses are kept within acceptable limits was developed. Methods All administered doses are entered on a data repository via an intuitive web based user interface. This method is integrated in the technologist’s routine workflow. Each patient is weighed and the tracer dose is calculated individually. The syringe with the dose is measured in the dose calibrator before and after (with any associated tubing) the tracer is administered to the patient. Administered doses are compared to the doses prescribed in our radiopharmaceutical formulary, which indicates minimum, maximum and dose per kilogram of body weight. In addition, information about patient’s weight, radiopharmaceutical, other pharmaceuticals, dose(s) administered, route and time of administration and administering staff are recorded. Results Reports are regularly produced for every radiopharmaceutical doses and reviewed by our QC program to ensure that there are no deviations of administered versus prescribed doses beyond +/- 10%. Any deviations of the prescribed dose range are identified and the reasons for the deviation are documented and easily retrievable. Radiopharmaceutical information is immediately viewable to the physicians at the time of reporting. This method has been in use for over 3 years with optimal results. This approach also provides easy and immediate access to radiopharmaceutical data to reporting physicians. Conclusions This approach provides an integrated, easy and intuitive way to monitor and assure that radiopharmaceutical administered doses in pediatric patients are maintained within the prescribed range.
Ultrasound and nuclear imaging in the neck: Some normal and abnormal findings in the lymph nodes, thyroid glands and parathyroid glands

1011 Learning Objectives Ultrasound (US) and Nuclear Imaging (NM) are powerful techniques for assessing pathology in the neck. Combining them is useful for imaging suspect masses which are sometimes first discovered by NM. These include “cold” thyroid nodules on thyroid scan, “hot” parathyroid tissue on parathyroid scan, and suspect abnormal lymph nodes (LN) on PET-CT. In the thyroid gland, where small abnormalities are common, some US findings are more likely to be associated with malignancy. Aspiration and biopsy of lesions can be guided by US. Additional imaging examples of US parathyroid and lymph node imaging are provided. Some NM physicians may not be fully versed in US assessment of neck pathology. We provide a brief guide of some of the more important uses of US both for diagnosis and for obtaining tissue for pathologic assessment
Propofol, but not etomidate, increases corticosterone levels and induces long-term alteration in hippocampal synaptic activity in neonatal rats

Animal studies provide strong evidence that general anesthetics (GAs), administered during the early postnatal period, induce long-term cognitive and neurological abnormalities. Because the brain growth spurt in rodents is delayed compared to that in humans, a fundamental question is whether the postnatal human brain is similarly vulnerable. Sevoflurane and propofol, GAs that share positive modulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR) function cause marked increase in corticosterone levels and induce long-term developmental alterations in synaptic activity in rodents. If synaptogenesis is affected, investigation of mechanisms of the synaptic effects of GAs is of high interest because synaptogenesis in humans continues for several years after birth. Here, we compared long-term synaptic effects of etomidate with those of propofol. Etomidate and propofol both positively modulate GABAAR activity, but in contrast to propofol, etomidate inhibits the adrenal synthesis of corticosterone. Postnatal day (P) 4, 5, or 6 rats received five injections of etomidate, propofol, or vehicle control during 5h of maternal separation. Endocrine effects of the anesthetics were evaluated by measuring serum levels of corticosterone immediately after anesthesia or maternal separation. The frequency and amplitude of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons were measured at P24-40 and P≥80. Only propofol caused a significant increase in serum corticosterone levels (F(4.26)=17.739, P<0.001). In contrast to increased frequency of mIPSCs in the propofol group (F(4.23)=8.731, p<0.001), mIPSC activity in the etomidate group was not different from that in the vehicle groups. The results of this study together with previously published data suggest that anesthetic-caused increase in corticosterone levels is required for GABAergic GAs to induce synaptic effects in the form of a long-term increase in the frequency of hippocampal mIPSCs.
Imaging Studies of Calsequestrin Structure in Skeletal Muscle. Effects of Calcium Release

Studying Ca2+ release flux and FRAP of fluorescently tagged proteins, Manno et al (this meeting) showed that SR Ca2+ depletion results in impairment of Ca2+ signaling and disassembly of the calsequestrin polymer that fills SR terminal cisternae (TC) in resting myofibers. We sought evidence of depolymerization in images of fluorescence of D4cpV-calsequestrin, a FRET biosensor that targets TC and measures [Ca2+]SR. Vertical (z-) stacks of fluorescence images allowed for identification of subcellular structures (resolution was ca. 0.3 μm in xy and 0.6 μm in z, after deblurring). Depletion was induced by solutions with high K+, 0.5-5 mM chloro-M-cresol (CMC), plus pump inhibitors, and was verified by FRET of D4cpV. Upon depletion, the fluorescence transitioned from a pattern limited to TC to a more diffuse one, consistent with mobilization of calsequestrin away from TC. Fourier analysis of these images showed migration of power away from the fundamental and into the lower harmonics of the power spectrum. Muscles depleted by solutions with 5 mM CMC, imaged by electron microscopy, showed electron-dense content —calsequestrin-- in longitudinal sacs that normally appear empty. These images also showed major changes in membrane structure, which raise the possibility that the high CMC resulted in irreversible changes. After SR depletion by fatiguing tetanic stimulation of intact muscles the fluorescence of D4cpV-calsequestrin redistributed to a lesser extent. This first demonstration of calsequestrin depolymerization in vivo introduces the loss of Ca2+ buffering associated with this change as a previously unrecognized mechanism for functional impairment in muscle fatigue, suggests ways in which calsequestrin could mediate gating control of RyR channels by [Ca2+]SR and justifies disease phenotypes linked to mutations of calsequestrin that prevent its correct polymerization (see poster by Lewis et al, this meeting). Supported by NIGMS/NIH grant GM111254.
Thinking about Cats or Dogs Provides Relief from Social Rejection

ABSTRACTPast research shows that anthropomorphizing animals and nonhuman objects is correlated with unmet social needs (e.g., loneliness), and momentary feelings of social rejection can be soothed by thinking about a pet or by having a dog nearby. The current work tested whether thinking of names for cats and dogs improves wellbeing after social rejection, as well as whether this phenomenon occurs because of a unique quality of animals or because of anthropomorphism more generally. In three studies, participants relived a past experience of social rejection, social acceptance, or a physical injury (a control condition), after which they reported their current wellbeing. Next, participants named either cats or dogs (studies 1, 2, 3), people (study 2), or plastic toys (study 3) before reporting their current wellbeing for a second time. Across all three studies, naming cats or dogs reduced feelings of social rejection. Naming anthropomorphic plastic toys, however, produced a similar effect. To test the role...
Phase II multiclinic study of elantrine in parkinsonism

A cooperative controlled study comparing elantrine with trihexyphenidyl and a baseline placebo period demonstrates definite lessening of tremor severity during elan trine treatment and a statistically significantly greater reduction in tremor compared to trihexyphenidyl. Effectiveness in alleviating rigidity and akinesia was less but similar to trihexyphenidyl.
Diffuse Optical Tomogtaphy of Large Joints: A Phantom Study

We present a phantom study to show the ability of diffuse optical tomography for imaging the optical properties of the ‘articular cartilage’ in large ‘joints’.
Effect of selected light treatments on pineal weight and lipid content in the cockerel (Gallus domesticus).

Abstract The effect of early and prolonged exposure of growing cockerels to selected photoperiods and wavelengths of light on pineal gland weight and lipid composition was investigated. The six treatments included 14L:10D white (control), 24L:0D white , 0L:24D dark, and 14L:10D narrow-band blue, green, or red light. Pineal gland fresh and dry weights were greatest under the white light treatment and least under the dark and red treatments. Examination of histological preparations and biochemical analysis both indicated that the absence of light depleted pineal lipid. When expressed as a percent of dry tissue weight, lipid from the colored light treatments was significantly greater than from the control. We conclude that both the photoperiod and the wavelength of light are capable of influencing pineal gland lipid metabolism in the cockerel.
An experimental investigation of spiral vortex breakdown

This paper presents experimental results for spiral vortex breakdown induced by flow obstructions. The study concentrated on describing the geometry of the vortex-breakdown structure and quantifying the flow velocities and pressure fields in which the breakdown occurred. When non-dimensionalized properly by the local velocity and the breakdown-structure diameter, the non-dimensional vortex strength is shown to be a single value for all breakdown conditions studied. This result, obtained for breakdown induced by various obstruction configurations, reinforces the geometric compatibility condition for vortex breakdown developed in a previous study for breakdown over delta wings.
Low-lying levels in /sup 76/Br

Gamma rays from the reaction /sup 76/Se(p,n..gamma..) /sup 76/Br were observed at proton energies between 5.80 and 6.50 MeV. A total of 35 ..gamma.. rays were assigned to transitions in /sup 76/Br. A level scheme involving 15 levels up to an excitation energy of 616.3 keV was deduced from threshold measurements, energy sume, and ..gamma..-..gamma.. coincidence studies. These results have solved disagreements between two previous experiments involving the ..beta.. decay of /sup 76/Kr. Previously unreported levels have been assigned at 495.4, 505.0, 527.5, and 548.0 keV.
Influence of a Novel Oxy-Halogen Compound on Early Growth and Nitrogen Retention of Broiler Chickens Challenged with Salmonella

Abstract The potential of a novel oxy-halogen compound (OHC) to alter early growth and nitrogen retention of broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella was evaluated. Three hundred and twenty female broiler chicks (Arbor Acres × Arbor Acres) were weighed and distributed randomly within a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement of treatments. Main effects examined were the presence or absence of Salmonella typhimurium (ST) inoculation and OHC treatment. At hatching, 80 chicks were placed in electrically heated brooder batteries in each of four identical isolation rooms. Chicks designated to receive 100 μL of an oral inoculum containing 105 ST cfu at 3 days of age were in two of the rooms, and uninoculated chicks were raised in the other two rooms. Four replicates of 10 chicks each received drinking water containing either 0, .05, .1, or .5% OHC for each level of ST. Chicks administered .05% OHC exhibited enhanced (P ≤ .01) growth at 7 and 14 days of age when compared with control values. A significant OHC by ST interaction was observed at 7 (P ≤ .0001) and 14 (P ≤ .03) days of age. Feed utilization was improved (P ≤ .01) by OHC administration (.05 and .1%) from hatching to 7 days of age. The administration of OHC reduced (P ≤ .01) nitrogen excretion and enhanced (P ≤ .01) nitrogen retention by chicks at Day 7. Cecal ST log10 counts at 7 days of age for chicks given water containing 0, .05, or .1% OHC were 4.72, 3.93, and 3.74, respectively. Oral administration of .05 and .1% OHC enhanced the performance of neonatal chickens.
Automation of Hole-Cutting for Overset Grids Using the X-rays Approach

Overset grids resolve complicated geometries by creating high quality structured grids that are independently built for each component. This simpli es the process of grid generation, but domain connectivity must be performed so that adjacent grids share information. Shortcomings of the current X-rays method for the hole-cutting step of domain connectivity were explored to automate the X-rays approach to create minimum holecuts around geometric components. Open surfaces of geometric components were automatically closed by Delaunay triangulation on a projected plane. A form tting membrane surface was created through Laplacian smoothing. Determination of grid points to be cut by each X-ray was automated. Tighttting oriented bounding boxes were introduced to enable the above methods.
On the reversal by (+) and (-)-propranolol of irreversible α-adrenoceptor blockade in rabbit aorta

Summary (+)- and (−)-Propranolol were equally effective in producing an apparent reversal of α-adrenoceptor blockade produced by a number of irreversible α-adrenoceptor antagonists in rabbit aortic strips: MJ 1999 was ineffective. Propranolol also partly relieved the apparent desensitization produced by high concentrations of norepinephrine. These results indicate that β-antagonist reversal of irreversible α-adrenoceptor antagonism is not attributable to a shift in the relative availability of α- and β-adrenoceptors or to displacement of antagonist from the α-adrenoceptor.
No evidence for long-term facilitation after episodic hypoxia in spontaneously breathing, anesthetized rats

Repeated electrical or hypoxic stimulation of peripheral chemoreceptors has been shown to cause a persistent poststimulus increase in respiratory motoneuron activity, termed long-term facilitation (LTF). LTF after episodic hypoxia has been demonstrated most consistently in anesthetized, vagotomized, paralyzed, artificially ventilated rats. Evidence for LTF in spontaneously breathing animals and humans after episodic hypoxia is equivocal and may have been influenced by the awake state of the subjects in these studies. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that LTF is evoked in respiratory-related tongue muscle and inspiratory pump muscle activities after episodic hypoxia in 10 spontaneously breathing, anesthetized, vagotomized rats. The animals were exposed to three (5-min) episodes of isocapnic hypoxia, separated by 5 min of hyperoxia (50% inspired oxygen). Genioglossus, hyoglossus, and inspiratory intercostal EMG activities, along with respiratory-related tongue movements and esophageal pressure, were recorded before, during, and for 60 min after the end of episodic isocapnic hypoxia. We found no evidence for LTF in tongue muscle (genioglossus, hyoglossus) or inspiratory pump muscle (inspiratory intercostal) activities after episodic hypoxia. Rather, the primary poststimulus effect of episodic hypoxia was diminished respiratory frequency, which contributed to a reduction in ventilatory drive.
Head Injury: Outcome in 4 Regional Head Injury Centers Preliminary Report

On January 1, 1984, four neurosurgical centers, in cooperation with the Biometry and Field Studies Branch of the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, began a prospective study of traumatic coma. The major objective of this study was to gather a large body of time-oriented data on patients suffering severe head injury. Basic issues such as the importance of prehospital care, the nature and types of complications occurring during the critical-care phase, and overall outcome from head injury in these regions were studied.
Transient Finite Element Analysis of Elastoplastic Fiber Reinforced Composites

The mixture theory proposed by Murakami and Hegemier [1] is applied to the transient dynamic analysis of elastoplastic fiber reinforced composites. The model is based on the two scale-asymptotic expansions as described by Bensoussan, Lions and Papanicolaou [2], and Sanchez-Palencia [3]. Equations of motion are obtained from the principle of virtual work, while the appropriate incremental constitutive equations are deduced from Reissner’s [4] mixed variational principle. The finite element method is used for the spatial discretization. The resulting semi-discrete equations of motion are then integrated using the explicit method. The fibers are assumed elastic, while the matrix obeys a von Mises yield criterion with linear hardening. A semi-infinite fiber reinforced composite under a step pressure is considered. Stress profiles show the dispersive nature of the waves in the composite.
Proton transfer in acetaldehyde-water clusters mediated by a single water molecule

Proton transfer in aqueous media is a ubiquitous process, occurring in acid-base chemistry, biology, and in atmospheric photochemistry. Photoionization mass spectrometry coupled with theoretical calculations demonstrate that a relay-type proton transfer mechanism is operational for single-water-molecule-assisted proton transfer between two acetaldehyde molecules in the gas phase. Threshold photoionization of acetaldehyde-water clusters leads to proton transfer between the formyl groups (-CH[double bond, length as m-dash]O) of one acetaldehyde molecule to another, and the subsequent formation of cationic moieties. Density functional theory computations reveal several plausible pathways of proton transfer in mixed cluster cations. Among these pathways, water-mediated proton transfer is energetically favored. Mass spectra and photoionization efficiency curves confirm these theoretical findings and also demonstrate the increased stability of cluster cations where acetaldehyde molecules are symmetrically bonded to the hydronium ion.
Storying a white teacher

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the experience of a white teacher to attain greater understanding of racial identities, especially whiteness, and reconsider the current understandings of whiteness and whiteness pedagogy. The author argues that notions of whiteness are social constructions, and that reconstructions of conventional understandings of whiteness could provide more nuanced understandings of whiteness that might facilitate more sophisticated considerations of how race and whiteness continue to influence schooling practices. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses autoethnography, a version of narrative inquiry, to consider issues related to the intersection of whiteness and education. The author recounts, reflects on and interprets a body of experiential knowledge to illuminate the experience of being a white teacher in both a racially diverse school and one that was more homogeneously white. These experiences are interpreted and placed in the context of scholarly work to frame an argument regarding a more sophisticated conceptualization of whiteness and its position in efforts toward inclusive and mutli-cultural education. Findings This paper closes with the argument that whiteness needs to be troubled and understood in more sophisticated ways than a traditional white privilege framework has allowed and accounted for directly in school settings in the USA. Originality/value This paper is original and valuable, mostly because it uses narrative to share the unique and complex experience of a white teacher who attempted to account for and consider the presence of whiteness over the 30 years in his career.
Design of Molecular Crystals: Supramolecular Synthons

In this article, we first discuss some of the challenges associated with predictable supramolecular synthesis and highlight useful methods for exploring and utilizing existing crystallographic data such as the Cambridge Structural Database, IsoStar, and hydrogen-bond propensities. The outcome of these cheminformatics-based approaches is robust supramolecular synthetic strategies based on tunable site-specific intermolecular interactions that facilitate the preparation of cocrystals and specific solid-state motifs via selective and hierarchical self-assembly. We have also examined how key hydrogen- and halogen-bonded homo- and heterosynthons can be employed in the directed assembly of extended supramolecular architectures. An analysis of these synthons in the context of both geometric and electrostatic considerations has led to an advancement in the synthesis of higher-order molecular crystals, including the sequential design of even four- and five-component assemblies.
Considerations for Implementing an IP-Based, Video Assessment and Surveillance System

The flexibility gained in moving from an analog video system to a digital video system is immeasurable, and the onslaught of new IP-addressable cameras and recording solutions has given security system designers an endless set of options for migrating to a digital video system. Video can be brought up and viewed by any authorized user on the security network, and adding new devices is as easy as plugging them into the security network. However, the change to an IP-based framework also leads to a completely different set of considerations - what kind of bandwidth does the network infrastructure need in order to handle all the video streaming across it? How do you integrate an IP video system into the rest of a physical security system (including entry control, command, control, and communication)? This paper will address these considerations, among others, to help guide security system designers in determining the type of video system best suited for their applications
To what end a paper on the history of the concept of the chaîne opératoire? A response to Audouze et al.

Following my original paper on the history of the concept of the chaine operatoire, Audouze and some colleagues responded by accusing me of being biased and defamatory in my expose. In my response ...
Soft Tissue Sarcoma and Possible Eosinophilic Leukemia in a Tiger Salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum

ABSTRACT An adult male tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum, of unknown age presented with an expanding mass on the dorsum. The mass was surgically removed, and the wound was allowed to heal by second intention. The granulating area was kept protected by a Nexaband bandage, which was reapplied approximately every seven days. The resected mass was examined histopathologically and was interpreted as a soft tissue sarcoma. In addition, a peripheral blood smear taken at the time of surgery revealed a marked eosinophilia with a shift towards immaturity, consistent with an eosinophilic leukemia, or a marked reactive eosinophilia such as that seen in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. The animal recovered well from the surgery and by two months, post-operatively the wound had completely healed. However, tumor recurrence was evident, and by six months after the surgery the tumor had regrown to its original size. Eight months post-operatively the salamander was euthaninized due to copious hemorrhage from the u...
A History of Appalachian Coal Mines

This portion of the study discusses the social and economic antecedents of today's Appalachian coal industry. The time covered includes from pre-history up to the date of the study (1972).
Hyperventilation and Psychopathology

Hyperventilation often plays an important role in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders. Given the high frequency of incorrect breathing patterns in the adult population (Lum, 1976), attention to the symptoms of hyperventilation should be a routine part of every psychological examination, regardless of the specific presenting complaints. Faulty breathing patterns affect patients differently. They may be the central problem, directly bringing on the pathological symptoms; they may magnify, exacerbate, or maintain symptoms brought on by other causes; or they may be involved in peripheral problems that must be ameliorated before psychotherapeutic access is gained to the core treatment targets. Their manifestations may be direct and obvious, as when overbreathing leads to a panic attack, or they may initiate or maintain subtle symptoms that perpetuate an entire personality disorder. Diagnosis of hyperventilatory conditions is crucial.
Error Recovery in Multi-Version Software

Abstract In multi-version software, design faults in versions are tolerated through comparison of results from several diverse versions. Since all versions are likely to contain some design faults, it is necessary to have recovery and reconfiguration mechanisms that are able to recover these versions as they fail. Community Error Recovery, an error recovery algorithm for multi-version software, has been designed and implemented on the UCLA DEDIX system. It consists of two levels: the cc-point level is responsible for local error recovery and the recovery point level is responsible for global error recovery. Recovery of failed versions is achieved through the injection of "consensus" data values supplied by the decision algorithm of the MVS system. The provision of two levels minimizes both the disturbance to the system and the restrictions to the implementation of diverse versions. Markov models have been developed to evaluate the reliability of multi-version software running on DEDIX with and without Community Error Recovery.
Molecular Pathology of Squamous Carcinomas of the Esophagus

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a form of cancer that has varying incidence rates among different countries, distinct geographic areas, and different ethnic groups. This malignancy has a multifactorial etiology involving environmental, dietary, and genetic factors. Tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, low intake of fruits and vegetables, and low socioeconomic status are some of the factors that contribute to increased risk of ESCC. Several studies have been undertaken regarding the molecular alterations associated with esophageal carcinogenesis. Despite a better understanding of the risk factors and the molecular and cellular derangements associated with ESCC, the clinical treatment has not changed significantly in recent years, and long-term survival from esophageal cancer remains poor. This chapter provides a conceptual basis for evaluating studies on the risks and the molecular mechanisms underlying esophageal squamous cell carcinogenesis and for devising therapeutic and preventive strategies to reduce the mortality of ESCC.
Marine biological reference materials for methylmercury: analytical methodologies used in certification

The methylmercury concentrations in three existing marine biological certified reference materials — TORT-1, DORM-1 and DOLT-1 — are determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detection, cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after selective isolation of methylmercury. Two such procedures were used. These and the three analytical techniques are evaluated and compared. The certified methylmercury concentrations are: TORT-1, 0.128 ± 0.014; DORM-1, 0.731±0.060; and DOLT-1, 0.080 ± 0.011 Μg Hg/g dry weight.
Vortex tubes, spirals, and large-eddy simulation of turbulence

Progress in the quantitative modelling of turbulence using vortex-based models of the fine scales is reviewed. Recent work on the calculation of the spectrum of a passive scalar convecting and diffusing within a stretched-spiral vortex is briefly described. This is followed by a discussion of the application of ideas from the study of the vortex structure of the small scales of turbulence to the development of subgrid models for the large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent flows at large Reynolds numbers. Examples are given including the LES of rotating and non-rotating plane channel flow and of the mixing of a passive scalar by forced isotropic turbulence.
Adaptive virtual reality-based training: a systematic literature review and framework

Virtual reality (VR) provides the capability to train individuals to deal with complex situations by immersing them in a virtual environment. VR-based training has been used in many domains; however, in order to be effective, the training should be adapted based on user’s capabilities, performance, and needs. This study provided a framework for adaptive VR-based training including performance measures, adaptive logic, and adaptive variables. A systematic review of literature was conducted using Compendex, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases to identify the adaptive VR-based training approaches used in different domains. Results revealed that adaptive VR-based training can be improved by using real-time kinematic/kinetic data and physiological measures from the user, incorporating offline measures such as trainee’s profile information, providing adaptations on controlled elements in the simulation, adjusting feedback content, type, and timing, and using reinforcement learning algorithms. The recommendations provided in this study need to be further validated using longitudinal studies comparing adaptive and non-adaptive training approaches.
Predictors of 30-day readmission and resource utilization after thoracic endovascular aortic repair.

Objectives The introduction and expansion of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) have revolutionized the treatment of a variety of thoracic aortic diseases. We sought to evaluate the incidence, causes, predictors and costs associated with 30-day readmission after TEVAR in a nationally representative cohort. Methods Adult patients undergoing isolated TEVAR were identified in the National Readmissions Database from 2010 to 2014. Hospital costs were estimated by converting individual hospital charge data adjusted to 2014 consumer price indices. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to determine hospital- and patient-level factors associated with readmissions. Results A total of 24 983 TEVARs were noted during the study period; the average age of the patients was 65 ± 16 years; 40% were women. The most common indication was an intact thoracic aneurysm (43.5%), followed by aortic dissection (30.5%). The average cost of the index admission was $63 644 ± $52 312; the average hospital stay was 11 ± 14 days; the index mortality rate was 6.7%. Readmissions within 30 days occurred in 17.4% of patients. Indications for readmission were varied; the most common aetiologies were cardiac (17.8%), infectious (16.0%) and pulmonary (12.1%). On multivariable analysis, the strongest predictor of readmission was the diagnosis, with a ruptured thoraco-abdominal aneurysm having the highest readmission burden (adjusted odds ratio 2.23, 1.17-4.24; P = 0.015). Notably, hospital volume did not predict index hospital length of stay, costs or 30-day readmissions (all P > 0.10). Conclusions Annual TEVAR volume was not associated with any of the outcomes assessed. Rather, indication for TEVAR was the strongest predictor for many outcomes. As TEVAR becomes increasingly utilized, a focus on cardiac and vascular diseases may reduce readmissions and improve quality of care.
The copper chaperone Atox1 is involved in the intracellular sequestration of cisplatin

5631 The role of copper (Cu) in the etiology of cancer is widely recognized and recent findings link the expression of Cu transporters directly to the development of resistance to platinum drugs particularly cisplatin (DDP). The Cu chaperone Atox1 is essential for the efflux of Cu and is known to exchange Cu with the importer Ctr1 and the exporters Atp7a and Atp7b. We studied the uptake, efflux and Pt-DNA adduct formation in fibroblast cell lines from Atox1-/- transgenic and wild type (Atox1+/+) mice following 24 h exposure to 2 µM DDP and performed parallel experiments with 64Cu to define the mechanisms by which Atox1 contributes to the intracellular transport of DDP (all values are mean ± SEM). The whole cell accumulation of DDP in the Atox1-/- cells was reduced to 62% of that in the Atox1+/+ cells (167.03 ± 18.15 and 103.32 ± 23.41 picomol/mg protein (p = 0.03) in the Atox1+/+ and Atox1-/- cells, respectively). In contrast, following a 24 h exposure to 2 µM 64Cu the Cu level was 86% higher in the Atox1-/- than in the Atxo1+/+ cells (174.02 ± 3.73 and 324.45 ± 16.00 picomol /mg protein in the Atox1+/+ and Atox1-/- cells, respectively (p = 0.00001)). Efflux of DDP was similar in the 2 cell lines but that of 64Cu was more rapid in the Atox1+/+ cells (p= 0.05). At the end of a 60 min efflux period 44.68 ± 0.91% of the 64Cu remained in the Atox1+/+ cells whereas 82.74 ± 11.50 % persisted in the Atox1-/- cells The extent of Pt-DNA adduct formation in the Atox1-/- cells was only 55% of that in the Atox1+/+ cells (18.77 ± 5.50 and 34.38 ± 6.72 and picomol/mg DNA, p
Incidental Thyroid Nodules Found During Acute Stroke Angiography: Prevalence, Outcomes, and Suggested Management Guidelines:

Objective:In stroke patients, extensive interventions for incidental thyroid nodules can be burdensome and costly. It appears that the risk of malignancy has not been reported in angiographically d...
mmFlow: Facilitating At-Home Spirometry with 5G Smart Devices

Respiratory diseases, like Asthma, COPD, have been a significant public health challenge over decades. Portable spirometers are effective in continuous monitoring of respiratory syndromes out-of-clinic. However, existing systems are either costly or provide limited information and require extra hardware. In this paper, we present mmFlow, a low-barrier means to perform at-home spirometry tests using 5G smart devices. mmFlow works like regular spirometers, where a user forcibly exhales onto a device; but instead of relying on special-purpose hardware, mmFlow leverages built-in millimeter-wave technology in general-purpose, ubiquitous mobile devices. mmFlow analyzes the tiny vibrations created by the airflow on the device surface and combines wireless signal processing with deep learning to enable a software-only spirometry solution. From empirical evaluations, we find that, when device distance is fixed, mmFlow can predict the spirometry indicators with performance comparable to inclinic spirometers with <5% prediction errors. Besides, mmFlow generalizes well under different environments and human conditions, making it promising for out-of-clinic daily monitoring.
Finite Element Investigation of Thermal-kinetic-mechanical Evolutions during Laser Powder Deposition as an Innovative Technique for Rail Repair

Utilization of laser powder deposition (LPD) as an innovative repair tool for damaged steel components is increasingly growing in recent years. This paper investigates repairing a standard US light rail using LPD. No study has focused on repairing standard US rails thus far. Besides, this is the first time that a three-dimensional finite element model is developed where element-birth-and-kill technique is employed to study thermal-kinetic-mechanical evolutions during the LPD rail repair process. Exploration of hardness versus microstructure yielded a reverse correlation between hardness level and austenite volume fraction. The maximum hardness was found near rail-deposition interface with the minimum austenite concentration, while the topmost deposition layer with the highest austenite concentration showed the minimum hardness. Longitudinal residual stresses at the rail-deposition interface were significantly more than that of transversal and normal. Comparing the residual stress against deposition material yield strength showed a slight exceedance (~5%) of transversal stress from the maximum limit, no exceedance for normal stress, but an extreme exceedance of 50% for longitudinal stress. This fact suggested a high risk of cracking along longitudinal direction at the rail-deposition interface, while there existed only a minor risk of transversal cracking and almost no chance of layer delamination. The simulated results were compared against experimental results obtained via optical and scanning electron microscopy, hardness test, and X-ray diffraction stress measurement, where a maximum deviation of 10% proved the model accuracy. The validated model in this study would be a great backbone for future studies on different process parameters to increase hardness and reduce stress in an LPD repaired rail.