cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Fragility of the A -type AF and CE phases of manganites: Insulator-to-metal transition induced by quenched disorder

Using Monte Carlo simulations and the two ${e}_{\mathrm{g}}$-orbital model for manganites, the stability of the CE and $A$-type antiferromagnetic insulating states is analyzed when quenched disorder in the superexchange ${J}_{\mathrm{AF}}$ between the ${t}_{2\mathrm{g}}$ localized spins and in the on-site energies is introduced. At vanishing or small values of the electron-(Jahn-Teller) phonon coupling, the previously hinted ``fragility'' of these insulating states is studied in detail, focusing on their charge transport properties. This fragility is here found to induce a rapid transition from the insulator to a (poor) metallic state upon the introduction of disorder. A possible qualitative explanation is presented based on the close proximity in energy of ferromagnetic metallic phases, and also on percolative ideas valid at large disorder strength. The scenario is compared with previously discussed insulator-to-metal transitions in other contexts. This particularly severe effect of disorder must be present in other materials as well, in cases involving phases that arise as a compromise between very different tendencies, as it probably occurs with striped states in the cuprates.
Persistent Clinical Impact of Cytomegalovirus in Organ Transplantation

In 1979, Henry Balfour termed cytomegalovirus (CMV) the "troll of transplantation" for the way CMV unwittingly sneaks up on a successful transplant recipient and either precipitates one of its many indirect effects or directly harms the patient [1]. Although we have decreased, rather dramatically, the clinical impact of CMV on organ transplantation [2, 3], with dramatic improvement in patient and graft survival, we know that CMV infection and disease still occur, as is nicely illustrated in the article by San Juan et al. [4] in this issue of the Clinical Infectious Diseases.
Impact of Childhood Parental Abuse and Neglect on Sleep Problems in Old Age

Objectives. This study examined whether subjective sleep complaints in late adulthood were associated with childhood parental abuse and neglect and whether the association was mediated by current relationship strain and emotional distress. Methods. Multiple regression analyses were performed on data from 877 older adults aged 60 years and above from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States. Adverse childhood experiences were retrospectively recalled at Time 1 (1995–1996). Sleep complaints, relationship strain, and emotional distress were assessed at Time 2 (2004–2006). Results. Early parental emotional abuse was significantly associated with more sleep complaints in old age. Unsup portive interactions with family, friends, significant others, and emotional distress partially explained the association. Discussion. Parental emotional abuse in childhood hindered the development of supportive social relationships later in life, which was associated with more emotional distress, and exerted a negative influence on subjective sleep quality among older adults. Future research should examine other underlying mechanisms that explain the contribution of human attachment to sleep across the lifespan.
Diverse self-association properties within a family of phage packaging RNAs.

The packaging RNA (pRNA) found in phi29 bacteriophage is an essential component of a molecular motor that packages the phage's DNA genome. The pRNA forms higher-order multimers by intermolecular “kissing” interactions between identical molecules. The phi29 pRNA is a proven building block for nanotechnology and a model to explore the rare phenomenon of naturally occurring RNA self-association. Although the self-association properties of the phi29 pRNA have been extensively studied and this pRNA is used in nanotechnology, the characteristics of phylogenetically related pRNAs with divergent sequences are comparatively underexplored. These diverse pRNAs may lend new insight into both the rules governing RNA self-association and for RNA engineering. Therefore, we used a combination of biochemical and biophysical methods to resolve ambiguities in the proposed secondary structures of pRNAs from M2, GA1, SF5, and B103 phage, and to discover that different naturally occurring pRNAs form multimers of different stoichiometry and thermostability. Indeed, the M2 pRNA formed multimers that were particularly thermostable and may be more useful than phi29 pRNA for many applications. To determine if diverse pRNA behaviors are conferred by different kissing loop sequences, we designed and tested chimeric RNAs based on our revised secondary structural models. We found that although the kissing loops are essential for self-association, the critical determinant of multimer stability and stoichiometry is likely the diverse three-way junctions found in these RNAs. Using known features of RNA three-way junctions and solved structures of phi29 pRNA's junction, we propose a model for how different junctions affect self-association.
Nitrogen limitation in a sweetgum plantation: implications for carbon allocation and storage

The N status of temperate forests is closely linked to their C fluxes, and altered C or N availability may affect ecosystem C storage through changes in forest production and C allocation. We proposed that increased fine-root produc- tion previously observed in a sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) forest in response to elevated (CO2) was a physiolog- ical response to N limitation. To examine this premise, we fertilized plots in the sweetgum plantation adjacent to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory free-air CO2-enrichment (FACE) experiment. We hypothesized that N fertilization would in- crease sweetgum net primary production, leaf (N), and the relative flux of C to wood production. Annual additions of 200 kgha -1 of N as urea increased soil N availability, which increased stand net primary production, stand N uptake, and N requirement by about one-third. Increased leaf (N) and leaf area production in the fertilized plots increased stem produc- tion and shifted relative flux of C to wood production. We conclude that sweetgum production on this site is limited by soil N availability and a decreased fraction of net primary production in fine-root production with N addition is consistent with the premise that increased fine-root production in the adjacent FACE experiment is in response to N limitation. Resume´ : Le statut en N des forets temperees est etroitement lieau flux de C et une modification de la disponibiliteen C ou N peut affecter l'immobilisation de C dans l'ecosysteme par le biais de changements dans la productivitede la forete t de l'allocation en C. Nous croyons que l'augmentation de la production de racines fines dejaobservee dans une foretd e copalme d'Amerique (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) ala suite d'une augmentation de la concentration en CO2 constitue une reaction physiologique aune limitation en N. Pour verifier cette premisse, nous avons fertilisedes parcelles d'une planta- tion de copalme d'Amerique adjacente au dispositif experimental de Oak Ridge sur l'enrichissement en CO2 a l'air libre (FACE). Nous avons posel'hypothese que la fertilisation en N augmenterait la production primaire nette et la concentra- tion foliaire en N du copalme d'Amerique et augmenterait la proportion du flux de C alloueeala production de bois. Des amendements annuels de 200 kgha -1 de N sous forme d'uree ont augmentela disponibiliteen N du sol, ce qui a augmente ´
Using Advanced Water Treatment Technologies To Treat Produced Water From The Petroleum Industry

Produced Water (PW) is the water trapped in underground formations that is brought to the surface along with oil or gas in extraction operations and it is the highest volume liquid waste stream generated by the petroleum industry. Historically, the treatment of PW has been limited to free oil and suspended solids removal and subsequent discharge into water bodies or deep injection in disposal wells. Only a small fraction of the PW is currently being treated to an extent that allows it to be recycled & reused. However, due to any of a variety of factors including legislation, geological restrictions and local water scarcity, the future will require a greater fraction of the PW to be extensively treated and ultimately recycled & reused. The petroleum industry will have to change how it has historically been managing PW and start to consider PW as a “by-product” of strategic importance and value and not as an operational liability. This paper focuses on the application of Advanced Water Treatment Technologies (AWTTs) for the treatment of PW. The specific technologies presented include direct membrane filtration, biological treatment in membrane-bioreactors (MBRs), thermal evaporators and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In addition to describing their respective advantages and disadvantages, this paper also presents examples of case studies where PW is being treated and recycled & reused through the application of AWTTs in full scale facilities. This paper also presents a brief overview of a laboratory investigation carried out by ConocoPhillips GWSC, where various treatment processes (membrane filtration, biological degradation, membrane distillation (MD) and ozonation) were evaluated as PW treatment methods. The case studies reported demonstrate that thermal evaporators and membrane filtration technologies have been proven at various installations to be cost-effective at the full-scale for PW treatment. Data reported in this paper also reveal that PW can be successfully biodegraded or chemically oxidized and hence processes such as MBRs and AOPs, which have been successful in other industries but overlooked by the petroleum industry, will need to be considered. In the long term, hybrid technologies such as MD may also become a cost-effective alternative to treat PW.
A Taxonomy and Analysis of Camera Calibration Methods for Traffic Monitoring Applications

Many vision-based automatic traffic-monitoring systems require a calibrated camera to compute the speeds and length-based classifications of tracked vehicles. A number of techniques, both manual and automatic, have been proposed for performing such calibration, but no study has yet focused on evaluating the relative strengths of these different alternatives. We present a taxonomy for roadside camera calibration that not only encompasses the existing methods (VVW, VWH, and VWL) but also includes several novel methods (VVH, VVL, VLH, VVD, VWD, and VHD). We also introduce an overconstrained (OC) approach that takes into account all the available measurements, resulting in reduced error and overcoming the inherent ambiguity in single-vanishing-point solutions. This important but oft-neglected ambiguity has not received the attention that it deserves; we analyze it and propose several ways of overcoming it. Our analysis includes the relative tradeoffs between two-vanishing-point solutions, single-vanishing-point solutions, and solutions that require the distance to the road to be known. The various methods are compared using simulations and experiments with real images, showing that methods that use a known length generally outperform the others in terms of error and that the OC method reduces errors even further.
Multidimensional GC-fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS analyses: utilizing gas-phase basicities to characterize multicomponent gasoline samples.

Hydrocarbon isomers, present in crude petroleum, may yield similar gas chromatography (GC) retention times and indistinguishable mass spectral patterns. Hence, conventional GC‐mass spectrometry (MS) may not provide sufficient data for identification of hydrocarbon isomers. Real-time proton affinity or gas-phase basicity “bracketing” provides an additional dimension to GC‐MS analyses. Our GC‐fourier transform (FT)-ion cyclotron resonance (ICR)-MS yielded an average mass measurement error of less than 3 ppm for components of a retail gasoline sample. The combined use of concurrent thermo-chemical measurements with GC‐FT-ICR-MS data analysis allowed differentiation of various isomers such as C 8H10 species.
Trends in the surgical treatment of breast cancer.

Abstract: Here, we review the relationship between local recurrence (LR) and disease burden, biology, and targeted therapy. There is still little consensus on what constitutes an adequate margin for breast-conserving surgery, and it is not clear that margins more widely clear than tumor not touching ink decrease LR further. It is important to recognize that clear margins do not indicate the absence of microscopic tumor in the breast and that differences in margin width of a few millimeters do not alter the rates of LR. The molecular subtype of cancer is a powerful predictor of both distant and local relapse risk. Effective systemic therapy, targeted therapy in particular, significantly decreases LR. It is extremely unlikely that there is one margin width that is appropriate for all patients with breast cancer. Further progress in the individualization of local therapy requires a move beyond the fixation on disease burden and the recognition that extent of local therapy should be tailored to tumor biology.
Radical-free biology of oxidative stress

Free radical-induced macromolecular damage has been studied extensively as a mechanism of oxidative stress, but large-scale intervention trials with free radical scavenging antioxidant supplements show little benefit in humans. The present review summarizes data supporting a complementary hypothesis for oxidative stress in disease that can occur without free radicals. This hypothesis, which is termed the “redox hypothesis,” is that oxidative stress occurs as a consequence of disruption of thiol redox circuits, which normally function in cell signaling and physiological regulation. The redox states of thiol systems are sensitive to two-electron oxidants and controlled by the thioredoxins (Trx), glutathione (GSH), and cysteine (Cys). Trx and GSH systems are maintained under stable, but nonequilibrium conditions, due to a continuous oxidation of cell thiols at a rate of about 0.5% of the total thiol pool per minute. Redox-sensitive thiols are critical for signal transduction (e.g., H-Ras, PTP-1B), transcription factor binding to DNA (e.g., Nrf-2, nuclear factor-κB), receptor activation (e.g., αIIbβ3 integrin in platelet activation), and other processes. Nonradical oxidants, including peroxides, aldehydes, quinones, and epoxides, are generated enzymatically from both endogenous and exogenous precursors and do not require free radicals as intermediates to oxidize or modify these thiols. Because of the nonequilibrium conditions in the thiol pathways, aberrant generation of nonradical oxidants at rates comparable to normal oxidation may be sufficient to disrupt function. Considerable opportunity exists to elucidate specific thiol control pathways and develop interventional strategies to restore normal redox control and protect against oxidative stress in aging and age-related disease.
Molecular Dynamics of Alkanes in Faujasite Zeolites

Molecular dynamics simulations of C1 through C14 n-alkanes have been used to elucidate diffusion mechanisms in siliceous faujasite zeolites. Additional simulations of the bulk liquids were conducted to compare the liquid and adsorbed phases. Macroscopic quantities, such as heats of adsorption, diffusivities, and activation energies, were calculated and compare well with experimental values. In addition, the simulations provide detailed information about the mechanisms of alkane diffusion in the confined pores of faujasite.
Some Universal Features of Ideal Audiences in Legal Contexts

It is time now to turn in a more focused way to the consideration of how the notion of an ideal or universal audience—we have used the terms interchangeably—actually operates in legal argumentation. Some aspects of the ideal audience that manifest themselves in legal argumentation seem to have truly universal acceptance; others, although thought of as universal, seem more closely tied to particular cultures. Let us begin by examining those attributes of legal argumentation that seem to be universally accepted in actual fact. These tend to concern the structure of the legal process and to focus on the role of the judge. A judge is expected to be impartial. He should have no interest in the outcome of the case or ties of affection with any of the litigants. He must have the patience to listen to all the parties before him, a notion encapsuled in the old Latin maxim, audi alteram partem. The judge is furthermore expected to base his decision on the proofs and arguments presented to him. In the event he feels obliged to decide the case on a basis not discussed by the parties, ideally the judge should give the parties an opportunity to be heard on these new issues before final judgment is rendered. Above all the judge should be situated in a governmental structure that guarantees his independence from either the executive or the legislature and he must be protected from the wrath of private parties who might react negatively to his decisions. All this is encapsuled under the concept of the “rule of law,” a concept whose achievement in practice has been one of the greatest achievements of Western civilization and whose importance for social and economic development is now universally accepted. It took a long time to achieve in the Western world and it is becoming readily apparent that its achievement in much of the rest of the world will come only as the result of an arduous effort.
Two Women's Studies Conferences in China: Report by an American Feminist Philosopher

Professor Du Fangqin of Tianjin Normal University one of the pioneers of Chinese womens studies discussed feminist history of women as a project that has been developing in China in the last fifteen years. The general presupposition of this work is that women should be subjects not merely objects of history. There have been two trends in this feminist historical work. The first has used traditional history that is focused on dynasties marriage women emperors and so on to do historical research on women while the second has taken a more explicitly womens studies/feminist approach to questioning the traditional categories themselves as a way to really understand women as subjects. For example materialist method makes women objects of study by considering their work activities but it doesnt really problematize how this relates to womens consciousness and ends up being merely a way to add on women to history. The newer feminist paradigms for doing history challenge the traditional categories themselves which have been used by patriarchal orders to denigrate women for example metaphors of women as water the Yin/ Yang binary defining womens roles as wife and mother as designed to meet mens interests and so on. It is important for feminist historians to introduce the concept of gender for example discussions of matriarchy versus patriarchy and to highlight womens achievements in the reproductive sphere (re-valuing invisible womens activities). Madame Du made three suggestions for the future of Chinese Womens Studies. First the need for more publications in womens studies that will expand its impact in the academic world publications which highlight the theory and system of doing womens history in particular. Womens studies needs to be established as a field of study in universities as well as being added to elementary schools particularly the study of womens history. Secondly feminist scholars must go to the grassroots and the masses to collect more evidence of womens lives for example the rural womens oral history project that is now underway at the Tianjin Womens Center where Professor Du works. Finally we should use an expanded feminist historical point of view to develop womens consciousness-raising and connect this as an endeavor to all forms of popular education of women for example to literacy training legal training training for increased housewifery skills such as nutrition sanitation and animal husbandry. (authors)
Familial Absorptive Hypercalciuria in a Large Kindred

AbstractThe occurrence of calcareous renal stones in 12 members of a family was consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. All 6 members with stones who were evaluated were shown to have absorptive hypercalciuria. The mother of 2 members with stones did not suffer stones but had biochemical evidence of absorptive hypercalciuria (increased intestinal calcium absorption, hypercalciuria and normal parathyroid function). Nephrolithiasis was encountered only in the progeny of members who had stones or biochemical absorptive hypercalciuria. The results suggest that physiological feature(s) of absorptive hypercalciuria may be an expression of the genetic trait.
Pattern Loadings of Reinforced Concrete Floor Slabs

The effects of strip and checkerboard loading patterns on the moments in multipanel reinforced concrete floor slabs are evaluated using analytical and experimental information. Moments measured under pattern loading are compared with uniform-load values for a flat plate, two flat slabs and two two-way slabs. The results of theoretical solutions for pattern loads on elastic plates are used to develop a procedure for estimating the effect of pattern loadings on moments in multipanel slabs supported by beams or columns of any stiffness. The procedure consists of determining whether the given combinations of beam and column stiffnesses are sufficient to limit moment increases to a prescribed level. Results from the moments measured in the test structures indicate that the effects of pattern loads on actual structures can be predicted using the suggested procedure.
Rh2(II,III) Catalysts with Chelating Carboxylate and Carboxamidate Supports: Electronic Structure and Nitrene Transfer Reactivity.

Dirhodium-catalyzed C–H amination is hypothesized to proceed via Rh2-nitrene intermediates in either the Rh2(II,II) or Rh2(II,III) redox state. Herein, we report joint theoretical and experimental studies of the ground electronic state (GES), redox potentials, and C–H amination of [Rh2II,III(O2CCH3)4(L)n]+ (1_L) (L = none, Cl–, and H2O), [Rh2(esp)2]+ (2), and Rh2(espn)2Cl (3) (esp = α,α,α′,α′-tetramethyl-1,3-benzenedipropanoate and espn = α,α,α′,α′-tetramethyl-1,3-benzenedipropanamidate). CASSCF calculations on 1_L yield a wave function with two closely weighted configurations, (δ*)2(π1*)2(π2*)1 and (δ*)2(π1*)1(π2*)2, consistent with reported EPR g values [Chem. Phys. Lett. 1986, 130, 20−23]. In contrast, EPR spectra of 2 show g values consistent with the DFT-computed (π*)4(δ*)1 GES. EPR spectra and Cl K-edge XAS for 3 are consistent with a (π*)4(δ*)1 GES, as supported by DFT. Nitrene intermediates 2N_L and 3N_L are also examined by DFT (the nitrene is an NSO3R species). DFT calculations suggest a doublet...
Distress Tolerance and Social Support in Adolescence: Predicting Risk for Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms Following a Natural Disaster

The purpose of the multi-measure, multi-wave, longitudinal study was to examine the interactive relation between behavioral distress tolerance (DT) and perceived social support (PSS) in 352 tornado-exposed adolescents aged 12-17 years (M=14.44; SD=1.74). At baseline, adolescents completed a computer-based task for DT, and self-report measures of PSS, depressed mood, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance use, and interpersonal conflict. Symptoms also were assessed 4 and 12 months after baseline. Findings showed that lower levels of DT together with lower levels of PSS conferred risk for elevated symptoms of prospective depression (t(262)= -2.04, p=.04; reffect size=0.13) and PTSD (t(195)= -2.08, p=.04; reffect size=0.15) following a tornado. However, only PSS was significant in substance use t(139)=2.20, p=.03; reffect size=0.18) and conflict (t(138)=-4.05, p<.0001; reffect size=0.33) in our sample. Implications regarding adolescent DT, the transdiagnostic nature of PSS, and the clinical applications of our findings in the aftermath of a natural disaster are discussed.
Analysis of malaria in Henan Province in 2010

Objective To ascertain the characteristics of malaria incidence in Henan Province in 2010 in order to provide a basis for the formulation of effective control strategies. Methods Data on cases of malaria were collected,described statistically,and analyzed. Results There were 896 reported cases of malaria in 2010.Of these,790 patients(accounting for 88.17%) had autochthonous malaria;all of these cases were Plasmodium vivax(P.v) malaria.Of the reported cases,106 were imported malaria,with 25 cases of P.v malaria(accounting for 2.79%) and 81 of P.f malaria(accounting for 9.04%).There were 579 male patients and 317 female patients.Young and middle-aged farmers accounted for most of the cases.Cases were reported every month,and 649 cases were reported from May to October during the flu season. Conclusion Malaria incidence declined markedly in Henan Province in 2010,but imported cases of malaria increased.
Sanitary Condition of Centralized Air Ventilation System in Public Places of Shijiazhuang City in 2010

[Objective]To investigate and analyze the sanitary condition of centralized air ventilation system in public places of Shijiazhuang city,provide the evidence for supervision of central air conditioning systems. [Methods]According to Hygienic Supervision Measures on Central Airconditioning Ventilation System in Public Places,the samples of air in outlet,deposit dust in air duct and cooling tower water of centralized air ventilation system during the operation period were collected from 22 public places of Shijiazhuang city from January to July 2010,and were tested. [Results]Except β hemolytic streptococcus,there existed bacterial contamination and fungal contamination at different degrees in air supply outlet,and the qualified rate of total bacterial count and total fungi count was 95.45% and 99.09% respectively.In air duct,the qualified rate of deposit dust amount,total bacterial count and total fungi count was 70%,88.18% and 80%,respectively.The qualified rate of cooling tower water was 81.81%. [Conclusion]There existed different degrees of contamination in every link of centralized air ventilation system in public places in Shijiazhuang city,which is the potential danger to health of population.The hygiene supervision and management should be strengthened.
Currents and transport on the Eastern Bering Sea shelf: An integration of over 20 years of data

Abstract More than 20 years of data from moorings, satellite-tracked drifters and hydrographic surveys are integrated to provide a comprehensive view of currents and transport on the eastern Bering Sea shelf. The major sources of water onto the eastern Bering Sea shelf are North Pacific water flowing through Unimak Pass and Bering Slope water flowing onto the shelf usually via the canyons that intersect the shelf break. Absolute geostrophic transport through Unimak Pass varies from an average of 0.25×106 m3 s−1 (Sv) in the warm months to 0.43 Sv in the cold months. Flow along the 50-m isobath is weak, with a transport of 13 months and from Amukta Pass to Bering Strait via the Bering Slope Current is >8 months. Consequently, the source of most of the heat transported into the Arctic through Bering Strait is a result of air–sea interactions local to the northern Bering Sea. Analysis of the currents and water properties on the southern shelf indicates that ~50% of the shelf water is exchanged with slope water during October–January each year. This exchange elevates the October mid-shelf average nitrate level from 6 μM to 14–16 μM by the end of January.
Patterns of End of Life Care in a Retrospective Cohort of Glioblastoma Patients (P4.243)

Objective : Describe palliative care (PC) involvement, advanced directive (AD) documentation and end of life (EOL) care in glioblastoma. Background : National guidelines for terminal cancers recommend early PC and AD documentation, hospice at EOL, and avoidance of chemotherapy within 14 days of death. Methods : IRB-approved retrospective analysis of 115 deceased glioblastoma patients over 5 years. Records were reviewed to describe PC consultation (inpatient/outpatient), AD documentation (health care proxy (HCP), living will, detailed medical orders for life-sustaining treatment (MOLST), non-hospital DNR), hospice enrollment, last chemotherapy administration, and location of death. Results : Median overall survival from diagnosis was 12.9 months. 37[percnt] (43/115) of patients had a PC consult (31 inpatient, 12 outpatient). ADs were documented for 51[percnt] (59/115) by the 3 rd neuro-oncology visit (28 HCP, 8 living will, 22 MOLST, 1 non-hospital DNR). 86[percnt] (99/115) enrolled in hospice before death. Comparing patients enrolled >7 days before death to patients within 7 days of death, location of death was: home (42[percnt] vs 19[percnt]; p-value = 0.036), hospice facility (36[percnt] vs 19[percnt]; p-value = 0.143) and inpatient (15[percnt] vs 56[percnt]; p-value 7 days before death were significantly less likely to die in an inpatient setting than patients with later or no hospice enrollment (15[percnt] vs 49[percnt]; p-value <0.0001). 5[percnt] (6/115) received chemotherapy within 14 days of death. Conclusions : While hospice enrollment was high, earlier involvement was associated with fewer deaths in an inpatient setting. AD documentation was completed for half of patients by the 3 rd neuro-oncology visit, but most were limited to HCP alone. Few patients with glioblastoma had an outpatient PC consult, and additional studies are needed to evaluate whether earlier PC could improve EOL care for glioblastoma patients. Disclosure: Dr. Chris has nothing to disclose. Dr. Korones has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ladwig has nothing to disclose. Dr. Serventi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Holloway has received personal compensation for activities with Milliman Guideline, Inc. as a consultant. Dr. Holloway has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for Neurology Today. Dr. Mohile has nothing to disclose.
Restoration Outcomes and Reporting: An Assessment of Wetland Area Gains in Wisconsin, USA

Billions of dollars have been spent to restore wetlands throughout the conterminous United States, leading to gains in wetland area nationwide. However, knowledge regarding the impact of these additions is limited, in part due to the lack of a centralized restoration database, varying definitions of restoration, and shifting protocols amongst restoration initiatives. This study used high-resolution photography to evaluate 430 wetland restoration projects in Wisconsin, US between 2003 and 2008. Aerial photo-interpretation and geospatial analysis were used to determine pre- and post-project status of wetland extent and habitat type(s). Wetland extent was mapped within project boundaries and wetland area gains were identified. Wetlands were classified by cover type and hydrology to record reestablished habitats, as well as document the prevailing land use setting of the project area and compare these results to data reported by the state. The majority of wetland area gains were classified as seasonally flooded emergent marshes, and restoration sites were primarily located within agricultural settings. We found 39% of wetland area gains reported by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) agreed with our geospatially derived data. Actual reestablished wetland area was 61% less than the reported reestablished area. These results are valuable for documenting discrepancies between restoration accomplishment reporting and change in wetland area observed, and understanding current trends in reestablishment, including habitat types, hydrologic regimes, and land use settings. These results are beneficial to resource managers by providing insight into restoration shortcomings and the over-reporting that can occur when GIS tracking is not employed.
Ureido cytosine and cytosine-containing acrylic copolymers

Regioselective Michael addition afforded a novel N1-substituted cytosine acrylate monomer for the synthesis of acrylic random copolymers with cytosine pendant groups. Quantitative post-functionalization converted cytosine to ureido-cytosine (UCy) with an increased self-association strength due to quadruple hydrogen bond formation. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed a lower onset temperature of weight loss (∼200 °C) for UCy-containing copolymers, however, they proved to be more thermally stable at ≤130 °C than the cytosine-containing precursors during isothermal rheological experiments. The incorporation of UCy into random copolymers resulted in higher Tgs, enhanced mechanical performance, and better microphase-separation than the cytosine-containing precursors. Both dynamic mechanical analysis and rheological analysis revealed a plateau regime for each UCy-containing copolymer as well as a tan delta transition that corresponded to hydrogen bond dissociation. In contrast, the viscoelastic behavior of cytosine-containing random copolymers resembled entangled, non-associating polymers with increasing Tg as the cytosine content increased. A solution-cast UCy-containing copolymer film exhibited a more well-defined surface morphology with nano-fibrillar hard domains compared to the cytosine control. Variable temperature FTIR spectroscopy verified the presence of hydrogen bonding, and thermogravimetric sorption analysis (TGA-SA) compared the water uptake of UCy and cytosine-containing copolymers. UCy-containing random copolymers showed various advantages for applications as adhesives and thermoplastic elastomers compared to the cytosine copolymers, including superior cohesive strength, higher thermal stability, wider service temperature window, and lower moisture uptake. Free radical copolymerization of a quadruple hydrogen bond containing acrylic monomers provides a versatile avenue to supramolecular polymers with a tunable composition and improved scalability compared to earlier telechelic oligomers. This report describes the first synthesis of an acrylic monomer family and complementary evidence for tunable association in random copolymers.
Paraplegia of Cerebral Origin

Paraplegia of cerebral origin is due to insufficient blood perfusion of both paracentral areas.
Addressing procedural bias in municipal planning governance: A case for incorporating citizen participation within technical advisory committees

This essay presents models of multiparty negotiation as a means to compare the conventional public meetings format of planning to a preliminary process, the technical advisory committee. A metric of market concentration, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, is used to quantify the structural advantages in each, and presented within the context of municipal planning processes. In doing so, this work advances several propositions: First, open meetings expand power differentials between parties, which lead to outcomes that reflect the political efficacy of participants over the regulatory purpose of government. Second, such meetings create substantial transaction costs for the public, creating a barrier to the expression of community values. Finally, preliminary processes constitute a more effective forum for citizen participation than open meetings.
The Joshi's Method in Practice

This case demonstrates the interconnectedness of the animal and mineral kingdoms and the value of listening and observing. Presenting with skin rash of long duration, the patient uses language that points towards rows 5 and 6 of the Periodic Table. However, the essence of the case and her hand gestures indicate the animal kingdom themes of ‘you versus me’ and lead towards a large predatory animal. When asked the ‘Joshi's’ questions, she clearly names the bird she would like to be while facing the stressors of her life. The case analysis goes into the details of rows 5 and 6 minerals and the predatory bird. In the case given as follows, the 1 stands for animal kingdom, 2 for silver series, 3 for gold series, 4 for resources and 5 for predatory bird.
The Central Role of BMP Signaling in Regulating Iron Homeostasis

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)/growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) are involved in a wide variety of embryologic, developmental, and physiologic processes. One important area of physiology that requires BMP signaling is the homeostatic regulation of iron in the body. Iron is an essential nutrient that is critical for several fundamental cellular processes including oxygen delivery to tissues and generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in mitochondria. However, excess iron can lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are highly damaging to cells, and insufficient iron is the major source of anemia worldwide. Therefore, the homeostatic regulation of total body iron content is an important physiologic process that must be exquisitely controlled to prevent the pathologic states of iron excess or iron deficiency. BMP signaling in the liver by the BMP ligands and receptors including the co-receptor hemojuvelin/RGMc regulates the expression of the iron hormone hepcidin to maintain iron homeostasis.
Smartwatch-driven multisensory recorder: Design and testing of a smartwatch-based framework to support psychiatric disorders

The advancement of technologies such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and the availability of low cost sensors has allowed the Internet-of-Things (IoT) industry to develop rapidly. The Android application described in this paper takes advantage of the opportunities provided by these technologies. This application can simultaneously collect data from all sensors available on the Microsoft Band 2. It then stores this data to be later viewed and analyzed. This method of data collection could help in many cases, including psychiatric disorders. For example, our app is aimed at monitoring physiological data (heart rate and galvanic skin response) and ambient environment data (sound and lighting conditions) of trauma exposed individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The preliminary data collection study on healthy individuals demonstrate that our framework efficiently handles the continuous recording of multiple sensors.
Letter to the Editor: Bicuspid Aortic Valve-Family Screening and Indications for Intervention.

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common adult congenital heart disease, with a prevalence as high as 2%.[1][1] Almost 50% of aortic valve stenosis is attributable to BAV.[1][1]-[3][2] Instead of the typical 3 leaflets in the normal heart, BAV is characterized by 2 unequal-sized leaflets that
Overexpression of a Transcription Factor to Maximize Glycoprotein Production in an Inducible Expression System

Multiple expression vectors using Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus-Long Terminal Repeat (MMTV-LTR) as promoters have been reported as a highly inducible expression system (Ko et al 1989, Gu et al., 1996) in mouse L cells. MMTV-LTR is activated by glucocorticoid hormones through the interaction of the activated hormone-receptor complex with glucocorticoid response element (GRE) (Boronat et al., 1997). When MMTV promoter is stably introduced into host cells, the long terminal repeat is organized into an array of at least six nucleosomes (Richard-Foy and Hager, 1987). This chromatin structure inactivates MMTV promoter by not allowing the binding of transcriptional factors to MMTV promoter (Cordingley et al., 1987). The binding of hormone receptor complex on the GRE disrupts the nucleosome structure. Concomitantly, the other transcription factors bind to the MMTV promoter and activate the process of transcription (Lee and Archer, 1994). This association of the steroid hormone and recruitment of the transcriptional factors is reported to be dynamic and not static (McNally et al., 2000). The bound hormone-receptor complex is disengaged from its binding site through an ATP dependent chromatin remodeling process (Hager et al. 2000), causing the inactivation of transcription of downstream genes. In order to continuously maintain the active state of expression, intracellular GR level should be more than that of ATP and chromatin remodeling fraction. However, the levels of GR in normal CHO cells are reported to be insufficient for significant activation of MMTV promoter (Hirst et al., 1990). Our recent studies also showed that MMTV promoter driven reporter protein (Secreted Alkaline Phosphatase, SEAP) production titers were very low when the expression vector is stably transfected in to CHO-DG44 cells. However, cotransfection of the same host cells with a second plasmid expressint the transcription factor GR, which is again driven by another MMTV promoter lead to a large production of SEAP as high 0.4 g/L (James et al. 2000).
Abstract 3774: Clinical Nurse Specialists, Nurse Practitioners&Physician Assistants Roles in the care of Stroke Patients

Background: The promotion of acute stroke care is stronger now than it has ever been with hospitals being encouraged to become primary and comprehensive stroke centers (PSC & CSC). This is a hardship for some institutions due to the national shortage of American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology certified Vascular Neurologists and Emergency Medicine Physicians’ concern over independent decision making regarding thrombolysis eligibility without neurology collaboration. Hospitals and private physician practices are turning to Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNS), Nurse Practitioners (NP) and Physician Assistants (PA) to provide a continuum and maintain coordination of care in concurrence with vascular neurologists. The aim of this presentation is to identify the CNS-NP-PA roles and responsibilities. Method: An eight question, multiple choice with 3 multiple answer survey, which addressed certification, duration of stroke experience, role with CT reviewing, thrombolysis administration, and duties was sent to community and academic PSC and CSC CNS-NP-PAs from Neurovascular Education and Training in Stroke Management and Acute Reperfusion Therapy (NET SMART) program by means of a URL. Results: There were 44 respondents, NPs 65.9%, PAs 4.9% and CNS 29.2% with experience in stroke care totaling 1 to 2.9 years in 20.5%, 3 to 4.9 years in 15.9% and ≥ 5 years in 63.6%. Acute CT evaluation was completed autonomously by 10%, with radiology collaboration in 47.5%, and with neurology collaboration in 37.5%, with 5% responding “do not review”. Multiple choice with multiple answers pertaining to thrombolysis decision making; 7.3% reported working autonomously, 29.3% with physician collaboration by telephone, 63.4% with physician at bedside, and 17.1% reported no involvement with thrombolysis decisions. Delineation of responsibilities, also completed with multiple answers included acute inpatient stroke care for 95.2%, out patient stroke care for 23.8%, discharge planning 45.2%, stroke coordinator role 71.4%, core measure database extraction for 50.0% with input of database completed by 47.6%. Education conducted for patients at 81%, for nursing was 90.5%, for peers at 57.1%, for medical residents 40.5%, for neurology residents 16.7% and for community education 73.8% of responders. Conclusion: Although individual responsibilities may vary, the survey illustrates the CNS-NP-PA are valuable roles in the assessment, diagnosis, management, coordination and continuum of stroke care. More research is warranted to further evaluate these roles and quality stroke patient outcomes.
Examination of cognitive variables relevant to sunbathing.

This study examined cognitions relevant to sunbathing decision-making in college-aged subjects. Using Jaccard's (1981) theory of alternative behavior as a guiding model, 263 subjects were recruited from psychology classes and administered questionnaires assessing their sunbathing behavioral tendencies, attitudes toward sunbathing, attitudes toward reasonable behavioral alternatives to sunbathing, and cognitive variables underlying these attitudinal variables. The fits of models predicting sunbathing attitudes and sunbathing behavioral tendencies (evaluated using covariate structural equations modeling techniques; LISREL VIII) were good for all models tested. In contrast to previous work, the results of this study support the notion that young people will make their decisions regarding sunbathing based on the behavioral alternatives available to them (i.e., generally the one that they prefer most). Furthermore, the multivariate approach used clearly delineates the specific cognitive beliefs and orientations that might be targeted to change these attitudes. The relevance of these findings to skin cancer prevention interventions is discussed.
Phenological tracking associated with increased salmon consumption by brown bears

There is growing interest in the ecological significance of phenological diversity, particularly in how spatially variable resource phenologies (i.e. resource waves) prolong foraging opportunities for mobile consumers. While there is accumulating evidence of consumers moving across landscapes to surf resource waves, there is little data quantifying how phenological tracking influences resource consumption due to the challenge of documenting all the components of this ecological phenomenon (i.e., phenological variation, consumer movement, resource consumption, and consumer fitness). We examined the space use of GPS collared female brown bears to quantify the exploitation of a salmon resource wave by individual bears. We then estimated salmon consumption levels in the same individuals using stable isotope and mercury analyses of hair. We found strong positive relationships between time spent on salmon streams and percent salmon in assimilated diets (R2 = 0.70) and salmon mass consumed (R2 = 0.49). Salmon abundance varied 2.5-fold between study years, yet accounting for salmon abundance did not improve salmon consumption models. Resource abundance generally is viewed as the key variable controlling consumption levels and food web dynamics. However, our results suggest that in intact watersheds of coastal Alaska with abundant salmon runs, interannual variation in salmon abundance likely has less effect on salmon consumption than individual variation in bear foraging behavior. The results complement previous work to demonstrate the importance of phenological variation on bear foraging behavior and fitness.
Sustainable design of on-demand supply chain network for additive manufacturing

This study proposes a novel optimization framework that simultaneously considers interdependence of flow networks, resource restrictions, and process-and-system level costs under a unified decision...
Family-forest owner decisions, landscape context, and landscape change

Abstract We examined broad-scale patterns in family forest owners’ decisions to use estate planning and conservation tools, and participate in preferential tax programs in eight forested landscapes of the United States. We focused our analyses on patterns across regions and states, and scrutinized the impacts of adding regional and state fixed effects to discrete choice models of owner behaviors. We used chi-square testing and binary discrete choice models to analyze mail-survey responses collected from landowners. Our exploratory research revealed distinct broad-scale patterns by owner decision, with the strongest evidence of state and regional variation in owner participation in preferential tax programs and some evidence of such variation in decisions to use wills and trusts. In contrast, we detected no such differences when examining decision-making about conservation easements across regions or states. Our findings in support of state and regional effects suggest forested landscape contexts beyond owner and parcel characteristics matter and could potentially drive differences in behaviors and forest outcomes. Measures of regional and state fixed effects can provide useful information about contextual differences across forested landscapes, such as differences in public programs and engagement aimed at owners. They can also inform the appropriateness of transferring insights across landscapes. Building on these findings, we share guidance for future data collection and research, including how improved monitoring and greater consideration of contextual factors beyond individual and ownership characteristics could enhance understanding of family forest owner decision-making and landscape change.