cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rheological Properties of Short-Term Aged Foamed Asphalt Modified with Nano Hydrated Lime

This study was initiated with an objective to address the rheological properties of the short-term aged foamed Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) binders modified with Nano-sized Hydrated Lime (NHL). NHL material was fabricated with two particle sizes of 50 nanometers (nm) and 100nm. Regular Hydrated Lime (RHL) also was used in this study to address the effectiveness of the newly fabricated material, NHL, in comparison to the traditionally used hydrated lime material (i.e., RHL). The Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) technique was employed to study the dispersion and deagglomeration of NHL particles into the admixture. To accomplish the objective of this study, the frequency sweep test using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) machine was performed to measure the complex shear modulus of short-term aged binders. The overall results reveal that the usage of NHL could be an effective way over RHL to enhance the rheological properties of the asphalt binder.
The Inner Meaning of Outer Space:Human Nature and the Celestial Realm

Kant afirmaba que los seres humanos poseen un conocimiento a priori del espacio. Aunque este argumento se centra en la fisica de los cuerpos, tambien tiene implicaciones para la psicologia del ser. Muchas culturas humanas organizan las estrellas en constelaciones (imponen estructura); atribuyen propiedades, conductas y habilidades a objetos en el reino celeste (esto es, determinan significado); y usan la regularidad percibida en los reinos celestes para el desarrollo de calendarios, navegaciones de grandes distancias, agricultura y astrologia (buscan prediccion y control). La inaccesibilidad fisica del reino celeste permite una potente fuente de metaforas, asi como la proteccion de los mitos sobre el origen y la ascension, los lugares del poder y aquellos donde habitan dioses, seres inmortales y otras almas. Los desarrollos en astronomia y cosmologia influyeron las opiniones sobre la naturaleza humana y el lugar de la humanidad en el universo; estos cambios ponen en paralelo los descensos en el egocentrismo y el desarrollo humano. Las visiones acerca de los presuntos seres (como los angeles y los extraterrestres) del reino celestial (y como comunicarse con esos seres) son antropocentricas e ignoran factores evolutivos del desarrollo fisico y cognitivo. Se sugiere que al considerar opiniones y usos del reino celeste, aprendemos no solo acerca del universo, sino tambien sobre nosotros mismos.
Axo-glial interactions at the dorsal root transitional zone regulate neurofilament protein synthesis in axotomized sensory neurons

After dorsal root crush, dramatic ultrastructural differences are observed between regenerated dorsal root axonal endings that are physically blocked at a ligation neuroma and those that are allowed to form axo-glial endings among the astrocytes at the dorsal root transitional zone (DRTZ). Physically blocked axonal endings swell immensely with membranous organelles and neurofilaments (NFs) while axo-glial endings do not, suggesting that DRTZ astrocytes stop axonal growth by activating a physiological stop pathway within those endings. Since protease-dependent NF degradation at axonal endings is a part of this pathway, this study addresses the question of whether NF subunit synthesis in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is regulated by the pathway. Lumbar dorsal roots were crushed and, at various postinjury times, the attached DRGs were removed and pulse-labeled in vitro with 35S-methionine for subsequent analysis of protein synthesis by electrophoresis and fluorography. Within 24 hr of axotomy, there was a down-regulation of the 68 kDa (NF-L) and 145 kDa (NF-M) NF subunits. At 14 d postcrush, a time when most of the regenerating axons have reached and been stopped by DRTZ astrocytes, NF protein synthesis returned to control levels. By contrast, when the axons were prevented from reaching the DRTZ by ligating or removing segments of the roots, NF synthesis failed to return to normal levels. These data suggest that activation of the physiological stop pathway by DRTZ astrocytes regulates NF protein synthesis in the DRG.
Aquatic prey switching and urban foraging by the White Ibis Eudocimus albus are determined by wetland hydrological conditions

Prey availability is known to limit reproduction of some species of nesting birds, but identifying the primary prey types of a species with a flexible diet can be challenging. For the White Ibis Eudocimus albus, a tactile feeding, medium-sized wading bird, nestling prey composition is suggested to depend on landscape water depths ⁄availability of foraging habitat at the time of nesting and on historical drying events affecting prey production. We collected and compared inter- and intra-annual diet variation of White Ibis chicks reared in the Everglades over two years that were independently identified as being relatively good (2006) and poor (2007) nesting seasons. We collected 127 nestling boluses and analysed the temporal variation in biomass of eight functional prey groups using multivariate techniques. The boluses from 2006 in the central Everglades were dominated by fish, but in 2007, after fish had been reduced by the previous year of drying, the boluses from the same region were more variable and dominated by garbage (i.e. scavenging). Analysis of five different collections taken from a different colony in the northern Everglades indicated that boluses were characterized by crayfish and had fewer fish or less garbage when landscape water depths were relatively higher and more preferred habitat was available. At lower landscape water depths in 2007 the bolus composition shifted away from crayfish towards small fish and urban food (terrestrial insects and garbage). Our results support the suggestion of depth-dependent diets; prey composition depends on the current landscape water levels around the colonies, and also suggests that previous drying events can lead to increased reliance on alternative food sources. White Ibis partially compensated for unavailable aquatic prey with alternative urban foods, but their nesting success appears to have suffered.
Let's Do Our Thing--Flexibly*

CIRCUIT riders have always been with us in education. The problem today is not that they exist, but rather that they are so abundant. A process so vital to the development of our youth naturally attracts innovators, dreamers and scoundrels. This paper is not intended to condemn or attack any practice, process or person but rather to help you look more cautiously at the changes taking place in education and to help you bury your fears. More specifically, let us focus on the alphabetical array of scheduling plans, projects and panaceas now available to solve our foreign language learning problems. For several years I have had an opportunity to travel throughout the territories to discuss flexible scheduling techniques. Wherever I have gone, I have found that music men had preceded me or would shortly follow me with their plans. Teachers would be herded in to large auditoria to hear our pitch, would ask polite questions and would drink coffee to the tune of flexible modular ballads.
Neonatal Mortality From Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Lessons for Low-Resource Countries

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a major contributor to neonatal mortality worldwide. However, little information is available regarding rates of RDS-specific mortality in low-income countries, and technologies for RDS treatment are used inconsistently in different health care settings. Our objective was to better understand the interventions that have decreased the rates of RDS-specific mortality in high-income countries over the past 60 years. We then estimated the effects on RDS-specific mortality in low-resource settings. Of the sequential introduction of technologies and therapies for RDS, widespread use of oxygen and continuous positive airway pressure were associated with the time periods that demonstrated the greatest decline in RDS-specific mortality. We argue that these 2 interventions applied widely in low-resource settings, with appropriate supportive infrastructure and general newborn care, will have the greatest impact on decreasing neonatal mortality. This historical perspective can inform policy-makers for the prioritization of scarce resources to improve survival rates for newborns worldwide.
Routine screening of Halloween candy: Helpful or hazardous?

Study objectives: To determine the frequency of radiopaque items found in radiologic screening of Halloween candy and to determine the possibility of missing a small item. Design: Prospective observational study on Halloween night 1992. Data were collected from area medical centers that were screening Halloween candy. The ability to detect small sharp items was tested at five centers. Setting: Five hospitals and three immediate care centers. Participants: Four hundred fifty-four bags of candy were screened. Results: No unknown radiopaque items were discovered. One of five centers tested for accuracy failed to detect a small radiopaque item. Only one hospital required parents to sign a waiver of liability. The immediate care centers recorded patients' names; the other hospitals kept no record of the names of children whose bags were screened. No physicians viewed the radiographs or fluoroscopy. Conclusion: The routine radiologic screening of Halloween candy has an extremely low yield in detecting radiopaque items.
Monitoring and Assessment—What to Measure … and Why

It is often difficult to know what to measure when conducting a wetland assessment. There are a wide variety of variables to consider across the three main parameters—water, vegetation, and soils. To complicate things even further, the aspect of time and space must be considered if you wish to be able to make sense of your assessment. We present a discussion of water, vegetation, and soils and then give our best judgment of which variables to measure for each, and why some might be more useful than others. The merits and problems with gathering data from single visits versus multiple visits are discussed, as well as the level of expertise needed in some instances for certain variables to be useful. We do not discuss assessment and inventory methods as these will follow once you chose your assessment variables most relevant to your goals.
The Transcription Factor NFAT Exhibits Signal Memory during Serial T Cell Interactions with Antigen-Presenting Cells

SUMMARY Interactions with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) interrupt T cell migration through tissues and trigger signaling pathways that converge on the activation of transcriptional regulators, including nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), which control T cell function and differentiation. Both stable and unstable modes of cognate T cell-APC interactions have been observed in vivo, but the functional significance of unstable, serial contacts has remained unclear. Here we used multiphoton intravital microscopy in lymph nodes and tumors to show that while NFAT nuclear import was fast (t1/2 max1 min), nuclear export was slow (t1/220 min) in T cells. During delayed export, nuclear NFAT constituted a shortterm imprint of transient TCR signals and remained transcriptionally active for the T cell tolerance gene Egr2, but not for the effector gene Ifng, which required continuous TCR triggering for expression. This provides a potential mechanistic basis for the observation that a predominance of unstable APC interactions correlates with the induction of T cell tolerance.
Roles for Endocytosis and Low pH in Herpes Simplex Virus Entry into HeLa and Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection of many cultured cells, e.g., Vero cells, can be initiated by receptor binding and pH-neutral fusion with the cell surface. Here we report that a major pathway for HSV entry into the HeLa and CHO-K1 cell lines is dependent on endocytosis and exposure to a low pH. Enveloped virions were readily detected in HeLa or receptor-expressing CHO cell vesicles by electron microscopy at <30 min postinfection. As expected, images of virus fusion with the Vero cell surface were prevalent. Treatment with energy depletion or hypertonic medium, which inhibits endocytosis, prevented uptake of HSV from the HeLa and CHO cell surface relative to uptake from the Vero cell surface. Incubation of HeLa and CHO cells with the weak base ammonium chloride or the ionophore monensin, which elevate the low pH of organelles, blocked HSV entry in a dose-dependent manner. Noncytotoxic concentrations of these agents acted at an early step during infection by HSV type 1 and 2 strains. Entry mediated by the HSV receptor HveA, nectin-1, or nectin-2 was also blocked. As analyzed by fluorescence microscopy, lysosomotropic agents such as the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1 blocked the delivery of virus capsids to the nuclei of the HeLa and CHO cell lines but had no effect on capsid transport in Vero cells. The results suggest that HSV can utilize two distinct entry pathways, depending on the type of cell encountered.
A fast physical constraint generator for timing driven layout

This paper presents a fast procedure to generate physical (capacitance, resistance, RC) constraints and timing weights for timing driven physical design. When the capacitance of the nets and the resistance/RC delay of the source-sink segments of the layout are not bigger than the corresponding constraints, the timing requirements can be met. The main results are: a) a fast procedure with linear run-time in the number of pins in the design, b) controlling wire delay due to wire resistance, c) fast interaction between physical design and timing analysis for timing and wirability control.
Cervicovaginal flora. Comparison of conventional pap smears and a liquid-based thin-layer preparation.

We compared the effectiveness of SurePath (TriPath Imaging, Burlington, NC) with that of conventional Papanicolaou smears (CP) to demonstrate microorganisms in cervicovaginal smears. Samples from 904 randomly selected cases were examined at the Medical Center of Louisiana clinics for 2 years—the year before and the year after the implementation of SurePath. One observer reviewed the CP and SurePath preparations for detection of microorganisms. Comparison of the 2 systems was made, taking into account patient age, ethnicity, and previous hysterectomy and seasonal variation in prevalence. A seasonal variation was observed in the prevalence of candidiasis. Trichomonas and a shift in bacterial flora were detected more often with CP than with SurePath (13.4% vs 8.3% and 38.7% vs 30.2%, respectively). In contrast, candidiasis was detected more frequently with SurePath than with CP (13.7% vs 7.7%). At the Medical Center of Louisiana clinics, CP was more effective for detecting trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis; SurePath was more effective for detecting candidiasis.
A Question of Justice Disparities in Employees’ Access to Flexible Schedule Arrangements

Within an organizational justice framework, this article investigates which group of employees are less likely to have access to flexible schedule options. Using data from the 1997 National Study of the Changing Workforce, logistical regressions were conducted to identify the employee, job, and workplace factors associated with limited access to four flexible work schedules: modifying standard starting and ending times, daily flex-time, taking time off for personal or family time, and control over work hours. Analyses imply that workers who are less privileged report reduced access to a range of flexible schedule options. Lower wages, low education levels, and hourly work were factors associated with having less access to four, three, or two of the flexible work schedules, respectively. Implications and further directions for research are discussed.
Changes in Receipt of Cancer Screening in Medicare Beneficiaries Following the Affordable Care Act

BACKGROUND The Affordable Care Act (ACA) removed copayments for screening mammography and colonoscopy in Medicare beneficiaries, but its clinical impact is unknown. METHODS Using a 5% random sample of Medicare claims from 2009 through 2012 in individuals age 70 years or older who were due for screening, we examined claims for screening mammography and screening or surveillance colonoscopy for two years prior to ACA (2009-2010) and two years post-ACA (2011-2012). Receipt of the procedures at the patient level was compared across years using generalized estimating equations. Statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Compared with 2009, we found an increase in mammography uptake during the ACA coverage period, with multivariable odds ratios (MOR) of 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20 to 1.25, P < .001) for 2011 and 1.17 (95% CI = 1.15 to 1.20, P < .001) for 2012 and less change in 2010 (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.05, P = .01). In contrast to mammography, uptake of screening or surveillance colonoscopy decreased in 2012 (MOR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92 to 0.98, P = .002) compared with 2009, with no change in 2010 (MOR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.99 to 1.04, P = .47) or 2011 (MOR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.99 to 1.04, P = .34). Other factors associated with procedure receipt included younger age and prior preventive health visits. In an analysis restricted to patients age 70 to 74 years, colonoscopy use increased slightly in 2011 but was unchanged in 2012, and the findings by year for mammography were consistent with the main analysis. CONCLUSIONS Following ACA implementation with concomitant reduction in out-of-pocket expenditures, there was a statistically significant increment in mammography uptake but not colonoscopy. This suggests that affordability is a necessary but not sufficient facilitator of preventive services.
Advertising and the Consumer Movement

O THE business man, the consumer movement is a marketing symptom indicating the changing relationship between consumer buyers and sellers. These changing relationships with the accompanying changes in consumer attitudes are of a long run, continuous character. One must search beyond them for an understanding of the consumer movement. Moreover, it is only within recent years that these consumer interests and activities have developed to such a point as to be termed a "movement." The characteristic feature of this movement is the rapid development among consumers of an active interest in their economic role as consumers as differentiated from their other economic activities, as for example, producers, wage earners, etc. It is further characterized by a more or less organized effort to make effective these consumer interests. One of these end objectives is that of educating the consumer to be a wiser and more effective buyer and user of goods and services. The consumer movement is not a concerted movement. It is made up of diverse elements and groups with varying objectives and interests. However, taken together, they make up what is now known as the consumer movement. Care should be taken not to confuse any one organization with the movement. The consumer movement is further
Molecular Imprinting of 3-Hydroxybenzoic Acid: Special and General Binding Sites

A resin, imprinted with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (3HBA), was synthesized from acrylamide (AA, the functional monomer) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA, the crosslinking agent). Batch analyses showed that the imprinted polymer has a special affinity for the meta-substituted 3HBA, but not for its para-substituted isomer (4HBA) nor for benzoic acid (BA). These results are consistent with the principle that an imprinted resin’s ability to recognize is dependent on the target’s size, shape, and functionality. Another resin, prepared from AA and EGDMA but in the absence of a template, had similar affinities for 3HBA, 4HBA, and BA; and thus it could not differentiate among the three. The results can be interpreted with a simple two-binding-site model with one site special for 3HBA and the other being more general with similar affinities for 3HBA, 4HBA and BA. The binding of 3HBA to the imprinted resin is characterized by an association constant and the density of each kind of site using a two-site Scatchard equation. The binding sites common to both the imprinted resin and the non-imprinted reference resin were found to have greater affinity but are less numerous than the sites unique to the imprinted resin.
Role of sympathetic nerves during developing cardiac hypertrophy in Grollman hypertensive rats

Peak left ventricular (LV) function, during rapid volume expansion, and cardiocyte structure were studied in rats with developing cardiac hypertrophy in response to Grollman hypertension (1 kidney, 1 figure 8) after chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine. This form of renovascular hypertension led to the same magnitude of hypertrophy in rats with or without sympathectomy. Indices of peak LV function, measured during acute volume expansion, tended to be normal or slightly higher in hypertensive rats than in controls. Sympathectomy in rats with hypertension significantly improved cardiac and stroke indices while decreasing total peripheral resistance at peak cardiac output. Despite similar magnitudes of LV hypertrophy (LVH) in the two hypertensive groups, cardiocytes in sympathectomized rats had higher mitochondrial volume densities and slightly lower myofibrillar volume densities. After regional sympathectomy of the anterior portion of the LV with phenol, mitochondrial volume density increased by 21% in hypertensive rats with LVH. These data indicate that, during the development of LVH in response to renovascular hypertension, sympathetic nerves do not contribute to the magnitude of LVH but may limit improvement in peak LV performance in response to increased preload. However, sympathetic nerves do play a role in the regulation of mitochondrial and myofibril growth.
Iodoacetate-induced skeletal muscle contracture: changes in ADP, calcium, phosphate, and pH

The effects of iodoacetic acid (IAA) and ischemic contraction were studied in rat extensor digitorum longus muscles. Ischemic stimulation of IAA-treated muscles produced contracture. We measured total muscle water content, distribution of water between intracellular and extracellular spaces, creatine concentration ([Cr]), creatine phosphate concentration ([PCr]), [ATP], [Pi], intracellular pH, and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) at the onset of contracture. [ADP] was calculated from the equilibrium of the creatine kinase reaction using the measured values of [ATP], [PCr], [Cr], and pH. At the onset of contracture there was a 75% reduction of [PCr], a 12-fold increase in [ADP], and an 11-fold increase in [Ca2+]i compared with unstimulated IAA-treated muscles. [ATP] was not depleted at contracture compared with unstimulated IAA-treated muscles, and [Pi] increased less in muscles at contracture compared with stimulated control muscles. The persistent tension in contractures probably resulted from increased [Ca2+]i combined with increased myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity due to elevated [ADP] and relatively reduced intracellular acidification and [Pi].
Regression between earthquake magnitudes having errors with known variances

Recent publications on the regression between earthquake magnitudes assume that both magnitudes are affected by error and that only the ratio of error variances is known. If X and Y represent observed magnitudes, and x and y represent the corresponding theoretical values, the problem is to find the a and b of the best-fit line $y = a x + b$ . This problem has a closed solution only for homoscedastic errors (their variances are all equal for each of the two variables). The published solution was derived using a method that cannot provide a sum of squares of residuals. Therefore, it is not possible to compare the goodness of fit for different pairs of magnitudes. Furthermore, the method does not provide expressions for the x and y. The least-squares method introduced here does not have these drawbacks. The two methods of solution result in the same equations for a and b. General properties of a discussed in the literature but not proved, or proved for particular cases, are derived here. A comparison of different expressions for the variances of a and b is provided. The paper also considers the statistical aspects of the ongoing debate regarding the prediction of y given X. Analysis of actual data from the literature shows that a new approach produces an average improvement of less than 0.1 magnitude units over the standard approach when applied to $M_{w}$ vs. $m_{b}$ and $M_{w}$ vs. $M_{S}$ regressions. This improvement is minor, within the typical error of $M_{w}$ . Moreover, a test subset of 100 predicted magnitudes shows that the new approach results in magnitudes closer to the theoretically true magnitudes for only 65 % of them. For the remaining 35 %, the standard approach produces closer values. Therefore, the new approach does not always give the most accurate magnitude estimates.
Ambulatory diffuse optical tomography and multimodality physiological monitoring system for muscle and exercise applications

Ambulatory diffuse optical tomography (aDOT) is based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and enables three-dimensional imaging of regional hemodynamics and oxygen consumption during a person’s normal activities. Although NIRS has been previously used for muscle assessment, it has been notably limited in terms of the number of channels measured, the extent to which subjects can be ambulatory, and/or the ability to simultaneously acquire synchronized auxiliary data such as electromyography (EMG) or electrocardiography (ECG). We describe the development of a prototype aDOT system, called NINscan-M, capable of ambulatory tomographic imaging as well as simultaneous auxiliary multimodal physiological monitoring. Powered by four AA size batteries and weighing 577 g, the NINscan-M prototype can synchronously record 64-channel NIRS imaging data, eight channels of EMG, ECG, or other analog signals, plus force, acceleration, rotation, and temperature for 24+ h at up to 250 Hz. We describe the system’s design, characterization, and performance characteristics. We also describe examples of isometric, cycle ergometer, and free-running ambulatory exercise to demonstrate tomographic imaging at 25 Hz. NINscan-M represents a multiuse tool for muscle physiology studies as well as clinical muscle assessment.
Threats to reproductive health care: time for obstetrician-gynecologists to get involved.

To be healthy, support their families, and be productive members of their communities, women must have access to comprehensive reproductive health services including treatment of miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy and access to abortion, sterilization, and other contraceptive methods. However, in the United States, hospitals and legislative bodies are erecting barriers and limiting access to these basic health care services. These barriers are caused by factors such as hospital mergers (specifically those that are religiously affiliated); federal, state, and local legislation; hospital policies; and business-related decisions are threatening reproductive health care. Such barriers, of which women are often not even aware, put women at real risk of harm. This commentary provides clinical examples of these harms and recommends ways that obstetrician-gynecologists can get involved to publicize the consequences of these barriers and, hopefully, prevent them from occurring or break them down to promote women's health.
Design considerations of reconfigurable and tunable planar antennas

Reconfigurable and tunable antennas are getting popular because of reduced number of antennas to meet several wireless communication applications on a given devices such as Mobile phone, tablets, laptop and wireless routers. However, this benefit comes at the cost of some trade-offs such as complexity in antenna simulation design, fabrication and experimental verification including reduced antenna performance than a passive antenna. In this talk, some of these aspects will be presented based on the research work being performed at San Diego State University. Interested readers are encouraged to read reference papers for additional details.
Expanding Ambulatory Care Pharmacy Residency Education Through a Multisite University-Affiliated Model.

Introduction:As the health-care system evolves and shifts to value-based payment systems, there is a recognized need to increase the number of ambulatory care trained pharmacists.Objective:The obje...
Adding Social Determinant Data Changes Children's Hospitals' Readmissions Performance

Objectives To determine whether social determinants of health (SDH) risk adjustment changes hospital-level performance on the 30-day Pediatric All-Condition Readmission (PACR) measure and improves fit and accuracy of discharge-level models. Study design We performed a retrospective cohort study of all hospital discharges meeting criteria for the PACR from 47 hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information database from January to December 2014. We built four nested regression models by sequentially adding risk adjustment factors as follows: chronic condition indicators (CCIs); PACR patient factors (age and sex); electronic health record-derived SDH (race, ethnicity, payer), and zip code-linked SDH (families below poverty level, vacant housing units, adults without a high school diploma, single-parent households, median household income, unemployment rate). For each model, we measured the change in hospitals' readmission decile-rank and assessed model fit and accuracy. Results For the 458 686 discharges meeting PACR inclusion criteria, in multivariable models, factors associated with higher discharge-level PACR measure included age Conclusions We found that risk adjustment for SDH changed hospitals' readmissions rate rank order. Hospital-level changes in relative readmissions performance can have considerable financial implications; thus, for pay for performance measures calculated at the hospital level, and for research associated therewith, our findings support the inclusion of SDH variables in risk adjustment.
Contemporary Approaches to Mixed Methods–Grounded Theory Research: A Field-Based Analysis:

Key scholars have lauded benefits of integrating mixed methods and grounded theory—or mixed methods–grounded theory (MM-GT)—yet there have been few attempts to ascertain in what ways researchers us...
Translocal Misreadings: Eugeni d’Ors in Latin America and Transatlantic Studies Today

Gentic examines the role transatlantic intellectual discussions played in producing an idea of Latin American identity before and during Eugeni d’Ors’s visit to Argentina in 1921. She draws attention to what she calls the “planes of legibility” that allowed local readers to presume ideas from different national contexts shared universalizable philosophical ideals that were politically translocal. This process of thought, she argues, depends on readings that leave out, sublate, or transcend the material realities of local place, misplacing ideas so they can become legible to readers in other places. Put another way, she suggests that it is the epistemological movement from a specific context to an idea as placeless that makes the local legible elsewhere, a problem that remains fundamental to how critics approach transatlantic studies today.
A Raspberry-Pi Prototype of Smart Transportation

This paper proposes a prototype of a level 3 autonomous vehicle using Raspberry Pi, capable of detecting the nearby vehicles using an IR sensor. We make the first attempt to analyze autonomous vehicles from a microscopic level, focusing on each vehicle and their communications with the nearby vehicles and road-side units. Two sets of passive and active experiments on a pair of prototypes were run, demonstrating the interconnectivity of the developed prototype. Several sensors were incorporated into an emulation based on System-on-Chip to further demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed model.
Definition and History of ADHD

ADHD, the abbreviation for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, is the name coined to describe children, adolescents, and some adults, who are inattentive, easily distracted, abnormally overactive, and impulsive in their behavior. ADHD is a neurobiological “syndrome,” not a “disease,” with a specific known cause. Many different factors have been suggested as the cause of ADHD. The treatment requires several different approaches, involving medical, neuropsychological, educational, and parental disciplines. It is a “heterogeneous” disorder.
Patient understanding of, satisfaction with, and perceived utility of whole-genome sequencing: findings from the MedSeq Project.

To examine patients’ experiences with clinical use of whole-genome sequencing (WGS). A randomized trial compared primary care and cardiology patients receiving WGS and family health history (FH) information or FH information alone. 202 patients were surveyed before (BL) and up to 6 months after disclosure of results (6M). Patients (mean age = 55 years; 50% female; 81% college graduates) reported low levels of decisional regret (mean: 7.1/100) and high satisfaction with physicians’ disclosure of results (median: 29/30). Compared with the FH-only arm, patients receiving WGS results were more likely to report learning accurate disease risk information (odds ratio = 7.45) and findings influential for medical treatment (odds ratio = 2.39). Sessions where WGS results were disclosed took longer (30 vs. 15 minutes), particularly for primary care patients. Patients’ expected utility of sequencing at BL was higher than perceived utility at 6M in several domains, including impacting medical decision making (87% vs. 54%) and influencing medication choice (73% vs. 32%). Patients were satisfied with their physicians’ communication of WGS results and perceived them as medically useful. Discrepancies in expected versus perceived utility of WGS results suggest a need to temper patients’ expectations about its potential benefits.
Four-step travel demand model implementation for estimating traffic volumes on rural low-volume roads in Wyoming

This study develops a four-step travel demand model for estimating traffic volumes for low-volume roads in Wyoming. The study utilizes urban travel behavior parameters and processes modified to ref...
Interactions in Liposomal-Drug Delivery in Vivo and in Vitro

In order for any drug carrier system to be successfully developed it needs to be shown that the overall therapeutic efficacy of the drug is improved after carrier associated administration compared to administration in the free form. Successful use of such carrier systems may involve more selective delivery of the drug to its site of action and/or more controlled release of the drug systemically or at the site of action. Liposomes have been investigated extensively as a delivery system in experimental systems and initial clinical trials of some liposome-drug combinations are underway. Liposomes can interact with the in vivo biological environment, which includes plasma components and cells, by a number of ways including exchange of liposome components with lipoproteins, direct interactions with lipoproteins or proteins, adsorption to cells followed by liposome degradation, or interiorization. Interiorization probably usually occurs by endocytosis although fusion may occur to a minor extent. The relative importance of these interactions depends both on liposome type and composition and the cells with which liposomes interact. It may be possible to alter liposomal composition to facilitate or inhibit different types of interaction. The consequences of these interactions, particularly with respect to interactions with plasma components and cells of the reticuloendothelial system for the use of liposomes as a drug-delivery system are discussed. In addition, the use of liposomes as an organ selective delivery system or a cell targeted delivery system for the delivery of drugs, such as cancer chemotherapeutic agents and biological response modifiers, for the treatment of metastatic cancer are discussed.
Learning from your neighbor: The value of public participation evaluation for public policy dispute resolution

Public policy dispute resolution [PPDR] and public participation [PP] are closely related fields of practice. Despite many similarities, we identify gaps in most evaluation studies conducted in the two fields. Evaluators of PPDR can better draw upon PP evaluations. The values, concepts, objectives, and practices of PP and PPDR are compared for similarities and differences. Focusing on the last 15 years, PPDR and PP evaluation literature is analyzed, with attention to four PP evaluation studies of special relevance to PPDR. Five ways that PPDR evaluation can be improved by drawing on PP evaluation studies are identified. Two promising works that begin to bridge the PPDR-PP evaluation gap are summarized.
Treatment of osseous metastases secondary to renal cell carcinoma.

AbstractOsseous metastases occur in 25 to 50% of the patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. We retrospectively reviewed our experience with 14 patients who underwent 20 palliative orthopedic procedures for treatment of bony metastases secondary to renal cell carcinoma. Of the patients 6 presented after nephrectomy (group 1) and 8 presented initially with osseous metastases (group 2). Only 1 of the group 2 patients underwent adjunctive nephrectomy.Overall, 5 of 14 patients (36%) presented with fracture and 9 of 14 (64%) presented with impending fracture. Five patients required multiple procedures. A total of 7 lesions had been previously treated with external radiation. Of the 20 orthopedic procedures 17 (85%) resulted in significant functional improvement and 18 (90%) resulted in significant relief of pain. There were 4 major complications in the series, including 2 culminating in amputation. Average survival after palliative orthopedic procedures was 22 months (range 7 to 64 months) with a 1-year...
A Cognitive Science Approach to Neuropsychological Assessment

In the past 25 years, cognitive scientists have generated a wealth of knowledge about the structure and processes of cognition. Unfortunately, extensions of this knowledge from the experimental laboratory to clinical practice have been infrequent. We believe that the incorporation of principles from cognitive science into clinical tests makes possible a new generation of assessment instruments. In this chapter, we address methodological shortcomings of traditional intellectual and neuropsychological tests, and provide the rationale for the cognitive science approach to test construction. We then discuss a new set of neuropsychological test that we have developed based on the cognitive science approach.
Sun-to-earth propagation of the 2015 June 21 coronal mass ejection revealed by optical, EUV, and radio observations

Abstract We investigate the propagation of the 2015 June 21 CME-driven shock as revealed by the type II bursts at metric and longer wavelengths and coronagraph observations. The CME was associated with the second largest geomagnetic storm of solar cycle 24 and a large solar energetic particle (SEP) event. The eruption consisted of two M-class flares, with the first one being confined, with no metric or interplanetary radio bursts. However, there was intense microwave burst, indicating accelerated particles injected toward the Sun. The second flare was eruptive that resulted in a halo CME. The CME was deflected primarily by an equatorial coronal hole that resulted in the modification of the intensity profile of the associated SEP event and the duration of the CME at Earth. The interplanetary type II burst was particularly intense and was visible from the corona all the way to the vicinity of the Wind spacecraft with fundamental-harmonic structure. We computed the shock speed using the type II drift rates at various heliocentric distances and obtained information on the evolution of the shock that matched coronagraph observations near the Sun and in-situ observations near Earth. The depth of the geomagnetic storm is consistent with the 1-AU speed of the CME and the magnitude of the southward component.
The matrix domain of the Gag protein from avian sarcoma virus contains a PI(4,5)P2-binding site that targets Gag to the cell periphery

The Gag protein of avian sarcoma virus (ASV) lacks an N-myristoyl (myr) group, but contains structural domains similar to those of HIV-1 Gag. Similarly to HIV-1, ASV Gag accumulates on the plasma membrane (PM) before egress; however, it is unclear whether the phospholipid PI(4,5)P2 binds directly to the matrix (MA) domain of ASV Gag, as is the case for HIV-1 Gag. Moreover, the role of PI(4,5)P2 in ASV Gag localization and budding has been controversial. Here, we report that substitution of residues that define the PI(4,5)P2-binding site in the ASV MA domain (reported in an accompanying paper) interfere with Gag localization to the cell periphery and inhibit the production of virus-like particles (VLPs). We show that co-expression of Sprouty2 (Spry2) or the pleckstrin homology domain of phospholipase Cδ (PH-PLC), two proteins that bind PI(4,5)P2, affects ASV Gag trafficking to the PM and budding. Replacement of the N-terminal 32 residues of HIV-1 MA, which encode its N-terminal myr signal and its PI(4,5)P2-binding site, with the structurally equivalent N-terminal 24 residues of ASV MA created a chimera that localized at the PM and produced VLPs. In contrast, the homologous PI(4,5)P2-binding signal in ASV MA could target HIV-1 Gag to the PM when substituted, but did not support budding. Collectively, these findings reveal a basic patch in both ASV and HIV-1 Gag capable of mediating PM binding and budding for ASV but not for HIV-1 Gag. We conclude that PI(4,5)P2 is a strong determinant of ASV Gag targeting to the PM and budding.
Rechargeable redox flow batteries: flow fields, stacks and design considerations

Rechargeable redox flow batteries are being developed for medium and large-scale stationary energy storage applications. Flow batteries could play a significant role in maintaining the stability of the electrical grid in conjunction with intermittent renewable energy. However, they are significantly different from conventional batteries in operating principle. Recent contributions on flow batteries have addressed various aspects, including electrolyte, electrode, membrane, cell design, etc. In this review, we focus on the less-discussed practical aspects of devices, such as flow fields, stack and design considerations for developing high performance large-scale flow batteries. Finally, we provide suggestions for further studies on developing advanced flow batteries and large-scale flow battery stacks.
Improving Performance, Power, and Area by Optimizing Gear Ratio of Gate-Metal Pitches in Sub-10nm Node CMOS Designs

This paper presents improvements in performance, power, and area (PPA) obtained by optimizing the gear ratio (GR) between the Gate and vertical metal layer pitches in standard cells in sub-10nm node CMOS SoC designs. Changing the GR from 1:1 to 3:2 leads to better pin accessibility, routability, and higher cell density. This in turn enables a gate pitch relaxation and associated improvements in cell delay. Implementation of 3:2 GR ultra-dense cells in an SoC CPU block results in up to 17% higher performance, 4% smaller logic size, and 8% lower dynamic power at typical PVT conditions.
Cyclophanes as Platforms for Reactive Multimetallic Complexes.

ConspectusMultimetallic cofactors supported by weak-field donors frequently function as reaction centers in metalloproteins, and many of these cofactors catalyze small molecule activation (e.g., N2...
Mobile device use while crossing the street: Utilizing the theory of planned behavior.

Abstract Every year, thousands of pedestrians are killed and tens-of-thousands are nonfatally injured as a result of traffic crashes. The year 2016 holds the record for the most pedestrians killed in one year since 1990. Mobile device use while crossing the street has been associated with unsafe crossing behaviors and gait abnormalities, potentially increasing the risk of pedestrian injury or death. Expanding upon the small body of literature, the present study utilized the theory of planned behavior to guide the development of a questionnaire used to collect data from 480 adults on predictors of intentions to use a mobile device while crossing the street. Questionnaire development involved one round of expert panel review (N = 4), subsequent pilot testing of a revised questionnaire, and a test-retest reliability assessment. Results demonstrate that attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control significantly predicted the intention to use a mobile device while crossing the street in this population. Such a questionnaire can be used in the design and evaluation of TPB-based interventions to decrease distracted mobile device use while crossing the street.
Stimulation of the class-A scavenger receptor induces neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by ERK dependent NOX2 and ROMO1 activation

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a critical role in host antimicrobial response whereas they are also implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmunediseases. Generation of reactiveoxygen species (ROS) is key to NETs formation. A variety of stimulatory ligands have been found to enhance ROS production and thus trigger NETs. However, the mechanisms that connect receptor stimuli with ROS production and NETs formation remain unclear. In this study, we described a new mechanism of NETs generation in neutrophils triggered by stimulation of the class A scavenger receptor (SRA), a major subtype of scavenger receptors in response to various stimuli during infection and inflammatory disorders. By using polyinosinic acid (Poly I), a ribonucleotide ligand of SRA, we demonstrated that SRA stimulation lead to selective ERK phosphorylation, which upregulated cytosol ROS levels and induced canonical NETs formation by activating NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2). Interestingly, our results showed that mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production was also enhanced by the SRA dependent ERK activation through upregulation and activation of reactive oxygen species modulator 1(ROMO1), a mitochondrial membrane protein and a key mediator of mtROS. Moreover, inhibition of the SRA elicited ROMO1 activation dampened NETs release upon SRA stimulation. Overall, our study describes a new insight into the NETs release triggered by membrane SRA stimulation and mediated by ERK dependent NOX2 and ROMO1 activation.
Modeling Approaches and Some Physical Considerations Concerning Thermodynamics and the Theory of Mixtures Applied to Time-Dependent Behaviors in Heterogeneous Materials

Following a brief review of the theory of continuum mixtures, recent developments and applications emphasizing time-dependent behaviors of heterogeneous materials are described. Common approximations of mixture theory and related continuum homogenization schemes such as assigning material properties, boundary conditions and body forces are considered. Approaches to imposing restrictions due to the second law are discussed; traditional employment of the Clausius-Duhem inequality enforced for arbitrary processes is contrasted with maximization of the rate of entropy production applied to a functional space suitably restricted to conform with constitutive postulates. Remarks are made concerning related homogenization and thermodynamic developments, including poroelasticity, volume-averaging, local accompanying state, and linear irreversible thermodynamics. Applications to fibrous composite materials, and to additional classes of heterogeneous materials, are briefly discussed.