cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
p53-Inducible Micrornas 192 and 215 Regulate p53 Expression and IGF1 Axis in Multiple Myeloma.

Abstract 1973 Poster Board I-996 Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable neoplastic disease of B cell origin, affecting 50,000 patients in the United States, occurring in approximately 16,000 new individuals each year. In MM, mutation or deletion of p53 is rarely detected at diagnosis, although both become more frequent in advanced disease. Therapeutic activation of p53 might therefore be particularly suitable for the treatment of MM. The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has revealed a new level of regulation of protein expression. We have shown that an altered miRNA expression profile plays a role in the malignant transformation of plasma cells (PCs); we recently published the first comprehensive global microRNA expression profiles of MM, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and contrasted these expression patterns with that of normal plasma cells (PCs). Now we have used nutlin-3a, a recently developed small-molecule activator of p53, that efficiently disrupts the p53-MDM2 interaction, to profile a p53 miRNA activation pathway in the MM1s cell line. Results of the analysis have shown differential expression of 46 individual miRNAs after p53 activation, 14 showing up-regulation and 32 showing down-regulation. We confirmed our data by qRT-PCR in p53 wild type and mutated MM cell lines and in primary MM cells. Our results confirm published results; after p53 stabilization we found up-regulation of the miR-34a , but we also detected strong up-regulation of several other miRNAs. In fact we found that p53 induces two additional, mutually related clusters of miRNAs, leading to the up-regulation of miR-192 , miR-194 , and miR-215 . The same miRNAs were detected at high levels in normal plasma cells (n.3) but were severely reduced in many untreated MM samples (n.22). Here we characterize the promoter and the p53 activation site for miR-192-194 cluster on chromosome 11(q13.1) but we have also confirmed the previous published p53 consensus site for miR-215-194 cluster on chromosome 1(q41) in multiple myeloma cells. Furthermore we found that miR-192 and its cousin miR-215 but not miR-194 can each contribute to enhanced CDKN1A/p21 levels, colony suppression, cell cycle arrest in multiple myeloma cells acting directly on p53 regulation. On the other hand, we define that IGF-1 and IGFR are direct targets of miR-192-215 . In fact the re-expression of these miRNAs in multiple myeloma cells blocks their migration through both endothelial barriers and associated bone marrow stroma. Our data suggest that downstream signaling in the p53 pathway is functional in MM cells and able to induce miRNAs that play a pivotal role in cell cycle progression, mobility and invasive properties of these cells. These studies provide the basis for the development of new miRNA-targeted therapies for MM. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as an Integral Component of Interprofessional Care

Abstract Integrated care, using an interprofessional team model of care, is emerging as the standard for health care in the United States. Even though this is the standard for care, this is not always the care actually delivered. There are major opportunities for cognitive behavioral therapists (CBT) to deliver care in this model and to help advance the integrated, interprofessional delivery of care. These opportunities, and the challenges to developing a highly functioning interprofessional team are explored. ABCT members are encouraged to explore how their practice can be more aligned with interprofessional practice.
Crack Growth in Linearly Viscoelastic Media

A computational method for the analysis of initiation and quasi-static extension of a crack in a linearly viscoelastic medium subjected to a tensile mode of deformation is presented. A fracture process zone of Dugdale type is assumed in front of the crack tip. Viscoelastic and viscoplastic deformations of the fracture process zone are analyzed, and crack initiation and crack growth are considered to follow a fracture criterion of critical energy release rate. Examples are given for demonstration of the computational method.
Discovery and characterization of a high-affinity and high-specificity peptide ligand LXY30 for in vivo targeting of α3 integrin-expressing human tumors

α3β1 integrin is overexpressed in several types of human cancer and is associated with poor prognosis, metastasis, and resistance to cancer treatment. We previously identified a cyclic peptide ligand LXY1 that specifically binds to the α3β1 integrin on human glioblastoma U-87MG cells. Here, we optimized LXY1 through one-bead one-compound combinatorial library screening and site-specific modifications to improve its in vivo binding property. Three bead libraries were synthesized and whole-cell binding assays were performed. The binding capacity of individual peptide ligands against different tumor cells was determined by flow cytometry and confirmed by optical imaging. A complex joining biotinylated ligand with streptavidin-Cy5.5 was used for in vivo target imaging in both subcutaneous and orthotopic U-87MG xenograft mouse models. LXY30, a cyclic peptide with the sequence cdG-Phe(3,5-diF)-G-Hyp-NcR, emerged as the most potent and selective ligand for the α3 subunit of α3β1 integrin with improved in vitro and in vivo tumor-targeting effects compared to LXY1 in U-87MG cells. LXY30 is considerably stable in plasma as demonstrated in an in vitro stability study in 90 % human plasma. LXY30 also binds to several other known α3β1 integrin-expressing glioblastoma, lung, and breast cancer cell lines with various affinities. Our data support further investigating the role of LXY30 as a human tumor-targeting peptide ligand for systemic and intracranial delivery of imaging agents and cancer therapeutics.
Inactivation of Hepatitis a Virus and Model Viruses in Water by Free Chlorine and Monochloramine

The kinetics and extent of inactivation of hepatitis A virus (HAV) as well as three other viruses, coxsackievirus B5 (CB5) and coliphages MS2 and ϕX174, by 0.5 mg/l free chlorine, pH 6-10, and 10 mg/l monochloramine, pH 8, at 5°C in 0.01 M phosphate buffer were determined. HAV wae relatively sensitive to 0.5 mg/l free chlorine but relatively resistant to 10 mg/l monochloramine. Compared to HAV, CB5 was quite resistant to inactivation by free chlorine but similar in resistance to inactivation by monochloramine. Inactivation of ϕX174 by free chlorine was rapid at pH 6-9 and intermediate between that of HAV and CB5 at pH 10. ϕX174 was inactivated most rapidly of all viruses tested by 10 mg/l monochloramine. Inactivation of MS2 by free chlorine was somewhat more rapid than HAV at low pH but less rapid than HAV at high pH. MS2 inactivation by 10 mg/l monochloramine was slowset of all viruses tested. These reeslts indicate that HAV is inactivated relatively rapidly by free chlorine but relatively slowly by monochloramine. Coliphage MS2 is a reasonable model to predict inactivation of HAV by free chlorine and inactivation of HAV and CB5 by monochloramine. It is a poor model for predicting free chlorine inactivation of CB5 and perhaps some other human enteric viruses.
Measuring Psychometric Functions With the Diffusion Model

The diffusion decision model (Ratcliff, 1978) was used to examine discrimination for a range of perceptual tasks: numerosity discrimination, number discrimination, brightness discrimination, motion discrimination, speed discrimination, and length discrimination. The model produces a measure of the quality of the information that drives decision processes, a measure termed drift rate in the model. As drift rate varies across experimental conditions that differ in difficulty, a psychometric function that plots drift rate against difficulty can be constructed. Psychometric functions for the tasks in this article usually plot accuracy against difficulty, but for some levels of difficulty, accuracy can be at ceiling. The diffusion model extends the range of difficulty that can be evaluated because drift rates depend on response times (RTs) as well as accuracy, and when RTs decrease across conditions that are all at ceiling in accuracy, then drift rates will distinguish among the conditions. Signal detection theory assumes that the variable driving performance is the z-transform of the accuracy value, and, somewhat surprisingly, this closely matches drift rate extracted from the diffusion model when accuracy is not at ceiling, but not sometimes when accuracy is high. Even though the functions are similar in the middle of the range, the interpretations of the variability in the models (e.g., perceptual variability, decision process variability) are incompatible.
Simultaneous Measurements of Scalar and Velocity in a Mach 5 Turbulent Boundary Layer using Naphthalene PLIF and PIV

Scalar transport in a Mach 5 boundary layer is investigated using planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of a low-temperature sublimating ablator (naphthalene). Naphthalene vapor is introduced into the flow by ablation of a solid naphthalene plug located upstream of the imaging field of view and mounted flush with the wind tunnel floor. The naphthalene PLIF technique is used quantitatively, and is employed simultaneously with PIV to acquire two-dimensional fields of naphthalene mole fraction and velocity. The naphthalene mole fraction was measured with an uncertainty of ± 20%. The turbulent scalar structures between 0 < y/δ < 0.2 had a naphthalene mole fraction on the order of 1.5 × 10-4, which is approximately 6% of the saturation mole fraction in the boundary layer. The naphthalene vapor structures were primarily confined within y/δ < 0.4 and these large-scale naphthalene vapor structures appeared to coincide with regions of relatively low streamwise velocity. However, a correlation between naphthalene mole fraction and wall-normal velocity was not obvious from a visual inspection of the simultaneous image sets. Profiles of velocity and naphthalene mole fraction were both shown to exhibit logarithmic behavior from 100 < y+ < 300 when plotted in wall units, in agreement with several previous works. Root-mean-square profiles of the naphthalene mole fraction and velocity in the boundary layer were also acquired and the two profiles appeared similar, with the peak r.m.s. values occurring at the wall, then exhibiting a steady decay away from the wall. Lastly, by calculating the covariance of with respect to and , it was demonstrated that regions of high scalar coincided with negative fluctuations in streamwise velocity and positive fluctuations in wallnormal velocity away from the wall, indicating that an ejection mechanism is transporting low-momentum, high-scalar-concentration fluid away from the wall.
Ultrastructural Features of the Cells of Dufour's Gland and Associated Structures in the Carpenter Bee, Xylocopa virginica virginica (L.) (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae)

The cells of Dufour's gland and of the associated visceral muscle and nerve of the carpenter bee, Xylocopa virginica virginica (L.), were studied with light and electron microscopes. The gland cells revealed short microvilli, interdigitations of plasma membrane-limited projections, associated glycocalyx and cuticle, a single nucleus with one to four nucleoli, many free ribonucleoprotein particles, septate junctions, and numerous mitochondria and microtubules. Many tracheoles accompanied the gland cells, the associated visceral muscle, and unmyelinated nerve. The muscle cells contained myofibrils, composed of thin and thick myofilaments. The myofilaments were somewhat greater in diameter than usually encountered, and their disposition patterns were irregular. Transverse tubules, A and I bands, and Z lines were present, but no H bands or dyads were seen. The nerve cell processes contained mitochondria, neurotubules, and, as they approached muscle cells, neurosecretory vesicles with electron-dense or electron-transparent contents. Carpenter bee Dufour's glands are compared with those of the megachilid Osmia cornifrons (Radoszkowski).
On the Entertainment Television Show “Edutainment” Function and Role——to Make Progress Every Day Program as an Example

the "edutainment" is in the arts and entertainment as one of the integration,which is the future development trend of TV entertainment programs.The Hunan satellite TV entertainment program "launched in 2008 to make progress every day",has been the audience the respected and loved,in addition to host the popular idol group and excellent art," edutainment" is the important factor of success,it not only improves the TV ratings,but also affect the social atmosphere,lead value orientation of cultural knowledge,growth has positive influence and effect of several.
Provenance as Essential Infrastructure for Data Lakes

The Data Lake is emerging as a Big Data storage and management solution which can store any type of data at scale and execute data transformations for analysis. Higher flexibility in storage increases the risk of Data Lakes becoming data swamps. In this paper we show how provenance contributes to data management within a Data Lake infrastructure. We study provenance integration challenges and propose a reference architecture for provenance usage in a Data Lake. Finally we discuss the applicability of our tools in the proposed architecture.
A Roesser model based multidimensional systems approach for grid sensor networks

Using the Givone-Roesser model for m-D systems, a method for distributed information processing in rectangular grid based sensor networks is presented. The method enables a distributed implementation of linear systems on a sensor network. Nonlinearities caused by quantization schemes used for in node computations and inter node communication are modeled. Global asymptotic stability of the system under quantization is analyzed. Special consideration is given to the effect of internode communication in system stability.
The case for using objective scoring systems to predict intensive care unit outcome.

The ability to accurately determine prognosis and predict outcome would greatly improve the practice of medicine in ICUs. Quantitative risk assessment not only would enhance clinical practice, but would contribute to the evaluation of quality patient care, facilitation analysis of the overall performance of the ICU compared with other units or national standards, provision of a useful adjunct to clinical research, and allowance for just distribution of ICU resources.
The plans, goals, and concerns of pre-emancipated youth in foster care

Abstract This study focuses on the plans, goals, and concerns of foster care youth prior to leaving care. Participants were 179 pre-emancipated youth between the ages of 17 and 20 years old ( M = 17.82, SD = 0.79) from a large metropolitan area in Southern California. Self-articulated immediate plans were grouped into 4 major categories and self-articulated life goals were grouped into 10 categories while also examining the prioritization of, estimated time frame for, and youth's sense of control over their life goals. Survey and interview data reveal the importance of educational and occupational life goals and their prioritization. Youth reported a high level of certainty in their immediate plans, but the youth were less explicit in describing their immediate plans for the year after foster care. Foster youth may have difficulty identifying concrete steps to make plans a reality despite their ideas for the future. Youths' worries and concerns about their post-emancipation plans and life goals typically centered around academics and finances. This study contributes to the limited literature on the life goals and plans for foster youth; these results reinforce the need for greater support in planning and goal setting prior to emancipation.
Hit pause: Developmental arrest in annual killifishes and their close relatives

Killifishes survive and persist in extreme environments by exploiting both aquatic and terrestrial habitats for egg deposition, and by adjusting the length of development to match availability of water to support larval growth and maturation. Annual killifishes persist in ephemeral bodies of water through the production of drought-tolerant embryos. Survival of the environmental stresses associated with their highly variable and seasonal habitat is supported by their ability to enter into at least two states of metabolic and developmental dormancy, diapause or quiescence. There are three stages of diapause in annual killifishes, one occurring prior to gastrulation, one about midway through development, and one in late pre-hatching embryos. Quiescence may occur at any developmental stage. In addition, delayed hatching is known to occur in close relatives of the annual killifishes, and may be superficially confused with pre-hatching diapause. These types of developmental delay are induced by different cues and serve different purposes in the life history of the species. Thus, it is likely that the molecular mechanisms that induce dormancy and support survival are unique in each case. It is imperative that we properly define these forms of developmental dormancy in our studies in order to put our results into the proper ecological and evolutionary context. Here the unique characteristics of these distinct categories of developmental delay are reviewed. Developmental Dynamics 246:858-866, 2017. © 2017 The Authors Developmental Dynamics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.
Urban Integrated Pest Management in Kentucky—A Case Study

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles and techniques were applied to woody landscape plants and turfgrasses in the urban landscape in Louisville during the 1980-83 growing seasons. The program, at first directed towards professional horticulturists and institutional grounds maintenance persons, gradually grew to include commercial nurserymen and homeowners. Operating procedures, pricing strategies, and use of personnel changed each year of the program to take advantage of previous experience. Developing this program provided an opportunity to learn about the various ways that this and similar programs nlight succeed or fail.
Psycho-social Antecedents of Research Potentiality among Graduate Students: A SEM Approach

Research training and practice at graduate levels are intended to enhance scientific and systems thinking for future work and life. In order to promote graduate success in research, antecedents of research potentiality were investigated. Data from 551 Thai graduate students in social sciences and education were analyzed through path analysis technique. Research potentiality was influenced by psychological state, which accounted for 87% of the variance. The most favorable factor in the psychological state was attitudes towards research, followed by scientific reasoning. Furthermore, psychological trait and situational factor directly affected psychological state, which accounted for 89% of the variance. The most important factor for psychological trait was consideration of future consequences, followed by academic habit. The strongest factor in the situational group was guidance and descriptive norm, followed by learning atmosphere. These findings shed light for researcher development in behavioral science and higher education.
TriX: Triangle counting at extreme scale

Triangle counting is widely used in many applications including spam detection, link recommendation, and social network analysis. The DARPA Graph Challenge seeks a scalable solution for triangle counting on big graphs. In this paper we present TriX, a scalable triangle counting framework, which is comprised of a 2-D graph partition strategy and a binary search based intersection algorithm designed for GPUs. The 2-D partition provides balanced work division among multiple GPUs. On the other hand, binary search based intersection achieves fine-grained parallelism on GPUs via intra-warp scheduling and coalesced memory access. TriX is able to scale to a large number of GPUs, and count triangles on billion-node graph (2 billion node, 64 billion edges) within 35 minutes, achieving over 16 million traverse edges per second (TEPS).
The role of student passions inside the engineering curriculum

What gap exists between the kind of engineer an engineering program seeks to educate and the ways in which engineering students want their engineering education to engage them? This paper explores such a gap at Colorado School of Mines. Analysis of campus values and student passions through two surveys given in spring 2016 reveal incongruence in campus culture. The students and faculty currently value professional and financial success but aspire to value integrity, ethics and addressing complex problems. Further, surveyed students reported passions outside of engineering. However, just over half of students have been able to develop their non-technical passions at Colorado School of Mines while almost 90% believe developing those passions will make them a better engineer. To explain and rectify this mismatch, results are discussed in terms of three engineering education frameworks: culture disengagement in engineering education, the concept of “engineer and”, and calls to include the “whole” student in the learning process.
Isogeometric analysis of multi-phase flows with surface tension and with application to dynamics of rising bubbles

Abstract A novel multi-phase flow formulation using a level-set-based interface-capturing approach is proposed, focusing on addressing numerical challenges associated with the modeling of surface tension. The surface tension is handled through the continuum surface force model. The residual-based variational multiscale (RBVMS) formulation is employed to solve the coupled Navier–Stokes and level-set convection equations. The RBVMS formulation is discretized using either standard low-order finite elements, or Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) based on Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS), which are higher-order accurate and smooth. The proposed method is applied to the simulation of 3D bubbles moving in viscous liquids with large density and viscosity ratios representative of common two-phase flow systems. The accuracy of the proposed method is assessed by comparing the results with analytical solutions, experimental data, and computational results, reported in the literature. In all cases IGA showed superior performance to standard finite elements; this superiority is attributed to the higher-order accuracy of IGA and its ability to directly and accurately compute, using smooth NURBS functions, the curvature term, which is a key ingredient the surface tension formulation. For single-bubble rising problems, the proposed approach produced accurate predictions of the terminal bubble shape, velocity and Reynolds number. The advanced nature of the new multi-phase flow formulation is demonstrated with a simulation of merging of two bubbles in the presence of a deforming free-surface.
A Pricing Model for Value of Gas Regulation Function of Natural Resources Ecosystems (Case Study: Sheikh Musa Rangeland, Mazandaran Province, Iran)

Rangeland ecosystems provide a wide range of services such as gas regulation function whose economic value has not been understood. The present study aimed to estimate the economic value of CO2 absorption and oxygen generation services using unit price in Sheikh Musa Rangeland, Mazandaran Province, Iran. In the study area, clipping and weight and photosynthesis methods were applied to estimate dry matter production, CO2 absorption, and oxygen production. Also, Shadow price, Replacement cost, and Social cost methods priced the economic value of gas regulation function differently. Finally, their means were compared and their geometric mean was used as the unit price; then, the economic value of the function was estimated in 2016. Results showed that Sheikh Musa Rangeland ecosystem annually produces 2081.4 t dry matters and 2454 t oxygen and absorbs 7294.15 t CO2. Given the estimated price, the value of CO2 absorption function was found to be 7264.6 million IRR and the economic value of oxygen production was calculated as 3,852 million IRR per year. In overall, the economic value of Sheikh Musa ecosystem was estimated as 11117.4 million IRR (318364 US $) per year and 1.06 million IRR per ha. Given the valuation that shows the minimum value of Sheikh Musa ecosystem and high importance of its gas regulation function, it is recommended to conduct further studies on pricing models for Rangeland ecosystems and to apply environmental management practices for the sake of Rangeland and local health.
Vaginal transmission of SIV: assessing infectivity and hormonal influences in macaques inoculated with cell-free and cell-associated viral stocks.

Cell associated and cell-free simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) were used to investigate transmission of SIV across the vaginal mucosa of rhesus macaques. The intact vaginal epithelium was found to be a strong but penetrable barrier to cell-free SIV infection. We found that 10,000-fold more cell-free SIV was needed to infect 100% of the macaques by the vaginal route when compared to the dose needed to infect 100% by the intravenous (i.v.) route. Like cell-free SIV, cell-associated SIV was an efficient means of transmission if given by the i.v. route; as few as 2 SIV-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were infectious inoculum. However, macaques were resistant to cell-associated SIV when exposed by the vaginal route; 10,000 SIV-infected PBMC failed to infect vaginally inoculated macaques. It was also found that vaginal transmission of cell-free SIV to macaques increased during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle compared to the follicular phase. Results with this animal model predict that cell-free human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is likely to be the more efficient mode of HIV vaginal transmission and that susceptibility may vary during the menstrual cycle.
Variable Metric Methods

We learned in the last chapter that Newton’s method has higher rate of convergence. Could we extend Newton’s method to higher dimensions? We study this question in this chapter.
Forming discontinuous fiber arrays by fracture of lubricated carbon-filament tows

This paper presents the results of a set of continuous-filament-tow fracturing experiments designed to produce highly collimated discontinuous-fiber-arrays with well-dispersed fractures. Discontinuous-fiber-arrays have at least two uses: reinforcing a matrix phase at high volume fraction and, when impregnated with a fluid, performing as a microrheometer. The lubricating fluid used for these experiments is uncured TCR epoxy, which may be stored at room temperature for up to one year. Tows with gauge lengths of 287, 362 and 400 mm were fractured into discontinuous fibers arrays during extension at four percent strain/min. Weibull analysis showed singlet failures were responsible for the fracture process of the two largest gauge length samples and multiplet failures accounted for the bulk of fracture at the shortest gauge length. Normal distributions approximated the filament length distribution at all gauge lengths. The longest gauge sample had the best distribution of filament breaks and had an average fiber length of 207 mm and a standard deviation of 65 mm.
Serpentinite and the search for life beyond Earth.

Hydrogen from serpentinization is a source of chemical energy for some life forms on Earth. It is a potential fuel for life in the subsurface of Mars and in the icy ocean worlds in the outer solar ...
Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Self-Association of Synthetic Collagen and Spider Silk Composite System for Biomaterial Applications

Bio-composite materials with optimal mechanical and structural properties and capability of cell differentiation are crucial for tissue engineering. Synthetic collagen proteins with lengths of approximately 10 nanometers, along with natural spider silk proteins provide an opportunity for development of an optimal biomaterial for scaffolding applications in tissue engineering. This combines unique mechanical, structural and biological properties of two of the nature’s best polymer proteins, albeit the collagen used in the present work is of the synthetic nature, it mimics the properties and advantages of natural collagen itself. In the present work, we study the binding capability of these proteins at a molecular level via molecular dynamics modeling. Spider silk and synthetic collagen protein molecular models in biophysical saline conditions under standard pressure and temperature are investigated to understand if natural binding occurs between the two without any other external factors. An initial minimum separation of 10 angstroms between the proteins was used. Binding was observed between the two proteins throughout the dynamic simulation of 100 nanoseconds. The radius of gyration and minimum distance between the proteins shows a decreasing separation between the two proteins until a stable distance of 2.5 nanometers and 0.2 nanometers respectively, is achieved. Binding is further observed between the proteins via formation of strong and stable hydrogen bonds. A hydrogen bond between collagen Proline- 31 and silk Serine-96 was observed to be the most stable and frequent bond between the single collagen and silk system. Results clearly indicate a self-assembly behavior of these two systems illustrating their potential as a biomaterial for tissue engineering.
Stem Cell Transplant and Palliative Care: Joining Forces to Improve Survivor Quality of Life

Incorporating palliative care (PC) is becoming the standard of care for patients with advanced solid tumors but stem cell transplant (SCT) patients infrequently receive early referral to PC. This may be due to a variety of reasons, including persistence of the belief that treatment aimed at cure contradicts the indication for palliative care. The purpose of this pilot project was to assess physical and psychological symptom burden in a baseline group of 30 patients undergoing autologous or allogeneic SCT. This was a prospective quality improvement project designed to obtain baseline data for use in developing a PC intervention of SCT patients. A simple modified 16-question Edmonton Symptom Assessment Survey (ESAS) was self-administered using an iPAD by 15 autologous and 15 allogeneic SCT patients just prior to admission (Time 1), and at time points T+10 (Time 2), and T+30 (Time 3). Tiredness was the most severe of all symptoms at all time points. Patients undergoing allogeneic SCT compared to autologous SCT reported higher levels of all symptoms at all time points. The differences between allogeneic vs autologous SCT approached significance for depression (p=.079) and anxiety (p=.063) at T1, tiredness (p=.064) at T2, and depression (p=.072) and tiredness (p=.056) at T3. The influences of type of SCT, age, gender, marital status on overall wellbeing, tiredness, pain, anxiety and depression were examined through linear regressions. The model for tiredness at T3 was the only significant model (adj.R2 = .376, p=.013), with gender and type of transplant making significant contributions. Palliative care integration offers the opportunity to add an additional layer of support to meet short term needs of SCT patients as well as symptoms arising in post-transplant survivorship. If PC resources are limited, this baseline assessment suggests allogeneic SCT patients are at higher risk for physical and psychological symptoms than autologous SCT patients.
The increase of impervious cover and decrease of tree cover within urban areas globally (2012–2017)

Trees in cities provide numerous benefits to society by altering the local physical, biological and social environment, providing billions of dollars in annual benefits. How tree and other cover types vary and are changing globally within urban areas is currently unknown. Photo-interpretation was used to determine current urban cover (tree, impervious, grass, other cover) percentages and recent changes in cover types throughout the world. Within existing urban areas, the average global urban tree cover had a slight, but statistically significant decline from 26.7 % to 26.5 % (c. 2012–2017), or a loss of about 40,000 ha per year. All continents exhibited a loss in urban tree cover except for Europe; the greatest decrease in percent tree cover was in Africa. Concurrent with tree loss was an increase in impervious cover among all continents, which globally had a statistically significant increase from 24.3 % to 25.9 % (326,000 ha/year). Urban tree cover was significantly different among forested (30.6 %), grassland (18.5 %) and desert regions (12.6 %). Understanding global urban cover type variation and changes can improve global assessments and help guide forest management to improve environmental quality in cities.
Catalyst: Qubits from the Bottom Up

Yi Liu obtained his PhD degree in chemistry in 2004 from the University of California, Los Angeles, under the direction of Sir J. Fraser Stoddart. After his postdoctoral research with Prof. Barry Sharpless at the Scripps Research Institute, he joined the Molecular Foundry in 2006 as a staff scientist and has been directing the Organic and Macromolecular Synthesis Facility since 2016. Francesca M. Toma obtained a PhD in physics from Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati with Profs. Scoles and Prato, was a Marie Curie researcher with Profs. Wudl and Stucky at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and was a postdoctoral scholar with Prof. Fischer at the University of California, Berkeley. She has been a staff scientist in the Chemical Sciences Division since 2013 and the Materials Integration Thrust Coordinator at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis since 2017.
Facial Expression Recognition with Deep Learning.

One of the most universal ways that people communicate is through facial expressions. In this paper, we take a deep dive, implementing multiple deep learning models for facial expression recognition (FER). Our goals are twofold: we aim not only to maximize accuracy, but also to apply our results to the real-world. By leveraging numerous techniques from recent research, we demonstrate a state-of-the-art 75.8% accuracy on the FER2013 test set, outperforming all existing publications. Additionally, we showcase a mobile web app which runs our FER models on-device in real time.
Domestic violence mandatory arrest policies and arrests for same-sex and opposite-sex intimate partner violence after legalization of same-sex marriage in the United States

Historically, legal protection for survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) in same-sex relationships has been lacking. This changed with the 2015 United States Supreme Court’s decision in Ober...
For Wnt Signaling, Fucosylation of LRP6 Is a Bitter Pill.

In this issue of Cell Chemical Biology, Hong et al. (2020) use in situ chemoenzymatic labeling to discover that fucosylation of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 induces its endocytosis and downregulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Their findings reveal a glycosylation-based mechanism for regulating Wnt signaling that could be targeted in cancer.
Nonlinear Flexural Vibrations of Thin Circular Rings

The non-linear flexural vibrations of thin circular rings are analyzed by means of the appropriate "shallow shell" equations. These partial differential equations are reduced to non-linear ordinary differential equations by assuming vibration modes and applying Galerkin's procedure. Vibrations involving primarily a single bending mode are investigated for three distinct cases, and the results indicate that the basic features of the problem are exhibited by an inextensional analysis. This information is then applied to simplify the analysis of vibrations in which several modes participate. A study of "self-coupled" bending modes shows that the single mode solution is valid only for certain combinations of amplitude and frequency: when the single mode exceeds a "critical amplitude", its companion mode is parametrically excited and participates in the motion. The general inextensional case (involving an infinite number of modes) is examined for two important sets of forces, and possible solutions are shown to be the excitation of primarily one or two bending modes. Stability analyses of these solutions indicate that when certain restrictions are met, all other bending modes play only a minor part in the vibration. An experimental study of the problem was also conducted. Theory and experiment both indicate a non-linearity of the softening type, the presence of ultraharmonic responses, and the appearance of the companion mode. Measurements of the steady-state response are in good agreement with the calculated values, and the experimentally determined mode shapes agree with the form of the assumed deflection. The analytical and experimental results exhibit several features that are common to the non-linear vibration of axisymmetric systems in general and to circular cylindrical shells in particular.
Is the Reliability of Objective Originality Scores Confounded by Elaboration

In recognition of the capability of text-mining models to quantify aspects of language use, some creativity researchers have adopted text-mining models as a mechanism to objectively and efficiently...
Training and Verbal Communications in Human-Autonomy Teaming Under Degraded Conditions

Verbal communication is important for coordination and performance in many team settings. However, the inclusion of autonomous artificial agents presents challenges to teamwork. This study sought to examine the effects of three different training approaches on team communication behaviors in human-autonomy teams (HATs) under normal and degraded conditions. Teams were split into three conditions prior to execution of missions in a remotely piloted aircraft system task environment: coordination training, calibration training, and control training. Analysis of text communications indicated that teams that received coordination training push information more frequently compared to teams that received control or calibration training, though this effect appeared to diminish over time. Teams in all three conditions pulled information equally, with a reduction in frequency over time. It was also found that teams that received coordination training were more likely to overcome failures attributed to the autonomous agent's cognitive capacities. This research suggests that coordination training in HATs may be effective at influencing team verbal behaviors, however the extent of this effect requires further examination.
Defect-free care trends in the Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program, 2008-2018.

Background In an effort to improve stroke quality of care and patient outcomes, quality of care metrics are monitored to assess utilization of evidence-based stroke care processes as part of the Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program (PCNASP). We aimed to assess temporal trends in defect-free care (DFC) received by stroke patients in the PCNASP between 2008 and 2018. Methods Quality of care data for 10 performance measures were available for 849,793 patients aged ≥18 years who were admitted to a participating hospital with a clinical diagnosis of stroke between 2008 and 2018. A patient who receives care according to all performance measures for which they are eligible, receives “defect-free care” (DFC) (eg, appropriate medications, assessments, and education). Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the factors associated with receipt of DFC. Results DFC among ischemic stroke patients increased from 38.0% in 2008 to 80.8% in 2018 (P Conclusions From 2008 to 2018, receipt of DFC by ischemic stroke patients significantly increased in the PCNASP; however certain subgroups were less likely to receive this level of care. Targeted quality improvement initiatives could result in even further improvements among all stroke patients and help reduce disparities in care.
Radiographic Reread Protocols to Identify Clinically Relevant Errors in Initial Trauma Evaluations.

IntroductionDiagnostic radiology interpretive errors in trauma patients can lead to missed diagnoses, compromising patient care. Due to this, our level II trauma center implemented a reread protoco...
Dynamic tuning of near-field radiative transport between an overlapping pair of movable comb-like metamaterials

We present a theoretical study of nanoscale radiative thermal transport between an overlapping pair of movable comb-like SiO2 gratings by an improved and more accurate near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) method. This method does not rely on the effective medium theory (EMT) that does not take the geometric shape factors of nanostructures into account. Contrary to the EMT treating the grating structure as a homogeneous film, our improved NFRHT method can accurately predict the change of heat flux between the overlapping nanogratings for different scenarios considering surface pattern effects. The longitudinal and lateral movements of the comb-like overlapping nanogratings have been investigated to evaluate the dynamic control of NFRHT, which can be significantly modulated, resulting in heat flux ratios up to 23.5 and 5.5, respectively, for small-scale displacements. Furthermore, the NFRHT between overlapping non-contact metamaterials can exceed the intrinsic heat conduction limit for a contact mode by an order of magnitude while properly adjusting the period and relative position of the overlapping nanogratings. By taking advantage of movable metamaterials, the dynamic tuning of NFRHT and light manipulation can provide great benefit to the fields of energy harvesting and conversion, infrared sensing and detection, and thermal management technology.
Electrospray deposition for single nanoparticle studies

Single entity electrochemical (SEE) studies that can probe activities and heterogeneity in activities at nanoscale require samples that contain single and isolated particles. Single, isolated nanoparticles are achieved here with electrospray deposition of colloidal nanoparticle solutions, with simple instrumentation. Role of three electrospray (ES) parameters, viz. spray distance (emitter tip-to-substrate distance), ES current and emitter tip diameter, in the ES deposition of single Au nano-octahedra (Au ODs) is examined. The ES deposition of single, isolated Au ODs are analyzed in terms of percentage of single NPs and local surface density of deposition. The local surface density of ES deposition of single Au ODs was found to increase with decrease in spray distance and emitter tip diameter, and increase in ES current. While the percentage of single particle ES deposition increased with increase in spray distance and decrease in emitter tip size. No significant change in the single Au ODs ES deposition percentage was observed with change in ES current values included in this study. The most favourable conditions in the ES deposition of Au ODs in this study resulted in the local surface density of 0.26 ± 0.05 single particles per μm2 and observation of 96.3% single Au OD deposition.
Fundamental Limits of Loss Sensing over Bosonic Channels

We consider the problem of estimating unknown loss η over $n$ uses of single-mode lossy thermal noise bosonic channel under an average photon number constraint per mode. We prove that a product of $n$ two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) states achieves minimal quantum Cramer-Rao bound (QCRB) over Gaussian quantum states in this scenario, and characterize the optimal receiver structure. We show that TMSV minimizes QCRB over all quantum states in the limit of low input photon number. Finally, we compare the performance of our optimal receiver for TMSV to other receivers.
Peanuts or An Isocaloric Lower Fat, Higher Carbohydrate Nighttime Snack Have Similar Effects on Fasting Glucose in Adults with Elevated Fasting Glucose Concentrations: A 6-Week Randomized Crossover Trial.

BACKGROUND The glycemic effects of peanuts are not well-studied and no trials have been conducted in adults with elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Furthermore, intake of peanuts as a nighttime snack, an eating occasion affecting FPG, has not been examined. OBJECTIVE The aim was to determine the effect of consuming 28 g/d of peanuts as a nighttime snack for 6-weeks on glycemic control and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, compared to an isocaloric lower fat, higher carbohydrate (LFHC) snack (whole grain crackers and low-fat cheese), in adults with elevated FPG. METHODS In a randomized crossover trial, 50 adults (FPG 100 ± 8 mg/dL) consumed dry roasted, unsalted, peanuts (164 kcal; 11% E carbohydrate, 17% E protein, and 73% E fat) or a LFHC (164 kcal; 54% E carbohydrate, 17% E protein, and 33% E fat) as a nightly snack (after dinner and before bedtime) for 6-wk with a 4-wk washout period. Primary (FPG) and secondary endpoints (Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), weight, insulin, fructosamine, lipids/lipoproteins, central and peripheral blood pressure, and pulse wave velocity) were evaluated at the beginning and end of each condition. Linear mixed models were used for data analysis. RESULTS FPG was not different between peanuts vs. LFHC (endpoint mean difference -0.6 mg/dL; 95% CI -2.7, 1.6; P = 0.67). There were no between-condition effects for secondary cardiometabolic endpoints. The HEI-2015 score was not different between the conditions (3.6 points; P = 0.19), although seafood/plant protein (2.0 points; P < 0.01) and added sugar (0.8 points; P = 0.04) components were improved following peanut intake. The whole grain component was lower with peanuts vs. LFHC (-2.6 points; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION In adults with elevated FPG, peanuts as a nighttime snack (28 g/d) did not affect FPG vs. an isocaloric LFHC snack after 6-weeks.Clinical trial registration: NCT03654651This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03654651.
Modulation of endothelial cell apoptosis by heme oxygenase-1-derived carbon monoxide.

It is well established that expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) acts in a cytoprotective manner in a variety of cell types, including in endothelial cells (EC). We have recently shown that HO-1 expression protects EC from undergoing apoptosis. We have also shown that the antiapoptotic effect of HO-1 is mediated through heme catabolism into the gas carbon monoxide (CO). In this review, we discuss the possible molecular mechanisms by which HO-1-derived CO suppresses EC apoptosis. We will review data suggesting that the antiapoptotic effect of CO acts through the activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway and requires the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), as well as the expression of a subset of NF-κB-dependent antiapoptotic genes.
Innovative research and laboratory experiences for undergraduate students

Students majoring in Engineering Technology programs at Western Washington University (USA) have many opportunities to participate in unique undergraduate research experiences and innovative laboratory programs. This paper describes the methods used by the faculty to integrate innovative design experiences into the undergraduate programs at Western Washington University. The CIM projects in the Manufacturing Engineering Technology program are used to illustrate how undergraduate students can have their own creativity and learning stimulated by creating learning tools for K-12 programs. Faculty workload issues are also discussed. Finally, the paper describes another step in the integration process at Western Washington University-a new curricular model that will focus on high-end CAE packages and rapid prototyping to enhance laboratory experiences and undergraduate research programs.