cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
BCL6 attenuates DNA damage sensing in normal and malignant B-cells by directly repressing ATR.

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006 5651 The BCL6 (B-Cell-Lymphoma-6) transcriptional repressor is a critical oncogene in B-cell lymphomas and is required for establishment of germinal centers by normal B-cells. However, the mechanisms by which BCL6 licenses germinal center formation and lymphomagenesis are unknown. To characterize this mechanism we identified BCL6 target genes by expression arrays and high throughput chromatin immunoprecipitations. Remarkably, a number of these target genes were critical mediators of DNA damage sensing checkpoints including ATR and p53. Therefore, we hypothesized that BCL6 could attenuate DNA damage sensing by silencing these genes, which is likely a critical attribute for survival and proliferation of germinal center B-cells undergoing somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR). Accordingly, we found that expression of BCL6 in normal diploid fibroblasts could block cellular sensing of DNA damage as demonstrated by loss of histone 2AX (H2AX) phosphorylation and delayed repair of double strand breaks, shown by COMET assays. Repression of ATR (but not p53 or other targets) was required for this phenotype. This is a physiological effect since the same result was observed when BCL6 was expressed in purified primary human tonsilar naive B-cells. Reciprocally, shRNA knockdown of BCL6 in B-cell lymphomas rescued repression of ATR, enhanced H2AX phosphorylation and accelerated repair of double strand breaks, independent of the status of p53. shRNA knockdown of BCL6 caused a marked increase of apoptosis in lymphoma cells in response to DNA damage, due to restored DNA damage checkpoint functions. Importantly, BCL6 knockdown had an identical effect on ATR levels, H2AX phosphorylation, DNA damage, and survival in purified primary human germinal center centroblasts. These results suggest that a major role of BCL6 in germinal center formation is to attenuate cellular response to DNA damage occurring as a byproduct of CSR and SHM. The same mechanism also seems to be required for lymphomagenesis, since we observed that sustained BCL6 expression in human primary mature B-cells leads to aberrant survival properties and genomic instability. Moreover, BCL6 blockade using a specific inhibitor molecule designed by our lab induces apoptosis in lymphoma cells and synergizes with DNA damaging agents. Therefore, we have identified a critical mechanism of action of the BCL6 oncoprotein in normal and pathogenic states and show that specific targeting of BCL6 could synergize with chemotherapy drugs for the therapy of B-cell lymphomas.
Noradrenergic Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampal CA1 Region

Katsuki, Hiroshi, Yukitoshi Izumi, and Charles F. Zorumski. Noradrenergic regulation of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal CA1 region. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 3013–3020, 1997. The effects of norep...
Glucosylation of Lipopolysaccharide in Salmonella: Biosynthesis of O Antigen Factor 122 II. STRUCTURE OF THE LIPID INTERMEDIATE

Abstract The glucose-lipid intermediate involved in the transfer of glucosyl residues to O side chains of Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide has been characterized. It is stable to alkali and labile to acid, contains one phosphorus for one glucose, and releases a glucose phosphate in very good yields when reduced in the presence of a platinum catalyst. The glucose phosphate was blocked at C-1, was hydrolyzed by phosphomonoesterase, was not a substrate for phosphoglucomutase, and behaved slightly differently from α-d-glucose 1-phosphate on paper chromatography. These data and the observation that it is hydrolyzed more than twice as rapidly in 1 n HCl as α-d-glucose 1-phosphate indicates that the compound obtained from the intermediate is β-d-glucose 1-phosphate. Catalytic hydrogenation also releases a single, nonpolar lipid; this lipid, obtained from 3H-glucosyl 14C-lipid, appeared to be identical with the reduced lipid obtained from rhamnosylgalactosyl-1-pyrophosphorylundecaprenol on thin layer chromatography. These and other results (e.g. ease of cleavage of phosphate-lipid bond by hydrogenolysis, degradation of the lipid moiety on acid hydrolysis, and results of reverse phase chromatography) suggest that the lipid moiety of the glucose-lipid is a polyisoprenol phosphate, which is either identical or very similar to undecaprenol phosphate.
Quantitative T2* (T2 Star) Relaxation Times Predict Site Specific Proteoglycan Content and Residual Mechanics of the Intervertebral Disc Throughout Degeneration

Degeneration alters the biochemical composition of the disc, affecting the mechanical integrity leading to spinal instability. Quantitative T2* MRI probes water mobility within the macromolecular network, a potentially more sensitive assessment of disc health. We determined the relationship between T2* relaxation time and proteoglycan content, collagen content, and compressive mechanics throughout the degenerative spectrum. Eighteen human cadaveric lumbar (L4-L5) discs were imaged using T2* MRI. The T2* relaxation time at five locations (nucleous pulposus or NP, anterior annulus fibrosis or AF, posterior AF, inner AF, and outer AF) was correlated with sulfated-glycosaminoglycan (s-GAG) content, hydroxyproline content, and residual stress and strain at each location. T2* relaxation times were significantly correlated with s-GAG contents in all test locations and were particularly strong in the NP (r = 0.944; p < 0.001) and inner AF (r = 0.782; p < 0.001). T2* relaxation times were also significantly correlated with both residual stresses and excised strains in the NP (r = 0.857; p < 0.001: r = 0.816; p < 0.001), inner AF (r = 0.535; p = 0.022: r = 0.516; p = 0.028), and outer AF (r = 0.668; p = 0.002: r = 0.458; p = 0.041). These strong correlations highlight T2* MRI's ability to predict the biochemical and mechanical health of the disc. T2* MRI assessment of disc health is a clinically viable tool showing promise as a biomarker for distinguishing degenerative changes.
Diiso­thio­cyanato­tetra­pyridine­copper(II)

The crystal structure of the title copper(II) complex, [Cu(NCS)2(C5H5N)4], shows a tetragonally distorted octahedral coordination about the central copper(II) ion. The Cu ion lies at a site with \overline 1 symmetry.
Stimulation of Enterotoxin B Production II. Synthetic Medium for Staphylococcal Growth and Enterotoxin B Production.

Abstract A relatively large amount of enterotoxin B (125 μg/ml) was produced in a synthetic medium composed of amino acids, inorganic salts, and vitamins. This medium was prepared on the basis of the utilization of the various amino acids by Staphylococcus aureus strain S-6 throughout the growth cycle. Arginine appeared to be essential for enterotoxin production. The pattern of enterotoxin production in the synthetic media appeared to differ from that in complex media.
Exploratory Spatial Analysis Methods in Cancer Prevention and Control

Improved geocoding practices and population coverage of cancer incidence records, together with linkages to other administrative record systems, permit the development of new methods of exploratory spatial analysis. We illustrate these developments with results from a GIS-based workbench developed by faculty and students at the University of Iowa. The system accesses records from the Iowa Cancer Registry. In using these methods, the privacy of individuals is protected while still permitting results to be available for small geographic areas. Geographic masking techniques are illustrated as are kernel density estimation methods used in the context of Monte Carlo simulations of spatial patterns of selected cancer burdens of breast, colorectal and prostate cancer in Iowa.
Mapping pesticide contamination potential

Groundwater contamination by agricultural chemicals is a major environmental pollution issue nation-wide. The regulatory agencies of towns and counties face the problem of finding a methodology for assessing the ground-water contamination potential of a large number of agricultural pesticides. Because of the spatial nature of the problem and the limited data availability for comprehensive pesticide movement models, a contamination potential index was employed for preliminary assessment. A specially designed geographic information system was used to create ground-water contamination likelihood maps for a 1500 km2 area. The results suggest that this methodology can be used successfully for evaluating the relative contamination potential of a large number of pesticides over large areas with limited input data. A tentative approach for using this method for monitoring and registration of pesticides is also discussed.
Interactions between hydrodynamics, benthos and sedimentation in a tide-dominated coastal lagoon

Abstract Great Sound is a 6 km 2 shallow (average depth = 0.6 m) lagoon fringed by salt marsh and connected directly to the ocean by two large (5 and 10 km long) flood-dominated tidal channels which enter at opposite ends. The lagoon can be divided into three subenvironments: flood tidal delta and channel, transition area, and basin. Tidal deltas containing several distributary channels are deposited from expanding jet flow as tidal currents enter the lagoon. A physical process study (velocity profiles, salinity, temperature, suspended load and box cores) indicated that sedimentation patterns are determined by: (1) proximity to the point sources of sediment, the tidal channels, (2) spatial changes in tidal current strength and abundance of benthic organisms (primarily sand-trapping macroalgae), (3) dispersion of particulates by tidal and wave-generated currents, and (4) postdepositional processes including bioturbation and resuspension by waves. Tidal currents ranged from U max > 40 cm/s ( U ∗ max = 4.0 cm/s ) in the tidal delta channels, to U max U ∗ max = 2.6 cm/s ) in transition areas to U max U ∗ max cm/s ) in the basins. U max , U ∗ max = maximum current velocity and maximum shear velocity respectively. Typical suspended sediment loads were 10–50 mg/l near the bottom; however, sediment transport was enhanced by wind-generated waves (up to 0.5 m wave height) which eroded the bottom creating concentration spikes of greater than 300 mg/l. Bottom sediments ranged from well-sorted fine sand in most delta and channel areas to basins composed of 90% silt and clay. Factors affecting sediment supply, transportation, deposition and resuspension interact in complex ways so that wide variability in the textural characteristics of deposited sediment occurs and no single factor (e.g., velocity) is well correlated with sediment characteristics. A conceptual model illustrating these spatial relations between hydrodynamics, benthos and sedimentation in the Great Sound system, was developed. The model should be useful in other tide-dominated coastal lagoons as a guide for design of benthic and sedimentary studies.
APEX method and real-time blind deconvolution of scanning electron microscope imagery

Loss of resolution due to image blurring is a major concern in electron microscopy. The point spread function describing that blur is generally unknown. We discuss the use of a recently developed fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based direct (noniterative) blind deconvolution procedure, the APEX method, that can process 5123512 images in sec- onds of CPU time on current desktop platforms. The method is predi- cated on a restricted but significant class of shift-invariant blurs, consist- ing of finite convolution products of heavy-tailed Levy probability density functions. Such blurs considerably generalize Gaussian and Lorentzian point spread functions. The method is applied to a variety of original scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs and is shown to be useful in enhancing and detecting fine detail not otherwise discernible. Quantitative sharpness analysis of ''ideal sample'' micrographs shows that APEX processing can actually produce sharper imagery than is achievable with optimal microscope settings. © 2002 Society of Photo-Optical
Post test inspection of three Brayton rotating units

Post test analysis of closed Brayton cycle space electric power conversion system for space
First-to-Second-Year Persistence of Students With Disabilities in Postsecondary Institutions in the United States

The authors used the data from the Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study survey (BPS:04/06) to (a) examine the characteristics of the national sample of college students with disabili...
Temporal impairment of microcirculatory perfusion following focal cerebral ischemia in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.

Abstract Microcirculatory impairments have theoretically been proposed as a potential factor in the development of ischemic injury, but few attempts have been made to directly assess microvascular patency following stroke. To address this issue we investigated the temporal changes in microvascular perfusion induced by permanent focal ischemia. Halothane-anesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) of 5 min to 4 h duration. Two fluorescent tracers (FITC-dextran and Evans blue) were then sequentially administered i.v. and allowed to circulate for 10 and 5 s respectively. Tissue sections were examined by fluorescent microscopy, and the mean number of perfused microvessels/mm2 calculated for cortical areas representing non-ischemic (Region A), perifocal/penumbral (Region B) and core ischemic (Region C) regions. For sham-operated controls, virtually all microvessels perfused with tracer within 5 s. In contrast MCAO induced significant reductions in the number of perfused microvessels in Regions B and C. The most marked impairments in perfusion were observed in core MCA territory (e.g. 2–10% of control values for 5 s circulation period) while, initially, the deficit was less severe in penumbral cortex. However, a secondary perfusion impairment developed over time in the perifocal/penumbral region, so that the deficit was greater 4 h after MCAO than at earlier time points (e.g. 72%, 71% and 22% of control value for 0.5, 1 and 4 h MCAO respectively; 10 s circulation period). In conclusion, MCAO induced severe impairments in microcirculatory perfusion within the core ischemic region, and to a lesser extent in the penumbra. However, the development of a more severe perfusion deficit in the penumbra within 4 h of MCAO supports the hypothesis that microcirculatory failure in this region contributes to its recruitment to the ischemic infarct.
Nonlinear dielectric response of glasses at low temperature

We have measured the dielectric response of amorphous insulators in the audio frequency range at temperatures between 500 {mu}K and 400 mK. We compare the measured superlinear behavior with a model incorporating higher order terms at low frequencies. Temperature independent dielectric response at low fields and low temperatures has also been observed which may indicate a low energy cutoff in the two-level system distribution of order 1 mK in some materials. We also find anomalously high sensitivity of the dielectric response to rf noise. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
An energy inventory in a coaxial plasma accelerator driven by a pulse line energy source

Energy measurement in coaxial plasma accelerator determining current, voltage on gun and at open end of pulse line
Steps in the conversion of .alpha.-ketosuberate to 7-mercaptoheptanoic acid in methanogenic bacteria

The biosynthetic steps involved in the conversion of alpha-ketosuberate to 7-mercaptoheptanoic acid were studied in cell-free extracts of methanogenic bacteria. The pathway was established by measuring the incorporation of stable isotopically labeled precursors into the S-methyl ether methyl ester derivative of the enzymatically generated 7-mercaptoheptanoic acid by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Quantitation of the 7-mercaptoheptanoic acid produced in the incubations with the substrates was accomplished by using an internal standard of 6-mercaptohexanoic acid. [4,4,6,6-2H4]-2-Oxosuberic acid, [7-2H]-7-oxoheptanoic acid, [2-2H]-2(RS)-(5-carboxypentyl)thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acid, and S-(6-carboxyhexyl)cysteine were each shown to be converted to 7-mercaptoheptanoic acid. Incubation of cell extracts with a mixture of 2(RS)-(5-carboxypentyl)thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acid and [2-2H]-2-(RS)-(5-carboxypentyl)-[34S]thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acid showed that both 34S and 2H are incorporated into the 7-mercaptoheptanoic acid but only after separation of the cysteine from the [7-2H]-7-oxyheptanoic acid portion of the molecule. Furthermore, the sulfur from the cysteine was incorporated into the thiol only after its elimination from the cysteine and subsequent mixing with an unlabeled sulfur source which had a molecular weight of sufficient size that it was excluded from Sephadex G-25. Hydrogen sulfide was found to supply the sulfur for the production of the 7-mercaptoheptanoic acid in a reaction that was shown to obtain its reducing equivalents from hydrogen via an F420-dependent hydrogenase.
Relationship between cell size, plasma cholesterol and rat adipocyte cholesterol storage.

Abstract Plasma cholesterol and cholesterol storage/10 6 adipocytes were determined in the epididymal, perirenal, subcutaneous, and mesenteric fat depots of the fasted male rat. Adipocyte cholesterol increased exponentially as functions of mean cell diameter, body weight, and cell size (μg triacylglycerol/cell) in all depots examined, whereas plasma cholesterol was best described as a parabolic function of body weight. In all but the mesenteric depot, expression of storage as a ratio of cellular cholesterol:triacylglycerol was also described as a parabolic function of body weight, resulting in curves parallel to the cholesterolbody weight relationship. It is suggested that (1) adipose tissue cholesterol storage is most rapid after adipocyte number becomes fixed, (2) the level of cholesterol in the plasma may be a major determinant of fat cell cholesterol storage, especially in subcutaneous cells from adult animals in which cell size is constant but cholesterol storage continues to increase, and (3) the effect of plasma cholesterol is less pronounced in mesenteric adipocytes.
Stochastic entangled chain dynamics of dense polymer solutions

We propose an adjustable-parameter-free, entangled chain dynamics model of dense polymer solutions. The model includes the self-consistent dynamics of molecular chains and solvent by describing the former via coarse-grained polymerdynamics that incorporate hydrodynamicinteraction effects, and the latter via the forced Stokes equation. Real chain elasticity is modeled via the inclusion of a Pincus regime in the polymer’s force-extension curve. Excluded volume effects are taken into account via the combined action of coarse-grained intermolecular potentials and explicit geometric tracking of chain entanglements. We demonstrate that entanglements are responsible for a new (compared to phantom chain dynamics), slow relaxation mode whose characteristic time scale agrees very well with experiment. Similarly good agreement between theory and experiment is also obtained for the equilibrium chain size. We develop methods for the solution of the model in periodic flow domains and apply them to the computation of entangled polymer solutions in equilibrium. We show that the number of entanglements Π agrees well with the number of entanglements expected on the basis of tube theory, satisfactorily reproducing the latter’s scaling of Π with the polymer volume fraction ϕ . Our model predicts diminishing chain size with concentration, thus vindicating Flory’s suggestion of excluded volume effects screening in dense solutions. The predicted scaling of chain size with ϕ is consistent with the heuristic, Flory theory based value.
Levetiracetam as a Possible Contributor to Acute Kidney Injury

Abstract Purpose Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic medication that has been reported to be both well-tolerated and effective in treating generalized tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and partial-onset seizures. The adverse effects most commonly reported in tolerability trials include somnolence, fatigue/asthenia, headaches, dizziness, and nausea. However, there have been a few reports suggesting possible detrimental effects of levetiracetam on renal function. Methods Here we describe the case of a previously healthy 23-year-old female patient who developed acute kidney injury 1 day after the initiation of levetiracetam therapy for new-onset seizures. Findings Based on the time course of the patient’s rise in serum creatinine and the exclusion of other causes, this case suggests that levetiracetam use contributed to the acute kidney injury. Implications Levetiracetam is a widely used drug that has been reported to be generally tolerable and effective; however, it has the potential to negatively affect renal function. This potential consequence of therapy should be considered when deciding whether or not to prescribe this medication, and renal function should be monitored during treatment.
Exchange of monooleoylphosphatidylcholine with single egg phosphatidylcholine vesicle membranes

In a previous paper we described the experiments and the framework of a model for the exchange of monooleoylphosphatidylcholine with a single egg phosphatidylcholine membrane. In the present paper a model is presented that relates the experimentally measured apparent characteristics of the overall kinetics of lysolipid exchange to the true rates of lysolipid exchange and interbilayer transfer. It is shown that the adsorption of the lysolipid follows two pathways: one through the adsorption of lipid monomers and other through the fusion of micelles. The desorption of lysolipid follows a single pathway, namely, the desorption of monomers. The overall rate of fast desorption under convective flow conditions gives the true rate of monomer desorption from the outer membrane monolayer. The overall rate of both slow lysolipid uptake and slow desorption gives the rate of interbilayer transfer. Because of the uneven distribution of lysolipid between the two monolayers during its uptake, one of the membrane monolayers is apparently extended relative to the other. This relative extension of one of the monolayers induces a monolayer tension. The induced monolayer tension can increase up to 7 mN.m-1, when most of the intercalated lysolipid only partitions into the monolayer facing the lysolipid solution. This value is similar to the measured value for the critical monolayer tension of membrane failure, which is on the order of 5 mN.m-1. The similarity of the magnitudes of the induced monolayer tension during monooleoylphosphatidylcholine exchange and the monolayer tension of membrane failure suggests that the interbilayer lipid transfer may be affected by the formation of short living membrane defects. Furthermore, the pH-induced interbilayer exchange of phosphatidylglycerol is considered. In this case, it is shown that the rate of interbilayer transfer is a function of the phosphatidylglycerol concentration in the membrane.
Lightweight tool coordination: Path ∗ — A minimal framework for tool coordination

We present a lightweight tool for coordinating tool usage in a structured and unobtrusive manner allowing for the formal description and implementation of development cycles with minimal human intervention. This tool, here and after referred to as “Path*” seeks to provide a minimal yet powerful framework for tool coordination by scripting actions to be triggered on events such as disk writes to a project directory and version control system commits. These events execute user-defined scripts for the purpose of automating tasks such as partial rebuilds and style checking in an IDE and platform independent framework.
Polysubstrate monooxygenases (cytochrome P-450) in larvae of susceptible and resistant strains of house flies

Abstract The polysubstrate monooxygenases (PSMO or cytochrome P -450) of house fly larvae were studied at the mature larval or “clear gut” stage. Fat body and gut tissues were most efficient in the conversion of aldrin to dieldrin. Microsomal fractions of larval homogenates had the highest PSMO activities, with lower PSMO activities also found associated with mitochondrial fractions. Microsomes from Rutgers (resistant) larvae had higher levels of NADPH:cytochrome c reductase (2×), cytochrome P -450 (2×), aldrin (4×), and heptachlor (9×) epoxidases than microsomes from CSMA (susceptible) larvae. Cytochrome P -450 of Rutgers larvae had an absorption maximum at 449 nm, 2 nm lower than the cytochrome P -450 of CSMA larvae. n -Octylamine spectra showed that the level of high-spin cytochrome P -450 was higher in Rutgers larvae. NADPH:cytochrome c reductase, cytochrome P -450, and aldrin epoxidase were induced by phenobarbital, and Rutgers larvae were shown to be more sensitive to this inducer than CSMA larvae. Induction of larval PSMO by phenobarbital did not affect the expression or the inducibility of PSMO in adults.
Regional government organizations and their publications

Abstract This article describes the growth and functions of regional government organizations. One of their functions is the dissemination of information through publications. The types and contents of regional publications are discussed, with specific examples. The conclusion suggests how to identify and locate regional organizations and their publications.
Primary care physicians' decisions to perform flexible sigmoidoscopy.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to identify factors that influence primary care physicians’ willingness to perform flexible sigmoidoscopy.
A type soundness proof for variables in LCF ML

We prove the soundness of a polymorphic type system for a language with variables, assignments, and first-class functions. As a corollary, this proves the soundness of the Edinburgh LCF ML rules for typing variables and assignments, thereby settling a long-standing open problem.
Report of the 1985 ISSLS Traveling Fellowship. Mechanisms of spinal pain. The dorsal root ganglion and its role as a mediator of low-back pain.

The dorsal root ganglion as a mediator for low-back pain an animal model was investigated. Low-frequency vibration, a known mechanical cause of low-back pain, was investigated. Quantitative results suggest a significant reduction effect on substance P, one of several neurotransmitters located in the
Post-prostatectomy incontinence during sexual activity: a single center prevalence study.

Purpose: The prevalence and mechanism of incontinence during sexual activity after radical prostatectomy has not been well described. We determined the prevalence and severity of incontinence during sexual activity with time and the relationship between incontinence during sexual activity and stress urinary incontinence in the absence of sexual activity.Materials and Methods: A total of 1,459 men with prostate cancer underwent radical prostatectomy between October 2000 and December 2007, as performed by 1 surgeon. Patients completed UCLA-PCI preoperatively, and 3, 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. We analyzed the frequency distribution of incontinence during sexual activity and stress urinary incontinence with time. We also examined the relationship between incontinence during sexual activity and stress urinary incontinence by chi-square analysis.Results: The percent of patients who reported any bother from incontinence during sexual activity was 44.4% at 3 months, which decreased to 36.1% at 24 months...
Mechanisms and therapeutic targets in type 2 diabetes mellitus

The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is multifactorial and complex, and it is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. This metabolic disorder results from insulin resistance in target tissues and impairment of pancreatic insulin secretion. The purpose of this review is to examine our current understanding of the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, identify therapeutic targets, and highlight recent advances in addressing this complex disorder.
How Well Do We Know the Beta-Decay of 16N and Oxygen Formation in Helium Burning

We review the status of the 12C(a,g)16O reaction rate, of importance for stellar processes in a progenitor star prior to a super-nova collapse. Several attempts to constrain the p-wave S-factor of the 12C(a,g)16O reaction at Helium burning temperatures (200 MK) using the beta-delayed alpha-particle emission of 16N have been made, and it is claimed that this S-factor is known, as quoted by the TRIUMF collaboration. In contrast reanalyses (by G.M. hale) of all thus far available data (including the 16N data) does not rule out a small S-factor solution. Furthermore, we improved our previous Yale-UConn study of the beta- delayed alpha-particle emission of \n16 by improving our statistical sample (by more than a factor of 5), improving the energy resolution of the experiment (by 20%), and in understanding our line shape, deduced from measured quantities. Our newly measured spectrum of the beta-delayed alpha-particle emission of 16N is not consistent with the TRIUMF('94) data, but is consistent with the Seattle('95) data, as well as the earlier (unaltered !) data of Mainz('71). The implication of this discrepancies for the extracted astrophysical p-wave s-factor is briefly discussed.
Team activity analysis and recognition based on kinect depth map and optical imagery techniques

Kinect cameras produce low-cost depth map video streams applicable for conventional surveillance systems. However, commonly applied image processing techniques are not directly applicable for depth map video processing. Kinect depth map images contain range measurement of objects at expense of having spatial features of objects suppressed. For example, typical objects' attributes such as textures, color tones, intensity, and other characteristic attributes cannot be fully realized by processing depth map imagery. In this paper, we demonstrate application of Kinect depth map and optical imagery for characterization of indoor and outdoor group activities. A Casual-Events State Inference (CESI) technique is proposed for spatiotemporal recognition and reasoning of group activities. CESI uses an ontological scheme for representation of casual distinctiveness of a priori known group activities. By tracking and serializing distinctive atomic group activities, CESI allows discovery of more complex group activities. A Modified Sequential Hidden Markov Model (MS-HMM) is implemented for trail analysis of atomic events representing correlated group activities. CESI reasons about five levels of group activities including: Merging, Planning, Cooperation, Coordination, and Dispersion. In this paper, we present results of capability of CESI approach for characterization of group activities taking place both in indoor and outdoor. Based on spatiotemporal pattern matching of atomic activities representing a known group activities, the CESI is able to discriminate suspicious group activity from normal activities. This paper also presents technical details of imagery techniques implemented for detection, tracking, and characterization of atomic events based on Kinect depth map and optical imagery data sets. Various experimental scenarios in indoors and outdoors (e.g. loading and unloading of objects, human-vehicle interactions etc.,) are carried to demonstrate effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model for characterization of distinctive group activities.
MAGNETIC FIELD DEPENDENT AMIDE 15N CHEMICAL SHIFTS IN A PROTEIN-DNA COMPLEX RESULTING FROM MAGNETIC ORDERING IN SOLUTION

In solution, the degree of molecular alignment with the static magnetic field is proportional to the product of the anisotropy of the molecular magnetic susceptibility and the square of the magnetic field strength. As a result, the observed chemical shifts vary with the strength of the magnetic field and depend on the orientation of the chemical shift tensors relative to the molecule's magnetic susceptibility tensor. For protein backbone amide 15N nuclei in the complex between the zinc-finger DNA-binding domain of GATA-1 and a 16-bp synthetic DNA fragment, the observed field dependence of the 15N shifts correlates well with the dipolar couplings previously reported for this complex. This comparison indicates that, in the approximation of an axially symmetric 15N shift tensor, the unique axis of the 15N CSA tensor makes an angle of 13 ± 5° with the N−H bond vector, and has a magnitude of 168 ± 20 ppm. Magnetic field dependent 15N chemical shifts correlate well with the structure of the protein−DNA complex ...
Highly abundant genes in the transcriptosome of human and baboon CD34 antigen-positive bone marrow cells

Nonhuman primates are useful large animal model systems for the in vivo study of hematopoietic stem cell biology. To better understand the degree of similarity of the hematopoietic systems between humans and baboons, and to explore the relevance of such studies in nonhuman primates to humans, this study was designed to compare the global gene expression profile of bone marrow CD34(+) cells isolated from these 2 species. Human complementary DNA (cDNA) filter arrays containing 25 920 human cDNAs were surveyed for this purpose. The expression pattern and relative gene abundance of the 2 RNA sources were similar, with a correlation coefficient of 0.87. A total of 15 970 of these cDNAs were expressed in human CD34(+) cells, of which the majority (96%) varied less than 3-fold in their relative level of expression between human and baboon. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of selected genes confirmed that expression was comparable between the 2 species. No species-restricted transcripts have been identified, further reinforcing the high degree of similarity between the 2 populations. A subset of 1554 cDNAs, which are expressed at levels 100-fold and greater than background, is described, which includes 959 expressed sequence tags and uncharacterized cDNAs, and 595 named genes, including many that are clearly involved in hematopoiesis. The cDNAs reported here represent a selection of some of the most highly abundant genes in hematopoietic cells and provide a starting point to develop a profile of the transcriptosome of CD34(+) cells.
Rural-Urban Migration of Blacks: Past and Future

A FTER THE 1920 population census Congress failed for the only time in its history to reapportion the seats of the House of Representatives. When the census results were in, it was found that for the first time urban population exceeded rural in the United States. Representatives from rural states that stood to lose a seat in reapportionment argued either for an increase in the size of the House to protect their absolute representation or favored no reapportionment at all. The affected states were in the Midwest, New England, and the South. Thus the issue was by no means a narrowly sectional one. But one major contributing factor was the migration of rural southern Negroes to northern industrial states, which the southern congressmen insisted was only temporary. "For the last two years," said Representative Johnson of Mississippi, "there have been special trains carrying thousands of Negroes and a great many white people to the northern cities, and since this financial condition has come
Genetic characterization of the mei-41 locus in Drosophila melanogaster.

The mutagen-sensitive mutant mus(1)104 D1 of Drosophila melanogaster maps to a position on the X chromosome very close to the meiotic mutant mei-41 D5 . Both mutants have been characterized as mutagen-sensitive and defective in post-replication repair. In the present report we show by complementation studies that mus(1)104 and mus(1)103 are allelic with mei-41. In addition, two reported alleles of mus(1)104 lie between the mei-41 alleles A10 and D5. The size of the mei-41 locus is estimated to be about 0.1 centimorgans (cM). Because several alleles of mei-41 have been shown to reduce recombination and increase meiotic chromosome loss and nondisjunction, mus(1)104 D1 females were examined for defects in meiosis. Although there was no evidence for reduced recombination on the second chromosome in homozygous mus(1)104 D1 females, heterozygous mus(1)104 D1 /mei-41 >D5 and mus(1)104 D1 /deficiency females showed reduced levels of recombination. However, there was no evidence of an increase in nondijunction in these females.
Probing oxygen motion in disordered anionic conductors with 17O and 51V MAS NMR spectroscopy.

Identification of the local environments of the ions in a solid-state electrolyte that contribute to the ionic conductivity or remain trapped in the lattice represents a challenge for many experimental probes of structure. We show that high-resolution17O magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectra may be obtained even from the highly disordered, layered materials α-Bi4V2O11 and γ-Bi4V1.7Ti0.3O10.85, in which the different oxide sites in the lattice may be distinguished. The sites responsible for anionic conduction were determined directly from the variable-temperature 17O NMR spectra, and correlation times for motion were estimated. Double-resonance17O/51V NMR methods were used as confirmation of the assignments of the resonances and as a second experimental probe of motion that is sensitive to mobility involving oxide ion hops between the same crystallographic sites.
Effect of Two Different Nozzle Arrangements on Control of Carrot Weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte), in Processing Carrots

Abstract Field studies were conducted during 2004-2005 at the Rutgers Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Bridgeton, NJ to determine the effect of two different nozzle arrangements on the c...
Relative impact of insulin resistance and obesity on cardiovascular risk factors in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 5% to 7% of women of reproductive age. Insulin resistance and obesity are components of this important syndrome that may contribute to excess cardiovascular risk. We analyzed data from 69 patients with PCOS who had undergone quantitative assessment of insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and androgen levels to determine the impact of insulin resistance and obesity on parameters of cardiovascular risk. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) was used to stratify patients in terms of insulin resistance. To obtain a reference population, we used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES III, 1988 to 1994). The most insulin-resistant tertile of patients exhibited higher body mass index (BMI), androgen levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG) levels, and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Insulin resistance, not BMI, was the main determinant of HDL-C and TG levels and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in PCOS. Among normal women, both BMI and insulin resistance influenced cardiovascular risk factors. Insulin resistance was a more significant predictor of TGs in women with PCOS than in normal women (P = .008). In contrast to normal women, insulin resistance in PCOS appears to be the prime determinant of abnormal lipids, blood pressure, and androgens. Thus, early detection of insulin resistance, as well as weight reduction, should be emphasized for all patients with PCOS.
Equationally complete (m, n) rings

It is shown that every super-simple (m, n) ring is equationally complete. The atomic varieties of (m, 2) rings and the atomic varieties of (2,n) rings are completely determined.
Resource Minimization for Real-Time Applications Using Computer Clouds

In this paper, we address the resource minimization problem for DAG-based real-time applications using computer clouds to: (1) guarantee the satisfaction of a real-time application's end-to-end deadline, (2) ensure the number of computers allocated to the application is minimized, and (3) under allocated resources, minimize the application's make span. We first give lower and upper bounds for resources needed to guarantee the satisfaction of a real-time application's deadline. Based on the bounds, we develop a heuristic algorithm called minimal slack time and minimal distance (MSMD) algorithm that finds the minimum number of computers needed to guarantee the application's deadline and schedules tasks on the allocated resources so that the application's make span is minimized. Our experimental results show that the MSMD algorithm can guarantee applications' end-to-end deadlines with less resources compared with other heuristic scheduling algorithms existed in the literature. In addition, under the minimal allocated resources, the MSMD algorithm can, on average, reduce an application's make span by 10% of its deadline.
Workday Arm Elevation Exposure: A Comparison Between Two Professions

OCCUPATIONAL APPLICATIONS Results from this study indicate that dental hygienists spent a mean of 7% of their workday with their arms elevated above 60° of humeral elevation. The majority of their workday (71%) was spent working with their arms in static positions. Compared to a separate working population (office workers), dental hygienists had more than two times greater arm elevation exposure above 60°. Dental hygienists have a high incidence of shoulder injuries, which may be related to arm elevation exposure. Based on the present study, ergonomic interventions should be based on reducing the total arm elevation exposure in dental hygiene. Further, interventions should be designed to reduce the repetitive tasks performed by dental hygienists. TECHNICAL ABSTRACT Background: The prevalence of shoulder-related musculoskeletal disorders among dental hygienists working in the United States has been reported to be between 21% and 60%. Arm elevation exposure levels above 60° have been identified as potential...
IR and computational studies of alkyl chloride conformations

‘Natural bond orbitals’ population analysis calculations are used to explain the differences in infrared absorptions of alkyl chlorides conformers. Hydrogen anti to the C—Cl bond affords greater σC—H σ*C—Cl than does carbon anti to C—Cl, σC—C σ*C—Cl. Owing to the greater antibonding character in the former case, the C—Cl bond distance is generally larger, and the C—Cl infrared absorption of lower frequency. Attempts to quantify the use of intensities from infrared spectra to give the weight of the particular conformation of an alkyl chloride are reported. The difficulty is that the absorption coefficient α (cf. AA = αACAl ) is not known. The ratio αA/αB was approximated from intensities of infrared peaks of two conformations, A and B, as determined from various types of theoretical calculations. The ratio of absorbances AA/AB was determined from the spectra. Then, CA/CB was calculated and compared with the results from various types of pure calculation. In simple alkyl chlorides, this approach was modestly successful. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transient behavior of a nonequilibrium plasma formed by merged beams

A low density, low temperature plasma formed by two merged beams of electrons and ions at near zero relative velocity is studied by solving a set of time-dependent rate equations. In particular, we investigate the role played by the radiative recombination (RR) and three-body recombination (TBR) on the population of excited states during the initial stage of plasma rearrangement and relaxation. It is found in the case of hydrogenic plasmas that low-lying states are filled predominantly by RR, while high Rydberg states are populated mainly by TBR. As the plasma further relaxes, the collisional excitation and de-excitation, and radiative decays become important, filling the median excited states. The dependence of the TBR and RR rates on ionic chargeZ is discussed to extend the result to plasmas of highZ ions.
The effect of caffeine on adenosine myocardial perfusion imaging: Time to reassess?

‘‘There was no significant relationship between the extent of adenosine-induced coronary flow heterogeneity and serum concentration of caffeine or its principal metabolites. Hence, the stringent requirements for prolonged abstinence from caffeine before adenosine MPI—based on limited studies—appears ill-founded.’’ These were the conclusions of the study by Lee et al in this issue of the Journal. The interest, confusion, and the clinical relevance of the interaction (or lack of it) between adenosine and caffeine prompted this editorial viewpoint. This discussion will focus on adenosine; important differences between adenosine and dipyridamole (used in much earlier reports) suggest caution in mixing the old and the newer data but unfortunately the current practice guidelines for ‘‘vasodilator stress testing’’ of ‘‘prolonged abstinence’’ referred to above were based on the older data. Caffeine, a methylxanthine alkaloid derivative, is wildly quoted to be the most common psychoactive substance used by humans; the vast majority of adults in the United States report using some caffeine on a daily basis. Caffeine is abundant in coffee, tea, chocolate, soft drinks, over-the-counter drugs, and other widely used products (Table 1). An online search for the term caffeine yields 11,800,000 hits with Google (accessed on December 26, 2011). Caffeine is a nonspecific competitive antagonist of all the adenosine receptor subtypes. Adenosine, dipyridamole, and regadenoson induce coronary hyperemia by stimulating the adenosine receptor A2A. 4 It is therefore hypothesized that caffeine intake may interfere with adenosine-induced coronary hyperemia and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). The current American Society of Nuclear Cardiology (ASNC) imaging guidelines 5 recommend that caffeine and other methylxanthines (such as aminophylline or theobromine) be withheld for at least 12 hours prior to vasodilator stress MPI and list this as a contraindication for performing the test. Animal studies have demonstrated that there is a large A2A receptor reserve in the coronary circulation such that an A2A antagonist must block [70% of the receptors before a maximal response to adenosine is attenuated and[95% to reduce coronary vasodilation in response to adenosine by one-half. Indeed, an intravenous caffeine infusion (1-10 mg/kg) did not lower regadenoson-induced maximum increase in coronary blood flow in conscious dogs (although the duration of increased flow was reduced it remained C2-fold baseline levels for C3 min in the presence of 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg caffeine). This is in contrast to the small reserve in the A1 receptor (which mediates AV block and chest pain). Thus, intravenous theophylline (5 mg/kg), a more potent adenosine receptor antagonist than caffeine, in patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries abolished the prolongation of the A-H interval in response to adenosine but had minimal effect on the increase in coronary blood flow. Heller et al also noted that pretreatment with theophylline did not affect the adenosineinduced thallium-201 imaging results.