cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
THE LEBESGUE INTEGRAL AS AN IMPROPER RIEMANN INTEGRAL

1. The purpose of this note is to point out that the Lebesgue integral of a real function, summable over a measurable set in some real Euclidean n-space, can be defined as a (one-dimensional) improper Riemann integral. This is in line (though in a different direction) with recent literature exhibiting the Lebesgue integral as a special case of the generalized Riemann integral (d., e.g., [1, p.289]). A treatment of improper Riemann integral can be found, e.g., in [41, Chapters 28, 29. 2. Theorem. Let f be a real function, defined and measurable on a measurable set S in some real Euclidean n-space. For every real y, let
Bayhead deltas and shorelines: Insights from modern and ancient examples

Abstract Bayhead deltas are important components of the rock record as well as modern estuaries, hosting important hydrocarbon reservoirs and many coastal cities, ports and large expanses of wetlands. Despite their significance, few studies have summarized their occurrence and sedimentary characteristics. In this paper we review the stratigraphic, sedimentary, and geomorphic characteristics of 68 modern and ancient bayhead deltas. Bayhead deltas are found in incised valleys, structural basins, fjords, interdistributary bays of larger open-ocean deltas, and other backbarrier environments. Except for within fjords, they generally prograde into shallower and more brackish waters than their open-ocean equivalents. As a result, 80% of modern, 68% of Quaternary, and 67% of ancient bayhead deltas have clinoform thicknesses of 10 m or less with 73% of modern bayhead deltas having clinoform thicknesses of 5 m or less. Additionally, 89% of modern, 81% of Quaternary, and 77% of ancient bayhead deltas examined are fluvial dominated. We distinguish true bayhead deltas from their genetically similar bayhead shorelines, which are not constructional features but sites of enhanced marsh or estuarine sedimentation near river mouths with inadequate rates of sediment delivery to form distributary channels and prograde into the estuary or lagoon. We also distinguish confined bayhead deltas found in incised valleys, structural basins, and fjords from unconfined bayhead deltas found as incipient lobes of larger delta complexes and other back-barrier lagoons. The architecture of confined bayhead deltas is largely influenced by the limited accommodation brought about by the walls of the flooded valleys in which they are located. As such, confined bayhead-delta ontogeny is controlled by many autogenic interactions within these valley walls. Both confined and unconfined bayhead deltas are sensitive to sea-level rise, climate-controlled changes in sediment flux, and tectonics. Their relatively small size, connection with the terrestrial system, and protected nature make them the ideal depositional system to record Earth history including sea-level and climate changes.
Commentary on Complications of Immunosuppressive Treatments for Glomerulonephritis.

In this Evidence-Based Nephrology review, Jefferson ([1][1]) summarizes the potential complications and adverse effects of immunosuppressive therapies for GN. Organizing the results of major clinical trials by disease category and type of immunosuppressive therapy, he describes the frequency of
Trump’s War Against the Media, Fake News, and (A)Social Media

I argue that Donald Trump won the Republican primary contest and then the 2016 US presidential election, in part, because he is the master of media spectacle. I discuss Trump’s use of media spectacle in his business career, in his effort to become a celebrity and reality-TV superstar, and his political campaigns. Then, I examine how Trump both uses broadcasting and social media in his campaign and presidency and deploys a war against the media to delegitimize media criticism or opposition to his presidency. Yet Trump’s war against the media has generated a momentous battle in which segments of the media are fighting back against Trump in what has to be the most contested media spectacle in modern US political history.
Art Infusion: Ideal Conditions for STEAM.

Life is a great tapestry. The individual is only an insignificant thread in an immense and miraculous pattern.—Albert Einstein (as cited in Calaprice, 2010)Visual art in an art-infused school is th...
LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF CHILDREN TREATED WITH THE MODIFIED ATKINS DIET (P3.188)

Objective: The modified Atkins diet (MAD) has been studied since 2003 for children with intractable epilepsy, with over 200 children reported in mostly short-term clinical trials and case series. No studies have systematically examined the long-term benefits and side effects beyond 6 months of use, however. Background: The modified Atkins diet is a dietary therapy that is also used for intractable seizures. Similar to the classical ketogenic diet, it emphasizes high fat and low carbohydrate intake. However, there is no calorie, protein, or fluid restriction and patients are typically not fasted nor admitted to initiate the diet. Design/Methods: The MAD was started without prior ketogenic diet use in 87 children at Johns Hopkins Hospital since 2002, of which 54 continued for over 6 months. Children who had not been seen within the past 2 years were contacted by phone and email for updated information. Results: Using an intent-to-treat analysis, at 12 months, 33 of 87 (38%) had >50% seizure reduction, of which 16 (18%) were seizure-free. At their most recent point during the MAD (mean 19.9 months), 30 of 54 (55%) of children remaining on the MAD for >6 months achieved >50% improvement, of which 19 (35%) were seizure-free. These results are similar to published data reporting 49% of children responding to the MAD after 3–6 months and 43% of children responding to the traditional ketogenic diet after 12 months. Side effects were mild during the MAD and mostly limited to elevations in lipid profile and gastrointestinal upset. Conclusions: The MAD appears safe and effective long-term, confirming previous short-term results. Study Supported by: Johns Hopkins Medical Student Research Grant Disclosure: Dr. Chen has nothing to disclose.
Watershed Ecosystem Goods and Services Sustaining Urban Socioecological Systems: Planning and Management Through Ecological Wisdom

Early urban establishment occurred along continental coasts, large interior rivers, and where rivers entered the sea. Sustainability of modern urban centers continues to depend on these rivers and their associated watersheds for goods and services. The quantity and quality of water that sustains urban centers from watersheds are directly related to the ecological condition of the supporting watershed. Management of watersheds and their rivers has changed over the years as the complexity of the watersheds increases. The interaction among urban centers and their supporting watersheds composes an integrated socioecological system to be managed as a unit. Management of this system requires integrated procedures that sustain and/or restore the functions that allow the resource to continue to offer ecosystem goods and services. Guiding these management procedures is an appropriate role for ecological wisdom, an integrating process. Use of ecological wisdom as an organizing framework for developing planning and management guidance for watersheds requires inputs from many disciplines including science and human values, as well as governmental networking. This is demonstrated in a conceptual model showing the centric nature of ecological wisdom. Examples of management of large watershed systems serving two large urban centers in the USA, New York City, and Los Angeles are used to demonstrate how ecological wisdom could be used for sustainable watershed planning and management. Until ecological wisdom is recognized as a guiding process for planning and management, existing approaches will continue to be used, often to the detriment of the riverine/watershed systems.
Compressed hydrides as metallic hydrogen superconductors

The 2014--2015 prediction, discovery, and confirmation of record high-temperature superconductivity above 200 K in compressed ${\mathrm{H}}_{3}\mathrm{S}$, followed by the 2018 extension to superconductivity in the 250--260 K range in lanthanum hydride, mark a new era in the long-standing quest for room-temperature superconductivity: quest achieved, at the cost of supplying 1.5--2 Mbar pressure. Predictions of numerous high-temperature superconducting metal hydrides $X{\text{H}}_{n}$ ($X$=metal atom) have appeared but are providing limited understanding of why some transition temperatures ${T}_{c}$ are high while others are low. We make use of the small mass ratio ${M}_{H}/{M}_{X}$ to obtain an atomic decomposition of the coupling strength to reveal that although the $X$ atom provides coupling strength via ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{X}$ as commonly calculated, it is irrelevant for ${T}_{c}$ because the resulting lowering of frequency moments compensates (and sometimes overcompensates) for the increase in $\ensuremath{\lambda}$. It is important for analysis and for understanding that the $X$ atom contribution is neglected because ${T}_{c}$ depends more transparently on ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{H}.$ Five $X{\mathrm{H}}_{n}$ compounds, predicted in harmonic approximation to have ${T}_{c}$ in the 150--300 K range, are analyzed consistently for their relevant properties, revealing some aspects that confront conventional wisdom. A phonon frequency--critical temperature (${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{2}\ensuremath{-}{T}_{c}$) phase diagram is obtained that reveals a common structural phase instability boundary limiting ${T}_{c}$ at the low-pressure range of each compound. The hydrogen scattering matrix elements are obtained and found to differ strongly over the hydrides. A quantity directly proportional to ${T}_{c}$ in these hydrides is identified, indicating that (in common notation) ${N}_{H}(0){I}_{H}^{2}/{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{H}={\ensuremath{\eta}}_{H}/{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{H}$ is the parameter combination to be maximized in hydrides.
Enantioselective Synthesis of γ-Functionalized Cyclopentenones and δ-Functionalized Cycloheptenones Utilizing a Redox-Relay Heck Strategy

In this report, the desymmetrization of cyclic enones under relay Heck conditions with an array of aryl boronic acids, alkenyl triflates and indole derivatives is described. This method grants facile access to diverse γ-functionalized cyclopentenones and δ-functionalized cycloheptenones. Using this approach, a formal synthesis of (S)-baclofen was completed in high yield and excellent enantioselectivity.
Identification of novel melanoma gene expression signatures using a Bayesian approach to filter out gene expression noise from normal tissues.

e19053 Background: Identification of pertinent gene expression signatures may be confounded by failure to account for admixture of tumor specimens with normal tissue. We propose a novel method for ...
Early administration of interleukin-6 inhibitors for patients with severe COVID-19 disease is associated with decreased intubation, reduced mortality, and increased discharge.

Abstract Objective The aim of this observational study was to determine the optimal timing of interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor (IL6ri) administration for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods Patients with COVID-19 were given an IL6ri (sarilumab or tocilizumab) based on iteratively reviewed guidelines. IL6ri were initially reserved for critically ill patients, but after review, treatment was liberalized to patients with lower oxygen requirements. Patients were divided into two groups: those requiring ≤45% fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) (termed stage IIB) and those requiring >45% FiO2 (termed stage III) at the time of IL6ri administration. The main outcomes were all-cause mortality, discharge alive from hospital, and extubation. Results A total of 255 COVID-19 patients were treated with IL6ri (149 stage IIB and 106 stage III). Patients treated in stage IIB had lower mortality than those treated in stage III (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08–0.74). Overall, 218 (85.5%) patients were discharged alive. Patients treated in stage IIB were more likely to be discharged (aHR 1.43, 95% CI 1.06–1.93) and were less likely to be intubated (aHR 0.43, 95% CI 0.24–0.79). Conclusions IL6ri administration prior to >45% FiO2 requirement was associated with improved COVID-19 outcomes. This can guide clinical management pending results from randomized controlled trials.
Optimal Design of the Bearingless Induction Motor

The bearingless version of the induction motor (IM) has unacceptable performance for high speed or significant power applications. This is due to design challenges that are unique to the bearingless IM, including fundamental topology differences, rotor current induced by the suspension field, and a lack of techniques that can rapidly and accurately model the machine. This article presents a complete investigation into the design topology, modeling, and optimization of bearingless IMs to identify high-efficiency, power-dense designs for a high speed industrial compressor system. Key differences in the design of the bearingless IM from that of the classical line-fed IM are explored and an analytic design approach is proposed. A pole-specific rotor and a combined stator winding are used to improve the machine performance. Computationally efficient finite element modeling techniques are proposed and evaluated based on their ability to accurately calculate bearingless IM design performance metrics. An optimization framework is developed around these advancements using the multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition. This article exercises this framework to explore the design space of four different slot-pole combination bearingless IMs for a 50 kW, 30 000 r/min compressor. High performance designs are identified that achieve $>96\%$ efficiency with a torque density competitive with high performance servo motors that use contact bearings.
Passivation of the beryllium acceptor in GaN and a possible route for p-type doping

Using theory and experiment, we address a possible p-type doping route of GaN using the Be acceptor. Hybrid functional calculations suggest that straightforward incorporation of Be in GaN will likely lead to compensated high resistivity samples. In this case, beryllium interstitials and nitrogen vacancies are the most likely compensating donors. However, calculations also show that simultaneous incorporation of beryllium and hydrogen in the nitrogen-rich growth regime is likely to lead to the formation of neutral BeGa-Hi complexes. These complexes are energetically favorable and do not exhibit any transition levels in the bandgap. Subsequent annealing in hydrogen-free or nitrogen ambient will dissociate these complexes and activate shallow BeGa acceptors in GaN. Experimental measurements, where an ultraviolet photoluminescence band related to the shallow BeGa acceptor emerges after annealing the Be-doped GaN, confirm these findings.
Parallelizing DNN Training on GPUs: Challenges and Opportunities

In recent years, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have emerged as a widely adopted approach in many application domains. Training DNN models is also becoming a significant fraction of the datacenter workload. Recent evidence has demonstrated that modern DNNs are becoming more complex and the size of DNN parameters (i.e., weights) is also increasing. In addition, a large amount of input data is required to train the DNN models to reach target accuracy. As a result, the training performance becomes one of the major challenges that limit DNN adoption in real-world applications. Recent works have explored different parallelism strategies (i.e., data parallelism and model parallelism) and used multi-GPUs in datacenters to accelerate the training process. However, naively adopting data parallelism and model parallelism across multiple GPUs can lead to sub-optimal executions. The major reasons are i) the large amount of data movement that prevents the system from feeding the GPUs with the required data in a timely manner (for data parallelism); and ii) low GPU utilization caused by data dependency between layers that placed on different devices (for model parallelism). In this paper, we identify the main challenges in adopting data parallelism and model parallelism on multi-GPU platforms. Then, we conduct a survey including recent research works targeting these challenges. We also provide an overview of our work-in-progress project on optimizing DNN training on GPUs. Our results demonstrate that simple-yet-effective system optimizations can further improve the training scalability compared to prior works.
Predictive Value of Patient Symptoms in the Pathologic Diagnosis of Endometriosis

Study Objective To evaluate the predictive value of individual symptoms in the pathologic diagnosis of endometriosis and to create a predictive model for the presence of endometriosis in symptomatic patients. Design Retrospective review of patients who underwent surgical evaluation for possible endometriosis between 10/2018 and 12/2020. Statistical association between symptoms and histopathologic diagnosis of endometriosis was calculated using Fisher's exact test. An Elastic-Net logistic regression model was created to predict presence of endometriosis based on preoperative symptoms. Setting Clinical sites within a multi-state U.S. academic hospital system. Patients or Participants Female patients, >18 years old, with symptoms concerning for endometriosis, who underwent laparoscopy and biopsy. Interventions None. Measurements and Main Results A total of 499 patients were reviewed and 325 patients were confirmed to have histopathologic presence of endometriosis. Symptoms of pelvic pain (82.2%, p Conclusion An effective model to accurately predict the presence of endometriosis in patients prior to surgery was created based on self-reported symptoms, age, and BMI. Future research is needed to validate this model.
Rehabilitation Concerns in Geriatric Trauma

As the population ages and receives more state-of-the-art medical care, the number of elderly individuals sustaining injury becomes greater. There are extrinsic and intrinsic factors that lead to this increased incidence, including greater opportunity to live independently out of desire or necessity, and degenerative anatomical changes that lead to higher risks of low- and high-speed trauma. In order to return the patient to the highest level of independence possible, rehabilitation is frequently employed to manage the multidisciplinary aspects of functional restoration. The process of rehabilitation is not always well understood by non-physiatric medical practitioners, and its rules with regard to settings and funding can be confounding. This chapter outlines the important factors that drive rehabilitation services with a focus on concerns for the geriatric trauma patient and offers an overview of opportunities for improving the outcomes for those referred to rehabilitation services.
An axiomatic inspection of the behavior of topic models with data aggregation

Topic modeling has various applications in organizing and retrieving textual data in document collections. In enterprises, such collections are often distributed across various sites, and collaboratively aggregated at the time of processing. Therefore, the problem of topic modeling over aggregations of data is important. We study the behavior of a standard topic modeling technique—hierarchical Dirichlet process (HDP)—as the underlying data is aggregated. We formulate three axioms that reflect the assumptions that users frequently make when dealing with aggregated data. We empirically demonstrate that HDP does not necessarily satisfy these axioms. We discuss the ramifications of this on applications in enterprise settings.
Wide and reversible tuning of an individual nanowire laser using hydrostatic pressure

We report wide, continuous, and reversible tunable lasing between 367–337nm from single GaN nanowires by applying hydrostatic pressure up to ∼7GPa. The pressure coefficients observed are 40% larger compared with bulk GaN or GaN microstructures.
Positivity of the ϕ34 Hamiltonian

The renormalized φ Hamiltonian is bounded from below by a constant proportional to the volume.
Bourgeois Radicals : The NAACP and the Struggle for Colonial Liberation, 1941-1960

Bourgeois Radicals explores the NAACP's key role in the liberation of Africans and Asians across the globe even as it fought Jim Crow on the home front during the long civil rights movement. For NAACP's leaders, the way to create a stable international system, stave off communism in Africa and Asia, and prevent capitalist exploitation was to embed human rights, with its economic and cultural protections, in the transformation of colonies into nations. Indeed, the NAACP aided in the liberation struggles of multiple African and Asian countries within the limited ideological space of the Second Red Scare. However, its vision of a 'third way' to democracy for the hundreds of millions in Asia and Africa was only partially realized due to a toxic combination of the Cold War, Jim Crow, and imperialism. Bourgeois Radicals examines the toll that internationalism took on the organization and illuminates the linkages between the struggle for human rights and the fight for colonial independence.
Field Test of Detection and Characterisation of Subsurface Ice using Broadband Spectral‐Induced Polarisation

Low-frequency (LF, > 1 kHz). From laboratory measurements of samples collected at the US Army Permafrost Tunnel (Fox, Alaska), we find temperature-dependent relationships between ice volume fraction and the resistivity frequency effect (RFE, defined as the LF-normalised difference in LF and HF resistivities). We report the first field detection of H2O polarisability in permafrost, using a broadband spectral-induced polarisation system at the permafrost tunnel. By comparing laboratory and field spectra, we found a best-fitting ice temperature of -3 ± 0.5 °C. Laboratory RFE at the selected temperature was then used to map the RFE in the tunnel wall to 45 − 95 per cent ice by volume. Both of these results agreed quantitatively with the bulk properties of the tunnel, and the ice content image correlated qualitatively with major permafrost features. The RFE approach may be expedient using simpler instrumentation, but the close agreement of laboratory and field spectra indicates that the ice and interfacial water signatures can be individually quantified by broadband fitting of both amplitude and phase. This will provide more accurate constitutive relations, but more importantly will yield better remote temperature measurement of the subsurface using known dependencies of the dielectric relaxation frequencies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vietnamese Youth Gangs in Honolulu

SUMMARY Traditional theories of the connection between immigrant youth and gangs have not been sufficient in explaining why some are not in gangs. Therefore, this study examines Vietnamese youth gangs in Honolulu and the factors contributing to Vietnamese delinquency and youth gang participation. Twenty-six interviews were conducted with agency, school, police, Vietnamese adults, and Vietnamese youth. Results suggest that though the content of the delinquency model is different for immigrant and nonimmigrant youth, the process is the same. Problems in the home, school, or neighborhood facilitate contact with delinquent youth, and association with delinquent peers increases the likelihood for delinquency and gang involvement. Therefore, participation inyouth gangs depends on peer relationships. This finding is congruent with the perceptions of youth, while adults appear less aware of the effects of peer relationships among youth.
H-1B Visas, Offshoring, and the Wages of US Information Technology Workers

We use new sources of micro-data to estimate the short-run impact that H-1B employment has had on IT wages. Our primary data source describes employers, demographics, and wages for a segment of the US IT workforce. We integrate these data with external datasets describing employers’ H-1B applications, available through Department of Labor databases, and offshore employment, measured through the self-reported employment of a large sample of offshore IT workers.
The Role of Glucose Modulation and Dietary Supplementation in Patients With Central Nervous System Tumors

Central nervous system gliomas are the most common primary brain tumor, and these are most often high-grade gliomas. Standard therapy includes a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy which provides a modest increase in survival, but virtually, no patients are cured, the overall prognosis remains poor, and new therapies are desperately needed. Tumor metabolism is a well-recognized but understudied therapeutic approach to treating cancers. Dietary and nondietary modulation of glucose homeostasis and the incorporation of dietary supplements and other natural substances are potentially important interventions to affect cancer cell growth, palliate symptoms, reduce treatment-associated side effects, and improve the quality and quantity of life in patients with cancer. These approaches are highly desired by patients. However, they can be financially burdensome, associated with toxicities, and have, on occasion, reduced the efficacy of proven therapies and negatively impacted patient outcomes. The lack of rigorous scientific data evaluating almost all diet and supplement-based therapies currently limits their incorporation into standard oncologic practice. Rigorous studies are needed to document and improve these potentially useful approaches in patients with brain and other malignancies.
Properties and mechanisms of olfactory learning and memory

Memories are dynamic physical phenomena with psychometric forms as well as characteristic timescales. Most of our understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying the neurophysiology of memory, however, derives from one-trial learning paradigms that, while powerful, do not fully embody the gradual, representational, and statistical aspects of cumulative learning. The early olfactory system-particularly olfactory bulb-comprises a reasonably well-understood and experimentally accessible neuronal network with intrinsic plasticity that underlies both one-trial (adult aversive, neonatal) and cumulative (adult appetitive) odor learning. These olfactory circuits employ many of the same molecular and structural mechanisms of memory as, for example, hippocampal circuits following inhibitory avoidance conditioning, but the temporal sequences of post-conditioning molecular events are likely to differ owing to the need to incorporate new information from ongoing learning events into the evolving memory trace. Moreover, the shapes of acquired odor representations, and their gradual transformation over the course of cumulative learning, also can be directly measured, adding an additional representational dimension to the traditional metrics of memory strength and persistence. In this review, we describe some established molecular and structural mechanisms of memory with a focus on the timecourses of post-conditioning molecular processes. We describe the properties of odor learning intrinsic to the olfactory bulb and review the utility of the olfactory system of adult rodents as a memory system in which to study the cellular mechanisms of cumulative learning.
Speaking rate and fundamental frequency as speech cues to perceived age.

Summary This study aimed to specify a set of acoustic cues fundamental to vocal aging and to establish their perceptual relevance, using acoustic analysis and perceptual testing. Three experiments were conducted to identify the perceptual correlates of the aging voice. The first experiment analyzed important voice parameters that signal a person's age for 16 older males and 14 younger males. In the second and third experiments, these acoustic patterns were systematically shifted through resynthesis to see if perceived age would be significantly influenced. In the second experiment, the older and younger male voices were resynthesized by manipulating speaking rate and fundamental frequency to shift the perceived age of the groups toward each other. In the third experiment, older and middle-aged male voices were resynthesized in a similar manner. In both perceptual studies, an age estimation task with naive listeners was used. The results of the first experiment showed that, in older speakers, sentence, word, and diphthong durations were all significantly longer and mean fundamental frequency was significantly higher than for the younger group. In the second experiment, only the manipulation of speaking rate resulted in a significant shift in perceived age, and it did so only for the older subjects. In the third experiment, a significant shift in age estimates was observed for the middle-aged, but not the older, voices when speaking rate was manipulated. The results of both perception tests suggest that speaking rate, but possibly not fundamental frequency, is a perceptually relevant cue to age in voice.
An Innovative and Practical Course for Environmental Educators

This article reports on the novel design, and successful outcome, of an environmental education course designed for both practicing teachers and nonformal educators. Challenges in developing the course included the following: (1) the variable education and resource needs of course enrollees, (2) the lack of consistent science and environmental backgrounds of course participants, and (3) the lack of science faculty training in teaching techniques and teacher education requirements. The solution was an integrated component course design and an assignment that was adapted to each participant. This article discusses the need for such a course, explores methods for overcoming the aforementioned challenges, and offers this course as a model for developing environmental education courses.
Stenting de l'artère rénale pour sténose de découverte fortuite : y a-t-il le moindre bénéfice ?

Nous avons etudie s'il existait un benefice clinique chez les malades chez lesquels etait decouverte de facon fortuite une stenose arterielle renale (SAR) serree traitee par angioplastie transluminale percutanee (ATP) et stenting de l'artere renale lors d'une arteriographie realisee pour une autre indication. Nous avons realise une etude retrospective des dossiers de tous les malades ayant eu une arteriographie renale au cours d'une periode de quatre ans dans notre centre de reference tertiaire academique. L'etude des compte-rendus d'arteriographies a ete utilisee pour identifier les malades ayant une SAR serree (diminution superieure ou egale a 70% du diametre de la lumiere a l'arteriographie). Les malades traites par ATP et stenting de l'artere renale ont ete identifies. Des pressions arterielles de base et apres la procedure (PA, une moyenne d'au moins trois mesures independantes), les debits de filtration glomerulaire, la creatinine serique et les traitements anti-hypertenseurs ont ete compares au cours de 12 mois de suivi. Au cours d'une periode de quatre ans, 124 malades ont eu une arteriographie renale et 78 (63%) ont eu un diagnostic de SAR serree. Cinquante-huit malades (74% de ceux ayant une SAR serree) ont eu une ATP avec stenting de l'artere renale. Les malades traites par ATP avec stenting avaient des caracteristiques de base semblables a ceux ayant une SAR serree sans intervention, a l'exception d'une PA diastolique plus basse (PAD 74 ± 11,2 versus 80 ± 14,2 mmHg, p = 0,04) et une proportion plus importante d'hyperlipidemie (78% versus 55%, p = 0,05). Trente-huit sur 58 malades ayant eu une ATP avec stenting (66%) ont ete suffisamment suivis pour apprecier le resultat. Lorsque les variables de base et apres l'intervention etaient comparees chez les malades ayant eu une ATP avec stenting et un suivi de 12 mois, il existait une diminution de la PA systolique (PAS 153 ± 20,8 versus 136 ± 27,2 mmHg, p = 0,01) et de la pression arterielle moyenne (PAM 103 ± 11,2 versus 95 ± 14 mmhg, p = 0,04). Lorsque ces malades etaient stratifies suivant qu'ils avaient une augmentation, une diminution ou une absence de modification des traitements anti-hypertenseurs post-procedure, des diminutions significatives de PAS, PAM et PAD n'ont ete notees que dans la population de malades qui avaient egalement une augmentation du nombre de medicaments anti-hypertenseurs. Aucune difference d'insuffisance renale n'a ete decelee. Les malades ayant une SAR serree decouverte fortuitement au cours d'une arteriographie realisee pour des lesions extra-renales et traitees par ATP avec stenting ont eu une diminution modeste de la PA, qui n'etait significative que chez les malades ayant une augmentation du nombre de medicaments anti-hypertenseurs apres la procedure. Des precautions doivent etre prises lorsqu'on propose un stenting a des malades ayant une SAR decouverte fortuitement dans la mesure ou les benefices peuvent etre minimes par rapport au seul traitement medical.
Pharmacological properties of oxotremorine and its analogs

The mechanism of action of oxotremorine is reviewed. A number of analogs of oxotremorine, including agonists, partial agonists and antagonists, are described. Many of these are potent and highly specific in their central actions. The possible basis for this specificity is outlined.
The need for the identification of the constituents of a destination's tourist image: A promotional segmentation perspective

This study was designed to examine the dimensions of tourist image as it may affect the promotion strategy for a given tourist destination. Identification of the different constituents of a destination's tourist image may provide important information that can be used in developing focused promotional strategies in well segmented markets to promote a tourist destination. Constituents of a destination's tourist image for the state of Utah were identified using factor analysis based upon a priori assumptions about the nature of constituents of a state's tourist image. Four major constituents of a destination's/state's tourist image emerged. Each dimension represents a potential source of focus for regionally promoting a given destination to various target segments.
Small AdS black holes from SYM

Abstract We provide a characterization of the set of configurations in N = 4 SYM theory that are dual to small AdS black holes. Our construction shows that the black hole dual states are approximately thermal on a SU ( M ) subset of degrees of freedom of a SU ( N ) gauge theory. M is determined dynamically and the black hole degrees of freedom are dynamically insulated from the rest. These states are localized on the S 5 and have dynamical processes that correspond to matter absorption that make them behave as black objects.
A GRADUATE NURSING CURRICULUM FOR THE EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF URINARY INCONTINENCE

Geriatric nurse practitioners should be educated in the evaluation and treatment of common geriatric syndromes like urinary incontinence. However, many advanced-practice nursing programs do not place an educational emphasis on urinary incontinence management. The purpose of this project is to provide information that supports the need for geriatric-nurse practitioners to evaluate and manage urinary symptoms in clinical practice. One step in addressing this lack of knowledge is to design a curriculum model (not currently available) based on current clinical guidelines, other partial curriculum models, and clinical research. With this education, geriatric-nurse practitioners will be able to provide competent care for the patient with urinary symptoms, while increasing the accessibility and quality of continence care.
SOURCE-SINK POPULATION DYNAMICS MAY COMPLICATE THE INTERPRETATION OF LONG-TERM CENSUS DATA'

We examined the reproductive success and long—term population dynamics of Neotropical migrant birds in the fragmented landscapes of Illinois. Our primary objective was to assess whether annual variation in abundances and persistence of populations within woodlots was related to variation in reproductive success. Nesting success of migrants was so low in the woodlots where we sampled that it is unlikely that these populations are self—sustaining. Moreover, populations frequently disappear from and recolonize these woodlots. These data suggest that the source—sink metaphor for population dynamics within spatially structured populations is applicable to migratory birds in Illinois. The scale of this dynamic is unknown, but may be regional (i.e., midwestern U.S.). An important implication of this result is that census data must be interpreted carefully. For one woodlot, we detected no systematic trend in the overall abundances of migratory birds over much of the 20th century. Yet the viability of populations within that woodlot likely decreased dramatically over that time owing to increasing rates of nest predation and brood parasitism. Lack of data on dispersal is a major gap in understanding the population dynamics of Neotropical migrants and prescribing effective conservation measures.
Incomes, Exchange Rates and the US Trade Deficit, Once Again*

The chronic and expanding US trade deficit has refocused attention upon the responsiveness of trade flows to exchange rate and income changes. I estimate import and export equations over a period spanning the 1990s New Economy boom and the subsequent recession and dollar depreciation. The results indicate (1) a low responsiveness of imports to exchange rate changes, and (2) a diminution (but not disappearance) of the income elasticity asymmetry first noted by Houthakker and Magee. The combination of low price elasticity of imports with the present size of the trade deficit means that any reduction of the trade deficit will necessarily be accompanied by large exchange rate and income trend adjustments.
Abstract 4442: Enhancement of radiation response in KRAS mutant non-small cell lung cancer cells with the MEK inhibitor GSK1120212.

Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC Biomarkers that can select appropriate patient subsets for optimal treatment will likely improve personalized delivery of cancer treatment. While radiotherapy is a cornerstone for the management of non-metastatic lung cancers, there are no clinically useful biomarkers to help predict for radiation responsiveness and to help select drugs to enhance radiation sensitization in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). KRAS mutations are found in 20%-30% of NSCLC and confer drug resistance. Drugs that target downstream pathways activated in KRAS mutant cells could enhance cytotoxic effects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if the potent MEK1/2 inhibitor GSK1120212 can selectively enhance radiation response based on the genomic context in lung cancer cell lines. We selected a panel of NSCLC cell lines with or without KRAS mutations and tested their response to combinational treatment with radiation and MEK inhibitor via clonogenic survival assay. We found that GSK1120212 had no radiation enhancement effect in the three KRAS wild type (WT) cell lines tested. In contrast, in three KRAS mutant lung cancer cells, GSK1120212 dramatically reduced clonogenic survival to radiation treatment (radiation enhancement factor 1.2-1.9). We found that GSK1120212 selectively induced G1 cell cycle arrest through regulating the expression of several cell cycle regulation proteins, such as Cyclin B1, Cyclin E1 and RB. GSK1120212 also enhanced the G2/M phase arrest caused by radiation therapy and significantly decreased cell number in S phase. Ultimately, this led to cellular senescence selectively in KRAS mutant but not WT cells. At the dose chosen for this study (IC30), GSK1120212 didn't augment DNA damage or induce cell apoptosis caused by radiation. Taken together, our data suggested that MEK inhibitor GSK1120212 may have some selectivity in enhancing radiation effects in KRAS mutant lung cancer cells. A phase I clinical trial is currently ongoing to test the safety and preliminary efficacy of combining GSK1120212 and chemoradiation in locally advanced NSCLC. Citation Format: Steven H. Lin, Jing Zhang, Uma Giri, John V. Heymach. Enhancement of radiation response in KRAS mutant non-small cell lung cancer cells with the MEK inhibitor GSK1120212. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4442. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4442
The African Origins of the Amistad Rebellion, 1839

This essay explores the Amistad rebellion of 1839, in which fifty-three Africans seized a slave schooner, sailed it to Long Island, New York, made an alliance with American abolitionists, and won their freedom in a protracted legal battle. Asking how and why the rebels succeeded, it emphasizes the African background and experience, as well as the “fictive kinship” that grew out of many incarcerations, as sources of solidarity that made the uprising possible. The essay concludes by discussing the process of mutiny, suggesting a six-phase model for understanding the dynamics of shipboard revolt, and showing how such events can have powerful historical consequences.
The NASA Aviation Safety Program: Overview

In 1997, the United States set a national goal to reduce the fatal accident rate for aviation by 80% within ten years based on the recommendations by the Presidential Commission on Aviation Safety and Security. Achieving this goal will require the combined efforts of government, industry, and academia in the areas of technology research and development, implementation, and operations. To respond to the national goal, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has developed a program that will focus resources over a five year period on performing research and developing technologies that will enable improvements in many areas of aviation safety. The NASA Aviation Safety Program (AvSP) is organized into six research areas: Aviation System Modeling and Monitoring, System Wide Accident Prevention, Single Aircraft Accident Prevention, Weather Accident Prevention, Accident Mitigation, and Synthetic Vision. Specific project areas include Turbulence Detection and Mitigation, Aviation Weather Information, Weather Information Communications, Propulsion Systems Health Management, Control Upset Management, Human Error Modeling, Maintenance Human Factors, Fire Prevention, and Synthetic Vision Systems for Commercial, Business, and General Aviation aircraft. Research will be performed at all four NASA aeronautics centers and will be closely coordinated with Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and other government agencies, industry, academia, as well as the aviation user community. This paper provides an overview of the NASA Aviation Safety Program goals, structure, and integration with the rest of the aviation community.
Resurrection and redescription of Placobdella rugosa (Verrill, 1874) (Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae)

ABSTRACT The identification and taxonomy of papillated leeches of the genus Placobdella have been extremely problematic, confounded by vague descriptions, redescriptions of species without reference to type material or type locality, and more than a century of numerous dubious taxonomic acts. Leeches collected on August 5 and 6, 2011, from North Dakota, USA, the type locality of Clepsine ornata rugosa Verrill, 1874, were determined to be conspecific with Placobdella rugosa (Verrill, 1874) Moore, 1901 on the basis of comparison to the syntype series. The acquisition of these specimens from the type locality facilitated resurrection and redescription of P. rugosa. Placobdella rugosa is similar to P. ali but differs in salivary gland morphology and ventral pigmentation. Molecular comparison of CO-I revealed differences of 16.1% between P. rugosa and P. ali.
Enhanced light out-coupling of organic light-emitting devices using embedded low-index grids

The application of organic light-emitting devices to reduce the energy consumption of interior lighting, which now costs more than $230 billion annually1, is attracting interest due to the high efficiency of these devices. Indeed, electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting devices with an internal quantum efficiency ηIQE of 100% (refs 2,3) already approach the efficiency of fluorescent lamps4,5,6. However, because of the high refractive index of organic materials and the optical confinement and internal reflection that results, the light out-coupling efficiency ηout for conventional organic light-emitting devices is limited to ∼20% (refs 2,7). Here we demonstrate that embedding a low-index grid in the organic layers can enhance the out-coupling of the waveguided light without spectral distortion. When combined with microlenses that out-couple the glass modes, the external quantum efficiency ηEQE and power efficiency of a white organic light-emitting device are improved to 34 ± 2% and 68 ± 4 lm W–1. The resulting ηout is 2.3 ± 0.2 times that of a conventional organic light-emitting device used as a comparison, and simulations indicate that the enhancement can be further increased to 3.4 ± 0.2. Extracting light from organic LEDs is difficult owing to the refractive index of the materials used, and the output efficiency is typically limited to around 15–20%. By embedding a grid with a low refractive index into the organic layers and using a microlens array researchers have now managed to increase this figure to 34%, representing an improvement by factor of 2.3 over a conventional device.
A Fixed-Distribution PAC Learning Theory for Neural FIR Models

The PAC learning theory creates a framework to assess the learning properties of static models. This theory has been extended to include learning of modeling tasks with m-dependent data given that the data are distributed according to a uniform distribution. The extended theory can be applied for learning of nonlinear FIR models with the restriction that the data are unformly distributed. In this paper, The PAC learning scheme is extended to deal with any FIR model regardless of the distribution of the data. This fixed-distribution m-dependent extension of the PAC learning theory is then applied to the learning of FIR three-layer feedforward sigmoid neural networks.
Intravascular thrombosis and thromboembolism during liver transplantation: Antifibrinolytic therapy implicated?

This case report describes a patient who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation and developed extensive hyperacute venous and arterial intravascular thromboses and thromboemboli intraoperatively. The patient was receiving antifibrinolytic therapy with aprotinin. The safety of routine aprotinin therapy in liver transplantation is examined. The value of the thrombelastograph (TEG) as a qualitative assessment of the coagulation system is emphasized.