cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Surgery versus radiation therapy as single-modality treatment of tonsillar fossa carcinoma : The Roswell Park Cancer Institute Experience (1971-1991)

Objective: To compare the efficacy and treatment outcomes in patients with tonsillar fossa cancer using surgery or radiation as a single modality therapy. Methods: From 1971 to 1991 239 patients with oral pharyngeal cancer were treated at Roswell Park Cancer Institute. Of these patients 90 had tonsillar carcinoma. Seventy-six of these patients received either surgery (SA) (n = 56) or radiation therapy (RA) (n = 20) as single-modality therapy and are the subject of this review. All patients in the radiation arm of this review were surgical candidates who declined primary surgical therapy. Results: Sixty-three percent of the SA and 80% of the RA treatment groups presented with either stage m or stage IV disease (P ≤.05). Forty-seven percent of the SA group and 52% of the RA patients had clinically positive regional disease at initial presentation. There was a predictable pattern of nodal presentation, with level II the most frequently involved region. The rate of occult metastasis was 27% and was evenly distributed between T1 and T4 disease. The overall local control rate in the SA group was 75%, compared with 60% in the RA group (P value was not significant). The disease-specific survival (all stages) was 61% in the SA group and 37% in the RA group (P ≤.05). The disease-free survival for stage m and stage IV disease in the SA group was 47% and in the RA group 27% (P ≤.05). Survival measured against clinical response to radiation therapy, in complete responders (all stages) was 83%; by contrast there were no survivors past 24 months in the partial response group (P ≤.001). Conclusion: The results from this study suggest that for early disease (stage I/II), surgery or radiation therapy as single-modality treatment is equally effective. For advanced disease radiation therapy is inferior to surgery as a single-modality treatment, as measured by ultimate survival and the local control of disease. There is, however, a subset of patients with advanced disease who respond to radiation therapy and whose survival is equivalent to our surgical cohort of patients.
Invited Paper: A Compile-time Cost Model for OpenMP

OpenMP has gained wide popularity as an API for parallel programming on shared memory and distributed shared memory platforms. It is also a promising candidate to exploit the emerging multicore, multithreaded processors. In addition, there is an increasing trend to combine OpenMP with MPI to take full advantage of mainstream supercomputers consisting of clustered SMPs. All of these require that attention be paid to the quality of the compiler's translation of OpenMP and the flexibility of runtime support. Many compilers and runtime libraries have an internal cost model that helps evaluate compiler transformations, guides adaptive runtime systems, and helps achieve load balancing. But existing models are not sufficient to support OpenMP, especially on new platforms. In this paper we present our experience adapting the cost models in OpenUH, a branch of Open64, to estimate the execution cycles of parallel OpenMP regions using knowledge of both software and hardware. Our OpenMP cost model reuses major components from Open64, along with extensions to consider more OpenMP details. Preliminary evaluations of the model are presented using kernel benchmarks. The challenges and possible extensions for modeling OpenMP on multicore platforms are also discussed.
Organization of genes encoding membrane proteins of the Escherichia coli ferrienterobactin permease.

Summary Transposon mutagenesis and plasmid complementation studies have identified two genes, fepD and fepG, which are essential for ferrienterobactin transport in Escherichia coli. These genes mapped In the enterobactin gene cluster and genetic evidence indicated that they are transcribed as part of an operon (fepD, fepG, fepC). The nucleotide sequence of fepD was determined; it could encode a hydrophobic 33.8kDa protein with sequence homologies to other iron and vitamin B12 transport proteins. Also identified, between fepD and fepB, was an open reading frame (ORF43) with no detectable function; its 43 kDa protein product (P43) was seen on polyacrylamide gels. The fepD–C operon and ORF43 were divergently transcribed from a 110bp region containing a binding site for the repressor protein Fur.
Mining for SNPs: putting the common variants--common disease hypothesis to the test.

Classical molecular genetic strategies have succeeded in identifying mutations responsible for numerous rare diseases with Mendelian patterns of inheritance, but have been largely unsuccessful in unravelling the genetic basis of complex medical conditions like cardiovascular disease, diabetes and mental illness. These common disorders are shaped by multiple genes that exert weak allelic effects in the setting of confounding environmental variables. Association study designs provide statistical power to reveal the modest contributions of weak alleles, and evidence is mounting that common genetic polymorphisms play a role in complex diseases. Cataloguing genetic variation in human populations is a prerequisite for further validation of the ‘common variants-common disease’ hypothesis, and polymorphism discovery has begun in earnest in the academic and private sector. We will review several strategies for high-throughput polymorphism discovery and discuss the implications of early results from polymorphism sc...
PROPAGATING WAVES AND END MODES IN PRETWISTED BEAMS

Abstract A method is presented for studying propagating waves and end modes in a uniformly pretwisted beam. The variationally derived equations of motion are based on three-dimensional elasticity and finite element modelling of the cross-section. This discretization procedure accommodates arbitrarily shaped cross-sections of inhomogeneous anisotropic material properties that follow the pretwist rotation rate. An harmonic solution form in both timetand axial co-ordinate ζ is introduced, i.e., exp {i(kζ−οt)}, resulting in a two parameter algebraic eigensystem. By specifying the axial wavenumberk, the eigenproblem permits real frequencies of propagating modes to be determined. By specifying real frequency ο, both real and complex axial wavenumbers can be extracted, where real values pertain to propagating modes and the complex ones to edge vibrations or end modes. Due to pretwist, the effect of extension, torsion and flexural are coupled. Examples of homogeneous, isotropic beams with rectangular and square cross-sections are given to illustrate the method of analysis and the physical behavior.
Quantifying error of lidar and sodar Doppler beam swinging measurements of wind turbine wakes using computational fluid dynamics

Abstract. Wind-profiling lidars are now regularly used in boundary-layer meteorology and in applications such as wind energy and air quality. Lidar wind profilers exploit the Doppler shift of laser light backscattered from particulates carried by the wind to measure a line-of-sight (LOS) velocity. The Doppler beam swinging (DBS) technique, used by many commercial systems, considers measurements of this LOS velocity in multiple radial directions in order to estimate horizontal and vertical winds. The method relies on the assumption of homogeneous flow across the region sampled by the beams. Using such a system in inhomogeneous flow, such as wind turbine wakes or complex terrain, will result in errors. To quantify the errors expected from such violation of the assumption of horizontal homogeneity, we simulate inhomogeneous flow in the atmospheric boundary layer, notably stably stratified flow past a wind turbine, with a mean wind speed of 6.5 m s−1 at the turbine hub-height of 80 m. This slightly stable case results in 15° of wind direction change across the turbine rotor disk. The resulting flow field is sampled in the same fashion that a lidar samples the atmosphere with the DBS approach, including the lidar range weighting function, enabling quantification of the error in the DBS observations. The observations from the instruments located upwind have small errors, which are ameliorated with time averaging. However, the downwind observations, particularly within the first two rotor diameters downwind from the wind turbine, suffer from errors due to the heterogeneity of the wind turbine wake. Errors in the stream-wise component of the flow approach 30% of the hub-height inflow wind speed close to the rotor disk. Errors in the cross-stream and vertical velocity components are also significant: cross-stream component errors are on the order of 15% of the hub-height inflow wind speed (1.0 m s−1) and errors in the vertical velocity measurement exceed the actual vertical velocity. By three rotor diameters downwind, DBS-based assessments of wake wind speed deficits based on the stream-wise velocity can be relied on even within the near wake within 1.0 m s−1 (or 15% of the hub-height inflow wind speed), and the cross-stream velocity error is reduced to 8% while vertical velocity estimates are compromised. Measurements of inhomogeneous flow such as wind turbine wakes are susceptible to these errors, and interpretations of field observations should account for this uncertainty.
Localization and quantification of 5-hydroxytryptophan and serotonin in the central nervous systems of Tritonia and Aplysia.

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) plays a central role in several behaviors in marine molluscs and other species. In an effort to better understand the regulation of 5-HT synthesis, we used high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection and immunohistochemistry to measure and map the distribution of the immediate precursor of 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), in two model opisthobranch molluscs, the nudibranch Tritonia diomedea and the anaspid Aplysia californica. HPLC measurements showed that 5-HTP is present at approximately the same level as the 5-HT metabolite, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) but is more than 100 times lower in concentration than either 5-HT or dopamine in the same tissue. Specific 5-HTP immunoreactivity was colocalized with serotonin in both species. The overall intensity of 5-HTP immunoreactivity in individual ganglia agreed with HPLC measurements for those ganglia. The intensity of 5-HTP immunolabeling varied between cell types and was correlated with the intensity of 5-HT immunolabeling. In particular, differences in staining intensity were consistently seen among the three dorsal swim interneurons of the Tritonia swim central pattern generator circuit. Some nonserotonergic neurons also displayed low levels of 5-HTP immunolabeling that were above background levels. Together, these results support the notion that production of 5-HTP is a rate-limiting step in serotonin synthesis and suggest that there may be additional regulation that allows 5-HTP to accumulate to varying levels. J. Comp. Neurol. 437:91–105, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Robotic Level III Inferior Vena Cava Tumor Thrombectomy: Initial Series

Purpose: Level III inferior vena cava tumor thrombectomy for renal cancer is one of the most challenging open urologic oncology surgeries. We present the initial series of completely intracorporeal robotic level III inferior vena cava tumor thrombectomy.Materials and Methods: Nine patients underwent robotic level III inferior vena cava thrombectomy and 7 patients underwent level II thrombectomy. The entire operation (high intrahepatic inferior vena cava control, caval exclusion, tumor thrombectomy, inferior vena cava repair, radical nephrectomy, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy) was performed exclusively robotically. To minimize the chances of intraoperative inferior vena cava thrombus embolization, an “inferior vena cava-first, kidney-last” robotic technique was developed. Data were accrued prospectively.Results: All 16 robotic procedures were successful, without open conversion or mortality. For level III cases (9), median primary kidney (right 6, left 3) cancer size was 8.5 cm (range 5.3 to 10.8) and in...
Integration, Emergence, and the Structure of Scientific Progress

I enjoyed reading Schacht’s chapter and commentaries on our diverse approaches to the issue of integration among the psychotherapies. As some-one not infrequently seduced by what Lewis Thomas (1979) calls “transcendental metaworry,” I also found myself fascinated with Schacht’s analysis of metatheoretical issues and the problems of communication— let alone “unit analysis”—when competing paradigms and perspectives are being considered.
Indigenous arsenic(V)‐reducing microbial communities in redox‐fluctuating near‐surface sediments of the Mekong Delta

Arsenic (As) cycling within soils and sediments of the Mekong Delta of Cambodia is affected by drastic redox fluctuations caused by seasonal monsoons. Extensive flooding during monsoon seasons creates anoxic soil conditions that favor anaerobic microbial processes, including arsenate [As(V)] respiration-a process contributing to the mobilization of As. Repeated oxidation and reduction in near-surface sediments, which contain 10-40 mg kg(-1) As, lead to the eventual downward movement of As to the underlying aquifer. Amplification of a highly conserved functional gene encoding dissimilatory As(V) reductase, arrA, can be used as a molecular marker to detect the genetic potential for As(V) respiration in environmental samples. However, few studies have successfully amplified arrA from sediments without prior enrichment, which can drastically shift community structure. In the present study, we examine the distribution and diversity of arrA genes amplified from multiple sites within the Cambodian Mekong Delta as a function of near-surface depth (10, 50, 100, 200, and 400 cm), where sediments undergo seasonal redox fluctuations. We report successful amplification of 302 arrA gene sequences (72 OTUs) from near-surface Cambodian soils (without prior enrichment or stimulation with carbon amendments), where a large majority (>70%) formed a well-supported clade that is phylogenetically distinct from previously reported sequences from Cambodia and other South and Southeast Asian sediments, with highest sequence similarity to known Geobacter species capable of As(V) respiration, further supporting the potentially important role of Geobacter sp. in arsenic mobilization in these regions.
Building University-Community Partnerships through a Community-Based Learning Assignment

Universities located in or near rural settings are uniquely positioned to partner with their community to offer invaluable resources often lacking within rural social service agencies. This teaching note describes a community-based research assignment implemented within an MSW advanced research methods course. The goal of this class was to teach students, through service learning, each phase of the evaluation process, and strategies to build and sustain rural community partnerships. Lessons learned and implications for social work practice and education are discussed.
The Institutionalization of Racial Profiling Policy: An Examination of Antiprofiling Policy Adoption Among Large Law Enforcement Agencies

The issue of racial profiling has come to represent one of the key contemporary challenges facing law enforcement agencies in the United States. One way that agencies have responded to this issue is to adopt anti-profiling policies to address concerns about racial disparities in traffic stops and their outcomes. Policy adoption is assumed to encourage more racially equitable policing as well as enhance community relations. While both of these outcomes appear beneficial to law enforcement agencies, there is also good reason to expect that agencies may differ in the extent to which they are likely to implement such policy. This study explores what factors explain the adoption of protocols addressing the racial profiling phenomenon. Using data on large law enforcement agencies from the 2003 LEMAS survey, the findings reveal that both agency organizational characteristics and environmental features of the jurisdiction are associated with the agency’s profiling policy regime.
Driving high voltage piezoelectric actuators in microrobotic applications

Abstract Piezoelectric actuators have been used successfully to enable locomotion in aerial and ambulatory microrobotic platforms. However, the use of piezoelectric actuators presents two major challenges for power electronic design: generating high-voltage drive signals in systems typically powered by low-voltage energy sources, and recovering unused energy from the actuators. Due to these challenges, conventional drive circuits become too bulky or inefficient in low mass applications. This work describes electrical characteristics and drive requirements of low mass piezoelectric actuators, the design and optimization of suitable drive circuit topologies, aspects of the physical instantiation of these topologies, including the fabrication of extremely lightweight magnetic components, and a custom, ultra low power integrated circuit that implements control functionality for the drive circuits. The principles and building blocks presented here enable efficient high-voltage drive circuits that can satisfy the stringent weight and power requirements of microrobotic applications.
The impact of apheresis platelet manipulation on corrected count increment

Background—Concentrating and washing apheresis platelets (APs) substantially reduce the number of allergic transfusion reactions likely due to removal of plasma. However, these processes may damage platelets. This study evaluated whether concentrating or washing APs decrease the Corrected Count Increment (CCI). Study Design and Methods—This retrospective study evaluated individuals who initially received unmanipulated APs and subsequently received concentrated and/or washed APs at a large university hospital between 1998 and 2009. Concentrated units were prepared by reducing the plasma volume of APs by a goal of >67%. Washed units were prepared by washing the APs with 1L normal saline. The CCI (plt × m 2 /uL) for all transfusions was calculated. Hypothesis testing was performed with Student’s t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square tests for dichotomous variables. Results—We evaluated 121 individuals; 46 patients who received unmanipulated, concentrated and then washed APs, 59 patients who received unmanipulated and then concentrated APs; and 16 patients who received unmanipulated and then washed APs. Patient demographics were similar among the three groups. The mean CCI for unmanipulated AP transfusions at 0–2 hours post transfusion were significantly higher than concentrated and washed platelet transfusions (p<0.001). However, when accounting for platelet loss due to manipulation, concentrating APs did not impact the CCI, but the CCI remained significantly lower for washed products at all time points post transfusion (40.7% mean reduction at 20–24 hours, p<0.001). Conclusions—Washing APs significantly reduces platelet count recovery and survival, as demonstrated by a significantly reduced CCI.
Dealing with the Contagion: China and India in the Aftermath of the Subprime Meltdown

What began as a downturn in the US housing sector in the summer of 2007 had mushroomed into a global financial crisis by September 2008: the most severe since the 1930s. Developing countries, including China and India, at first seemingly sheltered from the worst of the turmoil, have not been immune to the contagion's spillover effects. What are China and India's precise vulnerabilities, and what can each do to better insulate their economies from the vagaries of global financial marker turmoil? Equally important, what long-term strategies must each country adopt to make their economies more resilient to global market downturns?
The reestablishment of the Journal of Management History

Purpose – This paper aims to provide a review of the reinstitution of the Journal of Management History (JMH) following its five-year merger with Management Decision. In this review, the final issue of the merger in 2005 is examined through the four volumes of JMH that were published after the separation. Across this time period, trends in topics and approaches, as well as identify particularly impactful work, were investigated. Design/methodology/approach – With a taxonomy developed in a previous review of JMH (Hardy et al., 2015), articles were sorted by independent raters for the following dimensions: focus (i.e. person, topic or event), historical approach (i.e. an account or analysis) and readership (i.e. public policy or management). After full consensus was reached, these categories were examined to identify themes and shifts in trends over the target time period. Finally, the impact of articles published between 2005 and 2009 was evaluated by using citations provided by Google Scholar. Findings – ...
Eric H. Davidson (1937–2015)

Eric Harris Davidson spearheaded many of the advances that led to our current understanding of how organisms are made from genomes. He helped to show how the coordinated expression of a whole suite of genes determines what progenitor cells specialize into during development. He also helped to pioneer the idea of gene regulatory networks — systems of interacting genes made up of multiple feedback loops, or subcircuits, each performing a specific job in the regulation of gene activity in the cell.
‘To be black is to be funny’: ‘Coon-shouting’ and the melancholic production of the white comedienne

This essay explores the performance of “coon-shouter” May Irwin, the most famous female comedienne of the ragtime era, who developed an identity as a comedienne by popularizing “coon songs” on the musical comedy stage and in vaudeville at the turn of the twentieth century. By drawing upon Anne Anlin Cheng's conception of “racial melancholy,” the essay explores the “melancholic” production of the modern female comedienne in a period where women were discouraged from comedic performance. The essay argues that plain-faced “women of girth,” like Irwin, used coon-shouting to establish themselves as professional comedians in an era of limited stage roles for women. By sonically ingesting the “coon” – the predominant “outsider-within” – Irwin and other coon-shouters used the form of travesty to comically parody an intentionally constructed incongruity between white femininity and black masculinity. In doing so, they disavowed traditional forms of masking historically used by white male comedians in blackface – “...
A system dynamics model for construction method selection with sustainability considerations

Abstract Construction projects have project conditions that change over time, like the availability of resources. These changes have the potential to influence the selection of construction methods, which in turn significantly affects the chance of successfully accomplishing project objectives, such as the time of completion, cost, and sustainability. In addition, project conditions are dynamic, and their impact on construction methods and project objectives are difficult to predict intuitively. Therefore, there is a need for an analytic procedure to understand the impact of different project conditions on the decision-making process of construction professionals. This analytical procedure will better inform construction professionals during the selection of construction methods. The authors applied systems dynamics to simulate and analyze the changing project conditions and their influence on the selection of construction methods when decision-makers are constrained by time, cost and environmental impact objectives. Two highway case studies were considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the system dynamics model. The results of the case studies suggest that the proposed systems dynamics model has the potential to effectively simulate decision-making processes in construction under changing project conditions while outputting the most feasible construction methods. Furthermore, the study shows that project conditions have an impact on the flow of construction processes.
Humanbecoming Hermeneutic Sciencing: Reverence, Awe, Betrayal, and Shame in The Lives of Others

The purpose of this article is to report the details of the humanbecoming hermeneutic sciencing of dignity--the universal living experiences of reverence, awe, betrayal, and shame in The Lives of Others. With this report new language for humanbecoming hermeneutic sciencing is introduced. Language both reflects and cocreates meanings. Language is an evolutionary patterning of symbols specifying meanings for the moment; it is fluid and everchanging. All language evolves gradually as generative ideas dawn, shifting the meaning of words and systems of words. The new language here includes: humanbecoming hermeneutic sciencing as coming to know a text or artform in discoursing with penetrating engaging, interpreting with quiescent beholding, and understanding with inspiring envisaging; horizon of inquiry; scholar-text; scholar-artform; contextually construed circumstance; foreknowings; and newknowings--all of which cocreate new meanings.
Distributed Utility: Conflicts and Opportunities Between Incumbent Utilities, Suppliers, and Emerging New Entrants

Abstract This chapter explores the ongoing distributed utility regulatory reform in New York State known as Reforming the Energy Vision (REV), and compares it to the reform processes in California, Massachusetts, and Hawaii. Key policy issues, such as the distributed utility platform and ownership structure of distributed energy resources are discussed from the perspective of the incumbent utilities, existing power suppliers, and the emerging new entrants. The policies in these leading states are compared and contrasted to offer insight to other states or nations considering how to structure the utility of the future.
Novel Adiabatic Reactor Design for Supercritical Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

Abstract In this work, the technical viability of adiabatic operation for supercritical phase Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis is demonstrated. A preliminary design has been completed for a series of modules each consisting of an adiabatic reactor and a heat exchanger. The capital cost of this reactor design concept compares very favorably with conventional reactor designs and allows for much easier catalyst replacement and greater reactor control flexibility than in the traditional ARGE reactor, e.g. as used by Sasol.
Shutoff of Host Gene Expression in Influenza A Virus and Herpesviruses: Similar Mechanisms and Common Themes

The ability to shut off host gene expression is a shared feature of many viral infections, and it is thought to promote viral replication by freeing host cell machinery and blocking immune responses. Despite the molecular differences between viruses, an emerging theme in the study of host shutoff is that divergent viruses use similar mechanisms to enact host shutoff. Moreover, even viruses that encode few proteins often have multiple mechanisms to affect host gene expression, and we are only starting to understand how these mechanisms are integrated. In this review we discuss the multiplicity of host shutoff mechanisms used by the orthomyxovirus influenza A virus and members of the alpha- and gamma-herpesvirus subfamilies. We highlight the surprising similarities in their mechanisms of host shutoff and discuss how the different mechanisms they use may play a coordinated role in gene regulation.
Comparison of Three Detection Methods for Classical Swine Fever Virus

This paper investigated the advantages and disadvantages of three methods to detect classical swine fever virus(CSFV).We used three kinds of methods,including reverse transcription-multiplex nested polymerase chain reaction(RT-nPCR),fluorescence antibody method and colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay(CGIA),to detect 30 CSFV samples.The results showed that 11 samples of detected 30 samples were positive by RT-nPCR,13 samples were positive by fluorescence antibody method,8 samples were positive by CGIA,and 8 samples were positive and 17 samples were negative by the three methods.Although fluorescence antibody method saved time,it needed a seasoned staff to judge results.What's more,there were many false positive results arising by the method,and its specificity was rather poor.Gold dipstick method's biggest advantage was simple and easy to operate,and it was also appropriate for primary level,while the disadvantage was that it had a low sensibility.RT-nPCR's advantage was that it had a high-speed and sensitive operation,but it needed certain equipment and mature technology tests.In addition to this,it could differentiate testing samples whether they were vaccine strain or wild strain,and this was the point which other two methods couldn't match.
The Infant of the Diabetic Mother

Although there has been continuing improvement in outcome for infants born to diabetic mothers, they remain a high-risk population needing expert neonatal supervision preceded by meticulous medical-obstetric care. This article evaluates many of the difficulties that the infant of the diabetic mother may encounter, analyzes the pathophysiologic basis for their occurrence, and outlines specific rationale for treatment.
Cytokines in saliva increase in head and neck cancer patients after treatment.

Objective Approximately one-third of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) recur within 2 years of treatment. Due to ease of collection, saliva is of interest to monitor changes that correlate with treatment. Previously this was a challenge due to xerostomia after conventional radiation. The emergence of gland-sparing radiation has made it possible to collect saliva post-treatment. This study investigated changes in cytokines in saliva pre- and post-treatment to provide foundational knowledge for future studies exploring the use of saliva to monitor treatment response. Study Design Pre- and post-treatment saliva was evaluated for 8 cytokines by multiplex assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results In oropharyngeal HNSCC, secretion of epidermal growth factor (EGF), GROα (Growth-regulated protein alpha), interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and vascular endothelial growth factor increased significantly post-treatment. In additional patients, significant increases of GR-α and IL-6 were validated, but EGF showed no change. Conclusions The uniqueness of this study is its comparison of salivary cytokines from HNSCC patients pre- and post-treatment.
Thermodynamic Properties of Air from 60 to 2000 K at Pressures up to 2000 Mpa

A thermodynamic property formulation for standard dry air based upon experimental P–ρ–T, heat capacity, and speed of sound data and predicted values, which extends the range of prior formulations to higher pressures and temperatures, is presented. This formulation is valid for temperatures from the solidification temperature at the bubble point curve (59.75 K) to 2000 K at pressures up to 2000 MPa. In the absence of experimental air data above 873 K and 70 MPa, air properties were predicted from nitrogen data. These values were included in the fit to extend the range of the fundamental equation. Experimental shock tube measurements ensure reasonable extrapolated properties up to temperatures and pressures of 5000 K and 28 GPa. In the range from the solidification point to 873 K at pressures to 70 MPa, the estimated uncertainty of density values calculated with the fundamental equation for the vapor is ±0.1%. The uncertainty in calculated liquid densities is ±0.2%. The estimated uncertainty of calculated heat capacities is ±1% and that for calculated speed of sound values is ±0.2%. At temperatures above 873 K and 70 MPa, the estimated uncertainty of calculated density values is ±0.5%, increasing to ±1% at 2000 K and 2000 MPa.
Complete Genome Sequence of Two Rift Valley Fever Virus Strains Isolated from Outbreaks in Saudi Arabia (2000) and Kenya (2006 to 2007)

ABSTRACT The complete genome sequence, including the untranslated regions, of two Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) strains isolated from mosquitoes that were collected from disease outbreaks in Saudi Arabia (2001) and Kenya (2006 to 2007) were sequenced using next-generation sequencing technology.
Cell cycle regulation and functions of HMG-I(Y).

Members of the HMG-I(Y) family of “high mobility group” (HMG) proteins are distinguished from other nonhistone chromatin proteins by their ability to preferentially recognize the structure of the narrow minor groove of AT-sequences of B-form DNA. In vivo the HMG-I(Y) proteins are localized in the AT-rich G/Q bands and in the “scaffold-associated regions” (SARs) of metaphase chromosomes. These proteins also share with some of the other “HMG box” proteins the ability to recognize non-B-form structures, such as cruciforms (four-way junctions), as well as the possessing the capacity to introduce both bends and supercoils in substrate DNAs. These characteristics, along with their ability to specifically interact with a number of known transcription factors, enable the HMG-I(Y) proteins to function in vivo as structural transcription factors for a number mammalian genes. The HMG-I(Y) proteins are also in vivo substrates for the cell cycle regulated Cdc2 kinase which phosphorylates the DNA-binding domain(s) of the protein and, as a result, decreases their substrate binding affinity. This reversible in vivo pattern of Cdc2 kinase phosphorylations during the cell cycle is likely to play a major role in mediating the biological function(s) of the HMG-I(Y) proteins.
Race-ethnicity on blood pressure control after ischemic stroke: a prospective cohort study.

Abstract Disparities in health care access and socioeconomic status (SES) have been associated with racial-ethnic differences in blood pressure (BP) control. We examined post-ischemic stroke BP in a multiethnic cohort with good health care access. We included all hypertensive patients (n = 2972) from a randomized quality improvement trial on secondary stroke prevention, conducted in 14 Kaiser Permanente hospitals in Northern California from 2004–2006 (QUISP). Average age 73.2 ± 12.2 years; 52% female, 66% non-Hispanic white, 14% African-American, 11% Asian, 8% Hispanic, and 1% other. Demographics, diagnoses, health care utilization, BP measurements, and medications were obtained as part of routine care. We used random effects logistic regression models to examine race as a predictor of blood pressure control ( P = .001). Black race remained independently associated with poorer BP control in adjusted analysis, although blacks were as likely to attend post-discharge visits, and more likely to be on any antihypertensive therapy than whites. Greater difficulty in controlling BP and lifestyle differences may account for this difference.
Preserving the Supplier-OEM Relationship Under Price Pressure: An Abstract

Suppliers to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), very frequently, dislike price reduction pressure exerted on them by their OEMs. Yet, the practice of using price pressure on suppliers continues in numerous industries throughout the world. In spite of the popularity of adversarial price pressure in procurement, several OEMs have adopted more cooperative and less adversarial approaches driven by the belief that price pressure on suppliers will be detrimental to good working relationship. The competitive benefits of cooperation are attractive in the modern business world of fast moving supply chains and seamlessly integrated intercorporate links. At the same time, the cost-reduction capability of potentially antagonistic relations such as adversarial price reduction pressure on suppliers and the resulting competitive cost advantage to OEMs cannot be ignored. This study seeks to find out whether OEM demands for price cuts necessarily result in poor supplier-customer relationship and whether good supplier-OEM relationship can be preserved while the OEM is making price reduction demands on its supplier. A research framework consisting of a construct representing overall supplier-OEM relationship, a set of relationship constructs, and a construct representing OEM price reduction pressure is developed. After following a rigorous scale development procedure, data are collected from suppliers in the automobile light vehicle industry and in the oil-refining equipment and related services industry. The results of structural equation analysis and the application of other confirmatory factor analytic techniques indicate that the absence of OEM price reduction pressure is not a necessary condition for good supplier-OEM relationship. Good supplier-OEM relationship can be preserved if OEM price reduction pressure is accompanied by suitable and supportive managerial actions. The relationships among the constructs in the structural equation models display notable similarities as well as differences.
Electrical Stimulation of Fabric Filtration Part III. Effects of Electrode Current

With zero airflow, the currents passing between parallel wires in contact with a fabric appear to be the sum of corona currents and of non-ohmic conduction currents. The origins of the latter are not clear. Wheo an aerosol is flowing, electrode currents increase with increasing air velocity. Part of this effect seems due to charges carried on the aerosol particles, and part may be due to distortion of the ion cloud by the moving air stream.Pressure-drop reduction by external electric fields generated with wire electrodes occurs in two ranges: below corona voltages there is a small dependence on applied field, while above that voltage the dependence is much steeper. It is assumed that the latter case is the result of heavier particle-charging by the ion cloud. It seems, therefore, that corona-charging of the aerosol can play an important role in reducing pressure drop by ESFF. However, another mechanism appears to operate—one which becomes apparent if fabrics with different degrees of packing density are c...
Data Analytics and STEM Student Success: The Impact of Predictive Analytics-Informed Academic Advising Among Undeclared First-Year Engineering Students:

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics student success is an important topic in higher education research. Recently, the use of data analytics in higher education administration has gain...
A Content-Incentive-Usability Framework for Corporate Portal Design

The knowledge based theory of the firm argues that firms obtain competitive advantage by creating, storing and applying knowledge (Jayatilaka, Schwarz, & Hirschheim, 2003). According to Grant and Baden-Fuller (1995), a firm’s ability to leverage knowledge held by members in the organization is dependent on first, the ability of the firm to create an infrastructure to access this knowledge, transfer it and make it available to others. A second determinant is the extent to which the knowledge that is captured matches with the product domain of the firm. Enterprise Information Portals have emerged as gateways to streamline information access in firms (Kim, Chaudhury, & Rao, 2002). The first service they provide is access to transactions with the various information sources scattered across the enterprise, such as structured databases, e-mail servers and document repositories. A second service is access to data and knowledge from both internal and external information sources, such as the World Wide Web (WWW). Finally, these portals allow users to interact with other users to perform activities that require team collaborations. The discussion above indicates that a knowledge portal (KP) is a significant component of an enterprise information portal, and can contribute to a firm’s competitive advantage. In this work, we present a multidimensional framework we term the content-incentive-usability (CIU) framework for KPs to analyze the challenges in building and utilizing KPs. the cIu frAmeWorK
Evaluating the Proportional Hazards Assumption

We begin with a brief review of the characteristics of the Cox proportional hazards (PH) model. We then give an overview of three methods for checking the PH assumption: graphical, goodness-of-fit (GOF), and time-dependent variable approaches.
Let’s Be Careful Out There: Reply to Commentaries

My overall reaction to the foregoing commentaries is that they make clear the need for an elaboration and clarification of various aspects of my argument.
Mapping saguaro cacti using digital aerial imagery in Saguaro National Park

Population research on the saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea) has historically been limited to repeat monitoring efforts in small plots with areas of 1 to 4 hectares. Large extent saguaro censuses of areas >2.59 km2 have not been undertaken. This research developed an automated shadow detection method for mapping mature saguaros in digital aerial imagery using saguaro shadows as proxies for saguaro locations. The shadow method detected 446,092 saguaro shadows in aerial imagery of 231 km2 of the Saguaro National Park (SNP) near Tucson, Arizona. The results were validated against saguaro location data in 11 small plots provided by SNP staff. The shadow method correctly identified 58% of mature saguaros in these 11 plots. Twenty-one percent of the saguaros in the plots did not produce a shadow signature in the imagery. Fieldwork was conducted in two plot locations to investigate reasons why these mature saguaros failed to produce shadow signatures in the aerial imagery, which showed that vegetation interference, rocky slopes, and shadow alignments were the primary factors that precluded shadow signatures from appearing in the imagery. This research provides a methodology for automated large-area saguaro mapping, which will be useful in long-term population monitoring and saguaro ecology research.
169. Retinoic acid down regulates sFlt1 in decidual stromal cells independent of decidualization. Implications to preeclampsia

Introduction Retinoic acid (RA) plays a vital role during pre- and early pregnancy stages at the maternal-fetal interface (decidua). We recently showed that RA levels are reduced in the decidua of women with preeclampsia (PE). This finding, combined with the knowledge that PE decidual stromal cells (DSC) secrete elevated levels of the anti-angiogenic factor sFlt1 and that the promoter of this protein has a putative RA binding site, suggests the possibility that RA plays a direct role in regulating sFlt1 expression in DSC. This study was to determine the effects of RA on sFlt1 production in DSC. The relationship of these effects to DSC decidualization, known to be defective in PE, was also investigated. Methods Primary DSCs (n = 6 in each group, normotensive (NT) and PE) were treated with 0.1 μ M of RA, 1 μ M BMS493 (pan RA antagonist) or 0.5 mM cAMP (to induce decidualization) for 12 days. sFLT1 and PRL levels were determined by using both qPCR and ELISA. Group means were analyzed by Mann–Whitney U test. p ⩽ 0.05 is considered significant. Results RA treatment of NT-DSCs and PE-DSCs inhibited sFlt1 production to 44 ± 24% and 24 ± 13% of controls but did not affect DSC decidualization as quantified by prolactin (PRL) secretion. Independent of RA, cAMP-mediated decidualization reduced sFlt1 and increased PRL levels in NT-DSC but only moderately in PE-DSC. BMS493 blocked the effects of RA and, by itself, induced upregulation of sFlt1. Studies using decidualization defective stromal cells confirmed that reduction of sFlt1 by RA is independent of decidualization. Conclusion RA downregulates sFlt1 production in DSCs independent of decidualization. PE-DSCs are significantly more responsive to sFlt1 inhibition by RA than are NT-DSC. Our finding of reduced RA levels in PE decidua, combined with studies by us and others that PE women show defective decidualization, may help explain elevated sFlt1 expression in maternal PE decidua.
Chapter 31 - Blood, Blood Components, Plasma, and Plasma Products

This review of the 2015 publications on important side effects of blood, blood components, plasma, and plasma products covers albumin, blood transfusion (erythrocytes, granulocytes, and platelets), blood substitutes (hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers), plasma products (alpha1-antitrypsin, C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate, cryoprecipitate, and fresh frozen plasma), plasma substitutes (dextrans, etherified starches, and gelatin), globulins (intravenous immunoglobulin, subcutaneous immunoglobulin, and anti-D immunoglobulin), coagulation proteins (factor I, factor II, factor VIIa, factor VIII, factor IX, prothrombin complex concentrate, and von Willebrand factor/factor VIII concentrates), erythropoietin and derivatives, thrombopoietin and receptor agonists, transmission of infectious agents through blood donation, and stem cells. This chapter includes blood products for which hemovigilance is in force and allows the reader to stay up to date on newly recognized and published data in the blood product arena. Since blood and plasma products are available through blood donation, prevention of transmitted infections is of extreme importance and is also discussed here.
Michelle E. Deming: commentary on Gender-Based violence and trauma in marginalized populations of women: Role of biological embedding and toxic stress

Authors that address gender based violence (GBV) using interdisciplinary frameworks integrating multiple perspectives are fraught with challenges. Sabri and Granger (2018) show that integrating the...
Documenting the Undocumented: Latino/a Narratives and Social Justice in the Era of Operation Gatekeeper by Marta Caminero-Santangelo

Caminero-Santangelo, Marta. Documenting the Undocumented: Latino/a Narratives and Social Justice in the Era of Operation Gatekeeper . Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2017.
Os direitos do outro sob uma óptica pós-colonial de interculturalidade

O paradigma eurocentrico dos direitos humanos apregoa o discurso da heterogeneidade cultural, sem todavia esvaziar-se das bases ideologicas de poder e dominacao. Dessa forma, o presente resumo rompe com a logica colonial hegemonica e excludente, e propoe uma dialetica etico-politica da interculturalidade, problematizando as dinâmicas das relacoes culturais de genero na atualidade. O objetivo do resumo caracteriza-se por propor a interculturalidade como resposta a uma perspectiva colonial ocidental de direitos humanos. Desse modo, instiga-se atraves da interculturalidade promover e impulsionar a diferenca nas estruturas coloniais de poder, edificando novas compreensoes, convivencias, colaboracoes e alteridade. Portanto, essa logica pos-colonial nao tolera, nem incorpora o diferente dentro dos limites de um padrao pre-estabelecido de individuo. A logica pos-colonial, nesse aspecto, vem criticar a visao multicultural de direitos humanos, a qual mantem e convive com a desigualdade social. Logo, atraves de um modo de raciocinio dedutivo, pesquisa qualitativa e bibliografica, o estudo propoe o dialogo intercultural que torne visivel a diferenca e problematize a colonialidade do poder. Por conseguinte, a interculturalidade oferece o outro como paradigma para possibilitar a compreensao do pensar a partir do outro. Nesse sentido, a interculturalidade ultrapassa o discurso representando uma logica, construida a partir da diferenca. Com efeito, a pesquisa busca instigar a luta por reconhecimento das mais variadas identidades sob a perspectiva de genero. Principalmente, diante das complexidades existentes nas relacoes sociais e das pluralidades de identidades, e necessario fomentar um dialogo que instigue o reconhecimento pelo outro, que proponha a alteridade e aceitacao, para que nao se torne apenas mais um discurso hegemonico reminiscente.
Crystalline changes in avian bone related to the reproductive cycle. II. Percent crystallinity changes.

This is an X-ray diffraction study of the changes in the proportional amounts of the amorphous and apatitic calcium phosphate phases in pigeon femur during the egg-laying cycle. The medullary portion of pigeon femur is completely resorbed in the reproductive cycle. In this process the portion of bone which is higher in amorphous calcium phosphate is resorbed before the crystal-rich portion. Thus, bone with a higher amorphous content is more metabolically active than more crystalline bone. Finally, medullary bone which can be produced in male pigeons by estrogen treatment was found by X-ray diffraction to resemble female medullary bone at the beginning of the reproductive cycle.