cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The global citizenship agenda and the generation of cosmopolitan capital in British higher education

AbstractCosmopolitanism has been cast by some in recent years as a form of cultural capital, disproportionately available to students on elite educational pathways. This article tests this supposition, by comparing the enactment of global citizenship education reforms at two high-status and two low-status universities in the United Kingdom. These enactments have indeed differed, as some students are being encouraged to cultivate a sophisticated cosmopolitan disposition for positions of leadership, while other students are not – even if they are being encouraged to learn more about the world, or to develop social tolerance. Comparing the practices and meanings attributed to the global citizenship agenda among universities in different positions in the higher education field, this article illuminates dynamics related to the creation, legitimation, and differentiation of cosmopolitan capital among different groups of students. The article also extends understanding of how the institutional hierarchy of highe...
LABORATORY EVALUATION OF THE TOXICITY AND REPELLENCY OF CORIANDER SEED TO FOUR SPECIES OF STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS

Seed and oil of Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) were evaluated for their contact toxicity to adults of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Lasioderma serricome (F.), and Tribol...
Solution and Solid State C-13 and N-15 NMR Studies of Visual Pigments and Related Systems: Rhodopsin and Bacteriorhodopsin1a

This paper constitutes a chronological review of C-13 and N-15 solution and solid state NMR investigations of bovine rhodopsin and the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium. Model retinylideneimines and their protonated species yielded rather informative variation in C-13 chemical shifts, as a function of structure and conformation, Retinals, specifically enriched with C-13 at key atom positions, were incorporated in rhodopsin and bacteriorhodopsin during the bleaching-regeneration process. The labeled pigments exhibited C-13 signals which were interpreted in terms of the state of protonation and conformation of the Schiff base linkage between the chromophore and opsin (15-anti in rhodopsin and light adapted bacteriorhodopsin) and chromophore-protein interactions. Peaks arising from both all-trans and 13-cis-retinylidene moieties were observed in dark adapted bacteriorhodopsin. Upon protonation, the Schiff base nitrogen of model compounds displayed dramatic (up to 146 ppm) high field N-15 shifts (an order of magnitude larger than C-13). Hydrogen bonding also led to important (up to 50 ppm) nitrogen shielding. H. halobium grown on a medium containing ɛ15N-lysine incorporated, with high yield, the labeled amino acid in all of the seven lysine sites of bacteriorhodopsin. Of these, one forms the shift could be observed only in lyophilized preparations. It appears that the degree of protonation of the Schiff base that the degree of protonation of the Schiff base linkage depends on the degree of hydation of the linkage depends on the degree of hydration of the specimen. Double labeling (13C=15N) is expected to provide valuable information concerning the structure and conformation of this moiety. The six lysine residues not involved in retinal binding yielded, in a micellar (octyl-β-glucoside) solution, N-15 signals of various linewidths, spread over a narrow (2–4 ppm) range. This could be interpreted in terms of lysine residue interactions within the protein. Preliminary results indicate the feasibility of in vivo measurements which avoid alterations inherent to extraction, purification, and/or lyophilization procedures.
The efficacy of fluoroscopy-guided epidural blood patch in the treatment of spontaneous and iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid leakage

To evaluate patient outcomes following fluoroscopy-guided epidural blood patch (FGEBP), factors affecting the outcome, and to identify the rate of fluoroscopy-guided lumbar punctures (FGLP) requiring FGEBP. All FGLPs and FGEBPs between January 2014 and May 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. Information regarding patient characteristics, details of previous dural puncture (DP), details of the FGEBP, and FGEBP outcome were recorded. The outcome was classified into three categories as “complete response”, “partial response”, and “no response”. Patients with “complete response” were compared to the combined group of “no response” and “partial response”, classified as “incomplete response”. Two-sample/Fisher’s exact (continued/categorical variables) tests were used (p 0.05). Despite approaching significance, no statistically significant difference was found regarding the presence of previous DP (p = 0.06). The efficacy of FGEBP is high in a group of patients referred to radiology for treatment of CSF leakage with complete response in 84.8% of patients. • Fluoroscopy-guided epidural blood patch completely resolved symptoms in 85% of post-dural puncture headaches. • The success approaches 95% when including the patients with partial resolution of symptoms. • Epidural blood patch rate is found 1.8% following 1703 fluoroscopy-guided lumbar punctures.
Updated risk models demonstrate low risk of symptomatic radionecrosis following stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases

Background Improvements in systemic therapy continue to increase survival for patients with brain metastases. Updated dosimetric models are required to optimize long-term safety of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for this indication. Methods Patients at a single institution receiving SRS from December 2011 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with radiographic progression of at least one lesion, and with at least 6 months of follow-up from the start of SRS were included. Grade 3 necrosis was defined as requiring surgical intervention. This data were combined with two additional published datasets to construct logistic models describing necrosis risk as a function of dose and volume. Results From our institution, 294 brain metastases across 57 patients in 139 treatment plans met inclusion criteria. Primary histologies included non-small cell lung cancer (n = 19), melanoma (n = 13), breast carcinoma (n = 9), renal cell carcinoma (n = 7), and other (n = 9). Median follow-up from SRS of first cranial metastasis was 21.7 months (range: 6.3-56.6) and median overall survival was 25.6 months (range: 6.5-56.6). There were eight cases of Grade 1-2 and two cases of Grade 3 necrosis. As a useful clinical reference point, 20 cc of total brain receiving a single-fraction equivalent dose ≥14 Gy corresponded to 12.1% risk for Grade 1-3 (P < 0.003) and 3.4% risk for Grade 3 necrosis (P < 0.001). Conclusions These results compare favorably with the QUANTEC brain tolerance estimates for radiosurgery, providing optimism for lower toxicity in the modern era. Additional studies are needed to determine dose tolerance parameters across a broad spectrum of patients.
Antenna Tolerance Theory

Abstract The design of an antenna calls for definite amplitudes and phases of the currents but when the antenna has been constructed and adjusted there will be departures from the design currents due to several causes. The customary procedure of taking radiation patterns and making the final adjustments semi-empirically has usually been satisfactory but two difficulties have been setting in with the trend towards large antennas of high gain. First, it is impossible to measure the radiation pattern of the largest existing antennas, even the determination of single sections through the pattern or the gain in one direction presenting difficulty. Secondly, the adjustments themselves are more laborious on larger antennas. It is therefore very desirable that the theory of antenna tolerances should be pursued so that the effect of departures can be taken into account, statistically or otherwise, during the design. The paper considers the effects of systematic and random errors on the radiation pattern of antennas representable by a field distribution over an aperture, such as paraboloidal reflectors and large arrays of small elements. In the case of paraboloids, the deterioration in directivity is found to depend on the mean square departure of the surface from the paraboloid of best weighted least-squares fit and on the two-dimensional auto-correlation function of the departure. The variation of directivity with wavelength of a particular paraboloid is deduced by leaving out of account those two-dimensional Fourier components of the departure with spatial periods less than a wavelength. Practical steps are considered for unifying testing, adjusting and design so as to lead to the greatest relaxation of the mechanical tolerances imposed on construction.
Puberty and resultant increased bone turnover as a possible etiology of an increased lead concentration in a pre-adolescent girl

Introduction: We present a case in which puberty likely resulted in an increased lead concentration in a pre-adolescent girl.Case report: A 12-year-old girl was referred to the pediatric environmen...
Genome Sequence Analysis of Enterobacter sp. C6, Found in the Pitcher Fluids of Sarracenia rosea.

ABSTRACT An unclassified Enterobacter strain was isolated from the pitcher fluids of a Sarracenia rosea pitcher plant growing at Splinter Hill Bog in Alabama. Its genome was sequenced using the Illumina platform. A genome assembly of 4,673,815 bp was obtained. In total, 4,646 protein-encoding sequences and 72 RNA genes are predicted from this assembly.
By Way of Thanks for Warm Recognition: Some Personal and Professional Reflections on the Field and Its Prospects for the Future

The author responds to the recent Child and Youth Care Forum Festschrift and the current special issue that were published in his honor, acknowledging the contributors, offering a few personal reminiscences, assessing the current status of the child and youth care field, and drawing implications for its continuing development.
Resolution of Pain and Predictors of Postoperative Opioid use after Bridge-Enhanced Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Purpose To compare postoperative pain scores and opioid use between patients undergoing a standard arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using hamstring autograft with those undergoing a suture repair augmented with an extracellular matrix scaffold (bridge-enhanced ACL repair) performed through an arthrotomy and to determine factors predictive of postoperative opioid use and levels of overprescription. Methods A nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted with 20 patients (10 ACLR, 10 bridge-enhanced ACL repair), aged 18 to 35 years. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon. A pain medication log was provided to patients on discharge. No regional anesthesia was performed. Pain scores via a visual analog pain scale were recorded at each visit. Correlations between preoperative and intraoperative characteristics and postoperative opioid use were determined. Results The total morphine-equivalent dose ranged from 30 to 309 mg (4-42 pills oxycodone) for the ACLR group and 75 to 254 mg (10-34 pills oxycodone) for the bridge-enhanced ACL repair group. The average opioid use per day was 35.8 mg for the patients undergoing bridge-enhanced ACL repair and 44.2 mg for patients undergoing ACLR (P = .29). Pain scores at time points up to 2 years postoperatively were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Across both groups, the average oversupply of oxycodone was 46 pills per patient, a greater than 70% unused opiate rate. Preoperative body mass index and preoperative Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores pain score were predictive of greater postoperative opioid use per day, whereas age, concurrent meniscal repair, and operative time were not. Conclusions Total overall opiate intake was not different between the patients undergoing bridge-enhanced ACL repair through an arthrotomy and those undergoing arthroscopic ACLR. Both groups had similar pain scores from 2 weeks to 2 years postoperatively. Greater body mass index and greater preoperative pain (lower Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores pain score) correlated with greater postoperative opioid use per day. There was an overprescription of opioids across all patients. Level of Evidence Level III, case control study (therapeutic).
Focused sonographic examination of Diaphragm, Ultrasound lung, DVT screen and Heart scan (ECHO) in unselected patients getting admitted in pulmonary medicine ward - The DUDE study

Introduction: Ultrasound has become a valuable bedside diagnostic tool, however its utility in evaluation of dyspnea in general ward is not known. The aim of present study is to evaluate the same. Methodology: Prospective,observational study with purposive sampling of consecutive patients admitted in the Pulmonology ward within 8 hours of admission. Focused sonography according to predefined protocol was done and findings recorded. Sonography was performed in patient’s bedside by Pulmonology resident trained in routine use of sonography for 2yrs. Any change in management following ultrasound which may include further investigation or consultation from other department or change in treatment is considered positive result. Results: Total of 60 consecutive patients were screened and enrolled in the study, 37 males and 23 females. Average age of patients was 50yrs. Lung ultrasound detected new findings in 14 (23%) patients and resulted in change in management of 3(5%) patients. Diaphragm USG detected abnormality in 23(38%) patients and resulted in change in management in 5(8%) patients. ECHO found abnormality in 11(18%) patients and resulted in change in management in 7(11) patients. DVT screen was positive in 1 patient and did result in change in management in the same patient. Conclusion: Bedside ultrasonography performed by a non-radiology resident can pick up new findings missed by clinical examinations. This may result in better patient care and outcomes. Hence wherever feasible focused ultrasound should be used in routine patient management even in general medical ward settings.
Ultrasound as a Biomarker in Rheumatic Diseases.

Rheumatic diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders which often affect the musculoskeletal system. Given the lack of definitive testing, there are limited diagnostic tools at clinicians’ disposal. Over the recent decades, ultrasonography has gained widespread use within rheumatology due to its accessibility, safety, and relatively low cost. This review describes the clinical utility of ultrasound as a biomarker in the diagnosis and management of several rheumatic diseases.
Ugly American Hermeneutics

This article is part of a Symposium that provides a forum for comparing legal hermeneutics as articulated by four scholars from the United States and four scholars from Brazil. The article embraces this cross-cultural event by asking whether American legal hermeneutics is “ugly” and is practiced by “ugly Americans.” The pejorative cast of this terminology is obvious and intentional, but it is also ambiguous and multi-layered. The Essay unfolds various dimensions of ugly American hermeneutics and suggests that ugly though they may be -American scholars still can make some important contributions to the worldwide conversation regarding legal hermeneutics. It is their plain-faced pragmatism, perhaps, that is the source of our contribution even as it casts them (sometimes unfairly) as the ugly Americans. The Article discusses the political spectacle of appointment of new Supreme Court Justices, and the reductive efforts of some Justices to reduce judgment to simplistic history by means of the theory of “new originalism.”
Adult Female With Abdominal Distention.

Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a rare diagnosis that can be challenging to make as its symptoms, which include abdominal distention, nausea, and persistent vomiting, often overlap with many other acute abdominal pathologies. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) can help the clinician identify gastric outlet obstruction in patients who present to the emergency department (ED). Sonographic identifiers include a markedly dilated stomach that is filled with both hyper- and hypoechoic contents and may extend into the lower abdomen in the pelvic views.
If Virchow and Ehrlich Had Dreamt Together: What the Future Holds for KRAS -Mutant Lung Cancer.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) mutations has notoriously challenged oncologists and researchers for three notable reasons: (1) the historical assumption that KRAS is "undruggable", (2) the disease heterogeneity and (3) the shaping of the tumor microenvironment by KRAS downstream effector functions. Better insights into KRAS structural biochemistry allowed researchers to develop direct KRAS(G12C) inhibitors, which have shown early signs of clinical activity in NSCLC patients and have recently led to an FDA breakthrough designation for AMG-510. Following the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors for PDL1-positive NSCLC, this could fuel yet another major paradigm shift in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. Here, we review advances in our understanding of the biology of direct KRAS inhibition and project future opportunities and challenges of dual KRAS and immune checkpoint inhibition. This strategy is supported by preclinical models which show that KRAS(G12C) inhibitors can turn some immunologically "cold" tumors into "hot" ones and therefore could benefit patients whose tumors harbor subtype-defining STK11/LKB1 co-mutations. Forty years after the discovery of KRAS as a transforming oncogene, we are on the verge of approval of the first KRAS-targeted drug combinations, thus therapeutically unifying Paul Ehrlich's century-old "magic bullet" vision with Rudolf Virchow's cancer inflammation theory.
Retirement Planning Recommendations from a Systematic Analysis of Financial Planning Journals

This meta-analysis reviews research-informed retirement planning recommendations for consumers and/or financial planners published in selected peer-reviewed academic journals since the passage of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) in 1967. The purpose is to provide an overview of how retirement planning recommendations evolve as retirement policies, social norms, and consumer financial knowledge develops. By print launch date, the selected journals are as follows: Journal of Financial Service Professionals, Journal of Financial Planning, Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, Financial Services Review, Journal of Personal Finance, and Journal of Financial Therapy. These articles were searched in ProQuest using a rubric and then categorized by CFP Board Topic Area. In all, more than 1,300 articles were identified through ProQuest that met the search criteria as an article containing the word “retirement” in the title, abstract, or list of key words. In total, 188 articles were retained as containing research-informed retirement planning recommendations. The majority of articles were categorized as focusing on the CFP Board Topic Area, “Retirement Income and Distribution Strategies.” The Topic Area, “Social Security and Medicare” had the fewest articles. Each of the articles was reviewed and recommendations for financial planners and educators were extracted resulting in a comprehensive list of evidence-based retirement planning recommendations. Results of this systematic analysis include an identification of gaps in research focused on retirement planning recommendations.
Cultural Health Beliefs and Practices Among Hispanic Parents.

Parents’ beliefs about and approaches to their child’s health vary with culture and change within cultures over time. To provide an updated understanding of folk and traditional medicine (FTM) amon...
Real Estate Capitalization Rate Interpretations through the Cycle

Both the numerator and denominator of real estate capitalization rates may experience different degrees of movement as markets evolve from one phase of the cycle to another. Capitalization rate interpretations become especially difficult surrounding these turning points. The issue takes two forms. First, periods of market transformation create confusion about what cap rate to apply. Opportunities may occur at turning points to introduce substantially different numerator estimates, which results in multiple capitalization rates for the same property and thus compromises the decision rules of modern investment theory. Second, simultaneous changes in its components (i.e., riskfree rate, risk premium and expected growth rate of income) cause capitalization rates to change, sometimes in unpredictable ways. Tracking the directional pattern of capitalization rates requires an understanding of how and why the components change. This article addresses both forms of the issue.
Collagen‐Induced Arthritis and Pregnancy in Mice: The Effects of Pregnancy on Collagen‐Induced Arthritis and the High Incidence of Infertility in Arthritic Female Mice

: Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice is a model of inflammatory polyarthritis that has many features similar to human rheumatoid arthritis. In rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy leads to amelioration of the disease while exacerbation develops after delivery. We used the CIA model to elucidate the role of pregnancy on disease and vice versa. The onset of arthritis in pregnant mice was delayed in the B10.RIII strains immunized with native porcine type II collagen 7–12 days prior to syngeneic [B10.RIII (susceptible to CIA) × B10.RIII] and allogeneic (B10.RIII female × B10.K male that are CIA resistant) pregnancy. In contrast, when mice were immunized on days 1–6 of pregnancy, the onset of arthritis was earlier as compared with controls. In addition, once the mice developed CIA after delivery, the disease showed markedly rapid progression as compared to the control immunized group. Humoral immune responses to type II collagen showed significantly decreased levels on day 14 (at late stage of pregnancy) both in syngeneic and allogeneic postmating immunized pregnant mice. The same effect was also seen in allogeneic premating immunized pregnant mice on day 21 (at mid-stage of pregnancy). The levels of these antibodies increased after delivery. Subclasses of IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies to type II collagen were suppressed during pregnancy. In the pseudopregnant group, these antibodies showed decreased levels on day 14, but did not differ from the control groups on day 21 and 28. Some immunoregulatory changes may play a role in these alterations in pregnant arthritic mice. In comparison to the effects of syngeneic (susceptible × susceptible) pregnancy on CIA, allogeneic (susceptible female × resistant male) pregnancy seemed to be beneficial for the affected individuals. Litter size and mean birth weight were not affected by immunization of type II collagen. After onset of CIA, both syngeneic and allogeneic matings failed to produce offspring in arthritic female mice. The estrus cyclicity was highly disturbed in arthritic female mice and gonadotropin stimulation in arthritic mice induced significantly less ova in oviducts and maturing follicles as compared to nonarthritic controls. Immunological factors yet to be elucidated may be involved in this ovarian dysfunction.
VIRGINIA FARMERS' SOIL CONSERVATION DECISIONS: AN APPLICATION OF TOBIT ANALYSIS

tergenerational considerations, and income Using data from a survey of farm operators (Ervin and Ervin; Nowak and Korsching; Lee in two Virginia counties, the authors analyze and Stewart; Forster and Stem). farmers' soil conservation decisions. Results Several issues have not been adequately indicate that financial factors, including in- treated in previous studies. The first is the apcome and debt, are the most important in- propriate model of farmers' conservation befluences on the sample farmers' use of conser- havior. In their conceptual model of the convation practices. Additional factors such as servation decision-making process, Ervin and perception of erosion, education level, off-farm Ervin recognize three components: the peremployment, and tenancy also influence con- ception of an erosion problem, the decision to servation expenditures. Factors influencing adopt conservation practices, and the amount conservation tillage acreage differ from those of soil conservation effort. Previous researchinfluencing expenditures for other conserva- ers have analyzed only one of the three comtion practices. In particular, age and race of ponents or have analyzed the components the operator and on-farm erosion potential are separately. significantly related to the use of conservation A second issue is the consideration of contillage but not other practices. These results servation tillage versus other conservation are discussed in terms of their implications for practices. Previous studies have combined conservation programs.
Tetrakis(pyridine)copper(I) Perchlorate

[21465-66-7] C20H20ClCuN4O4 (MW 479.44) InChI = 1S/4C5H5N.ClHO4.Cu/c4*1-2-4-6-5-3-1;2-1(3,4)5;/h4*1-5H;(H,2,3,4,5);/q;;;;;+1/p-1 InChIKey = KQHBLDZKAQKOOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M (catalyst for the decomposition of diazonium salts) Physical Data: light yellow crystals;2, 7 d 1.47 g cm−3;7 IR ν 1085 (ClO4−), 616 (py) cm−1.2, 8 Solubility: sol pyridine, MeCN. Form Supplied in: prepared as needed. Analysis of Reagent Purity: iodometric determination of Cu.2 Preparative Methods: conveniently prepared from the tetrakis(acetonitrile) complex1 by reaction with Pyridine in a 1∶4 molar ratio under nitrogen.2 Purification: drying in vacuo at rt. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: irritant; moisture sensitive; handle under inert atmosphere. Occasional mild explosions have been reported with dry organic perchlorate salts.9 Use in a fume hood.
Intragenic activating and repressing elements control transcription from the adenovirus IVa2 initiator.

Abstract The downstream stimulatory segment of the adenovirus type 2 IVa promoter includes a TA-rich sequence that binds recombinant TATA-binding proteins (TBP) in vitro. We now demonstrate that when placed upstream of the IVa2, initiator, this TA-rich sequence operated as a TATA element but exhibited significantly lower transcriptional and TBP-binding activities than did the TATA box of the adenovirus major late (ML) promoter. In sharp contrast, changing the IVa2 TA-rich sequence in its natural, intragenic context to the ML TATA sequence increased the activity of the IVa2 promoter only slightly. In view of this discrepancy, we examined the effects of single, double, and clustered point mutations in the downstream sequence on the activity of a minimal IVa2 promoter. Mutations between positions +21 and +29 inhibited IVa2 transcription, in some cases to the very low level directed by the IVa2 initiator alone. By contrast, substitutions within the TA-rich sequence increased the efficiency of IVa2 transcription. These results indicated that the downstream, TA-rich sequence does not function as an intragenic TFIID-binding site but rather is included within a negative regulatory element. Electrophoretic mobility shift and methylation interference assays using wild-type and mutated, intragenic promoter sequences identified a HeLa cell component whose binding to the sequence +11 to +27 correlated with repression of IVa2 transcription, suggesting that a negative regulatory element is superimposed upon the intragenic sequence required for efficient transcription from the IVa2 initiator.
Keys to Successful Motor Skill Performance

(1981). Keys to Successful Motor Skill Performance. Journal of Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 49-50.
Pediatric pain control and conscious sedation: a survey of emergency medicine residencies.

Objective: To determine the availability and relative use of pediatric analgesia and sedation at sites of U.S. emergency medicine residency training programs. Methods: A mail/telephone survey of residency directors at 80 U.S. emergency medicine residencies regarding resident experience with pediatric analgesia and sedation for painful procedures conducted during November 1991. Results: Sixty of 80 surveys (75%) were completed and available for analysis. Emergency medicine faculty supervised conscious sedation and analgesia in 87% of responding programs, while pediatrics faculty and pediatrics-emergency medicine fellows supervised in the remainder. Ninety-three percent of the programs had sedating agents available in the emergency department; only four programs needed to have drugs brought from the pharmacy. Thirty-four programs (57%) had formal protocols for the administration of these drugs. Seventy-seven percent of the programs had airway resuscitation equipment at the bedside, while only 63% brought resuscitation drugs. However, 60% of the programs reported complications of sedation, including respiratory depression, prolonged sedation, agitation, and vomiting. The most commonly used agents were midazolam (82%), meperidine alone (68%) and with promethazine and chlorpromazine (67%), and chloral hydrate (67%). Only 25% of the programs used nitrous oxide, and 30% used ketamine. Conclusions: Emergency medicine residencies generally have available agents for pain control and conscious sedation in children, although the agents used vary widely. Appropriate instruction by trained faculty should enhance resident experience with pediatric pain control and sedation.
Impact of lymphocyte and monocyte recovery on the outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic SCT with fludarabine and melphalan conditioning.

We have recently shown that lymphocyte and monocyte recovery by day +100 are associated with survival post myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic transplant for acute leukemia. We hypothesized that lymphocyte and monocyte recovery would have a similar impact on survival in the reduced intensity setting. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed clinical data from 118 consecutive fludarabine/melphalan-conditioned patients by correlating peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte counts and monocyte counts (ALC and AMC, respectively) at days +15, +30, +60 and +100 with the outcomes. Multivariate analysis revealed that day +100 AMC (risk ratio (RR) 0.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07–0.73, P=0.01) and mild chronic GVHD (RR 0.09, 95% CI 0.005–0.43, P=0.008) were independently associated with survival. To explore whether the patterns of lymphocyte and monocyte recovery had a prognostic value, we performed unsupervised hierarchical clustering on the studied hematopoietic parameters and identified three patient clusters, A–C. Patient clusters A and B both had improved OS compared with cluster C (77.8 months vs not reached vs 22.3 months, respectively, P 300. Both severe acute GVHD and relapse occurred more frequently in cluster C. Our data suggest that patients with low AMC by day +100 post fludarabine/melphalan-conditioned allogeneic hematopoietic SCT may be at risk for poor outcomes.
Kinetics of bacterial bioluminescence and the fluorescent transient.

The addition of FMNH(2), to Vibrio harveyi luciferase at 2°C in the presence of tetradecanal results in the formation of a highly fluorescent transient species with a spectral distribution indistinguishable from that of the bioluminescence. The bioluminescence reaches maximum intensity in 1.5 s and decays in a complex manner with exponential components of 10(-1) s(-1) , 7 x 10(-3)S(-1). and 7 x10(4)s(-1). The fluorescent transient rises exponentially at 7 x 10(-2)s(-1) and decays at 3 x 10 (4)s(-1) . The slowest bioluminescence component. comprising the bulk of the bioluminescence. decays at twice the rate of the fluorescent transient under all variations of reaction conditions: concentration of reactants.temperature 2 - 20°C. and aldehyde chain length - decana1, dodecanal and tetradecanal. The activation energy for both the slowest bioluminescence decay and the transient fluorescence decay is 80 kJ-mol(-1). An energy transfer scheme is proposed to explain the results where two distinct chemically energized species utilize the fluorescent transient as emitter for the slower bioluminescences, and for the faster process a fluorophore present in the protein preparation. Kinetic observations suggest that typical preparations of V. harveyi luciferase comprise 15% active protein.
Principals' Views of Combination Classes

Abstract In this interview study, principals' (N = 36) views about combination classes were examined. In combination classes—adopted as an organizational structure because of inadequate grade-level enrollments—teachers instruct students from 2 or more grades for most or all of the school day (e.g., Grades K-1, 1–2–3, 3–4). These classes are often touted as encouraging developmental practices typically found in non-graded classes and as an organizational structure formed because of such pedagogical interests as teaming, individualized instruction, and continuous progress curriculum. The results showed that the principals generally prefer single grades rather than combination classes; that they view “combinations” as leading to diminished curriculum and parent and teacher concerns; and that to ameliorate these constraints, they assign “effective” and experienced teachers as well as high-ability and independent students to these classes. The principals reported that (a) combination teachers use a mixed group...
Protein pharmacophore selection using hydration-site analysis

Virtual screening using pharmacophore models is an efficient method to identify potential lead compounds for target proteins. Pharmacophore models based on protein structures are advantageous because a priori knowledge of active ligands is not required and the models are not biased by the chemical space of previously identified actives. However, in order to capture most potential interactions between all potentially binding ligands and the protein, the size of the pharmacophore model, i.e. number of pharmacophore elements, is typically quite large and therefore reduces the efficiency of pharmacophore based screening. We have developed a new method to select important pharmacophore elements using hydration-site information. The basic premise is that ligand functional groups that replace water molecules in the apo protein contribute strongly to the overall binding affinity of the ligand, due to the additional free energy gained from releasing the water molecule into the bulk solvent. We computed the free energy of water released from the binding site for each hydration site using thermodynamic analysis of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Pharmacophores which are co-localized with hydration sites with estimated favorable contributions to the free energy of binding are selected to generate a reduced pharmacophore model. We constructed reduced pharmacophore models for three protein systems and demonstrated good enrichment quality combined with high efficiency. The reduction in pharmacophore model size reduces the required screening time by a factor of 200–500 compared to using all protein pharmacophore elements. We also describe a training process using a small set of known actives to reliably select the optimal set of criteria for pharmacophore selection for each protein system.
A Computer-based, Interactive, Multimedia Software System for Teaching and Independent Student Learning of Liquid Chromatography

This paper describes the design and development of an interactive, simulation-based education software system for the exploration of key concepts in liquid chromatography. Evaluation results of student use of the software will be presented.
What have we learned from 15 years of supporting the development of innovative teaching technology

In those disciplines, departments, and institutions that have been investing significantly in technology, there is growing evidence that this is now paying off in the form of better retention of underrepresented groups of students and better student learning. Investment in education technology across disciplines and institutions is uneven. In no single discipline has a majority of the national faculty begun to use teaching methods that rely strongly on education technology. Economics is clearly laggard when compared to disciplines in the physical sciences, engineering, and mathematics, yet on the innovation frontier, there are highly promising technologies that have been created and are being tested. Assessment is receiving growing attention, and there is high promise of large advances.
The Halogen Molecules and Their Spectra. J − J -Like Coupling. Molecular Ionization Potentials

The relations between molecular and atomic ionization potentials are discussed, and rules are formulated, differing for non-bonding, bonding, and anti-bonding electrons. Comparisons are made between ionization potential values predicted by these rules and observed values for ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$, CO, ${\mathrm{X}}_{2}$, HX (X = halogen). Rather good agreement is found. Electron configurations of these molecules and ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ are discussed. The low-energy states of the halogen ions ${\mathrm{X}}_{2}^{+}$ and ${(\mathrm{XY})}^{+}$ are discussed, and some of their properties are predicted. With this as a background, low-energy excited states of ${\mathrm{X}}_{2}$ and XY are discussed. Many new low-energy states are predicted (Tables III and IV), some giving halogen atoms both in unexcited electron configurations on dissociation, others giving one atom with an excited electron. The foregoing predictions are used to give a reasonable interpretation of the observed absorption spectra of the XY and ${\mathrm{X}}_{2}$ molecules, extending into the vacuum ultraviolet. Suggestions are also made for interpreting observed fluorescence and emission spectra. The $D$ level of ${\mathrm{I}}_{2}$ is shown to be probably analogous to the $1s\ensuremath{\sigma}2p\ensuremath{\sigma}$, ${^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}}_{u}$ state of ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$, with a wave function corresponding to ${\mathrm{I}}^{\ensuremath{-}}({\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{4}){\mathrm{I}}^{+}({\ensuremath{\pi}}^{4})$. The vacuum ultraviolet bands of XY abserved by Cordes and Sponer in the regions mainly $\ensuremath{\lambda}\ensuremath{\lambda}1600\ensuremath{-}1950$ are of particular interest. The interpretation of an observed interval in these bands leads to the conclusion that the upper levels are in each case of the type $[{\mathrm{X}}^{+}\mathrm{Y}, ^{2}\ensuremath{\Pi}_{1\frac{1}{2}}]{\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}}$ and $[{\mathrm{X}}^{+}\mathrm{Y}, ^{2}\ensuremath{\Pi}_{\frac{1}{2}}]{\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}}$, with $\ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{-}s$ ($J\ensuremath{-}J$-like) coupling between the ${\mathrm{X}}^{+}$Y core and the ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}}$ excited electron. Nearly $\ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{-}s$ coupling is also present, according to the multiplet intervals, in the upper levels of the visible and infrared ${\mathrm{I}}_{2}$, ${\mathrm{Br}}_{2}$, ICl and IBr absorption bands. The possibility is discussed that part of the intensity in the continua associated with these bands belongs to an expected $^{1}\ensuremath{\Pi}\ensuremath{\leftarrow}^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}$ transition.
High-resolution Q-branch spectra of the ν2 + ν7 bands of C3O2 in the 12 u̧m region

Abstract Tunable diode laser spectra are obtained of several Q branches in the ν2 + ν7 sum bands of 12C316O2 at 820–850 cm−1. Molecular constants are determined for the ground-state transition at 819.69 cm−1 and for the first two hot bands, which are shifted to higher frequency. The l-doubling constant in the ν 7 1 state was found to be 4.16 ± 0.06 × 10−4 cm−1, and that in the ν 2 + ν 7 1 state 2.96 ± 0.04 × 10−4 cm−1.
Rice- and butterfly-wing effect inspired self-cleaning and low drag micro/nanopatterned surfaces in water, oil, and air flow

In search of new solutions to complex challenges, researchers are turning to living nature for inspiration. For example, special surface characteristics of rice leaves and butterfly wings combine the shark skin (anisotropic flow leading to low drag) and lotus leaf (superhydrophobic and self-cleaning) effects, producing the so-called rice and butterfly wing effect. In this paper, we study four microstructured surfaces inspired by rice leaves and fabricated with photolithography techniques. We also present a method of creating such surfaces using a hot embossing procedure for scaled-up manufacturing. Fluid drag, self-cleaning, contact angle, and contact angle hysteresis data are presented to understand the role of sample geometrical dimensions. Conceptual modeling provides design guidance when developing novel low drag, self-cleaning, and potentially antifouling surfaces for medical, marine, and industrial applications.
Efficacy of tulathromycin for treatment of cattle with acute ocular Moraxella bovis infections.

Objective—To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a single injection of tulathromycin, compared with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution-treated control calves, for treatment of induced infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis in calves. Design—Clinical trial. Animals—30 Holstein bull calves ranging from 5 to 6 months old and 75 to 200 kg (165 to 440 lb) with no history of Moraxella bovis infections, no history of M bovis vaccination, and negative results for M bovis on 3 consecutive ocular bacterial cultures. Procedures—Both eyes of each calf were infected with 1 X 1010 colony-forming units of piliated M bovis for 3 consecutive days prior to the trial. On day 0, ocular lesion scores were determined for each calf and the calves were weighed and assigned to a treatment (2.5 mg/kg [1.14 mg/lb] of body weight, SC) or control group according to a stratified random allocation based on weight and lesion score. Eyes were stained with fluorescein and photographed daily to record healing. Eyes were evaluated bacteriologically ...
A tutorial discussion on measurements of rotational temperature in inductively coupled plasmas

Abstract The intensities in the rotational fine structure of electronic bands such as B2Σ+u → X2Σ+g of N+2, A2Σ+ → X2Πi, of OH and B3Σu− → X3Σ−g of O2 are often used for measurements of rotational temperature prevailing in plasma sources such as the inductively coupled plasmas (ICP) and microwave induced plasmas (MIP). Certain misconceptions (such as the incorrect use of Hund's rule, the use of transition probability in conjuction with the equation for line strength, and the incorrect assignment of rotational lines) in the calculations of rotational temperatures have led to erroneous results. The main point of this paper is to emphasize that the interpretation of the rotational intensity distribution depends on both the angular momentum coupling and on the resolution of the instrument used. In this report, the introductory theory of rotational temperature measurement is reviewed and examples of correct and incorrect calculations are cited for ICP and MIP discharges sustained in argon, helium, argon-nitrogen, argon-oxygen and argon-air.
Some Measures of the Interaction Between Language, Domain and Semantic Dimension in Bilinguals*

The results seem to indicate that linguistically based differences in bilingual repertoires do have interpretable correlates for the naive listener. These findings are in accord with others in the literature as reported earlier in this paper. Most interesting, however, is the fact that subjects were able to perceive different repertoire ranges. These are the first findings to provide experime tal verification of the communicative function of differential repertoire ranges in speech. Further, they suggest that in previous studies which have utilized the semantic
The ketogenic diet and hyperbaric oxygen therapy prolong survival in mice with systemic metastatic cancer.

Introduction Abnormal cancer metabolism creates a glycolytic-dependency which can be exploited by lowering glucose availability to the tumor. The ketogenic diet (KD) is a low carbohydrate, high fat diet which decreases blood glucose and elevates blood ketones and has been shown to slow cancer progression in animals and humans. Abnormal tumor vasculature creates hypoxic pockets which promote cancer progression and further increase the glycolytic-dependency of cancers. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO2T) saturates tumors with oxygen, reversing the cancer promoting effects of tumor hypoxia. Since these non-toxic therapies exploit overlapping metabolic deficiencies of cancer, we tested their combined effects on cancer progression in a natural model of metastatic disease. Methods We used the firefly luciferase-tagged VM-M3 mouse model of metastatic cancer to compare tumor progression and survival in mice fed standard or KD ad libitum with or without HBO2T (2.5 ATM absolute, 90 min, 3x/week). Tumor growth was monitored by in vivo bioluminescent imaging. Results KD alone significantly decreased blood glucose, slowed tumor growth, and increased mean survival time by 56.7% in mice with systemic metastatic cancer. While HBO2T alone did not influence cancer progression, combining the KD with HBO2T elicited a significant decrease in blood glucose, tumor growth rate, and 77.9% increase in mean survival time compared to controls. Conclusions KD and HBO2T produce significant anti-cancer effects when combined in a natural model of systemic metastatic cancer. Our evidence suggests that these therapies should be further investigated as potential non-toxic treatments or adjuvant therapies to standard care for patients with systemic metastatic disease.
There appears to be no added benefit to repeating of the discriminative stimulus when teaching intraverbal responses to children with autism

This review provides a summary and appraisal commentary on the treatment review by Humphreys, T., Polick, A. S., Howk, L. L., Thaxton, J. R., & Ivancic, A. P. (2013). An evaluation of repeating the discriminative stimulus when using least-to-most prompting to teach intraverbal behavior to children with autism. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 46, 534–538.Source of funding and disclosure of interest: There was no source of funding reported. No disclosure of interests was reported.
Developing disturbances in shear

The origin and growth to moderate amplitude of disturbances in shear flow has been traditionally ascribed to the linear modal instability of the flow. Recent work on initial value problems has suggested that nonmodal growth of perturbations may be of equal and perhaps greater importance, at least in cases of rapid development. Examples of robust growth in model problems which support no instabilities and in baroclinic flows with realistic Ekman damping for which the exponential modes have zero or negative growth rates have been shown. Such examples have focused attention on the perturbations which are configured to tap the energy of mean flows. Here a critical examination of these favorably configured perturbations is given, making use of the simple constant free shear barotropic model which allows construction of exact two-dimensional isolated wave packet solutions.
The Clinical Evaluation of Heat-Treated Composite Resin Inlays

Laboratory research indicates the physical properties of composite resin used for posterior restorations can be significantly increased if a secondary dry heat treatment of the material was accomplished. This study investigated the clinical performance of a heat-treated composite resin inlay, using both the direct and indirect methods of clinical evaluation. Contrary to laboratory results, no significant differences in wear could be measured between conventional light-cured inlays and those with secondary dry heat treatment. Other clinical advantages of the heat-treated inlays were observed.