cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An efficient single-pass trace compression technique utilizing instruction streams

Trace-driven simulations have been widely used in computer architecture for quantitative evaluations of new ideas and design prototypes. Efficient trace compression and fast decompression are crucial for contemporary workloads, as representative benchmarks grow in size and number. This article presents Stream-Based Compression (SBC), a novel technique for single-pass compression of address traces. The SBC technique compresses both instruction and data addresses by associating them with a particular instruction stream, that is, a block of consecutively executing instructions. The compressed instruction trace is a trace of instruction stream identifiers. The compressed data address trace encompasses the data address stride and the number of repetitions for each memory-referencing instruction in a stream, ordered by the corresponding stream appearances in the trace. SBC reduces the size of SPEC CPU2000 Dinero instruction and data address traces from 18 to 309 times, outperforming the best trace compression techniques presented in the open literature. SBC can be successfully combined with general-purpose compression techniques. The combined SBC-gzip compression ratio is from 80 to 35,595, and the SBC-bzip2 compression ratio is from 75 to 191,257. Moreover, SBC outperforms other trace compression techniques when both decompression time and compression time are considered. This article also shows how the SBC algorithm can be modified for hardware implementation with very modest resources and only a minor loss in compression ratio.
Should product differentiation be restricted

Leading firms in many consumer industries may soon be charged with acts of unfair competition in violation of Section 5 of the FTC Act. The charges will be based on the economic argument that produ...
Symmetric 112-Designs and 112-Difference Sets

In this paper, we introduce a method to construct -designs, which are also known as partial geometric designs, by using subsets of certain finite groups. We introduce the concept of -difference sets and investigate the existence and nonexistence of these structures. We also provide some nonexistence results on -designs based on the fact that -designs yield directed strongly regular graphs.
An adaptive, fast, and safe XML parser based on byte sequences memorization

XML (Extensible Markup Language) processing can incur significant runtime overhead in XML-based infrastructural middleware such as Web service application servers. This paper proposes a novel mechanism for efficiently processing similar XML documents. Given a new XML document as a byte sequence, the XML parser proposed in this paper normally avoids syntactic analysis but simply matches the document with previously processed ones, reusing those results. Our parser is adaptive since it partially parses and then remembers XML document fragments that it has not met before. Moreover, it processes safely since its partial parsing correctly checks the well-formedness of documents. Our implementation of the proposed parser complies with the JSR 63 standard of the Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) 1.1 specification. We evaluated Deltarser performance with messages using Google Web services. Comparing to Piccolo (and Apache Xerces), it effectively parses 35% (106%) faster in a server-side use-case scenario, and 73% (126%) faster in a client-side use-case scenario.
Change in Indices of Distress Among Latino and Anglo Female Caregivers of Elderly Relatives With Dementia: Site-Specific Results From the REACH National Collaborative Study

Purpose: Few empirical studies have compared the efficacy between psychoeducational (skill-building) approaches for reducing caregivers’ psychological distress and interventions modeled after typical community-based support groups. We compare the impact of two distinct interventions on Anglo and Latino caregivers of elderly relatives with dementia. Design and Methods: The change from preassessment to postassessment (baseline to 3 months) for 213 female caregivers (122 Anglo and 91 Latino) is presented. They were seen weekly for 10 weeks in either the Coping With Caregiving psychoeducational program (instruction and practice in small groups to learn specific cognitive and behavioral skills) or in the Enhanced Support Group condition (guided discussion and empathic listening to develop reciprocal support within the group). Both programs were tailored to be sensitive to the cultural concerns of Anglo and Latino caregivers, and they were delivered in either English or Spanish by trained interventionists. Results: Overall, participants in the Coping With Caregiving condition reported a significant reduction in depressive symptoms, increased use of adaptive coping strategies, and a trend toward decreased use of negative coping strategies when compared with those in the Enhanced Support Group condition. Results were similar for both ethnic groups: there were no main effects for ethnicity, and no significant ethnicity by treatment interaction effects. Implications: This study provides empirical support that female caregivers benefit more from a skillbuilding approach to managing their distress than from support group membership alone. We find it very encouraging that the Latino caregivers responded well on key outcome variables, suggesting that Latinos will participate in clinical research and will benefit from their involvement when services are provided to meet their specific needs.
Appendix A: Spectral Representations of a Random Function

This appendix contains sections titled: Stationary Complex Random Function Stationary Real Random Function Homogeneous Complex Random Function Homogeneous and Isotropic Random Function Homogeneous and Real Random Function Stationary and Homogeneous Random Function ?>Frozen-In ?> Random Function
What is spirituality

Spirituality is difficult to define, but two paradigmatic approaches to worldviews can help provide the basis for two groups of definitions.
Turbulent heat and momentum transport on a rotating disk

Measurements in the turbulent momentum and thermal boundary layers on a rotating disk with a uniform heat flux surface are described for Reynolds numbers up to 106. Measurements include mean velocities and temperatures, all six Reynolds stresses, turbulent temperature fluctuations, and three turbulent heat fluxes. The mean velocity profiles have no wake region, but the mean temperature profiles do. The turbulent temperature fluctuations have a large peak in the outer layer, and there is a third turbulent heat flux in the cross-flow direction. Correlation coefficients and structure parameters are not constant across the boundary layer as they are in two-dimensional boundary layers (2DBLs), and their values are lower. The turbulent Prandtl number agrees with 2DBL values in the lower part of the outer region but is reduced from the 2DBL values higher in the boundary layer. In the outer region of the boundary layer, the transport processes differ significantly from what is observed in two-dimensional turbulent boundary layers: ejections dominate the transport of momentum while both ejections and sweeps contribute to the transport of the passive scalar.
Efficient Estimation of Agricultural Time Series Models with Nonnormal Dependent Variables

This article proposes using an expanded form of the Johnson S U family as a way to approximate nonnormal distributions in regression models. The distribution is one of the few that allows modeling heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation. The technique is evaluated with Monte Carlo simulation and illustrated through an empirical model of the West Texas cotton basis. Given nonnormality, this technique can substantially reduce the variance of slope parameter estimates relative to least squares procedures.
Pathology of Asbestos-Associated Diseases

The evaluation of patients with respiratory disease suspected or alleged to complicate exposure to asbestos requires the synthesis of clinical, radiographic, and laboratory data, as well as data gleaned from the inspection of pathologic specimens. The examination of cytologic materials including body cavity fluids, bronchial washings, and sputa (often obtained with a minimum of expense and attendant morbidity) may provide a wealth of information regarding the various disease states believed to be related to prior asbestos exposure. Moreover, these specimens may lend themselves to the application of special techniques discussed elsewhere in this book to identify and quantify asbestos fibers and thereby implicate them in the causation of disease.
State-space analysis of ventricular/vascular coupling

The state-space analysis technique is applied to characterizing the time-varying interaction between the left ventricle and systematic vascular bed. An analog model of the circulatory system is developed. Pressure and flow waveforms in the system are computed by numerically integrating the five simultaneous state equations that represent the system dynamics. The model-predicted waveforms agree well with the psychological responses regarding the changes in peripheral resistance, vascular capacitance, viscoelastic loss, aortic valve stenosis, and intraaortic balloon pumping. >
Using Learned Calls to Study Sensory‐Motor Integration in Songbirds

Communicating songbirds produce calls as well as song and some of these are learned. One of these-the long call in zebra finches-is used by both sexes in similar behavioral contexts, but is learned in males and not in females. The male long call includes learned spectral and temporal features. In several studies, the learned long call has been used as a tool to study sensory-motor integration and vocal learning in a way that complements the use of song. Lesion studies showed that production of the male-typical call features requires an intact nucleus RA, the sexually dimorphic source of the telencephalic projection to brainstem vocal effectors. Behavioral studies that quantified zebra finch calling in response to long call playbacks showed that intact adult males have a categorical preference, absent in females, for the long calls of females over those of males. By using synthetic call stimuli, it was found that males use both spectral and temporal information to classify long call stimuli by gender, but that females use only temporal information. In juvenile males, the emergence of categorical preference occurs during the same period when RA matures anatomically (40-50 days) and the first male-typical vocalizations are produced. Adult males with RA lesions lost the categorical preference for female long calls, suggesting that RA could also play a role in long call discrimination. Preliminary analysis of recordings from neurons in NCM-a telencephalic auditory area (see Mello and colleagues, this volume)-suggests a pattern of responses to the spectral features of synthetic call stimuli that parallels the behavioral responses they elicit.
Hazardous Bedding in Infants’ Sleep Environment Is Still Common and a Cause for Concern

Studies from the United States, Europe, New Zealand, and Australia, dating from 1993, found that soft bedding under and around a sleeping infant increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), with adjusted odds ratios of 3.1 to 6.7.1–9 The risk was so compelling that the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended in 1996 that infants sleep in environments with firm sleep surfaces and free of soft or loose bedding.10 In addition, there have been growing concerns about soft and loose bedding contributing to an increased risk of accidental suffocation.11 Studies that measure trends in infant care practices are helpful in providing a window into our patients’ behaviors and guiding us as we provide education on a public as well as individual level. However, although there have been reports published about trends with regard to other sleep practices (eg, sleep position and sleep location), the article in Pediatrics by Shapiro-Mendoza and colleagues12 is the first to report trends in the use of potentially hazardous bedding in the infant sleep environment. There were several disturbing findings described in the study. Although there have been declines in potentially hazardous bedding … Address correspondence to Rachel Moon, MD, Goldberg Center for Community Pediatric Health, Children’s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20010. E-mail: rmoon{at}cnmc.org
Parallel and distributed state estimation

The need for higher frequency in state estimation execution covering larger supervised networks has led to the investigation of faster and numerically more stable state estimation algorithms. However, technical developments in distributed Energy Management Systems, based on fast data communication networks, open up the possibility of parallel or distributed state estimation implementation. In this paper, this possibility is exploited to derive a solution methodology based on conventional state estimation algorithms and a coupling constraints optimization technique. Numerical experiments show suitable performance of the proposed method with regard to estimation accuracy, convergence robustness and computational efficiency. The results of these experiments also indicate the decoupled nature of the state estimation problem. >
Shifting practices and shifting discourses: policy and small-scale agriculture in Canada

This article reviews the policy directives of national and provincial Departments of Agriculture in Canada and their uptake in practice on family farms in New Brunswick. Using Statistics Canada data, it explores the extent to which farmers’ practices have mirrored the agricultural policy directives. It finds that agricultural policy favored industrial farm operations and processing companies and spurred concentration by creating ever larger farms. By documenting how policy discourses shift in tandem with farm practices, the article illustrates how agricultural policy development is a key driver in the structural transformation of agriculture. But this case study also shows that despite their exclusion from policy initiatives, small farms have stubbornly remained part of the New Brunswick’s rural landscape.
Effect of head domain asymmetry on a recording track

The effects of the domain structure in the write head on a recording track are modeled by studying the magnetic field distribution generated by a thin film inductive head such as those used in high density recording on hard disks. The magnetic field around the head gap is calculated in three dimensions from a magnetization configuration generated by a two-dimensional micromagnetic model. Domain variations inside the recording head produce asymmetries in the recording track due to the presence of closure domains in the head. The effects of this asymmetry on overwrite are discussed.
A Three-Dimensional Transient Numerical Study of a Close-Coupled Catalytic Converter Internal Flow

This study involves a numerical and experimental investigation of fluid flow in automotive catalytic converters. The numerical work involves using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to perform three-dimensional calculations of turbulent flow in an inlet pipe, inlet cone, catalyst substrate (porous medium), outlet cone, and outlet pipe. The experimental work includes using hot-wire anemometry to measure the velocity profile at the outlet of the catalyst substrate, and pressure drop measurements across the system. Very often, the designer may have to resort to offset inlet and outlet cones, or angled inlet pipes due to space limitations. Hence, it is very difficult to achieve a good flow distribution at the inlet cross section of the catalyst substrate. Therefore, it is important to study the effect of the geometry of the catalytic converter on flow uniformity in the substrate. The analysis involved determining back pressure (BP) across the converter system for different monolith cell densities, mass flow rates, converter aspect ratio, inlet cone angle, and inlet pipe offset. The numerical results were used to study the velocity profile at the inlet to the substrate, and were verified with experimental measurements of velocity and BP.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Exercise Tolerance Testing in a Prospective Cohort of Adolescents with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Recovered Controls following Infectious Mononucleosis

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a complex condition responsible for marked functional impairment. The authors recently reported that 6 months following acute infectious mononucleosis (IM), 13%, of adolescents met criteria for CFS. The authors’ objective was to assess standing orthostatic tolerance (SOT) in adolescents with CFS and in controls 6 months following IM. In all, 36 of 39 adolescents diagnosed with CFS 6 months following IM and 43 of 50 recovered controls had SOT testing (SOTT) performed. χ2 Analysis was performed to study the relationships between SOTT and the diagnosis of CFS. Adolescents diagnosed with CFS and recovered controls did not differ significantly in age, weight, or body mass index. The authors found that 9 of 36 adolescents with CFS (25%) versus 9 of 43 recovered controls (21%) had an abnormal SOTT, which was not a statistically significant difference. Adolescents who meet criteria for CFS 6 months following IM do not have, as a group, more standing orthostatic intolerance than r...
Self-Consistent Modeling of Power Flow in a Recyclable Transmission Line for a $Z$ -Pinch-Driven IFE System

A self-consistent imploding Z-pinch-load model is coupled to a particle-in-cell simulation to study power flow in a recyclable transmission line (RTL) for a Z-pinch-driven inertial fusion energy (IFE) system. The system is driven by a voltage wave appropriate for driving the IFE target implosion when there is no particle emission from the walls of the RTL. Models for both electron and ion emission from the RTL walls are included in the simulations to allow the study of their effects on power coupled to the load. Insight is obtained for designing an efficient IFE system which satisfies system constraints on RTL inductance and driver voltage
Tuberculous Scrofula: Belfast Experience

SUMMARY The Belfast blitzes of 1941 are blamed in our family for the scrofula of my younger brother and sister and myself. Guinea pigs and rabbits at Musgrave Park proved that each of us had bovine derived TB infection caused by failure to pasteurize milk when tuberculin-tested milk was not available. The clinical head of Harvard Medical School’s anti-tuberculosis effort contacted his boss, Professor Maxwell Finland, who ascertained from Selman A. Waksman that his antibiotic streptothricin was bacteriostatic against TB but too toxic for humans. Finland, born 1902, knew Waksman (born 1888) well, each having emigrated from the Czarist-ruled Ukraine. Waksman , in 1942, had hopes for an analog to streptothricin he intended to name streptomycin: an antibiotic from Actinomyces griseus which had been culture-isolated in 1916 for his M.Sc. thesis. Streptomycin was still 6-9 months away from animal testing. The same Actinomyces species was also able to produce actinomycin C and D that was later supplied to Professor Sidney Farber of Harvard to start successful human cancer chemotherapy.
Cognitive interviewing methodology in the development of a pediatric item bank: a patient reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) study.

Background The evaluation of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in health care has seen greater use in recent years, and methods to improve the reliability and validity of PRO instruments are advancing. This paper discusses the cognitive interviewing procedures employed by the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) pediatrics group for the purpose of developing a dynamic, electronic item bank for field testing with children and adolescents using novel computer technology. The primary objective of this study was to conduct cognitive interviews with children and adolescents to gain feedback on items measuring physical functioning, emotional health, social health, fatigue, pain, and asthma-specific symptoms.
Some Introductory Remarks on the Cellular Basis of Differentiation

By request of the committee which organized the conference on ‘The Cellular Basis of Differentiation’, I undertook to open the meeting with a sort of topical outline that might serve as a guide in the subsequent free and informal discussion. In view of the diverse meanings attached to the term ‘differentiation’ in various quarters, from development in general in the broadest sense to the production of visible specialized cell structures in the narrowest sense, it seemed desirable to circumscribe at least the scope within which the conference was to hold itself. The instructions of the organizing group were to focus the discussion on the cellular transformations which lead to the final functional state of the mature cell. This limitation is taken into account in the following outline. At the same time it is clear that terminal cell specialization is part of a continuous process, hence cannot be neatly separated from antecedent developmental processes leading up to it.
Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 activities in free lung cells after single and repeated inhalation of bacterial endotoxin

Bacterial endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides), important components of many organic dusts, are known to induce macrophages to produce the inflammatory mediators interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). To investigate the role of these mediators in the early inflammatory responses in the lung, guinea pigs were exposed to an aerosol of bacterial endotoxin. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was then performed, and TNF-alpha and IL-1 in lysed BAL cells and in the supernatants from BAL cell cultures were studied. The effect of single and repeated LPS inhalation exposures on the activities of TNF and IL-1 was studied, as was the effect of LPS added to the cell culture medium. A single inhalation exposure to LPS caused an increase in the TNF-alpha and IL-1 activities in cell lysate and in the cell culture supernatant. After a second inhalation exposure, cell-associated and extracellular TNF-alpha activity could not be detected, whereas IL-1 activity was markedly enhanced. IL-1 activity was increased when LPS was added to the cell culture medium with or without a prior inhalation exposure. In contrast, TNF-alpha activity was not affected after a second exposure.
Ethical Decision-Making for Yoga Teachers and Yoga Therapists

Any therapeutic profession, including Yoga therapy, must establish a systematic way to make ethical decisions. This article proposes a model of ethical decision-making drawn from psychotherapy, a field that—like Yoga therapy— recognizes relationship as a healing instrument. The model proposed is based on an easily remembered mnemonic that is both practical and easily internalized for real-life decision-making. A real case study using this method is presented and discussed, and hypothetical ethical dilemmas in Yoga therapy are offered for further consideration.
Transparency and liveness in visual programming environments for novices

Blocks-based programming environments offer an alternative program representation to textual source code that simplifies the considerations of syntax for novices. This position paper raises the question of whether additional affordances related to transparency of data, transparency of semantics, and liveness of execution can be consistently added to these environments to obtain some significant advantages for these novice programmers.
Quantum Coherence and the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

We show how the validity of Hamilton equation methods for determining the time evolution of trial state vectors in quantum mechanics may be tested. We show how an ansatz state vector consisting of a product of coherent states allows a differential operator to be constructed under which a scalar Hamilton function must be invariant. Since the Hamilton equations for the coherent state amplitudes are derived without approximation from the exact Heisenberg equations of motion for creation and annihilation operators, the differential invariance condition provides information about the admissibility of coherent state products as state vectors and the validity of the equations of motion subsequently derived.
DISTIL: Design and implementation of a scalable synchrophasor data processing system

The introduction and deployment of cheap, high precision, high-sample-rate next-generation synchrophasors en masse in both the transmission and distribution tier — while invaluable for event diagnosis, situational awareness and capacity planning — poses a problem for existing methods of phasor data analysis and storage. Addressing this, we present the design and implementation of a novel architecture for synchrophasor data analysis on distributed commodity hardware. At the core is a new feature-rich timeseries store, BTrDB. Capable of sustained writes and reads in excess of 16 million points per second per cluster node, advanced query functionality and highly efficient storage, this database enables novel analysis and visualization techniques. Leveraging this, a distillate framework has been developed that enables agile development of scalable analysis pipelines with strict guarantees on result integrity despite asynchronous changes in data or out of order arrival. Finally, the system is evaluated in a pilot deployment, archiving more than 216 billion raw datapoints and 515 billion derived datapoints from 13 devices in just 3.9TB. We show that the system is capable of scaling to handle complex analytics and storage for tens of thousands of next-generation synchrophasors on off-the-shelf servers.
Application of composite rotor blade stability analysis to extension-twist coupled blades

A finite element based stability analysis is developed for a hingeless, composite, isolated rotor in hover. It includes a mechanism for the inclusion of a complete 6 x 6 stiffness matrix, as well as the effects of rotary inertia. No restrictions are made on the magnitudes of the displacements and rotations if the magnitudes of the strains remain small compared to unity. The equilibrium position is obtained by an iterative solution of the complete nonlinear equations. The dynamic equations are linearized about this position, yielding and eigenproblem. The lift model is a two-dimensional, quasi-steady strip theory, with inflow taken from momentum theory. Initial results are given for the stability of extensiontwist coupled rotor blades.
An abuse-free medical school environment: an ethical imperative.

The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA formed the Gender and Power Abuse Committee in 1995 to address mistreatment of medical students, residents, and junior faculty.
Toward a Flying Qualities Standard for Unmanned Aircraft

The expanding capabilities of unmanned aircraft have resulted in a significant effort to accomplish missions previously performed by manned aircraft. In spite of this effort, insufficient resources have been devoted to developing meaningful and appropriate flying qualities criteria and requirements for unmanned aircraft. The failure to employ flying qualities criteria and requirements tailored to unmanned aircraft has resulted in high costs for equipment (due to mishaps), manpower, and development time. This article addresses the need for establishing a flying qualities standard for unmanned aircraft, and proposes that a mission-based standard provides the most flexibility as aircraft designs and missions continue to proliferate. A fundamental requirement for such a standard is a database of subjective and objective flying qualities assessments upon which requirements can be based. In addition, research is required to answer questions related to appropriate mission task elements, flying qualities parameters, and levels of autonomy.
Transitioning to 100% Business E-Books: The Case of a Large University Business Collection

The transformation of the e-book industry has been nothing less than extraordinary. Similarly, the acceleration in academic distance learning programs has been remarkable. The advantages of acquiring e-books for academic users have been enumerated in many ways and by many authors. At our institution, availability, accessibility, acceptance by our patrons, and low foot print of e-books has provided a strong motivation for pursuing this new technology. This article describes how we are decisively moving toward the goal of achieving a 100% business e-book collection.
Research Review on Public Environmental Awareness in China

The public environmental awareness is an important factor in the building of eco-culture,and an important base to build eco-society.The western scholars have focused on public environmental awareness for a long time and obtained some valuable theories.However,some of them do not apply to our current situation.This paper summarized the academic papers written by Chinese scholars,and analyzed related theories from the prospective of definition,composition,influential factors and evaluation index,and found some research limitations.
Using Mobile Robots as a Shared Visual Presence in USAR Environments.

This paper presents mobile rescue robots as a way of augmenting communication in distributed teams through a shared remote visual presence consisting of the robot’s eye view. Emergency/disaster management is a system composed of many (distributed) ad hoc teams; one of these is Urban Search and Rescue (USAR), itself a system organizationally structured as teams of teams. The use of mobile robots as a shared remote visual presence is presented specifically within the domain of USAR as a means of addressing the communication and coordination challenges posed for distributed team members onsite during an incident response, and also for others removed from the incident site. It is posited that the shared awareness (common ground) and mutual knowledge gained through the shared remote visual presence can enhance communication efficiency and coordination across teams, and improve team performance. Existing and potential applications in emergency management and response situations are discussed, along with an agenda for current and future research.
Translational implications for off-the-shelf immune cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) endows specificity to T-cells independent of human leukocyte antigen (HLA). This enables one immunoreceptor to directly target the same surface antigen on different subsets of tumor cells from multiple HLA-disparate recipients. Most approaches manufacture individualized CAR(+)T-cells from the recipient or HLA-compatible donor, which are revealing promising clinical results. This is the impetus to broaden the number of patients eligible to benefit from adoptive immunotherapy such as to infuse third-party donor derived CAR(+)T-cells. This will overcome issues associated with (i) time to manufacture T-cells, (ii) cost to generate one product for one patient, (iii) inability to generate a product from lymphopenic patients or patient's immune cells fail to complete the manufacturing process, and (iv) heterogeneity of T-cell products produced for or from individual recipients. Establishing a biobank of allogeneic genetically modified immune cells from healthy third-party donors, which are cryopreserved and validated in advance of administration, will facilitate the centralizing manufacturing and widespread distribution of CAR(+)T-cells to multiple points-of-care in a timely manner. To achieve this, it is necessary to engineer an effective strategy to avoid deleterious allogeneic immune responses leading to toxicity and rejection. We review the strategies to establish "off-the-shelf" donor-derived biobanks for human application of CAR(+)T-cells as a drug.
Ureteral Strictures Following Ureterolithotomy

AbstractUreteral strictures occurring after ureterolithotomy may not be recognized until obstruction or recurrent stone impaction occurs in the area. We describe our treatment of this problem in 9 patients. Management varied from conservative treatment in patients having no discernible renal function on the affected side to various forms of reconstruction or reimplantation, depending upon the situation and site of the stricture. All patients were followed for a minimum of 2 years without complications. The etiopathogenesis and other methods of treatment available for this problem are discussed.
Multiple renin forms in the adrenal gland

Renin heterogeneity has been described in rat kidney and plasma. In this study, we used the isoelectric focusing method to 1) characterize the adrenal renin forms in control rats, in rats on low- and high-Na diets, and in nephrectomized rats; and 2) examine their resemblance with plasma renin. Active renin (AR) and inactive trypsin-activatable renin (IR) were measured in adrenal homogenates and plasma. Aliquots were subjected to isoelectric focusing gels. Activation with trypsin (5 mg/ml) was performed before or after isoelectric focusing. Results showed that adrenal glands contained AR and IR. The content of adrenal AR increased significantly only in rats fed a low-Na diet. Following anesthesia, nephrectomy, or high-Na intake, the content of adrenal AR and IR was not significantly changed. In plasma, an inverse relationship between AR and IR was found. Adrenal glands contained six forms of AR focusing at the same pH as those of plasma AR but in different proportions. After activation of IR in adrenal glands, two additional renin forms focusing at pH 6.4 and 6.1 were found, whereas after activation of plasma IR, two peaks focusing at pH 5.9 and 4.8 were significantly enhanced. Adrenal AR forms were modified by alterations of salt and water balance differently than plasma AR. These results support the hypotheses of an endogenous production of renin forms by the adrenal gland.
Non-Condon equilibrium Fermi's golden rule electronic transition rate constants via the linearized semiclassical method.

In this paper, we test the accuracy of the linearized semiclassical (LSC) expression for the equilibrium Fermi’s golden rule rate constant for electronic transitions in the presence of non-Condon effects. We do so by performing a comparison with the exact quantum-mechanical result for a model where the donor and acceptor potential energy surfaces are parabolic and identical except for shifts in the equilibrium energy and geometry, and the coupling between them is linear in the nuclear coordinates. Since non-Condon effects may or may not give rise to conical intersections, both possibilities are examined by considering: (1) A modified Garg-Onuchic-Ambegaokar model for charge transfer in the condensed phase, where the donor-acceptor coupling is linear in the primary mode coordinate, and for which non-Condon effects do not give rise to a conical intersection; (2) the linear vibronic coupling model for electronic transitions in gas phase molecules, where non-Condon effects give rise to conical intersections. We also present a comprehensive comparison between the linearized semiclassical expression and a progression of more approximate expressions. The comparison is performed over a wide range of frictions and temperatures for model (1) and over a wide range of temperatures for model (2). The linearized semiclassical method is found to reproduce the exact quantum-mechanical result remarkably well for both models over the entire range of parameters under consideration. In contrast, more approximate expressions are observed to deviate considerably from the exact result in some regions of parameter space.
Symposium : Sunday worship in the absence of a priest. III. Sunday celebrations in the absence of a priest : Gift or threat ?

L'A. presente le contenu d'un symposium qui s'est tenu sur le theme du culte dominical en absence de pretre. Cet article constitue la troisieme partie de ce travail : il s'agit ici de savoir si les celebrations du dimanche realisees par des laics est une chance ou represente un danger pour les formes futures de la liturgie catholique. L'A. fait le bilan de cette question en s'appuyant sur l'exemple des Etats-Unis. Il en profite pour decrire le nouveau rituel en usage dans ce pays. Puis il recense la variete des problemes theologiques et pastoraux souleves par cette question dans la pratique des Eglises americaines. C'est alors qu'il livre son opinion a propos de l'influence des assemblees en l'absence de pretre sur les formes de la liturgie a venir
The Ratio of Exports to Gross Domestic Product, the Purchasing Power of Exports, the Net Barter Terms of Trade, and the Volume of Exports, circa 1850 to circa 1912

The criteria used in Chapter 3 for measuring the success or failure of export-led growth require information on the ratio of exports to GDP, the price of imports, and the purchasing power of exports before 1914 for all countries. This Appendix 2 explains the methods I used to calculate the statistics. It also includes tables on export prices, the net barter terms of trade (NBTT), and the volume of exports from 1850 to 1912 (unless otherwise specified) for twelve countries. The Ratio of Exports to GDP Calculation of the required rate of growth of exports in equation (3.2) involves estimation of the ratio of exports to GDP ( w ). Because w can be assumed to change over time, it is necessary to estimate it at the beginning (circa 1850) and at the end (circa 1912) of the period. The ratio of exports to GDP is the same as the ratio of exports per head to GDP per head. Table 3.6 provides data on exports per head in current dollars for all countries at different time intervals, and Appendix 4 provides data on GDP per head circa 1912 for nine countries at constant (2000) dollars. For some of these countries there are also estimates of GDP at current dollars (see Appendix 3), and it is preferable to use these for consistency because the export data are also at current prices. In the case of Mexico, I used a three-year average for 1908 to avoid the impact of the revolution; in the case of Venezuela, I used a three-year average for 1921 because the current price series starts in 1920 (in both cases exports per head therefore need to refer to the same year rather than to 1912). Estimates for ԝ in 1912 for other countries with constant price estimates can be obtained by converting the GDP data to current dollars using a deflator obtained from US wholesale price indexes; see Mitchell (2007). Assuming that 1970 equals 100, the 1912 price index can be calculated as 35. Thus the GDP data for these other countries were converted to current dollars by multiplying by 0.35. This allows calculation of ԝ in 1912 for any country for which there are constant price GDP data only.
Abstract 4682: Reversal of cisplatin resistance in human ovarian cancer through autophagy inhibition and caspase 1-α activation: Role of tumor associated Vacuolar-ATPase

The development of resistance to cisplatin drugs significantly hinders successful ovarian cancer treatment. An emerging centralized mechanism of chemo-resistance is a dysregulation in tumor cell pH (alkaline intracellular, acidic extracellular). Vacuolar-ATPase (V-ATPase) is a key proton pump that alters the pH and mediates metastasis/chemo-resistance in tumor cells. The major pH sensing unit of the V-ATPase complex is the ‘a2’ isoform(V0a2) and has been previously shown to promote metastasis in ovarian cancer cells. Here, we show that V0a2 is over-expressed in acquired cisplatin resistant ovarian tumor cells (cis-A2780 and cis-TOV112D) at both mRNA and protein levels. The shRNA mediated inhibition of V0a2 activity in cisplatin resistant cells (sh-V0a2-cis) sensitized the cells to cisplatin with a 3 fold reduction in inhibitory concentration 50% [IC50] (sh-V0a2-cis, IC50 = 11.47 ± 3.02 μM, p Citation Format: Arpita Kulshrestha, Gajendra K. Katara, Sahithi Pamarthy, Alice Gilman-Sachs, Kenneth D. Beaman. Reversal of cisplatin resistance in human ovarian cancer through autophagy inhibition and caspase 1-α activation: Role of tumor associated Vacuolar-ATPase. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4682.
Queering Christie on Television

This chapter explores decisions made by dramatists bringing Agatha Christie’s texts to the screen in Agatha Christie’s Poirot and Agatha Christie’s Marple. Set in the 1930s and 1950s respectively, both series reflect modern attitudes to sexual minorities while nostalgically evoking the past. Examining adaptations in dialogue with the literary texts on which they are based, this chapter considers the “heterosexualization” of Hercule Poirot, and the manner in which Christie’s queer characters are definitely labelled as gay or lesbian on the screen. The result is a distinctly limited reading of queer characters, according to negatively weighted essentialist stereotypes, despite being in line with contemporary LGBT activism. There is more queer potential in the literary texts than in the apparently democratic twenty-first-century adaptations.
Case of intracranial penetration of a metallic pipe through the orbit.

In March 2016, an 18-year-old left-handed male presented to our emergency department with a metal pipe penetrating intracranially through his right orbit (figure 1). The patient had been making an improvised firearm at home, when it backfired and dislodged the cylindrical barrel into his right eye socket. The patient was localizing only with the right upper extremity on arrival but did not follow commands. A CT scan demonstrated that 13.3 cm of the 23 cm metallic pipe extended through his right orbit though his anterior cranial fossa, into the middle cranial fossa (figure 2). Figure 1 Intraoperative demonstration of metallic pipe penetrating the right orbit. Permission to publish patient's imaging was obtained . Figure 2 (A) Skull X-ray demonstrating a 23 cm metallic pipe. (B) Three-dimensional view rendering with the removal of the top of the skull demonstrates penetration of the right orbit into the middle cranial fossa. 1. Removal of metal pipe followed by decompressive craniectomy. 2. Decompressive craniectomy followed by removal of the metal pipe. 3. Removal …
Dysregulation of V-ATPase Function Impairs Lysosomal Acidification in a Mouse Model of a Rare Lysosomal Storage Disease, INCL

Lysosomes are the major organelles for intracellular digestion. They contain >50 hydrolases that require acidic pH for optimal function. The acidification of the intracellular organelles, including...
COMPARISON OF NON-SURGICAL AND SURGICAL THERAPY FOR PROSTHETIC VALVE ENDOCARDITIS: A PROPENSITY SCORE-ADJUSTED STUDY

Background: Patients with prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) who are not treated surgically have poor clinical outcomes. This study was undertaken to compare outcomes of non-surgical with surgical treatment for PVE. Methods: Patients admitted to Cleveland Clinic with PVE from April 1, 2008 to
“I’m Not Mopping the Floors, I’m Putting a Man on the Moon”: How NASA Leaders Enhanced the Meaningfulness of Work by Changing the Meaning of Work:

It is assumed that leaders can boost the motivation of employees by communicating the organization’s ultimate aspirations, yet evidence on the effectiveness of this tactic is equivocal. On some occasions, it causes employees to view their work as more meaningful. At other times, it causes them to become dispirited. These inconsistent findings may in part be explained by a paradox: the very features that make ultimate aspirations meaningful—their breadth and timelessness—undermine the ability of employees to see how their daily responsibilities are associated with them. To understand how leaders can help employees resolve this paradox, I analyzed archival evidence to explore the actions of President John F. Kennedy when leading NASA in the 1960s. I found that Kennedy enacted four sensegiving steps, each of which helped employees see a stronger connection between their work and NASA’s ultimate aspirations. When this connection was strongest, employees construed their day-to-day work not as short-term tasks ...
Negligent Misstatement in the United States

At the turn of the twentieth century courts in the United States uniformly rejected liability for negligent misrepresentation. A century later liability is well established, although differently framed in different jurisdictions. This chapter describes the development of negligent misrepresentation in the US, from the early position of non-liability through the dramatic expansion of liability in the 1960s (about the time of Hedley Byrne v. Heller) to the present state of the law. In addition to charting the doctrinal development, the chapter situates the doctrine in the broader context of changes in tort and contract law and in political ideology.
Self-care management strategies used by Black women who self-report consistent adherence to antihypertensive medication.

Background Black women in the USA have the highest prevalence rate of hypertension (HTN) contributing to a higher risk of organ damage and death. Research has focused primarily on poorly controlled HTN, negative belief systems, and nonadherence factors that hinder blood pressure control. No known research studies underscore predominantly Black women who report consistent adherence to their antihypertensive medication-taking. The purpose of this study was to describe self-care management strategies used by Black women who self-report consistent adherence to their antihypertensive medication and to determine the existence of further participation in lifestyle modifications, such as eating a healthy diet and increasing physical activity. Methods Using a qualitative descriptive design, four focus groups with a total of 20 Black women aged 25-71 years were audio-taped. Transcripts were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Participants were included in the study if they scored perfect adherence on the medication subscale of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale. Results Medication adherence was predicated on three themes: HTN experience, involvement with treatment regimen, and a strong motivated mentality. Black women would benefit from treatment approaches that are sensitive to 1) diverse emotional responses, knowledge levels, and life experiences; 2) two-way communication and trusting, collaborative relationships with active involvement in the treatment regimen; 3) lifestyle modifications that focus on health benefits and individual preferences; and 4) spiritual/religious influences on adherence. Conclusion The use of self-care management strategies to enhance antihypertensive medication adherence is key to adequate blood pressure control and the reduction of cardiovascular events. This study provides preliminary insight for future research to develop interventions to aid those Black women who struggle with medication adherence and are disproportionately impacted by HTN.
B cell autoimmunity at the extremes

Caveolin-1 has a critical role in orchestrating the membrane organization of B cells. In its absence, signaling via the B cell antigen receptor and B cell tolerance are impaired, which results in autoimmunity.