cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A case report of Kleine-Levin syndrome in an adolescent girl.

Received September 12, 2000; revised February 13, 2001; accepted February 23, 2001. From the Department of Psychiatry, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195. Address reprint requests to Dr. Franco. Copyright 2001 The Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine. Kleine-Levin Syndrome (KLS) comprises a triad of symptoms, including hypersomnia, hyperphagia, and hypersexuality. Although Kleine knew of an earlier case of hypersomnia with possible hyperphagia, the first two cases he definitely attributed to the disorder were reported in 1925. His patients were adolescent boys who exhibited periodic hypersomnia, excessive food consumption, and confusion. Over a decade later, Max Levin described a similar adolescent male patient with pathological hunger and unusually long periods of sleep. Additional reports confirmed a higher prevalence in boys. KLS remains particularly rare in girls and is challenging to diagnose, as most patients have no prior physical, neurological, or psychiatric history.
Post-operative antibiotic use in nonperforated appendicitis

Abstract Background The appropriate use of preoperative antibiotics in patients undergoing appendectomy for acute appendicitis has been shown to decrease the rate of surgical site infections (SSIs). The benefits of postoperative courses of antibiotics in these patients, however, remain unclear. Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed all cases of nonperforated appendicitis performed at their institution over a 10-year period from 1997 to 2007. Patient outcomes were evaluated to include the postoperative development of SSIs, urinary tract infections, diarrhea, and Clostridium difficile infections. Results A total of 763 patients who underwent appendectomy for nonperforated appendicitis during the study period were identified. Five hundred seven of these patients had appropriate follow-up data and were the subjects of this study. Comparing patients who did and did not receive postoperative antibiotics, no significant differences in the rates of all SSIs (10% vs 9%, P = .64), superficial SSIs (9.3% vs 5.4%, P = .13), deep SSIs (.3% vs .5%, P = 1.0), organ space SSIs (2.8% vs 2.7%, P = .87), urinary tract infections (.6% vs .5%, P = 1.0), and diarrhea (2.5% vs 1.1%, P = .34) were found between groups. Conclusions The use of postoperative antibiotics in patients with nonperforated appendicitis does not decrease the rate of SSIs, while it may increase the cost of care.
Immunoglobulin and T cell receptor beta chain gene DNA probes in the diagnosis and classification of human lymphoid neoplasia

The application of DNA probes to demonstrate clonal rearrangements of the immunoglobulin heavy and light chain and T cell receptor beta chain gene loci by Southern blot hybridization analysis has led to significant advances in our ability to diagnose, classify and investigate the lymphoproliferative disorders. This approach has allowed us to conclusively determine the B or T cell lineage derivation and the clonal nature of the vast majority of lymphoid neoplasms, resulting in a new level of understanding of the biology of lymphoid neoplasia. Further application of these DNA probes to other poorly defined and controversial lymphoproliferative disorders should clarify their nature as well. Eventually, antigen receptor gene rearrangement analysis may become routinely employed in diagnosing lymphoid malignancies, monitoring the effects of chemotherapy, detecting early subclinical relapses and identifying disease progression, especially with respect to detecting the emergence of new clonal populations.
Motivational influences on word recognition: II. Affective coding

The effects of motivation and affective word content on tachistoscopic recognition were assessed in two experiments. Even with arousal heightened by white noise and with the word exposure slowed (15 vs. 10 msec) per trial, the earlier finding (Ferguson, 1988) was replicated, that under parafoveal viewing hunger, compared to satiation, fails to have a significant effect. Hemispheric asymmetry in affective bias for pleasant and unpleasant words was not found. However, strong evidence was found for significant affective word coding at the lexical stage: for categories with comparable interletter and word frequencies, food words required fewer trials for word recognition, and negatively emotional words required the most trials. In contrast, the reaction times, which likely are more representative of postlexical processing, were fastest for animal words.
Alteration of hexose transport in avian erythrocytes by vinblastine and colchicine.

Abstract Vinblastine and colchicine, compounds which effect the state of aggregation of microtubules, were investigated to determine if changes in the rate of sugar transport were produced by these compounds. Vinblastine accelerated 3-O-methylglucose entry into avian erythrocytes. At a concentration of 1.5 m m , transport was accelerated two-fold. The effect of vinblastine was not attributed to cell energy depletion or to increased entry by simple diffusion. Stimulation of transport did not require preincubation of the cells with vinblastine, and the effect was reversible. Colchicine (2 m m ) inhibited 3-O-methylglucose entry in aerobic or anoxic intact red cells and in red cell ghosts. A change in the state of aggregation or activity of the microtubular system could represent a model for regulation of a membrane carrier. The present results would lend support to this model.
Micropycnometer Measurement of Single‐Kernel Density of Healthy, Sprouted, and Scab‐Damaged Wheats

ABSTRACT Samples from four market lots of hard red winter and soft red winter wheat containing sprout- and scab-damaged kernels were used to test a prototype single-kernel density micropycnometer. Fifteen kernels for each damage type and an equal number of healthy kernels were weighed to the nearest 0.01 mg, then measured for volume to the nearest 1.0 μL. Volume measurements for all kernels were performed three consecutive times with the micropycnometer, then kernels were evaluated for weight, size, moisture, and hardness using a Single Kernel Characterization System. The structure of the sampling plan and the goals of the study indicated that a mixed-model statistical analysis was needed. The fixed effects were wheat class and type of kernel, and the random effects included lot, the interaction of lot with class and kernel type, kernels within each lot, and repeated measures of single-kernel density. Results indicated that variability of the three measurements per kernel did not depend on type of kernel ...
2006 Thesis and Dissertations Report: Family and Consumer Sciences

Twenty-five universities reported their graduate students in Family and Consumer Sciences wrote 221 thesis and 79 dissertations in 2006. Students in nutrition completed 93 theses. Thirteen dissertations were from the fields of family relations and institution hotel and restaurant management, and 12 dissertations came from the field of nutrition. Because degree completion with a graduate project is not reported in the Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, this research productivity report accounts for a small fraction of graduate degrees granted in 2006.
When Is a New Thing a Good Thing? Technological Change, Product Form Design, and Perceptions of Value for Product Innovations

Innovation researchers recognize that the uncertainty with regard to the value-creating potential of product innovations increases with their technological novelty, and have argued that the usefulness and value of novel products are socially constructed. Despite this recognition, researchers have not explored how the outer form in which a technological innovation is embodied influences the processes through which the innovation's value is constructed and perceived. In this paper we argue that by embodying novel technologies in objects with specific functional, symbolic, and aesthetic properties, innovating firms also endow their products with cues that trigger a variety of cognitive and emotional responses. Drawing on psychological research we articulate how such cognitive and emotional responses underlie initial perceptions of value and theorize how innovating firms can influence them through product form design. Our framework explains how product form contributes to perceptions of value by modulating the actual technological novelty of a product innovation and facilitating how customers cope with it. Our theoretical framework makes an important contribution to innovation research and practice because it articulates how product form can be used strategically to achieve specific cognitive and emotional effects and enhance the initial customer perceptions of the value of an innovation.
Beyond satisfaction questionnaires: Hacking the online survey

This paper presents a practical method of using online survey tools to gather formative user feedback on UI designs and interactions. It describes how online survey tools have been used to administer both unmoderated cognitive walkthroughs and progressive comparisons among colors in screen mockups. It also details the process by which an online survey tool has been used to allow the off-label ability to gather rich clickstream data: number, location and chronological order of clicks.
Optimal power allocation for achieving perfect secrecy capacity in MIMO wire-tap channels

In this paper, we investigate optimal power allocation to achieve perfect secrecy capacity in Gaussian MIMO wire-tap channels. The number of antennas in the MIMO wire-tap channel is arbitrary at the transmitter, the intended receiver, and the eavesdropper. For this challenging non-convex optimization problem, we design a novel global optimization algorithm called branch-and-bound with reformulation and linearization technique (BB/RLT). As opposed to convex programming methods that only yield local optimal solutions, our proposed BB/RLT method guarantees finding a global optimal solution. The main contribution in this paper is that our proposed BB/RLT algorithm is the first method that solves the optimal power allocation problem for achieving perfect secrecy capacity problem in MIMO wire-tap channels. Numerical examples are also given to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.
Effects of Nonselective Cyclooxygenase Inhibition with Low-Dose Ibuprofen on Tumor Growth, Angiogenesis, Metastasis, and Survival in a Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer

Purpose: To determine whether the nonselective and relatively inexpensive nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen would be effective in inhibiting colorectal cancer and might improve mortality in a mouse model. Experimental Design: The effects of ibuprofen on tumor growth inhibition and animal survival have been examined in both mouse and human colorectal cancer tumor models. Angiogenesis was measured by in vitro endothelial cell tube formation and immunohistochemistry. Results: Ibuprofen significantly inhibited cell proliferation in mouse (MC-26) and human (HT-29) colorectal cancer cell lines. In vitro angiogenesis assays also indicated that ibuprofen decreased both cell proliferation and tube formation. The administration of chow containing 1,360 ppm ibuprofen, which achieved an average plasma concentration of ibuprofen lower than the peak level achieved in humans at therapeutic doses, inhibited tumor growth by 40% to 82%. Fewer liver metastases were found in the ibuprofen group compared with the control group. In combination therapy with the standard antineoplastic agents, 5-fluorouracil, or irinotecan (CPT-11), tumor volumes in the groups with ibuprofen ± CPT-11 or 5-fluorouracil were smaller than in the control group. Ibuprofen was similar to the cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor rofecoxib in its ability to suppress tumor growth and improve overall survival. Conclusions: Ibuprofen, in part by modulating tumor angiogenesis, decreases both tumor growth and metastatic potential in mice. The ibuprofen doses were in the low range of therapeutic human plasma concentrations. Ibuprofen potentiates the antitumor properties of CPT-11 and improves survival of mice without increasing gastrointestinal toxicity.
Unidirectional bit/byte error control

This paper defines a new class of unidirectional errors, named t/1-unidirectional errors, which affect at most t bits confined to at most t bytes of the code word. Codes that are capable of detecting, locating and correcting t/1-unidirectional errors are presented. Lower bounds on the number of checkbits required for t/1-unidirectional error detection and location are also presented. >
BODY, POWER AND SACRIFICE IN EQUATORIAL AFRICA

This article revisits the trope of the traffic in body parts in colonial and postcolonial Equatorial Africa. Current analyses, mostly written by anthropologists and sociologists, explain these rumors by the destructive integration of Africa in the world's economy and the commodification of the human body. While acknowledging their fertility, I argue that these approaches fail to understand how, during the colonial era, Europeans and Africans participated in the re-enchanting of the human body. The first part of the article examines Equatorial African conceptions of the body as central in the crafting of power and social reproduction, and reconstructs how these views were disturbed by colonial intrusion. The second part turns to European discourses and suggests that the colonial situation revealed significant contradictions in the western fiction of a modern disconnect between the body and power. The series of political and moral transgressions triggered by the conquest made apparent how Europeans themselves envisioned political survival as a form of positive exchange revolving around the body-fetish. The third section puts these ideas to the test of funeral practices to show how, in the colony, black and white bodies became re-sacralized as political resources. Building on these findings, the conclusion questions anthropologists' and historians' tendency to draw epistemic boundaries between western and African imaginaries.
Visualization techniques for spatial probability density function data

Novel visualization methods are presented for spatial probability density function data. These are spatial datasets, where each pixel is a random variable, and has multiple samples which are the results of experiments on that random variable. We use clustering as a means to reduce the information contained in these datasets; and present two different ways of interpreting and clustering the data. The clustering methods are used on two datasets, and the results are discussed with the help of visualization techniques designed for the spatial probability data.
Modeling of Military Networks Using Group Mobility Models

Current work in the area of DTN focuses on various forms of epidemic routing, similar to mathematical epidemiology. In as much as this research has pioneered the field, it has left a large amount of open areas of research. Particularly, the use of group mobility models has limited research, despite its applicability in numerous settings. In this preliminary work, we investigate the design of a group mobility model simulator employed to be used in future studies related to the implementation of group mobility models in disruption tolerant networks.
Decadal Wind Forcing of the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre

Abstract In the central North Atlantic Ocean there are large decadal-scale fluctuations of sea level and of the depth of the thermocline. This variability can be explained by low-frequency Rossby waves forced by wind. The authors have used a simple model of ocean fluctuations driven by the COADS wind-stress curl and find that their model results and hydrographic data, to the limited extent they can be compared meaningfully, agree rather well. The variation in wind curl over the ocean leads to surprisingly large north–south variability in the computed oceanic response over the subtropical gyre. The peak-to-peak sea level differences are as great as 20 cm and persist for many years. These large variations could induce major errors in calculations of the mean ocean flow when hydrographic sections from many years are combined. It appears possible, however, to correct for these wind-induced effects to allow the lower-frequency signals to be determined. The westernmost edge of our oceanic calculations is at the...
Reconstructing the geomorphic evolution of large coastal dunes along the southeastern shore of Lake Michigan

Abstract Coastal dunes are common along the eastern shore of Lake Michigan, with the most common being large (>30 m high), parabolic dunes that mantle lake terraces south of Manistee, MI. Although these dunes are an important resource in Michigan, and thus intensely managed by various state agencies, their geomorphic history is poorly understood. This study examines four sites near Holland, MI, through stratigraphic and radiocarbon analyses and is the most detailed geomorphic reconstruction conducted of coastal parabolic dunes in the region. Results from this study could benefit the environmental agencies in their management of the coastal dune ecosystem. Deposition of Eolian sand apparently began ∼5500 cal. years BP (i.e., during the Nipissing high stand). Most (∼75%) dune building occurred between ∼4000 and 2500 cal. years BP but was punctuated by brief periods of stability that resulted in the development of Entisols (A/C horizonation). Entisol burial occurred because the sand supply apparently increased during both the receding and rising lake levels. Subsequently, each dune stabilized for ∼2000 years, allowing the formation of Inceptisols (i.e., A/E/Bs/C horizonation). This interval of dune stability correlates with sites south of Holland and occurred while Lake Michigan fluctuated slowly and the beach potentially prograded. These combined variables of slow fluctuation and potential beach progradation hypothetically protected the dunes from wave erosion. Dunes near Holland became active again ∼1000–500 cal. years BP and grew both vertically and laterally. This activity intensified in the past 500 cal. years BP and hypothetically occurred due to recession of the lake shore such that wave erosion at the modern bluff base resumed. Results from this study indicate that coastal dunes along Lake Michigan are similar to many coastal dunes around the world, including those along the intermediate beaches in SE Australia.
The role of cumulative sexual trauma and difficulties identifying feelings in understanding female veterans' physical health outcomes.

Abstract Objective To examine the role of alexithymia (difficulties identifying one's emotions) in understanding the link between PTSD symptoms and negative health outcomes in sexually victimized female veterans. We hypothesized that having experienced multiple types of sexual trauma across the lifespan, experiencing greater severity of PTSD symptoms, and reporting difficulties in identifying emotions would be associated with increased negative health outcomes. Method Anonymous cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of 456 female veterans enrolled in a VA clinic within the prior year. Data collected included demographics, lifetime trauma exposure, psychological and medical symptoms, emotion recognition problems (alexithymia), health-risk behaviors, and health care utilization. Results A total of 57.5% of participants reported a lifetime history of sexual trauma. After controlling for sexual trauma history, PTSD symptoms, and other well-established predictors of health care utilization in the VA medical system such as pre-disposing, enabling and need-based factors, hierarchical regression analyses showed that alexithymia independently explained unique variance in participants' physical health complaints and in their odds of reporting at least one outpatient urgent care visit in the past year. Conclusions These data suggest that emotion recognition problems may contribute to poorer health outcomes in sexually traumatized women veterans beyond what is explained by sexual trauma exposure, health risk behaviors and PTSD. Psychological interventions that enhance emotion identification skills for women who have experienced sexual trauma could improve health perceptions and reduce need for acute health care.
NATIONAL TECHNOLOGY POLICY AND COMPUTER PRODUCTION IN ASIA-PACIFIC COUNTRIES

The relationship of technology policy to economic and industrial development has become a subject of debate between those who argue that market forces should determine how technology is produced and used and those who believe that government has a role in supporting investment in technology use and the development of high‐technology industries. This article looks at the effects of national technology policy in promoting the production of computer hardware and software in Asia‐Pacific countries during the 1980s. It also analyzes the relationship between various environmental factors and computer production and looks at the interaction between environment and policy. It finds three types of environmental factors associated with level of computer production: human resources, in the form of scientists and engineers; the presence of complementary industries, particularly electronics production; and expenditures on research and development. It also finds that hardware production is higher in countries with nati...
Age: An effect modifier of the association between allergic rhinitis and Otitis media with effusion.

Objectives/Hypothesis 1) To determine whether there is a significant relationship between allergic rhinitis and otitis media with effusion (OME), Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD), or tympanic membrane retraction (TMR) in children in a nationally representative population; and 2) to determine whether age is an effect modifier of any such association because this hypothesis has yet to be tested. Study Design Retrospective analysis of cross-sectional national databases with limited potential for referral bias. Setting and Subjects National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2005–2010. Methods Univariate, multivariate, stratified, and subgroup analyses were performed as defined a priori. The primary outcomes were OME, ETD, or TMR; the primary predictor variable was allergic rhinitis, with age evaluated as an effect modifier. Results Data representing 1,491,045,375 pediatric visits were examined and demonstrated that age was an effect modifier of the assessed association. More specifically, in children 6 years of age or older, the presence of allergic rhinitis significantly increased the odds of OME, ETD, or TMR (odds ratio [OR] 4.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.17, 8.09; P < 0.001), whereas in children less than 6 years of age there was no significant association (OR 1.13; 95% CI 0.53, 2.46; P = 0.745). Conclusion Age is an effect modifier of the association between allergic rhinitis and OME; a significant relationship is observed in children 6 years of age and older, whereas there is no significant association in younger children. Level of Evidence 2c. Laryngoscope, 126:1687–1692, 2016
Our changing view of the genomic landscape of cancer

Sporadic tumours, which account for the majority of all human cancers, arise from the acquisition of somatic, genetic and epigenetic alterations leading to changes in gene sequence, structure, copy number and expression. Within the last decade, the availability of a complete sequence-based map of the human genome, coupled with significant technological advances, has revolutionized the search for somatic alterations in tumour genomes. Recent landmark studies, which resequenced all coding exons within breast, colorectal, brain and pancreatic cancers, have shed new light on the genomic landscape of cancer. Within a given tumour type there are many infrequently mutated genes and a few frequently mutated genes, resulting in incredible genetic heterogeneity. However, when the altered genes are placed into biological processes and biochemical pathways, this complexity is significantly reduced and shared pathways that are affected in significant numbers of tumours can be discerned. The advent of next-generation sequencing technologies has opened up the potential to resequence entire tumour genomes to interrogate protein-encoding genes, non-coding RNA genes, non-genic regions and the mitochondrial genome. During the next decade it is anticipated that the most common forms of human cancer will be systematically surveyed to identify the underlying somatic changes in gene copy number, sequence and expression. The resulting catalogues of somatic alterations will point to candidate cancer genes requiring further validation to determine whether they have a causal role in tumourigenesis. The hope is that this knowledge will fuel improvements in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, based on the specific molecular alterations that drive individual tumours. In this review, I will provide a historical perspective on the identification of somatic alterations in the pre- and post-genomic eras, with a particular emphasis on recent pioneering studies that have provided unprecedented insights into the genomic landscape of human cancer.
The impact of test instrumentation with distributed processing capabilities on test program set (TPS) architecture and development

Modern digital interconnection methods have placed significant computational demands on computers controlling test systems, and adding dedicated computing resources for high performance digital test instrumentation to the test system can help meet these demands. This paper examines the impact of these additional computing resources on the design of a TPS, and proposes a software framework to assist developers in creating TPSs for multi-computer environments.
The influence of light on nitrogen cycling and the primary nitrite maximum in a seasonally stratified sea

In the seasonally stratified Gulf of Aqaba Red Sea, both NO � 2 release by phytoplankton and NH þ 4 oxidation by nitrifying microbes contributed to the formation of a primary nitrite maximum (PNM) over different seasons and depths in the water column. In the winter and during the days immediately following spring stratification, NO � 2 formation was strongly correlated (R 2 = 0.99) with decreasing irradiance and chlorophyll, suggesting that incomplete NO � 3 reduction by light limited phytoplankton was a major source of
Clonal Diversity in an Expanding Community of Arctic Salix spp. and a Model for Recruitment Modes of Arctic Plants

Rapid climate change in arctic environments is leading to a widespread expansion in woody deciduous shrub populations. However, little is known about the reproductive, dispersal, and establishment mechanisms associated with shrub expansion. It is assumed that harsh environmental conditions impose limitations on plant sexual reproduction in the Arctic, such that population survival and expansion is predominately a function of clonal recruitment. We present contrary evidence from microsatellite genetic data suggesting the prevalence of recruitment by seed. Further, we present a conceptual model describing modes of recruitment in relation to the abiotic environment. Climate change may be alleviating abiotic stress so that resources are available for more frequent recruitment by seed. Such changes have widespread implications for ecosystem structure and functioning, including species composition, wildlife habitat, biogeochemical cycling, and surface energy balance.
Host-associated Genetic Differentiation in Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): a Sibling Species Complex?

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is a major agricultural pest of many crops throughout its distribution in the Western Hemisphere. Its polyphagy has been attributed to a lack of dietary specialization. Results presented here suggest that this is not the case and that the fall armyworm is composed of genetically differentiated strains, each exhibiting different host specificity. At least two host strains exist, one that feeds on corn and another on rice and Bermuda grass. Collections from Bermuda grass in Louisiana and rice in Puerto Rico are genetically identical at 11 polymorphic enzyme loci and are significantly different from populations on corn in Puerto Rico and Louisiana at 5 loci. In a split progeny experiment in which offspring from the two host strains were reared on both corn and rice, the host plant upon which larvae fed had no influence on the genotype of survivors. Thus, genetic differences are not caused by feeding on the host plant but are inherent in the strains. If the two strains are determined to be reproductively isolated, as implicated by preliminary hybridization data, then at least two sibling species exist.
Quantifying Changes in Building Electricity Use, With Application to Demand Response

We present methods for analyzing commercial and industrial facility 15-min-interval electric load data. These methods allow building managers to better understand their facility's electricity consumption over time and to compare it to other buildings, helping them to “ask the right questions” to discover opportunities for demand response, energy efficiency, electricity waste elimination, and peak load management. We primarily focus on demand response. Methods discussed include graphical representations of electric load data, a regression-based electricity load model that uses a time-of-week indicator variable and a piecewise linear and continuous outdoor air temperature dependence and the definition of various parameters that characterize facility electricity loads and demand response behavior. In the future, these methods could be translated into easy-to-use tools for building managers.
Multi-view K-means clustering on big data

In past decade, more and more data are collected from multiple sources or represented by multiple views, where different views describe distinct perspectives of the data. Although each view could be individually used for finding patterns by clustering, the clustering performance could be more accurate by exploring the rich information among multiple views. Several multi-view clustering methods have been proposed to unsupervised integrate different views of data. However, they are graph based approaches, e.g. based on spectral clustering, such that they cannot handle the large-scale data. How to combine these heterogeneous features for unsupervised large-scale data clustering has become a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a new robust large-scale multi-view clustering method to integrate heterogeneous representations of largescale data. We evaluate the proposed new methods by six benchmark data sets and compared the performance with several commonly used clustering approaches as well as the baseline multi-view clustering methods. In all experimental results, our proposed methods consistently achieve superiors clustering performances.
Directional Stability of a Neutrally Buoyant Joukowsky Foil

We examine the directional stability of a two-dimensional neutrally buoyant foil in an ideal fluid. To take advantage of the greatest simplicities we consider a symmetric Joukowsky airfoil and use the method of images. J.N. Newman in Marine Hydrodynamics [1] states, “For a nonlifting body with a pointed tail ... the vessel is always unstable. This situation results from the destabilizing effect of the Munk moment; in general an elongated nonlifting body will be stable only when moving broadside to the flow. Directional stability of a streamlined body depends on a tail fin, as in the case of an arrow or wind vane.” While the Munk moment on an ellipse leads to broadside stability, it does not have a Kutta condition. This Kutta condition causes many challenges to the analysis and simple computations. A symmetric Joukowsky has a “tail fin” and it is a lifting body when inclined to the flow. Instability is prevalent for many cases. We show that the stability depends on how the Kutta condition and the wake are implemented and indicate how stability may be increased by mass redistribution or manipulation of body motion. We demonstrate this with some simple experimental demonstrations and computations.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Imperial Apocalypse: The Great War and the Destruction of the Russian Empire

More than a decade ago, Joshua Sanborn, author of Drafting the Russian Nation: Military Conscription, Total War, and Mass Politics, 1905–1925 (Dekalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2003), beg...
I: Ultra-Shallow Junction Cleaning: Metrology for Evaluating Dopant Loss and Substrate Erosion

We have investigated the use of Rs and SIMS measurements to quantify substrate erosion due to plasma ashing and subsequent wet cleaning in the creation of ultra-shallow junctions. The near-surface proximity of the implants makes them highly sensitive to various plasma and wet chemical processes. We also observed a dependency on the implant species, dose and energy that can be correlated to substrate damage incurred during implant.
Moral Symbols: A Necklace of Garlic against Unethical Requests

This paper investigates whether, by exposing superiors to moral symbols, subordinates can discourage their superiors from asking them to perform unethical acts. Findings from five laboratory studie...
Abstract 4999: Genome-wide methylation array of human prostate tissues using illumina infunium 450K bead chip reveals distinct DNA methylation signatures with potential as clinical predictors

Prostate cancer (PCa) harbors a myriad of aberrant genomic and epigenetic alterations. Epigenetic inactivation of genes in PCa is largely based on transcriptional silencing by aberrant CpG methylation of CpG rich promoter regions. Candidate gene-based studies have identified a handful of aberrant CpG DNA methylation events in PCa. To better understand the role of aberrant epigenetic alterations and identify biological pathways likely to be affected by methylation mediated alterations in gene expression in PCa, we have examined the methylation status of 450,000 (450K) cytosine microarray (illumina). The 450K microarray includes CpG islands/shores/shelves/open sea, non-coding RNA and sites surrounding the transcription start sites for coding genes, but also for the corresponding gene bodies and the 3′-UTR. We demonstrate that the 450k DNA methylation array can significantly detect CpG methylation changes in radical prostatectomy prostate tissue samples. Cluster analysis revealed distinct DNA methylation profiles for prostate cancer tissues in comparison with non-malignant tissues. A total of 225 CpG loci (p > 0.00049) showed differential methylation in the cancer tissues in comparison with non-malignant tissues. Each of the 225 CpG locus was validated in silico using an independent, publicly available methylome dataset from the Cancer Genome Atlas. The majority of these loci were informative particularly in the prostate cancer. Overall, cluster analysis showed gene set enriched in pathways including transcriptional modifications, apoptosis/autophagy, chromatin assembly, growth factor signaling, cell cycle regulation and oxidative-redox reaction. This study shows that CpG locus methylation arrays could reveal important biological differences in the epigenome between prostate cancer and non-malignant tissues and provide potential markers for disease detection and/or progression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4999. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4999
DYNAMICS OF A NOVEL CHROMOSOMAL POLYMORPHISM WITHIN A HYBRID ZONE BETWEEN TWO CHROMOSOME RACES OF THE SCELOPORUS GRAMMICUS COMPLEX (SAURIA, PHRYNOSOMATIDAE).

Several chromosome races of the mesquite lizard, Sceloporus grammicus complex, hybridize at localities in central Mexico. In most cases, the hybridizing populations are delineated by centric fissions at one or more of the macrochromosomes. One notable exception is the Tulancingo hybrid zone between the F5 and FM2 cytotypes. In addition to fission and/or inversion differences at chromosomes 1, 3, 4, and 6, these races differ by a complex rearrangement of chromosome 2, which carries the nucleolus-organizer region in this species. The meiotic consequences of heterozygosity at this chromosome were examined in males to assess the potential for this chromosome to contribute to the dynamics of the hybrid zone. Chromosomal analysis revealed several putative F1 hybrids and confirmed the production of nonparental chromosomal morphologies through recombination. Pachytene analysis revealed meiotic pairing difficulties associated with chromosome 2 in males heterozygous for the parental chromosomal morphologies. Significant aneuploidy is expected because of random disjunction of the chromosome-2 elements. As a result, these males likely suffer reduced fertiliity and fitness. In contrast, males heterozygous for recombinant chromosomal morphologies displayed low levels of meiotic irregularities and presumably exhibit higher fertility than individuals heterozygous for parental morphologies. It is hypothesized that the recombinant phenotypes facilitate gene flow between the F5 and FM2 cytotypes.
Activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients receiving subcutaneous interleukin-2 following autologous stem cell transplantation prolong survival of SCID mice bearing human lymphoma.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) after autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT) is being explored as a way of reducing relapse. To determine the immunostimulating effect of low-dose subcutaneous IL-2 following SCT, the in vitro and in vivo activity of patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) was studied. A predominantly natural killer (NK) lymphocytosis was induced and sustained throughout most of the IL-2 treatment period. The in vivo primed PBMNC had enhanced lytic activity against a variety of tumor targets. The in vitro cytotoxicity of in vivo IL-2-primed PBMNC could be increased further by overnight incubation in 1000 U/ml IL-2. The SU-DHL-4 B cell lymphoma xenotransplantation model was used as an in vivo system for testing the efficacy of cellular therapy. PBMNC obtained by apheresis from autografted patients that had received post-transplant IL-2 for 35–42 days were infused i.v. into SU-DHL-4 bearing C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Control mice died of disseminated lymphoma at a median of 35.2 days, while murine recipients of in vivo activated human PBMNC cells from IL-2-treated SCT patients survived significantly longer (58.2 days). The in vivo effect of human PBMNC on survival of tumor-bearing mice correlated well with their in vitro cytolytic activity as assessed by 51Cr release assays, indicating that the SCID SU-DHL-4 lymphoma model can be utilized reliably to test the efficacy of cellular therapy in vivo.
Encountering the Psychological Research Paradigm: How Buddhist Practice Has Fared in the Most Recent Phase of Its Western Migration

Does the power of Buddhist mindfulness practice diminish when it is adapted into forms suitable for psychological research and evidence-supported clinical practice? The answer, from the viewpoint of Buddhist scholarship and practice traditions, is a qualified “yes.” After a brief review of the migration of Buddhism across cultures and the methods and aims of Buddhist practice in the larger context of Buddhist teachings, this chapter traces the reasons for the unwillingness or inability of most research so far done to mine the full potential of Buddhist mindfulness practice to a divergence between some philosophical and methodological assumptions underlying the scientific endeavor, on the one hand, and those embraced by Buddhism, on the other. The assumptions that shape the research paradigm necessitate various requirements for any subject matter to be fit for being researched. These requirements are shown to marginalize or altogether rule out research, which would address the ontological inquiry that is at the heart of Buddhist mindfulness practice. These requirements also create a strong bias in favor of beginning-level mindfulness practice, which makes ignoring such ontological inquiry easier. How these biases and restrictions work in practice is illustrated in terms of the randomized controlled trial design, which sets the gold standard for research. A pathway forward is outlined which calls for suspension of some of the a priori restrictions and a return to the open stance of empiricism in which phenomena determine method of study rather than the other way round.
Tumors of the external ear and reconstruction of defects.

Cancer of the auditory system is primarily cancer of the auricle. The surgeon who would treat malignant tumors of the ear must consider the functional and esthetic qualities of the auricle, yet appreciate that cure is the primary objective of treatment. The ideal operation should have as high a cure rate as possible, yet leave an ear that looks and functions as near normal as possible.
Spin-Orbit-Coupled Correlated Metal Phase in Kondo Lattices: An Implementation with Alkaline-Earth Atoms

We show that an interplay between quantum effects, strong on-site ferromagnetic exchange interaction, and antiferromagnetic correlations in Kondo lattices can give rise to an exotic spin-orbit coupled metallic state in regimes where classical treatments predict a trivial insulating behavior. This phenomenon can be simulated with ultracold alkaline-earth fermionic atoms subject to a laser-induced magnetic field by observing dynamics of spin-charge excitations in quench experiments.
Deep brain stimulation for movement disorders

Chronic deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising technique for the treatment of movement disorders. Thalamic stimulation is now an established surgical procedure for parkinsonian and essential tremor. Pallidal and subthalamic stimulation are under active investigation as treatments for Parkinson's disease. Although high-frequency DBS at these sites has similar behavioral effects as lesioning, the physiologic mechanisms underlying the beneficial effect of DBS is not well understood and may be extremely complex. DBS offers a potential advantage over ablative therapy because stimulation-induced complications are reversible, and the stimulation parameters are adjustable to minimize complications and maximize therapeutic effects. With this added safety, bilateral stimulation or use of a stimulator following a prior procedure may be preferable to bilateral ablative procedures.
Pathologic evaluation of a new endoscopic ultrasound needle designed to obtain core tissue samples: A pilot study

Background and Objectives: Standard endoscopic ultrasound-fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) needles are in widespread use. Meaningful differences between the available needles have been difficult to identify. Recently, a new EUS needle (Shark Core®, Covidien, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland), has been introduced in an attempt to improve diagnostic accuracy, tissue yield, and to potentially obtain a core tissue sample. We performed a pilot study prospectively to evaluate this new needle when compared to a standard EUS-FNA needle. Materials and Methods: Analysis of the first 15 patients undergoing EUS-FNA with the Shark Core needle was performed and it was compared to EUS-FNA in 15 patients who underwent EUS-FNA with a standard needle. Results: The Shark Core needle required fewer needle passes to obtain diagnostic adequacy than the standard needle [(χ2(1) = 11.3, P < 0.001]. The Shark Core needle required 1.5 passes to reach adequacy, whereas the standard needle required three passes. For cases with cell blocks, the Shark Core needle produced diagnostic material in 85% of cases [95% confidence interval (CI): 54–98], whereas the standard needle produced diagnostic material in 38% of the cases (95% CI: 9-76). The Shark Core needle produced actual tissue cores 82% of the time (95% CI: 48–98) and the standard needle produced no tissue cores (95% CI: 0-71) (P = 0.03). Conclusion: This pilot study found that the Shark Core needle had a high rate of producing adequate cytologic material for the diagnosis of pancreatic and peri-pancreatic lesions sampled by EUS with fewer passes required to obtain a definitive diagnosis and with a high rate of tissue cores being obtained when compared to a standard FNA needle.
Treatment of Dupuytren’s Contracture in the Young

The term diathesis has been described and characterized by Hueston, referring to a certain subset of patients exhibiting characteristics of a more aggressive form of Dupuytren’s disease (Hueston, Eur Med Bibliogr 1:7–16, 1991). Initially defined components of Dupuytren’s diathesis included ethnicity, bilateral disease, positive family history, and ectopic fibromatosis. Male gender and age of onset <50 years were subsequently added factors for diathesis (Hindocha et al., J Hand Surg Am 31:1626–1634, 2006). In this chapter, treatment of three representative patient types is described: the young patient with widespread palmar disease, the young patient with isolated small joint contracture, and a young patient with a combination of the above. Dermofasciectomy, treatment through excision of diseased palmar fascia and full-thickness skin grafting (FTSG), is one surgical technique aimed to limit contracture recurrence. Longitudinal follow-up is offered for the case of dermofasciectomy in a right hand dominant female with early onset, widespread Dupuytren’s disease. Short-term results demonstrated marked improvement in range of motion and strength. Outcome at the 20-year time point, however, highlights the progressive, often relentless nature of the disease in the younger patients affected with Dupuytren’s. This chapter also describes a rare example of isolated ring finger distal interphalangeal joint involvement in a 23-year-old medical student treated with limited fasciectomy, primary closure, and K-wire stabilization of the DIPJ in extension. Finally, the case of a patient with radial-sided palmar disease and index finger interphalangeal joint contracture treated at multiple time points is reviewed to demonstrate the utility of a combined interventional approach as well as the aggressive nature of the disease in young people.
Monitoring and managing mental health in the wake of Ebola

Infectious disease continues to have dramatic effects on morbidity and mortality around the world. Few events could cause such loss of life and damage to livelihoods. As witnessed with the recent West African Ebola outbreak, raising alerts and identifying the outbreak in the community took too long. As a consequence local health systems were quickly overwhelmed. In addition, response at the international level proved slow and poorly coordinated. Rapid diagnostics, effective therapeutics, protective equipment, and a vaccine were all lacking. The crisis was however ultimately halted, thanks to a massive deployment of international resources in combination with the bravery and compassion of the medical staff, scientists, healthcare and aid workers on the ground. Despite this triumph, the lingering psychological sequalae of Ebola remain a significant public health challenge. The importance of mental health service delivery and policy implementation in addition to public health funding resources will prove integral in tackling this issue in the long run. With this in mind, adopting a political ecology approach towards health and disease will be crucial in order to depathologize the clinically significant mental distress related to Ebola.