cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Smoking topography and trajectory of asthmatic adolescents requesting cessation treatment

Background. Teenage smokers cite health concerns as their primary motivators for tobacco smoking cessation. Smoke exposure aggravates the clinical course of asthma, yet few reports have examined the association between asthma and smoking topography and trajectory. Methods. Before their enrollment in a smoking cessation trial, we assessed the smoking topography (i.e., puff volume, maximum puff velocity, puff duration, and interpuff interval) and smoking trajectory (i.e., age of first cigarette, age of daily smoking, time to treatment request, and prior quit attempts) in 30 self-reported asthmatic and 92 nonasthmatic tobacco-dependent teenagers (mean age, 15.2 ± 1.3 years, 28.7% African-American). Approximately one-half of asthmatics used prescribed medications for their asthma. Results. There was no significant difference in smoking topography or smoking trajectory variables between asthmatic and nonasthmatic adolescents, nor between medicated and nonmedicated asthma subgroups. Conclusions. Although tobacco smoking exacerbates asthmatic symptoms, these data suggest that age of smoking initiation, as well as smoking topography characteristics in asthmatic adolescents, does not differ from those of adolescents without asthma. These findings highlight the need for more effective health counseling of asthmatic youth regarding the physical and behavioral effects of smoking.
Expression of genes for alcohol and aldehyde metabolizing enzymes in mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos

Abstract Alcohols and aldehydes are metabolized primarily by alcohol (ADH) and aldehyde (ALDH) dehydrogenase isozymes. Although significant progress has been made towards understanding the involvement of these isozymes in the oxidation of alcohol and aldehydes in the body, it is not known how these compounds are handled during fertilization and preimplantation embryogenesis. In this study, reverse transcription and the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine which ADH and ALDH isozymes are expressed at the oocyte, zygote, morula, and blastocyst stages of preimplantation development in the mouse. Transcripts of β-actin and vimentin, assayed as controls, were detected at all stages, as well as Class III ADH (Adh-2) and Class 3 ALDH (Ahd-4), involved in the detoxification of formaldehyde and aromatic aldehydes, respectively. In contrast, transcripts for the major ethanol oxidizing isozyme, Class I ADH (Adh-1) was not detected during preimplantation development. Cytosolic retinol dehydrogenase (Adh-3) transcripts were marginally detected in oocytes and zygotes. The mRNA for cytosolic retinal dehydrogenase (Ahd-2), microsomal short-chain retinol dehydrogenases (RoDH Type I), and the mitochondrial low-Km acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (Ahd-5) only appeared as maternal transcripts. Microsomal ALDH (Ahd-3), which is induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), was not expressed until the blastocyst stage. ADH and ALDH enzyme systems may guard mouse preimplantation embryos against the toxic effects of industrial pollutants, such as formaldehyde and TCDD, as well as peroxidatic aldehydes generated during lipid peroxidation. The absence of enzymes to convert ethanol to acetaldehyde, coupled with oocyte expression of the acetaldehyde-degrading enzyme, Ahd-5, may be protective for the early embryo.
Modeling Shape-Memory Behavior of Polymers

Shape-memory behavior in polymers allows the material to undergo large controllable shape changes in response to a specific environmental stimulus. The shape-memory performance depends on the coordination of multiple physical mechanisms, and considerable opportunities exist to tailor the polymer structure and shape-memory programming procedure to achieve the desired performance. Because of the inherent complexity of the material response, theoretical and computational models provide efficient tools to explore different combinations of design options. They also provide an investigative platform to evaluate the importance of various physical mechanisms for the shape-memory response and determine the relationship between polymer properties and shape-memory performance. This article reviews recent advances in constitutive modeling of thermally induced and photo-induced shape-memory behavior in polymers.
Effects of multiple-pass filtering in lossless predictive compression of waveform data

Presents the effects of the predictive filtering of waveform data in multiple passes as the first stage of a two-stage lossless compression algorithm. Predictive compression has a proven track record when applied to high dynamic range waveform data, wherein the waveform data are input to a linear predictor or perhaps an adaptive predictor for decorrelation, and the resultant residue is then subjected to an entropy coder to (ideally) represent the signal with a minimum number of bits. This compression is commonly applied with no loss of information. In this work, an adaptive filter is used for prediction, but instead of a single run through the predictor, the residue is continually passed back through the predictor in an attempt to further decorrelate the residue. Multiple passes of a gradient adaptive lattice filter has given the best decorrelation, yielding improved compression ratios. We run the compression technique on a seismic database, then provide some comparative lossless compression results using several coding schemes and show that using multiple-pass predictive filtering can improve the compression rates attainable.
Rapid Theory Prototyping: An Example of an Aviation Task

We present our experience using CogTool, a tool originally designed for ease of use and learning by non-psychologist design practitioners, as a means for rapid theory exploration. We created seven iterations of a “model prototype” of an aviation task where each iteration produced errors that pointed to additional theory or device knowledge that should be incorporated to prevent those errors. This theory and knowledge was put into the next iteration by modifying the mock-up of the device, not by changing the implementation of the underlying cognitive model. This trick allowed us to rapidly change theory and knowledge and understand what must eventually migrate to the underlying cognitive model to provide general support for predictions of novice behavior in multi-step procedures with complex devices.
Integrating molecular thermodynamics and systems biology to improve the cellular effectiveness of antisense oligonucleotides

Antisense oligonucleotides (AS ONs) are a powerful means to inhibit the expression of specific genes, but their effectiveness is limited by factors including cellular delivery, biochemical attack, and poor binding to target. We have developed a systems model of the processes required for an antisense oligonucleotide to be successfully delivered and to exert activity in a cell. The model demonstrates a sensitive dependence of the extent of gene expression inhibition on the binding rate for the ON-mRNA interaction. We have focused on the binding event and developed a molecular thermodynamic model based on ON and mRNA folding that predicts accurately the affinity of ON-mRNA binding, and we have observed experimentally that affinity correlates directly with binding rate for these species. Most importantly, we have found that the model successfully selects those ONs that are most successful in cell culture. Taken together, these tools may help accelerate the development of this promising technology.
Scaling physics and material science applications on a massively parallel Blue Gene/L system

Blue Gene/L represents a new way to build supercomputers, using a large number of low power processors, together with multiple integrated interconnection networks. Whether real applications can scale to tens of thousands of processors (on a machine like Blue Gene/L) has been an open question. In this paper, we describe early experience with several physics and material science applications on a 32,768 node Blue Gene/L system, which was installed recently at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Our study shows some problems in the applications and in the current software implementation, but overall, excellent scaling of these applications to 32K nodes on the current Blue Gene/L system. While there is clearly room for improvement, these results represent the first proof point that MPI applications can effectively scale to over ten thousand processors. They also validate the scalability of the hardware and software architecture of Blue Gene/L.
An Airplane Design having a Wing with Fuselage Attached to Each Tip

This paper describes the conceptual design of an airplane having a low aspect ratio wing with fuselages that are attached to each wing tip. The concept is proposed for a high-capacity transport as an alternate to progressively increasing the size of a conventional transport design having a single fuselage with cantilevered wing panels attached to the sides and tail surfaces attached at the rear. Progressively increasing the size of conventional single body designs may lead to problems in some area's such as manufacturing, ground-handling and aerodynamic behavior. A limited review will be presented of some past work related to means of relieving some size constraints through the use of multiple bodies. Recent low-speed wind-tunnel tests have been made of models representative of the inboard-wing concept. These models have a low aspect ratio wing with a fuselage attached to each tip. Results from these tests, which included force measurements, surface pressure measurements, and wake surveys, will be presented herein.
Drosophila myoblast city Encodes a Conserved Protein That Is Essential for Myoblast Fusion, Dorsal Closure, and Cytoskeletal Organization

The Drosophila myoblast city (mbc) locus was previously identified on the basis of a defect in myoblast fusion (Rushton et al., 1995. Development [Camb.]. 121:1979–1988). We describe herein the isolation and characterization of the mbc gene. The mbc transcript and its encoded protein are expressed in a broad range of tissues, including somatic myoblasts, cardial cells, and visceral mesoderm. It is also expressed in the pole cells and in ectodermally derived tissues, including the epidermis. Consistent with this latter expression, mbc mutant embryos exhibit defects in dorsal closure and cytoskeletal organization in the migrating epidermis. Both the mesodermal and ectodermal defects are reminiscent of those induced by altered forms of Drac1 and suggest that mbc may function in the same pathway. MBC bears striking homology to human DOCK180, which interacts with the SH2-SH3 adapter protein Crk and may play a role in signal transduction from focal adhesions. Taken together, these results suggest the possibility that MBC is an intermediate in a signal transduction pathway from the rho/rac family of GTPases to events in the cytoskeleton and that this pathway may be used during myoblast fusion and dorsal closure.
Permeability of Laminated Green Ceramic Tapes as a Function of Binder Loading

The gas permeability of laminated green ceramic tapes was determined versus organic loading for samples subjected to air oxidation. The dielectric in the tapes was barium titanate, and the binder consisted primarily of poly(vinyl butyral) and dioctyl phthalate. Both the normalized gas flux and the gas permeability were seen to approach constant values for five or more tapes laminated together. Because the characteristic pore size was 0.5–1 μm, Poiseuille flow was the dominant flow mechanism, and thus Darcy's law was valid. The permeability of five laminated tapes was a factor of five smaller than for unlaminated tapes. Values were also obtained for the permeability versus binder loading in terms of the microstructural features of specific surface, porosity, and a parameter to account for tortuosity and constrictions.
The efficacy of grape seed extract, citric acid and lactic acid on the inactivation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shucked oysters

The efficacy of grape seed extract (GE), citric acid (CA) or lactic acid (LA) on the inactivation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shucked oysters was studied. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of GE, CA or LA against V. parahaemolyticus in TSB-1% NaCl was also determined. The shucked oysters were artificially inoculated with V. parahaemolyticus, the inoculated shucked oysters (25 g) were then dipped in solution of GE (0.0, 10.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100, 200, 300 and 500 mg mL−1), CA (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100, 200 and 300 mg mL−1) or LA (0.0, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100 and 150 mg mL−1) for 10 min. The population of V. parahaemolyticus in shucked oysters was determined. The MICs of GE, CA or LA against V. parahaemolyticus were 10.0, 5.0 or 1.0 mg mL−1, respectively. A 500, 300 or 150 mg mL−1 GE, CA or LA solutions were needed to reduce the population of V. parahaemolyticus to below the detection level (1.0 log g−1) in shucked oysters.
Calcium activates two types of potassium channels in rat hippocampal neurons in culture

Several calcium-dependent potassium currents can contribute to the electrophysiological properties of neurons. In hippocampal pyramidal cells, 2 afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs) are mediated by different calcium-activated potassium currents. First, a rapidly activated current contributes to action-potential repolarization and the fast AHP following individual action potentials. In addition, a slowly developing current underlies the slow AHP, which occurs after a burst of action potentials and contributes substantially to the spike- frequency accommodation observed in these cells during a prolonged depolarizing current pulse. In order to investigate the single Ca2(+)- dependent channels that might underlie these currents, we performed patch-clamp experiments on hippocampal neurons in primary culture. When excised inside-out patches were exposed to 1 microM Ca2+, 2 types of channel activity were observed. In symmetrical bathing solutions containing 140 mM K+, the channels had conductances of 19 pS and 220 pS, and both were permeable mainly to potassium ions. The properties of these 2 channels differed in a number of ways. At negative membrane potentials, the small-conductance channels were more sensitive to Ca2+ than the large channels. At positive potentials, the small-conductance channels displayed a flickery block by Mg2+ ions on the cytoplasmic face of the membrane. Low concentrations of tetraethylammonium (TEA) on the extracellular face of the membrane specifically caused an apparent reduction of the large-channel conductance. The properties of the large- and small-conductance channels are in accord with those of the fast and slow AHP, respectively.
Molecular dynamics simulation of sputtering from a cylindrical track: EAM versus pair potentials

Molecular dynamics simulations implementing the thermal spike model for sputtering by energetic particle bombardment are performed for a gold target represented with a many-body embedded atom method (EAM) potential. A linear dependence of sputtering yield on the effective energy deposition is observed over a broad range of sufficiently high excitation energies, suggesting that the conclusions of earlier simulations performed with pair potentials have a general character and are not sensitive to the choice of interatomic potential. At the same time, significant differences in cluster ejection are observed between the simulations performed with EAM and pair potentials. Clusters constitute a much larger fraction of the total yield in the EAM simulations, which is related to the environmental dependence of the interatomic interaction in metals that is correctly reproduced by EAM potential. An apparent disagreement between the analytical thermal spike model and its implementation in MD simulations cannot be attributed to the choice of interatomic potential but reflects a difference in the ejection mechanisms. Thermally activated evaporation from the surface is assumed in the analytical thermal spike model, whereas prompt ejection from a relatively deep part of the excited region and fast non-diffusive cooling of the spike region takes place in MD simulations.
Effects of caregiver-child interactions on play occupations among young children institutionalized in Eastern Europe.

OBJECTIVE. We investigated whether children institutionalized in an orphanage would engage in more developmentally competent play with their caregivers as opposed to playing alone and whether specific qualities of caregiver�child interactions were associated with more developmentally competent play. METHOD. Twenty-six children, ages 10 to 38 months, participated in independent play sessions and in a play session with a caregiver. Interrater reliability for coding play performance was established using the weighted kappa statistic (M = .82). Twelve pediatric experts rated both child and caregiver behaviors for the interactive sessions (mean effective reliability with intraclass correlations = .89). RESULTS. The children demonstrated more developmentally competent play when interacting with a caregiver than when playing alone, t (25) = -1.88, p = .04, one-tailed. The effect size was moderate (d = .53). Longer periods of institutionalization were associated with less improvement in play performance from independent to interactive play sessions (r = -.51, p = .01). Successful engagement for the child was associated with having a caregiver who provided more structure and assistance and who was directive and encouraging (r = .82, .75, .75, and .64, respectively). CONCLUSION. Caregivers facilitated more developmentally competent participation in play with children residing in an orphanage, despite the fact that these interactions occurred in an environment vulnerable to many challenges not typical of an exclusive caregiver�child relationship. Findings are discussed in the context of environmental challenges and occupational therapy practice
Evening Dosing of Antihypertensive Therapy to Reduce Cardiovascular Events: A Third Type of Evidence Based on a Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Trials

Nighttime blood pressure strongly predicts cardiovascular events (CVEs). Further, a preliminary trial has shown decreased CVEs from evening vs morning dosing of antihypertensive therapy. Is there additional evidence for evening dosing? The authors systematically classified all hypertension trials as evening dosing trials (EDTs) or usual dosing trials (UDTs). Meta-analyses provided standardized hazard ratios for CVEs for EDTs (HREDT s ) and UDTs (HRUDT s ). HREDT s /HRUDT s gave the relative risk (RR) from evening vs usual dosing. Among 175 trials, 5 EDTs were discovered. The RR for CVEs (95% confidence limits) from evening vs usual dosing was 0.63 (0.43-0.92; P=.016). After adjustment for drug class, the RR was 0.54 (0.34-0.85; P=.008). Unlike other EDTs, the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) study administered its entire antihypertensive dose prior to sleep and gave the greatest risk reduction. This study provides a third type of evidence suggesting a beneficial effect from evening dosing of antihypertensive therapy. Head-to-head, multicenter trials are needed to test this strategy.
A Document Page Classification Algorithm in Copy Pipeline

This paper describes a real-time, strip-based, low-complexity document page classification algorithm, which can be used as a copy mode selector in the copy pipeline. The benefits of such a copy mode selector include improving copy quality, simplifying user interaction, and increasing copy rate.
Delayed Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Analysis

This investigation sought to characterize the syndrome of severe delayed postpartum hemorrhage. We defined the syndrome as hemorrhage requiring hospitalization and/or surgical intervention, occurring after the patients' initial hospital discharge. We evaluated hospital admissions to two tertiary institutions. During a 10-year period, 113 women (57,089 deliveries) suffered severe delayed postpartum hemorrhage. The incidence of the syndrome was 0.2% of deliveries. The mean time of presentation of delayed hemorrhage was 18 days post-delivery. However, 11% of bleeding began 6 weeks or more after delivery. Curettage was an effective management, with successful resolution of symptoms in 91 of 99 patients. Histologic examination of curettage material demonstrated retained products of conception in 55% of cases; 35% of patients required transfusion. Pre-existing medical diseases were not associated with postpartum bleeding. The only predisposing cause was postpartum hemorrhage that had occurred at delivery (22 pa...
Telemedicine Expanding the Scope of Health Care Information

The definition of health information is growing to include multimedia audio, video, and high-resolution still images. This article describes the telemedicine program at East Carolina University School of Medicine, including the telemedicine applications presently in use and the virtual reality applications currently under development' Included are the major design criteria that shape the telemedicine network some of the lessons learned in developing the network, and a discussion of the future of telemedicine, including efforts to incorporate telemedicine within a fully integrated health information system.
Turning the Prophetic into Civil Religion: Barack Obama's March 4, 2007 Sermon in Selma, Alabama

This essay analyzes Barack Obama’s March 4, 2007 sermon in Selma, Alabama that helped to position his candidacy for president in relationship to the civil rights movement. I argue that Obama’s sermon helped to move black theology from its prophetic orientation to serve the model of radiant whiteness that black liberation theologian James Cone attributes to U.S. civil religion.
Clinical adherence to thrombophilia screening guidelines at a major tertiary care hospital

UNLABELLED Essentials Thrombophilia screening has significantly increased but has limited clinical utility. We evaluated the positive rate of thrombophilia screening and adherence to published guidelines. Both the positive rate for thrombophilia screening and the adherence to guidelines were low. Guidance implementation is essential to improve current thrombophilia screening practice. SUMMARY Background Thrombophilia screening is widely performed but provides limited clinical utility in managing patients predisposed to venous thromboembolism. Although guidelines to limit testing have been published, adherence to those guidelines in the outpatient clinical setting has not been assessed. Objective To evaluate outpatient thrombophilia screening practices at a tertiary academic medical center. Methods We performed a retrospective review of the electronic medical records and a computational analysis of thrombophilia tests collected during a 3-year period (August 2010 to June 2013) at a large teaching hospital. Our primary outcome measures were positive diagnostic yield for thrombophilia and clinician adherence to published thrombophilia screening guidelines in the outpatient setting. Results and Conclusions We found a positive diagnostic yield of 13.8% (95% confidence interval 12.3% to 15.3%) for outpatient thrombophilia screening at our institution. Of the screening tests requiring a second confirmatory assay for definitive diagnosis, only 12% (95% confidence interval 10.3% to 13.7%) were appropriately obtained. We also observed that 73% of patients in our electronic medical record review were inappropriately tested based on existing screening guideline criteria. When parsed by specialty, we identified that hematologists had a higher adherence rate to guideline criteria than do physicians from other specialties. Our study confirms low adherence to thrombophilia screening guidelines across disciplines and indicates the need for continued clinician education.
Review: Novel treatment strategies targeting alpha‐synuclein in multiple system atrophy as a model of synucleinopathy

Neurodegenerative disorders with alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation (synucleinopathies) include Parkinson's disease (PD), PD dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Due to the involvement of toxic α-syn aggregates in the molecular origin of these disorders, developing effective therapies targeting α-syn is a priority as a disease-modifying alternative to current symptomatic treatments. Importantly, the clinical and pathological attributes of MSA make this disorder an excellent candidate as a synucleinopathy model for accelerated drug development. Recent therapeutic strategies targeting α-syn in in vivo and in vitro models of MSA, as well as in clinical trials, have been focused on the pathological mechanisms of α-syn synthesis, aggregation, clearance, and/or cell-to-cell propagation of its neurotoxic conformers. Here we summarize the most relevant approaches in this direction, with emphasis on their potential as general synucleinopathy modifiers, and enumerate research areas for potential improvement in MSA drug discovery.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Right Ventricular Function in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Community-Based Study”

We thank Dr Guazzi for his interest in and insightful comments about our study of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction.1 We agree that tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), like any method of cardiac shortening (LV ejection fraction, RV ejection fraction, etc), is load dependent and influenced by RV afterload, a parameter related to but inadequately reflected by pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP). To address these limitations, we adjusted all analyses of the prognostic implications of RV dysfunction (by TAPSE …
Assisting FARS Research Capabilities of Students: A Preliminary Study

This research was undertaken to address the question of whether students with a list of potentially relevant terms would be in a better position to develop queries for use in the FARS database. Students were tested, in class, on the use of FARS as a research tool. Students were given two research questions. One included just a fact pattern. The other included a fact pattern and a listing of terms. There were only two instances that were found to be statistically significant: One group of students did significantly better in identifying the correct pronouncement when given a list of potential terms and significantly more students were able to at least identify the correct pronouncement for the second question when given a list of potential terms. This may be due to the nature of the question. Participant's comments indicated that they thought having the list was helpful.
Industrial Control System Network Intrusion Detection by Telemetry Analysis

Until recently, industrial control systems (ICSs) used “air-gap” security measures, where every node of the ICS network was isolated from other networks, including the Internet, by a physical disconnect. Attaching ICS networks to the Internet benefits companies and engineers who use them. However, as these systems were designed for use in the air-gapped security environment, protocols used by ICSs contain little to no security features and are vulnerable to various attacks. This paper proposes an approach to detect the intrusions into network attached ICSs by measuring and verifying data that is transmitted through the network but is not inherently the data used by the transmission protocol—network telemetry. Using simulated PLC units, the developed IDS was able to achieve 94.3 percent accuracy when differentiating between machines of an attacker and engineer on the same network, and 99.5 percent accuracy when differentiating between attacker and engineer on the Internet.
Gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) egg mass distribution and sampling in a residential setting

The spatial distribution of gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), egg masses was determined in 60 developed lots in a residential community in Greenbelt, Md. The community was divided into low and high gypsy moth density sections, with average densities of 393.3 and 2,656.3 egg masses per ha, respectively. In the high-density lots, the proportion of egg masses found on trees, man made objects, and houses was 73.9, 21.6, and 4.5%, respectively. The distribution in the low density lots was similar. Oaks, Quercus spp., received the highest proportion of egg masses out of all tree species subcategories at both low and high population densities. The cost effectiveness of a number of potential sampling units, including entire lots, back yards, fixed area plots, and individual trees, was evaluated. The entire lot sampling units required the fewest samples to achieve a predetermined level of precision. However, cost (= sampling time) for these sampling units was also the highest, resulting in relatively low cost effectiveness. Fixed-area plot samples (0.01 ha) were in general the most cost effective sampling units. A binomial (presence-absence) sampling approach, in which the percentage of trees in each lot with >5 egg masses is determined, was nearly as cost effective as fixed-area plots, but its usefulness is limited because it does not provide direct estimates of absolute gypsy moth population density.
CD-REST: a system for extracting chemical-induced disease relation in literature

Mining chemical-induced disease relations embedded in the vast biomedical literature could facilitate a wide range of computational biomedical applications, such as pharmacovigilance. The BioCreative V organized a Chemical Disease Relation (CDR) Track regarding chemical-induced disease relation extraction from biomedical literature in 2015. We participated in all subtasks of this challenge. In this article, we present our participation system Chemical Disease Relation Extraction SysTem (CD-REST), an end-to-end system for extracting chemical-induced disease relations in biomedical literature. CD-REST consists of two main components: (1) a chemical and disease named entity recognition and normalization module, which employs the Conditional Random Fields algorithm for entity recognition and a Vector Space Model-based approach for normalization; and (2) a relation extraction module that classifies both sentence-level and document-level candidate drug–disease pairs by support vector machines. Our system achieved the best performance on the chemical-induced disease relation extraction subtask in the BioCreative V CDR Track, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed machine learning-based approaches for automatic extraction of chemical-induced disease relations in biomedical literature. The CD-REST system provides web services using HTTP POST request. The web services can be accessed from http://clinicalnlptool.com/cdr. The online CD-REST demonstration system is available at http://clinicalnlptool.com/cdr/cdr.html. Database URL: http://clinicalnlptool.com/cdr; http://clinicalnlptool.com/cdr/cdr.html
On the Timing of Real Estate Mutual Funds across Market Cycles

The timing ability of real estate mutual fund managers over market cycles in both the real estate sector and the broader economy from 1990 through 2009 is investigated. Results indicate that real e...
Expression of NT-3 Protein in Ganglia Cells in the Congenital Intestinal Atresia

Objective To evaluate the distribution of ganglia cells in congenital intestinal atresia and discuss the clinical significance.Methods Immunohistochemical analysis of NT-3protein in small bowel samples from patients with congenital intestinal atresia (n=15)and normal intestinal(n=6)was performed.Results The expression of NT-3protein in the myenteric plexuses neurons in small bowel atresia of sick children was significantly lower than those in the controls (t' =9.90,P0.05).Conclusions The postoperative dysfunction of gut ,after primary anastomosis in intestinal atresia was related to decrease of ganglial cells and nerve trunk turned into thin in the myenteric plexus of intestinal wall.
The overall implementation of electric measurement standardization building

The electric measurement standardization building which is the base of marketing modernlization construction,must depend on related laws and correlation standards. Some existing electric measurement standards lag behind the development electric power, the reform of the electric system and technical advancement of the electric measurement. Its validity and authority is faced with new challenges. In this paper, the importance of the electric measurement standard building is firstly analyzed for the management of the production and operation of electric power enterprise as well as the society requirements. Then the way of overall implementation of electric measurement standardization building and main points of the work in the next period by the State Grid Corporation are introduced.
Beyond test performance: a broader view of stereotype threat

Stereotype threat is the ‘social psychological threat that arises when one is in a situation or doing something for which a negative stereotype about one's group applies’ [ 1 ]. Although much of the research on stereotype threat has focused on how stereotype threat affects test performance, its original conception described a broader and more general phenomenon. In this article we review stereotype threat research, taking a broader view on threat beyond the realm of test performance, focusing on its antecedents (e.g., environmental stereotype cues) and consequences (e.g., effects on interracial interaction). Interventions have also focused primarily on improving or preserving test performance, indicating the need for interventions that address the broader consequences of threat.
Research on Artificial Society Model of Resources Support Capacity

Multi-agent model is a kind of dynamic research method on complex system of ecology,society and economy.The social economy system is a kind of complex system composed with diverse types and large numbers of economical individuals,the complicate mutual action among agents displays some characteristic that single agent does not have.Based on multi-agent artificial social modeling,improved primitive Sugarscape model in legacy succession and offspring's development,draw support from REPAST software platform,research the support function on different quantity population under the fixed resources,obtain data of the wealth of society,individual living standard and the social welfare vary with population,obtain the enlightenment of economics from its curve.
Studies of controlled reperfusion after ischemia. XX. Reperfusate composition: detrimental effects of initial asanguineous cardioplegic washout after acute coronary occlusion.

This study tests whether initial asanguineous washout of potentially toxic substances that accumulate during ischemia improves recovery produced by blood cardioplegic reperfusion and evaluates the role of plasma versus whole blood cardioplegia. Methods: Twenty-four dogs underwent 2 hours of occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and 20 minutes of blood cardioplegic reperfusion on total vented bypass. In 13 dogs, a 5-minute infusion of either a crystalloid (n = 7) or plasma (n = 6) cardioplegic solution (containing the same pH, calcium potassium, and osmolarity as blood cardioplegia) was given immediately before reoxygenation with blood cardioplegia. Regional oxygen uptake and coronary vascular resistance were measured during controlled reperfusion, and segmental shortening (ultrasonic crystals), tissue water content, and histochemical damage (triphenyltetrazolium chloride stain) were assessed 1 hour after bypass was discontinued. Results: Asanguineous cardioplegic washout before reoxygenation with blood cardioplegic solution resulted in a progressive (+42%) increase in coronary vascular resistances (from 123 to 176 units, p
Residual hermite normal form computations

This paper extends the class of Hermite normal form solution procedures that use modulo determinant arithmetic. Given any relatively prime factorization of the determinant value, integral congruence relations are used to compute the Hermite normal form. A polynomial-time complexity bound that is a function of the length of the input string exists for this class of procedures. Computational results for this new approach are given.
Contextual Router: Advancing Experience Oriented Networking to the Home

In a home network, there are multiple users each running different applications interacting with the network. To enhance the experience of each user, prioritization of various network applications is important. Previous solutions to this problem assigned priorities in a static manner. Even though there has been some efforts to assign priorities dynamically, these solutions only used interactivity of the application to prioritize traffic. We present Contextual Router, which achieves better prioritization by detecting all the flows generated in a home network and assigning priorities in a dynamic manner using various features of flows collected from each user's machine.
SOME CONTEXTUAL PROBLEMS OF SCIENCE INDICATORS

This chapter deals with four aspects of science indicators when used in particular contexts. The first aspect is the classification systems used in input indicators for science. Such a system needs to be multidimensional and needs to convert a continuum to discrete categories. Faults like imprecise wording, omission or merging of dimensions, inadequate bin boundaries, vagueness in the affiliation percentages are discussed. The second aspect is a practical system for assessing science and technology in developing countries. A procedure is outlined for formulating such a system, including specifying the aims, delimiting the system, choosing indicators, and then interpreting the results. The third aspect is bibliometric indicators for science generated in the developing countries. The question of what to include in a database is discussed, and specific operational recommendations are made. Finally, assessment methods are discussed for areas of Big Science close to the limits of perceptibility, when the normal scientific method falters.
Spurious Awareness in the Wine Industry

This study is based on an experiment by Oxtoby-Smith Inc., a New York based market research firm. Consumers were reported to be knowledgeable about a number of products/brands that actually did not exist. This study focuses on reassessing the risk of spurious awareness among wine consumers.
Prediction of survival using absolute lymphocyte count for newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma

7605 Background: In the setting of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in multiple myeloma (MM), it has been shown that peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) on day 15 is an inde...
New Indigenous Literatures in the Making: A Contribution to Decoloniality

Arias argues that some decolonial theorists and their versions of decoloniality react against diverse theoretical articulations of coloniality and invoke ancestral principles and historic struggles of indigenous peoples to disrupt, transgress, and traverse Western thinking without including, citing, framing, or recognizing indigenous theorists or perspectives at a time when a diversity of paradigms and methods are developing to frame Latin American indigeneities. Arias emphasizes how indigenous decolonial issues are framed and emerge from both contemporary indigenous narratives and indigenous theorists already working on these issues, blurring those invisible walls separating Western epistemologies from indigenous ones. Borrowing elements of Western theoretical corpus is possible as long as it does not recolonize indigenous knowledge but contributes to furthering the transition away from hegemonically sealed Western-centered teleologies.
Endogenous Social Networks from Large-Scale Agent-Based Models

We present a parallel computational method for generating endogenous social networks from large-scale simulation data from the Chicago Social Interaction Model (chiSIM). The model scope aims to simulate the population of the entire city of Chicago which includes approximately 2.9 million discrete individuals. Generated person collocation networks contain more than 106 person nodes and more than 109 collocation edges. Analysis of such network structure can be challenging when applied to urban scale population data due to their size. A parallel logging implementation is described that records person activity data via an agent-based model. The social network generation method is demonstrated on a distributed compute cluster. The person collocation network analysis and visualization obtained via the parallel methodology provides previously unreported characterizations of simulated large-scale urban social network structure.
One of the Largest Pancreatic Pseudocysts in the Literature: A Case Report

The pancreatic pseudocyst is a pancreatic fluid collection which classically develops due to acute or chronic pancreatitis. A 68-year-old male with the remote history of alcohol abuse presented with abdominal pain secondary to acute pancreatitis. The first computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed acute necrotizing pancreatitis. He was initially treated conservatively. Repeat CT of the abdomen after two weeks revealed a peripancreatic fluid collection of 20x12x10 cm. One month later, he became septic following biliary stent placement. Repeat CT of the abdomen showed an enlarging pseudocyst of 25x20x14 cm (estimated 7000 mL of fluid). Percutaneous CT-guided cyst drainage was performed and only three liters of infected fluid could be drained which eventually grew Enterococcus faecalis. Due to lack of improvement, he underwent laparotomy with pancreatic necrosectomy, pseudocyst debridement, and cholecystectomy. The patient did well postoperatively and until one-year follow-up visit. The largest pancreatic pseudocyst in the literature (about 9500 mL) was reported in 1882. To our knowledge, this case is the second largest pseudocyst in the literature which was successfully managed by surgical resection.
The Development of a Measure of Perceived Organizational Innovativeness

This paper presents the results of the development of a self-report measure of perceived organizational innovativeness (PORGI). The 25-item instrument was found to have excellent reliability, and c...
Perinatal morbidity and mortality in substance using families: effects and intervention strategies.

The epidemic of drug abuse has overwhelmed men, women and children and caused incalculable damage to an honoured structure in human civilization - the family. Moreover, during the past decade, increasing numbers of pregnant drug-dependent women have been presenting themselves to medical facilities, some to receive ongoing prenatal care, but others only to deliver their babies with - out the benefit of any medical services. The present chapter reviews the current literature, as well as the experiences of the author, with regard to the sociomedical characteristics of pregnant, drug -dependent women. The effects of substances of abuse on pregnancy, the foetus and the newborn with respect to morbidity and mortality are presented. Recommendations for management of both the pregnant drug -dependent women and her child, on the basis of clinical research, are also outlined. Although overall medical advances have escalated during the past three decades, there is still much to learn with regard to the effects of drugs of abuse upon families. Moreover, methods of prevention and treatment still need consider- able study. By re-evaluating the areas of strength and weakness in the body of available knowledge, future research will be able to enhance the ability to help those unfortunate families that are effected by substance abuse.
The effects of the botanical estrogen, isoliquiritigenin on delayed spatial alternation.

Abstract Age-related declines in cognitive function can impair working memory, reduce speed of processing, and alter attentional resources. In particular, menopausal women may show an acceleration in the rate of cognitive decline as well as an increased vulnerability to brain diseases as estrogens may play a neuroprotective and neurotrophic role in the brain. To treat menopausal symptoms, many women turn to botanical estrogens that are promoted as a safe and natural alternative to traditional hormone replacement therapy. However, the majority of these compounds have not been systematically evaluated for efficacy and safety. The current study investigated the efficacy of the commercially available botanical estrogenic compound isoliquiritigenin (ISL) to alter performance on an operant working memory task, delayed spatial alternation (DSA). ISL is a compound found in licorice root that has been shown to have a wide range of effects on different biological systems, including estrogenic properties. This botanical is currently being used in over the counter dietary supplements. Middle-aged (12-month old) Long-Evans female rats were ovariectomized and orally dosed with either 0 mg, 6 mg, 12 mg or 24 mg of ISL 60 min before testing on the DSA task. The DSA task required the rat to alternate its responses between two retractable levers in order to earn food rewards. Random delays of 0, 3, 6, 9 or 18 s were imposed between opportunities to press. ISL treatment failed to alter DSA performance. Previous work from our research group has found that estrogenic compounds, including 17β-estradiol and the botanical estrogen genistein impair performance on the DSA task. The goal of our botanical estrogens research is to find compounds that offer some of the beneficial effects of estrogen supplementation, without the harmful effects. This work suggests that ISL may not carry the cognitive risks associated with most other estrogenic compounds tested to date.
Sparse representation based classification performance under different optimization forms for face recognition

Sparse representation-based classification (SRC) has become one of the most powerful methods for robust face recognition. However, there are some limitations of SRC performance at the presence of noise, occlusion, and illumination variation problems, which make it unstable. Therefore, we investigate the performance of SRC under different data conditions by applying the most powerful optimization methods based on SRC and focusing on the corrections between data samples and the sparseness. For evaluation, we utilize several challenging face datasets that include diversity of illumination and occlusion conditions.
"Controlling the Demons Within: Managing Conflict Within Selves, Teams, and Organizations"

Research on conflict management typically seeks to promote conflict resolution between parties. However, more often than not, conflicts occur within, rather than between, parties. In this symposium...
The SiO and CS Emission in the Molecular Outflow toward L1157

We present observational studies of the molecular outflow associated with the Class 0 young stellar object toward L1157. The CO emission shows a well-collimated bipolar morphology with rich structure. In addition to the extended emission, the CO gas is found in clumps in the vicinity of the near-infrared H2 emission. The SiO emission is seen in six prominent condensations, three on each side of the protostar. They appear to be in three pairs; each pair aligns well with the exciting star. The CS emission imaged toward the blueshifted outflow is well collimated and presents a bow-shaped structure coincident with the SiO and H2. A comparison of the outflow in different tracers suggests that the molecular gas is entrained at the head of an underlying jet. The jet seems to be episodic and shows signs of deceleration as it ploughs through the dense core.