cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Timing of Thromboembolic Events after the Norwood Procedure in the Single Ventricle Reconstruction Clinical Trial of the Pediatric Heart Network (PHN)

Purpose: Thromboembolic events are a common cause of increased morbidity and mortality in infants who undergo staged surgeries for single ventricle congenital heart disease (CHD). However, previously reported rates vary, from 1 to 46%, due to limitations from small sample size, retrospective study design, heterogeneity of patient population, and single center experience. We used the public dataset of the PHN Single Ventricle Reconstruction (SVR) randomized clinical trial to determine the incidence, timing of, and factors associated with thromboembolic events following the Norwood procedure. Methods: The SVR trial …
Subgaleal hematoma evacuation in a pediatric patient: A case report and review of the literature

Background Subgaleal hematoma (SGH) is generally documented within the neonatal period and is rarely reported as a result of trauma or hair braiding in children. While rare, complications of SGH can result in ophthalmoplegia, proptosis, visual deficit, and corneal ulceration secondary to hematoma extension into the orbit. Although conservative treatment is preferential, expanding SGH should be aspirated to reduce complications associated with further expansion. Case description A 12-year-old African-American female with no recent history of trauma presented with a chief complaint of headache along with a 2-day history of enlarging 2-3 cm ballotable bilateral frontal mass. Hematological workup was negative. The patient's family confirmed a long history of hair braiding. The patient was initially prescribed a period of observation but returned 1-week later with enlarging SGH, necessitating surgical aspiration. Conclusion SGH is rare past the neonatal period, but can be found in pediatric and adolescent patients secondary to trauma or hair pulling. Standard workup includes evaluation of the patient's hematological profile for bleeding or coagulation deficits, as well as evaluation for child abuse. Although most cases of SGH resolve spontaneously over the course of several weeks, close follow-up is recommended. The authors present a case of a 12-year-old female presenting with enlarging subgaleal hemorrhages who underwent surgical aspiration and drainage without recurrence. A literature review was also conducted with 32 pediatric cases identified, 20 of which were related to hair pulling, combing, or braiding. We review the clinical course, imaging characteristics, surgical management, as well as a review of the literature involving subgaleal hemorrhage in pediatric patients and hair pulling.
NIAGADS Alzheimer's GenomicsDB: A resource for exploring Alzheimer's Disease genetic and genomic knowledge

INTRODUCTION: The NIAGADS Alzheimer9s Genomics Database is an interactive knowledgebase for AD genetics that provides access to GWAS summary statistics datasets deposited at NIAGADS, a national genetics data repository for AD and related dementia (ADRD). METHODS: The website makes available >70 genome-wide summary statistics datasets from GWAS and genome sequencing analysis for AD/ADRD. Variants identified from these datasets are mapped to up-to-date variant and gene annotations from a variety of resources and linked to functional genomics data. The database is powered by a big-data optimized relational database and uses ontologies to consistently annotate study designs and phenotypes, facilitating data harmonization and efficient real-time data analysis and variant or gene report generation. RESULTS: Detailed variant reports provide tabular and interactive graphical summaries of known ADRD associations, as well as highlight variants flagged by the Alzheimer9s Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP). Gene reports provide summaries of co-located ADRD risk-associated variants and have been expanded to include meta-analysis results from aggregate association tests performed by the ADSP allowing us to flag genes with genetic-evidence for AD. DISCUSSION: The GenomicsDB makes available >100 million variant annotations, including ~30 million (5 million novel) variants identified as AD-relevant by ADSP, for browsing and real-time mining via the website or programmatically through a REST API. With a newly redesigned, efficient, search interface and comprehensive record pages linking summary statistics to variant and gene annotations, this resource makes these data both accessible and interpretable, establishing itself as valuable tool for AD research.
ALFRED MARSHALL LECTURE WOMEN, WORK, AND CULTURE

This paper discusses some recent advances in the area of culture and economics and examines the effect of culture on a key economic outcome: female labor supply. To separate the effect of market variables and institutions from culture, I use an epidemiological approach, studying second-generation American women. I use both female labor force participation (LFP) and attitudes in the women's country of ancestry as cultural proxies and show that both cultural proxies have quantitatively significant effects on women's work outcomes. The paper concludes with some suggestions for future empirical and theoretical research topics in this area. (JEL: J13, J21, Z10)
Existence of Regular Solutions

In view of Theorems 4.2 and 4.10 and Remarks 4.7 and 4.9, we may seek the solutions of \((\mathrm{N}^+)\) and \((\mathrm{N}^-)\) in the form of \((V\varphi )^+\) and \((V\varphi )^-\) with \(\varphi \in \ 0\), that of \((\mathrm{D}^+)\) in the form of \((W\varphi )^+\) with \(\varphi \in \ 1\), and that of \((\mathrm{D}^-)\) as the sum of \((W\varphi )^-\) with \(\varphi \in \ 1\) and some \(3\times 1\) matrix \(u_0\) of the form ( 3.16).
Extracorporeal support for trauma: A trauma quality improvement project (TQIP) analysis in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Abstract Introduction The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in trauma patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) continues to evolve. The objective of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of trauma patients with ARDS who received ECMO to a propensity matched cohort of patients who underwent conventional management. Methods The Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database was queried from 2013 to 2016 for all patients with ARDS and those who received ECMO. Demographics, as well as clinical, injury, intervention, and outcome data were collected and analyzed. Patients with ARDS were divided into two groups, those who received ECMO and those who did not. A propensity score analysis was performed using the following criteria: age, gender, vital signs (HR, SBP) and GCS on admission, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score in several body regions. Outcomes between the groups were subsequently compared using univariate as well as Cox regression analyses. Secondary outcomes such as hospitalization (HLOS), ICU length-of-stay (LOS) and ventilation days stratified for patient demographics, timing of ECMO and anticoagulation status were compared. Results Over the 3-year study period, 8990 patients with ARDS were identified from the TQIP registry. Following exclusion, 3680 were included in the final analysis, of which 97 (2.6%) received ECMO. On univariate analysis following matching, patients who underwent ECMO had lower overall hospital mortality (23 vs 50%, p Conclusion Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use in trauma patients with ARDS may be associated with improved survival, especially for young patients with thoracic injuries, early in the course of ARDS. Anticoagulation while on circuit was not associated with increased risk of hemorrhage or mortality, even in the setting of head injuries. The mortality benefit suggested with ECMO comes at the expense of a potential increase in complication rate and prolonged hospitalization.
Periscopic technique in Norwood operation is associated with better preservation of early ventricular function.

Abstract Objective Although the right ventricle (RV) to pulmonary artery conduit in stage 1 Norwood operation results in improved interstage survival, the long-term effects of the ventriculotomy used in the traditional technique remain a concern. The periscopic technique (PT) of RV to pulmonary artery conduit placement has been described as an alternative technique to minimize RV injury. A retrospective study was performed to compare the effects of traditional technique and PT on ventricular function following Norwood operation. Methods A retrospective study of all patients who underwent Norwood operation from 2012 to 2019 was performed. Patients with baseline RV dysfunction and significant tricuspid valve regurgitation were excluded. Prestage 2 echocardiograms were reviewed by a blinded experienced imager for quantification of RV function (sinus and infundibular RV fractional area change) as well as for regional conduit site wall dysfunction (normal or abnormal, including hypokinesia, akinesia, or dyskinesia). Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to assess differences in RV infundibular and RV sinus ejection fraction and the Fisher exact test was used to assess differences in regional wall dysfunction. Results Twenty-two patients met inclusion criteria. Eight underwent traditional technique and 14 underwent PT. Median infundibular RV fractional area change was 49% and 37% (P = .02) and sinus RV fractional area change was 50% and 41% for PT and traditional technique (P = .007) respectively. Similarly qualitative regional RV wall function was better preserved in PT (P = .002). Conclusions The PT for RV to pulmonary artery conduit in Norwood operation results in better preservation of early RV global and regional systolic function. Whether or not this benefit translates to improved clinical outcome still needs to be studied.
Heroin-Induced Acute Pancreatitis.

Heroin-induced pancreatitis (HIP) is rare with only a few cases reported previously in the literature and the pathophysiology mechanism is yet to be investigated. We present two cases of acute pancreatitis (AP) in the setting of acute heroin (diacetylmorphine) intoxication. Both patients presented with nausea, vomiting and severe abdominal pain after intranasal heroin use. On laboratory analysis were found to have elevated serum lipase, positive urine toxicology for opioids, without any other obvious causes for AP. Both patients had a full recovery with supportive treatment. As a general approach, drug-induced pancreatitis is a diagnosis of exclusion and a high index of suspicion is required when the most common etiologies are ruled out.
Overall survival and secondary malignant neoplasms in children receiving passively scattered proton or photon craniospinal irradiation for medulloblastoma.

Background Both intensity-modulated radiotherapy (RT) and passively scattered proton therapy have a risk of secondary malignant neoplasm (SMN) in children. To determine the influence of RT modality on the incidence of SMN after craniospinal irradiation (CSI), the authors compared the incidence of SMN in children who had medulloblastoma treated with either photon CSI plus an intensity-modulated RT boost (group I) or passively scattered proton CSI plus a boost (group II). Methods From 1996 to 2014, 115 children with medulloblastoma (group I, n = 63; group II, n = 52) received CSI followed by a boost to the tumor bed. Most patients had standard-risk disease (63.5%). The median follow-up was 12.8 years for group I and 8.7 years for group II. Results The 5-year and 10-year overall survival (OS) rates were 88.8% and 85.1%, respectively, for standard-risk patients and 63.1% and 57.3%, respectively, for high-risk patients, with no OS difference by RT modality (P = .81). Six SMNs were identified (4 in group I, 2 in group II). The 5-year and 10-year SMN incidence rates were 1.0% and 6.9%, respectively (0.0% and 8.0%, respectively, in group I; 2.2% and 4.9%, respectively, in group II; P = .74). Two SMNs occurred in the clinical target volume in the brain, 2 occurred in the exit dose region from the photon spinal field, 1 occurred in the entrance path of a proton beam, and 1 occurred outside the radiation field. There were no reported cases of secondary leukemia. Conclusions This analysis demonstrates no difference in OS or SMN incidence between patients in groups I and II 10 years after RT. Lay summary One hundred fifteen children with medulloblastoma received radiotherapy (RT) with either photon craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and an intensity-modulated RT boost (group I; n = 63) or passively scattered proton CSI and a boost (group II;, n = 52). The majority of children had standard-risk disease (63.5%). The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates were 88.8% and 85.1% for standard-risk patients, respectively, and 63.1% and 57.3% for high-risk patients, respectively, with no difference in overall survival by RT group (P = .81). The 5-year and 10-year second malignant neoplasm incidence rates were 1.0% and 6.9%, respectively, with no difference in second malignant neoplasm incidence according to RT group (P = .74).
Moving beyond linguistic bordering: Utopian designs for new futures

We examine learning as movement as a utopian methodological approach that reorients how we shape and understand literacy learning ecologies with youth who are racialized as non-white. Understanding...
The Geometry of System Identification: Fractal Dimension and Integration Formulae

We consider a geometric interpretation of the orthogonal functional approach to the analysis of nonlinear systems. A deterministic nonlinear transducer is viewed as a functional on a phase space of input histories. To calculate the represention of the nonlinear transducer as an orthogonal expansion of standard functionals, one must perform certain integrations over the entire phase space. These integrations amount to cross-correlations of the response of the transducer under study with the responses of standard functionals. In the laboratory, this idealized pro cedure cannot be carried out exactly. Rather, one chooses a particular input signal, which corresponds to choosing a path through the phase space of all possible inputs. Thus, laboratory implementations of the orthogonal functional approach correspond to approximations of particular integrals over the entire phase space by integrals over the path actually sampled by the test signal.
Abstract P1-15-16: The utilization of hypofractionated breast radiotherapy in the United States between 2003 and 2011

Background: Recently, several randomized trials have found that accelerated hypofractionated whole breast irradiation (HF-WBI) had equivalent local recurrence rates and disease-free survival, compared to conventional fractionated whole breast irradiation (CF-WBI). It is unknown if the pattern of care regarding HF-WBI has changed in the United States after the publication of these trials, given its administrative advantage. Methods: Using data from the National Cancer Database, this study included 559,362 non-metastasic female breast cancer patients who received post-lumpectomy external beam radiotherapy to their breast or regional nodes. We examined the trend of HF-WBI use in the U.S. and factors related to its use using logistic regression models. Results: Of patients receiving external beam radiotherapy, about 5% underwent HF-WBI. The most common HF-WBI dose schedule is 42.4-42.6 Gy in 16 fractions without or with boost radiation. There was a 20-fold increased trend in the use of HF-WBI, increasing from about 0.6% in 2003 to 13% in 2011 (p Conclusions: The utilization of hypofractionated radiotherapy significantly increased from 2003 to 2011 in the United States, which is presumably influenced by publication of several randomized trials. In 2011, HF-WBI accounted for more than 10% of all external beam radiotherapy for early breast cancer patients. Patient and facility factors impacted the patterns of HF-WBI use. Citation Format: Dezheng Huo, Yasmin Hasan, Katharine Yao. The utilization of hypofractionated breast radiotherapy in the United States between 2003 and 2011 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-15-16.
Language Learner Autonomy: Policy, Curriculum, Classroom edited by O'ROURKE, BREFFNI, & LORNA CARSON.

The article reviews the book "Language Learner Autonomy: Policy, Curriculum, Classroom," edited by Breffni O'Rourke and Lorna Carson.
Integrating Acceptance and Mindfulness into Treatments for Child and Adolescent Anxiety Disorders

In cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for child and adolescent anxiety disorders, negatively evaluated thoughts and emotions are viewed as problematic responses to be managed via control-oriented strategies such as distraction, systematic desensitization, self-instruction, or cognitive restructuring. Within this framework, anxiety is conceptualized as “the problem,” and symptom reduction is a standard index of treatment success. Acceptance- and mindfulness-based therapies such as acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT; Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 1999) differ from standard CBT primarily in their treatment of private events (e.g., thoughts, emotions, physical-bodily sensations, memories).
High protein diets enhance glycemic regulation during energy restriction: a comparative analysis of milk- and soy-based diets (823.1)

Consuming high protein during energy restriction (ER) promotes glycemic control. However, the extent to which protein source modulates the glycemic response and the intracellular mechanisms by which hepatic regulation of blood glucose is maintained during ER is not well described. Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats (12 weeks old) were randomly divided into 8 treatment groups and fed energy adequate (EA) or ER (60% of the ad libitum feed intake for EA) diets containing two levels (control: CP, 10%; and high protein: HP, 35%) and sources (milk protein concentrate: MPC; and low isoflavone soy concentrate: SOY) of protein for 16 weeks. Fasting serum insulin and glucose concentrations were assessed, and hepatic regulators of gluconeogenesis were analyzed using Western blot. Blood glucose was similar across groups (group mean ± SD, 109 ± 11 mg/dL, P > 0.05). However, insulin levels were lower (P < 0.05) for HP (162 ± 63 pmol/L) than CP (208 ± 80 pmol/L); ER (165 ± 65 pmol/L) than EA (204 ± 80 pmol/L); and MPC (160...
Polarons in polyacetylene

Recent theoretical studies of polyacetylene, (CH)x have focussed on kink-like solitons in the trans isomer. It is shown that the same theoretical models also predict polaron -like solitons in both cis - and trans -(CH)x. The explicit form of these polarons, their relation to kinks, possible implications for experiment, and open questions are discussed.
Stability of circulatory elastic systems in the presence of magnetic damping.

The effect of a type of magnetic damping on the stability of equilibrium of some circulatory elastic systems is examined. A simple system with two degrees of freedom is considered first, and a destabilization is found to be caused by the magnetic field. The nature of the destabilization, however, is not identical to that caused by internal viscous damping. The differences and similarities between the two effects are discussed, and the results are also compared with those of linear external viscous damping. A continuous cantilever bar subjected to a follower force at its free end is then examined. It is found that the critical load is independent of the strength of the magnetic field, and is considerably lower than the corresponding critical load in the absence of a magnetic field. Finally, the continuous cantilever is treated approximately by Galerkin's procedure and also by using a two-degree-of-freedom model of the cantilever; the results obtained are qualitatively the same.
Identification and localization of 5-HT1P receptors in the guinea pig pancreas.

Enteropancreatic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-immunoreactive nerve fibers have recently been described. To test the hypothesis that pancreas contains 5-HT receptors similar to those that characterize...
Alienation in corporate America: Fact or fable?

Using NORC annual survey data, the authors selected 21 questions describing respondent attitudes toward job, life in general, and financial status. Respondents were catigorized as management, white collar, blue collar, and those not affiliated with business organizations. Attitudes were compared across the four occupational groups. Little dissatisfaction was found in any but the blue collar group. Management as a group, and men as well as women managers showed high levels of satisfaction, with few significant differences found in responses by men and women. This study does not support the earlier finding of widespread alienation in business firms.
PHOTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COVALENTLY‐LINKED PORPHYRIN‐QUINONE COMPLEXES*

— The fluorescence properties of a covalently-linked porphyrin-quinone complex and its zinc derivative were studied in a variety of organic solvents. The kinetics of fluorescence decay for both the quinone and hydroquinone oxidation states were measured in acetonitrile, dichloromethane, dimethyl-formamide, and pentane. The fluorescence yield and kinetics of decay at room temperature were little affected in the porphyrin or zinc porphyrin complexes when the attached quinone was reduced. However, for these complexes the fluorescence yield and lifetimes were both substantially decreased in acetonitrile and dichloromethane when the quinone was in its oxidized state. These latter decay kinetics were not explainable by a process having a single exponential decay. On the other hand, little fluorescence quenching or lifetime shortening was observed in dimethylformamide or pentane, indicating unique solvent dependencies for the quenching process. Evidence was obtained for photoproduced charge separation from EPR measurements on the covalently-linked zinc porphyrin-quinone complex. The EPR data showed equivalent concentrations of a Zn porphyrin cation radical and a benzoquinone anion radical in acetonitrile or dichloromethane at both room temperature and 77 K. The charge separated state rapidly decayed at room temperature (in sub-millisecond times) but was quite stable at 77 K. It is concluded that light-induced charge separation in acetonitrile and dichloromethane at room temperature may occur from the excited singlet state with a high quantum efficiency. A photoproduced charge separated state also occurred when the covalently-linked complexes were incorporated into egg yolk phosphatidylcholine liposomes. The quantum yield for radical formation in this latter system was 0.1 and the lifetimes of the radical species formed were many minutes.
Entrance Effects on Gas−Solid Riser Flow Structure

The gas−solid flow in a riser has strong inherent nonuniformities both in the flow structure and in the dynamic phases. The flow structure in a riser can be altered with the implementation of different solids feeding devices, and hence may affect the reactor performance. This paper is aimed at investigating the effect of various riser entrances on the overall flow structure and its stability at different operation conditions. Three riser entrances are selected to simulate the common solids feeding devices of risers, namely, the J-bend feeder, the L-valve feeder with a distributor, and the L-valve feeder after a taper section. The study is first focused on the flow dynamics in the riser entrance region. This is to identify the characteristic height of the entrance region as well as to obtain the radial distributions of phase transport properties at the end of the entrance region. These radial profiles are then used as the flow inlet conditions in the mechanistic model for the study of overall flow structur...
Lytropic Liquid Crystals of D-(2)-Octylammonium Chloride

Abstract D-(2)-octylammonium chloride has been observed to form lyotropic liquid crystals in aqueous solutions. Cholesteric, nematic, and smectic phases will form depending on concentration, co-amphiphile content, ionic environment and temperature. The cholesteric textures displayed by aqueous mixtures of 1:2: 1 D-(2)-octylammonium chloride:decylammonium ch1oride:salt (NH4, Cl, KCl, LiCl, NaCl) were investigated for the dependence of the pitch upon such variables as the nature of the salt cation, salt concentration, pH and temperature. The investigative methods used include magnetic field orientation, differential scanning calorimetry, laser diffraction and optical microscopy. The results obtained include the dependence on the concentration of chiraldopants and compensation effects.
Steady-State Economic Comparison of Alternative Tubular Reactor Systems

This paper presents a comparison of the steady-state economics of alternative tubular reactor systems. These alternative designs use different tubular reactor configurations including single adiabatic, multistage adiabatic with interstage cooling, multistage adiabatic with cold-shot cooling, single cooled, multistage cooled with interstage cooling, and multistage cooled with cold-shot cooling. The design considers the entire plantwide process: reactor(s), heat exchangers, gas recycle compressor, preheat furnace, condenser, and separator. The chemistry is the exothermic, irreversible, solid catalytic, gas-phase reaction A+B→C, which is carried out in a packed-bed tubular reactor. The economic objective function is total annual cost, which includes annual capital cost (reactor, catalyst, compressor, and heat exchangers) and energy cost (compressor work and furnace fuel). Design and optimization procedures are developed for each alternative design. Optimum operating conditions and equipment sizes are determined. The effect of catalyst cost on the steady-state design is considered. The steady-state design results indicate that the single cooled reactor configuration is the best from the standpoint of steady-state economics.
Investigation of phase transition of mercury decomposed from mercury oxide up to 20 GPa

The high pressure behavior of mercury decomposed from mercury oxide up to 20.4 GPa was investigated using angular-dispersive X-ray diffraction. The results showed that liquid mercury solidified at 2.0 GPa and was resolved as α hexagonal, R-3m, a=3.3743±0.0007 A and c=6.8199±0.0013 A. When compressed up to 5.7 GPa, α mercury transformed into orthorhombic γ phase directly, which is not the case of transforming from an α structure to a body-centered tetragonal structure (β). The space group of orthorhombic γ phase was interpreted successfully as Pmmn, with a=2.7722±0.0010 A, b=4.0792±0.0028 A and c=6.8285±0.0029 A at 8.9 GPa.
Avian habitat evaluation: should counting birds count?

There are times when birds reproduce at higher rates in places where they are less abundant, limiting the generally accepted value of bird counts as environmental indicators. But how often, and under what circumstances, does this happen? In 109 published cases involving 67 species across North America and Europe, higher density sites displayed greater recruitment per capita and per unit of land area in 72% and 85% of cases, respectively. The frequency of negative relationships between abundance and reproductive success did not differ between different kinds of birds or habitats. However, density was negatively related to reproductive success more often in areas of human disturbance than in relatively natural areas. Although further study is needed to confirm the generality of this pattern, especially in areas such as the tropics, results suggest that birds can fail to recognize ecological traps or opportunities in landscapes that differ from those in which they evolved.
A synthesis theory for a class of saturating systems

The objective is to develop a synthesis theory to guarantee acceptable performance of a feedback system, even under hard saturation. A major factor is L n, the system loop transmission with respect to the saturating element N. L n is independent of other fundamental system functions, if the output of N is available for feedback. It is shown how L n may be shaped to achieve good performance under saturation. Conditionally stable systems may be designed exclusively with linear compensation, to achieve their customary superior feedback benefits, without the danger of limit Cycling under saturation. The above has so far been confined to stable, Type 1 stable plants.
A study of the interactions of NO with RhTiO2 and TiO2-promoted RhTiO2

Abstract The interactions of NO with Rh TiO 2 and TiO2-promoted Rh SiO 2 were studied by temperature-programmed desorption spectroscopy. The room-temperature chemisorption of NO was observed to decrease with increasing catalyst reduction temperature in a manner similar to that found for H2 and CO. However, the adsorption capacity for NO was always substantially greater than that for H2 or CO. The suppression of NO, CO, and H2 chemisorption with increasing catalyst reduction temperature is attributed to the blockage of Rh adsorption sites by TiOx moieties transferred from the support. The higher adsorption capacity for NO relative to H2 and CO is ascribed to NO adsorption at anionic defects on portions of TiO2 adjacent to Rh particles. NO desorption is accompanied by decomposition to form N2O and N2, the extent of decomposition increasing with decreasing Rh dispersion. While N2O appears to be formed on the exposed surfaces of Rh particles, N2 formation occurs on both Rh particles and the surface of the support.
Thermal noise in the test mass suspensions of a laser interferometer gravitational-wave detector prototype

Abstract The thermal noise of the test mass suspensions of a prototype gravitational-wave interferometer was calculated and found to be in agreement with the measured noise near the resonant frequencies of the suspensions. The damping mechanism of the suspension modes was characterized and found to be nearly independent of frequency.
Cluster-based differential features to improve detection accuracy of focal cortical dysplasia

In this paper, a computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system for automatic detection of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) on T1-weighted MRI is proposed. We introduce a new set of differential cluster-wise features comparing local differences of the candidate lesional area with its surroundings and other GM/WM boundaries. The local differences are measured in a distributional sense using χ 2 distances. Finally, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is used to classify the clusters. Experimental results show an 88% lesion detection rate with only 1.67 false positive clusters per subject. Also, the results show that using additional differential features clearly outperforms the result using only absolute features.
Adhesive Contact Between a Rigid Axisymmetric Indenter and a neo-Hookean Solid

Advances in fabrication of various mechanical structures of small volume have stimulated research on the adhesive contact of solid surfaces. This work analyzes the effect of finite stretching on adhesive contact between an axisymmetric indenter and a neo-Hookean solid with frictionless contact condition. Explicit solutions of the pull-off force for separating the indenter from the neo-Hookean solid are derived. The results show that the stretching dependence of the pull-off force is a function of the surface profile of the indenter. The stretching has little effect on the surface interaction of solid surfaces, while it changes the adhesive contact between the indenter and the substrate.
Differences in the Performance of Children With Specific Language Impairment and Their Typically Developing Peers on Nonverbal Cognitive Tests: A Meta-Analysis

Purpose This study used meta-analysis to investigate the difference in nonverbal cognitive test performance of children with specific language impairment (SLI) and their typically developing (TD) peers. Method The meta-analysis included studies (a) that were published between 1995 and 2012 of children with SLI who were age matched (and not nonverbal cognitive matched) to TD peers and given a norm-referenced nonverbal cognitive test and (b) that reported sufficient data for an effect size analysis. Multilevel modeling was used to examine the performance of children with SLI relative to their typically developing, age-matched peers on nonverbal IQ tests. Results Across 138 samples from 131 studies, on average children with SLI scored 0.69 standard deviations below their TD peers on nonverbal cognitive tests after adjusting for the differences in the tests used, the low-boundary cutoff scores, the age of the participants, and whether studies matched the two groups on socioeconomic status. Discussion The lowe...
Deficiencies of methods applied in cost effectiveness analysis of hematological malignancies

Abstract Background As novel therapies in oncology and in particular hematological malignancies impose a high financial burden with a limited increase in life expectancy. Therefore, CEA is important to evaluate the value of new therapies. However, there is a dire need to critically evaluate how valid are such studies. Aims To review and critically analyze the methodology used to conduct CEAs within the hematologic malignancies disease. Methods We conducted a PubMed search using the following keywords and combined searches: CEAs, hematological malignancies leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma. Results Available data showed that systemic reviews of CEA of hematological malignancies to assess whether reviewers have not sufficiently cited deficiencies in their methodologies, or stated clearly the impact of sponsorship and publication biases. Conclusion Despite the paucity of the literature, sponsorship bias was found to be a major concern in the validity of these analyses.
Diffusion Coefficient as a Function of Mass for Globular Biomolecules

How well can the diffusion coefficient D of a globular biomolecule be predicted from its molecular mass MW? In “Wanted: Scalable Tracers for Diffusion Measurements” [J Phys Chem B, submitted], I propose that diffusion measurements in heterogeneous systems can be improved by the use of scalable tracers, in which the size is varied alone at constant shape, surface properties, diffusion mechanism, deformability, and other properties affecting diffusion. Before trying to design a de novo series of scalable globular proteins, it is appropriate to examine how scalable the commonly used de antiquo globular proteins are [ibid., supporting information]. The widely-used compilation of experimental diffusion coefficients by Tyn and Gusek [Biotech Bioeng 35 (1990) 327] was examined. This set -- ranging from ribonuclease, 12640 Da, to tobacco mosaic virus, 50 MDa -- was plotted as D versus log MW. The obviously linear species were removed, and values of D and MW for the outliers were examined. The plot yields a cloud of values of D versus log MW. In this plot, rigorously scalable tracers are expected to give a single smooth curve of D versus log MW, and the extent of the cloud represents scatter due to nonscalablity in the other properties, and to experimental error. Values of D from hydrodynamic calculations from various laboratories are remarkably consistent with the cloud. The cloud prediction is certainly good enough for semi-quantitative estimates or for designing single-particle tracking experiments. For a diffusion-controlled reaction in dilute solution, the prediction is close enough that the standard analysis of propagation of errors can be used. But arbitrary cloud proteins are not adequate for, say, measuring the percolation threshold of cytoplasm. The incomplete examination of the question here indicates what would be required for a complete examination.
On the nonlinear munk model. I. Steady flows

Abstract We consider steady barotropic circulation in a rectangular basin on the beta plane. The dependence of solutions of the vorticity equation on the Reynolds number is examined and it is found that the primary transport in an eastward jet as well as the intensity of the recirculation are porportional to Re . It is shown that, in the circulation with no-slip boundary conditions, the separation of the boundary current and the establishment of recirculation require negative viscosity. When the flow is dominated by advection, an unsymmetric zonal wind stress produces a large-scale vortex street. Its constituent vortices have dimensions and particle speed similar to those of mesoscale eddies. The properties of the circulation with free-slip boundary conditions are described and a quantitative relationship with no-slip flows is established.
A similarity measurement of clinical trials using SNOMED — A preliminary study

There is an increasing need to accurately and efficiently find relevant clinical trials for patients, practitioners, and researchers. This paper proposes a method for measuring the similarity among clinical trials and explores its potential uses in efficiently suggesting relevant clinical trials. SNOMED terms are applied to extract and normalize the clinical trial titles (CTTs). Similarity matrices are calculated automatically based on the similarity measures. One thousand three hundred and sixty CTTs were extracted covering the top five diseases - heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, and lung disease - leading to death in the United States contained in ClinicalTrial.gov. Five similarity matrices are generated for the five diseases, respectively. Results show that 1.2% of the clinical trials pairs have close similarities. Clinical trials for diabetes have the highest average similarity ratio. Future research with clinical trials will use multiple methods such as ontological and statistical approaches to improve the precision and recall of the search results.
Compressive properties of epoxidized soybean oil/clay nanocomposites

Abstract High- and low strain-rate compression experiments were conducted on epoxidized soybean oil (ESO)/clay nanocomposites with nanoclay weights of 0%, 5%, and 8%. A pulse-shaped split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was employed to conduct high strain-rate experiments. The pulse shaping technique ensures nearly constant-strain-rate deformation under dynamically equilibrated stresses in specimens such that accurate stress–strain curves at various high rates were obtained. A MTS 810 hydraulically driven materials testing system was used to obtain low strain-rate stress–strain curves. Strain-rate and nanoclay weight effects on the compressive properties of the nanocomposites were experimentally determined. A phenomenological strain-rate-dependent material model was presented to describe the stress–strain response. The model agrees well with the experimental data at both large and small strains as well as high and low strain rates.
Drug/Alcohol Addictions and Mothering

Although there is a growing literature on the characteristics of women with alcohol and drug addictions, and on the effects of prenatal exposure to drugs and alcohol, little is known about the mothering skills of alcohol or drug addicted women. The literature on alcohol and drug addiction and women is reviewed in order to propose characteristics that might affect parenting knowledge or skills. Some potential barriers to effective parenting might include traumatic childhood histories, current relationship patterns, depression and low self-esteem, shame and guilt, and cognitive deficits.
Inhibition of the Bacterial Enoyl Reductase FabI by Triclosan: A Structure−Reactivity Analysis of FabI Inhibition by Triclosan Analogues†

To explore the molecular basis for the picomolar affinity of triclosan for FabI, the enoyl reductase enzyme from the type II fatty acid biosynthesis pathway in Escherichia coli, an SAR study has been conducted using a series of triclosan analogues. Triclosan (1) is a slow, tight-binding inhibitor of FabI, interacting specifically with the E.NAD(+) form of the enzyme with a K(1) value of 7 pM. In contrast, 2-phenoxyphenol (2) binds with equal affinity to the E.NAD(+) (K(1) = 0.5 microM) and E.NADH (K(2) = 0.4 microM) forms of the enzyme and lacks the slow-binding step observed for triclosan. Thus, removal of the three triclosan chlorine atoms reduces the affinity of the inhibitor for FabI by 70,000-fold and removes the preference for the E.NAD(+) FabI complex. 5-Chloro-2-phenoxyphenol (3) is a slow, tight-binding inhibitor of FabI and binds to the E.NAD(+) form of the enzyme (K(1) = 1.1 pM) 7-fold more tightly than triclosan. Thus, while the two ring B chlorine atoms are not required for FabI inhibition, replacement of the ring A chlorine increases binding affinity by 450,000-fold. Given this remarkable observation, the SAR study was extended to the 5-fluoro-2-phenoxyphenol (4) and 5-methyl-2-phenoxyphenol (5) analogues to further explore the role of the ring A substituent. While both 4 and 5 are slow, tight-binding inhibitors, they bind substantially less tightly to FabI than triclosan. Compound 4 binds to both E.NAD(+) and E.NADH forms of the enzyme with K(1) and K(2) values of 3.2 and 240 nM, respectively, whereas compound 5 binds exclusively to the E.NADH enzyme complex with a K(2) value of 7.2 nM. Thus, the ring A substituent is absolutely required for slow, tight-binding inhibition. In addition, pK(a) measurements coupled with simple electrostatic calculations suggest that the interaction of the ring A substituent with F203 is a major factor in governing the affinity of analogues 3-5 for the FabI complex containing the oxidized form of the cofactor.
A Summary Evaluation of the Taft-Hartley Act

In presenting the only over-all appraisal of the Taft-Hartley Act in this symposium, the author of this article evaluates the record of the Act in terms of the aims of its framers in 1947. He concludes that the Act has had far less impact on labor relations than had been desired by its proponents or feared by its critics, and he suggests some explanations for this development. (Author's abstract courtesy EBSCO.)
Structuring Conflict in Individual, Face‐to‐Face, and Computer‐Mediated Group Decision Making: Carping Versus Objective Devil's Advocacy

Researchers and practitioners have long been interested in the effects of cognitive conflict techniques on individual and group decision making. One widely used and studied technique, devil's advocacy (DA), has been found to enhance decision-making performance for both individuals and groups. Devil's advocacy begins with a recommended decision, followed by a critique of the decision that questions its assumptions. Researchers have not yet examined the effects of the objectivity of the devil's advocacy comments in computer-mediated environments. This paper reports the results of a laboratory experiment that focused on this question by comparing the effects of an objective, nonemotional DA to an emotional, “carping” DA within individuals and groups using either computer-mediated or face-to-face communication. In a manner consistent with prior research, both DA treatments were operationalized through the use of paper-based consulting reports. The results suggest that individuals and computer-mediated groups develop and consider more solution alternatives than face-to-face groups, and that subjects given the objective DA treatment produce higher quality decisions than those given the carping DA treatment. Face-to-face groups in the carping DA treatment considered the fewest alternative solutions in their decision-making process, reached the lowest solution quality, yet reached decision consensus in the fewest voting rounds. The practical implications of the results suggest that questioning statements made by a devil's advocate should be objective, regardless of group communication condition. Carping devil's advocacy appears to stifle group decision outcomes when groups are using face-to-face communication.
helping the homeless in dAllAs: lessons And chAllenges from A fAith-bAsed nonprofit

The Stewpot is an agency in downtown Dallas that has been serving the hungry and homeless for more than 30 years. Its founding story has become the stuff of legend: In the mid-1970s, First Presbyterian Church staff was approached more and more often by people living on the streets who needed something to eat. In response, the church started to keep on hand a supply of canned goods that could be handed out. At the time, the practice was that each person who asked would be given two cans of food, with the labels removed so that they could not be resold. But there came a day in 1975 when one of the associate pastors handed the last two cans to a man who needed them … and then helplessly watched him try to open one of the cans with the only tool available in his possession: a key. Before the end of the year First Presbyterian had given up on the notion of handing out cans of food, and had created the Stewpot, preparing and serving a noontime meal in the church's kitchen and fellowship hall. Within two weeks, ...
Mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure

Heart failure (HF) is a complex chronic clinical syndrome. Energy deficit is considered to be a key contributor to the development of both cardiac and skeletal myopathy. In HF, several components of cardiac and skeletal muscle bioenergetics are altered, such as oxygen availability, substrate oxidation, mitochondrial ATP production, and ATP transfer to the contractile apparatus via the creatine kinase shuttle. This review focuses on alterations in mitochondrial biogenesis and respirasome organization, substrate oxidation coupled with ATP synthesis in the context of their contribution to the chronic energy deficit, and mechanical dysfunction of the cardiac and skeletal muscle in HF. We conclude that HF is associated with decreased mitochondrial biogenesis and function in both heart and skeletal muscle, supporting the concept of a systemic mitochondrial cytopathy. The sites of mitochondrial defects are located within the electron transport and phosphorylation apparatus and differ with the etiology and progression of HF in the two mitochondrial populations (subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar) of cardiac and skeletal muscle. The roles of adrenergic stimulation, the renin-angiotensin system, and cytokines are evaluated as factors responsible for the systemic energy deficit. We propose a cyclic AMP-mediated mechanism by which increased adrenergic stimulation contributes to the mitochondrial dysfunction.
Saturation molalities and standard molar enthalpies of solution of 2′-deoxyadenosine · H2O(cr), 2′-deoxycytidine · H2O(cr), 2′-deoxyguanosine · H2O(cr), 2′-deoxyinosine(cr), and 2′-deoxyuridine(cr) in H2O(l)

Abstract Saturation molalities m(sat) in H2O(l) have been measured for the substances 2′-deoxyadenosine · H2O(cr), 2′-deoxycytidine · H2O(cr), 2′-deoxyguanosine · H2O(cr), 2′-deoxyinosine(cr), and 2′-deoxyuridine(cr) by using h.p.l.c. The states of hydration were established by performing Karl Fischer analyses on samples of these substances, which had been allowed to equilibrate with their respective aqueous saturated solutions for several days at T ≈ 298 K and then dried with air at T ≈ 296 K for ≈24 h. The crystalline forms of the substances were identified by comparison of the results of X-ray diffraction measurements with results from the literature. Also, calorimetric molar enthalpies of solution ΔsolHm(cal) for these substances were measured by using an isoperibol solution calorimeter. A self-association (stacking) model was used to estimate values of the activity coefficients γ and relative apparent molar enthalpies Lϕ for these substances. These γ and Lϕ values were used to adjust the measured values of m(sat) and ΔsolHm to the standard state and thus obtain values of the standard molar Gibbs free energy Δ sol G m ∘ and enthalpy changes Δ sol H m ∘ for the dissolution reactions of these substances. The values of the pKs and of the standard molar enthalpies of the ionization reactions were also used to account for speciation of the substances in the calculations of Δ sol G m ∘ and Δ sol H m ∘ .