cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Insomnia in Depressed Insomniacs: Effects on Health-related Quality of Life, Objective and Self-Reported Sleep, and Depression

Major depressive episode (MDE) is associated with poorer health-related quality of life (HRQOL),1 and insomnia explains a portion of this deficit. Insomnia in MDE is associated with increasing problems with “daily living and role functioning” as measured by the Basis-32,2,3 compared with MDE without insomnia.4 BRIEF SUMMARY Current Knowledge/Study Rationale: Hypnotic medications have been reported to be associated with both sleep-benefits and side effects. Measuring health-related quality of life measurements allows the simultaneous consideration of both the benefits and adverse events, and a summary assessment of the net effect on health. We contrasted the health care quality of life effects of the hypnotic eszopiclone in a sample of depressed insomniacs. Study Impact: Despite the known association of hypnotics with a variety of adverse events, the administration of hypnotics to patients with combined insomnia and depression resulted in a net health benefit as reflected in superior health related quality of life. Resolution of insomnia in MDE may be important for full restoration of HRQOL. Unfortunately, insomnia is the most common unresolved symptom when MDE has otherwise been successfully treated with the serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine (FLX).5 Investigations have examined adding hypnotic medications to SSRIs in the treatment of MDE complicated by insomnia, but none of these stipulated HRQOL as the a priori primary outcome, and none included objective measures of sleep.6–8 Targeting HRQOL for hypnotic clinical trials is especially relevant in so far as hypnotics are associated with adverse outcomes.9–12 HRQOL simultaneously weighs beneficial and adverse effects of treatment, allowing determination of net health benefit.
A faith-based alternative youth education program : Evaluating a participatory research approach

Community-based and faith-based programs are on-going partners in the social welfare mix which characterizes U.S. welfare provision. In the face of calls for more rigorous research on the capacity and impact of faith-based and community-based programs which use public funds, the research community must gain sophistication in addressing methodological issues inherent in participatory designs for the study of such programs. This article describes concerns which arose while implementing participatory research during a federally-funded, intensive 10-month long case study of a faith-based alternative education program for at risk youth. The project was funded through the Department of Health and Humans Services, Administration for Children and Family. The challenges to data collection are presented and suggestions for doing participatory research in similar settings are discussed.
Effect of Moving Honeybee Colonies on their Subsequent Production and Consumption of Honey

SummaryHoneybee colonies moved at night into new territory had smaller increases in weight than similar undisturbed colonies during the 7-day period following the move. Colonies moved out and back during the same night showed no such reduction in nectar storage. The difference was presumably the result of a need to reorientate to new pasture. Colonies moved in late autumn (November) showed a significantly greater winter consumption of stores than those not disturbed; those moved twice showed still greater consumption. Each move resulted in an additional consumption of 4–5 kg stores per colony between October and April.
Accelerated Concomitant Boost Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy for Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of concomitant boost radiotherapy (RT) plus cisplatin-based chemotherapy compared with standard fractionation RT for patients with advanced nasopharyngeal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1988 through 1999, 50 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage II-IVb nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated with 70-Gy concomitant boost RT (1.8 Gy/d, weeks 1 through 6; 1.6 Gy second daily fraction, weeks 5 through 6) and two cycles of concurrent cisplatin 100 mg/m2 days 1 and 22. Thirty-seven patients also received three cycles of cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy. These 50 patients were compared with a nonrandomized cohort of 51 patients with nasopharyngeal cancer treated with 70-Gy standard fractionation RT (1.8 Gy/d) without chemotherapy from 1988 through 1995. The groups were well matched for prognostic factors except stage, for which the concomitant boost RT/chemotherapy group was more advanced (54%, T3-4; 54%, N2-3; 44%, stage IV) compared with...
Evaluation of Unexpected High Vibration on a High Speed Coupling Spacer

This paper will discuss the unexpected high vibration seen on both the drive end and the driven end of a high-speed disc pack design coupling, in addition to the documented vibration at the coupling spacer mid-span location. The coupling was being used during the test stand mechanical verification runs of a high-speed centrifugal compressor to connect the compressor to a test gear which was driven by a test steam turbine. This paper provides the test results and the analysis procedure used to understand the vibration levels and dismiss the concerns for a journal bearing driven thermal instability at the compressor driven end bearing and at the adjacent pinion end bearing of the gearbox. A background history of coupling applications and previous relevant experience is given. Test results are given to confirm the solution of the problem, which was to reduce the length of the coupling spacer.
Further studies on the racial incidence and mortality of ectopic pregnancy.

Studies of population and total birth analysis of the Baltimore area show 50% more ectopic pregnancies among Negro than among white women from 1949-53. The ratio of ectopic pregnancy to total deliveries by race in 18 Baltimore hospitals was 1/223 whites 1/115 Negroes. Among whites the trend is decreased ectopic pregnancies whereas among blacks no change is noted. In the same period there were 9 deaths in 364 Negro ectopic pregnancies; in Whites there was only 1 death in 512. 8 occurred in hospitals and 2 at home. It is hypothesized that the high incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease among black women is responsible for the high number of ectopic pregnancies. The figures for gonorrhea salpingitis are as follows: 1947 224 whites 649 blacks; 1950 109 whites 683 blacks; 1953 186 whites 812 blacks. From 1944-8 rates for whites were 1/177 for blacks 1/120 with a combined rate of 1/160. Applying Schumanns correction factors to the 10-year study shows the general incidence of ectopic pregnancies for black women would be 1/120 and 1/200 in white women. The high incidence of gonorrheal infection in Negro women leads to the conclusion that the differential in racial incidence of ectopic pregnancy is attributable to a higher incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease. Use of antibiotics in treating these diseases has not increased the frequency of octopic pregnancy in Baltimore.
Introduction: How Mathematicians Solve “Unsolvable” Problems

Does not it seem like a contradiction or a paradox to solve an unsolvable problem? Yet the most courageous and creative mathematicians and scientists are the ones trying to make sense not only of vague ideas but also of paradoxes and contradictions. So let us look how they do this, using as an example the history of the number system development. Analyzing the evolution of numbers, we can see that it has been a process of deficiency elimination. Each step of this process caused absence of understanding, an open opposition, and even hostility to new numbers.
An Unidentified Growth Factor for Certain Strains of the Diphtheria Bacillus

It has been possible to grow a number of strains of the Park 8 variety of diphtheria bacillus, as well as one or 2 other unrelated strains, on media of entirely known composition.1 Growth obtained on such media is extremely luxuriant, yet a number of the factors essential for the growth of organisms such as the staphylococci, the streptococci and the pneumococci are absent. It appeared, therefore, that such a medium might be unusually suitable for diagnostic purposes in preparing media for throat cultures to replace the ordinarily used Loeffler medium. A medium based upon Formula A in the paper referred to above has therefore been prepared, solidified by the addition of 2% agar, and used for the cultivation of organisms obtained by throat swab from a considerable number of individuals, both normal and suffering from clinical diphtheria.The results in general, although encouraging, have been too unsatisfactory to suggest any immediate practical value for the method. The majority of normal throats yield no ...
Expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules in human endometrium.

In the present investigation the distribution of molecules that are involved in the leukocyte binding was studied in human endometrium. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA-1), and HLA-DR molecules was studied in 13 proliferative and 10 secretory endometria as well as cultures of endometrial glands and stroma by avidin-biotin complex (ABC) procedure using monoclonal antibodies. The ICAM-1 and HLA-DR molecules were both strongly expressed in the lymphoid and endothelial cells. ICAM-1 expression was uniform in the epithelium, whereas the HLA-DR molecules were preferentially expressed in the epithelial cells in the basalis. Expression of both epithelial HLADR and ICAM-1 molecules was enhanced adjacent to lymphoid aggregates. ICAM-1 molecule was uniformly expressed in the stromal cells in the basalis and the functionalis, whereas the HLA-DR molecules were expressed exclusively in the stromal cells surrounding the lymphoid cells. ICAM-1 expression in the epithelial and stromal cells was confirmed in the isolated intact stromal cells and glands by immunohistochemistry. Although stromal and epithelial cells propagated in vitro expressed ICAM-1, they were rarely HLA-DR positive. The expression of LFA-1 was confined to the lymphoid cells. The high level of expression of ICAM-1, LFA-1, and HLA-DR molecules in human endometrial constituents may contribute to the presence, aggregation, and preferential distribution of lymphoid cells in human endometrium.
Somatization Disorders: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis

1. Tomas Jose Silber, MD* 1. *Professor, Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences; Director, Adolescent Medicine Fellowship Program, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC. After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Identify the various manifestations of somatization disorders in children and adolescents. 2. Understand the association of psychosomatic disorders with personality traits and stressors such as physical and sexual abuse, bullying, parental anxiety, and pressure for a child to perform. 3. Recognize secondary gains of somatization disorders. 4. Explain why it is necessary to focus on school attendance and the management of school avoidance. 5. Develop a partnership with patients and their parents to address the symptoms of a somatization disorder. 6. Plan the treatment and management of somatization disorders Children and adolescents suspected of having somatization disorders present a challenge to pediatricians. Clinicians are often concerned about “missing something,” while also worrying about alienating both the patient and the family when explaining the condition. Many clinicians are baffled by the onslaught of symptoms, feel frustrated by the never-ending recurrent complaints, or become annoyed by the time consumed in caring for patients who might be perceived as “not really being sick.” The research on somatization disorders is neither easily available nor conclusive. Moreover, paradoxically, although somatoform disorders in children have been defined as psychiatric disorders, psychiatrists seldom see these patients. By default, most children and adolescents who have symptoms are seen by primary care physicians. (1)(2)(3)(4) This review focuses on understanding, assessing, and developing strategies for managing somatization disorders. Somatization is “the tendency to experience and communicate somatic distress and symptoms unaccounted by pathological findings.” (5) However, it must be stressed that somatization can coincide with another illness. Somatization is deemed to exist in conjunction with a physical illness whenever the physical …
Reactions C 12 ( d , n ) N 13 ground state and C 12 ( d , t ) C 11 up to E d = 20 Mev

The course of the partial cross section for the direct formation of ${\mathrm{N}}^{13}$ in its ground state only in the reaction ${\mathrm{C}}^{12}(d, n){\mathrm{N}}^{13}$ has been followed up to ${E}_{d}=20$ Mev by observing the ${\mathrm{N}}^{13}$ activity induced in a stack of polyethylene foils (only the ground state is stable against proton emission). The cross section falls appreciably less rapidly than would be expected for compound nucleus formation and also less rapidly than predicted by simple stripping theory. The cross section at ${E}_{d}=8$ Mev is 100 mb which is not so large relative to that for the mirror ($d, p$) reaction as is predicted by simple stripping theory. The reaction ${\mathrm{C}}^{12}(d, t){\mathrm{C}}^{11}$ has been detected and its total cross section measured from its threshold (${E}_{d}=14.5$ Mev) to ${E}_{d}=20$ Mev where it is 10 mb. The magnitude of this cross section indicates that this is a pickup reaction.
Medical Simulation: A Growing Medical Teaching Method and Field of Research

Medical Simulation is a type of training where a controlled environment is created for the learner to practice tasks using high tech robotic models, low tech models or computerized virtual reality. Various feedback methods can be used to help the learners improve their skills, including instructors, peers, actor-patients and video cameras. Simulation provides a valuable way for medical professionals to maintain and improve skills in league with other sophisticated training fields such as aviation, maritime and nuclear energy. The most important element of this training is the ability of the learner to review and perform procedures as often as necessary to reach proficiency without harming a patient.
Developmental idealism, body weight and shape, and marriage entry in transitional China

New trends toward later and less marriage are emerging in post-reform China. Previous research has examined the changing individual-level socioeconomic and demographic characteristics shaping marriage entry in Chinese adults. Employing a cultural model known as developmental idealism (DI), this study argues that a new worldview specifying an ideal body type has become popular in the West and that this new worldview has been exported to China. This new part of the DI package is likely stratified by gender, has a stronger impact on women than on men, and has likely penetrated urban areas more than rural areas. Drawing on the 1991-2009 longitudinal data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, this study employs discrete-time logit models to estimate the relationships between various body types and transition to first marriage in Chinese young adults 18-30 years old. Body weight status and body shape are measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), respectively, and further divided into categories of underweight, normal, and obese. Regression results indicate that larger values of BMI and WHR were associated with delayed entry into first marriage in urban women, whereas being overweight or obese was associated with accelerated transition to first marriage in rural men. Not only were these associations statistically significant, but their strengths were substantively remarkable. Findings from this study suggest that both body weight and body shape have important implications for marital success, independent of individual-level socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, and contribute to evolving gender and rural-urban disparities, as China is undergoing a rapid nutrition transition.
Crystal structure of bis­(1,1,2,2-tetra­methyl­diphosphane-1,2-di­thione-κ2S,S′)copper(I) tetra­fluorido­borate

In the title compound, [Cu(C4H12P2S2)2]BF4, both diphosphine di­sulfide mol­ecules bind to the CuI atom, as chelating ligands via the S atoms, forming a monovalent cation with a slightly distorted tetra­hedral coordination around the CuI atom. The average Cu—S distance is 2.350 (15) A, with small but possibly significant differences within each chelate ring. Ligand P=S distances average 1.964 (3) A, and the P—P distances are 2.2262 (13) and 2.2166 (14) A. The ligand chelate rings are twisted in opposite directions, with one in the λ and one in the δ configuration. Although the anisotropic displacement parameters of the F atoms of the anion are quite large compared to that of the B atom, difference Fourier syntheses indicate only one set of sites for the F atoms. In the crystal, possible C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds may stabilize the orientation. The B—F distances, uncorrected for libration, average 1.359 (6) A.
Sequence Analysis of Membrane Protein Fragments Isolated by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography

Sequence analysis of membrane proteins has been severely limited by the lack of effective chromatographic techniques for the separation of hydrophobic polypeptides. The crux of this problem is the insolubility of these peptides except under conditions which preclude the use of conventional chromatographic methods. Some progress has been made with gel permeation chromatography using organic solvents or concentrated organic acids, but these methods require large amounts of protein — something not usually available for membrane proteins. The recent advent of reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography (RPHPLC) has revolutionized the field of peptide separation. Polar peptides in particular can be separated in good yield, with high resolution, and sensitivity in the picomole range by a variety of solvent systems. The application of RPHPLC to the isolation of hydrophobic peptides, however, is less well developed. We have previously shown that a 44 residue hydrophobic segment of cytochrome b 5 can be isolated by RPHPLC using dilute phosphoric acid and acetonitrile (1,2).
Supplemental protein for beef cattle grazing dormant intermediate wheatgrass pasture: effects on nutrient quality, forage intake, digesta kinetics, grazing behavior, ruminal fermentation, and digestion.

Sixteen ruminally cannulated yearling beef cattle (British x British; average BW = 295 +/- 25 kg; three steers and one heifer per treatment) grazing dormant intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium Host) were allotted to four treatments: 1) no supplement (CON); 2) alfalfa hay (ALF; .52% of BW); 3) cottonseed meal (CSM; .22% of BW); and 4) corn gluten meal-wheat bran feed (CGMWBF; .36% of BW). Supplements were formulated (DM basis) so that intakes were isonitrogenous and were provided once daily (0700). Sampling periods were in February (FEB; .96% N in masticate), March (MAR; 1.06% N in masticate), and April (APR; 1.12% N in masticate) following an initial 21-d adaptation period. Daily grazing time was 1.1 to 1.5 h longer (P .15) by supplemental protein; however, total OMI was greater (P .10) by type of supplemental protein. Ruminal NH3 N concentration exhibited a treatment x sampling time interaction (P < .05). Type of protein supplement did not seem to affect most digestion measures; however, harvesting efficiency was influenced by supplement type.
A bottom-up approach to job recommendation system

Recommendation Systems are omnipresent on the web nowadays. Most websites today are striving to provide quality recommendations to their customers in order to increase and retain their customers. In this paper, we present our approaches to design a job recommendation system for a career based social networking website - XING. We take a bottom up approach: we start with deeply understanding and exploring the data and gradually build the smaller bits of the system. We also consider traditional approaches of recommendation systems like collaborative filtering and discuss its performance. The best model that we produced is based on Gradient Boosting algorithm. Our experiments show the efficacy of our approaches. This work is based on a challenge organized by ACM RecSys conference 2016. We achieved a final full score of 1,411,119.11 with rank 20 on the official leader board.
A conforming to interface structured adaptive mesh refinement technique for modeling fracture problems

A Conforming to Interface Structured Adaptive Mesh Refinement (CISAMR) technique is introduced for the automated transformation of a structured grid into a conforming mesh with appropriate element aspect ratios. The CISAMR algorithm is composed of three main phases: (i) Structured Adaptive Mesh Refinement (SAMR) of the background grid; (ii) r-adaptivity of the nodes of elements cut by the crack; (iii) sub-triangulation of the elements deformed during the r-adaptivity process and those with hanging nodes generated during the SAMR process. The required considerations for the treatment of crack tips and branching cracks are also discussed in this manuscript. Regardless of the complexity of the problem geometry and without using iterative smoothing or optimization techniques, CISAMR ensures that aspect ratios of conforming elements are lower than three. Multiple numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the application of CISAMR for modeling linear elastic fracture problems with intricate morphologies.
Student’s Adaptive Choice of Instruction Format

A spatially distributed instruction format (i.e., when information sources are presented side-by-side) has been found to be generally beneficial for learning statistics (Jang, Schunn, & Nokes, 2011). In a follow-up classroom study, we examined whether students generally selected the better format (i.e., faster problem solving with better understanding of materials; distributed format in this study) when given the choice and whether individual differences affect students’ instruction format preferences. Students were found to prefer the instruction format that matches to their ability (an adaptive choice): Students with high mental rotation and verbal learning ability preferred the spatially stacked format of instruction to a distributed format.
Zur Beachtung! Wichtig!

Als die Menschen inmitten der Sintflut die Ernsthaftigkeit der Lage erkannt hatten, begannen sie, fur sich Entschlusse zu fassen. Es gab enorme Schwierigkeiten, wenn Menschen andersartige Ansichten hatten, wie zu verfahren sei. Die Gemeinschaft grundete Beratungsstellen, die sich um unschlussige Menschen und uneinige Familien kummerten. Ein Beispiel aus dieser Hohenberatung, eines fur viele: „Wir beide — das ist mein neuer Freund — haben uns gerade kennen gelernt. Wir sind einfach zu verschieden, glauben Sie mir. Ich bin von Natur aus ein Hugelsturmer, er aber ist ein Ruhepol — und was fur einer. Sag’ doch auch einrnal etwas, du. Ich rede doch nicht allein, wir werden beide beraten. Also, ich bin mir ganz sicher, dass wir fortziehen sollten. Ich habe da ein bildschones Hugelgrundstuck im Auge, sehr hoch, uber der Siedlung der Individual-Lemminge, schoner Blick auf diese Huttenrnasse. Er hier will sein Haus in Kustennahe nicht aufgeben. Das hat noch Zeit, sagt er.“ — „Hat es auch, es regnet derzeit nicht stark. Sie regt sich auf. Sie will nicht unterhalb der Individual-Lernrninge wohnen, und ich soil nur deshalb meine Wohnung wechseln, da habe ich keine Lust. Es hat nichts mit dern Wasser zu tun, es geht urn ihr Image. Du hast Gluck, das du keins hast, sagt sie zu mir. Da hat sie zum Gluck Recht.”
The Storytelling Systems of Los Atlantis

LOS ATLANTIS was a multisite live performance created within a research effort exploring the simultaneous authorship of story and code. This case study describes the systems and interfaces for the authors and production team. The piece's story followed its characters as they explored the futuristic Archive of a historical city while accompanied by both physical and online audiences. Its systems aimed to make the contemporary city of the production in this case, Los Angeles the location of the historical city and Archive by dynamically integrating local media with the performances' actions and settings. Subsystems included an "active script" combining control code and traditional text, a distributed media repository on YouTube that fed real-time video manipulation and projection, a media gathering task assignment system, a web interface and separate mobile guide for the audience, and the necessary control and storage mechanisms. The case study concludes by briefly discussing successes and limitations of the process, and research challenges in authoring systems for related future work on enacted stories.
The Protozoa in Broad Perspective

Knowledge of the diversity of life, within a context of unifying biological concepts, is a valuable source of insight in advancing biological theory. A thorough understanding of biological diversity including variations in form, function, ecological roles, modes of reproduction, and genetic control of life processes is a rich source of information whereby creative and often practical insights are generated into the nature of life. Hence, a complete understanding of the broad range of living things (particularly some of the smallest and also most intricately organized forms of life) is an asset in advancing biological theory and devising innovative approaches to modern biological research. The diversity of protozoa provides a unique opportunity to explore some of these major biological themes in a comparative format. Protozoa span a spectrum of sizes from microscopic forms, barely larger than many bacteria, to those clearly visible with the unaided eye, and comparable in size to some of the smallest metazoa. The protozoa comprise a vast ensemble of organisms with wide diversity in morphology and environmental adaptations. One of the major unifying principles, however, amidst this diversity is the central defining idea of a protozoan; ie, a one-celled or colonial (polycellular) organism possessing all of the elegantly coordinated processes of life, usually (though not exclusively) animallike, within the boundaries of a single cell. Even the colonial forms, designated here as polycellular, may be considered fundamentally a loosely coupled set of single cells with most functions of the colony duplicated within each of the member unit cells.
Matching the quasiparton distribution in a momentum subtraction scheme

The quasiparton distribution is a spatial correlation of quarks or gluons along the $z$ direction in a moving nucleon which enables direct lattice calculations of parton distribution functions. It can be defined with a nonperturbative renormalization in a regularization independent momentum subtraction scheme (RI/MOM), which can then be perturbatively related to the collinear parton distribution in the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme. Here we carry out a direct matching from the RI/MOM scheme for the quasi-PDF to the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ PDF, determining the non-singlet quark matching coefficient at next-to-leading order in perturbation theory. We find that the RI/MOM matching coefficient is insensitive to the ultraviolet region of convolution integral, exhibits improved perturbative convergence when converting between the quasi-PDF and PDF, and is consistent with a quasi-PDF that vanishes in the unphysical region as the proton momentum ${P}^{z}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$, unlike other schemes. This direct approach therefore has the potential to improve the accuracy for converting quasidistribution lattice calculations to collinear distributions.
Adherence and persistence to ropinirole, pramipexole, and gabapentin in patients with newly diagnosed restless legs syndrome.

Abstract Study objectives The objective of this study is to assess adherence and persistence of ropinirole, pramipexole, and gabapentin; to investigate factors associated with non-adherence and non-persistence in restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients. Methods We used the 2008–2014 Marketscan® Research Databases to conduct a retrospective data analysis. The study included newly diagnosed RLS patients who initiated ropinirole, pramipexole, or gabapentin therapy. During 365 days of follow-up, mean medication possession ratios (MPRs) for adherence and the proportion of adherent users were calculated. The mean persistence (time to discontinuation) and the proportion of persistent users were also assessed during the same follow-up period. Factors associated with non-adherence and non-persistence were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Results This study included 5163 ropinirole, 3380 pramipexole, and 1353 gabapentin users. The mean MPRs for ropinirole, pramipexole, and gabapentin were 0.52, 0.52, and 0.48, respectively. The proportions of adherent users were 33.2%, 34.6%, and 27.4%, respectively. Mean time to treatment discontinuation was 158 days, 158 days, and 145 days, respectively. The proportions of persistent users at 365 days were 25.0%, 25.8%, and 20.6%, respectively. Younger age, higher number of concomitant medications, and gabapentin use (vs. ropinirole or pramipexole use) were positively associated with non-adherence and non-persistence. Additionally, retail pharmacy use (vs. mail order pharmacy use) and use of benzodiazepines were positively associated with non-adherence. Conclusion Adherence and persistence to ropinirole, pramipexole, and gabapentin were low in newly diagnosed RLS patients during 365 days of follow-up. Certain patient characteristics were predictors of non-adherence and non-persistence.
Hollow Fiber Contactors

Membrane contactors are commonly hollow fiber devices used as substitutes for packed towers. As such, they are alternative industrial geometries for carrying out gas absorption and liquid-liquid extraction. For gas absorption, they promise about thirty times better performance per equipment volume than conventional equipment. For liquid-liquid extraction, they exhibit about 500 times better performance than comparable exctraction towers. Nonetheless, these units are not used commercially except for special markets like blood oxygenators. The reason for their limited use seems less a matter of expense than of concern about their unproven performance under long term industrial operation.
An Apparatus for Heat Capacity Measurements of Thin Films

We have constructed a system for heat capacity measurements of thin films. The system is simple and versatile. It is capable of measuring absolute heat capacity as small as ∼.5erg/K at 3 K.
Classical Electrodynamics in Terms of a Direct Interparticle Hamiltonian

A usual-time Hamiltonian formalism for the Wheeler-Feynman Theory of Classical Electrodynamics is presented in which: (i) momenta canonically conjugate to the particle coordinates are defined and the associated problem of the inversion of these defining relations for particle velocities in terms of the particle coordinates and canonical momenta is formally solved; (ii) the equations of motion for the canonical variables are expressed in the Hamiltonian form; (iii) the usual definition and properties of the Poisson bracket are preserved. There are two new and essential properties of the Hamiltonian in this theory: (i) it is a functional of the canonical variables, as well as a function of them; (ii) in general, it is not conserved in time.
Structure, secrets, and Sesotho: Migrants' performance and Basotho national culture

Lesotho's economic and political dependency on South Africa affects every aspect of Basotho social and cultural life. In response, the concept of Sesotho, Basotho language and culture, has been ref...
Survey and Modeling Approach to Predicting Driver Turnover in Long-Haul Trucking:

In the long-haul trucking industry, the turnover rate for drivers has been consistently near or higher than 100% for many years (Fournier, Lamontagne, & Gagnon, 2012; LeMay, Williams, & Garver, 200...
Identification of target genes for RNAi-mediated control of the Twospotted Spider Mite

RNA interference (RNAi) is being developed for the management of pests that destroy crops. The twospotted Spider Mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae is a worldwide pest due to its unique physiological and behavioral characteristics including extraordinary ability to detoxify a wide range of pesticides and feed on many host plants. In this study, we conducted experiments to identify target genes that could be used for the development of RNAi-based methods to control TSSM. Leaf disc feeding assays revealed that knockdown in the expression genes coding for proteins involved in the biosynthesis and action of juvenile hormone (JH) and action of ecdysteroids [Methoprene-tolerant (Met), retinoid X receptor β, farnesoic acid O-methyltransferase, and CREB-binding protein] caused 35–56% mortality. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing hairpin dsRNA targeting Met gene were generated and tested. About 48% mortality was observed in TSSM raised on transgenic tobacco plants expressing dsMet. These studies not only broaden our knowledge on understanding hormone action in TSSM but also identified target genes that could be used in RNAi-mediated control of TSSM.
Utility of routine pretreatment evaluation of left ventricular ejection fraction in breast cancer patients receiving anthracyclines.

Anthracycline-based chemotherapy is widely used in the management of breast cancer. Despite the lack of clinical evidence, obtaining prechemotherapy left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiogram or multigated acquisition scan is a widely adopted practice throughout the world. We present here the results of a retrospective analysis of breast cancer patients who had LVEF measurements in anticipation of an anthracycline chemotherapy to determine whether predefined cardiac risk factors predicted for poor cardiac function. Retrospective data were analyzed from 482 female breast cancer patients in whom LVEF was measured before starting anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Baseline demographics and multiple risk factors associated with congestive heart failure were collected. Twenty-six possible risk factors for CHF were defined, and the frequency of finding an abnormal LVEF as a function of total risk factors was assessed. Statistical tests include chi-squared and logistic regression analysis. The median age of the study population was 52 years. The original chemotherapy plan was changed in 7 patients (1.45%) based on LVEF findings, all of which had asymptomatic LV dysfunction (LVEF ranging 40%-50%). In 32 patients, despite normal LVEF results, anthracyclines were omitted secondary to prior cardiac issues. In 17 patients where LVEF was reported normal, anthracyclines were skipped based on patient's preference, tumor characteristics, or upstaging of the cancer based on imaging studies. No patient with ≤2 risk factors had an abnormal LVEF (N = 350). The probability of finding an abnormal LVEF in patients without any cardiac risk factors is extremely rare. Skipping baseline LVEF assessment may be an option in some patients with no cardiac risk factors undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy.
Predictors of Citations of Systematic Reviews in Oral Implantology: A Cross-Sectional Bibliometric Analysis:

Citation count is an important measure of academic productivity and evidence dissemination. This cross-sectional bibliometric assessment is aimed at identifying predictors of citations of systemati...
Experimental techniques employed for photoelastic analysis of cellular shells: Study includes stress analysis in the elastic range, stress analysis in the nonlinear range, stress concentration in T-beam fillets, and buckling tests on cellular shells

The search for a shell construction superior to the usual ring-stiffened shells in strength and stability under external pressure with minimum weight has led to consideration of several other shell wall constructions.1 The cellular-shell structure is one of the most promising designs of shells because of its ability to withstand high-pressure loading while maintaining a high degree of material efficiency.
Introduction: Identity, Memory, and Trauma

In the introduction, I provide an account of the origins of cultural trauma theory and then follow the evolution of the theory through my own work and the work of others. In doing this I point out both the various points of emphasis that have thus far defined this research agenda and the fissures that run through and between its sundry iterations. I then furnish an overview of the chapters that comprise the present volume.
Upregulation of Tissue Factor in Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes from Patients with Myeloproliferative Disorders and Inhibition by Hydroxyurea Treatment.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from healthy subjects can produce and store tissue factor (TF), which is expressed on PMN surface upon in vitro stimulation with P-selectin. We report here that platelets and PMN from 12 patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) (6 Polycytemia Vera, 6 Essential Thrombocythemia) show up regulation of P-selectin and TF, respectively, in the absence of any in vitro challenge, in comparison to healthy subjects (31±5 vs. 2.8±0.4 percent of P-selectin-positive platelets and 6.4±1.3 vs. 0.8±0.3 percent of TF-positive PMN, both differences P In vitro studies performed on PMN separated from healthy donors confirmed HU effects (0–1,400 microM). HU prevented both P-selectin-induced TF expression and mixed cell aggregate formation. The inhibitory effect of HU was specific for P-selectin induced PMN activation, as it did not affect fMLP-induced PMN TF expression. Thus, in MPD patients, platelet P-selectin-mediated TF expression on circulating PMN may play a role in thrombus formation and represents a novel target for the antithrombotic activity of HU.
I can't drink what I used to: The interaction between ethanol and the aging brain

The population of most countries is increasing and the United Nations predicts that by the year 2050 those over the age of 60 years old will increase from 900 million individuals to approximately 2.1 billion individuals (United Nations, 2015). The increase in the number of older individuals will place a strain on many national health care systems making it important to investigate behaviors in the aged that may negatively impact general health in this demographic. Recent work has shown that older adults consume alcohol, often at levels that exceed the legal limit of intoxication. Unfortunately, consumption of high levels of ethanol in the older population is associated with many health consequences and may negatively impact the brain. Given ethical constraints found in many biomedical studies, animal models are needed to investigate the possible negative impact of high ethanol use in aged populations. However, few studies have investigated the effect of ethanol exposure in aged animals compared to ethanol exposure in younger animals and consequently the impact of ethanol in the aged population is not well understood. The current review summarizes initial work establishing the impact of ethanol in aged animals. The reviewed research studies support the working hypothesis that ethanol exposure produces significantly greater effects in aged animals compared to younger animals on many, if not all, behavioral tasks. In addition, the review proposes several initial, promising avenues of research to explore the neurobiological mechanisms that underly greater effects on ethanol-induced ataxia, cognition and sleep time. It is hoped that this effort will not only lead to a better understanding of behaviors impacted by ethanol in aged animals, but also improve the understanding brain mechanisms of the reported increased sensitivity to ethanol in the aged population.
Addressing Root Drivers of Land-Climate Dynamics

This Reflection considers recommendations of the recent report "Climate Change and Land." Applied climate science largely connects physical outcomes to available social proxies: population density and income per capita. We argue for deeper engagement with social systems, particularly a better understanding of how corporations (agribusiness and energy) shape social and environmental change.
Measuring and reducing the disequilibrium levels of dynamic networks with ride-sourcing vehicle data

Abstract Transportation systems are being reshaped by ride sourcing and shared mobility services in recent years. The transportation network companies (TNCs) have been collecting high-granular ride-sourcing vehicle (RV) trajectory data over the past decade, while it is still unclear how the RV data can improve current dynamic network modeling for network traffic management. This paper proposes to statistically estimate network disequilibrium level (NDL), namely to what extent the dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) conditions are deviated in real-world networks. Using the data based on RV trajectories, we present a novel method to estimate the real-world NDL measure. More importantly, we present a method to compute zone-to-zone travel time data from trajectory-level RV data. This would become a data sharing scheme for TNCs such that, while being used to effectively estimate and reduce NDL, the zone-to-zone data reveals neither personally identifiable information nor trip-level business information if shared with the public. In addition, we present an NDL based traffic management method to perform user optimal routing on a small fraction of vehicles in the network. The NDL measures and NDL-based routing are examined on two real-world large-scale networks: the City of Chengdu with trajectory-level RV data and the City of Pittsburgh with zone-to-zone travel time data. We found that, on weekdays in each city, NDLs are likely high when travel demand is high (thus when congestion is mild or heavy). Generally, a weekend midnight exhibits higher NDLs than a weekday midnight. Many NDL patterns are different between Chengdu and Pittsburgh, which are attributed to unique characteristics of both demand and supply in each city. For instance, NDL in Pittsburgh is much more stable from day to day and from hour to hour, comparing to Chengdu. In addition, we observe that origin-destination pairs with high NDLs are spatially and temporally sparse for both cities. For the Pittsburgh network, we evaluate the effectiveness of NDL-based traffic routing, which shows great potential to reduce total travel time with routing a small fraction of vehicles (1% in the experiments), even using dated NDL that is estimated in the prior hour.
A Mixed Methods–Grounded Theory Design for Producing More Refined Theoretical Models:

Current literature lacks explication of how traditional grounded theory and mixed methods–grounded theory (MM-GT) are similar/different and specific explication of how to construct MM-GT designs—ou...
The case of the missing maps: cartographic action in Ho Chi Minh City

In May 2018, Ho Chi Minh City officials declared that they had lost the original planning maps to the city’s most important urban development project. The case of the missing maps revealed core ten...
For which younger siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder does parent-mediated intervention work?

In this second of two primary papers, we examined moderators of treatment effects for younger siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders whose parents were taught to use a parent-implement...
The Need to Focus Research on Adolescent Cannabis Use Interventions.

* Abbreviations: BI — : brief intervention CUD — : cannabis use disorder MI — : motivational interviewing Nearly one half of all 12th-graders in the United States have used cannabis in their lifetime, with more than one third during the past year, and almost one quarter in the past month.1 Among individuals who have ever used cannabis, the lifetime risk of developing cannabis use disorder (CUD) is 8% to 12%.2 With no effective pharmacologic treatment, interventions for adolescents and young adults with CUD rely on psychological modalities. Brief interventions (BIs), defined as “practices that aim to investigate a potential problem and motivate an individual to begin to do something about his substance abuse, either by natural, client-directed means or by seeking additional substance abuse treatment,”3 including techniques such as motivational interviewing (MI), appear well suited for the pediatrician’s office, and is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics.4 In this issue of Pediatrics , Steele et al5 synthesized 22 trials of BI in adolescents (12–20 years old) with problematic substance use and estimated effects on alcohol use, cannabis use, and substance-related problems. They found that although MI reduced heavy … Address correspondence to William P. Adelman, MD, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Mercy Hospital, 3101 Broadway Blvd, Kansas City, MO 64111. E-mail: wpadelman{at}cmh.edu
Kant's Hermeneutics of Progress

Kant's Idea for a Universal History from a Cosmopolitan Point of View proposes a method of historiography according to which humanity is depicted as progressing towards a state of freedom, perpetual peace, and cosmopolitanism. In short, it puts forward what one might call a hermeneutics of progress: a self-consciously political exegetical framework. This paper locates the hermeneutic in Kant's political essays and explores a number of its characteristics, for instance, its self-reflexivity. The hermeneutic is seen to be more than a call for politically progressive historiography but also a broader philosophy of history that challenges institutional assumptions.
The Second World Wars: How the First Global Conflict Was Fought and Won: New York: Basic Books, 652 pp., $22.97, ISBN 1541674103, Publication Date: September 2020

“The Allies learned to fight like the Axis; the Axis never learned to produce like Allies” (513), writes Victor Davis Hanson near the end of his massive study of the Second World War. In typically ...
Buffeting and Self-Excited Load Measurements to Evaluate Ice and Dry Galloping of Yawed Power Transmission Lines

AbstractDry and ice galloping of power transmission lines (conductors) that occur at moderate to large wind speeds cause large-amplitude motion in these long-suspended cables. This phenomenon can c...
Growth conditions and mechanisms for IrOx nano-platelet formation by reactive sputtering

Abstract Iridium oxide (IrOx) forms a wide array of tailorable nanostructures, including plates, rods, and cones. Despite a strong body of literature on nanostructured IrOx, prior work did not explore the specific growth conditions and mechanisms for platelet formation. Here we report on how IrOx nanoplatelets take their form during DC reactive sputtering deposition, highlight the conditions and growth mechanisms that lead to unique nanostructures, and demonstrate changes in morphology and crystal orientation via x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The XRD spectra indicate that IrOx undergoes a substantial transition with increasing oxygen flow rate during deposition, with the initial face-centered cubic (1 1 1), (2 0 0) and (2 2 0) peaks vanishing, while the rutile (1 0 1) and (1 1 0) peaks emerge, with several intermediate peaks indicating transition species. Ultimately (1 0 1) emerges as the preferred orientation of the IrOx nanostructures, as evidenced by the time-series XRD spectra. Corresponding stress analysis indicates that in the absence of oxygen flow, the IrOx films are highly compressive, and that the film stress becomes significantly less compressive with increasing oxygen flow. This unlocks the use of IrOx as a highly tailorable nanostructured material, ranging from dense film to high aspect ratio platelets, by simply adjusting oxygen flow rate and/or sputtering time.