cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Israeli Image Repair: Recasting the Deviant Actor to Retell the Story

When Israeli citizens commit terrorist attacks against other Israeli citizens, they problematize the dominant Western news narrative that says that Palestinians commit terrorist attacks against Israelis who respond in self-defense. The citizen-terrorist also wrecks the image boundaries of “terrorist” and “citizen,” because citizens are normally victims of terrorism. This study scrutinizes how elite U.S. print reporters covered three different terrorist attacks committed by Israeli citizens against Israeli citizens. Two attacks were carried out by Arab Israelis and one was carried out by an Israeli Jew. In all three cases, reporters managed to repair the image of the “citizen” by suggesting that terrorism came from the West Bank, not Israel. However, reporters repaired the image of the Jewish Israeli but not did repair the Arab Israeli image. By restoring the dominant images of Jew-as-victim and Arab-as-aggressor, reporters managed to re-invoke the narrative that Arabs attack Israelis.
Late Cretaceous remagnetization of Proterozoic mafic dikes, southern Highland Mountains, southwestern Montana: A paleomagnetic and 40Ar/39Ar study

Paleomagnetic results from Early Proterozoic metabasite sills and Middle Proterozoic diabase dikes from the southern Highland Mountains of southwestern Montana give well-defined, dual-polarity magnetizations that are statistically identical to those from a small Late Cretaceous pluton that cuts the dikes. The concordance of paleomagnetic directions from rocks of three widely separated ages indicates that the Proterozoic rocks were remagnetized, probably during Late Cretaceous time. Paleomagnetic, rock magnetic, and petrographic observations from the metabasite and diabase samples indicate that remanence is carried primarily by low-Ti magnetite. Combining virtual geomagnetic poles from metabasite sills, diabase dikes, and the Late Cretaceous pluton, we obtain a paleomagnetic pole at 85.5°N, 310.7°E ( K = 19.9, A 95 = 9.1°, N = 14 sites) that is similar to a reference pole from the 74 Ma Adel Mountain Volcanics of western Montana. Biotite and hornblende 40 Ar/ 39 Ar isotopic dates from host basement gneiss and a hornblende from a remagnetized metabasite sill yield ages of ca. 1800 Ma; these dates probably record cooling of the southern Highland Mountains following high-grade metamorphism at 1.9–1.8 Ga. The gneiss and metabasite age spectra show virtually no evidence of disturbance, indicating that the basement rocks were never heated to temperatures sufficient to cause even partial resetting of their argon systems. Thus, the overprint magnetization of the Highland Mountains rocks is not a thermoremanent magnetization acquired during conductive cooling of nearby Late Cretaceous plutons. Remagnetization of the metabasite sills and diabase dikes was probably caused by localized thermochemical and thermoviscous effects during circulation of Late Cretaceous hydrothermal fluids related to epithermal mineralization. The absence of significant disturbance to the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age spectrum from the remagnetized metabasite hornblende indicates that some secondary magnetizations may go unrecognized and undated, even if 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating is applied.
More on the no‐DP analysis of article‐less languages*

Abstract. This reply shows that arguments against the no-DP analysis (Bo✓kovic 2005, 2008), according to which article-less languages do not have DP, given in Pereltsvaig 2007) do not go through. Additionally, it is shown that ordering restrictions on demonstratives, possessives, and adjectives in Serbo-Croation follow from the semantics of the elements in question. These elements can be generated in any order in the syntx, with the semantics filtering out the unacceptable orders. The goal of this reply is to address the arguments against the no-DP analysis of Boskovic (2005), according to which languages without articles do not project DP (see also Boskovic 2008), given in Pereltsvaig (2007).1 The latter work erroneously attributes several properties to the no-DP analysis; it also incorrectly cites Boskovic (2005), attributing a statement made regarding English to a statement regarding article-less languages.
Application of an SOI 0.12-µm CMOS technology to SoCs with low-power and high-frequency circuits

Systems-on-chips (SoCs) that combine digital and high-speed communication circuits present new opportunities for power-saving designs. This results from both the large number of system specifications that can be traded off to minimize overall power and the inherent low capacitance of densely integrated devices. As shown in this paper, aggressively scaled silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS is a promising technology for SoCs for several reasons: Transistor scaling leads to active power reduction in the sub-50-nm-channel-length regime, standard interconnect supports the high-quality passive devices essential to communications circuitry, and high-speed analog circuits on SOI are state of the art in terms of both performance and power dissipation. We discuss the migration of a complete digital circuit library from bulk to SOI to prove that SOI CMOS supports ASIC-style as well as fully custom circuit design.
Effects of Multiphase Flow on Internal CO2 Corrosion of Mild Steel Pipelines

The focus in this paper is on the effects of multiphase flow on CO2 corrosion of mild steel pipelines. The significance of mass transfer in turbulent flow is discussed first: (i) when an increased rate of mass transfer of corrosive species, such as H+ ions, to the steel surface leads to an acceleration of the cathodic reactions and a higher corrosion rate and (ii) when an increased mass-transfer rate of the corrosion product, ferrous ions (Fe2+), away from the steel surface makes it harder to form protective ferrous carbonate layers. The mechanical interaction of the flow with the pipe walls is discussed next, where the wall shear stress is often blamed for removal of protective surface layers, such as iron carbonate or inhibitor films. Using macroscopic as well as atomic scale measurements [atomic force microscopy (AFM)], it was found that it is very unlikely that truly protective surface layers can be removed by mechanical forces alone. The other multiphase flow effects on corrosion, such as the effect ...
SAFEMITS Distributed Services in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Dynamic mobile ad hoc networks, such as those encountered on the battlefield or on todays electronic roadway-the Internet, would benefit from a secure selforganizing mobile network infrastructure to gather and disseminate real-time information. In a large commercial or noncommercial network it is conceivable that a substantial number of highly mobile data sources and users may be scattered over a wide area with little or no fixed network support. These unstructured mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET) consist of a wide variety of information sources and require the use of distributed services and specialized networking protocols to address the challenges of mobility, dispersion, dynamic reconfiguration along with enhanced security systems to prevent against attack or intrusion. Our work described in this paper introduces the Secure Architecture For Extensible Mobile Internet Transport Services architecture based on three distributed services referred to as lookup, compositional and adaptation services. By incorporating multiple security mechanisms, it is possible to secure application specific network and system services defined in a distributed mobile ad-hoc network.
International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) Lymph Node Map: Radiologic Review with CT Illustration

Accurate clinical or pretreatment stage classification of lung cancer leads to optimal treatment outcomes and improved prognostication. Such classification requires an accurate assessment of the clinical extent of regional lymph node metastasis. Consistent and reproducible regional lymph node designations facilitate reliable assessment of the clinical extent of regional lymph node metastasis. Regional lymph node maps, such as the Naruke lymph node map and the Mountain-Dresler modification of the American Thoracic Society lymph node map, were proposed for this purpose in the past. The most recent regional lymph node map to be published is the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) lymph node map. The IASLC lymph node map supersedes all previous maps and should be used in tandem with the current seventh edition of the tumor, node, metastasis stage classification for lung cancer.
The small GTPase Rap1 is a novel regulator of RPE cell barrier function.

PURPOSE. To determine whether the small GTPase Rap1 regulates the formation and maintenance of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell junctional barrier. METHODS. An in vitro model was used to study RPE barrier properties. To dissect the role of Rap1, two techniques were used to inhibit Rap1 function: overexpression of RapGAP, which acts as a negative regulator of endogenous Rap1 activity, and treatment with engineered, adenovirally-transduced microRNAs to knockdown Rap1 protein expression. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and real-time cellular analysis (RTCA) of impedance were used as readouts for barrier properties. Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to visualize localization of cadherins under steady state conditions and also during junctional reassembly after calcium switch. Finally, choroidal endothelial cell (CEC) migration across RPE monolayers was quantified under conditions of Rap1 inhibition in RPE. RESULTS. Knockdown of Rap1 or inhibition of its activity in RPE reduces TER and electrical impedance of the RPE monolayers. The loss of barrier function is also reflected by the mislocalization of cadherins and formation of gaps within the monolayer. TER measurement and immunofluorescent staining of cadherins after a calcium switch indicate that junctional reassembly kinetics are also impaired. Furthermore, CEC transmigration is significantly higher in Rap1-knockdown RPE monolayers compared with control. CONCLUSIONS. Rap1 GTPase is an important regulator of RPE cell junctions, and is required for maintenance of barrier function. This observation that RPE monolayers lacking Rap1 allow greater transmigration of CECs suggests a possible role for potentiating choroidal neovascularization during the pathology of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:7455‐7463) DOI:10.1167/iovs.117295
Understanding the Hows and Whys of Decision-Making: From Expected Utility to Divisive Normalization.

Over the course of the last century, economists and ethologists have built detailed models from first principles of how humans and animals should make decisions. Over the course of the last few decades, psychologists and behavioral economists have gathered awealth of data at variancewith the predictions of these economic models. This has led to the development of highly descriptive models that can often predict what choices people or animals will make but without offering any insight into why people make the choices that they do—especially when those choices reduce a decision-maker’s well-being. Over the course of the last two decades, neurobiologists working with economists and psychologists have begun to use our growing understanding of how the nervous system works to develop new models of how the nervous system makes decisions. The result, a growing revolution at the interdisciplinary border of neuroscience, psychology, and economics, is a new field called Neuroeconomics. Emerging neuroeconomic models stand to revolutionize our understanding of human and animal choice behavior bycombiningfundamentalpropertiesofneurobiologicalrepresentationwithdecision-theoreticanalyses.Inthisoverview,one class of these models, based on the widely observed neural computation known as divisive normalization, is presented in detail. The work demonstrates not only that a discrete class of computation widely observed in the nervous system is fundamentally ubiquitous, but how that computation shapes behaviors ranging from visual perception to financial decision-making. It also offers the hope of reconciling economic analysis of what choices we should make with psychological observations of the choices we actually do make.
Identification of Pyrilamine Metabolites by Ammonia Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry

The ammonia chemical ionization mass spectrometric analysis of pyrilamine, the N-oxide of pyrilamine, and related compounds is described. The use of ammonia as the reagent gas produced excellent [M + H] § ions for these compounds. The suitability of this method for the analysis of two rat urinary metabolites of pyrilamine is demonstrated.
Echocardiographic, Histopathologic, and Surgical Findings in Staphylococcus lugdunensis Mitral Valve Endocarditis After Prostate Biopsy

A 66-year-old white man presented to the emergency department with a 4-day history of progressive dyspnea, cough, and hemoptysis. The patient was known to have mitral valve prolapse confirmed by transthoracic echocardiogram, performed 9 months before his present admission. The transthoracic echocardiogram had shown a myxomatous mitral valve with prolapse of the P2 scallop and severe eccentric mitral regurgitation (MR) that was anteriorly directed. The mitral regurgitant fraction using the volumetric method was 69%. The left ventricular (LV) end diastolic dimension was 4.8 cm, and the LV end systolic dimension was 3.3 cm, both within normal limits. The LV systolic function was normal with ejection fraction (modified Simpson’s rule) of 58%. The right ventricular dimensions were normal (apical 4-chamber view: long axis, 7.2 cm; midshort axis, 2.2 cm; inflow short axis, 2.5 cm). The right ventricular systolic function was normal. The peak pulmonary artery systolic pressure was 30 mm Hg, with estimated right atrial pressure of 5 mm Hg. The patient had a transrectal prostate biopsy done to rule out carcinoma a few weeks before his presentation to the emergency department. On examination, he was hypotensive (blood pressure, 96/61 mm Hg), tachycardic (heart rate, 122 beats per minute), and in respiratory distress (36 breaths per minute with oxygen saturation of 86% on room air and 98% on facemask). Cardiovascular examination was remarkable for grade 5 of 6, holosystolic murmur along the left sternal border, and the presence of significant bibasilar rales. There were numerous palpable petechial lesions on the skin (Figure 1). After admission to the coronary care unit, the …
Mutual anonymity protocols for hybrid peer-to-peer systems

In a hybrid peer-to-peer (P2P) system, some operations are intentionally centralized, such as indexing of peers' files. We present several protocols to achieve mutual communication anonymity between an information requester and a provider in a hybrid P2P information-sharing environment with trusted index servers such that neither the requester, nor the provider can identify each other and no other peers can identify the two communicating parties with certainty. Some existing protocols provide solutions to achieve mutual anonymity in pure P2P systems without any trusted central controls. Compared with two representative protocols, our proposed mutual anonymity protocols improve efficiency by utilizing trusted third parties and aiming at both reliability and low-cost. We show that with some limited central support, our protocols can accomplish the goals of anonymity, efficiency, and reliability. We have evaluated our techniques in a browser-sharing environment. We show that the average increase in response time caused by our protocols is trivial, and these protocols show advantages over existing protocols in a hybrid P2P system.
The Persistence of Sovereignty and the Rise of the Legal Subject

Several states have considered bills aimed at preventing courts from enforcing, considering, or relying on both religious and international law. This legislative pushback on international and religious law reflects a concerted effort to consolidate legal authority by asserting the state as the only source of legitimate law. As the core of this controversy stands an age-old philosophical dispute over the relationship between sovereignty and law: Does state sovereignty preclude the possibility of law both above the state – that is, international law – and below the state – that is, religious and customary law? This tension tracks a long-standing fissure within legal positivism. In this chapter, Professor Helfand considers the works of two early positivists – Thomas Hobbes and John Austin, who understood the concept of law as inextricably linked to the notion of sovereignty. In his seminal work The Concept of Law, H.L.A. Hart responded to this theory, decoupling the link between law and sovereignty. Hart believed law could exist even in the absence of a legal system, allowing for the possibility of a form of legal pluralism. Helfand elaborates on this possibility of law without a legal system, emphasizing the importance of the distinction for understanding the dilemmas of the legal subject.
Tumor-Specific Antigens

Tumor-specific antigens are detectable only in malignant tumors and not in adult tissue under normal conditions. Many such antigens have been found in experimental tumors. One can say that practically every experimental tumor which was examined carefully enough was shown to contain these antigens. In the rare cases when such antigens were not found, one can always say that the search was not thorough enough. The search for such antigens in human tumors in recent years has produced evidence that human tumors also contain such antigens.
Beta-Gamma Directional Correlation in Re 188

The directional correlation between the 1960-keV beta group and the 155-keV gamma in the decay of ${\mathrm{Re}}^{188}$ has been measured. The coefficient ${A}_{2}$ is found to vary from about 0.17 to about 0.25 over the energy range $W=3$ to $W=4.3$. Limitations on the matrix elements for the sequence ${1}^{\ensuremath{-}}(\ensuremath{\beta}){2}^{+}(\ensuremath{\gamma}){0}^{+}$ are discussed. It is found that the directional correlation and a variety of beta spectral shapes may be fitted for values of the parameter $|{\ensuremath{\zeta}}_{1}|$ greater than some minimum value which is dependent upon the spectral shape. Information is presented on further limitations of the matrix elements which will result when the shape is known and some discussion is given for the role of a measurement of the beta-circularly polarized gamma correlation.
Cooperative Systems Under Communication Delay

In this paper, dynamic feasibility of a finite set of distributed systems to engage in a formation is investigated. When system design capabilities such as state and input constraints are given, formation options may be limited due to modeling errors, exogenous inputs and initial condition uncertainties. These underlying factors in turn affect the feasibility of interconnections, which are the design variables used to synthesize a formation. In leader-follower framework, it is shown that, in some cases, the communication delay has a favorable effect on the feasibility of interconnections. That is, analogous to the computational time delay used to phase stabilize a dynamical system, the communication delay converts infeasible interconnections into feasible and increases formation options. A mobile robot example is provided for illustration. Aggressive maneuvers in control of distributed systems (DS) are anticipated when DS are instructed to follow higher-level policies and perform a certain cooperative control operation. These instructions are typically static decisions based on factors such as obstacle avoidance, geographical constraints, system capabilities and targetthreat distributions. The dynamic interaction of these same factors may force the DS to perform complex maneuvers to meet mission constraints. In such operations, it is important to consider the system capabilities resulting from design constraints. The subject of dynamic feasibility considers input and state constraints (or any other design constraints) of the DS and develops a methodology to determine whether or not a particular system is maneuverable subject to its uncertain initial conditions.
FLUID FLOW AND INCLUSION'S COLLISION-GROWTH IN THE SLAB CONTINUOUS CASTING MOLD

A mathematical model was developed to study the fluid flow and inclusion collision- growth in the slab continuous caster.Due to the interaction of the moving solidifying shell and the upward flow,a small corner-vortex appeared near the narrow face of the mold,which led to the peak values of inclusion's concentration,number density and characteristic radius near the narrow face. The convective transfer of molten steel is a key factor to influence the inclusion distribution.In the upper recirculation zone,the inclusions exhibited annular distribution.Under the mold,the inclusion exhibited"W"shape distribution and"8"shape distribution in the middle plane and horizontal plane,respectively.Under the nozzle,the inclusion exhibited"V"shape at the narrow face and symmetry plane.
Influence of zeranol and breed on growth, composition of gain, and plasma hormone concentrations.

Seven Angus and six Brangus steers averaging 225 and 245 kg, respectively, were assigned randomly to zeranol (36 mg) implant (I) and no implant (NI) treatments. Steers had ad libitum access to a corn silage diet plus .68 kg of a soybean meal-based supplement fed daily. Steers were bled via jugular catheters on d 0, 28, 56, and 84 at 15-min intervals for 4 h before and 4 h after feeding. Concentrations of growth hormone (GH), insulin (INS), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and glucose were determined. Whole-body protein and fat contents were monitored. A breed x I interaction (for d 56 to 84 and d 0 to 84) was observed for ADG (P less than .05 and P less than .07, respectively), feed conversion (P less than .05 and P less than .07, respectively), and protein deposition (for d 0 to 29 and d 0 to 84; P less than .07 and P less than .05, respectively). These interactions were attributed to a greater response to I by Angus than by Brangus steers. A feeding x period interaction (P less than .10) was observed for mean GH concentration, and INS, T4, and T3 concentrations were higher (P less than .05) during the 4-h postfeeding period than during the 4-h prefeeding period. The implant increased (P less than .08) mean GH concentration but did not alter the frequency, duration, or amplitude of plasma GH peaks. Steers that were implanted had lower (P less than .05) plasma T3. Brangus steers had lower (P less than .05) plasma glucose, T3, and T4 concentrations than Angus steers. Results indicate that growth factors beyond those measured are responsible for the anabolic response to zeranol.
Glutathione protects signal transduction in type II cells under oxidant stress

Brief exposure of type II cells to 100 microM t-butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH) inhibits agonist-induced surfactant secretion and second messenger generation presumably through the oxidation of membran...
High resolution of heterogeneity among human neutrophil granules: physical, biochemical, and ultrastructural properties of isolated fractions

Previous studies on the fractionation of human neutrophil granules have identified two major populations: myeloperoxidase (MPO)-containing azurophil, or primary, granules and MPO-deficient specific, or secondary, granules. Peripheral blood neutrophils from individual donors were lysed in sucrose-free media by either hypotonic shock or nitrogen cavitation. Using a novel two-gradient Percoll density centrifugation system, the granule-rich postnuclear supernatant was rapidly (ten minutes) and reproducibly resolved into 13 granule fractions (L1 through L8 and H1 through H5). Granule flotation and recentrifugation experiments on both continuous, self-generated and multiple-step gradients using individual and mixed isolated fractions demonstrated that the banding patterns were isopycnic and nonartifactual. Isolated granules were intact based on the findings that biochemical latency of several granule enzymes was greater than 95%, and thin-sectioned electron micrographs demonstrated intact granule profiles. Biochemical analyses of the granule marker proteins MPO, beta-glucuronidase, lysozyme, and lactoferrin indicated that a number of the fractions were related to the major azurophil and specific granule populations. Lactoferrin was found in ten of 13 fractions (L1 through L8, H1 to H2), whereas MPO was found in every fraction. Consistent with these biochemical data, all fractions exhibited varying degrees of heterogeneity based on ultrastructural morphology and cytochemistry, including diaminobenzidine (DAB) reactivity for peroxidase and periodate-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate (PA-TCH-SP) staining for complex glycoconjugates. A variable but significant percentage (23% to 70%) of the granules in fractions L1 through L8 and H1 and H2 showed DAB reactivity, while about 90% of the granules in fractions H3 through H5 were peroxidase positive. These results demonstrated that DAB-reactive granules spanned the entire range of granule size and density. Ultrastructural PA-TCH-SP staining of isolated granule fractions revealed patterns similar to those of granules in intact neutrophils at different stages of development. Granules from human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) exhibited a surprisingly low density compared with typical azurophil granules from normal, mature neutrophils. The data suggest that both functional and maturational differences contribute to granule heterogeneity, and provide a new practical and conceptual framework for further defining the phenomenon of neutrophil granule heterogeneity.
Transforming Impossible into Possible (TIP): a bottom-up practice in workforce development for low-income jobseekers

This paper discusses an evidence-informed bottom-up transformative social work practice model that holistically encapsulates multi-system levels of practice. Based on 12 years of empirical evidence on psychological self-sufficiency (PSS), the Transforming Impossible into Possible (TIP) program was developed to focuses on the ‘process’ of human agency development that leads to economic self-sufficiency (ESS) ‘outcomes’. It attempts to bring together various modalities of social work practice into a transformational leadership development framework that reflects a bottom-up, participant-centered approach to empowering individuals to impact larger systems. In workforce development practice, it is being regarded that constructs reflected in TIP improve both employment and retention outcomes. Keywords: psychological self-sufficiency, humanship, psychological capital, workforce development, empowerment, low-income, transformative social work.
Makerspaces in Libraries.

Makerspaces in Libraries begins with a thorough overview of various types of makerspaces (e.g., hackerspaces, hackspaces, FabLabs), including distinguishing characteristics and histories and how th...
Books and Exhibits: Creative Brokering

(1989). Books and Exhibits. Journal of Museum Education: Vol. 14, Common Agendas, pp. 17-19.
Anti-[18F] FACBC (FACBC) PET-CT and multiparametric MR (mp-MR) imaging in the detection of recurrent prostate cancer

456 Objectives To investigate the ability of mp-MR and amino acid PET imaging with FACBC to detect local and extraprostatic recurrence of prostate cancer Methods Patients post local therapy (non-prostatectomy) with subsequent PSA failure underwent FACBC PET-CT and MR of the abdomen and pelvis. FACBC and the MR were first blindly interpreted individually and then co-registered and interpreted in consensus for prostatic and extraprostatic disease. Interpretations employed the following confidence levels (CL): 1-definitively negative; 2 -probably negative; 3-equivocal; 4-probably positive; 5-definitively positive. (CL 1 or 2 grouped as negative; 4 or 5 grouped as positive). Descriptive statistics and degree of discordance /concordance between FACBC and MR were calculated as well as how the CL changed after joint PET-MR read. Results 21 patients with mean PSA (±SD) of 7.9 (±5.9) had FACBC and MR. Distribution of interpretive confidence levels is shown in Table 1 and Figure 1. In prostate bed, there was 57.1% discordance in CL (positive, negative and equivocal) between FACBC and MR, while it was 31.1% for extraprostatic disease. In the prostate bed, there were no equivocal reads on FACBC-PET but 52.3% equivocals on MR. For extraprostatic disease, there were also no equivocal reads on FACBC-PET but 9.5% equivocal on MR. On joint PET-MR, confidence levels improved by 91% and 50% away from equivocal on MR for prostatic and extraprostatic disease respectively. Overall, on the PET-MR joint read, positivity rate was 90.5 % in the prostate bed and 38.1% for extraprostatic disease. Conclusions Dual modality interpretations using FACBC-PET and mp-MR improved the confidence level of interpretation with fewer equivocals on MR, more so in the prostate bed than for extraprostatic disease Research Support Grant Type: 5P50 CA 128301-05, Emory Molecular and Translational Imaging Research Center Support: Blue Earth Diagnostics National Institutes of Health
Distinguishing the effects of B2B information quality, system quality, and service outcome quality on trust and distrust

Abstract Successful business-to-business (B2B) data exchanges can help firms improve inter-organizational cooperation and operational practices, thereby increasing competitive advantage. However, data exchange quality and trust are not assured. Further, although researchers have examined how trust in the exchange partner relates to data exchange system success, both trust and distrust may be important to consider. Using two-factor theory and trust theory, we examine the differential impacts of information quality, system quality, and service outcome quality on trusting and distrusting beliefs. We also study whether trusting and distrusting beliefs have differential influences on relationship commitment and perceived risk. Results from a laboratory experiment show that information quality, a process (i.e., motivating) factor, more strongly influences trusting beliefs than distrusting beliefs, whereas service outcome quality, an outcome (i.e., hygiene) factor, more strongly influences distrusting beliefs. Also, while trusting beliefs has a significantly stronger influence on relationship commitment, trusting and distrusting beliefs have equivalent effects on perceived risk. Implications and ways to expand this research are discussed.
An efficient algorithm for the determination of force constants and displacements in numerical definitions of a large, general order Taylor series expansion

The venerable Taylor series expansion is a workhorse of computational modeling within the computational and quantum chemistry disciplines. It provides a highly-descriptive means of constructing complicated functions reliably. However, higher-order implementations or broadly defined functions with large numbers of variables can create a significant bottleneck for implementation of the Taylor series model. Most notably, construction of the internuclear potential for anharmonic vibrational frequency computations of large molecules like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can become intractable to setup, much less compute due to the sheer volume of internal coordiantes. This work highlights the use of a lazy cartesian product to generate intelligently the required force constant definitions and subsequent displacements for numerical differentiation schemes with direct application to the definition of vibrational wave functions of molecules such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which can have dozens to hundreds of atoms. The key feature of the algorithm is its ability to generate directly only the non-zero rows of the Cartesian product (i.e. the Taylor series) while skipping large sections of unnecessary work in computing force constants and the subsequent displacements for unrequested higher-order derivatives with further considerations for symmetry. The savings of this algorithm are orders of magnitude greater than naively written nested loops. Furthermore, this algorithm facilitates highly balanced job partitioning, a key element of parallelization and high performance computing necessary for such large molecules. This approach can open the use of the Taylor series to formerly size-forbidden molecules.
Pulmonary Embolism Testing Among Emergency Department Patients Who Are Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria Negative.

Introduction Previous studies have demonstrated that rates of pulmonary embolism (PE) testing have increased without a concomitant decrease in PE related mortality. The Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria (PERC) intend to reduce testing for PE in the emergency department (ED) by identifying low-risk patients (“PERC-negative”) who do not require d-dimer, computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA), or ventilation/perfusion (VQ) scan for PE. This study assesses PE testing rates among PERC-negative patients presenting to an urban academic ED. Methods We prospectively enrolled a convenience sample of ED patients with chest pain and/or shortness of breath presenting between June 2010 and December 2015. We recorded baseline variables at the time of ED presentation, information on testing performed in the ED, and the diagnosis of acute PE during the ED visit. We classified patients as PERC-positive or PERC-negative utilizing baseline variables and clinical characteristics. Results Of the 3024 study patients, 54.8% (95% confidence interval: 53-56.5) were female and the mean age was 51.7 years (51.1-52.3). 17.5% (16.2-18.9) of study patients were PERC negative and 33.7% (32-35.4) of all patients underwent testing for PE. 25.5% (22-29.4) of PERC-negative patients had PE testing compared to 35.4% (33.6-37.3) of PERC-positive patients (p < 0.001). 7.2% (5.3-9.7) of PERC-negative patients had advanced imaging without a d-dimer compared to 19.2% (17.8-20.8) of PERC-positive patients (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with PE testing in PERC-negative patients included age, White non-Hispanic race/ethnicity, pleuritic chest pain, and a complaint of both chest pain and shortness of breath. Two PERC-negative patients (0.4%) were diagnosed with an acute PE in the ED compared to 2.2% of PERC-positive patients (p=0.008). The overall testing yield for PE was 1.6% (0.4-9.2) among PERC-negative patients vs. 6.3% (4.9-8.1) among PERC-positive patients (p=0.017). Conclusion In an academic ED, a significant proportion of PERC-negative patients underwent testing for PE, including CT or VQ scan without d-dimer risk stratification. Future areas of research may include evaluating factors which lead clinicians to pursue PE testing in PERC-negative patients and implementing clinical pathways to minimize practice variability among these patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Ocean commitments under the Paris Agreement

Under the Paris Agreement nations made pledges known as nationally determined contributions (NDCs), which indicate how national governments are evaluating climate risks and policy opportunities. We find that NDCs reveal important systematic patterns reflecting national interests and capabilities. Because the ocean plays critical roles in climate mitigation and adaptation, we created a quantitative marine focus factor (MFF) to evaluate how governments address marine issues. In contrast to the past, when oceans received minimal attention in climate negotiations, 70% of 161 NDCs we analysed include marine issues. The percentage of the population living in low-lying areas—vulnerable to rising seas—positively influences the MFF, but negotiating group (Annex 1 or small island developing states) is equally important, suggesting political motivations are crucial to NDC development. The analysis reveals gaps between scientific and government attention, including on ocean deoxygenation, which is barely mentioned. Governments display a keen interest in expanding marine research on climate priorities. The ocean is a key part of the climate system but is often neglected in individual country priorities. Analysis of Nationally Determined Contributions reveals 70% include marine issues. The level of inclusion varies dependent on country factors including vulnerability to rising seas.
Miranda Jakiša and Nikica Gilić (eds.): Partisans in Yugoslavia: Literature, Film and Visual Culture

Dijana Jelaca's review of Miranda Jakisa and Nikica Gilic´s edited volumePartisans in Yugoslavia: Literature, Film and Visual Culture
Design of a "Mini" Nucleic Acid Probe for Cooperative Binding of an RNA-Repeated Transcript Associated with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1.

Toxic RNAs containing expanded trinucleotide repeats are the cause of many neuromuscular disorders, one being myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). DM1 is triggered by CTG-repeat expansion in the 3′-untranslated region of the DMPK gene, resulting in a toxic gain of RNA function through sequestration of MBNL1 protein, among others. Herein, we report the development of a relatively short miniPEG-γ peptide nucleic acid probe, two triplet repeats in length, containing terminal pyrene moieties, that is capable of binding rCUG repeats in a sequence-specific and selective manner. The newly designed probe can discriminate the pathogenic rCUGexp from the wild-type transcript and disrupt the rCUGexp–MBNL1 complex. The work provides a proof of concept for the development of relatively short nucleic acid probes for targeting RNA-repeat expansions associated with DM1 and other related neuromuscular disorders.
Down to the wire: late season changes in sex expression in a sexually labile tree species, Acer pensylvanicum (Sapindaceae)

In sexually plastic Acer pensylvanicum, determination of sex can occur extremely late, within three weeks of spring flowering. Physical damage causing complete vascular tissue severance results in increased female expression. Species with environmental sex determination are rare amongst angiosperms but widely distributed across taxa. The timing of floral development in species that change sex based on environmental cues is unexplored. We investigated the timing of differentiation of sexual organs in buds of Acer pensylvanicum, an understory tree in eastern North America with environmental sex determination. We collected branches from individuals at three collection times in the early spring of 2016 and kept them in a warm greenhouse until anthesis. All individuals exhibited complete or partial female inflorescences in the greenhouse in one or more collection. However, none of these same individuals produced only female flowers in the field. Unlike many other woody species that differentiate bud sexual primordia 9–12 months prior to flowering, A. pensylvanicum may differentiate the sexual organs in its flower buds as late as three weeks prior to anthesis. In a separate series of branch collections in 2017, we found that the stress response to cutting leads to increased female sex expression in branches, while earlier warm temperatures (e.g., those caused by growing in a protected greenhouse environment) or increased carbohydrate availability does not. Given the labile sex determination system of A. pensylvanicum, the ability to delay differentiation of buds into male or female until shortly before spring flowering would allow individual trees to respond to sex-determining damage cues as late as mid-spring. This supports the hypothesis that A. pensylvanicum may not exhibit the lag-time characteristic of temperate spring and early-summer flowering woody species and may change sex expression in response to stress.
Mathematics for Liberal Arts: A Problem Solving Approach, by Rick Billstein and Johnny W. Lott. Mathematical Ideas, by Charles D. Miller and Vern E. Heeren

(1988). Mathematics for Liberal Arts: A Problem Solving Approach, by Rick Billstein and Johnny W. Lott. Mathematical Ideas, by Charles D. Miller and Vern E. Heeren. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 95, No. 7, pp. 672-678.
Effects of the Kv7 voltage‐activated potassium channel inhibitor linopirdine in rat models of haemorrhagic shock

Recently, we demonstrated that Kv7 voltage-activated potassium channel inhibitors reduce fluid resuscitation requirements in short-term rat models of haemorrhagic shock. The aim of the present study was to further delineate the therapeutic potential and side effect profile of the Kv7 channel blocker linopirdine in various rat models of severe haemorrhagic shock over clinically relevant time periods. Intravenous administration of linopirdine, either before (1 or 3 mg/kg) or after (3 mg/kg) a 40% blood volume haemorrhage, did not affect blood pressure and survival in lethal haemorrhage models without fluid resuscitation. A single bolus of linopirdine (3 mg/kg) at the beginning of fluid resuscitation after haemorrhagic shock transiently reduced early fluid requirements in spontaneously breathing animals that were resuscitated for 3.5 hours. When mechanically ventilated rats were resuscitated after haemorrhagic shock with normal saline (NS) or with linopirdine-supplemented (10, 25 or 50 μg/mL) NS for 4.5 hours, linopirdine significantly and dose-dependently reduced fluid requirements by 14%, 45% and 55%, respectively. Lung and colon wet/dry weight ratios were reduced with linopirdine (25/50 μg/mL). There was no evidence for toxicity or adverse effects based on measurements of routine laboratory parameters and inflammation markers in plasma and tissue homogenates. Our findings support the concept that linopirdine-supplementation of resuscitation fluids is a safe and effective approach to reduce fluid requirements and tissue oedema formation during resuscitation from haemorrhagic shock.
Curatorial Practices for Intersectional Programming

Screendance finds its roots in the traditions of concert dance, museum culture, and film festivals. Film festivals - from which we borrow the structure for programming screendance - boast a history of discrimination towards bodies of color, varied gender expressions, bodies of different abilities, and more. Through an exploration of the history and socio-cultural context of film festivals in the west and dialogue with curators and directors from a handful of screendance festivals across the United States, this piece will present a set of curatorial challenges particular to our field, the creative solutions being explored by presenters and champions of screendance, and a consideration of where the field falls short, so we can better mitigate issues of underrepresentation of marginalized groups in screendance spaces.
Light Regulation of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis

Plant development is dependent on not only endogenous conditions but also environmental factors. One of the best examples of environmental regulation of plant development is photoperiodic flowering, by which plant flower in response to changes of day length ([Garner and Allard 1920]). The predictability conferred by the seasonal changes in photoperiod enables plants to flower at the most favorable time of the year. The question of what photoreceptors mediate photoperiodic flowering has been one of the focuses in our efforts to understand the underlying mechanisms of photoperiodism. An action spectrum for the photoperiodic regulation of flowering time was reported in as early as 1945, which showed that red light was the most effective spectrum of light used in the nightbreak experiments to inhibit flowering of SD plants, suggesting a red lightabsorbing pigment in the photoperiodic response ([Parker et al 1945]). It was later found that the red light effect could be reversed by far-red light which, together with a similar effect of light on germination, contributed to the discovery of phytochrome ([Borthwick et al 1952]). In addition to red light, blue/UV-A light has also been found to affect flowering time in some of the early works, but most of these light effects were attributed to phytochromes ([Parker et al 1946], [Meijer 1959], [Brown and Klein 1971]).We now know that, in addition to phytochromes, blue/UV-A light receptors also play important roles in the light regulation of flowering time ([Guo et al 1998], [Imaizumi et al 2003]). In the last 5 years, signifi- cant progress has been made in the study of plant photoreceptors and the molecular mechanisms underlying light regulation of flowering time.
Adjuvant chemotherapy of soft tissue sarcomas in North America.

Questions are frequently posed regarding the efficacy and importance of adjuvant chemotherapy for soft tissue sarcomas. The usual questions are whether chemotherapy adds to surgery and radiation in the management of patients with soft-tissue sarcomas and whether adjuvant chemotherapy is indicated in the management of patients with soft tissue sarcomas. This manuscript is intended to demonstrate that the answer to these questions is yes, but that the questions are, in fact, the wrong questions. I shall review data from a number of North American trials addressing adjuvant chemotherapy of soft tissue sarcomas, a meta-analysis performed by Dr. Zalupski and colleagues at Wayne State University reviewing all adjuvant soft tissue sarcoma studies (Zalupski et al. 1993), and data from studies using preoperative chemotherapy, especially the exciting data of Eilber and colleagues from UCLA (Antman et al. 1989; Kampe et al. 1993).
Cause-and-Effect Analysis of Feedbacks in a Numerical Model

Sensitivity experiments are performed with climate models to determine the changes in the model’s variables resulting from changes in the model’s inputs. One such sensitivity is the global-mean temperature sensitivity, λ = ΔTG/ΔN, where ΔTG is the change in equilibrium surface temperature resulting from a change in the net radiation at the tropopause, ΔN = sΔy, the latter caused by a change in some quantity y, external to the model, for example, the CO2 concentration the or solar constant.
Phototactic and geotactic responses in Allothrombium pulvinum larvae (Acari: Trombidiidae)

Phototactic and geotactic responses of larvae ofAllothrombium pulvinum Ewing were examined in the laboratory.Allothrombium pulvinum larvae showed positive phototaxis and negative geotaxis. Positive phototaxis and negative geotaxis in larvalA. pulvinum and other trombidioids are adaptive, because these mechanisms help mites that hatch in dark soil to find hosts on plants above ground in the light.
Isolation and Characterization of Two Specific Antigens of Human Seminal Plasma

2 specific antigens of human seminal plasma (HSP) were isolated. The antigens E1 and E2 had many common properties and behaved similarly during purification by column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose Bio-Gel A-.5m Sephadex G-100 and Bio-Gel 1-1.5m. E1 is a major antigenic constituent of HSP and is characterized as a protein with a molecular weight of about 31000. E1 shows a slow beta-mobility on electrophoresis and a high diffusion rate in agar medium. The antigen is specific to HSP is highly immunogenic and is not likely to originate in the prostate. Studies are now underway to evaluate the possiblity of using E1 and E2 as antifertility antigens.