cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Nutritional counseling as an adjunct to psychotherapy in bulimia treatment

Abstract The authors outline a therapy program for bulimic patients that combines individual and group psychotherapy with nutritional counseling. The latter ensures physical assessment throughout treatment while providing a reliable information and education service. This type of intervention facilitates a change of eating patterns and thereby enables the patients to control the eating disorder. Eventually, treatment reduces obsessive-compulsive behavior and permits better use of leisure time.
Height, weight and body mass index (BMI) in psychiatrically ill US Armed Forces personnel

Background. In both psychiatrically ill and psychiatrically healthy adults, the connection between health and individuals' height and weight has long been examined. Specifically, research on the idea that individuals with certain body types were prone to particular psychiatric diseases has been explored sporadically for centuries. The hypothesis that psychiatrically ill individuals were shorter and weighed less than psychiatrically healthy counterparts would correspond with the neuro-developmental model of psychiatric disease. Method. To evaluate possible links between psychiatric illness and physique, the height, weight and BMI of 7514 patients and 85940 controls were compared. All subjects were part of the National Collaborative Study of Early Psychosis and Suicide (NCSEPS). Patients were US military active duty personnel hospitalized for either bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, or schizophrenia and controls were psychiatrically-healthy US military active duty personnel matched for date of entry into the service. Results. No consistent differences in height, weight or BMI were found between patients and controls, or between patient groups. Some weak ANOVA differences were found between age at the time of entering active duty and weight, as well as BMI, but not height. Conclusions. Unlike most previous studies that have looked at the links between height and psychiatric illness, this study of the NCSEPS cohort found that, at entry into the US Armed Forces, there were no consistent decreases in height for patients with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder or schizophrenia compared with a large control group. Furthermore, there were no consistent differences for weight or BMI.
The Unwed Pregnant Adolescent Implications for the Professional Nurse

To promote better care for the unwed pregnant adolescent, an overview of adolescent development, feelings, and behaviors is given, followed by a generalized description of the patient herself. Then, to help enhance the care given to this patient, who needs strong support and encouragement during this crucial time, the role of the nurse is outlined.
The effects of pre versus post workout supplementation of creatine monohydrate on body composition and strength.

Chronic supplementation with creatine monohydrate has been shown to promote increases in total intramuscular creatine, phosphocreatine, skeletal muscle mass, lean body mass and muscle fiber size. Furthermore, there is robust evidence that muscular strength and power will also increase after supplementing with creatine. However, it is not known if the timing of creatine supplementation will affect the adaptive response to exercise. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to determine the difference between pre versus post exercise supplementation of creatine on measures of body composition and strength. Nineteen healthy recreational male bodybuilders (mean ± SD; age: 23.1 ± 2.9; height: 166.0 ± 23.2 cm; weight: 80.18 ± 10.43 kg) participated in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: PRE-SUPP or POST-SUPP workout supplementation of creatine (5 grams). The PRE-SUPP group consumed 5 grams of creatine immediately before exercise. On the other hand, the POST-SUPP group consumed 5 grams immediately after exercise. Subjects trained on average five days per week for four weeks. Subjects consumed the supplement on the two non-training days at their convenience. Subjects performed a periodized, split-routine, bodybuilding workout five days per week (Chest-shoulders-triceps; Back-biceps, Legs, etc.). Body composition (Bod Pod®) and 1-RM bench press (BP) were determined. Diet logs were collected and analyzed (one random day per week; four total days analyzed). 2x2 ANOVA results - There was a significant time effect for fat-free mass (FFM) (F = 19.9; p = 0.001) and BP (F = 18.9; p < 0.001), however, fat mass (FM) and body weight did not reach significance. While there were trends, no significant interactions were found. However, using magnitude-based inference, supplementation with creatine post workout is possibly more beneficial in comparison to pre workout supplementation with regards to FFM, FM and 1-RM BP. The mean change in the PRE-SUPP and POST-SUPP groups for body weight (BW kg), FFM (kg), FM (kg) and 1-RM bench press (kg) were as follows, respectively: Mean ± SD; BW: 0.4 ± 2.2 vs. 0.8 ± 0.9; FFM: 0.9 ± 1.8 vs. 2.0 ± 1.2; FM: -0.1 ± 2.0 vs. −1.2 ± 1.6; Bench Press 1-RM: 6.6 ± 8.2 vs. 7.6 ± 6.1. Qualitative inference represents the likelihood that the true value will have the observed magnitude. Furthermore, there were no differences in caloric or macronutrient intake between the groups. Creatine supplementation plus resistance exercise increases fat-free mass and strength. Based on the magnitude inferences it appears that consuming creatine immediately post-workout is superior to pre-workout vis a vis body composition and strength.
Effects of smart appliances on residential consumption patterns

Despite the growing attention on environmental sustainability and technological advances to create new ways to reduce energy use, the U.S. remains the largest global energy consumer. Changing individuals' patterns of consumption is crucial to addressing the issue. While smart appliances are becoming prominent in the consumer market, only a few studies have been focused on their ability to influence individual decision-making. Smart appliance technologies have data storage capabilities that can be remotely accessed through modern user interfaces. This affords the ability for data-driven decision making through visual analytics. When given quantitative results, consumers tend to be more aware of their consumption behavior. Smart appliances can be utilized to reduce individual energy usage through incentivizing savings, while reducing greenhouse emissions. Through a systems-based scenario analysis, this paper analyzes the consumption of three residential user categories. The data is aggregated to depict the cost of annual energy usage, which is then optimized to show areas for cost savings. The benefits of these behavioral changes can be further expanded through interdisciplinary approaches. Future enhancements to smart appliance applications are also explored, particularly in areas of user interface, design, and “gamification” of savings. These improvements, coupled with government home energy incentive programs, make the benefits of smart appliances more plausible. Empowering consumers with this technology can encourage sustainable behaviors that lead to reductions of the national carbon footprint.
Influence of Atmosphere on the Final-Stage Sintering Kinetics of Ultra-High-Purity Alumina

The influence of sintering atmosphere on the final-stage sintering of ultra-high-purity alumina has been investigated. Model final-stage microstructures were tailored via a latex sphere impregnation and burnout technique. Critical experiments have been conducted to quantitatively examine the influence of the oxygen partial pressure on the final-stage sintering kinetics. Samples were sintered at 1850°C in either dry hydrogen (Po2∼ 3 × 10−17 atm) or wet hydrogen Po2∼ 5 × 10−10 to 2 × 10−11 atm), and their microstructures were characterized as a function of sintering time, Sintering in dry hydrogen decreased the susceptibility of the final-stage microstructure to pore/boundary breakaway. In the kinetic analysis, the variation in the number of pores per grain, Ng, was taken into account. It was found that in both atmospheres, the densification rate was controlled by grain boundary diffusion, and that sintering in dry hydrogen increased the densification rate by a factor of 2.25. In addition, it was determined that the grain growth rate in both atmospheres was controlled by the rate of surface diffusion of matter around the pores and that sintering in dry hydrogen enhanced the grain growth rate by a factor of 5.6. The overall effect of the dry hydrogen atmosphere was that it enhanced the coarsening rate relative to the densification rate by a factor of 2.5, and consequently shifted the grain size-density trajectory to much lower densities for a given grain size.
3-D Thermal-ADI: a linear-time chip level transient thermal simulator

Recent study shows that the nonuniform thermal distribution not only has an impact on the substrate but also interconnects. Hence, three-dimensional (3-D) thermal analysis is crucial to analyze these effects. In this paper, the authors present and develop an efficient 3-D transient thermal simulator based on the alternating direction implicit (ADI) method for temperature estimation in a 3-D environment. Their simulator, 3D Thermal-ADI, not only has a linear runtime and memory requirement, but also is unconditionally stable. Detailed analysis of the 3-D nonhomogeneous cases and boundary conditions for on-chip VLSI applications are introduced and presented. Extensive experimental results show that our algorithm is not only orders of magnitude faster than the traditional thermal simulation algorithms but also highly accurate and memory efficient. The temperature profile of steady state can also be reached in several iterations. This software will be released via the web for public usage.
Resource Loss and Relocation: A Follow-Up Study of Adolescents Two Years After Hurricane Katrina

The long-term psychological impact of Hurricane Katrina was assessed among students (N 636) at two high schools in southeastern Louisiana. Displaced students from the greater New Orleans area were compared with nondisplaced students on several factors. Displaced students reported higher levels of general psychological distress (GPD) and posttraumatic stress (PTS). Age, resource loss, relocation time, relocation distance, self-esteem, optimism, storm exposure, and gender were then assessed in separate regression models predicting GPD and PTS. Both hierarchical regression models were significantly predictive. Self-esteem, relocation distance, optimism, resource loss, and storm exposure were significant predictors of GPD. Resource loss, relocation time, storm exposure, and self-esteem were significant predictors of PTS. As expected, gender did not make significant contributions to either model.
Trapped methane volume and potential effects on methane ebullition in a northern peatland

A novel way of estimating the gas bubble volume in the floating mat sediment of a peatland was developed at Thoreau's Bog in Concord, Massachusetts. Statistically significant relationships between the buoyancy of the floating Sphagnum mat and atmospheric pressure were observed, and these relationships were used to estimate the gas bubble volume. The mass of CH 4 stored in gas bubbles is estimated to be as much as 3 times the mass of dissolved CH 4 , depending on the time of year. The gas bubble volume is frequently large enough to serve as a significant buffer between microbial production of CH 4 and the release of CH 4 to the atmosphere. Changes in atmospheric pressure, temperature, and water-table elevation may result in modulation of the ebullitive CH 4 flux. Periods of rapidly rising atmospheric pressure or equivalent pressure changes due to water-table elevation are capable of arresting bubble volume growth, thereby halting CH 4 ebullition. Periods of rapid cooling of the bog could also temporarily halt ebullition, as thermally induced contraction of bubbles and dissolution of CH 4 offset bubble volume growth due to methanogenesis.
Brain biomarkers derived by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy may indicate brain energetic changes in Alzheimer’s disease (643.12)

BACKGROUND: Metabolic changes in the brain have been proposed to lend to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) etiology. Proton Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) allows in-vivo measurement of brain metaboli...
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 proteolysis in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a possible role for insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity

Limited proteolysis of serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3 has been described in various conditions and may increase the bioavailability of IGFs. The physiological regulators of serum IGFBP-3 protease activity are unknown. To characterize the relationship between insulin and IGFBP-3 protease activity, we have examined serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis in children with untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and have followed the effect of insulin therapy on serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after the initiation of insulin therapy. Ligand blot analysis of sera from untreated children with IDDM showed that intact IGFBP-3 was 50 +/- 9% of the age-matched control pool. After the initiation of insulin treatment, IGFBP-3 did not change significantly at 1 day after treatment but increased dramatically at 1 week (90 +/- 13%) and 1 month after treatment (102 +/- 13%). In contrast, when measured by immunoradiometric assay (which detects both intact and fragments of IGFBP-3), IGFBP-3 levels were 70% of the control pool before insulin therapy and did not increase significantly until 1 month after treatment. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that intact IGFBP-3 doublet was diminished to 41 +/- 7% of controls, whereas the major IGFBP-3 fragment (30 kDa) was increased in IDDM sera before insulin therapy. After insulin, intact IGFBP-3 increased and the 30-kDa fragment decreased to values comparable to those observed in controls. In vivo IGFBP-3 proteolysis, which implies preassay exposure of serum IGFBP-3 to proteases, was estimated by immunoblot analysis. IGFBP-3 proteolysis was increased before insulin therapy (160 +/- 9%) and decreased to 81 +/- 9% at 1 week and to 71 +/- 11% at 1 month after insulin treatment. Residual serum IGFBP-3 protease activity was estimated by a 125I-IGFBP-3 degradation assay. Serum IGFBP-3 protease activity increased significantly in untreated diabetics, compared with activity in controls (128 +/- 5% vs. 99 +/- 11%). During insulin therapy, serum IGFBP-3 protease activity decreased gradually to 91 +/- 5% of control values at 1 month. Molecular sizes of the IGFBP-3 proteolytic fragments (30 kDa, 24 kDa, and 19 kDa) and inhibition profile of IGFBP-3 protease were similar in IDDM and pregnancy sera, indicating that similar proteases (cation-dependent serine proteases) were active in both conditions. These results suggest an important role of insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. Increased IGFBP-3 proteolysis in the sera of children with IDDM may serve to counteract the catabolic state induced by insulin deficiency.
Aerosol induced loss of image resolution

An approach aimed at completely simulating the operation of camera or telescope, including direct calculation of images, in a spatially complex, turbid environment is presented. A Monte Carlo radiative transfer program coupled with an optics design program is used to compute aureoles at the image plane of a camera. The procedure uses the camera MTF so that the operation of the camera in a scattering environment can be completely simulated. The code is validated through a comparison of the analytical solutions for cameras with plane and Gaussian apertures.
Labour Policy, Labour–Business Relations and the Transition to Democracy in Chile

Chile's new civilian government, the centre-left Concertacion de Partidos por la Democracia, has been strongly praised for its efforts to strengthen the rights of labour and correct Chile's severe social inequalities. After nearly a decade of civilian rule, however, it has become increasingly clear that these efforts have not succeeded. Indeed, one of the defining features of Chile's new democracy is the profound inequality and imbalance of power between capital and labour upon which it has been constructed. This article seeks to explain this outcome and examine its implications for Chile's post-military political and economic order.
Chlorophyllin chemoprevention in trout initiated by aflatoxin B(1) bath treatment: An evaluation of reduced bioavailability vs. target organ protective mechanisms.

Abstract Chlorophyllin (CHL) is known to inhibit DNA adduction and hepatocarcinogenesis in trout when administered at doses up to 4000 ppm in the diet with aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ). The principal protective mechanism is believed to involve CHL:AFB 1 complex formation, which may reduce systemic carcinogen absorption. However, mechanisms operative within the target organ in situ have not been ruled out. The present study used alternative CHL and AFB 1 exposures as well as hepatic metabolism studies to distinguish these mechanisms. Duplicate lots of 150 rainbow trout each were initiated by brief water bath exposure to 0.1 ppm AFB 1 , with or without 500 ppm CHL in the water. The addition of 500 ppm CHL to the water bath, under conditions where AFB 1 is calculated to be >99% sequestered as the CHL:AFB 1 complex, reduced hepatic AFB 1 -DNA adduction by 95% and reduced hepatocarcinogenesis from 20.5% to 2%, compared with exposure to AFB 1 alone. Inclusion of 500 ppm CHL in the water bath also significantly reduced total body burden and hepatic levels of AFB 1 as well as AFB 2 , a structural analogue of AFB 1 unable to directly form the 8,9-epoxide proximate electrophile but equally capable of complexing with CHL. By contrast, internal target organ CHL loading by pretreatment of trout with 4000 ppm dietary CHL for 7 days prior to (and 2 days following) AFB 1 waterbath exposure had no effect on AFB 1 -DNA adduction or tumorigenicity. Dietary CHL up to 8000 ppm had no effect on hepatic CYP2K1, CYP1A, glutathione transferase, UDP-glucuronosyl transferase, or, with one exception, the relative ratios among hepatic AFB 1 metabolites in vivo. These results support the hypothesis that CHL:AFB 1 complex formation and reduced systemic AFB 1 bioavailability is a principal mechanism for CHL chemoprevention in this model and that in situ target organ inhibitory mechanisms are relatively insignificant.
Improved agreement of AIRS tropospheric carbon monoxide products with other EOS sensors using optimal estimation retrievals

Abstract. We present in this paper an alternative retrieval algorithm for the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) tropospheric Carbon Monoxide (CO) products using the Optimal Estimation (OE) technique, which is different from the AIRS operational algorithm. The primary objective for this study was to compare AIRS CO, as well as the other retrieval properties such as the Averaging Kernels (AKs), the Degrees of Freedom for Signal (DOFS), and the error covariance matrix, against the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) and the Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) CO, which were also derived using the OE technique. We also demonstrate that AIRS OE CO results are much more realistic than AIRS V5 operational CO, especially in the lower troposphere and in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). These products are validated with in situ profiles obtained by the Differential Absorption Carbon Monoxide Measurements (DACOM), which took place as part of NASA's Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment (INTEX-B) field mission that was conducted over the northern Pacific in Spring 2006. To demonstrate the differences existing in the current operational products we first show a detailed direct comparison between AIRS V5 and TES operational V3 CO for the global datasets from December 2005 to July 2008. We then present global CO comparisons between AIRS OE, TES V3, and MOPITT V4 at selected pressure levels as well as for the total column amounts. We conclude that the tropospheric CO retrievals from AIRS OE and TES V3 agree to within 5–10 ppbv or 5% on average globally and throughout the free troposphere. The agreements in total column CO amounts between AIRS OE and MOPITT V4 have improved significantly compared to AIRS V5 with global relative RMS differences now being 12.7%.
2,3,4-Tri-O-acetyl-β-l-fuco­pyran­osyl azide

The title compound, C12H17N3O7, crystallizes with two crystallographically independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. Both virtually identical mol­ecules exhibit the expected chair conformation.
Analysis and design of aperture-coupled microstrip patch antennas and arrays fed by dielectric image line

This paper presents the analysis and design of aperture-coupled microstrip patch antennas and arrays fed by an dielectric image line. A theory based on the cavity model of the microstrip patch antenna and the change in the modal voltage of the image line at the aperture was developed to analyze the single element aperture-coupled microstrip patch antenna. The theory developed was combined with the array theory to design linear traveling wave arrays at X-band and Ka-band frequencies. The required taper in the excitations of the individual patches of the array was achieved by varying the aperture dimensions. Experiments show very good results for the antennas and the arrays.
High Throughput Modularized NLP System for Clinical Text

This paper presents the results of the development of a high throughput, real time modularized text analysis and information retrieval system that identifies clinically relevant entities in clinical notes, maps the entities to several standardized nomenclatures and makes them available for subsequent information retrieval and data mining. The performance of the system was validated on a small collection of 351 documents partitioned into 4 query topics and manually examined by 3 physicians and 3 nurse abstractors for relevance to the query topics. We find that simple key phrase searching results in 73% recall and 77% precision. A combination of NLP approaches to indexing improve the recall to 92%, while lowering the precision to 67%.
Design Considerations for Technology Interventions to Support Social and Physical Wellness for Older Adults with Disability

Social and physical wellness are important considerations for maintaining one’s health into older age and remaining independent. However, some segments of the older adult population, such as those aging with disability, are at increased risk for loneliness and reduced physical activity, which could result in negative health consequences. There is a critical need to understand how to deploy social and physical wellness interventions for people aging with disability. We provide an overview of constructs related to social and physical wellness, as well as evidence-based interventions effective with older populations. Our review yields considerations for how interventions may need to be developed or modified to be efficacious for this population segment. Technology may be a key component in adopting interventions, particularly tele-technologies, which we define and discuss in depth.
Studies of Hepatic Excretory Function

Summary Sulfobromophthalein sodium (BSP) metabolism was studied in 8 patients with hypopituitarism of varied etiology. The hormonal derangement common to the group of patients was deficient growth hormone secretion which resulted from primary deficiency of growth hormone, Sheehan's syndrome, surgical hypophysectomy, or pituitary irradiation. The relative hepatic storage capacity remained normal; mean hepatic transport maximum was reduced to 43% of normal, and more BSP was retained in plasma as a conjugate than in similar studies in a control group of patients. These results indicate that growth hormone deficiency in man probably reduces the capacity of the parenchymal liver cell to excrete BSP into the bile and support the postulate that growth hormone may play an important role in the regulation of hepatic excretory function.
Cytological development of Ascosphaera atra

Cytological studies of Ascosphaera atra were carried out using light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As mycelial growth becomes extensive, short lateral hyphal branches develop at irregular intervals near the growing tips of vegetative hyphae. Nuclei from vegetative hyphae migrate into these lateral processes, multiply, and disperse within terminal and subterminal cells formed by the development of two septa. Cyst primordia are multinucleate. Nuclei enter the cyst through a pore in the septum separating the terminal and subterminal cells. Nuclei migrating into the cyst are contained within an elongated membranous inclusion that develops one or more septa. Nuclei undergo repeated divisions within the developing cyst, and some of them appear to govern a process of spore formation that is characteristically observable as the association of a mitotically dividing nucleus with an area of homogeneous, nongranular, nonmembrane-bound cytoplasm. This area of cytoplasm develops into sporeballs. There is no evidence of Woronin bodies, ascogenous hyphae, croziers, or asci at the light or TEM level. Ascosphaera atra does not fit into the emended ordinal description of Ascosphaerales proposed by Skou.
Delayed massive suprachoroidal hemorrhage after descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty.

PURPOSE To report the development of a delayed massive suprachoroidal hemorrhage after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK). DESIGN Retrospective case report. RESULTS A 70-year-old woman with a failed graft for keratoconus underwent DSAEK in the setting of continued systemic anticoagulation. On the first postoperative day, she experienced a massive suprachoroidal hemorrhage. Despite surgical drainage, the donor graft subsequently failed, and vision declined to light perception. CONCLUSIONS Massive suprachoroidal hemorrhage may occur as a rare complication of DSAEK.
Indicators of dairy cow transition risks: Metabolic profiling revisited

Erkrankungen von Milchkuhen im peripartalen Zeitraum gelten als entscheidende Faktoren fur eine Beeintrachtigung der Milchleistung und sind mittlerweile ein zentraler Aspekt der Herdendiagnostik. In den letzten 40 Jahren wurden anhand von Blutproben erstellte metabolische Profile zur Herdendiagnostik genutzt, wobei die Erfahrungen bezuglich der diagnostischen Wertigkeit differierten. Die Forschung fuhrte zu umfangreichen Erkenntnissen daruber, wie physiologische Mechanismen bei der Kuh, das Management, die Umwelt sowie Interaktionen zwischen diesen Faktoren zur Entwicklung von Erkrankungen im peripartalen Zeitraum beitragen. Kuhe mit hohem Risiko fur eine erforderlich werdende Behandlung lassen sich anhand einer erhohten Konzentration an β-Hydroxybutyrat (BHB) (> 1,2 mmol/l) in den ersten 7–10 Tagen nach dem Kalben identifizieren. Ergeben Herdenkontrollen bei 15–20% der Frischabkalber in der ersten Woche post partum erhohte BHB-Konzentrationen, weist dies auf ein betrachtliches Krankheitsrisiko und Produktionsverluste hin. Auch eine erhohte Serumkonzentration freier Fettsauren (FFS) ist Hinweis fur ein gesteigertes Krankheitsrisiko. In dieser Ubersicht werden gesicherte (BHB, FFS) und weitere potenzielle Parameter erlautert, die sich, bei Untersuchung von Einzel- oder Poolproben, dazu eignen, das Risiko fur Erkrankungen und den Ernahrungszustand der Tiere einzuschatzen. Ihre Anwendung in Form metabolischer Profile zur Herdendiagnostik bei bestehenden Risiken oder im Rahmen der Herdenuberwachung wird dargestellt. Eine Poolprobe nach dem modifizierten „Compton Metabolic Profile“ ermoglicht die wirtschaftlichere Nutzung mehrerer Parameter, wenngleich diese Vorgehensweise die Interpretation und die Anwendung in Abhangigkeit von der Herdengrose einschranken kann. Poolproben von funf bis zehn Individuen reprasentieren genau das arithmetische Mittel aus den Werten der einzelnen Tiere. Von groster Bedeutung ist, dass die metabolischen Profile im Zusammenhang mit anderen diagnostischen Kennzahlen von Tier- und Betriebsanalysen, der Korperkonditionsbeurteilung und der Rationskontrolle genutzt werden. Nur so lasst sich ihr Wert im Rahmen der Herdenuntersuchung voll ausschopfen.
Breeding and Application of Indica Hybrid Rice Feiyou 600 with High Yield and Strong Disease Resistance

Feiyou 600 is a new indica hybrid rice combination developed from the CMS line Feigai A and a new restorer line R600 with strong disease resistance and good combining ability by China National Rice Research Institute and the Neijiang Hybrid Rice Science and Technology Development Center. It has the characteristics of strong grain yield heterosis, strong blast resistance, high seed production yield potential and wide adaptability. It was registered and released by the Crops Variety Appraisal Committee of Zhejiang in May 2004. The breeding procedure, characteristics and major cultivation and seed production techniques were introduced in this paper.
Investigating the Role of Ethnicity and Race in Patients Undergoing Treatment for Intracerebral Aneurysms Between 2008 and 2013 from a National Database.

Background The objective of this study is to classify patients using federally mandated categories of ethnicity and race and to determine whether subgroups are associated with patient outcomes and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2008 to 2013 was used to identify patients undergoing treatment of an intracerebral aneurysm. Ethnicity and race were combined to create subgroups. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed and a multivariable logistic regression model was tested whether ethnic and racial subgroups were associated with SAH. Results A total of 686 patients met the study criteria. There were no endovascular cases reported. Four subgroups were identified, which included non-Hispanic Whites ( n = 504, 73.47%, NH Whites), Hispanic Whites ( n = 38, 5.54%), non-Hispanic Blacks ( n = 109, 15.89%, NH Blacks), and non-Hispanic Asians ( n = 35, 5.10%, NH Asians). Significant statistical associations were found between subgroups and the following baseline variables: age, female gender, body mass index, smoking, and treated hypertension (all P P P Conclusions There are differences in baseline characteristics and the proportion of SAH. Future studies must take into account risk factors and outcomes not reported in the database.
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Etiological Classification

Clinical, EEG, and neuroimaging findings in a community-based cohort of 63 children with new-onset temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) studied prospectively are reported from the Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Amygdala-specific reduction of ?1-GABAA receptors disrupts the anticonvulsant, locomotor, and sedative, but not anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepines in mice

The heterogeneity and distribution of GABAA receptor subunits mediates differential roles in behavior. It is thought that particular behavioral responses to benzodiazepine (BZ) ligands might be associated with an action at a regionally defined receptor subtype. However, the role of specific GABAA receptor subtypes in particular brain regions is less clear. Such detailed knowledge of regional α1-GABAA receptor function will advance our understanding of the neural circuitry underlying the role of GABAA receptors and the effects of GABAA-modulating drugs on behavior. By combining inducible, site-specific α1 subunit deletion, using a lentivirus expressing Crerecombinase in mice with the α1 subunit gene flanked by loxP sites, we examine baseline and pharmacological effects of deletion of amygdala α1-GABAA receptors. We find that amygdalaspecific reduction of α1 receptor subunits does not affect mRNA or protein levels of amygdala α2 or α3 subunit receptors. Nor does this inducible reduction affect baseline locomotion or measures of anxiety. However, we also find that this inducible, site-specific deletion does disrupt the normal sedative-locomotor inhibition as well as the anticonvulsive effects, of two distinct benzodiazepinesite ligands, diazepam and zolpidem, which is relatively α1-subunit selective. These data, utilizing inducible, region and subunit-specific deletion, combined with pharmacogenetic approaches, demonstrate that amygdala expression of the α1-GABAA receptor subunit is required for normal benzodiazepine effects on sedation, locomotion, and seizure inhibition, but not for anxiolysis.
Homology-Aware Phylogenomics at Gigabase Scales

Obstacles to inferring species trees from whole genome data sets range from algorithmic and data management challenges to the wholesale discordance in evolutionary history found in different parts of a genome. Recent work that builds trees directly from genomes by parsing them into sets of small $k$-mer strings holds promise to streamline and simplify these efforts, but existing approaches do not account well for gene tree discordance. We describe a "seed and extend" protocol that finds nearly exact matching sets of orthologous $k$-mers and extends them to construct data sets that can properly account for genomic heterogeneity. Exploiting an efficient suffix array data structure, sets of whole genomes can be parsed and converted into phylogenetic data matrices rapidly, with contiguous blocks of $k$-mers from the same chromosome, gene, or scaffold concatenated as needed. Phylogenetic trees constructed from highly curated rice genome data and a diverse set of six other eukaryotic whole genome, transcriptome, and organellar genome data sets recovered trees nearly identical to published phylogenomic analyses, in a small fraction of the time, and requiring many fewer parameter choices. Our method's ability to retain local homology information was demonstrated by using it to characterize gene tree discordance across the rice genome, and by its robustness to the high rate of interchromosomal gene transfer found in several rice species.
Addressing the needs crossover youth: What key professionals are saying

Abstract Crossover youth have complex needs and can create difficulty for service providers who have to both provide effective services to the youth but also work with and navigate a system outside of their own. Professionals from the child welfare system and the juvenile justice system have recognized the need to work together to help crossover youth. A successful collaboration can be extremely beneficial to all those involved but certain barriers must be overcome. This study uses secondary qualitative analysis to examine the opinions of key professionals in both systems as they came together to create action plans to address issues facing crossover youth in their individual counties. Researchers identify common themes and discuss the importance of collaboration among systems and recognizing individual county's stages of change.
Transplants in annelids, nemerteans and planarians: a tool for embryology, immunology, endocrinology and regeneration research

While transplantation procedures are often associated with biomedical applications, they are also an invaluable tool for basic research. This review focuses on how transplantation techniques have been used to understand the biology of three large lophotrochozoan phyla: Annelida, Nemertea and Platyhelmintha. I describe how transplantation paradigms have uncovered fundamental principles regarding the embryology, immunology, endocrinology and regeneration biology of representative species within these three groups. In particular, embryologists have used blastomere transplantations to show that both mosaic and regulative development occurs in animals within the phyla. Immunologists have used transplantation techniques to demonstrate that these invertebrates mount a variety of innate immune responses, some of which include surprising features that classically characterize adaptive immunity. Endocrinologists have used transplantation experiments to uncover hormonal requirements for sexual development and maturation. Meanwhile, regeneration biologists continue to address fundamental questions regarding tissue polarity, post-embryonic patterning, stem cell physiology, and the role of the nervous system in regeneration. Along with recent technical and conceptual advances, transplantation remains a powerful tool for invertebrate research.
Del ritmo y su posible incidencia en la poesía áurea: estudio de dos romances de Luis de Góngora

Compared to other areas of Spanish Poetry, rhythm has received less scholarly attention. Conversely, this study tries to ascertain the influence of this aspect in the production of poems in the context of two romances by Luis de Gongora. This article reviews the different approaches regarding the rhythm in Spanish Poetry, for which is key the study of the antirrythmycal stresses, i.e., those stresses that break the usual two and three-syllable clauses. The two romances correspond to the same time period of Gongora’s production, while they differ in subject-matter and style (burlesco and morisco). The contrasts found in the use of rhythm suggest that this study could be extended to other compositions and to further research.
“Is it like academia.edu?”: Faculty perceptions and usage of academic social networking sites and implications for librarians and institutional repositories

This paper explores the ways in which academic librarians can harness faculty familiarity with and curiosity about academic social networking sites (ASNS) in order to promote engagement with the institutional repository (IR). Highlighting significant similarities and differences between the IR and the popular ASNS Academia.edu – specifically in the areas of open access and discoverability, business model, user experience, and support – the paper then presents the key findings of a questionnaire administered to faculty at a single institution asking about their usage habits of ASNS and the IR and their motivation for engaging (or not) with each. Faculty who use ASNS identified accessing, reading, and sharing work as their primary motivations; those who do not use the sites attributed their nonuse to a lack of awareness and time. The top reported reasons for using the IR were downloading work and arranging for the deposit of student work, while skepticism and misconceptions about its benefits prevent others from interacting with the IR. The paper concludes by outlining ways in which librarians can work with faculty to create greater understanding of and engagement with the IR.
Buckling patterns in biaxially pre-stretched bilayer shells: wrinkles, creases, folds and fracture-like ridges

We introduce a new experimental system to study the effects of pre-stretch on the buckling patterns that emerge from the biaxial compression of elastomeric bilayer shells. Upon fabrication of the samples, releasing the pre-stretch in the substrate through deflation places the outer film in a state of biaxial compression and yields a variety of buckling patterns. We systematically explore the parameter space by varying the pre-stretch of the substrate and the ratio between the stiffness of the substrate and film. The phase diagram of the system exhibits a variety of buckling patterns: from the classic periodic wrinkle to creases, folds, and high aspect ratio ridges. Our system is capable of readily transitioning between these buckling patterns, a first for biaxial systems. We focus on the wrinkle to ridge transition. In the latter, we find that pre-stretch plays an essential role and that the ridge geometry (width, height) remains nearly constant throughout their formation process. For the localized ridged patterns, we find that the propagation of the ridge tip depends strongly on both strain and stiffness ratio, in a way that is akin to hierarchical fracture.
Rock Art Symposium 1975 El Paso Community College

(1975). Rock Art Symposium 1975 El Paso Community College. Plains Anthropologist: Vol. 20, No. 68, pp. 158-158.
Variation in Spending around Surgical Episodes of Urinary Stone Disease: Findings from Michigan

Purpose: To help rein in surgical spending there is growing interest in the application of payment bundles to common outpatient procedures like ureteroscopy and shock wave lithotripsy. However, before urologists can move to such a payment system they need to know where episode costs are concentrated.Materials and Methods: Using claims data from Michigan Value Collaborative we identified patients who underwent ureteroscopy or shock wave lithotripsy at hospitals in Michigan from 2012 to 2015. We then totaled expenditures for all relevant services during the 30-day surgical episodes of these patients and categorized component payments (ie those for the index procedure, subsequent hospitalizations, professional services and postacute care). Finally we quantified the variation in total episode expenditures for ureteroscopy and shock wave lithotripsy across hospitals, examining drivers of this variation.Results: A total of 9,449 ureteroscopy and 6,446 shock wave lithotripsy procedures were performed at 62 hospi...
A waveform design technique for range and Doppler ambiguity mitigation

Space Based Radars (SBR) have been considered for a number of civilian and military missions. Most recently, SBR concepts are being developed to have the platform operate in multiple modes, i.e., as a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and as a moving target indication (MTI) radar for both slow surface moving targets (SMTI) and fast moving airborne targets (AMTI). This set of requirements can be dealt with by a properly designed antenna. Launch vehicle considerations, however, may impose restrictions on the size of the antenna needed to perform the mission requirements. Due to the collection geometries involved, there may be instances where these restrictions will result in degradation of the radar product due to either range or Doppler ambiguities. In order to overcome these difficulties, transmit waveform diversity can be used to pre-condition the waveform to counter this problem. An approach has been developed that considers a combination of techniques, using both inter- and intrapulse modulation, orthogonal waveforms, non-traditional pulse compression and a priori knowledge of the collection geometry to enhance both SAR and MTI performance.
The inequality delusion

Cognitive scientist Mark Sheskin says the gap between rich and poor is often said to be a defining issue of age, that's odd, given that people are not actually bothered by inequality. Some fights for equality, such as against racial prejudice, are morally straightforward. But the battle against economic inequality isn't so simple. He recently explored this issue and concluded that a crucial step in fighting inequality is realising that it is not all bad. The trait they call inequality aversion emerges early in development and is found across many cultures, from city dwellers in the US to villagers in Peru and Uganda. The fight against inequality is most certainly a fight worth having. There are staggering levels of inequality in the world, and wide agreement that these should be reduced.
A Digital Decision Support Tool to Enhance Decisional Capacity for Clinical Trial Consent: Design and Development.

Background: Challenges in the clinical and research consent process indicate the need to develop tailored, supportive interventions for all individuals, especially those with limited decisional capacity. We developed a tool to enhance shared decision making and the decisional capacity for individuals with fragile X syndrome engaged in the informed consent process for a clinical trial. Objective: We describe the design and development process of a tablet-based decision support tool. Methods: Our development process for the decision support tool employed a user-centered, feature-driven design approach. We began with an environmental scan to catalog relevant mobile apps, and we conducted interviews with people with a diagnosis of fragile X syndrome and clinicians at fragile X syndrome clinics. To develop content for the decision support tool, we extracted key concepts and elements from a real clinical trial consent form and rewrote it using plain-language principles. Results: We used iterative testing to continuously evaluate and revise the decision support tool content. The tool was finalized in 2016 and contained a series of vignettes, quiz questions, and a sorting activity. A randomized controlled trial was then conducted to compare the efficacy of the decision support tool with a standard verbal presentation of material that mimicked typical informed consent practice. Conclusions: The informed consent process is primed to leverage digital health resources that promote increased understanding and engagement of research participants in the consent and research process. The process and experiences we describe may provide a model for other digital health design and development initiatives seeking to create more interactive and accessible decision support resources. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02465931; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02465931 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6zx2KY9YW)
After the boring billion and before the freezing millions: evolutionary patterns and innovations in the Tonian Period.

The Tonian Period (ca. 1000–720 Ma) follows the ‘boring billion9 in the Mesoproterozoic Era and precedes ‘snowball Earth9 glaciations in the Cryogenian Period. It represents a critical transition in Earth history. Geochemical data indicate that the Tonian Period may have witnessed a significant increase in atmospheric pO 2 levels and a major transition from predominantly sulfidic to ferruginous mid-depth seawaters. Molecular clock estimates suggest that early animals may have diverged in the Tonian Period, raising the intriguing possibility of coupled environmental changes and evolutionary innovations. The co-evolution of life and its environment during the Tonian Period can be tested against the fossil record by examining diversity trends in the Proterozoic and evolutionary innovations in the Tonian. Compilations of Proterozoic microfossils and macrofossils apparently support a Tonian increase in global taxonomic diversity and morphological range relative to the Mesoproterozoic Era, although this is not reflected in assemblage-level diversity patterns. The fossil record suggests that major eukaryote groups (including Opisthokonta, Amoebozoa, Plantae, and SAR) may have diverged and important evolutionary innovations (e.g. multicellularity and cell differentiation in several groups, eukaryovory, eukaryote biomineralization, and heterocystous cyanobacteria) may have arisen by the Tonian Period, but thus far no convincing animal fossils have been found in the Tonian. Tonian paleontology is still in its nascent stage, and it offers many opportunities to explore Earth-life evolution in this critical geological period.
Sampling with Random Stratum Boundaries

FOR populations arranged in natural order, say in increasing values of a concomitant variable, one common sampling scheme is to divide the population into strata and sample proportionately from each stratum. Variance of the sample mean is minimized (with the possible exception of finite corrections) if the population is divided into n strata and one unit selected from each. A second common procedure, particularly if the sampling is with unequal probabilities, is to sample systematically.t It is well known that if the y characteristic is composed of a linear trend plus random elements the 1-per-stratum design is more efficient than systematic sampling of the population in natural order. The disadvantage of both of these sampling schemes is, of course, that no unbiased estimator of variance is available. In this paper we develop a sampling procedure which for n > 4 and a linear trend has a smaller variance for the sample mean than 1 per stratum and for which an unbiased estimator of the variance is available.
Molecular Diagnostics of Acute Myeloid Leukemia:: It's a (Next) Generational Thing

This commentary highlights the article by Spencer et al that outlines a novel next-generation sequencing-based method for the detection of FLT3 mutations.