cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Live Writing: Asynchronous Playback of Live Coding and Writing

We introduce Live Writing, asynchronous playback of a live coding performance or, more generally, writing. e concept of Live Writing is realized in a web-based application which logs every keystroke that a writer makes and let the writing later playable by the audience or the readers in real-time. e goal of Live Writing is twofold. One, it aims to support collaboration between musicians by reproducing a live coding performance based on keystroke data logged in the platform. is offers a new way for a live coder to archive live coding music and to communicate with others in asynchronous fashion. Two, it aims to transform wrien communication into a real-time experience so that a writer can display a writing to readers in a real-time manner as if it is being typed in front of the readers. We explain the design and the implementation of the system and demonstrate two different use cases of the system: live coding and writing.
Ruptured clear cell carcinoma of the ovary presenting as acute abdomen

Background Ovarian cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women. Clear cell ovarian carcinoma is a rare histologic subtype accounting for 5–10% of all epithelial ovarian cancers and is often associated with endometriosis. Patients generally present with vague abdominal and pelvic complaints. However, patients can present in the acute setting with pleural effusions, ascites, bowel obstructions, and deep vein thrombosis.
Networks of the Brain

Networks of the Brain Olaf Sporns The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2011 412 pages; $45.00 Networks of the Brain by Olaf Sporns presents a theoretically and empirically based introduction to neural networks. The text is thoughtfully arranged beginning with terminology and concepts that establish the background for the content of the book. The author then applies this background information to a …
One-electron oxidation chemistry and subsequent reactivity of diiron imido complexes.

The chemical oxidation and subsequent group transfer activity of the unusual diiron imido complexes Fe(iPrNPPh2)3Fe≡NR (R = tert-butyl (tBu), 1; adamantyl, 2) was examined. Bulk chemical oxidation of 1 and 2 with Fc[PF6] (Fc = ferrocene) is accompanied by fluoride ion abstraction from PF6– by the iron center trans to the Fe≡NR functionality, forming F–Fe(iPrNPPh2)3Fe≡NR (iPr = isopropyl) (R = tBu, 3; adamantyl, 4). Axial halide ligation in 3 and 4 significantly disrupts the Fe–Fe interaction in these complexes, as is evident by the >0.3 A increase in the intermetallic distance in 3 and 4 compared to 1 and 2. Mossbauer spectroscopy suggests that each of the two pseudotetrahedral iron centers in 3 and 4 is best described as FeIII and that one-electron oxidation has occurred at the tris(amido)-ligated iron center. The absence of electron delocalization across the Fe–Fe≡NR chain in 3 and 4 allows these complexes to readily react with CO and tBuNC to generate the FeIIIFeI complexes F–Fe(iPrNPPh2)3Fe(CO)2 (5) a...
Local learning for mining outlier subgraphs from network datasets

In the real world, various systems can be modeled using entity-relationship graphs. Given such a graph, one may be interested in identifying suspicious or anomalous subgraphs. Specifically, a user may want to identify suspicious subgraphs matching a query template. A subgraph can be defined as anomalous based on the connectivity structure within itself as well as with its neighborhood. For example for a co-authorship network, given a subgraph containing three authors, one expects all three authors to be say data mining authors. Also, one expects the neighborhood to mostly consist of data mining authors. But a 3-author clique of data mining authors with all theory authors in the neighborhood clearly seems interesting. Similarly, having one of the authors in the clique as a theory author when all other authors (both in the clique and neighborhood) are data mining authors, is also suspicious. Thus, existence of lowprobability links and absence of high-probability links can be a good indicator of subgraph outlierness. The probability of an edge can in turn be modeled based on the weighted similarity between the attribute values of the nodes linked by the edge. We claim that the attribute weights must be learned locally for accurate link existence probability computations. In this paper, we design a system that finds subgraph outliers given a graph and a query by modeling the problem as a linear optimization. Experimental results on several synthetic and real datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in computing interesting outliers.
Vesicourethral fistula: an unusual cause of urinary incontinence.

AbstractA case of a vesicourethral fistula causing urinary incontinence after traumatic rupture of the posterior urethra is reported. The etiology, diagnosis and treatment are discussed.
Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland: On the Run and Its Critics

Alice Goffman’s On the Run has become one of the most controversial books published in sociology in many years. Her moving account of several young Black men and their legal entanglements has raised questions about how whites represent Blacks in their research, what obligations researchers have to avoid illegal activities of their own, and, most importantly, about the character of truth in ethnographic research.
Urinary calculi in hypercalcemic states.

Renal calculi develop in a high percentage of patients with hyperparathyroidism, and care is required to distinguish this hypercalcemic disorder from other causes of hypercalcemia in which calculi occur only occasionally. Furthermore, hyperparathyroidism may develop in patients who have an underlying calculous disorder. The various hypercalcemic states and useful aids in the differential diagnosis of such are presented in this article.
The earthquake volume

A method is presented enabling one to estimate the volume of seismic events with all possible magnitudes and focal depths. The underlying observational data are either the travel times of body waves, or the equivalent magnitude calibration curves for body waves, if the absorption of body waves is neglected. The method is applied to the newest P -wave travel times. The distance from the focus to a point at which a given critical strain existed during the event is computed. The volume within strains larger than the critical prevailed during the event is obtained as a function of magnitude and focal depth. The volume so found is in agreement with a previous determination of the earthquake volume as a function of magnitude.
Identifying Thesis Statements in Student Essays: The Class Imbalance Challenge and Resolution

A thesis statement or controlling idea is a key component of the Common Core State Standards of writing from grade 6 to grade 12. We developed a machine learning model to identify thesis statements in students’ essays in order to focus peer-reviewers on commenting on the presence and quality of an author’s thesis statement. Identifying thesis statements in essays can be considered as a classification task in which a classifier is trained to predict whether a sentence is a thesis statement or not based on the features extracted from the sentence. However, the number of sentences in the thesis class is usually much lower than those in the not thesis class. Our initial model could not deal adequately with the challenge of class imbalance; there were too few instances of thesis statements from which to learn. Our subsequent model employs synthetic over-sampling in order to address this challenge and improve performance.
Hydroceles-Not Just For Men.

Abstract Background Hydroceles develop in females through the canal of Nuck. This canal is formed when the processes vaginalis fails to obliterate during development. The canal of Nuck can lead to the formation of not only hydroceles, but hernias as well. Although physicians typically think of hydroceles occurring in males, on rare occasions, they do occur in females because of this defect. They are often mistaken for incarcerated hernias, making ultrasound an excellent tool to distinguish between them and guide further treatment. Case Report We report a rare case of a 46-year-old female with the chief complaint of a painful groin mass. A diagnosis of a hydrocele was made by point of care ultrasonography in the emergency department after being misdiagnosed by computed tomography scan on two previous occasions. Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This? Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is a valuable tool for emergency physicians and can lead to quick diagnoses and appropriate management of the patient. Using ultrasound in conjunction with other imaging modalities can improve diagnostic accuracy. POCUS is portable and a powerful tool for immediate answers, and continues to prove its utility for clinical decision making.
The Avian Lingual and Laryngeal Apparatus Within the Context of the Head and Jaw Apparatus, with Comparisons to the Mammalian Condition: Functional Morphology and Biomechanics of Evaporative Cooling, Feeding, Drinking, and Vocalization

The lingual and laryngeal apparatus are the mobile and active organs within the oral cavity, which serves as a gateway to the respiratory and alimentary systems in terrestrial vertebrates. Both organs play multiple roles in alimentation and vocalization besides respiration, but their structures and functions differ fundamentally in birds and mammals, just as the skull and jaws differ fundamentally in these two vertebrate classes. Furthermore, the movements of the lingual and laryngeal apparatus are interdependent with each other and with the movements of the jaw apparatus in complex and little-understood ways. Therefore, rather than updating the existing numerous reviews of the diversity in lingual morphology of birds, this chapter will concentrate on the functional-morphological interdependences and interactions of the lingual and laryngeal apparatus with each other and with the skull and jaw apparatus. It will: 1. Briefly review the salient features of the mammalian head as a baseline against which to understand the uniqueness of the avian head 2. Describe general morphological features of the lingual and laryngeal apparatus within the context of the skull and jaw apparatus 3. Contrast some fundamental functional-morphological differences that exist among the jaw, lingual and laryngeal apparatus of birds 4. Provide models of the movements of the various parts of the lingual and laryngeal apparatus based on biomechanical analyses 5. Integrate these models with behaviors in thermoregulation, feeding, drinking, and vocalization 6. Briefly demonstrate how detailed morphological and functional analyses can be tested and expanded by using 3D visualization and animation 7. Place the provided data in an evolutionary framework
Large area alpha sources with a lip: Integral counting and spectral distortions.

Abstract The detection efficiency for large area alpha sources with adjustable heights of a raised lip around the edge were measured by 2 π gas-filled proportional counter. The variations in low-energy spectral shape were modeled using a Geant4 radiation and charge transport Monte Carlo simulation, to enable extrapolation of the spectrum to zero energy. COMSOL Multiphysics finite-element analysis was used to explore changes in the spectrum gain in the presence of a lip. It qualitatively reproduced an increase in peak height due to an increasing height of the source lip. A spectrum analysis procedure was developed to perform integral counting on sources with a lip. The experimental results were used to validate the model, which was then used to predict the changes in 2 π counting efficiency for other source-lip geometries.
Preventing Violence and Injury

Traumatic injuries pose a tremendous health burden globally, causing more than 5 million deaths annually and resulting in more deaths than all other causes combined for people aged 5–44 years. For each injury and death due to violence, thousands of nonfatal injuries require medical treatment, many of which lead to long-term disability. Injuries place a severe physical, emotional, and financial burden on individual victims, their families, and our society. To prevent injuries, many intervention strategies have been used to change individual behaviors and/or policies or to improve technologies and the environment. Using four examples (seat belt use, smoke detector installation, bicycle helmet use, and intimate partner violence prevention), this chapter illustrates how multilevel behavioral approaches and strategies could be utilized to target changes at the individual, family, community, and policy levels to prevent violence and injuries. With widespread implementation of such interventions, thousands of lives could be saved annually.
Teaching Video NeuroImages: Oculopalatal myoclonus: A possible consequence of brainstem injury.

A 61-year-old man with previous left cerebellar infarct complained of double vision and dizziness several months postinfarct. Infarct is shown in the figure. Examination showed rotatory nystagmus in all directions of gaze, worse on left gaze (video 1). Oral examination showed palatal tremor (video 2). Oculopalatal tremor (OPT) is thought to result from interruption of connections between the red nucleus (midbrain), dentate nucleus (cerebellum), and inferior olive (medulla).1,2 The most common cause is brainstem infarction or hemorrhage,1 but it has also been observed with multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory entities. OPT usually becomes apparent several months after the injury. Treatment may include gabapentin, memantine, benzodiazepines, and valproic acid.
The effect of divertor closure on detachment onset in DIII-D

Abstract Experiments at DIII-D use different divertor geometries to measure the effect of divertor closure on detachment onset. We compare matched H-mode discharges in the closed (upper) divertor and the open (lower) divertor and use as a detachment onset metric the rollover in peak ion flux to the target, Jsat, as a function of upstream pedestal top density, ne,ped. Measurements of electron temperature in the lower divertor confirm that this metric captures the transition from attached to detached divertor for this data set. Experiments at two different neutral beam injection powers demonstrate an ≈ 20–40% decrease in pedestal density at detachment onset in the closed case compared to the open. High-resolution edge density and temperature measurements and power balance analysis allow us to determine the difference in upstream separatrix density ne,sep at detachment onset, which we find to be ≈ 15–25% lower in the closed divertor case. The effect of closure on detachment seen in separatrix density is hence only about 60–75% the effect seen in pedestal density, with the remainder due to differences in ne,sep/ne,ped. Future devices are expected to have a scrape off layer that is opaque to neutrals, and hence will not have the same pedestal fueling to affect ne,sep/ne,ped; this suggests that the effect of closure on detachment onset seen in future devices will be less than that seen in current experiments, and closer to the magnitude of the effect we see here in the separatrix for a similar degree of divertor closure.
Isolated right bundle branch block in asymptomatic patients: not inconsequential as previously thought?

Bundle branch block (BBB) is noted commonly after myocardial infarctions, myocarditis and cardiomyopathy; however, isolated BBB (in the absence of structural heart disease) is not infrequent. Right bundle branch block (RBBB) is much more prevalent in population compared with left bundle branch block (LBBB). This is likely because the right bundle branch (BB) is a smaller, more discrete structure compared with the large multifasciculate left bundle; and as such is more prone to complete interruption of function in response to disease.1 The aetiology of isolated BBB in subjects without evidence of structural heart disease is usually an age-related degeneration of the conduction system, which may be either a focal (Lev’s disease) or a diffuse (Lenegre’s disease) process.2 3 Others may have undetected ischaemia, valvular heart disease or cardiomyopathy. Several previous studies have looked at the natural history of asymptomatic BBB in patients with no known structural heart disease (online supplementary table). Multiple studies have shown that isolated LBBB portends a poor cardiovascular prognosis, and is associated with a future risk of heart failure, worsening conduction disease requiring pacemaker placement and higher mortality.4 Isolated RBBB, on the other hand, is widely considered to be a benign finding and of favourable prognosis.5 Studies on the prognostic significance of isolated RBBB have provided conflicting results perhaps due to relatively small sample size and short follow-up time duration (online supplementary table). ### Supplementary data [heartjnl-2019-314751supp001.docx] In their Heart paper, Rasmussen et al 6 present the clinical implications …
Novel staging system using carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECCC) and its implications on overall survival (OS).

4091Background: Optimal management of ECCA patients with elevated CA19-9 remains undefined. We hypothesized CA 19-9 elevation as a marker of aggressive biology in ECCA and that inclusion of CA 19-9...
Renal nerves and leukocyte infiltration in the kidney during salt-sensitive hypertension

Based on previous studies suggesting a role of renal nerves in renal inflammation, the present studies were performed to test the hypothesis that renal nerves mediate renal damage in Dahl salt-sens...
When clients want to pay more for psychotherapy: ethical issues and implications

One ethical issue that commonly comes up in clinical practice is the negotiation of fees with clients. Although the APA Ethics Code provides standards regarding clients who are unable to or do not ...
Is Hydroxychloroquine Safe During Pregnancy? Observations from Penn Medicine

A novel strain of coronavirus appeared in December 2019. Over the next few months, this novel coronavirus spread throughout the world, being declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. As of this writing (March 28, 2020) over one hundred thousand individuals in the United States of America were confirmed cases. One way of treating the associated disease, COVID-19, is to reuse existing FDA-approved medications. One medication that has shown promise is hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). However, the utility and safety of HCQ among pregnant COVID-19 patients remains a concern.
Starting strong: Dietary, behavioral, and environmental factors that promote "strength" from conception to age 2 years.

Beginning with conception and continuing through childhood and adolescence, the word “strength” connotes the totality of optimal early bone and tissue growth; neural wiring of the brain; and acquis...
To Sobol or not to Sobol? The effects of sampling schemes in systems biology applications.

Abstract Computational and mathematical models in biology rely heavily on the parameters that characterize them. However, robust estimates for their values are typically elusive and thus a large parameter space becomes necessary for model study, particularly to make translationally impactful predictions. Sampling schemes exploring parameter spaces for models are used for a variety of purposes in systems biology, including model calibration and sensitivity analysis. Typically, random sampling is used; however, when models have a high number of unknown parameters or the models are highly complex, computational cost becomes an important factor. This issue can be reduced through the use of efficient sampling schemes such as Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) and Sobol sequences. In this work, we compare and contrast three sampling schemes – random sampling, LHS, and Sobol sequences – for the purposes of performing both parameter sensitivity analysis and model calibration. In addition, we apply these analyses to different types of computational and mathematical models of varying complexity: a simple ODE model, a complex ODE model, and an agent-based model. In general, the sampling scheme had little effect when used for calibration efforts, but when applied to sensitivity analyses, Sobol sequences exhibited faster convergence. While the observed benefit to convergence is relatively small, Sobol sequences are computationally less expensive to compute than LHS samples and also have the benefit of being deterministic, which allows for better reproducibility of results.
Rates of Reversal of Volume Overload in Hospitalized Acute Heart Failure: Association With Long-term Kidney Function.

Abstract Rationale and Objective Achievement of decongestion in acute heart failure (AHF) is associated with improved survival and cardiovascular outcomes, but can be associated with acute declines in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We sought to examine whether rate of in-hospital decongestion is associated with longer term kidney function decline. Study Design Post hoc analysis of trial data. Settings & Participants Patients with ≥2 measures of kidney function (n=3,500) from the Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure Outcome Study With Tolvaptan (EVEREST) trial. Exposure In-hospital rate of change in assessments of volume overload, including b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and clinical congestion score (0-12); and rate of change in hemoconcentration including measures of hematocrit, albumin and total protein. Outcomes Incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) Stage ≥4 (defined by a new eGFR 40%. Analytical Approach Multivariable cause-specific hazards models. Results Over median 10-month follow-up, faster decreases in volume overload and more rapid increases in hemoconcentration were associated with decreased risk of incident CKD Stage ≥4 and eGFR decline of >40%. In adjusted analyses, for every 6% faster decline in BNP per week, there was a 32% lower risk of both incident CKD Stage ≥4 (HR=0.68, 95% CI 0.58, 0.79) and eGFR decline by >40% (HR=0.68, 95% CI 0.57, 0.80). For every 1% faster increase per week in absolute hematocrit, there was a lower risk for both incident CKD Stage ≥4 (HR=0.73 [0.64, 0.84]) and eGFR decline by >40% (HR=0.82 [0.71, 0.95]), with results consistent for other biomarkers. Limitations Possibility of residual confounding. Conclusion These results provide reassurance that more rapid decongestion in patients with AHF do not increase the risk of adverse kidney outcomes in patients with HF.
The distorting effects of SCBA equipment on speech and algorithms for mitigation

High quality, reliable communications between public safety personnel is essential for accomplishing missions while maintaining their own health and safety. The SCBA mask air delivery system is essential equipment in some public service activities, and its effects on speech must be considered in public service communications system designs. An SCBA mask encloses the face and mouth and alters articulation and the speech spectrum. SCBA system noises such as alarms and air regulator noise, in addition to environmental noises, add to the deterioration of speech quality in an SCBA-fronted communication system. In digital communication systems, corrupted speech affects codec performance increasing the potential for diminished intelligibility. This paper describes a study of some of the distortion effects of SCBA equipment on speech quality. It also describes two signal processing algorithms designed to mitigate some of the effects of the distortion.
Chemical Pollution of the Environment: Past, Present and Future

In an era of ‘global environmental change’ people are concerned about emissions of CO_2, CH_4, N_2O and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) to the atmosphere because of their direct impact on global warming and their stratospheric ozone-depleting effects. Unprecedented efforts have been made to reduce the global emissions of CFCs. Major industries, which are competing within the modern global economy, have recognized the importance of maintaining a ‘green’ perspective. Future operations will be designed to reduce the direct emissions of chemical by-products to air, water and soil, and to recycle and to reuse critical solvents such as water. ‘Star Wars’ technologies for the rapid, economical and effective elimination of industrial and domestic wastes will be developed and employed on a large scale. Advanced technologies for the control and monitoring of chemical pollutants on regional and global scales will be developed and implemented. Satellite-based instruments will be able to detect, to quantify, and to monitor a wide range of chemical pollutants. Our understanding of the fate and consequences of chemicals in the environment will increase dramatically such that we shall be able to predict the environmental, ecological and biochemical consequences of novel synthetic molecules with much greater precision.
Less Common Arthropathies

Many rheumatologic diseases have prominent cutaneous findings. Careful examination of the skin may lead to prompt diagnoses, relatively noninvasive means of defining systemic disorders, and possibly better outcomes. ■ Entities discussed in this chapter include the neutrophilic dermatoses (Sweet’s syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum), panniculitis (e.g., erythema nodosum), the sclerosing/fibrosing diseases (e.g., morphea and scleromyxedema), pustular conditions, and a variety of cutaneous conditions with possible implications for rheumatic disease.
Search for Predictors of Exceptional Human Longevity: Using Computerized Genealogies and Internet Resources for Human Longevity Studies

Abstract This paper explores new opportunities provided by the ongoing revolution in information technology, computer science, and Internet expansion for studies of exceptional human longevity. To this aim, the detailed family data for 991 alleged centenarians born between 1875 and 1899 in the United States were extracted from publicly available computerized family histories of 75 million individuals available at the Rootsweb site. To validate the age of the centenarians, these records were linked first to the Social Security Administration Death Master File records (for death date validation) and then to the records of the U.S. censuses for 1900, 1910, and 1920 (for birth date validation). The results of this cross-validation study demonstrated that computerized genealogies may serve as a useful starting point for developing a reliable family-linked scientific database on exceptional human longevity. The resulting database on centenarians with validated ages was used in the study of the predictors of exc...
The single crystal metal−non-aqueous solvent interface: underpotential deposition of Cd on Ag (111) in propylene carbonate

Abstract The underpotential deposition of cadmium on Ag (111) in propylene carbonate using either lithium perchlorate or tetra-n-butylammonium perchlorate as supporting electrolytes has been found to yield sharp and well defined voltammetric peaks. The results obtained in aqueous LiClO 4 and tetraethylammonium perchlorate solutions for the same UPD-host metal system were, however, found to be different from those in propylene carbonate, particularly in the case of LiClO 4 for which the voltammetry was characterized by broad and ill-defined features. This novel solvent-induced effect has been attributed to differences in the extent of specific adsorption of the perchlorate anion in water and PC and/or to solvent-metal substrate interactions.
Multiplexing of MPEG video sources over an ATM LAN

We study the characterization of MPEG sources and their multiplexing onto a 25 Mbps port of an ATM LAN. The bit rate characteristics of a wide variety of MPEG sequences have been measured. Although long range dependence has been observed in sample autocorrelations, we have focused on the exponentially decaying short range dependence and constructed a 4-state Markov-modulated fluid source model based on ensemble measurements of various sequences. This MPEG source model is then used to study the statistical behavior of a common buffer that multiplexes multiple sources onto a 25 Mbps ATM LAN switch. We derive the cell loss performance versus buffer size when the number of multiplexed sources is increased. With an ensemble source average rate of 1.67 Mbps, our results show that a cell loss rate better than 10/sup -6/ is maintained by a 800-cell buffer if 10 sources are used, yielding a multiplexing gain of 2.
Automobile Braking Energy, Acceleration and Speed in City Traffic

Speed-time data obtained in two large-scale studies by following randomly selected vehicles in a number of cities with an instrumented car are analyzed here by dividing the data into trip segments between successive stops and computing values of traffic variables for the individual trip segments. The amount of energy dissipated in braking is largely determined by the energy used to accelerate the vehicle, suggesting that drivers do not currently reduce braking in order to save fuel. Traffic characteristics in different metropolitan areas are compared based on the computed traffic variables. Acceleration distribution at different speeds are computed.
The Hyderabad Karnatik, 1687—1707

In September 1687 the Mughal emperor, Aurangzeb, finally achieved a goal he had sought for the past forty years: the conquest of the kingdom of Golconda. After an extended siege of the great fort of Golconda, treachery and a night escalade had finally given the Mughal ruler possession of the last center of resistance in the kingdom. Abul Hasan, the last Qutb Shah ruler, became a Mughal captive. Aurangzeb wasted little time in sending the former king off to captivity in Daulatabad fort. For approximately four months the conquering emperor remained in Hyderabad in order that he could personally direct the first steps toward assimilation of the new territories into the empire.
Binary collision dynamics of fuel droplets

Abstract An experimental study has been carried out in which the collision dynamics of two n -haxane fuel droplets are studied. The experiments are performed on the collision of two burning droplets, as well as two nonburning droplets, to assess the influence of the high temperature combustion environment on the dynamics of the collision. The results indicate that as the Weber number is increased, the collision type moves toward higher energy collision, and for the same Weber number, different types of collisions, depending on the local value of the collision impact parameter, may occur. In the range of the Weber numbers studied, the results show that for the nonburning droplets, the collision type can be bouncing, grazing, temporary coalescence-satellite generating, or permanent coalescence, depending on the local value of the impact parameter. For the burning droplets in the same initial Weber number range, only temporary coalescence and permanent coalescence are observed.
Computed tomography of renal infarction: Clinical and experimental observations

Acute renal infarction is rarely diagnosed before death despite fairly characteristic clinical and radiographic features. Definitive radiologic diagnosis of renal infarction often requires invasive procedures such as retrograde pyelography and angiography. The characteristic CT findings in three patients with proven renal infarction are reported. In these patients a CT rim sign was seen: a higher-attenuation subcapsular rim surrounded renal parenchyma of lower attenuation on contrast-enhanced scans. The appearance of renal infarction varies with both the extent and age of infarction. To assess these variables, segmental, major, and total renal infarcts were created in a series of six dogs; CT scans were obtained within 2 hr after infarction, and 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks later. In all animals the ischemic and subsequently infarcted areas were seen on the initial examination as regions of low attenuation compared to the enhanced kidney. The low-attenuation areas markedly diminished by 2 weeks after infarction. ...
Ventilatory responses when altering stride frequency at a constant oxygen uptake

Ten women completed a slow walk (SW), fast walk (FW) and a slow run (R) on a motor driven treadmill to evaluate the effect of varrying stride frequency on ventilatory responses. The treadmill grade was adjusted during the walks such that the oxygen uptake was the same as during running at 0% grade. Stride frequencies averaged 59, 69 and 80 strides/min for the SW, FW and R, respectively. Oxygen uptake was similar for all three trials (1.78 L/min); as were heart frequencies (154.6 beats/min). Mean blood pressure was unaffected by changing stride frequency. Minute ventilation was similar for all three trials (ca. 47.3 L/min). Significant differences in respiratory frequency were observed (SW = 33.2, FW = 35.4, R = 37.2 breaths/min). Tidal volumes were significantly greater during the slow walk (1417 ml) than either the fast walk (1331 ml) or the run (1301 ml). CO2 output was significantly greater during the run compared to either of the walking trials. End-tidal CO2 was 38.6 mm Hg during the slow walk and was significantly reduced during the fast walk (36.3) and run (36.0). The results suggest the existence of a mild hypocapnia during the fast walk and running exercise. These results further suggest that variations in ventilatory patterns exist during walking and running that are not totally accountable by blood pressure or CO2 and may be related to extra-metabolic stimuli.
Family-Friendly FERPA Policies: Affirming Parental Partnerships.

Offering a historical perspective, this chapter describes how amendments to the legislation continue to redefine the relationships among parents, institutions, and students.
A study of the Newkirk effect in turbomachinery

Abstract An analytical and experimental study was undertaken on the Newkirk Effect as applied to turbomachinery which is the vibration change produced when a high speed rotor rubs on stationary components due to the uneven distribution of the produced heat around the rotor. The analysis predicted three possible modes of the Newkirk Effect: spiralling, oscillatory and constant modes. The first is associated with very high vibration amplitudes and the latter two with low amplitudes, even vibration suppression and may be considered as stable modes. To support and verify analysis, an experimental rig was constructed and a limited number of tests conducted. The test results verified both quantitatively and qualitatively the analytical findings for the modes of the Newkirk Effect. The parameter study indicated that stability of the system does not depend explicitly on whether the running speed is below or above the critical speed, but rather on the phase angle between static and dynamic bow. This is a dynamic property of the system unrelated to the friction characteristics. It depends, to a lesser extent, upon the amount of generated heat and the other characteristics of the system. The clearance was found to be a very important factor. The existence of a threshold value of the clearance was demonstrated.
Feminism and Feminist Approaches in Social Computing

Following on the successful CSCW 2014 workshop on Feminism and Social Media, this workshop will bring together a set of CSCW scholars to discuss feminist perspectives in social computing and technology. We will explore theoretical and methodological approaches to the topic and draw on literature and empirical studies to build a set of generative and creative dialogues around the topics of diversity, sexual orientation, cultural attitudes, sociopolitical affiliations, and other emergent themes. Conversations will be directed particularly toward the challenges of using a feminist approach in CSCW scholarship, identifying both productive and problematic research practices. This session promises to open new feminist dialogues about current issues in CSCW from sexuality and identity on social media, labor and technology development, and gender inequality within Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math + Arts and Design (STEAM) collaborative efforts, and other emergent areas of interest.
Estimating compensating and equivalent income variations from hedonic price models

Abstract Estimates of welfare changes obtained from hedonic price models usually consist of changes in Marshallian consumer's surplus. This note shows how compensating and equivalent income variations can be computed from the information available in hedonicprice models.
Inhibition of Ion Channels and Heart Beat in Drosophila by Selective COX-2 Inhibitor SC-791

Recent findings suggest that modulation of ion channels might be implicated in some of the clinical effects of coxibs, selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Celecoxib and its inactive analog 2,5-dimethyl-celecoxib, but not rofecoxib, can suppress or augment ionic currents and alter functioning of neurons and myocytes. To better understand these unexpected effects, we have recently investigated the mechanism of inhibition of human Kv2.1 channels by a highly selective COX-2 inhibitor SC-791. In this study we have further explored the SC-791 action on ion channels and heartbeat in Drosophila, which lacks cyclooxygenases and thus can serve as a convenient model to study COX-2-independent mechanisms of coxibs. Using intracellular recordings in combination with a pharmacological approach and utilizing available Drosophila mutants, we found that SC-791 inhibited voltage-activated K+ and L-type Ca2+ channels in larval body-wall muscles and reduced heart rate in a concentration-dependent manner. Unlike celecoxib and several other K+ channel blockers, SC-791 did not induce arrhythmia. Instead, application of SC-791 resulted in a dramatic slowing of contractions and, at higher concentrations, in progressively weaker contractions with gradual cessation of heartbeat. Isradipine, a selective blocker of L-type Ca2+ channels, showed a similar pattern of heart arrest, though no prolongation of contractions was observed. Ryanodine was the only channel modulating compound of those tested additionally that was capable of slowing contractions. Like SC-791, ryanodine reduced heart rate without arrhythmia. However, it could not stop heartbeat completely even at 500 µM, the highest concentration used. The magnitude of heart rate reduction, when SC-791 and ryanodine were applied together, was smaller than expected for independent mechanisms, raising the possibility that SC-791 might be interfering with excitation-contraction coupling in Drosophila heart.
Thermal stresses in an intersecting-shell subject to nonlinear strain

Thermal stresses are considered in a system of intersecting cylindrical shells in which there is geometrical nonlinearity. The normal displacements are close to the thickness but are small by comparison with the other linear dimensions. The problem is solved by successive approximation by the use of finite differences. The effects of the geometrical nonlinearity are examined along with those of the average temperature and the temperature difference across the thickness in relation to the state of strain.
V-valuations of a commutative ring, I

We propose a definition of a valuation of a commutative ring which includes, to the best of our knowledge, all existing definitions. Those are: the Artin definition of an absolute value introduced in order to yield the product formula for a global field, the Samuel notion of a subring whose complement is multiplicatively closed, the Manis notion of a valuation mapping onto an extended group, and, most fundamental, the Krull notion of a valuation of a field (see [2], [S], and [6]). We introduce the notion of a V-monoid and define what we mean by a V-valuation of a commutative ring. This terminology is, at the insistence of the first author, to honor the second author, who originally brought to his attention the basic idea. We define the notion of a co-multiplicatively clbsed subset of a ring (CMC subset, for short) and establish a natural bijective correspondence between isomorphism classes of V-valuations of a commutative ring R and the CMC subsets of R. We call certain V-valuations formally finite and show that the above correspondence induces a bijective correspondence between the formally finite V-valuations and the CMC subrings of R. We investigate the structure of V-monoids and introduce several operations on V-monoids. We determine the structure of all finite V-monoids and show that each such occurs as the target of a V-valuation of a commutative ring. We show that the V-monoids in several other classes are realizable as the targets of V-valuations of commutative rings. We conclude with a determination of all V-valuations of a number field. In a forthcoming paper entitled “Complex-Valued Places and CMC Subsets of a Field,” the authors characterize the nonring CMC subsets of a held F. Given a complex-valued place Q: B -+ C on F, i.e., cp is a ring homomorphism defined on a valuation subring B of F and q(B) is a subfield of C, let A = { XE B 1 lqxl < 1). Then A is a nonring CMC subset of F 264 0021-8693/89 $3.00
A Comprehensive Approach to the Study of Collagen Primary Structure Based on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

A comprehensive approach for the structural microanalysis of collagen based on high-performance liquid chromatography (h.p.1.c.) has been developed using calf skin type I collagen as a model system. The α, β and γ components were separated, after heat denaturation, on a TSK 4000 SW gel permeation column, using a nonvolatile buffer. Monitoring at 210 nm permits the detection of 1 μg of a single chain. The α1(I) and α2(I) chains were completely resolved using a large-pore reversed-phase column (Vydac 201 TP 4.6) eluted by an aqueous acetonitrile gradient (24-48 %) containing 0.01 M heptafluorabutyric acid as an ion-pairing agent. The purified α1(I) chain was digested with CNBr and the resulting fragments separated in the same chromatography system with a gradient containing a 12.8-44.8%, acetonitrile gradient. The purified α1(I)CB 3 peptide was further cleaved with trypsin and the resulting peptides separated first by a similar chromatography with a 4-32 % acetonitrile gradient. Resolution of some poorly separated peptides was obtained by a rechromatography using trifluoroacetic acid as counterion. The isolated peptides were hydrolyzed and identified by their amino-acid composition. Sequencing of h.p.l.c.-purified α1(I)CB 3 was also performed to demonstrate the suitability of the technique for the preparation of peptides for amino-acid sequencing. This study demonstrates that detailed structural analysis can be performed on 3 mg of a purified collagen.
Human chorionic gonadotropin-induced heterologous desensitization of rabbit luteal adenylyl cyclase is associated with altered receptor and G-protein function

We injected hCG into pseudopregnant rabbits on day 7 of pseudopregnancy and analyzed changes in the components of luteal adenylyl cyclase system in order to determine which components are responsible for altered hormonal responsiveness upon desensitization. hCG-induced desensitization was homologous (loss of responsiveness to LH) early (first 6 h), then became heterologous (partial loss of responsiveness to catecholamines) later (12-48 h). The total number of LH receptors was reduced approximately 30% 3 h after treatment at a time when LH stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity was not altered. Total LH receptors remained at this level until 24 h, when total receptors were reduced by 88%. While total LH receptor number remained constant, LH-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity was declining to 57% of the control value at 12 h. Available unoccupied LH receptors were reduced by 96% at 12 h. The affinity of the occupied receptors was reduced 4-fold before down-regulation. The changes in β-adrenergic recepto...
Sputtering of water ice induced by C60 bombardment: onset of plume formation.

The interaction of a 5 keV C 60 projectile with amorphous water ice is studied using molecular dynamics computer simulations. The energetic C 60 molecule causes large-scale collisional events in the subsurface region, involving more than 10 4 water molecules in a time of less than 3 ps. The energy deposited in the sample is sufficiently large to turn the ice into a superheated and superdense gas. The gas is expelled into the vacuum, leading to the formation of a flow that manifests itself in the angular and velocity distributions of emitted water molecules.
Effect of linker structure on surface density of aptamer monolayers and their corresponding protein binding efficiency.

A systematic study is reported on the effect of linker size and its chemical composition toward ligand binding to a surface-immobilized aptamer, measured using surface plasmon resonance. The results, using thrombin as the model system, showed that as the number of thymidine (T) units in the linker increases from 0 to 20 in four separate increments (T0, T5, T10, T20), the surface density of the aptamer decreased linearly from approximately 25 to 12 pmol·cm−2. The decrease in aptamer surface density occurred due to the increased size of the linker molecules. In addition, thrombin binding capacity was shown to increase as the linker length increased from 0 to 5 thymidine nucleotides and then decreased as the number of thymidine residues increased to 20 due to a balance between two different effects. The initial increase was due to increased access of thrombin to the aptamer as the aptamer was moved away from the surface. For linkers greater in length than T5, the overall decrease in binding capacity was prim...
Transverse effects in paired-photon generation via an electromagnetically induced transparency medium. II. Beyond perturbation theory

Generation of counterpropagating paired Stokes and anti-Stokes photons at the two-photon level in an electromagnetically induced transparency system is examined in quantum theory. In particular, we focus on the transverse effects of generated entangled photon pairs. Using first-order perturbation theory, we have studied the two-photon state including the phase matching conditions. The comparison of single photon counting and two-photon coincidence counting measurement is provided, which show some interesting properties.
Abstract 4643: Epstein-Barr virus infection (EBV) and expression of B-cell oncogenic markers in HIV+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)

Background: Lymphomagenicity of EBV in the setting of HIV infection has been widely accepted. However, the underlying carcinogenic mechanism of EBV is largely unknown and warrants further study. We sought to investigate the hypothesis that EBV infection is associated with expression of specific B-cell oncogenic markers in HIV+ DLBCL. Methods: HIV+ DLBCL cases diagnosed between 1996-2007 within the Kaiser Permanente California Health Plan were identified. Archived tumor specimens were retrieved and HE another 7 had undetermined EBV status; and 70 were included in the study. Marker expressions are shown in the table: Conclusion: There was a suggestion that Cyclin E and PKC-β2 were more commonly expressed in EBV+ DLBCL, and that FOXP1, BCL2, and Survivin were more commonly expressed in EBV- DLBCL. However, none of these associations reached statistical significance. These findings provide limited support that the underlying carcinogenic mechanism of EBV involves the mediation of the expression of oncogenic markers examined here. However, our study power was limited, thus requiring confirmation in larger studies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4643. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4643