cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
ExCoV: Expansion-compression Variance-component based sparse-signal reconstruction from noisy measurements

We present an expansion-compression variance-component based method (EXCOV) for reconstructing sparse or compressible signals from noisy measurements. The measurements follow an underdetermined linear model, with noise covariance matrix known up to a constant. To impose sparse or compressible signal structure, we define high- and low-signal coefficients, where each high-signal coefficient is assigned its own variance, low-signal coefficients are assigned a common variance, and all the variance components are unknown. Our expansion-compression scheme approximately maximizes a generalized maximum likelihood (GML) criterion, providing an approximate GML estimate of the high-signal coefficient set and an empirical Bayesian estimate of the signal coefficients.We apply the proposed method to reconstruct signals from compressive samples, compare it with existing approaches, and demonstrate its performance via numerical simulations.
The HIV-1 Rev protein

The nuclear export of intron-containing HIV-1 RNA is critically dependent on the activity of Rev, a virally encoded sequence-specific RNA-binding protein. Rev shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm and harbors both a nuclear localization signal and a nuclear export signal. These essential peptide motifs have now been shown to function by accessing cellular signal-mediated pathways for nuclear import and nuclear export. HIV-1 Rev therefore represents an excellent system with which to study aspects of transport across the nuclear envelope.
Euler and Navier-Stokes Equations

We present results concerning the local existence, regularity and possible blow up of solutions to incompressible Euler and Navier-Stokes equations.
Vector Competence of Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae) from Iowa for a Sympatric Strain of Western Equine Encephalomyelitis (WEE-7738) Virus

Experiments were designed to evaluate the vector competence of Culex tarsalis Coquillet from an area (Sioux City) where Cx. tarsalis is most abundant in Iowa for western equine encephalomyelitis virus (WEE-7738). WEE-7738 was isolated from Aedes trivittatus (Coquillet) collected in Ames, IA, in 1977. Infection rate, dissemination rate, multiplication efficiency, and transmission rate were determined for this virus in the SC strain of Cx. tarsalis. SC strain of Cx. tarsalis was as susceptible to WEE-7738 as Californian strains of Cx. tarsalis were to BFS1703 strain of WEE; OID50 of SC Cx. tarsalis was 2.63 log TCID50 per mosquito and OID50 of Californian strains of Cx. tarsalis were 2.0-4.1 log PFU per mosquito. However, transmission of WEE-7738 (4.2%) by the SC strain of Cx. tarsalis was lower than those (10-60%) reported in other studies.
Predicting power failures with reactive point processes

We present a new statistical model for predicting discrete events continuously in time, called Reactive Point Processes (RPP’s). RPP’s are a natural fit for many domains where time-series data are available, and their development was motivated by the important problem of predicting serious events (fires, explosions, power failures) in the underground electrical grid of New York City. RPP’s capture several important properties of this domain such as self-exciting and self-regulating properties as well as the diminishing returns of many events or inspections in a row.
Hypocalcemia in Malignancy - Unexpected but Common

One of the most common metabolic abnormalities found in patients with malignancy is hypercalcemia. Hypocalcemia is a rare occurrence and is often found to be associated with renal failure and patients taking bisphosphonate therapy for bone metastasis in this patient population. Here, we present two different case reports with hypocalcemia. A 66-year-old female with a recent diagnosis of tonsillar diffuse B-cell lymphoma admitted with complaints of generalized weakness after one cycle of R-CHOP, found to have neutropenia, a low calcium level, high PTH, and low 25-hydroxy Vitamin D levels. She was given calcium gluconate and supplemental 25-hydroxy Vitamin D. On day 2, the patient's symptoms and counts improved. The second patient was a 64-year-old male with recurrent metastatic laryngeal carcinoma, along with a second locally advanced primary rectal adenocarcinoma, presented with severe hypocalcemia and a low PTH level. The patient was on adjuvant chemotherapy and exhibited Chvostek’s sign, along with perioral numbness, tingling, and twitching sensations, which eventually led to dysphagia. He was treated with calcium gluconate, calcitriol, and calcium carbonate. Signs and symptoms, along with lab values, improved on day 4. These cases suggest that calcium kinetics and 25-hydroxy Vitamin D levels need to be monitored in these patient populations in a routine manner.
Recent results on the integration of variable renewable electric power into the US grid

New research results in several areas that can help to facilitate the large-scale integration of variable renewable power sources into the electric power system are reviewed. Increasing the market share of variable renewable electric power generation in the United States from the present 4% is eminently feasible, and can be facilitated by recent research. The amplitude of variability of wind and solar power is much less at high frequencies than at low frequencies, so that slow-ramping generators such as combined-cycle natural gas and coal can compensate for most of the variability. The interannual variability of wind power is beginning to be understood, as are the biases in its day-ahead forecasts. Geographic aggregation of wind and solar power has been proposed as a method to smooth their variability; for wind power, it has been shown that there is little smoothing at timescales where the magnitude of variability is strongest. It has also been shown that the point of diminishing returns is reached after a relatively few wind plants have been interconnected. While good prospects for lower cost electric storage for grid applications exist, the profitability of storage for integration of renewable power is likely to remain a difficult issue. New extremely efficient, low pollution, and fast-ramping natural gas plants have come on the market. It is now possible to predict the amount of additional capacity of this sort that must be procured by system operators to cover the uncertainty in wind forecasts.
Decision theory, motor planning, and visual memory: deciding where to reach when memory errors are costly

Limitations in visual working memory (VWM) have been extensively studied in psychophysical tasks, but not well understood in terms of how these memory limits translate to performance in more natural domains. For example, in reaching to grasp an object based on a spatial memory representation, overshooting the intended target may be more costly than undershooting, such as when reaching for a cup of hot coffee. The current body of literature lacks a detailed account of how the costs or consequences of memory error influence what we encode in visual memory and how we act on the basis of remembered information. Here, we study how externally imposed monetary costs influence behavior in a motor decision task that involves reach planning based on recalled information from VWM. We approach this from a decision theoretic perspective, viewing decisions of where to aim in relation to the utility of their outcomes given the uncertainty of memory representations. Our results indicate that subjects accounted for the uncertainty in their visual memory, showing a significant difference in their reach planning when monetary costs were imposed for memory errors. However, our findings indicate that subjects memory representations per se were not biased by the imposed costs, but rather subjects adopted a near-optimal post-mnemonic decision strategy in their motor planning.
Are Spinach Chloroplasts Involved in Flavonoid O-Methylation?

Intact spinach chloroplasts, which were isolated on a cushion of Percoll and purified on discon­tinuous sucrose gradients, were found to adsorb appreciable amounts of high specific activity, cytosolic O-methyltransferases. The latter activity was readily eliminated after washing the chloroplast pellet with 0.1 ᴍ phosphate in sucrose gradient buffer and finally with 0 .1% nonidet. Furthermore, the OMT activity of spinach leaves was resolved by chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B into caffeic acid (COMT) and flavonoid (FOMT) O-methyltransferase ac­tivities, and purified to 30-and 50-fold, respectively. The similarities between the FOMT/COMT activity ratios and the methylation patterns of intact chloroplasts and their supernatants, as well as those of purified leaf preparations, suggest non-specific binding of cytosolic OMTs to chloroplast envelopes. It is concluded, therefore, that spinach chloroplasts are not involved in the methylation of phenylpropanoid or flavonoid compounds. These results call attention for the re-evaluation of the role of this organelle in the biosynthesis or accumulation of plant secondary metabolites.
Risk Factors for Nonplatelet Thromboxane Generation After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Background Persistent thromboxane (TX) generation while receiving aspirin therapy is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The Reduction in Graft Occlusion Rates (RIGOR) study found that aspirin‐insensitive TXA2 generation, indicated by elevated urine 11‐dehydro‐TXB2 (UTXB2) 6 months after coronary artery bypass graft surgery, was a potent risk factor for vein graft thrombosis and originated predominantly from nonplatelet sources. Our goal was to identify risks factors for nonplatelet TXA2 generation. Methods and Results Multivariable modeling was performed by using clinical and laboratory variables obtained from 260 RIGOR subjects with verified aspirin‐mediated inhibition of platelet TXA2 generation. The strongest variable associated with UTXB2 6 months after surgery, accounting for 47.2% of the modeled effect, was urine 8‐iso‐prostaglandin (PG)F2α, an arachidonic acid metabolite generated nonenzymatically by oxidative stress (standardized coefficient 0.442, P <0.001). Age, sex, race, lipid therapy, creatinine, left ventricular ejection fraction, and aspirin dose were also significantly associated with UTXB2 ( P <0.03), although they accounted for only 4.8% to 10.2% of the modeled effect. Urine 8‐iso‐PGF2α correlated with risk of vein graft occlusion (odds ratio 1.67, P =0.001) but was not independent of UTXB2. In vitro studies revealed that endothelial cells generate TXA2 in response to oxidative stress and direct exposure to 8‐iso‐PGF2α. Conclusions Oxidative stress–induced formation of 8‐iso‐PGF2α is strongly associated with nonplatelet thromboxane formation and early vein graft thrombosis after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The endothelium is potentially an important source of oxidative stress–induced thromboxane generation. These findings suggest therapies that reduce oxidative stress could be useful in reducing cardiovascular risks associated with aspirin‐insensitive thromboxane generation.
Montgomery Clift, Queer Star Elisabetta Girelli. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2014.

Montgomery Clift, Queer Star Elisabetta Girelli. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2014.When I first began queer media studies back in 1989, the word "queer" was as freighted with controversy as the scholarship was sparse. Among the early gems, Michael Bronski's Culture Clash: The Making of Gay Sensibility (1984) covered many topics and media, but the film chapter stood out for its protoqueer-studies analyses of otherwise "straight" culture. Although I knew Montgomery Clift was gay (I recall my mom reading Robert LaGuardia's biography Monty in 1977 amid a resuscitation of Clift-o-mania), Bronski's comments on the "primarily homosexual" actor have endured in my memory for decades: "fluid without being feminine," Clift (along with James Dean and Marlon Brando) combined "vulnerability and sensitivity" with "the promise of an eroticism that was pliant and engaging; the strong, silent, rugged American male would never be the same" (104). A decade later, the documentary The Celluloid Closet (1996) concretized Clift's reputation as a closeted yet subversive star icon, through the famous clip from Red River (1948) in which Clift (staggeringly, effortlessly handsome) and John Ireland compare guns in a barely covert flirtation.As Elisabetta Girelli explains in her wonderfully written and researched Montgomery Clift: Queer Star, these once controversial interpretations now constitute the standard perception of Clift: as a youthful, dazzlingly beautiful boy-man attractive to all sexes whose rebelliousness, sensitivity, and status as both erotic subject and object communicated subversively gay sexuality. Among the book's many strengths, Girelli challenges the exclusivity of this interpretation. Without disputing the historical import and accuracy of gay interpretations of Clift, the predominance of this framework harbors hegemonic norms restricting the range of meanings signified by the label "queer" in addition to limiting definitions of queer transgression. Simply put, the prevailing narrative of Clift is not queer enough; just as the label "gay" fails to represent the diverse range of queer identities and desires, analyses of Clift's significance in exclusively gay male terms absent a multitude of historically prevalent queer meanings.Gire hi's commitment to broadening the purview of queer identity governing scholarly inquiry into Montgomery Clift is consistent and intellectually productive. Her considerations of Clift's alternate queer meanings through theories of asexuality and disability remain both cutting-edge and sturdily motivated by the history of Clift's career and content of his films. One perplexing absence arises, however, by not examining racial/ethnic difference. National identity remains a consistent theme of Clift's queer persona (especially in the analysis of Clift's war movies) and ethnicity provides a subtext to considerations of his Jewish characters in The Young Lions (1958) and Freud (1962). …
The major ganglion in the pelvic plexus of the male rat: a histochemical and ultrastructural study.

To further evaluate the role of autonomic ganglia in the regulation of pelvic visceral activity, the neural elements in the major pelvic ganglion of the male rat have been studied with histochemical and electron microscopic techniques. The principal findings are that the ganglion is composed of cholinergic and adrenergic ganglion cells as well as small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells. Polarity in the ganglion is indicated by clustering of small ganglion cells which stain intensely for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) along the pelvic nerve while larger cells, with weak to moderate AChE activity, collect near small branches of the hypogastric nerve. Some cholinergic ganglion cells are enclosed by a plexus of adrenergic terminals. SIF cells appear to be in contact with both cholinergic and adrenergic cells, although many of the fluorescent beads around adrenergic neurons may be short dendrites of ganglion cells, rather than processes of SIF cells. Two types of SIF cells may be distinguished on the basis of size and morphology of their granulated vesicles. Afferent synapses of the cholinergic type were common on SIF cells of the large granule and small granule type. Portions of SIF cells with large granules occur within the capsule of ganglion cells. Contacts seen here were interpreted as efferent synapses from SIF cells to the dendrites of ganglion cells.
New or Noteworthy Fungi from Panama and Colombia. IV

Mycelium forming a dense, appressed turf, at first white, becoming pale ochraceous with age; hyphae slender, 2-3 t/ in diameter, at first nonseptate, later giving rise to numerous conidiophores and becoming septate as the protoplasm is diverted into these structures, but dividing into short, thickened segments only in old cultures; conidiophores awl-shaped, simple or branched, often proliferating, variable in size but the unbranched ones mostly 40-60 / in length and 6-8 / in diameter at the swollen base, tapering to 1.5-2 / at the tip; conidia globose, tuberculate, finally rugose, with dense contents and a thick hyaline wall, mostly 11-15 /A in diameter, averaging 13.5 ju.
Advanced microstructural characterization of four East Antarctic firn/ice cores

The microstructures and microchemistry of four US International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition ice cores were examined, at three depths (30, 60, 90 m) each, using scanning electron microscopy, including electron backscattered patterns and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), in order to assess the relationship between chemical and physical properties. The physical characteristics (grain size, porosity, density, internal surface volume, and crystallographic orientation) at the four sites were inhomogeneous, as expected on the basis of differences in the moisture content of deposited snow and the accumulation rate at their respective locations. Evidence of shallow subgrain boundary formation and trends in internal surface volume, having implications for the study of firn densification and ice-sheet modeling, were also found. Chemical characterization revealed that site-specific variations in particulate concentration and source could accurately be determined using EDS analysis. It was also found that the combination of elements predominant within the sample controls the morphology and microstructural location of the impurities.
Comments on Big Ideas for Little Kids

Thomas Wartenberg offers his book as a guide that will provide elementary school teachers what they need to facilitate philosophical discussions with children. My concerns are centered on the natur...
Exploring process improvement decisions to support a rapidly evolving developer base

Software engineers learn through experience and training to optimize their software development process through a dynamic cycle of assessment, planning, enactment, and evaluation. When needed, software process improvement (SPI) frameworks (SPIFs) fill in experiential and educational gaps. However, because of the needs that drove their original development, existing SPIFs assume either a specific set of situational criteria or enough software engineering (SE) expertise to select and tailor SE best practices as needed. Outlier projects involving novice software developers or projects with unique concerns are left to find their own path to a quality software product. With such scenarios becoming more prevalent as computing becomes pervasive across society, there is a growing need for flexible, accessible SPIFs that allow decision-makers of all skill levels to efficiently self-drive their SPI efforts according to their individual goals and constraints. This paper outlines how we, as a research community, can and must meet this need by addressing the underlying theoretical, empirical, and practical challenges.
IJQwerty: What Difference Does One Key Change Make? Gesture Typing Keyboard Optimization Bounded by One Key Position Change from Qwerty

Despite of a significant body of research in optimizing the virtual keyboard layout, none of them has gained large adoption, primarily due to the steep learning curve. To address this learning problem, we introduced three types of Qwerty constraints, Qwerty1, QwertyH1, and One-Swap bounds in layout optimization, and investigated their effects on layout learnability and performance. This bounded optimization process leads to IJQwerty, which has only one pair of keys different from Qwerty. Our theoretical analysis and user study show that IJQwerty improves the accuracy and input speed of gesture typing over Qwerty once a user reaches the expert mode. IJQwerty is also extremely easy to learn. The initial upon-use text entry speed is the same with Qwerty. Given the high performance and learnability, such a layout will more likely gain large adoption than any of previously obtained layouts. Our research also shows the disparity from Qwerty substantially affects layout learning. To minimize the learning effort, a new layout needs to hold a strong resemblance to Qwerty.
Management of Noninvasive Carcinoma of the Cervix

The diagnosis of noninvasive cancer of the cervix depends on carefully performed pelvic examinations and accurate cytology. Their management is determined by the histologic picture of the lesion. Adequate biopsy material must rule out invasive cancer before conservative measures are adopted. Unless special facilities are available, a cone biopsy and D & C should be performed on all nonpregnant cases with punch biopsies showing severe dysplasia or carcinoma-in-situ. These entities are classified as CIN III according to the most modern classification. Cone biopsies and D & C should also be performed on cases with negative punch biopsies and suspicious cytology. Colposcopic diagnosis diagnosis and outpatient management of these lesions should be performed only in a clinic with the specialized facilities already outlined.
Variations in sensitivity to anaphylaxis and to histamine in inbred strains of mice.

Summary1. Based on the reactions of mice of 5 inbred strains sensitized to egg albumin, evidence is presented which indicates a genetic variation in the ability of mice to respond with anaphylactic shock. 2. The response by anaphylaxis was not found to be positively correlated with the amount of circulating antibody, and it is suggested that anaphylaxis in the mouse is not dependent on this antibody. 3. One inbred strain of mouse, C3H, which was found to be significantly more resistant to anaphylaxis, was also more resistant to histamine. A second strain, however, very susceptible to anaphylaxis, was no more sensitive to histamine than any other. 4. No sex difference in sensitivity to histamine or to anaphylaxis was demonstrable.
Understanding Line Plots Using Bayesian Network

Information graphics, such as bar charts, graphs, plots etc. in scientific documents primarily facilitate better understanding of information. Graphics are a key component in technical documents as they are simplified representations of complex ideas. When the traditional optical character recognition (OCR) systems is used on digitized documents, we lose the ideas conveyed in these information graphics since OCRs typically work only on text. And although in more recent times, tools have been developed to extract information graphics from pdf files, they still do not intelligently interpret the contents of the extracted graphics. We therefore propose a method for identifying the intended messages of line plots using a Bayesian network. We accomplish this by first extracting a dense set of points in from a line plot and then represent the entire line plot as a sequence of trends. We then implement a Bayesian network for reasoning about the messages conveyed by the line plots and their trends. We validate our approach by performing experiments on a dataset obtained from computer science conference publications and evaluate the performance of the network against the messages generated by human end users. The resulting intended message gives holistic information about the line plot(s) as well as lower level information about the trends that make up the plot.
Product Disposition Decisions on Closed-Loop Supply Chains

In this tutorial chapter we consider the problem of product disposition on a closed-loop supply chain: what should a firm do with a product return? Options include remanufacturing, materials recycling, and dismantling for spare parts. The answer to this question depends on the firm’s objectives and environment. In many industries, remanufacturing is more profitable than dismantling for spare parts, which is more profitable than materials recycling. Recycling may or may not be profitable; and dismantling for spare parts may not be an option if the firm is not an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). There may be uncertainty in demand for remanufactured products and/or the condition of returned products. We review here different decision support models for addressing this problem, and identify the conditions in which one approach is preferred over the other. We conclude with a quick review of the product (return) acquisition problem, which is related to the disposition problem, and that concerns the appropriate number of product returns to acquire in order to support the firm’s closed-loop supply chain operations.
Textbook access and affordability through academic library services: A department develops strategies to meet the needs of students

ABSTRACTIn the spring of 2015, the University of Minnesota Libraries formed the Content Services department, which is comprised of Interlibrary Loan, Publishing Services, and the Copyright Permissions Service. These three service points, as well as additional Library units, work together with campus partners to save students money on their course materials through a variety of programs and pilot projects. By employing multiple avenues to help faculty and students put affordable content into their existing workflows for providing and accessing required readings, the University of Minnesota Libraries are ensuring that there are many options available that support coursework and ultimately student success.
Cell state plasticity, stem cells, EMT, and the generation of intra-tumoral heterogeneity.

Cellular heterogeneity in cancer represents a significant challenge. In order to develop effective and lasting therapies, it is essential to understand the source of this heterogeneity, and its role in tumor progression and therapy resistance. Here, we consider not only genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, but also inflammation and cell state reprogramming in creating tumor heterogeneity. We discuss similarities between normal mammary epithelial developmental states and various breast cancer molecular sub-types, and the cells that are thought to propagate them. We emphasize that while stem cell phenotypes and mesenchymal character have often been conflated, existing data suggest that the combination of intrinsic genetic and epigenetic changes, and microenvironmental influences generate multiple types of tumor propagating cells distinguishable by their positions along a continuum of epithelial to mesenchymal, stem to differentiated and embryonic to mature cell states. Consequently, in addition to the prospect of stem cell-directed tumor therapies, there is a need to understand interrelationships between stem cell, epithelial–mesenchymal, and tumor-associated reprogramming events to develop new therapies that mitigate cell state plasticity and minimize the evolution of tumor heterogeneity.
Analysis of position and thickness dependence of ZnGeN 2 layer in Type-II InGaN-ZnGeN 2 quantum wells light-emitting diodes

Closely lattice-matched Type-II InGaN-ZnGeN 2 quantum well is analyzed as active region for high performance light emitters with the focus on studying the position and thickness dependence of the ZnGeN 2 layer within the InGaN quantum well.
Cognición y Representación: Persiguiendo un Sueño

La verdadera equidad educacional no se logra con solo abrir los colegios a todos los ninos, sino ofreciendoles oportunidades de exito escolar a traves del cultivo de la diversidad cognoscitiva, considerando el rol de la cultura y de la escuela en este proceso. La mente es un logro cultural cuya conformacion esta influida significativamente por el tipo de experiencias vivenciadas por una persona en el transcurso de su vida. Las formas de representacion que se usan como sistemas de simbolos para representar lo que se piensa influyen en los procesos de pensamiento y en los productos de este, desarrollan diferentes destrezas cognoscitivas e inciden en lo que uno es capaz de ver y de representar. En el trabajo docente, ellas pueden combinarse para enriquecer el conjunto de recursos ofrecidos a los alumnos a modo de que entiendan ideas importantes, utiles, hermosas y poderosas; que piensen analitica y criticamente; que especulen imaginativamente para ver conexiones en las ideas y que usen lo que saben para mejorar sus vidas y contribuir a la cultura.
Vroom: Accelerating the Mobile Web with Server-Aided Dependency Resolution

The existing slowness of the web on mobile devices frustrates users and hurts the revenue of website providers. Prior studies have attributed high page load times to dependencies within the page load process: network latency in fetching a resource delays its processing, which in turn delays when dependent resources can be discovered and fetched.To securely address the impact that these dependencies have on page load times, we present Vroom, a rethink of how clients and servers interact to facilitate web page loads. Unlike existing solutions, which require clients to either trust proxy servers or discover all the resources on any page themselves, Vroom's key characteristics are that clients fetch every resource directly from the domain that hosts it but web servers aid clients in discovering resources. Input from web servers decouples a client's processing of resources from its fetching of resources, thereby enabling independent use of both the CPU and the network. As a result, Vroom reduces the median page load time by more than 5 seconds across popular News and Sports sites. To enable these benefits, our contributions lie in making web servers capable of accurately aiding clients in resource discovery and judiciously scheduling a client's receipt of resources.
Methods and challenges in the analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data

Abstract The recent advent of highly parallelizable single-cell RNA-sequencing technologies has opened a new window into the study of cell differentiation, commitment, and diversity. Rapid advances in the development of these technologies are being accompanied by the design of computational methods tailored to address the challenges presented by the analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data. This review provides a concise overview of some of the steps, algorithms, and approaches that are currently used in the analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data, with an emphasis on recent developments.
Programa de transformación productiva (PTP): pilar fundamental para la línea de emprendimiento y empresarismo del grupo CINDE de la Fundación Universidad de América

El Gobierno Nacional a traves del Ministerio de Comercio, Industria y Turismo, ha elaborado el Programa de Transformacion Productiva – PTP, el cual, pretende transformar la industria colombiana, por medio de impulsar el desarrollo de 20 sectores estrategicos identificados por el Gobierno por medio de diferentes estudios. Estos sectores han demostrado en el ultimo tiempo que conservan un equilibrio entre alta productividad y generacion de empleo. La academia no puede ser ajena a esta transformacion del aparato productivo del pais y es por esto que los grupos de investigacion de las entidades educativas deben estar al tanto de este programa, enfocando sus esfuerzos y proyectos de investigacion hacia los sectores estrategicos identificados por el PTP. Por lo tanto, la linea de emprendimiento y empresarismo del grupo de investigacion CINDE de la Fundacion Universidad de America, no sera la excepcion, y a partir de la fecha articulara su mision y proyectos hacia dichos sectores estrategicos.
The Angels of Our Better Beasts (by Jerome Stueart)

The Angels of Our Better Beasts. By Jerome Stueart. Peterborough: Chizine Publications, 2016. 234 pages.
Physical and Chemical Cues for Spore Germination and Appressorium Formation by Fungal Pathogens

Fungal plant pathogens penetrate their hosts directly or through wounds, and of those that penetrate directly, a majority use an appressorium to provide a locus of force and enzymatic activity to aid the process. These infection structures usually are developed by the spore germling on the tip of the germ tube; however, some fungi also produce infection cushions at the tip of mycelia, i.e., Saprolegnia spp., where they arise on hyphal apices attracted to the substrata by chemotropism (Willoughby and Hasenjager 1987). The mystery is how fungi decide where to develop infection structures, and how they detect the place for penetration. In fact, selection, often random, may be influenced by the presence of nutrients and a compatible surface. A good review of the process as it was known before 1975 is that by Emmett and Parbery (1975).
Markets and Moral Regulation: Cultural Change in the European Union

Does European integration influence national cultures and social policies? Is Europe's fabled cultural diversity diminishing? In this book, Paulette Kurzer examines these important and topical questions by comparing the Irish abortion ban, Finnish and Swedish drinking restrictions, and Dutch drug decriminalization. Employing a synthesis of constructivist and institutionalist theories, Kurzer demonstrates that domestic shifts in values and attitudes, spurred along by the impact of EC/EU market integration, are in fact bringing about a convergence in European morality norms. Alcohol control policies are forced to liberalize, the Irish abortion proscription is being redefined, and Dutch drug toleration is pushed into a more punitive direction. Markets and Moral Regulation argues that a crucial agency is European law and its role as a market regulator: as market forces invade these cultural and moral spheres, protective barriers disintegrate. The result is that cultural and social domains are increasingly exposed to the influence of market competition.
A unified framework for elastoplasticity of unsaturated soils: From capillary hysteresis to soil skeletal deformations

A theoretical framework for modeling the elastoplastic constitutive behavior of unsaturated soils is presented. By combining the theory of mixtures with interfaces (TMI) and continuum theory of plasticity, a dissipation mechanism associated with capillary hysteresis is identified. We show that the plastic deformation of the soil matrix can be described by using a pseudo effective stress tensor. In this context the plastic deformation and capillary hysteresis are consistently simulated in a hierarchical and coupled manner. The proposed framework preserves all the advantages of those models based on the effective stress concept, two stress state variables, and mixture theory, while excluding their drawbacks.
Mentoring for Delinquent Children: An Outcome Study with Young Adolescent Children

Examined the outcome of a mentoring program aimed at minimizing conduct problems for young adolescent children at risk for delinquent behavior. The program was designed to give an alternative, prosocial role model for children with a history of rule-breaking and acting out behavior in school. Thirteen mentors attended weekly supervision sessions and were responsible for working with 1 at-risk child for 15 h per week. Both parents and teachers assessed behavior change at 4 intervals. Mentors and mentees also completed several evaluations of the program. The parent-report indicated significant decreases in both internalizing and externalizing behavior in the mentees during and at the end of the program. However, no significant changes were found for teacher-reported behavior. The mentors indicated that participating as a mentor enhanced their learning about children and further directed their educational goals. Implications of the effectiveness of mentoring are discussed.
Whole genome metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome of differently fed infants identifies differences in microbial composition and functional genes, including an absent CRISPR/Cas9 gene in the formula-fed cohort.

Abstract Background Advancements in sequencing capabilities have enhanced the study of the human microbiome. There are limited studies focused on the gastro-intestinal (gut) microbiome of infants, particularly the impact of diet between breast-fed (BF) versus formula-fed (FF). It is unclear what effect, if any, early feeding has on short-term or long-term composition and function of the gut microbiome. Results Using a shotgun metagenomics approach, differences in the gut microbiome between BF (n = 10) and FF (n = 5) infants were detected. A Jaccard distance principle coordinate analysis was able to cluster BF versus FF infants based on the presence or absence of species identified in their gut microbiome. Thirty-two genera were identified as statistically different in the gut microbiome sequenced between BF and FF infants. Furthermore, the computational workflow identified 371 bacterial genes that were statistically different between the BF and FF cohorts in abundance. Only seven genes were lower in abundance (or absent) in the FF cohort compared to the BF cohort, including CRISPR/Cas9; whereas, the remaining candidates, including autotransporter adhesins, were higher in abundance in the FF cohort compared to BF cohort. Conclusions These studies demonstrated that FF infants have, at an early age, a significantly different gut microbiome with potential implications for function of the fecal microbiota. Interactions between the fecal microbiota and host hinted at here have been linked to numerous diseases. Determining whether these non-abundant or more abundant genes have biological consequence related to infant feeding may aid in understanding the adult gut microbiome, and the pathogenesis of obesity.
When is a patient high risk for resection? A changing paradigm with minimally invasive lung surgery.

e20059Background: The predicted post-operative forced expiratory volume after 1 second (FEV1) and the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) are predictors of postoperative compl...
Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of Cellular Basaloid Neoplasms of the Salivary Gland

Context.— Cellular basaloid neoplasms of the salivary gland represent a diverse group of benign and malignant neoplasms with significant cytomorphologic overlap on fine-needle aspiration cytology. ...
Prevalence of Impairing Behavioral Health Problems in ED Patients and Association with ED Utilization

Background and Hypothesis: It has been observed that patients with poor mental health are relatively frequent users of the Emergency Departments (ED). The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of numerous behavioral health domains (depression, anxiety, PTSD, substance abuse, and suicidality) in patients presenting to the Emergency Department and the association of each of these domains with ED utilization. Experimental Design or Project Methods: This prospective study seeks to enroll a convenience sample of 1000 Englishspeaking adults presenting to IU Health Methodist and Eskenazi Emergency Departments without psychiatric chief-complaints. Patients were assessed for behavioral health problems using the CAT-MHTM, PHQ-8 and GAD-7 screening tools, which were administered via tablet device. Additionally, data on disposition medical history, discharge diagnoses, and ED utilization in the 12 months before and after enrollment from electronic medical records and data from the Indiana Network for Patient Care (INPC) will be reviewed. Results: Over the course of five weeks, 375 patients have been enrolled. Of those 59.4% were female with an overall mean age of 46.1 (SD ± 16.4); 52.9% were white and 39.8% black/African American. Among enrollees 42.2% screened positive for depression, 29.7% for anxiety, and 1.3% for suicidal ideation. Patients who screened positive for depression were predominately females (76.1% vs 23.9%), those who screened positive for anxiety were also predominately females (71.6% vs. 28.4%). However, 3 out of the 5 (60%) patients that screened positive for suicidal ideation were males. The preliminary analysis of GAD-7 showed of those enrolled 215 (57.5%) had no anxiety, 157 (42%) had mild-severe anxiety. PHQ-8 scores showed 194 (51.9%) had no depression, 178 (47.5%) had mild-severe depression. Similarly, CAT-MH results showed 216 (57.8%) had no depression, 158 (42.2%) had mild-severe depression, while 263 (70.3%) had no anxiety and 111 (29.7%) had mild-severe anxiety. Full data analysis including comparative analysis of the CAT-MH with PHQ-8 and GAD-7 scores will take place after 1000 patients have been enrolled and data has been received from the INPC. Conclusion and Potential Impact: In our sample, almost half of patients that visit the ED have screened positive for mental health problems. We believe that early identification and appropriate referral may reduce inappropriate ED utilization.
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Sickle Cell Trait.

Objective To compare adverse pregnancy outcomes between women with sickle cell trait (SCT) and women with normal hemoglobin. Study Design A retrospective cohort study of women who delivered within Kaiser Permanente Northern California between 2006 and 2013. Using hemoglobin electrophoretic profiles, we defined women with hemoglobin AS (HbAS) as having SCT and those with hemoglobin AA (HbAA) as having normal hemoglobin. Outcomes were pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), small for gestational age (SGA), gestational diabetes (GDM), and preterm delivery (PTD). Demographic and pregnancy outcome variations were assessed in bivariate analyses. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to estimate odds ratios for the association between primary outcomes and selected characteristics. Results Of 31,840 eligible women, 868 (2.7%) had SCT. Women with SCT were more likely to have PIH (15.6% vs. 12.2%, p value = 0.003) and SGA (8.3% vs. 6.1%, p value = 0.008), less likely to have GDM (6.8% vs. 9.8%, p value = 0.003) and had similar PTD prevalence (8.1% vs. 7.6%, p value = 0.600). In multivariable analyses, SCT was not an independent predictor of these outcomes. Racial/ethnic minorities had higher adjusted odds of PIH, SGA, and GDM. Conclusion SCT alone does not appear to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Race/ethnicity is a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Additive Manufacturing for Contaminants: Ammonia Removal Using 3D Printed Polymer-Zeolite Composites

The diverse suite of contaminants released to the environment requires creative solutions. This research identifies novel application of additive manufacturing to rapidly prototype functional compo...
Temporal dynamics of base excision / single-strand break repair protein complex assembly and disassembly are modulated by the PARP1/NAD+/SIRT6 axis

Assembly and disassembly of DNA repair protein complexes at sites of DNA damage is essential to maintain genomic integrity. We investigated factors coordinating assembly of the base excision repair (BER) proteins, DNA polymerase {beta} (Pol{beta}) and XRCC1, to DNA lesion sites, identifying a new role for Pol{beta} in regulating XRCC1 disassembly from DNA repair complexes and conversely, demonstrating Pol{beta}s dependence on XRCC1 for complex assembly. RealPAR, a genetically-encoded probe for live cell imaging of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), reveals that Pol{beta} and XRCC1 require PAR for repair complex assembly and PAR degradation for disassembly. We find that BER complex assembly is further modulated by attenuation / augmentation of NAD+ biosynthesis. Finally, SIRT6 does not regulate PARP1 activation but impairs XRCC1 recruitment, leading to diminished Pol{beta} abundance at sites of DNA damage. These findings highlight coordinated yet independent roles for both PARP1 and SIRT6 and their regulation by NAD+ bioavailability to facilitate BER.
Predicting Covid-19: wearable technology and the politics of solutionism

The COVID-19 crisis has helped facilitate and amplify a set of articulations between technology, public health, and culture. Among these connections is the idea that wearable technologies – with th...
Grape seed extract sensitizes human breast carcinoma cells to chemotherapy agents-induced growth inhibition and apoptotic death via cytochrome c release and caspase activation pathway.

5460 Grape seed extract (GSE) is one of the most commonly consumed dietary supplements in the United States because of its several health benefits. Several studies in recent years have also shown its pre-clinical efficacy as an anti-cancer agent against several epithelial cancers including breast. Since cancer patients often also consume dietary supplements while on chemotherapy, here we investigated the anti-cancer effects of GSE in combination with taxotere, cisplatin and carboplatin employing estrogen receptor-negative MDA-MB468 and MDA-MB231 human breast carcinoma cells as a model system. Based on cell growth inhibitory and death effects obtained for all four agents, several combinations of GSE (25-100 microgram/ml) with taxotere (1-10 nM) or cisplatin (0.2-2 microgram/ml) or carboplatin (2-20 microgram/ml) were next assessed for their synergistic, additive and/or antagonistic efficacy for cell growth inhibition and death. The strongest synergistic effects combination index (CI)
Use of a cytotoxic peptide as an immunotherapeutic agent in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (VAC13P.1134)

Breast cancer is a challenge for immunotherapy because of its genetic heterogeneity and decreased immunogenicity, which impedes the use of immune checkpoint blockade. A promising approach is to generate dying cancer cells that operate like a vaccine to induce a tumor-specific immune response and eradicate residual cancer cells. This is termed immunogenic cell death (ICD) and is characterized by a unique molecular signature that stimulates immunity. To develop a novel ICD agent for cancer immunotherapy, our group discovered a therapeutic peptide, CT20p, and a nanotechnology-based platform to concentrate CT20p in breast tumors. Treatment of mice with nanomolar amounts of CT20p caused tumor regression, and dying breast cancer cells expressed markers characteristic of ICD: calreticulin (Crt) and heat shock protein (HSP)-70. The intracellular target of CT20p is a protein called chaperonin-containing T-complex (CCT) that folds actin and tubulin. CCT was overexpressed in breast cancer cells susceptible to CT20p. In contrast, normal epithelial cells, macrophages or NK cells, which have low levels of CCT, were unaffected by CT20p. Breast cancer cells treated with CT20p displayed alterations in IRE1 and PERK, mediators of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that are upstream drivers of ICD signals. Hence, CT20p-treated breast cancer cells were more effectively killed by NK cells and ingested by phagocytes, demonstrating that CT20p is a robust stimulator of innate immunity.
Drosophila Gene-Enzyme Systems

Publisher Summary The genetic analysis of morphological mutants of drosophila in the past years has led to a nearly complete catalog of specific genetic sites that control many features of the adult phenotype. An approach to understanding drosophila gene action has relied on studying mutations of genes for specific enzymes that affect subtle secondary characteristics of the enzyme, have little or no effect on enzymatic properties in vivo , and do not impair the viability of the mutant organism. Several different gene-enzyme systems in drosophila have been described and genetically characterized, thereby adding substantially to the understanding of genetic expression in eukaryotic cells. The chapter focuses on the specific properties of individual gene-enzyme systems that have been amenable to analysis and hold promise for additional investigation, and discusses the genetic nomenclature, specific gene-enzyme systems, dosage compensation of gene activity, genetic organization, genetic regulation of enzyme formation, and such. Emphasis on enzyme polymorphisms is given with the view that the results of these comparisons can often provide information on possible interactions of gene systems and products.
Primitives of Spatial Knowledge

A minimal set of primitives for building sets of spatial concepts is presented. These are needed for understanding the many GIS being circulated today. Using primitives of identity, location, magnitude, and time, simple and more complex spatial concepts can be derived. These ultimately become embedded in spatial language. Implications for HCI are discussed and the types of interactive mode (e.g., visual, tactile, auditory) most appropriate in specific HCI contexts are elaborated.