cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Research Note: Evaporative Cooling for Increased Production of Large Broiler Chickens

Abstract Environmental chambers were used to simulate pad and fan evaporative cooling for rearing broilers to heavy weights during hot summer conditions of the southeastern US. Broilers were reared in the chambers from 4 to 9 wk of age. Treatments included 1) constant 21 C with a 10-C dewpoint (positive control), 2) simulating pad and fan evaporative cooling by cycling temperature from 24 to 29 to 24 C once each 24-h period with a dewpoint cycle from 21 to 23 to 21 C, and 3) simulating hot summer conditions by cycling temperature from 24 to 38 to 24 C once each 24-h period with a constant 21C dewpoint. The objective of the research was to determine if body weight and feed conversion changed as a result of using evaporative cooling when rearing large broilers in high ambient temperatures. Results show that at 6 and 9 wk of age, evaporative cooling improved body weight and feed conversion compared with rearing under typical summer conditions. The constant temperature control treatment group weighed significantly more at 9 wk of age when compared with the other two treatment groups. The use of evaporative cooling can increase body weight and improve feed conversion at both 6 and 9 wk when compared with results of rearing broilers under hot summer conditions.
Evaluation of a new algorithm for fault-tolerant clock synchronization

Synchronous clocks are an essential requirement for a variety of distributed system applications. Many of these applications are safety-critical and require fault tolerance. The paper presents a general probabilistic clock synchronization model. This model is uniformly probabilistic, incorporating random message delays, random clock drifts; and random fault occurrences. The model allows faults in any system component and of any type. Also, a new sliding window clock synchronization algorithm (SWA) that provides increased fault tolerance is proposed. The comprehensive model is used for an evaluation of SWA which shows that SWA is capable of tolerating significantly more faults than other algorithms and that the synchronization tightness is as good or better than that of other algorithms. >
Desktop Virtualization: Applications and Considerations.

As educational technology continues to rapidly become a vital part of a school district’s infrastructure, desktop virtualization promises to provide cost-effective and education-enhancing solutions to school-based computer technology problems in school systems locally and abroad. This article outlines the history of and basic concepts behind desktop virtualization and discusses obstacles to implementation and benefits that result from its use in educational settings. A large school district in Maryland was used as an entry point to illustrate the potential gains of utilizing desktop virtualization technology. Through use of Bolman and Deal’s (2008) approach to reframing organizations for change, this article aims to explain what implementation of virtualization technology would require in an applied setting and clarify how all parties in the school-based educational arena will benefit from this technology over time. It was concluded that those entrusted with executive decision-making power in America’s school systems would be wise to consider employing virtualization technology in their classrooms.
Sleep Talking and Noisy Grinding

23-year-old male presents to the sleep center with a 6-month history of sleep talking. It disrupts the sleep of his spouse and apparently occurs several times per week. She indicates that the talking is disruptive with occasional insulting remarks. She occasionally hears grinding noises along with the talking during sleep. The patient has no recollection of these events. They have become more frequent since a recent job change. Four years ago, he was started on dextroamphetamine for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) manifesting as inattentiveness. However, he has not used the medication for one year and has had no recurrence of his symptoms of inattentiveness. Additional sleep history reveals daytime fatigue but no snoring or observed apneas. His time in bed is between 8 and 9 hours and he falls asleep within 5 minutes. The Epworth score was 16/24. The physical examination was unremarkable for any pathology. His BMI is 20 and his Mallampati Score is 1. He is on no medication at this time and denies use of illicit drugs or alcohol. A characteristic recording which was representative of his nocturnal sleep study is shown in the Figure:
Morphosyntactic Analysis of the CHILDES and TalkBank Corpora

This paper describes the construction and usage of the MOR and GRASP programs for part of speech tagging and syntactic dependency analysis of the corpora in the CHILDES and TalkBank databases. We have written MOR grammars for 11 languages and GRASP analyses for three. For English data, the MOR tagger reaches 98% accuracy on adult corpora and 97% accuracy on child language corpora. The paper discusses the construction of MOR lexicons with an emphasis on compounds and special conversational forms. The shape of rules for controlling allomorphy and morpheme concatenation are discussed. The analysis of bilingual corpora is illustrated in the context of the Cantonese-English bilingual corpora. Methods for preparing data for MOR analysis and for developing MOR grammars are discussed. We believe that recent computational work using this system is leading to significant advances in child language acquisition theory and theories of grammar identification more generally.
Sensitivity analysis of a one-dimensional model of a volcanic plume with particle fallout and collapse behavior

Abstract We run a volcanic plume model with uncertain boundary conditions and entrainment related model parameters. Output variables tested for their sensitivity to the inputs are total rise height, and mass flux of particles into the umbrella cloud or downwind plume. Boundary or source conditions are vent radius, initial velocity, grain size mean and grain size standard deviation. Model parameters are entrainment rate, α , wind entrainment rate, β , and wind speed. Five sensitivity metrics were considered. Three of these are calculated for each given point in the input parameter space, by perturbing the input variable around fixed points. Two global sensitivity measures quantify the impact on the output of the input over its entire uncertain domain. We find that vent radius and initial speed have a much more profound effect on both outputs than does total grain size distribution. Plume rise height and particle mass flux are sensitive to the entrainment parameters, α and β , but these parameters are not of greater importance than the wind speed. This suggests that while efforts to better characterize entrainment parameters through laboratory experiments is important, similar efforts should be made to collect appropriate meteorological data for the region near the site of the eruption.
Closed-Form Theory of Kerr Frequency Combs

A closed-form particular solution is identified for Kerr frequency combs and simple scaling laws are developed. The behavior of both soliton and wavetrain waveforms are reproduced and new regimes of performance are predicted.
Q Fever in the United States: Summary of Case Reports from Two National Surveillance Systems, 2000–2012

Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis historically associated with exposure to infected livestock. This study summarizes cases of Q fever, a notifiable disease in the United States, reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through two national surveillance systems with onset during 2000-2012. The overall incidence rate during this time was 0.38 cases per million persons per year. The reported case fatality rate was 2.0%, and the reported hospitaliza- tion rate was 62%. Most cases (61%) did not report exposure to cattle, goats, or sheep, suggesting that clinicians should consider Q fever even in the absence of livestock exposure. The prevalence of drinking raw milk among reported cases of Q fever (8.4%) was more than twice the national prevalence for the practice. Passive surveillance systems for Q fever are likely impacted by underreporting and underdiagnosis because of the nonspecific presentation of Q fever.
What’s Better—R, SAS®, SPSS®, or Stata®? Thoughts for Instructors of Statistics and Research Methods Courses

Knowledge of statistical software is an important skill for undergraduate sociology students to possess when seeking postgraduation employment; however, formal discussion of which software may be m...
Comparison of Disability and Quality of Life in Parkinsonian Syndromes (P06.067)

Objective: To compare the levels of quality of life (QoL), disability and cognitive/motor impairment among 5 parkinsonian disorders: Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS), Lewy Body Dementia (DLB), Multisystem Atrophy (MSA), Parkinson9s Disease (PD) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP). Background Parkinsonian syndromes manifest different degrees of motor symptoms, cognitive dysfunction and psychiatric co-morbidity, and variable response to antiparkinsonian drugs. These variations are likely to result in different levels of impairment, disability and QoL. Design/Methods: Patients from 5 diagnostic groups [PD(N=1202), PSP(N=39), MSA(N=32), DLB(N= 23), CBS(N=20)] were assessed for parkinsonism (Total UPDRS), cognitive impairment (MMSE), Health-related QoL (SF-12 Health Status Survey) and disability (OARS ADL scale). Groups were compared using ANOVA/ANCOVA models providing a global F-test, and post-hoc pairwise comparisons using t-tests. Results: PD patients were youngest (65.8(11)yrs) with longest disease duration (5.7(5.7)yrs; p=.001). CBS and DLB patients were oldest (72.7(6.6) and 72.5(9.3); p Conclusions: DLB and MSA were associated with the greatest severity of impairment, disability, and QoL amongst 5 parkinsonian syndromes. PD is associated with less morbidity despite longer disease duration. These results suggest that the severe impact of DLB is related to the combination of cognitive, psychiatric and motor impairments, and the severe impact of MSA is related to greater parkinsonian symptoms. This study underscores the need for effective interventions for atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Supported by: The Rosalyn Newman Foundation. Disclosure: Dr. Figari-Jordan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gruber-Baldini has nothing to disclose. Dr. Anderson has received personal compensation for activities with Boehringer Ingelheim R11 as a consultant and medical evaluator. Dr. Anderson has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for Current Treatment Options in Neurology. Dr. Reich has received (royalty or license fee or contractual rights) payments from Informa Publishers. Dr. Weiner has received personal compensation from Santhera and Rexahn. Dr. Weiner has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for Neurological Reviews and Current Treatment Options in Neurology. Dr. Weiner has recieved research support from Teva Neuroscience, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and EMD Serono. Dr. Fishman has received personal compensation for activities with Pfizer Inc, Forest Laboratories, Inc., Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceuticals, Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novartis, and Allergan, Inc., as a speaker. Dr. Fishman has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for Neura. Dr. Shulman has nothing to disclose.
An Experimental Investigation on Wing Optimization for a Four-Wing Flapper

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the flow characteristics of the flow around the flapping wings of a four-wing flapper as well as its lift and thrust coefficients. In the present study, a clap-and-fling type of four-wing flapper was designed and manufactured by using several flexible materials, such as PET film, latex and aluminized Mylar. Different cross-strut patterns and dimensions of wings were manufactured and tested for the optimization of wing designs. In addition to the lift and thrust measurements using a high sensitive force moment sensor unit, a high-resolution Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system was employed to achieve detailed flow field measurements to quantify the evolution of the unsteady vortex flow structure around wings and in the downstream of the flapper. The force measurements were analyzed in correlation with the detailed flow measurements to elucidate underlying physics in order to improve our understanding for an optimized flexible wing design and better performance for flapping-wing micro air vehicle.
Soft Tissue Reconstruction After Total Ankle Arthroplasty

Background Wound complications following total ankle replacement (TAR) may potentially lead to devastating consequences. Soft tissue coverage of the prosthesis and tendons with a flap potentially prevent a catastrophic cascade leading to infection and implant failure. The aim of this study was to investigate the success and complications of flaps following soft tissue defects as a result of total ankle arthroplasty. Methods We retrospectively identified a consecutive series of 1001 primary TARs performed between January 1998 and December 2014 whose data were prospectively collected. We then identified patients who required a secondary surgery to treat soft tissue defects that were not amenable to split-thickness skin grafting. Clinical outcomes including secondary procedures, wound healing failure, complications, and implant failure rate were recorded. Nineteen patients had a total of 44 operative procedures to treat wound issues (1.9% of all prostheses). The follow-up time from the flap procedure is 24.1 months. Results More than two-thirds (13/19) of patients had 1 or more previous surgeries on the ankle, for an average of 1.2 procedures. The mean time to the flap procedure was 13.1 weeks after the index TAR. The most common reason for flap coverage was a non-healing anterior wound. Thirteen of 19 patients (68.4%) underwent formal operative wound exploration and debridement prior to their definitive flap coverage. The average size of the wound was 5.4 × 3.8 cm with an average area of 24.9 cm(2). The most common type of flap performed was a sural pedicle flap followed by a propeller flap. There were 4 flap failures (21.1%), with 2 subsequent below-the-knee amputations. No TAR patients developed a deep infection following a flap unless they had a preexisting infection. In patients who had a successful flap, there were significant improvements in their American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot, visual analog scale (VAS), and Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment bother index, but not their Short Form-36 scores. Conclusion Ankle wounds that occur after TAR can result in a devastating outcome, but management with a coordinated effort with surgeons with microvascular experience can help achieve salvage of the prosthesis. A variety of flap reconstruction options are available and should be employed to improve the rate of implant survival and retention. Level of evidence Level IV, case series.
CRITICAL PEDAGOGY(IES) FOR ELT IN INDONESIA

This paper will explore the theoretical underpinnings that present a rationale for the use of critical pedagogy as an English Language Teaching (ELT) approach in Indonesia. A brief description of critical pedagogy is given, followed by a detailed rationale for its use including an overview of critical pedagogy studies done in Asia, an exploration of the curriculum and teaching approach decreed by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture, and calls for critical pedagogy by Indonesian scholars and teachers. This paper will conclude with some beginning steps that can be undertaken by teachers who want to implement a more critical approach to teaching.
Accuracy and repeatability of beef carcass longissimus muscle area measurements

This study was conducted to determine the accuracy and repeatability of beef carcass longissimus muscle area (LMA) measurements obtained by three different methods. Longissimus muscle area for beef carcass sides (n = 100) randomly selected in a commercial packing plant was determined: 1) independently by three USDA grading supervisor experts using the grid method to obtain triplicate measurements of the same longissimus muscle (LM); 2) by three different Colorado State University personnel tracing the LMA on acetate paper and subsequently measuring the area via a polar planimeter three different times (total of 3 x 3 = 9 observations/LM); and 3) by use of two identical video image analysis (VIA) instruments making triplicate measurements for each LM using three different procedures. Video image analysis Procedure 1 required that LMA be measured by placing the camera head unit over the LM and collecting three sequential images without moving the camera head unit while carcasses were in a stationary position; Procedure 2 required measurement of LMA by placing the camera head unit over the LM and collecting three images, but removing and repositioning the camera head unit between collection of each image while carcasses were in a stationary position; and Procedure 3 required that LMA be measured by placing the camera head unit over the LM and obtaining an image while carcasses were in continuous motion (chain speed of 360 carcasses/ h) during three different circulations past the grading stand. Overall, VIA-derived LMA measurements were highly accurate for all three procedures compared with expert-gridded (R 2 = 0.92, 0.90, and 0.84 for Procedures 1, 2, and 3, respectively) and acetate/planimeter-traced (R 2 = 0.94, 0.93, and 0.86 for Procedures 1, 2, and 3, respectively) LMA measurements. Instrument LMA repeatability also was comparable to expert-gridded and acetate/planimeter-traced LMA repeatability, as the means of the absolute differences between individual measurements and the average of those same measurements per LM were 1.29, 1.35, 0.52, 0.84, and 1.87 cm 2 for expert-gridded, acetate/planimeter-traced, and VIA Procedures 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Therefore, VIA instrumentation can be used to assess beef carcass LMA in both a stationary and operational scenario with high levels of accuracy and repeatability.
The N-end rule pathway in Xenopus egg extracts

Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of intracellular proteins underlies a multitude of biological processes, including the cell cycle, cell differentiation, and responses to stress. One ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic system is the N-end rule pathway, whose targets include proteins that bear destabilizing N-terminal residues. This pathway, which has been characterized only in somatic cells, is shown here to be present also in germ line cells such as the eggs of the amphibian Xenopus laevis. We demonstrate that the set of destabilizing residues in the N-end rule pathway of Xenopus eggs is similar, if not identical, to that of somatic cells such as mammalian reticulocytes and fibroblasts. It is also shown that the degradation of engineered N-end rule substrates in egg extracts can be strongly and selectively inhibited by dipeptides bearing destabilizing N-terminal residues. This result allowed us to ask whether selective inhibition of the N-end rule pathway in egg extracts influences the apoptosis-like changes that are observed in these extracts. A dipeptide bearing a bulky hydrophobic (type 2) destabilizing N-terminal residue was found to delay the apoptotic changes in egg extracts, whereas dipeptides bearing basic (type 1) destabilizing N-terminal residues had no effect. High activity of the N-end rule pathway in egg extracts provides an alternative to reticulocyte extracts for the in vitro analyses of this pathway.
Regulation of Food Additives with Neurotoxic Potential

One popular misconception regarding food safety is that the Food and Drug Administration demands a standard of absolute safety for food additives—in effect, the equivalent of saying there is no risk whatever from exposure to a food additive. This chapter attempts to dispel this misinterpretation of responsibility regarding food safety by discussing the interaction between the requirements of toxicological testing, interpretation of test data, and the actual food additive safety standard of “reasonable certainty of no harm.”
Applications Driven Information Systems: Beyond Networks toward Business Ecosystems

Advancements in organizational information systems and developments in business environments have brought important changes to the contemporary management practices and business models. Organizations have evolved beyond their specific and general environments towards business ecosystems. This study investigates the evolutions of organizational information systems and business environments in the contexts of business ecosystem. Based on an evolutionary study of organizational information systems and business ecosystem an ontological model is proposed for adoption of new technologies in the real world designs with particular attention to the application of technology. The authors call for further empirical and conceptual research in understanding and exploring the role of business ecosystems in organizational operations and industrial ecosystems.
Bandgap tuning induced by polymer deformation in PSCLCs with positive dielectric anisotropies(Conference Presentation)

Recently, we demonstrated large magnitude tuning (1500nm) of reflection band in polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (PSCLCs) formulated with negative dielectric anisotropy (negative ) liquid crystals with low polymer content (~5% by wt.). Evidence suggests an ionic charge (cation) trapping mechanism by the polymer network which subjects the material system to pitch expansion near the positive electrode and pitch compression near the negative electrode resulting in a nonlinear pitch variation throughout the cell thickness when under the influence of a direct current (DC) field. Thus far this effect has only observed PDLC systems with near zero and negative dielectric anisotropies. In general, the field interaction in systems with negative  stabilize the cholesteric structure as the field strength increases while those systems with positive become are dominated by higher fields becoming homeotropic. Here we explore a PSCLC system with a positive  that suppresses the Freedericksz transition to homeotropic at low field strengths allowing for a unique combination of switching and tuning of the reflection band. This kind of electro-optical control of the reflection band in PSCLCs may have potential use as optical filters, display technologies, telecommunications and tunable lasers.
Estimation of 3D Ground Reaction Force Using Nanocomposite Piezo-Responsive Foam Sensors During Walking

This paper describes a method for the estimation of the 3D ground reaction force (GRF) during human walking using novel nanocomposite piezo-responsive foam (NCPF) sensors. Nine subjects (5 male, 4 female) walked on a force-instrumented treadmill at 1.34 m/s for 120 s each while wearing a shoe that was instrumented with four NCPF sensors. GRF data, measured via the treadmill, and sensor data, measured via the NCPF inserts, were used in a tenfold cross validation process to calibrate a separate model for each individual. The calibration model estimated average anterior–posterior, mediolateral and vertical GRF with mean average errors (MAE) of 6.52 N (2.14%), 4.79 N (6.34%), and 15.4 N (2.15%), respectively. Two additional models were created using the sensor data from all subjects and subject demographics. A tenfold cross validation process for this combined data set resulted in models that estimated average anterior–posterior, mediolateral and vertical GRF with less than 8.16 N (2.41%), 6.63 N (7.37%), and 19.4 N (2.31%) errors, respectively. Intra-subject estimates based on the model had a higher accuracy than inter-subject estimates, likely due to the relatively small subject cohort used in creating the model. The novel NCPF sensors demonstrate the ability to accurately estimate 3D GRF during human movement outside of the traditional biomechanics laboratory setting.
Mirror Image Discrimination and Hand Preference in the Bushbaby (Galago senegalensis)

Eight Galago senegalensis were tested for mirror image confusion and hand preference. The mirror image test consisted of two visual discrimination tests performed in a Yerkes two-choice apparatus and presented in a counterbalanced order. In one test discriminanda were mirror image forms and in the other, nonmirror forms. Half the animals saw stimulus pairs presented sequentially and half saw them presented simultaneously. Handedness was measured by presenting the animals, who were confined in a small holding cage, with mealworm on the end of a rod. No difference was found between simultaneous and sequential groups. Mirror images proved more difficult than nonmirror images, using a one-tailed sign test (x = 1, n = 8, p =.05). Seven of the animals showed consistent preference for the left hand. There was no correlation between degree of hand preference and degree of mirror image confusion based on absolute error scores (r =.14) or error difference scores (r =.02). No support was found for the hypothesis that mirror image confusion is related to poor lateralization.
Associations Between Family Member BMI and Obesity Status of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ABSTRACT:Objective:To determine whether there is an association between parent and sibling obesity status and obesity status in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Methods:We examined predictors of obesity in children with ASD with body mass index data for the proband, 1 sibling, and 2 pare
Predictive Retransmissions for Intermittently Connected Sensor Networks with Transmission Diversity

Batteryless wireless sensor networks that rely on energy harvested from the environment often exhibit random power outages due to limitations of energy resources, which give rise to intermittent connectivity and long transmission delays. To improve the delay performance in such networks, we consider a design strategy that uses predictive retransmissions to maximize the probability of success for each transmission. This is applied to two different transmission diversity schemes: cooperative relaying over unicast routes and opportunistic routing. Performance evaluations from theoretical models and simulations are presented that show that significant gains can be achieved using the proposed approach in such networks.
The Supreme Court’s Subversion of the Constitutional Process and the Creation of Persons ex nihilo

For over 150 years the Supreme Court has answered the question “is a corporation a ‘person’ or a citizen recognized in the Constitution” in the affirmative. Amazingly, the Supreme Court has answered this question affirmatively many times without ever having conducted a critical linguistic analysis and exegesis of the meaning of “person” in the Constitution as a whole. The Supreme Court has answered this question in the affirmative by disregarding, twisting, and distorting the basic rules of English grammar and syntax and that the Court has consistently ignored its own canons of constitutional construction and interpretation. In this article I demonstrate that the Court’s ruling that corporations are persons and citizens subverted the most fundamental constitutional process — that of amending the Constitution. This is the working paper version. The official version can be obtained from journal's website.
Biomechanical consequences of running with deep core muscle weakness.

Abstract The deep core muscles are often neglected or improperly trained in athletes. Improper function of this musculature may lead to abnormal spinal loading, muscle strain, or injury to spinal structures, all of which have been associated with increased low back pain (LBP) risk. The purpose of this study was to identify potential strategies used to compensate for weakness of the deep core musculature during running and to identify accompanying changes in compressive and shear spinal loads. Kinematically-driven simulations of overground running were created for eight healthy young adults in OpenSim at increasing levels of deep core muscle weakness. The deep core muscles (multifidus, quadratus lumborum, psoas, and deep fascicles of the erector spinae) were weakened individually and together. The superficial longissimus thoracis was a significant compensator for 4 out of 5 weakness conditions (p
Still life with rhetoric: A new materialist approach for visual rhetorics. L. E. Gries. Boulder, CO: University Press of Colorado, 2015, 324 pages, including index. US$27.95 (paperback).

The dispute for authority between the seemingly disparate disciplinary camps of theory and practice is a longstanding and well-documented tension within the field of technical communication (Miller...
Endovascular Devices for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

The field of vascular surgery entered an era of change with the introduction of stent graft for the repair of the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The first reported case by Dr. Parodi in 1991 sparked an interest in minimal invasive, catheter-driven therapeutic intervention of high-risk patients [1, 2]. The early grafts were physician-made devices employing available stents and vascular graft material. These prototypes were aortic–aortic tube grafts made to treat aneurysms with proximal and distal aortic fixation. The technology limited the number of qualified aortic anatomies suitable for these devices. Nevertheless, these first-generation devices only proved effective in short-term treatment of aneurysms as there was up to a 12% delayed aneurysm rupture within 72 months [3]. This eventually led to the formation of bifurcated devices and modular systems with iliac sealing zones, thus expanding the number of patients that could be treated. Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) did not reach center stage until 1999 when the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval for two industry-made devices for clinical use (AneuRx and Ancure). These second-generation endografts were designed to improve fixation and sealing leading to the improved outcome of EVAR.
Stem Cell–Derived Culture Models of Hepatitis E Virus Infection

Similar to other hepatotropic viruses, hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been notoriously difficult to propagate in cell culture, limiting studies to unravel its biology. Recently, major advances have been made by passaging primary HEV isolates and selecting variants that replicate efficiently in carcinoma cells. These adaptations, however, can alter HEV biology. We have explored human embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cell (hESC/iPSC)-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) as an alternative to conventional hepatoma and hepatocyte cell culture systems for HEV studies. HLCs are permissive for nonadapted HEV isolate genotypes (gt)1-4 replication and can be readily genetically manipulated. HLCs, therefore, enable studies of pan-genotype HEV biology and will serve as a platform for testing anti-HEV treatments. Finally, we discuss how hepatocyte polarity is likely an important factor in the maturation and spread of infectious HEV particles.
Social Contexts for Career Guidance Throughout the World. Developmental-Contextual Perspectives on Career Across the Lifespan

Since its introduction, the meta-theoretical framework of developmental contextualism (Vondracek, Lerner, & Schulenberg, 1986) has served as a stimulus to researchers and practitioners in career development who care about understanding the developing person in a multitude of ever-changing contexts. At this point it has become widely accepted in the study of career development that behaviour is the result of interactions between person and contexts (Chartrand, Strong, & Weitzman, 1995; Shanahan & Porfeli, 2002). Shanahan and Porfeli (2002, p. 404) pointed out, however, that “the premise that vocational development reflects both person and context is so established that much of the time it is in fact not empirically studied.” The integration of both human development and context in career interventions has proved to be no less difficult than it is in the research enterprise. Nevertheless, progress has been made in theory development, empirical investigations, and the applications of these advances in career development intervention strategies.
Methods of Extraction, Purification and Reprecipitation

This is the scheduled workshop on methodological problems in the analysis of invertebrate and lower vertebrate collagens. As a workshop it is supposed to be a dialogue, not a monologue.
The role of the androgen receptor polyglutamine tract in prostate cancer: In mice and men

The androgen receptor (AR) is critical in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer, and therefore may contribute to disease through its genetic variation. Particular scrutiny has focused on a polymorphic N-terminal glutamine (Q) tract (CAG repeat) that shows population heterogeneity. Abnormal expansion of this tract underlies late-onset neurodegeneration, and in vitro the length correlates inversely with transcriptional activity. Yet the question of whether length variation within the range of normal human alleles affects cancer has produced discordant epidemiological results, in part due to interacting genetic and environmental factors in human disease. To test Q tract length effects, the mouse AR gene was converted to the human sequence (h/mAr), creating alleles with 12, 21, or 48 CAG repeats. These mice were grossly normal, but molecular analysis revealed allele-dependent differences in target gene expression. Further, when crossed with mice transgenic for a prostate-directed oncogene (TRAMP), Q tract length-dependent differences in cancer initiation and progression were evident. TRAMP mice with short Q tract ARs exhibited earlier but more slowly progressing disease than mice with median or long Q tract ARs. Q tract length also affected disease progression after castration, but in directions opposite to those in intact mice – the AR12Q allele delayed tumor detection whereas mice with the AR48Q allele fared worse. These experiments provided evidence for a causal relationship between a human polymorphism and a cancer phenotype. In man, Q tract length effects may only be significant at extremes of variation within the normal range and may vary with stage of disease. The h/mAR mice provide an experimental paradigm in which to dissect mechanisms by which Q tract length affects development and progression of prostate cancer. Some of these mechanisms may lead to better predictors of response to therapy and new treatments targeted to the human AR.
Dynein Motor Mechanisms

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the motor mechanisms of dynein proteins. The dynein motor domain comprises a concatenated assembly of six non-identical AAA modules that are arranged to form a ring-shaped core. The modules are named AAA1 to AAA6 respectively. The motor ring is interrupted between AAA4 and AAA5 by the microtubule-binding domain (MTBD). This study begins by describing the molecular modeling and simulation efforts, which are required for the understanding of the structural dynamics of the motor ring movements. It also analyzes the pathway from catalysis in AAA1 to conformation changes that affect microtubule affinity. Following this, it explores how nucleotide occupancy in AAA2, AAA3, and AAA4 affects this communication and reveals whether or how motor activity is regulated by globally altering ring structure. Under this, it suggests that the interactions between adjacent AAA domains are important in generating the proper nucleotide binding geometry and therefore indicates that the AAA domains are conformationally linked to one another. Finally, it states that although preliminary attempts at modeling have been made, greater structural detail of the motor domain is required to fully understand how the AAA modules interact with each other and direct motor activity. Over the past decade and a half, the inner workings of the dynein engine have been explored via a number of skilled mechanics. However, a complete understanding of dynein mechanics is yet to be fully explored.
Assessing the utility and benefit of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in adjuvant therapy for stage III colon cancer.

e15136Background: The role of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) agents for patients undergoing oxaliplatin-based adjuvant therapy for stage III colon cancer has not been assessed. We so...
Double jeopardy effect of perceived discrimination and lack of parental support on depression among adolescents of immigrant parents

This study examined the double jeopardy effect of perceived discrimination and lack of parental support on depression among adolescents of immigrant parents in the United States. Two complementary ...
PREDICTORS OF LONG TERM (>10 YEAR) SURVIVAL AFTER CRT PLACEMENT

CRT is indicated in patients with medically refractory heart failure and wide QRS duration. While much is known about predictors of LV remodeling after CRT implantation and short-term mortality, limited data exists on long-term outcomes after CRT placement. We retrospectively reviewed all patients
Alcohol use and problems as a potential mediator of the relationship between emotion dysregulation and intimate partner violence perpetration.

Objective Alcohol use/problems and emotion dysregulation are associated with increased intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. Additionally, alcohol use is an overt coping mechanism for dysregulated emotion. While past research has examined alcohol use/problems as a mediator between emotion dysregulation and IPV, research is limited within clinical samples. The current study sought to fill this gap by examining a theoretical model by which emotion dysregulation and alcohol use/problems influence IPV perpetration in a sample of men arrested for domestic violence. Consistent with prior research, it was hypothesized that alcohol use/problems would mediate the relationship between emotion dysregulation and psychological aggression. Additionally, we hypothesized that emotion dysregulation would positively associate with increased alcohol use/problems, which would relate to increased physical assault perpetration through psychological aggression perpetration. Method Using a cross-sectional sample of 391 men arrested for domestic violence and court-referred to Batterer Intervention Programs (BIP), the present study used structural equation modeling to examine proposed pathways from emotion dysregulation to IPV perpetration directly and indirectly through alcohol use/problems. Results Alcohol use/problems explained the relation between emotion dysregulation and psychological aggression perpetration. In addition, emotion dysregulation related to psychological aggression which explained the relation between alcohol use/problems and physical assault perpetration. Conclusions These findings underline the importance of assessing and addressing emotion dysregulation and alcohol use/problems as risk factors for IPV in existing BIP as well as within theoretical models.
The Glass Is Already Broken: A Meditation on Impermanence.

In my first conversation with Dennis, he shares his story with me. He describes how he had gotten his diagnosis of Stage IV lung cancer and was given a prognosis of two months. This was five years ...
Double Counting Accounting: How Much Profit of Multinational Enterprises Is Really in Tax Havens?

Putting an end to the base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) activity of multinational enterprises (MNEs) is high on national agendas. Influential work in academic and policy circles suggests that the magnitude of BEPS problem is large. We show that these magnitudes are overstated due to researchers’ misunderstanding of the accounting treatment of indirectly-owned foreign affiliates in the U.S. international economic accounts data. Our work has far-reaching implications as all country-level MNE data must apply some accounting convention that can make international comparisons difficult. We explain how this accounting treatment leads to double counting of foreign income and to its misattribution to incorrect jurisdictions. We demonstrate a simple correction, and show that the correction significantly reduces the magnitude of the BEPS estimates. For instance, our correction reduces an estimate of the U.S. fiscal effects of BEPS from 30-45% to 4-8% of corporate tax revenues lost to BEPS activity of MNEs (Clausing 2016).
Addressing Sensing Statistics through Oscillator-Based Sensing Arrays

This work highlights the development of an array of oscillator-based sensors suitable for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) was leveraged to monitor the oscillation frequency of 16 sensing elements in parallel. It was shown that three functional chemistries can be deposited via inkjet printing and subsequently used to identify various analytes of interest. This response is valuable for identifying sample air makeup using techniques such as principle component analysis. Additionally, this system utilized an array of sufficient scale to incorporate several functional chemistries with intentional redundancies. Ultimately, this work demonstrates a low-cost oscillator-based sensing array capable of simultaneously monitoring chemical processes with single second resolution using 16 independent channels.
Oxidation of porous stainless steel supports for metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells

Abstract Oxidation behavior of porous P434L ferritic stainless steel, used for the fabrication of metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFC), is studied under anodic and cathodic atmospheres. Temperature- and atmosphere-dependence is determined for as-sintered and pre-oxidized stainless steel. Pre-oxidation reduced the long-term oxidation rate. For pre-oxidized samples, the oxidation rate in air exceeds that in humid hydrogen for temperatures above 700 °C. The influence of PrOx, LSCF-SDC, and Ni-SDC coatings is also examined. The coatings do not dramatically impact oxide scale growth. Oxidation in C-free and C-containing anodic atmospheres is similar. Addition of CO2, CH4, and CO to humidified hydrogen to simulate ethanol reformate does not significantly impact oxidation behavior. Cr transpiration in humid air is greatly reduced by the PrOx coating, and a PrCrO3 reaction product is observed throughout the porous structure. A dense and protective chromia-based scale forms on steel samples during oxidation in all conditions. A thin silica enriched oxide layer also forms at the metal-scale interface. In general, the oxidation behavior at 700 °C is found to be acceptable.
Solid-phase peptide synthesis.

It is a privilege to be able to contribute to this volume in which Professor Zervas’ friends, students, and colleagues have joined together to honor him and his remarkable contributions to peptide chemistry. Although I did not know him until after his days in the Bergmann Laboratory at the Rockefeller Institute, I can claim the distinction of now working in those very same rooms that they occupied back in the mid-1930s. Like all peptide chemists, I am greatly indebted to Professor Zervas, having depended so heavily on the carbobenzoxy group and on the various modified urethan protecting groups which have been direct extensions of the revolutionary advance that Bergmann and Zervas made.
Loxoro, de Claudia Llosa : crear una frontera propia con el lenguaje

En Loxoro (2012), Claudia Llosa explora el concepto de frontera en un nivel linguistico, temporal y material, al llevar la narracion a un territorio no demarcado fisicamente, donde habitan las mujeres transexuales de Lima. Si es cierto que la frontera, ademas de ser un espacio que divide dos lugares, tambien es una herramienta de epistemologias hegemonicas que distinguen cualquier elemento definitorio de la identidad -el genero, la lengua, entre otros-. Loxoro representa un cruce entre multiples fronteras, donde la mas dificil de atravesar es la del propio cuerpo. Sus protagonistas, mujeres transexuales, tienen una circulacion restringida, ya que pueden ir y estar seguras solo en ciertos barrios y en ciertas horas. Existe un codigo no escrito en relacion con las fronteras urbanas que las transexuales conocen bien, como cuerpos que, de acuerdo con Marjorie Garber (1997), producen ansiedad porque cuestionan la artificialidad binaria con la que se ordena el mundo. Asi, se propone que Loxoro oscila entre dos niveles. En uno, muestra la violencia, la discriminacion y los conflictos de un conjunto de mujeres transexuales en Lima mientras circulan por la ciudad; en el otro, empuja el espectador hacia un elevado nivel de reflexion sobre como funcionan el lenguaje y sus categorias: como solemos pensar y encasillar la realidad.
Common carotid macrothrombosis causing acute ischaemic stroke in a patient with COVID-19.

A 50-year-old woman with a medical history significant only for well-controlled hypertension and recent SARS-CoV-2-positive test presented as a stroke alert for aphasia and right hemiparesis with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 20. She was out of the window for thrombolytic
Flexural and shear performance of CLT panels made from salvaged beetle-killed white spruce

Abstract This study aims to investigate the feasibility of CLT panels fabricated from salvaged dead standing trees after the beetle outbreak by evaluating the flexural and shear properties through mechanical tests and computational analysis. White spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) lumber salvaged from the dead and dying trees resulting from recent spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) activity were used to fabricate Cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels of three categories in terms of tree conditions: Category I─ live; Category II─ recently dead; and Category III─ dead for some time. A total of 17 three-layer CLT panels measuring 107 × 610 × 2438 mm were fabricated, 5 for Category I, 5 for Category II, and 7 for Category III. The CLT panels were tested with the third-point and mid-point bending tests following ASTM D198 for major-axis flexural and shear properties. The results indicated that the deterioration of dead, dying standing trees resulting from the budworm activity reduced the average bending strength and shear modulus of the CLT panels. The bending stiffness of the panels was not significantly affected. The CLT panels made from salvaged spruce lumber provided adequate flexural performance per current standard PRG 320–2019. The finite element model built with orthogonal constitutive law and progressive damage criteria simulated the flexural behaviors of the tested CLT panels. The model input modulus and strength were calibrated based on the tested MOE of laminations. The simulation results compared favorably with test data and provided reasonable estimates. The results of this study suggest that CLT panels fabricated from salvaged beetle-killed spruce satisfied the baseline performance requirement of the PRG 320 standard.
Pilot Study of Unlocking Understanding Professional Development to Support Grade 3 Reading Comprehension

AbstractThis study piloted a reading comprehension instruction professional development intervention for teachers of upper elementary grade students (Unlocking Understanding), exploring the relativ...
The Monetary Cost of a Child

Recently there has been a revival of interest in quantitative estimates of the financial costs of rearing a child. This revival has been motivated by a number of factors including the needs of welfare agencies to determine child support requirements, divorce courts to adjudicate settlements, and insurance companies and social security administrations to pay survivor’s benefits. Economists have focussed on childrearing expenditures as elements in the process by which one generation transfers human and nonhuman capital to another (Nerlove, 1974), and economists and demographers have begun to assess the role that expenditures on children might play in the determination of fertility differentials and trends (Espenshade, 1972; Easterlin, 1975; Turchi, 1975). However, in spite of the availability of data appropriate for the construction of these estimates, recent attempts to measure the cost of a child have not overcome a variety of methodological problems that have served to cast doubt upon the reliability of the estimates developed.