cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS IN A GROUP OF METAL-ON-METAL TOTAL HIP BEARING FAILURES

INTRODUCTION Since the recall of some metal on metal (MoM) THR bearings, surgeons have seen patients with pain, elevated Co and Cr levels and adverse local tissue reactions (ALTR). While many variables may contribute to THR MoM failures, many times these variables are not present in patients who present with symptoms. We investigate the possible genetic predilection of a group of patients who were revised after MoM THR surgery for pain, high Co/Cr levels and ALTR. METHODS IRB approval was obtained prior to our study. We have analyzed 19 control (asymptomatic MoM THR patients > 6 years after surgery) and 19 disease (revised MoM THR for high metal ions and ALTR). The 38 sample intensity files were subject to sample Quality Control (QC) using Contrast QC (< 0.4) with an Affymetrix Genotyping Console. The resulting 38 sample files with genotype calls were loaded and further analyzed using the Association Workflow in Partek Genomics Suite 6.6 (Partek, Missouri). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test was performed on the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) level. The difference between the observed and expected frequencies of each allele at each locus were tested by Fisher's exact test and χ2 test. To get the working SNP list, two filters were used: (1) a SNP no-call rate should be less than 5%, and (2) minor allele frequency of a SNP should be greater than 5%. After filtering, association analysis of the SNPS with disease was done using Chi2 Test. In this study, χ2 statistic was used to assess the difference in allele frequencies between the control and disease samples. The value of χ2 statistic, degrees of freedom, and the associated p-value for each SNP were calculated. Dot Plot was used to visualize the genotypes of all samples. To measure the non-random association of alleles at different loci, Linkage Disequilibrium analysis was performed using the neighborhood size of 20 and statistic r2. The resulting correlations show the value of r2 for SNPs. The r2 = 1 means that two SNPs are tightly associated. RESULTS We found that several SNPs are linked to the revision disease group that showed evidence of metal sensitivity. Among them, a strong association in the disease group was found in a SNP called MS1. In the disease group 17/19 patients were either heterozygous or recessive homozygous for MS1, with 17/19 asymptomatic patients were of the homozygous dominant MS1 isoform. Based on the Linkage Disequilibrum analysis results, several other SNPs were also fund to be strongly correlated with the disease group (Fig 1). The controls had an average Co level of 2.4 and Cr level of 1.3 while the disease group 18 and 10.4 respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study found a strong genetic relationship in a gene we designate as MS1 where the homozygous recessive and heterozygous isoform genotypes were found in the disease group of revised MoM THRs. A strong correlation of several SNPs was also found. This may be a good predictor of failures and an avenue for personalized choice of implants in the future. For figures/tables, please contact authors directly.
Forking, Fragmentation, and Splintering

Although economic theory suggests that markets may “tip” toward a dominant platform or standard, there are many prominent examples of persistent incompatibility, interplatform competition, and stan...
Direct Acoustics-to-Word Models for English Conversational Speech Recognition

Recent work on end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) has shown that the connectionist temporal classification (CTC) loss can be used to convert acoustics to phone or character sequences. Such systems are used with a dictionary and separately-trained Language Model (LM) to produce word sequences. However, they are not truly end-to-end in the sense of mapping acoustics directly to words without an intermediate phone representation. In this paper, we present the first results employing direct acoustics-to-word CTC models on two well-known public benchmark tasks: Switchboard and CallHome. These models do not require an LM or even a decoder at run-time and hence recognize speech with minimal complexity. However, due to the large number of word output units, CTC word models require orders of magnitude more data to train reliably compared to traditional systems. We present some techniques to mitigate this issue. Our CTC word model achieves a word error rate of 13.0%/18.8% on the Hub5-2000 Switchboard/CallHome test sets without any LM or decoder compared with 9.6%/16.0% for phone-based CTC with a 4-gram LM. We also present rescoring results on CTC word model lattices to quantify the performance benefits of a LM, and contrast the performance of word and phone CTC models.
A Reduced-order NLTE Kinetic Model for Radiating Plasmas of Outer Envelopes of Stellar Atmospheres

The present work proposes a self-consistent reduced-order NLTE kinetic model for radiating plasmas such as are found in the outer layers of stellar atmospheres. Starting from the most up-to-date set of ab-initio and experimental data, the highly complex collisional-radiative kinetic mechanism is simplified by lumping the bound energy states in groups. Different grouping strategies are investigated, such as uniform and Maxwell-Boltzmann. The reduced set of governing equations for the material gas and the radiation field is obtained based on a moment method. Applications consider the steady flow across a shock wave in partially ionized hydrogen. The results show that adopting a Maxwell-Boltzmann grouping allows, on the one hand, for a substantial reduction of the number of unknowns and, on the other, to maintain accuracy for both gas and radiation quantities. It is observed that, when neglecting line radiation, the use of two groups already leads to a very accurate resolution of the photo-ionization precursor, internal relaxation and radiative cooling regions. The inclusion of line radiation requires adopting just one additional group to account for optically thin losses in the alpha, beta and gamma lines of the Balmer and Paschen series. This trend has been observed for a wide range of shock wave velocities.
Fluctuation X-ray Microscopy for Measuring Medium-Range Order

Many x-ray techniques exist to probe long- and short-range order in matter, in real space by imaging and in reciprocal space by diffraction and scattering. However, measuring medium-range order (MRO) in disordered materials is a long-standing problem. Based on fluctuation electron microscopy, which was applied successfully to the understanding of MRO in amorphous materials, we have developed fluctuation x-ray microscopy (FXM). This novel approach offers quantitative insight into medium-range correlations in materials at nanometer and larger length scales. It examines spatially resolved fluctuations in the intensity of a series of x-ray speckle patterns. The speckle variance depends on higher order correlations that are more sensitive to MRO. Systematically measuring the speckle variance as function of the momentum transfer and x-ray illumination size produces a fluctuation map that contains information about the degree of MRO and the correlation length. This approach can be used for the exploration of MRO and subtle spatial structural changes in a wide range of disordered materials from soft condensed matter to nanowire arrays, semiconductor quantum dot arrays and magnetic materials. It will also help us to understand the mechanisms of order-disorder transitions and may lead to control of ordering, which is important in developing ordered structuresmore » tailored for particular applications. A theory for FXM and preliminary experimental results from polystyrene latex spheres are discussed in this paper.« less
Human adipose stromal cell therapy improves survival and reduces renal inflammation and capillary rarefaction in acute kidney injury

Damage to endothelial cells contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI) by causing impaired perfusion, while the permanent loss of the capillary network following AKI has been suggested to promote chronic kidney disease. Therefore, strategies to protect renal vasculature may impact both short-term recovery and long-term functional preservation post-AKI. Human adipose stromal cells (hASCs) possess pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties and therefore have been tested as a therapeutic agent to treat ischaemic conditions. This study evaluated hASC potential to facilitate recovery from AKI with specific attention to capillary preservation and inflammation. Male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to bilateral ischaemia/reperfusion and allowed to recover for either two or seven days. At the time of reperfusion, hASCs or vehicle was injected into the suprarenal abdominal aorta. hASC-treated rats had significantly greater survival compared to vehicle-treated rats (88.7% versus 69.3%). hASC treatment showed hastened recovery as demonstrated by lower creatinine levels at 48 hrs, while tubular damage was significantly reduced at 48 hrs. hASC treatment resulted in a significant decrease in total T cell and Th17 cell infiltration into injured kidneys at 2 days post-AKI, but an increase in accumulation of regulatory T cells. By day 7, hASC-treated rats showed significantly attenuated capillary rarefaction in the cortex (15% versus 5%) and outer medulla (36% versus 18%) compared to vehicle-treated rats as well as reduced accumulation of interstitial alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts. These results suggest for the first time that hASCs improve recovery from I/R-induced injury by mechanisms that contribute to decrease in inflammation and preservation of peritubular capillaries.
Combinatorial Auctions Do Need Modest Interaction

We study the necessity of interaction for obtaining efficient allocations in combinatorial auctions with subadditive bidders. This problem was originally introduced by Dobzinski, Nisan, and Oren (STOC’14) as the following simple market scenario: m items are to be allocated among n bidders in a distributed setting where bidders valuations are private and hence communication is needed to obtain an efficient allocation. The communication happens in rounds: In each round, each bidder, simultaneously with others, broadcasts a message to all parties involved. At the end, the central planner computes an allocation solely based on the communicated messages. Dobzinski et al. showed that (at least some) interaction is necessary for obtaining even an approximately efficient allocation: No non-interactive (1-round) protocol with polynomial communication (in the number of items and bidders) can achieve approximation ratio better than Ω(m1/4), while for any r ≥ 1, there exists r-round protocols that achieve O(r · m1/(r+1)) approximation with polynomial communication. This in particular implies that O(log m) rounds of interaction suffice to obtain an approximately efficient allocation—namely, a polylog(m)-approximation. A natural question at this point is to identify the "right" level of interaction (i.e., number of rounds) necessary to obtain approximately efficient allocations. In this article, we resolve this question by providing an almost tight round-approximation tradeoff for this problem: We show that for any r ≥ 1, any r-round protocol that uses poly(m, n) bits of communication can only approximate the social welfare up to a factor of Ω(1/r · m1/(2r+1)). This in particular implies that Ω(log m/log log m) rounds of interaction are necessary for obtaining any allocation with a reasonable welfare approximation—namely, a constant or even a polylog(m)-approximation. Our work builds on the multi-party round-elimination technique of Alon, Nisan, Raz, and Weinstein (FOCS’15)—used to prove similar-in-spirit lower bounds for round-approximation tradeoff in unit-demand markets—and settles an open question posed initially by Dobzinski et al. (STOC’14) and subsequently by Alon et al. (FOCS’15).
Sensitivity Based Thevenin Index With Systematic Inclusion of Reactive Power Limits

This paper presents proof for the relation between the Local Thevenin Index (LTI), measured at a Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU), that is used as an indicator of voltage stability, and the system operating condition. The derivation establishes that there is a direct connection between the sensitivity and the LTI and provides a mathematically rigorous justification to use LTI as a static long-term voltage stability indicator of the entire system. A Sensitivity based Thevenin Index, calculated using wide area measurements, is proposed and it can be used at the control center to authenticate the LTI being received from PMUs, to safeguard against malicious and spurious data. The association between the sensitivity and the LTI can also be used to predict the effect of various what-if scenarios on the LTI. As a demonstration, the impact of generator limits on the LTI is predicted, enabling the operator to anticipate the abrupt change in LTI before the limits are reached. Results are described in detail for a 5-bus system, and verified on larger systems up to 300 buses, establishing the connection between the LTI and the sensitivities, and validating the prediction of impact of the generator reactive limits on the LTI.
Elementary Reactions of Nitrogen and Oxygen with Boron and Carbon at High Pressures and Temperatures

The direct elementary reactions among the first and second row elements often yield novel super hard, high energy density, and wide band-gap optical materials. The reactions of oxygen and nitrogen with boron and carbon have been investigated at high pressures and temperatures by using an integrated technique of diamond-anvil cell, laser-heating, x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy. A wide range of products has been synthesized and characterized in-situ at high pressures, including {alpha}-CO{sub 2}, B{sub 2}0{sub 3}-I,B{sub 2}0{sub 3}-II, c-BN, h-BN, h{sup `}-B, amorphous carbon nitrides. The elementary reactions occur exothermically and result in highly polycrystallized products with an exception in carbon-nitrogen reactions. The implication of the elementary reactions to energetic materials applications is discussed.
Thermal bistability through coupled photonic resonances

We present a scheme for achieving thermal bistability based on the selective coupling of three optical resonances. This approach requires one of the resonant frequencies to be temperature dependent, which can occur in materials exhibiting strong thermo-optic effects. For illustration, we explore thermal bistability in two different passive systems, involving either a periodic array of Si ring resonators or parallel GaAs thin films separated by vacuum and exchanging heat in the near field. Such a scheme could prove to be useful for thermal devices operating with transition times on the order of hundreds of milliseconds.
Repeated Inverse Reinforcement Learning

We introduce a novel repeated Inverse Reinforcement Learning problem: the agent has to act on behalf of a human in a sequence of tasks and wishes to minimize the number of tasks that it surprises the human by acting suboptimally with respect to how the human would have acted. Each time the human is surprised, the agent is provided a demonstration of the desired behavior by the human. We formalize this problem, including how the sequence of tasks is chosen, in a few different ways and provide some foundational results.
Detection and characterization of pulses in broadband seismometers

Abstract Pulsing—caused either by mechanical or electrical glitches, or by microtilt local to a seismometer—can significantly compromise the long‐period noise performance of broadband seismometers. High‐fidelity long‐period recordings are needed for accurate calculation of quantities such as moment tensors, fault‐slip models, and normal‐mode measurements. Such pulses have long been recognized in accelerometers, and methods have been developed to correct these acceleration steps, but considerable work remains to be done in order to detect and correct similar pulses in broadband seismic data. We present a method for detecting and characterizing the pulses using data from a range of broadband sensor types installed in the Global Seismographic Network. The technique relies on accurate instrument response removal and employs a moving‐window approach looking for acceleration baseline shifts. We find that pulses are present at varying levels in all sensor types studied. Pulse‐detection results compared with average daily station noise values are consistent with predicted noise levels of acceleration steps. This indicates that we can calculate maximum pulse amplitude allowed per time window that would be acceptable without compromising long‐period data analysis.
Postulated Cancer Prevention Diets: A Guide to Food Selections

The sufficient circumstantial and epidemiologic data that link diets and nutrients to cancer warrant modification of eating habits. The proposed menus and diets included in this article represent the types of foods that might be beneficial in redUcing the risk factors of cancer. They are also consistent with good nutritional habits.
Evaluation of Prostatic Cancer Histology and Grade Distribution: Experience With the Colorado Central Cancer Registry

Although well-defined grading schemes for prostatic adenocarcinoma have been developed, they are not yet universally accepted by practicing surgical pathologists. The complexity of these schemes often leads surgical pathologists to develop their own modified Broders scheme. This study compared the grade distribution as obtained by a community of surgical pathologists with that obtained using the National Prostatic Cancer Project (NPCP) and Gleason grading schemes. In 1978, 308 cases of prostate cancer were reported to the Colorado Central Cancer Registry (CCCR) from the Denver Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Two hundred eighteen of these cases were regraded. The grade distribution as reported by the CCCR revealed a predominance of low-grade tumors (grade I-41%, grade II-28%, grade III-17%, grade IV-3%). Regrading of these same cases revealed a shift to higher grades (NPCP: grade I-14%, grade II-11%, grade III-37%, grade IV-29%; Gleason: pattern scores less than 6-30%, score 6-24%, score 7-12%, score 8-11%, score 9-10%, score 10-4%). Twenty-one cases of histologic variants which were not originally diagnosed were also noted (six mucinous, 12 ductal, two endometroioid, one squamous). There were 18 cases in which no evidence of carcinoma was confirmed. These results suggest that there is a tendency to underestimate grade and potentially malignant behavior when well-defined prostatic cancer grading schemes are not applied.
Stable Versus Partial Response in Advanced Prostate Cancer

Stable response to therapy in patients with advanced prostate cancer, as experienced in clinical trials of the National Prostatic Cancer Project (NPCP), has been reexamined. Data from ten complete trials totaling over 1,300 patients have been examined for survival patterns within categories of response to therapy. Survival patterns, both for all patients and for those alive at 12 weeks, were significantly poorer for patients categorized as progressors after 12 weeks on treatment than for those categorized as stable or as partial regressions. Furthermore, comparisons of survival patterns for those patients categorized as stable or partial regression revealed no statistically significant differences between them. The similarity of survival for the stable and partial regression categories indicates that the stable category represents more than a segment of the population with slowly progressing disease and can be taken as an indicator of response to therapy.
Economic and Institutional Determinants of FDI in the Chilean Case: An Empirical Analysis, 1960-2014

This paper examines some of the major economic and institutional factors underlying the surge in foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to Chile during the more recent 1990-2014 period. It reports econometric results which suggest that standard economic variables and major changes in the institutional-legal status of foreign capital are, in large measure, responsible for the rapid increase in net FDI inflows to leading sectors of the Chilean economy. Cointegration analysis and error-correction modeling suggest that market size, the real exchange rate, the debt-service ratio, education, physical infrastructure, and the Fraser Institute’s economic freedom index are economically significant in explaining the variation in net FDI inflows to the country. Dummy variables, designed to capture qualitative factors such as the impact of economic crises and institutional reforms, are also included and they have their anticipated signs and are statistically significant. The paper also addresses the long-term negative effects of rapidly growing profit and dividend remittances on the financing of capital formation and the Chilean balance of payments in recent years.
Experienced Practitioners’ Beliefs Utilized to Create a Successful Massage Therapist Conceptual Model: a Qualitative Investigation

Background: The massage therapy profession in the United States has grown exponentially, with 35% of the profession’s practitioners in practice for three years or less. Investigating personal and social factors with regard to the massage therapy profession could help to identify constructs needed to be successful in the field. Purpose: This data-gathering exercise explores massage therapists’ perceptions on what makes a successful massage therapist that will provide guidance for future research. Success is defined as supporting oneself and practice solely through massage therapy and related, revenue-generating field activity. Participants and Setting: Ten successful massage therapy practitioners from around the United States who have a minimum of five years of experience. Research Design: Semistructured qualitative interviews were used in an analytic induction framework; index cards with preidentified concepts printed on them were utilized to enhance conversation. An iterative process of interview coding and analysis was used to determine themes and subthemes. Results: Based on the participants input, the categories in which therapists needed to be successful were organized into four main themes: effectively establish therapeutic relationships, develop massage therapy business acumen, seek valuable learning environments and opportunities, and cultivate strong social ties and networks. The four themes operate within specific contexts (e.g., regulation and licensing requirements in the therapists’ state), which may also influence the success of the massage therapist. Conclusions: The model needs to be tested to explore which constructs explain variability in success and attrition rate. Limitations and future research implications are discussed.
Intraoperative Diagnostic Pneumoperitoneum in Pediatric Patients With Unilateral Inguinal Hernias: The Goldstein Test

Over a four-year period 256 infants and children presenting with unilateral inguinal hernias underwent intraoperative diagnostic pneumoperitoneum to evaluate the contralateral groin. Sixty one patients had positive results and underwent contralateral hernia repair. Of the 195 negative tests 3 presented later with either a hernia, communicating hydrocele or cord hydrocele (false negative rate of 1.5%). This test represents a safe, economical, rapid, and accurate means to evaluate the contralateral groin in the pediatric patient presenting with a unilateral inguinal hernia.
Continuous High Temperature Lubrication of Ceramics by Carbon Generated Catalytically

A system for the continuous lubrication of ceramic surfaces at high temperatures by a carbon formed exclusively at the wear surfaces is described. Thelubricant is delivered as a simple gas, ethylene, which is catalytically transformed. No reaction products are left which contain bearing surface material and the only non-volatile product is lubricating carbon. One of the wearing surfaces must contain or have an overlay of nickel (about 1000 A thick in this work) and, preferably, a coating of nickel oxide on top to reducenickel wear during startup. Since the carbon is formed only on nickel and the oxide is worn only in the weartrack, only the wear track is lubricated. The laboratory system consisted of a sapphire pin on a nickel-coated rotating alumina disc. Ethylene was delivered only to the conjunction region, which was surrounded by air. Contact pressures were about 200 MPa, linear speeds between 3 and 9cm/sec. Friction coefficients dropped from 0.6 to 0.06 when ethylene was delivered to the contact at 500°C. Wear rateswere not measureable under operating conditions. Cases other than ethylene and catalysts other than nickel will be explored in further work.
Universal Binding Energy Relations in Metallic Adhesion

Rose, Smith, and Ferrante have discovered scaling relations which map the adhesive binding energy calculated by Ferrante and Smith onto a single universal binding energy curve. These binding energies are calculated for all combinations of Al(111), Zn(0001), Mg(0001), and Na(110) in contact. The scaling involves normalizing the energy by the maximum binding energy and normalizing distances by a suitable combination of Thomas-Fermi screening lengths. Rose et al. have also found that the calculated cohesive energies of K, Ba, Cu, Mo, and Sm scale by similar simple relations, suggesting the universal relation may be more general than for the simple free electron metals for which it was derived. In addition, the scaling length was defined more generally in order to relate it to measurable physical properties. Further this universality can be extended to chemisorption. A simple and yet quite accurate prediction of a zero temperature equation of state (volume as a function of pressure for metals and alloys) is presented. Thermal expansion coefficients and melting temperatures are predicted by simple, analytic expressions, and results compare favorably with experiment for a broad range of metals.
CUP RETENTION WITH A CEMENTED CONSTRAINED LINER

There are several clinical scenarios to consider cementing an acetabular liner into a secure cementless shell including cases of: 1) inadequate capturing mechanism, 2) damaged locking mechanisms, 3) unavailability of the mating polyethylene liner, 4) instability following debridement for wear, 5) instability at the time of femoral side revision, and 6) recurrent dislocation. The last two situations are common scenarios for cementing a constrained liner into a secure shell. Technique includes: 1) scoring the shell in cases with no screw holes or polished inner shells, 2) scoring the acetabular liner in a “spider web” pattern, 3) pressurizing cement into the shell, and 4) inserting a liner that allows 2mm of cement mantle. Results of Cementing Constrained Liner Into Secure Cementless Shell: Callaghan et al. JBJS 2004. Thirty-one hips at 2–10 year follow-up. Two of 31 failed. Technical considerations: do not cement proud and do not cement into a malpositioned shell; Haft et al. J Arthroplasty 2002. Seventeen hips with minimum 1 year follow-up. One of 17 failed. Technical considerations: do not cement proud. Results of Cementing Non-Constrained Liners Into Secure Cementless Shell: Beaule et al. JBJS 2004. Thirty-two hips at mean 5.1 year avg f/u. Four components revised for loosening; Callaghan et al. CORR 2012. Thirty-one hips at mean 5.3 year f/u. No revisions.
Perceptual Grouping Of Curved Lines

Image curves often correspond to the bounding contours of objects as they appear in the image. As such, they provide important structural information which may be exploited in matching and recognition tasks. However, these curves often do not appear as coherent events in the image; they must, therefore, be (re)constructed prior to their effective use by higher-level processes. A system (currently being built) to accomplish such reconstruction of image curves is described herein. It exploits principles of perceptual organization such as proximity and good continuation to identify co-curving or curvilinear structure. Components of each such structure are replaced by a single curve, thus making their coherence explicit. The system is iterative, operating over a range of perceptual scales--fine to coarse--and yielding a hierarchy of alternative descriptions. Results are presented for the first iteration, showing the performance of the system at the finest perceptual scale and indicating the reasonableness of the paradigm for subsequent iterations.
Unipolar terminal-attractor-based neural associative memory with adaptive threshold and perfect convergence

A perfectly convergent unipolar neural associative-memory system based on nonlinear dynamical terminal attractors is presented. With adaptive setting of the threshold values for the dynamic iteration for the unipolar binary neuron states with terminal attractors, perfect convergence is achieved. This achievement and correct retrieval are demonstrated by computer simulation. The simulations are completed (1) by exhaustive tests with all of the possible combinations of stored and test vectors in small-scale networks and (2) by Monte Carlo simulations with randomly generated stored and test vectors in large-scale networks with an M/N ratio of 4 (M is the number of stored vectors; N is the number of neurons ≤ 256). An experiment with exclusive-or logic operations with liquid-crystal-television spatial light modulators is used to show the feasibility of an optoelectronic implementation of the model. The behavior of terminal attractors in basins of energy space is illustrated by examples.
Activity Theory Analysis of Heart Failure Self-Care

The management of chronic health conditions such as heart failure is a complex process emerging from the activity of a network of individuals and artifacts. This article presents an activity theory...
The Life and Legacy of Professor Calvin R. Massey: A Select Annotated Bibliography

Professor Calvin R. Massey served on the faculty of the University of California, Hastings College of the Law from 1987 until 2012. From 20I2 until his death in 2015, he served as the inaugural Daniel Webster Distinguished Professor of Law on the faculty of the University of New Hampshire School of Law. A noted constitutional law and property scholar, Professor Massey wrote two textbooks, published dozens of articles, and gave countless presentations over the course of his three decades in legal academia. While his scholarly interests were many and varied, he might be best known for his writings on the Ninth Amendment and unenumerated rights, a subject about which he wrote four law review articles and a monograph. What follows is an annotated bibliography that attempts to collect and describe Professor Massey's body of work. This bibliography begins with a short biography. Next, Professor Massey's works are listed and annotated according to the category in which they fall: books; articles, essays, and book reviews; or audio and video recordings. Finally this Article concludes with a brief reflection on the significance of the recorded knowledge Professor Massey left behind. This bibliography is select because juvenilia, supplements, study aids, superseded works, and unrecorded public appearances have been excluded. While the Author attempted to take a descriptive approach to annotating the works found in this Article, there are instances in which the Author's enthusiasm may have driven him into the realm of evaluation.
Pressure Dependence of Creep in Forsterite Olivine: Comparison of Measurements From the D‐DIA and Griggs Apparatus

We present measurements of the creep strength of forsterite olivine at 1200°C from 1 to 7.5 GPa made using a Griggs apparatus at low pressures and a D-DIA apparatus at high pressures. The same starting material is used for all experiments allowing us to compare measurements made with the two instruments. We find that results from the two apparatus are comparable if the stress measurements made from the alumina piston in the D-DIA experiments are used as a proxy for the load that the olivine sample supports. The reproducibility of the D-DIA experiments are improved if microstructural observations of the post experimental integrity of the sample and piston are used to judge experimental validity. Interpretation of the joint dataset indicate that the pressure dependence of creep (ΔV*) for our sample material cannot be described by a constant value over this pressure range, but changes from ~15 cm3/mol at low pressure to closer to ~4 cm3/mol at high pressure. These results are consistent with changes in the mix of deformation mechanisms operating in forsterite as pressure increases.
Firm Lifecycles: Linking Employee Incentives and Firm Growth Dynamics

Research summary: While the economic advantages of scale are well understood, implications of the rate of firm growth are arguably less appreciated. Since firms' growth rate influences employees' promotion opportunities, the growth rate can have significant implications for the incentives employees face. Rapid growth, by creating more promotion opportunities, motivates employees to engage in extra-role behaviors that might result in promotion should an opportunity arise. Building on this argument, we develop a formal model linking the design of firms' incentive structure to their rate of growth. The associated dynamics lead to three distinct epochs of firms' lifecycle: rapid growth and high-powered incentives driven by frequent promotion opportunities; moderate growth with infrequent promotion opportunities, but large salary increases contingent on promotion; and finally, stagnant firms with low-powered incentives. Managerial summary: While being innovative can lead to a firm growing quickly, the opposite may also be true. Growing quickly may contribute to a firm's ability to improve its processes. Employees are often a source of process improving ideas. Employees' primary incentive to go “outside the job description” to improve those processes is often promotion. The availability of promotions, however, is linked to the firm's growth rate. Firms that are growing quickly can credibly promise to reward their most innovative employees with promotions. Established and slowly growing firms have fewer opportunities for growth, which gives employees less incentive to go “above and beyond.” This can mean that rapid growth can reinforce a firm's competitive advantage. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cueing and Logical Problem Solving in Brain Trauma Rehabilitation: Frequency Patterns in Clinician and Patient Behaviors

Frequencies (count per minute) of patient and therapist behaviors during rehabilitation sessions after traumatic brain injury were tracked in order to evaluate an intervention curriculum and the ef...
Experiences of Female and Male Medical Students With Death, Dying, and Palliative Care: One Size Does Not Fit All.

Background:Medical students learn about death, dying, and palliative care (DDPC) through formal curricular offerings and informal clinical experiences; however, the lessons learned in the clinic ma...
How Does the Neighborhood "Come through the Door?" Concentrated Disadvantage, Residential Instability, and the Home Environment for Preschoolers.

Living in a disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with heightened risk for poor school readiness and health outcomes in early childhood, and the home environment is thought to be a primary mechanism by which neighborhood context impacts preschoolers. This study examined the effects of neighborhood concentrated disadvantage and neighborhood residential instability on the home physical environment and home learning environment for preschoolers in economically disadvantaged families (N = 187). Using structural equation modeling, mothers' perceived neighborhood disorder and depressive symptoms were examined as mechanisms by which neighborhood context "comes through the door." Mothers' neighborhood social embeddedness was also explored as a protective factor. Results showed that concentrated disadvantage was negatively associated with the quality of the home physical environment, and residential instability was negatively associated with the quality of the home learning environment. Concentrated disadvantage had an indirect effect on the home learning environment through mothers' perceived neighborhood disorder and depressive symptoms. The effects of concentrated disadvantage on the home environment were buffered by mothers' neighborhood social embeddedness. Study findings advance understanding of socioeconomic- and place-based disparities in developmental outcomes and identify potential targets for interventions aimed at lessening effects of neighborhood disadvantage on families with young children.
La Habana: testigo de la Historia en la obra de Leonardo Padura

Leonardo Padura es un dels autors cubans mes reconeguts en l'actualitat. Les seves novel·les, principalment sobre detectius, narren el que ha estat la vida social, i fins i tot economica, de la Cuba pre i post revolucio. En fer aixo se li pot considerar un escriptor-historiador per la seva manera d’utilitzar la Historia. Tot i aixi, un dels aspectes interessants del seu estil, i que ho diferencia dels altres, es el seu us de la ciutat per il·lustrar la Historia contemporania de Cuba alhora que explica les seves histories. L'Havana amb els seus barris, els seus carrers i la seva gent, delimiten la Historia i les histories cubanes en els textos d'aquest autor.
SAC1 degrades its lipid substrate PtdIns4P in the endoplasmic reticulum to maintain a steep chemical gradient with donor membranes

Gradients of PtdIns4P between organelle membranes and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are thought to drive counter-transport of other lipids via non-vesicular traffic. This novel pathway requires the SAC1 phosphatase to degrade PtdIns4P in a 'cis' configuration at the ER to maintain the gradient. However, SAC1 has also been proposed to act in 'trans' at membrane contact sites, which could oppose lipid traffic. It is therefore crucial to determine which mode SAC1 uses in living cells. We report that acute inhibition of SAC1 causes accumulation of PtdIns4P in the ER, that SAC1 does not enrich at membrane contact sites, and that SAC1 has little activity in 'trans', unless a linker is added between its ER-anchored and catalytic domains. The data reveal an obligate 'cis' activity of SAC1, supporting its role in non-vesicular lipid traffic and implicating lipid traffic more broadly in inositol lipid homeostasis and function.
Acridine Orange as a Novel Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Therapy in Glioblastoma.

Background Photodynamic therapy combines the effects of a chemical agent with the physical energy from light or radiation to result in lysis of cells. Acridine orange (AO) is a molecule with fluorescence properties that has been demonstrated to possess photosensitizing properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the photodynamic effect of AO on glioblastoma cell viability and growth. Methods Glioblastoma cells (N = 8000 cells/well at 0 hours) were exposed to AO followed by white unfiltered light-emitting diode light. Cultures were exposed to either 10 or 30 minutes of light. The cell number per well was determined at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after exposure. Results A dramatic cytocidal effect of AO after exposure to 10 minutes of white light was observed. There was almost complete eradication of glioblastoma cells over a 72-hour period. Although AO or light alone exhibited some effect on cell growth, it was not as pronounced as the combination of AO and light. Conclusions This is the first study to our knowledge to demonstrate the photodynamic effect of AO in glioblastoma cells. These data support the need for further studies to characterize and evaluate whether this striking cytotoxic effect can be achieved in vivo. The combination of AO and exposure to white unfiltered light-emitting diode light may have potential future applications in management of glioblastoma.
The Evolution of Business Groups’ Corporate Social Responsibility

In this theoretical paper, I analyze business groups’ corporate social responsibility (CSR). Building on economic thinking, I propose that the level and diversity of CSR investments of business groups evolve with the development of the country, as a result of the interaction of two drivers: the level of infrastructure deficiencies and the cost of negative externalities. I argue that in underdeveloped countries, business groups have high levels and low diversity of CSR investments, focusing on the social arena to compensate for infrastructure deficiencies. As countries implement pro-market reforms and become emerging economies, the level of CSR investments diminishes as business groups can rely on external providers and the government for supporting infrastructure, but CSR diversity increases to address the growing costs of negative externalities in the environmental and economic arenas. As countries further develop to become advanced economies, business groups’ level and diversity of CSR investments increase to prevent the high costs of negative externalities in the social, environmental, and economic arenas proactively.
Rubber versus forest on contested Asian land.

Trade-offs in clearing forests for rubber plantations depend on calculations of opportunity costs. Such costs are not just a matter of economic calculations but also the politics of the forests and those who live in them
Paired threshold graphs

Abstract Threshold graphs are recursive deterministic network models that have been proposed for describing certain economic and social interactions. One drawback of this graph family is that it has limited generative attachment rules. To mitigate this problem, we introduce a new class of graphs termed Paired Threshold (PT) graphs described through vertex weights that govern the existence of edges via two inequalities. One inequality imposes the constraint that the sum of weights of adjacent vertices has to exceed a specified threshold. The second inequality ensures that adjacent vertices have a weight difference upper bounded by another threshold. We provide a conceptually simple characterization and decomposition of PT graphs, analyze their forbidden induced subgraphs and present a method for performing vertex weight assignments on PT graphs that satisfy the defining constraints. Furthermore, we describe a polynomial-time algorithm for recognizing PT graphs. We conclude our exposition with an analysis of the intersection number, diameter and clustering coefficient of PT graphs.
Sustainable development goal diagnostics : the case of the Arab Republic of Egypt

The United Nations 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals are comprehensive and holistic in nature, encompassing 17 goals and 169 targets covering economic, social, and environmental dimensions of development. Countries face the challenge of translating the Sustainable Development Goals into feasible and realistic development plans. This paper provides a simple analytical framework to assist countries in prioritizing across competing Sustainable Development Goals and evaluating data availability to monitor them. The paper offers an analysis of potential financial resources that can be used to finance the investments needed to implement the 2030 Agenda. It uses cross-country regressions of the Sustainable Development Goals to benchmark a country's current outcomes against those of other countries, given levels of gross national income per capita, and projects its levels in 2030 if a statistically significant relationship exists with gross national income per capita. The paper applies the framework to the Arab Republic of Egypt and as such, summarizes Egypt's progress on the Sustainable Development Goals since 2000 and projects expected values for the attainment of future targets by 2030; (b) provides an assessment of Egypt's current capacity to produce the data needed to monitor the Sustainable Development Goals, and (c) assesses options for increasing financing for development. Finally, the paper compares Egypt's economic condition and trends with those of its peers, the Republic Korea and Poland.
Structural basis for relief of phospholamban-mediated inhibition of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase at saturating Ca2+ conditions

Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) is critical for cardiac Ca2+ transport. Reversal of phospholamban (PLB)-mediated SERCA inhibition by saturating Ca2+ conditions operates as a physiological rheostat to reactivate SERCA function in the absence of PLB phosphorylation. Here, we performed extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to probe the structural mechanism of this process. Simulation of the inhibitory complex at superphysiological Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+] = 10 mm) revealed that Ca2+ ions interact primarily with SERCA and the lipid headgroups, but not with PLB's cytosolic domain or the cytosolic side of the SERCA–PLB interface. At this [Ca2+], a single Ca2+ ion was translocated from the cytosol to the transmembrane transport sites. We used this Ca2+-bound complex as an initial structure to simulate the effects of saturating Ca2+ at physiological conditions ([Ca2+]total ≈ 400 μm). At these conditions, ∼30% of the Ca2+-bound complexes exhibited structural features consistent with an inhibited state. However, in ∼70% of the Ca2+-bound complexes, Ca2+ moved to transport site I, recruited Glu771 and Asp800, and disrupted key inhibitory contacts involving the conserved PLB residue Asn34. Structural analysis showed that Ca2+ induces only local changes in interresidue inhibitory interactions, but does not induce repositioning or changes in PLB structural dynamics. Upon relief of SERCA inhibition, Ca2+ binding produced a site I configuration sufficient for subsequent SERCA activation. We propose that at saturating [Ca2+] and in the absence of PLB phosphorylation, binding of a single Ca2+ ion in the transport sites rapidly shifts the equilibrium toward a noninhibited SERCA–PLB complex.
Radiolysis and Hydrolysis of Magnetically Assisted Chemical Separation Particles

Abstract The magnetically assisted chemical separation process is designed to separate transuranic (TRU) elements from high-level waste or TRU waste. Magnetic micro-particles (1–25 μm) were coated with octyl (phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoyl-methylphosphine oxide dissolved in tributyl phosphate and tested for removing TRU elements from acidic nitrate solutions. The particles were contacted with nitric acid solutions or simulated Hanford Plutonium Finishing Plant waste solution, irradiated with a high intensity 60Co γ-ray source, and evaluated for their effectiveness in removing TRU elements from 2 M HNO3 solutions. The resistance of the coatings and magnetic cores to radiolytic damage and hydrolytic degradation was investigated by irradiating samples of particles suspended in a variety of solutions with doses of up to 5 Mrad. Transmission electron microscopy, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and physical observations of the particles and suspension solutions were used to assess physical changes to the...
Beyond ‘charting outcomes’ in the radiation oncology match: analysis of self-reported applicant data

The Charting Outcomes resource is useful in gauging an applicant’s competiveness for a given specialty. However, many variables are not reported in Charting Outcomes that may influence an applicant...
Wall-Resolved Large-Eddy Simulations of Transonic Shock-Induced Flow Separation

Wall-resolved implicit large-eddy simulations based on spatial filtering are performed for shock-induced flow separation over an axisymmetric bump at a Mach number of 0.875 and a chord-based Reynol...