cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Antibodies binding 3H-reovirus RNA in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Abstract The specificity of antibodies binding 3H-reovirus double-stranded RNA has been studied in an inhibition assay. The antibodies were from human patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, from NZB NZW F 1 mice with a lupus-like syndrome and from young NZB >NZW F 1 mice immunized with RNA in adjuvants. The binding of 14C-polyinosinic polycytidylic acid by selected sera was also studied. The results support the hypothesis that anti-RNA antibodies in lupus may be induced by viral nucleic acid.
CarD tricks and magic spots: mechanisms of stringent control in mycobacteria.

Global reprogramming of bacterial gene expression in response to nutritional stress, the stringent response, is well studied in E. coli . Now Stallings et al. report that Mycobacterium tuberculosis employs a different strategy involving the general transcription factor CarD for growth control and persistence in response to stresses encountered during infection.
Signal transducing molecules and glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-linked proteins form a caveolin-rich insoluble complex in MDCK cells

GPI-linked protein molecules become Triton-insoluble during polarized sorting to the apical cell surface of epithelial cells. These insoluble complexes, enriched in cholesterol, glycolipids, and GPI-linked proteins, have been isolated by flotation on sucrose density gradients and are thought to contain the putative GPI-sorting machinery. As the cellular origin and molecular protein components of this complex remain unknown, we have begun to characterize these low-density insoluble complexes isolated from MDCK cells. We find that these complexes, which represent 0.4-0.8% of the plasma membrane, ultrastructurally resemble caveolae and are over 150-fold enriched in a model GPI-anchored protein and caveolin, a caveolar marker protein. However, they exclude many other plasma membrane associated molecules and organelle-specific marker enzymes, suggesting that they represent microdomains of the plasma membrane. In addition to caveolin, these insoluble complexes contain a subset of hydrophobic plasma membrane proteins and cytoplasmically-oriented signaling molecules, including: (a) GTP-binding proteins--both small and heterotrimeric; (b) annex II--an apical calcium-regulated phospholipid binding protein with a demonstrated role in exocytic fusion events; (c) c-Yes--an apically localized member of the Src family of non-receptor type protein-tyrosine kinases; and (d) an unidentified serine-kinase activity. As we demonstrate that caveolin is both a transmembrane molecule and a major phospho-acceptor component of these complexes, we propose that caveolin could function as a transmembrane adaptor molecule that couples luminal GPI-linked proteins with cytoplasmically oriented signaling molecules during GPI-membrane trafficking or GPI-mediated signal transduction events. In addition, our results have implications for understanding v-Src transformation and the actions of cholera and pertussis toxins on hetero-trimeric G proteins.
Health and the holy in African and Afro-American spirit possession.

The difficulty of reconciling religious and medical dimensions of ethnopsychiatric phenomena is discussed with respect to spirit possession cults. The paper documents a trend toward medicalization of the phenomenon in the Anglo-American literature, and points out the lack of such a trend in the French literature. Extended discussion is presented of the Afro-Brazilian candomble, a cult not well represented in the Anglo-American literature. Case vignettes are excerpted from key informant interviews with a Brazilian psychiatrist who is also an initiated elder of the candomble. It is concluded that a balanced approach that attends to both religious and medical motives of cult participants is essential for an adequate understanding of the phenomenon, and that such an approach is intrinsic to the goals of contemporary medical anthropology.
Diabetes mellitus and ovarian cancer: more complex than just increasing risk.

Abstract Objective Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for endometrial cancer and is associated with poorer outcomes in breast and colon cancers. This association is less clear in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We sought to examine the effect of DM on progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in women with EOC. Methods A retrospective cohort study of EOC patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2009 at a single institution was performed. Demographic, pathologic and DM diagnosis data were abstracted. Pearson chi-square test and t test were used to compare variables. The Kaplan–Meier method and the log rank test were used to compare PFS and OS between non-diabetic (ND) and DM patients. Results 62 (17%) of 367 patients had a diagnosis of DM. No differences in age, histology, debulking status, or administration of intraperitoneal chemotherapy between ND and DM patients were present, although there were more stage I and IV patients in the ND group ( p =0.04). BMI was significantly different between the two groups (ND vs. DM, 27.5 vs. 30.7kg/m 2 , p p =0.024) and OS (26.1 vs. 42.2months, p =0.005) compared to ND patients. Metformin use among diabetic patients did not appear to affect PFS or OS. Conclusions EOC patients with DM have poorer survival than patients without diabetes; this association is independent of obesity. Metformin use did not affect outcomes. The pathophysiology of this observation requires more inquiry.
Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor with Primary Ovarian Involvement: Case Report and Review

Abstract Background. Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare, aggressive, malignant neoplasm that has recently been characterized. It has not been associated with a primary visceral organ. In women, cases are even more rare and often have some ovarian involvement. Case. An 11-year-old girl presented with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. A CT scan revealed a large heterogeneous pelvic mass with cystic components and an 8-cm midabdominal mass. During exploratory laparotomy, the patient was found to have a pelvic mass measuring 12.9 cm replacing normal ovarian tissue. The midabdominal mass was also removed. Pathology, cytology, and immunohistochemistry confirmed a desmoplastic small round cell tumor. Even with aggressive surgical and medical intervention, the patient died 11 months after initial diagnosis. Conclusion. We present a rare small cell tumor that is associated with ovarian involvement. The prognosis in these patients is extremely poor and very few survivals have been reported.
Melanoma BRAF fusions--letter.

We read with interest the article by Hutchinson and colleagues ([1][1]) describing melanomas harboring BRAF fusions and their sensitivity to MEK inhibition. We also have reported recurrent BRAF fusions in melanocytic neoplasms, including melanomas, and would like to comment on some of the
An acidic lymphokine distinct from interferon-γ inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus in human pulmonary macrophages☆

Abstract Supernatants from concanavalin A-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were fractionated by gel filtration and isoelectric focusing. A fraction with an isoelectric point of 2.2–3.3 containing macrophage migration inhibition factor activity inhibited the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 in human pulmonary macrophages and U937 cells. This fraction did not inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus in human fibroblasts. Moreover, the ability of this lymphokine fraction to inhibit viral growth in macrophages was not neutralized by antibody against interferon-γ. These findings identify a macrophage specific antiviral lymphokine which is distinct biochemically and immunologically from interferon-γ.
Exploratory behavior in mice selectively bred for developmental differences in aggressive behavior.

The development and expression of exploratory behavior was assessed in the Cairns lines of Institute for Cancer Research (ICR) mice that were selectively bred for differences in aggressive behavior, with a high-aggressive 900 line, low-aggressive 100 line, and control 500 line. Four paradigms were employed. Developmental changes were evident in the complex novel arena, with older males faster to contact a novel object, and ambulating more than young males. Within the control 500 line, older males showed longer latency to emerge from the home cage, and shorter latency to contact novel objects. In the 900 line, younger males showed this same pattern. R. B. Cairns proposed that line differences in aggressive behavior arise through alterations in developmental timing [Cairns et al. [1983] Life-span developmental psychology (Vol. 5). New York: Academic Press; Gariepy et al. [2001] Animal Behaviour 61: 933–947]. The early appearance of mature patterns of exploratory behavior in 900 line males supports this interpretation. The 900 line males also appear to be behaviorally inhibited in novel settings such as the light–dark box and the neohypophagia paradigm, compared to the 500 and 100 lines (Experiments 1, 2, and 4). Moreover, in the most complex apparatus, the novel arena, 900 line males were slowest to exit the home cage, and fastest to contact a novel object. The apparent contrast in these parameters of exploratory behavior is discussed in relation to T. C. Schneirla's [1965 Advances in the study of behavior (Vol. 1). New York: PN Academic] approach–withdrawal theory. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 32–47, 2008.
Intraspecific hybridisation and the release of mutator activity.

IT has been suggested by Grant1–2 that mutation and hybridisation may not be independent of one another as sources of genetic variation in natural populations. Indeed, it has been shown in both plants and animals3–8 that hybridisation can stimulate the production of new mutations and chromosome breakage events. The possible role of intraspecific hydridisation in inducing genetic change has recently been discussed in various contexts, especially in relation to the action of mutator genes in natural populations1,2,9–11. We have previously suggested that mutator factors, which are known to induce both visible and lethal mutations and chromosome breakage, are commonly present in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Within sub-populations, however, these mutators are genetically suppressed. On hybridisation between subpopulations, genetic suppression breaks down, resulting in the release of mutator activity and, hence, in an explosive increase in genetic variation. Clearly, these explosions of mutation, which have been documented in some natural populations12,13, might have an important role in evolution and speciation. Here, we test this hypothesis of ‘hybrid release’ directly by determining whether intraspecific hybridisation increases the frequency of mutation above that found in the sampled natural population. Our study differs significantly from other assays of mutator gene effect14–16 in that mutation frequencies before and after hybridisation are compared directly. The results show that hybrid release of mutator activity does occur as the result of hybridisation, producing a severalfold increase in the frequency of mutation. Thus, hybrid release may be a major mechanism in the induction of genetic variation in natural populations and so may be a driving force in evolution.
Intestinal absorption of particulate matter.

Abstract Evidence for and against the movement of intact particulates across the normal intestinal mucosa is reviewed. The effects of type of particulate and age of animal are considered. Small particulates unquestionably enter the gut-associated lymphoid tissues of adult animals and are engulfed by macrophages. Published evidence also favors the conclusion that small particulates are taken into absorptive cells of adults by an endocytotic mechanism. The evidence for passage of particulates between intestinal absorptive cells or into villus tips at the extrusion zone is not yet conclusive.
An analytical model for remote sensing determination of the mixed layer depth

Abstract An analytical mixed layer thermal inertia model based on remote sensing data is presented to estimate the diurnal mixed layer thickness and the thermal inertia of the mixed layer. The model depends on the concept that the diurnal sea surface temperature range (δSST) is primarily a function of the thermal inertia of the mixed layer, of local meteorological conditions, and physical characteristics of the sea surface. The value of δSST can be determined from satellite thermal infra-red imagery, albedo can be calculated from satellite broad-band visible and near infra-red imagery, wind speed can be estimated from satellite microwave radiometer imagery, and heat flux can be estimated using a standard method. Given these characteristics, the thermal inertia and diurnal mixed layer depth images are generated. The diurnal mixed layer depths predicted by the analytical remote sensing model agree well with observed data. Although it is limited by linearization of the upper boundary conditions and by some simplifying assumptions, the analytical method in the mixed layer thermal inertia model has a major advantage in its apparent simplicity in calculation. Special solutions are obtained in a closed analytical form, and the computation based on these solutions is made rapidly compared with the turbulence closure models. This advantage is most desirable for a remote sensing system, since the data base for image processing is orders of magnitude larger than the data base for any conventional observation. For further application of the model, the term scaled thermal inertia is defined and calibrated to generate surface wind images. We compare such images with microwave radiometer imagery and also discuss the limitations of the model.
Expanding mesh stent in the emergency treatment of Boerhaave’s syndrome

Boerhaave's syndrome, or spontaneous esophageal perforation, is a life threatening condition demanding early diagnosis and rapid aggressive management to prevent fulminant mediastinitis and death. We describe a patient treated in an emergency situation with an expanding esophageal mesh stent to bridge the esophageal rent together with chest and mediastinal drainage, resulting in complete recovery and return to the community. We also describe the partial recovery of the stent in the convalescent period.
Likely local shape

A standard probabilistic formulation of a local shape estimator due to Witkin (1980) has been demonstrated to work to some extent on a range of data, but it also has been shown to overestimate slant. The author identifies and analyzes three sources of this error: the choice of prior probability distribution on shape; a systematic bias in the observation of image events; and a kind of nonergodicity in the stochastic process associated with surface events. As a result of this analysis, the author formulates a corrected probabilistic local shape estimator, proves a correctness theorem for it, and demonstrates its superiority to the Wilkin estimator in a set of experiments. >
A Critique of Some Assumptions of Social Survey Research

Bobby Burns' wish for the gift of seeing ourselves as others see us, so strikingly exemplified in current "image" research, is fulfilled here (at least in part) by an anthropologist who will leave for Borneo a few months after this article appears. His questioning of the questionnaire springs from a general interest in the accuracy of the description of human behavior in social research, an interest many readers share whether or not they agree with his particular description of survey behavior. The author is Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Sacramento State College. He has been awarded a research grant by the National Science Foundation for the first stage of a study of the socialization process of the Dusun in British North Borneo following a similar study he made of the Papago in southwestern Arizona.
Evidence and mechanisms for folding of granite, Sierra de Hualfín basement-cored uplift, northwest Argentina

Sierra de Hualfn is a 22-km (14-mi)-long basement-cored uplift with an approximately 66-km2 (26-mi2) exposure of the basement-cover interface. The uplift is composed of Ordovician granite, overlain by and locally thrust over Tertiary sedimentary rocks. The geometry of the uplift is that of a faulted anticlinorium in granite basement that is delineated by the basement unconformity. Detailed mapping of the basement unconformity documents large-scale folding of granite basement, the result of fault-propagation folding associated with a thrust-fault tip initially located deep in the basement. Our findings at Sierra de Hualfn indicate that homogeneous granite can fold as a deformable body by stress-induced development and/or exploitation of joints, faults and fractures, and an unconformity-parallel fracture foliation in the uppermost basement. Specifically, folding is achieved through systematic coordinated movements involving (1) reactivation of joints as faults and mode I fissures, (2) fracturing and faulting near large displacement faults, and (3) flexural shear of the uppermost basement. The extent to which joints, microfractures, and fracture foliation are reactivated determines the deformability of granite. At Sierra de Hualfn, the deformability of granite is such that the folding of the basement is consistent with trishear kinematics. Our observations contradict standard models of basement-cored uplifts that assume that the fault tip is located at the basement-cover interface. We postulate that the folded shape of Sierra de Hualfn and of some uplifts in the Rocky Mountain foreland can be attributed to basement distortion taking place in advance of a propagating fault tip below the basement-cover unconformity.
Surgical Resection and Scarification for Chronic Seroma Post-Ventral Hernia Mesh Repair

Patient: Male, 52 Final Diagnosis: Seroma Symptoms: Abdominal discomfort • abdominal mass Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Excision and evacuation of the complex seroma Specialty: Surgery Objective: Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment
Disproportionate Representation of African American Students in Special Education: Acknowledging the Role of White Privilege and Racism

This article places the problem of disproportionate representation of African American students in special education in the context of the White privilege and racism that exist in American society as a whole. The author discusses how educational resource allocation, inappropriate curriculum and pedagogy, and inadequate teacher preparation have contributed to the problem of disproportionate representation. More important, she argues that remedies designed to address the disproportionality challenge must place the aforementioned structural forces at the center of education research, policy, and practice.
Chapter 13 Principal Components Analysis: A Review of its Application on Molecular Dynamics Data

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the need for multivariate analysis in biophysical studies, presents the way principal components analysis (PCA) can be implemented in the analysis of molecular dynamics data, and provides insights into the pitfalls and common errors associated with multivariate techniques. Principal components analysis (PCA) is the simplest of multivariate techniques that is used to reduce or simplify large and complicated sets of data. PCA is predicated on the assumption that the phenomena of interest can be explained by the variances and covariances between the p variables in the original data set. PCA is used in a wide array of applications ranging from crystallographic and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure ensembles, protein and peptide folding/unfolding, the structural determinants of transmembrane proteins and channels, large-scale domain motion, and many more. PCA has been shown to be a powerful tool in evaluation of DNA flexibility in molecular dynamics simulations. The chapter highlights the utility of PCA to reduce the complexity of variables describing the dynamics data. PCA and the mathematically identical essential dynamics have proved useful in the detection of important motions in biomolecules ranging from proteins to nucleic acids.
Design of a semi-active knee-ankle prosthesis

This paper proposes a design for a knee-ankle prosthesis which ultimately controls two linear hydraulic actuators using a single pump. The design takes advantage of the fact that the knee and ankle never produce large positive powers simultaneously during stair-climbing, and that the ankle produces more positive power than the knee during walking. This makes the prosthesis lighter and smaller. During walking, the ankle joint adds forward propulsive power similar to that of an intact ankle. During stair climbing, the knee joint provides assistance like that of an intact knee. The hydraulic nature of the prosthetic allows it to function in a semi-active mode, where it behaves similar to a microcontroller controlled passive transfemoral prosthesis.
A kingpin of academic inclusive fitness: the history and contributions of Bruce Grant.

ONE of the most difficult decisions facing postdocs on the academic job market is where they should apply for jobs. They seek the advice of their supervisors, but their supervisors' world view is colored by their own decisions and experiences. Because most postdocs are at research universities, their supervisors typically overtly or subtly encourage them to apply to similar schools. The implication is that, for scientists to have an impact on their discipline, they must be able to recruit top Ph.D. students and postdocs, which cannot be done as effectively at smaller institutions such as liberal arts colleges. Accepting a job at a smaller institution is often called the “kiss of death” because new faculty members supposedly will be overwhelmed with teaching responsibilities, their research record will suffer, and a later move to a research university will be far more difficult.
Spatial and temporal patterns of onion maggot adult activity and oviposition within onion fields that vary in bordering habitat

In New York, onion [Allium cepa L. (Alliaceae)] fields often border woods or other vegetable fields. Because onion maggot adults, Delia antiqua (Meigen) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), spend a significant portion of their time outside of onion fields, surrounding habitat may affect patterns of fly activity and oviposition within onion fields. To better understand these patterns throughout the onion-growing season, first-, second-, and third-flights maggot adult (male and female) activity was monitored using yellow sticky cards. Half of the monitored fields bordered woods, whereas the other half bordered other onion or vegetable fields. Within all fields, yellow sticky cards were placed at five distances along a transect beginning at the onion field edge extending into the field center. First-flight male and female adult activity was greatest along onion field edges and was especially high along edges bordering woods. This pattern diminished during the second flight and was absent during the third. To determine if spatial patterns of onion maggot oviposition by first-flight onion maggots were similar to first-flight adult activity patterns, potted onion plants were placed in onion fields that bordered or did not border woods in late May and early June 2003. The number of eggs laid in the soil at the base of each plant was recorded. Unlike spatial patterns of first-flight adult activity, oviposition patterns were not affected by bordering habitat or distance from the field edge. Based on the activity of onion maggot adults in onion fields, future and existing control strategies should consider targeting first-flight adults along field edges rather than across entire fields, especially in fields that border woods. In contrast, based on spatial patterns of oviposition within onion fields, controls targeting onion maggot larvae should be applied on a fieldwide basis.
A network equilibrium framework for Internet advertising: Models, qualitative analysis, and algorithms

In this paper, we develop a network equilibrium framework for the modeling and analysis of competitive firms engaged in Internet advertising among multiple websites. The model allows for the determination of both the equilibrium online advertising budget as well as the advertising expenditures on the different websites. We then specialize the model to the case of fixed online budgets for the firms. The governing equilibrium conditions of both models are shown to satisfy finite-dimensional variational inequalities. We present qualitative properties of the solution patterns as well as computational procedures that exploit the underlying abstract network structure of these problems. The models and algorithms are illustrated with numerical examples. This paper adds to the growing literature of the application of network-based techniques derived from operations research to the advertising/marketing arena.
The Flavonoid Baicalein Inhibits Fibrillation of α-Synuclein and Disaggregates Existing Fibrils

The aggregation of α-synuclein has been implicated as a critical step in the development of Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons from the substantia nigra; currently, no cure exists. Baicalein is a flavonoid with antioxidant properties; upon oxidation, it forms several products including quinones. We show here that low micromolar concentrations of baicalein, and especially its oxidized forms, inhibit the formation of α-synuclein fibrils. In addition, existing fibrils of α-synuclein are disaggregated by baicalein. The product of the inhibition reaction is predominantly a soluble oligomer of α-synuclein, in which the protein molecules have been covalently modified by baicalein quinone to form a Schiff base with a lysine side chain in α-synuclein. The binding of baicalein was abolished by conversion of the Tyr residues into Phe, demonstrating that Tyr is involved in the interaction of α-synuclein with baicalein. In disaggregation baicalein causes fragmentation throughout the length of the fibril. These observations suggest that baicalein and similar compounds may have potential as therapeutic leads in combating Parkinson's disease and that diets rich in flavonoids may be effective in preventing the disorder.
Tuberculate ectomycorrhizae of angiosperms: The interaction between Boletus rubropunctus (Boletaceae) and Quercus species (Fagaceae) in the United States and Mexico.

Tuberculate ectomycorrhizae (TECM) are unique structures in which aggregates of ectomycorrhizal roots are encased in a covering of fungal hyphae. The function of TECM is unknown, but they probably enhance the nitrogen nutrition and disease resistance of host plants. Trees in the Pinaceae form TECM with species of Rhizopogon and Suillus (Suillineae, Boletales). Similar tubercules are found with diverse angiosperms, but their mycobionts have not been phylogenetically characterized. We collected TECM in Mexico and the USA that were similar to TECM in previous reports. We describe these TECM and identify both the plant and fungal symbionts. Plant DNA confi rms that TECM hosts are Quercus species. ITS sequences from tubercules and sclerotia (hyphal aggregations that serve as survival structures) matched sporocarps of Boletus rubropunctus . Phylogenetic analyses confi rm that this fungus belongs to the suborder Boletineae (Boletales). This is the fi rst published report of TECM formation in the Boletineae and of sclerotia formation by a Boletus species. Our data suggest that the TECM morphology is an adaptive feature that has evolved separately in two suborders of Boletales (Suillineae and Boletineae) and that TECM formation is controlled by the mycobiont because TECM are found on distantly related angiosperm and gymnosperm host plants.
A Total Synthesis of (±)-Longicyclene

Abstract Synthetic quests within the longifolane class of sesquiterpenes have included such elaborately bridged structures as longifolene,1 isolongifolene,2 and culmorin.3 The tetracyclic member of this interesting group of naturally occurring compounds; namely, longicyclene (1)4 has heretofore evaded synthesis. Longicyclene (1), isolated from turpentine oil of Pinus longifolia, was assigned structure 1 on the basis of spectral evidence and an acid-catalyzed conversion to longifolene.4,5 We wish to report herein a stereoselective total synthesis of (±)-longicyclene (1).
Border landmark selection and applications in self-configurable wireless networks

In this paper, we propose three algorithms for border landmark selection, namely the convex hull-based (CHB) algorithm, the center node elimination (CNE) algorithm, and the hierarchy-structured (HS) algorithm. CHB works perfectly in theory and provides a deep insight into the landmark selection problem. At the same time, it is noticed that CHB is centralized and sensitive to errors in distance estimation. The CNE algorithm is a distributed approach, devised to gradually exclude the nodes in the ldquocenterrdquo of the network till the desired number of nodes left, which are employed as landmarks. While CNE works effectively in a small network, its high order computation complexity and communication overhead may eventually lead to scalability problem when it is applied in very large networks. To address this problem, we propose the HS algorithm for striking the balance between accuracy and complexity/overhead. In HS, we establish a hierarchical structure with multiple layers, and apply the CNE algorithm in an appropriate layer to identify an initial set of candidate nodes. The outcomes are then rectified through a recursive process, yielding the final landmarks. Three applications, including coordinates establishment, border detection, and landmark-based routing in general networks without location information, are introduced based on the selected landmarks. We carry out extensive simulations to compare the performance of our landmark selection algorithms and demonstrate their effectiveness in all of the applications.
A cardiac electro-physiological model based approach for filtering high frequency ECG noise

With an increasing focus on automatic diagnoses of cardiac disease through ECG signals, de-noising techniques that do not introduce artifacts have become necessary. This paper proposes a model based approach for removing high frequency noise from ECG signals. The proposed modeling technique is based on the propagation of the electric waves over the cardiac tissue. The proposed approach models the crucial nodes as a difference between two sigmoid functions. The ECG signal is modeled as the sum of the activity at the SA node, AV node, Bundle branches, Purkenji fibers, and right and left ventricles. The model is adapted to the targeted ECG signal using a nonlinear least squares optimization technique. The proposed filtering approach is applied to randomly selected ECGs from the long-term ST database. A quantitative analysis is performed on simulated ECG signals perturbed with white noise with ST signal to noise ratios ranging from -25 to 5 dB.
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy : Real or a normal morphologic variant?

Background Naive coronary vessels may appear to have intimal thickening histologically characteristic of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). This study appraises the experimental and clinical impact of this observation. Methods Tissue sections from 12 naive hearts of miniature swine, 13 native porcine hearts of recipients of heterotopic cardiac allografts, 3 native human hearts and 3 human hearts with CAV were compared with light microscopy and morphometric analysis. Results were also compared with morphometric data previously gathered from 3 grafts in a standard experimental model of CAV (rejectors) and 3 grafts harvested from swine rendered tolerant to their donor hearts (chimeras). Results In the naive and native porcine hearts, the prevalence of CAV “mimics” was 0% to 6.94% (mean ± SD: 1.99 ± 1.97%) and 0% to 7.57% (2.97 ± 2.20%), respectively (p = 0.12). The prevalence of CAV in the grafts of porcine rejectors and chimeras was 9.9% to 14.8% (12.4 ± 2.5%) and 0.6% to 4.5% (2.6 ± 2.0%), respectively (p Conclusions Smooth muscle bundles inside the internal elastic laminae are similarly prevalent in human and porcine coronary vasculature. Their histologic similarity to intimal thickening of CAV could lead to an inaccurate distinction between graft tolerance and CAV in both clinical and experimental studies of heart transplantation.
Development of Granular Boric Acid Sugar Baits for House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae)

Freeze-dried, granular sugar baits containing boric acid as the toxicant were evaluated against house flies, Musca domestica L., in two bioassays with toxicant dose ranges of 3, 5, 7, 8, and 12%, and 3, 5, 9, 17, and 33% boric acid, respectively, calculated and expressed on a dry weight basis. Flies in bioassay 1 were mixed sex and unstarved and flies in bioassay 2 were females only and starved 4 h before testing began. LC50s were 8.97 and 14.33%, and LT50s were 59.75 and 53.34 h in bioassays 1 and 2, respectively. Baits were tested at concentrations as high as 33%, however there was no indication of repellency as seen previously with liquid baits. Reasons for lack of repellency and potential uses for baits are discussed. Development of efficacious granular baits would allow the presentation of higher levels of boric acid in volumes much smaller than required for liquid baits.
A genetic variant of cortactin linked to acute lung injury impairs lamellipodia dynamics and endothelial wound healing

Inflammatory mediators released in acute lung injury (ALI) trigger the disruption of interendothelial junctions, leading to loss of vascular barrier function, protein-rich pulmonary edema, and severe hypoxemia. Genetic signatures that predict patient recovery or disease progression are poorly defined, but recent genetic screening of ALI patients has identified an association between lung inflammatory disease and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene for the actin-binding and barrier-regulatory protein cortactin. This study investigated the impact of this disease-linked cortactin variant on wound healing processes that may contribute to endothelial barrier restoration. A microfabricated platform was used to quantify wound healing in terms of gap closure speed, lamellipodia dynamics, and cell velocity. Overexpression of wild-type cortactin in endothelial cells (ECs) improved directional cell motility and enhanced lamellipodial protrusion length, resulting in enhanced gap closure rates. By contrast, the cortactin SNP impaired wound closure and cell locomotion, consistent with the observed reduction in lamellipodial protrusion length and persistence. Overexpression of the cortactin SNP in lung ECs mitigated the barrier-enhancing activity of sphingosine 1-phosphate. These findings suggest that this common cortactin variant may functionally contribute to ALI predisposition by impeding endothelial wound healing.
Stochastic product integration and stochastic equations

A standard method in deterministic product (or multiplicative) integration for integrating measures (or w.r.t measures) is to exploit Radon-Nikodym property. This technique does not extend to stochastic product integration w.r.t semimartingales. We introduce in this article a multiplicative operator functional (MOF) method to define stochastic product integrals; these integrals (MOF's) take values in certain Fock types spaces ℋTR and ℋHS. First we clearly detail out our method for stochastic product integration w.r.t (finite order) matrix valued Brownian motion. We next extend this to define MOF's \(\hat X\) (product integrals) of Hilbert-Schmidt- (K2-) valued semimartingales X. A central result is the Peano series type representation of \(\hat X\). This result helps us to establish a stochastic Kato-Trotter formula obtaining the classical (deterministic) formula as a special case of our stochastic version. An initial purpose of product integration is to construct solutions of differential equations. We use our stochastic product integrals to construct a solution of a linear stochastic equation similar to Doleans-Dade-Protter equation. The construction itself proves the existence and uniqueness of the solution. Further extensions will appear elsewhere.
Abstract 2026: G0S2 functions as a tumor suppressor gene through inhibition of c-Myc

G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) is a direct retinoic acid target gene that is widely expressed in diverse organs and has been reported to have a role in adipose lipolysis by negatively regulating adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). G0S2 is also commonly silenced by DNA methylation in a variety of solid tumors including glioma, head and neck and lung cancers, and G0S2 induction is associated with retinoic acid-mediated clinical remissions in acute promyelocytic leukemia. This evidence suggests that G0S2 may possess tumor suppressor activity although definitive proof and mechanistic details are lacking. We now clearly demonstrate using G0S2 null immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) that G0S2 can function to oppose oncogene-induced transformation. G0S2 null MEFs were readily transformed with H-RAS or EGFR while wild-type MEFs were not. Importantly, re-introduction of G0S2 reversed H-RAS transformation of G0S2 null MEFs. Although G0S2 is a known regulator of fat metabolism through attenuating ATGL activity, we found that G0S2 repression of oncogene-induced transformation was independent of ATGL inhibition. Detailed microarray analysis demonstrated that G0S2 knockout alone upregulated gene signatures associated with transformation, proliferation and Myc transcriptional responses. G0S2 knockout also induced c-Myc expression at the transcript and protein level. Finally, transient and stable shRNA-mediated repression of c-Myc completely abrogated oncogene-induced transformation of G0S2 null MEFs. Taken together, these findings indicate that G0S2 can function as a tumor suppressor by opposing Myc. Studies to elucidate the mechanism underlying G0S2 regulation of Myc are ongoing. Understanding the functions and mechanisms of this novel tumor suppressor pathway may lead to new pharmacologic strategies for many cancers where G0S2 is silenced. Citation Format: Christina Y. Yim, David J. Sekula, Sarah J. Freemantle, Ethan Dmitrovsky, Michael J. Spinella. G0S2 functions as a tumor suppressor gene through inhibition of c-Myc. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2026. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2026
Communication: Temperature derivative of the dielectric constant gives access to multipoint correlations in polar liquids

Fluctuations of the dipole moment of a macroscopic dielectric sample are induced by thermal motions. The variance of the sample dipole moment, characterizing the extent of thermal fluctuations, is a decaying function of temperature for many polar liquids. This result is inconsistent with the Nyquist (fluctuation-dissipation) theorem predicting the variance of a macroscopic property to grow linearly with temperature. The reason for a qualitatively different behavior is in strong multi-particle correlations of dipolar orientations. An equation connecting the temperature slope of the dielectric constant to a static three-point correlation function is derived. When applied to experimental data for polar and hydrogen-bonding liquids at normal conditions, the three-point correlations of different liquids fall on a single master curve as a function of the dielectric constant. Static three-point correlation functions can potentially reflect the growing spatial correlation length on approach to the glass transition. However, the measured temperature slope of the dielectric constant of glycerol does not indicate a change in such a lengthscale.
Influence of Aridity and Weather on Breeding-Season Survival of Northern Bobwhites in South Texas, USA

Abstract Understanding vital rates of wildlife populations is essential for developing realistic management objectives. We conducted an analysis of data from four northern bobwhite Colinus virginia...
Data on biodistribution and radiation absorbed dose profile of a novel (64)Cu-labeled high affinity cell-specific peptide for positron emission tomography imaging of tumor vasculature.

New peptide-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches hold promise for highly selective targeting of cancer leading to more precise and effective diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. An important feature of these approaches is to reach the tumor tissue while limiting or minimizing the dose to normal organs. In this context, efforts to design and engineer materials with optimal in vivo targeting and clearance properties are important. This Data In Brief article reports on biodistribution and radiation absorbed dose profile of a novel high affinity radiopeptide specific for bone marrow-derived tumor vasculature. Background information on the design, preparation, and in vivo characterization of this peptide-based targeted radiodiagnostic is described in the article “Synthesis and comparative evaluation of novel 64Cu-labeled high affinity cell-specific peptides for positron emission tomography of tumor vasculature” (Merrill et al., 2016) [1]. Here we report biodistribution measurements in mice and calculate the radiation absorbed doses to normal organs using a modified Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry (MIRD) methodology that accounts for physical and geometric factors and cross-organ beta doses.
Ion Beam Mixing In Binary Amorphous Metallic Alloys

Ion beam mixing (IM) was measured in homogeneous amorphous metallic alloys of Cu-Er and Ni-Ti as a function of temperature using tracer impurities, i.e., the so called “marker geometry”. In Cu-Er, a strong temperature dependence in IM was observed between 80 K and 373 K, indicating that radiation-enhanced diffusion mechanisms are operative in this metallic glass. Phase separation of the Cu-Er alloy was also observed under irradiation as Er segregated to the vacuum and SiO 2 interfaces of the specimen. At low-temperatures, the amount of mixing in amorphous Ni-Ti is similar to that in pure Ni or Ti, but it is much greater in Cu-Er than in either Cu or Er.
Study of Collision Detection Algorithm Optimization Based on HyCD

In this paper,collision detection HyCD,where different bounding box is used according to different occasion is brought forward;algorithm of intersection calculation between bounding boxes is analyzed and collision detection optimization based on HyCD is gained.
Focused obstetrical clinic for active duty junior enlisted service women: model for improved outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of an interdisciplinary clinic in improving perinatal outcomes for all pregnant patients of junior enlisted rank (E4 and below) in response to previous reports that this group is at higher risk for adverse outcomes. Methods: The study population included all junior enlisted active duty patients (E4 and below) delivering between January 1, 1993, and June 30, 1996. Outcomes for patients receiving care in a focused active duty obstetrical clinic were compared with outcomes in similar cohorts of senior active duty patients (E5 and above) and non-active duty pregnant patients. Evaluation was based on perinatal outcomes, including chorioamnionitis, postpartum hemorrhage, intrauterine growth retardation, cesarean delivery, preterm delivery rates ( 41 weeks), postpartum days, mean gestational age at delivery, mean delivery weights, Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes, preeclampsia, and premature labor. Variables with potential to confound perinatal outcomes were also studied. Confounding variables included tobacco use, gestational diabetes, chronic hypertension, thyroid disease, history of substance abuse, and alcohol use. Power analysis accomplished before initiation of the study showed adequate sample size (>240 patients in each group) to demonstrate statistically different rates of preterm delivery. Statistical analysis was done using the X 2 test for categorical variables and Student's t test for continuous variables. Results: There were no statistical differences between junior active duty patients, senior active duty patients, and non-active duty patients in preterm delivery and other outcome variables. Conclusion: The focused obstetrical clinic, conducted for junior enlisted soldiers by a senior nurse practitioner, appears to provide an intervention that ensures perinatal outcomes equal to those of both the non-active duty and the senior active duty population.
Mobilization and Adaptation of a Rural Cradle-to-Career Network

This case study explored the development of a rural cradle-to-career network with a dual focus on the initial mobilization of network members and subsequent adaptations made to maintain mobilization, while meeting local needs. Data sources included interviews with network members, observations of meetings, and documentary evidence. Network-based social capital facilitated mobilization. Where networks were absent and where distrust and different values were evident, mobilization faltered. Three network adaptations were discovered: Special rural community organizing strategies, district-level action planning, and a theory of action focused on out-of-school factors. All three were attributable to the composition of mobilized stakeholders and this network’s rural social geography. These findings illuminate the importance of social geography in the development and advancement of rural cradle-to-career networks.
Development of Quality Indicators to Address Abuse and Neglect in Home‐Based Primary Care and Palliative Care

Objectives To develop candidate quality indicators (QIs) for the quality standard of "addressing abuse and neglect" in the setting of home-based medical care. Design Systematic literature review of both the peer-reviewed and gray literature. Setting Home-based primary and palliative care practices. Participants Homebound community-dwelling older adults. Measurements Articles were identified to inform the development of candidate indicators of the quality by which home-based primary and palliative care practices addressed abuse and neglect. The literature guided the development of patient-level QIs and practice-level quality standards. A technical expert panel (TEP) representing exemplary home-based primary care and palliative care providers then participated in a modified Delphi process to assess the validity and feasibility of each measure and identify candidate QIs suitable for testing in the field. Results The literature review yielded 4,371 titles and abstracts that were reviewed; 25 publications met final inclusion criteria and informed development of nine candidate QIs. The TEP rated all but one of the nine candidate indicators as having high validity and feasibility. Conclusion Translating the complex problem of addressing abuse and neglect into QIs may ultimately serve to improve care delivered to vulnerable home-limited adults who receive home-based medical care.