cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Religion and Spirituality in Group Counseling: Beliefs and Practices of University Counseling Center Counselors

Fifty-four counselors at 9 university counseling centers participated in a study regarding religion and spirituality (R/S) in group counseling. The majority indicated that R/S is an appropriate topic for group counseling and that some religious and spiritual interventions are appropriate to use. However, counselors rarely use these interventions. Counselors endorsed higher ratings for spiritual interventions compared to their religious counterparts. After reading 1 of 2 vignettes depicting either a religious or spiritual concern raised by a group client, counselors rated their likelihood of responding in different ways. We observed no differences in the responses based on the different vignettes.
Linkage, Association, and Gene-Expression Analyses Identify CNTNAP2 as an Autism-Susceptibility Gene

Autism is a genetically complex neurodevelopmental syndrome in which language deficits are a core feature. We describe results from two complimentary approaches used to identify risk variants on chromosome 7 that likely contribute to the etiology of autism. A two-stage association study tested 2758 SNPs across a 10 Mb 7q35 language-related autism QTL in AGRE (Autism Genetic Resource Exchange) trios1,2 and found significant association with Contactin Associated Protein-Like 2 (CNTNAP2), a strong a priori candidate. Male-only containing families were identified as primarily responsible for this association signal, consistent with the strong male affection bias in ASD and other language-based disorders. Gene-expression analyses in developing human brain further identified CNTNAP2 as enriched in circuits important for language development. Together, these results provide convergent evidence for involvement of CNTNAP2, a Neurexin family member, in autism, and demonstrate a connection between genetic risk for autism and specific brain structures.
Follow-up study of subjects on methadyl acetate and methadone

Fifty of sixty original study subjects were assessed via two questionnaires and urinalysis tests between six months and one year following completion of the experimental program. Results indicate a high rate of retention in methadone/methadyl acetate treatment, and point to the need for positive social context, satisfactory interpersonal relationships, and good role functioning as concomitants to achieving drug-free status.
Combinatorial analysis of the fault-diameter of the n-cube

It is shown that the diameter of an n-dimensional hypercube can only increase by an additive constant of 1 when (n-1) faulty processors are present. Based on the concept of forbidden faulty sets, which guarantees the connectivity of the cube in the presence of up to (2n-3) faulty processors. It is shown that the diameter of the n-cube increases to (n-2) as a result of (2n-3) processor failures. It is also shown that only those nodes whose Hamming distance is (n-2) have the potential to be located at two ends of the diameter of the damaged cube. It is proven that all the n-cubes with (2n-3) faulty processors and a fault-diameter of (n+2) are isomorphic. A generalization to the subject study is presented. >
Post-copy based live virtual machine migration using adaptive pre-paging and dynamic self-ballooning

We present the design, implementation, and evaluation of post-copy based live migration for virtual machines (VMs) across a Gigabit LAN. Live migration is an indispensable feature in today's virtualization technologies. Post-copy migration defers the transfer of a VM's memory contents until after its processor state has been sent to the target host. This deferral is in contrast to the traditional pre-copy approach, which first copies the memory state over multiple iterations followed by a final transfer of the processor state. The post-copy strategy can provide a "win-win" by reducing total migration time closer to its equivalent time achieved by non-live VM migration. This is done while maintaining the liveness benefits of the pre-copy approach. We compare post-copy extensively against the traditional pre-copy approach on top of the Xen Hypervisor. Using a range of VM workloads we show improvements in several migration metrics including pages transferred, total migration time and network overhead. We facilitate the use of post-copy with adaptive pre-paging in order to eliminate all duplicate page transmissions. Our implementation is able to reduce the number of network-bound page faults to within 21% of the VM's working set for large workloads. Finally, we eliminate the transfer of free memory pages in both migration schemes through a dynamic self-ballooning (DSB) mechanism. DSB periodically releases free pages in a guest VM back to the hypervisor and significantly speeds up migration with negligible performance degradation.
Performance analysis of sequential tests between Poisson processes

The problem of performance computation for sequential tests between Poisson processes is considered. The average sample numbers and error probabilities of the sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) between two homogeneous Poisson processes are known to solve certain delay-differential equations (DDEs). Exact, numerically stable solutions to these DDEs are developed here, and their asymptotic properties are explored. These solutions are seen to be superior to earlier solutions of Dvoretsky, Kiefer, and Wolfowitz (1953), which suffer from severe numerical instability in some ranges of parameters of interest in applications. The application of these results is illustrated in the problem of performance approximation for the cumulative sum (CUSUM) quickest detection procedure.
Changes in serotype prevalence and antimicrobial resistance among invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Korea, 1996–2008

We investigated changes in serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities among 386 isolates of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae collected from numerous hospitals in Korea from 1996 to 2008. Serotypes 19F (9.8 %), 23F (8.3 %), 19A (7.8 %), 6A (7.5 %), 3 (7.3 %), 9V (6.5 %), 6B (6.2 %), 14 (4.9 %), 1 (3.9 %), 11A (3.9 %) and 4 (3.1 %) represented 69.2 % of all isolates. While the overall proportion of PCV7 serotypes was stable over time, we observed modest decreases in children <5 years old and in adults ≥65 years old between 1996–1999 and 2007–2008. An increased prevalence of non-PCV7 serotypes in these age groups was primarily attributable to an increase in serotypes 3, 6A and 19A. Most invasive S. pneumoniae isolates showed high resistance rates to erythromycin (74.9 %), tetracycline (71.1 %) and clindamycin (61.7 %). Between 1996–2003 and 2004–2008, non-susceptibility rates to cefotaxime and multi-drugs (three or more classes) in PCV7 serotypes showed a declining trend, while in non-PCV7 serotypes there was an increasing trend. Non-PCV7 serotypes 6A and 19A, which mostly exhibited multidrug-resistant phenotypes (69.0 % and 76.7 % respectively), increased between 1996–2003 and 2004–2008. Although PCV7 was introduced in Korea in November 2003, pneumococcal vaccination has not been included in the national child vaccination programme. Our results provide details of serotype occurrence that will be useful when adoption of universal pneumococcal vaccination in Korea is being considered.
The Sum Is Greater Than the Parts: Deconstructing Homemade PowerPoint Games

Homemade PowerPoint games are a low-tech alternative for using game design in classrooms. To date, much of the research examining the games has not shown an improvement in performance. This has led some to question whether the games are properly aligned with the instructional strategies researchers have used as justifications to support using them. This study examined how increasing the structure of the game design project affected student performance when compared to control groups, as well as those who created games in previous iterations of the study. In addition, we examined the effects of student performance when two of the instructional strategies (microtheme writing and question writing) were tested in isolation. Most of the comparisons showed no statistical difference in performance; however, results from the final iteration yielded significant gains when compared to the control group.
Constructing Memory: Architectural Narratives of Holocaust Museums

In their transformation from treasure boxes to public institutions with social and cultural roles, museums have also embraced modern architectural designs. Stephanie Shosh Rotem's book looks specif...
Reconstructing sequences from shotgun data

One method of sequencing DNA produces a linear list of bases, {A, C, G, T}, for many short overlapping fragments of the original DNA. To find the sequence of the original piece of DNA, the many fragments must be reassembled. While this problem of reassembly is similar to the NP-complete shortest common superstring problem [GMS80], we believe that biologists are actually trying to solve a simpler problem. Biologists assume that short overlaps between substrings are insignificant. Further, they assume that there is a unique string from which substrings could have been produced. We consider a reconstruction problem with these restrictions. We devise algorithms for this problem both when the overlaps must be exact and when there may be errors in the overlaps. Our algorithms are based on Rabin-Karp string matching, and on suffix arrays. We investigate the running times of our algorithms, and show that in expected case they have running times proportional to the length of the reconstructed sequence. We give the timings of some test runs and note that the suffix array algorithms seem to be faster.
Do Households Increase Their Savings When the Kids Leave Home

Much of the disagreement over whether households are adequately prepared for retirement reflects differences in assumptions regarding the extent to which consumption declines when the kids leave home. If consumption declines substantially when the kids leave home, as some life-cycle models of retirement saving assume, households need to achieve lower replacement rates in retirement and need to accumulate less wealth. Using administrative tax data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), as well as the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), this paper investigates whether household consumption declines when kids leave the home and, if so, by how much. Because consumption data are noisy and savings is the flip side of consumption, this paper examines whether savings in 401(k) plans increase when the kids leave home. The paper also investigates alternative methods of saving, including non-401(k) savings and increased mortgage payments.
Parents As First Sexuality Information Sources: Do They Make a Difference in Daughters' Sexual Attitudes and Behavior?

Using a sample of 717 never-married college women, this investigation ascertained first sources of sexuality information to determine their differential effects on future sexual attitudes and behavior. Of parents, teachers, and peers, parents were most often the first source of sexuality information for daughters. Data suggested that the variable, parents as first source, was significantly correlated with several safer sex behaviors as well as more positive sexual attitudes. While teachers, as first sexuality information sources, had the least measurable effect, peers had the most negative effect on sexual decisions.
A simple technique for the diagnosis of nonlipid histiocytosis.

Summaries of two cases of nonlipid histiocytosis (Letterer-Siwe disease) proved by biopsies of lymph node and skin are presented. A technique is described whereby the diagnosis of this disease may be aided by a touch preparation of the skin lesions. The successful use of this technique in the two cases described supports its validity.
Three-Dimensional Numerical Study of a Dual-Mode Scramjet Combustor

Numerical study is conducted to investigate a dual-mode scramjet combustor. The geometry is similar to the University of Virginia’s dual-mode combustor. The length of the combustor ducts 10 ramp heights “H”. Hydrogen, methane and ethylene are used in the current study. Fuel is injected through single unswept ramp with aspect ratio of 0.5. Predicted results of nonreacting flow as well as for reacting flow are presented. Results are obtained with a grid size of about 400,000 cells. Results of hydrogen combustion show slight difference than the other two types.
Beardedness as a factor in perceived masculinity.

Male and female students (N = 114) in introductory psychology rated pictures of bearded and nonbearded men on characteristics associated with masculinity. Bearded men were rated significantly higher on masculinity, aggressiveness, dominance, and strength. The results are discussed in light of apparently contradictory evidence which suggests that bearded men are seen as less desirable than nonbearded men.
Demonstration of increased gonadotrophic hormone production in castrated mice with intrasplenic ovarian grafts.

SummaryEvidence of an increased rate of production of gonadotrophins in castrated mice with intrasplenic ovarian grafts has been obtained by means of parabiotic experiments. The ovaries of normal mice placed in parabiosis with female littermates that had been castrated and had an ovary grafted into the spleen from 30 to 50 days previously averaged 37% heavier than the corresponding ovaries when parabolic was performed simultaneously with the other operations. The duration of parabolic ranged from 9 to 13 and from 11 to 35 days, in the 2 groups, averaging 11 days in the former and 17 days in the latter.
Prediction of Catalyst and Substrate Performance in the Enantioselective Propargylation of Aliphatic Ketones by a Multidimensional Model of Steric Effects

The effectiveness of a new asymmetric catalytic methodology is often weighed by the number of diverse substrates that undergo reaction with high enantioselectivity. Here we report a study that correlates substrate and ligand steric effects to enantioselectivity for the propargylation of aliphatic ketones. The mathematical model is shown to be highly predictive when applied to substrate/catalyst combinations outside the training set.
Agricultural interventions for improved nutrition: A review of livelihood and environmental dimensions

A diverse group of agricultural interventions aim to improve the nutritional status of women and children. These interventions range from the cultivation of bio-fortified crop varieties to home gardening to livestock intensification. We systematically review 42 evaluations of agricultural interventions for improved maternal and child nutrition. Using these evaluations, we identify three intervention typologies – Enhancement, Diversification, and Substitution – that reflect the differential impact of interventions on household livelihoods and patterns of food consumption. Our typologies allow for a nuanced approach to categorize and generalize about pathways of impact for agricultural interventions. In applying our typologies to existing evaluations, we summarize the evidence base and emphasize areas for further inquiry, particularly in terms of understanding these interventions amid complex environmental, political and economic local contexts.
Particle-induced viscous fingering

Abstract The Saffman–Taylor fingering instability arises when a less viscous fluid displaces a more viscous one inside porous media, which has been extensively studied for decades. Conversely, the invasion of a more viscous fluid into a less viscous fluid is inherently stable to interfacial instabilities. However, Tang et al. [1] first observed that the addition of particles to a viscous invading fluid can destabilize the fluid-fluid interface, even in the absence of the unstable viscosity ratio. Building on the previous observations, we experimentally characterize the particle-induced fingering patterns in a radial source flow for varying particle volume fractions and gap sizes. The onset of fingering is observed to be highly dependent on the particle volume fraction and also, to a lesser extent, on the channel gap thickness. The key physical mechanism behind this instability is the particle accumulation on the interface that stems from the shear-induced migration of particles far upstream of the interface. We model the particle-laden flow as a continuum in the quasi-steady region away from the interface, based on the suspension balance approach, and successfully validate the effects of shear-induced migration on the particle accumulation and subsequent fingering.
ADDT : An R Package for Analysis of Accelerated Destructive Degradation Test Data

Accelerated destructive degradation tests (ADDTs) are often used to collect necessary data for assessing the long-term properties of polymeric materials. Based on the data, a thermal index (TI) is estimated. The TI can be useful for material rating and comparisons. The R package ADDT provides the functionalities of performing the traditional method based on the least-squares method, the parametric method based on maximum likelihood estimation, and the semiparametric method based on spline methods for analyzing ADDT data, and then estimating the TI for polymeric materials. In this chapter, we provide a detailed introduction to the ADDT package. We provide a step-by-step illustration for the use of functions in the package. Publicly available datasets are used for illustrations.
Implications of molecular genetic diversity in myelodysplastic syndromes.

Purpose of review Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have remarkably diverse somatic mutation patterns that can be challenging to interpret clinically. Yet, genetic information is increasingly available to physicians. This review will examine several implications of genetic diversity in MDS. Recent findings Somatic mutations can serve as clinically relevant biomarkers in MDS. Molecular subtypes may exist that share clinical features including risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia, response to treatment, and overall survival. Several mutated genes are known to have prognostic value that is independent of common risk stratification tools. Mutations of several genes identify low-blast percentage patients with greater than predicted disease risk while only SF3B1 mutations predict lower disease risk than expected. Mutations of TP53 are associated with adverse features, yet demonstrate inferior outcomes than predicted by these risk factors. SF3B1 and TP53 mutations may identify clinically relevant subtypes of MDS and allow for better refinement of risk within these groups. Using somatic mutations to diagnose MDS is more challenging because they can occur in healthy individuals. Yet, patients with unexplained cytopenias have a high rate of clonal hematopoiesis that may be an important risk factor to identify clinically. Summary Patterns of somatic mutations are diverse in MDS, but can inform the prediction of prognosis and aid in its diagnosis.
Normal Modes and Coordinates

Before we present the problems in this chapter we briefly review the properties of normal modes and coordinates by stating three propositions about them.
Abstract 3367: BMP-6 regulates expression of androgen receptor via NF-κB signaling pathway and activated macrophages

Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most common non-cutaneous cancer among men in the United States (US). Recent report estimated that around 233,000 new CaP cases will be occurred in 2014 and about 29,480 men will be death because of CaP in the US. Despite recent progress in CaP treatment, metastatic CaP patients still have a poor prognosis due to the inevitable emergence of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). It has been reported that androgen hypersensitivity and tumor microenvironment were critical factors for developing CRPC. In the present study, we investigate the role of BMP-6 on androgen hypersensitivity in the context of macrophages. Initially, we co-cultured androgen responsive murine CaP cell lines TRAMP-C1 and PTEN-CaP8 with RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell lines and treated with BMP-6. We found that androgen receptor (AR) expression was increased in both cell lines by treatment of BMP-6 and BAY 11-7082 NF-κB inhibitor neutralized this augmentation. The result indicates that NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in up-regulation of AR in CaP cells. To find which NF-κB is activated, we analyzed NF-κB signaling pathway with immunoblot and found that canonical NF-κB pathway was activated in CaP cells. Cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α are potential inducer of NF-κB signaling pathway and these cytokines were up-regulated in RAW cells in our co-culture system. Based on these observations, we suggest that BMP-6 potentially regulates expression of AR in CaP cells via activated macrophages and canonical NF-κB pathway. Citation Format: Emma Wilcox, Seok Joo Kwon, Geun Taek Lee, Isaac Yi Kim. BMP-6 regulates expression of androgen receptor via NF-κB signaling pathway and activated macrophages. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3367. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3367
The impact of acid suppression medications and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on clinical and histologic features in celiac disease.

Abstract Introduction The prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in the US has increased in past decades, as has use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), histamine-2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs), aspirin (ASA) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We aimed to measure the association between medication use and distribution of villous flattening (VF) among newly diagnosed CD patients. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of adult patients with newly-diagnosed CD at two institutions. We collected data on regular use of these medications, clinical presentation, CD serologic status, and distribution of VF. We compared current ASA/NSAID users to non-users, and current PPI/H2RA users to non-users, with regard to these clinical characteristics. Results Of 148 patients with newly-diagnosed CD, current users of ASA/NSAIDs were older than non-users (47 vs 39 years, p = 0.003) and users of PPI/H2RAs were older than non-users (48 vs 39 years, p = 0.004). PPI/H2RA users comprised 12% of seropositive patients, compared to 55% of seronegative patients (p Conclusions PPI/H2RA use was associated with seronegative CD. Given the effect of these medications on gastric milieu, the impact of these drugs on presentation and course of CD deserves further investigation.
Minimally invasive hepatopancreatobiliary surgery in North America: an ACS-NSQIP analysis of predictors of conversion for laparoscopic and robotic pancreatectomy and hepatectomy.

Abstract Background Procedural conversion rates represent an important aspect of the feasibility of minimally invasive surgical (MIS) approaches. This study aimed to outline the rates and predictors of procedural completion/conversion for MIS hepatectomy and pancreatectomy. Methods All 2014 ACS-NSQIP laparoscopic and robotic hepatectomy and pancreatectomy procedures were identified and grouped into pure, open assist, or unplanned conversion to open. Risk adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were generated with completion (Pure) set as the primary outcome. Results 1667 (laparoscopic = 1360, robotic = 307) resections were captured. After risk adjustment, robotic DP was associated with similar open assist (relative risk ratio −1.9%, P = 0.602), but lower unplanned conversion (−8.2%, P = 0.004) and open assist + unplanned conversion (−10.1%, P = 0.015) compared to laparoscopic DP; while robotic PD was associated with lower open assist (−22.2%, P Conclusions The robotic approach to pancreatectomy was associated with higher rates of pure MIS completion compared to laparoscopy, whereas no difference in MIS completion rates was noted for robotic versus laparoscopic hepatectomy.
Existence of minimal and maximal solutions to RL fractional integro-differential initial value problems

In this work we investigate integro-differential initial value problems with Riemann Liouville fractional derivatives where the forcing function is a sum of an increasing function and a decreasing function. We will apply the method of lower and upper solutions and develop two monotone iterative techniques by constructing two sequences that converge uniformly and monotonically to minimal and maximal solutions. In the first theorem we will construct two natural sequences and in the second theorem we will construct two intertwined sequences. Finally, we illustrate our results with an example.
The Prevalence and Co-Occurrence of the Forms of Violence Against Women

To examine the relative risk of the multiple forms of violence against women as well as the incidence and co-occurrence rates of self-reported childhood sexual assault (CSA), childhood physical ass...
Experimental Study of Dynamic Behavior of Kevlar 49 Single Yarn

Aramid and other high strength fibers and fabrics have been studied extensively due to their application in a wide range of products such as bullet-proof vests, confinement chambers for jet engines, cut-resistant gloves et al. These applications have created a demand for numerical modeling of the fabrics and more in depth information about the behavior of fibrous materials and yarns. Manufacturers of yams usually provide quasi-static tensile strength for the single fiber form of the material. However, this information cannot be scaled up directly for a yarn consisting of many fibers. Also, the strain rate at which this information is obtained is not in the same order of magnitude as the strain rates observed in ballistic applications. In this study, Kevlar 49® single yarn was tested in tension within a strain rate range of 20 to 100 s-1 using a high speed servo-hydraulic testing system. The failure behavior of test specimen was recorded by a high speed digital camera. Results were used to investigate the strain rate effect on the dynamic material properties in terms of Young’s modulus, tensile strength, maximum strain and toughness. The dependence of dynamic material properties on the strain rate was discussed.
Sol-Gel Biosensor Applications

This chapter presents a fractal analysis for the binding of various analytes in solution to receptors encapsulated in sol–gel biosensors. The binding and the dissociation kinetics of various toxic chemicals to recombinant E. coli present in thick silica films; superoxide radical O 2 - to superoxide dismutase (SOD) plus horseradish peroxidase (HRP) plus probe (Amplex red) enclosed in sol–gels; and of cholesterol in solution to cholesterol oxidase (COX) encapsulated on a sol–gel based organic–inorganic hybrid composite material, are analyzed. The binding kinetics is adequately described by either a single- or a dual-fractal analysis and the isolated case of dissociation kinetics is adequately described by a single-fractal analysis. A double-fractal analysis is used only when a single-fractal analysis could not provide an adequate fit, which is determined by the regression analysis provided by Corel Quattro Pro 8.0. An increase in the fractal dimension value or the degree of heterogeneity on the sol–gel biosensor leads to an increase in the binding rate coefficient. For the binding of various analytes in solution to a TV1061 or to a different glass or hybrid sol–gel biosensor, the binding rate coefficients, k 1 and k 2 , for a dual-fractal analysis exhibit an increase as the fractal dimensions, D f1 and D f2 , respectively, exhibit increases. The binding rate coefficient k 1 is very sensitive to the degree of heterogeneity as it exhibits a 3.8 order of dependence on the fractal dimension D f1 . The binding rate coefficient k 2 exhibits an order of dependence between one and one and one-half (=1.310) on the fractal dimension D f2 .
Manufacturing of Shape Memory Alloys

Abstract Herein, we describe how shape memory alloys (SMAs) are manufactured. Different processes are used, and each step is crucial for the final functional properties of the device. Starting from the way of melting, based on the wanted alloy control of the chemical composition and impurities content, each preparation method affects the mechanical and thermal characteristics of the SMA product. The traditional working preparation and the thermomechanical optimization of the material are described. We concentrate our interest on the NiTi alloys and the NiTi-derived ternary systems, which are the most important SMA metallic materials. A relevant number of manufacturing processes have been developed to fulfill the applicative outlooks of these smart alloys.
Anticipating Game Changers for “Enterprise 2020” in a Digitally-Intensive World

What will be the critical game changers for the enterprise in the year 2020 in a digitally-intensive world? How will that influence the types of digital business models that successful enterprises will want to adopt? And how can we through systematic modeling and better conceptualization help enterprises better navigate through the digital business model world of 2020, and design more effective digital business models for the enterprise, the business ecosystem, and society?
‘Is It About the Bunny? No, It’s Not About the Bunny!’: David Lynch’s Fandom and Trolling of Peak TV Audiences

McAvoy explores how Twin Peaks: The Return reframes the now-dominant template for deep reading practices through collaborative online fan engagement that the original series run made possible. Where fans could originally work together to find ‘closure’ beneath the layers of television shows, this new Twin Peaks ‘trolls’ that desire, instead offering repeated scenes of anti-climactic mundanity. McAvoy argues that David Lynch’s trolling leverages disappointment and boredom into sublimity, asking viewers to explore what we most need out of television art in the digital age. In this way, Lynch is in it ‘for the lulz,’ subverting his most devoted fans’ expectations of what Twin Peaks should be and, in turn, how viewers should respond to the media oversaturation and paranoia endemic in Peak TV.
Evaluating climate change behaviors and concern in the family context

Although research suggests that family dynamics likely play a role in shaping children’s behaviors, few studies focus on environmental behaviors, and none to our knowledge investigate how parents s...
Optic flow and attention alter locomotion differently in the young and old

Abstract Background Optic flow is used in the control of walking speed and aids in navigation through space. However, the influence of attention on optic flow processing during locomotion is not known. Research Question: Does attentional focus influence the processing of optic flow during locomotion in young and older adults? Methods Auditory and visual concurrent reaction time tasks were conducted while walking on a treadmill within an anterior-posterior modulating optic flow field in young and older adults. Optic flow was generated with full field back-projected scenes shown while walking on a treadmill under three conditions: a) optic flow consistent with the treadmill speed, b) slow sinusoidal modulation of the speed (SINE), and c) reversals of optic flow velocity from congruent with walking to the opposite direction (REV). Movement in response to the scenes along with reaction times were measured. Results The optic flow perturbations altered movement on the treadmill. Older adults responded more than young adults during the slowly changing sinusoidal perturbations, but not to the rapid reversing scenes. Our main hypothesis that sensory modality of a concurrent cognitive task influences the processing of optic flow was confirmed for the reversing optic flow condition but not for the sinusoidal optic flow. The impact of optic flow conditions on reaction times was only found during the REV condition, with impact on visual RTs being greater than auditory RTs. Significance Taken together, the results suggest attentional focus on sensory modality of concurrent tasks while walking can impact optic flow processing for navigation and control; however, the characteristics of the optic flow (e.g. perturbation speed) play an important role.
The inclusion of the term ‘color’ in any racial label is racist, is it not?:

Through an examination of the term people of color, this conceptual paper illustrates how the use of historical racial labels in the US, supposedly aimed at denouncing racism, seems to reproduce th...
Follow-up of walking quality after end of growth in 28 children with bilateral cerebral palsy.

Abstract Purpose Assessment of surgical treatments on gait in patients with bilateral cerebral palsy (CP) is often performed in short-term studies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the infl...
Post-acute symptomatic seizure (PASS) clinic: A continuity of care model for patients impacted by continuous EEG monitoring

Objective We present a model for the outpatient care of patients undergoing continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) monitoring during a hospitalization, named the post-acute symptomatic seizure (PASS) clinic. We investigated whether establishing this clinic led to improved access to epileptologist care. Methods As part of the PASS clinic initiative, electronic health record (EHR) provides an automated alert to the inpatient care team discharging adults on first time antiepileptic drug (AED) after undergoing cEEG monitoring. The alert explains the rationale and facilitates scheduling for a PASS clinic appointment, three-month after discharge, along with a same-day extended (75 minutes) EEG. We compared the initial epilepsy clinic visits by patients undergoing cEEG in 2017, before ("Pre-PASS" period and cohort) and after ("PASS" period and cohort) the alert went live in the EHR. Results Of the 170 patients included, 68 (40%) suffered a seizure during the mean follow-up of 20.9 ± 10 months. AEDs were stopped or reduced in 66 out of 148 (44.6%) patients discharged on AEDs. Pre-PASS cohort included 45 patients compared to 145 patients in the PASS cohort, accounting for 5.8% and 9.9% of patients, respectively, who underwent cEEG during the corresponding periods (odds ratio [OR] = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.26-2.54, P = .001). The two cohorts did not differ in terms of electrographic or clinical seizures. The PASS cohort was significantly more likely to be followed up within 1-6 months of discharge (OR = 4.6, 95% CI = 2.1-10.1, P < .001) and have a pre-clinic EEG (51.2% vs 11.1%; OR = 8.39, 95% CI = 3.1-22.67, P < .001). Significance PASS clinic, a unique outpatient transition of care model for managing patients at risk of acute symptomatic seizure led to an almost twofold increase in access to an epileptologist. Future research should address the wide knowledge gap about the best post-hospital discharge management practices for these patients.
Automation, electrification, and shared mobility in urban freight: opportunities and challenges

Abstract Automation, electrification, and shared mobility are 3 the Revolutions (3Rs) in the passenger transport sector that have resulted in efficiency improvements, cost reductions, and low carbon emissions. Although there is interest about their implementation in freight transportation, the development of multiple 3Rs initiatives in freight represent a challenge for academics and practitioners, especially to anticipate potential obstacles in last mile operations. Consequently, this paper discusses the challenges and opportunities for the introduction of the 3Rs in the last mile. Specifically, the paper provides an overview of different technologies, at different levels of market readiness, and explores their benefits and/or unintended consequences. The main contribution of this exploratory research is informing the current state of the 3Rs and providing insights to develop policies, plans or initiatives that promote these revolutions in the urban freight system.
The Urge to Build More Intensive Care Unit Beds and Ventilators: Intuitive but Errant.

Throughout the COVID-19 crisis, much attention has been devoted to the fraught question of how to allocate intensive care unit beds and mechanical ventilators if the supply of these resources is in...
Adams, Elliot Quincy 1888–1971

Elliot Quincy Adams was an American scientist born on September 13, 1888. He was the son of Edward Perkins and Etta Medora (Elliot) Adams from Cambridge, Massachusetts. He married Jane J. Pidgeon, and they had a daughter, Dora. According to Gilbert N. Lewis (1875–1946), known for the discovery of the covalent bond and his concept of electron pairs, Lewis dot structures and other contributions to valence bond theory, “the two most profound scientific minds, among the people he had known, were those of E[lliot] Q Adams and Albert Einstein. He also mentioned he would not think Adams would do much publishing.” [1] Adams passed away in Cleveland on March 11, 1971, at the age of 82.
Extension of the Jiles-Atherton Model for Modelling the Frequency Dependence of Magnetic Characteristics of Amorphous Alloy Cores for Inductive Components of Electronic Devices

The paper presents the results of modelling the influence of magnetizing field frequency on the magnetic characteristics of Fe40Ni38Mo4B18 amorphous alloy in as-quenched state. An extension for the Jiles–Atherton model was applied and changes of the parameter k during the magnetization process were considered. On the base of the experiment, the parameters of the Jiles–Atherton model were calculated for experimental hysteresis loop. Evolutionary strategies, together with the gradient optimisation method, were used. Moreover, the changes of parameters c and a as the function of frequency of magnetizing field were also taken into consideration. Finally, the high conformity between the experimental and modelling results was achieved. This high conformity indicates that the results both create new possibilities in modelling of properties of inductive components based on the amorphous alloys, as well as extend the possibility of quantitative description of magnetization process.
Multilinear (tensor) ICA and dimensionality reduction

Multiple factors related to scene structure, illumination, and imaging contribute to image formation. Independent Components Analysis (ICA) maximizes the statistical independence of the representational components of a training image ensemble, but it cannot distinguish between these different factors, or modes. To address this problem, we introduce a nonlinear, multifactor model that generalizes ICA. Our Multilinear ICA model of image ensembles learns the statistically independent components of each of the multiple factors. We present an associated dimensionality reduction algorithm for multifactor subspace analysis. As an application, we consider the multilinear analysis of ensembles of facial images that combine several modes, including different facial geometries (people), expressions, head poses, and lighting conditions. For the purposes of face recognition, we introduce a multilinear projection algorithm that simultaneously projects an unknown test image into the multiple constituent mode spaces in order to infer its mode labels. We show that multilinear ICA computes a set of factor subspaces that yield improved recognition rates.
Soil Acidity Control under the Impact of Industrial Society

As a result of the increasing industrialization taking place world-wide, considerable concern has developed over the impact of pollutants on the health and well-being of the inhabitants of this planet. Very important amongst these pollutants are the gaseous emanations from the combustion of fossil fuels which contribute significantly to acid precipitation. In addition, certain agronomic practices such as N fertilization can impact soil acidity. Because of the potential deleterious effects which these acids may have on soils, it is important to review all steps in the process so that appropriate remedial measures may be recommended.
Protein Kinase A-mediated Phosphorylation of the Gα13 Switch I Region Alters the Gαβγ13-G Protein-coupled Receptor Complex and Inhibits Rho Activation

The present studies mapped the protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation site of Gα13 and studied the consequences of its phosphorylation. Initial experiments using purified human Gα13 and the PKA catalytic subunit established that PKA directly phosphorylates Gα13. The location of this phosphorylation site was next investigated with a new synthetic peptide (G13SRIpep) containing the PKA consensus sequence (Arg-Arg-Pro-Thr203) within the switch I region of Gα13. G13SRIpep produced a dose-dependent inhibition of PKA-mediated Gα13 phosphorylation. On the other hand, the Thr-phosphorylated derivative of G13SRIpeppossessed no inhibitory activity, suggesting that Gα13Thr203 may represent the phosphorylation site. Confirmation of this notion was obtained by showing that the Gα13-T203A mutant (in COS-7 cells) could not be phosphorylated by PKA. Additional studies using co-elution affinity chromatography and co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that Gα13 phosphorylation stabilized coupling of Gα13 with platelet thromboxane A2 receptors but destabilized coupling of Gα13 to its βγ subunits. In order to determine the functional consequences of this phosphorylation on Gα13 signaling, activation of the Rho pathway was investigated. Specifically, Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing human Gα13 wild type (Gα13-WT) or Gα13-T203A mutant were generated and assayed for Rho activation. It was found that 8-bromo-cyclic AMP caused a significant decrease (50%;p 0.4). These results therefore suggest that PKA blocks Rho activation by phosphorylation of Gα13 Thr203.
Virological and cellular roles of the transcriptional coactivator LEDGF/p75

The chromatin-associated cellular proteins LEDGF/p75 and LEDGF/p52 have been implicated in transcriptional regulation, cell survival and autoimmunity. LEDGF/p75 also appears to act as a chromatin-docking factor or receptor for HIV-1 and other lentiviruses and to play a role in leukemogenesis. For both the viral and cellular roles of this protein, a key feature is its ability to act as a molecular adaptor and tether proteins to the chromatin fiber. This chapter reviews the emerging roles of LEDGF/p75 and LEDGF/p52 in diverse cellular processes and disease states.
A MEASURE OF SUBJECTIVE HAPPINESS: PRELIMINARY RELIABILITY AND CONSTRUCT VALIDATION

Using a ''subjectivist'' approach to the assessment of happiness, a new 4-item measure of global subjective happiness was developed and validated in 14 studies with a total of 2 732 participants. Data was collected in the United States from students on two college campuses and one high school campus, from community adults in two California cities, and from older adults. Students and community adults in Moscow, Russia also participated in this research. Results indicated that the Subjective Happiness Scale has high internal consistency, which was found to be stable across samples. Test-retest and self-peer correlations suggested good to excellent reliability, and construct validation studies of convergent and discriminant validity confirmed the use of this scale to measure the construct of subjective happiness. The rationale for developing a new measure of happiness, as well as advantages of this scale, are discussed.
New and Validated Combinations in Tigridia (Iridaceae: Tigridieae)

New combinations in Tigridia Juss. for Gelasine longispatha Herb., type species of Cardiostigma Baker, and Nemastylis latifolia Weath., type species of Sessilanthera Molseed & Cruden, are here validated. In addition, the remaining species of Cardiostigma and Sessilanthera and of Colima (Ravenna) Aaron Rodr. & Ortiz-Cat. are transferred to Tigridia. The new names T. coerulea Goldblatt and T. fosteri Goldblatt are needed with the transfer of Sphenostigma hintonii R. C. Foster and C. mexicanum (R. C. Foster) Ravenna, respectively.
PRIMARY INTRALUMINAL MALIGNANT TUMOR OF THE AORTA.

Abstract A case of the only known primary malignant intraluminal tumor of the aorta (probably fibromyxosarcoma) is presented with its unique clinical and pathologic features. Surgical excision seems feasible, although it was not accomplished in this instance.
Teaching Global Perspectives through Camera Work: Naïve to Nuanced Pictures—from West Virginia University to China

A renowned photojournalist at The Washington Post and now a professor of visual communication at West Virginia University, Lois Raimondo finds fresh ways to maintain the tradition of cross-cultural exploration, immersion, and understanding she adopted as a graduate student. Much as her graduate advisor forced her to be aware of both her comforts and discomforts, her filters of awareness, and her degrees of difference as she traveled to China for the first time more than 20 years ago, Raimondo teaches her students to open their eyes, ears, and apertures to delve into the wonderful world of light and shadow where nuance plays.
Induced transcriptional profiling of phenylpropanoid pathway genes increased flavonoid and lignin content in Arabidopsis leaves in response to microbial products

The production and use of biologically derived soil additives is one of the fastest growing sectors of the fertilizer industry. These products have been shown to improve crop yields while at the same time reducing fertilizer inputs to and nutrient loss from cropland. The mechanisms driving the changes in primary productivity and soil processes are poorly understood and little is known about changes in secondary productivity associated with the use of microbial products. Here we investigate secondary metabolic responses to a biologically derived soil additive by monitoring changes in the phenlypropanoid (PP) pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. This study was designed to test the influence of one of these products (Soil Builder™-AF, SB) on secondary metabolism after being applied at different times. One time (TI) application of SB to Arabidopsis increased the accumulation of flavonoids compared to multiple (TII) applications of the same products. Fourteen phenolic compounds including flavonols and anothocyanins were identified by mass spectrometry. Kaempferol-3,7-O-bis-α-L-rhamnoside and quercetin 3,7-dirhamnoside, the major compounds, increased 3-fold and 4-fold, respectively compared to control in the TI treatment. The most abundant anthocyanin was cyanidin 3-rhamnoglucoside, which increased 3-fold and 2-fold in TI compared to the control and TII, respectively. Simultaneously, the expression of genes coding for key enzymes in the PP pathway (phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, chalcone synthase, flavonoid-3′-O-hydroxylase, flavonol synthase1 and dihydroflavonol-4-reductase) and regulatory genes (production of anthocyanin pigment2, MYB12, MYB113, MYB114, EGL3, and TT8) were up-regulated in both treatments (TI and TII). Furthermore, application of TI and TII induced expression of the lignin pathway genes (hydroxyl cinamyl transferase, caffeyl-CoA O-methyl transferase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, cinnamyl-CoA reductase, secondary wall-associated NAC domain protein1, MYB58 and MYB63 resulting in higher accumulation of lignin content compared to the control. These results indicate that the additions of microbially based soil additives have a perceptible influence on phenylpropanoid pathway gene regulation and its production of secondary metabolites. These findings open an avenue of research to investigate the mode of action of microbially-based soil additives which may assist in the sustainable production of food, feed, fuel and fiber.
A case of tetralogy of Fallot with a patent foramenovale (pentalogy) showing a marked left ventricular hypertrophy and left axis deviation

Summary The clinical and pathologic findings in a case of tetralogy of Fallot associated with patent foramen ovale are presented. It is believed that this is the first reported case of a tetralogy of Fallot with a hypertrophy of the left ventricle and a left axis deviation substantiated by autopsy.