cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Peristaltic pumping of a viscoelastic fluid at high occlusion ratios and large Weissenberg numbers

Abstract Peristaltic pumping is a mechanism for transporting fluid or immersed particles in a channel by waves of contraction. It occurs in many biological organisms as well as in several human designed systems. In this study, we investigate numerically the peristaltic pumping of an incompressible viscoelastic fluid using the simple Oldroyd-B model coupled to the Navier–Stokes equations. The pump’s walls are assumed to be massless immersed fibers whose prescribed periodic motion and flow interaction is handled with the Immersed Boundary Method. We utilize a new, highly efficient non-stiff version of this method which allows us to explore an unprecedented range of parameter regimes, nearly all possible occlusion ratios and Weissenberg numbers in excess of 100. Our numerical investigation reveals rich, highly concentrated stress structures and new, striking dynamics. The investigation also points to the limitations of the Oldroyd B model, with a potential finite time blow-up, and to the role of numerical regularization.
Diel vertical distributions of the red tide dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense in the Gulf of Maine

Abstract Two 24-h experiments, designed to test whether the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense exhibited significant changes in vertical distribution, were performed in offshore waters of the Gulf of Maine in June 2000. Standard hydrocasts with a CTD/carousel water sampler package were made hourly on-station while following a drogue set at 25 m depth. Continuous measurements of T, S, and chlorophyll fluorescence were made on each down cast, and discrete water samples were collected at 5-m intervals from 55 m depth to the surface on the up cast, for analyses of extracted phytoplankton chlorophyll, inorganic nutrients and cell densities of Alexandrium In the first experiment we observed a bimodal vertical distribution of cells, with relatively high cell densities near the surface (
Reliability of Coal Mine Roof Rating in Mining Applications

Reliable rock mass characterization is needed to design safer and more economical roof support systems of coal mines. Coal Mine Roof Rating (CMRR) index is a commonly used method by roof control engineers to characterize immediate rock units above the underground coal mines. This index ranges from 0 to 100 and was developed by studying the performance of the roofs in the Appalachian coal fields, which have typically strong roof units. Application of CMRR for weak and moisture sensitive rocks such as shale roof units in the Illinois Basin may misrepresent the rock mass. In this study, the rock laboratory test results are conducted to characterize the moisture sensitivity, axial and diametral strengths of roof units. The CMRR indexes and designed roof systems in a coal mine located in Illinois Basin will be presented. A sensitivity analysis is also performed to identify the most influential CMRR rock mass characterization parameters in weak rocks. This study shows while CMRR rock mass characterization has many advantages, it should be cautiously used for roof support design in weak and moisture sensitive roof conditions.
Utilization of Health and Safety Consulting Services of the Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation by Small Businesses

The Division of Safety and Hygiene (DSH) of the Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation (OBWC) provides health and safety consulting services to all businesses in Ohio insured by OBWC. It has been conceptualized that small companies in Ohio do not use health and safety consultative services to the same extent as non-small companies. To determine the validity of this belief, this study was conducted to analyze the records of the DSH for the years 1991-1995 in the Division's Southeast Region which contained a total of 281,041 insured companies. Of the 5977 companies utilizing the health and safety services of DSH and recording their number of employees, 65.3 percent were "small," defined as any company with less than 20 employees. Specific services used by businesses included industrial hygiene (small, 3.4% vs. non-small, 6.4%), ergonomics (0.7% vs. 2.8%), engineering such as ventilation or machine guarding (0.6% vs. 1.7%), construction safety (26.7% vs. 3.9%), and general safety such as implementing a safety ...
Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Patients on Coumadin for Atrial Fibrillation Experience More Adverse Events with Clopidogrel or Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: Heart failure (HF) patients who develop Atrial Fibrillation (AF) are at an increased risk for adverse events. When these patients also have coronary disease (CAD), dual antiplatelet therapy may increase the risk of bleeding. We hypothesized that HF patients with CAD who develop AF will have worse outcomes when antiplatelet therapy is added to warfarin or if these patients have percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which also requires antiplatelet therapy. Method: This was a retrospective review of 255 HF patients with CAD and AF who were placed on warfarin. Our primary outcomes were time to death and time to first adverse event (myocardial infraction, stroke, pulmonary embolism or death) after the development of AF. Results: Cox analysis demonstrated that a history of PCI was associated with a higher hazard of death and clopidogrel use was associated with a higher hazard of an adverse event (Figure 1). Multivariable models identified that sotalol use increased the risk of death (HR 1.85, CI 1.1-3.1) and that end-stage renal disease (HR 1.8, CI 1.04-2.46) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR 1.5, CI 1.16-2.8) were predictors for an adverse event. Conclusion: HF patients with CAD complicated by AF who had PCI or used clopidogrel were more likely to experience death or to have an adverse event, respectively. These outcomes were likely related to an increased risk of bleeding.
A technique for identifying the roots of different species in mixed samples using nuclear ribosomal DNA

Abstract Question: Is it possible to determine the species composition of root samples containing multiple species, without first disentangling individual roots? Methods: The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA was amplified and sequenced from four California annual grassland species (two Poaceae and two Asteraceae). Restriction enzymes that cut the ITS region of each species into uniquely sized fragments were identified based on DNA sequence variation of the ITS regions. Mixed root samples were analysed to test the ability of the method to identify the presence or absence of each species in multi-species samples. Results: The technique successfully identified species present in multi-species samples. ITS regions were shorter in Poaceae than in Asteraceae, so size differences alone were sufficient to distinguish these taxonomic groups. At the species level, digestion of ITS regions with the appropriate restriction enzymes yielded at least one uniquely sized fragment for each ...
Mid-frequency sensorineural hearing loss: aetiology and prognosis.

Objectives: An audiometric finding of mid-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (MFSNHL), or a U-shaped pattern, is uncommon. The objective of this study is to investigate the aetiology and prognostic significance of MFSNHL.Design: Tertiary academic referral centre-based retrospective case review and review of audiograms to determine the prevalence of this audiometric finding.Methods: Patients with a pure tone threshold average at 1, 2, and 4 kHz at least 10 dB greater than the average at 0.5 and 8 kHz were included in this study; 35 patients met these criteria. The mean age of the patients was 34.6 years old (range 4–71 years). Twelve patients (33 per cent) were under 18 years of age. Serial audiograms were obtained for 14 patients. The notes were reviewed for any pertinent otologic history, subsequent diagnoses, management and disease course.Results: The prevalence of MFSNHL in this practice setting is less than 1 per cent. The average hearing threshold in the mid-frequencies was 44 dB, which was 17 dB and 20 dB lower than at 0.5 Hz and 8 kHz, respectively. The pure tone average (0.5, 1, 2 kHz) was 40 dB. Sixteen patients (44 per cent) required amplification. Of all patients, 22 had hereditary hearing loss, eight had idiopathic hearing loss, and five adults had vestibular schwannomas.Conclusions: MFSNHL is an infrequent audiometric finding. The great majority of these cases are of presumed hereditary or idiopathic aetiology, although 22 per cent of adults had vestibular schwannomas. This series presents the causes and prognosis of this audiometric pattern.
Thyroid-specific knockout of the tumor suppressor mitogen-inducible gene 6 activates epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathways and suppresses nuclear factor-κB activity.

Background Mitogen-inducible gene 6 (Mig-6) is a putative tumor suppressor gene and prognostic biomarker in papillary thyroid cancer. We hypothesized that Mig-6 knockout would activate pro-oncogenic signaling in mouse thyrocytes. Methods We performed a thyroid-specific knockout using the Cre/ loxP recombinase system. Results Four knockout and 4 control mouse thyroids were harvested at 2 months of age. Immunoblotting confirmed Mig-6 ablation in knockout mice thyrocytes. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation levels were increased in Mig-6 knockout compared to wild-type mice. Total EGFR levels were similar in knockout and wild-type mice. However, EGFR was absent in the caveolae-containing membrane fraction of knockout mice, indicating that Mig-6 depletion is associated with a change in the membrane distribution of EGFR. Although p65 localized to the nucleus in wild-type mice, it was distributed in both cytoplasm and nucleus in knockouts, suggesting that Mig-6 loss decreases p65 activity. Conclusion Our results confirm the feasibility of targeted, thyroid-specific gene knockout as a strategy for studying the relevance of specific genes in thyroid oncogenesis. We suggest that the loss of Mig-6 alters the membrane distribution of EGFR, which may limit receptor degradation and activate this oncogenic signaling pathway.
Nonlinear Spatio-Temporal Propagation of (2+1)-D Solitary Waves

Stable numerical propagation of a (2+1)-D spatio-temporal solitary wave is presented which includes the higher-order effects of third-order dispersion, space-time focusing, optical shock, Raman scattering, and ultrafast index saturation
Dynamic development of the pancreas from birth to adulthood

After birth the endocrine pancreas continues its development, a complex process that involves both the maturation of islet cells and a marked expansion of their numbers. New beta cells are formed both by duplication of pre-existing cells and by new differentiation (neogenesis) across the first postnatal weeks, with the result of beta cells of different stages of maturation even after weaning. Improving our understanding of this period of beta cell expansion could provide valuable therapeutic insights.
Effect of Sprint Running on the pH of Venous Blood

Severe exercise which taxes the human organism to its limits has been shown to produce very profound changes in the blood. In these preliminary experiments, venous blood from 3 runners was obtained. As soon as possible after the run, blood from arm veins was drawn without CO2 loss into syringes containing carefully neutralized potassium oxalate. The syringes were iced and immediately transported to the laboratory where the pH of the whole blood was determined at 38° C. with a glass electrode. The exercise consisted of running 440 and 880 yds. without competition. The runners were in different states of training, but the small number of determinations does not justify an attempt to correlate change in blood pH and muscular ability. The chief interest is that these pH values of blood after such severe exercise are probably some of the most acid ever obtained in normal subjects.Great difficulties were encountered in drawing blood samples immediately after the exercise, due to almost total absence of skin blo...
Quantum Phenomena in Structural Glasses: The Intrinsic Origin of Electronic and Cryogenic Anomalies

The structural glass transition is often regarded as purely a problem of the classical theory of liquids. The dynamics of electrons enters only implicitly, through the interactions between ionic cores or molecules. Likewise, zero-point effects tied to the atomic masses hardly affect the typical barriers for liquid rearrangements. Yet, glasses do exhibit many quantum phenomena—electronic, optical, and cryogenic peculiarities that seem to have universal characteristics. These anomalies of the glassy state are uncommon or strongly system dependent in crystals and amorphous solids not made by a quasi-equilibrium quench of a melt. These clearly quantum phenomena include midgap electronic states in amorphous semiconductors, the two-level systems, and the Boson peak. Here, we discuss how these quantum phenomena found in glasses are not merely consequences of any kind of disorder but have universal characteristics stemming from the structural dynamics inherent in the glass transition itself. The quantum dynamics ...
‘Conversion of the Barbarians’ [Huahu ] Discourse as Proto Han Nationalism

In the early medieval period, many Chinese viewed the growing popularity of Buddhism, and the rapid integration of Buddhism into Chinese religious life, as a challenge to their own civilisation. A major aspect of the resistance to the growing dominance of Buddhism was a discourse known as the ‘conversion of the barbarians’. This basic narrative of this discourse claimed that Laozi had journeyed west to India where he either became the Buddha or taught the Buddha. This discourse, which was elaborated in several Daoist texts into complex cosmological and mytho-historical narratives thus asserted the primacy of Daoism and relegated Buddhism to a secondary teaching, inferior to Daoism, suitable for ‘barbarians’ but not for Chinese. This article discusses the development of this discourse, focusing on texts written by Daoists during the fifth century when this discourse was particularly vehement. In this article I will show that this discourse was not merely resistant to Buddhism, but was also critical of vari...
John Locke and the Freedom of Belief

In 1686 William Penn gave John Locke a copy of Penn's "Frame of Government for Pennsylvania," a constitution he had drafted hoping to establish Pennsylvania as a Christian utopia, but which the residents of the commonwealth had rejected four years earlier, to Penn's consternation. Locke did not find much to like in it either. One intriguing proposal it contained was a provision to "erect and order all public schools." Although Locke was interested in education—indeed during that very year he was advising friends on how to educate their son, advice he would later publish as popular thoughts on the subject—his reaction to that proposal could not have been more negative. Public education, he wrote in his journal, is the "surest check upon liberty of conscience, suppressing all displeasing opinions in the bud."1 Today this sentiment probably seems absurd to many, especially considering the educational system in the United States. Public education is an important means for acquiring skills necessary not only for participation in our society but also for practicing true freedom of belief, since such freedom is hindered by ignorance and superstition, or so it is often thought. Aside from the question of whether public schools typically replace some superstitions with others, this author suggests there is reason to question the claim that the United States' form of funding education, in which so-called "public" schools enjoy a nearly exclusive control over public funds earmarked for education, is necessary, or even the best means, to achieve the ends for which compulsory education does seem necessary. The harm principle can be invoked to justify compulsory education. It requires further argument, however, to show that the United States' system of funding public education is the best and most just. In the United States, one public school system serves each educational district, funded by government at various levels, which is supposed to be sufficient for everyone regardless of race, religion, or creed;
An assessment of mercury in estuarine sediment and tissue in Southern New Jersey using public domain data

Abstract Mercury (Hg) is considered a contaminant of global concern for coastal environments due to its toxicity, widespread occurrence in sediment, and bioaccumulation in tissue. Coastal New Jersey, USA, is characterized by shallow bays and wetlands that provide critical habitat for wildlife but share space with expanding urban landscapes. This study was designed as an assessment of the magnitude and distribution of Hg in coastal New Jersey sediments and critical species using publicly available data to highlight potential data gaps. Mercury concentrations in estuary sediments can exceed 2 μg/g and correlate with concentrations of other metals. Based on existing data, the concentrations of Hg in mussels in southern New Jersey are comparable to those observed in other urbanized Atlantic Coast estuaries. Lack of methylmercury data for sediments, other media, and tissues are data gaps needing to be filled for a clearer understanding of the impacts of Hg inputs to the ecosystem.
The Performance Improvement Mechanism for Multi-National Corporations' New Product Development in China

This paper investigates the performance improvement mechanism of MNCs'(MultiNational Corporations) new product development based on the organizational,process,and product analysis levels in China.Using the 165 questionnaires,we employ factor analysis,path analysis and structural equation model to test hypothesis.The results show the driven effects of organizational learning,knowledge transfer,process innovation and their dynamic fit mechanism to the new product competitive advantage,management performance and financial performance of the MNCs.Finally,we close the article by discuss its theoretical contributions,managerial implications,limitations and directions for future research.
The Study of the Psychological Crisis of Enterprise Employee——Case Study of FSK

Three major factors,namely,Foxconn's management policies,Chinese media's reports on the Foxconn suicides,and the rural-urban household registration system in China,have contributed to Foxconn's series of suicides.First,Foxconn's military-like management policies on assembly lines and campus life increase the sense of alienation,isolation,and deprivation,which increases the state of egoism-anomie.The state of egoism-anomie increases the likelihood of suicides.Second,the high publicity of Foxconn's suicides contributes to an increased likelihood of subsequent suicides in Foxconn by provoking potential imitative suicides.Third,the constraints imposed on the rural migrant workers by the household registration system limit Foxconn workers' choices.
Mass Lawsuits and the Aggregate Settlement Rule

This Article, which was prepared for the Wake Forest Law Review's 1997 symposium on "Legal Professionalism," presents the first sustained scholarly analysis of the operation in mass litigation of the "aggregate settlement rule" (e.g., state equivalents of ABA Model Rule 1.8(g)). Our thesis is that clients and their lawyers should be permitted to agree on alternatives to the disclosure and consent requirements set out in the Rule. Part I describes the basic economic structure of group lawsuits and discusses the incentives parties have to sue in groups. Part II models the allocation conflict that arises whenever lawyers negotiate settlement on behalf of multiple clients, and considers how well the existing Rule constrains these allocation conflicts. Part III briefly describes four problems sometimes caused by the Rule: invasions of client privacy; inability of settling plaintiffs to offer defendants complete freedom from litigation; expense and delay in settlement negotiations; and strategic behavior by group members that frustrates global settlements. Part IV argues that the Rule should be amended to permit alternative private orderings when clients and their lawyers consider them appropriate.
The Mathematics of Symmetry: Group Theory

The conceptual approach to symmetry, which is the subject of Chapters 8–10, is the best approach for understanding the concepts involved in symmetry and the significance of symmetry in science. (The reader choosing the “concept” track will have finished reading those chapters at this point.) Such understanding is, indeed, very important.
Vitamin A-retinoid signaling in pulmonary development and disease

Retinoic acid (RA), the active form of vitamin A, regulates key developmental processes in multiple organs. In the developing lung, RA is crucial for normal growth and differentiation of airways. Disruption in RA signaling or vitamin A deficiency (VAD) has been linked to aberrant development of the lung including alterations in the airway smooth muscle (SM) differentiation, development, and function. These alterations have been linked to disease states including asthma in both human and animal models.
Anodic Oxidation of Molecular Hydrogen at Low Temperatures

The net reactions for the H2 oxidation in acid and alkaline electrolytes are: $$\frac{1}{2}{{\text{H}}_{2}}={{\text{H}}^{+}}+{{\text{e}}^{-}}$$ (1) , $$\frac{1}{2}{{\text{H}}_{2}}+\text{O}{{\text{H}}^{-}}={{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{O+}{{\text{e}}^{-}}$$ (2) . Noble metals and some of their alloys are materials that offer sufficient resistance to corrosion in acid media and are good electrocatalysts at the same time. The mechanism of the anodic H2 oxidation is discussed for noble metals and their alloys in section 1 of this chapter. The conclusions derived for acid solutions can be easily transferred to alkaline electrolytes since mass transport processes are rate-determining under regular conditions. Less expensive nickel electrodes perform satisfactorily in alkaline solutions. Section 2 deals with studies of the H2 oxidation on different types of nickel electrodes. Results of studies of the H2 oxidation at platinum in contact with an ion exchange membrane are described in section 3.
High-capacity zinc-ion storage in an open-tunnel oxide for aqueous and nonaqueous Zn-ion batteries

Zinc-based rechargeable batteries with two-electron transfer are promising for large-scale energy storage systems. However, the use of zinc metal in practical cells has been challenging due to the formation of Zn dendrites, which could lead to unreliable electrochemical performance and safety issues. To overcome this problem, we present a high-capacity zinc-insertion-compound anode ZnxMo2.5+yVO9+z by inserting Zn2+ into an open-tunnel oxide host with a novel chemical Zn-insertion technique. The ultrafast chemical Zn-insertion is performed in ambient atmosphere with diethylene glycol (DEG) and zinc acetate (Zn(CH3COO)2) within 30 min. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Zn-containing insertion anode ever reported. ZnxMo2.5+yVO9+z can be used as an anode in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes for Zn-based batteries, with a capacity as high as 220 mA h g−1.
Verallgemeinerungen der Dirichlet-Faltung

Sei K eine komplexwertige Funktion, die auf der Menge der geordneten Paare \((n,d)\) naturlicher Zahlen mit \(d\mid n\) definiert ist. Sind f und g arithmetische Funktionen, dann wird deren K -Faltung, symbolisch \(f\ast_{K}g\), durch $$\displaystyle(f\ast_{K}g)(n):=\sum\limits_{d\mid n}{K(n,d)\,f(d)\,g\left(\frac{n}{d}\right)}$$ erklart. Beispielsweise ergibt sich mit \(K(n,d):=1\) fur jedes n, die Dirichlet-Faltung \(f\ast g\).
DEK associates with tumor stage and outcome in HPV16 positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

// Eric A. Smith 1, * , Bhavna Kumar 2, 3, * , Kakajan Komurov 1 , Stephen M. Smith 4 , Nicole V. Brown 5 , Songzhu Zhao 5 , Pawan Kumar 2, 3 , Theodoros N. Teknos 2, 3 , Susanne I. Wells 1 1 Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA 2 Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA 3 The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 4 Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA 5 Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA * Co-first author Correspondence to: Susanne I. Wells, email: Susanne.Wells@cchmc.org Theodoros N. Teknos, email: ted.teknos@osumc.edu Keywords: DEK, oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, human papillomavirus, IL6, p16 Received: July 18, 2016 Accepted: February 12, 2017 Published: February 21, 2017 ABSTRACT Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) are common, have poor outcomes, and comprise two biologically and clinically distinct diseases. While OPSCC that arise from human papillomavirus infections (HPV+) have better overall survival than their HPV- counterparts, the incidence of HPV+ OPSCC is increasing dramatically, affecting younger individuals which are often left with life-long co-morbidities from aggressive treatment. To identify patients which do poorly versus those who might benefit from milder regimens, risk-stratifying biomarkers are now needed within this population. One potential marker is the DEK oncoprotein, whose transcriptional upregulation in most malignancies is associated with chemotherapy resistance, advanced tumor stage, and worse outcomes. Herein, a retrospective case study was performed on DEK protein expression in therapy-naive surgical resections from 194 OPSCC patients. We found that DEK was associated with advanced tumor stage, increased hazard of death, and interleukin IL6 expression in HPV16+ disease. Surprisingly, DEK levels in HPV16- OPSCC were not associated with advanced tumor stage or increased hazard of death. Overall, these findings mark HPV16- OPSCC as an exceptional malignancy were DEK expression does not correlate with outcome, and support the potential prognostic utility of DEK to identify aggressive HPV16+ disease.
A Leadership Training Group for at Risk Fifth & Seventh Graders: Results from A Brief Strength-Based Group Program

An increasing number of youth are exhibiting social, emotional, and behavioral problems that hinder their ability to function at grade level. Subsequently, school mental health services have not been able to address the need for services particularly among students who are minority and poor. A mixed methodology study was conducted to determine the treatment outcomes from a brief strength-based leadership training group for primarily students who are African American and poor. Pre–post scores on three scales and focus group data revealed significant positive changes in regard to internal areas of functioning and social skills, anger management skills, and school attitude. Gender and age significantly impacted outcomes.
Comprehensive characterization of PVDF-TrFE thin films for microelectromechanical system applications

This paper presents a comprehensive characterization of a polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) thin film with 75/25 molar ratio for piezoelectric MEMS applications. PVDF-TrFE film was deposited on a silicon substrate using spin coating, and electrodes were formed using sputtering. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor were measured at different frequencies. Frequency and temperature dependence of the ferroelectric response was examined to investigate required poling conditions and maximum operating temperature. The lower limit for the coercive field was measured as 55 V/μm at room temperature. Coercive field decreased with temperature with a slope of −0.1 V/μm K, and ferroelectric to paraelectric transition occurred between 100 and 108 °C. Piezoelectric displacement measurements were performed using an atomic force microscope based method. Average value of the effective piezoelectric d33 coefficient was measured as −23.9 pm/V. No degradation was observed in this value after 2 × 105 unipolar excitation cycles. On the other hand, significant fatigue was observed in the piezoelectric response due to polarization switching; 1.8 × 105 cycles caused an average reduction of 33% in the effective d33. Presented data corroborates with the previous studies in the literature and can be used in the design of PVDF-TrFE based MEMS devices utilizing its dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties.
Surgical Unroofing for Anomalous Aortic Origin of Coronary Arteries

Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) from an opposite sinus of Valsalva is an uncommon congenital defect that is typically only discovered on cardiac catheterization or on autopsy following sudden cardiac death. Conjectured mechanisms for the ischemia are generally believed to relate to the unique and easily obstructed geometry of the coronary ostium and the stenotic intramural coronary segment. Given the potentially devastating consequences of not repairing an AAOCA—that is, sudden cardiac death—these patients should undergo repair of the anomaly when it is discovered. Multiple options for surgically correcting the AAOCA have been developed, and the most used approaches include coronary artery bypass grafting, coronary reimplantation, and unroofing of the intramural segment. Here we present the technique for surgical unroofing of the intramural segment of an anomalous coronary artery of aortic origin.
Discovery of functional interactions among actin regulators by analysis of image fluctuations in an unperturbed motile cell system.

Cell migration is driven by propulsive forces derived from polymerizing actin that pushes and extends the plasma membrane. The underlying actin network is constantly undergoing adaptation to new me...
Glory and identity in Pindar's Nemean 10

The theme of “identity” in Pindar's Nemean 10 has been overlooked by scholars who have referred, especially, to the topics of friendship, loyalty and communication between men and god as essential topics of this Ode. This paper underlines the importance of the theme of “identity” in PindarÂ´s Nemean 10. In this Ode, Pindar emphasizes that the innate traits and tradition that constitute the identity of a person or city are the result, not only of heritage, but also of the personal choices made in relation with other men and the gods. It also highlights the intervention of the gods in defining the identity of a person or city and in granting glory and immortality.
Device solutions to scientific computing

A memristor-based system can solve partial differential equations with better energy efficiency than methods based on conventional computers.
RePlAce: Advancing Solution Quality and Routability Validation in Global Placement

The Nesterov’s method approach to analytic placement has recently demonstrated strong solution quality and scalability. We dissect the previous implementation strategy and show that solution quality can be significantly improved using two levers: 1) constraint-oriented local smoothing and 2) dynamic step size adaptation. We propose a new density function that comprehends local overflow of area resources; this enables a constraint-oriented local smoothing at per-bin granularity. Our improved dynamic step size adaptation automatically determines step size and effectively allocates optimization effort to significantly improve solution quality without undue runtime impact. Our resulting global placement tool, RePlAce, achieves an average of 2.00% half-perimeter wirelength (HPWL) reduction over all best known ISPD-2005 and ISPD-2006 benchmark results, and an average of 2.73% over all best known modern mixed-size (MMS) benchmark results, without any benchmark-specific code or tuning. We further extend our global placer to address routability, and achieve on average 8.50%–9.59% scaled HPWL reduction over previous leading academic placers for the DAC-2012 and ICCAD-2012 benchmark suites. To our knowledge, RePlAce is the first work to achieve superior solution quality across all the ISPD-2005, ISPD-2006, MMS, DAC-2012, and ICCAD-2012 benchmark suites with a single global placement engine.
Inclusion of Cold Load Pickup Events in Reliability Calculation for Residential Power Distribution Systems

Residential power distribution systems are subjected to cold load pickup failures after extended outages due to the presence of high number of thermostatically-controlled loads. This event can cause protection devices activation and consequently a restoration failure. Also, this event can cause electrical equipment such as transformer to be overloaded. The cold load pickup is usually not included in the reliability evaluation of power systems. This paper presents a method to model the residential load points with high concentration of thermostatic loads. This model depends on the ambient temperature and stochastic customer lifestyle as Monte Carlo sampling method used to randomly obtained the operation status of every device in every hour. This model, along with the outage duration effect, was then used to calculate the load pickup occurrence rate in residential loads and the effect of such an event in the reliability calculation of power distribution system. A simple test radial system was used to compute the system and load reliability indices with and without consideration of the cold load pickup events. Sequential Monte Carlo simulation was used in this reliability analysis.
The Association of Mid- and Late-Life Systemic Inflammation with Brain Amyloid Deposition: The ARIC-PET Study.

BACKGROUND Although inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, the effects of systemic inflammation on brain amyloid deposition remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We examined the association of midlife and late-life systemic inflammation with late-life brain amyloid levels in a community sample of non-demented older adults from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) - PET Study. METHODS 339 non-demented participants (age: 75 [SD 5]) were recruited from the ARIC Study to undergo florbetapir PET (amyloid) imaging. Blood levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, were measured 22 years (Visit 2), 16 years (Visit 4), and up to 2 years before PET imaging (Visit 5). Elevated brain amyloid deposition (standardized uptake value ratio >1.2) was the primary outcome. RESULTS Our primary analyses found no association of midlife and late-life CRP with late-life brain amyloid levels. However, in secondary stratified analyses, we found that higher midlife (Visit 2) CRP was associated with elevated amyloid among males (OR 1.65, 95% CI: 1.13-2.42), and among white (OR 1.33, 95% CI: 1.02-1.75), but not African American, participants (p-interactions<0.05). Among male participants, those who maintained high CRP levels (≥3 mg/L) throughout mid- and late-life were most likely to have elevated brain amyloid (OR, 8.81; 95% CI: 1.23, 62.91). CONCLUSIONS Although our primary analysis does not support an association between systemic inflammation and brain amyloid deposition, we found evidence for sex- and race-dependent associations. However, findings from subgroup analyses should be interpreted with caution.
Association of bone mineral density with hemoglobin and change in hemoglobin among older men and women: The Cardiovascular Health Study.

Abstract Purpose Osteoblasts and their precursors support hematopoiesis in the bone marrow. We hypothesized that declines in Hgb levels are associated with bone mineral density (BMD). Methods The Cardiovascular Health Study is a prospective longitudinal study that enrolled 5888 community-dwelling adults aged >65 years and measured hemoglobin twice, in 1989–90 and 1992–93, as well as BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 1994–95. In a subset of 1513 men and women with a Hgb in 1992–93 and BMD, we used linear regression to estimate associations of Hgb (per standard deviation (SD)) with total hip (TH), lumbar spine (LS) and total body (TB) BMD, and used Poisson regression to estimate associations of anemia (in 1992–93; Hgb Results No significant association was observed between Hgb, measured a mean 2.2 years prior to BMD, and BMD at the TH and LS in men (TH beta = −0.60 [x 10−2 g/cm2per 1.1 g/dL Hgb], 95% CI: -1.88 to 0.68; LS beta = −1.69, 95% CI: -3.83 to 0.45) or women (TH beta = −0.49 [x 10−2 g/cm2per 1.3 g/dL Hgb], 95% CI: -1.57 to 0.59; LS beta = −0.40, 95% CI: -2.57 to 1.76). Anemia was not observed to be significantly associated with low BMD in men (RR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.72–1.40) nor women (RR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.82–1.17). The mean change in Hgb was a loss of 0.06 g/dL/year (SD = 0.32). Change in Hgb was not observed to be significantly associated with BMD in men (TH beta = −0.55[x 10−2 g/cm2per 1 g/dL annualized Hgb change], 95% CI: -4.28 to 3.19; LS beta = 0.63, 95% CI: -5.38 to 6.65) or women (TH beta = 0.92, 95% CI: -1.96 to 3.79; LS beta = −1.77, 95% CI: -7.52 to 3.98). No significant association was observed between anemia and low bone density by T-score in men and women. Conclusions These findings support neither the hypothesis that low Hgb prior to bone density or decreases in Hgb are associated with bone density in older community-dwelling adults nor the use of Hgb level as a case-finding tool to prompt BMD measurement.
Intimate Partner Violence, Suicide, and Their Overlapping Risk in Women Veterans: A Review of the Literature

Introduction Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) and intimate partner violence (IPV) are both serious and prevalent problems in the Veteran population that often occur in tandem, particularly among women Veterans. Women Veterans, the fastest growing segment of the Veteran population, may have unique overlapping risks that are worth exploring. Although the intersection of IPV and STB is well documented in the civilian population, it has not been thoroughly explored in women Veterans. Materials and methods Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, we conducted a systematic review of the STB and IPV literature specifically related to women Veterans. We only included articles that sampled women Veterans, rather than active duty/reservist/National Guard women; due to the small volume of STB research using samples of only women Veterans, we included studies that used mixed-gender samples. We extracted risk factors for STB and/or IPV involvement from 56 selected articles and placed them into tables for comparison to determine commonalities. Results Common risk factors fell into three categories: socio-demographic risk factors (young age, unemployment, and sexual minority status) were significant across both bodies of literature; mental health risk factors (general psychopathology, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, sleep disturbance, and substance use/abuse) also had significant overlap; and military service-related risk factors (military sexual trauma (MST) and deployment factors) were also relevant across both bodies of literature. Mental health risk factors, particularly PTSD, were the most common. Conclusion Frequently, the risk factors for IPV and STB are shared and it is important to consider how research, screening and intervention efforts for these serious problems might be integrated. Our exploration of the literature may be used as a basis for future research with women Veterans on the intersection of STB and IPV. Further, Veterans Health Administration clinicians should be aware of these intersecting risk factors to enhance care and improve screening for both issues in women Veteran clients.
Cell aggregation and aerobic respiration facilitate survival of Zymomonas mobilis ZM4 in an aerobic minimal medium

Zymomonas mobilis produces ethanol from glucose near the theoretical maximum yield, making it a potential alternative to yeast for industrial ethanol production. A potentially useful industrial feature is the ability to form multicellular aggregates called flocs, which can settle quickly and exhibit higher resistance to harmful chemicals. While spontaneous floc-forming Z. mobilis mutants have been described, little is known about the natural conditions that induce Z. mobilis floc formation and the genetic factors involved. Here we found that wild-type Z. mobilis forms flocs in response to aerobic growth conditions but only in a minimal medium. We identified a cellulose synthase gene cluster and a single diguanylate cyclase that are essential for both floc formation and survival in an aerobic minimal medium. We also found that NADH dehydrogenase 2, a key component of the aerobic respiratory chain, is important for survival in an aerobic minimal medium, providing a physiological role for this enzyme which has previously been found to be disadvantageous in aerobic rich media. Supplementation of the minimal medium with vitamins also promoted survival but did not inhibit floc formation.
Simulation of the Convective Heat Exchange in the Spherical Layer of an Electrically Conducting Liquid

Results of numerical simulation of the convective heat exchange in the electrically conducting liquid flowing in the space between two concentric isothermal spheres are presented. The influence of the Joule heat dissipation, the electromagnetic forces, and the Grashof number on the structure of the liquid flow, its temperature and magnetic-induction fields, and the distribution of Nusselt numbers in it was investigated.
Trauma, Power, and Intimate Relationships Among Women in Prison:

The present study, which included four focus groups of women (n = 21) in four New England prisons, aimed to understand how power impacted women’s relationships, exposure to violence, and health. Wo...
Rethinking Roles: Librarians and Faculty Collaborate to Develop Studentsâ Information Literacy

Librarians at Westminster College developed and implemented a yearlong faculty and staff professional development experience using ACRLâs âInformation Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Educationâ as a framework. Traditionally, fostering student mastery of selected standards is perceived as the librariansâ job while other standards are thought to fall primarily under the purview of the teaching faculty. In particular, librarians are hesitant to address some of the more complex learning outcomes in standards three and four, such as the studentsâ ability to synthesize and use information to develop new knowledge. These information literacy components fall into a no manâs land between the generally accepted roles for librarians and teaching faculty. This article describes the experience of librarians at Westminster College leading a faculty and staff Learning Community that addressed these information literacy elements. We share our observations and insights along with the readings and activities that made up the syllabus for the Learning Community.
Insect venom peptides as potent inhibitors of Escherichia coli ATP synthase

Abstract Insect venom peptides (IVPs) eumenitin, lasiocepsin, lycosin1, mastoparanB, panurgine1, and protonectin possess antibacterial properties, and the ubiquitous enzyme ATP synthase has a peptide-binding site. In the present study, we studied the effect of IVPs on binding and inhibition of three Escherichia coli strains (wild type, mutant, and null) and isolated E. coli ATP synthase. IVPs and their C-terminal amide (–NH2) analogs caused variable inhibition of membrane-bound F1Fo ATP synthase. While wild type E. coli growth was substantially hampered, null E. coli growth was near normal in the presence of IVPs and their C-terminal–NH2 analogs. The presence of C-terminal–NH2 groups on IVPs resulted in increased inhibition of ATP synthase and reduced growth of E. coli strains. Insignificant inhibition of the βDELSEED-motif mutant enzyme with the βAAAAAAA-motif confirmed that IVPs interact with the βDELSEED-motif, also known as the peptide-binding site. The higher level of growth loss in E. coli strains by eumenitin, lasiocepsin, lycosin1, mastoparanB, panurgine1, and protonectin and their C-terminal–NH2 analogs suggested the likelihood of additional cellular or molecular targets. IVPs caused inhibition of E. coli strains, which demonstrates an association between antimicrobial traits of IVPs and bacterial ATP synthase.
Behavioral Analysis of System Call Sequences Using LSTM Seq-Seq, Cosine Similarity and Jaccard Similarity for Real-Time Anomaly Detection

With the advent of technology, sophisticated malware presents a significant threat to computer security. In this work, we propose anomaly detection techniques that learn three different behaviors of windows system-call sequences. We apply Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM) for temporal behavior, Cosine Similarity for frequency distribution behavior, and Jaccard Similarity for commonality behavior. The proposed framework monitors the processes in a hypervisor-based environment to detect compromised virtual machines. System call sequences of normal processes and malware-infected processes were extracted with memory forensic techniques. Our proposed anomaly detection techniques were able to learn the above three behavior of the system call sequences with 99% accuracy.
Doing Murga, Undoing Gender: Feminist Carnival in Argentina:

Murga portena, the satirical street theatre tradition associated with Carnival in Buenos Aires, Argentina, is historically a strongly patriarchal institution. Prominent roles such as reciting poetr...
Improving Efficiency of Caregiver Tracheostomy Education for Children

Background: Caregiver education and training for children with tracheostomies is multi-faceted and complex. The process can be lengthy as there are many aspects of care that must be learned, practiced and demonstrated proficiently before discharge home can occur. The process is generally longer for children requiring a home ventilator due to additional training needs. There are on average 20-25 new tracheostomies performed per year at our pediatric institution. The caregiver tracheostomy education process is managed by dedicated respiratory therapists. Changes in documentation and communication were made to the education process in efforts to improve efficiency and reduce the time to complete training as part of an institutional quality improvement program. Methods: A tracheostomy list was created within the electronic medical record (EMR) system to identify all inpatients with a tracheostomy. Communication of training status was documented in the treatment team section of the EMR. Education record documentation was revised for tracheostomy teaching specific points. The length of time between the tracheostomy class and completed training was compared before and after the process changes. Inclusion criteria were children who had a tracheostomy placed during July 2017 – January 2019 and whose caregivers received training. Children who had not yet discharged were excluded. Results: There were 38 children for whom caregiver tracheostomy education was completed during the defined timeframe. Three were excluded due to ongoing hospitalization. Of the remaining 35 children, 21 (13 ventilated, 8 non-ventilated) received education before changes were implemented and 14 (9 ventilated, 5 non-ventilated) afterwards. The length of time to complete education was reduced for both ventilated and non-ventilated children. See table. Time from completed training to discharge was relatively unchanged. Conclusions: Improvements in treatment team communication and EMR documentation were effective in reducing the time to complete caregiver tracheostomy education. Time to discharge can be influenced by many factors not related to the training process. However, completing the training sooner may allow the opportunity for more time to practice skills before discharge.