cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The female carrier of haemophilia — a problem for the anaesthetist

Three case histories reflect the difficulties of pre-operative assessment and management of female obligatory carriers for Factor VIII or Factor IX deficiency (haemophilia). The dangers of operation in these individuals is emphasized in view of the often confusing laboratory and clinical findings in this group of patients. A protocol is presented which, if used by the anaesthetist, will provide for logical and safe diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these patients.
Rebuilding governance in failed states and post‐conflict societies: core concepts and cross‐cutting themes

This overview article looks at the emergence of failed and post-conflict states on the international relations and assistance agenda, and at the importance of governance in establishing peace, pursuing state reconstruction and preventing conflict. It introduces the topic of the special issue, how effective governance can be re-established following societal conflict or war. After a brief review of the terminology of failed states, post-conflict and governance, the article discusses governance reconstruction in terms of three dimensions: reconstituting legitimacy, re-establishing security and rebuilding effectiveness. The article summarises key points made by the contributors to the special issue, who look at donor governance reconstruction agendas, security-sector governance and subnational governance. Several common themes emerge and are elaborated upon: similarities between development and post-conflict assistance; linkages among governance's legitimacy, effectiveness and security dimensions; rebuilding versus creating governance systems; local versus national governance reconstruction; formal versus informal governance. The article concludes with a call for further work to elaborate frameworks that can incorporate the particulars of individual countries in addressing legitimacy, security and effectiveness. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reducing ergonomic injuries for librarians using a participatory approach

Abstract This study utilized a participatory ergonomics approach to examine the ergonomic hazards and reduce musculoskeletal symptoms for librarians in the East Baton Rouge Parish Main Library. A variety of research activities were conducted, including: ergonomics training and tests, observations, work environment and health questionnaires, and focus group discussions. A total of 39 employees from 9 different divisions in the Library participated in the study. The results of pre- and post-training ergonomics knowledge tests indicate significant improvement of librarians' understanding of ergonomics principles. The questionnaire responses for both 2-month-post- and 8-month-post- ergonomics training compared against those before the training have shown positive improvements in ratings of the presence and severity of a majority of the musculoskeletal symptoms, the design of computer workstations and manual material handling tasks, as well as perceived control over the work environment. With the identification of ergonomic hazards through RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) and REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) observations as well as focus group discussions, the study findings accomplished the project's overall objective of assisting librarians with improvement of ergonomics in the workplace. The results of this study provide a necessary foundation for future long-term study of participatory ergonomics to reduce musculoskeletal injuries and disorders for librarians. Relevance to industry Library work entails prolonged use of computers and other electronic tools, as well as repetitive handling of books, boxes, and other materials, which has exposed librarians to a significant risk of developing musculoskeletal injuries and disorders. A participatory ergonomics approach might be effective in improving librarians’ understanding and application of ergonomics principles, and subsequently reducing musculoskeletal symptoms.
Intuitive Leg Assist Device 2

Current technologies for overcoming lower extremity weakness are expensive and restricting. The Intuitive Leg Assist Device 2 (ILAD-2), a second-generation device, will feature a lightweight, comfortable, and affordable alternative. The ILAD-2 will incorporate two degrees of freedom at the hip joint, adjustable components for a variety of user heights, and a more efficient motor and gear design. The motor (Industrial Torxis Servo i01855) will have a torque of 22.6 N*m, connected to a gear reduction system that will achieve a desired 30 N*m output torque. The ILAD-2 will mimic the natural gait cycle using both force sensors and accelerometers as a feedback system. In addition, a dorsiflexion assist device incorporating a spring will be used at the ankle to ease the effort input by the user throughout the gait cycle. Using aluminum alloy components, along with a new motor and gear system, the overall weight of the device will be decreased as well. The user effort will be evaluated with and without the device using electromyography (EMG), in addition to video analysis of the gait cycle.
Accelerated arteriosclerosis after transplantation: the possible role of calcium channel blockers

The major factor limiting the long-term success of cardiac transplantation is the development of accelerated arteriosclerosis that occurs in the coronary arteries of the cardiac allograft. Transplant arteriosclerosis is characterized by diffuse, uniform, concentric narrowing of the artery by a proliferative, fibrocellular intima. The etiology of transplant arteriosclerosis is thought to be immune-mediated, and endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and inflammatory cells participate in the progression. Based on data derived from studies of conventional atherosclerosis, in which calcium channel blockers (CCBs) have demonstrated beneficial effects, preliminary studies designed to determine if CCBs might affect transplant arteriosclerosis similarly have been performed in animal models as well as in a limited number of cardiac transplant patients. Amlodipine suppressed transplant arteriosclerosis in one animal study, while diltiazem preserved vasodilatory responses in another animal study. Small prospective trials and retrospective studies in humans have shown that CCBs have a favorable effect on the development of transplant arteriosclerosis. While no work has been directed specifically at determining the mechanisms by which CCBs might prevent transplant arteriosclerosis, there are several likely candidates. These include preservation of endothelial function, suppression of smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, production of extracellular matrix, and regulation of lipid metabolism and certain components of the immune system.
The safety and feasibility of outpatient carotid endarterectomy.

Abstract Background Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is one of the most commonly performed and studied surgical procedures for extracranial ischemic disease. Objective The authors reviewed the outcome of 39 consecutive carotid endarterectomy procedures performed by a single surgeon with emphasis on the safety of discharging patients the same day of the procedure. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed over a two-year period on patients who were admitted as outpatients and underwent CEA. Following CEA, patients were observed for 4–6 h in the recovery room and Duplex ultrasonography was completed to assess the endarterectomy repair. Determination was then made whether patients could be safely discharged home. Results Over a two year period, CEA was performed 39 times in 37 outpatients. Twenty-five patients (64%) were discharged within 6 h of surgery completion. The remaining 14 patients (36%) were admitted to the hospital for varying reasons. Six patients (43%) stayed either due to personal preference or the lack of supervision at home and six other patients (43%) stayed because of mild hemodynamic instability. Of the two remaining patients, one was admitted for chest pain and the other for a small wound hematoma. No patients developed postoperative neurologic deficits. Two-tailed Fisher test analysis of collected variables revealed that patients who had general anesthesia were more likely to be admitted (p Conclusion Patients undergoing CEA can be safely discharged the same day after a brief period of postoperative observation. One factor that may predict the need for postoperative admission is the use of general anesthesia.
Does Parent Involvement and Neighborhood Quality Matter for African American Boys' Kindergarten Mathematics Achievement?.

Research Findings: There is growing evidence that home learning stimulation that includes informal numeracy experiences can promote math-related learning in school. Furthermore, national studies suggest that children who start kindergarten with stronger math skills are more likely to succeed in high school. This study used a large sample of African American boys to examine family, neighborhood, and demographic predictors of math achievement at kindergarten entry. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that mothers who engaged in more frequent home learning stimulation that included informal numeracy experiences (e.g., playing counting games) had sons who entered kindergarten with more advanced math skills. In addition, older, more educated mothers with fewer children living in their homes had sons with more advanced math skills at kindergarten entry. Practice or Policy: Findings suggest that home-based parent involvement that helps children make sense of numbers in ways that are meaningful for them can...
Evaporation Into the Atmosphere: Theory, History, and Applications

Evaporation is a topic that crosses several disciplines, and comprehensive texts on the subject are rare. Evaporation Into the Atmosphere is, therefore, a welcome addition to the literature. The approach to the determination of evaporation varies significantly depending upon the constraints that control the system of interest. The oceanographer, for example, is concerned with evaporation from large bodies of water and tends to approach the problem from the aerodynamic or turbulent-diffusion point of view. The hydrologist, on the other hand, is mainly interested in evaporation from the soil and water transpired by plants and may apply the aerodynamic approach to determine evapotranspiration from large homogeneous fields but will be forced to apply the water budget or various degrees of empirism in dealing with long-term losses from heterogeneous basins. Finally, the water-resources engineer concerned with water or energy losses from lakes, reservoirs, or streams, will seldomly apply a purely aerodynamic approach having found that the energy budget, semi-empirical mass transfer, or other approaches best meet his needs.
In vitro Model for Studying Effects of Morphine and Nalorphine on 45Ca-Ganglioside Binding

The characteristics of 45Ca-ganglioside (bovine) binding and the effects of morphine and the analgesic narcotic antagonist nalorphine on 45Ca-ganglioside binding were evaluated. Morphine, in concentrations equivalent to that found in the brain during analgesia, decreased the binding of 45Ca to purified bovine gangliosides. Nalorphine exhibited a biphasic action on 45Ca-ganglioside binding. In low concentrations, nalorphine enhanced radiocalcium binding to gangliosides while high concentrations antagonized 45Ca binding. Nalorphine partially antagonized morphine-induced inhibition of 45Ca-ganglioside binding. The results presented demonstrate that morphine alters the binding of calcium to a neuronal specific glycophospholipid, the ganglioside. An in vitro model for studying morphine and nalorphine interactions with calcium binding is presented.
Changes in Fatty Acid Composition of Porcine Muscle Lipid Associated with Sex and Weight

SUMMARY —The fatty acid composition of porcine longissimus dorsi muscle lipid was determined for 30 animals slaughtered at two live weights (49.6 and 94.1 kg) and consisting of an equal number of boars, barrows, and gilts. The lipid was separated into the neutral lipid and phospholipid fractions prior to analysis. Odd-numbered fatty acids Cl1, C13, C15, and Cl7 were significantly higher in the phospholipid fraction. Fatty acid Cl7 was never detected in the neutral lipid fraction. Both weight and sex effects were quite restricted to the neutral lipid fraction. Weight had a significant effect on amount of fatty acids C10, C11, C12, C14, C16, and Cl8 in one or more of the sexes. The most interesting result was the marked increase in fatty acid Cl8 of the heavy (94.1 kg) gilts and barrows over its very constant level in the muscle from boars of both weights. This difference, coupled with significantly lower C18–1 values in heavy barrows and gilts than in boars, resulted in a markedly higher mean ratio of fatty acid C18–1 to Cl8 for heavy boars. Thus these data suggest that much of the increase in saturation of intramuscular lipid that occurs after about 5.5 kg live weight can be attributed to the ratio of fatty acid C18–1 to C18. This change is probably dependent upon sex hormones and is restricted to the neutral lipid fraction.
Approach to Factorization and Scaling in Inclusive Reactions

We present a compilation of existing data on inclusive reactions which provide evidence for the factorization hypothesis in the "central" region of pion production but only at infinite beam momentum. The approach to limiting behavior in the central region is consistent with that expected on the basis of the Mueller-Regge formalism.
Separation and quantitative determination of traces of carbonyl compounds as their 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones by high-pressure liquid chromatography

A method for the quantitative conversion of traces of aldehydes and ketones to their 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones at room temperature is presented. The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones of a number of aliphatic aromatic carbonyl compounds have been prepared. The compounds were separated on a reversed-phase μBondapak C18 column. The method is valuable in the quantitative determination of traces of low-molecular-weight aldehydes and ketones. Derivatives of identical molecular weight can be easily separated by high-pressure liquid chromatography but not by gas chromatography under the conditions tried.
Effect of phenoxybenzamine on indomethacin induced systemic vasoconstriction in dogs.

Abstract The effect of phenoxybenzamine (PBZ) on indomethacin (IM) induced systemic vasoconstriction was studied in 22 dogs using a right heart bypass procedure which allowed for control of cardiac output. Indomethacin alone (n = 8) caused an increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) from 71 ± 6.5 mmHg to 116 ± 7.6 mmHg (p
KRS: A fast special-purpose database system

Abstract The K-Division Retrieval System (KRS) is a group of programs and files maintained by the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory to store and recall data about the geology and events at the Nevada Test Site. KRS consists of two large data files that are updated regularly with new information. This report describes these data files and the interaction necessary to use the specialized programs, obtain access to the information, and arrange the data reports. These programs are run on CDC-7600 computers and are available in public files.
Cardiorespiratory consequences of fluorocarbon reactions in dogs.

Cardiorespiratory responses to 2 ml intravenous doses of fluorocarbon emulsions were investigated in dogs anaesthetised with pentobarbitone and artificially ventilated with air. Systemic and pulmonary artery pressures were measured using catheters in the femoral artery and external jugular vein. Oxygen consumption was obtained by analysis and measurement of expired gases and cardiac output was calculated using the Fick principle. Venous return from the hind limb was isolated using tourniquets at thigh and ankle regions and venous effluent was measured. Homogeneity of muscle blood flow was calculated using a saline washout technique.24 of 23 dogs reacted to Oxypherol (FC-43) and 7 of 11 reacted to Fluosol-DA (FDA) (n.s.); 2 of 3 dogs unresponsive to FDA reacted to FC-43. The reactions consisted of severe, statistically significant, systemic hypotension with decreases in cardiac output and limb blood flow. Pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances were increased and body and limb muscle oxygen delivery an...
An inducible promoter fused to the period gene in Drosophila conditionally rescues adult per-mutant arrhythmicity

The period (per) gene of Drosophila melanogaster is involved in the expression of circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in adult flies. Molecular studies of per (reviewed in ref. 2) have shown that the transcribed and translated products of this gene are present primarily at the embryonic, pupal and adult stages. Here we describe experiments with arrhythmic per mutants bearing an inducible form of this gene which indicate that strongly rhythmic adult behaviour can be obtained only if per expression is induced in the adult, independent of its history of expression earlier in development. Thus per-mutant locomotor-activity phenotypes seem not to result from abnormalities in the development of neural structures or in physiological processes that may be required at pre-adult stages for the expression of this circadian rhythm. Moreover, the action of per after light:dark cycle entrainment seems to be sufficient for activity rhythms to be exhibited in constant darkness; this suggests further that the per product is required only during the time that the rhythmic behaviour is being manifested. Our strategy used a heat-shock gene promotor fused to per coding sequences to obtain conditional gene expression. Heat-shock promoter-driven genes have previously been used to study the mode of action and tissue specificity of a variety of Drosophila genes; our experiments on circadian rhythms demonstrate the use of such gene constructions for the temporal manipulation of genes whose phenotypes, behavioural and otherwise, affect whole organisms.
Phase noise in distributed oscillators

The phase noise of a distributed oscillator is evaluated very simply by identifying an effective capacitance equal to the total capacitance distributed along the transmission lines. The contributions of the various passive and active noise sources to the total phase noise are calculated revealing several guidelines for improved distributed oscillator designs.
Inter-species comparison of liver and small intestinal microsomal metabolism of fluoranthene.

Abstract The magnitude of susceptibility to toxicant exposure may depend on the ability of animals to metabolize the chemicals. The present study has been undertaken to see whether any differences exist among mammals in the metabolism of fluoranthene (FLA), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compound. Microsomes were isolated from the small intestine and liver of rat, mouse, hamster, goat, sheep, pig, dog, cow, monkey, and humans (commercially procured), and incubated with FLA. Post-incubation, samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and analyzed for FLA/metabolites by reverse-phase HPLC with fluorescence detection. The metabolism of FLA in both liver and small intestine was in the order: human > monkey > cow > goat > sheep > dog > pig > hamster > rat > mouse under conditions of the test system used. The rate of metabolism (pmol of metabolite/min/mg protein) was found to be more in liver than in intestine in all the species studied. The FLA metabolites identified were FLA 2,3-diol, trans-2,3-dihydroxy-1,10b-epoxy-1,2,3,10β tetrahydro FLA (2,3D FLA), 3-hydroxy FLA, and 8-hydroxy FLA. The rodent microsomes produced considerably higher proportion of FLA 2,3-diol, and 2,3D FLA than did pig, dog, and humans. On the other hand, microsomes from higher mammals converted a greater proportion of FLA to 3-hydroxy FLA, the detoxification product of FLA. Overall, our results revealed a great variation among species to metabolize FLA.
Telephone counseling for smoking cessation: rationales and meta-analytic review of evidence

We review the various ways in which telephone counseling has been used in smoking cessation programs. Reactive approaches--help lines or crisis lines--attract only a small percentage of eligible smokers but are sensitive to promotional campaigns. While difficult to evaluate, they appear to be efficacious and useful as a public intervention for large populations. Proactive phone counseling has been used in a variety of ways. In 13 randomized trials, most showed significant short-term (3-6 month) effects, and four found substantial long-term differences between intervention and control conditions. A meta-analysis of proactive studies using a best-evidence synthesis confirmed a significant increase in cessation rates compared with control conditions [pooled odds ratios of 1.34 (1.19-1.51) and 1.20 (1.06-1.37) at short- and long-term follow-up, respectively]. Proactive phone counseling appeared most effective when used as the sole intervention modality or when augmenting programs initiated in hospital settings. Suggestions for further research and utilization are offered.
Sensor scheduling for effective and energy efficient tracking in sensor networks

We study a tracking problem in sensor networks, in which the object being tracked moves along a random path through the network and the sensors switch between active and sleep states to conserve energy. We consider a sensor scheduling problem in which we assume that sensors can be woken arbitrarily at each time step. We formulate a design problem to optimize the tradeoff between energy consumption and tracking performance. We are unable to find an optimal solution to this problem. We propose several suboptimal strategies and explore their performance with numerical simulations. We identify which suboptimal solutions exhibit the best performance and indicate reasons why these solutions may be near optimal in the low tracking error regime.
A 1.33 Gsps 5-bit 2 stage pipelined flash analog to digital converter for UWB targeting 8 stage time interleaving architecture

Current trends in wireless communications emphasize the development of UWB (Ultra-Wide Band with bandwidths greater than 500 MHz or 20% of center frequency) radios. As the size of the digital part scales down, more and more components are being pushed into the digital domain. As a consequence of this, in receiver architectures, the ADCs are being pushed more towards the antenna in the front end. This places a lot of constraints on ADCs such as high speed, high resolution, high integrability onto ICs and low power. Time interleaved architectures are used to provide high speed. ADCs that work at speeds up to 40 Gsps have been reported in literature but on non-CMOS technology or based on photonics, but they consume high power and operate at higher voltages and are less integrable. The goal of the present work is to implement a high speed ADC with low voltage supply and low power consumption. The paper uses flash ADC architecture aimed at time interleaving in standard 180 nm CMOS process. The current work shows the implementation of a 5 bit, 1.33 Gsps 2 stage pipelined flash with an input frequency bandwidth of 200 MHz and designed for time interleaved architecture having a clock duty cycle of 12.5% and working on a 1.8 V power supply. This allows interleaving up to 8 similar stages, thus providing either a 8 Gsps ADC with 200 MHz input frequency range or a 1 Gsps ADC with 1.6 GHz input frequency range. The ADC discussed in this paper will be a single ADC in the 8 stage ADC system.
Causality and the Notion of Necessity

What is the main contention that Hume and contemporary Humeans share about inductive inference? It is essentially that no conclusions about the future or unobserved follow with certainty from propositions about what we have experienced in the past. The non-demonstrative nature of induction, it seems, follows inevitably from the truism that induction cannot qualify as deductive inference. The assertion of C and not E is never self-contradictory; hence one cannot say that E must occur. Necessity is not ascribable to causal propositions, except (and here the divergence begins) in a psychological sense (Hume) or in a ‘nomological’ sense (contemporary Humeans). There are, of course, other crucial differences among Humeans. For Hume, conclusions about the future do not even follow with any probability from propositions about past experience, a conclusion which Carnap, for example, tried to avoid by claiming that certain types of probability statements cannot be refuted by subsequent experience. But then the question arises of how such propositions can be construed as relevant in any sense to the future. In any case, we shall not pursue this question but will confine ourselves to the weaker and prima facie legitimate contention, shared by all Humeans, that there is no irreducible sense of natural necessity that is involved in causal judgments.
Grouper: a dynamic clustering interface to Web search results

Abstract Users of Web search engines are often forced to sift through the long ordered list of document `snippets' returned by the engines. The IR community has explored document clustering as an alternative method of organizing retrieval results, but clustering has yet to be deployed on most major search engines. The NorthernLight search engine organizes its output into `custom folders' based on pre-computed document labels, but does not reveal how the folders are generated or how well they correspond to users' interests. In this paper, we introduce Grouper, an interface to the results of the HuskySearch meta-search engine, which dynamically groups the search results into clusters labeled by phrases extracted from the snippets. In addition, we report on the first empirical comparison of user Web search behavior on a standard ranked-list presentation versus a clustered presentation. By analyzing HuskySearch logs, we are able to demonstrate substantial differences in the number of documents followed, and in the amount of time and effort expended by users accessing search results through these two interfaces.
Adverse cutaneous reactions to drugs

Drug eruptions are probably the most frequent of all manifestations of drug sensitivity. They occur in about 2% of treatment courses and are commoner in women, the elderly and in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), especially from sulphonamides such as in co-trimoxazole1. Drugs most often incriminated are listed in Table 1. The prevalence of a history of penicillin allergy has been estimated as up to 10%, and reactions to sulphonamides may affect 5% of those treated. Potentially fatal conditions such as Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are fortunately rare (0.5–1.8 cases per million per year)2. Adverse drug reactions may reflect immunological drug allergy or, more usually, non-immunological mechanisms. Idiosyncratic reactions are independent of dose, unrelated to the pharmacological action of the drug and may have a genetic basis3. This article lists the commonest clinical patterns of drug eruptions (excluding contact dermatitis) and reviews their management.
Closeness in Young Adult Sibling Relationships: Affective and Physiological Processes

What aspects of the relationships of young adult siblings are related to closeness or distance? This study takes a process approach to answering this question, contrasting it with the status approach of family structure variables. Close and distant sibling pairs were compared on physiological variables and specific aspects of warmth, con-flict, and power during two conversations - one on enjoyable topics and one on topics of disagreement. While there was no evidence that sibling closeness was related to family structure variables, differences in closeness were found in affective patterns and physiological responses during sibling interaction. Interaction between close sib-lings was characterized not only by higher positive affect but also by fewer power struggles and lower heart rate reactivity. Close siblings also had higher scores on emotional empathy and cognitive aspects of empathy such as perspective-taking than distant siblings. The developmental importance of considering power struggles in young adult sibling relationships was also discussed.
Group communication and problem‐solving effectiveness II: An exploratory investigation of procedural functions

This study sought to discover whether systematic relationships exist between the frequency of communicative behaviors which perform certain task‐achievement functions and group problem‐solving effectiveness. Five task‐achievement functions were examined: (1) establishment of operating procedures, (2) analysis of the group problem, (3) establishment of criteria for evaluating alternative solutions, (4) generation of alternative solutions, and (5) evaluation of alternative solutions. The results indicate that of the five functions examined, group problem‐solving effectiveness was found to be significantly related only to those utterances which “established operating procedures”; and “analyzed the group problem.”; Specifically, the study found a negative relationship between group problem‐solving effectiveness and attempts to establish operating procedures within the group discussion, and a positive relationship between problem‐solving effectiveness and attempts to analyze the group problem. Multiple discrim...
Overhearing Single and Multiple Perspectives

In 2 spontaneous speech experiments, this study found that multiple perspectives improved overhearers' abilities to select abstract shapes from an array, although single-perspective descriptions were more detailed. Prior findings that overhearers performed better when listening in on dialogues (Fox Tree, 1999) can best be understood as an advantage of the multiple-perspective descriptions that arise out of the entrainment process. Results support the collaborative theory of language use and suggest that vicarious learners would do better listening in on talk containing multiple perspectives than talk containing a single perspective.
A Single Mutation in the Carboxy Terminus of Reovirus Outer-Capsid Protein σ3 Confers Enhanced Kinetics of σ3 Proteolysis, Resistance to Inhibitors of Viral Disassembly, and Alterations in σ3 Structure

Mammalian reoviruses undergo acid-dependent proteolytic disassembly within endosomes, resulting in formation of infectious subvirion particles (ISVPs). ISVPs are obligate intermediates in reovirus disassembly that mediate viral penetration into the cytoplasm. The initial biochemical event in the reovirus disassembly pathway is the proteolysis of viral outer-capsid protein σ3. Mutant reoviruses selected during persistent infection of murine L929 cells (PI viruses) demonstrate enhanced kinetics of viral disassembly and resistance to inhibitors of endocytic acidification and proteolysis. To identify sequences in σ3 that modulate acid-dependent and protease-dependent steps in reovirus disassembly, the σ3 proteins of wild-type strain type 3 Dearing; PI viruses L/C, PI 2A1, and PI 3-1; and four novel mutant σ3 proteins were expressed in insect cells and used to recoat ISVPs. Treatment of recoated ISVPs (rISVPs) with either of the endocytic proteases cathepsin L or cathepsin D demonstrated that an isolated tyrosine-to-histidine mutation at amino acid 354 (Y354H) enhanced σ3 proteolysis during viral disassembly. Yields of rISVPs containing Y354H in σ3 were substantially greater than those of rISVPs lacking this mutation after growth in cells treated with either acidification inhibitor ammonium chloride or cysteine protease inhibitor E64. Image reconstructions of electron micrographs of virus particles containing wild-type or mutant σ3 proteins revealed structural alterations in σ3 that correlate with the Y354H mutation. These results indicate that a single mutation in σ3 protein alters its susceptibility to proteolysis and provide a structural framework to understand mechanisms of σ3 cleavage during reovirus disassembly.
Scheduled controllers for disturbance attenuation of systems with bounded inputs

A class of scheduled state feedback controllers are developed for disturbance attenuation in systems with bounded actuators. The scheduling parameter, obtained from a set of parameterized ellipsoids, is a measure of the system response and allows the controller to adjust to lower controller gains as the states become larger. The controller is obtained by approximating the desired parameter dependent variables with linear spline functions.
Validity of the Study Practices Inventory for Pharmacy Students

The validity of the Study Practices Inventory (SPI) for a group of entering pharmacy students was assessed. The four subscores of the SPI were correlated with students' entering grade point average (GPA) and with their scores on the four subtests of the Nelson-Denny (ND) Reading Test. Statistically significant correlations included : (1) SPI-Systematic and Purposeful Study with GPA; (2) SPI-Total Score with GPA; (3) SPI-Verbal Comprehension with ND-Vocabulary ; and (4) SPI-Scholastic Motivation with ND subscores. Further analysis showed (1) that a significant correlation between ND-Vocabulary scores and GPA did exist and (2) that an optimally weighted combination of the total scores on the SPI and ND yielded a multiple correlation coefficient greater than the zero-order correlation of either the SPI or ND with GPA. The results were interpreted to indicate that the administration of both the SPI and the ND is likely to yield more valid prediction of academic achievement than that afforded by either instrum...
The Russian Banking Sector in August 2013

In August 2013, Russia’s banking sector witnessed a continuation of the trends observed over the several previous months. As in July, a considerable proportion of growth in total banking liabilities was accounted for by the Bank of Russia and the RF Ministry of Finance. The role of retail loans in financing current household consumption expenditure continued to grow. At the same time, the banking sector’s capital adequacy and return on equity were declining.
Multi Cloud IaaS with Domain Trust in OpenStack

As cloud services have been firmly accepted by enterprises, the current challenge is how to share these resources among increasing number of cloud platforms. Currently, cloud platforms such as OpenStack, the de facto open-source platform for cloud Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), offer limited cross-cloud access capabilities in their federation APIs. In this paper, we present a fine-grained cross-cloud domain-trust model enabling resource sharing between domains across distinct homogeneous clouds. We further present a formalized description of core multi-cloud OpenStack access control (MC-OSAC) with proposed domain trust extension. We have implemented a proof of concept with extending OpenStack identity and federation services to support cross-cloud domain trust. Our approach does not introduce any authorization overhead within current OpenStack federation model.
Intramural ectopic pregnancy implanting in adenomyosis

The clinical course of this 33-year-old gravida presenting at 16 weeks' gestation with hemoperitoneum was typical for suspected uterine rupture. Pathologic examination of the hysterectomy specimen supports the diagnosis of intramural pregnancy, representing the 15th case reported to date in the literature. Furthermore, there was histologic evidence of adenomyosis both within the sinus tract leading to the implantation site and throughout the myometrium. Documentation of implantation and development of ectopic pregnancy in adenomyotic myometrium should alert the clinician to the possibility of this rare pregnancy complication.
Reactive Bond-Order Potential for Si-, C-, and H-Containing Materials

A new bond-order potential for modeling systems containing silicon, carbon, and hydrogen, such as organosilicon molecules (CxSiyHz), solid silicon, solid carbon, and alloys of silicon and carbon, i...
Tubercle bacillary extracts immunogenic for mice. 4. Lipids.

SummaryLipids extracted from tubercle bacilli and purified by Anderson's classic procedure, Choucroun's Pmko, and methanol extracts of the bacilli were tested for immunogenicity in mice. Pmko and Anderson's Wax B were the only fractions found capable of eliciting statistically significant immunity against challenge tuberculosis.
Complete and ubiquitinated proteome of the Legionella-containing vacuole within human macrophages.

Within protozoa or human macrophages Legionella pneumophila evades the endosomal pathway and replicates within an ER-derived vacuole termed the Legionella-containing vacuole (LCV). The LCV membrane-localized AnkB effector of L. pneumophila is an F-box protein that mediates decoration of the LCV with lysine48-linked polyubiquitinated proteins, which is essential for intravacuolar replication. Using high-throughput LC–MS analysis, we have identified the total and ubiquitinated host-derived proteome of LCVs purified from human U937 macrophages. The LCVs harboring the AA100/130b WT strain contain 1193 proteins including 24 ubiquitinated proteins, while the ankB mutant LCVs contain 1546 proteins with 29 ubiquitinated proteins. Pathway analyses reveal the enrichment of proteins involved in signaling, protein transport, phosphatidylinositol, and carbohydrate metabolism on both WT and ankB mutant LCVs. The ankB mutant LCVs are preferentially enriched for proteins involved in transcription/translation and immune r...
Scaling Trends for Picojoule-per-Bit WDM Photonic Interconnects in CMOS SOI and FinFET Processes

This paper presents a link analysis for optical interconnects based on CMOS scaling toward FinFET devices. An on-chip wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) link is modeled assuming silicon photonic ring modulators, WDM multiplexers and demultiplexers, and photodetectors. A high-speed CMOS transceiver is designed and evaluated using 28-nm FD-SOI and 14-nm FinFET processes. Compared to 28-nm FD-SOI, the 14-nm FinFET offers higher intrinsic gain and allows for 50% higher transconductance per drain current suggesting more energy-efficient circuit design. Cosimulation of the photonic and electronic devices demonstrates an optimum energy efficiency of $\sim 2\, \text{pJ/b}$ at $25\, \text{Gb/s}$ for a bit-error rate of $10^{-12}$ including laser and ring tuning power.
Field Evaluation of a Small Form-factor Head Impact Sensor for use in Soccer☆

Abstract Concussions in un-helmeted sport are diagnosed at rates comparable to helmeted, but head impacts during un-helmeted play are comparatively understudied. This is due in part to the technological challenges associated with measuring head acceleration during play, but recently small form factor impact sensors have been developed to characterize impacts during participation in un-helmeted sport. This work considers the accuracy of one such sensor in identifying impacts during play. The sensor was attached to the skin over the mastoid process on 8 male high school soccer players who participated in 7 games. Video of the games was captured using four cameras recording at 60 frames per second. Sensor data were synchronized with video recordings, and each impact identified by the sensor in which peak linear acceleration exceeded 10 g was reviewed. Impacts were categorized based on the context of the contact: player contact with the ball, another player or the ground; no noticeable impact on the video but substantial player movement (e.g., deceleration, planting, turning); or no noticeable impact or change in movement (deemed false positive). Sensor accuracy was assessed by quantifying false positive identification by the sensor. Over the course of 7 games, 125 impacts were recorded. Contact with the ball was the most common mode of head acceleration and accounted for 42.4% of recorded impacts. Contact with another player accounted for 16.8% of impacts, and contact with the ground accounted for 5.6% of impacts. 4% of recorded impacts did not have contact with ball, player or ground, but did have substantial player movement noted on video. Review of the video indicated another 39 (31.2%) impacts were spurious (no contact or change in movement). Additional filter elements reduced the proportion of false positives to 13.3%, but eliminated 34 valid impacts. False positive impact magnitudes ranged from 10.0 to 31.5 g, indicating that waveform analysis rather than increased thresholds may be required to improve accuracy.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Clinical Features and Treatment

Post-traumatic stress syndrome has been noted in the literature of psychopathology for over 100 years under various labels: compensation neurosis, nervous shock, hysteria, and war neurosis. We all are familiar with descriptions of soldiers who experienced a “nervous breakdown”, called Combat Stress Reaction, during or immediately after participating in the battlefield. These soldiers typically report strong feelings of being overwhelmed, confused, and frightened, as well as crying, sweating, trembling, and shaking. Many continue to experience significant psychological problems that render them chronically dysfunctional. Similar symptoms are observed in individuals who have experienced other types of trauma such as rape, aggravated assault, automobile accident, or natural disasters.
FURTHER PROPERTIES OF LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

This chapter discusses the properties of linear differential equations. If m linearly independent solutions of an nth-order linear homogeneous differential equation are known, the problem of finding the general solution can be reduced to the problem of finding the general solution of a linear differential equation of order n – m. The chapter presents the procedure for a third-order equation. By means of a change of dependent variable, the nth-order equation can be put in a form that is still linear and of degree n but in which the derivative term of order n – 1 is missing. In certain applications that involve a differential equation, the knowledge of the existence, number, and location of zeros of the solutions of the equation is important. The chapter further discusses two theorems about the zeros of solutions of second-order differential equations.
METASTABILITIES AT THE Si-SiOx INTERFACE

ABSTRACT We summarize some of the results of our investigation of the effects of dangling/weaker and stronger bonds on the electronic structure of the Si-SiO2 interface. These dangling bonds give rise to a new type of interfacial compensating charged state and have an interesting dynamic character with implications for device characteristics. It is pointed out how these states can be severely modified by external perturbations when they are in contact with e.g. the p-channel inversion layer (IL) which could represent a sensitive probe of their nature and distribution.
Amygdala-mediated mechanisms regulate visceral hypersensitivity in adult females following early life stress: importance of the glucocorticoid receptor and corticotropin-releasing factor.

Abstract Alterations in amygdala activity are apparent in women who report a history of early life stress (ELS) and those diagnosed with chronic pain disorders. Chronic stress in adulthood induces visceral hypersensitivity by alterations in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) expression within the central amygdala (CeA). Here, we hypothesized that unpredictable ELS, previously shown to induce visceral hypersensitivity in adult female rats, alters GR and CRF expression in the CeA. After neonatal ELS, visceral sensitivity and GR and CRF gene expression were quantified in adult female rats. After unpredictable ELS, adult female rats exhibited visceral hypersensitivity and increased expression of GR and CRF in the CeA. After predictable ELS, adult female rats demonstrated normosensitive behavioral pain responses and upregulation of GR but not CRF in the CeA. After the ELS paradigms, visceral sensitivity and gene expression within the CeA were unaffected in adult male rats. The role of GR and CRF in modulating visceral sensitivity in adult female rats after ELS was investigated using oligodeoxynucleotide sequences targeted to the CeA for knockdown of GR or CRF. Knockdown of GR increased visceral sensitivity in all rats but revealed an exaggerated visceral hypersensitivity in females with a history of predictable or unpredictable ELS compared with that of controls. Knockdown of CRF expression or antagonism of CRF1R in the CeA attenuated visceral hypersensitivity after unpredictable ELS. This study highlights a shift in GR and CRF regulation within the CeA after ELS that underlies the development of visceral hypersensitivity in adulthood.
The Impact of Project-Based Learning and Technology on Student Achievement in Mathematics

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects on student achievement in mathematics when project-based learning with the support of technology is used as instructional approach rather than a traditional instructional approach with integrated technology. The research examined the differences in student achievement in mathematics between two charter schools in Chicago. It also examined teacher perceptions about project-based learning and/or technology as an instructional approach to improve learning and student achievement outcomes. The results revealed that there were statistically significant differences in student achievement between schools that used project-based learning as an instructional approach and schools that used a traditional instructional approach.
Abstract 3139: CD33 directed chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy as a novel regimen prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is the only option in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, patients are often excluded due to refractory disease. The successful translation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy to AML would constitute a vertical advance in the field. We developed a 2nd generation CAR using the anti CD33 scFv of Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, 41BB costimulation, CD3ζ signaling domain, and a lentiviral (LV) vector. In vitro, CART33 resulted in robust functions when incubated with the CD33+ cell line MOLM14. In NSGS mice (NOD SCID γc-/-(NSG), transgenic for stem cell factor, IL3 and GM-CSF) engrafted with primary AML, CART33 eradicated AML and led to a long term disease free survival (Table 1). Since CD33 is also expressed on normal myeloid progenitors, we assessed the potential myelotoxicity of CART33 in humanized immune system (HIS) mice (NSG mice engrafted with human fetal liver CD34+ cells). CART33 resulted in human lineage cytopenias and in a significant reduction of CD34+CD38- hematopoietic stem cells and CD34+CD38+ myeloid progenitors. Both the anti-leukemic activity and myeloablative potential of CART33 could be used as a novel conditioning regimen in refractory AML. However, the effect of the CAR T cells needs to be terminated to avoid engraftment failure. We therefore designed a “biodegradable” mRNA modified CAR33. T cells were electroporated with this construct and expressed CAR for up to six days. When compared with LV-CART33, RNA-CART33 resulted in comparable in vitro functions that declined over time post electroporation. In NSG mice engrafted with MOLM14, treatment with cyclophosphamide (for lymphodepletion) plus RNA-CART33 resulted in deeper and longer leukemic response compared to cyclophosphamide plus control T cells. In conclusion, our preclinical studies show potent activity of CART33 in AML. Biodegradable CART33 could be used as a novel anti-leukemic cellular conditioning in patients with relapsed AML Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Saad S. Kenderian, Marco Ruella, Olga Shestova, Michael Klichinsky, John Scholler, Decheng Song, David L. Porter, Martin Carroll, Carl H. June, Saar Gill. CD33 directed chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy as a novel regimen prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3139. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3139