cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Biochemistry of protein prenylation.

Covalent modification by isoprenoid lipids (prenylation) is now recognized as a mechanism to promote membrane interactions and biological activities of a variety of cellular proteins. Both the 15-carbon farnesyl and 20-carbon geranylgeranyl isoprenoids are involved in these modifications, which occur on carboxyl-terminal cysteine residues of proteins (Fig. 1). Known prenylated proteins include the nuclear protein lamin B and a number of GTP-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins) responsible for controlling a wide spectrum of signal transduction pathways. This review summarizes the development of, and recent studies in, the field of protein prenylation, with particular emphasis on the biochemistry of the processes involved. Several other recent reviews are available for more detailed coverage of aspects which receive limited attention here (1-3).
Si/TiO2 Tandem-Junction Microwire Arrays for Unassisted Solar-Driven Water Splitting

Tandem-junction microwire array photoelectrodes have been fabricated by coating np^+-Si radial homojunction microwire arrays sequentially with fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and titanium dioxide (TiO_2). These photoelectrodes effected unassisted water splitting under simulated 1 Sun conditions with an open-circuit potential (E_(oc)) of −1.5 V vs the formal potential for oxygen evolution, E^(0′)(OH^−/O_2), a current density at E = E^(0′)(OH^−/O_2) of 0.78 mA cm^(−2), a fill factor ( ff ) = 0.51, and a photovoltaic-biased photoelectrochemical ideal regenerative cell efficiency of 0.6%.
ChordRipple: Recommending Chords to Help Novice Composers Go Beyond the Ordinary

Novice composers often find it difficult to go beyond common chord progressions. To make it easier for composers to experiment with radical chord choices, we built a creativity support tool, ChordRipple, which makes chord recommendations that aim to be both diverse and appropriate to the current context. Composers can use it to help select the next chord, or to replace sequences of chords in an internally consistent manner. To make such recommendations, we adapt a neural network model from natural language processing known as Word2Vec to the music domain. This model learns chord embeddings from a corpus of chord sequences, placing chords nearby when they are used in similar contexts. The learned embeddings support creative substitutions between chords, and also exhibit topological properties that correspond to musical structure. For example, the major and minor chords are both arranged in the latent space in shapes corresponding to the circle-of-fifths. Our structured observations with 14 music students show that the tool helped them explore a wider palette of chords, and to make "big jumps in just a few chords". It gave them "new ideas of ways to move forward in the piece", not just on a chord-to-chord level but also between phrases. Our controlled studies with 9 more music students show that more adventurous chords are adopted when composing with ChordRipple.
Promoter elements that mediate the pH response of PCK mRNA in LLC-PK1-F+ cells

The onset of metabolic acidosis causes an increased transcription of the renal phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK) gene. When transgenic mice carrying a bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene driven by the -460 to +73 segment of the PCK promoter were made chronically acidotic, the bGH mRNA was increased twofold after 4 days. Confluent and well-differentiated cultures of LLC-PK1-F+ cells exhibit a 2.5-fold increase in PCK mRNA when transferred to acidic media (pH 6.9, 10 mM HCO3-) for 16 h. Confluent cultures transfected with PCK-490 CAT exhibit an increase (3.5-fold) in chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity when shifted to acidic medium for 48 h. Mutation or deletion of the P2 element causes a four- to fivefold decrease in basal CAT activity but does not affect the pH response. In contrast, mutations of the P3(II) element or the CRE-1 cAMP-response element have little effect on basal activity but cause a 50% decrease in the pH response. Other deletions or mutations have little effect on either activity. Thus changes in the activity or levels of the protein(s) in the renal proximal tubule that binds to the P3(II) and CRE-1 elements may mediate increased transcription of the PCK gene during metabolic acidosis.
How a Mandate Came from Hell: The Making of the Federal Employee Trip Reduction Program

In 1994, Congress unanimously repealed the Employee Trip Reduction program enacted as part of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. This is the third of three articles critiquing the program. Here the origins of the program are traced. It is shown that Congress did not understand the precursors of the federal program. The fundamental problem lies in Congress' propensity to enact very detailed environmental statutes that are bound to contain ill-considered provisions
Reproduction in rats fed Lathyrus peas or aminonitriles.

SummaryLathyrus odoratus peas and certain aminonitrile compounds chemically related to the active extract of the pea, when added to the diet of pregnant rats, caused death of the fetal rat late in intrauterine life. Death was associated with poor development of the skeleton and other mesodermal tissues, and commonly resulted from rupture of the thoracic aorta at or near the time of birth. No harmful effects on the fetus were demonstrated by feeding these substances to the pregnant female before the 17th day of gestation. Lathyrus odoratus peas in 50% dietary concentration did not affect fertility of the adult male or female rat, and males maintained on the diet for as long as 10 months showed no histological evidence of testicular atrophy. No toxic substance was demonstrated in the milk of nursing females on the pea diet. The feeding procedure employing pregnant female rats proved to be a reasonably accurate and sensitive method for the toxicity assay of aminonitriles. Aminoacetonitrile was the most toxic...
Deuteromycetes I: The Sporidesmium Complex

An attempt to identify a Sporidesmium leads one to the realization that such an identification is at present impossible. Researches toward a monograph of the genus have made manifest that before such a compilation can be completed, a disposition of the plethora of genera implicated must be attempted. The genus Sporidesmium 2 as it is generally understood has ellipsoid, phaeodictyous conidia borne on simple conidiophores (and thereby distinguished from Stemphylium 3). The name has at one time or another been applied to nearly 250 fungi, many of which are obviously members of other genera. However, those with conidia as described above fall into three groups on the basis of colony type: acervulate, sporodochial, and (the majority) in the Dematiaceae. Within this broad definition the spores vary tremendously in shape, size, production, attachment, wall thickness, etc. The interplay of these char-
Effects of β-adrenergic receptor blocker on heart failur after myocardial infarction in rats

Objective To observe the changes of the synthetic nerve system(SNS) in the congestive heart disease(CHF) and discuss the cardiac protective mechanism of the irbesartan in the post-infarction congestive heart disease.MethodsThe experimental Animal were male Sprague-Dawley rats, Body Weight were about 250 grams.Model ofheart failure:the left anterior descending coronary arteries of the rats were ligated.In sham-operated rats, the arteries were not ligated.Group dividing and drug Administration:the experimental rats were randomly divided into three groups after operation:sham-operated group(group S, n =8), CHF Controled group(group C, n =8), and Irbesartan group(group A, n =8).The rats in group A were given irbesartan 50 mg/(kg.d), once a day by gastric gavage within 24 hours after the operation for 6 weeks, the rats in group S and group C were given the equal distilled water by gastric gavage for 6 weeks.Left ventricular function evaluation:the ultrasound echocardiography were used to measure the LVID, FS, LVESD, LVEDD and LVEF.Samples collecting and making:At 6 weeks after the operation, the blood were withdrawn from the heart directly, and the plasma levels of the epinephrine(E), norepinephrin(NE) and B-typed natriuretic peptide(BNP) were to be measured.The non-infarcted left ventricular myocardiam were divided into several pieces for measuring the levels of the BNP and β1-receptor density.Results6 weeks after the operation, the values of the FS and the EF were significantly lower in group CHF than those in the other two groups.The plasma and the cardiac levels of BNP were significantly higher in group CHF than those in group Irbesartan and Sham.It shows the occurrence of the heart failure.The plasma levels of E and NE were significantly higher in group CHF and A than those in group Sham.β1-receptor density was significantly decreased in group CHF comparing with the other two groups.ConclusionSNS was triggered and the β-AR desensitization occurred significantly in the heart failure.The significant negative relationship between the β1-receptor density and the levels of the BNP in heart fail-ure indicates the positive relationship between the desensitization of the β-AR and the severity of heart failure.Irbesartan can decrease the β-AR desensitization and improve the cardiac function.This may be one of the important mechanism in the treatment of the heart failure.
A New Technology of Temporary Plugging by Shielding Based on Andreasen Equation

A new technology of temporary plugging by shielding is developed based on Andreasen Equation and conventional idea for the optimization of temporary plugging agents.The ratio of solid packing particles and softening particles in the temporary plugging agent is optimized to have better plugging performance.This new method is easy to use.Using this technology,a laboratory experiment was performed on cores from Block Hailaer,showing that the filtration rate was apparently reduced and permeability recovery was increased.
Levinas and Lukács: Totality and Infinity

Opposed to the “formalism” of classical rationality, here exemplified by Kant’s ethics, both thinkers ground their philosophies in phenomenology: Lukacs from Hegel via Marx, Levinas from Husserl. Criticizing Kantian ethics for its abstractness, self-division, ineffectuality, and ideological “eternalizing” of the bourgeois status quo, Lukacs defends an alternative philosophy of totality as dialectical-historical class struggle. Rejecting Lukacs’s alternative as “totalitarian,” Levinas defends a post-Kantian ethical alternative: the primacy of an asymmetrical-ahistorical intersubjective moral responsibility, and the just politics—social democracy—built upon it. Levinas begins with detailed phenomenological studies of the constitution of embodied and vulnerable subjectivity, and then, driven by “the things themselves” beyond the epistemological boundaries of Husserlian phenomenology, he elaborates the source of these significations in the “infinity,” “saying,” “proximity” or transcendence which gives rise to responsibility for others.
The gap between the past supremum and the future infimum of a transient bessel process

This paper consists of some remarks on an earlier paper of the author with T.M. Lewis and W.V. Li regarding some almost sure path properties of the future infima of transient Bessel processes. In particular, we study the a.s. asymptotic discrepancy between sups≤tXs and infs≥tXs.
Vorschläge für konkrete Transformationen der Welt

Wir wollen jetzt zusammen die Welt in eine Lean-Brain-Welt uberfuhren, um viel Intelligenz und Gefuhl zu sparen. Statt echtem Rum produzieren wir ganz billigen Verschnitt, den man kaum von echtem Rum unterscheiden kann.
Molecular profiling of locally-advanced rectal adenocarcinoma using microRNA expression (Review)

Treatment for locally-advanced rectal cancer (LARC) typically consists of neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by total mesorectal excision. Recently, there has been growing interest in non-operative management for patients who are medically-inoperable or wish to avoid surgical morbidity and permanent colostomy. Approximately 50% of patients who receive pre-operative neoadjuvant chemoradiation develop some degree of pathologic response. Approximately 10-20% of patients are found to have a complete pathologic response, a finding which has frequently been shown to predict better clinical outcomes, including local-regional control, distant metastasis and survival. Many recent studies have evaluated the role of molecular biomarkers in predicting response to neoadjuvant therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an emerging class of biomarkers that have the potential to predict which patients are most likely to benefit from pre-operative therapy and from a selective surgical approach. Here, we review the published literature on microRNAs as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in rectal cancer after pre-operative therapy. In the future, the development of prospectively validated miRNA signatures will allow clinical implementation of miRNAs as prognostic and predictive signatures in LARC.
Federally-funded transitional living programs and services for LGBTQ-identified homeless youth: A profile in unmet need

Abstract Adolescents who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ) are overrepresented among runaway and homeless youth (RHY) and experience increased rates of sexual victimization, mental health issues, and substance use in comparison to their heterosexual and cisgender peers. Additionally, some sexual minority homeless youth experience discrimination in RHY programs, indicating the importance of services tailored to their specific needs. However, we know very little about the availability of these services, particularly in transitional living programs (TLPs). This exploratory study examines the services offered by the Family and Youth Services Bureau-funded TLPs in the United States—including LGBTQ-specific services—and examines the differences between programs that offer these specific services and those that do not. Participants ( N = 124 programs) completed a survey by phone or email about their program characteristics and services; we supplemented the survey with an analysis of content on programs' websites and Facebook pages, including program descriptions, service availability, and LGBTQ-related content. Fewer than half (43.5%) of the participants reported offering LGBTQ-specific services; information regarding these services was minimally present on the agency's websites (20.2%) or Facebook pages (5.3%). These programs were more likely to be located on the West Coast or in the Northeast region, and more likely to offer counseling, support groups, and recreation or youth development activities. Our findings add to the limited body of knowledge regarding service provision in TLPs, and indicate high unmet need among this vulnerable population. We conclude with implications for social work research, policy and practice.
Anomaly discrimination and classification for hyperspectral imagery

Anomaly detection finds data samples whose signatures are spectrally distinct from their surrounding data samples. Unfortunately, it generally cannot discriminate its detected anomalies one from another. One common approach is to measure closeness of spectral characteristics among detected anomalies to determine if the detected anomalies are actually targets of different types. However, this also leads to a challenging issue of how to find an appropriate criterion to threshold their spectral similarities. Interestingly, this issue has not received much attention in the past. This paper investigates the issue of anomaly discrimination without using any spectral measure. The idea is to take advantage of an unsupervised detection algorithm, automatic target generation process (ATGP) coupled with an anomaly detector to discriminate detected anomalies. Experimental results show that the proposed methods are indeed very effective in anomaly discrimination.
Design Considerations for Artificial Water Channel–Based Membranes

Aquaporins (AQPs) are naturally occurring water channel proteins. They can facilitate water molecule translocation across cellular membranes with exceptional selectivity and high permeability that ...
Hospital length of stay in patients initiated on direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin for venous thromboembolism: a real-world single-center study.

This study was conducted to describe the real-world hospital length of stay in patients treated with all of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus warfarin for new-onset venous thromboembolism (VTE) at a large, tertiary, academic medical center. A retrospective cohort analysis of all adult patients diagnosed with acute onset VTE was conducted. Of the 441 patients included, 261 (57%) patients received DOACs versus 180 (41%) patients received warfarin. In the DOAC group, a total of 92 (35%) patients received rivaroxaban, followed by 83 (32%) patients received apixaban, 50 (19%) patients received dabigatran, and 36 (14%) patients received edoxaban. Patients initiated on DOACs had a statistically significant shorter hospital length of stay compared to patients initiated on warfarin (median 3 days, [IQR 0–5] vs. 8 days [IQR 5–11], P < 0.05). Despite the shorter hospital length of stay in patients receiving DOACs, the overall reported differences between the DOACs group and the warfarin group in terms of recurrent VTE, major bleeding, intracranial bleeding, and gastrointestinal bleeding at 3 and 6 months were deemed to be statistically insignificant.
Strategies for efficient machine learning of surrogate drag models from three-dimensional mesoscale computations of shocked particulate flows

Abstract Macroscale simulations of shocked particulate flows rely on closure laws to model momentum transfer between the fluid and dispersed particles phase. Developing closure models from experimental data is expensive. Robust and accurate closures laws can be obtained through surrogate modeling using high-resolution mesoscale simulations. However, development of surrogate models for drag from 3D high-fidelity simulations of shock interaction with clusters of particles can be computationally prohibitive. This paper explores various strategies to efficiently construct surrogate models for drag on particles in the shocked flow. The cost of generating training data is reduced by selecting optimal grid resolutions, particle arrangements in clusters, and size of particle clusters, i.e., by selecting suitable representative volumes (RVEs). Different surrogate modeling strategies such as multi-fidelity and parameter-by-parameter construction approaches are examined. The surrogate models obtained from the different methods are compared to determine the most cost-effective machine learning based surrogate modeling method in the context of shock-particle interactions.
A Solution for Adapting Legacy Code as Web Services

This chapter presents a universal architecture for porting legacy code to Web service environments. We provide a detailed analysis of the proposed solution and characterize it in the context of fundamental Grid requirements. The architecture is evaluated on the basis of such criteria like performance, security, scalability, and fault tolerance. Our solution provides support for process migration, checkpointing, and transactional processing. Both concurrent and asynchronous method-invocation patterns are supported. In addition, we describe a framework that was developed to facilitate the use of the proposed architecture. It reduces implementation effort by automatic code generation. Finally, we present performance evaluation results.
Motivation, Motives, and Individual Agency

Within the field of sociology there has been a long-standing tension between individual agency and social motivation. This historical disciplinary tension is evident in the scholarship on motives and motivations within sociological social psychology. In this chapter a review of scholarship on motivation and motives is made with consideration of key conceptual and methodological advances and approaches in these literatures. Mills’ (Am Sociol Rev 5(6):904–913, 1940) concept of vocabulary of motives is described extensively and the empirical applications of Mills’ vocabularies of motive framework reviewed. In this chapter, empirical applications of vocabularies of motive are explored and examined for relevance to situations of deviance, within relationships, and in social movements and social institutions. This chapter concludes with discussion of directions for future theoretical and empirical work on these topics. These topics include expanding methodological approaches, specific attention to the role of motive talk in creating a cohesive sense of self, attention to motive and motivation in prosocial behavior and wellness, attention to context, and finally, attention to how individuals interpret the motives of others.
NUTRITION AND REPRODUCTION INTERACTIONS

Direct reproductive traits as they are currently measured tend to be low in heritability, making the beef female’s environment key to reproductive success. Large cow size and high milk production translate into increased energy and protein requirements for the cow, even when not lactating. The increased nutrient requirements can significantly limit the carrying capacity of any farm or ranch. A cow’s nutrient requirements must match feed resources or reproduction will be compromised.
Architectural Principles for Characterizing the Performance of Sequestration Feedback Networks

As we begin to design increasingly complex synthetic biomolecular systems, it is essential to develop rational design methodologies that yield predictable circuit performance. Here we apply theoretical tools from the theory of control and dynamical systems to yield practical insights into the architecture and function of a particular class of biological feedback circuit. Specifically, we show that it is possible to analytically characterize both the operating regime and performance tradeoffs of a sequestration feedback circuit architecture. Further, we demonstrate how these principles can be applied to inform the design process of a particular synthetic feedback circuit.
Novel technology for mobility and balance tracking in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review

Introduction: Mobility and balance impairments in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are major factors for decreased quality of life. Novel sensing technologies have great potential to efficient...
Plant Leaf Surfaces in Living Nature

Nature has evolved species with multifunctional properties by using diversity of the structure and morphology in surfaces. Hierarchical structured surfaces are common in nature (Koch et al. 2008, 2009a; Bhushan 2009). The complexity of hierarchical structures and their functionality in biological organisms surpass all abiotic natural surfaces.
Parent and Child Reports of Food Insecurity and Mental Health: Divergent Perspectives

Background: Food insecurity—the inability to provide adequate food for at least one household member sometime during the year—is linked to negative physical and mental health outcomes. Child reports of experiences in other domains of life are only moderately related to parental proxy reports of the same experiences. The goal of our study was to assess the convergence of parent and child reports of food insecurity and several specific mental health symptoms. Methods: Dyads of parents and children attending medical appointments were surveyed. Inclusion criteria consisted of English-speaking adults and their children between the ages of 8 and 17 years. Results: Sixty-two percent of adults and 50% of children self-reported meeting screening criteria for food insecurity, and adult-child dyad reports were significantly correlated. However, when asked about the child worrying about food running out or having eaten less than desired in order to conserve food, adult and child reports diverged significantly, with adults more frequently underestimating worry and conservation behaviors compared to child self-reports. Similar discrepancies were found for items probing specific symptoms of depression, general anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Conclusion: Our data show that adults may not accurately perceive the subjective effects of food insecurity on children in their household, particularly in households receiving food assistance, perhaps because of objectively greater need. Because food insecurity may have profound effects on child development, pediatricians should be aware of the mental health risks for children in food-insecure homes.
Ingroup and outgroup interconnectedness predict and promote political ideology through empathy

In 4 studies (N = 886), we investigate the effect of intergroup interconnectedness on political ideology and examine whether this is mediated through empathy. In Study 1, ingroup interconnectedness...
Scientists' Attitudes toward Data Sharing.

Numerous proposals have been put forward in recent years to encourage or require scientists to share their data with interested parties, especially data collected with public funding (e.g., Cecil and Griffin 1983). Whenever someone proposes a new scheme to encourage the sharing of data that were gathered with the support of federal dollars, one envisions physicists being permitted to visit their colleagues' NSF-funded supercomputers or the swapping of cell lines among biotechnologists. Implicit in such attempts to foster data sharing among these scientists is the desire to forestall the private profit motive, thought by some to lurk just beneath the surface of all research that has a potential "cash value." This article explores these issues and summarizes survey research on attitudes toward them.
Print time vs. elapsed time: A temporal analysis of a continuous printing operation for additive constructed concrete

Abstract In additive construction, ambitious goals to fabricate a concrete building in less than 24 h are attempted. In the field, this goal relies on a metric of print time to make this conclusion, which excludes rest time and delays. The task to complete a building in 24 h was put to the test with the first attempt at a fully continuous print of a structurally reinforced additively constructed concrete (ACC) building. A time series analysis was performed on the events during the construction of a 512 ft2 (16 ft x 32 ft x 9.25 ft) building to explore the effect of delays on the completion time. This analysis included a study of the variation in comprehensive layer print times, expected trends and forecasting for what is expected in future prints of similar types. Furthermore, the study included a determination and comparison of print time, elapsed time and construction time, as well as a look at the effect of environmental conditions on the delay events. Upon finishing, the analysis concluded that the 3D printed building was completed in 14-hours of print time, 31.2-hours elapsed time, or a total of 5 days of construction time. This emphasizes that reports on newly 3D printed constructions need to provide a definition of time that includes all possible duration periods to communicate realistic capabilities of this new technology.
La memoria de las plantas: sobre el devenir atm´ósfera

This article deals with memory, but not as historical memory, the one inscribed in spaces predetermined by State Institutions. It proposes to see memory as something capable of streteching temporalities from the past towards the future, capable of carrying with it polyphonies, textualities and languages, as well as different matters and states. It is a nomadic memory that opens up posibilities to think of a post-human memory, that existed in the past and that existits in the present, but that proyects itself to a future beyond the Anthropocene, a future without humans. Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 152, 2018: 113-124
Risk score-guided multidisciplinary team-based Care for Heart Failure Inpatients is associated with lower 30-day readmission and lower 30-day mortality.

Objective Using augmented intelligence clinical decision tools and a risk score-guided multidisciplinary team-based care process (MTCP), this study evaluated the MTCP for heart failure (HF) patients' 30-day readmission and 30-day mortality across 20 Intermountain Healthcare hospitals. Background HF inpatient care and 30-day post-discharge management require quality improvement to impact patient health, optimize utilization, and avoid readmissions. Methods HF inpatients (N = 6182) were studied from January 2013 to November 2016. In February 2014, patients began receiving care via the MTCP based on a phased implementation in which the 8 largest Intermountain hospitals (accounting for 89.8% of HF inpatients) were crossed over sequentially in a stepped manner from control to MTCP over 2.5 years. After implementation, patient risk scores were calculated within 24 hours of admission and delivered electronically to clinicians. High-risk patients received MTCP care (n = 1221), while lower-risk patients received standard HF care (n = 1220). Controls had their readmission and mortality scores calculated retrospectively (high risk: n = 1791; lower risk: n = 1950). Results High-risk MTCP recipients had 21% lower 30-day readmission compared to high-risk controls (adjusted P = .013, HR = 0.79, CI = 0.66, 0.95) and 52% lower 30-day mortality (adjusted P Conclusions A risk score-guided MTCP was associated with lower 30-day readmission and 30-day mortality in high-risk HF inpatients. Further evaluation of this clinical management approach is required.
Survival impact of achieving minimal residual negativity by multi-parametric flow cytometry in AL amyloidosis.

Response assessment in light chain (AL) amyloidosis is challenging given the low level of circulating free light chains usually seen. Multi-parametric flow cytometry (MFC) from a marrow aspirate wa...
School Principals' Opinions about Special Education Services.

This study investigated school principals’ opinions of their knowledge, skills, and leadership roles in providing services and support to students with special needs. A total of 134 respondents wer...
Recanalization of an atretic intramural left main coronary artery after bypass surgery in a pediatric patient with anomalous aortic origin of the left main coronary artery arising from the right sinus of Valsalva

We report a pediatric patient with nonatherosclerotic chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) leading to complete LMCA atresia which was successfully recanalized via retrograde techniques through a previous internal mammary bypass graft. After the CTO was treated, the artery was found to be anomalous off the right cusp with an intramural coarse and slit-like orifice. The patient's ischemic symptoms resolved after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), and she has continued to do well.
Design of General Protection Device for Intelligent Substation

At present, the protection devices of different models and manufacturers can not achieve universal interchange and plug-and-play, which brings inconvenience to the operation and maintenance management of intelligent substation. In this paper, a design method of general protection device for intelligent substation is proposed, which realizes device interchange by uniform shape size, flexible hardware configuration and automatic identification by modularization and plugin design, and software design framework of hardware interface layer, data processing layer and database layer is adopted to complete corresponding logical control. The general protection device can be configured as most of the protection devices in intelligent substation, which makes the protection device universal.
PREDICTORS OF CALCIFIC AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS PROGRESSION AS MEASURED BY CHANGE IN PEAK VELOCITY: A META-ANALYSIS AND META-REGRESSION

Identifying patients at risk of progression of Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis (pCAVS) is important for optimal timing of diagnosis and treatment. Systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Search was preformed using databases for studies including patients with pCAVS
Application of Neural Networks in the Problem of Quantitative Analysis of Air Composition

Purpose of reseach is to develop a method for generating training data to enable the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) method in gas analyzer systems. The problem of increasing the accuracy of separate determination of gas concentrations in multicomponent mixtures under conditions of environmental parameters changes is considered. It is proposed to increase the accuracy of determining target gas concentrations by using the ANN method for joint processing of sensor signals. Methods : Training data for the neural network were generated using numerical experiments and mathematical simulation methods. To assess the accuracy of training, the standard deviation (SD) was used and the relative error was calculated. ANN training and research were conducted in the MATLAB environment (the Neural Networks Toolbox application). When developing mathematical models of gas sensors, the theory of electrical circuits, electronic theory of chemisorption and the adsorption theory of heterogeneous catalysis were applied. Results : A method for generating training data sets using mathematical models of gas sensors is described. The proposed training method has been tested on a specific task, in particular, a decision-making device based on ANN for a four-component gas analyzer has been developed. The efficiency of using neural networks for tuning out from the mutual cross-sensitivity of sensors was evaluated. Conclusion : A method for generating training data using simulation models is proposed, which allows automazing the process of training, research, choosing the architecture and structure of ANN and their testing. The method was tested. Based on the analysis of the obtained errors, conclusions are made about the efficiency of using neural networks to reduce errors caused by cross sensitivity at different concentrations of the main and interfering gases.
Electron paramagnetic resonance and electron-nuclear double-resonance of Nd 3 + 143 and Nd 3 + 145 in yttrium-trichloride single crystals

The electron-paramagnetic-resonance and electron-nuclear double-resonance spectra of $^{143}\mathrm{Nd}^{3+}$ and $^{145}\mathrm{Nd}^{3+}$ dilutely substituted at ${\mathrm{Y}}^{3+}$ sites in Y${\mathrm{Cl}}_{3}$ single crystals have been obtained. The values of the spin-Hamiltonian parameters which describe these spectra are reported. These values and the ratios of the values for the two nuclides are discussed and compared with the results previously obtained for ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ in other host crystals.
Outcomes of Facial Symmetry and Tone at Rest After Masseteric-to-Facial Nerve Transfer.

Importance: Masseteric-to-facial nerve transfer has gained popularity as a technique that provides dynamic voluntary function in unilateral facial paralysis. Despite the multiple studies that have ...
A window into portal hemodynamics in adult fontan patients

Abstract Background Fontan circulation alters portal venous hemodynamics, causing chronic passive hepatic congestion and fibrosis. This congestion increases liver stiffness (LS) leading to overestimates of liver fibrosis as measured by ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) of the liver. We evaluated whether Fontan circulation has a similar effect on spleen stiffness (SS) and SS/LS ratio as measured by SWE. Methods We retrospectively compared the SS of adult Fontan patients to age and gender matched, control patients without congenital heart disease. We correlated SS measurements to LS measurements and also performed a limited subgroup analysis of SS in Fontan patients with various manifestations of Fontan Associated Liver Disease. Results SS in Fontan patients was similar to healthy controls (1.43 vs. 1.36 m/s, p = 0.26). LS was elevated in 78% of the Fontan patients (mean 1.68 m/s, SD 0.31, 95% CI 1.53–1.85). The correlation between LS and SS was modest (Pearson's correlation coefficient, r = 0.5) but did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.06). The mean SS/LS ratio was 0.85 (95% CI 0.77–0.94). Conclusion Based on our study cohort, SS in Fontan patients is similar to age and gender matched control patients without congenital heart disease. The SS/LS ratio, however, is frequently less than 1, which is lower than that reported in both healthy patients and those with other forms of non-cardiac liver disease. SS and SS/LS ratio may be a useful indicator of portal hemodynamics in Fontan patients.
A Comparison of Error Estimators for the Method of Moments

Local error estimators are investigated for use with numerical solutions of the electric field integral equation. Three-dimensional test targets include a sphere, disk, NASA almond, and a Lockheed Martin Expedite aircraft model. Visual plots and correlation coefficients are used to assess the accuracy of the estimators. It is shown that the inexpensive discontinuity estimators are usually as accurate as the residual estimators.
730 Histotripsy focused ultrasound ablation induces immunological cell death in treated and distant untreated tumors

Background Histotripsy, a novel image-guided, robotically assisted sonic therapy platform, is a non-invasive and non-thermal tumor ablation modality. We have previously shown that histotripsy potentiates profound innate and adaptive anti-tumor responses in addition to direct tumor destruction.1 In this study, we sought to characterize the biomarkers of tumor cell death pathways immediately after histotripsy and after the induction of adaptive anti-tumor immune responses in preclinical settings. Methods Immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with bilateral subcutaneous flank injections of Hepa1-6 hepatocellular carcinoma to generate 8–10 mm tumors within 8–11 days. Unilateral subtotal histotripsy was then performed. Mice were euthanized at 6h, and 1, 3 and 10–12 days post-treatment (dpt). Tumors were measured, harvested, fixed, sectioned and studied using multicolor immunohistochemistry. Results Histotripsy decreased treated tumor growth by 50% and abscopal tumor growth by 30–40% compared to untreated tumors at 12dpt, evidencing a systemic anti-tumor immune response that inhibited growth of distant untreated tumor. Treated tumors showed immediate tissue liquefaction in the ablation zone with marked extranuclear translocation of the damage associated molecular pattern HMGB1. At 1dpt, 100% of tumor cells within the ablation zone showed HMGB1 translocation, and 70% of tumor cells at the periphery of the ablation zone showed HMGB1 translocation. Caspase 3 cleavage was not observed in the direct ablation zone, but at the junction of the ablated and non-ablated tissue ~40% cells that released HMGB1 showed cleaved Caspase 3. Caspase 9 cleavage was observed in ~50% cells that had cleaved Caspase 3, suggesting early programed cell death with mitochondrial damage and cytochrome C release 1 dpt; the presence of inflammasome integration/activation suggested pyroptosis induction. Areas of tumor well outside the zone of ablation and within untreated tumors contralateral to ablated tumors did not show early DAMP release or apoptotic cell death compared to the control tumors. However, a robust immune cell infiltration was observed in these locations at 10–12dpt, involving CD8 T-cell infiltration and areas of tumoral HMGB1 release in the vicinity of the infiltrating CD8 T cells - indicating the induction of immune rejection of treated and untreated tumors by histotripsy. Conclusions Our results indicate that histotripsy ablation promotes tumor cell destruction through both immediate mechanical disruption, as well as possible adjacent apoptotic and pyroptotic death. Systemic CD8 T-cell mobilization and immunological cell death in the treated and the contralateral tumors is a novel long term therapeutic benefit. Reference Qu S, Worlikar T, Felsted AE, Ganguly A, Beems MV, Hubbard R, Pepple AL, Kevelin AA, Garavaglia H, Dib J, Toma M, Huang H, Tsung A, Xu Z, Cho CS. Non-thermal histotripsy tumor ablation promotes abscopal immune responses that enhance cancer immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2020;8:e000200.
Copycat process in the early stages of einselection.

We identify and describe unique early time behavior of a quantum system initially in a superposition, interacting with its environment. This behavior -- the copycat process -- occurs after the system begins to decohere, but before complete einselection. To illustrate this behavior analytic solutions for the system density matrix, its eigenvalues, and eigenstates a short time after system-environment interactions begin are provided. Features of the solutions and their connection to observables are discussed, including predictions for the continued evolution of the eigenstates towards einselection, time dependence of spin expectation values, and an estimate of the system's decoherence time. In particular we explore which aspects of the early stages of decoherence exhibit quadratic evolution to leading order, and which aspects exhibit more rapid linear behavior. Many features of our early time perturbative solutions are agnostic of the spectrum of the environment. We also extend our work beyond short time perturbation theory to compare with numerical work from a companion paper.
The T-Tilt Position: A Novel Modified Patient Position to Improve Stone-Free Rates in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery

Purpose:Residual fragments following retrograde intrarenal surgery can lead to future stone episodes. The lower pole of the kidney presents a unique challenge as it is the most difficult location f...
Using Satellite Data for Environmental Justice Efforts in California

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Air quality management is increasingly focused not only on across-the-board reductions in ambient pollution concentrations, but also on identifying and remediating elevated expo...
Sample Size for Latent Dirichlet Allocation of Constructed-Response Items

Over the past decade, topic models have been used to analyze students’ responses to constructed-response items. Analyzing students’ responses using topic models has been shown to yield similar results to a qualitative analysis. As the use of topic models increases in the educational setting, it is important to assess the performance of the underlying statistical mechanism. Simulation studies are an essential tool when evaluating the performance of a statistical model. Using a simulation study to assess performance of topic models, such as the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model, requires generating simulated text responses rather than scored responses. LDA and other related topic models, such as the supervised latent Dirichlet allocation model, assumes a generative process for construction of responses. Topic models also assume that the text data follows a bag-of-words distribution. These key assumptions allow generating simulated text responses to be possible. In this paper we demonstrate the simulation process for topic models followed by a simulation study that assesses the sample size needed to recover the parameters of the LDA model.
CircSETD3 (Hsa_circ_0000567) Suppresses Hepatoblastoma Pathogenesis via Targeting the miR-423-3p/Bcl-2-Interacting Mediator of Cell Death Axis

Background: Up until now, the role of circSETD3 (Has_circ_0000567) in regulating cancer development has been reported in several tumors, but the role and regulatory mechanism of circSETD3 in hepatoblastoma (HB) remain unclear. Methods: The qPCR and western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels in the present study. Stability of circular RNA was detected by RNA digested experiments. The gain-of-function and rescue experiments were used to explore the function and mechanism of circSETD3 in HB. Cell counting kit-8, colony formation, transwell assay, and xenograft mice model were used to detect effects and regulatory mechanism of circSETD3/miR-423-3p/Bim axis on cell aggressive phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Results: Here, we identified that circSETD3 downregulated in both HB clinical tissues and cell lines, compared to that of normal tissues and cells. Further gain-of-function experiments validated that circSETD3 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, viability, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumorigenesis, and induced cell apoptosis in HB cells. Next, we validated that miR-423-3p targeted both circSETD3 and 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of Bim, and circSETD3 positively regulated Bim in HB cells through sponging miR-423-3p in a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)-dependent manner. Furthermore, through conducting reversal experiments, we evidenced that the inhibiting effects of circSETD3 overexpression on HB development were abrogated by upregulating miR-423-3p and downregulating Bim. Conclusion: Taken together, we evidenced that circSETD3 sponged miR-423-3p to upregulate Bim, resulting in the inhibition of HB development.
Indian Ocean Dipole leads to Atlantic Niño.

Atlantic Nino is the Atlantic equivalent of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and it has prominent impacts on regional and global climate. Existing studies suggest that the Atlantic Nino may arise from local atmosphere-ocean interaction and is sometimes triggered by the Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM), with overall weak ENSO contribution. By analyzing observational datasets and performing numerical model experiments, here we show that the Atlantic Nino can be induced by the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). We find that the enhanced rainfall in the western tropical Indian Ocean during positive IOD weakens the easterly trade winds over the tropical Atlantic, causing warm anomalies in the central and eastern equatorial Atlantic basin and therefore triggering the Atlantic Nino. Our finding suggests that the cross-basin impact from the tropical Indian Ocean plays a more important role in affecting interannual climate variability than previously thought. The Atlantic Nino is an important mode of tropical Atlantic variability that influences the climate conditions in surrounding areas. Here, the authors use observational data and model simulations to show that positive phases of the Indian Ocean Dipole can trigger Atlantic Nino events.
Peripheral immune cell reactivity and neural response to reward in patients with depression and anhedonia.

Increased levels of peripheral cytokines have been previously associated with depression in preclinical and clinical research. Although the precise nature of peripheral immune dysfunction in depression remains unclear, evidence from animal studies points towards a dysregulated response of peripheral leukocytes as a risk factor for stress susceptibility. This study examined dynamic release of inflammatory blood factors from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in depressed patients and associations with neural and behavioral measures of reward processing. Thirty unmedicated patients meeting criteria for unipolar depressive disorder and 21 healthy control volunteers were enrolled. PBMCs were isolated from whole blood and stimulated ex vivo with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Olink multiplex assay was used to analyze a large panel of inflammatory proteins. Participants completed functional magnetic resonance imaging with an incentive flanker task to probe neural responses to reward anticipation, as well as clinical measures of anhedonia and pleasure including the Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) and the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS). LPS stimulation revealed larger increases in immune factors in depressed compared to healthy subjects using an aggregate immune score (t49 = 2.83, p = 0.007). Higher peripheral immune score was associated with reduced neural responses to reward anticipation within the ventral striatum (VS) (r = -0.39, p = 0.01), and with reduced anticipation of pleasure as measured with the TEPS anticipatory sub-score (r = -0.318, p = 0.023). Our study provides new evidence suggesting that dynamic hyper-reactivity of peripheral leukocytes in depressed patients is associated with blunted activation of the brain reward system and lower subjective anticipation of pleasure.