cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Further non-perturbative calculations of the electron's magnetic moment

We continue to test our method of Pauli-Villars regularisation on QED. Ultimately we hope to apply the method to the problem of deriving non-perturbative solutions for QCD. Developing it pursues the goal of working out a renormalisation scheme which preserves Lorentz symmetries and gauge invariance in the framework of light-cone Hamiltonian approach. In a previous work a non-perturbative solution, developed as a Fock-state expansion and truncated up to one electron – one photon states, gave a good agreement with the Schwinger term of the usual Feynman series. In this paper we add one electron and two photon terms to the eigenstate. We expect to obtain good agreement with the next order contribution to the electron's anomalous magnetic moment – the Sommerfield-Peterman term. In addition, these calculations more strictly test the proposed prescription for new singularities which arise due to the indefinite metric.
Geometric programming duals of channel capacity and rate distortion

We show that the Lagrange dual problems of the channel capacity problem with input cost and the rate distortion problem are simple geometric programs. Upper bounds on channel capacity and lower bounds on rate distortion can be efficiently generated from their duals. For channel capacity, the geometric programming dual characterization is shown to be equivalent to the minmax Kullback-Leibler (KL) characterization in Csiszar et al. (1981). For rate distortion, the geometric programming dual is extended to rate distortion with two-sided state information. A "duality by mapping" is then given between the Lagrange dual problems of channel capacity with input cost and rate distortion, which resolves several apparent asymmetries between their primal problems in the familiar form of mutual information optimization problems. Both the primal and dual problems can be interpreted in a common framework of free energy optimization from statistical physics.
Improving availability with recursive microreboots: a soft-state system case study

Even after decades of software engineering research, complex computer systems still fail. This paper makes the case for increasing research emphasis on dependability and, specifically, on improving availability by reducing time-to-recover.All software fails at some point, so systems must be able to recover from failures. Recovery itself can fail too, so systems must know how to intelligently retry their recovery. We present here a recursive approach, in which a minimal subset of components is recovered first; if that does not work, progressively larger subsets are recovered. Our domain of interest is Internet services; these systems experience primarily transient or intermittent failures, that can typically be resolved by rebooting. Conceding that failure-free software will continue eluding us for years to come, we undertake a systematic investigation of fine grain component-level restarts, microreboots, as high availability medicine. Building and maintaining an accurate model of large Internet systems is nearly impossible, due to their scale and constantly evolving nature, so we take an application-generic approach, that relies on empirical observations to manage recovery.We apply recursive microreboots to Mercury, a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS)-based satellite ground station that is based on an lnternet service platform. Mercury has been in successful operation for over 3 years. From our experience with Mercury, we draw design guidelines and lessons for the application of recursive microreboots to other software systems. We also present a set of guidelines for building systems amenable to recursive reboots, known as "crash-only software systems."
Cotton Nitrogen Management in a High-Residue Conservation System: Cover Crop Fertilization

Nitrogen is required for adequate residue production from cereal cover crops used in no-till cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production, but residues can immobilize N needed by cotton. We conducted a 3-yr field study on a Decatur silt loam (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Rhodic Paleudult) in northern Alabama to test N fertilizer practices for cotton grown with a rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop and conservation tillage. Nitrogen rates applied to the rye cover crop were 0, 34, and 67 kg N ha -1 and cotton N rates were 0, 45, 90, and 135 kg N ha -1 . Additionally, 15 N microplots were established in cover crop N treatments of 34 kg N ha -1 and in cotton treatments of 90 kg N ha -1 . Data collected included cover crop aerial biomass, cover crop C/N ratios, cotton leaf N at first flower, lint yield, lint quality, and 15 N in plant and soil samples. Cotton grown in unfertilized rye treatments needed 57 to 60% (38-40 kg N ha -1 ) more N to maximize yields above median conventional tillage N recommendations (67 kg N ha -1 ). Cover crop N rates of 67 kg N ha -1 maximized cover crop biomass production for soil protection and soil organic matter aggradation. If the cover crop was fertilized, minimum cotton N applications of 70 and 76 kg N ha -1 were needed for economic optimum and maximum lint yield, respectively. We speculate that cotton N rates may be decreased in the future as new N and C pool equilibria are reached.
A Dual-Ascent Procedure for Large-Scale Uncapacitated Network Design

The fixed-charge network design problem arises in a variety of problem contexts including transportation, communication, and production scheduling. We develop a family of dual-ascent algorithms for this problem. This approach generalizes known ascent procedures for solving shortest path, plant location, Steiner network and directed spanning tree problems. Our computational results for several classes of test problems with up to 500 integer and 1.98 million continuous variables and constraints show that the dual-ascent procedure and an associated drop-add heuristic generate solutions that, in almost all cases, are guaranteed to be within 1 to 4% of optimality. Moreover, the procedure requires no more than 150 seconds on an IBM 3083 computer. The test problems correspond to dense and sparse networks, including some models that arise in freight transport.
Management of postoperative infections after the minimally invasive pectus excavatum repair

Purpose: Pectus excavatum is frequently repaired using the minimally invasive placement of a substernal bar (Nuss procedure). Infectious complications after the Nuss procedure are potentially devastating. To date, the management of postoperative infectious complications has not been well described. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients (N = 168) who underwent the Nuss procedure from January 1, 1997, to October 1, 2003, at our institution was performed. Six patients (4%) had postoperative infections, and their medical records were reviewed. Results: Of the 6 patients, 5 underwent operative drainage for wound abscesses that developed 2 to 76 weeks postoperatively. The other patient developed cellulitis 12 months postoperatively and was treated effectively with antibiotics alone. Recurrent infections were treated in 3 of 6 patients, one of whom eventually required removal of the bar resulting in a mild, residual pectus excavatum defect. One of 6 patients has had the substernal bar removed electively. The remaining 4 continue to be without clinically apparent infection at this time and are over 1 year removed from their infection. Conclusions: Although uncommon, infectious complications after the Nuss procedure require complex management strategies. Despite recurrent infection in some cases, most infectious complications occurring after the minimally invasive repair can be effectively treated without having to remove the
Separate Functional Domains of Human MD-2 Mediate Toll-Like Receptor 4-Binding and Lipopolysaccharide Responsiveness

Cellular responses to LPS are mediated by a cell surface receptor complex consisting of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), MD-2, and CD14. MD-2 is a secreted protein that interacts with the extracellular portion of TLR4. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to identify the regions of human MD-2 involved in its ability to bind TLR4 and confer LPS responsiveness. A separate region of MD-2 was found to mediate each function. MD-2 binding to TLR4 was dependent on Cys95 and Cys105, which might form an intramolecular disulfide bond. Hydrophilic and charged residues surrounding this area, such as R90, K91, D100, and Y102, also contributed to the formation of the TLR4-MD-2 complex. A different region of MD-2 was found to be responsible for conferring LPS responsiveness. This region is not involved in TLR4 binding and is rich in basic and aromatic residues, several of which cooperate for LPS responsiveness and might represent a LPS binding site. Disruption of the endogenous MD-2-TLR4 complex by expression of mutant MD-2 inhibited LPS responses in primary human endothelial cells. Thus, our data indicate that MD-2 interaction with TLR4 is necessary but not sufficient for cellular response to LPS. Either of the two functional domains of MD-2 can be disrupted to impair LPS responses and therefore represent attractive targets for therapeutic interventions.z
Investigation of grounding related problems in AC/DC converter stations

An investigation of grounding-related problems in AC/DC substations is reported. The investigation is based on analytical studies and published experimental results. The following grounding related problems have been investigated: (1) ground potential rise in converter stations and DC grounds and its effect on safety; (2) touch, step, and transfer voltages in and around DC converter stations and DC grounds; and (3) effects on soil thermal stability during monopolar operation. Several conclusions have been reached, and the findings of the investigation are summarized in a proposed procedure for the safety assessment of DC grounding systems. >
Interpreting recruitment limitation in forests.

Studies of tree recruitment are many, but they provide few general insights into the role of recruitment limitation for population dynamics. That role depends on the vital rates (transitions) from seed production to sapling stages and on overall population growth. To determine the state of our understanding of recruitment limitation we examined how well we can estimate parameters corresponding to these vital rates. Our two-part analysis consists of (1) a survey of published literature to determine the spatial and temporal scale of sampling that is basis for parameter estimates, and (2) an analysis of extensive data sets to evaluate sampling intensity found in the literature. We find that published studies focus on fine spatial scales, emphasizing large numbers of small samples within a single stand, and tend not to sample multiple stands or variability across landscapes. Where multiple stands are sampled, sampling is often inconsistent. Sampling of seed rain, seed banks, and seedlings typically span ,1 yr and rarely last 5 yr. Most studies of seeding establishment and growth consider effects of a single variable and a single life history stage. By examining how parameter estimates are affected by the spatial and temporal extent of sampling we find that few published studies are sufficiently extensive to capture the variability in recruitment stages. Early recruitment stages are especially variable and require samples across multiple years and multiple stands. Ironically, the longest duration data sets are used to estimate mortality rates, which are less variable (in time) than are early life history stages. Because variables that affect recruitment rates interact, studies of these interactions are needed to assess their full impacts. We conclude that greater attention to spatially extensive and longer duration sampling for early life history stages is needed to assess the role of recruitment limitation in forests.
Floristic survey of Castillo de San Marcos National Monument, St. Augustine, Florida.

Abstract Castillo de San Marcos National Monument, St. Augustine, Florida, is administered by the National Park Service, United States Department of the Interior, and comprises 8.5 ha (20.5 acres) including the moat and expansive embankment (glacis) surrounding the historic fortress, as well as landscaping adjacent to parking lots and park headquarters. A floristic survey was conducted to provide park service personnel with a vouchered plant species checklist for the entire park, including the flourishing flora supported by the 10 m (33 ft) tall fort walls. Four intensive collecting trips conducted in 2003–04 yielded 153 species of plants in 129 genera of 61 families, including 56 species growing on the coquina walls of the fortress. Asteraceae, Poaceae, and Fabaceae had the largest number of species. Diagrams of the fort and photographs of representative plant species on the shellstone walls are also provided. Control measures for the wall vegetation are briefly discussed.
A SAMPLING THEORY FOR INFINITE WEIGHTED GRAPHS

We prove two sampling theorems for infinite (countable discrete) weighted graphs G; one example being "large grids of resistors" i.e., networks and systems of resistors. We show that there is natural ambient continuum X containing G, and there are Hilbert spaces of functions on X that allow interpolation by sampling values of the functions restricted only on the vertices in G. We sample functions on X from their discrete values picked in the vertex-subset G. We prove two theorems that allow for such realistic ambient spaces X for a fixed graph G, and for interpolation kernels in function Hilbert spaces on X, sampling only from points in the subset of vertices in G. A continuum is often not apparent at the outset from the given graph G. We will solve this problem with the use of ideas from stochastic integration.
The psychological context of strategic decisions: A test of relevance to practitioners

A number of authors argue that research in the organizational sciences must produce results that are both rigorous and relevant. These results should go beyond the obvious, yielding unexpected variation in our understanding of organizational phenomena. A recent paper published in this journal by the authors reported the results of a laboratory experiment examining the effect of several psychological influences on strategic decisions. This note reports the results of a survey in which executives and MBA sudents were asked to predict the results of the experiment. Although the respondent predictions were consistent, their overall set of predictions was inaccurate.
Alterations in antibody subclass immune reactivity to trophoblast-derived fetal fibronectin and α2-macroglobulin in women with recurrent pregnancy loss.

Problem Increasing evidence supports the involvement of complex antibody-mediated immunologic events at the decidua–trophoblast interface. Our objective is to define the humoral immune responses of pregnant women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) compared with gestation-age-matched and non-pregnant controls in terms of trophoblast-derived antigenic targets and IgG subclasses. Method of study Immunoprecipitation and Western immunoblotting were performed to characterize IgG subclass reactivity to Sw.71 trophoblast–derived fetal fibronectin and alpha-2-macroglobulin, using serum obtained from first-trimester pregnant RPL subjects, gestation-age-matched controls, and non-pregnant controls. Results Using a generalized linear model, sera from women with a history of RPL exhibited increased IgG3 immunoreactivity to trophoblast-derived fetal fibronectin and alpha-2-macroglobulin compared with controls (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion IgG3 reactivity in women with RPL may play a significant role in aberrant immune-regulatory mechanisms in early pregnancy. Further investigations into the role of autoantibodies against trophoblast-derived proteins in implantation and pregnancy are warranted.
Participation’s Influence on Job Satisfaction The Importance of Job Characteristics

A structural equationmodel was proposed to analyze the impact of employee participation and job characteristics on job satisfaction. The current study found that participative decision making has a significant positive effect on performance feedback, task significance, and career development support. Performance feedback was positively related to job specificity and career development support. Task significance and career development support were, in turn, positively related to job satisfaction. These findings suggest that participation has an important, albeit indirect, effect on employee job satisfaction through its influence on job characteristics. The implications of these findings for public management are discussed.
Chromium and Vanadium Effects on Glucose Metabolism and Lipid Synthesis in the Chick

Abstract The effects of 20 ppm chromium (CrCl3·6H2 O) and/or 20 ppm vanadium (NaVO3·nH2 O) on growth, glucose metabolism, and lipid synthesis in chicks were studied in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment. Chicks were fed experimental diets from day-old to 3 weeks of age. At 3 weeks, four chicks per treatment were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 250 μCi 3 H2 O and 4 μCi [U-14 C]glucose. Chicks were bled by cardiac puncture and killed 30 min postinjection. Dietary vanadium reduced body and liver weights and liver cholesterol while serum cholesterol was increased. Chromium had no effect on these parameters and there was no significant interaction of chromium with vanadium. Chromium and vanadium each increased 14 C incorporation into liver fatty acids over that of controls. However, the combination of chromium and vanadium was without effect so that the interaction was significant. Incorporation of 3 H from H2 O into liver fatty acids paralleled that of 14 C from glucose for all treatments. In vitro studies on the uptake and oxidation of glucose by liver slices from chicks fed the basal diet were conducted. Chromium increased the rate of glucose utilization 16% over control and vanadium increased the rate by 33%. The combination of chromium and vanadium was no different from vanadium alone. A chromium vanadium antagonism was observed in some metabolic processes but not on body or organ weight.
Families' Experiences in Different Homeless and Highly Mobile Settings: Implications for School and Community Practice.

Family homelessness has been on the rise throughout the United States in recent years. As a result, more schools and communities than ever are challenged to serve students whose lives are touched b...
Altered B Cell Development and Anergy in the Absence of Foxp3

The importance of regulatory T cells in immune tolerance is illustrated by the human immune dysregulatory disorder IPEX (immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked), caused by a lack of regulatory T cells due to decreased or absent expression of Foxp3. Although the majority of work on regulatory T cells has focused on their ability to suppress T cell responses, the development of significant autoantibody titers in patients with IPEX suggests that regulatory T cells also contribute to the suppression of autoreactive B cells. Using a murine model, deficient in the expression of Foxp3, we show that B cell development is significantly altered in the absence of regulatory T cells. Furthermore, we identify a loss of B cell anergy as a likely mechanism to explain the production of autoantibodies that occurs in the absence of regulatory T cells. Our results suggest that regulatory T cells, by either direct or indirect mechanisms, modulate B cell development and anergy.
Immunotoxicological and neurotoxicological profile of health effects following subacute exposure to geogenic dust from sand dunes at the Nellis Dunes Recreation Area, Las Vegas, NV

Exposure to geogenic particulate matter (PM) comprised of mineral particles has been linked to human health effects. However, very little data exist on health effects associated with geogenic dust exposure in natural settings. Therefore, we characterized particulate matter size, metal chemistry, and health effects of dust collected from the Nellis Dunes Recreation Area (NDRA), a popular off-road vehicle area located near Las Vegas, NV. Adult female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to several concentrations of mineral dust collected from active and vegetated sand dunes in NDRA. Dust samples (median diameter: 4.4 μm) were suspended in phosphate-buffered saline and delivered at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 100 mg dust/kg body weight by oropharyngeal aspiration. ICP-MS analyses of total dissolution of the dust resulted in aluminum (55,090 μg/g), vanadium (70 μg/g), chromium (33 μg/g), manganese (511 μg/g), iron (21,600 μg/g), cobalt (9.4 μg/g), copper (69 μg/g), zinc (79 μg/g), arsenic (62 μg/g), strontium (620 μg/g), cesium (13 μg/g), lead 25 μg/g) and uranium (4.7 μg/g). Arsenic was present only as As(V). Mice received four exposures, once/week over 28-days to mimic a month of weekend exposures. Descriptive and functional assays to assess immunotoxicity and neurotoxicity were performed 24 h after the final exposure. The primary observation was that 0.1 to 100 mg/kg of this sand dune derived dust dose-responsively reduced antigen-specific IgM antibody responses, suggesting that dust from this area of NDRA may present a potential health risk.
‘Struck, As It Were, with Madness’: Phenomenology and Animal Spirits in the Neuropathology of Thomas Willis

Thomas Willis has been criticized for sowing the first seeds of what would become the contemporary reductive turn in psychiatric medicine. Yet an examination of his theory of animal spirits, the keystone of his neurology, reveals that an ineradicable phenomenology remains at the core of his conception of mental illness. While many of Willis’s explanations for psychopathological processes are couched in iatrochemical terms, the felt experience of mental illness maintains a place in his explanations as well as in his descriptions. In the case of many neurological disorders – especially those that are not caused by gross brain trauma – Willis attributes causal power to the disposition of the animal spirits, which themselves display the familiar symptoms of madness. Set against contemporary psychiatric nosology, wherein scientific and phenomenological accounts are only uneasily incorporated, Willis offers a different perspective: the body and its parts constitute but do not render epiphenomenal the phenomenology of mental suffering that was – and remains – the crucial diagnostic measure of psychopathology. In this regard Willis stands in important contrast to his contemporary Rene Descartes, whose dualism has dominated explorations of the problem of embodiment in the early modern period.
3D printing in the classroom and laboratory

A revolution in 3D printing is now taking place fueled by the availability of small, personal, desktop 3D printers at affordable prices. Just as the availability of computer graphics on desktop computers made digital modeling a common tool of scientists and artists, we now have low cost 3D printers making it possible for 3D rapid prototyping in science labs, sculptors' studios and university classrooms.
Abstract 111: Independence in Activities of Daily Living and Death in Patients wtih Heart Failure

Background: Several chronic diseases can contribute to functional disability. However, little is known about functional disability and its progression overtime in chronic heart failure (HF). We aimed to investigate the prevalence and progression of difficulty with activities of daily living (ADLs) and its association with mortality in patients with HF. Methods: We enrolled Southeastern Minnesota residents with HF into a longitudinal study from September 2, 2003 through January 31, 2012. A patient’s difficulty with 9 ADLs (feeding themselves, dressing, toileting, housekeeping, climbing stairs, bathing, walking, using transportation, managing medications) was assessed by questionnaire. Patients were followed for all-cause mortality. Using Rasch analysis to determine the order of ADL difficulty, patients were divided into 3 categories (minimal, moderate, severe difficulty). Predictors of ADL difficulty were assessed using negative binomial regression and the association between ADL difficulty and death with Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: Among 1128 patients (mean age 74.7 years, 49.2% female), most (59.4%) reported difficulty with one or more ADLs at enrollment, with 272 (24.1%) and 146 (12.9%) reporting moderate and severe difficulty, respectively. The independent predictors of difficulty with ADLs were older age, female sex, diabetes, morbid obesity, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, anemia, and unmarried status. After a mean (SD) follow-up of 3.2 (2.4) years, 615 (54.5%) patients had died. There was a stepwise increase in the risk of death as difficulty with ADLs increased ( Figure ). After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidity, the HR (95% CI) for mortality was 1.52 (1.25-1.83, p<0.001) for patients with moderate and 2.28 (1.82-2.85, p<0.001) for those with severe difficulty with ADLs compared to those with minimal difficulty (p for trend<0.001). In most patients (73.5%), difficulty with ADLs was stable over time. However, survivors reporting persistently severe or worsening ADL difficulty in a second assessment (median 9 months later) were at an increased risk of subsequent mortality (adjusted HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.70-2.55, p<0.001). Conclusions: Functional disability is common in patients with HF, can progress over time, and is independently associated with adverse prognosis. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
The Collaborative Construction of the Clinical Mind: Excellence in Patient Care through Cognitive Integration of Basic Sciences Concepts into Routine Clinical Practice

Why do physicians require a strong foundational understanding of the basic sciences to routinely provide safe and effective clinical care? How do basic science and clinical educators collaborate to ensure medical students graduate with a fully integrated and applicable knowledge base? On the surface, these seem simple questions, and yet simple answers elude us as we engage in ongoing cycles of curriculum reform. Certainly, few would argue that the explosion in biomedical discoveries and the expansion of translational research demand that today’s physician understand the sciences relevant to the newest diagnostic testing and therapies. Further, most physician educators I’ve spoken with strongly believe that excellent clinicians ‘think like scientists’—applying an investigator’s mind to the patient who presents with unusual symptoms, responds unexpectedly to standard therapy, or doesn’t respond at all—implying that the early years of the medical curriculum provide a physician with these skills. But do they?
Posttranslational Protein Modifications in Plant Metabolism

Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins greatly expand proteome diversity, increase functionality, and allow for rapid responses, all at relatively low costs for the cell. PTMs play key roles in plants through their impact on signaling, gene expression, protein stability and interactions, and enzyme kinetics. Following a brief discussion of the experimental and bioinformatics challenges of PTM identification, localization, and quantification (occupancy), a concise overview is provided of the major PTMs and their (potential) functional consequences in plants, with emphasis on plant metabolism. Classic examples that illustrate the regulation of plant metabolic enzymes and pathways by PTMs and their cross talk are summarized. Recent large-scale proteomics studies mapped many PTMs to a wide range of metabolic functions. Unraveling of the PTM code, i.e. a predictive understanding of the (combinatorial) consequences of PTMs, is needed to convert this growing wealth of data into an understanding of plant metabolic regulation.
Macrocyclization of the ATCUN motif controls metal binding and catalysis.

We report the design, synthesis, and characterization of macrocyclic analogues of the amino-terminal copper and nickel binding (ATCUN) motif. These macrocycles have altered pH transitions for metal binding, and unlike linear ATCUN motifs, the optimal cyclic peptide 1 binds Cu(II) selectively over Ni(II) at physiological pH. UV–vis and EPR spectroscopy showed that cyclic peptide 1 can coordinate Cu(II) or Ni(II) in a square planar geometry. Metal binding titration and ESI-MS data revealed a 1:1 binding stoichiometry. Macrocyclization allows for coordination of Cu(II) or Ni(II) as in linear ATCUN motifs, but with enhanced DNA cleavage by the Cu(II)-1 complex relative to linear analogues. The Cu(II)-1 complex was also capable of producing diffusible hydroxyl radicals, which is unique among ATCUN motifs and most other common copper(II) chelators.
Causes of Neonatal Hypoglycemic Brain Injury

Perinatal factors associated with hypoglycemic brain injury were studied by review of medical records in 60 hypoglycemic neonates at Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
Colloidal Gold and DNA System for Mercury Ion Detection in Food

[Objective]To establish a simple and rapid method for mercury ion detection.[Methods]Variations of D660nm/D530nm before and after adding mercury ion were compared through the spectroscopy of colloidal gold and DNA system which was scanned with a spectrophotometer to determine the content of mercury ion.[Results]The linear range of this method was0.1-2.0μg/L,the correlation coefficient(r) was 0.995,and the detection limit was 0.2μg/kg.[Conclusion]The method based on colloidal gold and DNA system is simple and rapid for mercury ion detection in food.
Trajectory Control of 3-TPS Hybrid Robot Based on Clipper Controller

An open CNC system of 3-TPS hybrid robot based on the Clipper controller was proposed according to the characteristics of motion performance and structure of 3-TPS hybrid robot.To solve the key questions of the angle coupling swing head with rotary table and variant of tool edit position by rotary table motion,a mathematical model of inverse kinematics position was established for the hybrid robot.The model was transformed to the position motion control algorithm based on the hardware platform,and the experiment of spiral trajectory was conducted on the sphere surface.The results showed that the control system can satisfy in control command of robot,the kinematics model and control algorithm are accurate and reasonable.
Activity recognition based on home to home transfer learning

Activity recognition plays an important role in many areas such as smart environments by offering unprecedented opportunities for assisted living, automation, security and energy efficiency. It's also an essential component for planning and plan recognition in smart environments. One challenge of activity recognition is the need for collecting and annotating huge amounts of data for each new physical setting in order to be able to carry out the conventional activity discovery and recognition algorithms. This extensive initial phase of data collection and annotation results in a prolonged installation process and excessive time investment for each new space. In this paper we propose a new method of transferring learned knowledge of activities to a new physical space in order to leverage the learning process in the new environment. Our method called "Home to Home Transfer Learning" (HHTL) is based on using a semi EM framework and modeling activities using structural, temporal and spatial features. This method allows us to avoid the tedious task of collecting and labeling huge amounts of data in the target space, and allows for a more accelerated and more scalable deployment cycle in the real world. It also allows us to exploit the insights learned in previous spaces. To validate our algorithms, we use the data collected in several smart apartments with different physical layouts.
Reversible, Room Temperature Bonding of Glass Devices for Microfluidics

This chapter describes a procedure for bonding glass microdevice substrates to their top plates by contact alone. This method results in devices that are robustly bonded but that can be separated, cleaned, and reused. For glass chips that have been used for applications involving the transport of hard particles, cells, or other biological material, reversible bonding provides a way of increasing the chip's lifetime and utility. Glass microdevices that are cleaned following this procedure can be successfully used many times for electrophoresis or pressure-driven applications.
ATUAÇÃO DO PODER JUDICIÁRIO NAS INTERNAÇÕES COMPULSÓRIAS DEDEPENDENTES QUÍMICOS

Os efeitos mentais causados pela dependencia quimica sao devastadores, podendo colocar o toxicomano em situacao de risco para si e para terceiros devido ao alto grau de dependencia, e, diante disto, o Estado pode, por meio do Poder Judiciario, lancar mao de medida que, apesar de extrema, tem por fim preservar a saude do usuario, bem como sua vida e dignidade humana e, por consequencia, a paz social, qual seja, a internacao compulsoria prevista na Lei n.o 10.216/01.
AAV Delivery of Endothelin-1 shRNA Attenuates Cold-Induced Hypertension.

Cold temperatures are associated with increased prevalence of hypertension. Cold exposure increases endothelin-1 (ET1) production. The purpose of this study is to determine whether upregulation of ET1 contributes to cold-induced hypertension (CIH). In vivo RNAi silencing of the ET1 gene was achieved by adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) delivery of ET1 short-hairpin small interfering RNA (ET1-shRNA). Four groups of male rats were used. Three groups were given AAV.ET1-shRNA, AAV.SC-shRNA (scrambled shRNA), and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), respectively, before exposure to a moderately cold environment (6.7 ± 2°C), while the last group was given PBS and kept at room temperature (warm, 24 ± 2°C) and served as a control. We found that systolic blood pressure of the PBS-treated and SC-shRNA–treated groups increased significantly within 2 weeks of exposure to cold, reached a peak level (145 ± 4.8 mmHg) by 6 weeks, and remained elevated thereafter. By contrast, blood pressure of the ET1-shRNA-treated group did n...
Silver free III-nitride flip chip light-emitting-diode with wall plug efficiency over 70% utilizing a GaN tunnel junction

A molecular beam epitaxy regrowth technique was demonstrated on standard industrial patterned sapphire substrate light-emitting diode (LED) epitaxial wafers emitting at 455 nm to form a GaN tunnel junction. By using an HF pretreatment on the wafers before regrowth, a voltage of 3.08 V at 20 A/cm2 was achieved on small area devices. A high extraction package was developed for comparison with flip chip devices which utilize an LED floating in silicone over a BaSO4 coated header and produced a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 78%. A high reflectivity mirror was designed using a seven-layer dielectric coating backed by aluminum which has a calculated angular averaged reflectivity over 98% between 400 and 500 nm. This was utilized to fabricate a flip chip LED which had a peak EQE and wall plug efficiency of 76% and 73%, respectively. This flip chip could increase light extraction over a traditional flip chip LED due to the increased reflectivity of the dielectric based mirror.
Use of a Fertile Egg Injection Technique to Assess Toxicity of Chlorinated Compounds Found in Drinking Water1

Screening of contaminants found in drinking water and those used to render water potable showed none to be extremely toxic. Other contaminants varied in toxicity from practically non-toxic to highly toxic. Sanitizers used in the food industry, sodium hypochlorite and iodophor, while presenting slight to moderate toxicity in undiluted concentrations, showed insignificant toxicity at use levels.
Chemicals From Lignin

Lignin is the only natural source of aromatic compounds; it can serve as a renewable and sustainable source of specialty liquid fuels and chemicals. However, current technology has largely been limited to the use of lignin as combustion fuel, and the valorization of lignin into value-added products remains underdeveloped. This article provides a brief review on products that can be derived from lignin, their utilization, and potential commercial value. Furthermore, environmental and sustainability benefits from lignin depolymerization and upgrading by different technologies are discussed.
Workflow-Supported Invoice Management: The Case of a System Implementation

The case study describes the implementation of a workflow management application at large media company. It shows how an organization created business value through information technology and process automation. Benefits of the system in terms of operational efficiency and organizational performance are discussed. Limitations are also identified.
Performance Assessment of Steel Moment-Resisting Frame Structures Using Fragility Methodology

AbstractThis paper presents a probabilistic study using the fragility function method for the performance assessment of two 1/6-scale, single-bay, three- and eight-story steel moment-resisting fram...
L-GATOR: Genetic Association Testing for a Longitudinally Measured Quantitative Trait in Samples with Related Individuals

In complex-trait mapping, when each subject has multiple measurements of a quantitative trait over time, power for detecting genetic association can be gained by the inclusion of all measurements and not just single time points or averages in the analysis. To increase power and control type 1 error, one should account for dependence among observations for a single individual as well as dependence between observations of related individuals if they are present in the sample. We propose L-GATOR, a retrospective, mixed-effects method for association mapping of longitudinally measured traits in samples with related individuals. L-GATOR allows arbitrary time points for different individuals, incorporates both time-varying and static covariates, and properly addresses various types of dependence. In simulations, we show that L-GATOR outperforms existing prospective methods in terms of both type 1 error and power when there is phenotype model misspecification or missing data. Compared with the previously proposed longGWAS method, L-GATOR was more than ten times faster for association testing in our simulations and almost 100 times faster for parameter estimation. L-GATOR is applicable to essentially arbitrary combinations of related and unrelated individuals, including small families as well as large, complex pedigrees. We apply the method to data from the Framingham Heart Study to identify association between longitudinal systolic blood pressure measurements and genome-wide SNPs. Of the smallest p values, one-third occur in or near genes that have been previously identified as associated with pulse pressure (such as PIK3CG) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (such as C10orf107), showing that L-GATOR is able to prioritize relevant loci in a genome screen.
Moral Readings of the Court: Discrimination Cases in the U.S. Supreme Court

What moral readings characterize contemporary U.S. Supreme Court opinions on discrimination by race; ethnicity; religion; gender; sexuality; and disabilities? John Rohr and the Constitutional Schoo...
The World of Concession Bargaining

Concession bargaining is the mirror image of conventional collective bargaining as employers act and unions react, rather than the reverse. Concession bargaining is shaped more by the employer’s ability to pay than by the other factors brought up at the bargaining table such as changes in the cost of living or labor productivity. The basic assumptions of concession bargaining are employer credibility (that employers have made credible cases of hardship); the quid pro quo (that the union gets something (usually job security) in return for what it gives (usually lower wages and benefits)); and a sense of “for this time only” (that concessions are made only once and not repeated). Concession bargaining is discussed in terms of wage freezes and cuts, two-tiered wage systems, the duration of collective bargaining agreements, health care benefits, pensions, and work rules.
Word frequency effects on the processing of subject-verb number agreement.

This paper examines the role of word frequency in the computation of subject–verb number agreement. Previous research in both production and comprehension has demonstrated that processing difficulties can arise in sentence structures containing a singular subject noun followed by a plural “distractor” noun, as in The key to the cabinets.¨ A whole sentence reading task was employed to determine whether the relative frequency with which the distractor noun appears in its singular or plural form would affect the degree of processing difficulty experienced by readers. Results suggest that the agreement process is, indeed, sensitive to this factor and this finding is compatible with activation-based accounts of the implementation of number agreement.
Molecular mechanisms of cardiac gene expression.

Although the physiological properties of the myocardium and their dynamic character have been the focus of intense research during the past three decades, the biochemical and molecular correlates underlying cardiac development and performance have, until recently, remained poorly understood. The development of modern cellular and molecular biology has provided the necessary tools to undertake the study of the mechanisms involved in cardiac development and to understand the basis for important clinical and experimental problems in cardiovascular physiology. Most of the gene encoding contractile proteins have been cloned and characterized.The availability of molecular probes and the ability to introduce genes into individual cell types and tissues of living animals, are the most important breakthroughs of molecular and cell biology This permits not only to analyze basic mechanisms of gene expression but has also significant practical applications for gene therapy. It is now possible to analyze the role of different regulatory gene sequences and identify their corresponding trans-active factors. In addition, direct gene injection makes it possible to study gene expression in a natural context, under conditions that are physiologically relevant and controlable.
Pricing Collateralized Swaps

Interest rate swap pricing theory traditionally views swaps as portfolios of forward contracts with net swap payments discounted using the LIBOR curve. Current market practices of marking-to-market and collateralization question this view. Collateralization and marking-to-market affects discounting of swap payments (through altered default characteristics) and introduces intermediate cash-flows. This paper provides a theory of swap valuation under collateralization and we find evidence supporting the presence of costly collateral. Using Eurodollar futures rates, we find evidence that swaps are priced above the traditional portfolio of forwards value and below a portfolio of futures value. Moreover, the effect of collateral is time varying. We estimate a term structure model to characterize the cost of collateral and quantify its effect on swap rates.
Sensitive Fluorimetric Assay for Serum Angiotensin-converting Enzyme with the Natural Substrate Angiotensin I

A simple, rapid, highly sensitive and reproducible fluorimetric assay for angiotensin-converting enzyme in untreated serum using the natural substrate based on a similar assay with hippuryl-L-histidine-L-leucine is described. Angiotensin I (0.2 mM in 0.1 M potassium phosphate-30 mM NaCl, pH 7.5; 37 C) is converted to angiotensin II and L-histidyl-L-leucine, which is quantified fluorimetrically (excitation = 360 nm; fluorescence, 500 nm) by formation of a fluorescent adduct with O-phthaldialdehyde. L-Histidyl-L-leucine peptidase was also monitored in order to correct for significant activity, which was observed only once, in less than 1% sera. The mean value of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme in sera from 45 normal subjects was 4.69+/-0.194 (SEM)+/-1.30 (SD) nmol/min/ml serum, compared with 31.7+/-1.53 (SEM)+/-10.3(SD) with the substrate analog hippuryl-L-histidine-L-leucine. There was a high degree of correlation between the velocity of cleavage of angiotensin I and hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine (r - 0.903 to 0.993). The assay of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme is of use in the diagnosis and possible management of sarcoidosis and Gaucher's disease, and may have other applications.
Modeling country entrepreneurial activity to inform entrepreneurial-marketing research

Abstract In 2002, Morris, Schindehutte and LaForge published a seminal work on entrepreneurial marketing (EM) that prominently featured external environmental conditions as a primary influence on the firm. Since then, EM researchers have devoted scant attention to these external environmental conditions. Not surprisingly, important explanations for EM have remained underdeveloped, such as EM as a strategic response to environmental change and turbulence. This study applies two approaches in structural equation modeling (component-based PLS-SEM and covariancebased CB-SEM) to the analysis of the 2016 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data for the purpose of better understanding the external environment for firms' entrepreneurial marketing. The model in the study based on data from 65 countries aggregated at the country level, suggested potential entrepreneurs' perceptions of entrepreneurship influence entrepreneurship activity in societies positively, but are not influenced by constructs of the entrepreneurial ecosystem representing institutions of society, such as government programs and policies.
Exploiting Telnet Security Flaws in the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a developing technology which allows any type of network device inside a home to be linked together. IoT is based on older Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology and has been reduced to smaller size and scale for home use. However, both the original WSN and developing IoT technology has inherent security flaws. This paper identifies and evaluates security issues and their underlying causes in IoT technology. We focus on IoT reliance on known exploitable network ports and the difficulty of recovering from such attacks. Most IoT implementations utilize Telnet to communicate between devices. We explore the vulnerability of Telnet connections through a simulated IoT environment. Our results show that Telnet vulnerabilities can be exploited by attackers and grant access over IoT devices allowing the modification of devices and subtle spying on any data being transmitted.
Disruption of plE2, the gene for the E2 subunit of the plastid pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, in Arabidopsis causes an early embryo lethal phenotype.

The pyruvate dehydrogenase multi-enzyme complex is the main source of acetyl-CoA formation in the plastids of plants and is composed of multiple copies of four different subunits, E1α, E1β, E2, and E3. A T-DNA insertion into the gene for the plastidic E2 (dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase) subunit, plE2, of the complex in Arabidopsis destroys the expression of that gene. The resulting mutation has no apparent phenotype in the heterozygous state, but the homozygous mutation is lethal. Haploid sperm and eggs that contain only the disrupted plE2 gene function normally resulting in the formation of an embryo that is homozygous for the mutation. This embryo only develops to an early stage before the development arrests resulting in an early embryo-lethal phenotype. While the mutation could not be complemented with the cDNA for the plE2 gene under control of the 35S, the AtSERK1, or the napin promoter, it could be complemented using the endogenous plE2 promoter to drive expression of the plE2 cDNA. This verifies the essential nature of the plastidic pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and its role in embryo formation.