cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Myocardial infarction and stroke as the presenting symptoms of acute myeloid leukemia.

Abstract Background: Hyperleukocytosis in acute leukemia is associated with lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and central nervous system complications. Patients with hyperleukocytosis have lower complete remission rates and have a higher mortality rate, primarily from intracranial hemorrhage. Objectives: To present the potential complications from extreme leukocytosis. Case Report: A 76-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department with chest pain, right-sided weakness, and decreased responsiveness. He was diagnosed with both an acute stroke and myocardial infarction due to extreme leukocytosis from acute myeloid leukemia. Each of these complications by itself would be an unusual manifestation of hyperleukocytosis. To the best of the author's knowledge, this represents the first reported case of these two complications simultaneously from extreme leukocytosis. Conclusions: Patients with acute leukemia may present with hyperleukocytosis, which may result in decreased tissue perfusion. Ischemia occurring in the heart can lead to an acute myocardial infarction, whereas ischemia in the brain can lead to a stroke. These events may, on occasion, be the initial presentation of leukemia. Rapid identification and treatment of the hyperleukocytosis may prevent these complications.
Dahil Sa Iyo: The performative power of Imelda's song

In “Dahil Sa Iyo: The Performative Power of Imelda's Song,” Christine Bacareza Balance articulates the role of musical performance in the shaping of the “spectacular politics” of the former Philippine first lady. The article argues against depoliticized aesthetic and critical practices that attempt to separate art from politics. Instead, the article suggests that it was the deployment of musical art forms in Marcos’ performance of self that could bolster the execution of the Marcos’ political agenda, characterized by corruption, extra-juridical violence, and human rights abuse. Thus, the article concludes with a turn to artistic renderings of Marcos, arguing that such performances map the relationship between US imperialism, Filipino history, and the intimate sphere of Filipino America.
Chemoprevention of spontaneous intestinal adenomas in the adenomatous polyposis coli Min mouse model with aspirin.

Abstract Background & Aims: Colorectal cancer is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in the United States and other Western countries. Epidemiological and experimental data indicate that regular use of aspirin reduces colon cancer risk. This study was designed to determine if aspirin would significantly inhibit gastrointestinal tumor formation in a mouse model of familial adenomatous polyposis. Methods: Six-week-old male and female C57BL/6J +/+ (control) and C57BL/6J Apc Min /+ ( Min ) mice were fed either a control AIN-76A diet or one supplemented with 250 or 500 parts per million (ppm) aspirin (n = 6 per group) for 7 weeks. Results: All of the Min mice, but no control mice, developed gastrointestinal tumors. Aspirin significantly reduced tumor multiplicity (number of tumors per mouse) in the small intestine, but not the colon, from an average of 35.8 tumors per mouse (control diet) to 16 and 18.5 tumors per mouse with 250 and 500 ppm aspirin, respectively. Total tumor load (sum of tumor diameters per mouse) was also significantly reduced, from 93.2 mm in total diameter to 40.4 and 45.0 mm with 250 and 500 ppm aspirin, respectively. Results were not significantly different because of sex or aspirin dose. Conclusions: High doses of aspirin are effective chemopreventive agents in a mouse model of spontaneous intestinal tumor formation. GASTROENTEROLOGY 1998;114:873-877
Effects of Landscape Composition and Structure on Core Use Areas of Raccoons (Procyon Lotor) in a Prairie Landscape

ABSTRACT Raccoons are habitat generalists, existing in a variety of landscapes. Although known to inhabit prairie landscapes, few studies have examined habitat selection of raccoons within these environs and relationships between landscape structure and habitat selection are poorly understood in prairie systems. We monitored 64 radio-marked raccoons on a prairie landscape in Mississippi during 1997–2001. We subsequently used space use estimates to generate predictive models of habitat use. Probability of use by raccoons increased with increasing patch size of rowcrops and forested areas and proximity to available water sources (lakes, streams). Space use also was positively related to increasing amounts of edge associated with rowcrop fields and forested habitat patches. Our findings suggest that in prairie landscapes, rowcrop fields providing quality forages, water sources and riparian forests and woodlots greatly influence space use, attributable to life history and ecological strategies satisfied by th...
DIVERSITY OF A GRASSLAND RODENT COMMUNITY AT VARYING TEMPORAL SCALES: THE ROLE OF ECOLOGICALLY DOMINANT SPECIES

Abstract Using a long-term data set (1989–1999), we examined how changes in abundance of 2 ecologically dominant species, prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) and hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus), affected the local diversity of a grassland rodent community at varying temporal scales. Species richness was associated positively with long-term fluctuations in the abundance of prairie voles and cotton rats over the 10-year period. Although increased vole densities consistently had a significantly negative effect on total community evenness, evenness of other community members was unaffected by fluctuating vole densities. Presence of cotton rats negatively affected both the relative abundance of other community members and the species richness during the years of high density (1991–1995), but did not exhibit longer-term influences. Thus, despite their numerical dominance, changes in prairie vole abundance had little ecological effect on the rest of the community, whereas the influence of cotton rats was...
Roosting Requirements of Two Frugivorous Bats (Sturnira lilium and Arbiteus intermedius) in Fragmented Neotropical Forest1

As tropical forest fragmentation accelerates, scientists are concerned with the loss of species, particularly those that play important ecological roles. Because bats play a vital role as the primary seed dispersers in cleared areas, maintaining healthy bat populations is critical to natural forest regeneration. Observations of foraging bats suggest that many Neotropical fruit-eating species have fairly general habitat requirements and can forage in many different kinds of disturbed vegetation; however, their roosting requirements may be quite different. To test whether or not general foraging requirements are matched by equally broad roosting requirements, we used radiotelemetry to locate roost sites of two common frugivorous bat species (Sturnira lilium and Artibeus intermedius) in a fragmented forest in southeastern Mexico. Sturnira lilium roosted inside tree cavities and selected large-diameter roost trees in remnant patches of mature forest. Fewer than 2 percent of trees surveyed had a mean diameter equal to or greater than roost trees used by S. lilium. Artibeus intermedius roosted externally on branches and vines and under palm leaves and selected roost trees of much smaller diameter. Compared to random trees, roost trees chosen by A. intermedius were closer to neighboring taller trees and also closer in height to these trees. Such trees likely provide cryptic roosts beneath multiple overlapping crowns, with sufficient shelter from predators and the elements. While males of A. intermedius generally roosted alone in small trees within secondary forest, females roosted in small groups in larger trees within mature forest and commuted more than three times farther than males to reach their roost sites. Loss of mature forest could impair the ability of frugivorous bats to locate suitable roost sites. This could have a negative impact on bat populations, which in turn could decrease forest regeneration in impacted areas.
Substance P induces cardioprotection in ischemia-reperfusion via activation of AKT

Accumulating evidence indicates that substance P is cardioprotective following ischemia-reperfusion primarily due to its potent coronary vasodilator actions. However, an anti-apoptotic effect of substance P has been observed in tenocytes following ischemia, which involved activation of the AKT pathway. This suggests the possibility that substance P also provides cardioprotection via direct actions to activate AKT in myocardial cells. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that substance P attenuates ischemia-related cell death via direct effects on myocardial cells by activating cell survival pathways. Seven-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium (100 mg/kg), were used. The ability of substance P to prevent cellular damage was assessed following ischemia-reperfusion in an isolated heart preparation and in short-term hypoxia without reperfusion using a left ventricular tissue slice culture preparation. In addition, the NK-1 receptor and AKT involvement was assessed using the NK-1 receptor antagonist L732138 and the AKT inhibitor LY294002. The results indicate that substance P reduced the ischemia-related release of lactate dehydrogenase in both preparations and the degree of apoptosis and necrosis in the hypoxic left ventricular slices, indicating its ability to attenuate cell damage; and induced AKT phosphorylation, with both the AKT inhibitor and NK-1 receptor antagonist preventing the increased phosphorylation of AKT and the ability of substance P to attenuate hypoxic cellular damage. It is concluded that substance P reduces ischemia/hypoxia-induced myocardial cell death by acting directly on cardiac cells to initiate cell survival pathways via the NK-1 receptor and AKT.
An economic analysis of the Cattlemen’s Beef Promotion and Research Board demand-enhancing programmes

ABSTRACTThe research reported here addressed two objectives. The first objective was to measure the overall impact of the Cattlemen’s Beef Board as well as eight-specific advertising, promotion and research activities on US beef demand. The second objective was to compute marginal benefit–cost ratios (BCRs) for the eight individual checkoff activities and for the overall programme. The results indicated that Cattlemen’s Beef Board’s Promotion activities increased total domestic beef demand by 15.7 billion pounds in total, or 2.1 billion pounds per year between 2006 and 2014. Collectively, the overall marginal BCR for all Cattlemen’s Beef Board activities was $11.20.
Deciphering thrust fault nucleation and propagation and the importance of footwall synclines

Abstract In this paper, we analyze small scale examples of thrust faults and related folding in outcrops of the Cretaceous Boquillas Formation within Big Bend National Park in west Texas to develop detailed understanding of the fault nucleation and propagation that may aid in the interpretation of larger thrust system structure. Thrust faults in the outcrop have maximum displacements ranging from 0.5 cm to 9 cm within competent limestone beds, and these displacements diminish both upward into anticlines and downward into synclines within the interbedded and weaker mudrock layers. We interpret the faults as having nucleated within the competent units and partially propagated into the less competent units without developing floor or roof thrusts. Faults that continued to propagate resulted in hanging wall anticlines above upwardly propagating fault tips, and footwall synclines beneath downwardly propagating fault tips. The observed structural style may provide insights in the nucleation of faults at the formation scale and the structural development at the mountain-range scale. Decollement or detachment layers may be a consequence rather than cause of thrust ramps through competent units and could be over interpreted from seismic data.
An Occult of Irrelevance? Multimethod Research and Engagement with the Policy World

Many security studies scholars concerned with the policy relevance of the field have argued that the use of quantitative methods impairs policy relevance. I investigate this claim by looking at the relationship between research methods on the one hand and the supply of and demand for policy-relevant research on the other. I argue that scholars using quantitative methods, either on their own or in tandem with qualitative methods, appear to be increasingly likely to conduct and disseminate policy-relevant research. I also find that curricular changes in policy schools as well as new information technologies mean that policymakers are increasingly able to consume research based on quantitative methods. These trends suggest that the current focus on methodology as the explanation for policy irrelevance may be misplaced.
The Kakeya Problem

(1963). The Kakeya Problem. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 70, No. 7, pp. 697-706.
Distribution of serotonin among blood cells of the domestic fowl.

SummaryThe 5-HT content of whole blood of chickens is distributed mainly among the following cell types: (a) thrombocytes (50%), (b) lymphocytes (25–29%) and (c) polymorphs and monocytes (19–25%).The significantly higher number of thrombocytes in male and female blood largely accounts for the high level of whole blood 5-HT (50%) even though the average concentration per cell type is higher in the lymphocytes than any other type. The concentration of 5-HT per lymphocytes and thrombocytes of female blood was higher than in male blood and this accounts for the sex difference in whole blood 5-HT.
The Rumors of Television's Demise Have Been Greatly Exaggerated: What the Data Say about the Future of Television Content in a Child's DigitalWorld

There has been a great deal of controversy and speculation about the impact of the Internet and related digital media on traditional media, particularly television. Some have predicted—and sometimes purport to have discovered—a sharp decline in use of traditional media in general and television viewing in particular. Obviously, confirmation of the future awaits the passage of time. However, data of excellent quality and undeniable pertinence exist that identify the likely future pattern. Three representative national surveys of 8-18 year olds-- each about five years apart-- report on comprehensive media use in the United States. At the time of the first (1999), Internet use was well underway. By the time of the second (2004), Internet use had reached a high state of development, and by the time of the third (2009), wireless broadband was widely available for use in handheld devices, tablet computers, and portable laptops. Between 1999 and 2009, time spent on the Internet more than tripled (3.6x) and new uses, not significant at the time of the first survey, appeared by the second and third surveys. However, traditional media— screen, audio, print—did not see the drastic decreases many had expected. Instead, total time devoted to television content increased considerably, but real differences in how that content is being accessed have emerged.
The physician in the caricature.

(1961). The Physician in the Caricature. Postgraduate Medicine: Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 214-218.
Oxygen-18 Kinetic Isotope Effects of Nonheme Iron Enzymes HEPD and MPnS Support Iron(III) Superoxide as the Hydrogen Abstraction Species.

Nonheme iron oxygenases that carry out four-electron oxidations of substrate have been proposed to employ iron(III) superoxide species to initiate this reaction [Paria, S.; Que, L.; Paine, T. K. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 11129]. Here we report experimental evidence in support of this proposal. 18O KIEs were measured for two recently discovered mononuclear nonheme iron oxygenases: hydroxyethylphosphonate dioxygenase (HEPD) and methylphosphonate synthase (MPnS). Competitive 18O KIEs measured with deuterated substrates are larger than those measured with unlabeled substrates, which indicates that C–H cleavage must occur before an irreversible reductive step at molecular oxygen. A similar observation was previously used to implicate copper(II) superoxide in the H-abstraction reactions catalyzed by dopamine β-monooxygenase [Tian, G. C.; Klinman, J. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 8891] and peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase [Francisco, W. A.; Blackburn, N. J.; Klinman, J. P. Biochemistry 2003,...
Chaparral recovery following a major fire with variable burn conditions

Wildfires are a common occurrence in California shrublands, maintaining ecosystem functions with the regeneration of key shrub species. The Cedar Fire of 2003 in southern California was unique in that a portion of it burned with wildfire accelerated by dry, strong northeasterly Santa Ana winds that later subsided, while the remaining area burned under an onshore, westerly wind of lower velocity and higher humidity. These nearby areas, having similar terrain, fuel type, and environments, burned under these different conditions. Our goal is to understand the connection between vegetation response to extreme fire events by analysing life-form regrowth in chaparral from the Santa Ana wind driven, Santa Ana backing, and non-Santa Ana fire types. Study sites representing these three fire conditions were based on fire progression maps generated from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer MODIS hotspot data. Shrub cover before and six years after the fire were mapped based on a spatial contextual classifier applied to colour infrared orthoimagery, and analysed per slope aspect and angle, elevation, and fire characteristic categories to isolate shrub regrowth patterns. Six years after the fire, shrub cover in the Santa Ana wind driven site was substantially lower than in the other two sites. Such differences in shrub cover at the landscape scale may have resulted from different wind speed, direction, and humidity during the fire, coupled with terrain differences on wildfire behaviour and different rates of recovery associated primarily with moisture availability to plants. The information gathered from this study can help land managers assess shrub regrowth and possibility of vegetation type change after extreme fire events in southern California shrubland ecosystems.
Plath’s Hospital Writing

It was not that Sylvia Plath went from having the experience of breakdown and recovery in 1953 to immediately begin writing probingly about it. Rather, as soon as she came under the control of her mother once more, she began writing about the various disguised personas that she was comfortable with. Of course, she did not write seriously for many months: all her energies went into staying up with her coursework, trying to come to terms with her memory loss, and proving to friends and acquaintances at Smith and on other campuses that she was herself again — whoever that self might be. One of the reasons during her writing of The Bell Jar in 1961 that she chose to end the book with Esther still in the hospital is that such a conclusion obviated her re-living the following years, times of discontent and anger, times of even more outright conflict with her mother.
US–China military relations: competition and cooperation

ABSTRACTChina’s efforts to build a ‘new type of great power relations’ and a ‘new type of military-to-military relations’ do not constitute a major turning point in relations with the United States. Political relations set limits on military cooperation, and the two sides have been unable to construct a sustainable strategic basis for relations. This has contributed to an ‘on-again, off-again’ pattern in military ties. Trends show a pattern of frequent disruptions in military-to-military relations from 2000 to 2010, followed by an increase in interactions beginning in 2012. Nevertheless, obstacles on both sides are likely to limit mutual trust and constrain future development of military-to-military relations.
Coupled zircon Lu–Hf and U–Pb isotopic analyses of the oldest terrestrial crust, the >4.03 Ga Acasta Gneiss Complex

Abstract The Acasta Gneiss Complex of the Northwest Territories, Canada, contains some of the earliest terrestrial continental crust and thus provides a critical sample set for characterization of crust-forming processes on the early Earth. Here we report the results of a combined Lu–Hf and U–Pb isotopic study of zircons from predominantly felsic orthogneisses from the Acasta Gneiss Complex that crystallized between ∼4.0 and 2.9 Ga, many of which contain complex zoning and therefore require an analytical treatment suited to distinguish amongst compositionally distinct age and Hf isotopic domains. To ensure the reliability of the analyses and of subsequent geologic interpretations, we employed the laser ablation split-stream (LASS) technique to concurrently measure the Lu–Hf and U–Pb isotopic systems in zircon. Our results confirm prior findings of precursor Hadean crust (>4.0 Ga) in the source of these rocks and the continued involvement of this reservoir until ∼3.6 Ga. We present evidence for the input of relatively more juvenile material at ∼3.6 Ga, which we suggest corresponds to a fundamental change in the source of the magmas. This study extends the lower bound of the published Acasta Hf isotopic record from 3.6 Ga to 2.9 Ga and demonstrates that the ∼3.6 Ga–2.9 Ga interval is largely represented by reworking of relatively juvenile ∼3.6 Ga crust and the diminution of the >4.0 Ga crustal signal. Significantly, there is no evidence that rocks within the Acasta Gneiss Complex were derived from a strongly depleted mantle.
Supporting and caring for transgender and gender nonconforming youth in the urology practice

Summary Introduction Gender identity is a person's internal sense of gender, which may be different than the sex they were assigned at birth. Pediatric urologists are starting to see more transgender and gender non-conforming (TGN) youth and need to be able to provide culturally competent and appropriate care for these patients and their caregivers. This review will discuss common transgender terminology, specific health concerns and treatment options. Methods and materials A systematic literature review was performed on Medline ® , PubMed ® , and Google Scholar™ for key words transgender, gender dysphoria and gender identity disorder. Original research articles and relevant reviews were examined as well as transgender treatment guidelines from several organizations. These studies and expert opinion are summarized in this review. Results In this rapidly growing area of medicine, there is very little literature and few evidence-based studies. Treatment guidelines are based on small studies and expert opinion. Conclusion Transgender and gender nonconforming youth are at high risk for mental health concerns and other health disparities based on their gender identity. Pediatric urologists can create a safe and welcoming environment for these patients and their caregivers to discuss these matters. Providers who are able to provide competent care for TGN youth can improve outcomes for this group.
Using stratified privacy for personal reputation defense in online social networks

Personal reputation in online social networks is fundamentally different from privacy and has significantly different traits than enterprise reputation. We argue that personal reputation cannot be effectively managed and defended using contemporary online social networks privacy tools. In this paper, we propose a novel model for personal reputation management based on the concept of stratified privacy. We show that users of stratified privacy are better prepared to combat online harassment and reputation damage than traditional online social networks privacy based models, and are able to limit the damage to a minimum using the proposed tools. We also propose a declarative language, called GreenShip, that can be easily codified into a Facebook like convenient interface for social interaction for reputation defense in intuitive and flexible ways.
Growth potential of poplars in Northern Ireland.

The development of poplar planting in Northern Ireland is described. Results from an experiment comparing five cultivars (clones) planted in 1977 are presented and briefly discussed. Clones derived from P. trichocarpa are recommended as the most reliable and productive until more information becomes available. It is recommended that commercial poplar planting should be initially restricted to sheltered sites below 100m elevation. Soil pH should be above preferably exceed 5.0. It is suggested that, using P. trichocarpa, a timber yield of 24m3/ha/year could be achieved on suitable sites over a 15 year rotation.
Characteristics and outcomes of children with ductal-dependent congenital heart disease and esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula: A multi-institutional analysis

Abstract Background Extracardiac birth defects are associated with worse outcomes in congenital heart disease (CHD). The impact of esophageal atresia/trachea-esophageal fistula (EA/TEF) on outcomes after surgery for ductal-dependent CHD is unknown. Methods Retrospective matched cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System database from 07/2004 to 06/2015. Hospitalizations with ductal-dependent CHD and EA/TEF, undergoing CHD surgery were included as cases. Admissions with ductal-dependent CHD without EA/TEF were matched 3:1 for age at admission and Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery-1 classification. Comparisons were performed using generalized estimating equations. Results There were 124 cases and 372 controls. Cases included 32 (25.8%) low-risk, 86 (69.3%) intermediate-risk, and 6 (4.8%) high-risk patients. Cases had more females compared to controls (53.2% vs 41.1%, P = .022). Cases were more likely to be premature (28.2% vs 13.7%, P = .001) and low birth weight (29.8% vs 11.8%, P Conclusion In children with ductal-dependent CHD, EA/TEF is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and resource utilization. A majority of patients undergo EA/TEF repair prior to congenital heart disease surgery. (Surgery 2017;160:XXX-XXX.)
Saving Human Trafficking Victims from Additional Stigma: Privacy Versus Publication Rights Related to Identifying Images

News organizations publish arrest photographs to provide accurate records of arrests. Some journalists consider the practice a public service (Powell, 2013). Law enforcement and other organizations...
Quantitative mineralogy for facies definition in the Marcellus Shale (Appalachian Basin, USA) using XRD-XRF integration

Abstract Determining the mineralogy of mature sedimentary rocks, particularly mudrock, often defaults to qualitative or semi-quantitative methods due to difficulties in correctly quantifying multiple unknown mineral phases. Constraining mineral abundances is particularly difficult in shale due to preferred mounting orientation of common phyllosilicate phases, commonly leading to overestimation of clay minerals and mica. We introduce a quantitative approach to constraining mineralogy within mudrock by integrating x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) data sets collected on splits of the same samples. The technique involves partitioning XRF cation concentrations into XRD-identified silicate, carbonate, and sulfide phases, then estimating quartz by XRF SiO2 balance. This method is applied to an example dataset from the economically significant Marcellus Shale (Middle Devonian, Appalachian Basin, USA). Conventional reference-intensity ratio (RIR) interpretation identified nine mineral phases (quartz, muscovite, illite, pyrite, chlorite, albite, calcite, dolomite, and barite). Their abundances were then re-estimated using more highly accurate XRF-derived elemental concentrations with stoichiometry from the identified XRD reference phases. XRF Al2O3 was used to corroborate the calculated XRD-XRF results for quality control. Errors in relevant XRF concentrations can be quantified, though not the assumptions in how they are employed; nonetheless, the resulting XRD-XRF mineralogic abundances by this procedure are thought to be more accurate than RIR and to remove preferred-orientation bias induced that causes overestimation of clay minerals and mica and underestimation of quartz and other phases. Cluster analysis of the XRD-XRF results identified four mineralogical facies that provide insight into potential primary depositional controls on organic-matter preservation within the Marcellus Shale. This XRD-XRF integration method provides a general framework for estimating mineralogy quantitatively in mudrocks, although dataset-specific adjustments to the method may be required for different mineralogical suites.
Abstract 2263: Preoperative Regurgitant Volume Can Predict “Unexpected” Left Ventricular Dysfunction After Mitral Valve Repair for Chronic Mitral Regurgitation

Background: Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after mitral valve (MV) repair in patients with chronic mitral regurgitation (MR) carries a poor prognosis. It has been previously described that LV dysfunction could be predicted using preoperative echocardiographic parameters such as LV size and ejection fraction (EF). However, we encounter MR patients who have unexpected postoperative LV dysfunction despite preoperatively normal LV size and function. Methods: We retrospectively investigated pre- and post-operative (median 4th postoperative day) echocardiograms of 248 consecutive patients who underwent MV repair from June through December 2005 for degenerative MR without other heart complications except tricuspid regurgitation. Among these patients, 48 patients were excluded because of inadequate echo quality for regurgitant volume (RVol) quantitation. Our study consisted of the remaining 200 patients (mean age 57±13 years, 140 male) in whom we could clearly determine the preoperative RVol from either quantitative Doppler and/or proximal isovelocity surface area method. Results: After MV repair, the median (interquartile range) EF was significantly decreased from 68 (61–75) to 54 (41–63) % ( P P 60% and LVDs P P P P Conclusion: A very large regurgitant volume was a significant predictor of postoperative LV dysfunction after MV repair despite preoperatively normal LV size and function. Quantification of MR volume is strongly recommended for earlier indication of MV repair in patients with severe MR.
Choline Kinase Activity in Castor Bean Endosperm

The reaction catalyzed by choline kinase (E.C. 2.7.1.32: AT: cholinephosphotransferase) is the first committed reaction of the nucleotide pathway for phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) biosynthesis. Various theoretical considerations have led to the suggestion that this reaction is far from equilibrium and, along with the cytidylyltransferase reaction, may be rate-limiting for PtdCho biosynthesis in some animal tissues (1). As part of our studies on the regulation of PtdCho biosynthesis in plants we have investigated the properties of this enzyme and the in vivo concentrations of metabolites involved in the reaction in postgermination castor bean endosperm.
The Relationships of Primary Appraisals of Infertility and Other Gynecological Stressors to Coping

Women experiencing infertility, pregnancy, medical gynecological problems, or annual checkups were assessed for primary appraisal of their stressor and types of coping strategies used. Diagnostic category approximated the subjective appraisal of stressor for pregnant (challenge) and checkup (no stress) groups. Most participants in the medical gynecological problems group appraised their stress as a threat, but a few participants chose other appraisal categories. Infertility was associated with two categories of appraisal—loss and challenge. Participants appraising their stressor as a loss made greater use of the coping strategies of Action, Wishful Thinking, and Fatalism than did women appraising their stressor as a challenge, a threat, or not stressful. Women appraising infertility as challenge were less distressed than women in any other group. The bimodal perception of infertility has implications for treating women who seek psychological help.
Is a modular dual mobility acetabulum a viable option for the young, active total hip arthroplasty patient?

Aims Modular dual mobility (DM) prostheses in which a cobalt-chromium liner is inserted into a titanium acetabular shell (vs a monoblock acetabular component) have the advantage of allowing supplem...
Leflunomide therapy for refractory cytomegalovirus infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

BackgroundCurrently, there are no prospective, randomized trials analyzing leflunomide for the treatment of cytomegalovirus infection or disease in allogeneic stem cell transplant patients.Objectiv...
Trait-level facets of impulsivity and momentary, naturalistic eating behavior in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity.

Abstract Impulsivity, and specific subdomains of inhibitory control and reward sensitivity, are trait-level factors that have been implicated in the onset and maintenance of pediatric obesity and disordered eating, but their associations with real-world eating behavior are unknown. We investigated associations of these trait-level constructs with naturalistic, momentary measures of loss of control (LOC) eating and overeating severity in a heterogeneous sample of youth (n = 40), aged 8-14y, with overweight/obesity. Self-report, parent-report, and behavioral data on trait-level impulsivity, reward sensitivity, and inhibitory control, respectively, were collected in the context of a 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol in which participants reported on their eating behavior, mood, hunger, and palatability of foods consumed in real-time. Generalized estimating equations revealed that more perseverative errors on a behavioral measure of visuomotor processing speed and a lower self-reported tendency to act without thinking (at a trend level) were related to greater overall LOC severity. Momentary associations between negative affect and LOC severity were stronger among individuals with greater perseverative errors. Results suggest that trait-level facets of impulsivity may directly influence an individual's tendency to engage in dysregulated eating behaviors, and may also impact susceptibility to state-level factors associated with occurrence of these behaviors. Momentary interventions for LOC eating may require tailoring to address temperamental factors related to impulsivity and inhibitory control.
Lee–Yang–Fisher Zeros for the DHL and 2D Rational Dynamics, II. Global Pluripotential Interpretation

In a classical work of the 1950s, Lee and Yang proved that for fixed nonnegative temperature, the zeros of the partition functions of a ferromagnetic Ising model always lie on the unit circle in the complex magnetic field. Zeros of the partition function in the complex temperature were then considered by Fisher, when the magnetic field is set to zero. Limiting distributions of Lee–Yang and of Fisher zeros are physically important as they control phase transitions in the model. One can also consider the zeros of the partition function simultaneously in both complex magnetic field and complex temperature. They form an algebraic curve called the Lee–Yang–Fisher (LYF) zeros. In this paper, we continue studying their limiting distribution for the Diamond Hierarchical Lattice (DHL). In this case, it can be described in terms of the dynamics of an explicit rational function $$R$$ in two variables (the Migdal–Kadanoff renormalization transformation). We study properties of the Fatou and Julia sets of this transformation and then we prove that the LYF zeros are equidistributed with respect to a dynamical (1, 1)-current in the projective space. The free energy of the lattice gets interpreted as the pluripotential of this current. We also prove a more general equidistribution theorem which applies to rational mappings having indeterminate points, including the Migdal–Kadanoff renormalization transformation of various other hierarchical lattices.
Joint Waveform and Receiver Design for Co-Channel Hybrid Active-Passive Sensing With Timing Uncertainty

We consider a hybrid active-passive radar system that employs a wireless source as a passive illuminator of opportunity (IO) and a co-channel active radar transmitter operating in the same frequency band to seek spectral efficiency. The hybrid system can take advantage of the strengths of passive radar (e.g., energy efficiency, bi-/multi-static configuration, and spatial diversity) as well as those of active radar (dedicated transmitter, flexible transmit beam steering, waveform optimized for sensing, etc.). To mitigate the mutual interference and location-induced timing uncertainty between the radar and communication signals, we propose two designs for the joint optimization of the radar waveform and receive filters. The first is a max-min (MM) criterion that optimizes a worst-case performance metric over a timing uncertainty interval, and the other a weighted-sum (WS) criterion that forms a weighted sum of the performance metric at each delay within the delay uncertainty interval. Both design criteria result in nonconvex constrained optimization problems that are solved by sequential convex programming methods. When timing uncertainty vanishes, the two designs become identical and admit a simpler solution. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed hybrid schemes in comparison with conventional active-only and passive-only radar systems.
Understanding Undergraduate Course Consideration

In elective curriculums, undergraduates are encouraged to consider a range of academic courses for possible enrollment each term, yet course consideration has not been explicitly theorized and is difficult to observe. We develop a conceptual framework and a novel web-based mechanism for observing consideration, and use them to study consideration among an entire cohort of students at a private university between 2016-2018. Our findings reveal (1) substantial winnowing from available to considered courses; (2) homogeneous consideration set sizes regardless of students’ subsequent majors; and (3) heterogeneous consideration set compositions correlated with subsequent majors. Our work demonstrates that course consideration is an empirically demonstrable component of course selection and suggests mechanisms for intervening in consideration to support informed choice and efficient academic progress.
Numerical Cherenkov Instabilities in Kinetic Plasma Particle-in-Cell Simulations based on Structured and Unstructured Meshes

Particle-in-cell simulations are widely utilized for the analysis and design of state-of-the-art plasma-based devices. However, detrimental artifacts present in relativistic PIC simulations exist, called numerical Cherenkov instabilities. These instabilities are caused by grid dispersion and beam aliasing effects. Here, we analyze Numerical Cherenkov instabilities in finite-element-based PIC algorithms on unstructured grids and compare against results from conventional finite-difference-based PIC algorithms on structured grids. We assess the conditions for the onset of numerical Cherenkov instabilities by performing a complete grid dispersion analysis of finite-element field-solvers for various mesh layouts. The analytic predictions are validated against PIC simulations of relativistic plasma beams. We observe that highly irregular meshes alter the beam physics the least among different mesh layouts, preventing coherent spurious wave-particle interactions.
Severe early onset obesity and hypopituitarism in a child with a novel SIM1 gene mutation

Summary Single-minded homolog 1 (SIM1) is a transcription factor that plays a role in the development of both the hypothalamus and pituitary. SIM1 gene mutations are known to cause obesity in humans, and chromosomal deletions encompassing SIM1 and other genes necessary for pituitary development can cause a Prader-Willi-like syndrome with obesity and hypopituitarism. There have been no reported cases of hypopituitarism linked to a single SIM1 mutation. A 21-month-old male presented to endocrinology clinic with excessive weight gain and severe obesity. History was also notable for excessive drinking and urination. Endocrine workup revealed central hypothyroidism, partial diabetes insipidus, and central adrenal insufficiency. Genetic evaluation revealed a novel mutation in the SIM1 gene. No other genetic abnormalities to account for his obesity and hypopituitarism were identified. While we cannot definitively state this mutation is pathogenic, it is notable that SIM1 plays a role in the development of all three of the patient's affected hormone axes. He is now 6 years old and remains on treatment for his pituitary hormone deficiencies and continues to exhibit excessive weight gain despite lifestyle interventions. Learning points Mutations in SIM1 are a well-recognized cause of monogenic human obesity, and there have been case reports of Prader-Willi-like syndrome and hypopituitarism in patients with chromosomal deletions that contain the SIM1 gene. SIM1 is expressed during the development of the hypothalamus, specifically in neuroendocrine lineages that give rise to the hormones oxytocin, arginine vasopressin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, corticotropin-releasing hormone, and somatostatin. Pituitary testing should be considered in patients with severe obesity and a known genetic abnormality affecting the SIM1 gene, particularly in the pediatric population.
CLUSTERING AND LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE WITH THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) will provide a complete imaging and spectroscopic survey of the high-latitude northern sky. The 2D survey will image the sky in five colors and will contain nearly 5 x 107 galaxies to g ~23m. The spectroscopic survey will obtain spectra of the brightest 106 galaxies, 105 quasars, and 1035 rich clusters of galaxies (to g ~18.3-19.3m, respectively). I summarize some of the science opportunities that will be made possible by this survey for studying the clustering and large-scale structure of the universe. The survey will identify a complete sample of several thousand rich clusters of galaxies, both in 2D and 3D--the largest automated sample yet available. The extensive cluster sample can be used to determine critical clustering properties such as the luminoisty-function, velocity-function, and mass-function of clusters of galaxies (a critical test for cosmological models), detailed cluster dynamics and Omegadyn, the cluster correlation function and its dependence on richness, cluster evolution, superclustering and voids to the largest scales yet observed, the motions of clusters and their large-scale peculiar velocity field, as well as detailed correlations between x-ray and optical properties of clusters, the density-morphology relation, and cluster-quasar associations. The large redshift survey, reaching to a depth of >~600h-1 Mpc, will accurately map the largest scales yet observed, determine the power-spectrum and correlation function on these large scales for different type galaxies, and study the clustering of quasars to high redshifts (z >~ 4). The implications of the survey for cosmological models, the dark matter, and Omega are also discussed.
Travels with Epsilon in Sign and Space

This paper is about the relationship of diagrams with mathematics. We study the linking of mathematical fields by examining first a diagrammatic for vector calculus, and then showing how it works and why it works by relating that formalism to the question of coloring maps and graphs in and out of the plane. The paper then considers knot diagrams and finally relationships with Lie algebras and the Jacobi identity.
Wickham Steed: greatest journalist of his times: by Andre Liebich, Bern, Peter Lang, 2018, 377 pp., US$104.95 (soft cover), ISBN 978-3-0343-3273-6

Andre Liebich’s thorough and well-written biography of Wickham Steed takes readers back to a time when journalists, particularly those who worked for such influential newspapers as The Times, were ...
Avoiding and Solving Problems with Augmentation Mastopexy: The Impact of Blood Supply on Decisions for Mastopexy and Pocket Selection

The treatment of the ptotic breast can be complex with the technique and the result dependent on a variety of factors. When a mastopexy is necessary, if performed alone, it is often inadequate to achieve the aesthetic goals of the patients, both in terms of volume and fullness in the upper pole. The addition of an implant can ameliorate these aesthetic issues. The success of augmentation mastopexy is multifactorial, but implementing the optimal surgical technique based on patient factors can significantly contribute to the long-term success of the procedure. Much attention is often given to the mastopexy approach, whether it be periareolar, vertical, or inverted-T. However, potentially even more impactful in the results is consideration for the type of implant to be placed and the pocket selected to optimize long-term success.
Association of Prepartum Plasina Non-esterified Fatty Acid Concentration with Retained Placenta in Multiparous Holstein Cows

Nutritional management of dairy cows during the dry period influences risk of peripartum disease. Means of rapidly monitoring nutritional status and the effectiveness of prepartum diets, prior to the development of disease, are needed by the dairy industry. Plasma nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration is a potential means of monitoring energy status in late gestation cows. High plasma NEFA concentration is associated positively with the incidence of peripartum disease dairy cows.1,3 The objective of this project was to determine, via multivariate analysis, the relationship between prepartum plasma NEFA concentration and risk of retained placenta (RP) in dairy cows.
Risk information and markdowns-induced incentives to participate in hotel room resale schemes

Enforcement is a key revenue management price discrimination tool. This study is first to address a hotel industry concern that enforcement is increasingly failing, as 3rd party agents resell unqualified prices to deal-oriented customers. We outline a decision model that involves the discount level (cost saving for the consumer) and information regarding a possible service denial by the hotel (risk to the consumer). Most importantly, this study is first to suggest, and empirically test, the notion that the level of discount might diminish the ability of information regarding service denial to reduce the undesirable behavior.
The COVID trap: pediatric diagnostic errors in a pandemic world.

Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced strains in the diagnostic process through uncertainty in diagnosis, changes to usual clinical processes, and introduction of a unique social context of altered health care delivery and fear of the medical environment. These challenges created a context ripe for diagnostic error involving both systems and cognitive factors. Case presentation We present a series of three pediatric cases presenting to care during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic that highlight the heightened potential for diagnostic errors in the pandemic context with particular focus on the interplay of systems and cognitive factors leading to delayed and missed diagnoses. These cases illustrate the particular power of availability bias, diagnostic momentum, and premature closure in the diagnostic process. Conclusions Through integrated commentary and a fishbone analysis of the cognitive and systems factors at play, these three cases emphasize the specific influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric patients.