cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Inducible resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis in B cells

Apoptosis produced in B cells through Fas (APO-1, CD95) triggering is regulated by signals derived from other surface receptors: CD40 engagement produces upregulation of Fas expression and marked susceptibility to Fas-induced cell death, whereas antigen receptor engagement, or IL-4R engagement, inhibits Fas killing and in so doing induces a state of Fas-resistance, even in otherwise sensitive, CD40-stimulated targets. Surface immunoglobulin and IL-4R utilize at least partially distinct pathways to produce Fas-resistance that differentially depend on PKC and STAT6, respectively. Further, surface immunoglobulin signaling for inducible Fas-resistance bypasses Btk, requires NF-kappaB, and entails new macromolecular synthesis. Terminal effectors of B cell Fas-resistance include the known anti-apoptotic gene products, Bcl-xL and FLIP, and a novel anti-apoptotic gene that encodes FAIM (Fas Apoptosis Inhibitory Molecule). faim was identified by differential display and exists in two alternatively spliced forms; faim-S is broadly expressed, but faim-L expression is tissue-specific. The FAIM sequence is highly evolu- tionarily conserved, suggesting an important role for this molecule throughout phylogeny. Inducible resistance to Fas killing is hypothesized to protect foreign antigen-specific B cells during potentially hazardous interactions with FasL-bearing T cells, whereas autoreactive B cells fail to become Fas-resistant and are deleted via Fas-dependent cytotoxicity. Inadvertent or aberrant acquisition of Fas-resistance may permit autoreactive B cells to escape Fas deletion, and malignant lymphocytes to impede anti-tumor immunity.
Does a non-stemmed constrained condylar prosthesis predispose to early failure of primary total knee arthroplasty?

Purpose The use of unlinked constrained condylar components (CCK) has been extended to primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, there is limited literature on its outcomes. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to assess clinical outcomes of one particular design of primary, non-stemmed, unlinked constrained TKA and to compare them with a control group of PS-TKA utilizing the same implant design.
Influence of molecular dipole on monoacrylate monomer reactivity

Numerous acrylate monomers have been synthesized and evaluated extensively as a means to explore the relationship between molecular polarity and monomer reactivity. Various monomers, characterized by high values of dipole moment, were polymerized in bulk, and no correlation of dipole moment to monomer reactivity was established. Solution polymerization studies were performed on phenyl carbamate ethyl acrylate and several substituted derivatives to observe the effects of changing solvent polarity on the polymerization kinetics. The results of solution polymerization studies indicated that traditional dilution effects, which suppress the polymerization kinetics, dominate the reactions. Changes in solvent polarity had minimal impact on the polymerization kinetics.
Reducing generational copy reserve overhead with fallback compaction

As programming languages with managed runtimes become increasingly popular, it is essential that virtual machines are implemented efficiently. The performance of the memory management subsystem can be a defining factor in the performance of the virtualachine as a whole. We present a technique by which garbage collector performance can be improved. We describe an algorithm that combines a standard generational copying collector with a mark and compact collector. We observe that, since most objects do not survive a garbage collection, it is not necessary to reserve space to copy them all. The result is a generational copying collector that operates with a smaller copy reserve overhead than traditional Appel-style collectors. We maintain correctness in the worst case through the use of mark and compact collection. When the reduced copy reserve overflows, a compacting phase ensures that all data are accommodated. We have implemented this algorithm within the framework of Jikes RVM and MMTk. For most benchmarks examined, our experiments show that performance is comparable to or better than a standard generational copying collector.
Adult perception of children’s speech

The utterances of six preschool children were recorded and used as stimuli in a perception task. The parents of the recorded children and adults with no recent exposure to children listened to the utterances and judged the meaning of the stimuli. Parents were more proficient than nonparents, and this difference was not limited to the parents’ superior knowledge of their own children’s ideolects. It was argued that there is a sense in which adults with an extensive exposure to children’s language may be considered to be bilinguals.
Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) that probe human skin: A review of the world literature and nineteen new records, from Panama

We review the world literature on leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) that have probed human skin, update the names presented in those published reports, and sort out which are original accounts and which are citations of previous reports (Table 1). We add 19 new records, representing five subfamilies, and at least 13 genera, all from Panama (Table 2). We speculate as to why these normally phytophagous insects sometimes probe human skin, and provide insight into the possible evolutionary consequences of this behavior.
Accomplishments and Impact from Breeding for Increased Forage Nutritional Value

Despite considerable rhetoric, there were no serious efforts to improve genetically the nutritional value of forage crops until the 1960s when advances in analytical chemistry and rumen fermentation technology allowed breeders to adapt meaningful laboratory techniques for repeatably screening thousands of samples in a short time period. Genetic increases in some measure of digestibility, typically in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), have been documented in new cultivars of at least seven forage crops, including legumes, cool-season grasses, warm-season grasses, annuals, and perennials. The rate of gain for IVDMD ranges from 8 to 45 g kg -1 cycle -1 , which, on a percentage basis (0.7-2.5% yr -1 ), is similar to long-term gains for grain yield of many cereal crops. In asexually propagated spedes, in which all genetic variance can be utilized in a single cycle of selection, gains as high as 11.8% cycle -1 have been reported. Generally, gains in IVDMD are repeatable across a wide range of environments and management systems, including on-farm tests. Averaged across spedes, a 1% increase in IVDMD generally leads to a 3.2% increase in average daily gains of beef cattle (Bos taurus). Because increased IVDMD generally does not decrease forage yield per se, and sometimes occurs with increased forage yield, these gains also translate to improved beef production per hectare. The ability to document increased animal performance associated with breeding for increased forage nutritional value can greatly enhance the value of new cultivar to forage producers, which can lead to rapid adoption of new cultivars.
Doppler Lidar–Based Wind-Profile Measurement System for Offshore Wind-Energy and Other Marine Boundary Layer Applications

AbstractAccurate measurement of wind speed profiles aloft in the marine boundary layer is a difficult challenge. The development of offshore wind energy requires accurate information on wind speeds above the surface at least at the levels occupied by turbine blades. Few measured data are available at these heights, and the temporal and spatial behavior of near-surface winds is often unrepresentative of that at the required heights. As a consequence, numerical model data, another potential source of information, are essentially unverified at these levels of the atmosphere. In this paper, a motion-compensated, high-resolution Doppler lidar–based wind measurement system that is capable of providing needed information on offshore winds at several heights is described. The system has been evaluated and verified in several ways. A sampling of data from the 2004 New England Air Quality Study shows the kind of analyses and information available. Examples include time–height cross sections, time series, profiles, ...
Temperature compensation in the nervous system of the grasshopper

The windâsensitive head hair neurones of the grasshopper Schistocerca americana (Drury) are influenced by temperature, increasing the number of spikes fired in response to a given hair deflection as temperature increases. Because these neurones show similar increases in spike output for greater hair deflections, an interneurone which receives their input would not be able to distinguish changes in stimulus strength from changes in temperature, unless the effects of temperature were compensated or independently measured. This study examines the effects of temperature on the output of the tritocerebral commissure giant (TCG), an interneurone that receives wind hair input. Some wind hairs provide excitatory input to the TCG, while others are inhibitory (Bacon & MA¶hl, 1983). Temperature variations similar to those measured in freely moving animals were applied to the wind hairs and TCG while the interneurone's spike output was recorded. Two manipulations resulted in temperature compensated outputs from the TCG: (1) When both excitatory and inhibitory hair fields were stimulated simultaneously, the temperature sensitivity of the interneurone's spike output was significantly lower than when the excitatory hairs alone were stimulated. (2) The spike output of the TCG showed very little sensitivity to temperature changes which occurred only at its wind hair inputs, the temperature of the interneurone itself remaining constant. It is therefore possible for the output of a neural circuit to be temperature compensated even though the circuit itself may be composed of temperatureâsensitive units. Possible mechanisms by which temperature compensation may be produced in the TCG are discussed, and the behavioural relevance of the conditions under which TCG output is temperature compensated is considered.
Direct calculation of rupture depth for an exhumed paleoseismogenic fault from mylonitic pseudotachylyte

Multiple generations of pseudotachylyte within granulite-facies orthogneiss (northern Norway Caledonides) are cut by ultramylonitic shear bands that contain the mineral assemblage garnet + clinopyroxene + plagioclase + quartz. Mineralogic thermobarometry yields pressure ( P ) = 950 ± 150 MPa at temperature ( T ) = 625–675 °C for equilibration conditions of the ultramylonite assemblage, requiring minimum depths of 35 ± 5 km for coseismic slip that generated pseudotachylyte. These depths are well below the base of the standard seismogenic zone (15–20 km). Ambient temperatures are 200–300 °C higher than those commonly cited for the onset of ductile creep in quartzofeldspathic rocks, but they are similar to those in modern intraplate settings of higher than average heat flow that have experienced deep crustal earthquakes. The occurrence of overprinting mylonites and pseudotachylytes requires tens of kilometers of dynamic downward rupture propagation from the brittle-frictional regime into the ductile regime. Plastic instabilities do not explain the relationship between ultramylonites and mylonitized pseudotachylytes in this setting.
On the structure and energetics of large scale hydromagnetic disturbances in the solar photosphere

It is suggested that the solar differential rotation is maintained against frictional dissipation by large scale quasi-horizontal hydromagnetic disturbances, which possess tilted structures similar to upper level troughs in the westerlies of the earth's atmosphere. On the sun, these tilts would be directed from the equator toward the east limb in each hemisphere. Horizontal Reynolds stresses in these disturbances thus convert eddy kinetic energy into kinetic energy of the zonal flow, while horizontal Maxwell stresses convert the mean zonal kinetic energy into “eddy” magnetic energy. In order for the disturbances as a whole to feed kinetic energy into the differential rotation, the horizontal eddy magnetic fields must be somewhat less than 7 gauss at the level considered. Measurements of the large scale patterns of the line of sight component of the magnetic field, made by Howard, show clearly the required tilt in the patterns toward the east limb in each hemisphere. These measurements also show that the patterns do have a very large horizontal scale, possessing a longitudinal wave number of about 6, and a latitudinal extent of about 60°. The magnitudes of these fields appear to be compatible with horizontal eddy magnetic fields less than 7 gauss. The braking action by the symmetric steady component of the horizontal Maxwell stress appears from the observations to be small compared with that due to the eddy component. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1965.tb01425.x
Gastrointestinal quality of life in patients after anti reflux surgery.

SUMMARY A subset of patients does not report improvement of symptoms or satisfaction after antireflux surgery. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of pre-existing depression as a factor in patient satisfaction and gastrointestinal quality of life index (GIQLI) outcomes after antireflux surgery. Patients undergoing antireflux surgery who had filled a preoperative quality of life score and had more than 1 year follow-up were included in this study. Based on available history and self-reported medication use, patients were divided in two groups: with depression (group A) and without depression (group B). Fifty-four patients with completed preoperative GIQLI questionnaire were contacted for this study; 32 (59%) patients completed the postoperative questionnaire. Seven patients (22%) had psychological disorder (group A) in the form of depression The GIQLI in groups A and B increased significantly from 64.4 ± 17.3 and 89.6 ± 18.6 to 88.6 ± 23.7 (P < 0.001) and 102.2 ± 18.6 (P = 0.02), respectively, after the surgery. There was significant improvement in the quality of life in patients after antireflux surgery based on the GIQLI assessment. This improvement was also reported in patients with history of depression.
Internal friction in stereoregular polymethyl methacrylate

New stereospecific polymerization systems for methyl methacrylate are reported. The temperature dependence of the internal friction of the stereoregular forms of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been determined at frequencies of ca. 1 cycle/sec. Isotactic PMMA does not exhibit a side chain relaxation and its main chain relaxation is 66°C. lower than that of conventional PMMA. Syndiotactic PMMA exhibits exactly the same relaxations as conventional PMMA. Since the density and infrared absorption spectra of syndiotactic and conventional PMMA are also comparable and differ from the isotactic form, it is concluded that conventional radical-initiated polymer is not truly atactic but has considerable syndiotactic character.
Critical phenomena in discrete-time interconnection networks

Abstract We present theoretical and numerical results for the performance of a multiprocessor network modeled as a ring and as a toroidal square lattice of nodes with local processors that generate messages for output ports/buffers. The output buffers are assumed to have infinite capacity, and the service time is deterministic. Two models are considered. One assumes that every processor generates messages with rate λ per time slot and per output port/buffer. The other model considers that the generation rate of a node depends on the intensity of the flow of arriving messages. Explicit expressions for the distribution of queue lengths, the average number of messages in the buffers, the average latency, and the critical network load depending on the distance between the source and the destination are obtained. Simulation results show excellent agreement with theoretical predictions based on the assumption of independent queues.
Responses of cat C1 spinal cord dorsal and ventral horn neurons to noxious and non-noxious stimulation of the head and face.

Abstract Previous anatomical studies have shown that trigeminal and cervical afferent nerve fibers project to the upper cervical segments of the spinal cord. To determine the response properties of neurons in the upper cervical spinal cord, we studied the response of C1 dorsal and ventral horn cells to electrical and graded mechanical stimulation of the face, head and neck in anesthetized casts. Neurons were classified as low-threshold-mechanoreceptive (LTM), wide-dynamic-range (WDR), nociceptive-specific (NS) or unresponsive, based on their responsiveness to graded mechanical stimulation. Extracellular single unit recordings were obtained from 118 neurons excited by cervical (24), trigeminal (39) or both cervical and trigeminal (55) stimulation and from 24 neurons unresponsive to peripheral stimulation. Based on neuronal mechanical response properties, 52.2% of the responsive neurons were classified as LTM, 35.9% as WDR and 11.9% as NS. WDR neurons exhibited more convergence and had larger receptive fields than either NS or LTM neurons. WDR and NS neurons had longer first spike latencies than LTM neurons at all tested sites. Only WDR neurons were found to project to the contralateral caudal thalamus. Within C1, LTM neurons were located primarily in laminae III and IV, WDR neurons in lamina V and NS neurons in laminae VII and VIII. These data suggest that some neurons in the first cervical segment of the spinal cord receive convergent input fom trigeminal and cervical pathways and may be involved in mediating orofacial and cranial pain.
Induction of interferon-γ by cord blood mononuclear cells is calcium dependent

Abstract Human cord blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) are deficient in their ability to produce interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Previous studies have shown that phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated neonatal MNCs produced significantly less IFN-γ than adult PHA-stimulated MNCs. The deficient IFN-γ production is partly due to the absence of a macrophage-derived soluble mediator. Supernatants from PHA-stimulated adult macrophages and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated U937 cells (which were dialyzed prior to culture to remove PMA) increased IFN-γ production in neonatal PHA-stimulated MNC (14 to 217 units/ml and 14 to 293 units/ml, respectively). The requirement for a soluble macrophage mediator was replaced by the addition of exogenous calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) to PHA-stimulated cord blood MNCs. The increase in IFN-γ production by exogenous CaCl 2 was blocked by the addition of the calcium channel blocker, manganese chloride (MnCl 2 ). Furthermore, the increased IFN-γ production by PHA-stimulated cord blood MNC in the presence of PHA-stimulated adult macrophage supernatant or PMA-stimulated U937 supernatant was abrogated by the addition of MnCl 2 , chlorpromazine, and verapamil. These data suggested that the soluble factor produced by PHA-stimulated adult macrophage supernatant and PHA-stimulated U937 supernatant induced IFN-γ production in PHA-stimulated cord blood MNC by inducing calcium-dependent signals at more than one site.
The Effect of the Hepatic Nerves on the Disposition of a Mixed Meal by Conscious Dogs

We examined the disposition of a mixed meal by nine conscious dogs fasted for 24 hours with surgical hepatic denervation. The results were compared with those from identical studies carried out previously in 13 hepatic-innervated dogs. Net gut release of glucose and gluconeogenic precursors (assessed with the arteriovenous difference technique), the resulting blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations, and the hepatic glucose load were remarkably similar in the two groups. Net hepatic glucose uptake was 4.8 +/- 3.6 g in hepatic-denervated and 7.7 +/- 3.3 g in hepatic-innervated dogs. Cumulative net hepatic lactate release in hepatic-denervated dogs was 4.3 +/- 1.4 g of glucose equivalents, half the value for hepatic-innervated dogs. Net hepatic carbon intake was similar in the two groups. Hepatic lipogenesis, oxidation, and net glycogen synthesis were qualitatively similar between groups. In conclusion, the disposition of a mixed meal by hepatic-innervated and hepatic-denervated dogs was very similar. Subtle alterations in net hepatic balance of substrates (tendencies toward decreases in net hepatic glucose uptake and lactate release) made net carbon retention in denervated livers virtually identical with that in innervated livers. When other compensatory mechanisms are intact, hepatic denervation does not significantly alter hepatic disposition of a mixed meal.
Mediating Factors in the Arousal-Performance Relationship

The arousal-performance relationship was investigated within a social facilitation experiment, in which two major task dimensions (cognitive-motor and difficulty) were manipulated and two arousal measures (palmar sweat and self-reports) were taken. Subjects (75 male and 75 female introductory psychology students) were randomly assigned to one of five audience conditions and one of three task difficulty levels. Each subject performed three tasks, which varied as to cognitive and motor requirements, under a uniform difficulty level. No significant differences were found on any arousal or performance measure due to the audience manipulation. Females were found to be more aroused by the audiences than males, on both arousal measures. When self-reported arousal scores were quintiled to create five post hoc arousal conditions, significant interactions between these conditions and task difficulty level were obtained for both the cognitive and motor tasks. (No significant differences were found using quintiled palmar sweat scores.) On the basis of the similar pattern of these interactions, it was concluded that the inverted-U function was obtained only on high-difficulty tasks.
Conidial Discharge and Transmission Efficiency of Neozygites floridana, an Entomopathogenic Fungus Infecting Two-Spotted Spider Mites under Laboratory Conditions

Abstract Transmission efficiency of the entomopathogenic fungus, Neozygites floridana, was studied in laboratory populations of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Infected mites were placed in chambers with 80, 90, or 100% RH, and conidia were counted every 12 hr for 4 days. Conidial production was strongly affected by humidity, but the conidial release rate (conidia/hr) was not. The effect of host density on transmission efficiency was then tested by varying the number of susceptible hosts while holding the number of infected hosts constant and vice versa. In both cases, the proportion of infected hosts increased asymptotically in a manner closely resembling the conidial discharge curve as previously determined. Data from the latter two experiments were then combined to plot percentages of new infections against the product of susceptible and infected hosts according to a theoretical model. According to the model, this plot should be linear. Although the result showed that the linearity assumption was good at higher densities, the observations deviated significantly from linear at lower densities. We propose a nonlinear transmission term as a result of this work and suggest that similar work is needed for other entomopathogen-host relationships.
Single nanocrystal spectroscopy approaches for investigation of emission efficiency and recombination dynamics of multi-excitons

Understanding and controlling the emission efficiency and recombination dynamics of bi-excitonic states (i.e. Q BX and τ BX ) in semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots (NQDs) holds the key to many novel technological applications including optical amplification, entangled photon-pair generation and carrier multiplication. Here we present novel single particle spectroscopy approaches capable of measuring these parameter directly. Our approaches are based on second order photon correlation spectroscopy ( g (2) (τ)) and can also be applied to small clusters of NQDs to determine the number of NQDs in a cluster together with average value of Q BX and τ BX . Specifically, first we demonstrate that the ratio of the areas of center and side peaks of the g (2) (τ) function of the spectrally integrated PL of a single NQD provide a precise measure of the ratio of the quantum yield of single and bi-exciton states. Next, we present a time gated photon correlation spectroscopy approach that allows separation of the effects of multi-exciton emission and NQD clustering in g(2) measurements. Finally, we present how the emission of bi-excitons can be separated in g (2) (τ) measurements and extract decay dynamics of bi-excitons without any ambiguity.
Rheology of nematic solutions of rodlike chains: Comparison of theory and experiment

The rheological properties of nematic solutions of rodlike polymers are discussed, giving comparisons between theoretical results and certain experiments. Most of the theoretical treatments are based on application of the Leslie-Ericksen constitutive equation. The experimental data considered include distortion in a magnetic field and flow in shearing deformation over a range of shear rate, including rheo-optical observations. In general, it appears that the available theory does not describe a number of the features observed.
Coherent Source Direction-Finding using a Sparsely-Distributed Acoustic Vector-Sensor Array

A novel algorithm is developed to estimate the two-dimensional direction-of-arrival (DOA) of the coherent sources based on a sparsely-distributed acoustic vector-sensor array. Only one-dimensional spatial-smoothing (SS) is used to restore the rank of the covariance matrix, and the algorithm can offer closed-form DOA estimation of the coherent sources. The proposed approach 1) avoids the iterative search in the "particle-velocity-field smoothing" (PVFS) algorithm, and 2) compensates the array aperture decreasing in the traditional SS algorithm. The inter-sensor spacing phase-factors are used to improve the DOA estimation accuracy. Simulation results verify the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.
Intravenous anesthesia: A clinical study of nineteen hundred cases

Abstract 1. 1. Intravenous anesthetics should be administered only by experienced anesthetists with the assistance of competent nurses. 2. 2. They should be given only by the fractional method. 3. 3. A preliminary sedative is essential. Pantopon and atropine cause less nausea and vomiting than other drugs. 4. 4. Sodium pentothal may be used in any type of case and over a long period of time with perfect relaxation. 5. 5. There is no fall in blood pressure or myocardial damage. 6. 6. Sodium pentothal gives a longer, smoother and less toxic anesthesia than evipal. 7. 7. The respiratory centers are affected before the cardiac centers.
Quidditism without quiddities

Structuralism and quidditism are competing views of the metaphysics of property individuation: structuralists claim that properties are individuated by their nomological roles; quidditists claim that they are individuated by something else. This paper (1) refutes what many see as the best reason to accept structuralism over quidditism and (2) offers a methodological argument in favor of a quidditism. The standard charge against quidditism is that it commits us to something ontologically otiose: intrinsic aspects of properties, so-called ‘quiddities’. Here I grant that quiddities are ontologically otiose, but deny that quidditism requires them. According to a view I call ‘austere quidditism’, properties are individuated by bare numerical identity. I argue that, as far as ontological parsimony is concerned, austere quidditism and structuralism are on a par. But is austere quidditism a coherent alternative to structuralism? To see that it is, we must get clear on what exactly we mean by ‘property individuation’. What we discover is that structuralism is a counterpart theory for properties, and that austere quidditism is simply the rejection of counterpart theory. I conclude with a methodological argument to the effect that counterpart theory for properties ought to be rejected. This paper begins by situating the debate between structuralists and quidditists within the context of a debate over the epistemic limits of fundamental science. At the center of this debate is David Lewis’s posthumously published ‘Ramseyan Humility’ (2008). In the appendix I explain the precise role of austere quidditism in Lewis’s argument.
The Unappreciated Challenges of Between-Unit Handoffs: Negotiating and Coordinating Across Boundaries

Although interest in studying and improving handoffs has grown considerably in recent years, a general tendency to treat handoff as a single type of activity has resulted in overlooking important variation and in understudying one consequential type: between-unit handoffs. Using the admission handoff between emergency departments and inpatient services as an example, this conceptual article identifies 2 distinguishing structural features of between-unit transitions and demonstrate how these features create negotiation and coordination challenges that are further complicated by several contextual factors. Between-unit handoffs are distinguished from within-unit handoffs because the former are triggered by patient conditions as opposed to shift schedules and entail working across organizational boundaries rather than within them. Consequently, between-unit handoffs are challenged by several contextual factors, including interprofessional differences, unequal distributions of power among units, frequent lack of established relationships among the involved parties, infrequent face-to-face communication, a lack of awareness of the other unit's state, and the fact that responsibility and control of patients are transferred separately. Implications for improvement are discussed.
Comparison of 6Li(d, n1) 7Be AND 6Li(d, p1) 7Li mirror reactions at low energies☆

Zero-degree thick-target yields of the isotropic γ-decay from the mirror 12− states in 7Be and 7Li have been measured for deuteron beams on enriched 6Li for laboratory energies from 60 to 160 keV. The 7Be∗ to 7Li∗ yield ratio drops from 1.05 at 160 keV to 0.94 at 60keV. This increase in the (d, p1) strength is as expected if the projectile is electrically polarized as it nears the target nucleus. The measured thick-target yields over these beam energies allow a quantitative calculation of an effective energy shift due to the deuteron polarization. This is compared to the shift calculated for the theoretical value for the polarizability of the deuteron, using a cutoff DWBA method. Use of a zero-range constant Do renonnalized for polarization effects gives an energy-independent enhancement of the (d, p) cross sections at low energies.
THE IMMUNE RESPONSE OF ALLOPHENIC MICE TO THE SYNTHETIC POLYMER GLØ*: III. ALLOTYPE ANALYSIS OF ANTI‐GLØ ANTIBODY

Allophenic mice produced by aggregating 8-cell embryos from a low responder (CBA) and a high responder (DBA/1) strain to the synthetic amino acid polymer GL phi.. In some strains of mice the immune response to this polymer is controlled by two genes, alpha and beta, which map to the IE/C and IA subregions of the H-2 complex, respectively. The CBA strain is alpha+beta--whereas the DBA/1 strain can be considered to be alpha+beta+. These two strains also differ in immunoglobulin allotype: CBA is allotype alpha and DBA/1 is allotype c. Eight CBA--DBA/1 allophenic mice were immunized with GL phi.. Four of the mice gave a high secondary response to the polymer. The allotype of the antibody from these mice was determined by affinity chromatography, and it was found that only allotype c was present. This means that all of the antibody was produced by high responder DBA/1 cells. Thus, there is no evidence for the cooperation of histoincompatible cells in the mounting of an immune response by allophenic mice.
Cómo predecir a algunas personas en algunas ocasiones: la búsqueda de consistencias transituacionales en la conducta

RESUMENLa controversia, historicamente repetida, sobre la existencia de consistencias transituacionales er la conducta se mantiene debido a la discrepancia entre nuestras intuiciones, que afirman su existencia, y la investigacion, que la niega. Se argumenta que los supuestos nomoteticos del paradigma tradicional de investigacion son incorrectos y que, adoptando algunos de los supuestos indiograficos empleados en nuestras intuiciones, se pueden obtener mayores coeficientes de correlacion transituacionales. Sepresenta un estudio que muestra que es posible identificar a priori a los individuos que seran consistentes tran- situacionalmente y aquellos que no lo seran, y se concluye que la evaluacion de la personalidad debe atender no solo a las situaciones—como recientemente se ha insistido—sino tambien a las personas.
BSMR: Byzantine-Resilient Secure Multicast Routing in Multi-hop Wireless Networks

In this work we identify vulnerabilities of on- demand multicast routing protocols for multi-hop wireless networks and discuss the challenges encountered in designing mechanisms to defend against them- We propose BSMR, a novel secure multicast routing protocol that withstands insider attacks from colluding adversaries. Our protocol is a software-based solution and does not require additional or specialized hardware. We present simulation results which demonstrate that BSMR effectively mitigates the identified attacks.
Microcells for fluorescence and spectrophotometric studies of biologically active compounds.

Abstract A spectrophotometric cell requiring 20 μl of sample solution and usable at elevated temperatures (∼80°C) is described. Details of fluorescence microcells with capacities ranging from 8 to 80 μl are provided. The external dimensions of both cells are maintained for use in commercially available instruments. Sample solutions come in contact only with chemically inert Teflon, Viton, or quartz. The utility of these cells in spectral measurements involving scarcely available biologically active oligonucleotides such as the lac operator core, the recognition site of BamHI restriction endonuclease, as well as the peptide hormone somatostatin, is demonstrated. In combination with photon counting techniques, it is possible to undertake experiments with picogram quantities of material.
The Wildlife (Protection) Act and Conservation Prioritization of Butterflies of the Western Ghats, Southwestern India

Krushnamegh Kunte Various schedules of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (henceforth WPA), dictate the level of legal protection given to species of Indian animals. Shortcomings of the schedules of the WPA with respect to insects have been pointed out, but no solutions have been suggested. Here I have used butterflies of the Western Ghats as a case study, analysed their conservation values with multiple species attributes and then compared my findings with the species listed under the WPA. Analysis shows that a large proportion of species with high conservation values, many of them narrowly endemic and endangered, are not listed under the WPA, indicating the need to expand the listings. This methodology can be used to objectively assess conservation values of other animals and their inclu-sion in the WPA.
NONVERBAL RECIPROCITY IN NONDISTRESSED MARITAL PARTNERS: AN EXAMINATION OF BASE RATE CHANGE*

The present study sought to incorporate recent suggestions for reciprocity research into an experimental design which could use behavioral base rate change as a method for determining nonverbal reciprocity in nondistressed couples. This study examined reciprocity by surreptitiously manipulating the touching behavior of one spouse, and monitoring responses of the other spouse. Forty couples were randomly assigned to either an experimental or controlgroup. Couples were videotaped engaging in an assigned task which permitted interaction. During the interaction, positive touches, smiles, and headnods were monitored. Following instruction to do so, selected spouses in the experimental group increased their rate of touches. Results indicated that, in response, naive spouses subsequently increased their rate of touches. The results of this experiment provide supportive evidence for the lawful nature of reciprocity. The implications of these findings, and suggestions for subsequent reciprocity research, are forwarded.
Is Paraphrase Heretical

"1ARAPHRASE" derives from the Greek 1paraphrazein, to tell the same thing in other words. To paraphrase a poem can be considered a means of elucidating it. Thus Sir Philip Sidney advises the reader to put a verse into prose, "and then aske the meaning."' For centuries students of poetry have learned to do this. But recent developments in the theory of poetry have thrown paraphrase into disrepute. Below I shall give a brief account of what these modern theories have to say about paraphrase; and then go on to propose that even when we accept such theories there is still a sense in which a paraphrase is one "meaning" of the poem, and a meaning which the student must have clearly in mind before he can comprehend anything else about the poem. Most modern theories of poetry rest on one common premise, that the content of a poem, what it "says," is inseparable from the form, the way it is said. Cleanth Brooks' "heresy of paraphrase" is to "split the poem between its 'form' and its 'content.' "2 A consequence is that a paraphrase which purports to be "the same thing in other words" is impossible. But in this case there are degrees of impossibility. At the one extreme are theories which concentrate on what Benedetto Croce calls "the
Arthroscopic Meniscal Root Repair Using a Ceterix NovoStitch Suture Passer.

Meniscal root injuries can compromise knee function and lead to early degenerative changes if not appropriately treated. Numerous techniques have been described; however, the technical difficulties in performing these repairs are well known. Furthermore, the relative strengths of various repair techniques have been examined. This article describes a single–working portal meniscal root repair technique using a double-locking loop suture configuration with a novel suture-passing device that offers a strong, reproducible repair construct.
A Critical Re-Evaluation of Hydrodynamic Theories and Experiments in Subcavitating Hydrofoil Flutter

Abstract : A review of relevant hydrodynamic information was made, with emphasis on the possible cause of serious discrepancies between classical hydrodynamic theory and experiments for subcavitating hydrofoils. The usefulness of the best available wind tunnel and towing tank force measurements is also discussed. It is believed that these data are unreliable, and that the completion of the force calculation based on the classical lifting surface theory and subsequent flutter prediction for an actual flutter model is desirable. Some recommendations for possible future experimental research are also given. (Author)
Violence as a Social Mutation

The increasing incidence of violence in the lives of adolescents has been of concern for some time, and more recent evidence of its extension into the lives of young children has intensified that concern. The possibility that violence is a social mutation responding to pathological relationships among institutions and nations, and to the social institutions that ratify those relationships, is examined from psychological, social, and ethical perspectives.
Using service specific proxies to migrate web services to the "Wireless web": an illustrative case study of adaptive maintenance

Adaptive maintenance is software maintenance performed to make a computer program usable in a changed environment [IEEE 1990]. A hype of adaptive maintenance that is beginning to be encountered is the adaptation of services currently offered over the Internet for access by mobile devices, especially Internet-capable mobile phones. The delivery of "wired services" over the "wireless web" entails significant changes to the inputs and outputs of current services in order to meet the needs of mobile users. The paper describes a technique using intermediary, proxies that simplifies this conversion. The technique is illustrated by an example involving the conversion of the National Weather Service's Current Condition's page for use on mobile phones.
Lessons of the agreed framework for using engagement as a nonproliferation tool

Curtis H. Martin is Professor of Political Science at Merrimack College in North Andover, Massachusetts. He is co-author of Politics East and West: A Comparison of British and Japanese Political Culture (M.E. Sharpe, 1992) and author of “President Clinton’s Haiti Dilemma” (Pew Case Studies in International Affairs, 1997). LESSONS OF THE AGREED FRAMEWORK FOR USING ENGAGEMENT AS A NONPROLIFERATION TOOL
The Dutch Dilemma: Religion, Integration, and the Crisis of Tolerance

point out that, overall, 30.0% of the U.S. immigrants originated in Spanish-speaking countries. Beyond this, by limiting the comparison to regularly admitted immigrants in the two countries, she ignores the over whelmingly Mexican origins of the 3 million undocumented who were legalized in the wake of the U.S. Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, as well as of the likely next wave of legalized immigrants. In the face of these realities, U.S. opponents of multiculturalism have seized upon Canada as a negative example, arguing that unless Mexican immigration is successfully contained, the Southwest will turn into a Spanish-speaking Quebec, raising the specter of separatism.
Steps in Data Analysis

In this chapter, we will consider rather common analysis techniques used to process and analyze data before final visualization. The chapter provides a short introduction to all phases of a typical data analysis. The reader will gain insight into how to transform data, reject unnecessary records or add additional information, remove duplicate records, sort data, construct a metadata for fast access to data records and many other common operations. We will also learn how to process data in parallel using multiple processors. All such operations are described using short Jython code snippets.
Gifts and Acquisitions in Volume 19:2

Sinclair speaks about the New Jersey Room in the new library (Alexander Library). It is for rare books and newspapers, old maps, manuscripts, Rutgersensia, and other categories of out-of-the-way research and display material—will occupy what is called the New Jersey Room on the main floor, together with a similar space directly below it.
Sense data and the philosophy of mind: Russell, James, and Mach

The theory of knowledge in early twentieth-century Anglo American philosophy was oriented toward phenomenally described cognition There was a healthy respect for the mind body problem, which meant that phenomena in both the mental and physical domain were taken sinuously Bertrand Russell's developing position on sense-data and momentary particulars drew upon, and ultimately became like, the neutral monism of Ernst Mach and William James Due to a more recent behaviorist and physicalist inspired "fear of the mental", this development has been down played in historical work on early analytic philosophy Such neglect as sumes that the "linguistic turn" is a proper and permanent effect of twentieth century philosophy, an assumption that distorts early analytic historiography, and begs a substantive philosophical question about thought and cognition.
NUCLEAR ORIENTATION STUDY OF THE DECAY OF $sup 239$Np POLARIZED IN ZrFe$sub 2$: PARITY MIXING IN $sup 239$Pu AND NUCLEAR STRUCTURE OF $sup 239$Pu AND FISSION PRODUCTS $sup 131$ $sup 132$ $sup 133$Xe.

Investigations of the angular distribution of $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ radiation from $^{239}\mathrm{Np}$ polarized at low temperatures in Zr${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$ have suggested small forward-backward asymmetries for several of the hindered $E1$ and $M1$ $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ transitions of $^{239}\mathrm{Pu}$. From the anisotropies of the $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray angular distributions, the following multipole mixing ratios were deduced: $\frac{E2}{M1}:\ensuremath{\delta}(210)=\ensuremath{-}0.02\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$, $\ensuremath{\delta}(228)=\ensuremath{-}0.07\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$, $\ensuremath{\delta}(254)=\ensuremath{-}0.12\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06$, $\ensuremath{\delta}(278)=+0.16\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$; $\frac{M2}{E1}:\ensuremath{\delta}(106)=+0.05\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$, $\ensuremath{\delta}(316)=\ensuremath{-}0.10\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.12$, $\ensuremath{\delta}(334)=+0.02\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$. The small $\frac{E2}{M1}$ mixing ratios of the $\ensuremath{\Delta}K=2$ transitions are explainable in terms of Coriolis mixing. The 512-keV level of $^{239}\mathrm{Pu}$ has been identified as the ${\frac{7}{2}}^{+}[624]$ Nilsson state, which assignment yields the $\frac{E2}{M1}$ mixing ratio $\ensuremath{\delta}(182)=\ensuremath{-}0.12\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08$. The hyperfine splitting of $^{239}\mathrm{Np}$ in (${\mathrm{U}}_{0.005}$${\mathrm{Zr}}_{0.995}$)${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$ has been determined to be 60 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 5 mK. Difficulties encountered in the selection of a suitable ferromagnetic environment for $^{239}\mathrm{Np}$ are discussed. Spin assignments and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray multipole mixing ratios in $^{131,\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}132,\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}133}\mathrm{Xe}$ were deduced from angular distributions of $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays following the decays of fission products $^{131,\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}132,\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}133}\mathrm{I}$.
Dimethyl ether electro-oxidation on platinum surfaces

Abstract A first-principles density functional theory study was performed to elucidate the mechanism of dimethyl ether electro-oxidation on three low-index platinum surfaces (Pt(111), Pt(100), and Pt(211)). The goal of this study is to provide a fundamental explanation for the high activity observed experimentally on Pt(100) compared to Pt(111) and stepped surfaces. We determine that the enhanced activity of Pt(100) stems from more facile C–O bond breaking kinetics, as well as from easier removal of CO as a surface poison through activation of water. In general, the C–O bond (in CH x OCH y ) becomes easier to break as dimethyl ether is dehydrogenated to a greater extent. In contrast, dehydrogenation becomes more difficult as more hydrogen atoms are removed. We perform two analyses of probable reaction pathways, which both identify CHOC and CO as the key reaction intermediates on these Pt surfaces. We show that the reaction mechanism on each surface is dependent on the cell operating potential, as increasing the potential facilitates C–H bond scission, in turn promoting the formation of intermediates for which C–O scission is more facile. We additionally demonstrate that CO oxidation determines the high overpotential required for electro-oxidation on Pt surfaces. At practical operating potentials (~0.60 V RHE ), we determine that C–O bond breaking is most likely the most difficult step on all three Pt surfaces studied.
Improving the ultrasound detection of isolated fetal limb abnormalities

AbstractObjective: The prenatal detection rate of isolated fetal limb abnormalities ranges from 4 to 29.5%. Our aim was to determine the accuracy of a detailed ultrasound protocol in detecting isolated fetal limb abnormalitiesMethods: This is a retrospective study of infants born at our institution with isolated limb defects from 2009 to 2014. Antepartum and postpartum records were reviewed for genetic testing results. We routinely image both upper and lower extremities, including all long bones, hands, feet, fingers and toes. Posturing, muscular tone and movement are also noted.Results: During the study period, there were 52 neonates born with isolated fetal limb abnormalities who had received a fetal anatomic survey in our ultrasound unit and 15 930 sonograms performed with normal findings; 36 out of the 52 had been prenatally diagnosed (detection rate 69%). The specificity of the protocol was 100% as there were no false positive cases, the positive predictive value was 100% and negative predictive valu...