cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abnormal LDL Cholesterol Metabolism in Smith-Lemli-Opitz Fibroblasts † 741

The Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS, McKusick #270400) is an autosomal recessive multiple malformation syndrome characterized by dysmorphic facial features, mental and growth retardation, limb anomalies, and variable internal structural anomalies. Children afflicted with this disorder have a defect in cholesterol biosynthesis. Specifically, they have a defect in the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) to cholesterol. Fibroblasts can obtain cholesterol by either de novo synthesis or from the extracellular environment by the binding and uptake of LDL. The effect of elevated levels of 7-DHC on intracellular LDL metabolism is not known. We postulated that the abnormal sterol, 7-DHC, could perturb this processes. To investigate intracellular cholesterol metabolism in SLOS fibroblasts, we analyzed filipin staining. Filipin is a fluorescent compound that binds to unesterified cholesterol. We found that, after four days of culture in lipoprotein deficient serum (LPDS), filipin staining was more intense in SLOS fibroblasts compared to controls. If filipin staining was due to an accumulation of 7-DHC, then it would be expected to increase with increased time in culture. However, filipin staining decreased to control levels after 7 days of culture in LPDS. This suggested that the increased filipin staining was due to an accumulation of LDL cholesterol rather than due to an accumulation of 7-DHC. Consistent with this observation, we found that LDL degradation by SLOS fibroblasts was decreased compared to control and heterozygous fibroblast cell lines. Furthermore, we have found that SLOS fibroblasts have lysosomal inclusion bodies similar in appearance to those found in Niemann-Pick type C. Based on these results, we propose that in addition to their primary defect in cholesterol biosynthesis, children with SLOS may have a secondary defect in intercellular LDL cholesterol metabolism.
Water Reclamation and Nonpotable Reuse : an Option for Meeting Urban Water Supply Needs

Abstract The theme of this paper is that the reclamation of wastewater for nonpotable purposes in urban areas constitutes a new water resource; the need for additional urban supply will become the driving force for its adoption in the future. As the several alternatives available to a municipality for adding to its public water supply are being considered, one option that should be fully explored is wastewater reclamation for nonpotable urban uses.
Peroxide and superoxide states of adsorbed O2 on anatase TiO2 (101) with subsurface defects

Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations within the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) and the GGA + U approach are carried out to investigate the adsorption of O2 on anatase (101) surfaces having subsurface oxygen vacancies. Our results show that O2 adsorption is strongly enhanced at sites close to the subsurface defect, whereas dissociation is unfavorable at all sites. The adsorption is accompanied by the transfer of the defect electrons to O2-derived electronic states in the anatase surface band gap. Peroxide species (O22−, O–O = 1.48 A) are stable when the number of adsorbed O2 molecules is less or equal the number of defects, whereas superoxide species (O2−, O–O = 1.33 A) become more favorable at coverages exceeding approximately 1.5 O2 molecules per oxygen vacancy.
Integration of radar altimeter, precision navigation, and digital terrain data for low-altitude flight

Avionic systems that depend on digitized terrain elevation data for guidance generation or navigational reference require accurate absolute and relative distance measurements to the terrain, especially as they approach lower altitudes. This is particularly exacting in low-altitude helicopter missions, where aggressive terrain hugging maneuvers create minimal horizontal and vertical clearances and demand precise terrain positioning. Sole reliance on airborne precision navigation and stored terrain elevation data for above-ground-level (AGL) positioning severely limits the operational altitude of such systems. A Kalman filter is presented which blends radar altimeter returns, precision navigation, and stored terrain elevation data for AGL positioning. The filter is evaluated using low-altitude helicopter flight test data acquired over moderately rugged terrain. The proposed Kalman filter is found to remove large disparities in predicted AGL altitude (i.e., from airborne navigation and terrain elevation data) in the presence of measurement anomalies and dropouts. Previous work suggested a minimum clearance altitude of 220 ft AGL for a near-terrain guidance system; integration of a radar altimeter allows for operation of that system below 50 ft, subject to obstacle-avoidance limitations.
Acute inflammatory arthritis: monoarthritis risk stratification in Lyme disease.

In Lyme disease endemic areas, a noninvasive clinical prediction model to distinguish septic arthritis from Lyme arthritis would be useful, especially in children. A new study suggests that in highly selected patients, such prediction might be possible. But failure to recognize even a few cases of septic arthritis could have devastating consequences.
Paracellular ion channel at the tight junction.

The tight junction of epithelial cells excludes macromolecules but allows permeation of ions. However, it is not clear whether this ion-conducting property is mediated by aqueous pores or by ion channels. To investigate the permeability properties of the tight junction, we have developed paracellular ion flux assays for four major extracellular ions, Na+, Cl−, Ca2+, and Mg2+. We found that the tight junction shares biophysical properties with conventional ion channels, including size and charge selectivity, dependency of permeability on ion concentration, competition between permeant molecules, anomalous mole-fraction effects, and sensitivity to pH. Our results support the hypothesis that discrete ion channels are present at the tight junction. Unlike conventional ion channels, which mediate ion transport across lipid bilayers, the tight junction channels must orient parallel to the plane of the plasma membranes to support paracellular ion movements. This new class of paracellular-tight junction channels (PTJC) facilitates the transport of ions between separate extracellular compartments.
Fluctuations in established infant pain behaviors.

This study compares behaviors that differed across levels of established (e.g., nonprocedural) infant pain with those that differed between periods of greater and lesser distress within any level of infant pain. Sixty-four videotaped infants of two ages (0 to 3 months and 7 to 12 months) and four levels of established infant pain (none, mild, moderate, and severe) were used. Pain was from medical or surgical causes. Behaviors were compared between the most distressed (HI) and the least distressed (LO) video segments per infant and across the four levels of infant pain using a two-level (distress and level of pain) MANOVA. Many behaviors were indicative of high levels of established pain and greater distress. Others increased with greater distress but lower levels of pain. Findings suggest that many behaviors indicative of high distress that constitute the immediate infant pain response are not good indicators of levels of established infant pain.
On the Constant Input Impedance of the Archimedean Spiral Antenna in Free-Space

This communication examines the relationship of metal width and arm spacing of a planar printed spiral antenna on its constant input impedance. Observations on the current and electric field distribution are made first to establish the physical mechanisms responsible for the impedance behavior. An analytical model is proposed to analyze the excited mode on the spiral antenna, which can be used to analytically obtain the constant input impedance in the spiral's radiation region. The expression in this work can be applied to evaluate the input impedance for a variety of non-self-complementary spiral structures.
Meteor orbits and impacts

We study the motion of meteors and calculate the speed at which they hit the Earth. The calculation is done in a rotating system where the Earth and the Sun are at rest. Our treatment is a pedagogical account of some well established celestial mechanics results, suited for presentation in an intermediate mechanics course. The impact speed of meteors in several regularly occurring meteor showers agree very well with our calculation.
Rapid geometry optimization for semi-empirical molecular orbital methods

Abstract For semi-empirical molecular orbital methods, the gradient of the potential energy can be calculated with negligible additional computational expense. This allows powerful minimization methods to be used to calculate the geometries of large molecules. The particular minimization method used is shown to conserve molecular symmetry and its efficiency is compared to that of a method which does not use the gradient.
Triiodothyronine rapidly reverses inhibition of S14 gene transcription by glucagon.

The rapid response of hepatic mRNA-Sl4 to T3 has made this sequence an important model for studying the mechanism of hormonal induction of gene expression. In previous studies we showed, in the intact rat, that glucagon administration during the peak of the mRNA S14 diurnal rhythm causes a monoexponential fall in the level of mRNA-Sl4, and that T3 reverses this effect. We have now defined more precisely the mechanism governing this interaction. Measurement of in vitro nuclear transcriptional rates shows that T3 can reverse the glucagon-induced reduction of mRNA-Sl4 transcription. Reversal can be demonstrated within 5 min after the iv injection of T3. Further, the reversal appears to be related to the occupation of specific nuclear receptors, as inferred from the calculated nuclear occupancy and the effects of various iodothyronine analogs of T3. These results suggest that the effects of T3 are mediated by varying rates of production of the nuclear precursor and not by its stabilization, as previously prop...
Complications associated with selective high-dose intraarterial cisplatin and concomitant radiation therapy for advanced head and neck cancer.

PURPOSE To describe the incidence and severity of complications associated with intraarterial cisplatin and concomitant radiation therapy for advanced head and neck cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred five patients treated between June 1993 and March 1998 were studied. Forty-seven (44%) had T4 lesions and 40 (37%) had bulky (N2/3) nodal disease. Three hundred eighty-five procedures were performed. All patients were treated with selective intraarterial tumor-directed cisplatin (150 mg/m 2 weekly × 4), simultaneous intravenous thiosulfate (9 g/m 2 ) for systemic neutralization of cisplatin, and conventional externalbeam radiation to the primary tumor and nodal disease (total dose of 66–74 Gy). RESULTS One hundred five patients were evaluated for complications. Twenty-two (5.7%) groin hematomas occurred, none of which needed therapy. Two asymptomatic common carotid artery dissections were reported. Two patients experienced acute occlusion of the external iliac artery requiring a femorofemoral bypass. Overall, there were 41 grade III/IV chemotoxic events related to treatment. Chemotoxic events included 29 mucosal events, nine hematologic events, two otologic events, and one gastrointestinal event. No renal events occurred. There were three permanent and three transient neurologic events. CONCLUSION Selective high-dose intraarterial cisplatin and concomitant radiation therapy for advanced head and neck cancer can be performed safely with a relatively low complication rate compared to standard intravenous chemotherapy treatment protocols.
Interictal schizophrenia-like psychoses in temporal lobe epilepsy

Abstract Interictal schizophrenia-like psychotic episodes may occur in association with temporal lobe seizure disorders. The search for a link between temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and these interictal episodes has been approached from several theoretical perspectives, and includes (1) the “antagonistic theory” based on the apparent inverse relationship between seizures and psychosis, (2) significance of the neuroanatomic location of the seizure foci, (3) possible adverse effects of anticonvulsants, (4) excess or deficiency of certain neurotransmitters, and (5) pathologic effects on behavior of repeated electrical stimulation of the brain (kindling). These theories and their treatment implications are discussed.
Delay test generation. I. Concepts and coverage metrics

An approach to test for delay faults is presented. A variable size delay fault model is used to represent these failures. The nominal gate delays with the manufacturing tolerances are an integral part of the model and are used in the propagation of simplified waveforms through the logic network. The faulty waveforms are functions of the variable-size delay fault. For each fault and test pattern, a threshold is computed such that this fault is detected if its size exceeds epsilon . This threshold is used (along with the minimum slack at the fault site) to determine a metric called quality. The quality of detection for a fault measures how close the test came to exposing the ideally smallest-size fault at that point. This metric (together with the traditional fault coverage) gives a complete measure of the goodness of the test. >
A nonrelativistic program for optical response in atoms using a time-dependent local density approximation

Presentation d'un programme de calculs SCF pour les atomes et les ions dans des etats stationnaires. Discussion des possibilites
Teaching Moderated Multiple Regression for the Analysis of Mixed Factorial Designs

Traditionally, researchers have analyzed mixed factorial designs by dichotomizing the continuous variable and performing a factorial analysis of variance. Several problems surround the use of this approach, prompting many statisticians to recommend using moderated multiple regression as an alternative. This article presents the case for moderated multiple regression and provides on overview of the procedure.
A Genre System View of the Funding of Academic Research

For many researchers, grant proposals are a high-stakes genre crucial to their work; this pivotal genre does not exist in isolation but as part of a complex reticulation of genres that interact to form a genre system. This article explores the genre system of academic research funding in terms of the following questions: (a) What is the nature of the genre system of grant funding? (b) What are the roles and functions of that system? and (c) What does exploration of the system reveal about genre knowledge and how writers develop such knowledge? Findings suggest that grant writing is fundamentally a social activity, that the intertextual networks of the genre system serve to navigate writers through that system and to build the writers’ knowledge of the system, and that knowledge of a genre system may differ in important ways from knowledge of an isolated genre.
Living donor liver transplantation: the historical and cultural basis of policy decisions and ongoing ethical questions

Adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is in a state of flux. Technical innovations and demand have outpaced internal and external regulatory efforts. This has led to a wide array of centers performing LDLT for a variety of indications without clear evidence on the risks to the donor or recipient or the system as a whole. The birth from necessity of LDLT in Asia has led to the extrapolation of the technique in America and Europe that has not been sufficiently studied in the appropriate populations. While there is a clear benefit in some patients, the appropriate donors and recipients have not been defined. Regulatory and ethical consideration should be focused on minimizing acceptable risk in donors and recipients and expanding the investigation into the costs and outcomes of this challenging procedure. The recently funded adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation cohort sponsored by the National Institutes of Health aims to answer some of these questions over the next five years.
Tracheobronchography in children

Tracheobronchography (TBG) can provide anatomic information supplementing endoscopy in evaluating complex congenital and acquired tracheal abnormalities. With the use of modern non-ionic contrast agents and flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes, TBG can be performed safely and comfortably in children. As some tracheal lesions have a significant risk of mortality, obtaining maximum definition of the abnormality is imperative prior to attempting surgical management. Twenty-two patients underwent TBG at St. Christopher's Hospital for Children (Philadelphia) from July 1990 through June 1995. With the use of iohexol as a contrast agent, flexible bronchoscopes and adequate sedation and analgesia, without the need for intubation or general anesthesia, there were no significant complications or discomfort during or after the procedure. Techniques and illustrative radiographs are presented. TBG provides a useful adjunct to endoscopy.
Event filtering framework: key criteria and design trade-offs

Event filtering is an essential service to classify and disseminate events in a distributed systems environment. This paper describes the key design criteria and challenges of developing high-performance event filtering for dynamic distributed applications such as automated monitoring in distributed systems. We also classify existing event filtering mechanisms according to the key criteria. In addition, we discuss the trade-offs of designing efficient and flexible event filtering mechanisms.
High rates of anaerobic methanotrophy at low sulfate concentrations with implications for past and present methane levels.

Despite the importance of the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) to global biogeochemical cycles, the relationship between sulfate concentration and the rate of AOM has not been previously experimentally constrained. Here, we present measurements showing substantial methane oxidation at low sulfate concentrations, with no significant decrease in the rate of AOM until sulfate levels are well below 1 mM. At sulfate levels below 1m M, there appears to be a strong decoupling of AOM and sulfate reduction, with a 13 C-label transferred from methane to carbon dioxide occurring at a rate almost an order of magnitude faster than the observed rate of sulfate reduction. These results allow for the possibility that high rates of AOM occurred in the Archean oceans and that high rates of AOM may be found in freshwater environments (lakes, rivers, etc.) and deep ocean sediments today.
Deamidation of asparagine in a major histocompatibility complex-bound peptide affects T cell recognition but does not explain type B reactivity.

We have analyzed a panel of T cell hybridomas specific for the chemically dominant epitope of hen egg-white lysozyme 48–61 which has asparagine 59 as an important T cell receptor contact residue. A number of T cells recognize 48–61 with asparagine at position 59, but not the aspartic acid or isoaspartic acid derivatives. Conversely, we find T cells that specifically recognize 48–61 bearing an isoaspartic acid at residue 59, but not asparagine. For other T cells, asparagine, aspartic acid, or isoaspartic acid at residue 59 is irrelevant. We present evidence that our previous distinction between type A and type B T cells is not explained by asparagine deamidation at residue 59.
Effect of experimental chlorate product administration in the drinking water on Salmonella typhimurium contamination of broilers

The crop is a known source of Salmonella and Campylobacter contamination. Previously, we evaluated lactic acid in the drinking water during a simulated pretransport feed withdrawal (FW) and reported 0.44% lactic acid significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the number of Salmonella recovered in market-age broiler crops. However, total consumption of the organic acid-treated drinking water was reduced. Presently, we evaluated the effect of experimental chlorate product (ECP; 1x ECP is equivalent to a 15 mM chlorate ion concentration) during a 10-h pretransport FW. Market-age broilers were obtained from a commercial processing plant and randomly assigned to ECP-treated or control (nontreated) groups. Broilers were challenged by crop gavage with 10(8) Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) immediately upon arrival and 1 d prior to termination of the experiment. One day later, broilers were killed for ST enumeration (cfu) in the crop and ceca. Broilers provided ECP 24 h prior to slaughter consumed slightly more ECP water than broilers provided distilled water. Treatment with ECP caused a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the incidence of ST in crop contents (2%) as compared to the controls (36.7%). Similarly, ECP treatment caused a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in number of ST (0.96 log10 ST/g cecal content) detected in the ceca when compared to controls (2.52 log10 ST). This study suggested that incorporation of ECP in the drinking water 24 to 48 h prior to slaughter could reduce Salmonella contamination in broilers.
Novel Shaping and Complexity-Reduction Techniques for Approaching Capacity over Queuing Timing Channels

This paper discusses practical codes for communication via packet timings across network queuing systems - an instantiation of the "Bits Through Queues" result for timing channels. It has recently been shown that sparse-graph linear codes followed by shaping techniques, combined with message-passing decoding, can enable practical timing channel codes with low symbol error rates near the capacity. The previous work had two main drawbacks. First, the shaping technique was only effective for very large finite field sizes. Secondly, the complexity of the message-passing decoder was quadratic in the block length. In this work, 1) we develop an alternative shaping technique using random dithers with provably good statistical guarantees; 2) we exploit Little's Law from queuing theory along with a large deviations argument to reduce the message-passing decoder's complexity from quadratic to linear in block length. We illustrate the effectiveness of this approach on simulated queuing systems with low symbol error rates near the capacity.
Phase II Trial of Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Persistent or Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study

Purpose Vascular endothelial growth factor is a key promoter of tumor progression in cervical carcinoma. The Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) conducted a phase II trial to assess the efficacy and tolerability of bevacizumab, a recombinant humanized anti–vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody. Patients and Methods Eligible patients had recurrent cervical cancer, measurable disease, and GOG performance status ≤ 2. Treatment consisted of bevacizumab 15 mg/kg intravenously every 21 days until disease progression or prohibitive toxicity. Primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months and toxicity. Results Forty-six patients were enrolled (median age, 46 years); 38 patients (82.6%) received prior radiation as well as either one (n = 34, 73.9%) or two (n = 12, 26.1%) prior cytotoxic regimens for recurrent disease. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events at least possibly related to bevacizumab included hypertension (n = 7), thrombo-embolism (n = 5), GI (n = 4), anemia (n = 2), other card...
Designing the simulation learning environment: An active engagement model

Simulation is rapidly becoming a significantly learning methodology in healthcare education. The unique characteristics of simulation learning create a bridging experience between the classroom and actual patient care and, more importantly, helps learners develop advanced clinical reasoning skills. Learner active engagement is a critical requirement for effective learning during simulation and debriefing, which tasks educators to design simulation learning environments that foster learner active engagement. To foster learner active engagement, the educator and the learner must develop a dyadic relationship of trust, openness, sharing, and safety. The formation of this dyadic relationship implies that the learner has engaged in the learning environment. The simulation literature lacks significant discussion of how the elements of the simulation learning environment can be used to create a learning environment that encourages active engagement in the learning process. From the information gathered through a literature search in CINHAHL, PubMed, and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences databases, this article describes the critical elements of effective simulation learning. The purposes of this article are to elucidate how the interaction of important elements of the simulation experience can foster active engagement and to introduce an Active Engagement Model as a framework for designing the simulation learning environment that encourages and supports learner engagement. The components of the model are the educator, the learner, the environment, which must interact effectively to form the functional entity of the model–-the educator/learner dyad. Once the educator/learner dyad is formed, all the elements of the model function in concert to form an effective simulation learning environment.
Effectiveness of schiff variants in the periodic-schiff and feulgen nucleal technics.

The presence of additional S02 in Schiff reagents above that required for bleaching of the basic fuchsin has no significant effect on the behavior of such reagents in performing the periodic-Schiff or Feulgen nucleal reactions. Schiff reagents made from aqueous solutions containing less than 0.125% basic fuchsin will not demonstrate in these reactions all the tissue elements stained by stronger solutions. Schiff reagents made from aqueous solutions containing more than 0.5% basic fuchsin will in time precipitate considerable amounts of leucofuchsin. Fresh activated charcoal discriminates much more sharply between the yellow contaminant which occurs in basic fuchsin when the fuchsin has been converted to the leuco state than it does when the fuchsin is in the colored condition. Precipitation of leucofuchsin occurs at pH 3 or slightly above in Schiff reagents of generally useful concentration, but at lower levels down to the pH of 10 N HC1, hydrogen ion concentration does not influence their histochemical e...
Laparoscopic ultrasound in the staging of patients for hepatic resection and cryosurgery — 2 case reports

SummaryIntra-operative ultrasound has been shown to be an excellent adjunct to staging for hepatic resection and cryosurgery. Current technical developments in laparoscopic ultrasound has made possible the investigation of this modality for the minimally invasive staging of hepatic malignancy. Presented in this article are two cases that illustrate the potential benefits of such an approach. In one case a patient thought to be a potential resection candidate was excluded from having a major laparotomy when laparoscopic ultrasound demonstrated unsuspected disease. Another patient is presented who was felt to have untreatable disease; however, the minimally invasive alternative of laparoscopic ultrasound revealed the patient amenable to combined cryosurgery and resection.
Bayesian aggregation of evidence for detection and characterization of patterns in multiple noisy observations

Bayesianism is a premier representation for encoding intelligence in robotic sensing. My thesis develops Bayesian Aggregation (BA), a machine learning pipeline for understanding patterns in noisy sensor data and extracting structure from multiple correlated observations.
Management of peripheral arterial disease

The risk factors, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of peripheral arterial disease are reviewed. Peripheral arterial disease is characterized by a gradual reduction in blood flow to one or more limbs secondary to atherosclerosis. Risk factors include smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. The most common clinical manifestation is intermittent claudication. The prevalence of intermittent claudication in people over the age of 50 is 2-7% for men and 1-2% for women. The ankle:brachial pressure index (ABPI) is a useful measure of disease severity; an ABPI of 0.5-0.9 is common in intermittent claudication. The goals of therapy are to relieve or reduce ischemic symptoms, alleviate disability, improve in functional capacity, prevent progression that may result in gangrene and limb loss, and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Treatment includes risk-factor modification, drug therapy (primarily with antiplatelet agents), and revascularization procedures. Aspirin has been shown to be effective in reducing the associated risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. Ticlopidine appears to be a reasonable alternative for patients who are hypersensitive to aspirin. Clopidogrel has been shown to be more effective than aspirin in patients with recent myocardial infarction, recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease. There is controversy over the appropriate treatment for acute arterial occlusions. Risk-factor modification and antiplatelet drugs are the mainstays of therapy for patients with intermittent claudication, the most common manifestation of peripheral arterial disease.
Rules of Acquisition for Mementos and Their Content

Text extraction from web pages has many applications, including web crawling optimization and document clustering. Though much has been written about the acquisition of content from live web pages, content acquisition of archived web pages, known as mementos, remains a relatively new enterprise. In the course of conducting a study with almost 700,000 web pages, we encountered issues acquiring mementos and extracting text from them. The acquisition of memento content via HTTP is expected to be a relatively painless exercise, but we have found cases to the contrary. We also find that the parsing of HTML, already known to be problematic, can be more complex when one attempts to extract the text of mementos across many web archives, due to issues involving different memento presentation behaviors, as well as the age of the HTML in their mementos. For the benefit of others acquiring mementos across many web archives, we document those experiences here.
Detection and structural characterization of thermally generated isoflavone malonylglucoside derivatives.

Malonylglucoside isomers were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet/mass spectrometric detection and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The formation and interconversions of the isomers were monitored in heated buffer and soymilk systems. Two positional or steroisomers of malonylgenistin and malonydaidzin, showing similar UV spectra and molecular weights yet different fragmentation patterns, were detected. NMR characterization of the malonylgenistin isomer revealed its structure to be 4′′-O-malonylgenistin, suggesting a malonyl migration from the glucose-6 position to the glucose-4 position. Interconversions of malonylgenistin and its isomer were observed in both buffered and soymilk systems. While malonylgenistin partially converted to the isomer upon thermal treatment, conversion of the isomer to malonylgenistin was more spontaneous. The malonylgenistin isomer represented 6−9% of the total calculated genistein content in soymilk heated at 100 °C for various periods of time...
Strategic planning in Nigeria versus the U.S.: A case of anticipating the (next) coup

Research Translation Do chief executive officers of firms in developing countries perform strategic planning activities differently from their counterparts in more developed countries? Based on studies conducted with U.S. firms, we know that when executives plan, they actively scan their organization's environment for important information. However, when countries lack the technological, political and social infrastructures that enable scanning, how do executives perform strategic planning activities?
The use of active living every day to improve mass transit district employees' physical activity affect and enjoyment

The transportation industry faces a myriad of health problems, including obesity, physical inactivity, poor nutrition, and high stress levels compared to individuals in other sectors of the workforce. The study's purpose was to examine the impact of active living every day (ALED) as a way to promote and increase mass transit workers' physical activity participation by creating changes in physical activity affect and enjoyment. This study condensed the traditional 12-week ALED program into a 6-week format and delivered it in two phases. The first phase received a 6-week version of the program with its original content. The second phase received a 6-week version of the program, tailored to meet the particular needs of the mass transit workforce. Affect was measured using the Feeling Scale and physical activity enjoyment was measured using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale. For physical activity affect and enjoyment, there were significant increases (p = .001, p = .001 respectively) in the tailored inter...
The robustness of a deterministic supervised learning scheme

For a hard-limited, one-layered perceptron, the connection matrix to meet a set of given input-output mapping relations can be solved in a noniterative (one-step) manner if the given set satisfies a certain "legality" condition. The study of a simplified, but most commonly encountered case, would then reveal to us some important characteristics of this one-step learning scheme. This paper conentrates at the discussion of the robustness of recognition after the learning is achieved.
Clinical significance of the detection of contagious disease indexes in paediatric patients before blood transfusion and operation

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of the related contagious disease indexes in paediatric patients before blood transfusion and operation.Methods Serum HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and syphilis antibody(TRUST) were detected in 4 700 pre-transfusion and pre-operation paediatric patients in a hospital. The corresponding contagious disease indexes were detected in the mothers whose children were positive.Results In all cases, there were 96(2.04%) positive patients. The positive rate of HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and TRUST was 1.32%, 0.45%, 0.09%, 0.19% respectively in pre-transfusion and pre-operation paediatric patients; 48.39%,71.43%,75.00%,100.00% respectively in the 96 mothers whose children were positive.Conclusion The detection of the related contagious disease indexes in paediatric patients before blood transfusion and operation is very significant for the early diagnosis and therapy of the communicable diseases, preventing and avoiding nosocomial infection, medical workers' occupational exposure and medical dispute. It can remind the related departments and generational age women of alerting and preventing the occurrence of the maternal-infantile transmission diseases.
Impact Analysis on the Variations of the Thermo-physical Property of Building Envelopes and Occupancy in Building Energy Performance Assessment

Abstract Understanding the impact of uncertainty in modeling the thermo-physical property of building envelopes and building occupancy on energy analysis has recently received attention. This paper evaluates the impact of the variations of the thermo-physical property of building envelopes and occupancy on building energy analysis. As the data format for accessing and updating building information for energy analysis, gbXML-based BIM is leveraged. We first studied the impact of reflecting the as-is thermo-physical properties of different building envelopes from thermographic sensing on building energy load calculation. Then, the response of energy simulation model with respect to the variations of building occupancy is explored. Finally, the impact of each variation on building energy use intensity is analyzed through the regression analysis. Several experiments were conducted on a building located in six different climatic zones in the U.S. The perceived benefits of continuous updating of energy profiles for model calibration for reliable energy analysis under uncertainty and the related open research challenges are discussed in detail.
Breast carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, and T3 thyrotoxicosis in a male cretin

A male patient with clinical and radiographic evidence of cretinism was found to have T3 thyrotoxicosis. The cause was thought to be a well-differentiated follicular carcinoma of the thyroid. Although the disease was not documented, the patient probably had long-standing hypothyroidism. Untreated primary thyroid failure accompanied by high serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) may be carcinogenic to the thyroid. The association of thyroid abnormalities and male breast carcinoma is discussed.
Airborne compact rotational Raman lidar for temperature measurement

We developed an airborne compact rotational Raman lidar (CRL) for use on the University of Wyoming King Air (UWKA) aircraft to obtain two-dimensional (2D) temperature disman tributions. It obtained fine-scale 2D temperature distributions within 3 km below the aircraft for the first time during the PECAN (Plains Elevated Convection At Night) campaign in 2015. The CRL provided nighttime temperature measurements with a random error of <0.5 K within 800 m below aircraft at 45 m vertical and 1000 m horizontal resolution. The temperatures obtained by the CRL and a radiosonde agreed. Along with water vapor and aerosol measurements, the CRL provides critical parameters on the state of the lower atmosphere for a wide range of atmospheric research.
Power Allocation and Task Scheduling on Multiprocessor Computers with Energy and Time Constraints

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Preliminaries Problem Analysis Pre-Power-Determination Algorithms Post-Power-Determination Algorithms Summary and Further Research References
Reduced Healthcare Use and Apparent Savings with Passive Home Monitoring Technology: A Pilot Study.

Objectives To conduct a cost analysis of ambient assisted living technology, which is promising for improving the ability of individuals and care providers to monitor daily activities and gain better awareness through proactive management of health and safety. Design Three-arm cohort study. Setting Homes of enrollees of a state-based healthcare plan for older adults. Participants Enrollees dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid (N = 268). Intervention Health and safety passive remote patient monitoring (PRPM) systems were installed in enrollees’ homes (the intervention group) with monitoring and proactive intervention of a case manager when deviation from baseline subject behavior was detected. Measurements Claims data were collected over 12 months to assess healthcare use and costs in the intervention group and to compare use and costs with those of two control groups: a concurrent group of enrollees who declined the technology and a historical cohort matched on age to the participation group. Results Although the small sample size precluded cost differences that were statistically significant, the participant group used substantially less custodial care, emergency department (ED) services, inpatient stays, and ED costs than the two control groups. Conclusion In this pilot study, the PRPM system was associated with apparent healthcare cost savings. Although more cost analyses are warranted, ambient assisted living technologies are a potentially valuable investment for older adult care.
Ground robotic measurement of aeolian processes

Abstract Models of aeolian processes rely on accurate measurements of the rates of sediment transport by wind, and careful evaluation of the environmental controls of these processes. Existing field approaches typically require intensive, event-based experiments involving dense arrays of instruments. These devices are often cumbersome and logistically difficult to set up and maintain, especially near steep or vegetated dune surfaces. Significant advances in instrumentation are needed to provide the datasets that are required to validate and improve mechanistic models of aeolian sediment transport. Recent advances in robotics show great promise for assisting and amplifying scientists’ efforts to increase the spatial and temporal resolution of many environmental measurements governing sediment transport. The emergence of cheap, agile, human-scale robotic platforms endowed with increasingly sophisticated sensor and motor suites opens up the prospect of deploying programmable, reactive sensor payloads across complex terrain in the service of aeolian science. This paper surveys the need and assesses the opportunities and challenges for amassing novel, highly resolved spatiotemporal datasets for aeolian research using partially-automated ground mobility. We review the limitations of existing measurement approaches for aeolian processes, and discuss how they may be transformed by ground-based robotic platforms, using examples from our initial field experiments. We then review how the need to traverse challenging aeolian terrains and simultaneously make high-resolution measurements of critical variables requires enhanced robotic capability. Finally, we conclude with a look to the future, in which robotic platforms may operate with increasing autonomy in harsh conditions. Besides expanding the completeness of terrestrial datasets, bringing ground-based robots to the aeolian research community may lead to unexpected discoveries that generate new hypotheses to expand the science itself.
Identification of integrin as potential molecular markers in human glioblastoma multiforme: Microarray analysis guided by contrast-enhanced MRI

10007 Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a primary brain tumor with poor prognosis and low survival rate. It is characterized as a highly infiltrative and vascular tumor, with morphologic...
LIFE SKILL TRAINING AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE: A PAN COMMONWEALTH PERSPECTIVE

Young people constitutes the majority of population in Asia and Africa region now and will remain, the same for few more decades. Young people are identified as the reagent of development across the globe. In fact the Sustainable Development Goals, which has been proclaimed recently by the United Nations -which is a follow-up global agenda to the Millennium Development Goals also emphasizes the importance of young people in the course of sustainable development. Life skill training has become an invincible ingredient of discussions, particularly while the discussing about development in line with young people. The recent discussions by all international bodies has significantly gladdened the topic and mounted country specific policies and programmes allied to the same. Countries like India, Srilanka, Singapore and Malaysia has already started to capitalize young people and impart life skill training for them. The enormous amount invested on young people is been equalized to the future of the country. The current paper investigates on the possibility and strategies to slot in the life skill training in Asian countries to equip the young people to ensure their productive contribution to the economy. It further describes different approaches to the life skill training across globe and the success identified. The study is purely on the basis of the secondary data available with the Commonwealth Secretariat and other international bodies.
Initiation of Bacteriophage λ DNA Replication in Vitro in a System Reconstituted with Purified Proteins

Extensive genetic and biochemical studies during the past three decades have established bacteriophage λ as a prototype for elucidation of the fundamental molecular mechanisms responsible for initiation and regulation of chromosomal DNA replication (see Keppel et al. 1988) for a recent review of λ DNA replication).
Caring Through Conversation: Communication in Health Care

Health-care providers often hear “the best” in response to the question of what patients would want for themselves while receiving care. And many times, the assumption underlying this phrase is the best doctor, the best test, and the best medication. Time and again, however, it becomes clear that the meaning of these words changes during the patient's health-care journey, shifting from the most knowledgeable physician, the most precise computed tomography scanner, the lowest mortality rate to something very different. It becomes the people who care, who demonstrate compassion and empathy, and who can communicate effectively about a range of important topics. Patients and providers are most satisfied (and indeed have improved health outcomes) when they share a mutual respect and a therapeutic relationship that is based on caring and compassionate people. These values and qualities are shared through communication. This chapter discusses the importance of learning the principles of effective communication skills and disseminating that knowledge throughout the medical community.
Patterns of palliative care referral in ovarian cancer: A single institution 5 year retrospective analysis

Abstract Background The American Society of Clinical Oncology recommends that patients with advanced cancer receive dedicated palliative care services early in their disease course. This investigation serves to understand how palliative care services are utilized for ovarian cancer patients in a tertiary referral center. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of women treated for ovarian cancer at our institution from 2010 through 2015. Clinical variables included presence and timing of palliative care referral. Data were correlated utilizing univariable and multivariable parametric and non-parametric testing, and survivals were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and cox-proportional hazard models. Results We identified 391 women treated for ovarian cancer, of whom 68% were diagnosed with stage III or IV disease. Palliative care referral was utilized in 28% in the outpatient (42%) and inpatient (58%) settings. Earlier use of referral was observed in those who never underwent surgical cytoreduction or had interval cytoreductive surgery (p Conclusions The outcomes in this study suggest a late use of palliative care that is reactionary to patient needs and not a routine component of ovarian cancer care as national guidelines recommend.