cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Study of ICRF Ferrite Tuner

This paper describes the analysis following the breakdown of an ion cyclotron radio frequency (ICRF) tuner purchased from Advanced Ferrite Technology (AFT). The codes used in the analysis were CST and COMSOL. These codes use the standard gyromagnetic model for the ferrite, which gives results that are largely in error when compared with measurements at ICRF and at lower hybrid frequencies. We have measured a slab of the ferrite used in the ICRF tuner provided by AFT and from these measurements we have constructed a tabular model of the ferrite and inserted it into the COMSOL code. The results give performance that closely agrees with the performance specifications issued by AFT. We then used this modified code to correlate the simulation with the destructive evidence found in the tuner. The correlation was good between the destruction spot and the peak of the standing electric field. Pictures of the destruction and the heating in the tuner and the standing field results from the simulation are given.
Returning to humanity’s moral heritages

AbstractThe main arguments of my lecture were how humans are failing themselves and devastating earth’s biosphere, at least in part, because they became uncooperative with two key ecological inheritances: raising the young within the human evolved developmental niche and, as part of this, facilitating the development of a deep attachment to, knowledge of and respect for their local landscape of other-than-human entities. Without humanity’s return to these cooperative evolutionary roots, the species will be doomed, along with many other-than-human beings. The now-widespread mental illness of ‘human supremacism’ that results from these missing pieces has spread around the planet and is destroying ecological integrity. The ‘Sacred Money and Markets’ story (SMM) that David Korten criticizes and I briefly discuss is a symptom of these missing pieces of human inheritance. We must return to a Sacred Life and Living Earth story with lifestyles to match.
An Introduction to Classical Dynamics

Classically, the subject of discrete complex dynamical systems involves the study of iteration of polynomial and rational maps on ℂ or ℙ1 (ℂ). The local theory of analytic iteration dates back to the 19th century, but the modern theory of global complex dynamics starts with the foundational works of Fatou [166], [167] and Julia [223] in 1918–1920. From that beginning has arisen a vast literature.
CHAPTER 20 – Other Pharmacologic Agents Influencing Bone Loss

This chapter focuses on the question of whether aging makes bones more vulnerable to pharmacological agents that have been shown to cause bone loss and susceptibility to fracture. These agents include glucocorticoids and other immunosuppressive drugs, thyroid hormones, anticonvulsants, and antimetabolites. The chapter also considers vitamin D analogs because they may be used to counteract the bone loss from anticonvulsants and the thiazide diuretics because they are another class of pharmacologic factors affecting bone. A concise answer to the question of whether the responses to all of these drugs are affected by aging would be that for the most part, this has not been systematically investigated, and further investigation is warranted. However, one can at least consider the likelihood that there will be differences, based not only on the effects of aging on bone, but on the indications for the use of the agents, whether pharmacokinetic factors that change with aging have an impact on these drugs, and whether there are other general factors that could determine whether this is likely to be a consideration in the therapeutic use of the agents.
Ethical Issues and Practical Challenges in Suicide Research

Abstract. Background: Research with human subjects represents a critical avenue for suicide prevention efforts; however, such research is not without its ethical and practical challenges. Specifically, given the nature of research with individuals at elevated risk for suicide (e.g., increased concerns regarding participant safety, adverse events, liability, difficulties often arise during the institutional review board (IRB) evaluation and approval process. Aims: This paper aims to discuss IRB-related issues associated with suicide prevention research, including researcher and IRB panel member responsibilities, suicide risk assessment and management ethics and procedures, informed consent considerations, preparation of study protocols, and education and training. Points to consider and components to potentially include in an IRB application for suicide-related research are additionally provided. Method: Literature relevant to ethics in suicide research and suicide risk assessment and management was review...
The use of propranolol in the treatment of subglottic hemangiomas: A literature review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objectives 1) Describe the origins of the use of propranolol in the treatment of subglottic hemangiomas, 2) Perform meta-analysis of all case reports and series in which propranolol was used to treat subglottic hemangiomas. Study design Literature review and meta-analysis. Methods A total of 61 cases were identified from 19 scholarly articles. Cases were assessed by parameters including age at diagnosis, presence of other hemangiomas, percent airway obstructed, dose of propranolol, treatment duration, age at therapy termination, use of steroids, and treatment failure. Treatment failure was defined as: 1) Need for surgery after initiation of propranolol, 2) Return of symptoms, or 3) Endoscopic worsening/recurrence of hemangioma. All data was subjected to comprehensive statistical analysis. Results Though not statistically significant, a trend was noted towards a decreased treatment failure rate with increasing doses of propranolol (p = 0.0563). The use of concurrent steroids was associated with a higher failure rate (p = 0.0487). Notably, no associations were observed between the presence of additional hemangiomas, prior surgery, or increased initial percent airway obstruction with treatment failure. Conclusion Propranolol is rapidly becoming the standard of care in the treatment of subglottic hemangiomas. Despite widespread adoption, the rarity of this condition has limited previous studies to case reports and small series. No evidence-based guidelines exist for proper dosing of propranolol. The results of this meta-analysis suggest a benefit to higher doses of propranolol (3 mg/kg/day), though further investigation is needed.
The Yoke of Linked Credit:A Study of Coastal Villages in Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu

Almost in everyone's life, credit becomes important as it serves as a shock-absorber in handling the difficulties of personal economy. In particular, it comes to be a life-support in the lives of fishermen because of the hazardous nature of their occupation, seasonal income and the paucity of funds. To maintain their trade and more often for their survival itself, the fishermen in the coastal sector of Kanyakumari district (study area) are found to be using both formal and informal credit sources. It has been found that the formal sources hardly lend down credit to these fishermen due to non-collateral security requirements, thus forcing the fishermen to have recourse to the informal sources for their credit needs which pushes the sample respondents' either into market linked or labour linked credit. This type of credit binds the fishermen to sell their catch at under-pricing or under-weighing. As a consequence, result from 376 samples indicate that irrespective of the crafts they own, an average sample respondents' economic position is reported to be low and they live in utter poverty with a hand to mouth situation. The fishermen, who borrow loans and advances, opt for this slow poison which has a stranglehold on them throughout their lives. This paper presents a number of recommendations for policy interventions to redress this danger and to uplift the economic condition of the fisherfolk who contribute 1.10 per cent to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Indian economy.
Analysis of injury severity of large truck crashes in work zones

Work zones are critical parts of the transportation infrastructure renewal process consisting of rehabilitation of roadways, maintenance, and utility work. Given the specific nature of a work zone (complex arrangements of traffic control devices and signs, narrow lanes, duration) a number of crashes occur with varying severities involving different vehicle sizes. In this paper we attempt to investigate the causal factors contributing to injury severity of large truck crashes in work zones. Considering the discrete nature of injury severity categories, a number of comparable econometric models were developed including multinomial logit (MNL), nested logit (NL), ordered logit (ORL), and generalized ordered logit (GORL) models. The MNL and NL models belong to the class of unordered discrete choice models and do not recognize the intrinsic ordinal nature of the injury severity data. The ORL and GORL models, on the other hand, belong to the ordered response framework that was specifically developed for handling ordinal dependent variables. Past literature did not find conclusive evidence in support of either framework. This study compared these alternate modeling frameworks for analyzing injury severity of crashes involving large trucks in work zones. The model estimation was undertaken by compiling a database of crashes that (1) involved large trucks and (2) occurred in work zones in the past 10 years in Minnesota. Empirical findings indicate that the GORL model provided superior data fit as compared to all the other models. Also, elasticity analysis was undertaken to quantify the magnitude of impact of different factors on work zone safety and the results of this analysis suggest the factors that increase the risk propensity of sustaining severe crashes in a work zone include crashes in the daytime, no control of access, higher speed limits, and crashes occurring on rural principal arterials.
Why Do Construction Hazards Remain Unrecognized at the Work Interface

AbstractProper hazard recognition is an essential prerequisite to effective safety management. However, recent research has demonstrated that a large proportion of safety hazards remain unrecognize...
Primes, Arithmetic Functions, and the Zeta Function

In this chapter we will discuss properties of primes and prime decomposition in the ring A = F[T]. Much of this discussion will be facilitated by the use of the zeta function associated to A. This zeta function is an analogue of the classical zeta function which was first introduced by L. Euler and whose study was immeasurably enriched by the contributions of B. Riemann. In the case of polynomial rings the zeta function is a much simpler object and its use rapidly leads to a sharp version of the prime number theorem for polynomials without the need for any complicated analytic investigations. Later we will see that this situation is a bit deceptive. When we investigate arithmetic in more general function fields than F(T), the corresponding zeta function will turn out to be a much more subtle invariant.
Wie man’s nimmt. Zum Zusammenhang von Rassentheorien und Humor in den Schriften von Fritz von Herzmanovksy-Orlando [How you look at it. The relations between grotesque humour and racial theories in the writings of Fritz von Herzmanovsky-Orlando]

This article discusses the relationship between grotesque humor and racial theo­ries in the works of Fritz von Herzmanovsky-Orlando. The humor of his literary works comprises deviant characters and slips of the tongue, exposing a penchant for physiological and philological deviations. In his esoteric writings, ariosophic legends and etymological acumen serve to reconstruct inhabitants and languages of a fallen age. The author’s humor is thus based on political beliefs of the 1920’s, rendering him, his people and language greater than they could actually be.
Abstract 947: CXCR4 in combination with immune check point inhibition in ovarian cancer mouse model demonstrates potential for novel therapeutic strategies

Chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 are the most highly expressed chemokine axis in serous ovarian cancer. CXCR4 promotes tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. High CXCR4 expression is associated with poor survival, making it an attractive therapeutic target. The objective of this study was to establish an immune competent murine ovarian cancer model with high CXCR4 expression and to test single agent CXCR4 blockade and combination therapy to optimize emerging treatment strategies for future clinical trials. CXCR4 expression was evaluated by flow cytometry in ID8, ID8-VEGF, IE9-MP1, BR5, BR5-Akt, BR5-C2k, and BR5-Kras mouse ovarian cancer cell lines as well as IE9-MP1 tumor samples. Subsequently an exploratory study was undertaken utilizing the ID8 immune competent mouse model to assess the efficacy of AMD3100, the only commercially available CXCR4 inhibitor, alone and in combination with bevacizumab and anti-PD-1. Immune analysis of circulating lymphocytes by flow cytometry was performed during treatment to monitor changes of immune cell subsets. Surface expression of CXCR4 receptor was minimal in ID8 (1.6%), ID8-VEGF (0.9%), IE9-MP1 (1.8%), BR5 (0.9%), BR5-Akt (1.2%), BR5-C2k (2.3%), and BR5-Kras (1.1%), however intracellular staining revealed widespread CXCR4 expression in ID8 (99.6%), ID8-VEGF (99.7%) BR5 (96.7%), BR5-Akt (94.3%), BR5-C2k (98.2%), and BR5-Kras (98.7%) cell lines. Using the ID8 intraperitoneal ovarian cancer mouse model in C57BL/6J mice, treatment with immunotherapy significantly increased cell surface expression of CXCR4 from 2% in the control group to 79.6-91.8% in the treatment group. Treatment with AMD3100 as a single agent showed no improvement in survival over control. However, AMD3100 in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy significantly improved survival. The addition of bevacizumab demonstrated no further survival benefit and bevacizumab as a single agent showed no improvement in survival over control, either alone or in combination with anti-PD-1. Analysis of circulating lymphocytes revealed a trend toward higher CD4 to CD8 ratio in mice who were treated with anti-PD1 therapy. Targeting the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis in combination with other immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors is a novel therapeutic strategy which may provide benefit over single-agent immunotherapy and warrant investigation in a clinical trial. Citation Format: Kristen Starbuck, Robert McGray, Samar Masoumi-Moghaddam, Ariel Francois, Kunle Odunsi, Emese Zsiros. CXCR4 in combination with immune check point inhibition in ovarian cancer mouse model demonstrates potential for novel therapeutic strategies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 947. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-947
Influence of a Floating Plane on Effective Ground Plane Inductance in Multilayer Packages

The impact of a floating metal layer on the effective ground plane inductance has igated for multilayer packages with ground planes. Both thick and thin tries were examined. It was seen that the floating plane actually increases plane inductance in the multilayer package. An explanation for this is given by examining the current density in the floating and ground ground plane partial self-inductance and ground-signal partial mutual developing a package. Even unintentional metal layers such as heat potentially add to switchng noise in a multilayer package, especially if th close proximity to ground and signal layers.
Timing of exhumation, Wheeler Pass thrust sheet, southern Nevada and California: Late Jurassic to middle Cretaceous evolution of the southern Sevier fold-and-thrust belt

Zircon (U-Th)/He (ZHe) thermochronologic data for 46 samples from the Wheeler Pass thrust sheet, which carries thick passive-margin strata and is discontinuously exposed across the southern part of the Sevier fold-and-thrust belt, record Late Jurassic cooling related to exhumation during early thrust slip, and local middle Cretaceous cooling related to footwall basement imbrication. Within the frontal part of the Wheeler Pass sheet exposed in the northwest Spring Mountains, ZHe ages decrease from ca. 160 to 140 Ma over a paleodepth interval of ∼6 to 9 km in Devonian to Lower Cambrian strata, interpreted to record exhumation and enhanced cooling above a frontal ramp, followed by slow cooling. A similar pattern of ZHe ages occurs over a more limited paleodepth range exposed within the Resting Spring Range. To the south in the Nopah Range, ZHe ages of ca. 140 Ma in Lower Cambrian strata record early cooling, followed by slow cooling until ca. 100 Ma. ZHe ages in underlying Paleoproterozoic basement rocks decrease from ca. 100 to 85 Ma over a paleodepth interval of ∼9 to 12 km, interpreted to record uplift, exhumation, and cooling during footwall basement imbrication as slip was transferred eastward onto the Keystone thrust system. Late Jurassic slip on the Wheeler Pass thrust overlapped with deformation along the NW-trending East Sierran thrust system, early hinterland crustal thickening, and growth of the Sierra magmatic arc, and may have been correlative with early deformation in the Central Nevada thrust belt. Slip on the Wheeler Pass thrust preceded major slip on other thrust sheets that carried thick passive-margin strata in more northern parts of the Sevier belt, probably reflecting the influence of different initial widths and tapers of the passive-margin sedimentary wedge.
How to Motivate Students: An Overview of Part I

In this book, we describe how interval and fuzzy techniques can help in education.Before we even start teaching the material, we need to motivate the students. As we have mentioned, this is an extremely important aspect of teaching: if a student does not understand why this material is useful, this student may not be as committed to study.
Public Choice, Class, and the Ecology of Free Expression

State actors should not be trusted to police-expressive activity not least because they can be expected to do so as a way of advancing their personal and class interests.
Perognathus penicillatus pricei

These karyotypes are gifts of Dr. James L. Patton who collected the specimens from Sonora, Mexico. The karyotype of this subspecies of P. penicillatus is very different from those of the subspecies presented in Folio 58.
The Non-dictyostelid Sorocarpic Amoebae

The social life cycle made famous through research on the dictyostelids is not an evolutionary innovation that is solely unique to the dictyostelids. Since 1873, other protistans with similar life styles have been recognized. Historically, they have been allied under various taxonomic classifications over the last 140 years; however, the recent influx of molecular data has proven that analogous methods through a social means to form a spore dispersal structure have independently arose in 7 different lineages of eukaryotic organisms. Here we provide a brief introduction to each of the amoeboid organisms that display this behavior focusing on their life histories and the history of the research on each taxon. These organisms represent one of the most striking examples of ultimate convergent evolution across the greatest possible evolutionary distances in eukaryotic evolution. Research into the molecular and developmental biology, that underlies the evolution of a social life cycle and formation of a fruiting body is still in its infancy when compared to the dictyostelids. However, the genomes from several non-dictyostelid sorocarpic amoebae are soon becoming available, and a new age of research into these fascinating organisms is beginning to gain traction.
Risk Factors for Depression in Adolescents With ADHD: The Impact of Cognitive Biases and Stress.

Objective: Youth diagnosed with ADHD are at heightened risk of depression. However, many do not develop depression. Individuals with specific cognitive biases are more likely to develop depression ...
The CITIES Project: Understanding the Health of Underrepresented Populations in Ohio.

Background: Ohio, the catchment area of The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center (OSUCCC), includes diverse populations with different cancer profiles. As part of the National Cancer Institute (NCI)-funded initiative to conduct population health assessments in cancer center catchment areas, the OSUCCC surveyed residents, focusing on factors contributing to cancer disparities in Ohio populations. Methods: Two sampling strategies were used: (i) probability sampling of mailing lists and (ii) convenience sampling at community events, coupled with phone/in-person/web surveys. Survey items were chosen along multilevel framework constructs, used in concert with other funded NCI-Designated Cancer Centers. Multivariable logistic regression models investigated predictors associated with health behaviors, cancer beliefs, knowledge, and screening. Results: The sample of 1,005 respondents were white (46.6%), African American (24.7%), Hispanic (13.7%), Somali (7.6%), and Asian (7.5%). A total of 216 respondents were Appalachian. Variations in cancer attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors were noted by racial/ethnic and geographic group. Multivariable models identified individuals with less financial security as less likely to exercise or be within guidelines for screening, but more likely to smoke and have a poor diet. At the community-level, measures of poverty were highest in Appalachia, whereas children in female-headed households were greater in urban minority areas. Conclusions: This population health assessment reinforced the diversity of the OSUCCC catchment area. These populations are ripe for implementation science strategies, focusing in communities and clinics that serve vulnerable populations. Impact: Understanding attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors of this population can assist tailoring outreach and research strategies to lessen the cancer burden.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease that affects various organ systems, is common in women of childbearing age. Pregnancy in women with SLE is associated with high maternal and neonatal complications. Maternal complications include increased risk of disease flares, preeclampsia, thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and maternal death. Fetal complications include neonatal lupus, higher incidence of miscarriages, stillbirths, and neonatal death. The anesthetic management of women with SLE is dependent on the organ involvement and severity of the disease. Epidural analgesia for labor can be performed in parturients who have acceptable platelet counts and coagulation profile. General anesthesia is reserved for patients who have contraindications to neuraxial anesthesia or for emergent cesarean delivery. Endotracheal intubation may be difficult due to cricoarytenoid arthritis, vocal cord palsy, and tracheal stenosis. A multidisciplinary approach in the management can lead to more favorable outcomes.
The Relationship Between Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure and Blood Flow in the Retina and Optic Nerve

Advancements in imaging technologies over the past several decades have allowed for the identification of non-intraocular pressure (IOP) processes involved in glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Perhaps the most commonly cited non-IOP risk factors are impaired ocular circulation and/or faulty vascular regulation and vasospasm [1, 2]. Other important considerations include the possible synergistic interaction between IOP and intracranial pressure (ICP) and their effects on ocular structure and circulation [3]. The ability to assess ICP in glaucoma has been significantly limited by the highly invasive nature of ICP measurements. Recently, the ability to quantify ICP noninvasively has significantly improved, with pilot data suggesting a link between low ICP and glaucoma [4]. Even though the limited data on the topic prevents us from drawing definitive conclusions, the emergence of noninvasive assessment protocols holds great promise to define the pathway of ICP’s involvement in glaucoma. In this article, new data and analysis on cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFp) and its impact on optic nerve and retinal microcirculation will be explored alongside the broader implications of ICP in glaucoma. One difficulty in interpreting ICP as a risk factor for the onset and progression of glaucoma is the interplay and possible synergies among IOP, ICP, and the ocular circulation. Advances in physically based mathematical modeling have recently allowed for the exploration of glaucoma risk factor interconnectivity [5–9], providing further insight into glaucoma pathophysiology, and eventually may allow for individualized screening and improved patient-specific treatment options [10]. The concepts of ICP, pilot data, and future paradigms in glaucoma management are presented herein, with a focus on comprehensively understanding the role and impact that ICP may have on glaucomatous optic neuropathy.
The Potential Compensation Principle and Constant Marginal Utility of Income

In policy applications, industrial economists are wont to invoke the Kaldor—Hicks potential compensation principle to justify the use of deadweight loss as a measure of the welfare cost of market power. This usage rests on two assumptions. One of these assumptions, that changes in consumer and producer surplus are weighted equally, is well understood. The other assumption, that the marginal utility of income is constant, receives less attention. In a simple model, I show that if there is decreasing marginal utility of income, the use of deadweight loss as an index of market performance rests on shaky ground.
Getting stuck in writing: exploring elementary students’ writing self-regulation strategies

To understand the self-regulatory strategies children used while writing, we asked 780 elementary school students in the United States, “What do you do when you get stuck in your writing?” Using an...
Associations Between Transgender Exclusion Prohibitions and Insurance Coverage of Gender-Affirming Surgery

Purpose: This investigation examined how coverage of gender-affirming surgery differs between states that do and do not have prohibitions against explicit transgender exclusions in private insuranc...
Use Of Non-Ablative Dose Of Radiation To Enhance Delivery Of Unmodified Morpholino Oligonucleotides In A Brain Tumor Model To Silence MGMT And Enhance The Efficacy Of Chemo-Radiation (4281)

Objective: Non-ablative Ionizing radiation ( XRT) is well known to alter neuro-vascular unit (NVU) permeability. We evaluate the use of XRT to enhance delivery of intravenously administered Morpholino Oligonucleotides designed to silence O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in a MGMT expressing human derived brain tumor xenograft model. Background: MGMT, a key DNA repair enzyme is associated with resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). We have previously reported the use of a non-ablative dose of ionizing radiation (XRT) to prime human cancer cells to enhance the uptake of unmodified anti-MGMT morpholino oligonucleotides (AMONs) to achieve statistically significant reduction in the in-vitro proliferation index and cell viability with a single dose of AMONs and TMZ. Our prior work has demonstrated that this is by enlarge mediated by up regulation of physiologic endocytosis after XRT. Design/Methods: Intracranial tumor (MGMT expressing human derived H460 non-small cell lung cancer, n=12) bearing athymic nude rats received a single dose of cranial radiation (2Gy) with oral TMZ for 4 consecutive days starting on the day of XRT. In addition, six animals were randomly selected to receive AMON (10.5mg/kg) 24 hrs after XRT, the remaining served as controls. All animals were euthanized and brains harvested 7 days after XRT and tumor volumes measured by immunoblotting. This experiments was repeated in human derived D283 medulloblastoma xenografts (n=12) Results: A 60% (p=0.034) reduction in MGMT expression was noted in brain tumors treated with XRT and iv AMONs. Although not significant, a 40% reduction in tumors volumes were noted in the animals treated with a single dose of AMONs and chemo-radiation. Conclusions: We demonstrate the first use of XRT to guide and enhance delivery of AMONS to brain tumors. In this proof of concept study, silencing MGMT enhances the toxicity of XRT and TMZ. This approach warrants further evaluation and may improve outcomes in patients with tumors with un-methylated MGMT. Disclosure: Dr. Ambady has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Walker has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kersch has nothing to disclose. Dr. Morris has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bills has nothing to disclose. Dr. Holland has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pagel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Muldoon has nothing to disclose. Dr. Neuwelt has nothing to disclose.
Cost-Aware Cascading Bandits

In this paper, we propose a cost-aware cascading bandits model, a new variant of multi-armed bandits with cascading feedback, by considering the random cost of pulling arms. In each step, the learning agent chooses an ordered list of items and examines them sequentially, until certain stopping condition is satisfied. Our objective is then to maximize the expected net reward in each step, i.e., the reward obtained in each step minus the total cost incurred in examining the items, by deciding the ordered list of items, as well as when to stop examination. We first consider the setting where the instantaneous cost of pulling an arm is unknown to the learner until it has been pulled. We study both the offline and online settings, depending on whether the state and cost statistics of the items are known beforehand. For the offline setting, we show that the Unit Cost Ranking with Threshold 1 (UCR-T1) policy is optimal. For the online setting, we propose a Cost-aware Cascading Upper Confidence Bound (CC-UCB) algorithm, and show that the cumulative regret scales in $O(\log T)$ . We also provide a lower bound for all $\alpha$ -consistent policies, which scales in $\Omega (\log T)$ and matches our upper bound. We then investigate the setting where the instantaneous cost of pulling each arm is available to the learner for its decision-making, and show that a slight modification of the CC-UCB algorithm, termed as CC-UCB2, is order-optimal. The performances of the algorithms are evaluated with both synthetic and real-world data.
A fellow-run clinic achieves similar patient outcomes as faculty clinics: A safe and feasible model for gynecologic oncology fellow education

Abstract Objectives Fellow involvement in patient care is important for education, but effect on patient care is unclear. Our aim was to compare patient outcomes in gynecologic oncology attending clinics versus a fellow training clinic at a large academic medical center. Methods A retrospective review of consecutive gynecologic oncology patients from six attending clinics and one faculty-supervised fellow clinic was used to analyze differences based on patient demographics, cancer characteristics, and practice patterns. Primary outcome was overall survival (OS); secondary outcomes included recurrence-free survival (RFS), postoperative complications and chemotherapy within the last 30 days of life. Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier curves with log-rank tests. Results Of 159 patients, 76 received care in the attending clinic and 83 in the fellow clinic. Patients in the fellow clinic were younger, less likely to be Caucasian, and more overweight, but cancer site and proportion of advanced stage disease were similar. Both clinics had similar rates of moderate to severe adverse events related to surgery (15% vs. 8%, p = .76), chemotherapy (21% vs. 23%, p = .40), and radiation (14% vs. 17%, p = .73). There was no difference in median RFS in the fellow compared to attending clinic (38 vs. 47 months, p = .78). OS on both univariate (49 months–fellow clinic, 60 months–attending clinic vs. p = .40) and multivariate analysis [hazard ratio 1.3 (0.57, 2.75), P = .58] was not significantly different between groups. Conclusions A fellow-run gynecologic oncology clinic designed to provide learning opportunities does not compromise patient outcomes and is a safe and feasible option for fellow education.
Seizure Risk in Patients Undergoing 30-Day Readmission After Continuous EEG Monitoring.

PURPOSE The use of continuous electroencephalographic (cEEG) monitoring has improved the understanding of the seizure risk during acute hospitalization. However, the immediate posthospitalization seizure risk in these patients remains unknown. Patients undergoing 30-day readmission after initial cEEG monitoring were analyzed to fill this knowledge gap. METHODS A prospectively maintained cEEG database (January 1, 2015-December 31, 2015) was used to identify adults who underwent a repeat cEEG during their 30-day readmission after cEEG during their index hospitalization (index cEEG). Various demographical, clinical, and cEEG variables were extracted including indication for cEEG: altered mental status and clinical seizure-like events. RESULTS A total of 57 of the 2,485 (2.3%) adults undergoing index cEEG during the study period had concerns for seizures and underwent repeat cEEG during a 30-day readmission. These patients were almost three times more likely to have suffered electrographic seizure on the index admission (odds ratio, 2.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.54-5.15; P < 0.001) compared with non-readmitted patients. Seizure-like events led to the readmission of 40.4% patients. Close to one in five (19.3%) readmitted patients were found to have an electrographic seizure. Only variable predictive of seizure on readmission was seizure-like events (odds ratio, 6.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-33.0; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS A small percentage of patients have clinical presentation concerning for seizures with in 30 days after index cEEG. The risk of electrographic seizures in this patient population is higher than patients who have cEEG monitoring but do not undergo a 30-day readmission requiring repeat cEEG. Future research on early identification of patients at risk of 30-day readmission because of concerns for seizure is needed.
Surface Chemistry and Quantum Dot Luminescence: Shell Growth, Atomistic Modification, and Beyond

Quantum dots are used in the research laboratory and in commercial applications for their bright, size-tunable luminescence. While empirical synthesis and processing optimization have led to many q...
"We Need to Taper." Interviews with Clinicians and Pharmacists About Use of a Pharmacy-Led Opioid Tapering Program.

OBJECTIVE To identify factors that influence or interfere with referrals by primary care providers (PCPs) to a pharmacist-led telephone-based program to assist patients undergoing opioid tapering. The Support Team Onsite Resource for Management of Pain (STORM) program provides individualized patient care and supports PCPs in managing opioid tapers. DESIGN Qualitative interviews were conducted with referring PCPs and STORM staff. Interview guides addressed concepts from the RE-AIM framework, focusing on issues affecting referral to the STORM program. SETTING An integrated healthcare system (HCS) in the Northwest United States. SUBJECTS Thirty-five interviews were conducted with 20 PCPs and 15 STORM staff. METHODS Constant comparative analysis was used to identify key themes from interviews. A codebook was developed based on interview data and a qualitative software program was used for coding, iterative review, and content analysis. Representative quotes illustrate identified themes. RESULTS Use of the STORM opioid tapering program was influenced by PCP, patient, and HCS considerations. Factors motivating use of STORM included lack of PCP time to support chronic pain patients requiring opioid tapering and the perception that STORM is a valued partner in patient care. Impediments to referral included PCP confidence in managing opioid tapering, patient resistance to tapering, forgetting about program availability, and PCP resistance to evolving guidelines regarding opioid tapering goals. CONCLUSIONS PCPs recognized that STORM supported patient safety and reduced clinician burden. Utilization of the program could be improved through ongoing PCP education about the service and consistent co-location of STORM pharmacists within primary care clinics.
Closing the Rift: Discovery of a novel virus receptor

In this issue of Cell, Ganaie et al. reports the identification of LRP1 as a receptor of the highly pathogenic Rift Valley fever virus. By using genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening and functional studies, Ganaie et al. identified LRP1 and several co-factors as essential elements for virus infection.
Two classes of tight junctions are revealed by ZO-1 isoforms.

The tight junction forms the intercellular barrier separating tissue compartments. The characteristics of this barrier are remarkably diverse among different epithelia and endothelia and are not ex...
NMR line shape studies of static and dynamic systems

3 INTRODUCTION 4 EFFECTIVE HAMILTONIANS AND THE TRANSIENT DECAY 8 ORIENTATION DEPENDENT TRANSITION FREQUENCIIES 17 FIELD DEPENDENT CRITICAL FREQUENCIES 26 FIRST ORDER QUADRUPOLE VS. SHIFT INTERACTION 29 SECOND ORDER QUADRUPOLE VS. SHIFT INTERACTION 38 EXPERIMENTAL 46 DISCUSSION 51 CONCLUSION 56 REFERENCES 60 PART II. A STUDY BY SOLID STATE NMR OF l^^Cs AND ^H OF A KYDRATED AND DEHYDRATED CESIUM HORDENITE 77 ABSTRACT 79 INRODUCTION 80 EXPERIMENTAL 82 RESULTS 84 DISCUSSION 89 CONCLUSION 92 REFERENCES 9879 INRODUCTION 80 EXPERIMENTAL 82 RESULTS 84 DISCUSSION 89 CONCLUSION 92 REFERENCES 98
Exclusion and the Sherman Act

Both ? 1 and ? 2 of the Sherman Act prohibit anticompetitive exclusion from markets. Section 2 condemns the exclusionary practices of a single firm.' Section 1 condemns exclusionary conduct under the rubric of boycotts or concerted refusals to deal, including predatory acts against the rivals of a cartel or joint venture,2 as well as tying and exclusive dealing.3 Notwithstanding a century of litigation,4 the scope
Ganglioside biosynthesis. Concentration of glycosphingolipid glycosyltransferases in Golgi apparatus from rat liver.

Abstract Golgi apparatus fractions from rat liver contained all glycosyltransferases which catalyze the in vitro biosynthesis of N-acetylneuraminylgalactosylglucosylceramide (Gm3), (N-acetylneuraminyl)2-galactosylglucosylceramide (Gd3), N-acetylgalactosaminyl-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide (Gm2), galactosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosyglucosylceramide (Gm1), and N-acetylneuraminylgalactosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide (Gd1a) from the corresponding precursors. Relative to total particulate fractions, these transferases were enriched 22 to 27 times in Golgi apparatus. Rough endoplasmic reticulum fractions also contained a full complement of these glycolipid glycosyltransferases; specific activities with endoplasmic reticulum were 2 to 4 times those of total particulate fractions. Plasma membrane fractions displayed negligible glycolipid glycosytransferase activities. The combined Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum fractions accounted for more than 80% of the total homogenate glycolipid glycosyltransferase activities. The results show that gangliosides are not synthesized at the surface membrane. As with membrane glycoproteins, gangliosides appear to be glycosylated in endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus during transport to the surface membrane.
Catastrophes in Lagrangian Systems — A

The dynamical systems discussed in these lectures are systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom. We shall consider both classical and quantum mechanical systems whose dynamical equations can be obtained from a Lagrangian L(f(t), f(t), t). The paths f map a time interval π = [ta, tb] into the configuration space M of the system. For nearly all physical systems M is a Riemannian manifold often multiply connected. A classical path q : T → M is a solution of the Euler Lagrange equation satisfying some boundary conditions which are chosen here to be q(ta) = a, q(tb) = b unless otherwise specified.
Modeling responses of diatom productivity and biogenic silica export to iron enrichment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean

[1] Using a three-dimensional physical-biogeochemical model, we have investigated the modeled responses of diatom productivity and biogenic silica export to iron enrichment in the equatorial Pacific, and compared the model simulation with in situ (IronEx II) iron fertilization results. In the eastern equatorial Pacific, an area of 540,000 km2 was enhanced with iron by changing the photosynthetic efficiency and silicate and nitrogen uptake kinetics of phytoplankton in the model for a period of 20 days. The vertically integrated Chl a and primary production increased by about threefold 5 days after the start of the experiment, similar to that observed in the IronEx II experiment. Diatoms contribute to the initial increase of the total phytoplankton biomass, but decrease sharply after 10 days because of mesozooplankton grazing. The modeled surface nutrients (silicate and nitrate) and TCO2 anomaly fields, obtained from the difference between the “iron addition” and “ambient” (without iron) concentrations, also agreed well with the IronEx II observations. The enriched patch is tracked with an inert tracer similar to the SF6 used in the IronEx II. The modeled depth-time distribution of sinking biogenic silica (BSi) indicates that it would take more than 30 days after iron injection to detect any significant BSi export out of the euphotic zone. Sensitivity studies were performed to establish the importance of fertilized patch size, duration of fertilization, and the role of mesozooplankton grazing. A larger size of the iron patch tends to produce a broader extent and longer-lasting phytoplankton blooms. Longer duration prolongs phytoplankton growth, but higher zooplankton grazing pressure prevents significant phytoplankton biomass accumulation. With the same treatment of iron fertilization in the model, lowering mesozooplankton grazing rate generates much stronger diatom bloom, but it is terminated by Si(OH)4 limitation after the initial rapid increase. Increasing mesozooplankton grazing rate, the diatom increase due to iron addition stays at minimum level, but small phytoplankton tend to increase. The numerical model experiments demonstrate the value of ecosystem modeling for evaluating the detailed interaction between biogeochemical cycle and iron fertilization in the equatorial Pacific.
Cough: meeting the needs of a growing field

There has been a rapidly increasing volume of research undertaken in the field of acute and chronic cough at both basic scientific and clinical levels. However, until now there has been no journal dedicated to publishing work in this field. In this editorial, we introduce the new online, open-access journal entitled Cough which has been founded specifically for this purpose. We also review the clinical problems posed by acute and chronic cough and highlight some of the current issues that are being tackled by cough researchers.
Thermococcus kodakarensis Genetics: TK1827-Encoded β-Glycosidase, New Positive-Selection Protocol, and Targeted and Repetitive Deletion Technology

Inactivation of TK1761, the reporter gene established for Thermococcus kodakarensis, revealed the presence of a second beta-glycosidase that we have identified as the product of TK1827. This enzyme (pTK1827) has been purified and shown to hydrolyze glucopyranoside but not mannopyranoside, have optimal activity at 95 degrees C and from pH 8 to 9.5, and have a functional half-life of approximately 7 min at 100 degrees C. To generate a strain with both TK1761 and TK1827 deleted, a new selection/counterselection protocol has been developed, and the levels of beta-glycosidase activity in T. kodakarensis strains with TK1761 and/or TK1827 deleted and with these genes expressed from heterologous promoters are described. Genetic tools and strains have been developed that extend the use of this selection/counterselection procedure to delete any nonessential gene from the T. kodakarensis chromosome. Using this technology, TK0149 was deleted to obtain an agmatine auxotroph that grows on nutrient-rich medium only when agmatine is added. Transformants can therefore be selected rapidly, and replicating plasmids can be maintained in this strain growing in rich medium by complementation of the TK0149 deletion.
NLG: natural language graphics

The goal of the NLG project is to enhance person-computer interaction by using more than one mode of communication. The project uses a combination of natural language and graphics for both input and output. This allows development of practical, habitable systems suitable for users who are naive about programming, and encourages productive use of computers by more people. Mixed graphical and linguistic interaction could be an important tool in a variety of application areas.
Quantum computation in the analysis of hyperspectral data

Recent research on the topic of quantum computation provides us with some quantum algorithms with higher efficiency and speedup compared to their classical counterparts. In this paper, it is our intent to provide the results of our investigation of several applications of such quantum algorithms - especially the Grover's Search algorithm - in the analysis of Hyperspectral Data. We found many parallels with Grover's method in existing data processing work that make use of classical spectral matching algorithms. Our efforts also included the study of several methods dealing with hyperspectral image analysis work where classical computation methods involving large data sets could be replaced with quantum computation methods. The crux of the problem in computation involving a hyperspectral image data cube is to convert the large amount of data in high dimensional space to real information. Currently, using the classical model, different time consuming methods and steps are necessary to analyze these data including: Animation, Minimum Noise Fraction Transform, Pixel Purity Index algorithm, N-dimensional scatter plot, Identification of Endmember spectra - are such steps. If a quantum model of computation involving hyperspectral image data can be developed and formalized - it is highly likely that information retrieval from hyperspectral image data cubes would be a much easier process and the final information content would be much more meaningful and timely. In this case, dimensionality would not be a curse, but a blessing.
A controlled evaluation of problem-solving communication training with parent-adolescent conflict*

Thirty-three families experiencing parent-adolescent conflict received problem-solving communication training, alternative family therapy, or a wait-list condition. Problem-solving communication training consisted of training in skills for negotiating solutions to specific disputes, remediation of negative communication patterns, cognitive restructuring of inappropriate attitudes, and practive in applying negotiation-communication skills at home. Alternative family therapy consisted of a heterogeneous blend of dynamic, family systems, and electic family therapy practiced at the clinic where the study took place. Both treatments resulted in significant reductions in self-reported disputes and conflictual communication at home; however, only problem-solving communication training resulted in significant improvements in problem-solving communication behavior objectively coded during family discussions. Most of the significant treatment effects were maintained at a 10-week follow-up. The results support the effectiveness of problem-solving communication training in ameliorating parent-adolescent conflict.