cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Aspects of the same-sign diboson signature from wino pair production with light higgsinos at the high luminosity LHC

Naturalness arguments applied to simple supersymmetric (SUSY) theories require a set of light higgsinos with mass $\ensuremath{\sim}|\ensuremath{\mu}|$ not too far from ${m}_{h}$. These models have an inverted electroweakino spectrum with $|\ensuremath{\mu}|\ensuremath{\ll}{M}_{2}$ which leads to a rather clean, hadronically quiet, same-sign diboson (SSdB) signature at hadron colliders arising from neutral-plus-charged wino pair production. We improve and expand our earlier studies of this signature for discovering SUSY in natural SUSY models by (i) including backgrounds which were not previously considered and which turn out to be significant, (ii) devising more efficient cuts to successfully contend with these larger backgrounds and determining the discovery reach and exclusion ranges for winos with these cuts, emphasizing projections for the updated integrated luminosity target for HL-LHC of $3\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{ab}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, and (iii) emphasizing the utility of this channel for natural models without gaugino mass unification. We display the kinematic characteristics of the relatively jet-free same sign $\mathrm{dilepton}+{\overline{)E}}_{T}$ events (from leptonic decays of both $W\mathrm{s}$) and find that these are only weakly sensitive to the parent wino mass. We also examine the charge asymmetry in these events and show that its measurement can be used to check the consistency of the wino origin of the signal. Finally, we show that---because the wino branching fractions in natural SUSY are essentially independent of details of the underlying model---a determination of the rate for clean, same-sign dilepton events yields a better than 10% determination of the wino mass over the entire mass range where experiments at the HL-LHC can discover the wino signal.
Integrating performance assessments across a PK-20 continuum: A locally developed collaboration

A response to Stosich et al.’s (2018) article reviewing ways in which states have taken up performance assessments, this commentary seeks to extend the focus and use of performance assessments to preservice teacher education. As such, the authors describe statewide initiatives in New Hampshire that are working to integrate performance assessments along a PK – 20 continuum by articulating how Stosich et al.’s key points of educator capacity, context, and assessments for and of learning are developing in one state. This commentary highlights key contextual factors for the lasting implementation of the performance assessments as well as raises critical new challenges and opportunities for understanding this tool as an assessment for and of learning.
Clonal fish are more aggressive to distant relatives in a low resource environment

Kin selection explains conditions under which closely related individuals should be less antagonistic towards one another. One benefit of kin selection is a reduction in aggression towards kin in various social contexts, such as foraging. In the gynogenetic Amazon molly, females have been shown to differentiate between clone types, preferring to associate with clonal sisters to non-sisters, regulating their aggressive behaviours accordingly. We ask if Amazon mollies in resource-limited environments retain the ability to regulate aggressive behaviours according to relatedness. We found that focal females regulated their aggressive behaviours depending on partner type. Females spent more time behaving aggressively towards the heterospecific females than either of the clonal lineages, and towards non-sister clones compared to clonal sisters. We are able to confirm that kin discrimination is maintained, resulting in females showing more aggression towards heterospecific females and non-sister clones in a food-limited environment, and that this aggression scales with relatedness.
Calculation of Solvation Free Energies

Solvation effects play an important role in determining the properties and activities of biological molecules that function in a predominantly aqueous environment. To a good degree of approximation, a solvated molecule can be modeled as a set of point charges in a low-dielectric cavity that is embedded in a high-dielectric medium. The electrostatic free energy of the solvated molecule can then be obtained by solving the Poisson equation. One method for doing this is through a boundary element calculation. However, for large molecules such as proteins, this can involve solving a system of tens of thousands of linear equations. Using fast summation methods, we are able to reduce the calculation time to a matter of seconds.
Proceedings of the 15th Workshop on Formal Techniques for Java-like Programs

These are the proceedings of the 15th Workshop on Formal Techniques for Java-like Programs (FTfJP 2013) held together with ECOOP 2013 in Montpellier, France. The call for papers resulted in the submission of 15 abstracts, used for PC bidding. One paper was withdrawn. The remaining 14 full papers were then reviewed over 3 weeks. Each paper received at least 3 reviews. After a weeklong electronic PC discussion we decided to accept 7 papers for presentation at the workshop.
Polyelectrolyte-micelle coacervates: intrapolymer-dominant vs. interpolymer-dominant association, solute uptake and rheological properties.

The effects of polyelectrolyte charge density, polyelectrolyte-to-surfactant ratio, and micelle species on coacervation were studied by turbidity, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential measurements to examine the coacervation of the weak polyelectrolyte branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) and oppositely charged sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles as well as BPEI and mixed micelles composed of SDS and poly(ethylene glycol) 4-nonylphenyl 3-sulfopropyl ether potassium salt (PENS). The results of dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements are discussed in terms of pH and BPEI-to-surfactant ratio. An intrapolymer-dominant to interpolymer-dominant association model for the BPEI–micelle coacervates was proposed based on the variation of size and zeta potential of coacervate particles by their BPEI-to-surfactant ratio. The partition coefficient of solutes into BPEI–micelle coacervates was determined using UV-vis measurements as a function of pH, BPEI-to-surfactant ratio, and mixed micelle composition. Both the hydrophobicity of solutes and micelles, as well as the association mode of coacervates, impact the solute uptake efficiency. Dynamic rheological measurements on the coacervates suggest that the rheological properties of the complex coacervates are impacted by the association mode of the coacervates as well as the charge density on BPEI chains during coacervation.
Reexamining the demand for HR certification in the United States

Given the addition of new Human Resources (HR) certification offerings by the Society for Human Resource Management and the increase in HR certifications being awarded by the HR Certification Institute, it is necessary to investigate the current rate of demand for HR certification and explore practical implications for those within the field. The current study analyzed over 5,300 HR job announcements and found 20.7% demanded (preferred and/or required) HR certification with more requiring HR certification than before. Additionally, HR certification demand was positively related to salary, experience, education level, and job title with demand reaching 33.7% for managerial HR roles.
Yield Management: Where We've Been, Where We Are, Where We're Going

The author describes yield management and the technology used to implement yield management in hotels, issues in usefulness, and legal issues concerning the use of yield management. A look into the future is provided, along with a critique of what further research may be needed in order to raise the level of usefulness of yield management systems in the hotel industry to that found in the airlines.
Dividing “Above” and “Below”: Constructing Territory for Ecosystem Service Conservation in the Ecuadorian Highlands

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) arrangements aim to influence human activities in critical ecosystems that produce, among other services, water, biodiversity, and carbon sinks. In practice, P...
Inflammatory Response of Articular Cartilage to Femoroacetabular Impingement in the Hip.

Background:Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been proposed as an etiologic factor in up to 50% of hips with osteoarthritis (OA). Inflammation is thought to be one of the main initiators of OA,...
A Comparison of Machine Learning Applications Across Professional Sectors

Outside of the technology world, there is a great deal of confusion surrounding artificial intelligence and its related concepts. The terminology can be confusing and often prevents the general public from engaging with the conversation about its impact and implications in a substantial way. This review will cover the uses of machine learning in the financial, health care, and advertising industries in order to shed light on its various applications in an accessible way. By synthesizing the literature associated with each sector's uses of machine learning, we will contribute to the conversation in a way that seeks to clarify an often mythologized subject in a way that can be understood by anyone who wishes to engage with the larger conversation about the role, scope, and ethics of machine learning in the future.
How to Read like Mrs. Consumer: Modernizing and Americanizing the Mondadori Publishing Company’s Magazine Division

This chapter reveals for the first time the modernization and Americanization of the Mondadori Publishing Company’s magazine division after the Second World War. Exploring the concentrated efforts and various strategies of company owner, Arnoldo Mondadori, to Americanize his magazines, including courting the powerful American publisher Henry R. Luce, founder of Time, Life, and Fortune magazines, and his wife, Clare Boothe Luce, US Ambassador to Italy (1953–1956), Harris illustrates how Mondadori’s publications played a key role in bringing postwar American female consumer culture to Italy. Additionally, this chapter demonstrates how this culture created new definitions for Italian women that contrasted with the traditionally more conservative Catholic and Communist models also competing for prominence in postwar Italy.
Hidden Costs: Understanding the Financial Implications of Incentivizing Full-Time Enrollment among Community College Students

Using data from students and academic advisors at one of the nation’s largest community colleges, our qualitative study examined the cost-related implications of efforts to increase full-time enrol...
Superparamagnetic nanoadsorbents for the removal of trace As(III) in drinking water

Abstract A series of novel zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) decorated superparamagnetic graphene oxide hybrid nanoadsorbents were synthesized, characterized, and tested for their As(III) adsorbed amount in simulated drinking water. The three composite nanomaterials are based each on three isostructural and water stable ZIFs, (C-1 based on ZIF-8, C-2 based on ZIF-67, and C-3 based on ZIF-Zn/Co). The composite nanomaterials and there parent materials were characterized through pXRD, TEM, FTIR, BET and magnetometry methods (SQUID), and were tested as adsorbents in a representative drinking water matrix containing arsenite (As(III)) at an initial trace concentration (realistic in some natural drinking water sources) of 35 µg/L. The nanoadsorbents were magnetically captured and removed after adsorption in batch conditions. Out of the three composites, C-2 shows the highest As(III) adsorbed amount at an initial concentration of 35 µg/L (q0) of 202 µg/g, followed by C-3 with 102 µg/g and C-1 with 82 µg/g.
Impact of imprecise household location on effective coverage estimates generated through linking household and health provider data by geographic proximity: a simulation study.

Geographic proximity is often used to link household and health provider data to estimate effective coverage of health interventions. Existing household surveys often provide displaced data on the central point within household clusters rather than household location. This may introduce error into analyses based on the distance between households and providers. We assessed the effect of imprecise household location on quality-adjusted effective coverage of child curative services estimated by linking sick children to providers based on geographic proximity. We used data on care-seeking for child illness and health provider quality in Southern Province, Zambia. The dataset included the location of respondent households, a census of providers, and data on the exact outlets utilized by sick children included in the study. We displaced the central point of each household cluster point five times. We calculated quality-adjusted coverage by assigning each sick child to a provider’s care based on three measures of geographic proximity (Euclidean distance, travel time, and geographic radius) from the household location, cluster point, and displaced cluster locations. We compared the estimates of quality-adjusted coverage to each other and estimates using each sick child’s true source of care. We performed sensitivity analyses with simulated preferential care-seeking from higher-quality providers and randomly generated provider quality scores. Fewer children were linked to their true source of care using cluster locations than household locations. Effective coverage estimates produced using undisplaced or displaced cluster points did not vary significantly from estimates produced using household location data or each sick child’s true source of care. However, the sensitivity analyses simulating greater variability in provider quality showed bias in effective coverage estimates produced with the geographic radius and travel time method using imprecise location data in some scenarios. Use of undisplaced or displaced cluster location reduced the proportion of children that linked to their true source of care. In settings with minimal variability in quality within provider categories, the impact on effective coverage estimates is limited. However, use of imprecise household location and choice of geographic linking method can bias estimates in areas with high variability in provider quality or preferential care-seeking.
A Pilot Study Of Aspirin Resistance In Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) leads to endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity, which arelinked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and implicated in the development of aspirin resistance. We hypothesized that aspirin resistance is prevalent among OSA patients and aimed to explore effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on aspirin responsiveness. Methods: In Phase 1, prevalence of aspirin resistance was determined cross-sectionally in a group of OSA patients (n=59) on daily low-dose aspirin (81 mg) taken before entering the study, for primary or secondary prevention. In Phase 2, aspirin responsiveness before and after initiation of CPAP therapy was compared and stratified by endothelial function in a cohort of aspirin-naive patients with newly diagnosed OSA (n=18). Results: In Phase 1, prevalence of aspirin resistance was 17%; most patients (56%) were on CPAP therapy. In Phase 2, initiation of CPAP therapy was associated with significant improvement in endothelial function (p=0.03). The mean pre-CPAP aspirin resistance units (ARU) was 569 (SD=75). In subjects with endothelial dysfunction (44%), the mean decrease after initiation of CPAP therapy was 43 ARU (SD=81, p=0.18). In contrast, subjects with normal endothelial function experienced the mean decrease of 8 ARU (SD=116, p=0.83). Conclusion: Aspirin resistance may be prevalent among OSA patients. After initiation of CPAP therapy, we observed a trend towards improvement in aspirin responsiveness among patients with endothelial dysfunction. The role of endothelial dysfunction and aspirin resistance should be explored in further studies that focus on the effect of CPAP on cardiovascular outcomes.
The Impact of Active Learning Instructional Techniques on Recreational Therapy Undergraduate Students

Over the last several years there has been a call to increase the quality of recreational therapy (RT) education. During this same time active learning has grown in popularity as a way to help incr...
Materials needs for energy absorption in space- vehicle landings.

Material deformation mechanisms and requirements for energy absorption during impact landing of space vehicles such as lunar excursion module
Thermal and photochemical reactions of methanol on nanocrystalline anatase TiO2 thin films

The catalytic and photo-catalytic activity of well-defined anatase TiO2 nanocrystals for the partial oxidation of methanol was investigated using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) in ultra-high vacuum in order to determine how crystallite size and shape affect reactivity. The TiO2 films used in this study were prepared from well-defined TiO2 nanocrystals synthesized by colloidal methods. These nanocrystals had a truncated bi-pyramidal shape which exposes primarily (101) and to a lesser extent (001) surfaces and ranged in size from 10 to 25 nm. Two distinct regimes of reactivity were investigated, namely in the dark and under UV light illumination. In the dark, methanol adsorbed dissociatively on the (001) planes and only molecularly on the (101) surfaces. Dissociated methoxy groups on the (001) surfaces coupled to produce dimethyl ether, suggesting the presence of fourfold coordinate Ti cations. Under UV light illumination, the nanocrystals were additionally found to be active for the photo-catalytic oxidation of methanol to methyl formate. On the (101) surfaces, this reaction proceeded in a stepwise photocatalytic pathway involving dehydrogenation of methanol to form methoxy groups and then formaldehyde, followed by coupling of these latter two species to form methyl formate. The (001) surfaces were also found to be photo-catalytically active but surface methoxy groups could be produced thermally and the reaction proceeds only to formaldehyde in the absence of molecularly adsorbed methanol. The overall photocatalytic activity of the nanocrystals was also was found to increase with increasing crystallite size. The results of this study show that thin films of well-defined nanocrystals are excellent model systems that can be used to help bridge the materials gap between studies of single crystal surfaces and high surface area polycrystalline catalysts.
Schwann Cells Express Active Agrin and Enhance Aggregation of Acetylcholine Receptors on Muscle Fibers

To explore novel roles of glial cells in synaptic function and formation, we examined the expression of agrin in frog Schwann cells and tested their role in the aggregation of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). Using reverse transcription-PCR, we found that Schwann cells along nerve fibers in tadpoles expressed only the inactive agrin isoform B0 but began to also express active agrin isoforms B11 and B19 at approximately metamorphosis. During nerve regeneration in the adult, the expression of these active agrin isoforms in Schwann cells was upregulated, including the appearance of the most potent isoform, B8. This upregulation was induced by regenerating axons but not by nerve injury per se. In muscle cultures, the presence of adult Schwann cells enhanced the number and the total area of AChR aggregates 2.2- and 4.5-fold, respectively, and this enhancement was eliminated by heparin treatment. Furthermore, adult Schwann cells in culture expressed active agrin isoforms and produced agrin protein. Using a novel technique to selectively ablate perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs) at the neuromuscular junction, we found that PSCs also expressed active agrin isoforms B11 and B19, and these active isoforms were upregulated, including the appearance of B8, during reinnervation. Observation in vivo showed that extrajunctional AChR aggregates were associated with PSC sprouts after nerve injury and subsequent reinnervation. These results suggest that, contrary to the prevailing view that only neurons express active agrin, glial cells also express active agrin and play a role in the aggregation of AChRs both in vitro and in vivo.
THE SPECIFICITY OF ALLERGIC REACTIONS VII. IMMUNOLOGIC UNRESPONSIVENESS, DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY, AND CIRCULATING ANTIBODY TO PROTEINS AND HAPTEN-PROTEIN CONJUGATES IN ADULT GUINEA PIGS

Adult guinea pigs were made unresponsive to a heterologous protein (e.g. bovine gamma globulin, or BGG) or a hapten-protein conjugate (e.g. p-aminobenzoic acid-bovine gamma globulin, or PABAγmiddot;BGG) by intraperitoneal injection of 80 mg cyclophosphamide and the specific antigen. This immunologic unresponsiveness developed to the specific antigen administered simultaneously with the cyclophosphamide, and not to any variants. Thus, animals unresponsive to PABAγmiddot;BGG remained unresponsive to the original antigen on challenge with a variant, but formed delayed hypersensitivity and circulating antibody to the variant. The specificity of immunologic unresponsiveness, therefore, seems more closely related to the whole antigen molecule than does delayed hypersensitivity.
Hydrogen induced cracking in cold worked AISI 4140 steel welds

The relative susceptibility to hydrogen induced cracking of cold deformed AISI 4140 steel welds was investigated. Controlled amounts of diffusible hydrogen were introduced into these weldments by utilizing the gas metal arc welding process with additions of hydrogen to the shielding gas. The crack behaviour was measured in terms of total crack length and distance from the fusion line. The crack propagated along the coarse grain structure of the HAZ about the fusion line. The refinement of the grain resulting from the increased cold roll reduces the crack activity. The susceptibility to hydrogen induced cracking of the cold worked samples appear to be sensitive to a critical value of residual stresses and to the orientation of the weld with respect to the rolling direction.
China and World Order

This paper makes a macro-inquiry into Chinese global politics by defining and elaborating the Chinese image and strategy of world order within a normative framework. Empirical data and behavioral r...
Flight dynamics system design

Flight Dynamics Systems (FDS) are an integral component of every satellite ground system — they model and manage the orbital position and movement of satellites. As a global provider of satellite space and ground systems, Lockheed Martin has developed and deployed numerous FDSs for a wide-range of satellite systems. These in-house custom solutions were developed at a time when extensive analysis indicated that comparable commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) capabilities did not exist in the market. Today, vendors are providing comparable, lower-cost, reliable, robust FDS capabilities. This project focuses on exploring the use of COTS products that can be more easily adapted to different satellites to reduce development time and life-cycle costs. The project evaluates how well each product satisfies Lockheed's needs, both in fulfilling technical requirements and in adaptability to Lockheed's existing systems. A comprehensive review of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) flight dynamics systems identified three possible candidates as possible replacements for the current approach. These solutions, produced severally by Analytical Graphics Inc., A.I. Solutions, and GMV, were evaluated against a set of requirements and objectives developed in coordination with Lockheed Martin. Two systems, Satellite Toolkit (STK) from Analytical Graphics, and FreeFlyer from A.I. Solutions, were selected for prototype development in part due to their extensive number of prior installations and also limited access to GMV software. Prototype interfaces for STK and FreeFlyer were developed to simulate those systems' interactions with a notional satellite constellation and associated software suite, through several specific use cases. The goal of creating and testing the prototypes is to more deeply evaluate the challenges associated with customizing and adapting a COTS FDS through experiencing those challenges first-hand. Analysis revealed that STK's Java-based interfaces are more suited to Lockheed's requirements, facilitating the required transfers natively. The socket-based connections available in FreeFlyer are sufficient for data exchange but increase processing overhead because of required intermediary steps.
Failure of cellular foams under multiaxial loading

Abstract A thorough investigation of the mechanical behavior of a closed-cell cellular foam (Divinycell) under multiaxial stress conditions was undertaken. Two types of Divinycell, H100 and H250, with densities of 100 and 250 kg/m3, respectively, were investigated. The uniaxial tensile, compressive and shear stress–strain curves along the in-plane and the through-the-thickness directions of both materials were obtained. The materials showed quite different stress–strain behavior in tension and compression. The H100 material showed a nearly isotropic behavior, while the H250 material showed orthotropic behavior with a higher stiffness along the through-the-thickness than the in-plane direction. A series of biaxial tests were conducted, including: (i) constrained strip specimens in tension and compression with the strip axis along the through-the-thickness and in-plane directions; (ii) constrained thin-wall ring specimens in compression and torsion; (iii) thin-wall tube specimens in tension and torsion; and (iv) thin-wall tube specimens under axial tension, torsion and internal pressure. From these tests, biaxial strength results in the stress plane of the through-the-thickness and in-plane directions for different values of applied shear were obtained. Failure envelopes were constructed by the Tsai–Wu failure criterion based on the strength values in uniaxial tension, compression and shear. The experimental results were described well by the Tsai–Wu failure criterion.
Physical Properties of Encapsulated Spray-Dried Milkfat

Spray-dried encapsulated milk fat powders were prepared from stable emulsions containing 40-60% milk fat and carbohydrate matrices. Moisture content of the spray-dried powders varied from 1-4%. Lowest free fat content (<10%) was found in powders with 40% fat, encapsulated in sucrose. Angles of repose ranged from 37 to 46°, and correlated with powder flow (p = 0.01). Bulk density was dependent on the encapsulant and declined with increasing fat content. Product density did not influence powder recovery through the cyclone of the dryer. Particle size distribution ranged from 20 to 120 μm with 80% of the particles < 100 μm. Powders with best physical properties were made with 40-50% butteroil encapsulated in sucrose.
Maximum pseudo likelihood estimation in network tomography

Network monitoring and diagnosis are key to improving network performance. The difficulties of performance monitoring lie in today's fast growing Internet, accompanied by increasingly heterogeneous and unregulated structures. Moreover, these tasks become even harder since one cannot rely on the collaboration of individual routers and servers to measure network traffic directly. Even though the aggregative nature of possible network measurements gives rise to inverse problems, existing methods for solving inverse problems are usually computationally intractable or statistically inefficient. A pseudo likelihood approach is proposed to solve a group of network tomography problems. The basic idea of pseudo likelihood is to form simple subproblems and ignore the dependences among the subproblems to form a product likelihood of the subproblems. As a result, this approach keeps a good balance between the computational complexity and the statistical efficiency of the parameter estimation. Some statistical properties of the pseudo likelihood estimator, such as consistency and asymptotic normality, are established. A pseudo expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is developed to maximize the pseudo log-likelihood function. Two examples, with simulated or real data, are used to illustrate the pseudo likelihood proposal: 1) inference of the internal link delay distributions through multicast end-to-end measurements; 2) origin-destination matrix estimation through link traffic counts.
Low-temperature pyrolysis of Texas lignite, basic extracts and some related model compounds

Abstract Low-temperature (400 °C) pyrolysis of Texas lignite produced volatile products typical of coal tars, with tar evolution beginning at about 300 °C. n -Alkanes up to about C 30 were observed among the products and these were accompanied by smaller but significant amounts of 1 -alkenes. Similar pyrolyses were performed on pyridine extracts and sodium hydroxide extracts of lignite. The alkanes and alkenes were seen among the pyrolysis products from the pyridine extracts and from the residual lignite from both types of extractions, but they were not seen among the pyrolysis products from the sodium hydroxide extracts. Pyrolyses of some model compounds suggested that dealkylation of alkyl-substituted arenes can be significant at 400 °C and can account for the production of the alkanes and alkenes from the lignite.
Blood and Sputum Eosinophil Levels in Asthma and Their Relationship to Sinus Computed Tomographic Findings

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship among blood and sputum eosinophil levels, sinus mucosal thickening, and osteitis in patients with asthma. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted an observational study of 201 patients with asthma who underwent sinus computed tomographic (CT) imaging and induced sputum analysis at Mayo Clinic's site in Rochester, MN, from November 1, 2000, through December 31, 2005. Sinus CT scans were reviewed by an investigator blinded to patients' identity and chart information (J.B.H.) to assess for mucosal thickening. Each scan was assigned a CT score based on the Lund-Mackay staging scale. Approximately 20% of the scans were reviewed at random by a radiologist (N.G.C.) to ensure quality control. Bone changes consistent with osteitis were ascertained from radiology reports. Lung function was measured, and sputum was analyzed by conventional methods. RESULTS Sinus CT scans revealed abnormalities in 136 (68%) of the 201 study patients. Severe mucosal thickening (CT score, ≥12) was found in 60 patients (30%) and osteitis in 18 patients (9%). There was a positive correlation between CT scores and eosinophil levels in both peripheral blood (ρ=0.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.33-0.56; P CONCLUSION Blood and sputum eosinophil levels in patients with asthma are directly correlated with sinus mucosal thickening and are associated with osteitis, lending further support to the hypothesis that asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis are mediated by similar inflammatory processes.
PERHEXILENE MALEATE IN TREATMENT OF ANGINA PECTORIS

Abstract Perhexilene maleate ('Pexid') is a new antianginal drug not chemically related to any drug so far used in the treatment of ischaemic heart-disease. In a double-blind crossover study of 12 patients with angina pectoris perhexilene therapy caused a significant reduction in the frequency of anginal attacks and improvement in exercise tolerance. A diuretic effect was also demonstrated.
The Practice of Dialogue in Critical Pedagogy

This paper examines dialogue in the higher education classroom. Instigated by my teaching experiences and the paucity of empirical studies examining dialogue in the higher education classroom, I present a re-examination of data I collected in 1996 for an ethnographic study focusing on the experiences of the participants in an ethnic literature course. I return to this data in order to cast further insight into my own teaching. After discussing the findings of this study — speaking (or not) as a cultural practice and translating dialogue to democracy — I reflect on how these findings inform my own teaching practice as an untenured assistant professor.
Prediction of Jet Impingement Heat Transfer Using a Hybrid Wall Treatment With Different Turbulent Prandtl Number Functions

The local heat transfer coefficient distribution on a square heat source due to a normally impinging, axisymmetric, confined, and submerged liquid jet was computationally investigated. Numerical predictions were made for nozzle diameters of 3.18 and 6.35 mm at several nozzle-to-heat source spacings, with turbulent jet Reynolds numbers ranging from 8500 to 13,000. The commercial finite-volume code FLUENT was used to solve the thermal and flow fields using the standard high-Reynolds number k-e turbulence model. The converged solution obtained from the code was refined using a post-processing program that incorporated several near-wall models. The role of four alternative turbulent Prandtl number functions on the predicted heat transfer coefficients was investigated. The predicted heat transfer coefficients were compared with previously obtained experimental measurements. The predicted stagnation and average heat transfer coefficients agree with experiments to within a maximum deviation of 16 and 20 percent, respectively. Reasons for the differences between the predicted and measured heat transfer coefficients are discussed.
Auditory Lexical Decisions of Children With Specific Language Impairment

To determine whether children with specific language impairment (SLI) take longer than age peers to recognize sequences of sounds that represent words in their lexicon, we compared auditory lexical...
Incidence of mechanical injury to potatoes during certain storage-related handling operations in the Red River Valley production area

Injury to potatoes during three commercial harvesting and bin-filling operations in the Red River Valley of Minnesota and North Dakota averaged 46.9%. The varieties Norchip, Kennebec, and Viking averaged 24.1, 64.5, and 73.2% respectively in these observations. The Kennebec potatoes, which had the most injury at bin filling, had the least decay at the end of the storage period. Loss of weight during storage averaged 2.04, 2.33 and 1.75 g/kg of potatoes per week, respectively for the Norchip, Kennebec and Viking tubers. During bulk scoop operations none of the factors: type of bucket, condition of pile, or operating speed significantly influenced handling damage.
Ganglionic and cardiac actions of batrachotoxin.

Abstract Batrachotoxin (BTX), the purified active principle from the Colombian Arrow Poison Frog (Phyllobates aurotaenia), blocked transmission in the in situ rabbit superior cervical ganglion preparation when administered intraarterially in doses of 0.3 to 1.3 μg. The initial ganglionic potential was more susceptible to BTX depression than the late potential; the positive afterpotential was abolished and even reversed. At higher doses (1.0 μg or more), the poison caused a prolonged blockade of the ganglionic transmission; a partial recovery of only the late spike was observed within two hours following the administration of BTX. These actions of BTX on the ganglion were partly due to its effect on the impulse conduction in the preganglionic sympathetic nerve in which the poison differentially blocked the initial spake of the preganglionic antidromically evoked action potential. Both the failure of ganglionic transmission and of nerve conduction occuring after BTX were functions of the dose and frequency of stimulation. In most experiments during the blockade of the ganglionic transmission produced by BTX, the ganglion cells were responsive to the depolarizing agents, nicotine, acetylcholine and potassium chloride. The poison also produced a large variety of cardiac arrhythmias including A-V block, multifocal ventricular ectopic beats, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation.
Mentallocane plastomer modification of polypropylenes

Plastomers are ethylene alpha-olefin copolymers made from the single site metallocene catalyst using a variety of polymerization processes. The key features are uniform intermolecular and intermolecular comonomer distribution, low extractables, comonomer dependent melting point, and low ash content. The uniform comonomer insertion resulted in low-density plastomer exhibiting both plastic and elastomeric behavior. The dual character plastomer evolved into a new class of impact modifiers for polypropylenes replacing the conventional ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPR) to produce both thermoplastic olefins (TPOs) and thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs). A hybrid TPE based on grafting of a functional butyl rubber to plastomer was explored. Low temperature impact and clarity can be achieved by matching the reflective index of a plastomer with a random polypropylene copolymer (RCP).
Reconstructing snowmelt in Idaho’s watershed using historic streamflow records

In recent decades, a warming climate likely has accelerated the timing of spring snowmelt in the western United States; however, records of the timing of snowmelt typically only extend to the 1980s. Stream gage data can lengthen records of the timing of snowmelt back to the early 1900s, enhancing understanding of past, current, and future climate change on snowmelt-dominated watersheds and associated ecosystems. We used snowpack telemetry data and historic streamflow records to test reconstructions of final snowmelt dates using Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) wavelet analysis of hydrographs. STFT reconstructions tested against known final snowmelt dates over the last ~25 years indicate final snowmelt can be determined within ±4 days ~95% of the time and within ±7 days 100% of the time. Comparison of the STFT method with the center of timing method indicates that in addition to reconstructing actual snowmelt dates (as opposed to dates associated with the center of timing of streamflow), the STFT method may limit interpretation errors associated with changes in discharge not related to snowmelt. Reconstructions of final snowmelt dates in the Idaho, U.S. study area show intervals of early snowmelt (1920s–1930s), later and less variable snowmelt (1940s–1970s), and both variable and early snowmelt (~1985–2007). Early and variable snowmelt during the last ~20 years is associated with large wildfires.
An innovative methodology for detection and quantification of cracks through incorporation of depth perception

Visual inspection of structures is a highly qualitative method in which inspectors visually assess a structure’s condition. If a region is inaccessible, binoculars must be used to detect and characterize defects. Although several Non-Destructive Testing methods have been proposed for inspection purposes, they are nonadaptive and cannot quantify crack thickness reliably. In this paper, a contact-less remote-sensing crack detection and quantification methodology based on 3D scene reconstruction (computer vision), image processing, and pattern recognition concepts is introduced. The proposed approach utilizes depth perception to detect cracks and quantify their thickness, thereby giving a robotic inspection system the ability to analyze images captured from any distance and using any focal length or resolution. This unique adaptive feature is especially useful for incorporating mobile systems, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, into structural inspection methods since it would allow inaccessible regions to be properly inspected for cracks. Guidelines are presented for optimizing the acquisition and processing of images, thereby enhancing the quality and reliability of the damage detection approach and allowing the capture of even the slightest cracks (e.g., detection of 0.1 mm cracks from a distance of 20 m), which are routinely encountered in realistic field applications where the camera-object distance and image contrast are not controllable.
A (Na+ K+) ATPase of sarcolemma from skeletal muscle.

Abstract Sarcolemma isolated from skeletal muscle contains an ATPase which is stimulated by (Na+ + K+) in the presence of Mg++. In contrast to the ATPases of mitochondria, fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum or natural actomyosin of skeletal muscle assayed under the same conditions, the (Na+ + K+)-stimulated ATPase is inhibited by diphegylhydantoin.
Embedding of a pseudo-point residual design into a Möbius plane

Let U be a class of subsets of a finite set X. Elements of U are called blocks. Let @u, t, @l and k be nonnegative integers such that @u>=k>=t>=0. A pair (X, U) is called a (@u, k, @l) t-design, denoted by S"@l(t, k, @u), if (1) |X| = @u, (2) every t-subset of X is contained in exactly @l blocks and (3) for every block A in U, |A| = k. A Mobius plane M is an S"1(3, q+1, q^2+1) where q is a positive integer. Let ~ be a fixed point in M. If ~ is deleted from M, together with all the blocks containing ~, then we obtain a point-residual design M^*. It can be easily checked that M^* is an S"q(2, q+1, q^2). Any S"q(2, q+1, q^2) is called a pseudo-point-residual design of order q, abbreviated by PPRD(q). Let A and B be two blocks in a PPRD(q)M^*. A and B are said to be tangent to each other at z if and only if [email protected]?B={z}. M^* is said to have the Tangency Property if for any block A in M^*, and points x and y such that [email protected] and [email protected]?A, there exists at most one block containing y and tangent to A at x. This paper proves that any PPRD(q)M^* is uniquely embeddable into a Mobius plane if and only if M^* satisfies the Tangency Property.
The Oogenic Germline Starvation Response in C. elegans

Many animals alter their reproductive strategies in response to environmental stress. Here we have investigated how L4 hermaphrodites of Caenorhabditis elegans respond to starvation. To induce starvation, we removed food at 2 h intervals from very early- to very late-stage L4 animals. The starved L4s molted into adulthood, initiated oogenesis, and began producing embryos; however, all three processes were severely delayed, and embryo viability was reduced. Most animals died via ‘bagging,’ because egg-laying was inhibited, and embryos hatched in utero, consuming their parent hermaphrodites from within. Some animals, however, avoided bagging and survived long term. Long-term survival did not rely on embryonic arrest but instead upon the failure of some animals to produce viable progeny during starvation. Regardless of the bagging fate, starved animals showed two major changes in germline morphology: All oogenic germlines were dramatically reduced in size, and these germlines formed only a single oocyte at a time, separated from the remainder of the germline by a tight constriction. Both changes in germline morphology were reversible: Upon re-feeding, the shrunken germlines regenerated, and multiple oocytes formed concurrently. The capacity for germline regeneration upon re-feeding was not limited to the small subset of animals that normally survive starvation: When bagging was prevented ectopically by par-2 RNAi, virtually all germlines still regenerated. In addition, germline shrinkage strongly correlated with oogenesis, suggesting that during starvation, germline shrinkage may provide material for oocyte production. Finally, germline shrinkage and regeneration did not depend upon crowding. Our study confirms previous findings that starvation uncouples germ cell proliferation from germline stem cell maintenance. Our study also suggests that when nutrients are limited, hermaphrodites scavenge material from their germlines to reproduce. We discuss our findings in light of the recently proposed state of dormancy, termed Adult Reproductive Diapause.
Tenuous Structures from Disorderly Growth Processes

Colloidal aggregation and other random growth processes produce structures that behave differently from ordinary bulk matter. Much of this behavior can be described in terms of the invariance of the aggregates under changes of spatial length scale: they appear to be fractals. There are two types of basic mechanisms for producing fractal aggregates. Those in which aggregation proceeds cluster by cluster can be understood qualitatively in terms of a solvable schematic model. The diffusion-limited aggregation or deposition of individual particles to make a large cluster is not as well understood. It is closely related to several irreversible processes in other areas of physics, such as two-fluid displacement in porous materials and the dielectric breakdown of insulators. More generally, disorderly growth mechanisms provide structures having unique properties, many of which can be understood by using simple statistical principles.
Does Race Matter in Landowners' Participation in Conservation Incentive Programs?

ABSTRACT This study investigated and compared the participation behavior of white and minority small landowners in Alabama in eight conservation incentive programs. Using nonparametric tests and logit modeling, we found both similarities and differences in participation behavior between these two landowner groups. Both white and minority landowners tended not to participate in conservation incentive programs, and were equally likely to participate in the overall programs, Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), Stewardship Incentives Program (SIP), and Forestry Incentives Program (FIP). White landowners, however, were enrolled in the CRP longer and signed up more acres in the CRP and FIP than minorities. Moreover, minorities were more likely to be dissatisfied with program participation and to be unable to afford the cost share. The determinants for program participation vary with program and racial/ethnic background. We suggest new approaches to encouraging program participation by small landowners in genera...
Immunophenotypic analysis of feline haemolymphatic neoplasia using flow cytometry

Tissues from 17 cats with suspected haemolymphatic neoplasia were analysed using phenotypespecific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and flow cytometry. Eight of the cases were also classified according to the French-American-British (FAB) system for acute leukaemias and were characterised by cytochemical staining. Phenotypes identified by the panel of MAb employed here included T lymphocyte, CD4+ lymphocyte, CD8+ lymphocyte, undifferentiated lymphocyte, erythroid or myeloid. By combining the cytological diagnosis of neoplasia with the phenotype, a precise diagnosis was obtained in 15 of the 17 cases. Of the 15 cases successfully phenotyped, eight were T-cell, two were B-cell, one was myeloid, two were erythroid, and two were mixed erythroid and myeloid. Two samples that did not react with the panel of MAb were determined at necropsy to be of non-haemolymphatic origin. Expression of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) by neoplastic cells was demonstrated in three of seven FeLV-positive cats. The lack of a B-lymphocyte-specific MAb was the most significant deficit in the antibody panel and precluded conclusive identification of B-cell leukaemias. The FAB classification provided a more objective means to identify myelodysplastic syndrome versus myeloproliferative disorder. Cytochemical staining confirmed flow cytometric results in non-lymphoid neoplasias but otherwise did not refine the phenotypic diagnosis made by flow cytometric analysis. In the cases presented here, immunophenotyping with flow cytometry and our panel of MAbs, accurately identified lymphoid versus non-lymphoid neoplasia, as well as single and mixed lineage myeloproliferative disorders.
H2B Ubiquitylation Promotes RNA Pol II Processivity via PAF1 and pTEFb

Histone H2B ubiquitination plays an important role in transcription regulation. It has been shown that H2B ubiquitination is regulated by multiple upstream events associated with elongating RNA polymerase. Here we demonstrate that H2B K34 ubiquitylation by the MOF-MSL complex is part of the protein networks involved in early steps of transcription elongation. Knocking down MSL2 in the MOF-MSL complex affects not only global H2BK34ub, but also multiple cotranscriptionally regulated histone modifications. More importantly, we show that the MSL, PAF1, and RNF20/40 complexes are recruited and stabilized at active gene promoters by direct binary interactions. The stabilized complexes serve to regulate chromatin association of pTEFb through a positive feedback loop and facilitate Pol II transition during early transcription elongation. Results from our biochemical studies are underscored by genome-wide analyses that show high RNA Pol II processivity and transcription activity at MSL target genes.