cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Evidence for conversion of corticosterone to aldosterone in man.

SummaryContinuous administration by vein of 300 mg of corticosterone daily for 48 hours to 2 normal men caused sharp rise in urinary aldosterone, retention of sodium, and depression of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids the first day. On the second day aldosterone values began to fall, while sodium retention persisted and 17-hydroxysteroid output was negligible. During the recovery period aldosterone excretion remained below baseline levels for 2 or 3 days, whereas both profuse sodium diuresis and normal 17-hydroxycorticoid excretion appeared promptly on the first day. Essentially similar but less intense effects were exhibited by 1 patient who received 200 mg of corticosterone daily for 2 days. The data suggest that normal man is capable of performing 18-oxygenation of corticosterone to aldosterone. Should further study establish that this conversion occurs within the adrenal cortex, the tentative thesis will be fortified that corticosterone is a physiological precursor in the biosynthesis of aldosterone.
In Vitro Model of Haemophilus ducreyi Adherence to and Entry into Eukaryotic Cells of Genital Origin

Electron microscopy was used to examine Haemophilus ducreyi adherence to and entry into eukaryotic cells of genital origin. A clinical H. ducreyi isolate (90-244) adhered in snake-like whorls to the surfaces of cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa 229), endometrial adenocarcinoma cells (HEC-1-B), and human neonatal foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells. A prototype strain of H. ducreyi (CIP542) adhered in randomly organized clumps on the surfaces of HFF. Strain 90-244 entered HFF and HEC-1-B cells but did not enter HeLa cells. The H. ducreyi in the HFF cells at 2 h were partly surrounded by a membrane consistent with that of a phagocytic vacuole. At 2 h, strain CIP542 was found in interstitial spaces between the HFF cells and also in the cytoplasm of the cells. After 7 and 24 h, both strains of H. ducreyi were found in the large interstitial spaces between the HFF cells, in the cytoplasm, and extracellularly. This model of in vitro H. ducreyi infection of eukaryotic cells will allow for more specific study of factors that determine the virulence of H. ducreyi.
Peroneal tendon abnormalities. A review of 40 surgical cases.

The authors reviewed data from 40 peroneal tendon surgeries performed on 39 patients (25 males and 14 females) between 1991 and 1999. Patients underwent tendon repair, subluxation repair, and/or accessory ossicle and muscle excisions. Some patients underwent more than one procedure, including eight undergoing ankle stabilizations. Preoperatively and postoperatively, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle–hindfoot score was assessed. Average preoperative and postoperative ankle–hindfoot scores were 61.6 (range, 19 to 72) and 91.4 (range, 63 to 100), respectively. Mean group return-to-activity time, defined as initiation of regular activity, including sports, was 3.2 months (range, 1 to 6 months). There were 17 athletes and 22 active patients; no patients were sedentary. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate peroneal tendon pathology in 29 patients. Sensitivity was 82.7%; specificity, 50%; and positive predictive value, 100%. Overall results were excellent in 25 cases, good in 12, f...
Fault Tree Analysis of Shearer Pilot Circuit for MG750/1915-GWD

Fault tree model of shearer pilot circuit is established for MG750/1915-GWD.Probability、unavailability and unreliability of every fault event are quantitatively researched by Relex Studio,which is used as analysis platform for system reliability.At the same time,analysis results are discussed in this paper and used to improve performance of electrical modules,which are high failure rate.As a result,the overall system reliability is improved.
Determination of kelthane and phrethroid pesticide residues in teas by QuEChERS-GC

Objective: To establish a QuEChERS method for determination of kelthane and phrethroid pesticide residues in teas.Methods: Kelthane and phrethroid pesticide residues in teas were eztracted with acetonitrile and analysised by GC-ECD.Results: The recovery rate was 73%～101.2% and the RSD of 1.3%～7.8%.The LOD of benzoyl peroxiode was 0.6 μg/kg～3.2 μg/kg.Conclution: The QuEChERS method has been applied to determine kelthane and phrethroid pesticide residues in teas.
Phenoxybenzamine and Sweating in the Spinal Cord Injury Patient

There were 10 patients with cervical spinal cord lesions and hyperhidrosis treated with the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent, phenoxybenzamine. Five of the 7 patients completing the study experienced marked diminution or elimination of the profuse sweating pattern.
The impact of genomics on E-health

The Human Genome Project (HGP) and e-Health are two fundamental changes that will alter the way we approach human health and life. These two scientific and societal forces will inevitably impact each other. This paper not only explores the ways that the HGP will change health care but also investigates the ways that e-Health systems will be influenced by the genomic data. The Electronic Medical Record (EMR) is discussed at length, including the probable impact on the laboratory, pharmacy, computerized provider order entry (CPOE), and other components. Thirteen points of a possible genomic future involving the EMR are presented. The genomic impact on other e-Health systems includes those at all levels of data: population, disease, patient, tissue and organ banks, cellular and for specific genes. The genomic impact on consumer health systems is explored, including Internet consumer information resources and the movement for direct-to-consumer genetic testing. The paper concludes that technology and trends of e-Health will enable the upcoming revolution caused by the health implications of the research emanating from the Human Genome Project.
Quantitation of Plasma Membrane (G Protein-Coupled) Receptor Trafficking in Cultured Cells

Measuring the functional behavior of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) has been a major focus of academic and pharmaceutical research for many decades. These efforts have led to the development of many assays to measure the downstream effects of ligand binding on receptor activity. In this chapter, we describe an internalization/recycling assay that can be used to track changes in receptor number at the plasma membrane. Used in concert with other assays, this antibody-based technique can provide important information on GPCR activation by receptor-specific ligands.
A consideration of age-dependent differences in susceptibility to organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides.

Evidence that neonates are more sensitive than adults to organophosphorus (OP) and pyrethroid insecticides is largely based on studies that compare toxicity at acute lethal doses. Under such circumstances, the greater susceptibility of the neonate appears to be due to limited metabolic capacity rather than an inherent difference in the sensitivity of target sites. For purposes of risk assessment with food-use pesticides, the more relevant issue is whether the neonate is more sensitive than the adult to lower levels of exposure, approximating levels used to establish acceptable residue limits (tolerances) on various food products. If infants and children are not more sensitive to environmentally-relevant levels of exposure, then the existing tolerances for dietary exposure will provide adequate protection. If, on the other hand, they may be more sensitive, then additional studies with young animals or an additional uncertainty factor may be needed for added protection. This paper examines two sets of studies that address this issue. The first involves multi-generation reproduction studies with rats that were treated with OP insecticides (coumaphos, fenamiphos, tribufos, trichlorfon, or oxydemeton-methyl) through the diet and examined for effects, including cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition. The second involves rats that were treated by gavage with an acute dose of a pyrethroid (cismethrin, permethrin, deltamethrin or cypermethrin) to establish relative sensitivity to either a lethal dose or to a low, behaviorally-active dose. The results with the OP insecticides support ChE inhibition as the most sensitive measure of exposure and the critical effect (i.e., the lowest NOEL) for each study was based on ChE inhibition in the adult. The magnitude of ChE inhibition in pups (measured on postnatal day (PND) 4 and 21) was consistently less than for adults at a given dietary level. For the representative Type I pyrethroids, there was no evidence that pups are more sensitive than adults at any dose level. For both Type II pyrethroids, young rats were considerably more sensitive than adults to a lethal dose but not to lower doses. Levels of deltamethrin in whole-brain tissue support kinetics as the basis for the greater sensitivity of young rats to a lethal dose, with the immature systems involved with detoxification being overwhelmed at such high dose levels. These findings indicate that young animals are not more sensitive than adults to lower doses of OP or pyrethroid insecticides. This outcome supports the conclusion that infants and children are protected by existing tolerances, without the need for an additional uncertainty factor.
A new component for insulation systems

While the electrical insulation industry has been fortunate in the number and quality of new material developments over the past several decades, (epoxies, silicones and polyimides to name a few) most material and product improvements have been a series of minor changes. One of the more recent steps in this evolution has been the development and commercial adoption of “GEMAT,”* a composite of a bonded and relatively thin glass mat with reinforcement of glass yarns, cloth or organic film. The glass mat alone is of limited value, but can be readily incorporated into a wide variety of composite structures used in the electrical industry.
The dual microcatheter technique for transvenous embolization of dural arteriovenous fistulae

Background Dural arteriovenous fistulae (dAVFs) comprise 10–15% of all intracranial arteriovenous malformations. The goal of surgical or endovascular intervention is complete obliteration of the fistulous connection(s). In cases where dAVF venous drainage is separate from normal cortical drainage, transvenous embolization can provide fast and effective fistula obliteration. Objective To describe a new method of efficient transvenous embolization (the ‘dual microcatheter technique’) for the treatment of dAVFs. Methods Three patients with dAVFs were treated using the dual microcatheter technique for transvenous embolization. Two microcatheters were placed in the distal aspect of the dAVF venous pouch, after which coil embolization reduced fistula flow, and liquid embolic agent injection with reflux into arterial feeders completed the obliteration of the fistula. Results Lesion grade ranged from Borden–Shucart grades 2 through 3. In all cases, dAVF venous drainage was isolated from the normal cerebral venous drainage. Dual microcatheter transvenous embolization was successful in all patients, with non-target embolization and no new postoperative deficits. At the last follow-up, all three patients were symptom-free without evidence of radiographic recurrence. Conclusions The dual microcatheter technique of transvenous dAVF embolization is safe and feasible in cases where dAVF venous outflow is isolated from normal cerebral venous drainage.
Abstract 094: Gain-of-function EPHX2 Variant rs41507953 Is Associated With Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery

Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects 20-30% of patients following cardiac surgery and predicts increased mortality. Murine models suggest that epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) protect against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury, a contributor to AKI following cardiac surgery. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), encoded by EPHX2, hydrolyzes EETs to less active DHETs. We tested the hypothesis that a gain-of-function EPHX2 variant, rs41507953, is associated with AKI following cardiac surgery. We first studied 371 cardiac surgery patients (67.3% male, mean age 65.6±12.9years and BMI 28.5±6.17kg/m2) enrolled in a clinical trial in which DNA was collected. Ninety-eight patients (26.4%) developed AKI, defined by AKIN criteria. Rs41507953 genotypes were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (AA:AG:GG=297:68:6). There was a significant association between the gain-of-function “G” allele and AKI, p=0.006. Adjusting for known risk factors for AKI including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), age, sex, race, history of diabetes, BMI, and use of cardiopulmonary bypass the rs41507953 “G” allele remained independently associated with higher rates of AKI [OR=2.09 (95%CI 1.132-3.848, p=0.018). We replicated this association between the rs41507953 “G” allele and AKI in another cohort of 800 cardiac surgery patients. To assess the association between the rs41507953 “G” allele and sEH activity we measured 9,10 or 12,13-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid/9,10 or 12,13-epoxyoctadecanoic acid (DiHOME/EpOME) ratios, measures of sEH activity, in plasma collected from 26 AA and 5 AG individuals in the original cohort. sEH activity was highest in plasma collected post-protamine administration. The 12,13 DiHOME/EpOME and the total DiHOME/EpOME ratios post-protamine were significantly greater in the AG vs. the AA genotype group, 11.66±12.91 vs. 2.32±3.03 (p=0.002) and 28.35±47.79 vs. 4.03±7.96 (p=0.014), respectively. An EPHX2 variant with increased sEH activity is associated with AKI following cardiac surgery. Pharmacologic inhibition of the sEH enzyme might protect patients from AKI following cardiac surgery.
Treatment of Epiphrenic Diverticula

The goal of this chapter is to illustrate our approach to patients with epiphrenic diverticula in terms of preoperative evaluation and surgical technique. Two techniques will be presented: a laparoscopic repair and a thoracic approach. Indications for each technique will be discussed, as well as proper patient selection and management.
NFV Resource Allocation Using Mixed Queuing Network Model

Network resource virtualization emerged as the future of communication technology recently, and the advent of Software Define Network (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) enables the realization of network resource virtualization. NFV virtualizes traditional physical middle-boxes that implement specific network functions. Since multiple network functions can be virtualized in a single server or data center, the network operator can save Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operational Expenditure (OPEX) through NFV. Since each customer demands different types of VNFs with various applications, the service requirements are different for all VNFs. Therefore, allocating multiple Virtual Network Functions(VNFs) to limited network resource requires efficient resource allocation. We propose an efficient resource allocation strategy of VNFs in a single server by employing mixed queuing network model while minimizing the customers' waiting time in the system. The problem is formulated as a convex problem. However, this problem is impossible to be solved because of the closed queuing network calculation. So we use an approximation algorithm to solve this problem. Numerical results of this model show performance metrics of mixed queuing network. Also, we could find that the approximate algorithm has a close optimal solution by comparing them with neighbor solutions.
Shakeout or Shakedown

The Telecommunications Act of 1996, hereafter “the Act,” created widespread enthusiasm regarding business opportunities for new entrants into the telecommunications industry, particularly at the local exchange level. At the time of its passage, the Act was widely heralded by politicians to be the policy instrument needed to promote competition and spark technological advancement in this important sector of the economy. For example, Commissioner Susan Ness of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) noted that “opportunities abound” for both industry and consumers as a consequence of the passage of the Act.1 Similarly, Commissioner Rachelle Chong of the FCC proclaimed that the new Act would “catapult this country right into the Information Age.2” Vice President Gore enthusiastically proclaimed that the passage of the Act was tantamount to the fall of the Berlin Wall of the telecommunications industry. And former senate Majority Leader Howard Baker asserted “I now confidently predict that the Telecommunications Act of 1996… will usher in an era of communications innovations that will shortly make our present arrangements seem as antiquated as the Guttenberg press.”3
The significance of macromolecular architecture in governing structure-property relationship for biomaterial applications: an overview

The functional response of polymeric materials including biocompatibility and biodegradability in context of biomedical devices is governed by the macromolecular architecture, notably, random, bloc...
Gap encoding by parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in auditory cortex.

We found that parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons in auditory cortex showed more deeply modulated responses to both gaps in noise and bursts of noise, suggesting that they are optimized for t...
Human Liver Microsomes Atropselectively Metabolize 2,2',3,4',6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 91) to a 1,2-Shift Product as the Major Metabolite.

Polychlorinated biphenlys (PCBs) and their hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PCBs) have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders. Several neurotoxic PCBs, such as PCB 91, are chiral because they form stable rotational isomers, or atropisomers, that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other. Because only limited information about the metabolism of these PCBs by human cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes is available, we investigated the biotransformation of PCB 91 to OH-PCBs by human liver microsomes (HLMs). Racemic PCB 91 was incubated with pooled or individual donor HLMs at 37 °C, and levels and chiral signatures of PCB 91 and its metabolites were determined. Several OH-PCBs were formed in the order 2,2′,4,4′,6-pentachlorobiphenyl-3-ol (3–100; 1,2 shift product) > 2,2′,3,4′,6-pentachlorobiphenyl-5-ol (5–91) ≫ 2,2′,3,4′,6-pentachlorobiphenyl-4-ol (4–91) ≫ 4,5-dihydroxy-2,2′,3,4′,6-pentachlorobiphenyl (4,5–91). Metabolite formation rates displayed interindividual variability. The first eluting atropiso...
Phasor Derivation of the Fundamental Limits on the Spectral Purity of Laser Fields

The quantum mechanical limits to the spectral purity of the laser output are considered using a simple model.
Bee venom allergy.

Bee stings are a common occurrence and for most people they cause only mild local discomfort, but for a few they are life threatening. The author considers the natural history of bee venom allergy, the place of diagnostic tests in assessing bee venom allergy, the emergency management of allergic reactions, and the use of bee venom immunotherapy in children.
Assessment of morbidity of semitendinosus and gracilis tendon harvest for ACL reconstruction.

Abstract This study evaluates the morbidity of harvest of both the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on nine patients at a minimum of 3 year follow-up. Specifically, the effect on knee function, knee extension and flexion strength, the size of the individual posterior thigh muscles, and the extent of retraction of the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons were evaluated. At final follow-up, each patient was evaluated using the following functional scales: International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), Lysholm, and Tegner. Each patient also had a dynamometer evaluation and a comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging study of both the operated and nonoperated knees. The average functional evaluation scores were: HSS-47.9, Lysholm-88, and Tegner-0.27. The average percent quadriceps and hamstring strength of the operated compared with the nonoperated extremities were 93.7% and 95.3%, respectively; neither decrease was significant. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of the cross-sectional areas of the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and sartorius muscles of both thighs at the same level above the joint were not significantly different. The distal-most insertion of the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons after harvest were always more proximal than the nonoperated side; the average difference was 26.7 mm (range: 11 to 32 mm) for the semitendinosus (unable to calculate in three patients) and 47.1 mm (range: 17 to 72 mm) for the gracilis. We conclude that tendon harvest of the semitendinosus and gracilis muscles does not significantly compromise function and strength despite a more proximal insertion of the retracted tendons. In addition, the majority of cases demonstrated some but never complete regrowth or scar formation of these tendon remnants.
A Comparison of Multiple Genome-Wide Recombination Maps in Apis mellifera

Increasingly, studies demonstrate significant intra-specific variation in genome-wide recombination rates, supporting the notion that local rates of meiotic recombination are evolving. The honey bee, Apis mellifera, exhibits the highest rate of recombination across the genome among multicellular animals. Multiple linkage maps have been constructed and agree on the overall high recombination rate but local rates have not been compared in detail. Here, we compared eight genome-wide recombination maps at different scales to assess how they relate to each other. We found that variation from a 50 to 1,000 kbp scale does not systematically affect the moderate correlations among the recombination maps. Individual chromosomes differed from each other in how much recombination rates were conserved but no apparent relation to chromosome size or average recombination existed. Finally, the overall similarities among maps related more to methodological than to mapping population coalescence. Therefore, recombination maps that were constructed using different methods should be compared with caution and results that are derived from such multiple data sets should prove more robust than analyses of single maps, irrespective of intra-specific variation in recombination rates.
A Field Extension as a Vector Space

In this chapter, we take a closer look at a finite field extension F < E from the point of view that E is a vector space over F. It is clear, for instance, that any σ ∈ G F(E) is a linear operator on E over F. However, there are many linear operators that are not field automorphisms. One of the most important is multiplication by a fixed element of E, which we study next.
Humane Education and the Development of Empathy in Early Childhood: Definitions, Rationale, and Outcomes

Internationally, one of the most pressing issues for early childhood educators is challenging behavior in young children, defined as disruptive, aggressive, and violent behavior that inflicts mental or physical harm to others. Addressing this concern requires teachers and families to support the young child’s budding sense of empathy, which is a major goal of humane education programs. Although most people assume that humane education focuses exclusively on the responsible care of animals, contemporary concepts of humane education are far more expansive and extend to compassion for all living things as well as to guardianship of the earth. This chapter defines humane education and describes the development of empathy, supplies a rationale for integrating humane education concepts into the early childhood curriculum, explains how human-animal interaction can serve as a foundation for teaching compassion in the early years, and recommends strategies and resources that enable educators and families to promote positive outcomes for children.
Network analysis of intrasite material networks and ritual practice at Pueblo Bonito

Abstract The Chaco World, centered on the San Juan Basin of New Mexico, in the Southwestern U.S.A., was organized largely around ritual activities, including the use and deposition of a wide range of rare and unusual objects. The great houses of Chaco Canyon were foundational in the development of these ritual activities. Biographical or assemblage-oriented approaches are well suited to studying ritual behavior and have been successfully applied to understanding religious ritual at Chacoan great houses, especially the site of Pueblo Bonito. While formal network analyses (and traditional statistical analyses) are typically used to evaluate relationships between archaeological sites, we argue that network analysis also has great utility in expanding existing biographical approaches to Chacoan ritual. Applying network methods to a network of general artifact classes (like turquoise or pipes) from different room contexts within Pueblo Bonito helps to understand the co-associations of objects grouped together through common use or deposition, likely in the course of ritual activities. These co-associations help expand our knowledge of ritual behavior within Pueblo Bonito, indicating distinctions between architectural spaces based on specialized ritual practices. This analysis also has important implications for Chacoan social organization, supporting existing arguments for a Chacoan house society model.
Gender, Child Maltreatment, and Delinquency

Prior research and theorizing have suggested that the relationship between child maltreatment and delinquent outcomes is gendered. However, research to date that has sought to test this hypothesis ...
Reasoning with Probabilistic and Deterministic Graphical Models: Exact Algorithms, Second Edition

Graphical models (e.g., Bayesian and constraint networks, influence diagrams, and Markov decision processes) have become a central paradigm for knowledge representation and reasoning in both artificial intelligence and computer science in general. These models are used to perform many reasoning tasks, such as scheduling, planning and learning, diagnosis and prediction, design, hardware and software verification, and bioinformatics. These problems can be stated as the formal tasks of constraint satisfaction and satisfiability, combinatorial optimization, and probabilistic inference. It is well known that the tasks are computationally hard, but research during the past three decades has yielded a variety of principles and techniques that significantly advanced the state of the art. This book provides comprehensive coverage of the primary exact algorithms for reasoning with such models. The main feature exploited by the algorithms is the model's graph. We present inference-based, message-passing schemes (e.g., variable-elimination) and search-based, conditioning schemes (e.g., cycle-cutset conditioning and AND/OR search). Each class possesses distinguished characteristics and in particular has different time vs. space behavior. We emphasize the dependence of both schemes on few graph parameters such as the treewidth, cycle-cutset, and (the pseudo-tree) height. The new edition includes the notion of influence diagrams, which focus on sequential decision making under uncertainty. We believe the principles outlined in the book would serve well in moving forward to approximation and anytime-based schemes. The target audience of this book is researchers and students in the artificial intelligence and machine learning area, and beyond.
Computational-efficient cascaded neural network for CT image reconstruction

In computed tomographic (CT) image reconstruction, image prior design and parameter tuning are important to improving the image reconstruction quality from noisy or undersampled projections. In recent years, the development of deep learning in medical image reconstruction made it possible to automatically find both suitable image priors and hyperparameters. By unrolling reconstruction algorithm to finite iterations and parameterizing prior functions and hyperparameters with deep artificial neural networks, all the parameters can be learned end-to-end to reduce the difference between reconstructed images and the training ground truth. Despite of its superior performance, the unrolling scheme suffers from huge memory consumption and computational cost in the training phase, made it hard to apply to 3 dimensional applications in CT, such as cone-beam CT, helical CT, tomosynthesis, etc. In this paper, we proposed a training-time computational-efficient cascaded neural network for CT image reconstruction, which had several sequentially trained cascades of networks for image quality improvement, connected with data fidelity correction steps. Each cascade was trained purely in the image domain, so that image patches could be utilized for training, which would significantly accelerate the training process and reduce memory consumption. The proposed method was fully scalable to 3D data with current hardware. Simulation of sparse-view sampling were done and demonstrated that the proposed method could achieve similar image quality compared to the state-of-the-art unrolled networks.
Rare earth element uptake during olivine/water hydrothermal interaction

Abstract Ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal vent systems link the hydrosphere with the peridotitic mantle via serpentinization. Here, the fractionation and mobility of selected trace (Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Yb, Sr and Ba) and major cations (Si, Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni) during seawater-peridotite interaction was investigated through a series of experiments where natural olivine grains were reacted with an artificial seawater solution at a range of temperatures (15–90 °C) and grain size distributions. No evidence for any significant olivine dissolution or precipitation of carbonate and, Fe-oxy-hydroxide phases was observed in these experiments. Experimental data show a strong decoupling of REE (Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, and Yb) from Sr and Ba under all experimental conditions, with Sr and Ba remaining quantitatively in solution. The REE were removed from the solution and were adsorbed onto olivine surface with kinetic rate constants (i.e. uptake over time) that increase with increasing temperature and increasing surface area (i.e. decreasing particle size). Dysprosium and Yb (heavy REE; HREE) were removed from solution with a faster rate than Nd and Sm (light REE; LREE). Gadolinium is decoupled from this trend, with a slower kinetic rate constant than Sm. The activation energies (Ea) of REE adsorption on olivine were higher for Nd and Sm than Dy and Yb. This suggests that the adsorbance of LREE is generally more dependent on temperature than the HREE. The Ea correlates well with the summed 1st, 2nd and 3rd ionization energies of REE suggesting a link between kinetic rates of element adsorption and electron configuration of the 4f-orbitals. Gadolinium has higher Ea than the other analyzed REE, consistent with the electron configuration of Gd3+ where all 4f-orbitals are filled with one electron each. These experimental data suggest that REE are adsorbed on the surface of olivine via inner sphere complexes under low-temperature hydrothermal conditions, when alteration processes are limited or extremely slow. Scavenging and fractionation of REE may occur within the recharge zone of peridotite-hosted hydrothermal systems at relatively low temperatures (
A boronic acid based intramolecular charge transfer probe for colorimetric detection of hydrogen peroxide

Abstract Many oxidative stress related diseases and adverse health conditions have been associated with the negative effects of hydrogen peroxide and other similar reactive oxygen species in human body. Therefore, increasing attention has been attracted to the detection and monitoring of hydrogen peroxide in living organisms and food items. In this work, a simple, inexpensive colorimetric method for the quantitative determination of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous sample is described. This method utilizes the de-protection of aryl boronic acid to yield a strongly colored water-soluble dye, which is capable of absorbing and emitting in the red region of the spectrum. The mechanism is faster in alkaline condition and utilizes the intramolecular charge transfer between strong phenolate donor and TCF acceptor, thus allowing a naked eye detection of hydrogen peroxide within seconds. The method is unaffected by the presence of various salts, metal ions, and other interfering species, and it can provide a limit of detection as low as ~1 ppm in aqueous samples. This unique way of generating a fluorogenic donor-acceptor pair holds a potential of this dye and other related derivatives for understanding the role of hydrogen peroxide in physiology and pathology.
Assessing the multidisciplinary team approaches to placenta accreta spectrum across five institutions within the University of California fetal Consortium (UCfC).

To describe the multidisciplinary approaches to placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) across five tertiary care centers that comprise the University of California fetal Consortium (UCfC) and to identify ...
Unusual coordination behavior by a hydroxypyridine/pyridone ligand: Synthesis and structure of [(2-bromo-4-hydroxypyridine)2(2-bromo-1(H)-4-pyridone)2copper(II)] perchlorate • 2(2-bromo-4-hydroxypyridine) • 2(2-bromo-1(H)-4-pyridone)

AbstractThe synthesis and structure of [Cu(2-Br-4-HOpy)2(2-Br-4-pyone)2](ClO4)2 • 2(2-Br-4-HOpy) • 2(2-Br-4-pyone) is reported [2-Br-4-HOpy = 2-bromo-4-hydroxypyridine; 2-Br-4-pyone = 2-bromo-(1H)4...
Herbaspirillum Infection in Humans: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Introduction. Herbaspirillum seropedicae are Gram-negative oxidase-positive nonfermenting rods of Betaproteobacteria class, commonly found in rhizosphere. More recently, some Herbaspirillium species have transitioned from environment to human hosts, mostly as opportunistic (pathogenic) bacteria. We present a 58-year-old female with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who presented with pneumonia and was found to have Herbaspirillum seropedicae bacteremia. Case History. A 58-year-old woman with NSCLC on Pralsetinib presented with fevers and rigors for 2 days. Coarse breath sounds were auscultated on the right upper lung field. Labs revealed leukopenia and mild neutropenia. CT chest revealed right upper lobe pneumonia. She was admitted for sepsis secondary to pneumonia and placed on broad spectrum antibiotics with intravenous piperacillin-tazobactam and vancomycin. The patient continued to have fever 2 days after admission (max: 102.8°F). Preliminary blood cultures grew Gram-negative rods. The patient continued to have temperature spikes on the 3rd day of antibiotics (Tmax 101.5°F). Blood cultures revealed oxidase-positive nonfermenting rods. The patient’s antibiotic was changed to IV meropenem on the 4th day of hospitalization. Ultimately, on the seventh day of hospitalization, the blood culture was confirmed from outside lab as Herbaspirillum seropedicae. The patient started feeling better and defervesced after about 24 hours. Discussion. More recently, Herbaspirillum spp. have been recovered from humans. Our patient had Herbaspirillum bacteremia, and reported regularly cleaning her pond and weeding her garden with possible exposure to this environmental proteobacterium. Herbaspirillum may be more prevalent than earlier thought owing to misidentification. With the institution of appropriate antimicrobial therapy, the outcomes seem mostly favorable.
Multilinear Singular Value Decomposition for Millimeter Wave Channel Parameter Estimation

Fifth generation (5G) cellular standards are set to utilize millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies, which enable data speeds greater than 10 Gbps and sub-centimeter localization accuracy. These capabilities rely on accurate estimates of the channel parameters, which we define as the angle of arrival, angle of departure, and path distance for each path between the transmitter and receiver. Estimating the channel parameters in a computationally efficient manner poses a challenge because it requires estimation of parameters from a high-dimensional measurement – particularly for multi-carrier systems since each subcarrier must be estimated separately. Additionally, channel parameter estimation must be able to handle hybrid beamforming, which uses a combination of digital and analog beamforming to reduce the number of required analog to digital converters. This paper introduces a channel parameter estimation technique based on the multilinear singular value decomposition (MSVD), a Tucker form tensor analog of the singular value decomposition, for massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) multi-carrier systems with hybrid beamforming. The MSVD tensor estimation approach is more computationally efficient than methods such as the canonical polyadic decomposition (CPD) and the Tucker form of the MSVD enables paths to be extracted based on signal energy. The algorithms performance is compared to the CPD method and shown to closely match the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) of channel parameter estimates through simulations. Additionally, limitations of channel parameter estimation and communication waveform effects are studied.
Immunity and autoantibodies of a mouse strain with autistic-like behavior.

Abstract Female and male mice of the BTBR T+Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) strain have behaviors that resemble autism spectrum disorder. In comparison to C57BL/6 (B6) mice, BTBR mice have elevated humoral immunity, in that they have naturally high serum IgG levels and generate high levels of IgG antibodies, including autoantibodies to brain antigens. This study focused on the specificities of autoantibodies and the immune cells and their transcription factors that might be responsible for the autoantibodies. BTBR IgG autoantibodies bind to neurons better than microglia and with highest titer to nuclear antigens. Two of the antigens identified were alpha-enolase (ENO1) and dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial (DLST). Surprisingly based on IgG levels, the blood and spleens of BTBR mice have more CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, but fewer B cells than B6 mice. The high levels of autoantibodies in BTBR relates to their splenic T follicular helper (Tfh) cell levels, which likely are responsible for the higher number of plasma cells in BTBR mice than B6 mice. BTBR mice have increased gene expression of interleukin-21 receptor (Il-21r) and Paired Box 5 (Pax5), which are known to aid B cell differentiation to plasma cells, and an increased Lysine Demethylase 6B (Kdm6b)/DNA Methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) ratio, which increases gene expression. Identification of gene expression and immune activities of BTBR mice may aid understanding of mechanisms associated with autism since neuroimmune network interactions have been posited and induction of autoantibodies may drive the neuroinflammation associated with autism.
Duration and intensity as correlates of F0

Abstract The experiment reported in this paper is to determine whether fundamental frequency is correlated with both duration and intensity. Taiwanese was chosen for investigation as it has five contrastive tones, which are high, mid, low, high-falling and low-rising. A PDP-12 computer was used to obtain values of fundamental frequency, duration and intensity. The results show that (1) the high tone has a higher overall intensity than the mid tone, and the mid tone has a higher overall intensity than the low tone; (2) the high tone and the mid tone have a longer duration than the low tone, however, the difference in duration between the high tone and the mid tone is non-significant; (3) the high-falling tone has a higher overall intensity than the low-rising tone, although the low-rising tone has a longer duration. The results are discussed in terms of theories of pitch production and speed of pitch change.
5 – Supporting and Motivating Supervisors and Staff

Publisher Summary Supervisors, or first-level managers, are critical in helping an organization achieve its goals. From routine service to new policy implementation, supervisors are often the main catalysts for action or the main barriers to goal achievement. Supervisors are responsible for the reasonable safety and security of their employees. Fitting people and their jobs together is the first step in successfully bringing newly trained workers into the job stream. Cash-handling back-office personnel are assessed by the accuracy and speed of their work. The ability to handle exceptions smoothly is a measure of performance. Security technicians are judged by their ability to complete a task fully, without the need for subsequent service calls. Motivational research shows that emphasizing the positive produces better results in terms of forming behavior than negative enforcement does. Both motivators and hygiene factors affect employees, but motivators strongly influence job satisfaction.
Optical properties of aluminum oxide-copper dielectric-metal nanocomposite thin films deposited by Sputtering Atomic Layer Augmented Deposition (SALAD)

Depositing thin films is often limited to a specific deposition process by which precursors are transported and reacted in a deposition environment. In other words, a deposition environment in which two deposition processes are unified should offer a new perception of devising a thin film structure, which galvanizes our combining atomic layer deposition (ALD) and magnetron sputtering (SPU) in a single chamber – sputtering atomic layer augmented deposition (SALAD). The SALAD system offers advantages of both ALD capable of delivering precursor precisely and accurately and SPU versatile in choosing chemical elements. In this paper, the SALAD system is employed to deposit nanocomposites consisting of multiple pairs of an aluminum oxide thin film deposited by ALD and a copper thin film deposited by SPU. Optical properties collected from the nanocomposites show distinctive dispersion features to which the effective medium approximation does not seem to simply apply.
Entanglement-enabled interferometry using telescopic arrays

A protocol of measuring interferometric visibility function using imperfectly entangled states shared between remote telescopes is proposed. We demonstrate how quantum entanglement can be utilized ...
Holographic complexity and noncommutative gauge theory

We study the holographic complexity of noncommutative field theories. The four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$ noncommutative super Yang-Mills theory with Moyal algebra along two of the spatial directions has a well known holographic dual as a type IIB supergravity theory with a stack of D3 branes and non-trivial NS-NS B fields. We start from this example and find that the late time holographic complexity growth rate, based on the “complexity equals action” conjecture, experiences an enhancement when the non-commutativity is turned on. This enhancement saturates a new limit which is exactly 1/4 larger than the commutative value. We then attempt to give a quantum mechanics explanation of the enhancement. Finite time behavior of the complexity growth rate is also studied. Inspired by the non-trivial result, we move on to more general setup in string theory where we have a stack of Dp branes and also turn on the B field. Multiple noncommutative directions are considered in higher p cases.
Term Neonate with Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Congenital Hypothyroidism

Congenital hypothyroidism presents with characteristic symptoms within the first few months of life: constipation, jaundice, poor feeding, hoarse cry, macroglossia, and hypotonia. However, these symptoms are rare immediately upon delivery, as most neonates are asymptomatic at birth. Therefore, the newborn screens are essential in detecting congenital hypothyroidism, but there are rare cases in which congenital hypothyroidism can be missed or present before the first newborn screen. This paper presents a case of respiratory distress syndrome in a term neonate as the presenting symptom of congenital hypothyroidism. Overall, clinicians should be aware that neonatal respiratory distress can indeed be caused by congenital hypothyroidism, though more common etiologies should be ruled out following stabilization of the patient. Congenital hypothyroidism is an endocrinopathy that may present prior to the onset of symptoms at 3 months or may even present as respiratory distress syndrome prior to the results of the newborn screens. A discussion of this rare case may help physicians in the recognition and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome due to hypothyroidism.
Exploring Assessment Method of Chinese Rice Backbone Parents

Parent is the basis of crop breeding, while backbone parent refers to the breeding material that derives many varieties(lines) and owns large planting area within the same generation of breeding parents in the same period. Determining backbone parents will not only enable us to learn breeding history and parental contribution, but also play an important role in guiding practical breeding. We try to establish an objective methodology of assessing backbone parents. This paper analyzed main problems in determining backbone parents in the past, and suggested that certain norm should be followed to assess backbone parents, that is to say, carrying out quantitative comparison of improved varieties(lines) in the same period and the same derivative generations. A total of 2398 rice varieties(lines) in Chinese rice database were classified based on subspecies and grouped according to breeding time. The quantities of varieties(lines) and planting areas for three generations continuously were used as parameters to analyze the application of improved varieties in the further breeding research. On this basis, 49 backbone parents, including 26 parents of indica rice and 23 parents of japonica rice, for rice breeding in the second half of the 20th century were selected by adopting quantitative assessment method. Taking rice as an example, the paper brought forward assessment principle and method of backbone parent, and also provided some suggestions about choosing breeding parents and improving breeding efficiency in the future.
Atomic Environments in N-Containing Graphitic Carbon Probed by First-Principles Calculations and Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

To understand the nature and structure of N-doping centers in carbon materials, we combine two-dimensional (2D) solid-state NMR experiments and chemical shift calculations for 15N, 13C, and 1H nucl...