cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Novel Stress-responsive Genes EMG1 and NOP14 Encode Conserved, Interacting Proteins Required for 40S Ribosome Biogenesis

Under stressful conditions organisms adjust the synthesis, processing, and trafficking of molecules to allow survival from and recovery after stress. In baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the cellular production of ribosomes is tightly matched with environmental conditions and nutrient availability through coordinate transcriptional regulation of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis. On the basis of stress-responsive gene expression and functional studies, we have identified a novel, evolutionarily conserved gene, EMG1, that has similar stress-responsive gene expression patterns as ribosomal protein genes and is required for the biogenesis of the 40S ribosomal subunit. The Emg1 protein is distributed throughout the cell; however, its nuclear localization depends on physical interaction with a newly characterized nucleolar protein, Nop14. Yeast depleted of Nop14 or harboring a temperature-sensitive allele of emg1 have selectively reduced levels of the 20S pre-rRNA and mature18S rRNA and diminished cellular levels of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Neither Emg1 nor Nop14 contain any characterized functional motifs; however, isolation and functional analyses of mammalian orthologues of Emg1 and Nop14 suggest that these proteins are functionally conserved among eukaryotes. We conclude that Emg1 and Nop14 are novel proteins whose interaction is required for the maturation of the 18S rRNA and for 40S ribosome production.
PALLIATIVE CARE PHARMACOTHERAPY LITERATURE SUMMARIES AND ANALYSES

Timely and important studies are reviewed and commentaries provided by leading palliative care clinicians. Symptoms, interventions, and treatment-related adverse events addressed in this issue are computerized symptom management; anticholinergic agents in lung disease; neuropathic pain and morphine effectiveness; morphine dosing; inflammatory cytokines and pain; oral ghrelin-mimetics and sarcopenia; and opioid-induced bowel dysfunction.
In Vitro Reactivity of Chicken Hemagglutinins in the Presence of Corticosterone

Abstract Exogenous corticosterone at the levels of 0, 2, 4, or 8 μg./100 ml. in excess of physiological levels did not affect the in vitro reactivity of chicken anti-SRBC hemagglutinins. These results suggest that immunosuppression which results via stimulation of the adrenal cortex is not attributable to a direct effect of corticosterone on antibody reactivity.
Expression of thrombospondin-1 in human pancreatic adenocarcinomas: role in matrix metalloproteinase-9 production.

Human pancreatic adenocarcinoma, an aggressive malignant disease, shows a strong desmoplastic reaction characterized by a remarkable proliferation of interstitial connective tissues. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a 450 kDa platelet and matrix glycoprotein, has been implicated in tumor invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. TSP-1 and MMP-9 expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and control pancreas tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry. TSP-1 expression in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells was measured by a competitive TSP-1 enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effect of TSP-1 on MMP-9 production in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines was measured by zymography and Western blot analysis. Eighty five per cent (23/27) of cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma showed increased TSP-1 staining in the desmoplastic stroma adjacent to tumor cells. No specific positive staining for TSP-1 was observed in the normal pancreatic tissues and the inflammatory areas. TSP-1 localized in tumor stroma surrounding the tumor cells expressing MMP-9. Using TSP-1 competitive ELISA, the secretion of TSP-1 by different pancreatic cancer cell lines into culture medium varied from 11.45 ±14.08 to 275.82 ±45.56 ng/106 cells/24 hours. The amounts of TSP-1 detected in both culture media and cell extracts from fibroblasts or endothelial cells were at least 2–3 fold higher than those from pancreatic cancer cells. TSP-1 augmented the production of matrix metalloproteinase-9, a matrix degrading enzyme, in pancreatic cancer cellsin vitro. Stromally-derived TSP-1 up-regulates the production of MMP-9 by pancreatic adenocarcinoma. These data are consistent with the conclusion that TSP-1-rich stroma is involved in regulating matrix remodeling in tumor invasion.
Maximum transmission distance of geographic transmissions on Rayleigh channels

We consider the use of multiuser diversity to maximize transmission distance in a wireless network. This differs from previous work on multiuser diversity, which focused mainly on increasing the data rate. We analyze the maximum achievable transmission distance in a geocasting scenario, in which any radio in a specified geographical area is an acceptable destination for a packet. Performance results are presented for Rayleigh fading and nonfading channels. To illustrate the benefits of multiuser diversity, we show that higher transmission distances can be achieved over fading channels than over nonfading channels if the density of radios is sufficiently high. We also illustrate one application of our results to protocol design
The Role of Psychological Testing in Forensic Assessment

Despite the apparent widespread use of psychological tests in evaluations performed by psychologists to assist legal decision makers, there has been little critical but balanced examination of the appropriate parameters for the forensic use of such tests. The following discussion examines the nature of legal decision making, and concludes that the primary legal criterion for the adminissibility of psychological testing isrelevance to the immediate legal issue or to some underlying psychological construct. Assuming thataccuracy is a more consistent concern for psychologists performing such evaluations, the criticisms of various commentators are discussed. Some criticisms appear appropriate and are incorporated into a set of proposed guidelines for the use of psychological tests in forensic contexts. Other criticisms appear misplaced, however, and the call for a whole sale ban on psychological testing in the forensic context is rejected.
Perturbation effects on mode propagation in highly elliptical core two-mode fibers

The propagation of both fundamental and second-order modes in highly elliptical core two-mode fibers under external perturbations is investigated. Theoretical and experimental results are presented for the differential phase shift between two spatial modes in each eigenpolarization and the polarization behavior of each spatial mode. The perturbations include axial strain, radial strain, hydrostatic strain, temperature change, twisting, squeezing, and bending. An application of the modal behavior of these fibers to simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature is described. >
An Acoustic Technique for Evaluation of Thermal Insulation

A laboratory apparatus has been constructed that enables rapid measurement of the sound insertion loss of a sample of insulation as a function of frequency. An extensive series of measurements of the sound insertion losses associated with blown samples of fiberglass, rockwool, and cellulose has been completed; the results of these acoustic measurements are highly correlated with coverage (mass per unit area) and thermal resistance (R-value). An investigation is planned to extend the acoustic techniques used in the laboratory apparatus to in situ determination of the sound transmission loss through thermal insulation installed in attics. Two possible approaches to such field measurements are described.
Advanced interconnect materials for ink-jet printing by low temperature sintering

In this study, we reported the development of a novel highly electrically conductive adhesive (ECA) that can be used in ink-jet printing and have the function of adhesive by a single step of low temperature sintering/curing. With the introduction of silver nanoparticles into the formulation, the electrical resistivity of the resulting ECAs is about 10−5 ohm⋅cm after sintering at 180 °C or using a typical lead-free reflow profile (sintering/curing time: several minutes), which is compatible with industrial processis and favorable for the industrial applications. As is known, the strong adhesion of epoxy may enable the resulting ECA to be printed on various kinds of substrates, especially on flexible organic substrates, which is very promising for microelectronic applications. Moreover, the effects of time, temperature and the acid on the electrical resistivity of the ECA have been investigated, providing an in-depth understanding of the enhanced electrical properties. Finally, the contact resistance of the ECA on Cu surface can be stabilized for more than 1500 hrs. Thus the newly developed ECA can be ink-jettable, be compatible with industrial processes, has very low electrical resistivity by low temperature sintering/curing and could provide a strong adhesion to various substrates. The superior material properties of the formulated ECA combined with ink-jet printing technology will be very promising for a wide range of industrial applications in electronic industry.
Time of First Arrival in Electrochemical Collision Experiments as a Measure of Ultralow Concentrations of Analytes in Solution

In electrochemical collision experiments, the frequency of collisions of nanoparticles (NPs) with an ultramicroelectrode (UME) is a measure of the solution concentration of NPs. The time of first arrival is evaluated as a measure of ultralow (sub-femtomolar) concentration of analytes in solution. This is the time from the beginning of the experiment until the moment of observation of the first electrochemically detectable collision event. Theoretical equations are developed relating the time of the first arrival and the concentration of analyte species in solution for the cases when the species is transferred by diffusion alone and with electrophoretic migration. These equations are supported by experimental data. According to analysis of the results, the time of first arrival can be used successfully to estimate the order of magnitude of the analyte concentration with the precision of analysis being affected by the inherent stochasticity of the analyte movement and its initial position near the electrode...
A scaled random walk solver for fast power grid analysis

The analysis of on-chip power grids requires the solution of large systems of linear algebraic equations with specific properties. Lately, a class of random walk based solvers have been developed that are capable of handling these systems: these are especially useful when only a small part of the original system must be solved. These methods build a probabilistic network that corresponds to the power grid. However, this construction does not fully exploit the properties of the problem and can result in large variances for the random walks, and consequently, large run times. This paper presents an efficient methodology, inspired by the idea of importance sampling, to improve the runtime of random walk based solvers. Experimental results show significant speedups, as compared to naive random walks used by the state-of-the-art random walk solvers.
Paradoxes of Public Sector Customer Service

The use of customer service ideas in government continues to be widespread, although the concept and its implications for public sector service production and delivery remain poorly developed. This paper presents a series of paradoxes related to customer service and its use in government. The central and most troubling paradox is that customer service techniques and tools applied to government may lead to increased political inequality even as some aspects of service are improved. The argument is structured by examination of the following: the predominant structural features of service management in theprivate sector, the assumption that customer satisfaction is a central objective of service firms, the understanding of customer service that informs current federal reform efforts, and the operational and political challenges of customer service as a public management objective.
Resilient, Overcontrolled, and Undercontrolled Personality Types: Issues and Controversies

Personality types refer to common or typical configurations of the dispositional attributes that define the individual. Research over the last 20 years has identified a set of three replicable personality types: resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled personalities. Resilient individuals are characterized by self-confidence, emotional stability, and a positive orientation toward others. Overcontrolled individuals are emotionally brittle, introverted, and tense, whereas undercontrolled individuals are disagreeable and lack self-control. In this article, we provide a brief history of current research on the three personality types and identify key areas of controversy. We also outline several directions for future research and discuss the importance of maintaining both attribute- and person-centered perspectives in contemporary personality psychology.
Radial Glia Cells in the Developing Human Brain

Human radial glia (RG) share many of the features described in rodents, but also have a number of characteristics unique to the human brain. Results obtained from different mammalian species including human and non-human primates reveal differences in the involvement of RG in neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis and in the timing of the initial expression of typical RG immunomarkers. A common problem in studying the human brain is that experimental procedures using modern molecular and genetic methods, such as in vivo transduction with retroviruses or creation of knockout or transgenic mutants, are not possible. Nevertheless, abundant and valuable information about the development of the human brain has been revealed using postmortem human material. Additionally, a combination and spectrum of in vitro techniques are used to gain knowledge about normal developmental processes in the human brain, including better understanding of RG as progenitor cells. Molecular and functional characterization of multipotent progenitors, such as RG, is important for future cell replacement therapies in neurological and psychiatric disorders, which are often resistant to conventional treatments. The protracted time of development and larger size of the human brain could provide insight into processes that may go unnoticed in the much smaller rodent cortex, which develops over a much shorter period. With that in mind, we summarize results on the role of RG in the human fetal brain.
West Nile Virus Population Structure, Injury, and Interferon-Stimulated Gene Expression in the Brain From a Fatal Case of Encephalitis.

Background. West Nile virus (WNV) infection in humans can result in severe, acute encephalitis typically involving subcortical gray matter brain regions. West Nile virus replication within specific human brain regions from a human case of acute encephalitis has not been studied. Methods. We describe a fatal case of WNV encephalitis in which we obtained tissue from specific brain regions at autopsy to evaluate viral-host interactions using next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemistry analysis. Results. We found that WNV populations in the injured subcortical brain regions exhibited increased amino acid variation and increased expression of specific interferon genes compared with cortical tissues despite similar viral burden. Conclusions. These observational, patient-based data suggest that neuronal injury and the strength of viral selection pressure may be associated with the level of the innate immune responses. Further studies in human and animal models evaluating the role of innate immune responses on injury patterns and viral selection pressure are needed.
Inhibitors Directed Towards the Binuclear Metal Center of Phosphotriesterase

AbstractThe potential roles in binding and catalysis for the binuclear metal center found within bacterial phosphotriesterase were evaluated by characterization of the inhibitory properties of 26 substrate and product mimetics. Phosphonates bearing monofluoro, difluoro, or hydroxyl substituents at the methylene position were found to be noncompetitive inhibitors with Ki, values ranging from 0.6–9 mM versus the substrate paraoxon. Phosphoramidates did not significantly inhibit the enzyme. Diethyl phosphate and diethyl dithiophosphate inhibited the Cd-substituted enzyme with Ki values of 10 and 130 μM, respectively. The most effective inhibitor for either the cadmium or zinc substituted enzyme was found to be diethyl thiomethylphosphonate. The competitive inhibition constants for this compound were found to be 60 nM and 2.8 μM for the cadmium-and zinc-substituted enzyme, respectively. The tight binding is attributed to chelation of both metal ions simultaneously.
Phenytoin pharmacokinetics in burned rats and plasma protein binding of phenytoin in burned patients

Unexpectedly low serum phenytoin levels occurred in burned epileptic patients, suggesting the possibility of altered phenytoin disposition. Subsequently, phenytoin log-linear elimination kinetics after a 10 mg/kg i.v. single dose was examined in a burned rat model. Clearance increased from 1.08 +/- 0.28 liters/hr/kg in control rats to 1.50 +/- 0.38 liters/hr/kg in burned rats (P less than .05). The volume of distribution increased from 0.82 +/- 0.058 liters/kg in control rats to 1.01 +/- 0.11 liters/kg in burned rats (P less than .0005). The first order elimination rate constant (KE) did not change significantly (1.31 +/- 0.37) hr-1 in control rats vs. 1.52 +/- 0.48 hr-1 in burned rats; P greater than .05). The increase in clearance and in volume of distribution could be explained on the basis of a decrease in plasma protein binding. The free fraction in plasma increased from 27.1% +/- 1.2 in controls to 33.4% +/- 1.6 in burned rats (P less than .0005). The change in binding was consistent with a decrease in serum albumin from 2.64 +/- 0.33 g/dl in controls to 1.98 +/- 0.16 g/dl in burned rats (P less than .0005). Plasma samples of four burned human subjects revealed low serum albumin and markedly decreased plasma protein binding of phenytoin (2- to 3-fold increase in free fraction in plasma).
Using Concept Maps in Qualitative Research

Despite the huge increase in the number of qualitative research studies conducted, using concept maps as a methodological research strategy has received little attention in recent literature. This paper will discuss the connections between qualitative research and concept maps. Additionally, four strategies for incorporating concept maps in qualitative research will be presented along with sample maps for each strategy. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of using concept maps in qualitative research will be discussed.
Anterior interosseous syndrome: a case report.

An 18-year-old Coast Guardsman was referred for electrophysiologic evaluation to the US Public Health Service Hospital, San Francisco, because of his inability to flex actively the distal segment of the right thumb and index finger. This loss of movement had been present for three weeks. Medical examination revealed an otherwise healthy man. During the evaluation in physical therapy, the muscle strength testing revealed a Zero grade for the flexor digitorum profundus muscle of the distal interphalangeal joint of the index finger and for the flexor pollicus longus muscle. All other muscles in the right upper extremity were of normal strength. No sensory changes were noted in the right hand. The results of the evaluation suggested possible involvement of the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve.1 An electrophysiologic plan was developed to test this possibility.
GE-12RADIOGRAPHICALLY-LOCALIZED BIOPSIES REVEAL SUBTYPE-SPECIFIC PATTERNS IN MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR COMPOSITION AT THE INFILTRATIVE MARGINS OF GLIOBLASTOMA.

Glioblastomas (GBMs) diffusely infiltrate the brain, making complete removal by surgical resection impossible. The mixture of neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells that remain after surgery form the biological context for adjuvant therapeutic intervention and recurrence. We performed RNA-Seq and histological analysis on radiographically guided biopsies taken from different regions of GBM and showed that the tissue contained within the contrast-enhancing (CE) core of tumors have different cellular and molecular compositions compared to tissue from the non-enhancing (NE) margins of tumors. Comparisons with the TCGA dataset showed that the samples from CE regions resembled the Proneural, Classical, or Mesenchymal subtypes of GBM, while the samples from the NE regions predominantly resembled the Neural subtype. Computational deconvolution of the RNA-seq data revealed that contributions from non-neoplastic brain cells significantly influence the expression pattern in the NE samples. Gene ontology showed that the cell type-specific expression patterns were functionally distinct and highly enriched in genes associated with the corresponding cell phenotypes. Comparing the RNA-Seq data from the GBM samples to that of normal brain revealed that the differentially expressed genes are distributed across multiple cell types. Notably, the patterns of cell type-specific alterations varied between the different GBM subtypes; the NE regions of Proneural tumors were enriched in oligodendrocyte progenitor genes while the NE regions of Mesenchymal GBM were enriched in astrocytic and microglial genes. These subtype-specific patterns in the molecular and cellular composition of the infiltrative margins of GBM make it possible to infer key characteristics of the tissue left behind after surgery.
Lowering the Band Gap of Anatase-Structured TiO2 by Coalloying with Nb and N: Electronic Structure and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye

Anatase phase TiO2 and related alloyed TiO2:N and TiO2:Nb congeners have been prepared by sol–gel processing techniques. The coalloyed TiO2:(Nb,N)-1 composition, in which niobium substitutes for titanium on the cation sublattice and nitrogen appears in either chemisorbed or interstitial sites as well as substitutes for oxygen on the anion sublattice, has also been prepared. EPR spectroscopy performed on the coalloyed material at 4 K shows that the bulk material contains minor impurities of Ti3+ and F+ centers. Annealing this compound under oxygen oxidizes the material to give TiO2:(Nb,N)-2, which is EPR silent. All alloyed compositions show surface areas of 41–68 m2/g, different from the 2 m2/g for TiO2. In addition, the monoalloyed compounds show band gaps that are not significantly different than that of the parent TiO2 composition (3.2 eV), whereas the coalloyed compound TiO2:(Nb,N)-1 shows a significantly lower energy absorption edge of 2.0 eV. Each composition was tested for its ability to photodegra...
Investigation of Orion Re-Entry Drogue Chute Aerodynamic Characteristics

The Orion Crew Module (CM) is currently under development by NASA and is scheduled to replace the soon-retiring Space Shuttle. During atmospheric reentry a staged parachute deployment system will provide the final deceleration for a safe water landing. Once deployed, dual drogue chutes reside in the wake of the CM. The separated unsteady nature of the CM wake reduces the drogue chutes’ ability to create drag. For safety of flight, the drogue chutes must be able to produce enough drag to decelerate the CM to the proper flight conditions before the main chutes open. Initial computational predictions by NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) Applied Aeroscience and Computational Fluid Dynamics branch indicated approximately a 40% reduction in drag produced on the drogue chutes while in the wake of the CM when compared to freestream conditions. NASA JSC tasked the Air Force Academy Department of Aeronautics to experimentally evaluate the drag loss on the drogue parachutes due to the wake of the CM using the USAFA Subsonic Wind Tunnel. Additional flow investigation was performed using computational fluid dynamics and water tunnel testing. Although the CM utilizes dual drogue chutes, all testing was conducted on a single rigid drogue chute model in the wake of the CM model. Two different rigid drogue chute models were tested separately in the wind tunnel for both freestream conditions and in the wake of the CM. Using force and moment measurements obtained during testing, the drag loss on the drogue parachute resulting from the wake of the CM was defined. With the CM mounted at an angle of attack (AOA) of 180o, the maximum drag reduction when compared to freestream conditions was 6.13% for the “original” drogue chute model and 6.9% for the “new” drogue chute model. The maximum drag reduction occurred directly behind the CM. With the CM mounted at 160o AOA, the maximum drag reduction on the “original” drogue chute model was 11.3%, and 11.8% for the “new” drogue chute model when compared to freestream conditions. For this configuration, the maximum drag reduction occurred approximately 1 CM heat shield diameter offset to the left of CM centerline. Although the drag coefficient varied between the “new” and “original” models, the percent reduction in drag as a result of the CM wake appeared to be independent of the model configuration. Also, the results showed the importance of conducting freestream tests with no bluff body upstream of the test model for comparison to the “in wake” condition to account for possible blockage effects caused by the CM wake. Additionally, the wind tunnel testing suggests the actual drag reduction on the drogue chutes is much less than the 40% initially predicted by NASA CFD simulations. The results from this effort will be used by JSC engineers to help determine the proper size of the drogue parachutes in order to achieve the required deceleration for safe main parachute deployment.
Production of Anti-Mycoplasma (PPLO) Antibodies in Rabbits.

SummaryThe antibody response is usually not great when rabbits are injected IV with PPLO or injected IM with the PPLO mixed with adjuvant. The response is better if a primary IM injection of the organisms with adjuvant is followed in a few weeks by one or more IV injections of the organisms. The production of agglutinins is greater following the injection of small amounts of organisms with adjuvant into the hind foot pads and often the response is very good within a period of 7 days. Growth-inhibiting properties have appeared in the sera in a period as short as 14 days following FP injection. Due to the difference in response to FP and IM injections of antigen, injections by both routes may be made at the same time and thus obtain both immediate and prolonged antibody production and sera of higher titer than by either route singly. Intracorneal injection offers a route by which it is possible to obtain a good antigenic stimulus without the use of an adjuvant. Otherwise it appears that the use of an adjuva...
The dynamics of life and death of malignant lymphocytes.

Normal lymphocytes constantly receive death and survival signals. The balance between these two opposing pathways ensures lymphocyte homeostasis and prevents autoimmunity. This article focuses on the opposing functions of CD40 and Fas receptor/ligand pairs in B-cell lymphoid malignancies and Hodgkin
Creating a Learning Continuum: A Critical Look at the Intersection of Prior Knowledge, Outdoor Education, and Next Generation Science Standards Disciplinary Core Ideas and Practices

i List of Tables iv Introduction 1 Literature Review 12 Methods 27 Results 42 Discussion 56 Conclusion 68 Suggestions for Improvement and Future Research 69 Reference 71 Appendix A: Outdoor School Affective Survey 73 Appendix B: Page Keeley Formative Assessment Probe 74 Appendix C: Field Notes 78
A rare Tipula rediscovered

Tipula spatha Doane, previously known from only two males, is recorded from Arizona and New Mexico, with first habitat data and a brief description of the female.
Keeping Neuronal Cargoes on the Right Track: New Insights into Regulators of Axonal Transport:

In neurons, a single motor (dynein) transports large organelles as well as synaptic and dense core vesicles toward microtubule minus ends; however, it is unclear why dynein appears more active on organelles, which are generally excluded from mature axons, than on synaptic and dense core vesicles, which are maintained at high levels. Recent studies in Zebrafish and Caenorhabditis elegans have shown that JIP3 promotes dynein-mediated retrograde transport to clear some organelles (lysosomes, early endosomes, and Golgi) from axons and prevent their potentially harmful accumulation in presynaptic regions. A JIP3 mutant suppressor screen in C. elegans revealed that JIP3 promotes the clearance of organelles from axons by blocking the action of the CSS system (Cdk5, SAD Kinase, SYD-2/Liprin). A synthesis of results in vertebrates with the new findings suggests that JIP3 blocks the CSS system from disrupting the connection between dynein and organelles. Most components of the CSS system are enriched at presynaptic active zones where they normally contribute to maintaining optimal levels of captured synaptic and dense core vesicles, in part by inhibiting dynein transport. The JIP3-CSS system model explains how neurons selectively regulate a single minus-end motor to exclude specific classes of organelles from axons, while at the same time ensuring optimal levels of synaptic and dense core vesicles.
Effect of montelukast on serum total immunoglobulin E of childhood bronchial asthma remission

Objective To observe the effect of montelukast(a kind of leukotriene receptor antagonist,goods name: singulair,Merck offers) on serum total immunoglobulin E(IgE) of childhood bronchial asthma remission.Methods Patients with a total of 60 cases,who are monitored lgE level before taking montelukast and taking on March,June,September,to observe the changes of serum total lgE.Results Montelukast can make the level of serum total IgE decline,the decline significantly in June and September,there is a significant difference.Conclusion Montelukast can effectively reduce serum total IgE of asthma patients,and can reduce asthma,prevent and control the asthma on a certain extent.
Vehicular Traffic and Airborne Particulate Patterns in Urban and Mountain Areas in Northeastern U.S.A.

It is well documented that air quality at a particular site reflects both local contributions and long range trajectories. Consequently we looked into the role of local auto and truck traffic in modulating airborne particle levels in high elevation regions of forest decline and the more urbanized areas at their periphery. Three regions were selected. The Whiteface Mountain area in the Adirondack mountains of New York State, the Mount Mansfield area of Vermont state and High Point park in New Jersey the only one near a major metropolitan area. The scope of this survey was not to demonstrate the well known fact that increased vehicular traffic increases airborne parti — culates but rather to obtain more precise information as to the pattern of airborne particle intrusion relative to traffic and topographic features.
Equine bone scintigraphic uptake patterns related to age, breed, and occupation.

Uptake of bone imaging radiopharmaceuticals in a horse is affected by its age, breed, occupation and performance level, and by trauma to its skeleton. The reader's awareness and knowledge of how such factors affect the appearance of equine bone phase scintigraphs is important to their optimum interpretation. Equine imagers and clinicians are challenged to increase our understanding of correlations between increased uptake locations and patterns, especially mild uptakes and specific skeletal diseases.
Eyeing the Fountain of Youth.

Stem cell-based disease modeling is an emerging technology for the mechanistic study and therapeutic screening of complex ocular pathologies. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Saini et al. (2017) show that iPSC-derived RPE cells from age-related macular degeneration patients express increased levels of pro-inflammatory factors that can be normalized by the anti-aging drug nicotinamide.
Electrocatalytic properties of adsorbed halides: The reduction of hexaaquairon(III) on polycrystalline gold in aqueous electrolytes

Abstract Enhancements in the rates of reduction of hexaaquairon(III), [Fe(H2O)6]3 +, on polycrystalline Au, Au(poly), induced by the adsorption of bromide, Br−, have been examined by chronoamperometric techniques in 0.1 M HClO4 aqueous solutions containing Br− at concentrations in the μM ( 0.15. Possible explanations for this unexpected behavior are discussed.
Dangerous plants in dermatology: Legal and controlled

The plant and mushroom kingdoms have species used for intoxication, inebriation, or recreation. Some of these species are toxic. Given that many of these plants or substances are illegal and have histories of abuse, much of the research regarding therapeutic application is based on basic science, animal studies, and traditional use. This review examines Cannabis, Euphorbia, Ricinus, Podophyllum, Veratrum, mushrooms, and nightshades, along with resveratrol and cocaine as they relate to dermatology.
Preservice physical education teacher socialization through an outdoor education field experience

ABSTRACTOutdoor education (OE) has an increased presence in physical education as it addresses the discipline’s national standards and promotes involvement lifetime physical activity. However, physical educators’ learning to teach OE is not well documented. The purpose of this study was to understand preservice physical educators’ experiences in and perspectives on an OE field experience. Participants included 13 third-year preservice physical educators (10 male, 3 female). Qualitative data were collected using focus group interviews, observations and guided reflections. Results indicated that preservice teachers (PSTs) perceived a controlling course environment that limited educational outcomes. They did, however, increase in confidence teaching OE, and applied skills learned in the teacher education program. With the exception of learning to be more adaptable, however, the PSTs did not perceive the experience as relevant to future teaching. Results are discussed within the framework of occupational soci...
Worksite Interventions: A Methodological Exploration and Pilot Study Promoting Behavior Change

This paper explores the methodological implications of using multiple methods in conducting preventive interventions, employing the stages of change model as a conceptual framework. We discuss the issues involved in using three empirically supported interventions (expert systems, group support, and self-help manuals) in the context of promoting smoking cessation. Although these methods have been assessed in different contexts, they have not been combined using the worksite as the location of intervention. Worksite interventions have the potential to reach large numbers of people and facilitate changes in social and environmental norms, yet there is a need to further examine how various methods can be combined to facilitate behavior change. Implementation of two pilot studies in the worksite provides initial evidence of the feasibility of a theoretically-based multi-method approach to intervention.
Effectiveness of Peer Counselor Support on Breastfeeding Outcomes in WIC-Enrolled Women

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of different quantities and types of breastfeeding (BF) peer counselor (BFPC) support on BF outcomes in women enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Design Secondary data analysis using BFPC data from an upstate New York county WIC (April 1, 2009 to March 30, 2011) merged with New York State Department of Health WIC surveillance data. Participants A total of 2,149 WIC-enrolled mothers with live singleton births who accepted a BFPC referral and received different quantities and types of BFPC support (telephone, in person, and mailings). Main Outcome Measures Self-reported BF initiation and duration at 30 days. Analysis Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of BF outcomes at 30 days associated with different levels of BFPC support. Results Mothers who accepted BFPC referrals and had at least 1 phone conversation or in-person contact had a significant 35% to 164% increased odds of positive BF outcomes. Mailings did not significantly improve outcomes. Conclusions and Implications The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children may need to identify barriers to BF duration and implement interventions in communities with low BF rates. Future studies may benefit from evaluating the impact of combined in-person support and phone contacts during the prenatal and postpartum periods on BF outcomes.
The long-distance hiking social world along the Pacific Crest Trail

The social world framework provides insight into the various meanings participants assign to their leisure involvement. The purpose of this study was to understand the long-distance social world of...
Cranial neuropathies as the presenting symptom of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) of the head and neck is a common keratinocyte carcinoma, with perineural invasion (PNI) found in approximately 2.5% to 5% of cases.1,2 Head and neck cSCCs can lead to cranial neuropathies, most commonly cranial nerve V (CNV) and cranial nerve VII (CNVII).3 Cranial neuropathies from tumoral PNI may be difficult to diagnose given their slow and sometimes subtle onset. Here we describe 3 cases of cranial neuropathy as the presenting symptom of cSCC. Additionally, the pathophysiology of PNI and its predilection for CNV and CNVII is discussed as well as the importance of appropriate imaging in guiding the diagnosis, workup, and treatment.
Toxoplasma gondii Prevalence in Hunter-Killed Mourning Doves ( Zenaida macroura) and Rock Pigeons ( Columba livia) from East Tennessee, USA

We molecularly examined brains from 186 hunter-killed Mourning Doves (Zenaida macroura) and 11 Rock Pigeons (Columba livia) from eastern Tennessee, USA for Toxoplasma gondii. Two doves (1%) were PCR- and sequence-positive, whereas all pigeons were PCR-negative.
Erythema Ab Igne: A Mottled Rash on the Torso.

Erythema ab igne (EAI) is a typical example of an environmental-induced dermatosis secondary to overexposure of a particular part of the skin to heat. Once a familiar entity in the precentral heating era, it seems to be making a comeback with prolonged usage of electronic devices close to the body surface as well as usage of alternative methods of pain relief being sought by patients. We describe a case of a 39-year-old female who presented to our clinic with a mottled reticulate rash on her back after five years of using heating pads for her chronic backache.
Breaking In-Order Branch Miss Recovery

Despite very accurate branch predictors, branch misses remain an important source of performance limiters, especially for irregular applications. To ensure in-order commit, branch miss recovery is done in-order: all instructions after the oldest branch miss are flushed, even if they eventually reconverge with the correct path. We propose a technique to limit flushing to real wrong-path instructions only, allowing the resolution of newer branch misses while an older one is not yet resolved. Our technique involves minimal additions to a conventional out-of-order processor, by reusing existing checkpoint mechanisms and relying on programmer/compiler inserted hints to detect data and control independence. We evaluate the technique on graph benchmarks, resulting in up to 2× increase in performance.
Modernity and Metapoetry in Muḥammad ʿAfīfī Maṭar’s Hunt Poem: Ṭardiyyah

AbstractThis study consists of an interpretation and full translation of a single poem by the contemporary Arab Egyptian poet Muhammad Afīfī Matar (1935-2010). The poet titles it Tardiyyah (Hunt Poem). With this title, the poem admits its link to the Umayyad-born and Abbāsid-matured genre of the “poem of the courtly hunt,” Tardiyyah. Afīfī Matar’s understanding of his no longer courtly, modernist poem is therefore hermeneutically connected to his understanding of the old genre, informing his modern mythopoetic employ of the archaic motif of “the morning of the hunter.” This essay also discusses: Afīfī Matar’s place among the European and American poets of radical Modernism, especially, regarding the mythopoetic stance of Wallace Stevens; the problem of the notorious difficulty and obscurity ( suūbah and ghumūd ) of Afīfī Matar’s poetic language; and the general search of modern Arab poets, among them Adūnīs, for a new poetic language. Finally, the essay singles out Afīfī Matar’s Tardiyyah and his very personal mythopoesis as a total achievement in the presentation of a Modernist Arabic poem—an achievement analogous to Wallace Stevens’ “central poem,” that is, A Primitive like an Orb.
Applications of Data Assimilation Methods on a Coupled Dual Porosity Stokes Model

Porous media and conduit coupled systems are heavily used in a variety of areas such as groundwater system, petroleum extraction, and biochemical transport. A coupled dual porosity Stokes model has been proposed to simulate the fluid flow in a dual-porosity media and conduits coupled system. Data assimilation is the discipline that studies the combination of mathematical models and observations. It can improve the accuracy of mathematical models by incorporating data, but also brings challenges by increasing complexity and computational cost. In this paper, we study the application of data assimilation methods to the coupled dual porosity Stokes model. We give a brief introduction to the coupled model and examine the performance of different data assimilation methods on a finite element implementation of the coupled dual porosity Stokes system. We also study how observations on different variables of the system affect the data assimilation process.
Anxiety, Depression, and Using Evidence-Based Techniques and Strategies to Support Engagement and Adherence

Psychological symptoms are common in patients with chronic respiratory disease, as the prevalence of anxiety and depression is higher in these patients than in the general population [81]. The heightened experience of dyspnea is thought to be a contributing factor to anxiety in these patients, while feelings of depression may be precipitated by restriction in daily activities and subsequent disability caused by the disease. Anxiety and depression symptoms are often comorbid. Importantly, the presence of anxiety and/or depression alongside pulmonary disease is associated with poorer outcomes for these patients, including decreased HRQoL and functional status, increased mortality, longer hospital stays, and higher exacerbation rates [45]. Many of these unfavorable outcomes are related to lower treatment adherence and engagement seen in anxious and depressed patients with chronic medical conditions [25]. Furthermore, the impact of psychological symptoms is not limited to an individual’s pulmonary disease, as depression and anxiety can negatively affect a person’s interpersonal relationships, inadvertently reducing social support.
Predicting Functional Outcomes and Length of Stay Following Acoustic Neuroma Resection.

OBJECTIVES To examine whether simple mobility assessments can predict functional limitations and length of hospitalization after acoustic neuroma (AN) resection. STUDY DESIGN Prospective case series. METHODS A prospective clinical study of adult patients undergoing AN resection by either the translabyrinthine, retrosigmoid, or middle fossa approach was conducted at a tertiary center. Preoperative mobility assessments included the functional gait assessment (FGA) and the 10-m walk (10 MW). Postoperatively, the Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care (AMPAC, at 48 hours), FGA, and 10 MW (at 1 week) were obtained. Demographic and medical data were collected. RESULTS One hundred and thirty-eight patients were analyzed (mean age: 48.3 years, 68.8% female). Mean length of stay (LOS) was 3.1 days. The translabyrinthine approach was most commonly performed (48.6%). On regression analyses, preoperative FGA (P = 0.03) and 48-hour postoperative AM-PAC (P 4 days) with a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 50% (area under curve: 68.5). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that preoperative mobility assessments can predict functional limitations and LOS after AN resection. These objective tools can be used by clinicians to manage expectations and guide preoperative counseling in patients considering surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 131:644-648, 2021.
A dyadic approach for a remote physical activity intervention in adults with Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers: Rationale and design for an 18-month randomized trial.

Abstract Adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) and their caregivers represent a sizeable and underserved segment of the population with low levels of moderate physical activity (MPA). Options for increasing MPA in community dwelling adults with ADRD and their caregivers are limited. A home-based physical activity intervention delivered remotely via video conferencing to groups of adults with ADRD and their caregivers (RGV), represents a potentially effective approach for increasing MPA in this group. We will conduct an 18-month randomized trial (6 mos. Active intervention, 6 mos. Maintenance, 6 mos. no contact) to compare the effectiveness of the RGV approach with usual care, enhanced with caregiver support (EUC), for increasing MPA in 100 community dwelling adults with ADRD and their caregiver. The primary aim is to compare MPA (min/wk.), assessed by accelerometer, across the 6-mo. active intervention in adults with ADRD randomized to RGV or EUC. Secondarily, we will compare adults with ADRD and their caregivers randomized to RGV or ECU on the following outcomes across 18 mos.: MPA (min/wk.), sedentary time (min/wk.), percentage meeting 150 min/wk. MPA goal, functional fitness, activities of daily living, quality of life, residential transitions, cognitive function, and caregiver burden. Additionally, we will evaluate the influence of age, sex, BMI, attendance (exercise/support sessions), use of recorded sessions, self-monitoring, peer interactions during group sessions, caregiver support, type and quality of dyadic relationship, and number of caregivers on changes in MPA in adults with ADRD and their caregiver across 18 mos.
Determinant Role of Aerosols from Industrial Sources in Hurricane Harvey's Catastrophe

The destructive power of tropical cyclones is driven by latent heat released from water condensation and is inevitably linked to the abundance of aerosols as cloud condensation nuclei. However, the aerosol effects are unaccounted for in most operational hurricane forecast models. We combined multi‐source measurements and cloud‐resolving model simulations to show fundamentally altered cloud microphysical and thermodynamic processes by anthropogenic aerosols during Hurricane Harvey. Our observations reveal intense lightning and precipitation in the proximity of Houston industrial areas, and these hotspots exhibit a striking geographic similarity to a decadal climatological maximum of lightning flash density in the south‐central U.S. Our ensemble cloud‐resolving simulations of Hurricane Harvey indicate that anthropogenic aerosols can increase precipitation and lightning by a factor of 2 in the Houston urban area, unraveling the key factor in regulating flooding during this weather extreme.