cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Fungi, Trees, People, Nematodes, Beetles, and Weather: Ecologies of Vulnerability and Ecologies of Negotiation in Matsutake Commodity Exchange

The author draws attention to the ways in which commodity chains take shape in the intersections between different natural^cultural ecologies. It is suggested that a focus on the diverse ways that people involved in commodity chains relate to these ecologies reveals not only the links but also the disarticulations through which commodity relations take shape. To develop this perspective, the author focuses on the trade in 'matsutake,' a variety of related species of wild mushrooms that are consumed primarily as a gourmet luxury item in Japan. Matsutake have never been successfully cultivated, and during the 1970s and 80s, as a growing market for luxuries in Japan coincided with a decline in domestic production, Japan began importing increasing amounts of them. The author first considers scientific discussions about the contingencies and uncertainties that relationships involving fungi, trees, people, nematodes, beetles, and weather create in different matsutake regions. Discussion then turns to the some of the different ways that matsutake pickers in rural Nagano and matsutake traders in Tokyo make sense of these uncertainties by characterizing matsutake ecologies as, respec- tively, ecologies of vulnerability and ecologies of negotiation. By attending to the conflicting ways that people make sense of human^nonhuman relations in matsutake exchange, the author demonstrates that commodity chains do not occur through smoothly articulated chains, networks, or circuits: rather, they involve processes in which variously situated ecologies collide across relations of geographical and cultural difference.
An Overview of Decision Policies for Production Networks

This chapter provides the reader with an overview of this volume from a number of perspectives. First is an overview of the business problems addressed and the decision policies required stretching from networks of machines in a factory to networks of factories in a company to networks of companies in a supply chain. Next there is a brief overview of each chapter with advice to the reader on useful sequences of study depending on individual goals and tastes. Finally there is an overview of the network of authors who contributed to this book.
Chromatic two photon imaging

We report on a chromatic two-photon imaging technique which can effectively realize z-scanning by using a Fresnel lens to focus excitation pulses at different wavelengths to different depth positions. Preliminary imaging result will be presented.
Electroreception in neonatal bonnethead sharks, Sphyrna tiburo

The ability of sharks to orient to weak electric fields is well documented, but a detailed analysis of orientation pathways is lacking. Digital video analysis was used to quantify the behavioral response of naive neonatal bonnethead sharks, Sphyrna tiburo, to prey-simulating weak electric fields. Sharks less than 24 h post-parturition failed to demonstrate a positive feeding response to the electrodes whereas vigorous biting at the electrodes was observed in all sharks greater than 32 h post-parturition. Orientation behaviors were classified as one of five types: "straight" approach, "single turn," "overshoot," "spiral tracking," and "orient without biting." One-third of all orientations were elicited at stimulus intensities of less than 20 nV cm−1. The median electric stimulus threshold for initiation of orientation was 47 nV cm−1 and the minimum was less than 1 nV cm−1. Most orientations to the dipole were from a distance of less than 10 cm with a maximum orientation distance of 22 cm. The innate feeding response to electric stimuli is demonstrated for the first time in a chondrichthyan fish.
Tuning ultracold chemical reactions via Rydberg-dressed interactions.

We show that ultracold chemical reactions with an activation barrier can be tuned using Rydberg-dressed interactions. Scattering in the ultracold regime is sensitive to long-range interactions, especially when weakly bound (or quasibound) states exist near the collision threshold. We investigate how, by Rydberg dressing a reactant, one enhances its polarizability and modifies the long-range van der Waals collision complex, which can alter chemical reaction rates by shifting the position of near-threshold bound states. We carry out a full quantum mechanical scattering calculation for the benchmark system ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}+\mathrm{D}$, and show that resonances can be moved substantially and that rate coefficients at cold and ultracold temperatures can be increased by several orders of magnitude.
Equalisation based on negentropy minimisation

An equalisation method based on negentropy minimisation is introduced and its characteristics are investigated. Negentropy includes higher order statistical information and its error minimisation provides improved convergence and performance. The bit error ratio of the proposed method has similar characteristics to the adaptive minimum bit error rate (AMBER) equaliser. The main advantage of the proposed equaliser is that it needs drastically fewer training iterations than the AMBER and the MMSE equalisers.
Cytokinin Production by Rhizobium japonicum

Possible hormonal interactions between soybean roots and the Rhizobium initiating nodule proliferation in this genus were studied. A cytokinin has been isolated by column and paper chromatography from an effective strain of Rhizobium japonicum grown in pure culture. The substance promotes cell proliferation in a cytokinin-requiring soybean callus tissue. The bacteria are capable of conditioning a cylokinin-free soybean culture medium so that it is able to support the cytokinin-requiring tissue. It is concluded that the substance is a product of the bacteria rather than an artifact of purification. This unidentified cytokinin or a substance moving to a similar Rf value on the paper chromalogram produces polyploid divisions when tested on cultured pea root segments. Some of the division figures exhibit the diploclirornosomes typical of the root nodule primordium in pea.
Developing a Service Model That Integrates Palliative Care Throughout Cancer Care: The Time Is Now

Palliative care is a fundamental component of cancer care. As part of the 2011 to 2012 Leadership Development Program (LDP) of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), a group of participants was charged with advising ASCO on how to develop a service model integrating palliative care throughout the continuum of cancer care. This article presents the findings of the LDP group. The group focused on the process of palliative care delivery in the oncology setting. We identified key elements for models of palliative care in various settings to be potentially equitable, sustainable, feasible, and acceptable, and here we describe a dynamic model for the integrated, simultaneous implementation of palliative care into oncology practice. We also discuss critical considerations to better integrate palliative care into oncology, including raising consciousness and educating both providers and the public about the importance of palliative care; coordinating palliative care efforts through strengthening affiliations and/or developing new partnerships; prospectively evaluating the impact of palliative care on patient and provider satisfaction, quality improvement, and cost savings; and ensuring sustainability through adequate reimbursement and incentives, including linkage of performance data to quality indicators, and coordination with training efforts and maintenance of certification requirements for providers. In light of these findings, we believe the confluence of increasing importance of incorporation of palliative care education in oncology education, emphasis on value-based care, growing use of technology, and potential cost savings makes developing and incorporating palliative care into current service models a meaningful goal.
Oxidative alteration of uraninite at the Nopal I deposit, Mexico: Possible contaminant transport and source term constraints for the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain

The Nopal I uranium deposit at Pena Blanca, Mexico is being studied as a natural analog of the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain. Identification of secondary uranium phases at Nopal I, and the sequence of their formation after uraninite oxidation, provides insight into the source term for uranium, and suggests that uranophane may control uranium release and transport in a silici, tuffaceous, chemically oxidizing, and hydrologically unsaturated environment. Possible constraints on contaminant transport at Nopal I are derived from the spatial distribution of uranium and from measurements of {sup 238}U decay-series isotopes. The analyses indicate that flow of U-bearing fluids was influenced strongly by fracture density, but that the flow of these fluids was not restricted to fractures. Gamma spectroscopic measurements of {sup 238}U decay-series isotopes indicates secular equilibrium, which suggests undetectable U transport under present conditions.
Evidence for a post-translational modification, aspartyl aldehyde, in a photosynthetic membrane protein.

In oxygenic photosynthesis, photosystem II (PSII) carries out the oxidation of water and reduction of plastoquinone. Three PSII subunits contain reactive groups that covalently bind amines and phenylhydrazine. It has been proposed that these reactive groups are carbonyl-containing, co- or post-translationally modified amino acids (Ouellette et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1998, 95, 2204 and Anderson et al. J. Biol. Chem. 2000, 275, 4920). To identify modified amino acid residues in one of the PSII subunits (CP47), tandem mass spectrometry was performed. Modified residues were affinity-tagged with either biotin-LC-hydrazide or biocytin hydrazide, which are known to label carbonyl groups. The affinity-tagged subunit was isolated by denaturing gel electrophoresis, and tryptic peptides were then subjected to affinity purification and tandem mass spectrometry. This procedure identified a hydrazide-labeled peptide, which has the sequence XKEGR. This result is supported by quantitative results acquired from...
The Ethics of Collective Security

This article is based upon Rousseau's vision of interdependence being a habitual source of conflict among nations. Today's version of collective security, in contrast to Woodrow Wilson's advocation of exclusive use of political and economic sanctions, often demands military action. Collective security offers inherent contradictions: Does multilateral action, for example, usually led by the United States, indicate international accord on countering the ‘aggressor’? The authors' answer is “no” because smaller nations may be joining the crusade for completely different reasons, for example, so as not to offend the larger partner. Does multilateral action always succeed in creating a Pax Universalis ? No, on the contrary it may lead to war. Generally offering arguments from the U.S. perspective and examples from the Gulf War, Hendrickson sees neither collective action as necessarily a good thing nor unilateral action as necessarily a bad thing. However, he does urge reconsideration of the advantages of collective security as an all-powerful preventor of conflict.
Epidemiology of lawnmower-related injuries in children: A 10-year review.

BACKGROUND: Lawnmower-related injuries (LMI) in children are commonly disfiguring and usually preventable. Owing to concerns about the large number and severity of pediatric LMI, we sought to describe the current epidemiology of these injuries in the United States. METHODS: Data were obtained from the 2004 to 2013 National Electronic Surveillance system of the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission for children ≤20 years old. Demographic, injury pattern, and treatment data were analyzed. RESULTS: There were an estimated 93,508 LMI, with an incidence of 9,351 LMI per year. The hand and/or fingers (30.1%), lower extremity (16.8%), and face and/or eye (14.0%) were the body parts most commonly injured. Amputations (relative risk [RR]: 11.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.00 to 12.10; P CONCLUSIONS: The estimated annual incidence of LMI in children has remained unchanged over the past decade, and has remained constant when compared with a previous 15-year review using Consumer Product Safety Commission data for the same age group. Reinforcement of prevention strategies and manufacturer redesign of lawnmowers are long overdue.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Language: en
REINFORCEMENT-MODULATED SELF-ORGANIZATION IN INFANT MOTOR SPEECH LEARNING

Neural network models of early motor speech vocal learning are reviewed, with a focus on those models that utilize reinforcement to modulate what would otherwise be self-organized learning. It is argued that such a mechanism likely plays a role in bringing about the changes observed in prespeech vocalizations produced by human infants. Such models complement well the already popular purely self-organized learning models that focus on effects of exposure to sounds from the ambient language.
Investigation of Intracellular Signals Mediating the Anti-Apoptotic Action of Prolactin in Nb2 Lymphoma Cells:

Studies were undertaken to identify intracellular mediators of prolactin inhibition of glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in Nb2 lymphoma cells. A short-term assay was implemented that quantitates fragmented DNA released from the genome by reaction with diphenylamine. Induction and inhibition of internucleosomal DNA cleavage (indicative of apoptosis) was verified by agarose gel electrophoresis of extracted cellular DNA. Synchronized Nb2 cells (G0/G1) exhibited increased DNA fragmentation after 4-hr incubation with dexamethasone (DEX) (25-100 nM) which was inhibited by ovine prolactin (oPRL) (0.1-1 ng/ml), the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, RU486 (500 nM), and the nuclease inhibitor, aurintricarboxylic acid (100 microM). Signals previously implicated in prolactin induction of mitogenesis in Nb2 cells were investigated for their role in prolactin inhibition of apoptosis including: protein kinase C activation, arachidonic acid metabolism, polyamine production, tyrosine phosphorylation, and extracellular calcium. Protein kinase C agonists, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, and 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol, +/- the calcium ionophore, A23187 (200 nM), did not mimic oPRL inhibition of DEX-induced DNA fragmentation. Protein kinase C inhibitors, gossypol and quercetin, did not block prolactin action. Arachidonic acid did not mimic prolactin protection against DEX-induced DNA fragmentation. Inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, and indomethacin did not block prolactin action. The polyamine, spermine, inhibited DEX-induced DNA fragmentation at 1.5 to 2.5 mM. However, inhibition of polyamine synthesis with alpha-difluoromethyl ornithine or methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) did not inhibit prolactin action. Prolactin action was not blocked by inhibitors of tyrosine kinase activation, genistein and tyrphostin-47. On the other hand, pervanadate, a potent tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, consistently inhibited DEX-induced DNA fragmentation. Prolactin action and DEX-induced apoptosis both occurred in calcium-free PBS. In summary, protein kinase C activation and eicosanoid production do not appear to mediate this prolactin action. Although spermine could block DNA fragmentation, blockade of the polyamine cascade did not inhibit prolactin action, suggesting that polyamines do not mediate this prolactin effect. While inhibitors of tyrosine kinase activation did not block prolactin action, tyrosine phosphatase inhibition in the presence of basal tyrosine kinase activity mimicked prolactin action, suggesting tyrosine phosphorylation participation in the anti-apoptotic effect. Extra-cellular calcium was not required for prolactin or DEX action.
Remote Sensing Methodology for Unmanned Aerial Systems

The use of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) for remote sensing applications has increased significantly over the last decade. As more and more applications are developed and documented, the need for a guide for the development of a UAS remote sensing methodology has become apparent. A well-developed methodology is critical for the success of the project as it defines with clarity the end goal, the implementation, and the data collection strategy and provides metrics for success and project completion. Failure to accurately develop a methodology can lead to significant development delays, spiraling costs, or complete project failure. In this chapter, a guide to developing UAS remote sensing methodology is presented, focusing specifically on common UAS applications and payload equipment. Keywords: data collection strategy; multispectrum; payload; remote sensing methodology; UAS-based remote sensing
Applications of Deep Sequencing to Developmental Systems

High throughput sequencing is a powerful new tool for obtaining information about nucleic acids. RNA-seq permits both new gene discovery and “digital” quantitation of all RNA levels. ChIP-seq assesses the genomic locations of bound proteins, protein modifications and DNA modifications. DNAse-seq identifies genomic regions that are in open chromatin states. Techniques like ChIA-PET can discover sites of short- and long-range DNA looping. These technologies provide critical insights into the mechanisms of gene regulation at the genome-wide level, revealing how cells make decisions both during normal development and in disease states.
PLASMONIC SERS MOLECULAR SENTINELS: A NEW BIOSENSING APPROACH

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the detection of specific target DNA sequences using a novel 'molecular sentinel' (MS) biosensing approach using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection. The SERS-based MS nanoprobe consists of a metal nanoparticle and a stem-loop DNA molecule tagged with a Raman label. The nanoprobe utilizes the specificity and selectivity of the DNA hairpin probe sequence to detect a specific target DNA sequence of interest. In the normal configuration and in the absence of target DNA, the stem-loop configuration maintains the Raman label in close proximity to the metal nanoparticle, inducing an intense SERS effect that produces a strong Raman signal upon laser excitation. Upon hybridization of a complementary target DNA sequence to the nanoprobe, the stem-loop configuration is disrupted, causing the Raman label to physically separate from the metal nanoparticle, thus quenching the SERS signal. Due to the possibility of performing simple homogeneous bioassays, the SERS-MSs provide useful diagnostic probes for multiple biological targets. The potential for combining the spectral selectivity and high sensitivity of the SERS process with inherent molecular specificity of MS nanoprobes to diagnose molecular target sequences is discussed.
Uncovering molecular abnormalities leading to the Warburg effect in primary refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Uncovering molecular abnormalities leading to the Warburg effect in primary refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Experimental search for neutrinoless double-[beta] decay of [sup 100]Mo

No evidence for the neutrinoless double-\ensuremath{\beta} decay of $^{100}\mathrm{Mo}$ has been found in a search using a segmented Si(Li) detector with source foils enriched to 97% $^{100}\mathrm{Mo}$. After 0.2664 mole years of exposure, we report a 1\ensuremath{\sigma} lower limit on the half-life for the ${\mathit{J}}^{\mathit{P}}$=${0}^{+}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${0}^{+}$ transition of 0.44\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{23}$ years.
Social Media/Networking and Psychiatric Education: Competencies, Teaching Methods, and Implications

Patient-centered care features quality and timely care in a variety of settings. Technology facilitates care and its use is common in the Digital Native (Z), Millenial (Y), and X Generations, particularly for adolescents and young adults. Social media/networking options like TwitterR and FacebookR are popular, as are text, e-mail, and mobile health apps. This paper proposes social media competencies and teaching methods based on the fields of healthcare, service delivery, education/androgogy, and evaluation. A brief review of the literature based on PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and PsycINFO was performed using primary terms of social media, networking, technology, competency(ies), and other terminology. The social media/networking competencies are framed in contemporary competency-based frameworks. Teaching methods are aligned with competency outcomes, learning context, and program evaluation options. Case examples demonstrate ways to train residents/fellows/other mental health trainees in curricular settings. Novice/advanced beginner and competent/proficient competencies for social media/networking fit within a larger e-behavioral health curriculum, along with telepsychiatric competencies. Teaching methods for social media/networking competencies require additional planning, use of cases, and other in-time clinical activities for learners and teachers. Institutions must plan for clinical and educational elements, in order to support training, shift attitudes, and promote faculty and staff development. These competencies, their implementation, and impact need more research and institutions need an integrated approach to social media/networking, telepsychiatric, and other technology developments for this new era of care.
Fatty acid oxidation defects as a cause of neuromyopathic disease in infants and adults

Fatty acids are a major fuel for the body and fatty acid oxidation is particularly important during fasting, sustained aerobic exercise & stress. The myocardium and resting skeletal muscle utilise long-chain fatty acids as a major source of energy. Inherited disorders of fatty acid oxidation seriously compromise the function of muscle and other highly energy-dependent tissues such as brain, nerve, heart, kidney & liver. Defects of fatty acid oxidation lead to a range of neuromyopathic disease in both adults and children. Such defects encompass a wide spectrum of clinical disease, presenting in the neonatal period or infancy with recurrent hypoketotic hypoglycaemic encephalopathy, liver dysfunction and hyperammonaemia with neurosensory deficits secondary to the acute onset. In addition, there may be cardiac arrhythmias and/or progressive cardiomyopathy, which may give rise to secondary hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. In older children, adolescence or adults there is often exercise intolerance with episodic myalgia or rhabdomyolysis in association with prolonged aerobic exercise or other exacerbating factors. Some disorders are particularly associated with toxic metabolites that may contribute to encephalopathy, polyneuropathy, axonopathy and pigmentary retinopathy. Diagnosis is through clinical suspicion with appropriate investigations in blood and urine taken during crisis. Definitive diagnosis is usually by fibroblast assay. Treatment is generally through avoidance of fasting, frequent carbohydrate rich feeds and in long-chain defects MCT supplementation. Novel treatments include the use of D,L-3-hydroxybutyrate and the potential use of fibrates to increase mutant protein levels in mild disorders.
The inclusion of prefixal material in Zulu reduplication

The aim of this paper is twofold: to introduce new data that show reduplication in Zulu admits inflectional morphemes to the left of the verb stem rather than within the stem on the right, and to give an analysis of Zulu reduplication that does not require access to underlying morphosyntactic structure. Instead, reduplication is a template-filling copying operation that interacts with linear phonological structures and does not target morphosyntactic objects. The data presented here argue for an analysis in which the crucial distinction is between morphemes within the scope of reduplication and those outside it; the left/right asymmetry in the appearance of inflectional morphemes in the reduplicant is attributable to a process of Local Dislocation (Embick 2007). Reduplication is treated as a copying operation that has indirect access only to morphosyntactic structure through phonological operations. Consequently, reified subconstituents of the verb complex, such as the Macrostem (Hyman, Inkelas, and Sibanda 2009), are not accessible as such to the process of reduplication. However, data from VCV stems show that morphosyntactic structure affects reduplication in certain constructions. Tonal data is used to show that the “prefixal” affiliation of prefixal morphemes is voided if these morphemes are reduplicated.
Evaluating the effect of different teamwork training interventions on the quality of peer evaluations

This research-to-practice paper describes the results of 12 experiments using different combinations of peer evaluation trainings on the quality of peer evaluations of teamwork skills provided by first year engineering (FYE) students in an introduction to engineering course in a large Midwestern University. Our research question was: Which combination of peer evaluation trainings most significantly improves the quality of peer evaluations in this FYE course as measured by using data collected by the CATME (Comprehensive Assessment of Team Member Effectiveness) system’s peer evaluation exercise? The five training interventions combined in the 12 experiments were Frame-of-reference teamwork training, Video-based teamwork training materials, Rater practice, Rater accuracy training and In-class teamwork reflections. The training intervention combinations that included Video based training and Rater accuracy training had the most significant effects on improving rater and target variances or the quality of peer evaluations.
Does Subculture Matter? A Cross-Cultural Study of Chronism and Attitudes toward Download Delay in Internet Systems in China and the United States

The majority of interface delay research and practitioner literature recommends minimizing delay as much as possible. However, a very limited number of studies have identified cultural chronism whi...
Control of the colloidal depletion force in nonionic polymer solutions by complexation with anionic surfactants.

Abstract Hypothesis Charge, size and concentration of depletants control the magnitude and range of depletion and structural forces. Noncovalent association of nonionic polymers with ionic surfactants may therefore synergistically enhance these forces to an extent that depends on the structure and composition of the resulting complexes. Experiments Forces were measured between a silica sphere and a silica plate in solutions of Pluronic F108 nonionic poly(ethylene oxide – block – propylene oxide – block – ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers and anionic sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) surfactants using colloidal probe atomic force microscopy as a function of polymer, surfactant and NaCl background electrolyte concentrations. Trends in the magnitudes of the depletion attraction minimum and the first repulsive maximum in the oscillatory structural force were interpreted with the aid of pyrene solubilization assays, sodium ion-selective electrode analysis, and dynamic light scattering measurements that characterized the formation, charge, and hydrodynamic radius of F108/SDS complexes respectively. Findings Synergistic enhancement of the depletion force and first repulsive maximum occurred within a finite range of SDS concentrations, to an extent that depended on F108 and NaCl concentrations. This was due mainly to charging of F108/SDS complexes. Size effects were important at low NaCl concentration. Forces measured above the synergistic SDS concentration range were indistinguishable from those in polymer-free SDS solutions due to the appearance of excess unbound SDS micelles.
Let It Be: The Evolving Standard of Care for Trisomy 18.

Trisomy 18 is the second most common aneuploidy after trisomy 21. Thirty years ago and beyond, trisomy 18 was considered a lethal anomaly, with a median survival of days and no survival to 1 year o...
Chlorine gas is an effective alternative to sterilize carnation leaves for Fusarium spp. identification.

Sterile carnation leaves are required for proper morphological identification of Fusarium spp. but the gamma irradiation equipment required for leaf sterilization is not available to everyone. This study evaluated three different methods for sterilizing carnation leaves: microwave radiation, ultraviolet, and chlorine gas (CG) sterilization. Both microwave and ultraviolet treatments did not sufficiently sterilize leaf tissue, however, exposure to CG for 2 h resulted in no growth of either fungi or bacteria. Exposure times of carnation leaves to CG were also evaluated for spore production, spore size and morphological characteristics of five Fusarium spp. Only carnation leaves exposed to CG for 45, 60 or 90 min were completely free of microorganism contamination. There were some differences in spore production and size, however, no differences were observed for characteristics essential for proper species identification such as micro- and macrospore features and production of sporodochia, perithecia, chlamydospores, and phialides for any of the CG exposure times. This study identified leaves sterilized by CG as a reliable substitute for gamma irradiation sterilization. The method described here is suitable for most laboratories and will provide a means for Fusarium identification when gamma irradiated leaves are not available.
The Impact of Asymptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus on Adult Quality of Life.

Objective Children born with asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection (AcCMV) have increased risk for hearing loss, which may affect their quality of life into adulthood. We aim to determine quality of life outcomes among adults who were identified at birth with AcCMV compared with controls, using the cohort of the Houston Congenital CMV Longitudinal Study. Methods Quality of life was determined using the self-reported Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI). Sixty-one of 109 AcCMV subjects and 23 of 51 controls completed QOLI. Percentile scores of subjects were compared with percentile scores of controls using Student t tests. QOLI percentile scores were compared among AcCMV subjects with (N = 14) and without hearing loss (N = 47). Results There was no difference in mean percentile scores on QOLI between AcCMV subjects (59.8 [SD = 27.6]) and controls (57.3 [SD = 35.3]; p = 0.754). Percentile scores indicate an average overall quality of life classification for AcCMV subjects and controls. There was no difference in mean percentile scores on the QOLI between AcCMV subjects with and without hearing loss (54.8 [SD = 25.2]) and 61.3 [SD = 28.3]; p = 0.440, respectively). Conclusion Adults born with AcCMV do not seem to have lower ratings of quality of life compared with uninfected controls. Although our study had small sample size, hearing loss does not seem to be a significant predictor of QOLI percentile scores among AcCMV subjects. Quality of life in adulthood does not seem to be affected by an individual's awareness of screening positive for CMV, which supports the notion of "no harm" occurring from universal newborn screening for congenital CMV infection.
Use of problem based learning activity to improve attitudes regarding inter-professional collaborative teamwork in mental health nursing students: An evaluation study.

Abstract Inter-professional collaboration results in improved processes, quality, cost-effectiveness, and outcomes in health care. Despite benefits of collaboration, little is known about effective nursing education approaches in collaboration. A pre-test, post-test brief longitudinal educational evaluation design was implemented utilizing a teamwork attitudes questionnaire to explore thirty-six Midwestern United States undergraduate nursing students' attitudes about collaborative care. An electronic educational module about collaborative nursing practice was used. Also, participants developed visual representations (maps) of collaborative care teams utilizing reverse case-study approach. The TAQ tool demonstrated significantly improved students' valuation of teamwork after the electronic module activity (t = 5.976, p = 0.000) and increased the identification of need for administrative support for effective teamwork (t = 33.53, 0.000). Collaborative team map drawings demonstrated that patient's frequently fail to identify themselves (75%) and social workers (70%) as part of their care team. Patients (58.3%) and students (77.8%) however, frequently identified family members as important to care. Further study should identify how nurses can fully engage and sustain involvement of family members and social workers in collaborative mental health care. Benefit in student nurses' attitudes about teamwork was found after a brief educational learning module about collaboration.
Dietary vitamin K is remodeled by gut microbiota and influences community composition

Vitamins have well-established roles in bacterial metabolism. Menaquinones (MKn, n = prenyl units in sidechain) are bacterially produced forms of vitamin K produced by the gut microbiota and consum...
A Role for Genetics in Racial Disparities of Therapy-Related Cardiomyopathy.

Cardiomyopathy is a significant source of morbidity and early mortality among survivors of childhood cancer, and may disproportionately affect minorities. However, there have been few studies evaluating these outcomes among racially and ethnically diverse survivor populations. A study by Sapkota and colleagues systematically characterizes disparities in the incidence of treatment-associated cardiomyopathy on the basis of genetic ancestry and investigates genetic variants responsible for this inequality. The noteworthy findings include a disproportionate risk of cardiomyopathy among African-American childhood cancer survivors and the identification of inherited genetic variants, which may confer increased susceptibility to cardiomyopathy among these individuals. Although larger studies are needed to confirm these findings, incorporating this knowledge into clinical risk profiles may help focus attention on patient populations who are particularly vulnerable to adverse cardiovascular outcomes and most likely to benefit from preventive strategies. See related article by Sapkota et al., p. 2556
Applying the Care and Communication Bundle to Promote Palliative Care in a Neuro-Intensive Care Unit: Why and How.

Background: Delivery of palliative care in neurointensive care units (neuro-ICUs) can be inconsistent, often due to absence of formal care triggers. The Care and Communication Bundle (CCB) of Quali...
Vulvar Discomfort in a 10-year-old Girl.

1. R. Kiran Chawla, MD* 2. Sinduja Lakkunarajah, MD 3. M. Susan Jay, MD* 1. *Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin Affiliated Hospitals, Milwaukee, WI A 10-year-old girl presents to a midwestern adolescent medicine (AM) clinic for evaluation of a labial lesion. Her medical history is significant in that she has entered puberty but is still premenarchal. Her psychiatric history is noncontributory. She initially notes a 1-day history of genital pain that began during a dance recital. She is a competitive jazz dancer. The following day, her mother noticed that she had a wide-based gait when ambulating. She was brought to her pediatrician for evaluation. On physical examination she was found to have redundant labial folds and a 1-cm erythematous mass on the right labia with overlying crusting (Fig 1). She was discharged with instructions to apply petroleum jelly to help with irritation. The same day, her mother brought her to a pediatric urgent care clinic for a second opinion, and she was referred to the AM clinic at a midwestern children’s hospital. She reports wearing a tight leotard at the time of symptom onset but denies any history of behavioral issues, injury, infections, use of new soaps or detergents, being sexually active, engaging in hair removal in the genital area, and any history of abuse. Furthermore, there is no family history of skin conditions or cancers. Figure 1. A redundant labial fold is noted, as is a 1-cm erythematous mass on the right labia with overlying crusting inferiorly. This lesion is also noted to be hyperpigmented. She comes to the AM clinic 2 days after her urgent care visit due to increasing redness and swelling surrounding the “stuck-on” lesion as well as an increase in size and pigmentation. Review of systems is otherwise negative. Aside from applying petroleum jelly, she …
The Coldest Crucible: Arctic Exploration and American Culture

In the late 1800s, "Arctic Fever" swept across the nation as dozens of American expeditions sailed north to the Arctic to find a sea route to Asia and, ultimately, to stand at the North Pole. Few of these missions were successful, and many men lost their lives en route. Yet, failure did little to dampen the enthusiasm of new explorers or the crowds at home that cheered them on. Arctic exploration, Michael F. Robinson argues, was an activity that unfolded in America as much as it did in the wintry hinterland. Paying particular attention to the perils facing explorers at home, "The Coldest Crucible" examines their struggles to build support for the expeditions before departure, defend their claims upon their return, and cast themselves as men worthy of the nation's full attention. In so doing, this book paints a new portrait of polar voyagers, one that removes them from the icy backdrop of the Arctic and sets them within the tempests of American cultural life. With chronological chapters featuring emblematic Arctic explorers - including Elisha Kent Kane, Charles Hall, and Robert Peary - "The Coldest Crucible" reveals why the North Pole, a region so geographically removed from Americans, became an iconic destination for discovery.
Hierarchical micro/nanostructures generated by femtosecond laser beams modified through a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator

Abstract The speckle effect, generated by a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (LCSLM), is studied using a femtosecond laser machining system. The speckle effect of the patterned beams produces hierarchical micro/nanostructures on the surface of polished stainless steel (SS 316L). The results show that the hierarchical micro/nanostructures are composed of micro-sized valley structures created by the LCSLM and nano-sized periodic structures induced by the femtosecond laser. By varying the azimuth of the pattern beams in the focal plane, the directions of the inner valley structures can be altered. As a result of these patterned beams with the speckle effect, the fabrication of hierarchical micro/nanostructures structures inside various shapes becomes a simple one-step procedure instead of a complex scanning process. These hierarchical micro/nanostructures can provide advantages for anti-friction, hydrophobic, and hydrophilic applications in surface treatment.
GSM/EDGE evolution, based on 8-PSK

This paper introduces the migration path from Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) to 3G multimedia services, and provides insight into certain issues regarding the direction for its standardization within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specifications Group (TSG) referred to as GPRS/Enhanced Data for Global Evolution (EDGE) Radio Access Network or GERAN.
Comprehensive Methodology for the Statistic of SRAM Vmin

In this paper, a comprehensive methodology for the statistic of SRAM Vmin is presented. A plotting method for the linearization of the statistical distributions is proposed, and methodologies for size scaling and statistical extrapolations are developed. Many analogies to the established statistical framework for time-dependent dielectric breakdown are found.
Plates and Panels of Composite Materials

In Chapter 2, the governing constitutive equations were developed in detail, describing the relationships between integrated stress resultants (N x , N y , N xy ), integrated stress couples ( M x , M y , M xy ), in-plane mid-surface strains ( ∈0 x , ∈0 y , ∈0 xy ), and the curvatures (K x , K y , K xy ), as seen in Equations (2.62). These will be utilized with the strain-displacement relations of (2.40) and (2.42) and the equilibrium equations to be developed in Section 3.2 to develop structural theories for thin walled bodies. the structural form in which composite materials are most generally employed. Plates and panels are discussed in this chapter. Beams. rods and columns are discussed in Chapter 4. Shells will be the subject of Chapter 5. The use of energy methods for solving structures problems is discussed in Chapter 6. However to study any of the structural equations it is necessary to develop suitable equilibrium equations first.
Detection of human enteric viruses in stream water with RT-PCR and cell culture.

A multiplex RT-PCR method was used to measure virus occurrence at five stream water sites that span a range of hydroclimatic, water-quality, and land-use characteristics. The performance of the molecular method was evaluated in comparison with traditional cell culture and Escherichia coli membrane filtration assays. The study incorporated multiple quality controls and included a control for virus recovery during the sampling procedure as well as controls to detect potentially false-negative and false-positive data. Poliovirus recovery ranged from 16 to 65% and was variable, even in samples collected within the same stream. All five sites were positive for viruses by both molecular and cell culture-based virus assays. Enteroviruses, reoviruses, rotaviruses, and hepatitis A viruses were detected, but the use of the quality controls proved critical for interpretation of the molecular data. All sites showed evidence of faecal contamination, and culturable viruses were detected in four samples that would have met the US Environmental Protection Agency’s recommended E. coli guideline for safe recreational water.
Leveraging User-Privilege Classification to Customize Usage-based Statistical Models of Web Applications

Automatically creating test cases from statistical models of web application usage is an effective approach to generating test cases that represent actual usage. The models are typically generated from all collected user sessions. In this paper, we consider how grouping the user sessions -- specifically by the user's privilege -- creates different statistical models and the testing implications of those differences. We performed a study of user-privilege-specific navigation models and the resulting abstract test cases generated from over 19,000 user sessions to four deployed web applications. Our results suggest that grouping user sessions by the users' privileges results in smaller navigation models, which yield realistic test cases that represent users with that privilege well while also exploring navigations not seen in the input user sessions. In some cases, the user-privilege-specific models are significantly smaller, which allows the tester to either (a) generate relatively few test cases and still represent the user type well or (b) create test cases from a less abstract model -- without exorbitant model space costs or the need for additional models to generate executable test cases. However, the benefits are not universal for all applications, thus, we present guidance to testers on metrics to determine whether creating user-privilege-specific test cases will be advantageous.
The identification of point sources of heavy metals in an industrially impacted waterway by periphyton and surface sediment monitoring

Periphyton and sediment samples were collected from 12 stations along Bayou d'Inde, a very polluted waterway, in Southwestern Louisiana. The samples were analyzed for Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cr, Al, Cd, and Ag. When metal concentrations in periphyton or sediment are plotted vs sampling station, the metal distributions clearly indicate a major point source of metals at one station which is located at the mouth of an industrial ditch. Metal levels in periphyton generally parallel those found in surface sediments at the same location, but metal levels in periphyton are generally higher than in sediment from the same location, indicating an enrichment over sediment values. For sediments two types of extraction were investigated using leaching with concentrated HNO3 in a high-pressure decomposition vessel and shaking with 1 N HCl for 2 hr. Both methods correlate well for all metals except Ni, but HNO3 extracted more total metal. Correlations between periphyton and sediment were best for Pb, Fe, and Ag. Poorest correlations were seen for Mn, Ni, and Cd. When periphyton and sediment metal concentrations were normalized to Fe, Mn, and Al, correlation factors for some metals improved while others deteriorated.
How do environmental agents affect inflammatory skin disease

Antigenic stimulation is increasingly recognized as a cause of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, as well as the cause of allergic contact dermatitis. Interaction between the cutaneous immune system and environment is dependent on many factors, including existing inflammation of the skin at the time of antigen presentation, the nature of antigen presented, genetically determined features of the host immune system, anatomical features of the skin at the site of antigen presentation and other environmental factors, such as ultraviolet light and psychological stress. These variables create a complex set of immunological responses that may include tolerance, antibody-mediated responses and cell-mediated responses. Scientific understanding of these variables allows insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases and will lead to new treatment options.
Is there a natural level of capacity utilization

Previous studies of the Phillips Curve using capacity, utilization have estimated NAIRCU to be in the neighborhood of 82%. These studies estimate NAIRCU by imposing the restriction that there is no stable long run relationship between capacity utilization and the rate of inflation. The authors of these studies test the validity of this restricted model by estimating a model of the Phillips Curve, which has no supply-side variables. However, the actual estimates of NAIRCU are derived from restricted models, which include supply side variables. This article replicates these findings and then tests the validity of the restriction using a correctly specified model. An important finding is that the restriction is not valid and therefore the models used to produce estimates of NAIRCU are misspecified. Our findings call into question the existence of a vertical long run Phillips Curve. The implications of our findings are that the FED was overly cautious in raising interest rates to slow the economy and that the policy of pursuing “full employment” is still viable.
4Q502 a New Year Festival

In 1982 M. Baillet entitled his publication of 4Q502 "Rituel de manage" (DJD 7.81-105). The interpretation of these fragments as a liturgy for a marriage ritual has generally, although not universally, been accepted.' J.M. Baumgarten has advanced the most plausible alternative to Baillet's identification, arguing that the text is a "Golden Age" ritual. In this article I will argue that 4Q502 should be understood as neither a marriage ritual nor a "Golden Age ritual." Rather, 4Q502 is more probably a "New Year ritual" marking the beginning of Nisan. 4Q502 is comprised of 344 fragments, many containing only a word or part of a word. Baillet himself is unsure if all of these fragments belong to a single unified text: "On ne peut garantir l'appartenance de tous les fragments."2 The most complete fragments (1-14) have been joined to make four textual fragments: none of these "Group I" texts contains a single completely preserved line. There are five Group II fragments (16-21); three Group IH fragments (22-24); and the remainder of the fragments Baillet labels as "Other." The fragmentary nature of the text, combined with its highly unusual content, make the continuing disagreements on its identification unsurprising. The primary arguments for identifying 4Q502 as a mariage ritual are: