cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Building a Neighborhood Network: Interorganizational Collaboration to Prevent Child Abuse and Neglect

Policymakers have identified the community-based human services network as a promising model for restructuring services in neighborhoods affected by poverty, but researchers have found this approach complex and difficult to implement. An increase in networks and partnerships among service providers suggests that organizations are learning to work together, yet little is known about the processes of their collaboration. This article reports findings from an organizational analysis of one interorganizational collaboration in which executive directors and frontline practitioners from seven agencies worked for five years to create, implement, and institutionalize a community-based service network of informal and formal family support programs to help prevent child abuse and neglect. This article presents a theoretical framework for understanding community-based networks and interorganizational collaboration and describes and analyzes how collaboration was used as a method to build a new service network, the characteristics of the network, and factors that facilitated the collaborative processes.
Motivating students to read journal articles

A technique is described that motivates students to complete assigned readings of journal articles. The technique requires students to write a summary and critique of each article on an 8 × 5 in. index card. Students completing the readings receive two types of tangible benefits: extra course credit and use of their notecards during subsequent tests. Objective assessment of the technique in two classes indicated that students turned in notecards for 73.7% of the readings, and only one student failed to submit any notecards. Students responded positively to the technique on an end-of-term survey.
Electronic medical record utopia may be right before our eyes.

Envision a shift years from now. You treat patients but never sit at a computer to document or enter orders. You wear a set of clear glasses with a computer screen built into the lens. Navigation of medical records occurs by voice command into a nearly invisible speaker built into your eyewear’s frame. No lag exists between your spoken command and the instantaneous flash of information desired. Patient notes and orders are entered immediately and hands free from voice controlled dictation before you leave a patient’s room. You finish your procedure note for a central line or intubation before you remove your gloves because you verbally entered that information as it was performed. During physical exam, you command the photo of a patient’s wound or bedside ultrasound findings from a miniscule camera inconspicuously situated into the frame of your eyewear. The images are uploaded and available immediately. Your lens alerts you the second critical lab values result. Electrocardiograms are transmitted to your lens too, and previous tracings are retrieved automatically. To page a consultant, you simply demand it from your hands free mobile command post. Prescriptions are sent electronically to and instantly received by local pharmacies once you speak the words. Drug doses, side effects, mechanism of action, and retail costs are all linked seamlessly from your order menu. For every fleeting query, you state what you want from which source, and it appears immediately. This is the future of medicine.
All Hail the Q.U.E.E.N.: Janelle Monáe and a Tale of the Tux

This essay examines musician and style icon Janelle Monae’s signature suit of clothes—her tuxedo—and argues that the tuxedo and its accompanying styling create productive tensions between restraint and abandon, typicality and queerness, captivity and freedom. For Monae, these tensions fuel her creative work on the musical stage and also in the realm of fashion and style; they become a way of naturalizing the oddness and radicality of her liberating and liberatory rhetoric concerning racial stereotypes, gender norms, class assumptions, and perceptions of sexuality. Examining the mythology surrounding Monae’s public presentation, as well as the styling of the videos for “Tightrope” and “Q.U.E.E.N.,” I argue that Monae insists on a playfully clad and performative “embodied knowledge” as a basis for her android revolution.
Use Cases and Development of Software Defined Networks in OpenStack

With ubiquitous presence and perpetual growth of software applications and computing devices connected to the Internet, organizations and businesses are faced with increasing challenges in operating and maintaining technologies that support their IT infrastructure. Among the goals of technology management are cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency, and secure management of information technologies, which are expected to produce maximum utility value. Virtualization has been proposed as a promising solution to the challenges facing today's IT managers. From virtualized servers to virtualized networks to virtual data centers, various virtualized systems have been explored as means of easing IT operation challenges. One of the major benefits of virtualization is the possibility of building a network of virtual machines and storage infrastructure between the virtual data center and external physical networks. A data center involves a large number of networking devices such as switches, routers, and firewalls. With traditional networking, managing networks in data centers is a complex task due to the closed architecture and vertical integration among the networking devices. Software-defined networking (SDN) is a new architectural paradigm, enabling flexible and dynamic management of networks and associated services. This paper presents the benefits of virtualization in general, the advantages of adopting virtualization in data centers, a practical implementation of virtual data centers on OpenStack, and implementing SDN to manage networks in the virtual data center.
King v. Burwell: ACA Destruction Denied, ACA Expansion Enabled

The article discusses the impact of the most recent Supreme Court ACA decision on the Marketplaces and also on state decisions regarding Medicaid expansion. The Court's decision in King v. Burwell not only averted the ACA’s potential destruction, but also places the statute on more solid footing in the face of ongoing legal, political, and practical challenges.
Outcomes of three sling procedures at the time of abdominal sacral colpopexy

Introduction A sling at time of sacral colpopexy (SCP) for apical pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is valuable in the treatment of overt, urodynamic, and occult stress urinary incontinence (SUI). As there is no current agreement regarding the optimal choice of sling in these women, we compare the outcomes of three sling procedures in this population: autologous rectus fascia bladder neck sling (ARF), retropubic midurethral sling (RPM), and transobturator midurethral sling (TOM). Methods We performed a retrospective single institution, single-surgeon review of data identifying women with minimum follow-up of 12 months who underwent a concomitant sling and SCP following urodynamics with and without POP reduction. Preoperative and postoperative evaluation included objective and subjective assessment. Cure required absence of subjective and objective SUI. Results Out of 187 women, 152 (81%) met inclusion criteria (49 ARF, 58 RPM, and 45 TOM). There were no significant differences among sling groups regarding demographics. SUI cure rates were not significantly different between sling groups, or within each group after stratification by overt and occult SUI. QoL indices improved significantly after surgery for the entire cohort. Conclusions All three sling types appear to produce similar cure rates of SUI when done concomitantly with SCP. There did not appear to be any significant differences when stratified by occult or overt SUI. No sling type was associated with more postoperative complications. Larger studies are necessary to confirm the findings of this single-institution, retrospective study. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:482-485, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The investigation of pathogenic bacteria in infectious diarrhea in Bao′an district, Shenzhen

Objective To learn about the composition of pathogenic bacteria in infectious diarrhea in Bao′an district,and provide basis for controlling infectious diarrhea.Method The stool specimens of diarrhea patients were collected between May 2011 and April 2012 for pathogen detection and statistical description analysis.Results There were 2 310 specimens collected for the laboratory analysis,with a positive rate of 12.29%(284 / 2 310).Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the main bacteria strain,followed by Salmonella and diarrheogenic Escherichia.The positive rate of pathogenic bacteria was high in Summer and Autumn,and the incidence peak of Vibrio parahemolyticus was between June and September.Salmonella infection occurred mainly in infants and young children(52.56%),and Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection was more common in 20-40 years adults.Conclusions Vibrio parahaemolyticus remained the predominant strains of bacterial diarrhea infections in the district.The most important methods to reduce the outbreak of diarrhea is to strengthen the food safety education and the monitor of food safety in marine products in Summer and Autumn.
Analysis on mixed pollution status of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in sea shrimp on the market

Objective:To define the Vibrio parahaemolyticus(V.parahaemolyticus) polluted status among sea shrimps from agricultural markets in hangzhou.Methods: Samples such as greasyback shrimp,prawn and white shrimp from 15 agricultural markets in hangzhou were collected during summer and autumn.Quantitative analysis,isolation and culture,biochemical identification and serotyping were carried out according to GB/T4789.7-2008.Results: Out of 78 sea shrimps,74 were found containing Vibrio parahaemolyticus with the positive rate of 94.9%.Incidence of V.parahaemolyticus among different seasons were close(P0.05),while the contamination density of V.parahaemolyticus in Summer was significantly higher than that of in winter(P0.001).Of these Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates,the dominating serogroups are O1,O5 and O11 with a total share rate of 51.3%.Mixed contamination rate of various group O antigen of V.parahaemolyticus in summer was significantly higher than that of in winter(P0.005).Conclusion: The pollution of V.parahaemolyticus in sea shrimp is very serious in Zhejiang province,particularly in summer.Monitoring of V.parahaemolyticus in sea shrimps should be strengthened.It is of great significance to control Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning or food borne diseases.
Measurement of Airway Mucin Gene Expression

Hypersecretion of airway mucus is characteristic of several severe lung diseases, particularly those involving chronic inflammation such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis (CF) (1). Mucins are the major macromolecular component of mucus and play a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of these diseases by determining the viscoelastic properties of mucus and its ability to interact with the cilia of the respiratory tract during mucociliary clearance.
Autism and Aggression

In the past decade some progress has been achieved in the treatment of autistic children and children with a variety of psychiatric disorders whose target symptoms include aggression. Areas of progress include both psychopharmacologic and psychosocial interventions. The purpose of this chapter is to present advances in the area of pharmacotherapy for these conditions. We wish to emphasize that pharmacotherapy is never considered to be sufficient as the sole treatment modality. However, a subgroup of these children may benefit considerably from pharmacotherapy, in addition to other types of treatments.
Learning Decision Lists

This paper introduces a new representation for Boolean functions, called decision lists, and shows that they are efficiently learnable from examples. More precisely, this result is established for k-;DL – the set of decision lists with conjunctive clauses of size k at each decision. Since k-DL properly includes other well-known techniques for representing Boolean functions such as k-CNF (formulae in conjunctive normal form with at most k literals per clause), k-DNF (formulae in disjunctive normal form with at most k literals per term), and decision trees of depth k, our result strictly increases the set of functions that are known to be polynomially learnable, in the sense of Valiant (1984). Our proof is constructive: we present an algorithm that can efficiently construct an element of k-DL consistent with a given set of examples, if one exists.
Mining the Gap: Assessing Leadership Needs to Improve 21st Century Plant Pathology

Scientists and plant pathologists are trained in scientific knowledge and critical thinking as part of their career preparation process. However, the extensive training in science-related skills may come at a cost to "soft skills," the competencies needed for interpersonal skills, communication, management, and leadership. A survey of the American Phytopathological Society indicated that the vast majority of its members (91%) were in leadership and management roles. Despite this, a minority of survey participants felt that their scientific training had prepared them to lead (30%) or manage others (36%). Plant pathologists had received the most training in topics that were tied to science. Less common were critical topics such as resilience, entrepreneurship, visioning, and persuasion, and participants were likely to choose skills considered necessary for management, as opposed to leadership. While scientific training is the primary purpose of graduate training, the lack of leadership training and professional development represents a critical deficiency at a time when science is increasingly moving toward larger collaborative projects. Soft skills training options are available, but utilization of these resources needs to be encouraged. An increased emphasis on augmenting leadership and management skills is critical to prepare scientists for a competitive, dynamic, and increasingly collaborative science landscape.
Abstract 45: Higher Reintervention Rate But Similar Amputation-free Survival With Endovascular Procedures For Peripheral Arterial Disease Compared To Bypass Surgery

Background: Over the last decade, the number of endovascular procedures for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has surpassed the number of open surgical bypass procedures. Yet, the effectiveness of endovascular procedures in comparison to open procedures is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of open and endovascular procedures for PAD in a population-based study. Methods: We used the Patient Discharge Data (PDD) from California’s Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) to identify all patients >35 years of age who underwent a lower extremity arterial intervention from 2005 to 2009. OSHPD has been recording ambulatory surgery data since 2005. The PDD is linked to the death database. A look back period of five years was used to exclude patients with prior lower extremity endovascular or open procedures. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to compare amputation-free survival and logistic regression was used to compare 12-month reintervention rate between the endovascular and open groups adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, insurance status, severity of illness, and comorbidities. Results: Between 2005 and 2009, 41,507 individuals underwent lower extremity arterial interventions. 25,635 (61.7%) underwent endovascular procedures and 15,872 underwent open procedures. There were 17,942 women (43.2%) and 23,565 men. 4,094 (25.8%) of the patients in the open group and 8,593 (33.5%) of patients in the endovascular group underwent reintervention for PAD. The 12-month reintervention rate was significantly associated with endovascular procedures ( p <0.001). The odds ratio for 12-month reintervention was 1.38 in the endovascular group (95% CI 1.32-1.45) compared to the open group. However, there was no difference in the amputation-free survival following endovascular procedures compared to open procedures ( p =0.154); the hazard ratio was 1.07 in the endovascular group (95%CI 0.97-1.15) compared to the open group. Conclusions: Nearly a third of all patients who undergo a lower extremity arterial revascularization procedure require reintervention within the first year. Our results demonstrate that although endovascular procedures are more likely than open procedures to require reintervention, the amputation-free survival is not improved with endovascular procedures. Cost analysis of multiple reinterventions can be beneficial in understanding the cost-effectiveness of endovascular procedures. Further research is also needed to understand patient characteristics that distinguish patients who benefit more from endovascular procedure for PAD.
In Vivo and In Vitro Degradation Studies for Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) Biopolymer

Studies have shown that the copolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) [P(HB-co-HHx)] possesses favorable mechanical properties for use in medical supplies and products (e.g., sutures, scaffolds, bone plates). One of the major under-addressed issues associated with the use of biodegradable, bio-based PHA polymers in resorbable medical products is the correlation between the mechanical properties and the in vivo material degradation over time. In this study, P(HB-co-17 mol% HHx) matrices were mechanically tested after either incubation in cultures of human embryonic kidney cells (HEK) for in vitro degradation studies for up to 4 weeks, or inserted into Danio rerio (zebrafish) tissues for in vivo degradation studies for up to 7 weeks. The mechanical properties and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the degraded materials were examined and later correlated to understand the degradation phenomenon. Our results show that Young’s modulus of P(HB-co-17 mol%HHx) during in vitro studies decreased from 3.26 to 2.42 GPa within 4 weeks, and in vivo breakdown resulted in a significant decrease in Young’s modulus with a decrease from 3.26 to 0.51 GPa and a mass loss of 59 % within 7 weeks. SEM images showed the development of pores and cracks on the surface of the material over time. Plasticization and recrystallization were observed and likely play a role in the alteration of mechanical properties.
Does College Enrollment and Bachelor’s Completion by Mothers Impact Children’s Educational Outcomes?:

Today, many undergraduates are themselves raising children. But does college-going by parents improve their offspring’s educational attainment? I address this question using data from the National ...
Functional and Structural Characterization of a (+)-Limonene Synthase from Citrus sinensis.

Terpenes make up the largest and most diverse class of natural compounds and have important commercial and medical applications. Limonene is a cyclic monoterpene (C10) present in nature as two enantiomers, (+) and (-), which are produced by different enzymes. The mechanism of production of the (-)-enantiomer has been studied in great detail, but to understand how enantiomeric selectivity is achieved in this class of enzymes, it is important to develop a thorough biochemical description of enzymes that generate (+)-limonene, as well. Here we report the first cloning and biochemical characterization of a (+)-limonene synthase from navel orange (Citrus sinensis). The enzyme obeys classical Michaelis-Menten kinetics and produces exclusively the (+)-enantiomer. We have determined the crystal structure of the apoprotein in an "open" conformation at 2.3 A resolution. Comparison with the structure of (-)-limonene synthase (Mentha spicata), which is representative of a fully closed conformation (Protein Data Bank entry 2ONG ), reveals that the short H-α1 helix moves nearly 5 A inward upon substrate binding, and a conserved Tyr flips to point its hydroxyl group into the active site.
Barber-say syndrome: a confirmed case of TWIST2 gene mutation

Key Clinical Message Barber-Say syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by hypertrichosis, redundant skin, and facial dysmorphism. TWIST2 gene mutation previously described in this syndrome was identified in our patient. Genetic testing is recommended in patients presenting with these phenotypic abnormalities, along with their parents, to establish de novo or inherited mutations.
Reviews of Electrical Properties of Rocks; U.S. Naval Oceanographic Geomagnetic Surveys, Informal Report; Report on Aeromagnetic Survey in Japan

Reviews of Electrical Properties of Rocks; U.S. Naval Oceanographic Geomagnetic Surveys, Informal Report; Report on Aeromagnetic Survey in Japan.
FRAGILE X SYNDROME : MOLECULAR AND CLINICAL INSIGHTS AND TREATMENT ISSUES

The fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited cause of mental retardation that is known. The prevalence of mental retardation from this syndrome ranges from 1 in 1,250 to 1 in 4,000 in the general population, although the prevalence of female carriers has been reported to be as high as 1 in 259. The discovery of the FMR1 gene mutation in 1991 has simplified diagnosis, enhanced our understanding of the spectrum of involvement in the fragile X syndrome, and stimulated research regarding the normal function of the FMR1 protein in brain development. Advances have also occurred in the treatment of the fragile X syndrome, and psychopharmacologic and educational interventions are reviewed here.
Metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC): Contrast of short- (STS) and long-term (LTS) survivor characteristics.

415Background: MPC is associated with 6-12 month (mo) median overall survival (OS) in published clinical series. However, there is wide variability in OS using standard chemotherapy (CTX) regimens ...
Inflammatory and Comorbid Features of Children Admitted to a PICU for Status Asthmaticus.

OBJECTIVES To determine risk factors associated with admission to a PICU with or without endotracheal intubation for an asthma exacerbation. We hypothesized that children with critical and near-fatal asthma would have distinguishing clinical features but varying degrees of asthma severity and measures of type 2 inflammation. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of children with asthma recruited into outpatient asthma clinical research studies at Emory University between 2004 and 2015. SETTING Large, free-standing academic quaternary care children's hospital in Atlanta, GA. PATIENTS Children 6-18 years old with physician-diagnosed and confirmed asthma. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS A total of 579 children were analyzed with 170 children (29.4%) being admitted to the PICU for an asthma exacerbation in their lifetime. Of these 170 children with a history of critical asthma, 24.1% were classified as having mild-to-moderate asthma, and 83 of 170 children (48.8%) had been intubated and experienced near-fatal asthma. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with increased odds of PICU admission with or without endotracheal intubation. Hospitalization within the prior 12 months of survey (odds ratio, 8.19; 95% CI, 4.83-13.89), a history of pneumonia (odds ratio, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.52-4.29), having a designation of increased chronic asthma severity on high-dose inhaled corticosteroids (odds ratio, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.62-4.70), having a father with asthma (odds ratio, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.23-3.76), living in a region with a higher burden of poverty (odds ratio, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.02-1.61), and being of black race (odds ratio, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.05-3.84) were all associated with increased odds of PICU admission with or without intubation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that there are factors associated with critical and near-fatal asthma, distinct from the chronic asthma severity designations, that should be the focus of future investigation.
Bottlenecks and complementation in the aphid transmission of citrus tristeza virus populations

Aphid transmission is a major factor in the formation of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) populations. Here, we examined the effect of population interaction on aphid transmissibility of different CTV genotypes. We found that there was no correlation between the proportion of viral genotypes in the source population and what was transmitted. We next examined the transmission of a poorly transmitted infectious cDNA clone (T36) in mixture with other CTV genotypes. T36 transmission increased from 0.5% alone, to up to 35.7%, depending on the coinfecting genotype. These results suggest that interaction between CTV genotypes affects the transmission of this virus.
Assessment of Musculoskeletal Injuries Associated with Palpation, Infection Control Practices, and Zoonotic Disease Risks among Utah Clinical Veterinarians.

Objectives: Practicing veterinarians are exposed to unique occupational hazards and zoonotic diseases. National studies have highlighted an increase risk to injuries and a lack of veterinary awaren...
A Chiral Meta-Mirror Enabled Linear and Nonlinear Chiroptical Responses

In this paper, chiral-selective absorption and circular polarization preservation of a chiral metamaterial mirror are presented. Beyond the linear regime, it is shown that the resonance also enables handedness-dependent nonlinear generation from such meta-mirrors. Moreover, we have demonstrated that the proposed chiral-mirror can be used to achieve resonance-enhanced and chiral-selective high-contrast second-harmonic optical imaging.
Merkel cell carcinoma: an aggressive cutaneous carcinoma with rare metastasis to the thyroid gland

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive and rare neuroendocrine cutaneous carcinoma with poor prognosis and with increasing morbidity and mortality in cases of distant metastasis. Given the rarity of MCC, optimal treatment is not well established. Treatment usually consists of multidisciplinary management with local excision of the primary tumour. Imaging studies are essential for accurate staging and monitoring of disease progression. The incidence of local recurrence is highest in the first 2 years and ranges from 27% to 60%. Distant metastasis is most common in the skin, liver, bone, lung/pleura, brain or distant lymph nodes. The thyroid gland is a rare site of metastasis for MCC with only two case reports published to date. Our patient had a repeat 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose-postiron emission tomography/CT after the discovery of recurrence of MCC. The high-intensity maximal standardised uptake value of 10.9 in the thyroid isthmus is consistent with malignancy. This case report describes an exceedingly rare thyroid metastasis secondary to MCC.
Testing Topology Adaptive Irrigation IoT with Circuits

There is a significant unrealized potential in developing state of the art electronics for agriculture, particularly, for irrigation systems. However, development velocity in the domain of Irrigation Internet of Things (IrIoT) is slowed due to lengthy and complex validation cycles that require multi domain integration testing. This paper proposes testing IrIoT distributed controllers on electrical circuit platform prior to final verification. This flexible testing environment utilizes wires as opposed to water lines for testing design shortcomings. To fully expose challenges associated with next generation IrIoT this paper discusses testing challenges of topology adaptive distributed wireless irrigation controllers. Here are presented contributions in topology adaptation method, software simulation tools, an intermediate testing step using circuits as opposed to directly conducting integration testing in the target setting. The proposed method establishes an isolated circuit sandbox where integral system components, in this case IrIoT controllers, and algorithms are tested prior to full integration testing.
Investigation of Size-Dependent Sublimation Kinetics of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) Micro-Islands Using In Situ Atomic Force Microscopy

Kinetic thermal analysis was conducted using in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) at a temperature range of 15-25 °C to calculate the activation energy of the sublimation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) islands. The decay of different diameter ranges (600-1600 nm) of TNT islands was imaged at various temperatures isothermally such that an activation energy could be obtained. The activation energy of the sublimation of TNT increases as the diameter of islands increases. It was found that the coarsening and the sublimation rate of TNT islands can be determined by the local environment of the TNT surface. This result demonstrates that a diffusion model cannot be simply applied to "real world" systems for explaining the sublimation behavior and for estimating the coarsening of TNT.
Prognostic significance of supraclavicular lymphadenopathy in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

Objectives To assess outcomes and patterns of recurrence in patients with high-grade serous ovarian/tubal/primary peritoneal cancers with radiographic supraclavicular lymphadenopathy at diagnosis. Methods We evaluated all patients with newly diagnosed high-grade serous ovarian cancers treated at our center between January 1, 2008 and May 1, 2013 who had supraclavicular lymphadenopathy (defined as ≥1 cm in short axis) on radiographic imaging (either computed tomography or positron emission tomography) at the time of diagnosis. Results Of 586 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer receiving primary treatment during the study period, we identified 13 (2.2%) with supraclavicular lymphadenopathy diagnosed on pre-treatment imaging. The median age at diagnosis was 52.0 years (range 38.2–72.3). Five (31%) had clinically palpable nodes on physical examination. Four (31%) had a known BRCA mutation. All 13 patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by interval debulking surgery. Each patient received a median of four cycles of neoadjuvant intravenous chemotherapy (range 3–7). At interval debulking surgery, complete gross resection was achieved in nine (70%) patients, and optimal resection (0.1–1 cm residual disease) in four (30%). Eleven patients (85%) recurred; however, only one (8%) recurred in the supraclavicular lymph nodes. Median follow-up time was 44.3 months (range 22.4–95.0). Median progression-free survival for the cohort was 11.7 months (95% CI 9.2 to 14.1). Median overall survival was 44.3 months (95% CI 41.5 to 47.1). In patients obtaining complete gross resection at interval debulking surgery, median progression-free survival and overall survival were 13.9 months (95% CI 8.9 to 18.9) and 78.1 months (95% CI 11.1 to 145.1), respectively. Conclusions In our study, approximately 2% of patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer presented with radiographic evidence of supraclavicular lymphadenopathy. Supraclavicular lymphadenopathy at diagnosis did not portend an unfavorable outcome when complete gross resection was achieved at interval debulking surgery.
Lower Extremity Injuries in Gymnasts

The mechanics of gymnastics place extreme loads on many regions of a gymnast’s body. This physical stress along with the scoring and psychological pressures of this sport predisposes participants to injury. Specific injury location and type vary by age, sex, level, event, and environment (competition vs. practice). But, overall, there is a higher prevalence of lower limb injuries (54.1–70.2%) compared to upper limb injuries (17.1–25.0%), with the ankle (10–46%) and knee (5.1–26.2%) being the most commonly injured. This chapter describes over 20 of the most common lower limb injuries seen in gymnasts as well as the mechanical and biological factors that contribute to them. Additionally, reinjury is a common problem in gymnastics, so early detection and proper management are imperative. For these reasons, the clinical skills necessary for diagnosis and the best course of treatment are also detailed.
Outcomes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2018 Breastfeeding Report Card: Public Policy Implications.

Objectives To compare the impact of Baby-Friendly designation vs rates of in-hospital breastfeeding initiation on breastfeeding outcomes at 3, 6, and 12 months postdischarge. Study design Breastfeeding outcome data from the 2018 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Breastfeeding Report Card were used as a basis for determining outcomes from the corresponding 2015 birth cohort. Linear regression models were used to determine the strength of association of breastfeeding initiation and Baby-Friendly hospital penetrance and attainment of postdischarge breastfeeding rates. All hospital births from all 50 states, 3 territories, and the District of Columbia were included in the study. Results Statewide breastfeeding initiation rates were positively associated with targeted breastfeeding outcomes. Similar associations were not found for Baby-Friendly hospital designation penetrance. Conclusions To attain the Healthy People 2020 breastfeeding objectives, future public policy initiatives should consider the interaction of population demographics, individual hospital programs, and public health strategies used to support breastfeeding in states reporting high breastfeeding initiation rates.
A Simpler Gopinath-Style Flux Observer without a Constant Speed Assumption for Low and High Sampling-to-Fundamental Frequency Ratios for Induction Machines

State-of-the-art stator and rotor flux observers implemented in the discrete domain for high-performance drives, such as those used in deadbeat-direct torque and flux control, have become increasingly complex in nature and have an underlying linearizing constant speed assumption. The proposed observer is expected to consume less computational resources, does not make linearizing assumptions about the motor, and has shown to run well at low sampling-to-fundamental frequency ratios. The observer also does not rely on lookup tables or compensation curves to correct for errors caused by approximations, allowing easier tuning than the state-of-the-art flux observer. In this paper, this observer is developed in the continuous and discrete domain and analyzed for rotor flux estimation accuracy performance.
Cognitive problems of breast cancer survivors on proton pump inhibitors

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used in cancer patients to manage treatment-related gastrointestinal symptoms and to prevent damage to the gastric mucosal lining during treatment. However, PPI use may contribute to cognitive problems. To compare PPI-users and non-users, breast cancer survivors reported cognitive problems in three studies. In Study 1, breast cancer survivors (N = 209; n = 173 non-users, n = 36 PPI-users; stages 0-IIIC) rated their cognitive function on the Kohli scale prior to cancer treatment, as well as one and two years later. In Study 2, women (N = 200; n = 169 non-users, n = 31 PPI-users, stages 0-IIIa, M = 11 months post-treatment) rated their cognitive function on the Kohli scale and BCPT checklist at three visits over a six-month period. In Study 3, participants (N = 142; n = 121 non-users, n = 21 PPI-users; stages I-IIIa, M = 4 years post-treatment) rated their cognitive function on the Kohli scale, BCPT checklist, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy cognitive scale (FACT-cog). In Study 1, PPI-users reported more severe concentration problems (p = 0.039) but not memory problems (p = 0.17) than non-users. In Study 2, PPI-users reported more severe concentration problems (p = 0.022) than non-users, but not memory problems or symptoms on the BCPT (ps = 0.11). Study 3’s PPI-users reported more severe memory problems (p = 0.002), poorer overall cognitive function (p = 0.006), lower quality of life related to cognitive problems (p = 0.005), greater perceived cognitive impairment (p = 0.013), and poorer cognitive abilities (p = 0.046), but not more severe concentration problems (p = 0.16), compared to non-users. PPI use may impair breast cancer survivors’ memory, concentration, and quality of life.
Roles of OB-Fold Proteins in Replication Stress

Accurate DNA replication is essential for maintaining genome stability. However, this stability becomes vulnerable when replication fork progression is stalled or slowed - a condition known as replication stress. Prolonged fork stalling can cause DNA damage, leading to genome instabilities. Thus, cells have developed several pathways and a complex set of proteins to overcome the challenge at stalled replication forks. Oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB)-fold containing proteins are a group of proteins that play a crucial role in fork protection and fork restart. These proteins bind to single-stranded DNA with high affinity and prevent premature annealing and unwanted nuclease digestion. Among these OB-fold containing proteins, the best studied in eukaryotic cells are replication protein A (RPA) and breast cancer susceptibility protein 2 (BRCA2). Recently, another RPA-like protein complex CTC1-STN1-TEN1 (CST) complex has been found to counter replication perturbation. In this review, we discuss the latest findings on how these OB-fold containing proteins (RPA, BRCA2, CST) cooperate to safeguard DNA replication and maintain genome stability.
Modern developments in shear flow control with swirl

Excitability of a turbulent swirling round jet is explored both qualitatively and quantitatively in the subsonic regime. Plane-wave acoustic excitation as the forcing mechanism caused periodic coherent vortical structures to appear in the shear layer, very close to the nozzle lip.
Exchange of molecular and cellular information: a hybrid model that integrates stem cell divisions and key regulatory interactions

Abstract Stem cells give rise to the entirety of cells within an organ. Maintaining stem cell identity and coordinately regulating stem cell divisions is crucial for proper development. In plants, mobile proteins, such as WOX5 and SHR, regulate divisions in the root stem cell niche (SCN). However, how these proteins coordinately function to establish systemic behavior is not well understood. We propose a non-cell autonomous role for WOX5 in the CEI and identify a regulator, AN3/GIF1, that coordinates CEI divisions. Here we show with a multiscale hybrid model integrating ODEs and agent-based modeling that QC and CEI divisions have different dynamics. Specifically, by combining continuous models to describe regulatory networks and agent-based rules, we model systemic behavior, which led us to predict cell-type-specific expression dynamics of SHR, SCR, WOX5, AN3, and CYCD6;1, and experimentally validate CEI cell divisions. Conclusively, our results show an interdependency between CEI and QC divisions. Thumbnail image
Changes in stress predict worse mental health outcomes for college students than does loneliness; evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVES: Although loneliness and stress have been widely implicated in worse mental health outcomes for college students, the relationship between them remains poorly understood. Participants: Data were collected from 111 undergraduates at a large Midwestern university in fall 2019 - winter 2020. A subset (N = 34) of those responded to a follow-up survey during the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2020). Methods: At both time points, participants completed measures of loneliness and stress, as well as well-validated measures of depression and anxiety. Results: Prior to the pandemic, stress mediated the positive relationship between loneliness and depression. During the pandemic, mental health outcomes, stress, and loneliness all increased. Stress, but not loneliness, predicted college students' worse mental health outcomes during the pandemic. Conclusions: Stress plays a key role in college students' worsening mental health. Reducing loneliness may be a potential strategy to mitigate the negative impact of stress on college students' mental health.
Risk Factors for Repeat Infection and Mortality After Extraction of Infected Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices.

Abstract Objectives This study sought to investigate the factors associated with repeat infection following lead extraction procedures. Background Although lead extraction is an essential therapy for patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection, repeat infection still occurs in some patients. Methods The authors reviewed data for consecutive patients who underwent extraction of infected CIEDs from August 2003 to May 2019. Repeat infection was defined as infective endocarditis, sepsis with no alternative focus, or pocket infection after extraction of infected CIEDs. Results Extraction of infected CIEDs was performed in 496 patients. The most commonly implicated pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus (n = 188). In 449 patients (90.5%), all leads were completely extracted using only transvenous techniques. Thirty-three patients (6.7%) underwent surgical lead extraction, and 14 (2.8%) had retained leads or lead components. After a median follow-up of 352 [40 to 1,255] days after CIED extraction, 144 patients (29.0%) died. Repeat infection occurred in 47 patients (9.5%) with the median time from the extraction to repeat infection of 103 [45 to 214] days. In multivariable analysis, presence of a left ventricular assist device, younger age at extraction, and S. aureus infection were independent predictors of repeat infection. Additionally, chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, presence of septic emboli, S. aureus infection, and occurrence of major complications were independent predictors of increased mortality. Conclusions Patients with S. aureus infection have a high risk of repeat infection and poor prognosis after CIED extraction. Repeat infection is also predicted by younger age and the presence of a left ventricular assist device, whereas mortality was predicted by congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and septic emboli.
Human capital as a factor of public administration of socialization economy

The article considers the theoretical aspect of defining the category of human capital. It is proved that the modern theory of human capital constantly needs to be studied together with the development of the world information community and knowledge economy. It is proved that the theory of human capital for Ukraine is first of all intelligence, health, knowledge, quality and productive work and quality of life. It is determined that the history of the theory of human capital is based on the achievements of institutional theory and other economic theories. It is determined that the criterion for improving the quality of human capital is a high index of economic freedom employee. The urgent problem of understanding the role of human-centeredness and the accumulated results of its intellectual activity on the pace and quality of development of society and socialization of the economy of public administration is considered. It is investigated that the concept of human development, human capital has become the best achievement of modern human civilization in the country and is an integral part of its national wealth. It is proved that the concept of human capital as the main strategic resource means the transition to the realities of Ukrainian society, human-centeredness, so a person as a civil servant and a citizen receiving quality services should be at the center of the socio-economic system. The concept of human capital as an idea, the efficiency of investment in human capital is considered and the economic approach to human behavior is formulated. It is substantiated that only positive (creative) human capital can be the best and most effective in the public administration of socialization of the economy. As a result of the study, it turns out that human capital has become a complex intensive factor in the development of the modern economy - the knowledge economy. It is noted that human capital is a set of investments in people, and in the public administration of socialization of the economy human capital increases its capacity for efficiency through education and skills, human capital is formed primarily through investment in improving the quality and quality of life in the country. We need to improve the efficiency of public administration of socialization of the economy through investment. It is argued that the criterion for improving the quality of human capital is a high index of economic freedom. It turns out that in Ukraine human capital is the main factor in the formation of public administration of socialization of the economy.
Knowledge flows and economic development through microenterprise collaboration in third-sector communities

“The U.N. once dealt only with governments. By now we know that peace and prosperity cannot be achieved without partnership involving governments, international organizations, the business community and civil society. In todayʼs world we depend on each other.” Kofi Annan, UN Secretary (1999).
Regional differences in adipocyte lactate production from glucose

Having shown that lactate is an important product of glucose metabolism by rat epididymal adipocytes, we investigated possible regional differences in adipocyte lactate production and the role of the animals' nutritional state and stage of development. [U-14C]glucose metabolism, lactate production, and response to insulin were measured in fat cells isolated from four adipose regions (subcutaneous, epididymal, retroperitoneal, and mesenteric) from young lean and older fatter rats, killed either in the fed state or after fasting for 48 h. In the absence of insulin, mesenteric fat cells from either age group metabolized significantly more glucose per cell and converted more glucose to lactate than cells from other depots, regardless of nutritional state. Adipocytes from fasted lean rats showed a significant increase (approximately 30%) in the relative glucose conversion to lactate in all depots when compared with cells from fed lean rats. Fasting of older fatter rats, however, had limited effects on the relative adipocyte glucose conversion to lactate since lactate production was already high (40-50% of glucose metabolized). Mesenteric fat cells had the lowest relative response to insulin, possibly due to the high basal rate of glucose metabolism. These findings indicate that differences exist among adipose regions in the rates of glucose metabolism, lactate production and response to insulin. The anatomical location of the mesenteric adipose depot, coupled with a high metabolic rate and blood perfusion, suggests that mesenteric adipocytes may provide a unique and more direct contribution of metabolic substrates for hepatic metabolism than adipocytes from other depots.
Motor cortex stimulation: functional magnetic resonance imaging-localized treatment for three sources of intractable facial pain.

Neuropathic facial pain can be a debilitating condition characterized by stabbing, burning, dysesthetic sensation. With a large range of causes and types, including deafferentation, postherpetic, atypical, and idiopathic, both medicine and neurosurgery have struggled to find effective treatments that address this broad spectrum of facial pain. The authors report the use of motor cortex stimulation to alleviate 3 distinct conditions associated with intractable facial pain: trigeminal deafferentation pain following rhizotomy, deafferentation pain secondary to meningioma, and postherpetic neuralgia. Functional MR imaging was used to localize facial areas on the precentral gyrus prior to surgery. All 3 patients experienced long-lasting complete or near-complete resolution of pain following electrode implantation. Efficacy in pain reduction was achieved through variation of stimulation settings over the course of treatment, and it was assessed using the visual analog scale and narrative report. Surgical compli...