cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Leaching behavior of rhenium in ammonium iodide/iodine solutions

The leaching behavior of rhenium in ammonium iodide solutions with iodine as oxidant was studied. Experiments were carried out in an autoclave to investigate the effects of stirring speed, temperature, solution pH, and iodine and iodide concentrations on the dissolution of rhenium. It was found that a high temperature and a high solution pH were essential for the efficient leaching of rhenium. The dissolution rate was found to be dependent upon the concentration of iodine and iodide. It was concluded that the dissolution of rhenium under the conditions studied was controlled by the mass transfer of iodine with an apparent activation energy of 15.8 kJ/mole.
Effectiveness of a Scaled-Up Arthritis Self-Management Program in Oregon: Walk With Ease.

Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness of Walk With Ease (WWE), an evidence-based arthritis self-management program that was scaled up in Oregon in 2012 to 2014.Methods. Guided by the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework, we collected participant surveys and attendance records and conducted observations. Preprogram and postprogram, participants self-reported pain and fatigue (scale: 0–10 points; high scores indicate more pain and fatigue) and estimated episodes of physical activity per week in the last month.Results. Recruitment successfully reached the targeted population—sedentary adults with arthritis (n = 598). Participants reported significant reduction in pain (−0.47 points; P = .006) and fatigue (−0.58 points; P = .021) and increased physical activity (0.86 days/week; P < .001). WWE was adopted by workplaces and medical, community, faith, and retirement centers. Most WWE programs were delivered with high fidelity; average attendance was 47%.Conclusions. ...
Being Authentically American Indian: Symbolic Identity Construction and Social Structure among Urban New Indians

This study investigates the individual and group level reconstruction of a racial-ethnic identity. Specifically, we investigate the experience of “new Indians,” or people who did not previously identify as American Indian, but are now reclaiming this racial-ethnic heritage. Because many new Indians lack both official (tribal and/or federal) recognition of their Indian status and the phenotypic traits associated with Indians in popular culture, their authenticity as American Indians is often questioned in interactions with others. We document how new Indians work to reconstruct the symbolic meaning of authentic Indianness by emphasizing specific values and actions rather than biological lineage. Moreover, we demonstrate how new Indians achieve interactional validation of their redefined Indian identities in the context of a proximate social structure.
Acute Graft Versus Host Disease after Donor Lymphocyte Infusion: A Single Center Analysis

Abstract Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is an option for relapsed hematologic malignancies following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We analyzed the incidence and manifestations of acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) in patients with malignant and non-malignant conditions treated with DLI. At the University of Minnesota, we gave 171 DLI to 120 patients from 1995-2013. The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute GVHD was 31.6% (CI 25-42%,n = 40); grade III-IV 23.3% (CI 16-32%,n = 29). GVHD after DLI (n = 46) included involvement of skin in 70% (n = 32), lower gastrointestinal (GI) 65% (n = 30), upper GI 43% (n = 20), and liver 35% (n = 16). Patients receiving chemotherapy prior to DLI (chemo-DLI) had more frequent acute GVHD and GI GVHD. Significant risk factors for grade II-IV acute GVHD included: age > 40, chemo-DLI, malignant disease, and time from HCT to DLI Patients developing GVHD had frequent disease response. In chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients, responses were excellent (80%) with or without GVHD. The CR rate was 34% for non-CML malignancies; only 9% achieved CR without acute GVHD. Non-malignant diseases showed poor prognosis following acute GVHD and good prognosis without. Overall survival at 2 years for CML patients was similar (83% vs 79%, p = 0.89) with or without grade II-IV acute GVHD, but in non-CML malignancies survival was better in absence of acute GVHD (41% vs 22%, p = 0.04). We observed frequent, yet therapy-responsive acute GVHD following DLI. DLI often induced remission in CML, but less so for non-CML malignancies without chemo-DLI, particularly in absence of acute GVHD. Improvements in DLI efficacy and GVHD management are still needed. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Training engineers in computer math and computer–aided design

With the rapid changes in technology today, certain technical courses in universities will be outdated within five years. How can working engineers be kept up–to–date with new knowledge and technology? This is an urgent problem that the School of Engineering at the University of Michigan–Dearborn and the College of Engineering at the University of Toledo are solving through their continuing education programs. This paper describes two successful approaches of how the problem is being addressed at the University of Michigan–Dearborn in close consultation with area industry (notably automobile manufacturers). The first mode is a non–credit semester course 'Math Review for Engineers Using Microcomputers', the second a three–day workshop 'Introduction to Computer–Aided Design (CAD)'.
Patterns of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF testing among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in the EU5.

637Background: In mid-2013, the requirement for mCRC patients treated with panitumumab changed from wild-type KRAS to wild-type RAS (KRAS and NRAS). The objective of this study was to describe patterns of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF testing among mCRC patients in the EU5 (United Kingdom (U.K.), Germany, France, Italy and Spain). Methods: This descriptive study utilized Oncology Analyzer data (IMS Health Oncology, Fairfield, CT, USA), which provides real-world quarterly cross-sectional, epidemiologic and clinical data for mCRC patients. Trends in biomarker testing during the study period were evaluated by calculating the frequencies and proportions of patients who were /were not tested for combinations of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF within each of the five countries. KRAS and BRAF data were available in all countries from quarter three (Q3) 2012 to quarter two (Q2) 2015. NRAS was available in all countries from quarter 1 (Q1) 2014 to Q2 2015. Frequencies and proportions were also calculated to summarize patient demograp...
Hybrid molecular/enzymatic catalytic cascade for complete electro-oxidation of glycerol using a promiscuous NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase from Candida boidinii

Glycerol is a common fuel considered for bioenergy applications. Computational docking studies were performed on formate dehydrogenase from Candida boidinii (cbFDH) that showed that mesoxalate can bind to the buried active site of the holo form predicting that mesoxalate, a byproduct of glycerol oxidation, may act as its substrate. Spectroscopic assays and characterization by HPLC and GC/TCD have shown for the first time that cbFDH can act as a decarboxylase with mesoxalate. From this assessment, cbFDH was combined with NH2-TEMPO to form a novel hybrid anode to oxidize glycerol to carbon dioxide at near-neutral pH.
Verfahren und Konfiguration einer energieorientierten Produktionssteuerung

Kurzfassung In Zeiten steigender Energiepreise suchen produzierende Unternehmen nach Strategien, um ihre Stromkosten zu reduzieren. Dieser Artikel stellt vor, wie sich die klassischen Aufgaben der ...
A propensity matched analysis of outcomes and long term survival in stented versus stentless valves

To compare the perioperative and long term survival after aortic valve replacement using stentless versus stented valves in a large cohort of patients grouped using propensity score matching. From 1991 to 2012, 4,563 patients underwent aortic valve replacement with stentless and stented valves at our institution. Propensity score matching identified 444 pairs using 13 independent variables: incidence of operation, smoking status, renal failure, hypertension, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic lung disease, ejection fraction, gender, age, valve status, and use of coronary artery bypass graft. Data were collected from our Society of Thoracic Surgeons database and the Social Security Death Index. Groups were compared using univariate and Kaplan-Meier analysis. The two groups demonstrated no significant differences for the 13 matching variables and the majority of 30-day outcomes (p > 0.05). The stented valve group showed a higher incidence of postoperative bleeding (3.6% vs 1.1%, p = 0.015), but a lower incidence of stroke (0.9% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.028). One, five, and 10-year survival was 95.0, 80.7, and 52.8% for stented and 93.2, 80.5, and 51.3% for stentless valves. Overall survival did not differ significantly between the two groups (p = 0.641). Stentless and stented valves had identical 30-day outcomes except for a higher postoperative incidence of bleeding and a lower incidence of stroke in the stented group. There was no significant difference in long term survival between valve types. Both valves may be used for aortic valve replacement with low morbidity and excellent long term survival.
Method preferences and test accuracy of antimicrobial susceptibility testing: updates from the College of Amercian Pathologists Microbiology Surveys Program.

Abstract Objective.—To summarize the antimicrobial susceptibility testing results from the College of American Pathologists (CAP) Microbiology Surveys Program for 2000. Specifically, the frequency of tests used and the quantitative and qualitative (susceptibility category) accuracy were assessed. Design.—The CAP Microbiology Surveys challenged subscribers in 2000 with 3 well-characterized organisms for antimicrobial susceptibility testing in pure culture. Each laboratory was to use the test method and reporting procedures routinely applied to patient samples. The strains were National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) quality control organisms with precisely defined antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and reproducibility. Results reported by participants (2685–2979/sample) were graded for categorical accuracy and quantitative performance by comparing reported minimal inhibitory concentrations (μg/mL) or zone diameters (mm) against quality control ranges published by the NCCLS. The appr...
Ultrasonic techniques for assessment of temperature and thermal damage

The use of diagnostic ultrasound as a tool for noninvasive temperature feedback, image guidance, and damage assessment is described. The physical principles allowing for such applications are discussed along with the underlying scattering models. It is shown that temperature changes on the order of 0.1 °C can be detected with a spatial resolution on the order of 1 mm. It is further shown that temperature variations can be tracked up to nearly 20 °C from baseline for relatively long durations. In addition to temperature feedback, the potential for using ultrasound for damage assessment is discussed. Finally, the latest efforts on new self-guided ultrasonic phased array systems for imaging and therapy are discussed. The paper is concluded with a discussion of the future directions that will ultimately define the role of diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound in the general area of image-guided surgery.
Abstract 181: A Systematic Review of Interventions to Increase tPA Administration

Introduction: Rates of tPA administration remain low nationally and globally despite its demonstrated efficacy. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to increase the rate of tPA administration. Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE to identify all studies (excluding case reports) published between 1995 and January 8, 2015 documenting interventions to increase the utilization of tPA. We screened each study with pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Design elements and study data were extracted from eligible studies. The principal summary measure was the percentage change in rate of tPA administration. Fixed and random effects meta-analytic models were built to summarize the effect of intervention compared to control as well as intervention subtypes. Results: Our search yielded 1457 results of which 25 met eligibility criteria. We identified 13 pre-post studies and 11 randomized or quasi-experimental studies. Included studies utilized EMS (n=14), telemedicine (n=6), and public education (n=5). Intervention settings included urban (n=13), rural (n=4), and combined (n=4). In a fixed effect model, tPA administration was significantly higher in the intervention arm across all studies that limited enrollment to ischemic stroke patients (n=14) with a risk ratio (RR) of 1.71. Interventions involving EMS were associated with an increased rate of tPA administration with a RR of 1.51, (95% CI: 1.43-1.59, p<0.0001); promoting public education RR = 2.62, (95% CI: 1.54-4.43, p<0.01); and utilizing telemedicine RR = 2.97, (95% CI: 2.61-3.39, p<0.0001). Conclusions: Interventions to increase tPA use appear to have considerable efficacy. Comparative inferences between intervention types are limited by small sample size and intervention heterogeneity. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Partners' Overestimation of Patients' Pain Severity: Relationships with Partners' Interpersonal Responses.

Objectives The present study examined whether concordance between patients' and their partners' reports of patient pain severity relates to partners' social support and behavioral responses in couples coping with chronic pain. Methods Fifty-two couples completed questionnaires about the patient's pain severity. Both dyad members also rated the partner's social support and negative, solicitous, and distracting responses toward the patient when in pain. Results Bivariate correlations showed moderate correspondence between patient and partner ratings of pain severity (r = 0.55) and negative (r = 0.46), solicitous (r = 0.47), and distracting responses (r = 0.53), but lower correspondence for social support (r = 0.28). Twenty-eight couples (54%) were concordant in their perceptions of patient pain; partners overestimated pain in 14 couples (27%), and partners underestimated pain in 10 couples (19%). Couple concordance in pain perceptions was not related to patients' reports; however, it significantly predicted partners' reports: Partners who overestimated pain reported giving more social support (β = 0.383, P = 0.016), fewer negative responses (β = -0.332, P = 0.029), and more solicitous responses (β = 0.438, P = 0.016) than partners who were in agreement or who underestimated pain. Discussion Partner overestimation of pain severity is associated with partner-reported but not with patient-reported support-related responses. This finding has important clinical implications for couple interventions in chronic pain.
Why Study Environmental Ethics

Ethics is a field in philosophy that focuses on explaining and defending judgments about right and wrong conduct. Ethicists use the method of ethical inquiry to examine value judgments critically, clarifying them and resolving conflicts among them. This chapter takes a brief tour of metaethics to orient us before delving into more specific questions about how to answer questions about environmental values. The chapter concludes with an introduction to environmental ethics, which addresses the need for and general outlines of an ethic that recognizes the value of nonhuman nature and our duties toward it.
Strategies for Enhancing Human Security in the Face of Global Change

This chapter takes as its starting point the proposition that the concept of security should not be limited exclusively to the geopolitical and military contexts, but should also recognize threats to human welfare associated with environmental change. The environmental threats that humanity faces differ in fundamental ways, such as immediacy, probability, predictability, and geographical scale, which have implications for the challenges they pose to policy makers. Four types of responses to environmental threats are distinguished: (a) prevention or limiting of environmental change; (b) avoidance of impacts; (c) defense against impacts; and (d) reaction to impacts. Key issues that arise in deciding upon response strategies are identified; these include economic costs, relative priorities, the possibility of exacerbating threats, impacts on other countries, responsibilities of industrial countries in assisting developing nations, cross-national differences in the perception of threats, and the role of nonstate actors.
Raised intracranial pressure. Diagnosis and management.

When intracranial hypertension is minimal to moderate in degree and insidious in onset, it may be asymptomatic. The clinical situation and the pathologic process responsible for the elevated pressure are the guides to selection of therapy.
Detection of breast cancer and cervical cancer. Teaching life habits

In the United States, annual deaths from breast cancer and cervical cancer outnumber deaths caused by all other types of gynecological cancer. Although early detection and intensive treatment can save the lives of a great number of victims, many Americans often fail to follow recommended detection procedures. The nurse practitioner's global approach and advanced level of knowledge allow her to intervene at all stages of care delivery, and consequently give her a key role in preventing these ailments. She is able to evaluate a client's state of health and the quality of health care offered to the clientele. She can explain to women the risk factors for cancer, design programs for early detection and intervention, and follow up on clients' treatments. By pointing out health care needs to the members of the care team, the nurse practitioner works toward improving care quality. She is called upon to defend women's interests in discussions likely to have an impact on the detection and treatment of breast cancer and cervical cancer.
Vascular malformation of the sphenoid and temporal bone: A diagnostic dilemma.

Abstract We present a rare case of a vascular anomaly of the sphenoid and temporal bones causing an expandable mass of the temporal region with dependent patient positioning and characteristic osseous changes on imaging. Initial diagnosis considerations included multiple myeloma (MM), fibrous dysplasia (FD), Paget's disease, lymphoma, meningoencephalocele (MEC), and vascular malformation (VaM). VaMs of the head and neck are rare and typically arise in the mandible and maxilla. However, this case demonstrates a unique finding of a VaM of the sphenoid and temporal bones with important radiological features to distinguish the diagnosis of vascular anomaly from other etiologies.
Blood transfusions increase the risk of venous thromboembolism following ventral hernia repair

Blood transfusions can affect the clotting cascade, leading to a hypercoagulable state. The association of a venous thromboembolic (VTE) event and perioperative blood transfusion has been identified previously in surgical patients, but not after ventral hernia repair (VHR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of VTE in VHR patients who receive a perioperative blood transfusion. The American College of Surgeons National Surgery Quality Improvement Program was queried for open (n = 34,687) and laparoscopic (n = 11,544) VHRs that occurred from 2013 to 2015. Regression analyses were used to determine factors predictive of VTE within 30-day post-operatively, the impact of bleeding requiring blood transfusion, and the influence of surgical approach on VTE. Post-operative VTE occurred in 246 (0.5%) VHR patients. Among those patients, 53.0% occurred after discharge. Increased age, operative time, and comorbidities increased the risk of VTE (p < 0.05). Controlling for surgical approach, perioperative blood transfusion increased the risk of VTE 10.2-fold (p < 0.0001) in open and 12.2-fold in laparoscopic VHR (p < 0.0001). Perioperative blood transfusions are associated with an increased rate of VTE following VHR, more than 50% of which occur after discharge. This study highlights the importance of identifying quality initiatives for at risk patients, including adequate VTE screening and potential prophylaxis for those who receive perioperative blood transfusions.
Essential global health competencies for baccalaureate nursing students in the United States: A mixed methods Delphi study.

Aims To reach consensus among experts on global health competencies for baccalaureate nursing students in the USA. Design A three-round modified Delphi study using a mixed methods research approach. Methods In the first round, the original list of competencies (Wilson et al., 2012, Journal of Professional Nursing, 28, 213-222) was revised based on prior research, a review of literature and the Nursing Global Health Competencies Framework developed by the fist author. Nine global health domains and 52 competencies were identified in Round One. In Round Two, two surveys were conducted for validation of the revised list of global health competencies using a group of six nurses with expertise in global health and baccalaureate nursing education, which produced modifications in the competencies used for the third phase of the study. In Round Three, 41 participants completed a survey to rate the extent to which they thought the competencies obtained in Round Two were essential for baccalaureate nursing education in the United States. Data collection took place from May 2017 - January 2018. Results A group of experts in global health and baccalaureate nursing education from the United States achieved consensus that 40 global health competencies were essential for baccalaureate nursing education in the United States. Conclusion and impact The domains and competencies derived in this study can be used to guide undergraduate nursing curriculum development in global health and provide a framework for both clinical instruction and evaluation of global health student experiences.
Quantification of azaarenes, hydroxylated azaarene derivatives, and other polar compounds released in urban runoff from two commercial sealcoat products

Sealcoat is an emulsified coating product applied to asphalt to protect against surface weathering. Sealcoat products contain coal-tar (CT) or petroleum-derived residues and are a recognized source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban areas. Although the toxicity of urban runoff from CT-sealed asphalt is established, chemical characterization has focused more on PAHs and alkylated derivatives and less on polar transformation products. In this study, solid-phase extraction (SPE) was used to concentrate dissolved (<0.2 μm) species in runoff collected from asphalt surfaces sealed with CT pitch or steam-cracked petroleum (SCP) residues. CT-sealed surfaces released a 20-fold greater concentration of SPE-extractable compounds in runoff compared to SCP-sealed surfaces. Representative compounds were sorted into four groups: nitrogen heterocycles (azaarenes) and other oxygen- and sulfur-containing species (N HET); hydroxylated N heterocycles (hydroxylated N HET); the nonionic surfactant 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol (TMDD); and styrene-acrylonitrile polymer byproducts (SAN Trimer). Species concentrations and weathering-related disappearance behavior differed among the four subgroups. While hydroxylated N HET concentrations decreased by 94% in runoff from CT-sealed surfaces 60 h after sealcoat application, SAN Trimer concentrations in CT and SCP runoff increased over time as polymerization progressed, illustrating the complex changes the chemicals in sealcoat undergo as it cures under environmentally-relevant conditions. Overall, this study shows that urban runoff collected from CT-sealed and SCP-sealed asphalt surfaces is a potential source of water-soluble contaminants with unknown long-term ecotoxicological effects to aquatic systems.
Exploring the affordances of Bayesian networks for modeling usable knowledge and knowledge use in teaching

In this article we propose the use of Bayesian networks as a potentially promising way to model usable knowledge. Using the Classroom Video Analysis (CVA and CVA-M) assessments as a lab model for studying teachers’ usable knowledge, we first explored whether we can identify the knowledge (pieces) underlying teachers’ written responses. In the CVA approach we ask teachers to respond to short video clips of authentic classroom instruction based on different prompts that are designed to simulate common teaching tasks. We then explored the affordances of Bayesian networks to functionally model usable knowledge as an interconnected dynamic knowledge system consisting of different knowledge pieces and connected pathways weighted by situation-specific relevance and applicability. We explore the implications of these models for studying the development and growth of usable knowledge and propose the use of Bayesian networks as a novel and potentially promising way to model usable knowledge and for understanding how knowledge is used in teaching.
Increasing Willingness to Use Synthetic Drugs if Offered among Electronic Dance Music Party Attendees, 2017–2019

Intention and willingness to use drugs are proximal predictors of drug use; however, willingness to use requires more research to inform prevention efforts. This study examines willingness to use d...
Peeking Inside the Black Box: NMR Metabolomics for Optimizing Cell-Free Protein Synthesis

When considering materials synthesis techniques for aerospace materials, cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) may seem unconventional and futuristic to many aerospace researchers. CFPS has been utilized by biochemists to produce a variety of chemicals and therapeutics. While CFPS has spawned research in the biochemistry and medical communities, relatively little has been dedicated to aerospace materials. CFPS can be harnessed to produce aerospace materials that may be difficult to produce via traditional means or have a dwindling feedstock, such as petroleum-based materials, with alternative carbon sources. This chapter will explore the black box nature of CFPS reactions by analyzing the CFPS reactions in situ with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The aim of this research is to ascertain the metabolic features of the cell lysates that could lead to an eventual protocol for batch quality control, easing the industrial scale-up of CFPS.
A study of environmental disclosures practices in Chinese energy industry

In 2016, China increased sustainability practices among companies listed on China’s stock market, making environmental regulations one of their integral policies. This states that highly polluting industries like the energy industry are required to comply with the sustainability requirements set. Concerning this event, research was conducted in 2016 to 2017, on the development of environmental disclosure (ED) practices in China and the impact of different variables on environmental disclosure index (EDI). Focusing on 150 energy companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchange, the findings show that if the company had a better ROA, firm size, leverage and environmental accreditation certificate, they would like to publish more relevant environmental information.
Near net shape fabrication of anisotropic Fe-6.5%Si soft magnetic materials

Abstract Efficient and cost-effective soft magnetic materials (SMMs) are essential for accelerating the adoption of electric vehicles and the sustainable growth of renewable electricity. While amorphous and nanocrystalline SMMs offer remarkably low magnetic losses, their poor mechanical properties, limited availability in size and shape (particularly ribbon widths), and high cost prevent them from widespread industrial application. Here, we show that ductile Fe-6.5%Si 2-D flakes could be used as building blocks for making high performance bulk SMMs. This approach bypasses the brittleness problem and creates a new morphology and a new fabrication method for the SMMs with improved energy efficiency and lower processing cost. Ductile Fe-6.5%Si flakes are mass-produced by melt spinning and are then consolidated to bulk SMMs with a brick-wall type of structure. The novel process introduces anisotropic electrical and magnetic properties and enables near net shape processing. Resulting Fe-6.5%Si thin sheets display low iron loss (W10/400 = 6.1 W/kg) and high permeability (µr = 28,000), which are comparable to the current state of the art high silicon steel. CaF2 coating reduces the iron losses for thick Fe-6.5%Si parts. Polymer coated Fe-6.5%Si flake cores show potential for high power inductors with greater permeability and lower losses than traditional powder cores.
A first genomic portrait of the Florida stone crab Menippe mercenaria: Genome size, mitochondrial chromosome, and repetitive elements

The Florida stone crab, Menippe mercenaria, is an ecologically relevant species in shallow water hard-bottom environments and a target of a profitable fishery in the western Atlantic. Using low coverage short Illumina 250bp pair-end reads sequencing, this study reports, for the first time, the genome size, mitochondrial chromosome, and nuclear repetitive elements, including microsatellites, in M. mercenaria. The average haploid genome size estimated using a k-mer approach was 33 Mbp which is smaller than the 1.76 Gbp size estimated using static cell fluorometry. The mitochondrial genome of M. mercenaria is 15,644bp in length and comprised of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes. Repetitive elements constituted ~83.5% of the nuclear genome while ~16.5% of the genome represented single- or low-copy sequences. A large portion of repetitive sequences could not be assigned to known repeat element families. Considering only annotated repetitive elements, the most ubiquitous belonged to Class I-LINE and Class I-LTR-Ty-3/Gypsy elements. A total of 66 SSRs were identified. These newly developed genomic resources will contribute to the better understanding of meta-population connectivity, hybridization with the congeneric M. adina, and putative genomic mechanisms involved in the acclimatization and adaptation to climate change of the Florida stone crab.
Separable roles for RanGTP in nuclear and ciliary trafficking of a kinesin-2 subunit

Abstract Kinesin is part of the microtubule (MT)-binding motor protein superfamily, which exerts crucial functions in cell division and intracellular transport in different organelles. The heterotrimeric kinesin-2, consisting of the kinesin like protein KIF3A/3B heterodimer and kinesin-associated protein KAP3, is highly conserved across species from the green alga Chlamydomonas to humans. It plays diverse roles in cargo transport including anterograde (base to tip) trafficking in cilium. However, the molecular determinants mediating trafficking of heterotrimeric kinesin-2 itself is poorly understood. Using the unicellular eukaryote Chlamydomonas and mammalian cells, we show that RanGTP regulates ciliary trafficking of KAP3. We found the armadillo repeat region 6-9 (ARM6-9) of KAP3, required for its nuclear translocation, is sufficient for its targeting to the ciliary base. Given that KAP3 is essential for cilia formation and the emerging roles of RanGTP/importin β in ciliary protein targeting, we further investigate the effect of RanGTP in cilium length regulation in these two different systems. We demonstrate that precise control of RanGTP levels, revealed by different Ran mutants, is crucial for cilium formation and maintenance. Most importantly, we were able to segregate RanGTP regulation of ciliary protein incorporation from of its nuclear roles. Our work provides important support for the model that nuclear import mechanisms have been coopted for independent roles in ciliary import.
Highly Conductive PEO-Based Polymer Electrolyte for Na Battery Applications

State-of-the-art Li- or Na-ion batteries typically use organic solvents in the electrolytes, which might cause serious safety issues. Replacing the liquid electrolytes with nonflammable, dense solid-state electrolytes can potentially solve this problem. Among all types of solid electrolytes, PEO-based polymer electrolytes (PBPEs) have attracted extensive attentions owing to their excellent flexibility, chemical stability, and easiness for processing. However, their relatively low ionic conductivities limit the applications in batteries. Here, we reported our recent progress to develop a class of highly conductive PBPEs for Na battery applications. Through addition of a moderate amount of ionic liquid (e.g., EMITFSI) to PEO, a significant amount of amorphous phase was detected in the polymer, which is critical to achieve high ionic conduction. Addition of 5~15 wt.% NaTFSI to the composite further increased the content of the amorphous phase and eventually led to a nearly 100% amorphous. The total ionic conductivities of the PBPE with 15 wt.% NaTFSI were as high as 0.59 and 2.07 x 10-3 S/cm at RT and 50oC, respectively, which is significantly higher than those of traditional PBPEs. In this study, the electrochemical, chemical, and mechanical properties and performance of the PBPEs have been thoroughly investigated, which indicated this type of PBPEs is very promising as a membrane for all-solid-state Na battery applications.
Actively Keeping Secrets from Creditors: Evidence from The Uniform Trade Secrets Act

We find that an increase in a firm’s incentives to use trade secrets to protect its intellectual property results in a more actively managed capital structure. Exploiting U.S. states’ adoption of the Uniform Trade Secrets Act as a positive “shock” in the protection afforded to trade secrets, we find that firms covered by the Act reduce debt levels while increasing investments in intangibles. Additional tests suggest that firms fund these financing and investment activities by issuing more equity. Consistent with an increase in overall intangibility magnifying contracting problems with creditors, we find that covered firms experience higher costs of debt.
Outcomes After TIPS for Ascites and Variceal Bleeding in a Contemporary Era-An ALTA Group Study.

Introduction Advances in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) technology have led to expanded use. We sought to characterize contemporary outcomes of TIPS by common indications. Methods This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study using data from the Advancing Liver Therapeutic Approaches study group among adults with cirrhosis who underwent TIPS for ascites/hepatic hydrothorax (ascites/HH) or variceal bleeding (2010-2015). Adjusted competing risk analysis was used to assess post-TIPS mortality or liver transplantation (LT). Results Among 1,129 TIPS recipients, 58% received TIPS for ascites/HH and 42% for variceal bleeding. In patients who underwent TIPS for ascites/HH, the subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) for death was similar across all Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Sodium (MELD-Na) categories with an increasing sHR with rising MELD-Na. In patients with TIPS for variceal bleeding, MELD-Na ≥20 was associated with increased hazard for death, whereas MELD-Na ≥22 was associated with LT. In a multivariate analysis, serum creatinine was most significantly associated with death (sHR 1.2 per mg/dL, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.4 and 1.37, 95% CI 1.08-1.73 in ascites/HH and variceal bleeding, respectively). Bilirubin and international normalized ratio were most associated with LT in ascites/HH (sHR 1.23, 95% CI 1.15-1.3; sHR 2.99, 95% CI 1.76-5.1, respectively) compared with only bilirubin in variceal bleeding (sHR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.13). Discussion MELD-Na has differing relationships with patient outcomes dependent on TIPS indication. These data provide new insights into contemporary predictors of outcomes after TIPS.
The Role of Social Support in Diabetes Self-Management Activities Among African-Americans.

Understanding the association between social support and diabetes self-management activities in low income African-Americans provides knowledge for increasing culturally competent care. Diabetes mellitus poses a huge socioeconomic burden on the African-American population. Diabetes self-management is a complex process that requires the ability to manage symptoms, treatment, and physical and psychosocial changes in lifestyle. Norbeck's Social Support Questionnaire (NSSQ) and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSA) were used to examine the relationships between types and strengths of social support and selected diabetes self-care activities (e.g., diet, exercise, daily blood sugar testing, foot care, medications) in a random sample of 85 adult African-Americans with diabetes. Results of this study show inconsistent associations between social support and diabetes self-management activities. Significant positive correlations were found between participants washing their feet and emotional support, instrumental support, and functional support, r = .255, .253, .257 (ps < 0.05). However, the self-care activity of foot care was negatively associated with emotional social support, r = -.220, p (two-tailed) = .043 and total functional support, r = .214, p (two-tailed) = 0.05.
Social Networking with a Purpose

Online dating sites are growing steadily in popularity, despite challenging economic times. In addition, online dating sites are facing increasing competition for their services from free social networking sites. Despite these harsh economic times and the increasing competition, online dating websites have continued to increase in popularity. This growth justifies the need to better understand how these volitional and paid websites have been so successful. By addressing the call for research in emergent information systems (IS) contexts, this study proposes a theoretical framework for investigation in a purely volitional website context. A framework based on the DeLone and McLean's IS success model is developed. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
Detection of K-complexes and sleep spindles (DETOKS) using sparse optimization.

Abstract Background This paper addresses the problem of detecting sleep spindles and K-complexes in human sleep EEG. Sleep spindles and K-complexes aid in classifying stage 2 NREM human sleep. New method We propose a non-linear model for the EEG, consisting of a transient, low-frequency, and an oscillatory component. The transient component captures the non-oscillatory transients in the EEG. The oscillatory component admits a sparse time–frequency representation. Using a convex objective function, this paper presents a fast non-linear optimization algorithm to estimate the components in the proposed signal model. The low-frequency and oscillatory components are used to detect K-complexes and sleep spindles respectively. Results and comparison with other methods The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using an online EEG database. The F1 scores for the spindle detection averaged 0.70 ± 0.03 and the F1 scores for the K-complex detection averaged 0.57 ± 0.02. The Matthews Correlation Coefficient and Cohen's Kappa values were in a range similar to the F1 scores for both the sleep spindle and K-complex detection. The F1 scores for the proposed method are higher than existing detection algorithms. Conclusions Comparable run-times and better detection results than traditional detection algorithms suggests that the proposed method is promising for the practical detection of sleep spindles and K-complexes.
Fred Hoyle, Red Giants and beyond

The impact of Fred Hoyle’s work on the structure and evolution of red giants, particularly his breakthrough contribution with Martin Schwarzschild (1955), is described and assessed. Working with his students in the early 1960s, Hoyle presented new physical ways of understanding some of the approximations used, and results obtained, in that seminal paper. His initial viewpoint on the critical role of the outer surface boundary condition was replaced by a more subtle, if related one, which emphasized the peculiar difficulty of storing much mass outside a dense stellar core. That viewpoint that — low-mass red giants are essentially white dwarfs with a serious mass-storage problem — is still extremely fruitful.
Thermal Reactions of RuCO)3(C2H4)2 with Acrylic, Non-Conjugated Dienes and Photochemistry of Ru(CO)4(eta squared-diene) Complexes

Abstract : We wish to report the photochemistry of Ru(CO)4 (ETA squared-diene) (diene = 1,4-pentadiene, 3-methyl-1,4-pentadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene) complexes and the thermal reaction of Ru(CO)3(C2H4)2 with these dienes. We and others have previously reported the photochemical generation of catalytic intermediates at low temperatures as a means of investigating reactions of alkene complexes. In particular, we examined the photoassisted alkene isomerization catalysts derived from Fe(CO)5 and Ru3(CO)12.10-13. The key intermediate, HM(CO)3(eta3-C3H5), can be observed spectroscopically in a low temperature matrix. However, the absence of synthetic routes to M(CO)n(non- conjugated diene) complexes has hindered mechanistic studies of transition metal carbonyl catalyzed isomerization of non-conjugated dienes. Pentadienes.
Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility of Rats Receiving the Thermostable Plasma Erythropoietic Factor

1. The thermostable erythropoietic factor in "anemic" rabbit plasma stimulates cellular division of marrow erythrocytic precursors in the normal rat producing erythrocytosis due to microcytes without evidence of augmented hemoglobin synthesis. 2. Study of erythrocyte osmotic behavior in these animals with a quantitative photocolorimetric method failed to demonstrate significant variation from the controls. 3. Osmotic fragility determinations by a direct cell enumeration technic revealed decreased resistance of the microcytes to lysis in hypotonic sodium chloride solutions. 4. It is concluded from these data that the erythrocytes in the normal rat injected with the heat stable plasma erythropoietic factor comprise two distinct cell types. They are microcytes with shortened survival times and normal erythrocytes. 5. The decreased viability of these microcytes is the apparent explanation for the rapid re-establishment of normal erythrocytic equilibrium after the "anemic" plasma extract injections are stopped.
Damage limited to the hippocampal region produces long-lasting memory impairment in monkeys

Research in humans and monkeys has demonstrated a system of anatomically related structures in the medial temporal lobe that is important for memory function. This system is comprised of the hippocampal region (i.e., the dentate gyrus, hippocampus proper and subicular complex) and the entorhinal, perirhinal, and parahippocampal cortices. While the hippocampal region has long been thought to be important in memory, there are few systematic studies in primates of the effects on memory of damage limited to the hippocampal region. We have used magnetic resonance imaging techniques, together with a stereotaxic approach, to produce bilateral lesions limited to the hippocampal region (the H lesion). Damage to the adjacent perirhinal, entorhinal, and parahippocampal cortex was minimal. Monkeys with the H lesion exhibited significant and long-lasting impairment on the delayed non-matching to sample task. At the same time, on this and other amnesia-sensitive tasks, monkeys with the H lesion performed better overall than monkeys with lesions of the hippocampal region that also included damage to the adjacent entorhinal and parahippocampal cortices (the H+ lesion). These findings show that, first, the hippocampal region itself is essential for normal memory function; and second, the adjacent entorhinal and parahippocampal cortices, either alone or in combination, are also an essential component of the medial temporal lobe memory system.
A quantitative assessment of the role of the chaperonin proteins in protein folding in vivo.

In vitro the chaperonin proteins, GroEL and GroES, facilitate the folding of some other proteins under conditions where that process does not occur spontaneously. Using values drawn from a number of such in vitro studies, together with the known rates of in vivo protein synthesis by Escherichia coli and the known quantities of GroEL and GroES in E. coli, an assessment of the general role of these proteins in protein folding in vivo has been made. Three specific cases are examined, where compelling evidence points to the involvement of the chaperonins; the in vivo folding of the bacteriophage coat protein during the burst phase of phage morphogenesis and of Rubisco during chloroplast development and during expression of recombinant Rubisco in E. coli. In each case the maximum in vitro rates are nearly sufficient to account for the observed in vivo rates of formation of the native protein. However, in general, there appears to be sufficient GroEL and GroES to facilitate the folding of no more than 5% of all...
Exercise technetium-99m myocardial tomography for the risk stratification of men with medically treated unstable angina pectoris

Abstract The prognostic value of predischarge maximal exercise stress testing with technetium-99m sestamibi (MIBI) myocardial tomography was assessed in 126 consecutive men hospitalized with a diagnosis of unstable angina pectoris who were medically stabilized. None had coronary revascularization for ≤6 months after testing. Over a mean follow-up of 12 ± 7 months (range 1 to 29), 35 patients (28%) had a cardiac event—nonfatal acute myocardial infarction (n = 6), cardiac death (n = 5), or rehospitalization for unstable angina (n = 24). Any type of cardiac event occurred in 12% of patients with normal MIBI scans, compared with 39% of those with an abnormal MIBI scan (p
Exploring the impact of social class on adjustment to college: Anna’s story

The purpose of this instrumental case study (Stake, 2003) is to explore the role of social class in student adjustment to the college environment. The story of Anna is presented to illustrate how social class impacts on the ability of students to participate in campus life and engage in their academic work. Anna’s story is interpreted through the lens of research that examines the role of social class in the choices and experiences of college students, as well as through Bourdieu’s (1977, 1987, 1993) ideas of social class reproduction. This paper contributes to the conversation about how higher education institutions respond to the needs of an increasingly diverse student population that includes working‐class students, students of color and first‐generation college students like Anna.
Imitation of Actions with Objects: The Role of Social Meaning

Abstract The effect of meaningfulness of modeled acts on imitation by infants was investigated by comparing imitation of four acts, each carried out with a socially appropriate and an inappropriate object. A total of 40 infants, equally divided between 7 1/2-, 10-, 16-, and 22-month-old groups, were videotaped in play with a set of toys and while imitating actions carried out with objects. Imitation was found to increase with age. The two middle groups imitated acts with socially appropriate objects more frequently, while the 22-month-olds imitated acts with both types of objects about equally. Simple familiar acts were imitated most by the youngest group, but were imitated much like acts with inappropriate objects by the older children. It was suggested that meaningfulness rather than familiarity is probably the important dimension affecting occurrence of imitation during middle infancy.
A purple ulcer.

Author(s): Canders, Caleb Patrick; Weinberg, Jennifer J | Abstract: [West J Emerg Med. 2014;15(4):366.]