cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
MYTHOLOGICAL-SYMBOLIC RELIGIOUS COMMITMENT: THE LAM SCALES

The LAM scales permit the measurement of three religious meaning-commitment possibilities (Literal, Anti-literal, and Mythological) rather than the usual fundamentalisticliteralistic type of commitment which many single scales tend to measure. Twenty-five items consisting of three alternatives each, based upon McLean (1952), were given to 173 college students. The LAM scales consist of the 17 items which were retained on the basis of substantial item-scale correlations of each item alternative on its respective scale. Ways are discussed in which multiple scales like the LAM would force reinterpretation of studies of religious changes in college students and of research on the relation of religion to socialpersonality variables such as prejudice and hostility. A persistent flaw in studies of religious belief and commitment is the bias of the measuring instruments toward a literal-fundamentalistic interpretation of Protestant Christianity. This literal-fundamentalistic bias, although not deliberate in most instances, results from the way in which measuring instruments are typically constructed with a single statement to which the subject must respond with true-false, agree-disagree, or other variations of these essentially unidimensional response formats. Some of the issues which underlie this methodological problem of the disjunction between theological conceptualization and empirical measurement of religious commitment have been succinctly stated by Dittes. "What is your attitude toward the church?" Well, the church . . . is a divine institution, God's chosen instrument for the salvation of men; and the church is a self-serving institutional sham impeding men's search for spiritual salvation. The same man, whether he be Kierkegaard or Bonhoeffer or Tillich or Rahner or Brunner or the Niebuhrs, in effect chooses items from opposite ends of a Thurstone scale. . . . The church, conceptualized as it is really meant to be, is affirmed. But the church, as it is manifested in ways that researchers and others assume to manifest these conceptions, is repudiated (Dittes, 1969, p. 68). Unknowingly, the researcher has already included in the items of his scale implications and assumptions relating to hermeneutics, exegesis, teleology, eschatology, ontology, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics and metaethics, and many more theological and philosophical fields. It is rare for the researcher to ask his respondents how they perceived his favorite item statements. It is even more unusual for scientific researchers to collaborate in extended depth with equally well-qualified theologians and philosophers in editing statements about religion to provide a sample of the full range of theological and philosophical positions in his inventory.
Transplantability of induced granulosa cell tumors and of luteoma in mice; secondary effects of these growths.

SummaryEleven ovarian tumors, induced by X-rays have been transmitted in successive passages. Eight were of the granulosa cell types, 2 were luteomas and one was a tubular adenoma. Histological changes indicate that cells of Strain III secrete estrogens. Mice bearing tumors of this strain also have a cavernous dilatation of the sinusoids of liver, spleen and adrenals. In mice bearing large luteoma of Strain IX there is profound atrophy of the adrenal cortex.
Eulerian and Lagrangian methods for coherent structure analysis in both computational and experimental data

There are a variety of tools and methods available to identify and investigate coherent structures in a range of vortex-dominated uid ows, from both computational and experimental data. Eulerian criteria, which use the instantaneous velocity eld and its gradient, are less computationally intensive and give a good indication of the vortex cores, but the de nition of vortices can be subjective and they do not capture structure boundaries. Lagrangian techniques calculate criteria values along particle trajectories, making them more computationally expensive, but they yield objective structure boundaries. For a thorough investigation of both numerically simulated and experimentally measured vortexdominated ows, inclusion of both techniques can provide the most information. Using the Lagrangian techniques, however, necessitate a careful consideration of the spatial and temporal resolution of the data to be analyzed. This is demonstrated with results from both simulation and experiments of a circular cylinder in crossow, direct numerical simulation of a fully turbulent channel, and Large Eddy Simulation of a turbulent jet.
Application of taboo-search to slope stability analysis

Based on taboo search and limit equilibrium analysis for slope stability analysis,a new effective global searching method, taboo search for computing minimal safety factor is presented;and a corresponding model is built.This method can simultaneously determine the minimum safety factor and the corresponding critical slip surface.The proposed method is applied to the slopes stability analysis of different geometry and layering slopes.The results show that the method can get rid of the local minimization and search the global minimum safety factor of slopes.
Postoperative danazol therapy in infertility patients with severe endometriosis

The value of perioperative medical therapy in the management of infertility patients with severe endometriosis is uncertain. Previous reports of pre- or postlaparotomy danazol provide no clear direction regarding efficacy. Of 200 consecutive cases of severe endometriosis, 138 infertility patients were selected for study. One hundred nineteen patients, the control group, had laparotomy alone; 19 had laparotomy followed immediately by danazol therapy. The pregnancy rate in the control group was 30% (36/119) versus 79% (15/19) in the study group, ( P
Purification and Characterization of a Rabbit Serum Factor That Kills Listeria Species and Other Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens.

Abstract In an in-vitro assay, rabbit serum, but not human serum, killed Listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne pathogen. The aim of our study was to purify and partially characterize this killing factor. Listericidin was purified from rabbit serum by a single-step ion-exchange chromatography with DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and its antimicrobial activity was assessed by a microdilution method. Listericidin is a protein with a molecular weight of 9 kDa and an isoelectric point of 8.1. It kills L. monocytogenes at 4°C, 25°C, and 37°C, and its activity is resistant to heat (boiling) and acidic conditions (pH <2). Listericidin's activity is inhibited by sodium chloride and various growth media, is sensitive to proteolytic enzymes and is enhanced by calcium chloride, and is neutralized by monoclonal antibodies to human complement C3a. However, the listericidin reacts weakly with these antibodies in an ELISA. The first 33 N-terminal residues of listericidin (SVQLTEKRMDKVGQYTNKELRKXXEDGMRDNPM) have homology to various comp...
Breast cancer risk prediction using a clinical risk model and polygenic risk score

Breast cancer risk assessment can inform the use of screening and prevention modalities. We investigated the performance of the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC) risk model in combination with a polygenic risk score (PRS) comprised of 83 single nucleotide polymorphisms identified from genome-wide association studies. We conducted a nested case–control study of 486 cases and 495 matched controls within a screening cohort. The PRS was calculated using a Bayesian approach. The contributions of the PRS and variables in the BCSC model to breast cancer risk were tested using conditional logistic regression. Discriminatory accuracy of the models was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Increasing quartiles of the PRS were positively associated with breast cancer risk, with OR 2.54 (95 % CI 1.69–3.82) for breast cancer in the highest versus lowest quartile. In a multivariable model, the PRS, family history, and breast density remained strong risk factors. The AUROC of the PRS was 0.60 (95 % CI 0.57–0.64), and an Asian-specific PRS had AUROC 0.64 (95 % CI 0.53–0.74). A combined model including the BCSC risk factors and PRS had better discrimination than the BCSC model (AUROC 0.65 versus 0.62, p = 0.01). The BCSC-PRS model classified 18 % of cases as high-risk (5-year risk ≥3 %), compared with 7 % using the BCSC model. The PRS improved discrimination of the BCSC risk model and classified more cases as high-risk. Further consideration of the PRS’s role in decision-making around screening and prevention strategies is merited.
Does Manufacturing Matter for Economic Growth in the Era of Globalization

This study adjudicates between two competing perspectives regarding the importance of manufacturing employment for economic growth with the onset of the most recent round of economic globalization. Established economic theories link shifts toward industrial activities to higher growth due to increases in aggregate productivity. While some scholars argue that the global restructuring of manufacturing in the era of globalization presents novel opportunities for development in the South, others suggest that the importance of manufacturing employment for economic growth in less developed countries declines during this period as competitive pressures increase and barriers to entry decline. I use difference models and a broad sample of both developed and less developed countries in the time period 1970–2010 to examine the effects of manufacturing share of employment on economic growth and how these effects have changed over time. First, I find that manufacturing employment has strong positive effects on economic growth net of neoclassical controls for all countries. Second, I find that for less developed countries, the importance of manufacturing share of employment for growth has declined through the course of the time period studied, particularly after 1990. In contrast, my results do not show a similar decline for developed countries. These findings are robust across alternative estimation strategies. I conclude by considering the theoretical implications of these results.
Preparing for smallpox: occupational health nursing update.

Smallpox has plagued humans for thousands of years. Although smallpox has been eliminated as an active disease in humans, there is a threat that terrorist organizations or nations could use smallpox as a weapon against the population of the United States. The U.S. government has recognized this threat and has asked the CDC to prepare for such a possibility. A plan to identify, treat, and vaccinate the population in any area of the country where an outbreak of smallpox might occur has been developed and is being implemented. The CDC plan calls for rapid response by local, state, and federal response teams. Preparation of these teams is currently underway. Parts of the CDC plan, including educating and screening individuals who may be part of the response teams, vaccinating personnel, and following up with the vaccinated personnel, are activities consistent with the occupational health nurse's role.
Optimizing Kinect® Depth Sensing Using Dynamic Polarization

The Microsoft Kinect® provides a low-cost solution for measuring distance; however, it has poor performance in bright light conditions. The focus of this project is to design a system to autonomously adjust a pair of polarizing filters in order to effectively utilize the Kinect®'s depth measurement capabilities in different lighting conditions, including outdoor applications. A system designed to dynamically change the orientation of the polarizing filters to select the optimal depth image, without manual adjustment, is the novel contribution of this work. Our approach involves a feedback loop that allows the system to autonomously determine which filter position results in the best image and rotates the filter automatically. Furthermore, the system can perform these tasks periodically over time as light conditions change. This system captured images of objects at various distances from the sensor in different lighting conditions to determine the system performance. Our experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness of dynamically adjusted polarization filters to actively select the best depth image, even in environments challenging for the Kinect®.
The effect of the electrode resistance on the performance of code-multiplexed resistive pulse sensing

Microfluidic Coded Orthogonal Detection by Electrical Sensing (Microfluidic CODES) is a technology that can be used to code-multiplex a large number of electrical sensors on a microfluidic device, so that the spatiotemporal information from suspended particles on the device can be obtained from a single electrical waveform. In this paper, we focus on the scaling of the Microfluidic CODES technology. We specifically investigate the effect of surface electrode resistance on the device performance using an equivalent circuit model and experiments with cell suspensions. Based on our analysis, we design and demonstrate an optimized device with improved performance. Taken together, our results show that electrode resistance is an important design parameter for large scale sensor network design in Microfluidic CODES.
Pneumococcal Vaccination Among Adults With Work-related Asthma.

Introduction Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for all adults with asthma and a Healthy People 2020 goal aims to achieve 60% coverage among high-risk adults, including those with asthma. Adults with work-related asthma have more severe asthma symptoms than those with non−work-related asthma and are particularly vulnerable to pneumococcal pneumonia. Methods To assess pneumococcal vaccination coverage by work-related asthma status among ever-employed adults aged 18–64 years with current asthma, data from the 2012–2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Asthma Call-back Survey for ever-employed adults (18–64 years) with current asthma from 29 states were examined in 2016. Adults with work-related asthma had ever been told by a physician their asthma was work-related. Pneumococcal vaccine recipients self-reported having ever received a pneumococcal vaccine. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios and associated 95% CIs. Results Among an estimated 12 million ever-employed adults with current asthma in 29 states, 42.0% received a pneumococcal vaccine. Adults with work-related asthma were more likely to have received a pneumococcal vaccine than adults with non−work-related asthma (53.7% versus 35.0%, respectively, prevalence ratio=1.24, 95% CI=1.06, 1.45). Among adults with work-related asthma, pneumococcal vaccine coverage was lowest among Hispanics (36.2%) and those without health insurance (38.5%). Conclusions Pneumococcal vaccination coverage among adults with work-related asthma and non−work-related asthma is below the Healthy People 2020 target level. Healthcare providers should verify pneumococcal vaccination status in their patients with asthma and offer the vaccine to those not vaccinated.
Left Ventricular Isovolumetric Relaxation Time Is Prolonged in Fetal Long-QT Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Long-QT syndrome (LQTS), an inherited cardiac repolarization disorder, is an important cause of fetal and neonatal mortality. Detecting LQTS prenatally is challenging. A fetal heart rat ...
Role of Fractionated Fat in Blending the Lid-Cheek Junction.

Background Fat grafting has been used extensively in plastic surgery in the past two decades. Here, the authors report the retrospective comparison of patients who underwent fractionated fat injection to blend the lid-cheek junction with those who had regular fat injection. Methods After obtaining institutional review board approval, a retrospective review of patients who underwent lower blepharoplasty with fractionated fat injection for blending the lid-cheek junction from January of 2014 through October of 2015 was performed. The results were compared to those of lower blepharoplasty patients who did not have fractionated fat injected before January of 2014. Twelve prospectively selected patients underwent histopathologic and gene expression comparisons. Results A comparison of complications between the two groups revealed no significant differences. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the two groups for sequelae of fractionated fat injection and regular fat injection. The gene expression analysis of the fractionated and regular fat did not show any difference between undifferentiated and differentiated cells. In addition, Oil Red O staining of the fractionated and regular fat after differentiation showed that cells from both fat groups differentiated equally well. Conclusions Fractionated fat injection appears to be a safe addition in blending the lid-cheek junction in the five-step lower blepharoplasty. There is no fat nodule formation with injection of fractionated fat injection compared with injection of regular fat performed superficially in the tear trough area. Contrary to what has previously been shown, the presence of viable cells in fractionated fat was noted. Clinical question/level of evidence Therapeutic, III.
Biodeterioration of Man-Made Textiles in Various Soil Environments

According to the Locard Exchange Principle, when two surfaces come into contact there will be an exchange of material across the contact face. This material is generally referred to as trace evidence. Trace evidence can include fragments of broken glass, soil material, paint, hair, clothing fibers or any other type of material that the perpetrator of a crime leaves at the scene or carries away with him. In criminal cases, this evidence is commonly used as a means of associating a suspect with the victim scene of the crime (DeForest et al., 1983).
Wakefield Acceleration: Concepts and Machines

An introduction of the basic concepts of wakefields and wake potentials is presented in Richard K. Cooper’s paper “Wake Fields: Limitations and Possibilities” in these proceedings. In this lecture we explore the possibility of using wakefield concepts to accelerate electrons and positrons to the high energies required by the next generation of linear colliders.
Lessons of History: Successive Challenges to Science Policy

What have been the driving forces for the establishment of government R&D priorities in the principal nations, and how have these evolved to the present time? What, if anything, can we learn from this history about how they are likely to evolve in the future? Does history suggest an asymptotic approach to a steady state or, instead, a series of challenges or waves of fresh problems that elicit new responses from governments and corresponding readjustments of scientific priorities, and surges or recessions in budgets for science? To what extent, as a result of this, is cyclic behavior likely to persist into the future? If it does, what are the new challenges most likely to generate future resurgences of activity in science and technology? Are there any natural or inherent limits to the fraction of GNP or the percentage of the work force likely to be devoted to R&D or, equally importantly, “downstream” technical activities in the future?
Characterization of First-Semester Organic Chemistry Peer-Led Team Learning and Cyber Peer-Led Team Learning Students’ Use and Explanation of Electron-Pushing Formalism

The purpose of this parallel convergent mixed methods study was to characterize organic chemistry students’ expression of electron-pushing formalism skills who had participated in peer-led team learning (PLTL) and cyber peer-led team learning (cPLTL), a synchronous online version of peer-led team learning (PLTL) workshops. A new electron-pushing formalism analytic framework was developed from a review of the literature in addition to analysis of students’ interview artifacts, using a constant-comparison process. Utilization of this new electron-pushing formalism analytic framework for coding student interview artifacts revealed that cPLTL students were significantly less likely to successfully draw the product suggested by the curved arrows than their PLTL classmates. Implications for instructors are suggested, including encouraging students to verbally explain their rationale while drawing mechanisms as well as optimizing graphical collaborative learning activities for online learners.
Comparison of Outcomes of Early vs Delayed Graft Reconstruction of Mohs Micrographic Surgery Defects.

ImportanceReconstructing Mohs defects often requires grafting in the form of full-thickness skin grafts (FTSGs) and composite grafts. These grafts can be complicated by a variable and often indeter...
The Great Derailment: Philadelphia Putsch of 1787 and the Coming of the American State

This chapter argues that the nationalist state-building ideology was a constant and coherent political presence throughout the revolutionary period. It had its ideological, political, and economic sources, and it had not been “transformed” in any significant way in the period 1773–1787. Those sources are best understood as an American attempt at creating a centralized, European-style nation-state with the economic apparatus of mercantilist control. What is usually understood as a “transformation” of the American revolutionary experience in the 1780s was just a change in the balance of power between the two, by and large, watertight philosophies, localist-liberal and nationalist, the latter gradually advancing and former retreating. Alexander Hamilton’s mercantilist program which was widely advertised in the 1780s and used as the strongest argument against the Articles of Confederation was widely shared among the proponents of the new Constitution and implemented in the 1790s. The significance of this process is that federalists-nationalists created the basis for modern American state in the highly hostile intellectual climate, skeptical to both economic and political parts of their agenda.
Online supercritical fluid extraction mass spectrometry (SFE-LC-FTMS) for sensitive characterization of soil organic matter

We report a novel technical approach for subcritical fluid extraction (SFE) for organic matter characterization in complex matrices such as soil. The custom platform combines on-line SFE with micro-solid phase extraction, nano liquid chromatography (LC), electrospray ionization and Fourier transform mass spectrometry (SFE-LC-FTMS). We demonstrated the utility of SFE-LC-FTMS, including results from both Orbitrap and FTICR MS, for analysis of complex mixtures of organic compounds in a solid matrix by characterizing soil organic matter in peat, a high-carbon soil. For example, in a single experiment, >6000 molecular formulas can be assigned based upon FTICR MS data from 1-50 μL of soil samples (roughly 1-50 mg of soil, dependent on soil density), nearly twice that typically obtained from direct infusion liquid solvent extraction (LSE) from an order of magnitude larger volume of the same soil. The detected species consisted predominately of lipid-like, lignin-like and protein-like compounds, based on their O/C and H/C ratios, with predominantly CHO and CHONP molecular compositions. These results clearly demonstrate that SFE has the potential to effectively extract a variety of molecular species and could become an important member of a suite of extraction methods for studying SOM and other natural organic matter. This is especially true when comprehensive coverage, minimal sample volumes, and high sensitivity are required, or when the presence of organic solvent residue in residual soil is problematic. The SFE based extraction protocol could potentially enable spatially resolved characterization of organic matter in soil with a resolution of ∼1 mm3 to facilitate studies probing the spatial heterogeneity of soil.
A Transformative Era: The Roberts Court, Constitutional Interpretation, and Public Administration:

The Constitutional School of American Public Administration dictates that the rule of law serves as the intellectual and practical foundation of the field. One way to support the Constitutional Sch...
Interprofessional Role of Cadaver Laboratory Experience in Paramedic Education at Creighton University

This brief report introduces and provides a reflection on the interprofessional role of an annual cadaver laboratory experience in the paramedic program at Creighton University, United States. Similar experiences in paramedic education have been noted to be beneficial in increasing paramedic student’s knowledge of anatomy and ability to perform procedures. Learners that participated in this report and reflection reported gains in their education and appreciation of other professions that support previous research on the topic and the value of this distinct experience.
A Joint Power Approach to Define Countermovement Jump Phases Using Force Platforms.

Conflicting methodologies are used to define certain countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ) phases, which limits the identification of performance-enhancing factors (e.g., rate of force development). Purpose We (a) utilized a joint power approach to define CMVJ phases that accurately describe body weight unloading (i.e., unweighting) and eccentric (i.e., braking) actions, which were combined with the robustly defined concentric (i.e., propulsion) phase, and (b) determined whether the phases can be identified using only ground reaction force (GRF) data. Methods Twenty-one men performed eight maximal CMVJs while kinematic and GRF data were obtained. Hip, knee, and ankle joint powers were calculated by multiplying net joint moments (obtained using inverse dynamics) by joint angular velocities. The net sum of the joint powers (JPSUM) was calculated to define phases by the preeminence of negative (i.e., net eccentric actions) or positive (i.e., net concentric actions) power where appropriate. Unloading, eccentric, and concentric phases were identified using JPSUM and linked to GRF and center of mass velocity features. Results Bland and Altman plots of the bias and 95% confidence intervals for the limits of agreement (LOA), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and coefficients of variation (CV) indicated precise agreement for detecting the unloading (bias, 0.060 s; LOA, -0.110 to 0.229 s) and eccentric (bias, 0.012 s; LOA, -0.010 to 0.040 s) phases with moderate (ICC, 0.578; CV, 40.72%) and excellent (ICC, 0.993; CV, 2.18%) reliability, respectively. The eccentric phase should be divided into yielding (eccentric actions while accelerating downward) and braking (eccentric actions while decelerating downward) subphases for detailed assessments. Conclusion CMVJ phases defined by combining joint and center of mass mechanics can be detected using only force platform data, enabling functionally relevant CMVJ assessments using instrumentation commonly available to practitioners.
David Oliver: Let's be open and honest about covid-19 deaths in care homes.

From the first recorded UK case to June 5, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) reported 17 422 deaths of care home residents from covid-19 in England and Wales—47% of the total.1 England’s health secretary, Matt Hancock, was insisting in the media that only around 30% of deaths in England were in care homes, saying that it was lower than the European average, by using Department of Health and Social Care data based only on people who had tested positive for covid-19 (when tests were in short supply) rather than on death certification—an approach used by ministers throughout the pandemic. Although the ONS started publishing the covid-19 data on deaths in all settings and excess all cause deaths on 13 March, there was a delay before they were included in the daily Downing Street briefings. The daily death toll data from briefings were amplified by personal accounts from bereaved families who had not been able to be with their loved ones when they died. Care home managers and staff spoke out about being overwhelmed, becoming sick themselves, and the lack of adequate access to personal protective equipment or testing. …
Metabotropic glutamate 2,3 receptor stimulation desensitizes agonist activation of G-protein signaling and alters transcription regulators in mesocorticolimbic brain regions.

Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are regulators of glutamate release and targets for development of therapies for hyperactive glutamatergic signaling. However, the effects of long-term stimulation of mGlu receptors on cellular signaling in the brain have not been described. This study investigated the effects of 2-day and 14-day osmotic mini-pump administration of the mGlu2,3 agonist LY379268 (3.0 mg kg-1 day-1 ) to rats on receptor-mediated G-protein activation and signaling in mesocorticolimbic regions in rat brain sections. A significant reduction in LY379268-stimulated [35 S]GTPγS binding was observed in the 14-day group in some cortical regions, prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and ventral pallidum. The 14-day LY379268 treatment group exhibited mGlu2 mRNA levels significantly lower in hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, caudate, and ventral pallidum. In both 2-day and 14-day treatment groups immunodetectable phosphorylated cAMP Response Element-Binding protein (CREB) was significantly reduced across all brain regions. In the 2-day group, we observed significantly lower immunodetectable CREB protein across all brain regions, which was subsequently increased in the 14-day group but failed to achieve control values. Neither immunodetectable extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) protein nor phosphorylated ERK from 2-day or 14-day treatment groups differed significantly from control across all brain regions. However, the ratio of phosphorylated ERK to total ERK protein was significantly greater in the 14-day treatment group compared with the control. These results identify compensatory changes to mGlu2,3 signal transduction in rat brains after chronic systemic administration of agonist, which could be predictive of the mechanism of action in human pharmacotherapies.
Parental Perceptions of Hospital-Based Bereavement Support Following a Child's Death from Cancer: Room for Improvement.

Abstract Context The death of a child from cancer is a devastating event, placing bereaved parents at risk for both physical and psychosocial morbidities. Despite growing awareness of these outcomes and increased hospital-based support, bereaved parents continue to express a desire for additional assistance. Objectives We examined parental perceptions of bereavement support from the clinical teams and institution and suggested modifications to hospital support strategies. Methods We explored the answers to four questions on the bereavement support provided from the care team and institutional mailings from a larger survey, querying parents of children who died from cancer 6 to 24 months prior to participation. Answers were Likert scale based with additional free-text responses. Results Forty-nine parents completed the survey (response rate 36%). The respondents were predominantly white (N = 43, 88%), female (N = 32, 65%), and non-Hispanic/Latino (N = 43, 88%). The mean length of time from child's death to completion was 13 months. Twenty-seven (55%) and 26 (53%) parents indicated that contact with care team and mailings, respectively, were at least a little helpful in their grief experience. In free-text responses, parents identified support outside the hospital (28 respondents), groups and events hosted by the hospital or hospice (8), contact with care team (3), and hospital mailings (1) as the most helpful. Findings support modifications to hospital support strategies. Conclusions Bereaved parents request additional supportive services. Using the parents’ perspective and recommendations, we outline options to augment support and provide a variety of supportive resources for bereaved parents to access in their own time.
A holistic assessment of the responsibilities and areas of support of engineering faculty

Many factors influence the effectiveness of educational programs and initiatives for engineering faculty, including job responsibilities, departmental and college culture, experience, and more. In ...
Patterns and predictors of air purifier adherence in children with asthma living in low-income, urban households.

Black children and children from low-income communities are disproportionately affected by asthma, attributed partly to pollution exposure. Air purifiers reduce indoor air pollution and improve ast...
Incidence of immune-related adverse events with pembrolizumab in advanced melanoma and correlation with treatment response: A single institution review of irAEs.

e21519Background: Anti-PD-1 therapy has become a mainstay of advanced melanoma treatment. However, associated irAEs are common and contribute to significant delays or cessation of treatment. In thi...
MOLECULAR BASIS OF THE REGULATION OF THE LUTROPIN/CHORIOGONADOTROPIN RECEPTOR

The studies summarized here clearly show that the phosphorylation of one or more serine residues (S635, S639, S649 and/or S652) present in the C-terminal tail of the LHR is necessary, but not sufficient, for the agonist-induced uncoupling of the LHR from adenylate cyclase and for the endocytosis of the agonist-receptor complex. Simultaneous mutation of these four serines to alanines decreases the rate of agonist-induced uncoupling and the rate of agonist-induced internalization. This mutation does not affect the magnitude of agonist-induced uncoupling attained upon a long incubation with agonist, nor does it reduce the rate of internalization of the agonist-bound LHR to that of the free LHR. Thus additional molecular interactions and/or post-translational modifications of the LHR are needed for uncoupling and down-regulation.
NONLINEAR ROLLING OF SHIPS IN REGULAR BEAM SEAS

A second-order approximate solution is obtained for the nonlinear established harmonic roll of a ship in regular beam seas. The perturbation solutions are compared with solutions obtained by numerically solving the nonlinear governing equations. The peak roll angle and corresponding frequency predicted by the second-order expansion are found to be in closer agreement with the numerical simulation than those predicted by the first-order expansion. Increasing the wave slope is found to increase the peak roll angle, increase the resonance width, and bend the response curves to lower frequencies. Decreasing the damping coefficients is found to increase the peak roll angle, decrease the resonance width, and also bend the response curves. Increasing the amplitude of the wave slope beyond a threshold value results in some unstable harmonic responses and a cascade of bifurcations. The roll responses experience either period doubling or period tripling bifurcations leading to chaotic behavior. A Floquet analysis is used to predict the occurrence of these bifurcations. The perturbation expansion predicts fairly well the established harmonic oscillations as well as the start of the period multiplying bifurcations.
Hamlet in the District Court: Facing Personal Ethical Dilemmas

The milieu in which a federal judge works is distinct from that of the state courts—which I take to be the primary focus of Professor Gray’s paper. For a federal judge, the protections of life tenure and a stable salary, as well as the prestige attending the job, breed independence. We do not politic. We ignore what others—excepting, of course, the student Law Reviews—think of us. We are autonomous. Joined to our autonomy is self-discipline. While I follow federal rules on judicial ethics scrupulously, I am less concerned with discipline imposed by others than I am with our individual self-government. I have little use for judicial policing. I will police myself. My colleagues will police themselves. That should be enough for the men and women entrusted with the positions we occupy. The question, for me, is one of self-accountability—not, “What will others make me do?” but rather, “What shall I do?” Ralph Waldo Emerson expressed similar sentiments in his famous essay “SelfReliance”:
Primary facial nerve tumors: diagnostic and management dilemmas.

Primary facial nerve tumors are rare and often present a diagnostic and management dilemma to the otolaryngologist. The vast majority of these lesions are either neurilemmomas (schwannomas) or neurofibromas.
Nitrogen cycling and feedbacks in a global dynamic land model

[1] Global anthropogenic changes in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles call for modeling tools that are able to address and quantify essential interactions between N, C, and climate in terrestrial ecosystems. Here we introduce a prognostic N cycle within the Princeton-Geophysical Fluid Dynamic Laboratory (GFDL) LM3V land model. The model captures mechanisms essential for N cycling and their feedbacks on C cycling: N limitation of plant productivity, the N dependence of C decomposition and stabilization in soils, removal of available N by competing sinks, ecosystem losses that include dissolved organic and volatile N, and ecosystem inputs through biological N fixation. Our model captures many essential characteristics of C-N interactions and is capable of broadly recreating spatial and temporal variations in N and C dynamics. The introduced N dynamics improve the model's short-term NPP response to step changes in CO 2 . Consistent with theories of successional dynamics, we find that physical disturbance induces strong C-N feedbacks, caused by intermittent N loss and subsequent N limitation. In contrast, C-N interactions are weak when the coupled model system approaches equilibrium. Thus, at steady state, many simulated features of the carbon cycle, such as primary productivity and carbon inventories, are similar to simulations that do not include C-N feedbacks.
Technology and Schools

Abstract Efforts to integrate technologies into schools have been more effective when they have placed the locus of control with teachers rather than requiring teachers to adapt their teaching style to the technology. Some educational technologies that are changing schools include graphing calculators, electronic library resources, integration of text and graphics in instructional materials developed by teachers, and use of the Internet for dissemination of student work. In the long term educational computing is likely to have profound if somewhat unpredictable effects on K-12 education. In the short term limited access to technology in K-12 schools will constrain the overall impact. However, constraints on the speed with which teachers can be educated to use new technologies will be the primary factor that will limit the extent of use in schools.
Coplanar Waveguide Suspended Inside a Conducting Enclosure

The characteristics of a coplanar waveguide (CPW) suspended inside a conducting metal enclosure are presented. By taking the enclosure into consideration, the inevitable package that is present in practice and its influence are studied and modeled. Quasi-static TEM iterative techniques to analyze suspended CPW are discussed. Computed as well as experimental results on effective dielectric constant ?> eff and characteristic impedance Z 0 are presented and compared to characteristics obtained by full-wave analysis. Also considered in this chapter is a CPW suspended inside a nonsymmetrical split block type of housing. This type of construction has the advantage of simplifying assembly by soldering or epoxying the circuit to one-half of the housing.
Docencia de investigación operativa en grupos masivos con el apoyo de NTIC

Las catedras masivas provocan grandes dificultades para el seguimiento del proceso de aprendizaje de cada alumno y la promocion del acceso a conocimientos de significado. La preocupacion por buscar caminos que nos permitan resolver este problema, sumada a la disponibilidad tecnologica en la unidad academica en la que se trabaja, indujo a cuestionar los modos habituales de ensenanza de Investigacion Operativa (materia del tercer ano de la curricula de las carreras de Contador Publico y Licenciatura en Administracion) y a replantear la practica educativa incorporando NTIC y clases en gabinete de computacion en las que se ensena el manejo de software especifico a partir del ciclo lectivo 2000. Para evaluar los resultados de la nueva propuesta educativa se administraron encuestas a los alumnos al final de cada ciclo. En el presente trabajo describimos nuestra experiencia, presentado los resultados obtenidos en el ciclo lectivo 2005, comparandolos con los obtenidos al momento de implementacion de las NTIC realizando diferentes analisis sobre la informacion provista por las encuestas.
Body composition, respiratory quotient, and weight maintenance

For weight maintenance, the fuel mix oxidized must match the nutrient distribution in the diet. The composition of the fuel mix oxidized and the respiratory quotient are influenced by circulating substrate and hormone concentrations, which, among other things, reflect the degree of replenishment of the body's fuel reserves. Carbohydrate and protein balances are maintained without obvious changes in the body's glycogen stores and protein pools. One of the most readily quantifiable measures by which to judge the effect of various inherited and circumstantial factors on energy metabolism and body composition is the percentage body fat for which weight maintenance occurs. The amount of body fat for which the steady state of weight maintenance tends to become established is therefore a key fact on which an understanding of body weight regulation should be based, rather than rates of energy turnover or past circumstances that may have led to fat accumulation, as often believed.
Flexionar ou não flexionar, eis a questão: infinitivos no Português como segunda língua (L2)

A luz de previsoes feitas por duas abordagens concorrentes na aquisicao de L2 por adultos – Acesso Total (FA, Full Access) (e.g., White 1989, 2003; Schwartz & Sprouse 1996) e Tracos Malsucedidos (FF, Failed Features) (e.g., Hawkins & Chan 1997; Liceras & Diaz, 1999) – o presente estudo examina a aquisicao de infinitivos flexionados por adultos aprendizes de portugues como L2, falantes nativos de ingles e bilingues de espanhol/ingles. A aquisicao total semelhante ao nativo de infinitivos flexionados requer a reconfiguracao de um parâmetro sintatico (o Parâmetro do Sujeito Nulo) e um parâmetro morfologico (o Parâmetro-Infl) para esses aprendizes. Como as abordagens FF sustentam um periodo pos-critico de insucesso na aquisicao de novos tracos na L2, ausentes na L1, preve-se que a aquisicao tipica da lingua alvo nao seja possivel. Por outro lado, as abordagens FA, que sustentam a possibilidade da reconfiguracao dos parâmetros nos adultos, preveem que a competencia nativa de infinitivos flexionados seja alcancavel, mas nao inevitavel. Os dados que apresentamos apoiam as abordagens FA, e demonstram que os adultos aprendizes avancados alcancam um conhecimento interpretativo dos infinitivos flexionados do portugues semelhante ao de nativos. Tambem consideramos o papel da transferencia da L1 e as implicacoes possiveis, ja que diferem para ambos os grupos.
Experimental Flexibility Measurements for the Development of a Computational Head-Neck Model Validated for Near-Vertex Head Impact

A computational head-neck model was developed to more efficiently study dynamic responses of the head and neck to near-vertex head impact. The model consisted of rigid vertebrae interconnected by assemblies of nonlinear springs and dashpots, and a finite element shell model of the skull. Quasi-static flexion-extension characteristics of ten human cadaveric cervical spines were measured using a test frame capable of applying pure moments. The cadaveric motion segments demonstrated a nonlinear stiffening response without a no-load neutral zone. Computational model parameters were based upon these measurements and existing data reported in the literature. Geometric and inertial characteristics were derived from three-dimensional reconstructions of skull and vertebral CT images. The model reproduced the shape and timing of the cervical spine buckling deformations observed in high speed video of cadaveric studies of near-vertex head impact. Head and neck force histories and head acceleration histories agreed with those reported in the cadaveric studies. A sensitivity analysis of the model parameters revealed that head mid neck responses were most sensitive to changes in head stiffness, head mass, and flexion-extension properties, suggesting that an appropriately configured deformable head and accurate experimental characterization of motion segment flexion-extension behavior are critical to reliable model predictions. This validated, computationally efficient model is well suited for large-scale parametric studies of the role of impact surface properties on injury risk. It also serves as a foundation for future model enhancements such as the incorporation of the cervical musculature.
The Origins of New World French Phonology

(1968). The Origins of New World French Phonology. WORD: Vol. 24, Linguistic Studies Pesented to Andre Martinet: Part Two, Indo-European Linguistics, pp. 255-269.
Lead in Terrestrial Arthropods: Evidence for Biological Concentration

In areas with high lead emission from the exhaust of vehicles, insects contained averages of 10.3, 15.5, and 25.0 ppm lead (oven dry weight) for species that suck plant juices, chew plant parts, and prey on other insects respectively, indicating a biological concentration of lead from herbivore to carnivore trophic levels. In low lead emission areas insects in the same feeding categories had average lead contents of 4.7, 3.4, and 3.3 ppm respectively and showed no significant differences.
Crossing Borders in Health Communication Research: Toward an Ecological Understanding of Context, Complexity, and Consequences in Community-Based Health Education in the U.S.–Mexico Borderlands

In the past 15 years, researchers in health information dissemination have made significant strides in addressing context, complexity, and consequences (Sharf's "3 Cs") in theory, research, and praxis. The goal of integrating the 3 Cs in this field, however, remains a challenge. In this article, the authors present 6 principles of a postmodern ecological approach to health information dissemination that attempts such integration. The authors outline proposed principles and use a multiyear, interdisciplinary, and interinstitutional collaboration along the U.S.-Mexico border to illustrate this postmodern ecological approach. The goal of this article is to provide a framework for understanding other projects and communities in which efforts are undertaken to cross physical, social, cultural, economic, and political borders.
Non-genomic effects of estrogens and antiestrogens

Abstract In addition to the effects of estrogens on transcription, mediated by the estrogen receptor, and the antiestrogenic effects of triphenylethylene derivatives resulting from their competitive action at the estrogen receptor level, estrogens and antiestrogens can affect cellular processes though other mechanisms. Estrogens can bind and alter enzymatic activities in membranes isolated from target cells, can influence the activities of purified enzymes and can change cell permeability and polarization under conditions excluding transcriptional effects. Triphenylethylene antiestrogens at micromolar concentrations can affect cholinergic, histaminergic and dopaminergic systems, affect calmodulin action and influence protein kinase C activity. Tamoxifen added to suspension of human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells at concentrations greater than 10 μM both increased phosphoinositide hydrolysis and inhibited the stimulatory effect of carbachol on this system. These effects, however, may represent nonspecific actions of the antiestrogens, shared with the structurally related phenothiazines, on the plasma membrane.
An Unusual Nest Location for Vespula maculifrons (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

In conjunction with studies on the biochemistry, toxicology, and immunology of insect venoms at The Pennsylvania State University, several hundred nests of various species of stinging Hymenoptera are collected annually from Centre County, Pa. (Benton and Heckman 1969). On Sept. 12, 1969, a nest of Vespula maculifrons (Buysson) was encountered in an unusual location.