cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reduction of the Cardiac Response to Postganglionic Sympathetic Nerve Stimulation in Experimental Heart Failure

The functional significance of the reduction of the heart's norepinephrine stores which occurs in experimental heart failure was studied. The responses to right and left cardio-accelerator nerve stimulation were studied in normal dogs and in dogs with chronic congestive failure and reduced myocardial norepinephrine stores. Both the chronotropic and inotropic responses to nerve stimulation were found to be markedly reduced in the animals with congestive failure. Since the myocardium of the dogs with heart failure responded normally to exogenously administered norepinephrine, it was concluded that the norepinephrine depletion reduces the quantity of neurotransmitter released per nerve impulse. Thus, norepinephrine depletion interferes with the ability of the adrenergic nervous system to support the failing myocardium and in this manner it may intensify the congestive heart failure state.
Interstitial Pneumonitis Complicating Rheumatoid Arthritis: Sustained Remission with Azathioprine Therapy

A patient with classic rheumatoid arthritis developed biopsy-proven diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and ventilatory insufficiency which appeared to be irreversible. The administration of azathioprine coincided with significant immediate improvement in pulmonary function and clinical status. During five years of continuous azathioprine therapy, progressive improvement in lung function has been accompanied by marked deterioration of the rheumatoid joint disease, suggesting that the pulmonary and joint lesions of rheumatoid disease may not be mediated by the same pathways.
High-Resolution Chandra X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy of the σ Orionis Cluster

We present results of a 90 ks Chandra X-ray observation of the young ? Orionis cluster ( -->age ~ 3 Myr ) obtained with the HETGS. We use the high-resolution grating spectrum and moderate-resolution CCD spectrum of the massive central star ? Ori AB ( -->O 9.5 V + B 0.5 V ) to test wind shock theories of X-ray emission and also analyze the high spatial resolution zero-order ACIS-S image of the central cluster region. Chandra detected 42 X-ray sources on the primary CCD (ACIS-S3). All but five have near-IR or optical counterparts and about one-fourth are variable. Notable high-mass stellar detections are ? Ori AB, the magnetic B star ? Ori E, and the B5 V binary HD 37525. Most of the other detections have properties consistent with lower mass K- or M-type stars. We present the first X-ray spectrum of the unusual infrared source IRS 1, located 3 -->'' north of ? Ori AB. Its X-ray properties and elongated mid-IR morphology suggest that it is an embedded low-mass T Tauri star whose disk/envelope is being photoevaporated by ? Ori AB. We focus on the radiative wind shock interpretation of the soft luminous X-ray emission from ? Ori AB, but also consider possible alternatives including magnetically confined wind shocks and colliding wind shocks. Its emission lines show no significant asymmetries or centroid shifts and are moderately broadened to -->HWHM ? 264 km s?1, or one-fourth the terminal wind speed. Forbidden lines in He-like ions are formally undetected, implying strong UV suppression. The Mg XI triplet forms in the wind acceleration zone within one stellar radius above the surface. These X-ray properties are consistent in several respects with the predictions of radiative wind shock theory for an optically thin wind, but explaining the narrow line widths presents a challenge to the theory.
Bone marrow signal alteration in the spine and sacrum.

B one marrow signal abnormality in the spine and sacrum is a common, sometimes unexpected finding on MRI, and it can be a source of diagnostic dilemma to radiologists who interpret these examinations. The myriad causes of bone marrow signal alteration include variants of normal, marrow reconversion, tumor (myeloproliferative disorders, metastatic, or primary), radiation, fracture, degenerative change, infection, inflammatory arthritis, and osteonecrosis. A pattern-based diagnostic approach to bone marrow signal abnormalities in the axial skeleton frequently helps to generate a concise list of diagnostic possibilities, thereby potentially minimizing the need for biopsy. The three main components involved in assessing the pattern of perceived signal abnormality on MRI are its signal characteristics, distribution, and morphology. Much information can be gained by evaluating the signal characteristics of a lesion on the different pulse sequences generally used (described in the next section). The distribution of bone marrow signal abnormalities can be categorized as diffuse or infiltrative, focal, or multifocal (Table 1). In the spine, it is important to consider the distribution of the lesion, whether it is localized within the vertebral body, extends into the pedicles or posterior elements, or is confined to the endplates. The morphology of the lesion should be assessed in terms of its borders, whether it is discrete and well circumscribed, ill defined, or aggressive and whether there is destruction of the cortical margin or merely outward bulging and expansion. This pattern-based approach must be combined with the routine diagnostic workup of bone marrow signal abnormalities seen elsewhere in the appendicular skeleton, including comparison with prior MRI (if present), complementary imaging (if needed), and clinical chemistry and bone biopsy (where appropriate).
The Techno-Political Collision

The worlds of computer science and policy are on a collision course, and tomorrow’s technologists are not being adequately prepared for this reality. As computing systems diversify and become more intricately integrated into our lives, the creation and maintenance of ethical, practical, and fair technology policy has become manifestly critical. Policymakers and the American public are faced with a growing array of difficult decisions to make regarding what role technology will have in our lives over the coming years. How will we prioritize privacy and security? How much personal information should we share, and with whom should we share it? How tolerant should a liberal society be of cyber espionage and warfare? Is access to information a human right?
Evidence that variability in ambient fathead minnow short‐term chronic tests is due to pathogenic infection

An examination of results from ambient fathead minnow subchronic toxicity tests identified a common characteristic of the tests, which manifests itself as a large among-replicate and between-test variance in survival. The unusual replicate-specific mortality in tests with ambient water appears to be due to pathogenic bacteria or fungi. This finding is based on the following facts: a comparison of survival among replicates in effluents and ambient waters showed that when mean survival was low (40- 70%), among-replicate variation for ambient tests was greater than it was for the effluent tests; in 63 tests conducted at three locations over nearly 3 years, treating the water with ultraviolet (UV) light improved survival; a seasonal pattern to survival was present at ambient sites; survival was higher when minnows were separated by using 1 minnow/beaker rather than the standard system of 10 minnows/beaker; and survival tended to be higher in ambient sites contaminated with low levels of chlorine. The existence of the pathogen(s) does not mean that the test cannot be used effectively to assess toxicity of ambient waters; instead, it indicates that factors other than toxicity may need to be taken into consideration when interpreting the results. Keywords—Ambient toxicity testing Pathogen Fathead minnow
Task performance and response to frustration in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

The present study examined performance on an arithmetic task of increasing difficulty and a frustrating puzzle task for children with ADHD and comparison children. Emotional competence also was investigated in the two groups. Sixty-four children, 21 previously diagnosed with ADHD, participated. Performance on the arithmetic task was measured in terms of completion and accuracy. Children with ADHD had similar rates of accuracy for all levels of difficulty, but completed fewer problems. Performance on the puzzle task was measured both through completion and persistence. Although children with ADHD persisted for a similar amount of time compared to children without ADHD, they were more likely to quit the task before completion. Children with ADHD also were more likely to report that they became frustrated with the task. Furthermore, they tended to report that in general, they become more frustrated than other children. With regard to emotional competence, children with ADHD did not differ from the comparison children on their reported understanding of their own emotions or attention to emotions; however, children with ADHD reported that they engage in less mood repair. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 43: 377–386, 2006.
Working Models of Friendships

The purpose of this study was to determine if a narrative technique based on the Adult Attachment Interview could be used for studying working models of friendships. A Friendship Interview was developed and administered to a sample of 68 high school seniors. Theoretically coherent factors reflecting friendship experiences and working models were obtained. Ratings of dyadic support from friends were related to secure working models, and inversely related to dismissing working models. Ratings of friend controlling-self dependent behavior and self controlling-friend dependent behavior were related to preoccupied working models. Ratings of experiences in friendships were related to self-perceptions of friendships. Working models were related to self-perceptions of relational styles and attachment styles.
Inferences from structural comparison: flexibility, secondary structure wobble and sequence alignment optimization

Background Work on protein structure prediction is very useful in biological research. To evaluate their accuracy, experimental protein structures or their derived data are used as the 'gold standard'. However, as proteins are dynamic molecular machines with structural flexibility such a standard may be unreliable.
The Influence of Hemodynamic Factors upon Mesangial Kinetics of Macromolecules

The mesangium is an important route for macromolecular traffic through the glomerulus (Farquhar and Palade, 1962; Michael et al., 1979). In addition, the contiguity of the mesangium with the lacis cells of the juxtaglomerular zone and the presence of actomyocin (Becker, 1972; Scheinman et al., 1974) suggest that this structure may play a role in the regulation of the glomerular microcirculation. By analogy, dynamic changes in the glomerular microcirculation may influence the macromolecular traffic through the mesangium.
Novel fluorescent polymer for trace explosive detection

Conjugated polymer based on thiophene having high reasonably quantum yield has been synthesized. A bulky butoxycarbonylmethyl urethane moiety as a side group is attached to the polymer backbone. The polymer is characterized by 1H NMR, FT-IR, UV-Visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Thin film fluorescence sensors based on this material were fabricated through a spin-coating technique. The polymer showed rapid fluorescence quenching upon exposure of nitroaromatics and is capable or detecting 2,4-dinitrotolune (DNT) and 2,4,6-trinitrotolune (TNT) vapors at sub parts per billion levels.
Dopamine receptor genetic polymorphisms and body composition in undernourished pastoralists: An exploration of nutrition indices among nomadic and recently settled Ariaal men of northern Kenya

Minor alleles of the human dopamine receptor polymorphisms, DRD2/TaqI A and DRD4/48 bp, are related to decreased functioning and/or numbers of their respective receptors and have been shown to be correlated with body mass, height and food craving. In addition, the 7R minor allele of the DRD4 gene is at a higher frequency in nomadic compared to sedentary populations. Here we examine polymorphisms in the DRD2 and DRD4 genes with respect to body mass index (BMI) and height among men in two populations of Ariaal pastoralists, one recently settled (n = 87) and the other still nomadic (n = 65). The Ariaal live in northern Kenya, are chronically undernourished and are divided socially among age-sets. Frequencies of the DRD4/7R and DRD2/A1 alleles were 19.4% and 28.2%, respectively and did not differ between the nomadic and settled populations. BMI was higher in those with one or two DRD4/7R alleles in the nomadic population, but lower among the settled. Post-hoc analysis suggests that the DRD4 differences in BMI were due primarily to differences in fat free body mass. Height was unrelated to either DRD2/TaqI A or DRD4/48 bp genotypes. Our results indicate that the DRD4/7R allele may be more advantageous among nomadic than settled Ariaal men. This result suggests that a selective advantage mediated through behaviour may be responsible for the higher frequency of the 7R alleles in nomadic relative to sedentary populations around the world. In contrast to previous work, we did not find an association between DRD2 genotypes and height. Our results support the idea that human phenotypic expression of genotypes should be rigorously evaluated in diverse environments and genetic backgrounds.
Factors influencing the usage and selection of project management software

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and assess those factors that influence the extent of usage, type of usage (planning only versus planning and control), and selection of project management (PM) software by professionals in the field. Discriminant analysis is used to analyze hypotheses relating to these three issues. The analysis is based on the results of a random survey of members of the Project Management Institute. This research was guided by an organizing framework that considers environmental factors (demographics and work environment characteristics), intermediate factors (PM software usage category and historical use patterns), and outcomes (level of software package selected). The analysis reveals strong differences in extent of usage, type of usage, and software selection based on individually significant environmental and intermediate factors. It also provides strong support for the hypotheses relating to extent of software use and level of software package used, while providing qualified support for the hypothesis relating to software use for planning only versus planning and control. These results together validate the organizing framework. Adopters of PM software are advised to consider the findings concerning industry practice as well as their specific needs when selecting and deciding how to use PM software packages.
Aspects of tritium release from neutron-irradiated lithium oxide

Out-of-reactor tritium release from well-characterized solidified melt particles of lithium oxide is investigated for dependence on temperature, sweep gas flow rate, effect of hydrogen addition to the processing gas, and particle size. Solid-phase diffusion, characterized by diffusion coefficient in D(cm2/s) = −(13.2 ± 3.7) − (27.6 ± 12 kJ/mol)/RT, is shown to control long-term escape for temperatures 673 K – 923 K. Admixture of 2.4 vol. % H2 to the sweep stream appears to promote initial tritium release.
Multiple viewpoint rendering

This paper presents an algorithm for rendering a static scene from multiple perspectives. While most current computer graphics algorithms render scenes as they appear from a single viewpoint (the location of the camera) multiple viewpoint rendering (MVR) renders a scene from a range of spatially-varying viewpoints. By exploiting perspective coherence, MVR can produce a set of images orders of magnitude faster than conventional rendering methods. Images produced by MVR can be used as input to multiple-perspective displays such as holographic stereograms, lenticular sheet displays, and holographic video. MVR can also be used as a geometry-to-image prefilter for image-based rendering algorithms. MVR techniques are adapted from single viewpoint computer graphics algorithms and can be accelerated using existing hardware graphics subsystems. This paper describes the characteristics of MVR algorithms in general, along with the design, implementation, and applications of a particular MVR rendering system.
The magnesium hatchback of the 3-liter car: Processing and corrosion protection

The hatchback of Volkswagen's 3 liter car (3 l fuel consumption per 100 km) consists of an inner component of die casting magnesium (AM50) covered with an aluminum panel from the outside. This hybrid design requires a new manufacturing process: The pre-coated magnesium part will be bonded and folded with the bare aluminum part. Corrosion protection is provided by an organic coating system which both protects against general corrosion and galvanic corrosion. The corrosion of the Al / Mg sandwich has been examined with hybrid samples which are similar to the hatchback. Several powder coatings (epoxy resin, polyester resin, hybrid resin), wet paints and cathodic electro-coating paints of different thicknesses and compositions have been applied to the magnesium part. They show that only powder coating provides adequate protection. Galvanic corrosion at the points of attachment of the hatchback might be possible (for example the bolted joint of the hinge). Resistance against galvanic corrosion has been tested with samples that had a damaged paint coat in order to simulate a defect. Furthermore different contact elements (Fe, Al, Zn, etc.) have been attached with electrically conductive fixings. Under laboratory conditions, all test samples where subjected to a corrosion load of 30 cycles in the environmental corrosion test.
Assessing Pharmacy Residents' Knowledge of Biostatistics and Research Study Design

BACKGROUND:Historically, clinicians have demonstrated a lack of confidence and poor aptitude for biostatistics as a tool for medical literature interpretation. Evaluation of pharmacy residents' ability to interpret biostatistics commonly used in peer-reviewed literature has not been previously conducted.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the level of understanding and perception of biostatistics concepts among pharmacy residents.METHODS:A survey of postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) residents in American Society of Health-System Pharmacists–accredited residency programs was conducted in May 2009. The survey instrument consisted of 27 items, including 10 knowledge-based questions, and was distributed to residency programs for anonymous reporting via SurveyMonkey. The primary outcome of interest was biostatistics knowledge, defined as the percent total score of correct knowledge items. Statistical attitude and confidence questions were rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). The t-test ...
Biomarkers of Obesity and Subsequent Cardiovascular Events

Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but the mechanisms for increased cardiovascular risk in obesity are still unclear. Inflammation and increased oxidative stress are two potential mechanisms proposed to play a major role in the morbidity associated with obesity. Studies that investigate these mechanisms rely on biomarkers, but validated biomarkers for obesity-related cardiovascular outcomes are lacking. By finding optimal biomarkers, diagnostic criteria for cardiovascular diseases can be refined in the obese beyond “traditional” risk factors to identify early pathologic processes. The objective of this review is to identify potential early biomarkers resulting from obesity and associated with cardiovascular disease. Studies were initially identified through the search engine PubMed by using the keywords “obesity” and “biomarker.” Subsequently, combinations of the keywords “obesity,” “biomarker,” “cardiovascular risk,” “adipose tissue,” “adipokine,” “adipocytokine,” and “oxidative stress” were used. The SOURCE database and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) were used to obtain more information on the biomarkers. Results of the searches yielded a large number of potential biomarkers that occur in obesity and which either correlate with traditional cardiovascular risk factors or predict subsequent cardiovascular events. Several biomarkers are promising regarding their biologic properties, but they require further validation in humans.
Affective computing in tele-home health

This study exemplifies the integration of IS behavioral science in the area of technology adoption and diffusion into the design science process. We first identify the computer-mediated paradox, as it exists in the tele-home health care setting. Specifically, we address the challenges of providing quality patient inclusive of affective assessment. From the design science perspective, we then introduce an intelligent interface (MOUE) aimed at discerning emotional state from processing sensory modalities (or modes) input via various media and building (or encoding) a model of the user's emotions. We contextualize MOUE within the tele-home health care setting to provide the health care provider with an easy-to-use and useful assessment of the patient's emotional state in order to facilitate patient care. We then use an IS adoption model developed and tested in the general telemedicine context in a qualitative exploratory manner as a means to inform design science regarding adapting affective state output in consideration of tele-home health adoption and diffusion issues. Based upon this integrative exploration, we propose to expand the application of "Wizard of Oz" type studies by Dahlback, N., et al., (1998) to computer-mediated communication (CMC) environments to investigate how emotional state assessments influence responses from health care professionals and how MOUE can be accepted into the health care environment.
Social Relationships and Hypertension in Late Life: Evidence From a Nationally Representative Longitudinal Study of Older Adults

Objective: Social relationships are widely understood to be important for sustaining and improving health and longevity, but it remains unclear how different dimensions of social relationships oper...
Physician Recommendations About Maternal Involvement in Adolescent Diabetes Management

OBJECTIVE —The purpose of this study was to examine whether perceptions of physician recommendations about maternal involvement in adolescent diabetes management are associated with children9s reports of mothers’ involvement during the subsequent week. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —Youth with type 1 diabetes (aged 10–15 years) and mothers completed scales measuring perceptions of physician recommendations about maternal involvement. At their appointment, and again 1 week later, children reported mothers’ involvement in diabetes over the preceding week. RESULTS —A total of 53 dyads provided usable data at both time points. Perceived recommendations to increase involvement were associated with children9s reports of increased maternal collaboration during the subsequent week ( B = 0.81, P B = −1.21, P r = −0.39, P CONCLUSIONS —Physicians may facilitate adaptive forms of maternal involvement during adolescence by conveying messages about involvement to patients and families.
Confirmation and Translation

Common sense dictates to us that true statements in English of an evidential relationship remain true when uttered in Italian: (1) The fact that A1, A2,..., A n are green emeralds confirms the hypothesis that all emeralds are green. (1’) Ilfatto che A1, A2,.., A n sono verdie sono smeraldi conferma la ipotesi che tutti gli smeraldi sono verdi.
57-Year-Old Man With Hip Pain and Lytic Bone Lesions

57-year-old man presented to his primary care physician with a 2-year history of progressive right hip pain. His medical history was notable for hyperlipidemia. He was up-to-date on sex- and agespecific cancer screening. The patient had no history of chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, cough, or other cardiac, respiratory, neurologic, or visual symptoms. He had no recent travel history or occupational or social contact with persons who were ill. Physical examination revealed an obese man (body mass index [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared], 40.34 kg/m 2 ) with normal vital signs and unremarkable findings on cardiac, respiratory, abdominal, neurologic, and lymphatic examination. No pain or tenderness was elicited on examination. He was treated initially with nonopioid pain medications. Sacroiliac corticosteroid injections were minimally beneficial. Results of a complete blood cell count (CBC) and electrolyte panel were normal with the exception of an elevated serum calcium level of 11.7 mg/dL (reference range, 8.9-10.1 mg/dL). Ultimately, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of his lumbar spine revealed numerous punched-out lytic lesions in the lumbar vertebra and pelvis. He underwent computed tomography (CT) of his chest, abdomen, and pelvis that identified further lytic lesions as well as multiple splenic lesions concerning for metastases. Two separate CT-guided bone biopsy samples of the lytic lesions in the lumbar vertebra did not elicit an etiology of the lesions.
Revisiting “Where Does the Customer Fit in a Service Operation?”

In 1978 I asserted that a “rational approach to the rationalization” of services requires first of all a classification system that sets one service activity system apart from another (Chase 1978). The classification I developed came about from an effort to derive a business classification scheme and was predicated on the extent of customer contact with the service system and its personnel during the service delivery process. Based upon open systems theory, I proposed that the less direct contact the customer has with the service system, the greater the potential of the system to operate at peak efficiency. And, conversely, where the direct customer contact is high, the less potential exists to achieve high levels of efficiency. In this chapter I will review the contact approach as it was discussed in the article and offer some suggestions for its future development.
Temperature-Toxicity Relationships of Pyrethroids on Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Permethrin, fenvalerate, and deltamethrin [(S)-α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl cis -(IR)-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate] were bioassayed on adults of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman at 15.6, 26.7, and 37.8°C. All three pyrethroids displayed a negative temperature coefficient. Phenothrin, tralomethrin [(S)-α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl cis -(IR)-3-(1,2,2,2.-tetrabromovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl cyclopropanecarboxylate], Pay-Off [(+)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl(+)-4-(difluoromethoxy)-alpha-(1-methyl-ethyl)benzeneacetate), and DDT were bioassayed on larvae of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), at each of the three temperatures. DDT, phenothrin, and Pay-Off all displayed negative temperature coefficients, although that of Pay-Off was very slight. The temperature coefficient of tralomethrin was slightly positive. Presently available information for H. virescens suggests that the presence of an α-cyano group may influence the temperature coefficient of pyrethroids.
Multi-level barriers to obtaining mammograms for women with mobility limitations: post workshop evaluation.

OBJECTIVES To assess the barriers and facilitators to mammogram use in middle aged women with mobility limitations who had completed an educational workshop, Promoting Access to Health Service (PATHS), on clinical preventive services. METHODS Women aged 40 to 64 with mobility impairments who reported not receiving a mammogram in the last 2 years were randomly assigned to a PATHS workshop and received follow-up monthly phone call interviews over 6 months. RESULTS Individual (eg, comorbidities, family responsibilities), interpersonal (eg, unclear provider communication, negative history), and environmental (eg, healthcare availability, insurance coverage, finances) factors were identified as unsolved barriers and potential facilitators (eg, reminders, physical proximity), to obtaining a mammogram. CONCLUSIONS A multi-level intervention approach is required to promote mammogram use by women with disabilities.
Circadian rhythms in floral scent emission

To successfully recruit pollinators, plants often release attractive floral scents at specific times of day to coincide with pollinator foraging. This timing of scent emission is thought to be evolutionarily beneficial to maximize resource efficiency while attracting only useful pollinators. Temporal regulation of scent emission is tied to the activity of the specific metabolic pathways responsible for scent production. Although floral volatile profiling in various plants indicated a contribution by the circadian clock, the mechanisms by which the circadian clock regulates timing of floral scent emission remained elusive. Recent studies using two species in the Solanaceae family provided initial insight into molecular clock regulation of scent emission timing. In Petunia hybrida, the floral volatile benzenoid/phenylpropanoid (FVBP) pathway is the major metabolic pathway that produces floral volatiles. Three MYB-type transcription factors, ODORANT 1 (ODO1), EMISSION OF BENZENOIDS I (EOBI), and EOBII, all of which show diurnal rhythms in mRNA expression, act as positive regulators for several enzyme genes in the FVBP pathway. Recently, in P. hybrida and Nicotiana attenuata, homologs of the Arabidopsis clock gene LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) have been shown to have a similar role in the circadian clock in these plants, and to also determine the timing of scent emission. In addition, in P. hybrida, PhLHY directly represses ODO1 and several enzyme genes in the FVBP pathway during the morning as an important negative regulator of scent emission. These findings facilitate our understanding of the relationship between a molecular timekeeper and the timing of scent emission, which may influence reproductive success.
Effect factors on oviposition behavior of housefly

Objective To select the effect factors on oviposition behavior of housefly and provide a basic device on fly-ovitrap for collecting fly eggs.Methods Comparing the quantity of housefly eggs in the fly-ovitrap cups of different treatments,to make sure the lure capability of different colors,different concentration of ammonium bicarbonate and brown sugar.Results The quantity of housefly eggs in black ovitrap cup was 54.31%,there were 18.58% and 15.27% eggs in red and blue cups respectively.The quantity of eggs in 10% and 5% ammonium bicarbonate fly-ovitrap cups were 55.78% and 40.17%.Few housefly layed eggs in 5% and 10 % brown sugar fly-ovitrap.Conclusion Black and 10% concentration of ammonium bicarbonate fly-ovicup can allure the pregnant flies to lay eggs.But the brown sugar has no allure for housefly spawning.
Agar-embedded urinary stones: a technique useful for studying microscopic architecture.

AbstractA procedure for studying urinary stones by various microscopic techniques is described. The stones are sectioned into approximately 0.2 to 1.0mm. thick pieces using a low-speed saw. The sections are then embedded in agar and decalcified using 0.25M ethylenediaminetetracetic acid at pH 7.2. The decalcified residue is then processed for light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy as with any other biological tissue. The results indicate that the ethylenediaminetetracetic acid-insoluble stone matrix keeps its architectural integrity and can be studied like other biological materials.
Discussion of the Themes

Chapter 8 discusses the themes alongside the aforementioned contexts of immigration, Korean and Korean American faith practices, shamanism, Asian American mental health, and the re conceptualization of theological and spiritual formation studies among Korean American girls. The hope is to provide information that assists the future cultivation of gender affirming transformation for the Korean American church’s religious education of Korean American girls.
Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment of Ureteral Calculi: Update 1988

The Bowman Gray Baptist Hospital experience with the first 20 patients with ureteral calculi treated with the Candela pulsed dye laser will be presented. The mean stone size was 8.75 mm (range 4 mm to 15 mm) and most of the stones were located in the lower ureter. The calculi could be satisfactorily fragmented in 75% of cases. Cystine and calcium oxalate monohydrate stones were more difficult to fragment with the laser. Complications were minimal. Laser lithotripsy appears to be an effective tool in the endourologic treatment of ureteral calculi.
Novel predictors of esophageal toxicity with stereotactic body radiation therapy for central lung tumors

The aim of this study is to report on clinical and dosimetric endpoints for development of esophagus toxicity (ET) in patients treated with thoracic stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). One hundred thirty-one patients were treated from 2006 to 2014 with SBRT for primary, recurrent, and metastatic lung tumors. Thirty-four had central lesions. We collected esophageal dosimetric data including Dmax, D1cc, D5cc, and D10cc. We recorded the percent circumferential luminal overlap at 10 Gy intervals from 10 Gy to Dmax, as well as at 24, 39, and 50 Gy, by dividing the extent of overlapping isodose by total esophagus luminal circumference (calculated by 2π√(a2 + b2/2)). Of 34 patients included for analysis, 9 had ET and 2 of which had high-grade ET. The mean axial percent esophagus encompassed by 24, 39, and 50 Gy isodose lines of patients with ET vs. no ET was 38.9 vs. 11.5 %, 8.8 vs. 2.3 %, and 5.7 vs. 0.5 % ( p = 0.04, 0.16, 0.13, respectively). Mean maximum point dose, D1cc and D5cc for patients with ET vs. those without was 31.2 Gy vs. 18.2 Gy, 25.5 Gy vs. 14.1 Gy, 19.6 Gy vs. 10.0 Gy (p = 0.045, 0.067, 0.071, respectively). Multiple treatment sites and previous thoracic radiation were significantly associated with ET. Previous thoracic RT, multiple-site irradiation, and percent esophageal overlap with 39 and 50 Gy isodose lines were most significantly associated with ET. These predictive factors can risk stratify SBRT patients for ET, and the dosimetric factors should be considered in treatment planning to decrease the risk of ET.
Ureteroenteric anastomotic revision as initial management of stricture after urinary diversion.

Objective To report our experience with ureteroenteric anastomotic revision as initial treatment of stricture after urinary diversion. Methods An institutional review board-approved retrospective study was carried out. A total of 41 patients who underwent primary ureteroenteric anastamotic revision were identified between 2007 and 2015. Data analyzed included patient characteristics, type of diversion, estimated blood loss, operative time, change in renal function, length of stay, postoperative complications and time with nephrostomy/stent. Success of revision was defined as an improvement in hydronephrosis on radiographic imaging and/or reflux during pouchogram. Predictors of length of stay and complications were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Results A total of 50 renal units were revised with a success rate of 100%. The median length of stay was 6 days (2-16 days). There were a total of 15 complications (one major, 14 minor) in 14 patients (33% 30-day complication rate). The most common were wound infection (n = 4) and arrhythmia (n = 4). Robotic revision (n = 5) had a median length of stay of 3 days (2-4) with no complications. Conclusions Primary ureteroenteric anastomotic revisions have an excellent success rate at an experienced center and might obviate the need for multiple interventions. Open revision is associated with mostly minor complications. Robotic revision might reduce the morbidity of open revision in select cases.
Regression Using Pairs vs. Regression on Differences: A Real-life Case Study for a Master's Level Methods Class

ABSTRACTWhen teaching regression classes real-life examples help emphasize the importance of understanding theoretical concepts related to methodologies. This can be appreciated after a little reflection on the difficulty of constructing novel questions in regression that test on concepts rather than mere calculations. Interdisciplinary collaborations can be fertile contexts for questions of this type. In this article, we offer a case study that students will find: (1) practical with respect to the question being addressed, (2) compelling in the way it shows how a solid understanding of theory helps answer the question, and (3) enlightening in the way it shows how statisticians contribute to problem solving in interdisciplinary environments. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Abstract TMP30: SICI During Voluntary Movement Reveals Persistent Impairment in Cortical Stroke

Introduction: Short intracortical inhibition (SICI) is a GABAa-mediated phenomenon argued to mediate motor selectivity. SICI is markedly reduced, producing motor disinhibition, in the sub-acute per...
A Transport Synthetic Acceleration Method for Transport Iterations

A family of transport synthetic acceleration (TSA) methods for iteratively solving within-group scattering problems is presented. A single iteration in these schemes consists of a transport sweep f...
Open and endovascular aneurysm repair in the Society for Vascular Surgery Vascular Quality Initiative

The Society for Vascular Surgery Vascular Quality Initiative is a patient safety organization and a collection of procedure-based registries that can be utilized for quality improvement initiatives and clinical outcomes research. The Vascular Quality Initiative consists of voluntary participation by centers to collect data prospectively on all consecutive cases within specific registries which physicians and centers elect to participate. The data capture extends from preoperative demographics and risk factors (including indications for operation), through the perioperative period, to outcomes data at up to 1-year of follow-up. Additionally, longer-term follow-up can be achieved by matching with Medicare claims data, providing long-term longitudinal follow-up for a majority of patients within the Vascular Quality Initiative registries. We present the unique characteristics of the Vascular Quality Initiative registries and highlight important insights gained specific to open and endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.
Peruvian Food Chain Jenga: Learning Ecosystems with an Interactive Model

A pilot study was conducted on a multimodal educational tool, Peruvian Food Chain Jenga (PFCJ), with 5th-grade students (N = 54) at a public charter school. The goal was to compare the effectiveness of the multimodal tool to a more traditional presentation of the same materials (food chain) using an experimental/control design. Data collection included a pretest/posttest and a “What I Did/What I Learned” response sheet. Quantitative analysis of pretest/posttest results showed both groups improved from pretest to posttest; however, there was no statistically significant difference between posttest results of experimental and control groups. Qualitative analysis of student open-ended responses indicated a difference between students who used the PFCJ and students in the control. The most striking difference occurred in how the students perceived the connectedness of species and the awareness of human impact. Our findings suggest that using a model such as PFCJ as a means of teaching and connecting scientific content with practices related to ecosystems is an effective method of engaging students in intelligent discussions about these topics.
Effect of Time-of-Flight and Regularized Reconstructions on Quantitative Measurements and Qualitative Assessments in Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer With 18F-Fluorocholine Dual Time Point PET/MRI:

Recent technical advances in positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) technology allow much improved time-of-flight (TOF) and regularized iterative PET reconstruction regularized iterative reconstruction (RIR) algorithms. We evaluated the effect of TOF and RIR on standardized uptake values (maximum and peak SUV [SUVmax and SUVpeak]) and their metabolic tumor volume dependencies and visual image quality for 18F-fluorocholine PET/MRI in patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer. Fourteen patients were administered with 3 MBq/kg of 18F-fluorocholine and scanned dynamically for 30 minutes. Positron emission tomography images were divided to early and late time points (1-6 minutes summed and 7-30 minutes summed). The values of the different SUVs were documented for dominant PET-avid lesions, and metabolic tumor volume was estimated using a 50% isocontour and SUV threshold of 2.5. Image quality was assessed via visual acuity scoring (VAS). We found that incorporation of TOF or RIR increased lesion SUVs. The lesion to background ratio was not improved by TOF reconstruction, while RIR improved the lesion to background ratio significantly ( P < .05). The values of the different VAS were all significantly higher ( P < .05) for RIR images over TOF, RIR over non-TOF, and TOF over non-TOF. In conclusion, our data indicate that TOF or RIR should be incorporated into current protocols when available.
Co-SpOT: Cooperative Spectrum Opportunity Detection Using Bayesian Clustering in Spectrum-Heterogeneous Cognitive Radio Networks

A Bayesian data-mining approach is introduced for dynamic spectrum sensing in spectrum-heterogeneous cognitive radio networks. The goal is to find the spectrum opportunities in temporal, spectral, and spatial domains in the presence of unreliable sensing data and unavailable location information. In spectrum-heterogeneous networks, the availability of spectrum varies over the space and different sensors experience different spectrum opportunities. Thus, the measurements from sensors cannot be simply aggregated to detect the spectrum opportunities. Moreover, unreliable data will negatively impact the decision-making process. The task of inferring the spectrum status becomes even more challenging when the sensors are not equipped with location-finding technologies. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic model to cluster the sensors solely based on their observations, not requiring any prior knowledge of the network topology, location of the sensors, or the number of clusters. After receiving the sensing data, the base station updates the probability distributions of cluster membership, channel availability, and device reliability. All the update rules are derived mathematically by the variational inference. Then, the distributions are employed to find spectrum opportunities via multi-label graph cuts method. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach with respect to existing algorithms.
Contribution of Breast Cancer to Overall Mortality for US Women.

Objective. Breast cancer simulation models must take changing mortality rates into account to evaluate the potential impact of cancer control interventions. We estimated mortality rates due to brea...
GIScience for a driverless age

ABSTRACTA driverless or autonomous vehicle requires significant support from information technology, both from central databases and from local sensors. The requirements for route guidance are in many ways more demanding than those of current guidance technologies, especially in the ‘last mile’ of a route. Significant extensions are needed for both street-centerline and point-of-interest databases. How these should be captured and structured present significant research challenges for GIScience. The societal and longer term impacts of such extensions are perhaps even more in need of focused research by the GIScience community.
MobiT: Distributed and Congestion-Resilient Trajectory-Based Routing for Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks

Packet routing is important for vehicular delay tolerant networks (VDTNs). Opportunistic routing algorithms based on historical records are insufficiently accurate in forwarder selection due to movement randomness of vehicles. Trajectory-based routing algorithms tackle vehicle movement randomness but cannot be directly used in VDTNs due to the dependence on APs. In this paper, we develop a distributed trajectory-based routing algorithm (called MobiT) for VDTNs. This non-trivial task faces three challenges. First, vehicle trajectories must be sufficiently collected. Second, the trajectories cannot be updated frequently due to limited resources of the repository nodes. Third, achieving high routing performance even with partially collected trajectories. Our real trace study lays the foundation of the design of MobiT. Taking advantage of different roles of vehicles, MobiT uses service vehicles that move in wide areas to collect vehicle trajectories, and rely on the service vehicles and roadside units (called schedulers) for routing scheduling. By using regular temporal congestion state of road segments, MobiT schedules the packet to arrive at a roadside unit prior to the destination vehicle to improve routing performance. Furthermore, MobiT leverages vehicles’ long-term mobility patterns to assist routing. Our trace-driven simulation and real experiments show the effectiveness and efficiency of MobiT.
Introduction to Wireless Communications

This chapter provides an introduction to the basic concepts of a wireless communication system. First, a simple point-to-point wireless link is considered and the key techniques at the transmitter and receiver that are required for a successful communication are discussed. The wireless medium being inherently a shared medium, multiple access methods to support numerous users in a given area is critical. This chapter also discusses several multiuser communication schemes. Specifically, two popular multiuser transmission strategies - CDMA and OFDM, are described and their merits and challenges discussed. We also provide a brief introduction to Shannon‘s theoretic capacity concept and discuss simple coding methods used in wireless channels.
Examination of Diazaspiro Cores as Piperazine Bioisosteres in the Olaparib Framework Shows Reduced DNA Damage and Cytotoxicity

Development of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi's) continues to be an attractive area of research due to synthetic lethality in DNA repair deficient cancers; however, PARPi's also have potential as therapeutics to prevent harmful inflammation. We investigated the pharmacological impact of incorporating spirodiamine motifs into the phthalazine architecture of FDA approved PARPi olaparib. Synthesized analogues were screened for PARP-1 affinity, enzyme specificity, catalytic inhibition, DNA damage, and cytotoxicity. This work led to the identification of 10e (12.6 ± 1.1 nM), which did not induce DNA damage at similar drug concentrations as olaparib. Interestingly, several worst in class compounds with low PARP-1 affinity, including 15b (4397 ± 1.1 nM), induced DNA damage at micromolar concentrations, which can explain the cytotoxicity observed in vitro. This work provides further evidence that high affinity PARPi's can be developed without DNA damaging properties offering potential new drugs for treating inflammatory related diseases.