cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Some Evident Truths About Conversations in Everyday Relationships All Communications Are Not Created Equal

This article presents a program of studies that map out daily conversations and so establish a geography of everyday communication. A new method (the Iowa Communication Record) is offered to extend research using diary methods and focus the researcher on communication in daily life. Three studies collectively show (a) consistent sex differences in the quality and nature of conversations across different types of relationships, (b) a consistent rank ordering of relationship types that differs from that intuitively included in previous models of relationship formation, and (c) a consistent difference between conversations held on different days of the week, with Wednesdays associated with greater degrees of conflictive communication. Self-disclosure is much less frequent in everyday life than assumed on the basis of laboratory work, and the predominant form of communication in intimate relationships is not only nonintimate but not simply distinguishable from communication in other relationship types. Communication quality distinguishes female from male partners, suggesting that previous findings on preference for female partners are truly founded in communication variables, which have previously been underrated. The article shows that closer attention must in future be paid to communicative variations created by daily events and circumstances, and the role of routine communication in daily life must be explored in future studies of social participation.
Near-Field Scanning Optical Imaging with Monolithic Silicon Light Emitting Diode on Probe Tip

We describe optical and topographic imaging using a light emitting diode (LED) monolithically integrated on a silicon probe tip for near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). The light emission resulted from a silicon dioxide layer buried between a phosphorus-doped N+ silicon layer and a gallium-doped P+ silicon region created locally at the tip by a focused ion beam (FIB). The tip was employed in a standard NSOM excitation setup. The probe successfully measured optical as well as topographic images of a chromium test pattern with imaging resolutions of 400 nm and 50 nm, respectively. The directional resolution dependence of the acquired images directly corresponds to the shape, size and polarity of the light source on the probe tip. To our knowledge, this report is the first successful near-field imaging result directly measured by such tip-embedded light sources.
Relaxation in the presence of an rf field

The equations that govern the relaxation of a system of nuclear spins in the presence of a radiofrequency (rf) field are studied with the aim of demonstrating the new features that the rf field introduces into the Redfield treatment of relaxation. It is shown under what conditions Redfield relaxation matrix elements reduce to the usual expressions in the absence of an rf field. The potential alteration of experimental relaxation rates by an rf field is considered. ©1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson 9: 347–353, 1997
Modern gay and lesbian libraries and archives in North America: a study in community identity and affirmation

Reviews the development of the gay and lesbian movement. The theoretical foundations for gay and lesbian archives and libraries are discussed, together with the way in which their mission statements reflect concerns for their history, heritage and the need to correct the past neglect of the gay and lesbian role in society. The problems faced by the archives and libraries include funding and that they rely mainly on volunteer help. Much of the pre‐1960s material is in danger of deterioration and of being lost since there is not adequate cataloguing and listing of documents. There is a need for national databases of collections, networking, and digitisation.
Thermally induced imprint properties of chemical solution derived PLZT thin films

Abstract We investigate the imprint phenomenon by poling ferroelectric PLZT capacitors into a known state and exposing the devices to elevated temperatures. It is found that the compensation of oxygen vacancies is a important process parameter in determining the tendency to imprint. In the case of PLZT thin films, the voltage shifts related to imprint failure are attributed to the trapping electrons at defect sites near film/electrode interface, the magnitude of polarization and concentration of defect-dipole complexes involving oxygen vacancies such as V″Pb - V″o. The thermally induced voltage shifts in PLZT thin films are dopant concentration dependent and decrease with increasing the La concentration of the films.
CO2 Clustering of 1-Decanol and Methanol in Supercritical Fluids by 13C Nuclear Spin−Lattice Relaxation

A sapphire high-pressure NMR cell, capable of independently controlling sample pressure, temperature, and concentration, is used to measure 13C spin−lattice relaxation times for carbons 1, 5, and 9 of 1-decanol in dense carbon dioxide at pressure between 80 and 200 atm. These NMR experiments, carried out along four isotherms between 288 and 348 K, provide relaxation data for 1-decanol in liquid and supercritical fluid CO2. The nuclear spin−lattice relaxation mechanisms for carbons 1, 5, and 9 of 1-decanol as well as for the carbon nucleus in carbon dioxide of this mixture are discussed. The relaxation data are analyzed using a modified Stokes−Einstein−Debye equation, together with an AK model, that postulates the formation of CO2 clusters with the 1-decanol molecule in CO2−decanol mixture at supercritical and near-critical liquid densities. Such CO2 cluster formation with methanol molecules was also detected in earlier relaxation measurements in CO2−methanol mixtures at the comparable densities. Possible ...
Automatic Formal Verification of Fused-Multiply-Add FPUs

In this paper we describe a fully-automated methodology for formal verification of fused-multiply-add floating point units (FPU). Our methodology verifies an implementation FPU against a simple reference model derived from the processor's architectural specification, which may include all aspects of the IEEE specification including denormal operands and exceptions. Our strategy uses a combination of BDD- and SAT-based symbolic simulation. To make this verification task tractable, we use a combination of case-splitting, multiplier isolation, and automatic model reduction techniques. The case-splitting is defined only in terms of the reference model, which makes this approach easily portable to new designs. The methodology is directly applicable to multi-GHz industrial implementation models (e.g., HDL or gate-level circuit representations) that contain all details of the high-performance transistor-level model, such as aggressive pipelining, clocking, etc. Experimental results are provided to demonstrate the computational efficiency of this approach.
Intrinsic Macrolide Resistance in Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria

This study reports the discovery of erm genes in seven species of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM): Mycobacterium boenickei, M. goodii, M. houstonense, M. mageritense, M. neworleansense, M. porcinum, and M. wolinskyi. This study further substantiates the role of erm genes in intrinsic macrolide resistance in RGM.
Molecular clock in neutral protein evolution

Background A frequent observation in molecular evolution is that amino-acid substitution rates show an index of dispersion (that is, ratio of variance to mean) substantially larger than one. This observation has been termed the overdispersed molecular clock. On the basis of in silico protein-evolution experiments, Bastolla and coworkers recently proposed an explanation for this observation: Proteins drift in neutral space, and can temporarily get trapped in regions of substantially reduced neutrality. In these regions, substitution rates are suppressed, which results in an overall substitution process that is not Poissonian. However, the simulation method of Bastolla et al. is representative only for cases in which the product of mutation rate μ and population size Ne is small. How the substitution process behaves when μNe is large is not known.
“Who I Am and What I Want”: Adolescents' Self-Definition and Struggles

This article examined self-definition in a sample of adolescents with and without disabilities to understand how they develop a sense of themselves and influential contextual factors. Central findings focus attention on students' self-definition, the degree to which they struggle in their lives, and the social support they are able to access and use. Students varied on level of self-definition, struggle, and type of support. Variation was dependent upon the clarity of the students' sense of themselves, their vision for the future, and their access to and use of supports to cope with decisions and difficulties faced as they prepared to graduate from high school. Students with disabilities were most likely to have low self-definition and experience high struggle.
Vertebral compression fractures: a review of current management and multimodal therapy

Vertebral compression fractures are a prevalent disease affecting osteoporotic patients. When symptomatic, they cause significant pain and loss of function and have a high public health impact. In this paper we outline the diagnosis and management of these patients, with evidence-based review of treatment outcomes for the various therapeutic options. Diagnosis involves a clinical history focusing on the nature of the patient's pain as well as various imaging studies. Management is multimodal in nature and starts with conservative therapy consisting of analgesic medication, medication for osteoporosis, physical therapy, and bracing. Patients who are refractory to conservative management may be candidates for vertebral augmentation through either vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty.
A preliminary phytochemical investigation of the tannin obtained from Pinus caribaea Morelet.

A new and simple technique was developed in order to remove the water soluble substances from the tannin found in Pinus caribaea. This tannin exhibited all the chemical and physical properties usually attributed to phlobatannins. The so-called “phlobaphene test” when applied to certain derivatives gave a red color which indicated die development of a chromophoric group whose visible absorption spectrum was in die range of that exhibited by the anthocyanins. The colored compounds could be smoothly reduced to a colorless or nearly colorless compound which in appearance was much like the original compound. Analyses of several derivatives indicated that C15H14O6 residues might be present in the tannin molecule. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the original tannin and its derivatives was at about 2775 A. which is in the region exhibited by several other naturally occurring phlobatannins and some anthocyanins.
Analysis of nonlinear thermoelastic plate equations

In this article, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions to a nonlinear system of partial differential equations arising from the modelling of multi-field interactions of a thermoelastic plate-strip.
Instability Analysis of Strained Interfaces Via a Discrete Atom Method

The morphological instability of an epitaxially-strained, thin film is studied by means of a discrete atom method in a dislocation-free, two-dimensional crystal. The instability of the film-substrate interface is also examined in conjunction with the migration of the free surface. The results show that a mobile film-substrate interface can accelerate merger between the two surfaces, and anisotropic effects facilitate island formation. In addition, the instability of a curved interface is discussed with the results on the morphological evolution of coherent precipitates. A circular, soft precipitate in an isotropic matrix undergoes a series of shape transitions before reaching its equilibrium shape. As in the strained thin film case, transition begins with interfacial waves induced by the coherency strain. The waves then develop small lobes, which coarsen into a lower density of larger lobes. The larger lobes eventually coarsen as the equilibrium shape is approached. Anisotropic effects suppress some of the interfacial waves.
Tame automorphisms of finitely generated abelian groups

We characterize tame automorphisms of finitely generated abelian groups via a simple determinant condition.
Dkk1 haploinsufficiency requires expression of Bmp2 for bone anabolic activity

Bone fractures remain a serious health burden and prevention and enhanced healing of fractures have been obtained by augmenting either BMP or Wnt signaling. However, whether BMP and Wnt signaling are both required or are self-sufficient for anabolic and fracture healing activities has never been fully elucidated. Mice haploinsufficient for Dkk1 (Dkk1(+/-)) exhibit a high bone mass phenotype due to an up-regulation of canonical Wnt signaling while mice lacking Bmp2 expression in the limbs (Bmp2(c/c);Prx1::cre) succumb to spontaneous fracture and are unable to initiate fracture healing; combined, these mice offer an opportunity to examine the requirement for activated BMP signaling on the anabolic and fracture healing activity of Wnts. When Dkk1(+/-) mice were crossed with Bmp2(c/c);Prx1::cre mice, the offspring bearing both genetic alterations were unable to increase bone mass and heal fractures, indicating that increased canonical Wnt signaling is unable to exploit its activity in absence of Bmp2. Thus, our data suggest that BMP signaling is required for Wnt-mediated anabolic activity and that therapies aimed at preventing fractures and fostering fracture repair may need to target both pathways for maximal efficacy.
Intended and unintended effects of explicit warnings on eyewitness suggestibility: Evidence from source identification tests

Previous studies have shown that source identification (ID) tests reduce, and in some cases eliminate, eyewitness suggestibility errors. The present study showed that the suggestibility errors participants committed on a source ID test were further reduced when they were given the explicit postwarning that the experimenter was trying to trick them. These postwarnings reduced suggestibility to the same extent as prewarnings, and they did so for both once and repeatedly suggested items. In addition, the benefits of the pre- and postwarnings persisted when participants were retested 1 week later, but only if the suggestions had been repeated. For once-suggested items, the warning had the unintended effect of improving old/new recognition of the suggested information at retest, an effect that offset the improvements in source discrimination accuracy conferred by the warning. The advantages of using source ID tests for investigating group differences in eyewitness suggestibility are discussed.
Observations on toxins of poisonous fishes

Summary1. Not all animals are sensitive to the Ciguatera-type toxin. 2. This toxin is not water soluble, but is soluble in 90% ethanol and certain other solvents. 3. The toxin may be detoxified when concentrated in normal atmospheric oxygen, but remains toxic under nitrogen. 4. The test previously used to assess this toxicity is not sufficiently sensitive and depends upon the suspended matter in the extract.
TRIM79α, an Interferon-Stimulated Gene Product, Restricts Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Replication by Degrading the Viral RNA Polymerase

In response to virus infection, type I interferons (IFNs) induce several genes, most of whose functions are largely unknown. Here, we show that the tripartite motif (TRIM) protein, TRIM79α, is an IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) product that specifically targets tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a Flavivirus that causes encephalitides in humans. TRIM79α restricts TBEV replication by mediating lysosome-dependent degradation of the flavivirus NS5 protein, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase essential for virus replication. NS5 degradation was specific to tick-borne flaviviruses, as TRIM79α did not recognize NS5 from West Nile virus (WNV) or inhibit WNV replication. In the absence of TRIM79α, IFN-β was less effective in inhibiting tick-borne flavivirus infection of mouse macrophages, highlighting the importance of a single virus-specific ISG in establishing an antiviral state. The specificity of TRIM79α for TBEV reveals a remarkable ability of the innate IFN response to discriminate between closely related flaviviruses.
Sense of community in l'Arche and in the writings of Jean Vanier

Intentional communities are an extreme effort to create a sense of community and thus highlight the conditions necessary to realize such an aspiration. This article describes l'Arche communities and examines the writings of their founder, Jean Vanier, in an effort to determine what sense of community is as lived at l'Arche. It is suggested that the creation of a sense of community in the larger society demands conditions similar to those at l'Arche, but to a lesser degree.
Bullying among urban Mexican-heritage youth: Exploring risk for substance use by status as a bully, victim, and bully-victim

Little is known about adolescent bullying behavior and its relationship to substance use in ethnic minority populations. In a sample of youth of Mexican heritage, the current study aimed to examine the prevalence of bullying behavior subtypes and its co-occurrence with recent alcohol, cigarette, and inhalant use. Data come from a school-based substance use prevention study in the Southwestern U.S. (n=809). We explored the prevalence of bullying behavior by status among youth classified as bullies, victims, bully-victims, and rarely-involved bully-victims in an urban context. We also investigated risk of past 30-day use of alcohol, cigarettes, and inhalants by bullying behavior status. Compared to non-involved youth, rarely-involved bully-victims were more likely to use alcohol, bullies were more likely to engage in alcohol and cigarette use, and bully-victims were more likely to use alcohol, cigarettes, and inhalants. In contrast, victims were not significantly at risk of substance use compared to non-involved youth. Chronic bullies and bully-victims are particularly at risk for substance use, with chronic bully-victims reflecting the greatest risk of using multiple substances. Prevention and early intervention programs aimed to reduce bullying can also work to decrease other risky behaviors, such as substance use, and should attend to the growing ethnic diversity among youth.
Convenient Fictions, Inconvenient Truths: A Comment on Öniş and Bayram

Ziya Onis and Ismail Emre Bayram seek to assess whether the rapid rates of growth experienced by the Turkish economy since it weathered a severe crisis in 2001 as measured by several indices—high levels of investment, especially foreign investment; sustained “export orientation;” increased outlays for education, research and development; sustained economic and political stability, and “favorable regional dynamics” as the European Union (EU) enlargement process—are merely a flash in the pan or sustainable over the long-run. To do this they cast the Turkish trajectory against the “miracle economies” of East Asia, as well as some other middle-and low-income economies in Latin America and elsewhere. Based on this analysis, they conclude that while there are some serious concerns—low domestic savings rate, large deficits in the current account, tapering off the EU accession process, dependence on foreign capital and export markets— long-term sustainable growth can be achieved in Turkey if these vulnerabilities are addressed.
The Second Named Data Networking Community Meeting (NDNcomm 2015)

This report is a brief summary of the second NDN Community Meeting held at UCLA in Los Angeles, California on September 28-29, 2015. The meeting provided a platform for the attendees from 49 institutions across 13 countries to exchange their recent NDN research and development results, to debate existing and proposed functionality in NDN forwarding, routing, and security, and to provide feedback to the NDN architecture design evolution.
Bi-intercalation process of high stage metal chloride-graphite intercalation compounds

Stage-4 AlCl3-GIC prepared by the standard two-zone method were oxidized galvanostatically in H2SO4. The X-ray diffraction data indicate the stepwise intercalation of H2SO4 into host graphite and no formation of the GBC is observed, whereas AlCl3 is deintercalated in an early step of the reaction. In the case of the stage-4 MoCl5-GIC, the galvanostatic oxidation caused the stepwise bi-intercalation of H2SO4 into the host GIC as well as the displacement of MoCl5 by H2SO4.Alternatively, AlCl3 vapour was allowed to react with stage-3 FeCl3-GIC. The competition between the displacement reaction of FeCl3 by AlCl3 and the stepwise bi-intercalation of AlCl3 into the stage-3 FeCl3-GIC was observed.The bi-intercalation process of such a high stage GIC is explained with a schematic chemical potential diagram, comparing the bi-intercalation into stage-2 GIC.
An attempt to confirm an in vitro cultivation of rat leprosy organism.

1J years and can be shown to cause rat leprosy following reinoculation into rats. In subculture these organisms grow rapidly (1 to 3 days) and produce smooth, greyto orange-colored colonies. In 1947 Dr. Ashbel demonstrated to us sections of lesions which were said to have resulted from the inoculation of such cultured organisms. Since these lesions were unquestionably rat lepromata, an attempt has been made with the assistance of Dr. Ashbel
Analysis of the design and dynamics of aortic bioprostheses in vivo

An understanding of the in vivo design and dynamics of the present bioprosthetic valves should provide the information necessary for an improvement in their efficiency and durability. Three types of commercially available bioprostheses were prepared with radiopaque markers and implanted in the aortic position in calves. One week later, under light general anesthesia, the animals were studied to determine the in vivo design, shape, configuration, and motion of the bioprostheses. This information was then compared to that previously obtained from the natural aortic valve in vivo. The following observations were made: (1) In all three types of bioprostheses, the three leaflets opened and closed simultaneously in less than one thirtieth of a second; (2) there was no detectable flexion of the stent posts in any of the three types of valves; (3) in all of the bioprostheses studied, the greatest flexion occurred along the attachment of the leaflets; (4) the systolic and the diastolic geometry of the three types of valves was completely different for each type of valve, and none duplicated the geometry of the natural aortic valve; (5) the open configuration of the leaflets was different for each type of prosthetic valve and different from the natural aortic valve; (6) the zone of leaflet bending varied in size and extent for each of the valves. It is concluded that the differences between the design of bioprosthetic valves and that of natural valves are probably a major factor in increasing the stresses in bioprostheses. Hence stress failures could be reduced and durability increased by redesigning bioprostheses to duplicate more closely the design of the natural aortic valve.
Genomic colinearity as a tool for plant gene isolation

Plant genomes show genomic colinearity in spite of the tremendous variability exhibited in their genome size and chromosomal constitution. Comparative genetics can assist in isolation of a mapped gene in a large genome plant species using a small genome plant as a surrogate. Here, we describe various steps involved in the process of gene isolation using genomic colinearity. This involves fine resolution mapping in the large genome species and using common low copy number DNA markers that map to orthologous regions in small and large genome species to isolate candidate genes from the small genome species. Further, alternate strategies are described in cases where the targeted gene is absent in the orthologous region of the small genome species. We also discuss various technologies that can be used for the confirmation of candidate genes.
Bloodborne Pathogen Contamination on Laboratory Automation Systems.

To the Editor: Clinical laboratories over the last few decades have transitioned from mostly manual methods to predominantly automated methods. That transition continues today with the widespread adoption of total laboratory automation systems that take over many of the routine processing steps for laboratory staff, such as centrifugation and decapping. While this has certainly been a boon for many laboratories, and may have reduced overall biohazard exposure risk to many laboratory staff, all new technologies require understanding of their capabilities. The article by Bryan et al., “Bloodborne Pathogen Contamination in the Era of Laboratory Automation,” published in the July 2016 issue of Clinical Chemistry (1), demonstrates this. This study is the first detailed, rigorous analysis of …
An Efficient Abortable-locking Protocol for Multi-level NUMA Systems

The popularity of Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) architectures has led to numerous locality-preserving hierarchical lock designs, such as HCLH, HMCS, and cohort locks. Locality-preserving locks trade fairness for higher throughput. Hence, some instances of acquisitions can incur long latencies, which may be intolerable for certain applications. Few locks admit a waiting thread to abandon its protocol on a timeout. State-of-the-art abortable locks are not fully locality aware, introduce high overheads, and unsuitable for frequent aborts. Enhancing locality-aware locks with lightweight timeout capability is critical for their adoption. In this paper, we design and evaluate the HMCS-T lock, a Hierarchical MCS (HMCS) lock variant that admits a timeout. HMCS-T maintains the locality benefits of HMCS while ensuring aborts to be lightweight. HMCS-T offers the progress guarantee missing in most abortable queuing locks. Our evaluations show that HMCS-T offers the timeout feature at a moderate overhead over its HMCS analog. HMCS-T, used in an MPI runtime lock, mitigated the poor scalability of an MPI+OpenMP BFS code and resulted in 4.3x superior scaling.
Optimized two-level parallelization for GPU accelerators using the polyhedral model

While GPUs play an increasingly important role in today's high-performance computers, optimizing GPU performance continues to impose large burdens upon programmers. A major challenge in optimizing codes for GPUs stems from the two levels of hardware parallelism, blocks and threads; each of these levels has significantly different characteristics, requiring different optimization strategies. In this paper, we propose a novel compiler optimization algorithm for GPU parallelism. Our approach is based on the polyhedral model, which has enabled significant advances in program analysis and transformation compared to traditional AST-based frameworks. We extend polyhedral schedules to enable two-level parallelization through the idea of superposition, which integrates separate schedules for block-level and thread-level parallelism. Our experimental results demonstrate that our proposed compiler optimization framework can deliver 1.8x and 2.1x geometric mean improvements on NVIDIA Tesla M2050 and K80 GPUs, compared to a state-of-the-art polyhedral parallel code generator (PPCG) for GPGPUs.
From Food Trucks to Fashion Trucks: An Exploration of the Fashion Truck Phenomenon through the Eyes of the Entrepreneur

Recently, the food truck model has quickly become a phenomenon that's revolutionized the restaurant industry (Weber, 2012). Taking a cue from the food truck craze, many entrepreneurs are applying the food truck model to the apparel retail market by selling their merchandise through fashion trucks or mobile retailers (Feloni, 2014). While the notion of mobile retailers has recently gained popularity, no academic study to date has assessed this trend. Thus, the purpose of this study is to gain deeper understanding of the fashion truck phenomenon from a retail entrepreneur perspective. An exploratory study was conducted to address the lack of research concerning the fashion truck phenomenon. Using a qualitative research approach, primary data was collected by researchers via in-depth interviews with six fashion truck entrepreneurs. Four broad themes were identified from the interviews: (1) Mobile is Social, (2) Personal Touch, (3) A Taste of the Unique, and (4) Passion Project.
SPY Elite's Ability to Predict Nipple Necrosis in Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Tissue Expander Reconstruction.

Background Nipple-sparing techniques have improved the aesthetics of reconstruction following mastectomy, but nipple necrosis complicates up to 37% of procedures, distressing patients, delaying adjuvant therapy, and compromising outcomes. No method reliably detects nipple necrosis better than clinical assessment of tissue perfusion. We prospectively assessed the accuracy of intraoperative indocyanine green laser angiography to predict nipple necrosis. Methods Twenty consecutive women undergoing immediate tissue expander breast reconstruction following 32 nipple-sparing mastectomies underwent indocyanine green fluorescence imaging to assess nipple perfusion immediately before and after intraoperative tissue expansion. Imaging findings were correlated with postoperative nipple viability. Results Among the 32 nipple-sparing mastectomies (8 unilateral, 12 bilateral) in 20 women (mean age, 48 years), partial or full-thickness necrotic changes developed in 3 breasts of 2 patients (10%). Imaging identified impaired perfusion and predicted necrosis in these cases. Conclusions In this initial series, intraoperative indocyanine green laser angiography correctly identified patients who developed nipple necrosis during mastectomy and tissue expander breast reconstruction.
GROŽIO TERAPIJOS PASLAUGŲ SEKTORINIAME PRAKTINIO MOKYMO CENTRE KOKYBĖS VERTINIMAS

The article analyzes the practical aspects of quality evaluation of beauty therapy services quality at the thepractical teaching center and describes the beauty therapy service quality and its criteria of introdusing quality test results from perspective of a consumer This article is based on the analysis of scientific and normativeliterature and the results of quality research which are based on the model of beauty therapy service quality evaluation. KEY WORDS: Quality, Beauty Therapy service, consumer point of view, sectoral practical training center. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/tbb.v76i1.1518
Predicting treatment response for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: A multi-institutional MR spectroscopy study

A20 Numerous studies have shown that the sum of the levels of phospholipid-related metabolites phosphoethanolamine plus phosphocholine (Etn-P + Cho-P) is increased in tumor masses suggesting that phospholipid metabolism is an intrinsic part of the cancer process. Preliminary work on the pre-treatment non-invasive measurement of Etn-P + Cho-P normalized by the Pβ signal of nucleotide triphosphates ([Etn-P + Cho-P]/NTP) in 31 P-MR spectra of the tumor masses of patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) has shown that this measurement can be used as a predictive prognostic factor. In order to demonstrate reproducibility and validate the predictive prognostic results of [Etn-P + Cho-P]/NTP and its combination with IPI, a cohort of NHL patients from six research institutions under a cooperative agreement have been studied. This cooperative agreement has entailed the acquisition of non-contaminated 31 P spectra from human tumors in situ . For this, stringent standardization and data inclusion have been set up. To correlate the [Etn-P + Cho-P]/NTP value with clinical data, the patients were divided into four risk groups using the IPI. In order to classify a patient as having a complete response to treatment (CR), this response should have been maintained for six or more months post-treatment following the WHO criteria. All those patients that failed treatment on or before the 6-month mark were included in the not-complete response group (NCR). The CR cases of the 59 selected studies were evenly distributed between the low and low-intermediate risk groups, with just two CR cases in the high-intermediate group and none in the high group. The [Etn-P + Cho-P]/NTP ratios were significantly different between the CR and NCR for both the low risk (1.58 ± 0.1, mean ± standard error, n = 6 vs . 2.30 ± 0.24, n = 8; p vs . 1.96 ± 0.15, n = 10; p
Gasoline Compression Ignition—A Simulation-Based Perspective

Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) is an advanced combustion concept for internal combustion engines, where gasoline is ignited purely through compression, without the use of a spark. Combustion is the result of a sequence of autoignition events based on reactivity stratification within the charge. In recent years, GCI has garnered significant interest owing to its potential to deliver diesel-like efficiency with much lower engine-out soot and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emissions. In this work, we present results from a series of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation studies performed by us to understand the impact of design features and operating conditions on GCI, focusing on idle to low loads, where igniting gasoline purely through compression is challenging. These simulations are based on experiments performed at Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne) on a four-cylinder diesel engine modified to run in GCI mode. We studied the impact of factors like injector nozzle inclusion angle, injection timing, injection pressure, boost level, and swirl ratio. The preignition reaction space from the results was analyzed to understand the interplay between these factors and the overall reactivity. We also delve into the impact of uncertainties in CFD model inputs such as model parameters and initial and boundary conditions on simulation results by performing a global sensitivity analysis (GSA), based on thousands of CFD calculations run on a supercomputer at Argonne.
Admitting a Sense of Superiority: Aggrandized Higher Education Status as an Objection to Educational Inequality

Recalling the landmark US Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the advancement of educational equality is often associated with the reduction of stigmatizing differences in status or “sense of inferiority” engendered by separately and differentially educated citizens. This essay takes up the obverse concern, the sense of superiority sustained by educational inequality, with particular focus on the inequality signaled by higher education status (HES). I contend that the presence of aggrandized HES in a democratic society provides reasons to object to educational inequality for which institutions of higher education ought to be held responsible. Aggrandized HES not only demands a questionable deference from citizens in a democratic society; it also weakens HES’s signaling of epistemic authority and equality of educational opportunity, which harms the public’s motivation to learn by distorting beliefs about education. To address this problem, I argue that the best policy solution for curbing aggrandized uses of HES is to transform the positional aspect of higher education using an admissions policy originally suggested by Elizabeth Anderson, which I term the elite culture strategy. Beyond admissions policies, this essay addresses the larger concern of educating citizens to perceive and assess educational status according to democratic norms and not solely in terms of self-interested gain.
Optimierung der Geldmarktgeschäfte durch den Einsatz eines DV-gestützten Treasury-Management-Systems

Die zunehmende Komplexitat des Finanzmanagements durch stetig wachsende Internationalisierung der deutschen Wirtschaft verbunden mit einer weiteren Steigerung der Abhangigkeit von den internationalen Geld- und Kapitalmarkten fuhrt dazu, das EDV-gestutzte Finanzmanagement-Systeme immer mehr an Bedeutung gewinnen.
Precision Isn't Everything: A Hybrid Approach to Grammatical Error Detection

Some grammatical error detection methods, including the ones currently used by the Educational Testing Service's e-rater system (Attali and Burstein, 2006), are tuned for precision because of the perceived high cost of false positives (i.e., marking fluent English as ungrammatical). Precision, however, is not optimal for all tasks, particularly the HOO 2012 Shared Task on grammatical errors, which uses F-score for evaluation. In this paper, we extend e-rater's preposition and determiner error detection modules with a large-scale n-gram method (Bergsma et al., 2009) that complements the existing rule-based and classifier-based methods. On the HOO 2012 Shared Task, the hybrid method performed better than its component methods in terms of F-score, and it was competitive with submissions from other HOO 2012 participants.
Using Photovoice to examine adolescents' experiences receiving mental health services in the United States.

In the U.S., fewer than half of children and adolescents who report mental disorders receive care and the needs of those who receive care have yet to be explored. There is a scarcity of studies examining the needs of adolescents with mental conditions and at risk for suicide. Learning directly from the adolescents can fill in this gap by providing insight that clinicians and researchers lack about adolescents' experience. This study uses Photovoice, a Community-Based Participatory Research method that involves focus groups and the use of cameras by participants to visually capture their reality and express their ideas through photographs. By using Photovoice, this study aims to provide an opportunity for adolescents to voice their own perspectives and for researchers and clinicians to gain an understanding of adolescents' life experience away from the treatment setting, as well as their experience as consumers of mental health services. Four participants, including two 15 year olds and two 17 year olds, were recruited from a mental health clinic in New York City. Parental consent and adolescent assent were collected per Institutional Review Board requirements. Thematic analysis was used to identify and report response patterns. Four themes emerged: (i) sense of self, (ii) family, (iii) suicidal ideation and (iv) treatment. Findings suggest that Photovoice is valued by adolescents and leads to critical thinking, self-reflection, discovering strengths and social support. Adolescents reported feeling empowered, which is the ultimate goal of Photovoice. Photovoice presents a powerful opportunity to be used as therapeutic strategy with adolescents that demands further research.
PhishMon: A Machine Learning Framework for Detecting Phishing Webpages

Despite numerous research efforts, phishing attacks remain prevalent and highly effective in luring unsuspecting users to reveal sensitive information, including account credentials and social security numbers. In this paper, we propose PhishMon, a new feature-rich machine learning framework to detect phishing webpages. It relies on a set of fifteen novel features that can be efficiently computed from a webpage without requiring third-party services, such as search engines, or WHOIS servers. These features capture various characteristics of legitimate web applications as well as their underlying web infrastructures. Emulation of these features is costly for phishers as it demands to spend significantly more time and effort on their underlying infrastructures and web applications; in addition to the efforts required for replicating the appearance of target websites. Through extensive evaluation on a dataset consisting of 4,800 distinct phishing and 17,500 distinct benign webpages, we show that PhishMon can distinguish unseen phishing from legitimate webpages with a very high degree of accuracy. In our experiments, PhishMon achieved 95.4% accuracy with 1.3% false positive rate on a dataset containing unique phishing instances.
Application of Clinical Judgment Models to the Development of Academic Advisors

The critical thinking process of professional reasoning underlies academic advising practice. Although an essential component to effective advising, professional reasoning is rarely explicitly taug...
Higher-order interaction inhibits bacterial invasion of a phototroph-predator microbial community

Abstract In nature, the composition of an ecosystem is thought to be important for determining its resistance to invasion by new species. Studies of invasions in natural ecosystems, from plant to microbial communities, have found that more diverse communities are more resistant to invasion. It is thought that more diverse communities resist invasion by more completely consuming the resources necessary for would-be invaders. Here we show that Escherichia coli can successfully invade cultures of the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (phototroph) or the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila (predator), but cannot invade a community where both are present. The invasion resistance of the algae-ciliate community is due to a higher-order (3-way) interaction that is unrelated to resource consumption. We show that the mechanism of this interaction is the algal inhibition of bacterial aggregation which leaves bacteria vulnerable to ciliate predation. This mechanism of invasion resistance requires both the algae and the ciliate to be present and provides an example of invasion resistance through a trait-mediated higher-order interaction.
Dynamic MRI using model-based deep learning and SToRM priors: MoDL-SToRM

Purpose To introduce a novel framework to combine deep-learned priors along with complementary image regularization penalties to reconstruct free breathing & ungated cardiac MRI data from highly undersampled multi-channel measurements. Methods Image recovery is formulated as an optimization problem, where the cost function is the sum of data consistency term, convolutional neural network (CNN) denoising prior, and SmooThness regularization on manifolds (SToRM) prior that exploits the manifold structure of images in the dataset. An iterative algorithm, which alternates between denoizing of the image data using CNN and SToRM, and conjugate gradients (CG) step that minimizes the data consistency cost is introduced. Unrolling the iterative algorithm yields a deep network, which is trained using exemplar data. Results The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework can offer fast recovery of free breathing and ungated cardiac MRI data from less than 8.2s of acquisition time per slice. The reconstructions are comparable in image quality to SToRM reconstructions from 42s of acquisition time, offering a fivefold reduction in scan time. Conclusions The results show the benefit in combining deep learned CNN priors with complementary image regularization penalties. Specifically, this work demonstrates the benefit in combining the CNN prior that exploits local and population generalizable redundancies together with SToRM, which capitalizes on patient-specific information including cardiac and respiratory patterns. The synergistic combination is facilitated by the proposed framework.
Acute Immune Hemolytic Anemia after administration of high dose IVIG in a child with Kawasaki disease

Background: Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile illness of unknown etiology, characterized by vasculitis of medium -sized arteries with a predilection for the coronary arteries. It is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in childhood with 20-25% of untreated children developing coronary artery abnormalities. The mainstays of therapy are intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) and high dose aspirin to prevent or modify the most serious cardiac sequelae. Though rare, immune-mediated hemolysis is a recognized and potentially catastrophic side effect of administration. …
Asymptomatic Hepatic Sequestration With Extreme Hyperbilirubinemia in an Adult Homozygous Sickle Cell Patient

It has been estimated that there are greater than 100,000 individuals in the US with sickle cell disease. Hepatic sequestration is a known sequelae of sickle cell disease that rarely leads to extreme hyperbilirubinemia (total serum bilirubin greater than 20 mg/dl). Our 26-year-old male patient, though compliant with regular transfusion exchanges, presented with hepatic sequestration, with minimal symptoms and hyperbilirubinemia up to approximately 40 mg/dl. The severity of asymptomatic hepatic sequestration seen in our patient has never been reported in the literature. This mandates a low threshold to screen for sickle cell complications and promptly treating these patients admitted to the hospital with exchange transfusions.
Introducing an α-Keto Ester Functional Group through Pt-Catalyzed Direct C-H Acylation with Ethyl Chlorooxoacetate.

Platinum-catalyzed selective C–H acylation of 2-aryloxypyridines with ethyl chlorooxoacetate provides an efficient way of introducing an α-keto ester functional group. The reaction is oxidant-free,...
CDK12-altered prostate cancer: Clinical features and therapeutic outcomes to standard systemic therapies, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, and PD-1 inhibitors

PURPOSEIn prostate cancer, inactivating CDK12 mutations lead to gene fusion–induced neoantigens and possibly sensitivity to immunotherapy. We aimed to clinically, pathologically, and molecularly ch...
A Mouse Model of Sublethal Leptospirosis: Protocols for Infection with Leptospira Through Natural Transmission Routes, for Monitoring Clinical and Molecular Scores of Disease, and for Evaluation of the Host Immune Response

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira species that are maintained in sylvatic and domestic environments by transmission among rodents and other carriers. Humans become infected after contact of breached skin or mucosa with contaminated water or soil. Understanding persistent or sublethal infection in a host is critical for controlling human risk of exposure to pathogenic Leptospira. Animal models that recapitulate disease progression after infection via natural transmission routes are more appropriate for validation of vaccines and therapeutics. Furthermore, the ability to measure shedding of live Leptospira in urine of reservoir and carrier hosts can be used to develop new diagnostic assays and sensors to evaluate human risk of exposure. We developed inbred mouse models of Leptospirosis, that bypass survival as a criterion, in which we can analyze both pathogen and host factors affecting sublethal infection (<1 month), including shedding of Leptospira in urine. Mice are infected with pathogenic Leptospira using a physiologic route, and the clinical, histological, and molecular scores of disease are measured. Furthermore, the host immune response to Leptospira is evaluated. This mouse model also provides a tool in which to test fundamental hypotheses related to host-pathogen interactions and the immune mechanisms engaged in protective and pathogenic immune responses. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC Basic Protocol 1: Culture and maintenance of virulent Leptospira Basic Protocol 2: Infection of mice through a physiologic route and collection of clinical scores and biological samples Basic Protocol 3: Analysis of pathogenesis after Leptospira infection.