cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Safety-engineered devices in 2012: the critical role of healthcare workers in device selection.

Affiliation: 1. International Healthcare Worker Safety Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia. Received October 17, 2012; accepted January 22, 2013; electronically published April 18, 2013. 2013 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved. 0899-823X/2013/3406-0011$15.00. DOI: 10.1086/670638 Over the past 2 decades in the United States, a dramatic transformation of policies, procedures, and technologies for protecting healthcare workers from the risk of occupational bloodborne pathogen transmission has occurred. In the United States, we have an abundance of safety device choices and a regulatory framework to support continued improvement in reducing this occupational risk. Whether we achieve this objective depends directly on informed product choices as healthcare employers make their purchasing decisions.
Novel Use of Ultrasound Elastography to Quantify Muscle Tissue Changes After Dry Needling of Myofascial Trigger Points in Patients With Chronic Myofascial Pain

Objectives To compare a mechanical heterogeneity index derived from ultrasound vibration elastography with physical findings before and after dry-needling treatment of spontaneously painful active myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle. Methods Forty-eight patients with chronic myofascial pain enrolled in a prospective interventional trial of 3 weekly dry-needling treatments for active myofascial trigger points. Trigger points were evaluated at baseline and at treatment completion using palpation, the pressure-pain threshold, and the mechanical heterogeneity index. Thirty patients were reevaluated at 8 weeks. Trigger points that "responded" changed to tissue that was no longer spontaneously painful, with or without the presence of a palpable nodule. Trigger points that "resolved" changed to tissue without a palpable nodule. The mechanical heterogeneity index was defined as the proportion of the upper trapezius muscle that appeared mechanically stiffer on elastography. Statistical significance for comparisons was determined at P Results Following 3 dry needle treatments, the mechanical heterogeneity index decreased significantly for the 38 myofascial trigger points (79% of 48) that responded to treatment. Among these, the baseline mechanical heterogeneity index was significantly lower for the 13 trigger points (27% of 38) that resolved, but the decrease after 3 dry needle treatments did not reach significance. The pressure-pain threshold improved significantly for both groups. At 8 weeks, the mechanical heterogeneity index decreased significantly for the 22 trigger points (73% of 30) that responded and for the 10 (45% of 22) that resolved. The pressure-pain threshold improvement was significant for trigger points that responded but did not reach significance for resolved trigger points. Conclusions The mechanical heterogeneity index identifies changes in muscle tissue properties that correlate with changes in the myofascial trigger point status after dry needling.
Primes and Perfect Numbers

With this chapter we begin the process of finding the primes and factoring the composite integers. The first question that arises is whether or not the list of primes is finite. If it were then we could, at least in theory, publish a book containing all the prime numbers and anyone wanting to determine whether an integer were prime would only have to look it up. Unfortunately, there is no limit to the number of primes, a fact which was known to Euclid.
Genome organization, instabilities, stem cells, and cancer

It is now widely recognized that advances in exploring genome organization provide remarkable insights on the induction and progression of chromosome abnormalities. Much of what we know about how mutations evolve and consequently transform into genome instabilities has been characterized in the spatial organization context of chromatin. Nevertheless, many underlying concepts of impact of the chromatin organization on perpetuation of multiple mutations and on propagation of chromosomal aberrations remain to be investigated in detail. Genesis of genome instabilities from accumulation of multiple mutations that drive tumorigenesis is increasingly becoming a focal theme in cancer studies. This review focuses on structural alterations evolve to raise a variety of genome instabilities that are manifested at the nucleotide, gene or sub-chromosomal, and whole chromosome level of genome. Here we explore an underlying connection between genome instability and cancer in the light of genome architecture. This review is limited to studies directed towards spatial organizational aspects of origin and propagation of aberrations into genetically unstable tumors.
Proactive detection and repair of data corruption: towards a hassle-free declarative approach with Amulet

Occasional corruption of stored data is an unfortunate byproduct of the complexity of modern systems. Hardware errors, software bugs, and mistakes by human administrators can corrupt important sources of data. The dominant practice to deal with data corruption today involves administrators writing ad hoc scripts that run data-integrity tests at the application, database, file-system, and storage levels. This manual approach, apart from being tedious and error-prone, provides no understanding of the potential system unavailability and data loss if a corruption were to occur. We have developed the Amulet system that can verify the correctness of stored data proactively and continuously. This demonstration focuses on the uses of Amulet and its technical innovations: (i) a declarative language for administrators to specify their objectives regarding the detection and repair of data corruption; (ii) optimization and execution algorithms to meet the administrator's objectives robustly and with least cost using pay-as-you-go cloud resources; and (iii) timely notification when corruption is detected, allowing proactive repair of corruption before it impacts users and applications.
Tunable microwave mixing in nonlinear dielectric thin films of SrTiO3 and Sr0.5Ba0.5TiO3

DC-voltage-tunable microwave mixing in coplanar waveguide devices made from Au/Sr0.5Ba0.5TiO3 and YBa2Cu3O7-x/SrTiO3 bilayers have been studied. The transmitted microwave power of a mixed signal at ~4 GHz shows >40 dB change when a 15 V DC bias is applied between the centreline and groundplanes.
The Biology of Xeroderma Pigmentosum

Exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) light is a risk factor for the induction of melanoma, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. The increased incidence of the disease in xeroderma pigmentosum patients, whose cells cannot repair DNA damage caused by defects in nucleotide excision repair, demonstrates that UV-induced DNA damage and mutagenesis can plan a role in melanoma. I propose, therefore, that solar exposure in the UVA and UVB range produces a mixture of DNA photoproducts, some being typical pyrimidine dimers and others the result of photosensitizing reactions with melanin precursors that produce DNA damage that requires the nucleotide excision repair or base excision repair pathways. Not all of these damages necessarily produce typical UV-specific mutations in target genes; the association of melanoma induction with acute burns suggests that high UV doses can overwhelm intracellular antioxidant defense mechanisms to produce DNA damage. The progression of melanomas is additionally enhanced by early deletions involving one or more of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) genes that leads to enhanced genomic instability.
Adipocyte dysfunction, inflammation, and insulin resistance in obesity

Only recently has the complexity of adipose tissue become more apparent and appreciated. The two well-known forms of adipose tissue have been recognized: brown and white. This chapter focuses on white adipose tissue, and its derangement with the onset and progression of obesity and insulin resistance. It begins with a brief overview characterizing white adipose tissue and the adipocyte, and then proceeds to a discussion regarding the multifaceted dysfunction that accompanies obesity.
Intraprocedural increase in heart rate during EUS-guided celiac plexus neurolysis: Clinically relevant or just a physiologic change?

Background and Aims Although EUS-guided celiac plexus neurolysis (EUS-CPN) is performed frequently for palliation of pain in pancreatic cancer, response to treatment is variable. Although intraprocedural increases in heart rate during alcohol injection are observed frequently, their significance and relationship to treatment outcome are unknown. The objective of this study was to examine whether a correlation exists between an increase in heart rate and treatment outcomes in patients undergoing EUS-CPN for pain relief in pancreatic cancer. Methods This is a prospective observational study of patients with abdominal pain caused by inoperable pancreatic cancer who underwent EUS-CPN. Heart rate change was defined as an increase of ≥15 beats per minute (bpm) for ≥30 seconds during alcohol injection. Main outcome measures were to compare pain, quality of life, opioid use, and survival between heart rate change and no-change groups. Results Heart rate change was observed in 25 of 51 patients (49.0%) who underwent EUS-CPN over a 12-month period. Although the heart rate change cohort had significantly better adjusted scores for pain (60 vs 73; P = .042) and components of quality of life such as nausea and/or vomiting (65 vs 81; P = .004), financial difficulties (41 vs 57; P = .02), weight loss (45 vs 65; P = .007), and satisfaction with body image (52 vs 62; P = .035), there was no significant difference in postprocedural opioid use or survival between groups. Conclusions Because patients with an increase in intraprocedural heart rate experienced significant improvement in pain and quality of life components, this observation must be further explored in order to improve the technique and outcomes of EUS-CPN.
The generalized Shwartzman phenomenon in rabbits with denervated kidneys.

ConclusionComplete denervation of the rabbit kidney by performing an autograft appears to ameliorate the noxious effect of an endotoxin infusion. Fibrin degradation products appear in the circulation when the generalized Shwartzman phenomenon is induced in rabbits by endotoxin infusion, suggesting activation of its fibrinolytic system.
The Influence of Oxygenation of Sm on the Microstrucure and Magnetic Properties of Sm_2 (Co, Cu, Fe, Zr)_(17) Magnets

Sm2(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)17 magnet material was prepared by powder metallurgy process. The oxygenation of sduring the process and its influence on the microstructure and magnetic properties were investigated. The micro-analysis indicates that the oxygenation hole of Sm in the form of Sm2O3 destroys the microstructure of the material, as a result, degrades the magnetic properties.
Educating Citizens: Who Is Doing That in the United States?

The creation of systems of public schooling in Western Europe and North America over the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was primarily intended to develop the civic virtues, including national loyalty, considered essential to the nationbuilding process. This project was often carried out in explicit opposition to schooling with a religious character that was provided independent of government sponsorship. In recent decades, however, public schools have for a variety of reasons largely abandoned the mission of moral and civic education and, ironically, it is now faithbased schools that are most consistently seeking to shape loyal and engaged citizens. After a brief survey of research on Catholic and Evangelical schools, the article provides some preliminary findings from a study of Islamic secondary schools in the United States.
Fault detection in VLSI circuits

In this paper, an algorithm for fault detection in VLSI circuits is presented. This algorithm is based on partitioning combinational and sequential circuits for pseudo-exhaustive testing. The partitioning algorithm is based on an analysis of a circuit's primary input cones and fanout values. Once a circuit has been partitioned, its primary outputs and partitioned points are tested exhaustively. By exhaustively testing individual blocks, faults within these blocks are detected and located. The results show that the partitioning algorithm offers significant reductions in overhead and test time when compared to previous partitioning algorithms. In addition, the algorithm is based upon pseudo-exhaustive testing methods where fault simulation is not required for test pattern generation and grading; hence, engineering design time and cost are further reduced.
Reparative development: re-conceptualising reparations in transitional justice processes

Reparations are increasingly seen as potential avenues to address the socioeconomic structural injustices that have affected victims during conflict or authoritarian rule. Scholars, however, have i...
The Rise of the Homevoters: How the Growth Machine Was Subverted by OPEC and Earth Day

In the 1970s, unprecedented peacetime inflation, touched off by the oil cartel OPEC, combined with longstanding federal tax privileges to transform owner-occupied homes into growth stocks. The inability to insure their homes’ newfound value converted homeowners into “homevoters,” whose local political behavior focused on preventing development that might devalue their homes. Homevoters seized on the nascent national environmental movement, epitomized by Earth Day, and modified its agenda to serve local demands, thereby eroding the power of the prodevelopment coalition called the “growth machine.” The post-1970 shift in the American economy from industrial employment to knowledge-based services rewarded college graduates and regions that specialized in software and finance. Residents of suburbs in the larger urban areas of the Northeast and West Coast used existing zoning and new environmental leverage to protect the growth rate of their home values. The regional spread of these regulations has slowed the growth of the economy and perpetuated regional income inequalities. I argue that the most promising way to modify this trend is to reduce federal tax subsidies to homeownership.
Tags, Homonyms, and the Manifestation of Intentionality

Homonyms present a challenge in the retrieval of objects using Vimeo - an online video portal which allows users to augment their content with tags. Relevance theory and phenomenological reduction were used as frameworks to identify the extent, and speculate cause for the recall of a significant amount of irrelevant objects. Les homonymes posent un defi dans le reperage d’objets sur Vimeo—un portail en ligne de videos qui permet aux utilisateurs d’augmenter leur contenu au moyen d’etiquettes. La theorie de la pertinence et la reduction phenomenologique ont servi de cadre pour determiner l’etendu et proposer quelques explications sur le retour d’un nombre important d’objets non pertinents.
Performing Europe or Redefining African: The African Social Life of a Colonial Town

This chapter turns attention to the African laborers living in Livingstone, close to Victoria Falls. Just as white entrepreneurs, colonial administrators, and Lewanika and Lozi elite developed their own agendas for Victoria Falls and North Western Rhodesia, so too did African laborers living around Livingstone. These cosmopolitan Africans engaged in appropriations of their own as they accessed and laid claim to various aspects of the colonizing culture. This chapter focuses on the choices Africans made regarding clothing and leisure activities. While attire and recreation may, at the outset, seem rather superficial in terms of African lives under colonization, both represented important choices exercised by colonial subjects. The first few decades of colonization in North Western Rhodesia marked a period when Africans aspired, as much as Europeans and the African elite, to shape the colonial culture and community in which they lived. Brought into close contact with whites around Victoria Falls, African laborers experienced a changing worldview and an evolving image of where and how they fit into that expanded world.
Tracking and optimizing Quality of Experience in the encrypted internet

Quality-to-Experience (QoE) refers to users' experience when using an application. Network operators typically focus on Quality-of-Service (QoS) metrics such as throughput, delay, and packet loss. However, these QoS metrics only matter if they impact users' experience of the application they are using. Therefore, it is crucial for network operators to monitor Quality of Experience (QoE). However, the proliferation of end-to-end encryption has hampered the ability of network operators to monitor QoE and deploy network management techniques to mitigate QoE impairments. In this talk, Prof. Shafiq will discuss the challenges faced by network operators to effectively manage their networks given the increased end-to-end encryption on the Internet.
Teaching communication and conflict as a game

ABSTRACTCourses: Communication and Conflict.Objectives: Through the use of a game-based framework, students will build intrinsic motivation to engage with course material and course content, and will engage their critical-thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills in relation to conflict management over the length of the course.
Grand Central's Engineer: William J. Wilgus, the planning of modern Manhattan

It does not take much for the average visitor to be both angered and amazed at contemporary New York's transportation infrastructure. You can be basking in the grandeur of Grand Central Terminal on...
Lesions of the central amygdala and ventromedial medulla reduce bladder hypersensitivity produced by acute but not chronic foot shock

Abstract Both acute and chronic stress has been shown to exacerbate symptoms of chronic visceral pain conditions such as interstitial cystitis. Studies using animal models support these findings in that both acute and chronic exposure to foot shock-induced stress (FS) augment nociceptive reflex responses to urinary bladder distension (UBD). Only a few studies have examined the neural substrates mediating these phenomena and it is not clear whether acute and chronic stress engage the same or different substrates to produce bladder hypersensitivity. The present studies examined the role of two important central nervous system structures – the amygdala (AMG) and the ventromedial medulla (VMM) – in mediating/modulating hypersensitivity evoked by acute versus chronic FS using responses to graded UBD in adult, female Sprague-Dawley rats. Bladder hypersensitivity produced by acute FS was significantly reduced by either bilateral central AMG or VMM lesions using measures generated by graded UBD, but these lesions had no significant effects using the same measures on bladder hyperalgesia produced by chronic FS. Our findings provide evidence that neural substrates underlying bladder hypersensitivity produced by chronic stress differ from those produced by acute stress. These findings suggest that while the AMG and VMM participate in pain processing during periods of limited exposure to stress, prolonged stress may recruit a new set of neural substrates not initially activated by acute exposure to stress.
A Dance of Many Tunes

The contestation of sexuality is a dance of many tunes—various predispositions and factors are at play. Through colonialism and Christianization, I argue, Western norms were re-appropriated as African. Against attempts to erase African agency in sexual politics, I argue that sexual minorities are not agentless subjects—but are active political actors who are challenging homophobia through their visibility and activism. Accepting the nagative effects on sexual minorities, protective homophobia has unintended benefits: it aids interfaith and ecumenical relationships, the development of African democracy, and the establishment of human rights cultures in Africa. By listening to stories and the lived experiences of sexual minorities, I conclude that ubuntu—the belief that one’s humanity is innately linked to that of others—can aid positive dialogue on human sexuality.
Stacks Using Arrays

Stacks, whose property is known as last-in, first-out or LIFO, is introduced and implemented using arrays. Some of the common operations for stacks such adding and removing an item, push and pop, are discussed. Using stacks, elements in the list can easily be reversed and strings can be checked for a palindrome. Further, prefix and postfix expressions are discussed where postfix expressions can be evaluated using stacks.
On-die droop detector for analog sensing of power supply noise

Understanding the supply fluctuations of various frequency harmonics is essential to maximizing microprocessor performance. Conventional methods used for analog validation of the power delivery system fall short in one or more of: a) Measurement accuracy in both frequency and time domains, especially for very high frequency noise caused by large di/dt events. The multi-GHz power supply noise attenuates very quickly away from the die. Conventional approaches of measuring the noise at the pins of the package or at the die using capacitive probes are not accurate for multi-GHz clocks. For this reason, the observability of high frequency on die noise has been very tricky. b) Implementation, e.g. delivery of analog references to multiple areas across a "noisy" die, and compactness/modularity of the measurement units. c) Automation to enable a timely volume of measurements. The efficiency of the measurements is key to correlating a particular speed path to poser supply noise. To address the above issues this paper presents an On-Die Droop Detector (ODDD), a scaleable IC solution implemented and validated on a 90 nm process, for analog sensing of differential high bandwidth supply noise.
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee: A meta-analysis.

Background:Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK) is a poorly understood but debilitating disease entity. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the standard of care for those patients who fail con...
Robust Adaptive Heart-Rate Monitoring Using Face Videos

Heart rate (HR) monitoring is indispensable for several real-world scenarios, especially when acquired in a non-contact manner. It can be accomplished using face videos acquired from ubiquitous cameras in an inexpensive, non-invasive and unobtrusive manner. But the HR monitoring can be erroneous when the video contains facial expressions, out-of-plane movements, change in camera parameters (like focus) and variations in environmental factors (like illumination). The proposed system mitigates these problems for improving the HR monitoring. For this, it defines an adaptive temporal signal selection mechanism which identifies and removes the facial areas affected by facial expressions. Moreover, it introduces a novel post-processing mechanism which perform HR monitoring by utilizing face reconstruction and quality. The post-processing is used when the face video contains facial movements. Experimental results reveal that incorporation of adaptive temporal signal selection and post-processing mechanisms can significantly improve the HR monitoring. It depicts that the Pearson correlation between actual and estimated HR is 0.95 while the average absolute error is 1.63 beats per minute, which indicates that the proposed system provides good HR monitoring.
Myositis as an adverse event of immune checkpoint blockade for cancer therapy.

Abstract Objectives Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can successfully treat cancer, but their use can be hindered by serious immune-related adverse events. We report six patients receiving ICIs who presented with de novo myositis. Methods We identified patients with myositis who were receiving ICIs between January 2004 and September 2016 at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Results Six patients developed de novo myositis. The mean age was 64.3 years and five patients were male. Cancer types included melanoma, urothelial carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and prostate cancer. ICI regimens included single-agent ipilimumab (n = 1), pembrolizumab (n = 1), or atezolizumab (n = 1); nivolumab and ipilimumab (n = 3). The median time to development of de novo myositis from first infusion was 5.4 weeks (range: 2.1–17.1 weeks). All patients with myositis had elevated levels of creatinine kinase, ranging from 514 to 13,710 U/L. Two of them developed rhabdomyolysis, one with concurrent myocarditis. Five patients were treated with 1–2 mg/kg corticosteroids, with variable response rates; one patient received nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Two patients with myositis died as a result of cancer progression. Conclusion We found several occurrences of de novo myositis following ICI therapy. These preliminary data suggest that myositis can occur early after onset of ICI therapy with serious adverse outcomes.
A Note on Military Intervention in an Era of Globalization

The objective of this brief note is to survey the literature and discuss the nature and effect of military intervention particularly by developed countries and its prospect in the future. The study of such intervention is important since it involves destruction, the deaths of soldiers, the depletion of resources and has an impact on the future of societies as well as of political leaders.
Preparation of fortified antimicrobial eye drops

Fortification means to intensify or strengthen the medication, to achieve adequate drug concentration. Fortified antimicrobials are not commercially available, thus should be, prepared of optimal constitution in a sterile pharmaceutical dispensary. This article provides guidelines on topical fortified therapy dosage concentration and methodology of preparation of drugs for patients with infectious keratitis. Acquaintance on fortified antimicrobial medication, its appropriate usage and timely intervention will help us to treat most of the resistant microbial keratitis and prevent the need for surgical intervention.
Product adoption in heterogeneous networks: An epidemiological perspective

In this work, we use optimal control theory to characterize a variant of the viral marketing phenomenon over heterogeneous social networks. The marketing objective investigated in this framework is product adoption. In this context, we borrow concepts from the theory of epidemic processes to model the transitions of the members of the target market between different stages of the adoption process; specifically, we introduce a simple yet insightful 3-compartment setup, i.e., the potential-adopting-dormant-potential (PADoP) model, which is the equivalent of susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible (SIRS) epidemic model. We then propose an optimal control scheme aiming at simultaneously optimizing the population of the adopting and dormant compartments under certain time and resource constraints. We prove the existence of the solution to the optimal control problem and provide both analytical and numerical solutions using Pontryagin Maximum Principle and forward-backward sweep method (FBSM), respectively. Simulations corroborate the findings of the paper.
Spatiotemporal Association Between Temperature and Assaults: A Generalized Linear Mixed-Model Approach

We aim to analyze the association between temperature and assault at highly disaggregated spatial units with great temporal resolution to investigate their spatiotemporal dynamics. We applied gener...
PRIMARY XANTHOMA OF THE MANDIBLE: A CASE REPORT OF A RARE ENTITY.

Objective Central xanthoma of the jaw is an extraordinarily rare entity with less than 30 cases reported in the English literature so far. This benign lesion is often associated with endocrine and metabolic diseases (e.g. hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, etc.). When those conditions are ruled out, primary xanthoma of the jaw is the appropriate diagnostic term. Adult males are most commonly affected, and the lesion is most frequently reported in the mandible. The classic microscopic features include the presence of histiocytic-like cells with foamy cytoplasm that stain positive by immunohistochemistry for CD68, but are negative for S100 and CD1a. Due to the microscopic similarities of histiocytic-like cells in H/E slides, Erdheim-Chester disease and Rosai-Dorfman disease are two systemic conditions that should be considered in the work-up. Findings We present a case of a 15 years-old male patient with multiple, ill-defined, non-corticated, radiolucent entities in the left ramus of the mandible. The lesions appear to be coalescing in some views. There is no evidence of bucco-lingual expansion and cortical destruction of bone. An excisional biopsy is performed. Microscopic examination reveals mixed soft and hard tissues. The hard tissue is composed of reactive vital bone. Sheets of foamy cells with dark, centrally placed vesiculated nuclei, prominent nucleoli and well-defined cytoplasmic membrane are noted between the bony trabeculae. In some areas, epithelioid cells with more amphophilic cytoplasm and less distinct cytoplasmic membrane are identified. Chronic inflammatory infiltrate with extravasated erythrocytes within the background of the connective tissue is also observed. Conclusion The appropriate diagnosis of central xanthoma of the jaw requires the work-up for systemic diseases in association with immunohistochemical profile. The recommended treatment is excision and curettage, which has been associated with excellent prognosis and extremely low recurrence rate.
Teaching the Principles of Economics: Reconciling the Canon of the American Economics Association to Catholic Social Thought.

The American Economics Association, through its Committee on Economic Education, has worked since 1950 to develop a set of standards for what is taught in introductory economics courses. The result is the Test for Understanding in College Economics. The TUCE has come to define a canon of expectations for students in college business schools. Some tenets of the canon set it at odds with Catholic social thought. This article attempts to place the AEA canon into a Catholic social thought framework and includes some concluding thoughts on pedagogy.
Inside Jobs: The Employment of Internal and Domestic Hires in High-skill and High-pay Positions

Individuals transition across organizational boundaries (internal vs. external hires) and/or national boundaries (domestic vs. foreign residency hires) for employment opportunities. Building upon t...
Significance of Clinical Medical Records in Acupuncture Teaching

This article discussed the significance of clinical medical records in acupuncture teaching from these aspects:meridian and acupoint theory,syndrome differentiation theory,and therapeutic theory,hoping to illuminate acupuncture teaching. Key words: Clinical medical record; Acupuncture teaching
Gastrointestinal obstruction secondary to activated charcoal granule impaction in a dog

Author(s): Farrell, Kate S; Burkitt-Creedon, Jamie M; Osborne, Laura G; Gibson, Erin A; Massie, Anna M | Abstract: ObjectiveTo describe a serious adverse event of gastrointestinal obstruction requiring surgery following routine administration of multiple doses of activated charcoal (AC) granules, which were prescribed for carprofen toxicosis.Case summaryA 2-year-old female neutered Airedale Terrier presented for ingestion of 207 mg/kg of carprofen. Decontamination was initiated with apomorphine to induce emesis. Along with additional supportive care, the dog received an initial dose of 75 mL of AC suspension containing sorbitol by mouth (15.6 g of AC, or 0.6 g/kg), followed by 50 g of AC granules every 8 hours for 4 additional doses. While hospitalized, the dog experienced clinical signs, including vomiting and black diarrhea, as well as bloodwork changes including mild to moderate elevations in kidney and liver enzymes. Given clinical improvement after 72 hours of hospitalization, the patient was discharged for monitoring and ongoing care at home. Two days later, the patient presented again for nausea, dark diarrhea with frank blood, and panting. Abdominal ultrasound showed findings suspicious for partially obstructive foreign material or atypical impacted fecal material partially occluding the distal ileum. Despite medical management overnight, recheck ultrasound the following day demonstrated persistent obstruction with ileal foreign material. Exploratory laparotomy and enterotomy revealed moderate distension and obstruction of the distal ileum with black granular foreign material consistent with charcoal granules. The patient remained in hospital for supportive care for 4 days following the procedure, and all clinical signs were resolved at the time of discharge.New or unique information providedThis report documents a serious adverse event of gastrointestinal obstruction associated with routine multidose AC administration, which has been occasionally reported in people but not in dogs. The potential for this complication should be taken into account when prescribing multiple doses of AC granules.
The Alcohol-High-Density Lipoprotein Athero-Protective Axis.

Ingestion of alcohol is associated with numerous changes in human energy metabolism, especially that of plasma lipids and lipoproteins. Regular moderate alcohol consumption is associated with reduced atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), an effect that has been attributed to the concurrent elevations of plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations. More recent evidence has accrued against the hypothesis that raising plasma HDL concentrations prevents ASCVD so that other metabolic processes associated with alcohol consumption have been considered. This review explored the roles of other metabolites induced by alcohol consumption—triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, non-esterified free fatty acids, and acetate, the terminal alcohol metabolite in athero-protection: Current evidence suggests that acetate has a key role in athero-protection but additional studies are needed.
Incidence of Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis in Acute Leukemia and Effect on Mortality

The cumulative incidence, risk factors, rate of subsequent venous thromboembolism (VTE) and bleeding and impact on mortality of isolated upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UE DVT) in acute leukemia are not well-described. The California Cancer Registry, used to identify treated patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) diagnosed between 2009 and 2014, was linked with the statewide hospitalization database to determine cumulative incidences of UE DVT and subsequent VTE and bleeding after UE DVT diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association of UE DVT on the risk of subsequent pulmonary embolism (PE) or lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LE DVT) and subsequent bleeding, and the impact of UE DVT on mortality. There were 5,072 patients identified: 3,252 had AML and 1,820 had ALL. Three- and 12-month cumulative incidences of UE DVT were 4.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.1-5.6) and 6.6% (95% CI: 5.8-7.5) for AML and 4.1% (95% CI: 3.2-5.1) and 5.9% (95% CI: 4.9-7.1) for ALL, respectively. Twelve-month cumulative incidences of subsequent VTE after an incident UE DVT diagnosis were 5.3% for AML and 12.2% for ALL. Twelve-month cumulative incidences of subsequent bleeding after an incident UE DVT diagnosis were 15.4% for AML and 21.1% for ALL. UE DVT was associated with an increased risk of subsequent bleeding for both AML (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.60-2.68) and ALL (HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.02-2.57) but was not an independent risk factor for subsequent PE or LE DVT for either leukemia subtype. Isolated incident UE DVT was associated with increased leukemia-specific mortality for AML (HR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.16-1.73) and ALL (HR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.31-2.47). UE DVT is a relatively common complication among patients with AML and ALL and has a significant impact on bleeding and mortality. Further research is needed to determine appropriate therapy for this high-risk population.
Node-attributed Spatial Graph Partitioning

Given a spatial graph and a set of node attributes, the Node-attributed Spatial Graph Partitioning (NSGP) problem partitions a node-attributed spatial graph into k homogeneous sub-graphs that minimize both the total RMSErank1 and edge-cuts while meeting a size constraint on the sub-graphs. RMSErank1 is the Root Mean Square Error between a matrix and its rank-one decomposition. The NSGP problem is important for many societal applications such as identifying homogeneous communities in a spatial graph and detecting interrelated patterns in traffic accidents. This problem is NP-hard; it is computationally challenging because of the large size of spatial graphs and the constraint that the sub-graphs must be homogeneous, i.e. similar in terms of node attributes. This paper proposes a novel approach for finding a set of homogeneous sub-graphs that can minimize both the total RMSErank1 and edge-cuts while meeting the size constraint. Experiments and a case study using U.S. Census datasets and HP#6 watershed network datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach partitions a spatial graph into a set of homogeneous sub-graphs and reduces the computational cost.
Perceived changes in social interactions following military psychiatric hospitalization for a suicidal crisis

Introduction. Changes in social interactions following psychiatric hospitalization, a period characterized by heightened suicide risk, are important to understand. Objective. We qualitatively explo...
The Myth of the Illiberal Democratic Constitution

This chapter argues that the category of the illiberal democratic constitution is a very unstable one. It tends to collapse, in different ways, into two other categories: the liberal democratic constitution and the authoritarian constitution. In theory, an illiberal democratic constitution would be based on popular will and would thus hold free and fair elections, but without including the separation of powers and rights to check majority will. But in practice, the design of illiberal constitutions draws heavily on liberal democratic constitutionalism, containing rights, courts, and other counter-majoritarian institutions. No distinctive illiberal constitutional design has emerged, and illiberal, anti-democratic impacts are instead achieved by subverting or abusing liberal democratic designs. In another sense, the illiberal democratic constitution tends to collapse into authoritarianism. This is because liberalism and democracy have a strong tendency to erode together – attacks on liberal concepts like rights and courts also usually tilt the electoral playing field heavily in favor of incumbents, making elections increasingly problematic tests of popular will. Crediting the claims of would-be autocrats that they are actually (illiberal) democrats thus buys into a dangerous myth. It grants a specious imprimatur of majoritarian democracy, while allowing them to reject “western” liberal baggage that is in fact crucial for protecting democratic constitutionalism.
Assessment during the Preschool Years

Publisher Summary Early childhood education is a topic that has received considerable attention recently. This focus has led to an increased interest in the psychoeducational assessment of preschool children. The chapter discusses the assessment process during a child's preschool years. The purpose of this chapter involves describing information pertaining to five standardized intelligence tests and three screening instruments that are commonly used. A number of details are provided about each instrument. These include title, author, date of publication, age of child, examiner qualifications, number of items, and critiques, etc. And before describing the individual assessments, various definitions are clarified for subsequent discussion. It specifically defines item gradient and test floors index. Finally, it concludes that there are many options for preschool assessment. Standardized instruments including the traditional intelligence tests, screening instruments, and alternative measures should be carefully considered by practitioners. Strengths and weaknesses will be apparent in every measure. Early childhood practitioners should decide which assessments to use based on the intended purpose of the assessment.
Characterization of Order-Disorder Phase Transition Temperature for Select Nanoparticles

Characterization of Order-Disorder Phase Transition Temperature for Select Nanoparticles Gregory J. Sutherland Department of Physics and Astronomy, BYU Master of Science A method was found for creating ordered nanoparticles whose size and theoretical orderdisorder temperature are ideal for study in the TEM. Specifically FePt, NiPt, FeNiPt and AuCu nanoparticles were studied. We were able to show how a nanoparticle’s size affects its orderdisorder temperature (Tod). When the particles were around 6 nm in diameter there was a shift downward of the Tod of 10-15 percent compared to the bulk. While particles around 10 nm in diameter experienced a downward shift of 0-6 percent compared to the bulk. One can approximate that particles less than 10-15 nm in diameter would show significant decreases in order-disorder temperature. We confirmed that alumina prevents copper losses, compositions were well within percent error. In addition we showed that when the alumina used is thin enough the images are not adversely affected and charging is not an issue.
Analysis of Y 0 * (1520) and Determination of the Σ Parity

and F-wave amplitudes, so that even strong resonant final state interactions in these states do not give any appreciable structure to the differential cross section. A formulation for the final-state interaction between the pion and the recoil nucleon is given, and it is shown that the nonresonant final-state scattering in S and P waves gives large enhancement. (auth)
Timing macro-modeling of IP blocks with crosstalk

With the increase of design complexities and the decrease of minimal feature sizes, IP reuse is becoming a common practice while crosstalk is becoming a critical issue that must be considered. This work presents two macro-models for specifying the timing behaviors of combinational hard IP blocks with crosstalk effects. The gray-box model keeps a coupling graph and lists the conditions on relative input arrival time combinations for couplings not to take effect. The black-box model stores the output response windows for a basic set of relative input arrival time combinations, and computes the output arrival time for any given input arrival time combination through the union of some combinations in the basic set. Both macro-models are conservative, and can greatly reduce the pessimism existing in the conventional "pin-to-pin" model. This is the first work to deal with timing macro-modeling of combinational hard IP blocks with the consideration of crosstalk effects.
Micromodeling of Void Growth and Collapse

Use of the hollow sphere model to describe the response of porous materials and powders under tensile or compressive stress is described. Topics include pore pressure effects, powder compaction equations, rate effects, load maxima, and deviatoric effects. A recent hybrid empirical-microstructural model for creep compaction of heated metal powders (HIP) is described in some detail.
Electrocatalysis of Anodic Oxygen‐Transfer Reactions Application of an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance to a Study of Pure and Bismuth‐Doped Beta‐Lead Dioxide Film Electrodes

Le depot electrolytique de l'oxyde de plomb dope ou non par du bismuth sur une electrode a disque tournant d'or est examine a l'aide d'une microbalance a quartz dans une solution d'acide perchlorique
Presidential Signing Statements as Informants that Guide Congressional Oversight

Presidents increasingly use signing statements in an attempt to ignore, or substantially alter the interpretation of, provisions of law. Despite the potential damage that the constitutional challenges within signing statements inflict on congressional intent, can they have utility for members of Congress? This paper develops a theory that challenges can be useful to members of Congress because they serve as informants that help guide congressional oversight. I draw upon statements from several reports and show recent trends from the congressional record to suggest that Congress is beginning to treat signing statements in this manner. Using Google Trends data I reveal that Congress likely gets its motivation to challenge the effects of signing statements from sources other than electoral benefits. In addition, the case of President Obama’s IMF signing statement lends support for the potential utility of signing statements as a mechanism for reducing oversight costs. The study has important implications for theories of congressional oversight and understanding the impact of the president’s unilateral powers in Congress.
Information technology, networks and community voices

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have altered the form and structure of urban centres across the globe. Scholars suggest that hybrid spaces of electronic networks and urban sites herald the future of city planning, representing a fluidity of material place and cyberspace that transforms patterns of city life. This project examines the regenerative capabilities of ICTs in decaying urban neighbourhoods that link virtual networks of community participation and expression with the physical presence of community media centres. Using symbolic interactionism and qualitative interviews, this research suggests that inner-city residents find ICTs to be a key element in neighbourhood and community revitalization. Overall, this research considers the notion that ICTs are integral components of contemporary urban planning.
Suppression of optical losses in noble metals within the visible frequency range

Noble metals such as gold and silver demonstrate exotic optical properties and have been extensively used in optical metamaterials. Unfortunately, these materials introduce high losses in the optical spectrum, which considerably restrict many applications of metamaterials where the required figure of merit needs to be very high. Several studies, both theoretical and experimental, have been conducted to suppress the optical losses. Examples include gain media, parametric second harmonic generation, and quantum optics approach. Nevertheless, the majority of this research is restricted to theoretical models or can be considered as optical laser-like amplifier more than an optical loss suppressor. Recently, a novel method has been introduced to reduce the optical losses in noble metals as well as in semiconductors. The technique is known as the parametric two-wave coherent coupling. The mechanism is based on the standard formalism of Boltzmann equation, and takes into account the wave coupling through the carriers in conduction band. The theoretical and analytical study of the mechanism has already been published, and the experimental proof of the mechanism in the Mid-IR frequency range has been reported as well. In the current work, the parametric two-wave coherent coupling technique consists of a support wave which is provided by a Nd-YAG laser at 1.064 µm, and the probe wave at 0.532 µm which is generated from the non-linear optical crystal Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) by means of the second harmonic generation technique. By adjusting the phase shift between the probe and support waves, and their amplitudes, the optical losses can be significantly suppressed. In this presentation, both the theoretical and experimental results for the reduction in losses in noble metals within the visible frequency range will be presented.