cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Deleterious Effects of a Systemic Lytic State on Reperfused Myocardium Minimization of Reperfusion Injury and Enhanced Recovery of Myocardial Function by Direct Angioplasty

Background The beneficial effects of flow restoration and the deleterious impact of reperfusion injury on ischemic myocardium are well known. However, most experimental studies have induced reperfusion by mechanical release of nonthrombotic occlusions, only occasionally in the presence of a systemic lytic state. Conditions differ markedly in patients undergoing pharmacological or mechanical recanalization of thrombotically occluded coronary arteries. Accordingly, this study was designed to determine whether the method of coronary occlusion and mode of recanalization influence the response of the heart to reperfusion. Methods and Results The acute effects of reperfusion on right ventricular (RV) function and histology were studied in open-chest dogs subjected to right coronary artery (RCA) balloon occlusion and deflation alone (group 1), pharmacological lysis of thrombotic occlusions (group 2), balloon occlusion with reperfusion induced by balloon deflation in the presence of a systemic lytic state (group ...
Rhabdomyoma of the Orbit

To our knowledge, this is the first fully documented case of an adult-type orbital rhabdomyoma in an 8-year-old white boy, which originated in the belly of the medial rectus muscle and grew into the anterior orbit to incorporate the trochlea. Incomplete excision resulted in recurrence; the lesion was misinterpreted as a rhabdomyosarcoma and exenteration was performed. The patient was free of disease 25 years later. Reexamination of original pathologic material showed the typical histology of an adult-type rhabdomyoma. Adult-type rhabdomyoma, the most differentiated tumor in a spectrum of benign and malignant striated muscle neoplasms, should be distinguished from fetal rhabdomyoma (also benign) and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, the malignant striated muscle tumor most likely to be confused with rhabdomyoma. An awareness of the benign nature of rhabdomyoma (rhabdomyoma never evolves into a sarcoma) should prevent unnecessary radical surgery. The tumor can be adequately managed by a local excision that includes all the lobulations of tumor within a margin of normal tissue.
Cultural Rules, Rituals, and Behavior Regulation

While it is generally agreed that culture and biology are both relevant to an understanding of human behavior, there is little consensus about the appropriate use of reductionist procedures. Disagreement abounds concerning the nature of the interaction and the relative contribution of distal and proximal mechanisms. An understanding of such issues may emerge only with long study of the interaction of variables at different conceptual levels of organization that intervene between the genes and culture. It is toward this larger end that the limited efforts of this paper are directed. Two cultural phenomena are considered: Murdoch's “social laws of sexual choice,” and aspects of human ritual behavior. Although these constitute a unique organization of cultural items, I attempt to show how they are influenced by underlying biopsychological processes. I specifically reject, however, the view that cultural phenomena are isomorphic with, or can be completely reduced to, such processes. Emergent novelty and multiple possibilities are always present at more inclusive levels of organization. I argue that the relationship between the different sets of system variables is based on homologous functions and not merely on analogies. SEYMOUR PARKER is Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City. UT 84112
Diapycnal Mixing in the Ocean: The Osborn–Cox Model

Abstract The Osborn-Cox model is a simplified tracer variance budget that is a basis for direct estimates of the diapycnal Kv. diffusivity When used to interpret temperature variance dissipation measurements, it indicates Kv to be O(10−5 m2 s−1) in the thermocline–much smaller than the diffusivities found by matching large-scale observations to models or budgets. It is argued that, if the Osborn-Cox model is to describe fluxes in the general circulation, it must describe the variance budget of all fluctuations around the long-term average used to define the general circulation. Within this framework, the simplifications leading to the Osborn-Cox model are re-examined to find if they still hold and which is most likely to cause Kv errors. Factors examined (and the importance found) are approximations in the Fourier and Ficks diffusion laws (unimportant), accumulation and advection of tracer variance (unimportant except in regions of strong upwelling), variance production by lateral fluxes (dominant at high...
Genetic control of quantitative variation in carbonic anhydrase isozymes of mammals. I. The concentration within single erythrocytes of the mouse.

The levels of the carbonic anhydrase isozymes (CA and CA II) in single erythrocytes of DBA/2J mice were assayed by measuring the specific immunofluorescence of CA I and CA II with a microspectrofluorometric technique. Measurements of 100 randomly selected cells showed a range (in relative fluorescence units) of 21–52 (mean 31.3±7.5) for CA I and 30–80 (mean 45.6±10.7) for CA II. The CA II/CA I ratio of the means obtained by the single-cell fluorescence assay was similar to the ratios obtained for the two isozymes from hemolysates of DBA/2J mice using an immunodiffusion assay. The influence of cell age on the variation in carbonic anhydrase levels was determined by separating red cells into several fractions by a gravity sedimentation procedure. The younger cells showed higher levels of CA I and CA II than the older cells; however, the extensive overlap in the variability between the cells from the different fractions indicated that although cell age was contributing to the overall heterogeneity, its influence was not pronounced.
Survey of EEG findings in 1,000 patients with chief complaint of headache.

Abstract The EEG tracings of 1,000 consecutive subjects with headache of presumably non-organic origin were classified with respect to normal, borderline and clearly disordered character. The overall percentage of disordered tracings was 9.7 per cent in males as compared with 20.5 per cent in females. The incidence of disorder was therefore high for both sexes but especially so for the females. The sex discrepancy was not based upon inequalities in age distribution as the data was tabulated separately for approximately decade groups. No indications could be established relating severity of headache to expected incidence of EEG disorder. Vomiting was a symptom associated with a significantly higher incidence of EEG disorder. A family history of non-specific headache and migraine, epilepsy or psychiatric disorder predisposed to dysrhythmia in the subjects with headache.
A trivariate clough-tocher scheme for tetrahedral data

An interpolation scheme is described for values of position, gradient and Hessian at scattered points in three variables. The domain is assumed to have been tesselated into tetrahedra. The interpolant has local support, is globally once differentiable, piecewise polynomial, and reproduces polynomials of degree up to three exactly. The scheme has been implemented in a FORTRAN research code.
Launching PRimary Source: a clearinghouse for public relations history

Purpose – This brief essay aims to introduce public relations historians to PRimary Source, a new search tool designed to help them, their students, and public relations professionals locate archives and manuscript collections relevant to the field.Design/methodology/approach – The article outlines the site which is scheduled to be tested and then launched in October to coincide with the publication of this special issue of Journal of Communication Management. The site address will be: www.prhistorywiki.org Findings – The site will be available for use in historical research, student papers, and decision‐making among scholars and practitioners concerning the disbursement of their papers to a repository as part of their estate planning.Originality/value – At the time of writing this article, an online tool with this emphasis currently does not exist.
A New Heart for Rb Frequency Standards?: The Evacuated, Wall-Coated Sealed Cell

Rb87 hyperfine resonances observed in an evacuated, wall-coated cell, sealed since 1968, exhibit linewidths of ~10 Hz for the narrow Lorentzian feature. The high-resonance Q of 0.65 × 109 shows good promise for the potential use of such cells in Rb frequency standards.
Primary colorectal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Background: The gastrointestinal tract is the most common site of extranodal involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Primary colorectal NHL comprises 13–18% of all gastrointestinal NHL but is not commonly reported as a separate entity. Methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of 19 patients over a 16-year period to evaluate the clinical features and behavior of colorectal NHL. Results: A pediatric group of seven male patients presented at an early stage with acute symptomatology. The primary tumor was located in the ileocecum in all cases and intussusception was common. An adult group of 12 patients presented at a later stage with chronic symptomatology. Staging study results were positive by bone marrow biopsy in four of 16 patients (25%), by lymphangiography in six of 11 patients (54.5%), and by gallium scan in eight of 10 patients (80%). Seven patients relapsed a median of 8 months after treatment. Three other patients died during treatment, one died of other causes, and one died without receiving treatment. The remaining seven patients are alive from 41 to 231 months without evidence of disease. Five of these patients are in the pediatric group, where the median survival was >72 months. The overall median survival was 45 months. Conclusion: Colorectal NHL is a disease that affects both the pediatric and adult population. Although pediatric patients have an excellent prognosis with anticipated long-term survival after treatment, long-term survival can be expected in ∼50% of adult patients. In both groups of patients, multimodality therapy with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation is the treatment of choice.
Radiology of medullary chondrosarcoma: Preoperative treatment planning

We evaluated the radiologic studies of 30 medullary chondrosarcomas with respect to their accuracy in diagnosis and surgical staging. There were 30 sets of plain radiographs, 14 conventional tomograms, 26 radionuclide bone scans, 19 arteriograms, and 15 computed tomograms (CT). Plain radiographs provided most of the diagnostic information although many tumours looked benign. CT provided the most complete anatomic staging, including intra- and extraosseous tumor, and neurovascular involvement. However, it was difficult to be sure about subtle soft tissue invasion. Arteriography remained useful for evaluating major vessel involvement of cortical penetration when CT and conventional tomography were equivocal. Scintigrams disclosed increased uptake, usualy corresponding to the true tumor extent; “extended uptake” beyond the tumor was uncommon. Conventional tomography has been largely replaced by CT, but was occasionally useful when the tumor was near the end of a bone.
Collective effect in an electron plasma system catalyzed by a localized electromagnetic wave.

The possibility of the existence of an essentially single-species plasma state represented by a stable packet of charged particles moving collectively through space-time is examined. The collective plasma state is catalyzed by a localized electromagnetic wave. Condensation to this state is shown to occur on a very short time scale. The model treats the particle packet as a warm electron plasma (fluid) and self-consistently incorporates the resulting electromagnetic field. Predicted characteristics of the localized particle packet and its associated electromagnetic fields compare favorably with recent experimental data.
Modulation of host immune responses by nematode cystatins

Parasitic nematodes, living in the intestinal tract or within tissues of theirs hosts, are constantly exposed to an array of immune effector mechanisms. One strategy to cope with the immune response is the release of immunomodulatory components that block effector mechanisms or interact with the cytokine network. Among the secreted nematode immunomodulators, cysteine protease inhibitors (cystatins) are shown to be of major importance. Nematode cystatins inhibit, among others, proteases involved in antigen processing and presentation, which leads to a reduction of T cell responses. At the same time nematode cystatins modulate cytokine responses, the most prominent trait being the upregulation of IL-10, a Th2 cytokine, by macrophages. In this situation, IL-10 leads among others to downregulation of costimulatory surface molecules of macrophages. These properties contribute to induction of an anti-inflammatory environment, concomitant with a strong inhibition of cellular proliferation. This setting is believed to favour the survival of worms. An opposite activity of nematode cystatins is the upregulation of production of inducible nitric oxide by IFN-γ activated macrophages, an intrinsic property of natural cysteine protease inhibitors. This shows that these proteins can act as proinflammatory molecules under certain circumstances. A comparison of the immunomodulatory effects of cystatins of filarial nematodes with homologous proteins of the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans revealed distinct differences. Caenorhabditis elegans cystatins induce the production of the Th1 cytokine IL-12, in contrast to filarial cystatins that upregulate IL-10. Caenorhabditis elegans cystatins hardly inhibit cellular proliferation. These data suggest that cystatins of parasitic nematodes have multiple, specific capacities for immunomodulation, acting in parallel on different immune effector mechanisms. Elucidation of the mechanisms involved might be useful in the development of immunotherapeutic reagents in the future.
The Search for Spiritual/Cultural Competency in Chaplaincy Practice: Five Steps that Mark the Path

Chaplains who are clinically trained and certified spiritual care professionals can make a unique contribution in today's increasingly pluralistic and global health care context with diverse religious, spiritual and cultural values, beliefs and practices. The author characterizes this contribution as spiritual/cultural competency. A self-defined web of meaning is unique to each person, comprised of a composite of values and beliefs, a fabric woven by way of one's life narrative. The proven approach of clinical learning, with heightened introspective and interpersonal awareness, serves as the chaplain's primary pathway to multi-spiritual/cultural competency, integrated with the exploration of context in a way not prioritized before. Utilizing sources from pastoral theology, anthropology and multicultural counseling, a five-step process of competency assessment is introduced and discussed with the aid of two cases. Knowing one's own spiritual/cultural grounding is the first step in this open-ended search.
Semicrystalline poly(vinyl alcohol) ultrafiltration membranes for bioseparations

Abstract Semicrystalline poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were fabricated for use in bioseparations to separate small molecular weight solutes from macromolecules. PVA was chosen because of its hydrophilic nature and these membranes are expected to minimize membrane fouling due to protein adsorption. The membranes were annealed at temperatures above the polymer’s glass transition temperature to crystallize them in order to improve their mechanical properties. The degree of crystallinity of these membranes was measured using differential scanning calorimetry. Studies were conducted to measure the selectivity of separation of two different sized solutes using these membranes. These studies showed that heat-treated PVA membranes had a higher selectivity compared to the untreated PVA membranes. The effects of heat treatment, stirring speed, membrane thickness, average molecular weight of PVA and the addition of Pluronic ® F127 and Pluronic ® F68 on the separation of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran and myoglobin from l -tryptophan were studied. The mechanical strength of heat-treated PVA membranes and the selectivity of separation of these membranes were compared with commercial polyethersulfone (PeS) membranes. Mechanical studies using dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the tensile modulus of commercial PeS membranes was significantly higher than the heat-treated PVA membranes that were swollen in deionized water for 1 and 5 h. However, the compressive moduli of PVA membranes were found to be of the same order as the compressive moduli of PeS membranes. The tensile and compressive moduli of heat-treated PVA/1% (w/v) Pluronic ® F127 membranes were considerably lower than PeS and PVA membranes. It was found that the PVA membranes were more resistant to fouling than the PeS membranes.
Terahertz dielectric properties and low-frequency phonon Resonances of ZnO nanostructures

Far-infrared optical and dielectric properties of nanostructured ZnO of different morphologies are characterized by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Frequency-dependent complex dielectric function, power absorption, and refractive index are experimentally measured in the terahertz regime. The results are analyzed and well fit with dielectric theories combined with effective medium models. Different ZnO nanostructure morphologies exhibit different characteristics due to diverse resonance mechanisms dominated by either free electrons or phonons. The dielectric function of tubular and prismlike ZnO structures exhibits the Drude-like behavior, while it is dominated by the low-frequency phonon resonances for nanowires. Additionally, the overall low-frequency phonon resonances of these nanostructures are measured by Raman scattering spectroscopy, showing good consistency with those of bulk wurtzite single-crystal ZnO.
Mild hypertension in the elderly: A comparison of prazosin and enalapril

In a single-blind, crossover study, prazosin and enalapril monotherapies were evaluated in 15 patients, aged 55 years or older (average age, 64 years), with mild hypertension (sitting diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 104 mm Hg). After eight weeks of placebo administration, patients were randomly assigned to treatment with prazosin or enalapril and then treated with the alternate drug after a second eight-week placebo washout period. The dose was titrated from 1 mg to a maximum of 10 mg twice daily of prazosin and from 2.5 mg to a maximum of 20 mg twice daily of enalapril to achieve a reduction in diastolic blood pressure to less than 85 mm Hg, with a decrease of at least 10 mm Hg based on clinical measurements of blood pressure. Patients received maintenance therapy with each medication for at least eight weeks. The response to therapy was then evaluated with two-hour periods of automated blood pressure monitoring. Average systolic and diastolic blood pressures for all patients during these two-hour monitoring periods decreased by 10.3 +/- 1.9/8.3 +/- 1.5 mm Hg during prazosin therapy and by 9.0 +/- 5.1/5.8 +/- 3.4 mm Hg during enalapril therapy. All patients responded to one of the two drugs, but only 50 percent responded to both. Side effects were generally mild and transient, and no significant metabolic effects were observed. Both prazosin and enalapril were effective and well tolerated in this population of elderly patients with mild hypertension.
Sexual abuse survivors and psychiatric hospitalization after bariatric surgery

BACKGROUND: Some investigators have postulated that a history of being the victim of childhood sexual abuse may impact outcome of bariatric surgery. METHODS: In this retrospective chart review, we examined the electronic medical records of 152 adults with morbid obesity who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and who had a weight recorded in their medical record or reported in a follow-up surgery at 2 years after the RYGBP. The purpose of this retrospective chart review was to examine the relationship between psychosocial factors assessed preoperatively and the percent of excess weight lost (%EWL) at 2 years after bariatric surgery. RESULTS: We found a high prevalence of being the victim of childhood sexual abuse (27%), adult sexual trauma (9%), and/or physical abuse (19%) at the initial evaluation. There was no association between these factors and %EWL at 2 years. However, when we examined participants' medical records for post-operative psychiatric hospitalizations at our medical center, 8 of 11 hospitalized patients reported a history of childhood sexual abuse (73%). CONCLUSIONS: History of being the victim of childhood sexual abuse is reported frequently by patients seeking bariatric surgery. Our finding that having been the victim of childhood sexual abuse may be associated with increased risk of psychiatric hospitalization after RYGBP has several clinical implications. First, we recommend that clinicians assess carefully for a history of sexual or physical abuse, and secondly, abuse survivors may need to be told that there is an increased risk of psychiatric morbidity after bariatric surgery. Finally, perhaps close monitoring of these patients may prevent psychiatric difficulties after surgery. Further research to verify these preliminary findings is clearly needed. Language: en
Indirect Effects in Experimental Studies of Marine Soft-Sediment Communities

Synopsis. Most experimental studies that deal with the effects of biotic interactions in marine soft sediments are designed to examine the direct effects of one species (or group of species) on some subset of the community. However, species within a community influence one another through a complex web comprising both direct and indirect effects. Ignoring this complexity in the development of hypotheses and experimental designs will likely lead to unexpected or conflicting findings. Few studies of marine soft-sediment communities have emphasized indirect effects and even fewer have included experimental designs capable of testing for them. To illustrate the potential importance of indirect effects in marine soft sediments, I provide several examples from the literature and describe the type of experi? mental design required to demonstrate a simple indirect effect involving three species. Perspective on indirect effects in a particular community changes as more information is collected about individual species and their effects. The influence of one species or guild may be confounded by that of another and even effects expected to be strong may appear weak or nonexistent as a result of unidentified indirect effects. Recognizing indirect effects in soft-sediment communities may help to explain apparent paradoxical results in past experiments and provide an improved template for the design of future experiments.
A small polyadenylated RNA (7 S RNA), containing a putative ribosome attachment site, maps near the origin of human mitochondrial DNA replication.

Abstract The light (L) strand sequence of HeLa cell mitochondrial DNA which codes for a small polyadenylated RNA (7 S RNA) has been precisely localized, by mapping and sequencing studies, in a region of the genome which immediately precedes the origin of replication in the direction of L-strand transcription, extending from 219 nucleotides to within 20 nucleotides from this origin. A 5′-end sequencing analysis of 7 S RNA has revealed the presence of two major species differing in size by one nucleotide at this end, and possibly three minor species. The 7 S RNA appears to contain, near its 3′-end, a potential reading frame for a polypeptide 23 or 24 amino acids long. Furthermore, in the 5′ non-coding region, an 11-nucleotide long sequence has been identified which is complementary to a sequence near the 3′-end of the 12 S ribosomal RNA, and possibly represents a ribosome attachment site.
Determinants of perceived choice, number of options, and perceived time in making a selection

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of number of choice options and perceived time taken to make a selection upon perceived choice. College students were asked to make a selection from a set of options which varied in numerosity; after making their selection, they were given information which varied their perception of time in making the selection. As predicted, perceived choice was found to be greater (1) the greater the number of options when a person perceived that he had taken a relatively short time; (2) if the selection involved a moderately large number of options than if it involved either a small or a very large number when a person perceived that he had taken a relatively long time; (3) the longer the time a person thought he had taken, except when the selection involved a very large number of options—in which case, perceived choice was greater the shorter the perceived time. The experiment also provided evidence about the relationship between perceived choice and perceived competence.
wConnect: a facebook-based developmental learning community to support women in information technology

The under-representation of women in computer and infor-mation science (CIS) has created a crisis in availability of qualified CIS professionals and diversity of perspectives. Many interventions are being explored but these are primarily institutional programs like curriculum enhancements and mentoring. We describe wConnect, a developmental learning community that leverages social relations and social networking software to support women in CIS. This is a practical issue of some urgency that presents an opportunity for community informatics to impact the CIS profession. We report our progress and lessons learned, so that other organizations can initiate similar outreach activities.
A comprehensive global optimization approach for the synthesis of heat exchanger networks with no stream splits

The mathematical programming approach for the synthesis of heat exchanger networks provides a powerful, and versatile framework for the simultaneous optimization of energy consumption, area, and stream matches. Nevertheless, nonconvexities introduced by the logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), the heat transfer equation, the energy balances for mixers or splitters, and the concave area cost functions to mathematical models often give rise to multiple local optimum solutions. In this paper a rigorous global optimization method is presented for the synthesis of heat exchanger networks under the simplifying assumption of no stream splitting. We present a new class of approximating planes that bound the LMTD from above, and a convex mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model that is linearly constrained, and predicts lower bounds for the minimum total annual cost of the network. This convex MINLP model is embedded within a branch and bound algorithm that performs a spatial search in the domain of the network temperatures. The solution of the lower bounding MINLP model also provides a set of promising network configurations that are globally optimized to search for the global optimum network configuration and operating conditions. This last set of global nonlinear programming (NLP) problems is solved by applying a specialized version of the branch and contract algorithm proposed by Zamora and Grossmann (1996b) for the global optimization of problems with bilinear and linear fractional terms.
Poverty and Income Inequality: Markets and Governments in the International Economy.

Abstract Increases in aggregate national income are not always accompanied by reductions in levels of poverty or by decreases in the magnitudes of Gini coefficients. The Kuznets “Inverted-U” hypothesis (Kuznets, 1955, 1963) was based on statistical data relating to several of the contemporary developed countries. But it seems that a similar inverted-U relationship between per capita income and Gini coefficient may form a viable hypothesis on the global level. If so, economic progress measured in terms of per capita income does not, in practice, result in people having greater freedom because increase in per capita income does not necessarily decrease the level of poverty rate and therefore does not always reduce the constraint imposed by the need to satisfy basic wants. This paper discusses some empirical and normative aspects of global poverty and income distribution and the role that markets and governments play in the international economy.
Site specific effects of acute exercise on muscle and adipose tissue metabolism in sedentary female rats.

Abstract The effects of endurance exercise on muscle, and adipose tissue metabolism were investigated. Female lean Zucker rats swam for two hours at high intensity. Three groups were examined: pre-exercise control (C), exercised (E) and 24 hours post-exercise (E-24). Exercise increased fat cell lipolysis in the inguinal depot ( p ) while no effect was detected in the parametrial depot. In contrast, parametrial pad lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity decreased after exercise with 24 hours post-exercise values being reduced below E and C rats ( p ). Gastrocnemius LPL activity remained unchanged during exercise while heart LPL increased, E having higher values than C and E-24 ( p ). Gastrocnemius, but not heart, citrate synthase activity increased with exercise, with E-24 values increased compared to E and C ( p ). These results demonstrate that adipose tissue's response to exercise is site specific, and suggests a distinct physiological role for different adipose depots. Muscle LPL and citrate synthase activities were modified differently for gastrocnemius and heart, confirming the distinct metabolic response to exercise of these two muscles.
A self‐consistent model for short‐channel mosfets

A de model for short-channel MOSFETs is presented in this paper. Several second-order effects associated with small-geometry MOSFETs such as mobility degradation, carrier velocity saturation and channel length modulation are included in the model. The analysis emphasizes the modeling of the output conductance and the transconductance which are important in analogue circuit simulation. The theoretical predictions of the model are in good agreement with the experimental data available in the literature.
Technology transfer in the petroleum industry

The energy industry, especially the petroleum, is critically important to today's society. This industry has historically been accused of being a “good old boy” network that is extremely reluctant and slow to accept technology and change. A closer analysis of the industry shows that it is highly fragmented consisting mostly of firms who operate in only a limited number of functional areas. The analysis also shows that there are many critical current and future problems which could be addressed with technology from any diverse disciplines and industries. Case analyses of existing technology flow through to successful utilization by the petroleum industry describes the technology transfer process and the role played by the different firms inside and outside the industry.
New combinatorial formulations of the shuffle conjecture

The shuffle conjecture (due to Haglund, Haiman, Loehr, Remmel, and Ulyanov) provides a combinatorial formula for the Frobenius series of the diagonal harmonics module DH"n, which is the symmetric function @?(e"n). This formula is a sum over all labeled Dyck paths of terms built from combinatorial statistics called area, dinv, and IDes. We provide three new combinatorial formulations of the shuffle conjecture based on other statistics on labeled paths, parking functions, and related objects. Each such reformulation arises by introducing an appropriate new definition of the inverse descent set. Analogous results are proved for the higher-order shuffle conjecture involving @?^m(e"n). We also give new versions of some recently proposed combinatorial formulas for @?(C"@a) and @?(s"("k","1"^"("^"n"^"-"^"k"^")")), which translate expansions based on the dinv statistic into equivalent expansions based on Haglund's bounce statistic.
Nonrandom Localization of DNA Sequences in the Crescent Micronucleus of Tetrahymena

The premeiotic micronucleus of Tetrahymena thermophila elongates parallel to the long axis of the cell. In fixed cells one end of this crescent micronucleus appears thicker than the other, and either end may be oriented toward the anterior of the cell. Three families of repeated DNA sequences have been localized in the crescent micronucleus by in situ hybridization. Two micronucleus-specific sequences hybridize all along the crescent, but preferentially toward the ends. A macronucleus-retained sequence hybridizes preferentially to the half of the micronucleus at the thick end. Thus the arrangement of DNA sequences in the crescent micronucleus is nonrandom.
David O. Sears' Ongoing Contribution to Political Psychology

David Sears is a seminal figure within political psychology whose contribution to the field is difficult to exaggerate. In 1964 he published Public Opinion (Lane & Sears, 1964), establishing himself as a leader in the study of political attitudes. He has not looked back. The co-authored text with Lane quickly became a staple of graduate courses in political behavior and political psychology. Over the ensuing years he has published prolifically on a broad range of topics that remain central to political psychology: selective media exposure, political socialization, race rela tions, self-interest and the origins of political attitudes, the person positivity bias in evaluation of political leaders, and the centrality of affect to political attitudes. In many if not all instances, Sears' work set the research agenda for years if not decades. His innovative and prescient 1981 article with Donald Kinder (Kinder & Sears, 1981) on symbolic racism reshaped the study of white racial attitudes. His masterful account of self-interest's anemic effects on public opinion (Sears & Funk, 1991; Sears, Lau, Tyler, & Allen, 1980) turned heads and aroused ire, influencing successive generations of political psychologists. It is difficult to imagine anyone more central than Sears to the development of contemporary political psychology. The current forum devoted to Sears' work does not signal his retreat from the field. He is as active and prolific as ever (as demonstrated by his contribution with P. J. Henry to this forum). It is prompted instead by a desire on the part of his many students to celebrate Sears' active research career and underscore his many and vast contributions to the field of political psychology. The current papers are drawn from two panel sessions held in his honor at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association in Chicago in 2007. Contributors to this forum?all former Sears' students?decided to sidestep the traditional festschrift volume for a more active tribute that involved the presentation of data and research findings,
Computer-generated floral ornament

This paper describes some of the principles of traditional floral ornamental design, and explores ways in which these designs can be created algorithmically. It introduces the idea of “adaptive clip art,” which encapsulates the rules for creating a specific ornamental pattern. Adaptive clip art can be used to generate patterns that are tailored to fit a particularly shaped region of the plane. If the region is resized or reshaped, the ornament can be automatically regenerated to fill this new area in an appropriate way. Our ornamental patterns are created in two steps: first, the geometry of the pattern is generated as a set of two-dimensional curves and filled boundaries; second, this geometry is rendered in any number of styles. We demonstrate our approach with a variety of floral ornamental designs. CR Categories: I.3.3 [Computer Graphics]: Picture/Image Generation; I.3.4 [Computer Graphics]: Graphics Utilities— Picture description languages. Additional
Pure Glucagon Antagonists: Biological Activities and cAMP Accumulation Using Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

Five new glucagon analogues have been designed, synthesized, characterized and their biological activities tested. The investigation was centered on modifications in the N-terminal region in particular, residues at Thr5, Phe6 and Tyr10 positions, with the goal of obtaining pure glucagon antagonists in our newly developed high sensitivity cAMP accumulation assay. The structures of the designed compounds are: [des-His1, des-Phe6, Glu9] glucagon-NH2 (1); [des-His1, des-Phe6, Glu9, Phe10]glucagon-NH2 (2); [des-His1, Tyr5, des-Phe6, Glu9]glucagon-NH2 (3); [des-His1, Phe5, des-Phe6, Glu9]glucagon-NH2 (4) and [des-His1, des-Phe6, Glu9, D-Arg18]glucagon-NH2 (5). The binding potencies IC50 values in (nM) were 48.0, 27.4, 26.0, 20.0 and 416.0, respectively. All of these analogues when tested in the classical adenylate cyclase assay demonstrate antagonist properties, and in competition experiments, all caused a rightward-shift of the glucagon stimulated adenylate cyclase dose-response curve. The pA2 values for these analogues were 8.20 (1); 6.25 (2); 6.10 (3); 6.25 (4); and 6.08 (5), respectively. A newly revised assay has been developed to determine the intracellular cAMP accumulation levels in hepatocytes at the highest possible sensitivity. Four of the five glucagon analogues in this report (analogues 1, 2, 4 and 5), did not activate the adenylate cyclase in the presence of Rolipram up to a maximal physiological concentration of 1 microM, and thus are pure antagonists.
Light Distributions from Point, Line and Plane Sources for Photochemical Reactions and Fluorescence in Turbid Biological Tissues

Light distributions in biological tissues are summarized in simple expressions for sphewrical, cylindrical and planar geometries due to point sources, line sources and planar sources. The goal is to provide workable tools for computing light distributions that govern the amount and distribution of photochemical reactions in experimental solutions, films and biological tissues. Diffusion theory expressions are compared with Monte Carlo simulations. Analytic expressions that mimic accurate Monte Carlo simulations are presented. Application to fluorescence measurements and prediction of necrotic zones in photodynamic therapy are outlined.
Influence of protoveratrine on effect of vasoactive drugs.

SummaryProtoveratrine was found to enhance the blood pressure responses to 1-norepinephrine and histamine in dogs and cats. This effect failed to occur in animals whose 9th and 10th nerves were sectioned bilaterally or whose spinal cord was transected. It is suggested that the hypotensive effect of protoveratrine is due to induced spontaneous or repetitive firing of baroceptors, which then become less susceptible to further stimulation or inhibition by changes of pressure.
Maximal nash subsets for bimatrix games

In this work maximal Nash subsets are studied in order to show that the set of equilibrium points of a bimatrix game is the finite union of all such subsets. In addition, the extreme points of maximal Nash subsets are characterized in terms of square submatrices of the payoff matrices and dimension relations are derived.
One-way barpress avoidance response: An elevated-lever effect

Rats that could enter a safe place after depressing an elevated lever (about 22 cm above the floor) quickly learned to avoid shock, and an increase in shock intensity either improved or did not affect their avoidance performance. Whether or not the rats learned to avoid seemed unrelated to the amount of freezing during the early trials.
Effect of electron beam radiation on tensile and viscoelastic properties of styrenic block copolymers

The effect of electron beam (E-beam) radiation on a series of styrenic block copolymers (SBCs) was investigated. These SBCs included newly developed poly(styrene-block-isoprene/butadiene-block-styrene) (SIBS), poly(styrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene) (SBS), and poly(styrene-block-isoprene-block-styrene) (SIS). The tensile properties, stress relaxation, molecular weight, and dynamical mechanical properties were studied. Generally, the crosslink density and tensile moduli of SBCs increased with increasing of E-beam radiation dose. The tensile strength of SIBS and SIS was shown to first decrease at lower E-beam radiation dose ( 190 kGy). The tensile strength of SBS was significantly decreased at high E-beam radiation dose (>190 kGy). This was attributed to the differences between entanglement before E-beam radiation and the homogeneity of the crosslink network after exposure. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:2979–2988, 2014. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers
MYCOBACTERIOSIS IN CULTURED STRIPED BASS FROM CALIFORNIA

Striped bass (Morone saxatilis) juveniles raised in an intensive culture system had chronic mortality resulting from infections with Mycobacterium marinum. Approximately one-half of a population of 900 yearlings succumbed to the disease and 80% of those remaining were infected. The bacteria were isolated on Petrignani's medium after 7 days at 25 C and subcultures grew at temperatures from 20 to 37 C. The disease was characterized by systemic nodular lesions in all major organs. Older tubercles contained numerous acid-fast bacilli. Chemotherapy by feeding rifampin (6 mg/100 g of food for 60 days) was not an effective treatment. Subclinical mycobacteriosis in adult striped bass may be the source for vertical transmission to their progeny.
Effective interference and effective bandwidth of linear multiuser receivers in asynchronous CDMA systems

The performance of linear multiuser receivers in terms of the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) achieved by the users has been analyzed in a synchronous CDMA system under random spreading sequences. In this paper, we extend these results to a symbol-asynchronous but chip-synchronous system and characterize the SIR for linear receivers-the matched-filter receiver the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) receiver and the decorrelator. For each of the receivers, we characterize the limiting SIR achieved when the processing gain is large and also derive lower bounds on the SIR using the notion of effective interference. Applying the results to a power controlled system, we derive effective bandwidths of the users for these linear receivers and characterize the user capacity region: a set of users is supportable by a system if the sum of the effective bandwidths is less than the processing gain of the system. We show that while the effective bandwidth of the decorrelator and the MMSE receiver is higher in an asynchronous system than that in a synchronous system, it progressively decreases with the increase in the length of the observation window and is asymptotic to that of the synchronous system, when the observation window extends infinitely on both sides of the symbol of interest. Moreover, the performance gap between the MMSE receiver and the decorrelator is significantly wider in the asynchronous setting as compared to the synchronous case.
Life satisfaction in children and youth: Empirical foundations and implications for school psychologists

A central component of positive psychology is subjective well-being (SWB). One facet of SWB receiving increased research attention is children's perceived quality of life (PQOL). Existing research related to child and youth PQOL is reviewed, followed by a discussion of the implications of the research for school psychology practice. Research with children and adolescents reveals that PQOL has a wide ranging nomological network including personality, environmental, and activity variables. Furthermore, PQOL appears to mediate relationships between the environmental experiences of youth and problem behavior. Implications are discussed within the context of calls for greater attention by school psychologists to prevention, non-traditional assessment, direct service, consultation with teachers and parents, diversity issues, and the science-practice connection. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 41: 81–93, 2004.
Commentary on Websdale: Lethality Assessment Approaches: Reflections on Their Use and Ways Forward

As we go into the 21st century, we can look at the past 30 years of domestic violence advocacy and research and remark proudly on how far we have come. The accumulated scientific knowledge, practitioner wisdom, policy changes, and public opinion changes are all remarkable (Klein, Campbell, Soler, & Ghez, 1997). What is even more exciting is that it looks like all that work has achieved at least partially the goal of decreasing, if certainly not yet ending, domestic violence. At the very least, we have definitely decreased the number and rate of intimate partner (IP) homicide of both men and women since 1976. However, one of the ironies in the field is that the rates of IP homicide have decreased much more for men than for women. The studies that have examined the decrease have found that a significant proportion of the decrease is attributable to increases in domestic violence resources such as hotlines and shelters and improvement in domestic violence laws (Browne, Williams, & Dutton, 1998; Dugan, Nagin, & Rosenfeld, 1999, 2003). It is also important to note in this era of marriage promotion as a solution for domestic violence that divorce availability was also associated with the decline in IP homicide in the Dugan et al. (1999) multivariate analysis. Even with IP homicide decreasing and progress apparent, every life that is lost from domestic violence is far too many and haunts all of us. Fatality reviews have increased exponentially as one way to identify ways the system can be improved to prevent these deaths. Another strategy is the development of lethality risk assessment instruments and systems. Barbara Hart (1988) led the
A 610-MHz FIR Filter Using Rotary Clock Technique

This paper presents a low-power and high-speed finite impulse response (FIR) filter design. The uniqueness of our design is that it utilizes a resonant clocking technique, called rotary clock. Through custom design steps such as clock skew assignments, register placement, multi-phase clock routing, the proposed FIR filter is seamlessly integrated with rotary clock technique. It uses the spatially distributed multiple clock phases of rotary clock and achieves the full rotary clock power saving potential. Our design is fully digital and generated using CMOS standard cells in 0.18 mum technology. We show that our rotary clock based FIR filter can operate successfully at 610 MHz, providing a throughput of 39 Gbps. In comparison with the conventional clock tree based design, our design achieves a 34.6% clocking power saving and a 12.8% overall circuit power saving. To our knowledge, our design is the first rotary clock based non-trivial digital circuit ever reported.
Formation of monodisperse (WO3)3 clusters on TiO2(110).

Monodisperse, adsorbed cyclic trimers of WO3 have been prepared and characterized. Powdered WO3 was sublimed onto TiO2(110) at 300 K. After annealing to 600 K, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images indicated monodispersity, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated fully oxidized W6+, and mass microbalance, coupled with STM, indicated that each nanocluster was (WO3)3. Within the STM image of each adsorbed nanocluster, there was structure ascribed, on the basis of density functional theory, to characteristic low-lying unoccupied molecular orbitals of the cyclic isomer of (WO3)3.