cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Representation and perspective in science

The world science describes tends to have a very strange look. We can’t see atoms or force fields, nor are they imaginable within visualizable categories, so neither can we even imagine what the world must be like according to recent physical theories. That tension, between what science depicts as reality and how things appear to us, though it is more striking now, has been with us since modern science began. It can be addressed, and perhaps alleviated by inquiring into how science represents nature. In general, representation is selective, theselection is of what is relevant to the purpose at hand, and success may even require distortion. From this point of view, the constraint on science, that it must ‘save the phenomena’, takes on a new form. The question to be faced is howthe perspectival character of the appearances (that is, contents of measurement outcomes) can be related to the hidden structure that the sciences postulate. In the competing interpretations of quantum mechanics we can see how certaintraditional ideals and constraints are left behind. Specifically, Carlo Rovelli’s Relational Quantum Mechanics offers a probative example of the freedom of scientific representation.
Influence of Edge Cables on Cable Network Behavior

The deflectional behavior and ultimate load capacity of orthogonal cable networks bounded by edge cables has been investigated. The results show that the ultimate load capacity of the network is substantially affected by the properties of the edge cables, despite the fact that failure occurs in the orthogonal network portion. Paradoxically, an increase in edge cable stiffness, either by increasing the cable area or the cable sag, results in a decrease in the ultimate load carrying capacity. For particular cases, this may even result in less ultimate load than that of an equivalent network with rigid boundaries. This phenomenon can be explained by analyzing the horizontal inward or outward movement of the supporting edge cables.
Cloud Based Big Data Analytics: WAN Optimization Techniques and Solutions

More advanced applications to run the business and ensure competitiveness includes many factors. Few factors that improve the competitiveness includes more distributed branch offices and users; more reliance on web and wide area network; more remote users insisting on high speed networks; unpredictable response times etc. In addition, escalating malware and malicious content have created lot of pressure on business expansion. Also, ever increasing data volumes, data replication at off-site, and greater than ever use of content-rich applications are mandating IT organizations to optimize their network resources. Trends such as virtualization and cloud computing further emphasize this requirement in the current era of big data. To assist this process, companies are increasingly relying on a new generation of, wide area network (WAN), optimization techniques, ap-pliances, controllers, and platforms. Hence, it displaces standalone physical appli-ances by offering more scalability, flexibility, and manageability. This is achieved by additional inclusion of software to handle big data and bring valuable insights through big data analytics. In addition, network reliability, accessibility, and avail-ability can be increased by an optimized WAN environment. Also, the perform-ance and consistency of data backup, replication, and recovery processes can be progressed. This chapter deals with the study of WAN optimization, tools, techniques, controllers, appliances and the solutions that are available for cloud based big data analytics. In addition, it provides a light on the future trends and the research potentials in this area.
Behavior of plastic and metal ameroid constrictors during in vitro incubation in physiologic solutions of varying glucose concentration

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of ameroid constrictor (AC) composition as well as glucose concentration in the surrounding fluid on the rate and completeness of AC closure. In a pilot study, four ACs (two metal, two plastic) were incubated in a solution containing 100 mg/dL glucose, and in a follow-up study, two additional ACs (one metal, one plastic) were incubated in a solution of 100 mg/dL glucose and six ACs (three metal, three plastic) were incubated in a solution of 50 mg/dL glucose. Dimensions of the ACs were analyzed weekly for 57 days. No significant difference was found in the rate or overall proportionate closure for either metal versus plastic ACs or ACs incubated in 50 mg/dL versus 100 mg/dL glucose. As there was no statistically significant difference in the proportionate closure of metal and plastic ACs, both types are clinically suitable for gradual attenuation of portosystemic shunts in animal patients. The lack of a significant difference in rate and completeness of closure of ACs incubated in different concentrations of glucose provides evidence that the glucose concentration of the surrounding fluid likely does not have a significant effect on AC closure. However, a significant difference in the proportionate closure of ACs occurred within the first week of the study between constrictors incubated in 50 mg/dL glucose and those incubated in 100 mg/dL glucose, and additional studies are indicated to determine the significance of this early difference in vivo.
Is it a car or a truck?: : managerial beliefs, the choice of product architecture, and the emergence of the minivan market segment

New markets segments are a common setting for studies in technology strategy. These studies generally assume that new segments already exist, or have formed following the introduction of a product innovation by an entering firm. Thus, theory on the role of established firms in the emergence of new market segments is underdeveloped. This study informs current research by explaining the product innovation decisions of established firms during the emergence of a new market segment. The results of a case study on the development and commercialization of the minivan at Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors between 1970 and 1985 indicate that existing theories based on managerial cognition, firm capabilities, economic incentives, and organizational structure are insufficient to explain the decisions. This article develops theory based on the interrelationship of these four mechanisms
The marker level set method: applications to simulation of liquids

Interface advection methods are important tools with applications in computer graphics and computer vision, as well as in computational fluid dynamics and other engineering domains. The classic level set method in particular is one of the most widely used methods for interfacial advection; however, this method is less successful in tracking high-curvature regions and thin sheets, and it completely discards information tangential to the interface. In this thesis we introduce a new method for advection of interfaces by an external velocity field with improved performance in the problematic areas of the classic level set method mentioned above, and present several applications to simulation of liquids. We show that our method, which we term the Marker Level Set (MLS), provides an accurate, simple, and efficient alternative to the present technology for interfacial advection. Moreover, MLS features several capabilities that are quite important for computer graphics, such as automatic surface texture transport and an easy way of generating spray and small bubbles during simulation of liquids. We introduce as well a new MLS-based level set reinitialization procedure which gives improved performance over classical reinitialization procedures used in the context of the level set method alone.
Theoretical and experimental studies of electrified interfaces relevant to energy storage.

Advances in technology for electrochemical energy storage require increased understanding of electrolyte/electrode interfaces, including the electric double layer structure, and processes involved in charging of the interface, and the incorporation of this understanding into quantitative models. Simplified models such as Helmholtz's electric double-layer (EDL) concept don't account for the molecular nature of ion distributions, solvents, and electrode surfaces and therefore cannot be used in predictive, high-fidelity simulations for device design. This report presents theoretical results from models that explicitly include the molecular nature of the electrical double layer and predict critical electrochemical quantities such as interfacial capacitance. It also describes development of experimental tools for probing molecular properties of electrochemical interfaces through optical spectroscopy. These optical experimental methods are designed to test our new theoretical models that provide descriptions of the electric double layer in unprecedented detail.
Integrated inventory model with fuzzy capital opportunity cost

Abstract This paper is concerned with the integrated single vendor-buyer inventory model. Recently, most of the publications assume that the opportunity cost is crisp. However, in practice, there are many uncertain factors in real world. So we mathematical model that more closely conform to actual inventory and respond to the factors that contribute to inventory costs, the model must be extended or altered. The goal of this paper is to find the optimal strategy for this model with a price-sensitive market demand rate and adjustable production rate under the condition of trade credit in fuzzy capital opportunity cost. In this model, we could drive the corresponding optimal solution that determine the buyer’s optimal retail price, order quantity and the numbers of shipments per production run from the vendor to buyer. Numerical examples are included to illustrate the procedure of the algorithm.
Treatment of Multifocal Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Solitary Kidney With Nivolumab

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the United States, with 62,700 new cases and 14,240 deaths expected in 2016.1 For patients with organ-confined disease, excellent oncologic outcomes have consistently been achieved with surgical resection; active surveillance and thermal ablation are also reasonable treatment options in carefully selected cases.2 However, for patients with metastatic disease, the survival rates are poor.3 Since 2006, 9 targeted therapies directed against vascular endothelial growth factor, its receptor, or the mammalian target of rapamycin, have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration4–13 (Table 1). Although these agents offer improved survival, durable complete responses remain exceptionally rare.14–16 Recently, immunotherapeutic checkpoint inhibitors have begun to reshape the treatment landscape for metastatic cancer. We report the case of a patient with metachronous multifocal organ-confined RCC in his solitary kidney after previous radical nephrectomy who experienced remarkable improvement after first-line systemic treatment with nivolumab. Table 1 FDA-Approved Targeted Therapies for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Influence of Tower Width and Ion Current Density on Live-working Gap Flashover Characteristics of EHVAC/UHVDC Transmission Line on the Same Tower

The transmission line which consists of extra high voltage alternating current(EHVAC) and ultra high voltage direct current(UHVDC) on one tower differs from that of single variety or voltage grades,and its tower width,which is paralleled to the 500 kV line,is twice as more as that of the single 500 kV towers,having an ion flow in the lower operation gaps caused by ±800 kV DC transmission line above.Therefore,based on typical "equipotential worker-tower" situation,the flashover of the operation gap under switching overvoltage with tower widths of 1.4～11.0 m was researched,and the influence of the ion current density at a distance of 0.8～1.25 m on the flashover voltage was also experimentally studied.Based on field records and experimental results,it is concluded that,with the increasing tower width,the switching induced flashover voltage decreases at the same operating distance: when the distance is 7.5 m and the tower width is 11 m,the switching induced 50% flashover voltage is about 14% lower than that with a tower width of 1.4 m.Within a range of 0～167 nA/m2,the ion current density has hardly any effect on the 0.80～1.25 m air gap switching impulse flashover voltage.The results can be considered as a reference for live-working on the EHVAC and UHVDC consisted lines.
Gallstone ileus with multiple stones: Where Rigler triad meets Bouveret’s syndrome

A 53-year-old man with multiple medical conditions presented to the emergency department with complaints of vomiting, anorexia and diffuse colicky abdominal pain for 3 d. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed radiographic findings consistent with Rigler triad seen in small proportion of patients with small bowel obstruction secondary to gallstone impaction. In addition there was a gastric outlet obstruction, consistent with Bouveret’s syndrome. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy and enterotomy with multiple stones extracted. The patient had an uneventful post-surgical clinical course and was discharged home.
“Nwuna׳s body is so sexy”: Pop culture and the chronotopic formulations of kinship terms in Korean

Abstract This paper examines the indexical and chronotopic meanings of two Korean kinship terms, oppa ‘older brother of woman’ and nwuna ‘older sister of a man’, as they emerge in South Korean popular culture. These kinship terms are commonly used in South Korean society not just to address siblings, but in a tropical sense to address intimates of superior age to the speaker, extending to romantic contexts. The paper demonstrates that oppa and nwuna become chronotopic spaces for negotiation between traditional Korean morals and gender roles tied up in the status and intimacy indexed by these forms, and new competing discourses of gender equality, free love, consumerism and enlightenment. Crucially, the analysis shows that the underlying kinship metaphors contained in oppa and nwuna play a crucial role in negotiating the balance between modernity and tradition, particularly in the depiction of sex and romance in Korean popular culture. By packaging romance and sex within the idiom of kinship, sexual desires and fantasies are rendered innocent and pure, or obscured altogether, thus allowing Korean popular culture to escape censure for being overtly sexually provocative.
Multi-Dimensional Transfer Function Design for Scientific Visualization.

Direct volume rendering of field data can be accomplished through a correct choice of transfer functions that map data values to visual properties such as transparency and color. Such one-dimensional transfer functions, especially when specified through trial and error selection, often prove inadequate for producing correct and informative visualizations. In this paper, we consider multi-dimensional transfer functions for scalar fields which utilize field gradient magnitude and second derivative information, in addition to data values, to discriminate features with overlapping ranges. Our automatic method is further distinguished by our setting of voxels opacities, based on their spatial distance to boundaries in the specified volumetric scalar field data.
On Nutrient Variability and Sediments in Upwelling Regions

The relationships between upwelling intensity, euphotic zone nutrient concentrations, and biological productivity are non-linear, and these non-linearities must be taken into account in interpreting the sedimentary record. For example, the strong nutrient gradients within and between basins in the present day ocean would produce considerable differences in the nutrient concentrations of waters rising to the surface even if upwelling dynamics were otherwise the same. In the recent geologic past, these gradients may have varied significantly.
Evolution and Historical Biogeography of a Song Sparrow Ring in Western North America

The Song Sparrow, Melospiza melodia (Aves: Emberizidae), exhibits a greater degree of geographic variation than does any other North American bird species. Detailed morphological work has demonstrated that a subset of the 25 diagnosable subspecies forms a classic ring species in the western United States. The ring’s center is the Sierra Nevada and Mojave Desert in California and adjacent Nevada, and its connecting point is in southeastern California, where an olive and black subspecies of the coastal slope interbreeds sporadically with a gray and rufous subspecies of the arid interior. However, song differences associated with habitat segregation lead to assortative mating between the two subspecies that meet in the Coachella Valley at the southern base of San Gorgonio Pass. Moving clockwise around the ring from the connecting point one finds a gradation of subspecies that become paler, rustier, and grayer. Standard models of ring species evolution imply the connecting point is the region occupied most recently, in this case after sparrows would have spread southward down either side of the mountains and desert. This scenario is plausible given molecular evidence of a glacial refugium on the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, suggesting that ancestral birds could have moved south in this pattern. By contrast, another postulated refugium is what is now the arid desert of southeastern California or northeastern Baja California, Mexico. This refugium’s location – coupled with a recent meta-analysis of North American hybrid zones that identifies the San Gorgonio Pass region as an ancestral contact zone of coastal and desert fauna – implies that the connecting point is the region occupied earliest, an alternative that would mean the Song Sparrow ring differs fundamentally from one that would have evolved via the standard model. Biogeographical and morphological data support the latter, more radical interpretation, but genetic, vocal, ecological, and behavioral data are needed around the ring to determine conclusively which model is best supported.
Influence of electric fields on pinning in YBa2Cu3O7- delta films.

Experimental evidence is provided that the pinning force and the critical current density of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}{delta}} films can be controlled by electric fields. This novel effect is attributed to field-induced changes of the density of mobile charge carriers in the superconductor.
The Justice of Economic Efficiency

The central problem of political economy is how to organize society so as to promote the production of wealth. The central problem of political philosophy is how to arrange society so as to make it a just social order.
Effectiveness of Speech Therapy for Second Grade Children with Misarticulations—Predictive Factors:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate speech therapy for functional misarticulations and to determine the measures which predict improvement in speech, language, and listening. The following factors appeared predictive: (a) occupational status of the fathers and word recognition; (b) mental age and improvement in word recognition, auditory discrimination, and articulation; (c) stimulability of sounds and improvement in articulation; (d) auditory skills and improvement in connected speech.
CTGF/CCN2 is an autocrine regulator of cardiac fibrosis

Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathologic consequence of stress insult to the heart and is characterized by abnormal deposition of fibrotic extracellular matrix that compromises cardiac function. Cardiac fibroblasts are key mediators of fibrotic remodeling and are regulated by secreted stress-response proteins. The matricellular protein connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), or CCN2, is strongly produced by injured cardiomyocytes and although it is considered a pro-fibrotic factor in many organ systems, its role in cardiac fibrosis is controversial. Here we adopted a cell-specific genetic approach to conditionally delete CCN2 in either cardiomyocytes or activated fibroblasts. Fibrosis was induced by angiotensin II-based neurohumoral stimulation, an insult that strongly induces CCN2 expression from cardiomyocytes and to a lesser extent in fibroblasts. Remarkably, only CCN2 deletion from activated fibroblasts inhibited the fibrotic remodeling while deletion from cardiomyocytes (the main source of CCN2 in the heart) had no effects. In vitro experiments revealed that although efficiently secreted by both fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes, only fibroblast-derived CCN2 is proficient in its ability to fully activate fibroblasts. These results overall indicate that although secreted into the extracellular matrix, CCN2 acts in an autocrine fashion. Secretion of CCN2 by cardiomyocytes is not pro-fibrotic, while fibroblast-derived CCN2 can modulate fibrosis in the heart. In conclusion we found that cardiomyocyte-derived CCN2 is dispensable for cardiac fibrosis, while inhibiting CCN2 induction in activated fibroblasts is sufficient to abrogate the cardiac fibrotic response to angiotensin II. Hence, CCN2 is an autocrine factor in the heart.
Creating a Library Publishing Program for Scholarly Books: Your Options Are Limited

Publishing programs in academic libraries vary in their scope, offerings, and business models. Despite the many forms that these programs take, I have argued in the past that various factors constrain the design of a start-up publishing operation. In this commentary, I discuss in greater depth the key questions to be addressed before establishing a library publishing program for scholarly books, arguing that the viable options are in fact quite limited.
Points-Based Reward Systems in Gamification Impact Children’s Physical Activity Strategies and Psychological Needs:

Gamification is an increasingly popular form of health intervention but its efficacy remains elusive due to a lack of clarity in its conceptualization and operationalization. This study aimed to is...
(306) The Unique and Interactive Effects of Patient Race, Patient Weight, and Provider Implicit Attitudes on Chronic Pain Treatment Decisions

Prior work suggests that providers are influenced by patient race and weight when making pain-related decisions. Providers with stronger implicit (automatic) attitudes about race and weight may be more likely to be influenced by these patient-level characteristics when making treatment decisions. In this multi-part study, we (a) examined the influence of patient race and weight on providers’ pain treatment decisions, (b) measured providers’ implicit attitudes about race and weight with two separate Implicit Association Tests, and (c) explored the extent to which providers’ attitudes predicted their treatment decisions. Ninety medical students (“providers”) viewed four videos of women with chronic low back pain completing a standardized sit-to-stand task who varied by race (Black/White) and weight (overweight/obese). Text vignettes with additional patient information accompanied the videos. For each patient, providers rated their likelihood of recommending opioids, a psychology referral, and disability compensation. Repeated measures ANOVAs indicated no main effects of patient race or weight on providers’ opioid decisions; however, providers were more likely to recommend a psychology referral for patients with obesity versus overweight [F(1,89)=9.79, p
Motivational Interviewing and Home Visits to Improve Health Behaviors and Reduce Childhood Obesity: A Pilot Study.

Introduction:Childhood obesity prevalence is highest among low-income, Hispanic, and Black children. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of using motivational interviewing (MI)...
Bacterial Major Vault Protein homologs shed new light on origins of the enigmatic organelle

Vaults are large cone-shaped and highly conservative ribonucleoprotein complexes present in the cells of most major eukaryote clades. However, despite their wide distribution, their functions and evolutionary dynamics still remain enigmatic. Several minor functions in modulating signaling cascades and multidrug resistance phenotypes were previously discovered for eukaryotic vaults, yet nothing is known about bacterial homologs of the major vault protein (MVP), a protein that comprises the entirety of vault external surface. Using gene and protein BLAST searches in NCBI and UniProt databases we identified a number of bacterial species in prokaryotic orders Myxococcales, Cytophagales and Oscillatoriales with >50% identity to eukaryotic MVP sequences. Interestingly, all of these species are characterized by one common feature - gliding type of motility. Secondary structures of the identified proteins were predicted using RAPTORX web service and aligned via jFATCAT-flexible algorithm in the RCSB PDB Java Structure Alignment tool to elucidate structural identity. Coiled coil domain at the MVP C-terminus of all studied bacterial species resembled TolA protein of Escherichia coli by both structure and sequence. We also showed that MVP sequences from chemotrophic bacteria Myxococcales and Cytophagales contain a domain homologous to eukaryotic band-7 domain, unlike cyanobacterial and eukaryotic major vault proteins. As expected, maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees for MVP sequences separate studied taxa into two clades - first clade contains Oscillatoriales (Cyanobacteria) and Eukaryotes and the second one contains chemotrophic bacteria. In addition, binding prediction via RAPTORX showed great multiplicity GMP and CMP nucleoside monophosphate binding pockets in Myxococcales and Cytophagales MVP, unlike eukaryotic and cyanobacterial proteins which had much lower affinity to these substrates. Due to high similarity of eukaryotic and cyanobacterial MVP sequences and a pattern of its phylogenetic distribution, we can speculate that the most likely scenario for vault appearance in eukaryotes is horizontal gene transfer from cyanobacteria. Presence of GMP and CMP binding pockets in MVP could also point to a function in depleting cytosolic nucleotide concentration which would be beneficial, for instance, during a viral infection. Further research is necessary to uncover potential functions of this enigmatic protein in bacteria and to determine its evolutionary patterns. In addition, a correlation between MVP presence and gliding motility in bacteria could also lead to elucidating selective pressures on the early evolution of this protein.
Metal–Organic Layers for Synergistic Lewis Acid and Photoredox Catalysis

We report the design of a new multifunctional metal-organic layer (MOL), Hf12-Ir-OTf, comprising triflate (OTf)-capped Hf12 secondary building units (SBUs) and photosensitizing Ir(DBB)[dF(CF3)ppy]2+ [DBB-Ir-F, DBB = 4,4'-di(4-benzoato)-2,2'-bipyridine; dF(CF3)ppy = 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine] bridging ligands. Hf12-Ir-OTf effectively catalyzed dehydrogenative cross-couplings of heteroarenes with ethers, amines, and unactivated alkanes with turnover numbers of 930, 790, and 950, respectively. Hf12-Ir-OTf also competently catalyzed late-stage functionalization of bioactive and drug molecules such as caffeine, Fasudil, and Metyrapone. The superior catalytic performance of Hf12-Ir-OTf over a mixture of photoredox catalyst and stoichiometric amounts of Bronsted acids or substoichiometric amounts (20 mol %) of Lewis acids is attributed to the close proximity (1.2 nm) between photoredox and Lewis acid catalysts in Hf12-Ir-OTf, which not only facilitates the reaction between the carbon radical and the activated heteroarene but also accelerates the electron transfer from the nitrogen radical intermediate to the Ir(IV) species in the catalytic cycle.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Optimization of Magnetoelectric BaTiO3–Iron Oxide Core–Shell Nanoparticles

Improvement of magnetic, electronic, optical, and catalytic properties in cutting-edge technologies including drug delivery, energy storage, magnetic transistor, and spintronics requires novel nanomaterials. This article discusses the unique, clean, and homogeneous physiochemical synthesis of BaTiO3/iron oxide core-shell nanoparticles with interfaces between ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy displayed the distinguished disparity between the core and shell of the synthesized nanoparticles. Elemental mapping and line scan confirmed the formation of the core-shell structure. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy detected the surface iron oxide phase as maghemite. Rietveld analysis of the X-ray diffraction data labeled the crystallinity and phase purity. This study provides a promising platform for the desirable property development of the futuristic multifunctional nanodevices.
Percutaneous retrograde left external carotid artery coil embolization for management of hemorrhage from a persistent proatlantal intersegmental artery type 2.

Abstract Persistent fetal communications between the carotid and vertebrobasilar systems are rare and most often discovered incidentally. We present the case of a patient with oropharyngeal cancer status post chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgical resection who developed acute oropharyngeal hemorrhage on postoperative day 36, originating from branches of the ligated external carotid artery stump by retrograde flow through a proatlantal intersegmental artery type 2. This hemorrhage was successfully controlled with coil embolization through percutaneous access of the external carotid artery without recurrence at 1-year follow-up.
Variational multiscale modeling of Langmuir turbulent boundary layers in shallow water using Isogeometric Analysis

Abstract We present large-eddy simulations (LES) of wind and wave-driven turbulent boundary layers in shallow water with Langmuir circulation using a variational multi-scale formulation of the Craik-Leibovich equations. The simulations are performed using Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) based on quadratic non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) basis functions. Wind and wave-driven turbulent boundary layers over a flat bottom surface representative of open ocean conditions in inner-shelf regions with turbulent Langmuir number L a t = 0.7 and wind stress friction Reynolds number R e τ = 395 are first simulated. The present results agree well with the reference results based on a spectral LES with higher mesh resolution [1]. Then, to investigate the effect of seabed topography on the turbulence, we simulate turbulent boundary layers over a sloped bottom surface with wind and wave forcing parallel to the shore, representative of a surf-shelf transition zone. We find that the Langmuir cell size increases as the water column shallows approaching onshore and the cell center shifts to the onshore direction. The mean velocity and turbulent kinetic energy along the shore are quantified.
Broadband High-Efficiency Linear Power Amplifier Design for Millimeter-Wave 5G

We will discuss some design insights on broadband linear and highly-efficient medium-power power amplifiers (PA) for millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) 5G applications. These broadband mm-Wave PAs are targeted to cover most of the key 5G FR2 band (i.e., 24.25 to 43.5 GHz), and support 5G NR modulated broadband signals with high peak-to-average-power-ratio (PAPR). For example, they can operate at both 28 and 37 GHz, with 3dB bandwidth of ∼20 GHz or greater with good linearity and power-added-efficiency (PAE). We will present our mm-Wave PA designed in advanced 40 nm GaN technology as an example, and compare its performance with other state-of-the-art broadband 5G mm-Wave PAs designed in CMOS and SiGe BiCMOS as reported in the literature. These prototype medium-power mm-Wave PAs reveal performance trade-offs on P OUT , linearity, PAE and bandwidth, depending on the selection of PA topologies (i.e., Doherty, differential, stacked), device technologies (III-V vs. silicon), biasing schemes and matching network, etc. Measurement data using 5G NR 900 MHz signal with 256 QAM modulation suggests our GaN PA can achieve good linearity with EVM OUT , Linear > 10 dBm for both 28 and 38 GHz simultaneously without predistortion, and the PA also achieves max. PAE > 30% for CW operation.
The Every Student Succeeds Act and Multicultural Education: A Critical Race Theory Analysis:

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is now the educational law of the land. It replaced and revised what was known as No Child Left Behind (NCLB). ESSA represents a movement from more federal ove...
Keep it Simple: Soap and Water for Adequate Reprocessing of Neonatal Resuscitation Equipment in Low-Resource Settings

Purpose: Adequate reprocessing (disinfection) of neonatal resuscitation equipment may prevent neonatal sepsis. As such, PATH developed consensus guidelines for reprocessing that were strongly recommended by Helping Babies Breathe, 2nd Edition. However, early feedback from low-resource settings reports these guidelines are not easy to implement and sustain in the locales for which they were designed. The purpose of this pilot study …
The Value of Information in Professional Settings is Experienced through Relationships and Networks

A Review of: Sharun, S. (2019). Exploring value as a dimension of professional information literacy. Journal of Information Literacy, 13(2), 26–40. https://doi.org/10.11645/13.2.2627 Abstract Objective – To critically explore the frame “Information has Value” in a workplace setting. Design – Semi-structured interviews. Setting – Community health centre in Canada. Subjects – Seven health and human services staff members serving vulnerable, urban youth ages 12 to 24. Methods – The researcher employed phenomenography to analyze interviews and to identify categories of information practice. Main Results – Four categories of information practice emerged: resourcing, referring, outsourcing, and advocating. The researcher identified the value of information as central to participants’ experience of information practice in the workplace. Subjects’ understanding of the nature and significance of value was situated within personal relationships and professional networks. Conclusion – The study demonstrated that a specific aspect of information literacy can be successfully investigated to highlight its complexity and to show how it is experienced in a specific setting. A second conclusion was the centrality of interpersonal relationships to how value is experienced in professional information practice. The researcher recommends further study exploring relational value and in the sociocultural practice of information literacy.
The Status of International Law in the Mexican Constitution

This chapter explores the incorporation and implementation mechanisms of ICL in Mexico as well as the rank of international law within the Mexican constitution. A review will be made of the different rulings of the Supreme Court, which have evolved into the present interpretation of the footing of international treaties within the domestic legal order as part of the “supreme law of the land”. The review suggests that the different stages of interpretation went par in par with the political developments. Special constitutional clauses related to international law are also examined. The constitutional and interpretative background will provide an interesting insight into the high value given to written law and the bare recognition given to international customary law. The result of this analysis will support the view that the Mexican state has a tendency towards a “statist” approach, rather than an “internationalist” one, bearing in mind the above identified features can lead to the most adequate legal measures for the prosecution of international crimes in the domestic legal order. Additionally, the description of Mexico’s stance on international law can lead to a better understanding of the internal review of the RS and the objections it faced as a threat to sovereignty.
PLATONIC DIALOGUE AND GADAMERIAN HERMENEUTICS

This paper will elaborate the different Platonic elements of dialogue as philosophical basis for Gadamerian hermeneutical structures. The intersubjective cross-examination found in Plato’s Dialogue shows that the real meaning comes from the real encounters between speakers; or in Gadamer’s term: encounters between text and the reader. For Gadamer, it is always important in this pursuit of meaning and truth that we examine our own prejudice. Cross-examining our own claim of truth and belief is an essential element in Gadamer’s hermeneutics. I argue that we can see how the Platonic model of dialogue is easily aligned with the Gadamerian positive approach towards ‘traditions.’ There is a constant dialogue at work in interpretation, a dialogue between the past and the present, between different traditions and points of view. Dialogue is an important keyword for both Plato and Gadamer in their efforts to their existential quest of wisdom.
Safety and Quality of Romaine Lettuce Accessible to Low Socioeconomic Populations Living in Houston, TX

ABSTRACT Previous empirical evidence has demonstrated that low-socioeconomic status (SES) communities have higher rates of gastroenteritis; however, there is a paucity of literature on the safety and quality of food (fresh produce) accessible to these communities. The overarching goal of this study was to investigate the microbial safety and quality of romaine lettuce from low- and high-SES neighborhoods in the Houston, TX, area. Loose-leaf romaine lettuce was purchased from low- and high-SES neighborhood retailers, and aerobic plate count, coliform, Escherichia coli, yeast, and mold assays were conducted. In addition, enrichment was performed on all samples for Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., and E. coli O157:H7, and reverse transcriptase PCR analysis was carried out. The results showed that E. coli, coliform, yeast, and mold were present in significantly higher counts (P < 0.05) in produce obtained from low-SES neighborhoods compared with high-SES neighborhoods. The reverse transcriptase PCR results showed that 38% of samples from high-SES areas were positive for S. aureus versus 87% of samples from low-SES areas. None of the samples from high-SES areas were positive for the other pathogens. The samples from low-SES areas were positive for E. coli O157:H7 (4%), Salmonella spp. (53%), L. monocytogenes (13%), and S. aureus (87%). These results demonstrate a significant disparity in the quality and safety of romaine lettuce accessible to low- versus high-SES populations. Future studies can be designed to identify the specific cause of this challenge by investigating the food supply chain. HIGHLIGHTS
Main Socio-Economic Trends and Conclusions in Russia in Early November 2018

As far as the intensity of discussion was concerned, the ‘gasoline problem’ turns out to be the most important issue after the ‘pension project’. The flurry of negotiations, compromises, concessions and warnings has come to the intermediate finish line following the Russian authorities’ decision to abstain from any further attempts to persuade biggest market participants to forego some of their export super-profits for the sake of stabilizing domestic fuel prices. After many months of difficult discussions, the authorities have fired an unprecedentedly tough ultimatum to big business: if the oil tycoons do not agree to freeze their prices until at least the end of 2018 (and then to keep their growth rate within the limits of general inflation until April 2019), the Government will immediately introduce prohibitive export duties on oil.
Sri Lanka’s Simmering Eastern Crucible

Sri Lanka has garnered international headlines over the past 25 years for its protracted ethnic conflict and more recently for the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and its devastating aftermath. However, long before these phenomena punctuated social memories, Dennis McGilvray had been engaged in research in the Batticaloa region in eastern Sri Lanka. Crucible of Conflict is a sprawling ethnography that attends to Sri Lanka’s “remarkable sociological complexity.” While too numerous to encapsulate in this review, the details are carefully chosen and are dedicated to providing a historical backdrop of the region’s major social structures and relations that is especially relevant to scholars of Sri Lanka and of South Asia in general. Recognizing that history is a “highly charged field of political rhetoric” (p. 56) and that the deep past can be utilized as a political resource to legitimize social hierarchy, McGilvray nevertheless advocates that some baseline historical inferences can be made from available sources. To him, this is particularly important when studying eastern Sri Lanka because there is a “scholarly vacuum” (p. 56). In Crucible of Conflict, he endeavors to expand the body of research and develop a reliable historiographic foundation while also stimulating further research and debate. McGilvray weaves together old colonial records, diaries, Tamil texts, legends, and myth to advance his thesis regarding the social structures that permeate the matrilineal belt of eastern Sri Lanka. He asserts that the Mukkuvars, a maritime Hindu caste tracing its origins to the matrilineal Malabar Coast of Kerala, India, became politically and economically dominant in the eastern Batticaloa region in the wake of the thirteenth-century invasion of Sri Lanka by Kalinga Magha and in turn molded the social structures of the other Tamil castes to conform to their model of matrilineal descent and political office. From 1969 on, McGilvray has situated himself in Akkaraipattu, a multiethnic agricultural settlement in the Batticaloa region and an ideal setting in which to study village-level
The orientation of substrate and reaction intermediates in the active site of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase.

There are four possible orientations of the substrate ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate in the active site of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase. Distinction between these four possible orientations has been made on the basis of 31P NMR and borohydride-trapping experiments. The orientation of the reaction-intermediate analog, 2'-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate with respect to the divalent metal ion was determined by 31P NMR studies of the quaternary complex, enzyme.CO2.Ni2+.2'-carboxyarabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate. Assignment of the phosphorus resonances of this complex was made by labeling the phosphoryl group at either C-1 or C-5 with 17O. The phosphorus atom closer to the paramagnetic metal ion, Ni2+, to which the broader of the phosphorus resonances is attributed, has been identified as that attached to C-1. When bound to the active site of carbaminated enzyme, D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate was reduced by sodium borohydride with absolute stereospecificity to D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate. The reduction of the enzyme-bound substrate thus occurred on the Si face of the C-2 carbonyl group. These two results together establish that ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate is oriented within the active site so that 1) the phosphoryl group at C-1 is closer to the divalent metal ion than that at C-5 and 2) the Si face of the carbonyl group points to the "outside world."
Abstract 3735: Monitoring the level of the universal nucleotide AMP in diverse enzymatic reactions using bioluminescent homogenous assay platform

Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA Adenine nucleotides are major determinants of the energy status of the cell and thus any modulation of their cellular concentration has significant consequences to cellular metabolism, cellular growth and cell death. Many biochemical reactions that generate AMP as a reaction product are pivotal players in a variety of signaling pathways and thus are considered validated drug targets. These include enzymes involved in protein ubiquitination (Ubiquitin ligases), protein synthesis (aminoacyl tRNA synthetases), second messenger signaling (cAMP-phosphodiesterases), and DNA synthesis and repair (prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA ligases). Therefore, an assay that monitors the activity of these enzymes is desirable in the search for selective modulators and the development of novel therapeutics. As AMP is a common product of these enzymatic reactions, the development of an assay that monitors AMP in a homogenous and sensitive fashion will have significant impact in these diverse areas of research. In addition, enzyme reactions that generate products which can be converted to AMP can be also monitored using this assay. We demonstrate the utility of this assay platform in monitoring the activity of cAMP-PDE, aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, ubiquitin ligases, DNA ligases. Furthermore, enzyme reactions such as methyltransferases that produce product (SAH) which can be converted to AMP can be monitored using this assay platform Citation Format: Said A. Goueli, Kevin Hsiao, Hicham Zegzouti, Subhanjan Mondal. Monitoring the level of the universal nucleotide AMP in diverse enzymatic reactions using bioluminescent homogenous assay platform. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3735. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3735
Biochemical Reactions as Computations

Two main mechanisms behind the functioning of biochemical reactions are facilitation and inhibition; these mechanisms are also central for the interaction between biochemical reactions. This observation underlies the theory of reaction systems which is a formal framework for the investigation of biochemical reactions, and especially interactions between them.
The Pulse of Distant Stars

Space-based observations can now be used to "see" the pulsations and surface granulations of distant stars similar to those of the Sun.
On stochastic stabilization

In some settings the deliberate introduction of noise can have a beneficial effect on the rate of convergence of numerical algorithms for finding the minima of functions. This is an important aspect of simulated annealing. However, there are situations which, in contrast to simulated annealing, do not involve reducing the noise level with time and which are also of interest in a computational and control context. Problems of this type are considered. The effect of the addition of a noise term to the solution of a differential equation is investigated via properties of the associated Fokker-Plank operator. >
Robust, efficient, and accurate contact algorithms

Robust, efficient, and accurate contact response remains a challenging problem in the simulation of deformable materials. Contact models should robustly handle contact between geometry by preventing interpenetrations. This should be accomplished while respecting natural laws in order to maintain physical correctness. We simultaneously desire to achieve these criteria as efficiently as possible to minimize simulation runtimes. Many methods exist that partially achieve these properties, but none yet fully attain all three. This thesis investigates existing methodologies with respect to these attributes, and proposes a novel algorithm for the simulation of deformable materials that demonstrate them all. This new method is analyzed and optimized, paving the way for future work in this simplified but powerful manner of simulation.