cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of N-terminal Autoinhibition in theArabidopsis Ca2+/H+ Antiporter CAX1

Next Section Abstract Regulation of Ca2+/H+ antiporters may be an important function in determining the duration and amplitude of cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations. Previously theArabidopsis Ca2+/H+ transporter, CAX1 (cation exchanger 1), was identified by its ability to suppress yeast mutants defective in vacuolar Ca2+ transport. Recently, a 36-amino acid N-terminal regulatory region on CAX1 has been identified that inhibits CAX1-mediated Ca2+/H+antiport. Here we show that a synthetic peptide designed against the CAX1 36 amino acids inhibited Ca2+/H+ transport mediated by an N-terminal-truncated CAX1 but did not inhibit Ca2+ transport by other Ca2+/H+antiporters. Ca2+/H+ antiport activity measured from vacuolar-enriched membranes of Arabidopsis root was also inhibited by the CAX1 peptide. Through analyzing CAX chimeric constructs the region of interaction of the N-terminal regulatory region was mapped to include 7 amino acids (residues 56–62) within CAX1. The CAX1 N-terminal regulatory region was shown to physically interact with this 7-amino acid region by yeast two-hybrid analysis. Mutagenesis of amino acids within the N-terminal regulatory region implicated several residues as being essential for regulation. These findings describe a unique mode of antiporter autoinhibition and demonstrate the first detailed mechanisms for the regulation of a Ca2+/H+ antiporter from any organism.
Climate stabilization wedges in action: a systems approach to energy sustainability for Hawaii Island.

Pacala and Socolow developed a framework to stabilize global greenhouse gas levels for the next fifty years using wedges of constant size representing an increasing use of existing technologies and...
Interactions between tetrahydrofolate and palladium(II) complexes.

Abstract Interactions between folate derivatives and palladium(II) complexes are monitored in 1 : 1 molar ratio mixtures by circular dichroic spectra. The results are consistent with the following conclusions, i.e., tetrahydrofolate forms a chelate complex with palladium(II) through nitrogens 5 and 10 which is characterized by a unique circular dichroic spectrum. Mixtures of palladium(II) complexes and dihydrofolate or methylenetetrahydrofolate could not be expected to, nor do they, give rise to similar circular dichroic spectra for the following reasons: (1) The N5, N10 chelation site of tetrahydrofolate is blocked in methylenetetrahydrofolate, so coordination of a palladium(II) species must occur at some secondary site. (2) The N5, N10 chelation site is available but carbon six of the pteridine ring system is no longer asymmetric in dihydrofolate. Mixtures of dihydrofolate and palladium(II) complexes have no measurable circular dichroic spectra under the experimental conditions used.
Introduction to the FASTBUS standard data bus

Abstract The FASTBUS standard data bus is a development of the U.S. NIM Committee, National Bureau of Standards, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, DC (Chairman, L. Costrell). Although originally conceived to provide an upgraded framework for the high data rate experimental apparatus of nuclear particle physics, the system is designed with sufficient generality to support a broad range of data acquisition as well as control applications. FASTBUS is based on an emitter-coupled logic interface technology and a generalized multiprocessor system architecture. The background and status of the development project are described.
Reactive nitrogen in Mexico City and its relation to ozone-precursor sensitivity: results from photochemical models

Abstract. We use results of a 3-D photochemistry/transport model for ozone formation in Mexico City during events in 1997 to investigate ambient concentrations of reactive nitrogen in relation to ozone-precursor sensitivity. Previous results from other locations suggest that ratios such as O3/NOy and H2O2/HNO3 might provide measurement-based indicators for NOx-sensitive or VOC-sensitive conditions. Mexico City presents a different environment due to its high concentrations of VOC and high level of pollutants in general. The model predicts a correlation between PAN and O3 with relatively high PAN/O3 (0.07), which is still lower than measured values. The model PAN is comparable with results from a model for Paris but much higher than were found in Nashville in both models and measurements. The difference is due in part to the lower temperature in Mexico City relative to Nashville. Model HNO3 in Mexico City is unusually low for an urban area and PAN/HNO3 is very high, probably due to the high ratio of reactivity-weighted VOC to NOx. The model predicts that VOC-sensitive chemistry in Mexico is associated with high NOx, NOy and NOx/NOy and with low O3/NOy and H2O2/HNO3, suggesting that these indicators work well for Mexico City. The relation between ozone-precursor sensitivity and either O3/NOz or O3/HNO3 is more ambiguous. VOC-sensitive conditions are associated with higher O3/HNO3 than would be found in NOx-sensitive conditions, but model O3/HNO3 associated with both NOx-sensitive and VOC-sensitive chemistry is higher in Mexico than in other cities. The model predicts a mixed pattern of ozone-precursor sensitivity in Mexico City, with VOC-sensitive conditions in the morning and NOx-sensitive in the afternoon, in contrast to results from other models for more recent events that predicted strongly VOC- sensitive conditions throughout the day. The difference in predicted ozone-precursor sensitivity is most likely due to different emission rates and to changes in emissions over time. The model with mixed sensitivity predicts much lower ambient NOx and NOx/NOy than the strongly VOC-sensitive model.
Treatment of malignant nondysgerminomatous germ cell tumors of the ovary with vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide.

Eighty patients with malignant nondysgerminomatous germ cell tumors of the ovary were treated with the combination of vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute. All patients underwent initial surgery: biopsy alone in 3 patients, unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in 48 patients, and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without hysterectomy in 29 patients. Sixty-six patients received VAC as primary postoperative therapy; 46 patients (70%) achieved a sustained remission. VAC produced sustained remission in 86% of patients with Stage I, 57% of patients with Stage II, 50% of patients with Stage III, and no patients with Stage IV disease. For patients with Stage I disease, survival rates did not differ among histologic groups, but in advanced disease, patients with immature teratoma did significantly better than the others. Four of the 20 patients who failed primary VAC therapy were salvaged with other therapies, and 8 of 14 treated with VAC after relapse or failure of other treatments were salvaged. Although VAC produces excellent results with very acceptable toxicity in patients with Stage I disease and advanced immature teratoma, survival of patients with other advanced histologic types has been disappointing. The authors are therefore treating this latter group with alternative therapy such as vinblastine, bleomycin, and cisplatin with the goal of achieving improved efficacy.
Income does not affect response to contingency management treatments among community substance abuse treatment-seekers

The present study examined a commonly held belief that contingency management (CM) may be less effective for substance abusers with relatively more economic resources compared to those with relatively few resources. Using a combined sample of 393 treatment-seeking cocaine abusers from three clinical trials involving randomization to standard care or standard care plus CM conditions, we assessed the impact of past year income, alone and in combination with treatment condition, as well as income type (i.e., earned, illegal, unstable) on the longest duration of continuous verified abstinence (LDA) achieved during treatment. Results suggested that income had no effect on LDA in either condition, and that CM's effectiveness did not deteriorate among those with better economic resources in the present sample. This finding may be of value to clinicians and administrators who are considering the addition of CM to standard care treatments in community outpatient substance abuse clinics and have concerns about the generalizability of CM across clients with various economic resources.
Cbl-mediated Negative Regulation of the Syk Tyrosine Kinase A CRITICAL ROLE FOR Cbl PHOSPHOTYROSINE-BINDING DOMAIN BINDING TO Syk PHOSPHOTYROSINE 323

The proto-oncogene product Cbl has emerged as a potential negative regulator of the Syk tyrosine kinase; however, the nature of physical interactions between Cbl and Syk that are critical for this negative regulation remains unclear. Here we show that the phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain within the N-terminal transforming region of Cbl (Cbl-N) binds to phosphorylated Tyr323in the linker region between the Src homology 2 and kinase domains of Syk, confirming recent results by another laboratory using the yeast two-hybrid approach (Deckert, M., Elly, C., Altman, A., and Liu, Y. C. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 8867–8874). A PTB domain-inactivating point mutation (G306E), corresponding to a loss-of-function mutation in the Caenorhabditis elegans Cbl homologue SLI-1, severely compromised Cbl-N/Syk binding in vitro and Cbl/Syk association in transfected COS-7 cells. Using heterologous expression in COS-7 cells, we investigated the role of Cbl PTB domain binding to Syk Tyr323 in the negative regulation of Syk. Co-expression of Cbl with Syk in COS-7 cells led to a dose-dependent decrease in the autophosphorylated pool of Syk and in phosphorylation of an in vivo substrate, CD8-ζ. Unexpectedly, these effects were largely due to the loss of Syk protein. Both the decrease in Syk and CD8-ζ phosphorylation and reduction in Syk protein levels were blocked by either G306E mutation in Cbl or by Y323F mutation in Syk. These results demonstrate a critical role for the Cbl PTB domain in the recruitment of Cbl to Syk and in Cbl-mediated negative regulation of Syk.
Novel techniques for in-line acquisition of microstructure profiles

The ability to measure profiles of high-aspect structures is important for the development of new integrated circuit fabrication processes. Delays in the development learning cycle frequently occur due to turn-around time associated with the logistics of off-line laboratory sectioning and analysis. Sample preparation techniques associated with existing cross-sectional imaging methodologies also necessitate destruction of the whole sample. Focused ion beam (FIB) sectioning has recently been used in conjunction with SEM imaging for profile acquisition inside the fabrication facility. However, full acceptance of FIB inside the cleanroom processing area has been slowed by concerns over the threat of Gallium contamination arising from the ion beam. There also exists uncertainty in the fidelity of FIB-based profile acquisition, due to the various artifacts associated with the ion beam mill sectioning process. In this article, the application of and difficulties associated with electron beam induced processing (etch and deposition) for obtaining feature profile shape information on masks and wafers will be described. Purely chemical reactions with much higher material selectivity and less damage have been employed to obtain microstructure profile information using various scanned electron beam tools. The superiority of electron beam induced deposition (compared to FIB) for passivation and replication of the surface topography prior to etching has also been demonstrated. In addition to electron and ion beam based sectioning, a novel atomic force microscope based nano-machining process has been developed for three-dimensional tomographic imaging of high-aspect features on masks and wafers. Images and profiles of feature regions not accessible with FIB/SEM or CDAFM methodologies will be presented. The challenges encountered for practical implementation of this new, non-beam-based, approach to sectioning will also be discussed. Advantages of this approach are: immunity to maximum aspect ratio limitations, superior lateral spatial sampling in X and Y, and no reliance on high-aspect probes for imaging. Therefore, tip-shape issues associated with currently incumbent CDAFM methodologies can be avoided altogether.
Fictions of Identity in Medieval France

Acknowledgements List of abbreviations Introduction: identity and encounter in medieval literature 1. The specular encounter in fictions of reciprocity: the Lais of Marie de France 2. The specular encounter in Arthurian Romance 3. From encounter to specular encounter in fictions of the courtly tryst 4. The specular encounter in fictions of lineage 5. Afterword: the specular encounter in perspective Appendix Notes Select bibliography Index.
Rotational laxity and stiffness of the radiocarpal joint.

Objective. To investigate the constraint and potential mechanism of torque transmission across the wrist joint. Design. In vitro experiment using human cadaveric specimens. Background. Transmission of torque from the forearm to the hand requires rotational stability at the wrist. Better appreciation of the constraints would have applicability to several clinical problems where the stability is compromised. Methods. Thirteen fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens were used in this experiment to investigate the rotational laxity and stiffness of the radiocarpal joint in unloaded and axially loaded (100 N) conditions, and three forearm orientations in a neutral, pronation (60 °), or supination (60 °) position. Results. In pronation or supination, there was no difference between loaded and unloaded conditions in primary or total laxity at a maximum torque of 2.3 Nm. Unloaded specimens showed a mean total rotational laxity of 42.1 °. Supination or pronation of the forearm caused a decrease in laxity with respect to neutral forearm rotation (35 ° and 41.6 ° versus 49.6 ° respectively). The primary rotational laxity accounted for half of the total laxity. With axial compression, total rotational laxity did not change, but primary laxity dropped to 50% of its unloaded value. The primary stiffness was very low — approximately 11% of the secondary stiffness. Conclusion. The ligamentous structures and the joint articulation restricted excessive axial rotation of the wrist. However, a laxity of approximately 20 ° was identified for normal wrists.
Sociological problems of high-energy physics

Large-scale collaborative projects between experimental high-energy physicists have produced sociological problems that will need thought to resolve.
The role of level of functioning in the modification of psychological deficit in schizophrenics

THE UTILITY of discriminating between levels of patient functioning in schizophrenic populations (e.g. chronic vs acute) has been demonstrated in a number of studies.le7 Such a discrimination is relevant to the whole problem of schizophrenia and it is particularly important in the investigation and modification of the “psychological deficit”8 that is characteristic of schizophrenia. Among the approaches used in the modification of schizophrenic psychological deficit, three have been found to be effective with the better functioning (acute) patients: payoff or reinforcement,g information or cues,” and training or repetitibn of tasks.” Those techniques incorporating payoff or reinforcement are based on learning theory,12 and operate specifically to modify the attention of the patient so that he responds to appropriate stimuli. Therefore, payoff is contingent upon a correct response which requires that the patient attend to associated stimuli. Conversely, payoff which is not contingent upon a correct response does not require the patient to attend. Consequently, this fails to lead to the improved performance which is observed with contingent reinforcement.‘3 The position that performance can be improved by providing information or cues about a task is based on information processing theory.14 This theory holds that schizophrenics display a psychological deficit on intellectual tasks because they are unable to process complex stimuli. Thus, by providing informational cues that aid in the organization and processing of input, the patient is able to handle the stimuli and solve the problem. The effectiveness of training or repetition as a technique for reducing the psychological deficit can be explained from either the learning or the information-processing views. With repeated exposure to a task, the patient responds more often to the appropriate stimuli and becomes more effective in his ability to process input.” Both learning and information-processing approaches have generated studies in which the psychological deficit of schizophrenics has been modified as seen via improved performance on some intellectual task. In particular, both free recall (i.e. recall in any order) and fixed recall (i.e. recall in a set order) tasks have been used by several researchers”’ 16-” to examine the ability of schizophrenics to process input. However, no study has examined both fixed and free recall tasks in groups of schizophrenics who are at differing levels of functioning. The present study was designed to compare the effects of reinforcement, information and training on improved performance of schizophrenics at high, medium and low levels
Application of Genetic Programming in credit scoring

Derived characteristics are usually regarded as important index in credit scoring, however, only some derived characteristics in common sense can be obtained with analytical methods. In this paper, the selection of derived characteristics is considered as a combinatorial optimization problem of mathematical symbols and original characteristics. To solve the problem, a Genetic Programming algorithm is proposed, where the coding structure is in a tree form and the objective is expressed by Information Value (IV). A procedure of human-computer interactions are designed to choose the derived characteristics with practical significance from the better results obtained by the Genetic Programming algorithm. Furthermore, an improved model is proposed based on linear discriminate analysis, where derived characteristics are included The simulation experiments show that the results is satisfactory, the proposed models are of competitive discrimination.
Effect of Cations on the Elution of Pectic Polysaccharides from Anion-Exchange Resins

Abstract Conditions for quantitatively eluting six plant pectic polysaccharides from diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) columns were established. Cations, surprisingly, greatly affected the elution of pectic polysaccharides from these anion-exchange columns. Quantitative elution of apple pectic acid was achieved when columns of DEAE-Sephadex A-25 and DEAE-Trisacryl Plus-M were developed with 0.5 M NH 4 Cl, 0.5 M LiCl, or 0.5 M CsCl in buffer. In contrast, up to 1 M NaCl and KCI in buffer only eluted 6.3 to 54% of the apple pectic acid from the two types of columns. In each ease the retained apple pectic acid was eluted basically quantitatively by 0.5 M NH 4 Cl in buffer. The elution of a pectic polysaccharide fraction from Apium graveolens (celery), commercial citrus polygalacturonic acid, and two polysaccharides isolated from purified cell walls of Lemna minor (duckweed) from columns of DEAE-Trisacryl was incomplete when the columns were developed with 0.5 M NaCl or 0.5 M KCI in buffer, ranging from 0 to 89%; however, again, the retained portion of each sample was eluted quantitatively or almost so from the columns with 0.5 M NH 4 Cl in buffer. One pectic polysaccharide, commercial citrus pectin, was eluted equally well and almost quantitatively by 0.5 M NaCl, KCI, and NH 4 Cl in buffer. When a pectic polysaccharide fraction from purified cell walls of L. minor was applied to a preparative column of DEAE-Trisacryl Plus-M, 99% of the sample was eluted by a gradient of 0 to 0.5 M NH 4 Cl in buffer. In a basically identical experiment, only 55% of the sample was eluted with a gradient of 0 to 0.5 M NaCl in buffer. The discovery that NH 1+ 4 ion in the eluent brings about the essentially quantitative elution of pectic polysaccharides from anion-exchange resins solves the long-standing problem of incomplete recovery of pectic polysaccharides from DEAE-columns. Li 1+ and Cs 1+ ions are similar to NH 1+ 4 ion in elution effectiveness.
Shot and Counter-shot: Presence, Obscurity, and the Breakdown of Discourse in Godard’s Notre Musique

" Notre Musique includes a lengthy sequence that involves a presentation by Godard on the relationship between text and image. The occasion of the lecture is a conference in Sarajevo titled European Literary Encounters, an annual event first organized in 2000. Godard gave his lecture in 2002 and the long middle-section of the film offers a "lightly fictionalized restaging" of his address and of other encounters surrounding the conference. The narrative setting of the majority of this film, then, is a space of discourse (a conference and a lecture), but I suggest that the film is conceptually sited more generally and abstractly in the "space" or “frame” of discourse itself. Because it ponders various parameters—spatial, historical, conceptual—that allow or disallow discursive connection, I regard Notre Musique as an extended meditation on the possibilities for and barriers to discourse. By siting the film in Sarajevo, Godard is clearly highlighting a frame for this meditation—a frame that includes a history of violence and reconciliation. The conference is decidedly international and takes place in a city with a rich cosmopolitan and multi-ethnic history, even as it bears the scars of violence and ethnic division. Sarajevo, moreover, is a city with a complex relationship to the state—having been a nucleus to various formations of state and empire in the last century. In its history and in the present, Sarajevo is a site of discourse and discord; of the union and clash of influences (be they religious, political, or ethnic). Hence, Sarajevo’s relevance to the film is not merely one of documentary fidelity (because it was the host city for the conference). It is a perfect site for Godard to pursue a line of reflection on discourse and its breakdown in the frame of changing formations of power. Sarjevo as a site also calls attention to how the parties or constituencies for discourse remain in states of flux—either through processes of self-definition from within or misrecognition (or nonrecognition) from without..."
Vectorially oriented purple membrane: characterization by photocurrent measurement and polarized-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Abstract Vectorially oriented membrane films containing bacteriorhodopsin (BR) on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) conductive glass (achieved by the electrophoretic sedimentation method), and randomly oriented films on ITO glass or CaF2 plate (achieved by natural drying) have been characterized by using polarized Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and laser-induced photocurrent measurements. Vectorially oriented and randomly oriented membranes gave a similar average α-helical orientation of ∼30° with respect to normal membranes, as obtained from polarized FTIR spectra. Under pulsed laser excitation, two oppositely oriented BR films, with membrane surface either extracellular (EC) side or cytoplasmic (CP) side facing ITO (ITO/EC-CP vs. ITO/CP-EC), gave a photocurrent component pair, B1/B2, in a similar amplitude but with opposite polarity, whereas randomly oriented film simply shows very small B1/B2 signals. Thus, photocurrent measurement seems to be an effective and reliable way for the recognition of BR membrane orientation.
Alkali metal cation complexation by 1,3-alternate, mono-ionisable calix[4]arene-benzocrown-6 compounds

Alkali metal cation extraction behaviour for two series of 1,3-alternate, mono-ionisable calix[4]arene-benzocrown-6 compounds is examined. In Series 1, the proton-ionisable group (PIG) is a substituent on the benzo group of the polyether ring that directs it away from the crown ether cavity. In Series 2, the PIG is attached to one para position in the calixarene framework, thereby positioning it over the crown ether ring. Competitive solvent extraction of alkali metal cations from aqueous solutions into chloroform shows high Cs+ efficiency and selectivity. Single-species extraction pH profiles of Cs+ for Series 1 and 2 ligands with the same PIG are very similar. Thus, association of Cs+ with the calixcrown ring is more important than the position of the PIG relative to the crown ether cavity. Solid-state structures of two unionised ligands from Series 2 are presented. Also described is a crystal containing two different ionised ligand–Cs+ complexes.
A Preliminary Validation of Strategies that Support the Transition from School to Adult Life

The purpose of this study was to extend the empirical literature by identifying and socially validating strategies that support the transition from school to adult life. A three-step process was conducted: (a) reviewing 113 empirical articles that addressed secondary transition, (b) developing a candidate list of all support strategies that were empirically supported in the literature, and (c) conducting a national survey of 54 researchers who had published studies in the area of secondary transition (response rate = 92%) to establish the social validity of the proposed list of support strategies. Results of the survey corroborated multiple strategies that support students in the transition to adult life (e.g., family and peer support, student choice and preference, student self-determination). Findings are compared to those derived from the literature review and implications for research and practice are discussed.
Java for real-time

Java is a new programming language publicly released by Sun Microsystems in May of 1995 with hopes of revolutionizing the software industry. The popular press has responded with numerous articles touting the language's benefits. Since many of the applications which Java is intended to serve have real-time characteristics, we have recently undertaken to develop a set of standard extensions to provide Java programmers with the ability to describe the real-time requirements of their Java applications. This brief report summarizes the issues that have influenced the design of Real-Time Java and provides an overview of its current embodiment.
Selection Rule for Σ + ↔ Σ − Transitions in Electron-Molecule Collisions

The differential cross section for the electron-impact excitation of the $b^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}_{g}^{+}$ state from the ground state of ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ is found to decrease rapidly as the scattering angle approaches zero. This behavior is the diatomic-molecule analog of "parity-unfavored" transitions in electron-atom scattering. A group-theoretic argument is given which explains the observations and provides a selection rule for ${\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ transitions in diatomic molecules.
Socioeconomic Value of the Trout Fishery in Lake Taneycomo, Missouri

Abstract Lake Taneycomo, a 700-hectare hydroelectric impoundment in southwestern Missouri, supports an excellent put-grow-and-take fishery for rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri. When the fishery became threatened by releases of deoxygenated water from an upstream reservoir, it became important to determine its value. We used three methods for estimating the value of the fishery: Replacement cost of fish; travel cost; and income multiplier. Information for the latter two methods was based on 500 angler interviews. Replacement cost of the rainbow trout would be $0.5 million. The travel-cost method provided an estimate of $2.9 million for the value of the fishery to anglers (consumers' surplus). The income-multiplier method provided an estimate of $9.9 million for the net economic benefit to the local economy, or about 7% of all economic activity in the area. The benefit: Cost ratio of the rainbow trout stocking program at Lake Taneycomo was 22:1 for the local economy.
Intraosseous sebaceous adenocarcinoma of the maxilla

Primary intraosseous salivary malignancies are rare. The adenoid cystic adenocarcinoma, adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified, acinic cell adenocarcinoma and the epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma have all been reported within the jaws. The mucoepidermoid carcinoma is by far the most common tumor in this setting accounting for 2%-4% of all mucoepidermoid carcinomas. An intraosseous sebaceous adenocarcinoma has never been reported. We document a case of sebaceous adenocarcinoma of the maxilla in a 56-year-old woman who presented with a painful swelling of the right face. CT scans showed an expansile, osteolytic tumor of the right maxilla. An exploratory biopsy revealed the tumor to be expanding and eroding the cortical plates including the floor of the sinus. The histopathology was consistent with a sebaceous adenocarcinoma. The sebocytes expressed EMA and CD15. The basaloid cells were CD15 negative. The tumor was treated with a wide local resection. Post-surgical healing was uneventful and patient is being monitored regularly for recurrences. Prognosis of any tumor originating intraosseously is worse than its soft tissue counterpart. Extraocular sebaceous adenocarcinomas are low grade malignancies which can recur locally. As this is the first report of an intraosseous/central sebaceous adenocarcinoma, prognostication could be inaccurate and therefore long-term follow-up is highly recommended.
Rediscovering professional development: realizing your staff's unique potential

On tight budgets, many university information technology (IT) departments must find creative ways to develop employees with minimal financial and time investments. Depending on the individual's learning preferences and goals, development opportunities present themselves in the most unexpected places. Through creative means, many options for development are waiting to be discovered.This paper explores "common" classroom opportunities, online options, webcasts, user-groups, self-paced certification materials and the value of getting-to-know your local training vendors. I will present other unorthodox training opportunities such as teaching in a university setting to develop skills and knowledge gained only from delivering the mission of higher education.
Larval Pacific Herring ( Clupea pallasi ) Survival in Suspended Sediment

Pacific herring early life stages provide good model systems for studying effects of suspended sediments on estuarine organisms. To investigate effects on the herring larval stage, we used environmentally relevant particle concentrations for San Francisco Bay (200–400 mg/L of particles <50 μm in size) and exposure times of 16 h in a novel two-pump sediment suspension mesocosm. There were no mortalities during the 16-h suspended sediment incubation. Following sediment exposure, larvae were cultured in sediment-free water for up to 10 days during which survival and condition were measured. None were affected by previous sediment treatment. Four criteria for larval condition included growth, heart rate, prey capture, and critical swimming velocity. These results provide a framework for implementing regulatory decisions on anthropogenic activities such as dredging.
Quantum error correction during 50 gates

Fault-tolerant protocol assumes the application of error correction after every quantum gate. However, correcting errors is costly in terms of time and number of qubits. Here we demonstrate that quantum error correction (QEC) can be applied significantly less often with only a minimal loss of fidelity. This is done by simulating the implementation of 50 encoded, single-qubit, quantum gates within the [[7,1,3]] QEC code in a noisy, nonequiprobable Pauli error environment with QEC being applied at different intervals. We find that applying QEC after every gate is rarely optimal and even applying QEC only once after all 50 gates sacrifices only a slight amount of fidelity with the benefit of 50-fold saving of resources. In addition, we find that in cases where bit-flip errors are dominant, it is best not to apply QEC at all.
Low-power 3-bit piezoelectric MEMS analog to digital converter

This paper reports on a novel MEMS analog to digital converter (ADC) designed within a low-power, piezoelectric MEMS based digital logic process. The 3-bit ADC achieves full operation without the use of additional solid-state circuitry, allowing it to operate with minimal, 3.83 pW, static power dissipation. In addition, two piezoelectric property exploiting operational modes are presented. These increase the total effective number of bits and the system range without increasing the device area.
Duplication of 7p: Further delineation of the phenotype and restriction of the critical region to the distal part of the short arm

We report on a patient with duplication of 7p15{r_arrow}pter and review of the literature. Patients with partial duplication of the distal 7p, including only the distal segment 7p15{r_arrow}pter, have a syndrome comparable to that of patients with a larger or complete duplication of 7p. This suggests that the critical region for the dup(7p) phenotype is restricted to 7p15{r_arrow}pter. The complete clinical phenotype of dup (7)(p15{r_arrow}pter) includes mental retardation, skull anomalies, large anterior fontanel, cardiovascular defects, joint dislocation and contraction, and gastrointestinal and genital defects. Recognition of the clinical spectrum in patients with a smaller duplication 7p, and the assignment of this critical region, should prove valuable for accurate counseling, prediction of outcome, and further gene mapping. 33 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.
A comparison of the urinary metabolites of L-histidine-C14 in schizophrenic and normal subjects.

Analysis of the urinary metabolites of uniformly radioactive L-histidine was done on a group of adult male schizophrenics and a group of normal males. Uniformly radioactive L-histidine-C14 was administered orally to twelve schizophrenics and eleven normal control subjects, and radioactive urinary metabolites were separated by ion-exchange chromatography and measured by isotope dilution techniques. No significant difference was found between the normal and schizophrenic groups in the fraction of radioactivity excreted, the amount of Cl4 lost after concentration of the urine, the urinary hydantoin propionic acid-F, histidine-C14, and l-methylhistidine-C14 or the combined value for the free and conjugated imidazoleacetic acid-C14. No evidence was found for the presence of any qualitatively different radioactive metabolites in the schizophrenic groups, nor did any subject in either group lack any of the known major histidine products. Acknowledgement The authors are grateful to Dr. M. KIES and Dr. S. KETY for their helpful criticism throughout the course of this study. We are further indebted to Dr. S. GREENHOUSE for assistance in the statistical analysis of the data.
Current Concepts in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Ankle

Osteochondral lesions of the ankle are a more common source of ankle pain than previously recognized. Although the exact pathophysiology of the condition has not been clearly established, it is likely that a variety of etiological factors play a role, with trauma, typically from ankle sprains, being the most common. Technological advancements in ankle arthroscopy and radiologic imaging, most importantly magnetic resonance imaging, have improved diagnostic capabilities for detecting osteochondral lesions of the ankle. Moreover, these technologies have allowed for the development of more sophisticated classification systems that may, in due course, direct specific future treatment strategies. Nonoperative treatment yields best results when employed in select pediatric and adolescent patients with osteochondritis dissecans. However, operative treatment, which is dependent on the size and site of the lesion, as well as the presence or absence of cartilage damage, is frequently warranted in both children and adults with osteochondral lesions. Arthroscopic microdrilling, micropicking, and open procedures, such as osteochondral autograft transfer system and matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation, are frequently employed. The purpose of this article is to review the history, etiology, and classification systems for osteochondral lesions of the ankle, as well as to describe current approaches to diagnosis and management.
Raman scattering and photoluminescence studies of two-dimensional electron systems in Ge/GaAs heterostructures

Abstract Resonant Raman scattering experiments on n-Ge/n-GaAs (100) heterostructures reveal transitions involving quasi-two-dimensional electron states in Ge-accumulation layers. The experiments were performed in the range of the E1-gap of Ge. The electronic scattering transforms into E1-luminescence as the laser energy is tuned above the resonance. Spectra obtained at higher excitation energies show luminescence bands associated with the E1 and E1 + Δ1-gap of Ge. The latter results are compared with recent data for bulk heavily-doped Ge.
Congenital synmastia with concurrent fibroadenomas in a pediatric patient

Congenital synmastia, or absence of the intermammary sulcus, is a rare breast anomaly in the pediatric population. While acquired synmastia after breast augmentation is a well-documented entity, congenital synmastia is a rare condition with only four previous cases reported in the surgical literature. We describe the first patient with concurrent presentation of congenital synmastia and multiple fibroadenomas. A combined technique was used to both address the patient's breast lesions and correct the defect.
A measure of semantic complexity among predications.

A scale for assessing the complexity or density of utterances was developed using 10 categories ofsemantic relations (e.g., temporal ordering, causality). The categories are inferable from the particular “meanings” of the words (e.g., connectives, particular tense variations) used in an utterance. The scale was applied to three samples of subjects to assess its interjudge reliability and to compare the utterances of fourth-, sixth-, and eighth-grade children from middle- and working-class neighborhoods. It was also used to compare the complexity of utterances for different types of visual stimuli (used to elicit language samples). Interjudge reliabilities were more than acceptable for each of the samples, and significant differences in semantic density were found across grade, between children from working-class and middle-class neighborhoods, and for the stimuli used to elicit the utterances. When two of the three types of eliciting visual stimuli were equated for content and exposure conditions, the differences in verbal density between eliciting conditions were not replicated. The usefulness of the scale for assessing utterance density and by implication, comprehension difficulty of utterances and of texts, is discussed.
A general lower bound on the number of examples needed for learning

Abstract We prove a lower bound of Ω ((1/ɛ)ln(1/δ)+VCdim( C )/ɛ) on the number of random examples required for distribution-free learning of a concept class C , where VCdim( C ) is the Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension and ɛ and δ are the accuracy and confidence parameters. This improves the previous best lower bound of Ω ((1/ɛ)ln(1/δ)+VCdim( C )) and comes close to the known general upper bound of O ((1/ɛ)ln(1/δ)+(VCdim( C )/ɛ)ln(1/ɛ)) for consistent algorithms. We show that for many interesting concept classes, including k CNF and k DNF, our bound is actually tight to within a constant factor.
On Genetic Programming of Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems for Intelligent Control

ABSTRACTFuzzy logic and evolutionary computation have proven to be convenient tools for handling real-world uncertainty and designing control systems, respectively. An approach is presented that combines attributes of these paradigms for the purpose of developing intelligent control systems. The potential of the genetic programming paradigm (GP) for learning rules for use in fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) is evaluated by focussing on the problem of discovering a controller for mobile robot path tracking. Performance results of incomplete rule-bases compare favorably to those of a complete FLC designed by the usual trial-and-error approach. A constrained syntactic representation supported by structure-preserving genetic operators is also introduced.
Synthesis and characterization of isotopically‐labelled cysteine‐ and glutathione conjugates of methylisocyanate

Four isotopically labelled analogs of S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)glutathione (SMG), the glutathione conjugate of methylisocyanate, and three isotopically-labelled derivatives of S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)cysteine (SMC), the corresponding cysteine adduct, have been prepared by reaction of glutathione and cysteine, respectively, with [1-13C]-, [3-13C]-, [3-14C]- or [3,3,3-2H3]methylisocyanate. The latter species, which served as key intermediates in the syntheses, were obtained either by reaction of [1-13C]acetylchloride with sodium azide (to give [1-13C]methylisocyanate), or by reaction of silver cyanate with iodomethane labelled with 13C, 14C or deuterium (to give the methyl-substituted compounds). Condensation of labelled methylisocyanate with glutathione or cysteine proceeded smoothly and in high yield in aqueous acetonitrile solution, and afforded the target conjugates in high isotopic purity. The structures of the products were confirmed by fast atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry (FAB/MS/MS) and by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy.
Off-chip electrode insulator based dielectrophoresis

We present the first reported off-chip electrode, insulator-based dielectrophoresis microchip (ODEP). In contrast to previous off-chip DEP efforts, the DEP forces are enhanced by the insulating structures within the channel, enabling higher sensitivity and throughput as well as low frequency operation. The device was tested by selectively concentrating Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella typhimurium, two known waterborne pathogens, from water samples at flow rates as high as 1200 μl/hr. In order to demonstrate the ability to selectively concentrate bacteria, separation of bacteria and polystyrene beads was performed.
I see you there!: developing identity-preserving embodied interaction for museum exhibits

Museums are increasingly embracing technologies that provide highly-individualized and highly-interactive experiences to visitors. With embodied interaction experiences, increased localization accuracy supports greater nuance in interaction design, but there is usually a tradeoff between fast, accurate tracking and the ability to preserve the identity of users. Customization of experience relies on the ability to detect the identity of visitors, however. We present a method that combines fine-grained indoor tracking with robust preservation of the unique identities of multiple users. Our model merges input from an RFID reader with input from a commercial camera-based tracking system. We developed a probabilistic Bayesian model to infer at run-time the correct identification of the subjects in the camera's field of view. This method, tested in a lab and at a local museum, requires minimal modification to the exhibition space, while addressing several identity-preservation problems for which many indoor tracking systems do not have robust solutions.
An electron microscopic study of the castration changes in the rat prostate.

REDUCTION of prostatic mass and of the size of the individual epithelial cells of the gland are known to follow castration. With the advent of techniques for thin sectioning and of the increased resolution afforded by the electron microscope, it seemed profitable to study the cells of the prostate with particular respect to changes in the fine structure following various endocrinologic alterations. In this paper the fine structure of the prostate of the normal rat is defined as well as the changes that follow castration. No previous electron microscopic study of the prostate has been reported.
Survival with oral d-Sotalol in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction: Rationale, design, and methods (the SWORD trial)

Impaired left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with an increased risk of death. Despite recent advances in the management of these patients, sudden death accounts for up to 50% of this mortality, and effective treatment strategies have yet to be identified. Preliminary trials with amiodarone have offered promise that drugs that prolong action potential duration by blocking the potassium channel may be useful in reducing this mortality. The Survival With Oral d-Sotalol (SWORD) trial is a multicenter, multinational study which tests the hypothesis that the class III agent d-sotalol will reduce all-cause mortality in high-risk survivors of AMI. The trial will enroll 6,400 patients with left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction 42 days) AMI with overt heart failure (New York Heart Association class II or III). In approximately 500 centers throughout the world, men and women aged > or = 18 years will be enrolled and randomized to placebo or d-sotalol (200 mg/day). The minimal follow-up will be 18 months. The trial has a 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in all-cause mortality. The rationale, design, and trial methods are described.
The Chamberlin and Stackelberg Duopoly Relation

The paper investigates and identifies an important relationship between the Chamberlin and Stackelberg duopoly models. Under conditions of symmetry, linear demand and constant costs, the two iso-profit curves identifying the Stackelberg leadership points are shown to be tangent at the Chamberlin point. Under these conditions profit-maximising duopolists are indifferent to being Stackelberg output leaders and coalescing in an equal-shares-joint-monopoly solution. This result is shown to be sensitive to the constant cost and linear assumptions. Under increasing linear marginal costs, the joint monopoly solution is preferred by both sellers to a leader-follower solution.
Thin‐layer chromatography and mass spectrometry coupled using proximal probe thermal desorption with electrospray or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

An atmospheric pressure proximal probe thermal desorption sampling method coupled with secondary ionization by electrospray or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization was demonstrated for the mass spectrometric analysis of a diverse set of compounds (dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, explosives and pesticides) separated on various high-performance thin-layer chromatography plates. Line scans along or through development lanes on the plates were carried out by moving the plate relative to a stationary heated probe positioned close to or just touching the stationary phase surface. Vapors of the compounds thermally desorbed from the surface were drawn into the ionization region of a combined electrospray ionization/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source where they merged with reagent ions and/or charged droplets from a corona discharge or an electrospray emitter and were ionized. The ionized components were then drawn through the atmospheric pressure sampling orifice into the vacuum region of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and detected using full scan, single ion monitoring, or selected reaction monitoring mode. Studies of variable parameters and performance metrics including the proximal probe temperature, gas flow rate into the ionization region, surface scan speed, read-out resolution, detection limits, and surface type are discussed.