cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Annotating database schemas to help enterprise search

In large enterprises, data discovery is a common problem faced by users who need to find relevant information in relational databases. In this scenario, schema annotation is a useful tool to enrich a database schema with descriptive keywords. In this paper, we demonstrate Barcelos, a system that automatically annotates corporate databases. Unlike existing annotation approaches that use Web oriented knowledge bases, Barcelos mines enterprise spreadsheets to find candidate annotations. Our experimental evaluation shows that Barcelos produces high quality annotations; the top-5 have an average precision of 87%.
Ferrofluid-based optical fiber magnetic field sensor fabricated by femtosecond laser irradiation

Optofluid system has been more and more attractive in optical sensing applications such as chemical and biological analysis as it incorporates the unique features from both integrated optics and microfluidics. In recent years, various optofluid based structures have been investigated in/on an optical fiber platform which is referred to as “lab in/on a fiber”. Among those integrated structures, femto-second laser micromaching technique plays an important role due to its high precision fabrication, flexible design, 3D capability, and compatible with other methods. Here we present a ferrofluid based optical fiber magnetic field sensor fabricated by femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation .With the help of fs laser micromaching technique, a micro-reservoir made by capillary tube assembled in a single mode optical fiber could be fabricated. The micro-reservoir functions as a fiber inline Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity which is filled by ferrofluid liquid. The refractive index of the ferrofluid varies as the surrounding magnetic field strength changes, which can be optically probed by the FP interferometer. A fringe visibility of up to 30 dB can be achieved with a detection limit of around 0.4 Gausses. Due to the fabrication, micro-reservoirs can be assembled with optical fiber and distinguished through a microwave-photonic interrogation system. A quasi-distributed magnetic field sensing application has been demonstrated with a high spatial resolution of around 10 cm.
Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity after whole body irradiation.

SummaryNew Zealand strain rabbits were given varying dosages of total body x-irradiation. SGOT determinations were made at various intervals in the post-irradiation period up to 168 hours following irradiation. Initially the blood specimens were drawn by direct cardiac puncture and the results in these instances were too variable to be used for diagnostic or prognostic purposes. When the free bleeding technic was used for obtaining blood specimens, more consistent results were obtained. Average SGOT values for pre- and one hour post-irradiation were of the same order of magnitude. An increase in GOT activity was observed as early as 5 hours after total body irradiation and remained elevated for 25 hours. After 49 hours post-irradiation SGOT levels returned to normal. There was no correlation between SGOT activity and total irradiation or survival time of the animal.
Abstract 5413: Role of NANOG in modulating cancer cell metabolism.

Tumors and cancer cell lines are both heterogeneous populations and contain a sub-population of undifferentiated cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are able to renew, proliferate and differentiate into tumor cells. Recent studies have shown that transcription factors (TFs) that are implicated in the pluripotency maintenance of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are over-expressed in many tumors. Origin and progression of cancer is the result of a complex network of communication between tumor initiating cells also known as cancer stem cells (CSCs) and epithelial cells. Despite the knowledge about involvement of NANOG in modulation of cancer progression, oncogenic signaling, and tumorigenesis, it is not known about how NANOG regulates metabolic fluxes and alter cancer cell9s metabolism. Here, we show that NANOG can shift cancer cells metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, to meet cancer cell9s energy needs, redox balance, proliferation, and invasion. Our findings are based on the quantification of metabolites, related to glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the TCA and urea cycles, and amino acids and nucleotide metabolism, and comparison of these pathways fluxes under induced and uninduced NANOG expression. Our results demonstrate the metabolic targets of NANOG on cancer progression. These insights will present a unique opportunity for diagnosing and treating cancer through CSCs. Citation Format: Lifeng Yang, Hongyun Zhao, Juan C. Marini, Collene Jeter, Dean Tang, Deepak Nagrath. Role of NANOG in modulating cancer cell metabolism. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5413. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5413
Sympathy, Empathy, and the Plight of Animals on Factory Farms

Are sympathy and empathy important indicators as to who is likely to join the anti-factory farming movement? Are female animal rights activists more likely than male activists to be sympathetic or empathetic toward animals in factory farms or are both genders about the same? Do male activists sympathize or empathize with factory farm animals differently than female activists do? These are important questions for understanding involvement in animal rights groups. In order to answer these questions, a survey that dealt with attitudes toward factory farming was administered to animal rights activists that attended a 2008 animal rights convention in the Washington, DC , area. The results of this survey provided an opportunity to see if feminist theories of sympathy and empathy are useful in explaining gender differences.
Replacement of the Damaged or Neoplastic Ureter by Ileum

AbstractIleum was used as a ureteral replacement in 12 patients, 7 of whom had solitary kidneys. The conditions that necessitated an operation included renal pelvic and ureteral complications of calculi, a variety of traumatic ureteral injuries, retroperitoneal fibrosis and ureteral neoplasms. Renal function has been well preserved and electrolyte imbalance has been minimal.
In vitro studies on an hcg responsive, testosterone secreting adrenal cortical adenomal

Abstract Clinical and biochemical investigation of a virilized woman has shown an adrenal cortical adenoma to be the source of elevated plasma testosterone levels and to be responsive to gonadotropin administration in vivo (Givens et al.) (2). In the present study, the gonadotropin responsiveness and biosynthetic potential of the adenoma were evaluated in vitro . Incubation of minced adrenal tumor with hCG resulted in increased 14C-acetate incorporation into pregnenolone, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), androstenedione, and testosterone. Androstenedione and testosterone were the major products, accounting for 27% and 20% respectively of the total radio-activity added, when 3H-pregnenolone was incubated with homogenized tissue. Estrogen synthesis was not observed in the tumor. The adenoma contained 9.0 μg/g testosterone and 1.9 μg/g androstenedione as determined by radio immunoassay. 17β-hydroxysteroid oxido-reductase was active in the adenoma. Androstenedione was reduced to testosterone at a rate of 0.6 μg/100mg/hr. Under the same conditions, reduction of estrone to estradiol was undetectable. The reductase activity was present in both the mitochondrial and microsomal fractions. NADPH was the required cofactor. When NADH was substituted, the rate was less than 10% of that with NADPH in both particulate fractions. The experimental results indicate the presence of steroid path-way(s) necessary to synthesize testosterone, and represent the first in vitro demonstration of gonadotropin sensitive steroidogenesis in an adrenal cortical adenoma.
Histone H2B mono-ubiquitylation maintains genomic integrity at stalled replication forks

Histone modifications play an important role in regulating access to DNA for transcription, DNA repair and DNA replication. A central player in these events is the mono-ubiquitylation of histone H2B (H2Bub1), which has been shown to regulate nucleosome dynamics. Previously, it was shown that H2Bub1 was important for nucleosome assembly onto nascent DNA at active replication forks. In the absence of H2Bub1, incomplete chromatin structures resulted in several replication defects. Here, we report new evidence, which shows that loss of H2Bub1 contributes to genomic instability in yeast. Specifically, we demonstrate that H2Bub1-deficient yeast accumulate mutations at a high frequency under conditions of replicative stress. This phenotype is due to an aberrant DNA Damage Tolerance (DDT) response upon fork stalling. We show that H2Bub1 normally functions to promote error-free translesion synthesis (TLS) mediated by DNA polymerase eta (Polη). Without H2Bub1, DNA polymerase zeta (Polζ) is responsible for a highly mutagenic alternative mechanism. While H2Bub1 does not appear to regulate other DDT pathways, error-free DDT mechanisms are employed by H2Bub1-deficient cells as another means for survival. However, in these instances, the anti-recombinase, Srs2, is essential to prevent the accumulation of toxic HR intermediates that arise in an unconstrained chromatin environment.
The Electromechanical Impactor (EMI): A Device for Intracorporeal Lithotripsy

The EMI was designed to be a safe, effective and inexpensive device for the fragmentation of ureteral calculi. It uses a 3.0F electrohydraulic (EHL) electrode encased in a.003 inch stainless steel casing with a spring and a conical end cap. It is flexible and the outer diameter is 5F. Water is pumped into the interior chamber and the EHL is discharged. The spark vaporizes water and creates a pressure wave which compresses the spring, forcing the pointed tip forward at 2000 cm/second over a distance of 2.5 mm. This discharge occurs at a rate of 6 Hz. By manipulating the mass of the tip (titanium) and the velocity of propulsion, the impact kinetic energy is controlled (KE = 1/2 MV2). The approximate force of tip impact measured by piezo-electric sensor is 1000 bar. This pressure is sufficient to fragment mulberry calcium oxalate monohydrate calculi at a fragmentation efficiency of.63 and.89 mg/pulse.
Harnessing bacteriocin biology as targeted therapy in the GI tract

Recently, our laboratory demonstrated that bacteriocins produced by commensal enterococci provide an advantage in niche maintenance in the highly competitive environment of the gastrointestinal (GI...
STUDIES ON THE BACTERIOPHAGE OF D'HERELLE XII. CONCERNING THE PRODUCTION OF PHAGE FROM BACTERIAL CULTURES.

1. The phenomenon of phage production by one bacterial culture for another of different sort has been reproduced experimentally. 2. This phenomenon results from phage carried with the culture, and not from the spontaneous appearance of phage in a culture previously free from it. 3. Animals immunized against the lysogenic bacteria may develop antibodies that neutralize the phage carried. 4. The development of neutralizing antibodies on immunization with a bacterial culture is evidence of the presence of bacteriophage in the culture. 5. The failure of such antibodies to appear on immunization with bacteria does not necessarily indicate that bacteriophage is not present.
Object and Objectivity in Divination

Crystal gazing, palm reading, astrology, the oracle of Delphi, dream interpretation, casting lots, piromancy, Ouija boards, birds in flight, poison oracle, bibliomancy. The sheer variety of divinat...
NUT Midline Carcinoma of the Sublingual Gland: Clinical Presentation and Review

NUT midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare and aggressive disease encountered in the midline of the head and neck or mediastinum. Due to its sparse incidence and subtle pathologic features, we aim to increase knowledge and awareness for this pathologic entity. We present an exemplary case of a young, healthy male presenting with oral cavity pain and cervical lymphadenopathy. This patient was initially diagnosed with an unspecified, highly aggressive sublingual gland malignancy and underwent locoregional resection with free flap reconstruction however suffered a rapid local recurrence and widely extensive metastasis within just 1 month. After rigorous analysis, final pathologic diagnosis revealed a poorly differentiated carcinoma with evidence of squamous differentiation that eventually, post-mortem tested positive for NMC. Only one prior case of sublingual gland NMC has been previously reported as we discuss the literature regarding all sublingual gland malignancies as well as the pathologic features and treatment options for NMC. We recommend consideration of testing for the NUT proto-oncogene at the time of biopsy in the clinical setting of a poorly differentiated midline carcinoma, especially with squamous differentiation, of the head or neck in order to identify patients for clinical trial enrollment and appropriately counsel on the poor clinical prognosis. Improving clinician awareness is critical to increase diagnostic accuracy and need to study prospective treatment outcomes as the first step toward improving management of this difficult disease.
Population ecology of the snail Melampus bidentatus in changing salt marsh landscapes

We studied the population ecology of the snail Melampus bidentatus in relation to patch composition and landscape structure across several salt marsh systems in Connecticut, USA. These marshes have changed significantly over the past 40–50 years including loss of total area, increased areas of short Spartina alterniflora, and decreased areas and fragmentation of Spartina patens. These changes are consistent with tidal inundation patterns that indicate frequent flooding of high marsh areas. Melampus bidentatus densities were highly variable, both among different salt marsh systems and locations within specific marshes, but were generally similar among short Sp. alterniflora and Sp. patens patches within locations. Densities were lowest where the marsh was regularly inundated at high tide and only remnant Sp. patens patches remained. Almost no snails were found in bare patches. Areas that had large Sp. patens patches adjacent to short Sp. alterniflora supported the highest M. bidentatus densities. Population size-structure varied significantly among patch types, with higher proportions of large individuals in short Sp. alterniflora and hummocked Sp. patens patches than in large and remnant Sp. patens patches. This was likely due to size-selective predation and/or higher snail growth rates due to better food resource conditions in short Sp. alterniflora patches. Egg mass densities and the number of eggs per egg mass were highest in short Sp. alterniflora. Our results indicate that M. bidentatus is resilient to the level and patterns of salt marsh change evident at our study sites. Indeed, snail densities were significantly higher than reported in other field studies, suggesting that increased patch areas of short Sp. alterniflora and associated environmental conditions at our study sites may provide more favorable habitats than previously when marshes were dominated by extensive Sp. patens meadows. However, there may be threshold conditions that could overwhelm the ability of M. bidentatus to maintain itself within salt marsh systems where changes in hydrology, sedimentation and other factors lead to increased numbers of bare patches and ponds and loss of short Sp. alterniflora and Sp. patens. Studies of the responses of resident and transient fauna to salt marsh change are critically needed in order to better understand the implications for salt marsh ecosystem dynamics and services.
Prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria among nursing home residents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) are associated with an increasing proportion of infections among nursing home (NH) residents. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to critically review evidence of the prevalence of MDR-GNB among NH residents. Methods Following Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines, a systematic review of literature for the years 2005-2016 using multiple databases was conducted. Study quality, appraised by 2 reviewers, used Downs and Black risk of bias criteria. Studies reporting prevalence of MDR-GNB colonization were pooled using a random effects meta-analysis model. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran Q and I 2 statistics. Results Of 327 articles, 12 met the criteria for review; of these, 8 met the criteria for meta-analysis. Escherichia coli accounted for the largest proportion of isolates. Reported MDR-GNB colonization prevalence ranged from 11.2%-59.1%. Pooled prevalence for MDR-GNB colonization, representing data from 2,720 NH residents, was 27% (95% confidence interval, 15.2%-44.1%) with heterogeneity ( Q = 405.6; P = .01; I 2 = 98.3). Two studies reported MDR-GNB infection rates of 10.9% and 62.7%. Conclusion Our findings suggest a high prevalence of MDR-GNB colonization among NH residents, emphasizing the need to enhance policies for infection control and prevention (ICP) in NHs.
Undertanding and Detecting Divided Attention in Mobile MOOC Learning

The emergence of mobile apps for Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) allows learners to access quality learning materials at low cost and "to control where, what, how and with whom they learn". Unfortunately, when compared with traditional classroom education, learners face more distractions and are more likely to multitask when they study alone in an informal learning environment. In this paper, we investigate the impact of divided attention (DA) on both the learning process and learning outcomes in the context of mobile MOOC learning. We propose OneMind, a system and algorithm for detecting divided attention on unmodified mobile phones via implicit, camera-based heart rate tracking. In an 18-participant study, we found that internal divided attention has a significant negative impact on learning outcomes; and that the photoplethysmography (PPG) waveforms implicitly captured by OneMind can be used to detect the presence, type, and intensity of divided attention in mobile MOOC learning.
A distance-immune low-power 4-Mbps inductively-coupled bidirectional data link

A distance-immune inductively coupled link is based on a free-running oscillator tuned by coupled resonators. It can transfer data at up to 4 Mbps and 2 Mbps in half duplex with an LSK uplink and ASK downlink, respectively (at BER< 5 × 10−8). In uplink direction, the implanted unit consumes less than 0.1 pJ/bit while transmitting.
Using Content Analysis to Explore the Learning Process in an Embedded Information Literacy Pilot Program

This case study investigates the learning process of students participating in an online information literacy program embedded in English composition classes at a small community college. The pilot...
Time-optimal control for circadian entrainment for a model with circadian and sleep dynamics

In this paper, we study an optimal control problem for circadian rhythm regulation. The objective of the problem is to find a lighting schedule that minimizes the time required for a subject's circadian rhythm to synchronize with a reference circadian rhythm. We previously solved this problem with a bang-off control algorithm. However, this existing solution neglects the sleep dynamics and often results in an unreasonably uncomfortable schedule (with excessive sleepiness). In this paper, we use a hybrid system model that contains both the circadian and sleep dynamics. Using variational analysis, we show that the time-optimal control problem is still a bang-off control algorithm, but from a class of algorithms that is richer than the one previously reported.
Aortic Arch Anomalies

Congenital anomalies of the aortic arch represent a diverse set of malformations with a common embryologic origin and a wide array of clinical manifestations. Arch anomalies are noted in 1–10/1,000 live births and account for approximately 15–20 % of all congenital heart disease (Hoffman and Kaplan, J Am Coll Cardiol 39:1890–1900, 2002). Presentation of aortic arch anomalies is highly variable with many patients remaining asymptomatic throughout life. When present, symptoms generally result from compression of surrounding mediastinal structures or associated intracardiac defects. Successful management of symptomatic arch anomalies often relies on surgical or endovascular intervention aimed at relieving compression or improving hemodynamics. In this review, we present several common aortic anomalies in correlation with their embryologic development and clinical features.
Forest insect trends along an acidic deposition gradient in the central United States

The Ohio Corridor Study (OCS) was designed to detect possible effects of acidic deposition on oak-hickory forests in the central United States (Haack & Blank, 1991). The hypothesis tested was that for analogous forest stand conditions and soil types, differences in forest response along a geographic acidic-dose gradient could be explained by differences in pollutant dose.
Hallucinations, Neural Basis of

This chapter reviews basic types of hallucinations that occur in neurological illness, drug-induced states, psychiatric disorders, and normal states of consciousness. A conceptual model of hallucinations first described by Benson and Gorman is reviewed. This model assumes that most hallucinations are one of two types: ‘release’ hallucinations that arise from deprivation of normal sensory input, and ‘ictal’ hallucinations that arise from activation of groups of neurons. Although this model provides a good starting point, it has limitations that are considered on the basis of a review of research pertaining to four types of hallucinations: (I) phantom limb phenomena, (II) amphetamine-induced hallucinations, (III) complex hallucinations elicited by intracerebral stimulation, and (IV) auditory hallucinations of spoken speech. Studies of these hallucinations highlight the need for more comprehensive explanatory models that consider dynamical interactions between multiple brain regions as well as neuroplastic alterations at synaptic and molecular levels.
Tyrosyl-DNA-Phosphodiesterase

The abortive activity of DNA topoisomerase I (Top1) can lead to DNA single-strand breaks with 3′-protein adducts termed Top1-DNA cleavage complexes. Repair of these DNA lesions in a prompt and accurate manner is essential for cell survival. One of the cellular pathways for repairing such DNA lesions involves tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1). Tdp1 hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond between a tyrosine residue and a terminal 3′-phosphate of DNA, the type of linkage found in Top1-DNA cleavage complexes. A mutation in Tdp1 is found to cause a rare heredity neurodegenerative disease, spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy (SCAN1). Efforts to elucidate the mechanism of Tdp1-depedent DNA repair pathway have identified several other proteins, which form a complex response network with Tdp1. Conversely, structural and biochemical studies suggest that Tdp1 can act on a broad spectrum of 3′-phosphodiester linkages, potentially implicating Tdp1 in other DNA repair pathways. In this chapter we summarize the recent advances in research concerning Tdp1, alternative repair pathways for repairing Top1-induced DNA damage, and the rational for targeting Tdp1 as a potential anticancer therapy.
Practical Design of Shear and Compression Loaded Stiffened Panels

Many applications of optimization methods to structural design problems have been based on material strength. When buckling is considered, the problem is generally more complicated and difficult. In this paper, several of these difficulties and means to handle them for practical design will be described in the context of the development of the computer program PASCO (Panel Analysis and Sizing COde).
Chemotherapy under-dosing in obese endometrial cancer patients.

e17124Background: Although concerns exist regarding toxicity and overdosing of chemotherapy when using actual body weight in obese patients, current recommendations are to use full weight-based che...
Resilient adaptive control based on renewal particle swarm optimization to improve production system energy efficiency

Abstract Considerable amount of energy may be wasted due to idleness or constraints from the interactions between the machines and buffers. To increase profits, it is desired to quickly identify the energy waste and properly manage machine operations for reducing this energy waste without jeopardizing system production. In this paper, a real-time system performance diagnostic method is developed using both system physical properties and sensor information to identify this energy waste, and evaluate system resilience against random disruption events. Furthermore, by utilizing the real-time system diagnostic results, a real-time resilient adaptive control policy is developed to improve system profit and energy efficiency, and deliver resilient performance against random disruption events. This control policy uses a novel renewal particle swarm optimization (RPSO) algorithm to update its controller parameters, such that the controller is well adapted to the slowly varying system reliabilities. A case study is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control policy.
Eyelid Tumors: Examination Techniques

Eyelid tumors, or neoplasms, can develop within any structure of the eyelid. The eyelid examination, including structure and function, is important in determining if further studies and/or biopsy are warranted. In addition, the patient’s history including onset and rate of progression and symptoms can give clues to the etiology. If an eyelid lesion is suspicious, there should be a low threshold to biopsy.
The Influence of Sex Differences on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Metrics Following Heart Transplant.

Abstract Background Previous work has shown sex-related differences in cardiopulmonary responses in patients with heart failure (HF); however, sex differences following heart transplant (HTx) have not been examined. Thus, we hypothesized women would demonstrate lower peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) but similar ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2 slope) compared with men prior to HTx. Furthermore, we hypothesized that, following HTx, women would exhibit greater improvements in VO2peak and VE/VCO2 slope compared with men. Methods HTx patients with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) between 2007 and 2016 were included. Pre-HTx CPET occurred within 24 months pre-HTx with post-HTx CPET within 12 months following HTx. VO2peak was measured via standard protocol. VE/VCO2 slope was calculated using rest-peak ventilation (VE) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2). Results Eighty-eight patients (Men [M]: n = 63, age: 55 ± 12 years; Women [W]: n = 25, age: 47 ± 11 years) were assessed. Pre-HTx VO2peak (M: 13.9 ± 5.0 vs W: 11.6 ± 3.9 mL/kg/min, P = 0.17) and VE/VCO2 slope (M: 42 ± 12 vs W: 46 ± 18, P = 0.53) were not different between sexes. Overall, VO2peak (Pre: 13.3 ± 4.8 vs Post: 18.4 ± 4.8 mL/kg/min, P Conclusions These data demonstrate that cardiopulmonary improvements following HTx patients occur for both sexes. Importantly, women show similar significant functional improvements following HTx compared with men.
The quest for digital health: From diseases to patients

Abstract The shift towards non-communicable, chronic, diseases has placed emphasis on understanding the dominant role our everyday activities and broader environment as a major determinant of health. The realization that genetics is but one of the drivers of maintaining health and developing chronic diseases, necessitates that we refocus our attention on the patient and the interactions between life style and environment and the biology and physiology underlying health and chronic diseases. In that respect, we begin to better appreciate that health and disease are fundamentally systems properties and need to be treated as such. In this review, we attempt to first, define the “patient” eco-system, its boundaries and its components and then discuss how to establish and assess the multitude of interactions across the system components. We particularly focus on three environmental and life-style factors: mistimed rest/activity patterns, mistimed feeding patterns and chronic stress.
Assessing impacts of energy storage on resilience of distribution systems against hurricanes

This paper develops a comprehensive framework to analyze the impact of energy storage on improving the resilience of distribution systems against hurricanes. This paper first develops a spatio-temporal model of progressing hurricane when making landfall that can be used to anticipate outage scenarios caused by the gust-wind speed. An optimization model is then developed for optimizing the operation of distribution systems during hurricane that captures both pre-outage and post-outage network operation constraints. Numerical simulations are performed on the modified IEEE 33-bus distribution system with real hurricane data in Houston to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Making the Cut: The Effectiveness of Teacher Screening and Hiring in the Los Angeles Unified School District:

Many schools and districts have considerable discretion when hiring teachers, yet little is known about how that discretion should be used. Using data from a new teacher screening system in the Los...
Deep Learning Denoising Based Line Spectral Estimation

Many well-known line spectral estimators may experience significant performance loss with noisy measurements. To address the problem, we propose a deep learning denoising based approach for line spectral estimation. The proposed approach utilizes a residual learning assisted denoising convolutional neural network (DnCNN) trained to recover the unstructured noise component, which is used to denoise the original measurements. Following the denoising step, we employ a popular model order selection method and a subspace line spectral estimator to the denoised measurements for line spectral estimation. Numerical results show that the proposed approach outperforms a recently introduced atomic norm minimization based denoising method and offers a substantial improvement compared with the line spectral estimation results obtained by directly applying the subspace estimator without denoising.
Wireless position sensing and normalization of embedded resonant sensors using a resonator array

Abstract In this work, four square, planar resonators with unique frequency windows were used to form a 2 by 2 array for wireless position determination and normalization of position-dependent, embedded resonant sensors. First, a master table of S|21| gain and phase data was collected at 8100 positions. Automated scripts extracted the characteristic gain and phase peaks and used cubic interpolation to expand the master table to 7,157,160 unique angle and coordinate positions. An unknown position is then determined by comparing its S|21| measurements to this table. To further improve the position accuracy, multiple measurements are collected on linear flyby trajectories. The average and standard deviation of predicted position offset from true value using this method were 3.2 and 2.3 mm, respectively. To test normalization of a position dependent sensor, a spiral resonant sensor was placed underneath the square array. The sensor signal was modulated using varying amounts of water on the sensor surface. A corrected reading was determined using four different flyby trajectories using the position array data to adjust the signal based on position. We found that average errors of the normalized signals were between 0.04 to 0.15 MHz at lower water volume (0.5 mL) and -0.53 to -0.74 MHz at higher water volume (2.0 mL). In its current state, the positional array can be used for asset tracking or feedback control and the sensor normalization can be used to improve the measurement accuracy of embedded sensors. This technique can be further improved by collecting more accurate master calibration data using an automated system.
Better stress coping associated with lower tau in amyloid-positive cognitively unimpaired older adults.

Objective Research in animals has shown that chronic stress exacerbates tau pathology. In humans, psychological stress has been associated with higher risk of Alzheimer disease clinical syndrome. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the hypothesis that stress coping ability (assessed via the Brief Resilience Scale [BRS]) is associated with tau burden and to evaluate whether these associations differed by sex and amyloid status (A+/A−) in cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults. Methods We included 225 CU participants (mean age 70.4 ± 10.2 years, 48% female) enrolled in the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging who completed the BRS and underwent amyloid-PET (Pittsburgh compound B–PET) and tau-PET (AV1451-PET). We fitted multiple regression and analysis of covariance models to assess the associations between BRS and tau-PET and the interaction with amyloid status and sex. We focused on entorhinal cortex (ERC) tau burden and also performed voxel-wise analyses. Age, sex, education, depression, and anxiety were considered as covariates. Results Higher stress coping ability was associated with lower tau burden in the medial temporal lobe (including ERC) and occipito-temporal and cuneal/precuneal cortices. The association was present in both A+ and A− but weaker in A− CU older adults. There was an interaction between amyloid status and stress coping ability that was restricted to the medial temporal lobe tau such that A+ CU older adults with lower stress coping abilities showed higher tau. There were no significant interactions between stress coping and sex. Conclusions A faster termination of the stress response (higher coping ability) may limit the negative effects of stress on tau deposition. Conversely, lower stress coping ability may be an early sign of accumulating tau pathology. Longitudinal studies are warranted to clarify whether stress mechanisms act to exacerbate tau pathology or tau influences stress-related brain mechanisms and lowers the ability to cope with stress.
The Parent Support Program: Development and Acceptability of an Online Intervention Aimed at Increasing Supportive Behaviors Among Parents of Trans Youth

Parental support plays a vital role in protecting trans youth from mental health risks including depression, anxiety, substance use, and suicide. This study examined the acceptability of the Parent...
Minimay Invasive Direct Access Mitral Valve Surgery

We reviewed our experience with minimally invasive direct-access mitral valve surgery in 207 patients through February 1999. Three patients underwent associated procedures, a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with right internal mammary artery to right carotid artery (RIMA-RCA), a left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) debridement for endocarditis, and a primum atrial septal defect (ASD) repair, and were excluded from analysis. Of the 204 remaining patients, 120 (59%) patients were men, aged 58.7 ± 13.2 years, functional class of 2.3 ± 0.5. The cause was myxomatous in 162 (79%) patients, rheumatic in 28 (14%) patients, endocarditis in 8 (4%) patients, congenital in 3 (2%) patients, and ischemic in 3 (2%) patients. Mean preoperative EF was 60% ± 10%, with 184 (90%) patients showing ejection fraction (EF) greater than 50%. The valve was approached through a 5- to 8-cm right parasternal (n=180, 88%) or right inframammary (n = 24, 12%) incision. One hundred nineteen (58%) patients had open femoral artery-femoral vein cannulation, and 85 (42%) patients had direct cannulation of the aorta and percutaneous cannulation of the femoral vein. One hundred seventy (83%) patients underwent successful valve repair, and 34 (17%) patients required valve replacement. The mean duration of aortic clamping and cardiopulmonary were, respectively, 100 ± 34 and 146 ± 44 minutes. There were 2 (1%) surgical deaths. Nonfatal perioperative complications included 3 (1.5%) ascending aortic complications, 3 (1.5%) reoperations for bleeding, 4 (2%) strokes, 2 (1%) transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), 2 (1%) myocardial infarctions, 3 (1.5%) pericardial effusions requiring drainage, 9 (4.5%) vascular complications, and 3 (1.5%) wound complications. Mean length of stay (LOS) was 6.1 ± 3 days, with 63 (31%) patients being discharged in less than 5 days. One hundred twenty-nine (63%) patients did not require blood transfusions. Follow-up was complete in 165 (81%) patients, with mean follow-up of 13.2 ± 8 months. Late complications included 1(0.5%) myocardial infarction, 3 (1.5%) reoperations, all converting repairs to replacements, 3 (1.5%) wound hernias requiring reoperation and repair with mesh, 5 (2.5%) thromboembolic events, and 3 (1.5%) deaths of suicide, pneumonia, and sudden death, respectively. Mean follow-up New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class was 1.2 ± 0.5. We conclude that minimally invasive direct-access mitral valve surgery is safe, effective, and applicable for most patients presenting for isolated mitral valve surgery. We now consider it the standard of care for selected patients.
Effect of hydrogen isotope on plasma impedance and thermal pinching induced by single aerosol droplets injected into an inductively coupled plasma

Abstract The mass of the hydrogen isotope in micrometer-sized aqueous droplets introduced into an ICP has been found to affect the degree of resulting plasma perturbation. Studied plasma perturbations include local plasma cooling, plasma shrinkage due to thermal pinching, and changes in plasma impedance. The local cooling effect caused by a vaporizing aerosol droplet was found to be similar between H2O and D2O. This finding is likely a result of the similar heat capacities and vaporization rates of H2O and D2O droplets and of the comparable thermal conductivities and dissociation kinetics of H2O and D2O vapor. In contrast, a clear isotope effect was observed for plasma shrinkage and impedance change, with H2O causing a considerably stronger effect. Plasma shrinkage, gauged by the reduction in Ar emission at the edge of the plasma, was detected at all observation heights within the load-coil region, with D2O droplets causing as much as 30% less of an effect than H2O. Likewise, D2O droplets induce significantly less change in plasma impedance than H2O droplets. Depending on experimental conditions and the probing method, changes in plasma impedance caused by monodisperse D2O droplets were only 52%–80% that of H2O. The lower influence on plasma shrinkage and impedance change for D2O droplets is believed to be related to the much lower thermal conductivity of atomic deuterium, around 70% that of atomic hydrogen (protium). The time required for the plasma impedance to return to its original steady-state value was comparatively long (~10 ms) and similar for H2O and D2O droplets.
Systemic Racism in Police Killings: New Evidence From the Mapping Police Violence Database, 2013–2021:

This research note provides new evidence consistent with systemic anti-Black racism in police killings across the United States. Data come from the Mapping Police Violence Database (2013–2021). I c...
FORMYLTETRAHYDROFOLATE SYNTHETASE: ADDITIONAL OBSERVATIONS CONCERNING THE MECHANISM OF THE REACTION.

Abstract Additional experiments were carried out to elucidate the mechanism of the reaction catalyzed by crystalline formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase isolated from Clostridium cylindrosporum. The ratio of formate kinase and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase activities, compared during the purification of the latter enzyme, was found to vary. It is possible to prepare formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase free of formate kinase activity. Kinetic studies show that the affinity constant of any substrate is not affected by variation of the concentration of the other two substrates. Incubation of stoichiometric amounts of the enzyme with formate-C14 and ATP failed to indicate any interaction between the enzyme and these two substrates. The reversibility of the reaction was demonstrated by measuring the disappearance of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate in the presence of orthophosphate and ADP. Unusually large amounts of enzyme were required to demonstrate the reaction in this direction compared to the amount of enzyme required to demonstrate the formation of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate. The exchange of formate-C14 into 10-formyltetrahydrofolate requires the presence of both ADP and orthophosphate. These results are consistent with the “concerted” mechanism proposed previously.
Abstract T P232: Brain CD47 Expression in a Piglet Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Differentiation 47 (CD47) has a role in ischemic brain injury and phagocytosis. The role of CD47 in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has not been investigated and the current study examined brain CD47 expression in a piglet ICH model. Methods: Piglets received a blood injection or needle insertion into the right frontal lobe and were euthanized at different times to examine CD47 expression. Piglets were also treated with an iron chelator, deferoxamine, (50 mg/kg, i.m.) or vehicle and euthanized at day-3 to examine the effects on CD47. Results: ICH resulted in upregulation of brain CD47 in both white and grey matter by both immunohistochemistry and Western blot. A time-course showed ICH-induced CD47 upregulation from 4 hours to day-14. ICH-induced CD47 upregulation peaked at day-3. CD47 positive cells were neurons, microglia/macrophage and oliogodendrocytes. Systemic treatment with deferoxamine (started at 2 hours after ICH and every 12 hours for 3 days), an iron chelator, reduced CD47 levels in the ipsilate...
Radio Emission from AM Herculis

Observations of the quiescent microwave emission of the magnetic cataclysmic variable AM Herculis are presented. The emission, which declined from a mean value of 0.58 mJy at 4.9 GHz to ≈0.3 mJy, in rough coincidence with the entry of AM Herculis into an optical low-state (mid-1983), is explained in terms of optically thick gyrosynchrotron emission. It is noted that the observation of a coherent outburst at 4.9 GHz, interpreted as the result of a cyclotron maser on the red dwarf secondary, indicates that the secondary is magnetized. Possible implications are briefly explored. Comparisons between this system and other stellar continuum radio sources are made.
Low Noise Amplification for Optical Detector Arrays

Absfract - Detection of low intenisty light pulses is accomplished using a three stage amplifier design. A highly sensitive input stage provides a large gain and buffers the sensor from the following stages. An integration stage averages the input signal and holds the output value during data collection. Low impedance output drive capability and noise immunity are provided by a third stage. The combination of these three stages produces a system capable of detecting photocurrent signals in the range of 10-100 nA.
Hitting the Surface--Softly

During the adsorption of a molecule on a surface, energy is lost from the molecule. This loss can occur through many loss channels, including the emission of ions or electrons, the formation of electron-hole pairs, and excitation of lattice vibrations. In his Perspective, [Auerbach][1] discusses the relative importance of these loss channels for high and low interaction energies. He highlights the report by [ Gergen et al .][2], who show that electron-hole pair formation is more important in low-energy adsorption than previously thought. [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/294/5551/2488 [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/294/5551/2521
Optimal capacity expansion

We consider the problem of temporal expansion of the capacity of, say, a plant or road given estimates of its desired usage (demand). The basic problem is: given a sequence of predicted demands for N time periods, determine the optimal investment decision in each period to minimize a linear investment cost and a strictly convex cost of capacity. The relationship between capacity and the investment decisions is assumed to be linear, but time varying. Constraints on both the individual decisions and on the sum of the decisions are considered. An algorithm for solving this problem is derived.
Rotatable Designs and Rotatability

Choosing a suitable experimental design is an important step in the investigations of the factors that may influence one or more response variables. There are several criteria to keep in mind when the choice is made, one of which is rotatability. When a design is rotatable, it will produce information that predicts ŷ with the same precision at all points equidistant from the coded origin of the design. Another way of saying this is that the contours of V(ŷ), the variance of the predicted value, will be spherical about the design origin. In experimental practice, exact rotatability is not essential, but the knowledge of how to obtain it is useful in producing approximate rotatability while perhaps attaining other desirable design characteristics. Keywords: center points; central composite designs; experimental designs; first-order designs; response surfaces; rotatability; second-order designs; two-level factorial designs; variance contours
Theoretical analysis of restorability of Hamiltonian protection cycles in random mesh networks

This paper presents an analytical study of preplanned protection cycles (p-cycles) in mesh optical networks. We mathematically define and calculate the total network restorability for a Hamiltonian p-cycle in the case where the working and protection capacities of a network are fixed and uniformly distributed. The dependency of the total network restorability on various network parameters such as network size and the ratio of maximum to minimum link capacity in the network are discussed in detail. We present analytical and simulation results for random and real networks to show the remarkable accuracy of our analysis.
Some Thoughts on 'A Mind Thinking'

A new catchphrase has entered the discourse of and about twenti eth-century poetry unthinkingly. Although the catchphrase, which defines the task of the poem as that of portraying "not a thought, a mind thinking," has achieved great popularity?it has been employed by Elizabeth Bishop, Charles Bernstein, and James Longenbach?it is highly problematic. Even a glance at its formula tion reveals its inherent difficulties, its ambiguities and its dated ness. While the poem of "a mind thinking" is presented as a radical alternative to the poem as a static product of thought, it presents a picture of the mind's activity that is not at all radical. "A mind think ing" seems natural, eloquent, fitting; its parts?"mind" and "think ing"?correspond with a Cartesian clarity which, even after its encounter with the all-powerful evil demon of doubt, could confi dently claim that its mental phenomena were the results of think ing rather than of dreaming or delusions. In a century following Rimbaud's anti-Cartesian declaration, "I am another," and in a cen tury suspicious of the mind's mechanisms following its psychoana lytic boom and the work of postmodern critics from Barthes to Irigaray who describe the self as a construct, that such a formula tion could become so popular seems incredible. Thought must be given to the ways in which this catchphrase has metamorphosed from its origins as a merely descriptive tool and as a passionate though uncritical expression of poetic ambition and praise to its most recent and most troubling manifestation as a critical device for system-building. Thought must be given to the meanings and the uses and the meanings of the uses of this increasingly problematic catchphrase. The phrase, "not a thought, but a mind thinking," was first used by the critic Morris W. Croll in his essay, "The Baroque Style in Prose" (in Style, Rhetoric, and Rhythm: Essays by Morris W. Croll, Princeton University Press, 1966), merely as part of a description; Croll says of his essay that "its purpose is to describe the form of.. .baroque prose" (208). Although non-evaluative, Croll's exciting descriptions of baroque prose?"It preferred the forms that express the energy and