cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Duration of Effects of Phenylbutazone on Serum Total Thyroxine and Free Thyroxine Concentrations in Horses

The objectives of this study were to determine if phenylbutazone decreased serum thyroxine (TT4) and free thyroxine (FT4) concentrations using radioimmunoassay and equilibrium dialysis techniques in horses, and, if so, an additional objective was to determine the duration of this decreased concentration once phenylbutazone administration was discontinued. Serum TT4 and FT4 concentrations were determined before and after administration of 4.4 mg/kg of phenylbutazone i.v. bid for 5 days. Treatment with phenylbutazone caused a significant decrease in TT4 and FT4 concentrations (P < .05). Serum TT4 concentration significantly decreased after day 4 of treatment and remained significantly below baseline value for 10 days after discontinuing phenylbutazone administration; it returned to a value not different from the baseline value by the 11th day. Serum FT4 concentration significantly decreased after day 4 of treatment and remained significantly below the baseline value for only 1 day after phenylbutazone administration was discontinued; it returned to a value not different from the baseline value by the 3rd day after discontinuation of phenylbutazone. These results indicate that serum TT4 and FT4 should not be used to evaluate thyroid function in horses receiving phenylbutazone. In addition, results should be interpreted cautiously when phenylbutazone has been administered within 2 days (for FT4) or within 10 days (for TT4) of sample collection.
The glycoprotein B disintegrin-like domain binds beta 1 integrin to mediate cytomegalovirus entry.

Cellular integrins were identified as human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) entry receptors and signaling mediators in both fibroblasts and endothelial cells. The goal of these studies was to determine the mechanism by which HCMV binds to cellular integrins to mediate virus entry. HCMV envelope glycoprotein B (gB) has sequence similarity to the integrin-binding disintegrin-like domain found in the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) family of proteins. To test the ability of this region to bind to cellular integrins, we generated a recombinant soluble version of the gB disintegrin-like domain (gB-DLD). The gB-DLD protein bound to human fibroblasts in a specific, dose-dependent and saturable manner that required the expression of an intact β1 integrin ectodomain. Furthermore, a physical association between gB-DLD and β1 integrin was demonstrated through in vitro pull-down assays. The function of this interaction was shown by the ability of cell-bound gB-DLD to efficiently block HCMV entry and the infectivity of multiple in vivo target cells. Additionally, rabbit polyclonal antibodies raised against gB-DLD neutralized HCMV infection. Mimicry of the ADAM family disintegrin-like domain by HCMV gB represents a novel mechanism for integrin engagement by a virus and reveals a unique therapeutic target for HCMV neutralization. The strong conservation of the DLD across beta- and gammaherpesviruses suggests that integrin recognition and utilization may be a more broadly conserved feature throughout the Herpesviridae.
Transductive Methods for Distributed Ensemble Classification

We consider ensemble classification for the case when there is no common labeled training data for designing the function which aggregates individual classifier decisions. We dub this problem distributed ensemble classification, addressing e.g. when individual classifiers are trained on different (e.g. proprietary, legacy) databases or operate (perhaps remotely) on different sensing modalities. Typically, fixed, principled (untrained) rules of classifier combination such as voting methods are used in this case for aggregating decisions. Alternatively, we take a transductive approach, optimizing the combining rule for an objective function measured on the un labeled batch of test data. We propose specific maximum likelihood (ML) objectives that are shown to yield well-known forms of aggregation, albeit with iterative, EM-based adjustment to account for possible mismatch between the class priors used by individual classifiers and those reflected in the new data batch. We also propose an information-theoretic method which outperforms the ML methods and addresses some problem instances where the ML methods are not applicable. On benchmark data from the UC Irvine machine learning repository, all our methods give improvements in accuracy over the use of fixed rules when there is prior mismatch.
The Effects of Criminal Justice Contact on Employment Stability for White-Collar and Street-Level Offenders

Criminologists increasingly have studied the effects of criminal justice contact on a broad range of offenders’adult outcomes. However, virtually all of this research focuses exclusively on street-level offenders. With the use of a unique data set that includes street-level and white-collar offenders, we investigated the odds of regaining steady employment following criminal justice contact by offender type. Specifically, we investigated the effects of age of onset, number of prior arrests, total time sentenced, timing of first arrest, and timing of first incarceration on employment stability for both types of offenders, while controlling for family background factors, race, educational attainment, and age. Overall, we found that whitecollar offenders are better able to rebound following contact with the criminal justice system. However, when they accrue multiple arrests and are arrested or incarcerated before the age of 24, white-collar offenders face the same obstacles to employment stability as their s...
On effective presentation of graph patterns: a structural representative approach

In the past, quite a few fast algorithms have been developed to mine frequent patterns over graph data, with the large spectrum covering many variants of the problem. However, the real bottleneck for knowledge discovery on graphs is neither efficiency nor scalability, but the usability of patterns that are mined out. Currently, what the state-of-art techniques give is a lengthy list of exact patterns, which are undesirable in the following two aspects: (1) on the micro side, due to various inherent noises or data diversity, exact patterns are usually not too useful in many real applications; and (2) on the macro side, the rigid structural requirement being posed often generates an excessive amount of patterns that are only slightly different from each other, which easily overwhelm the users.In this paper, we study the presentation problem of graph patterns, where structural representatives are deemed as the key mechanism to make the whole strategy effective. As a solution to fill the usability gap, we adopt a two-step smoothing-clustering framework, with the first step adding error tolerance to individual patterns (the micro side), and the second step reducing output cardinality by collapsing multiple structurally similar patterns into one representative (the macro side). This novel, integrative approach is never tried in previous studies, which essentially rolls-up our attention to a more appropriate level that no longer looks into every minute detail. The above framework is general, which may apply under various settings and incorporate a lot of extensions. Empirical studies indicate that a compact group of informative delegates can be achieved on real datasets and the proposed algorithms are both efficient and scalable.
RAKE reception for UWB communication systems with intersymbol interference

Recently, ultra wideband (UWB) technology has been proposed for use in wireless personal area networks (WPAN). Under the conditions where such transceivers are expected to operate, intersymbol interference (ISI) will become a significant performance limitation, and improvements to conventional RAKE reception will be necessary. We propose a modified RAKE receiver that finds an optimal balance between the goal of gathering multipath signal energy avoiding ISI, and suppressing narrowband interference. For fixed RAKE finger delays, we develop a closed-form expression for the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) combining weights that account for ISI. We then examine the optimal choice of RAKE finger delays, and show that significant performance gains can be achieved, particularly in an undermodeled situation when there are more channel paths than RAKE fingers. Several numerical examples are presented which compare our proposed scheme to a conventional RAKE with maximal ratio combining (MRC).
CMOS charged particle spectrometers

Integrated circuits, manufactured in CMOS technology, have been developed as diffusion-based charged particle spectrometers for space applications. Current designs are single-chip spectrometers capable of uniquely identifying and counting electrons and heavy ions. A four-chip spectrometer designed to count protons and heavy ions was flown on the Clementine spacecraft. The spectrometer proton data is compared to GOES-6 proton data for the 21 February 1994 solar proton event.
Determination of γ-Glutamylcysteine Synthetase and Glutathione Synthetase Activity by HPLC

The tripeptide glutathione (GSH) in its reduced form is a critical intracellular antioxidant that is essential to many physiological and toxicological processes. The rate-limiting enzyme in intracellular synthesis of GSH is the peptide bond formation between free glutamate and cysteine, mediated via γ-glutamylcysteine (GC) synthetase (EC 6.3.2.2: GCS). GSH synthesis is completed by the addition of glycine to GC, mediated via glutathione synthetase (EC 6.3.2.3; GS). We have developed a rapid and sensitive assay to measure both of these enzymes in the soluble fractions of tissues. For GCS activity, cytosolic fractions of tissue are incubated with an excess of cysteine and glutamate, and the reaction is stopped by addition of sulfosalicylic acid. For GS, dialyzed cytosol is incubated with an excess of GC and glycine. The products of each reaction are derivatized with monobromobimane, and the fluorescent bimane derivatives of glutathione and GC are separated by reverse-phase, ion-pair high performance liquid ...
To the memory of our colleague: Richard V. Monlopoli

Richard Vito Monopoli (b. 1930), Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Massachusetts, died suddenly on March 19, 1982. He was fifty-one years old. His passing at such an early age came as a shock to all who knew him as a talented colleague and a fine human being. A brief professional biography is provided.
Entry Deterence through Strategic Sourcing

We demonstrate that a downstream firm (an incumbent) may source to an upstream firm (a potential entrant) for the sole purpose of entry deterrence. The reason is that, on the one hand, as a supplier, the potential entrant would have a second mover's disadvantage upon its entry into the downstream market. On the other hand, on the basis of the sourcing transaction, the surplus generated by the more concentrated downstream market is shared between the incumbent and the entrant, leaving each one better off. Under many circumstances, sourcing due to entry-deterrence improves the social welfare. For some ranges of parameters, it even benefits consumers.
Giant Synovial Cysts of the Calf in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Six patients with rheumatoid arthritis are described in whom giant synovial cysts of the popliteal space and calf developed. In some, these cysts extended to the level of the Achilles tendon. All complained of calf pain and were found to have swelling and tenderness in the region. In three patients, the onset of symptoms was relatively acute and suggested the diagnosis of thrombophlebitis. In two others, a softtissue tumor was suspected. The proper diagnosis was established by means of contrast arthrography of the knee. These massive cysts, measuring up to twenty-eight centimeters in length, were surgically excised, and all were found to communicate with the posterior part of the knee joint, arising at the level of the femoral condyle in close proximity to the semimembranosus and the medial head of the gastroenemius. The walls of these cysts were thick, fibrotic, and densely infiltrated with chronic inflammatory cells, chiefly lymphocytes and plasma cells. The lining of the cyst appeared synovial in character, and the inflammatory reaction resembled that found in rheumatoid arthritis. The origin of these cysts remains controversial. Surgical excision appears to be the treatment of choice. The findings in these six patients are compared and added to those of twentythree other cases of giant (rheumatoid) synovial cysts of the calf previously reported. These symptoms are so frequently misdiagnosed as thrombophlebitis that contrast arthrography of the knee should be considered in any individual with rheumatoid arthritis who has calf pain and swelling.
Experiments in Apple Insect Control

Eleven combinations of insecticides and fungicides were applied to McIntosh apples ill Connecticut for control of insects and diseases in 1957 and 1958. When these were rated on the basis of pest control, quality of fruit, safety, and cost, the order of preference was (1) Guthion-captan, (2) Sevin-Kelthane-captan, (3) methoxychlor-glyodin-ferbam, and (4) lean arsenatemalathion- captan. Kepone-captan, used only in 1958, gave very promising results. The possible place of these and other pesticides in apple insect control is discussed. Insecticides with trademarked names mentioned above are: Guthion O,O -dimethyl S -(4-oxo-3 II -1, 2,3-benzotriazine-3-methyl) phosphorodithioate; Kelthane®1,I-bis( p -chlorintedenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethanol; Kepone (1189) formerly known as a chlorinated polycyclic ketone,. now designated Decachloro-tetrahydro-4, 7-methanoindenone; and Sevin® 1-naphthyl- N -methyl carbamate.
Evaluation of landslide susceptibility mapping techniques using lidar-derived conditioning factors (Oregon case study)

ABSTRACTLandslides are a significant geohazard, which frequently result in significant human, infrastructure, and economic losses. Landslide susceptibility mapping using GIS and remote sensing can help communities prepare for these damaging events. Current mapping efforts utilize a wide variety of techniques and consider multiple factors. Unfortunately, each study is relatively independent of others in the applied technique and factors considered, resulting in inconsistencies. Further, input data quality often varies in terms of source, data collection, and generation, leading to uncertainty. This paper investigates if lidar-derived data-sets (slope, slope roughness, terrain roughness, stream power index, and compound topographic index) can be used for predictive mapping without other landslide conditioning factors. This paper also assesses the differences in landslide susceptibility mapping using several, widely used statistical techniques. Landslide susceptibility maps were produced from the aforementio...
"Toxic sock" syndrome.

For several months, a 17-year-old male athlete noticed that his feet had an itchy, burning sensation at the heels and toes. His foot odor had become so malodorous (somewhat akin to rotting fish) that he would not remove his shoes except immediately before washing his feet. Washing made the odor somewhat milder, but only for a short time. The patient had tried an over-the-counter "athlete's foot" powder without results. He had no other health problems and was not taking any medication. The accompanying figure shows the toes of his right foot.
Emerging single-cell technologies for functional proteomics in oncology.

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Cellular heterogeneity has challenged current cancer therapeutics and hindered the discovery and development of cancer drugs. The heterogeneity in functional proteome is of particular interest because many cancer drugs are developed to target signaling proteins. The complex nature of tumor systems calls for more advanced multiplexed single-cell tools to address the heterogeneity issue.Area covered: Over the past five years, there are a few single-cell functional proteomics tools introduced with unprecedented multiplexity and performance that are transforming the oncology field. Those tools are generally categorized as cytometry-based tools and microfluidics-based tools, and we discuss the representatives in both categories.Expert commentary: The single-cell tools have provided an avenue to understand the multifaceted differences of cancer cells, the complex signaling networks, and the relationship of intercellular interaction and tumor architecture. We also provide an outlook of sing...
A Study of the Preparation of Disofenin and Gluceptate Cold-Unit Doses

This study evaluated the feasibility of preparing cold-unit doses (CUDs) of disofenin (DISIDA) and gluceptate (GHA) in syringe form. DISIDA and GHA reagent kits were reconstituted with normal saline and divided into single-unit doses (UDs) in accordance with the recommended volume of the manufacturers. These UDs were immediately frozen at –10°C after preparation. After 5, 10, 12, 24, and 31 days of storage, 4 CUDs from the DISIDA group were randomly selected and radiolabeled with technetium-99m (99mTc) pertechnetate. The CUDs from the GHA group were similarly radiolabeled after 7, 16, 22, and 38 days of storage. Radiochemical impurities of these 99mTc-labeled CUDs were determined and analyzed. The DISIDA CUDs produced 99mTc-DISIDA CUDs with acceptable radiochemical purity (90%) for up to 31 days but the GHA CUDs produced acceptable 99mTc-GHA CUDs only up to 16 days.
Feeling Like a Citizen, Living As a Denizen: Deportees’ Sense of Belonging

The implementation of restrictive immigration laws in 1997 in the United States has led to the deportation of hundreds of thousands of legal permanent residents—denizens who had made the United Sta...
Covering Undocumented Immigrants — State Innovation in California

Insuring undocumented U.S. immigrants would be a key step toward achieving universal health care coverage. In a hostile national political climate, recent legislative moves in the California legislature provide test cases for laws that could be replicated in other states.
Pool boiling with four non-ozone depleting refrigerants and comparison with previously established correlations

Abstract Four high performance fluorocarbon liquids have been investigated for their application in pool boiling. Boiling offers the ability to dissipate large amounts of heat through relatively small areas due to significant heat removal acting through the latent heat of vaporization. Perfluoro-2-methylpentane (PP1), perfluoromethylcyclopentane (PP1C), perfluoro-1,3-dimethycyclohexane (PP3), and perfluoro-2-methyl-3-ethylpentane (PP80) have been employed in a closed loop pool boiling system to determine their performance under atmospheric conditions. The critical heat flux (CHF) and maximum heat transfer coefficient (HTC) found for each was 15.6 W/cm 2 , 16.0 W/cm 2 , 13.4 W/cm 2 , and 14.2 W/cm 2 and 5.8 kW/m 2 °C, 4.8 kW/m 2 °C, 4.4 kW/m 2 °C, and 4.3 kW/m 2 °C respectively. Each fluid has been tested five times to ensure repeatability. The pool boiling results have been compared with well-established pool boiling correlations from Rohsenow and Stephan and Abdelsalam, and CHF values have been compared with Kandlikar and Zuber’s CHF correlations. All pool boiling models have shown to be reasonably accurate in their predictions. CHF models vary in accuracy depending upon fluid.
Chronic Kidney Disease: Pathophysiology and the Influence of Dietary Protein

The incidence of CKD is increasing in the United States primarily driven by the rising incidence of obesity-related disease, such as hypertension and diabetes, and shifts in age and racial demographics. The complications of CKD intensify as GFR declines, and therefore an understanding of the advantages and limitations of various methods of assessing and anticipating progression of kidney disease is important. Our discussion of the pathophysiology and treatment of patients with CKD is based on the concept that the cause of the morbidity and mortality occurring in CKD patients results from a reduced ability to excrete nitrogenous, non-nitrogen-containing metabolites and ions. It follows that restricting the precursor of treatment reduces signs and symptoms of CKD and is nutritionally safe as long as co-morbid conditions are considered. We describe how diet can influence mechanisms that contribute to the progression and complications of CKD, such as the accelerative effect of hypertension and proteinuria, abnormalities in protein metabolism and the potential role that uric acid accumulation plays in the progression of CKD. We discuss how uremic toxins in significant proportion derived from intestinal flora, contribute to dysregulation of physiologic processes and influence inflammation. Dysregulation of insulin signaling, acidosis and the development of inflammation contribute to accelerated muscle wasting, frailty and cardiovascular disease associated with CKD. Thus, it is vital to take advantage of strategies to prevent complications of CKD and delay the need for dialysis, especially since early dialysis has not been found to improve survival, clinical outcomes or quality of life.
Understanding the Insertion Pathways and Chain Walking Mechanisms of α-Diimine Nickel Catalysts for α-Olefin Polymerization: A 13C NMR Spectroscopic Investigation

Nickel α-diimine catalysts have been previously shown to perform the chain straightening polymerization of α-olefins to produce materials with melting temperatures (Tm) similar to linear low density polyethylene (Tm = 100–113 °C). Branching defects due to mechanistic errors during the polymerization currently hinder access to high density polyethylene (Tm = 135 °C) from α-olefins. Understanding the intricacies of nickel α-diimine catalyzed α-olefin polymerization can lead to improved ligand designs that should allow production of chain-straightened polymers. We report a 13C NMR study of poly(α-olefins) produced from monomers with 13C-labeled carbons—specifically 1-decene with a 13C-label in the 2-position and 1-dodecene with a 13C-label in the ω-position—using a series of α-diimine nickel catalysts. Furthermore, we developed a mathematical model capable of quantifying the resulting 13C NMR data into eight unique insertion pathways: 2,1- or 1,2- insertion from the primary chain end position (1°), the penul...
Challenges in Complementing Data from Ground-Based Sensors with Satellite-Derived Products to Measure Ecological Changes in Relation to Climate-Lessons from Temperate Wetland-Upland Landscapes.

Assessing climate-related ecological changes across spatiotemporal scales meaningful to resource managers is challenging because no one method reliably produces essential data at both fine and broad scales. We recently confronted such challenges while integrating data from ground- and satellite-based sensors for an assessment of four wetland-rich study areas in the U.S. Midwest. We examined relations between temperature and precipitation and a set of variables measured on the ground at individual wetlands and another set measured via satellite sensors within surrounding 4 km2 landscape blocks. At the block scale, we used evapotranspiration and vegetation greenness as remotely sensed proxies for water availability and to estimate seasonal photosynthetic activity. We used sensors on the ground to coincidentally measure surface-water availability and amphibian calling activity at individual wetlands within blocks. Responses of landscape blocks generally paralleled changes in conditions measured on the ground, but the latter were more dynamic, and changes in ecological conditions on the ground that were critical for biota were not always apparent in measurements of related parameters in blocks. Here, we evaluate the effectiveness of decisions and assumptions we made in applying the remotely sensed data for the assessment and the value of integrating observations across scales, sensors, and disciplines.
Ultrasound in Disaster and Pre-hospital Use

Emergency ultrasound, can be used in disasters and mass casualty incidents to rapidly evaluate and triage patients as well as provide diagnostic and procedural guidance. Equipment must be portable, multi-application, and have battery capacity. In addition to trained personel, incorporation of emergency ultrasound requires specific protocols and preparation. In the prehospital phase, ultrasound has been used in other countries and is being developed in the United States with attention to function and key applications. Training, medical direction, telemedicine, and outcomes are key management concepts as ultrasound is adopted by prehospital medical systems.
Protecting Personal Data with Blockchain Technology

Service providers depend on the ability to host, analyze, and exchange the personal data of users. Legal and contractual frameworks aim to protect the rights of users regarding this data. However, a confluence of factors render these rights difficult to guarantee. This paper evaluates the potential of blockchain technology as a mechanism for achieving transparency and accountability in the realm of personal data collection.
Modeling acoustic wave propagation and reverberation in an ice covered environment using finite element analysis

A three-dimensional, longitudinally invariant finite element model of acoustic propagation and reverberation in an ice-covered shallow water waveguide has been developed. The ice is modeled as both an elastic medium and a pressure release surface. Transmission loss levels are calculated and compared for both assumptions of ice. Using Fourier synthesis, the time-harmonic acoustic pressure results are transformed into the time domain, and reverberation levels are then compared for both models. Finally, using a fully three-dimensional version of the finite element model, compressional-to-shear wave conversion at the elastic ice and water interface is characterized to inform propagation mechanisms of acoustic waves in Arctic ice sheets. [Work supported by ONR, Ocean Acoustics and the Robert W. Young Award for Undergraduate Student Research in Acoustics.]
Turning Challenges into Opportunities: Advancing Studies of Nonprofit Organizations in China

This symposium is a collection of articles that showcases how to improve research on Chinese NPOs. We include articles that incorporate new theoretical frameworks and empirical analyses, and that draw upon novel data, such as the Research Infrastructure of Chinese Foundations (RICF). These articles provide important insights into addressing the main challenges of studying China’s NPOs – the lack of a managerial focus, and sparse empirical data which has resulted in very few research strategies. The articles in this symposium illustrate how empirical studies and increased focus on managerial issues could contribute to improving research on Chinese NPOs and help address questions of general concern in public administration. 本期专刊集合了数篇文章以展示如何推进中国非盈利组织研究。我们所选的文章涵盖了新的理论框架、实证研究、以及基于最新数据的研究，例如中国基金会研究基础数据库 (RICF)。这些文章为解决研究中国非盈利组织带来的挑战提供了重要的洞见——包括对组织管理关注的缺失和因实证数据稀缺导致的近乎单一的研究策略。本期专刊中的文章具体展现了实证研究以及对管理问题的关注对中国非盈利组织研究的贡献及其如何解决公共行政领域的重要问题。
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Prevents Photoreceptor Cell Death in rd -/- Mice by Blocking Functional Differentiation

Stress cytokines including leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) have been shown to be upregulated in the retina following injury, stress, or ischemia. It is believed that LIF and/or CNTF are expressed by Muller glial cells during periods of stress to protect the retinal neurons from cell death. Injection of LIF or CNTF either in the vitreous or sub-retinal space has been shown to be effective in blocking or delaying photoreceptor degeneration in experimental light-damage models and inherited retinal degenerative diseases. The mechanisms by which these cytokines protect photoreceptors are unknown. Recently, we have generated transgenic mice that express LIF in the lens. We have found that LIF inhibits photoreceptor maturation, and thereby protects photoreceptors from apoptosis in rd homozygous mice. LIF did not appear to alter early events in retinal differentiation such as cell fate determination, or the establishment of the laminar organization of the retina. However, LIF inhibits the expression of function-related genes in rod photoreceptors and bipolar cells. The data suggest that LIF can act as a neuroprotective agent to photoreceptors by reducing the expression of genes that are involved in the perception and response to light.
Abstract 1950: Targeted silencing of NaV1.5 channel suppresses cell proliferation and invasion in ovarian cancer cells through inhibition of PI3K/AKT and Integrinβ-1/FAK/Src axis

Ovarian cancer (OCa) is the leading cause of gynecological cancer related deaths. OCa is one of the most aggressive cancer and associated with poor prognosis and survival rates (5-year survival rates about 50%). OCa cells have highly invasive metastatic phenotype due to mutations, altered signaling pathways and deregulated of control mechanisms and patients with metastatic disease have poorer prognosis (5-year survival is 20%). The major reasons for patient death include significant intratumoral heterogeneity, early metastasis and development of resistance to currently used chemotherapeutics. Therefore, identification of novel molecular targets and therapeutics strategies are urgently needed to enhance the efficacy of current therapies and prolong patient survival. Ion channels are important signaling molecules expressed in a wide range of tissues where they have significant involvement in determining a variety of cellular functions: solute transport, volume control, enzyme activity, secretion, invasion, gene expression, excitation-contraction coupling and intercellular communication. Studies indicated that there are significant differences in the regulation and the function of ion channels between normal and cancer cells. Voltage gated sodium channels (VGSC) is a group of ion channels that has been correlated with OCa because of their higher expression in highly metastatic ovarian cancer cells. Importantly, VGSC activity contributes to many cellular behaviors integral to metastasis in breast and other cancers including OCA. In this study, we investigated the NaV1.5 as integral component of the metastatic process in human OCa. The aim of the current study was to reveal molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of NaV1.5 down-regulation and investigate the effects on OCa in vitro. In this study, the ovarian cancer cell lines (HEYA8, SKOV3-IP1, SKOV3-TR (taxol resistant)) were used. NaV1.5 and Control non-silencing small interfering RNAs (siRNA) were employed for therapy. As in vitro experiments, cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion, western blot analysis were performed. Our results showed that specific NaV1.5 siRNA treatments caused a significant reduction in cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion capacity in OCa cells (p Citation Format: Mumin Alper Erdogan, Bulent Ozpolat. Targeted silencing of NaV1.5 channel suppresses cell proliferation and invasion in ovarian cancer cells through inhibition of PI3K/AKT and Integrinβ-1/FAK/Src axis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1950.
Prevention of Lyme disease after tick bites. A cost-effectiveness analysis.

BACKGROUND: In areas of endemic disease, the probability of Lyme disease after a tick bite ranges from about 0.012 to 0.05. Early treatment with oral antibiotics prevents most complications of Lyme disease, but antibiotics are generally not prescribed until rash or other symptoms develop. METHODS: We used decision analysis to evaluate the outcomes, costs, and cost effectiveness of three alternative strategies to treat patients bitten by ixodes ticks in areas of endemic Lyme disease: empirically treat all patients with two weeks of doxycycline, treat only patients in whom erythema migrans develops, and treat only patients with erythema migrans or a positive serologic test for Lyme disease one month after exposure. RESULTS: Empirical treatment is the least expensive strategy and results in the fewest cases of Lyme disease and the fewest complications when the probability of Borrelia burgdorferi infection after a tick bite is 0.036 or higher. For probabilities of infection below 0.036, empirical therapy prevents most major complications, sequelae, and adverse events, but it incurs additional minor complications, especially as the probability of infection falls below 0.01. CONCLUSIONS: Empirical treatment of patients with tick bites is indicated when the probability of B. burgdorferi infection after a bite is 0.036 or higher, and this treatment may be preferred when the probability of infection ranges from 0.01 to 0.035. When the probability of infection after a tick bite is less than 0.01, empirical therapy is not warranted.
Passage and Behavior of Radio-tagged Adult Pacific Lampreys (Entosphenus tridentatus) at the Willamette Falls Project, Oregon

Abstract Populations of Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) in the Columbia River basin have declined and passage problems at dams are a contributing factor. We used radio telemetry to monitor the passage of adult Pacific lampreys at the Willamette Falls Project (a hydroelectric dam integrated into a natural falls) on the Willamette River near Portland, Oregon. In 2005 and 2006, fish were captured at the Project, implanted with a radio tag, and released downstream. We tagged 136 lampreys in 2005 and 107 in 2006. Over 90% of the fish returned to the Project in 7 – 9 h and most were detected from 2000 – 2300 h. In 2005, 43 fish (34%) passed the dam via the fishway, with peak passage in August. No fish passed over the falls, but 13% ascended at least partway up the falls. In 2006, 24 fish (23%) passed the Project using the fishway, with most prior to 9 June when the powerhouse was off. Although 19 lampreys ascended the falls, only two passed via this route. The time for fish to pass through the fishway...
Interleukin-17 Inhibition in a Patient With Psoriasis and Concurrent Vitiligo:

Background:Psoriasis and vitiligo are 2 autoimmune conditions that can occur concurrently in patients. At present, no single systemic therapy has been identified to be effective in treating both th...
The Effects of Education and Information Source on Consumer Awareness of Diet–Disease Relationships:

Information about diet-disease relationships provided by the news media is associated with increases in consumer awareness of these relationships. However, consumer awareness levels have declined d...
Differential sensitivity of bees to urbanization-driven changes in body temperature and water content

Predicting how species will respond to climate change and land use modification is essential for conserving organisms and maintaining ecosystem services. Thermal tolerances have been shown to have strong predictive power, but the potential importance of desiccation tolerances have been less explored in some species. Here, we report measurements of thermal and desiccation tolerances and safety margins across a gradient of urbanization, for three bee species: silky striped sweat bees (Agapostemon sericeus), western honeybees (Apis mellifera), and common eastern bumblebees (Bombus impatiens). We found significant differences in thermal tolerances, measured as critical thermal maximum (CTmax), amongst species. Bumblebees were the least sensitive to warming, with a higher CTmax (53.1 °C) than sweat bees (50.3 °C) and honeybees (49.1 °C). We also found significant differences in desiccation tolerances, measured as critical water content (CWC), between all species. Sweat bees were the least sensitive to desiccation, with the lowest CWC (51.7%), followed by bumblebees (63.7%) and honeybees (74.2%). Moreover, bumblebees and sweat bees were closer to their CTmax in more urbanized locations, while honeybees were closer to their CWC. These results suggest that bees have differential sensitivities to environmental change and managing for diverse bee communities in the face of global change may require mitigating both changes in temperature and water.
Consumer Boycotts in International Marketing: A Multidisciplinary Assessment and Review

There is no shortage of discipline-specific literature on consumer boycotts. On the other hand, there are no studies available in international marketing that specifically investigate and analyze consumer boycotts and their multidisciplinary contents and issues. Basically the literature in this area is sparse and limited. Consumer boycotts originate from consumer activism and have been around for a long time. A well-planned consumer boycott can also turn into a large-scale social movement (see Nestle's baby formula case). From firms' perspectives, consumer boycotts are menace and can bring major disruptions to multinational corporations (MNCs). Business history reveals that most of the consumer boycotts remain unpredictable in their origins and outcomes because of product/firm-specific causes (P/FSC) as well as country-specific causes (CSC). MNCs and businesses can also be penalized because of their county-of- origin (COO) and home country locations. From consumers' perspectives, product- and company-related blunders lead to consumer boycotts that are the results of corporate negligence, deception, and insensitivities. Regardless of the blame game and other complexities, consumer-based activism emanates from a multitude of factors such as consumer complaints, economic nationalism/ethnocentrism, product failures, consumer animosity, and negative publicity. Other causes are corporate blunders, consumer frustrations, social/human rights problems, and acts of war. Additional research topics and literature that relate to consumer boycotts encompass issues of activism, consumer ethnocentrism, consumer animosity, economic nationalism, product ethnicity and negative brand publicity and product harm issues. Other topics are national boundaries and border zones, national character and culture, customer revenge and avoidance, etc. There is a strong need in international marketing to understand consumer boycotts from multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives. Current literature seems to be somewhat myopic and disjointed and could be the result of limited attention to interdisciplinary investigations, discipline-specific squabbles, and philosophical differences. This paper attempts to bridge the gap by investigating and reviewing multidisciplinary issues of consumer boycotts in global marketing because of the need for cross-disciplinary interests. We included empirical and non-empirical studies based on their multidisciplinary characteristics and affiliation with other areas of social sciences. We selected those topics that have not been covered in marketing journals. The present study is one of the few attempts to bring and synthesize literature from multidisciplinary fields. The paper's major contribution is to lay the foundation for other review-based studies that may be interested in interdisciplinary discussions. Future academic research can benefit by looking at those issues that remain hidden in other disciplines.
Cost-Effectiveness of Percutaneous Lymphatic Embolization for Management of Plastic Bronchitis.

Background:Plastic bronchitis is a dreaded complication of single ventricle physiology occurring following palliation via Fontan procedure. Medical management of plastic bronchitis often fails, req...
Efficient Kalman Modeling of Multipath Wireless Channel for Secret Key Generation

This paper establishes the applicability of observable block companion form linear Kalman innovation models, for secret key generation between communicating parties (Alice and Bob) in a multipath wireless channel. First, Kalman models are identified to describe the dynamics of the channel between both users, based on real measurements of the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) corresponding to various blocks of information. Afterwards, it was verified that the innovation errors exhibited a significant randomness content, and that there was high correlation between the parameters of Alice and Bob for the same block. In addition, improved values of maximum channel capacity for secret key generation were obtained. Additional features that make innovation Kalman models an excellent alternative for secret key generation include: simplicity of implementation, high computational efficiency, excellent performance in modeling time-varying systems, and they do not require to estimate the properties of the noise.
Duodenal adenocarcinoma: neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy strategies

Introduction: Duodenal adenocarcinoma (DA) is a relatively rare gastrointestinal malignancy associated with poor outcomes. The mainstay of treatment is surgical resection with regional lymphadenect...
Gain Optimization of a Seven Element ESPAR Antenna

In this paper, we have proposed an algorithm for gain optimization of electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antennas. Typically, ESPAR antennas have a circular array of parasitic elements around a central active (driven) element. Parasitic element are loaded with the variable reactances such that the antenna beam can be steered by varying the reactance set. We have optimized gain of the ESPAR antenna by using the trust region reflective algorithm. After optimization, peak directivity of the antenna is 10.01 dBi (ϕ=0° ). Prior to the optimization, peak directivity of the antenna was 8.04 dBi (ϕ=0° ). A gain increment of 1.97 dB is achieved.
School Nutrition Policies and Practices on an American Indian Reservation: Research and Policy Considerations:

Navajo (Dine) and other American Indian children are more affected by overweight and obesity than their U.S. counterparts. In this descriptive study, the authors combined a socioecological and Navajo cultural framework to analyze the various factors that influence food choices available to children in schools. The Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 updated nutrition standards for school meals and all other foods and beverages sold in schools. Some studies have shown that improved nutrition standards were not favorably received by students and school food programs. To better understand these broader trends in a Navajo context, the researcher administered in-person surveys to 6 principals and 14 food service workers from a sample of 6 schools and performed on-site observations of two schools. Data were analyzed using a combination of descriptive statistics, matrix analysis, and thematic analysis techniques. Results showed that schools were offering more healthy food options in school lunches and that some schools were still serving unhealthy foods, such as pizza, tater tots, and French fries. Classroom and fundraising events provided other sources for low-nutrient foods and beverages. Participants had mixed responses about the updated nutrition standards, and food waste of healthy foods was a major concern. This study proposes opportunities for nurses to engage in research and advance stronger policies that increase healthy food options and limit access to less healthy foods.
Abstract WP247: Facilitating Pre-hospital Communication between Neurology and Witness Reduces IV Alteplase Initiation Times

Introduction: American Stroke Association guidelines recommend pre-hospital stroke code notification via EMS to facilitate prompt treatment decision for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Despit...
Soil Chemistry following Single-Entry, Dormant Season Prescribed Fires in the Ridge and Valley Province of Virginia, USA

In this study, mineral soil (0–10 cm depth) chemistry [pH, calcium (Ca), carbon (C), magnesium (Mg), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K)] was measured pre – and post-fire (6 and 14 months p...
E-scooters in urban infrastructure: Understanding sidewalk, bike lane, and roadway usage from trajectory data

Abstract This research considers the problem of using trajectory data in the Mobility Data Specification (MDS) standard to conduct meaningful analyses of infrastructure use by e-scooters without compromising personally identifiable information (PII). We assess the integration of e-scooters into the urban infrastructure in Austin, Texas, using trip trajectory data from an e-scooter provider company and infrastructure geographic inventory information. Our analysis uses more than eleven million location points from approximately 80,000 e-scooter trips made over a year, which accounts for 1.4 percent of the total e-scooter trips made in the city during the same period. Our results suggest that an average e-scooter trip distance is split between sidewalks (18 percent), bike lanes (11 percent), and roadways (33 percent), with 38 percent across other unclassified areas. Furthermore, approximately 60 percent of the roadway trips are made on principal arterials, and bike lane users prefer paths with medium to high level of comfort. An analysis of variance suggests that the mean speed of trips made on sidewalks is slightly lower (6 to 8 percent) than on other types of infrastructure, and weekday and AM peak hours present higher speeds. This study illustrates the potential use of trajectory data to provide insightful analysis to help understand and regulate the use of emerging mobility services on the current urban infrastructure. It also highlights the importance of providing and maintaining geographic urban inventory data. Even though our analyses were conducted using raw data points, we also discuss how partially aggregated data without PII could be used to provide similar insights, which can inform the development and extension of data sharing policies.
THE PHOSPHATASES OF HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES

Hemolysates of human erythrocytes begin to liberate inorganic phosphate as soon as they are lysed. In most cases the process takes place most rapidly at pH 9, but some preparations are about equally active over the entire range from pH 5 to pH 9. The process ceases after incubation for twenty-four hours at 37 C. Hemolysates of human erythrocytes decompose sodium β glycerophosphate and calcium hexose diphosphate about equally. For both substrates there is a well defined maximum of activity at pH 6.0. No other maxima were observed over the range from pH 4 to pH 9. There is some evidence that erythrocytes from patients with various types of anemia liberate more inorganic phosphate when lysed than do those from normal individuals.
Toward Dynamic Real-Time Informative Warning Systems

A great deal of research has been done to improve safety in the built environment. Disaster preparedness plans have been developed for a variety of situations; however, these plans often fail to convey sufficient information flow to the target audience. The literature discusses a variety of arguments that both support and limit giving information to the target audience. One of the arguments for limiting information is the assumption that people could panic and increase the difficulties at hand. Yet, a literature search for this paper indicates that target audience panics only in very rare situations. Furthermore, it shows that most people seek information about the event and that they actually try to make good decisions to ensure their survival. A system that could bring information to persons during an emergency could therefore address a variety of decision-making challenges in these tense situations. The handling of information could encompass a variety of scales: from national to urban to building scale. This paper looks into the realm of dynamic, real-time informative warning systems that deliver information to occupants of buildings during emergencies. It builds on a cognitive model for navigation in the built environment. A theoretical approach for the design of the warning message is discussed. Since this is an ongoing research project, only the results of the initial assessment will be presented here.