cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Preparation Of Multilayered X-Ray Photoabsorption Targets

Free standing targets, were produced to measure the sub-keV photoabsorption cross section. of numerous elements. The targets, were fabricated with a computer' controlled, magnetron sputter deposition. system. The targets are structured of multiple layers of a given element interspersed with layers of carbon. The purpose of the multi:layering is twofold: to improve the mechanical strength and to protect the given element from exposure to the atmosphere, using the outermost C layers as a seal. The targets are 1.9 cm in diameter' and their thicknesses, range from 160 nm to 4000 nm depending upon the element selected for the given. experiment. The total thickness of the C layers in each target is a maximum of 200 nm. The first and. last C layers (the sealing layers) are 50 nm thick and the remaining C is divided among the interspersed layers. Multilayer targets were successfully produced in which the given element was either Al, Ti, V, C7 Cr, Ni, Cu, Si, or Au. Areal density. and Rutherford backscatter measurements were performed. to accurately establish the total amount of the deposited. elements.
Marx and Simmel Revisited: Reassessing the Foundations of Conflict Theory

An examination of Karl Marx's and Georg Simmel's theories of conflict is undertaken with an eye toward assessing what they offer contemporary theorizing. The contrasting purposes, metaphysical assumptions, conceptualizations of variables, and propositions of Marx and Simmel are presented and compared. While there is some overlap in their formulations, the complementary differences in their schemes provide the broadest foundation for the sociology of conflict. Over the last thirty years a number of impressive attempts at uncovering the "laws" of social conflict have been made.' This steady progress in developing theoretical formulations has been possible because of the formative efforts of previous generations of scholars. For indeed the sociology of conflict has stood, to borrow Newton's famous acknowledgement, "on the shoulders of giants," including Hobbes, Bodin, Smith, Mill, Malthus, Marx, and Simmel. It would be foolish, of course, to ignore the significance of an expanding research literature on the development of these theories, but perhaps more than any other theoretical tradition, conflict sociology is indebted to the conceptual accomplishments of its forefathers. ' The list of theoretical efforts is long, but representative examples would include the works of Williams (1947; 1970), Mack and Snyder (1957), Schelling (1960), Boulding (1962), and Blalock (1967). This content downloaded from 157.55.39.103 on Mon, 25 Apr 2016 06:41:47 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
Southern Slavery and the Law, 1619-1860

This volume is the first comprehensive history of the evolving relationship between American slavery and the law from colonial times to the Civil War. As Thomas Morris clearly shows, racial slavery came to the English colonies as an institution without strict legal definitions or guidelines. Specifically, he demonstrates that there was no coherent body of law that dealt solely with slaves. Instead, more general legal rules concerning inheritance, mortgages, and transfers of property coexisted with laws pertaining only to slaves. According to Morris, southern lawmakers and judges struggled to reconcile a social order based on slavery with existing English common law (or, in Louisiana, with continental civil law.) Because much was left to local interpretation, laws varied between and even within states. In addition, legal doctrine often differed from local practice. And, as Morris reveals, in the decades leading up to the Civil War, tensions mounted between the legal culture of racial slavery and the competing demands of capitalism and evangelical Christianity. |A comprehensive history of the evolving relationship between American slavery and the law from colonial times to the Civil War. (Please see cloth edition, published 2/96).
Raman Study on Effects of High Pressure on the Structure of DPPC−Cholesterol Multilamellar Vesicles

Raman spectra of aqueous solutions of DPPC−cholesterol mixtures with 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mol % cholesterol are recorded at room temperature and at 60 °C within the pressure range from 1 bar to 30 kbar. In addition, at normal pressure a detailed temperature study is performed between 20 and 60 °C. Spectral parameters, such as frequencies, intensities, band shapes, and band splittings are analyzed to provide information on conformer population, reorientational fluctuations, acyl chain interactions, and phase transformation of the DPPC−cholesterol mixtures. Evidence for the formation of the new phase, orthorhombic GV phase, is provided and discussed. The correlation field splitting of the CH2 bending mode is used to discuss the structure, degree of disorder, and relative orientation of acyl chains in various phases and in the presence of cholesterol. Cholesterol induces reorientational disorder in the lipid molecules. Increased cholesterol concentration results in phase transformations being observed over ...
Discretion among Correctional Officers: The Influence of Urbanization, Age and Race

The research on correctional officers has identified a wide variety of orientations which appear relevant to their interaction with inmates. One popular view of correctional officers has rarely been the subject of empirical scrutiny. This paper examines the empirical support for the popular imagery of the veteran, white, rural guard as rigidly custodial and the more progressive young, urban, black officer. Using survey data, no support isfoundfor assumptions concerning differences by extent of urbanization or race. The effects of age are opposite those expected with interest in discretionary human service roles increasing over time.
Determination of build-up region over-response corrections for a Markus-type chamber

Over-response corrections for a widely used parallel plate ionization chamber were determined using contemporaneous measurement of build up for 4, 6, 10 and 18-MV photon beams utilizing a commercially available extrapolation chamber (PTW model 23392). The resultant over-response corrections were essentially independent of field size (5 X 5 to 30 X 30 cm) and were less for increased depth (from the surface) and higher x-ray energy. The over-response of the parallel plate chamber (Markus-type, PTW model 329) was 13.8, 10.7, 6.2 and 4.7 percent (absolute) at the surface for 4, 6, 10 and 18-MV x-ray energies. At only 2 mm depth, the over-response of the Markus chamber under investigation decreased to 50% of surface value over-response. These corrections, so derived, are applied to Markus parallel plate chamber build-up measurements by simple subtraction of the derived corrections. For example, a 6-MV percentage depth dose of 37.5% measured at the surface with the Markus chamber is reduced by 10.7% so to agree with the surface dose indicated by the PTW extrapolation chamber for this x-ray field, that is, 26.8%.
Herbivory, growth, seed production, and resprouting of an exotic invasive shrub Cytisus scoparius

Abstract Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link (Scotch broom) is a nonnative shrub species now naturalized in California, currently occupying over 250,000 ha including several protected areas. In this paper, the impact of biocontrol agents and of general herbivory on two C. scoparius populations (one in the Sierra foothills and one along the California northern coast) were assessed and the productivity characteristics, seed production, and resprouting capabilities of this exotic species were determined in the field. The growth period occurs in May/June with dieback or no growth discernable from August to March. Estimated mean total number of viable seeds/shrub/year was 9650. The number of pods and seeds produced in the drought year 1988 was an order of magnitude lower than those produced in 1987 or 1989. In spite of the introduction of biological control agents, no significant vertebrate or invertebrate herbivory was found at any life stage of the foothills population; however, vertebrate herbivory significantly decreased biomass of the northern coast C. scoparius . Cutting at the end of the dry season significantly decreased the rate of resprouting. Implications of this study for biocontrol are discussed.
Measurement of mechanical properties by ultra-low load indentation

Abstract Ultra-low load indentation, also known as nanoindentation, is a widely used tool for measuring the mechanical properties of thin films and small volumes of material. One of the great advantages of the technique is its ability to probe a surface and map its properties on a spatially resolved basis, sometimes with a resolution of better than 1 μm. In this paper, techniques for measuring mechanical properties by ultra-low load indentation techniques are reviewed and discussed. Emphasis is given to the use of sharp indenters and how they can be used to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. These fundamental mechanical properties characterize the three primary modes of deformation in solids—elasticity, plasticity, and fracture.
Factors associated with level of care assignment in substance abuse treatment

Managed-care approaches to controlling expenditures for publicly funded substance abuse treatment have proliferated in the past decade. As many as 40 states now have some type of utilization review mechanism. Many have adopted the American Society on Addiction Medicine placement criteria to assign persons to a level of care. This study examined the use of those criteria with 3,000 consecutive admissions to publicly funded treatment in Kansas and identified variables that predicted level of care assignment. For the most part, the placement domains predicted level of care as expected. However, even when controlling for the contribution of the placement domains, housing status and employment were among the best predictors of placement. These findings suggest a need for criteria that address social service as well as clinical concerns when working with vulnerable populations.
Time To Remember To Forget Dose-Intensification in Lymphoma

patients with febrile neutropenia: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 29:3977-3983, 2011 7. Klastersky J, Paesmans M, Georgala A, et al: Outpatient oral antibiotics for febrile neutropenic cancer patients using a score predictive for complications. J Clin Oncol 24:4129-4134, 2006 8. Kern WV: Risk assessment and treatment of low-risk patients with febrile neutropenia. Clin Infect Dis 42:533-540, 2006 9. Innes HE, Smith DB, O’Reilly SM, et al: Oral antibiotics with early hospital discharge compared with in-patient intravenous antibiotics for low-risk febrile neutropenia in patients with cancer: A prospective randomised controlled single centre study. Br J Cancer 89:43-49, 2003 10. Uys A, Rapoport BL, Anderson R: Febrile neutropenia: A prospective study to validate the Multinational Association of Supportive Care of Cancer (MASCC) risk-index score. Support Care Cancer 12:555-560, 2004 11. Carstensen M, Sorensen JB: Outpatient management of febrile neutropenia: Time to revise the present treatment strategy. J Support Oncol 6:199-208, 2008 12. Freifeld A, Sankaranarayanan J, Ullrich F, et al: Clinical practice patterns of managing low-risk adult febrile neutropenia during cancer chemotherapy in the USA. Support Care Cancer 16:181-191, 2008 13. Hidalgo M, Hornedo J, Lumbreras C, et al: Outpatient therapy with oral ofloxacin for patients with low risk neutropenia and fever: A prospective, randomized clinical trial. Cancer 85:213-219, 1999 14. Malik IA, Khan WA, Karim M, et al: Feasibility of outpatient management of fever in cancer patients with low-risk neutropenia: Results of a prospective randomized trial. Am J Med 98:224-231, 1995 15. Minotti V, Gentile G, Bucaneve G, et al: Domiciliary treatment of febrile episodes in cancer patients: A prospective randomized trial comparing oral versus parenteral empirical antibiotic treatment. Support Care Cancer 7:134-139, 1999 16. Rapoport BL, Sussmann O, Herrera MV, et al: Ceftriaxone plus once daily aminoglycoside with filgrastim for treatment of febrile neutropenia: Early hospital discharge vs. standard in-patient care. Chemotherapy 45:466-476, 1999 17. de Souza Viana L, Serufo JC, da Costa Rocha MO, et al: Performance of a modified MASCC index score for identifying low-risk febrile neutropenic cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 16:841-846, 2008 18. Sebban C, Dussart S, Fuhrmann C, et al: Oral moxifloxacin or intravenous ceftriaxone for the treatment of low-risk neutropenic fever in cancer patients suitable for early hospital discharge. Support Care Cancer 16:10171023, 2008 19. Klastersky J, Paesmans M, Rubenstein EB, et al: The Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer risk index: A multinational scoring system for identifying low-risk febrile neutropenic cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 18:3038-3051, 2000
CenteringPregnancy and the current state of prenatal care

Prenatal care is often credited with improving pregnancy outcomes. Yet rates of low birthweight (LBW) and prematurity have risen in recent decades, calling into question the efficacy of traditional prenatal routines. Proposals have included broadening the objectives of prenatal care beyond prevention of LBW and enriching care to provide education and support for pregnant women. CenteringPregnancy, an innovative model of prenatal care that integrates extensive health education and group support with the standard prenatal exam, incorporates many of these elements. Impediments to wider implementation of CenteringPregnancy are explored, as well as proposals for addressing these challenges.
Modeling highway vehicles with time-varying velocity

A model of the lateral and longitudinal dynamics of a highway vehicle with a time varying velocity is presented. The model describes the motion of the center of mass, the interaction between the tires and the road, and the relationship between the suspension and the pitch and roll motion. A simplified engine model is included to generate the time-varying velocity. A linear time-varying model is developed by linearizing the nonlinear model for a desired velocity trajectory. Simulation results are presented to validate the linear, time-varying model.
A 60-GHz down-converting CMOS single-gate mixer

A quadrature balanced single-gate CMOS mixer, designed to exploit the unlicensed band around 60-GHz, is presented. Also a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) modeling methodology is discussed which is suitable for the design of CMOS mm-wave active mixers. The performance of a fully-integrated mixer fabricated on a standard digital 130-nm CMOS process is given and compared to the simulations. At a radio frequency (RF) of 60 GHz, intermediate frequency (IF) of 2 GHz, and low LO power of 0 dBm, conversion loss is better than 2 dB, and an input-referred 1-dB compression point of -3.5 dBm was measured.
The structure of the breakdown front

An analytic treatment of the breakdown front is given, using a simplified set of fluid equations, and assuming the existence of a steady-state reference frame. Key quantities are derived, such as the densities at the peak and far from the peak, and the scale lengths for the main variables close to the front. These results should permit testing of computational models, which should employ a more accurate set of fluid equations, and may be useful in deriving macroscopic models which do not resolve the length scales identified.
Temperature and pH affect transglutaminase-catalyzed setting of crude fish actomyosin

Dynamic rheological properties of actomyosin from two species (Alaska pollock, Atlantic croaker) were monitored during preincubation (setting) at 25 o C and 37 o C, followed by programmed (1 o C/min) cooking to 77 o C. Added guinea pig liver transglutaminase enhanced gelation, as indicated by increases in both storage modulus (G) and percentage of polymerized myosin heavy chain (MHC). In the presence of added transglutaminase maximum G' and MHC polymerization occurred at the same conditions of pH and temperature which were optimum for setting of surimi pastes. This suggested that the transglutaminase-mediated setting reaction in surimi was constrained more by the conformation of the substrate (i.e., myosin) than by that of the enzyme
Dynamic bandwidth allocation using infinitesimal perturbation analysis

Advances in network management and switching technologies make dynamic bandwidth allocation of logical networks built on top of a physical network possible. Previous proposed dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithms are based on simplified network model. The analytical model is valid only under restrictive assumptions. Infinitesimal perturbation analysis, a technique which estimates the gradients of the functions in discrete event dynamic systems by passively observing the system, is used to estimate delay sensitivities under general traffic patterns. A new dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm using on-line sensitivity estimation is proposed. Simulation results show that the approach further improves network performance. Implementation of the proposed algorithm in operational networks is also discussed. >
Plagioclase Twin Laws in Lunar Highland Rocks: Possible Petrogenetic Significance

Plagioclases in different types of lunar highland rocks (all highly feldspathic) are twinned according to different laws and in different styles. Carlsbad and Carlsbad-albite twins, presumed to be growth twins, occur mainly in rocks which show igneous texture, and which have not been severely brecciated. These two twin laws appear to be absent from cataclastic rocks, including cataclastic anorthosite, possibly because the original twins were preferentially broken up in cataclasis (the composition plane being a plane of weakness). Pericline and lamellar albite twins, presumed to be deformation twins (except for some albite growth twins) occur in all types of rocks, and obvious deformation features, such as bending of lamellae, are well shown in many cataclastic rocks. Surprisingly, some Carlsbad and Carlsbad-albite twins are found in rocks with granoblastic texture, which presumably recrystallized in the solid state.
An MCMC algorithm for target estimation in real-time DNA microarrays

DNA microarrays detect the presence and quantify the amounts of nucleic acid molecules of interest. They rely on a chemical attraction between the target molecules and their Watson-Crick complements, which serve as biological sensing elements (probes). The attraction between these biomolecules leads to binding, in which probes capture target analytes. Recently developed realtime DNA microarrays are capable of observing kinetics of the binding process. They collect noisy measurements of the amount of captured molecules at discrete points in time. Molecular binding is a random process which, in this paper, is modeled by a stochastic differential equation. The target analyte quantification is posed as a parameter estimation problem, and solved using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique. In simulation studies where we test the robustness with respect to the measurement noise, the proposed technique significantly outperforms previously proposed methods. Moreover, the proposed approach is tested and verified on experimental data.
The dynamic controls on carbonate mineral saturation states and ocean acidification in a glacially dominated estuary

Abstract Recently, a number of studies have shown that the intrusion of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) into the ocean has created an acidification effect leading to the reduction in carbonate mineral saturation states (Ω). However, the uptake of atmospheric CO2 is not the only climate-induced phenomenon that leads to a reduction of Ω in marine environments. Over the past ∼250 years, Glacier Bay, AK (GLBA) has experienced rapid deglaciation leading to an increase in the amount of freshwater entering the marine ecosystem. This excess freshwater discharge is low in total alkalinity and reduces the buffering capacity of surface waters and enhances the vulnerability of the estuary to further reductions in pH. The corresponding reduction in Ω may cause these waters to become corrosive to shell-building organisms. To better understand these processes, we collected monthly samples within GLBA that show the variability in Ω throughout the water column. Low Ω values were well correlated with the timing of maximum glacial discharge events and most prominent within the two regions where tidewater glacial discharge was highest. The saturation state with respect to aragonite reached a minimum of 0.40 at the surface during the summer of 2011 before rebounding to a maximum value of 3.26 in the spring of 2012. Aragonite was undersaturated at the surface throughout the entire bay during fall months (Sept. and Oct.). Here, we present results from a year-long study designed to constrain the effects of glacial freshwater discharge on the marine carbonate system and discern the primary controls on Ω in this pristine estuarine environment. 1
Axiomatic multi-transport bargaining: a quantitative method for dynamic transport selection in heterogeneous multi-transportwireless environments

Transport selection mechanisms are designed to facilitate seamless connectivity in heterogeneous multi-transport environments, allowing access to the "best" available transport according to user requirements. Evaluating transport configurations dynamically according to the user's preferences and quality of service (QoS) requirements is a challenging task. This paper describes a quantitative approach that applies the Utility Theorem and Nash's Bargaining solution to heterogeneous wireless environments. The mathematical model presented generates and adjusts the transport preference list dynamically depending on the degree to which a transport satisfies user preferences and the application's QoS requirements. We incorporate a negotiation engine using the axiomatic multi-transport bargaining algorithm to integrate local and remote users' requirements in a mutually beneficial manner as devices are connected via a peer-to-peer link. The transport selection model discussed in this paper is computationally light with modest communication overhead, making it suitable for mobile devices
Efficient type and memory safety for tiny embedded systems

We report our experience in implementing type and memory safety in an efficient manner for sensor network nodes running TinyOS: tiny embedded systems running legacy, C-like code. A compiler for a safe language must often insert dynamic checks into the programs it produces; these generally make programs both larger and slower. In this paper, we describe our novel compiler toolchain, which uses a family of techniques to minimize or avoid these run-time costs. Our results show that safety can in fact be implemented cheaply on low-end 8-bit microcontrollers.
Gauss-Seidel Limb Scattering (GSLS) radiative transfer model development in support of the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) Limb Profiler mission

Abstract. The Gauss–Seidel limb scattering (GSLS) radiative transfer (RT) model simulates the transfer of solar radiation through the atmosphere and is imbedded in the retrieval algorithm used to process data from the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) limb profiler (LP), which was launched on the Suomi NPP satellite in October 2011. A previous version of this model has been compared with several other limb scattering RT models in previous studies, including Siro, MCC++, CDIPI, LIMBTRAN, SASKTRAN, VECTOR, and McSCIA. To address deficiencies in the GSLS radiance calculations revealed in earlier comparisons, several recent changes have been added that improve the accuracy and flexibility of the GSLS model, including 1. improved treatment of the variation of the extinction coefficient with altitude, both within atmospheric layers and above the nominal top of the atmosphere; 2. addition of multiple-scattering source function calculations at multiple solar zenith angles along the line of sight (LOS); 3. introduction of variable surface properties along the limb LOS, with minimal effort required to add variable atmospheric properties along the LOS as well; 4. addition of the ability to model multiple aerosol types within the model atmosphere. The model improvements 1 and 2 are verified by comparison to previously published results (using standard radiance tables whenever possible), demonstrating significant improvement in cases for which previous versions of the GSLS model performed poorly. The single-scattered radiance errors that were as high as 4% in earlier studies are now generally reduced to 0.3%, while total radiance errors generally decline from 10% to 1–3%. In all cases, the tangent height dependence of the GSLS radiance error is greatly reduced.
Effect of endplate calcification and mechanical deformation on the distribution of glucose in intervertebral disc: a 3D finite element study

The intervertebral disc (IVD) is avascular, receiving nutrition from surrounding vasculature. Theoretical modelling can supplement experimental results to understand nutrition to IVD more clearly. A new, 3D finite element model of the IVD was developed to investigate effects of endplate calcification and mechanical deformation on glucose distributions in IVD. The model included anatomical disc geometry, non-linear coupling of cellular metabolism with pH and oxygen concentration and strain-dependent properties of the extracellular matrix. Calcification was simulated by reducing endplate permeability (∼79%). Mechanical loading was applied based on in vivo disc deformation during the transition from supine to standing positions. Three static strain conditions were considered: supine, standing and weight-bearing standing. Minimum glucose concentrations decreased 45% with endplate calcification, whereas disc deformation led to a 4.8-63% decrease, depending on the endplate condition (i.e. normal vs. calcified). Furthermore, calcification more strongly affected glucose concentrations in the nucleus compared to the annulus fibrous region. This study provides important insight into nutrient distributions in IVD under mechanical deformation.
Tunable external cavity laser with a stationary MEMS grating

A tunable external cavity laser is demonstrated which uses a deformable MEMS grating as the tuning element. Unlike conventional systems, it has no mechanical motion except for the deformation of the MEMS grating surface
Determining unmet, adequately met, and overly met needs for health care and services for persons living with HIV/AIDS in Mississippi

A statewide needs assessment of persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) was conducted to determine what is known about access to care, utilization of services, and perceived barriers to receiving care and services. Our objective was to determine which needs were being met or unmet among PLWHA in Mississippi to provide a better understanding of how effectively to allocate funding to provide for the needs of that group. In this cross-sectional study, a true random sample of PLWHA in Mississippi was interviewed in 2005-2006. Questions were asked to identify opinions about respondents' experiences with 23 health care services and 30 public or private assistance services. The kappa statistic was used to measure agreement between level of services needed and level of services provided. Services with the lowest kappa scores revealed which services were being either mostly unmet, or even overly met. Greatest service needs were HIV viral load test, Pap smear, CD4/T-cell count test, and medication for HIV/AIDS, which were reasonably well met. The most significantly unmet needs were dental care and dental exams, eye care and eye exams, help paying for housing, subsidized housing assistance, mental health therapy or counseling, access to emotional support groups, and job placement or employment. Overly met services included medical care at a physician's office or clinic and free condoms. This study identified needs perceived to be significantly unmet by PLWHA, as well as areas that were perceived to be adequately or overly met. This information may be used to target areas with the greatest impact for improvement and provide insight into how to effectively allocate health care resources and public/private assistance.
Micromechanical electrostatic voltmeter

The prototype for a microminiature, noncontacting electrostatic voltmeter (ESV) is discussed. The ESV works on the principle of intermittent shuttering and exposing a sensing electrode to an electric field between a remote electrode at a different potential from the sensing electrode. The resultant time-varying field at the electrode produces an electrical signal which can be used to monitor the remote voltage. The prototype ESVs hat have been made and tested have electrostatic-comb drives and shutters with areas ranging from 0.022 to 0.067 mm/sup 2/ that are suspended roughly 2 mu m above the surface of the silicon substrate. Initial tests on ESVs showed them to respond to voltages above 20 V for electrodes spaced 0.2 mm away. Sensitivity is expected to be greatly improved by redesigns that are already being investigated. >
A Method for Facilitating Controversial Social Change in Organizations Branch Rickey and the Brooklyn Dodgers

Leading social change in organizations is a difficult and politically dangerous balancing act. These risks increase if the social change in question directly challenges accepted societal and organizational norms. This article examines the racial integration of the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team as an example of a successful social change that challenged organizational and societal norms. The seven-step method used by Dodgers general manager, Branch Rickey, was guided by an understanding of the social implications of integration. Rickey's method also relied on an awareness of the differing perspectives of important stakeholders. This article pays particular attention to the linking and sequencing of action learning strategies used during the change.
Three-dimensional analysis for hospital operating room thermal comfort and contaminant removal

This paper presents a three-dimensional analysis for thermal comfort and contaminant removal in a hospital operating room. The room model includes a patient lying on an operating table, four surgical staff members standing around, and surgical lights above the patient. Cold clean air is supplied to the room through high sidewall grilles and exhausted through low sidewall grilles on the opposite wall. Steady-state heat and mass transfer in the room are simulated by employing computational fluid dynamics modeling approach. Solutions of the distribution of airflow velocity, temperature, relative humidity, and contaminant concentration are presented and discussed. The simulation results show a good agreement with experimental data from the literature. The predicted mean vote (PMV) is calculated for assessing thermal comfort of the occupants. The contaminant removal effectiveness (CRE) and the mean contaminant concentration in the breathing zone are used to assess the ventilation performance of the room. Effects of horizontal locations of supply and exhaust grilles on thermal comfort and contaminant removal are explored. Regression models for thermal comfort and contaminant removal as functions of these locations are built for design optimization. It is found that an overall better performance can be achieved by placing the supply grilles closer to the vertical centerline of the wall while the location of the exhaust grilles is somewhat insignificant.
Phase-Locked Loops

A phase-locked loop (PLL) is an electronic system which synchronizes an internal oscillator, in frequency and phase, with an external signal. As brought out below, the PLL is extremely useful for signal processing and signal synthesis [41]. PLLs have been used extensively in the electronic tuning of radios and in the signal processing within TVs. Today, PLLs are key building blocks of frequency synthesizers and clock generators and are used in all communication circuits [42], [43].
Digital Computers for Water Resources Investigations

Digital computing equipment is now being used by the U.S. Geological Survey to analyze published streamflow data and to process data obtained in connection with water-loss studies. Basic streamflow data are to be recorded in the field on punched paper tape.
Service Dogs in the Hospital: Helpful or Harmful? A Case Report and Clinical Recommendations

Received November 8, 2015; revised December 24, 2015; accepted December 28, 2015. From Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,University ofWashington, Seattle,WA(LDP, JMC,AND). Send correspondence and reprint requests to Laurel Pellegrino, M.D., Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195; e-mail: lpelleg1@uw.edu & 2016 The Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Introduction
Vector magneto-optical generalized ellipsometry on passivated permalloy slanted columnar thin films

Vector magneto-optical generalized ellipsometry on passivated ferromagnetic permalloy slanted columnar thin films is reported. The nanostructured thin film was grown by electron-beam glancing angle deposition and subsequently coated with a thin Al2O3 layer by atomic layer deposition. Magneto-optical generalized ellipsometry data have been acquired while an external magnetic field H with constant amplitude was rotated with respect to the sample (spatial hysteresis loops). The magneto-optical coupling parameters, which are proportional to the sample magnetization M, reveal intriguing anisotropic magnetic behavior of the slanted columnar thin film. Three-dimensional graphs of the magneto-optical coupling parameters with respect to spatial hysteresis loops shown here are representative for the sample magnetization.
The Mycorrhiza of Zeuxine Strateumatica

1. Rhizoctonia mucoroides has been shown to be the mycorrhizal associate of Zeuxine strateumatica in Florida.2. Seeds of Zeuxine strateumatica sown on cultures of Rhizoctonia mucoroides growing on ...
Please Don't Abuse the Models: The Use of Experimental Design in Model Building

Human factors professionals strive to create effective system design by ensuring that the capabilities and limitations of the human operator are a primary design consideration. By demonstrating the effect of various design decisions concerning the human operator on system performance early in the development cycle, resulting recommendations may be adopted to enhance system performance. To achieve this goal, human performance modeling tools are used. One of the common misconceptions about modeling is that a model alone will impact design. A model is merely a building block within an analysis. An influential analysis incorporates the principles of experimental design, the power of predictive modeling and the varying system design requirements to produce results that empower program managers to make informed decisions regarding system design. Analysts at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory have successfully influenced the conceptual design of several manned ground vehicles by recognizing this difference.
The Independent Payment Advisory Board — Congress's “Good Deed”

In establishing the Independent Payment Advisory Board (IPAB), Congress may have shown a rare willingness to abstain from meddling in matters it is poorly equipped to manage. It is too early to be sure, however, and the board must surmount major challenges.
Demographically corrected normative data for the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised in an elderly sample

Demographic variables, such as age, education, and gender, routinely affect performance on neuropsychological tests. Whereas normative data are available to correct for these variables on many tests, data are lacking on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), especially in the elderly. The current study examined the influence of age, education, and gender on HVLT-R and BVMT-R scores in 290 cognitively intact older adults. Age negatively correlated with nearly every score on the HVLT-R and BVMT-R, and education positively correlated with most scores on these same 2 memory tests. There were fewer gender differences on these tests. Using stepwise multiple regression, HVLT-R and BVMT-R scores were predicted from age, education, and/or gender. When observed scores are compared to these demographically adjusted predicted scores, clinicians can make assumptions about how an individual compared to his/her age-, education-, and gender-matched peers. The current conorming of these 2 memory tests also allows for direct comparison between verbal and visual memory in older patients.
The Statistical Module of Subassembly Product Cycle Time Based on BOM

On the basis of statistic and analysis of the part and subassembly samples,it makes the product cycle time with time conception and the manufacture enterprises M-BOM combined,constructs the enterprise manufacture cycle time BOM named EM-BOM.Then the EM-BOM is unwrapped backward,and becomes an active on edges network without ring but direction,whose edges mean the parts or subassembly's manufacture activities.Based on the CPM it gets the statistic module of the product expectation cycle time,shows the statistic results by bill tree and list,which supplies some effective data support for shortening the product delivering process and improving the production management.
Observation on efficacy of Yitanjing on children with lower respiratory tract infection

Objective:To observe the clinical effects of Yitanjing on children with lower respiratory tract infection.Methods:The 100 patients with lower respiratory tract infection were divided into Yitanjing solution treated group and control group at random and the curative effects were observed.Results:The clinical efficacy of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group(P 0.05),there is no evident side effect in treatment.Conclusions:Yitanjing can be used to treat children with lower respiratory tract infection.
Adaptive Attitude Decoupling Control for High-dynamic Near Space Flying Vehicles

The motion model of high-dynamic near space vehicles is a multivariable nonlinear time-variant uncertain system.The traditional three-channel independent design method is no longer useful because it is based on little disturbance linearization theory and fundamental hypothesis of coefficient freezing method.Instead of that,a nonlinear design method is necessary which is fit for multivariable nonlinear time-variant uncertain plant.Based on differential geometry method and modern control theory,this paper suggested an approach of neural networks adaptive feedback linearization.The errors of precision linearization feedback matrix between actual model and nominal model were estimated by FCMAC neural network and the feedback linearization model was modified.It effectively solved the limitation of feedback linearization that needs accurate mathematic model.The difficult problems of attitude decoupling control on high-mach,large airspace and large angle mobile condition were solved.The results of simulation on the condition of 30% aerodynamic interference show that the overshoot of decoupling control system is less than 7%,residual degree of channel cross decoupling is less than 1°,and the design can meet the control requirement for this kind of flying vehicles.
Analysis and Prospect on Development Patterns of China’s Power Transmission Network in Future

The development ideas of power grid in Europe and America are presented and the inspirations that could be leant from these development ideas for China’s power grid development in future are pointed out.Based on the predicted results of power sources and load in China in future,the possible power stream patterns in 2020,2030 and 2050 are analyzed,and the development patterns of China’s power transmission networks in 2020 and 2030 are predicted and the development pattern of China’s power transmission networks in 2050 is prospected.On this basis,it is pointed out that the nationwide interconnection of power grids in China is an inexorable trend.In 2020 and 2030,China’s power grids will be mainly developed in the pattern of EHV/UHV AC/DC hybrid transmission network,and in 2050 there will possibly coexist three development patterns,namely the AC/DC EHV/UHV hybrid power transmission mode,the superconducting backbone network and the matching pattern between power source and load.Finally,the requirement on key technologies for China’s power network development in future is summarized.
The Measurement of Androgen Receptors in Human Prostatic Tissue Utilizing Sucrose Density Centrifugation and a Protamine Precipitation Assay

Methods have been established for the measurement of androgen receptors in the cytosol and crude nuclear extract of human prostatic tissue using sucrose density gradient centrifugation and a protamine precipitation assay. These studies have demonstrated the presence of a high affinity, heat labile protein that binds preferentially to dihydrotestosterone and that is present only in androgen target tissues. In studies of prostatic tissue from 15 patients sucrose density gradient centrifugation appeared more sensitive than the protamine precipitation assay in the identification of androgen receptors. These findings appear promising and suggest that in the near future a reliable assay may be available for the measurement of androgen receptors in prostatic carcinoma.
Proton NMR Spectroscopy of Model Hemes

Hemes and heme proteins are vital components of essentially every cell of every living organism. Their roles in cells include 1 the transport of dioxygen in the red blood cells of higher animals (hemoglobin); 2 the storage of dioxygen in the muscles of higher animals (myoglobin); 3 the transport of electrons in the respiratory chains of organisms as diverse as bacteria, yeasts, algae, plants, and animals, and in photosynthetic cells from those of the simplest photosynthetic bacteria to those of higher plants (cytochromes a, b, c, d, f); 4 synthesis, modification and degradation of fatty acids, steroid and adrenal hormones, anesthetics and xenobiotics (cytochromes P-450); 5 activation and metabolism of hydrogen peroxide (peroxidases, myeloperoxidase, haloperoxidases, catalases, etc.); and 6 metabolism of the oxides of nitrogen and sulfur (nitrite reductase, sulfite oxidase, etc.).
Human sterol 14α-demethylase as a target for anticancer chemotherapy: Towards structure-aided drug design

Rapidly multiplying cancer cells synthesize greater amounts of cholesterol to build their membranes. Cholesterol-lowering drugs (statins) are currently in clinical trials for anticancer chemotherapy. However, given at higher doses, statins cause serious side effects by inhibiting the formation of other biologically important molecules derived from mevalonate. Sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51), which acts 10 steps downstream, is potentially a more specific drug target because this portion of the pathway is fully committed to cholesterol production. However, screening a variety of commercial and experimental inhibitors of microbial CYP51 orthologs revealed that most of them (including all clinical antifungals) weakly inhibit human CYP51 activity, even if they display high apparent spectral binding affinity. Only one relatively potent compound, (R)-N-(1-(3,4′-difluorobiphenyl-4-yl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl)-4-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamide (VFV), was identified. VFV has been further tested in cellular experiments and found to decrease proliferation of different cancer cell types. The crystal structures of human CYP51-VFV complexes (2.0 and 2.5 A) both display a 2:1 inhibitor/enzyme stoichiometry, provide molecular insights regarding a broader substrate profile, faster catalysis, and weaker susceptibility of human CYP51 to inhibition, and outline directions for the development of more potent inhibitors.
Parameter specification for the degree distribution of simulated Barabási–Albert graphs

Abstract The degree distribution of a simulated Barabasi–Albert graph under linear preferential attachment is investigated. Specifically, the parameters of the power law distribution are estimated and compared against the theoretical values derived using mean field theory. Least squares method and MLE-nonparametric method were utilized to estimate the distribution parameters on 1000 simulated Barabasi–Albert graphs for edge parameter m ∈ { 2 , 4 , 6 } and size n ∈ { 2 k : k = 5 , 6 , … , 14 , 15 } . Goodness of fit metrics were computed on a second set of simulated graphs for the median of the estimated parameters and other hypothetical values for the distribution parameters. The results suggest that the distribution of the parameters from simulated graphs are significantly different from the theoretical distribution and is also dependent on m . Further results confirm the finding that the parameter of the power law distribution, β , increases as m increases.
Stabilizing a Potentially Unstable Two-Port

Criteria for evaluating the stability of a two-port (primarily a single active device) based on the [v,i] terminal parameter sets have been known for years [1]. More recently, Bodway [2] expressed the stability criteria in terms of the S-parameter matrix. Smith developed his chart and published a useful and thorough treatment of his work [3]. However, Smith's rectangular coordinate system origin does not coincide with the center of the chart. White [4] presents the equations for the general contours of the Smith Chart in a easily understood translated coordinate system with its origin at the center of the unity radius chart. This paper brings together the prior work [2,4] and presents a set of equations for finding the real (r and g) circles in the stable operation portion of the Smith Chart and the necessary and sufficient conditions for their existence. A seemingly complicated problem is reduced to simple algebra by a novel change of variables which also highly simplifies the complexity of the expressions manipulated to achieve the desired results.
CRT-600.08 Treatment Of Severe Hypertriglyceridemia (500 - ≥ 2000 Mg/dl) In 405 Patients

To identify variables contributing to HTG and assess success of TG lowering therapy in 405 patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) (500-≥2000 mg/dL). 405 patients with HTG were assessed for diagnosis and treatment. Initial lifestyle modifications were fat free diet if TG was >2000 mg/dL