cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the deformation mechanisms in the intermetallic compounds Al3Ti and Al3V

Abstract The factors influencing the deformation mechanisms in the intermetallic compounds Al3Ti and Al3V have been studied. As previously reported, plastic deformation of the former compound involves micro-twinning and glide of partial dislocations with Burgers vectors b given by ½〈110〉 on {001) producing ribbons of antiphase domain boundaries (APBs). In contrast, for Al3V these mechanisms are not activated and it has been determined that deformation is effected mainly by glide of dislocations with b = 〈110] on . It is proposed that this difference in behaviour is due to the relative stability of the DO22 crystal structure against the Cu3Ti-type structure (micro-twinning) and DO23 (APBs on the basal planes). It is suggested that increased ductility in these types of compounds may be realized by alloying with elements which reduce the energy difference between the DO22 and Cu3Ti-type crystal structures for these compounds.
Do Men Overperceive Women’s Sexual Interest?

Substantial evidence comparing men's perceptions of women's sexual intentions with women's own reports of their sexual intentions has shown a systematic pattern of results that has been interpreted as support for the idea that men overestimate women's true sexual intentions. However, because women's true sexual intentions cannot be directly measured, an alternative interpretation of the existing data is that women understate their sexual intentions and that men's assessments of women's intentions are generally accurate. In three studies, we (a) replicated the typical sex difference in sexual-intent ratings, (b) showed that men maintain their ratings of women's sexual intentions even when incentivized to tell the truth, and (c) showed that women believe that other women are understating their sexual intentions in self-report measures. Taken together, these results imply that men might be accurate in perceiving and reporting women's sexual intentions and that men might be managing errors through biased behavior rather than biased beliefs.
Nadifloxacin: a quinolone for topical treatment of skin infections and potential for systemic use of its active isomer, WCK 771

Nadifloxacin is a potent, broad-spectrum, quinolone agent approved for topical use in acne vulgaris and skin infections in Japan. As exposure of pathogenic and colonising bacteria to antibiotics results in drug resistance, it is not desirable to use an important, broad-spectrum antibiotic, which belongs to a class of agents widely used systemically to treat a wide variety of infections, as a topically applied preparation. On this basis, nadifloxacin is not a good option for topical treatment of acne when other effective non-antibiotic treatments are available. Nadifloxacin has potential as a topical agent for short-term treatment of skin infections. The arginine salt of its (-)-(S)-isomer is being developed as a parenteral agent based on its potency against methicillin and quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Stealing money: An assessment of bank embezzlers

This study sought to construct a profile of a contemporary bank embezzler using data from the U.S. Probation Office in Denver on 62 persons adjudicated guilty of embezzlement. The typical embezzler was a 26-year-old, married, Caucasian female having a high school education, earning less than $10,000 annually and working in an entry level position for less than one year. Embezzlers tended to commit their crimes alone, stealing less than $5,000 for a period under a year. The most frequently reported motivation for the defalcation was a marital or family problem, with most offenders using the embezzled funds to pay off personal debts. Significant differences in amount embezzled were found by race, education, job position, length of employment, duration of embezzlement, and involvement of an accomplice.
Film properties and integration of a variety of FSG films

FSG films were deposited using a wide variety of manufacturing processes employing PECVD, HDP-CVD with both SiH/sub 4/-based and TEOS-based chemistries. Physical and chemical properties were compared for blanket films, and parametric and defect analysis was performed on integrated circuit test structures. Blanket wafer results indicate that the TEOS-based films had the best stability.
Evaluation of the Cardiovascular and Subjective Effects of Rivastigmine In Combination With Methamphetamine in Methamphetamine-Dependent Human Volunteers

Acetylcholine (ACh) has been implicated in the reinforcing and locomotor activating effects produced by methamphetamine. Of interest, recent data suggest that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors attenuate methamphetamine-seeking behavior in rats. We conducted this study in order to determine the safety (adverse events, mood changes, cardiovascular effects) and preliminary efficacy (subjective effects) of the AChE inhibitor rivastigmine when tested in combination with methamphetamine. Twenty-three non-treatment seeking methamphetamine-dependent participants resided in an inpatient unit at UCLA for two-weeks, and completed this double-blind, between-subjects, placebo-controlled study. Prior to randomization to study drug, infusions of saline (day 4; o mg) and methamphetamine (day 5; 30 mg, IV) were given to all participants at 11:30 a.m. in single-blinded fashion. On day 7 and continuing through day 11, participants were randomized to receive oral placebo (0 mg, N=7) or rivastigmine (1.5 mg, N=7; 3 mg, N=9). On day 11, the subjects received saline and methamphetamine infusions again (randomized to either 11:30 a.m. or 2:30 p.m.), under double-blind conditions. The data analyses compared across-study measures of adverse events and mood, and a post-randomization analysis of cardiovascular and subjective effects (on Day 11). The data reveal that rivastigmine was not associated with increased adverse events or alterations in mood. As expected, acute methamphetamine exposure (30 mg, IV) increased heart rate and blood pressure, as well as several positive subjective effects, ARCI ratings, and reported monetary value (p<0.05). The data indicated that rivastigmine, at 3 mg, significantly attenuated methamphetamine-induced increases in diastolic blood pressure, and self-reports of “anxious” and “desire” (p<0.05). Taken together, the findings in the current report suggest that pharmacological manipulations that enhance brain ACh warrant continued investigation as potential treatments for methamphetamine addiction.
Mixed Layer Temperature Balance on Intraseasonal Timescales in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean

Abstract The purpose of this study is to document the zonal evolution of processes affecting sea surface temperature (SST) variability on intraseasonal timescales in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Data primarily from the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO) array of moored buoys are used, focusing on four sites along the equator with decade-long time series. These sites are located in the western Pacific warm pool (165°E), the eastern Pacific equatorial cold tongue (110° and 140°W), and the transition zone between these two regions (170°W). Results indicate that SST variability on intraseasonal timescales is most significantly influenced by local surface heat fluxes in the western Pacific (165°E), zonal advection in the central Pacific (170°W), and vertical advection and entrainment in the eastern Pacific (110° and 140°W). East of the date line, oceanic equatorial Kelvin waves strongly mediate dynamical processes controlling intraseasonal SSTs variations, while surface fluxes tend to damp these dynamically gene...
Kickbacks Versus Professional Ethics

Recent exposes of extortion, bribery, and kickback schemes involving engineers and politicians have highlighted the need for increased ethical conduct activies within the engineering profession and for additional legislation in all jurisdictions to control such abuses. Within the engineering profession, suggestions have been made for stepped-up enforcement of codes of ethics, the inclusion of rules of professional conduct in professional engineering licensing regulations, and additional education in ethical and professional behavior. Several avenues of legislative activity aimed at correcting such abuses have also been suggested. These include requirements of full disclosure of all political contributions, criminal and civil penalties for the improper awarding of design contracts, the use of designer selection boards and other mechanisms for the improvement of the professional selection process, public announcement of all projects, and stiffer conflict of interest laws. In some of these efforts cooperative action among engineers and with the citizenry in general will be required for the achievement of desired goals.
Evaluating Evaluation Metrics for Minimalist Parsing

In response to Kobele et al. (2012), we evaluate four ways of linking the processing difficulty of sentences to the behavior of the top-down parser for Minimalist grammars developed in Stabler (2012). We investigate the predictions these four metrics make for a number of relative clause constructions, and we conclude that at this point, none of them capture the full range of attested patterns.
Abstract 456: Hypercholesterolemia Induced by a PCSK9 Gain-of-function Mutation Augments AngII-induced AAAs in C57BL/6 Mice

Objective: Angiotensin II (AngII)-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have increased incidence in hyper- versus normocholesterolemic mice. The purpose of this study was to determine whether infection of C57BL/6 mice with an adeno-associated viral vector (AAV) expressing a gain-of-function mutation of mouse proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) to induce hypercholesterolemia would augment AngII-induced AAAs. Methods and Results: Male C57BL/6 mice (8 weeks old; The Jackson Laboratory) were assigned randomly to groups infected with AAVs containing either an empty vector or a mouse PCSK9 gain-of-function (D374Y) mutation. Mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of AAV (n=10/group at a dosage of 10 x 1010 genomic copies/mouse) and were fed a saturated fat-enriched diet for 6 weeks. Two weeks after AAV injection, mice were infused with AngII (1,000 ng/kg/min) for 28 days. Plasma PCSK9 concentrations were increased profoundly 2 weeks after injection of AAVs containing the PCSK9 mut...
Pressures toward conformity in group discussion

(1958). Pressures toward conformity in group discussion. Quarterly Journal of Speech: Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 50-55.
Russian Consumer Perceptions of Foreign and Domestic Consumer Goods: An Analysis of Country-of-Origin Stereotypes with Implications for Promotions and Positioning

Although Russia is continually in the news, reliable information relating to the consumer behavior of Russian citizens is not available. Despite ongoing turmoil, free market economies should eventually emerge in Russia. In fact, Russia could represent one of the next major growth opportunities for U.S. exporters. This study evaluated Russian consumers perceptions toward domestic, German, Japanese and U.S. products. Russian consumer perceptions of “country-of-origin” characteristics differed significantly on 13 perceptual dimensions. Implications for strategic promotion and competitive positioning of U.S. goods in Russia are presented.
Evaluation of targeted therapeutics in cell lines and patient samples by quantifying signal transduction and protein levels

AACR Centennial Conference: Translational Cancer Medicine-- July 20-23, 2008; Monterey, CA A7 In the rapidly emerging field of targeted therapy and translational medicine there is a strong need to find the right techniques to evaluate relevant endpoints at the bench and the bedside. Laboratory model systems, by design, are more homogenous, controlled and capable of generating large amounts of material for analysis. As treatment strategies and compounds move through the development pipeline toward the clinic, the systems in which they are being evaluated become more and more complex. Ideally, this fact can be addressed by focusing only on the specific targeted cells. For complex tissues, techniques such as cell sorting or laser capture micro-dissection (LCM) are being employed to parse out the different cell populations to address the concern of sample heterogeneity. While these techniques are well suited for nucleic acid analysis due to the ability to amplify the sample, these methods diminish overall material amounts and thus sampling ability of proteins. Since most pathologies are driven by dysfunctional expression or activity of proteins, and a majority of new therapies are targeted at these protein levels and/or activities, there is tremendous need for high fidelity, quantitative analysis techniques at the protein level. Here we describe applications using a nano-immunoassay platform (Firefly) that address these needs by sampling as few as 25 cells, separating non-phospho- from phospho-isoforms and quantitating absolute protein levels and activity. Data will be presented showing that the high content isoform distribution of proteins can potentially act as a predictive biomarker for targeted therapy response in chronic myelogeneous leukemia. Additionally, application of the platform to cell signaling pathway analysis in primary tumor stem cells and tumor populations dissected by LCM from heterogeneous biopsies will be shown.
Embodied Space(s) Anthropological Theories of Body, Space, and Culture

Embodied space is the location where human experience and consciousness takes on material and spatial form. After identifying the inherent difficulties in defining the body, body space, and cultural explanations of body experience, the author traces the evolution of approaches to embodied space including proxemics, phenomenological understandings, spatial orientation, and linguistic dimensions. Embodied space is presented as a model for understanding the creation of place through spatial orientation, movement, and language.
On a New Variant of Tissue P Systems

In this paper, we introduce a new variant of tissue P systems, one class of P systems. The P systems we define improve the original design of the systems. They permit parallelism in rules application on channels (links, or synapses in biology), by which the running efficiency of the systems can be enhanced. We give the formal definition of our tissue P systems, describe their execution mechanism, and then give an initial analysis of their computational power. Also we illustrate the running of our P systems by a typical example.
324 LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE-MEDIATED FATTY ACID METABOLISM IN THE SPLANCHNIC BED.

It is generally believed that the role of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which resides on the capillary endothelium, is to mediate transport and storage of lipoprotein triglyceride fatty acids locally in tissues. However, LPL could also contribute to circulating plasma free fatty acids (FFA) if, instead of in situ transport and storage, there were “spillover” of LPL-generated fatty acids into blood. We have previously reported ≈14% fractional spillover in the forearm of postabsorptive subjects. The present study was undertaken to determine the efficiency of triglyceride storage in the splanchnic bed and the contribution of the splanchnic bed to whole-body triglyceride disposal. We studied postabsorptive overweight and obese, non-diabetic adults (N = 6) after an overnight fast. Infusions of tracer amounts of [1-14 C]oleate and a lipid emulsion labeled with [9,10-3H]triolein were started, allowing 2 hours to establish isotope equilibrium. Blood sampling catheters were placed in the femoral artery (A) and hepatic vein (HV); paired A and HV samples were then taken every 10 min for 40 min. Systemic and splanchnic rate of appearance (Ra) of [3 H]oleate, resulting from the action of LPL on the infused triglyceride tracer, was quantified by a calculation in which [14 C]oleate is the tracer and [3 H]oleate is the tracee. Fractional spillover of LPL-generated fatty acids was calculated as the Ra of [3 H]oleate divided by the disappearance rate of the [3 H]triglyceride tracer, both for whole body and for the splanchnic bed. Indocyanine green was infused for determination of splanchnic blood flow. Plasma FFA concentrations were lower in HV than in A (533 ± 78 vs 805 ± 128 μmol/L, p
Growth Factor Requirement for Survival in Cell-Cycle Dormancy of Primitive Murine Lymphohematopoietic Progenitors

We used enriched marrow cells from mice administered three doses of 150 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 1, 3 and 7 days before they were killed to study the effects of different growth factors on the survival of primitive, cell-cycle dormant progenitors in culture. This cell population yielded substantially fewer colonies in response to single growth factors than corresponding preparations from day 2 post-5-FU bone marrow samples, and the majority of progenitors were multipotential in nature. These observations were consistent with the prediction that multiple cycles of 5-FU treatment would further enrich for primitive cells. With this cell population, we found that among all the factors tested, interleukin-3 (IL-3) and steel factor (SF) as single factors are the most effective in supporting survival of dormant primitive progenitors. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte colony- stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin-11 (IL-11), interleukin-4 (IL- 4), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) also supported survival of a few progenitors, but much less effectively than either IL-3 or SF. The hematopoietic progenitors that survived for 1 week in liquid culture supplemented with either IL-3 or SF retained the capability to develop pre-B-cell colonies in secondary culture. Our results demonstrate that survival of dormant murine lymphohematopoietic cells in culture is dependent on the presence of specific growth factors, and that this growth factor requirement can be satisfied well by SF or IL-3.
Primary prevention of coronary arterial thrombosis with the factor Xa inhibitor rTAP in a canine electrolytic injury model.

The antithrombotic efficacies of the coagulation factor Xa inhibitor recombinant tick anticoagulant peptide (rTAP) and heparin were compared in a canine model of left circumflex (LCX) coronary artery electrolytic lesion. Intravenous infusions of saline (controls), rTAP (50 μg/kg/min continuous infusion) or heparin (200 U/kg bolus followed by 2 U/kg/min continuous infusion) were started 60 min prior to the initiation of LCX coronary artery electrolytic injury (150 μA continuous anodal current). All 6/6 saline-treated control animals developed occlusive thrombi at 49.8 ± 13.6 min after the initiation of vessel injury, and possessed a residual thrombus mass of 20.7 ± 3.3 mg. In the rTAP treatment group, 4/6 preparations developed occlusive thrombi, but with times to thrombosis delayed significantly compared to both the saline control as well as to the heparin treatment group (202.7 ± 28.9 min ; p <0.01 to both saline and heparin groups). The remaining 2 rTAP-treated preparations remained patent despite the continued electrical stimulation of the coronary vessel for 5 h. Residual thrombus mass in the rTAP treatment group was reduced markedly compared to the saline control group (4.4 ± 1.0 mg ; p <0.01). Heparin infusion resulted in a modest but statistically insignificant delay in occlusive LCX coronary artery thrombosis compared to saline controls, with all 6/6 heparin-treated preparations occluding at 79.7 ± 16.5 min after the initiation of vessel injury. Residual thrombus mass in heparin-treated animals, however, was reduced compared to saline controls (9.4 ± 1.4 mg ; p <0.01). These results support a pivotal role for fXa in the process of arterial thrombosis, as well as the feasibility of inhibiting fXa as an effective strategy for the primary prevention of arterial thrombosis.
Clamp Effects in Fiber Testing

A probabilistic model for the tensile strength of brittle fibers is presented and related to present conventional testing The relationship of fiber flaw structure to the statistical strength is dis...
Glycoprotein IIb and IIIa retention on fibrinogen-coated surfaces after lysis of adherent platelets

The platelet-membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa (GPIIb-IIIa) complex is essential for platelet aggregation and is involved in the attachment of platelets to thrombogenic surfaces. This study shows the retention of GPIIb and GPIIIa on immobilized fibrinogen after Triton X-100 (Sigma Chemical Co, St Louis, MO) lysis of adherent platelets. Glycoproteins were detected using subunit specific monoclonal antibodies in a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedure. GPIIb-IIIa retention was judged to be specific relative to GPIb recovery, and was modulated by platelet activation. Platelet exposure to adenosine diphosphate or thrombin, but not A23187 or chymotrypsin, markedly enhanced GPIIb and GPIIIa recovery relative to that observed with unstimulated platelets, or prostaglandin E1-treated platelets. Moreover, lysis of adherent platelets in the presence of 10 mmol/L EDTA, under conditions promoting GPIIb-IIIa complex dissociation (pH 8.1, 60 minutes, 37 degrees C), had no effect on GPIIb or GPIIIa subunit recovery. Platelet activation with Zn+2 also enhanced GPIIb and GPIIIa recovery on fibrinogen-coated surfaces over that observed with unstimulated platelets, but GPIIb and IIIa retention was EDTA sensitive. This correlated with the EDTA-reversible nature of Zn+2-activated platelet adhesion to fibrinogen-coated surfaces. The data (1) show that platelet adhesion to fibrinogen is accompanied by the induction of high-affinity interactions between GPIIb-IIIa and immobilized fibrinogen that are EDTA-resistant and enhanced by platelet activation with some but not all agonists, and (2) implicate these interactions in stabilizing platelet contacts with fibrinogen-coated surfaces.
Clinical outcomes of HLA-DPB1 mismatches in 10/10 HLA-matched unrelated donor-recipient pairs undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant.

Objective HLA-DPB1 matching may impact allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) outcomes; however, this locus is not in linkage disequilibrium with the remainder of the HLA genes. After classifying HLA-DPB1 mismatches based on T-cell epitope, avoiding non-permissive mismatches may impact survival. We tested this hypothesis at a single academic institution. Methods Retrospective HLA-DPB1 genotyping was performed on 153 adult patients who underwent ASCT and unrelated donors matched for HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 loci (10/10). Using the ImMunoGeneTics/HLA T-cell epitope matching algorithm, mismatch status was classified as permissive or non-permissive. Results Of 153 donor-recipient pairs, 22 (14.4%) were HLA-DPB1 matches, 64 (42.8%) permissive mismatches, and 67 (43.8%) non-permissive mismatches. DPB1 mismatch increased risk of chronic graft-vs-host disease (cGVHD; RR 2.89 [1.19-9.53],p=0.016) compared with DPB1-matched transplants, but there were no differences in overall mortality, risk of relapse, or acute GVHD (aGVHD). Combining matches and permissive mismatches and comparing to non-permissive mismatches, there was no significant difference in overall survival or relapse; however, patients receiving non-permissive mismatched transplants experienced greater risk of aGVHD overall and severe aGVHD (RR 1.66 [1.13-2.44], p=0.010 and RR 1.97 [1.10-3.59], p=0.024, respectively). Conclusion In this single center study, HLA-DPB1 matching influenced outcomes of patients undergoing ASCT for hematologic malignancy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
In Vivo Ribbon Mobility and Turnover of Ribeye at Zebrafish Hair Cell Synapses

Ribbons are presynaptic structures that mediate synaptic vesicle release in some sensory cells of the auditory and visual systems. Although composed predominately of the protein Ribeye, very little is known about the structural dynamics of ribbons. Here we describe the in vivo mobility and turnover of Ribeye at hair cell ribbon synapses by monitoring fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) in transgenic zebrafish with GFP-tagged Ribeye. We show that Ribeye can exchange between halves of a ribbon within ~1 minute in a manner that is consistent with a simple diffusion mechanism. In contrast, exchange of Ribeye between other ribbons via the cell’s cytoplasm takes several hours.
Longitudinal Effects of Gendered Harassment Perpetration and Victimization on Mental Health Outcomes in Adolescence.

Gendered harassment, including sexual harassment and homophobic name-calling, is prevalent in adolescents and is linked to negative outcomes including depression, anxiety, suicidality, substance ab...
Repellent Effects of Essential Oils on Adult Bagrada hilaris1 by Using an Olfactometer

Abstract. Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a serious invasive stink bug species in the central coast region of California. Although B. hilaris can be effectively managed using synthetic insecticides, organic growers have limited effective tools to manage this pest. Little is known about repellent effects of essential oils on adult B. hilaris; thus, repellent effect of citronellal, lemongrass oil, geraniol, peppermint oil, thyme oil, rosemary oil, pine needle oil, and vetiver acetate was examined using olfactormeter. In the choice assay, most of the essential oils did not elicit repellency to both female and male adult B. hilaris except geraniol because significantly more B. hilaris chose the empty arm of the olfactometer than the arm with geraniol. Implications of essential oils on B. hilaris management are discussed.
Dysregulation of the epigenetic landscape of normal aging in Alzheimer's disease.

Aging is the strongest risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The chromatin state, in particular through the mark H4K16ac, has been implicated in aging and thus may play a pivotal role in age-associated neurodegeneration. Here we compare the genome-wide enrichment of H4K16ac in the lateral temporal lobe of AD individuals against both younger and elderly cognitively normal controls. We found that while normal aging leads to H4K16ac enrichment, AD entails dramatic losses of H4K16ac in the proximity of genes linked to aging and AD. Our analysis highlights the presence of three classes of AD-related changes with distinctive functional roles. Furthermore, we discovered an association between the genomic locations of significant H4K16ac changes with genetic variants identified in prior AD genome-wide association studies and with expression quantitative trait loci. Our results establish the basis for an epigenetic link between aging and AD.
Insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes – are we there yet? The d-Nav® story

Insulin replacement therapy is mostly used by patients with type 2 diabetes who become insulin deficient and have failed other therapeutic options. They comprise about a quarter of those with diabetes, endures the majority of the complications and consumes the majority of the resources. Adequate insulin replacement therapy can prevent complications and reduce expenses, as long as therapy goals are achieved and maintained. Sadly, these therapy goals are seldom achieved and outcomes have not improved for decades despite advances in pharmacotherapy and technology. There is a growing recognition that the low success rate of insulin therapy results from intra-individual and inter-individual variations in insulin requirements. Total insulin requirements per day vary considerably between patients and constantly change without achieving a steady state. Thus, the key element in effective insulin therapy is unremitting and frequent dosage adjustments that can overcome those dynamics. In practice, insulin adjustments are done sporadically during outpatient clinic. Due to time constraints, providers are not able to deliver appropriate insulin dosage optimization. The d-Nav® Insulin Guidance Service has been developed to provide appropriate insulinization in insulin users without increasing the burden on healthcare systems. It relies on dedicated clinicians and a spectrum of technological solutions. Patients are provided with a handheld device called d-Nav® which advises them what dose of insulin to administer during each injection and automatically adjust insulin dosage when needed. The d-Nav care specialists periodically follow-up with users through telephone calls and in-person consultations to bestow user confidence, correct usage errors, triage, and identify uncharacteristic clinical courses. The following review provide details about the service and its clinical outcomes.
Interferometric Processing of SAR Data

We saw in Chapter 2 that, because it is a coherent imaging system, a synthetic aperture radar transduces the complex reflectivity of the illuminated scene. This reflectivity function, however, is modulated by phase terms that capture the imaging geometry. As a result, an interesting possibility arises when two SAR images are made of the same scene using very close geometries. It becomes possible in this case to interfere the two images in such a way as to cancel the scene reflectivity which is common to both and to recover the geometric information that contains the scene topography transduced by the image-domain phase data. We will use the acronym IFSAR to refer to this type of processing.
Infocity: Providing Qos to Mobile Hosts

Future wireless networks will be integrated with existing wired networks. Together, this environment will compose a multimedia network infrastructure, providing advanced data, voice, and video services, which is referred to here as “InfoCity”. In this chapter, several emerging technologies, which might be used to provide the mobile multimedia services needed in the event of such a technology integration and convergence are presented. Careful consideration is given as to how these new technologies could best be used to offer a state-of-the-art, networked “InfoCity”, as a solution for next generation distributed multimedia applications. InfoCity, as presented here, is envisioned as a wired and wireless co-existence environment, with seamless service delivery of full multimedia applications, regardless of the user’s location and receiving device. Frame relay and ATM are presented as facilitating high-speed connections to a future broadband architecture. In order to support the diverse service needs of multimedia, Quality of Service (QoS) must be assured. Resource reservation protocol (RSVP) is considered as an example of the type of service-arbitration technique which could be used to provide users with such QoS assurance based on user need, rather than fair allocation. Finally, mobile IP is included as one approach to providing mobile host support in this new environment.
The Case of Aharon

Aharon Golan, a forty-three-year-old man, kissed his wife good-bye one morning and went to work. He never came home. He never saw the get well card with the yellow flower that his twelve-year-old daughter made for him, nor the faces of the three younger children who would now grow up without a father. Nor would he see the tears of the young doctor who had to be pulled away from his body when she could not stop herself from trying in vain to prevent his inevitable death. Instead, his heart stopped, and he simply ceased to exist.
Barriers to Service Utilization and Child Mental Health Treatment Attendance Among Poverty-Affected Families.

Objective:The majority of children who initially engage in mental health treatment in the United States drop out prematurely, a problem further exacerbated among children living in poverty. This st...
Preoperative Opioid Use Is Associated with Higher Readmission and Revision Rates in Total Knee and Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Background:Prescription opioid use is epidemic in the U.S. Recently, an association was demonstrated between preoperative opioid use and increased health-care utilization following abdominal surgeries. Given that primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) are 2 of the mos
A Millimeter-Wave Polarization-Division-Duplex Transceiver Front-End With an On-Chip Multifeed Self-Interference-Canceling Antenna and an All-Passive Reconfigurable Canceller

A millimeter-wave (mm-wave) polarization-division-duplex (PDD) transceiver (TRX) front-end with an on-chip multifeed self-interference-canceling (SIC) antenna and an all-passive reconfigurable RF canceller is presented in this paper. The SIC antenna offers several advantages over existing silicon-based antenna-domain self-interference cancellation approaches, such as electrical-balance duplexer, antenna pair, and non-reciprocal circulator. First, it inherently provides a high transmitter (TX)–receiver (RX) isolation with an instantaneously broad bandwidth. Second, there is no additional signal loss at the TX output or RX input, and thus, there is no TX output power/efficiency or RX noise figure degradation by using the multifeed SIC antenna. Third, the SIC antenna only occupies a single antenna footprint, which is compatible with future array-based multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) operation. An all-passive reconfigurable RF canceller is also integrated on-chip to further clean up the residue self-interference (SI) and relax the downstream RX, e.g., analog-to-digital converter (ADC), dynamic range requirement. The all-passive canceller has zero dc power consumption and provides nearly orthogonal amplitude and phase tunability for fast cancellation optimization in practice. In the measurements, the PDD TRX front-end achieves >35-dB antenna-domain SIC at 60–75 GHz, and >60-dB total front-end SIC at 63–65 GHz. Without any off-chip digital-domain SIC, direct horn antenna-to-chip and first-reported chip-to-chip PDD wireless links are demonstrated with multi-Gb/s 16-QAM/64-QAM signal as the target RX signal, while the TX SI uses the same modulation scheme and rate at the same carrier frequency but with independent pseudorandom bit sequence (PRBS) data.
Connecting Disciplines with ChEM-H

Dr. Elizabeth Ponder currently serves as the Associate Director of Stanford ChEM-H. Dr. Ponder joined Stanford ChEM-H in 2014, leading and planning initiatives with the faculty executive committee. Dr. Ponder's distinguished background includes having completed her Ph.D. in microbiology and Immunology at Stanford University and a subsequent postdoctoral Fellowship in pathology, also at Stanford. She previously served as executive director of the Henry Wheeler Center for Emerging and Neglected Diseases of the University of California-Berkeley.
SUBGEMMAL NEUROGENOUS PLAQUE: REPORT OF 11 CASES AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Objective Subgemmal neurogenous plaques are subepithelial neural structures usually located along the posterolateral border of the tongue. Often associated with the taste buds, they are mostly asymptomatic, but occasionally patients present with pain or a burning sensation. Our objective for this study is to assess previous cases of this entity and contribute eleven new cases to the literature. Findings We performed a retrospective analysis of the archived cases from the Department of Pathology, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York. A detailed search was performed using the PowerPath (Sunquest) laboratory information system, which consisted of a review of all cases received from the year 2013 to 2017. 11 cases were found to be diagnosed as subgemmal neurogenous plaque. All cases were located in the tongue. The lesions showed a female predilection with a mean age of 51.7 years. These findings are consistent with previous published studies. In cases with S-100 immunohistochemical staining (8/11), S-100 confirmed the diagnosis. According to the clinical histories provided, the majority (6/11) were asymptomatic, mass-forming lesions, two cases were red/white lesions with no associated pain or burning sensations, one case presented as tongue pain and two cases lacked clinical information. Conclusion Subgemmal neurogenous plaque is a common entity which has been previously misinterpreted as a neurofibroma, neuroma, ganglioma and even squamous cell carcinoma. Proper diagnosis requires histopathological examination. It is important to create awareness among current students and residents in addition to practicing pathologists about this entity. Our study is consistent with other studies performed to date and contributes a further reinforcement and addition to the current literature. We also recommend a larger and more diversified study of this entity for the future.
Shadow: Running Tor in a Box for Accurate and Efficient Experimentation

Abstract : Tor is a large and popular overlay network providing both anonymity to its users and a platform for anonymous communication research. New design proposals and attacks on the system are challenging to test in the live network because of deployment issues and the risk of invading users privacy, while alternative Tor experimentation techniques are limited in scale, are inaccurate, or create results that are difficult to reproduce or verify. We present the design and implementation of Shadow, an architecture for efficiently running accurate Tor experiments on a single machine. We validate Shadow s accuracy with a private Tor deployment on PlanetLab and a comparison to live network performance statistics. To demonstrate Shadow s powerful capabilities, we investigate circuit scheduling and find that the EWMA circuit scheduler reduces aggregate client performance under certain loads when deployed to the entire Tor network. Our software is open source and available for download.
Abstract 2661: Targeting endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteins for the treatment of B cell cancer

IRE-1 splices XBP-1 mRNAs, leading to activation of the functional XBP-1 transcription factor. We showed that genetic deletion of XBP-1 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells decelerated malignant progression of CLL in mice. We synthesized and characterized a specific inhibitor, B-I09, which could block the RNase activity of IRE-1 with high potency and efficacy. B-I09 clearly suppressed activation of the IRE-1/XBP-1 pathway, as evidenced by the decreased mRNA and protein levels of XBP-1 in intact cells. B-I09 specifically targeted mouse CLL cells in vivo by inducing apoptosis. Because XBP-1 deficiency could compromise the BCR signaling, a crucial survival signal for CLL, we tested whether pharmacological inhibition of XBP-1 could enhance the effect of inhibitors of the BCR signaling by combining B-I09 with ibrutinib (a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor) to treat human CLL cells. A strong pharmacological synergism was determined using the Chou-Talalay combination index method, suggesting that B-I09 could help ibrutinib to achieve higher cytotoxicity at a lower dose, addressing ibrutinib’s toxicity issue. Our studies also led us to discover that IRE-1 interacted with STING, an ER-resident protein critical for cytoplasmic DNA sensing and interferon production. We showed that the IRE-1/XBP-1 pathway was required for the interferon-producing function of STING, and that agonists of STING selectively triggered mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in malignant B cells. Upon stimulation, STING was degraded inefficiently in malignant B cells, implying that prolonged activation of STING could lead to apoptosis. In CLL-bearing mice, injection of the STING agonist, 3939-cGAMP, induced apoptosis and regression of leukemia. Similarly efficacious effects were elicited by 3939-cGAMP injection in syngeneic or immunodeficient NSG mice grafted with malignant B cells. These data suggested that STING agonists could directly eradicate CLL and other B cell malignancies in vivo. IRE-1 and STING are thus useful ER-resident protein targets for the treatment of B cell cancer. Citation Format: Chih-Hang Anthony Tang, Juan R. Del Valle, Chih-Chi Andrew Hu. Targeting endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteins for the treatment of B cell cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2661.
Deployment and performance of model-based dose calculation algorithm in 192Ir shielded cylinder brachytherapy

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the study was to integrate model-based dose calculation algorithm (MBDCA) and 3-D planning into our institutional capabilities for clinical cases with inherent heterogeneities, namely shielded cylinder cases, which were previously performed using templates. Methods and Materials AcurosBV (Varian Medical Systems) was selected as MBDCA, and we compared results against the American Association of Physicists in Medicine working group (WG) reference Test Case #4, which contains a 36-mm-diameter 180-degree shielded cylinder. The last five clinically used template plans, as generated with ABACUS (Varian Medical Systems), were compared against MBDCA results. Clinical plans used 20-, 23-, and 26-mm-diameter cylinders, prescribed from 5 to 7 Gy, 50- to 110-mm active length, 7 to 21 dwell positions, with 5- or 10-mm spacing. Results Compared with the WG reference plan, AcurosBV produced excellent agreement, within 1% at reference points. Larger deviations arose only within the applicator itself. Historical plans generated using ABACUS had higher point dose than AcurosBV by 3–4% or 2–3% using transport within medium at prescription points, with dose to medium or water, respectively. Conclusions To verify the accuracy of our MBDCA algorithm, we benchmarked against the WG data set available for shielded cylinders. We discovered a 3–4% difference in dose from our established historical templates, which is easily outweighed by daily positioning uncertainties. Dose distributions from MBDCA were used to assess and validate existing historical templates.
Graston Technique® as a Treatment for Patients with Chronic Plantar Heel Pain

Use of Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Massage has increased in popularity, and the plantar fascia is a superficial tissue that may benefit from this treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Graston Technique® (GT) for decreasing pain and increasing function in participants with chronic plantar heel pain over a six-week period. A single blind, pretest-posttest control/comparison group design, with a sample of 22 adults (5 males, 17 females) was utilized. Participants were assigned to three groups: GT/stretching, effleurage/stretching, and stretching only. After completion, effleurage/stretching and stretching only groups were later offered GT with posttest scores recorded. Participants were pretested/posttested using the Foot Health Status Questionnaire (Foot Pain, Foot Function, and General Foot Health), McGill Pain Questionnaire, and Visual Analog Scale. A posttest Kruskal-Wallis analysis between the three groups demonstrated a significant difference of the Visual Analog Scale between the GT/stretching and effleurage/stretching groups. From pre to posttest, Wilcoxon Test resulted in GT/stretching group significantly improving in 4 out of 5 variables, with effleurage/stretching significant in 1 out of 5, and stretching only demonstrating significance in 3 out of 5. Friedman’s Test for effleurage and stretching only groups resulted in significant differences in all the variables when GT was later administered. The mean differences between pre and posttest for the groups demonstrated a minimal important difference of 4 out of 4 variables for GT/stretching, 2 out of 4 variables for effleurage/stretch, 2 out of 4 variables for the stretching only group. Participants improved in variables measured over a six week treatment of GT. This was both shown to be not only statistically significant, but clinically significant utilizing minimal important difference.
Performance Analysis of Communication Management System Based Smart Grid Using Different Modulation Techniques

In modern era, Smart grid is a new technology that explains lack of software programs that simulate the principles of Smart grid. The prime intention of Smart grid simulation is to provide a better platform for user interaction. Smart grid system makes it possible to have an intelligent communicating network by integration and combination of electrical power grids. Smart meters are connected by the system through RF signals to a central point with the PLC as the medium. The main intention of this system is to explain the transfer of data and the intermediate processes involved in data transfer to the utility from different houses. The paper further describes the implementation of the entire process using MATLAB, thus demonstrating the flow of smart metering data to utility from different houses.
Liquid metal nanocomposites

Liquid metal (LM) has attracted tremendous interest over the past decade for its enabling combination of high electrical and thermal conductivity and low mechanical compliance and viscosity. Efforts to harness LM in electronics, robotics, and biomedical applications have largely involved methods to encapsulate the liquid so that it can support functionality without leaking or smearing. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in LM “nanocomposites” in which either liquid metal is mixed with metallic nanoparticles or nanoscale droplets of liquid metal are suspended within a soft polymer matrix. Both of these material systems represent an important step towards utilizing liquid metal for breakthrough applications. In this minireview, we present a brief overview of recent progress over the past few years in methods to synthesize LM nanomaterials and utilize them as transducers for sensing, actuation, and energy harvesting. In particular, we focus on techniques for stable synthesis of LM nanodroplets, suspension of nanodroplets within various matrix materials, and methods for incorporating metallic nanoparticles within an LM matrix.
Incomplete data analysis of non-inferiority clinical trials: Difference between binomial proportions case.

Abstract Background Incomplete data analysis continues to be a major issue for non-inferiority clinical trials. Due to the steadily increasing use of non-inferiority study design, we believe this topic deserves an immediate attention. Methods We evaluated the performance of various strategies, including complete case analysis and various imputations techniques for handling incomplete non-inferiority clinical trials when outcome of interest is difference between binomial proportions. Non-inferiority of a new treatment was determined using a fixed margin approach with 95-95% confidence interval method. The methods used to construct the confidence intervals were compared as well and included: Wald, Farrington-Manning and Newcombe methods. Results We found that worst-case and best-case scenario imputation methods should not be used for analysis of incomplete data in non-inferiority trial design, since such methods seriously inflate type-I error rates and produce biased estimates. In addition, we report conditions under which complete case analysis is an acceptable strategy for missing at random missingness mechanism. Importantly, we show how two-stage multiple imputation could be successfully applied for incomplete data that follow missing not at random patterns, and thus result in controlled type-I error rates and unbiased estimates. Conclusion This thorough simulation study provides a road map for the analysis of incomplete data in non-inferiority clinical trials for different types of missingness. We believe that the results reported in this paper could serve practitioners who encounter missing data problems in their non-inferiority clinical trials.