cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Moving Image: Research + Design Process

As consumers and communicators of visual narratives, conducting film (cinema and digitalvideo) research and filmmaking as an integral part of the architectural design process supports the designer‘s ability to develop and communicate architecture's narrative content. A film and architecture theory seminar and undergraduate design studio considers how film narrative is structured, multiple events through time are juxtaposed, and point of view is communicated. Film is not used as an illustration-in-motion of design projects but as the intellectual core intention of design process. The author briefly introduces issues of place-making through research evidenced in the construction of the author's own film work, and how that work helps frame pedagogy. In the classroom, while film research, analysis, and practice are key components establishing design tactics, the foremost goal is developing visual literacy - for whom is the story told, why, and how is that story communicated? This question allows for discerning perceptions and depth of reflection. Three studio project themes are developed through film analysis and making: The Horizon Line, Dreams and Materiality, Action/Engagement and Consequences. This essay considers the studio process by examining Alain Resnais' Hiroshima Mon Amour; Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu's Babel Terrence Malick's Days of Heaven; Maya Deren's Meshes of the Afternoon, and Michael Hanake's Cache with student work referenced. Studio self-initiated gallery installation and symposium leads the author to a contemplative conclusion regarding the promise and efficacy of film research and making in the architectural design process.
Fatigue Evaluation Procedures for Bi-axial Loaded Plate Joints Using the Battelle Structural Stress Method

Abstract Previously, Battelle has investigated the behaviour of a series of related multi-axial weld fatigue situations and developed effective analysis procedures. The first was a flange-to-tube joint under torsional-dominant loading. The second was a multi-axial stress state under uniaxial loading consisting of a tensile-loaded plate with either a fillet welded pipe or angled attachment. For multi-axial fatigue evaluation, an effective equivalent structural stress range (ΔEESS), defined as a combination of the equivalent normal structural stress range and the equivalent in-plane shear structural stress range in a von Mises form, derived from the Battelle structural stress method (BSSM), was formulated and used to clearly illustrate the differences in the behaviour of these two situations. As an extension of these multi-axial fatigue situations, the BSSM for fatigue life evaluation is examined herein for bi-axial loading of welded plate joints that otherwise require special treatment. However, when the BSSM is applied to bi-axially loaded plate joints, the failure location can be predicted correctly, and fatigue life predictions using the master S-N curve approach are very accurate compared with fatigue test results from the literature. This is because the BSSM captures the bi-axial loading effects, including the ratio of the load magnitudes and their phase difference that define the local variations of ΔEESS within the joint and thus define the failure location of the joint. In this investigation, it was found that the failure locations are influenced by the maximum normal structural stress (normal to weld line) not by the in-plane shear structural stress (parallel to weld line) which becomes negligible. In addition, it was also found that the cycles-to-failure data from the subject joint types were comparable with the master S-N curve for Mode I loading dominant behavior (inverse slope of 3.125). Therefore, the master S-N curve that was developed for Mode I failures can be equally applicable for fatigue life predictions for these plate joints under bi-axial loading.
Growth and meat yield responses of Hubbard × Cobb 500 male broilers fed diets formulated with distillers dried grains with solubles varying in ether extract content and inclusion rate from 1 to 33 days of age

Summary An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets containing low distillers dried grains with solubles, moderate distillers dried grains with solubles and high distillers dried grains with solubles -oil distillers dried grains with solubles included with conventional- and increased-inclusion programs fed to Hubbard × Cobb 500 broilers from 1 to 33 d of age. Dietary treatments were provided as a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement with distillers dried grains with solubles source (low distillers dried grains with solubles, moderate distillers dried grains with solubles, and high distillers dried grains with solubles) and an inclusion program (conventional and increased) being the main factors. Diets were formulated to contain corn, soybean meal, animal protein meal, and 1 of the 3 distillers dried grains with solubles sources at 2 inclusion rates (conventional or increased). The distillers dried grains with solubles conventional- and increased-inclusion programs were 5 or 8% in the starter diet (1 to 14 d), 7 or 10% in the grower diet (15 to 21 d) and 9 or 12% in the finisher diet (22 to 33 d). Diets containing different levels of distillers dried grains with solubles within a distillers dried grains with solubles source did not alter BW gain of broilers throughout this study or 1 to 14 and 1 to 33 d feed conversion. Broilers fed diets formulated to the distillers dried grains with solubles conventional-inclusion program grew faster and more efficiently from 1 to 26 and 1 to 33 d than birds provided diets containing the distillers dried grains with solubles increased-inclusion program. Based on these data, distillers dried grains with solubles increased-inclusion program adversely affected growth performance and processing yields of broilers from 1 to 33 d of age when compared with distillers dried grains with solubles conventional-inclusion program and the distillers dried grains with solubles source did not alter performance or meat yields.
Chill Out

Heat is one of the worst enemies of electronics. Sit on the sofa with your laptop and you quickly feel the heat on your lap. Often though, overheating can be hard to diagnose. You may notice random errors occurring no matter what program you're running. This is especially true if you use your computer to play advanced video games, which can really tax the microprocessor and the graphics card. If your machine frequently experiences fatal errors or "the blue screen of death" on such occasions, chances are it has thermal management problems. And overheating doesn't just degrade a computer's performance; it can also shorten its useful life.
Automated integration of continuous glucose monitor data in the electronic health record using consumer technology

The diabetes healthcare provider plays a key role in interpreting blood glucose trends, but few institutions have successfully integrated patient home glucose data in the electronic health record (EHR). Published implementations to date have required custom interfaces, which limit wide-scale replication. We piloted automated integration of continuous glucose monitor data in the EHR using widely available consumer technology for 10 pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. Establishment of a passive data communication bridge via a patient's/parent's smartphone enabled automated integration and analytics of patient device data within the EHR between scheduled clinic visits. It is feasible to utilize available consumer technology to assess and triage home diabetes device data within the EHR, and to engage patients/parents and improve healthcare provider workflow.
Rhodium (II) carboxylates as new selective stationary phases in gas-liquid chromatography

A new stationary phase for gas chromatography, dimeric rhodium (II) benzoate, was found to interact rapidly and reversibly with sigma donor molecules such as ethers, ketones and esters, thereby considerably increasing their retention volumes. In addition, interaction and separation of olefins has been achieved with the same phase. The specific interaction of olefins with the rhodium (II) complex is particularly interesting since the relative retention increase is quite different than that for rhodium (I) and silver (I). Furthermore, an “inverse” steric effect is observed as the interaction of olefins increases with increasing alkyl substitution at the double bond. The mechanism of interaction involved and the analytical applications are briefly discussed.
An efficient solution of time domain boundary integral equations for acoustic scattering and its acceleration by Graphics Processing Units

The present paper is aimed at developing a fast numerical solution of the time domain boundary integral equation (TDBIE) reformulated from the convective wave equation for large scale wave scattering and propagation problems. Historically, numerical solutions of boundary integral equation in the time domain have encountered two major difficulties. The first is the intrinsic numerical instability in the early time domain boundary integral equation formulations. And the second is the formidably high computational cost associated with the direct solution of the time-domain boundary integral equation. In this paper, both issues are addressed. A stable Burton-Miller type formulation is proposed for the time domain boundary integral equation in the presence of a mean flow. A justification for stability through the energy equation associated with the convective wave equation is given. A comparison of the current formulation with a previous one in literature is also offered. The boundary integral equation is solved by a time domain boundary element method (TDBEM), using high-order basis functions and unstructured surface elements. To significantly reduce the computational cost, a Time Domain Propagation and Distribution (TDPD) algorithm is proposed, making use of the delayand amplitude-compensated field with a mean flow. Implemented in multi-level interactions, the current algorithm shows a computational cost of O(N) per time step where N is the total number of unknowns on surface elements. Furthermore, GPU computing has been utilized to speedup the computation. Numerical aspects of the GPU computing for boundary element solutions are discussed. Comparison with CPU executions is also given. Numerical examples that demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed method are presented.
Notes on Longula Texensis Var. Major

which supports the glebal lamellae. The scaliness is the result of break-up of the volva and cutis. Pileus remaining closed at maturity; the gleba not exposed except in age when tearing and general break? down of the lower part of the pileus make the lamellae visible. Stipe cylindrical, 9.5-10 X 3-4.5 cm (excluding the columella), concolorous with the pileus, firm, solid, with white pith-like interior and tough rind 2-3 mm thick, smooth to rimose-areolate, sheathed with adherent patchlike remains of the volva which forms a membranous annulus around the lower edge of the pileus. Stipe tapering centrally through the gleba to form a percurrent columella measuring 6 X 1.5-3 cm and having a rind 1-1.5 mm thick. Several white rhizinae are present at the base of the stipe. Gleba composed of vertically arranged, wavy, anastomosing lamellae which are grayish at first, becoming dark brown, then black. Although in contact with the columella, the lamellae show no definite attachment to any part of that structure, but are attached full-length to 1 This work is not connected with the author's assigned research; moreover, it has been done outside of official hours, and all statements are entirely his responsibility. 2 Miss Elizabeth E. Morse was greatly interested in the Longula-Gyrophragmium problem and repeatedly referred to it in her letters. Had she been able to complete the paper on which she was working during her last years, I am sure that her conclusions would have been in entire agreement with those of Dr. Harding. I stated this in correspondence with Dr. Harding, and at his request I am inserting this note.?G. W. Martin.
Uveitis in Children

in children, though relatively uncommon, may be a very distressing problem. The literature on the subject is scant and for the most part incidental to reports concerned with toxoplasmosis,* sarcoidosis.6 or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (Still's disease).\s=d\ The only series of children with uveitis was reported by Thomson13 (1928), whose 10 cases had in common a chronic course, uveal tract disturbance without visible fundus change or iritis, and unilateral involvement ; apparently the etiology was unknown. Ravin14 (1944) described a case of iritis following measles in a 3-year-old girl; Hallett15 reported a case of iridocyclitis coincident with chickenpox in a 7-year-old boy, and Wilder16 (1950) reported the finding of nematode larvae in the granulomatous lesions of a series of eyes enucleated from children. The purpose of the present study was to analyze all the cases of childhood uveitis seen in connection with the uveitis survey being conducted by the staff of the Francis I. Proctor Foundation for Research in Ophthalmology and the Department of Oph¬ thalmology, University of California Medical Center. A total of 810 cases of uveitis have been surveyed in a five-and-a-half-year period, and 47 of them, or 5.8%, were in patients under 16 years of age. This figure is unquestionably higher than the general average which is probably closer to 2 or 3%. Blegvad 1T (1941) found in Denmark that 2.2% of 896 cases of uveitis were in children under 15 years of age. The higher percentage in our series was probably due to the special interest of one of us (M. J. H.) in toxoplasmosis ; many cases of healed chorioretinitis were referred for study which might otherwise have been ignored. The records of all cases were drawn from the files of the uveitis clinic, to which both clinic and private patients are referred. They were studied as outpatients or hospital patients, and each was examined by at least one of us. Since many cases were referred because of suspected toxoplasmosis, and most other cases for diag¬ nostic opinion because of recurrence, unusually severe, and/or special therapeutic problems, the series must be regarded as highly selected and unsuited to statistical
Effects of adenoviral gene transfer of C. elegans n-3 fatty acid desaturase on the lipid profile and growth of human breast cancer cells

Background Current evidence from both experimental and human studies indicates that omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs) promote breast tumor development, whereas long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) exert suppressive effects. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids appears to be an important factor in controlling tumor development. Human cells usually have a very high n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio because they cannot convert n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs due to lack of an n-3 desaturase found in C. elegans. Materials and methods Adenoviral strategies were used to introduce the C. elegans fat-1 gene encoding an n-3 fatty acid desaturase into human breast cancer cells followed by examination of the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio and growth of the cells. Results Infection of MCF-7 cells with an adenovirus carrying the fat-1 gene resulted in a high expression of the n-3 fatty acid desaturase. Lipid analysis indicated a remarkable increase in the levels of n-3 PUFAs accompanied with a large decrease in the contents of n-6 PUFAs, leading to a change of the n-6/n-3 ratio from 12.0 to 0.8. Accordingly, production of the eicosanoids derived from n-6 PUFA was reduced significantly in cells expressing the fat-1 gene. Importantly, the gene transfer induced mass cell death and inhibited cell proliferation. Conclusion The gene transfer of the n-3 fatty acid desaturase, as a novel approach, can effectively modify the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio of human tumor cells and provide an anticancer effect, without the need of exogenous n-3 PUFA supplementation. These data also increase the understanding of the effects of n-3 fatty acids and the n-6/n-3 ratio on cancer prevention and treatment.
Principles of Delivery of Sedatives and Intravenous Anesthetics in Out of Operating Room Anesthesia

Safe and effective delivery of IV sedatives and anesthetics for Out of Operating Room Anesthesia (OORA) is based on the same principles that govern delivery of these medications in the OR settings, while taking into account the unique conditions imposed by the diverse environments of each of the procedural locations. This entails understanding, and implementing, all applicable scientific, technological, regulatory, and organizational principles in order to enhance patient safety and operational efficiency. Delivering OORA poses physical and operational constraints, in the forms of limited lighting; excessive noise; limited access by the clinician to the patient; and limited devise allowance into OORA sites, e.g., MRI suite; disorganized scheduling and inadequate patient preparation.
Characterization of the initial state and QGP medium from a combined Bayesian analysis of LHC data at 2.76 and 5.02 TeV

Abstract We perform a global Bayesian analysis of a modern event-by-event heavy-ion collision model and LHC data at s = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV . After calibration, the model simultaneously describes multiplicity, transverse momentum, and flow data at both beam energies. We report new constraints on the scaling of initial-state entropy deposition and QGP transport coefficients, including a quantitative estimate of the temperature-dependent shear viscosity ( η / s ) ( T ) .
Terrestrial Snake Environmental DNA Accumulation and Degradation Dynamics and its Environmental Application

Abstract There is an increasing need for effective biomonitoring tools that quantify patterns of habitat occupancy by reptile species. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has been regarded as an emerging tool to detect specific target species; however, the dynamics of accumulation and degradation of eDNA in terrestrial environments are poorly understood. This study determines the time required for terrestrial snakes to leave enough eDNA behind to become detectable (accumulation time) as well as its persistence (degradation time). By targeting mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and 12S rRNA genes of Red Cornsnakes (Pantherophis guttatus) in a controlled laboratory setting, we found that eDNA can be detected 3.5 h after the snakes had contact with soil and for up to 6 d after their removal. Estimated accumulation rate of Pantherophis guttatus eDNA per gram of snake biomass per hour was 12.6 μg. We also evaluated the applicability of eDNA detection under field conditions by targeting the mitochondrial cytochrom...
A simple method to measure CLOCK-BMAL1 DNA binding activity in tissue and cell extracts

The proteins CLOCK and BMAL1 form a heterodimeric transcription factor essential to circadian rhythms in mammals. Daily rhythms of CLOCK-BMAL1 DNA binding activity are known to oscillate with target gene expression in vivo. Here we present a highly sensitive assay that recapitulates native CLOCK-BMAL1 DNA binding rhythms from crude tissue extracts, which we call the Clock Protein-DNA Binding Assay (CPDBA). This method can detect less than 2-fold differences in DNA binding activity, and can deliver results in two hours or less using 10 microliters (~10 micrograms) or less of crude extract, while requiring neither specialized equipment nor expensive probes. To demonstrate the sensitivity and versatility of this assay, we show that enzymatic removal of phosphate groups from proteins in tissue extracts or pharmacological inhibition of casein kinase I in cell culture increased CLOCK-BMAL1 DNA binding activity by ~1.5 to ~2 fold, as measured by the CPDBA. In addition, we show that the CPDBA can measure CLOCK-BMAL1 binding to reconstituted chromatin. The CPDBA is a sensitive, fast, efficient and versatile probe of clock function.
Common defects and contributing parameters in powder bed fusion AM process and their classification for online monitoring and control: a review

The powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process enables fabrication of metal parts with complex geometry and elaborate internal features, the simplification of the assembly process, and the reduction of development time; however, its tremendous potential for widespread application in industry is hampered by the lack of consistent quality. This limits its ability as a viable manufacturing process particularly in the aerospace and medical industries where high quality and repeatability are critical. A variety of defects, which may be initiated during powder bed fusion additive manufacturing, compromise the repeatability, precision, and resulting mechanical properties of the final part. One approach that has been more recently proposed to try to control the process by detecting, avoiding, and/or eliminating defects is online monitoring. In order to support the design and implementation of effective monitoring and control strategies, this paper identifies, analyzes, and classifies the common defects and their contributing parameters reported in the literature, and defines the relationship between the two. Next, both defects and contributing parameters are categorized under an umbrella of manufacturing features for monitoring and control purposes. The quintuple set of manufacturing features presented here is meant to be employed for online monitoring and control in order to ultimately achieve a defect-free part. This categorization is established based on three criteria: (1) covering all the defects generated during the process, (2) including the essential contributing parameters for the majority of defects, and (3) the defects need to be detectable by existing monitoring approaches as well as controllable through standard process parameters. Finally, the monitoring of signatures instead of actual defects is presented as an alternative approach to controlling the process “indirectly.”
Use of Precedent as a Narrative Practice in Design Learning

In this chapter, we discuss narrative as a tool for designing, with regard particularly to how narrative may characterize precedent. Precedent is a critical form of design knowledge, comprising the designer’s awareness and experience, direct or vicarious, of existing designs. Precedent informs an understanding of a design space, affords the generation of design moves within those spaces, and facilitates the creation of new solutions. We describe the narrative character of precedent and illustrate the narrative nature and use of precedent via an empirical study of masters-level student designers as they began to understand and attempt to articulate the precedent relationships that were informing their design activity.
Estrogen Deficiency Promotes Cerebral Aneurysm Rupture by Upregulation of Th17 Cells and Interleukin-17A Which Downregulates E-Cadherin.

Background Estrogen deficiency is associated with the development of cerebral aneurysms; however, the mechanism remains unknown. We explored the pathway of cerebral aneurysm development by investigating the potential link between estrogen deficiency and inflammatory factors. Methods and Results First, we established the role of interleukin‐17 (IL‐17)A. We performed a cytokine screen demonstrating that IL‐17A is significantly expressed in mouse and human aneurysms ( P =0.03). Likewise, IL‐17A inhibition was shown to prevent aneurysm formation by 42% ( P =0.02) and rupture by 34% ( P P =0.04). Estradiol supplementation or IL‐17A inhibition decreased the number of ruptures in estrogen‐deficient mice (estradiol 6% versus 37%; P =0.04; IL‐17A inhibition 18% versus 47%; P =0.018). Third, we found that IL‐17A‐blockade protects against aneurysm formation and rupture by increased E‐cadherin expression. IL‐17‐inhibited mice had increased E‐cadherin expression ( P =0.003). E‐cadherin inhibition reversed the protective effect of IL‐17A inhibition and increased the rate of aneurysm formation (65% versus 28%; P =0.04) and rupture (12% versus 0%; P =0.22). However, E‐cadherin inhibition alone does not significantly increase aneurysm formation in normal mice or in estrogen‐deficient mice. In cell migration assays, E‐cadherin inhibition promoted macrophage infiltration across endothelial cells ( P Conclusions Our data suggest that estrogen deficiency promotes cerebral aneurysm rupture by upregulating IL‐17A, which downregulates E‐cadherin, encouraging macrophage infiltration in the aneurysm vessel wall.
NeiMEC: Automatically building neighbor relationship between mobile edge platforms in multi-access edge computing environment

Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) is a key technology towards achieving a 5G system. Via MEC technology, both the service latency and cost of the backhaul network can be decreased in 5G environments; however, the MEC servers work independently, without considering the status of other MEC servers, which may lead to some difficulties in meeting the 5G requirements defined by ITU-R. This paper proposes a novel architecture for multiple MEC servers, named NeiMEC, to define the neighbor relationship of multiple MEC servers. Via NeiMEC, the MEC servers can refer to the statistical information of neighbor MEC servers to apply an advanced content cache replacement policy when its content cache is full. The NeiMEC-based content cache replacement policy will improve the hit ratio of the contents (by up to 42%) above the hit ratio of systems that don't consider neighbor servers. Consequently, the latency of accessing service is improved.
Before I die: The impact of time horizon and age on bucket-list goals.

Abstract. We investigated the effects of time horizon and age on the socioemotional motives underlying individual’s bucket-list goals. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three time-horiz...
The Theory of Inter-Firm Cooperation in R&D

In reaction to the mounting evidence that cooperation has become an integral part of the competitive strategies of firms in most technology-intensive industries, economists have intensified their efforts during the last decade to formalize the extensive appreciative understanding of research joint ventures (RJVs). By and large, theorists have focused their attention on horizontal RJVs. This may be the result of their interest in the potential anti-competitive effects of RJVs which may be more pertinent in horizontal cooperation. Or it may be the result of the quest for analytical simplicity.
Lesson Study as a Learning Environment for Coaches of Mathematics Teachers

This qualitative study focuses on the professional development of two mathematics coaches and one classroom teacher as they engaged in the lesson study process. The group collaboratively designed, taught, and refined an algebra lesson on slope involving the use of calculator based rangers. Participants developed three aspects of mathematical knowledge for teaching (Hill et al. 2005). Knowledge of content and teaching developed as the coaches emphasized inquiry in lessons. The group developed knowledge of content and students as they listened to students and discussed student difficulties. Finally, the trio developed specialized content knowledge by considering mathematical perturbations from the lesson
The Robotic Patient-Side Assistant

A team-based approach in the robotic operating room is critical for success and the patient-side first assistant is central to this team. A well-trained assistant is necessary to maximize efficiency and minimize complications. The assistant needs to understand and manage a multitude of issues including the plethora of equipment, safe patient positioning, gaining safe access into the abdomen, optimal port placement, efficient robot docking, managing insufflation and optimizing the robotic performance during the case. The assistant needs to be facile, ambidextrous laparoscopist and an effective communicator with the console surgeon and the rest of the team. An assistant who can troubleshoot effectively and quickly respond to problems and complications can make a major difference in the outcome of the operation. We review all salient aspects of the role and considerations of an effective and experienced patient-side assistant. Although the job is often thankless and underappreciated, the patient-side assistant is a key member of the robotics team and crucial for successful outcomes.
A 0.01-mm 2 Mostly Digital Capacitor-Less AFE for Distributed Autonomous Neural Sensor Nodes

This letter presents a miniaturized neural recording analog front-end (AFE) suitable for distributed sub-mm neural recording implants. Including reference generators, this AFE occupies an area of only 0.01 mm2, thanks to a mostly digital architecture with more than half of area being scalable digital logic. Implemented in 65-nm CMOS, the AFE is measured to consume 3.2 $ {\mu }\text{W}$ of power from 0.6-V supply, and achieves an input-referred noise of 2.2 $ {\mu {\mathrm{ V}}}_{\mathrm{rms}}$ over 500 Hz of bandwidth. The AFE is validated by integrating it into a neural sensing SoC with wireless power and data telemetry. In vitro experiments demonstrate reliable recording of the AFE in a fully wireless environment.
Assessment of the Aircraft Conceptual Design Process

Goldin rightly asks “What tools do you need to stay aggressive …” while justifying NASA’s Faster, Better, Cheaper approach [1].
The extended spectrum of RAS‐MAPK pathway mutations in colorectal cancer

Current clinical guidelines recommend mutation analysis for select codons in KRAS and NRAS exons 2, 3, and 4 and BRAF V600E to guide therapy selection and prognostic stratification in advanced colorectal cancer. This study evaluates the impact of extended molecular testing on the detection of RAS-MAPK pathway mutations. Panel next-generation sequencing results of colorectal cancer specimens from 5795 individuals from the American Association for Cancer Research Project Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange (AACR Project GENIE) were included. Mutations in RAS-MAPK pathway genes were analyzed and functionally annotated. Colorectal cancers had recurrent pathogenic pathway activating mutations in KRAS (44%), NRAS (4%), HRAS (<1%), BRAF (10%), MAP2K1 (1%), RAF1 (<1%), and PTPN11 (<1%). The proportion of colorectal cancers with pathogenic RAS pathway mutations was 37% when only KRAS codon 12 and 13 mutations were considered, 46% when also including select KRAS and NRAS exons 2, 3, and 4 mutations, 53% when including BRAF V600E mutations, and 56% when including all pathogenic mutations. Panel next-generation sequencing testing identifies additional RAS-MAPK pathway driver mutations beyond current guideline recommendations. These mutations have potential implications in treatment selection for patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Beat pediatric ALL MRD: CD28 CAR T and transplant.

In this issue of Blood, Curran et al report clinical trial results evaluating a second-generation CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in pediatric and young adult (AYA) relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Autologous CAR T-cell immunotherapies are revolutionizing the treatment of B-cell malignancies. CAR T-cell treatment involves genetic engineering of a patient’s T cells by insertion of a CAR construct, which upon expression, recognizes CD19 on neoplastic cells and triggers T-cell activation and tumor killing. The paper is notable for several reasons. First, it confirms in a pediatric population the importance of intensive lymphodepletion before CAR T-cell infusion to achieve responses. Second, in children treated with a CD28-based CAR T cell achieving minimal residual disease (MRD)− status, consolidative allogeneic transplant leads to acceptable long-term disease-free survival. Lastly, this report provides key additional clinical data on a CD28-based CART19 product whose commercial development was halted due to cerebral edema deaths during a separate pharma-sponsored trial.
Anxiety Disorders in the Elderly

Recent data has linked anxiety and its disorders in late life to increased morbidity and mortality, especially related to a higher cardiovascular burden and an increased cognitive decline. Clinically, anxiety symptoms may be more difficult to elicit in older adults who are less accurate in identifying anxiety symptoms and tend to minimize symptoms and to attribute symptoms to physical illness. Although SSRIs have proven more effective than psychotherapy in late-life anxiety, many elderly anxious subjects prefer psychotherapeutic interventions. These interventions appear to work best when tailored for the needs, expectations, and cultural background of older anxious subjects.
Improvement in overall survival with Apalutamide, Darolutamide and Enzalutamide in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Since 2018, apalutamide, darolutamide, and enzalutamide have been approved for the treatment of men with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (M0CRPC). These approvals were based on the results of three separate randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III trials: SPARTAN (apalutamide), ARAMIS (darolutamide) and PROSPER (enzalutamide). These trials included men with M0CRPC and a short PSA doubling time (≤10 months). Results demonstrated a longer metastasis-free survival with these agents when used in conjunction with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), compared to ADT alone. Updated results of these trials presented in the 2020 annual meeting of American Society of Oncology (ASCO) showed significantly improved overall survival with these agents. Based on these results, apalutamide, darolutamide, and enzalutamide can now be considered the standard of care treatment options for the treatment of men with M0CRPC.
Fluoroscopically guided mandibular nerve block: a modified lateral approach.

Background and objectives Mandibular nerve blocks are indicated for atypical face pain and trigeminal neuralgia. We hypothesized that a modified lateral approach, which entailed a combination of lateral and anterior approach techniques to the mandibular nerve block would lead to similar efficacy and improved safety profile rather than the typical lateral or anterior techniques. Methods This alternative approach was derived from anatomical investigation using the Radiology Anatomy Atlas Viewer and reconstructed axial cadaveric slices. We used axial slices at the level of the lateral pterygoid plate, and at the level of the temporomandibular joint to devise a needle path appropriate for this block. Results The modified lateral approach to the mandibular nerve block was verified theoretically through cadaveric reconstructed slices and has been successfully performed in our practice. Precise needle trajectory could avoid both periosteal contact and gross redirection, as well as other procedural complications. Conclusion The modified lateral approach to a mandibular nerve block avoids the respective risks associated with either the lateral and anterior approach. Facial intervention techniques typically pose increased safety challenges, however through cadaveric anatomic reconstruction, we have developed a safer approach for mandibular nerve blockade.
A biological approach to aortic valve disease: durability and survival

Strategies that replicate the living aortic valve’s biological sophistication are likely to translate into optimal long-term outcomes.
Incorporating Historical Data and Past Analyses for Improved Tensile Property Prediction of 9% Cr Steel

Data-driven analytical clustering and visualization techniques were applied to the dataset of 9% Cr experimental alloy data generated through the eXtremeMAT project. Techniques and results were compared with the resulting clusters obtained through similar analytical techniques on previous and reduced versions of the dataset. The principal components were generated in order to reduce the dimensionality of the complex dataset and to visualize the underlying trends in the data. Partitioning around medoids was performed on the resulting principal components to determine relevant clusters. Domain knowledge labels were further applied to the principal components to compare the labels with the trends identified through the clustering methods. The clusters can be used to compare the tensile properties of the alloys and to reduce the variation in the dataset.
Improving communication in networked systems using mobile robots

Providing network communication in large, complex environments is an important task with applications to maintaining connectivity with mobile users, environmental monitoring, emergency response, search and rescue, etc. Traditional approaches accomplish this task by deploying a static wireless network over the entire environment. However, this solution becomes cost ineffective when the area to be covered is large. Recent advances in robotics technology and research have made it possible to build low-cost, robust mobile robots that can autonomously navigate in complex environments. Thanks to these advancements, it is now feasible to use robots as mobile network nodes in place of large static network deployments. However, in order to achieve good performance with a small number of robots, it is crucial to design efficient algorithms for planning the robots' paths. In this dissertation, we study the use of mobile robots in two specific networking applications. In the first application, we use mobile robots to provide communication between end-points that require a persistent connection in a large, complex environment. For instance, imagine that a mobile user in a large environment requests connectivity to a static base station. Since the service area of wireless routers is limited by their initial deployment locations, a static wireless network deployment requires many routers to fully cover the entire region. Alternatively, this drawback can be overcome by using a small number of robots as intermediate mobile routers between the user and the base station which adaptively maintain connectivity according to the user's movement. In the second application, we seek the use of mobile robots in delay-tolerant networks where a small delay in data transfer is acceptable. One such application is environmental monitoring where scientists collect statistical data such as soil temperature. The most crucial problem in this application is to gather the data from sensors which may be sparsely deployed over a large environment. We can avoid the inefficient use of intermediate relay nodes for data transfer by using mobile robots to autonomously collect the data from sensors. Since a small delay is tolerable, using a few robotic data carriers becomes an appealing solution. Our contributions in this dissertation are two-fold: on the theoretical front, we present path-planning algorithms with provable performance guarantees. First, we study the problem of maintaining the connectivity of a mobile end-point to a static end-point by using the minimum number of mobile routers. Second, we present solutions for creating a communication bridge between two static end-points by minimizing the number of robots and their movements. Third, we study the problem of finding robot paths so that robots collect data from sensors as quickly as possible. Lastly, we present strategies for robots which act as mobile sensors to efficiently monitor an environment. On the systems front, we implement our algorithms using mobile robots and demonstrate their practical feasibility through extensive experiments.
Effects of the Liver Tumor Promoter Ethinyl Estradiol on Epidermal Growth Factor-induced DNA Synthesis and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Levels in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine whether DNA synthesis induced in the livers of female rats treated with ethinyl estradiol (EE) was due to direct effects of this synthetic estrogen on hepatocytes. Hepatocytes, obtained by collagenase perfusion from female Lewis rats, were cultured in serum-free medium containing low or no phenol red and supplemented with insulin, transferrin, and selenium. When present at 10–15 µm for the initial 30 h of culture, EE caused a subsequent 2–2.7-fold increase in hepatocyte DNA synthesis. Pretreatment of the hepatocytes with EE during the first 30 h of culture caused an EE concentration-dependent enhancement of their subsequent DNA synthetic response to epidermal growth factor (EGF). Pretreatment with EE shifted the EGF dose-response curve, causing a dramatic enhancement of the response to EGF beginning at 2 ng EGF/ml. The response to a saturating (25 ng/ml) dose of EGF was also greatly enhanced. Determination of the effect of EE on hepatocyte surface EGF receptors revealed that the increased responsiveness of DNA synthesis to EGF was accompanied by a twofold increase in EGF receptor number per cell. These results indicate that EE has direct, growth-related effects on hepatocytes which may contribute to liver growth induced in vivo by this tumor promoter.
House Prices and a Flood Event: An Empirical Investigation of Market Efficiency

In this study, house-price reactions to a first-time disastrous flood are investigated. Conventional wisdom predicted prices would decline and later regain lost value as the market forgot the flood...
Molecular mapping of murine I region recombinants. III. Crossing over at two discrete sites within the beta 1-beta 2 intron of the E beta gene.

The murine MHC provides a unique genetic system for studying meiotic recombination. A large number of murine H-2 recombinants cross over within a stretch of the E beta gene referred to as the E beta hot spot. The crossing over of eight such recombinants, derived from the s and k haplotypes, was studied at the nucleotide level. A 3-kb stretch of DNA, 3' to the beta 1 exon of the E beta gene, was sequenced after amplification of the genomic DNA from B10.S (one of the parental strains) by polymerase chain reaction. A number of sequence variations were identified with respect to B10.A (the other parental strain). Examination of these sequence variations by RFLP, simple sequence length polymorphism, as well as direct sequencing after polymerase chain reaction-amplification of genomic DNA from the recombinants led to unambiguous identification of the cross-over sites. Although all eight recombinants crossed over within the beta 1-beta 2 intron, two discrete nonoverlapping sites were involved. Five of the recombinants B10.BASR1, B10.ASR1, B10.ASR12, B10.HTT, and B10.S(9R) crossed over within a maximum of 395 bp of DNA 3' to the beta 1 exon. The remaining three recombinants B10.ASR7, B10.ASR11, and B10.S(8R) crossed over within 950 bp of DNA, adjacent to the cross-over site noted above. Each of these stretches of DNA was completely identical in the two parental haplotypes precluding further dissection of the cross-over sites. These cross-over sites are within those reported for the b and k recombination.
MEMS-based switched diversity antenna at 2.3 GHz for automotive applications

Our previous work is presented on diversity antenna experiments in the 2.3 GHz band, specifically for applications in the automotive environment. We describe the case of two-element position diversity, and we study the effects of the antenna positions on the amount of diversity gain. The presentation consists primarily of measurement data on a moving vehicle, with software post-processing to determine the effects of diversity combining. We present several diversity combining schemes, and describe a switched diversity circuit that we have built to address one of these schemes. An in-house developed SPDT MEMS switch, which has desirable insertion loss and isolation characteristics for the diversity switch, is shown. Also, a discussion on using a switch for the switched diversity antenna is included.
ABO phenotype and sepsis in very low birth infants

An association between infection and an individual's blood group has been reported in the adult medical literature. This association has so far not been investigated in the neonate, and may be reflected in the differences in susceptibilities of neonates to bacterial sepsis. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between ABO phenotype and the incidence of sepsis in very low birth weight infants. This is a retrospective data analysis. All very low birth weight infants admitted to The George Washington University Medical Center between November 1997 and March 2003 were classified according to blood groups into group 1: Phenotype O and A (possible B-antibody (ab)); and group 2: Phenotype B and AB (without B-ab). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine statistically significant differences in sepsis between the two groups. Data on 164 infants was analyzed. One hundred and twenty five infants (76.2%) had blood group A or O and 39 infants (23.8%) had blood group B or AB. Mean gestational age was 27.6 ± 2.4 weeks and mean birth weight was 984.5 ± 295 g. Groups were not significantly different in gestational age, birth weight, gender, and race. After controlling for confounding variables, there was no difference between the groups in the incidence of sepsis (34% vs. 33%, P = 0.24). ABO blood group phenotype was not correlated with sepsis in the very low birth weight infants in our unit.
Intelligibility of Black and White Speakers for Black and White Listeners

The purpose of this study was the investigation of the auditory discrimination ability of black and white listeners. Ten black and ten white subjects listened to PB-lists spoken by ten black and te...
NITROGEN LIMITATION IN ISOCHRYSIS GALBANA (HAPTOPHYCEAE). I. PHOTOSYNTHETIC ENERGY CONVERSION AND GROWTH EFFICIENCIES

The effect of steady-state nitrogen limitation on photo-synthetic characteristics and growth efficiency was examined in the marine haptophyte Isochrysis galbana Green. Nitrate limited chemostats were maintained at nine dilution rates, ranging from 0.18-0.96 d−1, under continuous irradiance levels of 175 μmole quanta·m−2·s−1, an irradiance level which saturated photosynthesis at all growth rates. Nitrogen limitation led to an overall reduction in pigmentation and a decrease in the cellular concentration of reaction centers; however, the optical absorption cross section, normalized to Chl a, increased. Moreover, Chl c/a ratios were higher in nitrogen-limited cells: the change in Chl c/a ratios were correlated with an increase in the functional size of Photosystem II. Both light saturated photosynthetic rates normalized per cell and specific respiratory losses were positively linearly correlated with growth rate. Light saturated photosynthetic rates normalized to Chl a remained relatively insensitive to the rate of nitrogen supply. The minimum quantum requirement for gross photosynthetic oxygen evolution increased from 12.4 to 17.0 quanta/O2. At the growth irradiance, the quantum requirement increased 88%, from 19.9 to 37.5 quauta/O2 Photosynthesis/respiration ratios remained relatively constant at dilution rates greater than 35% of the maximum relative growth rate. Consequently, net growth efficiency, defined as the ratio of the specific growth rate, μ, to specific gross photosynthesis, P, also remained relatively constant over this range of growth rates averaging 85 ± 3%.
The Winding Number and the Residue Theorem

The homotopy form of Cauchy’s theorem enables one to calculate many integrals of the form \( \int\limits_\gamma {fdz} \) where f is meromorphic and γ is a closed piecewise differentiable curve (it being assumed that the poles of. do not lie on Im (γ)). Formulae enabling one to do this include the so-called Cauchy formula (see §2, Theorem 2). It is, however, necessary to have some topological information about the location of the poles relative to γ. (To phrase it very vaguely, we must know how many times γ winds around a.) We begin with this topological material.