cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Adaptive Sequential Methodology for Expensive Response Surface Optimization

The preset response surface methodology (RSM) designs are commonly used in a wide range of process and design optimization applications. Although they offer ease of implementation and good performance, they are not sufficiently adaptive to reduce the required number of experiments and thus are not cost effective for applications with high cost of experimentation. We propose an efficient adaptive sequential methodology based on optimal design and experiments ranking for response surface optimization (O-ASRSM) for industrial experiments with high experimentation cost, limited experimental resources, and requiring high design optimization performance. The proposed approach combines the concepts from optimal design of experiments, nonlinear optimization, and RSM. By using the information gained from the previous experiments, O-ASRSM designs the subsequent experiment by simultaneously reducing the region of interest and by identifying factor combinations for new experiments. Given a given response target, O-ASRSM identifies the input factor combination in less number of experiments than the classical single-shot RSM designs. We conducted extensive simulated experiments involving quadratic and nonlinear response functions. The results show that the O-ASRSM method outperforms the popular central composite design, the Box–Behnken design, and the optimal designs and is competitive with other sequential response surface methods in the literature. Furthermore, results indicate that O-ASRSM’s performance is robust with respect to the increasing number of factors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sorting on a Cell Broadband Engine SPU

We adapt merge sort for a single SPU of the Cell Broadband Engine. This adaptation takes advantage of the vector instructions supported by the SPU. Experimental results indicate that our merge sort adaptation is faster than other sort algorithms (e.g., AA sort, Cell sort, quick sort) proposed for the SPU as well as faster than our SPU adaptations of shaker sort and brick sort. An added advantage is that our merge sort adaptation is a stable sort whereas none of the other sort adaptations is stable.
Eye findings in twins reared apart.

Twenty-six pairs of reared apart twins were evaluated ophthalmologically. Included were 18 monozygotic pairs and eight same sex dizygotic pairs. A high concordance of C/ D ratios and esotropia was evident. Though reared apart, three pairs of esotropic MZ twins had almost simultaneous onsets of diagnosis and treatment for their strabismus. Genetic influence on the development of refractive errors was evident by the greater similarity of the refractions in MZ twins when compared to DZ twins.
Demographic Predictors of Nutritional Risk in Elderly Persons

This study examined aspects of nutritional risk among community-dwelling elders (N = 240) to identify age cohort differences in nutritional risk. It was hypothesized that advanced age, female gende...
Intelligent virtual environment for process training

An intelligent virtual environment is described for training users in the operation of complex engineering systems. The environment combines an intelligent agent facility, for tutoring, guiding and/or supervising the training; an object-oriented virtual environment engine, for displaying the engineering system; and a simulator, for simulating the system controls. The intelligent agent facility includes: (a) a hierarchical process knowledge base, (b) a rule-based expert system for natural language understanding, and (c) a human-like virtual characters engine. Three types of objects are used for representing the process knowledge, namely, processes, steps, and constraints. An application of the environment to the interactive training for operating a NASA wind tunnel is described. Two agents in the environment can perform several functions, including conducting an interactive virtual tour of the facility; guiding and supervising the training, as well as certifying the trainee. q 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Conditional overflow probability and profile curve for ATM congestion detection

Many systems in ATM environments require the queue to be monitored for impending congestion before it happens. We characterize impending congestion by measuring how long the queue length has exceeded a certain threshold. Based on the idea of the profile curve, we introduce a new performance measure called the conditional overflow probability which gives a quantitative measure on the congestion state. We develop a matrix analytic method to compute the conditional overflow probability and the profile curve, and present a corresponding algorithm to estimate the two measures using real traffic data.
Hapten design for compound-selective antibodies: ELISAS for environmentally deleterious small molecules

Abstract We have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the herbicide simazine with virtually no recognition of propazine and very low (8%) recognition of atrazine. In this research we have developed a generalized “size-exclusion” concept for designing immunogen hapten structures. The hapten should contain appendages smaller than those of the target analyte thereby generating polyclonal antibodies that exclude recognition of analytes larger than the target molecule. The use of this size-exclusion model, when extended to include coating/tracer haptens, is also able to predict suitable structures for ELISA development.
Systematic revision of colonial kamptozoans (entoprocts) of the Pacific coast of North America

Abstract Collection of colonies in the field and examination of museum specimens revealed eight species of stolonate colonial kamptozoans (entoprocts) occurring on the Pacific coast of North America. One of these,Pedicellina newberryi, is a new species misidentified until now asP. cernua, P. echinata, orP. nutans. A second new species,Barentsia hildegardae, has been misidentified until now asB. gracilis nodosa. These two new species are described, and the remaining six species (Myosoma spinosa,Barentsia benedeni,B. conferta,B. discreta,B. parva, andB. ramosa) are redescribed.B. confertais a replacement name forB. robustaOsburn, 1953, which is an invalid junior homonym. Two species (B. benedeni,B. discreta) have cosmopolitan distributions, while five of the other six appear to be endemic to the northeastern Pacific. The published ranges of three species (B. conferta,B. parva,B. ramosa) are extended considerably farther southward as a result of this investigation. Earlier authors reported the occurrence of several European species (includingPedicellina cernua,P. nutans, andBarentsia gracilis) from the Pacific coast of North America, but closer examination has shown these identifications to be in error. The same colony, stolon, stalk, calyx, reproductive and larval characters were consistently used for each species description, and the character states for each species are summarized in tabular form. A subset of these taxonomic characters was used to carry out a cladistic analysis of the evolutionary relationships between these eight species. The resulting cladogram strongly supports a close relationship betweenBarentsia discreta,B. hildegardae, andB. ramosa.
The Appraisal Remedy in Corporate Law

In corporate law the appraisal remedy gives shareholders the right to dissent from types of corporate transactions and to obtain payment for their shares from the corporation. While the remedy is typically viewed as a form of protection for minority shareholders, the author argues that it is best understood as an implied contractual term that increases the value of all shares.
Cutting Edge: CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Contribute to Gender Differences in Susceptibility to Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Female B10.S mice are highly resistant to proteolipid protein (PLP) 139-151-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and depletion of PLP 139-151-reactive CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells can slightly increase their EAE susceptibility. Although male B10.S mice are moderately susceptible to EAE, we report that depletion of Treg cells in male B10.S mice before immunization with PLP 139-151 renders them highly susceptible to severe EAE with more CNS neutrophil infiltrates than nondepleted controls. Increased susceptibility is associated with an enhanced PLP 139-151-specific T cell response and greater production of IFN-gamma, IL-6, and IL-17. Male CD4+CD25- effector cells depleted of Treg cells proliferate to a greater degree than those from females in response to either anti-CD3 or PLP 139-151. These data suggest that because of their capacity to regulate potent autoaggressive effector cells, Treg cells partly contribute to the resistance to autoimmunity in the male mice.
Energy-conserving and Hamiltonian low-order models in geophysical fluid dynamics

Abstract. Arbitrary truncations in the Galerkin method commonly used to derive low-order models (LOMs) may violate fundamental conservation properties of the original equations, causing unphysical behaviors in LOMs such as unbounded solutions. To avoid these, energy-conserving LOMs are developed in the form of coupled Volterra gyrostats, based on analogies between fluid dynamics and rigid body mechanics. Coupled gyrostats prove helpful in retaining in LOMs the Hamiltonian structure of the original equations. Examples of Hamiltonian LOMs describing 2-D and 3-D Rayleigh-Benard convection are presented, including the celebrated Lorenz model and its 3-D analog.
Scope playback: self-validation in the cloud

The last decade witnessed the emergence of various distributed storage and computation systems for cloud-scale data processing. Scope is the distributed computation platform targeted for a variety of data analysis and data mining applications, powering Bing and other online services at Microsoft. Scope combines benefits of both traditional parallel databases and MapReduce execution engines to allow easy programmability. It features a SQL-like declarative scripting language with .NET extensions, and delivers massive scalability and high performance through advanced optimization. Scope currently operates over tens of thousands of machines and processes over a million jobs per month.Such massive data computation platform presents new challenges and opportunities for efficient and effective testing and validation. Traditional approaches for testing database systems are not always sufficient due to several factors. Model-based query generation typically fails to provide coverage of user-defined code, which is very common in Scope scripts. Additionally, rapid release cycles in the platform-as-a-service environment require tools to quickly identify potential regressions, predict the impact of breaking changes, and provide massive test coverage in a short amount of time. In this paper, we describe a test automation tool, denoted by Scope Playback, that addresses these new requirements. Scope Playback leverages the Scope system itself in two important ways. First, it exploits data about every job submitted to production clusters, which is automatically stored by the Scope system. Second, the testing process itself is implemented as a Scope script, automatically benefiting from transparent and massive computation parallelism. Scope Playback currently serves as one crucial validation technique and ensures product quality during Scope release cycles.
The Moment of Inertia Tensor

We know that Euler’s first law (5.43) relates the total external applied force on a rigid body to the motion of its center of mass, and in the next chapter we shall demonstrate that Euler’s second law (5.44) relates the total external applied torque to the body’s rotational motion through its moment of momentum vector. The latter involves introduction of the moment of inertia tensor studied here; and, of course, the first law involves the location of the center of mass of the body. We begin, therefore, with the concept of the center of mass of a complex structured body and illustrate its application to a materially nonhomogeneous body having a complex shape and cavities. Then the inertia tensor is introduced, and its components for some special homogeneous bodies are determined. Afterwards, some important physical properties of the moment of inertia tensor, properties actually characteristic of all kinds of symmetric tensors, are derived. Consequently, as an additional benefit, study of the inertia tensor provides tools useful, for example, in the study of the mechanics of deformable solid and fluid materials in which stress, strain, and deformation rate tensors play a major role.
Commentary: Is the Paradigm for Humiliation Sufficiently Complex?

The authors Torres and Bergner present a simple, elegant paradigm for understanding the phenomenon of humiliation. They suggest it may have universal applicability and may be of heuristic value for clinicians and policy-makers involved in forensic and social arenas. They offer case examples to illustrate its utility. It is open to question, however, whether the paradigm is sufficiently complex to encompass all the variables in actual situations. In real life, the evolution of humiliation is a highly complicated, often messy process that takes place over time and often results in intense feelings of humiliation in more than one person, often affecting several persons. The authors’ examples are reexamined from alternate assumptions about what may have happened in each case. An additional case example illustrates a high degree of interpersonal complexity, suggesting that actual situations may be too unwieldy to allow for simple analysis by the paradigm.
Fantasy in Food Advertising Targeted at Children

This study examined the use and effects of fantasy in food advertising targeting children. A content analysis documented the prevalence of fantasy appeals, including fantasies that center on product ingredients, animals, and adventures. A qualitative analysis of 8- and 9-year-old children's responses to food advertisements revealed substantial variability in their understanding of advertising, inference of manipulative intent, and use of persuasion knowledge. An experiment among 8- through 10-year-old children found that fantasy was associated with positive attitudes toward an advertisement when perceived manipulative intent was low and negative evaluations when perceived manipulative intent was high.
Sustainable Forest Management: Ciriacywantrup’s Definition of Conservation in Today’s Forest Resource Context

Economic theory has limitations when guiding normative decisions over long periods of time, but empirical estimates suggest that forest owners regularly make decisions based on short-term assessments that lead to long-term sustainability. Ciriacy-Wantrup’s 1952 definition of conservation — shifting resource use toward the future — is an interesting rule that leads from the short-term to the longterm. This rule is applied in a case study of America’s Forest Inventory and Analysis program using the Montr&’eal Process criteria and indicators. The results provide a basis for discussing how to deal with ambiguity in our understanding of the future and guiding policy analysis.
Intravascular ultrasound virtual histology derived thin cap fibroatheroma now you see it, now you don't...

Coronary artery disease continues to intrigue with its multifactorial etiology and unpredictable clinical presentation. In most patients, the initial presentation is an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) frequently manifesting as an infarction, and in the most unfortunate cases, sudden cardiac death.
Assessment of Sex Offender Notification Policy in the United States: Has the Policy Been Working?

The National Sex Offender Registration and Notification (SORN) policies in the United States have been one of the major policies against sex offense since 2006. In this paper, we attempt to assess the policies within a framework of four types of failure in criminal justice reform by Berman and Fox – Theory, Marketing and Politics, Implication, and Self-Reflection. According to the evaluation, the SORN policies have not been successful, fitting into the four failures. Even though the policies were successfully initiated by the public and politics, the lack of theoretical framework led the whole process of the policies into failure. In addition, the implication of the policies has been challenging because of constitutional and ethical concerns of the offenders. Although a sufficient amount of literature has presented the ineffectiveness of the policies, more applications are attempted by policymakers. Before deeper and wider problems occur, the criminal justice system must be more rational on the subject. For future policy reform, we recommend that policymakers consider the previous studies and start to think about a sound framework for the policies.
Unique first forbidden beta decay of Re-183 and Os-185

The decays of $^{183}\mathrm{Re}$ and $^{185}\mathrm{Os}$ were studied by $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectroscopy using Ge(Li) detectors. The $log{f}_{1}t$ value for the 5/2 ${5/2}^{+}$[402]\ensuremath{\rightarrow}9/2 ${1/2}^{\ensuremath{-}}$[510] transition between $^{183}\mathrm{Re}$ and $^{183}\mathrm{W}$ was 9.3, which contrasts to the previously reported value of 8.0. The 5/2 ${1/2}^{+}$[402] $K\ensuremath{-}2$ $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-vibrational state of $^{185}\mathrm{Re}$ was identified for the first time at 768.93 keV. This level is populated from the 1/2 ${1/2}^{\ensuremath{-}}$[510] ground state of $^{185}\mathrm{Os}$ with a $log{f}_{1}t$ value of 10.4.RADIOACTIVITY $^{183}\mathrm{Re}$ [from $^{182}\mathrm{W}(\ensuremath{\alpha},3n)$, $W(\ensuremath{\alpha},xn)$ (9.9-h, 14-h, EC) $^{183}\mathrm{Re}$]; $^{185}\mathrm{Os}$ [from $W(\ensuremath{\alpha},xn)$; measured ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$, ${I}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$, ${T}_{\frac{1}{2}}$, deduced $log\mathrm{ft}$, $^{183}\mathrm{W}$, $^{185}\mathrm{Re}$ deduced levels, $J$, $\ensuremath{\pi}$. Ge(Li) detectors; enriched, natural targets.
Primary amenorrhea in two postpubertal girls with underlying malignancy

Abstract We report two adolescent girls diagnosed with 46, XY gonadal dysgenesis and dysgerminomas who initially presented with delayed menarche. The first patient presented with primary amenorrhea and tall stature at age 14 0/12 years. Elevated serum testosterone levels and subsequent selective venous catheterization for localized testosterone levels indicated a gonadal source of the androgens. Examination of the gonads revealed testicular tissue with Leydig cell hyperplasia, and a dysgerminoma. The second patient presented with primary amenorrhea and an abdominal mass at age 15 0/12 years. Fine-needle biopsy of the mass revealed a dysgerminoma. After 4 months of standard chemotherapy, she underwent gonad-ectomy. Findings included fibrotic gonads with a right gonadoblastoma. These two patients illustrate the importance of evaluating abnormal pubertal development. As Y-bearing intraabdominal gonads are associated with significant risk of neoplasia, this diagnosis is critical and must be followed by gonadectomy.
Trophic Transfer, Transformation, and Impact of Engineered Nanomaterials in Terrestrial Environments

Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are released into the environment with unknown implications in the food chain. Recent findings demonstrate that ENMs may accumulate and/or increase concentrations of the component metal or carbon nanomaterials in the fruits/grains of agricultural crops, have detrimental or beneficial effects on the agronomic traits, yield, and productivity of plants, induce modifications in the nutritional value of food crops, and transfer within trophic levels. Given this information, important questions needed to be resolved include a determination of actual or predicted concentrations of ENMs through the development of new and perhaps hybridized analytical tools, assessment of the nutritional content modifications and/or accumulation of ENMs, component metal, and cocontaminants in edible plants and their implications on human diet, nutrition, and health, assessment of the consequences of ENM-induced changes in soil health, physiological process, and yield on agricultural production and f...
Behavioral interventions to improve glycemic control in African Americans with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: The use of behavioral interventions has been shown to improve glycemic control, however, the effectiveness of different behavioral interventions in one of the most high risk populations, African Americans, remains unclear. Our systematic review identified and examined findings of published behavioral interventions targeted at African Americans to improve glycemic control. The goal of our study was to distinguish which interventions were effective and identify areas for future research. DESIGN: Medline, PsychInfo, and CINAHL were searched for articles published from January 2000 through January 2012 using a reproducible strategy. Study eligibility criteria included interventions aimed at changing behavior in adult African Americans with type 2 diabetes and measured glycemic control. RESULTS: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, of which five showed a statistically significant change in HbA1c in the intervention group when compared to the control group. Summary information and characteristics of the reviewed studies are provided. CONCLUSIONS: Characteristics of successful interventions included using problem solving with the patient, culturally tailoring the intervention, and using a nurse educator. Limitations include the limited number of intervention studies available using glycemic control as the outcome measure. Clinical trials are needed to determine how best to tailor interventions to this largely underserved population and studies should describe details of cultural tailoring to provide information for future programs.
Mahalanobis-Taguchi System for Multiclass Classification of Steel Plates Fault

Fault identification is fundamental to condition monitoring. An identification method for a single fault is unbalanced as there are usually multiple possible failures involved when considering a system. This paper presents a method for applying the Mahalanobis-Taguchi system (MTS) in a multiclass problem space. MTS provides a means of extracting information in a multidimensional system and integrating information from different variables into a single composite metric. MTS is used to construct reference scales by creating individual measurement scales for each class. These measurement scales are based on the Mahalanobis distance (MD) for each sample. Orthogonal arrays (OA) and signal-to-noise (SN) ratio are used to identify variables of importance and these variables are used to construct a reduced model of the measurement scale. By reducing the dimensionality of the problem, less variables are tracked which reduces the cost of the system monitoring. A classification threshold based on 1.5 sigma shift from the centre of the measurement scales was utilised for each class. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the method presented, a case on multiple fault class of manufacturing a steel plate is studied, and results indicate the practicality of the method in industrial applications.
Quality Control of Batch Measurement of Whole Blood Lead

[Objective]To guarantee the correct results of determining whole blood lead content in batch measurement by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry as well as the quantity and quality traceability.[Methods] The method followed the technology standard of blood lead clinical test which was attached to document([2006] no.10) issued by Ministry of Public Health.[Results]The result of measuring whole blood lead content had good linear relationship. The correlation coefficient is 0.9997,the lowest detection limit was 5 μg/L,the concentration of quantitative detection is 15 μg/L,the recovery of standard addition was during 90%～110%,the RSD of parallel double sample was 1.1%～8.9%. Standard reference materials were controlled well in the whole experiment by average quality control chart.[Conclusion]Using several quality control methods to control the process of experiment for batch measurement of whole blood lead content has a good effect,and it plays an important role in correct result guaranteeing.
Prescribed fire effects on population dynamics of an annual grassland.

ABSTRACT Medusahead (Elymus caput-medusae [L.] Nevski) is a highly damaging invasive annual grass in California rangelands. While it has been shown that prescribed fire can be a successful tool in controllingmedusahead populations, fire treatments are not always successful. Given the sociological and economic constraints of prescribed fire use, it is critically important that we maximize likelihood of treatment success. We conducted experimental investigation of population dynamics of competing species from different functional groups: invasive annual medusahead, naturalized but forageable nonnative wild oat (Avena spp. Pott ex Link), and native perennial purple needlegrass (Stipa pulchra [Hitchc.] Barkworth). We observed population dynamics at the 1-m2 scale before and after treatments of prescribed fire and seed-limitation (weed whipping in a 1-m buffer area). We asked 1) what is the role of seed dispersal from burn edges on subsequent medusahead population size? and 2) how do density and fecundity of t...
Detection of HNO by Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry

Membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) is an established method used to detect gases dissolved in solution through the use of a semipermeable hydrophobic membrane that allows the dissolved gases, but not the liquid phase, to enter a mass spectrometer. MIMS has been used in a wide variety of applications, including the measurement of carbon dioxide in physiological studies and the detection of nitric oxide in both aqueous and blood solutions. Interest in the unique biological activity of azanone (HNO, nitroxyl) has highlighted the need for new sensitive and direct detection methods. Recently, MIMS has been shown to be a viable method for HNO detection with nanomolar sensitivity under physiologically relevant conditions. In addition, this technique has been used to explore potential biological pathways to HNO production.
Physical and Occupational Therapy in Palliative Care

Rehabilitation in palliative care addresses physical limitations caused either by a severely debilitating or life-threatening illness. Physical limitations may be caused by tumor mass effects or by the treatments used for palliation of that illness. Palliative rehabilitation can be divided into three categories: preventative, restorative, and supportive. Preventative rehabilitation attempts to address and prevent functional decline by addressing and correcting morbidity caused by cancer or its treatment. When long-term impairment can be avoided, restorative rehabilitation attempts to return patients to their premorbid functional status. Supportive rehabilitation attempts to maximize function after permanent impairments caused by cancer and/or its treatment [Javier and Montagnini. J Palliat Med. 14(5):638–648, 2011].
The expression of Nectin-4 on the surface of ovarian cancer cells alters their ability to adhere, migrate, aggregate, and proliferate

// Kristin L.M. Boylan 1 , Petra C. Buchanan 1 , Rory D. Manion 1 , Dip M. Shukla 1 , Kelly Braumberger 1 , Cody Bruggemeyer 1 , Amy P.N. Skubitz 1 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Correspondence to: Amy P.N. Skubitz, email: skubi002@umn.edu Keywords: Nectin-4, ovarian cancer, cell adhesion, spheroids, migration Received: February 11, 2016 Accepted: December 05, 2016 Published: December 25, 2016 ABSTRACT The cell adhesion molecule Nectin-4 is overexpressed in epithelial cancers, including ovarian cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the biological significance of Nectin-4 in the adhesion, aggregation, migration, and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Nectin-4 and its binding partner Nectin-1 were detected in patients’ primary tumors, omental metastases, and ascites cells. The human cell lines NIH:OVCAR5 and CAOV3 were genetically modified to alter Nectin-4 expression. Cells that overexpressed Nectin-4 adhered to Nectin-1 in a concentration and time-dependent manner, and adhesion was inhibited by antibodies to Nectin-4 and Nectin-1, as well as synthetic Nectin peptides. In functional assays, CAOV3 cells with Nectin-4 knock-down were unable to form spheroids and migrated more slowly than CAOV3 parental cells expressing Nectin-4. NIH:OVCAR5 parental cells proliferated more rapidly, migrated faster, and formed larger spheroids than either the Nectin-4 knock-down or over-expressing cells. Parental cell lines expressed higher levels of epithelial markers and lower levels of mesenchymal markers compared to Nectin-4 knock-down cells, suggesting a role for Nectin-4 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Our results demonstrate that Nectin-4 promotes cell-cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Understanding the biology of Nectin-4 in ovarian cancer progression is critical to facilitate its development as a novel therapeutic target.
Laparoscopic evaluation of the small intestine in the standing horse: Technique and effects.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and clinical outcomes after laparoscopic evaluation of the small intestines via laparoscopy. Study design Prospective pilot study. Animals Healthy adult horses (n = 5). Methods Horses were restrained in standing stocks and received an infusion of detomidine. One port was placed in the left last intercostal space and 3 ports were placed in the right paralumbar fossa. The small intestine was run with atraumatic laparoscopic grasping forceps, from the duodenocolic plica to the ileocecal plica. Postoperative pain was scored every 4 hours for the first 48 hours. Horses were monitored via physical examinations for 2 weeks. Second look laparoscopy was repeated at 2 weeks, to run the small intestine and assess iatrogenic changes. An exploratory celiotomy was performed in 2 horses, 2 months later and long-term follow-up was recorded in 3 horses. Results Laparoscopic evaluation of the entire small intestine was successfully completed twice in every horse. This evaluation lasted 39 ± 21.2 minutes (mean ± SD), while total surgery time was 73 ± 34.1 minutes. Postoperative physical examinations remained normal in all horses, and pain scores were scored as mild. The only abnormalities at second look laparoscopy consisted of multifocal petechiae and ecchymoses in all horses, resolved by 2 months in the 2 horses explored via celiotomy. Three horses with long-term follow-up were healthy 8 months after the study. Conclusion Running the small intestine laparoscopically is a feasible procedure in standing normal horses, and does not cause significant discomfort nor complications.
Does Risk Adjustment Reduce Vaccination in the Elderly? Evidence From Medicare Advantage.

To combat risk selection, it is becoming increasingly common for payments to insurers (and providers) to adjust for patients’ chronic conditions. A possible unintended negative consequence is to re...
Fracture Energy and Thermal Shock Resistance of Mica Glass-Ceramics

Recent development of mica glass-ceramics provides a family of materials whose microstructures consist of highly interlocked two-dimensional mica flakes in a brittle matrix of glass.1–3 Some of the most interesting properties of mica glass-ceramics include a high degree of machinability, high values of fracture surface energy, and a wide range of strength.
Perinatal depression treatments for US Latinas: A review of research findings

The Hispanic-heritage population of the United States has grown considerably in the past 2 decades. While the growth in the Hispanic-origin population has been profoundly influenced by spikes in immigration from large countries (e.g., Mexico) and small countries from Central and South America, and the Caribbean, it has also been part of the growth of second and later generation Hispanics.
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-induced pancreatitis: case report

Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammation of the pancreas that varies in severity from mild to life threatening usually requiring hospitalization. The true incidence of drug-induced pancreatitis (DIP) is indeterminate due to the inadequate documentation of case reports of DIP. Here we present the case of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-induced pancreatitis in a previously healthy male after excluding all other causes of pancreatitis. A 58-year-old Caucasian man presenting for acute sharp abdominal pain with associated nausea and heaves. Pain was non-radiating and worsening with movement. Patient had no constitutional symptoms. The only medication he received prior to presentation was amoxicillin/clavulanic acid as prophylaxis for a dental procedure with his symptoms starting on day 9th of therapy. Laboratory studies revealed mild leukocytosis, increased levels of serum lipase, amylase, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Abdominal computed tomography (CT) was notable for acute pancreatitis with no pseudocyst formation. Hence, patient was diagnosed with mild acute pancreatitis that was treated with aggressive intravenous (IV) hydration and pain management with bowel rest of 2 days duration and significant improvement being noticed within 72 h. On further questioning, patient recalled that several years ago he had similar abdominal pain that developed after taking amoxicillin/clavulanic acid but did not seek medical attention at that time and the pain resolved within few days while abstaining from food intake. All other causes of pancreatitis were ruled out in this patient who is non-alcoholic, non-smoker, and never had gallstones. Abdominal ultrasound and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) eliminated out the possibility of gallstones, biliary ductal dilatation, or choledocholithiasis. Patient had no hypertriglyceridemia nor hypercalcemia, never had endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), never took steroids, has no known malignancy, infection, trauma, or exposure to scorpions. This case describes a patient with DIP after the intake of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and when all other common causes of acute pancreatitis were excluded. Only two other case reports were available through literature review regarding amoxicillin/clavulanic acid- induced pancreatitis. We again stress on the importance of identifying and reporting cases of DIP to raise awareness among physicians and clinicians.
Gamma-Tocotrienol Attenuates the Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis by Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mice.

Scope Gamma-tocotrienol (γT3), an unsaturated isoform of vitamin E, is implicated in the hepatoprotective effects. The aim is to determine the effectiveness of γT3 on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods and results C57BL/6 male mice are fed a diet containing high fat (45%) and cholesterol (0.2%) along with sucrose drink (HFCS) or HFCS diet supplemented with 0.1% γT3 (HFCS + γT3). The inclusion of γT3 robustly decreases the HFCS diet-induced de novo lipogenesis (DNL), ER stress, and inflammation leading to reduced hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Next, mice are fed a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet or MCD diet with γT3 (MCD + γT3). The γT3 supplementation significantly reduces the MCD diet-induced hepatic ER stress and fibrosis despite the minimal impact on steatosis. To further investigate the role of ER stress, the mice with genetic ablation of CHOP are fed an MCD or MCD + γT3 diet. CHOP deletion abolishes the γT3-mediated suppression of hepatic fibrosis, suggesting that modulation of ER stress is a prerequisite to inhibit hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Conclusion γT3 supplementation is effective in attenuating NAFLD and fibrosis through a synergistic mechanism of decreased DNL and hepatic ER stress. This work strongly supports the translational potential of γT3 supplementation against NAFLD.
In Toto Imaging of Dynamic Osteoblast Behaviors in Regenerating Skeletal Bone

Summary Osteoblasts are matrix-depositing cells that can divide and heal bone injuries. Their deep-tissue location and the slow progression of bone regeneration challenge attempts to capture osteoblast behaviors in live tissue at high spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we have developed an imaging platform to monitor and quantify individual and collective behaviors of osteoblasts in adult zebrafish scales, skeletal body armor discs that regenerate rapidly after loss. Using a panel of transgenic lines that visualize and manipulate osteoblasts, we find that a founder pool of osteoblasts emerges through de novo differentiation within one day of scale plucking. These osteoblasts undergo division events that are largely uniform in frequency and orientation to establish a primordium. Osteoblast proliferation dynamics diversify across the primordium by two days after injury, with cell divisions focused near, and with orientations parallel to, the scale periphery, occurring coincident with dynamic localization of fgf20a gene expression. In posterior scale regions, cell elongation events initiate in areas soon occupied by mineralized grooves called radii, beginning approximately 2 days post injury, with patterned osteoblast death events accompanying maturation of these radii. By imaging at single-cell resolution, we detail acquisition of spatiotemporally distinct cell division, motility, and death dynamics within a founder osteoblast pool as bone regenerates.
Rare Mesenchymal Breast Entities that Mimic Malignancy: A Single-institution Experience of a Challenging Diagnosis.

Background Benign mesenchymal tumors of the breast are rare and may mimic invasive carcinoma on imaging and morphology, thus becoming clinically challenging for clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists. To improve the understanding of these lesions and to avoid erroneous diagnosis and inappropriate treatment, we report our institution's experience with seven cases of granular cell tumor (GCT) and myofibroblastoma (MFB) in the past 10 years. Materials and methods Seven cases of benign mesenchymal tumors of the breast were identified at the University of Texas Medical Branch from 2008 to 2018. Breast biopsies were collected from all patients after mammography and ultrasound imaging classified their results as suspicious or highly suggestive of malignancy by the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS ≥ 4A). All cases were reviewed to study the morphologic features and their immunoprofiles. The demographic characteristics, methods of treatment, postoperative pathological results, and follow-up results of the cases were then analyzed and compared to peer-reviewed literature. Results The study consisted of five females and two males with a mean age of 50 years in the GCT patients and 62 years in MFB patients. We identified four cases of GCT and three cases of MFB. The mean tumor size was 1.9 cm. Clinically, five patients presented with a palpable nontender mass, one with breast asymmetry, and one was asymptomatic. All patients underwent imaging studies prior to core needle biopsy. BI-RADS was ≥4B in patients with GCT and 4A-C in MFB. Definitive diagnosis was made by histopathology and confirmed by immunohistochemistry in accordance with the features described in the literature. Six patients underwent wide excision. The mean follow-up duration was 44.5 months. All patients remained well, without recurrence. Conclusions MFB and GCT can mimic malignant neoplasms and the clinical significance of these entities lies primarily in their recognition as distinctive benign neoplasms. The gold standard for the diagnosis of GCT and MFB is histopathology. All the cases in our series were clinically or radiologically mistaken for carcinoma, which has been largely reported in the literature. Pathologists should bear this in mind to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment.
Towards Real-time 3D Reconstruction using Consumer UAVs.

We present a near real-time solution for 3D reconstruction from aerial images captured by consumer UAVs. Our core idea is to simplify the multi-view stereo problem into a series of two-view stereo matching problems. Our method applies to UAVs equipped with only one camera and does not require special stereo capturing setups. We found that the neighboring two video frames taken by UAVs flying at a mid-to-high cruising altitude can be approximated as left and right views from a virtual stereo camera. Leveraging GPU-accelerated real-time stereo estimation and efficient PnP correspondence solving algorithms, our system simultaneously predicts scene geometry and camera position/orientation from the virtual stereo cameras. Also, this method allows user-selection of varying baseline lengths, which provides more flexibility given the trade-off between camera resolution, effective measuring distance, flight altitude and mapping accuracy. Our method outputs dense point clouds at a constant speed of 25 frames per second and is validated on a variety of real-world datasets with satisfactory results.
Trends in Top Journals in Criminology and Criminal Justice

How has publishing in the field of criminology and criminal justice (CCJ) changed over the last thirty years? Using a dataset combining information on all articles published in the “Big 5” CCJ jour...
97. RESIDENT NOON CONFERENCE FEEDBACK IN THE DIGITAL AGE: A QI PROJECT

Background Noon conference lectures are a valuable education tool for residency programs, but feedback is difficult to obtain with many methods unsuccessful. Our program used paper and audience polling systems without meaningful responses as the feedback consisted of a numerical rating without comments. Given the availability of smartphones, Quick Response (QR) codes may provide a sustainable method for feedback. Aim Statement By December 2018, we will increase feedback participation for noon conference lectures to 75% of residents in attendance utilizing QR codes and Google Forms. Interventions PDSA cycles were completed monthly to track changes in resident response rate. In cycle 1, chief residents asked residents to use the QR code to complete feedback. In cycle 2, feedback results were discussed during the monthly housestaff meeting. In cycle 3, faculty presenters displayed the QR code and asked residents to participate. In cycle 4, QR codes were placed in the conference hall. In cycle 5, QR codes were displayed Friday before conference. In cycle 6, faculty were provided education on the QR code process. Measures Following the model for improvement, we reviewed prior attempts to obtain resident feedback and compiled baseline data. Surveys consisting of a 5 point rating scale and comment section were linked to a QR code. The primary outcome was the percent of residents in attendance providing feedback via the QR code. Results Over six months, we were unable to meet the goal of a 75% response rate. However, monthly median response rates increased from the baseline 27.9% to 34.2% at the end of cycle 6 indicating a 22.5% change from baseline in participation. The run chart indicates several runs of data, possibly indicating multiple data sets such as different response rates by residency class. Conclusions and Next Steps Though we have not reached our goal, we have been able to get meaningful feedback from the residents for faculty. Using this feedback, we can guide topic selection for resident lectures and provide feedback on lecture styles to create a more engaging learning environment. Additional cycles are planned working toward the 75% goal, evaluating response rates by class and day of the week.
Informal urbanisation and clientelism: Measuring the global relationship:

This paper uses newly released data on political behaviour and urban growth to identify, for the first time, a statistical correlation between clientelism (the informal provision of benefits, inclu...
Deoxygenation reactions of 1-alkenyl nitro compounds with ethyl phosphites and alkylmercury iodides: promotion of reactions of tertiary-butylmercury halides with [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated nitriles in the presence of proton donors

Reactions of excess RS" (R=Ph, f-Bu) with Ph2C=C(SPh)N02 in Me2S0 form Ph2C=CHSR via conversion of the initial Michael-type adducts into Ph2C(SR)CH=N02' and Ph2C=CHN02. In a similar fashion, reaction of (EtO)2PO" with Ph2C=C(SPh)N02 forms initially PhSP(0)(0Et)2 and Ph2C[P(0)(0Et)2]CH=N02' which upon acidic work­ up will yield the nitroalkane or the Nef reaction product, Ph2C[P(0)(0Et)2]CH0. The reaction of (EtO)2POwith Ph2C=C(SPh)N02 also produces Ph2C[P(0)(0Et)2]CN via a Perkow-type reaction of the Michael adduct to yield, Ph2[P(0)(0Et)2]CH=N(0)0P(0)(0Et)2 as an intermediate. The nitrile is also formed from Ph2C[P(0)(0Et)2]CH(N02)2 with (EtO)2POin (Et0)2P(0)H or Me2S0 at 30 OC and in >95% yield by the reaction of (EtO)3P with Ph2[P(0)(0Et)2]CH(N02)2 at 150 OC. Reaction of Ph2C=C(R)N02 (R=H, CH3) or Ph2C[P(0)(0Et)2]CH2N02 with excess (EtO)2PO" in Me2S0 or (EtO)2P(0)H forms 3-(diethoxyphosphinyl)-2,2-diphenylaziridine (R=H) and 3-(diethoxyphosphinyl)-3-methyl-2,2-diphenylaziridine (R=Me) by a process postulated to involve Ph2C=C(R)N(0")0P(0)(0Et)2, Ph2C=C(R)N0P(0)(0Et)2' and 2,2-diphenyl-2//-azirine or 2,2diphenyl-3-methyl-2//-azirine. Similarly, Ph2C=C(SBu-f)N02 and (EtO)2PO" give 3-(/^rf-butylthiyl)-2,2-diphenyl-2//-azirine in Me2S O or 2-(r^/-/-butylthiyl)-3-phenylindole in (Et0)2P(0)H solution. Reaction of (£)-PhHC=C(Ph)N02 (cis-a-nitrostilbene) with (EtO)2PO" in Me2S0 forms diethyl(2-nitro-l,2-diphenylethyl)phosphonate while in
Efficacy of Cangrelor as Bridging Therapy Post PCI.

Background Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) remains the cornerstone management for the prevention of acute stent thrombosis after percutaneous intervention (PCI). Situations mandating early interruption of DAPT carry a high risk of ischemic complications. Perioperative bridge therapy using Cangrelor, an intravenous P2Y2 inhibitor, may offer a potential solution. Unfortunately, evidence for its use in non-cardiac procedures is limited. Methods Our protocol demonstrates successful off-label use of IV Cangrelor bridge therapy in a non-cardiac surgery patient. We describe a case of a 77-year old male; triple therapy with Aspirin, Apixaban, and Ticagrelor for recent drug-eluting stent placement required immediate surgical resection of stage I colonic adenocarcinoma. Results Cangrelor bridge therapy was utilized both preoperatively and postoperatively without ischemic or bleeding complications. The patient tolerated exploratory laparoscopic colectomy with minimal bleeding and good post-op recovery. Conclusion Minimizing the interruption of DAPT therapy in high-risk patients is achievable. However, careful planning with a team-based approach involving surgeons, cardiologists and pharmacists, along with close clinical follow-up and vigilant management of anti-platelet therapy is recommended.
Abstract 17: An Evaluation of Patient Disposition and Long-term Health-related Quality of Life In MISTIE III: Opportunities to Improve Decision Making for Critically Ill Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients

Introduction: Recovery in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is prolonged and unpredictable, resulting in challenges in estimating health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We describe HRQoL and patient ...