cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mine-Product Variability Estimators Wth Emphasis on the Case of Coal

Two estimators are derived for the variability of small lots, such as barges or trains, around the mean of all small lots shipped in some fixed time frame such as a month or a quarter. These estimators are designed to account for simultaneous mining from any number of mining machines dispersed over a property and depend on the in situ spatial autocorrelation expressed by exploratory drill cores and in-mine sampling and on variability in mining-machine productivity. The two estimators, both approximations, are referred to as the expanded form and the reduced form. The reduced form is considerably easier to apply than the expanded form, although it requires more restrictive assumptions. A sensitivity analysis is provided that demonstrates the reasonableness of these stricter assumptions for mine plans and variograms typical of coal. Comparisons of estimated and actual mine-output variability are provided.
Statistically based parametric yield prediction for integrated circuits

This paper presents a novel procedure for predicting integrated circuit parametric performance and yield when provided with sample transistor test results and a circuit schematic. Two enhancements to the existing Monte Carlo simulation procedures are described: (1) a multivariate nested model is used to reproduce random process-induced device-variations, rather than the multivariate multinormal model typically used, and (2) the stochastic Monte Carlo method for mapping process variability into a performance distribution is replaced with a deterministic mapping technique. The use of multivariate nested distributions allows estimation not only of correlation between various model parameters, but also allows each of those variations to be apportioned among the various stages of the process (i.e., wafer to wafer, lot to lot, etc.). This allows matched devices to be more accurately simulated, without having to develop customized models for each configuration of matching, and provides focus for process improvement efforts into those areas with the maximum potential reward. The use of deterministic mapping provides simulation results which are repeatable and do not rely on chance to insure that the process parameter space has been evenly explored. A software package which implements the entire procedure has been written in C++.
Modified Specimen Preparation for Applied‐Moment Double‐Cantilever‐Beam Testing

A method is discussed for preparing applied-moment double-cantileverbeam specimens used in fracture toughness (KIc) testing. This procedure eliminates the need to precrack the specimens, which often leads to specimen failure before testing. In addition to yielding toughness values which are in agreement with literature values, this method allows the experimenter greater control in selecting the location of failure initiation.
A Reusable Process Control System Framework for the Orbiting Carbon Observatory and NPP Sounder PEATE Missions

We describe a reusable architecture and implementation framework for managing science processing pipelines for mission ground data systems. Our system, dubbed ``PCS'', for Process Control System, improves upon an existing software component, the OODT Catalog and Archive (CAS), which has already supported the QuikSCAT, SeaWinds and AMT earth science missions. This paper focuses on PCS within the context of two current earth science missions: the Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO), and NPP Sounder PEATE projects.
The Blues Broaden, but the Nasty Narrows: Attentional Consequences of Negative Affects Low and High in Motivational Intensity

Positive and negative affects high in motivational intensity cause a narrowing of attentional focus. In contrast, positive affects low in motivational intensity cause a broadening of attentional focus. The attentional consequences of negative affects low in motivational intensity have not been experimentally investigated. Experiment 1 compared the attentional consequences of negative affect low in motivational intensity (sadness) relative to a neutral affective state. Results indicated that low-motivation negative affect caused attentional broadening. Experiment 2 found that disgust, a high-motivation negative affect not previously investigated in attentional studies, narrowed attentional focus. These experiments support the conceptual model linking high-motivation affective states to narrowed attention and low-motivation affective states to broadened attention.
Road development and market access on Nicaragua's Atlantic coast: implications for household fishing and farming practices

The simplistic portrayal of road development as a classic environment versus development debate may be because the indirect pathways connecting road building with environmental change are poorly understood. Recent road development in previously remote regions of Nicaragua provides an opportunity to investigate these pathways. This paper examines the effects of increased market access on household resource use on the Atlantic coast of Nicaragua. Specifically, it looks at shifting market flow and price changes for natural resources and corresponding fishing and farming decisions in communities with varying degrees of market access before and after road completion. Fisheries markets were more responsive to market access increases than agricultural markets. With increased access, fishers increasingly sold to non-local buyers, overall export of fisheries' products increased and markets for new products emerged. Prices of fisheries goods were higher with proximity to markets and availability of non-local export outlets, and prices for some were more stable after the road was completed. There were no observed changes in household fishing and farming investments during the year-long study, and therefore the environmental implications of increased market access remain uncertain. Longer-term studies and additional biological monitoring are needed to determine the full environmental consequences of market access.
Pregnant adolescents in the emergency department: Diagnosed and not diagnosed

A study was conducted to compare the presenting complaints and historical information of adolescents diagnosed as pregnant (DP) in the emergency department (ED) with adolescents seen in the ED who were pregnant and not diagnosed (MP). Medical records for the period 1980-94 were retrospectively analyzed to identify patients 16 years of age or younger who were diagnosed as pregnant in the ED or who had a live birth and had an ED visit during pregnancy. This analysis was done in a university-affiliated tertiary referral hospital with approximately 65,000 ED visits and 3,500 deliveries each year. The DP patients had complaints referable to the abdomen or genitourinary system more commonly than the MP patients (91% v 22%). Less than 10% of the DP patients mentioned the possibility of pregnancy at initial triage, 10.5% denied being sexually active, and 5% had a pelvic examination and sexually transmitted disease screening; 68% of MP patients did not have sexual or menstrual history documented, and 5% had a pelvic examination. The diagnosis of pregnancy can be a challenge in patients who present to a busy ED with complaints that are not necessarily suggestive of pregnancy. Historical information regarding menses and sexual activity is either not obtained or is incomplete or inaccurate. We recommend a low threshold for the consideration of pregnancy in adolescents irrespective of the presenting complaint.
Two new species of Platymantis (Anura: Ranidae) from New Britain

We redescribe the poorly known Platymantis akarithymus and describe two new species of this terrestrial frog genus from the Nakanai Mts. of eastern New Britain Island. All are small inhabitants of the leaf litter. Discovery of the two new species increases the known diversity of the genus on New Britain to 15 species, ten of which we routinely found to occur in syntopy. The two new fossorial species are diminutive and extend the morphological and ecological diversity seen in this assemblage. Several pairs of apparent sibling species are found on New Britain and these are likely the result of geological events that have divided the island into smaller islands in the past. We anticipate that further sibling species will be discovered once the Whiteman Range of western New Britain is properly explored.
Vimentin-dependent utilization of LDL-cholesterol in human adrenal tumor cells is not associated with the level of expression of apoE, sterol carrier protein-2, or caveolin.

SW-13 adrenal tumor cells that lack detectable in- termediate filaments (IF-free) exhibit an impaired capacity to esterify lipoprotein-derived cholesterol compared with cells that contain vimentin filaments. IF-free cells were found to synthesize and secrete significant amounts of apoE, while apoE secretion was nearly undetectable in cell lines that spontaneously express vimentin. However, stable transfectants that express a mouse vimentin cDNA exhib- ited elevated levels of cholesterol esterification and apoE secretion compared with untransfected IF-free cells, indi- cating that apoE secretion is not directly related to the ca- pacity of these cells to esterify cholesterol. Some of the cell lines that differed in the level of apoE synthesis and secre- tion had similar levels of apoE mRNA, suggesting that the differences in expression involve a post-transcriptional mechanism. Treatment of these cells with forskolin and IBMX, 8br-cAMP, or TPA had no effect on apoE secretion. The level of sterol carrier protein-2 (SCP 2 ) synthesis and the distribution of SCP 2 between membrane and soluble cellular fractions was not observably different in cells that contained or lacked vimentin. SW-13 cell lines contained little or no detectable caveolin-1 or caveolin-2. These studies demonstrate that the difference in the capacity of these ad- renal tumor cells that contain or lack vimentin filaments to esterify low density lipoprotein-cholesterol is not obviously associated with the level of expression or distribution of apoE, SCP 2 , or caveolins. —Holwell, T. A., S. C. Schweitzer, M. E. Reyland, and R. M. Evans. Vimentin-dependent utiliza- tion of LDL-cholesterol in human adrenal tumor cells is not associated with the level of expression of apoE, sterol car- rier protein-2, or caveolin. J. Lipid Res. 1999. 40: 1440- 1452.
Predicted slowdown in the rate of Atlantic sea ice loss

Coupled climate models initialized from historical climate states and subject to anthropogenic forcings can produce skillful decadal predictions of sea surface temperature change in the subpolar North Atlantic. The skill derives largely from initialization, which improves the representation of slow changes in ocean circulation and associated poleward heat transport. We show that skillful predictions of decadal trends in Arctic winter sea ice extent are also possible, particularly in the Atlantic sector. External radiative forcing contributes to the skill of retrospective decadal sea ice predictions, but the spatial and temporal accuracy is greatly enhanced by the more realistic representation of ocean heat transport anomalies afforded by initialization. Recent forecasts indicate that a spin-down of the thermohaline circulation that began near the turn of the century will continue, and this will result in near-neutral decadal trends in Atlantic winter sea ice extent in the coming years, with decadal growth in select regions.
Hepatic Arterial Infusion Pump Chemotherapy for Colorectal Liver Metastases: Making a Comeback?

Nearly half of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer will develop metastases during their lifetime; the majority of them were found within the liver. Surgical resection of liver metastases is the only curative therapy with 5-year survival rates ranging from 40 to 58 %. Unfortunately, less than 25 % of patients are eligible for resection. Before the advent of the modern systemic chemotherapy era, the administration of hepatic artery infusion (HAI) chemotherapy was widespread in the treatment of colorectal liver metastasis (CLM). However, due to a lack of demonstrated increased survival following HAI therapy compared to systemic chemotherapy alone, its use has fallen out of favor. Recently, multiple studies have demonstrated that HAI therapy may fill a role in the treatment of CLM disease in patients who have either progressed on first-line systemic chemotherapy in the palliative setting or are considered candidates for conversion from unresectable to resectable liver-only disease. The lack of large randomized clinical trials demonstrating clinical efficacy has precluded HAI chemotherapy use to be considered standard of care outside of a research setting in the adjuvant setting.
Great Job Ladies, Now Give Us Our Jobs Back!

“The Angel of No Man’s Land” is full of conservative themes relating to the experience of women in America during the early 1900s. Women during the early 20th century were expected to follow several guidelines or social norms, mostly revolving around religious piety and caregiving. The so­called “angel” in this image is depicted as a nurse, rising high above the battlefield with heavenly rays of light emanating from her. Despite progress being made by suffragists, images such as this still appeared to the public in an attempt to glorify the traditional woman. Men were afraid that women were going to rise up and demand their rights and freedoms, so they continued to pump out propaganda such as this work in order to reinforce the motherly, loving image of women. The three major themes of religion, motherhood, and domesticity are the driving forces behind this particular piece.
A note on isoperimetric inequalities for logarithmic potentials

Abstract We give an inequality for all Schatten p -norms with p ≥ 2 , on a class of bounded domains majorized by a given domain. We partially prove the Ruzhansky–Suragan's conjecture [12] , by showing that for any integer p ≥ 3 , the square (cube) is a maximizer of Schatten p -norm of the logarithmic (Newtonian) potential among all rectangles (rectangular parallelepipeds) of a given Lebesgue measure.
Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Inc.

This case considers the sudden and very large drop in the market value of equity for Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Inc. associated with a series of announcements in 2004. These announcements caused investors to revise their expectations about the future growth of Krispy Kreme, which had been one of the most rapidly growing American corporations in the new millennium. The task for the student is to evaluate the implications of these announcements and assess the financial health of the company. This case is intended to be introductory: it can provide a first exercise in financial statement analysis and lay the foundation for two important financial themes, the concept of financial "health" and the financial-economic definition of "value" and its determinants.
Empirical Research in Managerial Accounting: A Value-Based Management Perspective

This paper applies a value-based management framework to critically review empirical research in managerial accounting. This framework enables us to place the exceptionally diverse set of managerial accounting studies from the past several decades into an integrated structure. Our synthesis highlights the many consistent results in prior research, identifies remaining gaps and inconsistencies, discusses common methodological and econometric problems, and suggests fruitful avenues for future managerial accounting research.
Passage of Testosterone-4-C14 from the Egg Shell to the Albumin

Abstract A variety of substances may be introduced into the egg by immersing 2-4 cm. of the pointed end into prepared solutions (Seltzer, 1956). We have inhibited or eliminated the development of the bursa of Fabricius by dipping the egg into varying concentrations of testosterone propionate (Glick, 1964). We have attempted to determine the amount of testosterone propionate (TP) that enters the egg by a bioassay procedure (Wilson and Glick, 1966) or by measuring theμl. of solution removed per egg (Sato and Glick, 1964). In 3 of 5 bioassays 54 μg. of TP was found in the albumin 20 minutes after dipping the egg in 640 mg. TP per 100 ml. ethyl alcohol (EA). The values in the two remaining bioassays exceeded 100 μg. TP yielding a mean for the 5 experiments of 81 μg. Measuring the volume of Ea removed per egg suggested that between 74 and 111 μg of.…
USE OF β-BLOCKERS IN MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES WITH SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE AND HYPOTENSION, ASTHMA, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE OR PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Metoprolol succinate, bisoprolol and carvedilol (evidence-based β-blockers) improve outcomes in systolic heart failure (HF). However, conditions such as hypotension, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) may limit their use. We identified
Myocardial Fibrosis in Congenital Heart Disease

Myocardial fibrosis is common in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and has been associated with arrhythmias, decreased functional status, and adverse ventricular mechanics. There are multiple types of myocardial fibrosis that occur in response to different pathophysiologic stimuli. Recent advances in imaging technology have made detection and quantification of the types of myocardial fibrosis possible. In this review, we describe the pathophysiology of myocardial fibrosis, examine the imaging techniques used to evaluate fibrosis, and discuss the relationship between myocardial fibrosis and clinical outcomes in CHD. (Circ J 2016; 80: 1300-1307).
System Responsive to ICT Security Incidents in the LAN

The system responsive to ICT security incidents in the LAN is presented. The system is implemented in the Industrial Research Institute for Automation and Measurements PIAP, Poland. In everyday practice, while processing of information, it is necessary to deal with IT security incidents. They are single events or series of events related to the security of classified information. They threaten the confidentiality, availability and integrity of information. Implementation of the system required the following steps: choice of the sources of information based on which assessment of the level of threats will be carried out, definition of the method of analysis of data from the chosen sources of information, definition of a single, common storage of information about threats, realization of the feedback which will introduce modifications in the router in order to counteract threats. For the sources of information were selected: continuously recorded packet flows from CISCO router, information from RBL servers, web server logs and current behavior of LAN, observed by the system administrator. The methods of data analysis included: threat assessment based on the analysis of flows in the router, assessment of the level of threats based on a web server log analysis and assessment of risks in router and web server based on information from the RBL servers. For storage of data coming from sources of information, the MySQL database was used. The essence of feedback is a self-acting modification of Access Control List (ACL) on the CISCO router. As a result of the research work, the system was implemented which attempts to automatically remove LAN security threats.
Modeling essential elastoplastic features of compacted silty sand via suction-controlled triaxial testing.

AbstractExperimental results from a comprehensive series of suction-controlled, consolidated drained (CD) triaxial tests, conducted on statically compacted specimens of unsaturated silty sand, are presented. The experimental program was accomplished in a newly implemented, fully automated double-walled triaxial test system via the axis-translation technique. Results were thoroughly analyzed to gain critical insight into some of the essential elastoplastic features of compacted intermediate geomaterials under controlled suction states, including the effect of suction on yield stress, apparent cohesion, tensile strength, and critical state line, as well as postpeak softening and strain-induced dilatancy under suction-controlled monotonic shearing. Constitutive parameters postulated by the Barcelona basic model (BBM) were then experimentally calibrated and used for prediction of compacted silty sand response at matric suction states that varied from 50 to 750 kPa. Predicted values of deviatoric stress at cri...
Graft failure after T-cell-depleted human leukocyte antigen identical marrow transplants for leukemia: II. In vitro analyses of host effector mechanisms.

To identify mechanisms potentially contributing to graft failure, 19 leukemic recipients of T-cell-depleted marrow transplants who failed to engraft following a transplant of HLA identical sibling marrow depleted of T cells by soybean agglutinin (SBA) and sheep erythrocytes (E) were evaluated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated at the time of failure were consistently of host origin, bearing the phenotype of suppressor T cells (CD3+, CD8+, Leu 7+). A direct cytolytic effect on 51Cr-labeled donor-derived target cells was not detected, a finding that contrasts with the donor-specific cytotoxic host T lymphocytes that have been regularly observed in patients rejecting HLA nonidentical SBA -E- BMTs. However, these host T cells did exhibit a strong and specific suppressive activity against the donor marrow CFU- GM in vitro. Furthermore, in contrast to prior findings in durably engrafted recipients of SBA -E- BMTs, the lymphocytes isolated prior to or at the time of graft failure lacked natural killer surface antigen expression and effector function.
Upper-Bound on Dose Reduction in CT Reconstruction for Nodule Detection

The success of X-ray computed tomography (CT) as a widespread medical diagnosis tool has led to concerns about possible harm due to the increased average radiation dose to the population. A highly effective way to reduce CT radiation dose is to use iterative image reconstruction. All major CT vendors now offer iterative reconstruction solutions and claim that they can achieve the desired image quality at only a fraction of the dose level needed with conventional filtered backprojection (FBP) reconstruction. In this paper, we empirically estimate the upper bound on the achievable dose reduction in CT reconstruction in the context of a clinical detection task. We do this based on a series of patient lung CT data sets, with and without nodules, for a large number of random noise realizations. We analyze lesion detectability in the FBP images, in which case performance is lost due to the sub-optimal reconstruction. We compare this to lesion detectability directly in the raw data domain, where by definition, all information is still available with specific location information. This, therefore, represents the best scenario any reconstruction algorithm could achieve from raw data without additional prior information. The results indicate that a threefold dose reduction is feasible relative to FBP reconstruction: specifically, the upper bound on dose reduction was estimated at 62.5% for 90% detection accuracy and 66.2% for 80% detection accuracy. Statistical weighting is responsible for approximately half of that benefit.
Online community detection for fused social network graphs

Advances in fusion of disparate social media and hard-soft sources have made it possible to extract relational information in the form of social network graphs. Periodic measurements of communication between individuals in an area of interest can be modeled in the form of a random graph. In this paper we are interested in detecting the emergence of a social network community where a subset of individuals of the dynamic random graph abruptly exhibits higher levels of communication (specifically, more ties among the members). An Erdos-Renyi random graph model is adopted. We employ a sequential change detection framework and propose a stopping rule to identify the emergence of a community with minimal expected detection delay while the probability of false alarms goes to zero asymptotically. We prove the optimality of this change detection rule and we compute its operating characteristics. We corroborate our results with simulation experiments. The practical contribution of our research is for alerting the formation of a community or terrorist group, for example.
Combined deficiencies of PTA and AHG with vascular fragility.

Coagulation studies in a 22 year old Caucasian male have revealed the presence of combined deficiencies of PTA and AHG with vascular fragility. Members of his family have been shown to have isolated deficiencies of PTA, AHG, vascular fragility and various combinations of all three defects. The family studies indicating segregation of the PTA and AHG deficiencies lend support to the concept that these two are clinically separate entities. The inheritance patterns of PTA deficiencies and AHG deficiencies with vascular fragility are discussed. The problems encountered in this type of study are mentioned, and the precautions to be observed are indicated.
No Ghost in the Machine

The conscious mind may turn out to be a virtual reality simulation that is largely illusory.
Quinine-Induced Thrombotic Microangiopathy (Q-TMA): Frequency, Presenting Features, Outcomes

Abstract Q-TMA is an acute, severe, immune-mediated, drug-induced disorder. Q-TMA is suspected when symptoms suddenly begin within hours following quinine (Q) exposure. Diagnosis of Q-TMA is established by the history of recurrent acute symptoms following recurrent Q exposures and/or by documentation of Q-dependent antibodies reactive with platelets and/or neutrophils. The Oklahoma TTP-HUS Registry enrolls all patients for whom plasma exchange (PEX) is requested for suspected TTP or HUS. Since 1995, when routine measurement of ADAMTS13 activity began, the Registry has diagnosed 78 patients with acquired TTP (ADAMTS13 One patient died from complications of the central venous catheter insertion, performed for PEX and dialysis; all other patients recovered normal platelet counts. Three of the 18 surviving patients had end-stage renal disease (2 had kidney transplants). The median estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for the other 15 patients, at 2.7-19.2 years (median, 10.2) after recovery, was 36 ml/min (range, 19-98). Only two patients had normal GFR (≥90 ml/min). Eleven patients had chronic kidney disease, defined by GFR Download : Download high-res image (80KB) Download : Download full-size image Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
International Issues: Teleneurology in humanitarian crises Lessons from the Médecins Sans Frontières experience

Humanitarian emergencies defined by armed conflict, political strife, famine, or natural disaster can devastate populations rapidly. Neurologic disorders accompany these complex humanitarian emergencies but often go unheeded, exacerbated by a scarcity of neurologists. Teleneurology offers the promise of neurologic care remotely in the face of this inadequate local clinician supply. We describe our experiences as voluntary neurology teleconsultants with Medecins Sans Frontieres in order to highlight both the promises and challenges of teleneurology in humanitarian contexts. We identified the major advantages of this service as (1) minimal resources and incurred costs while (2) changing a patient's clinical course favorably, and (3) creating a community for the field referrer and neurology specialist. Current challenges include (1) limited diagnostic resources and difficult diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, (2) need for greater continuity and familiarity between the field site and neurologist, (3) gaps in the US neurology curriculum to provide expertise for all sites, (4) lack of follow-up and feedback from the field to advise future cases, and (5) low frequency of consultations. Growth opportunities include eventual expansion to the development of a community of neurologists who can provide context-specific care and maximize use of multimedia at low Internet bandwidth. Lessons from our experience may help optimize teleneurology's effect and reduce disparities in neurologic care, particularly in humanitarian crises.
Westfield v. Federal Republic of Germany

In Westfield v. Federal Republic of Germany, the family of Jewish art dealer Walter Westfeld sued in the American courts seeking compensation from the Republic of Germany for his lost art collection in Dusseldorf, which the Nazis confiscated and auctioned off before deporting him to Auschwitz. This chapter examines the adjudication of the case, which presented a series of problems of foreign state immunity.
Walter Camp: Football and the Modern Man, by Julie Des Jardins

Considered the father of football, Walter Camp led an exceptional life and left a legacy that is essential to the fabric of sports in America. What makes Camp essential in the role of American foot...
Local Political Equilibria

This article uses the notion of a “Local Nash Equilibrium” (LNE) to model a vote maximizing political game that incorporates valence (the electorally perceived quality of the political leaders). Formal stochastic voting models without valence typically conclude that all political agents (parties or candidates) will converge towards the electoral mean (the origin of the policy space). The main theorem presented here obtains the necessary and sufficient conditions for the validity of the “mean voter theorem” when valence is involved. Since a pure strategy Nash equilibrium (PNE), if it exists, must be a LNE the failure of the necessary condition for an LNE at the origin also implies that PNE cannot be at the origin. To further account for the non-convergent location of parties, the model is extended to include activist valence (the effect on party popularity due to the efforts of activist groups). These results suggest that it is very unlikely that Local Nash equilibria will be located at the electoral center. The theoretical conclusions appear to be borne out by empirical evidence from a number of countries. Genericity arguments demonstrate that LNE will exist for almost all parameters, when the policy space is compact, convex, without any restriction on the variance of the voter ideal points or on the party valence functions.
The Creation of Alternative Settings

This quote from Machiavelli captures the spirit of much that has been written about the creation of alternative settings. There are no data on the incidence of failure in the creation of alternatives, but the literature on this topic implies that it is quite high. New settings usually begin with great expectations, but hope frequently gives way to disillusionment within a relatively short time (Sarason, 1972). Nevertheless, there have been some notable exceptions: alternative settings that not only survived, but remained true to their original spirit. What, then, are the factors that influence the ultimate success or failure of alternative settings? If the creation of alternative settings is to be a viable intervention strategy in community psychology, this is a crucial question to address
Maximizing Clinical Revenues of Psychiatric Consultation-Liaison Services: An Economic Commentary

Clinical revenues rarely suffice to support an academic psychiatric consultationliaison (C-L) service. Nonetheless, the revenue provides a major source offinancial support. The authors describe ten steps that can help maximize the financial return from the C-L service ‘s clinical efforts. The steps range from establishing a reasonable fee schedule and creating an efficient charge document, through educating residents and faculty physicians about documentation requirements, to billing quickly and insisting on meaningful monthh’ reports from the faculty practice plan. A number of “magic phrases” (proper and key wording for reimbursement) are described in detail that can markedly reduce documentation requirements.
The Religion Clauses as Mutually Reinforcing Mandates: Why the Arguments for Rigorously Enforcing the Free Exercise Clause and Establishment Clause are Stronger When Both Clauses are Taken Seriously

Legal commentary often describes the Free Exercise Clause and Establishment Clause of the First Amendment as either being in tension with each other or as serving overlapping and redundant purposes. Both of these perspectives commonly share a willingness to dispense with or subordinate the requirements of one clause while calling for the rigorous implementation of the other. This Essay suggests a different and overlooked dimension of the relationship between the two clauses: in important ways each of the religion clauses supports and reinforces the justification for and rigorous enforcement of the other. Correspondingly, the dilution of one clause undermines the arguments for taking the other clause seriously. To some significant extent, the religion clauses stand or fall together These reinforcement and dilution connections cover a range of justifications for, and applications of, the two clauses. Establishment Clause constraints on state subsidies of religious institutions and activities support the value formation justification for protecting free exercise rights. The holding of Employment Division v. Smith, eliminating constitutional protection against neutral laws of general applicability, undermines the taxpayer liberty justification for limiting state aid to religious institutions. Free exercise exemptions and accommodations standing alone unacceptably advantage religion in the market place of ideas, and establishment clause limits on government support for religious organizations and beliefs standing alone unacceptably disadvantage religion in the market place of ideas. The rigorous enforcement of each clause (or neither clause) is necessary to balance out these distorting impacts. This essay identifies and discusses these and other ways in which the arguments supporting or undermining each of the religion clauses reinforces or weakens the other.
Transfer Student Success: Exploring Community College, University, and Individual Predictors

This paper investigates community college transfer success by exploring the relationship between individual and institutional-level characteristics at students’ two- and four-year institutions. Usi...
A complex sound coupled with an air curtain blocks invasive carp passage without habituation in a laboratory flume

Invasive bigheaded carp are currently advancing upstream in the Mississippi River and threaten to invade its headwaters. The possibility that sound projected into navigation locks might block this invasion is being considered and four types of complex sound have been shown to have promise: an outboard-motor sound, a proprietary cyclic sound, air curtains, and the (coupling) pairing of this proprietary sound with an air curtain. In a laboratory study, we systematically tested the effects of these stimuli on invasive bighead carp and common carp, as well as the native largemouth bass (which lack hearing specializations), in a darkened laboratory flume. We were specifically interested in whether the outboard-motor sound or the proprietary sound might be more effective at blocking and deterring fishes (i.e., does the type of complex sound matter), and whether coupling either of these sounds with an air curtain might enhance their effectiveness. We found that the proprietary sound was more effective than the outboard-motor sound at both deterring and blocking common carp as well as deterring bighead carp. The largemouth bass were less affected by both sounds. We also found that when an air curtain was coupled to either sound, the combined stimulus became more effective at blocking all three species. This was especially true for the proprietary sound which when coupled with an air curtain blocked 97% of bighead carp. The proprietary sound coupled with the air curtain has promise to block bigheaded carp and should be considered for field tests.
Enzymes and Pathways of Kavain Bioactivation and Biotransformation.

Kavain is an active and major component in Piper methysticum Forst. (kava), which is a widely used dietary supplement for the treatment of anxiety, insomnia, and stress. However, kava-containing pr...
Algorithms for the parametric analysis of metric, directional, and intersection reach

By asking how much street length can be reached from a given origin within a specified distance limit, and by defining distance in different ways as a function of the physical or cognitive effort r...
Textbook Outcome: A Novel Metric for Heart Transplantation

Purpose Transplant program assessment by short term survival is inherently limited. We defined a “textbook outcome” (TO) for heart transplant recipients without complication and examined association with survival. Methods We identified all primary, isolated adult heart transplants in the SRTR database from 6/06-12/19. TO was defined as: No mortality/retransplant/fxaft failure/dialysis/treated rejection in 1st year, length of stay 50% at 1 year. Recipient and transplant characteristics were analyzed. Bivariate analysis identified factors associated with TO. Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test examined survival for patients living at least 1 year (conditional survival). Results 26580 patients were identified and 13587 (50.6%) had a TO. Patients with TO were significantly less likely to be hospitalized pretransplant or have preoperative mechanical support (Table). Factors associated with TO on bivariate analysis were: male sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-1.23), white race (OR 1.08 CI 1.03-1.14), no pre-transplant hospitalization (OR 1.33 CI 1.27-1.39) or mechanical support (OR 1.37 CI 1.31-1.44). For patients with at least 1-year survival, patients with TO had significantly improved long term survival as compared to patients without TO (p Conclusion Textbook outcome is a novel means of examining patient outcomes. The use of textbook outcome rather than short term survival alone positions centers to better appreciate a holistic analysis of their program while promoting long term survival. Further examination and validation of this metric is warranted.
On-board SHM System Architecture and Operational Concept for Small Commuter Aircra

Significant R&D progress has been done in the area of SHM technologies in recent years. However real SHM application on aircraft board is still challenging and puts specific requirements on the SHM system design and operation. These challenges include assurance of reliable and provable damage detection capabilities, taking over decision-making responsibilities instead of a human inspector and other challenges related to on-board installation and operation during the flight. Further, minimal weight and dimension, and system reliability and durability should be considered. Due to these challenging requirements the SHM has not been widely implemented in aerospace industry yet.The paper deals with system architecture and operational concept of SHM system for L-410 NG commuter aircraft. The SHM system is based on excitation, sensing and analysis of ultrasonic guided waves using PZT actuators / sensors. The SHM system is designed for monitoring of PSEs of metallic airframe that are hard to access or completely inaccessible for common inspection methods used in the aircraft maintenance. The design puts emphasis on integration of the SHM system within aircraft avionic system in order to achieve highly automated data acquisition and data transfer process to make the health data available for on-ground analysis. Finally, scenario of the SHM system operation in accordance to the L-410 NG maintenance plan is proposed in the paper. The scenario assumes replacement of common inspections that are done within regular maintenance checks by the automated inspections using SHM system. Challenges of the proposed scenario from the point of view of the aircraft certification and operation are discussed as well.
The Influence of Video-Modeled Sexual Assault Disclosure and Self-Efficacy Messages on Sexual Assault Disclosure Efficacy of Adolescent Girls.

Adolescent female victims of sexual assault must often disclose their victimization to trusted adults to seek positive physical and mental health outcomes; however, adolescent girls face unique barriers to disclosure, and they are less likely to disclose compared to adult women. Media interventions could be useful in motivating adolescent girls to feel more efficacious about disclosing sexual assaults. Self-efficacious messages in media that model disclosure behavior could motivate adolescent girls to feel more confident disclosing information about an assault and seeking positive health outcomes. This study used quasi-experimental methods to test the effect of a YouTube vlog containing a self-efficacy message about sexual assault disclosure. Results indicate that exposure to the self-efficacious message leads to higher sexual assault disclosure efficacy among adolescent girls who identify with self-efficacious media characters (B = -.0867, SE = .059, 95% CI [-.2318, -.0033]), albeit indirectly through perceived discrimination of sexual assault victims and approach coping behaviors. Appropriate interventions targeting disclosure of sexual assault by adolescent girls could include a more holistic view of disclosure and use new mediums like YouTube vlogs to deliver self-efficacious messages.
Nasal Septal Perforation Due to Desmopressin Nasal Spray Use

Perforations of the nasal septum have many etiologies and occasionally result from intranasal medicated spray use. This case report describes a perforation related to the use of desmopressin nasal ...
Genitourinary Injuries in the Multiply Injured Patient

Summary General principles for the recognition and treatment of acute blunt trauma of the urinary tract as seen in the multiply injured patient are presented. It is apparent from the discussion that the most severe disability results from injury to the male membranous-prostatic urethra. Details of the operative management for the various lesions are presented. The delayed complications listed make it quite obvious that follow-up is very important. Patients with urethral injury have to be observed for evidence of obstruction and infection. They require follow-up intravenous urography and should have the blood pressure checked periodically over the following year.
The Structural Properties of Magnetite Concrete

Concrete for Engineering Test Reactor biological shield made from combination of crushed magnetite aggregate and low-alkali Type I Portland cement; combinations of cement and aggregate used in concrete are potentially self-destructive through internal volume changes caused by alkali-aggregate reaction or by thermal growth; this combination was nonreactive and without deleterious thermal growth.
A note on fractional calculus and the image method for dielectric spheres

In this note, we present an alternative mathematical way of expressing electrostatic image charges for dielectric spheres using the concept of fractional calculus. It is shown that the distributions of image charges for the dielectric sphere (Lindell's solution) and the image charges for the perfectly conducting ungrounded spheres (Lord Kelvin's solution) can be mathematically related via fractional differintegration, and that the order of such fractional operators depend of the dielectric property of the sphere, i.e., its dielectric constant.
The Lynchpin to Parole Reform: A Case Study of Two Parolee Housing Proposals in Redlands, California

Part I of this paper argues that the key to effectively reforming California's parole system, which has been deemed a failure in the past, is providing housing for parolees that is supportive, secure, and efficient. When released from prison, prisoners are often left without a job, a home, and a support network. These conditions undoubtedly make it easier for them to fall back into a life of crime. Adequate housing is crucial because it eases the transition from prison back into the community. This paper cites studies that show that when there is a supportive and structured reintegration, recidivism rates are reduced. Part II of this paper presents a case study from Redlands, California. This community is at a crossroads, faced with two proposals: one that would make safe, secure, and effective parolee housing nearly impossible to design and one that would make this type of housing an extremely viable option. Part II focuses on this city's debate as well as the potential consequences for parolees in this community.
GDP Growth Volatility and Regional Free Trade Agreements

This research explores the consequences of entering into a regional free trade agreement on a country's level of volatility in real per capita GDP growth. It incorporates 97 countries and 2404 observations. It also employs a system GMM, dynamic panel methodology to control for business cycle effects and endogenous RHS variables. At the least, this study finds that regional free trade agreements will not increase volatility in most cases, and may actually lower it. In only one out of the seven agreements explored is volatility larger after the implementation of the agreement. Furthermore, the role that domestic and foreign variables play in enhancing the agreements' effect on volatility is critical for determining whether the agreement will beneficial. What is shown is that not all agreements are equal in outcomes, but that they can at least provide a medium through which volatility can be lowered.
PROFINET: an integration platform for heterogeneous industrial communication systems

Ethernet has become so popular that it has also been further developed/or use at field level in automation technology under realtime conditions. However, for reasons of function and investment protection, the introduction of realtime Ethernet in automation solutions is likely to be a gradual process. Suitable solutions for the integration of existing fieldbus technology into the realtime Ethernet network are therefore required. This paper describes two possible integration concepts of the PROFINET IO realtime Ethernet standard using INTERBUS and PROFIBUS as an example. It shows that it is possible, despite very different device models of the considered fieldbus systems, to implement a high level of integration
Lessons from a Lost Constitution: The Council of Revision, the Bill of Rights, and the Role of the Judiciary in Democratic Governance

This Article explores the relationship between the Council of Revision and the Bill of Rights. The Council of Revision, proposed at the Constitutional Convention by James Madison and the other Virginia delegates, would have been comprised of the President and several prominent members of the federal judiciary. Its task would have been to review the work of Congress and to exercise a qualified veto over those congressional acts with which it disagreed. This Article contends that the Bill of Rights must be understood in the context of Madison’s disappointment over the rejection of the Council of Revision at the Convention. Madison's preference for the Council of Revision helps explain his initial aversion to judicial review and his reluctance to support early efforts to propose a bill of rights. Madison's subsequent decision to assume the leading role in the enactment of the Bill of Rights, furthermore, is attributable in large part to the ways in which he ultimately came to view the Bill of Rights (and judicial review) as a functional equivalent to the Council of Revision. By the Spring of 1789, this Article argues, Madison had come to believe that a bill of rights could help provide the work of the judiciary with the very quality he feared that it most lacked after the Council’s demise: legitimacy in the eyes of the American people. In addition to contributing to our historical understanding for the origins of the Bill of Rights, Madison’s commitment to the Council of Revision is worth considering today because it invites us to re-examine our own conceptions of judicial review and to explore the various ways in which the work of the judiciary can be harmonized with the tenets of representational democracy. In particular, the Council challenges us to consider the extent to which the work of the judiciary should be conceptualized as a representational enterprise rather than as a 'countermajoritarian' endeavor.