cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Presintering effects on ground-based and microgravity liquid phase sintering

Tungsten heavy alloys are an ideal system for liquid phase sintering studies. The sintering behavior and postsintering microstructure depend to a large degree on the processing conditions. While grain growth, final microstructures, and mechanical properties are fairly well understood, the role of presintering conditions is poorly documented. This article discusses presintering condition effects on the subsequent liquid phase sintering densification and distortion during both ground-based and microgravity sintering. It provides unique insight into the events accompanying densification and shape distortion, such as solid-liquid segregation and pore stability. Solid-liquid segregation is closely connected to densification. Presintering conditions play an important role in the mobility and the location of the pores in the sample, which can be explained in terms of the interfacial energy between different phases. In ground-based sintering, the cold-isostatically pressed sample has the most uniform solid-liquid distribution with the largest shrinkage. In microgravity sintering, the vacuum-presintered sample shows the largest degree of densification and elimination of pores.
Maize ARGOS1 (ZAR1) transgenic alleles increase hybrid maize yield

Crop improvement for yield and drought tolerance is challenging due to the complex genetic nature of these traits and environmental dependencies. This study reports that transgenic over-expression of Zea mays AR GOS1 (ZAR1) enhanced maize organ growth, grain yield, and drought-stress tolerance. The ZAR1 transgene exhibited environmental interactions, with yield increase under Temperate Dry and yield reduction under Temperate Humid or High Latitude environments. Native ZAR1 allele variation associated with drought-stress tolerance. Two founder alleles identified in the mid-maturity germplasm of North America now predominate in Pioneer's modern breeding programme, and have distinct proteins, promoters and expression patterns. These two major alleles show heterotic group partitioning, with one predominant in Pioneer's female and the other in the male heterotic groups, respectively. These two alleles also associate with favourable crop performance when heterozygous. Allele-specific transgene testing showed that, of the two alleles discussed here, each allele differed in their impact on yield and environmental interactions. Moreover, when transgenically stacked together the allelic pair showed yield and environmental performance advantages over either single allele, resembling heterosis effects. This work demonstrates differences in transgenic efficacy of native alleles and the differences reflect their association with hybrid breeding performance.
Bremsstrahlung from 12C+p near the 1.7-MeV Resonance

The bremsstrahlung spectrum emitted by the scattering of protons from 12C near the 1.7-MeV resonance has been studied at bombarding energies 76 keV and 146 keV above the resonance and 140 keV below the resonance. The spectra are in qualitative agreement with Feshbach-Yennie theory.
Gaussian, complete basis set, and density functional theory methods evaluation of the electron affinity for BO, B, and O

Abstract The electron affinities for boron, oxygen and BO were computed with highly reliable Gaussian and complete basis set ab initio methods, as well as with several density functional theory methods. There is a general agreement between ab initio and B3LYP hybrid DFT methods that the electron affinity for BO should be between 2.5 and 2.6 eV; possibly 2.55 eV as computed by the CBSQ ab initio method. This value is substantially lower than the experimentally determined finding, therefore, a revision of the experimental electron affinity for BO is suggested. The B–O bond dissociation energies for neutral and anionic BO was also estimated. Good agreement between Gaussian, CBS and hybrid B3LYP DFT values were obtained, suggesting that computed values are accurate and the hybrid DFT method is reliable for performing this computational study. On the contrary, local spin density approximation generates energies that are substantially higher and should be avoided when a computational study of this and similar chemical systems are considered.
TECH@FLC: a program funded by an industry consortium

The Fort Lewis College Technology Certification Program (TECH®FLC) enables the college to offer a wider variety of courses in technology for a diverse pool of students, such as degree seeking college students, adult learners, high school students, and continuing education students. This project broadens the availability of technology-based courses in southwest Colorado and is funded under a grant obtained from the Colorado Institute of Technology (CIT).Classes are offered as college credit courses during evenings and standard campus hours to accommodate the needs of on-campus and off-campus students. This program is designed to address intermediate to advanced levels of web development and networking skills. A goal of this project is to develop coursework at the intermediate level to build capacity of a larger mass of qualified students able to later take courses at the advanced level.In order to obtain a web development certificate, students must complete courses in two HTML classes, Visual Basic, Graphics Design and Web Programming. Other courses certified under TECH®FLC include Computer Aided Drafting, The Computer as a Tool (Microsoft Office Professional and Front Page), C++ Programming, Java Programming, Introduction to Accounting Applications (Quickbooks), Project Management, and Advanced Business Applications (Excel and Access).Each course has a major hands-on component, where student teams work on projects to add to their portfolio utilizing state-of-the-art software and hardware. This project provides the seed money required for technology curriculum development responsive to the IT needs of the State of Colorado with emphasis on building capacity in the southwest corner of Colorado. The curriculum, based on feedback from local business and technology leaders, meets an unfulfilled need for the businesses and the residents of southwestern Colorado, as well as for the students of Fort Lewis College.
Experimental and theoretical vibrational spectroscopy studies of acetohydroxamic acid and desferrioxamine B in aqueous solution: Effects of pH and iron complexation

Abstract The deprotonation and iron complexation of the hydroxamate siderophore, desferrioxamine B (desB), and a model hydroxamate ligand, acetohydroxamic acid (aHa), were studied using infrared, resonance Raman and UV-vis spectroscopy. The experimental spectra were interpreted by a comparison with DFT calculated spectra of aHa (partly hydrated) and desB (reactive groups of unhydrated molecule) at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. The ab initio models include three water molecules surrounding the deprotonation site of aHa to account for partial hydration. Experiments and calculations were also conducted in D2O to verify spectral assignments. These studies of aHa suggest that the cis-keto-aHa is the dominant form, and its deprotonation occurs at the oxime oxygen atom in aqueous solutions. The stable form of iron-complexed aHa is identified as Fe(aHa)3 for a wide range of pH conditions. The spectral information of aHa and an ab initio model of desB were used to interpret the chemical state of different functional groups in desB. Vibrational spectra of desB indicate that the oxime and amide carbonyl groups can be identified unambiguously. Vibrational spectral analysis of the oxime carbonyl after deprotonation and iron complexation of desB indicates that the conformational changes between anion and the iron-complexed anion are small. Enhanced electron delocalization in the oxime group of Fe-desB when compared to that of Fe(aHa)3 may be responsible for higher stability constant of the former.
Physician's Decisions About Patient Capacity: The Trojan Horse of Physician-Assisted Suicide

Even if physicians follow all of the requirements for determining patient capacity in Oregon's physician-assisted suicide act, their ultimate conclusions will be subjective and heavily influenced by their own personal values.
Myocardial stunning during abdominal hysterectomy in a healthy woman

We report a case of myocardial stunning in a healthy patient. During gynecologic surgery, two brief episodes of asystole occurred. Following resuscitation there was a short period of severe hypertension and tachycardia. Electrocardiographic changes and elevations in troponin T and creatine-kinase-MB were observed. Angiography revealed normal coronary arteries and multiple areas of hypokinesis. Within 2 weeks, all abnormal values had returned to normal and the patient underwent an uneventful surgery.
Direct numerical simulation of gaseous mixing layers laden with multicomponent-liquid drops: liquid-specific effects

A representation of multicomponent-liquid (MC-liquid) composition as a linear combination of two single-Gamma probability distribution functions (PDFs) is used to describe a large number of MC-liquid drops evaporating in a gas flow. The PDF, called the double-Gamma PDF, depends on the molar mass. The gas-phase conservation equations are written in an Eulerian frame and the drops are described in a Lagrangian frame. Gas conservation equations for mass, momentum, species and energy are combined with differential conservation equations for the first four moments of the gas-composition PDF and coupled to the perfect gas equation of state. Source terms in all conservation equations account for the gas/drop interaction. The drop governing equations encompass differential conservation statements for position, mass, momentum, energy and four moments of the liquid-composition PDF. Simulations are performed for a three-dimensional mixing layer whose lower stream is initially laden with drops colder than the surrounding gas. Initial perturbations excite the layer to promote the double pairing of its four initial spanwise vortices to an ultimate vortex. During the layer evolution, the drops heat and evaporate
Kinetics of Overlayer Growth

Atoms or molecules adsorbed on crystalline surfaces often form interesting equilibrium structures depending upon the balance between adsorbate-adsorbate and adsorbate-substrate interactions. These various structures are functions of temperature and coverage and can lead to phase diagrams with phase boundaries separating ordered, disordered, and phase coexistence regions. These are commonly studied using low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. While equilibrium properties of overlayers have been extensively studied in the past few decades, much less is known about the kinetics of growth processes and overlayer ordering, especially the relaxation from a state far from equilibrium.1 This irreversible and highly nonlinear phenomenon occurs frequently in solids, for examples, during crystal and alloy growth.2 Only recently, considerable effort has been focused on understanding the dynamics of overlayer domain growth during the relaxation from an extreme non-equilibrium state to an equilibrium state.3,4 This process involves fundamental questions in non-equilibrium statistics. The interesting and important issues of the dynamics include the law that describes the domain growth, the value of the growth exponents, the form of the dynamical scaling function (self-similar growth) of the non-equilibrium structure factor, and the relevant parameters for determining the possible dynamical universality classes such as ground state degeneracy, conservation or non-conservation of order parameter and density, temperature, interaction potential and randomness (impurities and vacancies).
Physical reasoning in young infants: Seeking explanations for impossible events

There is now considerable evidence that infants are surprised when shown impossible events that violate their beliefs about objects, as indexed by reliably greater looking times at these events than at possible events that are consistent with their beliefs. Do infants also attempt, as older children and adults do, to generate explanations for these impossible events? Data from our laboratory provide intriguing hints that infants, like older children and adults, strive to reconcile what they observe with what they believe. This evidence comes from experiments in which infants were presented with an impossible and a possible event and were found not to show the typical preference for the impossible event. Five examples are presented, involving infants aged 3 to 10 months, and ranging over several facets of infants’ physical reasoning. It is argued in each case that infants’ failure to look preferentially at the impossible event stems from their having arrived at some explanation for the event. In some instances, infants’ explanations appear to be entirely self-produced, as when infants spontaneously posit hidden objects to make sense of otherwise impossible events. In other examples, infants’ explanations appear to depend on additional clues provided, either deliberately or inadvertently, by the experimental situation. Despite these superficial differences, however, the examples are all related in suggesting that infants, like older children and adults, actively seek explanations for inconsistencies in their world.
Effects of the presentation of false heart-rate feedback on the performance of two common heartbeat-detection tasks.

Research has indicated that performance on heartbeat counting tasks may be influenced by beliefs about heart rate. Sixty male subjects were administered the Schandry heartbeat counting task after viewing fast, slow, or no heart rate feedback. Subjects were also administered the Whitehead signal-detection type task. Results indicated that subjects who received fast or no heartbeat feedback performed better on the Schandry task than subjects who received slow feedback. Feedback presentation did not affect performance on the Whitehead task. These results suggest that the Schandry task is influenced by external variables (expectations, beliefs) beyond pure awareness of “discrete” visceral sensations and, thus, may not be as powerful a method for determining awareness of individual heartbeats as some other paradigms.
Lateral nanowire/nanobelt based nanogenerators, piezotronics and piezo-phototronics

Relying on the piezopotential created in ZnO under straining, nanogenerators, piezotronics and piezo-phototronics developed based on laterally bonded nanowires on a polymer substrate have been reviewed. The principle of the nanogenerator is a transient flow of electrons in external load as driven by the piezopotential created by dynamic straining. By integrating the contribution made by millions of nanowires, the output voltage has been raised to 1.2 V. Consequently, self-powered nanodevices have been demonstrated. This is an important platform technology for the future sensor network and the internet of things. Alternatively, the piezopotential can act as a gate voltage that can tune/gate the transport process of the charge carriers in the nanowire, which is a gate-electrode free field effect transistor (FET). The device fabricated based on this principle is called the piezotronic device. Piezo-phototronic effect is about the tuning and controlling of electro-optical processes by strain induced piezopotential. The piezotronic, piezophotonic and pieozo-phototronic devices are focused on low frequency applications in areas involving mechanical actions, such as MEMS/NEMS, nanorobotics, sensors, actuators and triggers.
Intravitreal anakinra inhibits choroidal neovascular membrane growth in a rat model.

Purpose: To determine the effect of intravitreal anakinra on choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in an animal model.Methods: Laser photocoagulation used to rupture Bruch’s membrane; animals then assigned to groups based on varying frequency of intravitreal anakinra injections. At day 30, digital angiography was used to measure the CNV area. Result: Intravitreal anakinra dose-dependently inhibited CNV growth. Injections given one time resulted in a 26% reduction in CNV; in the once weekly group, a 41% reduction was seen; in the twice-weekly group, a 62% reduction was seen (all p < .001). Conclusion: Suppressing IL-1 function may provide another therapeutic avenue in exudative AMD.
Microwave‐Assisted Polyol Process for Synthesis of Ni Nanoparticles

Ni nanoparticles of controlled size in the range 30–100 nm were synthesized with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and dodecylamine (DDA) as protecting agents through a microwave-assisted technique using ethylene glycol both as a reducing agent and a solvent. The morphology of Ni nanoparticles was controlled by the amount of DDA added in these systems. Particle size and size distribution were controlled by the concentration of metal source and the DDA to PVP ratio. The synthesized Ni nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy for particle size and morphology, and size distribution was calculated by Image JTM software. Experimental UV-Vis spectra of Ni nanoparticles matched with the calculated spectrum based on Mie's theory. The microwave-assisted polyol process was found to be faster than the conventional-polyol process in Ni nanoparticle synthesis and the former technique is expected to be cost-effective compared with the latter.
Spontaneous release of cytosolic proteins from posttranslational substrates before their transport into the endoplasmic reticulum.

In posttranslational translocation in yeast, completed protein substrates are transported across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane through a translocation channel formed by the Sec complex. We have used photo-cross-linking to investigate interactions of cytosolic proteins with a substrate synthesized in a reticulocyte lysate system, before its posttranslational translocation through the channel in the yeast membrane. Upon termination of translation, the signal recognition particle (SRP) and the nascent polypeptide–associated complex (NAC) are released from the polypeptide chain, and the full-length substrate interacts with several different cytosolic proteins. At least two distinct complexes exist that contain among other proteins either 70-kD heat shock protein (Hsp70) or tailless complex polypeptide 1 (TCP1) ring complex/chaperonin containing TCP1 (TRiC/CCT), which keep the substrate competent for translocation. None of the cytosolic factors appear to interact specifically with the signal sequence. Dissociation of the cytosolic proteins from the substrate is accelerated to the same extent by the Sec complex and an unspecific GroEL trap, indicating that release occurs spontaneously without the Sec complex playing an active role. Once bound to the Sec complex, the substrate is stripped of all cytosolic proteins, allowing it to subsequently be transported through the membrane channel without the interference of cytosolic binding partners.
Electrocortical reactivity to emotional faces in young children and associations with maternal and paternal depression

Background—The late positive potential (LPP) is an event-related potential component that indexes selective attention toward motivationally salient information and is sensitive to emotional stimuli. Few studies have examined the LPP in children. Depression has been associated with reduced reactivity to negative and positive emotional stimuli, including reduced LPPs in response to emotional faces. The current study sought to identify the time course and scalp distribution of the LPP in response to emotional faces in young children and to determine whether reduced reactivity is observed among children at risk for depression. Methods—Electrocortical reactivity to emotional faces was examined in a large sample of young children and as a function of maternal and paternal depression. Results—In the overall sample, emotional faces were associated with increased positivities compared to neutral faces at occipital sites 200–600 ms after stimulus onset and at parietal sites 600–1,000 ms after stimulus onset. Children of mothers with a history of depressive disorders exhibited reduced differentiation in the early occipital LPP for emotional compared to neutral faces. Conclusions—Results suggest that children as young as 6 years exhibit LPPs to emotional faces, and patterns of electrocortical reactivity to emotional stimuli may be associated with vulnerability to depressive disorders.
Inflow stenosis as a contributing factor in the etiology of AV access-induced ischemic steal.

ObjectiveTo determine how frequent inflow stenosis is a contributing factor in the etiology of arteriovenous access-induced steal (AVAIS).MethodsA retrospective review of hemodialysis patients who ...
Identifying the median justice on the Supreme Court through multidimensional scaling: Analysis of "natural courts" 1953-1991 ∗

Given the fundamental unidimensionality in thedata on Supreme Court voting patterns1951–1993 we observe, we are able todetermine the identity of ``median'' membersof each court in a fashion that does notrequire subjective coding of the extent towhich particular cases reflect left-rightissues. Also, while the exact numericalvalues of MDS-obtained locations cannot becompared across different ``natural courts'',the positions of Supreme Court justicesacross their careers relative to the courtson which they served can be traced. Ourdata show overwhelming quantified evidenceof a very strong rightward drift (relativeto our MDS defined dimensions) in thecomposition of the court as we move fromthe Warren Court to the Burger Court, andagain as we move from the Burger Court tothe Rehnquist Court.
Explicit Towers of Drinfeld Modular Curves

We give explicit equations for the simplest towers of Drinfeld modular curves over any finite field, and observe that they coincide with the asymptotically optimal towers of curves constructed by Garcia and Stichtenoth.
Multipath simulation models for mobile radio channels

Several ray models with various delay profiles are analyzed to study their statistical compatibility with natural fading events and evaluated in terms of irreducible BER caused solely by the time delay spread. The results obtained from the analysis and computer simulation suggest that two-ray delay model (American Digital Cellular Standard) yields the worst-case BER performance compared to larger ray models with the same amount of RMS delay spread. For identical signal-to-ISI ratio yields lower irreducible BER. The results were obtained for coherent QPSK modulation. It is also shown that they can be readily applied for BPSK, pi /4-QPSK or GMSK. >
Zoom Zoom: Racing CARs for Multiple Myeloma

Chimeric antigen receptors re-direct T cells to surface antigens. Discovery and validation of appropriate target antigens expands the possible indications for CAR-T cells. BCMA is expressed only on mature B cells and plasma cells and promotes their survival. BCMA is a promising target for CAR-T cells in multiple myeloma.
The wolf spider genus Gladicosa (Araneae: Lycosidae) in Kansas and egg sac predation by the mantisfly, Mantispa interrupta (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) and the wasp, Idiolispa aestivalis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) upon Gladicosa bellamyi, a new state record

The genus Gladicosa was erected in 1986 by Allen Brady to encompass 5 nearctic species of medium to large wolf spiders based upon similarity of genitalic characters and dorsal patterns. The type species, Gladicosa gulosa (Walckenaer 1837), is a common leaf litter inhabitant of deciduous forests throughout the eastern half of the United States and westward into the High Plains of eastern Colorado (Brady, 1986). In Kansas, it has a wide distribution, occurring in the eastern forested region, the Flint Hills and the Great Plains. Gladicosa pulchra (Keyserling 1877), a closely related forest species which occurs on tree trunks as well as in litter, ranges throughout the southeastern states as far west as eastern Kansas and Texas (Brady, 1986).
Imaging acute MI in the 21st century.

Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in acute myocardial infarction (MI) has had its ups and downs over the past 4 decades ([1][1]). “Cold-spot” imaging with thallium-201, technetium-99m tetrofosmin and sestamibi, wall motion assessment with gated radionuclide angiography, and “hot-spot”
Kinematic analysis of a Duchenne smile.

Abstract Objective Facial expressions are communicative motor outputs, whose kinematics likely are due to musculoskeletal anatomy, neuromotor activity and the well-being and internal states of the individual. However, little has been published on the kinematics of facial expression. This study quantified lip, eye and cheek movements during the production of a Duchenne smile involving movement of lips and tissues surrounding the eyes. Design The three-dimensional positions of 20 markers placed around the eyes, cheeks, lips and chins of 24 young adult female subjects were digitized while they performed smiles after practicing to feedback from an investigator trained in the facial action coding system (FACS). Displacement, velocity and acceleration variables were extracted and analyzed from the markers. Results Results demonstrated several consistencies across subjects including: (1) relatively high peak velocities, accelerations and displacements for lip and cheek markers in the vertical and anteroposterior dimensions, (2) relatively large movements of the lower lateral eye region compared with other eye regions. Conclusion The results indicate that there is significant movement in the anteroposterior dimension that is not observable in frontal views of the face alone.
Predicting clinical outcome from reward circuitry function and white matter structure in behaviorally and emotionally dysregulated youth

Behavioral and emotional dysregulation in childhood may be understood as prodromal to adult psychopathology. Additionally, there is a critical need to identify biomarkers reflecting underlying neuropathological processes that predict clinical/behavioral outcomes in youth. We aimed to identify such biomarkers in youth with behavioral and emotional dysregulation in the Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms (LAMS) study. We examined neuroimaging measures of function and white matter in the whole brain using 80 youth aged 14.0 (s.d.=2.0) from three clinical sites. Linear regression using the LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) method for variable selection was used to predict severity of future behavioral and emotional dysregulation measured by the Parent General Behavior Inventory-10 Item Mania Scale (PGBI-10M)) at a mean of 14.2 months follow-up after neuroimaging assessment. Neuroimaging measures, together with near-scan PGBI-10M, a score of manic behaviors, depressive behaviors and sex, explained 28% of the variance in follow-up PGBI-10M. Neuroimaging measures alone, after accounting for other identified predictors, explained ~1/3 of the explained variance, in follow-up PGBI-10M. Specifically, greater bilateral cingulum length predicted lower PGBI-10M at follow-up. Greater functional connectivity in parietal-subcortical reward circuitry predicted greater PGBI-10M at follow-up. For the first time, data suggest that multimodal neuroimaging measures of underlying neuropathologic processes account for over a third of the explained variance in clinical outcome in a large sample of behaviorally and emotionally dysregulated youth. This may be an important first step toward identifying neurobiological measures with the potential to act as novel targets for early detection and future therapeutic interventions.
International Collaborations on Engineered Barrier Systems: Brief Overview of SKB-EBS Activities.

Research collaborations with international partners on the behavior and performance of engineered barrier systems (EBS) are an important aspect of the DOE-NE Used Fuel Disposition Campaign strategy in the evaluation of disposal design concepts. These international partnerships are a cost-effective way of engaging in key R&D activities with common goals resulting in effective scientific knowledge exchanges thus enhancing existing and future research programs in the USA. This report provides a brief description of the activities covered by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB) EBS Task Force (TF) (referred hereafter as SKB EBS TF) and potential future directions for engagement of the DOE-NE UFDC program in relevant R&D activities. Emphasis is given to SKB EBS TF activities that are still ongoing and aligned to the UFDC R&D program. This include utilization of data collected in the bentonite rock interaction experiment (BRIE) and data sets from benchmark experiments produced by the chemistry or “C” part of the SKB EBS TF. Potential applications of information generated by this program include comparisons/tests between model and data (e.g., reactive diffusion), development and implementation of coupled-process models (e.g., HM), and code/model benchmarking.
THE NORTHWARD EXPANSION OF THE TUFTED TITMOUSE IN MAINE

The tufted titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor) was a vagrant in Maine until the 1970s. The steady increase over the last 25 years in tufted titmice in Maine is shown using Christmas Bird Count data (1976-1996) and Breeding Bird Survey data (1966-1996). Foraging data are presented on a titmouse that wintered near Flagstaff Lake (45° 14' N, 70° 17' W), the northern- most overwintering record of the species in Maine. The tufted titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor) has been dramatically expanding its range northward over the past 20 years (Kricher 1981). In Maine, the species was quite rare until the 1970s. A single specimen collected in 1890 near Orono is the only record of the species in Maine before 1950 (Knight 1908, Palmer 1949). This note was instigated by a tufted titmouse that spent the winter of 1995-1996 in undeveloped coniferous forest at the north end of Flag- staff Lake at one of the feeding stations I maintained to study the impacts of winter food supplementation on overwintering birds. This particular titmouse apparently represents the northern limit, and the climatic extreme, of the wintering range in northern New England. In this contribution, I review the status of the tufted titmouse in Maine over the period 1966-1996 and then present details of the wintering of the titmouse near Flagstaff Lake. Data on wintering populations of the tufted titmouse are available from the Christmas Bird Count (CBC) data. These CBCs, organized by the National Audubon Society, are standardized censuses. Each count is done within a circle of 7.5 miles with a fixed center. On one day between the middle of December and early January, participants divide the count circle into portions and all birds seen and heard in a 24-hour period are counted. Counts done over a period of years provide valuable data on the population dynamics of wintering birds. As a means of controlling for differences in observer effort from year to year, the number of party-hours spent searching for birds is provided in the CBC data summaries.
Embryonic development in turkey eggs laid 60-224 days following removal of males.

SummaryA delayed and retarded type of embryonic development occurred in 16.7% of the Beltsville Small White turkey eggs laid 54-224 days after the females were separated from males. This development in most instances could not be detected macroscopic-ally earlier than the 4th day of incubation. The embryonic membranes usually discontinued their growth after covering an area of the yolk equal to that occupied by a normal 2- to 3-day turkey embryo. In most instances no embryo could be detected macroscopically although serial cross sections showed a definite organization on the part of centrally located cells. Two living embryos were found in eggs laid 78 and 98 days respectively after the hens were separated from the males. These embryos, after 8 days of incubation had attained a size equivalent to a normal 4-day turkey embryo. The embryonic hearts were still beating and there was a well developed vascular system in both cases. A 7-day embryo, with a well-developed vascular system was also found in an egg w...
Forecasting Flight Activity of Sparganothis sulfureana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Cranberries

The first seasonal flight of male Sparganothis sulfureana was monitored with pheromone traps in a Wisconsin cranberry bed, and the dates of first catch and 50% catch were recorded. The number of days from first catch to 50% catch varied less than accumulated degree-days from first to 50% catch. A Weibull function was used to model cumulative percentage capture as a function of days after first catch. Predictions by the function were evaluated with data sets from locations in Wisconsin, Massachusetts, and New Jersey. The function predicted 50% catch within a mean of less than a day, and the error of the predictions had a standard deviation of 3.9 d in Wisconsin. The Wisconsin model tended to predict late in other states, thus alternative models are proposed.
Based on the lean mode Field Logistics Analysis

The logistics management of manufacturing enterprise logistics is an important part in the development of logistics,but also the core of the scene,the improvement of the logistics is directly related to the production efficiency and the cost of logistics,everywhere in the pursuit of flexible production today,take the lean mode will make the logistics management to reduce manpower and time cost,efficient production at the same time,eliminate as enterprise "third profit source " logistics may produce a hidden cost.
Epidemiological analysis of patients injured by animals in Quzhou city in 2009

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of patients injured by animals in Quzhou city in 2009 in order to provide evidence for the prevention and control of rabies.Methods The descriptive research methods were applied to analyze the epidemiological features by reviewing clinical files of patients injured by animals in 2009.Results 2050 patients injured by animals were treated in the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Quzhou in 2009,with the most cases in the age between 21 and 30 years.The rate of vaccine inoculation of canine animals that hurt was 34.24%.The rate of treatment in 12 hours after being injured by animals was 73.76%.98.05% of patients completed all the 5 injections.Conclusion Some measures are necessary,such as to strengthen administration of canine animals,to increase the rate of vaccine inoculations of canine animals,to improve the awareness of self-protection by publicity and education.The vaccine of rabies should be included in the medical insurance to increase the rate of treatment after injury by animals.
A Comparative Study of the Mathematic Journals in the Three Largest National Full-text Database

The thesis makes a comparative study of the collection of mathematics journals in the three largest national full-text database,with the purpose of offering assistance and reference to mathematics staff who want to gain information of and make use of electronic mathematics resources.
LIVE. DIE. REPEAT: a novel instructional method incorporating recursive objective-based gameplay in an emergency medicine simulation curriculum

Medical educators must develop instructional methods suiting the learning styles of their students. Simulation-based curriculums are popular among resident physicians, and have been shown to improve information recall and diagnostic abilities, and to sustain proficiency of procedural skills.1 The gamification of learning, a mechanism that engages students by integrating serious-game elements into the educational environment, has recently been explored.2 At our emergency medicine residency, we aimed to create a hybrid of the two models that would profit from each method's individual strengths. Recursive objective-based gameplay (ROBG) is a serious-game scheme in which participants are allowed infinite lives so that they can achieve predetermined criteria for progression through multiple levels of increasing difficulty. The concept resembles time loops, a plot device used in the film Edge of Tomorrow (Warner Bros Pictures 2014). We named our simulation/ROBG hybrid instructional method ‘LIVE. DIE. REPEAT.’(LDR), after the tagline featured on promotional materials for the aforementioned film. We designed a LDR curriculum targeting critical management concepts in emergent pulmonary conditions. In this manuscript, we describe the LDR concept and design, and present initial evidence supporting the effectiveness of this model in training emergency medicine residents. The LDR design and pulmonary scenario was developed and piloted for the Mayo Clinic Emergency Medicine Residency at the Mayo Clinic Multidisciplinary Simulation Center in Rochester, Minnesota, USA. …
Bounding the Relevance of System Dynamics: A Contextual Analysis

A system theoretic analysis of the proper role for System Dynamics finds it bounded within the range of finite-state and simpler stochastic-state systems. When these abstract system referents are operationalized, we find an essential role for system dynamics in the analysis and management of job shops and process shops, respectively. In simpler system contexts, System Dynamics becomes gratuitous; in the face of more complex contents, System Dynamics cannot resolve the structures nor adequately comprehend and order the behavioral alternatives.
Sleep Disorders in Attention Deficit Disorder

Parental perceptions of sleep patterns in children presenting at an ADHD clinic in Washington, DC, were assessed prospectively over a 6-month period.
Hydrocephalus and Shunt Infections

In the 10-year period, 1973-82, 431 children underwent cerebrospinal fluid shunt insertion for hydrocephalus at Children’s Memorial Hospital, Chicago.
Effect of threshold growth as a major feature on LI-RADS categorization

Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) uses major features (arterial phase hyperenhancement [APHE], “washout” [WO], “capsule,” diameter, threshold growth [TG]) to codify probability of hepatocellular carcinoma for each observation. This study assessed the effect of removing TG as a major feature on LI-RADS categorization. In this HIPAA-compliant, IRB-approved study, all MR and CT clinical reports containing a standardized LI-RADS v2014 template between 4/15–1/17 were retrospectively reviewed for each LR-3, LR-4, and LR-5 reported observation. Two LI-RADS categories were then assigned: one using all LI-RADS major features and one after removing TG as a major feature. The two categories were compared descriptively. The study included 265 patients (172 [65%] male, mean age 63 [±10] years) with 489 observations (median diameter 14 mm, IQR 10–20 mm), of which 345 (71%) had APHE, 307 (63%) had WO, 86 (18%) had “capsule,” and 72 (15%) had TG. Of 86 observations with TG, 47 (65%) were new observations ≥10 mm, 14 (19%) had diameter increase ≥50% in ≤6 months, and 11 (15%) had diameter increase ≥100% in >6 months. Using all major features, 214/489 (44%) observations were LR-3, 129/489 (26%) were LR-4, and 146/489 (30%) were LR-5. After removing TG, 237/489 (48%) were LR-3, 119/489 (24%) were LR-4, and 133 (27%) were LR-5. Removing TG caused a category downgrade for 35/489 (7%, 95% CI 5–10) observations, including 13/146 (9%, 95% CI 3–14) LR-5 observations. 9% of LR-5 observations would be downgraded without TG.
Synthesis and Evaluation of a Linkable Functional Group-Equipped Analogue of the Epothilones

An approach to the validation of a linker strategy for the epothilone family of microtubule-stabilizing agents is reported. An analogue of epothilone B in which the C(6) methyl group has been replaced with a 4-azidobutyl group has been prepared by total chemical synthesis, and amides derived from the azido group have been shown to retain the activity of the parent compound. These results set the stage for an evaluation of the potential of the epothilones to serve as the drug component of antibody–drug conjugates and other selective tumor cell-targeting conjugates.
Monitoring of batch processes through state-space models

Abstract This paper will focus on the development of an improved and more general monitoring framework for batch processes. A subspace identification method will be used to extract “within-batch” and “between-batch” correlation information from historical operation data in the form of a state-space model. A simple monitoring procedure can be formed around the state and residuals of the model using scalar statistical metrics. The proposed state-space monitoring framework will deliver a powerful alternative over existing multivariate methods. Since the “between-batch” correlation is modeled explicitly, the algorithm is likely to be more effective than the traditional multivariate methods for detecting small mean shifts, slow drifts, and changes in the correlation structure. The framework is general enough to allow for several formulations, including an off-line formulation, an on-line formulation, or a more flexible formulation that allows for the use of both on-line and off-line information in a single framework.
Minimum entropy autofocus correction of residual range cell migration

In this article, we present a SAR autofocus algorithm that can correct for motion errors exceeding a range-resolution cell. Most traditional autofocus algorithms operate by applying a 1D phase correction in the cross-range dimension of the image spatial frequency domain [1]–[3]. When the motion errors exceed a range-resolution cell, 1D phase-only compensation is not sufficient. We will describe an algorithm that can deal with such errors by using a 2D phase correction. Our algorithm is based on optimizing image focus by minimizing the image entropy.
Complete Genome Sequence of Porcine respirovirus 1 Strain USA/MN25890NS/2016, Isolated in the United States.

ABSTRACT A porcine parainfluenza virus type 1 (species Porcine respirovirus 1) cell culture isolate, USA/MN25890NS/2016, was obtained from porcine nasal swabs, and its complete genome sequence (GenBank accession number MF681710) was determined to help further characterize this virus.
Adapting a Robot's linguistic style based on socially-aware reinforcement learning

When looking at Socially Interactive Robots, adaptation to the user's preferences plays an important role in today's Human-Robot Interaction to keep interaction interesting and engaging over a long period of time. Findings indicate an increase in user engagement for robots with adaptive behavior and personality, but also that it depends on the task context whether a similar or opposing robot personality is preferred. We present an approach based on Reinforcement Learning, which gets its reward directly from social signals in real-time during the interaction, to quickly learn about and dynamically address individual human preferences. Our scenario involves a Reeti robot in the role of a story teller talking about the main characters in the novel “Alice's Adventures in Wonderland” by generating descriptions with varying degree of introversion/extraversion. After initial simulation results, an interactive prototype is presented which allows to explore the learning process adapting to the human interaction partner's engagement.
CORRELATION OF ANTEROSEPTAL ST-ELEVATIONS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TERRITORIES THROUGH CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Anteroseptal myocardial infarction (MI) is traditionally defined on the electrocardiogram (ECG) by ST elevations (STE) in leads V1-V3, with or without involvement of lead V4. While existing pedagogy depicts such MIs as affecting the basal anteroseptal myocardial segment, there are reports that the
Radiation Dose in Active Interrogation

The fundamental concepts and quantities used to describe radiation dose continue to be refined to represent the best scientific understanding to protect humans and the environment. The safe implementation of active interrogation systems requires trade-offs between optimizing the use of radiation-generating technology to the benefit of mankind while minimizing the hazards and risks. Predicting the effects of the source and target radiation as it interacts is critical to optimizing the system’s ability to identify the unknown target material with high confidence in an accurate, economical, and time-efficient manner, while ensuring the safe operation of such systems in either open or closed environments. The radiation protection risks posed by the deployment of such systems are varied and potentially dangerous.
Motoneuronal Control of Eye Retraction/Nictitating Membrane Extension in Rabbit

The rabbit nictitating membane conditioning preparation, which was initially developed by Gormezano et al. (1962), has begun to be widely used as a model mammalian system in which to analyze the neurobiological substrates of learning. The preparation offers many technical advantages for this use (Thompson, 1976; Disterhoft et al., 1977). Since conditioning occurs rapidly, even when the rabbit’s head is fixed, the activity of single neurons may be related to behavioral response acquisition (Kraus and Disterhoft, 1982); auditory conditioned stimuli may be well controlled (Kraus and Disterhoft, 1981); and behavioral measurement is facilitated (Quinn et al., 1984).
Symmetry Methods in Diffusion

The diffusion equation with variable coefficient D is explored. It is found that the existence of symmetries in the diffusion equation implies conservation laws associated with D. Since these symmetries can be tested [1], diffusion experiments can be designed to elucidate the nature of D. Not only is this approach superior to the usual method of constrained optimization, it is capable of determining a unique activation enthalpy.
Peroxisomes in Sebaceous Glands: Biosynthetic Role and Hormonal Regulation

Sebaceous glands specialize in the production of unique secretory lipids. The membrane fractions catalyzing the synthesis of some of these lipids sedimented between mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum fractions. Electron micrographs of avian uropygial glands taken in the 1970s reveal microperoxisome-like bodies and more recent results with stained glands clearly show the presence of peroxisomes. The bovine meibomian gland produces wax esters and sterol esters containing exclusively short ( C18) acids, respectively. Experimental evidence suggest that wax esters are generated by enzymes located in the endoplasmic reticulum whereas the sterol esters are synthesized by peroxisomal enzymes. This compartmentation explains the striking differences in the acyl portion of the two classes of esters. Another example of peroxisomal synthesis of sebaceous gland lipids with pheromonal activity was recently discovered. Uropygial glands of female mallards produce wax esters during the entire year except during the mating season of April and May when they produce exclusively diesters of C8, C1(), and C12 3-hydroxy acids. The diesters are composed of n-components whereas branched acids dominate the acyl portion of tKe wax. Experiments with cell-free preparations from the glands showed that the 3-hydroxy acids are formed from the corresponding fatty acids by the action of a cyanide-insensitive and 02-dependent fatty acyl-CoA oxidase followed by hydration of the resulting double bond. This synthesis was catalyzed by a peroxisome-enriched fraction obtained by differential centrifugation and density gradient centrifugation. Injection of thyroxine and estradiol induced the synthesis of the diesters of 3-hydroxy acids in the uropygial glands of not only females but also males which do not ordinarily synthesize such esters at any time. The diester-producing males received female-like treatment from normal males. Light and electron microscopic examination of the glands showed that the hormone-induced synthesis of diesters was accompanied by proliferation of peroxisomes.