cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Postsecondary Education Success: Stories of Three Students with Learning Disabilities

While graduation from high school may be common for students with learning disabilities, successful completion of a four-year degree program at the postsecondary level is not as common. This article contains the stories of the first three high school students with learning disabilities taught by the author who successfully graduated from postsecondary institutions. The students share their perceptions of their academic strengths and weaknesses with the author and identify personal goals and skills as well as the accommodations and modifications used in high school needed for success at the postsecondary level. The article discusses services used at the secondary and postsecondary levels, the importance of self-advocacy, and recommendations for students with learning disabilities as they transition from high school to postsecondary education.
Surprises in modeling decision problems

Insights in modeling are often surprises that occur as part of the modeling process. These can happen in many ways and for many reasons. This paper discusses how some such surprises occurred in real applications based on personal experiences of the author. The goal of the paper is to help develop a better understanding for the types and the impacts of surprises that may occur in practice, which in turn hopefully can lead to more effective modeling.
Modest vs. robust theories of semantics

This chapter discusses the neuromimetic modeling of coordination and quantification by showing how it cannot be done and by deducing from the visual system how it should be done. The review of the visual system is generalized to a series of desiderata which can be satisfied by any cognitive ability. These desiderata are then incorporated into the specific proposals for engineering natural information-processing systems and for evaluating the linguistic hypotheses based on natural computation. The computational level specifies the task that is being solved by the system. It states the input data, the results they produce, and the overall aim of the computation. The computational architecture of an intelligent system should obey some specifications. Some of these include: large number of active processors, no central controller, connections among processors are numerous, messages communicate a magnitude without internal structure, each processor computes an output message based on the magnitudes of its input messages and transmits it to all of the processors to which it is connected.
Comparison of outcomes between SBRT, yttrium-90 radioembolization, transarterial chemoembolization, and radiofrequency ablation as bridge to transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Abstract Purpose To evaluate and compare outcome of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), yttrium-90 radioembolization, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) as bridge to liver transplant (LT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods and materials We retrospectively reviewed patients treated at our institution with SBRT, TACE, RFA, or yttrium-90 as bridge to LT between 2006 and 2013. We analyzed radiologic and pathologic response and rate of failure after bridge therapy. Toxicities were reported using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, 4.0. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival after LT. Results Sixty patients with a median age 57.5 years (range, 44-70) met inclusion criteria. Thirty-one patients (50.7%) had hepatitis C cirrhosis, 14 (23%) alcoholic cirrhosis, and 8 (13%) nonalcoholic steatohepatitis cirrhosis. Patients received a total of 79 bridge therapies: SBRT (n = 24), TACE (n = 37), RFA (n = 9), and Y90 (n = 9). Complete response (CR) was 25% for TACE, 8.6% for SBRT, 22% for RFA, and 33% for Y90. Grade 3 or 4 acute toxicity occurred following TACE (n = 4) and RFA (n = 2). Transplant occurred at a median of 7.4 months after bridge therapy. Pathological response among 57 patients was 100% necrosis (n = 23, 40%), >50% necrosis (n = 20, 35%), Conclusion All bridge therapies demonstrated good pathological response and DFS after LT. SBRT and Y90 demonstrated significantly less grade ≥3 acute toxicity. Choice of optimal modality depends on tumor size, pretreatment bilirubin level, Child-Pugh status, and patient preference. Such a decision is best made at a multidisciplinary tumor board as is done at our institution.
A New High Pressure Droplet Vaporization Model for Diesel Engine Modeling

A droplet vaporization model has been developed for use in high pressure spray modeling. The model is a modification of the common Spalding vaporization model that accounts for the effects of high pressure on phase equilibrium, transport properties, and surface tension. The new model allows for a nonuniform temperature within the liquid by using a simple 2-zone model for the droplet. The effects of the different modifications are tested both for the case of a single vaporizing droplet in a quiescent environment as well as for a high pressure spray using the KIVA II code. Comparisons with vaporizing spray experiments show somewhat improved spray penetration predictions. Also, the effect of the vaporization model on diesel combustion predictions was studied by applying the models to simulate the combustion process in a heavy duty diesel engine. In this case the standard and High Pressure vaporization models were found to give similar heat release and emissions results. However, the results show that a more realistic representation of the vaporization process is achieved with the new model. In particular, less unburned fuel is predicted to remain in the combustion chamber late in the power stroke.
Review of Effects of Shock (< 60 kbar; < 6 $\times $ 10$^{9}$ Pa) on Magnetism of Lunar Samples

Experimental shock studies of highland and mare soils in the range of a few to 50 kbar (5 $\times $ 10$^{9}$ Pa) have given the following results: (1) Shock, if less than 20 kbar, does not change the magnetic characteristics of the soil substantially and only weak and unstable shock remanence is generated in a field of 0.5 Oe. (2) Shock of between 20 and 50 kbar lithifies the soil and gives rise to stable shock remanence. Acquisition is approximately linear in field for a given shock level. At 30 kbar the acquisition parameter for the highland soil was 10$^{-5}$ G cm$^{3}$ g$^{-1}$ Oe$^{-1}$. In this range of 20-50 kbar the products of shock are petrologically and magnetically similar to certain regolith breccias. (3) Shock demagnetization preferentially demagnetizes the softer part of thermo-remanent magnetization (t.r.m.) and hence makes it relatively harder. The significance of these results is that shock remanence is likely to be the cause of the natural remanent magnetization (n.r.m.) of certain regolith breccias and shock may modify the primary remanence of other samples.
Lexical Input Processing and Vocabulary Learning

This book focuses on theory, research, and practice related to lexical input processing (lex-IP), an exciting field exploring how learners allocate their limited processing resources when exposed to words and lexical phrases in the input. Unit 1 specifies parameters of lex-IP research among other levels of input processing as well as key components (form, meaning, mapping) and contexts (incidental/intentional) of vocabulary learning. Unit 2 highlights theoretical advances, such as the type of processing – resource allocation (TOPRA) model, consistent with research on tasks (sentence writing, word copying, word retrieval) that learners may perform during vocabulary learning. Unit 3 highlights patterns in partial word form learning and input-based effects, including the value of increased exposure, drawbacks of presenting vocabulary in semantic sets, and advantages of input enhancement, particularly with regard to increasing talker, speaking-style, and speaking-rate variability in spoken input. The book unifies a range of research pertinent to lex-IP, summarizes theoretical and instructional implications, and proposes intriguing new directions for future research.
Robotic Versus Thoracoscopic Resection for Lung Cancer: Early Results of a New Robotic Program.

Abstract Background: Robot-assisted surgical techniques have been introduced in recent years as an alternative minimally invasive approach for lung surgery. While the advantage of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) over thoracotomy for anatomical lung resection has been extensively reported, the results of robotic video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RVATS) compared to VATS are still under investigation. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of lung cancer patients, undergoing minimally invasive segmentectomy or lobectomy between December 2007 and May 2014. A robotic program was introduced in 2011. Relevant early surgical outcomes were compared between VATS and RVATS, including mortality, morbidity, conversion to thoracotomy, length of stay (LOS), and reoperation. Results: Eighty (60.2%) patients underwent VATS resection, while 53 (39.8%) had a RVATS procedure. The two groups presented no meaningful differences at baseline, in terms of age, race, body mass index, and preoperative comorbid...
Impact of Epilepsy Surgery on Motor Performance

The impact of epilepsy surgery on motor performance of 37 children (ages 1 month to 15 years) with refractory seizures was evaluated at the Wilhelmina University Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
IMPACT OF QUADRIPOLAR LEFT VENTRICULAR LEADS ON INTRAPROCEDURAL AND LONG TERM OUTCOMES: RESULTS FROM A PROSPECTIVE REGISTRY

Quadripolar (Quad) left ventricular (LV) leads have been approved for implantation in CRT devices in October of 2011 in United States. Limited data is available regarding the real world experience with these lead implantations, especially in the United States. All patients undergoing CRT
Abstract 5033: Modeling Ewing's sarcoma and tolerance of EWS-FLI1 with neural crest stem cells.

Ewing9s sarcoma (ES) is a highly malignant bone and soft tissue tumor that primarily affects children and young adults. These tumors are characterized by chromosomal translocations, most commonly t(11;22)(q24;q12), which generates the EWS-FLI1 fusion oncogene. Despite its oncogenic potential, the fusion protein induces cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in most non-transformed cells unless mutations in tumor suppressors such as p16 are also present. However, only a minority of patients (∼25%) have such mutations at diagnosis, suggesting other mechanisms for cellular tolerance must be present in the cell of origin. Currently, the cell of origin of these tumors is controversial, with data supporting both a mesenchymal and/or neural crest origin. To assess the potential to model ES using mouse neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) and elucidate the mechanism(s) of EWS-FLI1 tolerance, primary fetal and adult mouse NCSCs were transduced with a V5-tagged EWS-FLI1 2a eGFP construct. Both wild-type fetal and postnatal NCSCs tolerated EWS-FLI1 expression, with 40-60% of the stem cell-derived neurospheres positive for GFP. There was no difference in neurosphere forming ability between cells infected with EWS-FLI1 or an empty vector, suggesting EWS-FLI1 expression was not toxic to these cells. EWS-FLI1 expression was maintained as the stem cells self-renewed, with GFP-positive primary neurospheres giving rise to GFP-positive secondary and tertiary neurospheres but there was no difference in the frequency of GFP-positive and -negative secondary neurospheres. EWS-FLI1 expression was confirmed by quantitative PCR and the V5 tag was localized to the nucleus by immunocytochemistry, consistent with transcription factor function. EWS-FLI1-mediated gene expression analysis is currently ongoing. Interestingly, the tolerance of EWS-FLI1 was dramatically reduced in Bmi-1 deficient NCSCs. Bmi-1 is known to function cooperatively with multiple other oncogenes to mediate transformation but its role in tolerance has not been studied. In the absence of Bmi-1 only 8% of the fetal neurospheres were positive for GFP, a large decrease compared to 40% of the wild-type neurospheres. Taken together, these data are consistent with a neural crest origin for ES and demonstrate a critical role for Bmi-1-mediated tolerance to EWS-FLI1. Work is ongoing to determine whether EWS-FLI1 can transform these cells and to assess the full utility of this novel system to model ES and genetically assess important regulators of EWS-FLI1 function. Citation Format: Jack T. Mosher, Victor S. Chen, Elizabeth R. Lawlor. Modeling Ewing9s sarcoma and tolerance of EWS-FLI1 with neural crest stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5033. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5033
Renovascular injuries from external trauma. Diagnosis, treatment, and outcome.

SUMMARY Blunt trauma of the deceleration or acceleration type is the most common cause of renal pedicle injuries comprising thrombosis or rupture of the main renal artery, branch renal artery, or the renal vein. There are no symptoms or signs specific to this injury, and hematuria is absent in one third of the cases. Severe multiple associated injuries are present in almost all cases, with a mortality rate of 44 per cent. Radiologic evaluation with intravenous urography shows nonappearance of the involved kidney. CT reveals nonenhancement of the kidney except for the periphery of the cortex from collateral circulation (rim sign), and renal arteriography shows occlusion of the renal artery or its branches. Despite immediate radiologic evaluation resulting in a short time from injury to diagnosis, most of the patients are not candidates for vascular repair owing to the high incidence of severe associated injuries, especially a second injury to the same kidney. Even with vascular repair, the function of the kidney is not restored to normal. Late hypertension is found in 50 per cent of patients with main renal artery thrombosis managed conservatively.
Design of relay node selection scheme for cooperative communication

As the instantaneous Channel State Information( CSI) of source to relay and relay to destination affects the overall Bit Error Rate( BER) of the cooperative communication system, a relay selection scheme which evaluated the two-stage channel coefficients was proposed. Firstly, the channel coefficients of source-relay channel and the channel coefficients of relay-destination channel were compared according to the CSI of each candidate relay, and the worse one was found out.Moreover, a node set containing the approximate optimal relays was obtained by sorting the candidate relays based on their worse channel coefficients. Finally, the relay with the highest summation of the two-stage channel coefficients in the set was selected as the one which participated in the cooperative transmission. The simulation results reveal that the Signal-to-Noise Ratio( SNR) of the proposed relay selection scheme respectively decreases by 0. 4 d B and 0. 2 d B compared with the best worse channel selection scheme and the delay selection scheme based on the nearest neighbor relation, when the number of candidate relay nodes is 100 and 5, and the BER decreases to 10- 4and 10- 5. In general, the proposed scheme can expend the information transmission range and improve the reliability in the wireless relay network.
ROLE OF SURAMIN AS AN IL-1 INHIBITOR IN SUPPRESSION OF ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA PROGENITOR PROLIFERATION

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) modulates both autocrine and paracrine growth-stimulatory mechanisms of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell proliferation. Recent studies show that blocking the interaction between IL-1 and its receptor may suppress this proliferation. Because suramin, a polysulfonated naphthylurea originally described as an antitrypanosomal agent, was found to inhibit the binding of several growth factors to their receptor, we tested its effect on AML progenitor proliferation. We first examined the effect of suramin on murine EL-4.6.1 cells that express type I IL-1 receptors and found that suramin inhibited the binding of IL-1 to its receptor. We then tested the effect of suramin on AML progenitors using bone marrow samples from 17 patients with AML. In all experiments, suramin inhibited AML blast proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion at concentrations ranging from 30 to 240 microM. IL-1 beta (100 U/mL) partially reversed this inhibitory effect. Suramin also inhibited normal early and mature hematopoietic progenitors, as assessed by both the delta assay and the mixed colony culture assay; however, at the same concentration, suramin suppressed the colony growth of colony-forming units granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) by only 45% compared with an 89% suppression of AML progenitors. IL-1 beta did not negate this inhibitory effect, which suggests that another growth inhibitory mechanism might be operative. Our data suggest that suramin may inhibit AML progenitor proliferation by blocking the interaction of IL-1 and its receptor; therefore, further studies are warranted to evaluate suramin's therapeutic potential in patients with AML.
Students’ Perceptions of Faculty Evaluations

This study focuses on students’ perceptions of faculty evaluations. Findings indicate that a large percent of students (1) do not take their responsibility seriously to fill out faculty evaluations, (2) do not know the major purpose of faculty evaluations, (3) base their evaluations on factors other than the teacher’s performance in the classroom, and (4) would be more critical in their evaluations if they knew the faculty member’s job was dependent upon their evaluation.
Some reproductive and life history characteristics of rare plants and implications of management

Analysis of the vascular floras of Utah, Colorado, and California suggest that a syndrome of life form and reproductive characteristics separates rare and common species. Woody plants are heavily underrepresented, and herbs are overrepresented on the official lists of endangered and/or threatened plants of the floras considered. Few of the rare species are descended from wind-pollinated ancestors, but instead are derived from the insect-pollinated stock. Theory suggests that many of the rare taxa will ultimately be shown to be self-pollinated. The date show a tendency for rare species to be better represented among taxa having bilaterrally symmetrical as opposed to radially symmetrical flowers. in aggregate, the results suggest that most rare taxa are equipped for rapid exploitation of small, unusual habitats, Because many rare taxa appear to be dependent on insects for reproduction, their survival depends not only on appropriate physical habitat but also on healthy pollinator populations. Reproduction of outcrossed taxa will be handicapped by road dust and other sources of atmospheric particulate which might foul stigmatic surfaces. Self-pollinated taxa may have little generic variability and thus be especially sensitive to environmental modifications. Because most rare taxa have little generic variability and thus be especially sensitive to environmental modifications. Because most rare taxa are dicotyledonous herbs, herbicides such as 2, 4-D which have been widely used in vegetation management for control of broadleafed plants can be expected to have highly deleterious effects on populations of rare species in the target area.
Getting Around with Maps and Apps: How ICT Sways Mode Choice

As computers have become cheap and mobile—most notably in the form of the smartphone—the data and information that they convey has become increasingly practical and spatial for a critical mass of consumers. In short, through mobile devices and GPS functionality, a substantial connected class can now find information that is relevant to them based on where they are, and when they are there. One of the most practical and common behaviors exhibited is the ability to check digital maps and transport information while mobile, often with real-time data. What influence might this have on travel behavior? This study uses focus groups to gain an exploratory understanding of the qualitative influence that information communication technology (ICT) exerts on travel mode choice.
Ocular Manifestations of Allergic and Immunologic Diseases

The immune system is a complex defense system of the human body. Allergy is an exaggerated response of the immune system, and immunodeficiency is the lack of an adequate immune system. Both of these disease processes have both systemic and ophthalmic manifestations, which can include hypersensitivity reactions, infections, autoimmunities, and uveitides. This chapter reviews the common and rare manifestations of both allergic and immunologic diseases.
Critically imperiled forest fragment supports bat diversity and activity within a subtropical grassland

Global biodiversity patterns are shaped by landscape structure and seasonality. Spatio-temporal patterns in bat assemblages are not well studied in grassland biomes but forest patches may provide important habitat for bats within these open grasslands. In the Greater Everglades Ecosystem (GEE), small fragments of diverse, critically imperiled pine rockland remain amidst a vast expanse of seasonally flooded grasslands (marl prairies). We used acoustic surveys to investigate the use of pine rocklands and marl prairies by bats across 2 distinct seasons (dry-cool and wet-warm). We detected higher mean bat activity in pine rocklands than marl prairies in the dry-cool season and higher bat species richness in pine rocklands in both seasons. Four of the 9 species of bats exhibited higher mean activity in pine rocklands than marl prairies and higher activity in the wet-warm season. The greater structural complexity of pine rocklands relative to marl prairies may be attractive to bats for roosting, foraging, and protective cover. Our finding of an interactive effect between vegetation community and season on bat activity suggests that pine rocklands may be more attractive to bats in the dry-cool season. This may be due to microclimate moderation, which likely leads to higher insect abundance for foraging bats. Pine rocklands in the GEE clearly provide ecological benefits that help support local biodiversity. These forest patches are important landscape elements for bats in grassland communities, where available roosts, prey, and protective cover may be limited.
Introduction: Representing Domestic Violence, Regalvanizing the Revolution

This chapter introduces the three critical contexts for this discussion of domestic violence films (domestic abuse post-awareness, postfeminism, and film genres), summarizes primary concepts in domestic violence literature, discusses the legacy of The Burning Bed as a major contemporary media representation of abuse, and previews subsequent chapters.
Latent, Immunosuppressive Nature of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microparticles

Use of biomaterials to spatiotemporally control the activation of immune cells is at the forefront of biomedical engineering research. As more biomaterial strategies are employed for immunomodulation, understanding the immunogenicity of biodegradable materials and their byproducts is paramount in tailoring systems for immune activation or suppression. Poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), one of the most commonly studied polymers in tissue engineering and drug delivery, has been previously described on one hand as an immune adjuvant, and on the other as a nonactivating material. In this study, the effect of PLGA microparticles (MPs) on the maturation status of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs), the primary initiators of adaptive immunity, was investigated to decipher the immunomodulatory properties of this biomaterial. Treatment of bone marrow-derived DCs from C57BL/6 mice with PLGA MPs led to a time dependent decrease in the maturation level of these cells, as quantified by decreased e...
Zotero: A Guide for Librarians, Researchers and Educators

With so much research material available online, library users would greatly benefit from a tool that saves references from library catalogs and research databases, articles in pdf format, citation...
A male child with the rumpshaker mutation, X-linked spastic paraplegia/Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease and lysinuria

A 3.5-year-old boy had intact cognition, delayed walking, progressive spastic paraparesis and congenital nystagmus. The mother denied family history of any neurological disorders, so an extensive work-up was begun. Lysinuria, increased signal on cerebral T2-weighted MRI imaging and the rumpshaker mutation (Ile186Thr) in his proteolipid protein gene, PLP, were found. When faced with these facts, the mother admitted that she was related to the family reported by Johnston and McKusick in 1962 and Kobayashi in 1994, in whom this mutation has been reported. This is the first report of an abnormal MRI scan in this family.
Growth and Defects

Growth of crystals certainly begins in a non-equilibrium condition, and even after establishment of large faces there is still an energy barrier to continued growth. Consequently caution is necessary in interpretation of growth-controlled features. In this chapter an attempt is made to understand the mechanisms of growth of feldspars by combining theoretical ideas with observations of morphological features. The geometry of chemical zoning is considered in relation to various proposals concerning the change of petrologic factors during growth. The morphology (tracht) of feldspar crystals is described phenomenologically for different petrologic conditions and an attempt made to relate the observations to the crystalline atomic patterns. Finally various coarse textures shown by feldspars are described and evaluated. Fine-scale intergrowths are discussed in Chapter 19, and are differentiated from the coarse intergrowths because of their greater dependence on forces across internal boundaries. Twinning is treated separately in Chapter 18 because of its remarkable complexity. Intergrowths of feldspars with other minerals are treated in Chapter 20.
Ten Questions About Barium Esophagography and Dysphagia

The barium esophagogram is a global test for patients with dysphagia that can simultaneously detect morphologic abnormalities in the pharynx and esophagus, pharyngeal swallowing dysfunction, esophageal dysmotility, and gastroesophageal reflux. The barium esophagram is an inexpensive, noninvasive, and widely available procedure that can serve as the initial diagnostic test for dysphagia and facilitate selection of other diagnostic studies such as endoscopy. This article addresses 10 questions about barium esophagography and dysphagia that should help gastroenterologists gain a better perspective about the utility of barium studies in this clinical setting.
Comparative Anatomy of the Hippocampus

Experimental work beginning in the last century and carried on with increasing intensity in recent times has provided ever more precise accounts of the anatomical, physiological, and biochemical properties of the various subfields and interconnections of the hippocampal formation. Indeed, hippocampus is now one of the most thoroughly described regions in mammalian brain. Despite this, it has not been possible to link the specific neurobiological features of the structure to its contributions to behavior; this is quite possibly one of the reasons that the role of hippocampus in processes such as learning and memory remains a subject of continuing controversy.
Dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase in rat heart extracts by E. coli alkaline phosphatase

Regulation of the dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase in extracts from rat heart has been studied by adding exogenous phosphatase to the extract. These experiments were possible only because the endogenous protein phosphatase activity of the extract could be inhibited by KF under conditions where alkaline phosphatase activity was not. The concentration of substrate (glycogen synthase from the heart extract) and catalyst (purified E. coli alkaline phosphatase) could be varied independently, by adding known amounts of alkaline phosphatase to the KF-containing heart extracts. Alkaline phosphatase could completely dephosphorylate glycogen synthase while phosphorylase was unchanged. The rate of dephosphorylation was proportional to both the concentration of alkaline phosphatase added to the tissue extract and the amount of glycogen synthase in the extract. The Km for glycogen synthase was close to the concentration found in heart tissue. The Km and the maximum rate of dephosphorylation were both dependent on the phosphorylation state of the glycogen synthase. Less phosphorylated enzyme forms were dephosphorylated faster. These results indicate the necessity for precise control of many variables in studying the rate of glycogen synthase dephosphorylation. Alkaline phosphatase-catalyzed dephosphorylation could be inhibited by physiological concentrations of glycogen. Glycogen synthase dephosphorylation in extracts from fasted-refed rats was less sensitive to glycogen inhibition than in extracts from normal animals. The phosphorylation state of the glycogen synthase in these animals was assessed by kinetic studies to show that differences in phosphorylation state probably could not account for the observations. Fasting led to a decreased rate of dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase due to both an apparent change in kinetic properties of glycogen synthase as a substrate for alkaline phosphatase, and an increased inhibitory effect of glycogen. Stable modifications of glycogen synthase caused by altered nutritional states in the animals are thought to produce these effects.
Emergent Errant Bodies

This chapter explores some of the contemporary practices of errancy and nomadism in an era of increased digital navigation, mapping, and monitoring. Drawing upon exemplars from several disciplines, particular focus is given to the activities of Keri Smith, Will Self, and Robyn Davidson. Each of these errant bodies demonstrates an embrace of the contemporary reach of global cross-culturalization, but also employ getting lost as a means to recoil from the global and bring us to the particular placedness of the local. This last chapter deals with this very contradiction and tension—what is the role of errancy in a twenty-first-century technologically driven world that is dominated by being locatable and networked? As our travel and mobility becomes increasingly regulated, many of these emergent errant bodies offer hope that getting lost is still possible and that being out-of-place can still be used to resist dominant power formations.
MTD 2018: 5th ACM Workshop on Moving Target Defense (MTD)

The objective of the 5th ACM Workshop on Moving Target Defense (MTD 2018) - held in Toronto, Canada on October 15, 2018, in conjunction with the 24th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (ACM CCS 2018) - is to bring together researchers from academia, government, and industry to discuss novel randomization, diversification, and dynamism techniques for improving the security of computer systems and network, and new metric and analytical frameworks to assess and quantify the effectiveness of MTD techniques. As in previous editions, the 2018 workshop offers a forum to discuss the challenges and opportunities that such defenses provide. We have assembled an exciting and diverse program including nine refereed papers and one invited keynote talk that will provide participants with a vibrant and thought-provoking set of ideas and insights.
Evaluating and Enhancing Intel® Stratix® 10 FPGAs for Persistent Real-Time AI

Interactive intelligent services (e.g., smart web search) are becoming essential datacenter workloads. They rely on data-intensive artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that do not use batch computation due to their tight latency constraints. Since off-chip data accesses have higher latency and energy consumption than on-chip accesses, a persistent AI approach with the entire model stored in on-chip memory is becoming the new norm for real-time AI. This approach is the cornerstone of Microsoft's Brainwave FPGA-based AI cloud and was recently added to Nvidia's cuDNN library. In this work, we implement, optimize and evaluate a Brainwave-like neural processing unit (NPU) on a large Stratix-10 FPGA. We benchmark it against a large Nvidia Volta GPU running cuDNN persistent AI kernels. Across real-time persistent RNN, GRU, and LSTM workloads, we show that Stratix-10 offers ~3× (FP32) and ~10× (INT8) better latency than GPU (FP32), which uses only ~6% of its peak throughput. Then, we propose TensorRAM, an ASIC chiplet for persistent AI that is 2.5D integrated with an FPGA in the same package. TensorRAM enhances the on-chip memory capacity and bandwidth, with enough multi-precision INT8/4/2/1 throughput to match that bandwidth. Multiple TensorRAMs can be integrated with Stratix-10. Our evaluation shows that a small 32-mm2 TensorRAM on 10nm offers 64MB of SRAMs with 32TB/s on-chiplet bandwidth and 64 TOP/s (INT8). A small Stratix-10 with a TensorRAM (INT8) offers 16× better latency and 34× energy efficiency compared to GPU (FP32). Overall, Stratix-10 with TensorRAM offers compelling and scalable persistent AI solutions.
The application of a novel pro-azaphosphatrane in catalytic cycles and as a novel ligand

vi GENERAL INTRODUCTION I Dissertation Organization I A review of pro-azaphosphatrane 1 I A NOVEL BASE ENHANCEMENT OF THE STILL CROSS COUPLING REACTION 9 Abstract 9 Introduction 9 Results and Discussion 13 Conclusion 21 Experimental Section 22 Acknowledgment 26 References 26 FLUORIDE-CATALYZED REDUCTION OF PALLADIUM(II) TO PALLADIUM(O) PHOSPHINE COMPLEXES 39 Abstract 39 Introduction 39 Experimental Section 41 Results and Discussion 43 Acknowledgment 46 References 46 P(NMeCH,CH2)3N: A GENERALLY SUPERIOR PROMOTER OF THE KNOEVENAGEL CONDENSATION 49 Abstract 49 Introduction 49 Results and Discussion 51 Experimental Section 54 Acknowledgment 56 References 56 Supporting Material 60 PREPARATION OF {Au[P(NMeCH2CH2)3N]2} CI 62 Abstract 62 Introduction 62 Results and Discussion 64 Experimental Section 64 Conclusions 66 Acknowledgment 66 References 66
Factors associated with Chinese American and White cancer survivors' physical and psychological functioning.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether health-related stressors and resources are associated with physical function, depression, and anxiety in Chinese American and White breast cancer survivors. METHOD During 2011-2013, this cross-sectional study enrolled Chinese American and White women from California cancer registries diagnosed with Stage 0-III breast cancer between 2006 and 2012. Survivors completed a telephone survey assessing health-related factors including comorbidity, treatment-related symptoms, medical communication, perceived threat, use of coping, and social support resources. Outcomes were assessed using the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) short forms. Chinese were classified as low- or high-acculturated based on English proficiency, years in the United States, and interview language. Analyses were conducted using Tobit regression models. RESULTS Low-acculturated Chinese (n = 136) had worse physical functioning than Whites (n = 216), controlling for demographics, cancer stage, and time since diagnosis (β = -3.33, p = .01). This disparity was attenuated after adjusting for comorbidity and symptoms (β = -1.63, p = .18). Perceived threat, disengagement coping, and lack of social support were associated with poorer psychological outcomes, regardless of ethnicity. Although low-acculturated Chinese had lower scores on all health-related factors than Whites, the former reported significantly lower level of depression (β = -3.23) and anxiety (β = -5.8) after adjusting for covariates (both p < .05). High-acculturated Chinese (n = 84) did not differ from Whites except that the former had significantly lower anxiety. CONCLUSION Low-acculturated Chinese may benefit from interventions aimed to improve their physical problems. However, despite experiencing greater psychosocial stress, they reported better emotional functioning. Whether Chinese culture shapes this resiliency, or if it is a reporting bias will need further investigation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Deeper well drilling an unsustainable stopgap to groundwater depletion

Groundwater depletion is causing wells to run dry, affecting food production and domestic water access. Drilling deeper wells may stave off the drying up of wells—for those who can afford it and where hydrogeologic conditions permit it—yet the frequency of deeper drilling is unknown. Here, we compile 11.8 million groundwater-well locations, depths and purposes across the United States. We show that typical wells are being constructed deeper 1.4 to 9.2 times more often than they are being constructed shallower. Well deepening is not ubiquitous in all areas where groundwater levels are declining, implying that shallow wells are vulnerable to running dry should groundwater depletion continue. We conclude that widespread deeper well drilling represents an unsustainable stopgap to groundwater depletion that is limited by socioeconomic conditions, hydrogeology and groundwater quality. Groundwater wells in the United States are under more stress than ever before due to drought conditions and rising demand, but the extensive nature of deeper drilling has been unreported. This analysis compiles nearly 12 million groundwater wells across the United States to determine water vulnerability and sustainability.
Structural and Functional Characterization of YdjI, an Aldolase of Unknown Specificity in Escherichia coli K12.

The ydj gene cluster is found in 80% of sequenced Escherichia coli genomes and other closely related species in the human microbiome. On the basis of the annotations of the enzymes located in this cluster, it is expected that together they catalyze the catabolism of an unknown carbohydrate. The focus of this investigation is on YdjI, which is in the ydj gene cluster of E. coli K-12. It is predicted to be a class II aldolase of unknown function. Here we describe a structural and functional characterization of this enzyme. YdjI catalyzes the hydrogen/deuterium exchange of the pro-S hydrogen at C3 of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). In the presence of DHAP, YdjI catalyzes an aldol condensation with a variety of aldo sugars. YdjI shows a strong preference for higher-order (seven-, eight-, and nine-carbon) monosaccharides with specific hydroxyl stereochemistries and a negatively charged terminus (carboxylate or phosphate). The best substrate is l-arabinuronic acid with an apparent kcat of 3.0 s-1. The product, l-glycero-l-galacto-octuluronate-1-phosphate, has a kcat/Km value of 2.1 × 103 M-1 s-1 in the retro-aldol reaction with YdjI. This is the first recorded synthesis of l-glycero-l-galacto-octuluronate-1-phosphate and six similar carbohydrates. The crystal structure of YdjI, determined to a nominal resolution of 1.75 A (Protein Data Bank entry 6OFU ), reveals unusual positions for two arginine residues located near the active site. Computational docking was utilized to distinguish preferable binding orientations for l-glycero-l-galacto-octuluronate-1-phosphate. These results indicate a possible alternative binding orientation for l-glycero-l-galacto-octuluronate-1-phosphate compared to that observed in other class II aldolases, which utilize shorter carbohydrate molecules.
Influence of Soil Backfill on Vibration-Based Pipeline Leakage Detection

AbstractAn estimated 20% of treated fresh water is lost through leakage in distribution pipeline infrastructure in the United States. As a result, significant research has been devoted to developin...
A new way for handling mobility in longitudinal data

In the social sciences, applied researchers often face a statistical dilemma when multilevel data is structured such that lower-level units are not purely clustered within higher-level units. To ai...
Fibronectin has multifunctional roles in posterior capsular opacification (PCO)

Abstract Fibrotic posterior capsular opacification (PCO), one of the major complications of cataract surgery, occurs when lens epithelial cells (LCs) left behind post cataract surgery (PCS) undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition, migrate into the optical axis and produce opaque scar tissue. LCs left behind PCS robustly produce fibronectin, although its roles in fibrotic PCO are not known. In order to determine the function of fibronectin in PCO pathogenesis, we created mice lacking the fibronectin gene (FN conditional knock out -FNcKO) from the lens. While animals from this line have normal lenses, upon lens fiber cell removal which models cataract surgery, FNcKO LCs exhibit a greatly attenuated fibrotic response from 3 days PCS onward as assessed by a reduction in surgery-induced cell proliferation, and fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) production and deposition. This is correlated with less upregulation of Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) and integrin signaling in FNcKO LCs PCS concomitant with sustained Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling and elevation of the epithelial cell marker E cadherin. Although the initial fibrotic response of FNcKO LCs was qualitatively normal at 48 h PCS as measured by the upregulation of fibrotic marker protein αSMA, RNA sequencing revealed that the fibrotic response was already quantitatively attenuated at this time, as measured by the upregulation of mRNAs encoding molecules that control, and are controlled by, TGFβ signaling, including many known markers of fibrosis. Most notably, gremlin-1, a known regulator of TGFβ superfamily signaling, was upregulated sharply in WT LCs PCS, while this response was attenuated in FNcKO LCs. As exogenous administration of either active TGFβ1 or gremlin-1 to FNcKO lens capsular bags rescued the attenuated fibrotic response of fibronectin null LCs PCS including the loss of SMAD2/3 phosphorylation, this suggests that fibronectin plays multifunctional roles in fibrotic PCO development.
Formulation of Three-Phase State Estimation Problem Using a Virtual Reference

State Estimation (SE) is the backbone of modern Energy Management System (EMS) due its capability of processing real time measurements and provide reliable information to system operators. Since its introduction to power systems in the 70's, SE has been widely used in transmission networks. Distribution grids on the other hand lack sufficient number of real time measurements, and for that reason SE has not been widely implemented on these systems. The recent increase in the number of renewable energy sources connected to the grid at lower voltage levels, the advent of Distribution Automation (DA) and Smart Grids necessitate closer monitoring of distribution networks and thus forcing utilities to upgrade their operations and deploy Advanced Distribution Management Sytems (ADMS). Therefore, Distribution System State Estimation (DSE) is paramount to provide real time monitoring of active distribution grids. This papers investigates the formulation of the three-phase distribution state estimation where in the most general case, none of the system buses may have balanced three phase voltages. In such a case, the choice and definition of the slack bus need to be revisited. Most of the existing work arbitrarily assign the root bus of the distribution feeder as the balanced three-phase reference which may not be realistic for today's active distribution systems. This paper addresses this shortcoming of the existing SE formulations by introducing a virtual reference bus. The proposed approach is effectively validated by simulations carried out on distribution test systems.
Understanding Factors Influencing Quality Improvement Capacity Among Ambulatory Care Practices Across the MidSouth Region: An Exploratory Qualitative Study.

Background and objective Success in choosing and implementing quality metrics, necessary in a value-based care model, depends on quality improvement (QI) capacity-the shared knowledge, understanding, and commitment to continuous improvement. We set out to explore factors influencing QI capacity among ambulatory care practices in the MidSouth Practice Transformation Network. Methods As part of network participation, 82 practices submitted a plan for implementing self-selected quality metrics. This plan asked practices to identify factors that would assist or impede successful implementation of interventions to meet metric targets. We used a qualitative thematic analysis approach to explore barriers and facilitators to developing QI capacity among ambulatory care practices. Results Recurrent facilitators included external change agents, protected time for QI, a framework for improvement, and infrastructure including electronic health record (EHR) capabilities. Frequent barriers included lack of QI knowledge, lack of time, frequent staff turnover, inadequate EHR capabilities, lack of an internal change agent, and a belief that performance was outside of the practice's control. Conclusion These findings provide insight into factors influencing the adoption and implementation of QI metrics across a diverse group of ambulatory care practices and suggest that targeting the Inner Setting of practices may be an appropriate approach for developing practice-level QI capacity, which is necessary for success in a value-based care model.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Children-Management and Outcomes: A Meta-analysis.

Objective To identify which patient characteristics and treatments are associated with hearing improvement in patients with pediatric sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were systematically searched for articles published before February 5, 2019, and references of relevant articles were screened. Original English-language case series and cohort studies were included if they addressed SSNHL in patients Results Thirteen studies were included, totaling 605 patients (670 ears). Hearing did not improve in 46.7% of ears (95% confidence interval [CI]: 34.4% to 59.0%). Imaging (computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging) results were described in three studies, and 24.2% of ears (95% CI: 7.7% to 40.6%) had abnormal findings. The most common serological finding was cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin (Ig)G or IgM (34.3% of ears tested, 95% CI: -2.9% to 71.6%). Unilateral hearing loss (odds ratio [OR]:3.85, P 12 years (OR: 2.11, P = .002), and ascending audiogram (OR: 3.66, P = .005), but not systemic or intratympanic steroids, were associated with increased odds of partial or complete improvement. In contrast, profound hearing loss (OR: 0.29, P 6 days (OR: 0.27, P Conclusions Despite treatment, half of patients had no improvement in hearing. Prognostic factors associated with hearing improvement were generally consistent with those established in the adult population. Further research with consistent definitions for hearing improvement is needed to improve the understanding and treatment of pediatric SSNHL. Level of evidence Laryngoscope, 131:425-434, 2021.
Analysis of Systematic Weak Point Structures using Design Based Automatic Defect Classification and Defect Review SEM Platform

As the complexity of both design and processing increase for advanced FinFET technology, defect metrology will continue to provide the best strategies for Defect Review Scanning Electron Microscopy (DR-SEM) and Automatic Defect Classification (ADC). The precise defect location navigation, and the accuracy of random and systematic defect classification can be improved by introducing Computer-Aided Design (CAD) into DR-SEM and ADC processes. The Design Based ADC (DBA) not only differentiates systematic and random defect on CAD for yield control but also determines the precise defect locations for weak point analysis. We will present a method for the implementation of weak point CAD for DR-SEM review and ADC through a case study of a BEOL CMP layer of an advanced FinFET process demonstrating its benefit to defect analysis and control.