cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Protonation Studies of a Tungsten Dinitrogen Complex Supported by a Diphosphine Ligand Containing a Pendant Amine

Treatment of trans-[W(N2)2(dppe)(PEtNMePEt)] (dppe = Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2; PEtNMePEt = Et2PCH2N(Me)CH2PEt2) with 3 equiv of tetrafluoroboric acid (HBF4·Et2O) at −78 °C generated the seven-coordinate tungsten hydride trans-[W(N2)2(H)(dppe)(PEtNMePEt)][BF4]. At higher temperatures, protonation of a pendant amine is also observed, affording trans-[W(N2)2(H)(dppe)(PEtNMe(H)PEt)][BF4]2, with formation of the hydrazido complex [W(NNH2)(dppe)(PEtNMe(H)PEt)][BF4]2 as a minor product. A similar product mixture was obtained using triflic acid (HOTf). The protonated products are thermally sensitive and do not persist at ambient temperature. Upon acid addition to the carbonyl analogue cis-[W(CO)2(dppe)(PEtNMePEt)], the seven-coordinate carbonyl hydride complex trans-[W(CO)2(H)(dppe)(PEtNMe(H)PEt)][OTf]2 was generated. A mixed diphosphine complex without the pendant amine in the ligand backbone, trans-[W(N2)2(dppe)(depp)] (depp = Et2P(CH2)3PEt2), was synthesized and treated with HOTf, selectively generating a hydrazido comp...
Control of H+/lactose coupling by ionic interactions in the lactose permease of escherichia coli

A combinatorial approach was used to study putative interactions among six ionizable residues (Asp-240, Glu-269, Arg-302, Lys-319, His-322, and Glu-325) in the lactose permease. Neutral mutations were made involving five ion pairs that had not been previously studied. Double mutants, R302L/E325Q and D240N/H322Q, had moderate levels of downhill [14C]-lactose transport. Mutants in which only one of these six residues was left unchanged (pentuple mutants) were also made. A Pent269− mutant (in which only Glu-269 remains) catalyzed a moderate level of downhill lactose transport. Pent240− and Pent 322+ also showed low levels of downhill lactose transport. Additionally, a Pent240− mutant exhibited proton transport upon addition of melibiose, but not lactose. This striking result demonstrates that neutralization of up to five residues of the lactose permease does not abolish proton transport. A mutant with neutral replacements at six ionic residues (hextuple mutant) had low levels of downhill lactose transport, but no uphill accumulation or proton transport. Since none of the mutants in this study catalyzes active accumulation of lactose, this is consistent with other reports that have shown that each residue is essential for proper coupling. Nevertheless, none of the six ionizable residues is individually required for substrate-induced proton cotransport. These results suggest that the H+ binding domain may be elsewhere in the permease or that cation binding may involve a flexible network of charged residues.
Electronic Transitions and Vibronic Coupling in Neptunyl Compounds

The low-lying electronic transitions of the neptunyl (NpO22+) ion are characterized as either charge transfer (CT) or intra- 5f. Comparison of these classes of electronic transitions reveals significantly different photophysical properties, especially in vibronic coupling. An empirical model developed for analyses of uranyl CT vibronic transitions is used here to simulate the absorption (excitation) spectra of neptunyl in two compounds of different chemical compositions and structural symmetries. Analyses reveal that CT vibronic coupling in neptunyl has the same characteristics as that in typical uranyl analogues. The primary profile of the CT spectra is similar for neptunyl respectively with respect to chloride- and oxide-neptunium bonding interactions. On the other hand, vibronic coupling to the CT transitions is significantly different from that of f-f transitions, even within a given neptunyl compound. Electronic energy levels, vibronic coupling strength, and frequencies of various vibration modes wer...
CHANGES IN MICROGEOGRAPHIC VARIATION PATTERNS OF PEMPHIGUS POPULITRANSVERSUS OVER A SIX-YEAR SPAN.

Eight characters of the alate fundatrigeniae of the gall producing aphid Pemphigus populitransversus Riley were measured in samples from eight closely situated localities during the years 1961, 1964, and 1966. It was of interest to find whether the pattern of geographic variation described by Rinkel (1965) from samples collected in 1961 is retained or changed in collections from 1964 and 1966. The magnitude of such changes in a microgeographic situation must be known if changes in a wider space or time frame are to be interpreted correctly. The inferences that can be drawn from certain variation patterns about the population biology of P. populitransversus specifically, and other organisms in general, will also be discussed. The present emphasis on population studies in evolutionary research has led to an active interest in population phenetics and the inferences about population structure and evolutionary mechanisms that may be drawn from such investigations (see Sneath and Sokal, 1972, for a general review). In spite of an increasing number of recent studies in this field (Ehrlich, 1965; Soule, 1967; Johnston, 1969; Koehn et al., 1971; Selander, 1970) we still are not in a position to make general statements about classes of phenetic variation patterns to be found in nature nor about the types of population structure such patterns would reflect.
"Not just eliminating the mosquito but draining the swamp": A critical geopolitics of Turkish Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction and Turkey's approach to illicit drugs.

Abstract In the 1970s, Turkey ceased to be a significant producer state of illicit drugs, but it continued to serve as a key route for the trade of drugs between East and West. Over the past decade, however, authorities identified two concerns beyond its continued transit state status. These reported problems entail both new modes of production and a rising incidence of drug abuse within the nation-state — particularly among its youth. Amid these developments, new law enforcement institutions emerged and acquired European sponsorship, leading to the establishment of TUBIM (the Turkish Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction). Coordinating with and reporting to the European Union agency EMCDDA (the European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction), TUBIM's primary assigned duties entail the collection and analysis of data on drug abuse, trafficking, and prevention, the geographic identification of sites of concern (e.g. consumption, drug-related crimes, and peoples undergoing treatment), and the production of annual national reports. In this article, we examine the geopolitical origins of TUBIM as Turkey's central apparatus for confronting drug problems and its role as a vehicle for policy development, interpretation, and enforcement. In doing so, we emphasize the political and spatial dimensions inherent to the country's institutional and policy-driven approaches to contend with drug-related problems, and we assess how this line of attack reveals particular ambiguities in mission when evaluated from scales at world regional, national, and local levels. In sum, we assess how Turkey's new institutional and legislative landscapes condition the state's engagements with drug use, matters of user's health, and policy implementation at local scales and amid ongoing political developments.
Disorders of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary Axis

[More detailed discussion of specific hormones is found in the chapters related to their functions [e.g., growth hormone (GH) is presented in Chap. 5].]
Incorporating Prerecorded Environmental Lifecycle Assessment Modules in a Classroom Setting

AbstractAddition of sustainability-related material is becoming a point of emphasis in engineering education. Freely available modular lessons are one way to quickly effect this incorporation. This research examines the effectiveness of a class format using short prerecorded software modules on lifecycle assessment (LCA) in the classroom setting with associated discussion, primarily drawing from student perspectives in a graduate-level LCA course at Washington State University. Survey results indicated that students generally agreed that the in-class module-discussion format was an effective teaching method. Advantages included that the format was organized and complete, but still concise, allowed for review of material outside of class, and that discussion components furthered understanding and stimulated further thought about the concepts. Key disadvantages included that the modules can get boring, were sometimes too fast-paced, and that questions usually were held until the end of the presentation. Stu...
Guest Editorial…: Increasing Regulation of the Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum and the Future of Microwave Power Applications

(1994). Guest Editorial…: Increasing Regulation of the Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum and the Future of Microwave Power Applications. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy: Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 65-66.
Catalytic conversion of propane to BTX over Ga, Zn, Mo, and Re impregnated ZSM-5 catalysts

Abstract A systematic study of the comparative performances of 1 wt.% and 3 wt.% Ga, 1 wt.% and 3 wt.% Zn, 3 wt.% Mo, and 3 wt.% Re impregnated ZSM-5 catalysts for propane aromatization is presented. It was found that methane, ethene, ethane, benzene, toluene, and xylene are the major products on all of these catalysts at typical propane aromatization temperature (∼550 °C). 3% Zn/ZSM-5 catalyst shows the highest propane conversion among all the tested catalysts with approximately 56% total selectivity toward benzene, toluene, and xylene (i.e., BTX) but lower selectivity to methane, ethene, and ethane (i.e., light hydrocarbons). In sharp contrast, 3% Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst shows the lowest activity with lower BTX selectivity but as high as 52% total selectivity toward methane, ethene, and ethane. Further, calculations indicate that 1% Zn/ZSM-5 catalyst displays the highest H 2 and BTX formation rates (mmol/s/mol–metal), followed by 1% Ga, 3% Re, 3% Zn, and 3% Ga impregnated ZSM-5 catalysts, while 3% Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst shows remarkably lower H 2 and BTX formation rates. This suggests that the addition of 1% Zn into ZSM-5 via impregnation significantly improves the dehydrogenation and subsequent chain growth reaction as well as cyclization, thereby favoring propane aromatization. However, compared to other promoters (i.e., Zn, Ga, and Re), the promotional effect of Mo over ZSM-5 is insignificant for propane aromatization, thus resulting in substantial formation of methane, ethene, and ethane.
Familial Colorectal Cancer: Understanding the Alphabet Soup.

While most colorectal cancers (CRCs) originate from nonhereditary spontaneous mutations, one-third of cases are familial or hereditary. Hereditary CRCs, which account for
The Physical, Mental and Social Dimensions of Documents

In the development of documentation studies at the University of Tromso and the founding of the Document Academy it was asserted that one should view a document as having three complementary and simultaneous aspects: physical, mental, and social. These three document dimensions and relationships between them are discussed. Physicality is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for being a document, there must also be a mental angle, which, in turn, entails a social (cultural) angle. The physical disposition of documents is influenced by social controls. The inability of any one angle to fully characterize a document explains the role of documents in the social construction of reality and why “relevance” in retrieval evaluation can be understood but resists scientific treatment.
Long-term geomorphic response to flow regulation in a 10-km reach downstream of the Mississippi–Atchafalaya River diversion

Abstract A recent study reported considerable sediment trapping by three large channel bars downstream 18–28 km of the Mississippi–Atchafalaya River diversion (commonly known as the Old River Control Structure, ORCS) during the 2011 Mississippi River flood. In this study, we analyzed 3-decadal morphological changes of the 10-km river channel and the three bars to elucidate the long-term effects of river engineering including diversion, revetment and dike constructions. Satellite images captured between 1985 and 2015 in approximate 5-year intervals were selected to estimate the change of channel morphology and bar surface area. The images were chosen based on river stage heights at the time when they were captured to exclude the temporal water height effect on channel and bar morphology. Using a set of the satellite images captured during the period of 1984–1986 and of 2013–2014, we developed rating curves of emerged bar surface area with the corresponding river stage height for determining the change in bar volume from 1985 to 2013. Two of the three bars have grown substantially in the past 30 years, while one bar has become braided and its surface area has shrunken. As a whole, there were a net gain of 4,107,000 m2 in surface area and a net gain of 30,271,000 m3 in volume, an equivalent of approximately 36 million metric tons of sediment assuming a bulk density of 1.2 t/m3. Sediment trapping on the bars was prevalent during the spring floods, especially during the period of 1990–1995 and of 2007–2011 when large floods occurred. The results suggest that although revetments and dikes have largely changed the morphology of the channel and the bars, they seem to have a limited impact on the overwhelming trend of sediment deposition caused by the river diversion.
A Centralized Substation Protection Scheme that detects hidden failures

One of the top reliability concerns in power systems classified by NERC is hidden failures in protection schemes. Such failures are defects that go undetected under normal operating conditions but manifest themselves during faults or transients, which may lead to the false operation of relaying schemes. Specifically, hidden failures typically lead to incorrect input to relays and adversely affect protection logic, often with catastrophic results. This paper introduces a centralized protection scheme that detects hidden failures in real time under normal or abnormal operating conditions and eliminates their consequences. The approach entails acquiring all data collected by the relays, meters, and fault recorders in a substation to a central computing device. The proposed centralized protection scheme uses a dynamic state estimation method to detect hidden failures. The method requires accurate physically-based models of the entire substation. In the case of detection, the proposed scheme identifies the type of hidden failure. The paper describes the system conceptually and sheds light on its infrastructure.
Learn and Live?: Understanding the Cultural Focus on Nonbeneficial Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) as a Response to Existential Distress About Death and Dying.

I am not well; my illness and the aftermath of the treatment are responsible for this condition, but in what proportion I don't know. People are trying to lull me into an atmosphere of optimism by ...
Immunological Defects in Neonatal Sepsis and Potential Therapeutic Approaches.

Despite advances in critical care medicine, neonatal sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with the greatest risk affecting very low birth weight, preterm neonates. The presentation of neonatal sepsis varies markedly from its presentation in adults, and there is no clear consensus definition of neonatal sepsis. Previous work has demonstrated that when neonates become septic, death can occur rapidly over a matter of hours or days, and is generally associated with inflammation, organ injury, and respiratory failure. Studies of the transcriptomic response by neonates to infection and sepsis have led to unique insights into the early proinflammatory and host protective responses to sepsis. Paradoxically, this early inflammatory response in neonates, although lethal, is clearly less robust relative to children and adults. This suggests that the neonate must be exquisitely more sensitive to the inflammatory response than adults. Similarly, the expression of genes involved in host protective immunity, particularly neutrophil function, is also markedly deficient. As a result, neonates have both a diminished inflammatory and protective immune response to infection which may explain their increased risk to infection, and their reduced ability to clear infections. Such studies imply that novel approaches unique to the neonate will be required for the development of both diagnostics and therapeutics in this high at risk population.
Emergent Issues in the Control of Multi-joint Movements

The necessary first step in any planning of an arm trajectory must be for the central nervous system (CNS) to represent the position of the target to be reached. This initial step involves transforming the retinal image of the target into head-centered and, ultimately, body-centered coordinates.
De invloed van het weer op gewrichtspijn bij ouderen met artrose

Over de auteursErik Timmermans is promovendus op de afdeling Epidemiologie en Biostatistiek van het VU medisch centrum (VUmc) in Amsterdam. Hij is betrokken bij onderzoek van de Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA, www.lasa-vu.nl ) en doet in het European Project on OSteoArthritis (EPOSA, www.eposa.org ) onderzoek naar de relatie tussen de fysieke leefomgeving en het functioneren van ouderen met artrose in zes Europese landen. Dorly Deeg is hoogleraar Epidemiologie van de veroudering aan het VUmc.
Case formulation in emotion-focused therapy

Case formulation in EFT is a relatively new concept and useful tool that helps therapists to both conceptualize cases as well as follow markers across therapy in order to initiate tasks that promot...
Immiscible impact dynamics of droplets onto millimetric films

The impact of liquid droplets onto a film of an immiscible liquid is studied experimentally across a broad range of parameters [ $$Re = O(10^{1}-10^{3})$$ , $$We = O(10^{2}-10^{3})$$ ] with the aid of high-speed photography and image analysis. Above a critical impact parameter, $$Re^{1/2}We^{1/4} \approx 100$$ , the droplet fragments into multiple satellite droplets, which typically occurs as the result of a fingering instability. Statistical analysis indicates that the satellite droplets are approximately log-normally distributed, in agreement with some previous studies and the theoretical predictions of Wu (Prob Eng Mech 18:241–249, 2003). However, in contrast to a recent study by Lhuissier et al. (Phys Rev Lett 110:264503, 2013), we find that it is the modal satellite diameter, not the mean diameter, that scales inversely with the impact speed (or Weber number) and that the dependence is $$d_\mathrm{{mod}} \sim We^{-1/4}$$ .
Potential for health care cost savings with preoperative gastrostomy tube placement in the head and neck cancer population.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to examine the cost differences between preoperative and postoperative placement of gastrostomy tubes (G-tubes) in patients with head and neck cancer. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with aerodigestive tract cancers from 2010 to 2015. Data included inpatient and postdischarge costs, demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical treatment, length of stay (LOS), time spent in the intensive care unit (ICU), and readmissions. RESULTS Five hundred ninety patients were included in this study. There was a $7624 inpatient cost savings (P = .002) for those G-tubes placed preoperatively ($26 060) versus postoperatively ($33 754). Postdischarge costs did not differ significantly between groups (P = .60). There was a $9248 total costs savings (P = .009) for those patients with G-tubes placed preoperatively ($39 751) versus postoperatively ($48 999), despite patients with preoperative G-tubes having lower body mass index (BMI; P = .009), higher Association of Anesthesiologist (ASA) class (P = .02), more preoperative radiation (P < .001), and more free tissue transfer reconstruction (P = .007). CONCLUSION There is potential for savings by placing G-tubes preoperatively, possibly driven by decreased LOS, despite data suggesting that patients with G-tubes placed preoperatively are higher risk.
Neuroprognostication postcardiac arrest: translating probabilities to individuals.

Purpose of review Predicting neurological recovery in patients who are comatose after cardiac arrest is an important activity during postarrest care, and this prediction can affect survival. As no early test or clinical finding perfectly predicts potential for recovery, guidelines recommend using data from multiple examinations or tests to estimate patient prognosis. Recent findings Studies reported accuracy of initial clinical examination, progression of clinical examination, early ( 24 h) brain imaging, blood markers of brain injury, and cerebral oximetry for predicting good or poor outcome. In multiple cohorts, patients with status myoclonus with particular clinical or EEG features have potential for good outcome. When multiple tests were compared, each test provided independent information. Summary Absence of cortical functional recovery over time is detected using multiple testing modalities and remains strongly associated with poor outcome. Early recovery of cortical function increases the probability of good outcome. Concordant assessments from multiple tests increase confidence in prognostication.
Real Time Network Load Estimation in Packet Switched Networks

ABSTRACT In this paper we consider the problem of real-time traffic load estimation in a packet-switched network environment. In emerging highspeed packet-switched networks, many control functions such as bandwidth management, dynamic route selection and rate-based traffic control depend on real-time characterization of traffic load in the network. In order to perform these functions properly, the traffic parameters have to be continuously monitored and an accurate estimate of traffic parameters must be obtained. Since the traffic parameters are generally time varying, the filtering mechanism must distinguish between a real change in traffic level and a temporary fluctuation of the measured data. Also, the estimator must have the capability to react quickly and trace fast changes in traffic level. To achieve this objective, we propose a time-varying adaptive bi-modal filtering technique which on one hand is very responsive to fast variations of traffic level, and on the other hand, less sensitive to measurement fluctuations. This objective is also desirable in order to limit the number of unnecessary updates and reports for various network control functions.
Materials-by-Design: Prospects and Promise

The following is a somewhat different perspective from that of the other papers presented in this symposium on materials design. This is the view of a theoretician with an acute appreciation of experimental data and the new instrumental techniques of materials science.
Effect of lattice disorder and strain on TC in sputtered “Nb3Ge” thin films

Abstract Disorder and strain introduced into sputtered “Nb 3 Ge” films by mechanical polishing slightly lowers the onset temperature and/or very markedly broadens the width of the superconducting transition. The structural damage is reversible and annealing restores the superconducting behavior of the film very nearly to its initial state.
Adaptive Optimal Output Regulation of Time-Delay Systems via Measurement Feedback

This brief proposes a novel solution to problems related to the measurement feedback adaptive optimal output regulation of discrete-time linear systems with input time-delay. Based on reinforcement learning and adaptive dynamic programming, an approximate optimal control policy is obtained via recursive numerical algorithms using online information. Convergence proofs for the proposed algorithms are given. Notably, the exact knowledge of the plant and the exosystem is not needed. The learned control policy is only a function of retrospective input and measurement output data. Theoretical analysis and an application to a grid-connected inverter show that the proposed methodologies serve as effective tools for solving adaptive and optimal output regulation problems.
Regulated necrosis and failed repair in cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease

Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic agent, but significant nephrotoxicity limits its clinical use. Despite extensive investigation of the acute cellular and molecular responses to cisplatin, the mechanisms of progression from acute to chronic kidney injury have not been explored. We used functional and morphological metrics to establish a time-point when the transition from acute and reversible kidney injury to chronic and irreparable kidney disease is clearly established. In mice administered 1 or 2 doses of intraperitoneal cisplatin separated by 2 weeks, kidney function returned toward baseline two weeks after the first dose, but failed to return to normal two weeks following a second dose. Multiphoton microscopy revealed increased glomerular epithelial and proximal tubular damage in kidneys exposed to two doses of cisplatin compared with those exposed to a single dose. In contrast, there was no evidence of fibrosis, macrophage invasion, or decrease in endothelial cell mass in chronically diseased kidneys. Pathway analysis of microarray data revealed regulated necrosis as a key determinant in the development of chronic kidney disease after cisplatin administration. Western blot analysis demonstrated activation of proteins involved in necroptosis and increased expression of kidney injury markers, cellular stress response regulators, and upstream activators of regulated necrosis, including Toll-like receptors 2 and 4. These data suggest that unresolved injury and sustained activation of regulated necrosis pathways, rather than fibrosis, promote the progression of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease.
Comprehensive elemental analysis of consumer electronic devices: Rare earth, precious, and critical elements

Over the past few decades, electronic devices of all kinds, and especially consumer electronics, have evolved in function and composition, in parallel to increasing manufacture and use. There is great potential for recovering economic value and reducing environmental impact by recycling devices and extracting various elements. However, there are few studies that comprehensively identify the elemental content of electronic devices or electronic waste. In the present study, consumer electronics and components (hard drives, ethernet hubs, portable media players, printers, answering machines, mobile phones, Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) players, computer wiring, and printed circuit boards) and electronic waste (low-grade scrap from one commercial recycling facility) were analyzed for rare earth, precious and critical metals. The overall procedure included size reduction, microwave assisted digestion, and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. Fifty-six elements were quantified or detected in these devices: 14 rare earth elements, six platinum group metals, 20 critical metals, and 16 other elements, including some precious metals. A single device could include a wide range of elements: 48 metals were quantified in the computer hard drives. The estimated economic value of the metals in each device ranged from $12.94 USD (computer wiring) to $454 USD (hard drives). The variety of metals in electronic devices suggests that end-of-life management strategies should focus on recycling and recovery, which also decreases the overall environmental impacts of the devices, especially associated with mining and refining metals.
Higher dose of resveratrol elevated cardiovascular disease risk biomarker levels in overweight older adults - A pilot study.

Abstract Older adults are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pre-clinical studies indicate that resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenol commonly found in grapes and red wine, may help prevent development of CVD. Based on our previous reports where the 300 mg and 1000 mg doses appeared safe and improved psychomotor function in a dose-dependent manner, our hypothesis was that RSV would reduce biomarkers of CVD risk in overweight, but otherwise healthy older adults and that 1000 mg would lower CVD biomarkers >300 mg. This analysis was performed on samples from older participants (65 years and older) who were randomized to a 90 day RSV treatment with 300 mg (n = 10), 1000 mg (n = 9) or placebo (n = 10). We measured levels of CVD risk biomarkers i.e. oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), soluble E-selectin-1 (sE-selectin), soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (sICAM-1), Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), total plasminogen activator inhibitor (tPAI-1). Statistical significance was set at p Both sVCAM-1 and tPAI increased significantly more in the 1000 mg vs. 300 mg and placebo groups. Other biomarkers (300 mg vs. 1000 mg vs. placebo: oxLDL, sEselectin-1 and sICAM-1) followed the same trend toward higher levels in the 1000 mg group compared to the 300 mg and placebo groups, without reaching statistical significance. This pilot project suggests that a higher dose of RSV may increase the levels of CVD risk biomarkers in overweight older adults. Given no change in the CVD risk biomarkers in response to a lower dose, future studies should test the effects of different doses of RSV to evaluate potential detrimental effects of higher doses on CVD biomarkers and measures of cardiovascular function in older adults at risk for CVD.
Dependency Treebanks of Ancient Greek Prose

This dataset is a collection of dependency syntax trees of representative texts from ancient Greek prose authors (Aeschines, Antiphon, Appian, Athenaeus, Demosthenes, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Herodotus, Josephus, Lysias, Plutarch, Polybius, Thucydides, and Xenophon), totaling to date 550,000+ tokens. It is hand-annotated by one person, using the Arethusa program on the Perseids website. Original texts were obtained from the Perseus Digital Library, and some (as indicated) were computer pre-parsed at the Pedalion Project. The database is stored in a stable form (2019-12-31) on Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3596076 ) and in a continuously updated form on GitHub in .xml format ( https://vgorman1.github.io/ ). The repository can be used for pedagogical purposes and for research in linguistics analysis and corpus linguistics, stylistics, natural language processing, classification, and literary and historical analysis.
Concluding Remarks and Future Directions

This dissertation aimed to develop a graph-centric framework for the analysis and synthesis of networked dynamic systems (NDS) consisting of multiple dynamic units that interact via an interconnection topology.
Mars Ascent Vehicle Hybrid Propulsion Configuration

As part of a Mars Sample Return (MSR) campaign, two Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV) configurations have been designed in parallel. Each ascent vehicle configuration has a different propulsion system which ultimately leads to two unique vehicle designs. As part of a Preliminary Architecture Assessment (PAA), these vehicle designs were developed to the same level of maturity in order to inform the selection of one of the vehicles as the point of departure design for the campaign. The selection will be made in November 2019. The initial MSR architecture called for a hybrid-based propulsion MAV. This type of propulsion system calls for a solid wax motor that would utilize liquid MON-25 as an oxidizer. Hybrid rocket propulsion allows for more flexibility than traditional solid or liquid propulsion options, and typically benefits from the advantages of both. A hybrid motor can be throttled and shut down easily, and avoids significant risk in manufacturing and handling. On a theoretical level, hybrid motors perform at a higher specific impulse (Isp) than solid motors. The primary disadvantage of hybrid motors comes from additional complexity and significantly less flight heritage and low Technology Readiness Level (TRL). This paper describes the design of the hybrid propulsion configuration. An additional paper will be published describing the design of the solid propulsion configuration1. The hybrid propulsion configuration MAV was developed in 2019 by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) in association with NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). It features a Single Stage to Orbit (SSTO) design with an SP7A solid wax fuel and MON-25 liquid oxidizer. The liquid portion of the vehicle allows for a Liquid Injection Thrust Vector Controller (LITVC) as well as hypergolic propellant additives for ignition. The vehicle was designed to deliver approximately 0.31kg of Martian geological samples to a circular orbit at Mars of 343km at a 25° inclination. Although hybrid propulsion in general has been used on launch vehicles in the past, the integrated vehicle subsystems that operate in conjunction with these propulsion elements do not typically operate in a Martian environment, which in this application can get as cold as −40°C. The PAA advanced the maturity of these subsystems by performing detailed design and analysis on the vehicle with respect to structures and mechanisms, Guidance/Navigation/Control (GNC) systems, avionics, Reaction Control System (RCS), LITVC, thermal environments, and advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). This paper will summarize the results of these studies.
Change in Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Over 60 Days Among Health Care Personnel in Nashville, Tennessee.

This study examines the duration of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in health care personnel over a 60-day period in Nashville, Tennessee.
A latent profile analysis of college students' financial knowledge: The role of financial education, financial well-being, and financial risk tolerance

This research aims to classify college students into meaningful groups based on their subjective financial knowledge (SFK), objective financial knowledge (OFK), and comparative financial knowledge ...
Zinc catalysis in metalloproteases

Analyses of zinc protease sites using X-ray diffraction, NMR and X-ray absorption fine structure in combination with functional studies of these enzymes are beginning to reveal the manner in which the protein modulates the properties of the zinc to achieve specificity and catalytic efficiency. The chemistry of zinc: 1) permits a variety of types and numbers of ligands and coordination geometries, 2) promotes ionization of water at neutral pH values and 3) is inert to oxido-reductants present in the medium. The type of ligands and the protein scaffolding of the zinc binding site determine the binding strength of zinc and its catalytic properties. These properties in turn are critical to the role of zinc in a wide variety of metalloexo- and endo-protease-catalyzed processes.
Pulmonary embolus diagnosed by endobronchial ultrasound

Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) imaging is commonly used to evaluate and aid in biopsy of mediastinal lymph nodes. Pulmonary arteries are readily viewable with this type of imaging modality. We present a case report of a pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosed by EBUS. Our patient had no smoking history and presented with respiratory and constitutional symptoms, urinary retention, and leg weakness suspicious for malignancy with metastasis to spine. Chest computed tomography (CT) was suggestive of lung carcinoma and specifically showed no PE. EBUS with TBNA was requested for tissue diagnosis. A mobile filling defect consistent with a PE was observed and reported to primary team. Follow-up chest CT showed an acute PE which confirmed the diagnosis originally made by EBUS. Bronchoscopists should be aware of potential to diagnose a PE while performing EBUS. Additionally, there may be a role in using EBUS specifically to diagnose a PE in the right patient population.
Collision cross sections and deposition efficiencies for argon ion excitation by relativistic electrons

Unusual light emission has been observed in relativistic-electron-beam (REB)-produced plasmas in rare gases. In order to understand these studies of argon ion emission produced by a relativistic electron beam, the authors have generated a complete set of cross sections and deposition efficiencies for singly ionized argon experiencing collisions with relativistic electrons. Calculations of the electron impact excitation cross sections considering electrons with energies up to and including relativistic values have been made using the first Born approximation modified by Fano and the generalized oscillator formalism. Deposition efficiencies for fast electrons were generated from an integral equation based on the continuously slowing down approximation calculations of the energy apportionment for electron energies from 1 keV to 10 MeV. For most transitions the values of the efficiencies are roughly constant above a beam energy of about 1 keV, although in a few cases the efficiency continues to increase up to beam electron energies of 10 keV. Electrons ejected from inner shells contribute up to 12% of the efficiency of the transition for electrons above 10 keV. >
On the properties of the realization matrix

The realization matrix R=(A b; c d) defined by a discrete-time, scalar state variable model of a linear system is examined. Several properties concerning the eigenvalues and singular values of R are derived and used to obtain new tests for the minimality of the state variable model and to derive an inequality between the spectral norm of R and the L/sub infinity / norm of the transfer function frequency response. The singular values and bounds for the norms and condition numbers of principal axis realization matrices are also derived. >
Foreclosure Delay and U.S. Unemployment

Through a purely positive lens, we study and document the growing trend of mortgagors who skip mortgage payments as an extra source of "informal" unemployment insurance during the 2007 recession and the subsequent recovery. In a dynamic model, we capture this behavior by treating both delinquency and foreclosure not as one period events, but rather as protracted and potentially reversible episodes that influence job search behavior and wage acceptance decisions. With a relatively conservative parameterization, we find that the observed foreclosure delays increase the unemployment rate by an additional 1/3%-1/2% and increase the stock of delinquent loans by 8%-12%. When interpreted as an implicit line of credit, those that use their mortgage as “informal" unemployment insurance borrow at a real rate of at least 18%.
Management of an institutional outbreak of infectious diarrhea of the newborn infant

Abstract An outbreak of infectious diarrhea of undiscovered etiology, affecting 14 of 28 infants in a hospital nursery for the newborn, is reported. No deaths occurred. A method of management is described, by which the addition of new susceptibles to the infected group is avoided, without interruption of the maternity service.
RF-sputtered ferroelectric barium titanate films on silicon

Abstract Polycrystalline films of BaTi03 with ferroelectric properties are regularly observed for films thicker than 1000 A which have been rf-sputtered deposited at 5 A/min onto silicon substrates at temperatures above 500°C. A 2000 A thick film deposited under these conditions typically exhibits a counter-clockwise hysteresis curve, a leakage current below 10−5 C/cm2, a remanent polarization persisting for two days, and a dielectric constant vs. temperature relationship which peaks at 135°C. The nature of the BaTi03 - silicon system has been extensively characterized by supporting studies.
Mark's Use of the Messianic Secret

VER since it was first recognized as such, the problem of the messianic secret in Mark has continually engaged the attention of New Testament scholars. The controversy on the issue has waned from time to time only to be raised again by some new insight into its importance for a general understanding of the Gospel. Recently the significance of the issue has been recognized anew because of the bearing it has on the problem of the "Jesus of history and the Christ of faith" and because it touches the question of the very nature of "Gospel" literature.
Embolization of the ophthalmic artery for control of epistaxis: report of two cases.

Embolization of the internal maxillary artery, an accepted method for control of severe or recurrent posterior epistaxis, usually involves the ipsilateral artery, but occasionally the contralateral vessel and the facial arteries as well. Such endovascular treatment may fail if the vascular supply to the bleeding vessels originates in derivative branches of the ophthalmic artery. We report two unusual cases in which embolization of the ophthalmic artery was performed to control epistaxis. The first patient had a prosthetic eye. In the second, sight in one eye was sacrificed after careful consideration in order to prolong life. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Optimization of Resilient Biofuel Infrastructure Systems under Natural Hazards

AbstractThe writers aim to develop a new optimization framework that integrates resilience in biofuel infrastructure systems planning, which provides a proactive solution in mitigating the impacts of natural hazards on infrastructure systems. A novel, multiobjective stochastic mixed-integer programming model is developed to establish a biofuel infrastructure system that is effective and resilient in hedging against potential hazards through integrating four dimensions of resilience, as follows: (1) robustness, (2) rapidity, (3) redundancy, and (4) resourcefulness. As a case study, the model is used to evaluate the infrastructure requirements for cellulosic ethanol production from biomass wastes in California, which is prone to seismic hazards. An average of 19% overall system cost reduction can be achieved under seismic hazards by using the developed model over common engineering methods without resilience consideration.
Echocardiographic and angiographic comparison of ductal dimensions in dogs with patent ductus arteriosus.

Background: Transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a minimally invasive treatment option in dogs. Device selection based on appropriately acquired PDA dimensions and morphology can minimize procedural complications, including minimizing residual ductal flow and inappropriate embolization. Hypothesis: Transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) derived minimum ductal diameter measurements would most accurately reflect angiographic measurements. Color Doppler (CD) TEE and transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) ductal measurements would overestimate two-dimensional (2D) measurements. Animals: Fifteen client-owned dogs with PDA. Methods: PDA dimensions obtained with angiography, 2D and CD TTE, 2D and CD TEE from the right and left views were prospectively evaluated. Results: PDA dimensions were measured by using TEE most closely approximated angiographic measures. CD TTE and TEE frequently overestimated angiographic measures of minimum ductal diameter. TEE accurately identified a type III (tubular) PDA morphology in 1 dog. Fourteen of 15 dogs were determined to have hemodynamically significant reductions in left to right shunting documented by a first-pass nuclear angiocardiographic ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow ±1.2 and trivial (n = 3) to no (n = 11) CD TTE flow at approximately 1 month after PDA occlusion. Conclusions: TEE provided accurate anatomic information regarding PDA morphology and closely approximated angiographic ductal dimensions while aiding in both coil deployment and confirmation of intra-operative ductal closure.
Near-Infrared Magnetic Circular Dichroism Of Heme Proteins

The application of near-infrared magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy to the study of heme proteins is discussed. Recent studies of yeast cytochromes c, c1 and b and of spinach cytochrome f leading to assignments of the axial ligation in these important electron transport proteins are summarised.
NANOTOPOGRAPHICAL MODULATION OF CELL PHENOTYPE AND FUNCTION

Understanding cell–extracellular matrix interactions is crucial to the repair or replacement of cells, tissues and organs. The fate of cells can be dictated by the in vivo cellular microenvironment, which provides biophysical (topography), biomechanical (substrate elasticity and flow-induced forces) and biochemical (cytokines and growth factors) cues to regulate the phenotype and function of cells. For example, basement membranes manifest a complex three-dimensional (3D) texture with sizes in the nanometer range. In addition to inducing pronounced changes to cell morphology and, consequently, gene and protein expression, nanotopographical cues could potentially help induce the differentiation of stem cells into certain lineages. This review covers the commonly used techniques of engineering nanotopography, surveys cellular responses to nanotopography with the focus on the effects of dimensions, shape and order of nanotopographical cues relative to cell dimensions, and discusses possible mechanism by which cells sense nanotopography and the challenges in translating the mechanistic understanding of nanoscale modulation of cell behavior to regenerative medicine. Delineation of cell–matrix interactions in the physiological, 3D environment will help advance the field of regenerative medicine.
Structural and Thermodynamic Studies of d(C3T4C3) in Acid Solution: Evidence for Formation of the Hemiprotonated CH+·C Base Pair

In an effort to probe the structure and stability of the CH + -C base pair in DNA, we have studied the conformation of the deoxydecanucleotide d(C 3 T 4 C 3 ) at pH 5.5, using 1 H-NMR and UV absorption spectroscopy. Lowering the pH of a solution containing d(C 3 T 4 C 3 ) is accompanied by the induction of six new imino proton NMR resonances in a region (15.415.8 ppm) downfield from where either T-H 3 or G-H1 Watson-Crick (W-C)-paired imino protons normally resonate
The effects of contamination on the electrical properties of edge dislocations in silicon

Abstract Dislocations introduced by plastic deformation in silicon do not produce the effects on the electrical properties which might be expected from their acceptor-like (in n-type material) or donor-like (in p-type material) behaviour, unless the deformation is performed at relatively low temperatures. When the plastic deformation, in this paper introduced by bending, is performed at high temperatures, the dislocations generated are easily contaminated and their corresponding electrical effects tend to disappear due to the compensation resulting from the contamination. It is suggested that oxygen is the contaminating impurity.
Fracture sampling on a cylinder: From scanlines to boreholes and tunnels

In this paper we develop correction factors for orientation bias when sampling rock fractures with a borehole. For a borehole with zero radius we obtain Terzaghi's result for scanline sampling: otherwise the appropriate correction factor may differ significantly from that obtained for the scanline model, depending on the relative size of the borehole and the rock fracture. Two separate cases are discussed: the sampling of fractures with a borehole and sampling with the surface of a borehole. Analytical expressions for the correction factors are graphed and tabulated.