cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Low-Dose Angiotensin II Increases Free Isoprostane Levels in Plasma

Chronic intravenous infusion of subpressor doses of angiotensin II causes blood pressure to increase progressively over the course of several days. The mechanisms underlying this response, however, are poorly understood. Because high-dose angiotensin II increases oxidative stress, and some compounds that result from the increased oxidative stress (eg, isoprostanes) produce vasoconstriction and antinatriuresis, we tested the hypothesis that a subpressor dose of angiotensin II also increases oxidative stress, as measured by 8-epi-prostaglandin F(2alpha) (isoprostanes), which may contribute to the slow pressor response to angiotensin II. To test this hypothesis, we infused angiotensin II (10 ng/kg per minute for 28 days via an osmotic pump) into 6 conscious normotensive female pigs (30 to 35 kg). We recorded mean arterial pressure continuously with a telemetry system and measured plasma isoprostanes before starting the angiotensin II infusion (baseline) and again after 28 days with an enzyme immunoassay. Angiotensin II infusion significantly increased mean arterial pressure from 121+/-4 to 153+/-7 mm Hg (P<0. 05) without altering total plasma isoprostane levels (180.0+/-24.3 versus 147.0+/-29.2 pg/mL; P=NS). However, the plasma concentrations of free isoprostanes increased significantly, from 38.3+/-5.8 to 54.7+/-10.4 pg/mL (P<0.05). These results suggest that subpressor doses of angiotensin II increase oxidative stress, as implied by the increased concentration of free isoprostanes, which accompany the elevation in mean arterial pressure elevation. Thus, isoprostane-induced vasoconstriction and antinatriuresis may contribute to the hypertension induced by the slow pressor responses of angiotensin II.
The nature of Nature: conflict and consensus in fisheries management

Using the example of the New England Regional Fishenes Managcmcnt Council and its attempts tu manage the fisheries in its area, this paper argues that disferences in the way Nature "operates" constitutes a major source of divisivcncss between, on the one hand, those members (and other managers in, say, government) who use linear modeling systems and, on the other hand, the majority of those in the commercial fishing sector who, intuitively, havc cast nature in those non-linear tcrms currently being explored in the Chaos paradigm. Since thesc two different models have not bcen explicitly addressed, there is a history of members on each side accusing those on the othcr of bargaining in poor faith and lacking an adequate understanding of the resource. The thesis of the paper is that making explicit these underlying cognitive modes would provide more "common ground" for addressing management problems in such co-management arenas as the fishery management councils and elsewhere.
Temperature-aware resource allocation and binding in high-level synthesis

Physical phenomena such as temperature have an increasingly important role in performance and reliability of modern process technologies. This trend will only strengthen with future generations. Attempts to minimize the design effort required for reaching closure in reliability and performance constraints are agreeing on the fact that higher levels of design abstractions need to be made aware of lower level physical phenomena. In this paper, we investigated techniques to incorporate temperature-awareness into high-level synthesis. Specifically, we developed two temperature-aware resource allocation and binding algorithms that aim to minimize the maximum temperature that can be reached by a resource in a design. Such a control scheme will have an impact on the prevention of hot spots, which in turn is one of the major hurdles in front of reliability for future integrated circuits. Our algorithms are able to reduce the maximum attained temperature by any module in a design by up to 19.6/spl deg/C compared to a binding that optimizes switching power.
Evaluation of the Computerized Assessment System for Psychotherapy Evaluation and Research (CASPER) interview with a psychiatric inpatient population.

The Computerized Assessment System for Psychotherapy Evaluation and Research (CASPER; Farrell & McCullough-Vaillant, 1996) includes a computer-based interview designed to assess functioning across a broad range of areas. The psychometric properties of scales derived from this interview were examined in a sample of 191 patients from the admissions wards of a state psychiatric hospital. Few participants had difficulty completing the computerized interview, and most rated their reactions to it positively. Item analyses and confirmatory factor analysis largely replicated the structure reported in a previous study of outpatients. Support was found for scales representing Physical Complaints, Worry, Hopelessness, Assertiveness, Hostility/Anger, Thought Problems, Psychotic Symptoms, Substance Use, and Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior. Comparison of scales from the CASPER and the Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale-32 (BASIS-32; Eisen & Culhane, 1999) supported the convergent and discriminant validity of several scales. Support also was found for the CASPER Global Functioning scale. Overall, results supported the use of the CASPER as a valuable tool for assessing inpatient functioning.
Temperature effects on the vertical distribution of lobster postlarvae (Homarus americanus)

In situ observations of postlarvae of the American lobster (Homarus americanus ) were used to quantify behavioral depth regulation with respect to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Postlarvae spent 65% of the time near the surface (0‐0.5-m depth), which is less than expected based on previous plankton net surveys. The proportion of time spent at the surface decreased over the season (;0.80 to ;0.57) and was correlated with increasing depth of the 128C isotherm. Postlarvae remained in waters above 128C, suggesting that it may serve as a minimum temperature threshold. The seasonal trend was removed, and the residuals were used to examine the daily variation about the seasonal trend. These daily variations in the residuals were correlated with the depth of the thermocline. Residual data were also used to examine vertical distribution as a function of time of day. The proportion of time spent near the surface was lowest at midday and greatest in the morning and late afternoon. This shift in vertical distribution was not correlated with light intensity, indicating that it may be part of an endogenous rhythm. When the data were parsed with respect to light intensity, and developmental stage, an ontogenetic shift was observed from positive to negative phototaxis.
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3--a hormone with immunomodulatory properties.

The active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3], exerts immunosuppressive activity. At a cellular and molecular level, the hormone preferentially targets helper T cell activity (Th1) by inhibiting the secretion of both IL-2 and IFN-γ by Th1 and by suppressing the secretion pro-Th1 cytokine IL-12 by antigen-presenting cells. The active metabolite further inhibits class II antigen expression and enhances suppressor cell activity. In animal models of autoimmunity, 1,25-(OH)2D3 prevents the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, reduces the incidence of diabetes, and attenuates murine lupus. The hormone also prolongs graft survival in animal models of transplantation. In humans, non-classical use of 1,25-(OH)2D3 has led to an anti-proliferative effect in psoriasis, anti-neoplastic effect in prostate cancer, and immunomodulatory effect in scleroderma. The development of less hypercalcemic analogs might open a new therapeutic area for vitamin D3.
In vitro integration of ribosomal RNA synthesis, ribosome assembly, and translation

Purely in vitro ribosome synthesis could provide a critical step towards unraveling the systems biology of ribosome biogenesis, constructing minimal cells from defined components, and engineering ribosomes with new functions. Here, as an initial step towards this goal, we report a method for constructing Escherichia coli ribosomes in crude S150 E. coli extracts. While conventional methods for E. coli ribosome reconstitution are non-physiological, our approach attempts to mimic chemical conditions in the cytoplasm, thus permitting several biological processes to occur simultaneously. Specifically, our integrated synthesis, assembly, and translation (iSAT) technology enables one-step co-activation of rRNA transcription, assembly of transcribed rRNA with native ribosomal proteins into functional ribosomes, and synthesis of active protein by these ribosomes in the same compartment. We show that iSAT makes possible the in vitro construction of modified ribosomes by introducing a 23S rRNA mutation that mediates resistance against clindamycin. We anticipate that iSAT will aid studies of ribosome assembly and open new avenues for making ribosomes with altered properties.
The Syllabus: A Place to Engage Students' Egos

A syllabus that is well crafted and meaningfully presented can shift the Millennial students’ question from “What’s in it for me?” to “What role should I play in discovering what’s in it for me?”
End effector actuation with a solid state motor

An actuator technology program is in progress to develop miniature motors, joints, and links suitable for modular placement in structures approaching the human hand in size, dexterity and weight. The end-effector device described is a small gripper with tweezer action. This is a first step in a program which will evolve from basic precision miniature grippers to more sophisticated and dextrous multi-jointed end effectors. The gripper can hold objects up to 0.5 in. wide, and it is intended for a circuit-board-level scale of operation. The jaw motor is piezoelectric and works by resonance operation in the longitudinal vibration mode to move a slide plate in a linear fashion. The slide plate is coupled to a mechanism in a 0.5 in./sup 3/-volume housing which converts the linear slide motion to lateral jaw action. The motion will eventually be controlled by linear encoders for position control and one or more strain gages to develop a force servo controller. Motor performance, modeling, and the smaller gripper are described. >
Cooperative and Reliable ARQ Protocols for Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Nodes

One class of wireless sensor networks makes use of sensor nodes that recharge their batteries by harvesting energy from the surrounding environment. Being continuously recharged, the battery does not need to be replaced regularly and the sensor node is maintenance-free. A key module in such sensor network solutions is the data link automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol, which must be designed to reliably deliver sensor nodes data at the minimum energy cost. With this objective in mind, two ARQ protocol classes are compared. In one class, each sensor node operates individually. In the other, the concept of cooperative communications is adopted, whereby neighboring sensor nodes help each other during the retransmission process. It is shown that the use of cooperative ARQ protocols in energy harvesting sensor networks enables sensor nodes to balance their energy consumption to match their own battery recharge rate. In turn, a balanced energy consumption-to-recharge rate ratio has the potential to improve the network throughput. Both classes of ARQ protocols are analyzed and compared. Estimated throughput gains are discussed under various network scenarios.
Strict glycemic control and mortality risk among US adults with type 2 diabetes.

Abstract Objective To assess the relationships between strict HbA1c levels and mortality risk among adults with type 2 diabetes by age, insulin therapy, and hypertension comorbidity. Methods Data of adult participants with type 2 diabetes from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988–1994) and its linked mortality file (with follow-up death up to 2000) were used. Results Having strict glycemic control (i.e., HbA1c ≤6.5%) was associated with a lower risk of mortality (hazards ratio=0.69; 95% confidence interval=0.48–0.98). However, among those with strict glycemic control levels, statistically significant results were not found. Conclusion Reaching strict glycemic control levels in the general US population with type 2 diabetes appears to be associated with lower mortality. Further research is needed as to how strict glycemic control affects certain diabetic groups.
The 39th David A. Karnofsky Lecture: Bench-to-Bedside Translation of Targeted Therapies in Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a remarkable example of rapid bench-to-bedside translation in new drug development. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and immunomodulatory drug lenalidomide targeted MM cells in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment to overcome conventional drug resistance in laboratory and animal models and were rapidly translated into clinical trials demonstrating their efficacy in patients with relapsed and then newly diagnosed MM, with a doubling of the median survival as a direct result. The future is even brighter. First, immune-based therapies are being developed (eg, elotuzumab monoclonal antibody [MoAb]; CD138DM immunotoxin; MM cell-dendritic cell vaccines; CD138, CS-1, and XBP-1 peptide vaccines; anti-17 MoAb; and other treatments to overcome causes of immune dysfunction). Second, promising next-generation agents target the MM cell in its microenvironment (eg, deubiquitinating enzyme inhibitors; chymotryptic [carfilzomib, Onyx 0912, MLN 9708] and broader [NPI-0052] proteasome inhibitors; immunoproteasome inhibitors; and pomalidamide). Moreover, agents targeting bone biology (eg, zoledronic acid, anti-DKK-1 MoAb, anti-B-cell activating factor MoAb and bortezomib, Btk inhibitor) show promise not only in preserving bone integrity but also against MM. Third, rationally based combination therapies, including bortezomib with Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin, or histone deacetylase inhibitors, are active even in bortezomib-refractory MM. Finally, genomics is currently being used in the definition of MM heterogeneity, new target discovery, and development of personalized therapy. Myeloma therefore represents a paradigm for targeting the tumor in its microenvironment, which has already markedly improved patient outcome in MM and has great potential in other hematologic malignancies and solid tumors as well.
Lie Group Actions

The most important applications of Lie groups involve actions by Lie groups on other manifolds. These typically arise in situations involving some kind of symmetry. For example, if M is a vector space or smooth manifold endowed with a certain geometric structure (such as an inner product, a norm, a metric, or a distinguished vector or covector field), the set of diffeomorphisms of M that preserve the structure (called the symmetry group of the structure) frequently turns out to be a Lie group acting smoothly on M. The properties of the group action can shed considerable light on the properties of the structure. This chapter is devoted to studying Lie group actions on manifolds.
Never Quit: The Complexities of Promoting Social and Academic Excellence at a Single- Gender School for Urban American American Males

This study explores the experiences of urban African American males at a first year singlegender charter school in the Southern region of the United States. The present case study was based on interviews and focus groups with parents, teachers, students, and the school administrator, and a participant observation of Excel Academy [pseudonym]. The findings of this study suggest that there were four critical instructional complexities that emerged: expectations dissonance, disguised engagement, differential engagement, and expectations overload. Remarkably, these issues were being addressed by a school value created by students and institutionalized by teachers--To Never Quit. Recommendations to address each instructional complexity are explored.
Biological Monitoring of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation in a Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) lamps are used in biological safety cabinets and laboratory containment rooms as methods of surface decontamination. Although some organizations have discouraged the use of UVGI for disinfection, many scientists continue to request this method. The objective of this study was to assess the reliability of using UVGI produced from UV ceiling lamps as an effective method to decrease microbial agent contamination from floor surfaces in a biosafety level 3 laboratory. Actively growing Bacillus cereus and B. anthracis vegetative cells or spores (Sterne strain-Veterinary Vaccine Formula) were used as biological indicators to assess UVGI effects within the containment laboratory. Studies were conducted using UVGI exposure times ranging from 15 minutes to 2 hours with varying inoculums ranging from 10 3 to 10 9 colony-forming unit per sample. Later in the study an UVGI radiometer was used to determine the UVGI intensity and to measure the correlation between the biological indicator results and mechanical instrument data. Study results showed that ceilingmounted UVGI lamps were effective in reducing the viability of both B. cereus and B. anthracis vegetative cells and spores after a minimum UVGI exposure time of 1 hour at an intensity as low as 8 uW/cm 2 . Additionally, an UVGI radiometer could be used to determine UVGI effectiveness and a UVGI intensity of 8 uW/cm 2 to 42 uW/cm 2 corresponded with the increased disinfection observed.
Morphology of TiO2 Aerogels

The morphology of titanium dioxide aerogel was studied using a variety of complementary techniques that include: nitrogen adsorption, Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM/TEM) and X-ray diffraction. Since these techniques sense different components of the microstructure, global parametrization should coalesce the results into a uniform framework.
The Millennials in Medicine: Tips for Teaching the Next Generation of Physicians

The topic of generational differences has received a great deal of attention in the workplace; however, very few papers have addressed the topic of how this new generation, the Millennials, have merged into the health care arena. While medical schools continue to admit the most talented students, the Millennials grew up in an environment that was markedly different than those of most physicians and patients. In many ways, these young physicians fit nicely into the changing environment of health care. They work well in interdisciplinary teams, are technology experts who are easily able to access knowledge, and coordinate patient care. They are known to be team players, safety oriented, optimistic, and civic minded. On the other hand, there are some characteristics of this group that may present challenges to older generations. These individuals were raised in a booming economy and were often showered with praise. Our standard approaches to educating residents are no longer ideal. Our newest learners in the health care arena require novel approaches to feedback, mentoring, teaching and learning, and work–life balance. The purpose of this article is to provide academic medical educators the necessary tools to maximize the education of this generation, which will in turn improve patient care.
Autopsy Findings in Carcinoma of the Esophagus

At autopsy of 82 cases of carcinoma of the esophagus over a period of 25 years metastatic tumor was found in 42 cases (51%) and residual tumor in the esophagus in 56 cases (86%). The most frequent site of metastases was in the lymph nodes, followed by liver, lung, and adrenal gland. Direct extension of the tumor to adjacent structures was established in 30 cases (36%), and the most frequent structure involved was the trachea. Five cases had a second primary and two cases a second separate lesion at another level of the esophagus.
THE POLLS—POLL TRENDS THE RISE OF THE NEW MEDIA

One of the most talked about trends in media and communications studies over the past decade has been the rise of the so-called new media.1 The phrase "new media" is, of course, a relative one. At one time, the printing press would have been considered a new medium; the same could have been said about radio in the 1920s and television in the 1950s. In its most recent incarnation, however, the phrase has been widely adopted to refer to a series of scientific and technological innovations, most of which achieved critical mass in the early 1970s, that led to the development of a considerable number of new methods for creating, transmitting, and storing information and to the largescale transformation of many of the more traditional media. Among the techniologies usually included under the "new media" rubric are personal computers, videocassette recorders (VCRs), videotex and teletext, fax machines, car phones, satellites and satellite dishes, remote control devices, videodiscs, compact discs, modems, telephone answering machines, electronic mail, cable TV, and interactive television. Though academic researchers were initially slow to pick up on these developments, a considerable body of writing has recently begun to accumulate, examining the characteristics of the new media and the impacts they are likely to have on the way Americans work, learn, conduct their politics, and spend their leisure time (see, among others, Abramson, Arterton, and Orren 1988; Arterton 1987; Barber 1984; Gilder 1992; Naisbitt 1982; Neuman 1991; Williams 1982). Until now, most of the literature on the new media has necessarily been speculative. That is to say, its focus has been on how American media habits will change and what our politics and society will look like in the future, after these new technologies have had a chance to
NOD2 genetic variants and sarcoidosis-associated uveitis☆

Purpose Identifying genetic risk factors for developing sarcoidosis-associated uveitis could provide insights into its pathogenesis which is poorly understood. We determine if variants in NOD2 confer an increased risk of developing uveitis in adults with sarcoidosis.
Sterol carrier protein2-like activity in rat intestine

A sterol carrier protein2 (SCP2)-like activity has been demonstrated in rat intestinal mucosal homogenates and in isolated intestinal cells from both crypt and villus zones. The results indicate the presence of a protein with similar molecular weight and antigenicity to that of authentic SCP2 purified from rat liver cytosol. Like liver SCP2, mucosal cytosol stimulates pregnenolone production in rat adrenal mitochondria and acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase activity of liver and mucosal microsomes. The distribution of SCP2-like activity as determined by radioimmunoassay indicates high levels in mitochondria and cytosol and relatively lower levels in microsomes and in brush-border membranes. The widespread distribution of SCP2-like protein in the intestine is consistent with potential transfer functions in all phases of cholesterol processing.
Green Building Rating Systems and Whole-Building Life Cycle Assessment: Comparative Study of the Existing Assessment Tools

AbstractThere is a growing interest in integrating life cycle assessment (LCA) into building design decision making due to LCA’s comprehensive and systemic approach to environmental evaluation. Many green building rating systems (GBRSs) use LCA to various degrees. In this paper, a comparative study was performed to evaluate the LCA software tools available to building designers. A whole-building LCA was performed for a large building using three software LCA tools. The software tools vary in key aspects, such as intended users (e.g., LCA experts or novices), design stage in which they can be used, and time. The evaluated LCA tools varied significantly in the possibility of their use in early design and decision making. Some of the applications rely on a bill of materials that changes constantly in design alterations. However, others showed a greater advantage in that they can be integrated from the beginning of the design process. The comparative LCA results indicated that the impact of LCA software is de...
Evaluation of the genetic basis of primary hypoadrenocorticism in Standard Poodles using SNP array genotyping and whole-genome sequencing

Primary hypoadrenocorticism, also known as Addison’s disease, is an autoimmune disorder leading to the destruction of the adrenal cortex and subsequent loss of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid hormones. The disease is prevalent in Standard Poodles and is believed to be highly heritable in the breed. Using genotypes derived from the Illumina Canine HD SNP array, we performed a genome-wide association study of 133 carefully phenotyped Standard Poodles (61 affected, 72 unaffected) and found no markers significantly associated with the disease. We also sequenced the entire genomes of 20 Standard Poodles (13 affected, 7 unaffected) and analyzed the data to identify common variants (including SNPs, indels, structural variants, and copy number variants) across affected dogs and variants segregating within a single pedigree of highly affected dogs. We identified several candidate genes that may be fixed in both Standard Poodles and a small population of dogs of related breeds. Further studies are required to confirm these findings more broadly, as well as additional gene-mapping efforts aimed at fully understanding the genetic basis of what is likely a complex inherited disorder.
Introduction to Wave Phenomena

General introduction to various phenomena that can be described as waves, and situations where wave properties can begin to be explored. Introduction to virtual and experimental tasks. The importance of waves in many aspects of phenomena in nature, where one initially may not see any connections The speed of propagation of signals in the human body Hooke’s Law as the fundamental principle that describes the behavior of objects that experience a linearly restoring force How the use of waves can help to visualize processes in nature that are beyond the range of human perception How a repetitive vibration or oscillation leads from a single occurrence (a pulse) to a collection of pulses at regular intervals (a wave).
Urinary Corticoids by Gas Chromatography

The ideal tool in human steroid chemistry would be one that would separate a conglomerate of steroids and render a quantitative answer for each with a minimum of time and effort. We have not expected GLC to do this alone. Our aim has been to utilize preliminary solvent partition extraction; column, paper, or TLC; and GLC for isolation and quantitation of urinary steroids. Our approach has been to analyze the steroids as the free alcohols or ketones rather than as acetates or ethers. We recognize the advantage of derivatives, but we are also concerned about incomplete conversion of the steroids to esters and ethers. This paper is a short presentation of our experience with GLC of adrenal steroids.
Revealing the Prevalence and Consequences of Food Insecurity in Children with Epilepsy.

Food insecurity (FI) affects more than one in five American children and is increasingly addressed during pediatric primary care. Its relevance during subspecialty care, including in the treatment of chronic conditions like epilepsy, is largely unknown. This study sought to determine the FI prevalence among children with epilepsy and examine the relationship between FI and healthcare utilization, health-related quality-of-life (HR-QOL), and medication side effect control. This was a retrospective cohort study using electronic health record data from children, aged 2–17 years, seen for epilepsy management at an academic pediatric hospital. The primary predictor was household FI status, determined using a validated screening tool employed in the hospital’s pediatric neurology clinics. The primary outcome was unplanned healthcare utilization in the 6 months following initial FI screen. Secondary outcomes were standardized, validated assessments of HR-QOL and epilepsy medication side effects. Nearly 14% of the 691 children seen in the clinics for epilepsy lived in food insecure households. The impact of FI on healthcare utilization varied by race. For Caucasians, healthcare utilization rates were significantly higher among food insecure individuals than food secure individuals (37 vs. 17%, p = 0.003). Among African Americans, healthcare utilization rates did not vary with food security status (p = 0.6). Children in food insecure households had lower HR-QOL (p < 0.0001) and higher medication side effects (p = 0.0005). FI is common among children with epilepsy and may influence adverse health outcomes. Further exploration into how FI and other social determinants influence management of and determine outcomes for chronic diseases is warranted.
Ionic Association and Mobility IV. Ionophores in Dimethylsulfoxide at 25°C

The results of conductance measurements on pyridinium picrate, tetraphenylo-sonium picrate, potassium picrate, tetraphenylantimony picrate, tetrapropylam-monium, tetrafluoroborate, tetramethylammonium hexafluorophosphate ion association noncoulombic interaction in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 25°C in the concentration range 1–15×10−4 M are reported. The data were analyzed by the Justice modification of the Fuoss–Hsia equation. Except for pyridinium picrate all salts studied were found to be associated.
Not Minding the Gap: Intercultural Shakespeare in Britain

The article takes issue with the perceived space/gap between the multiple identities of mixed-heritage groups, as most of these people often pick and choose elements from all of their identities and amalgamate them into a cross-cultural whole. In recent years, such mixed-heritage groups in the U.K. have increasingly found cultural expression in Shakespeare. Focusing specifically on a number of recent Shakespearean productions, by what I term Brasian (my preferred term for British-Asians as it suggests a more fused identity) theatre companies, the article demonstrates how these productions employ hybrid aesthetic styles, stories, and theatre forms to present a layered Braisian identity. It argues that these productions not only provide a nuanced understanding of the intercultural map of Britain but are also a rich breeding ground for innovative Shakespeare productions in the U.K.
Local recurrence after microwave thermosphere ablation of malignant liver tumors: results of a surgical series

Abstract Background Microwave thermosphere ablation is a new treatment modality that creates spherical ablation zones using a single antenna. This study aims to analyze local recurrence associated with this new treatment modality in patients with malignant liver tumors. Methods This is a prospective clinical study of patients who underwent microwave thermosphere ablation of malignant liver tumors between September 2014 and March 2017. Clinical, operative, and oncologic parameters were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional hazards model. Results One hundred patients underwent 301 ablations. Ablations were performed laparoscopically in 87 and open in 13 patients. Pathology included neuroendocrine liver metastasis (n = 115), colorectal liver metastasis (n = 100), hepatocellular cancer (n = 21), and other tumor types (n = 65). Ninety-day morbidity was 7% with one not procedure-related mortality. Median follow-up was 16 months with 65% of patients completing at least 12 months of follow-up. The rate of local tumor recurrence rate per lesion was 6.6% (20/301). Local tumor, new hepatic, and extrahepatic recurrences were detected in 15%, 40%, and 40% of patients, respectively. Local recurrence rate per pathology was 12% for both colorectal liver metastasis (12/100) and other metastatic tumors (8/65). No local recurrence was observed to date in the neuroendocrine liver metastasis and in the limited number of patients with hepatocellular cancers. Tumor size >3 cm and tumor type were independent predictors of local recurrence. Conclusion This is the first study to analyze local recurrence after microwave thermosphere ablation of malignant liver tumors. Short-term local tumor control rate compares favorably with that reported for radiofrequency and other microwave technologies in the literature.
Religion and the State: The Singularity of the Jordanian Religious Experience

The history of the Islamic movement in Jordan displays glaring contrasts with its counterparts in other Islamic countries such as Egypt, pre-Revolutionary Iran, and Syria. In a marked departure from a history of violence that characterized the relationship between the state and the Islamic opposition in these countries, the Jordanian Muslim Brothers was not only a peaceful movement but also often defended the state against the challenges of radical ideologies. Following the democratization process launched by the late King Hussein, the Muslim Brothers participated in electoral politics. To adapt itself to the new pluralistic environment, the movement displayed a move toward secularization. This process was reflected in an organizational differentiation and the rationalization of religious discourse. This paper attempts to explain this remarkable phenomenon by first considering the effects of the structure, ideology, and cultural policies of the state and of the development of social classes on the Islamic movement. It then considers the way in which the legal framework and political pluralism in the 1990s contributed to the secularization of the movement.
A DTA-EGA experiment for a lightweight Martian landed capsule

Differential thermal analysis-effluent gas analysis /DTA-EGA/ experiment for lightweight Martian landed capsule
A phase I/II trial of enzalutamide plus the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

TPS5091Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is a lethal disease with limited therapeutic options. AR targeting therapies such as enzalutamide (Enz) are often effectiv...
Transdisciplinarity at the Boundaries: Exploring a Sylvan Metaphor for Health

Transdisciplinarity is an action-oriented intellectual and ethical endeavor to address complex ecological, economic, and political challenges that humans face. Language is viewed as a powerful tool for necessary cultural change. Blending art and science looking for the difficult to define but critically important hidden spaces between apparently rigid conceptual structures is a core of transdisciplinarity. Metaphor is a particular powerful tool for examining boundaries and developing creative blends of structures and processes. Forests are biologically and culturally critical to life on the planet. In this paper we explore, a performance character named Sylvanus, the Tree Doctor, named after the Roman god of forests and boundaries. We consider the importance of intergenerational learning as a process for deeper reflection on human responsibility over time. Transdisciplinarity is energized by intergenerativity and collective wisdom. Systemic and holistic conceptions of health will be essential for the survival and reinvention of human civilization in better balance with planetary ecosystems.
Regioselective Functionalization. 6.1 Migratory Preferences in Hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic Acid and Schmidt Rearrangements of 7-Substituted Norcamphors

Hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid reacted with syn-7-X- and anti-7-Y-substituted norcamphor derivatives [X = H, OMe, Cl, Br, OTos; Y = H, COOMe, Cl, Br, Tos, COOMe(5-exo-Br)], to give solely bridgehead migrated 2-azalactams, except for minor amounts of methylene migrated 3-azalactams from norcamphor (1) and the syn-7-Br ketone 19. Schmidt reactions of the same ketones provided varying mixtures of methylene and bridgehead migrated lactams, except for norcamphor (1) and anti-7-Br ketone 31, which provided solely 3-azalactams. Significant ratios (>0.4) of bridgehead migration to cleavage products were observed in the Schmidt reactions only with 7-OTos ketones 22 and 24 with exo-5-bromo-anti-7-methoxycarbonyl ketone 37. The Schmidt rearrangements most likely involve iminodiazonium ion intermediates in light of the large amounts of cleavage observed relative to lactam formation and the insensitivity of methylene migration to the substituent size in the reactions of syn-7-substituted norcamphors.
[18F]FDG, [11C]PiB, and [18F]AV-1451 PET Imaging of Neurodegeneration in Two Subjects With a History of Repetitive Trauma and Cognitive Decline

Background Trauma-related neurodegeneration can be difficult to differentiate from multifactorial neurodegenerative syndromes, both clinically and radiographically. We have initiated a protocol for in vivo imaging of patients with suspected TBI-related neurodegeneration utilizing volumetric MRI and PET studies, including [18F]FDG indexing cerebral glucose metabolism, [11C]PiB for Aβ deposition, and [18F]AV-1451 for tau deposition. Objective To present results from a neuroimaging protocol for in vivo evaluation of TBI-related neurodegeneration in patients with early-onset cognitive decline and a history of TBI. Methods Patients were enrolled in parallel TBI studies and underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery as well as an imaging protocol of volumetric MRI and PET studies. Findings from two patients were compared with two age-matched control subjects without a history of TBI. Results Both chronic TBI patients demonstrated cognitive deficits consistent with early-onset dementia on neuropsychological testing, and one patient self-reported a diagnosis of probable early-onset AD. Imaging studies demonstrated significant [18F]AV-1451 uptake in the bilateral occipital lobes, substantial [11C]PiB uptake throughout the cortex in both TBI patients, and abnormally decreased [18F]FDG uptake in the posterior temporoparietal areas of the brain. One TBI patient also had subcortical volume loss. Control subjects demonstrated no appreciable [18F]AV-1451 or [11C]PiB uptake, had normal cortical volumes, and had normal cognition profiles on neuropsychological testing. Conclusions In the two patients presented, the [11C]PiB and [18F]FDG PET scans demonstrate uptake patterns characteristic of AD. [11C]PiB PET scans showed widespread neocortical uptake with less abnormal uptake in the occipital lobes, whereas there was significant [18F]AV-1451 uptake in both occipital lobes.
Management of fever and neutropenia in the adult patient with acute myeloid leukemia

Febrile neutropenia represents one of the most common treatment-associated complications in the management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is considered an oncologic emergency. Rapid and detail...
Age-dating uranium metal using microstructural damage

Abstract Current age-dating technologies for uranium metal provide inadequate information when the material is not chemically purified prior to sample formation. The microstructural damage occurring within the lattice of the metal could provide a time-dependent chronometer to enable sample age determination. As isotopes in the metal decay, the recoil particles travel throughout the lattice and dislocate surrounding atoms. Preliminary simulations indicate the feasibility of this method for highly-enriched uranium (HEU) and high assay low-enriched uranium (LEU) while suggesting lower feasibility for enrichments below commercial LEU. These analyses motivate future simulations and experiments to optimize sample preparation for inspection.
Latin America and the Global Cold War: Edited by Thomas C. Field Jr., Stella Krepp, and Vanni Pettinà, (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2020), xii + 422 pp.

Thomas C. Field Jr., Stella Krepp, and Vanni Pettina’s edited volume Latin America and the Global Cold War gathers scholars from 16 countries to move us away from the common US-centric perspective ...
Approaching Reactive Arthritis Associated With Poor Prognostic Factors: A Case Report and Literature Review

The aim of this paper is to review and discuss the background, common manifestations, differential diagnosis, and current treatment practices of reactive arthritis. The focus will be on the choice of therapy in patients with poor prognostic factors. A PubMed search was performed in March 2020 on reactive arthritis and revealed 137 articles. Fourteen case reports and four large-scale studies that are pertinent for discussion in terms of treatment of reactive arthritis over the past five years are reported along with poor prognostic markers. The first choice of therapy regardless of the number of poor prognostic markers is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The second choice of therapy appeared to be glucocorticoids in the oral as well as intra-articular forms. No correlation was detected between the need for systemic steroids and the number of poor prognostic factors present. The third choice of therapy appears to be disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (such as sulfasalazine) and their increasing use can be demonstrated over time. Novel therapies such as adalimumab have also been shown to be used and this shows a strong correlation with an increased number of poor prognostic factors. Reporting of these case reports and review of literature contribute to knowing more about reactive arthritis and help keep us up to date with newer therapies available when patients do not respond to conventional therapy. It was notable that the increased number of poor prognostic factors and non-responders have shown increased use of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFI) such as adalimumab.
Improving Prediction of Acute Right Ventricular Failure in Patients Undergoing Left Ventricular Assist Devices Using Novel Comprehensive Eighteen-Segment Echocardiographic Strain Analysis

Purpose The complex anatomy and different contraction patterns of the different right ventricular (RV) wall segments has made it challenging to predict acute RV failure (ARVF) in patients receiving a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). We sought to improve the prediction of ARVF after LVAD by performing a comprehensive 18-segment strain (e) analysis of the RV. Methods Prospectively enrolled LVAD recipients had a right heart catheterization and echocardiogram prior to implant. From RV-focused views (Figure 1A), 18-segment e was performed and indexed to pulmonary arterial elastance (Ea [PV]). ARVF was defined as need for RVAD, inotropes for >14 days or pulmonary vasodilator for >48 hours post-LVAD. Logistic regression was used to identify associations between specific parameters and ARVF. Results ARVF occurred in 15 of 30 patients enrolled. Lower pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPi), TAPSE and basal free wall (FW) (basal anterior, lateral and posterior FW) segmental e/Ea (PV) were significantly associated with ARVF. Indexed basal FW segmental strain provided incremental predictive value over PAPi and TAPSE (Figure 1B). Conclusion Prediction of ARVF in LVAD candidates can be improved by adding comprehensive RV segmental strain analysis to traditional echocardiographic and hemodynamics parameters.
Humility in health care: A model

This paper presents the author's model of humility structures that can be operationalized as behaviours and incorporated into healthcare practice, the Humility in Health Care Model. The Humility in Health Care Model expands and combines the concepts of cultural humility, holistic nursing, servant leadership and the Chinese concept 'QIAN'. The paper identifies ways to create a regular practice of humility behaviours on the personal/interpersonal, leadership, systems and policy levels. The paper discusses the benefits of operationalizing humility, forces that favour humility and barriers to practicing its behaviours. Suggestions for future research on humility in the healthcare professions are offered.
Bank Deposits and Lending in January 2018: Unusual Development

In January 2018, households’ savings contracted against debt growth on bank loans, which is very unordinary for the first month of the year. Consumption indexes—retail trade turnover and spending on paid services—continued growing. The households strive to maintain acceptable standard of living by mobilizing all available financial possibilities.
Reassuringly Expensive – a commentary on obstetric emergency training in high-resource settings

Abstract The pathophysiologic origins of obstetrical emergencies are complicated and may well be influenced by events prior to conception. Such problems are not likely to be resolved soon, and in the meantime, high resource countries simply cannot afford to divert more and more money to litigation and the costs of preventable morbidities for either mother or child. It is long past time we tackled these acute care problems where most first occur-the Maternity unit. It is reasonable to ask whether hospitals (and society at large) are getting what they believe they are buying? Training to satisfy a regulation without improving patient outcome functionally erects one more barrier to the pursuit of optimal patient outcomes. And if current hospital training is not improving outcomes, why continue squandering limited resources and precious lives? In this monograph, I focus on training programs for the management of obstetrical emergencies.
Best-Range Study for a Boost-Sustain Missile

Midcourse guidance is examined for an air-to-air missile featuring boost-sustain propulsion. A vertical plane, point-mass model is studied with load factor as a control variable. Time-range-energy optimal trajectories are computed, open-loop, via the usual necessary conditions and a multiple-shooting algorithm. A requirement on terminal velocity magnitude is examined for its effect on firing range.
Volcanic morphology of the submarine Puna Ridge, Kilauea Volcano

Flow fields, pillow ridges, cones, and terraces are constructed on the Puna Ridge. Three basic flow morphologies are observed: pillow, lobate, and sheet flows. All three are found in each of the seven camera sites 660-3700 m deep. Pillow ridges are 500 m to a few kilometers long, and their heights reach to a few tens of meters. Cones are circular in plan, up to ∼140 m high, and stand above surrounding topography on all sides. Terraces are symmetric in plan, have horizontal flat tops, and are up to several hundred meters high on their down-slope flanks. Terrace height-to-diameter ratios are commonly half that of cones (0.05 and 0.1, respectively). Other conditions being equal, feeder systems must have a larger excess magma pressure to build cones upwards, compared to terraces. Skylights mark the locations of lava tubes on terrace tops. Tumuli indicate that hydrostatic pressure was large enough to crack the overlying crust of the terrace tops. Small pillow cones (< 100 m high) are likely rootless vents, fed from lava that flowed through the cracks. Terraces are interpreted to grow upwards and outwards by inflation from within. A few simple trends in overall morphology are a function of water depth. Only two fissure vents are identified, both on the shallow ridge crest (<1100 m depth). Large central-vent eruptions dominate farther down the ridge crest. Large cratered cones are observed only at crestal depths between 600-2200 m, perhaps because of longer residence time and buildup of volatiles within a magma reservoir beneath this section of the ridge.
Cyclic Relative Difference Sets and their p -Ranks

By modifying the constructions in Helleseth et al. [10] and No [15], we construct a family of cyclic ((q3k−1)/(q−1), q−1, q3k−1, q3k−2) relative difference sets, where qe3e. These relative difference sets are “liftings” of the difference sets constructed in Helleseth et al. [10] and No [15]. In order to demonstrate that these relative difference sets are in general new, we compute p-ranks of the classical relative difference sets and 3-ranks of the newly constructed relative difference sets when qe3. By rank comparison, we show that the newly constructed relative difference sets are never equivalent to the classical relative difference sets, and are in general inequivalent to the affine GMW difference sets.
Regulation of Aspartate Family Amino Acid Biosynthesis in Brevibacterium flavum :Part II. The First and Second Step Enzymes of Lysine Biosynthesis

Dihydrodipicolinate (DDP)* synthetase and DDP-reductase were partially purified about 30 and 15 folds, respectively, from sonic extracts of Brevibacterium flavum.In contrast with DDP-synthetase fro...