cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Physician-patient communication about prescription medication nonadherence: a 50-state study of America's seniors.

Understanding and improving the quality of medication management is particularly important in the context of the Medicare prescription drug benefit that took effect last January 2006. To determine the prevalence of physician–patient dialogue about medication cost and medication adherence among elderly adults nationwide. Cross-sectional survey. National stratified random sample of community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older. Rates of physician–patient dialogue about nonadherence and cost-related medication switching. Forty-one percent of seniors reported taking five or more prescription medications, and more than half has 2 or more prescribing physicians. Thirty-two percent overall and 24% of those with 3 or more chronic conditions reported not having talked with their doctor about all their different medicines in the last 12 months. Of seniors reporting skipping doses or stopping a medication because of side effects or perceived nonefficacy, 27% had not talked with a physician about it. Of those reporting cost-related nonadherence, 39% had not talked with a physician about it. Thirty-eight percent of those with cost-related nonadherence reported switching to a lower priced drug, and in a multivariable model, having had a discussion about drug cost was significantly associated with this switch (odds ratio [OR] 5.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.28–5.93, P < .001). We show that there is a communication gap between seniors and their physicians around prescription medications. This communication problem is an important quality and safety issue, and takes on added salience as physicians and patients confront new challenges associated with coverage under new Medicare prescription drug plans. Meeting these challenges will require that more attention be devoted to medication management during all clinical encounters.
Pattern recognition of acoustic emission signals during punch stretching

Abstract This paper discusses the application of pattern recognition techniques for classifying the source mechanism of the detected acoustic emission (AE) during a punch stretching operation. Previous results show that changes in source mechanisms in a metal-working operation are strongly reflected in the frequency content of the detected AE signal. Feature selection procedures are used to identify the frequencies which show a significant amount of variation in power content when the operation mode during the punch stretching process changes from plastic deformation to workpiece fracture and subsequent friction between the punch surface and the workpiece. Once these frequencies have been identified, linear classifiers are trained to classify the process state. Proper recognition of the process state is important for purposes of process monitoring in automated manufacturing. Testing of the classifier performance showed a correct classification rate of about 95%.
Pediatric Asthma in a Nutshell

On the basis of strong research evidence, asthma is a leading cause of emergency department visits and hospital admissions for children. On the basis of research evidence, implementation of asthma guidelines by medical professionals in not optimal. On the basis of research evidence, the Asthma Predictive Index supports a diagnosis of chronic asthma in children younger than 3 years. On the basis of strong research evidence, premedication with a short-acting β2-agonist is the preferred initial therapy for exercise-induced asthma. On the basis of strong research evidence, anti-inflammatory therapy with inhaled corticosteroids is an effective treatment for asthma. On the basis of research and consensus, assessment of impairment and risk followed by scheduled assessment for asthma control is recommended. On the basis of research and consensus, the establishment of a close cooperative relationship among medical professionals, patients with asthma, and their families is an important component of asthma management.
Laser technology in the cost of health care

Laser and optical technology could greatly benefit health care during the 1990s. The present understanding of laser-tissue interactions and rapidly developing technological capabilities suggest a wide range of possibilities. The intention is to make medical care and surgery safer, faster, less invasive, and less expensive. Long in-patient procedures may become brief, out-patient procedures; presendy impossible procedures may become possible. These were previously fantasies, then goals, and now, expectations.
Alkanes in benthic organisms from the Buccaneer oil field.

Alkane profiles of 48 benthic organisms from the Buccaneer oil field are reported. Coral samples contained biogenic alkanes in the C22 to C32 region (Koons et al. 1965). Hydroid specimens exhibited similar profiles which were also ascribed a biogenic origin. Samples of one species of mollusc,Pleuroploea giganta, from the production and quarters platforms contained petroleum alkanes, while corresponding samples from the well jacket did not contain these compounds. Some specimens of another mollusc,Pteria colymbus, contained petroleum hydrocarbons, while there was no evidence for petroleum hydrocarbons in any of the other species examined:Arbacia unctulata,Chloeia viridis,Murex fulvescens,Pagurus floridanus, andFasciolaria hunteria.
Modeling methods for power/ground plane structures in electronic packages

Typical power delivery network of the high-speed electronic packages and boards consists of multiple layers of power/ground planes. The power/ground structures contain small gaps for DC isolation and via holes for signal routing. Since these small discontinuities can be a source of horizontal or vertical coupling of electromagnetic energy, their effects are not negligible in the design of high-speed systems. However, considering small features in a large design can be computationally inefficient due to large memory consumption and long simulation time. Consequently, a great deal of research to develop a modeling method, which can produce accurate results with computational efficiency, is being conducted worldwide. In this paper, we review and compare three selected modeling methods: multilayer triangular element method (M-TEM), multilayer finite element method, and multilayer finite difference method, with major focus on M-TEM.
A comparative analysis of crude oil life-cycle models

Abstract An alternative to a logistic function form life-cycle model for crude oil is presented. Development of the polynomial model is discussed and empirically estimated parameters are examined for consistency. The logistic and polynomial functions are compared on the basis of their descriptive and predictive characteristics.
Nitroxide-mediated protection against X-ray-and neocarzinostatin-induced DNA damage

The stable free radical Tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidinyloxy) has been shown to protect against X-ray-induced cytotoxicity and hydrogen peroxide- or xanthine oxidase-induced cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. The ability of Tempol to protect against X-ray- or neocarzinostatin (NCS)-induced mutagenicity or DNA double-strand breaks (dsb) was studied in Chinese hamster cells. Tempol (50 mM) provided a protection factor of 2.7 against X-ray-induced mutagenicity in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) AS52 cells, with a protection factor against cytotoxicity of 3.5. Using the field inversion gel electrophoresis technique of measuring DNA dsb, 50 mM Tempol provides a threefold reduction in DNA damage at an X-ray dose of 40 Gy. For NCS-induced damage, Tempol increased survival from 9% to 80% at 60 ng/mL NCS and reduced mutation induction by a factor of approximately 3. DNA dsb were reduced by a factor of approximately 7 at 500 ng/mL NCS. Tempol is representative of a class of stable nitroxide free radical compounds that have superoxide dismutase-mimetic activity, can oxidize metal ions such as ferrous iron that are complexed to DNA, and may also detoxify radiation-induced organoperoxide radicals by competitive scvenging. The NCS chromophore is reduced by sulfhydryls to an active form. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy shows that 2-mercaptoethanol-activated NCS reacts with Tempol 3.5 times faster than does unactivated NCS. Thus, Tempol appears to inactivate the NCS chromophore before a substantial amount of DNA damage occurs.
Regulation of peripherin and neurofilament expression in regenerating rat motor neurons.

Abstract Northern blotting, in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry were used to study the changes in levels of mRNA coding for peripherin and in immunoreactivity of peripherin, a type III neuronal intermediate filament, in rat spinal motor neurons following axotomy of the sciatic nerve. For comparison, parallel studies examined the biology of neurofilament (NF) proteins in this model. The sciatic nerve was crushed at the junction of the L4–L5 spinal nerves. Levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) coding for peripherin in the motor neurons doubled by 4 days postaxotomy and remained elevated for a period of 6 weeks. Within 4–7 days of injury peripherin immunoreactivity increased significantly in cell bodies of motor neurons and remained elevated through 6 weeks. In contrast, no changes were detected in NF-M immunoreactivity over the same time period. By 8 weeks postaxotomy, levels of peripherin mRNA and protein returned to control values. The increases in the expression of peripherin parallel those of β-tubulin and actin, and these changes are quite different from the alterations in neurofilament mRNA that decrease after axotomy. The contrasting responses of peripherin and NF to nerve injury indicates that each of these intermediate filaments may play distinct roles in nerve growth and regeneration.
Segmentation of left ventricles from echocardiographic sequences via sparse appearance representation

Sparse representation has proven to be a powerful mathematical framework for studying high-dimensional data and uncovering its structures. Some recent research has shown its promise in discriminating image patterns. This paper presents an approach employing sparse appearance representation for segmenting left ventricular endocardial and epicardial boundaries from 2D echocardiographic sequences. It leverages the inherent spatio-temporal coherence of tissue/blood appearance over the sequence by modeling the different appearance of blood and tissues with different appearance dictionaries and updating the dictionaries in a boosting framework as the frames are segmented sequentially. The appearance of each frame is predicted in the form of appearance dictionaries based on the appearance observed in the preceding frames. The dictionaries discriminate image patterns by reconstructing them in the process of sparse coding resulting in an appearance discriminant that we incorporate into a region-based level set segmentation process. We illustrate the advantages of our approach by comparing it to manual tracings and an intensity-prior-based level set method. Experimental results on 34 2D canine echocardiographic sequences show that sparse appearance representation significantly outperforms intensity in terms of reliability and accuracy of segmentation.
QCD evolution of naive-time-reversal-odd fragmentation functions

We study QCD evolution equations of the first transverse-momentum moment of the naive-time-reversal-odd fragmentation functions---the Collins function and the polarizing fragmentation function. We find for the Collins function case that the evolution kernel has a diagonal piece the same as that for the transversity fragmentation function, while for the polarizing fragmentation function case this piece is the same as that for the unpolarized fragmentation function. Our results might have important implications in the current global analysis of spin asymmetries.
Vasopressin elevates cytosolic calcium in small cell lung cancer cells

Abstract The ability of vasopressin to elevate cytosolic Ca 2+ in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells was investigated. Ten nanomolar vasopressin elevated the cytosolic Ca 2+ in 6 of 8 SCLC cell lines that were loaded with Fura-2 AM. Using SCLC cell line NCI-H345, the effect of vasopressin was dose dependent, being maximal at 100 nM, where the cytosolic Ca 2+ was elevated from 150 to 210 nM. Because addition of 1 mM EGTA had no effect on the vasopressin response, vasopressin released Ca 2+ from intracellular pools. Also, oxytocin weakly elevated the cytosolic Ca 2+ . The response to vasopressin was strongly blocked by [(β-mercapto-β,β-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid) 1 ,O-MeTyr 2 ,Arg 8 ]vasopressin and weakly blocked by [(β-mercapto-β,β-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid) 1 ,O-MeTyr 2 ,Orn 8 ]vasotocin. These data suggest that V 1 vasopressin receptors are present on SCLC cells.
RESULTS OF A SYSTEMS ENGINEERING DESIGN AUTOMATION LANDMARK STUDY AT TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INCORPORATED

Within Texas Instruments' defense business (DSEG), high-level managers recognized the need to improve the productivity of the systems engineering staff, and tasked a group of experienced systems engineers to execute a Systems Engineering Design Automation Landmark Study. This study was built on an analytical understanding of our systems engineering process, and included a survey of the systems engineering staff, a systems engineerng market analysis, analysis of systems engineering automation requirements, and an implementation plan for systems engineering automation. This paper describes the study and its results.
Identification of the CRE-1 Cellulolytic Regulon in Neurospora crassa

Background: In filamentous ascomycete fungi, the utilization of alternate carbon sources is influenced by the zinc finger transcription factor CreA/CRE-1, which encodes a carbon catabolite repressor protein homologous to Mig1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In Neurospora crassa, deletion of cre-1 results in increased secretion of amylase and bgalactosidase. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we show that a strain carrying a deletion of cre-1 has increased cellulolytic activity and increased expression of cellulolytic genes during growth on crystalline cellulose (Avicel). Constitutive expression of cre-1 complements the phenotype of a N. crassa Dcre-1 strain grown on Avicel, and also results in stronger repression of cellulolytic protein secretion and enzyme activity. We determined the CRE-1 regulon by investigating the secretome and transcriptome of a Dcre-1 strain as compared to wild type when grown on Avicel versus minimal medium. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR of putative target genes showed that CRE-1 binds to only some adjacent 59-SYGGRG-39 motifs, consistent with previous findings in other fungi, and suggests that unidentified additional regulatory factors affect CRE-1 binding to promoter regions. Characterization of 30 mutants containing deletions in genes whose expression level increased in a Dcre-1 strain under cellulolytic conditions identified novel genes that affect cellulase activity and protein secretion. Conclusions/Significance: Our data provide comprehensive information on the CRE-1 regulon in N. crassa and contribute to deciphering the global role of carbon catabolite repression in filamentous ascomycete fungi during plant cell wall deconstruction.
A Note on Romans 8:26–27

Paul's remark about the intercessory prayer of the Spirit in Rom 8:26–27 is unparalleled in the NT and has traditionally caused difficulties for the translator or interpreter. There is, for example, the tendency in modern versions to soften the statement that “we do not know what to pray for as we ought” to “we do not know how to pray as we ought” (RSV). The problem here may be a failure to acknowledge Paul's eschatological perspective in the immediate context in Romans 8 in which the focus is on the invisibility of what the Christian is called upon to hope for (8:24–25). Neglect of the context has also led to a failure in many modern versions to preserve the continuity of the metaphor στeνάζeιν/στeναγμός in vv 22, 23, 26: the RSV, for example, renders the noun in v 26 “sighs” but translates the verb “groans” in the other verses. Such a shift of language makes the initial ὡσαύτως of v 26 a problem, for it is precisely the repetition of στeνάζeιν/στeναγμός which undergirds the comparison. It is not the intention of this note to discuss these issues in detail, but to concentrate on the meaning of v 27.
Limitations of D-dimer testing in unselected inpatients with suspected venous thromboembolism

Abstract Purpose To determine the utility and limitations of D-dimer testing for the evaluation of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients. Methods We performed D-dimer testing by four different methods in unselected inpatients undergoing radiologic evaluation for possible venous thromboembolism. We included patients with a history of malignancy, recent surgery, thrombosis, and anticoagulation treatment. C-reactive protein levels were assayed as a measure of inflammation. Results Of 45 patients with radiographically proven proximal deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, 43 had elevated D-dimer levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (sensitivity, 96%); the specificity of the test was 23% (36/157). The qualitative non-ELISA tests had higher specificities, but their sensitivities were Conclusion In unselected inpatients, D-dimer testing has limited clinical utility because of its poor specificity. This is particularly true for older patients, those who have undergone prolonged hospitalization, and those with markedly elevated C-reactive protein levels. In some patient subsets, a negative non-ELISA D-dimer test cannot discriminate between inpatients with and without thrombosis.
Contrasting effects of ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP) on the regression of two types of dietary-induced atherosclerosis☆

Abstract Atherosclerosis was induced in White Carneau pigeons by feeding cholesterol either continuously or intermittently during a 14-month period. Animals were then treated daily with either saline, or 0.5 or 2.5 mg EHDP/kg body wt during which time a cholesterol-free “regression” diet was fed. Subgroups of pigeons were studied after four and eight months of treatment. After the progression period, aortas and brachiocephalic arteries of those pigeons that were subjected to intermittent hypercholesterolemia accumulated more cholesterol, were more complicated, and showed a different pattern of lesion regression than arteries in animals continuously hypercholesterolemic. EHDP treatment had no effect on plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, calcium, or phosphorus concentrations. In animals with atherosclerosis induced by intermittent hypercholesterolemia, EHDP treatment resulted in a reduction in intimal plaques in the aorta and brachiocephalic arteries while in animals with atherosclerosis induced by continuous hypercholesterolemia EHDP treatment resulted in more extensive intimal plaques. In animals fed cholesterol intermittently and treated with EHDP, aortic cholesterol concentrations were lower; but animals with atherosclerosis induced by continuous cholesterol feeding and treated with EHDP had higher aortic cholesterol concentrations than controls. Among pigeons with atherosclerosis augmented by intermittent cholesterol feeding, there was increased mineralization during regression and this complication was found to be prevented by EHDP treatment. No effect was seen on collagen concentrations in either the intermittent or the continuous cholesterol fed animals. The beneficial effect of EHDP on the more advanced atherosclerosis in the pigeons fed cholesterol intermittently may be due to an action on lipid-calcium-connective tissue complexes within the atherosclerotic plaque. The opposite effect of EHDP in pigeons with relatively uncomplicated atherosclerosis induced by continuous cholesterol feeding is less easily understood, but a possible role implicating lysosomes is suggested.
‘Competitive’ Food And Beverage Policies: Are They Influencing Childhood Overweight Trends?

We examined whether new policies restricting sales in schools of so-called competitive foods and beverages—those that fall outside of what is served through federally reimbursed school meal programs—influenced increasing rates of overweight children in the Los Angeles Unified School District and the rest of California. After these policies, which set stricter nutrition standards for certain food and beverages sold to students, took effect, the rate of increase in overweight children significantly diminished among fifth graders in Los Angeles and among fifth-grade boys and seventh graders in the rest of California. The extent to which the new nutritional policies contributed to the change is unclear. This is one of the first studies examining the postulated population-level influence of recently implemented policies aimed at sales of competitive foods and beverages in schools.
Sound Symbolic Involvement

This article examines an iconic form of communication, sound symbolism, which has been associated with oral cultures and implicated in paradigms of primitive mentality. I argue that Lowland Ecuadorean Quechua speakers use sound symbolic iconicity to create interlocutionary involvement. A speaker's performative foregrounding of a sound symbolic form simulates the salient qualities of an action, event, or process, and thereby invites a listener to project into an experience. This projected involvement, in turn, points the listener to deeper kinds of imaginative, intellectual, and emotional engagement with the narrative. The argument is based on an analysis of the formal and semantic characteristics of sound symbolic words in a conversational narrative translated from Quechua.
Teaching Poetry: The Neglected Muse.

This article discusses techniques whereby the abstract nature of foreign language poetry may be communicated to students. Some procedures are: (1) an introduction to the literary genre of poetry; (2) understanding and appreciating poetry as a literary skill (including grammar and syntax); (3) the poet in his or her milieu; (4) reading the poem for expression and vocabulary; (5) determining the poem's place in a literary movement; and (6) analyzing the poem for theme, content, and structure. Stylistics are an integral part of the poetic form, and as such present students with an excellent medium for the study of language.
Common pitfalls in interpreting pacemaker electrocardiograms in the emergency department

The number of patients receiving pacemakers and defibrillators has grown substantially over the last 20 years. In addition, the complexity and sophistication of these devices have increased, making diagnosis of pacemaker problems using the electrocardiogram (ECG) more difficult for clinicians in the emergency department. This article will focus on a few of the pitfalls to be avoided when interpreting paced ECGs. Pacemaker algorithms designed to minimize right ventricular pacing may be confused with pathologic failure to output. Automatic capture threshold detection schemes may be misinterpreted as failure to capture as well as undersensing due to the extra "backup" pacemaker spikes noted on rhythm strips. Device testing done in the emergency department may produce waveforms on monitor resembling ventricular tachycardia if pacemaker-mediated tachycardia is produced accidentally. Ventricular safety pacing algorithms may also be misinterpreted as failure to sense appropriately, triggering questions about pacemaker malfunction. Certain types of true undersensing may resemble morphologies consistent with pacemaker lead dislodgment. In addition, sophisticated programming features designed to mimic normal physiology could be misconstrued as pacemaker malfunction. These include pacemaker hysteresis and sleep mode. The presence of frequent premature ventricular complexes would cause a pacemaker to inhibit ventricular pacing appropriately. However, this could produce a palpated heart rate that is substantially lower than the programmed lower rate of the device due to reduced perfusion by the premature ventricular complexes, again raising questions about the appropriate functioning of the pacemaker. All of these situations will be discussed in detail along with approaches to systematically examining the paced ECGs to minimize the risk of misinterpretation. Pacemaker timing cycles as they relate to troubleshooting of the paced ECG will also be introduced.
Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) Recognition: A Time for Promoting Innovation, Not Measuring Standards

Disruption, uncertainty, fear, promise, change, frustration, and energy all bundle together uncomfortably in our current unstable and unpredictable climate of health care reform and turbulence. The troubled landscape of family medicine and primary care offers stark evidence of this, and the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) represents an exciting possibility out of this predicament. In such times, it is all the more essential that primary care practices, payers, policymakers, and users get much needed guidance, assurance, and transparency about what changes and emerging innovations are most likely to be beneficial. The National Committee for Quality Assurance’s (NCQA) PCMH recognition program intends to do just that. The policy brief in this issue 1 strongly suggests otherwise. Only 40% of a national cohort of primary care practice innovators sought and achieved NCQA PCMH recognition, and 45% of this national cohort did not even consider seeking such recognition for their work and innovations. Unfortunately, these findings are not surprising and support what others have suggested. 2 Why? One possibility is that the NCQA criteria do not recognize many of these innovations. Another is that the innovators find the burden of obtaining recognition greater than any
Neurocognitive performance of concussed athletes when symptom free.

Context: Concussed athletes may underreport concussionrelated symptoms in order to expedite return to play. Whether neurocognitive impairments persist once concussion-related symptoms resolve has yet to be determined. Reliance on athlete-reported, postconcussion symptoms when making returnto-play decisions may expose athletes to subsequent injury if complete recovery has not occurred. Objective: To evaluate the presence of neurocognitive decrements in concussed athletes no longer reporting concussionrelated symptoms. Design: Within-groups design. Setting: University research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-one National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate athletes (16 men, 5 women). Age 19.81 1.25 years, height 180.95 10.62 cm, mass 93.66 27.60 kg, and previous concussions 1.76 2.02. Main Outcome Measure(s): The ImPACT concussion assessment test was administered to concussed athletes at baseline, when symptomatic (within 72 hours of injury), and when asymptomatic. Index scores of verbal memory, visual memory, visual-motor speed, reaction time, and concussion-related symptoms were recorded at each session. The Symptom Assessment Scale was administered daily after injury to establish when the athlete became asymptomatic. Results: When assessed within 72 hours of concussion, 81% of the athletes showed deficits on at least 1 ImPACT variable. At the asymptomatic time point, 38% of the concussed athletes continued to demonstrate neurocognitive impairment on at least 1 ImPACT variable. Conclusions: Neurocognitive decrements may persist when athletes no longer report concussion-related symptoms. The exclusive use of symptom reports in making a return-to-play decision is not advised. A multifaceted approach to concussion assessment that includes evaluation of a myriad of functions is warranted.
Comparing National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Among a Stroke Team and Helicopter Emergency Medical Service Providers

Background and Purpose—The use of tissue-type plasminogen activator is limited to a maximum of 4.5 hours after symptom-onset. Endovascular recanalization may improve outcomes for large-vessel occlusions (LVO), but efficacy decreases with time from symptom-onset. A National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥12 is predictive of LVOs and could be used to triage patients if appropriately used by prehospital providers. The NIHSS has been considered too complex and has not been validated in the prehospital setting. Methods—We reviewed all patients with ischemic stroke transported by helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) to a single comprehensive stroke center in 2010. HEMS NIHSS were compared with in-hospital stroke team physician scores. NIHSS was categorized based on 3 clinically relevant groupings and ability to predict LVO was investigated. Results—Three-hundred five patients met inclusion criteria, 68.9% having LVO. Moderate agreement existed between HEMS and physicians (72.1%; κ=0.57...
Residual Symmetries Applied to Neutrino Oscillations at NOνA and T2K

The results previously obtained from the model-independent application of a generalized hidden horizontal symmetry to the neutrino mass matrix are updated using the latest global fits for the neutrino oscillation parameters. The resulting prediction for the Dirac phase is in agreement with recent results from T2K. The distribution for the Jarlskog invariant has become sharper and appears to be approaching a particular region. The approximate effects of matter on long-baseline neutrino experiments are explored, and it is shown how the weak interactions between the neutrinos and the particles that make up the Earth can help to determine the mass hierarchy. A similar strategy is employed to show how NOA and T2K could determine the octant of . Finally, the exact effects of matter are obtained numerically in order to make comparisons with the form of the approximate solutions. From this analysis there emerge some interesting features of the effective mass eigenvalues.
The Maxwell-Vlasov equations as a continuous hamiltonian system

The well-known Maxwell-Vlasov equations that describe a collisionless plasma are cast into Hamiltonian form. The dynamical variables are the physical although noncanonical variables E, B, and f. We present a Poisson bracket which acts on these variables and the energy functional to produce the equations of motion.
Le passage à des goûts omnivores : notions, faits et perspectives

Cet article porte sur la transformation radicale que subit la construction du capital culturel. En 1950, une personne de statut eleve se reconnaissait a son gout pour les arts et a son dedain pour les divertissements populaires, et de telles dispositions meritaient l’appellation populaire de « snobisme intellectuel ». Peu de chercheurs se sont interesses a l’hegemonie du snobisme intellectuel avant la publication par Pierre Bourdieu de La Distinction. Au cours des dernieres decennies, des chercheurs ont teste la theorie de Bourdieu dans un certain nombre de pays afin de voir si elle s’appliquait au-dela de la France des annees 1960. Leurs travaux montrent que le capital culturel est de plus en plus percu comme une aptitude a apprecier l’esthetisme propre a une vaste gamme de formes culturelles, qui englobent les arts mais aussi toute une serie d’expressions populaires et folkloriques, et ils ont donne a cette aptitude le nom d’« omnivorite ». Nous etudions ici les causes de l’apparition de l’omnivorite, son lieu social ainsi que sa repartition temporelle et geographique dans les societes. Nous analysons egalement les avantages d’autres methodes de mesure de l’omnivorite et de son contraire, soit les nombreux types d’« univorite », depuis les individus isoles au bas de l’echelle sociale jusqu’aux snobs intellectuels.
On robust stabilization over communication channels in the presence of unstructured uncertainty

This paper is concerned with the problem of controlling plants over communication channels, where the plant is subject to two types of unstructured uncertainty: additive uncertainty and stable coprime factor uncertainty. Necessary lower bounds on the rate of transmission (or channel capacity) C, for robust stabilization, are computed explicitly. In particular, it is shown that the lower bound in the additive uncertainty case corresponds to a fixed point of a particular function. In the stable coprime factor uncertainty case, the derivation relies on linear fractional transformation concepts. The results are important in determining the minimum channel capacity needed in order to stabilize plants subject to unstructured uncertainty over communication channels. For instance, the bounds obtained can be used to analyze the effect of uncertainty on the channel capacity in control over communication channels. Finally, an illustrative example is provided.
An optimal pollution surveillance schedule generating system (OPGENS)

In recent years there has been a general increase in concern for the quality of the environment. While this concern has been manifest in many different ways, considerable attention has focused in the area of water pollution because of the following factors:(1) A few shipping accidents have caused spectacular local threats to the environment.(2) Leaks in offshore oil well drilling operations have received widespread news coverage.(3) A rising demand for petroleum products throughout the world complicated by political considerations has produced a corresponding expansion in tanker shipping operations and in offshore oil operations, both of which increase the potential threat of pollution to the ocean environment.
Structure of a trimeric domain of the MHC class II-associated chaperonin and targeting protein Ii

The invariant chain (Ii) plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide‐free class II αβ heterodimers in a nonameric (αβIi) 3 complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to compartments where peptide loading of class II takes place. Loading progresses following Ii proteolysis and via an intermediate complex of MHC class II with an Ii‐derived peptide, CLIP. CLIP is substituted by exogenous peptidic fragments in an exchange reaction catalyzed by HLA‐DM. The CLIP region of Ii, roughly residues 81‐104, is one of two segments shown to interact with class II HLA‐DR molecules. The other segment, Ii 118‐216, is C‐terminal to CLIP, mediates trimerization of the ectodomain of Ii and interferes with DM/class II binding. Here we report the three‐dimensional structure of this trimeric domain, determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of a 27 kDa trimer of human Ii 118‐192. The cylindrical shape of the molecule and the mapping of conserved residues delimit surfaces which may be important for interactions between Ii and class II molecules.
Penile Sensory Loss

(A) While written about infrequently, it is not uncommon for an andrologist to have a patient complaining of loss of penile sensation. This perplexing symptom may be organically based (penile sensory neuropathy) or psychogenic ­(perceptual). Any cause of neuropathy can cause penile sensation loss, but most common is diabetes mellitus. Of note, it is not uncommon for patients after radical prostatectomy to believe that the nerve injury associated with that ­operation leads to penile sensation loss. Of course, the nerves injured at the time of this procedure are autonomic in nature and thus are not implicated in penile sensory loss. Reduced penile sensation may be a secondary psychological sexual dysfunction. In men, particularly young men with sexual problems, the typically encountered penocentricity (that is, obsessive focus on the penis) associated with the latter can lead to the complaint of penile sensation loss.
Does size matter? A prospective analysis of 28-32 versus 36-40 French chest tube size in trauma

Background:The optimal chest tube size for the drainage of traumatic hemothoraces and pneumothoraces is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of small versus large chest tubes for use in thoracic trauma. Our hypothesis was that (1) there would be no difference in clinically
Variables which influence the selection of an egg donor

We have analysed the different variables which affected the efficacy of egg donation in our assisted reproductive technology unit. Potential donors (n = 108) were divided into two groups. Group 1 comprised partial donor (PD) subjects who underwent assisted reproduction for the treatment of their infertility and who agreed altruistically to donate extra eggs not used during their own cycles (n = 31). Group 2 consisted of full donor (FD) subjects who donated all the eggs recovered during their ovarian stimulation cycle (n = 77) and included sister to sister donation, volunteers and patients undergoing diagnostic or sterilization laparoscopies. The entire donor population was divided into two sub-populations by age, those under 30 and 31-39 years old, and correlated with the pregnancy rate in their recipients. From this analysis, a higher pregnancy rate was observed when the oocytes were provided by the younger group of donors (54 versus 36%). We did not find a significant difference in the recipients' pregnancy rate, according to the previous reproductive performance of their donors. Even though FD and PD yield similar pregnancy rates during the fresh cycles, the availability of cryopreserved embryos in the former group enhances the cumulative pregnancy rate.
A method for the separation of interfering surface waves and the computation of their dispersion

Abstract A practical technique for separating two surface waves that interfere, producing beats, is accomplished by a generalized least-squares inversion. A sinusoid consisting of a polynomial phase function is fit via least squares to both the envelope and the carrier wave forms of a digitized signal. The phase functions of the two interfering waves are then determined via a modulation equation. The derivative with respect to time of each phase function yields the frequency dispersion curves. Determinations of both group- and phase-velocity dispersion curves are discussed and a numerical example of the technique is given.
Abstract 3053: Combination Niaspan With Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Treatment Of Stroke In Diabetic Rats

Background and Purpose: Our previous studies have found that cell therapy with bone-marrow-stromal cells (BMSCs) improves functional recovery after stroke in non-diabetic, but not in diabetic rats....
Standardization of the δ-Endotoxin Produced by Several Varieties of Bacillus thuringiensis. 2. Enzyme Inhibition (In50) as a Method of Standardizing Commercial Preparations of the δ-Endotoxin

The ability of solubilized Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner δ-endotoxin to inhibit bovine pancreatic trypsin was used to determine the toxicity of preparations. When the In50 causing enzymatic inhibition in larval silkworm, Bombyx mori (L.), was plotted on graph paper as the ordinate and the lethal dose (LD50) at 72 hours after oral injection of the δ-endotoxin was plotted as the abscissa, the relationship was found to produce a straight line that can be used to predict the LD50 for silkworm where the In50 of a preparation has been determined.
Archaeological investigation of the Court Kiva in Chaco Canyon using geophysical methods

In this talk, we present results from geophysical investigations, including DC resistivity, FEM, and magnetic method conducted within Chaco Culture National Historical Park. In particular, we focus on data gathered within the plaza of one of the great houses, Chetro Ketl, in search of a buried kiva. The Court Kiva, as it is referred to, is known to be buried within the plaza region of Chetro Ketl from early archaeological excavations. However, following its infill and the passage of time, its location, boundary, depth and depth extent have been lost. Using geophysical methods, we have confirmed the existence and identified the location of this missing kiva. We have also gained valuable insight into the predicted geophysical responses of these desired archaeological targets for broader and ongoing investigations within the Park.
Insight into the packing pattern of β2 fibrils: a model study of glutamic acid rich oligomers with 13C isotopic edited vibrational spectroscopy.

Polyglutamic acid at low pH forms aggregates and self-assembles into a spiral, fibril-like superstructure formed as a β2-type sheet conformation that has a more compact intersheet packing than comm...
Dry Etching and Impurity Diffusion for Integrated Optoelectronics

In this paper the state-of-the-art in the use of dry etching for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices will be briefly reviewed, and to a lesser extent, the use of impurity-induced-disordering in these same structures will be discussed. In both instances, the author will rely heavily upon results from his own laboratory. This is being done in the interest of saving time and effort, although clearly at the risk of omitting some very important contributions from many others.
Multiple-Antenna Transmission With Limited Feedback in Device-to-Device Networks

We consider an overlay device-to-device network, where each multiple-antenna transmitter sends data to a designated single-antenna receiver by using maximum ratio transmission based on limited feedback, and their locations are modeled by a homogeneous Poisson point process. We obtain a lower bound on the optimum number of feedback bits that maximizes net spectral efficiency , capturing the overall system gain of using limited feedback. Our main finding is that the optimum number of feedback bits scales linearly with the number of transmit antennas and logarithmically with the channel coherence time and the inverse of the node density.
Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor I and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 and -3 in women with regular menstrual cycles.

Objective To investigate the cyclic changes of serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and IGFBP-3 levels during ovulatory menstrual cycle. Design A prospective study following a preset protocol. Setting A tertiary-care academic medical center. Participants Thirty young female adults with regular menstrual cycles were recruited (18 with normal luteal phase and 12 with inadequate luteal function confirmed by serum P levels). Main Outcome Measures Serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 from women with regular menstrual cycles were assayed. Circulating E 2 and P levels also were determined to certify the ovulatory cycles. Results In women with normal luteal function, there was a peak of serum IGFBP-1 levels before ovulation concomitant with the preovulatory E 2 peak. The nadir of serum IGFBP-1 levels was in the midluteal phase. Circulating IGFBP-1 elevated rapidly during late luteal phase and reached a peak on the 1st day of menstruation then declined slightly until a preovulatory IGFBP-1 peak occurred. In women with inadequate luteal function (midluteal serum levels of P Conclusions The preovulatory increase in serum IGFBP-1 levels may be of follicular origin and associated with the subsequent luteal function in females with ovulatory cycles. However, the involvement of IGFBP-1 in the process of follicular maturation and luteogenesis, as well as the regulation of luteal function, needs to be explored further.
Mimickers of hand infections

A variety of local or systemic conditions may mimic an infectious process in the hand and upper extremities. Familiarity with these conditions is important so that appropriate diagnosis and management may ensue. Most of the conditions presented in this article may be successfully managed nonsurgically; however, certain conditions such as the extravasation of a chemotherapy agent or retained foreign body require surgical intervention.
The Right Stimulation of the Right Circuits: Merging Understanding of Brain Stimulation Mechanisms and Systems Neuroscience for Effective Neuromodulation in Children

Abstract Brain stimulation holds the promise of being able to target specific circuits for assessment or repair. In order to fulfill this promise, we need to know which neural circuits can restore lost function after injury and how electrical stimulation interacts with those circuits. To this end, we present three examples of how brain stimulation interacts with neural circuits. First, we discuss deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. We argue that what makes this protocol successful is the interaction between knowledge of basal ganglia circuits and focal stimulation. Next, we discuss the neural circuits that control the impaired side of the body in children with hemiparesis. Since the controlling brain regions can differ between children, this presents the challenge of choosing the right circuit for stimulation. Finally, we compare different modalities of stimulation for motor cortex, in order to choose the right kind of stimulation to create the desired change.
Software analytics and its application in practice.

A huge wealth of data exists in software life cycle, and hidden in the data is information about the quality of software and services as well as the dynamics of software development. With various analytical and computing technologies, software analytics is to obtain insightful and actionable information for data-driven tasks in engineering software and services. In this chapter, we discuss the different aspects of software analytics, and we also share our lessons learned when putting software analytics into practice.
High-Risk Markers for Asphyxial Neonatal Seizures

The value of clinical high-risk markers in detecting neonates having seizures within the first hour of life following intrapartum asphyxia was evaluated in term infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
Functional Output of the Basal Forebrain

The basal forebrain is composed of many important components, one of which is the ventral striatum including the nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle. Both neuroanatomical and behavioral studies have provided important evidence implicating the ventral striatum as an interface between the limbic system and the extrapyramidal motor system (Kelley and Stinus, 1984; Heimer and Wilson, 1975; Mogenson and Nielson, 1984a). The ventral striatum receives allocortical projections from the hippocampus and amygdala (Kelley and Domesick, 1982), and a major dopaminergic projection from the ventral midbrain, especially the region of the ventral tegmental area. The availability of reliable behavioral measures and powerful neuropharmacological probes has allowed substantial progress to be made in the understanding of the functional significance of the ventral striatum and its circuitry.
(Ad/f,g/), (ad/fg/) and locally (ad/f,g/) invariant and controllability distributions

Over the past decade, it has been found that concepts from differential topology such as foliation and invariant distribution play a crucial role in the study of nonlinear systems. These concepts were first employed in studies of nonlinear controllability and observability. More recently, they have occurred in the study of decoupling and linearization via feedback. In connection with the widening area of application, requirements for a greater precision have arisen. The present paper represents an attempt to provide that precision. In this paper, an introduction is given of the basic concepts which are needed for an understanding of controllability, observability, and decoupling of nonlinear systems. Attention is given to mathematical preliminaries, aspects of invariance, nonlinear controllability and observability, disturbance decoupling, and controllability distributions.