cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Successful repair of injury to posterior ascending aorta without cardiopulmonary bypass.

An extensive laceration of the posterior ascending aorta is presented. Direct repair was not possible and cardiopulmonary bypass was not available. Successful repair was achieved by left ventricular-femoral bypass with the TDMAC-heparin shunt and temporary total occlusion of the ascending aorta.
Injuries of the knee associated with fractures of the tibial shaft. Detection by examination under anesthesia: A prospective study

Ligamentous injuries of the ipsilateral knee have been documented in association with 25 to 35 percent of fractures of the femoral shaft. However, to our knowledge, a similar association between ligamentous injuries of the knee and fracture of the tibial shaft has not been studied prospectively. To determine if there was such an association, a prospective study was conducted in which the knees of fifty patients who had a fracture of the ipsilateral tibial shaft of varying severity were examined manually while the patient was under general anesthesia. Eleven patients (22 percent) were found to have sustained an injury to at least one ligament of the knee that resulted in increased laxity of 2+ or more. One knee had dislocated. On the basis of the results of this study, we believe that, after stabilization of a fracture of the tibial shaft, it is essential to examine the knee thoroughly to identify any associated ligamentous injuries.
The impact of pressure and fluid property variation on well performance of liquid-rich Eagle Ford shale

Abstract The Eagle Ford Shale presents a unique opportunity to assess the effect of wide-ranging fluid properties and pressure on well performance across a single shale play. Thermal maturity, depth, and pressure vary significantly across the Eagle Ford. Reservoir and fluid property variations impact production performance and complicate decline analysis. In addition, operational decisions and facilities limitations further complicate analysis of well performance. Numerous case studies have focused on local parameters for production analysis, such as geometry and conductivity of hydraulic fractures. Few have addressed field-wide parameters like fluid properties and pressure variations.
National Populism and Fascism: Blood and Soil against Globalization

Parallel but opposed to the globalist visions of liberalism and Marxism, the rejection of the global has a long history. This chapter examines anti-globalization positions articulated on the right end of the political spectrum. It traces the development of these ideas from the long tradition of European anti-universalism while also identifying new conceptual and rhetorical shifts espoused by parties, movements and intellectuals representing national populist and fascist thought.
The Northern Ireland Conflict: Issues and Interpretations

My aim here is not to make yet another contribution to the already swollen numbers of academic analyses of Northern Ireland. Nor do I claim that what follows is in any way a comprehensive review of the conflict there. I wish merely to sketch an overview of those elements of the conflict which are most pertinent to the argument I want to develop in later chapters. There are many excellent analyses already in existence, and I will simply enlist the help of extant scholarly work, rather than try to replace it with further analysis.
Prisoner of love: sexual violence on Thai television

ABSTRACTSexual violence is prevalent as a plot device in Thai primetime television dramas, called lakhon. In the dramas, it is common for the hero to rape the heroine as part of a plot in which the two are fated to be together. The act of rape, and sexual violence more generally, is contextualized by narratives and ethical frameworks that make sexual violence comprehensible and legitimate. Gender violence is grounded in historical notions of sexual authority that deny female sexual agency. Thai lakhon, being the main form of televised domestic entertainment in Thailand, represent a critical element in the regulation of gendered forms of behavior and contribute to a culture in which women are subject to judgment and punishment.
Quasi-Static Control of Whole-Arm Motions with FES

This paper introduces a quasi-static method for controlling reaching movements of a paralyzed human arm using FES. A subject-specific model was estimated from experimental data collected from a single subject with a high cervical spinal cord injury who uses a functional electrical stimulation neuroprosthesis. We tested a controller based on this model that maps desired shoulder and elbow joint positions to muscle stimulation commands. The controller tracked the desired lateral direction of hand movements well but did not track forward/backward or vertical movements well. The lateral position of the hand was not greatly affected by the direction of movement given identical stimulation commands, which supports the hypothesis that velocity information is not required for tracking slow hand movements.
Development of an open-source cosimulation method of the knee

Rigid body dynamics and soft tissue loads are solved simultaneously in a cosimulation framework to couple musculoskeletal dynamics and tissue mechanics. The goal of this work was to implement a validated, open-source cosimulation framework of the knee to determine how this coupling affects computed cartilage loads. The kinematic knee joint of a generic whole body model in the open-source software OpenSim was replaced by a previously developed discrete element knee model that consisted of a six degree of freedom (dof) tibiofemoral joint and one dof patellofemoral joint. A serial approach was initially used to estimate muscle forces and cartilage contact loads for a simple flexion movement. Then, a cosimulation framework was implemented for a simple knee flexion movement in which neuromusculoskeletal dynamics and knee mechanics were simultaneously solved using a computed muscle control (CMC) algorithm. This work highlights that the choice of computation method and the precise acquisition of all the dofs of the knee are important factors to consider when estimating soft tissue loads.
Feasibility and Learning Curve of Robotic Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Surgery in Gynecology

Abstract Single-site laparoscopy has proven to be a desirable option for patients undergoing gynecologic surgery, with some studies indicating improved cosmesis and less perioperative pain compared with standard approaches. This study describes the safety and feasibility of a novel robotic laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (R-LESS) platform as it is incorporated into a surgeon's practice with extensive multiport robotic surgical experience but limited LESS experience. We reviewed 83 women undergoing R-LESS by a single surgeon from September 2013 through August 2015. Operative times (total operative time, console time, docking time) were collected prospectively for the first 53 cases, and total operative time was collected retrospectively for the next 30 cases. Clinical parameters, including age, estimated blood loss, body mass index (BMI), prior abdominal surgeries, conversion to laparotomy, procedure type, uterine weight, length of hospital stay, and complications, were retrospectively collected from medical charts. Eighty-two of 83 surgeries were completed successfully with a single incision. One surgery was converted to multiport robotics for para-aortic lymph node dissection. Twelve surgeries were performed for cancer (ovary 1, uterus 8, and cervix 3). Eight patients underwent pelvic lymph node biopsy. The median total operative time for hysterectomies was 128 minutes (range, 60–275). After the first 13 hysterectomies the total operative time and the console time decreased significantly from 165.3 to 131.1 minutes (p = .032) and from 84.9 to 57.1 minutes (p = .028), respectively. Mean docking time halved from 7.8 minutes to 3.4 minutes comparing the first 10 cases to the last 10 cases. Surgical times were longer with larger BMIs, but the console time decreased with experience regardless of BMI. The mean uterine weight was 164 g (range, 30–460). Complications included 2 umbilical hernias (2.4%) and 1 conversion to multiport. In conclusion, R-LESS is a feasible and safe surgical platform for gynecologic procedures. A small number of cases are needed to significantly improve operative times when it is introduced on a surgeon's practice with limited experience in LESS but familiar with robotic surgery. Further study is needed to investigate the cost, benefits, and long-term outcomes of R-LESS.
Model Studies of the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of an Erythrocyte. III Drag and Lift in Erythrocyte-Erythrocyte Interactions

The sweeping of a rigid erythrocyte model past a stationary one has been studied by means of model tests at low Reynolds numbers in a glycerine-filled towing tank.
The S.S. Maverick and the Unraveling of a Global Conspiracy

On June 28, 1915, the British consul general in Batavia, W.R.D. Beckett, received a telegram from Admiral Martyn Jerram in Singapore with the urgent news that the Maverick , an American-made steamship, was headed for the Dutch territory of Anjer (Anyer) near the Sunda Strait in west Java. The Maverick , Jerram believed, was loaded with arms and ammunition, which were intended for transshipment to India to fuel the revolutionary movement. Beckett immediately notified all of the British vice consuls in Dutch territory to keep a sharp eye out for the vessel or any information pertaining to it. The next day, he wrote a letter to the Dutch General Secretary in the East Indies, notifying him of the ship's expected arrival and adding that the ship had been chartered in San Francisco by a German and was owned by a German firm. Most important, he wrote, “she is believed to have on board large quantities of rifles and ammunition which she shipped from an American schooner off the coast of Mexico.” Beckett requested that the Dutch place a strict watch on its ports and asked authorities to keep him informed regarding its whereabouts. The Dutch authorities acted immediately on this threat. Governor General A.F.W. Idenburg and Vice Admiral F. Pinke were both concerned about the implications such a plan would have on Dutch neutrality if weapons of war were exchanged in its territories. Not only that, following on the heels of a May 31 letter from Beckett conveying a rumor that Germans in the East Indies were attempting to arm the German merchant ship Roon for an unspecified purpose, Idenburg could not completely dismiss the idea that the weapons supposedly aboard the Maverick were intended to arm Germans living in the colony for an eventual takeover of the Indies rather than for Indian revolutionaries. Idenburg and Pinke instructed authorities in all Dutch ports to keep a close eye on moored German ships and then sent Dutch ships out to search for the Maverick . After a series of misadventures, the Maverick did indeed end up in the Dutch East Indies port of Tanjung Priok, where it was detained for the duration of the war.
Corporate Social Responsibility as Competitive Advantage.

With Corporate Social Responsibility’s (CSR) widespread proliferation comes the risk of its own redundancy as managers emulate perceivably best practice campaigns. This paper offers a theoretical e...
Bicycle justice and urban transformation: biking for all?

Bicycling has historically accounted for a substantially smaller proportion of trips than cars, public transportation, and walking in most places of the United States. Yet it has gained tremendous ...
Gene-Environment Interactions

Gene-environment interactions , Gene-environment interactions , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Modeling Materials: Design for Planetary Entry, Electric Aircraft, and Beyond

NASA missions push the limits of what is possible. The development of high-performance materials must keep pace with the agency's demanding, cutting-edge applications. Researchers at NASA's Ames Research Center are performing multiscale computational modeling to accelerate development times and further the design of next-generation aerospace materials. Multiscale modeling combines several computationally intensive techniques ranging from the atomic level to the macroscale, passing output from one level as input to the next level. These methods are applicable to a wide variety of materials systems. For example: (a) Ultra-high-temperature ceramics for hypersonic aircraft-we utilized the full range of multiscale modeling to characterize thermal protection materials for faster, safer air- and spacecraft, (b) Planetary entry heat shields for space vehicles-we computed thermal and mechanical properties of ablative composites by combining several methods, from atomistic simulations to macroscale computations, (c) Advanced batteries for electric aircraft-we performed large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of advanced electrolytes for ultra-high-energy capacity batteries to enable long-distance electric aircraft service; and (d) Shape-memory alloys for high-efficiency aircraft-we used high-fidelity electronic structure calculations to determine phase diagrams in shape-memory transformations. Advances in high-performance computing have been critical to the development of multiscale materials modeling. We used nearly one million processor hours on NASA's Pleiades supercomputer to characterize electrolytes with a fidelity that would be otherwise impossible. For this and other projects, Pleiades enables us to push the physics and accuracy of our calculations to new levels.
Composition Factors Predicting Forage Digestibility by Horses

Abstract Forages play a key role in the equine diet; however, assessing the feeding value of forages through in vivo digestibility studies is costly and time-consuming. The ability to evaluate feeding value through a model relating chemical composition to forage digestibility could be a useful tool in the equine industry. The objective of this study was to relate forage chemical composition to in vivo dry matter digestibility (DMD) using previously published data, with the expectation that forage DMD would be most significantly related to neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content of the forage. Simple linear regression results indicated more variation in forage digestibility was explained by NDF and crude protein (CP) concentrations than ADF (r2 = 0.6017, 0.5402, and 0.4643, respectively). The best two-variable model for equine forage DMD was related to NDF and CP concentrations (DMD = 65.81 + 0.7207 × CP − 0.3514 × NDF; DM basis; P
Oxidative degradation of monoethanolamine in CO2 capture: O2 Mass transfer

Publisher Summary This chapter examines the rate of oxidative degradation of monoethanolamine (MEA) under conditions typical of a CO2 capture process. Experiments examined the effects of amine concentration, CO2 loading, O2 concentration, and agitation rate at 55°C. As per the results, the degradation rates are managed by NH3 evolution rates physical absorption rate of O2 and NH3. Various degradation experiments were performed using LCI (Low Chloride-Iron) grade monoethanolamine, which is greater than 99.9% purity and contains less than 31 ppbm Fe. Metal catalysts, which are brought from Fischer Scientific as FeS04x7 H2O and CUSO4X5 H2O, were injected directly into the reactors as aqueous solutions. All solutions were made gravimetrically using de-ionized water. Degradation rates were quantified by measuring the rate of NH3 evolution from the amine solutions using FT-IR analysis.. The degradation rates showed a weak dependence on the metal catalysts, indicating a mass transfer limitation. Finally, the maximum rates reported in this experiment as well as the rates reported in the literature were correlated with the space time. Previous studies were re-examined and compared to the current study and they appeared to have been performed under conditions that were mass transfer limited.
Selective ortho C-H Activation of Pyridines Directed by Lewis Acidic Boron of PBP Pincer Iridium Complexes.

Transition-metal mediated C–H functionalization has emerged as a powerful method in the chemistry relevant to the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and advanced materials. Because organic molecules typically contain multiple types of C–H bonds, selective C–H functionalization is a major ongoing challenge. C–H activation of heteroatom-containing organics has often been approached via the use of the directing effect, whereby the coordination to the basic heteroatom directs the reactive metal center to a specific C–H bond. We now report a different approach where the nitrogen donor in pyridine derivatives coordinates to an ancillary Lewis acidic boryl ligand directly attached to the metal (iridium) center, as opposed to the metal itself. This topology directs the iridium center to activate a different C–H bond than in the cases of directing donor coordination to the metal. Using this strategy, we demonstrate ortho-regiospecific C–H activation of pyridines and an example of the subsequent functiona...
Adherence to colonoscopy at 1 year following resection of localized colon cancer: a retrospective cohort study:

Background:For patients with stages I-III colon cancer who have undergone surgical resection, guidelines recommend surveillance colonoscopy at 1 year. However, limited data exist on adherence and a...
WEAKLY CONTRACTIVE MAPPING IN PARTIAL METRIC SPACE

Contractive mapping is one kind of mapping that guarantees a fixed point in a metric space Many experts has developed this kind of mapping to show the existence of a fixed point such as Kannan mapping and Chatterjea Contractive mapping. In this study, we will show the weakly contractive mapping to show the existence of fixed point in the partial metric space
Accumulation of Gadolinium in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid after Gadobutrol-enhanced MR Imaging: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Our findings demonstrate that intravenous administration of gadobutrol is associated with immediate and persistent accumulation of gadolinium in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Cellular recording devices imprint the history of the cell.

Technologies such as proteomics provide a snapshot of a specific cellular state but are unable to directly record successive signalling events. Two new CRISPR-mediated analogue multi-event recording apparatus (CAMERA) systems enable sequential recording of endogenous and exogenous signalling events by targeted DNA modifications, thereby allowing systematic interrogation of different cellular states.
Optimizing the Topology of Tendon-Driven Fingers: Rationale, Predictions and Implementation

Tendon-driven mechanisms in general, and tendon-driven fingers in particular, are ubiquitous in nature, and are an important class of bio-inspired mechatronic systems. However, the mechanical complexity of tendon-driven systems has hindered our understanding of biological systems and the optimization of the design, performance, control, and construction of mechatronic systems. Here we apply our recently-developed analytical approach to tendon-driven systems [1] to describe a novel, systematic approach to analyze and optimize the routing of tendons for force-production capabilities of a reconfigurable 3D tendon-driven finger. Our results show that these capabilities could be increased by up to 277 % by rerouting tendons and up to 82 % by changing specific pulley sizes for specific routings. In addition, we validate these large gains in performance experimentally. The experimental results for 6 implemented tendon routings correlated very highly with theoretical predictions with an \( R^{2} \) value of 0.987, and the average effect of unmodeled friction decreased performance an average of 12 %. We not only show that, as expected, functional performance can be highly sensitive to tendon routing and pulley size, but also that informed design of fingers with fewer tendons can exceed the performance of some fingers with more tendons. This now enables the systematic simplification and/or optimization of the design and construction of novel robotic/prosthetic fingers. Lastly, this design and analysis approach can now be used to model complex biological systems such as the human hand to understand the synergistic nature of anatomical structure and neural control.
Passavant’s Ridge

Passavant’s ridge is a much misunderstood and controversial pharyngeal structure. In 1863 and 1869, Gustav Passavant (1,2) reported his observations of a transverse bulge on the posterior pharyngeal wall in a patient with an unrepaired cleft palate. Passavant believed this bulge to be essential for normal speech: This “cross-roll” is of the greatest importance for speech; it has nothing to do with cleft palate and is a physiological process. For every word we speak it is an essential condition for normal pronunciation as it produces closure of the palate; otherwise a nasal pronunciation occurs (2).
Taxation and the Philosophy of Frédéric Bastiat

Frederic Bastiat (1801-1850) was an economist and journalist. A member of the French Liberal School, he is best known for his free trade ideas and his philosophy of law. Mark Blaug ranks him as one of the 100 greatest economists before Keynes. Schumpeter called him a brilliant economic journalist. Haney devoted a chapter of his History of Economic Thought to Bastiat.Although Bastiat is known for his work on free trade and the philosophy of law, he also wrote on other topics. To date, no one has examined his views on taxation. The purpose of this paper is to fill that gap in the literature. A bibliography with links to other Bastiat studies is also included.
Practice with Culturally Diverse Families of Young Children with Disabilities

Young children from racial minority groups are at higher risk for disabilities and developmental delay as a result of conditions associated with poverty. The authors discuss principles that guide c...
Multi-Antenna SAR Estimationin Linear Time

Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is a measure used by regulatory agencies for determining the exposure safety compliance of portable wireless transmitting devices. For devices with multiple transmitter chains operating at a single frequency, determining compliance is complicated by the fact that testing needs to cover all possible combinations of transmissions from all antennas. We give a compliance test of multi-antenna devices with measurement time which is linear in the number of antennas N. The proposed test requires 7N −12 measurements per probe location for N ≥ 3, independently of the number and type of transmitted signals. We evaluate the performance of the proposed test for noisy SAR measurements.
4D-Var Data Assimilation for Navy Mesoscale NWP

Abstract : The long-term goal of this Rapic Transition Process (RTP) project is to provide the warfighter with superior battlespace environmental awareness in terms of high fidelity four-dimensional (4D) depiction of the regional/mesoscale atmospheric states. This situational awareness is a key aspect of information superiority in the DoD s strategic plan to ensure battlespace dominance in the 21st century. This goal is to be accomplished by providing COAMPS with the best possible initial condition through the development and use of a next generation mesoscale atmospheric 4D variational (4D-Var) data assimilation system, COAMPS /NAVDAS-AR (Accelerated Representer), or COAMPS -AR for short.
False Universals and the Science of Religion: Max Müller and the Episteme of Cosmopolitan Imperialism

Faith has within it a malignant principle.—Ludwig Feuerbach, The Essence of ChristianityFor scholars who have a special appetite for both European and Asian philosophy, the legacy of Friedrich Max ...
Minimax Outside the Top-5

Is the behavior of people consistent with the predictions of the Nash equilibrium and, in particular, the minimax theorem? This paper explores how close is the behavior of not-so-skilled and not-so-experienced professional players to the minimax predictions in a natural setting. In particular, I test the hypotheses that, first, success rates are the same across strategies for all the players, and, second, strategic choices of both opponents do not demonstrate inertia and are serially independent. To address the question, I use a novel dataset on the universe of penalty kicks performed by the professional players representing a soccer league of moderate quality. I show that the behavior of players is broadly consistent with the predictions of the minimax theorem despite the lower quality of the league.
Mathematics Contests and Mathletes.

WHAT activities are available for the mathematically talented students in your school? Do you have a mathematics club to discuss unusual mathematical problems? Many states have mathematics contests, such as the Annual High School Mathe matics Examination, in which a simple general test is given. In the south suburban area of Chicago, there is currently a conference of twenty schools involved in mathematics contests that have several unique features. Approx imately twenty-five to forty students from each of the schools, at all grade levels, com pete in the contests. Six contests are held a year, and the contestants compete openly with other schools rather than against a set of standardized scores. There are four levels of written competi tion, which are open to everyone. They range from freshman topics through the gamut of secondary mathematics to senior topics such as conic sections and limits. The contests, however, have another unique feature?oral competition. For each contest, three topics are selected for this area of competition, which demands a strong understanding of mathematics (the contestants are generally the elite mathematicians in the school). Topics at this level vary from Boolean algebra to vec tor spaces. Since this level involves an oral presenta tion, the problems are necessarily different. The topic is usually restricted to a single reference, and the student knows of the general content several weeks before the contest. At the contest itself, the contes tants are given the questions ten minutes before their presentations. Students have ten minutes to present their discussion of the questions. Their presentations are evaluated by two judges in four general areas: presentation, clarity, correctness, and knowledge of subject. Examples of problems included in the oral presentation can be found in Excur sions into Mathematics, by Anatole Beck et al. (New York: Worth, 1969):
Effect of Durotomy versus Myelotomy on Tissue Sparing and Functional Outcome after Spinal Cord Injury.

Various surgical strategies have been developed to alleviate elevated intraspinal pressure (ISP) following acute traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI). Surgical decompression of either the dural (dur...
Loneliness as a Downstream Concern in a Pandemic (and Post-Pandemic) World

As the COVID-19 pandemic struck in early 2020, much of the world went into “lockdown” mode. Though jurisdictions differed on the intensity of their restrictions, nearly every city, state, and organization implemented limitations on physical interaction. The multitude of daily face-to-face
The Dynamics of General Relativity

This article--summarizing the authors' then novel formulation of General Relativity--appeared as Chapter 7 of an often cited compendium edited by L. Witten in 1962, which is now long out of print. Intentionally unretouched, this posting is intended to provide contemporary accessibility to the flavor of the original ideas. Some typographical corrections have been made: footnote and page numbering have changed--but not section nor equation numbering etc. The authors' current institutional affiliations are encoded in: arnowitt@physics.this http URL, deser@brandeis.edu, misner@physics.this http URL .
Wideband Miniaturized Dual-Polarized TEM Horn

Analysis and design of a miniaturized wideband dual-polarized transverse electromagnetic (TEM) horn antenna is presented in this work. Miniaturization is achieved by combining the dual-polarized TEM horn with a collocated loop antenna routed behind the former. The TEM horn and loop geometries are engineered to excite their fundamental TM and TE spherical modes coherently and improve the performance at the low frequency end. Good impedance match and gain are demonstrated over greater than 3 octave bandwidth.
Real data-driven occupant-behavior optimization for reduced energy consumption and improved comfort

Abstract A significant amount of energy can be saved through improving occupant behavior. However, implementing energy-saving behavioral changes requires careful consideration based on real-life data to avoid sacrificing comfort. Towards addressing this need, this paper proposes a real data-driven method to assess the potential of occupant-behavior improvements in simultaneously reducing energy consumption and enhancing comfort. The proposed method consists of two main components: (1) machine learning-based occupant-behavior-sensitive models for real data-driven prediction of cooling and lighting energy consumption and thermal and visual occupant comfort; and (2) a genetic algorithm-based optimization model, which uses the machine-learning models to compute the energy consumption and occupant comfort and accordingly optimizes occupant behavior for reduced energy consumption and improved comfort. The proposed method was tested on real data collected from an office building. The experimental results showed potential behavioral energy savings in the range of 11–22%, with a significant improvement in occupant comfort.
Promoting teen-to-teen contraceptive communication with the SpeakOut intervention, a cluster randomized trial

Abstract Background To improve teen contraceptive use, the SpeakOut intervention combines structured counseling, online resources, and text reminders to encourage teens to share their experiences using intrauterine contraception (IUC) or an implant with peers. Methods To evaluate the effectiveness of remote delivery of the SpeakOut intervention in increasing teen contraceptive use, we conducted a cluster randomized trial involving female adolescents who were recruited online. Primary participants (n = 520) were randomly assigned to receive SpeakOut or an attention control; each primary participant recruited a cluster of up to 5 female peers as secondary participants (n = 581). We assessed contraceptive communication, knowledge, and use, at baseline, 3 and 9 months after participants enrolled. We examined differences between study groups, controlling for clustering by primary participant and baseline characteristics. Results The trial's primary outcome, contraceptive use by secondary participants, was similar between groups at both 3 and 9 months postintervention. Compared to controls, primary participants receiving SpeakOut tended to be less likely to discontinue contraception within 9 months (4.8% vs 7.8%, p = 0.11 for IUC; 7.8% vs 9.8%, p = 0.45 for implants), but this did not reach statistical significance. SpeakOut failed to increase contraceptive communication; regardless of study group, most secondary participants reported peer communication about contraception (86% vs 88%, p = 0.57). Most secondary participants were aware of the hormonal IUC (91.4% vs 90.4%, p = 0.72), copper IUC (92.9% vs 88.6%, p = 0.13), and implant (96.5% vs 96.1%, p = 0.83) 3 months after enrolling, regardless of the intervention their primary participant received. However, contraceptive knowledge remained incomplete in all study groups. Conclusion Remote delivery of the SpeakOutintervention did not improve contraceptive communication, knowledge or use among participating teens or their peers. Implications Efforts to support teen-to-teen contraceptive communication and ensure that teens have accurate information about the full range of contraceptive methods, including highly effective reversible contraceptives, require refinement.
Corrigendum to “On the construction of weakly Ulrich bundles” [Adv. Math. 381 (2021) 107598]

Abstract This note corrects a mistake in [3, Theorem 4.1] . The error noted here does not affect any other results of [3] . To correct the error, here I prove a more general result ( Theorem 3.1 ) and deduce Theorem 3.3 and also the correct version of the previously announced theorem in Theorem 3.4 . Theorem 3.5 supplements Theorem 3.3 . In it, I prove that if k is an algebraically closed field of characteristic p ≥ 3 and X / k is any smooth, projective, minimal surface of general type and with Pic ( X ) = Z , then for all integers r ≥ 5 , X is embedded as a smooth surface by its pluricanonical linear system X ↪ | ω X r | , and E = F ⁎ ( ω X r + 1 ) ( 1 ) is an almost Ulrich bundle for the pluricanonical embedding X ↪ | ω X r | of X and for the ample line bundle provided by this embedding. Corollary 3.6 generalizes [3, Theorem 3.1] .
“We're Good at Tennis, Soccer… and Organ Donation”: The Spanish organ procurement organization as a producer of national identity discourses (2017–2020)

Abstract Spain is the global leader in organ donation and transplantation since 1992, an achievement that has become a source of national pride, in a country where national symbols are heavily contested. In this article I demonstrate that Spain's organ procurement organization is an active producer of national identity discourses oriented to increasing the legitimacy of the Spanish national project and generating affective adherence to the state institutions. Through a qualitative analysis of 43 press releases, 27 media interviews, 3200 tweets, and 35 YouTube videos, I show that the organization reproduces Spain as a frame of reference, redefines the bonds and boundaries of the national community by linking them to the circulation of organs, and attributes positive moral values to Spain's citizenry. It highlights Spain's internal unity, presenting organ procurement as a national enterprise that binds together different social actors and territories in a common project. It also leverages Spain's success in this area to depict the country as a global exemplar comparable to its neighbors in Western and Northern Europe. My study contributes to a better understanding of contemporary Spanish national identity discourses and raises theoretical questions about the role of alternative sources of national identity in countries with histories of conflict around national narratives and symbols.
Characterizing Low Flows Using Threshold Levels

This note has outlined a technique of presenting low flow data which is applicable in situations where duration of flow below a critical threshold is an important parameter. Many aspects of this technique remain to be explored, such as using a partial series and applying a probability distribution to extreme value runs. However, even in its simplest form as presented here, it may prove meaningful to water resource planners.
A Radio Frequency Size Effect in Gallium

The effects observed when the surface impedance of a metal in a magnetic field is measured at relatively low radio frequencies have been shown to be effective tools for the study of the Fermi surface of a number of metals.1–3 Perhaps the most direct results of the various experiments were obtained by Gantmakher in measurements of size-dependent surface impedance anomalies in thin samples.2
Family Art Therapy: Foundations of Theory and Practice

Introduction. Family Art Images in Historical and Social Perspectives. The Development of Family Art Therapy. Object Relations and Attachment: The Creativity of Mother and Child in a Single Parent Family. Bowenian Family Therapy and Family Art Therapy. Structural Family Art Therapy. Experiential Family Therapy. Adlerian Family Art Therapy. Filial Family Art Therapy. Narrative Art Therapy Within a Multicultural Framework. Conclusion.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON SODIUM PLUGGING IN NARROW FLOW CHANNELS

A series of experiments was performed to investigate the potential for plugging of narrow flow channels of sodium by impurities (e.g., oxides). In the first phase of the experiments, clean sodium was circulated through the test sections simulating flow channels in a compact diffusion-bonded heat exchanger such as a printed circuit heat exchanger. The primary objective was to see if small channels whose cross sections are semicircles of 2, 4, and 6 mm in diameter are usable in liquid sodium applications where sodium purity is carefully controlled. It was concluded that the 2-mm channels, the smallest of the three, could be used in clean sodium systems at temperatures even as low as 100 to 110°C without plugging. In the second phase, sodium oxide was added to the loop, and the oxygen concentration in the liquid sodium was controlled by means of varying the cold-trap temperature. Intentional plugging was induced by creating a cold spot in the test sections, and the subsequent plugging behavior was observed. It was found that plugging in the 2-mm test section was initiated by lowering the cold spot temperature below the cold-trap temperature by 10 to 30°C. Unplugging of the plugged channels was accomplished by heating the affected test section.
Durkheim, The Durkheimians and the Arts

The editors of Durkheim, The Durkheimians and the Arts, ask how come the benign neglect of the arts in the sociological curriculum? They consider Durkheim and his followers as source of a tradition that needs to be investigated. Their focus is on the post-WWI Durkheimians, led by Marcel Mauss and his pupils.
Clinical challenges of fMRI

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has revolutionized clinical brain mapping and has become the predominant functional neuroimaging technique since its original report by Belliveau and colleagues.1 The appeal of fMRI is attributable to several advantages that it offers over other functional neuroimaging techniques. Functional MRI is non-invasive; it is a rapid technique that offers the opportunity for repeated measurements of the same task to investigate response consistency, to compare activations across tasks, and to measure change over time.
Memory bias in the temporal bisection point.

The ability to time intervals confers organisms, including humans, with many remarkable capabilities. A common method for studying interval timing is classification, in which a subject must indicate whether a given sample interval is nearer a previously learned short or long reference interval. This task is designed to reveal the sample interval that is equally likely to be labeled as short or long, known as the temporal bisection point. Studies have found that this bisection point is influenced by a variety of factors including the ratio of the target intervals, the spacing of the sample intervals, the modalities of the stimuli, the attentional load, and the inter-trial duration. While several of these factors are thought to be mediated by memory effects, the prototypical classification task affords no opportunity to measure these effects directly. Here, we present a novel bisection task, termed the “Bisection by Classification and Production” (BiCaP) task, in which classification trials are interleaved with trials in which subjects must produce either the short or long referents or their midpoint. Using this method, we found a significant correlation between the means of the remembered referents and the bisection points for both classification and production trials. We then cross-validated the bisection points for production and classification trials by showing that they were not statistically differentiable. In addition to these population-level effects, we found within subjects evidence for co-variation across a session between the production bisection points and the means of the remembered referents. Finally, by using two sets of referent durations, we showed that only bias-corrected measures were consistent with a previously reported effect in which the ratio of the referents affects the location of the bisection point. These results argue that memory effects should be considered in temporal tasks.
Observations Concerning Pentosuria and Labile Phosphate Excretion in Muscular Dystrophy

Early attempts to confirm the presence of pentose in urine from dystrophic patients by paper chromatography were unsuccessful. We were unable to confirm these observations, employing the same methods used in the original publication. An attempt to isolate pentosazone from the urine of dystrophic patients yielded 1-phenylsemicarbazide. No significant excretion of labile organic phosphate was found in urine from either vitamin E-deficient rabbits or cholinedeficient rabbits. Column chromatographic methods were developed for the separation of pentosazones from hexosazones, and for the purification of osazones in lieu of recrystallization. Two solvent systems are described that will separate osazones from 1-phenylsemicarbazide, using ascending paper chromatography, but that do not separate osazone mixtures. Using these latter methods, it was found that pentoses were excreted in both muscular dystrophy and normal urines. Evidence is presented that explains the widely divergent results obtained by others in attempting to confirm Minot's work using the osazone test.
Social Security System of South Korea

This note describes the development of South Korea's social security system over the past several decades. The system is split into three main branches: social insurance, intended to achieve universal coverage, and social services and public aid that address the needs of the poor and vulnerable. The major programs included in the system are the National Pension, National Health Insurance, Long-Term Care Insurance, Child Care, and the National Basic Livelihood Security System. The report provides an overview of the social security system in general, the basic elements of the social insurance pillar, and details on how social services and public aid programs operate in the South Korean context.
A Polyakov Path Integral with Ghosts

We present a method for explicit evaluation of the Polyakov path integral with ghosts. The free propagator for the bosonic string, both with and without ghosts, is computed.
Characteristics of butanol fermentation by a low-acid-producing Clostridium acetobutylicum B18

Fermentation characteristics of Clostridium acetobutylicum B18 were studied in batch experiments with and without pH control. This strain is shown to be potentially useful in simultaneous acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation-separation systems because of its low acid production. In a pH-uncontrolled batch culture this strain produced mostly solvents, including 15 g/l of butanol. Ethanol production was low. Strain B18 recycled organic acids more efficiently than other strains. In particular, butyric acid was completely recycled when glucose was not limiting. Yield of liquid products (solvents plus organic acids) and carbon recovery in total products (gas plus liquid) were 33.1–36.4 wt% and 90–91 mol%, respectively, for 20–80 g/l of initial glucose. Glucose consumption and the percentage of butanol among solvents were higher at 32°C than at 37°C. Strain B18 required approximately 0.4 g/l of undissociated butyric acid at the onset of solvent production in pH-uncontrolled batch culture. The low undissociated butyric acid requirement enabled this strain to produce 13.8 g/l of butanol at a controlled pH of 6.0.
Effects of bryostatin 1 and other pharmacological activators of protein kinase C on 1-[β-d-arabinofuranosyl]cytosine-induced apoptosis in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells

Abstract We have demonstrated previously that bryostatin 1, a macrocyclic lactone with putative protein kinase C (PKC)-activating properties, synergistically augments the antileukemic actions of the deoxycytidine analog 1-[β- d -arabinofuranosyl]cytosine (ara-C) in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells (Grant et al. , Biochem Pharmacol 42 : 853–867, 1991), and that this effect appears to be related to sensitization to ara-C-induced apoptosis (Grant et al., Cancer Res 52 : 6270–6278, 1992). In the present studies, we have assessed the extent of this damage by quantitative spectrofluorophotometry of small molecular weight, double-stranded DNA fragments in order to provide: (a) a more complete characterization of the interaction between ara-C and bryostatin 1, and (b) a direct comparison of the relative effects of bryostatin 1 treatment with other pharmacological manipulations known to modulate protein kinase C activity. Exposure of cells to ara-C (10 −9 to 10 −4 M; 1–24 hr) induced time- and concentration-related increases in the extent of DNA fragmentation. Treatment with bryostatin 1 (10 −11 to 10 −7 M; 1–24 hr) alone failed to induce DNA damage, but promoted substantial time- and concentration-related increases in the extent of fragmentation induced by a subsequent 6-hr exposure to ara-C. Maximal potentiation of fragmentation (e.g. 2- to 3-fold greater than that obtained with ara-C alone) was observed following a 24-hr pretreatment with 10 −8 M or 10 −7 M bryostatin 1, and correlated closely with enhanced inhibition of HL-60 cell clonogenicity. The stage-1 tumor-promoter phorbol dibutyrate potentiated the effects of ara-C in a biphasic manner, maximally augmenting the response at 2.5 × 10 −8 M, but exerting no effect at 10 −7 M, whereas the stage-2 tumor-promoter mezerein failed to augment ara-C-related DNA fragmentation at low concentrations, and antagonized ara-C action at high concentrations. In contrast, ara-C-related DNA fragmentation was attenuated or abolished either by continual preexposure to synthetic diglyceride or by pretreatment with exogenous phospholipase C at all concentrations tested. Increased DNA fragmentation was not specifically related to recruitment of cells into S-phase or enhancement of ara-C-related cellular differentiation. Finally, concentrations of bryostatin 1 that maximally potentiated ara-C-related DNA fragmentation were associated with virtually complete down-regulation of total cellular PKC activity, whereas diglyceride and phospholipase C, which suppressed the response to ara-C, moderately increased total PKC activity. Taken together, these findings provide a quantitative basis for assessing the ability of bryostatin 1 and related compounds to potentiate ara-C-induced damage to DNA, and underscore the complex and pleiotropic effects that modulation of the PKC family of isoenzymes may exert on ara-C-related apoptosis in human leukemia cells.
Effect of caponization on cell-mediated immunity of immature cockerels.

Abstract The effect of gonadectomy was determined on cell-mediated immune response of immature male chickens. Single Comb White Leghorn males were castrated at 3 weeks of age. Response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) injection as well as graft vs. host (GvH) response were measured at 5, 10, and 15 weeks of age to evaluate cell-mediated immunity. The PHA and GvH responses were inhibited in castrated males. The results suggest that physiological levels of testosterone are needed to stimulate cell-mediated immune response in immature male chickens.
Urushiol components as mediators in DNA strand scission

Poison oak urushiol, a mixture of 3-alk(en)ylcatechol derivatives was found to mediate DNA strand scission in the presence of oxygen and with copper(II) chloride as a catalyst. The reactionis believed to occur via activated reduced oxygen produced during oxidation of the catechol into itso-quinone derivative.
A new method of esophageal dilation using Savary-Gilliard bougies

A new method of esophageal dilation has been developed for tight, firm esophageal strictures. The Savary dilating system was evaluated in 300 patients by two groups of investigators who concluded that the Savary dilators were easier to use and more efficacious than the Eder-Puestow dilators.
Chronic GVHD and concurrent new-onset nephrotic syndrome in allogeneic transplant recipients. Incidence, pattern and therapeutic outcomes

Chronic GVHD and concurrent new-onset nephrotic syndrome in allogeneic transplant recipients. Incidence, pattern and therapeutic outcomes
Shining a light on structural genomics.

Determining a 'basis set' of protein folds that represent a majority of protein structures — making use of synchrotron radiation facilities — may be possible in the near future.