cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Compensation of spectral artifacts in dual-modality intravascular optical coherence tomography and near-infrared spectroscopy (Conference Presentation)

Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high-resolution catheter-based imaging method that provides three-dimensional microscopic images of coronary artery in vivo, facilitating coronary artery disease treatment decisions based on detailed morphology. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has proven to be a powerful tool for identification of lipid-rich plaques inside the coronary walls. We have recently demonstrated a dual-modality intravascular imaging technology that integrates OCT and NIRS into one imaging catheter using a two-fiber arrangement and a custom-made dual-channel fiber rotary junction. It therefore enables simultaneous acquisition of microstructural and composition information at 100 frames/second for improved diagnosis of coronary lesions. The dual-modality OCT-NIRS system employs a single wavelength-swept light source for both OCT and NIRS modalities. It subsequently uses a high-speed photoreceiver to detect the NIRS spectrum in the time domain. Although use of one light source greatly simplifies the system configuration, such light source exhibits pulse-to-pulse wavelength and intensity variation due to mechanical scanning of the wavelength. This can be in particular problematic for NIRS modality and sacrifices the reliability of the acquired spectra. In order to address this challenge, here we developed a robust data acquisition and processing method that compensates for the spectral variations of the wavelength-swept light source. The proposed method extracts the properties of the light source, i.e., variation period and amplitude from a reference spectrum and subsequently calibrates the NIRS datasets. We have applied this method on datasets obtained from cadaver human coronary arteries using a polygon-scanning (1230-1350nm) OCT system, operating at 100,000 sweeps per second. The results suggest that our algorithm accurately and robustly compensates the spectral variations and visualizes the dual-modality OCT-NIRS images. These findings are therefore crucial for the practical application and clinical translation of dual-modality intravascular OCT-NIRS imaging when the same swept sources are used for both OCT and spectroscopy.
Transfusion of leukemic leukocytes in man; hematologic and physiologic changes.

1. Eight transfusions of leukemic blood containing up to 143 billion mononuclear cells were rapidly infused into 5 nonleukemic cancer-bearing recipients. Each transfusion was followed by a transient rise in the recipients’ leukocyte count which was less than anticipated by dye dilution methods in five experiments. The observed rise was due entirely to an increase in the mononuclear cell count. The data from two experiments were considered unreliable and were not reported with regard to the behavior of the white cells. 2. The data are interpreted as demonstrating removal of leukemic leukocytes from the recipient’s blood in the pulmonary circulation. 3. A reaction resembling anaphylaxis occurred following one transfusion of leukemic cells, and was associated with an immediate profound leukopenia. It is suggested that the sudden removal in the lesser circulation of a volume of white cells estimated at 40 cc. may have caused the severe observed respiratory and circulatory symptoms. 4. Sustained eosinophilia of unknown etiology was observed following transfusions of leukemic cells in 2 recipients. 5. Hematologic and clinical observation indicated that leukemia was not transferred to any recipient during the short period of observation that followed.
Hemoglobins and heredity. 2. Sickle cell anemia.

Patients with sickle cell anemia now survive into adulthood, and adults with the disease have problems—infarcts of various organs, cardiomegaly, postnecrotic cirrhosis and eye changes. Sickle cell trait rarely causes problems, but Hb CS and Hb C disease give rise to mild anemias.
Incidence of sperm with two fluorescent bodies in men with impaired fertility.

Objective To determine the two fluorescent body (2FLB) frequency in males with impaired fertility. Design Males of couples were evaluated along with their female partners for reproductive function. They were classified as having the potential for fertility (control group) or as infertile (test group). This was based on the evaluation of both members of the couple. Semen parameters were determined and analyzed for differences among diagnostic groups. Setting The setting was clinical secondary care in both private and institutional practice. Patients, Participants The study population was composed of males of couples who were being evaluated for infertility. Classification as to reproductive potential and categories of abnormality was based on measurement of semen parameters and clinical judgment. Interventions Semen specimens were obtained and analyzed from 78 control and 93 test subjects. Main Outcome Measures Semen parameters including volume, sperm count, sperm motility, percent morphologically abnormal sperm, and percent of quinacrine-stained sperm containing zero, one, or two FLBs were determined. Results The test group was found to have a 2FLB frequency that was significantly different from that of the control group. The data were then analyzed for significant differences in 2FLB frequencies in subpopulations. When subjects from all diagnostic subgroups that included varicocele were compared with the controls, the 2FLB frequency was significantly elevated (median percent of 2FLB was 1.2 versus 0.7). The 2FLB frequency in the remaining diagnostic groups was not elevated. Conclusions This is the first report of an elevated 2FLB frequency associated with a biological abnormality. The cause of the elevated 2FLB frequency is not known. However, other anomalies that have been identified in varicocele patients have been associated with elevated intrascrotal temperatures. There are data available that associates elevated temperature with aneuploidy in mouse oocytes.
Nonpenetrating Wounds of the Lungs and Bronchi

While many deaths are inevitable owing to extent of injury, in some cases death can be ascribed to delays of therapy, errors, and impropriety in the handling of the thoracic component of a patient’s injury. Various aspects of injuries to the lung itself and to the major bronchi are emphasized.
Ethical Dimensions of Zen Practice and Philosophy

While recognising the religiously transformative impact of Zen practice and Awakening with its facets of wisdom and compassion, some observers carry doubts about the ethical nature of Zen. These doubts tend to revolve around several aspects of the tradition: the overwhelming emphasis on Awakening as the basis of a truly ethical way of life; the apparent tension between śūnyatā and ethics; the stress on immediacy, non-discrimination and suchness; and the espousal of ‘transcending good and evil’. Using these three areas of criticism as a catalyst for discussion and as an organisational framework, this chapter considers what Zen Buddhists themselves usually advance as ethical dimensions of Zen practice and its accompanying philosophy.
Telemedicine for the Intensive Care Unit

As the healthcare sector in the United States undergoes transformation to ensure sustainability in a coming age of value-based reimbursement, an increasing number of organizations have implemented ICU telemedicine services to support population health management. TeleICU services are well positioned to address an increased demand for intensivist physician coverage, expert critical care nurse reconnaissance, compliance with standardized best practice protocols, and efficient utilization of ICU beds within a hospital network. In a centralized operations center distant from the bedside operations, board-certified intensivist physicians and critical care registered nurses remotely monitor clinical activities in real time through audio, visual, and electronic means. With software applications to enhance their population management efficiencies, teleICU clinicians monitor physiological, laboratory, pharmaceutical, and radiological data to identify and avert impending or worsening conditions that may benefit from early clinical intervention. This chapter summarizes the clinical practice of teleICU operations including the associated models of care and the performance metrics, as well as the challenges and limitations including the complex return on investment valuations.
Social Perception of Self-Enhancement Bias and Error

Abstract. How do social observers perceive and judge individuals who self-enhance (vs. not)? Using a decision-theoretic framework, we distinguish between self-enhancement bias and error, where the former comprises both correct and incorrect self-perceptions of being better than average. The latter occurs when a claim to be better than others is found to be false. In two studies, we find that when judging people’s competence, observers are sensitive to the accuracy of self-perception. When judging their morality, however, they tend to respond negatively to any claims of being better than average. These findings are further modulated by the domain of performance (intelligence vs. moral aptitude). Implications for the strategic use of self-enhancement claims are discussed.
Descent methods for elastic body simulation on the GPU

We show that many existing elastic body simulation approaches can be interpreted as descent methods, under a nonlinear optimization framework derived from implicit time integration. The key question is how to find an effective descent direction with a low computational cost. Based on this concept, we propose a new gradient descent method using Jacobi preconditioning and Chebyshev acceleration. The convergence rate of this method is comparable to that of L-BFGS or nonlinear conjugate gradient. But unlike other methods, it requires no dot product operation, making it suitable for GPU implementation. To further improve its convergence and performance, we develop a series of step length adjustment, initialization, and invertible model conversion techniques, all of which are compatible with GPU acceleration. Our experiment shows that the resulting simulator is simple, fast, scalable, memory-efficient, and robust against very large time steps and deformations. It can correctly simulate the deformation behaviors of many elastic materials, as long as their energy functions are second-order differentiable and their Hessian matrices can be quickly evaluated. For additional speedups, the method can also serve as a complement to other techniques, such as multi-grid.
Summary of the Physical and Dynamical Processes that Influence Northeast Snowstorms

Twenty severe snowstorms that affected the northeastern coast of the United States between 1955 and 1985, have been selected for study based on their extensive distribution of heavy snowfall (>25 cm) across one of the most heavily populated and industrialized regions of the world, including the metropolitan areas of New York, Washington, Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. Analyses of the surface and upperlevel fields of pressure, geopotential height, wind, and temperature, plus other selected elements described in the preceding two chapters, provide a framework for understanding the dynamical and thermodynamical processes that contribute to heavy snowfall in the northeastern United States. These analyses point out the important role of cyclogenesis, which was observed to some degree in each of the 20 snowstorms. Surface cyclogenesis involved either a primary low-pressure center or a secondary development along the Southeast or Middle Atlantic coast that tracked northeastward approximately 100 to 300 km offshore.
The Treaties of the Eastern Shawnee Tribe

Pursuant to the U.S. Constitution, treaties are "the supreme Law of the Land." Since 1795, the modern day Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma was a party to at least fifteen treaties with the United States, including one with the Confederate States of America. The chart provided here is the beginning of an in-depth look at the historical government-to-government relationship between this Tribal Nation and the United States. These agreements demonstrate the breadth of political issues these governments negotiated and resolved over an eighty year time period. Both common and unique themes of American Indian law and history are vividly portrayed in these documents.
Cytochrome P450-2E1 is involved in aging-related kidney damage in mice through increased nitroxidative stress

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1) in aging-dependent kidney damage since it is poorly understood. Young (7 weeks) and aged female (16-17 months old) wild-type (WT) and Cyp2e1-null mice were used. Kidney histology showed that aged WT mice exhibited typical signs of kidney aging such as cell vacuolation, inflammatory cell infiltration, cellular apoptosis, glomerulonephropathy, and fibrosis, along with significantly elevated levels of renal TNF-α and serum creatinine than all other groups. Furthermore, the highest levels of renal hydrogen peroxide, protein carbonylation and nitration were observed in aged WT mice. These increases in the aged WT mice were accompanied by increased levels of iNOS and mitochondrial nitroxidative stress through altered amounts and activities of the mitochondrial complex proteins and significantly reduced levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). In contrast, the aged Cyp2e1-null mice exhibited significantly higher antioxidant capacity with elevated heme oxygenase-1 and catalase activities compared to all other groups, while maintaining normal GSH levels with significantly less mitochondrial nitroxidative stress compared to the aged WT mice. Thus, CYP2E1 is important in causing aging-related kidney damage most likely through increasing nitroxidative stress and that CYP2E1 could be a potential target in preventing aging-related kidney diseases.
Effects of extended photoperiod and light quality on growth of Carpinus caroliniana, Fagus grandifolia and Gymnocladus dioicus seedlings

Abstract Although Carpinus caroliniana (American hornbeam), Fagus grandifolia (American beech), and Gymnocladus dioicus (Kentucky coffeetree) have considerable landscape merit, they are not readily available in nurseries. Little research has been conducted on the cultural preferences of these species during nursery production. This study tested the effects of light quality and extended photoperiod on these species. Container-grown seedlings were subjected to three light treatments: 18-hour photoperiod using high pressure sodium lights (HPS), 18-hour photoperiod using incandescent lights (INC), and natural light and daylength (NAT). After 14 weeks, stem height of F. grandifolia seedlings was greatest for HPS light and least for NAT light. After 8 and 12 weeks, light source had no impact on stem heights of C. caroliniana. In 1997, stem height and caliper of G. dioicus were greatest using HPS light. In a repeat of the G. dioicus, experiment in 1998, HPS and INC light treatments resulted in greater stem heigh...
Initiation of long electrical discharges in dense ICF reactor atmospheres

The initiation of straight breakdown paths has been identified as the key issue of the LIB propagation channel formation scheme in the HWIFR dense atmosphere. Straight preionization trails have been suggested as means for guiding the breakdown along the designated beamlines. A multi-group Boltzmann equation solver has been constructed for estimating the capability of several preionizers to induce such trails in dense D/sub 2/O vapors. A new approach capable of predicting the steady state streamer wave shape is used to estimate the minimum conditions for launching a streamer in the preionized path. The electrical resistance of the trail during the streamer propagation is evaluated with a simple one dimensional routine. Finally the transition of the streamer induced ionized filament to a multi-kA-carrying plasma channel is simulated with a modified radiation MHD code. Other results of this study, including the determination of the preionizer intensity and the minimum applied potential required for the initiation, are presented in this paper.
Copper(II) Catalyzed Oxidation of Propylene On X and Y Type Zeolites: Observation of Cu(II) Migration By Electron Spin Resonance During and After Reaction

Abstract The copper(II) catalyzed oxidation of propylene on X and Y type zeolites in the presence of the different major cations, K + , Na + , Tl + and Ca 2+ , in the temperature range of 260–300° C was studied in a flow system. Complete oxidation products, carbon dioxide and water, were formed over all catalysts. The catalytic activities and the location of the active copper species were studied by gas chromatography and electron spin resonance. The activity of CuK-X was greater than for other cations and demonstrated an important cocation effect. The migration of Cu(II) ions as active species is observed during reaction and depends on the specific cocation. The cupric ion is found to migrate from inaccessible site SI in the hexagonal prism to accessible site SII near the six-ring of the zeolite lattice at which site coordination with propylene occurs prior to reaction. If propylene is then removed from the flow stream migration of cupric ion back to hexagonal prism sites is observed. Molecular oxygen is shown to play a role of reoxidizing reduced copper species so as to maintain the copper in the cupric ion form.
Multidisciplinary Management of Acute and Chronic Pain in the Presence of Substance Use Disorder (SUD)

The management of pain is greatly complicated by comorbid substance use disorder (SUD), particularly opioid use disorder. Patient with SUD may have more difficulty coping with pain, decreased response to analgesics, and higher rates of complications with pain treatment. Multimodal therapy that is personalized to the patient is much more effective for acute pain. Chronic pain treatment in the setting of SUD is particularly challenging. Chronic opioid therapy is now known to be riskier and less effective than was previously thought. Tapering high-dose opioids reduces risk and may improve functioning for some patients. Others respond poorly to taper and may respond better to buprenorphine substitution.
Assessing the Effects of Partisan Bias at the Group Level of Analysis: A Hidden Profile Experiment

Although there is some evidence in the political arena that pooling information can overcome individual biases to improve decision-making accuracy, research from the group communication and psychol...
Optimizing Lossy Compression with Adjacent Snapshots for N-body Simulation Data

Today’s N-body simulations are producing extremely large amounts of data. The Hardware/Hybrid Accelerated Cosmology Code (HACC), for example, may simulate trillions of particles, producing tens of petabytes of data to store in a parallel file system, according to the HACC users. In this paper, we design and implement an efficient, in situ error-bounded lossy compressor to significantly reduce the data size for N-body simulations. Not only can our compressor save significant storage space for N-body simulation researchers, but it can also improve the I/O performance considerably with limited memory and computation overhead. Our contribution is threefold. (1) We propose an efficient data compression model by leveraging the consecutiveness of the cosmological data in both space and time dimensions as well as the physical correlation across different fields. (2) We propose a lightweight, efficient alignment mechanism to align the disordered particles across adjacent snapshots in the simulation, which is a fundamental step in the whole compression procedure. We also optimize the compression quality by exploring best-fit data prediction strategies and optimizing the frequencies of the space-based compression vs. time-based compression. (3) We evaluate our compressor using both a cosmological simulation package and molecular dynamics simulation data—two major categories in the N-body simulation domain. Experiments show that under the same distortion of data, our solution produces up to 43% higher compression ratios on the velocity field and up to 300% higher on the position field than do other state-of-the-art compressors (including SZ, ZFP, NUMARCK, and decimation). With our compressor, the overall I/O time on HACC data is reduced by up to 20% compared with the second-best compressor.
Las condiciones sociales de las políticas medioambientales: la gestión de la crisis hídrica en el sur de California

espanolEl sur de California, Estados Unidos, sufre episodios periodicos graves de sequia, que han conducido al replanteamiento y transicion de los modelos de gestion de los recursos hidricos. El objetivo de este articulo es entender los elementos que entran en juego para dar cuenta de la ruta tomada por la transicion hidrica. Con base en la metodologia de la teoria de los campos de Pierre Bourdieu, el supuesto de partida es que las estrategias de gestion de los recursos hidricos estan vinculadas con las relaciones de poder entre los actores implicados en la definicion de dichos modelos, y con los perfiles profesionales de sus protagonistas. Mediante un analisis de correspondencias multiples, se concluye que si bien los responsables gubernamentales, con formacion en temas medioambientales, promueven politicas de conservacion estas no consiguen imponerse debido al gran poder que tienen en la gobernanza del agua los gestores municipales y agricolas, los ingenieros y los administradores que carecen de un perfil medioambiental. EnglishSouthern California, United States, is experiencing periodic episodes of severe drought, which has led to the redesign and transition of management models of water resources. The purpose of this article is to understand the elements that come into play in order to account for the route taken by water transition. Based on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of fields, the starting premise is that strategies of water resources management are associated with power relations between the actors involved in defining these models, as well as with their stakeholders’ professional profiles. Through a multiple correspondence analysis, it is concluded that while government decision makers, trained in environmental issues, promote conservation policies, it is not possible to implement these policies due to the great power that municipal and agriculture managers, engineers and administrators lacking an environmental profile have regarding water governance.
A direct comparison of robotic and laparoscopic hernia repair: patient-reported outcomes and cost analysis

Hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in the United States. Since the introduction of the Da Vinci robot, robot-assisted hernia repairs have become more common. In this study we aim to directly compare robotic and laparoscopic hernia repairs as well as explore potential cost differences. We hypothesize that robot-assisted hernia repairs are associated with better patient-reported outcomes. We conducted retrospective review to create a cohort study of 53 robotic (37 inguinal and 16 ventral) and 101 laparoscopic (68 inguinal and 33 ventral) hernia repairs. Patient-reported outcomes were measured using the Carolinas Comfort Scale (CCS). Operative details were examined, and a cost analysis was performed. Combining both hernia types together as well as looking at inguinal and ventral repairs separately, we found that there was no difference in hernia recurrence or 1-year CCS between robotic and laparoscopic hernia repair. For ventral hernia repairs alone, robotic procedure was associated with a decreased length of stay. We found that our robotic cases did have longer operative times and higher costs. The operative times did decrease to a length comparable to that of the laparoscopic cases as experience operating with the robot increased. In comparison to laparoscopic hernia repair, robotic hernia repair does not improve long-term patient-reported surgical outcomes. However, it does increase the cost of the operation and, in general, result in longer operative times.
Regulation of in vitro erythropoiesis by normal T cells: evidence for two T-cell subsets with opposing function

Cellular interactions responsible for regulating in vitro erythropoiesis were studied using murine monoclonal antibodies recognizing antigens expressed by human mononuclear cells. Cell populations of interest were negatively selected by complement- dependent cytotoxicity and then evaluated for their effect on in vitro growth of erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E). The data suggest that normal peripheral blood T cells contain at least two functionally distinct subpopulations with opposing regulatory effects: one that enhances burst formation had one that limits burst formation. Whether these effects are mediated by direct interactions of T cells with BFU-E or with auxillary cells remains to be determined.
Commissioning and performance evaluation of RadCalc for the Elekta unity MRI-linac.

Recent availability of MRI-guided linear accelerators has introduced a number of clinical challenges, particularly in the context of online plan adaptation. Paramount among these is verification of plan quality prior to patient treatment. Currently, there are no commercial products available for monitor unit verification that fully support the newly FDA cleared Elekta Unity 1.5 T MRI-linac. In this work, we investigate the accuracy and precision of RadCalc for this purpose, which is a software package that uses a Clarkson integration algorithm for point dose calculation. To this end, 18 IMRT patient plans (186 individual beams) were created and used for RadCalc point dose calculations. In comparison with the primary treatment planning system (Monaco), mean point dose deviations of 0.0 ± 1.0% (n = 18) and 1.7 ± 12.4% (n = 186) were obtained on a per-plan and per-beam basis, respectively. The dose plane comparison functionality within RadCalc was found to be highly inaccurate, however, modest improvements could be made by artificially shifting jaws and multi leaf collimator positions to account for the dosimetric shift due to the magnetic field (67.3% vs 96.5% mean 5%/5 mm gamma pass rate).
Assuring Clonality on the Beacon Digital Cell Line Development Platform

During biomanufacturing cell lines development, the generation and screening for single-cell derived subclones using methods that enable assurance of clonal derivation can be resource- and time-intensive. High-throughput miniaturization, automation, and analytic strategies are often employed to reduce such bottlenecks. The Beacon platform from Berkeley Lights offers a strategy to eliminate these limitations through culturing, manipulating, and characterizing cells on custom nanofluidic chips via software-controlled operations. However, explicit demonstration of this technology to provide high assurance of a single cell progenitor has not been reported. Here, a methodology that utilizes the Beacon instrument to ensure high levels of clonality is described. It is demonstrated that the Beacon platform can efficiently generate production cell lines with a superior clonality data package, detailed tracking, and minimal resources. A stringent in-process quality control strategy is established to enable rapid verification of clonal origin, and the workflow is validated using representative Chinese hamster ovary-derived cell lines stably expressing either green or red fluorescence protein. Under these conditions, a >99% assurance of clonal origin is achieved, which is comparable to existing imaging-coupled fluorescence-activated cell sorting seeding methods.
Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana y lactancia

Vertical transmission (TV) is the passage of infection from one generation to the next, usually from a mother to her son. It is also known as mother-child infection. Initially, studies of HIV (HIV) infection in infants it was recognized that vertical transmission in tropical communities and underprivileged is higher (25-48%) than in those most industrialized and richest (13-32 %). 1992 studies concluded that women; who they were already infected before pregnancy had an additional risk of 14% of TV attributable to breastfeeding and transmission in utero or during birth. The European Collaborative Study suggest that the risk of transmission of HIV-1 infected mother to her child is doubled if she breastfeeds him. If a mother becomes infected by HIV-1 postpartum, the risk of vertical transmission is 29%.
Mentoring Future Mathematics Teachers: Lessons Learned from Four Mentoring Partnerships.

Mentoring is an important aspect of mathematics teacher education, and in particular, pre-service teacher education. Faculty at a large Midwestern university developed and refined a mentoring program designed to help pre-service secondary mathematics teachers, called Scholars, become future leaders in mathematics education. This paper describes how faculty mentors leveraged challenges in the mentoring program’s early stages based on their reflections and initial mentee outcomes to create a more effective mentoring program. Recommendations based on research and practice are provided for other university programs interested in mentoring future mathematics teachers.
A lesson in implementation: A pre-post study of providers' experience with artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support.

Abstract Background To explore attitudes about artificial intelligence (AI) among staff who utilized AI-based clinical decision support (CDS). Methods A survey was designed to assess staff attitudes about AI-based CDS tools. The survey was anonymously and voluntarily completed by clinical staff in three primary care outpatient clinics before and after implementation of an AI-based CDS system aimed to improve glycemic control in patients with diabetes as part of a quality improvement project. The CDS identified patients at risk for poor glycemic control and generated intervention recommendations intended to reduce patients’ risk. Results Staff completed 45 surveys pre-intervention and 38 post-intervention. Following implementation, staff felt that care was better coordinated (11 favorable responses, 14 unfavorable responses pre-intervention; 21 favorable responses, 3 unfavorable responses post-intervention; p Conclusions AI-based CDS tools that are perceived negatively by staff may reduce staff excitement about AI technology, and hands-on experience with AI may lead to more realistic expectations about the technology’s capabilities. In our setting, although AI-based CDS prompted an interdisciplinary discussion about the needs of patients at high risk for poor glycemic control, the interventions recommended by the CDS were often perceived to be poorly tailored, inappropriate, or not useful. Developers should carefully consider tasks that are best performed by AI and those best performed by the patient’s care team.
Effects of anatomical location on in vivo percutaneous penetration in man.

Percutaneous penetration in man is affected by several factors: chemical properties, skin anatomy variables, and environmental conditions can all modify the quantity of chemical that penetrates thr...
Post-traumatic growth in the wake of a pandemic

The following narrative focuses on meaning-making amidst crisis. Through a series of groups, pre- and post-pandemic onset, the group meetings explore moments of chaos or conflict as catalysts for g...
Differential transcriptomics in sarcoidosis lung and lymph node granulomas with comparisons to pathogen-specific granulomas.

Despite the availability of multi-“omics” strategies, insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of sarcoidosis have been elusive. This is partly due to the lack of reliable preclinical models and a paucity of validated biomarkers. As granulomas are a key feature of sarcoidosis, we speculate that direct genomic interrogation of sarcoid tissues, may lead to identification of dysregulated gene pathways or biomarker signatures. To facilitate the development sarcoidosis genomic biomarkers by gene expression profiling of sarcoidosis granulomas in lung and lymph node tissues (most commonly affected organs) and comparison to infectious granulomas (coccidiodomycosis and tuberculosis). Transcriptomic profiles of immune-related gene from micro-dissected sarcoidosis granulomas within lung and mediastinal lymph node tissues and compared to infectious granulomas from paraffin-embedded blocks. Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were profiled, compared among the three granulomatous diseases and analyzed for functional enrichment pathways. Despite histologic similarities, DEGs and pathway enrichment markedly differed in sarcoidosis granulomas from lymph nodes and lung. Lymph nodes showed a clear immunological response, whereas a structural regenerative response was observed in lung. Sarcoidosis granuloma gene expression data corroborated previously reported genomic biomarkers (STAB1, HBEGF, and NOTCH4), excluded others and identified new genomic markers present in lung and lymph nodes, ADAMTS1, NPR1 and CXCL2. Comparisons between sarcoidosis and pathogen granulomas identified pathway divergences and commonalities at gene expression level. These findings suggest the importance of tissue and disease-specificity evaluation when exploring sarcoidosis genomic markers. This relevant translational information in sarcoidosis and other two histopathological similar infections provides meaningful specific genomic-derived biomarkers for sarcoidosis diagnosis and prognosis.
The Utility of Neuromotor Retraining to Augment Manual Therapy and Vestibular Rehabilitation in a Patient with Post-Concussion Syndrome: A Case Report.

# Background and Purpose Less than half of patients discharged from the emergency department post-concussion receive patient education or follow-up care, and 10-20% of individuals will develop symptoms that last longer than six months. Current research on interventions for post-concussion syndrome (PCS) shows inconsistent results, and recommendations for effective physical therapy treatment for patients with chronic PCS are lacking. The purpose of this case report is to highlight a successful, multi-system approach to physical therapy examination and treatment of a patient with chronic PCS. # Case Description This case describes a 21-year-old male who sustained a concussion 356 days prior to evaluation. He received no follow-up treatment and reported periods of worsening symptoms since the injury. Impairments in cervical range of motion and accessory mobility, vestibular and vestibulo-ocular function, and postural stability were identified. Both cognitive and emotional symptoms were also present. The patient attended eight, sixty-minute sessions over a five-week period in an outpatient setting. Comprehensive physical therapy interventions included manual therapy, vestibular rehabilitation, and neuromotor retraining aimed at restoring proper sensory integration and midline postural orientation. # Outcomes Outcomes included cervical spine goniometric measurements and accessory mobility assessments. Objective measures of postural stability included the Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance (m-CTSIB) and the Fukuda Step Test. The Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ) was used to subjectively assess symptom severity. At discharge, goniometric measurements returned to within normal limits except left cervical rotation active range of motion (ROM), and both the m-CTSIB and Fukuda Step Test were within normal ranges. The RPQ score reduced from 20 to 2 demonstrating symptom resolution in all items but “headache.” # Discussion PCS can affect multiple systems, necessitating a comprehensive approach to examination and intervention. Manual therapy was used to restore cervical spine ROM, vestibular rehabilitation was utilized to improve gaze stability and visual motion sensitivity, and neuromotor retraining was implemented to improve postural stability and sensory integration. Physical therapists have the ability to treat multiple systems impacted with PCS, with the potential to reduce the longevity and severity of impairments for patients. # Level of Evidence Level V
Engaging Students in an Automotive Autonomy Sensor Processing Class: Incorporating active learning and high-fidelity, physics-based autonomy simulation into class projects

Modern signal processing (SP) classes should provide a balance between theory and application as well as use active learning exercises to engage students and facilitate learning. A new sensor processing course, Sensor Processing for Autonomous Vehicles (SPAV), was designed with two specific objectives: 1) to successfully engage students using active and collaborative learning and 2) integrate a state-of-the-art, physicsbased autonomy simulator into the class.
A Comprehensive Survey of Industry 4.0, IIoT and Areas of Implementation

As technology continually improves, industries need a way of capturing the change from physical to digital. The movement towards the use of cloud-based system controls resulted in the implementation of new sensors and software to older legacy systems. This has led to the development of cyber-physical systems, which allow for the physical machines to be controlled virtually. As more and more systems are converted to use digital systems, issues with security and inter-connectivity have begun to arise. Currently the three main targets for vulnerabilities within Industry 4.0 are the Devices, systems and networks. This has led standardization organizations to implement protocols and standards to ensure complete and secure data transmission. As standards and protocols continue to improve, industries such as food, oil, natural gas, and many others find great benefits in transitioning their machines to a more remote and cloud-based environment. By optimizing these machines companies have achieved greater efficiency, accuracy, reliability, and overall greater productivity.
Using In-Class Writing to Promote Critical Thinking and Application of Course Concepts

Recent reports indicate that employers are increasingly interested in hiring individuals that can think critically and are able to solve complex problems. Further, the ability to apply knowledge le...
Calcul Des Variations. —Estimations d’énergie pour des applications de R3 à

Two problems concerning maps cp with point singularities from a domain} Ω = R3 to S2 are solved. The first is to determine the minimum energy of ϕ when the location and topological degree of the singularities are prescribed. In the second problem Ω is the unit ball and ϕ = g is given on ΦΩ; we show that the only cases in which g (x/|x|) minimizes the energy is g = const, or g(x)= ±R x with R a rotation
Nested Hyper-Rectangles for Exemplar-Based Learning

Exemplar-based learning is a theory in which learning is accomplished by storing points in Euclidean n-space, En. This paper presents a new theory in which these points are generalized to become hyper-rectangles. These hyper-rectangles, in turn, may be nested to arbitrary depth inside one another. This representation scheme is sharply different from the usual inductive learning paradigms, which learn by replacing boolean formulae by more general formulae, or by creating decision trees. The theory is described and then compared to other inductive learning theories. An implementation, Each, has been tested empirically on three different domains: predicting the recurrence of breast cancer, classifying iris flowers, and predicting survival times for heart attack patients. In each case, the results are compared to published results using the same data sets and different machine learning algorithms. Each performs as well as or better than other algorithms on all of the data sets.
Reducing the Cost of Aluminum Body Panels

Over the last five years aluminum has been used in approximately 15 major "hang on" exterior body panel parts. Also, large quantities of sheet have been used on many stamped and roll formed parts such as station wagon load floors and seat components. The material presented deals with high visibility parts including deck lids and hoods and offers the reader a view of cost versus weight savings not previously published.
Maneuvering Target Tracking in a Cluttered Environment with Variable Demension Filter

A new technique for tracking a maneuvering target in a cluttered environment is developed. This approach does not rely on a statistical description of the maneuver as a random process. Instead, the state model for the target is changed when a maneuver is detected. Undesired measurements due to clutter or false alarms are assumed to occur uniformly and independently distributed. The Probabilistic Data Association Filter (PDAP) is used for both state models of the target. Measurement sequences over a window are tested for occurrence of possible maneuver. In the process, tracks are formed, deleted and merged. Simulation has shown the effectiveness of the scheme.
Ligation versus anticoagulation: treatment of above-knee superficial thrombophlebitis not involving the deep venous system.

Historically, superficial thrombophlebitis has been considered a benign disease requiring only conservative management with compression support, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications, and lower extremity elevation. During the past 40 years, several studies and case reports have established the clinical significance concerning above-knee superficial thrombophlebitis (AKSTP), up to the saphenofemoral junction, but not invading into the deep venous system. AK-STP may lead to pulmonary embolism (PE), either secondary to extension into the deep venous system, or directly without deep venous thrombosis. A medical approach using anticoagulant therapy appears effective in reducing the incidence of PE when used for AK-STP with deep venous system involvement. Controversy remains regarding the best approach to treating AK-STP without deep venous system involvement. Surgery has been one option for treating AK-STP without involvement of the deep venous system. Operative interventions range from ligation of the saphenofemoral venous junction to ligation and stripping of the phlebitic veins. Surgical treatment modalities halt the progression of thrombus into the deep venous system through the saphenofemoral junction and reduce the incidence of PE. But many clinicians continue to use conservative therapies or select medical therapy with anticoagulants as the sole treatment for AK-STP. Most patients are not evaluated by surgeons nor are they presented with a surgical option. Although anticoagulation alone reduces the incidence of PE when compared with conservative therapy, few studies exist comparing treatment outcomes of surgical treatment versus medical therapy with anticoagulation for AK-STP. This article reviews the currently available literature regarding surgical and medical management of AK-STP not involving the deep venous system.
Global climate model tracking using geospatial neighborhoods

A key problem in climate science is how to combine the predictions of the multi-model ensemble of global climate models. Recent work in machine learning (Monteleoni et al. 2011) showed the promise of an algorithm for online learning with experts for this task.We extend the Tracking Climate Models (TCM) approach to (1) take into account climate model predictions at higher spatial resolutions and (2) to model geospatial neighborhood influence between regions. Our algorithm enables neighborhood influence by modifying the transition dynamics of the Hidden Markov Model used by TCM, allowing the performance of spatial neighbors to influence the temporal switching probabilities for the best expert (climate model) at a given location. In experiments on historical data at a variety of spatial resolutions, our algorithm demonstrates improvements over TCM, when tracking global temperature anomalies.
Boredom in the Workplace: A New Look at an Old Problem

Objective:We review historical and more recent efforts in boredom research and related fields. A framework is presented that organizes the various facets of boredom, particularly in supervisory con...
A simple analysis of periodic arrays of rectangular conducting and dielectric cylinders

The paper reports a simple yet complete analysis of electromagnetic scattering and transmission behavior of periodic arrays of rectangular cylinders with general material properties. Results are presented for the reflection and transmission coefficients of gratings of perfect electric conductors (PEC), lossy conductors, and dielectrics. Comparisons are made with previously published results which show excellent agreement, further validating our numerical approach.
Lateral task segregation and the task-hemispheric integrity effect

The task-hemispheric integrity effect refers to the high time-sharing efficiency obtained for the concurrent performance of a verbal and spatial task when the spatial task is displayed to the left of the operator's midline and is controlled by the left hand and the verbal components are located to the operator's right. Results of two experiments are reported, each designed to test the contribution of lateral display or control separation to the task-hemispheric integrity advantage. Reduction of display separation greatly reduced the effects associated with such hemispheric compatibility. Allocating both controls to the same hand eliminated these effects altogether. The constraints imposed by these data on the application of the task-hemispheric integrity principle of S-C-R compatibility are discussed.
Nonrelativistic Energy-Band Structure of Au

The composite wave variational method has been utilized to determine the electronic band structure, Fermi surface, and Fermi energy of Au in the nonrelativistic approximation. The crystal potential utilized in these calculations was constructed from Liberman, Waber, and Cromer's numerical Hartree-Fock solutions of the Dirac equation for the Au atom, including crystal exchange in the Slater ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ approximation. Comparison is made with Shoenberg's experimental determination of Fermi-surface parameters using the de Haas-van Alphen effect.
Colloid and surface properties of clay suspensions. I. Laponite CP

Abstract Stability of a Laponite CP sol in the presence of the chlorides of lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium, calcium, barium, lanthanum, and of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C16TAB) has been studied in detail over a wide pH range. The coagulation process was followed by capillary suction time (c.s.t.) and turbidity (Rayleigh Ratio, R.R.) measurements. At high electrolyte concentrations, the capillary suction method revealed maxima and minima, indicating different physical properties of the flocculated sol as the concentration of the added electrolyte was varied. No such variations could be detected by turbidity measurements. An attempt was made to relate the stability data of this clay to other surface chemical properties such as the electrophoretic mobility.
On the effects of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates on sodium transport by the toad bladder.

The effects of acetate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinate and fumarate on sodium transport across the isolated bladder of the Colombian toad have been reinvestigated in bladders bathed in PO4 Ringer's solution at pH 6.4. At this pH these substrates, when added to the serosal bathing medium in concentrations of 4 to 20mm, stimulate sodium transport as measured by the short-circuit current; the stimulatory effect of succinate is synergistic with that of aldosterone. These findings support the conclusion that active sodium transport in the toad bladder is not linked to any specific step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and that the steps in the cycle prior to the formation of succinate do not play a unique role in the regulation of sodium transport by aldosterone.