cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Inducible overexpression of GLUT1 prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and attenuates structural remodeling in pressure overload but does not prevent left ventricular dysfunction

Background Increased glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression and glucose utilization that accompany pressure overload-induced hypertrophy (POH) are believed to be cardioprotective. Moreover, it has been shown that lifelong transgenic overexpression of GLUT1 in the heart prevents cardiac dysfunction after aortic constriction. The relevance of this model to clinical practice is unclear because of the life-long duration of increased glucose metabolism. Therefore, we sought to determine if a short-term increase in GLUT1-mediated myocardial glucose uptake would still confer cardioprotection if overexpression occurred at the onset of POH. Methods and Results Mice with cardiomyocyte-specific inducible overexpression of a hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged GLUT1 transgene (G1HA) and their controls (Cont) were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) 2 days after transgene induction with doxycycline (DOX). Analysis was performed 4 weeks after TAC. Mitochondrial function, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, and mRNA expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes were reduced in Cont mice, but were maintained in concert with increased glucose utilization in G1HA following TAC. Despite attenuated adverse remodeling in G1HA relative to control TAC mice, cardiac hypertrophy was exacerbated in these mice, and positive dP/dt (in vivo) and cardiac power (ex vivo) were equivalently decreased in Cont and G1HA TAC mice compared to shams, consistent with left ventricular dysfunction. O-GlcNAcylation of Ca2+ cycling proteins was increased in G1HA TAC hearts. Conclusions Short-term cardiac specific induction of GLUT1 at the onset of POH preserves mitochondrial function and attenuates pathological remodeling, but exacerbates the hypertrophic phenotype and is insufficient to prevent POH-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction, possibly due to impaired calcium cycling.
Preparing MBA Students for the World of Professional Communication

An analysis of a large-scale professional communication project helps to define relevant managerial communication tasks; the project exemplifies the type of projects that graduating students will be expected to collaborate on or to manage successfully. The implications of this project for teaching manager ial communication to MBA students and recommended applications for inte grating work world tasks into the curriculum are also discussed.
Overconfidence and the Big Five

Abstract It has been consistently observed that people are generally overconfident when assessing their performance. In the current study, participants completed Goldberg's Big Five personality inventory and then completed a cognitive task designed to assess overconfidence (defined as the difference between confidence and accuracy). Extraversion significantly predicted overconfidence (with the other Big Five factors controlled statistically). In addition, openness/intellectance significantly predicted confidence and accuracy but not overconfidence (again, with the other Big Five factors controlled statistically). Theoretical implications and implications for future research are discussed.
PROJECT X WITH RAPID-CYCLING AND DUAL-STORAGE SUPERCONDUCTING SYNCHROTRONS *

Investigation of neutrino oscillations and rare meson decays are the main physics goals of Project X [1]. The successful physics outcome relies on the feasibility of high-intensity neutrino and meson (K + and μ) beams. In order to meet this goal we propose a synchrotron-based accelerator system (Option A) as technologically easier and cost-effective alternative to the accelerator system dominated by the linear accelerators (Option B [2]). The synchrotron-based accelerator system is outlined and the expected proton beam power for the neutrino and meson beams production is presented and discussed. Further conceptual and technical details of the synchrotron-based accelerator system for Project X are outlined in [3]. SYNCHROTRON-BASED ACCELERATOR COMPLEX FOR PROJECT X The proposed synchrotron-based accelerator complex for Project X is illustrated in Fig. 1, and the time sequence for beam stacking, extraction and acceleration is shown in Fig. 2. The H beam from the 1 GeV PLA (Pulse Linear Accelerator) after being stripped of charge is stacked in the SRCS (Superconducting Rapid Cycling Synchrotron). The SRCS beam pulse is ramped to 8 GeV and extracted sequentially to SSR1 and SSR2 (Superconducting Storage Ring 1 and 2) synchrotrons. The SSR1 is filled with 3 and the SSR2 with 4 SRCS pulses. As both PLA and SRCS operate with the repetition rate of 10 Hz stacking 7 SRCS pulses in the SSR1-2 allows match the 0.7 s cycle time of Main Injector (MI) required for proton beam acceleration to 60 GeV. The main parameters of the accelerator subsystems are listed in Tables 1 and 2.
Constructing Difference: A Comparative Study of Elementary Science Curriculum Differentiation.

The research described in this article was a comparative study of science curriculum differentiation at two elementary schools that served students from different socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds. Two schools in the same school district, Lake and Jefferson, were the sites for the research. Lake Elementary served a professional class and white neighborhood, but Jefferson Elementary served students from working-class/working poor and ethnically diverse backgrounds. The teachers and students in a fifth and sixth grade classroom at each school participated in the research. Research methods drew from ethnographic and linguistic traditions and focused on the microlevel everyday classroom interactions in which the curriculum is constructed. The results of the study show that the science curriculum was quite different between the two schools. The science curriculum at Lake emphasized organization and control for the purpose of preparing students for traditional notions of academic success and progress. At Jefferson, the science curriculum was constructed within an informal and conversational format in an effort to engage students in science. We suggest that it is difficult to determine if and how this curriculum differentiation might establish or enhance inequality in science education. Instead, we offer competing interpretations of the results that draw from current notions of best practice in the science education community. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Sci Ed85:239–262, 2001.
The organizational security subsystem: Some potentially catastrophic events

This article describes a catastrophe theory model of a proposed security subsystem of living systems. It addresses the levels of the organism, organization, and the society. A butterfly catastrophe model is used to describe change among three stable system states: the system is unprotected, the system is protected from outside agencies, the system is protected from both outside invaders and internal disruption. Four control variables govern the process: environmental hostility, externally based protection systems, internal system integrity, and a decider function which utilizes protection and internal resources properly. The general model is explicated for organismic, organizational, and national levels of systems.
ICU outcome predictions using physiologic trends in the first two days

Aims: This study aims to accurately predict patient mortality in the ICU. Given all physiologic measurements in the first 48 hours of the ICU stay, the Bayesian model of the study predicts outcome with a posterior probability. Methods: This study modeled the outcome as a binary random variable dependent on trends of daily physiologic measures of the patient, where trends were conditionally independent given the outcome. A two-day trend is a sequence of two discrete values, one for each day. Each value (low, medium, high or unmeasured) is a function of the arithmetic mean of that measure on the corresponding day. Results: The prediction performance of the model was measured as the minimum of sensitivity and positive predictive values. The model yielded a score of 0.39 along with a Hosmer-Lemeshow H statistic of 36, which measures calibration. The perfect scores would be 1.0 and 0, respectively. Conclusion: The prediction performance of the study was an improvement over the established ICU scoring metric SAPS-I, whose score was 0.32. Calibration of the model outputs was comparable to that of SAPS-I.
Prompt Reduction in Intra-Abdominal Pressure Following Large-Volume Mechanical Fluid Removal Improves Renal Insufficiency in Refractory Decompensated Heart Failure

Abstract Background Our group recently reported that elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP, defined as ≥ 8 mm Hg) can be associated with renal dysfunction in patients with advanced decompensated heart failure (ADHF). We hypothesize that in the setting of persistently elevated IAP and progressive renal insufficiency refractory to intensive medical therapy, mechanical fluid removal can be associated with improvements in IAP and renal function. Methods and Results The renal and hemodynamic profiles of 9 consecutive, volume-overloaded subjects with ADHF and elevated IAP, refractory to intensive medical therapy, were prospectively collected. All subjects experienced progressive elevation of serum creatinine and IAP in response to intravenous loop diuretics. Within 12 hours after mechanical fluid removal via paracentesis (n = 5, mean volume removed 3187 ± 1772 mL) or ultrafiltration (n = 4, mean volume removed 1800 ± 690 mL), there was a significant reduction in IAP (from 13 ± 4 mm Hg to 7 ± 2 mm Hg, P = .001), with corresponding improvement in renal function (serum creatinine from 3.4 ± 1.4 mg/dL to 2.4 ± 1.1 mg/dL, P = .01) without significantly altering any hemodynamic measurement. Conclusion In volume-overloaded patients admitted with ADHF refractory to intensive medical therapy, we observed a reduction of otherwise persistently elevated IAP with corresponding improvement in renal function after mechanical fluid removal.
2013 Special Issue: Modulation for emergent networks: Serotonin and dopamine

In autonomous learning, value-sensitive experiences can improve the efficiency of learning. A learning network needs be motivated so that the limited computational resources and the limited lifetime are devoted to events that are of high value for the agent to compete in its environment. The neuromodulatory system of the brain is mainly responsible for developing such a motivation system. Although reinforcement learning has been extensively studied, many existing models are symbolic whose internal nodes or modules have preset meanings. Neural networks have been used to automatically generate internal emergent representations. However, modeling an emergent motivational system for neural networks is still a great challenge. By emergent, we mean that the internal representations emerge autonomously through interactions with the external environments. This work proposes a generic emergent modulatory system for emergent networks, which includes two subsystems - the serotonin system and the dopamine system. The former signals a large class of stimuli that are intrinsically aversive (e.g., stress or pain). The latter signals a large class of stimuli that are intrinsically appetitive (e.g., pleasure or sweet). We experimented with this motivational system for two settings. The first is a visual recognition setting to investigate how such a system can learn through interactions with a teacher, who does not directly give answers, but only punishments and rewards. The second is a setting for wandering in the presence of a friend and a foe.
Errors in Operational Spreadsheets: A Review of the State of the Art

Spreadsheets are thought to be highly prone to errors and misuse. In some documented instances, spreadsheet errors have cost organizations millions of dollars. Given the importance of spreadsheets, little research has been done on how they are used in organizations. We review the existing state of understanding of spreadsheet errors, concentrating on two recent studies. One analyzes errors in 50 operational spreadsheets; the other studies the quantitative impacts of errors in 25 spreadsheets from five organizations. These studies suggest that counts of error cells are not sufficient to understand the problem of errors. Average error cell counts reported in the literature range from 1 percent to 5 percent depending on definitions and methods used. However, some errors are benign while others are fatal. Furthermore, spreadsheets in some organizations appear to be error-free. Several types of new research are needed to understand the spreadsheet error problem more fully.
Decreased fetal cardiac performance in the first trimester correlates with hyperglycemia in pregestational maternal diabetes

Objective In-vitro animal studies suggest that high glucose levels impair fetal cardiac function early in gestation. We aimed to study whether evidence of first-trimester myocardial dysfunction can be detected in fetuses of women with pregestational diabetes mellitus. Methods Women with diabetes mellitus underwent fetal echocardiography at 11–14 weeks' gestational age. In fetuses with normal anatomy, the cardiac preload, diastolic function, global myocardial performance and placental afterload were studied by Doppler of the ductus venosus (DV), mitral and tricuspid early/atrial (E/A) ratios, left and right ventricular myocardial performance index (MPI) and umbilical artery (UA) Doppler, respectively. Cases were matched for gestational age and UA and DV Doppler with controls that had no diabetes mellitus. Results Sixty-three singleton diabetic pregnancies were matched with 63 controls. Mean gestational age at enrollment was 12.6 (range, 11.1–13.6) weeks. Diabetic mothers had moderate to poor glycemic control (median (range) glycosylated hemoglobin A1 (HbA1c), 7.5 (5.1–12.7)%, and the HbA1c level was ≥ 7% in 37 (59%)). Fetuses of diabetic mothers exhibited worse measures of diastolic dysfunction: the isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT) was significantly prolonged (left ventricle: 36.9 ± 7.4 ms vs. 45.8 ± 6.8 ms; right ventricle: 35.6 ± 8 ms vs. 46.4 ± 7.3 ms, P 0.05 for all). Conclusions Fetuses of poorly controlled diabetic mothers demonstrate significant differences in first-trimester diastolic myocardial function compared with non-diabetic controls. The decrease in myocardial performance is more marked with increasing HbA1c and appears to be independent of preload and afterload. The ability to document these cardiac functional changes this early in pregnancy opens potential new avenues to understand the consequences of maternal glycemic status. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Space Envelope

This work introduces the space envelope, a shape model based upon a boundary description. Instead of modeling a single object (or solid), a space envelope encloses a volume of empty space. The advantage is that in any given view, there may be any number of objects, this number being difficult to determine from pixel-data alone. However, there is always one, and only one, volume of visible empty space. Once a model has been constructed defining the space envelope, higher-order operations may be applied to reason about the scene's content. For instance, surface geometries and topology could yield insight into the number of visible objects. The enclosed empty volume may also be used for vision-based navigation (known free-space), while the surfaces are used for view correspondences.Algorithms to automatically construct a planar boundary representation (b-rep) space envelope from a range image are presented. Results for testing the algorithms on over 400 images from four different range cameras are presented.
Mechanism of Gender-Divergent UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase mRNA Expression in Mouse Liver and Kidney

UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyze the addition of glucuronic acid to endo- and xenobiotics, increasing hydrophilicity and enhancing elimination. Gender-divergent glucuronidation rates are observed in humans and rats, and gender differences in UGT mRNA levels have been observed in rodents. The purpose of this study was to establish the hormonal regulation of gender-dependent Ugt mRNA expression in mouse liver and kidney. Therefore, three mouse models were used to characterize the involvement of sex hormones and gender-specific growth hormone (GH) secretion patterns, including 1) hypophysectomized mice treated with male- or female-pattern GH, testosterone, or 17β-estradiol; 2) GH releasing hormone receptor-deficient little (lit/lit) mice treated with male- or female-pattern GH; and 3) gonadectomized mice treated with testosterone or 17β-estradiol. Messenger RNA expression of mouse Ugt isozymes was determined by the branched DNA assay. In C57BL/6 mice, male-predominant expression of Ugt2b1 and Ugt2b38 was observed in liver and kidney, respectively. Female-predominant expression was observed for Ugt1a1 and Ugt1a5 in liver and Ugt1a2 in kidney. In liver, regulation of Ugt1a1 and Ugt1a5 expression was attributed to repression of Ugt mRNA by male-pattern GH secretion. Conversely, regulation of Ugt2b1 expression in liver was attributed to male-pattern GH secretion. In kidney, regulation of Ugt2b38 expression was attributed to inductive effects by testosterone. Conversely, Ugt1a2 expression in kidney was negatively regulated by testosterone. In conclusion, gender differences in mouse Ugt mRNA expression were influenced by male-pattern GH secretion in liver, whereas gender differences were regulated by the effects of androgens in kidney.
Architecting voltage islands in core-based system-on-a-chip designs

Voltage islands enable core-level power optimization for System-on-Chip (SoC) designs by utilizing a unique supply voltage for each core. Architecting voltage islands involves island partition creation, voltage level assignment and floorplanning. The task of island partition creation and level assignment have to be done simultaneously in a floorplanning context due to the physical constraints involved in the design process. This leads to a floorplanning problem formulation that is very different from the traditional floorplanning for ASIC-style design. In this paper, we define the problem of architecting voltage islands in core-based designs and present a new algorithm for simultaneous voltage island partitioning, voltage level assignment and physical-level floorplanning. Application of the proposed algorithm to a few benchmark and industrial examples is demonstrated using a prototype tool. Results show power savings of 14%-28%, depending on the constraints imposed on the number of voltage islands and other physical-level parameters.
Improving Chemotherapy Ordering Process

Purpose:Chemotherapy is a high-risk medication and is the second most common cause of fatal medication errors. The ordering process can be unsafe and inefficient, putting patients at risk for medication errors. The aim of this project was to decrease the number of chemotherapy order forms with at least one deviation by 50% within 5 months.Methods:A multidisciplinary team identified causes for variance in form completion, deficits in knowledge of ordering processes, and acceptance of incomplete orders by the staff. The Plan, Do, Study, Act improvement methodology evaluated the chemotherapy ordering process and found different types of deviations on order forms. Interventions consisted of educating physicians on entering complete information on orders, instituting same-day laboratory work on the day of the physician’s visit, standardizing laboratory parameters, performing audits of the order forms manually, and educating nurses on not accepting orders with deviations.Results:All order forms were reviewed, a...
Comparison of Holmium Laser Prostate Enucleation Outcomes in Patients with or without Preoperative Urinary Retention

Purpose: We determine whether outcomes of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate are similar in patients with and those without preoperative urinary retention.Materials and Methods: From May 2008 to July 2014, 231 patients underwent holmium laser prostate enucleation for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate for differences in postoperative outcomes for patients with and those without preoperative urinary retention.Results: Overall 95 patients (41%) had urinary retention before holmium laser prostate enucleation while 136 (59%) did not. Mean followup for all patients was 15.3 months. Patients with retention tended to be older, have larger prostates, and have higher scores on the AUA SS and bother questionnaires (all p <0.05). Postoperatively there was no difference in rates of complications, including urinary retention. Both groups showed significant improvement in AUA SS and bother score after the procedure at all postoperative points. Median post-v...
The United States Supreme Court: Continuity and Change

Published in Developments in American Politics 5, edited by Gillian Peele, Christopher J. Bailey, Bruce Cain, and B. Guy Peters. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Pages 107-123. 2006.
David M. Kotz: The Rise and Fall of Neoliberal Capitalism

David Kotz’s most recent book offers a well-written and thoughtful review of the history and possible future of the current neoliberal era. He uses a social-structure-of-accumulation approach to ex...
Differential Sensitivity Between a Virtual Reality Balance Module and Clinically Used Concussion Balance Modalities.

OBJECTIVE: Balance assessments are part of the recommended clinical concussion evaluation, along with computerized neuropsychological testing and self-reported symptoms checklists. New technology has allowed for the creation of virtual reality (VR) balance assessments to be used in concussion care, but there is little information on the sensitivity and specificity of these evaluations. The purpose of this study is to establish the sensitivity and specificity of a VR balance module for detecting lingering balance deficits clinical concussion care. DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. SETTING: Institutional research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Normal controls (n = 94) and concussed participants (n = 27). INTERVENTIONS: All participants completed a VR balance assessment paradigm. Concussed participants were diagnosed by a Certified Athletic Trainer or physician (with 48 hours postinjury) and tested in the laboratory between 7 and 10 days postinjury. Receiver operating characteristic curves were performed to establish the VR module's sensitivity and specificity for detecting lingering balance deficits. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Final balance score. RESULTS: For the VR balance module, a cutoff score of 8.25 was established to maximize sensitivity at 85.7% and specificity at 87.8%. CONCLUSIONS: The VR balance module has high sensitivity and specificity for detecting subacute balance deficits after concussive injury. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The VR balance has a high subacute sensitivity and specificity as a stand-alone balance assessment tool and may detect ongoing balance deficits not readily detectable by the Balance Error Scoring System or Sensory Organization Test. Virtual reality balance modules may be a beneficial addition to the current clinical concussion diagnostic battery. Language: en
The Cybogre Manifesto: Time, Utopia, and Globality in Ngũgĩ's Wizard of the Crow

This article contends that what differentiates Wizard of the Crow from Ngũgĩ’s earlier writings lies in the manner in which his populism has moved from the national to the global scale. Ngũgĩ accomplishes this by figuring dystopia as comic rather than tragic, privileging the social body over the individual in a way that transcends limitations surrounding the nation-state. Focusing on the novel’s incorporation of scientific idioms as well as on themes of temporal fixity, the article points to a restaging of Ngũgĩ’s earlier, more provincial, representations of resistance through the incorporation of utopian dissociative features that make it structurally and politically allegorical and also futuristic without conforming to the obsession with the sovereign individual common to Western anti-utopias. The crux of this movement, I argue, occurs through the figure of the cybogre, a fusion of technology and myth that pits cosmic spiritual elements against the limits of human technical (re)creativity.
Optimal spectral and power parameters for all-optical wavelength shifting

In a large optical network implementing wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), wavelengths must be reused, requiring switching of a signal from one wavelength to another. Recent work has used the rapid carrier lifetime of a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) to shift a signal’s wavelength all-optically.1-3 The mechanism relies on an intense modulated pump signal on one wavelength causing significant inverse modulation of the SOA gain, thereby transferring the modulation to a concurrently input cw probe signal at another wavelength.
Effect of Measles Control in Guizhou Province,2003-2010

Objective To analyze measles surveillance system from 2003-2010 and provide scientific basis for measles elimination in Guizhou Province.Methods Data of measles epidemic and laboratory surveillance was analyzed by the descriptive epidemiology.Results The incidence of measles in Guizhou Province reduced to 0.49/105 in 2005 with the help of strengthening mandatory immunization.Then the incidence rates rebounded in 2008 following the incidence rate of 3.11/105.After the follow-up SIAs,the incidence again was reduced to 0.22/105 in 2010.Since 2005,the proportion of rubella cases is increasing gradually in the reported suspect measles cases,.The provincial measles lab separated 5 strains H1a genotype wild measles virus in 2004 and 20 strains of the same virus from 2007-2010,which showed that the popular type of measles virus in Guizhou province had not changed.Conclusion The incidence of measles could be reduced to a lower level by strengthening mandatory routine immunization and by successfullt carrying out measles vaccine SIAs.
Can we forgive Andrea Yates

A common assumption in the philosophical literature on forgiveness is that one can only forgive culpable moral agents. In this paper, I will argue against this assumption. Using the notorious case of Andrea Yates, I will show one can forgive non-culpable wrongdoers. I will argue that forgiveness involves letting go of negative reactive attitudes and those attitudes arise in a wide variety of cases including accidental wrongdoing and wrongs committed by those who are mentally incompetent or insane. Responding to such wrongdoings with forgiveness is not only possible, but also often advisable.
Presenting the Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives property in a first course on logit modeling

Abstract The brief treatment of IIA offered in most introductory courses and textbooks leaves a number of important points unsaid, and may paint an incomplete and misleading picture of its nature. This note supplements such treatments with additional detail. Specifically, we first present three causes or types of IIA violations, and describe some common ways in which they occur. We then present some typical tests/remedies for IIA violations, indicating which types of violation they are best suited to identify, and how they “work” in terms of remedying a violation. We close with some additional pertinent observations.
Barriers of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction on Transition Metals

Theoretical investigations of electrochemical CO2 reduction have received increasing interest due its potential impact on renewable energy storage. We use density functional theory with an explicit solvent model of the electrochemical interface to calculate activation energy barriers for various proton–electron transfer elementary reactions steps for CO2 reduction on Au, Cu, and Pt surfaces. We find the protonation of unhydrogenated oxygen to be trivial compared to the protonation of carbon and R–OH species, which induces C–O scission. Our revised free energy diagram for the reduction of CO2 to methane on Cu(211) includes these observations and suggests that the dominant pathway includes *CHOH and *CH as intermediates rather than *OCH3.
From Sacrilege to Privilege: The Tale of Body Procurement for Anatomical Dissection in the United States

Anatomical dissection remains an integral part of most medical schools’ curricula, and in order to meet their educational needs, schools turn to a mixture of donated and unclaimed bodies. However, the procurement of bodies for anatomical dissection has not always been a simple task. The history of the cadaver supply in the United States, as in many other countries, is a story of crime, punishment, and legal dilemmas. The method by which medical schools obtain cadavers has affected not only anatomists and medical students, but all members of society. Methods of procurement through the centuries have been able to change only along with concurrent changes in societal perceptions of death and dissection. An appreciation of this history and these societal changes may benefit students in their struggles to come to terms with how their cadavers were obtained and how society has granted them the privilege to dissect a fellow human’s body.
Incorporating Animal-Assisted Interventions into Psychotherapy: Guidelines and Suggestions for Therapists

Abstract The objective of this chapter is to provide the reader with practical insight into how animals may be incorporated into a therapeutic practice. Within this context, the author will also provide suggested guidelines to assure quality control for both the client and the animal's safety. Case studies will be incorporated to illustrate how the interventions can be applied logically.
Psychological interventions for anxiety in adult primary care patients: A review and recommendations for future research.

Anxiety symptoms are prevalent in primary care, yet treatment rates are low. The integration of behavioral health providers into primary care via the Primary Care Behavioral Health (PCBH) model offers a promising way to improve treatment options by adding a team member with the necessary skillset to deliver evidence-based psychological interventions for anxiety. We conducted a narrative review of psychological interventions for anxiety applied within adult primary care settings (k = 44) to update the literature and evaluate the fit of existing interventions with the PCBH model. The majority of studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs; 70.5%). Most interventions utilized cognitive-behavioral therapy (68.2%) and were delivered individually, face-to-face (52.3%). Overall, 65.9% of interventions (58.6% of RCTs, 91.7% of pre-post) were effective in reducing anxiety symptoms, and 83.3% maintained the gains at follow-up. Although it is encouraging that most interventions significantly reduced anxiety, their longer formats (i.e., number and duration of sessions) and narrow symptom targets make translation into practice difficult. Methodological limitations of the research included homogenous samples, failure to report key procedural details, pre-post designs, and restrictive eligibility criteria. We offer recommendations to guide future research to improve the likelihood of successful translation of anxiety interventions into clinical practice.
Optical Refrigeration Advances: Solid-State Cryocoolers and Athermal Disk Lasers

Having reached record temperatures <90K in Yb:YLF, cryogenic optical refrigeration of an arbitrary load has been demonstrated for the first time. In parallel, research on radiation-balanced-lasers has led to demonstration of athermal rare-earth-doped thin-disk lasers.
Subtle End Group Functionalization of Polymer Chains Drives Surface Depletion of Entire Polymer Chains

The surface of a blend of 6 kDa polystyrene and 6 kDa polystyrene functionalized with hydroxymethyl ends not only is depleted of the higher energy end groups but also is depleted of any segments belonging to the functionalized chains. This is demonstrated using the emerging technique of surface layer matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SL-MALDI-ToF-MS), which detects entire chains that have any repeat unit at the outer surface, and requires no labeling. Detecting entire chains provides information about the relationship of chain functionalization to surface segregation behavior of entire chains. That the surface is depleted of interior segments of functionalized chains as well as of the ends is remarkable, since the functionality at the single chain end involves less than 0.5 wt % of the functionalized polymer chain.
A survey of Salmonella contamination in modern broiler production

A survey of contamination with Salmonella was done in the breeder/multiplier and broiler houses, feed mills, hatcheries, and processing plants of two integrated broiler firms. Samples of insects and mice were also collected at each location. Sixty percent (60%) of the meat and bone meal samples collected at feed mills were contaminated. Salmonella was isolated from 35% of the mash feed samples tested. The pelleting process reduced Salmonella isolation rates by 82.0%. Data collected from breeder/multiplier houses suggested that feed was the ultimate source of Salmonella contamination in that environment. Salmonella was found in 9.4% of the yolk sac samples collected from day-old chicks in hatcheries. Fecal dropping samples collected in broiler houses about one week prior to slaughter were contaminated at a rate of 5.2%. Salmonella was found in 33% of the samples collected from live haul trucks and 21.4% of the whole processed broiler carcasses sampled at processing plants. Salmonella typhimurium was the serotype most commonly isolated. The gastrointestinal tract of one of 19 mice sampled was contaminated with Salmonella . Data suggest that insects were primarily mechanical carriers. Results suggest Salmonella contamination in the U.S. broiler production and processing system has changed little since 1969. The data also underline the contention that effective Salmonella control efforts must be comprehensive.
Evaluation of the Homework, Organization, and Planning Skills (Hops) Intervention for Middle School Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder as Implemented by School Mental Health Providers

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the Homework, Organization, and Planning Skills (HOPS) intervention for middle school students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as implemented by school mental health (SMH) providers using a randomized trial design. Seventeen SMH providers from five school districts implemented the HOPS intervention. Forty-seven middle school students with ADHD (grades 6-8) were randomly assigned to receive the HOPS intervention or to a waitlist comparison group. Parent and teacher ratings of organizational skills and homework problems were collected pre- and post-intervention and at a 3-monoth follow-up, and school grades were also collected. Intervention participants demonstrated significant improvements relative to the waitlist comparison across parent-rated organized action (d = .88), materials management (d = .63), planning (d = 1.05), and homework completion behaviors (d = .85). Intervention participants did not make significant improvements relative to the comparison group according to teacher ratings. SMH providers were able to implement the HOPS intervention with fidelity despite the fact that no formal ongoing consultation was provided.
A Hybrid Snubber for Voltage-Balancing and Self-Powering of Series-Connected Devices

With SiC devices enabling much higher voltage converters with lower complexity, a modular switching position that eliminates some of the issues with medium-voltage converters (e.g., high isolation voltages and dv/dt’s) would be valuable. Full modularity requires the ability to stack any arbitrary number of units in series. A requirement for this functionality is voltage balancing between all series switches. This paper introduces a hybrid snubber that attempts to solve these dynamic and static voltage balancing issues as well as providing power for each switch from the bus to which it is connected. A method for determining the required component values is developed and simulations are used to test the viability of the circuit. Then, a 600 V prototype is constructed using two MOSFETs in series to confirm the functionality of the snubber.
Phase II trial of oral imatinib in combination with every-three-week intravenous docetaxel in patients with metastatic, hormone- refractory prostate cancer

15603 Background: Imatinib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor specific for Bcr-Abl, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and c-Kit. Inhibition of PDGFR abrogates pericyte migr...
“The Weight of Our Household Rests on My Shoulders”: Inequity in Family Work:

This study explores gendered work imbalance, particularly pertaining to parenthood, and posits a social justice perspective with equity theory. Participants for this study were mothers who disclose...
Interaction Between Alcohol Consumption and PNPLA3 Variant in the Prevalence of Hepatic Steatosis in the US Population.

Background & aims To our knowledge, the interaction between alcohol consumption and PNPLA3 genotype on hepatic steatosis has not been explored in a representative sample. To examine the interaction between alcohol consumption and PNPLA3 genotype on hepatic steatosis in the US adult population. Methods Cross-sectional study of 4,674 adult participants of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Phase 2 (1991-1994) with data on PNPLA3 genotype, self-reported alcohol consumption, ultrasound-defined hepatic steatosis and socio-demographic characteristics. Results In 1991-1994 in the U.S. population, the weighted allele frequency of the G (risk) allele of the rs738409 at PNPLA3 was 25.4%. We confirmed both a J shaped association between alcohol consumption and hepatic steatosis among those with the CC genotype of PNPLA3, and a higher prevalence of hepatic steatosis among those with PNPLA3 gene G variant. We found evidence of an interaction of PNPLA3 G allele presence on the association between moderate alcohol consumption and hepatic steatosis on both the multiplicative (relative prevalence ratio [RPR]=1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-3.65) and additive scales (relative excess risk due to interaction=0.49, 95% CI 0.13-0.85). Compared to never drinkers, moderate alcohol drinking was associated with a 48% decreased risk of hepatic steatosis only among those without PNPLA3 G allele (PR=0.52, 95% CI 0.26-1.05), with no association among those with at least one copy of the PNPLA3 G allele (PR=1.02, 95% CI 0.68-1.54). Conclusions Our results suggest that a highly common and strong genetic susceptibility to liver disease is modifiable by the level of alcohol consumption. Keeping alcohol consumption low may offset genetic predisposition to liver disease.
Mutant TRP53-R172H Has Gain-of-Function or Dominant-Negative Effects in Response to Different Hematopoietic Stressors in Mice

Introduction. Mutations in TP53 are common (~18%) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia and often undergo loss of heterozygosity. Our understanding of the hematopoietic consequences of expressing mutant TP53-R175H, one of the most common mutations in MDS, is incomplete. In addition, whether TP53-R175H confers a loss-of-function, gain-of-function, or dominant-negative effect in response to chemotherapy has not been fully explored. Methods. We used a constitutive knock-in mouse model expressing TRP53-R172H (G-to-A substitution at nucleotide 515), corresponding to human mutant TP53-R175H. We generated Trp53R172H/+ and Trp53R172H/R172H mice and compared them to wild type (WT), Trp53+/-, and Trp53-/- mice. Peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) was analyzed in non-BM transplant conditions, following a non-competitive BM transplant, and following a competitive BM transplant with or without exposure to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU). Results. BM hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), including LSK-SLAM cells, were increased in Trp53+/- and Trp53-/-mice (n=4-8, 8-15 weeks old, P TP53 mutant cells can clonally expand in patients following cytotoxic chemotherapy. Therefore, we investigated the response of TRP53R172H/+ mutant cells to alkylator (ENU) exposure. We created mixed BM chimeric mice by transplanting test (WT, Trp53+/-, Trp53R172H/+ and Trp53-/-) and WT competitor BM in a 1:3 ratio, respectively. Following engraftment, chimeric mice received vehicle or ENU (2 doses of 100 mg/kg, 9 days apart). ENU-exposed Trp53R172H/+ cells have a robust PB multilineage competitive advantage relative to placebo (Fig. 1A, n = 4-5, 2-fold increase at 10 weeks post-ENU, P Next, we asked whether mutant TRP53-R172H has similar or different effects as Trp53 deletion following exposure to an alternative chemotherapy (5FU). We first treated mice with a single dose of 5FU (200 mg/kg) to deplete cells and monitored WBC count recovery for 4 weeks. Trp53R172H/+ mice had significantly higher recovery WBC counts compared to WT, Trp53+/-, andTrp53-/- mice (n = 5-15, P Collectively, the results indicate that mutant TRP53-R172H may induce a gain-of-function or a dominant-negative effect depending on the exposure to specific hematopoietic stresses. Download : Download high-res image (410KB) Download : Download full-size image Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
The Post-Crisis Growth Slowdown in Emerging Economies and the Role of Structural Reforms

This paper constructs indicators of structural bottlenecks arising from barriers to open markets, obstacles to business operations, and constraints to access to finance. Empirical evidence from a sample of 30 emerging economies indicates that barriers to open markets and access to finance are significantly associated with differences in total factor productivity growth in the post-global financial crisis period compared with the pre-crisis period -- with countries with fewer barriers showing stronger recovery and resilience. Barriers to access to finance are also associated with differences in the performance of private investment. Reforms to improve the policy framework in these areas, up to the level of the best-ranking countries, could offset the recently observed growth slowdown in emerging economies. These reforms would revitalize potential growth and mitigate the risks from external shocks associated with the global environment in the transition from the global financial crisis.
'Cradled on the Sea': Positive Images of Prison and Theories of Punishment

This interdisciplinary study investigates the meanings of incarceration through an analysis of prison memoirs and novels. It argues that many prisoners and non-prisoners exhibit powerful positive associations to penal confinement. The Article draws on psychoanalysis, philosophy, and sociology to account for the various kinds of allure that prison exerts. The Article also considers the interrelationships between the analysis of the positive images and three traditional purposes of punishment: rehabilitation, deterrence, and retribution.
Mujeres tejedoras del conocimiento: Mam Maya women curating past and present to weave the future in Guatemala

In this paper, I explore the political potentialities the ­women’s collective in the Mam Maya town of Toj Coman Guatemala open when they bring the historical moment of the Spanish invasion into the...
Formulation and processing of dual functional Adsorbent/Catalyst structured monoliths using an additively manufactured contactor for direct Capture/Conversion of CO2 with cogeneration of ethylene

Abstract Utilizing CO2 as a mild oxidant for oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (ODHE) is an attractive way of recycling this greenhouse contaminant. Typically, CO2 capture and conversion processes are performed in separate beds, however, combining these processes into one bed incurs advantages of lower thermal gradient and reduced energy costs. This study formulated the first generation of structured dual-functional materials (DFMs) by directly 3D printing metal-oxide-CaO/ZSM-5 inks into monolithic contactors. Specifically, we 3D-printed monoliths with V, Ga, Ni, or Ti dopants to perform metal screening and determine which metal generates the best structured DFM for combined CO2 capture and utilization in ODHE. The samples were vigorously characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 physisorption, NH3-temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD), H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Pyridine Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (Py-FTIR). Their CO2 capture/ODHE performances were assessed with CO2 adsorption at 600 °C and ODHE of 25 mL/min 7% C2H6 at 700 °C. The combined adsorption/catalysis experiments indicated that the best performance was observed in V-CaO/ZSM-5 which achieved a staggeringly high CO2 capture (5.4 mmol/g), 65.2% CO2 conversion, 36.5% C2H6 conversion, 98% C2H4 selectivity, and 35.8% C2H4 yield as well as zero thermal cracking after 40 min-on-stream. This performance exceeded that of any previously reported material for combined CO2 capture and ODHE utilization, indicating this novel printing method can generate DFMs with exceptional potential for combined CO2 capture and utilization processes.
Solid Fossil Fuels (Mostly Coal): Processes and Properties

Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel known to exist in the United States. Present recoverable reserves are estimated to be nearly 300 billion tons (DTA, 1979), with potential total reserves far in excess of this amount. Deposits of coal are located in most regions in the United States as illustrated in Figure 2.1. Estimated production of coal by the year 2000 will be nearly two billion tons per year with the bulk being consumed through combustion processes as illustrated in Figure 2.2. Thus, present recoverable reserves are adequate to meet the nation’s coal needs for many decades and potentially much longer.
Instructional Implications: Toward Visual Thinking in Mathematics

In this closing chapter, I should point out that we certainly have come a long way since the time Klotz (1991) asserted that “visualization has a more important role to play in mathematics education” and the need to be “willing to ask hard questions about this approach” (p. 103). Research data from a variety of sources at least in the last 20 years or so should help us deal with a nagging issue on visualization that Taussig (2009) has succinctly captured for us in the following way: “But to get to basics, why draw?1” (p. 265).
In Defense of the Asymmetric Convergence Model of Public Justification: A Reply to Boettcher

This piece defends the asymmetric convergence model of public justification in response to James Boettcher’s critique. I maintain both that Boettcher’s critique of asymmetric convergence fails and that his alternative view, Weak Public Justification, faces a number of serious challenges.
A rare case of late-onset lichenoid photodermatitis after vandetanib therapy.

Vandetanib (ZD6474, Zactima) is a novel inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases that has been used for the treatment of various malignancies including medullary thyroid carcinoma.1 The drug functions primarily via inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, epidermal growth factor receptors, and the RET-tyrosine kinase system.2 As with other targeted chemotherapy agents, several cutaneous side effects including folliculitis, palmar-plantar hyperkeratosis, desquamation, cutaneous hyperpigmentation, and photosensitization have been reported.3, 4 Photosensitivity, although less commonly reported, was found to make up 37% of cutaneous adverse effects in one case series.3 Most of these patients were found to exhibit a sunburnlike erythema in sun-exposed regions with subsequent desquamation. However, a small subset of patients exhibited a phenotypically lichenoid photodermatitis and a lymphocytic interface dermatitis with basal vacuolization and keratinocyte apoptosis upon histopathology. Only a handful of cases describing similar lichenoid eruptions after vandetanib use have been reported, most of which developed within a few weeks after exposure.5, 6, 7, 8 We present a patient with a late-onset lichenoid photodermatitis that began 5 months after initiation of vandetanib therapy.