cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Refractory Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-associated Hypophysitis.

To the Editor: The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) has been reported in diseases involving the central nervous system (CNS). However, SIADH is rarely reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)1,2,3,4,5,6. We present a case of a 34-year-old woman with a history of SLE who was diagnosed with SLE in 2009 with polyarthritis, leukopenia, oral ulcers, alopecia, photosensitive rash, diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis, positive antinuclear antibody, and elevated dsDNA. Two months prior to presentation, she was transitioned from mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 500 mg bid to azathioprine (AZA) 50 mg daily because of the desire to attempt conception. One month later, she started having daily fevers, sore throat, photosensitive rash, tender posterior cervical lymphadenopathy, abdominal pain, and leukopenia. Because of the leukopenia, she was switched from AZA back to MMF. Her worsening leukopenia and elevated inflammatory markers were suggestive of an SLE flare and she was given a higher dose of prednisone. One month later, she developed abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Her medications included … Address correspondence to Dr. N. Yang, 60 Fenwood Road, Suite 3032X, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. E-mail: nyang2{at}partners.org
Cognitive and Affective Service Marketing Strategies for Fine Dining Resturant Managers

This study extends the research on the importance of attitudes and emotions related to consumption experience at fine dining establishments. Prior research suggests that emotions are a primary source of human motivation; for small business restaurant managers the role of emotions is critical in influencing satisfaction, attitudes, and intention of customers to return. Estimated coefficients from causal models show the relative impact of prior attitudes and emotion on satisfaction, post-consumption attitudes and intentions.
The 2017 Computational Structural Bioinformatics Workshop: CSBW 2017

The rapid accumulation of macromolecular structures presents a unique set of challenges and opportunities in the analysis, comparison, modeling, and prediction of macromolecular structures and interactions. This workshop aims to bring together researchers with expertise in bioinformatics, computational biology, structural biology, data mining, optimization and high performance computing to discuss new results, techniques, and research problems in computational structural bioinformatics.
Abstract 5504: TRAF3 acts as a tumor suppressor through modulation of TP53 and RB in human papillomavirus associated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

The number of human papillomavirus-associated (HPV+) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cases has increased sharply in recent years, especially among tonsillar and oropharyngeal cancers. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) network identified novel loss-of-function genomic alterations of TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) in a subset of HPV+ HNSCC specimens. Previously, most studies of TRAF3 function are from the immune system and lymphoid malignancies, where TRAF3 has been implicated as a ring-finger E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes anti-viral immunity, while inhibiting alternative NF-κB signaling by which DNA viruses can transform lymphoid cells. However, the function of TRAF3 and the mechanisms by which TRAF3 deficiency contributes to tumorigenesis are largely unknown. To explore the potential mechanisms of TRAF3 defects observed in the tumor subset identified by TCGA, we surveyed a panel of HPV+ HNSCC cell lines, and identified lines with lower steady-state protein levels of TRAF3 than normal oral keratinocytes. Functional studies show that TRAF3 expression leads to suppression of oncogenic phenotypes, including decreased alternative NF-κB signaling, cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration. Additionally, restoring TRAF3 increased anti-viral cytokine interferon alpha (IFNA) expression, and sensitivity to chemotherapy agent cisplatin. The anti-proliferative activity of TRAF3 was partially mediated by restoration of expression of classical tumor suppressor genes, TP53 and RB, which are degraded in HPV+ cancers. TRAF3 re-expression increased the steady-state protein levels of TP53 and gene expression of TP53AIP, which mediates cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Knockdown of TP53 in TRAF3 transfected cell lines partially reversed the slowed cell growth rate, supporting the contribution of TP53 to TRAF3 mediated growth inhibition. TRAF3 expression also increased RB protein expression and decreased RB regulated transcription factor E2F1, which regulates cellular genes involved in cell proliferation and DNA synthesis. In conclusion, we have revealed a novel role whereby TRAF3 loss leads to enhanced HPV mediated repression of the TP53 and RB tumor suppressors that control cell growth and cell death in HPV+ HNSCCs. (Supported by NIDCD intramural project ZIA-DC-000016, 73 and 74) Citation Format: Tony Wayne Chen, Jialing Zhang, Xinping Yang, Zhong Chen, Carter Van Waes. TRAF3 acts as a tumor suppressor through modulation of TP53 and RB in human papillomavirus associated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5504.
Dalteparin: a low-molecular-weight heparin

ObjectiveTo discuss the chemistry, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics of dalteparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), and to review the comparative clinical trial data evaluating the efficacy...
Prevalence, Form, and Function of Consolidated Public Safety Departments in the United States:

Most communities in the United States provide fire and police services through separate departments, but some operate a single consolidated one for police, fire, and, frequently, emergency medical ...
Applications of seislet transform and signal and noise orthogonalization to seismic data from the Middle East

Abstract Separation of signal and noise is a challenging process in seismic processing, particularly for seismic data acquired in a desert environment, where the near surface is very complex and the recorded data suffers from signal scattering and ambient noise contamination. Classic transforms, such as the Fourier or the wavelet transform , have a number of limitations in representing complex seismic wavefields, because of the nonstationarity of seismic data, as they operate on a one-dimensional scale. Advanced algorithms are needed to address these challenges. In recent years, multiscale methods, such as the seislet transform, have started to be utilized by the industry to address these challenges. The seislet transform is an effective sparse multiscale wavelet-like transform specifically tailored for optimal representation of seismic data. The transform computes multiscale orthogonal basis functions, which are aligned along varying slopes or dips of seismic events in the input data. To effectively separate signal and noise, one needs to further estimate any signal component that has leaked into the noise estimate and restore it back to the separated signal. This is achieved by an innovative and recently developed signal-and-noise orthogonalization technique. In this approach, we first estimate the signal component using one of the transforms. We then apply the orthogonalization scheme to retrieve the leaked signal energy and restore it back to the initial signal estimate. We have applied the seislet transform and signal and noise orthogonalization to several field datasets with the aim of improving the signal-to-noise ratio, increasing the frequency bandwidth and enhancing the image quality.
Translating Tierra Baldía: Land, Landscape, and the Becoming of Frontier Terrain in Northwestern Ecuador

This article analyses the creation of a remote parish in the Intag region of northwestern Ecuador in 1940 as a way to explore the articulation and enactment of tierra baldia (unclaimed land) in twe...
The Role of Acculturation and Social Capital in Access to Health Care: A Meta-study on Hispanics in the US

A meta-study of 83 articles published from 1981 to 2016 was conducted on Hispanics access to health care in the US. Few of these studies have included acculturation and even fewer the role of social capital as important factors that impact healthcare access for this population. Among those that do include these two factors, there is confusion as to how they are defined and operationalized. Acculturation and social capital could serve to overcome some of the structural barriers in place that manifest stronger among Hispanics who are relatively newcomers to a healthcare system that is highly complex to navigate. The majority of studies included in this systematic review of the literature are in public health journals, which do not focus on sociological aspects as much. This study exposes the need to expand the worldviews used in the literature in order to enrich our understanding of access to health care for Hispanics.
Evaluating the Effect of Geometry and Control on Freeway Merge Bottleneck Capacity

This paper evaluates the impact of geometric and operational features on freeway capacity at merge bottleneck locations, by analyzing pre-breakdown flow rates and using parametric and non-parametric techniques. These features include number of lanes, free-flow speed or speed limit, length of acceleration lane, and presence or ramp metering. The analysis was carried out on seventeen freeway merge sites across the United States. The number of lanes showed negative relationship with the per-lane average pre-breakdown flow rate. Sites equipped with ramp meters also showed higher pre-breakdown flow rates than unmetered sites. In survival analysis, the number of lanes and presence of ramp meters were the only features found to have a statistically significant impact on the survival (or breakdown) probability. Capacities, defined at the flow rate that corresponds to 15 percent breakdown probability, were 2,048, 1,959, and 1,745 pc/hr/ln at three-lane, four-lane, and five-lane unmetered sites, respectively. Capacities were 2,248 pc/hr/ln at three-lane and 2,132 pc/hr/ln at four-lane metered sites. The effect of acceleration lane length and Free Flow Speed (FFS) on pre-breakdown flow rate and survival probability was not found to be significant.
From precision medicine to precision public health

Precision medicine is an emerging approach for disease treatment and prevention based on each individual's variability in genes, metabolic status, environments, and lifestyles. The features of precision medicine include the application of mobile health technologies, i. e., wearable devices, and novel big-data style analytical approaches, as well as utilization of high-throughput " omics" data. Precision public health applies concepts and tools of precision medicine to public health and epidemiology, which employs " omics" technologies and approaches emerging from big data analytics, and focuses on gene-environmental interactions in relation to disease risk. Precision public health will improve the accuracy of disease risk prediction, lead to more individualized dietary and lifestyle intervention and disease prevention, and ultimately benefit broader population and decrease overall healthcare expenditure. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2016, 32: 711-715) Key words: Precision medicine; Public health
Does Physician Pay Affect Procedure Choice and Patient Health? Evidence from Medicaid C-Section Use

I investigate the relationship between physician pay, C-section use, and infant health, using vital statistics data and newly collected data on Medicaid payments to physicians. First, I confirm past results—when Medicaid pays doctors relatively more for C-sections, they perform them more often. I bolster the causal interpretation of this result by showing that salaried doctors do not respond to this pay differential, and by using a much larger sample of states and years. Second, unlike past work, I look at how changing physician pay affects infant health outcomes. I find that increased C-section use is associated with fewer infant deaths for births likely covered by Medicaid, suggesting that C-section rates may be too low for some groups. Taken together, these findings suggest that policies aimed at decreasing costs by lowering procedure use may have adverse health consequences, especially for low-income patients.
Racial disparities in use of non-emergency outpatient care by Medicaid-eligible adults after release from prison: Wisconsin, 2015-2017.

Abstract Background Black individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) are less likely to receive effective treatment and more likely to be incarcerated compared to White individuals. Despite this, research documenting racial disparities in healthcare use among people with SUD releasing from prison is limited. Objectives The goals of this study are to: 1) assess racial disparities in Medicaid enrollment among individuals released from prison with a history of substance use; and 2) characterize racial disparities in outpatient service use, emergency department (ED) use, and receipt of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) among those who do enroll in Medicaid. Methods This study included individuals with a history of substance use that were released from Wisconsin state correctional facilities from April 2015 through June 2017. Medicaid enrollment and claims data were analyzed to compare healthcare utilization 6 months post-release between individuals identifying as Black, White, or other races. The total sample included 15,621 prison releases among 14,400 unique persons with a history of substance abuse. Results Among the 15,621 prison releases, 10,836 (69.4%) were enrolled in Medicaid in the month of release. The proportion of prison releases among individuals of other races who enrolled in Medicaid (506/934, 54.2%) was significantly lower than the proportion among Black individuals (3679/5306, 69.3%) and White individuals (6651/9381, 70.9%). Among the subset of 7685 releases enrolled in Medicaid for 6 months post-release, 5040 (65.6%) had an outpatient visit within 6 months; 73.9% of White, 51.3% of Black, and 66.9% of other individuals. Relative to White individuals, Black individuals were 0.324 times less likely (P Conclusions Black adults with a history of substance use are significantly less likely than White adults to use non-emergency outpatient services after release from incarceration. Improving equitable access to outpatient services is needed to reduce health disparities across racial groups.
P87 Imparting Anti-Diet and Weight Inclusive Approaches in a University Dietetics Curriculum

Objective To evaluate student agreement with weight-inclusive principles in a university Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) course. Use of Theory or Research Preoccupation with diet culture is an emerging topic in dietetics education that is shifting how students view weight and body image. This course introduced Health at Every Size® and Intuitive Eating concepts to the existing weight-normative approaches typically delivered in dietetics coursework. Target Audience One hundred undergraduate students enrolled in a senior-level MNT course. Course/Curriculum Description The 4-credit course includes weight-normative approaches to obesity prevention and treatment with an emphasis on body weight in defining health and disease management, including diet, exercise, and behavior change. Weight-inclusive concepts, which uncouple weight and health, center body diversity, and advocate for non-stigmatizing healthcare, were added to the course in spring 2020 through class discussions, guest speakers, and the assigned popular-press book Anti-Diet, along with required reflections after each chapter. Evaluation Methods Student agreement with weight inclusive principles was assessed using a 5-point scale with 1 referring to agreement that dieting is appropriate for weight loss and 5 in agreement of the use of weight inclusive approaches. Statistical analyses included multivariate linear regression, paired t test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results Agreement with weight-inclusive principles increased significantly by 0.051 units/chapter, with statistically significant spikes in upward agreement after chapters 3, 6, and 8. The paired t test showed a mean gain in agreement from the end of chapter 1 to the end of chapter 11 of 0.565 points (33%) with a 95% CI of (0.369, 0.760). A Wilcoxon signed rank test likewise showed a significant increase in agreement from chapters 1-11 (P Conclusion Introducing anti-diet principles into a traditional weight-normative curriculum was effective in shifting student agreement with weight-inclusive practices. This project also demonstrated feasibility of incorporating a contemporary companion book project within a pre-existing MNT curriculum that is inclusive of the many ways in which nutrition professionals approach health.
Positive marketing: Introduction to the special section

Abstract This introduction provides an overview to the papers in this special edition, which collectively describe what it means for organizations to engage in positive marketing, including helping their non-optimizing customers make better decisions.
Physical Properties of the New Superconductors

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the generic aspects of the new superconductors, taking YBCO (Y1Ba2Cu3O7) as a typical example because it was the first of the 90-K superconductors to be discovered and it has been studied most thoroughly. The properties of granular superconductors have been studied in two primary contexts: (1) in materials such as granular aluminum or niobium nitride and (2) in fabricated two-dimensional arrays of superconducting thin film islands weakly connected to their neighbors by tunnel junctions or by normal metal proximity-effect weak links. Such systems typically show a two-stage transition to superconductivity upon cooling. First, at the transition temperature of the superconducting grain or island, the resistance drops, reflecting the loss of the resistance of the grains or islands. Upon further cooling, the resistance drops continuously as the Josephson coupling energy in the weak links begins to overcome thermal fluctuations and introduce correlations between the phases of the superconducting wave functions on the various islands. Finally, at a lower temperature, the phases lock together to give long-range phase coherence and zero resistance.
Do Ticker Symbols Matter

I investigate whether investors prefer stocks with more linguistically fluent tickers (MAK, SOM) to those with less linguistically fluent tickers (WQH, JZU) in an experimental setting. Consistent with investor rationality, survey results indicate that, for both riskless and risky investments, individuals do not exhibit differential preferences for stocks with pronounceable versus unpronounceable tickers. Additionally, individuals aren’t willing to pay more for former versus latter stocks. The implication is that corporate boards should not attribute high importance to ticker choice.
Nonparametric channel characterization and signal detection in nongaussian interference

The study is concerned with the development of effective nonparametric probability density estimators and detectors for impulsive noise channels. Two estimators are proposed: the first is particular to envelope densities while the second is designed for instantaneous amplitude densities. >
Dirty Paper Coding versus Linear GSVD-Based Precoding in MIMO Broadcast Channel with Confidential Messages

This paper studies linear beamforming based on the generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD) for the two-receiver multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Gaussian broadcast channel with confidential messages. The transmitter has two independent messages, each of which is intended for one of the receivers but needs to be kept as secret as possible from the other. Recently, it has been proved that, under an input power-covariance constraint, the secret dirty paper coding (S-DPC) scheme is optimal, but under the average power constraint, there is not a computable secrecy capacity expression for the general MIMO case. In fact, for this case, the secrecy capacity region must in general be found through an exhaustive search over the set of all possible matrix power constraints. Clearly, this exhaustive search, as well as the complexity of dirty-paper encoding and decoding, motivates us to consider low complexity linear beamforming technique whose performance is close to the optimal S-DPC scheme. In this paper, we propose a GSVD-based beamforming scheme for the general MIMO broadcast channel with confidential messages. Moreover, an optimal power allocation is obtained to maximize the sum-secrecy rates for the GSVD-based beamforming technique, under the average power constraint. Numerical results are presented to illustrate that the secrecy rate region of the linear precoding approach is nearly identical to that of the optimal S-DPC scheme.
Improved constrained optimization method for CDMA systems

The constrained optimization method has been shown to be applicable for direct CDMA receiver design. However, due to the presence of additive noise and multipath distortion, the optimal constraint is a biased estimate for the channel, resulting in some performance loss of the constrained receiver compared with the MMSE receiver. This loss becomes more significant for the lower SNRs. It is shown in this paper that constrained optimization is closely related to the subspace method which can give a good estimate for the channel. Motivated by this result, a modified cost function is proposed to obtain the constraint with less complexity than the subspace method and better performance than the previously proposed constrained method.
On epistemic logic with justification

The true belief components of Plato's tripartite definition of knowledge as justified true belief are represented in formal epistemology by modal logic and its possible worlds semantics. At the same time, the justification component of Plato's definition did not have a formal representation. This paper introduces the notion of justification into formal epistemology. Epistemic logic with justification, along with the usual knowledge operator sF (F is known), contains assertions t:F (t is a justification for F). We suggest an epistemic semantics which augments Kripke models with a natural Fitting-style treatment of justification assertions t:F. Completeness and some new specific properties of basic systems of epistemic logic with justification are established.
Offshoring and Trade Balance in Developed and Emerging Economies

This paper analyzes the effects of off-shore outsourcing for international trade, especially for the emerging and poor economies, in a two-sector specific factor model, with a nontraded good being one of the sectors. The phenomenon of offshoring is modeled by incorporating the reduced use of domestic labor in the production function. This is regarded as a characteristic feature of offshoring in the literature. We find that increased offshoring leads to an increase in the relative price of the nontraded good. Given that this relative price can be interpreted as the real exchange rate, increased offshoring leads to exchange rate appreciation. This suggests that offshoring actually makes the goods and services from the emerging economies more competitive in the world market, and thus can be a contributory factor in the positive trade balance experienced by many emerging economies since early 2000s.
Selective Loss of Suppressor Cell Function in New Zealand Mice Induced by NTA

New Zealand mice develop a naturally occurring thymocytotoxic antibody (NTA) which increases in titer with age. This antibody causes a loss of recirculating peripheral T cells and interferes with T cell functions. To study the potential pathogenic role of NTA in murine autoimmune disease, NZB/W mice were injected daily with NTA-containing serum starting at 3 to 5 days of age. Littermate controls received normal mouse serum (NMS). After 4.5 weeks of treatment, spleen cells from female NZB/W mice treated with NTA had a significant increase in capacity to induce graft- vs -host disease in newborn Swiss mice, suggesting a deficiency of suppressor cells. Con A-activated spleen cells from NMS-treated animals suppressed IgM synthesis in vitro ; however, Con A-activated spleen cells from NTA-treated mice were not suppressive. The NTA-induced loss of suppressor cell function was prevented by prior absorption of the NTA with thymocytes. Cells from control (NMS-treated) and NTA-treated litter-mates responded similarly to mitogens (Con A, PHA, PWM, LPS) and allogeneic lymphocytes in vitro . Although the number of nucleated spleen cells and splenic B cells was not changed by NTA treatment, a moderate reduction of T cells was seen (37% to 26% Thy 1.2 positive cells). Nevertheless, NTA treatment did not alter either skin allograft injection or the antibody response to immunization with the T-dependent antigen SRBC. These studies suggest that NTA causes a selective loss of suppressor cells in NZB/W mice, supporting the hypothesis that NTA may play a pathogenic role in murine autoimmunity.
Broadcast-Based Data Access in Wireless Environments

Broadcast is one of the most suitable forms of information dissemination over wireless networks. It is particularly attractive for resource limited mobile clients in asymmetric communications. To support faster access to information and conserve battery power of mobile clients, a number of indexing schemes have been proposed in recent years. In this paper, we report on our extensive study of some of the most representative indexing schemes. We present a novel adaptive testbed for evaluating wireless data access methods. A comprehensive analytical study of the sample indexing schemes is also presented. Exhaustive simulations of these indexing schemes have been conducted. As a result, selection criteria for the suitability of the indexing schemes for different applications are proposed.
Efficient secure outsourcing of large-scale linear systems of equations

Solving large-scale linear systems of equations (LSEs) is one of the most common and fundamental problems in big data. But such problems are often too expensive to solve for resource-limited users. Cloud computing has been proposed as a timely, efficient, and cost-effective way of solving such computing tasks. Nevertheless, one critical concern in cloud computing is data privacy. To be more prominent, in many cases, clients's LSEs contain private data that should remain hidden from the cloud for ethical, legal, or security reasons. Many previous works on secure outsourcing of LSEs have high computational complexity. More importantly, they share a common serious problem, i.e., a huge number of external memory I/O operations. This problem has been largely neglected in the past, but in fact is of particular importance and may eventually render those outsourcing schemes impractical. In this paper, we develop an efficient and practical secure outsourcing algorithm for solving large-scale LSEs, which has both low computational complexity and low memory I/O complexity and can protect clients' privacy well. We implement our algorithm on a real-world cloud server and a laptop. We find that the proposed algorithm offers significant time savings for the client (up to 65%) compared to previous algorithms.
Evaluation of spermiation indices with multiple sperm collections in endangered sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus).

Contents This study investigated the effects of multiple collections of sperm on endangered sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) sperm functional parameters [spermatozoa motility and curvilinear velocity (VCL)] as well as on protein concentration and osmolality of seminal plasma. The average sperm volume and mean spermatozoa concentration per male were significantly altered with multiple collections. On the other hand, no significant effect of multiple collections on protein concentration of seminal plasma was observed. In all experimental groups, moderate impact of sequential collection on osmolality (p < 0.05) of seminal plasma was observed. Ninety to 100% of motile spermatozoa were observed at 15 s after activation, with an average VCL of 181.12 ± 19.10 μm/s. After 90 s, average VCL decreased to 130 ± 26 μm/s. Motility was maintained for up to 4 min. The maximum percentage of motile spermatozoa was observed after the third collection of sperm. The spermatozoa VCL increased significantly with subsequent collections. The results of this study provide new data on the effects of multiple collections on quantitative and qualitative parameters of sperm in sterlet. The data confirmed that the sequential stripping has no negative effect on the percentage of motility and spermatozoa velocity. This should be beneficial for the development of sterlet aquaculture programs.
Bringing Free-Riders into the Fold: Exploring the Link between Procedural Fairness and Union Membership in the Federal Government

Little research focuses on how management in the public sector influences outcomes relevant to unions, such as membership rates. Membership is a particularly vexing problem in right-to-work environments, like the federal government, where no requirements exist for any dues payments. This research considers the association between management-directed procedural justice perceptions and the propensity to pay union dues in the federal government. In summary, the findings presented here indicate that an increase in management-directed procedural justice perceptions is associated with a decreased probability that a federal line-employee will choose to be a member of a union. Likewise, minorities are more likely than non-minorities to be union members.
Youth’s Perceptions of Parental Support and Parental Knowledge as Moderators of the Association Between Youth–Probation Officer Relationship and Probation Non-compliance

As a community-based sanction, juvenile probation exemplifies the potential of both communities and families to make significant contributions in promoting positive changes among offending youth. Yet, surprisingly little research has explored the nature of these relationships and its association with offending. This study (1) examined the associations between youth-officer relationships, youth perceptions of parental support and knowledge, and probation non-compliance and (2) explored the role of parental support and knowledge as moderators of the association between youth-officer relationships and probation non-compliance among 110 youth supervised on probation (23 % females; 60 % African American). The findings showed that tough or punitive youth-officer relationships were associated with greater counts of technical violations, but fewer counts of delinquent offenses. Parental support was associated with fewer counts of delinquent offenses and parental knowledge was associated with fewer counts of both delinquent offenses and technical violations. These findings provide evidence to the important role of both parents and probation officers and underscore the potential benefits of parent-officer collaboration in facilitating successful interventions among offending youth.
Analysis of Mercurial Preservatives in Bacterins, Vaccines, and Antisera by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

A flameless atomic absorption method was developed for the determination of mercurial preservatives in biologicals. The assay was based on a quantitative determination of the mercury content of these preservatives. This method was used to analyze a variety of samples and yielded reproducible results with satisfactory recoveries. The procedure is presented in a simplified block diagram and described in detail relating its suitability for routine assay of large numbers of samples.
Civil-Military Tensions during the Kangxi Emperor’s First Southern Tour

Starting with a court debate which broke out in the spring of 1684, this essay explores the multivalent symbolism of the Kangxi emperor’s first imperial tour to Shandong and Jiangsu provinces in the fall of 1684. Some courtiers advocated treating the Kangxi emperor’s touring activities as a rite of conquest, while others saw them as an exercise in sagely rule and benevolent civil governance. Here I suggest that this ritual controversy revealed a tension between civil and military values within the political culture of the Qing court. Furthermore, this ideological tension became most acute and apparent during the Kangxi emperor’s “eastern” and “southern” tours of 1684, when the imperial procession approached and crossed certain culturally and symbolically significant locations. As such, we are reminded that the legitimization of Qing rule was never fully complete, but was rather an open-ended and ongoing historical process.
Microencapsulation of living cells and tissues

Novel processes for the microencapsulation of human and mammalian cells and tissues have been developed (1,2). The in vitro studies of microencapsulated mammalian cells were discussed at the last International Symposium on Microencapsulation in 1979 (2). The report described how in situ microcapsular membranes were formed around living cells, such as human red blood cells, rat hepatoma cells, human sperm cells, and rat pancreatic islets, by the polysalt-bonding of polyelectrolytes of opposite charges.
Studies on fibrinogen turnover before and after whole body x-irradiation in the rat.

The biological half life for in vivo screened I/sup 131/ labeled rat fibrinogen injected intravenously in normal rats was found to be 1.5 days. After 8 to 7 days the apparent biological half life changed to 2.7 days. The apparent wholebody turnover of I/sup 131/ fibrinogen after whole-body x irradiation was the same for both irradiated and control rats. However, the data on plasma I/sup 131/ fibrinogen indicate that fibrinogen leaves the vascular space at an enhanced rate after whole-body irradiation. (auth)
Cone arrestin binding to JNK3 and Mdm2: conformational preference and localization of interaction sites.

Arrestins are multi-functional regulators of G protein-coupled receptors. Receptor-bound arrestins interact with >30 remarkably diverse proteins and redirect the signaling to G protein-independent pathways. The functions of free arrestins are poorly understood, and the interaction sites of the non-receptor arrestin partners are largely unknown. In this study, we show that cone arrestin, the least studied member of the family, binds c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK3) and Mdm2 and regulates their subcellular distribution. Using arrestin mutants with increased or reduced structural flexibility, we demonstrate that arrestin in all conformations binds JNK3 comparably, whereas Mdm2 preferentially binds cone arrestin ‘frozen’ in the basal state. To localize the interaction sites, we expressed separate N- and C-domains of cone and rod arrestins and found that individual domains bind JNK3 and remove it from the nucleus as efficiently as full-length proteins. Thus, the arrestin binding site for JNK3 includes elements in both domains with the affinity of partial sites on individual domains sufficient for JNK3 relocalization. N-domain of rod arrestin binds Mdm2, which localizes its main interaction site to this region. Comparable binding of JNK3 and Mdm2 to four arrestin subtypes allowed us to identify conserved residues likely involved in these interactions.
Transcription in bacteriophage F1-infected Escherichia coli. I. Translation of the RNA in vitro.

Abstract We have extracted RNA from Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage f1 and have used it to program cell-free protein synthesis as a way of studying fl transcription. We were able to detect the products of fl genes III, V, and VIII but not the products of genes II and IV. These observations are discussed in terms of models of transcription. By adding rifampicin to f1-infected cells and extracting RNA at various times thereafter, we found that the RNA coding for gene V protein has a half-life of about 2.5 min, whereas the RNA coding for the gene VIII product seems to have a biphasic half-life. A part of the gene VIII mRNA also has a half-life of 2.5 min but the remainder has an extremely long half-life (at least 10 min). Early in phage infection all of the RNA which codes for gene VIII protein appears to be long lived.
Kinetic characterization of recombinant human cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase with and without a His10-tag.

Abstract We report the first kinetic characterization of human liver cytosolic GTP-dependent phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP-PEPCK), which plays a major role in the development of type 2 diabetes in human. In this work two recombinant forms of the enzyme were studied. One form had a His10-tag and the other was His-tag-free, and with one exception, both exhibited similar kinetic properties. When Mn2+ was used as the sole divalent cation, the His10-tagged enzyme, but not the His-tag-free enzyme, was increasingly inhibited at Mn2+ concentrations greater than 0.7 mM. This inhibition did not pose any problem in kinetic analysis, for within the relevant Mn2+ concentration range the His-tagged human PEPCK behaved almost identically to the tag-free enzyme. This property will bring simplicity and speed to purifying and studying multiple structural variants of this important enzyme. Apparent Km values of tag-free enzyme for phosphoenolpyruvate, GDP and bicarbonate were 450, 79 and 20,600 μM, respectively, while those for oxaloacetate and GTP were 4 and 23 μM, respectively, emphasizing the enzyme's gluconeogenic character. Bicarbonate (> 100 mM) inhibited OAA-forming activity, which was a new observation with a GTP-PEPCK. The apparent Km for Mn2+ in the PEP-forming direction was 30-fold lower than that for the OAA-forming direction. Mn2+ and bicarbonate or CO2 might regulate the enzyme in vivo.
Methylation of H4 lysines 5, 8 and 12 by yeast Set5 calibrates chromatin stress responses

Methylation of histones is central to chromatin regulation, and thus previously unknown mechanisms regulating genome function can be revealed through the discovery of new histone methyl marks. Here we identify Set5 as the first histone H4 methyltransferase, which monomethylates the critical H4 lysine residues 5, 8 and 12 in budding yeast. Set5's enzymatic activity functions together with the global chromatin-modifying complexes COMPASS and NuA4 to regulate cell growth and stress responses.
TURBULENT WAKE BEHIND SLENDER PROPELLER-DRIVEN BODIES AT ANGLE OF ATTACK

Several previously unstudied effects on the turbulent wake of propeller-driven bodies are examined. The first is the effect of body pitch angle on the wake properties. The second is the addition of an appendage such as a "sail" to an axisymmetric body. The third is the effect of replacing a single propeller by an equivalent set of side-by-side, counter-rotating propellers.
The significance of body size in territorial interactions of male beewolves (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, Philanthus)

Abstract In many species of the sphecid wasp genus Philanthus, males defend their mating territories. Field observations on three species, Philanthus crabroniformis, P. pulcher, and P. psyche, demonstrated that size differences among males influenced the outcome of competition for territories. Body size varies considerably within males of all three species. In P. crabroniformis, 100%, and in P. pulcher, 97% of aggressive interactions on territories were won by the larger of the two contestants. I captured resident males from territories, and then monitored for the arrival of replacement males. These manipulations yielded several interesting results: (1) individuals from large pools of non-territorial males quickly assumed possession of abandoned territories, (2) the original residents removed from territories were significantly larger in mean body size than those that replaced them, and (3) only 8% of the replacing males were larger than the orginal resident of the territory. The results suggest a sizeconditional strategy in which larger males defend or usurp territories and smaller males opportunistically take over territories that have been abandoned (e.g. the resident leaves to feed or is preyed upon).
Effect of angiotensin infusion on regional blood flow and regional vascular resistance in the rat

The effects of infusions of angiotensin of 0.05 to 0.5 µg./Kg./min. on the cardiac output, arterial blood pressure, and regional blood flow in the rat have been measured. Angiotensin increases the blood pressure without increasing the cardiac output; the total peripheral resistance is increased. Territorial resistances show varying degrees of increase, ranging from the cerebral vascular resistance, which is reduced or unchanged, to the renal vascular resistance, which shows a 100 to 200 per cent increase. The smallest increases in resistance in other organs are seen in the heart and lungs, which are unchanged, and the spleen and adrenal, which show minimal elevations. Larger changes are seen in the carcass, gut, and skin. The overall appearance of the changes in the distribution of blood flow in the animal infused with angiotensin suggests that blood flow is diverted from the kidneys to those organs most concerned with the immediate response of the organism to an emergency.
Classification of Clutter Types in Active Sonar Using Spatial Image Processing Techniques

Clutter (e.g., reverberation and bottom structures) can lead to excessive false alarm rates (identifying clutter as submarines) in antisubmarine warfare (ASW) active sonar systems. False alarm reduction is an important marine challenge in an era where ASW has shifted from noisy submarines in deep waters to quiet submarines in highly cluttered littoral regions. In this paper, physically motivated image processing features have been developed and are extracted from digitized clutter images for the purpose of classifying these images. The ability to automatically classify these images can ultimately be applied in situ to tactical systems to improve automated tracking and classification. The clutter images are generated by averaging mid-frequency active sonar acoustic returns, which have been convolved with an appropriate measurement error kernel, from sea trial archives over several pings of history. Match filtered, normalized mid-frequency data from the full two-dimensional tactical field are considered, which provides contextual information and avoids analyzing the complicated time series data directly. Marginal probability distributions of features extracted from each class and multi-class classification results using log-likelihood techniques are presented.
Optimum Deployment of Communications Relays in an Interference Environment

The use of communications relays is examined as a means of improving the operation of line-sight-links in an interference or jamming environment. Expressions are derived that define optimum relay locations and the number of relays. These relationships are functions of the system and interference parameters, as well as of the link and interference source geometry. Bounds on flight path orbits of airborne relays are also defined. Backlink operation with and without relays is considered, and the condition for identical relay locations for both forward link and backlink data flow is derived. The results obtained can be used to evaluate tradeoffs among the different options for reducing vulnerability to external interference.
Correlates of depressive symptoms in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Abstract: Purpose: To determine correlates of depression in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Methods: Data on 117 adolescents participating in a longitudinal study (72 F, 45 M; 95 W; age = 14.3 ± 2.0 yr; duration = 6.3 ± 3.7) were collected with the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), Diabetes Family Behavior Scale (DFBS), Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES), and chart review at study entry and 2-year follow-up. Results: Fifteen per cent of adolescents in this sample demonstrated depressive symptoms (CDI > 13) at study entry and 10% at 2 yr follow-up. Adolescents aged 14.1–16 yr and those with diabetes > 10 yr demonstrated the highest rates. When demographic/clinical variables were controlled, the DFBS warmth-caring subscale (p = 0.001) and the FACES adaptability subscale (p = 0.005), but not DFBS guidance-control (p = 0.635), contributed significantly to the explained variance in depressive symptoms (R2 = 0.27) at study entry. At 2 yr follow-up, study entry CDI scores were the only significant predictor of depressive symptoms (R2 = 0.40). By 2 yr, adolescents with depressive symptoms had significantly higher HbA1c than those without (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in adolescents with type 1 diabetes coupled with the potential impact of depressive symptoms on metabolic control suggest the need for early diagnosis and treatment. Greater attention to psychosocial outcomes of youth, family functioning, and the potential burden of diabetes over time to youth/families is indicated.
Size Effects in Barium Titanate Particles and Clusters

Clustering has an important effect on the tetragonal-cubic transformation of barium titanate (BaTiO3) particles. Small particles that would be cubic if they were by themselves can be tetragonal if they are in a cluster. The effects of clustering are shown in the behavior of the c/a ratio of the particles and the enthalpy change, ΔH, of transition as a function of particle size. The c/a ratio and the value of ΔH both decrease at a smaller particle size than those which are observed in samples where clustering is minimal. Our results are consistent with the observation that very small grains in polycrystalline samples can remain tetragonal even though the grain size is so small that it would be cubic if it were an individual particle. The transition temperature, TC, on the other hand, is insensitive to the particle size, which is similar to the observation in polycrystalline BaTiO3 that TC is insensitive to the grain size. The observed clustering effect is suggested to result from the reduction of depolarization energy of particles in clusters.
Regulation of the activity of a new inhibitor of angiogenesis by a cancer suppressor gene

An inhibitor has been identified in the conditioned medium of hamster cells and hamster-human hybrids that suppresses neovascularization in vivo in the rat cornea. Inhibitory activity was tightly linked to the presence of an active cancer suppressor gene in transformants and revertants, in segregating hybrids, and in temperature-limited transformants. It copurified with a approximately 140 kd glycoprotein. Polyclonal antiserum raised against the purified preparation recognized a 140 kd protein in conditioned medium and was able to adsorb out all antiangiogenic activity. These results define the control of the activity of an inhibitor of neovascularization as one function of the cancer suppressor gene active in BHK21/cl13 cells and simultaneously identify a new inhibitor of angiogenesis, a process vital to the growth of solid tumors.
Laser-tissue interactions (bone and cartilage) at the 2.9-um erbium:YAG wavelength

A new flexible handheld delivery system for the Erbium:YAG laser has recently been developed. We studied the ability of this system to deliver energy levels sufficient to cut human cadaveric femoral condylar bone and meniscal tissue, and evaluated the histologic effects and quality of those cuts. Furrowing cuts were made with the 2.9-micrometers Erbium:YAG laser in human cadaveric femoral condylar bone and meniscal tissue. Multiple cuts were delivered through a flexible handpiece with a focusing tip using five different energy settings ranging from 200 mj to 1000 mj at 10 Hz. The tissue samples were fixed and stained with HE and Trichrome. Microscopic analysis was completed and data is reported as direct measurements of histologic damage based on differential staining characteristics. This study shows that sufficient energy to cut cartilage and bone can be delivered through a flexible handheld device. The cut surfaces showed outstanding quality and minimal tissue damage, especially when compared to the Ho:YAG, Nd:YAG, and the CO2 lasers, none of which adequately cut bone at the present time.© (1994) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.