cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cu(InGa)Se2 SOLAR CELLS ON A FLEXIBLE POLYMER WEB

Deposition of CuInGaSe2 films on 6-inch wide Mo coated polyimide web substrate in a roll-to-roll vapor deposition system from elemental sources is described. Material transport from the sources to the moving web substrate has been modeled by combining an evaporative effusion model and the gas flow kinetics and by experimentally determining the flux intensity profile. The model gives a reasonably good approximation of the Ga profile in the films. Poor adhesion of the selenide film to molybdenum has been resolved by depositing a thin layer of β-(Ga0.8In0.2)2Se3 precursor layer. Two-dimensional compositional mapping by energy dispersive spectroscopy of 5-feet-long web gave 0.88 ± 1.9% and 0.28 ± 2.5% respectively for Cu/(Ga+In) and Ga/(Ga+In) ratios, indicating highly uniform film composition. This compositional uniformity translated to the uniformity in the devices fabricated on the web. The open-circuit voltages of the devices from the centerline of the 5-feet web were measured to be 0.529 ± 0.86%. A two-dimensional device efficiency survey gave 9.2 ± 1%. The process was able to produce high-quality material, as defined by the best device efficiency, for a wide range of Cu/(Ga+In) ratios. The best efficiency achieved so far was 12.1% with MgF2 anti-reflection coating. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electron cyclotron masing and the force due to net stimulated bremsstrahlung in an electron cyclotron maser using a dilute non-relativistic electron beam

The amplification of an electromagnetic wave by net stimulated bremsstrahlung (the emission by stimulated bremsstrahlung minus the absorption by inverse bremsstrahlung) injected into a non-relativistic dilute electron beam travelling in a uniform magnetic field is considered. The d.c. ponderomotive force by net stimulated emission is calculated by using quantum kinetics. From the calculated ponderomotive force, the amplification of the intensity of the electromagnetic wave by the net stimulated bremsstrahlung is derived as a function of the relevant parameters of the electromagnetic wave and the electron beam. It is found that masing is possible when the perpendicular temperature of the electron beam is greater than its parallel temperature. It is shown that the efficiency of a practical gyrotron cannot be explained by the phase-bunching concept, and that simulated bremsstrahlung has nothing to do with any phase bunching.
Protective Equipment and Player Characteristics Associated With the Incidence of Sport-Related Concussion in High School Football Players: A Multifactorial Prospective Study

Background:The incidence of sport-related concussion (SRC) in high school football is well documented. However, limited prospective data are available regarding how player characteristics and protective equipment affect the incidence of SRC.Purpose:To determine whether the type of protective equipment (helmet and mouth guard) and player characteristics affect the incidence of SRC in high school football players.Design:Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.Methods:Certified athletic trainers (ATs) at each high school recorded the type of helmet worn (brand, model, purchase year, and recondition status) by each player as well as information regarding players’ demographics, type of mouth guard used, and history of SRC. The ATs also recorded the incidence and days lost from participation for each SRC. Incidence of SRC was compared for various helmets, type of mouth guard, history of SRC, and player demographics.Results:A total of 2081 players (grades 9-12) enrolled during the 2012 and/or 2013 football seasons (2...
Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is abundant in alveolar type II cells in lung cancer-sensitive mouse strains and in premalignant lesions

Overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is seen in a high percentage of human colon tumors, lung adenocarcinomas and other cancers. Inhibition of this enzyme represses human colon tumorigenesis and decreases lung tumor multiplicity in 4-((methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-exposed A/J mice. The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) during tumor progression in the A/J mouse lung and to compare the results with expression in other cancer-susceptible and several cancer-resistant mouse strains. Analysis of normal A/J mouse lung showed that type II alveolar epithelial cells express high levels of COX-2 protein and mRNA, indicating that COX-2 is present constitutively in this tumor progenitor cell prior to any carcinogen exposure. Examination of lung-cancer-resistant (C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, DBA/2J) and other lung-cancer-susceptible (A/ WySnJ, SWR/J) strains showed similar levels of COX-2 mRNA expression in the three susceptible strains and lower levels of expression in two of the resistant strains, indicating a possible correlation between COX-2 expression in type II cells and lung cancer susceptibility. COX-2 protein expression was observed in A/J lung tumors at all stages of development. Variation and occasional absence of protein expression were also observed in A/J lung tumors, particularly in adenomas and adenocarcinomas, suggesting that COX-2 is not obligatory for maintenance of the malignant phenotype. In support of this conclusion, treatment of xenografted cell lines derived from malignant murine pulmonary tumors with COX-2 inhibitors produced only a slight repression of growth. However, the frequent expression of COX-2 in early lesions in the A/J mouse lung combined with the known reduction in tumor number in animals treated with COX-2 inhibitors prior to carcinogen exposure indicate that COX-2 could be a promising target for lung cancer chemoprevention. In addition, high levels of COX-2 expression in the normal tumor-progenitor cells of lung-cancer-sensitive mice indicate that COX-2 may play a role in lung cancer susceptibility.
Orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in abstinent cocaine abusers performing a decision-making task

Cocaine abusers demonstrate faulty decision-making as manifested by their inability to discontinue self-destructive drug-seeking behaviors. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays an important role in decision-making. In this preliminary study we tested whether 25-day-abstinent cocaine abusers show alterations in normalized cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the OFC using PET with 15O during the Iowa Gambling Task (a decision-making task). This task measures the ability to weigh short-term rewards against long-term losses. A control task matched the sensorimotor aspects of the task but did not require decision-making. Cocaine abusers (N = 13) showed greater activation during performance of the Iowa Gambling Task in the right OFC and less activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) compared to a control group (N = 13). Better Iowa Gambling Task performance was associated with greater activation in the right OFC in both groups. Also, the amount of cocaine used (grams/week) prior to the 25 days of enforced abstinence was negatively correlated with activation in the left OFC. Greater activation in the OFC in cocaine abusers compared to a control group may reflect differences in the anticipation of reward while less activation in the DLPFC and MPFC may reflect differences in planning and working memory. These findings suggest that cocaine abusers show persistent functional abnormalities in prefrontal neural networks involved in decision-making and these effects are related to cocaine abuse. Compromised decision-making could contribute to the development of addiction and undermine attempts at abstinence.
A new approach to abstract data types, I Informal development

The concept of abstract data types (ADTs) has emerged in the last fifteen years or so as one of the major programming design tools, with the emphasis on modular construction of large-scale programe. ADTs provide the means for seperating how data objects may be used from the different ways in which they actually are, or might be, implemented. A foundation for the theory of compputation with ADTs must provide answers to such questions as: What are ADTs and how may they be specified? What does it mean to implement an ADT? How may we construct new ADTs from old ones? What does it mean to compute with ADTs? This paper is devoted to a new and rather general, constructively based approach to these questions.
PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION WITH DOWNSIDE CONSTRAINTS

We consider the portfolio optimization problem for an investor whose consumption rate process and terminal wealth are subject to downside constraints. In the standard financial market model that consists of d risky assets and one riskless asset, we assume that the riskless asset earns a constant instantaneous rate of interest, r > 0, and that the risky assets are geometric Brownian motions. The optimal portfolio policy for a wide scale of utility functions is derived explicitly. The gradient operator and the Clark–Ocone formula in Malliavin calculus are used in the derivation of this policy. We show how Malliavin calculus approach can help us get around certain difficulties that arise in using the classical “delta hedging” approach.
Gradient weighted CO-HOG for analysis of caudal vein structural changes in toxin exposed zebrafish embryo

In this paper, we propose an approach to detect abnormalities in the vascular development of zebrafish embryos due to exposure to toxins. Morphological changes due to toxin exposure is modeled based on the proposed gradient weighted co-occurrence histogram of oriented gradients (gCo-HOG). These features are compared to more commonly used histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) features and Co-HOG features that utilizes spatial distribution of neighboring pixels to capture spatial structure. The features are used to train a linear SVM classifier to identify morphological changes in a dataset of zebrafish embryo images. Results show that proposed gCo-HOG based technique clearly outperforms HOG and Co-HOG features. The importance of descriptor lies in the fact that features are discriminative enough to capture subtle morphological changes between normal anatomy and toxin induced changes.
A Chemosensor for Citrate in Beverages.

Competitive binding like that in immunoassays is the principle behind the chemosensor based on receptor 1, which was used to measure the concentration of citrate (2) in a series of common beverages. Citrate displaces the fluorescent colorimetric probe 5-carboxylfluorescein (3) from 1, and the process can be monitored by UV or fluorescence spectroscopy.
Clinical informatics: prospects for a new medical subspecialty.

Only a few years ago, the mention of informatics in clinical circles generated questions regarding the rigor or relevance of the field. With the expanding interest and investment in health information technology by hospitals, health systems, and practitioners, however, interest in and acceptance of clinical informatics has increased substantially. Since 1972, the National Institutes of Health, principally through the National Library of Medicine (NLM), has supported a number of centers of excellence that focus on workforce education in computer applications and the underlying science. Additional efforts to help ensure a supply of competently trained individuals capable of maintaining progress with respect to applied clinical informatics are a recent development.
Microsurface Reverse Engineering and Compensation for Laser Micromachining

Microsurface scale characteristics (roughness, waviness and form) and the workpiece mounting fixture effects must be accounted and compensated for during laser micromachining such that the focused laser spot position is known in the coordinates of the measured surfaces. Thus, allowing rapid and accurate micromachining on the true workpiece engineering surface. The thin-plate splines (TPSs), a mathematically simple theory, is modified and employed in the reconstruction of 2 1/2 D unfolded continuous and differentiable microtopographical surfaces from a limited set of sampled digital elevation data. The TPS theory aids in restoring bad samples and in enhancing the visualization of the reconstructed surface and the characterization of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structures. The reverse engineered surface could also be interfaced and used with a CAD/CAM system to compensate for the focal spot location of a laser beam based on the actual reversed engineered workpiece surface. The practical examples of the real microsurfaces presented in this work, combine comprehensive identification with the ultimate goal of utilizing the algorithms in the compensation of the laser focused spot for a femtosecond laser micromachining (FLM) system currently under development in our laboratory.
Assessment of neglect dyslexia with functional reading materials.

AbstractBackground: Spatial neglect is a neurocognitive disorder that affects perception, representation, and/or motor planning. Neglect dyslexia in spatial neglect after right hemisphere damage may co-occur with, or be dissociated from, other spatial neglect signs. Previous neglect dyslexia research focused on word-level stimuli and reading errors. Using single words for assessment may leave some people with neglect dyslexia undiagnosed, and assessment materials that are closer to texts read in real life may better capture neglect dyslexia. Method: The authors tested reading in 67 right hemisphere stroke survivors with 4 types of text materials: words, phrases, an article, and a menu. Results: Accuracy on reading the menu and article texts was significantly poorer than reading the words and phrases. The hypothesis that assessment materials with ecological validity such as reading a menu and reading an article may be more challenging than reading single words and phrases was supported. Conclusion: Results...
Food supply adequacy in the Lower Mississippi Delta.

Abstract Objective To assess food supply adequacy within 3 food store types in the Lower Mississippi Delta. Design Regional food store survey to determine availability and quality of 102 food items in 62 supermarkets, 77 small/medium stores, and 86 convenience stores. Setting Lower Mississippi Delta region of the United States. Participants 225 food stores in 18 counties. Main Outcome Measures Percentage of Thrifty Food Plan (TFP) food items available and quality ratings of 6 food sections across store types. Results On average, supermarkets carried 96% of the items that compose the TFP. Mean percentage of TFP carried in small/medium stores was 50%. Convenience stores carried 28% of the TFP items. Supermarkets had higher overall quality ratings and quality ratings for fresh and frozen foods compared to small/medium and convenience stores ( P Implications for Research and Practice Although supermarkets carried a large percentage of items surveyed, the number of supermarkets in this region is limited. Community residents with limited transportation to reach supermarkets may experience limited food supply adequacy. Therefore, community-based nutrition interventions should include partnerships with small/medium food retailers while trying to impact residents’ food choices within those stores.
Anatomic and physiopathologic changes affecting the airway of the elderly patient: implications for geriatric-focused airway management

There are many anatomical, physiopathological, and cognitive changes that occur in the elderly that affect different components of airway management: intubation, ventilation, oxygenation, and risk of aspiration. Anatomical changes occur in different areas of the airway from the oral cavity to the larynx. Common changes to the airway include tooth decay, oropharyngeal tumors, and significant decreases in neck range of motion. These changes may make intubation challenging by making it difficult to visualize the vocal cords and/or place the endotracheal tube. Also, some of these changes, including but not limited to, atrophy of the muscles around the lips and an edentulous mouth, affect bag mask ventilation due to a difficult face-mask seal. Physiopathologic changes may impact airway management as well. Common pulmonary issues in the elderly (eg, obstructive sleep apnea and COPD) increase the risk of an oxygen desaturation event, while gastrointestinal issues (eg, achalasia and gastroesophageal reflux disease) increase the risk of aspiration. Finally, cognitive changes (eg, dementia) not often seen as related to airway management may affect patient cooperation, especially if an awake intubation is required. Overall, degradation of the airway along with other physiopathologic and cognitive changes makes the elderly population more prone to complications related to airway management. When deciding which airway devices and techniques to use for intubation, the clinician should also consider the difficulty associated with ventilating the patient, the patient's risk of oxygen desaturation, and/or aspiration. For patients who may be difficult to bag mask ventilate or who have a risk of aspiration, a specialized supralaryngeal device may be preferable over bag mask for ventilation. Patients with tumors or decreased neck range of motion may require a device with more finesse and maneuverability, such as a flexible fiberoptic broncho-scope. Overall, geriatric-focused airway management is necessary to decrease complications in this patient population.
Carotid bodies in sudden infant death syndrome: a combined light microscopic, ultrastructural, and biochemical study.

Carotid bodies (CBs) are peripheral chemoreceptors that can undergo compensatory hypertrophy and hyperplasia in some patients with chronic hypoxemia. At the Children's Hospital morphometric and biochemical analyses were done on CBs obtained at autopsy from 89 infants in the first year of life to determine if there were statistically significant differences in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS, n = 38) compared with an age-matched control population (n = 51). Mean combined weights of CBs from SIDS victims were greater than controls in the 1-to 4-month age interval (mean = 3.4 mg, p < 0.075) and the 4- to 8-month interval (mean = 5.0 mg, p < 0.098) but the differences were not statistically significant (t-test, p < 0.05). Computerized planimetry of total surface area and area occupied by “functioned” parenchyma revealed no statistically significant differences. Both groups showed an equally intense degree oj cytoplasmic argyrophilia of chief cells, and electron microscopy of CBs from 5 SIDS victims was ind...
Intranuclear inclusions in Schwann cells of aged fowl ciliary ganglia.

Schwann cells in ciliary ganglia of fowls aged five to seven years were found to contain numerous intranuclear inclusions and pseudo-inclusions. Similar inclusions were usually absent from both neurons and non-neuronal cells, including connective tissue cells, and were rare in Schwann cells of chickens aged less than five years. Inclusions were of two different types: filamentous bundles and granulofibrillar bodies. Individual nuclei contained one to three inclusions. Pseudo-inclusions, i.e. cytoplasmic pockets invaginated into the nuclei, were found more rarely and accompanied one or both types of 'true' inclusions. The possible significance of these findings in relation to ageing phenomena is discussed. It is concluded that intranuclear inclusions appear to be a consequence of nuclear/cellular activation and may be regarded as aggregates of previously dispersed intranuclear proteins.
Natural killer (NK) cells are functionally abnormal and NK cell progenitors are diminished in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cell collections

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) collections are increasingly emerging as the graft of choice in many centers for autologous transplantation, and with increasing frequency for allogeneic transplantation. However, the role of myeloid cytokines in lymphoid function, lymphoid progenitors, and immune-mediated antitumor responses is not known. We studied PBPC collections from normal donors mobilized with G-CSF (10 microg/kg). CD56+/CD3- natural killer (NK) cells sorted from PBPC products exhibited a diminished ability to kill tumor targets, were less responsive in acquiring increased cytolysis with interleukin-2 (IL-2), and proliferated less than NK cells from normal unprimed peripheral blood. This abnormality was not explained by a change in phenotype of NK cells normally circulating in the blood after G-CSF administration. We could not demonstrate any direct suppressive effect on normal unprimed NK cell proliferation or cytotoxicity by culture with pharmacologic concentrations of G-CSF. We next evaluated the effects of G-CSF on CD34+ NK cell progenitors. CD34+/CD2+, CD34+/CD7+, and CD34+/CD10+ progenitors were markedly diminished in G-CSF-mobilized PBPC products. CD34+ cells cultured in limiting dilution assays showed a sixfold decrease in NK cell progenitors when derived from G-CSF-mobilized CD34+ PBPCs compared with CD34+ cells derived from unprimed marrow. The finding of decreased NK cell function, inhibited proliferation, and diminished cloning frequency after treatment with G-CSF could be mimicked in vitro by culture of primitive marrow progenitors (CD34+, lineage-negative, HLA-DR-) on stromal layers in the presence of exogenous G-CSF. The findings presented here show that G-CSF administration to normal donors decreases NK cell function and the relative frequency of NK cell progenitors within the CD34+ progenitor population. Overcoming this diminished lymphoid capacity may be important to facilitate early posttransplant immunotherapy. Our in vitro model will be used in future studies to determine the mechanism of the G-CSF-induced suppression of NK cell progenitors, which may occur early in the differentiation process.
A comparison of intermediate-dose aspirin and placebo in rheumatoid arthritis.

This double-blind study evaluates the time required fOT exacerbation to appear on substituting placebo for aspirin (ASA) in 33 patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis. A daily record of symptoms and weekly grip strength and joint counts were evaluated. Three days of placebo exposure were as effective in demonstrating the anticipated exacerbation as langer exposures.
Design and Topology Optimization of Lattice Structures Using Deformable Implicit Surfaces for Additive Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing (AM) enables creation of objects with complex internal lattice structures for functional, aesthetic, structural and fabrication considerations. Several approaches for lattice generation and optimization, and their implementations in commercial systems exist. However, these commercial systems are typically independent from a CAD system, and therefore introduces workflow complexities for product lifecycle management. In this paper, we present a unified computer-aided framework for design, computer-aided engineering analysis (CAE) of solids with lattice structures, and freeform topology optimization within the CAD system that enables a seamless workflow. The proposed framework takes as input a solid CAD model and enables rapid generation of different lattice structures as repeated arrangements of lattice template shapes that replace input solid volume. Generated internal patterns are further optimized through freeform modifications to improve structural characteristics of the input model. Lattice modeling and optimization is performed using discrete implicit surface representations for the ease in representing complex topologies and performing modeling and freeform deformation operations. The output of the proposed framework is a polygonal represenatation of the lattified model ready for 3D printing. We have implemented our framework as a plugin to the Siemens PLM NX software system and examples are demonstrated for typical products in aerospace, medical and automotive industries.Copyright © 2015 by Siemens Energy, Inc.
Flight test results of Observer/Kalman Filter Identifi[|#12#|]cation of the Pegasus unmanned vehicle

Flight testing is the preferred means of obtaining accurate, locally linear, dynamic models of nonlinear aircraft dynamics. In this paper, decoupled longitudinal and lateral/directional linear dynamic models of an unmanned air vehicle are identied using the Observer/Kalman Filter Identication method. This method is a time-domain technique that identies a discrete input-output mapping from known input and output data samples. The method is developed for ight testing, including details of instrumentation, measurements, and data post-processing techniques such as nonlinear estimation. Multiple ight tests were conducted, and experimental examples for longitudinal and lateral/directional dynamics are presented, including the model selection process. Fidelity of the identied linear models to the nonlinear plant is validated by comparing measured and model predicted outputs with measured inputs from ight test. Mean squared errors and the Theil information coecient are used as accuracy metrics. Results presented in the paper demonstrate that the linear models reproduced from ight test results are acceptable representations of the nonlinear aircraft dynamics in the cruise conguration.
Conveying campus sexual misconduct policy information to college and university students: Results from a 7-campus study

ABSTRACTObjective: To examine the efficacy of different methods (ie, in-class policy reading; in-class policy reading and discussion; no reading or discussion) to deliver campus sexual misconduct policy information to students on 7 campuses. Participants: A total of 1,195 participants at 7 colleges and universities participated in the study from August to October 2014. Participants were randomly assigned at the class level and completed pretest and posttest surveys assessing knowledge of campus policy and resources and confidence to seek help for sexual assault. Results: Students exposed to a larger dosage of material (in-class policy reading plus discussion) showed greater positive changes in attitudes and knowledge than students who did not receive information or were only read the policy. However, on some indices, students who were only read the policy showed positive outcomes compared with students receiving no intervention. Conclusion: Colleges and universities must use engaging methods to disseminat...
Food Manufacturing Industry in South Carolina: An Analysis of the Size, Structure, and Performance

Food manufacturing industries are traditionally considered to be a significance force of economic development of rural areas. By locating their establishments in a particular region, they create employment opportunities and increase demand for agricultural commodities grown in the region. South Carolina has a very diverse agriculture. A wide variety of agricultural commodities is grown in the state, including grains (soybeans, corn, wheat, oats), fruits, vegetables and nuts (peaches, melons, tomatoes, cucumbers, peanuts), poultry and eggs, livestock and dairy (USDA NASS 2014). A diverse agricultural sector creates incentives for food manufacturing companies to locate their establishments in this area. In addition, it encourages agricultural producers to get involved in food manufacturing businesses. Food manufacturing industries are important sectors of the South Carolina economy. The objective of this research is to evaluate the size, structure and economic performance of food manufacturing industry in South Carolina during the period of 2000-2012. The analysis is conducted using a number of key economic indicators reported by the US Census Bureau Economic Census surveys. The analyzed economic indicators include the number of establishments, number of employees, annual payroll, value added and value of shipments. The results have implications for the food industry and policy decision-making process, as they provide evidence on the current and projected economic performance of food manufacturing industries in South Carolina.
Obesity of Primary and Secondary Students in Xichang,2006-2010

Objective To provide evidence for government to develop the policies about obesity control by understanding the obesity status of primary and secondary students in Xichang.Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used for obesity surveillance of primary and secondary students,information of obesity status among students aged 7-15 years during 2006-2010 were selected for statistical analysis.Results The obesity rate of primary and high school boys in Xichang were 8.70%,9.63%,8.74%,10.38% and 9.35% respectively during 2006-2010,while of girls were 3.90%,5.12%,4.13%,6.47% and 6.57% respectively.The obesity rate of boys were all higher than girls.Conclusion The overall rate of obesity in primary and secondary schoolstudents in Xichang was increasing year by year,the obesity rate of boys was higher than girls.Schools and parents should take effective measures that focus on different gender and age about balanced diet for primary and secondary students in Xichang.
Analysis and Design of 32 Bit DSP Multiplier

To judge the capability of DSP, one of the important indexes is magnitude of operating of MAC in the unit time. The increasing of MAC’s speed will speed up the DSP’s operation. The design of the MAC is analyzed in the paper. The appropriate multiplier is obtained which adapted to the 32 bit floating-point DSP framework. It is the foundation of the more excellent MAC.
Bacterial Endotoxins Test for Ilex Pubescens Compound Injection

Objective To establish a method for the determination of bacterial endotoxin in Ilex pubescens compound injection(LPCJ) .Methods According to China Pharmacopoeia (second part,2000),interference test was carried out to detect the endotoxins in LPCJ with limulus lysate agents (λwas 0.25 EU/mL).Results Inhibition action was found in bacterial endotoxin test for LPCJ and in the 10-,20-,30-and 40-fold diluted liquid of LPCJ.It was proved that the maximum noninterference concentration was the 50-fold dilution.The inspection results are the same as that of rabbit pyrogen test.Conclusion The 50-fold diluted LPCJ is suitable for the determination of bacterial endotoxin and can be used as the quality control standard for its preparation.
Regulation of lung liquid secretion in immature fetal sheep: hormonal interaction

The present studies were designed to test the hypothesis that arginine vasopressin (AVP) can interact with hydrocortisone and 3,5,3 ′-triiodothyronine (T3) to induce maturation of lung liquid reabs...
Intronic cleavage and polyadenylation regulates gene expression during DNA damage response through U1 snRNA.

The DNA damage response involves coordinated control of gene expression and DNA repair. Using deep sequencing, we found widespread changes of alternative cleavage and polyadenylation site usage on ultraviolet-treatment in mammalian cells. Alternative cleavage and polyadenylation regulation in the 3ʹ untranslated region is substantial, leading to both shortening and lengthening of 3ʹ untranslated regions of genes. Interestingly, a strong activation of intronic alternative cleavage and polyadenylation sites is detected, resulting in widespread expression of truncated transcripts. Intronic alternative cleavage and polyadenylation events are biased to the 5ʹ end of genes and affect gene groups with important functions in DNA damage response and cancer. Moreover, intronic alternative cleavage and polyadenylation site activation during DNA damage response correlates with a decrease in U1 snRNA levels, and is reversible by U1 snRNA overexpression. Importantly, U1 snRNA overexpression mitigates ultraviolet-induced apoptosis. Together, these data reveal a significant gene regulatory scheme in DNA damage response where U1 snRNA impacts gene expression via the U1-alternative cleavage and polyadenylation axis.
CD8+ T Cells and cART: A Dynamic Duo?

A new macaque study by Cartwright et al. (2016) suggests that CD8+ T cells could play a previously unrecognized role in the suppression of HIV-1 during ongoing antiretroviral therapy.
Distribution of mercury species across a zonal section of the eastern tropical South Pacific Ocean (U.S. GEOTRACES GP16)

Abstract Monomethylmercury is a neurotoxin formed in the ocean that accumulates in fish. To better understand the chemical cycling of mercury (Hg) in the ocean, multiple Hg species were measured during the 2013 U.S. GEOTRACES section in the eastern tropical South Pacific Ocean (GP16) from Peru to Tahiti. Total Hg (HgT), elemental Hg (Hg0), monomethyl-Hg (MMHg), and dimethyl-Hg (DMHg) were measured in high resolution across the section, which included productive surface waters in the Peru upwelling region, a suboxic oxygen minimum zone (OMZ), and an expansive hydrothermal vent plume from the East Pacific Rise (EPR). Filtered HgT accumulated in upwelled waters near the coast of Peru where oxygen concentrations were the lowest, and MMHg represented 10–20% of the total Hg upwelling flux. The buoyant hydrothermal plume was not enriched with Hg; however, water below 2500 m had anomalously high concentrations of filtered HgT beneath the plume and in warmer bottom waters in the eastern part of the section. Elemental Hg averaged
A new species of Oecetis McLachlan (Trichoptera, Leptoceridae) from the Sandhills region of South Carolina, USA

A new species Oecetis McLachlan, O. psammophila sp. nov., is described from the Sandhills ecoregion of South Carolina. Illustrations of male and female genitalia and wing photographs are provided. Following the classification of Chen (1993), O. psammophila belongs to the O. parva Species-group of the subgenus Pseudosetodes Ulmer. Adult specimens were taken at ultraviolet lights near or immediately adjacent to impounded streams or spring-fed wetlands. The larva remains unknown, but other Nearctic members of the O. parva Species-group inhabit lentic habitats.
Context-Aware System Design for Remote Health Monitoring: An Application to Continuous Edema Assessment

Designing remote health monitoring systems requires a multi-faceted perspective that takes into account requirements and contexts imposed by the medical application, technology, and end-user. We study such a design perspective in the context of remote and real-time edema monitoring. Edema (accumulation of fluid in certain soft-tissues) is regarded as one of the most important symptoms for systematic diseases such as heart failure. Monitoring edema allows patients and caregivers to understand the state of sickness and effectiveness of the treatments. This article proposes a novel low-power context-aware and real-time wearable platform capable of continuous assessment of ankle edema in remote settings. Our system keeps track of changes in subject’s ankle circumference as well as current body posture. An examination of our system with 15 subjects demonstrates the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed force-sensitive-resistor-based edema sensor (with an $R^2$ of 0.87 for our regression model and intraclass correlation of 0.97) as well as an over 96 percent accuracy in activity monitoring that provide the means to perform reliable data validation on ankle circumference measurements in a continuous manner. Furthermore, we devise a novel derivative-free power optimization approach to maximize the battery lifetime resulting in improvement in battery lifetime by a factor of 2.13.
Assessing the Dietary Bioavailability of Metals Associated with Natural Particles: Extending the Use of the Reverse Labeling Approach to Zinc

We extend the use of a novel tracing technique to quantify the bioavailability of zinc (Zn) associated with natural particles using snails enriched with a less common Zn stable isotope. Lymnaea stagnalis is a model species that has relatively fast Zn uptake rates from the dissolved phase, enabling their rapid enrichment in 67Zn during the initial phase of labeling. Isotopically enriched snails were subsequently exposed to algae mixed with increasing amounts of metal-rich particles collected from two acid mine drainage impacted rivers. Zinc bioavailability from the natural particles was inferred from calculations of 66Zn assimilation into the snail’s soft tissues. Zinc assimilation efficiency (AE) varied from 28% for the Animas River particles to 45% for the Snake River particles, indicating that particle-bound, or sorbed Zn, was bioavailable from acid mine drainage wastes. The relative binding strength of Zn sorption to the natural particles was inversely related to Zn bioavailability; a finding that woul...
A laboratory validation study of the time-lapse oscillatory pumping test for leakage detection in geological repositories

Abstract Geologic repositories are extensively used for disposing byproducts in mineral and energy industries. The safety and reliability of these repositories are a primary concern to environmental regulators and the public. Time-lapse oscillatory pumping test (OPT) has been introduced recently as a pressure-based technique for detecting potential leakage in geologic repositories. By routinely conducting OPT at a number of pulsing frequencies, an operator may identify the potential repository anomalies in the frequency domain, alleviating the ambiguity caused by reservoir noise and improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Building on previous theoretical and field studies, this work performed a series of laboratory experiments to validate the concept of time-lapse OPT using a custom made, stainless steel tank under relatively high pressures. The experimental configuration simulates a miniature geologic storage repository consisting of three layers (i.e., injection zone, caprock, and above-zone aquifer). Results show that leakage in the injection zone led to deviations in the power spectrum of observed pressure data, and the amplitude of which also increases with decreasing pulsing frequencies. The experimental results are further analyzed by developing a 3D flow model, using which the model parameters are estimated through frequency domain inversion.
Prey Availability and Diet Analysis of Texas Diamond-Backed Terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin littoralis)

Abstract The diamond-backed terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) is the only North American turtle species specialized for living in brackish and saltmarsh environments. The Texas subspecies (Malaclemys terrapin littoralis) is found along most of the Texas Gulf Coast. Previous studies on the prey and diets of Atlantic and Florida subspecies found that the diet of terrapins primarily consisted of crustacean and molluscan species, although differences in dietary composition were observed between the sexes. Furthermore, prey availability had little effect on terrapin distribution within a marsh. We examined the prey availability and diet of Texas diamond-backed terrapins. Comparisons of random locations to terrapin capture locations indicated that prey availability is not a limiting factor affecting terrapin distribution in Texas marshes, but multiple significant seasonal and locational differences in prey were detected at capture sites. Fecal analysis, using multiple metrics, indicated Gastropoda and Decapoda as ...
Localization and the Weyl algebras

Let W n (ℝ) be the Weyl algebra of index n. It is well known that so(p, q) Lie algebras can be viewed as quadratic polynomial (Lie) algebras in W n (ℝ) for p + q = n with the Lie algebra multiplication being given by the bracket [a, b] = ab − ba for a, b quadratic polynomials in W n (ℝ). What does not seem to be so well known is that the converse statement is, in a certain sense, also true, namely, that, by using extension and localization, it is possible, at least in some cases, to construct homomorphisms of W n (ℝ) onto its image in a localization of U(so(p + 2, q)), the universal enveloping algebra of so(p + 2, q), and m = p + q. Since Weyl algebras are simple, these homomorphisms must either be trivial or isomorphisms onto their images. We illustrate this remark for the so(2, q) case and construct a mappping from W q (ℝ) onto its image in a localization of U(so(2, q)). We prove that this mapping is a homomorphism when q = 1 or q = 2. Some specific results about representations for the lowest dimensional case of W 1(ℝ) and U(so(2, 1)) are given.
He Could Be Undocumented: Striving to Be Sensitive to Student Documentation Status in a Rural Community:

This case study takes place in a Midwestern, politically conservative rural community shortly after a highly contested presidential election. Like other communities, Paisano has experienced demogra...
High levels of C-reactive protein and positive troponin T test results predicted 14-day mortality in unstable angina or non-Q-wave MI

Source Citation Morrow DA, Rifai N, Antman EM,et al. C-reactive protein is a potent predictor of mortality independently of and in combination with troponin T in acute coronary syndromes: a TIMI 11...
‘Leaves and Berries’: Agatha Christie and the Herbal Revival

ABSTRACTAgatha Christie’s inter-war mysteries participate in a contemporary gendered struggle over herbs and herbalism during the period of the herbal revival. Herbs in Christie’s fiction leave tra...
Biatrial flutter circuit involving an anomalous insertion of the Bachmann bundle into the superior vena cava

Atypical atrial flutters with clockwise mitral activation usually originate in the left atrium (LA). However, in patients with prior linear ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF), this can be misleading. A 62-year-old female who underwent 3 prior AF ablations, presents for ablation of recurrent
‘Religious schools, civic education, and public policy: A framework for evaluation and decision’:

Some people claim that religious schools are poorly suited to prepare children for citizenship in a multi-religious society that is (or aspires to be) a liberal democracy. In what sense(s), by what...
Jets and MHD Flows Associated with Symbiotic Stars

Symbiotic stars are evolved systems consisting of a binary containing a late-type star (M-type, red giant or in some cases long-period variable) and a hot subdwarf or white dwarf secondary. These systems are classified as either S-type (showing the presence of a hot stellar continuum) or D-type (dust-type and showing no hot star continuum). D-type symbiotics are associated with long-period variables or Miras. Symbiotics have been studied at a variety of wavelengths, most recently and most successfully at far UV wavelengths using the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) and even at soft X-rays using ROSAT. Observational results and overall properties of the components in symbiotics stars are presented. These systems show evidence of high ionization lines such as He II, C IV and N V as well as a number of semi-forbidden lines such as 0 IV], 0 III], N III], C III], and C II] and forbidden lines such as [Ne V] and [O II]. The lines arise in nebular regions surrounding the system, accretion disks and even jets. A number of systems show directed outflow, often in the form of individual jet parcels. Although the exact nature of the outflow process is not determined, it is likely to involve an accretion disk which may be magnetized. in the D-type symbiotics, ejection may be facilitated by radiation pressure onto grains. These jets provide opportunities to study the entire physics of jet phenomena for objects at close distances to the solar system. Some observational results of two jet prototypes are presented, R Aquarii (D-type) and CH Cygni (S-type). R Aqr is the nearest astrophysical jet and affords great opportunities to study these phenomena. ROSAT observations of these systems indicate that the soft X-ray emission is probably anslng in “hot spots” which may be MHD-related. A new magnetized accretion model for R Aqr is presented.
The evolving landscape of oncolytic virotherapy (OV) clinical trials (CT): Meta-analysis.

e14636Background: The number of new OV CT have been increasing along with the evolution of cancer immunotherapy. The OVs induce direct oncolysis and enhances the host innate and adaptive immunity. ...
Interfacing with the School System

Schools are a vital system in the life of a child, since children spend the majority of their day learning and interacting with teachers and peers. PCPs increasingly recognize how critical school systems are in helping struggling children access necessary services in order to thrive. Building relationships with your patients’ schools can enhance the rewards of caring for children with mental health challenges and provide lifesaving interventions that can have a lasting impact on a child’s development.
Enhanced visual experience rehabilitates the injured brain in Xenopus tadpoles in an NMDAR-dependent manner

Recovery from brain injury is difficult in most systems. The study of regenerative animal models that are capable of injury repair can provide insight into cellular and circuit mechanisms underlyin...
Using Intentional Magnetic Saturation for HFI Based Self-Sensing with SPMSMs

High-frequency injection (HFI) is widely used for zero-to-low speed self-sensing with machines with inductive saliency. The HFI algorithm uses inductive saliency in the d and q-axes to estimate the permanent magnet (PM) rotor position. Surface permanent magnet synchronous machines (SPMSMs), which are designed without inductive saliency, are not suitable for HFI based self-sensing. In this paper, a method to enable classically designed SPMSMs for HFI based self-sensing at zero-to-low speed is introduced utilizing intentional magnetic saturation under flux-intensifying operation. With properly chosen HFI operating spaces inducing inductive saliency, a smooth startup in the zero-to-low speed region can be achieved. To generalize the idea, a lumped parameter magnetic circuit is developed. The magnetic saturability of fractional slot concentration winding (FSCW) and distribution winding (DW) SPMSMs are compared.
Control of formation of viscoelastic droplets and distribution of nano-inclusions in functional deposition for lithium-sulfur batteries.

The electrospray process produces micro/nanodroplets for various applications such as thin and uniform coatings, drug carriers and mass spectrometry. In this paper, we study the spray processes of viscoelastic jets using simulations and experiments. In discretized modeling, the jet is perturbed with axisymmetric instability and the growth of this instability causes the jet to break into droplets. For the experiments, a solution of polyvinyl alcohol in water is sprayed and is visualized using a high-speed camera. The droplet size distribution is studied from simulations with experiments for three spray cases: electrospray, air spray, and air-controlled electrospray. Our simulations and experiments reveal that the electric field is effective in reducing the droplet size, while air flow offers more jet break-ups and thus a larger number of droplets. As a result, air-controlled electrospray where these two driving forces are synergistically combined leads to a larger number of smaller droplets than electrospray or air spray. Finally, we applied three spray processes to obtain a deposition of sulfur/mesoporous carbon/graphene/polymer binder composites as a lithium sulfur battery cathode and demonstrated that air-controlled electrospray leads to a higher capacity and rate capability than other processes, exhibiting 800 mA h g−1 at 0.5C and 600 mA h g−1 at 2C.
Assessment of curing schemes for effectively controlling thermal behavior of mass concrete foundation at early ages

Abstract Since the size of foundation increases to support the enormous superstructure, the massive foundation generates the problematic temperature development. This study addresses the use of horizontal construction joint referred to as “layered system” as a curing scheme for alleviating the thermal behavior of foundation. To compare the thermal performance of the layered system, the current curing schemes (e.g., insulation system, post-cooling) also simulated by using the validated finite element model. In the study, the layered system could be the recommended curing method in the foundation element to produce significant savings in time, effort, and cost on an actual construction project.