cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Impact of Septal Myocardial Infarction on Outcomes After Surgical Ventricular Restoration

Background Surgical ventricular restoration (SVR) is classically performed in heart failure patients with anteroseptal infarction. It is unknown how the extent of septal myocardial infarction (SMI) affects prognosis. We reviewed our experience to evaluate the impact of the extent of SMI on outcomes after SVR. Methods We retrospectively reviewed SVR patients from January 2002 to December 2005. Patients were stratified based on the extent of SMI assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and intraoperative findings; SMI was graded as less than 50%, 50% to 74%, and 75% or greater of the length or height, or both, of the septum. Follow-up was 100%. Results Seventy-eight patients underwent SVR. Twenty-eight patients had less than 50%, 30 patients had 50% to 74%, and 20 patients had 75% or greater involvement of the length or height, or both, of the septum. Patients with 75% or greater involvement had a significantly lower ejection fraction and larger left ventricular volumes preoperatively by magnetic resonance imaging. All patients with 75% or greater involvement were New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III/IV preoperatively, and 50% (10 of 20) had significant mitral regurgitation requiring a concomitant mitral valve procedure. Operative mortality was similar between groups. Cardiac function improved and was similar among the three groups postoperatively. The PR intervals on electrocardiography were similar among the three groups, but did show trends toward longer duration for those with more extensive SMI. Preoperative mean QRS duration was significantly longer for patients with 75% or greater SMI. Three-year Kaplan-Meier survival was also similar among groups; 75% or greater involvement was not a predictor of mortality on Cox regression (odds ratio=1.4; 95% confidence interval: 0.3 to 7.0; p = 0.6). Three quarters (15 of 20) of patients with 75% or greater involvement of the septum improved to NYHA class I/II at follow-up. Conclusions This study has evaluated the impact of the extent of SMI on SVR outcomes. These data demonstrate similar survival and significant functional and clinical improvement after SVR regardless of the extent of SMI.
Black Power/Black Faith: Rethinking the “De-Christianization” of the Black Freedom Struggle

The Black Manifesto is one of the most curious documents produced in the late 1960s. Addressed to white Christian churches and Jewish synagogues, it demands ecclesiastical reparations for profiting from the oppression of Black peoples. It is simultaneously a critique of Christianity and part of the movement toward Black liberation theology, embodying points of antagonism and synergy among secular, religious, and anti-religious activists. Thus it provides an ideal opportunity to consider relationships between religion and the Black Power movement. This chapter argues that a religious/secular divide has been inaccurately invoked in studies of Black Power. It rejects claims that Black radical movements became “de-Christianized” in the late 1960s, and insists that a religious/secular bridge was always present in successive waves of the Black freedom movement. Indeed, despite a strong anti-clericalism, and pointed critiques of mainstream religious institutions, new renderings of Black faith were among the most enduring legacies of the Black Power movement.
Mucosal Immunity in HIV Infection

The mucosal immune system consists of T and B lymphocytes and accessory cells that function to protect the human body from pathogens and toxins that enter the host via the mucosal surfaces. One major pathogen is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). By the year 2000, an estimated 35-40 million people will be infected with HIV worldwide (Chin, 1991). The most common mode of transmission of HIV is via sexual contact where HIV-infected cells or possibly cell-free HIV initiate infection at the mucosal surfaces of the vagina or the rectum (Milman and Sharma, 1994). Based on studies performed in the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) model, it appears that HIV infection of newborns may be initiated at the mucosal surfaces of the alimentary canal after swallowing HIV during birth (Baba et al., 1994, 1995). In vitro studies suggest that cells residing in mucosal tissues may be the first cells to become infected with HIV after exposure at the mucosal surface (Batman et al., 1994). The mucosal immune system is therefore in a pivotal position to play a key role in resistance to as well as contribute to the morbidity associated with HIV infection. This chapter will introduce basic concepts of T-helper cell regulation of the mucosal antibody response, followed by a discussion of the effects of HIV infection on the mucosal immune system and conclude with current strategies being employed to prevent HIV infection at mucosal surfaces.
Human Factors Impact on NDE Reliability

Measurements of nondestructive testing (NDT) system reliability in both the nuclear and non-nuclear segments of industry have consistently produced disappointing results [1,2,3]. While the equipment and techniques appear intrinsically capable of the required performance, overall reliability is often so poor that the credibility of the entire inspection process is jeopardized. On the basis of results accumulated during the past decade, we now know that many NDT processes are not sufficiently reliable to meet the current needs of industry; but we do not know why! Furthermore, we expect NDT performance under actual field conditions to be no better, and probably worse, than the performance measured under laboratory conditions. Significantly, nondestructive testing/inservice inspection (NDT/ISI) performance under actual field conditions remains an important unknown within the nuclear industry.
DNA Analysis and Diagnosis

Analyzing samples and detecting whether certain genes and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) segments are present form a considerable part of DNA technology. This chapter discusses the methods used for performing and applying this technology. Scientists can identify a disease organism by studying the DNA molecule. They are able to reproduce DNA in a test tube, fragment it, determine its composition, change its structure, and map its genes. These help in diagnosing infectious disease, and to screen individuals for cancer and other genetic diseases. The chapter discusses the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the DNA probe technologies in detail. PCR technology used with DNA probes has made the detection of minuscule amounts of DNA possible. Further, the DNA chip is explained. The DNA chip has added to the efficiency of DNA analysis by placing DNA probes on a glass slide the size of a postage stamp. Some significant examples of the use of DNA technology in medicine are listed. DNA probes and PCR are used to monitor genetically engineered organisms in the environment and to conduct water quality tests as well.
Memory Enhancement with Posttraining Glucose Injections: Possible Involvement in Epinephrine Modulation of Memory Storage

ABSTRACT Previous findings indicate that peripheral epinephrine is a major component of those neuroendocrine systems which modulate memory storage processing. The experiments presented here evaluate the possibility that epinephrine actions on memory are mediated by glycogenolysis. The results indicate that peripheral glucose injections enhance memory in an inverted-U dose-dependent manner and that the effects on memory are time-dependent. In addition, like plasma epinephrine, plasma glucose levels exhibit significant increases after training and after the administration of epinephrine or glucose. In contrast to past findings using other memory modulating treatments, glucose enhancement of memory is not attenuated in animals pretreated with adrenergic antagonists. These results are consistent with the view that epinephrine modulation of memory storage processing is mediated, at least in part, by release of glucose from hepatic stores. Thus, the release of glucose into plasma may be a step subsequent to epinephrine release which regulates the formation of the neuronal substrates of memory.
Clinical consequences of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential

Clonally restricted hematopoiesis is a common aging-associated biological state that predisposes to subsequent development of a hematological malignancy or cardiovascular death. Clonal expansion driven by leukemia-associated somatic mutations, such as DNMT3A, ASXL1, or TET2, is best characterized, but oligoclonality can also emerge without recognized leukemia-driver mutations, perhaps as a result of stochastic neutral drift. Murine models provide compelling evidence that a major mechanism of increased cardiovascular mortality in the context of clonal hematopoiesis is accelerated atherogenesis driven by inflammasome-mediated endothelial injury, resulting from proinflammatory interactions between endothelium and macrophages derived from circulating clonal monocytes. Altered inflammation likely influences other biological processes as well. The rate of development of overt neoplasia in patients with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), as currently defined, is 0.5% to 1% per year. Contributing factors to clonal progression other than acquisition of secondary mutations in hematopoietic cells (ie, stronger leukemia drivers) are incompletely understood. Disordered endogenous immunity in the context of increased proliferative pressure, short telomeres leading to chromosomal instability, an unhealthy marrow microenvironment that favors expansion of clonal stem cells and acquisition of new mutations while failing to support healthy hematopoiesis, and aging-associated changes in hematopoietic stem cells, including altered DNA damage response, an altered transcriptional program, and consequences of epigenetic alterations, are all potential contributors to clonal progression. Clinical management of patients with CHIP includes monitoring for hematological changes and reduction of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors; eventually, it will also likely include anti-inflammatory therapies and targeted approaches to prune emergent dangerous clones.
Emotions and Political Narratives: Populism, Trump and Trade

In 2016, a wave of American populism triggered emotional reactions to issues like trade and immigration, and dramatically impacted the Obama administration’s plans to ratify the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) during President Obama’s final year in office. This article asks how do emotions infuse populism with political power, and why was populism effective in sparking American economic nationalism and retreat from free trade during the 2016 presidential campaign? Drawing on a psychoanalytic, narrative framework, the article argues that populist narratives deployed by US presidential candidates Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders characterized the American economy as a story of the people versus corrupt elites offering greater audience resonance that ultimately derailed President Obama’s plan to pass the TPP and ushered in an era of economic nationalism under President Trump. The article contributes to the literature on emotions and foreign policy and explores the under-studied emotional features of populism as a discursive narrative.
Vitamin D Reduces Hepcidin Concentrations Independent of Inflammatory Cytokines in Healthy Adults: A Pilot, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of High-Dose Vitamin D3

ObjectiveDisturbances in iron recycling may result from elevations in pro-inflammatory cytokines and hepcidin, the major iron-regulatory hormone. In vitro studies suggest that vitamin D may reduce ...
Vibronic structure of photosynthetic pigments probed by polarized two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy and ab initio calculations

Bacteriochlorophyll a (Bchl a) and chlorophyll a (Chl a) play important roles as light absorbers in photosynthetic antennae and participate in the initial charge-separation steps in photosynthetic reaction centers. Despite decades of study, questions remain about the interplay of electronic and vibrational states within the Q-band and its effect on the photoexcited dynamics. Here we report results of polarized two-dimensional electronic spectroscopic measurements, performed on penta-coordinated Bchl a and Chl a and their interpretation based on state-of-the-art time-dependent density functional theory calculations and vibrational mode analysis for spectral shapes. We find that the Q-band of Bchl a is comprised of two independent bands, that are assigned following the Gouterman model to Qx and Qy states with orthogonal transition dipole moments. However, we measure the angle to be ∼75°, a finding that is confirmed by ab initio calculations. The internal conversion rate constant from Qx to Qy is found to be 11 ps−1. Unlike Bchl a, the Q-band of Chl a contains three distinct peaks with different polarizations. Ab initio calculations trace these features back to a spectral overlap between two electronic transitions and their vibrational replicas. The smaller energy gap and the mixing of vibronic states result in faster internal conversion rate constants of 38–50 ps−1. We analyze the spectra of penta-coordinated Bchl a and Chl a to highlight the interplay between low-lying vibronic states and their relationship to photoinduced relaxation. Our findings shed new light on the photoexcited dynamics in photosynthetic systems where these chromophores are primary pigments.
Evaluation of an Experiential and Self-Learning Approach to Teaching Evidence-Based Decision Making to Dental Students

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact on predoctoral dental students of an experiential and self-learning pedagogical approach to evidence-based decision making. Dental students at one U.S. dental school in 2014 and 2015 participated in an evidence-based decision making course that consisted of minimal lecturing, learning through assigned readings and open-book online quizzes, and individual assignments to reach an evidence-based decision on a clinically relevant question. Before and after the course, each cohort completed a validated survey assessing students' knowledge, attitudes, access of evidence, and confidence related to evidence-based practice. In 2014, of 43 students enrolled in the course, all 43 (100%) completed the pre-course survey, and 33 (77%) completed the post-course survey. In 2015, of 35 students enrolled in the course, all 35 (100%) completed the pre-course survey, and 34 (97%) completed the post-course survey. Of those, the identifier codes for 23 students in 2014 and 25 students in 2015 matched for the pre-course and post-course surveys, allowing direct comparisons. Both cohorts of students showed a significant increase in knowledge regarding critical appraisal of the literature from the pre-course survey results to after the course (p<0.001). Students' reported frequency of accessing evidence from various sources also significantly increased from before to after the course for both cohorts (p<0.01). Students' confidence in evaluating various aspects of a published research report also increased significantly from before to after the course for both cohorts (p<0.001). However, no consistent change was found in students' attitudes about evidence-based practice. In this study, an experiential and self-learning approach to teaching evidence-based decision making in the classroom appeared to be successful in improving students' knowledge, use of evidence, and confidence in critical appraisal skills, though it did not have a consistent impact on their attitudes about evidence-based practice.
Patient-reported Aesthetic Satisfaction following Facial Skin Cancer Surgery Using the FACE-Q Skin Cancer Module.

Over 5 million basal and squamous cell skin cancers are diagnosed each year. Seventy to 80% of these cancers occur in the head and neck region, for which surgical excision is the standard treatment. As patient satisfaction and quality of life are among the most important outcomes in plastic and reconstructive surgery, understanding patient perception of aesthetic postoperative outcome is critical. The objective of this study was to assess aesthetic satisfaction following facial skin cancer surgery using the FACE-Q Skin Cancer Module in the context of sociodemographic and clinical factors. Methods This is a single-center, cross-sectional study in a tertiary care cancer setting of patients who underwent facial skin cancer surgery from March 1, 2016, to March 31, 2018. Patients completed the FACE-Q Skin Cancer Satisfaction with Facial Appearance and Appraisal of Scar scales postoperatively, between May 21, 2018, and October 1, 2018. Results Patients completed the Satisfaction with Facial Appearance (n = 405) and Appraisal of Scar scales (n = 408) postoperatively (response rate 39%). Lower postoperative facial appearance and scar satisfaction scores were associated with female gender, younger age (<65 years), surgery location on the lip or nose, repair by flap or graft, and greater defect size. Linear regression models established that younger age, female gender, nose location, and flap repair were independently predictive of lower aesthetic satisfaction. Conclusions Sociodemographic factors, central facial location, and repair type strongly contribute to aesthetic satisfaction following facial skin cancer surgery. This patient-reported data may guide counseling regarding postoperative aesthetic outcome and inform patient expectations.
Pilomatrix carcinoma of the right postauricular region: A case report and literature review.

Abstract Introduction Pilomatrix carcinoma is a rare aggressive tumor with a high rate of local recurrence after surgical excision. Diagnosis is made by histopathology and when discovered, wide local excision has been shown to have the best results. Presentation of case We report a case of a 74-year-old male incidentally found to have a large right postauricular mass and regional lymphadenopathy. The mass was biopsied and proven to be a malignant pilomatrixoma. Wide local excision and level II and III neck dissection with reconstruction using a right supraclavicular flap was performed. Discussion Pilomatrix carcinoma is a lesion first described in 1880 by Malherbe and Chenantais. It is unknown if these tumors arise de novo or arise through malignant transformation of a benign pilomatrixoma. There are similarities between the benign lesion and its malignant counterpart in terms of activating mutations in signaling pathways. A well-defined gold standard for surgical management has not been established, but currently wide local excision with safe margins is recommended along with regional lymph node dissection when metastasis is suspected. Currently, no chemotherapy regimen has been shown to be effective in local control or in preventing metastatic spread. Conclusion Pilomatrix carcinoma, given its aggressive nature, has a high propensity for recurrence after excision. It is important to perform wide local excision to avoid an incomplete resection and higher recurrence rates. Further studies will be needed to create a more defined standard of treatment and to evaluate the role of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
The IRS Collection Division: Contacts and Settlements

In his study -The IRS Collection Division: Contacts and Settlements by John M. Tarras, Assistant Professor School of Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Management, Michigan State University, Tarras initially states: “The collection division of the internal revenue service is often the point of contact for many hospitality businesses. The author describes how the division operates, what the hospitality firm can expect when contacted by it, and what types of strategies firms might find helpful when negotiating a settlement with the
Monopole moments and the $ \beta$β -vibration in deformed nuclei

I revisit the theory of the $ \beta$-vibration in deformed nuclei focusing on the transition matrix elements to the ground band. The relation between monopole and quadrupole matrix elements is derived from an incompressibility assumption and is validated by self-consistent mean-field theory with several energy density functionals. With estimates of the deformation-dependent mean-field potential energy function, it is found that the excited $ 0^+$ band in 156Gd comes fairly close to meeting the criteria to be classified as a $ \beta$-vibration.
Structure and Intrinsic Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline Calcium Silicate Hydrate

Nanocrystalline calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) is the binding phase of many low-CO2 cements. Understanding its structure–mechanical properties relationship is critical in designing sustainable co...
Comparing Thinking Fast and Thinking Slow: Interventions, Individual Differences, and Rules

Research on judgment and decision making has suggested that the System 2 process of ‘thinking slow’ can help people to improve their decision making by reducing well-established statistical decisio...
Effects of Physiological Arousal on Speech Motor Control and Speech Motor Practice in Preschool-Age Children Who Do and Do Not Stutter

Purpose We examined the effects of physiological arousal on speech motor control and speech motor practice effects in preschool-age children who do (CWS) and do not stutter (CWNS). Method Participa...
Elastin-like Proteins to Support Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Guidance Conduits

Synthetic nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) offer an alternative to harvested nerve grafts for treating peripheral nerve injury (PNI). NGCs have been made from both naturally derived and synthesized materials. While naturally derived materials typically have an increased capacity for bioactivity, synthesized materials have better material control, including tunability and reproducibility. Protein engineering is an alternative strategy that can bridge the benefits of these two classes of materials by designing cell-responsive materials that are also systematically tunable and consistent. Here, we tested a recombinantly derived elastin-like protein (ELP) hydrogel as an intraluminal filler in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. We demonstrated that ELPs enhance the probability of forming a tissue bridge between the proximal and distal nerve stumps compared to an empty silicone conduit across the length of a 10 mm nerve gap. These tissue bridges have evidence of myelinated axons, and electrophysiology demonstrated that regenerated axons innervated distal muscle groups. Animals implanted with an ELP-filled conduit had statistically higher functional control at 6 weeks than those that had received an empty silicone conduit, as evaluated by the sciatic functional index. Taken together, our data support the conclusion that ELPs support peripheral nerve regeneration in acute complete transection injuries when used as an intraluminal filler. These results support the further study of protein engineered recombinant ELP hydrogels as a reproducible, off-the-shelf alternative for regeneration of peripheral nerves.
Using fillers to tune material properties of an ion-containing semi-crystalline poly(ethylene glycol) for fused filament fabrication additive manufacturing

Abstract The materials library for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) additive manufacturing processes has been primarily dominated by amorphous thermoplastic materials. Semi-crystalline polymers form tough plastics due to their strong intermolecular forces, which makes them well suited for applications requiring wear and chemical resistance, thermal stability, and structural loading. However, they are infrequently used in FFF because of large shrinkage that occurs due to recrystallization during cooling, which causes printed layers to warp. The authors have previously evaluated a semi-crystalline polymer series (sulfonated poly(ethylene glycol) (SPEG)) for FFF printability. The influence of divalent counter-ions in the SPEG series altered the material properties and crystallization to enable processing via FFF. The SPEG containing a calcium counterion resulted in the print quality due to the higher viscosity (105 Pa∙s) allowing the material to hold shape in the melt and high-nucleation and small spherulite size mitigating the layer warping. However, the dialysis used for the ion exchange in the polymer synthesis procedure proved challenging for mass manufacturing scale-up. To circumvent this limitation, the authors explore the incorporation of ionically charged filler materials in the SPEG with a sodium counter-ion, poly(PEG8k-co-NaSIP), to achieve the desired properties for FFF processing. Both ionic (calcium chloride and calcium carbonate) and non-ionic (silica and starch) filler particles were added to poly(PEG8k-co-NaSIP) and the resulting material properties and effect on FFF printability were measured. The calcium chloride filler changed the viscosity, crystallinity, spherulite growth, and spherulite size which improved the processing via FFF without requiring an ion exchange. This technique may be applicable to other ionic polymers in order to alter their material properties to enable FFF printing.
Mechanism of endocytic regulation of intestinal tight junction remodeling during nutrient starvation in jejunal IPEC-J2 cells.

Intestinal epithelial cells are tightly bound by tight junction proteins (TJP) which are dynamic and sensitive to environmental stress. However, the role of the endocytic pathway in the regulation of TJP abundance and tight junction integrity during nutrient stress is poorly understood. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the regulation of TJP abundance during nutrient starvation and the role of the endocytic mechanism in this process. IPEC-J2 cells were subjected to nutrient starvation in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer (KRB) and abundance of TJP, an indication of tight junction remodeling, was characterized with RT-PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence. Abundance of TJP was dynamically regulated by nutrient starvation. The protein levels of claudin-1, 3, and 4 were initially downregulated within the first 6 hours of starvation, and then, increased thereafter (P < .01). However, there was no change in occludin and ZO-1. Lysosome and proteasome inhibitors were used to determine the contribution of these protein degradation pathways to the TJP remodeling. Short-term starvation-induced degradation of claudin-1, 3, and 4 was found to be lysosome dependent. Specifically, the downregulation of claudin-3 and 4 was via a dynamin-dependent, but clathrin and caveolae independent, endocytic pathway and this downregulation was partly reversed by amino acids supplementation. Interestingly, the re-synthesis of TJP with prolonged starvation partly depended on proteasome function. Collectively, this study, for the first time, elucidated a major role for dynamin-dependent endocytosis of claudin-3 and 4 during nutrient stress in intestinal epithelial cells. Therefore, transient endocytosis inhibition may be a potential mechanism for preserving tight junction integrity and function in metabolic or pathological states such as inflammatory bowel disease that involves destruction of intestinal epithelial TJP.
Dietary interventions as regulators of stem cell behavior in homeostasis and disease

Stem cells maintain tissues by balancing self-renewal with differentiation. A stem cell's local microenvironment, or niche, informs stem cell behavior and receives inputs at multiple levels. Increasingly, it is becoming clear that the overall metabolic status of an organism or metabolites themselves can function as integral members of the niche to alter stem cell fate. Macroscopic dietary interventions such as caloric restriction, the ketogenic diet, and a high-fat diet systemically alter an organism's metabolic state in different ways. Intriguingly, however, they all converge on a propensity to enhance self-renewal. Here, we highlight our current knowledge on how dietary changes feed into stem cell behavior across a wide variety of tissues and illuminate possible explanations for why diverse interventions can result in similar stem cell phenotypes. In so doing, we hope to inspire new avenues of inquiry into the importance of metabolism in stem cell homeostasis and disease.
Nfix Â Promotes Survival of Immature Hematopoietic Cells Via Regulation of C-Mpl

Abstract Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) are necessary for life-long blood production and replenishment of the hematopoietic system during stress. We recently identified the transcription factor nuclear factor I/X (Nfix) as a critical regulator of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) survival post-transplantation. Nfix -depleted HSPC are lost from the marrow between 7-10 days post-transplant and residual Nfix -depleted HSPC display elevated levels of apoptosis at these time-points. To further characterize the anti-apoptotic role of Nfix in HSPCs, we overexpressed Nfix in Lineage- Sca-1+ c-Kit+ (LSK) cells that were then maintained ex vivo under serum-free conditions with supportive cytokines and monitored the cultures for cell surface phenotype, growth, vector selection, and apoptosis. Ectopic expression of Nfix in primary mouse HSPCs had no significant effect on the expression of lineage markers compared to controls, but did appear to accelerate the loss of immunophenotypic LSK cells, as well as colony forming units (p = 0.023). Nfix -overexpressing HSPCs were extended in their ex vivo culture lifespan from about 20 days to 40 days, and were steadily selected for in culture. HSPCs overexpressing Nfix also displayed hypersensitivity to supportive cytokines and reduced apoptosis when subjected to cytokine deprivation compared to controls (p = 0.032). NFIX has been shown to potentially influence transcription of several known regulators of HSC biology. Here, we show that ectopic Nfix resulted in elevated levels of c-Mpl transcripts and cell surface protein on primary murine HSPCs as well as increased phosphorylation of STAT5, which is known to be activated down-stream of c-MPL. Consequently, Bcl-XL , an anti-apoptotic factor induced by STAT5, was also significantly upregulated in Nfix -overexpressing cells by two weeks of culture compared to controls (p = 0.0038). Blocking c-MPL signaling by removal of thrombopoietin or addition of a c-MPL neutralizing antibody significantly negated the anti-apoptotic effect of Nfix overexpression on cultured HSPCs (p = 0.045, p = 0.0098, respectively). Further, NFIX was capable of transcriptional activation of a proximal c-Mpl promoter fragment (p = 0.0056). In sum, these data suggest that NFIX-mediated up-regulation of c-Mpl transcription can protect primitive hematopoietic cells from stress ex vivo . Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Low refractive cladding in III-nitride photonics

III-Nitride based photonic crystals or metamaterials can operate in the visible and ultraviolet frequencies and are important for many nanophotonics applications. A key challenge in efficient operation of such III-nitride based optical nanostructures has been in creating a low refractive index interface cladding region between the high refractive index substrate GaN and the active layer due to a lack of compatible natural low index materials unlike those in Si and III-V systems. Here we will discuss achieving such optical substrate isolation in III-nitride nanophotonic devices using electrochemical and photo-electrochemical etching techniques [Opt. Mat. Exp. 2018, 8, 3543]. We will describe the fabrication of a GaN nanowire array utilizing this method of optical isolation and present the optical response to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. Sandia National Laboratories is managed and operated by NTESS under DOE NNSA contract DE-NA0003525.
Lung Cancer Screening: Development and Replication of a Decentralized Program to Increase Access.

Background Throughout its evolution, lung cancer screening has remained an evidence-based tool to detect earlier-stage disease and improve survival. Many lung cancer screening programs are planned and developed in one central location, which limits patient access. Objectives The purpose was to develop necessary and complex decentralized program components in affiliation with a large cancer care delivery system and a regional community hospital network in northeast Florida. Methods A program was pilot tested among five geographically diverse primary care offices for three years. The role of oncology nursing was crucial to achieve quality and efficacy in program development, regulatory compliance, and screening outcomes. Findings The program resulted in an increase in lung cancer screenings within the large healthcare network. The percentage of early-stage lung cancers identified increased, which led to improved patient outcomes and survival.
Nuclear Relaxation in a Spin-$$\frac{1}{2}$$ One-Dimensional Antiferromagnet

The spin dynamics in a spin—½, one-dimensional (1D) antiferromagnet (AF) at low temperatures is probed by nuclear spin—lattice relaxation measurements. The absence of a long-range order and a true phase transition even at 0°K results in large-amplitude spin fluctuations which dominate the relaxation even at very low temperatures and give rise to a finite relaxation rate at T→ 0°K.
Chapter 56 – Antigen Delivery Systems II: Development of Live Recombinant Attenuated Bacterial Antigen and DNA Vaccine Delivery Vector Vaccines

The development of safe, efficacious recombinant attenuated bacterial antigen delivery systems requires attention to some desired attributes. The vaccine design should be focused on—enhancing immunogenicity and the magnitude and duration of the immune response to the expressed protective antigen, and on diminishing the potentially competing immune responses to antigens of the attenuated bacterial antigen delivery vector. Depending upon the disease to be prevented and the nature of the pathogen causing that disease—it may be necessary to make genetic modifications of the antigen delivery system, to maximize a Th2 response important for inducing mucosal and systemic antibody responses or, in other cases, a Th1 response to enhance the cellular immunity. It is potentially desirable to introduce biological containment features into vaccines to prevent their survival and persistence in environments into which they might be introduced as a consequence of immunization. The magnitude of protective immunity to an expressed protective antigen in regard to mucosal and systemic antibody responses, is more or less dependent on the amount of protective antigen delivered to the immunized host.
Stroboscopic study of motion changes that accompany modifications and improvements in a throwing performance.

Abstract This study identifies and analyzes the effects of practice on the movement changes of an upper limb while engaged in a novel ball throwing task for accuracy. Eight male university students served as subjects and participated in a training program consisting of 50 throws per day at a target for 20 consecutive days. Information taken from stroboscopic photographs of the first and last days of the practice sessions served as the data for the study. Accounts made each day of the average deviation of the ball about the target center indicated a considerable reduction in throwing error. The motor modifications that accompanied this performance improvement included changes in rate (velocity magnitude) and changes in position (wrist angle). Posttest limb velocity scores were reduced in value from their pretest counterparts. These posttest velocities were also considerably more consistent. Initial posttest limb accelerations were much lower than similar measurements made of the pretest throws. Subsequent ...
A semantic framework for declassification and endorsement

Language-based information flow methods offer a principled way to enforce strong security properties, but enforcing noninterference is too inflexible for realistic applications. Security-typed languages have therefore introduced declassification mechanisms for relaxing confidentiality policies, and endorsement mechanisms for relaxing integrity policies. However, a continuing challenge has been to define what security is guaranteed when such mechanisms are used. This paper presents a new semantic framework for expressing security policies for declassification and endorsement in a language-based setting. The key insight is that security can be described in terms of the power that declassification and endorsement give the attacker. The new framework specifies how attacker controlled code affects program execution and what the attacker is able to learn from observable effects of this code. This approach yields novel security conditions for checked endorsements and robust integrity. The framework is flexible enough to recover and to improve on the previously introduced notions of robustness and qualified robustness. Further, the new security conditions can be soundly enforced by a security type system. The applicability and enforcement of the new policies is illustrated through various examples, including data sanitization and authentication.
Trisacryl Gelatin Microembolism and Metastases in the Lung after Renal Artery Embolization and Nephrectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma

This is the first report, to our knowledge, of widespread, histologically confirmed trisacryl gelatin pulmonary microembolism after renal artery embolization (RAE). In addition, this is the first report of lung involvement by both metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and an embolic agent used for RAE. The patient was a 63-year-old woman who recently presented with both dyspnea on exertion and productive cough. Her past medical history included clear cell RCC, which was treated with preoperative trisacryl gelatin microsphere RAE and right nephrectomy 9 years earlier. Computed tomography of the chest showed multiple lung nodules, a mass-like density in the left lower lobe, and mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy. Wedge resections of the lung showed multiple foci of metastatic RCC and extensive involvement of the muscular pulmonary arteries by trisacryl gelatin microspheres.
OUT-OF-PILE SUBCHANNEL MEASUREMENTS IN A NINE-ROD BUNDLE FOR WATER AT 1000 PSIA

From internatlonal syxnposium on two-phase systems; Haifa, Israel (29 Aug 1971). See CONF-710836-. Measurements of the local mass flux and enthalpy distribution in a nine-rod bundle wlth geometrical parameters typical of a square- pitch boiling-water reactor fuel bundle are described. The method of isokinetic sampling was employed for warious flow rate-heat flux combinations with both single- and two-phase exit conditions. The method consists of physically isolating the flow in individual subchannels near the test section exit by means of flow splitters. The flow rates in the representative sub channels are adjusted by means of flow control valves so as to maintain isokinetic conditions (i.e., a constant static pressure across the cross section just ahead of the flow splitiers). These flow rates are then measured and the qualities calculated by calorimetry. Sampling measurements were performed for uniform heat flux over a six-foot heated length with both pin-type spacers (which cause minimum disturbance to the flow) and grid-type spacers. The effects of grid spacers on the redistribution of flow within the rod array were examined. Tests were also made with non-uniform heat fluxes. The data were checked for consistency by means of overall continuity balances for both mass and energy. Comparisons wlthmore » existing subchannel computer codes (e.g. COBRA) show that these codes do not predict the two-phase results well in the geometry tested. In general, a tendency for the steam to migrate to the central, high-velocity region of the bundle was observed. Possible reasons for this discrepancy between the data and the predictions of present generation computer codes are discussed. (auth)« less
The gastrointestinal manifestations of scleroderma: pathogenesis and management

This case exemplifies the severe gastrointestinal manifestations of scleroderma. Esophageal, gastric, small intestinal, and colonic motility disorders were present. The patient was unable to survive on oral feedings or tube feedings. He was clinically resistant to the pharmacologic stimulation of gastrointestinal motility. After considerable discussion the patient was begun on intravenous hyperalimentation to be performed at home. Approximately 1 hr later, he has done remarkably well. He has maintained his weight and has had only one brief hospitalized for a sepsis most likely related to the intravenous feedings. He is still unable to take oral feedings. Other organs have remained clinically uninvolved, and the skin and joint disease have remained stable. It is our feeling that intravenous home alimentation has provided a useful adjunct to management in this patient with severe gastrointestinal involvement of scleroderma. It is hoped that the newer therapeutic modalities described by Dr. Jimenez may be effective in patients with this disease who can now be nourished parenterally.
Argon matrix isolation study of the thermal and photochemical reaction of with

Abstract The matrix isolation technique has been combined with infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations to identify and characterize the initial and secondary products in the thermal and photochemical reactions of OVCl 3 with ( CH 3 ) 2 CO . Initial deposition into argon matrices at 14 K led to the formation, in high yield, of the 1:1 molecular complex. This species appears to be strongly bound, leading to large shifts to certain vibrational modes of both the acid and base subunits. Bands due to the complex were destroyed by near-UV irradiation ( λ>300 nm), and led to the formation of intense product bands. In contrast to previous studies, HCl elimination from an initial complex was not observed. Many possible products were considered, including isomerization, decomposition, addition, and addition followed by fragmentation pathways. The products were identified by the use of isotopic labeling and comparison to theoretical calculations. The primary product was determined to be Cl 3 V ( CH 3 ) OC ( O ) CH 3 , formed through rupture of a C–C bond in ( CH 3 ) 2 CO and addition of the two fragments to OVCl 3 . Possible evidence for a second isomer, slightly higher in energy ( Cl 3 V ( OCH 3 )( C ( O ) CH 3 )) was also found.
Demonstration of tumor-associated antigens in human gynecologic malignancies☆☆☆

Abstract The testing of cervical tissue from patients with invasive carcinoma of the cervix by microimmunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis has shown the presence of at least one antigen associated with the invasive state. The antigen was extracted in saline, and heterologous antiserum was prepared after intensive immunization. The antiserum was thoroughly absorbed with pooled normal human plasma and pooled lyophilized normal cervical tissue extract. Cervical carcinoma extracts from 18 patients showed the presence of the tumor antigen while 35 normal cervical tissue extract failed to react with the antiserum. The tumor antigen was shown to be identical in each specimen. Extracts of colon and breast carcinoma did not show lines of identity with cervical carcinoma, and all normal nongenital tissue failed to react with cervical carcinoma antiserum.
Synthesis of a new open framework cerium silicate and its structure determination by single crystal X-ray diffraction

Hydrothermal synthesis of a new open framework cerium silicate and its structure determination by single crystal X-ray diffraction are reported.
Sentence Recast Use by Parents of Children With Typical Language and Children With Specific Language Impairment

Many early studies failed to find differences in the language input of parents to children with specific language impairments (SLI) when compared to the input provided for MLU-matched children with typical language (TL). More recent investigations have revealed significant differences in the frequency of sentence recasts provided to young children. Specifically, parents of children with SLI have been shown to produce fewer recasts than do parents of younger children with TL. Because recasts have been shown to facilitate morphosyntactic development, these findings have important assessment and treatment implications. The purpose of this study was to replicate and extend these recent findings. The sentence recast usage of the parents of 10 children with SLI was compared with the recast usage of parents of 10 younger children with TL at two points in time. This strategy enabled us to examine specific hypotheses about the quantity of recasts used by parents and the changes in patterns of use over time. The re...
Time variation of industrial system short-circuit currents and induction motor contributions

CALCULATIONS of the approximate variation with time of industrial power system short-circuit currents were made for a discussion of the circuit-breaker application procedure proposed in an AIEE paper.1 The results of the calculations indicate that induction motor loads produce contributions to short-circuit currents that do not decay rapidly in every case and perhaps should not be ignored even when present simplified application calculating procedures permit it.2 In this paper, the method used to determine the approximate short-circuit current time variation is described, and the behavior of induction motors which produce short-circuit current contributions that do not decay rapidly is discussed.
Effects of structure and modification on sustained release properties of starches

Starches of different sources and compositions were investigated to determine the effect of structure and chemical modification on the sustained release properties of the resultant modified starches. Starches were cross-linked with epichlorohydrin and substituted with carboxymethyl or aminoethyl groups at different levels. Substitution efficiency was overall higher for waxy corn and potato starches than for Hylon VII, and was higher for starches at low cross-linking levels than those at high cross-linking ones. Waxy corn starch displayed better sustained release properties when cross-linked to a lower level, whereas Hylon VII showed better performances when cross-linked to a higher level. Matrices substituted with carboxymethyl and aminoethyl groups at the high level showed better sustained release properties than those substituted at the low level. The proportion and structure of amylose and amylopectin in starches from different botanical sources strongly influenced the level of modification required to produce a satisfactory sustained release matrix.
Children's and Parents' Views of Ingratiation Tactics

Three studies were conducted. In Study I, 272 children were individually administered, via tape recordings, a questionnaire designed to assess their preferences for ingratiation tactics given particular targets. It was found that learning disabled children preferred ingratiation strategies which were judged less socially desirable by adults than those selected by non-learning disabled children. Additionally, scores on the questionnaire were not correlated with intelligence test scores, but were correlated with the child's sociometric ratings from peers and teacher ratings of the child's academic and attentional competence. In Study II parents of learning disabled and nondisabled children were compared as to their ratings of the social desirability of various ingratiation tactics. While no differences were found which were attributable to parent differences, parents made reliable discriminations as to the social desirability of various tactics addressed to particular targets. Study III attempted to replica...