cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Anti-EGFR targeted monoclonal antibody isotype influences anti-tumor immunity in head and neck cancer patients

EGFR is frequently overexpressed on several cancers, and two targeted antibodies are FDA approved but differ by isotype. Cetuximab (IgG1 isotype) has been shown to be effective at both inhibiting downstream signaling of EGFR and activating anti-tumor, cellular immune mechanisms. While panitumumab (IgG2 isotype) can inhibit downstream EGFR signaling similar to cetuximab, panitumumab might also induce antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) or adaptive immunity. We sought to investigate the cellular immunity specifically activated by cetuximab or panitumumab showing that both mAb primarily activate NK cells, although cetuximab was significantly more potent than panitumumab. We also observed that although panitumumab may activate monocytes through the CD32 (FcγRIIa) receptor, neither mAb activated monocytes sufficiently to mediate ADCC. Cetuximab enhanced DC maturation to a greater extent than panitumumab, corresponding with improved cross presentation of tumor antigen by cetuximab compared with panitumumab. Indeed, improved adaptive immune responses with increased EGFR-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells were present in patients treated with cetuximab compared to those treated with panitumumab. These results suggest that although panitumumab effectively inhibits EGFR signaling to a similar extent as cetuximab, it is less effective at mediating anti-tumor, cellular immune mechanisms which may be crucial for effective therapy for HNSCC.
ABA Regulation of the Cold Stress Response in Plants

Low temperature is a major environmental factor that limits plant growth, productivity, and distribution. To ensure optimal growth and survival, plants must respond and adapt to cold stress using a variety of biochemical and physiological processes. Currently, the most thoroughly understood cold-signalling pathway is the C-repeat binding factor/DRE-binding factor (CBF/DREB) transcriptional regulatory cascade. Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important stress hormone in plants that has been demonstrated to be involved in the cold stress response through regulation of a set of specific stress-responsive genes. The current consensus is that both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways are involved in plant responses to cold stress. This chapter summarises recent progress made in our understanding of cold signalling and the role of ABA in cold stress, and we also address cross talk between ABA and several classical phytohormones that integrate with cold signalling.
Dependable Trend Measurement Is Not Just IRT Scaling: Commentary on “Linking Large-Scale Reading Assessments: Measuring International Trends Over 40 Years”

Linking IEA’s international reading assessments across 40 years is an interesting endeavor from several perspectives. Being able to examine trends in reading achievement at the 4th grade over such ...
Automated generation of failure modes and effects analysis for a medical device

A method of generating Failure Modes and Effects Analysis using SysML Block Definition Diagrams and Internal Block Diagrams is described. Additional annotations describing the failure propagation or transformation between neighboring components can be contained either within properties of the connections between blocks or in an external data file. An external Java program traverses the Internal Block Diagram based on the defined nearest neighbor failure propagations to generate the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis. The technique is demonstrated on a microprocessor-controlled medical infusion pump published by the Object Management Group as a SysML challenge problem. The resulting analysis showed that without addition of failure detection features, the challenge problem design contained multiple high severity failure modes that had previously not been identified.
Racial and insurance based disparities in the treatment of carotid artery stenosis: a study of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample

Background and purpose Minorities and uninsured/underinsured patients have poorer access to healthcare system resources, especially preventative treatments. We sought to determine whether racial and insurance based disparities existed in the treatment of carotid artery stenosis. Methods Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, hospitalizations for carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis from 2005 to 2011 were identified. We calculated χ 2 tests, and bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were fit to assess differences in the characteristics of patients receiving carotid revascularization for asymptomatic compared with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Demographic characteristics studied included race/ethnicity (white, black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander) and primary payer status (Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, self-pay and no charge). Results Between 2005 and 2011, 890 680 patients underwent carotid revascularization for the treatment of carotid artery stenosis (92.1% asymptomatic and 7.9% symptomatic). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that Medicaid (OR=0.87, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.92, p Conclusions Minorities and self-pay/Medicaid patients were less likely to receive carotid revascularization when asymptomatic—rather they were more likely to have treatment only after symptoms had developed. These findings suggest possible disparities in the degree of morbidity related to carotid artery stenosis, the likelihood of early detection, and/or the likelihood of treatment conditional on indication.
Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Comparison of Inherited Deleterious Effects in Progeny from Irradiated Males and Females

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), male and female adults were exposed to substerilizing doses of radiation. Inherited deleterious effects in progeny of irradiated male and female lines were compared for several generations. Effects of radiation on P1 reproductive ability were greater for irradiated females than for irradiated males; however, inheritance of deleterious effects was greater for progeny from irradiated males. A theoretical model is used to assess the feasibility of employing these genetically altered insects and their respective progeny in fall armyworm control.
Is stress at hospital discharge after acute myocardial infarction greater in women than in men

BACKGROUND Stress surrounding hospital discharge after acute myocardial infarction increases the likelihood that the condition will recur. Although increased age, a more severe illness and a higher incidence of persistent cardiac symptoms suggest that women would experience more stress at discharge, data comparing stress experienced by women and men have not been reported. PURPOSE To compare the level of stress experienced by women and men at hospital discharge after acute myocardial infarction. SAMPLE Data from 54 women and 182 men from a government hospital, two private community hospitals and a teaching/community hospital. RESULTS Stress scores of women were not found to be different from those of men, nor were five of the six most stressful concerns identified in the study. No difference was found in severity of illness or age. CONCLUSIONS Women and men experience similar levels of stress at hospital discharge after acute myocardial infarction. Furthermore, both genders can benefit equally from interventions designed to reduce stress.
Control of Clostridiumbotulinum in Foods

The global burden of foodborne and waterborne diseases on human health and economics is enormous. Historically, humans have relied on preservation methods for foods such as drying, salting, smoking, acidification, and fermentation to ensure their microbiological safety. As our understanding of food preservation developed, a variety of chemical antimicrobials and processing techniques became available to control infections and toxin production by foodborne pathogens. A current global trend in food manufacturing and consumption is the preference by consumers for minimally processed, convenient, fresh-tasting, healthful, non-GMO, and organically produced foods. These requirements challenge the food industry in the production of safe food products and limit the use of chemical preservatives and antibiotics in foods and the food chain. There is considerable need for the development of efficacious natural antimicrobials and bactericidal systems for use in foods to prevent disease and food spoilage. A pathogen of major concern in global foodborne disease, and the central focus of this chapter, is the spore-former Clostridium botulinum. C. botulinum produces the most poisonous toxin known to humankind and the intramuscular lethal dose is estimated to be 0.1–0.5 ng per kg body weight, and the oral dose 0.2–1.2 µg per kg in adults, while infants are likely susceptible to a considerably lower lethal dose. Due to its high potency, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is also considered a potential agent of bioterrorism. The goal of this chapter is to describe new developments in natural antimicrobials and antimicrobial systems to prevent growth and BoNT production in foods and in the human intestine and wounds by C. botulinum. These developments for food safety are important to enhance the quality of foods, to enable production of foods with extended shelf life and wide geographic distribution, and to address the challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
Detection of minor and trace Lead in ambient air by digestion tank-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

[Objective]To establish a simple and convenient method of sample treatment for the basic laboratory to detect lead level in the air.[Methods]The microspore membrane filter used for samples collecting was primed by pressure digestion tank.The content of air lead will be detected by using graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.[Results] The detection limit of the method for air lead was 0.003 6 μg/m3,with a linear range of 0.2-100.0 ng/ml and linear correlation coefficient 0.999 62.When applied to determine a 20 ng/ml lead standard solution,the obtained precision of RSD was 2.36%,the recoveries were 97.6-101.7%.[Conclusion]This method is sensitive,accurate,easy to operate and of low detection limit,therefore it can meet the basic laboratory demand for determination of air lead level.
Auroral Kilometric Radiation as a Consequence of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling

Prof. Jim Dungey’s Masters degree student Stephen Knight published a paper (Planet. Space Sci. 21:741–750, 1973) that explained how auroral flux tubes could carry enhanced upward currents through the acceleration of magnetospheric electrons by a parallel electric field. While the model was developed to explain field-aligned currents, the model was later found to be essential in understanding the generation of Auroral kilometric radiation (AKR), which is an intense radio emission generated above Earth’s auroral zone. AKR is generated in the region of upward field-aligned current, and the field-aligned currents are required in order to transmit the stresses imposed by magnetospheric convection to the ionosphere. The accelerating potential, in concert with the magnetic mirror force, introduces perpendicular gradients in the electron distribution function, which has a horseshoe-like appearance. This horseshoe distribution is unstable to X-mode waves near the electron gyro-frequency, thereby generating AKR. Given the ubiquity of AKR-like radio emissions, it is likely that these emissions are a manifestation of coupling between different plasmas through field-aligned currents that require accelerating potentials to provide the current. Many of these emissions have fine structure, and this fine structure provides clues as to microphysical processes occurring in the source region of the emission.
Biological Model Development as an Opportunity to Provide Content Auditing for the Foundational Model of Anatomy Ontology

Constructing a biological model using an established ontology provides a unique opportunity to perform content auditing on the ontology. We built a Markov chain model to study tumor metastasis in the regional lymphatics of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The model attempts to determine regions with high likelihood for metastasis, which guides surgeons and radiation oncologists in selecting the boundaries of treatment. To achieve consistent anatomical relationships, the nodes in our model are populated using lymphatic objects extracted from the Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA) ontology. During this process, we discovered several classes of inconsistencies in the lymphatic representations within the FMA. We were able to use this model building opportunity to audit the entities and connections in this region of interest (ROI). We found five subclasses of errors that are computationally detectable and resolvable, one subclass of errors that is computationally detectable but unresolvable, requiring the assistance of a content expert, and also errors of content, which cannot be detected through computational means. Mathematical descriptions of detectable errors along with expert review were used to discover inconsistencies and suggest concepts for addition and removal. Out of 106 organ and organ parts in the ROI, 8 unique entities were affected, leading to the suggestion of 30 concepts for addition and 4 for removal. Out of 27 lymphatic chain instances, 23 were found to have errors, with a total of 32 concepts suggested for addition and 15 concepts for removal. These content corrections are necessary for the accurate functioning of the FMA and provide benefits for future research and educational uses.
Dorsal Cutaneous Penile Hump: A Key to Occult Chordee

AbstractThe presence of a dorsal cutaneous penile hump in boys should alert the examiner to the presence of an occult ventral curvature.
Interactive Search and Exploration of Waveform Data with Searchlight

Searchlight enables search and exploration of large, multi-dimensional data sets interactively. It allows users to explore by specifying rich constraints for the "objects" they are interested in identifying. Constraints can express a variety of properties, including a shape of the object (e.g., a waveform interval of length 10-100ms), its aggregate properties (e.g., the average amplitude of the signal over the interval is greater than 10), and similarity to another object (e.g., the distance between the interval's waveform and the query waveform is less than 5). Searchlight allows users to specify an arbitrary number of such constraints, with mixing different types of constraints in the same query. Searchlight enhances the query execution engine of an array DBMS (currently SciDB) with the ability to perform sophisticated search using the power of Constraint Programming (CP). This allows an existing CP solver from Or-Tools (an open-source suite of operations research tools from Google) to directly access data inside the DBMS without the need to extract and transform it. This demo will illustrate the rich search and exploration capabilities of Searchlight, and its innovative technical features, by using the real-world MIMIC II data set, which contains waveform data for multi-parameter recordings of ICU patients, such as ABP (Arterial Blood Pressure) and ECG (electrocardiogram). Users will be able to search for interesting waveform intervals by specifying aggregate properties of the corresponding signals. In addition, they will be able to search for intervals similar to already found, where similarity is defined as a distance between the signal sequences.
Student Reaction to the A.I.A.-Sponsored Student Forum in Washington, D. C.

(1956). Student Reaction to the A.I.A.-Sponsored Student Forum in Washington, D. C. Journal of Architectural Education: Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 21-22.
Social framework of pediatric heart recipients who have survived more than 15 post-transplant years: A single-center experience.

To evaluate social development of pediatric heart transplant (tx) recipients who have lived 15 or more years after transplantation. Among 498 pediatric patients, age less than 18 years, who underwent heart transplantation, at a single institution, 337 were performed between 1985 and 1998. We identified all who survived more than 15 years and engaged them in a survey regarding employment, education, marital, and social status. One hundred and eighty-three recipients (54.3%; 183/337) have survived greater than 15 years; of these, 150 (81.9%) subjects are alive with age ranging from 15.04 from 28 years (median, 23.6 years). Forty-two patients (23%) are independent, 127 (69%) were living at home, and 14 (8%) have been lost to follow-up. Ninety-nine survivors (66%) responded to the survey study. Currently, five recipients are married. Seventy-four completed high school, 21 are enrolled in high school, and four did not complete high school. Of the 47 recipients who started college, 27 are currently enrolled, 11 graduated, and nine did not finish college. Ninety-four patients have health insurance, 40 are employed, and 31 receive financial assistance for a disability. The majority of recipients of pediatric heart transplantation are able to reach reasonable academic milestones, achieve social well-being, and professional independence.
Adolescent-to-Parent Violence: Translating Research into Effective Practice

Adolescent-to-parent violence is an increasingly recognized family and societal problem. Documented prevalence rates range between 5 and 22% of the population; however, researchers speculate that this is a gross underestimate. Parents and caregivers are hesitant to report adolescent-to-parent violence because, in large part, there are no standardized protocols for police response and evidence-based treatment practices are nonexistent. This article offers an updated narrative review of existing literature on adolescent-to-parent violence found through word searches in the databases Google Scholar and PsychInfo followed by additional review of cited literature in all articles located. We review extant theoretical frameworks that guide research and practice, discuss the impact of inconsistent research methods on the current state of knowledge, integrate new empirical data on risk and protective factors and assessment procedures, and detail existing intervention approaches. There are substantial detrimental consequences of adolescent-to-parent violence for families and current research, assessment, and intervention practices have fallen short of fully addressing these needs. A collective, collaborative, and interdisciplinary effort by clinical scientists, mental health practitioners, and the legal community is greatly needed to develop a more comprehensive and integrated literature that can then inform policy and practice.
Pheidole: Sociobiology of a Highly Diverse Genus

The ant genus Pheidole, one of the most diverse and abundant forms of life on earth, has served as an important model in sociobiology. Pheidole workers are either small (minors) or large (majors). Minors perform tasks according to their age: they nurse, maintain the nest, and forage when mature. Majors (‘soldiers’) specialize in defense and food processing. Variation among Pheidole species in social organization reflects ecological adaptation. Brain anatomy and neurochemistry are associated with worker size, age, and task performance. Our understanding of social evolution has been significantly increased by explorations of the behavior, ecology, and neurobiology of Pheidole.
The Problem of the Social Goal-Objective Formation in Democratic Societies of Collective Decision-Choice Systems

Every theoretical construct must define the space of analysis. This space must contain the questions and problems that are of interest to cognitive agents. These problems and questions must relate to social set-ups and natural order. In this frame, theory is about problem solving, as well as a search for answers to questions. These problems and questions arise out of social exigencies which keep on creating new ones as existing problems get solved and existing questions get answered. Theories are, thus, not about purely intellectual activities for their own sake but directional attempts for explanation and prescription. These problems and questions are part of the initial information structure and its evolution for continual knowing. Every social formation is composed of the individuals and the collective in the social action space that must reveal the individual and collective behavioral actions in the decision-choice system. The study of the behavior of any society may proceed by studying the individual and collective choice-behavior and how the individual behaviors interact to produce the observed individual and collective outcomes. It is from the structure of the social set-up that attention must be paid to the individual-community duality as a conceptual foundation in dealing with the problems of explanation and prescription in the social system and its qualitative and quantitative dynamics as it interacts with resources for individual and collective survival.
Judicial Review of Regulatory Impact Analysis: Why Not the Best?

Regulatory agencies often produce mediocre economic analysis to accompany major regulations, and they often fail to explain how the analysis influenced their decisions. One reasonable hypothesis for this deficiency is that the enforcement mechanism  review within the executive branch by OIRA  is relatively weak. For this reason, Congress is considering proposals that would require regulatory impact analysis and subject agency analysis to judicial review. Judicial review provides a potentially stronger enforcement mechanism, but critics argue that judges lack the relevant expertise to assess economic analysis and that they could impose their own policy views regardless of the law. For judicial review to work, judges need to be able to verify agency compliance even though they are not experts in the subject matter the agencies deal with. This article summarizes empirical research on the current quality of regulatory impact analysis, assesses whether courts are capable of reviewing the quality and use of regulatory impact analysis, and explores whether courts should receive more concrete statutory guidance than the current arbitrary and capricious standard provides.
Cognitive Informatics and Health Behaviors: The Road Ahead

The transformation of healthcare can be partly attributed to the rapid development of technology. This started with the use of technology in the clinical arena; now, consumer-based devices and applications are being used by patients to record and manage their own health.
Host response: Inflammation promotes TB growth

Nitric oxide synthase has long been associated with control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. However, new work reveals that instead of directing an antibacterial killing response, nitric oxide is critical for restraining granulocytic inflammation, which can provide a nutrient-rich niche for increased bacterial growth.
Learning Human–Robot Interaction for Robot-Assisted Pedestrian Flow Optimization

Due to the fast-is-slower phenomenon in emergency escape, it is desirable to regulate pedestrian flows at the exit or a bottleneck. We propose a new robot-assisted pedestrian regulation and study passive human–robot interaction (HRI). A learning-based motion control approach is presented for a robot to efficiently interact with pedestrians for desirable collective motion. We first formulate the problem into an optimal control framework using the pedestrian dynamics description based on existing social force models with embedded HRI forces. To solve the defined optimal control problem, we propose an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) approach to provide adjustable motion parameters of the robot to efficiently interact with pedestrians so that the regulated pedestrian flow tracks a desired velocity. The ADP control process only uses observed flow information rather than the models of pedestrians, and the ADP method provides feedback control with online learning and control capability. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach can regulate pedestrian flows to desirable speeds by online learning.
Biceps Brachii Tendon Injuries: Biceps Tendon Rupture

Biceps tendon injuries can be a significant source of pain, loss of function, and upper arm deformity in either the acute or chronic setting. Evaluation and treatments differ depending on whether the proximal or distal tendon is affected. A thorough history and physical examination is crucial in making the correct diagnosis. MRI is often a useful ancillary test to confirm and delineate the extent of the injury. Treatment options vary depending on the location of the injury as well as patient and surgeon preference.
Minimally Clinically Important Change in the Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care (AM-PAC), a Generic Patient-Reported Outcome Tool, in People With Low Back Pain.

Background The Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care (AM-PAC) is a generic metric of patient-reported functional status. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in the AM-PAC score has not been determined. Objective The study objective was to determine the MCID for AM-PAC in people with low back pain. Design This was a retrospective cohort study. Methods Anchor-based and distribution-based methods were used to estimate the MCID. The Modified Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire was used as the anchor. Adults who had a primary ICD-9 code for low back pain in at least 1 outpatient physical therapist visit during an episode of care and who completed both the AM-PAC and the Modified Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire in at least 2 visits during the care episode were included. The MCID was calculated for the AM-PAC basic mobility version as well its adapted version, which the Cleveland Clinic uses for patients 65 years old or older. Results A total of 1,271 participants were eligible for study. For the AM-PAC basic mobility version, anchor-based methods yielded MCID estimates of between 3.4 and 5.1, whereas distribution-based methods yielded estimates of 1.7 to 4.2. The minimal detectable change (MDC) for the AM-PAC basic mobility version was 3.3. For the adapted AM-PAC basic mobility version, the MCID was estimated to be between 2.9 and 4.0 via anchor-based methods and between 1.2 to 3.5 via distribution-based methods. The MDC for the adapted AM-PAC basic mobility version was 3.5. Limitations The estimated MCID was designed for people with low back pain only. Conclusions The MCID ranged from 3.3 to 5.1 for the AM-PAC basic mobility version and 3.5 to 4 for the adapted version, with the MDC as the lower limit. Changes in the AM-PAC for people with low back pain may be interpreted using the estimated MCID. Future studies are needed to determine the AM-PAC MCID for populations other than those with low back pain.
Reduction of cross-polarized back lobe radiation in circularly polarized loop yagi arrays

It has recently been shown that a loop yagi array can be made to generate circularly polarization by loading the driven element with reactances placed at carefully selected locations. However, the traditional design using a single reflector yields a radiation pattern with a strong cross-polarized back lobe. It is shown here that the back lobe can be reduced significantly without seriously compromising the other performance characteristics of the array by placing additional reflectors behind the first reflector.
A Bibliography of Literature Dealing with the General Concept of Time, Time-related Data Analysis, and Time-Budget Studies—with an Emphasis on Leisure

(1972). A Bibliography of Literature Dealing with the General Concept of Time, Time-related Data Analysis, and Time-Budget Studies—with an Emphasis on Leisure. Journal of Leisure Research: Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 232-244.
The Female Therapist in Relation to Male Roles

In looking at the extensive literature on psychotherapy over the years, it is striking to note that the treatment of male patients by female therapists has not received special attention. In fact, with the possible exception of some adolescent and homosexual patients, the therapist’s gender has been considered irrelevant to the process and outcome of psychotherapy.
Systems for Display of Three-Dimensional Medical Image Data

This paper briefly describes several research projects at UNC Chapel Hill involved with the display of 3D medical image data. A number of display methods is reviewed, and several new approaches outlined. Despite dramatic progress in display capability in recent years, even the most powerful current systems are inadequate for many daily medical imaging tasks. More powerful display systems in the near future may dramatically increase comprehensibility of complex 3D medical image data by enabling smooth interaction by direct manipulation, display without noticeable lag, and presentation of more powerful 3D depth cues such as head-motion parallax and stereopsis. These new systems will consist not only of a more powerful display engine, but also of an improved user interface with which the user can more easily interact than with current systems. One promising such interface for the future is based on a head-mounted display, one that allows the user to observe synthetic 3D structures superimposed on the world around him, allowing him to walk about these structures and modify them by direct manipulation using hand-held (simulated) tools. The poor quality of current miniature video displays prevents this approach from becoming a useful display method for 3D medical image data.
Treatment of Traumatic Elbow Instability With an Internal Joint Stabilizer.

Purpose Current options for treating elbow instability include bony and/or ligamentous fixation with orthosis or cast immobilization, transarticular cross-pinning, temporary bridge plating, and hinged or rigid external fixation. Our purpose was to evaluate the recently developed internal joint stabilizer (IJS), which acts as an internal external fixator of the elbow. Our primary end point was to assess whether use of the device results in a stable and congruent reduction of the ulnohumeral and radiocapitellar joints in patients with acute or chronic elbow instability as a result of trauma. In our series, patients with elbow instability as a result of acute or chronic trauma were treated with an IJS. Methods This retrospective study reviewed 20 patients who underwent placement of a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved IJS for elbow instability. Serial physical examinations and radiographs were performed to verify stability. Patients were instructed that, if they are dissatisfied with their postoperative motion, a secondary contracture release operation will be offered to them. Patients were asked to complete outcome-scoring questionnaires including the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and hand (DASH) and Mayo Elbow Performance (MEP) score. Complications were monitored for all patients. Results Twenty patients who underwent placement of an IJS for persistent elbow instability were reviewed. Patients with a flexion-extension arc of 70° or less at 12 weeks were offered a staged arthroscopic contracture release. The average MEP score improved from 12.2 ± 12.4 to 82.5 ± 14.3 and the average DASH score improved from 85.3 ± 23.0 to 37.26 ± 29.3. The average postoperative flexion-extension arc at most recent follow-up was 124.3° ± 14.9°, with a median follow-up of 17 months (8 weeks–25 months). Conclusions Use of an IJS allows for early, congruent, and stable ulnohumeral and radiocapitellar range of motion in instances of persistent elbow instability. Type of study/level of evidence Therapeutic IV.
Housing Market Institutions

This article provides an introduction to the institutional character of different housing systems, the interplay between institutions, and the effect on housing market outcomes. Private sector, community-based, and public sector organisations are compared in order to evaluate their roles in housing sector dynamics. In addition to formal organisations, informal institutional forms in housing markets need to be considered, such as national perceptions and local customs. In order to engender a comparative perspective, this article takes an interest in the diversity of institutional tone between different markets.
Aberrant Transcription Factors in AML

Several transcription factors both play a central role in normal, hematopoiesis and are altered in subsets of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). CBF, c-Myb, MLL, HOXA9, WT1, and EVI-1 regulate stem/progenitor cell expansion, C/EBPα, PU.1, and RARα control myeloid development, and GATA-1 is required for erythroid and megakaryocytic development. Chromosomal translocations, point mutations, or indirect effects on expression perturb the normal activities of these factors in myeloid leukemias. The contributions these aberrant transcription factors make to the transformed phenotype are described in this chapter, following a review of the functions of their normal counterparts in hematopoiesis. Targeting transcription factors as a novel mode of AML therapy is also discussed.
Self-care and Well-being in Mental Health Professionals: The Mediating Effects of Self-awareness and Mindfulness

Because mental health professionals are susceptible to impairment and burnout that may negatively affect clinical work, it is ethically imperative that they engage in self-care. Previous research h...
CNS Persistence of HIV-1 in Children: the Untapped Reservoir.

The central nervous system (CNS) represents a potential HIV-1 reservoir that may need to be specifically targeted by remission strategies. Perinatally HIV-1-infected children and youth are exposed to HIV-1 at a critical period of brain development. This review summarizes the current literature regarding HIV-1 and the CNS in perinatal infection. HIV-1-associated encephalopathy is prevalent with perinatal infection and neurocognitive impairment persists even following antiretroviral treatment (ART)-mediated suppression of viremia. Compartmentalization of HIV-1 between plasma and CSF of ART-naive, perinatally infected children suggests the presence of a CNS reservoir; however, similar studies have not yet been conducted with ART suppression. CSF viral escape where CSF and plasma virus concentrations are discordant has been reported in this population, but larger studies with well-defined virologic and immunologic parameters are needed. A better understanding of HIV-1 persistence in the CNS with perinatal infection is essential for improving long-term neurocognitive outcomes and for designing strategies to induce HIV-1 remission in this population.
Normal weighted composition operators on the Hardy space H2(U)

Abstract Let φ be an analytic function on the open unit disc U such that φ ( U ) ⊆ U , and let ψ be an analytic function on U such that the weighted composition operator W ψ , φ defined by W ψ , φ f = ψ f ○ φ is bounded on the Hardy space H 2 ( U ) . We characterize those weighted composition operators on H 2 ( U ) that are unitary, showing that in contrast to the unweighted case ( ψ ≡ 1 ), every automorphism of U induces a unitary weighted composition operator. A conjugation argument, using these unitary operators, allows us to describe all normal weighted composition operators on H 2 ( U ) for which the inducing map φ fixes a point in U . This description shows both ψ and φ must be linear fractional in order for W ψ , φ to be normal (assuming φ fixes a point in U ). In general, we show that if W ψ , φ is normal on H 2 ( U ) and ψ ≢ 0 , then φ must be either univalent on U or constant. Descriptions of spectra are provided for the operator W ψ , φ : H 2 ( U ) → H 2 ( U ) when it is unitary or when it is normal and φ fixes a point in U .
Moderating Effects of Gender and Life Cycle in the Relationship between Desired Self-Image and Sport Participation Behavior: A Multi-Group Analysis

ABSTRACTThis study examined the moderating effects of gender and life cycle characteristics in the relationship between desired self-image and sport participation behavior. Multigroup comparisons r...
A gene expression biomarker identifies factors that modulate sterol regulatory element binding protein

Abstract Lipid levels are regulated in mammals by sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs). To identify chemicals that might cause steatosis through SREBP, a mouse gene expression biomarker was characterized that can predict modulation of SREBP family members. Using microarray comparisons, genes were identified that were commonly regulated by constitutively-active SREBP family members and required SREBP cleavage-activating protein. Pair-wise correlations between the biomarker and microarray profiles were measured using the Running Fisher algorithm; the test achieved a balanced accuracy of 95% and 94% for prediction of SREBP activation or suppression, respectively. Our approach uncovered a number of previously unrecognized features of SREBP regulation in a mouse liver gene expression compendium of ∼2600 microarray comparisons. SREBP modulation is 1) a relatively common phenomenon, with 10% and 12% of all comparisons exhibiting activation or suppression, respectively; 2) often modulated by diets and chemicals; 3) linked to steatosis induced by perfluoroalkyl acids; and 4) in most cases (77%) leads to coordinated increases or decreases in lipogenic and cholesterogenic genes. Conditions were identified in which regulation was uncoupled. Together, these findings identify chemicals that perturb SREBP activation and demonstrate a diversity of coupling levels among lipogenic and cholesterogenic genes across experimental conditions.
Emerging connections between cerebellar development, behaviour and complex brain disorders.

The human cerebellum has a protracted developmental timeline compared with the neocortex, expanding the window of vulnerability to neurological disorders. As the cerebellum is critical for motor behaviour, it is not surprising that most neurodevelopmental disorders share motor deficits as a common sequela. However, evidence gathered since the late 1980s suggests that the cerebellum is involved in motor and non-motor function, including cognition and emotion. More recently, evidence indicates that major neurodevelopmental disorders such as intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and Down syndrome have potential links to abnormal cerebellar development. Out of recent findings from clinical and preclinical studies, the concept of the ‘cerebellar connectome’ has emerged that can be used as a framework to link the role of cerebellar development to human behaviour, disease states and the design of better therapeutic strategies. Recent studies indicate that cerebellar dysfunction contributes to the aetiology of many neurodevelopmental disorders. In this review, Gallo and colleagues cover recent discoveries in basic cerebellar research, linking them to human imaging and preclinical work on complex brain disorders with motor and non-motor deficits.
Data Transfer between Scientific Facilities – Bottleneck Analysis, Insights and Optimizations

Wide area file transfers play an important role in many science applications. File transfer tools typically deliver the highest performance for datasets with a small number of large files, but many science datasets consist of many small files. Thus it is important to understand the factors that contribute to the decrease in wide area data transfer performance for datasets with many small files. To this end, we (i) benchmark the performance of subsystems involved in end-to-end file transfer between two HPC facilities for a many-file dataset that is representative of production science transfers; (ii) characterize the per-file overhead introduced by different subsystems; (iii) identify potential dependencies and bottlenecks; (iv) study the effectiveness of transferring many files concurrently as a means of reducing per-file overheads; and (v) prototype a prefetching mechanism as an alternative of concurrency to reduce the per-file overhead on source storage system. We show that both concurrency and prefetching can help reduce the per-file overhead significantly. A reasonable level of concurrency combined with prefetching can bring the per-file overhead down to a negligible level.
Estudios sobre la felicidad: Alfredo Jaar y el estremecimiento del goce

Este articulo aborda Estudios sobre la felicidad (1979-1981), de Alfredo Jaar, mediante una discusion interdisciplinaria que cruza los analisis estetico, historico, filosofico, politico y psicoanalitico. Estudios y su pregunta buscaron intervenir en la dictadura, pero tambien se desbordan en la sociedad democratica y neoliberal como un cuestionamiento a la subjetividad politica y a la hegemonia. Este trabajo analiza la (cuasi) invisibilidad durante la dictadura y la posterior “visibilidad” que "enmarcan” esta obra. La obra de Jaar se des-obra en su desistencia y abre, tal vez, un espacio infrapolitico donde el goce estremece a lo politico.
Experimental demonstration of valley-Hall topological photonic crystal at telecommunication wavelengths

We design and experimentally demonstrate silicon-based topological valley-Hall photonic crystals, that are compatible with current semiconductor technologies and operate at near-infrared frequencies. Robust and reflection-less light propagation around sharp turns is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally. This work is an important step towards integrated topological photonics.
Modal interpretation of tense in subjunctive conditionals

The paper gives an account of the meaning of subjunctive conditionals according to which the past tense receives a modal interpretation. The view allows the worlds of the antecedent to include the world of the context of utterance, and thus it avoids a problem pointed out by Mackay (2015) for previous modal views of the past tense in subjunctive conditionals. I argue that it also explains a variety of facts about the relationship among subjunctive morphology, counterfactuality, and presupposition. EARLY ACCESS
Dosimetric characterization of a novel 90Y source for use in the conformal superficial brachytherapy device.

Abstract Purpose To characterize the dose distribution in water of a novel beta-emitting brachytherapy source for use in a Conformal Superficial Brachytherapy (CSBT) device. Methods and materials Yttrium-90 (90Y) sources were designed for use with a uniquely designed CSBT device. Depth dose and planar dose measurements were performed for bare sources and sources housed within a 3D printed source holder. Monte Carlo simulated dose rate distributions were compared to film-based measurements. Gamma analysis was performed to compare simulated and measured dose rates from seven 90Y sources placed simultaneously using the CSBT device. Results The film-based maximum measured surface dose rate for a bare source in contact with the surface was 3.35 × 10–7 cGy s−1 Bq−1. When placed in the source holder, the maximum measured dose rate was 1.41 × 10–7 cGy s−1 Bq−1. The Monte Carlo simulated depth dose rates were within 10% or 0.02 cm of the measured dose rates for each depth of measurement. The maximum film surface dose rate measured using a seven-source configuration within the CSBT device was 1.78 × 10−7 cGy s−1 Bq−1. Measured and simulated dose rate distribution of the seven-source configuration were compared by gamma analysis and yielded a passing rate of 94.08%. The gamma criteria were 3% for dose-difference and 0.07056 cm for distance-to-agreement. The estimated measured dose rate uncertainty was 5.34%. Conclusions 90Y is a unique source that can be optimally designed for a customized CSBT device. The rapid dose falloff provided a high dose gradient, ideal for treatment of superficial lesions. The dose rate uncertainty of the 90Y-based CSBT device was within acceptable brachytherapy standards and warrants further investigation.
Cathodic Polarization Behavior of Steel with Different Marine Fouling Morphologies on Submerged Bridge Elements with Cathodic Protection

AbstractSevere localized corrosion of submerged steel bridge piles in Florida was associated with fouling and microbial-influenced-corrosion (MIC). The research in this study evaluated the efficacy...
The Impact of Fraternity and Sorority Participation on NAE’s Engineer of 2020 Outcomes for Civil Engineering Undergraduates

The rapid pace of technology and innovation in the world has required continuous improvements in the preparation of civil engineers. In 2004, the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) identified ten essential attributes as critical to the future success and relevance of the engineering profession. This paper examines how civil engineering undergraduates’ achievement of eight of the NAE’s ten Engineer of 2020 (E2020) attributes is impacted by participating in different types of activities outside the classroom. Responses from a survey of 284 civil engineering undergraduates across 23 U.S. institutions were analyzed to explore the link between reported out-of-class activities and perceived outcomes. The overall results indicated that civil engineering undergraduates identified fraternity and sorority membership as a major influencer. This paper provides civil engineering educators and students a broad view of potential student outcomes from activities beyond the in-class curriculum.
Abstract TP21: Safety of Cangrelor in Emergency Endovascular Stroke Recanalization, a Single Center Experience

Introduction: Optimal antiplatelet regimen post-emergent stenting in acute stroke remains challenging among patients at high-risk for thrombosis and/or hemorrhage, especially after tPA. We describe...
Copernicus: Characterizing the Performance Implications of Compression Formats Used in Sparse Workloads.

Sparse matrices are the key ingredients of several application domains, from scientific computation to machine learning. The primary challenge with sparse matrices has been efficiently storing and transferring data, for which many sparse formats have been proposed to significantly eliminate zero entries. Such formats, essentially designed to optimize memory footprint, may not be as successful in performing faster processing. In other words, although they allow faster data transfer and improve memory bandwidth utilization -- the classic challenge of sparse problems -- their decompression mechanism can potentially create a computation bottleneck. Not only is this challenge not resolved, but also it becomes more serious with the advent of domain-specific architectures (DSAs), as they intend to more aggressively improve performance. The performance implications of using various formats along with DSAs, however, has not been extensively studied by prior work. To fill this gap of knowledge, we characterize the impact of using seven frequently used sparse formats on performance, based on a DSA for sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV), implemented on an FPGA using high-level synthesis (HLS) tools, a growing and popular method for developing DSAs. Seeking a fair comparison, we tailor and optimize the HLS implementation of decompression for each format. We thoroughly explore diverse metrics, including decompression overhead, latency, balance ratio, throughput, memory bandwidth utilization, resource utilization, and power consumption, on a variety of real-world and synthetic sparse workloads.