cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background Knowledge regarding the inpatient burden of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is limited. Objective To provide nationally representative estimates for hospitalization characteristics due to cSCC and determine predictors for increased length of stay (LOS) and cost of care. Methods/materials A retrospective cohort study of the 2009 to 2015 National Inpatient Sample. Weighted multivariate logistic/linear regression models were created to evaluate sociodemographic factors associated with cSCC hospitalization and to assess characteristics associated with cost of care and LOS. Results This study included 15,784 cSCC and 255,244,626 non-SCC inpatients (prevalence = 6.2/100,000 inpatients). On average, cSCC hospitalizations lasted 5.8 days and cost $66,841.00. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma most often occurred on the scalp (30.57%), face (21.08%), and lower limb (11.93%). Controlling for all other factors, cSCC inpatients presented to larger/urban/teaching hospitals and were most often older non-Hispanic white women. More chronic conditions/diagnoses/procedures and nonwhite race were associated with greater cost of care and LOS. Cost of care and LOS significantly differed between cSCCs of different anatomical sites. The most common procedures performed were skin grafts (27.96%), excisions (25.83%), and lymph node biopsies (11.39%). Conclusion This study highlights the substantial burden of inpatient cSCC in the United States. Further research is necessary to prevent cSCC hospitalizations and improve inpatient dermatologic care for cSCC.
Advocacy for Equity: Extending Culturally Relevant Pedagogy in Predominantly White Suburban Schools

Background/ContextThis article describes Black educators in predominantly White suburban schools who have used advocacy through the lens of culturally relevant pedagogy and serve as Educational Cul...
Chapter 48 – Investment Dynamics and Long Term Price Trends in Competitive Electricity Markets

Publisher Summary This chapter analyses long-term price trends in deregulated electricity markets. A price model using explicit supply and demand states is introduced. A stochastic model for demand growth drives future uncertainty, and investors respond by adding new capacity based on price feedback. The effects on price dynamics of delays in the supply response, through information lag or construction time, are illustrated through simulations. Special emphasis is placed on the dynamic properties of the investment process. It is shown that delays caused by backward looking investment, as well as the licensing and construction time of the asset, lead to periods of over and under investment. This in turn leads to cyclical long-term price behavior, driven by a stochastic growth in demand, which does not settle to an equilibrium level. The structure of the problem indicates that the presence of liquid futures markets could reduce the information delay and help stabilize the system. The model is extended to account for the physical reliability problem resulting from a lack of generation capacity. It is shown how inappropriate intervention by regulators, with the use of price caps, can result in a critical decrease in the markets' reserve margin.
Partner choice in human evolution: The role of cooperation, foraging ability, and culture in Hadza campmate preferences

Abstract The ability to choose the partners we interact with is thought to have been an important driver in the evolution of human social behavior, and in particular, our propensity to cooperate. Studies showing that humans prefer to interact with cooperative others is often cited as support for partner choice driving the evolution of cooperation. However, these studies are largely drawn from Western samples, where conditions for partner choice to operate may be especially favorable. Here, we investigate qualities associated with being a preferred partner (i.e., campmate) in Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania in 2016 and 2019. A total of 156 Hadza participants from 17 camps ranked their campmates on generosity, foraging ability, and their preference for them as future campmates. In 2016, Hadza preferred more generous people and better hunters as campmates, with evidence suggesting a stronger preference for better hunters; however, the relationship between generosity and being a preferred campmate was greater in 2019 than in 2016, such that the preference for generous people was stronger than the preference for better foragers, suggesting that campmate preferences are changing. These new findings contrast with reports on data from nearly a decade ago, suggesting that the Hadza do not prefer more cooperative campmates. Further, in 2019, there was anecdotal evidence that Hadza with greater exposure to outside cultural institutions (e.g., schooling, having a job, or living in a village) had a stronger preference for generous campmates than those with less exposure. Taken together, the results suggest that preferences for social partners may, in part, be culturally shaped.
Efficacy and tolerability of nortriptyline in the management of neuropathic corneal pain.

Abstract Purpose Neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) is a recently acknowledged disease entity. However, there is no consensus in potential treatment strategies, particularly in patients with a centralized component of pain. This study aims to assess the efficacy and tolerability of the tricyclic antidepressant, nortriptyline, among NCP patients. Methods Patients with clinically diagnosed NCP and a centralized component of pain, treated with oral nortriptyline, who had recorded pain scores as assessed by the ocular pain assessment survey at the first and last visit were included. Patients were excluded if they had any other ocular pathology that might result in pain or had less than 4 weeks of nortriptyline use. Demographics, time between visits, concomitant medications, systemic and ocular co-morbidities, duration of NCP, side effects, ocular pain scores, and quality of life (QoL) assessment were recorded. Results Thirty patients with a mean age of 53.1 ± 18.5 were included. Male to female ratio was 8:22. Mean ocular pain in the past 24 h improved from 5.7 ± 2.1 to 3.6 ± 2.1 after 10.5 ± 9.1 months (p Conclusion Nortriptyline was effective in relieving NCP symptoms in patients with centralized component and insufficient response to other systemic and topical therapies who tolerated the drug for at least 4 weeks. Nortriptyline may be used in the management of patients with NCP.
Supporting Diverse Learners: Insights to Keep in MIND from the Field of Developmental Education

This forum piece discusses the relevance of insights from the field of developmental education in terms of the disruption of face-to-face learning and the important implications on the notions of c...
Non-pharmacological anxiety reduction with immersive virtual reality for first-trimester dilation and curettage: a pilot study

Most women experience moderate to severe pain during first-trimester surgical termination of pregnancy despite the application of various analgesic techniques. Studies have shown that virtual reali...
PROJETOS DE INCENTIVO Á ADOÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES EM PROCESSO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO

A adocao e um ato que concede a um individuo um novo lar, no qual sera providode suas necessidades basicas e direitos garantidos, alem de um ambiente familiar comamor e carinho. Nosso trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a burocracia, divulgarprojetos, dar ideias de incentivo a adocao e formas de auxiliar as criancas nesseprocesso. Embasando-se em sites e documentos oficiais publicados, nossa pesquisatornou clara a contribuicao da adocao para a melhoria sociedade. Os projetos daoenfase ao assunto e aos poucos mudam o pensamento de uma sociedade.
Post-Heart Transplant Outcomes in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) before and after the 2018 UNOS Heart Allocation Policy Change

Purpose Patients with end-stage HCM, the most common genetic cardiovascular condition, often require heart transplant (HT) but there is limited data assessing outcomes. We sought to assess the effect of the 2018 UNOS Heart Allocation policy changes on patients with HCM which increased prioritization for this population. Methods 128 patients with HCM received HT in the year before and after the UNOS policy changes. Pre- (n=65) and post-policy (n=63) cohorts were identified using the UNOS registry. Baseline characteristics were compared using standard statistical analysis. 30- and 180-day outcomes were evaluated using Kaplan Meier survival analysis as well as univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results Baseline characteristics were similar for both groups, but differed in median [IQR] distance (nm) from donor and treatment center (pre: 91 [17, 253]; post: 245 [100.5, 393]; p=0.002) and median PA pressure (mm/Hg) at registration (pre: 38 [30, 49.2]; post: 45 [31, 58], p=0.036). Donor characteristics differed in mean BMI (pre: 26.1 (SD 7.2); post: 28.9 [SD 7.2]). Pre- and post-policy 30-day survival was 100% (CI 100%, 100%) and 95% (CI 90%, 100%) respectively. Pre- and post- 180-day survival was 94% (CI 88%, 100%) and 90% (CI 83%, 98%). Cox univariate hazard ratio (HR) following the UNOS change was 1.62 (CI 0.46, 5.73, p=0.5). Multivariate Cox proportional HR adjusted for recipient age, donor age, serum creatinine, total bilirubin, ischemic time, pre-transplant dialysis, ventilator and ECMO status was 1.54 (CI 0.39, 6.09, p=0.5). Conclusion UNOS policy changes did not adversely affect survival at 30 and 180 days for patients with HCM receiving HT. Additional research is needed to evaluate the effects these policy changes have on patients with HCM.
Multivariate statistics for summarizing diesel feeds for flammability attributes using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.

Comprehensive two dimensional GC has been utilized for analyzing complex mixtures of hydrocarbons of diesel feeds. Here, we evaluated 19 diesel feeds for their Paraffinic, Naphthenic and Aromatic group compositions dictating their flammability properties. Compositional ranges of feeds were as follows; Paraffins: 9.6-57.8%, Naphthenes: 7.9 - 38.5% & Aromatics: 10.5 - 82.3%. Diesel's flammability performance is estimated by thermodynamic conditions and rates of radical formation of hydrocarbon type in actual engine condition, limiting Cetane Number. However, limitations are overcome by understanding the relative compositional variations of feeds by simple ranking of feeds based on C15-16 compositions. Due to multidimensional variability of feeds, a principal component analysis was adopted later for its distinguishing capability. Paraffinic, Naphthenic and Aromatic group's principal component analysis clustered up feeds based on the higher concentration of individual hydrocarbon group. We explored Hierarchical cluster analysis to organize feeds into classes of mixed C9 to C26 paraffin's composition in the diesel range. Further, for discriminating C15-C16 enriched and depleted feeds in total paraffins composition, a row dendrogram with heat map was drawn. Above multivariate methods have led to a fair distinction of non-additive feed compositions influencing flammability properties by radical formation rate. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The obesity wars and the education of a researcher: A personal account.

A naive researcher published a scientific article in a respectable journal. She thought her article was straightforward and defensible. It used only publicly available data, and her findings were consistent with much of the literature on the topic. Her coauthors included two distinguished statisticians. To her surprise her publication was met with unusual attacks from some unexpected sources within the research community. These attacks were by and large not pursued through normal channels of scientific discussion. Her research became the target of an aggressive campaign that included insults, errors, misinformation, social media posts, behind-the-scenes gossip and maneuvers, and complaints to her employer. The goal appeared to be to undermine and discredit her work. The controversy was something deliberately manufactured, and the attacks primarily consisted of repeated assertions of preconceived opinions. She learned first-hand the antagonism that could be provoked by inconvenient scientific findings. Guidelines and recommendations should be based on objective and unbiased data. Development of public health policy and clinical recommendations is complex and needs to be evidence-based rather than belief-based. This can be challenging when a hot-button topic is involved.
Digital Editions as Distant Supervision for Layout Analysis of Printed Books

Archivists, textual scholars, and historians often produce digital editions of historical documents. Using markup schemes such as those of the Text Encoding Initiative and EpiDoc, these digital editions often record documents’ semantic regions (such as notes and figures) and physical features (such as page and line breaks) as well as transcribing their textual content. We describe methods for exploiting this semantic markup as distant supervision for training and evaluating layout analysis models. In experiments with several model architectures on the half-million pages of the Deutsches Textarchiv (DTA), we find a high correlation of these region-level evaluation methods with pixel-level and word-level metrics. We discuss the possibilities for improving accuracy with self-training and the ability of models trained on the DTA to generalize to other historical printed books.
A framework for semi-automatically identifying fully occluded objects in 3D models: Towards comprehensive construction design review in virtual reality

Abstract Virtual Reality (VR)-based construction design review applications have shown potential to enhance user performance in many research projects and experiments. Currently, visualizing occluded objects in VR is a challenge, and this function is indispensable for construction design review and coordination. This paper proposes an occlusion detection framework that semi-automatically identifies occluded objects in 3D construction models. The framework determines the visibility status of an object by converting the object to a point cloud and comparing the point cloud to the virtual laser scanning result of the original model. It exports models that are interoperable with VR development software so that visualization effects can be easily employed to occluded objects. The authors validated the framework using two building information models. The algorithm achieved a recall rate of 90.30% and a precision rate of 75.05% in a gasoline refinery facility model. It reached a higher 98.06% recall rate and a 97.53% precision rate in an academic building model. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by proposing a semi-automatic occlusion detection framework and validating that point cloud-based algorithms are appropriate for this classification task.
Relationship Dynamics Associated With Dating Violence Among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Feminist Post-Structural Analysis:

We focus on the character of adolescent and young adult relationships, and argue that attention to interpersonal features of intimate partner violence (IPV) is necessary for a comprehensive view of this form of violence. Drawing on ideas from feminist post-structural perspectives, we highlight studies that develop a somewhat non-traditional but nevertheless gendered portrait of relationships as a backdrop for exploring dyadic processes associated with IPV. Findings are based on quantitative and qualitative analyses from a longitudinal study of a large, diverse sample of young women and men interviewed first during adolescence, and five additional times across the transition to adulthood.
Property Rights within Government and Devices to Increase Government Efficiency

This paper demonstrates that bureaucratic decision-making is a more complex process than the literature that focuses narrowly on the lack of appropriability of gains and losses from efficient decision-making implies. The paper delineates some of the other types of constraints under which the governmental decision maker operates. These factors lead to the conclusion that there are many devices (like the volunteer army) that can move decision makers toward significantly more efficient decisions without the presence of appropriability (narrowly defined).
MIAOW - An open source RTL implementation of a GPGPU

Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) based general purpose computing is developing as a viable alternative to CPU based computing in many domains. In this paper, we introduce MIAOW (Many-core Integrated Accelerator Of Wisconsin), an open source RTL implementation of the AMD Southern Islands GPGPU ISA, capable of running unmodified OpenCL-based applications. We present our design motivated by our goals to create a realistic, flexible, OpenCL compatible GPGPU, capable of emulating a full system. We demonstrate that MIAOW enables disruptive and transformative research and has the potential to bring all of the benefits of open source development to GPUs in real products in the long term.
Evaluation of 2'-modified oligonucleotides containing 2'-deoxy gaps as antisense inhibitors of gene expression

We have used a previously described 17-mer phosphorothioate (Monia, B.P., Johnston, J.F., Ecker, D. J., Zounes, M.A., Lima, W.F., and Freier, S.M. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 19954-19962) for structure-function analysis of 2'-sugar modifications including 2'-O-methyl, 2'-O-propyl, 2'-O-pentyl, and 2'-fluoro. These modifications were analyzed for hybridization affinity to complementary RNA and for antisense activity against the Ha-ras oncogene in cells using a highly sensitive transactivation reporter gene system. Hybridization analysis demonstrated that all of the 2'-modified oligonucleotides hybridized with greater affinity to RNA than an unmodified 2'-deoxy oligonucleotide with the rank order of affinity being 2'-fluoro > 2'-O-methyl > 2'-O-propyl > 2'-O-pentyl > 2'-deoxy. Evaluation of antisense activities of uniformly 2'-modified oligonucleotides revealed that these compounds were completely ineffective in inhibiting Ha-ras gene expression. Activity was restored if the compound contained a stretch of at least five 2'-deoxy residues. This minimum deoxy length correlated perfectly with the minimum length required for efficient RNase H activation in vitro using partially purified mammalian RNase H enzyme. These chimeric 2'-modified/deoxy phosphorothioates displayed greater antisense potencies in inhibiting Ha-ras gene expression, compared with the unmodified uniform deoxy phosphorothioate. Furthermore, antisense potency correlated directly with affinity of a given 2' modification for it's complementary RNA. These results demonstrate the importance of target affinity in the action of antisense oligonucleotides and of RNase H as a mechanism by which these compounds exert their effects.
Gated cardiac blood pool imaging and thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy for detection of remote myocardial infarction.

Abstract The primary goal of this study was to assess the frequency of persistent regional wall motion abnormalities and myocardial perfusion defects detectable late after myocardial infarction with radionuclide ventriculography and thallium-201 imaging, respectively. The study was performed prospectively in 32 patients in whom infarct size was estimated enzymatically at the time of the acute episode and in 10 patients without infarction. Thallium-201 imaging and radionuclide ventriculography were performed with the patient at rest an average of 11 months after infarction (range 6 to 20 months) and analyzed independently by two observers who were unaware of results of other clinical and laboratory data. Perfusion defects were detected in 94 percent (30 of 32) by observer I and in 91 percent (29 of 32) by observer II. Wall motion abnormalities were detected in 78 percent (25 of 32) and 75 percent (24 of 32) by observers I and II, respectively, but in 10 of the patients with an infarct size less than 20 creatine kinase-gram-equivalents (CK-g-eq), wall motion abnormalities were found in only 50 and 40 percent, respectively, by these observers (p
DMS-Dynamic motion simulator

Abstract DMS is a graphics program that displays the output of multibody systems programs like DYNACOMBS 1 . The menu driven program supports a full range of display options to aid the user in the visualization of his or her output. A small CORE compatible graphics package is included to produce graphical output on Tektronic 4010 terminals or emulators.
A COMPACT POROUS-METAL DENUDER FOR ATMOSPHERIC SAMPLING OF INORGANIC AEROSOLS

Abstract A novel approach has been undertaken to develop a high efficiency compact diffusion denuder utilizing a porous metal disc. The performance of a porous metal disc used as a compact diffusion denuder has been experimentally and theoretically evaluated. The porous media is made of 100 μm grade sintered stainless-steel. The disc is 4.7 cm in diameter and 0.23 cm in thickness. Experiments showed that it has high gas collection efficiency and low particle loss at 10 liter per minute (1 min −1 ). Using 1% sodium carbonate/glycerin coating, the collection efficiencies for the sulfur dioxide and the nitric acid gas are 99.6 ± 0.4% and 93.4 ± 2.5%, respectively. Comparisons to an annular denuder sampling simultaneously are found to be 106.3 ± 6.0% and 95.5 ± 15.8% for sulfur dioxide and nitric acid gas, respectively. The averaged loss for monodisperse aerosols in the particle size range of 0.015–2.5 μm in diameter is under 10%, with loss of less than 3% in the important size range of 0.1–2.5 μm. The sampling capacity of the denuder for 25 ppb sulfur dioxide at 101 min −1 is over 100 h. Membrane filtration theory was used to model the gas collection efficiency and particle losses. The result indicates that the porous metal used as a denuder is very efficient in collecting gas. Also, the small size of the denuder makes it possible to design a very compact atmospheric and/or indoor denuder sampling system.
Vaginoplasty using the inner surface or mucosa of the prepuce in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Abstract Objective To describe and present the results of the use of the inner surface or mucosa of the prepuce in vaginoplasty for ambiguous genitalia. Patients and Methods This technique can be used alone in low vaginal insertion or associated with a total urogenital mobilization in cases of high vagina. During the past 7 years, we have performed 18 vaginoplasties using the described technique in 46, XX DSD (female pseudohermaphroditism). All patients had 21-hydroxylase deficiency; four had the simple virilizing form and 14 had additional salt loss. The age of the patients at surgery varied from 4 to 28 months (average 11.2). Results The final cosmetic results were considered good by the parents and surgeon for the majority of our patients, and satisfactory in three cases. Clinical examination revealed stenosis of vaginal introitus in only one patient (which responded very well to one dilatation) and one urethra-vaginal fistula. Conclusion This technique of vaginoplasty, simple in its realization and answering the purpose of treatment with few complications, can be used in the feminizing genitoplasty of young children with 46,XX DSD, ovotesticular DSD (true hermaphroditism), mixed gonadal dysgenesis and dysgenetic male pseudohermaphroditism.
Modulation of adenylate cyclase activity in liver and fat cell membranes by insulin.

Insulin depresses both the activity of adenylate cyclase stimulated by glucagon, epinephrine, and sodium fluoride in liver cell membranes and the activity of adenylate cyclase stimulated by epinephrine and adrenocorticotropin in particulate preparations from homogenates of isolated fat cells. Significant inhibition is detected with very low concentrations (10 -11 molar) of insulin but not with unphysiologically high (10 -9 molar) concentrations of the hormone. These direct effects of insulin on an enzymatic system in broken-cell -preparations suggest a fundamental role of adenylate cyclase activity and of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the mechanism of action of insulin.
Pancreas cancer resection outcome in American university centers in 1989–1990

Background. Series of patients with pancreas cancer from single high-volume institutions or surgeons have demonstrated improvements in morbidity and mortality of pancreatic resection in recent decades. The experience of these single institutions or surgeons may not, however, reflect the results achieved by a cross-section of surgeons or hospitals. This article examines the resection outcome for a large unselected group of university hospitals and surgeons. Methods. Pancreas cancer resection morbidity and mortality were examined using a multiinstitution data base of discharge coding data from 26 American university hospitals. The data were analyzed for relationships of morbidity and mortality with the type of resection, patient age, hospital volume, and individual surgeon case load. Results. Two hundred twenty-three resections were performed in 1989–1990 (pancreaticoduodenectomy, 168 patients; total pancreatectomy, 11; distal pancreatectomy, 30; and islet tumor resection, 14). The mortality rate was 6% (13 of 223) with major complications in 21%. Patient age did not correlate with complications or death. The surgeon case load ranged from 1–15 cases (median, 1) over the 2-year period. The mortality rate did not correlate with the case load. Surgeons performing one to three resections had significantly more complications than those performing four or more resections (P = 0.011) Conclusions. Pancreas resection is performed by an unselected cross-section of surgeons in American university centers with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates.
Establishing, maintaining, and evaluating an interviewer training program

This article summarizes the author’s impressions on how to train employment interviewers. The research literature is summarized. The linkages between performance evaluation and selection interviewing are specified. Employment interviews can become more reliable and possibly even valid if the interviewers receive training in question asking, listening, decision making, and rating.
Trypanosomatid Aquaporins: Roles in Physiology and Drug Response

In the class Kinetoplastida, we find an order of parasitic protozoans classified as Trypanosomatids. Three major pathogens form part of this order, Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, and Leishmania, which are responsible for disease and fatalities in millions of humans worldwide, especially in non-industrialized countries in tropical and sub-tropical regions. In order to develop new drugs and treatments, the physiology of these pathogenic protozoans has been studied in detail, specifically the significance of membrane transporters in host parasites interactions. Aquaporins and Aquaglyceroporins (AQPs) are a part of the major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) super-family. AQPs are characterized for their ability to facilitate the diffusion of water (aquaporin), glycerol (aquaglyceroporin), and other small-uncharged solutes. Furthermore, AQPs have been shown to allow the ubiquitous passage of some metalloids, such as trivalent arsenic and antimony. These trivalent metalloids are the active ingredient of a number of chemotherapeutic agents used against certain cancers and protozoan parasitic infections. Recently, the importance of the AQPs not only in osmotic adaptations but also as a factor in drug resistance of the trypanosomatid parasites has been reported. In this review, we will describe the physiological functions of aquaporins and their effect in drug response across the different trypanosomatids.
DARPP-32 mediates the actions of multiple drugs of abuse.

Drugs of abuse share the ability to enhance dopaminergic neurotransmission in the dorsal and ventral striatum. The action of dopamine is modulated by additional neurotransmitters, including glutamate, serotonin and adenosine. All these neurotransmitters regulate the phosphorylation state of Dopaminal serine/threonine protein phosphatase, PP-1. Phosphorylatine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32 kDa (DARPP-32). Phosphorylation at Thr34 by protein kinase A converts DARPP-32 into a potent inhibitor of the multifunctioon at Thr75 by Cdk5 converts DARPP-32 into an inhibitor of protein kinase A. The state of phosphorylation of DARPP-32 at Thr34 also depends on the phosphorylation state of Ser97 and Ser130, which are phosphorylated by CK2 and CK1, respectively. By virtue of regulation of these 4 phosphorylation sites, and through its ability to modulate the activity of PP-1 and protein kinase A, DARPP-32 plays a key role in integrating a variety of biochemical, electrophysiological, and behavioral responses controlled by dopamine and other neurotransmitters. Importantly, there is now alarge body of evidence that supports a key role for DARPP-32-dependent signaling in mediating the actions of multiple drugs of abuse including cocaine, amphetamine, nicotine, caffeine, LSD, PCP, ethanol and morphine.
Evolution of a T wave.

55-year-old woman presented to the emergency departent with a chief complaint of chest pain. Her discomfort ad started earlier in the morning and soon became more ntense and unrelenting. She had a history of hypertension, ight hemispheric stroke, and hyperlipidemia. An initial electrocardiogram (ECG) showed the classic igns of an acute anterior wall myocardial infarction (Figure ). There is ST segment elevation throughout the precordial eads, reaching a maximum height of about 9 mm in lead 4. The T waves are upright in leads V1 through V4. Q aves in the inferior limb leads (II, III, AVF) suggest an old nferior wall infarction. Left ventricular hypertrophy is resent with increased voltage in AVL (17mm). ST-segent depression with asymmetrically inverted T waves in eads I and AVL imply a strain pattern due to hypertrophy, ut this had already been documented on a prior baseline CG. Left atrial enlargement is also indicated by a broad P ave with a wide negative deflection in V1. The patient was promptly brought to the cardiac catheerization laboratory where a total acute occlusion of the left nterior descending artery was discovered and then opened y balloon angioplasty. Of note, the right coronary artery ad the appearance of a chronic total occlusion filling from ell-developed collateral circulation from the left coronary rtery. The peak troponin level was 47.6 ng/mL. The next orning, the ECG in Figure 2 was obtained. What is hapening here?
High-severity wildfire effects on carbon stocks and emissions in fuels treated and untreated forest

Forests contain the world's largest terrestrial carbonstocks, but in seasonally dry environments stock stability can be compromised if burned by wildfire, emitting carbon back to the atmosphere. Treatments to reduce wildfireseverity can reduce emissions, but with an immediate cost of reducing carbonstocks. In this study we examine the tradeoffs in carbonstock reduction and wildfireemissions in 19 fuels-treated and -untreatedforests burned in twelve wildfires. The fuels treatment, a commonly used thinning ‘from below’ and removal of activity fuels, removed an average of 50.3 Mg C ha-1 or 34% of live tree carbonstocks. Wildfireemissions averaged 29.7 and 67.8 Mg C ha-1 in fuelstreated and untreatedforests, respectively. The total carbon (fuels treatment plus wildfireemission) removed from treated sites was 119% of the carbon emitted from the untreated/burned sites. However, with only 3% tree survival following wildfire, untreatedforests averaged only 7.8 Mg C ha-1 in live trees with an average quadratic mean tree diameter of 21 cm. In contrast, treatedforest averaged 100.5 Mg C ha-1 with a live tree quadratic mean diameter of 44 cm. In untreatedforests 70% of the remaining total ecosystem carbon shifted to decomposing stocks after the wildfire, compared to 19% in the fuels-treatedforest. In wildfire burned forest, fuels treatments have a higher immediate carbon ‘cost’, but in the long-term may benefit from lower decomposition emissions and highercarbon storage.
Molecular alterations of human fibrinogen by ultrasonic frequencies

Placee 2 min sous l'influence de la vibration ultrasonique, la fibrinogene humaine se transforme en une proteine qui ne se fige pas et fonctionne done comme un anticoagulant. Les proprietes physico-chimiques de la proteine, apres action ultrasonique, ressemblent fortement aux proprietes originales de la fibrinogene humaine en voie de sedimentation; mouvement electrophoretique et adsorption sur la cellulose DEAE.
High School Athletics

(1986). High School Athletics. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance: Vol. 57, No. 2, pp. 61-68.
Systemic right ventricle: possible cause of ventricular dysfunction?

T investigators from the Adult Congenital Heart Program at the Royal Brompton Hospital in London have presented a brief report regarding the relation between right ventricular hypertrophy and systemic ventricular function in adults who have had atrial repair of transposition of the great arteries. Although the numbers are relatively small and there is some overlap in the data as presented, the hypothesis does seem reasonable. When these data are coupled with the information regarding myocardial perfusion abnormalities in patients after atrial repair of transposition (see references 7 and 8 in Hornung et al’s study), the possibility of excessive hypertrophy being associated with inadequate coronary flow reserve is an intriguing explanation for the ventricular dysfunction that occurs in many adult patients with a systemic right ventricle. The short-term implications would suggest that therapy to limit afterload, thus minimizing myocardial oxygen demands becomes more important. In terms of the long-term implications, the advances in specific-targeted molecular therapy to enhance vascular beds, and in particular coronary flow reserve, raises exciting possibilities for this group of patients as well as others with systemic right ventricles.
Acceptance of high concentration saccharin solutions by cats after hypothalamic lesions.

Abstract Twenty cats with monopolar electrodes implanted bilaterally in the posterior, lateral or rostral hypothamus were deprived of water and trained to press a lever to obtain distilled water or to press another lever to obtain saccharin solution. It was found that the cats initially preferred saccharin solution over distilled water, but when concentration of saccharin in solution was higher than 2.0–3.0% most animals refused to accept it and drank only distilled water. Bilateral hypothalamic lesions made through the implanted electrodes resulted in acceptance of saccharin solutions of high concentrations (5–7%), although a considerable decrease in the intake of both distilled water and saccharin solution was observed during several weeks after lesions. The strongest effect was found in those cases in which lesions involved medial forebrain bundle, zona incerta, and fields of Forel.
Some properties of androgen-binding activity in rat testis.

Some properties of androgen-binding activity in rat testis are discussed. High-affinity androgen-binding activity in rat testis was shown to have a rapid dissociation rate constant using dextran-coated charcoal to separate bound from free hormone. Therefore exchange of endogenous and labeled hormone was complete in the assay incubation time (16 hours 0 degree c) and Scatchard plots of the high-affinity binding data were shown to measure total as contrasted to available sites. Binding was highly specific for androgens. High-affinity androgen-binding protein was separated from albumin by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The charcoal technique using tritiated testosterone agreed reasonably well with binding site estimates under saturating conditions or by Scatchard analysis of electrophoresis data utilizing tritiated dihydrotestosterone.
Chaos theory suggests a new paradigm for nursing science

The traditional approach to science is an empirical or cause-and-effect one, where answers to research questions come about deductively. Nursing has followed this path in its attempt to establish a knowledge base. Difficulty occurs when nurses attempt to develop strategies to solve nursing problems involving human systems using this reductionistic approach. Human systems are complex, dynamic and individual. Traditional scientific models often fall short of providing adequate frameworks for describing, explaining and predicting the behaviour of these complex systems. Many scientific communities have been searching for a flexible more three-dimensional model to describe non-traditional system behaviours. Chaos theory may provide science with the new paradigm for the study of these complex systems. This paper suggests Thomas Kuhn's philosophy of science to use as a foundation for the application of chaos theory or the theory of non-linear dynamics to the science of nursing.
Effect of Prepartum Selenium-Vitamin E Injection on Time for Placenta to Pass and on Productive Functions

The effect of a single injection of selenium-vitamin E containing 21.9 mg sodium selenite upon time for placenta to pass following calving and on subsequent reproductive and lactational performance was evaluated. Incidence of retained placenta was 11.4%. This amount of selenium-vitamin E did not affect the time for placenta to pass, did not reduce calving difficulty, nor did it increase number of heats prior to first breeding, decrease days open or services per conception, or increase milk the next lactation.
Nucleosome positioning and modification: chromatin structures that potentiate transcription

The role of the nucleosome in the folding of DNA has often been thought of as purely a packaging one. However, the precise folding of regulatory sequences of genes around the histones within positioned nucleosomes is also important in controlling both the access of transcription factors to chromatin and the transcription process itself. This review highlights these functions by using specific examples of an active and regulatory role for positioned nucleosomes.
Consumers of Clothing from Alternative Trading Organizations: Societal Attitudes and Purchase Evaluative Criteria:

Consumers of ethnic clothing from alternative trading organizations (ATOs) were compared with non-purchasers on their values and attitudes. Additionally, a more detailed analysis was undertaken to identify the evaluative criteria used by ethnic clothing consumers as they make decisions to buy from ATOs. Clothing Purchasers (n = 192), Other Product Purchasers (n = 100), and Non-Purchasers (n = 84) from the mailing list of Pueblo to People (PTP), an ATO that imports handcrafted products from Latin America, completed a self-administered mail questionnaire. Multiple discriminant analysis identified that the variable most differentiating the three groups was quality. Compared with Non-Purchasers and Other Purchasers, Clothing Purchasers described Pueblo to People's clothing as being higher quality. Additionally, Clothing Purchasers had stronger belief in the work performed by ATOs, were more concerned about Latin American people, had traveled more extensively in Latin America, and were more highly educated tha...
pH Affects the Thermal Inactivation Parameters of R‐Phycoerythrin from Porphyra yezoensis

: R-phycoerythrin (PE), a protein that fluoresces in the visible range, was purified from Porphyra yezoensis. PE had a molecular mass of 292 kDa and an isoelectric point of 4.1 to 4.2. Thermal inactivation parameters of PE, calculated on the basis of fluorescence loss, were determined under different pH conditions. PE was more thermostable between pH 5.0 and 8.0, and became more heat sensitive at pH 4.0 and 10.0. PE at pH 6.0 had the highest D value (12258.7 min) at 70 °C. The z values of PE increased from 4.58 °C at pH 5.0 to 9.15 °C at pH 9.0. PE could be used as a time-temperature integrator by adjusting the inactivation kinetics of PE to match those of target microorganisms in a thermal process.
Techniques necessary for multiple tracer quantitative small-animal imaging studies

Abstract Introduction An increasing number and variety of studies on rodent models are being conducted using small-animal positron emission tomography scanners. We aimed to determine if animal handling techniques could be developed to perform routine animal imaging in a timely and efficient manner and with minimal effect on animal physiology. These techniques need to be reproducible in the same animal while maintaining hemodynamic and physiological stability. Methods The necessary techniques include (a) the use of inhalant anesthesia, (b) arterial and venous cannulation for multiple tracer administrations and blood sampling, (c) development of small-volume analytic columns and techniques and (d) measurement of the physiological environment during the imaging session. Results We provide an example of a cardiac imaging study using four radiotracers ( 15 O-water, 1-[ 11 C]-acetate, 1-[ 11 C]-palmitate and 1-[ 11 C]-glucose) injected into normal rats. Plasma substrates, CO 2 production and total metabolites were measured. The animals remained anesthetized over the entire imaging session, and their physiological state was maintained. Conclusion The intrastudy stability of the physiological measurements and substrate levels and interstudy reproducibility of the measurements are reported.
Increasing rates of preterm twin births coincide with improving twin pair survival.

OBJECTIVE: To examine trends in twin gestational age over time, with adjustment for potential confounding factors, and to assess twin pair mortality and respiratory support over time. METHODS: Rates of preterm births, respiratory support, and neonatal mortality were calculated for 21,569 twin pairs born from 1980 to 2005 in Washington State, using birth certificate and hospital discharge data. Fetal death risks were determined on a "per-pair-at-risk" basis. RESULTS: While the proportion of twins born at 24-31 weeks remained stable at 8%, the proportion born at 32-36 weeks increased from 28% to 48%, and the proportion at 37-42 weeks declined from 64% to 44% (P<0.0001). Controlling individually for a variety of factors, such as maternal age, race, parity, and mode of delivery did not diminish the highly significant trend of increasing preterm births (P<0.0001 for each). Twin pair neonatal mortality decreased significantly through time (P<0.0001); however, the rate of pairs with one or both infants requiring oxygen or ventilation increased significantly through time (P<0.0001). Fetal death risks declined for term twins. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of twins born at 32-36 weeks' gestation has increased over time, along with requirement for respiratory support. Twin pair mortality decreased from 1980 to 2005.
Effects of angular-momentum-changing electron collisions and radiative corrections on dielectronic satellite spectra.

The conventional low-density isolated-resonance theory for the intensities and widths of the 2l'2l''\ensuremath{\rightarrow}1s2l and the 1s2l'2l''\ensuremath{\rightarrow}1${s}^{2}$2l dielectronic satellite lines has been generalized to take into account angular-momentum-changing electron collisions and the interaction between the atomic system and the quantized radiation field. The electron collisional transitions alter the population densities of the autoionizing levels, while the atom-field interaction modifies the relative probabilities for autoionization and radiative decay. The modifications to the conventional low-density expression for the satellite-line intensities may be interpreted as interference between the resonant and nonresonant electron continua together with radiative corrections. These modifications have been expressed in terms of the unperturbed decay rates, the photoionization cross sections, and the Fano line-profile parameters. Using the transition probabilities obtained from two different relativistic atomic structure codes, the K-shell satellite-line intensities and widths have been calculated for argon as functions of temperature and density, taking into account both dielectronic recombination and inner-shell-electron collisional excitation. The combined effects of relativity, radiative corrections, and angular-momentum-changing electron collisions are predicted to be most significant for radiative transitions from the 2${p}^{2}$ ${}^{3}$P and 1s2${p}^{2}$ ${}^{2}$P metastable autoionizing states, which give rise to satellite lines that are relatively weak at low densities but are among the most prominent spectral features in high-density plasmas.
A Targeted DNA-PKcs-Null Mutation Reveals DNA-PK-Independent Functions for KU in V(D)J Recombination

The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) consists of Ku70, Ku80, and a large catalytic subunit, DNA-PKcs. Targeted inactivation of the Ku70 or Ku80 genes results in elevated ionizing radiation (IR) sensitivity and inability to perform both V(D)J coding-end and signal (RS)-end joining in cells, with severe growth retardation plus immunodeficiency in mice. In contrast, we now demonstrate that DNA-PKcs-null mice generated by gene-targeted mutation, while also severely immunodeficient, exhibit no growth retardation. Furthermore, DNA-PKcs-null cells are blocked for V(D)J coding-end joining, but retain normal RS-end joining. Finally, while DNA-PK-null fibroblasts exhibited increased IR sensitivity, DNA-PKcs-deficient ES cells did not. We conclude that Ku70 and Ku80 may have functions in V(D)J recombination and DNA repair that are independent of DNA-PKcs.
Juvenile Delinquency in New York City: A Summary of a Comprehensive Report

(1937). Juvenile Delinquency in New York City: A Summary of a Comprehensive Report. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 1-25.
Pur-alpha regulates RhoA developmental expression and downstream signaling†

Pur-alpha is an essential protein for postnatal brain development which localizes specifically to dendrites where it plays a role in the translation of neuronal RNA. Mice lacking Pur-alpha display decreased neuronogenesis and impaired neuronal differentiation. Here we examined two Rho GTPases, Rac1 and RhoA, which play opposing roles in neurite outgrowth and are critical for dendritic maturation during mouse brain development in the presence and absence of Pur-alpha. Pur-alpha is developmentally regulated in the mouse brain with expression beginning shortly after birth and rapidly increasing to peak during the third week of postnatal development. RhoA levels analyzed by Western blotting rapidly fluctuated in the wild-type mouse brain, however, in the absence of Pur-alpha, a decrease in RhoA levels shortly after birth and a delay in the cycling of RhoA regulation was observed leading to reduced basal levels of RhoA after day 10 postnatal. Immunohistochemistry of brain tissues displayed reduced RhoA levels in the cortex and cerebellum and loss of perinuclear cytoplasmic labeling of RhoA within the cortex in the knockout mouse brain. While Rac1 levels remained relatively stable at all time points during development and were similar in both wild-type and Pur-alpha knockout mice, changes in subcellular localization of Rac1 were seen in the absence of Pur-alpha. These findings suggest that Pur-alpha can regulate RhoA at multiple levels including basal protein levels, subcellular compartmentalization, as well as turnover of active RhoA in order to promote dendritic maturation.