cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A new rotation estimation and recovery algorithm

In this paper, we present a new rotation estimation and recovery algorithm. The algorithm recovers the rotated images with high quality through minimizing the number of pixels whose intensities need to be altered. The recovery algorithm can tolerate up to about +/−4 degrees error in the estimation of the angle of rotation. To estimate the angle of rotation, a non-rotated version of the rotated image is used as a reference. Three different methods to estimate the rotation angle are discussed; image alignment, radial Tchebichef moments, and Fourier descriptors. Image alignment shows the most accurate results for the estimated angle. The results of our recovery algorithm are compared more favorably to those of another algorithm that uses interpolation (Matlab built in rotation function).
Attenuation of CNS inflammatory responses by nicotine involves α7 and non-α7 nicotinic receptors

A considerable number of in vivo studies have demonstrated that the cholinergic system can dampen the peripheral immune response, and it is thought that the α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtype is a key mediator of this process. The goal of the present study was to determine if nicotine modulates immunological mechanisms known to be involved in the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model for CNS autoimmune disease, via α7-nAChRs. Here we show that nicotine exposure attenuates EAE severity and that this effect is largely abolished in nAChR α7 subunit knock-out mice. However, nicotine exposure partially retains the ability to reduce lymphocyte infiltration into the CNS, inhibit auto-reactive T cell proliferation and helper T cell cytokine production, down-regulate co-stimulatory protein expression on myeloid cells, and increase the differentiation and recruitment of regulatory T cells, even in the absence of α7-nAChRs. Diverse effects of nicotine on effector and regulatory T cells, as well as antigen-presenting cells, may be linked to differential expression patterns of nAChR subunits across these cell types. Taken together, our data show that although α7-nAChRs indeed seem to play an important role in nicotine-conferred reduction of the CNS inflammatory response and protection against EAE, other nAChR subtypes also are involved in the anti-inflammatory properties of the cholinergic system.
Smooth etching of silicon using TMAH and isopropyl alcohol for MEMS applications

Etching of silicon plays an important role in the field of micromachining. In this study, etching was performed on (100), (110) and (111) silicon using tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH). The roughness of the etched silicon surface was studied as a function of the etching parameters. Etching was carried out at three different temperatures with varying solution concentrations with and without isopropyl alcohol. Emphasis was placed on the roughness of the silicon surface obtained after etching. It was observed that roughness is highly dependent on the solution concentration and temperature. Based on the experimental results and theoretical considerations, the etching mechanism has been explained.
In Vitro Synergy of Caspofungin and Amphotericin B against Aspergillus and Fusarium spp.

We investigated the in vitro interaction of caspofungin and amphotericin B for clinical isolates of Aspergillus and Fusarium. Synergy tests were performed using the checkerboard method and following the NCCLS M38-P guidelines in Antibiotic Medium 3 broth supplemented to 2% glucose. Antagonism was not observed for any of the isolates tested. Caspofungin and amphotericin B were synergistic or synergistic to additive for at least half of the isolates.
Branch circuit protection for DC systems

We present a new approach for protecting DC power distribution circuits against faults and negative incremental impedance instabilities. Like a circuit breaker, the device is passive until a fault occurs. Unlike a circuit breaker, the device operates in current limiting mode or in impedance transformation mode, according to the system requirements, and it can serve as a power buffer during transient upstream disruptions. The approach permits coordination between hierarchical levels of protection, it enables system reconfiguration, and it increases system stability. All three types of protection are achieved automatically by the controller based solely on local current and voltage measurements. The efficacy of this solution has been demonstrated through simulation. System stability with and without the proposed protection system has been analyzed according to the Brayton-Moser mixed potential criterion. The approach is proven to increase the stability of the systems in all configurations.
Purification and characterization of hepatic and intestinal phenol sulfotransferase with high affinity for benzo[a]pyrene phenols from channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus.

Cytosol from channel catfish liver and intestinal mucosa has high sulfotransferase activity with low concentrations of 3-, 7-, or 9-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene. To further investigate this conjugation pathway, sulfotransferase activity toward 9-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene was isolated from catfish intestinal and hepatic cytosol by chromatography on anion exchange and PAP–agarose affinity columns. SDS–PAGE of the active fractions showed that one major band with molecular size of about 41,000 Da was isolated from intestine, while two bands of about 41,000 and 31,000 Da were obtained from liver. Antibodies against human phenol-sulfating sulfotransferase cross-reacted strongly with the 41,000-Da bands from liver and intestine, but weakly with the hepatic 31,000-Da protein. N-Terminal sequence information could not be obtained from the pure proteins. Following digestion, an internal sequence of 20 amino acid residues was obtained from the hepatic 41,000-Da protein, which matched a sequence found in several mammalian sulfotransferases. No fish sulfotransferase sequences were available for comparison. The identity of the hepatic 31,000-Da protein was not established. The purified 41,000-Da proteins had very high activities with 3-, 7-, or 9-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene, with Km values in the 40–100 nM range and Vmax 125–300 nmol/min/mg of protein. Substrate inhibition was observed when the concentrations of hydroxylated benzo[a]pyrenes were above 0.5 μM. As well as benzo[a]pyrene phenols, the purified 41,000-Da sulfotransferases catalyzed sulfation of 2-naphthol, 4-nitrophenol, 4-methylumbelliferone, 7-(hydroxymethyl)-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene, dehydroepiandrosterone, estrone, and 17β-estradiol. Phenolic compounds were the preferred substrates for the purified enzymes.
Unsupervised learning and fusion for failure detection in wind turbines

Unforeseen failures of components of a wind turbine have a significant impact on the power generation capability. Anemometer, which measures the wind speed as seen by the turbine, can be used to predict within some degree of accuracy the amount of power the turbine should produce. It is a good indicator of incipient failures that the power production is consistently low. Unsupervised and automated monitoring of the dynamic behavior of a wind turbine and power produced can detect faults early. Thus, secondary defects and major breakdowns are avoided as well as minimizing the impact this failure has on the total production of the turbine. This paper presents a failure detection method relying on the wind speed differences between two turbines. We collect a week's worth of data and model the wind speed difference between two turbines using a Weibull distribution. Two original tests are proposed. The first test is based on the fitted Weibull distribution, where the abnormal weeks have higher values in both the scale and shape parameters. The second test evaluates the area under the weekly empirical cumulative density function. Both tests yield similar fault detection results, and the second test reveals the sequential progression. A fusion using the second test on multiple turbine pairs can clarify the ambiguity in the single turbine pair test.
Hybrid optimization for lithologic inversion and time-lapse monitoring using a binary formulation

We have developed a hybrid optimization algorithm for binary inversion of geophysical data associated with lithologic inversion and time-lapse monitoring. The binary condition is designed to invert geophysical data for well-defined physical properties within discrete lithologic units, such as a salt body within a sedimentary host, or temporal changes in physical property associated with dynamic processes, such as the density and conductivity change in an oil and gas reservoir or groundwater aquifer. The solution of such inverse problems with discrete model values requires specialized optimization algorithms. To meet this need, we develop a hybrid optimization algorithm by combining a genetic algorithm with quenched simulated annealing. The former allows for easy incorporation of prior geologic information and rapid buildup of large-scale model features, whereas the latter guides genetic algorithm to faster evolution by rapidly adjusting the finer model features. In examining the performance of the hybrid ...
Workflow analysis comparing manual and automated specimen processing for mass spectrometry-based vitamin D testing.

Objective: To quantify the benefits of automating specimen extraction in terms of specimen-preparation times and labor usage. Methods: We used workflow modeling and time-motion studies to compare manual and automated solid-phase extraction methods to prepare specimens for a mass spectrometry–based vitamin D assay. We processed 20 batches, that included 5 to 90 specimens each, with both methods in parallel and randomly over a 4-week period. Technologist discomfort/fatigue was subjectively measured. Results: Batch preparation time, per-specimen processing time, and labor requirements were significantly lower for all batch sizes on the Tecan Freedom EVO 150 robotic liquid-handling system (EVO). Technologist fatigue was significant when batch sizes reached 60 specimens. Cycle times were more uniform on the EVO. Automation provided as many as 85 minutes of useable technologist idle time for the 90-specimen batch. Conclusions: Automated specimen preparation should be considered when batch sizes reach 35 to 40 specimens per day. * LC–MS/MS : liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry SOPs : standard operating procedures QC : quality-control FTE : full-time equivalent Man : manual extraction Auto : automated extraction NA : not applicable ZnSO4 : zinc sulfate IPA : isopropanol
Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture: Recent Advances

In the past few years there have been many advances in our understanding of microwave approaches for the remote sensing of soil moisture. These advances include a method for estimating the dependence of the soil's dielectric constant on its texture; the use of percent of field capacity to express soil moisture magnitudes independently of soil texture; experimental and theoretical estimates of the soil moisture sampling depth; models for describing the effect of surface roughness on the microwave response in terms of surface height variance and the horizontal correlation length; verification of the ability of radiative transfer models to predict the microwave emission from soils; and experimental and theoretical estimates of the effects of vegetation on the microwave response to soil moisture. This research has demonstrated that it is possible to remotely sense soil moisture in the surface layer of the soil (about 0-5 cm). In addition there have been simulation studies indicating how remotely sensed surface soil moisture may be used to estimate evapotranspiration rates and root-zone soil moisture.
A Review of “The Politics of Knowledge in Education”

In The Politics of Knowledge in Education, Elizabeth Rata asks why the field of educational studies has not developed a theory of knowledge, despite the centrality of knowledge in education. The im...
From data privacy to location privacy: models and algorithms

This tutorial presents the definition, the models and the techniques of location privacy from the data privacy perspective. By reviewing and revising the state of art research in data privacy area, the presenter describes the essential concepts, the alternative models, and the suite of techniques for providing location privacy in mobile and ubiquitous data management systems. The tutorial consists of two main components. First, we will introduce location privacy threats and give an overview of the state of art research in data privacy and analyze the applicability of the existing data privacy techniques to location privacy problems. Second, we will present the various location privacy models and techniques effective in either the privacy policy based framework or the location anonymization based framework. The discussion will address a number of important issues in both data privacy and location privacy research, including the location utility and location privacy trade-offs, the need for a careful combination of policy-based location privacy mechanisms and location anonymization based privacy schemes, as well as the set of safeguards for secure transmission, use and storage of location information, reducing the risks of unauthorized disclosure of location information. The tutorial is designed to be self-contained, and gives the essential background for anyone interested in learning about the concept and models of location privacy, and the principles and techniques for design and development of a secure and customizable architecture for privacy-preserving mobile data management in mobile and pervasive information systems. This tutorial is accessible to data management administrators, mobile location based service developers, and graduate students and researchers who are interested in data management in mobile information syhhhstems, pervasive computing, and data privacy.
Power system modeling for inverse problems

Large disturbances in power systems often initiate complex interactions between continuous dynamics and discrete events. The paper develops a hybrid automaton that describes such behavior. Hybrid systems can be modeled in a systematic way by a set of differential-algebraic equations, modified to incorporate impulse (state reset) action and constraint switching. This differential-algebraic impulsive-switched (DAIS) model is a realization of the hybrid automaton. The paper presents a practical object-oriented approach to implementing the DAIS model. Each component of a system is modeled autonomously. Connections between components are established by simple algebraic equations. The systematic nature of the DAIS model enables efficient computation of trajectory sensitivities, which in turn facilitate algorithms for solving inverse problems. The paper outlines a number of inverse problems, including parameter uncertainty, parameter estimation, grazing bifurcations, boundary value problems, and dynamic embedded optimization.
Real-Time Calculation of Switching Angles Minimizing THD for Multilevel Inverters With Step Modulation

Multilevel inverters have been widely applied in industries. A family of optimal pulsewidth modulation (PWM) methods for multilevel inverters, such as step modulation, can generate output voltage with less harmonic distortion than popular modulation strategies, such as the carrier-based sinusoidal PWM or the space vector PWM. However, some drawbacks limit the application of optimal PWM. One of such crucial drawback is that the optimal switching angles could not be calculated in real-time and one has to rely on lookup tables with precalculated angles. We propose a novel real-time algorithm for calculating switching angles that minimizes total harmonic distortion (THD) for step modulation. We give a mathematical proof that the output voltage has the minimum THD. We implemented the algorithm on a digital signal processor and provide experimental results that verify the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Losing a Job: The Nonpecuniary Cost of Unemployment in the United States

Drawing on the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, I track the subjective well-being of individuals as they enter and exit unemployment. Job loss is a salient trigger event that sets off large changes in well-being. The factors expected to improve the lot of the unemployed have limited efficacy: (1) changes in family income are not significantly correlated with well-being; (2) unemployment insurance eligibility seems to partly mitigate the effect of job loss, but is a poor substitute for work; and (3) even reemployment recovers only about two thirds of the initial harm of job loss, indicating a potential long-term scar effect of unemployment. This highlights the deep and intractable hardship caused by unemployment in America.
Probing laser disturbed doubly excited states with isolated attosecond pulses

Two-electron excitation and autoionization in helium atoms were studied experimentally using isolated attosecond pulses for the first time. The population of the resonance state was modified by intense near infrared laser pulses.
Rate-adaptive modulation and low-density parity-check coding for optical fiber transmission systems

We propose a rate-adaptive optical transmission scheme using variable-size constellations at a fixed symbol rate and variable-rate forward error correction (FEC) codes with soft-decision decoding (SDD), quantifying how achievable bit rates vary with transmission distance. The scheme uses outer Reed-Solomon codes and inner extended irregular repeat-accumulate low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes to vary the code rate, combined with single-carrier polarization-multiplexed M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation with variable M and digital coherent detection. LDPC codes are decoded iteratively using belief propagation. Employing M = 4,8,16, the scheme achieves a maximum bit rate of 200 Gbit/s in a nominal 50-GHz channel bandwidth. A rate adaptation algorithm uses the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or the FEC decoder input bit-error ratio (BER) estimated by a receiver to determine the FEC code rate and constellation size that maximize the information bit rate while yielding a target FEC decoder output BER and a specified SNR margin. We simulate single-channel transmission through long-haul fiber systems with or without inline chromatic dispersion compensation, incorporating numerous optical switches, evaluating the impact of fiber nonlinearity and bandwidth narrowing. With zero SNR margin, we achieve bit rates of 200/100/50/20 Gbit/s over distances of 960/2800/4400/9680 km and 1920/4960/8160/19,360 km in dispersion-compensated and - uncompensated systems, respectively, corresponding to an increase of about 50% in reach compared to a reference system that uses a hard-decision FEC scheme. Compared to an ideal coding scheme, the proposed scheme exhibits a performance gap ranging from about 4.0 dB at 960 km to 2.7 dB at 9680 km in compensated systems, and from about 3.9 dB at 1920 km to 2.9 dB at 19,360 km in uncompensated systems. Observed performance gaps are about 2.5 dB smaller than for the reference hard-decision FEC scheme, close to the improvement expected when using SDD.
Investigation of the stable interaction of a passive compliant surface with a turbulent boundary layer

The near-wall flow structure of a zero-pressure-gradient flat-plate turbulent boundary layer with a single-layer viscoelastic compliant surface was visualized using the hydrogen-bubble technique. The compliant materials were made by mixing silicone elastomer with silicone oil. The flow-visualization experiments indicated low-speed wall streaks with increased spanwise spacing and elongated spatial coherence compared to those obtained on a rigid surface. More interestingly, an intermittent relaminarization-like phenomenon was observed at low Reynolds numbers for the particular compliant surface investigated. Apparently, the observed changes in the near-wall flow structure over the compliant surface are caused by the stable interaction between the compliant surface and the turbulent flow-field. Optical holographic interferometry and laser Doppler velocimetry were also employed to obtain the basic parameters of the turbulent boundary layers and the flow-induced compliant-surface displacements to better understand the physics of the interaction between a turbulent boundary layer and a passive compliant surface.
Multiphase Flow Models in Packed Beds

Resume — Modeles d’ecoulements polyphasiques dans les lits garnis — Cette etude presente un examen des theories sur les ecoulements des liquides et des gaz dans les lits garnis appliquees au dimensionnement des reacteurs. Des progres significatifs ont ete realises dans la connaissance des phenomenes d’ecoulements polyphasiques dans les lits garnis et dans la possibilite d’effectuer des previsions quantitatives sur le comportement des fluides en ecoulement. Certaines theories utilisent avec succes des equations de continuite et de quantite de mouvement moyennees dans l’espace pour les phases liquide et gazeuse, associees a des lois de comportement representant les forces de trainee entre les phases fluides et les particules ainsi que les effets de la pression capillaire dans la colonne. Il en resulte un ensemble coherent d’equations qui sont capables de modeliser les donnees experimentales pour le taux de retention du liquide et la perte de charge dans des conditions de regime permanent. Ces theories ont egalement ete utilisees pour donner des informations sur la stabilite de ces ecoulements permanents. Un accord remarquable a ete trouve entre les observations experimentales et les predictions theoriques sur les transitions entre les regimes a faibles et a fortes interactions. De plus, le meme ensemble d’equations a permis de modeliser les ecoulements, a la fois en co- et en contre-courant, des phases liquide et gazeuse dans les lits garnis. Cette approche robuste est basee sur les principes fondamentaux de la mecanique des fluides et peut etre appliquee a d’autres configurations de reacteurs. Une formulation similaire a egalement ameliore la comprehension de l’hydrodynamique des reacteurs a gazosiphon. Certains de ces resultats sont presentes a titre de comparaison ; un resume des challenges visant a elargir ces modeles hydrodynamiques pour y inclure les effets du transfert de chaleur, du transfert de masse et des vitesses de reaction est egalement propose. Mots-cles : force de trainee, permeabilite, perte de charge, retention, debits de transition, regime hydrodynamique.
Multiple-valued-input TANT networks

The paper proposes mvTANTs, three-level networks with multiple-valued inputs and binary outputs. These networks are a generalization of binary TANTs (Three level And Not networks with True Inputs). One of possible interpretations of mvTANT is a four-level binary network with input decoders which realize multiple-valued literals. Similar to mvPLAs, mvTANTs have regular structures with predictable timing. Compared with mvPLAs, however, they have at least 25% less input wires to the third-level (NAND) plane and not more outputs from the second-level (AND) plane than the mvPLA. Thus, in many cases they have less gates and connections, and are useful to minimize Boolean functions in cellular FPGAs and other regular structures. >
The Decline of Western Educational Research and the Unfortunate Balance of Trade in the Marketplace of Bad Ideas about Scholing

The thesis of this article is that Western education research has widely failed to shape educational systems that cultivate public purpose in mass education and that, hence, other cultures that import this project play into the hands of transnational corporations ready to update those cultures to serve their purposes. This poor trade in the marketplace of bad ideas is already being made and it seems an unwise choice everywhere, but particularly among nations that confront most stringently the depredations of globalization. I warrant the thesis (1) with evidence of the shift of recent decades in Western educational aims from public to private purposes and (2) by describing the consequent accommodations made by Western education research, with particular attention to the role played by research in school administration. Two warnings and four alternatives seem especially apt. These are the warnings: (1) because power elites find critique inconvenient, they seek to undermine or hobble the critical mission of education research; (2) because globalization suppresses local conceptions of a decent life, the aims of imports from Western schooling should be greeted with doubt—and doubt is the home of critique in research. I suggest these alternatives to the unfortunate balance of global trade in bad ideas about schooling: (1) looking at schooling from the perspectives of ordinary people, not from that of the power elites or the school profession; (2) thinking about what distinguishes research that honors a critical mission from other sorts of writing and other sorts of action; (3) regarding the deployment of methods critically studying locally a trendy Western only by first problematizing it; (4) when thinking about schooling, keeping education much more clearly in view.
The Presence of Linked Fate and the Impact of Linked Fate on Political Behavior

Group identity has become increasingly important to scholars interested in political behavior as the national electorate has become more diverse over time. The concept of linked fate has generated both interest and debate among scholars of racial and ethnic politics, as scholars question whether linked fate is unique to the African American population. Utilizing the Collaborative Multi-Racial Political Study (2008), we examine predictors of linked fate across the Latino, Asian American, and African American population. We hypothesize that linked fate is likely to be relevant across all three groups, as factors such as neighborhood context, perceived discrimination, and co-ethnic mobilization efforts will cue racial and ethnic attachments consistently for all three communities. However, we also theorize that the acquisition of linked fate is likely to be varied in important ways for each population. Specifically, we contend that generational status and national origin will impact the presence of linked fate for the pan-ethnic Latino and Asian American populations. Our investigation is also focused on whether the ability of linked fate to influence political behavior is consistent across racial and ethnic groups. Our findings will be of interest to scholars of identity politics and political behavior alike.
Covert Botnet Command and Control Using Twitter

Botnets are one of the primary threats in computer security today. They are used for launching denial of service attacks, sending spam and phishing emails, and collecting private information. However, every botnet requires coordination. In order to initiate an attack, a botmaster must communicate to all of the bots in the network. In this paper, we present a steganographic system that demonstrates the feasibility of the social networking website Twitter as a botnet command and control center that an attacker could use to reliably communicate messages to a botnet with low latency and nearly perfect rate of transmission. Our system generates plausible cover messages based on a required tweet length determined by an encoding map that has been constructed based on the structure of the secret messages. The system considers both the input symbol frequencies (e.g. English letter frequencies) as well as the tweet length posting frequencies for constructing the encoding maps. A technique for automatically generating Twitter account names based on Markov chains is also presented so that the bots can connect to new accounts if the existing botmaster account is unavailable. All the experiments were performed using the 7.3M actual tweets from 3.7K verified accounts collected by the tweet parser developed by us. We have evaluated the efficacy of the system using Emulab and usability of the system through Amazon's Mechanical Turk with promising results. An analysis of the steganographic security of the proposed system has also been provided. By demonstrating how a botmaster might perform such communication using online social networks, our work provides the basis to detect and prevent emerging botnet activities.
Neuropsychological consequences of sleep disturbance in children with epilepsy

A growing body of research reveals strong relationships between sleep disturbance, sleep architecture, and neuropsychological functioning in children. Children with epilepsy experience numerous neuropsychological comorbidities, including cognitive deficiencies and emotional/behavioral difficulties; thus, it is reasonable to consider the moderating role of sleep in this population. This review summarizes findings involving the prevalence and characteristics of sleep problems often experienced by children with epilepsy. The complex and bidirectional relationship between sleep and seizure frequency is discussed. Research pertaining to the relationship between sleep disturbance and daytime cognition as well as behavior reveals a substantial association between these variables. Clinically relevant practices related to the assessment and treatment of sleep-related complications are reviewed, and directions for further research involving intervention and assessment are also reviewed.
Torque Characteristics for a Consumer Sample

A series of experiments were conducted to determine the maximum amount of torque that males and females could apply by hand to knobs of commercial products.The purpose of the experiments was to provide data suitable for the safe design and testing of a common household item. Investigations had revealed that in some instances users may have turned a knob past a point where the item became in effect a “time bomb” even though the item had been purportedly designed to withstand the torque required to do this. Further, the ability of the design to withstand the torques required to do this may also have been inadvertently tested in the quality control and inspection station of the manufacturer.Literature clearly indicates that the amount of torque that may be exerted depends on factors of knob design such as its radius, geometry, etc. Because the literature did not provide data precise enough for the present purposes a series of experiments were made to answer the specific questions.For the knob in question, an...
Who will sit in my chair

Thank you very much for the great honor that the selection committee has given me as the 30th John W. Webb Lecture Award recipient. The list of previous Webb Lecturers is a cross section of the finest and most influential leaders in the recent history of health-system pharmacy. Previous awardees
Informing scale-up and resource allocation: the use of economic analysis.

The papers in this section address a subset of the challenges for policymakers and planners that are critical to achieving universal access to comprehensive HIV prevention treatment and care. These issues were posed in the 2006 Making the money work the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Annual Report. Some of the topics include the successful mobilization of financial resources to sustain the rapid expansion of prevention treatment and care programmes in developing countries the strategic placement of labor capital and financial resources needed to scale up programmes in developing countries and the efficient implementation of alternative strategies identified by sound and practical research methodology to achieve the maximum positive impact on HIV-infected populations. The following papers demonstrate how economic analysis may be able to assist in overcoming these challenges and it can inform programme scale-up and resource allocation decisions. (excerpt)
SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF TRIGLYCERIDES AND CHOLESTEROL ESTERS IN SERUM BY INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRY.

With the use of a high-resolution grating infrared spectrophotometer, it is possible to analyze mixtures of cholesterol esters and triglycerides on the basis of the difference in their ester carbonyl absorption frequencies. In the analysis of serum lipids, the preliminary removal of phospholipids is accomplished by a simple batch adsorption on silicic acid. Infrared absorbance measurements are made on carbon tetrachloride solutions of the unadsorbed lipids, using stationary frequency settings at 1745 cm−1 and 1730 cm−1 (approximate band peaks of triglycerides and cholesterol esters, respectively). The influence of the minor lipid constituents in this mixture is considered, and the errors from this cause are shown to be negligibly small in most circumstances. The over-all accuracy is estimated to be about ±5%.
Systemic lupus erythematosus with j oint deformity and patellar tendon r upture

A case of female SLE patient ,has been treated with corticosteroid for 12y ears,with joint deformity and sudden patellar tendon rupture is reported.Clinic manifestations comprise multiple an d reducible metacarpophalangeal an d intercarpal joint Jaccoud' s deformities,ligamentous laxity,h yperextension,loss of pinching abi lity.Activity of these joints are limited lightly and feelings are normal.Radiographs illustrate the multiple metacarpophalangeal and i ntercarpal joints laxity ,Jaccoud`s arthropathy,deviation and characteristic flexion deformitie s with the absence of any erosions and sclerosis in the cartilage or bone,a nd bilateral patellar moving upward and patellar tendon rupturin g .The soft tissue calcification sit es were found below the left elbow joint.
Clinical Study on Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Associated Nephritis and Nephrotic Syndrome in Children

Objective:To study clinical features of mycoplasma pneumoniae associated with nephritis and nephrotic syndrome in child ren. Methods :To view all children with acute nephritis(devi ded into three groups:post streptococcal glomerulonephritis,mycoplasma pneumonia e associated with glomerulonephritis and others) and nephrotic syndrome(mycoplas ma pneumoniae associated and primary),to analyse their clinical features. Results:Of all the objects,18.6% and 35% were mycoplasma pneumonia e associated with nephritis and nephrotic syndrome,which presented acute nephri tis syndrome and nephrotic syndrome.There were no significant difference between the three groups of nephritis on the frequence and the length of edema, high bl ood pressure and hematuria.But there was significant difference between the two groups of nephrotic syndrome on the age, sex, the length of edema and proteinuri a. Conclusiuon:Mycoplasma pneumoniae associated with nephriti s and nephrotic syndrome are the main cause of nephritis and nephrotic syndrome in children in the zone, which should be taken more attention. [
The application of network technology in metal Working practice

To improve the quality of undergraduate practice and enrich teaching content,the network teaching methods were explored and the Metal Working Practice Website was set up to expand students' outlook and effectively enhanced the teaching quality and efficiency.
A Hybrid Approach for Privacy-preserving Record Linkage.

The integration of information dispersed among multiple repositories is a crucial step for accurate data analysis in various domains. In support of this goal, it is critical to devise procedures for identifying similar records across distinct data sources. At the same time, to adhere to privacy regulations and policies, such procedures should protect the confidentiality of the individuals to whom the information corresponds. Various private record linkage (PRL) protocols have been proposed to achieve this goal, involving secure multi-party computation (SMC) and similarity preserving data transformation techniques. SMC methods provide secure and accurate solutions to the PRL problem, but are prohibitively expensive in practice for large data sets, mainly due to excessive computational requirements. Data transformation techniques offer more practical solutions, but incur the cost of information leakage and false matches. In this talk, we discuss how the performance of SMC based PRL techniques could be significantly improved by combining them with data sanitization techniques without incurring the cost of information leakage and false matches. Furthermore, we discuss how to efficiently handle typographical errors exist in data during the PRL protocol execution. BIO Dr. Murat Kantarcioglu is an Associate Professor in the Computer Science Department and Director of the UTD Data Security and Privacy Lab at the University of Texas at Dallas. He holds a B.S. in Computer Engineering from Middle East Technical University, and M.S. and Ph.D degrees in Computer Science from Purdue University. He is a recipient of NSF CAREER award and Purdue CERIAS Diamond Award for Academic excellence. Currently, he is a visiting scholar at Harvard Data Privacy Lab. Dr. Kantarcioglu's research focuses on creating technologies that can efficiently extract useful information from any data without sacrificing privacy or security. His research has been supported by grants from NSF, AFOSR, ONR, NSA, and NIH. He has published over 100 peer reviewed papers. Some of his research work has been covered by the media outlets such as Boston Globe, ABC News etc. and has received two best paper awards. (c) 2014, Copyright is with the authors. Published in the Workshop Proceedings of the EDBT/ICDT 2014 Joint Conference (March 28, 2014, Athens, Greece) on CEUR-WS.org (ISSN 1613-0073). Distribution of this paper is permitted under the terms of the Creative Commons license CC-by-nc-nd 4.0 7th International Workshop on Privacy and Anonymity in the Information Society (PAIS’14) March 28, 2014, Athens, Greece
Teachers Can Give Too Little Because We Ask Too Much

“By stating frankly that teachers van and should attempt only what is possible, we hasten the additional service really needed to make the ideal of giving each atypical child fall opportunity, come true”
Different Mistakes in the Law and the Difference They Make

There are various sorts of mistakes one might make regarding the law. For instance, one might incorrectly believe that there is a law when there isn’t one or that there is no law when there is. One might also know the law but incorrectly appraise the facts covered by the law. The former mistake is traditionally classified as a legal mistake while the latter is generally referred to as a factual mistake. Both those under the law and those charged with enforcing the law are capable of making both sorts of mistakes. As might well be expected, however, the consequences of a citizen’s legal or factual mistake might be quite distinct from those of the executive officer. Perhaps contrary to common belief concerning the protections afforded the accused, it is more likely for the government to forgive empirical and legal mistakes made by governmental officers than it is for the government to forgive those same mistakes made by private parties in the role of the criminally accused. Mistakes made by the former group may have no effect upon their endeavors, if certain conditions obtain. Mistakes by the latter group, with two exceptions, will generally have significant legal effects. To investigate the varied ramifications in light of two recent United States Supreme Court cases shall be the goal of this paper.
Transforming Health Care Through Interprofessional Graduate Education.

Purpose We provide an overview of the Recovery-based Interprofessional Distance Education (RIDE) rotation for graduate students in psychiatric mental health (PMH) nursing, pharmacy, nutrition, and exercise physiology, with faculty from the four professions represented. Conclusions Interprofessional education can enhance team concepts in these professions and is viewed positively by students and faculty. Practice implications Interprofessional learning opportunities prepare graduates to contribute to team-based care. We urge colleagues to join us in providing meaningful IPE experiences to students at all levels, with the goal of optimizing health care for all persons with mental health treatment needs.
Water reconditioning and reuse in the food processing industry: Current situation and challenges

Abstract Background While the demand for food and water is growing, water shortages are already occurring in many of the world's major food production areas. Irrigation is unarguably the most water demanding operation among the food supply chain, however, efforts from different sectors will collectively secure food for the world's population. Food processing is a key component of the food supply chain and its water footprint is of great consideration, not only because of the high-quality water used in the manufacturing of products but also for the significant volumes of pollutant wastewater generated. Different food sectors produce wastewater of different qualities, but for all cases water reconditioning and reuse offer opportunities to reduce water consumption and to contribute to a better water management in the food processing industry. Scope and approach The factors converging to implement such initiatives including, regulations in place, available technologies, food safety considerations, risk perceptions, water quality, environmental impacts and research needs are discussed herein. The goal of this review paper was to bring to the forefront of the debate the challenges and opportunities that water conservation initiatives offer, in order to produce more food with less water. Key findings Water reconditioning and reuse are technologically-feasible alternatives for the food processing industry to incorporate better water management and sustainability in food processing operations that are lacking. Successful implementation of conservation strategies is associated with the holistic evaluation of the intervention, providing information related to cost, risk, and environmental performance.
Psychometric Properties of the Satisfaction With Life Scale in People With Traumatic Brain, Spinal Cord, or Burn Injury: A National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research Model System Study:

This study evaluated the measurement properties of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) in a sample of 17,897 people with spinal cord injury (48%, n = 8,566), traumatic brain injury (44%, n = 7,941), and burn injury (8%, n = 1,390), 1 year following injury. We examined measurement invariance across the groups, unidimensionality, local independence, reliability from a classical test and item response theory (IRT) framework, and fit to a unidimensional IRT model. The results support unidimensionality and local independence of the SWLS. Reliability was adequate from a classical test and IRT perspective. IRT analysis found that the SWLS could be improved by using only five response categories rather than seven and by removing the fifth item, "If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing." This item functions poorly and reduces instrument reliability. With these revisions, the SWLS is a useful instrument to monitor an important outcome of trauma rehabilitation.
Accounting Education Changes for the Future

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the accounting education changes for the future. Accountants must learn to exercise professional judgment in difficult situations. Textbook coverage and classroom discussions seldom are sufficient for students to develop the professional judgment necessary to cope with such problem situations. Fundamentals of problem-solving methodology should be discussed in classes. They include identifying issues, gathering facts, locating authority, weighing authority, reaching a conclusion, and communicating the conclusion. Students need to be become familiar with the sources of accounting information such as journals and treatises, as well as professional standards. Databases such as LEXIS, Westlaw, and NARS are becoming routinely used tools in many offices. It is found that although it may be appropriate for students to rely on textbooks early in the educational process, it is essential that they learn to rely on the other sources before they enter the profession.
Population dynamics of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Spruce Creek Pennsylvania: A quarter-century perspective

We examined the relationship between density-independent and density-dependent factors on the demography of a dense, relatively unexploited population of brown trout in Spruce Creek Pennsylvania between 1985 and 2011. Individual PCAs of flow and temperature data elucidated groups of years with multiple high flow versus multiple low flow characteristics and high versus low temperature years, although subtler patterns of variation also were observed. Density and biomass displayed similar temporal patterns, ranging from 710 to 1,803 trout/ha and 76–263 kg/ha. We detected a significantly negative linear stock-recruitment relationship (R2 = .39) and there was no evidence that flow or water temperature affected recruitment. Both annual survival and the per-capita rate of increase (r) for the population varied over the study, and density-dependent mechanisms possessed the greatest explanatory power for annual survival data. Temporal trends in population r suggested it displayed a bounded equilibrium with increases observed in 12 years and decreases detected in 13 years. Model selection analysis of per-capita rate of increase data for age 1, and adults (N = eight interpretable models) indicated that both density-dependent (five of eight) and negative density-independent processes (five of eight, i.e. high flows or temperatures), affected r. Recruitment limitation also was identified in three of eight models. Variation in the per-capita rate of increase for the population was most strongly affected by positive density independence in the form of increasing spring–summer temperatures and recruitment limitation. Model selection analyses describing annual variation in both mean length and mass data yielded similar results, although maximum wi values were low ranging from 0.09 to 0.23 (length) and 0.13 to 0.22 (mass). Density-dependence was included in 15 of 15 interpretable models for length and all ten interpretable models for mass. Similarly, positive density-independent effects in the form of increasing autumn–winter flow were present in seven of 15 interpretable models for length and five of ten interpretable models for mass. Negative density independent effects also were observed in the form of high spring–summer flows or temperatures (N = 4), or high autumn–winter temperatures (N = 1). Our analyses of the factors affecting population regulation in an introduced population of brown trout demonstrate that density-dependent forces affected every important demographic characteristic (recruitment, survivorship, the rate of increase, and size) within this population. However, density-independent forces in the form of seasonal variations in flow and temperature also helped explain annual variation in the per-capita rate of increase, and mean length and mass data. Consequently, population regulation within this population is driven by a complex of biotic and environmental factors, although it seems clear that density-dependent factors play a dominant role.