cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Neutron Diffraction Study of Radiation Damage in U 3 Si at 30°C and 350°C

We compare damage evolution in U3Si produced by neutron irradiation at 30°C and 350°C and measured by neutron diffraction. Initial studies found that increasing neutron irradiation dose at 30°C results in monotonic expansion of the a-axis and contraction of the c-axis that transforms the crystal structure from tetragonal to cubic [1]. Additional irradiation results in amorphization. Neutron irradiation at 350°C results in little change to the a-axis and expansion of the caxis.The complete alteration in lattice dilatation during irradiation is interpreted as due to modification of surviving defect configurations at the higher temperature. The high temperature lattice dilations can be explained by defect loop formation in the a-b plane. Confinement of lattice strain to the c-axis during irradiation at 350°C may be the mechanism that prevents the total lattice dilatation from exceeding the critical level required for amorphization.
Phase-Shift-Keyed Signal Detection with Noisy Reference Signals

This paper derives and graphically illustrates the performance characteristics of Phase-Shift-Keyed communication systems where the receiver's phase reference is noisy and derived from the observed waveform by means of a narrow-band tracking filter (a phase-locked loop). In particular, two phase measurement methods are considered. One method requires the transmission of an auxiliary carrier (in practice, this signal is usually referred to as the sync subcarrier). This carrier is tracked at the receiver by means of a phase-locked loop, and the output of this loop is used as a reference signal for performing a coherent detection. The second method is self-synchronizing in that the reference signal is derived from the modulated data signal by means of a squaring-loop. The statistics (and their properties) of the differenced-correlator outputs are derived and graphically illustrated as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio existing in the tracking filter's loop bandwidth and the signal-to-noise ratio in the data channel. Conclusions of these results as well as design trends are presented.
Mindfulness for Pediatrics: Evidence-Based Resources

Mindfulness meditation is gaining a foothold in disease prevention and treatment. Mindfulness is the practice of paying attention to what is happening in the present moment without judgment. While the interest in mindfulness is expanding, finding evidence-based resources for pediatrics is frustrating. Searches in PubMed, MedlinePlus, National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, and KidsHealth.org get few results. This article will review books and multimedia materials available for those interested in mindfulness for pediatric medicine. Parents and health care professionals will benefit from carefully selected, evidence-based resources on mindfulness for pediatrics. This article provides a starting point.
Phase Transitions and Singularities in Random Quantum Systems

Abstract Random quantum systems that exhibit unusual behavior associated with “infinite randomness” fixed points are discussed, focusing on the random quantum Ising model. This system undergoes a transition at zero temperature from a phase with infinite susceptibility and continuously variable exponents to a ferromagnetic phase via a quantum critical point characterized by “tunneling scaling” with energy Ω and length scales, L, related by 1 n Ω ∼ L ψ . Exact results in one dimension and a scaling picture in higher dimensions are derived from a simple renormalization group. Other random quantum critical points and quantum disordered phases that can exhibit similar features are discussed briefly.
Study of Ion Bombardment-Induced SubSurface Compositional Modifications in Ni-Cu Alloys at Elevated Temperatures by Ion Scattering Spectroscopy

Changes in the subsurface composition of Ni-40 at. % Cu alloys during 3-keV Ne/sup +/ bombardment at temperatures between 25 and 700/sup 0/C were studied by means of ion scattering spectroscopy. Both the time evolution of the composition in the surface atom layer during ion bombardment and subsurface concentration profiles after rapid specimen cooling to room temperature were measured as a function of temperature. Radiation-enhanced diffusion coefficients were derived from the effective altered-layer thicknesses obtained. A comparison of the experimental measurements with theoretical calculations based on a phenomenological model enabled the identification of processes and kinetics responsible for subsurface compositional modifications. 26 references, 4 figures.
PROGRAMS FOR RADIOIMMUNOASSAYS AND RADIORECEPTORASSAYS USING SPSS-XR

Two sets of programs written using SPSS-X, and designed for the analysis of data obtained by radioimmunoassay or radioreceptorassay are presented. The main advantages of the programs are that they are easily edited, their commands are simple and logical, and they can be used for any type of radioimmunoassay or radioreceptorassay, respectively. The programs for radioimmunoassay can also be used for fluorescenceimmunoassay and luminescenceimmunoassay.
Highly efficient NIR to NIR and VIS upconversion in Er3+ and Yb3+ doped in M2O2S (M = Gd, La, Y)

Efficient photon upconversion (UC) is a promising way to utilize the infrared photons, where upconversion quantum yield (QY) is a key parameter to find the potential application of these UC materials for many applications. Here we are reporting the absolute upconversion QYs for different concentrations of M2O2S:Yb3+/Er3+ (M = Gd, Y, La) in comparison with β-NaYF4:20%Yb3+/2%Er3+ for the UC emissions centered at 410, 550, 667 and 822 nm at varying excitation power densities under 980 nm excitation. Concentration dependent upconversion QY analysis has revealed that La2O2S:1%Yb3+/1%Er3+ and Y2O2S:1%Yb3+/1%Er3+ possess almost similar upconversion QY compared to that of 9%Yb3+/1%Er3+:La2O2S. Measurements under identical conditions with respect to the reported most efficient upconverting phosphor NaYF4:20%Yb3+/2%Er3+ show that M2O2S:Yb3+/Er3+ yields a higher absolute upconversion QY at lower excitation power densities compared to that of β-NaYF4:20%Yb3+/2%Er3+. Furthermore, UC spectral studies and lifetime measurements were performed for a series of M2O2S:Yb3+/Er3+ phosphors to analyze the UC mechanisms in these phosphors. We show that upconversion emission from 4F9/2 is mainly influenced by the longer lifetime of metastable state 4I13/2.
Accessible Web Page Design for the Visually Impaired: A Case Study

Section 508 of the Rehabilitations Act of 1973 states that federal agencies are required to maintain accessible web-based information for persons with disabilities, namely, visual impairments. Studies spanning over 1 decade conducted by The American Foundation for the Blind and Towson University’s Universal Usability Lab investigated federal home pages for Section 508 violations. Both studies concluded that numerous university, corporate, federal, and federal contractor websites are largely inaccessible to people with disabilities—specifically in terms of clarity, consistency, and fidelity to standards. Due to inconsistencies across federal agencies, constant website updates, and webmaster turnaround, there is a need for practical guidelines for web page design compliant with Section 508, the Americans with Disabilities Act, and the World Wide Web Consortium’s Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, with particular focus on the visually impaired.
Cytomorphologic characteristics of thermal injury related to endocervical brushing following loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP)

Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is gaining popularity in the United States as an alternative to other ablative and cone methods of treatment for preneoplastic conditions of the uterine cervix. The major advantage is that it is an outpatient procedure using local anesthesia. Post-LEEP evaluation of the endocervical canal can be accomplished by either endocervical curettage or cytobrush. We reviewed the immediate post-LEEP cytobrushes from 33 patients. Artifact related to the procedure was seen in all cases and included: 1) elongated endocervical cells with cytoplasmic "tails" and streaming nuclei ("taffy pulled"); 2) loose cellular aggregates with coalesced cytoplasm and "hockey stick" nuclei; 3) sheets of cells with frothy cytoplasm and shrunken thumbprinted nuclei; 4) nuclear enlargement; and 5) smudgy nuclear chromatin. The background ranged from bloody coagulum to watery proteinaceous material. Original diagnoses were negative in 25 cases. Eleven (44%) were considered abnormal on review. Of these, four were interpreted as having squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL), one was atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), and six had atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS). It was not always possible to grade the degree of dysplasia. There was review agreement with 14 negatives, one SIL, one ASCUS, and one unsatisfactory specimen. Three AGUS were upgraded to SIL, and one unsatisfactory specimen was considered atypical on review. In conclusion it is possible to separate artifact from actual pathology on post-LEEP cytobrush specimens. Recognition of the characteristic changes seen on cytologic specimens obtained immediately following diathermy loop treatment will allow accurate identification of true abnormalities.
Algorithmically verifiable characterization of the class of scattering amplitudes for small potentials

Abstract A necessary and sufficient condition for a function A(θ′,θ,k)θ′,θ∈S2,k∈R+=(0,∞) to be the scattering amplitude corresponding to a local potential q(x)∈Q β ≔{q|q= q ,|q|≤c(1+|x|) −β }, β>3 , is given under the assumption that ‖A‖ 0, where ‖A‖ is the norm of A:L2(S2)→L2(S2). The condition is algorithmically verifiable.
Imaging pattern of previously in vitro sensitized and interleukin-2 expanded autologous lymphocytes in human cancer.

Abstract In vivo patterns of lymphocytes sensitized against autologous tumor ( in vitro ) were studied in seven patients with metastatic cancer as a potential candidate for an alternative method of radioimmunodetection and adoptive immunocytotherapy. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were either activated in Interleukin-2 (IL-2) [lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells]or sensitized against autologous tumor cells by in vitro co-culture (IVC) and expanded in IL-2 (educated cells); both were then labelled with 111 In. Labelled autologous cells (1 × 10 7 −5 × 10 8 ) were administered to patients and biodistribution studied by imaging under a gamma camera at various time intervals. In 4/7 cases, imaging with the educated cells showed concentrations of radioactivity at sites that correlated positively with clinically detectable metastatic tumor. By contrast, only one instance of positive uptake was seen with the LAK cells. Other than slight fever in three cases, infusions of labelled PBL were well tolerated. Educated lymphocytes were cytotoxic against autologous tumor cells and the cytotoxic reactivities of the educated cells were maintained in continuous culture in IL-2 for 4–6 weeks. Evidence of accumulation of radiolabelled educated autologous cells at a significantly higher frequency than that of the LAK cells suggests that in vitro expanded educated PBL might be better candidates for radioimmunodetection of human cancer, and continuous cultures of such educated autologous PBL might be sources for repeated administration of these effector cells.
Appreciation: individual differences in finding value and meaning as a unique predictor of subjective well-being.

Adler (2002; Adler & Fagley, 2001) argued that being appreciative facilitates and enhances feelings of well-being and life satisfaction, as well as feelings of connection to what we have, to what we experience, and to life itself. In addition, expressing appreciation to others is believed to build social bonds. Although appreciation is viewed as a disposition, it is also viewed as something people can learn over time, making it an especially valuable construct to measure. Appreciating something (e.g. an event, a person, a behavior, an object) involves noticing and acknowledging its value and meaning and feeling a positive emotional connection to it. We defined eight aspects of appreciation and developed scales to measure them: a focus on what one has (“Have” Focus), Awe, Ritual, Present Moment, Self/Social Comparison, Gratitude, Loss/Adversity, Interpersonal. Scores on the subscales may be totaled to yield a score representing one's overall degree of appreciation (or level of appreciativeness) (coefficient alpha=.94). We also developed an 18-item short form (coefficient alpha=.91) that correlates .95 with scores on the long form. The scales correlated in predicted ways with measures of life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. More importantly, appreciation was significantly related to life satisfaction and positive affect, even after the effects of optimism, spirituality, and emotional self-awareness had been statistically controlled.
Outcome Assessment of an Antipsychotic Drug Algorithm: Effects of the Mississippi State Hospital Algorithm Project

Objective:This study evaluated a state psychiatric hospital's algorithm for prescribing antipsychotic drugs for inpatients with schizophrenia to determine whether its emphasis on cost efficiency is compatible with quality of care. Methods:Outcomes were compared for patients who received medication that was algorithm adherent or nonadherent. Risperidone and ziprasidone were first-step oral antipsychotics. Documentation of clinical rationale was acceptable for nonpreferred drug use. Outcomes of interest were length of hospitalization and “much improved” or “very much improved” status on the Clinical Global Impression severity scale (CGI-S). Results:Of 401 patients, 70% were male. The CGI-S modal rating of severity was “markedly ill.” Duration of illness was longer for patients given algorithm-nonadherent (17.6±9.7 years) versus -adherent (14.9±11.6 years, p=.013) medication. No statistically significant between-group differences were observed for mean length of stay (51.4±35.5 days versus 43.8±27.4 days, ad...
On Certain Assumptions Underlying Contemporary Educational Practices

Education is one of the most important services a culture can provide for its citizens, yet certain of the educational practices in our contemporary culture are predicated on mentalistic and ultimately counterproductive assumptions about (a) the nature of students' intellectual skills and (b) the process called learning as it applies to the classroom. Behavior analysis has its own set of assumptions about educational matters based on its view of verbal behavior, particularly concerning equivalence relations.
The reincarnation of the effective schools research: rethinking the literature on district effectiveness

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the district effectiveness literature. It begins by summarizing the school effectiveness research, the correlates of effective schools, and the conceptual and methodological characteristics of this field. It then describes the findings from a review of 50 studies of district effectiveness, the most frequently identified correlates of effective districts, and the conceptual and methodological features of this research. From there, it compares and contrasts the two fields, paying attention to the ways in which they frame notions of success, purposes of education, the contextualized nature of school performance, and theoretical explanations for student success.Design/methodology/approach – Data sources for this literature review included 50 primary documents on district effectiveness. The studies were bound to those that presented the original results from investigations of the relationship between district‐level policies, routines, behaviors, or other charac...
p16 expression in sentinel nodes with metastatic breast carcinoma: Evaluation of its role in developing triaging strategies for axillary node dissection and a marker of poor prognosis

Not all patients with metastatic breast carcinoma (MBC) in a sentinel lymph node (SLN) have metastasis in additional axillary nodes (ANs). A biological marker that can predict this occurrence may be beneficial in triaging only appropriate patients for AN dissection (AND). Our aim was to study p16 expression in SLNs and to determine whether it is a predictor of metastases to additional ANs and a marker of poor prognosis. We correlated p16 expression in SLNs and ANs of 54 patients with MBC with clinicopathologic features and the nodal proliferative index (PI). We sequenced p16 from DNA in 7 cases. We found that 35 of 54 cases (65%) had p16-positive tumor cells. Nine of 17 (53%) cases in which both SLN and AND were done had MBC in additional ANs. The SLNs of 8 of 9 cases (89%) were p16 positive (73% positive predictive value). Eight of 17 (47%) cases had no metastases in ANs even though their SLNs had metastases. The SLNs of 5 of 8 (62.5%) of these cases were p16 negative (83% negative predictive value). Ductal MBCs were p16 positive in 27 of 37 cases (73%). Carcinomas with a lobular component were p16 negative in 9 of 11 cases (82%). Nine of 12 (75%) p16-negative ductal carcinomas were estrogen receptor (ER) positive. Some 75% of T2 and T3 tumors were p16 positive, compared with 50% of T1 tumors. The highest PI (defined as > or =50%) was seen in p16-positive SLNs (5 of 6 cases). The p16 DNA sequence was normal, and no mutations were found. Our findings indicate that p16 expression in SLNs with MBC predicts (1) increased likelihood of metastasis in additional ANS, and its expression along with other markers and clinicopathologic parameters may serve as an indicator for proceeding to a formal AND; (2) poor prognosis and is associated with larger primary tumors with a high nodal PI and ER-negative status; and (3) histological subtypes. Gene mutations were not responsible for the expression of p16 in our cases.
Modeling Network Impact in Area Surrounding Activity Center Caused by Special Events

Although many traffic prediction models have been studied, much of the existing research considers traffic congestion primarily caused by construction and incidents. An effort to assess the impact of special events (ballgames, parades, conventions, etc.) in an urban area is needed. In this paper, a prototype model for traffic analysis under special events is proposed and tested. Unlike hydrodynamic modeling or the conventional microscopic approach by vehicle tracking, this model tries to decompose the overall system impact into the spatial effect of the special event network (SE network) and the temporal effect of the eventgenerated traffic. The model formulation is shown to possess a unique, physically meaningful solution to the underlying engineering problem. Using systemwide field data for model calibration, preliminary tests have shown encouraging results in predicting traffic impact on SE networks. Although further testing and improvement is needed, the proposed modeling approach has demonstrated its...
Neutron diffraction and x-ray resonant exchange-scattering studies of the zero-field magnetic structures of TbNi 2 Ge 2

The zero-field magnetic structures of the rare-earth intermetallic compound ${\mathrm{TbNi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{2}$ have been determined using conventional magnetic neutron diffraction and high-resolution x-ray resonant exchange scattering techniques. There are two distinct magnetic phase transitions in this material: one is from the high-temperature paramagnetic state to a long period antiferromagnetic phase at the N\'eel temperature ${(T}_{N}=16.8 \mathrm{K}),$ and the other is at a lower temperature ${(T}_{t}=9.3 \mathrm{K}),$ where the system locks into a commensurate phase. The structure above ${T}_{t}$ is described by a longitudinal, amplitude modulated, sinusoidal wave with propagation vector ${\mathit{\ensuremath{\tau}}}_{1}\ensuremath{\approx}(000.758\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.002)$ in reciprocal-lattice units (r.l.u.). As the temperature is lowered below ${T}_{t},$ ${\mathit{\ensuremath{\tau}}}_{1}$ locks at $(0 0 \frac{3}{4})$ and additional magnetic Bragg reflections corresponding to ${\mathit{\ensuremath{\tau}}}_{2}=(\frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} 0)$ and ${\mathit{\ensuremath{\tau}}}_{3}=(\frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2})$ develop. A weak modulation ${\mathit{\ensuremath{\tau}}}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}=(0 0 \frac{1}{4}),$ related to ${\mathit{\ensuremath{\tau}}}_{1}$ also appears indicating a squaring-up of the low-temperature structure. In this equal moment structure all Tb moments have the saturation value of ${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{s}=9.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\mathrm{B}}.$ Both the phases are uniaxial with Tb moments parallel to the $\mathbf{c}^$ axis of the tetragonal unit cell.
The Li(f)e of the Self: Missing Persons and Auto/Archeological Excavations

This article describes and enacts a process of autobiographical inquiry, auto/archeology, which seeks to address problematic confluences of memory and identity in reconstructing one's historical narrative. Drawing on curriculum theory and Lacanian psychoanalysis, the author describes a process of excavation in which understandings of a prior selfhood are created via interactions with previously created artifacts—a creative non-fiction essay, in this case. The analysis of this essay, and the resulting reconstitution of a personal history, as well as its enduring effects on the author's present life and work, are provided as an example of how this process might be enacted as a technology for self-study, a pedagogical experience, and an exploration of the desirous nature of identity.
The ambulatory surgery unit as a learning experience.

ABSTRACT Today's graduate nurses are expected to enter the work environment at increased levels of competence. Skills are expected to be ingrained, and health care administrators expect new graduates to be able to think critically. Nurse educators often are looking for new and creative ways to educate students. The ambulatory surgery setting can provide a plethora of clinical tasks and situations that teach students how to gather information, make judgments, prioritize, handle multiple demands and patients, and perform clinical skills quickly and efficiently. This article describes a pilot project in which eight nursing students learned valuable clinical and critical thinking skills in the fast-paced world of ambulatory care. AORN J (Nov 1999) 782-790.
Assessment and treatment of destructive behavior maintained by stereotypic object manipulation

In the current investigation, 2 participants with mental retardation displayed property destruction and stereotypy, and both responses involved the same materials (e.g., breaking and tapping plastic objects). Three experiments were conducted (a) to indirectly assess the functions of these two responses, (b) to determine their relation to one another, and (c) to develop a treatment to reduce the more serious behavior, property destruction. In Experiment 1, previously destroyed materials were either present or absent, and their presence reduced property destruction but not stereotypy. In Experiment 2, matched toys (ones that produced sensory stimulation similar to stereotypy) were either present or absent, or were replaced by unmatched toys (for 1 participant). Matched toys produced large reductions and unmatched toys produced small reductions in property destruction and stereotypy. In Experiment 3, attempts to pick up undestroyed objects were either blocked or not blocked while matched toys were continuously available. Response blocking reduced property destruction (and attempts), prevented stereotypy, and increased manipulation of matched toys. These results suggest that the two aberrant responses formed a chain (e.g., breaking and then tapping the object), which was maintained by the sensory consequences (e.g., auditory stimulation) of the terminal response, and that previously destroyed material or matched toys made the initial response (property destruction) unnecessary.
Processing subject-verb agreement in a second language depends on proficiency

Subject–verb agreement is a computation that is often difficult to execute perfectly in the first language (L1) and even more difficult to produce skillfully in a second language (L2). In this study, we examine the way in which bilingual speakers complete sentence fragments in a manner that reflects access to both grammatical and conceptual number. In two experiments, we show that bilingual speakers are sensitive to both grammatical and conceptual number in the L1 and grammatical number agreement in the L2. However, only highly proficient bilinguals are also sensitive to conceptual number in the L2. The results suggest that the extent to which speakers are able to exploit conceptual information during speech planning depends on the level of language proficiency.
Iron redistribution and compensation mechanisms in semi‐insulating Si‐implanted InP

The Si and Fe depth distributions have been measured in Si‐implanted semi‐insulating (SI) InP as a function of implant temperature and post‐implant annealing technique (either furnace annealing or rapid thermal annealing). Depth profiles obtained by secondary ion mass spectrometry and damage measurements obtained by Rutherford backscattering demonstrate that Fe redistributes into regions of residual damage during thermal processing. The active electrical carrier profiles measured by electrochemical profiling show differences between atomic and electrical carrier profiles which depend on whether the substrate is semi‐insulating or undoped, and on the implant temperature. These differences are interpreted in terms of three different compensating mechanisms: (a) the amphoteric nature of Si impurities in InP, so that Si can be self‐compensating, (b) carrier compensation caused by the redistribution of Fe, and (c) implantation‐related damage effects and/or stoichiometry imbalance induced by the Si implant.
Abstract 4801: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from subchronic exposure to butylated-hydroxytoluene (BHT) inhibits gap junctional communication in a toll-like receptor 4-dependent manner.

Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC Subchronic dosing of BHT in mice is a well-known model used to discretely study the tumor promotion stage of lung adenocarcinoma. Using this model, we have previously shown that functional toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is protective against inflammatory sequelae and primary tumor formation in the mouse lung. Gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) has been shown to regulate the signal transduction pathways of cells, and inhibition of this communication by toxicant exposure has been linked to dysregulation and eventual carcinogenic endpoints. As part of our research on the protective nature of TLR4 during tumor promotion, we utilized the BHT subchronic model (4 weekly i.p. doses of BHT) to examine the early effects on BALF in both BALB/c (BALB; Tlr4 sufficient) and C.C3H-Tlr4Lps-d mice (BALBLps-d-d; Tlr4 mutant). Analysis of the BALF 24 hours after the final dose for protein content and cytology was indicative of an inflammatory profile in all mice treated with BHT. Magnitude of response to BHT was highest in the BALBLps-d mice; the BALB appeared resistant. In an effort to further characterize the response of the pulmonary epithelium, the BALF samples were used to treat cultured C10 cells, a murine immortalized line derived from BALB/c alveolar type II cells, which are a precursor cell type for adenocarcinoma. Using the scrape-load dye transfer assay, a well-defined method to measure GJIC, we demonstrated marked inhibition of cellular communication after a 4 hour exposure to cell-free BALF that is both treatment and strain dependent. The direction and magnitude of effect is in parallel with that of the direct analysis of the BALF, i.e. we observed more inhibition in BALF from BALBLps-d compared to BALB mice. In addition, quantitative PCR (QPCR) analysis of C10 cells exposed to cell-free BALF for 24 hours indicates alterations in the transcription patterns in genes of innate immunity that are also treatment and strain dependent. These novel findings suggest endocrine signaling from the inflammatory milieu are complicit in the inhibition of GJIC during the promotion phase of carcinogenesis. Furthermore, these data establish a link between active gap junctions, tumor promotion, and the protective nature of TLR4 in an ex vivo model which will facilitate a mechanistic examination of these protective effects at the molecular level. Funded by ACS RSG-10-162-01-LIB (AKB). Citation Format: Thomas Hill, Carla-Maria Alexander, Alison K. Bauer. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from subchronic exposure to butylated-hydroxytoluene (BHT) inhibits gap junctional communication in a toll-like receptor 4-dependent manner. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4801. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4801
Adaptive Fourier modeling for quantification of tremor

A new computational method for quantification of tremor, the weighted frequency Fourier linear combiner (WFLC), is presented. This technique rapidly determines the frequency and amplitude of tremor by adjusting its filter weights according to a gradient search method. It provides continual tracking of frequency and amplitude modulations over the course of a test. By quantifying time-varying characteristics, the WFLC assists in correctly interpreting the results of spectral analysis, particularly for recordings exhibiting multiple spectral peaks. It therefore supplements spectral analysis, providing a more accurate picture of tremor than spectral analysis alone. The method has been incorporated into a desktop tremor measurement system to provide clinically useful analysis of tremor recorded during handwriting and drawing using a digitizing tablet. Simulated data clearly demonstrate tracking of variations in frequency and amplitude. Clinical recordings then show specific examples of quantification of time-varying aspects of tremor.
Partial purification and some properties of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Eimeria stiedai (Lindemann, 1865) Kisskalt & Hartmann, 1907 (Protozoa: Coccidia).

1. 1. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase was partially purified from Eimeria stiedai via differential salt precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography. 2. 2. Preservation of activity required NADP and a thiol-protector. 3. 3. The enzyme was specific for NADP. 4. 4. The forward rate was strongly influenced by various anions and divalent cations, increased with temperature to ca. 55°C and became erratic before declining at 60°C. Buffer composition strongly influenced the temperature effects. 5. 5. NADP at 1 mM conferred partial protection against thermal inactivation. 6. 6. The enzyme was unstable below pH 6.0, and the rate as a function of pH varied according to the buffer.
Need associations to acquisition modes, education, and adjustment.

3 primary modes of acquisition were defined as the achievement, aggression, and succorance needs of the Murray need system. Picture Identification Test need associations of these acquisition modes were analyzed for 12 male groups differing in education and/or adjustment. Application of t tests to discriminate the 12 groups with 57 need-association variables produced a 5:1 ratio of obtained to chance expected ts (p < .05). Of the 57 variables 51 had significant F ratios (p = .05) for between-within groups variance from a discriminant analysis of the same data. These results indicated that acquisition need association indices are related to personal adjustment and educational achievement.
Airborne laser altimeter measurements of landscape topography

Abstract Measurements of topography can provide a wealth of information on landscape properties for managing hydrologic and geologic systems and conserving natural and agricultural resources. This article discusses the application of an airborne laser altimeter to measure topography and other landscape surface properties. The airborne laser altimeter makes 4000 measurements per second with a vertical recording resolution of 5 cm. Data are collected digitally with a personal computer. A video camera, borehole sighted with the laser, records an image for locating flight lines. GPS data are used to locate flight line positions on the landscape. Laser data were used to measure vegetation canopy topography, height, cover, and distribution and to measure microtopography of the land surface and gullies with depths of 15–20 cm. Macrotopography of landscape profiles for segments up to 4 km were in agreement with available topographic maps but provided more detail. Larger gullies with and without vegetation, and stream channel cross sections and their associated floodplains have also been measured and reported in other publications. Landscape segments for any length could be measured for either micro- or macrotopography. Airborne laser altimeter measurements of landscape profiles can provide detailed information on landscape properties or specific needs that will allow better decisions on the design and location of structures (i.e., roads, pipe, and power lines) and for improving the management and conservation of natural and agricultural landscapes.
Modulation-transfer-function-enhanced readout for SPRITE detectors

A new readout structure is investigated for signal-processing-in-the-element detectors that yields a modulation transfer function that is 3.5 dB better than those currently used. Experimental verification is performed in Si rather than HgCdTe, with similarity relations derived for the two semiconductors.
Analytical model to relate DMFC material properties to optimum fuel efficiency and system size

Abstract In the design of the direct methanol fuel cell and the evaluation of new materials and their appropriateness for inclusion, it is helpful to consider the impact of material properties on the performance of a complete system: to some degree, methanol crossover losses can be mitigated by proper system design. As such, an analytical model is developed to evaluate the methanol concentration profile across the anode backing layer and membrane of the direct methanol fuel cell. The model is integrated down the anode flow channel to determine fuel utilization as a function of the feed concentration, backing layer properties, and membrane properties. A minimum stoichiometric ratio is determined based on maintaining zero-order methanol kinetics, which allows the fuel efficiency to be optimized by controlling these physical properties. This analysis is then used to estimate the required flow rates and the size of system components such as the methanol storage tank, based on the minimum methanol flow rate that those components must produce to deliver a specified current; in this way, the system-level benefits of reduced membrane crossover can be evaluated.
Occupational narratives and the therapeutic process

Clients’ occupational narratives reveal the overall meaning of life events, signifying their place in a plot that integrates past, present and future. Occupational narratives have also been demonstrated to predict how clients respond to therapy. A closer examination of the details of occupational narratives and how they unfold in the therapeutic context has the potential to give new insights into the experience of therapy by clients. This paper presents narratives of two clients in a vocational program for persons living with AIDS. Comparing their occupational narratives enables us to shed light on the differences between narratives that account for different client outcomes and the extent to which narratives can be impacted upon through occupational therapy intervention.
Being (Dis)Engaged in Educationally Purposeful Activities: The Influences of Student and Institutional Characteristics.

The self-reported experiences of 50,883 undergraduates at 123 institutions were analyzed using a multinomial hierarchical model to identify individual and institutional characteristics associated with varying levels of student engagement in educationally purposeful activities. Parental education and student academic preparation were positively associated with higher levels of engagement. White students were generally less engaged than students from other racial and ethnic groups whereas men were more likely to be either disengaged or highly engaged compared with women. Students at public institutions and research universities were less engaged than their counterparts at private colleges and other institutional types. Individual student perceptions of certain aspects of the institutional environment affected engagement in complicated ways.
Malignant Transformation and Antineoplastic Actions of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (Nsaids) on Cyclooxygenase-Null Embryo Fibroblasts

In this study, we use primary embryonic fibroblasts derived from cyclooxygenase-deficient transgenic embryos to further investigate the role of the two cyclooxygenases, cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), in the process of neoplastic transformation. Cells with either, neither, or both of the cyclooxygenases were transformed by Ha-ras and/or SV40. Our results show that when a cyclooxygenase enzyme is present, the transformed cells have marked increases in COX-2 and/or COX-1 expression. Nevertheless, each type of cell, deficient in either or both cyclooxygenases, can be readily transformed at almost equal efficiency. Different nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were used to examine their possible antineoplastic effects on the transformed cells, which have various levels of expression of COX-1 or COX-2. Our results show that NSAIDs suppress the colony formation in soft agar in a dosage-dependent manner in the absence of the cyclooxygenase(s). Thymidine incorporation and apoptosis analyses further demonstrate that the NSAIDs are effective in the cyclooxygenase-null cells. Our findings with cyclooxygenase knockout cells confirm recent reports that some of the antiproliferative and antineoplastic effects of NSAIDs are independent of the inhibition of either COX-1 or COX-2. They also show that transformation is independent of the status of cyclooxygenase expression, suggesting that the involvement of the cyclooxygenases in tumorigenesis may occur at later steps.
Compact Ring Resonators Using Negative-Refractive-Index Microstrip Line

A compact ring resonator using a negative-refractive-index microstrip line is presented. It is demonstrated that the ring structure resonates even with an inner diameter of zero. The total circumference of the proposed resonator is reduced by 84%, as compared to a conventional ring resonator at 1.2 GHz. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 294–295, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20799
The effects of inflationary finance on tax revenue under progressive tax regimes: An application to turkey, 1963–1982

Abstract The revenue from inflationary finance of government expenditures is enhanced because of the phenomenon of bracket-creep. Bracket-creep occurs in progressive tax systems because inflation pushes tax payers into higher tax brackets and thus increases the real tax revenue. In highly inflationary economies, the implicit revenue gain due to bracket-creep can be a significant source of revenue to the government. In the case of Turkey in 1963–1982, we find that government appropriated significant revenue due to bracket-creep, in addition to the revenue from inflationary finance.
The making of a multicultural psychiatrist

The author grew up in Goa, a unique bicultural setting on the western coast of India. Goa came under Portuguese rule in 1510 AD and remained under the Portuguese until 1961 when it became part of India. The Indian and Portuguese cultures interacted in Goa and led the Goans to create an interesting blend in which elements of both cultures were made to reconcile. The author reviews his experiences in this setting and describes how his family background, his search for roots, and his exposure to two religions, two languages, and two cultures fostered his decision to study medicine, his passion for transcultural psychiatry, and eventual pursuit of an academic career in this field in the United States. Research and reflections are presented on the impact of colonization, migration, and acculturation, and the importance of the construct of demoralization.
Benefits of Electronic Audience Response Systems on Student Participation, Learning, and Emotion:

We compared an electronic audience response system (clickers) to standard lecture, hand-raising, and response card methods of student feedback in simulated introductory psychology classes. After hearing the same 30-min psychology lecture, participants in the clicker group had the highest classroom participation, followed by the response card group, both of which were significantly higher than the hand-raising group. Participants in the clicker group also reported greater positive emotion during the lecture and were more likely to respond honestly to in-class review questions.
The impact of ultrashort femtosecond pulse-shaping technology for micromachining

Ultrashort laser pulses improve micromachining but they suffer significant phase distortions when focused by microscope objectives. Breakthrough technology to correct high order phase distortions is used to improve the machining characteristics of metals and semiconductors.
Energy-aware, collaborative tracking with ad-hoc wireless sensor networks

An energy aware, collaborative, tracking algorithm is proposed for ad-hoc wireless sensor networks consisting of randomly distributed low-end sensors and a high-end data gathering node which is assumed to be located at the center of each cluster. The collaborative tracking algorithm is implemented distributively by passing sensing and computation operations from one cluster to another based on an energy-based cost function that attempts to maximize the whole network lifetime. The performance of the proposed collaborative algorithm is evaluated in terms of both tracking error and energy consumption of the whole network. Simulation based performance results for both single and multiple simultaneously active sensors are also presented.
Implementation alternatives for dual rate control systems with command shaping

A practical architecture for implementing motion control on complex machines is to generate the desired trajectory for all axes on a central computer (PC) at a modest sampling rate, and transmit the desired trajectory to individual axis controllers. This local controller closes an inner feedback loop at a higher sampling rate. If command shaping in the form of Optimal Arbitrary Time-delay (OAT) filtering is to be employed in these architectures to reduce vibration, it can be applied at the central computer or at the axis controller. This paper analyzes these alternatives and how they can be implemented.
Teaching a multicultural perspective in software engineering

Globalization of thought refers to the development of ideas and judgments to accurately account for multiculturalism. Within software engineering, it is important that students understand that when planning a product, designers must keep the scope of the project in mind. Many products have a worldwide effect; product planning must take into account the needs, desires, and cultural mores of societies that will be impacted. In the globalization lecture delivered within undergraduate software engineering courses, the students were prompted with different discussion questions involving products that were successful in the American market, yet failed in a foreign market. Students thought mainly of politically correct rationale as a means of explaining why the products were not globally successful. While the students began to develop an understanding of what globalization meant and its effect on product design during the lecture, afterwards they failed to incorporate this knowledge into their subsequent software designs. To help students develop an appropriate understanding, the pedagological theory of backward design was used to develop a curriculum that helped pupils build an understanding of multiculturalism and apply it to product design.
Aging in Healthy Men Impairs Recombinant Human Luteinizing Hormone (LH)-Stimulated Testosterone Secretion Monitored under a Two-Day Intravenous Pulsatile LH Clamp

Context: Testosterone (Te) depletion in aging men in principle could reflect deficits in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, or testis. Available pharmacological studies of possible failure of Leydig cell steroidogenesis remain inconclusive. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess Te secretion in older and young men in response to near physiological LH stimulation. Intervention: Pulsatile iv infusion of recombinant human LH was administered for 2 d to stimulate Te secretion during suppression of endogenous LH concentrations with a potent selective GnRH receptor antagonist (ganirelix). Subjects/Context: Healthy older (aged 60–73 yr, n = 8) and young (19–30 yr, n = 13) men were studied in an academic setting. Measures: Pulsatile LH and Te concentrations on the second day of exogenous LH stimulation were measured. Results: Serum ganirelix concentrations and infused LH pulse increments were similar by age. In contrast, older subjects manifested: 1) reduced mean Te concentrations (P = 0.016), Te pea...
The thyroxine-like action of elemental iodine in the rat and chick.

THE in vitro formation of iodinated proteins, which have thyroidal activity when administered to birds and mammals, has been the subject of numerous investigations (Abelin and Florin, 1933; Abelin, 1934; Abelin, 1936; Abelin and Neftel,” 1938; Reinecke, Williamson and Turner, 1942; Salter, 1944). Iodination of albumin was shown to yield 3–5 diiodotyrosine by Oswald in 1911. This was confirmed by Ludwig and von Mutzenbecker in 1939, who also succeeded in isolating thyroxine from iodinated casein, albumin, globulin, fibroin and edestin. The isolation of thyroxine from iodinated proteins was confirmed by Harington and Pitt-Rivers in 1939, and Reinecke and Turner in 1943. Thyroxine was also recovered by the in vitro incubation of diiodotyrosine in sodium hydroxide by von Mutzenbecker in 1939, and by Block in 1940. The in vivo administration of elemental iodine (I2)2 via parenteral routes induces metamorphosis in the axolotl (Hirschler, 1922; Abelin, 1927; Blacher and Belkin, 1927; Ingram, 1929), even after th...
Robust Image Denoising with Multi-Column Deep Neural Networks

Stacked sparse denoising auto-encoders (SSDAs) have recently been shown to be successful at removing noise from corrupted images. However, like most denoising techniques, the SSDA is not robust to variation in noise types beyond what it has seen during training. We present the multi-column stacked sparse denoising autoencoder, a novel technique of combining multiple SSDAs into a multi-column SSDA (MC-SSDA) by combining the outputs of each SSDA. We eliminate the need to determine the type of noise, let alone its statistics, at test time. We show that good denoising performance can be achieved with a single system on a variety of different noise types, including ones not seen in the training set. Additionally, we experimentally demonstrate the efficacy of MC-SSDA denoising by achieving MNIST digit error rates on denoised images at close to that of the uncorrupted images.