cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Oriental fruit moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) phenology and management with methoxyfenozide in North Carolina apples.

The phenology of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), on apple (Malus spp.) in North Carolina was studied using pheromone traps and egg sampling in abandoned and commercial orchards in 2000 and 2001, with subsequent development of an oviposition degree-day model and management studies in relation to codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), phenology. Oriental fruit moth eggs were found in greater numbers on leaves early and on fruit later in the growing season, on the top versus the bottom of the leaf surface, and on the calyx area versus the side or stem end of the fruit. A degree-day (DD) model to predict oriental fruit moth oviposition was developed based on temperature accumulations from peak moth trap capture of the first (overwintering) generation, by using 7.2 and 32.2°C as the temperature limits. The model predicted four ovipositing generations of oriental fruit moth with the second beginning 507 DD after peak moth catch. Using predictions of the oriental fruit moth and codling moth degree-day oviposition models, an experiment was conducted to determine the level of second generation oriental fruit moth control with methoxyfenozide applied under different scenarios for first generation codling moth. Methoxyfenozide was equally effective in managing codling moth and oriental fruit moth for all treatment timings.
Pain of Labor and Delivery

Labor and delivery are complex processes resulting in the expulsion of the fetus and placenta from the mother. The cause of the onset of labor is unknown. Factors such as increased prostaglandin production, an increase in oxytocin receptors, and increased myometrial gap junction formation have been postulated as the causes of onset of labor.
Colloid Formation Study of U, Th, Ra, Pb, Po, Sr, Rb, and Cs in Briny (High Ionic Strength) Groundwaters: Analog Study for Waste Disposal

Colloid formation of uranium, thorium, radium, lead, polonium, strontium, rubidium, and cesium in briny (high ionic strength) groundwaters is studied to predict their capability as vectors for tran...
How Not to Work and Play with Others: An Updated Taxonomy of Dysfunctional Individual Behaviors in Groups

Much of what we do in today's organizations involves working collectively in groups or teams. Certain individual behaviors hinder this effort. In this article, the author proposes a taxonomy of dysfunctional individual group member behaviors that is informed by the much-cited list of self-serving behaviors proposed by Benne and Sheats in 1948. This taxonomy identifies six individual dysfunctional behaviors using the categories of personal relating, power, and performance.
Population Levels of Tarnished Plant Bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae) and Beneficial Arthropods Following Early-Season Treatments of Geranium dissectum for Control of Bollworms and Tobacco Budworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Wild geranium, Geranium dissectum L., was treated between late March and early April to control the F1 larval generation of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), and bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Treatments were a single mowing, a single application of the herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D), four applications of Heliothis nuclear-polyhedrosis virus (Elcar) formulated with Bacillus thuringiensis (Thuricide) and Gustol (a feeding stimulant), and an untreated check. Tarnished plant bugs, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) and beneficial arthropods were sampled weekly during a 7-wk period to determine effects of the treatments on their numbers. The Elcar (virus) treatment had no significant effect on numbers of beneficial arthropods or L. lineolaris. Beneficial arthropod numbers were reduced by the mowing and 2,4-D treatments by an average 56.5 and 45.6% (as compared with those in the untreated check), respectively. Tarnished plant bug numbers were reduced by an average 40.5% for adults and 78.8% for nymphs by the mowing treatment, while reductions averaged 65.3% for adults and 72.9% for nymphs after the 2,4-D treatment. The effectiveness of mowing and 2,4-D treatment in reducing numbers of L. lineolaris , along with their previously reported effectiveness against F1 larvae of H. virescens and H. zea found in G. dissectum , make these treatments potentially valuable control options for the three pests during the early season before their movement into cotton.
Atomic Displacive Disorder in Bi2Ti2O7

The recently synthesized cubic pyrochlore Bi2Ti2O7 has been shown to possess displacive disorder in both the anion and cation sublattices. Here, the nature and characteristics of the displacive disorder are further investigated via vibrational spectroscopy. The infrared reflectance was measured over 30–3300 cm–1 at temperatures between 20 and 300 K, while the Raman spectra were collected from 50 to 3500 cm–1 at room temperature. It is found that Bi2Ti2O7 exhibits more than the six modes expected in the Raman spectrum for the ideal pyrochlore structure. In addition, infrared-active modes are also present in the Raman spectra. These two results suggest displacements in the atomic positions of bismuth and oxygen away from their higher symmetry conventional pyrochlore Wyckoff positions and are strong and surprising evidence of disorder at the titanium site. Infrared-active phonon modes have been assigned to specific bending and stretching vibrational modes. The effect of the Bi ion on the O–Bi–O and O′–Bi–O′ ...
Manipulation of optical-pulse-imprinted memory in a Λ system

We examine coherent memory manipulation in a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$-type medium, using the second-order solution presented by Groves, Clader, and Eberly [J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 46, 224005 (2013)] as a guide. The analytical solution obtained using the Darboux transformation and a nonlinear superposition principle describes complicated soliton-pulse dynamics which, by an appropriate choice of parameters, can be simplified to a well-defined sequence of pulses interacting with the medium. In this report, this solution is reviewed and put to test by means of a series of numerical simulations, encompassing all the parameter space and adding the effects of homogeneous broadening due to spontaneous emission. We find that even though the decohered results deviate from the analytical prediction they do follow a similar trend that could be used as a guide for future experiments.
The Impacts of Family Background on the Transition from University to Work:An Empirical Study in China

This study examines how the family characteristics influence the transition from university to work by econometrics models,and focuses on the strategy in several terms:finding a job,first job pay,the type of job,and choice for further education.The analysis was carried out by using data from a survey of 47 Chinese universities in 2009.The results are generally consistent with other studies.However,the results show that graduates who are ethnic minorities are better paid in their first job,graduates from wealthy families in cities have some advantages in the job market,and parents who have higher positions can give their children more help in the job market.
Trauma as ideology: Accountability in the “intractable conflict”

This paper explores several paradigmatic approaches to understanding the causes of the intractability of the Israeli/Palestinian conflict. It elaborates a perspective that illuminates how the traumatic histories of both peoples construct a victim state of mind, whose paranoid schizoid mechanisms are exacerbated by the ongoing traumatogenic environment of violence and war, thus foreclosing capacities for peacemaking. After critiquing the trauma paradigm’s assumptions of psychological symmetry and shared responsibility for the conflict, the paper develops an alternative social psychoanalytic model that situates the unconscious processes produced by trauma within the specificities of history, large group identity, ideological hegemony and power hierarchies that shape the psychological experience of both peoples and account for the complex systemic asymmetries that impede the possibilities for a just reconciliation of their tragic conflict.
Risk factors for self-report of not receiving an HIV test among adolescents in NYC with a history of sexual intercourse, 2013 YRBS

ABSTRACTThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has previously recommended that all adolescents undergo HIV testing in the United States (US). Despite these recommendations, national HIV testing among US adolescents has remained low. This study estimated the prevalence of and identified risk factors for not receiving an HIV test among adolescents with a history of sexual intercourse in New York City (NYC), an urban area that has been greatly impacted by the HIV epidemic. Cross-sectional data on 1199 NYC high school students who completed the 2013 NYC Youth Risk Behavior Survey were used. Modified Poisson regression models were used to assess whether demographic factors, alcohol/drug use and sexual behaviors were associated with self-report of lack of HIV testing. In the weighted study population, about 72% were ≥16 years old, approximately 35% were African-American and nearly half were male. Sixty percent reported no history of HIV testing. In adjusted analyses, younger age, male gender, White race...
Narrowband MEMS resonant infrared detectors based on ultrathin perfect plasmonic absorbers

This paper reports on the demonstration of narrowband uncooled microelectromechanical resonant infrared detectors based on ultrathin perfect plasmonic absorbers. The integration of a deeply subwavelength thin (230 nm) plasmonic absorber on a piezoelectric nano plate (480 nm) enables a near perfect and narrowband absorption of mid-wavelength infrared radiation (∼92% at 4.7 μm with a full width at half maximum ∼800 nm) in an ultralow volume resonant thermal detector. The excellent thermal isolation (∼2.4×105 K/W) and the high electromechanical performance of the resonant thermal detector (quality factor, Q∼1527 and electromechanical coupling coefficient kt2 ∼1.74%) guarantee the achievement of high sensitivity and a low noise performance, resulting in the demonstration of a high resolution (noise equivalent power ∼633 pW/Hz12) narrowband infrared detectors suitable for infrared spectroscopy and multispectral imaging system.
LEEDER, Elaine. THE FAMILY IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE: A GENDERED JOURNEY

LEEDER, Elaine. THE FAMILY IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE: A GENDERED JOURNEY. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2004. 305pages, soft cover $43.95.Introductory family textbooks often seem to have been written with the goal of being as much as possible like most other introductory family textbooks. The Leeder book, although it deals with standard topics for introductory family courses, offers a gendered, global perspective that provides much that is fresh, new, and stimulating. It is interesting and teachable and opens up many valuable pedagogical possibilities.The book is rich in discussions of gender intersecting with family. One can read in it about patriarchy, violence against women, gender selective abortion and infanticide, gender differences in domestic workload, gender differences in pay, women as victims in war, rape, gender in old age, gender and sibling relationships, and much more. The book advocates a critical consciousness and provides basic ideas of standpoint theory, feminist theory, and conflict theory in order to illuminate gender, class, race, ethnicity, and other diversity issues in relationship to families.The book offers much information about global diversity in family experience. It is a great strength of the book that students can read about divorce, adolescence, domestic violence, intergenerational relationships, weddings, marriage, parenting, and many other issues in the context of other cultures and countries. The book provides a healthy sense of how diverse humankind is and yet also how there is a core that humankind has in common. Also, the book provides an excellent explanation of cultural relativism, so readers are helped to appreciate global differences in families in the context of global differences in meanings and morality.Another strength of the book is that it explores the powerful forces for globalization that impact families everywhere. This is an introductory family textbook that explores how international corporations, global capitalism, power differentials within societies, the International Monetary Fund, the World Trade Organization, and global changes in trade regulations have an enormous impact on families around the world. As part of this, Leeder develops and applies Wallerstein's global systems theory, showing how for several centuries, through warfare, colonization, imposed trade systems, the application of economic power differentials, and post-colonial institutions and alliances, the world is organized to benefit the richest nations and what this means for families. …
Electric currents, bone remodeling, and orthodontic tooth movement. II. Increase in rate of tooth movement and periodontal cyclic nucleotide levels by combined force and electric current

Piezoelectric currents in mechanically stressed bone were implicated in the activation of bone cells. The objectives of this experiment were to determine the usefulness of exogenous electric currents in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement and to study the effect of electric-orthodontic treatment on periodontal cyclic nucleotides. Maxillary canines were tipped in five cats by 80 g force. Two groups of five cats each were treated by an electric-orthodontic procedure to one maxillary canine for 7 and 14 days, respectively. Teeth treated by force and electricity moved significantly faster than those treated by force alone. Enhanced bone resorption was observed near the anode (PDL compression site), while bone formation was pronounced near the cathode (PDL tension site). Staining for cyclic nucleotides was increased when electric stimulation was added to the mechanical force. These results suggest that orthodontic tooth movement may be accelerated by the use of locally applied electric currents.
Disulfides and Polysulfides

Disulfides and polysulfides have the structure R1SSnR2, in which chains of sulfur atoms are terminated by two groups that may be the same, different, or connected in a ring. Chapter 7 considers only substances where the S-R bond involves a carbon linkage; a review is available of structures such as ROSnOR and R2NSnNR2) Disulfides (n = 1) and their oxidation products are by far the most important subclass, but trisulfides and higher sulfides have received much attention. This chapter discusses these bivalent sulfur compounds, with some attention to their oxidation products.
Clinical documentation variations and NLP system portability: a case study in asthma birth cohorts across institutions.

OBJECTIVE To assess clinical documentation variations across health care institutions using different electronic medical record systems and investigate how they affect natural language processing (NLP) system portability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Birth cohorts from Mayo Clinic and Sanford Children's Hospital (SCH) were used in this study (n = 298 for each). Documentation variations regarding asthma between the 2 cohorts were examined in various aspects: (1) overall corpus at the word level (ie, lexical variation), (2) topics and asthma-related concepts (ie, semantic variation), and (3) clinical note types (ie, process variation). We compared those statistics and explored NLP system portability for asthma ascertainment in 2 stages: prototype and refinement. RESULTS There exist notable lexical variations (word-level similarity = 0.669) and process variations (differences in major note types containing asthma-related concepts). However, semantic-level corpora were relatively homogeneous (topic similarity = 0.944, asthma-related concept similarity = 0.971). The NLP system for asthma ascertainment had an F-score of 0.937 at Mayo, and produced 0.813 (prototype) and 0.908 (refinement) when applied at SCH. DISCUSSION The criteria for asthma ascertainment are largely dependent on asthma-related concepts. Therefore, we believe that semantic similarity is important to estimate NLP system portability. As the Mayo Clinic and SCH corpora were relatively homogeneous at a semantic level, the NLP system, developed at Mayo Clinic, was imported to SCH successfully with proper adjustments to deal with the intrinsic corpus heterogeneity.
Reduction in Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections Correlated With the Introduction of a Novel Silver-Plated Dressing for Central Venous Catheters and Maintained for 6 Years

Objective:To assess a novel silver-plated dressing (SD) for central venous catheters in comparison to chlorhexidine gluconate–impregnated sponge (CHGIS) dressings in preventing central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients.Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:Tampa General Hospital, an academic medical tertiary care center.Patients:All adult ICU patients of an academic medical tertiary care center from January 2009 to December 2010.Measurements and Main Results:A total of 3189 patient records were studied from 7 different ICUs during the 2-year period. Patients received either CHGIS dressings (January 2009-December 2009) or SDs (January 2010-December 2010). Primary outcomes measured were CLABSI rates per 1000 catheter days and ICU length of stay. There were 30 696 catheter days with CHGIS dressings and 31 319 catheter days with SDs. There was a statistically significant decrease in the rate of CLABSI per 1000 catheter days in the SD group, from 2...
Fast and direct analysis of Cr, Cd and Pb in brown sugar by GF AAS.

Abstract A simple and fast analytical method for the determination of Cr, Pb and Cd in brown sugar by GF AAS using slurry sampling was developed and in house validated for the first time. Analytical curves were prepared by external standardization for Cr, and by matrix simulation for Pb and Cd and they were linear. Low limits of quantification for Cr (32.8 ng g−1), Pb (49.3 ng g−1) and Cd (4.5 ng g−1) were found. Repeatability and intermediate precision estimates (
Mechanisms of Complement Activation in Malaria

Activation of the classical pathway of complement, mediated by immune complexes, is very well-documented in malaria. In addition, several of the breakdown products that are produced upon rupture of malaria-infected erythrocytes, including hemin and the digestive vacuole, activate the alternative pathway of complement. Evidence for complement activation in malaria includes reduction in serum titers of total complement hemolytic activity and of individual complement components as well as increases in soluble complement activation products in the serum. In addition, C3 activation fragments have been demonstrated to be covalently bound to both infected and uninfected erythrocytes under a variety of conditions in malaria, thus leading to the extravascular clearance of erythrocytes to the spleen. This erythrocyte opsonization reaction, mediated by both the classical and alternative pathways of complement, may be additionally amplified in severe cases of malaria complicated by acidosis due to increased activation of the alternative pathway of complement.
"If the Problem Persists, Come Back to See Me": An Empirical Study of Clinical Negligence Cases against General Practitioners

The law of negligence, as it applies to General Practitioners (GPs), is underexplored in the literature. There has been no substantial research undertaken that has penetrated deeper into claims that have actually reached court in order to analyse judicial reasoning pertaining to both breach of duty and causation. Given the increased pressures that GPs now face, these are important questions to consider. It is against this backdrop that this article seeks to present the findings of an empirical investigation into a number of reported clinical negligence claims brought against GPs. This analysis provides an original contribution to the developing academic discussion surrounding the changing nature of the doctor-patient relationship, and how it has come to be viewed in the eyes of the law. It also assesses the extent to which judges have become more receptive to protecting patient rights through the law of negligence, engaging in the expanding discourse concerning judicial deference to medical decision-making. It is argued that judges should sometimes show a greater propensity to question expert medical testimony in support of GPs, because some of the issues GPs typically face are less complex than in other clinical negligence cases involving technical areas of medicine, and that causation does not appear to be such a key factor in defeating patient claims. The work also provides useful guidance for GPs and their advisers in respect of where liability is most likely to be founded and how behaviour can be modified accordingly to reduce the chances of being sued.
Moving CNN Accelerator Computations Closer to Data

A significant fraction of energy in recent CNN accelerators is dissipated in moving operands between storage and compute units. In this work, we re-purpose the CPU's last level cache to perform in-situ dot-product computations, thus significantly reducing data movement. Since a last level cache has several subarrays, many such dot-products can be performed in parallel, thus boosting throughput as well. The in-situ operation does not require analog circuits; it is performed with a bit-wise AND of two subarray rows, followed by digital aggregation of partial sums. The proposed architecture yields a 2.74× improvement in throughput and a 6.31× improvement in energy, relative to a DaDianNao baseline. This is primarily because the proposed architecture eliminates a large fraction of data transfers over H-Tree interconnects in the cache.
Leave It to Weaver

Malware authors make use of several techniques to obfuscate code from reverse engineering tools such as IdaPro. Typically, these techniques tend to be effective for about three to six instructions, but eventually the tools can properly disassemble the remaining code once the tool is again synchronized with the operation codes. But this loss of synchronization can be used to hide information within the instructions -- steganography. Our research explores an approach to this by presenting "Weaver", a framework for executable steganography. "Weaver" differs from other techniques in how it hides malicious instructions: the hiding instructions are prepared by generating an assembly listing of the program and finding candidate hiding locations, the steganography instructions are prepared by creating an assembly listing of the program to obtain the operation codes to be hidden, and the "weaving" process merges the two. This "weaving" attempts to place all the steganography instructions into candidate locations found in the hiding instructions.
Impact of Instructional Alignment Workshop on Teachers’ Experience with and Beliefs on State Standards

In a school district in Florida, student performance from 2011 to 2017 had been inconsistent from year to year across all grade levels, as measured by the stateâ€™s standardized assessments. Instructional misalignment to state standards is deemed a significant cause. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which teachersâ€™ experiences were affected and beliefs about instructional alignment changed after they receive a professional development workshop on instructional alignment. The professional development was expected to expand teachersâ€™ understanding of (a) lesson plan alignment, (b) the value of alignment between state standards and the standardized assessment and instruction, and (c) the best instructional practices that can be aligned with the state standards. Designing a professional development program on instructional alignment and utilizing cross-sectional surveys to obtain changes on 41 teachersâ€™ perceptions before and after the training, results indicated that the professional development workshop has a positive impact on teachers' experiences and beliefs on aligning instructions with state standards. Given this, more schools especially in Florida, are recommended to implement professional development programs to aid teachers in designing their lesson plans to make sure that the instructional practices they will engage in, as well as the tests they will give, are aligned with state standard. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.18.1.8
Dementia Informal Caregiving in Latinos: What Does the Qualitative Literature Tell Us?

In the next few decades, the number of older Latinos with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias will increase dramatically. Latino families, who provide a substantial amount of caregiving in the home for kin with degenerative brain disease, will face the challenges of care provision at a time when intergenerational support is changing. The goal of this study was to systematically review the qualitative literature on caregiving of Latinos with ADRD in order to identify key themes and opportunities to advance the field. We found that sociocultural context and processes are fundamental in our understanding of informal caregiving for dementia in Latinos. The literature has provided descriptions of the experience of Latino caregivers (e.g. costs, burden, and rewards) as well as their views and knowledge of the disease. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding how we evaluate Latino caregivers’ perceptions against their actual behavior. A gap also exists in the lack of longitudinal research (both quantitative and qualitative) in order to identify changes over time, pivotal events, and causal pathways shaping the ADRD Latino caregiver trajectory. This is important in advancing research to address those gaps and in translating the existing knowledge into meaningful policy and intervention work.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct intervention and pancreaticogastrostomy using a novel cross-platform technique with small-caliber devices

Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) has been used as an alternative to surgery to drain pancreatic ducts for treatment of disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS). Previous techniques involved using needle-knife cautery, bougie dilation or a stent extraction screw to allow stent passage through the gastric wall and pancreatic parenchyma, with potential for severe complications including duct leak, especially if drainage fails. A novel technique employing EUS guided puncture of the main pancreatic duct (MPD) with a 19- or a 22-gauge needle, passage of an 0.018-guidewire, dilation of the tract with a small-diameter (4 F) angioplasty balloon and placement of 3F plastic stents with the pigtail curled inside the duct as an anchor. Methods This is a retrospective case series at a single tertiary center. EUS-guided PG was considered when conventional endoscopic pancreatic duct drainage failed. Main outcomes included technical and clinic success and complications. Results Eight patients underwent PG. Indications were DPDS (n = 4), stenotic pancreaticoenteral anastomosis after Whipple procedure (n = 3) and chronic pancreatitis with dilated MPD (n = 1). Median MPD diameter was 6.75 mm [IQR 2.8 – 7.6]. Technical success was achieved in seven of eight cases (88 %); angioplasty balloon passed into the pancreatic duct in all accessed ducts. There was one asymptomatic duct leak, and no major or delayed complications, with clinical improvement (complete or partial) in five of eight (71 %). Conclusions EUS-guided PG using a small-caliber guidewire, 4F angioplasty balloon, and reverse 3F single pigtail stents offers a safe and atraumatic alternative without use of cautery.
Rapid Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Light Response Curves Mechanistically Inform Photosynthesis Modeling.

Crop improvement is crucial to ensuring global food security under climate change, and hence there is a pressing need for phenotypic observations that are both high throughput and improve mechanistic understanding of plant responses to environmental cues and limitations. In this study, chlorophyll a fluorescence light response curves and gas-exchange observations are combined to test the photosynthetic response to moderate drought in four genotypes of Brassica rapa. The quantum yield of PSII (ϕPSII) is here analyzed as an exponential decline under changing light intensity and soil moisture. Both the maximum ϕPSII and the rate of ϕPSII decline across a large range of light intensities (0–1,000 μmol photons m−2 s−1; βPSII) are negatively affected by drought. We introduce an alternative photosynthesis model (βPSII model) incorporating parameters from rapid fluorescence response curves. Specifically, the model uses βPSII as an input for estimating the photosynthetic electron transport rate, which agrees well with two existing photosynthesis models (Farquhar-von Caemmerer-Berry and Yin). The βPSII model represents a major improvement in photosynthesis modeling through the integration of high-throughput fluorescence phenotyping data, resulting in gained parameters of high mechanistic value.
Integrating Social and Technical Solutions to Address Privacy in Smart Homes

Smart homes are becoming increasingly common across the United States with the advent and ongoing development of new and improved IoT devices. With the increasing use of these devices, there has been exponential growth in the amount of data collected on individuals. This poses potential privacy risks that can affect the lives of these users and raises an ethical question about what information is being collected and how it is used. Much of the data collected is used to discern information about when, why, and how the device was used. It must be questioned how much information collection is necessary and at what point does it become a violation of privacy. Additionally, many devices collect data at various times when the user may not be aware of it. This information collected can be used to target specific advertisements, influence users, or be sold to third-party sources. Although much of this information is laid out in lengthy, often deceptive terms and conditions for most devices, many people do not read them or understand the implications they pose. In this paper, we present a solution that monitors data leaving the house through a device integrated within the home network with the aim of spreading awareness surrounding the potential risks associated with this issue and to work towards limiting the amount of information that is collected.
Teaching Dental Anatomy & Morphology; An Updated Clinical & Digital Based Learning Module

Introduction Dental Anatomy and morphology learning is an essential component of the dental curriculum; students introduced to dental morphology in a detailed textbook style lecture format often have difficulty transferring that knowledge to the associated clinically related activities. The purpose of this article is to describe the rationale, components and advantages of an updated dental anatomy module and present a comparison of student course evaluations for those who received the updated module (CDM) versus those who received the traditional module (TM). Method An updated module was implemented at the University of Kentucky College of Dentistry (UKCD). The updated module consisted of clinically based lectures and incorporated digital technologies in both lecture and laboratory portions of the course as well as a patient-based aesthetic wax-up exercise. The goal of the updated module is to shift emphasis away from decontextualised technical learning towards more active and clinically applicable learning that improves classroom interaction and takes advantage of the current technologies available. Results The results were statistically analysed using a two-sample t test. The updated module was statistically significantly highly rated by students. Conclusion The updated module was highly appreciated and rated by students. An update to the educational method of teaching dental anatomy and morphology is proposed, clinical dental anatomy teaching results in enhanced students' engagement and assessment. More research and proper strategic planning for implementation of digital technology into the dental anatomy curriculum are needed to adequately utilise these resources.
Sensing a problem: Proof of concept for characterizing and predicting agitation

Introduction Agitation, experienced by patients with dementia, is difficult to manage and stressful for caregivers. Currently, agitation is primarily assessed by caregivers or clinicians based on self-report or very brief periods of observation. This limits availability of comprehensive or sensitive enough reporting to detect early signs of agitation or identify its precipitants. The purpose of this article is to provide proof of concept for characterizing and predicting agitation using a system that continuously monitors patients' activities and living environment within memory care facilities. Methods Continuous and unobtrusive monitoring of a participant is achieved using behavioral sensors, which include passive infrared motion sensors, door contact sensors, a wearable actigraphy device, and a bed pressure mat sensor installed in the living quarters of the participant. Environmental sensors are also used to continuously assess temperature, light, sound, and humidity. Episodes of agitation are reported by nursing staff. Data collected for 138 days were divided by 8-hour nursing shifts. Features from agitated shifts were compared to those from non-agitated shifts using t-tests. Results A total of 37 episodes of agitation were reported for a male participant, aged 64 with Alzheimer's disease, living in a memory care unit. Participant activity metrics (eg, transitions within the living room, sleep scores from the bedmat, and total activity counts from the actigraph) significantly correlated with occurrences of agitation at night (P < 0.05). Environmental variables (eg, humidity) also correlated with the occurrences of agitation at night (P < 0.05). Higher activity levels were also observed in the evenings before agitated nights. Discussion A platform of sensors used for unobtrusive and continuous monitoring of participants with dementia and their living space seems feasible and shows promise for characterization of episodes of agitation and identification of behavioral and environmental precipitants of agitation.
Invisible intersectionality in measuring vulnerability among individuals experiencing homelessness – critically appraising the VI-SPDAT

This study applies an intersectional analysis to explore racial and gender differences in a widely used measure of vulnerability while homeless, the VI-SPDAT, among a large community sample. The st...
Quality of Life Outcomes in Patients With Sinonasal Malignancy After Definitive Treatment

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To describe multidimensional quality of life (QOL) outcomes in patients with sinonasal malignancies (SNM). To elucidate factors predicting worse QOL in this population. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review at tertiary institution. METHODS A retrospective chart review on patients treated for SNM from 2006 to 2019 at a tertiary medical center was conducted. QOL outcomes were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy - Nasopharynx (FACT-NP) score. A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to assess factors predicting worse QOL. RESULTS Eighty-one patients met inclusion criteria. Twelve (14.8%) patients had a subscale score >11 for anxiety (HADS-A) or depression (HADS-D) indicating significant anxiety or depression, at a median of 24 (8-68.5) months post treatment. The median FACT-NP total score was 136 (110-152). On multivariable analysis, advanced T classification, single status, and worse social support survey score were significant predictors of worse HADS score. Worse social support survey score was a significant predictor of worse total FACT-NP score. CONCLUSION After adjusting for confounders, at a median of 24 months after completion of definitive therapy for SNM, advanced T classification and single relationship status were found to be significant predictors of anxiety and depression (based on HADS). A worse social support survey score was associated with worse anxiety, depression, and QOL (based on HADS and FACT-NP). Identifying these factors early may help to guide treatment and psychiatric referral to at-risk individuals after the treatment of SNM. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 131:E2212-E2221, 2021.
Effects of seasonality on male white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) reproductive characteristics

The objective of this study was to evaluate reproductive characteristics of white-tailed deer (WTD) bucks early in the breeding season (SEPT), at peak rut (DEC), and late season (MAR). Deer farming is an emerging industry in the United States with dissemination of superior genetics relying on the ability to evaluate bucks and freeze semen. Despite cervid reproduction being strongly influenced by season, there is limited information available on how this affects semen quality, testicle size, or accessory sex glands in WTD.
Precipitation behavior near shrinkage porosity in a large sand casting of Haynes 282 alloy

Abstract The precipitation behavior of L12 structure Ni3(Al,Ti)-type γ' precipitates near shrinkage porosity in a large sand casting of Haynes 282 alloy has been investigated by scanning/transmission electron microscopy in conjunction with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The experimental results revealed that in the carbonitride-rich region close to the shrinkage porosity, γ' precipitates could still form with comparable sizes though at lower volume density than those in the general cast Ni matrix. The resulting γ' precipitates had a very high Al/Ti ratio. Close to oxide-rich pore surfaces, an absence of γ' precipitates was observed due to Al and Ti depletion by forming Al oxides and Ti carbonitrides, respectively. This work suggests that Al rather than Ti plays a dominant role in the formation of γ' precipitates in porous regions in cast Haynes 282 alloys.
Rapid enlargement of a uterine fibroid after clomiphene therapy.

Summary A case report is presented of a patient who was given clomiphene and soon afterwards was admitted to hospital with acute retention of urine due to impaction in the pelvis of a fibroid which had enlarged rapidly. The authors have been unable to locate a similar previous report.
Using a school-wide coaching framework to create safe and inclusive spaces for students who identify as LGBTQ

Students identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or questioning/queer (LGBTQ) often face bullying and inequity in classrooms and schools across the United States. This article outlines ...
eGovernment whole-of-government approach for good governance: the case of the system GID in Morocco

Public administration reforms, in Morocco, called for the use of ICTs to connect administrations in a whole-of-government approach, building a culture of collaboration and good governance. Indeed, coordination theory supports the networked bureaucracy, as a catalyst for heterogeneous multi-stakeholder management, internal auditing and synergy. Institutional networked coordination is believed to increase interoperability and integration among offices for transparency and mutual accountability. A mutual collaboration (G2G) that is deemed to better governance, streamline workflows and reduce duplication of workflows and tasks. However, stove-piped management remains always a bad omen for networked governance for its single-purpose management. It is believed to separate offices in corrupted dispersed silos and bureaucracies, operating in ambiguity, red tape and bad governance. Results from an online survey of public agents, using the GID system in Morocco (n = 253) was used to empirically analyse the effect of eGovernment whole-of-government approach on good governance ethics in back offices, using PLS-SEM.
Time for All Programs, Not Just Real-Time Programs

We argue that the utility of time as a semantic property of software is not limited to the domain of real-time systems. This paper outlines four concurrent design patterns: alignment, precedence, simultaneity, and consistency, all of which are relevant to general-purpose software applications. We show that a semantics of logical time provides a natural framework for reasoning about concurrency, makes some difficult problems easy, and offers a quantified interpretation of the CAP theorem, enabling quantified evaluation of the tradeoff between consistency and availability.
Evolution’s Role in the Success of Science

(1) How is the impressively effective coordination of thought and reality that is provided by mathematicizing natural science to be explained? (2) Is it perhaps the case that this success is simply inexplicable? Surely not! (3) To account for the cognitive accessibility of nature, a two-sided explanation is needed — one in which both mind and nature must play a duly collaborative role. (4) Our own side of the story lies in the fact that mind is an evolved product of nature’s operations. (5) Nature’s side of the story lies in its providing the stage-setting for the evolutionary development of mathematicizing intelligence. (6) On this basis, we can obtain a scientific explanation of how science itself is possible. (7) The character of this explanation is not such, however, as to support the claim that “science has it right”. The critical fact is that nature must be “error tolerant” in order to provide for cognitive evolution to occur at all. And this means that we can account for the extraordinary success of natural science short of maintaining its actual correctness.
Fast Diffusion and Universality Near Intersecting Resonances

Let us consider an n-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian system of the form where (I, ϕ) ɛ R n × T n are action-angle variables with n ≥ 3, 0 < e < 1 is a small parameter, and H 0 and H 1 are analytic functions.
Use of random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis to compareBabesia bovis andB. bigemina isolates

Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis provides characteristic fingerprints forBabesia bovis andB. bigemina. This genetic profile reflects similarities and minor differences between closely related regional isolates and the greater diversity representative of species from distant geographic locations.
SelectAudit: A Secure and Efficient Audit Framework for Networked Virtual Environments

Networked virtual environments (NVE) refer to the category of distributed applications that allow a large number of distributed users to interact with one or more central servers in a virtual environment setting. Recent studies identify that malicious users may compromise the semantic integrity of NVE applications and violate the semantic rules of the virtual environments without being detected. In this paper, we propose an efficient audit protocol to detect violations of semantic integrity through a probabilistic checking mechanism done by a third-party audit server.
Law and the Fabric of the Everyday: The Settlement Houses, Sociological Jurisprudence, and the Gendering of Urban Legal Culture

This article demonstrates that settlement houses at the turn of the century were particularly important and vibrant legal sites, in which women settlement workers played groundbreaking and multiple legal roles. Settlement houses provided a geographical and intellectual space where diverse legal actors participated in analyzing, examining, discussing, popularizing, and reforming law. Through experimentation and confrontation with the lived reality and everyday lives of the poor, settlement workers participated in the creation and practice of sociological jurisprudence. By exploring the specific legal work that settlement workers performed and the legal services that they provided, we can see that under the rubric of philanthropy and social work, women settlement workers were actually practicing law and engaging in a type of jurisprudence which was deeply grounded in the daily life of the home and neighborhood. Simultaneously, however, settlement workers, using the law and state power, engaged in social control often putting immigrant women under intense scrutiny. Through this close analysis of the legal work of settlement houses, this article departs from other legal history narratives that understand sociological jurisprudence as arising from the academy and instead argues that it arose from the ground-up.
Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence

The Division of Peace Psychology, established within the American Psychological Association (APA) in 1990, is a growing organization of psychologists, students, and professional affiliates from diverse disciplines. Division 48 is now also an independent organization, under the name Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence, and it is open for membership to individuals who are not members of APA. Keywords: conflict; peace; psychology organization; violence
The Fourier Transform

The Fourier transform is one of the most productive tools of the mathematical sciences. It crops up again and again in unexpected applications to fields as diverse as differential equations, numerical analysis, probability theory, number theory, quantum mechanics, optics, medical imaging, and signal processing [3, 5, 7, 8, 9]. One explanation for its wide utility is that it turns complex mathematical operations like differentiation and convolution into simple operations like multiplication. Readers most likely are familiar with the paradigm of transforming a mathematical equation, solving it in transform space, and then inverting the solution. Besides its operational advantages, the Fourier transform often has the illuminating physical interpretation of decomposing a temporal process into component processes with different frequencies.
Prosodic knowledge sources for word hypothesization in a continuous speech recognition system

Previously we have reported on the extraction of prosodic cues (such as stress, pitch, duration) from continuous speech [1] and have reported on possible uses of some prosodic information (e.g., temporal cues [2]) in large vocabulary word recognition systems. In this paper we extend these previous findings to a speaker-independent continuous speech recognition system. Speaker-independent knowledge sources (KS) were implemented that attempt to hypothesize words based on only prosodic cues found in the signal. The prosodic cues exploited were temporal cues (syllable durations, ratios of unvoiced segment durations to syllable durations, voiced segment durations), intensity profiles and likelihoods of stressedness. Each KS extracts the appropriate prosodic cue and searches its knowledge base for words whose prosodic patterns satisfy the constraints found in the signal. Usign a multispeaker continuous speechdatabase for evaluation, each prosodic KS is shown to hypothesize the correct word substantially better than chance. All prosodic KSs were then combined and compared with a speaker-independent acoustic-phonetic word hypothesizer. After applying the prosodic KSs, the correct word ranked on average 25th (out of 252 words). The acoustic-phonetic KS alone yielded an average rank of 40 (out of 252) without the addition of prosodic information. After prosodic and phonetic KSs were combined the average rank was reduced to 15 out of 252. The results indicate that prosodic information indeed adds complementary information that substantially improves word hypothesization in speaker-independent continuous speech recognition systems.