cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Is incidence of postoperative vasoplegic syndrome different between off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery?

Objective: Postoperative vasoplegic syndrome (PVS) is a potentially lethal condition with increased mortality and other postoperative morbidities.Many previous studies have examined the outcomes associatedwith on-pump coronaryartery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, little is known about the incidence of PVS after off-pump CABG. Methods: From November 21, 2005 to June 9, 2006, 334 patients underwent isolated onpump CABG and 362 had off-pump CABG surgery. Perioperative variables were retrospectively compared between on-pump and off-pump CABG surgery using univariate analysis. Significant variables were included into a stepwise regression model to ascertain their independent impact on the incidence of PVS. Results: The incidence of PVS in isolated on-pump CABG was 6.9%; in off-pump CABG was 2.8% (p = 0.01). However, in multivariable models adjusted for confounders, on-pump CABG did not reach statistical significance as a risk factor of PVS (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 0.94— 5.78; p = 0.07). In on-pump CABG, preoperative left ventricular EF less than 35% (OR = 3.6; p = 0.02) and increased body mass index (OR = 1.1; p = 0.04) were identified as risk predictors of PVS; whereas elective surgery (OR = 0.2; p = 0.02) and preoperative use of b-blockers (OR = 0.21; p = 0.02) were associated with a decreased rate of PVS. PVS was associated with longer ICU stay (OR = 6.0; p < 0.01), postoperative ventilation (OR = 4.6; p < 0.01), and hospital stay (OR = 2.62; p = 0.03). There was a stronger association between preoperative ACE inhibitors therapy and increased risk of PVS in off-pump CABG surgery (OR = 4.52, 95% CI 0.95—21.67; p = 0.06) than in on-pump CABG surgery (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 0.35— 3.19; p = 0.91), but neither of them reaches statistical significance. Conclusions: The incidence of PVS after off-pump CABG surgery was significantly lower than after on-pump CABG surgery. # 2008 European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
HPNS seizure risk: a role for the Golgi-associated retrograde protein complex?

Previous attempts to characterize the genetic contribution to differential risk of developing the HPNS seizure in a mouse model system are extended to additional data and an analytical mode that incorporates the set of linked resources for systems genetics in the GeneNetwork project. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) affecting HPNS seizure phenotype was mapped to a ~6 megabase (Mb) gene-rich region of Chr 17 based on the degree of expression covariation among genes in the region of the QTL and genes in the brains of BXD recombinant inbred mice in the same chromosomal region. Use of GeneNetwork’s WebQTL analytical modules revealed that among >220 positional candidate genes, vacuolar protein sorting gene 52 (Vps52) has highest priority. It appears that a single nearly null mutation in a distal region of Vps52 3’UTR (untranslated region) defined by a DNA probe set is associated with >60% of the seizure risk difference between the high- and low-risk strains DBA/2 and C57BL/6, respectively. Based on the known contribution of the elements of the GARP complex – Vps52, -53 and -54 – to motoneuron abnormalities, mutation-depleted Vps52 may be implicated in HPNS seizure risk variation in the mouse and, by gene homology, also with human VPS52. n
The Behavioral Scientist: Insider and Outsider

A problem with respect to social action research is being sufficiently “outside” to be objective, and yet enough “inside” to understand the phenomena being studied. The issue of critical periods in development is used as an example of the problem, in terms of the tendency to be wedded to convenient theories, the difficulty in examining the bureaucratic-institutional socialization process, the problem of avoiding conformity when one is an insider, and the general difficulty of incorporating research findings into social programming and policy decisions. Some suggestions are offered, including the potential role of SPSSI as an organization of “significant others” for the social researcher and the behavioral scientist.
Modeling and control of airport queueing dynamics under severe flow restrictions

Based on field observations and interviews with controllers at Boston-Logan Airport and Newark Airport (EWR), we identify the closure of local departure fixes as the most severe class of airport departure restrictions. A set of simple queueing dynamics and "traffic rules" are developed to model departure traffic under such restrictions. The validity of the proposed model is tested via Monte Carlo simulation against 10 hours of actual operations data collected during a case-study at EWR on June 29, 2000. In general, the model successfully reproduces the aggregate departure congestion. An analysis of the average error over 40 simulation runs indicates that flow-rate restrictions also significantly impact departure traffic; work is underway to capture these effects. Several applications and "what-if" scenarios are discussed for future evaluation using the calibrated model.
Activation of Si-N modes in silicon by pulsed laser annealing

Retention and bonding of nitrogen implanted into crystalline Si were examined by infrared absorption (ir) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after furnace and pulsed laser annealing. Localized Si-N vibrational modes for N-N pairs are observed, and the associated ir band intensities increase upon pulsed annealing. Furace annealing above 600/sup 0/C decreases the ir intensity for N-N pairs and fine structure defects appear in TEM. Subsequent laser annealing removes most of the fine structure and reactivates the pair spectrum which we interpret as dissolution of N precipitates and pair formation upon quenching from the melt. Any realistic model for N in Si must include the formation and consequences of N-N pairs.
Hill climbing on speech lattices: A new rescoring framework

We describe a new approach for rescoring speech lattices — with long-span language models or wide-context acoustic models — that does not entail computationally intensive lattice expansion or limited rescoring of only an N-best list. We view the set of word-sequences in a lattice as a discrete space equipped with the edit-distance metric, and develop a hill climbing technique to start with, say, the 1-best hypothesis under the lattice-generating model(s) and iteratively search a local neighborhood for the highest-scoring hypothesis under the rescoring model(s); such neighborhoods are efficiently constructed via finite state techniques. We demonstrate empirically that to achieve the same reduction in error rate using a better estimated, higher order language model, our technique evaluates fewer utterance-length hypotheses than conventional N-best rescoring by two orders of magnitude. For the same number of hypotheses evaluated, our technique results in a significantly lower error rate.
Misincorporation proton-alkyl exchange (MPAX): engineering cysteine probes into proteins.

This unit describes a rapid and efficient method to screen a polypeptide for amino acid residues that contribute to protein-protein interaction interfaces. Cysteine residues are introduced as positional probes in a protein at random by co-expression in bacteria with specific cysteine misincorporator tRNAs. The protein is then purified as an ensemble of polypeptides containing cysteine at low frequency, at different positions in each molecule. The ability of the native protein structure to protect different cysteine residues from chemical modification by iodoacetamide is determined to obtain a protein surface map that reveals candidate surface residues that are likely to be important for protein-protein interaction. Cysteine mutants with altered ligand binding can also be selected simultaneously by affinity chromatography. Keywords: Protein-protein interaction; solvent accessibility; protein structure; cysteine misincorporation; cysteine mutagenesis; cysteine alkylation
Men Faculty Gender-Equity Advocates: A Qualitative Analysis of Theory and Praxis

As part of a National Science Foundation (NSF) ADVANCE grant, North Dakota State University (NDSU) created a program of men faculty Advocates to engage in gender-equity/climate improvement efforts. Sixteen men Advocates spent 4 years reading materials, attending NDSU ADVANCE FORWARD programming, and creating training sessions for male faculty gender-equity Allies. The current investigation reviews core aspects of effective Ally preparation programs, and then compares this Advocates program with elements of successful men’s profeminist gender-equity advocacy work. We discovered that the NDSU Advocates used 12 of Berkowitz’s 19 elements, with 4 additional elements present. Implications for this men’s gender-equity advocates program, similar programs at other colleges and universities, and other Ally/advocates programs are discussed.
Sistema electoral, desintegración de coaliciones y democracia en Chile: ¿El fin de la Concertación?

Aunque existe bastante desacuerdo respecto a los efectos politicos que tiene el sistema electoral binominal en Chile, muchos concuerdan en que este proporciona fuertes incentivos para la formacion y la permanencia de las coaliciones de gobierno. Este articulo cuestiona estos supuestos, sosteniendo que la capacidad del sistema electoral para inducir la formacion de coaliciones depende en la realidad del contexto. Basandose en un analisis de niveles relativos de apoyo electoral entre partidos, la poliza de “recompensa” segura para los perdedores en las elecciones mas competitivas, y la sincronizacion y secuencia de las elecciones presidenciales y legislativas, este articulo delinea las condiciones bajo las cuales el sistema de coaliciones se hace mas fuerte o mas debil. Concluye que estas variables se alinean para producir un ambiente poco propicio para el mantenimiento de la coalicion gobernante con la aproximacion de las elecciones presidenciales del 2005. En terminos teoricos, el articulo cuestiona las conexiones directas y mecanicas entre sistema electoral y resultados de partido, argumentando que no deberiamos sorprendernos cuando variaciones del entorno causan resultados distintos a los teoricamente esperados. Estos hallazgos contribuyen a un consenso emergente sobre muchas de las reglas teoricas vinculadas a la conexion entre sistema electoral y desarrollo del sistema de partidos basadas en el modelo norteamericano y europeo que, en el peor de los casos es tenue y, a lo mas, necesitan ser aplicadas con mucho cuidado en America Latina y en el resto del mundo.
Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Oncoprotein K13 Protects against B Cell Receptor-Induced Growth Arrest and Apoptosis through NF-κB Activation

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) has been linked to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). We have characterized the role of KSHV-encoded viral FLICE inhibitory protein K13 in the modulation of anti-IgM induced growth arrest and apoptosis in B cells. We demonstrate that K13 protects WEHI 231, an immature B cell line, against anti-IgM induced growth arrest and apoptosis. The protective effect of K13 was associated with the activation of the NF-κB pathway and was deficient in its mutant, K13-58AAA, and a structural homolog, vFLIP E8, which lack NF-κB activity. K13 upregulated the expression of NF-κB subunit RelB and blocked the anti-IgM induced decline in c-Myc and rise in p27(Kip1) that have been associated with growth arrest and apoptosis. K13 also upregulated the expression of Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic member of the Bcl2 family. Finally, K13 protected the mature B cell line Ramos against anti-IgM induced apoptosis through NF-κB activation. Inhibition of anti-IgM induced apoptosis by K13 may contribute to the development of KSHV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders.
When optimal sensor interrogation is rhythmic

We define a problem involving the optimal collection of data from multiple sensors with bandwidth constraints. The sensor network has a tree structure with communication constraints on the branches. We postulate a stationary model for the sensed data. Under these circumstances, the best use of the network depends on the processing capabilities available to the nodes at intermediate levels of the tree. If those intermediate nodes have no processing ability, we show that the best approach involves a time-invariant constant ratio sharing of the communication channels. In contrast, and this is the more interesting situation, when the intermediate levels have the capability to processes and summarize data, the optimal policy may involve a rhythmic allocation of the communication resources. The study of this situation involves an analysis of singular controls and of the second variation evaluated at these trajectories.
Alzheimer's Disease Symptoms: Prevalence and Order of Appearance

Primary caregivers of 115 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease completed a questionnaire about 25 behavioral symptoms and their order of appearance. The symptom list was derived from the behavioral characteristics described in the Global Deterioration Scale for quantifying severity of dementia. Of interest was the relation between symptom prevalence and appearance order. Using statistical techniques for correlating ranks, symptom prevalence was found to be highly predictive of average rank of appearance for all patients and the subgroup in whom the symptoms were reported. Results of an agglomerative cluster analysis provided no evidence of subpopulations of patients in whom symptom appearance differed markedly. Complaint of memory problems or memory-related deficits were four of the six most prevalent symptoms and complaint of memory problems was the first appearing symptom. Less prevalent and later- appearing symptoms included movement disorder, lack of awareness of surroundings, and incontinence.
All solid state ion-conducting cesium source for atomic clocks

Abstract Cesium containing glass with solid metal electrodes was used as a Cs atom source in a high vacuum system. A silver anode provides an injection source of highly mobile ions which sweep Cs to the cathode surface, from which they evaporate into the vacuum. Cathode metallization with finger patterns was used leaving bare glass for Cs evaporation. Laser absorption measurements show Cs vapor generation synchronous with an applied DC voltage.
Preparation and characterization of corn starch-β-carotene composites

Starch-β-carotene composites were generated by drop-wise addition of ethanol comprising varying β-carotene contents (5, 10, or 20mg) into starch pastes (1, 3, or 5% w/v) to improve water-dispersibility and stability of β-carotene. The mean diameter of the composites was less than 900 nm, allowing particles to be homogeneously dispersed in aqueous media for over two weeks without sedimentation. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analysis confirmed the composite mainly consisted of Vh-amylose, amorphous starch matrices, and starch-β-carotene ordered structures. Both amorphous matrices and Vh-amylose structures in the composite were readily digested within 20 min in vitro digestion, while highly ordered structures, which melted between 132 and 159 °C, exhibited inhibited and/or delayed enzymatic digestion. As more β-carotene was incorporated into the composite, the β-carotene content of the ordered structure was increased. Formation of starch-β-carotene composites also appeared to enhance the stability of β-carotene against chemical oxidation.
The Concern for Financial Stability in Inflation Targeting Regime : Evidence from Emerging Countries

The 2008/2009 financial crisis raised issues related to the monetary policy doctrine of the last two decades. Inflation targeting has been criticized, as its main objective of inflation stabilization might have diverted central banks from other concerns, such as financial stability. As a first attempt in the literature on emerging countries, the aim of this study is to investigate (i) whether inflation targeting can be associated with greater financial instability and (ii) whether inflation targeting central banks are less responsive to financial imbalances than non-targeters. Relying on a sample of 26 emerging countries, of which 13 have adopted the inflation targeting regime, we provide empirical evidence that targeters, on average, are more financially unstable than the others. Estimations of the central banks’ reaction functions, however, reveal that most emerging-market inflation targeters are concerned with financial instability when setting the policy rate. At least for emerging countries, these findings call into question the criticism that inflation targeting central banks neglect developments in the financial sector and instead highlight the need to strengthen prudential measures to address the issue of financial instability.
Targeting Th17 Cells for Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system mediated by autoreactive T lymphocytes. The Th17 lineage of effectors has been implicated in the inflammatory response against CNS autoantigens. Findings in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE, the animal model for multiple sclerosis) suggest that targeting the Th17 response may have a beneficial outcome for patients suffering from MS. Several existing and emerging therapeutic strategies will be discussed based on the manner in which they target Th17-mediated autoimmunity: lymphocyte depletion, prevention of Th17 development, and prevention of Th17 function. T cell-ablating agents are not Th17 specific and are associated with toxicity and opportunistic infections. The prevention of Th17 differentiation can be achieved experimentally by neutralizing cytokines specifically required for Th17 development and by the administration of cytokines or other drugs that interfere with differentiation; however, these strategies may also lead to enhanced rates of certain infectious diseases. Prevention of functional Th17 responses can be accomplished by inhibiting leukocyte trafficking or by neutralizing Th17 cytokines (IL-17 and/or GM-CSF). While several promising therapeutic candidates have been identified employing the EAE model, both the risks of immunomodulation and the efficacy of such candidates in human patients need to be completely characterized and carefully considered.
Adhesive Capsulitis: Diagnosis, Etiology, and Treatment Strategies

Adhesive capsulitis is often referred to as frozen shoulder, among other terms, and has long been a topic of debate and interest in orthopaedic surgery. Despite descriptions and research on the condition dating back to the first half of the nineteenth century, much about this disease remains unknown. Patients with frozen shoulder present with limited motion, particularly external rotation, substantial pain, and decreased function. Most cases are self-limited and improve with conservative measures, but an increasing body of work identifies a subset of patients with frozen shoulder who endure long-term sequelae, and who may also benefit from earlier or more aggressive interventions. Once these patients have exhausted conservative management, arthroscopic and other surgical options become the only means of treatment. Specific medical interventions are lacking, largely due to our limited understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. This disorder is strongly associated with trauma, diabetes, thyroid disease and other conditions. Understanding these associations may bring greater insight into the fundamental pathophysiology of frozen shoulder. Here we will review the history, epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology, evidence-based treatments, and outcomes associated with this complex and burdensome disease.
Influence of Photophase and Temperature on Survival and Oxygen Consumption of Diapausing European Corn Borers

Diapause in Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner) was studied to determine factors that influence survival of laboratory-reared larvae in diapause at subzero temperatures. Survival and oxygen consumption were determined for larvae exposed to nondiapause- and diapause-inducing conditions with constant and decreasing photophases. No differences in the intensity of diapause, as measured by increased survival or decreased oxygen consumption, could be detected when larvae were exposed to decreasing photophases or to lower temperatures during the induction of diapause. However, after the induction of diapause, increased survival was associated with conditioning at low temperatures and with the length of this conditioning.
Geographic distribution of two color forms, carboxylesterase activity, and chromosome configuration of the tobacco aphid (Homoptera : aphididae) in North Carolina

A statewide survey was conducted in tobacco fields throughout 17 counties in North Carolina to determine distribution and relative abundances of red and green color forms of the tobacco aphid, Myzus nicotianae Black man. Samples of tobacco aphids from infested fields were collected during the survey and used to establish 36 laboratory cultures. A carboxylesterase assay was performed on aphids from each established laboratory culture to determine general carboxylesterase hydrolyzing activities. Significant differences among cultures were observed. Activities ranged from 40.04 μM 1-naphthol produced per minute per red aphid in Wayne County to 77.36 in Bladen County. Activities in green aphids ranged from 17.12 in Johnston County to 53.52 in Watauga County. Aphids with high carboxylesterase activities (>40 IJ-MI-naphthol produced per minute per aphid) were of both colors; however, all aphids with low activities 40 μM I-naphthol produced per minute per aphid). The five cultures with normal karyotypes had low activities <22).
Blood group precursor T-antigen expression in human urinary bladder carcinoma.

Tumor deletion of the ABH blood group antigens (BGAg) heralds an unfavorable prognosis in human bladder cancer. The T antigen (Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen: TAg), a precursor of other BGAg, has previously been found in malignant but not most normal cells, in which the TAg is cryptic but can be unmasked with neuraminidase (NMD). We investigated the prognostic significance of TAg expression in bladder cancer by staining paraffin sections with a T-specific lectin (peanut agglutinin [PNA]) immunoperoxidase technic. Seventy-two cases of low grade, low stage bladder cancer, 21 cases of high grade bladder cancer, and 68 controls were studied. All normals expressed the TAg only after NMD treatment (Cryptic TAg+). The Grade HI cancers, all invasive, either expressed the TAg (TAg+) (67%) or lacked T even after NMD (Cryptic TAg–) (29%), indicating that the T structure was lost rather than masked as in normal tissue. Thirty-nine per cent of 23 Grade I and II cancers which were TAg+ or Cryptic TAg– subsequently became invasive (Stage B), compared with 10% of 49 Cryptic TAg+ cancers. For 32 Grade I and II, ABH BGAg negative cancers, 64% of TAg+ or Cryptic TAg– cancers became invasive, compared with 17% of cancers which had Cryptic TAg+. Thus, the TAg may be a prognostically useful immunohistochemical tumor marker in bladder cancer, especially for tumors negative for ABH BGAg.
Stages of the Inflammatory Response in Pathology and Tissue Repair after Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major health concern, with high rates of mortality and morbidity and no highly effective clinical interventions. Basic research in animal models of ICH has provided insight into its complex pathology, in particular revealing the role of inflammation in driving neuronal death and neurologic deficits after hemorrhage. The response to ICH occurs in four distinct phases: (1) initial tissue damage and local activation of inflammatory factors, (2) inflammation-driven breakdown of the blood–brain barrier, (3) recruitment of circulating inflammatory cells and subsequent secondary immunopathology, and (4) engagement of tissue repair responses that promote tissue repair and restoration of neurologic function. The development of CNS inflammation occurs over many days after initial hemorrhage and thus may represent an ideal target for treatment of the disease, but further research is required to identify the mechanisms that promote engagement of inflammatory versus anti-inflammatory pathways. In this review, the authors examine how experimental models of ICH have uncovered critical mediators of pathology in each of the four stages of the inflammatory response, and focus on the role of the immune system in these processes.
Non-recursive sequential input deconvolution

Abstract A scheme for sequential deconvolution of inputs from measured outputs is presented. The key feature in the formulation is elimination of the initial state from the input–output relations by projecting the output in the left null space of the observability block. Removal of the initial state allows the sequential format of the deconvolution, essential for computational reasons, to be implemented non-recursively, assuring unconditional stability. Identifiability is realized when the input-output arrangement does not have transmission zeros, and observability and controllability are shown immaterial. Comparison of results from the scheme with those from Dynamic Programming highlights the benefits of eliminating the initial state.
Rehearsals: Naomi Wallace and the Labor of Empathy

In Naomi Wallace’s play In the Heart of America (1994), set during the Gulf War (1990–91), the character Remzi poses this question to Craver, his fellow soldier and soon-to-be lover: “Let’s say I’m lying over there, dead as can be, and then you see it’s me, from a distance. But you still have to walk over to my body to check it out. So, how would you walk?” In this scene, the first scene in the play between the two men, Remzi is asking Craver to define their relationship. He is also asking Craver to travel the distance between them, a distance delineated by race and class—Remzi is Palestinian-American and Craver is self-described “White Trash” from Kentucky. It is a distance, furthermore, created by the military ban on same-sex relationships then in effect. In what follows, the two men improvise, revise, and negotiate the most appropriate physical representation of their relationship.
Thumb Ligament Injuries in the Athlete

Hand injuries account for up to 15% of sports injuries and are common in contact sports and in sports with a high risk of falling. Appropriate management requires knowledge of the type of injury, demands of the sport and position, competitive level of the athlete, future athletic demands and expectations, and the role of rehabilitation and protective splints for return to play. Management of the athlete requires aggressive and expedient diagnostic intervention and treatment. This article describes ligamentous injuries to the thumb, including thumb carpometacarpal dislocations, thumb metacarpophalangeal dislocations, collateral ligament injuries and interphalangeal dislocations, their evaluation, treatment and outcomes.
Are You Ready for Me Now?: Mobile Communication Design for Emergency Department Team Availability

This study explores emergency department (ED) team activity, behaviors, and cues initiating interruptions among team members through the use of surveys and observations. These findings, along with user- and work-centered design processes, was used to design mobile communication applications for the ED team by providing interface cues similar to team "busyness" visual cues. These customizable functionalities provided to users have the potential to help better maintain team shared awareness and communication. With this new design of communication, we may be able to design for other types of team supported tools that will enhance coordination, communication, collaboration, and general team performance.
Abstract 191: NF-?B p65 Methylation by Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is Necessary for the Transcriptional Induction of CXCL10 by TNF-a

TNF-α initiates the expression of genes involved in the recruitment, adhesion, and transmigration of leukocytes to sites of inflammation. Here, we report that the protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 is required for the transcriptional induction of the pro-inflammatory chemokine CXCL10 (IP-10) in endothelial cells. Depletion of PRMT5 by siRNA results in significantly diminished TNF-α-induced CXCL10 mRNA expression, but does not affect expression of other chemokines, such as MCP-1 or IL-8. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments of the CXCL10 proximal promoter show the presence of symmetrical dimethylated arginine (sDMA)-containing proteins upon exposure to TNF-α. This methylation is completely lost when PRMT5 is removed from cells by siRNA. Using immunoprecipitation, we show that PRMT5 enhances CXCL10 expression by methylating the RelA (p65) subunit of NF-κB. In summary, we have identified that PRMT5 is a novel regulator of CXCL10 expression. Further, we have discovered that PRMT5 methylates NF-κB, a finding which may further knowledge of the post-translational code governing NF-κB regulation and target specificity.
Sharing, Communication, and Music Listening: A Diary Study of Technology Use by Pre-teens and Adolescents

Music-listening on personal devices is arguably the most wide-spread form of human-computer interaction. Reasons for this include that small, widely-available, high-capacity devices offer users high-quality, choice, and mobility. However, they also offer what could be called, alternatively, either privacy or isolation. To understand more about the space of people listening to music and their sociality, we performed a diary study in the United States of 19 participants aged 9–15 over a two-week period. Despite their interest in communicating with their friends and in listening to music, the participants rarely listened to music with their friends, and they rarely recommended music to- or received music recommendations from their friends.
Goethe’s Faust and the Ecolinguistics of

Scholarship now understands that Goethe’s Faust is not a celebration of modernity, but rather its critique. Faust’s striving comes at a cost measured in human lives, shattered economies, failing empires, territorial wars, and environmental degradation. What was understood as the vision of a free republic of the Faustian spirit is now seen as Goethe’s critique of capitalism, colonialism, and technology. If Goethe does not champion Faust as the modern individual, does he offer an alternative? This chapter argues that we can discern in Faust an ecolinguistic conception of an ego that diminishes in response to an awareness of nature, history, and geological time. Karl Buhler’s model of the “here-now-I system of subjective orientation” provides a new way of thinking about place that is already instantiated in Goethe’s Faust.
Ward-Type Equivalents for Transient Stability Analysis

Abstract This paper presents a methodology for a dynamic equivalent that is attached to the internal nodes of the generators. The equivalent results from the elimination of constant PQ load buses while taking into account the changes in the load bus voltage phasors that are driven by the machine angles. Since the loads are not governed by differential equations, static-type equivalencing techniques are employed. In this paper, the Ward equivalent is considered. The equivalent injection currents are derived from piecewise linearization of the system model. Simulation results show that the method is accurate for wide changes in the operating point. In addition, it dramatically reduces the computing time of the transient stability analysis.
Lower Extremity Rotational Deformities

The pediatric orthopedist must determine whether or not a lower extremity deformity is part of a normal physiologic progression or is pathologic. Knowledge of the natural history of physiologic lower extremity angulation and rotation is critical to establishing what is normal from the pathologic.
Using drug monitoring programs to optimize pain management for elective surgery patients

This article describes an innovative workflow that incorporates the prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) into a suggested workflow for managing pain in elective surgery patients. Using the PDMP and working with the patient's pain management provider, clinicians can make sure that patients on chronic opioid therapy are identified before admission so that their care can be individualized, a plan developed to manage postoperative pain, and the patient can be transitioned seamlessly back to outpatient pain management.
A Two-Step Approach for Transforming Continuous Variables to Normal: Implications and Recommendations for IS Research

This article describes and demonstrates a two-step approach for transforming non-normally distributed continuous variables to become normally distributed. Step 1 involves transforming the variable into a percentile rank, which will result in uniformly distributed probabilities. Step 2 applies the inverse-normal transformation to the results of the first step to form a variable consisting of normally distributed z-scores. The approach is little-known outside the statistics literature, has been scarcely used in the social sciences, and has not been used in any IS study. The article illustrates how to implement the approach in Excel, SPSS, and SAS and explains implications and recommendations for IS research.
Divining the Etruscan World: The Brontoscopic Calendar and Religious Practice

Part I. Background: 1. The Brontoscopic Calendar and its transmission 2. Etruscan religion in the classical world 3. An ominous time: thunder, lightning, weather, and divination Part II. The Brotoscopic Calendar: Greek Text and English Translation Part III. Thematic Analysis of the Etruscan Brontoscopic Calendar: 4. Analysis of the Brontoscopic Calendar 5. 'Reptiles with trouble habitations' - weather, fauna, agriculture, pests 6. 'Plague, but not exceptionally life-threatening' - health and disease 7. 'The women and the slaves will carry out assassinations' - the society of the Brontoscopic Calendar Part IV. Sources and Successors of the Etruscan Brontoscopic Calendar: 8. Mesopotamian influences and Near Eastern predecessors of the Etruscan Brontoscopic Calendar 9. Other Brontoscopia in the classical tradition 10. Conclusion: assessing the Etruscan Brontoscopic Calendar and its heritage.
A Comparison of Mean-Based and Quantile Regression Methods for Analyzing Self-Report Dietary Intake Data

In mean-based approaches to dietary data analysis, it is possible for potentially important associations at the tails of the intake distribution, where inadequacy or excess is greatest, to be obscured due to unobserved heterogeneity. Participants in the upper or lower tails of dietary intake data will potentially have the greatest change in their behavior when presented with a health behavior intervention; thus, alternative statistical methods to modeling these relationships are needed to fully describe the impact of the intervention. Using data from Tu Salud iSi Cuenta! (Your Health Matters!) at Home Intervention, we aimed to compare traditional mean-based regression to quantile regression for describing the impact of a health behavior intervention on healthy and unhealthy eating indices. The mean-based regression model identified no differences in dietary intake between intervention and standard care groups. In contrast, the quantile regression indicated a nonconstant relationship between the unhealthy eating index and study groups at the upper tail of the unhealthy eating index distribution. The traditional mean-based linear regression was unable to fully describe the intervention effect on healthy and unhealthy eating, resulting in a limited understanding of the association.
Flexible versus rigid laryngoscopy: A randomized crossover study comparing patient experience.

Objectives To compare flexible distal-chip laryngoscopy (FDL) versus rigid telescopic laryngoscopy (RTL) in regard to examinees' pain level, comfort, satisfaction, and preference, and to evaluate the clinician's assessment of the examinees' experience with both exam types. Study design Randomized crossover study. Methods Twenty-three normal adult subjects were recruited to undergo both FDL and RTL; the initial exam type was randomized. Subjects and clinicians completed corresponding questionnaires after each exam. Differences in participant characteristics and questionnaire scores between the two exam types were assessed via Pearson χ2 and paired t tests, respectively. Results Overall, participants reported that FDL was more uncomfortable than RTL (4.22 vs. 2.91, P = .003) and scored higher on the pain scale for FDL compared to RTL (2.91 vs. 1.70, P = .006). However, there was no significant difference in number of participants who preferred FDL versus RTL (10 [43%] vs. 13 [57%]). Poor correlation was seen between clinicians' assessment of participants' discomfort and actual reported discomfort for FDL (2.70 vs. 4.22, P = .001). Conclusions Subjects undergoing FDL experience greater discomfort and pain compared to RTL, but do not demonstrate a differential preference of exam. Overall, clinicians underestimate the discomfort of patients undergoing FDL, but participants maintain high satisfaction with both exams nonetheless. Level of evidence 1 Laryngoscope, 130:2663-2666, 2020.
Ambulatory care elective: Introduction to core practice concepts

Abstract Background and purpose Introduction to various pharmacy practice environments is effectively accomplished through concentrated elective courses. The ambulatory care elective utilized innovative active learning strategies to enhance chronic disease management, foster empathy, and introduce strategic planning in an ambulatory care center. Educational activity and setting A new two-credit hour ambulatory elective course was offered to third-year pharmacy students in a four-year doctor of pharmacy program. This 30-hour, 2-week long course, ran simultaneously between three campuses, and included six modules. The course employed lectures, active learning activities, shadowing, role playing, and a simulation. Findings Course evaluations and student reflections indicate high satisfaction with the course and reveal value in the simulation. Summary Active learning sessions in this third-year pharmacy elective allowed application of lecture materials to explore the focused practice of ambulatory care. Discussion topics were varied, allowing students to gauge the breadth of opportunities offered in ambulatory pharmacy, while also appreciating the scope of skills required for successful and sustainable practice. Students valued the chronic disease state simulation, which provided a unique approach to foster personal attributes.
Electrodisintegration of Cu 63 , Zn 64 , Ag 109 , and Ta 181

The ratio of the ($\ensuremath{\gamma}, n$) photodisintegration cross section to the ($e, {e}^{\ensuremath{'}}n$) electrodisintegration cross section for the isotopes ${\mathrm{Cu}}^{63}$, ${\mathrm{Zn}}^{64}$, ${\mathrm{Ag}}^{109}$, and ${\mathrm{Ta}}^{181}$ was measured for electron energies of 24 to 35 Mev. This ratio was found to decrease with energy in contrast with the Weizs\"acker-Williams approximation which predicts a constant ratio. However, the Weizs\"acker-Williams method does yield a result which is of the right order of magnitude for Cu, Zn, and Ag and which is within a factor of two of the observed value of Ta.Assuming approximately one-half of the total photon absorption of nuclei to be attributed to the ($\ensuremath{\gamma}, n$) reaction, then comparison of the experimental results for Cu, Zn, and Ag with calculations of Blair is consistent with the suggestion of Bethe and Levinger that the main absorption mechanism of nuclei for photons is electric dipole with a contribution of \ensuremath{\sim}6 percent electric quadrupole absorption. However, for Ta no simple correlation between experiment and theory was found. This is attributed to a failure of the Born approximation used in the Blair calculations.
Real-time echocardiographic guidance for confirming septal placement of right ventricular leads: A pilot study.

Introduction Accuracy of fluoroscopy in predicting septal placement of the right ventricular (RV) leads is poor. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility and impact of real-time transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) during RV lead placement. Method Consecutive patients undergoing transvenous RV lead placement and had a point of care ultrasound team available for TTE guidance were included in the study. TTE was performed to confirm or refute the septal position of RV lead initially positioned using fluoroscopy; leads were repositioned until a septal position was confirmed on TTE. The primary outcome measured was whether the use of TTE resulted in lead repositioning. Result Among the 26 patients included in the study, real-time TTE during RV lead placement resulted in reposition of the lead to a septal position in 38.5% of patients. Conclusion Use of real-time TTE guidance during fluoroscopic RV lead placement is feasible and can aid in confirming a septal position.
The “End” of Orgasm: The Erotics of Durational Pleasures

This essay examines how capitalism and colonialism collude to produce a high value on the “end” of the erotic—the orgasm—and rather proposes an end to the hierarchical valuing of orgasmic pleasure....
Actual Concepts of Interface Kinetics

Publisher Summary The crystal growth process is reversible. The net growth rate is the difference between the arrival rate and the departure rate of atoms at the crystal surface. At equilibrium, these two rates are equal. When both phases are present, the crystal grows when the interface is below the equilibrium temperature and melts when then temperature is above the equilibrium temperature. There are atoms that belong to each phase and the transition between the two phases occurs atom by atom or molecule by molecule. The rate of crystallization is expressed as the product of four terms: a length, a frequency, a term that depends on the structure of the interface, and the free energy difference between the two phases. The atoms or molecules at the interface join and leave the crystal at rates that depend only on their local environment and on the local departure from equilibrium. Their motion depends on their individual kinetic energies and the local potentials to which they are subjected.
BIOPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIOPHAGE NUCLEIC ACID.

Publisher Summary The chapter discusses the biophysical characterization of bacteriophage nucleic acid. While bacteriophages have molecular weights of millions to hundreds of millions, nevertheless, in a few instances, their chemical composition is known to a considerable extent. In the main, their principal chemical constituents are protein and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), with the latter accounting for up to one-half of the particle weight. For the T-even bacteriophages, one generally alludes to three classes of proteins, characterized fortuitously perhaps, by their morphological localizations: (1) a “head” protein, which comprises the membrane surrounding the nucleic acid of the head, and is left behind as a “ghost” when bacteriophages are subjected to osmotic shock and their DNA is released; (2) “tail” proteins, which are involved in the adsorption and penetration phases of infection; and (3) a non-sedimentahle protein, commonly referred to as “internal” protein. The DNA of the T-even bacteriophages is unique since along with the usual constituent bases adenine, thymine, and guanine it contains 5hydroxymethy lcytosine instead of cytosine. Apparently a small amount of 6-methylaminopurine also occurs in T2 DNA, while it has been reported that 5-hydroxymethyl uracil has been isolated from the DNA of the bacteriophage SP8. The physical dimensions and the organization of the nucleic acid of bacteriophage is very much the result of many different areas of biophysical investigation, among which may be mentioned density gradient equilibrium sedimentation, autoradiography, electron microscopy, birefringence studies, and X-ray diffraction. The chapter discusses these techniques in the light of what information each has contributed to the elucidation of the physical state of the nucleic acid within bacteriophage.
Scattering from Rock and Rock Outcrops

Abstract : In terms of target detection and classification, scattering from exposed rock on the seafloor, (i.e., individual rocks and rock outcrops) presents some of the most difficult challenges for modern MCM and ASW sonar systems in shallow water. Work on characterizing, modeling and simulating mean levels and other statistical measures of acoustic scattering from rocks and rock outcrops is therefore critical. Unfortunately (and curiously) information on scattering from underwater rock and outcrops is almost non-existent. Scattering from rock outcrops is not simple enough to be encompassed by a single scattering strength curve, but has a variety of expressions depending on the exact geomorphology of the rock. Smoothed surfaces may actually scatter less than surrounding sediment; curvature may dramatically affect scattering and rough areas as seen in the plucked area on the rock outcrop in Fig. 1, display high variability which could pose difficulty for target detection and classification systems. The primary long-term goal of this research project is to increase our understanding and modeling of high-frequency acoustic scattering from rock and rock outcrops. In addition to an increase in our basic understanding of the characteristics of scattering from rock, any resulting advances in modeling would be useful for improving simulation capabilities and for improving detection and classification tools. Inverse models based on forward models would be essential for using sonar systems for remote sensing of seafloor properties. An understanding of spatial coherence functions for isotropic and anisotropic rough seafloor surfaces could allow a method for separating natural target -like objects such as rough rock from man-made targets.
Anger, Cognition, Ideology: What Crash Can Show Us About Emotion

Abstract (E): Sue J. Kim’s essay “Anger, Cognition, Ideology: What Crash Can Show Us About Emotion” argues for the relevance and importance of cognitive studies to ethnic and postcolonial literary studies, and vice versa. After surveying recent developments in the field of cognitive studies, the essay combines cultural and cognitive approaches in order to examine anger in and around the 2005 Paul Haggis film Crash . Abstract (F): Dans cet article, l’auteur fait un plaidoyer pour l’application des etudes cognitives aux etudes ethniques et postcoloniales et inversement. L’essai presente d’abord un survol des recents developpements dans le domaine des etudes cognitives, puis combine les approches culturelles et cognitives dans une lecture detaillee du theme de la colere dans le film Crash de Paul Haggis (2005).