cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Biologic Resurfacing of the Glenoid With Humeral Head Resurfacing for Glenohumeral Arthritis in the Young Patient

Introduction The treatment of glenohumeral arthritis in a young patient poses a significant challenge. Factors that affect decision making include higher activity levels, greater expectations, and concerns of implant longevity. Conflicting results have been reported in the literature. The purpose of this study is to report on our results for resurfacing of the humeral head combined with a biologic glenoid resurfacing using a soft tissue allograft for the treatment of glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Methods From 2003 to 2009 a retrospective multi-center review of 15 humeral and biologic glenoid resurfacing procedures with a mean age of 36.5 yrs. was performed. Indications for surgery included a diagnosis of glenohumeral arthritis non-responsive to conservative treatment. Exclusion criteria included major glenoid osseous deficiency, advanced rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic infection. Results Mean follow-up of 57.1 months showed that on average active forward elevation improved from 126.8° to 136° and external rotation improved from 27.1° to 35.3°. The mean pre-operative and post-operative VAS score only improved from 7.9 to 5.1. Five (29%) patients were converted a total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) at an average of 24 months with no complications in the remaining patients. Discussion The clinical outcome of humeral head resurfacing with soft tissue resurfacing of the glenoid has not yielded encouraging results, as both pain and function are not significantly improved. Due to the disappointing results of this procedure and high revision rate, it is no longer these authors primary treatment option for OA in the young. Determining the optimal treatment for osteoarthritis in the young patient is still being investigated.
Surfaces and Colloids

Ceramic fabrication processes would often benefit from using powders with very small particles. However, such powders are notoriously difficult to handle when dry. They get airborne very easily, making everything look messy very quickly, and often pose significant health hazards. They readily form fluffy aggregates that make it difficult to pour the powder into dies and molds. They stick strongly to die walls and trap large amounts of air when pressed in dies. These processing problems led to the belief that there was an optimum particle size of about 1 µm. The optimum was supposedly determined by a trade-off between the benefit of improving sintering rates and the detriment of increasing particle handling problems with decreasing particle size. However, handling of fine particles as suspensions in liquids (or colloids) rather than as dry powders can facilitate the ceramic forming processes and thus extend downward the range of practically useful particle sizes significantly. Actually, particle suspensions have traditionally been used in tape casting and slip casting, as described in Chapter 12. More recently, success in producing submicrometer, nearly monodispersed powders (consisting of particles of all the same size and shape) has made possible vast improvements in the perfection of the ceramic bodies obtained by colloidal consolidation methods. One could think of colloidal consolidation methods as a glorified name for what are really just variants of the old mudpie baking. The practical aspects of these methods are described in Chapter 12.
Advanced analytics group and intraorganisational power

Organisations are challenged by increased environmental complexity and uncertainty. Advanced analytics and the processing of big data offer a potential solution to reducing this challenge. Advanced analytic groups have been established in organisations to provide services and support for these new tools and their related data. The degree of intraorganisational power accumulated by these groups could help promote adoption of these services and improve organisational performance. A research framework and propositions are developed to promote the evaluation of intraorganisational power as a mediating variable toward understanding the contribution of advanced analytics groups' contributions to organisation performance.
Abstract 23: Characterization of MitoTimer, a Novel Tool for Monitoring Mitochondrial Turnover

Fluorescent Timer, or DsRed1-E5, is a mutant of the red fluorescent protein, dsRed, developed by Terskikh and colleagues. Its fluorescence shifts over time from green to red as the protein matures. This molecular clock gives temporal and spatial information on protein turnover. To visualize mitochondrial turnover, we targeted Timer to the mitochondrial matrix with a mitochondrial targeting sequence (coined “MitoTimer”) and cloned it into a tetracycline-inducible promoter construct to regulate its expression. Here we report characterization of this novel fluorescent reporter for mitochondrial dynamics. Tet-On HEK 293 cells were transfected with pTRE-tight-MitoTimer and induced production with doxycycline. Mitochondrial distribution was demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy and verified by subcellular fractionation and western blot analysis. Doxycycline addition for as little as 1hr was sufficient to label mitochondria. MitoTimer was detected as early as 4hr following doxycycline addition, and persisted in mitochondria for at least 72hr. The color-specific conformation of MitoTimer was stable after fixation with 4% paraformaldehyde. MitoTimer matured to red fluorescence within 48hr, at which time a second pulse of doxycycline induced expression of green (immature) MitoTimer which was selectively incorporated into a subset of mitochondria actively engaged in protein import. The extent of new protein incorporation during a second pulse was increased under conditions of mito-biogenesis and reduced if mitochondrial membrane potential was dissipated. We conclude that MitoTimer can be used to monitor mitophagy and biogenesis.
Pediatrician Competency in Breastfeeding Support Has Room for Improvement.

* Abbreviation: AAP — : American Academy of Pediatrics The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends breastfeeding as the preferred method of infant feeding. The protection, promotion, and support of breastfeeding are matters of public health policy and important roles for pediatricians.1 In this issue of Pediatrics , Feldman-Winter et al2 provide a summary and analysis of the data from 3 AAP Periodic Surveys of Fellows, conducted in 1995, 2004, and 2014, examining knowledge and attitudes of fellows of the AAP regarding breastfeeding. In examining the trends, the authors conclude that pediatricians’ recommendations and practices have become more closely aligned with AAP policy between 1995 and 2014; however, their attitudes about the likelihood of breastfeeding success have worsened, so continued efforts to enhance pediatricians’ training about breastfeeding are necessary. Between 19953 and 20144 (most recent national data available), breastfeeding initiation rose from 60% to 82%, and 6-month breastfeeding rates for any (not exclusive) breastfeeding increased from 21% to 55%. These improvements in breastfeeding rates occurred across a backdrop of increased awareness regarding the importance of breastfeeding for women’s and children’s health outcomes while significant national initiatives promoted breastfeeding. In 2011, the US Department of Health and Human Services published “The Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding,”5 which established a national breastfeeding agenda with 20 action steps to encourage all segments of society to improve breastfeeding support. It called for … Address correspondence to Joan Younger Meek, MD, MS, Florida State University College of Medicine, 1115 West Call St, Tallahassee, FL 32306. E-mail: joan.meek{at}med.fsu.edu
Real-time life-cycle assessment of circuit breakers for maintenance using online condition monitoring data

Life-cycle assessment of power system circuit breakers (CB), if efficiently done, can well lead to an optimal decision on when, where, and how to perform maintenance activities. This paper elaborates a new approach on the identification of CB's deterioration/recovery states, i.e., the so called life-cycle assessment, using its control circuit condition monitoring data. Reliability-oriented performance indices, which can assess the condition of different physical parts of a CB in real time, are introduced first. Then, a quantitative methodology to define the probability of the CB falling into each class of deterioration/recovery states i.e., healthy, vulnerable, troubled, and failed is proposed. Using this approach, maintenance decisions can be more effectively made on different parts of a CB, the impact of maintenance can be well quantified, and system-wide maintenance optimization with respect to the condition-based differentiation of CBs all over the system can be made possible. Field CB condition data recorded at different time intervals during the operation of CB is utilized to evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Two-Component Velocity Probability Density Measurements During Premixed Combustion in a Spark Ignition Engine

A two-component laser Doppler velocimeter is used to investigate turbulence during confined premixed combustion in an internal combustion engine. Of particular interest is the effect of unidirectional compression on the turbulence structure of the preflame gas, and the effect of the density jump across the flame on the turbulence in the burned gas. Measurements are presented for two components of turbulence intensity and their probability density functions, the correlation coefficient, and the joint probability density function. It is concluded that for low levels of preflame turbulence, both compression in front of the flame and expansion through it cause an increase in the turbulence intensity. For high initial levels of turbulence, however, compression has a negligible effect on the preflame turbulence, and expansion across the flame actually results in reduced turbulence levels.
Ethical Considerations in Sudden Mass Casualty Incidents and Disasters

Sudden mass casualty incidents (SMCIs) and disasters may overwhelm the local and regional healthcare systems, and it will be more evident in events where the infrastructure of the city is partially or completely destroyed, such as in earthquakes, hurricanes, and devastating flooding.
Carnitine in Neonatal Nutrition

Experimental evidence from several investigators suggests that carnitine is a conditionally essential nutrient for neonates. If camitine is a conditionally essential nutrient for the neonate, most ...
Threshold-Defined Logic and Interconnect for Protection Against Reverse Engineering

Securing the intellectual property (IP) from counterfeiting is an important goal toward trustworthy computing. Camouflaging of logic gates is a well-known technique to prevent an adversary from de-layering the chip and stealing IP. In this paper, we propose threshold voltage modulation to realize 2-input static camouflaged logic that can hide six functionalities. We extend the concept of threshold-voltage defined logic to propose multi-input camouflaged gates capable of hiding six 3-input Boolean functions (NAND, NOR, AOI, OAI, XOR, and XNOR). We also propose interconnect camouflaging technique which hides the original connectivity of nets using a novel threshold-voltage defined pass transistor mux. Since threshold voltages are asserted during fabrication and are difficult to identify during optical reverse engineering (RE)-based techniques, the adversary will be forced to launch a brute-force search. We present a thorough analysis of RE effort and overheads associated with the proposed camouflaging techniques. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using fabricated test-chip in 65 nm technology.
Using SFP Data to Detect Contaminated Fiber Connectors

We explore the use of optical power measurement data from SFP optical transceivers for the detection of contaminated fiber connectors. Due to the accuracy limitations of this data we find that this data cannot be used to detect fingerprint oil. However, we have been able to detect dust and present a general detection rule to declare a fiber connector as contaminated with dust. We also develop a contamination score to express the severity of contamination. Lastly, our study provides deep insight into the accuracy limitations of SFP power measurement data.
The History of the SIGCSE Submission and Review Software: From Paper to the Cloud?

The submission and review process for the SIGCSE Symposium has evolved dramatically over the last half-century, reflecting changing expectations among SIGCSE members and advancing capabilities of technology. For almost 30 years, postal mail provided the vehicle for both paper submissions and reviews, and logistical constraints prevented the involvement of reviewers outside North America. Initial electronic submission and review options experimented with new technology and opened reviewing to SIGCSE members internationally. With growing experience, the home-grown submission and review system included new capabilities and could be expanded to additional conferences. Recently, cloud-based software has evolved to provide strong support for professional conferences. Over the years, the scale of the submission and reviewing process also has increased dramatically. In 1968, 18 papers were accepted from "over 40" submissions, whereas 161 papers were accepted from 459 submissions in 2018. This scale of activity impacts the overall process, and the software systems have required substantial alterations. Throughout, the focus of the submission and review system has remained the same: a fair, peer-reviewed system with a large number of volunteer reviewers, a quick turnaround of all reviews, and ease of use for all the stakeholders - contributors, attendees, reviewers, meta-reviewers, conference leaders, and system administrators. This article explores the evolution of the SIGCSE submission and review system, focusing on the last twenty years. Each phase of development highlights interactions among stakeholder interests, technological capabilities, and logistical requirements for handling the scope of papers submitted
Modeling of novel resist technologies

Author(s): Long, L; Neureuther, AR; Naulleau, PP | Abstract: In response to the difficulties posed by the resolution, line edge roughness, sensitivity (RLS) trade-off to traditional chemically amplified resist (CAR) systems used for extreme ultraviolet lithography, a number of novel resist technologies have been proposed. In this paper, the effect of quencher loading on three resist technologies is analyzed via an error propagation-based resist simulator. In order of increasing novelty as well as complexity, they are: Conventional CAR with quencher, CAR with photodecomposable base, and PSCAR 2.0, a CAR system with photodecomposable base as well as an EUV-activated UV-sensitive resist component. Simulation finds the more complicated resist systems trade in an increase in resist stochastics for improved deprotection slopes, yielding a net benefit in terms of line width roughness.
Acetabular Fractures in the Elderly

GV is a 76-year-old man who complains of severe left hip pain after a fall from standing height. He was transferred to the emergency department by EMS. On presentation, he demonstrates a GCS of 15 and denies any loss of consciousness. On primary survey, his airway is patent, and he is hemodynamically stable. On secondary survey, he demonstrates severe pain with passive range of the left hip. His secondary survey is otherwise negative.
Measurement of bystander actions in violence intervention evaluation: Opportunities and Challenges.

This review discusses design and methodological challenges specific to measuring bystander actions in the evaluation of bystander-based violence prevention programming. “Bystanders” are defined as people who are present immediately before, during, and/or after a violent event, but are not a perpetrator nor the intended victim. Bystander-based violence prevention programs seek to prevent or mitigate violent events by empowering bystanders to intervene on acts of violence and social norms that promulgate violence. Effective bystander-based violence prevention programs demonstrate increased bystander intentions, actions, and attitudes [Bringing in the Bystander: Banyard et al. J Community Psychol. 2007;35:463-481; iSCREAM: McMahon et al. Health Education Research. 2015;30(4):554-568; The Men's Project: Gidycz et al. Violence Against Women. 2011;7(6):720-742; and Green Dot: Coker et al. Violence Against Women 2011;17:777-796] lowered violence acceptance scores (Coker et al. Violence Against Women 2011;17:777-796; Banyard et al. J Coll Stud Dev 2009;50(4)446-457; Cares et al. Violence Against Women. 2015;21:65-87; McMahon et al. Health Education Research. 2015;30(4):554-568; Moynihan et al. J Interper Viol. 2015;30:110-132) and reduce sexual violence perpetration and victimization (Coker et al. Am J Prev Med. 2017;52(5):566-578; Millet et al. Am J Prev Med 2013;45(1):108-112; Gidcyz et al. Violence Against Women. 2011;7(6):720-742). However, bystander-based violence prevention programs are methodologically challenging to evaluate, due to the wide diversity of programs being implemented and the multifactorial and contextual nature of acts of violence. Measures of bystander actions temporally connected to specific, high-risk opportunities are recommended approaches to capture bystander experiences and address the methodological challenges in measuring bystander actions and evaluating violence prevention programming.
The Role of Integrin α D β 2 in Macrophage Migration.

Integrin α D β 2 (CD11d/CD18), the most recently discovered member of the β 2 sub-family of adhesion receptors, is strongly upregulated on macrophage foam cells which underscores its potential role in atherosclerosis. However, the contribution of α D β 2 to monocyte/macrophage adhesive reactions and the significance of its overexpression on these cells remain unknown. Recently we characterized α D β 2 as a multiligand receptor capable of binding many extracellular matrix proteins with the recognition specificity overlapping that of the major myeloid-specific integrin α M β 2 (Mac-1). We hypothesized that the α D β 2 ability to bind numerous ligands in the extracellular matrix and its capacity to be upregulated to high density on the surface of macrophages may modulate cell adhesiveness and, thus, affect migration. To evaluate the role of α D β 2 in migration, we generated model and natural cells expressing different densities of α D β 2 and tested their migration to different extracellular matrix proteins. In vitro studies demonstrated that α D β 2 expressed at low densities, either on the surface of HEK293 cells or the mouse macrophage cell line IC-21, supported migration which was partially inhibited by anti-α D function-blocking antibodies. Furthermore, β 1 and β 3 integrins expressed on HEK293 cells and IC-21 macrophages, respectively, contributed to migration because anti-β 1 and anti-β 3 antibodies inhibited migration. Increased expression of α D β 2 on the surface of HEK293 cells and its upregulation by PMA on IC-21 macrophages resulted in the inhibition of cell migration. Ligation of α D β 2 with anti-α D antibodies restored β 1 - and β 3 -driven cell migration by means of removing restraints imposed by the excess of the α D β 2 -ligand adhesive bonds. To test the possibility that progressive upregulation of α D β 2 can block macrophage migration in vivo , we assessed the effect of anti-α D function blocking antibodies using the thioglycollate-induced peritonitis model. More than 4-fold upregulation of α D β 2 was detected on macrophages in 72 h after thioglycollate stimulation and, similar to in vitro studies, the numbers of migration macrophages increased in the presence of anti-α D antibodies. These results demonstrate that the density of α D β 2 can modulate cell migration and suggest that low levels of α D β 2 can contribute to monocyte migration while α D β 2 upregulation on differentiated macrophages might facilitate their retention at the site of inflammation.
Learning and transfer of complex motor skills in virtual reality: a perspective review

The development of more effective rehabilitative interventions requires a better understanding of how humans learn and transfer motor skills in real-world contexts. Presently, clinicians design interventions to promote skill learning by relying on evidence from experimental paradigms involving simple tasks, such as reaching for a target. While these tasks facilitate stringent hypothesis testing in laboratory settings, the results may not shed light on performance of more complex real-world skills. In this perspective, we argue that virtual environments (VEs) are flexible, novel platforms to evaluate learning and transfer of complex skills without sacrificing experimental control. Specifically, VEs use models of real-life tasks that afford controlled experimental manipulations to measure and guide behavior with a precision that exceeds the capabilities of physical environments. This paper reviews recent insights from VE paradigms on motor learning into two pressing challenges in rehabilitation research: 1) Which training strategies in VEs promote complex skill learning? and 2) How can transfer of learning from virtual to real environments be enhanced? Defining complex skills by having nested redundancies, we outline findings on the role of movement variability in complex skill acquisition and discuss how VEs can provide novel forms of guidance to enhance learning. We review the evidence for skill transfer from virtual to real environments in typically developing and neurologically-impaired populations with a view to understanding how differences in sensory-motor information may influence learning strategies. We provide actionable suggestions for practicing clinicians and outline broad areas where more research is required. Finally, we conclude that VEs present distinctive experimental platforms to understand complex skill learning that should enable transfer from therapeutic practice to the real world.
Relationships between white-footed mice and logging residue: Informing the sustainability of potential wood bioenergy harvests

Abstract We examined local and site-scale relationships between white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) and logging residue after timber harvests to assess potential effects of expanding bioenergy markets in the southern Appalachian region of the United States. We sampled mice in 10 recent (2013–2015) clearcut or shelterwood harvests dominated either by white pine or hardwoods prior to harvest. We captured mice May–August, 2016 and 2017 using 10 grids of 60 Sherman traps spaced 15 m apart and set twice for five consecutive nights in each year. We categorized traps as either near (≤5 m) or far (>5 m) from coarse woody debris (CWD; woody debris ≥10 cm in diameter). We estimated site-level woody debris volumes using modified prism sweep sampling and determined vegetation, woody debris, and ground cover composition at each trap location. White-footed mouse occupancy increased with greater trap-level CWD cover in all stands, and greater site-level woody debris volume in white pine stands. Mouse abundance increased with greater site-level woody debris volume, and abundance was greater at white pine sites than hardwood sites. These results demonstrate that residual logging debris is important to white-footed mice, both at the local- and site-scale. Reductions in residual logging debris following harvests, including via removal of low value stems for wood bioenergy, likely will result in decreased white-footed mouse occupancy and abundance. We recommend developing proactive strategies to retain scattered logging residues following even-aged timber harvests, especially in cases where bioenergy harvests occur in the southern Appalachian region.
Simultaneous multi-dimensional spatial frequency modulation imaging

One of the primary challenges in advanced manufacturing (AM) is the lack of efficient optical metrics for ensuring quality control over the manufacturing process. Many current imaging techniques ha...
Assessment of Anti-Oxidant Markers of Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a late-occurring inflammatory condition post- allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), which involves multiple distinct interactions among alloreactive dysregulated T and B cells. Prior studies have shown that autoantibodies to platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) induce tyrosine phosphorylation and accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), causing expression of collagen type-1 gene through the Ha-Ras-Erk1/2–ROS signaling pathway. We hypothesize that antioxidant markers of inflammation (8-OHdG, total antioxidant levels, CXCL4 and pH2Ax) will be elevated in patients with scleroderma cGVHD compared to patients who do not develop cGVHD or have non-scleroderma cGVHD. Patients (n=36) were consented on an IRB-approved protocol for a cross-sectional single time point biospecimen collection. Patients with established cGVHD (n=29) or ≥2 years post-HCT without clinical manifestations of cGVHD (n=7) were included. Patients with cGVHD were divided into Scleroderma cGVHD (n=14) and Non-scleroderma cGVHD (n=15). Median age was 49 (range: 21-69) and 56 years (range: 18-72) for patients with scleroderma (group 1) and without scleroderma or no GVHD (group 2), respectively. Median prior lines of therapy was 3.2 (range: 2-5) for patients in group 1. All patients is group 1 and 77% of patients in group 2 received PBCSs as the graft source. Transplant was from a matched unrelated (group 1: 75%, group 2: 73%) or a matched sibling donor (group 1: 25%, group 2: 23%). Tacrolimus/sirolimus was the most commonly used GVHD prophylactic regimen in both groups (group 1: 83% and group 2: 64%). Peripheral blood samples were drawn at a single time point post-HCT, and serum samples were used for ELISA assays for levels of total antioxidants, 8-OHdG, and CXCL4. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to investigate percentage of Tregs and pH2AX+ cells. There were no differences in the total antioxidant levels, CXCL4 and Tregs between groups 1 and 2. Using a cutoff threshold of 10 ng/ml of 8-OHdG, 11 patients (78%) in group 1 and 9 patients (40.9%) in groups 2 had elevated levels of 8-OHdG (p=0.029, Fisher's exact). Percentage of pH2AX expressing cells was lower in group 2. At the cutoff threshold of 37%, only one patient (7%) in group 1 and 13 patients (59%) in group 2 had more than 37% pH2AX-expressing CD45+ cells in their peripheral blood (p=0.002, Fisher's exact). In conclusion, our pilot cross-sectional study showed that scleroderma cGVHD is associated with increased ROS levels (8-OHdG) without elevation of pH2AX cells in peripheral blood T cells. Our results indicate that ROS elevation in scleroderma patients may be a stress response to inflammatory milieu and is independent of DNA damage. Our data justify further prospective cohort studies to define the role of ROS markers in scleroderma cGVHD and to develop novel strategies to treat/prevent cGVHD.
Student Pharmacists' Ability to Organize Complex Medication Regimens According to the Universal Medication Schedule.

Objective. To assess student pharmacists’ ability to impact the administration of complex prescription regimens using the universal medication schedule in a standardized laboratory exercise. Methods. First and third professional year (P1 and P3) student pharmacists at three colleges of pharmacy completed a required activity to simplify and organize a complex medication regimen. Using a medication box, students planned how and when they would advise a patient to take seven fictitious medications over a 24-hour period. Picture documentation of each students’ activity was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to compare P1 and P3 students’ performance, and an independent t test was used to assess the frequency of daily dosing. A chi-square analysis was used to compare differences between P1 and P3 students, and analysis of variance was used to compare differences among individual institutions. Results. Of 842 students invited, 459 P1 and 372 P3 students (98.7%) consented to participate. Student pharmacists recommended 5.1 (SD=1.0; Range=3-11) dosing intervals per 24 hours, with 27% of students successfully reducing the regimen to four total intervals. The P3 students were more effective than the P1 students in planning the number of dosing intervals (4.9 vs 5.4 per 24 hours). Conclusion. Student pharmacists may become more effective at organizing complex medication regimens as they proceed through the pharmacy curriculum and gain experience. Student pharmacists can translate what they learned from this exercise to potentially improve patients’ self-organized medication regimens.
Dynamic N1-Methyladenosine in Plant Messenger RNA.

Deposition of different chemical groups onto RNA generates diverse RNA modifications. All types of prokaryotic and eukaryotic RNA can undergo modifications. For example, methylation of the adenosine bases at the nitrogen-6 or nitrogen-1 position generates N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and N1-
Sparse Epistatic Regularization of Deep Neural Networks for Inferring Fitness Functions

Abstract Despite recent advances in high-throughput combinatorial mutagenesis assays, the number of labeled sequences available to predict molecular functions has remained small for the vastness of the sequence space combined with the ruggedness of many fitness functions. Expressive models in machine learning (ML), such as deep neural networks (DNNs), can model the nonlinearities in rugged fitness functions, which manifest as high-order epistatic interactions among the mutational sites. However, in the absence of an inductive bias, DNNs overfit to the small number of labeled sequences available for training. Herein, we exploit the recent biological evidence that epistatic interactions in many fitness functions are sparse; this knowledge can be used as an effective inductive bias to regularize DNNs. We have developed a method for sparse epistatic regularization of DNNs, called the epistatic net (EN), which constrains the number of non-zero coefficients in the spectral representation of DNNs. For larger sequences, where finding the spectral transform becomes computationally intractable, we have developed a scalable extension of EN, which subsamples the combinatorial sequence space uniformly inducing a sparse-graph-code structure, and regularizes DNNs using the resulting novel greedy optimization method. Results on several biological landscapes, from bacterial to protein fitness functions, showed that EN consistently improves the prediction accuracy of DNNs and enables them to outperform baseline supervised models in ML which assume other forms of inductive biases. EN estimates all the higher-order epistatic interactions of DNNs trained on massive combinatorial sequence spaces—a computational problem that takes years to solve without leveraging the epistatic sparsity structure in the fitness functions.
Multisite Study of Evoked Potentials in Rett Syndrome.

Objective The aim of the current study was to evaluate the utility of evoked potentials as a biomarker of cortical function in Rett syndrome (RTT). As a number of disease-modifying therapeutics are currently under development, there is a pressing need for biomarkers to objectively and precisely assess the effectiveness of these treatments. Method Yearly visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) were acquired from individuals with RTT, aged 2 to 37 years, and control participants across 5 sites as part of the Rett Syndrome and Related Disorders Natural History Study. Baseline and year 1 data, when available, were analyzed and the repeatability of the results was tested. Two syndrome-specific measures from the Natural History Study were used for evaluating the clinical relevance of the VEP and AEP parameters. Results At the baseline study, group level comparisons revealed reduced VEP and AEP amplitude in RTT compared to control participants. Further analyses within the RTT group indicated that this reduction was associated with RTT-related symptoms, with greater severity associated with lower VEP and AEP amplitude. In participants with RTT, VEP and AEP amplitude was also negatively associated with age. Year 1 follow-up data analyses yielded similar findings and evidence of repeatability of EPs at the individual level. Interpretation The present findings indicate the promise of evoked potentials (EPs) as an objective measure of disease severity in individuals with RTT. Our multisite approach demonstrates potential research and clinical applications to provide unbiased assessment of disease staging, prognosis, and response to therapy. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:790-802.
Electrostatic Jumping of Frost

The electrification of ice has been a subject of research since 1940, mostly in the context of charge generation in thunderstorms. This generation of electric charge is spontaneous, distinct from applying an external electric field to affect the diffusive growth of ice crystals. Here, we exploit the spontaneous electrification of ice to reveal a surprising phenomenon of jumping frost dendrites. We use side-view high-speed imaging to experimentally observe frost dendrites breaking off from mother dendrites and/or the substrate to jump out-of-plane toward an opposing polar liquid. Analytical and numerical models are then developed to estimate the attractive force between the frost dendrites and liquid, in good agreement with the experimental results. These models estimate the extent of charge separation within a growing sheet of frost, which is caused by mismatches in the mobilities of the charge carriers in ice. Our findings show that the unexpected jumping frost event can serve as a model system for resolving long-standing questions in atmospheric physics regarding charge separation in ice, while also having potential as a deicing construct.
University of Central Florida Campus-Wide Deep Dive

Author(s): Zurawski, Jason; Miller, Ken; Addleman, Hans | Abstract: EPOC uses the Deep Dive process to discuss and analyze current and planned science use cases and anticipated data output of a particular use case, site, or project to help inform the strategic planning of a campus or regional networking environment. This includes understanding future needs related to network operations, network capacity upgrades, and other technological service investments. A Deep Dive comprehensively surveys major research stakeholders’ plans and processes in order to investigate data management requirements over the next 5–10 years. Deep Dives help ensure that key stakeholders have a common understanding of the issues and the actions that a campus or regional network may need to undertake to offer solutions. The EPOC team leads the effort and relies on collaboration with the hosting site or network, and other affiliated entities that participate in the process. EPOC organizes, convenes, executes, and shares the outcomes of the review with all stakeholders. Between December 2020 and August 2021, staff members from the Engagement and Performance Operations Center (EPOC) met with researchers and staff at University of Central Florida (UCF) for the purpose of a Campus-Wide Deep Dive into research drivers. The goal of this meeting was to help characterize the requirements for five campus research use cases and to enable cyberinfrastructure support staff to better understand the needs of the researchers they support.
Structure Analysis of Magnetic Coupling Resonant for Wireless Power Transmission System

Using magnetically coupled resonators coils in a strongly coupled near field was suggested for wireless power transfer. A circuit model is presented along with a derivation of key system concepts such as frequency splitting, the maximum operating distance (critical coupling). Here, a simple circuit topological structure, the series-shunt-mixed resonant coupling, is presented with better performance in the transfer distance and efficiency. The theoretical analysis and experimental verifications of several resonant coupling structures have been investigated by several groups. In the experimental verification, a pair of resonant coils with 15 cm diameter was used. The experimental results show that high efficiency of 85% was achieved at a distance of 10 cm and 45% efficiency at 20 cm. Through the developed model, it is seen that the system can transfer power over a midrange of a few meters and that impedance matching is important to achieve high efficiency.
Woodland pond salamander abundance in relation to forest management and environmental conditions in northern Wisconsin

Woodland ponds are important landscape features that help sustain populations of amphibians that require this aquatic habitat for successful reproduction. Species abundance patterns often reflect site-specific differences in hydrology, physical characteristics, and surrounding vegetation. Large-scale processes such as changing land cover and environmental conditions are other potential drivers influencing amphibian populations in the Upper Midwest, but little information exists on the combined effects of these factors. We used Blue-spotted (Ambystoma laterale Hallowell) and Spotted Salamander (A. maculatum Shaw) monitoring data collected at the same woodland ponds thirteen years apart to determine if changing environmental conditions and vegetation cover in surrounding landscapes influenced salamander movement phenology and abundance. Four woodland ponds in northern Wisconsin were sampled for salamanders in April 1992-1994 and 2005-2007. While Blue-spotted Salamanders were more abundant than Spotted Salamanders in all ponds, there was no change in the numbers of either species over the years. However, peak numbers of Blue-spotted Salamanders occurred 11.7 days earlier (range: 9-14 days) in the 2000s compared to the 1990s; Spotted Salamanders occurred 9.5 days earlier (range: 3 - 13 days). Air and water temperatures (April 13- 24) increased, on average, 4.8 °C and 3.7 °C, respectively, between the decades regardless of pond. There were no discernible changes in canopy openness in surrounding forests between decades that would have warmed the water sooner (i.e., more light penetration). Our finding that salamander breeding phenology can vary by roughly 10 days in Wisconsin contributes to growing evidence that amphibian populations have responded to changing climate conditions by shifting life-cycle events. Managers can use this information to adjust monitoring programs and forest management activities in the surrounding landscape to avoid vulnerable amphibian movement periods. Considering direct and indirect stressors such as changing habitat and environmental conditions simultaneously to better understand trends in space and time can help improve monitoring programs for this taxa, which is at major risk of continued declines.
California Goes Forward in Recreation

(1954). California Goes Forward in Recreation. Journal of the American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation: Vol. 25, No. 7, pp. 25-53.
Components of a PBNM System

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the architecture of a policy-based network management (PBNM) system. The architecture of a PBNM system is determined by several factors such as the types of policies that are implemented and the granularity of control. A novel feature of the PBNM architecture is the use of policy-based management and process management. Policy-based management is used to select the appropriate processes to execute, and feedback from those processes is used to adjust which policies are then used, according to a finite state machine. The reference architecture of a PBNM system is developed. To better understand the complexities of this architecture, four simple use cases are investigated. The first use case discussed the procedure for the PBNM system to determine what functions a particular user is allowed to perform on a given device. The second use case discussed how the system authenticated a user and then authorized privileges for that user. The third use case concentrated on understanding what operations are performed on a policy from the network manager's point-of-view, and the fourth use case described the operations that the PBNM system must do to support the changing of a policy.
BMV filling in VCL for advanced IC substrates production

Manufacturing progress for all electronics production is determined by the driving forces for the industry which can be summarised as a demand for reduction in costs with improvement in performance — or just short: "faster, smaller and cheaper." For further development progress in circuit miniaturization coupled with the reduction of overall process costs and for meeting the demand for ever more filled BMV's on each plated layer, advances in via filling are required. The filling processes used for a stable production must provide void free, i. e. inclusion free filling and a minimum of surface plated copper simultaneously. This paper describes how to reliably fill BMV's with finest lines and spaces in pattern plate mode with vertical conveyorized lines. The findings are based on equipment using insoluble anodes together with a copper replenishment process. The result of our investigations is an electrolyte with improved BMV filling capability, better within-unit distribution and longer lifetime compared to existing via filling systems.
Initial astrocyte response to electrospun poly-l-lactic acid fibers of varying nanoscale diameters

We hypothesized that fiber diameter within an electrospun fiber scaffold would affect astrocyte elongation and maturation. To examine the relationship, astrocytes were seeded on 400nm and 800nm diameter electrospun PLLA fibers. Immunohistochemistry was used to monitor cell morphology, and GLT-1 expression over the first 96 hours after seeding. The results indicate that astrocytes extended along the primary axis of the 800nm fibers more rapidly than astrocytes seeded on fibers of half the size. While GLT-1 was expressed diffusely throughout the surface of the astrocytes, elongated cell processes exhibited dense regions of GLT-1. These results show that 800nm fibers allowed astrocytes to develop GLT-1 rich cellular processes more rapidly than 400nm fibers. These findings indicate that fiber diameter is an important parameter to consider when designing materials that regulate astrocyte physiology.
Professional Development How To's: Strategies for Surveying Faculty Preferences

The primary purpose of this paper is to report the development, results, and conclusions of a university campus-wide faculty development needs assessment survey. The survey is unique in that it asked faculty to first identify their professional goals and then select activities to help them reach the desired goals. The second purpose is to discuss how faculty at different stages of their careers have different goals.
Reconstructive operations for obstruction of the Fallopian tubes

W HAT might be termed the “renaissance ” in the surgical approach to infertility occurred during the years immediately preceding chemotherapy and antibiotic therapy. Before this time surgical procedures were attemptctl in various forms but, because of the high percentage of failures, were largely discarded. Little that is new has been added recently to the surgical approach, yet operations previously discarded are receiving approbation. I,itt,le in the present paper is new and much has been said by others in previous studies, albeit under different conditions. It was our endeavor to establish, after all else had failed, the eont.inuity of the lumen of the Fallopian tube. Obstructions encountered were variable and included pathologic processes from without as well as inflammatory eonclitions from within. The duration and extent of such processes necessarily influenced the outcome of our endeavors. Our study included only those patients presenting themselves for treatment after the year 1944.
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology

It is a pleasure to welcome you to Santa Fe for UIST 2004, the Seventeenth Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. This year's symposium continues the UIST tradition of being the premier forum for presentation of research innovations in the software and technology of human-computer interfaces. UIST brings together researchers and practitioners from diverse areas that include traditional graphical and web user interfaces, tangible and ubiquitous computing, virtual and augmented reality, multimedia, new input and output devices, and CSCW. The intimate size, the single track, and comfortable surroundings make this symposium an ideal opportunity to exchange research results and implementation experience. The call for papers attracted 118 full paper submissions and 52 TechNote submissions from Asia, Europe, North and South America, and the South Pacific. The program committee accepted 24 full papers (20%) and 12 TechNotes (23%) that cover a variety of exciting topics, including augmented reality, design tools, toolkits, pen and tactile input, and ambient interfaces. In addition, the program includes a keynote speech by Mary Czerwisnki on using theory as a basis for human-computer interaction research and two invited surveys by Saul Greenberg and Joseph Kaye on Physical User Interfaces and Olfactory Displays, respectively. Posters, demos, and our second annual doctoral symposium round out our program; UIST attendees receive a separate document that contains the accepted submissions for those categories. The UIST proceedings are in color for the first time ever and we hope that they will serve as a valuable reference for user interface researchers and practitioners. We have supplemented the proceedings with a DVD containing videos for almost all of the papers, TechNotes, posters, and demonstrations.
Conformance testing of protocols specified as labeled transition systems

In this paper, conformance testing of protocols specified as sets of labeled transition systems (LTSs) is considered. LTSs serve as the semantic model for a number of languages such as CCS, CSP and LOTOS. A straightforward approach to conformance testing of such a protocol is to generate the LTS corresponding to the global behaviour of the set of component LTSs and to apply known test generation procedures to the global LTS. In general, construction of the global behaviour is difficult due to the state explosion problem. Also, testing is complicated due to internal (nonobservable) events and nondeterminism. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to alleviate state explosion in the construction of the global LTS. We also propose how the reduced LTS is used in conformance testing.