cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Correlates of Flock Size and Behavior of Foraging American Flamingos Following Hurricane Gilbert in Yucatan, Mexico

Activity budgets of individual American Flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruber ruber) wintering on the north coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, were measured from mid-January through mid-March 1989 for feeding aggregations ranging in size from 1-8,000 individuals to determine potential social influences on foraging. For groups of <3,500, aggregation size was related positively (r = 0.90) to feeding head down, whereas feeding head up and alert behaviors were related negatively (r = -0.85 and r = -0.85, respectively). Overall, feeding time was higher and aggression was much lower than observed in foraging flocks of American Flamingos in Venezuela. We relate these differences to changes in food abundance and availability following Hurricane Gilbert.
Predicting Absenteeism From Prior Absence And Work Attitudes

The article presents research pertaining to the relationship between an employee's prior absenteeism in one job and subsequent absenteeism on a new position within the same organization. The subjec...
Study on Adaptation of Mid-season Hybrid Rice to Different Cultivation Models in Winter Water-logged Field

In this paper,the adaptation of mid-season hybrid rice to different cultivation models was studied in winter water-logged field. The experiment was conducted with 20 mid-season hybrid rice combinations grown in 3 cultivation models of high-density with low-fertilization( HL),mid-density with mid-fertilization( MM) and low density with high fertilization( LH),a randomized block design was replicated three times,and Data by the variance,correlation,clustering and regression were analyzed. The results showed that there were highly significant differences of grain yield and main sink-source characteristics between 3 cultivation models,20 mid-season hybrid rice combinations and the interaction of cultivation models with hybrid rice combinations. The differences of mean grain yield of 20 hybrid rice combinations in3 cultivation models was in order of HL MM LH,and the hybrid rice combinations of adaptation to 3 cultivation models were screened,respectively. The reason of increasing grain yield for HL compared with other 2 cultivation models of some hybrid rice combinations was that the total spikelets were increased by increasing effective panicles,and one of hybrid rice combinations of decreasing grain yield was that the total spikelets were decreased by decreasing spikelets per panicle. The hybrid rice combinations of seed set percentage lower than 82 % were adapted to HL,and those of seed set percentage higher than 86 %,82 %- 86 % were adapted to MM,LH and MM,respectively. Seed set percentage would be used as the scientific basis for selecting hybrid rice combinations of their adaptation to different cultivation models.
[Liver and heart iron deposition status in patients with β thalassemia major: a multicenter study].

Objective To observe the status of iron deposition in patient with β thalassemia major, and to formulate appropriate treatment strategies. Method The data of status of transfusion and chelation in 135 patients aged from 6 years and 4 months to 17 years and 11 months with β thalassemia major were collected and analyzed. Serum ferritin levels were determined and cardiac and hepatic iron deposition was determined using MRI T2* technology. Result Of the 135 cases studied, 66 were male, and 69 were female, their average age was 12.1 years. Serum ferritin (SF) was determined for 111 cases, it varied from 1 086.8 μg/L to 15 011.5 μg/L. Among them, 16 cases had SF level 4 000 μg/L(48.7%). Liver MRI T2* results showed that in only 8 cases (5.9%) iron content in the liver was in normal range, 19 cases (14.9%) showed mild liver iron deposition;34(25.2%) moderate and 74 (54.8%, the youngest one was only 6 years and 4 months of age) had severe iron deposition respectively. Cardiac MRI T2* showed that in 89 cases(65.9%) iron content in the heart was in normal range;19 cases(14.1%) had mild cardiac iron deposition and 27(20.0%) presented severe iron deposition (the youngest one was only 9 years and 3 months of age). SF level was obviously related to liver and cardiac iron deposition (MRI T2*) r and P value were -0.284, 0.003 and -0.374, 0.000 respectively. In 108 cases regular transfusion and chelation were delayed due to financial problem. The late and insufficient dosage administered and irregular chelation caused the higher SF level and the severe iron deposition. Conclusion The survival status of β thalassemia major in China is worrisome. Majority of them had not received regular transfusion and chelation. Liver and cardiac iron deposition occur early and had a high incidence. Key words: Thalassemia; Ferritins; Iron deposition
Resident Aggression and Abuse in Assisted Living

This article estimates the prevalence and identifies risk factors of resident aggression and abuse in assisted living facilities. We conducted multivariate analyses of resident-level data from an analytic sample of 6,848 older Americans in the 2010 National Survey of Residential Care Facilities. Nationwide, 7.6% of assisted living residents engaged in physical aggression or abuse toward other residents or staff in the past month, 9.5% of residents had exhibited verbal aggression or abuse, and 2.0% of resident engaged in sexual aggression or abuse toward other residents or staff. Dementia and severe mental illness were significant risk factors for all three types of resident aggression and abuse. Resident aggression and abuse in assisted living facilities is prevalent and warrants greater attention from policy makers, researchers, and long-term care providers. Future research is needed to support training and prevention efforts to mitigate this risk.
A hybrid multiscale finite element/peridynamics method

A hybrid method is presented that uses a representative volume element-based multiscale finite element technique combined with a peridynamics method for modeling fracture surfaces. The hybrid method dynamically switches from finite element computations to peridynamics based on a damage criterion defined on the peridynamics grid, which is coincident with the nodes of the finite element mesh. Nodal forces are either computed by the finite element method or peridynamics, as appropriate. The multiscale finite element method used here is a representative volume element-based approach so that inhomogeneous local scale material properties can be derived using homogenization. In addition, automatic cohesive zone insertion is used at the local scale to model fracture initiation. Results demonstrate that local scale flaw distributions can alter fracture patterns and initiation times, and the use of cohesive zone insertion can improve accuracy of crack paths.
Stochastic stabilizability of a class of discrete-time non-linear systems

Abstract This paper presents a characterization of all state covariances assignable by a linear static output feedback controller to a class of discrete-time non-linear stochastic systems and a parametrization of all such controllers that will achieve a desired covariance. These results indirectly provide similar results for fixed-order dynamic feedback compensators. This characterization enables one to test the stochastic stabilizability of such systems by output feedback. An alternative formulation of stochastic stabilizability by output feedback is also included. Then, these results are specialized to the state feedback case and presented together with the previous results of the authors' to form a more complete and unified picture of stochastic stabilizability conditions.
Prospective evaluation of multimodal optical imaging with automated image analysis to detect oral neoplasia in vivo

The 5-year survival rate for patients with oral cancer remains low, in part because diagnosis often occurs at a late stage. Early and accurate identification of oral high-grade dysplasia and cancer can help improve patient outcomes. Multimodal optical imaging is an adjunctive diagnostic technique in which autofluorescence imaging is used to identify high-risk regions within the oral cavity, followed by high-resolution microendoscopy to confirm or rule out the presence of neoplasia. Multimodal optical images were obtained from 206 sites in 100 patients. Histologic diagnosis, either from a punch biopsy or an excised surgical specimen, was used as the gold standard for all sites. Histopathologic diagnoses of moderate dysplasia or worse were considered neoplastic. Images from 92 sites in the first 30 patients were used as a training set to develop automated image analysis methods for identification of neoplasia. Diagnostic performance was evaluated prospectively using images from 114 sites in the remaining 70 patients as a test set. In the training set, multimodal optical imaging with automated image analysis correctly classified 95% of nonneoplastic sites and 94% of neoplastic sites. Among the 56 sites in the test set that were biopsied, multimodal optical imaging correctly classified 100% of nonneoplastic sites and 85% of neoplastic sites. Among the 58 sites in the test set that corresponded to a surgical specimen, multimodal imaging correctly classified 100% of nonneoplastic sites and 61% of neoplastic sites. These findings support the potential of multimodal optical imaging to aid in the early detection of oral cancer. Cancer Prev Res; 10(10); 563-70. ©2017 AACR.
Validation of the Suscep Scale: An Independent Second Look

The consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence (SUSCEP) scale developed by Bearden, Netemeyer, and Teal (1989), has the potential of being a major individual difference measure in consumer behavior. However, to date, no replications of the reliability and validity studies have been accomplished. In the replication tradition, this study examines the factorial structure, reliability, and convergent/ discriminant validity of SUSCEP. With the possible exception of one test item, support was found for SUSCEP.
An Analysis of Industrial Characteristics and Incentives on Foreign Investment: The Case of Rapid Economic Growth in Taiwan

This study measured the impacts of the industrial characteristics and the fiscal incentives that influenced foreign direct investment. We used the fixed effect model with a 2SLS simultaneous equation for the period of rapid economic growth from 1980 to 1996 across nine industries is Taiwan. We found that the wage and market size are positively correlated with foreign national investors, while exports are negatively correlated with overseas Chinese investors. The results also indicated that the tax holiday and the statute for the promotion of upgrading industries affect foreign national investors positively, but that R&D tax credits are ineffective. The relatively high effective tax rates may not deter investments by foreign national investors, thus providing more profitability to a region of economic growth, such as Taiwan. In addition, the profitability of overseas Chinese investors is supported by asset efficiency.
Kinetics as Design Criteria for Post Chlorination

Chemical reactor concepts are applied to the design of postchlorination facilities. The postchlorination process is considered as a multicomponent, open system where several parallel, competing reactions occur simultaneously but with different rates. The rates of these reactions determine the effect of the various components of the effluent on the chlorination process, the holding times needed, and the size and number of chlorine contact tanks necessary. Theoretical considerations and experimental results are presented, verifying the importance of kinetics as design criteria for postchlorination.
Reply to comments on: spectrally-efficient relay selection with limited feedback

In the above mentioned paper, the authors proposed an incremental transmission relay selection (ITRS) protocol, whose diversity-multiplexing-tradeoff performance was illustrated and compared with existing alternatives in Fig. 3 (R. Tannious et al., Oct, 2008). However, in our opinion, these comparisons are unfair and a curve depicted in Fig. 3 is wrong. We discuss the full detail of our comment in this paper.
Information Effects on the Accuracy of Neural Network Financial Forecasting

When data quantities are fixed, as they are for most financial modeling techniques at the time of model construction, a problematic issue in developing optimal models including neural network models is the selection of training and validation sets within the data. A general heuristic used with time-series models and especially with neural network time-series forecasting models is that as the size of the training data set increases, then the accuracy of the time-series model also increases. However, acquiring additional model building data increases the time and financial costs of a model. This chapter investigates the effect of increasing the quantity of data used for training/building neural network forecasting models in the domain of currency exchange. Results indicate that a minimum of one to four years of data is capable of producing maximum performance neural network forecasting models, achieving forecasting accuracy of sixty percent or greater for many currency exchange rates.
Editor’s Choice-Prospective registry of cardiac critical illness in a modern tertiary care Cardiac Intensive Care Unit:

Background:The changing landscape of care in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU) has prompted efforts to redesign the structure and organization of advanced CICUs. Few studies have quantitativel...
Cell- and size-specific analysis of placental extracellular vesicles in maternal plasma and pre-eclampsia

Despite decades of investigation, we cannot predict, prevent, or adequately treat the most common and deadly complications of pregnancy, including pre-eclampsia (pregnancy-induced hypertension). The current working hypothesis for the repeated failures of several multicenter studies that measured a wide variety of biomarkers is common pregnancy complications like pre-eclampsia are most likely heterogeneous syndromes with various etiologies; therefore, no combination of blood-based biomarkers will provide predictive power. Although the clinical syndrome of pre-eclampsia may have various causes, the current dogma is most cases share similar placental pathology, including accelerated chorionic villous maturation and an increased frequency of malperfusion-related infarctions. This pathology is thought to begin in the late first trimester of pregnancy. The challenge has been to develop an approach to monitor placental health in vivo. New contrast-enhanced imaging studies of blood flow to the placenta are providing insights, but rapid liquid-based assays using maternal blood would be more cost-effective. Recently, there has been a growing interest in placental extracellular vesicles (EVs) to determine if these complex lipid-based spheres involved in intercellular communication offer clues to the early pathophysiology of placental damage. Most EVs are nanoscale-sized exosomes (∼60-120 nm) that retain cell-specific plasma membrane surface markers. Their concentration, composition, and relative size distribution may provide clinical predictive power, but more investigation is needed. A major obstacle to advancement in this field has been the lack of EV imaging and isolation assays that can provide both cell- and size-specificity. Nanoscale multiplex high-resolution flow cytometry being developed in a number of laboratories may provide a solution. It is a potential means to quantitate both cell- and size-specific EVs from various cell sources, including the placenta.
Enantiodivergent Pd-catalyzed C–C bond formation enabled through ligand parameterization

Despite the enormous potential for the use of stereospecific cross-coupling reactions to rationally manipulate the three-dimensional structure of organic molecules, the factors that control the transfer of stereochemistry in these reactions remain poorly understood. Here we report a mechanistic and synthetic investigation into the use of enantioenriched alkylboron nucleophiles in stereospecific Pd-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. By developing a suite of molecular descriptors of phosphine ligands, we could apply predictive statistical models to select or design distinct ligands that respectively promoted stereoinvertive and stereoretentive cross-coupling reactions. Stereodefined branched structures were thereby accessed through the predictable manipulation of absolute stereochemistry, and a general model for the mechanism of alkylboron transmetallation was proposed.
Construals of self and group: How racial nominalism can promote adaptive intergroup outcomes for interdependent selves

Previous research has found that interdependent self-construals are related to poorer intergroup outcomes. Here we examine interdependent self-construal specifically in relation to comfort in conte...
A sulphur and uranium fiesta! Synthesis, structure, and characterization of neutral terminal uranium(VI) monosulphide, uranium(VI) η2-disulphide, and uranium(IV) phosphine sulphide complexes

Three new uranium species (C5Me5)2U([double bond, length as m-dash]N-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)([double bond, length as m-dash]S), (C5Me5)2U([double bond, length as m-dash]N-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)(η2-S2), and (C5Me5)2U([double bond, length as m-dash]N-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)(S[double bond, length as m-dash]PMe3) were synthesized and fully characterized by a combination of NMR, IR, and UV/vis-NIR spectroscopies, elemental analysis, and cyclic voltammetry. The solid state structures of (C5Me5)2U([double bond, length as m-dash]N-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)([double bond, length as m-dash]S) and (C5Me5)2U([double bond, length as m-dash]N-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)(η2-S2) were also determined. The compound (C5Me5)2U([double bond, length as m-dash]N-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)([double bond, length as m-dash]S) is the first neutral uranium complex with a terminal sulphido ligand, and (C5Me5)2U([double bond, length as m-dash]N-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)(S[double bond, length as m-dash]PMe3) is the first uranium compound with a coordinated phosphine sulphide ligand. The phosphine sulphide adduct, (C5Me5)2U([double bond, length as m-dash]N-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)(S[double bond, length as m-dash]PMe3), can be synthesized either by reaction of the uranium(iv) complex (C5Me5)2U([double bond, length as m-dash]N-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)(thf) with S[double bond, length as m-dash]PMe3 or by the reaction of the uranium(vi) terminal sulphido complex (C5Me5)2U([double bond, length as m-dash]N-2,6-iPr2-C6H3)([double bond, length as m-dash]S) with PMe3.
Strut-and-Tie Method

Beam theory, including the assumption that plane sections remain plane, does not apply at points closer than the distance h to a discontinuity in applied load or geometry. This leads to the identification of discontinuity regions within reinforced concrete members near concentrated loads, openings, or changes in cross section. Because of their geometry, the full volume of deep beams, dapped ends, and column brackets qualify as discontinuity regions. Thus, structural concrete members are divided into regions where beam theory is valid, often referred to as B-regions, and regions where discontinuities affect member behavior, known as D-regions. Several representative D-regions are illustrated in Fig. 14.1.
The Changing Value of CEOs: Evidence from Market Reaction to Unexpected CEO Death, 1950 - 2009

In many streams of research, modern CEOs are portrayed or implicitly viewed as having a greater impact on firm outcomes as compared to CEOs from earlier times. In this study I consider if one parti...
Development and Validation of an Analytical Method for Quantitation of Sulfolane in Rat and Mouse Plasma by GC–MS

Sulfolane is an industrial solvent commonly used for extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons in the oil refining process, as well in the purification of natural gas. Its wide use and high solubility in water has led to contamination of groundwater. The objective of this work was to develop and validate an analytical method to quantitate sulfolane in rodent plasma in support of the National Toxicology Program toxicology and toxicokinetic studies of sulfolane. The method uses extraction of plasma with ethyl acetate and analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with electron ionization. The method was validated in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rat plasma over the concentration range of 20-100,000 ng/mL. The method was linear (r ≥ 0.99), accurate (mean relative error (RE) ≤ ±5.1%) and precise (relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 2.9%). The absolute recovery was ≥74%. The limit of detection was 0.516 ng/mL. Standards as high as ~2.5 mg/mL could be successfully diluted into the calibration range (mean %RE ≤ ±4.5; %RSD ≤ 4.6). Extracted samples were stable for at least 3 days at ambient and refrigerated temperatures, and freeze/thaw stability in matrix was demonstrated after three cycles over 3 days (calculated concentrations within 90.8-102% of Day 0 concentrations). Sulfolane was stable in frozen plasma for at least 75 days at -80°C (calculated concentrations within 93.0-98.1% of Day 0 concentrations). Matrix evaluation was performed for sulfolane in female SD rat plasma and male and female B6C3F1 mouse plasma (mean %RE ≤ ±4.9; %RSD ≤ 3.3). These data demonstrate that the method is suitable for determination of sulfolane in rodent plasma.
High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of jet cooled trans-deuteroxycarbonyl (trans-DOCO) radical.

The rovibrational spectrum of jet cooled trans-deuteroxycarbonyl (trans-DOCO) radical has been explored at suppressed-Doppler resolution via direct infrared absorption spectroscopy. The trans-DOCO is produced in a supersonic slit discharge of rare-gas/CO mixture doped with D2O, whereby the OD forms an energized adduct with CO, cooling in the supersonic expansion and stabilizing DOCO in the trans well. Active laser-frequency stabilization and collisional quenching of Doppler broadening along the slit axis yield <10 MHz frequency precision, with the absorbance noise approaching the quantum shot-noise limit. The current high-resolution spectral results are in excellent agreement with recent studies of the trans-DOCO radical by infrared frequency comb spectroscopy under room temperature conditions [Bui et al., Mol. Phys. 116, 3710 (2018)]. Combined with previous microwave/millimeter wave rotational studies, the suppressed-Doppler infrared data permit characterization of the vibrational ground state, improved structural parameters for the OD stretch vibrational level, and trans-DOCO spin-rotation information in both ground and excited vibrational states. Additionally, the infrared data reveal a-type and much weaker b-type contributions to the spectrum, analysis of which yields orientation of the OD stretch transition dipole moment in the body fixed frame. Of dynamical interest is whether the nascent trans-DOCO complex formed in the entrance channel has sufficient time to convert into the cis-DOCO isomer, or whether this is quenched by rapid stabilization into the trans-DOCO well. Ab initio and Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus analysis of the intrinsic reaction coordinate for trans-DOCO to cis-DOCO interconversion rates supports the latter scenario, which helps explain the failure of previous high resolution infrared efforts to detect cis-hydroxycarbonyl.
Synthesis and Structure of Telluroamides and Selenoamides. The First Crystallographic Study of Telluroamides

The reaction between bis(trialkyltin) chalcogenides and trimethylaluminum results in the formation of bis(dimethylaluminum) chalcogenides, (Me2Al)2E, where E is S, Se, or Te. Reaction between the latter and carbonyl groups (but not carboxylic acids or esters) converts them to carbon−chalcogen double-bond (CE) compounds. Using this procedure, we have successfully synthesized several telluro- and selenocarbonyl compounds. The first successful synthesis of an isolable, crystalline telluroformamide, 4-(telluroformyl)morpholine (3c, C5H9NOTe), and its crystal structure are reported. Also, the syntheses and crystal structures of a γ-tellurolactam, 1-methyl-2-telluroxopyrroline (3d, C5H9NTe), and two selenoamides, N,N-diphenylselenoformamide (3a, C13H11NSe) and N-methyl-N-(4-nitrophenyl) selenoformamide (3b, C8H8N2O2Se) are described.
Prognostication via early computed tomography head in patients treated with targeted temperature management after cardiac arrest.

Abstract Background We evaluated computed tomography head (CTH) imaging obtained prior to targeted temperature management (TTM) in patients after cardiac arrest, and its role in prognostication. Methods In this retrospective cohort study in a tertiary-care hospital, 341 adults presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest received a CTH prior to TTM. Associations between outcomes and neuroimaging variables were evaluated with Chi-square analysis for significant associations that yielded a composite neuroimaging score—Tennessee Early Neuroimaging Score (TENS). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis including TENS as an independent variable and the four outcome dependent variables were analyzed. Results Four of the neuroimaging variables—sulcal effacement, partial gray-white matter effacement, total gray-white matter effacement, deep nuclei effacement—had significant associations with each of the four outcome variables and yielded TENS. In multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders, TENS was associated with poor discharge CPC (OR 2.15, 95%CI 1.16–3.98, p = .015), poor disposition (OR 2.62, 95%CI 1.37–5.02, p = .004), in-hospital mortality (OR 1.99, 95%CI 1.09–3.62, p = .024), and ICU mortality (OR 1.89, 95%CI 1.12–3.20, p = .018). Conclusion Imaging prior to TTM may help identify post-cardiac arrest patients with severe anoxic brain injury and poor outcomes.
A model of the cost of delaying treatment of Hashimotos thyroiditis: thyroid cancer initiation and growth

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disorder that drives the function of thyroid gland to the sequential clinical states:euthyroidism (normal condition), subclinical hypothyroidism (asymptomatic period) and overt hypothyroidism (symptomatic period). In this disease, serum thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) levels increase monotonically, stimulating the thyroid follicular cells chronically and initiating benign (non-cancerous) thyroid nodules at various sites of the thyroid gland. This process can also encourage growth of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Due to prolonged TSH stimulation, thyroid nodules may grow and become clinically relevant without the administration of treatment by thyroid hormone replacement. Papillary thyroid cancer (80% of thyroid cancer) whose incidence is increasing worldwide, is associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. A stochastic model is developed here to produce the statistical distribution of thyroid nodule sizes and growth by taking serum TSH value as the continuous input to the model using TSH values from the output of the patientspecific deterministic model developed for the clinical progression of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Mapping the community structure of the rat cerebral cortex with weighted stochastic block modeling

The anatomical architecture of the mammalian brain can be modeled as the connectivity between functionally distinct areas of cortex and sub-cortex, which we refer to as the connectome. The community structure of the connectome describes how the network can be parsed into meaningful groups of nodes. This process, called community detection, is commonly carried out to find internally densely connected communities—a modular topology. However, other community structure patterns are possible. Here we employ the weighted stochastic block model (WSBM), which can identify a wide range of topologies, to the rat cerebral cortex connectome, to probe the network for evidence of modular, core, periphery, and disassortative organization. Despite its algorithmic flexibility, the WSBM identifies substantial modular and assortative topology throughout the rat cerebral cortex connectome, significantly aligning to the modular approach in some parts of the network. Significant deviations from modular partitions include the identification of communities that are highly enriched in core (rich club) areas. A comparison of the WSBM and modular models demonstrates that the former, when applied as a generative model, more closely captures several nodal network attributes. An analysis of variation across an ensemble of partitions reveals that certain parts of the network participate in multiple topological regimes. Overall, our findings demonstrate the potential benefits of adopting the WSBM, which can be applied to a single weighted and directed matrix such as the rat cerebral cortex connectome, to identify community structure with a broad definition that transcends the common modular approach.
Survival of the Fastest: Using Sequential Pattern Analysis to Measure Efficiency of Complex Organizational Processes

Measuring the efficiency of complex and dynamic organizational processes is a problem that remains unresolved in the management science literature. We propose a novel sequence transverse velocity measurement of the sequential decision processes from the itemset transition speed of frequent subsequences. Specifically, sequential decision chains of different source sequences under comparison are modeled as time-stamped itemset sequences and their frequent subsequences are extracted using sequential pattern discovery algorithm. The subsequence transverse velocity is represented as the inverse ranking of the traversing time duration of a common subsequence among the source sequences that share this subsequence. The proposed velocity measurement is then combined into a velocity timeline accompanying each source sequence by weighting the velocity of the constituent subsequences according to the statistical and contextual significance of the subsequences. To demonstrate the usage of this velocity measurement and its related computational tools, the paper also includes two empirical studies: one based on real-world business expansion chains and the other based on healthcare delivery systems.
Protecting Earth's Orbital Environment: Policy Tools for Combating Space Debris

Abstract Earth's orbital environment is a common-pool resource which has been largely unregulated since the commencement of human space activity in the 20th century. Satellites – both operational and defunct – as well as upper stage rocket bodies have congested orbital patterns and increased the probability of asset conjunctures. The need to minimize waste in space adds requirements to the governance of space and its uses that are evident in a range of types of policy tools, from laws and regulations and procurement requirements at the national level through international treaties and practices. This paper reviews existing literature and discourse on the state of orbital debris regulations and international practices then maps policy tools utilized by the U.S. to address orbital waste and divides such tools into three categories based on their ability to prevent the accumulation of debris in space, mitigate the effects of debris, and defend against waste in space. Additionally, this analysis examines international treaties and standards that promote sustainable activity in space. Finally, this paper evaluates contemporary discourse on proposed next steps for regulation of the planet’s orbital environment and dialogue on the effectiveness of existing orbital debris-related laws, regulations, and international practices. Most laws aimed at minimizing space waste focus on prevention and mitigation. Debris defense policies are limited by economic and technological deficiencies in debris removal capabilities. Advances in policy and technology for monitoring and removing debris in Earth’s orbital environment will have great implications on the amount of risk in future human space activity.
The Influence of Syllabus Tone on Student Engagement in a Wellness Course

This study examines the impact of changing the tone of a traditional syllabus to make it more learner-centered. The researchers examined a required wellness course that serves over 8,000 students per year at a large, four-year public university in the southern United States. Concerns about student progression through programs and graduation rates had prompted a number of faculty to look into ways to increase these numbers. The investigators changed the tone of the syllabus to determine if a more learner-centered document would increase the chances of students interacting with the syllabus and, in turn, increase the success rates in the course. The results indicated that few students spent sufficient time reading the syllabus to take in all the information regardless of the tone used within the document, so the tone, by itself, did not impact student success.
Exceeding Expectations: Students Underrepresented in Medicine at University of Utah Health.

Background and objectives The University of Utah (UU) serves an increasingly diverse state and houses the only public medical school, dental school, and college of pharmacy in the state. Utah's diversity in the health professions lags behind the diversity of its general population, and the nation. Methods The Health Sciences Learning, Engagement, Achievement, and Progress (HS-LEAP) Program is a 4-year undergraduate pipeline program intended to increase racial and ethnic diversity in the health professions, specifically focused on students underrepresented in medicine (URM). Each student self-identified and submitted demographics at the time of enrollment. We followed students to successful engagement in their profession of choice; we compared graduation and postgraduation outcomes to non-HS-LEAP students at UU from 2005-2016. Results Almost 80% of HS-LEAP students are from communities underrepresented in medicine: 41% Latinx, 28% Asian, 7% Black, 2% American Indian/Alaskan Native, and 1% Pacific Islander. HS-LEAP students had lower ACT scores upon undergraduate enrollment, higher grade point averages in their first semester of college, higher fall-to-fall first-year retention rates, and higher 6-year graduation rates when compared to non-HS-LEAP UU students. Students who completed HS-LEAP attended graduate school at twice the rate of students who participated in HS-LEAP, the majority in the health professions. Conclusions The HS-LEAP program is associated with increased URM success in undergraduate programs and elevated participation in graduate programs in medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, physician assistant, nursing, and public health. Similar programs, with continuous assessment and evaluation, could be adopted in other locations to improve the representation of these groups in health professions.
Organic solvent filtration by brush membranes: Permeability, selectivity and fouling correlate with degree of SET-LRP grafting

Abstract A novel surface modification technique for polyimide membranes, their characterization and organic solvent filtration performance is described. The process involves treating crosslinked polyimide support membranes with surface initiators followed by Single Electron Transfer - Living Radical Polymerization (SET-LRP) with three alkyl methacrylates. Proof of grafting is established using ATR-FTIR, XPS and FESEM. The degree of grafting (DG) and brush height were a function of monomer type and polymerization time and provide a unifying basis for correlating selectivity and permeability. The permeability of these composite membranes, evaluated with 6 organic solvents (alcohols), correlated with solvent properties and can be tailored with DG. Filtration performance was assessed by measuring the selectivity and fouling of the organic dye Rose Bengal (RB) in ethanol. The polarized wall concentration increased with DG, whereas the RB sieving coefficient decreased with DG. Flux decline during RB filtration was best described by pore blocking and by heterogeneous and Langmuir sorption models. These studies provide a basis for designing polymeric membranes comprising branched brush selective layers with defined microstructure not possible with the widely popular phase inversion process.
Abstract GMM-033: CONDITIONAL BRCA2 SWITCH IN HUMAN CELLS TO STUDY TUMOR PROGRESSION

The BRCA2 (Breast Cancer Susceptibility 2) gene is a caretaker of genome integrity. Germline mutations in BRCA2 predispose individuals to a high risk for ovarian and breast cancer. The BRCA2 protein plays an important role in repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination. The hallmarks found in BRCA2 mutant tumors involve: genome instability including chromosome aberrations, sensitivity to cross-linking agents, presence of micronuclei, an abnormal number of centrosomes, and severe defects in homologous recombination. However, the initial steps of tumor progression in BRCA2 carriers remain elusive as the majority of cellular models are derived from tumor cell lines that have undergone prior selection in an environment of genomic instability. Here, we present the generation of isogenic, inducible BRCA2 human fallopian tube cell lines providing a model to study the acute loss of BRCA2 protein in the setting of initiation and progression towards tumorigenesis. In these otherwise normal human somatic cells, we have found that acute loss of BRCA2 impinges upon viability as well as other cellular abnormalities that may drive the accumulation and tolerance for further somatic mutations. We have discovered copy number variations modulated by crosslinking compounds in our inducible BRCA2 human fallopian tube cells. We are analyzing both the genetic and biochemical functions of BRCA2 in these processes. Our long-term goal is to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms that drive and sustain tumor initiation in the absence of normal BRCA2 function. Citation Format: Jimenez-Sainz J., and Jensen R.B.. CONDITIONAL BRCA2 SWITCH IN HUMAN CELLS TO STUDY TUMOR PROGRESSION [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Ovarian Cancer Research Symposium; Sep 13-15, 2018; Seattle, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2019;25(22 Suppl):Abstract nr GMM-033.
Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor of the Cervical Spine: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a rare entity that is not well described in the neurosurgical literature. We present a case of a 37-year-old woman with a diffuse subtype TGCT of the cervical spine, affecting the left cervical 6-7 facet joint, with co-incidental cervical trauma. Initial management consisted of subtotal resection and cervical stabilization with cervical 6 to 7 laminectomy, and cervical 4 to thoracic 2 posterior instrumented fusion. Gross total resection was achieved at a later date with a plan for postoperative radiation to prevent a recurrence. The patient was lost to follow-up for radiation treatment and returned 2.5 years later with minor symptoms and recurrence at the surgical site.
Impacts of a temperate to tropical voyage on the microalgal hull fouling community of an atypically-operated vessel.

Abstract Microalgal communities that colonize the hulls of at-risk vessels – those which have the highest port residency times, lowest speeds, and most stationary time in water - are expected to change as a function of environmental factors during ocean voyages, but are rarely studied. The microalgal communities on the hull of an atypically operated ship, the T.S. Golden Bear, were quantified during the course of a voyage from San Francisco Bay to the South Pacific and back. Here we clearly demonstrate that microalgal communities can be highly resilient, and can survive physiologically strenuous journeys through extreme variation in salinity and temperature. A 42% reduction in microalgal biomass and a 62% reduction in algal cellular abundance indicated a community-wide negative reaction to an increase in both salinity and temperature after the ship left San Francisco Bay, CA and cruised southward to Long Beach, although in vivo cellular fluorescence capacity increased. Further reductions in biomass (36%) and cellular abundance (26%) occurred once the ship encountered high-temperature, high-salinity waters in Hawaii. A 17% reduction of cellular fluorescence capacity was also observed in Hawaii. Despite previous environmental stressors, upon return to temperate waters off Vallejo, CA, biomass increased 230%, cellular abundance remained stable, and cellular fluorescence capacity increased from 0.45 ± 0.26 to 0.60 ± 0.07. The methods used in the current research provide efficient, cost-effective procedures for analyzing microalgal (and macrofouling) communities, which can in turn aid regulators in creating such necessary thresholds for enforcement.
Fixed-phase diffusion Monte Carlo study of activation gap and skyrmion excitations of a ν = 1 system in the presence of charged impurities

The discrepancy between the theoretically calculated and experimentally measured activation gaps in quantum Hall effect has long been a puzzle. We revisit this issue in the context of the $\ensuremath{\nu}=1$ quantum Hall state, while also incorporating the skyrmion physics. We find that the finite width and the Landau level mixing effects are not sufficient to explain the observed activation gap. We further show that the presence of charged impurities located adjacent to the quantum well can cause a significant reduction in the activation gap, while also causing a suppression of the skyrmion size.
Segmental spine mobility differences between lumbar flexion- and extension-based movement syndromes in patients with low back pain.

Background The Movement System Impairment (MSI) model is useful for identifying spine-hip mobility and motor control deficits that may contribute to low back pain (LBP). While previous studies have found differences in global spine-hip movement impairments between lumbar MSI subgroups, no studies have compared segmental spine movement impairments between these subgroups. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze segmental lumbar mobility in participants with LBP and a lumbar flexion- or extension-based MSI. Methods Forty participants with subacute-chronic LBP were placed into one of three age groups ( 54 years-old) and then classified into a flexion- or extension-based MSI sub-group. Segmental lumbar range of motion (ROM) was measured in degrees using a skin-surface device. Total lumbar and segmental flexion and extension ROM of L1-L2 to L5-S1 was compared between MSI sub-groups for each age group using separate two-way ANOVAs. Results Significant main effects were found for the independent variables of MSI subgroup and age. Participants in all three age groups with a flexion-based MSI displayed significantly less lumbar extension (-0.6∘) at L4-5 as compared to participants with an extension-based MSI (-2.1∘), p= 0.03. In addition, lumbar total and segmental ROM was significantly less for older individuals in both subgroups. Conclusions Individuals with LBP may demonstrate a pattern of lumbar segmental hypomobility in the opposite direction of their MSI. Future studies may investigate the added value of direction-specific spinal mobilization to a program of MSI-based exercise.
Passive survivability under extreme heat events: The case of AlDarb Al Ahmar, Cairo

According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the global mean temperature is expected to increase from 1.4°C to 5.8°C by 2100. The implications will be particularly significant...
Love and Death in Goethe: `One and Double'

Goethe, in association with his younger Romantic compatriots the Schlegels, Novalis, Fichte, and Schelling, struggled with the subject-object dichotomy, and tried to bridge the gap between self and other, consciousness and nature. His theory and practice prefigured the Romantics' determination to display and interrogate the linguistic and cultural structures informing their own thinking and modes of representation-what Goethe calls one's 'Vorstellungsart.' His work exploits, subverts, and supplants inherited conventions and signs, demonstrating with virtuosic irony that literature is a system of texts, pre-texts, and pre-established but dynamic conceptual models. ' Love and Death in Goethe:'One and Double' ' explores Goethe's use, in a wide range of his poetry and prose, of the theme of 'Liebestod' (love and death) and related embodiments of the paradox of unity in duality. Ellis Dye also examines Goethe's use of other themes related to love and death-the 'femme fatale,' the 'vagina dentata, Frau Welt,' the Lorelei, venereal disease, the 'Lustmord'-and considers issues of selfhood and individuation as well as the possibility that the love-death theme contains an implicit gender bias toward the existential fact of personal separateness. Poems, plays, and novels are dealt with, nevertheless, as works of art, not only as illustrations of an idea or as points of intersection in a system of rhetorical conventions, and are examined for intellectual cohesiveness, elegance, and integrity of design as well as special meanings and effects. ' Love and Death in Goethe:'One and Double' ' explores the meaning of the central theme of Romantic poetry in the works of the most important Romantic poet of all. Students of literary culture, both the lay reader and the Goethe specialist, will be enlightened by its approach and find pleasure and instruction in its revelations. Robert Ellis Dye is professor of German at Macalester College.
Using Computers to Teach Behavior Analysis

When it is impractical to provide behavior analysis students with extensive laboratory experience using real organisms, computers can provide effective demonstrations, simulations, and experiments. Furthermore, such computer programs can establish contingency-shaped behavior even in lecture classes, which usually are limited to establishing rule-governed behavior. We describe the development of computerized shaping simulations and the development of software that teaches students to discriminate among reinforcement schedules on the basis of cumulative records.
Cooperative Quantization for Two-UserInterference Channels

We introduce cooperative quantizers for two-user interference channels where interference signals are treated as noise. Compared with the conventional quantizers where each receiver quantizes its own channel independently, the proposed cooperative quantizers allow multiple rounds of feedback communication in the form of conferencing between receivers. For both time-sharing and concurrent transmission strategies, we propose different cooperative quantizers to achieve the full-channel-state-information (full-CSI) network outage probability of sum rate and the full-CSI network outage probability of minimum rate, respectively. Our proposed quantizers only require finite average feedback rates, whereas the conventional quantizers require infinite rate to achieve the full-CSI performance. For the minimum rate, we also design cooperative quantizers for a joint time-sharing and concurrent transmission strategy that can approach the previously established optimal network outage probability with a negligible gap. Numerical simulations confirm that our cooperative quantizers based on conferencing outperform the conventional quantizers.
The Nature of the Critical Inclinations in Artificial Satellite Theory

Mainfolds of orbits with stationary perigees are intrinsic features of the averaged main problem in aritifical satellite theory: they bifurcate off the manifold of circular orbits at the points where stability flips to instability and vice-versa.
CAD tool integration for ASIC design: an end-users perspective

The increasing complexity of VLSI design and the demand for quick-turnaround ASICs has forced the designer to choose the best CAD tools available from different vendors and integrate them into a customized and comprehensive CAD system. Vendors have developed comprehensive but open systems, called CAD frameworks, to ease the process of CAD tool integration. This paper describes the ASIC development process and issues relating to CAD tool integration. In addition, state-of-the-art CAD frameworks and their impact on ASIC designers are described. >