cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
E-cadherin engagement stimulates proliferation via Rac1

E-cadherin has been linked to the suppression of tumor growth and the inhibition of cell proliferation in culture. We observed that progressively decreasing the seeding density of normal rat kidney-52E (NRK-52E) or MCF-10A epithelial cells from confluence, indeed, released cells from growth arrest. Unexpectedly, a further decrease in seeding density so that cells were isolated from neighboring cells decreased proliferation. Experiments using microengineered substrates showed that E-cadherin engagement stimulated the peak in proliferation at intermediate seeding densities, and that the proliferation arrest at high densities did not involve E-cadherin, but rather resulted from a crowding-dependent decrease in cell spreading against the underlying substrate. Rac1 activity, which was induced by E-cadherin engagement specifically at intermediate seeding densities, was required for the cadherin-stimulated proliferation, and the control of Rac1 activation by E-cadherin was mediated by p120-catenin. Together, these findings demonstrate a stimulatory role for E-cadherin in proliferative regulation, and identify a simple mechanism by which cell–cell contact may trigger or inhibit epithelial cell proliferation in different settings.
Investigation of gait features for stability and risk identification in elders

Today, eldercare demands a greater degree of versatility in healthcare. Automatic monitoring devices and sensors are under development to help senior citizens achieve greater autonomy, and, as situations arise, alert healthcare providers. In this paper, we study gait patterns based on extracted silhouettes from image sequences. Three features are investigated through two different image capture perspectives: shoulder level, spinal incline, and silhouette centroid. Through the evaluation of fourteen image sequences representing a range of healthy to frail gait styles, features are extracted and compared to validation results using a Vicon motion capture system. The results obtained show promise for future studies that can increase both the accuracy of feature extraction and pragmatism of machine monitoring for at-risk elders.
Judgments of Learning are Influenced by Memory for Past Test.

The Underconfidence with Practice (UPW) effect [Koriat, A., Sheffer, L., & Ma’ayan, H. (2002). Comparing objective and subjective learning curves: Judgment of learning exhibit increased underconfidence with practice. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131, 147–162.], found in multi-trial learning, is marked by a pattern of underconfidence accompanied by an increase in resolution between the judgments and test on and after the second trial. We tested whether the memory for past test (MPT) heuristic [Finn, B., & Metcalfe, J. (2007). The role of memory for past test in the underconfidence with practice effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 33, 238–244.] could explain the resolution and calibration effects. To selectively alter Trial 1 test performance, and hence MPT, we manipulated the number of repetitions (Experiment 1) or the study time (Experiment 2) on Trial 1, but then the manipulation was reversed on Trial 2, thereby equating final performance. Despite equivalent Trial 2 recall performance, Trial 2 JOLs reflected the manipulated Trial 1 test performance, providing support for the MPT hypothesis. Follow up experiments tested alternative explanations. We found that people could remember past test and that use of this information would produce both underconfidence and improved resolution. In contrast, neither memory for Trial 1 encoding fluency nor memory for Trial 1 JOLs was able to explain both aspects of the UWP effect. These experiments support the proposal that people use the memory for past test heuristic to make second trial immediate JOLs, and that its use can account for the UWP effect.
Loop-list scheduling for heterogeneous functional units

This paper presents a new heuristic, concurrent, iterative loop-based scheduling and allocation algorithm for high-level synthesis of digital signal processing (DSP) architectures using heterogeneous functional units. In a heterogeneous architecture, functional units could be either bit-serial or digit-serial or bit-parallel. We assume a library of heterogeneous implementation style based functional units is available. Experiments show that this new heuristic synthesis approach generates optimal and near-optimal area solutions. Although optimum synthesis of such architectures were proposed recently using an integer linear programming (ILP) model, our method can produce similar solutions in one to two orders of magnitude less time, at the expense of sacrificing the cost optimality. We compare the solutions generated by the proposed algorithm with the optimal solutions generated by the ILP approach and other recent techniques. We have incorporated this new algorithm into the Minnesota ARchitecture Synthesis (MARS-II) system.
Fixed Point Problems for Linear Transformations on Pythagorean Triples.

In this article, an attempt is made to find all linear transformations that map a standard Pythagorean triple (a Pythagorean triple [x y z] T with y being even) into a standard Pythagorean triple, which have [3 4 5] T as their fixed point. All such transformations form a monoid under matrix product. It is found that is finite with only five (5) elements including the identity transformation. It is interesting to know that if the same finiteness holds when we replace [3 4 5] T by other standard Pythagorean triples. The results of this analysis will be of interest to a broad spectrum of readers. It bridges the concepts such as fixed point, linear transformation, and Pythagorean triple. It should be of pedagogic as well as theoretical value.
Surgical safety checklists are an effective means for reducing surgical morbidity and mortality, but have we gone far enough in team-building and leadership to create high reliability?

Commentary on: Borchard A, Schwappach DL, Barbir A, et al. A systematic review of the effectiveness, compliance, and critical factors for implementation of safety checklists in surgery. Ann Surg 2012;256:925–33.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3] Borchard et al 1 have ambitiously reviewed the scientific literature to discern the pooled evidence supporting the use of perioperative surgical safety checklists to improve the safety of operative procedures. In addition, the authors have sought to discern the evidence for engagement of the entire operative team in the process. To date, this has been lacking in the scientific literature, and is perhaps a major weakness in the way that checklists have been implemented. The authors examined all published trials and cohort studies that investigated the use of checklists between 1995 and 2011. The authors then hand-sorted and referenced the initial hits from their online query to find … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DAnnals%2Bof%2Bsurgery%26rft.stitle%253DAnn%2BSurg%26rft.aulast%253DBorchard%26rft.auinit1%253DA.%26rft.volume%253D256%26rft.issue%253D6%26rft.spage%253D925%26rft.epage%253D933%26rft.atitle%253DA%2Bsystematic%2Breview%2Bof%2Bthe%2Beffectiveness%252C%2Bcompliance%252C%2Band%2Bcritical%2Bfactors%2Bfor%2Bimplementation%2Bof%2Bsafety%2Bchecklists%2Bin%2Bsurgery.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1097%252FSLA.0b013e3182682f27%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F22968074%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/SLA.0b013e3182682f27&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=22968074&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmed%2F18%2F6%2F235.atom
Noninvasive, transthoracic, low-frequency ultrasound augments thrombolysis in a canine model of acute myocardial infarction.

Background—Limitations of coronary thrombolysis include the time to reperfusion, patency rate, and bleeding. We evaluated the use of noninvasive transcutaneous ultrasound to augment coronary thromb...
Toward an Operational Definition of Dress

This research provided an empirically derived operational definition of dress which may be useful to scientists in the field of textiles and clothing. Viewing dress as a superordinate level categor...
The Use of Hospitalists by Small Rural Hospitals: Results of a National Survey

Research on hospitalist programs has primarily focused on large, urban facilities. To fill a gap in the literature on hospitalist use in rural hospitals, the authors conducted a national survey of 402 rural hospitals with 100 or fewer beds that had reported having hospitalists. The survey examined reasons for using hospitalists, characteristics of hospitalist practices, and the impacts of hospitalist use in rural settings. Rural hospitals most commonly establish a hospitalist program to address medical staff requests, call coverage, and quality issues. Respondents report positive impacts of hospitalist programs on quality of care and primary care physician recruitment and retention, but mixed financial impacts. Assessments of the impact of hospitalists in rural hospitals need to take into account the variety of practitioner specialties functioning as hospitalists, the amount of time they spend as hospitalists, and the multiple roles they play in the rural hospital and community.
Two-Year Impacts of a Comprehensive Family Financial Rewards Program on Children's Academic Outcomes: Moderation by Likelihood of Earning Rewards

Abstract This article examines the extent to which impacts of a conditional cash transfer (CCT) program on children's academic outcomes vary by key characteristics associated with families’ propensity to earn the rewards offered by the program. We utilize an experimental study of Opportunity NYC-Family Rewards, a comprehensive CCT program in New York City in which low-income families were offered rewards for outcomes in health, education, and work. Building from a technique in propensity score research but used here to assess subgroup impacts in experimental studies, we use multiple baseline characteristics to predict the amount of rewards earned as a means to identify theoretically important, multivariate-defined groups of children for whom program effects might be more concentrated. Fourth-grade children in families with higher likelihood to earn rewards experienced more positive impacts of the program on academic outcomes. By contrast, no program impacts were found among 7th- or 9th-graders whose famil...
Features of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding after implantation of ventricular assist devices.

Background & Aims Ventricular assist devices (VADs) are used to treat patients with end-stage heart disease. However, patients with VADs frequently develop gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. We investigated the incidence, etiology, and outcome of GI bleeding in patients with VADs. Methods In a retrospective study, we analyzed data from 391 consecutive patients (mean age, 53.9 ± 14.2 years; 81% male) who underwent VAD implantation for end-stage heart disease from January 2000 through May 2012 at the Cleveland Clinic. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors independently associated with GI bleeding in patients with VADs. Results Sixty-two patients (15.9%) had GI bleeding. The risk of GI bleeding increased by 10% for every 5-year increase in age ( P = .006). GI bleeding was also associated with lower body mass index ( P = .046), current smoking ( P = .007), and lower baseline levels of hemoglobin ( P P = .008). Colonoscopy detected GI bleeding with the highest diagnostic yield; most bleeding was associated with colonic lesions (51.4%). Overall mortality was 39.4%, and 2 deaths were directly related to GI bleeding. Conclusions On the basis of a large case series analysis, GI bleeding is common after implantation of VADs (15.9% of patients have at least 1 episode of bleeding). Episodes were mostly overt and predominantly from the lower GI tract; colonoscopy is the best method of detection.
Retrograde ejaculation in a stallion.

' Retrograde ejaculation may be more prevalent than assumed. ' Large numbers of spermatozoa may be obtained from the urinary bladder of affected horses even when normal ejaculation appears to occur. ' Evaluation of a urine sample obtained via bladder catheterization after ejaculation is a simple diagnostic procedure that should be used to investigate the possibility of retrograde ejaculation in stallions that apparently fail to ejaculate or when the ejaculate is lower in volume and contains fewer spermatozoa than expected.
Structural Analysis of Devils River Uplift-Southern Val Verde Basin, Southwest Texas

Surface and subsurface structural geologic investigation has defined several major structural trends in parts of Edwards, Kinney, and Val Verde Counties, Texas. Seven rock units of the Cretaceous Comanche Series and two rock units of the Cretaceous Gulf Series crop out in the study area, part of the southwest Edwards Plateau physiographic province. Surface strata have a regional dip of ½ to 2° SW, interrupted locally by zones of faulting and/or folding that generally overlie larger scale late Paleozoic structural features. The east-west-trending Carta Valley fault zone, which crosses central Val Verde and southwest Edwards Counties, is marked by a pattern of en echelon folds and faults that bound a series of graben blocks. The deformational style of this zone su gests left-lateral wrench faulting in basement rocks. Two other surface fault zones that displace Cretaceous rocks are less well developed but also appear to overlie basement faults. A distinctive monocline trends northwest-southeast from east Val Verde through northwest Kinney Counties, approaching parallelism with the Balcones fault zone in the southeastern part. This flexure, the Sycamore Creek monocline, has exhibited positive tendencies since middle Cretaceous time. A poorly expressed southwest-plunging anticline marks the crest of the Devils River uplift in southeast Val Verde County. Parts of three major late Paleozoic tectonic features are present in the subsurface--the southeast Val Verde basin, the Devils River uplift, and the north edge of the Ouachita thrust belt. A foreland sequence of lower to middle Paleozoic carbonate shelf deposits, overlain by thick upper Paleozoic clastic sedimentary rocks, fills the Val Verde basin. The Devils River uplift, the elevated southern margin of the Paleozoic Texas craton, marks the southern limit of the Permian Basin depositional province. Weakly metamorphosed deep-water sediments of the Ouachita interior zone are thrust northward over a Cambrian-Ordovician sequence on the uplift. Subsurface mapping shows that a major down-to-the-north late Paleozoic fault, which separates the Val Verde basin from the Devils River uplift, underlies the surface Carta Valley fault zone. Transcurrent movement may have occurred along this fault during the Ouachita orogeny as a result of plate convergence. The axis of the Sycamore Creek monocline also lies above basement faults along which relatively minor up-to-the-north displacement occurred during Cretaceous and Cenozoic time, a reversal of major late Paleozoic movement. In general, thorough analysis of subtly expressed surface structural features has proved a valuable guide to mapping and interpreting the more pronounced Paleozoic structures beneath the pre-Cretaceous unconformity.
Liquid-metal reconfigurable RF components and antennas

Reconfigurable RF components are attractive for changing key system parameters such as operating frequency and gain. Typical reconfigurable components use switches or solid-state devices. These methods assume that the metal elements of the circuit themselves cannot be altered. We present recent work from a differerent paradigm by substituting liquid metal for key metal elements to enable reconfigurability.
A Non-parametric Cutout Index for Robust Evaluation of Identified Proteins

This paper proposes a novel, automated method for evaluating sets of proteins identified using mass spectrometry. The remaining peptide-spectrum match score distributions of protein sets are compared to an empirical absent peptide-spectrum match score distribution, and a Bayesian non-parametric method reminiscent of the Dirichlet process is presented to accurately perform this comparison. Thus, for a given protein set, the process computes the likelihood that the proteins identified are correctly identified. First, the method is used to evaluate protein sets chosen using different protein-level false discovery rate (FDR) thresholds, assigning each protein set a likelihood. The protein set assigned the highest likelihood is used to choose a non-arbitrary protein-level FDR threshold. Because the method can be used to evaluate any protein identification strategy (and is not limited to mere comparisons of different FDR thresholds), we subsequently use the method to compare and evaluate multiple simple methods for merging peptide evidence over replicate experiments. The general statistical approach can be applied to other types of data (e.g. RNA sequencing) and generalizes to multivariate problems.
ISO 14000 total quality environmental management: The integration of environmental marketing, total quality management, and corporate environmental policy

Abstract This exploratory study attempts to assess the implications of the emerging ISO 14000 standards, as an integrator of environmental marketing, Total Quality Management, and corporate environmental code of conduct such the CERES Principles or the GEMI Principles.
Prison Officer Unions and the Perpetuation of the Penal Status Quo

An unintended consequence of mass imprisonment is the growth of prison officer unions. This article shows how successful corrections unions in states like California and New York obstruct efforts to implement sentencing reforms, shutter prisons, and slash corrections budgets. They impede downsizing-oriented reforms by generating or exacerbating fear among voters and politicians. Policy makers in key states must overcome resistance from prison officer unions to downscale prisons. Through a combination of accommodation and confrontation, policy makers can relax opposition from the officer organizations and undertake prison downsizing efforts without busting the unions.
Movement and Storage of Sediment in River Systems

River sediments play two major roles in geochemical cycles. First, the river sediment fluxes represent about three-quarters of the total denudation of the continents under present-day conditions. Second, river sediments adsorb and transport a number of aqueous ionic constituents. Two recent compilations of the available data have estimated that the total discharge of river sediment to the coastal zones of the world under present-day conditions is 15 to 16 × 1012 kg/yr (Milliman and Meade, 1983; Walling and Webb, 1983). This number, however, cannot be taken at face value to compute a world-wide mean rate of long-term mechanical denudation. In the first place many of the measurements on which the estimate is based are probably inaccurate. Among the large rivers of the world, accurate records that span several decades are available only in China, Europe, and North America. Second, the present-day sediment loads of many of the world’s major rivers have been increased or decreased markedly by human activities, such as deforestation, crop farming, surface mining, and construction of dams and reservoirs. Third, the direct linkage between upland soil-erosion rates and downstream river-sediment discharges is so tenuous in large river systems that the common practice of dividing a river’s sediment load by its drainage area to obtain a mean rate of erosion or denudation may yield a number that has little significance. Relations between soil erosion and river-sediment discharge change so markedly in time and space, and the time lags between upland causes and downriver effects are so large relative to the rates of these changes, that any assumptions of equilibrium, or even steady state, must be carefully considered in the context of whatever time scale is relevant (Schumm, 1977; Tricart, 1962; Trimble, 1975, 1977).
Site-Specific Protein Immobilization Using Unnatural Amino Acids

Protein immobilization confers the advantages of biological systems to a more chemical setting and has applications in catalysis, sensors, and materials development. While numerous immobilization techniques exist, it is optimal to develop a well-defined and chemically stable methodology to allow for full protein function. This paper describes the utilization of unnatural amino acid technologies to introduce bioorthogonal handles in a site-specific fashion for protein immobilization. To develop this approach a range of solid-supports, organic linkers, and protein immobilization sites have been investigated using a GFP reporter system. Overall, a sepharose resin derivatized with propargyl alcohol has afforded the highest yields of immobilized protein. Moreover, an unnatural amino acid residue protein context has been demonstrated, signifying a necessity to consider the protein site of immobilization. Finally, a resin-conferred stabilization was demonstrated in several organic solvents.
The Impact of Consumer Premiums on Marketing Efficiency

The boom in trading stamps and other consumer premiums raises some interesting questions about the social value of this form of marketing. The author indicates that consumer premiums have probably ...
Portal vein thrombosis: What surgeons need to know.

Key points: (a) The lifetime risk of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is approximately 1%; (b) The portal vein is formed by the union of the splenic and superior mesenteric veins posterior to the pancreas; (c) Imaging modalities most frequently used to diagnose PVT include sonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging; (d) Malignancy, hepatic cirrhosis, surgical trauma, and hypercoagulable conditions are the most common risk factors for the development of PVT; (e) PVT eventually leads to the formation of numerous collateral vessels around the thrombosed portal vein; (f) First-line treatment for PVT is therapeutic anticoagulation—it helps prevent the progression of the thrombotic process; (g) Other therapeutic options include surgery and interventional radiographic procedures including mechanical thrombectomy and thrombolysis; (h) Portal biliopathy is a clinicopathologic entity characterized by biliary abnormalities due to portal hypertension secondary to PVT and appears to be more common in cases of extrahepatic PVT. Republished with permission from: Quarrie R, Stawicki SP. Portal vein thrombosis: What surgeons need to know. OPUS 12 Scientist 2008;2(3):30-33.
Graduate Economics Teaching of Core Microeconomics: Diversity, Knowledge Clusters, Job Placement

We study what is taught in core microeconomics courses at top US econ doctoral programs. We build a detailed concept map containing more than 1300 concepts, fitting under more than 100 broader topics. We find evidence of substantial diversity. Most programs cover less than 50% of the universe of concepts covered over all programs. And most pairs of programs share less than 50% overlap in concept coverage. We use a cluster algorithm and find that the programs cluster into two main clusters that are intuitive and support the idea of "schools of thought." We also study job placement flows from the programs to the other programs. Our empirical results indicate that a job candidate who places at one of the other programs is more likely to place at a program that is conceptually close to his own program. This results even when we include controls for program rankings and geographic proximity.
Influence of dead-time to the output fundamental voltage of open-loop and close-loop SPWM inverter

In SPWM inverter,microsecond dead-time must be inserted into the switching signals to prevent short circuit happened between two switching apparatus,but it will cause additional harmonic voltage to the output voltage of the inverter.By analysis of the additional harmonic voltage caused by the dead-time of SPWM inverter based on instantaneous output voltage feedback control,the close-loop control model with consideration of dead-time is established,and the effects of dead-time to the fundamental output voltage of SPWM inverter are studied.The analysis results show that the output voltage decreases with the increase of the dead-time for the open-loop SPWM inverters;while for the close-loop SPWM inverter,it relates to the load.The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretic analysis.
Separation and purification of toxin coregulated pilus of Vibrio mimicus

Objective:To identify V.mimicus strain as a TCP+strain and establish the purification methods of TCP.Systematically test the biological characteristics of TCP,in order to study comprehensively the pathogenesis of V.mimicus,provide scientific evidences for the preparation of vaccine,prevent vibrios.Methods:TCP of V.mimicus strain were detected by PCR technique,electropherogram technology in this study.Results:We could obtain 1 mg purified protein from 10 g watery bodies of bateria by separating technology of pilus,precipitation and PAGE-gel extraction technique.Then the molecular weight(20.14 KD) was determined by PAGE-gel extraction and electropherogram technique.Conclusion:V.mimicus strain was a TCP+strain;establish the PAGE-gel extraction technique.
Bradycardia induced by hyperkalemia

The incidence of chronic cardiac disease is increasing (Jessup, 2003). As a result, it is important for occupational health nurses to recognize adverse effects (e.g., electrolyte abnormalities, dysrhythmias) associated with current treatment guidelines (Hunt, 2001). As shown in the example in this case study, the current recommended treatment for clients who have myocardial ischemia and left ventricular dysfunction (i.e., ACE inhibitor and a potassium-sparing diuretic) puts clients at risk for hyperkalemia, especially in the presence of renal insufficiency.
Geriatric hip fracture management: keys to providing a successful program

Hip fractures are a common event in older adults and are associated with significant morbidity, mortality and costs. This review examines the necessary elements required to implement a successful geriatric fracture program and identifies some of the barriers faced when implementing a successful program. The Geriatric Fracture Center (GFC) is a treatment model that standardizes the approach to the geriatric fracture patient. It is based on five principles: surgical fracture management; early operative intervention; medical co-management with geriatricians; patient-centered, standard order sets to employ best practices; and early discharge planning with a focus on early functional rehabilitation. Implementing a geriatric fracture program begins with an assessment of the hospital’s data on hip fractures and standard care metrics such as length of stay, complications, time to surgery, readmission rates and costs. Business planning is essential along with the medical planning process. To successfully develop and implement such a program, strong physician leadership is necessary to articulate both a short- and long-term plan for implementation. Good communication is essential—those organizing a geriatric fracture program must be able to implement standardized plans of care working with all members of the healthcare team and must also be able to foster relationships both within the hospital and with other institutions in the community. Finally, a program of continual quality improvement must be undertaken to ensure that performance outcomes are improving patient care.
Topic Prevalence and Reuse in an Open Innovation Community

In open innovation communities, concepts and topics get reused, combined and modified by many participants. In this paper, we utilize Wikipedia category structure as our ontology to automatically identify the topics covered in Climate CoLab contest proposals with the aim of better understanding how topic prevalence affects reuse and contest success. The general finding, based on analysis of the Climate CoLab contest proposals in 2015, is that while proposals that have more prevalent topics are more likely to be reused, they are are less likely to advance to semifinalist status. These findings provide insights to knowledge reuse and intelligence evolution in open innovation communities and provide ways to improve future open innovation community designs.
‘Mirth in Heaven’: Religion and Festivity in As You Like It

In a 1549 sermon attacking ‘unpreaching prelates,’ Bishop Hugh Latimer described an occasion on which he ‘was fain there to give place to Robin Hood.’1 While traveling from London to Worcester, the bishop sent word ahead he would preach the next day at a parish church, but on his arrival found the church locked and deserted: At last the key was found, and one of the parish comes to me and says, ‘Sir, this is a busy day with us. We cannot hear you; it is Robin Hood’s day. The parish are gone abroad to gather for Robin Hood. I pray you let them not.’
Use of AED Levels by Pediatric Neurologists

Replies from 56 of 60 pediatric neurologists surveyed regarding the use and value of antiepileptic drug (AED) levels were evaluated in the Departments of Pediatrics and Toxicology, Dalhousie University and The IWK Children’s Hospital, Halifax, Canada.
LDAC: Locality-Aware Data Access Control for Large-Scale Multicore Cache Hierarchies

The trend of increasing the number of cores to achieve higher performance has challenged efficient management of on-chip data. Moreover, many emerging applications process massive amounts of data with varying degrees of locality. Therefore, exploiting locality to improve on-chip traffic and resource utilization is of fundamental importance. Conventional multicore cache management schemes either manage the private cache (L1) or the Last-Level Cache (LLC), while ignoring the other. We propose a holistic locality-aware cache hierarchy management protocol for large-scale multicores. The proposed scheme improves on-chip data access latency and energy consumption by intelligently bypassing cache line replication in the L1 caches, and/or intelligently replicating cache lines in the LLC. The approach relies on low overhead yet highly accurate in-hardware runtime classification of data locality at both L1 cache and the LLC. The decision to bypass L1 and/or replicate in LLC is then based on the measured reuse at the fine granularity of cache lines. The locality tracking mechanism is decoupled from the sharer tracking structures that cause scalability concerns in traditional cache coherence protocols. Moreover, the complexity of the protocol is low since no additional coherence states are created. However, the proposed classifier incurs a 5.6KB per-core storage overhead. On a set of parallel benchmarks, the locality-aware protocol reduces average energy consumption by 26% and completion time by 16%, when compared to the state-of-the-art Reactive-NUCA multicore cache management scheme.
Harmony: Exploiting coarse-grained received signal strength from IoT devices for human activity recognition

The emerging smart health and smart home applications require pervasive and non-intrusive human activity recognition and monitoring. Traditional technologies (e.g., using cameras or accelerometers and gyroscopes) may introduce privacy issues or require people to wear sensors. To address these issues, recent approaches exploit fine-grained wireless signals for activity recognition. However, these approaches require devices that are costly or need to provide unique wireless features (e.g., Doppler shifts or phase information). With the increasingly available Internet of Things (IoT) devices, in this paper, we propose Harmony, a human activity recognition and monitoring middleware which can utilize the coarse-grained (but pervasively available) received signal strength (RSS) measurements from the radios of IoT devices. We implement a complete evaluation platform (from data collection to data analysis) of the middleware on top of low cost ZigBee compliant MICAz nodes and a laptop. We also conducted extensive experiments. Our results show that our design can achieve similar accuracy as fine-grained WiFi channel state information (CSI) measurement-based approaches. Specifically, our overall human activities recognition accuracy is up to 74% and 90% for RSS readings from a single pair and 3 pairs of IoT devices, respectively.
How optimally foraging predators promote prey coexistence in a variable environment.

Abstract Optimal foraging is one of the major predictive theories of predator foraging behavior. However, how an optimally foraging predator affects the coexistence of competing prey is not well understood either in a constant or variable environment, especially for multiple prey species. We study the impact of optimal foraging on prey coexistence using an annual plant model, with and without annual variation in seed germination. Seed predators are modeled using Charnov’s model of adaptive diet choice. Our results reveal that multiple prey species can coexist because of this type of predator, and that their effect is not greatly modified by environmental variation. However, in diverse communities, the requirements for coexistence by optimal foraging alone are very restrictive. Optimally foraging predators can have a strong equalizing effect on their prey by creating a competition–predation trade-off. Thus, their main role in promoting diversity may be to reduce species-average fitness differences, making it easier for other mechanisms, such as the storage effect, to allow multiple species to coexist. Like previous models, our model showed that when germination rates vary, the storage effect from competition promotes coexistence. Our results also show that optimally foraging predators can generate a negative storage effect from predation, undermining coexistence, but that this effect will be minor whenever predators commonly differentiate their prey.
Correction for Mirajkar et al., Complete Genome Sequence of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Type Strain B78 (ATCC 27164).

Volume 4, no. 4, [e00840-16][1], 2016. Page 1: The title should read as given above, and strain B-78 should be identified as B78 throughout. Page 1: The second sentence of the abstract should read as follows. “The 3.07-Mb genome consists of a 3.04-Mb chromosome and a 33-kb plasmid, with 2,603
High performance digital PI current regulator for EV switched reluctance motor drives

This paper presents a design methodology for digital proportional-integral current regulators that may be used for the highly nonlinear switched reluctance motor control. The important nonlinear behavior of saturation, back electromotive force (EMF), and mutual coupling are accounted for to achieve consistent current regulator performance over the entire operating regime. Gain adaptation is used with respect to both position and current to insure stability. An improved back-EMF decoupling scheme is implemented to reduce bandwidth requirements. The proposed control is implemented on a high-torque traction drive for electric vehicle applications. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate excellent performance over the entire operating regime.
In vivo reprogramming of immune cells: Technologies for induction of antigen-specific tolerance

Technologies that induce antigen-specific immune tolerance by mimicking naturally occurring mechanisms have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of many immune-mediated pathologies such as autoimmunity, allograft rejection, and allergy. The immune system intrinsically has central and peripheral tolerance pathways for eliminating or modulating antigen-specific responses, which are being exploited through emerging technologies. Antigen-specific tolerogenic responses have been achieved through the functional reprogramming of antigen-presenting cells or lymphocytes. Alternatively, immune privileged sites have been mimicked using biomaterial scaffolds to locally suppress immune responses and promote long-term allograft survival. This review describes natural mechanisms of peripheral tolerance induction and the various technologies being developed to achieve antigen-specific immune tolerance in vivo. As currently approved therapies are non-specific and carry significant associated risks, these therapies offer significant progress towards replacing systemic immune suppression with antigen-specific therapies to curb aberrant immune responses.
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Bariatric Surgery: An Emphasis on Vitamins and Trace Minerals

Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic with a disproportionate increase in grade III obesity. Bariatric surgery offers an attractive option for sustained weight loss compared with traditional methods such as exercise and diet. Micronutrient deficiencies are common and clinically significant after bariatric surgery. These deficiencies are related to a combination of patient and surgical variables. A thorough understanding of specific micronutrient deficiencies is necessary for early recognition and optimal management. The purpose of this review is to describe indications, outcomes, and types of bariatric procedures, risk factors, and mechanisms for micronutrient deficiencies, as well as outline specific vitamin and trace element deficiencies after bariatric surgery.
Behavioral Dynamics of Visually Guided Locomotion

In their seminal research on coordination dynamics, Scott Kelso and his colleagues have developed an account of biological coordination in which the organization of action is viewed as a species of self-organizing pattern formation. Motor patterns are understood as a reflection of stability properties in a complex dynamical system, such as phase attraction and repulsion, bifurcation, and meta-stability. Moreover, the observation that similar coordination phenomena occur between visually coupled and neurally coupled oscillatory systems, from a swarm of Malaysian fireflies to the limbs of two people, led Scott to the view that coordination dynamics is fundamentally informational rather than physical in nature [29, 30].
Evaluating Simplified Chemical Mechanisms within CESM Version 1.2CAM-chem (CAM4): MOZART-4 vs. Reduced Hydrocarbon vs. Super-Fast Chemistry

Abstract. While state-of-the-art complex chemical mechanisms expand our understanding of atmospheric chemistry, their sheer size and computational requirements often limit simulations to short length, or ensembles to only a few members. Here we present and compare three 25-year offline simulations with chemical mechanisms of different levels of complexity using CESM Version 1.2 CAM-chem (CAM4): the MOZART-4 mechanism, the Reduced Hydrocarbon mechanism, and the Super-Fast mechanism. We show that, for most regions and time periods, differences in simulated ozone chemistry between these three mechanisms is smaller than the model-observation differences themselves. The MOZART-4 mechanism and the Reduced Hydrocarbon are in close agreement in their representation of ozone throughout the troposphere during all time periods (annual, seasonal and diurnal). While the Super-Fast mechanism tends to have higher simulated ozone variability and differs from the MOZART-4 mechanism over regions of high biogenic emissions, it is surprisingly capable of simulating ozone adequately given its simplicity. We explore the trade-offs between chemical mechanism complexity and computational cost by identifying regions where the simpler mechanisms are comparable to the MOZART-4 mechanism, and regions where they are not. The Super-Fast mechanism is three times as fast as the MOZART-4 mechanism, which allows for longer simulations, or ensembles with more members, that may not be feasible with the MOZART-4 mechanism given limited computational resources.
On the Necessity of LMI-Based Design Conditions for Discrete Time LPV Filters

In this note, we provide a proof of necessity for one of the results in [W. M. H. Heemels, J. Daafouz, and G. Millerioux, “Observer-based control of discrete-time LPV systems with uncertain parameters,” Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 55, no. 9, pp. 2130–2135, 2010]. This result is essential to the design of discrete-time linear parameter varying (LPV) filters using parameter-dependent poly-quadratic Lyapunov functions. We also provide a brief discussion ofits broader implications on the design of discrete-time LPV filters.
Religious and cultural syncretism in FELA!: reading the Broadway adaptation of the life of Fela Anikulapo Kuti through Bill T. Jones and Tejumola Olaniyan

Since its debut in 2008 at the Eugene O’Neill Theatre in New York City, the Broadway musical FELA! has met critical acclaim. Critics, enthusiasts, and scholars alike, have read it as an ingenious b...
The emergence of modern 'Sikh theology': Reassessing the passage of ideas from Trumpp to Bhai Vir Singh

Steering between opposing explanations of religion as either sui generis or sociological construction, this paper argues for an alternative way of conceptualizing the phenomenon called 'Sikh theology'. Normally attributedto the interior religious experience of the founder of Sikhism, 'Sikh theology', it will be argued, can more usefully be envisaged as the product of a discursive regime, a regime of colonial translation, which effectively demarcated the conceptual framework of modern Sikhism. This regime of translation contains an ideology about religion that made translators such as Ernest Trumpp imagine the work of translation as providing a remedy for a scripture perceived as lacking conceptual coherence, or in the case of Trumpp's non-Sikh protagonist M.A. Macauliffe, as based on a 'dialogical interaction' with Sikh native informants. The paper's main focus is to show how key theological concepts passed from Trumpp to Macauliffe, and were inadvertently imbibed by writers of the exegetical commentaries on scripture such as Bhai Vir Singh, even as they were contesting Trumpp's odium theologicum.
Improving Diabetes Care Efficiency: Glucose Meter Download Station in Medical Offices

Diabetes mellitus has become a public health pandemic. Nearly 1 in 9 adults in the U.S. have diabetes. This is expected to grow to 1 in 3 Americans by 2030. Diabetes management is time consuming for both the patient and the physician. It is recommended that people with diabetes perform self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) as part of their disease management. The SMBG reports can help both the patient and the physician make adjustments to diabetes treatment. These handwritten reports are frequently cumbersome to interpret and therefore difficult to make meaningful suggestions. Improving the efficiency in clinical office procedures can enhance the diabetes management outcomes. One such example is the glucometer download station. This manuscript reviews the how, when, and where download stations can help improve diabetes practice.
How to Measure Glenoid Bone Stock and Version and Why It Is Important: A Practical Guide

Shoulder osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and debilitating condition and a source of high morbidity and medical expenditures across the world among individuals older than 60 years. Shoulder OA results in the gradual destruction of articular cartilage of the humeral head and glenoid component, causing inflammation, pain, and a restricted range of motion. Most patients are diagnosed with shoulder OA after experiencing shoulder pain and stiffness, and the diagnosis is often made after medical and physical histories are obtained and physical and imaging examinations are performed. Use of various surgical techniques such as total anatomic or reverse shoulder arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty has increased in recent years, resulting in reduced morbidity and improved functional status of patients. However, the rate of surgical complications such as premature loosening of components is significant, reducing the effectiveness of such procedures. Data in the literature indicate that high-grade fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff muscle before surgery is associated with postoperative glenoid component loosening. High-grade rotator cuff fatty infiltration and atrophy have been found to be associated with more severe Walch classification-based glenoid morphology subtypes, increased joint line medialization, glenoid bone loss, and increased pathologic glenoid version. The authors describe how advanced imaging techniques are used for preoperative evaluation of the shoulder and discuss how to measure glenoid version and bone stock and classify glenoid morphology types on the basis of Walch classification, as these parameters are commonly used in surgical planning. Methods involving the use of Friedman and paleoglenoid lines for respective measurements are illustrated by using three-dimensional CT and MRI case examples. ©RSNA, 2020.
Cultural and environmental associations with body image, diet and well-being in NCAA DI female distance runners: a qualitative analysis.

Objective We aimed to describe current and former National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division One (DI) female distance runners’ experiences of perceived norms of body image and disordered eating in their sport, as well as the emergence and influence of coach–athlete power dynamics. This manuscript reports a qualitative research study (consisting of interviews and thematic analysis) of women athletes’ experiences of perceived norms of body image and disordered eating in their sport. We also report athletes’ experiences of coach–athlete power dynamics. Methods The study sample included 29 current and former female NCAA DI female distance runners, defined as competing in 800-metre distance or greater. Interviews were conducted, audio-recorded and hand transcribed. A thematic analysis was performed and presented. Results Two major themes emerged: (1) sport body ideals and body image norms and myths that exist in the sport, and (2) the power dynamic between athletes and coaches. It is not clear whether sport body ideals and culture of running influences coaching culture, or whether the coaches—who maintain positions of power in the sport—perpetuate the culture. These themes likely feed into each other and reinforce the existing and dominant mentalities of the sport. Conclusion Sport body image ideals and the power dynamic between coach and athlete may contribute to female athlete’s risk of disordered eating and body image disturbance. We call for the NCAA and athletic departments to develop and implement prevention and intervention programmes to prevent eating and body image disorders in this high-risk population.
PolySafe: A Formally Verified Algorithm for Conflict Detection on a Polynomial Airspace

Abstract This paper presents a strategy for verifying that an aircraft following a polynomial path complies with a given set of safety criteria in continuous time. Such criteria ensure that a minimal separation between the aircraft and a set of obstacles, which can be either static or dynamic, is maintained. Dynamic obstacles are also assumed to follow a known polynomial path. Dynamic obstacles may, for example, correspond to a separation volume around another flying aircraft. In the most general case, the separation criteria vary in time depending upon the position and relative velocity between the aircraft and the obstacle. The efficiency and scalability of the proposed algorithm, to be called PolySafe, make it suitable for real-time conflict detection and path re-planning of aircraft flying in a complex and crowded airspace. PolySafe has been formally verified to guarantee the detection of conflicts within a finite time horizon.