cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rehabilitation Therapies in a Concussion Clinic Cohort: Range, Rate, Reasons and Risk Factors

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a personalized rehabilitation treatment for balance disorders based on visual, proprioceptive and vestibular deficits evaluated by CDP versus a traditional rehabilitation program. Design: Randomized, controlled study. Setting: Outpatient. Personalized balance disorders rehabilitation. Participants: The study involves the recruitment of 240 MS patients with balance disorders. Patients are evaluated with computerized dynamic posturography to identify subjects with prevalent visual or proprioceptive or vestibular deficits. Patients are randomly assigned to the control group (traditional rehabilitation program [TRG]) or study groups (visual [VRG], proprioceptive [PRG] or vestibular [VSRG] rehabilitation group). Each group is composed with 60 subjects. Interventions: Personalized rehabilitation treatments for balance disorders based on visual, proprioceptive and vestibular deficits evaluated by computerized dynamic posturography versus a traditional rehabilitation program. Each group received rehabilitation treatment for 20 sessions, 3 sessions/week, 1 hour/session. Main Outcome Measures: Clinical and instrumental evaluations are: BBS, TUGT, Mini best test, ABC scale, MFIS, T25W, TWT 6min, SOT Composite score and Subscores (Equitest), falls diary, FES-I and VAS. All participants are evaluated at T0 (start of rehabilitation treatments), T1 (end of rehabilitation treatments), T2 (one month follow up), T3 (three month follow up) and T4 (six month follow up). Results or Clinical Course: Preliminary results: 105 patients reached the end of rehabilitation treatments (T1) until now. 26 were assigned to VRG group, 25 to PRG group, 39 to VSRG group and 15 to TRG group. We performed multivariate analysis with RM ANOVA model. Preliminary results show marked improvement of BBS (P<.02). VSRG group shows greater improvement in BBS than the other groups. SOT Composite Score Equitest shows greater improvement in treatment groups without even enhancement of the statistical data. Conclusion: Personalized rehabilitation treatment for balance disorders have greater impact on both clinical outcomes (BBS) and instrumental (SOT Composite Score Equitest) compared to traditional treatment.
Redescription of Alokistocare subcoronatum (Hall and Whitfield, 1877), the type species of Alokistocare , and the status of Alokistocaridae Resser, 1939B (Ptychopariida: Trilobita, Middle Cambrian)

Alokistocare subcoronatum (Hall and Whitfield, 1877) is the type species of Alokistocare Lorenz, 1906, the nominal genus for the diverse Middle Cambrian Alokistocaridae Resser, 1939b. New collections from the Ehmaniella Biozone contain cranidia, librigenae, hypostomes, rostral plates, thoracic segments, and pygidia, which allow a more complete understanding of the morphological range and character of this important species. Cladistic analyses using this new information about A. subcoronatum suggest that: 1) Ehmaniellidae Sundberg, 1994, is synonymous with Alokistocaridae; 2) Alokistocaridae is a monophylectic clade and not synonymous with Papyriaspididae Whitehouse, 1939; 3) Pseudoalokistocare Sundberg, 1994, is synonymous with Alokistocare; and 4) Taxa previously assigned to the older “Alokistocare”/Amecephalus group (Plagiura to Glossopleura biochrons) form a separate clade and should not be included in Alokistocare or the Alokistocaridae. These older species are assigned to Amecephalus Walcott, 1924, which is restricted to the Delamaran Stage. Alokistocaridae as recognized here is restricted to the Marjuman Stage. A morphometric analysis of Alokistocare subcoronatum shows minor but significant differences among collections, indicating population differences. In addition, the cranidium displays both positive and negative allometric growth as well as isometric growth. Allometric growth is present in both meraspid and holaspid stages. The pygidium shows only isometric growth.
Tactile Teacher: Enhancing Traditional Piano Lessons with Tactile Instructions

Tactile Teacher is a pair of fingerless gloves that senses a piano teacher's finger tapping and actuates correspond-ing vibration motors on the student's glove. In this paper, we briefly introduce the gloves and report preliminary re-sults from a user study with 13 subjects. The study shows that the system improves the playing accuracy of subjects without musical instrument experience by roughly 13%. However, no significant effects on the subjects with musi-cal instrument experience were observed. We conclude the paper with future works and the potential impacts of Tactile Teacher on real-time active learning.
A Statistical Study of the Hydrological Character of the Edwards Aquifer

The Edwards Aquifer is located in south-central Texas with a length of about 180 miles, and varying width from 5 to 40 miles. It is one of the most permeable and productive artesian limestone aquifers in the United States and supplies drinking water to more than 1.5 million people in San Antonio and the Austin-San Antonio corridor. Water from the aquifer is vital to the agricultural and light industrial economy of the region. Discharge from the aquifer provides water to many springs in the area, including two large springs, San Marocs and Comal Springs. Flows from the these springs provide water for the tourist and recreation industry, critical habitat for several endangered species and appropriated water use downstream for the Gulf Coastal Plain and the San Antonio Bay ecosystem. A major storm occurred in south-central Texas on October 17, 1998, through October 19, 1998 with most of the precipitation falling within the first 24 hours. The storm had two main centers of rainfall; one with 30 inches of rainfall and a second with about 22 inches of rainfall. This storm provided a unique stress on the Edwards Aquifer that allowed us to study the correlation between the surface water and groundwater systems and infer information about recharge, storage, and flow in the Aquifer. The study found that the initial response of river and stream flow to the precipitation event was very rapid and produced sharp peaks in flow with fast recession curves. Well and spring response was slower, with the well response times significantly longer than those of the springs. The data shows interesting correlations between the surface and ground water systems that are indicative of aquifer characteristics and help provide insight for future management decisions. Copyright ASCE 2006 World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006
Hypersonic boundary-layer stability over blunt leading edges with bow-shock effects

The stability of the hypersonic flow over a parabolic leading edge is numerically investigated using linear stability analysis accounting for the existance of shock waves in comparison with direct numerical simulations. The linear stability analysis is performed using a global spectral collocation method accounting for the shock effects by using Rankine-Hugoniot shock conditions on the upper boundary. It has been confirmed that the linear stability of the hypersonic flow between a bow shock and a parabolic leading edge has a new family of modes, namely shock modes, in addition to the first and higher modes found in the flat plate boundary layer case. The shock modes can be unstable at certain range of frequencies before the boundary layer first and higher modes begin to dominant. The stability characteristics of the shock modes and boundary layer modes are investigated. It is found that the shock modes and the first modes have rapid changes in their amplification rates when their wavenumbers cross. The effects of the Reynolds number are also investigated. Second and higher modes are found to be the dominant modes in the high Reynolds number case.
How Superior–Subordinate Relationship Quality and Conflict Management Styles Influence an Employee's Use of Upward Dissent Tactics

This study examined employees’ use of upward dissent tactics to express disagreement with organizational policies or practices to their supervisors. Employees (N = 242) from three organizations completed a survey instrument in which they reported the types of upward dissent tactics and types of conflict management styles they used with their supervisors as well as their perceptions of the quality of those relationships. The integrating conflict management style was positively correlated with the prosocial dissent tactic and negatively correlated with the threatening resignation dissent tactic. The dominating conflict management style was positively correlated with threatening resignation, circumvention, and repetition dissent tactics. When looking at relationships between the use of upward dissent tactics, superior–subordinate relationship quality, and conflict management styles, we found that conflict management styles were a stronger predictor of the use of upward dissent tactics than superior–subordinate relationship quality. Implications for employee voice are discussed.
Racial disparities in illness knowledge, sources used for cancer information, and perception of cancer treatment: A URCC CCOP Study.

B22 Backgrounds: Illness knowledge and sources used for cancer information can influence patients’ health behaviors. Despite their importance, however, few studies have examined the effects of these variables on perception of cancer treatment, especially across divergent ethno-cultural groups. Methods: The present sample included 973 cancer patients (904 whites, 69 non-whites) undergoing treatment at 20 geographically separate Community Clinical Oncology Program sites. Participants provided information about their perception of cancer and its treatment, and the sources used for cancer information: medical/professional, community, and media. Results: The analyses showed significant relationships between patients’ race and utilization of medical/professional sources for cancer information and perception of cancer and its treatment (p-values
Increased Stability of Bcl-2 mRNA in B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL).

Abstract B-cell CLL is characterized by the accumulation of mononuclear B cells that are resistant to apoptosis as a result of bcl-2 oncogene overexpression. Nucleolin has recently been identified as a bcl-2 mRNA stabilizing protein that binds specifically to a 139 base AU-rich instability element (ARE) (Sengupta et al., J. Biol. Chem. 279:10855–10863, 2004). Thus, studies were done to address the question whether the increased levels of bcl-2 mRNA in CLL are related to stabilization of bcl-2 mRNA by nucleolin. B cells were isolated from the blood of 9 patients with CLL and 5 normal volunteers by density gradient centrifugation followed by positive selection with CD19 immuno-magnetic microbeads. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that greater than 90% of the CLL and normal B cells were CD19 positive and CD3 negative. Western blotting revealed that cytoplasmic nucleolin and total cellular bcl-2 protein levels were elevated 18-fold (p
Applying the Wang-Landau algorithm to lattice gauge theory

We implement the Wang-Landau algorithm in the context of SU(N) lattice gauge theories. We study the quenched, reduced version of the lattice theory and calculate its density of states for N=20, 30, 40, 50. We introduce a variant of the original algorithm in which the weight function used in the update does not asymptote to a fixed function, but rather continues to have small fluctuations that enhance tunneling. We formulate a method to evaluate the errors in the density of states, and use the result to calculate the dependence of the average action density and the specific heat on the 't Hooft coupling {lambda}. This allows us to locate the coupling {lambda}{sub t} at which a strongly first-order transition occurs in the system. For N=20 and 30 we compare our results with those obtained using Ferrenberg-Swendsen multihistogram reweighting and find agreement with errors of 0.2% or less. Extrapolating our results to N={infinity}, we find ({lambda}{sub t}){sup -1}=0.3148(2). We remark on the significance of this result for the validity of quenched large-N reduction of SU(N) lattice gauge theories.
Survival of good-risk germ cell tumor patients following post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection: The effect of bleomycin during induction chemotherapy.

4565 Background: Patients presenting with metastatic International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) good risk testicular cancer may receive either 4 cycles of etoposide and cisplatin (...
Efficacy of Variable Rate Soil-applied Herbicides Based on Soil Electrical Conductivity and Organic Matter Differences

Soil application of herbicides for preemergence (PRE) weed control in grain sorghum is vital to control weeds. Efficacy of soil-applied herbicides is impacted by herbicide adsorption which is influenced by soil organic matter (SOM) and texture. With precision agriculture technologies, variable rate applications (VRA) can be utilized to maximize herbicide effectiveness. In 2016, algorithms were developed for two locations to use VRA of two tank mixed herbicides based on SOM and soil electrical conductivity (EC) collected by a Veris MSP3 system. Drone imagery provided an effective way to evaluate the efficacy of herbicide applications along with visual assessment. VRA applications of herbicide tank mixes provided equal weed control compared to flat rate applications.
Perspective of Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization for the study of soft materials

Abstract Solution state Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization (ODNP) has been studied for 60 years, but only in recent years has found applications of broad interest to biophysical sciences of hydration dynamics (HD-ODNP) around biomolecules and surfaces. In this review we describe state-of-the-art HD-ODNP methods and experiments, and identify technological and conceptual advances necessary to broadly disseminate HD-ODNP, as well as broaden its scope. Specifically, incomplete treatment of the saturation factor leads to the use of high microwave powers that induce temperature-dependent effects in HD-ODNP that can be detrimental to the stability and property of the sample and/or data interpretation, and thus must be corrected for. Furthermore, direct measurements of the electron spin relaxation times for the nitroxide radical-based spin labels used in HD-ODNP have recently caught up with the ambient solution conditions of relevance to HD-ODNP experiment, allowing us to envision an explicit treatment of the saturation factor. This would enable “single-shot” HD-ODNP at one or two concentrations and power levels, cutting down experimental times from the typical hours to minutes. With the development of a user-friendly and robust operation, the application of HD-ODNP experiments can be broadened for the study of biomolecules, biomaterials, soft polymer materials (i.e. hydrogels) and surfaces. In fact, any hydrated materials that can be viably spin labeled can yield information on local water dynamics and interfaces, and so guide the design of soft materials for medical and pharmaceutical uses. A brief introduction to spin-labeling, and exemplary applications to soft materials is discussed to serve as inspiration for future studies.
Nuclear science experiments with a bright neutron source from fusion reactions on the OMEGA Laser System

Abstract Subnanosecond impulses of 1 0 13 to 1 0 14 neutrons, produced in direct-drive laser inertial confinement fusion implosions, have been used to irradiate deuterated targets at the OMEGA Laser System (Boehly et al., 1997). The target compounds include heavy water (D 2 O) and deuterated benzene (C 6 D 6 ). Yields and energy spectra of neutrons from D(n,2n)p to study the breakup reaction have been measured at a forward angle of θ lab = 3 . 5 ∘ ± 3 .5° with a sensitive, high-dynamic-range neutron time-of-flight spectrometer to infer the double-differential breakup cross section d 2 σ /d E d Ω for 14-MeV D–T fusion neutrons.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Ag Micro-Alloyed Mg-5Sn Alloy

Effects of 1.5 wt.% Ag addition and solid solution + artificial ageing at 160 °C on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Mg-5Sn alloy have been studied. The results show that Ag addition has significantly hardened the solution-treated Mg-5Sn alloy. During the ageing process, the hardness increase rate and the strength and ductility of the Mg-5Sn alloy at each state are also improved by Ag addition. The improved strengthening behavior is primarily attributed to the refinement distribution of the Mg2Sn precipitates, the enhanced precipitation process, and the synergistic strengthening effect of Mg2Sn and a metastable plate DO19 phase formed at lower ageing temperature. For each solution-treated alloy, the strength and ductility are higher than the corresponding cast ones. Ageing further enhances the yield strength, and the ductility of the Mg-5Sn-1.5Ag alloy is also increased after ageing. The fracture surfaces of the both peak-aged alloys exhibit the characteristic of a mixture of quasi-cleavage and ductile fracture.
Temporal dynamics of lipid and fatty acid characteristics of Gulf Menhaden, Brevoortia patronus, in the northern Gulf of Mexico

Abstract Gulf Menhaden, Brevoortia patronus, in the northern Gulf of Mexico support a large commercial fishery and are thought to play an important trophic role in the coastal ecosystem. The temporal dynamics of both fatty acid and oil content have a direct impact on the value of Gulf Menhaden to predators and to the fishery. In this work, we describe how oil content of Gulf Menhaden varies with season, sex, age, condition, and tissue and investigate how fatty acid composition of mature ( ≥ 137.5 mm FL) female tissues varies with season, month, and tissue type. We found pronounced temporal (January to October) variation in mean oil content ranging from 0.062 to 0.579 mg g−1 that exhibited a significant (p
Atom-Transfer Addition, Cyclization, and Annulation

Sequential free radical reactions have been used with considerable success to rapidly assemble functionalized organic molecules. Often, such reactions are carried out with a trialkyltin hydride reagent. However, the use of tin hydride is not always desirable (or possible), particularly when one or more slow steps are involved in a given sequence. The unique capability of iodine atom transfer reactions to control free radical sequences will be discussed. In this “atom transfer” method, the starting iodide substitutes for the tin hydride in the key chain transfer step. With proper design, intermediate radicals are permitted maximum lifetimes (to undergo desired reactions) while final radicals are permitted very short lifetimes. The development of addition, cyclization, and annulation reactions controlled by iodine atom transfer will be described. Several representative examples which focus on the chemistry of iodomalonates are shown below.
Dream as an Individual Map of Dilemma

For me, this is the most beautiful subject of all. It deserves an entire book. Much of value has been written starting from Freud’s (1900/1965) The Interpretation of Dreams. I cannot review this history of previous contributions, here. I need instead to confine myself to a single topic concerning dreams, which is how they can be read as an individual map of dilemma in brief psychotherapy.
Determining the Safety and Efficacy of Enhanced Recovery Protocols in Major Oncologic Surgery: An Institutional NSQIP Analysis

Enhanced-recovery (ER) protocols are increasingly being utilized in surgical practice. Outside of colorectal surgery, however, their feasibility, safety, and efficacy in major oncologic surgery have not been proven. This study compared patient outcomes before and after multispecialty implementation of ER protocols at a large, comprehensive cancer center. Surgical cases performed from 2011 to 2016 and captured by an institutional NSQIP database were reviewed. Following exclusion of outpatient and emergent surgeries, 2747 cases were included in the analyses. Cases were stratified by presence or absence of ER compliance, defined by preoperative patient education and electronic medical record order set-driven opioid-sparing analgesia, goal-directed fluid therapy, and early postoperative diet advancement and ambulation. Approximately half of patients were treated on ER protocols (46%) and the remaining on traditional postoperative (TP) protocols (54%). Treatment on an ER protocol was associated with decreased overall complication rates (20% vs. 33%, p < 0.0001), severe complication rates (7.4% vs. 10%, p = 0.010), and median hospital length of stay (4 vs. 5 days, p < 0.0001). There was no change in readmission rates (ER vs. TP, 8.6% vs. 9.0%, p = 0.701). Subanalyses of high magnitude cases and specialty-specific outcomes consistently demonstrated improved outcomes with ER protocol adherence, including decreased opioid use. This assessment of a large-scale ER implementation in multispecialty major oncologic surgery indicates its feasibility, safety, and efficacy. Future efforts should be directed toward defining the long-term oncologic benefits of these protocols.
Comparison of ECMO Patients Bridged to LVAD vs Bridged to Transplantation

Purpose With the implementation of the new heart allocation system, the goal of our study was to compare the outcomes of patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation who were bridged to transplantation versus bridged to a left ventricular assist device prior to transplantation. Methods The UNOS database was queried for all adult patients (age >=18) who required support with ECMO at the time of listing or while on the waitlist for a heart from 2001-2018. Patients who successfully underwent orthotopic heart transplantation were stratified into those bridged immediately to transplantation from ECMO and those bridged to an LVAD prior to transplantation. Demographics, one year survival, postoperative stroke, postoperative renal failure requiring dialysis, episodes of rejection, and graft failure were compared. Results A total of 186 patients meeting criteria were identified. 117 patients were bridged from ECMO directly to transplantation, and 69 patients were successfully bridged from ECMO to either a Heartmate II or Heartware device prior to transplantation. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and log-rank test found a statistically significant difference in one year survival between patients who were bridge from ECMO to transplantation compared to those who were bridged to an LVAD prior to subsequent transplantation (p=0.0004, Figure 1). Incidence of new postoperative renal failure requiring dialysis (20.4% vs 1.5%), stroke (10.4% vs 1.5%), and postoperative graft failure (14.0% vs 2.9%) was higher and episodes of rejection requiring treatment (12.6% vs 18.8%) were lower in the patients bridged directly from ECMO to transplantation compared to patients bridged to an LVAD prior to transplantation. Conclusion Our study suggests that bridging ECMO patients to an LVAD prior to transplantation will result in improved one year survival compared to patients bridged to immediate transplantation. With the new heart allocation system, continued evaluation of outcomes is required to inform management strategies.
Visual Inertial Odometry At the Edge: A Hardware-Software Co-design Approach for Ultra-low Latency and Power

Visual Inertial Odometry (VIO) is used for estimating pose and trajectory of a system and is a foundational requirement in many emerging applications like AR/VR, autonomous navigation in cars, drones and robots. In this paper, we analyze key compute bottlenecks in VIO and present a highly optimized VIO accelerator based on a hardware-software codesign approach. We detail a set of novel micro-architectural techniques that optimize compute, data movement, bandwidth and dynamic power to make it possible to deliver high quality of VIO at ultra-low latency and power required for budget constrained edge devices. By offloading the computation of the critical linear algebra algorithms from the CPU, the accelerator enables high sample rate IMU usage in VIO processing while acceleration of image processing pipe increases precision, robustness and reduces IMU induced drift in final pose estimate. The proposed accelerator requires a small silicon footprint (1.3 mm2 in a 28nm process at 600 MHz), utilizes a modest on-chip shared SRAM (560KB) and achieves 10x speedup over a software-only implementation in terms of image sample-based pose update latency while consuming just 2.2 mW power. In a FPGA implementation, using the EuRoC VIO dataset (VGA 30fps images and 100Hz IMU) the accelerator design achieves pose estimation accuracy (loop closure error) comparable to a software based VIO implementation.
Thomas Hobbes: the eternal law, the eternal word, and the eternity of the law of nature

The predication of the eternal law served as premise and and foundation for the existence of the law of nature in the classical/medieval intellectual inheritance of Thomas Hobbes and his contempora...
Old Mice Demonstrate Organ Dysfunction as well as Prolonged Inflammation, Immunosuppression, and Weight Loss in a Modified Surgical Sepsis Model.

Objectives Our goal was to "reverse translate" the human response to surgical sepsis into the mouse by modifying a widely adopted murine intra-abdominal sepsis model to engender a phenotype that conforms to current sepsis definitions and follows the most recent expert recommendations for animal preclinical sepsis research. Furthermore, we aimed to create a model that allows the study of aging on the long-term host response to sepsis. Design Experimental study. Setting Research laboratory. Subjects Young (3-5 mo) and old (18-22 mo) C57BL/6j mice. Interventions Mice received no intervention or were subjected to polymicrobial sepsis with cecal ligation and puncture followed by fluid resuscitation, analgesia, and antibiotics. Subsets of mice received daily chronic stress after cecal ligation and puncture for 14 days. Additionally, modifications were made to ensure that "Minimum Quality Threshold in Pre-Clinical Sepsis Studies" recommendations were followed. Measurements and main results Old mice exhibited increased mortality following both cecal ligation and puncture and cecal ligation and puncture + daily chronic stress when compared with young mice. Old mice developed marked hepatic and/or renal dysfunction, supported by elevations in plasma aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine, 8 and 24 hours following cecal ligation and puncture. Similar to human sepsis, old mice demonstrated low-grade systemic inflammation 14 days after cecal ligation and puncture + daily chronic stress and evidence of immunosuppression, as determined by increased serum concentrations of multiple pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines when compared with young septic mice. In addition, old mice demonstrated expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cell populations and sustained weight loss following cecal ligation and puncture + daily chronic stress, again similar to the human condition. Conclusions The results indicate that this murine cecal ligation and puncture + daily chronic stress model of surgical sepsis in old mice adhered to current Minimum Quality Threshold in Pre-Clinical Sepsis Studies guidelines and met Sepsis-3 criteria. In addition, it effectively created a state of persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and weight loss, thought to be a key aspect of chronic sepsis pathobiology and increasingly more prevalent after human sepsis.
Clinical outcomes of upper extremity ambulators post-reverse total shoulder arthroplasty

Abstract Background Patients requiring upper extremity assist devices such as canes, walkers, and wheelchairs have shown an increased incidence of rotator cuff tears (RCTs), distal clavicle osteolysis, and osteoarthritis. The frequent combination of glenohumeral arthritis and rotator cuff arthropathy makes reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) an attractive option in treating the shoulder pathology in these patients. The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the rTSA procedure for treatment of shoulder pathology in the upper extremity ambulator population, and what role preoperative functional status plays on outcomes. Methods The study involved a retrospective analysis of 30 upper extremity ambulator patients (ages 48-88, average = 72.54 years) who underwent a rTSA procedure performed by the senior author (S.G.) in Milwaukee, WI, USA. Of these 30, 5 patients received bilateral rTSAs, for a total of 35 procedures. Average follow-up for these patients was 32 months, (range 24-84 months). The following preoperative and postoperative characteristics were recorded for each patient: range of motion, Visual Analog Scale scores, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores, Constant Murley scores, and Simple Shoulder Test scores. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA analysis. Results Average Visual Analog Scale scores improved from 6.40 to 2.08 (gain = 4.362; P Conclusion This study shows that rTSA reliably leads to significant postoperative improvements in range of motion, function, and pain relief in the upper extremity ambulator population. Patients with lower preoperative scores showed overall higher gains in both pain and function postoperatively, ultimately leading to similar postoperative outcomes to those who started at a high baseline function. These gains were irrespective of a patient's other preoperative characteristics, including diagnosis of diabetes, preoperative opioid use, and the type of upper extremity assist device used. Level of evidence Level III.
The Impact of Small Brownfields and Greenspaces on Residential Property Values

Using a hedonic pricing model, this paper investigates the responsiveness of residential property values in a well defined inner-city neighborhood of Kenosha, Wisconsin, to the presence of two small former industrial sites contaminated by various environmental pollutants, or brownfields, and a local neighborhood park, or greenspace. Using readily available data on sales and assessments for residential property in close proximity to the brownfields and the greenspace, we estimate well behaved and statistically significant property value gradients with respect to the park, the environmental amenity, and the brownfields, the environmental disamenities. These functions are then used to estimate the possible impact that brownfield remediation may have on total property value. We estimate that remediation and redevelopment of the brownfields into greenspaces would increase property values for the 890 neighborhood residences between $2.40 and $7.01 million. These results suggest that small brownfields have a measurable impact on property values and that readily accessible data can be used to help local policymakers make decisions on remediation issues.
Exploring persistent complaints of imbalance after mTBI: Oculomotor, peripheral vestibular and central sensory integration function.

Background Little is known on the peripheral and central sensory contributions to persistent dizziness and imbalance following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Objective To identify peripheral vestibular, central integrative, and oculomotor causes for chronic symptoms following mTBI. Methods Individuals with chronic mTBI symptoms and healthy controls (HC) completed a battery of oculomotor, peripheral vestibular and instrumented posturography evaluations and rated subjective symptoms on validated questionnaires. We defined abnormal oculomotor, peripheral vestibular, and central sensory integration for balance measures among mTBI participants as falling outside a 10-percentile cutoff determined from HC data. A X-squared test associated the proportion of normal and abnormal responses in each group. Partial Spearman's rank correlations evaluated the relationships between chronic symptoms and measures of oculomotor, peripheral vestibular, and central function for balance control. Results The mTBI group (n = 58) had more abnormal measures of central sensory integration for balance than the HC (n = 61) group (mTBI: 41% -61%; HC: 10%, p's 0.113). Symptom severities were negatively correlated with central sensory integration for balance scores (p's Conclusions Ongoing balance complaints in people with chronic mTBI are explained more by central sensory integration dysfunction rather than peripheral vestibular or oculomotor dysfunction.
Using a Robotic-Assisted Approach for Stereotactic Laser Ablation Corpus Callosotomy: A Technical Report.

BACKGROUND Corpus callosotomy for medically intractable epilepsy is an effective ablative procedure traditionally achieved using either standard open craniotomy or with less-invasive approaches. Advances in robotic-assisted stereotactic guidance for neurosurgery can be applied for LITT for corpus callosotomy. CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS Two patients were included in this study. One was a 25-year-old female patient with extensive bi-hemispheric malformations of cortical development and medically refractory epilepsy, and the other was an 18-year-old male with medically refractory epilepsy and atonic seizures, who underwent a complete corpus callosotomy using robotic-assisted stereotactic guidance for LITT. RESULTS Both patients underwent successful intended corpus callosotomy with volumetric analysis demonstrating a length disconnection of 74% and a volume disconnection of 55% for patient 1 and a length disconnection of 83% and a volume disconnection of 33% for patient 2. Postoperatively, both patients had clinical reductions in seizure. CONCLUSION Our experience demonstrates that robotic guidance systems can safely and effectively be adapted for minimally invasive LITT corpus callosotomy.
Two novel adaptations for dispersal in the mite family Histiostomatidae (Astigmata)

Two unique morphological adaptations for phoretic attachment to arthropod hosts by deutonymphs of the family Histiostomatidae are described. The deutonymphal attachment plate of Creutzeria from Madagascar and Seychelles has well developed suckers for attachment to smooth cuticle, as well as modifications that allow for ‘grasping’. The conoidal setae are located on the posterior margin with apices modified into trifurcate, claw-like projections. Although the modified conoids are retracted and separated when the sucker plate is relaxed and flat, deutonymphs can fold the sucker plate medially and simultaneously extend the modified conoids. This action causes the medial conoids to merge and interlock their trifurcated tips above a furrow formed from the plate fold. In all probability, these deutonymphs are both entomophilous and pilicolous. The deutonymphal attachment plate of Ceylanoetus is enlarged, covering a significant portion of the paraproctal region. Although it has typical conoidal setae, the anterior suckers are greatly reduced and the medial suckers vestigial. The idiosoma has a truncated rear margin bearing flap-like lateral extensions that curve ventrally and surround the attachment organ. When dispersing, a deutonymph wraps the flaplike lateral extensions of its idiosoma around the anterior margin of the beetle host‘s tibia, thereby completely surrounding it. Although the ridged conoids probably help the deutonymph to hold its position, the ancestral attachment method by means of suckers has been lost in this genus. The term ‘crurophilous’ is proposed for this unique form of deutonymphal attachment.
AF10 Fusion Transcripts Are Identified By HOXA9/10 and MEIS1 Overexpression In T-ALL: A Report From Children’s Oncology Group AALL0434

The AF10 (MLLT10) gene can be fused to the CALM (10p13-14) or mixed-lineage leukemia ( MLL ; 11q23) genes, in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by complex rearrangements of chromosomes 10 and 11. Oncogenic fusion proteins produced by recurrent chromosomal translocations involving MLL or AF10 genes produce aberrant transcription factors, the expression of which typically leads to upregulation of HOXA cluster genes and their co-factors. HOXA9 has been correlated with poor prognosis in AML and B-ALL. We hypothesized that the HOXA9/10 and MEIS1 gene expression signature might identify cases of T-ALL with AF10 fusion transcripts. Because the HOXA9/10 and MEIS1 gene expression signature is not known to specifically detect AF10 fusions, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a custom AF10 break-apart probe (BAP) on 98 T-ALL cases from the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) AALL0434 study. We identified 7 cases (∼7%) with AF10 rearrangements (AF10-R) that were further tested using a custom AF10 / CALM double fusion FISH (D-FISH) probe. Four cases were found to have AF10 - CALM fusion, one case had no fusion to CALM suggesting the presence of a different translocation partner, and two cases require further characterization. Using the Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 microarray to assess gene expression, we examined HOXA9 / 10 and MEIS1 expression in 102 T-ALL cases from COG AALL0434. Following Robust Multi-array Average (RMA) normalization and Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE) analysis, we found that all seven AF10 -R cases were associated with overexpression of HOXA9/10 and/or MEIS1 genes. In combination with previously reported 9 MLL -R cases in the cohort of 102 cases from COG AALL0434 study ( Matlawska-Wasowska et al., 2012, ASH poster #2505 ), we report that at least 16% of patients in our series have MLL or AF10 rearranged T-ALL. These rearrangements are more common than previously appreciated, suggesting that HOXA overexpression may be a valid therapeutic target in T-ALL. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Cognitive Cities: Intelligence, Environment and Space

Publisher Summary Intelligence is a highly evolved ability to perceive, retain, retrieve, repeat, compare, transform, and generate pattern. All these capabilities involve the construction of some internal representation, some form of mirroring of the outside world. If an organism can retain a pattern long enough, and if it can construct a lasting representation of it, then it may be able to compare an incoming pattern to one that is stored. This simple schematization only involves the comparison of external input to internal representation. If an organism can construct patterns that pertain to it, then it can develop consciousness. This simple theory of intelligence as advanced pattern processing allows one to understand the development of computation as a direct extension of intellect. When one speaks of environment, one recognizes the distinction that has emerged between environments that are real, and environments that are virtual, and also the growing difficulty of differentiating between the two.. The intelligent environments naturally lead people to the inhabitation of increasingly abstract spaces, regardless of how familiar and comforting they choose to make the surface appearance of the interface between here and there. This chapter describes three sets of measures, three dimensions, with which one can construct the rough outlines of the space of intelligent environments: types of environments, types of intelligence, and loci of application of one to another.
Device closure of secundum atrial septal defects in children <15 kg: complication rates and indications for referral.

Objectives This study sought to determine institutional complication rates in a previously underreported patient population and discuss referral indications. Background There has been a trend over the years for referral of younger and smaller patients for “elective” closure of atrial septal defects (ASD). In general, the risks associated with ASD device closure are believed and reported to be relatively low. Complication rates in this group of smaller patients are not well described in the literature for either percutaneous or surgical approaches. Methods Retrospective review of all patients who underwent elective transcatheter closure of secundum ASD between March 2000 and April 2010. We excluded all children >15 kg, as well as those with complex congenital heart defects. Major and minor complications were predefined and indications for referral were evaluated. Results We identified 128 patients meeting criteria with a median procedural age of 1.92 years (3 months to 4.92 years), and median weight of 10.8 kg (4.3 to 14.9 kb). There were 7 major (5.5%) and 12 minor (9.4%) complications. Nearly two-thirds of referrals were for right heart enlargement or poor growth. Rate of resolution of residual shunt was 99%. When compared with age, there was no difference in the rate of resolution of right heart enlargement. No clinically significant improvement in growth was observed. Conclusions Transcatheter ASD closure in small children is highly successful, but with an increase in previously perceived complication rates. In small, asymptomatic patients, deferral of closure until the historically established timeline of around 4 to 5 years of age should be strongly considered.
Challenges confronting the future of emergency nursing

Ih h e c anges confronting this nation’s health care industry at present and those predicted for the future are cause for concern about professional survival, not only for emergency nurses, but also for nursing in general, as well as the other health professions. The article will examine the status of emergency nursing today; discuss the societal forces that will influence the demand for, supply of, and characteristics of the role of the emergency nurse; and present recommendations to enable emergency nurses to maximize the opportunities presented by the challenges of the future.
Panel 1: Are Adequate Legal Frameworks in Place at the Domestic Level?Challenging Impunity

it is a Pleasure to be here, with this very distinguished grouP of Panelists. As will be clear – I believe already is clear from Manfred Nowak’s remarks – international human rights law has long paid special attention to the scourge of torture, which is absolutely prohibited by international law. Yet even though torture was already unequivocally banned in all of the comprehensive post-war human rights treaties, specialized treaties have been adopted both at the international and regional levels to ensure effective enforcement of that prohibition, and also to provide effective redress when torture does occur. These specialized measures are aimed at ending impunity – a notion that figures prominently in the way that international legal experts talk about the obligations that states assume under treaties like the Convention against Torture. Indeed, Mr. Nowak invoked that concept when he said something to the effect, “impunity is one of the main reasons we have torture.” We often use the phrase “culture of impunity” to describe the conditions in which inhibitions, restraints against torture have been so loosened that people are encouraged to commit torture without fear of penalty or other serious consequence. And so, much of human rights law aimed at curbing torture seeks to dispel what we call the “culture of impunity.” As my colleague Rick Wilson mentioned, several years ago I was appointed by then UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan to update principles that United Nations Special Rapporteur Louis Joinet had developed a little over ten years ago, which provide guidance for states in combating impunity, not just for torture, but for all gross human rights violations and serious violations of international humanitarian law. My mandate was finite and specific: It was to update the principles that Louis Joinet had developed during the 1990s in light of two considerations. First, the updated Principles on Combating Impunity were supposed to reflect an expert assessment of developments in international law since Mr. Joinet had prepared his draft Principles – and these developments had in fact been quite significant. Second, the updated Principles were supposed to reflect the best practices of states in combating impunity. That is, the updated Principles were supposed to reflect and distill lessons learned from countries that have made vigorous efforts to combat impunity and in this way to try to ensure that torture and other serious abuses do not occur or, if they have occurred in the past, to prevent their recurrence. Panel 1: Are Adequate Legal Frameworks in Place at the Domestic Level?
Chapter 1 Molecular Mechanism of Type IV Collagen-Derived Endogenous Inhibitors of Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation, is regulated on both genetic and molecular levels. Pro- and anti-angiogenic stimuli maintain the angiogenic balance, and the tipping of that balance toward pro-angiogenic activity is critical for tumor growth and survival. Endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis, many of which are fragments from large extracellular matrix proteins, counter the effect of growth factors and keep angiogenesis in check. This chapter will discuss the molecular mechanisms of endogenous inhibitors derived from type IV collagen and review the in vitro and in vivo assays available to study their role in angiogenesis.
Large-Scale Image Deblurring in Java

This paper describes Parallel Spectral Deconvolution(PSD) Java software for image deblurring. A key component of the software, JTransforms, is the first, open source, multithreaded FFT library written in pure Java. Benchmarks show that JTransforms is competitive with current C implementations, including the well-known FFTW package. Image deblurring examples, including performance comparisons with existing software, are also given.
Motion planning and manipulation of multiple nanowires simultaneouly under electric-fields in fluid suspension

The automated steering and manipulation of multiple nanowires independently would enable the potentially scalable assembly of nanodevices for a variety of applications. We present an electric-field-based design for simultaneous motion planning and manipulation of multiple nanowires in liquid suspension. The design is built on a micro-fluidic device that is actuated by a simple, generic set of electrodes. We first present a motion-control algorithm to simultaneously steer multiple nanowires along desired trajectories under controlled electrophoretic forces, while compensating for background electro-osmotic flow. A two-stage motion-planning algorithm is then presented to generate the desired trajectory for each individual nanowire. Numerical simulations and experimental results confirm and demonstrate the performance of the proposed motion planning and control design.
A Fine-Structural Study of Conidium Initiation in Stemphylium Botryosum Wallroth

Conidia and conidiophores from synchronously sporulating cultures of Stemphylium botryosum were fixed and embedded at successive intervals for examination under the electron microscope. The spore initial arises as a small bud at the tip of the conidiophore, and no discontinuity between the conidiophore wall and the spore can be detected. The single-celled bud and the tip cell of the conidiophore have very similar cytoplasmic features. Besides the usual cellular organelles, irregularly shaped electron-transparent areas in which membrane systems seem to perform some internal secretory activity between the leaflets themselves are present. Globules of the slightly electron-dense material originating in these specialized areas can also be found next to the plasma membrane where they are released and presumably participate in wall formation. Such a secretory system has not been described before and may be of particular importance in higher fungi which are known to lack a true Golgi apparatus.