cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Are Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Patients Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines

Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe subjective and objective physical activity (PA) levels of two groups of cardiovascular patients who were either postcoronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery or diagnosed with heart failure (HF). Design A descriptive comparative design was used for this secondary analysis of data from two prior studies. Methods A convenience sample of 62 outpatients was used to examine PA objectively (Actiheart accelerometer) and subjectively (PA interview). Findings Objectively, 33% of CABG patients and no HF patients met PA recommendations of ≥150 min/week. Subjectively, 56% of CABG and 38% of HF patients reported meeting PA guidelines recommendations. Conclusions Few patients in this study met PA guidelines recommendations. Clinical Relevance Innovative rehabilitation nursing practice strategies are needed (e.g., use of activity trackers, making PA a vital sign) to assist patients in gaining the knowledge and skills to be more active and adhere to PA guidelines recommendations.
International Human Rights Treaties and the Right to Strike

The right to strike under international law has been challenged by the International Organization of Employers since the mid 1990s. The employer group claims that no such right exists under international law and are moving to undermine recognition of the right at the International Labor Organization (ILO). This article examines the right to strike in international human rights law. It examines the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights treatment of the right to strike and finds the right to strike exists in these treaties. Further, the article demonstrates that while employers may challenging the existence of the right to strike, governments around the world have overwhelmingly ratified international treaties contradicting the employer group’s position.
Heavenly appeals

After many millennia of being tortured in hell, Raymond K. Hessle has fnally earned a chance to appeal his sentence of eternal damnation. When he arrives at the "appeals" gate of heaven, he is greeted by the angel who will preside over his case. As Raymond waits at the edge of paradise, he will finally have a chance to prove just how worthy he is.
Oxo/Sulfidotungstate(VI) as Precursors to WVIO2, WVIOS, and WVIS2 Complexes and WIV−Dithiolene Chelate Rings

Synthetic models leading to oxosulfidotungsten(VI) groups and dithiolene chelate rings have been investigated. The heterogeneous reaction systems [WO4-nSn]2-/2Ph3SiCl/Me4phen (n = 0-2) in acetonitrile afford the complexes [WQ2(OSiPh3)2(Me4phen)] (1-3) in the indicated yields containing the groups W(VI)O2 (1; 86%), W(VI)O2 (2; 45%), and W(VI)S2 (3; 83%). In the crystalline state these complexes have imposed C2 symmetry, with cis-oxo/sulfido and trans-silyloxide ligands. 1H NMR spectra indicate that this stereochemistry is retained in solution. The colors of 2 (yellow, 367 nm) and 3 (orange, 451 nm) arise from LMCT absorptions at the indicated wavelengths. These results demonstrate that the silylation procedure previously introduced for the preparation of molecules with the Mo(VI)OS group (Thapper, et al. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 4104) extends to tungsten. Methods for the formation of dithiolene chelate rings MS2C2R2 in reactions with sulfide-bound M = Mo or W precursors are summarized. In a known reaction type, 3 and activated acetylenes rapidly form [W(IV)(OSiPh3)2(Me4phen)(S2C2R2)] (R = CO2Me, 4, 83%, and Ph, 5, 98%). In a new reaction type not requiring the isolation of an intermediate, the systems [MO2S2]2-/2Ph3SiCl/Me4phen/PhC=CPh in acetonitrile afford 5 (68%) and [Mo(IV)(OSiPh3)2(Me4phen)(S2C2Ph2)] (6; 61%). Complexes 5 and 6 are isostructural, maintain the trans-silyloxide stereochemistry, and exhibit chelate ring dimensions indicative of ene- 1,2-dithiolate coordination. Reductions in the -1.4 to -1.7 V range are described as metal-centered. It remains to be seen whether the oxo/sulfidotungsten(VI) groups in 1-3 eventuate in the active sites of tungstoenzymes. (Me4phen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline.)
Sleep, well-being, and psychological symptoms in adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence of poor sleep quality in adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury (SCI) and to assess the clinical correlates. METHOD Participants completed interviews that included demographic information and standardized measures of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), physical (12-item Short-Form Health Survey, Version 2), mental (Beck Anxiety Inventory and Patient Health Questionnaire), and psychosocial well-being (Satisfaction With Life Scale). The study included 177 individuals between the ages of 19 and 50 years (M = 33.5 years, SD = 7.1) who sustained a, SCI prior to age 19 (M = 13.5 years, SD = 4.6) and had been injured for at least 1 year (M = 19.5 years, SD = 8. 2). Participants were recruited from 1 of 3 pediatric SCI programs in the United States and were predominantly male (62%) and White (84%). RESULTS Sleep difficulties were fairly common, with half of participants self-reporting poor sleep quality within the last month (n = 91 [51.4%]). Both increased age (r = .20, p = .008) and tetraplegia, F(1, 175) = 6.62, p = .011, were significantly associated with poor sleep. Activity-interfering pain (r = .57, p < .001) and general health (r = .37, p < .001) were also strongly associated with poor sleep. Even after accounting for age, injury level, and pain as control variables, sleep quality explained a small, but significant, portion of the variance in depression (R2 = .06, p < .001) and anxiety (R2 = .04, p = .005), but not life satisfaction (R2 = .02, p = .075). CONCLUSION These results suggest that adults with pediatric-onset SCI report more sleep difficulties than the standardization sample and that sleep is significantly associated with physical and psychological functioning. Consequently, better measures to detect and treat sleep problems among those with pediatric-onset SCI are recommended.
A PROGRAM FOR LOGISTIC REGRESSION ON THE IBM PC

Logistic regression is one of the most frequently used tools of epidemiologic analyses. This paper describes a program to accomplish interactive logistic analysis on the IBM PC and compatibles by using the disk operating system. The program provides most statistics of interest to epidemiologists, including confidence intervals for estimated coefficients and estimated odds ratios.
Microbial Cellulose Synthesis

Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on earth, has served mankind in countless applications from crude building resources to feedstock for advanced synthetic materials. As interest grows in alternative fuel resources, cellulose is among the primary contenders as a feedstock for generating these fuels. In recent years, interest in plant-derived, photosynthetically fixed cellulose has intensified, as this remains the major untapped natural source of stored solar energy in the form of carbon-carbon bonds. Although not usually considered in the biofuel sector, the ubiquity of microbial cellulose and the engineering of photosynthetic microbes for cellulose production make microbial cellulose a viable candidate. Not only does the remarkable versatility of microbial cellulose make its study worthwhile, but the microbes responsible for its synthesis serve as a simpler model for understanding the complex biological processes underlying plant cellulose synthesis.
AN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF NET PRESENT VALUE AND EQUIVALENT ANNUAL COST

Net present value and equivalent annual cost are two discounted cash flow criteria for comparing investment proposals. Why have accountants taken to net present value? Why do engineers readily use equivalent annual cost? This paper investigates the historical development of these principles to provide an explanation of why this is so.
The feasibility of performing longitudinal measurements in mice using small animal PET imaging and a microfluidic blood sampling device

To minimize blood loss in a mouse during quantitative PET imaging, we developed an automated blood sampling device using microfluidic technology. The integrated technology was proven reliable in measuring the cerebral glucose metabolism. In this study, we validated the performance of the microfluidic device using in vivo mouse studies. We examined the stability of the mouse in sequential PET scans to access the feasibility of acquiring multiple measurements from the same mouse over time. Cardiac output and body temperature were chosen as physiological indicators of mouse stability. Three control and three tumor-bearing mice were studied. Sixty minutes of PET data were acquired for each mouse following a bolus injection of 3'-deoxy-3'-[F- 18]fluorothymidine (FLT; ~250 muCi). 18 serial blood samples, 0.25 mul each, were taken from the femoral artery using the microfluidic device. Body temperatures were monitored before and after the scan. Immediately following the FLT scan, a 40-minute quantitative FDG (~300 muCi) PET scan was performed on the tumor-bearing mouse. Using a previously described first-pass angiographic method, we calculated two cardiac outputs for each mouse using the first 15-second data of the FLT and FDG scans respectively. The FLT data showed that the image-derived blood curve correlated (R squares > 0.95) well with the blood curve derived from the 18 arterial blood samples. The body temperatures (mean: 32.1degC) of the animal varied < 1% after the FLT studies. The cardiac outputs of the three tumor- bearing mice before the 18 blood samples were taken were 19.2, 15.7, 18.3 and were 18.7, 16.3, 18.9 ml/min afterward (i.e. < 4% change). We validated the performance of the microfluidic device using in vivo FLT-PET imaging. The physiology of the animal remained stable after the imaging and blood sampling procedure. Reliable longitudinal measurements using PET imaging are expected to be feasible with a protected arterial catheter.
A remarkable case of late-onset biatrial bacterial endocarditis of the Gore HELEX septal occluder.

The HELEX septal occluder (W.L. Gore & Associates, Newark, DE, USA) is a popular closure device for patent foramen ovale (PFO) and secundum atrial septal defect (ASD). Composed of a versatile polymer and a wire frame, it has been used for nearly a decade. A 50-year-old African American man with a PFO repaired 5 years previously with the HELEX was admitted to our hospital with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. A transesophageal echocardiogram demonstrated large mobile vegetations on the left and right atrial aspects of the occluder. Cardiothoracic surgery was consulted for removal of the vegetations and device, but hesitated owing to concurrent foot osteomyelitis and concern for re-infection of a potential replacement device. The patient was persistently bacteremic, his course complicated by septic pulmonary and cerebral emboli, but eventually cleared his infection on antibiotic therapy. Seventy days since admission, the patient was discharged to a rehabilitation facility. The case illustrates that infection is possible years after PFO/ASD closure despite a theoretical neoendothelialization within 6 months of implantation. Furthermore, it accentuates the success of timely and aggressive medical treatment, thereby averting high-risk open cardiac surgery. .
Factors associated with stroke, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, unstable angina, or mortality in patients from real world clinical practice with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes and early glycemic control

AbstractObjectives: The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), all-cause mortality, or a diagnosis of ischemic heart disease (IHD) or unstable angina (UA), among patients newly-diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with no recent history of cardiovascular (CV) events who rapidly achieve and maintain HbA1c ≤8.0%.Methods: Data were obtained from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) from January 1990 to December 2012. A nested case-control design was used with Cox proportional hazards analysis. Cases were identified by the first occurrence of stroke, MI, IHD, UA, or death within 5 years after HbA1c ≤ 8.0% was first reached (index date) following T2DM diagnosis. Controls were selected using a risk-set sampling approach and were matched 4:1 to cases using index date, exposure time, age, gender, and HbA1c at index date.Results: A total of 11,426 T2DM patients met the inclusion criteria for cases. Of these, 5,261 experienced a CV event. Strok...
Production Chains, Demand, and Output Volatility in the Durables Sector: 1967-2011

The durables manufacturing sector is modeled as a production chain consisting of firms that produce to order and firms that produce to stock. Output movements are driven solely by shocks to final demand. Separate demand models are estimated over four separate sub-samples spanning the 1967-2011 period. Simulations indicate that changes in the volatility of output can be explained as a by-product of changes in demand behavior without appealing to innovations in production management. The best evidence of innovations in production management that remains are declines in work-in-process and unfilled orders that began in the 1990s–well into the Great Moderation.
UNDERSTANDING THE UNIQUE NATURE OF THE ADOLESCENT STUDY ABROAD EXPERIENCE.

Abstract Despite rising numbers of adolescents traveling abroad each year, the majority of study abroad research focuses on emerging adults. This study represents an effort to expand our understanding of the study abroad experience from the adolescent perspective. Qualitative data were drawn from interviews and focus groups with, and observations of, participants in the program. Results indicate preparing for and then sharing the experience with like-minded peers, coupled with exposure to a new culture and direct interaction with locals, facilitated a process of reflection and growth with both perceived short-term and potential long-term impacts.
The influence of aqueous solvent on the electronic structure and non-adiabatic dynamics of indole explored by liquid-jet photoelectron spectroscopy

Understanding how the electronic structure of an aqueous solute is intricately bound up with the arrangement of a host liquid provides insight into how non-adiabatic photochemistry takes place in the condensed phase. For example, the presence of water provides additional solute-solvent interactions compared to non-polar solvents: changing the stability of ionized products and modifying the energies of low-lying excited valence states, as well as moving the point of intersection between potential surfaces. Thus, the locations and topography of conical intersections between these surfaces also change. The overall impact of the aqueous environment can be to modify the intricate photochemical and non-radiative pathways taking place after photoexcitation. Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (TRPES) in a liquid micro-jet is implemented here to investigate the influence of water on the electronic structure and dynamics of indole, the chromophore of the amino acid tryptophan. TRPES is used to establish ultrafast relaxation pathways that vary as a function of excitation wavelength. In our experiment, aqueous indole was excited with femtosecond pulses centered at 292 nm and 266 nm. The vertical excitation energy of aqueous indole is extracted and found to be lowered by 0.5 eV in water relative to the gas phase. In the TRPES study, the spectral signature of 1La and evidence of solvated electron formation on an ultrafast timescale are observed. Our data also points to a possible contribution of the dissociative πσ* state, which can be accessed by a conical intersection (CI) with the 1La state.
Evolution and Convention: Social Contract IV

This paper may be read in two different ways. It can be seen as a contribution to the literature on the evolution of bargaining conventions. (See, for example, Young [11].) Those who are interested only in this aspect of the paper will wish to read only Section 2. However, the chief motivation for writing the paper is to round off a philosophical point about the evolution of utilitarianism raised in an earlier paper (Binmore [4]).
Correlation of Structure and Function in Glaucoma: Quantitative Measurements of Disc and Field

The relationship between quantitative structural measurements of the optic nerve head and quantitative measurements of the visual field in glaucoma was studied. Computerized videographic image analysis (Rodenstock Analyzer) was used to obtain cup-disc ratio, disc rim area, and cup volume in 50 glaucoma suspects and 37 glaucoma patients. The visual field indices, mean defect and loss standard deviation, were calculated from Octopus Program 32. There were statistically significant linear correlations between each of the optic nerve structural parameters and visual field mean defect and loss standard deviation. The strongest correlation was between disc rim area and visual field mean defect (r = -0.49), which are both global measures of glaucomatous damage. The correlations were not strong enough to readily allow the recognition of early nerve damage by the parameters analyzed thus far. Closer correlations may be evident if structural parameters can be found that more accurately reflect the number of surviving axons in the optic nerve head.
The Early Language Environment and the Neuroanatomical Foundations for Reading.

The early language environment provides children with an understanding of many important aspects of language, such as grammar, vocabulary, and print concepts ([Scarborough, 2001][1]). Knowledge of these language components provides a foundation for nearly all forms of later communication and is
Training consulting teachers to assist elementary teachers in the management and education of handicapped children.

A graduate program designed to train consulting teachers is discussed. Students were instructed in behavior modification techniques and in means of assisting regular classroom teachers with the social and academic behaviors of handicapped children. Three case studies illustrating the types of projects conducted by students are presented.
Deeper Histories of Dispossession: The Genealogy of “Proletarian” Relations in Iceland

“Proletarian” relations are generally understood in terms of capitalist dispossession. However, a deeper historical approach to class relations in Iceland reveals the fundamental role of monopolization and labor insecurity across capitalist and pre-capitalist political economies. During the first settlement of Iceland in the late 9th century A.D., land was freely available to colonists, but by the late 17th century, over 95% of all farming properties were owned by landlords. Landlords and tenants frequently negotiated new leases, effectively creating a dispossessed, insecure, and mobile class of tenant farmers. Using the millennium-long history and archaeology of farmsteads in Skagafjorður, northern Iceland, we then outline (1) how it is that these “proletarian” relations came about in the first place, (2) how they were maintained, and, finally, (3) how Iceland’s “transition to capitalism” in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was less the creation of a uniquely proletarian class than a migration of long-dispossessed labor under new capital regimes.
Effects of oral contraceptive use on female sexual salivary hormones and indirect markers of muscle damage following eccentric cycling in women

To determine the effects of oral contraceptive (OC) use on salivary concentrations of testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, and its effects on the changes in indirect markers of muscle damage following eccentric cycling in women. 10 oral contraceptive users at follicular phase (OC-FOL), 10 non-oral contraceptives users at follicular phase (NOC-FOL), and 10 non-oral contraceptives users at ovulation phase (NOC-OV) participated. Subjects performed 30 min of eccentric cycling at 90% of their maximal concentric power output (PO). Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC), creatine kinase activity (CK), muscle soreness (SOR), and pain pressure threshold of vastus lateralis (PPT-VL) was assessed before, immediately after, and 24–96 h after cycling. Salivary estrogen, progesterone and testosterone concentrations were measured before, 72 and 96 h after exercise. No difference in estrogen levels between users and non-users was observed. Testosterone was 45% lower in OC-FOL than NOC-FOL at 96 h post-exercise (P = 0.01). Progesterone was 30.8-fold higher in NOC-OV than OC-FOL and 9.7-fold higher than NOC-FOL at 96 h post-exercise. The NOC-FOL recovered all indirect markers of muscle damage by 72 h post-exercise (P > 0.05). NOC-OV recovered MVC strength and muscle soreness (SOR and PPT-VL) by 96 h post-exercise (P > 0.05). OC-FOL did not recover baseline values of MVC, SOR, CK, and PPT-VL by 96 h. These results suggest that recovery after exercise-induced muscle damage took longer in OC-FOL, followed by NOC-OV and by NOC-FOL, respectively. Furthermore, testosterone and progesterone levels may affect recovery of indirect markers of muscle damage in women.
CitySeek: towards urban daylight models based on GIS data and semi-automated image processing

Recent trends promote living and working in high-density urban areas. Increased urban density, however, leads to a conflict between space-use efficiency and daylight access. Daylighting has been linked to energy efficiency and health and is often mentioned in relation to quality of space and real estate value. As daylight is becoming a resource of growing interest, cities need to include daylighting related performance indicators in their GIS datasets. To manage daylight related conflicts, cities have traditionally relied on zoning guidelines proposing simple, two-dimensional geometric evaluation techniques without ever directly measuring climate-based daylight availability. While simulation tools to model urban daylight availability exist, GIS datasets often lack key information needed for the simulation setup. This paper presents an approach towards building urban daylight models using GIS data and semi-automated image processing to capture window to wall ratios of building facades. As a case study, a speculative urban daylight model (UDM) for West Village in New York City is presented.
Incorporating Artificial Intelligence into Medical Cyber Physical Systems: A Survey

Medical Cyber Physical Systems (MCPSs) prescribe a platform in which patient health information is acquired by the emerging Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, pre-processed locally, and processed via advanced machine intelligence algorithms in the cloud. The emergence of MCPSs holds the promise to revolutionize remote patient healthcare monitoring, accelerate the development of new drugs or treatments, and improve the quality-of-life for patients who are suffering from various medical conditions among other various applications. The amount of raw medical data gathered through the IoT sensors in an MCPS provides a rich platform that artificial intelligence algorithms can use to provide decision support for either medical experts or patients. In this paper, we provide an overview of MCPSs and the data flow through these systems. This includes how raw physiological signals are converted into features and are used by machine intelligence algorithms, the types of algorithms available for the healthcare domain, how the data and the decision support output are presented to the end user, and how all of these steps are completed in a secure fashion to preserve the privacy of the users.
Sensitivity of comorbidity network analysis.

Objectives Comorbidity network analysis (CNA) is a graph-theoretic approach to systems medicine based on associations revealed from disease co-occurrence data. Researchers have used CNA to explore epidemiological patterns, differentiate populations, characterize disorders, and more; but these techniques have not been comprehensively evaluated. Our objectives were to assess the stability of common CNA techniques. Materials and Methods We obtained seven co-occurrence data sets, most from previous CNAs, coded using several ontologies. We constructed comorbidity networks under various modeling procedures and calculated summary statistics and centrality rankings. We used regression, ordination, and rank correlation to assess these properties' sensitivity to the source of data and construction parameters. Results Most summary statistics were robust to variation in link determination but somewhere sensitive to the association measure. Some more effectively than others discriminated among networks constructed from different data sets. Centrality rankings, especially among hubs, were somewhat sensitive to link determination and highly sensitive to ontology. As multivariate models incorporated additional effects, comorbid associations among low-prevalence disorders weakened while those between high-prevalence disorders shifted negative. Discussion Pairwise CNA techniques are generally robust, but some analyses are highly sensitive to certain parameters. Multivariate approaches expose additional conceptual and technical limitations to the usual pairwise approach. Conclusion We conclude with a set of recommendations we believe will help CNA researchers improve the robustness of results and the potential of follow-up research.
Debris Flow Syndrome: Injuries and Outcomes after the Montecito Debris Flow

On January 9, 2018, a catastrophic debris flow devastated Montecito, California. A 30-foot wall of boulders, mud, and debris ran down the hillsides at 15 miles per hour injuring dozens and causing 21 prehospital deaths. A retrospective review was conducted of the victims from the debris flow presenting to Cottage Health. Injury patterns, procedures performed, complications, length of stay, and outcomes were analyzed. Twenty-four patients were evaluated; 15 were admitted. Of the patients admitted, the most common presenting symptoms were soft tissue injuries (100%), hypothermia (67%), craniofacial injuries (67%), corneal abrasions (53%), and orthopedic injuries (47%), as well as loss of an immediate family member during the incident (73%). Procedures included skin irrigation (93%), operative soft tissue debridement (47%), body orifice irrigation due to mud impaction (40%), and orthopedic repair of fractures and ligaments (40%). All survived to discharge. "Debris flow syndrome" can be defined as a pattern of injuries, including soft tissue injuries, hypothermia, craniofacial trauma, corneal abrasions, orthopedic injuries, and mud impaction. Managing the debris flow syndrome requires co-ordinated and specialized care.
Protocol for Genome-Scale Reconstruction and Melanogenesis Analysis of Exophiala dermatitidis

Summary Exophiala dermatitidis is a polyextremotolerant fungus with a small genome, thus suitable as a model system for melanogenesis and carotenogensis. A genome-scale model, iEde2091, is reconstructed to increase metabolic understanding and used in a shadow price analysis of pigments, as detailed here. Important to this reconstruction is OptFill, a recently developed alternative gap-filling method useful in the holistic and conservative reconstruction of genome-scale models of metabolism, particularly for understudied organisms like E. dermatitidis where gaps in metabolic knowledge are abundant. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Schroeder and Saha (2020) and Schroeder et al. (2020) .
Separating Fact From Fiction: A Nationwide Longitudinal Examination of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Following Treatment of Dupuytren Contracture:

Background:One of the most feared complications following treatment of Dupuytren contracture is complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). This study aims to provide a national perspective on the incid...
Indicators and monitoring systems for urban climate resiliency

Cities in the USA and around the world have begun to take an active role in responding to climate change. A central requirement for effective urban climate strategies is the capacity to understand and measure how the climate is changing, the physical, environmental, and social impacts of the changes, and whether adaptation and resiliency policies and programs put in place in response are working. The objective of this paper is to review and assess how urban climate change and resiliency efforts can be measured and to define what might serve as meaningful indicator and monitoring protocols. The New York City Panel on Climate Change (NPCC) is used as a case study along with a reviews of the emerging literature of urban climate change indicators to analyze the requirements and processes needed for a successful urban climate resiliency indicator and monitoring (I and M) system. In the paper, the basic requirements of a proposed Urban Climate Resilience Indicators and Monitoring System are presented. A specific illustration of an I and M system for tracking the urban heat island highlights challenges as well as potential solutions embedded within such systems. Discussions how these protocols can be translated to other locales and settings, as well as the relationship to the US National Climate Assessment indicator process, are presented.
Temporary Free Access

Many universities rapidly transitioned to online instruction in the spring of 2020, and content providers responded by offering temporary free access to a wide range of sources. Despite having no d...
Toward Understanding Everyday Lives of Older Adults: A Methodological Exploration.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Emerging trends in aging in place and increasing needs for home health care highlight the importance of researching older adults' daily lives as they unfold within their residential environments. However, studies that examine how older adults interact with their home environments are scarce as homes are fluid and private spaces and do not render themselves easily to the researcher's eyes. This article explores a new investigational method combining 3D-scanning and biomarker tracking technology with in-depth qualitative interviews in situ to explore older adults' daily interactions with their home environments. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We employed a unique approach that combined spatial, locational, and physiological tracking technology with in-depth qualitative in-home interviews with older adults aged 62-89 who received home modifications as a means to successfully age in place. We explored multiple data sets both individually and collectively, using various data analysis, visualization, and integration methods to test the feasibility and utility of our approach. RESULTS A review of individual data sets allowed unique insights into different aspects of the daily lives of this sample of older adults. When combined, the data sets and subsequent analysis allowed an in-depth understanding of participants' well-being and adaptive behaviors. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS This study provides a strong methodology for studying the home environment and its impact on the participants' health and well-being. Insights obtained through this method can inform research, policy, and practice at all levels for professionals to continue exploring ways to support older adults aged 65 and older aging at home.
Percutaneous Cryoablation Provides Disease Control for Extra-Abdominal Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis Comparable with Surgical Resection.

The aim of this study was to determine outcomes and prognostic factors for patients with primary and locally recurrent extra-abdominal desmoid tumors who underwent percutaneous cryoablation, and to compare with patients treated with surgery. Group characteristics were compared using Fisher’s exact test, and propensity score matching was performed using the nearest-neighbor approach. Kaplan–Meier and log-rank analyses were used to evaluate the variation in first local recurrence and disease control, while multivariate Cox regression was used to identify factors associated with first local recurrence. All statistical tests were two-sided and a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Twenty-two cryoablation patients were matched with 33 surgical patients (n = 55). Median follow-up after cryoablation was 16.3 months versus 14.9 months after surgery. Two-year local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) was 59% after cryoablation and 71% after surgery, and median LRFS was 26.6 months after cryoablation but was not reached after surgery. Two-year disease control for all patients was 85%, however median disease control was not reached in either the cryoablation or surgery groups. There was no significant difference in LRFS or disease control between matched cryoablation and surgical patients. No local recurrences occurred after the first cryoablation in patients with zero or one of the following risk factors: tumor size > 5 cm, age ≤ 25 years, or locally recurrent disease. All patients with two or more of these risk factors recurred locally after the first cryoablation. Percutaneous cryoablation of primary and locally recurrent extra-abdominal desmoid tumors provides freedom from first local recurrence and long-term disease control comparable with surgery.
Optical metamaterials based on broken symmetries

In this talk, I discuss our recent research activity in nano-optics, polaritonics and electromagnetics, showing how suitably tailored metamaterials open exciting venues to realize new light phenomena and devices. I discuss in particular the role of broken symmetries in tailoring nano-optical phenomena, including tunable diffraction-free wave propagation and topological phenomena based on tailored lattice symmetries, time-reversal symmetry breaking in optical metamaterials, and parity-time symmetric phenomena.
Implementing and Adapting the SAFETY Treatment for Suicidal Youth: The Incubator Model, Telehealth, and the Covid-19 Pandemic

Abstract The Safe Alternatives for Teens and Youth (SAFETY) treatment was developed to decrease the risk of repeat suicidal and self-harm behavior in youth presenting with elevated suicide risk. This paper uses case illustrations to demonstrate the SAFETY treatment, building upon the companion paper describing our “incubator” treatment development model and process ( Asarnow et al., 2021 ). As illustrated in the second case illustration, the incubator model approach was particularly useful during the COVID-19 pandemic switch to telehealth. SAFETY specifically targets suicide and self-harm risk reduction using an individually tailored principle-guided approach, grounded in a case conceptualization that identifies cognitive-behavioral processes and reactions that contribute to increased suicide attempt risk and explains the youth’s suicidal/self-harm behavior within the context of his or her broader social systems. The SAFETY treatment has been tested in two treatment development trials, and results support the efficacy of SAFETY for preventing suicide attempts in adolescents presenting with recent self-harm.
Mechanik von Stützung und Bewegung

Kraft wurde auf S. 437 definiert. Krafte sind Vektorgrosen, d. h. sie haben sowohl eine Grose als auch eine Richtung. Beide Eigenschaften sind wichtig fur die Analyse des Knochen-Muskelsystems und beide konnen graphisch durch einen Pfeil, den Vektor, dargestellt werden. Der Pfeil wird gewohnlich so platziert, dass sein Ursprung am Punkt der Kraftwirkung, z. B. an der Ansatzstelle einer Sehne, liegt (man konnte auch die Pfeilspitze an die Ansatzstelle legen). Die Orientierung des Pfeils reprasentiert die Richtung der Kraft, seine Lange reprasentiert die Grose der Kraft in Bezug auf eine willkurliche Skala (z.B. 1 cm =10 N). Abb. 22.1 a zeigt den langen Kopf des M. triceps, der am Ellbogenfortsatz der Saugerulna ansetzt. Wenn die Kontraktionskraft annahernd der Querschnittsflache des Muskels entspricht, oder besser, durch direkte Messung am lebenden Muskel ermittelt wird, dann kann die Kontraktionskraft durch den Vektor F1 (Abb. 22.1 b) reprasentiert werden.
Uridylate-containing RNA sequences determine specificity for binding and polyadenylation by the catalytic subunit of vaccinia virus poly(A) polymerase

VP55, the catalytic subunit of vaccinia virus poly(A) polymerase, has the remarkable property of adding 30-35 adenylates to RNA 3' ends in a rapid processive burst before an abrupt transition to slow, non-processive adenylate addition. Here, we demonstrate that this property results from the affinity of the enzyme for uridylate residues within the 3' 31-40 nt of the RNA primer. At physiological salt concentrations, both polyadenylation and stable VP55 binding required the presence of multiple uridylates within a 31-40 nt length of RNA, though specific RNA sequences were not necessary. Even DNA in which the deoxythymidylate residues were replaced with ribouridylates, could be polyadenylated in a processive manner. Both the unmethylated pyrimidine ring and a 2'-OH on the associated sugar are features of ribouridylates that are important for priming. The abrupt termination of processive polyadenylation was attributed to translocation of VP55 along the nascent poly(A) tail, which lacks uridylates for stable binding. As evidence for translocation and interaction with newly synthesized RNA, other homopolymer tails were synthesized by VP55 in the presence of Mn2+, which relaxes its donor nucleotide specificity. Only during poly(U) tail synthesis did processive nucleotide addition fail to terminate.
A Gα subunit gene from the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum trifolii is required for conidial germination

Abstract Heterotrimeric G proteins are evolutionarily conserved GTP-binding proteins that regulate diverse signalling pathways, including pathways for growth and development, in eukaryotes. To study the role of heterotrimeric G proteins in mediating signals for growth and development in the filamentous fungal pathogen Colletotrichum trifolii , causal agent of alfalfa anthracnose, a gene encoding a Gα subunit homolog, designated ctg-1 , was isolated and characterized. The deduced product encoded by ctg-1 is nearly identical to Gα1-encoding genes from other filamentous fungi. Southern blot analysis showed ctg-1 is present as a single copy in the C. trifolii genome. On Northern blots, ctg-1 transcripts accumulate in germinating conidia, suggesting the protein plays a regulatory role during this developmental stage. Replacement of ctg-1 with a null allele resulted in fungal transformants whose conidia fail to germinate, demonstrating the requirement of ctg-1 for an early stage in the pathogenic life cycle of this fungus.
Mechanism of transmembrane signaling in osmoregulation

Publisher Summary Escherichia coli are highly responsive to their external environment and have adaptive mechanisms that allow them to adjust their metabolism or behavior to suit particular environmental circumstances. In many instances the adaptive mechanism involves signal-transmitting protein pairs, consisting of a sensor protein and a response regulator. The sensor detects an environmental stimulus and relays the information to the response regulator. In turn, the response regulator initiates changes in cellular metabolism or behavior. As sensors are often integral membrane proteins, transmembrane signaling can be an important part of the signal transduction process. This chapter focuses on the EnvZ and OmpR couple that is a particularly well characterized sensor/response regulator pair in E. coli K-12. They act in concert to differentially regulate two major outer membrane porin (omp) proteins, OmpF and OmpC, according to changes in external osmolarity. EnvZ is a membrane-bound sensor while OmpR represents the response regulator. The focus of this chapter is to discuss the signaling mechanism for these two proteins and how this results in osmoregulation of porin genes.
Molecular mechanism for dimerization to regulate the catalytic activity of human cytomegalovirus protease.

Biochemical studies indicate that dimerization is required for the catalytic activity of herpesvirus proteases, whereas structural studies show a complete active site in each monomer, away from the dimer interface. Here we report kinetic, biophysical and crystallographic characterizations of structure-based mutants in the dimer interface of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) protease. Such mutations can produce a 1,700-fold reduction in the kcat while having minimal effects on the Km. Dimer stability is not affected by these mutations, suggesting that dimerization itself is insufficient for activity. There are large changes in monomer conformation and dimer organization of the apo S225Y mutant enzyme. However, binding of an activated peptidomimetic inhibitor induced a conformation remarkably similar to the wild type protease. Our studies suggest that appropriate dimer formation may be required to indirectly stabilize the protease oxyanion hole, revealing a novel mechanism for dimerization to regulate enzyme activity.
Mechanical properties of the tissues of the brown alga Hedophyllum sessile (C. Ag.) Setchell: variability with habitat

Abstract The brown alga Hedophyllum sessile (C. Ag.) Setchell occurs in a variety of habitats, from very sheltered bays to open coasts exposed to strong wave action. Mechanical tests of blade tissues of this alga reveal that in general, plants from exposed localities are stronger and suffer than those from sheltered places. The extensibility of blade tissues seems constant among all localities from which plants were tested, but tissues from the bases of blades are significantly more extensible than those from other areas of the blades.
WE-F-16A-05: Use of 3D-Printers to Create a Tissue Equivalent 3D-Bolus for External Beam Therapy

Purpose: The purpose of this project is to demonstrate that a non-expensive 3D-printer can be used to manufacture a 3D-bolus for external beam therapy. The printed bolus then can be modeled in our treatment planning system to ensure accurate dose delivery to the patient. Methods: We developed a simple method to manufacture a patient-specific custom 3Dbolus. The bolus is designed using Eclipse Treatment Planning System, contoured onto the patients CT images. The bolus file is exported from Eclipse to 3D-printer software, and then printed using a 3D printer. Various tests were completed to determine the properties of the printing material. Percent depth dose curves in this material were measured with electron and photon beams for comparison to other materials. In order to test the validity of the 3D printed bolus for treatment planning, a custom bolus was printed and tested on the Rando phantom using film for a dose plane comparison. We compared the dose plane measured on the film to the same dose plane exported from our treatment planning system using Film QA software. The gamma-dose distribution tool was used in our film analysis. Results: We compared point measurements throughout the dose plane and were able to achieve greatermore » than 95% passing rate at 3% dose difference and 3 mm distance to agreement, which is our departments acceptable gamma pixel parameters. Conclusion: The printed 3D bolus has proven to be accurately modeled in our treatment planning system, it is more conformal to the patient surface and more durable than other bolus currently used (wax, superflab etc.). It is also more convenient and less costly than comparable bolus from milling machine companies.« less
An MMPI-2 scale to identify reported history of emotional abuse.

A 42-item MMPI-2 scale classified 97.5% of 201 clinic outpatients into groups reporting or not reporting prior emotional abuse.
Stereochemical Analysis of Isopentenyl Diphosphate Isomerase Type II from Staphylococcus aureus Using Chemically Synthesized (S)- and (R)-[2-2H]Isopentenyl Diphosphates

To study the catalysis of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) isomerase type II from Staphylococcus aureus, which is a flavoprotein catalyzing the interconversion of IPP and dimethylallyl diphosphate, we have chemically synthesized (S)- and (R)-[2-2H]IPP and carried out stereochemical analysis of the reaction. Our results show that the C-2 deprotonation of IPP by this enzyme is pro-R stereospecific, suggesting a similar stereochemical course as the type I enzyme.
Time-area-averaged momentum stream tube model for flapping flight

This paper formulates a time-area-averaged momentum stream tube model to provide the useful functional relations for the cruise velocity, power, and propulsive efficiency in forward flapping flight. This model is a direct generalization of the classical actuator disk theory by taking into account the effects of the unsteadiness and spatial nonuniformity of velocity in a momentum stream tube. It is found that the functional relation for the time-areaaveraged power required in flapping flight is almost the same as that given by the classical lifting-line theory for a fixed wing. The flapping span efficiency is introduced, and its physical meaning and significant role in the power relationareinterpreted.The flappingpropulsiveefficiencyisrelatedtothe flappingspanefficiency,normalizedtotal fluctuating kinetic energy, and wing aspect ratio. The use of this model to fit the collected data for birds allows estimating the flapping span efficiency, parasite, and induced drag coefficients and propulsive efficiency. Nomenclature A = effective area of actuator disk or cross-section area of momentum stream tube Ab = circular area of a diameter of wingspan AR = wing aspect ratio b = wingspan CDPara = parasite drag coefficient
Stories Parents Seldom Hear: College Students Write About Their Lives and Families

(1985). Stories Parents Seldom Hear: College Students Write about Their Lives and Families. The Journal of Higher Education: Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 104-106.
Income tax policy and charitable giving

Many studies over the past 20 years have looked at the response of charitable donations to tax incentives—the tax price elasticity of giving. Generally, authors have assumed this elasticity is constant across all types of giving. Using the 2001 Panel Study of Income Dynamics data on charitable giving, this paper estimates the tax price elasticity across six nonprofit subsectors, finding substantial variation. These results suggest that the fiscal effectiveness of tax deductibility depends on the type of donation involved. This has implications for both public policy and nonprofit management. © 2007 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management
Cyclic GMP-dependent and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases, protein kinase modulators and phosphodieterases in arteries and veins of dogs Distribution and effects of arteriovenous fistula and arterial occlusion

Possible involvement of cyclic GMP-dependent and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases, protein kinase modulators and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases in functions of vascular tissues were investigated in the dog. All of the above activities, localized in the smooth muscle-rich inner layer of the blood vessels, were found to be higher in the arteries than in the veins. The peripheral arteries were disproportionately richer in cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (as indicated by high ratios of cyclic GMP-dependent to cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase) than were the veins, with the exception of the pulmonary artery, an atypical arterial tissue exposed to low blood pressure. Interestingly, the protein kinase ratio for the aorta, an artery with no significant role in blood pressure regulation, was not higher than that for the vena cava. Creation of femoral arteriovenous fistulae in the dogs led to preferential reductions in the cyclic GMP-dependent enzyme activity both in the proximal and distal arteries, whereas it was elevated in the stressed vein distal to the anastomotic site. The cyclic GMP-dependent enzyme was preferentially reduced in the saphenous artery distal to occlusion. Changes in the cyclic GMP-dependent enzyme activity appeared to precede gross atrophy or hypertrophy of the vessels. It is suggested that the vascular cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase may be closely related to peripheral resistance and its regulation.