cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
HARVEST MANGMENT AS A KEY TO HIGH HEAD RICE

The relationship of moisture to milling quality gives growers a degree of control over head rice by allowing them to time their harvest according to moisture content. The head rice is highest when rice is harvested at moisture content greater than what is required for safe storage. Three of Egyptian varieties Sakha 101, Sakha 104 and Giza 177 were cultivated at Etai El-Baroud Agricultural Research Station Farm, Egypt in 2007 season, to determine the suitable harvesting time according to the grain moisture content to obtain high quality milled rice (head rice) character. This investigation was done in Rice Technology Training Center (RTTC), Alexandria; at different levels of harvesting time according to moisture content between 30% wet bases to 20% wet bases approximately for each variety in four replicates. Analysis of data showed that the optimum harvest moisture content differs with each variety. The optimum harvest moisture content for maximum head rice were obtained at 21- 23% for Sakha 101, from 20- 24% for Giza 177 and from 23- 26% for Sakha 104. So harvest management preserves rice quality that contribute directly to profit, and then rice growers must harvest rice as carefully as they grow it. Although this study showed that moisture content is very important, there are many factors have effect on milling quality. Key words: Rice- Harvest-Moisture -Quality The relationship of moisture to milling quality gives growers a degree of control over head rice by allowing them to time their harvest according to moisture content. The head rice is highest when rice is harvested at moisture content greater than what is required for safe storage. Three of Egyptian varieties Sakha 101, Sakha 104 and Giza 177 were cultivated at Etai El-Baroud Agricultural Research Station Farm, Egypt in 2007 season, to determine the suitable harvesting time according to the grain moisture content to obtain high quality milled rice (head rice) character. This investigation was done in Rice Technology Training Center (RTTC), Alexandria; at different levels of harvesting time according to moisture content between 30% wet bases to 20% wet bases approximately for each variety in four replicates. Analysis of data showed that the optimum harvest moisture content differs with each variety. The optimum harvest moisture content for maximum head rice were obtained at 21- 23% for Sakha 101, from 20- 24% for Giza 177 and from 23- 26% for Sakha 104. So harvest management preserves rice quality that contribute directly to profit, and then rice growers must harvest rice as carefully as they grow it. Although this study showed that moisture content is very important, there are many factors have effect on milling quality.
Additive Functional Cox Model

We propose the additive functional Cox model to flexibly quantify the association between functional covariates and time to event data. The model extends the linear functional proportional hazards ...
Ectopic Cushing’s Syndrome and Severe Hypocalcemia Due to Medullary Thyroid Cancer Responsive to Selpercatinib

Introduction: Cushing’s syndrome (CS) due to ectopic ACTH production from medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is characterized by rapid progression of disease, leading to hyperglycemia and hypokalemia. However, hypercortisolemia leading to hypocalcemia is rarely seen. Initiation of selpercatinib greatly improved hypocalcemia and ectopic CS in this case. Clinical Case: A 41-year-old man with a history of MTC (variant RET p.M918T) post thyroidectomy in 2018 developed progressive weight gain, lower extremity edema, weakness, new onset diabetes, severe refractory hypocalcemia and hypokalemia requiring multiple hospitalizations. On initial presentation to our institution, he was lethargic, had multiple ecchymoses, peripheral edema and proximal myopathy. Laboratory evaluation revealed Ca 5.4 mg/dL (NR 8.9 - 10.3), albumin 3 g/dL (NR 3.5 - 5.1), iPTH 1.4 pmol/L (NR 1.6 - 6.9), 25-OH vitamin D 23 pg/mL (NR 25–80) while taking elemental calcium 1500 mg every 6h, calcitriol 0.25 mcg/d and vitamin D3 1000 IU/d. Serum cortisol measured at 9:30 pm was 136 ug/dL (NR 2.5–11.9), ACTH 1,145 pg/mL (NR 7.2–63.3) and 24-h UFC 27,629 ug/d consistent with CS due to ectopic ACTH production. Calcitonin and CEA were 18,687 pg/mL (NR 0–7.5) and 3,766 ng/mL (NR 0–4.7). CT abdomen revealed numerous bilateral liver lesions and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. In addition to high doses of oral calcium and calcitriol, he required calcium drip up to 1.5mg/kg/hr for about 1 week. He simultaneously began cabozantinib, ketoconazole and metyrapone. Hospital course was complicated by infections and recurrent scrotal bleeding, so he was switched to selpercatinib. Two days after starting selpercatinib, ketoconazole was discontinued, and metyrapone has been gradually reduced. Most recent calcitonin was 149 pg/mL, CEA 97.8 ng/mL and 24-h UFC 10 ug/d on metyrapone 250 mg twice daily. Similarly, refractory hypocalcemia greatly improved, last serum Ca was 8.3 mg/dL on elemental calcium 480 mg/d. He has made significant clinical gains and has returned home from rehab. Clinical Lesson: Hypocalcemia is rarely described as a complication in patients with CS. Our patient had underlying hypoparathyroidism and vitamin D deficiency; however, hypocalcemia was initially refractory to high doses of calcium and calcitriol and only improved with treatment of CS. We suspect hypercortisolemia impaired 25 to 1,25 D activation, thereby reducing calcium absorption, and likely inducing hypercalciuria. These deleterious effects of severe hypercortisolemia combined with underlying hypoparathyroidism led to severe and refractory hypocalcemia requiring repeated admissions, and only improved once his ectopic CS due to MTC was recognized and controlled. The RET kinase inhibitor, selpercatinib, induced a rapid decline in calcitonin, CEA and ACTH levels, and with metyrapone, enabled control of hypercortisolemia and its complications.
No fats, no fems, no problems? Working out and the gay muscled body:

This article investigates two ubiquitous slogans that circulate among gay social media apps: ‘No Fats, No Fems’ and ‘Masc for Masc’. In their recurrence, both offer gendered readings of corporealit...
USANDO O LUGAR PARA COMPREENDER O MUNDO DA VIDA: O EXEMPLO DO ROMANCISTA BRITÂNICO PENELOPE LIVELY EM SPIDERWEB

Este artigo busca esclarecer o conceito fenomenologico de mundo da vida por meio dos temas geograficos lugar, experiencia de lugar e sentido de lugar. De modo mais simples, mundo da vida se refere a experiencias consideradas, por pessoas ou grupos, como dadas a priori e, portanto, nao visadas. Um objetivo da pesquisa fenomenologica e examinar o mundo da vida diretamente e, com isso, identificar e esclarecer aspectos da vida humana nao visados. Entao, eles podem ser entendidos de modo teorico e pratico. Este trabalho discute alguns principios da fenomenologia e, entao, aponta capitulacoes de lugar para esclarecer alguns aspectos sociais, ambientais e geograficos do mundo da vida. Para concluir essa discussao, o artigo considera a evidencia descritiva da escritora britânica Penelope Lively e sua obra Spiderweb, um romance de 1990 que descreve as motivacoes de um estrangeiro para habitar um lugar – uma vila ficticia dos dias atuais no Sudoeste Britânico do Condado de Somerset.
Teacher Implementation of Trial-Based Functional Analysis and Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior for Students with Challenging Behavior.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a training package on three middle school special education teachers’ accurate implementation of trial-based functional analysis (TBFA) and differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) with their students with autism spectrum disorders or emotional and behavioral disorders in the classroom setting. We also examined the effects of the DRA on six students’ challenging and replacement behaviors. Using a multiple probe across teacher participants design, we demonstrated that all three teachers implemented TBFA during TBFA training with performance feedback conditions and DRA during DRA training with performance feedback conditions with high procedural fidelity. Further, two of three teachers generalized high procedural fidelity with a new student. Finally, results indicated a reduction in all six students’ challenging behavior and an increase in their replacement behavior after the teachers received training and performance feedback on DRA implementation. Limitations and implications for research and practice are discussed.
AggR, a transcriptional activator of aggregative adherence fimbria I expression in enteroaggregative Escherichia coli.

Abstract Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAggEC) has been associated with persistent pediatric diarrhea in the developing world, yet the pathogenetic mechanisms of EAggEC infection are unknown. Our previous data have suggested that aggregative adherence of some EAggEC strains to HEp-2 cells is mediated by flexible, bundle-forming fimbriae, which we have termed aggregative adherence fimbriae I (AAF/I). Genes sufficient to confer expression of AAF/I are located on the 60-MDa plasmid of EAggEC 17-2; AAF/I genes are present as two unlinked plasmid regions (regions 1 and 2), separated by 9 kb of DNA. Here we report the complete DNA sequencing of region 2 and the identification of an open reading frame which is involved in the expression of AAF/I. One open reading frame of 794 bp encodes a protein (designated AggR) with a predicted molecular size of 29.4 kDa, which shows a high degree of amino acid sequence identity to CfaR and other members of the AraC class of gene regulators. The cloned aggR gene (or, alternatively, a cloned cfaR gene) was sufficient to complement a region 1 clone to confer AAF/I expression. To further substantiate the role of aggR in the regulation of AAF/I, we constructed a 289-bp in-frame aggR deletion and replaced the native gene in 17-2 by allelic exchange, using the temperature-sensitive vector pIB307. The resulting aggR deletions were negative for AAF/I expression, but expression was restored when the aggR gene (cloned into pBluescript II SK) was reintroduced into the aggR mutant. RNA slot blot experiments using a probe for the putative AAF/I pilin subunit (aggA) revealed that aggR operates as a transcriptional activator of aggA expression. aggA::phoA fusions were constructed in 17-2 and in 17-2 delta aggR. AggR was found to promote expression of the aggA gene under a variety of conditions of temperature, osmolarity, oxygen tension, and medium. At acid pH, aggA expression was maximal and was regulated by both AggR-dependent and AggR-independent mechanisms.
Cynical hostility and the accuracy of decoding facial expressions of emotions.

To examine the relation between cynical hostility and the accuracy of decoding facial expressions of emotions, 101 young adult participants completed the Cook–Medley Hostility Scale and Ekman's Pictures of Facial Affect. Results revealed that higher hostility scores were correlated with a greater number of errors in decoding facial expressions of emotions. Hostile individuals were more likely than nonhostile individuals to label inaccurately facial expressions of “disgust” as being “anger” and of “happiness” as being “neutral.” Results also revealed that males were more likely than females to label incorrectly facial expressions of disgust as anger. Partial correlations, controlling for gender, revealed that the relation between hostility and inaccurate perceptions of facial portrayals of happiness was significant, whereas the relation between hostility and inaccurate perceptions of facial displays of disgust was no longer significant.
Polymer-silicate nanocomposites : Model systems for confined polymers and polymer brushes

The static and dynamic properties of polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites are discussed, in the context of polymers in confined spaces and polymer brushes. A wide range of experimental techniques as applied to these systems are reviewed, and the salient results from these are compared with a mean field thermodynamic model and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations.
Hybrid phase locked loop system for PRML disk drive read channels

This paper describes a mixed signal Phase Locked Loop sub-system in a Partial Response Maximum Likelihood (PRML) disk drive read channel IC fabricated on a single poly, dual metal 0.6 u, 5 V foundry CMOS process. The PLL provides programmable damping factor and gain control over a 25-200 MHz frequency range. A non-linear ADC improves its robustness when processing asymmetrical input signals. Acquisition time is reduced by instantaneously adjusting the start-up phase of its clock output.
Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Methylphosphophenylalanine Derivatives Using Sulfinimine-Derived Enantiopure Aziridine-2-phosphonates

2-Methylaziridine-2-phosphonates were prepared from enantiopure sulfinimines and were demonstrated to be versatile synthetic intermediates for the synthesis of novel α-disubstituted and α,β-trisubstituted α-aminophosphonate derivatives. The first asymmetric synthesis of both enantiomers of α-methylphosphophenylalanine is described.
Neutronic Analysis of the Oregon State TRIGA Reactor in Support of Conversion from HEU Fuel to LEU Fuel

In support of the conversion of the Oregon State TRIGA Reactor (OSTR) from highly enriched uranium (HEU) fuel to low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuel, a comprehensive neutronic analysis utilizing MCNP5 ...
A field circumoval precipitin (FCOP) test for schistosomiasis japonica.

Abstract A circumoval precipitin test is described which is carried out on serum from finger-prick blood, and with lyophilized eggs of S. japonicum. It is quick and easy to perform, all the materials are easily carried, and the test is very suitable for use in the field. False negative results are few in comparison with the intradermal test; no false positive results were seen in this series of 97 persons.
1,5‐hydrogen shifts in methyl‐1,3‐cycloheptadienes

Density functional calculations are performed on the isomeric methlyl-1,3-cycloheptadienes and the transition structures that link them via 1,5-hydrogen shifts. A total of 18 stationary points were located, 10 minima and 8 transition structures. Many of the structures found are related conformationally. The results indicate that the isomerizations previously observed experimentally arise from antarafacial 1,5-hydrogen shifts. The calculated relative energies and activation energies are in satisfactory agreement with those observed by Mironov. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2002
Sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins are components of a nuclear matrix-attachment site

Abstract We have identified a nuclear matrix-attachment region within an upstream element of a human H4 histone gene promoter. Nuclear matrix proteins, isolated and solubilized from HeLa S3 cells, were found to interact with sequence specificity at this matrix-attachment region. Several types of assays for protein-DNA interaction showed that the minimal sequence for the nuclear matrix protein-DNA interaction was 5'-TGACGTCCATG-3'; the underlined region corresponds to the core consensus sequence for ATF transcription factor binding. Two proteins with molecular masses of 43 and 54 kDa were identified by UV-crosslinking analysis as integral components of this protein-DNA complex. The molecular masses of these proteins and the ATF-binding site consensus sequence suggest that these proteins are members of the ATF family. Our results provide direct evidence for nuclear matrix localization of sequence-specific DNA-binding factors for an actively transcribed gene. The proximity of a strong positive transcriptional regulatory element to the matrix-attachment region of this gene suggests that the nuclear matrix may serve to localize and concentrate trans-acting factors that facilitate regulation of gene expression.
Phosphorylethanolamine - the major constituent of the phosphomonoester peak observed by 31P-NMR on developing dog brain

31P-NMR spectra of newborn dog brains exhibit a prominent phosphomonoester (PME) peak (6.78 ± SD. 0.05 ppm from phosphocreatine peak), similar to those of human neonates. Studies were undertaken to identify the chemical constituents of this peak. Brains of puppies were funnel frozen for methanol-HCl-perchloric acid extraction after in vivo 31P-NMR spectra were taken. The pK of the major component of the PME region in the NMR spectrum of extract was 5.4, corresponding to that of phosphorylethanolamine (PEt). Addition of PEt increased the major peak on the PME region over a wide range of pH, while addition of phosphorylcholine or ribose 5-phosphate yielded distinct peaks. We suggest that the major constituent of phosphomonoester peak of 31P-NMR spectra of newborn dog brain is phosphorylethanolamine. Biochemical mechanisms relevant to changes of phosphorylethanolamine during brain development are discussed.
Developmental differences in recall: Encoding or retrieval?

Abstract First- and fifth-grade children and college adults (ages 6, 10, and 18 years, respectively) were presented a 30-item set of pictures to recall in a 4-trial study-test procedure. The stimuli were presented in one of three ways (encoding condition): randomly, blocked (according to categories), or sort (the subject was given the stimuli in random order and asked to sort them into categories). Recall was either free, cued, or constrained (retrieval condition). Results indicated that maximum adult recall was a function of the interaction of encoding and retrieval conditions, and that first- and fifth-grader's recall was influenced by retrieval conditions but not by encoding conditions. The blocked and sort encoding conditions did result in increased clustering relative to random encoding at all three ages, however. It was concluded that encoding conditions influence recall only as they effect the use of retrieval strategies.
Mechanistic quantification of RC bridge damage states under earthquake through fragility analysis

Risk assessment of infrastructure systems plays an increasingly important role in their plan, design, maintenance, retrofit and life-cycle cost evaluation taking into consideration their vulnerability to natural, technological and terrorist hazard. This paper develops a mechanistic model for seismic damageability of concrete bridges in the form of fragility curve in such a way that the model can be calibrated with the empirical fragility curves constructed on the basis of the damage data from the 1994 Northridge earthquake. As often observed from this and other destructive earthquakes, bridges are one of the most vulnerable components of a highway network system subjected to earthquake ground motion. For this reason, bridge damageability information in a succinct from as fragility curve is needed to pursue the seismic risk assessment of a highway networks consisting of as large as thousands of bridges that can be affected by a high magnitude earthquake with in and near the service area of the network.
Solving the radiation diffusion and energy balance equations using pseudo-transient continuation

Abstract We develop a scheme for the system coupling the radiation diffusion and matter energy balance equations. The method is based on fully implicit, first-order, backward Euler differencing; Picard–Newton iterations solve the nonlinear system. We show that iterating on the radiation energy density and the emission source is more robust. Since the Picard–Newton scheme may not converge for all initial conditions and time steps, pseudo-transient continuation ( Ψ tc) is introduced. The combined Ψ tc–Picard–Newton scheme is analyzed. We derive conditions on the Ψ tc parameter that guarantee physically meaningful iterates, e.g., positive energies. Successive Ψ tc iterates are bounded and the radiation energy density and emission source tend to equilibrate. The scheme is incorporated into a multiply dimensioned, massively parallel, Eulerian, radiation–hydrodynamic computer program with automatic mesh refinement (AMR). Three examples are presented that exemplify the scheme's performance. (1) The Pomraning test problem that models radiation flow into cold matter. (2) A similar, but more realistic problem simulating the propagation of an ionization front into tenuous hydrogen gas with a Saha model for the equation-of-state. (3) A 2D axisymmetric ( R , Z ) simulation with real materials featuring jetting, radiatively driven, interacting shocks.
Effects of newly arachidonic acid metabolites on microsomal Ca++ binding, uptake and release

The 5,6-; 8,9-; 11,12- and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and their respective hydration products, the vic-diols, recently reported as metabolites of arachidonic acid in rat liver microsomes, were examined for effect on release of 45Ca from canine aortic smooth muscle microsomes. At 10(-6) M, the diols had no effect, but the 5,6-; 11,12- and 14,15-epoxyacids increased the loss of 45Ca. Further studies with the 14,15-epoxyacid demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease of Ca++ uptake (ATP present) in canine aortic microsomes in 0.03 mM Ca++, whereas Ca++ binding (ATP absent) was not affected. Ca++ uptake, binding and release in rat liver microsomes was similarly affected by the 14,15-epoxyacid, the major epoxyeicosatrienoic acid derivative produced by rat liver microsomal incubations. It is suggested that alterations in Ca++ metabolism might be a possible mechanism of action for these derivatives of arachidonic acid.
Oxidation of ordered Pt–Sn surface alloys by O2

Abstract We have studied the oxidation of two, ordered Pt–Sn surface alloys at 380–425 K using moderately high pressures of oxygen (O2) at Po2=2×10−2 Torr. Under these conditions, the surface oxygen concentration increased to a maximum oxygen uptake of ΘO=1.2 ML ( 1 ML =1.505×10 15 atom/cm2) for the (2×2)-Sn/Pt(1 1 1) alloy (with ΘSn=0.25) and ΘO=1.4 ML for the (√3×√3)R30°-Sn/Pt(1 1 1) alloy (with ΘSn=0.33). Oxygen accumulation was accompanied by a shift in the Sn(3d5/2) XPS peak from 484.9 to 485.5 eV, with most of the pre-alloyed tin oxidized to a “quasimetallic” state (a form more reduced than SnO). In addition, an oxidic state of Sn (with composition SnO or SnOx, where x
Primary SIVsm isolates use the CCR5 coreceptor from sooty mangabeys naturally infected in west Africa: a comparison of coreceptor usage of primary SIVsm, HIV-2, and SIVmac.

Genetically divergent strains of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) from macaques (mac), chimpanzees, and sooty mangabeys (SM) efficiently used rhesus and human CCR5 (R5), but not CXCR4 (xR4), for cell entry. Thus far, however, no studies have characterized primary SIVsm strains for their use of coreceptors derived from their own natural host. Coreceptor usage of two primary, blood-derived SIVsm isolates, SIVsmSL92b and SIVsmFNS from naturally infected sooty mangabeys, was determined. Primary SIVsm efficiently used SM-CCR5 expressed on HOS.CD4 and U87.CD4 cells. Sequence polymorphisms in CCR5 found in four sooty mangabeys did not alter viral entry. Unlike primary rhesus blood-derived R5-tropic SIVmac251, primary SM blood-derived R5-tropic SIVsm was strongly CD4 dependent. The SM-CXCR4 gene was fully functional for xR4-tropic primate lentiviruses, but was not used by primary SIVsm. Therefore, the lack of xR4 tropism among naturally occurring SIVsm strains was not due to CxCR4 gene defects in the natural host. SIVmac derived from four macaques with AIDS also did not use macaque- or SM-derived CXCR4, showing that xR4 tropism did not develop during progression to disease as for humans infected with HIV-1. Three of four primary HIV-2 strains used CCR5 from human, sooty mangabey, and macaque. The fourth, HIV-27924A, obtained from a patient with AIDS, was xR4-tropic. Because SIVmac is most closely related to HIV-2, SIVmac might be expected to rnimic tropisms of HIV-2 infections. However, the correlation between xR4 tropism and AIDS may be a species-specific phenomenon limited to humans. The R5-tropic primary SIVsm and HIV-2 strains grew in CCR5-negative human PBMC, consistent with their use of non-CCR5 coreceptors. However, primary SIVsmSL92b did not use non-CCR5 coreceptors efficiently. The two primary SIVsm isolates replicated poorly in CEMx174 cells, which do not express CCR5, compared to CCR5-positive PM1 cells. SIVmac grew equally well in both cell lines. The findings show that SM-chemokine receptors are fully functional for virus entry and that multicoreceptor tropism is a common property of primary lentiviruses within the SIVsm/HIV-2 subfamily.
Understanding Kripke's Puzzles about Belief

In his famous 1979 article ‘A Puzzle About Belief’ Saul Kripke presents two puzzles regarding belief attribution, and he uses them to cast doubt on classical substitution arguments against the Millian view that a proper name has a ‘denotation’ (or reference) but no ‘connotation’ (or sense). In this article, I present Kripke's puzzles in what I take to be their most revealing form, discuss their relevance to the abovementioned arguments, briefly survey the ways in which philosophers have responded to these puzzles, and call attention to some issues related to the puzzles that have yet to receive the consideration they deserve.
Effect of monensin on the performance and nitrogen utilization of lactating dairy cows consuming fresh forage.

We conducted a lactation trial with a fresh forage diet in order to evaluate 1) the effects of monensin on nitrogen metabolism, and 2) the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS). Thirty Holstein cows in midlactation (eight fitted with ruminal fistulas) were gradually introduced to a fresh forage diet. A concentrate mix based on corn meal was fed before the a.m. and p.m. milking times 0730 and 1730 h, then the fresh forage was fed at 0830 and 1830 h. Fifteen cows each were allocated to a control (no monensin) and a treatment group receiving 350 mg/cow per day of monensin in the p.m. concentrate feeding. A 7-d fecal and urine collection period and a 3-d rumen sampling period were conducted with the fistulated cows. After the lactation study was concluded, the fistulated cows were fed forage regrowth and a 3-d rumen sampling period was repeated. Monensin increased milk production by 1.85 kg. Milk fat and protein concentrations decreased and milk fat and protein yields increased, but the effects were nonsignificant. Monensin did not significantly affect DMI. Ruminal ammonia and the acetate-to-propionate ratio decreased with the addition of monensin in both fed forages. Monensin decreased fecal N output, and increased apparent N digestibility by 5.4%. Because of the decrease in ruminal ammonia and increase in apparent N digestibility, we concluded monensin was sparing amino acids from wasteful rumen degradation with a fresh forage diet. The precision of the CNCPS in predicting performance was high (r2 = 0.76), and the bias was low (overprediction of 3.6%). These results indicate that the CNCPS can be used for dairy cows consuming fresh forage and gives realistic predictions of performance.
Probing Porosity and Pore Interconnectivity in Self-Assembled TiO2–Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures Using Hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR

Hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe NMR was used to probe the porosity and interconnectivity of pores in self-assembled hybrid TiO2–graphene nanostructures. We have demonstrated that HP 129Xe NMR is a powerful technique in probing any changes in porosity and interconnectivity of the pores caused by the addition of a small amount of functionalized graphene sheets (FGSs) (1% weight percent) into the network of mesoporous TiO2. To obtain the information on the changes in porosity and interconnectivity of the pores caused by the addition of a small amount of FGSs, a comparative study has been carried out by acquiring HP 129Xe NMR spectra under identical experimental conditions for both pure mesoporous TiO2 and hybrid TiO2–FGSs. The HP 129Xe NMR results from our comparative study suggest that TiO2 and graphene are mixed uniformly on the nanoscale and the resulting hybrid nanostructure has better channel connectivity between different domains, enhancing the transport property for Li-insertion/extraction.
Klinische, anatomopathologische und therapeutische Korrelate benigner intrakavitärer Herztumoren

Benigne intrakavitare Herztumoren fuhren zu „malignen“ Komplikationen, so das die rechtzeitige Diagnose und die entsprechende Therapie von vitaler Bedeutung sind. Unsere Untersuchung fast eine 10 jahrige Erfahrung nach chirurgischer Behandlung von 29 Patienten mit benignen intrakavitaren Herztumoren zusammen. Die postoperative histologische Untersuchung ergab in 27 Fallen die Diagnose eines Myxoms, und in 2 Fallen handelte es sich um ein papillares Fibroelastom. Die fuhrende Symptomatik bestand bei 19 Patienten in einer Dyspnoe. In 8 Fallen kam es zu einem embolischen Ereignis. Die Behandlung bestand bei allen Patienten in der Tumorexstirpation. Die Fruhletalitat betrug 10 %. Die Spatletalitat lag bei 4 %. Die Exstirpation ist die Therapie der Wahl benigner intrakavitarer Herztumoren. Sie ist dringlichst (auf Grund der nicht vorhersehbaren embolischen Komplikationen) durchzufuhren, falls der Tumor eine lobulierte knollige Oberflache aufweist. Dabei ist die deskriptive Rolle der Echokardiographie von uberragender Bedeutung.
Singular thoughts and singular propositions

A singular thought about an object o is one that is directly about o in a characteristic way—grasp of that thought requires having some special epistemic relation to the object o, and the thought is ontologically dependent on o. One account of the nature of singular thought exploits a Russellian Structured Account of Propositions, according to which contents are represented by means of structured n-tuples of objects, properties, and functions. A proposition is singular, according to this framework, if and only if it contains an object as a constituent. One advantage of the framework of Russellian Structured propositions is that it promises to provide a metaphysical basis for the notion of a singular thought about an object, grounding it in terms of constituency. In this paper, we argue that the attempt to ground the peculiar features of singular thoughts in terms of metaphysical constituency fails, and draw some consequences of our discussion for other debates.
SAFETY MONITORING OF AIR BRAKE SYSTEMS ON BOARD COMMERCIAL VEHICLES

Research is leading to development of an on-board, intelligent air brake warning device (IBWD) for commercial vehicles equipped with such brakes. Recent statistics show that a disturbing proportion of commercial vehicles are operating with brakes that are out of adjustment or otherwise improperly maintained. Air brake systems on multiaxle vehicles are particularly sensitive to brake adjustment and provide poor feedback of deteriorating performance to drivers. Currently, the only active warning is for low air pressure; drivers receive no information about the effectiveness of the total system. Recent improvements, including automatic slack adjusters and antilock brake systems, are not sufficient to ensure adequacy of brakes. IBWD performs an on-board, real-time assessment of vehicle brake performance through measurement of a relatively small number of parameters. It gives drivers adequate time for corrective action and provides maintenance personnel and authorities with valuable information for improved servicing and inspection activities. In addition to the safety benefits, IBWD will enhance commercial vehicle productivity by reducing unnecessary delays at inspection points and by boosting overall acceptance of other intelligent transportation system technologies. A discussion of IBWD design philosophy and methodology is presented. The measurable parameters of interest are discussed, along with how they will be monitored. Analysis and modeling of empirical data collected from an extensive full-scale vehicle test program are presented, along with techniques for deriving a brake assessment algorithm.
Coronary and Systemic Vascular Resistance during Reperfusion after Global Myocardial Ischemia

Abstract During controlled aortic root reperfusion after global myocardial ischemia for the performance of coronary artery bypass grafting (N = 16), coronary blood flow was the highest during the first 1 minute to 2 minutes even though the aortic root pressure was controlled at about 40 mm Hg. Even during the period of controlled low pressure, flow began to decline, and the decline continued during the period in which the pressure was controlled at 75 mm Hg. Calculated coronary vascular resistance rose steadily from an initially low value to one well above the normal value for beating hearts. A transient fall in resistance resulted from the administration of a bolus of nitroglycerin into the aortic root. When the initial reperfusate was normokalemic, coronary flow was less and coronary vascular resistance higher during the initial phase of reperfusion. The systemic arterial pressure and resistance fell during the first 1 minute to 3 minutes of reperfusion and in 25% of patients, remained low. The greater the potassium load delivered during the initially hyperkalemic phase, the longer the interval between the beginning of reperfusion and the resumption of cardiac systole.
New Strategies for Carcinoma of Unknown Primary: The Role of Tissue-of-Origin Molecular Profiling

The taxonomy and management of carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) has matured over the past decade with the use of sophisticated imaging and pathologic tools. In the era of tailored therapeutics, this presents both an opportunity and a challenge. Tissue-of-origin (ToO) molecular profiling has an important role in the diagnostic armamentarium of CUP cancers, and its niche continues to evolve with ongoing prospective studies. Despite the inability to conduct direct validation (i.e., primary tumor), the use of the indirect validation methods with immunohistochemistry (IHC), imaging, and treatment response has allowed us to evaluate the performance accuracy of ToO profiling assays in CUP cancers. Despite advances, we struggle with the undifferentiated neoplasms, which often remain unclassifiable after an exhaustive use of IHC and ToO profiling assays. Genomic characterization of these and other select CUP cancers using next-generation sequencing techniques may reveal actionable biomarkers outside the (tissue specific) cellular framework. Also, going forward, using data from comparative effectiveness research, one could envision using a streamlined, cost-effective algorithm that integrates IHC and ToO molecular profiling in patients with limited (or difficult-to-access) biopsies and difficult-to-diagnose cancers.
Competition and compensation: Coupled to death in development and cancer

Developing systems exhibit robust and tolerant properties in the form of compensation and competition within cell groups. Fundamentally, these behaviors are governed by mechanisms that elicit proliferation and apoptosis. Recent insights from the Drosophila system implicate new determinants that specify "winners" and "losers" in this process.
Vascularized Bone Grafting for the Treatment of Carpal Pathology

Vascularized bone graft procedures have been applied to several maladies of the carpus including proximal pole fractures of the scaphoid, Preiser's disease, and Kienbock's disease. Vascularized bone grafts are capable of primary bony healing without creeping substitution and can thus accel- erate fracture healing, replace deficient bone, and revascularize ischemic bone (1,2). Long-term data are now available to evaluate the benefits and de- ficiencies of vascularized grafts in the treatment of many carpal maladies. This article reviews the pertinent literature and provides some treatment algorithms for the use of vascularized bone graft- ing in cases of carpal pathology.
Feedback control of phase shift modulated half bridge circuits for zero voltage switching assistance

This paper develops concepts for feedback control of phase shift modulated half-bridge (PSM-HB) circuits for zero voltage switching (ZVS) assistance. Using a novel approach to determine the amount of ZVS assistance required, feedback control is applied to the PSM-HB in order to assist ZVS in half- and full-bridge based circuit topologies that are required to operate over a wide range of conditions. Feedback control of the PSM-HB allows minimum currents to be maintained at all operating points, allowing PSM-HB circuitry to be added to existing topologies with minimal additional losses. Practical considerations such as startup sequencing, an angle modulation strategy for fast auxiliary current changes, and auxiliary device selection are presented. Experimental results are presented for a 130 V, 200 W, 100 kHz dual active bridge demonstration system with an FPGA based implementation of the proposed approach. Together with existing literature, this paper aims to improve ease of design and implementation of PSM-HB ZVS circuitry when operating over a wide range of conditions with unknown or nonlinear circuit parameters.
Null Eigenvector Image Processing Using Supplementary Information

A new image processing technique has been developed which uses an operational eigenvector associated with the null eigenvalue (e.i.o) together with supplementary information to limit non-uniqueness associated with standard methods. A field of e.i.o. corrections is iteratively imposed to minimize the test function(s) reflecting solution agreement with the supplementary information. Computer simulation with supplementary information consisting solely of the global source field strength second moment value results in dramatic improvement over standard methods.
Off-axis field effects on the output spectra of vertically asymmetric adjustable-phase insertion devices

Abstract A number of alternative variable-field insertion device configurations that utilize differential longitudinal displacements of the undulator jaws for tuning have been recently proposed. In this paper we examine some of the off-axis field effects on the radiation characteristics of such devices and derive a number of conditions under which excessive degradation of the spectral-angular intensity distribution is attained.
Observations of the Motion of Single Electrons in Liquid Helium

We have developed an apparatus which can be used to monitor the motion of individual electrons in liquid helium. A sound wave is used to explode an electron bubble for a fraction of a microsecond. While the bubble is expanded, it is illuminated by light from a flash lamp. We describe the details of the experiment and show results obtained. In some cases, an electron is seen to follow a snakelike path. Our tentative explanation is that the electron is sliding along a quantized vortex line. If this interpretation is correct, the recorded track of the electron provides an image of the path of the vortex.
Consensus or Conflict? Political Behavior in the State Legislatures during the Jacksonian Era

IN The Age of Jackson, Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., fashioned a brilliant interpretation of party battles in the Jacksonian era.' Utilizing the work of progressive historians and his own research, he depicted a dynamic struggle between "conservative" and "liberal" forces representing the interest of certain economic groups, acting through the Whig and Democratic parties. Subsequently, students of the period have challenged many aspects of Schlesinger's work, but a bitter debate continues between those who, like Schlesinger, stress social cleavage and ideological differences,2 and those who emphasize an ideological consensus. The latter agree with Richard McCormick who said, "American parties are above all electoral machines, engaged in nominating and electing candidates, rather than, as Edmund Burke put it, being 'a body of men united for promoting by their joint endeavours the national interest upon some particular principle in which they are all agreed... " Although studies of congressional voting behavior
In vitro development of adventitious shoots in Euonymus alatus (Celastraceae)

Abstract Mature embryos of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb. were excised aseptically from seeds before or after cold treatment and germinated in light on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2% sucrose, 0.7% agar, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 0.01 mg l −1 and benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 0.1–0.5 mg l −1 . Hypocotyls of these seedlings were cut into 1–2-mm segments and induced to form adventitious shoots on the same medium. Large numbers of shoots, most bearing several pairs of leaf primordia, were produced per isolated hypocotyl segment. These shoots could be further multiplied by axillary bud release on medium containing 0–0.1 mg l −1 NAA and 0.0–0.3 mg l −1 BAP. Adventitious shoot formation began with profuse callus formation, originating in the epidermis of the hypocotyl. Vascular strands differentiated from callus parenchyma were observed extending into surface protuberances and, in older cultures, into adventitious shoot buds. Rooting was induced in vitro by culturing shoots on medium containing 0.4% agar and 3 mg l −1 indolebutyric acid (IBA). Rooted shoots were successfully transferred to vermiculite, hardened off and had the appearance of normal field-grown plants, including the characteristic winged periderm of this species.
A scale-invariant model of statistical mechanics and modified forms of the first and the second laws of thermodynamics

A scale-invariant statistical theory of fields is presented that leads to invariant definition of density, velocity, temperature, and pressure, The definition of Boltzmann constant is introduced as k(sub k) = m(sub k)v(sub k)c = 1.381 x 10(exp -23) J x K(exp -1), suggesting that the Kelvin absolute temperature scale is equivalent to a length scale. Two new state variables called the reversible heat Q(sub rev) = TS and the reversible work W(sub rev) = PV are introduced. The modified forms of the first and second law of thermodynamics are presented. The microscopic definition of heat (work) is presented as the kinetic energy due to the random (peculiar) translational, rotational, and pulsational motions. The Gibbs free energy of an element at scale Beta is identified as the total system energy at scale (Beta-1), thus leading to an invariant form of the first law of thermodynamics U(sub Beta) = Q(sub Beta) - W(sub Beta) +N(e3)U(sub Beta-1).
Abstract 970: Acquired sorafenib resistance is associated with enhanced invasive capability in A549 cells.

Acquired tumor resistance to molecular targeted anti-cancer therapeutics poses a significant challenge in cancer therapy. Extensive studies have revealed diverse mechanisms that give rise to resistant phenotypes. The present study aims to identify phenotypic characteristics associated with acquired tumor resistance to sorafenib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, using both in vitro and in vivo sorafenib-resistant human lung cancer models. We established our in vitro sorafenib-resistant model using A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells, which were continuously exposed to increasing concentrations of sorafenib (from 4 μM to 9 μM) over 10 months. Sorafenib-resistant A549 (A549R) cells gained the spindle-shaped morphology and exhibited an approximately 2-fold increase in the IC50 as compared with parental A549 cells [mean IC50 of 9.0 μM vs. 4.4 μM, p Citation Format: Qingyu S. Zhou, Diane Allen-Gipson. Acquired sorafenib resistance is associated with enhanced invasive capability in A549 cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 970. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-970
Significance of anti-lymphocyte antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Sera from patients with SLE frequently contain IgM and IgG antibodies with multiple specificities for lymphocyte surface determinants, including autologous antigens. The IgM antibodies are of relatively low binding avidity and exhibit broad reactivity with B and T lymphocytes from most individuals. IgG antibodies are reactive selectively with PBL from different individuals and appear to be more specific for B cell and a minor proportion of T cells. The molecular nature of the surface determinants involved and their relationship with known antigens and receptors remain largely undefined. Interest in anti-lymphocyte antibodies in SLE relates in part to data suggesting a causal role in the abnormal immune system function in this disorder. In this regard, possible mechanisms that are supported by indirect data include: a) antibody-mediated lymphocyte depletion in vivo, perhaps involving functional subsets specifically; b) antibody blockade of surface receptors operant in cell-cell and in cell-soluble antigen interactions. Certain data have raised the possibility that anti-lymphocyte antibodies represent serum markers for infection with virus as etiologic in SLE, but this question is controversial. Nevertheless, further investigation may yet reveal viral or genetically determined “SLE-specific” lymphocyte surface antigens. Clinically, anti-lymphocyte antibodies may have potential for mediating tissue injury in SLE, either directly or indirectly as circulating complexes in association with “shed” lymphocyte surface antigen. Direct evidence in support of such a role in the natural history of this disorder has not been forthcoming.
Dip-pen nanolithography of high-melting-temperature molecules.

Direct nanopatterning of a number of high-melting-temperature molecules has been systematically investigated by dip-pen nanolithography (DPN). By tuning DPN experimental conditions, all of the high-melting-temperature molecules transported smoothly from the atomic force microscope (AFM) tip to the surface at room temperature without tip preheating. Water meniscus formation between the tip and substrate is found to play a critical role in patterning high-melting-temperature molecules. These results show that heating an AFM probe to a temperature above the ink's melting temperature is not a prerequisite for ink delivery, which extends the current “ink−substrate” combinations available to DPN users.
Application and experimental verification of finite element modeling of friction effects for x-ray lithography mask mounts

In general, the application of finite element modeling to x-ray lithography mask distortions has assumed ideal conditions, i.e., frictionless mounts. Under actual conditions, friction can play a part in inducing both out-of-plane (OPD) and in-plane distortions (IPD) of the x-ray mask due to mounting or environmental conditions. This paper discusses the application of nonlinear three-dimensional interface elements to simulate friction in existing finite element (FEM) models of various masks and verifies the accuracy of the modeling with interferometric studies of both OPD and IPD for different mask configurations. Once the finite element models have been verified, the friction elements are then applied to a FEM model of the ARPA-NIST Mask Standard (with a kinematic mount) to determine the effects of friction on the IPD as a function of environmental temperature and clamping force. The results of this analysis show both the importance of designing ideal mounts (i.e., frictionless) as well as maintaining a fixed environmental temperature and controlling the clamping forces during the writing and exposure of x-ray lithography masks.