cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Women’s Perceptions of Sexual Exploitability Cues and Their Link to Sexual Attractiveness

Two studies examined women’s perception of the relationship between sexual exploitability and sexual attractiveness and women’s use of cues to sexual exploitability to signal sexual accessibility. Study 1 (N = 77) found that women accurately assessed other women displaying cues to sexual exploitability both as sexually exploitable and sexually attractive to men. Study 2 (N = 74) tested the predictions that women who were dispositionally inclined toward short-term mating, who were not in a committed relationship, and who perceived themselves to be low in mate value would be more likely to display cues to sexual exploitability as a mate attraction tactic. Results supported the first prediction. These results suggest that a subset of women, those dispositionally inclined toward a short-term mating strategy, employ the risky strategy of signaling sexual accessibility using cues to exploitability to advance their mating goals.
Initial experience with percutaneous selective embolization: A truly minimally invasive treatment of the adolescent varicocele with no risk of hydrocele development.

Abstract Objective Postoperative hydrocele development is a frustrating complication of varicocele surgical repair. To avoid this complication, we began to offer percutaneous embolization as a treatment option. We present our initial experience with this technique. Methods A retrospective review of all patients who underwent percutaneous embolization and sclerotherapy of a varicocele at our institution was performed. Results There were 27 patients with a mean age of 16 years (range 13–19 years). Indications included pain (48%), varicocele size (30%) and persistent testicular asymmetry (22%). Four patients had experienced failure of a previous surgical repair. Follow-up data were available for 21 patients (mean 9 months). The varicocele resolved in 19 patients (91%) with no evidence of hydrocele formation in any of the boys. There was resolution of pain in all patients for whom this was the indication for the procedure. In the two failures, access to the lower spermatic vein was not possible owing to the number and tortuosity of the vessels. Conclusions Percutaneous embolization and sclerotherapy represent a truly minimally invasive treatment with low morbidity, minimal pain and rapid recovery. In our early experience, since lymphatic channels are completely avoided, there appears to be no risk of hydrocele formation.
Efficient Simulation Architecture for Routing and Replication in Mobile Peer to Peer Network of UAVs

Most of the routing and replication algorithms assume the network to be large and therefore, the architecture and algorithms are designed to be scalable. These algorithms however may not perform well with limited number of nodes in a network of UAVs. It is better to design and simulate such algorithms to increase the efficiency in a small network as scalability is no longer an issue. For such networks, we present design and simulation of some effective routing and replication algorithms to route packets, disseminate information, and replicate data among nodes.
Decision criteria for the application of artificial intelligence in two-level maintenance

The authors present decision criteria for applying artificial intelligence (AI) technologies (in particular, expert and model-based systems) in two-level maintenance. They present a three-step process that describes a problem in the terminology of two-level maintenance, correlate this description with AI technology-based decision criteria, and evaluate the identified decision criteria to determine if artificial intelligence is a potential solution to the problem. >
Reliable computation of reactive azeotropes

Abstract The determination of the existence and composition of reactive azeotropes is important from both theoretical and practical standpoints in the analysis of combined reaction and phase equilibrium and in the synthesis and design of reactive separation systems. We present here a new method for reliably locating, from given thermodynamic models, any and all reactive azeotropes for multicomponent mixtures. The method also verifies the nonexistence of reactive azeotropes if none are present. The method is based on interval analysis, in particular an interval-Newton/generalized-bisection algorithm that provides a mathematical and computational guarantee that all reactive azeotropes are located. The technique is general purpose and can be applied in connection with any thermodynamic models. We illustrate the technique here using several example problems. In two cases, the liquid phase is modeled as ideal; in the other cases, liquid phase nonideality is modeled using either the Wilson or NRTL equation. In one problem, self-association of a component in the vapor phase is also included.
Visible Flame Heights of Laminar Coflow Diffusion Flames

Results of experiments are reported for overventilated buoyancy-controlled flames of various fuel mixtures in normal atmospheric air. The fuels studied were C2H6, C2H4, C2H2 and CH4, as well as fixed hydrogen-hydrocarbon mixtures of the first three, to give C2H6+H2, C2H4+H2, C2H2+H2 and C2H2+2H2. The focus of the work was to test the concept of flame height correspondence between pure fuels and “synthetic” fuels, synthetic methane being C6vH+H2, synthetic ethylene C2H2+H2 and synthetic ethane C2H4+H2 and C2H2+2H2. Adiabatic flame temperatures Taf were controlled by addition of N2 to the fuels, and comparisons were made at fixed Taf,. In accordance with theory, excellent flame-height agreements were obtained for ethane and the two synthetic ethanes. Agreements were somewhat poorer for synthetic ethylene and especially poor for synthetic methane. The former discrepancy is associated with differing sooling tendencies of the different fuels, while the latter is readily attributable to influences of molecular ...
Alkyltransferase-like Proteins: Brokers Dealing with Alkylated DNA Bases

A new pathway for the repair of DNA alkylation damage is described in this issue of Molecular Cell (Latypov et al., 2012). Alkyltransferase-like enzymes mark O(6)-alkylguanine lesions and, depending on adduct size, channel them into global genome or transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair pathways.
A perturbative multiple scattering theory

We extend existing multiple scattering theory to consider cases in which some scatterers are removed, shifted, or replaced. The study helps us understand the stability of scattering systems, and provides a powerful analytical tool for treating perturbation in few-body scattering experiments, particularly in atomic and mesoscopic physics.
Effects of polyploidy on secondary chemistry, physiology, and performance of native and invasive genotypes of Solidago gigantea (Asteraceae).

The role of polyploidy in facilitating invasiveness of introduced plants has not been well explored. Examination of traits of diploid and polyploid plants in both their native and introduced ranges can shed light on evolutionary processes occurring postintroduction in invasive plants. We determined the distribution and prevalence of cytotypes of Solidago gigantea in both its native range (USA) and introduced range (Europe), and measured a suite of biochemical, physiological, and reproductive characters for plants from both continents. Tetraploids were the most frequent cytotype encountered on both continents, while hexaploids were found only in the USA. Hexaploids were the most distinctive cytotype, with fewer differences observed between diploids and tetraploids. Comparison of diploids and tetraploids in the USA and Europe showed that traits changed in concert for both cytotypes. Both diploids and tetraploids in Europe had reduced concentrations of three classes of secondary chemical and invested relatively more into rhizomes than into fl owers. The same changes occurring in both cytotypes in the introduced range show that altered phenotypes of European plants are not due to shifts in the proportions of cytotypes but instead occur within them. There was no evidence that polyploids evolve more quickly in the introduced range.
Anatomical and cellular responses of Pinus monticola stem tissues to invasion by Cronartium ribicola

Summary White pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) causes extensive damage to white pines and their associated ecosystems across North America. The anatomical and cellular characteristics of C. ribicola colonization in Pinus monticola branch and stem tissues were studied as a basis for understanding host tree reactions that may be related to resistance. Samples examined showed typical fusiform swelling and some had produced aecia. The reaction of phloem and xylem tissues was compared with noninfected tissue using light and electron microscopy. Cortical parenchyma and phloem polyphenolic parenchyma cells underwent mitotic division, cell swelling, and ca sixfold greater accumulation of phenolic compounds in colonized vs. control stems. In the cortex and secondary phloem, haustoria were common in parenchymatous cells, and hyphae were abundant in the intercellular spaces, but cell death was rare, unless aecia had ruptured the stem cortex. Hyphae were also common in xylem rays, tracheids and between tracheids. Disease-induced changes in the cambial zone included development of cambium-derived xylem traumatic resin ducts. Results demonstrate that diverse host defence responses were activated in the bark of apparently susceptible trees, but lack of mechanical damage by C. ribicola to the phenol-containing host cells and the resin duct system allowed extensive colonization and development of aecia despite elicitation of these stem defences. Interactions between P. monticola and C. ribicola are discussed and compared with other conifer–fungus pathosystems.
Taking a Bite Out of Pain

The black mamba is one of the world’s deadliest snakes, and a bite is fatal to humans unless antivenom is administered immediately. Now, from this fearsome source comes a potential new treatment for pain. As Diochot et al. report in their new study, black mamba venom contains a new class of three-
Diboson Production at Colliders

This article is devoted to the physics of pairs of electroweak gauge bosons (dibosons) produced at high-energy particle colliders. Particular emphasis is placed on published results on diboson production from the CDF and DO experiments at the Fermilab Tevatron and the CMS and ATLAS experiments at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The study of diboson production at colliders plays an important role in tests of electroweak theory and searches for new phenomena at the TeV-energy scale and beyond. The diboson physics program has been a highlight of Run II at the Fermilab Tevatron. The progress made on analysis methods through the study of Standard Model diboson signals has had a direct and positive impact on the sensitivity of Higgs boson and New Physics searches in the Tevatron experiments. It is anticipated that diboson physics will play an even bigger role in the TeV-scale exploration now under way at the LHC.
N-glycosylation controls the function of junctional adhesion molecule-A

Junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) is an adherens and tight junction pro- tein expressed by endothelial and epithelial cells. JAM-A serves many roles and contributes to barrier function and cell migration and motility, and it also acts as a ligand for the leukocyte receptor LFA-1. JAM-A is reported to contain N-glycans, but the extent of this modification and its contribution to the protein's functions are unknown. We show that human JAM-A contains a single N-glycan at N185 and that this residue is conserved across multiple mam- malian species. A glycomutant lacking all N-glycans, N185Q, is able to reach the cell surface but exhibits decreased protein half-life compared with the wild- type protein. N-glycosylation of JAM-A is required for the protein's ability to reinforce barrier function and contributes to Rap1 activity. We further show that glycosylation of N185 is required for JAM-A-mediated reduction of cell migration. Finally, we show that N-glycosylation of JAM-A regulates leuko- cyte adhesion and LFA-1 binding. These findings identify N-glycosylation as critical for JAM- A's many functions.
Siberian hamsters that fail to reentrain to the photocycle have suppressed melatonin levels

Siberian hamsters readily reentrain to a 3-h phase delay of the photocycle (16 h light/day) but fail to reentrain to a 5-h phase delay. This study tested whether melatonin production was suppressed in animals that failed to reentrain. Melatonin was measured on the day before, day of, or several days after each phase shift. Melatonin levels measured 4 h after dark onset were approximately 83 microg/ml on the day before each phase delay and undetectable ( 57.6 microg/ml) but were undetectable after a 5-h phase delay (<8 microg/ml). Thus melatonin remained suppressed only after the phase delay to which hamsters also fail to reentrain. This relationship suggests that the propensity for reentrainment may be influenced by changes in melatonin production following a phase shift of the photocycle.
Kinetic Alfvén waves and particle response associated with a shock-induced, global ULF perturbation of the terrestrial magnetosphere

On 2 October 2013, the arrival of an interplanetary shock compressed the Earth's magnetosphere and triggered a global ULF (ultra low frequency) oscillation. The Van Allen Probe B spacecraft observed this large-amplitude ULF wave in situ with both magnetic and electric field data. Broadband waves up to approximately 100 Hz were observed in conjunction with, and modulated by, this ULF wave. Detailed analysis of fields and particle data reveals that these broadband waves are Doppler-shifted kinetic Alfven waves. This event suggests that magnetospheric compression by interplanetary shocks can induce abrupt generation of kinetic Alfven waves over large portions of the inner magnetosphere, potentially driving previously unconsidered wave-particle interactions throughout the inner magnetosphere during the initial response of the magnetosphere to shock impacts.
Mental Conditions of Criminal Responsibility

Professor Hart has contributed significantly to the critical evaluation of the principles of legal punishment. Unfortunately, Hart’s discussions occur in various articles and not in one coherent treatise, although most of them have been collected into one volume (PR). These articles are arranged in rough topical order, but as the papers were separately written over many years some arguments and ideas occur several times in different versions. The discussion of Hart’s views on punishment is split into two chapters. This chapter primarily focuses on analytical issues about principles of responsibility underlying Anglo-American criminal law. The next chapter emphasizes normative issues—the justification of punishment.
The Enduring Ghetto

A N important generalization emerges from a study of Negro life in New York City in the early nineteenth century and in the present, although at first glance the communities seem hardly comparable.' The most obvious distinctions appear to be the radical changes in Negro status and race relations that took place between the Jacksonian era and the America of Watts, Newark, and Detroit. Despite the seeming transformations, however, the essential structure and nature of the Negro ghetto have remained remarkably durable since the demise of slavery in the North.2 There has been an unending and tragic sameness about Negro life in the metropolis over the two centuries. Significant differences relate to the size and origins of the Negro population. When slavery ended in New York in 1827, about 13,000 black people, most of whom had been born within the state, resided in Manhattan. They represented 1.5 percent of the city's population on the eve of the Civil War; at that time, more than half of the residents of New York were foreign born. The Negro population remained relatively stable from the 1850s through the 1870s as the city literally became "Gotham," with Manhattan's population exceeding a million in 1875. Between 1860 and 1890, Negroes never represented more than 1.6 percent of the city's increasingly heterogeneous population.3 They were indeed "invisible," except to a small group of abolitionists in the antebellum period and a handful of religious and charity workers in the late-nineteenth century.
The Abrasion of Aluminum, Platinum, and Nickel by Martian Dust as Determined by the Mars Pathfinder Wheel Abrasion Experiment

The Mars Pathfinder Wheel Abrasion Experiment (WAE) spun a specially prepared wheel with strips of aluminum, platinum, and nickel, in the Martian soil. These materials were chosen because of their differing hardnesses, their ability to stick to anodized aluminum, and their comparative chemical inertness under Earth launch and Mars landing conditions. Abrasion of those samples was detected by the change in their specular reflectances of sunlight as measured by a photovoltaic sensor mounted above the wheel. The degree of abrasion occurring on the samples is discussed, along with comparisons to the abrasion seen in Earth-based laboratory experiments using Martian soil analogs. Conclusions are reached about the hardness, grain size, and angularity of the Martian soil particles, and the precautions which must be undertaken to avoid abrasion on moving parts exposed to the Martian dust.
Susceptibility of mice, guinea pigs and hamsters to challenge with Pasteurella hemolytica and its enhancement by microbial polysaccharides and related compounds.

Pasteurella hemolytica is mainly a pathogen of domestic animals and is usually associated with pneumonias of cattle and sheep. Carter (1964) has reviewed the literature relating to the role of P. hemolytica in bovine and ovine bronchopneumonias, as well as the relation of this bacterium to less frequently encountered septicemia of lambs and mastitis of ewes. P. hemolytica is also involved in pneumonia and septicemia of goats (Gourlay and Barber, 1960), and association of this bacterium with
Kinetics of Ordering in Fe3Al: Experiment

Alloys near the Fe 3 Al stoichiometry were prepared far from thermodynamic equilibrium by rapid solidification methods. These highly disordered materials were then annealed at low temperatures to develop B2 and D0 3 order. Both shortrange and long-range order (SRO and LRO) were measured by Mossbauer spectrometry and by x-ray diffractometry, respectively. The SRO was found to evolve in two stages: an initial quick growth of the SRO alone, followed by a slower growth of SRO along with LRO. As expected, at lower temperatures the absolute rates of growth of order were suppressed, but more interestingly, the relative rates of growth of B2 and D0 3 long-range order parameters were different at different temperatures of annealing. When the B2 order parameter is graphed against the D0 3 order parameter, at lower temperatures the “kinetic path” through this graph shows that B2 order evolves relatively more rapidly than D0 3 order.
Germinal Malignancies of the Testis: Experience, Management and Prognosis

AbstractA review of the experience with 134 consecutive patients with germinal cell testicular neoplasia indicates that definitively accurate staging of the malignancy at presentation is the single most important prognostic factor. Nearly two-thirds of the patients with all types of germinal malignancies survived or died of other causes and the highest survival rates were seen among patients with earlier stages of seminoma. In recent years patients with all types of germinal malignancies of the testis have been treated by radical retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy with enhancement of survivals. Patients with seminoma and non-seminomatous tumors exhibited increased survival rates with node dissection. In 66 consecutive lymphadenectomies the complication rate was less than 14 per cent, with only 1 death related to the operation. Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy not only affords therapeutic advantage but also provides an opportunity for accurate surgical staging of disease and allows for rational decision relati...
Age-related changes in tissue levels of prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate specific antigen.

AbstractImmunoperoxidase localization of prostatic tissue antigens has become useful in identifying the prostate as the origin of metastatic disease. Much research has been aimed at investigating the presence of these antigens in the adult prostate gland in benign and neoplastic states. Few studies have been done to determine the presence of these markers before puberty. We studied the prostate gland of 42 children of varying ages to determine the presence of these antigens at all age ranges to puberty. Sequential sections of the prostate were cut for prostate specific antigen, prostatic acid phosphatase, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The degree of immunoperoxidase stain was graded from 0 to 4. The results showed that staining levels of prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase were high at birth, decreased by age 6 months, reappeared by age 10 years and increased to puberty. Thus, the levels of prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase appear to follow the testosterone...
Germination and Growth of Panicum virgatum Cultivars in a NaCl Gradient

Increased levels of soil salinity are common in the plains of North America, frequently the result of agricultural practices. The use of Panicum virgatum (Switchgrass) is common in grassland restorationas well as a biofuel crop, both of which are typically performed on former agricultural lands. Knowledge of germination and growth are thus critical for successful establishment of switchgrass especially in saline soils, still fundamental knowledge is lacking. In this study we used a NaCl gradient to determine the effects of increasing salinity on germination and growth of four cultivars of switchgrass (Trailblazer, Cave-in-Rock, Blackwell, and Kanlow). Two-way analysis of variance indicated a significant (p < 0.05) interaction of cultivar type and salinity, where germination rates decreased with increasing salinity for all cultivars. Germination rate was highest for Trailblazer with a maximum of 93 % at 0.0 M while Blackwell had the lowest of 0 % at 0.15 M. Growth measured as shoot height was also significant for the interaction of cultivar x salinity, and a similar pattern of decreasing height with increasing salinity was seen. In general shoot length of Blackwell and Trailblazer was higher and had no negative effects of salinity on height up to 0.05 M NaCl concentration. Taken together, this work identifies switchgrass cultivars that are well suited for establishment and growth in saline lands, while also indicating that germination rate alone is not always good predictor of survival and growth.
The Quest for Spectacle Independence: A Comparison of Multifocal Intraocular Lens Implants and Pseudophakic Monovision for Patients with Presbyopia

We performed a literature review comparing multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with pseudophakic monovision to treat presbyopia. Multifocal IOLs utilize refractive or diffractive principles to treat both distance and near vision, with a single lens implant. Monovision uses traditional monofocal lens implants to treat the dominant eye for emmotropia, and the non-dominant eye for myopia. This planned anisometropia is designed to enhance intermediate or near vision. Generally, distance vision was similar with both types of lens implantation, near vision was better with multifocal IOLs, and intermediate vision appeared to be better in the monovision group. For patients requiring cataract surgery, both multifocal IOLs and monovision appear to address presbyopia with a high level of patient satisfaction. More patients reported complete spectacle independence with multifocal IOLs, but more glare and halos were reported by multifocal IOL patients as well.
Comorbidity: Meaning and uses in cross-cultural clinical research

American Indians and Alaska Natives were the subject of a workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health and the Indian Health Service. Comorbidity of anxiety, depression, and substance abuse is highly prevalent in these two populations, and this was the focus of the meeting. This paper introduces the topic of psychiatric comorbidity, and considers the topics of culture, psychiatric diagnosis, and assessment. Future research directions and a brief summary of the papers presented at the workshop, which are included in this issue, are provided.
The American Revolution of 1800: How Jefferson Rescued Democracy from Tyranny and Faction—and What This Means Today. By Dan Sisson and Thom Hartmann. (San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 2014. Pp. vii, 299. $29.95.)

This book first appeared in 1974 with an introduction by the political theorist Harvey Wheeler and no subtitle. Now it appears as a fortieth anniversary edition in abridged form (with condensed tex...
The Influence of Social Support on Dyadic Functioning and Mental Health Among Military Personnel During Postdeployment Reintegration

Objectives:Although many service members successfully cope with exposure to stress and traumatic experiences, others have symptoms of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety; ...
Toward a Personalized Approach in Prebiotics Research

Recent characterization of the human microbiome and its influences on health have led to dramatic conceptual shifts in dietary bioactives research. Prebiotic foods that include many dietary fibers and resistant starches are perceived as beneficial for maintaining a healthy gut microbiota. This article brings forward some current perspectives in prebiotic research to discuss why reporting of individual variations in response to interventions will be important to discern suitability of prebiotics as a disease prevention tool.
Assessing the impact of a targeted electronic medical record intervention on growth factor usage in cancer patients.

262 Background: Patients receiving chemotherapy are at risk for febrile neutropenia following treatment. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommend screening patients for risk of febrile neutropenia and risk stratification based on likelihood of febrile neutropenia events. Prophylactic growth factors (G-CSF) should be in patients receiving high-risk regimens or intermediate-risk regimens with individual risk factors. The impact of electronic medical record system (EMR) implementation on compliance with G-CSF support guidelines has not been studied. Methods: At West Virginia University/Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center we conducted an IRB approved retrospective chart review of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy from January 1, 2007 to August 1, 2008 (pre-EMR) and January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2011 (post-EMR). We reviewed the chemotherapy regimens and patient risk factors for developing febrile neutropenia, and determined if the G-CSF usa...
Synthetic MicroRNAs Stimulate Cardiac Repair

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short noncoding double-stranded RNAs that were found in several life forms, such as viruses, plants, animals, and humans. Their main function is to regulate gene translation by post-transcriptional binding of the RNA and prevent ribosomal translation (RNA silencing).1,2 miRNAs are important for the regulation of many biological processes in our body, including organ development, maintaining stable, and steady-state function of tissues during adulthood and after injury or disease.1,2 Although several miRNAs were found to be beneficial for cardiac regeneration, miRNAs are currently not in clinical use.3–5 In 2012, Dr. Mauro Giacca Laboratory showed that human miRNAs can induce neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation.6 They identified 40 miRNAs that significantly increased both DNA synthesis and cytokinesis in neonatal mouse and rat cardiomyocytes. They then selected two of these miRNAs (hsa-miR-590 and hsa-miR-199a) and showed their ability to promote adult cardiomyocytes cell cycle re-entry in vivo. In addition, they showed that in a mouse myocardial infarction (MI) model, delivery of adeno-associated vectors (AAV) encoding hsa-miR-590 or hsa-miR-199a induced cardiac regeneration with almost complete recovery of cardiac functional parameters. Although viral-derived vectors such as AAV could be efficient …
Modeling dynamics of a market-based emission control system: Efficacy analysis

The uncontrolled climate change is one of the most significant threats to the sustainable development of the human societies. Since the establishment of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, several models have been proposed to limit the emission of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) by trying to enforce abiding regulations to the participating countries. One of the successful implementations of such models is the Emission Trading System in the European Union, which economically incentivizes the carbon-heavy industries to cut their emissions on a gradual basis. In this paper, we have modeled the involving factors in such a carbon market through the system dynamics methodology, proposing a system of differential equations between the main factors such as the Emission Allowances supply, demand and their price. The coefficients are derived based on a Least Absolute Deviation (LAD) analysis on the historic available data. We analyze the effect of an implementable policy and show that by consistently increasing the coverage of the emissions from industries, the EU commission can reach to its predefined set values of the allowable volumes of emissions by 2050.
Einleitung: Video- und Online-Beratung und Online-Verkauf als Zukunftschance

In der Einleitung erhalten Sie einen Uberblick uber die Vorteile der Video- und Online-Beratung und des Online-Verkaufs. Das Ziel: Sie verfugen uber eine Entscheidungsgrundlage, ob und inwiefern es sich fur Sie lohnt, Video- und Online-Beratungskompetenz aufzubauen. Im Fokus stehen die sieben Schritte, die Ihnen helfen, die emotionale Online-Beratung als Vertriebschance der Zukunft nutzen zu konnen. Damit Sie die Video- und Online-Beratung erfolgreich durchfuhren konnen, benotigen Sie vor allem ein auf die spezifischen Erfordernisse der Online-Beratung abgestimmten Gesprachsleitfaden, die richtige Prasentations- und Bildschirmubertragungssoftware und ein Online-Buro mit Online-Beratungstools, Internetmarketing und Netzwerkmarketing.
A dual linker metal-organic framework demonstrating ligand-based emission for the selective detection of carbon tetrachloride

Abstract A novel luminescent metal-organic framework (LMOF) was synthesized through the incorporation of a molecular fluorophore and an anthracene-based colinker into a Zn-based structure. The compound crystallizes in a body-centered orthorhombic crystal system (space group: Imma). The three-dimensional porous network of Zn4(adc)4(tppe) (LMOF-271) exhibits no interpenetration and is classified as a 2-nodal, (4,6)-c net (sqc124 type) with (4-c)(6-c)2 stoichiometry. LMOF-271 contains two-dimensional sheets of paddle-wheel-type Zn-SBUs interconnected by anthracene-based colinkers, with tetradentate chromophores linking the nets together. Pristine LMOF-271 emits blue light (λem = 475 nm) upon UV excitation (λex = 365 nm). LMOF-271 selectively detects the toxic environmental contaminant carbon tetrachloride over similar volatile organic solvents, namely dichloromethane and chloroform. This work represents the first study making use of a LMOF to selectively and effectively detect carbon tetrachloride via luminescence signal change with a high KSV value of 48,903 M−1 and a detection limit of 22 ppb.
Enclothed Cognition: Professional Clothing Symbolism among Plus-Size Women Ages 18 to 24

This research explores how young, plus-size female consumers engage with the process of enclothed cognition. It is believed that clothing inherently carries symbolism within the garment itself, which may then be transmitted to the wearer, such as the feeling of authority felt when wearing a business suit. Traditionally, plus-size consumers are considered to be individuals ages 30-40, wearing an American size 16 or above. However, this does not cover a key area of the plus-size demographic: young plus-size consumers. This research utilizes semi-structured narrative interviews to further explore young plus-size women's personal definitions of professionalism and the enclothing process. Results indicate that these women may have difficulties enclothing the garments currently offered by plus-size retailers, as they do not match personal definitions of professionalism. Retailers should aim to provide garments that encloth a larger demographic area to provide greater options to consumers.
[Ag2M(Te2O5)2]SO4 (M = CeIV or ThIV): A New Purely Inorganic d/f-Heterometallic Cationic Material.

Two new isotypic d/f-heterometallic purely inorganic cationic materials, [Ag2M(Te2O5)2]SO4 (M = CeIV or ThIV), were synthesized using the metal oxides (MO2 and TeO2), silver nitrate, and sulfuric acid under mild hydrothermal conditions. The prepared materials were characterized via single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which revealed that the materials possess a 3D framework of corner-sharing Te2O52– units. The tellurite framework creates four unique pores, three of which are occupied by the MIV and AgI metal centers. The tellurite network, metal coordination, and total charge yield a cationic framework, which is charge-balanced by electrostatically bound sulfate anions residing in the largest of the four framework pores. These materials also possess AgI in a ligand-imposed linear geometry.
Preservation of competent rabbit lung function after 30 hours of storage with a low-potassium dextran solution

BACKGROUND The goal of organ preservation is maintenance of physiologic functions during extended extracorporeal storage. METHODS This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of using low-potassium (4 mmol/L) dextran (1%) solution on lung function after 30 hours hypothermic (10 degrees C) storage and to compare this with lung function after no storage. With low-potassium dextran solution rabbit lungs were flushed (10 degrees C, 40 ml/kg, 60 cm H2O), excised, inflated (with room air), and either not stored (control; no preservation; n = 9) or stored in low-potassium dextran solution (10 degrees C) 30 hours (experimental group; n = 9). RESULTS During the flush the infusion pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance for the two groups did not differ (17.56 +/- 1.3 versus 16.74 +/- 1.5 mm Hg/ml/sec). After either no preservation or after 30 hours of storage, the lungs were first reperfused with low-potassium dextran solution (37 degrees C) for 4 minutes and then with blood (37 degrees C) for 30 minutes at 100 ml/min. During the reperfusion period the mean pulmonary artery pressure and end-inspiratory airway pressure for the control and experimental groups did not differ. After reperfusion the wet and dry weights of the left lung were determined. The wet/dry ratio for the two groups did not differ (5.32 +/- 2.20 versus 4.70 +/- 2.70, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that cold flush, cold storage, and initial warm perfusion with low-potassium dextran solution crystalloid preserve lung function after 30 hours of storage.
A Brief History of the Thoracic Outlet Compression Syndromes

The History of the Thoracic Outlet Compression Syndromes has evolved over the past 150 years, from the first well documented case in 1861, to series of patients now treated in modern prospective randomized trials. This evolution has been driven by clinical and basic research contributions from major University Medical Centers and Clinics around the globe.
The Relationship Between Obesity and Atherosclerotic Progression and Prognosis Among Patients With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts: The Effect of Aggressive Statin Therapy

Objectives This study examines whether obesity accelerates atherogenic progression or adverse outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Background Obesity is a major risk factor for developing coronary heart disease. Whether obesity accelerates disease progression after CABG is unclear. Methods We examined how body mass index (BMI) related to atherosclerotic graft progression and a clinical composite outcome of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, CABG surgery, or angioplasty among 1,314 participants in the Post CABG trial. Participants who had undergone CABG surgery were randomly assigned in a 2 × 2 factorial design to warfarin versus placebo and aggressive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering with lovastatin 40 to 80 mg/day (to achieve LDL-C of 60 to 85 mg/dl) versus moderate LDL-C lowering with lovastatin 2.5 to 5 mg/day (to achieve LDL-C of 130 to 140 mg/dl). Angiographic progression was assessed by coronary angiography at 4 to 5 years. Results Higher BMI was associated with a higher likelihood of angiographic progression (p trend = 0.003) after adjustment for demographic factors, treatment assignment, smoking status, and years since CABG surgery, but not with clinical events (p trend = 0.81). In stratified analyses, higher BMI was associated with angiographic progression in the low-dose lovastatin group (p trend Conclusions Higher BMI is strongly associated with atherogenic progression after CABG surgery. Aggressive statin therapy may be protective against obesity-related acceleration of coronary heart disease.
PROBLEMS AND PROGRESS IN COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES TO THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF RECOGNITION

Computational methods for identifying functional properties of proteins are briefly discussed. The methods lead to the concept of structure-function motif. A specific example is alpha amphipathicity as an indicator of antigenicity. This motif, though useful for planning experiments, is not sufficiently reliable to provide the basis for vaccine design. Recent progress on docking strategies based on structural analyses may provide methods that will be useful for both protein and nucleic acid receptors.
Space Complexity of the Directed Reachability Problem over Surface-Embedded Graphs

The graph reachability problem, the computational task of deciding whether there is a path between two given nodes in a graph, is the canonical problem for studying space-bounded computations. Three central open questions regarding the space complexity of the reachability problem over directed graphs are: (1) improving Savitch’s \(O(\log ^2 n)\) space bound, (2) designing a polynomial-time algorithm with \(O(n^{1-\epsilon })\) space bound, and (3) designing an unambiguous non-deterministic log-space (UL) algorithm. These are well-known open questions in complexity theory, and solving any one of them will be a major breakthrough. We discuss some of the recent progress reported on these questions for certain subclasses of surface-embedded directed graphs.
How genetic parasites persist despite the purge of natural selection

Genetic parasites, such as transposons, plasmids and viruses, are ubiquitous in cellular life forms. Although the selfish nature of these genetic elements is undeniable, the actual cost that they impose on their host and the mechanisms by which they counteract natural selection remain unclear. We combined mathematical models and comparative genomics to disentangle the roles of selection, horizontal gene transfer, gene duplication and gene loss in the spread and persistence of genetic parasites. By quantifying the mean contribution of transposons, conjugative plasmids, prophages and toxin-antitoxin modules to the fitness of microbial hosts, we provide evidence that these genetic elements are deleterious at evolutionary timescales. Moreover, the transfer rates experienced by selfish genetic elements exceed the minimum rates required for their long-term survival, which fully characterizes these elements as parasites.
Extending the Discussion: Making the Grade: What Makes a Piece Difficult for Less Experienced Ensembles?:

Rawlings recommended that music teachers should select pieces for large-ensemble adjudicated events that not only challenge student musicians but also help ensure student success and promote a posi...
Carbonate ion concentrations in seawater: Spectrophotometric determination at ambient temperatures and evaluation of propagated calculation uncertainties

Abstract In ocean waters, the carbonate ion is of crucial importance to benthic and pelagic organisms that build their physical support structures out of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ). Marine carbonate ion concentrations ([ CO 3 2 − ]) are measurable through spectrophotometric observations of the ultraviolet (UV) light absorbed by lead carbonate in Pb-enriched seawater , but previous characterizations of the UV-absorption model were applicable only at a fixed temperature of 25 °C. In this paper, the model is extended to a temperature range of 3 to 40 °C and a salinity range of 20 to 40. This advancement allows for determinations of [ CO 3 2 − ] with temperature measurement rather than temperature control, thus decreasing the required financial investment and instrumental complexity. The extended model also represents a significant step toward the development of automated inline or in situ [ CO 3 2 − ] sensors and promotes the utility of [ CO 3 2 − ] as a fifth measured variable for inclusion in studies of the marine carbon dioxide (CO2) system. A quantitative evaluation of propagated uncertainties in CO2 system calculations based on measured [ CO 3 2 − ] as an input variable was also performed. The results show that total dissolved inorganic carbon ( CT) and total alkalinity (AT) are the most suitable measurable variables to pair with measured [ CO 3 2 − ] as input to such calculations. Pairing [ CO 3 2 − ] with the partial pressure of CO2 yields relatively low uncertainty in calculated pH — comparable to that resulting from conventional input pairs — but relatively high uncertainties in calculated AT and CT. Pairing [ CO 3 2 − ] with pH results in relatively high uncertainties in all calculated variables. CaCO3 saturation states (Ω) determined from measured [ CO 3 2 − ] (alone) can circumvent some sources of uncertainty inherent to conventional (two-variable) calculations. Simpler, more direct ways of measuring [ CO 3 2 − ] open up new opportunities for marine researchers and others interested in monitoring CaCO3 saturation states in seawater.
Laser Based Fluorescence Methods for Materials Science

The properties of a material can be profoundly affected by trace amounts of dopants or impurities. The most common mechanism by which the properties are changed is through the solid state defect chemistry. Point defects in solids play the same role as pH in solution equilibrium chemistry. In the same way that pH exerts strong effects on solution equilibrium chemistry, point defect concentrations exert similarly strong effects on solid state chemistry and the resulting bulk properties of the material. Historically, one measures the defect concentrations indirectly by measuring bulk properties but one can also use site selective laser excitation methods to measure the point defect equilibria directly. In this paper, we will discuss the application of these ideas to the study of interesting materials.
Management of Virologic Failure and HIV Drug Resistance

Approximately 20% of people with HIV in the United States prescribed antiretroviral therapy are not virally suppressed. Thus, optimal management of virologic failure has a critical role in the ability to improve viral suppression rates to improve long-term health outcomes for those infected and to achieve epidemic control. This article discusses the causes of virologic failure, the use of resistance testing to guide management after failure, interpretation and relevance of HIV drug resistance patterns, considerations for selection of second-line and salvage therapies, and management of virologic failure in special populations.
Well-balanced discontinuous Galerkin methods for the one-dimensional blood flow through arteries model with man-at-eternal-rest and living-man equilibria

Abstract The movement of blood flow in arteries can be modeled by a system of conservation laws and has a range of applications in medical contexts. In this paper, we present efficient well-balanced discontinuous Galerkin methods for the one-dimensional blood flow model, which preserve the man-at-eternal-rest (zero velocity) and more general living-man (non-zero velocity) equilibria. Recovery of well-balanced states, decomposition of the numerical solutions into the equilibrium and fluctuation parts, and appropriate source term and numerical flux approximations are the key ideas in designing well-balanced methods. Numerical examples are presented to verify the well-balanced property, high order accuracy, good resolution for both smooth and discontinuous solutions, and the ability to capture nearly equilibrium solutions well. We also test the proposed methods on nearly equilibrium flows with various Shapiro numbers. Man-at-eternal-rest well-balanced methods work well for problems with low Shapiro number, but generate spurious flows when Shapiro number gets larger, while the living-man well-balanced methods perform well for all ranges of Shapiro number.
Optimizing Retention in a Pragmatic Trial of Community‐Living Older Persons: The STRIDE Study

OBJECTIVES The Strategies to Reduce Injuries and Develop Confidence in Elders (STRIDE) study is testing the effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention to prevent serious fall injuries. Our aim was to describe procedures that were implemented to optimize participant retention; report retention yields by age, sex, clinical site, and follow-up time; provide reasons for study withdrawals; and highlight the successes and lessons learned from the STRIDE retention efforts. DESIGN Pragmatic cluster randomized trial. SETTING A total of 86 primary care practices within 10 US healthcare systems. PARTICIPANTS A total of 5451 community-living persons, 70 years of age or older, at high risk for serious fall injuries. MEASUREMENTS Study outcomes were collected every 4 months by a central call center. Reconsent was required to extend follow-up beyond the originally planned 36 months. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 3.2 years (interquartile range = 2.8-3.7 y), 439 (8.1%) participants died and 600 (11.0%) withdrew their consent or did not reconsent to extend follow-up beyond 36 months, yielding rates (per 100 person-years) of deaths and withdrawals of 2.6 and 3.6, respectively. The withdrawal rate increased with advancing age, was comparable for men and women, and did not differ much by clinical site. The most common reasons for withdrawal were illness and unable to contact for reconsent at 36 months. Completion of the follow-up interviews was greater than 93% at each time point. Most participants completed all (71.8%) or all but one (9.2%) of the follow-up interviews. The most common reason for not completing a follow-up interview was unable to contact, with rates ranging from 2.8% at 40 months to 4.6% at 20 months. CONCLUSION Completion of the thrice-yearly follow-up interviews in STRIDE was high, and retention of participants over 44 months exceeded the original projections. The procedures used in STRIDE, together with lessons learned, should assist other investigators who are planning or conducting large pragmatic trials of vulnerable older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1242-1249, 2020.
Colon and rectal surgery.

The field of colon and rectal surgery continues to progress as we enter a new millennium. Advances in surgical technique and perioperative care along with heightened understanding of the pathogenesis of disease processes have occurred over the past 12 months. Although these advances at times seem to be marginal, one only needs to compare colon and rectal surgery at this new century to the way it was practiced 100 years ago to realize how far we have come.
Characterizing treatment response of pancreatic tumor patient-derived xenografts in mice by Simultaneous Label-Free Autofluorescence Multi-Harmonic (SLAM) microscopy

Simultaneous label-free autofluorescence multi-harmonic (SLAM) microscopy images of treated and non-treated mice with xenografts derived from human pancreatic tumors were acquired and analyzed for evaluation of chemotherapeutic drug response.