cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect observation of low molecular weight heparin in the treatment of 30 patients with unstable angina pectoris

Objective:To investigate clinical efficacy of the low molecular weight heparin in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris.Methods:60 hospitalized patients with unstable angina from January 2006 to January 2009 in our hospital were collected,among them,36 cases were male and female 24 cases,aged 38 to 70 years,an average of 52.They were divided into treatment group and control group,each 30 cases.The patients of two groups were treated with strict bed rest,intensive care,and be of oral isosorbide dinitrate or static point of nitrates,as appropriate,plus with β-receptor blockers,calcium antagonists and converting enzyme inhibitors.The treatment group on the basis of conventional therapy for lowmolecular weight heparin calcium 5 000 IU,every 12 hours one time,abdominal subcutaneous for 7 days,the clinical efficacy of the two groups were observed and compared.Results:The efficacy of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group(P0.05).Use of low molecular weight heparin after treatment,the treatment group significantly reduced the frequency of angina pectoris,ECG,on the scope and extent of myocardial ischemia significantly reduced compared with those of the control group,there were significant differences(P0.05).Conclusion:The efficacy is good for low molecular weight heparin in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris.It's worthy of clinical use.
Time management skills: A checklist

Cet article propose un serie de questions que les bibliothecaires pourraient se poser pour mieux gerer leur temps de travail et donc etre plus productifs. En effet, les bibliothecaires sont souvent depasses par la quantite, la complexite du travail et par les responsabilites qui leur sont allouees. Ces questions sont directement liees a l'activite professionnelle du bibliothecaire
Exchange Measurements Above the Air-Sea Interface Using an Aircraft

Relative to measuring exchange rates on fixed platforms over land the measurement of fluxes over the open sea involves additional challenges including adequately handling platform motion and maintaining measurement systems in harsh environments. However, we are approaching an era where, given the advancements in instrument technology and processing speed, these sorts of measurements are becoming increasingly routine. Through a number of past experiments (see Smith et al. 1996 for a summary of recent studies) at fixed locations we have begun to quantify momentum, moisture and heat fluxes directly above the air-sea interface in a variety of conditions and have addressed the underlying physics responsible. A strength of these studies is their ability to measure over continuous periods allowing the assessment of temporal variabilities. Since ultimately a goal is to routinely monitor air-surface exchange on a global scale through remote sensing from spaceborne platforms, a logical progression has been to address how representative point measurements are to a region of the size, for example, of a large scale numerical model grid or of a satellite pixel (often of the order 103-105 km). An obvious candidate for assessing such representativeness is the aircraft, and although a number of investigators have measured fluxes within the atmospheric boundary layer (Lenshow 1972; Lenshow et al. 1980, 1981; Dejardins et al. 1982, 1989; Hacker, Schwerdtfeger 1988) using aircraft to probe the marine atmospheric surface layer is relatively new.
The Impact of Team-Based Learning (TBL) on Physician Assistant Students' Academic Performance in Gross Anatomy.

PURPOSE Changes in medical education have prevented students from conducting full cadaveric dissections in gross anatomy. The efficacy of alternative educational methods is being explored to augment traditional dissection. METHODS Team-based learning was integrated into the 2014 gross anatomy laboratory for physician assistants (PA) and nurse anesthetists. Deidentified data from the 2013 and 2014 courses were used to assess with t-tests the effect of this addition on student academic performance. RESULTS Students in the 2014 course who experienced team-based learning performed significantly better on 75% of written and laboratory practical examinations (P < .05). Those mean examination increases correlated with a positive shift in final grades. A greater benefit was noted for PA students than for nurse anesthetist students. CONCLUSIONS Team-based learning is an effective supplement to cadaveric dissection. Student short-term knowledge outcomes improve with the combination of dissection and team-based learning in the gross anatomy laboratory.
Quantification of the Lifecycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Nuclear Power Generation Systems

This paper statistically quantifies the lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from six distinct reactor-based (boiling water reactor (BWR), pressurized water reactor (PWR), light water reactor (LWR), heavy-water-moderated reactor (HWR), gas-cooled reactor (GCR), fast breeder reactor (FBR)) nuclear power generation systems by following a two-step approach that included (a) performing a review of the lifecycle assessment (LCA) studies on the reactor-based nuclear power generation systems; and (b) statistically evaluating the lifecycle GHG emissions (expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt hour, gCO2e/kWh) for each of the reactor-based nuclear power generation systems to assess the role of different types of nuclear reactors in the reduction of the lifecycle GHG emissions. Additionally, this study quantified the impacts of fuel enrichment methods (centrifuge, gaseous diffusion) on GHG emissions. The mean lifecycle GHG emissions resulting from the use of BWR (sample size, N = 15), PWR (N = 21), LWR (N = 7), HWR (N = 3), GCR (N = 1), and FBR (N = 2) in nuclear power generation systems are 14.52 gCO2e/kWh, 11.87 gCO2e/kWh, 20.5 gCO2e/kWh, 28.2 gCO2e/kWh, 8.35 gCO2e/kWh, and 6.26 gCO2e/kWh, respectively. The FBR nuclear power generation systems produced the minimum lifecycle GHGs. The centrifuge enrichment method produced lower GHG emissions than the gaseous diffusion enrichment method.
Excited-State Intramolecular Proton-Transfer Properties of Three Tris(N-Salicylideneaniline)-Based Chromophores with Extended Conjugation.

The synthesis and photophysical properties of three tris(N-salicylideneaniline) (TSA) compounds containing 1,3,5-triarylbenzene, -tristyrylbenzene, and -tris(arylethynyl)benzene core units are reported. The TSA compounds underwent efficient excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) in solution and in solid state due to the preformed C=N⋅⋅⋅H-O hydrogen-bonded motifs of the structures. Steady-state fluorescence emission spectra of the TSA molecules revealed dual bands only in DMSO, and large Stokes shifts in other polar aprotic and protic solvents. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopic measurements in THF revealed lifetime values in the range of 14-16 ps for the excited-state keto-tautomer. The TSA compounds are also responsive to metal ions (Cu2+ and Zn2+ ) in DMSO, exhibit enhanced aggregate-induced emission (AIE) properties in DMSO/water mixtures, and are highly luminescent in the solid state.
Extralegal Punishment Factors and Judges’ Normative Judgments of Moral Responsibility of bvFTD Patients

Darby, Edersheim, and Price's (2016) moral reason-responsiveness constructionist framework suggests that pragmatically considering how different moral and psychological deficits in individual behav...
Eruptive xanthogranuloma in a healthy adult male

Xanthogranuloma is a benign, non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis primarily diagnosed in infants and children, although a subset occurs in adults. Multifocal eruptive presentation of xanthogranuloma is very rare with only 4 previous cases reported in the literature to our knowledge. We describe a case of eruptive xanthogranuloma in a 49-year-old man who presented with sudden onset of numerous asymptomatic, red-yellow to orange papules on the face, scalp, axilla, flank and scrotum. Histologic features were consistent with xanthogranuloma with diffuse mixed infiltrate of foamy histiocytes, Touton giant cells and lymphocytes. Other than temporarily elevated non-fasting triglycerides, lab values have been unremarkable including serum plasma electrophoresis; however, the patient will continue to be monitored for ocular and other extracutaneous involvement and hematologic malignancies.
Accelerating the distributed simulations of agent-based models using community detection

The performance of parallel simulations of large agent-based models (ABMs) distributed across multiple CPUs is strongly dependent on the distribution of the agents among the processors. In this paper, we introduce an algorithm that uses community structure to distribute the agents among processors, thereby reducing the communication overhead. In particular, we compare three distribution schemes (initial-LPA, separate-LPA and integrated-LPA) for employing label propagation community detection (LPA) in the distributed simulations of self-organizing ABMs. In the novel third scheme, we provide completely seamless integration by exploiting the similar process flow patterns of LPA and ABMs. Using an example from computational epidemiology, we demonstrate that our algorithm accelerates the distributed simulation of ABMs on multiple processors up to eight times compared to a baseline distribution method.
The effect of oxidized phospholipids on phenotypic polarization and function of macrophages

Oxidized phospholipids are products of lipid oxidation that are found on oxidized low-density lipoproteins and apoptotic cell membranes. These biologically active lipids were shown to affect a variety of cell types and attributed pro-as well as anti-inflammatory effects. In particular, macrophages exposed to oxidized phospholipids drastically change their gene expression pattern and function. These ‘Mox,’macrophages were identified in atherosclerotic lesions, however, it remains unclear how lipid oxidation products are sensed by macrophages and how they influence their biological function. Here, we review recent developments in the field that provide insight into the structure, recognition, and downstream signaling of oxidized phospholipids in macrophages.
Aquatic Invertebrate Community Structure in Water-filled Bracts of Heliconia caribaea (Heliconiaceae) on Saba, West Indies

The aquatic invertebrate community living in the liquid-filled bracts of Heliconia caribaea (Heliconiaceae) inflorescences was studied on Saba, a small island in the northeastern Caribbean Sea, during October 2006. Invertebrates were collected by inverting inflorescences (n=52) to drain all of the liquid and its contents from the bracts into zip-lock plastic bags. All 52 inflorescences had invertebrates present in their bracts. Totals of 15,282 individuals and 20 taxa were collected from the H. caribaea inflorescences, and all 20 taxa were found only in water-filled bracts of this plant on Saba. Immature dipterans and ascid mites comprised the most abundant groups found. An average of 6.2 species and a confidence interval of 294±101 individuals for each inflorescence were calculated. Spearman’s rank order values indicated correlations between both the number of species and the population sizes and the volume of liquid in each inflorescence, findings that support the species-area aspect of island biogeography theory. The Mann-Whitney statistic indicated no significant differences in population sizes and species richness in collections made at different elevations. The Mann-Whitney statistic also indicated there were no significant differences in population sizes and species richness in collections made on the windward side of Saba compared with those from the leeward side of the island. Seventeen of the invertebrate taxa found living in the H. caribaea inflorescences are being reported from Saba for the first time. Key words: Antilles, elevation, leeward, phytotelmata, Saba, species-area relationship, windward.
The effect of the apneic period on the respiratory physiology of patients undergoing intubation in the ED.

Abstract Objectives We sought to examine the physiological impact the apneic period has on the respiratory physiology of patients undergoing intubation in the emergency department and whether DAO, the delivery of 15L oxygen by nasal cannula during apnea, can affect the development of respiratory acidosis. Methods This was a prospective observational cohort study conducted at an urban academic level 1 trauma center. A convenience sample of 100 patients was taken. Timed data collection forms were completed during the periintubation period. We report the mean ABG and end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) values between those with normal and prolonged apnea times (> 60 s) and between those who received DAO and those who did not. Results 100 patients met our inclusion criteria. There were no significant differences in the pre-RSI ABG values between those who received DAO and those who did not and between those with apnea times less than or > 60 s. Only in the group of patients with apnea times > 60 s did significant changes in respiratory physiology occur. DAO did not alter the trend in respiratory acidosis during the periintubation period. EtCO2 increased as apnea times were prolonged, and DAO altered this trend. Conclusions Post-RSI EtCO2 increased as apnea times were prolonged. DAO may alter this trend. Statistically significant changes in pH and PaCO2 (mean differences of 0.15 and 12.5, respectively) occurred in the group of patients who had mean apnea times of > 60 s but not in those with apnea times
An Integrated Movement Analysis Framework to Study Upper Limb Function: A Pilot Study

The functional capabilities of individuals with upper limb disabilities are assessed throughout rehabilitation and treatment regimens using functional outcome measures. For the upper limb amputee population, there are none which quantitatively take into account the quality of movement while an individual is performing tasks. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of an integrated movement analysis framework, based on motion capture and ground reaction force data, to capture quantitative information about how subjects complete a commonly used functional outcome measure, the Box and Blocks Test (BBT). In order to test the usefulness of the integrated movement analysis framework in capturing the quality of movements during task performance, a motion restriction was induced in able-bodied participants that reproduces some of the limitations imposed by conventional prosthetics. Each subject performed the BBT under normal conditions and also under the motion restriction condition. The motion capture and ground force plates captured movement that significantly differed between the two conditions, with the largest differences seen in shoulder motion, in the range of motions of head tilt and elbow flexion, and in the area of the center of pressure trajectory. These preliminary results show the feasibility of incorporating standardized, quantitative movement analysis into the assessment of function for those with an upper limb disability.
Patient Outcomes as a Function of Shoulder Surgeon Volume: A Systematic Review

Purpose To examine surgical complications, length of stay, surgical time, cost, revision rates, clinical outcomes, current surgical trends. and minimum number of cases in relationship to surgeon volume for shoulder arthroplasty and rotator cuff repair. Methods We performed a systematic review of studies using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. All studies that met inclusion criteria from January 1990 to January 2016 were included. Inclusion criteria included Level IV evidence or greater, contained specific surgeon volume, and were written in or translated into English. Exclusion criteria included non-English manuscripts, abstracts, and review papers. A written protocol was used to extract relevant data and evaluate study results. Data extracted included volume-specific data pertaining to length of stay, operating time, complications, and cost. Results A total of 10 studies were included. Seven studies evaluated arthroplasty with 88,740 shoulders, and 3 studies evaluated rotator cuff repair with 63,535 shoulders. Variation was seen in how studies defined low- versus high-volume surgeon. For arthroplasty, Conclusions Our systematic review demonstrates increased surgical complications, length of stay, surgical time, and surgical cost in shoulder arthroplasty and rotator cuff repair when performed by a low-volume shoulder surgeon, which is defined by those performing Level of Evidence Level III, systematic review of Level II and III studies.
Postmodern Applications Within Latino/a Cultures

Postmodern approaches, specifically those based on ideas from social constructionism such as narrative therapy and solution-focused therapy, are currently being used in a variety of contexts and wi...
Computational Sustainability: Editorial Introduction to the Summer and Fall Issues

Computational sustainability problems, which exist in dynamic environments with high amounts of uncertainty, provide a variety of unique challenges to artificial intelligence research and the opportunity for significant impact upon our collective future. This editorial introduction provides an overview of artificial intelligence for computational sustainability, and introduces the special issue articles that appear in this issue and the previous issue of AI Magazine.
Perceived Peer Behavior and Parental Support as Correlates of Marijuana Use: The Role of Age and Gender

Introduction: Parental support and perceptions of peer behavior on substance use are well-studied, but precisely how their associations vary as a function of age, and how those age-specific pattern...
Novel PNPLA1 mutations in two Italian siblings with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis.

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCI) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of non-syndromic ichthyoses due to mutations in at least 9 genes, including PNPLA1 (1). PNPLA1 (Patatin-Like Phospholipase Domain-Containing Protein 1) is strongly expressed in the epidermal granular cell layer (1), and has been recently shown to play a crucial role in epidermal ω-O-acylceramide biosynthesis and skin barrier integrity both in mice and humans (2-5). Concomitantly several ARCI families carrying PNPLA1 mutations have been described confirming that most mutations occur in the highly conserved patatin core domain (1, 5-10). We report the identification of two novel missense mutations in PNPLA1 in two Italian sisters affected with ARCI characterized by a cyclic disease course. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Developmental differences in focal adhesion kinase expression modulate pulmonary endothelial barrier function in response to inflammation

Compromised pulmonary endothelial cell (PEC) barrier function characterizes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a cause of substantial morbidity and mortality. Survival from ARDS is greater in children compared with adults. Whether developmental differences intrinsic to PEC barrier function contribute to this survival advantage remains unknown. To test the hypothesis that PEC barrier function is more well-preserved in neonatal lungs compared with adult lungs in response to inflammation, we induced lung injury in neonatal and adult mice with systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We assessed PEC barrier function in vivo and in vitro, evaluated changes in the expression of focal adhesion kinase 1 (FAK1) and phosphorylation in response to LPS, and determined the effect of FAK silencing and overexpression on PEC barrier function. We found that LPS induced a greater increase in lung permeability and PEC barrier disruption in the adult mice, despite similar degrees of inflammation and apoptosis. Although baseline expression was similar, LPS increased FAK1 expression in neonatal PEC but increased FAK1 phosphorylation and decreased FAK1 expression in adult PEC. Pharmacologic inhibition of FAK1 accentuated LPS-induced barrier disruption most in adult PEC. Finally, in response to LPS, FAK silencing markedly impaired neonatal PEC barrier function, whereas FAK overexpression preserved adult PEC barrier function. Thus, developmental differences in FAK expression during inflammatory injury serve to preserve neonatal pulmonary endothelial barrier function compared with that of adults and suggest that intrinsic differences in the immature versus pulmonary endothelium, especially relative to FAK1 phosphorylation, may contribute to the improved outcomes of children with ARDS.
Plurivaluationism, supersententialism and the problem of the many languages

According to the plurivaluationist, our vague discourse doesn’t have a single meaning. Instead, it has many meanings, each of which is precise—and it is this plurality of meanings that is the source of vagueness. I believe plurivaluationist positions are underdeveloped and for this reason unpopular. This paper attempts to correct this situation by offering a particular development of plurivaluationism that I call supersententialism. The supersententialist leverages lessons from another area of research—the Problem of the Many—in service of the plurivaluationist position. The Problem reveals theoretical reasons to accept that there are many cats where we thought there was one; the supersententialist claims that we are in a similar situation with respect to languages, propositions and sentences. I argue that the parallel suggested by the supersententialist reveals unappreciated advantages and lines of defense for plurivaluationism.
Levitation: The Science, Myth, and Magic of Suspension

Levitation is a light subject, as light at they come. Or so it seems. Derived from the Latin root ‘levis’, or ‘light’, the word itself suggests levity rather than gravity, both literally and figura...
Region-specific changes in markers of neuroplasticity revealed in HIV-1 transgenic rats by low-dose methamphetamine

Methamphetamine abuse co-occurring with HIV infection presents neuropathology in brain regions that mediate reward and motivation. A neuronal signaling cascade altered acutely by meth and some HIV-1 proteins is the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. It remains unknown if chronic co-exposure to meth and HIV-1 proteins converge on MAPK in vivo. To make this determination, we studied young adult Fischer 344 HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) and non-Tg rats that self-administered meth (0.02-0.04 mg/kg/0.05 ml iv infusion, 2 h/day for 21 days) and their saline-yoked controls. One day following the operant task, rats were killed. Brain regions involved in reward-motivation [i.e., nucleus accumbens (NA) and ventral pallidum (VP)], were assayed for a MAPK cascade protein, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and a downstream transcription factor, ΔFosB. In the NA, activated (phosphorylated; p) ERK-to-ERK ratio (pERK/ERK) was increased in meth-exposed Tg rats versus saline Tg controls, and versus meth non-Tg rats. ΔFosB was increased in meth Tg rats versus saline and meth non-Tg rats. Assessment of two targets of ΔFosB-regulated transcription revealed (1) increased dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) immunoreactivity in the NA shell of Tg-meth rats versus saline Tg controls, but (2) no changes in the AMPA receptor subunit, GluA2. No changes related to genotype or meth occurred for ERK, ΔFosB or D1R protein in the VP. Results reveal a region-specific activation of ERK, and increases in ΔFosB and D1R expression induced by HIV-1 proteins and meth. Such effects may contribute to the neuronal and behavioral pathology associated with meth/HIV comorbidity.
Community-Level Collaboration for Substance Abuse Prevention

This paper reviews the literature on the roles of community-wide collaboration in substance abuse prevention. Three broad strategies through which collaboration may have its effects are identified (i.e., building community capacity, increasing service integration, and influencing policy change). Alternative theories of effects, means of measurement, and results and conclusions from studies of collaborative interventions for prevention are discussed. The strength of empirical evidence for the impact of collaboration on substance abuse outcomes varies by strategy, with more support for the logic of policy change. Additional conclusions are offered regarding when and how this approach can work, and what might be useful next steps.
The Mission of the Business: Capturing the Strategic Transformation

The mission of the business integrates the diagnostic tasks of the previous two chapters – developing our customer segmentation strategy on the demand side and identifying the firm’s bundle of competencies on the supply side of the business – so we can capture and articulate the nature of the transformation we intend to pursue.
Smart Phones and Photovoice: Exploring Participant Lives with Photos of the Everyday

This chapter introduces photovoice methods as a dynamic approach to qualitative research in the Digital Humanities. With this method, photographs taken by participants to document their experiences are used both as data and as memory aids to prompt recollections during later interviews and focus groups, providing rich, narrative data. This chapter outlines how the photovoice method operates, offering practical advice for implementing this technique in research projects. We discuss both the strengths and weaknesses of this method, and explain our own research study on community engagement and service-learning to give readers a step-by-step guide to using photovoice in an informed and innovative way.
Experimental study of pore size distribution effect on phase transitions of hydrocarbons in nanoporous media

Abstract The phase behavior of a fluid in a nanoporous system is altered from that in the bulk due to confinement effects. There have been many experimental studies on this important effect, yet the vast majority are limited to porous media with a narrow or singular pore size distribution. However, natural porous media exhibit a broad pore size distribution. For example, in shale rocks the pore size ranges from several nanometers to hundreds of nanometers. It is not clear if a broad pore size distribution has a significant effect on the phase transition of nanoconfined fluids, and, if effects are present, how and why the phase behavior is altered. The effects of a distributed pore size on the bubble point of confined fluids as measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are not known. Here, we present an experimental study on the effect of pore size distribution on the liquid-vapor phase transition of n-hexane, n-octane and n-decane confined in nonporous media. We report a method to discretize the pore size distribution of natural shale rocks so that it can be mimicked using mixtures of synthetic nanoporous media. Using DSC, we show that the presence of a broad pore size distribution significantly alters the vapor-liquid phase transition of confined hydrocarbons. In fully saturated (i.e. filled) nanoporous media, the largest pore size dictates the onset of liquid-vapor phase transition (.i.e. bubblepoint). However, when the porous media is partially saturated, smaller pore sizes influence the bubblepoint. These findings suggest that there is a dependency of the confined fluid phase behavior on the fluid saturation in nanoporous media with a broad pore size distribution, which contributes to a broader understanding of phase transitions in natural porous media.
Aldol Condensation: A Stereoselective Approach to Tetrahydrophenanthrene Derivatives and 3-Oxa-bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-6-ones

Abstract Aldol condensation of the lithium enolate of 2 with m-methoxyphenylacetaldehyde afforded 3a and 3b with good erythro stereoselectivity (5:95). Acid catalyzed cyclization of 3a gave the tetrahydrophenanthrene 5 while 3b yielded the 3-oxobicyclononanones 6. A mechanism is discussed to account for the derived products and a detailed 1H NMR structural analysis of the [3.3.1] bicyclic systems is utilized to indirectly characterize the threo and erythro alcohols 3a and 3b .
Validation of the Pediatric Appendicitis Risk Calculator (pARC) in a Community Emergency Department Setting

Study objective The pediatric Appendicitis Risk Calculator (pARC) is a validated clinical tool for assessing a child's probability of appendicitis. Our objective was to assess the performance of the pARC in community emergency departments (EDs) and to compare its performance with that of the Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS). Methods We conducted a prospective validation study from October 1, 2016, to April 30, 2018, in 11 community EDs serving general populations. Patients aged 5 to 20.9 years and with a chief complaint of abdominal pain and less than or equal to 5 days of right-sided or diffuse abdominal pain were eligible for study enrollment. Our primary outcome was the presence or absence of appendicitis within 7 days of the index visit. We reported performance characteristics and secondary outcomes by pARC risk strata and compared the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves of the PAS and pARC. Results We enrolled 2,089 patients with a mean age of 12.4 years, 46% of whom were male patients. Appendicitis was confirmed in 353 patients (16.9%), of whom 55 (15.6%) had perforated appendixes. Fifty-four percent of patients had very low ( Conclusion The pARC accurately assessed appendicitis risk for children aged 5 years and older in community EDs and the pARC outperformed the PAS.
The Urogenital Triangle

The urogenital triangle is another complicated and relatively inaccessible region of the human body; it is difficult to dissect and perhaps even more difficult to explain (now more so than ever, for the 1998 revision of the Nomina Anatomica has abandoned the term urogenital diaphragm to describe a key structure in the urogenital triangle). We’ll start by taking a close look at the myofascial anatomy of the urogenital triangle, then review and amplify the developmental history of the urogenital sinus to explain sex differences in the region. The rest of the chapter will be devoted to a discussion of perineal spaces and fasciae relevant to clinical anatomy.
Two-Phase Convection Heat Transfer Correlations for Liquid Hydrogen Pipe Chilldown

Abstract Recently, heat transfer correlations based on liquid nitrogen (LN2) and liquid hydrogen (LH2) pipe quenching data were developed to improve the predictive accuracy of lumped node codes like SINDA/FLUINT and the Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program (GFSSP). After implementing these correlations into both programs, updated model runs showed strong improvement in LN2 pipe chilldown modeling but only modest improvement in LH2 chilldown modeling. Due to large differences in thermal and fluid properties between the two fluids, results indicated a need to develop a separate set of LH2-only correlations to improve the accuracy of the simulations. This paper presents a new set of two-phase convection heat transfer correlations based on LH2 pipe quenching data. A correlation to predict the bulk vapor temperature was developed after analysis showed that large departures from thermal equilibrium between the liquid and vapor phases occurred during film boiling of LH2. Implemented in a numerical model, the new correlations achieve a mean absolute error of 19.5 K in the predicted wall temperature when compared to recent LH2 pipe chilldown data—an improvement of 40% over recent GFSSP predictions. This set of correlations can be implemented in simulations of the transient LH2 chilldown process. Such simulations are useful for predicting the chilldown time and boil-off mass of LH2 for applications such as the transfer of LH2 from a ground storage tank to the rocket vehicle propellant tank, or through a rocket engine feedline during engine startup.
Ethnic diversity and social welfare provision in non-democracies: Evidence from China:

A large body of literature suggests that ethnic diversity matters to social welfare provision in democracies by lowering the demand for public projects, but it does not look at the impact of ethnic...
Omega Approaches to Persuasion : Overcoming Resistance

Ambivalence about decision alternatives implies that there are two separate ways to persuade people to accept an alternative. One set of persuasion strategies attempts to increase the attractive features of the alternative; the second set attempts to decrease the negative features of the alternative. The distinction between alpha and omega strategies for persuasion is more than a heuristic categorization of persuasion strategies. The approach–avoidance model of persuasion compels the conclusion that resistance is the key element in the persuasion process. Prior research has identified three basic sources for resistance that impede persuasion, compliance, and change. These are resistance to the influence attempt, also known as “reactance”, resistance to the proposal, also known as “skepticism”, and resistance to change, also known as “inertia.” The source of resistance to the influence lies in the actions of the agent promoting the change. Reactance is created by the influence attempt.
Risk Management for 4-H Youth Development Work: Pre-event Planning Guide and Matrix

This is the first publication in the Risk Management for 4-H Youth Development Work series. This series is intended to prepare UF/IFAS Extension county faculty, staff, volunteers, and youth for the important task of providing best practices in risk management strategies. This 5-page fact sheet discusses the matrix, levels of risk, probability that something will go wrong, modifications to the event or activity, and post-event assessment. Written by Dale Pracht, Paula Davis, Stefanie Prevatt, Janet Psikogios, Marilyn Norman, Kate Fogarty, and Jean Hink, and published by the UF/IFAS 4-H Youth Development Department, revised March 2018. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/4h299
Pathology and epidemiology of adult viral diarrhea in some adult population of Beijing

病毒腹泻的病原主要包括轮状病毒(RV)、诺如病毒(NV)、扎如病毒(SV)、星状病毒(AstV)和肠道腺病毒(AdV),而NV和SV分别为杯状病毒科的两个属,主要感染人类,合称为人类杯状病毒(HuCV).近年来国内外关于引起婴幼儿腹泻的各种病毒病原的研究较多[1-4],而对成年人的研究报道较少,并多集中于单一病毒病原的研究。
The additional yield of lateral radiographs of lower extremity joints in identifying fractures in skeletal surveys.

Background: Despite the importance of skeletal surveys in the evaluation of inflicted injury in children <2 years of age, wide variability exists in imaging protocols nationwide. Objective: We sought to evaluate whether the addition of lateral joint radiographs increases the diagnostic yield in skeletal surveys for suspected child abuse. Methods: We retrospectively identified skeletal surveys performed to evaluate suspected non-accidental trauma (NAT) among children 2 years and younger from November 1, 2014 to October …
The nuts and bolts of quality assurance in Ethiopian higher education: practices, pitfalls, and prospects

This study was conducted to examine the practices, challenges, and prospects of using accreditation, external quality audit, and internal quality assurance as major components of the quality assura...
Volunteers as Shapers of their Work: Job Crafting in Satisfaction and Organizational Identification

Volunteer satisfaction is a significant concern because volunteers tend to “vote with their feet” and leave nonprofit organizations when they are dissatisfied. Volunteer management predominantly fo...
Boundary Control Applications

In this chapter, we present boundary control strategies for reducing vibration in three different engineering applications of flexible mechanical systems. Two of these applications will share the interesting characteristic of having flexible and rigid subsystems, which leads to hybrid dynamic models containing coupled PDEs and ODEs. The design of boundary controllers and the closed-loop stability analysis will be built upon the arguments set forth in Chapters 5 and 6.
The Effects of Site Quality on Breeding-Site Fidelity in Bobolinks

Grâce a une experience de manipulation du succes de producteur, les effets de ce dernier sur la fidelite au site de reproduction sont examines. De plus l'importance relative de la mortalite et de la dispersion est evaluee en ce qui concerne les patterns de la fidelite au note chez Dolichonyx oryzivorus
Prolapse of the umbilical cord. A study of 117 cases.

Abstract The complication of prolapse of the umbilical cord has been studied on the basis of 117 cases occurring in 30,244 deliveries at Ohio State University Hospital. All cases of prolapse have one etiologic feature in common, namely, that the presenting part does not adequately fill the pelvis. Many aspects demonstrate this point. The risk of prolapse is 3.2 per cent in breech presentations, and two thirds of these breech presentations are of the footling variety. Time was the most important factor in producing our “salvageable” mortality of 16.8 per cent. Routine vaginal examination with rupture of the membranes most quickly diagnosed the complication. Using the policy of intelligent urgency, one third of all the infants were delivered within 10 minutes and two thirds of the infants were delivered within 20 minutes of the time of diagnosis.
Ein- und Zweikammer-ICD: Sind die Unterschiede zum Schrittmacher in Implantation und Nachsorge heutzutage noch bedeutsam?

Due to bulky generator size, abdominal pocket preparation and epicardial defibrillator lead placement, cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation was initially an extensive surgical intervention, which had to be performed in the operating room by cardiac surgeons under general anesthesia. The development of transvenously applicable endocardial defibrillator leads rendered thoracotomy unnecessary. The decrease in generator size enabled pectoral implantation. As a consequence of the simplified surgical procedure, implantation by cardiologists or electrophysiologists in the catheterization laboratory under local anesthesia and brief deep sedation with preserved spontaneous respiration was made possible. As a result, the implantation techniques of ICDs and pacemakers are converging. The present article illustrates the still existing significant differences between ICD and pacemaker treatment with regard to implantation and follow-up.
SERVCESS: A Parsimonious Instrument to Measure Service Quality and Information System Success

﻿A model is proposed that demonstrates how information service quality is associated with success. In order to compare information service quality to other variables believed to affect its success, SERVCESS, an instrument based on elements of SERVQUAL, ..
Outcomes of Living and Deceased Donor Liver Transplant Recipients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Results of the A2ALL Cohort

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents an increasing fraction of liver transplant indications; the role of living donor liver transplant (LDLT) remains unclear. In the Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study, patients with HCC and an LDLT or deceased donor liver transplant (DDLT) for which at least one potential living donor had been evaluated were compared for recurrence and posttransplant mortality rates. Mortality from date of evaluation of each recipient's first potential living donor was also analyzed. Unadjusted 5-year HCC recurrence was significantly higher after LDLT (38%) than DDLT (11%), (p = 0.0004). After adjustment for tumor characteristics, HCC recurrence remained significantly different between LDLT and DDLT recipients (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.35; p = 0.04) for the overall cohort but not for recipients transplanted following the introduction of MELD prioritization. Five-year posttransplant survival was similar in LDLT and DDLT recipients from time of transplant (HR = 1.32; p = 0.27) and from date of LDLT evaluation (HR = 0.73; p = 0.36). We conclude that the higher recurrence observed after LDLT is likely due to differences in tumor characteristics, pretransplant HCC management and waiting time.
From Fantastic to Familiar: Jan Potocki's Manuscript Found in Saragossa

Accounts of the development of the novel, whether from commentators in the 18th and 19th centuries or scholars working today, have tended to describe it using two, often overlapping, binaries: the ...
A noise insensitive high speed versatile operational amplifier library cell

Probably the most important building block in a mixed-signal system is the operational amplifier. Power consumption is the critical performance characteristic in fast op-amp design. Low power supplies have become dominant in modern mixed-signal VLSI systems. Unlike CMOS digital modules, which are functionally insensitive to power supply variations, traditional analog cells not only fail to perform and achieve the expected performance characteristics but also may become totally non-functional. This fact, together with the requirement of high density mixed analog-digital VLSI systems by the commercial microelectronic industry, urges the research into new analog architectures capable of achieving high performance characteristics in exceedingly noisy environments, where the presence of digital circuitry is abandoned. Furthermore, modularity and easy implementation is another crucial factor that can drastically reduce a product's overall development time and determine its commercial and financial success or failure. For such reasons, power supply insensitive, self-biasing architectures are highly advantageous, successfully limiting the design, layout and routing effort and ruling the economic prosperity of the product.
A new protocol to accurately determine microtubule lattice seam location.

Microtubules (MTs) are cylindrical polymers of αβ-tubulin that display pseudo-helical symmetry due to the presence of a lattice seam of heterologous lateral contacts. The structural similarity between α- and β-tubulin makes it difficult to computationally distinguish them in the noisy cryo-EM images, unless a marker protein for the tubulin dimer, such as kinesin motor domain, is present. We have developed a new data processing protocol that can accurately determine αβ-tubulin register and seam location for MT segments. Our strategy can deal with difficult situations, where the marker protein is relatively small or the decoration of marker protein is sparse. Using this new seam-search protocol, combined with movie processing for data from a direct electron detection camera, we were able to determine the cryo-EM structures of MT at 3.5 A resolution in different functional states. The successful distinction of α- and β-tubulin allowed us to visualize the nucleotide state at the E-site and the configuration of lateral contacts at the seam.
Drug Information Technology and Internet Resources

The Internet poses many challenges and opportunities for pharmacists. This article discusses what is needed to access the Internet, including hardware and software. Afterwards, a discussion of the various capabilities that pharmacists can take advantage of and integrate into their practice philosophy is presented. Specific items covered include web searching, web site establishment, electronic mail, USENET News, collaboration software, listservers, and push technology. Furthermore, some likely future areas for pharmacists to evaluate are discussed.
THE ISLAND MODEL WITH STOCHASTIC MIGRATION

The island model with stochastically variable migration rate and immigrant gene frequency is investigated. It is supposed that the migration rate and the immigrant gene frequency are independent of each other in each generation, and each of them is independently and identically distributed in every generation. The treatment is confined to a single diallelic locus without mutation. If the diploid population is infinite, selection is absent and the immigrant gene frequency is fixed, then the gene frequency on the island converges to the immigrant frequency, and the logarithm of the absolute value of its deviation from it is asymptotically normally distributed. Assuming only neutrality, the evolution of the exact mean and variance of the gene frequency are derived for an island with finite population. Selection is included in the diffusion approximation: if all evolutionary forces have comparable roles, the gene frequency will be normally distributed at all times. All results in the paper are completely explicit.
Symmetry, Ordering, and Arranging

Publisher Summary Symmetry obsessions and ordering and arranging compulsions are common among individuals with OCD. This chapter reviews the two primary forms of treatments for OCD and their theoretical bases to provide a context for interpreting data on the efficacy of such treatments for symmetry, ordering, and arranging. Cognitive–behavioral therapy for OCD includes numerous related treatment procedures that vary in the extent to which they emphasize behavioral techniques, cognitive techniques, and their integration. By far, the most widely utilized and studied approach is exposure and response prevention (ERP), which seeks to weaken associations between obsessional thoughts and anxiety and between ritualistic behaviors and anxiety reduction. As implied by their names, the two core components of the intervention are: (1) systematic confrontation with fear-evoking situations and stimuli and (2) abstinence from compulsive rituals that serve to immediately reduce obsessional anxiety. Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of OCD primarily utilize serotonin reuptake inhibitors, although monoamine oxidase inhibitors, neuroleptics, and other medications are sometimes used adjunctively.
Symbiosis and the Regulation of Communities1

Abstract Ecologists have long been interested in factors that control the structure of communities and the relative importance of top-down effects of predators versus bottom-up effects of resources. There is a growing body of evidence that microbial symbioses are important determinants of plant community structure and indirectly affect herbivore and predator trophic levels. Studies with mycorrhizal fungi, N-fixing bacteria and endophytes of grasses have demonstrated that they can affect competition, coexistence, soil nutrient dynamics and plant-herbivore interactions. Long-term field experiments with one grass/endophyte interaction suggest that grassland community structure is determined by the fungus. While total plant productivity of experimental plots was similar, the composition of the vegetation was altered by endophyte symbiosis. The host grass tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) dominated plots when infected while other grasses greatly increased in uninfected plots. Indirect evidence suggests that ch...
Demonstration of a Surface Difference between Virions of Two Strains of Herpes Simplex Virus.

Abstract A herpes simplex virus strain (MP) that causes the formation of polykaryocytes and a strain (mP) that causes rounding and clumping of cells were studied in a variety of tests designed to reveal differences in surface structure and composition of the virions. It was found that the patterns of elution from calcium phosphate gel are distinctive for each variant. Neutralization studies (multiplicity analysis) with anti-mP and anti-MP hyperimmune rabbit antisera revealed that the variants are antigenically closely related but not identical. However, no differences could be detected in kinetic or multiplicity analyses of inactivation by ethyl ether, chloroform, or urea. It is concluded that the mP and MP virions differ in surface structure and composition of the capsid or of the envelope. This variation in the envelope or the capsid may account for the difference in the apparent buoyant density between mP and MP virions reported in a previous communication. The possible relationship between the composition of the viral proteins or lipids and effects of the respective viruses on cells is discussed.
The oxygen consumption of healing gingiva.

information regarding the details of gingival repair following gingivectomy. The demonstration of the applicability of the Warburg technic8 for the determination of the oxygen consumption of normal and inflamed gingiva suggested an additional approach to the subject of gingival repair. A correlated study of oxygen consumption and histological changes in the course of gingival healing was undertaken, therefore, in an effort to augment existing knowledge by revealing an additional aspect of the gingival repair process.