cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Review: George Washington’s Eye: Landscape, Architecture, and Design at Mount Vernon by Joseph Manca

Joseph Manca George Washington’s Eye: Landscape, Architecture, and Design at Mount Vernon Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012, 344 pages, 32 color and 150 b/w illus. $49.95 (cloth), ISBN 9781421404325 In contrast to the prominence its most famous resident holds in American history, Mount Vernon occupies a peripheral position in the nation’s architectural heritage. The product of two extensive renovations (ca. 1757 and ca. 1773) expanding a house originally built in the early 1740s, Mount Vernon owes just enough of its design to make comparisons with Neo-Palladianism tempting were it not for the many aberrations that prohibit its consideration alongside such canonical examples as Drayton Hall in Charleston, South Carolina (1742), and Mount Airy in Virginia (1764). Such elements as its off-center cupola and asymmetrically disposed windows have been assumed to be unintentional consequences of George Washington’s contributions to the project as a historically important but architecturally minor “gentleman-amateur.” Typically judged to have been far less successful in his adoption of academic planning strategies than his more celebrated peers (notably Thomas Jefferson), Washington and his house make rare (and sometimes unflattering) appearances in principal works on American architectural history, with most historians making no mention of them at all (although they all include Monticello).1 At best, the house—especially the apparent “disarming irregularities and indecisions”—has served as a foil for later twentieth-century architects2 or as a case study for the historic preservation movement.3 Never portrayed as a full-fledged architect, Washington is typically described as a patron only, and not a “splendid” one at that.4 In both its breadth and depth, George Washington’s Eye: Landscape, Architecture, and Design at Mount Vernon challenges the assumptions that have prompted this scholarly exclusion. Neither clumsy patron nor unschooled amateur, Washington emerges as a thoughtful designer within a study that complicates and enriches our understanding of what it meant to be an architect in eighteenth-century America. More than an incompetent exercise of Anglo-Palladian ideas, the house is a scrupulously determined extension of …
Predicting Recidivism Among Internet Child Sex Sting Offenders Using Psychological Language Analysis.

Abstract In this study, we examined the extent to which computerized linguistic analysis of natural language data from chat transcripts of Internet child sex stings predicted recidivism among 334 convicted offenders. Using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) program, we found that reoffenders (including simultaneous and previous offenders) differed significantly from nonreoffenders in measures of clout (a composite measure of social dominance) and percentage of words used in the following linguistic categories: cognitive processes, personal pronoun use, insight, time, and ingestion. In contrast, total word count and percentage of sexual words, two categories that might be assumed to be predictive of recidivism, were not significantly different between these two groups. These analyses help to develop a typology for an Internet sex reoffender as one who is dominant, nonequivocating, and likely to discuss meeting with their target and/or parents' schedules. Moreover, they highlight the importance of...
Variational Calculus on Lie Groups

The calculus of variations is concerned with finding extremal paths of functionals in analogy with the way that classical calculus seeks to find critical points of functions. Variational calculus plays a central role in classical mechanics, connecting the “Principle of Least Action” and Lagrange’s equations of motion (also called the Euler– Lagrange equations). In that setting, generalized coordinates are introduced to describe the geometric configuration of a mechanical system. In this chapter, classical variational calculus is reviewed and extended to describe systems on Lie groups. Of course, the introduction of coordinates such as Euler angles to describe the orientation of a rigid body can be used to formulate classical variational problems at the expense of introducing singularities. However, it is possible to formulate variational problems on Lie groups without coordinates. This results in the Euler’Poincare equations.
RNA POLYMERASE II OF Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT. A second form of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase has been isolated and partially characterized. This new form, RNA polymerase II, like RNA polymerase I, contains the α and s subunits and the σ factor. The α subunits of polymerase II are slightly smaller than those of polymerase I. Another difference is that the holo or core enzyme of polymerase II has an extra polypeptide of about 50,000 dal-tons which is absent in polymerase I. RNA polymerase II (like I) is sensitive to rifampicin, but resistant when isolated from rifampicin resistant cells. The template and metal ion cofactor requirements of the two forms of this enzyme are different. RNA polymerase II uses Mn ++ ion much better than Mg ++ ion as a cofactor, and poly dAT is by far the best template for this enzyme. Polymerase II is almost inactive in transcribing natural DNA templates. However, it apparently binds to some of those templates because it has a repressor-like in vitro effect. It inhibits the transcription of T4 DNA, but not T7 DNA, by RNA polymerase I. This might reflect an in vivo regulatory role on transcription by RNA polymerase II. It occurs in late log-stationary phase cells, but apparently not in actively growing cells.
Anesthesia and Pain Management in Geriatric Fractures

Orthopedic injuries requiring surgical intervention are common in the elderly population. A variety of anesthetic techniques can be safely and effectively utilized to prepare the patient for surgical intervention and to provide continued perioperative pain relief. Choosing a patient-specific anesthetic plan for intraoperative care, as well as its extension to postoperative analgesia, is a key component to a smooth recovery. General and regional anesthetic techniques as well as multimodal analgesia are all important tools in promoting the process of healing and rehabilitation from surgical repairs of traumatic orthopedic injuries. All healthcare providers, especially those working in anesthesiology and orthopedic surgery, should be well versed in the specific considerations pertaining to the geriatric population in order to provide selective modifications to their standard of practice. Older patients, especially those with comorbid conditions, are at higher risk for morbidity and mortality from undergoing anesthesia. This risk is concurrent and additive to the risk of the surgical procedure alone. This is in part due to the natural aging process, which results in a reduction of physiological functional reserve and increased sensitivity to administered anesthetic drugs. The normal functions of multiple organ systems including cardiovascular, pulmonary, autonomic, renal, hepatic, and central nervous systems are all affected by aging. The role of the anesthesiologist is crucial, as he/she has to thoroughly and efficiently evaluate the patient’s history and formulate a suitable and complete anesthetic plan unique to each case. It is well known that regional anesthesia techniques such as peripheral nerve blocks provide anatomically targeted anesthesia and analgesia with limited alterations to systemic physiology. The application of regional anesthesia is especially fitting in the care of elderly patients with orthopedic fractures requiring surgical intervention. To this end, utilization of regional anesthesia allows for simultaneous achievement of optimal surgical conditions and prolonged analgesia with minimal deleterious side effects to the patient. The advent of real-time ultrasound guidance has led to increased accuracy in identification of targeted nerves and decreased potential for complications such as inadvertent vascular punctures. This has led to a resurgence of interest and training in the field of regional anesthesia with the hope of widespread application and positive impact on patient outcomes.
Current Management of Splenic Injuries: Who Needs a Splenectomy?

This is a review of the current indications for splenectomy for trauma. As the role of interventional radiology and the acceptance of non-operative strategies gain wider acceptance, the role of splenectomy is decreasing. There continues to be questions on how far the role of non-operative management can be pushed and at what cost. Alternatively, that risk must be weighed against the long and short term consequences of a splenectomy. Emergent surgical exploration of the abdomen is indicated for hemodynamically unstable trauma patients and patients with peritonitis from an associated injury. All other patients can be considered for non-operative management with various adjuncts to maximize effectiveness.
Treatment of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is an advanced stage of diabetic microangiopathy in which extensive retinal capillary occlusion results in the growth of preretinal fibrovascular tissue. The pathogenesis is not well understood. Underlying pathophysiologic changes in diabetic retinopathy include abnormal shunting of glucose via the aldose reductase pathway, formation of advanced glycation end-products, activation of protein kinase-C beta isoform, induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), oxidative damage, and inflammation.1–5 Pathological anatomic changes evolve with abnormal thickening of capillary basement membrane, loss of pericytes, breakdown of the blood–retinal barrier, changes in microvascular caliber, microaneurysm formation, endothelial cell loss associated with capillary occlusion, and neovascularization within the retina (intraretinal microvascular abnormalities) and in the preretinal space with varying degrees of preretinal fibrosis. PDR may cause loss of vision from edema, ischemia, intraocular hemorrhage, premacular membranes, vitreomacular traction, traction retinal detachment, traction–rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and neovascular glaucoma.6
Study Guide: What Great Teachers Do Differently: 17 Things That Matter Most

Written to accompany the second edition of Todd Whitaker's best-selling title, What Great Teachers Do Differently, this study guide can be used by facilitators and participants in seminars, book study groups, or other professional development events. The variety of activities and strategies in this book will help teachers engage in critical thinking, collaboration, and professional growth. Each chapter includes: Key Concepts Discussion Questions Journal Prompts Group Activities Application Strategies The Study Guide not only improves your understanding and appreciation of What Great Teachers Do Differently, but also assists professional growth for teachers and principals at the K-12 levels.
Restrictions on Short-Term Capital Inflows and the Response of Direct Investment

Capital controls remain a common approach to capital flows management. Meanwhile, the IMF has revised its position regarding selective use capital controls. However, the effects of granular variation in capital controls by asset category and direction of flow are not fully documented. Using a new dataset on capital control measures, I find that countries using capital controls on short-term capital inflows receive a higher level of direct investment inflows, and that this effect is decreasing in the country’s growth rate. I show that this result is consistent with the interpretation that the capital control serves as a signal of stability in slower-growing countries.
Career Expectations and Preferences of Urology Residency Applicants.

Abstract Objective To survey the characteristics, career goals, and practice preferences of current urology applicants. Methods An anonymous survey was emailed to applicants pursuing a residency position at the University of Florida for the 2017-2018 academic year Urology Match. The survey included questions on demographics, motivating factors to pursue urology, plans for fellowship training, and anticipated and desired practice patterns. Results A total of 151 of 295 applicants completed the survey, mean age 26.9± SD 2.3. Males had a higher interest in academics/research, cancer, men's health, and minimally invasive surgery technology. Females had a higher interest in public health, surgery, and mixture of surgical and medical management. A total of 64.1% planned on completing a fellowship. Males had a higher interest in urologic oncology and endourology. Females had a higher interest in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery, andrology and sexual medicine, and pediatric urology. A total of 76.9% anticipated having an academic affiliation, 68.9% working in an urban setting, and 98% working full-time, with no difference based on gender. For desired quality of life after residency, maximum number of hours considered acceptable was 51-60 (36.4%) and 61-70 (35.1%). Regarding an acceptable call schedule, most considered 2-4 nights per month reasonable. Most felt an acceptable starting salary was $250,000-$400,000 and $200,001-$350,000 for private practice and academic urology, respectively. Conclusion Current urology applicants desire to work in academics, urban settings, and pursue subspecialty fellowship training. What they consider acceptable work hours, call schedule, and financial compensation appear compatible with the current practice of urology.
Dying for clear skin: a health-belief-model-informed content analysis of acne sufferers’ beliefs toward isotretinoin on message boards

Background: People are increasingly turning to online communities, such as message boards, for health decision making. Isotretinoin (Accutane), an acne medication, was one of the most discussed mes...
Is Data Collection through Twitter Streaming API Useful for Academic Research

In this paper we study the reliability of Twitter data collection when Streaming API with filtering is used. For this purpose, we designed a series of experiments that use the free version of Twitter Streaming API. We ran our experiments between June 24 and July 15, 2018, using soccer terms for filtering, due to the popularity of FIFA World Cup competition that was held at that time. Our experiments showed that when filtering is used for terms that are not very popular, then all the matching Tweets are likely provided by Twitter; in this case, analyzing those Tweets will provide reliable results for research purposes. Also, we concluded that concurrent processes that collect filtering Tweets for very popular terms tend to return almost the same Tweets, even if the obtained Tweet set is only a sample of all possible keyword-matching Tweets. We believe that the sampling in the filtering process is deterministic and using the Tweets collected for very popular filtering terms may lead to biased results due to this non-random sampling process.
Parallels between antibody-mediated rejection and ischemic kidney injury with respect to B cell activation.

The traditionally understood pathological roles of B cells in organ transplant injury include their differentiation to antibody secreting cells and their function as antigen presenting cells (1,2). However, Cippa and colleagues suggest that the B cell response to dysfunctional tissue repair reflects a common pathway of kidney injury shared by ischemia/reperfusion injury and transplantation (3).
Genetic correlations between lean growth and litter traits in U.S. Yorkshire, Duroc, Hampshire, and Landrace pigs.

The objective of this study was to estimate breed-specific genetic correlations between lean growth and litter traits for four U.S. swine breeds. Records for lean growth and litter traits on Yorkshire, Duroc, Hampshire, and Landrace pigs collected between 1990 and April 2000 in herds on the National Swine Registry Swine Testing and Genetic Evaluation System were analyzed. A bivariate animal model and restricted maximum likelihood procedures were used to estimate genetic and environmental correlations between lean growth rate, days to 113.5 kg, backfat, and loin muscle area with litter traits of number born alive, litter weight at 21 d, and number weaned. Most genetic correlation estimates between lean growth and litter traits were small in magnitude and consistent across breeds. Backfat had the largest within-breed genetic correlations with number born alive (0.18 to 0.20) and litter weight at 21 d (-0.27 to -0.30). Estimates of genetic correlations between lean growth traits and number weaned were very small. Estimates of the environmental correlations between lean growth and litter traits also were very small for all traits and for all four breeds. Results indicate that selection for lean growth traits could have a long-term effect on litter traits. Including lean growth traits in a maternal-line evaluation using a multiple-trait model could increase the accuracy of the genetic evaluation for litter traits.
Resection of Noncommunicating Rudimentary Uterine Horn

Video Objective Learn the preoperative investigation and retroperitoneal dissection required for safe surgical resection of a rudimentary uterine horn associated with unicornuate uterus. Setting 19 year old female with increasing right gluteal pain subsequently found to have a cavitary rudimentary uterine horn with concomitant renal anomaly. Interventions Robotic assisted laparoscopic dissection of retroperitoneal spaces and resection of rudimentary uterine horn. Conclusion Unicornuate uterus can be associated with rudimentary uterine horns and renal anomalies. A surgical approach which incorporates retroperitoneal dissection is necessary for safe resection of rudimentary uterine horn.
Sobre el donjuanismo de don Álvaro, del Duque de Rivas, en constante referencia a Félix de Montemar

Rivas has configured Don Alvaro as an investment in the literary type of Don Juan, inaugurated by Tirso and taken to its fullest expression by Espronceda in El estudiante de Salamanca. The contrast between Don Alvaro and Don Felix shows the former as an involuntary donjuan but, anyway, an element that is equally subversive against the social and moral order of the ancient regime. In its rigid canons the causes of the destruction of the indiano must be sought.
Cycle-Free FPGA Routing Graphs

Accurate timing characterization of FPGA routing resources, i.e. wires and switches, is critical to achieving high quality of results from FPGA routing tools. Although the composition and connectivity of the routing resources are easily extracted from an FPGA's architecture, post-layout timing characterization of the FPGA's wires and switches (NOT the design being mapped onto the FPGA) with EDA tools is a challenging task due to the large quantity of combinational loops (cycles in the routing graph). Likewise, the use of EDA tools is severely limited when constructing new FPGA architectures. This work addresses the challenge by proposing an algorithm to construct cycle-free FPGA routing graphs. A cycle-free FPGA routing graph is achieved by logically ordering wires and intelligently removing or rearranging a small fraction of the switch block connections in order to break cycles. The proposed approach enables constraining the timing of all routing resources, which is otherwise impossible due to the combinational loops. This technique can be applied to post-layout static timing analysis (STA) of existing FPGAs, significantly reducing the complexity and improving the accuracy of the analysis. In addition, this cycle-free approach can be adopted when designing new FPGAs, transforming costly hand layout into an automated step compatible with commercial ASIC EDA tools.
Effects of a Sexual Health Interview among Arab American Women: An Experimental Disclosure Study

Although sexuality is an important aspect of peoples’ health and well-being, many people—professionals and patients alike—find sexuality uncomfortable to discuss. In Arab culture, certain sexual thoughts and behaviors are taboo, particularly for women, and it is not known whether an interview in which Arab American women disclose their sexuality to a health professional would be well-received and beneficial or upsetting and harmful. This experimental study tested whether engaging in a disclosure-oriented sexual health interview affects Arab American women’s sexual and psychological health. A sample of 134 Arab American women, ages 18–35 years (M = 20.6), completed self-report measures of sexual health and attitudes and psychological symptoms, and then were randomized to an interview or control (waitlist) condition. The 60-min disclosure interview inquired about sexual attitudes, experiences, and conflicts. Five weeks later, all participants completed follow-up measures. Post-interview reports suggest that participants responded favorably to the interview and generally benefited from participation. Analyses of covariance (controlling for baseline levels of the outcome measure) indicated that the interview led to significantly greater sexual satisfaction and less discomfort with sexual self-disclosure at 5-week follow-up, compared to controls; the two conditions did not differ on follow-up sexual self-schema, sexual self-esteem, or psychological symptoms. Moderation analyses revealed that participation in the interview differentially improved the sexual self-schema of women with no past sexual experience, compared to women with sexual experience. These experimental findings suggest the value, rather than the risk, of clinicians encouraging Arab American women to openly disclose and discuss their sexual experiences and attitudes in a confidential, empathic setting.
Starting Flow by Pitch Acceleration of Flat-Plate Foil

This paper presents the investigation of the starting flow in association with pitch acceleration using transient laminar-flow computation and an unsteady inviscid-flow theory. A thin flat-plate fo...
The Eternal Feast: Banqueting in Chinese Art from the 10th to the 14th Century: By Zoe S. Kwok. New Haven and London: Princeton University Art Museum. Distributed by Yale University Press, 2019. 196 pp. $50.00 hardcover.

The Eternal Feast is the outcome of a successful exhibition that was held at the Princeton University Art Museum from Saturday, October 19, 2019 – Sunday, February 16, 2020. The event was curated b...
“Up for it” or “asking for it”? Violence against women in the age of postfeminism:

Postfeminist young women are encouraged to “embrace” their sexuality by sexualizing their bodies as a means of empowerment. In stark contrast, dominant understandings of violence identify these sam...
Photorelease of a metal-binding pharmacophore from a Ru(II) polypyridine complex

The adoption of compounds that target metalloenzymes comprises a relatively low (<5%) percentage of all FDA approved therapeutics. Metalloenzyme inhibitors typically coordinate to the active site metal ions and therefore contain ligands with charged or highly polar functional groups. While these groups may generate highly water-soluble compounds, this functionalization can also limit their pharmacological properties. To overcome this drawback, drug candidates can be formulated as prodrugs. While a variety of protecting groups have been developed, increasing efforts have been devoted towards the use of caging groups that can be removed upon exposure to light to provide spatial and temporal control over the treatment. Among these, the application of Ru(ii) polypyridine complexes is receiving increased attention based on their attractive biological and photophysical properties. Herein, a conjugate consisting of a metalloenzyme inhibitor and a Ru(ii) polypyridine complex as a photo-cage is presented. The conjugate was designed using density functional theory calculations and docking studies. The conjugate is stable in an aqueous solution, but irradiation of the complex with 450 nm light releases the inhibitor within several minutes. As a model system, the biochemical properties were investigated against the endonucleolytic active site of the influenza virus. While showing no inhibition in the dark in an in vitro assay, the conjugate generated inhibition upon light exposure at 450 nm, demonstrating the ability to liberate the metalloenzyme inhibitor. The presented inhibitor-Ru(ii) polypyridine conjugate is an example of computationally-guided drug design for light-activated drug release and may help reveal new avenues for the prodrugging of metalloenzyme inhibitors.
Characterization of Gene Therapy Associated Uveitis Following Intravitreal Adeno-Associated Virus Injection in Mice.

Purpose To characterize the intraocular immune cell infiltrate induced by intravitreal adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy. Methods AAV vectors carrying plasmids expressing green fluorescent protein under the control of PR2.1 were injected intravitreally into AAV naive and AAV primed C57Bl/6 mice. Clinical inflammation was assessed using optical coherence tomography. Intraocular immune cell populations were identified and quantified by flow cytometry on days 1, 7, and 29 after intravitreal injection and compared with sham and fellow eye controls. Results Optical coherence tomography inflammation score and total CD45+ cell number were significantly higher in AAV injected eyes compared to uninjected fellow eye and sham injected controls. Clinically apparent inflammation (vitritis on optical coherence tomography) and cellular inflammation (CD45+ cell number) was significantly increased in AAV injected eyes and peaked around day 7. Vitritis resolved by day 29, but cellular inflammation persisted through day 29. On day 1, neutrophils and activated monocytes were the dominant cell populations in all AAV injected eyes. On day 7, eyes of AAV exposed animals had significantly more dendritic cells and T cells than eyes of AAV naive animals. By day 29, CD8- T cells were the dominant CD45+ cell population in AAV injected eyes. Conclusions Intravitreal AAV injection in mice generates clinically evident inflammation that is mild and seems to resolve spontaneously. However, the total number of intraocular CD45+ cells, particularly T cells, remain elevated. Both innate and adaptive immune cells respond to intravitreal AAV regardless of prior immune status, but the adaptive response is delayed in AAV naive eyes.
Association between multimodality measures of aortic stenosis severity and quality-of-life improvement outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Aims Up to 40% of patients with aortic stenosis (AS) present with discordant grading of AS severity based on common transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) measures. Our aim was to evaluate the utility of TTE and multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) measures in predicting symptomatic improvement in patients with AS undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods and results A retrospective review of 201 TAVR patients from January 2017 to November 2018 was performed. Pre- and post-intervention quality-of-life was measured using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12). Pre-intervention measures including dimensionless index (DI), stroke volume index (SVI), mean transaortic gradient, peak transaortic velocity, indexed aortic valve area (AVA), aortic valve calcium score, and AVA based on hybrid MDCT-Doppler calculations were obtained and correlated with change in KCCQ-12 at 30-day follow-up. Among the 201 patients studied, median KCCQ-12 improved from 54.2 pre-intervention to 85.9 post-intervention. In multivariable analysis, patients with a mean gradient >40 mmHg experienced significantly greater improvement in KCCQ-12 at follow-up than those with mean gradient ≤40 mmHg (28.1 vs. 16.4, P = 0.015). Patients with MDCT-Doppler-calculated AVA of ≤1.2 cm2 had greater improvements in KCCQ-12 scores than those with computed tomography-measured AVA of >1.2 cm2 (23.4 vs. 14.1, P = 0.049) on univariate but not multivariable analysis. No association was detected between DI, SVI, peak velocity, calcium score, or AVA index and change in KCCQ-12. Conclusion Mean transaortic gradient is predictive of improvement in quality-of-life after TAVR. This measure of AS severity may warrant greater relative consideration when selecting the appropriateness of patients for TAVR.
Adaptive Beamforming for Multi-Function In-Band Full-Duplex Applications

The ability of in-band full duplex (IBFD) technology to support multiple simultaneous functions within wireless systems will enable it to be adopted into both existing networks and innovative applications that have not yet been fully realized. In order to accomplish this goal, an effective way to mitigate the consequential self-interference must be employed. One of the many techniques considered to do this is adaptive beamforming for IBFD designs with antenna arrays, which offers untapped potential. This article provides background on beamforming approaches that have been used within IBFD systems, and presents a survey of published results to quantify the performance of these methods. Additionally, the design of two of the highest-isolation prototypes are discussed within the context of providing practical examples for both omnidirectional and directional architectures. Overall, this conversation highlights the use of adaptive beamforming within IBFD systems, and illustrates how it is poised to become more prevalent within future wireless networks.
Genetic variants predictive of reproductive aging are associated with vasomotor symptoms in a multiracial/ethnic cohort.

Objective Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), hot flashes, and night sweats are cardinal symptoms of the menopausal transition. Little is known about genetic influences on VMS. This study evaluated whether previously identified genetic factors predictive of VMS, age at menarche, and age at menopause were associated with VMS in a multiracial/ethnic cohort. Methods For 702 White, 306 Black, 126 Chinese, and 129 Japanese women from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) Genomic Substudy, we created polygenic risk scores (PRSs) from genome-wide association studies of VMS and ages at menarche and menopause. PRSs and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from a previously identified VMS locus (tachykinin receptor 3 [TACR3]) were evaluated for associations with frequent VMS (VMS ≥6 days in the past 2 weeks at any visit) and with VMS trajectories (persistently low, early onset, final menstrual period onset, persistently high). Results The C-allele of rs74827081 in TACR3 was associated with reduced likelihood of frequent VMS in White women (odds ratio [OR] = 0.49 [95% CI, 0.29-0.83]). With higher menarche PRS (later menarche), Black women were less likely (OR = 0.55 [95% CI, 0.38-0.78]) to report frequent VMS. With higher PRS for age at menarche, Black women were also less likely to have a persistently high VMS trajectory (OR = 0.55 [95% CI, 0.34-0.91]), whereas White women (OR = 0.75 [95% CI, 0.58-0.98]) were less likely to have a final menstrual period onset trajectory (vs persistently low). Chinese women with higher menopause PRS were more likely to have frequent VMS (OR = 2.29 [95% CI, 1.39-3.78]). Associations were substantively similar after excluding rs74827081 C-allele carriers. Conclusions Genetic factors predictive of reproductive aging are also associated with VMS, suggesting that VMS have a polygenic architecture. Further study in this area may help to identify new targets for novel VMS therapies. Video Summary:http://links.lww.com/MENO/A761.
Implications of COVID-19 for privacy at work

Federal law in the United States gives employers extremely wide latitude to collect and store information about employees (United States Department of Labor, n.d.), and advances in microtechnologies and data processing make it possible for employers to do so in an increasingly invasive fashion (Collier, 2018). [...]there is scant evidence to suggest that EPM for surveillance purposes improves performance and some evidence for moderate negative performance effects (Becker & Marique, 2014). [...]organizations that turn to EPM during the pandemic should do so with a clear and transparent rationale for how the monitoring will specifically assist individuals in meeting personal and organizational goals. The CDC guidelines for employers recommend organizations conduct “daily in-person or virtual health checks (e.g., symptom and/or temperature screening) of employees before they enter work” as individuals return to workplaces (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020). Less malicious, but also concerning, is the risk of incidental exposure of private information from one’s living space or personal life as individuals telecommute from home, particularly for the many who do not have a home office or a partitioned workspace.
Coal Combustion Residuals and Health

Coal not only provides affordable and reliable energy worldwide but also produces one of the largest waste streams, coal combustion residuals (CCRs). Combustion of coal produces hazardous gases such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon dioxide (CO2), as well as particulate matter such as fly ash, bottom ash, and flue gas desulfurization by-products. CCRs can also affect human health and ecosystems through the impacts of contaminants such as heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and radionuclides. The impact of CCRs can be direct through exposure to contaminants in the air, surface water, and groundwater. Indirect impacts are through contamination of soil by coal ash due to inappropriate storage conditions of coal ash impoundments and/or extreme spill events and subsequent inclusion into the food chain. The multitude of ways that coal-fired power plants can impact the environment and human health make CCRs and their storage a global issue.
The urokinase-type plasminogen activator system in prostate cancer metastasis

Accumulated clinical and experimental evidence indicates that the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its regulators are causatively involved in the metastatic phenotype of many types of cancers. In the past couple of decades, investigation on the role of the uPA system in human prostate cancer (PC) has been intensified and has yielded valuable insights. This review summarizes recent advances made in several areas regarding the clinical relevance, the function and the molecular mechanisms of the uPA system in PC metastasis. A current consensus suggests that the uPA system promotes PC metastasis by mediating pericellular plasminogen activation. Towards the development of therapeutic strategies that specifically target uPA-mediated PC metastasis, several remaining issues are discussed.
Synthesis and Structure of a Neutral Trimetallic Biicosahedral Cluster, (Ph~3P)~1~0Au~1~1Ag~1~2Pt~2Cl~7. A Comparative Study of Molecular and Crystal Structures of Vertex-Sharing Biicosahedral Mixed-Metal Nanoclusters

The synthesis and structure of a new, neutral Au–Ag–Pt vertex-sharing biicosahedral cluster, [(Ph3P)10Au11Ag12Pt2Cl7] (3), is reported. The title cluster was synthesized via a new synthetic strategy based on preformed clusters. The title cluster crystallizes in a monoclinic unit cell of P21/m space-group symmetry with lattice parameters a=16.553(14) A, b=25.130(7) A, c=29.633(13) A, β=103.03(5); V=12009.3 A3 and Z=2. The structure was refined to R1=7.7% and R2=9.2% for 3585 independent reflections (2θ≤42°) with I>3σ. The metal core of the title structure can be described as two Pt-centered Au6Ag6 icosahedra sharing a common Au atom. The four metal pentagons adopt the staggered–eclipsed–staggered (ses) configuration, or, the R(0) rotamer. The ten triphenylphosphine ligands coordinate to the ten peripheral (surface) Au atoms in a radial fashion. There are five doubly-bridging chloride ligands connecting two Ag5 pentagons and two more chloride ligands coordinating terminally to two apical Ag atoms. The title cluster completes the series of Au-shared biicosahedral clusters with 0, 1, and 2 Pt atom(s) occupying the two icosahedral centers, as exemplified by [(p-Tol3P)10Au13Ag12Cl7]2+ (1), [(Ph3P)10Au12Ag12PtCl7]+ (2), and the title cluster [(Ph3P)10Au11Ag12Pt2Cl7] (3), respectively. The structure of the title cluster satisfies the site preference rules established for mixed-metal vertex-sharing polyicosahedral nanoclusters. The molecular structural invariance and the ubiquity of the P21/m space group for the crystal structures of the biicosahedral cluster series with Ph3P as phosphine ligands and conforming to the R(0) rotameric metal configuration are discussed. Furthermore, endo- and exo-icosahedral chemistries, and rotamerism and roulettamerism of an extensive series of vertex-sharing biicosahedral nanoclusters, as well as their bonding implications, are described via a comparative study.
Monitoring of the Implementation of Municipal Reform

Within the framework of this study, we have been monitoring the development of municipal reform from the moment of the enactment of Federal Law No. 131-FZ, “On general principles of the organization of local self-government in the Russian Federation,” until mid-year 2006. This paper describes the evolution in approaches to municipal reform at the federal level, analyzes the results of reform of the territorial foundations of local self-government, and discusses the policies of regional authorities in respect of newly formed settlements during the reform’s transitional period. Significant emphasis in the study has been placed on the analysis of the experience of implementing municipal reform in Novosibirsk Oblast and Stavropol Krai – the two pilot regions for municipal reform. Tver Oblast is described as an example of the specific features and consequences of reform of the system of financial relations between regions and municipalities.
Implementing Logic Programming Systems: The Quiche-Eating Approach

In recent years, it seems to have become somewhat unfashionable to build implementations of logic programming languages by translating them to Prolog. Instead, implementors appear, more and more, to be designing their own abstract instruction sets and indulging in a great deal of slow and painful low-level hacking. This paper argues that in many cases, it is preferable to build systems by translating programs to Prolog, using a good underlying Prolog system, and using dataflow analysis and high-level optimizations to reduce performance overheads. In support of our arguments, we compare two sequential implementations of committed choice languages: QD-Janus, which translates to Prolog, and FCP(:), which compiles to a low-level byte-coded instruction set. Even though QD-Janus took significantly less time to implement, its performance is significantly better than that of FCP(:).
Area-Optimized Technology Mapping for Hybrid FPGAs

As integration levels in FPGA devices have increased over the past decade, the structure of programmable logic resources has become more diversified. Recently, Altera Corporation has introduced a new family of LUT-based FPGAs that have been augmented with user-configurable programmable logic array blocks (PLAs). In this paper a novel FPGA technology mapping approach is described that automatically partitions user designs into netlist subgraphs appropriately-sized for implementation on both types of available user resources. The subgraphs are subsequently mapped to assigned target resources. It is shown that fast estimation of post-minimization product term counts plays an especially important role in the mapping of designs to PLAs.
Constraints on the Formation of the Planet in HD 188753

The claimed discovery of a Jupiter-mass planet in the close triple-star system HD 188753 poses a problem for planet formation theory. A circumstellar disk around the planet's parent star would be truncated close to the star, leaving little material available for planet formation. In this paper we attempt to model a protoplanetary disk around HD 188753A using a fairly simple α-disk model, exploring a range of parameters constrained by observations of T Tauri-type stars. The disk is truncated to within 1.5-2.7 AU, depending on model parameters. We find that the in situ formation of the planet around HD 188753A is implausible.
Drugs to Combat Tropical Protozoan Parasites

Tropical protozoan parasites are the scourge of the developing world, causing devastating diseases, such as malaria, Chagas9 disease, and leishmaniasis. These diseases not only are a huge cause of human misery but also are holding back the economic progress of many developing countries. A pair of Perspectives--by Hol and Gelb, and by Long and Hoffman --report the proceedings of two recent Keystone meetings that examined progress in developing new drugs and vaccines to combat these terrible diseases.
Vertical tidal wind climatology from full‐diurnal‐cycle temperature and Na density lidar observations at Ft. Collins, CO (41°N, 105°W)

Vertical wind and its tidal perturbations are critical for understanding energy and momentum budgets within the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere. However, direct and precise observations of this tidal wind component are highly challenging due to its low magnitude (a few cm/s), and often smaller than the measurement uncertainty even if averaged over hours. A dynamical method to determine vertical wind tides from Na density tides was proposed and its validity tested by limited amount of data two decades ago. In this paper, we utilize the linear relationship between the perturbations of Na density and atmospheric density caused by wave perturbations to extend this method, and devise two new formulations for determining vertical wind tides from the Na lidar observed Na density and temperature in the mesopause region. By taking advantage of the established climatology of mean and tidal perturbations over Fort Collins, CO (41°N, 105°W), based on the data set between 2002 and 2008, we deduce diurnal and semidiurnal vertical wind tides from all three formulations. The deduced tidal amplitudes and phases are intercompared, along with the most recent, but well studied and tested, Climatological Tidal Model of the Thermosphere (CTMT) based on the Hough Mode Extension (HME) followed by a tidal spectrum analysis to address the different tidal components contribution to the total tidal behavior at this midlatitude location. The comparisons show general agreement between the lidar tidal results and the model.
Internet Usage Trends in Thoracic Surgery Patients and Their Caregivers

With trends toward increasing patient involvement in medical decision-making, decreasing clinic times, and the availability of the Internet, patients and their caregivers are increasingly researching cancer diagnoses online. It is essential for physicians to understand patient Internet usage as it relates to their own health education. Internet usage trends have been studied in various areas, but not in thoracic diseases. This prospective cohort study surveyed 337 thoracic surgery patients and their caregivers with both cancer and non-cancer diagnoses to examine their Internet usage trends. Cancer subjects were more likely to research their condition online if they were younger, had a higher income, had a higher education level, and were currently employed. Only age and income level were predictive for non-cancer subjects. Separately, cancer subjects were more likely to trust information found on the Internet if they had a higher education. Subjects were most likely to conduct research on a hospital website than other websites. These data will be helpful to thoracic surgeons who want to appropriately educate patients and their caregivers and direct them to reliable Internet sources. These data also illustrate the importance of developing trustworthy hospital websites with disease-specific information.
The Runaway Production Complex? The Film Industry as a Driver of Urban Economic Revitalization in the United States

Cities and states across the United States have turned to cultural industries to revitalize their economies, but we argue that the dynamics of agglomeration and labor market governance are crucial ...
Multi-objective planning of smart grid based on maturity evaluation

By analyzing the characteristic of each link and each stage in smart gird, smart grid maturity model has been established. This model involves 8 dimensions, 5 hierarchies and 50 assessments, is accompanied by the whole innovation process of smart grid and cover each link: generation, transmission, substation, distribution, consumption, dispatch and communication information . Based on this model, one method of multi-objective planning of smart grid has been proposed. Through assessing each dimension's maturity by gray target decision model, the distinction between each dimension and multi-objective of smart grid has been ascertained, thus the planning content of smart grid can be defined with pertinence. Practical application effects in two cities indicates this method can thoroughly describe the planning elements of smart grid, help to develop construction definitely, embody feasibility, practicability and economy, and has good application value.
Measuring Soil-structure Interaction on Laterally Loaded Piles with Digital Image Correlation

Abstract A testing system to investigate soil-structure interaction on laterally loaded piles has been developed at Lafayette College. The two-piece soil box developed for this work allows the direct or indirect loading of single or multiple pile systems. Direct loading is accomplished by attaching hydraulic rams directly to the exposed area of the piles above the soil surface. Indirect loading is accomplished by loading the top section of the two-piece soil box, transferring the load from the ram to the side of the top section of the box and then to the pile through the surrounding soil. The interaction between the piles and the soil is monitored by a variety of sensors that range from common load cells, strain gages and displacement sensors to shape acceleration arrays, sheet pressure sensors and digital image correlation. The shape acceleration array measures the displacement of the pile along its length. Sheet pressure sensors are used to record the pressure distribution of the soil/soil box interaction in front of the directly loaded piles and behind indirectly loaded piles. Digital image correlation is used to measure surface soil movement. By combining the results from the various sensors the interaction of the soil and pile can be better understood.
Regulating horizontal diversification

Abstract This paper investigates the optimal design of diversification rules for regulated enterprises. Diversification generates profit in non-core markets that can be shared with core customers. However, a diversified firm may divert its attention and effort to non-core operations, causing consumer welfare in core markets to decline. Diversification generally results in lower prices and higher-powered reward structures in core markets. Surprisingly, diversification is not always directed into the non-core markets where the expected contribution of the regulated firm is most pronounced. Furthermore, diversification may be permitted more often as the potential losses from effort diversion increase.
Ellipsoid bounds on state trajectories for discrete-time systems with time-invariant and time-varying linear fractional uncertainties

Polynomial-time algorithms are proposed for computing tight ellipsoidal bounds on the state trajectories of discrete-time linear systems with time-varying or time-invariant linear fractional parameter uncertainties and ellipsoidal uncertainty in the initial state. The approach employs linear matrix inequalities to determine an initial estimate of the ellipsoid, which is improved by the subsequent application of the skewed structured singular value. Tradeoffs between computational complexity and conservatism are discussed for the three algorithms. Small conservatism for the tightest bounds is observed in numerical examples used to compare the algorithms.