cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Phenomenological Relationships in Heavy Fermi Liquids

Trends for the occurrence of superconductivity .and magnetic order in narrow-band metals are reviewed. Magnetic interactions and strongly nonadiabatic coupling between electrons and the lattice are discussed as important limitations on the superconducting transition temperature. Numerous similarities in the physical properties of high-Tc superconductors, valence fluctuation and heavy fermion materials are summarized. The strong influence of the magnetoresistance in upper critical field behavior, and “T2 dependences” of the heat capacity are proposed as novel characteristics of heavy fermion systems.
The Nature of Our Digital Universe

A compelling question for the 21st Century is "What is the nature of our digital universe?" In designing the Future Internet, we have a remarkable opportunity and need for a deeper understanding of this question. Based on the profound importance of our Future Digital World and on the role of the Future Internet in shaping it, this paper suggests holistic objectives for the design process and some thoughts on challenges and opportunities that the design process may face.
Oxymetholone Treatment for the Anemia of Bone Marrow Failure

Oxymetholone was given to 28 adults with chronic anemia from bone marrow disease. Changes in hematocrit and red cell mass were correlated with serial assessments of erythropoietin and erythropoiesis. Erythropoietin excretion was enhanced more than five-fold over the level expected for the hematocrit in 70% of the patients. Only 23% of the patients with an evaluable treatment trial increased their red cell mass by at least 20%. In all responders, the T ½ of 59 Fe disappearance ranged from 86-136 min and erythron iron turnover exceeded 0.25 mg/100 ml blood/day. A decline in serum iron concentration to the 50-100 µg/100 ml range after 1 mo of oxymetholone was frequently associated with a subsequent response to therapy. Patients with severe bone marrow failure, for whom frequent red cell transfusions were required, did not improve. The failure of other patients to respond was attributed to complicating factors that either impaired maximal erythropoietin production or restricted iron supply to the bone marrow. Hepatic toxicity was detected in less than 10% of treated patients. Results support the use of oxymetholone in the treatment of patients with moderate degrees of bone marrow failure and symptomatic anemia.
Consumer Conformity: Review and Applications for Marketing Theory and Practice

Interpersonal influences are a key explanatory variable in many marketing applications. While individuals are frequently directed in their product choice and usage by referent others and may conform to these directions to gain group acceptance, our knowledge about the conformity pressures exerted in the marketplace is relatively limited. The purpose of this study is to explore conformity by examining the multitude of factors that predispose individuals to conform to the influence of others. A theoretical model of conformity is advanced, and applications of conformity theory to marketing practice are suggested.
Heterogeneous, Three-Dimensional Texturing of Graphene

We report a single-step strategy to achieve heterogeneous, three-dimensional (3D) texturing of graphene and graphite by using a thermally activated shape-memory polymer substrate. Uniform arrays of graphene crumples can be created on the centimeter scale by controlling simple thermal processing parameters without compromising the electrical properties of graphene. In addition, we show the capability to selectively pattern crumples from otherwise flat graphene and graphene/graphite in a localized manner, which has not been previously achievable using other methods. Finally, we demonstrate 3D crumpled graphene field-effect transistor arrays in a solution-gated configuration. The presented approach has the capability to conform onto arbitrary 3D surfaces, a necessary prerequisite for adaptive electronics, and will enable facile large-scale topography engineering of not only graphene but also other thin-film and 2D materials in the future.
Abstract 1468: Cerium oxide nanoparticles sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to radiation by modulating the JNK pathway

Pancreatic cancer, one of the most lethal cancers, has a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate. Currently, the absence of effective therapies increases reliance on radiation therapy (RT) to treat pancreatic cancer. We have previously reported that Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (CONPs) are selectively toxic to cancer cells and possess the ability to selectively sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to radiation-induced cell death. Radiation-induced H2O2 production was significantly increased in the presence of less than or equal to 10 µM of CONPs and radiation-induced ROS production was increased in human L3.6pl pancreatic cancer cells pre-treated with 10 µM CONPs, which correlated with a significant decrease in cell viability and clonogenicity as compared to radiation alone. Conversely, ROS production was decreased in normal hTERT-HPNE pancreatic cells without impacting cell viability. The volume of pancreatic tumors was reduced by 48% in mice treated with combination therapy compared to radiation alone. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis revealed that combination therapy resulted in a significant increase in tumor cell apoptosis. In the most recent study, we determined the mechanism responsible for the increase in apoptosis as a result of increased ROS levels. L3.6pl cells (radiation sensitive), PANC-1 (radiation resistant) and HPNE (normal pancreatic cells) were treated with 5 Gy radiation in the presence or absence of 10 µM CONPs. CONPs selectively increased RT-induced Thioredoxin (TRX) oxidation in the cancer cells (L3.6pl: 14.2%, p Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1468. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1468
Metabolic adaptations for energy production during trauma and sepsis.

A review is presented which focuses on the major metabolic consequences of trauma and sepsis, examines the control mechanisms which are disrupted, and suggests possible biochemical explanations for certain components of the response.
The Spectrum of Caregiving in Palliative Care for Serious, Advanced, Rare Diseases: Key Issues and Research Directions

Abstract Rare diseases are often life-limiting conditions, the majority of which require constant caregiving needs. The realization of a spectrum of palliative care throughout the trajectory of rare diseases could ensure individualized and caregiver-focused approaches to the care of patients and families. In June 2015, the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), the lead institute at the National Institutes of Health for end-of-life research, in conjunction with the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Office of Rare Diseases Research (ORDR) held an interdisciplinary workshop on the unique challenges of caregiving and palliative care in adult and pediatric rare diseases. The panel identified gaps in current knowledge, and afforded suggestions for research opportunities in palliative care science to improve the care of individuals with serious, advanced, rare diseases and their caregivers. This meeting provided an in-depth opportunity to incorporate new concepts into palliative and ...
The Beginning of an Extra-Marital Affair: A Descriptive Phenomenological Psychological Study and Clinical Implications

Extra-marital affairs are common in the US and frequently result in difficulties for individuals, families, and society. The psychological literature, however, does not provide adequate client-centered treatment directions for those who have affairs and seek psychotherapy for this issue.In an attempt to begin to address this gap in the literature, a descriptive phenomenological psychological study, a method that has the goal of articulating the general structure of an experience, in a pretheoretical manner, was undertaken. Results suggest areas of further inquiry and may imply directions for psychotherapeutic praxis with those who have had affairs.
Hypsometric control on glacier mass balance sensitivity in Alaska and northwest Canada

Glacier hypsometry provides a first-order approach for assessing a glacier's response to climate forcings. We couple the Randolph Glacier Inventory to a suite of in situ observations and climate model output to examine potential change for the ∼27,000 glaciers in Alaska and northwest Canada through the end of the 21st century. By 2100, based on Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5–8.5 forcings, summer temperatures are predicted to increase between +2.1 and +4.6°C, while solid precipitation (snow) is predicted to decrease by −6 to −11%, despite a +9 to +21% increase in total precipitation. Snow is predicted to undergo a pronounced decrease in the fall, shifting the start of the accumulation season back by ∼1 month. In response to these forcings, the regional equilibrium line altitude (ELA) may increase by +105 to +225 m by 2100. The mass balance sensitivity to this increase is highly variable, with the most substantive impact for glaciers with either limited elevation ranges (often small ( 60%. Our results highlight the first-order control of hypsometry on individual glacier response to climate change, and the variability that hypsometry introduces to a regional response to a coherent climate perturbation.
Structural Insights Into How Clotting Proteins with GLA Domains Bind to Membrane Surfaces.

Abstract 1141 Most steps in the blood coagulation cascade obligatorily take place on membrane surfaces and are dependent on the exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS). Many coagulation proteins bind to PS-containing membrane bilayers in a calcium-dependent manner via gamma-carboxyglutamate-rich (GLA) domains. In spite of their importance, a clear picture of how GLA domains bind to the membrane interface has yet to emerge. A further intriguing aspect of the membrane9s role in blood coagulation is that certain phospholipids, most notably phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), strongly synergize with PS to promote clotting reactions. The mechanisms of this synergy, and of PE9s contribution to GLA domain binding, are poorly understood – although a number of hypotheses have been put forward. We now propose a new hypothesis to explain GLA domain binding to membranes, which we term the ABC (Anything But Choline) hypothesis; it invokes two main types of protein-phospholipid interactions: a single L-serine-specific binding site in each GLA domain; and multiple “phosphate-specific” interactions in which the phosphate groups of non-phosphatidylcholine phospholipids form coordination complexes with the tightly bound calcium ions in GLA domains. We have utilized liposomes and nanoscale phospholipid bilayers (Nanodiscs) in studies employing a series of techniques including solid-state NMR (SSNMR) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to address the mechanism of GLA domain-membrane interactions. We provide direct evidence in favor of the ABC hypothesis for GLA domain binding to membrane surfaces. Using SSNMR, we demonstrate that two distinct PS headgroup conformations are induced by binding of calcium ions, and that a third, novel PS headgroup conformation is induced when the prothrombin GLA domain engages the membrane. SPR studies have allowed for the determination of thermodynamic profiles of GLA domains interacting with phospholipid bilayers containing PS and/or PE, providing further insights to the mechanisms of GLA domain-membrane interactions. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Involuntary Competence in United States Criminal Law

This is a draft of a chapter that has been accepted for publication by Oxford University Press in the forthcoming book Fitness to Plead: International and Comparative Perspectives edited by Ronnie Mackay and Warren Brookbanks due for publication in May 2018. It addresses whether the state may forcibly medicate an unwilling defendant or prisoner to restore competence in the criminal process, including competence to stand trial, competence to plead guilty and to waive trial rights, competence to represent oneself, and competence to be sentenced. It begins with a description of the doctrinal and mental health background information and the right of prisoners generally to refuse psychotropic medication. The succeeding section discusses the general balance of interests that obtains in deciding this issue and then canvases the particular competencies in question with analysis and recommendations for future directions. The general thesis is that the interest of both the state and the individual in finality is so weighty that forcible medication is justified in most cases if it is necessary to permit the criminal process to proceed. A brief conclusion follows.
Socio-temporal trends in urban cultural subpopulations through social media

Understanding when, where, and how increasingly diverse and dynamic subpopulations interact in urban environments is critical to the integrity of the city as a whole. This knowledge can facilitate the development of communication strategies, urban planning methodologies, and resource allocation to best serve citizens. Previous research focused either upon large temporal trends for the city as a whole, or mapped citizens in social or geographic space using broad categories (such as shared interests on social media or one's racial designation). Whereas these studies focused on a single geographic area, this paper includes Twitter data from three culturally distinct metropolitan areas over the same 92-day period: Los Angeles, CA, United States; Chicago, IL, United States; and Istanbul, Turkey. The global embrace of the Twitter social media platform provides the primary data source for a methodology applicable to any urban area. For Tweets emanating from within each city, a bag-of-words approach to the messages' textual content creates topical clusters within the most frequently occurring languages. These classifications transcend traditional racial designations. Time series analysis of each Tweet's timestamp reveal that the volume of tweets across topics is significantly correlated with major regional events. Furthermore, certain subpopulations' postings rise and fall in sync with others. Examining the trends among strongly correlated topic groups provides an indication of how these groups might interact.
Of Garbage Cans and Paradox: Reflexively Reviewing Design, Mission Command, and the Gray Zone

As a rule-following organization, the military both suffers and benefits from bureaucracy. One of the negative characteristics of bureaucracy is the co-opting of innovation. This co-option results in the dismantling of ideas and the re-wickering of innovative tools into something unworkable or at cross-purposes to their original intent. To make sense of this we first must look at the concept of paradox and understand that what we observe is not irrational or abnormal: paradox is the rule in how human institutions behave. Second, there are ways with which to make sense of paradox. Next, one example is provided, applying the Garbage Can Model of Decision Making to some of the military’s examples of paradox. Lastly, I use these insights to describe how organizations co-opt new ideas. This concept could allow military professionals to understand what happens to new ideas and why they happen so that they can anticipate co-option’s negative effects.
Diptera (Biting Flies)

In general, as a group, biting flies in fresh water have significant health and economic importance worldwide. Biting Diptera comprise approximately a tenth of the total number of Diptera known to science. Their habitats are diverse and range from flowing to standing waters, including unique natural and artificial container habitats. Certain environmental legislation focused on the improvement of water quality, and aquatic system mitigation has contributed to the reemergence of some biting taxa (e.g., black flies) as well as population increases in others (e.g., biting midges and mosquitoes). The adaptation to bite (specifically humans) in order to obtain a blood meal has resulted in unique host–parasite relationships that have led to major vector control programs at various levels.
A Decentralized Formation and Network Connectivity Tracking Controller for Multiple Unmanned Systems

In this brief, we present a novel decentralized controller for multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to fly in a symmetric formation surrounding a hostile mobile target while maintaining and controlling the network connectivity. The multi-UAV information exchange topology is considered as a time-varying function of interagent distances. We investigate the impact of controller parameters on UAV group behavior to maintain connectivity. We also explore the use of the proposed controller to track a desired connectivity profile along with steering UAVs in a target-centric formation. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
An Unexpected Detour from Ivory Tower to Action Research

Changing one’s research path mid-career is humbling. I took an unexpected detour from ivory tower to action research. In this chapter I tell how the evolution occurred, how it was shaped by my personal life, and the three lessons I learned: (1) being humbled by starting from scratch, (2) gaining a new level of respect for practice, and (3) living in the “space between” academia and practice, facing the need to satisfy multiple stakeholders, each of whom requires something different from you.
A 65-Year-Old Male with Primary Central Nervous System Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma on Nivolumab with Oral Mucositis and Targetoid Plaques.

Background/Aims: The development of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors has greatly improved patient outcomes in the treatment of a variety of advanced malignancies. These novel immunotherapies are not without adverse effects, the most common of which are dermatologic. Methods: We report our experience with an atypical erythema multiforme-like eruption in a patient with primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with nivolumab. Results: The patient presented with oral mucositis and scattered erythematous papules which progressed to targetoid purpuric plaques with hyperkeratotic centers. Histopathology demonstrated interface dermatitis with dyskeratotic keratinocytes and pigment incontinence. The patient experienced improvement of the eruption with discontinuation of nivolumab and on systemic and topical glucocorticoids. Conclusion: As PD-1 inhibitors become more widely used in the treatment of advanced malignancies, the early recognition and treatment of rare dermatologic toxicities remain of great importance.
Demo Abstract: An Ultra-Low-Power Custom Integrated Circuit Based Sound-Source Localization System

The aim of this demo is to explore the implementation of an ultra-low-power analog-to-feature ASIC to an IoT embedded system. The custom integrated circuit, designed to optimize the power consumption of a traditional sound-source localization system, is capable of extracting the time-difference of arrival (TDoA) between 4 microphones consuming only 78.2nW. An end-to-end embedded system is presented; a microphone array is connected to the ASIC that converts the TDoA to digital information and sends it to a host computer. A machine-learning algorithm, running in the host, is then used to detect the bearing of the sound source. During the demonstration, the audience is able to verify the benefits and drawbacks of the custom integrated circuit solution, both in the perspective of the signal-processing performance of the ASIC, and the impact it introduces to the complexity of the system's integration.
Flying in reverse: kinematics and aerodynamics of a dragonfly in backward free flight

In this study, we investigated the backward free flight of a dragonfly, accelerating in a flight path inclined to the horizontal. The wing and body kinematics were reconstructed from the output of three high-speed cameras using a template-based subdivision surface reconstruction method, and numerical simulations using an immersed boundary flow solver were conducted to compute the forces and visualize the flow features. During backward flight, the dragonfly maintained an upright body posture of approximately 90° relative to the horizon. The upright body posture was used to reorient the stroke plane and the flight force in the global frame; a mechanism known as 'force vectoring' which was previously observed in manoeuvres of other flying animals. In addition to force vectoring, we found that while flying backward, the dragonfly flaps its wings with larger angles of attack in the upstroke (US) when compared with forward flight. Also, the backward velocity of the body in the upright position enhances the wings' net velocity in the US. The combined effect of the angle of attack and wing net velocity yields large aerodynamic force generation in the US, with the average magnitude of the force reaching values as high as two to three times the body weight. Corresponding to these large forces was the presence of a strong leading edge vortex (LEV) at the onset of US which remained attached up until wing reversal. Finally, wing-wing interaction was found to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the hindwings (HW) during backward flight. Vorticity from the forewings' trailing edge fed directly into the HW LEV to increase its circulation and enhance force production.
Community-based treatment of late life depression an expert panel-informed literature review.

Objectives To present findings from an expert panel–informed literature review on community-based treatment of late-life depression. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted to appraise publications on community-based interventions for depression in older adults. The search was conducted between March and October 2005. An expert panel of mental health, aging, health services, and epidemiology researchers guided the review and voted on quality and effectiveness of these interventions. Results A total of 3543 articles were found with publication dates from 1967 to October 2005; of these, 116 were eligible for inclusion. Adequate data existed to determine effectiveness for the following interventions: depression care management, group and individual psychotherapy for depression, psychotherapy targeting mental health, psychotherapy for caregivers, education and skills training (to manage health problems besides depression; and for caregivers), geriatric health evaluation and management, exercise, and physical rehabilitation and occupational therapy. After reviewing the data, panelists rated the depression care management interventions as effective. Education and skills training, geriatric health evaluation and management, and physical rehabilitation and occupational therapy received ineffective ratings. Other interventions received mixed effectiveness ratings. Insufficient data availability and poor study quality prevented the panelists from rating several reviewed interventions. Conclusions While several well-described interventions were found to treat depression effectively in community-dwelling older adults, significant gaps still exist. Interventions that did not target depression specifically may be of benefit to older adults, but they should not be presumed to treat depression by themselves. Treating depressed elders may require a multifaceted approach to ensure effectiveness. More research in this area is needed.
COMPLETELY ADJUSTABLE MULTIPURPOSE AGAR GEL CUTTER.

Recent progress inthestudy ofantigen-antibodyreactions ofbiologicals inagargel demands improvement ofexisting gel-cutting devices. For anideal comparison oftwoormoreantigenic preparations against anantiserum, itisnecessarytoobtain a critical distance between the ( antigen andantibody cupsandtoobtain apartial orcomplete identity ofprecipitinogen inadjacentcups. However, noneoftheavailable gel cutters (Feinberg, Intern. Arch. Allergy 11:129, _~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ _-r<I -_<
International Relations: Theories

International relations analyzes the strategic interaction among countries within the framework of an international system. Competing approaches stress the influence of system influences over the states or units, or, alternatively, features internal to each state in its behavior. System approaches include: realism, neoliberal institutionalism, and constructivism. They disagree on the consequences of anarchy (the absence of a supranational authority): insecurity leading to conflict for realists, cooperation if international institutions exist for, neoliberal institutionalism, and normative influences for constructivists. Unit-centered theories include culture and cognition, political institutions, and interest groups theories. Cooperation and conflict between states turn on the interaction of the domestic politics of each, refracted through culture, institutions, and interest group preferences. Culture and cognition can be sources of conflict and distorted evaluations. Some theorists of institutions believe democratic states are less likely to fight each other, while others stress interest group and cultural factors in shaping the likelihood of conflict. Some current debates include the analysis of international civil society (NGOs, transnational forces), the role of law and legalized dispute resolution mechanisms such as the WTO, globalization in economy and culture, and the formation of new entities (the European Union) and the decomposition of national units peaceably (the old USSR) and with violence (civil wars).
Molecular Pathology of Oxidative Damage Induced by the Myeloperoxidase System of Activated Phagocytes

Oxidant generation is implicated as a major contributor to aging and the degenerative diseases of the aging process (1,2). However, the physiologically relevant mechanisms for oxidative damage have not yet been identified. A potential pathway involves activated phagocytic white blood which employ a membrane-associated NADPH oxidase to generate superoxide (3,4). Superoxide spontaneously or enzymatically dismutates to form hydrogen peroxide. In vitro studies suggest that hydrogen peroxide alone is a relatively unreactive oxidant. However, the oxidative potential of hydrogen peroxide is amplified by myeloperoxidase, a secreted heme protein (3,4). The enzyme represents an attractive candidate for monitoring phagocyte-mediated damage because it generates several distinct oxidants that covalently modify cellular targets.
Orthopedic trauma. Managing secondary medical problems.

Approximately 60 million Americans survive injuries sustained after a trauma event. Managing secondary problems is the responsibility for all health care professionals. Alteration in integumentary status, circulation, pulmonary issues, musculoskeletal involvement, and depression are the most prevalent problems that interdisciplinary health care professionals on the rehabilitation team must manage. Rehabilitation must begin at the time of the traumatic event. Benefits of injury prevention and early rehabilitation are explored.
Development of Student and Teacher Assessments in the Scaling Up SimCalc Project

As SimCalc targets mathematics achievement goals that lie beyond what many schools today focus on, new assessments are needed to measure what students learn and what teachers must know to support their learning. We provide an overview of how we developed four assessments for the Scaling Up SimCalc project and describe each of the processes we used to document the technical qualities of the assessments. This methodological approach can be used to measure the effectiveness of dynamic mathematics approaches at scale.
The turf is always greener: Predicting decommitments in college football recruiting using Twitter data

Abstract We utilize the wealth of data related to American college football recruitment as a laboratory for studying the impact of social networks on organizational turnover. We combine data about athletes' recruiting activities and college choices with data from their Twitter social networks to predict decommitments over time - specifically, which athletes will decommit from their current college in a given month. Our results demonstrate the value of considering online social networks for decommitment predictions. Models incorporating social media data consistently outperform the baseline model containing only features derived from recruiting and institutional data. In the realm of athletic recruiting, our research can help coaches identify recruits who are more likely to decommit and enable them to proactively adjust recruiting strategies.
Characterizing the distribution of silent intervals in the connected speech of individuals with Parkinson disease.

Abstract The purpose of the current investigation was to examine a statistical approach to differentiating shorter silent intervals (e.g., stop gaps) from longer silent intervals (e.g., pause) at varying syntactic locations within a reading passage to better characterize articulatory and prosodic aspects of speech timing in Parkinson disease (PD). Silent intervals 15 ms and longer were extracted from reading sample. Logarithmic transformation of the silent interval durations yielded a bimodal distribution. Gaussian Mixture Model analysis was used to statistically differentiate the first mode (Mode 1) that corresponded to short silent intervals from the second mode (Mode 2) that corresponded to longer silent intervals. The syntactic context surrounding each silent interval was also categorized. Results revealed that the large majority of silent intervals that occurred within a clause, phrase, or word were assigned to Mode 1, while the majority of silent intervals that coincided with sentence-ending punctuation were assigned to Mode 2. Results revealed that Mode 1 intervals were slightly, but significantly longer for speakers with PD (Mean = 52.48 ms, SE = 3.23) compared to controls (Mean = 44.67 ms, SE = 2.00). Examination of the surrounding syntactic context revealed that this difference occurred at between-word boundaries contained within a phrase or clause. No between group differences were observed for the other inter- and intra-sentence syntactic boundaries or Mode 2 intervals. This study outlines a data-based approach to differentiating short between- and within-word intervals from longer silent intervals or pauses that reflect the prosodic and syntactic structure of a reading passage. Using this approach, the current data suggest that speakers with PD exhibit longer short silent intervals than controls, potentially reflecting a slight delay in the fluent segment-to-segment transition between words.
Cyborg Botany: Exploring In-Planta Cybernetic Systems for Interaction

Our traditional interaction possibilities have centered around our electronic devices. In recent years, the progress in electronics and material science has enabled us go beyond chip layer and work at the substrate level. This has helped us rethink form, sources of power, hosts and in turn new interaction possibilities. However, the design of such devices has mostly been ground up and fully synthetic. In this paper, we discuss the analogy between artificial functions and natural capabilities in plants. Through two case studies, we demonstrate bridging unique natural operations of plants with the digital world. Each desired synthetic function is grown, injected carefully or placed in conjunction with a plant's natural functions. Our goal is to make use of sensing and expressive abilities of nature for our interaction devices. Merging synthetic circuitry with plant's own physiology could pave a way to make these lifeforms responsive to our interactions and their ubiquitous sustainable deployment.
Abstract TMP57: Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism as a Biomarker to Stratify Stroke Risk in Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease

Background: While imaging biomarkers guide stroke prevention strategies in children with sickle cell (SC) disease, none have been adequately studied in adults. High oxygen extraction (OEF) predicts...
Isolation of canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from falciform tissue obtained via laparoscopic morcellation: A pilot study.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of stem cell isolation from falciform fat harvested via laparoscopic morcellation. Study design Pilot study. Animals Eleven client-owned dogs. Methods Falciform was harvested traditionally via laparotomy and laparoscopically via tissue morcellation. Harvested tissue was processed with a commercially available adipose tissue dissociation kit to obtain a stromal vascular fraction (SVF). Cells were subsequently labeled for CD90, CD45, and CD44 cell surface antigens by using magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting flow cytometry. CD90+ cells were quantitated, and their viability was assessed with a hemocytometer and a trypan blue exclusion test of cell viability. Results No perioperative complications occurred in dogs undergoing laparoscopic morcellation. Laparoscopically and traditionally harvested samples yielded an average of 0.39 (±0.1) × 106 and 0.33 (±0.1) × 106 CD90+ cells, respectively, per 10 million SVF cells. CD90+ cell viability after MACS was 89% (±11%) for morcellated and 86% (±7%) for traditionally harvested samples. Neither CD90+ cell quantity nor viability was different between samples obtained via traditional laparotomy vs laparoscopic morcellation (P = .38 and P = .63, respectively). Populations of CD90+ cells isolated with each harvest technique had similar CD44 and CD45 expression profiles. Conclusion Viable populations of CD90+ cells with similar CD44/CD45 expression profiles were isolated from laparoscopically morcellated and traditionally harvested falciform tissue. No appreciable morbidity was associated with laparoscopic falciform morcellation. Clinical significance Laparoscopic morcellation is a safe and effective minimally invasive approach to falciform tissue harvest for adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell isolation.
Finding Structure in Point Cloud Data with the Robust Isoperimetric Loss.

We present a new regularization method to find structure in point clouds corrupted by outliers. The method organizes points into a graph structure, and uses isoperimetric inequalities to craft a loss function that is minimized alternatingly to identify outliers, and annihilate their effect. It can operate in the presence of large amounts of outliers, and inlier noise. The approach is applicable to both low-dimensional point clouds, such as those obtained from stereo or structured light, as well as high-dimensional ones.
Real-Time Digital Video Streaming at Low-VHF for Compact Autonomous Agents in Complex Scenes

This paper presents an experimental investigation of real-time digital video streaming in physically complex Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLoS) channels using a low-power, low-VHF system integrated on a compact robotic platform. Reliable video streaming in NLoS channels over infrastructure-poor ad-hoc radio networks is challenging due to multipath and shadow fading. In this effort, we focus on exploiting the near-ground low-VHF channel which has been shown to have improved penetration, reduced fading, and lower power requirements (which is critical for autonomous agents with limited power) compared to higher frequencies. Specifically, we develop a compact, low-power, low-VHF radio test-bed enabled by recent advances in efficient miniature antennas and off-the-shelf software-defined radios. Our main goal is to carry out an empirical study in realistic environments of how the improved propagation conditions at low-VHF affect the reliability of video-streaming with constraints stemming from the limited available bandwidth with electrically small low-VHF antennas. We show quantitative performance analysis of video streaming from a robotic platform navigating inside a large occupied building received by a node located outdoors: bit error rate (BER) and channel- induced Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) degradation. The results show channel-effect-free- like video streaming with the low-VHF system in complex NLoS channels.
Delineating conditions and subtypes in chronic pain using neuroimaging

Differentiating subtypes of chronic pain still remains a challenge-both from a subjective and objective point of view. Personalized medicine is the current goal of modern medical care and is limited by the subjective nature of patient self-reporting of symptoms and behavioral evaluation. Physiology-focused techniques such as genome and epigenetic analyses inform the delineation of pain groups; however, except under rare circumstances, they have diluted effects that again, share a common reliance on behavioral evaluation. The application of structural neuroimaging towards distinguishing pain subtypes is a growing field and may inform pain-group classification through the analysis of brain regions showing hypertrophic and atrophic changes in the presence of pain. Analytical techniques such as machine-learning classifiers have the capacity to process large volumes of data and delineate diagnostically relevant information from neuroimaging analysis. The issue of defining a "brain type" is an emerging field aimed at interpreting observed brain changes and delineating their clinical identity/significance. In this review, 2 chronic pain conditions (migraine and irritable bowel syndrome) with similar clinical phenotypes are compared in terms of their structural neuroimaging findings. Independent investigations are compared with findings from application of machine-learning algorithms. Findings are discussed in terms of differentiating patient subgroups using neuroimaging data in patients with chronic pain and how they may be applied towards defining a personalized pain signature that helps segregate patient subgroups (eg, migraine with and without aura, with or without nausea; irritable bowel syndrome vs other functional gastrointestinal disorders).
Sexual Assault and Female Gang Involvement: A Look at Risk Amplification and Prevention

This chapter examines the relationship between child sexual abuse (CSA) and female gang involvement. Young women who have been sexually abused at home often run away to escape the abuse and seek refuge in a gang where they are vulnerable to being sexually victimized by males in the gang. An overview of theoretical perspectives offers social, economic, and personal contexts that influence females to participate in gangs. A prevention plan is presented that identifies risk and protective factors for gang involvement at different levels of the social ecology. The plan is tailored to address the effects of CSA as an underlying risk factor for female gang involvement and an amplifying risk factor for sexual revictimization.
Remarkably Still Repairable Large Aortopulmonary Window in an Adult Patient.

Aortopulmonary window (APW) is an abnormal congenital connection between the main pulmonary artery (MPA) and the ascending aorta, with intact aortic and pulmonary valves, leading to heart failure o...
Pulsatile Flow Through a Constricted Artery

As part of our long standing interest in the etiology of atherosclerosis we are presently concentrating on an isolated moderate stenosis in a straight artery. The attack is three pronged, chronic in vivo experiments with healthy dogs, physical experiments in transparent models and approximate theoretical solutions. By studying the fluid dynamic field and the endothelial response we hope to establish the normal physiological state and thus be better able to define the disease mechanisms leading to deposition of atherosclerotic plaque.
Feeling the α-synuclein strain

α-synuclein strains may be responsible for the differing disease etiologies of the α-Synucleinopathies.
Encouraging Entrustment: A Qualitative Study of Resident Behaviors That Promote Entrustment.

Purpose To explore resident and attending physician perceptions of resident behaviors and skills that demonstrate trustworthiness and promote entrustment by supervisors. Method Using grounded theory methodology, the authors conducted 3 focus groups with pediatric residents from the Boston Combined Residency Program and 3 focus groups with attending physicians who were either general pediatric hospitalists or other pediatric subspecialists at Boston Children's Hospital and Boston Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts, from May to December 2018. Data were collected and analyzed iteratively until theoretical saturation was achieved. Three independent reviewers coded each transcript. Codes were grouped into dominant themes to develop a conceptual model. Results Twelve residents and 18 attending physicians participated in the focus groups. Participants described actions that they felt actively demonstrated residents' trustworthiness within previously described domains of trustworthiness. Four modifiers emerged that affect a resident's progression from trustworthiness to entrustment: (1) self-management, (2) relationships, (3) self-advocacy, and (4) patient-centeredness. Findings were synthesized into a conceptual model depicting how trainees can promote their own entrustment by supervisors. Conclusions Trainees must actively demonstrate their trustworthiness to be entrusted. This study proposes that trainees can further gain entrustment through self-management, relationships, self-advocacy, and patient-centeredness. When they understand the actions and behaviors that promote entrustment, trainees may be better able to foster autonomy and progress toward more independent clinical practice. These findings add to existing evidence regarding entrustment and provide a novel, actionable framework for trainees to increase their own entrustment.
A Quasiexperimental Evaluation of Two Versions of First-Grade PALS: One with and One without Repeated Reading.

We attempted to strengthen an evidence-based, peer-mediated, first-grade reading program (First Grade Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies [PALS]) by modestly revising its content and adding a repeated-reading (RR) component. In a cluster-randomized trial, we conducted a component analysis of the revised program by creating two versions of it. “PALS+Fluency” represented the modified program with an RR component, whereas “PALS-Only” represented the same program without RR. We tested the efficacy of the two PALS versions together against controls and against each other to determine if peer-mediated RR had “value added.” With moderator analyses, we further explored whether the PALS programs benefited weaker and stronger readers alike. Thirty-three first-grade classroom teachers (and 491 students) from eight urban schools were randomly assigned to the three study groups within their schools. The PALS-Only and PALS+Fluency programs ran for 22 weeks. Multilevel modeling showed that the combined effects of the two PALS programs on phonological awareness (PA), word reading, and reading fluency were superior to those of controls. Students’ pretreatment PA moderated combined program effects on PA and word reading, indicating stronger effects for students with weaker PA. PALS-Only students improved PA skills (over PALS+Fluency students) with stronger effects for those with weaker pretreatment PA
Advanced Characterization of Silicone Oil Droplets in Protein Therapeutics Using Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Imaging Flow Cytometry Data

Abstract Monitoring protein particles is increasingly emphasized in the development of biopharmaceuticals due to potential immunogenicity. Accurate quantitation of protein particles is complicated by silicone oil droplets, a common pharmaceutical component in pre-filled syringes. Though silicone oil is typically regarded as harmless, numerous reports have indicated protein adsorption may render these particles with immunostimulatory properties. Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) is an emerging pharmaceutical method capable of capturing high-resolution brightfield and fluorescence imagery from samples in suspension. In this study, we created a data analysis strategy using artificial intelligence (AI) software to classify brightfield images collected with IFC as protein or silicone oil. The AI software performs image classification using deep learning with a convolutional neural network architecture, for identification of subtle morphological phenotypes. The AI model yielded robust classification of particles >2 μm across various sources of protein and silicone oil particles and over the instrument life cycle. Next, the AI model was combined with IFC fluorescence images to differentiate potentially immunogenic protein-adsorbed silicone and innocuous native silicone. The methods reported herein provide added analytical capability for characterization of particulate matter in therapeutic formulations, and may be applied for optimization of protein formulations and evaluation of product consistency.
Measuring Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content As a Marker for Iron Deficiency and Response to Therapy Represents a Paradigm Shift in Care

It is estimated anemia affects over 30% of the world's population, with iron deficiency (ID) the overwhelmingly most common cause. Whether absolute due to blood loss and/or iron sequestration to underlying morbidity, the need for repletion especially in females, is a formidable medical issue. The diagnosis of iron deficient erythropoiesis has been traditionally based on the biochemical parameters ferritin and percent transferrin saturation (TSAT), mean cell volume and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration. In recent years, reticulocyte Hb content has emerged as a parameter helpful in identifying iron deficient erythropoiesis and informing a need, or lack thereof, for replacement. 556 consecutive, non-selected patients referred for diagnosis and/or treatment of anemia were included in this diagnostic study to compare the performance of reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He) versus traditional biochemical markers for diagnosis and treatment of IDA. CBC, serum ferritin, iron and TSAT were performed as clinically indicated. RET-He was measured with a Sysmex XN-450 analyzer on the residual CBC sample. 556 patients were studied at baseline and 150 were subsequently treated with intravenous (IV) iron. 240/556 were seen at follow-up, with 57 treated and 183 not treated with IV iron. At baseline, ret-He, positively correlated with Hb (Spearman correlation (rho)=0.365, P Despite the limitations of the biochemical markers outlined above, we performed ROC analysis assessing the value of RET-He in identifying iron deficiency as defined by serum ferritin IV iron administration was associated with significant increases in Hb, MCV, MCH, RET-He, serum ferritin, iron and TSAT, whereas in the no-IV iron cohort, there was a small reduction in RET-He and small increases in MCV and MCH, with no significant variations in Hb and in the other parameters. Serum ferritin was below 30 ng/mL in 18/57 (32%) of the patients requiring IV iron and in 19/183 (10.4%) of those not requiring iron at visit 1. These values changed to 4/57 (7%) (P=0.002) and 23/183 (13%) (P=0.623) at visit 2, respectively. Regression analysis for Hb response following IV iron showed that baseline RET-He values are predictive of Hb response, with every unitary increase in RET-He corresponding to a blunting of the Hb change by -0.19 g/dl (95% CI: -0.27, -0.11; P 1.0 g/dl, with sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 78%. The Figure presents data for the 21/57 patients who had RET-He The present data show that an abnormally low ret-He value ( Download : Download high-res image (155KB) Download : Download full-size image Figure 1 . Disclosures Auerbach: AMAG: Research Funding; Sysmex: Research Funding. Brugnara: American Journal of Hematology: Other; Sysmex America Inc.: Consultancy.