cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Vicious vs. virtuous cycles of turn negotiation in American-Japanese telecollaboration: is silence a virtue?

ABSTRACTThis study analyzes the conversational styles of two dyads who engaged in a semester-long, video-mediated telecollaboration between Japan and America. While one dyad expressed the greatest satisfaction and developed the autonomy to continue the project beyond the curricular requirement, the other dyad expressed the greatest frustration, requiring a pedagogical intervention. To examine how the two dyads’ different experiences could be attributed to turn negotiation patterns, the English portion of the second interaction session was analyzed. The results showed that for the unsuccessful dyad, silence, which was used by the Japanese EFL learner as a contextualization cue, triggered the American student’s hyperexplanation to get the Japanese partner involved in conversation. However, such a high-involvement strategy, only resulted in producing fewer opportunities for the Japanese partner to contribute to the conversation (i.e. vicious cycle). In contrast, successful turn negotiation of the other dyad ...
The Role of Information Technology

This chapter examines security along the information supply chain which coexists with the more familiar supply chain of tangible items. After an examination of how value is added to collected data, the issue of cybersecurity is discussed. Cyberspace is a new frontier for criminals and some of their techniques which lead to theft and damage are discussed. Appraisal is made of some of the electronic systems and devices used to lock down infrastructure (both physical and informational) and track vehicles, items, and people in motion along a supply chain. Since the technology generates a lot of data, there are challenges faced by businesses and government. The most important concerns how to collect and analyze the data in order to make informed decisions. This challenge is discussed in the context of supply chain security.
Leveling Up Your Game: The Use of Video Games as a Therapeutic Modality

ABSTRACTThis article introduces and begins to explore the use of video game technology in a therapeutic setting, providing context, rationale, and an introduction to the culture of video game players. Through the lens of play therapy, authors seek to create an awareness of the potential effectiveness of video games as a means of fostering safe self-exploration for the client. An introductory course on gaming culture and terminology is offered to better aid in the therapist’s integration and facilitation of this new modality into practice.
Tunable Signal-Off and Signal-On Electrochemical Cisplatin Sensor

We report the first electrochemical cisplatin sensor fabricated with a thiolated and methylene blue (MB)-modified oligo-adenine (A)-guanine (G) DNA probe. Depending on the probe coverage, the sensor can behave as a signal-off or signal-on sensor. For the high-coverage sensor, formation of intrastrand Pt(II)-AG adducts rigidifies the oligo-AG probe, resulting in a concentration-dependent decrease in the MB signal. For the low-coverage sensor, the increase in probe-to-probe spacing enables binding of cisplatin via the intrastrand GNG motif (N = A), generating a bend in the probe which results in an increase in the MB current. Although both high-coverage signal-off and low-coverage signal-on sensors are capable of detecting cisplatin, the signal-on sensing mechanism is better suited for real time analysis of cisplatin. The low-coverage sensor has a lower limit of detection, wider optimal AC frequency range, and faster response time. It has high specificity for cisplatin and potentially other Pt(II) drugs and...
The origins of infants’ fairness concerns and links to prosocial behavior

Concerns about fairness are central to mature moral judgments. We review research regarding the origins of a sensitivity to distributive fairness, and how it relates to early sharing. Infants' sensitivity to fairness appears to be commensurate with that of school-age children: infants notice violations to fairness norms and evaluate individuals based on their fair or unfair behavior. However, it may differ in other ways: there is no evidence that infants punish unfair individuals. Sharing behavior plays a role in both the developmental emergence of, and subsequent individual differences in, infants' fairness concerns. These results motivate novel questions, such whether infants can entertain other models of fairness, whether infants' socio-moral concerns hang together, and the relationship early fairness sensitivities and later fair behavior.
Risk Factors for Obesity in Children and Adults

Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine whether modifiable lifestyle factors such as eating habits, physical activity, and screen-viewing time, as well as ethnicity, sex, and family income level, were associated with obesity in children and adults and whether the associations differed across age groups. Participants The data were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010. Results Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used, with obesity (defined as a body mass index of >30 kg/m for adults and ≥95th percentile for children of the same age and sex) as the outcome variable. For children, screen-viewing (TV/computer) time was the only significant factor; in contrast, for adolescents, eating habits were the only significant predictor. For young and middle-aged adults, lack of physical exercise and time spent in sedentary activities were the determinants of obesity, whereas for older adults, both eating habits and physical activity measures were related to obesity. Conclusions Distinct lifestyle factors have significant associations with obesity in different age groups, and this study underscores the need for age-specific intervention programs to address the obesity epidemic.
Translator’s Introduction

Tran Duc Thao was born September 16, 1917 in Thai Binh, in what would later become North Vietnam. He left for France in 1963 where he pursued his philosophical studies. It was then and there that he met Sartre, Merleau-Ponty and Jean Cavailles who introduced him to the philosophy of Husserl. In 1941–1942, under the direction of Cavailles, Thao did his doctoral dissertation on the Husserlian method, and under the strong influence of Merleau-Ponty deviated from common interpretations which made of Husserlian phenomenology a doctrine of eternal essences to a philosophy of temporality, of historical subjectivity and universal history. For, as Husserl used to say, “inner temporality is an omnitemporality, which is itself but a mode of temporality.”
Workplace Skill Accumulation and its Impact on Earnings and Labor Mobility: The U.S. Experience

This paper shifts the discussion in this conference from issues related to human capital creation provided by formal education, to the determinants and outcomes of human capital accumulation that occurs in the workplace after formal schooling has been completed. In recent years this type of human capital creation has received an increasing amount of attention in the U.S. for three main reasons. First, growing international competition has forced firms around the world to identify ways in which they can increase the productivity of their labor inputs. Since labor productivity growth has been much slower in the U.S. than in other countries policies which might stimulate higher productivity growth in the U.S. are viewed as crucial for economic competitiveness. Second, rapid changes in technology, especially in the area of information technology, have resulted in the massive retraining of workers and substantial changes in the skill requirements of workers. This has been felt in all sectors but particularly in industries such as telecommunications. Finally, changing work organizations associated with the switch to “just-in-time” production from “just-in-case” production has resulted in workers rotating through a wider number of jobs. Consequently, they are being trained on-the-job in a wider set of skills. In addition, as firms decrease the number of layers within the organization and push more decisions down on to the line, workers need to have broader abilities to take on these new responsibilities.
Increasing student compliance with teacher instructions using telepresence robot problem-solving teleconsultation

ABSTRACTMany of the services provided by school psychologists are provided through a consultative framework. Teleconsultation represents one possible effective and acceptable model of service provi...
Metalloproteinases and osteoarthritis

There are currently more than 250 known proteases dependent on zinc or other metal atoms for their catalytic activity. If we restrict these to endopeptidases (proteinases) found in humans and other mammals, we can reduce this number to about 75. Metalloproteinases of interest in cartilage metabolism and degradation fall mostly within the Clan MA - zinc proteases with two ligands in the sequence HEXXH and a third ligand that is either Glu or His. The members of this clan dependent on a third His residue constitute the metzincins (10 families) of which Family 10 - the collagenase family - and Family 12 - the astacin family - are of major interest. Family 10 contains the matrixin subfamily, which includes some 25 different matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which can digest almost all known components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Family 12 has two subfamilies: an astacin subfamily, which includes procollagen C-peptidase, and the reprolysin or adamalysin subfamily, which includes the ADAMs (a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain) and the ADAMTSs (thrombospondin-like domains). There are 30 ADAMS, about half of which possess protease activity. There are currently nine ADAMTSs, of which - 4 and -5 are aggrecanases. Information about these clans, families and enzymes can be found on the web at www.merops.co.uk.
The Case of Planned Parenthood’s Campaign against Unintended Teen Pregnancy and Childbearing

The Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA) provides a benchmark against which other causes in the nonprofit sector might measure the applicability of marketing to their programs. In particular, the PPFA has demonstrated how in-depth research and surveys can translate into a meaningful strategy for the social marketing of ideas, which in this case have to do with a highly sensitive and controversial subject—human sexuality and teen pregnancies. Planned Parenthood has always been divided on the subject of whether providing family planning services to teens free of charge makes it more or less likely that teens will use the service effectively. Planned Parenthood has always engaged in a mix of advocacy and direct services programs for people in need of reproductive health care. PPFA's affiliates provide direct services to hundreds of thousands of teens. Planned Parenthood currently is designing a long-term, overarching campaign aimed at making Americans "sexually literate.".
A cross-sectional assessment of statistical knowledge among pharmacy faculty.

Abstract Introduction The debate about the optimal level of research methods incorporated in doctor of pharmacy curricula is ongoing. Yet relatively little has been published about the research-based knowledge of the faculty in these programs. This study seeks to assess pharmacy faculty members' knowledge of fundamental statistical concepts. Methods A cross-sectional survey included a random sample of US-based pharmacy schools. Invitations were sent to faculty in each selected pharmacy school to participate in the online survey comprised of demographic questions and a multiple-choice statistics knowledge assessment covering eight fundamental biostatistics concepts. Each question had three answer options, with an additional fourth ‘opt-out’ option for those wishing to avoid guessing. Results The random sample of selected pharmacy schools resulted in email invitations sent to 2036 faculty from 30 pharmacy schools. The final study sample consisted of 139 pharmacy faculty members with a mean of 10.2 years of experience as a faculty member. Over 95% of pharmacy faculty reported that they read peer-reviewed scientific journal articles, while nearly 99% said the understanding of statistics was either ‘somewhat important’ (35%) or ‘very important’ (64%) in their role as a researcher. Pharmacy faculty achieved a mean of 5.1 correct responses out of eight knowledge-based questions. Conclusions Pharmacy faculty provided correct responses to 64% of the items about fundamental statistical concepts. These study results are useful for making decisions about biostatistics education and curriculum content, particularly as pharmacy programs continue to incorporate a prominent role for research.
Patient Selection in SBRT and SRS

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) techniques can deliver highly conformal ablative doses of radiotherapy to relative small target volumes. These techniques are associated with excellent rates of local disease control, even for relatively radioresistant tumor histologies. A critical aspect of treatment planning is the selection of those patients who would benefit from SBRT/SRS treatment. Factors such as tumor histology, systemic disease control, patient performance status as well as radiation dose, target volume/location, and radiosensitivity of surrounding organs at risk (OARs) are all important considerations in this process. The purpose of this chapter is to review criteria for patient selection and associated radiotherapy techniques for the most commonly encountered tumors amenable to SBRT/SRS.
Effects of Cultivar and Distillers Grains Supplementation on Grazing and Subsequent Finishing Performance of Stocker Steers Grazing Tall Fescue Pasture

Four hundred thirty-two yearling steers grazing tall fescue pastures were used to evaluate the effects of fescue cultivar and dried distillers grains (DDG) supplementation during the grazing phase on available forage, grazing gains, subsequent finishing gains, and carcass characteristics. Fescue cultivars evaluated were highendophyte ‘Kentucky 31’ and low-endophyte ‘Kentucky 31,’ ‘HM4,’ and ‘MaxQ.’ Steers were either fed no supplement or were supplemented with DDG at 1.0% body weight per head daily in 2009 or 0.75% of body weight per head daily in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014 while grazing. Steers that grazed pastures of lowendophyte ‘Kentucky 31,’ ‘HM4,’ or ‘MaxQ’ gained significantly more (P 0.05). Subsequent finishing gains were similar (P > 0.05) among fescue cultivars in 2009, 2012, 2013, and 2014; however, steers that previously grazed highendophyte ‘Kentucky 31’ had greater (P > 0.05) finishing gains than those that had grazed ‘HM4’ or ‘MaxQ’ in 2010 and greater (P < 0.05) finishing gains than those that grazed low-endophyte ‘Kentucky 31’ or ‘HM4’ in 2011. Supplementation of grazing steers with DDG supported a higher stocking rate and resulted in greater (P < 0.05) grazing gain, gain/a, and overall daily gain and reduced the amount of fertilizer needed by providing approximately 60 lb/a, 50 lb/a, 50 lb/a, 30 lb/a, 40 lb/a, and 40 lb/a of nitrogen (N) in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively, primarily from urine of grazing cattle.
Promoting Transport Kinetics in Li-Ion Battery with Aligned Porous Electrode Architectures.

Developing scalable energy storage systems with high energy and power densities is essential to meeting the ever-growing portable electronics and electric vehicle markets, which calls for developme...
Improving Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency in Subsurface Drip-Irrigated Cotton in the Desert Southwest

Declining water availability in the American Southwest continues to generate interest in efficient subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production. Fertigating urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) at low rates with high frequency is an important advantage of SDI. However, N fertilizer management guidelines, specific to SDI cotton are lacking. A 3-yr study was conducted on a Casa Grande sandy loam soil in Maricopa, AZ, USA to test a pre-plant soil profile NO3 test algorithm and a canopy reflectance approach to manage in-season N fertilizer for SDI cotton. Treatments included soil test-based N management, reflectance-based N management, and zero-N at 100 % ET irrigation replacement. A second irrigation level of 70 % ET replacement included just the soil test-based N and zero-N treatments. The five treatments were replicated three times. Soil test-based N treatments received from 172 to 224 kg N ha-1, and reflectance-based N amounts were 112 to 158 kg N ha-1. Nitrogen recovery efficiency (RE) of UAN-N was high with 24 fertigations during 6 wk between first square and mid bloom, ranging from 58 to 93 %. The isotope dilution method estimated similar RE in 2017. Residual post-harvest soil NO3-N was notable only with 70 % irrigation. Lint and seed yields were significantly reduced with the 70 % irrigation treatment compared to 100 % irrigation. The key result of this study is that reflectance-based N management saved 17 to 112 kg N ha-1 without reducing lint yields, compared to the soil test-based N treatment.
"To Be a Man is Not Easy!": Music and Masculinity in Northern Ghana

Precipitated by chronic unemployment and decreased agricultural production in recent years, men throughout northern Ghana are increasingly finding themselves unable to live up to financial and moral expectations traditionally associated with masculinity. Some effects of the "crisis of masculinity" for Dagbamba communities have been the fracturing of traditional family structures and losses of male authority, with negative consequences for women who must assume greater financial burdens and domestic responsibilities. Through critical analyses of music/dance performances of Dagbamba warriors, ethnographic interviews, and the gendered nature of everyday experiences in Tamale, Ghana, this paper explores the relationship between constructions of masculinity and performances of traditional music. Drawing on research in Ghana's Northern Region over an eight-year period, I will ask how contemporary conceptions of manhood are constructed, reinforced, and negotiated through traditional music performances. This paper offers ethnographically-derived insight into the musical construction of masculinity, while challenging over-determined notions of power/resistance through a critical evaluation of traditional musical performances as sites for the negotiation of ideas about gender and power in contemporary Africa.
Broadening Participation in Computing: The Critical Role of Community Colleges

By 2026, the number of computing-related job openings in the US are expected to reach 3.5 million [1]. Yet even with an enrollment booming in many 4-year college computing programs, institutions of higher education have been unable to produce enough graduates to meet this growing demand. In addition, women and racial/ethnic minority students continue to be underrepresented in computing majors further reducing the potential computing workforce. Community colleges, because of their mission to serve their local communities, tend to have more diverse student populations. Yet, to date, they have not been considered a critical partner in the conversation on broadening participation in computing (BPC). To fill this gap, universities and community colleges need to work more collaboratively to bridge the workforce and diversity gaps [2]. In this BOF, participants will discuss strategies and resources for community colleges to participate more fully in the BPC community. Topics may include pathways from community colleges to 4-year computing programs, improving institutional culture to support advancement, providing role models so that students are encouraged to see themselves in computing, and strategies to recruit, retain, and motivate diverse students.
Characterization of sleep habits and medication outcomes for sleep disturbance in children and adults with Angelman syndrome

The objectives of this study were to characterize the sleep habits of 50 clinically referred individuals with Angelman syndrome (AS) and to retrospectively compare the effectiveness/tolerability of the three most commonly prescribed sleep medications in the sample. An experienced physician assigned a Clinical Global Impressions-Severity scale (CGI-S) score for each subject's AS-specific symptoms. Caregivers completed the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ; screen for sleep problems in school-aged [4-10 years] children), a screening assessment for sleep problems. Caregivers provided information about medication trials targeting disturbed sleep, with the physician assigning a CGI-Improvement scale (CGI-I) score for each trial. Linear regression showed significant negative association between age and CSHQ score. In their lifetime, 72% of participants had taken a medication for sleep, most commonly melatonin, clonidine and trazodone. The majority continued these for 6 months or longer. With these medications, many demonstrated significant improvement in sleep disturbances, with no difference in odds of improvement between medications. Disturbed sleep was common in this cohort and significantly worse in younger-aged participants. The majority received at least one medication trial for disturbed sleep and each of the most commonly prescribed medication was effective for a substantial percentage of participants. Most participants remained on medication for at least 6 months, suggesting favorable tolerability.
Prepared but unprepared: a qualitative study of provider perspectives on the preparation and adjustment of U.S. families who internationally adopt children with HIV

An increasing number of U.S. families are adopting children with HIV born outside the country. This exploratory qualitative study seeks to understand providers’ perspectives on international adopte...
An Application of Deviance Regulation Theory to Organ Donation Promotion

Deviance regulation theory proposes that when a behavior is seen as common, a loss-frame message should be more effective; conversely, when a behavior is seen as uncommon, a gain-frame message shou...
lra: the Long Read Aligner for Sequences and Contigs

It is computationally challenging to detect variation by aligning long reads from single-molecule sequencing (SMS) instruments, or megabase-scale contigs from SMS assemblies. One approach to efficiently align long sequences is sparse dynamic programming (SDP), where exact matches are found between the sequence and the genome, and optimal chains of matches are found representing a rough alignment. Sequence variation is more accurately modeled when alignments are scored with a gap penalty that is a convex function of the gap length. Because previous implementations of SDP used a linear-cost gap function that does not accurately model variation, and implementations of alignment that have a convex gap penalty are either inefficient or use heuristics, we developed a method, lra, that uses SDP with a convex-cost gap penalty. We use lra to align long-read sequences from PacBio and Oxford Nanopore (ONT) instruments as well as de novo assembly contigs. Across all data types, the runtime of lra is between 52-168% of the state of the art aligner minimap2 when generating SAM alignment, and 9-15% of an alternative method, ngmlr. This alignment approach may be used to provide additional evidence of SV calls in PacBio datasets, and an increase in sensitivity and specificity on ONT data with current SV detection algorithms. The number of calls discovered using pbsv with lra alignments are within 98.3-98.6% of calls made from minimap2 alignments on the same data, and give a nominal 0.2-0.4% increase in F1 score by Truvari analysis. On ONT data with SV called using Sniffles, the number of calls made from lra alignments is 3% greater than minimap2-based calls, and 30% greater than ngmlr based calls, with a 4.6-5.5% increase in Truvari F1 score. When applied to calling variation from de novo assembly contigs, there is a 5.8% increase in SV calls compared to minimap2+paftools, with a 4.3% increase in Truvari F1 score.
Redesign of hydrophobic quantum dots mitigates ligand-dependent toxicity in the nematode C. elegans

Abstract Surface properties of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have been shown to influence their interaction with biological systems. However, studies to date have largely focused on hydrophilic materials, likely due to biocompatibility concerns and aqueous exposure conditions necessary for many model systems. Therefore, a knowledge gap exists in nanotoxicity literature for impacts of hydrophobic ENMs, with studies of hydrophobic materials largely limited to carbon ENMs. Here we demonstrate testing of hydrophobic quantum dots (QDs) using the nematode C. elegans, a model soil organism cultured on solid media and amenable to hydrophobic exposures. To evaluate the influence of hydrophobicity, we compared CdSe/ZnS QDs functionalized with hydrophobic trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) to identical QDs functionalized with hydrophilic dihydrolipoic acid-polyethylene glycol (DHLA-PEG) and alternative hydrophobic CdSe/ZnS QDs functionalized with oleic acid (OA). Results show that hydrophobic TOPO QDs are significantly more toxic than hydrophilic DHLA-PEG QDs, and substitution of TOPO with OA yields relatively non-toxic hydrophobic QDs. Fluorescence microscopy shows TOPO QDs loosely associated with the organism's cuticle, but atomic force microscopy shows no difference in cuticle structure from exposure. Importantly, TOPO ligand alone is as toxic as TOPO QDs, and our data suggests that TOPO may impact neuromuscular function, perhaps upon displacement from the QD surface. This study demonstrates the importance of examining ligand-specific impacts of hydrophobic ENMs and indicates OA-functionalized QDs as a potential alternative to TOPO QDs for reduced toxicity.
Health Disparities Associated with Females Reporting Human Papillomavirus Infection in the United States

Few studies provide detailed findings about the health disparities of women being told by a physician whether they have ever had a human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. This study sought to charact...
Personal Reflections on Shared Identity and Contemporary Relationships of Mutual Support and Intersectional Solidarity of Rwandan Tutsi and Jewish Human Rights Advocates

This article is a qualitative case study of the relationships being formed between Jews and Rwandan Tutsis and the ways in which six individuals, four Tutsis and two Jews involved in advocating for...
Tracking and quantifying focal adhesion kinase and paxillin at lamellipodial protrusion in migrating endothelial cells (696.5)

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin are involved in focal adhesion (FA) disassembly and formation, which can regulate cell migration, intracellular signaling, and remodeling of actin filaments. We used time-lapse double-color imaging to monitor concurrently the spatial-temporal dynamics of FAK and paxillin in live endothelial cells (ECs) co-transfected with GFP-FAK and DsRed-paxillin, and the fluorescence intensities (FI) of paxillin and FAK at FAs were determined in cell front, center and rear. The mean FAK/Paxillin FI ratio is highest at cell front (mean±SEM: 4.73±0.48), near 1 at cell center (0.95±0.11), and lowest at cell rear (0.64±0.05) (P<0.01). Determination of the time difference between the assemblies of FAK and paxillin at FAs in lamellipodial protrusion (LP) showed that FAK assembly occurs ahead of that of paxillin at individual FAs. Computational analysis indicates that FAK reaches its maximum intensity earlier than paxillin by about 4 min. The assembly of FAK is at LP ahead of paxillin ...
Induced Rotation in 3D Simulations of Core Collapse Supernovae: Implications for Pulsar Spins

It has been suggested that the observed rotation periods of radio pulsars might be induced by a non-axisymmetric spiral-mode instability in the turbulent region behind the stalled supernova bounce shock, even if the progenitor core was not initially rotating. In this paper, using the three-dimensional AMR code CASTRO with a realistic progenitor and equation of state and a simple neutrino heating and cooling scheme, we present a numerical study of the evolution in 3D of the rotational profile of a supernova core from collapse, through bounce and shock stagnation, to delayed explosion. By the end of our simulation ($\sim$420 ms after core bounce), we do not witness significant spin up of the proto-neutron star core left behind. However, we do see the development before explosion of strong differential rotation in the turbulent gain region between the core and stalled shock. Shells in this region acquire high spin rates that reach $\sim$$150\,$ Hz, but this region contains too little mass and angular momentum to translate, even if left behind, into rapid rotation for the full neutron star. We find also that much of the induced angular momentum is likely to be ejected in the explosion, and moreover that even if the optimal amount of induced angular momentum is retained in the core, the resulting spin period is likely to be quite modest. Nevertheless, induced periods of seconds are possible.
Developing and Deploying Advanced Algorithms to Novel Supercomputing Hardware

The objective of our research is to demonstrate the practical usage and orders of magnitude speedup of real-world applications by using alternative technologies to support high performance computing. Currently, the main barrier to the widespread adoption of this technology is the lack of development tools and case studies that typically impede non-specialists that might otherwise develop applications that could leverage these technologies. By partnering with the Innovative Systems Laboratory at the National Center for Supercomputing, we have obtained access to several novel technologies, including several Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) systems, NVidia Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), and the STI Cell BE platform. Our goal is to not only demonstrate the capabilities of these systems, but to also serve as guides for others to follow in our path. To date, we have explored the efficacy of the SRC-6 MAP-C and MAP-E and SGI RASC Athena and RC100 reconfigurable computing platforms in supporting a two-point correlation function which is used in a number of different scientific domains. In a brute force test, the FPGA based single-processor system has achieved an almost two orders of magnitude speedup over a single-processor CPU system. We are now developing implementations of this algorithm on other platforms, including one using a GPU. Given the considerable efforts of the cosmology community in optimizing these classes of algorithms, we are currently working to implement an optimized version of the basic family of correlation functions by using tree-based data structures. Finally, we are also exploring other algorithms, such as instance-based classifiers, power spectrum estimators, and higher-order correlation functions that are also commonly used in a wide range of scientific disciplines.
Cystathionine Synthase in Tissue Culture Derived from Human Skin: Enzyme Defect in Homocystinuria

Fibroblasts derived from normal human skin and from cells in amniotic fluid and grown in tissue culture have cystathionine synthase activity. Skin from homocystinuric patients gives rise to fibroblast lines with normal activities of methionine-activating enzyme, but with very low or undetectable cystathionine synthase activity. Thus, the enzyme lesion in homocystinuria is demonstrable in readily available human cells. Neither cystathionine synthase nor methionine-activating enzyme could be detected in intact normal skin.
Social work Education and Students with Disabilities: Implications of Section 504 and the ADA

Abstract This article addresses major educational issues related to the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Because students with disabilities are entering higher education in ever larger numbers, and with greater expectations for accommodation than those of a generation ago, social work educators and administrators should be aware of the implications of these two statutes and relevant case law for admissions, classroom accommodations, and field placements.
Management of sensory-motor activity in mobile robots

Consideration is given to the management of conflicting demands on the use of the motor units of the robot from the active sensors and manipulatory processes. An operating-system-like facility is introduced for managing the conflicting motor requests produced by multiple active sensing and manipulation tasks. A proposed implementation of this sensory-motor management facility based on the input-output-timed-automata (IOTA) abstraction is introduced. The IOTA abstraction is general enough to allow the enforcement of temporal constraints and to permit the specification and modification of task priorities based on the goals and current state of the robot. The IOTA-based sensory-motor operating system acts as a scheduler for various motor requests submitted by the active sensor and manipulation systems. The sensory-motor system is more general than the subsumption architecture of R. Brooks (1986) and can implement in a straightforward fashion alteration of priorities. >
P-66: Wet Chemical Metallization for High-End Flat Panel Display Manufacturing

Recently the use of Copper as a conductor material for Thin Film Transistor (TFT) structures has received increasing attention in the Flat Panel Display industry [1, 2]. Since sputtering of thick Cu layers has serious disadvantages Flat Panel Display (FPD) manufacturers are considering wet chemical Cu deposition as a viable process alternative. Depending on the required film properties like conductivity and surface roughness either electroless or electrolytical Copper deposition can be applied.
Digoxin-induced decrease in intraocular pressure in the cat.

Abstract A constant intravenous infusion of digoxin (2 μg/kg/min) to α-chloralose-anesthetized cats produced a progressive decrease in intraoular pressure with increasing doses of digoxin between 60 μg/kg and drug-induced ventricular arrhythmia which occured at a mean dose of 172 μg/kg. Digoxin elicited a 40% decrease in intraocular pressure just prior to ventricular arrhythmia compared to a decrease of only 10% with a control infusion of diluent in the same animal ( P P > 0.1) between changes in blood pressure and heart rate observed in the experimental versus the control infusions. The decrease in intraocular pressure may result from inhibition of the Na-K-ATPase in the ciliary body.
The Multiple Scattering of Fast Electrons

An extensive cloud-chamber investigation of the scattering of fast electrons (3-11 Mev) by foils of various elements has been completed. The foils were of such thickness that the resultant average deflection was due chiefly to many deflections through small angles. This fact makes possible a comparison with two recent theories of multiple scattering. The results indicate that, for elements at either end of the atomic number scale, the scattering is less than predicted by theory. For elements of intermediate atomic numbers, there is good agreement with theory. An attempt was made to detect the effect of crystal size on scattering. The results were negative within our limits of error, and, if such an effect exists, it must be small.
Protein Aging by Carboxymethylation of Lysines Generates Sites for Divalent Metal and Redox Active Copper Binding: Relevance to Diseases of Glycoxidative Stress

Aging and age-related diseases are associated with the production of reactive oxygen species which modify lipids, proteins and DNA. Here we hypothesized the glyco- and lipoxidation product N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) in proteins should bind divalent and redox active transition metal binding. CML-rich poly-L-lysine and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were chemically prepared and found to bind non-dialyzable Cu(2+), Zn(2+) and Ca(2+). CML-BSA-copper complexes oxidized ascorbate and depolymerized protein in the presence of H(2)O(2). CML-rich tail tendons implanted for 25 days into the peritoneal cavity of diabetic rats had a 150% increase in copper content and oxidized ascorbate three times faster than controls. CML-rich proteins immunoprecipitated from serum of uremic patients oxidized four times more ascorbate than control and generated spin adducts of DMPO in the presence of H(2)O(2). The chelator DTPA suppressed ascorbate oxidation thereby implicating transition metals in the process. In aging and disease, CML accumulation may result in a deleterious vicious cycle since CML formation itself is catalyzed by lipoxidation and glycoxidation.
Implantable wireless microsystems for the measurement of intraocular pressure

Wireless microelectronic systems designed for implantation within the eye are being developed to enable non-contact, high-accuracy and continuous recording of intraocular pressure (IOP). These microsystems will revolutionize the treatment and understanding of glaucoma by increasing the frequency and accuracy of IOP measurements. Past development of such systems has been focused on Radio Frequency (RF) based, transistor-less, resonant LC-tank systems, utilizing capacitive pressure sensors. However, complex external-wireless interfaces have limited implementation. To address this, RFID-based passive radio architectures incorporating DAQ systems and MEMS pressure sensors have been developed. One such system, using a load-modulated bi-directional RFID reader combined with a custom RFID transponder composed of a MEMS pressure sensor, FRAM memory chip, and mixed-signal CMOS, has been demonstrated, but is limited to 2.5 cm read range. A new 915 MHz system under development extends operating range closer to 100 cm. Power is derived from an energy harvesting system containing a RF-to-DC converter and a voltage multiplier circuit connected to a voltage regulator. An oscillator tied to the pressure sensor performs pressure sensing in real time. The electrically small antenna fits into an area less than 10mm by 10mm. (Wireless implant, intraocular pressure sensor, glaucoma)
In utero development of central ANG-stimulated pressor response and hypothalamic fos expression.

Abstract Central renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is as important as the peripheral RAS in the control of the cardiovascular homeostasis in the adult. However, previous fetal studies on angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced cardiovascular responses focused exclusively on the peripheral side. Thus, few data exist characterizing the in utero development of central angiotensin-mediated pressor responses. The present study determined cardiovascular responses to central application of ANG II in the chronically prepared near-term ovine fetus, and determined the action sites marked by c-fos expression in the fetal hypothalamus following intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of ANG II in utero. ANG II significantly increased fetal systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) within 5 min after injection of this peptide into the brain. Adjusted fetal MAP against amniotic pressure was also increased by icv ANG II, associated with increased c-fos in the central putative cardiovascular area—the paraventricular nuclei (PVN). Application of ANG II also induced intense c-fos expression in the supraoptic nuclei (SON), accompanied by a significant increase of fetal plasma vasopressin (AVP) levels, while maternal blood pressure (BP) and plasma AVP concentration were not changed. These results indicate that the central ANG II-mediated pressor response is functional at the last third of gestation, acting at the sites consistent with the cardiovascular neural network in the hypothalamus.
Modeling zoned shock effects on stochastic degradation in dependent failure processes

This article studies a system that experiences two dependent competing failure processes, in which shocks are categorized into different shock zones. These two failure processes, a stochastic degradation process and a random shock process, are dependent because arriving shocks can cause instantaneous damage on the degradation process. In existing studies, every shock causes an abrupt damage on degradation. However, this may not be the case when shock loads are small and within the tolerance of system resistance. In the proposed model, only shock loads that are larger than a certain level are considered to cause abrupt damage on degradation, which makes this new model realistic and challenging. Shocks are divided into three zones based on their magnitudes: safety zone, damage zone, and fatal zone. The abrupt damage is modeled using an explicit function of shock load exceedances (differences between load magnitudes and a given threshold). Due to the complexity in modeling these two dependent stochastic fail...
Situaciones difíciles en la hipertensión

La hipertension resistente o refractaria es aquella en la que no se consigue el objetivo de control tensional a pesar de la prescripcion de los cambios de estilo de vida adecuados y de un tratamiento farmacologico que incluya tres farmacos antihipertensivos, uno de ellos diuretico, a dosis adecuadas. Las causas de dicha refractariedad son diversas, y entre ellas destacan la seudorrefractariedad o seudorresistencia, la falta de cumplimiento del tratamiento por parte del paciente, la inercia clinica, la prescripcion de dosis o combinaciones inadecuadas de farmacos o la presencia de hipertension secundaria no diagnosticada. En la presente revision se analizan estos aspectos.
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: A Potent Inducer of δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Synthetase

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, a toxic contaminant frequently formed during the synthesis of the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, was shown to be a potent inducer of hepatic delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase in the chick embryo. As little as 4.66 x 10(-12) mole of the contaminant per egg produces a significant increase in the activity of the enzyme. Induction of the enzyme is related to the dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and, in contrast to that produced with other drugs, is prolonged in time, with 70 percent of the maximum induced activity present 5 days after a single dose. This contaminant is implicated as the likely causative agent in an outbreak of porphyria cutanea tarda in workers in a factory where 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid was being synthesized.
The induction by mutation of all-year-round flowering in Streptocarpus

A mutant form of Streptocarpus cv. Constant Nymph has been induced by X-irradiation, which shows a drastic change in its flowering habit. whereas the original form flowers under long-day conditions the mutant flowers under both long- and short-day conditions. The relative performance of these two genotypes in defined growth-room conditions and under natural short-days in the glasshouse is described, as well as the response of the plants to certain growth hormones.
Parallel Mutual Information Based Construction of Genome-Scale Networks on the Intel®Xeon Phi™ Coprocessor

Construction of whole-genome networks from large-scale gene expression data is an important problem in systems biology. While several techniques have been developed, most cannot handle network reconstruction at the whole-genome scale, and the few that can, require large clusters. In this paper, we present a solution on the Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor, taking advantage of its multi-level parallelism including many x86-based cores, multiple threads per core, and vector processing units. We also present a solution on the Intel® Xeon® processor. Our solution is based on TINGe, a fast parallel network reconstruction technique that uses mutual information and permutation testing for assessing statistical significance. We demonstrate the first ever inference of a plant whole genome regulatory network on a single chip by constructing a 15,575 gene network of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana from 3,137 microarray experiments in only 22 minutes. In addition, our optimization for parallelizing mutual information computation on the Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor holds out lessons that are applicable to other domains.
A short proof of Ramanujan's famous 1 ψ 1 summation formula

Abstract We present a new proof of Ramanujan's 1 ψ 1 summation formula.
Epoxide hydrase activity and its relationship to development in the southern armyworm, Prodenia eridania.

Abstract Enzymatic epoxide hydration of the cyclodiene insecticide HEOM by the southern armyworm was investigated throughout the late larval, pupal and adult stages of development. Epoxide hydrase activity reaches a maximum in the period between ecdysis of the last instar and the larval-pupal ecdysis, decreases during pupal life and becomes essentially zero following adult emergence. Comparison was made with variations occurring in juvenile hormone hydrase activity, and the significance of these age-dependent changes in relation to regulation of insect development are discussed.
An HCI Approach to Computing in the Real World

We describe the implementation of a six-week course to teach Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) to high school students. Our goal was to explore the potential of HCI in motivating students to pursue future studies in related computing fields. Participants in our course learned to make connections between the types of technology they use in their daily lives and the design processes that went into creating these technologies. We suggest that by portraying computing through the lens of HCI, as an innovative, creative, and challenging field with authentic, real-world applications, we may be able to motivate students to become more interested in computing.
Neutron evaporation spectra

Abstract Thin targets of Ni, Rh, Ta and Au were bombarded with protons of energies between 6 and 12 MeV. Neutrons emitted at angles up to 140° were observed. The neutron spectra were studied by time-of-flight spectroscopy. Except for Ni, continuous spectra resulted which had a Maxwellian energy distribution. The nuclear temperature showed, however, an anomalous increase with bombarding energy. Results consistent with the statistical theory could be obtained in the case of Rh by taking into account the energy dependence of the inverse reaction cross section.
Prenatal identification of a novel R937P L1CAM missense mutation.

The L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is a protein encoded by a gene that has been localized to Xq28, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of neuronal cell adhesion molecules, and plays a ...
The effects of interactive mechanical and biochemical niche signaling on osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells using combinatorial hydrogels

Stem cells reside in a multi-factorial environment containing biochemical and mechanical signals. Changing biochemical signals in most scaffolds often leads to simultaneous changes in mechanical properties, which makes it difficult to elucidate the complex interplay between niche cues. Combinatorial studies on cell-material interactions have emerged as a tool to facilitate analyses of stem cell responses to various niche cues, but most studies to date have been performed on two-dimensional environments. Here we developed three-dimensional combinatorial hydrogels with independent control of biochemical and mechanical properties to facilitate analysis of interactive biochemical and mechanical signaling on adipose-derived stem cell osteogenesis in three dimensions. Our results suggest that scaffold biochemical and mechanical signals synergize only at specific combinations to promote bone differentiation. Leading compositions were identified to have intermediate stiffness (∼55kPa) and low concentration of fibronectin (10μg ml(-1)), which led to an increase in osteocalcin gene expression of over 130-fold. Our results suggest that scaffolds with independently tunable niche cues could provide a powerful tool for conducting mechanistic studies to decipher how complex niche cues regulate stem cell fate in three dimensions, and facilitate rapid identification of optimal niche cues that promote desirable cellular processes or tissue regeneration.