cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Scaling Deep Learning workloads: NVIDIA DGX-1/Pascal and Intel Knights Landing

Abstract Deep Learning (DL) algorithms have become ubiquitous in data analytics. As a result, major computing vendors – including NVIDIA, Intel, AMD, and IBM – have architectural road maps influenced by DL workloads. Furthermore, several vendors have recently advertised new computing products as accelerating large DL workloads. Unfortunately, it is difficult for data scientists to quantify the potential of these different products. This paper provides a performance and power analysis of important DL workloads on two major parallel architectures: NVIDIA DGX-1 (eight Pascal P100 GPUs interconnected with NVLink) and Intel Knights Landing (KNL) CPUs interconnected with Intel Omni-Path or Cray Aries. Our evaluation consists of a cross section of convolutional neural net workloads: CifarNet, AlexNet, GoogLeNet, and ResNet50 topologies using the Cifar10 and ImageNet datasets. The workloads are vendor-optimized for each architecture. We use sequentially equivalent implementations to maintain iso-accuracy between parallel and sequential DL models. Our analysis indicates that although GPUs provide the highest overall performance, the gap can close for some convolutional networks; and the KNL can be competitive in performance/watt. We find that NVLink facilitates scaling efficiency on GPUs. However, its importance is heavily dependent on neural network architecture. Furthermore, for weak-scaling – sometimes encouraged by restricted GPU memory – NVLink is less important.
Fracture and Embolization of Distal Guide Catheter During Neuroendovascular Intervention

Background Embolic strokes mainly result from cardiac or vascular origins, but there are instances when they can arise from iatrogenic foreign bodies. Catheter coatings or retained microcatheters are mainly implicated in foreign body embolism following neuroendovascular intervention. However, there are no known descriptions for free-floating and/or dislodged microcatheter fragments in the literature. Case Description We report the clinical details, imaging findings, and management of a 69-year-old woman who underwent elective pipeline embolization of an incidental right paraophthalmic artery aneurysm and suffered distal embolization of the radiopaque marker from a distal guide catheter (088 Neuron Max, Penumbra, Alameda, California, USA) used during neuroendovascular intervention. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of distal embolism from an unprovoked fracture of a neurointerventional catheter. Conclusions Knowledge of several salvage techniques is essential in preventing major cerebrovascular complications. It is imperative that a multilevel approach should be taken when treating foreign body embolism.
Caianiello and Neural Nets

Weare gathered here today to celebrate the life and scientific career of Professor Eduardo Caianiello. It is my task to present and assess one small area of his work – neural nets. I first met Professor Caianiello many years ago when he visited the University of Chicago. After writing my thesis on neural nets, I subsequently workedwith Professor Caianiello on various occasions at the Laboratorio di Cibernetica and at the University of Salerno. Hence my discussion will be biased by personal recollections and should count more as scientific heritage rather than as strict history.
Enantioselective total synthesis of decytospolide A and decytospolide B using an Achmatowicz reaction

Enantioselective syntheses of decytospolide A and decytospolide B are described here. The current synthesis highlights an Achmatowicz rearrangement of an optically active furanyl alcohol followed by reduction of the resulting dihydropyranone hemiacetal with BF3·OEt2 and Et3SiH to provide the saturated tetrahydropyranyl alcohol directly. This reduction was investigated with a variety of other Lewis acids. The synthesis also features Noyori asymmetric transfer hydrogenation and Friedel–Crafts acylation. Overall, the synthesis provides ready access to the natural products and may be useful in the preparation of bioactive derivatives.
Lighting IoT Test Environment (LITE) Platform: Evaluating Light-Powered, Energy HarvestingEmbedded Systems

As interest in the Internet of Things (IoT) grows, so does the requirement for distributed sensing, computation, and communication. Some projections reach a scale of over a trillion wireless devices, which creates a battery replacement challenge that is unsustainable for both human resources (replacement effort) and the environment (disposal). One field of research that strives to meet this challenge is energy harvesting (EH) for self-powered systems. Photovoltaic (PV) cells enable EH capabilities and provide high energy density. They are also typicallyinexpensive, often making them the transducer of choice for self-powered systems. However, theperformance of these EH nodes is rarely evaluated under realistic IoT environmental conditionssuch as variable indoor lighting. Under low light, PV cells draw very little power and could place the selfpowered system in a standby or even nonfunctional state. Most evaluations of EH systems in various lighting environments use software simulations to predict the behaviour of these nodes, but approximate models lack the exactness required to help with verification of hardware in real conditions. Another approach is user testing in the field, but this arduous solution would incur a variety of costs. This paper presents a third alternative: the Lighting IoT Test Environment (LITE) platform. The LITE platform is a tool that provides insight on how light-powered EH systems operate in low lighting environments. The LITE platform is able to physically emulate a variety of indoor and outdoor lighting sources with a novel mapping technique and provide time-series, environmental simulation of that source on a device under test (DUTThe light source emulation and time-series simulation capabilities are characterized with a worst case mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 3.2% and MAPE of 0.5%, respectively. By enabling engineers to accurately understand how these self-powered systems work under real world conditions, the LITE platform will better equip them to design, debug, and distribute fully functional and sustainable IoT nodes.
Social Perception of Facial Color Appearance for Human Trichromatic Versus Dichromatic Color Vision.

Typical human color vision is trichromatic, on the basis that we have three distinct classes of photoreceptors. A recent evolutionary account posits that trichromacy facilitates detecting subtle skin color changes to better distinguish important social states related to proceptivity, health, and emotion in others. Across two experiments, we manipulated the facial color appearance of images consistent with a skin blood perfusion response and asked participants to evaluate the perceived attractiveness, health, and anger of the face (trichromatic condition). We additionally simulated what these faces would look like for three dichromatic conditions (protanopia, deuteranopia, tritanopia). The results demonstrated that flushed (relative to baseline) faces were perceived as more attractive, healthy, and angry in the trichromatic and tritanopia conditions, but not in the protanopia and deuteranopia conditions. The results provide empirical support for the social perception account of trichromatic color vision ev...
Policy Brief—The Need for More (Not Less) External Review of Economic Analysis at the U.S. EPA

AbstractUnder President Donald Trump, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has made significant changes to the way it conducts economic analyses of regulatory actions. Changes in the assu...
Researching the Appropriateness of Care in the Complementary and Integrative Health Professions: Part 3: Designing Instruments With Patient Input

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this article is to describe how we designed patient survey instruments to ensure that patient data about preferences and experience could be included in appropriateness decisions. These actions were part of a project that examined the appropriateness of spinal manipulation and mobilization for chronic low back pain and chronic neck pain. Methods We conducted focus groups, cognitive interviews, a literature review of measures in prior chiropractic and complementary and integrative health research, and a pilot study to develop questionnaires of patient preferences, experiences, values, and beliefs. Results Questionnaires were administered online to 2024 individuals from 125 chiropractic clinics. The survey included 3 long questionnaires and 5 shorter ones. All were administered online. The baseline items had 2 questionnaires that respondents could complete in different sittings. Respondents completed shorter biweekly follow-ups every 2 weeks and a final questionnaire at 3 months. The 2 initial questionnaires had 81 and 140 items, the 5 biweekly follow-up questionnaires had 37 items each, and the endline questionnaire contained 121 items. Participants generally responded positively to the survey items, and 91% of the patients who completed a baseline questionnaire completed the endpoint survey 3 months later. We used “legacy” measures, and we also adapted measures and developed new measures for this study. Preliminary assessment of reliability and validity for a newly developed scale about coping behaviors indicates that the items work well together in a scale. Conclusions This article documents the challenges and the efforts involved in designing data collection tools to facilitate the inclusion of patient data into appropriateness decisions.
Peering into the Darkness

My favorite research organism is the crayfish. This animal has a wide range of interesting behaviors, and their aggressive interactions are far more entertaining than anything seen on nature shows. Crayfish, and generally most crustaceans, seem to always be in a fighting mood. So, they are excellent models to study social and fighting behaviors. The reason I chose to start working on crayfish was the immense role that chemical signals play in crayfish behavior. These animals use chemicals to make just about every decision that an animal needs to make. Hunting, fighting, and avoiding predators all depend on a suite of chemicals put forward either by themselves, their opponents, predators, or prey. Mating and finding shelter are also heavily guided and influenced by subtle chemicals in the lakes and streams in which crayfish are found.
Acorn Processing and Pottery Use in the Upper Great Lakes: An Experimental Comparison of Stone Boiling and Ceramic Technology

The adoption of pottery in the Upper Great Lakes region occurs quite late compared to the greater Eastern Woodlands. Recent organic residue analyses suggest that the earliest pottery in the Upper G...
Comparing EMG-Based Human-Machine Interfaces for Estimating Continuous, Coordinated Movements

Electromyography (EMG)-based interfaces are trending toward continuous, simultaneous control with multiple degrees of freedom. Emerging methods range from data-driven approaches to biomechanical model-based methods. However, there has been no direct comparison between these two types of continuous EMG-based interfaces. The aim of this study was to compare a musculoskeletal model (MM) with two data-driven approaches, linear regression (LR) and artificial neural network (ANN), for predicting continuous wrist and hand motions for EMG-based interfaces. Six able-bodied subjects and one transradial amputee subject performed (missing) metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and wrist flexion/extension, simultaneously or independently, while four EMG signals were recorded from forearm muscles. To add variation to the EMG signals, the subjects repeated the MCP and wrist motions at various upper extremity postures. For each subject, the EMG signals collected from the neutral posture were used to build the EMG interfaces; the EMG signals collected from all postures were used to evaluate the interfaces. The performance of the interface was quantified by Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) and the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) between measured and estimated joint angles. The results demonstrated that the MM predicted movements more accurately, with higher r values and lower NRMSE, than either LR or ANN. Similar results were observed in the transradial amputee. Additionally, the variation in r across postures, an indicator of reliability against posture changes, was significantly lower (better) for the MM than for either LR or ANN. Our findings suggest that incorporating musculoskeletal knowledge into EMG-based human-machine interfaces could improve the estimation of continuous, coordinated motion.
Diagnostic Tests for Concussion

A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury that is a clinical diagnosis, relying on a combination of symptoms and objective findings. Understanding available diagnostic tests for the sideline and office setting is critical for primary care clinicians. Each concussion and each patient are unique; therefore having a wide range of diagnostic tests is necessary to detect deficits in different domains. Primary care clinicians and qualified healthcare professionals evaluating concussions can utilize this information to develop their armamentarium for concussion diagnosis and management. This chapter features a case-based approach to cover a wide range of diagnostic tests encompassing symptom scores, Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC), balance testing, vestibular ocular motor screen (VOMS), eye-tracking tests and devices, Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT5) and Pediatric SCAT5, orthostatic vital signs, and Buffalo Treadmill Test. After an introduction to these diagnostic tests, the evidence supporting their use is presented.
Existing Actin Filaments Orient New Filament Growth to Provide Structural Memory of Filament Alignment during Cytokinesis

During cytokinesis, animal cells rapidly remodel the equatorial cortex to build an aligned array of actin filaments called the contractile ring. Local reorientation of filaments by equatorial contraction is thought to underlie the emergence of filament alignment during ring assembly. Here, combining single molecule analysis and modeling in one-cell C. elegans embryos, we show that filaments turnover is far too fast for reorientation of single filaments by equatorial contraction/cortex compression to explain the observed alignment, even if favorably oriented filaments are selectively stabilized. Instead, by tracking single Formin/CYK-1::GFP speckles to monitor local filament assembly, we identify a mechanism that we call filament-guided filament assembly (FGFA), in which existing filaments serve as templates to guide/orient the growth of new filaments. We show that FGFA sharply increases the effective lifetime of filament orientation, providing structural memory that allows slow equatorial contraction to build and maintain highly aligned filament arrays, despite rapid turnover of individual filaments.
Elastic NaxMoS2-Carbon-BASE Triple Interface Direct Robust Solid-Solid Interface for All-Solid-State Na-S Batteries.

The developments of all-solid-state sodium batteries are severely constrained by poor Na-ion transport across incompatible solid-solid interfaces. We demonstrate here a triple NaxMoS2-carbon-BASE nanojunction interface strategy to address this challenge using the β″-Al2O3 solid electrolyte (BASE). Such an interface was constructed by adhering ternary Na electrodes containing 3 wt % MoS2 and 3 wt % carbon on BASE and reducing contact angles of molten Na to ∼45°. The ternary Na electrodes exhibited twice improved elasticity for flexible deformation and intimate solid contact, whereas NaxMoS2 and carbon synergistically provide durable ionic/electronic diffusion paths, which effectively resist premature interface failure due to loss of contact and improved Na stripping utilization to over 90%. Na metal hosted via triple junctions exhibited much smaller charge-transfer resistance and 200 h of stable cycling. The novel interface architecture enabled 1100 mAh/g cycling of all-solid-state Na-S batteries when using advanced sulfur cathodes with Na-ion conductive PEO10-NaFSI binder and NaxMo6S8 redox catalytic mediator.
The National Academy of Medicine Should Convene a New "Future of Public Health"

The immediate reaction to these attacks was a substantial infusion of funding for public health preparedness and response through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), beginning with the Public Health Emergency Preparedness Cooperative Agreement with states and the Hospital Preparedness Program 1 This immediate response, though, preceded any overarching public health planning and was followed by our human tendencies to forget: the peak funding for public health emergency preparedness was fiscal year (FY)2002 ($940 million) and for the Hospital Preparedness Program, FY2003 ($515 million), and both have been on a steady decline since 1 During this 2001 through 2020 time frame, we have seen the establishment, then dismantling, of a long list of emergency preparedness and response initiatives, including the Centers for Public Health Preparedness, Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Centers, and the Preparedness Emergency Response Research Centers 2 The United States seems incapable of keeping memory alive enough to influence the mundane work of maintaining preparedness, even when we fully accept the truth that another event will come The Committee on Assuring the Health of the Public in the 21st Century had been convened by the Institute ofMedicine (now, National Academy of Medicine [NAM]) to build on the 1988 report and to "forecast alternative scenarios for the status of population health in the United States in the coming decade"4(pxiii) Although the recommendations from The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century were undoubtedly influenced by the events of 9/11, the short-term and midrange responses to and planning after 9/11 were not a central feature on this report A call to the NAM to lead the planning for reimagining public health is time critical and necessary for us to get the right mix of ingredients to improve the public's health
Application of Optical Genome Mapping For Comprehensive Assessment of Chromosomal Structural Variants for Clinical Evaluation of Myelodysplastic Syndromes

ABSTRACT Structural chromosomal variants [copy number variants (CNVs): losses/ gains and structural variants (SVs): inversions, balanced and unbalanced fusions/translocations] are important for diagnosis and risk-stratification of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Optical genome mapping (OGM) is a novel single-platform cytogenomic technique that enables high-throughput, accurate and genome-wide detection of all types of clinically important chromosomal variants (CNVs and SVs) at a high resolution, hence superior to current standard-of-care cytogenetic techniques that include conventional karyotyping, FISH and chromosomal microarrays. In this proof-of-principle study, we evaluated the performance of OGM in a series of 12 previously well-characterized MDS cases using clinical BM samples. OGM successfully facilitated detection and detailed characterization of twenty-six of the 28 clonal chromosomal variants (concordance rate: 93% with conventional karyotyping; 100% with chromosomal microarray). These included copy number gains/losses, inversions, inter and intra-chromosomal translocations, dicentric and complex derivative chromosomes; the degree of complexity in latter aberrations was not apparent using standard technologies. The 2 missed aberrations were from a single patient within a composite karyotype, below the limit of detection. Further, OGM uncovered 6 additional clinically relevant sub-microscopic aberrations in 4 (33%) patients that were cryptic by standard-of-care technologies, all of which were subsequently confirmed by alternate platforms. OGM permitted precise gene-level mapping of clinically informative genes such as TP53, TET2 and KMT2A, voiding the need for multiple confirmatory assays. OGM is a potent single-platform assay for high-throughput and accurate identification of clinically important chromosomal variants.
From all my teachers I have grown wise, and from my students more than anyone else: What lessons can the US learn from broadband policies in Europe?

/ Rooted in what are already disparate programs of regulatory intervention, the European Union and the United States have identified differently their current challenges in telecommunications policy. This study describes the development of both regulatory frameworks through their philosophical roots and ideological transitions demonstrating how, on the one hand, American influences have affected the European policy language, but, on the other, the European policies have better implemented the same policies and as a result are being seen as contributing to higher levels of broadband penetration. This time around, it seems that attending to the strengths of the European process may help policy-makers in the US reformulate their own home-grown policies.
Data-Driven Retrospective Cost Adaptive Control for Flight Control Applications

Unlike fixed-gain robust control, which trades off performance with modeling uncertainty, direct adaptive control uses partial modeling information for online tuning. The present paper combines ret...
Barcode scanning of human milk and enteral formulas improves efficiency and patient safety: A 7-year review.

Background Safe handling of human milk (HM) and enteral formulas for patients of all ages is critical in healthcare. Barcode scanning is commonly used to reduce errors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of barcode scanning for HM and formulas on patient safety. Methods Scanning is used at the time of feeding preparation for HM, facility-prepared formulas, and ready-to-feed enteral formulas for patients of all ages to confirm the feeding matches the provider order, record lot numbers, and ensure expired items are not used. HM feedings are scanned at the time of administration and discharge to ensure the correct milk is being provided to the correct patient. All formulas dispensed as samples to hospital inpatients and outpatients are scanned to record patient and product information in the event of a recall. Results Seven-year data showed that scanning has prevented HM misadministration 1226 times. Data for 2 and a half years of fortifier and formula scanning show 480 errors have been prevented. The results show benefits for both patient safety and staff efficiency. Conclusion The benefits of barcode scanning systems in healthcare are well documented. Beyond the scanning of HM, scanning of fortifiers and formulas can improve patient safety by preventing misadministration for patients of all ages. Systems that offer features such as calculating fortified HM and formula recipes, tracking product lot numbers, and verifying correct products to the provider order can further improve safety as well as efficiency.
On the Directionality of Interfacial Cracking in Bicrystals and the Loading Phase Angle Dependence

Experimental evidence on the direction and loading phase angle dependence of interfacial cracking in bicrystals of Cu and Fe-Si alloys, and in metal/sapphire bimaterial systems, is presented. The response of a stressed interfacial crack depends not only on the structure of the interface, but also on the direction of the crack propagation and the local loading conditions. This directionality of interfacial cracking and the loading phase angle effect seem explainable in terms of the competition between dislocation emission from the crack tip and decohesion of the interface, and relate to the asymmetrical angular orientation of slip planes relative to the interface.
Analysis and Design of 3-D Potentiostat for Deep Brain Implantable Devices

We present the analysis and design of a 3-D potentiostat, an important part of the next generation of the deep brain implantable devices. The potentiostat with interfacing electrochemical sensor comprises a system for measurement of the concentration of the neurotransmitter molecules. We first introduce the architecture of a 2-D potentiostat implemented as the first-order incremental current-sensing sigma–delta converter. The fabricated design demonstrates a 100 fA sensitivity with dynamic range spanning through six orders of magnitude. The same architecture is transferred into 3-D technology with separate tiers for the analog and digital circuitry. The analysis of the 3-D design reveals that the sensitivity is limited by the TSV-related noise coupling.
Towards an Embodied and Situated AI.

Real-time perception through experimental manipulation is developed using the robot arm to facilitate perception, or else exploiting human/robot social interactions (such as with a caregiver) so that the human changes the world in which it is situated, enhancing the robot’s perceptions. Contrary to standard supervised learning techniques relying on a-priori availability of training data segmented manually, actions by an embodied agent are used to automatically generate training data for the learning mechanisms, so that the robot develops categorization autonomously. This framework is demonstrated to apply naturally to a large spectrum of computer vision problems: object segmentation, visual and cross-modal object recognition, object depth extraction and localization from monocular contextual cues, and learning from visual aids – such as books. The theory is corroborated by experimental results.
Probing Membrane Protein Structure and Dynamics by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Applications of fluorescence spectroscopy to biomolecules, with focus on membrane proteins, are discussed in this article. A broad range of molecular insights can be gained with this simple technique because the emission properties of a chromophore are typically sensitive to the environment. The intensities and maximum wavelengths of steady-state fluorescence spectra are used to elucidate the thermodynamics of membrane protein folding, monitor the extent of solvent exposure of chromophores, determine the depths of insertion into synthetic bilayers, probe the degree of rotational freedom in solvent-exposed and buried regions, and measure the evolution of distances between donor and acceptor moieties. We also address some of the challenges associated with fluorescence measurements of integral membrane proteins. An important goal is to provide a practical guide for laboratory measurements as well as examples of analyses related to membrane protein structure and dynamics.
A model-object based expert system for real-time intelligent control of chemical processes

A supervisory control expert system with object-based knowledge representation has been developed such that the general knowledge confined to classes and subclasses forms a core knowledge base which can be used as primitives for rapid prototyping of intelligent control systems for various chemical processes. The expert system is embedded in an application program and communicates with the control system structured in the form of control blocks. The expert system prototype is developed for retuning model-based controllers to improve the controlled behavior of a packed-bed chemical reactor system. The knowledge base of the model-object-based expert control system captures the complex structure and interdependencies of process control systems into a compact form that includes structure, declarative and heuristic relationships, and procedural and model based knowledge. >
Abstract P124: My Unlimited Potential: Achieving Weight, Fitness And Cardio-metabolic Health Objectives Using A 12-week, Multicomponent, Behavioral Intervention

Background: With about 59% of the entire US population currently in the work force, American Heart Association has emphasized worksite-based interventions to improve cardiovascular health among the working population. The primary aim of this study was to assess the short-term (12 weeks) efficacy of an ongoing multi-component, behavioral intervention improvement program (My Unlimited Potential (myUP), among employees of Baptist Health South Florida (BHSF), a large not-for-profit health care system. Methods: BHSF employees with two or more Cardio-metabolic risk factors, such as total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl, systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, hemoglobin A1C ≥ 6.5%, and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 were considered for the study. Behavioral interventions were focused on diet and physical activity modifications. Results: Overall 202 (48±10 years, 78% females) employees enrolled in myUP wellness program. The retention of subjects was high with 89% (n=181) of subjects followi...
Fatty acid oxidation in isolated rat liver mitochondria: Developmental changes and their relation to hepatic levels of carnitine and glycogen and to carnitine acyltransferase activity

Abstract Prompted by an apparent relationship between ketosis and fatty acid utilization, we studied the capacities for fatty acid oxidation through β-oxidation and Krebs cycle in liver mitochondria isolated from fetal and suckling rats. Rates of state 3 oxidation, as measured by oxygen consumption, were low for both palmitylcarnitine and palmityl CoA plus carnitine at 2 days before term and at birth, but increased at least ninefold during the first 8 days of life and at least sixfold during the remaining suckling period. Despite these sharp increases, oxygen consumption in suckling rats did not exceed the value for fed adult rats. Also, the rates of state 3 oxidation of succinate were low in suckling rats. Respiratory control indices, determined with each of the three substrates, were lower in suckling rats than fed adults. By contrast, ratios of fatty acyl ester to succinate oxidation, a relative measure of the oxidation of palmitylcarnitine and palmityl CoA, were 21–66% and 27–77% higher in suckling than in fed adult rats. The increased ratios indicate that the capacity for fatty acid oxidation is higher during postnatal development than in the fetal stage or adulthood. The oxidation capacity was inversely related to glycogen content in the liver. Although hepatic carnitine concentration and carnitine palmityltransferase activity increased during suckling period, they are not rate limiting for fatty acid oxidation. Studies of the partitioning of fatty acids showed that about two-thirds of the fatty acid oxidized through β-oxidation did not enter Krebs cycle for further oxidation. These results support our working hypothesis that ketosis of suckling rats stems from rapid oxidation of fatty acids and increased partitioning of acetyl CoA into ketogenesis.
Dissociation constants of carboxylic acids by 13C-NMR in

Abstract Measurements on eighteen 13COOH-labeled acids, including hydrogen-bonded and non-hydrogen-bonded standards are self-consistent and suggest strongly that the aqueous pKas of bilirubin are within the normal range for aliphatic carboxylic acids. Our empirical observations provide further evidence that the 13C-NMR method is valid when suitable buffers, DMSO concentrations and extrapolations are used and refute recent suggestions to the contrary.
Sexual Harassment And Public Accounting: Anecdotal Evidence From The Profession

This article reports on anecdotal evidence gathered from a recent survey of women public accounting professionals. Stanko and Schneider (1999) conducted the first national survey on sexual harassment in the public accounting profession and Stanko et al followed up with a more recent 2009 study. In this paper, the anecdotal evidence gathered from the Stanko et al study is reported on. Analysis of written comments is important in that many respondents spent a great deal of time providing comprehensive and concise professional comments on specific recent experiences involving sexual harassment, rather than simply checking a box. The findings of this study show sexual harassment remains a serious concern, and that sexual discrimination in the workplace is a concern as well. Although preventive measures have been put in place, these measures may not be working as well as intended, suggesting that public accounting firms need to revisit this issue to manage risk.
Nonhyperelastic Nature of an Elastomeric High Strain Material

Rubber materials have mostly been modeled by utilizing hyperelasticity, which have led to greater understanding and acceptable predictability of their stress-strain response. However, inherent inelastic behavior excluded by approximation has never been characterized by time-dependent parameters such as time, strain-rate, and strain history. We hypothesized that time, stretch rate, and stretch history were prominent factors that induce the inelasticity, and we characterized the inelasticity in terms of those factors using a randomized stretch-controlled testing protocol. We applied the custom randomized testing protocol with the fundamental statistical theory to characterize inelastic behavior imbedded in the high strain material. We hypothesized that time spent testing (T), rate-related stretch history (H t2 ), and long-term stretch history (H t1 ) give rise to the inelastic deviation from hyperelasticity. We examined the significance, effectiveness, and differences of T, H t2 , and H t1 by looking at the derived multivariable linear regression models. Distribution of prediction deviation was also examined to see if we missed any other significant variable. Predictability of the multivariable linear regression models was validated by utilizing the unused data from the randomized testing protocol and data from the conventional cyclic testing protocol. We found that the inelasticity of the rubber-like material is highly related to T, H t2 , and H t1 , but not equally influential to all stretches. At smaller deformations, greater inelastic deviation occurs. Inelasticity exponentially decreased over stretch and was nonlinearly related to time. This study successfully determined the elastic/inelastic responses and factors that induce the inelastic response of the rubber-like material. This investigation suggests a way to better describe the elastic/ inelastic properties and phenomenological models of rubber-like materials.
Erotic arguments and persuasive acts: discourses of desire and the rhetoric of female-to-male drag.

SUMMARY This chapter analyzes the October 21,2000 drag king performance by Mildred Gerestant, a.k.a. Dred. Arguing that her act appropriates, embodies, and manipulates certain ideological discourses of desire and identity, the article studies the shape and force of Dred's performative arguments and illuminates how a drag king act can not only tease and titillate the addressed audience (the actual people who watched the show) but also hail the invoked audience (the audience called upon, imagined, or made possible by the performance). Arguing that, as a rhetorical act, Dred's performance offers a purposeful discourse about gender, race, and power, this chapter ultimately explores how a rhetorical analysis of FTM drag elucidates the complex relationship between the rhetor, performance, and audience. More specifically, it shows how a rhetor's performance of non-normative identity and engagement with discourses of desire has the potential to unmask the hegemonic effects of language and power and to unsuture th...
On-The-Fly Neutron Doppler Broadening in MCNP

Multi-physics calculations may involve coupling continuous-energy Monte Carlo neutronics codes to CFD codes that provide many thousands or even millions of region temperatures. The traditional Monte Carlo approach – using precalculated Doppler broadened nuclear cross-sections – is not feasible for these large multiphysics problems. Instead, an On-the-Fly (OTF) Doppler broadening methodology is required, whereby neutron cross-sections are broadened during the Monte Carlo transport. To this end, we have developed a methodology for MCNP to provide OTF broadening based on cell temperatures during neutron tracking. The method enables the use of many thousands or more temperatures in MCNP Monte Carlo calculations for multiphysics applications, significantly advancing the state-of-the-art by permitting the solution of problems that were not previously possible with continuous-energy Monte Carlo codes. A production library with an extended set of isotopes has been developed for use with MCNP6. Calculations of test problems with MCNP6 and the new library demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the OTF approach.
Cerebral imaging in eclampsia: magnetic resonance imaging versus computed tomography.

Abstract OBJECTIVES : Our objectives were to study the cerebral pathophysiology of eclampsia with the noninvasive technique of magnetic resonance imaging to compare the ability of magnetic resonance imaging to detect cerebral abnormalities in eclampsia with that of computed tomography. STUDY DESIGN : Twenty-four patients with eclampsia received both magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic scanning. RESULTS : Forty-six percent of the magnetic resonance imaging was abnormal and 33% of the computed tomography was abnormal. This higher incidence of abnormal magnetic resonance imaging scans was present in spite of the fact that they were obtained significantly longer after the patient's seizure activity. The most common abnormalities were corticol, subcortical, and white matter edema. CONCLUSION : Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic scan abnormalities in eclampsia are usually similar. Cerebral imaging is not necessary in patients with uncomplicated eclampsia. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992;167:935–41.)
Health-promoting behaviours in public health: testing the health promotion model.

A health-promoting lifestyle encompasses far more than preventing disease and is characterised by behaviours that lead to optimal well-being, self actualisation, and personal fulfillment. This study was undertaken to investigate the health-promoting lifestyles of employees working in local public health departments (n=602) and to test two research hypotheses suggested by the Health Promotion Model. The first hypothesis posited that public health professionals would report significantly more favourable health-promoting behaviours than support staff employed in the same departments. The second hypothesis postulated that occupational discipline in public health would be a significant predictor of health-promoting behaviours. Health- promoting behaviours were measured by the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), a psychometrically-validated measure of overall health-promoting lifestyle and six dimensions of health-promoting behaviours, which comprise the instrument subscales. The findings of the study te...
X-Ray Study of Anharmonic Vibrations in Calcium Fluoride

From temperature-dependent x-ray integrated intensity measurements on single crystals of calcium fluoride, we have demonstrated the presence of anharmonic fluorine-atom vibrations. For the cubic term in the single-particle fluorine potential we arrive at a value of $\ensuremath{\beta}=\ensuremath{-}(4.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ erg/${\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{3}$. The experimentally determined temperature factors at 25\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C are ${B}_{\mathrm{Ca}}(\ensuremath{\equiv}8{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{2}{〈{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{s}^{2}〉}_{\mathrm{Ca}})=0.525\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01$ ${\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}$ and ${B}_{\mathrm{F}}=0.787\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$ ${\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}$.
"Medical McCarthyism": the physicians forum and the cold war.

En 1938, un groupe de medecins crea un forum pour discuter des soins medicaux et de l'economie, mais son role fut rapidement inhibe en 1950 par ce que Ernst Boas appela le McCarthysme medical. L'A. decrit cette atmosphere ainsi que l'impact sur l'activite des medecins
Air Density Measurements in a Mach 10 Wake Using Iodine Cordes Bands

An exploratory study designed to examine the viability of making air density measurements in a Mach 10 flow using laser-induced fluorescence of the iodine Cordes bands is presented. Experiments are performed in the NASA Langley Research Center 31 in. Mach 10 air wind tunnel in the hypersonic near wake of a multipurpose crew vehicle model. To introduce iodine into the wake, a 0.5% iodine/nitrogen mixture is seeded using a pressure tap at the rear of the model. Air density was measured at 56 points along a 7 mm line and three stagnation pressures of 6.21, 8.62, and 10.0 MPa (900, 1250, and 1450 psi). Average results over time and space show rho(sub wake)/rho(sub freestream) of 0.145 plus or minus 0.010, independent of freestream air density. Average off-body results over time and space agree to better than 7.5% with computed densities from onbody pressure measurements. Densities measured during a single 60 s run at 10.0 MPa are time-dependent and steadily decrease by 15%. This decrease is attributed to model forebody heating by the flow.
Exploiting correlations between link flows to improve estimation of average annual daily traffic on coverage count segments : Methodology and numerical study

A method is developed for exploiting correlations among segment flows that result from common origin-destination (O-D) path flows when average annual daily traffic (AADT) is being estimated on highway segments sampled with coverage counts. The method, which can be used with only two daily traffic volumes on the coverage count segment, is based on generalized least squares estimation of AADT, rather than on ordinary least squares estimation, which is traditionally used. The focus is on the correlation between the volumes on a single coverage count segment and a single segment equipped with a continuous automatic traffic recorder (ATR). The performance of this correlation-based method is compared with that of the traditional method through use of thousands of simulated O-D flow replications that are assigned on a small network to determine segment flows. The correlation-based method markedly outperforms the traditional method when the volume on the coverage count segment is highly correlated with that on the ATR segment. When the correlation between the volumes on the coverage count and ATR segments is low, the performance of the two methods is similar. It is expected that future developments for exploiting correlations between volumes on coverage count segments and multiple ATR segments will improve performance further.
Coastal Trapped Waves in a Baroclinic Ocean

Abstract Coastal-trapped waves are studied in a two-layered, non-flat shelf model. Internal Kelvin wave and quasi-geostrophic waves appear as eigenmodes of the system. The latter reduce to the familiar barotropic shelf waves only in the limit of vanishing stratification. With strong stratification, i.e., where the internal Kelvin wave phase speed is larger than the phase speed of the quasi-geostrophic wave, quasi-geostrophic waves are bottom-trapped. Resonant coupling occurs when the two types of waves have compatible phase speeds; in this case, the relative amplitude distribution of the resonant modes is very sensitive to the change of the baroclinic radius of deformation. Implications of this work for the study of shelf water response to external disturbances are briefly discussed.
High temperature deformation behavior of physical vapor deposited Ti-6Al-4V

Abstract A detailed study has been conducted of the high temperature creep and microstructural evolution accompanying the creep deformation of an initially nanocrystalline Ti-6Al-4V alloy. For test temperatures of 600 and 680°C the alloy transformed from an (α + α′) to a single phase α during creep testing and exhibited exceptionally low creep resistance. During testing between 760 and 900°C, the alloy transformed to a conventional (α + β) microstructure and exhibited up to ten times the creep rates of conventional grain size (superplastic) Ti-6Al-4V. Creep models based on grain boundary sliding, dislocation and diffusional creep were combined with relationships for phase evolution and grain growth to predict stress—strain rate relationships at each test temperature. The analysis indicates that in the low temperature region dislocation accommodated GBS, in conjunction with diffusional flow, are responsible for creep whilst in the high temperature region diffusion accommodated GBS is the dominant mechanism.
Effects of haloperidol and physostigmine on self-administration of local anesthetics.

Abstract Four rhesus monkeys were maintained under a FR 10 schedule of cocaine (0.1 mg/kg) or procaine (0.4 or 1.6 mg/kg) delivery. Haloperidol (0.01–0.08 mg/kg), physostigmine (0.0125–0.1 mg/kg) or saline treatments were administered prior to sessions in which responding was maintained by each of these drugs. Haloperidol produced dose-related increases in the self-administration of cocaine and dose-related decreases in the self-administration of both doses of procaine. Physostigmine produced dose-related decreases in the self-administration of both cocaine and procaine. These results suggest that the reinforcing properties of cocaine are specifically modified by drugs which interact with catecholamines. On the other hand, it seems unlikely that the reinforcing properties of procaine are mediated by the same mechanism. While the results of this experiment indicate that cholinergic mechanisms may not play a major role in mediating the reinforcing properties of either drug, additional studies with other cholinergic agonists and particulary antagonists as well as additional procedures are needed.
Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy in 99 Patients With a Mean Follow-up of 5 Years

Background The safety and practicality of nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) are controversial.
DYNAMIC SETTLEMENT PROCESSES: THE CASE OF US IMMIGRATION*

Immigration settlement patterns are examined within a pooled cross-section time-series framework. Trends in settlement patterns from 1970 to 1979 differentiate the immigration streams from various source areas. Certain “new'’immigrants show an increasing propensity to concentrate, while immigrants from traditional source areas deconcentrate in some cases. The analysis suggests that immigration is a dynamic process with characteristics and determinants that change over time.
Structure in Surfaces of Liquids

MR. HATSCHEK, in his interesting article in NATURE of June 11, p. 857, has shown that colloidal solutions and even the simplest suspensions of solid particles in liquids exhibit a property which is absent from all true liquids; namely, residual rigidity, or at least a coefficient of viscosity that depends upon tho rate of shear. He has advanced no explanation of this remarkable result, which would, however, appear to be just one manifestation of a general property of all surfaces involving liquids.
Binding of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein to Elongin B and C

Germ-line mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene (VHL) predispose individuals to a variety of human tumors, and somatic mutations of this gene have been identified in sporadic renal cell carcinomas and cerebellar hemangioblastomas. Two transcriptional elongation factors, Elongin B and C, were shown to bind in vitro and in vivo to a short, colinear region of the VHL protein (pVHL) that is frequently mutated in human tumors. A peptide replica of this region inhibited binding of pVHL to Elongin B and C whereas a point-mutant derivative, corresponding to a naturally occurring VHL missense mutation, had no effect. These results suggest that the tumor suppression function of pVHL may be linked to its ability to bind to Elongin B and C.