cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of Power Symmetry in Supply Chain Communication: An Empirical Examination

For the decades, firms have endeavored to collaboratively communicate and jointly create knowledge with supply chain partners, and further achieve efficient and responsive supply chain. The objective of the study is to explore the impact of power symmetry on communication and knowledge creation, and further on process efficiency and offering flexibility of supply chain. Data was collected through a Web survey of U.S. manufacturing firms. Structural equation modeling (LISREL) was used to analyze the data. The results and implications are discussed in the paper.
PL03.1 STIs - 2013: Resurgence of Early Syphilis, Persistence of High STI Morbidity and Mortality, and Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistant STIs: Implications and Potential Responses

Recent directions in clinical-epidemiologic research on STIs include (1) population-level estimates of STI prevalence (e.g., WHO’s 2011 publication of global estimates), and formal population-level surveys of STI prevalence and risk determinants; (2) analysis of global mortality and disability attributable to major diseases, including STIs (the Global Burden of Disease Study, published in the December 2012 triple issue of The Lancet); (3) conceptualization and implications of the “Treatment and Care Cascade” and the “Prevention Cascade” currently focused on HIV infection; and (4) emerging interest in Program Science, linking programme implementers and scientists in needs assessments, conceptualization, design, advocacy for funding, implementation, evaluation, cost-effectiveness, and continuous strengthening of STI/HIV programmes. The global emergence and rapid spread of anti-microbial resistant pathogens, suggests the clinical mantra of “first do no harm” to the individual patient must be mirrored in a similar public health mantra - “first do no harm” to the population. This means selective use and more systematic evaluation of the impact of antimicrobial use on human and animal pathogens and microbiomes. The reemergence of syphilis and persistence of other STIs in vulnerable populations, and the limited implementation of cost-effective interventions for STI control reflects global neglect of STI programmes, and perhaps increasing failure to effectively integrate STI, HIV/AIDS, and reproductive health programmes globally (for example, the very limited integration of HIV PMTCT with elimination of congenital syphilis programmes). Nonetheless, progress in sexual health promotion and STI control can be made possible with cost-effective use by clinicians and public health leaders of effective, available tools, such as scale up of HPV and HBV vaccines, and linked delivery of other sociobehavioral and biomedical STI interventions in vulnerable populations. Rigorous evaluation of the impact of such programmes, with assessment of what is not working as well as what is working, is essential.
Relative Susceptibility of Staphylococci to the Bacteriostatic Action of Antibiotics

SummaryVarious strains of staphylococci differ in their relative susceptibility to the bacteriostatic action of penicillin, tyrothricin, and streptothricin in vitro. The relative susceptibility to one antibiotic is not necessarily paralleled by a similar susceptibility to another antibiotic. The implications of these observations are discussed.
Shock wave propagation in weakly ionized plasmas

Shock propagation into weakly ionized gases show several features differing markedly from conventional, non-ionized gas, shock structure. Phenomenological analysis of general macroscopic features of the previously observed plasma shock effects allows only two possible interpretations: (i) existence of an energy (momentum) flux toward the wave precursor; (ii) volumetric energy release (exothermic phase transition) in the upstream portion of the wave (precursor) followed by the reverse transition in the downstream portion of the wave. It is shown that known microscopic mechanisms are not capable of producing such a flux or energy release: typical processes involving electrons, ions, and excited species do not couple strongly to neutral atoms and molecules, and there is not enough energy stored in these species because of the low ionization fraction. The theoretical basis for phase transitions in low-density nonequilibrium plasmas is also unknown. Analysis of the steady two-wave system created by either of the two effects raises a question as to whether the observed plasma shocks are stable objects. Another question raised is whether there exists phase transition within the plasma shock. Finally, the contribution of thermal nonhomogeneity of the plasma to the experimentally observed shock wave distortion remains unknown. Answering these three fundamental questions requires additional experimental and theoretical studies of the problem.
Developmental Outcomes of Using Physical Violence Against Dates and Peers.

Abstract Purpose The negative impact on adolescents of being a victim of violence is well documented, but the impact of being a perpetrator of violence is less well known. Knowing the negative outcomes of being a perpetrator could inform clinical interactions with adolescents, development of violence prevention strategies, and estimates of the societal burden of violence. This longitudinal study examined the effects of physical dating violence (DV) and peer violence (PV) perpetration on internalizing symptoms, relationships with friends and family, academic aspirations and grades, and substance use. Methods The four-wave longitudinal study (N = 3,979), conducted in two North Carolina counties over 2½ years, spanned grades 8–12. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine prospective lagged effects of each type of violence perpetration on each outcome and sex and grade as moderators of effects. Results Perpetrating DV significantly predicted lower college aspirations and greater likelihood of marijuana use. The effect of DV perpetration on increased family conflict was moderated by school grade; the effect decreased in significance across grades. Perpetrating PV significantly predicted greater likelihood of cigarette and marijuana use. The effects of PV perpetration on increased internalizing symptoms and alcohol intensity and decreased college aspirations were moderated by school grade; effects decreased in significance across grades. Neither type of perpetration predicted changes in number of reciprocated friendships, social status, or academic grades, and no effects varied by sex. Conclusions These detrimental outcomes for the perpetrator need to be considered in clinical interactions with adolescents and violence prevention programming.
Tongue strength and endurance: Comparison in active and non-active young and older adults.

AbstractPurpose: Tongue strength and endurance are important for swallowing and upper airway patency. Physical activity positively affects targeted and non-targeted skeletal muscles; however, little is known about the indirect effect of physical activity on tongue muscles. This study sought to determine if tongue muscle performance differs between highly active and non-active individuals and if such an effect varies with age.Method: Forty-eight healthy adults were divided into two age groups (24 young, 20.96 ± 3.22 years; 24 older, 65 ± 3.72 years) and further divided into highly active and non-active based on The General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire. Tongue strength (TS) and tongue endurance (TE) were obtained using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument.Result: A significant main effect of activity level on TS and TE was found. Although the main effect of age on TS and TE and age × activity level interactions were not significant, the effect of activity level on TS and TE was more pronounced i...
ChronoFab: Fabricating Motion

We present ChronoFab, a 3D modeling tool to craft motion sculptures, tangible representations of 3D animated models, visualizing an object's motion with static, transient, ephemeral visuals that are left behind. Our tool casts 3D modeling as a dynamic art-form by employing 3D animation and dynamic simulation for the modeling of motion sculptures. Our work is inspired by the rich history of stylized motion depiction techniques in existing 3D motion sculptures and 2D comic art. Based on a survey of such techniques, we present an interface that enables users to rapidly explore and craft a variety of static 3D motion depiction techniques, including motion lines, multiple stroboscopic stamps, sweeps and particle systems, using a 3D animated object as input. In a set of professional and non-professional usage sessions, ChronoFab was found to be a superior tool for the authoring of motion sculptures, compared to traditional 3D modeling workflows, reducing task completion times by 79%.
Microscale Coupling of Solidification and Flow

Morphological instability is discussed via linear and nonlinear theories. Couplings with forced flows and convecting melts are discussed in terms of physical mechanisms and mathematical descriptions. Microscale evolutions of coupled phenomena involve the development of cells, and travelling waves, and the selection of patterns and scales.
Comparison of self-report and objective measures of physical activity in US adults with osteoarthritis

To describe levels of daily physical activity and examine the extent of agreement between self-reported and objectively measured indices of physical activity, and characteristics associated with under or overestimated physical activity among persons with osteoarthritis (OA). Using cross-sectional data from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we identified 533 adults ≥45 years of age with self-reported OA who completed physical activity questionnaires and had accelerometry data collected using Actigraph AM-7164. Average daily minutes of moderate to vigorous activity and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) using self-reported and objective measures were compared across sociodemographic and clinical subgroups and Spearman's rank correlations were calculated. Differences between self-reported and objectively measured moderate to vigorous activity across various personal characteristics were also estimated. Most persons with OA were non-Hispanic white (87.9 %) and women (68.9 %) with an average age of 65 years old. Self-reported measure of daily moderate to vigorous activity was on average 7 min higher compared to objective measure (17.9 vs. 10.8 min/day). Correlations between self-reported and objective measures across sociodemographic groups were mostly weak to moderate ranging from 0.01 to 0.48. Participants with higher education and better self-reported health status were more likely to over-estimate their moderate to vigorous activity using self-reported measures. Measurement methods and sociodemographic and health factors are associated with differences in reporting physical activity among persons with OA. Future research examining relationships between physical activity and health outcomes in OA should be aware of measurement issues and differences of reporting in subgroups.
Energetics of Cu Adsorption and Adhesion onto Reduced CeO2(111) Surfaces by Calorimetry

The morphology and interfacial energetics of vapor-deposited Cu on slightly reduced CeO2(111) surfaces at 300 K have been studied using single crystal adsorption calorimetry (SCAC), He+ low-energy ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). Copper grows as three-dimensional nanoparticles with a density of ∼1013 particles/cm2 on CeO2–x(111) (x = 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2). The initial heat of adsorption of Cu decreased with the extent of reduction, showing that stoichiometric ceria adsorbs Cu more strongly than oxygen vacancies. On CeO1.95(111), the heat dropped quickly with coverage in the first 0.1 ML, attributed to nucleation of Cu clusters on stoichiometric steps, followed by the Cu particles spreading onto less favorable sites (step vacancies and terraces). Above ∼0.1 ML (>0.8 nm in diameter), the Cu adsorption energies showed no variation with extent of ceria reduction: the heat of adsorption increased slowly with coverage (particle ...
A benzothiadiazole-supported N-heterocyclic carbene and its rhodium and iridium complexes

Abstract A new N -heterocyclic carbene containing a fused benzothiadiazole (BTD) moiety, 5,7-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-5 H -imidazo[4,5- f ]-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-6-ylidene ( 1 ), was generated by deprotonation of the corresponding tetrafluoroborate salt. The salt precursor was accessed in six steps from the commercially available 1,2-phenylenediamine. This carbene was found to be stable under inert conditions and it was fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The sulfur adduct of this carbene was also synthesized and fully characterized. The X-ray structure analysis of the thione revealed that the carbene carbon and the sulfur atom deviate from the plane containing the BTD moiety and the two nitrogen atoms of the imidazole ring by 0.231 and 0.890 A, respectively. Complexes of type [MCl(COD)( 1 )] (where M = Rh and Ir) were prepared and characterized using spectroscopic and crystallographic methods. The donor strength of this new carbene was determined by IR spectroscopy ( ν av ) and cyclic voltammetry (E 1/2 ). Preliminary catalytic studies show that the new carbene is a suitable ligand for rhodium and iridium catalysts in the hydrosilylation of acetophenones.
Functional Equivalence of Retroviral MA Domains in Facilitating Psi RNA Binding Specificity by Gag.

Retroviruses specifically package full-length, dimeric genomic RNA (gRNA) even in the presence of a vast excess of cellular RNA. The “psi” (Ψ) element within the 5′-untranslated region (5′UTR) of gRNA is critical for packaging through interaction with the nucleocapsid (NC) domain of Gag. However, in vitro Gag binding affinity for Ψ versus non-Ψ RNAs is not significantly different. Previous salt-titration binding assays revealed that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag bound to Ψ RNA with high specificity and relatively few charge interactions, whereas binding to non-Ψ RNA was less specific and involved more electrostatic interactions. The NC domain was critical for specific Ψ binding, but surprisingly, a Gag mutant lacking the matrix (MA) domain was less effective at discriminating Ψ from non-Ψ RNA. We now find that Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) Gag also effectively discriminates RSV Ψ from non-Ψ RNA in a MA-dependent manner. Interestingly, Gag chimeras, wherein the HIV-1 and RSV MA domains were swapped, maintained high binding specificity to cognate Ψ RNAs. Using Ψ RNA mutant constructs, determinants responsible for promoting high Gag binding specificity were identified in both systems. Taken together, these studies reveal the functional equivalence of HIV-1 and RSV MA domains in facilitating Ψ RNA selectivity by Gag, as well as Ψ elements that promote this selectivity.
Crown-root Fracture Restoration on a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Introduction: Children with intellectual and physical disabilities including autism are susceptible to dental trauma as a sequela from falls due to poor muscular coordination. In addition, their altered muscle tonus often results in an open bite with labial flaring of the maxillary incisors and lip incompetence, predisposing these teeth to fractures. This case report describes an alternative approach of restoring a fractured maxillary permanent central incisor with a composite strip crown during surgical repositioning of the periodontium on an autistic patient. The prognosis of the incisor is guarded due to the probability of re-injury. However, the decision to maintain the tooth clinically was esthetically preferable in comparison to an extraction or decoronation.
Ultrasound gel minimizes third body debris with partial hardware removal in joint arthroplasty

Hundreds of thousands of revision surgeries for hip, knee, and shoulder joint arthroplasties are now performed worldwide annually. Partial removal of hardware during some types of revision surgeries may create significant amounts of third body metal, polymer, or bone cement debris. Retained debris may lead to a variety of negative health effects including damage to the joint replacement. We describe a novel technique for the better containment and easier removal of third body debris during partial hardware removal. We demonstrate hardware removal on a hip joint model in the presence and absence of water-soluble gel to depict the reduction in metal debris volume and area of spread.
Environmental geochemistry of technetium

Technetium-99 (99Tc) is a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 2.13 × 105 year. 99Tc is a major radionuclide contaminant of concern for the world. Therefore, detailed understanding of 99Tc environmental chemistry is important for protecting human and ecological health. Here, we review the aqueous geochemistry of 99Tc, focusing on chemical properties and behavior of 99Tc in the hydrosphere and pedosphere. We describe the general chemistry of Tc including coordination chemistry, isotope chemistry and solid-state chemistry. Then we present anthropogenic and indigenous sources of 99Tc and their environmental distribution. We also discuss the radiotoxicity of 99Tc and the use of 99Tc for medical purpose. Tc biogeochemistry is described through sorption and desorption reactions at the mineral–water interface, thermodynamic of surface complexation, abiotic and biotic redox reaction of Tc(VII). Finally, we summarize the 99Tc remediation technologies including cement waste forms, natural remediation, vitrification, nuclear waste transmutation.
Perfect Duality in Solving Geometric Programming Problems Under Uncertainty

We examine computational solutions to all of the geometric programming problems published in a recent paper in the Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications. We employed three implementations of published algorithms interchangeably to obtain "perfect duality" for all of these problems. Perfect duality is taken to mean that a computed solution of an optimization problem achieves two properties: (1) primal and dual feasibility and (2) equality of primal and dual objective function values, all within the accuracy of the machine employed. Perfect duality was introduced by Duffin (Math Program 4:125---143,1973). When primal and dual objective values differ, we say there is a duality gap.
Abstract 087: Intrarenal Ghrelin Receptor Inhibition Attenuates Angiotensin II-Dependent Hypertension In Normal Rats

Recent studies have shown that the intrarenal ghrelin receptor (GHSR) mediates distal nephron-dependent sodium (Na+) reabsorption in rats. Renal GHSR expression is increased in response to chronic high fat diet (HFD) and chronic intrarenal GHSR antagonism prevents HFD-induced hypertension. However, the role of the antinatriuretic renal GHSR in the development of other forms of hypertension is unknown. Normal female Sprague-Dawley rats (N=27) underwent uninephrectomy and telemetric blood pressure probe implantation. Following a 72h recovery, a subcutaneous osmotic minipump was inserted in the rat for the chronic systemic delivery of angiotensin II (Ang II; 200 ng/kg/min) or 5% dextrose in water (D5W) and received either bolus infusions of GHSR siRNA (15 μg x 3 over 5 days) or a second osmotic minipump for chronic intrarenal delivery of D5W (0.25 μL/h x 5 days) or GHSR antagonist [D-Lys-3]-GHRP-6 (D-LYS, 0.9 mg over 5 days). Four groups were studied: Group 1 (N=10); systemic D5W + intrarenal D5W; Group 2 (N=8): systemic Ang II + intrarenal D5W; Group 3 (N=4): systemic Ang II + GHSR siRNA (day 1, 3, 5); Group 4 (N=5): systemic Ang II + intrarenal D-LYS. While there was no change in mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the control group, systemic Ang II infusion significantly increased SBP from 126±5 to 192±2 mm Hg over 5 days (ANOVA F=47.9; P
Speckle lifetimes in high-contrast adaptive optics

The main noise source in detection of faint companions such as extrasolar planets near bright stars with AO is speckle noise--residual PSF structure caused by wavefront errors due to the atmosphere, the AO system, and static optical effects. Of these, the most fundamental are atmospheric speckles--even given infinite wavefront SNR and a perfect DM, timelag between sensing and correction will always lead to a residual atmospheric speckle pattern. There have been several suggestions as to the lifetime of these atmospheric speckles, none strongly supported by theory or simulation. We have carried out a systematic series of simulations and analysis to explore this question. We show that speckles have different behavior in the regime in which diffraction is significant (first-order speckles, which are rapidly modulated as a phase error translates across the aperture) and in the coronagraphic regime (second-order speckles, which evolve only as the phase screen completely clears the aperture.). We use simulations to analyze the behavior of speckles in a variety of regimes, showing that the second-order atmospheric speckle lifetime is almost constant irrespective of the properties of the AO system, and is set primarily by the atmospheric clearing time of the telescope aperture.
The Newest Southerners: Generational Differences in Electoral Behavior in the Contemporary South

Young voters contributed disproportionately to Barack Obama’s presidential victory in 2012. In fact, if the electorate had been limited to those over 30 years old, Mitt Romney might be in the White House today. Obama captured 60 percent of the vote of those under 30, compared to 49 percent of those over 30, according to the national exit polls (Schier and Box- Steffensmeier 2013, 86). A similar pattern characterized the 2008 presidential election: Obama won 66 percent of the vote among those aged 29 or less, but under one-half of voters older than 45 (Pomper 2010, 53). The tendency for younger voters to be disproportionately Democratic emerged in the 2004 presidential election. Prior to that, Democratic presidential candidates did not consistently do better among younger voters. In 2000, for example, Al Gore did as well among older voters as he did among younger voters, and in 1992, Bill Clinton did his best among older voters, as did Walter Mondale in 1984 and Michael Dukakis in 1988 (Pomper 2001, 138; Pomper 1989, 133).
Evaluation of children with inflammatory bowel diseases

The clinical manifestations and endoscopic changes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are complex and vary greatly according to the severity of the problem.The activity of the inflammatory bowel disease, macroscopic and microscopic features are closely related to disease progression and treatment response.The activity and the severity of IBD can be defined by pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index(PUCAI) and pediatric Crohn′s disease activity index(PCDAI). According to the Montreal standards and Paris consensus, the extent of the endoscopic intestinal involvement and the severity of the lesion can be determined.It reflects the local changes before and after the treatment and reactions as time goes on.It′s helpful to evaluate the severity and the treatment efficacy of IBD, to carry out multi-center and large-scale research through the activity score, macroscopic and microscopic features evaluation. Key words: Inflammatory bowel disease; Pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index; Pediatric crohn′s disease activity index; Evaluation
Differential effects of adaptation on odor discrimination

Olfactory systems face the problem of distinguishing salient information from a complex olfactory environment. The neural representations of specific odor sources should be consistent regardless of...
Isolated left upper eyelid ptosis with pansinusitis and contralateral otitis media in a 9-year-old boy.

Abstract Purpose Upper eyelid ptosis has different etiologies in children and adults. In children, the common causes include orbital cellulitis, congenital ptosis, Cranial Nerve (CN) III palsy, and Horner's syndrome. The purpose of this report is to discuss an unusual presentation of ptosis. Observations We describe a case of a 9-year-old boy with left-sided ptosis with no apparent clinical signs of orbital or preseptal infection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed pansinusitis and contralateral otitis media with direct extension into the superior aspect of the left orbit affecting the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Conclusions and importance This finding on imaging disclosed the etiology of an otherwise unexplained case of upper lid ptosis.
The Individual Narrative of IS Project Success

Project success continues to be a concern for information systems practitioners and academics alike. Previous research has studied organizational attributes such as governance, knowledge, and individual attributes mainly focused on project leadership that can affect performance. This study makes an effort to shift the focus to IS professionals who are at the core of IS projects and explores how IS professional's individual narrative of IS project success develops. Using the attribution theoretical lens, the study proposes that the development of the narrative of IS project success is a process of casual attribution involving perception of justice, engagement and perception of project performance. Seventy-nine IS professionals from various organizations participated in a survey which measured the project performance for projects they completed in the recent past, their level engagement in those projects, and their perception of justice during those projects. Respondents represented a wide variety of industries such as retail, telecommunications, and food from both US and non-US project locations. Besides explaining the narrative of IS success, the study also reveals that this narrative has potential downstream effect on the well-being of the IS professional. The study is expected to enrich the IS project management literature by providing deeper understanding of the perception of professionals working in IS projects.
GSEPD: a Bioconductor package for RNA-seq gene set enrichment and projection display.

RNA-seq, wherein RNA transcripts expressed in a sample are sequenced and quantified, has become a widely used technique to study disease and development. With RNA-seq, transcription abundance can be measured, differential expression genes between groups and functional enrichment of those genes can be computed. However, biological insights from RNA-seq are often limited by computational analysis and the enormous volume of resulting data, preventing facile and meaningful review and interpretation of gene expression profiles. Particularly, in cases where the samples under study exhibit uncontrolled variation, deeper analysis of functional enrichment would be necessary to visualize samples’ gene expression activity under each biological function. We developed a Bioconductor package rgsepd that streamlines RNA-seq data analysis by wrapping commonly used tools DESeq2 and GOSeq in a user-friendly interface and performs a gene-subset linear projection to cluster heterogeneous samples by Gene Ontology (GO) terms. Rgsepd computes significantly enriched GO terms for each experimental condition and generates multidimensional projection plots highlighting how each predefined gene set’s multidimensional expression may delineate samples. The rgsepd serves to automate differential expression, functional annotation, and exploratory data analyses to highlight subtle expression differences among samples based on each significant biological function.
Tailgating Protective Behavioral Strategies Mediate the Effects of Positive Alcohol Outcome Expectancies on Game Day Drinking

Although a growing body of evidence suggests protective behavioral strategies are associated with lower alcohol use among college students, we know little about what contributes to students’ decisions to use these strategies. Alcohol outcome expectancies have been associated with alcohol use among college students, and may contribute to their decisions to use protective behavioral strategies while drinking in contexts associated with an elevated risk for heavy alcohol use. University football game tailgating is one high-risk context that has received limited empirical attention with respect to identifying risk and protective factors for use. We sought to determine whether expectancy effects on tailgating drinking may be attributable to the approach or avoidance of protective strategies in this context. We expected college students who perceive greater positive expectancies to report engaging in more protective strategies on game day, whereas we hypothesized greater negative expectancies would be associated with less use of protective strategies. College students (N = 231) reported outcome expectancies online within 7 days of tailgating and quantity of alcoholic drinks consumed while tailgating, as well as whether they used limiting consumption (i.e., counting drinks, alternating drinking water and alcohol) and harm reduction (HR; i.e., sober transportation) strategies 48 h after tailgating. Results indicated higher positive expectancies were associated with greater use of HR strategies. Positive expectancies were indirectly positively related to greater game day tailgating drinking and negatively to odds of abstaining through the use of protective strategies, and unique indirect effects were observed for HR strategies. These findings highlight important individual differences that contribute to the use of protective behaviors, and suggest that expectancy-challenge interventions may be tailored to address unsafe drinking practices and promote college student health.
Virchow's triad in "silent" deep vein thrombosis.

Abstract Objective While determining the incidence of chronic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and the hypercoagulation profiles of patients who underwent venous stenting for symptomatic venous insufficiency, we assessed the significance of Virchow's triad in the setting of proximal venous outflow obstruction and DVT. Methods Within our registry of 500 patients who underwent venous stenting for proximal venous outflow obstruction between 2013 and 2016, we selected the first 152 consecutive patients who had routine hypercoagulation profile testing performed preoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed using independent t-tests, χ2 tests, and multiple logistic regressions. Results By history or intraoperative chronic postphlebitic changes (CPPCs), 77 patients (50.7%) were positive for remote DVT; 51 (33.6%) had intraoperative findings of CPPCs without a history of DVT, 20 (13.2%) had intraoperative CPPCs with a history of DVT, and 6 (3.9%) had a history of DVT without intraoperative findings. The χ2 tests were significant for increased findings of CPPCs among patients with a history of DVT (81% vs 38%; P Conclusions Remote history of DVT and intraoperative findings of CPPCs were prevalent. CPPC findings were found in many patients with no history of DVT. Hypercoagulation markers conferred significant predictive value for DVT. This information may influence our understanding of Virchow's triad and DVT etiology.
Highly active combination of BRD4 antagonist and histone deacetylase inhibitor against human AML.

11107 Background: The bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is a member of the BET (bromodomain and extraterminal) protein family, which regulate the assembly of chromatin complexes and transcrip...
US Food and Drug Administration review of statistical analysis of patient-reported outcomes in lung cancer clinical trials approved between January, 2008, and December, 2017

With the advent of patient-focused drug development, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has redoubled its efforts to review patient-reported outcome (PRO) data in cancer trials submitted as part of a drug's marketing application. This Review aims to characterise the statistical analysis of PRO data from pivotal lung cancer trials submitted to support FDA drug approval between January, 2008, and December, 2017. For each trial and PRO instrument identified, we evaluated prespecified PRO concepts, statistical analysis, missing data and sensitivity analysis, instrument completion, and clinical relevance. Of the 37 pivotal lung cancer trials used to support FDA drug approval, 25 (68%) trials included PRO measures. The most common prespecified PRO concepts were cough, dyspnoea, and chest pain. At the trial level, the most common statistical analyses were descriptive (24 trials [96%]), followed by time-to-event analyses (19 trials [76%]), longitudinal analyses (12 trials [48%]), and basic inferential tests or general linear models (10 trials [40%]). Our findings indicate a wide variation in the analytic techniques and data presentation methods used, with very few trials reporting clear PRO research objectives and sensitivity analyses for PRO results. Our work further supports the need for focused research objectives to justify and to guide the analytic strategy of PROs to facilitate the interpretation of patient experience.
Regulation of rhythmic behaviors by astrocytes

Glial astrocytes of vertebrates and invertebrates are important modulators of nervous system development, physiology, and behavior. In all species examined, astrocytes of the adult brain contain conserved circadian clocks, and multiple studies have shown that these glial cells participate in the regulation of circadian behavior and sleep. This short review summarizes recent work, using fruit fly (Drosophila) and mouse models, that document participation of astrocytes and their endogenous circadian clocks in the control of rhythmic behavior. This article is categorized under: Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Regulatory Mechanisms Nervous System Development > Flies.
Centralization and the New American Order

This paper argues that centralization is both contrary to the received traditions of the American people and has proven negative to all aspects of good governance and society – excluding order which cannot long last once all else is lost. The paper is divided into two sections with an introduction and conclusion. The first is a historical survey of the ideas and events from the 1760s to 1868 and comprise the Revolution, formation of the Republic and establishment of the New Order. Section one establishes background and axioms referred to in the main argument in section two. Section Two depends upon axioms established in Section One and defends the thesis that, Centralization has proven false, dangerous and a negative path because it is fundamentally contrary to nature, human nature, and natural law, and must invariably lead to less mortality, less liberty, less prosperity, and ultimately less happiness. In summary, this paper argues that the central conflict in the American political system was between a Lockean liberal (universalism) polity and particularism (Montesquieu and Burke).
Awareness and Attitudes Towards Telemedicine Among Medical Students in the United States.

Introduction: Telemedicine (TM) or telehealth is defined as the delivery of healthcare services at a distance using electronic means. It is a rapidly growing field of medicine that uses telecommunication to provide healthcare services to patients such as the elderly and those in rural locations who may otherwise be unable to make it to the hospital or physician’s office. With the rise in the popularity of TM, educating future physicians on this technology will become vital. This study aimed to explore medical students’ experiences and opinions regarding TM. Methods: An online survey was sent to 287 medical students in 20 different allopathic medical schools in the United States. The survey consisted of 14 questions that included demographic information, information regarding TM exposure, interest in TM, and plans for future utilization. Results: The result of this study indicated that only 17.4% of medical students had prior exposure to TM. However, the increased exposure to TM helped not only to increase awareness of the technology but also helped students form opinions on TM. Lastly, students in all intended specialties had interests in utilizing TM in the future with specialties such as pathology, psychiatry, ophthalmology, and dermatology indicating the highest levels of interest. Conclusion: As medicine continues to incorporate technology into the care of patients, training institutions need to expose future physicians to the modalities of care they will be utilizing. The results of this survey suggest that the development of education and exposure to TM will become increasingly important as more medical students indicate interest in utilizing this technology.
Combined Photothermal and Ionizing Radiation Sensitization of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Using Triangular Silver Nanoparticles.

Background Ionizing radiation (IR) is commonly used in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment regimens. However, off-target toxicity affecting normal tissue and grueling treatment regimens remain major limitations. Hyperthermia is one of the greatest IR sensitizers, but only if heat is administered simultaneously or immediately prior to ionizing radiation. Difficulty in co-localizing ionizing radiation (IR) in rapid succession with hyperthermia, and confining treatment to the tumor have hindered widespread clinical adoption of combined thermoradiation treatment. Metal nanoparticle-based approaches to IR sensitization and photothermal heat generation may aid in overcoming these issues and improve treatment specificity. Methods We assessed the potential to selectively treat MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells without affecting non-malignant MCF-10A breast cells using a multimodal approach based upon combined photothermal therapy, IR sensitization, and specific cytotoxicity using triangular silver nanoparticles (TAgNPs) with peak absorbance in the near-infrared light (NIR) spectrum. Results We found that TAgNP-mediated photothermal therapy and radiosensitization offer a high degree of specificity for treatment of TNBC without affecting non-malignant mammary epithelial cells. Discussion If given at a high enough dose, IR, heat, or TAgNPs alone could be sufficient for tumor treatment. However, when the dose of one or all of these modalities increases, off-target effects also increase. The challenge lies in identifying the minimal doses of each individual treatment such that when combined they provide maximum selectivity for treatment of TNBC cells with minimum off-target effects on non-malignant breast cells. Our results provide proof of concept that this combination is highly selective for TNBC cells while sparing non-malignant mammary epithelial cells. This treatment would be particularly important for patients undergoing breast conservation therapy and for treatment of invasive tumor margins near the periphery where each individual treatment might be at a sub-therapeutic level.
Expression of exogenous epithelial sodium channel beta subunit in the mouse middle cerebral artery increases pressure-induced constriction.

Background Pressure-induced constriction (PIC) is inherent to small arteries and arterioles, in which intraluminal pressure-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) stretch elicits vasoconstriction. Degenerin (Deg) proteins, such as beta Epithelial Na + Channel (βENaC), have been studied in the PIC response because they are evolutionarily linked to known mechanosensors. While loss of Deg function phenotypes are plentiful, a gain of function phenotype has not been studied. The aim of this study was to determine if expression of exogenous βENaC in the isolated middle cerebral artery (MCA) enhances the PIC response. Methods Isolated MCA segments from female mice (24 wk, n=5) were transfected with enhanced green fluorescent protein-βENaC (EGFP-βENaC) or with EGFP alone, incubated overnight at 37 °C, then studied in a pressure myograph. Results Mechanical/morphological properties and vasoconstrictor responses to KCl and phenylephrine were identical in EGFP-βENaC-and EGFP MCAs. In contrast, PIC responses were greater in EGFP-βENaC segments with ~2 fold greater peak myogenic tone. Conclusions These data confirm previous findings that βENaC is critical in the PIC response. These data provide proof-of-concept that upregulating βENaC can enhance PIC responses and lay the foundation to test the hypothesis that inflammation mediated downregulation of βENaC contributes to cerebrovascular dysfunction.
What are the Predictors of Return to Work for People With Elbow, Wrist, and Hand Conditions? A Systematic Review.

Purpose Conditions affecting the elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand can cause debilitating pain and loss of function in the working population. While there is knowledge about intervention options for this region of the body, there is limited research on systematically identifying the predictors of return to work in this population. Methods A systematic literature review identified all English-language studies that assess predictors of return to work for people with elbow, wrist, and hand conditions from 2009 to 2021 using PRISMA guidelines. Studies that examined exclusively shoulder injuries, randomized control trials, non-human studies, case studies, case reports, case series, and narrative reviews were excluded. Participants of included studies must have a health-related condition of the fingers, wrist, forearm, and elbow that is preventing work participation and must be 16 years and older. Included studies must be observational, longitudinal, and include a return to work outcome. Results Nineteen out of 170 studies were included. Average time away from work varied between seven to 304 days. Positive predictors of early return to work include: demographics, type of injury, type of treatment, work status, physical factors, psychological factors, use of self-reported outcome measures, and self-reported pain. Conclusion Five clinician recommendations were developed based on the findings of our systematic review. Clinicians should consider the type of work, use of outcome measures, psychological factors, hospitalization, and salary. These recommendations are intended to influence the behavior of clinicians when determining prognosis for return to work of people with elbow, wrist, and hand conditions.
Integrated International Field Trips Maximize Accessibility and Preserve Learning Value in an Age of Uncertainty.

The benefits of study abroad have been well documented. Students who have international learning experiences, regardless of program duration, return with improved knowledge across cognitive dimensi...
Effect of different Kinesio tape tensions on experimentally-induced thermal and muscle pain in healthy adults.

Athletes and rehabilitation specialists have used Kinesio tape (KT) to help alleviate pain symptoms. Currently, no clear mechanism exists as to why pain is relieved with the use of KT and whether the pain relieving effect is simply a placebo effect. Additionally, the most effective taping parameters (tension of tape) for pain reduction remain unknown. We used quantitative sensory testing to address these key gaps in the KT and pain literature. Using a repeated-measures laboratory design, we examined whether KT applied at different tensions reduces experimentally-induced pain compared to a no tape condition and KT with minimal tension. Heat pain thresholds (HPT’s), pressure pain thresholds (PPT’s), and pressure pain suprathreshold (PPS: 125% of PPT) tests were administered to the forearm prior to and during KT and no tape conditions. Tape was applied to the ventral forearm at 25% of max tension, 75% of max tension, and no tension (placebo). Repeated measures ANOVA’s evaluated the pain outcomes between conditions and across time. KT had no significant effect on PPT’s and HPT’s (p’s >0.05). The ANOVA on PPS revealed that KT applied at 25% of tension significantly reduced pain ratings from the pretest (M = 34.4, SE = 5.5) to post-test 1 (M = 30.3, SE = 4.7) and post-test 2 (M = 30.4, SE = 4.7). No other conditions significantly reduced suprathreshold pressure pain. However, pain ratings at posttest-1 during the no-tape condition (M = 36.4, SE = 5.3) were significantly greater than pain ratings during post-test 1 and post-test 2 of all three tape conditions. In conclusion, the current study revealed that KT applied at low tension is the optimal tension to reduce pressure-evoked muscle pain. Additionally, the results suggested that KT applied at low, high, or no tension may acutely prevent increased muscle sensitivity with repeated pressure stimulation.
Abstract WMP91: The Mortality Rate Of Stroke Patients Is Less When Treated At Telestroke Spokes Vs. Non Telestroke Sites

Background: Most rural hospitals in Arkansas did not administer t-PA prior to participating in a telestroke program. With the growing number of telestroke networks, it is crucial to determine the effectiveness of these programs in improving the outcome of ischemic stroke patients. Methods: The Arkansas Stroke Assistance through Virtual Emergency Support (AR SAVES) team reviewed the hospital discharge data of AR SAVES hospitals versus propensity score matched control hospitals linked with death certificates from 2006 to 2010 provided by the Arkansas Department of Health. All patients with primary ICD-9 codes for ischemic stroke were included. Hospitals with less than 10 admissions for ischemic stroke during the study period were excluded. ARSAVES hospitals were included in the evaluation if they started participating in the first 12 months of program initiation. All hospitals in the state that were not in the ARSAVES program prior to Jan 1, 2011 were the control group. Analyses were done using chi-square tests and t-tests. We used multivariable logistic regression models to compare differences in dichotomous outcomes. Results: A total of 18 hospitals and 3,728 ischemic stroke patients were included in the final analysis. Patients treated in participating hospitals had reduced mortality rates at 30 days (ARR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40-0.85), 6 months (ARR 0.57, 95% CI 0.42-0.77) and 12 months (ARR 0.66, 95% CI 0.48-0.90), as well as reduced rates of discharge to hospice care (ARR 0.53, 95% CI 0.29-0.99). There were no statistically significant differences in either length of hospital stay (AME 0.35 days, 95% CI -0.31 to 1.01) or hospital cost (AME $629, 95% CI -834 to 2,091). Conclusion: Stroke patients treated at telestroke spoke hospitals had a significantly lower mortality rate than those treated at a non telestroke hospital, with the same cost of care. This may be a reflection of increased t-PA use and improved stroke education and stroke patient care in telestroke hospitals.
Berman, “We're going to see the Beatles!” an Oral history of Beatlemania as told by the Fans who were there

Almost every American of a certain age can recall exactly what they were doing on the evening of February 9, 1964. These baby boomers were glued to the television set watching The Ed Sullivan Show ...
Retrofit of Existing Control Systems

The “energy crisis” of the 1970s created an awareness of the inefficiency of many existing HVAC systems and their controls. Most systems installed in the fifties, sixties and early seventies were concerned only with control for comfort, and minimization of energy consumption was seldom considered. Also, many existing systems have failed to perform well with respect to comfort or economy.