cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Realistic Software Cost Estimation for Fractionated Space Systems

Fractionated Space Systems, as exemplified by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's Future Fast, Flexible, Fractionated, Free-Flying Spacecraft united by Information eXchange (DARPA’s System F6), represent real challenges to software cost estimation. The concept is a traditional 'monolithic' spacecraft is replaced by a cluster of wirelessly interconnected spacecraft modules to create a virtual satellite, delivering capability which is at least equivalent to the monolithic spacecraft. Concurrently, they significantly enhance flexibility and system robustness, and reduce risk throughout the mission life and the spacecraft development cycle. Such systems present real challenges to software cost estimation which arise from both the concept of a Directed System of Systems (DSOS) and the reduced risk which is primarily achievable only through the application of an Incremental Commitment Model (ICM). This paper will briefly introduce a next-generation synthesis of the spiral model and other leading process models into the ICM, which is being piloted or considered for adoption in some parts of Department of Defense (DoD). The ICM emphasizes architecting systems (or DSOSs) to encapsulate subsystems (or systems) undergoing the most rapid change; and architecting the incremental development process by having agile systems engineers handling longer-range change traffic to rebaseline the plans for future increments while largely plandriven teams develop and continuously verify and validate (V&V) the current increment, as is usually required for safe or secure software. One approach being followed for estimating the software development cost of the Fractionated Space Craft Systems of Systems (FSSOS) is based on the Constructive Incremental Commitment Cost Model (COINCOMO) model and its tool which currently implements together in one tool the Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO II), the Constructive Phased Schedule and Effort Model (COPSEMO) and a Constructive Security Cost Model (COSECMO). COINCOMO has an added super-structure to accommodate multiple suppliers of independent software subsystems and multiple builds (or incremental deliveries). Many software systems components today rely on Commercial-Off-the-Shelf (COTS) sub-components and/or reuse of (potentially proprietary) open-source or legacy components which are treated like COTS components rather than reused, modified components, and adapted/reused open-source subcomponents, as well as new code. The COINCOMO model also accommodates them without the name-space explosion that happened in COCOMO II. COINCOMO 2.0 is implemented in a database-centric fashion designed with the ability to save and reuse any of the sets of parameters thus making it much easier to do what-if and evolving estimates.
Safety, Efficacy, and Hearing Preservation Using an Integrated Electro-Acoustic Stimulation Hearing System

ObjectiveTo determine the safety, efficacy, and potential for hearing preservation of an electroacoustic hearing system in patients with severe high-frequency and moderate low-frequency hearing loss.PatientsFive patients were included in this study with steeply down-sloping sensorineural hearing los
Primary cutaneous aspergillosis associated with Hickman intravenous catheters.

We describe nine patients with underlying hematologic cancer in whom primary cutaneous aspergillosis developed at the sites of Hickman intravenous catheters. Our patients, 17 to 74 years of age, were all immunocompromised either from their primary disease or from chemotherapy, and the Hickman catheters had been placed to provide venous access for chemotherapy or hyperalimentation or both. Clinical signs of infection included erythema, induration, and cutaneous or subcutaneous necrosis at the point of entry into the subclavian vein, in the subcutaneous tunnel, or at the exit site from the skin. Diagnosis was confirmed by positive wound culture for Aspergillus flavus in all but one patient. Treatment consisted of intravenous amphotericin B, oral flucytosine, and local wound care. Three patients recovered completely without operative debridement; three others recovered after operative debridement and delayed grafting. Two patients died of disseminated aspergillosis, and one died of unrelated causes while recovering from primary cutaneous aspergillosis. Successful treatment required resolution of aplasia or leukopenia, catheter removal, systemic treatment with amphotericin B, and local wound care. We conclude that primary cutaneous aspergillosis, a rare infection, may occur at the sites of Hickman catheters in immunocompromised patients, and that it is a serious complication requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Quantum approach to the unique sink orientation problem

We consider quantum algorithms for the unique sink orientation problem on cubes. This problem is widely considered to be of intermediate computational complexity. This is because there is no known polynomial algorithm (classical or quantum) for the problem and yet it arises as part of a series of problems for which it being intractable would imply complexity-theoretic collapses. We give a reduction which proves that if one can efficiently evaluate the $k\mathrm{th}$ power of the unique sink orientation outmap, then there exists a polynomial time quantum algorithm for the unique sink orientation problem on cubes.
Race and State in City Police Spending Growth: 1980 to 2010

What has driven city police spending growth in large cities? Studies show that racial threat is an important predictor, but scholars overlook how cities can afford spending increases during hard fi...
The Management of Myelomeningocele Study: obstetrical outcomes and risk factors for obstetrical complications following prenatal surgery.

Background The Management of Myelomeningocele Study was a multicenter randomized trial to compare prenatal and standard postnatal closure of myelomeningocele. The trial was stopped early at recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee and outcome data for 158 of the 183 randomized women published. Objective In this report, pregnancy outcomes for the complete trial cohort are presented. We also sought to analyze risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome among those women who underwent prenatal myelomeningocele repair. Study Design Pregnancy outcomes were compared between the 2 surgery groups. For women who underwent prenatal surgery, antecedent demographic, surgical, and pregnancy complication risk factors were evaluated for the following outcomes: premature spontaneous membrane rupture ≤34 weeks 0 days (preterm premature rupture of membranes), spontaneous membrane rupture at any gestational age, preterm delivery at ≤34 weeks 0 days, nonintact hysterotomy (minimal uterine wall tissue between fetal membranes and uterine serosa, or partial or complete dehiscence at delivery), and chorioamniotic membrane separation. Risk factors were evaluated using χ 2 and Wilcoxon tests and multivariable logistic regression. Results A total of 183 women were randomized: 91 to prenatal and 92 to postnatal surgery groups. Analysis of the complete cohort confirmed initial findings: that prenatal surgery was associated with an increased risk for membrane separation, oligohydramnios, spontaneous membrane rupture, spontaneous onset of labor, and earlier gestational age at birth. In multivariable logistic regression of the prenatal surgery group adjusting for clinical center, earlier gestational age at surgery and chorioamniotic membrane separation were associated with increased risk of spontaneous membrane rupture (odds ratio, 1.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–2.22; and odds ratio, 2.96, 95% confidence interval, 1.05–8.35, respectively). Oligohydramnios was associated with an increased risk of subsequent preterm delivery (odds ratio, 9.21; 95% confidence interval, 2.19–38.78). Nulliparity was a risk factor for nonintact hysterotomy (odds ratio, 3.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.35–10.05). Conclusion Despite the confirmed benefits of prenatal surgery, considerable maternal and fetal risk exists compared with postnatal repair. Early gestational age at surgery and development of chorioamniotic membrane separation are risk factors for ruptured membranes. Oligohydramnios is a risk factor for preterm delivery and nulliparity is a risk factor for nonintact hysterotomy at delivery.
5-Fluorouracil Plus Thymidine or Leucovorin by Continuous I.V. Infusion in the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Carcinoma

5-Fluorouracil (FUra) has been the drug of choice in the treatment of colorectal cancers (1,2), and it is widely utilized in a variety of other malignancies (3). FUra exerts its antiproliferative effect following metabolic activation to various nucleotides (Chart 1). 5-Fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP), due to its resemblance with uridine triphosphate (UTP), is incorporated into RNA (4–7); the consequence of this incorporation is the production of fraudulent mRNA, rRNA and tRNA which can ultimately cause cell death. The other proposed mechanism for FUra cytotoxicity is the inhibition of thymidylate synthetase (dTMP-S) by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) (8–11), leading to decreased thymidine triphosphate (dTTP) pools and to inhibition of DNA synthesis. The biochemical mechanism by which FdUMP binds to the dTMP-S involves a cofactor, N5,10methylene tetrahydrofolic acid (N5,10CH2FH4). Santi et al. have calculated that the dissociation constant (Kd) of the ternary complex FdUMP-dTMP-SN5,10CH2FH4, is of the order of 5×10-11M. In absence of the reduced folate cofactor, FdUMP binding to dTMP-S is relatively weak, with a Kd of about 10-5M (9). An additional proposed mechanism of cytotoxicity of FUra is its incorporation into DNA (12–15). To date, little is known about the biological significance of this finding.
Piezo thermoelastic model for design optimization of resonant beams

In this study we present an analytical model to characterize the thermo elastic damping (TED) for beams in piezoelectric and pyroelectric materials for Q optimization. The model is based on the Euler Bernoulli equation and considers the constitutive equations for piezoelectric and pyroelectric materials. The analytical solution shows that due to the piezoelectric stiffening and the pyroelectric effect the Q-factor is penalized by 15%. The optimization of the Q-factor for piezoelectric beam based resonators is not only related to the beam dimensions, as for isotropic materials, but also to the electrode design.
Transfusion Practice in the Intensive Care Unit: A Ten-Year Analysis.

Abstract 2111 Poster Board II-88 Introduction: Since the 1990s, there has been increasing evidence to support a restrictive transfusion strategy in the intensive care unit. While prior studies have evaluated transfusion practice in the short term, the impact of the Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care (TRICC) recommendations and related guidelines over the course of a prolonged time period has not been evaluated. We describe and assess transfusion practice during the period 1997-2007 in a large, academic medical center medical intensive care unit (MICU). Patients and Methods: We conducted a single center, retrospective, observational study of 3533 patients with single admissions to the University of Maryland Medical Center MICU between 1997 and 2007. Patients with acute coronary syndromes, hemorrhage and hemoglobinopathies were excluded, as were patients less than 13 years of age. Baseline characteristics of transfused and non-transfused patients were compared. We described the mean MICU admission hemoglobin (Hgb) levels, percentages of patients transfused as a whole and by MICU admission Hgb strata, mean pre-transfusion Hgb levels in transfused patients and nadir Hgb in the non-transfused, proportion of patients transfused with pre-transfusion Hgb Results: MICU admission Hgb did not change in any important way over the study period (-0.022 g/dL per interval, 95% CI -0.0051–0.007, p=0.13). The proportion of transfused patients decreased over time from 31.0% in 1997-1998 to 18.0% in 2006-2007 (p Conclusions: Between 1997 and 2007, important and sustained changes have occurred in MICU physician transfusion behavior, with overall reductions in the proportion of patients transfused, mean pre-transfusion Hgb level, and nadir Hgb level in patients who were not transfused. While physicians moved closer to the restrictive transfusion strategy reflected in guidelines and tested in a multi-center clinical trial, there may still be room for improvement. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Hannah Arendt, Non-Jewish Jew

This chapter traces the origins of my affiliation with Arendt’s work that traces back to the early 1980s, when the Nietszchean/Heideggerian philosopher David Farrell Krell and I, having driven down to Todtnauberg in the Black Forest to visit the cabin where Heidegger did his late writing, informed me of Heidegger’s love affair with his young Jewish student Hannah Arendt. On returning to the United States, I plunged into her writing and that of the scholars who had represented Arendt as a political scientist engaged in the Habermasian question of the polis. In reading these accounts of Arendt’s thought, I found little reference to her life as a Jewish refugee from Nazi Germany nor to her abiding interest in the question of Palestine, which she had written a lot about. It was this scholarly suppression of Arendt’s fraught personal life that instigated my will to put back into play—contrapuntally—these suppressed aspects of her life and works.
Gibbsian Dynamics and Ergodicity of Stochastic Micropolar Fluid System

The theory of micropolar fluids emphasizes the micro-structure of fluids by coupling the Navier–Stokes equations with micro-rotational velocity, and is widely viewed to be well fit, better than the Navier–Stokes equations, to describe fluids consisting of bar-like elements such as liquid crystals made up of dumbbell molecules or animal blood. Following the work of Weinan et al. (Commun Math Phys 224:83–106, 2001), we prove the existence of a unique stationary measure for the stochastic micropolar fluid system with periodic boundary condition, forced by only the determining modes of the noise and therefore a type of finite-dimensionality of micropolar fluid flow. The novelty of the manuscript is a series of energy estimates that is reminiscent from analysis in the deterministic case.
Media and Perceptions of Reality

Communication scholars, psychologists, sociologists, and other social scientists have long been interested in how individuals interpret the real world around them. Although some of the information we receive in our daily lives is first-hand, much of what we know about our communities, states, countries, and the world comes to us through second-hand sources. Perceptions of reality, rather than actual observations of reality, guide human beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. These perceptions often are solidified into normative versions of what “ought” to be. Because there are often concrete expectations of reality in one's mind, the effects from this perceived view of the world can be just as real as effects of actually experiencing that reality. Importantly, social perceptions arise through processes of communication, resulting in a social world that appears comparable to the physical world that surrounds us. Misperceptions of reality can produce a distorted version of the real world, and it is these misperceptions that have been the focus of much attention in public opinion and communication research. Keywords: Information Processing and Cognitions; perception
Investigation of Alternative Bicycle Pavement Markings with the Use of a Bicycle Simulator

The past decade has seen increased public interest in sustainable transportation modes in the United States. However, there is a relative lack of guidance regarding standards and specifications for bicycle facilities compared with the highway mode. This project sought to address this deficiency through the investigation of alternative pavement markings for bicycle wayfinding and proper bicycle placement at signalized intersections as part of the federal Nonmotorized Transportation Pilot Program in Columbia, Missouri. This evaluation was accomplished with a bicycle simulator study and postsimulator survey with 27 participants. A network of 37 intersections with characteristics similar to intersections in Columbia was created with the ZouSim simulator. The survey included questions regarding bicycling habits and preferences for the alternative markings. For wayfinding, two alternative types of pavement markings and the signage recommended by the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) were evaluat...
GelSight: High-Resolution Robot Tactile Sensors for Estimating Geometry and Force.

Tactile sensing is an important perception mode for robots, but the existing tactile technologies have multiple limitations. What kind of tactile information robots need, and how to use the information, remain open questions. We believe a soft sensor surface and high-resolution sensing of geometry should be important components of a competent tactile sensor. In this paper, we discuss the development of a vision-based optical tactile sensor, GelSight. Unlike the traditional tactile sensors which measure contact force, GelSight basically measures geometry, with very high spatial resolution. The sensor has a contact surface of soft elastomer, and it directly measures its deformation, both vertical and lateral, which corresponds to the exact object shape and the tension on the contact surface. The contact force, and slip can be inferred from the sensor’s deformation as well. Particularly, we focus on the hardware and software that support GelSight’s application on robot hands. This paper reviews the development of GelSight, with the emphasis in the sensing principle and sensor design. We introduce the design of the sensor’s optical system, the algorithm for shape, force and slip measurement, and the hardware designs and fabrication of different sensor versions. We also show the experimental evaluation on the GelSight’s performance on geometry and force measurement. With the high-resolution measurement of shape and contact force, the sensor has successfully assisted multiple robotic tasks, including material perception or recognition and in-hand localization for robot manipulation.
A simple-transition model for relational sequences

We use "nearly sound" logical constraints to infer hidden states of relational processes. We introduce a simple-transition cost model, which is parameterized by weighted constraints and a statetransition cost. Inference for this model, i.e. finding a minimum-cost state sequence, reduces to a single-state minimization (SSM) problem. For relational Horn constraints, we give a practical approach to SSM based on logical reasoning and bounded search. We present a learning method that discovers relational constraints using CLAUDIEN [De Raedt and Dehaspe, 1997] and then tunes their weights using perceptron updates. Experiments in relational video interpretation show that our learned models improve on a variety of competitors.
An Ising Model of a Neural Network

We show that the behavior of a neural network can be mapped onto a generalized spin Ising model. The conditions for the existence of short term memory are related to the existence of long range order in the corresponding Ising model. Even in the presence of noise and fluctuation in the properties of the network, precisely defined states can exist nevertheless. Long term memory appears to result from the modification of the synaptic junctions as a result of signals propagating through the network. The essentially non-linear problem can be linearized and leads to a holographic-like storage of information and means for recall.
MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS OF MIDDLE MOLECULES, PREFORMED ORGANIC IONS AND ZWITTERIONS

This article assesses the state of the art for mass spectrometric analysis of middle molecules (1000 – 10000 Daltons), organic ions and zwitterions. Experimental observations are brought to bear on the mechanism of ionization by fast atom bombardment, and applications of this new technique are illustrated.
THE STABILITY OF THE PHASE TRANSFORMATION OF Fe-Mn ALLOYS INDUCED BY SHOCK LOADING

ABSTRACT This paper is a review of investigations of the phase transformation in Fe-Mn alloys which is induced by shock loading. Slow cooled alloys revert to the equilibrium BCC structure after shock relief, but quenched material retains the high pressure phase in amounts depending on the Mn content and the pressure. Tensile deformation causes the retained high pressure close packed phases to revert to the BCC structure.
“A Thousand Tit-Bits”: George Eliot and the New Journalism

This essay examines intersections between George Eliot’s work and the New Journalistic practice of publishing extracts (or “tit-bits”) from novels in mass-market periodicals and book collections. It investigates the publishing format of Alexander Main’s Wise, Witty and Tender Sayings of George Eliot (1872), and The George Eliot Birthday Book (1878), demonstrating how they represent Eliot and Lewes’s engagement with the popular literary marketplace. These literary experiments to some degree anticipated the excerpting practices of the New Journalism, particularly George Newnes’s journal Tit-Bits, founded in 1881, and his book A Thousand Tit-Bits from a Hundred Authors (1882). Both Newnes and Eliot embraced the tit-bits fad, if for different ends.
Performing curriculum and constructing identity: small stories as a framework for studying identity and learning in classroom discourse

This classroom discourse study examines how curriculum becomes a resource for identity performance in one ESL classroom. Conceptualizing identity as performance, I adopt a small stories approach to...
Design of a Peptide-Based Electronegative Hydrogel for the Direct Encapsulation, 3D Culturing, in Vivo Syringe-Based Delivery, and Long-Term Tissue Engraftment of Cells.

Soft materials that facilitate the three-dimensional (3D) encapsulation, proliferation, and facile local delivery of cells to targeted tissues will aid cell-based therapies, especially those that d...
Women’s Orgasm and Sexual Satisfaction in Committed Sex and Casual Sex: Relationship Between Sociosexuality and Sexual Outcomes in Different Sexual Contexts

Previous studies have found that women report more orgasm and sexual satisfaction from sex in committed relationships than from casual sex. We examined whether sociosexual orientation was associate...
Expectation Versus Reality: The Lived Experience of Newly Graduated OTs in Skilled-Nursing Facilities (SNFs)

Date Presented 04/04/19 This phenomenological study explored the perceptions and experiences of newly graduated OTs working in skilled-nursing facilities. Four themes emerged: evolution of entry-level competence, negotiation of relationships with colleagues, navigation of systems, and transition from idealism to realism. Findings implicate the need for change on multiple professional levels to enable new graduates to successfully transition into practice. Primary Author and Speaker: Nicole Fidanza Additional Authors and Speakers: Salvador Bondoc
Linear thermomagnetic energy harvester for low-grade thermal energy harvesting

Low-grade thermal energy, either from waste heat or from natural resources, constitutes an enormous energy reserve that remains to be fully harvested. Harvesting low-grade heat is challenging because of the low Carnot efficiency. Among various thermal energy harvesting mechanisms available for capturing low-grade heat (temperature less than 100 °C), the thermomagnetic effect has been found to be quite promising. In this study, we demonstrate a scalable thermomagnetic energy harvester architecture that exhibits 140% higher power density compared to the previously published spring–mass designs. The alternating force required to oscillate the thermomagnetic mass is generated through the interaction between two magnetic forces in opposite directions. We employed numerical modeling to illustrate the behavior of a thermomagnetic device under different operating conditions and to obtain the optimal hot-side and cold-side temperatures for continuous mode operations. A miniaturized thermomagnetic harvester was fabricated and experiments were conducted to systematically evaluate the performance. The prototype was found to exhibit an oscillation frequency of 0.33 Hz, a work output of 0.6 J/kg/cycle, and a power density of 0.2 W/kg of gadolinium under the temperature difference of 60 K.
Cornering the Suspects in Vaping-Associated EVALI

E-cigarettes have been touted as holding great promise for the cessation of cigarette smoking, but the rapid rise in the use of e-cigarettes has brought tremendous concern regarding their addictive...
The adipose tissue and lung health: like many things in life, the extremes are not good.

Adipose tissue is not an inert organ but rather a systemic modulator of the response to environmental exposures and perhaps a potential target for therapeutic interventionhttps://bit.ly/2UPRqqd
Effectiveness and safety of holmium laser therapy via flexible bronchoscopy in 40 children with tracheobronchial tuberculosis

Objective: To explore the effectiveness and safety of holmium laser treatment via flexible bronchoscopy in children with tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB). Methods: The clinical data of 40 children with TBTB admitted in Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University from February 2016 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the treatment approach, they were divided into conventional treatment group (20 cases) and holmium laser treatment group (20 cases). The sex, age, course of disease and lesion location before treatment, and the time till relief of atelectasis and airway obstruction after treatment were compared between the two groups with t test and χ2 test. Results: Among the 40 cases, 24 were males and 16 females, and 35 had lymph node fistula (87.5%) and 5 had granulation proliferation (12.5%). There was no statistically significamt difference between the conventional group and laser group in sex (male ratio: 50%（10/20） vs. 75%（15/20）, χ2=2.66, P=0.10), age （(3.2±2.2） years vs. （2.2±1.8） years, t=1.41, P=0.16), course of disease (<1 month ratio: 30%（6/20） vs. 35%（7/20）, χ2=0.11, P=0.73), lesion location (single lesion ratio： 45%（9/20） vs. 60%(12/20), χ2=0.90, P=0.34). The effectiveness was evaluated after 3 months, and the total effective rate were 100% in laser group and 40% in conventional group, the difference was significant (χ²=25.34, P<0.01). No serious adverse events occurred in the two groups during the observational period. Conclusions: Holmium laser treatment via bronchoscopy is an effective way to remove the tuberculosis foci in the trachea, which can reduce the incidence of further related complications, and could be applied in clinical approach.
Method for computationally efficient design of dielectric laser accelerator structures.

Dielectric microstructures have generated much interest in recent years as a means of accelerating charged particles when powered by solid state lasers. The acceleration gradient (or particle energy gain per unit length) is an important figure of merit. To design structures with high acceleration gradients, we explore the adjoint variable method, a highly efficient technique used to compute the sensitivity of an objective with respect to a large number of parameters. With this formalism, the sensitivity of the acceleration gradient of a dielectric structure with respect to its entire spatial permittivity distribution is calculated by the use of only two full-field electromagnetic simulations, the original and ‘adjoint’. The adjoint simulation corresponds physically to the reciprocal situation of a point charge moving through the accelerator gap and radiating. Using this formalism, we perform numerical optimizations aimed at maximizing acceleration gradients, which generate fabricable structures of greatly improved performance in comparison to previously examined geometries.
Open resection of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas are rare, benign vascular tumors of the nasopharynx that account for less than 0.5% of all head and neck tumors. These lesions occur almost exclusively in young males. There are various approaches that allow for successful resection of nasopharyngeal angiofibromas, including open, endoscopic, and combined procedures. With the advancement of endoscopic technologies, the endoscopic approach has become the favored technique for smaller, less extensive lesions.
Nanometer-Scale-Resolution Multichannel Separation of Spherical Particles in a Rocking Ratchet with Increasing Barrier Heights

We present a nanoparticle size-separation device based on a nanofluidic rocking Brownian motor. It features a ratchet-shaped electrostatic particle potential with increasing barrier heights along the particle transport direction. The sharp drop of the particle current with barrier height is exploited to separate a particle suspension into multiple subpopulations. By solving the Fokker-Planck equation, we show that the physics of the separation mechanism is governed by the energy landscape under forward tilt of the ratchet. For a given device geometry and sorting duration, the applied force is thus the only tunable parameter to increase the separation resolution. For the experimental conditions of 3.5 V applied voltage and 20 s sorting, we predict a separation resolution of approximately $2$ nm, supported by experimental data for separating spherical gold particles of nominal diameters of 80 and 100 nm.
Artificial Intelligence Assisted Wireless Resource Allocation for Wireless Network Virtualization

Dynamic wireless resource allocation is one of the challenging problem in wireless networks to offer services with high data rate, high spectral efficiency, minimum energy and low latency when there is a high demand of limited wireless resources. To address this problem, we investigate an efficient wireless resource allocation scheme using fully connected convolutional neural network (CNN) with long time short memory (LSTM) algorithm for predicting demand of mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) to sublease spectrum from wireless infrastructure providers (WIPs) to serve MVNOs' users. WIPs sublease wireless resources to MVNOs on the fly and MVNOs act like independent wireless service providers for their end users. While maximizing their payoffs and resource utilization, it is necessary for WIPs and MVNOs to allocate wireless resources adaptively to meet users' requirements. We present both formal mathematical analysis and numerical results to support our claims. Numerical results show that the WIP and MVNO make informed decisions based on prediction for wireless resources in order to maximum their payoffs when users change their requirements. Furthermore, performance comparison results show that the proposed approach outperforms the existing approaches in terms of payoffs, energy and delay.
Initial Public Offerings: An Introduction

An Initial Public Offering (IPO) comprises a private firm’s accessing the public capital market through the sale of securities. Thereby, the firm can raise monies more readily than by the retention of profits. Other possible motivations for an IPO include the prestige of ownership of a public company or the desire of major shareholders to exit the company.
STATE GOVERNMENT Open Meetings: Revise Law

The Act substantially revises Georgia's &'s open meetings; law. The Act requires that notice of a meeting be sent to the legal organ of the county and be posted at the meeting place at lest twenty-four hours in advance of the meeting. An agenda of business acted on at the meeting must be made available to the public within two business days of the meeting. The Act now specifically covers all nonprofit organizations except nonprofit hospitals. Also, the maximum fine for a violation of the law is increased from one hundred to five hundred dollars, but the violation now must be w Finally, the Act provides that attorney's fees may be awarded in certain circumstances.
Biodistribution and Pharmacokinetics of p -Boronophenylalanine in C57BL/6 Mice with GL261 Intracerebral Tumors, and Survival Following Neutron Capture Therapy

Because much of the theoretical rationale for NCT rests on the availability of agents capable of selectively transporting 10B to tumor cells, the ability to quantify differential 10B distributions in tissue exposed to such agents is clearly of major importance. Also, since the precise intracellular location of 10B can strongly influence the biological effect of the alpha particle and 7Li recoil radiation following thermal neutron capture by 10B1, an analytic technique with a resolution of 2–3 μm is of obvious value. We have implemented a modified version of an autoradiography technique, originally developed in our laboratory at MIT2 and added a computer-aided analytic capability based on a Macintosh-II computer with a CCD TV camera and Image Analyst software (Automatix Corp., Billerica, Massachusetts)3–4. We will briefly describe our implementation of this technique and present results from a p-boronophenylalanine (BPA) biodistribution and pharmacokinetic study in an intracerebral mouse glioma and a survival study to evaluate the efficacy of NCT in this tumor model.
C-Reactive Protein and Prescription Opioid Use

Background Opioid medications affect not only the central nervous system but also immune function. Pro-inflammatory markers have been shown, although inconsistently, to increase with administration of opioids. However, few studies have been done in humans, and these have targeted non-generalizable populations (people addicted to opioids). Thus, we set out to measure the association between opioid use and inflammation, measured by C-reactive protein (CRP), in a cross-sectional analysis of a large, nationally-representative population. Methods Using data from 13,058 participants in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2010, we used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association of elevated plasma CRP (> 0.18 mg/dl) with prescription opioid use, while controlling for a number of demographic and clinical factors. Results 924 participants (6%) reported a using a prescription opioid. CRP levels were higher in opioid users than non-users with a statistically significant difference of 0.29 mg/dl (95% CI 0.21, 0.37; P <0.001). Opioid users had higher rates of poor physical health and comorbidities, and were more likely to be female, unemployed, obese, of low socioeconomic status, and to report recent tobacco or illicit drug use. In a multivariable model controlling for these and other potential confounders, high plasma CRP levels remained associated with opioid use with an odds ratio of 1.48 (95% CI 1.20, 1.81; P <0.001). Conclusions These results suggest, but cannot confirm, a pro-inflammatory effect of opioid use. Further investigations should aim to unravel the mechanisms by which opioids, in the context of various disease states, may influence inflammation. Journal of Nature and Science, 1(6):e122, 2015
Sql: 1999 Understanding Relational Language Components

Preface Chapter 1 - Database and Technology Foundations Chapter 2 - Introduction to SQL:1999 Chapter 3 - Basic Table Creation and Data Manipulation Chapter 4 - Basic Data Definition Language Chapter 5 - Values, Basic Functions and Expressions Chapter 6 - Advanced Value Expressions Chapter 7 - Predicates Chapter 8 - Working with Multiple Tables Chapter 9 - Advanced SQL Query Expressions Chapter 10 - Constraints, Assertions, and Referential Integrity Chapter 11 - Active Databases Chapter 12 - Accessing SQL From the Real World Chapter 13 - Cursors Chapter 14 - Privileges, Users, and Security Chapter 15 - Transaction Management Chapter 16 - Connections and Remote Database Access Chapter 17 - Routines and Routine Invocations Chapter 18 - Dynamic SQL: 1999 Chapter 19 - Call-Level Interface Chapter 20 - Diagnostics and Error Management Chapter 21 - Internationalization Aspects of SQL: 1999 Chapter 22 - Information Schema Chapter 23 - A Look to the Future Appendix A - Designing SQL:1999 Databases Appendix B - An SQL:1999 Application Example Appendix C - The SQL:1999 Annexes Appendix D - Relevant Standards Bodies Appendix E - Status Codes Appendix F - The SQL Standardization Process
Comparison of Salsalate and Aspirin on Mucosal Injury and Gastroduodenal Mucosal Prostaglandins

Abstract The effects of a 7.5-day course of orally administered salsalate (3.0 g/day), aspirin (3.9 g/day), or placebo on gastroduodenal mucosal injury, mucosal prostaglandin content, and plasma prostaglandin concentrations in healthy, asymptomatic human volunteers were examined. Mean serum salicylate concentrations after these doses of salsalate and aspirin were nearly identical (≈15 mg/dL). When the gastroduodenal mucosa was assessed endoscopically 1 hour after the final dose of medication, there was minimal mucosal injury in placebo-treated or salsalatetreated subjects and considerable injury in the stomach and duodenum of aspirin-treated subjects ( P 2a and E 2 content by > 90% ( P 2a concentrations by 58% ± 6%, whereas salsalate lowered them by only 11% ± 9% ( P
Announcing the New App for AI Magazine

This spring, AI Magazine launched its digital edition, which brought the magazine new interactivity and color throughout. I’m delighted to announce that this issue inaugurates another major delivery advance, the launch of the AI Magazine app.
Violence in Anthropology

Anthropologists have moved away from static categories and hierarchies of violence, commonly used by other disciplines, and toward the dynamics of continually interacting and transforming formations of violence. This article illustrates contrasting dynamics of violence for the Cold War and post-Cold War periods. It shows how anthropological perspectives complicate assumptions made about transitions from ‘war’ to ‘peace.’ Anthropologists offer new perspectives on war and peace, truth and reconciliation commissions, illicit migration and human trafficking, health care for impoverished urban sectors, and humanitarianism in action.
Anthocyanin pigment, nonvolatile acid and sugar composition of red raspberry juice

Description d'une methode de chromatographie liquide permettant d'obtenir un profil quantitatif des principaux parametres de qualite du jus de framboise. Interpretation des resultats obtenus pour des jus de framboises de differentes varietes
Integrative Analysis of Cancer Diagnosis Studies with Composite Penalization

In cancer diagnosis studies, high-throughput gene profiling has been extensively conducted, searching for genes whose expressions may serve as markers. Data generated from such studies have the ‘large d, small n’ feature, with the number of genes profiled much larger than the sample size. Penalization has been extensively adopted for simultaneous estimation and marker selection. Because of small sample sizes, markers identified from the analysis of single data sets can be unsatisfactory. A cost-effective remedy is to conduct integrative analysis of multiple heterogeneous data sets. In this article, we investigate composite penalization methods for estimation and marker selection in integrative analysis. The proposed methods use the minimax concave penalty (MCP) as the outer penalty. Under the homogeneity model, the ridge penalty is adopted as the inner penalty. Under the heterogeneity model, the Lasso penalty and MCP are adopted as the inner penalty. Effective computational algorithms based on coordinate descent are developed. Numerical studies, including simulation and analysis of practical cancer data sets, show satisfactory performance of the proposed methods.
The Frictional Performance of Carbon-Carbon Composite Materials in the Presence of Hydraulic Fluid, Runway Deicer Agent, Aircraft Deicer Agent and Sea-Salt Water

This paper concentrates on the frictional performance of two commercial carbon-carbon composite materials. "Two-directional" (2D) randomly chopped pitch fiber in charred resin matrix finally densified with smooth laminar CVI and "Three-directional" (3D) non-woven ex-PAN fibers with rough laminar CVI matrix. To evaluate the effect of various contaminants on friction performance, these materials were treated with hydraulic fluid (HF), runway deicer (RDI), aircraft deicer (ADI) and sea-salt water (SW) and their frictional performance was evaluated using a sub-scale aircraft dynamometer. Tests were performed at 50% Relative Humidity (50%RH) and different braking conditions simulating 12.5, 25, 50 and 100% normal landing energy landings (NLE). Pre-exposure of the C/C samples to contaminants significantly influenced the frictional performance when compared to virgin samples (samples without contaminants). When contaminants were present the average coefficient of friction decreased by approximately 30% - 50%. Wear of materials could not be established unambiguously, since several samples exhibited again of mass owing to the strong oxidation processes and the interaction with contaminants. Additional thermal analyses were also performed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). This analysis indicates that the presence of various contaminants can also affect the kinetics of C/C oxidation. Generally, all studied contaminants accelerate the oxidation rate of C/Cs, and this process begins at significantly lower temperatures.
Are You My People

(2013). Are You My People? The Black Scholar: Vol. 43, The Role of Black Philosophy, pp. 80-85.
GROWTH FAILURE IN INFANTS DEVELOPING SEVERE BPD OCCURS BY WEEK 3 OF POSTNATAL LIFE. 824

It is well known that infants with established bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) have poor growth. However, since the development of BPD involves the disruption of normal lung development, we hypothesize that poor growth in the early weeks of postnatal life contributes to the development of severe BPD[defined as oxygen requirement associated with characteristic X-ray changes at 36 weeks (wk) corrected gestational age (cga)]. We retrospectively evaluated 51 consecutively born neonates (1/96 to 8/96; ≤30 weeks) who had weight(wt) and head circumference (hc) measured weekly. The gestational ages(mean±sem) of infants who developed severe BPD (27.4±0.5 wk) were not different from those who did not (28.4±0.3 wk). The birth weights (979±45; 1195±56 gms), ventilation days(18.5±6.4; 3.8±1.2) and days of postnatal steroid use(2.1±0.7; 0.4±0.2) were significantly different. After controlling for these variables, wt at wk 3 of life was noted to be significantly lower (*p=0.01, repeated measures MANOVA) in babies who later developed severe BPD. Adjusted mean wts (gms) are shown.Table
Electronic structure of amorphous arsenic telluride

We have carried out time-of-flight, and transient field-effect measurements on 10 μm thick rf-sputtered α-As2Te3 films. The time-of-flight measurements, which can be performed only at low temperatures because of the relatively small mobility gap, show the predominance of multiple trapping in an exponential density of states. Transient field-effect measurements can be carried out near room temperature and also exhibit evidence for dispersive transport at short times. However, the field collapse towards the gate insulator together with space-charge effects change the time dependence and introduce serious quantitative complications. In contrast, the observed long-time transients cannot arise from multiple-trapping effects, but rather appear to be due to a bottleneck in the re-equilibration kinetics. This bottleneck very likely reflects the effects of a potential barrier retarding interconversion of the neutral defects, a necessary step in the pinning of the Fermi energy. We suggest that a distribution of different barrier heights is present, leading to dispersive transport at long times as well as short.
Enumerating Architectural Arrangements by Generating Their Underlying Graphs

One mathematical correspondence to the partitioning of the plane is a weighted plane graph (WPG). This paper first focuses on the systematic generation of WPGs, in a fashion similar to crystal growth. During this process, the WPGs are represented by adjacency matrices. We, thus, present a method for embedding the WPG in the plane, given its adjacency matrix. These graphs can, then, be mapped into floor plans. The common practice here is the use of the ‘geometric dual’ of a WPG. We propose, instead, the use of the ‘pseudogeometric dual’ of a WPG directly to translate (part of) a design brief into alternative spatial layouts. Also discussed is the ability to create courtyards and/or circulation spaces given a specific WPG, without increasing the size of the problem.
Development of a virtual manufacturing framework: from end-user performance requirements to robot competitions

This paper presents the motivation behind the new joint NIST/IEEE Virtual Manufacturing Automation Competition (VMAC). This competition strives to take the Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) user community driven requirements and turn them into a low-entry-barrier competition. The objectives, scoring, performance metrics, and operation of the competition are explained. In addition, the entry-barrier lowering infrastructure that is provided to competitors is presented.
MARKOV CHAINS: BASIC CONCEPTS AND SUGGESTED USES IN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS

Agricultural economists are often interested in characterizing or summarizing how economic processes and institutions have changed through time as well as what paths they are likely to take in future time periods. Given this interest or objective, we are therefore interested in methods of analysis that will accomplish these purposes and that are simple to apply. Within this context the major purpose of this paper is to discuss the concept of a Markov chain process and to indicate its potential usefulness in analyzing problems where detailed time-ordered data exist over some time span. As a particular vehicle for the discussion, a limited example concerning the past and potential size distribution of a sample of hog-producing firms in central Illinois will be analyzed.
Combined immunoelectron microscopic and computer-assisted image analyses to detect advanced glycation end-products in human myocardium

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) result from oxidation–reduction reactions that ensue when a sugar becomes adducted to a protein. AGEs cause various complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Experimental and clinical evidence suggest that AGEs also contribute to the complications of hypertension (HTN). Little is known about the abundance and localization of AGEs in human myocardium. In a few light microscopic studies, the AGE carboxymethyl lysine (CML) has been immunolabeled and localized virtually exclusively to the walls of small arteries. To more precisely delineate the abundance and localization of CML, we developed an immunoelectron microscopic (IEM) detection method using anti-CML monoclonal antibody 6D12 in conjunction with computer-assisted image analysis. Antibody was pre-absorbed with purified AGE-bovine serum albumin to assure specificity. Antigen–antibody (ag–ab) complexes were individually identified with protein A-conjugated colloidal gold and counted with an automated system. We applied this method in 21 patients (pts) undergoing epicardial biopsy during coronary bypass grafting (CBG) [20 M, 1 F; mean age 65 ± 7.4 (± SEM) years]. Seven pts had neither DM nor HTN, seven had HTN, and seven had DM + HTN. In contrast to the prior light microscopic studies, we detected CML scattered throughout the cardiomyocyte in all pts, but in widely varying amounts. Ag–ab complexes were abundant in sections through myofilaments (mean count 23.6 ± 9.2 per μm2, range 9.4–48) and even more so in mitochondria (mean count 34.4 ± 11.9 per μm2, range 14.1–68.2, P < 0.001 vs. myofilaments). CML was also detected in vascular endothelial cells. There were no statistically significant differences based on presence or absence of HTN or DM. In conclusion, our IEM method is the first to provide detailed delineation of the localization and abundance of CML in myocardium. CML is very prevalent in CBG pts, suggesting that AGEs could play a role in abnormal cardiomyocyte function, including altered energy metabolism.