cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
p11, a Unique Member of the S100 Family of Calcium-binding Proteins, Interacts with and Inhibits the Activity of the 85-kDa Cytosolic Phospholipase A2

Using a two hybrid system screen of a human cDNA library, we have found that p11, a unique member of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, interacts with the carboxyl region of the 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2(cPLA2). p11 synthesized in a cell-free system interacts with cPLA2 in vitro. The p11-cPLA2complex is detectable from a human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS 2B). Furthermore, p11 inhibits cPLA2 activity in vitro. Selective inhibition of p11 expression in the BEAS 2B cells by antisense RNA results in an increased PLA2activity as well as an increased release of prelabeled arachidonic acid. This study demonstrates a novel mechanism for the regulation of cPLA2 by an S100 protein.
A personal history of digital libraries

Purpose – This paper aims to present a personal view of the development of digital libraries, starting with the original vision of 1945 and describing how it came to the dominance of online searching and reading that it has today.Design/methodology/approach – Progress in digital libraries is described in four areas: technical, economic, legal and social issues. Originally technological obstacles were dominant, but they have generally been overcome by progress in computers, networks, and algorithms. Economic issues have also faded, although “open access” questions still bedevil us. Surprisingly, libraries are now faced with more serious legal obstacles than first expected; no one today can start a digital library effort without thinking about copyright. Social issues are likely to be the next set of challenges.Findings – The transformation of searching and reading has been almost complete. Scholars in scientific disciplines, in particular, often function quite well with only rare visits to a library to rea...
Dynamic equilibrium assignment with microscopic traffic simulation

This paper presents a hybrid dynamic traffic assignment model by integrating the analytical dynamic user equilibrium technique and the micro-simulator paramics. The time-dependent path flows are generated by the analytical dynamic user equilibrium model, while the network attributes such as link and path travel times are simulated by the microsimulator. In particular, a path-based assignment method is developed in this paper to replace the off-the-shelf link-based assignment method in paramics. To assure the convergence of the proposed model, the method of successive averages is applied to update dynamic path flows from iteration to iteration. Numerical examples are also provided in this paper to test the performance of the proposed hybrid model and the solution algorithm.
Hybrid Re-scheduling Mechanisms for Workflow Applications on Multi-cluster Grid

Grid computing is now a viable computational paradigm for executing large scale workflow applications. However, many aspects of performance optimization remain challenging. In this paper, we focus on the workflow scheduling mechanism. While there is much work on static scheduling approaches for workflow applications in parallel environments, little work has been done on a real-world multi-cluster Grid environment. Since a typical Grid environment is dynamic, we propose a new cluster-based scheduling mechanism that dynamically executes a top-down static scheduling algorithm using the real-time feedback from the execution monitor. We also propose a novel two phase migration mechanism that mitigates the effect of a possible bad reschedule decision. Our experimental results show that this approach achieves the best performance among all the scheduling approaches we implemented on both reserved resources and those with external loads.
A graph theoretical approach to determine a join reducer sequence in distributed query processing

Semijoin has traditionally been relied upon to reduce the cost of data transmission for distributed query processing. However, judiciously applying join operations as reducers can lead to further reduction in the amount of data transmission required. In view of this fact, we explore the approach of using join operations as reducers in distributed query processing. We first show that the problem of determining a sequence of join operations for a query can be transformed to that of finding a specific type of set of cuts to the corresponding query graph, where a cut to a graph is a partition of nodes in that graph. Then, in light of this concept, we prove that the problem of determining the optimal sequence of join operations for a given query graph is of exponential complexity, thus justifying the necessity of applying heuristic approaches to solve this problem. By mapping the problem of determining a sequence of join reducers into the one of finding a set of cuts, we develop (for tree and general query graphs, respectively) efficient heuristic algorithms to determine a join reducer sequence for distributed query processing. The algorithms developed are based on the concept of divide and conquer and are of polynomial time complexity. Simulation is performed to evaluate these algorithms. >
Heat Transfer in Isotropic and Orthotropic Materials Subjected to Laser Irradiation and Radiative Cooling

While the convective cooling of simple materials undergoing laser irradiation has been well documented, the effects of radiative cooling for composite materials undergoing laser heating are not as well documented and are of increasing importance to the manufacturing and aerospace industries. The temperature distributions within one-dimensional homogeneous and two-dimensional orthotropic radiating plates subjected to a spatially-decaying laser source are presented. The incident energy at the exposed external surface is partially absorbed and transferred through the plate by conduction. The temperature results are presented as a function of a wide variety of thermal and geometric dimensionless parameters. The effects of surface radiation and material conductivity are examined in detail. Results from this study are compared to data in the open literature to gain a better understanding of the effects that the fourth power law for radiation, local temperature gradient in conduction, and the first power of the temperature difference in convection have on the resultant temperature profiles.
Indicator of Residential Roof Strength in Wind

Much residential construction in the United States is not engineered and is inspected by building officials who often are not engineers. Roof failures in these structures occur during severe windst...
A Low Power Highly Associative Cache for Embedded Systems

Reducing energy consumption is an important issue for battery powered embedded computing systems. Content addressable memory (CAM)-based highly-associative caches (HAC) are widely used in low power embedded microprocessors. The CAM tag is costly in power, access time, and area. We have designed a low power highly associative cache (LPHAC) whose tag is partially implemented by using CAM, while the remaining tag is implemented by using SRAM. The experimental results from 10 MediaBench and all 26 SPEC2K benchmarks show the proposed LPHAC exhibits almost the identical miss rate as a traditional HAC. At the same time, it consumes 27% less per cache access power and 1.6% less area with faster access time.
Compact Dual-Band Antenna Using an Anisotropic Metamaterial

This paper presents a resonant type dual-band antenna with compact size which is realized by using an anisotropic metamaterial. The artificial anisotropic medium is implemented by employing a composite right/left-handed transmission line. The dispersion relation and the antenna physical size only depend on the composition of the unit cell and the number of cells used. By engineering the characteristics of the unit cells to be different in two orthogonal directions, the corresponding propagation constants can be controlled, thus enabling dual-band antenna resonances. In addition, the antenna dimensions can be markedly minimized by maximally reducing the unit cell size. The proposed antenna is designed at frequencies for PCS/Bluetooth applications. The physical size of the proposed dual-band antenna is 1/17lambda0x1/17lambda0x1/19lambda0 where lambda0 is the free space wavelength at 2.37GHz
Weighing empirical and hypothetical evidence for assessing potential invasive species range limits: a review of the case of Burmese pythons in the USA.

Range expansion potential is an important consid- eration for prioritizing management actions against an inva- sive species. Understanding the potential for range expansion by invasive reptiles such as the Burmese python can be challenging, because the lack of knowledge on fundamental physiological and behavioral constraints initially forces reli- ance on modeling to predict hypothetical invasive range po- tential. Hypothetical predictions for Burmese python range limits in the USA have been highly divergent, from only extreme South Florida and the extreme southern Gulf edge of Texas to a broad swath over the southern third of the continental USA. Empirical observations on python thermal tolerances and behavioral abilities to cope with more temper- ate temperatures became evident during a cold spell in De- cember 2009-January 2010. We review and highlight impor- tant considerations for improving invasive range estimation methodology, deciding between competing range predictions, and the importance of having, and applying, empirical data to aid in decision making.
Anisotropic Dry Etching of S1O2 on Si and its Impact on Surface and Near-Surface Properties of the Substrate.

In the present paper structural and chemical changes which can occur in the surface and near-surface properties of the substrate during anisotropic dry etching of SiO2 on Si will be reviewed.Silicon specimens which had been etched in CF4/X%H2 (X≤40) have been characterized by X-ray photoelectron emission spectroscopy, He ion channeling, H profiling and Raman scattering techniques.Key results of our studies are summarized as follows: Plasma exposure of a Si surface leads to the deposition of a thin (≤50A thick) C,F-film.A Si-carbide containing Si region is formed during RIE which is localized near the fluorocarbon-film/Si interface.The near-surface region (∼30–50A) of the Si substrate is also heavily disordered as found by ion channeling and Raman scattering.A modified, less damaged Si region has been found in the case of hydrogen-based etching gases, which extends from about 30–50A from the surface to a depth in extent of 250A and contains a high concentration (∼ 5 at.%) of H as shown by hydrogen profiling techniques.From the observation of Si-H and Si-H2 vibrational modes by Raman scattering it has been shown that some of the H is bonded to the Si lattice.
Crowding Effects on Diffusion in Solutions and Cells

We review the effects of molecular crowding on solute diffusion in solution and in cellular aqueous compartments and membranes. Anomalous diffusion, in which mean squared displacement does not increase linearly with time, is predicted in simulations of solute diffusion in media crowded with fixed or mobile obstacles, or when solute diffusion is restricted or accelerated by a variety of geometric or active transport processes. Experimental measurements of solute diffusion in solutions and cellular aqueous compartments, however, generally show Brownian diffusion. In cell membranes, there are examples of both Brownian and anomalous diffusion, with the latter likely produced by lipid-protein and protein-protein interactions. We conclude that the notion of universally anomalous diffusion in cells as a consequence of molecular crowding is not correct and that slowing of diffusion in cells is less marked than has been generally assumed.
N-cadherin, a potential novel therapeutic target in small cell lung cancer

18134 Background: New treatment ideas are needed in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). N-cadherin which is associated with increased tumor invasiveness is a potential novel therapeutic target. It seems...
Offices and Policies: Why Do Oppositional Parties Form Pre-Electoral Coalitions in Authoritarian Regimes?

This paper investigates the occurrence of oppositional pre-electoral coalitions in competitive authoritarian regimes. Using a unique database of 115 elections in 57 countries, during the period 1989-2004, the paper argues that oppositional parties’ potential for policy - as well as office - gains affects the willingness to form coalitions. In this way coalition behaviour under authoritarianism is similar to the same process in consolidated democracy. However, the lack of a clear policy dimension in many electoral authoritarian regimes, and the fact that the electoral arena is tilted in favour of the incumbent regime, makes oppositional coalitions rare in this context. The article show the first statistical evidence that coalitions are more probable when an oppositional victory seems realistic. When incumbent economic performance is poor and when elections are preceded by political liberalization, coalitions are more likely to be formed. Similarly, by utilizing unique data on party policy preferences, the study shows that ideologically coherent oppositional parties with distinctive policy differences compared to the incumbent government are more likely to coordinate their campaigns.
The Role of Surgery Following Chemotherapy in Stage III Germ Cell Neoplasms

Abstract After curative chemotherapy 58 patients with metastatic germinal tumors and 2 with extragonadal germinal tumors underwent an operation either to confirm a clinical complete response or to remove a residual mass. Biomarker status was converted to negative in all patients. Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy was done in 22 patients after a complete clinical response was achieved and in 23 after an apparent complete response was achieved except for a residual retroperitoneal mass. Thoracotomy was done for a residual mass in 13 patients, while 2 underwent bilateral thoracotomy. Scarring was found in 25 patients (42 per cent), teratoma in 14 (23 per cent) and active tumor in 17 (28 per cent). One patient with scarring and primary seminoma died of disseminated seminoma, while 1 with primary teratocarcinoma died of disseminated disease, for a false negative rate of 3 per cent. Four patients with a residual mass showed unexpected findings: 2 had granulomas in the lung, 1 had carcinoid of the lung and 1 had retroperitoneal neurofibroma. Thus, there was a 7 per cent incidence of a mass being other than scar, teratoma or residual tumor. There was 1 operative death and 10 deaths of tumor, for an 18 per cent death rate. Of the 17 patients with active tumor 9 responded to salvage chemotherapy with stable complete remission and a minimum followup of 18 months. In addition to the 60 patients the advanced disease in 10 was surgically debulked after failure of chemotherapy and this procedure was followed by salvage chemotherapy. All 10 patients died, with a median survival of 7 months. The lack of responsiveness to chemotherapy was not improved by incomplete removal of tumor.
Housing recovery in the aftermath of a catastrophe

Understand housing recovery process after disaster from material resource viewpoint.System dynamics to study problem at reconstruction material supply level.Shows importance of timing in decision making for supplies in housing recovery.Results in anticipating demand requirements with uncertainties related to disaster. Background/purposeThe occurrence of catastrophic events proves disastrous as they cause significant physical damages, both at the human and material levels. Depending on the magnitude of the event, a natural phenomenon can potentially lead to loss of life, home destruction and alter the economic and social structures of the affected community. The purpose of this study is to gain a deeper insight into the housing recovery process following a catastrophic event from the material resources perspective. MethodA System Dynamics (SD) model is developed in this paper to study the problem at the reconstruction/repair material supply level in an affected area. The model describes the behavior of material resources in the housing reconstruction and recovery planning a catastrophic event. ResultsIt enables deeper understanding of the implications of the occurrence of a disaster on the housing material fluctuations. This model considers, due to the resources shortage created, the amount of material adjustments to make in the aftermath of a highly disruptive event. Theoretical results show satisfaction as the model displays expected results, reflecting the importance of timing in decision making for supplies, in the housing recovery progress. ContributionThe proposed model brings more insight into the types of the housing recovery and the material demands over time. It provides a means to anticipate the demand requirements and alleviate the population's suffering, considering the uncertainties associated with disaster.
Towards an analysis-driven rapid design process for cyber-physical systems

System design typically involves the specification of requirements and evaluation of the design with respect to those requirements. The requirements describe and quantify the desired physical and software properties of the system. Evaluating requirements often involves performing domain-specific analysis. Domain-specific analyses are spread across a wide range of domains and tools, e.g., geometric properties vs. dynamics behavior of the system. Different analysis types require different tools, where each tool targets a narrow range of domains or a single domain. For large system designs, the requirements could be too complex to be evaluated by a single analysis tool. In such cases, the coupling of multiple domains and analysis tools is inevitable, and managing these interactions can prove to be difficult, often leading to wasted efforts. In this paper we present an analysis-driven rapid design process for Cyber-Physical Systems that spans multiple domain models and various analysis tools from a wide range of domains, and helps to reduce the design time through the following: (1) revealing and tracking instances of cross-domain coupling, thereby reducing design time; (2) disqualifying non-viable design configurations; and (3) using analysis templates for continuous design evolution with respect to the requirements; minor adjustments to requirements can be done seamlessly, without a complete redesign of the existing reusable analysis templates. Furthermore, we present a case study for an automotive driveline design to demonstrate an implementation of this process.
Urban and agricultural wastes for use as mulches on avocado and citrus and for delivery of microbial biocontrol agents

SummaryUrban and agricultural waste products generally available to avocado and citrus growers in southern California were analyzed for their suitability for use as bioenhanced mulches on citrus and avocado. Of the mulches tested only yard waste (consisting of wood chips, grass and leaves), rice hulls and rice hulls-and-paper were not harmful to any growth parameter of citrus or avocado and were also adequate substrates for the growth of three biocontrol agents: Trichoderma harzianum, Gliocladium virens, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Several mulches such as milled peanut hulls, milled almond hulls, chicken manure, a horse/cow manure mixture, cow manure and alfalfa hay were poor substrates for growth of the biocontrol agents and were damaging to at least one growth parameter of avocado and citrus. These mulches released toxic amounts of ammonia upon degradation, some in excess of 1000 µg NH3−1 dry wt. The percentage of healthy citrus roots, percentage of healthy avocado roots and growth of T. harzianum and ...
INCREMENTAL VALUE OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC REAL TIME PERFUSION IMAGING IN PREDICTING OUTCOME OF ADVANCED KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL TRANSPLANTATION

CAD remains the leading cause of death in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, and stress imaging is advocated for the preoperative risk assessment in those patients undergoing renal transplantation (RT). Low mechanical index perfusion during stress echocardiography may better identify those at
Design of Multi-function Infrared Image Source System Based on FPGA

A multi-function infrared image source system is designed based on FPGA.The signal source system has important use in reducing cost,shortening develop period and advancing develop quality.By using the EP2S60-FPGA of Alter Co.as the hardware architecture,an infrared image source system is designed.This system can carry out double outputs that are infrared digital image video output and infrared analog image video output by using data-compress,data-expand,value-insert and format-convert methods.It can download infrared image signal or input CCD real-time image signal conveniently and output in infrared image format.It can be used as the input of infrared image signal processor.
Rodents surveillance in Zhejiang province

Objective To understand the density and species of rodents in Zhejiang province and provide evidence for rodent control and the prevention of rodent-borne disease. Methods The night trapping method was used to monitor the species composition and density of rodents. The surveillance was conducted in residential area,special industry area and rural natural village every month. Results Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species in most areas of Zhejiang in 2012. followed by Mus musculus and Rattus tanezumi. The average density of rodents was 0. 82 per 100 rattrap. Mus musculus was the dominant species in Hangzhou and Haiyan. Rattus tanezumi was the dominant species in Lishui. Annual density dynamic curve of rodents had peaks. The highest rodent density,3. 64 per 100 rattrap,was recorded in Jiangshan. Conclusion Several species of rodents which can transmit disease were found in Zhejian. It is important to strengthen the top-design,the integrated surveillance and the control of rodent-borne diseases.
Robot Diaries: An Interdisciplinary Collaboration to Design and Evaluate Educational Robotics.

In this extended abstract we present an overview of the Robot Diaries project for consideration for inclusion in the upcoming spring 2007 AAAI workshop on Multidisciplinary Collaboration for Socially Assistive Robots. Robot Diaries is an educational robotics project that brings together researchers from robotics, informal education, and design to develop and evaluate a robot platform and curriculum for middle-school girls. We believe Robot Diaries would make a worthwhile inclusion to the workshop because of its highly interdisciplinary team and emphasis on participatory design.
Atrial natriuretic factor in the pediatric intensive care unit.

Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) is a recently discovered hormone with significant implications for the critically ill patient. This hormone is intimately involved in fluid and electrolyte balance, vascular tone, renal blood flow, and the renin-angiotensin system. ANF may provide new therapies and additional understanding of many criticai care problems.
Analyzing injury crashes using random-parameter bivariate regression models

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a random-parameter bivariate zero-inflated negative binomial (RBZINB) regression model for analyzing the effects of investigated variables on crash frequencies. A Bayesian approach is employed as the estimation method, which has the strength of accounting for the uncertainties related to models and parameter values. The modeling framework has been applied to the bivariate injury crash counts obtained from 1000 intersections in Tennessee over a five-year period. The results reveal that the proposed RBZINB model outperforms other investigated models and provides a superior fit. The proposed RBZINB model is useful in gaining new insights into how crash occurrences are influenced by the risk factors. In addition, the empirical studies show that the proposed RBZINB model has a smaller prediction bias and variance, as well as more accurate coverage probability in estimating model parameters and crash-free probabilities.
The Invisible Cinema of Marcel Hanoun

When Marcel Hanoun died on 22 September 2012 at the age of 82, it caused barely a ripple in the media, and even in the world of experimental cinema. And yet Hanoun was a major filmmaker, whose near total critical eclipse after an initial burst of critical interest is an indictment of cinema history as a function of canon. It’s true that Hanoun’s films are difficult, but no more so than Jean-Luc Godard’s, who was a fan of Hanoun’s work; it’s true that Hanoun turned his back on commercial cinema to work as a perennial outsider, but again, cinema has many rebellious figures in its history who continue to hold a claim on our memory. But Hanoun is in death, as he was in life, an almost phantom auteur, “discovered” in the early 1960s, and then summarily dismissed.
Extremity firearm trauma: the impact of injury pattern on clinical outcomes.

As a group, the extremities are the most commonly injured anatomic region in nonfatal firearm trauma and are associated with high rates of vascular and bony injury. This study examines the epidemiology, incidence and distribution of firearm-related extremity trauma and the relationship between injury pattern and local or systemic complications. Review of the National Trauma Databank identified 6987 patients with isolated extremity firearm injury. Epidemiologic data, injury pattern incidence, and local and systemic complications were reviewed. Multivariate analysis identified the impact of extremity injury pattern on complications. Overall fracture incidence was 22 per cent. Fracture was associated with both vascular (odds ratio [OR], 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5 to 2.4; P Language: en
Pyogenic Sacroiliac Arthritis Resulting in Septic Shock in a Postpartum Patient: A Rare Problem with a Rare Organism: A Case Report.

In developed countries, the incidence of postpartum infection following live childbirth is 6%1. Septic shock is a rare sequela of postpartum infection, occurring in only 0.1 to 0.6 per 1000 deliveries2. The leading cause of infection after a vaginal delivery is mastitis, followed by urinary tract infection. Other causes include endometritis, episiotomy site infection, respiratory complications related to anesthesia, retained products of conception, and septic pelvic phlebitis1,3. Many postpartum infections are polymicrobial, but common pathogens include gram-positive organisms (Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species), gram-negative rods ( Escherichia coli ), sexually transmitted pathogens ( Chlamydia trachomatis ), and anaerobic bacteria4. Osteoarticular infection after childbirth is perhaps the rarest of postpartum infections, and there are little data about its incidence. Case reports describing septic arthritis of the sacroiliac joint or osteomyelitis of the pelvis have been published5-8. In all of these reports, common pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus or E. coli were the causative agents. We report a case of acute pyogenic sacroiliac arthritis caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum resulting in septic shock following an uncomplicated, spontaneous vaginal delivery. To our knowledge, no such report has been published previously in the literature. The patient was informed that data concerning her case would be submitted for publication, and she provided consent. Eleven days following an uncomplicated, spontaneous vaginal delivery (with an episiotomy) of a healthy baby girl, a previously well, gravida-1, para-1, nineteen-year-old woman presented to a community urgent care clinic with progressive fatigue and non-bloody diarrhea as well as abdominal, back, and buttock pain. She denied having had fevers, chills, or night sweats. Physical examination revealed tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypotension. Laboratory data revealed acute renal failure (creatinine [Cr], 3.8 mg/dL [normal, 0.4 to 1.1 mg/dL]), a white blood-cell count (WBC) of 10,800/μL (normal, 4.0 …
An Assessment of African-American and 'Have Not' Congressional Representation in the Post-VRA South

The civil rights era wrought a revolution in southern politics and precipitated some of the most momentous political changes in U.S. history. The precipitous increase in black turnout is incontrovertible, as is the reemergence of the southern GOP in the decades following the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (VRA). Beyond this, many questions remain. In particular, it is unclear why southern democratization did not finally tip the balance of power in favor the region’s “have-nots,” as V. O. Key (1949) and Martin Luther King, Jr. (1965) predicted. This article utilizes novel archival data, formal theory, and statistical methods to provide an account of congressional policy outputs structured around these two accountability mechanisms: “electoral replacement,” which results from a dissatisfied electorate “voting the bums out,” and “ideological adaptation,” wherein incumbents’ preemptively revise their policy positions to avoid such evictions. We develop an explicatory model that characterizes southern elections as a “two-front war,” with black reenfranchisement giving rise to new threats from both sides of the political spectrum. In equilibrium, Democratic and Republican hopefuls strike a balance between the competing electoral pressures acting on them. The theory provides a more comprehensive explanation for historical policies than previous work and motivates improved empirical research designs. To assess the dyadic district/legislator factors affecting members’ policies, we analyze a rich set of data that includes novel scaled roll call voting scores in distinct economic and civil rights issue areas (to quantify members’ spatial policy positions), and the within-district distribution of federal transfers from the Consolidated Federal Funds Reports (CFFR), to quantify members’ positions with respect to the distribution of pork. Overall, our findings show a remarkable lack of responsiveness to the size of the African-American electorate (especially the Senate), across multiple policy metrics.
Does Calculus Help in Principles of Economics Courses? Estimates Using Matching Estimators

This paper estimates the impact of taking a calculus course on student performance in principles of economics. The analysis takes into account the role of observable student characteristics that are likely to influence the calculus choice and the outcome in the economics course. Propensity score matching provides estimates of the treatment effect of taking calculus when there is selection on observable factors. Matching estimation and OLS both suggest statistically significant and positive effects of taking calculus before principles. The estimates of the impact of taking calculus from matching techniques are, in this case, generally similar to those obtained by OLS. The matching estimation suggests that the largest benefit of calculus may be for those less likely – but not the least likely – to take it.
Pumping of magnons in a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya ferromagnet

We formulate a microscopic linear response theory of magnon pumping applicable to multiple-magnonic-band uniform ferromagnets with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions. From the linear response theory, we identify the extrinsic and intrinsic contributions where the latter is expressed via the Berry curvature of magnonic bands. We observe that in the presence of a time-dependent magnetization Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions can act as fictitious electric fields acting on magnons. We study various current responses to this fictitious field and analyze the role of Berry curvature. In particular, we obtain an analog of the Hall-like response in systems with nontrivial Berry curvature of magnon bands. After identifying the magnon-mediated contribution to the equilibrium Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, we also establish the Onsager reciprocity between the magnon mediated thermal torques and heat pumping. We apply our theory to the magnonic heat pumping and torque responses in honeycomb and kagome lattice ferromagnets.
Genetic Models of Reflex Epilepsy and SUDEP in Rats and Mice

Reflex seizures are triggered by external stimuli and occur in human epilepsy and many animal models. Human reflex seizures are commonly induced by visual stimuli, and most rodent reflex seizures are triggered by acoustic stimuli, which are termed audiogenic seizures (AGS). Prominent AGS models include DBA/1 and DBA/2 mice and genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPRs), which include GEPR-3s and GEPR-9s, that exhibit differing seizure severities. GEPRs are widely used to study neuronal networks of generalized seizures and anticonvulsant actions on neurons in this network. DBA mice are used in anticonvulsant screening studies and as models of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). SUDEP preventative studies in DBA mice are investigating drugs that reduce the effect of adenosine or enhance the action of serotonin. Further work in these models is directed toward improved understanding of the neuronal mechanisms of epilepsy and SUDEP and developing better methods of prevention and treatment.
Trajectories of Responses to Pictorial Cigarette Pack Warnings.

Background Pictorial warnings on cigarette packs are a cost-effective policy-level intervention for smoking cessation; however, little research has examined changes in the impact of warnings over time, especially shortly following the first exposure to pictorial warnings. We sought to characterize the trajectories of responses to pictorial cigarette pack warnings soon after first exposure. Methods Participants were 2149 adult smokers in North Carolina and California, United States. In 2014-2015, we randomized smokers to have pictorial (intervention) or text-only (control) warnings on their cigarette packs for 4 weeks. Weekly surveys assessed psychosocial and behavioral outcomes. Results After 1 week, smokers in the intervention arm reported higher levels of most outcomes, compared with the control arm. Over subsequent weeks, smokers in both trial arms had decreases in thinking about the harms of smoking (β = -0.046), positive (β = -0.036), and negative (β = -0.042) smoking reinforcement attitudes, and increases in quit intentions (β = 0.070) and cigarette forgoing (β = 0.137) (all p < .05). Only negative affective reactions decreased more in the intervention versus control condition (pinteraction < .01). Conclusions The impact of pictorial cigarette pack warnings on emotions and cognitions may wane over time. In contrast, quit intentions and cigarette forgoing may continue to increase, at least during the initial period after introduction. Rotation of pictorial warnings may help prevent warning wear-out. Implications Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality and warnings on cigarette packs are a cost-effective policy-level intervention. Prior studies reporting on cigarette pack warning "wear out" have been limited by being short-term single-session experimental studies. Ours are the first study to experimentally examine the trajectories of several outcomes after first exposure and report that the impact of pictorial cigarette pack warnings on emotions and cognitions may wane over time while quit intentions and cigarette forgoing may continue to increase. Trials Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02247908; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02247908.
Manifold Transfer Subspace Learning (MTSL) for Applications in Aided Target Recognition

This article describes how transfer subspace learning has recently gained popularity for its ability to perform cross-dataset and cross-domain object recognition. The ability to leverage existing d...
Ocular Infections Due to Anaerobic Bacteria

The increased recovery of anaerobic bacteria in clinical infection has led to greater appreciation of these organisms in ocular infections. In studies that employed adequate method for recovery of anaerobes they were isolated from about a third of patients with conjunctivitis, half of the time in pure culture. The predominant recovered anaerobes were Clostridium spp., Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli, and Peptostreptococcus spp. Anaerobic bacteria were also recovered from patients who wore contact lenses and developed conjunctivitis. Anaerobic bacteria were also reported in cases of keratitis. The most frequently recovered anaerobes were Propionibacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Clostridium spp., Prevotella spp., and Fusobacterium spp. The most frequently recovered anaerobes from dacryocystitis were Peptostreptococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Prevotella spp., and Fusobacterium spp. This review describes the microbiology, diagnosis and management of ocular infections due to anaerobic bacteria in children.
Computerized Instruction, Information Systems, and School Teachers

The increasing application of computerized instructional and information management systems in elementary and secondary schools is beginning to transform relationships between teachers and principals. Still in its infancy, this technological change is already affecting the norms of the occupation, the process of supervision, and the professional control of classroom processes.
Trends in the oxidation and relative volatility of chamber-generated secondary organic aerosol.

The relationship between the oxidation state and relative volatility of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from the oxidation of a wide range of hydrocarbons is investigated using a fast-stepping, sca...
Diagnostic Approach to Chronic Meningitis

Chronic meningitis is defined as cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis that persists for at least 4 weeks without spontaneous resolution. The differential diagnosis of chronic meningitis is broad, encompassing 4 main categories, including infectious, autoimmune, neoplastic, and idiopathic. Up to one-third of cases have no discernible cause, making chronic meningitis a diagnostic dilemma for many clinicians. This article suggests a diagnostic approach to chronic meningitis using clinical history, key examination findings, selective advanced testing, and neuroimaging. Case presentations demonstrate application of a diagnostic algorithm, followed by a brief discussion on common infectious pathogens, autoimmune conditions, and neoplastic disease with selected treatment regimens.
Magnetic ionic liquid-enhanced isothermal nucleic acid amplification and its application to rapid visual DNA analysis.

Abstract Isothermal nucleic acid amplification (INAA) techniques such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and isothermal multiple-self-matching-initiated amplification (IMSA) constitute simple and rapid approaches for the detection of pathogens. However, due to the employment of multiple primers, the detection of LAMP and IMSA products is easily influenced by high background signals from primer dimer-based nonspecific nucleic acid amplification (NSA) products. Moreover, time-consuming sample preparation steps are often required for the isolation of sufficiently pure nucleic acid prior to INAA. To address these drawbacks, hydrophobic magnetic ionic liquids (MILs) were used to rapidly preconcentrate DNA from complex biological samples followed by direct amplification by LAMP and IMSA. Careful control of the components within the isothermal buffer permitted direct addition of DNA-enriched MIL to the INAA reaction mixture, thereby circumventing tedious purification procedures that are ordinarily required prior to downstream DNA amplification. When added directly to INAA reactions, MIL solvents released metal ions that ultimately inhibited the primer dimer-mediated NSA, resulting in a flat or decreased baseline signal in no-template control samples and short threshold time for positive reactions. Using a MIL-based single droplet DNA extraction method, MIL-enhanced INAA reaction system, and a handheld 3D printed device for visual detection of the amplified product in customized tubes, we demonstrate the potential of the MIL-based approach for the onsite analysis of DNA from pathogens.
Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Isolated Monodisperse Gold Nanorods

Although gold nanorods (AuNRs) have strong potential applications in nanotechnology, plasmonics, and sensing, the scale-up synthesis of isolated AuNRs in gram quantities remains a challenge. Nearly all previously reported methods produce aqueous solutions of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-coated AuNRs in milligram quantities with yields of approximately 20-30 % in terms of AuI to Au0 conversion. In addition, it is difficult to remove the CTAB bilayer from the surface of AuNRs and yet make them soluble and functionalized for further processing and chemical modification. This report describes the synthesis of monodisperse functionalized AuNRs (standard deviation, σ≈5 %) in gram quantities. Our approach involved increasing the concentration of HAuCl4 ⋅3 H2 O in the growth solution to produce larger quantities of starting AuNRs and further reducing the remaining AuI ions onto the surface of AuNRs. The slow and controlled addition of ascorbic acid as a reducing agent continued the conversion of AuI into Au0 (through a disproportionation reaction) onto the surface of the nanorods, which maintained their uniform morphology without creating any unwanted impurities of various shapes. In addition, this approach significantly narrowed the size distribution owing to continuous growth of the partially grown AuNRs during the initial stage of the synthesis. To isolate a 1 g quantity of the AuNRs and to make them functionalized for further chemical reactions, a ligand-exchange approach was utilized, in which the CTAB surfactant was replaced with 4-mercaptophenol. The thiol group from 4-mercaptophenol formed a covalent bond with the surface of the AuNRs, leaving free functional OH groups available for further chemical coupling reactions. For the ligand-exchange process, a concentrated solution of 4-mercaptophenol in tetrahydrofuran solution was introduced into the AuNRs solution. Pure AuNRs functionalized with 4-mercaptophenol were isolated by dispersion and rinsing with an excess amount of THF, followed by centrifugation.
Deriving the bodily grounding of living beings with molecular autopoiesis

“Are living beings extended autopoietic systems? An embodied reply,” makes the case for grounding the autopoietic definition of living beings to the discrete bodies of organisms rather than to auto...
Cognitive Therapy and Brain-Injury: Theoretical and Clinical Issues

The present manuscript examines the conceptual and practical issues of cognitively-oriented psychotherapeutic methods to those individuals suffering from brain-injury. The manuscript briefly reviews various types of brain-injuries, associated cognitive and emotional changes, and the implications of cognitive deficits for the practice of cognitively-oriented psychotherapy. In particular, the practice of Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) with brain damaged individuals is discussed. The manuscript highlights the cognitive limitations of brain-injured individuals and the necessary adjustments required to develop more effective forms of cognitive psychotherapeutic intervention.
Associations between traumatic brain injury from intimate partner violence and future psychosocial health risks in women.

Abstract Objective The effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) incurred during military service are widely studied; however, less is known about TBI resulting from intimate partner violence (“IPV-related TBI”). Women Veterans are at high risk for IPV, yet no research has examined future psychosocial health risks associated with IPV-related TBI history in this population. Methods We examined psychiatric and physical health outcomes, as well as IPV, in a sample of women Veterans who, at Time 1, reported IPV-related TBI with (n = 13) or without (n = 20) persistent symptoms; that is, symptoms such as memory problems, balance problems or dizziness, sensitivity to bright light, irritability, headaches, and sleep problems that began or got worse immediately following the IPV-related TBI and occurred within the past week. These women completed web-based surveys 18 months later (Time 2), which included validated measures of psychiatric and physical health symptoms as well as past-year IPV. We conducted linear regressions to model whether T1 IPV-related TBI with persistent symptoms predicted worse health outcomes at T2, in comparison to T1 IPV-related without persistent symptoms. Results Controlling for significant covariates (i.e., military sexual trauma; MST), IPV-related TBI with persistent symptoms at Time 1 was associated with significantly worse outcomes at Time 2 across all health outcome domains (sr2 range: 0.12–0.37). After controlling for MST and probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at Time 1, IPV-related TBI with persistent symptoms at Time 1 remained significantly associated with worse Time 2 symptoms of insomnia, depression, and physical health (sr2 range: 0.12–0.25). Conclusion Women who experience IPV-related TBI with persistent symptoms are at higher risk for worse psychosocial health outcomes 18 months later. Findings necessitate screening IPV survivors for TBI with persistent symptoms and tailoring TBI and psychosocial interventions to reduce risk for ongoing health sequelae.
Chapter 1 – The Idea of Community Policing

Publisher Summary Community policing not only addresses community concerns, but it is a philosophy that turns traditional policing on its head by empowering the community rather than dictating to the community. Community policing rests on the belief that only by working together with people the police is able to improve quality of life. Community policing is a grassroots form of participation, rather than a representative top–down approach to address contemporary community life. It has taken a number of directions; there is a common overarching logic and structure to it. Four major facets occur when community policing is implemented: (1) the philosophical facet, (2) the organizational and personnel facet, (3) the strategic facet, and (4) the programmatic facet. All four facets must exist if a department is implementing community policing. Community policing represents a comprehensive attack on community problems. Community policing signals a time, whereby the police are concerned with people and their problems as opposed to focusing solely on responding to calls for service and making arrests. Community policing requires the police work as closely as possible with people to identify and solve their problems. Under Community policing, crime reduction and “crook-catching” are not primary objectives, but represent strategies that are a part of a rich, over-arching philosophy.
Cellular Senescence in Aging Mucosal Tissues Is Accentuated by Periodontitis

Understanding the biologic mechanisms that cause declines in cellular, tissue, and organ functions is a strategy to enhance a healthy aging process. The biology of aging is impacted by both environmental and genetic factors that pre-dispose to variation in the rate of senescence across the population, with extensive variation in aging effects at the individual subject level. These findings are consistent with broader health data demonstrating that aging is accompanied by increased susceptibility to autoimmune, infectious, and inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis. The interdisciplinary implementation of investigations in geroscience addresses aging in the context of chronic age–related diseases and geriatric syndromes. A component aspect underlying these interrelationships is the evolving area of biologic aging to better describe and predict an individual rate of senescence based upon arrays of intrinsic and extrinsic variables that could more effectively model the kinetics of appearance and progression of age-related diseases. This has led to evolving strategies for the development of geroprotective and senolytic therapeutics to enhance healthy aging. This report provides data regarding cellular senescence patterns in gingival tissues with healthy aging and periodontitis. It also proposes that this chronic widespread disease may not simply reflect aging processes by also being a detrimental factor for “gerovulnerability” that should advance new insights into the importance of prevention/treatment of periodontitis with the overall composite of healthy aging strategies.