cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Flexibility of event boundaries in autobiographical memory

Events have clear and consistent boundaries that are defined during perception in a manner that influences memory performance. The natural process of event segmentation shapes event definitions during perception, and appears to play a critical role in defining distinct episodic memories at encoding. However, the role of retrieval processes in modifying event definitions is not clear. We explored how such processes changed event boundary definitions at recall. In Experiment 1 we showed that distance from encoding is related to boundary flexibility. Participants were more likely to move self-reported event boundaries to include information reported beyond those boundaries when recalling more distant events compared to more recent events. In Experiment 2 we showed that age also influenced boundary flexibility. Older Age adults were more likely to move event boundaries than College Age adults, and the relationship between distance from encoding and boundary flexibility seen in Experiment 1 was present only in...
On the nature of α-mannosidase-resistant linkages in glycoproteins

The mannose residue in Asn-(GlcNAc)2(Man)1, a glycosyl-asparagine sequence common to RNase B, ovalbumin, and many other glycoproteins, is resistant to hydrolysis by α-mannosidases from jack bean meal and hen oviduct. This residue is hydrolyzed, however, by a partially purified β-mannosidase fraction from hen oviduct. Similar results were obtained with partially purified α- and β-mannosidases from rat epididymis.
An effect of ouabain on isolated heart tissue from cardiomyopathic Syrian hamsters.

Abstract The effect of ouabain on respiration of mechanically chopped cardiac tissue from normal and cardiomyopathic hamster was measured. When compared to a “ouabain-sensitive” species, i.e. the guinea pig, the respiration of normal hamster heart was not markedly altered by ouabain (10 −8 m or 10 −6 m ). However, the cardiomyopathic hamster strain, BIO-40.54, exhibited significant respiratory stimulation in response to 10 −8 m -ouabain when compared to the control hamsters. A decreased association of [H 3 ]-ouabain with hamster heart particulate subcellular fractions was noted with reference to similar fractions from guinea pig heart. A similar pattern was observed in the subcellular fractions from the cardiomyopathic hamster but with a trend toward increased recovery of [H 3 ]-ouabain in the particulate fractions. An increased sensitivity of the cardiomyopathic hamsters to ouabain is suggested.
Repeated methylphenidate treatment in adolescent rats alters gene regulation in the striatum.

Methylphenidate is a psychostimulant which inhibits the dopamine transporter and produces dopamine overflow in the striatum, similar to the effects of cocaine. Excessive dopamine action is often associated with changes in gene expression in dopamine-receptive neurons. Little is known about methylphenidate's effects on gene regulation. We investigated whether a methylphenidate treatment regimen known to produce behavioural changes would alter gene expression in the striatum. Using in situ hybridization histochemistry, we assessed the effects of acute and repeated methylphenidate treatment on the expression of immediate-early genes (c-fos, zif 268) and neuropeptides (dynorphin, substance P, enkephalin) in adolescent rats. Acute methylphenidate treatment (0-10 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a dose-dependent increase in the expression of c-fos and zif 268. These effects were most pronounced in the dorsal striatum at middle to caudal striatal levels, and were found for doses as low as 2 mg/kg. Repeated treatment with methylphenidate (10 mg/kg/day, 7 days) increased the expression of dynorphin, which was highly correlated with the acute immediate-early gene response across different striatal regions. Moreover, after repeated methylphenidate treatment, cocaine-induced expression of c-fos and zif 268, as well as of substance P, was significantly attenuated throughout the striatum. These effects of repeated methylphenidate treatment mirror those produced by repeated treatment with cocaine or other psychostimulants and are considered to reflect drug-induced neuroadaptations. Thus, our findings demonstrate that acute and repeated methylphenidate treatment can produce molecular alterations similar to other psychostimulants.
Amniocentesis in sociocultural perspective.

This article reports on an anthropological investigation of the social impact and cultural meaning of amniocentesis conducted in New York City, illustrating how class differences, as well as sociocultural diversity, deeply affect pregnant women's acceptance, rejection, and interpretation of prenatal testing. The article also suggests the importance of recognizing how counselors' cultural backgrounds and styles affect patient-counselor communications.
Bootstrap and Traditional Standard Errors of the Point-Biserial.

Because of the wide usage of the point-biserial, three methods of estimating the point-biserial correlation coefficient standard errors that involved (a) assuming normality, (b) not assuming normal...
Capillary biomolecular separations

This article summarizes the recent advances in microcolumn separations of biopolymers. Microcolumn liquid chromatography is primarily emphasized for its role as a micropreparative and fractionation tool, whereas high-performance capillary electrophoresis is demonstrated as a highly efficient technique for final analyses. Following a brief discussion of new trends in instrumentation, the recent applications of capillary techniques to proteins, DNA and glycoconjugates are reviewed.
Atmospheric science: Aerosols, clouds and climate

The influence of aerosols on climate is one of the greatest uncertainties in projections of future climate. A long-term observational study suggests that aerosols increase the frequency of rainfall events in convective clouds.
Tactile interruption management: tactile cues as task-switching reminders

Tactile cuing has been suggested as a method of interruption management for busy visual environments. This study examined the effectiveness of tactile cues as an interruption management strategy in a multi-tasking environment. Sixty-four participants completed a continuous aircraft monitoring task with periodic interruptions of a discrete gauge memory task. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups; one group had to remember to monitor for interruptions while the other group received tactile cues indicating an interruption’s arrival and location. As expected, the cued participants evidenced superior performance on both tasks. The results are consistent with the notion that tactile cues transform the resource-intensive, time-based task of remembering to check for interruptions into a simpler, event-based task, where cues assume a portion of the workload, permitting the application of valuable resources to other task demands. This study is discussed in the context of multiple resource theory and has practical implications for systems design in environments consisting of multiple, visual tasks and time-sensitive information.
Jane Elliot Meets Foucault: The Formation of Ethical Identities in the Classroom.

This article looks at the popular, yet controversial, pedagogical exercise originated by Jane Elliot in the early 1970s. The "Blue-Eyed, Brown-Eyed" activity is analysed as a possible tool of moral education utilising Michel Foucault's theories of ethical self-formation and care of the self . By first explicating Foucault's ethics, the author reveals how the exercise, as practised in the post-secondary classroom, can be considered part of the "technologies of the self" advocated by Foucault that are integral to the process of creating an ethical self. Moving beyond "knowledge of" oppression, in this instance "racial" inequality and degradation, to a more profound understanding of justice depends on our ability to sympathise with others. The author, in adopting Foucaut's model of moral development as ethical/liberatory/aesthetic practice, is claiming that self-construction, the constant critique and shaping of our persons as ethical beings, must be considered a central aim of moral pedagogy. Such an educat...
Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate levels in human follicular fluid: relationship to oocyte maturation and achievement of pregnancy after in vitro fertilization.

cAMP, estradiol (E2), and progesterone levels were determined in 24 follicular fluid samples obtained from 8 women who conceived after in vitro fertilization and in 47 samples from 26 women who did not. Follicular development was induced by human menopausal gonadotropin, and maturation of retrieved oocytes was assessed by the degree of cumulus mucification and corona dispersal. The mean follicular fluid cAMP concentration was significantly (P < 0.001) lower in women who became pregnant than in those who did not (106 υs. 241 pmol/ml), while the mean E2 level was significantly (P < 0.01) higher (727 υs. 497 ng/ml), and the progesterone to E2 ratio was significantly (P < 0.05) lower (9.5 υs. 18.0). Overall, follicles of immature, intermediate, and mature oocytes did not differ in cAMP content. However, intermediate and mature oocytes from women who became pregnant were derived from follicles containing significantly (P < 0.01) lower cAMP levels than those of women who did not become pregnant (66 and 122 vs. ...
The Role of Leader-Member Exchange in the Performance Appraisal Process

Performance appraisal (PA) feedback research suggests that agreement of others' performance feedback with one's own views strongly determines feedback reactions, yet inconsistent results of feedback interventions motivate a search for additional influences. The authors propose that supervisor-subordinate exchange relationships create a social context that substantially influences the PA discussion and feedback reactions. Key mediating variables in this process are employee voice during the PA session and justice judgments. Structural equation modeling analyses of longitudinal data support our model. Exchange relationship showed strong, mediated effects on feedback reactions, whereas performance rating discrepancies had minimal unique effects.
SensorBox: practical audio interface for gestural performance

SensorBox is a low cost, low latency, high-resolution interface for obtaining gestural data from sensors for use in realtime with a computer-based interactive system. We discuss its implementation, benefits, current limitations, and compare it with several popular interfaces for gestural data acquisition.
Austere C3 graphics

The MITRE Corporation, a not for profit Federal Contract Research Center (FCRC), has been involved in Command, Control and Communications (C 3) Systems Engineering for the past twenty years. MITRE's program in support of the Defense Communications Agency (DCA)/Command and Control Technical Center (CCTC) involves planning and systems engineering for the Worldwide Military Command and Control System (WWMCCS). Included as components of the WWMCCS are survivable command centers such as the National Emergency Airborne Command Post (NEACP). MITRE has been involved in the system engineering functions of the NEACP Automatic Data Processing (ADP) system and other austere command posts. A portion of MITRE's overall system engineering activities included the design of an austere graphics capability for the NEACP ADP system. This paper explains the constraints, problems, needs and solutions to this engineering project.The goal of this paper focuses on selecting a suite of graphics capabilities that can be implemented in an austere computer environment and which can support generic C3 ADP graphics requirements. This paper also focuses on highlighting graphics capabilities that satisfy C3 display needs but are realizable in an austere computer system.
Leukaemia - A developmental perspective

Leukaemia is characterized by the accumulation of malignant haematopoietic precursors. Recent studies have revealed that acquired alterations in genes that regulate normal haematopoiesis are frequently detected in leukaemia. The progression to leukaemia depends on additional mutations that promote the survival of developmentally arrested cells. This review describes three examples of this general paradigm of leukaemogenesis: RUNX1 abnormalities in acute leukaemias, GATA1 mutations in the leukaemias of Down syndrome, and SCL and LMO2 ectopic expression in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
Coprocessing of cellulose II with amorphous silicon dioxide: effect of silicification on the powder and tableting properties

Aim: In recent years, coprocessing has been the most successful approach to improve and correct the functionality of excipients. The aim of this study is to coprocessed cellulose II with SiO2 and to evaluate the resulting powder and tableting properties.Methods: Novel cellulose II:SiO2 (98:2, 95:5, 90:10 and 80:20 w/w ratios) composites were produced by spray drying, wet granulation and spheronization techniques and the resulting powder and tableting properties were assessed.Results: Cellulose II:SiO2 composites produced by spray- drying exhibited spherical/oblongate shape, narrow distribution and mean diameter from 51 to 75 µm. The composites produced by wet granulation had larger distribution, granular shape and a mean diameter from 105 to 129 µm. The spheronized composites showed the highest size (from 148 to 450 µm) and round shape. Bulk and tap densities and flow were reduced as the silicification level increased in the spray dried and wet granulated materials. Likewise, silicification increased the ...
Findings in Older Children With Abusive Head Injury: Does Shaken-Child Syndrome Exist?

Shaken-baby syndrome (SBS) has been hypothesized to occur after shaking by an adult during the first 2 years of life. We wondered whether it is possible to achieve rotational forces sufficient to cause SBS-like injuries in children >2 years of age. The present study describes cases of child abuse in older children who presented with the classic ophthalmologic and intracranial findings of SBS. In this case series, 4 cases of older children (2.5-7 years old; 11.8-22 kg) who died from abusive head injuries and who had diffuse retinal hemorrhages identified antemortem were selected for review. The cases were abstracted from hospital charts, records from autopsies, coroners' and district attorneys' offices, and court transcripts. In all 4 cases the history provided by the primary caregiver did not match the severity of the injuries. Three case subjects presented with patterned bruises. Multilayered retinal hemorrhages and acute subdural hematoma were observed in all 4 cases. At autopsy, diffuse axonal injury was evident in 3 of the 4 cases; all 4 cases had optic nerve sheath hemorrhages. None of the victims had skeletal fractures on radiologic examination or at autopsy. This case series demonstrates that it is possible to observe SBS-like retinal and central nervous system findings in the older and heavier child. Our findings underscore the need for providers to consider intentional shaking as a mechanism of injury in the evaluation of abusive head injury in older children.
Detection of polarimetric signatures for enhanced target detection and recognition for homeland security applications

The purpose of this study is to explore backscattered polarimetric signatures from targets in a variety of experimental scenarios utilizing high-sensitivity detection techniques and Mueller matrix-rotating retarder polarimetric techniques. As a result different targets have been characterized and analyzed by means of their polarization signatures and optical cross section at wavelengths of 785 nm, 830 nm, and 980 nm. The experimental results of this study indicate that a degree of linear polarization (DOLP) signal produces significant enhancement over a backscattered light intensity signal. In addition, the optical cross section of backscattered light from targets can be significantly improved by using polarimetric principles.
MRI and PET imaging discordance in neurosarcoidosis

A healthy 43-year-old woman presented with bandlike abdominal pressure and urinary frequency. Neurologic examination was normal. Chest CT showed mediastinal adenopathy with correlated FDG-PET hypermetabolism; biopsy demonstrated noncaseating granuloma consistent with sarcoidosis. Spinal involvement
Lessons Learned: A Pilot Study on Occupational Therapy Effectiveness for Children With Sensory Modulation Disorder

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this pilot study was to prepare for a randomized controlled study of the effectiveness of occupational therapy using a sensory integration approach (OT-SI) with children who have sensory processing disorders (SPD). METHOD. A one-group pretest, posttest design with 30 children was completed with a subset of children with SPD, those with sensory modulation disorder. RESULTS. Lessons learned relate to (a) identifying a homogeneous sample with quantifiable inclusion criteria, (b) developing an intervention manual for study replication and a fidelity to treatment measure, (c) determining which outcomes are sensitive to change and relate to parents� priorities, and (d) clarifying rigorous methodologies (e.g., blinded examiners, randomization, power). CONCLUSION. A comprehensive program of research is needed, including multiple pilot studies to develop enough knowledge that high-quality effectiveness research in occupational therapy can be completed. Previous effectiveness studies in OT-SI have been single projects not based on a unified long-term program of research.
Sciatic nerve release following fracture or reconstructive surgery of the acetabulum.

BACKGROUND: Sciatic neuropathy associated with acetabular fractures can result in disabling long-term symptoms. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effect of sciatic nerve release on sciatic neuropathy associated with acetabular fractures and reconstructive acetabular surgery. METHODS: Between 2000 and 2004, ten patients with sciatic neuropathy associated with an acetabular fracture were treated with release of the sciatic nerve from scar tissue and heterotopic bone. Additional surgical procedures included open reduction and internal fixation of the acetabulum (five patients), removal of hardware and total hip arthroplasty (three patients), and removal of hardware alone (one patient). The average age of the patients was forty-three years. All patients were followed with serial examinations and assessments for a minimum of one year (average, twenty-six months). RESULTS: All patients had partial to complete relief of radicular pain, of diminished sensation, and of paresthesias after the nerve release. Four of seven patients with motor loss and two of five patients with a footdrop demonstrated improvement in function after the nerve release. No patient had evidence of worsening on neurologic examination after the release. CONCLUSIONS: Sciatic nerve release during reconstructive acetabular surgery can decrease the sensory symptoms of preoperative sciatic neuropathy associated with a previous acetabular fracture. Motor symptoms, however, are less likely to resolve following nerve release. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. ORIGINAL ABSTRACT CITATION: “Sciatic Nerve Release Following Fracture or Reconstructive Surgery of the Acetabulum” (2007;89:[1432-7][1], July 2007 [1]: /lookup/volpage/89/1432
A comparison of oligogalacturonide- and auxin-induced extracellular alkalinization and growth responses in roots of intact cucumber seedlings.

Oligogalacturonic acid (OGA) affects plant growth and development in an antagonistic manner to that of the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the mechanism by which remains to be determined. This study describes the relationship between IAA and OGA activity in intact cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings. Both OGA and IAA induced rapid and transient extracellular alkalinization; however, the characteristics of the OGA and IAA responses differed in their kinetics, magnitude, calcium dependence, and region of the root in which they induced their maximal response. IAA (1 μm) induced a saturating alkalinization response of approximately 0.2 pH unit and a rapid reduction (approximately 80%) in root growth that only partially recovered over 20 h. OGAs, specifically those with a degree of polymerization of 10 to 13, induced a maximal alkalinization response of 0.48 pH unit, but OGA treatment did not alter root growth. Saturating concentrations of OGA did not block IAA-induced alkalinization or the initial IAA-induced inhibition of root growth but allowed IAA-treated roots to recover their initial growth rate within 270 min. IAA-induced alkalinization occurs primarily in the growing apical region of the root, whereas OGA induced its maximal response in the basal region of the root. This study demonstrates that OGA and IAA act by distinct mechanisms and that OGA does not simply act by inhibition of IAA action. These results also suggest that IAA-induced extracellular alkalinization is not sufficient to account for the mechanism by which IAA inhibits root growth.
BAFF controls B cell metabolic fitness through a PKCβ- and Akt-dependent mechanism

B cell life depends critically on the cytokine B cell–activating factor of the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF). Lack of BAFF signaling leads to B cell death and immunodeficiency. Excessive BAFF signaling promotes lupus-like autoimmunity. Despite the great importance of BAFF to B cell biology, its signaling mechanism is not well characterized. We show that BAFF initiates signaling and transcriptional programs, which support B cell survival, metabolic fitness, and readiness for antigen-induced proliferation. We further identify a BAFF-specific protein kinase C β–Akt signaling axis, which provides a connection between BAFF and generic growth factor–induced cellular responses.
Tuberculous splenomegaly with the hypersplenism syndrome; a case report.

A case of tuberculous splenomegaly with leukopenia and anemia following miliary tuberculosis has been presented. Splenectomy was required after streptomycin failed to control the cytopenias, progressive emaciation, and splenic infection. However, following what appeared to be six weeks of marked improvement, the patient developed a fulminating tuberculous meningitis and died. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors are indebted to Dr. Byrd S. Leavell for his suggestions in the preparation of this paper.
Evaluating antidepressant treatment prior to adding second-line therapies among patients with treatment-resistant depression

Background Patients with depression can be mistakenly labeled as treatment-resistant if they fail to receive an adequate first-line antidepressant trial. Adding second-line agents to the treatment regimens can create an additional burden on both the patients and the healthcare system. Objectives To determine if depressed patients receive an adequate antidepressant trial prior to starting second-line therapy and to investigate the association between the type of second-line treatment and severity of illness or depression among unipolar versus bipolar patients. Setting Oklahoma Medicaid claims data between 2006 and 2011. Methods Subjects were depression-diagnosed adult patients with at least two prescriptions of antidepressants followed by a second-line agent. Patients were categorized into one of three groups: an atypical antipsychotic, other augmentation agents (lithium, buspirone, and triiodothyronine), or adding antidepressants, based on the type of second-line therapy. An adequate trial was defined per the American Psychiatric Association guidelines. Factors associated with the type of treatment were tested using multinomial logistic regression models stratified by type of depression (unipolar vs. bipolar patients). Main outcome measure Variables used to measure receiving an adequate antidepressant trial included: trial duration, adherence, dose adequacy, and number of distinct antidepressant trials. Results A total of 3910 patients were included in the analysis. Most subjects reached the recommended antidepressant dose. However, 28 % of patients had an antidepressant trial duration <4 weeks and only 60 % tried at least two antidepressant regimens prior to adding second-line therapy. Approximately 50 % of the subjects were non-adherent across all groups. Severity of illness and receipt of an adequate antidepressant trial were not predictors of the type of second-line treatment. Conclusion Many patients do not receive an adequate antidepressant trial before starting a second-line agent. The type of second-line treatment was independent of severity of depression. These findings support policies that require reviewing the recommended dose and duration of the first-line antidepressant before adding second-line agents. Healthcare providers need to review the patient’s history and reconsider the evidence for prescribing second-line agents.
Sporulation of Endogone pisiformis in axenic and monoxenic culture

of approximately the same number of layers of subequal wall cells with a rostrum-like apical portion and a long stalk composed of numerous cells arranged in one series. However, the veg? etative body of the species of Majewskia is dis? tinct from the species of Kainomyces in the fol? lowing respects: 1) in Majewskia, above the perithecial stalks the thallus axis becomes irreg? ular in form and narrows into a series of ap? pendages; in Kainomyces the thallus axis extends upward beyond the perithecial stalks to form a well-defined series of cells; 2) in Majewskia, the lower receptacle is relatively small, composed of a few superimposed cells, while in Kainomyces it has many superimposed cells and may consist of multicellular layers; 3) the primary and sec? ondary appendages and perithecial stalks in Ma? jewskia thalli form a divergent, pendulous cluster above the lower receptacle, whereas in Kaino? myces the primary appendage is terminal, with a series of secondary appendages and perithecial stalks forming on one side of the receptacle; 4) in Majewskia, the persistent base of the tricho? gyne is only vestigial, while in Kainomyces it forms a distinct prominence with a rounded apex; and 5) in Maj wskia, the secondary appendages ar stout and often branched subdichotomously, while in Kaino yc s they ar thin and usually simple. The authors are very grateful to Mr. Toshio Inoue for the identification of th host insect.
A Transition-Sensitive Hybrid RANS/LES Modeling Methodology for CFD Applications

In recent years, the use of Hybrid RANS/LES (HRL) models has become more common in CFD simulations, since HRL models include characteristics of both RANS and LES models to offer more accuracy than RANS in regions of flow separation at a reduced cost relative to LES in attached boundary layers. Although HRL models are widely used in turbulent flow simulations, they have limitations for transitional flow predictions. Most of the HRL models include a fully turbulent RANS model component for boundary layer regions. The small number of HRL models that include transition-sensitive RANS models have issues related to the RANS model itself and to the zonal transition between RANS and LES. In order to address those issues, a new transition-sensitive HRL modeling methodology has been developed that includes a dynamic HRL (DHRL) methodology and a physics-based transition-sensitive RANS model. The feasibility of the transition-sensitive dynamic HRL (TDHRL) model has been investigated by performing numerical simulations of the flow over a PAK-B airfoil at different Reynolds numbers and FSTI conditions. Transient simulations using the Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (DDES) model and the TDHRL model are performed at Re = 25,000 and Re = 100,000 for low FSTI and Re = 100,000 for high FSTI conditions. Comparison with experimental measurements and DDES model computational results illustrates the potential of TDHRL model for accurately capturing the physics of complex transitional flow phenomena.
Abstract 1203: Coordinated regulation of intestinal radio-sensitivity by PUMA and p21

p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) has been shown to be vital for radio-sensitivity in the small intestine. PUMA ablation results in drastic radio-resistance, lengthening the survival of mice exposed to 15 Gy whole body irradiation and blocking apoptosis in the crypts. In contrast, we and others have found that p21 ablation leads to slightly increased radio-sensitivity. To better elucidate the relative and perhaps linked roles of PUMA and p21 in the intestinal responses to irradiation, we produced PUMA/p21 double knockout (DKO) mice. Initial experiments revealed that DKO mice responded similarly to PUMA KO mice within the first 24 hours after 15 Gy ionizing radiation as measured by the DNA damage response and apoptosis in the crypts. Both groups showed more rapid, though less sustained, phosphorylation of H2AX than wild-type (WT) mice, while displaying significantly less apoptosis in the crypts. However, DKO mice were found to have similarly enhanced overall radio-sensitivity as p21 KO mice. Further studies revealed that DKO and PUMA KO mice may not be equally effective at repair despite their similar kinetics in the initial DNA damage response. At 48 and 72 hours post-irradiation, the crypts in DKO mice had a substantial number of TUNEL+ cells, while those in PUMA KO or WT mice had almost none. At 48 hours after irradiation, the crypts in p21 KO mice also had a large number of TUNEL+ cells, which declined by 72 hours. Additionally, the crypt cells in DKO and p21 KO mice, but not in WT or PUMA KO mice, were found to be positive for both γ-H2AX and the mitosis marker phospo-H3, indicating abrogated cell cycle control likely due to a futile attempt at proliferation. These data further suggest that the protection of intestinal epithelium against radiation injury through ablation of PUMA requires a functional p21 checkpoint in addition to inhibition of crypt apoptosis. Additional studies are underway in our laboratory to further elucidate how these two proteins might coordinately regulate intestinal injury and regeneration by modulating the survival and proliferation of intestinal stem cells and progenitors following irradiation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1203.
Predicting Comorbid Conditions and Trajectories Using Social Health Records

Many patients suffer from comorbidity conditions; for example, obese patients often develop type-2 diabetes and hypertension. In the U.S., 80% of Medicare spending is for managing patients with these multiple coexisting conditions. Predicting potential comorbidity conditions for an individual patient can promote preventive care and reduce costs. Predicting possible comorbidity progression paths can provide important insights into population heath and aid with decisions in public health policies. Discovering the comorbidity relationships is complex and difficult, due to limited access to electronic health records by privacy laws. In this paper, we present a collaborative comorbidity prediction method to predict likely comorbid conditions for individual patients, and a trajectory prediction graph model to reveal progression paths of comorbid conditions. Our prediction approaches utilize patient generated health reports on online social media, called social health records (SHR). The experimental results based on one SHR source show that our method is able to predict future comorbid conditions for a patient with coverage values of 48% and 75% for a top-20 and a top-100 ranked list, respectively. For risk trajectory prediction, our approach is able to reveal each potential progression trajectory between any two conditions and infer the confidence of the future trajectory, given any observed condition. The predicted trajectories are validated with existing comorbidity relations from the medical literature.
Analysis of Active Power Oscillation Caused by the Nonlinearity of Steam Turbine Valve Overlap

The lowfrequency oscillation caused by the abnormal generator active power fluctuation during the operation of generator is tested in field. Byreproducingthe generator active power oscillation phenomenon in the field test,and analyzing the influence ofthe turbine valve in different operation region tothe generator active power output during the generator primary frequency regulation process,it is found that the incorrect stream distribution mode of steam turbine valve which causes the nonlinearity of stream turbine valve is the reason of generator active power low frequency oscillation. The abnormal fluctuation disappeared after the regulation of the operation region of the valve streamdistribution. Countermeasures toprevent the generator active power oscillation are proposed including the optimization ofvalve toimprove the linearityofthe overlap,the quit ofthe load close loop control mode,and the dislocation ofthe workingregion ofsteam turbine valve and the nonlinear overlap region.
Determination of Ephedrine Hydrochloride in Qutan Pingchuan Capsules by HPLC

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for determination of ephedrine hydrochloride in Qutan Pingchuan Capsules.Method: The chromatogram column was Hypersil ODS2(4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm),the mobile phase composition was the acetonitrile-potassium dihydrogen phosphate-triethameamine-phosphoric(5 ∶ 95 ∶0.4∶ 0.2),the detection wavelength was at 210 nm.Result: The linear range of ephedrine hydrochloride 0.506 6-8.104 0 μg,the average recovery was 95.00% and RSD 1.61%(n = 6).Conclusion: The method was convenient,quick and accurate.It can be used for the quality control of Qutan Pingchuan Capsules.
Cardiac arrest in infants, children, and adolescents: long-term emotional and behavioral functioning

Very little is known about the psychological consequences of a cardiac arrest (CA) during childhood. Our aim was to assess long-term emotional and behavioral functioning, and its predictors, in survivors of CA in childhood. This long-term follow-up study involved all consecutive infants, children, and adolescents surviving CA in a tertiary-care university children’s hospital between January 2002 and December 2011. Emotional and behavioral functioning was assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Teacher’s Report Form (TRF), and Youth Self-Report (YSR). Of the eligible 107 CA survivors, 52 patients, parents, and/or teachers filled out online questionnaires. Compared with normative data, parents and teachers reported significantly more attention and somatic problems (age range 6–18 years). Parents also reported more attention problems for age range 1.5–5 years. Twenty-eight percent of the children (n = 14) scored in the psychopathological range (i.e., for age range 1.5–18 years; p < 0.001) according to parent reports. Male gender, older age, and basic life support were significantly related to worse scores on the scales internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and total problems and subscale attention problems. Conclusion: Long-term deficits in attention and somatic complaints were reported. Attention problems after childhood CA can interfere with school performance. Long-term follow-up with neuropsychological assessment should be organized.
Stressed and Losing Sleep: Sleep Duration and Perceived Stress Among Affluent Adolescent Females

This study examined the relationship between stress and sleep duration for adolescent females from affluent backgrounds. Participants were 218 students attending two independent single-sex secondary schools. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models (cross-sectional and longitudinal) were run to examine the association between stress and sleep duration and to determine whether any associations lasted from the beginning to the end of the academic year. In the cross-sectional models, the relationship between perceived stress and sleep duration was reciprocal and negative. Findings from the longitudinal analyses suggested that perceived stress had lingering negative effects on sleep. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Best-Quality Vessel Identification Using Vessel Quality Measure in Multiple-Phase Coronary CT Angiography

The detection of stenotic plaques strongly depends on the quality of the coronary arterial tree imaged with coronary CT angiography (cCTA). However, it is time consuming for the radiologist to select the best-quality vessels from the multiple-phase cCTA for interpretation in clinical practice. We are developing an automated method for selection of the best-quality vessels from coronary arterial trees in multiple-phase cCTA to facilitate radiologist's reading or computerized analysis. Our automated method consists of vessel segmentation, vessel registration, corresponding vessel branch matching, vessel quality measure (VQM) estimation, and automatic selection of best branches based on VQM. For every branch, the VQM was calculated as the average radial gradient. An observer preference study was conducted to visually compare the quality of the selected vessels. 167 corresponding branch pairs were evaluated by two radiologists. The agreement between the first radiologist and the automated selection was 76% with kappa of 0.49. The agreement between the second radiologist and the automated selection was also 76% with kappa of 0.45. The agreement between the two radiologists was 81% with kappa of 0.57. The observer preference study demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed automated method for the selection of the best-quality vessels from multiple cCTA phases.
Hydrocortisone, Vitamin C, and Thiamine for the Treatment of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Retrospective Before-After Study

Background The global burden of sepsis is estimated as 15 to 19 million cases annually, with a mortality rate approaching 60% in low-income countries. Methods In this retrospective before-after clinical study, we compared the outcome and clinical course of consecutive septic patients treated with intravenous vitamin C, hydrocortisone, and thiamine during a 7-month period (treatment group) with a control group treated in our ICU during the preceding 7 months. The primary outcome was hospital survival. A propensity score was generated to adjust the primary outcome. Results There were 47 patients in both treatment and control groups, with no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The hospital mortality was 8.5% (4 of 47) in the treatment group compared with 40.4% (19 of 47) in the control group (P Conclusions Our results suggest that the early use of intravenous vitamin C, together with corticosteroids and thiamine, are effective in preventing progressive organ dysfunction, including acute kidney injury, and in reducing the mortality of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. Additional studies are required to confirm these preliminary findings.
On the Multi-Channel Capacity Gains of Millimeter-Wave Communication

Advances in millimeter-wave (mmW) communication open up a vast frequency band, from 30 - 300 GHz, for use in mobile communication systems. However, these new frequencies exhibit highly variable and intermittent channel characteristics. In this work, we investigate the impact of diverse mmW channel statistics on the limit and the rate at which the achievable rates converge to the infinite bandwidth capacity. In particular, we first identify the optimal power allocation algorithm, and investigate the behavior of the capacity both asymptotically and at finite number of channels. Then, we propose a suboptimal algorithm that achieves asymptotic optimality and is tractable for analysis, and analyze the convergence rate of the achievable rate under this algorithm. Analytical findings are supported by numerical investigations in realistic communication scenarios.
Return to duty following combat-related multi-ligamentous knee injury.

Abstract Introduction This retrospective cohort study characterized injury patterns, treatment practices, and identified the return to duty (RTD) rate following combat-related multi-ligament knee injuries (MLKI). Patients and methods We evaluated injury characteristics and treatment methods of 46 military service members who had sustained a MLKI during combat activity. The primary clinical outcome measure was ability to return to active military duty. Secondary outcomes included subjective pain score, knee motion, knee instability, and use of ambulatory assistive device. Results The RTD rate was 41% (19/46). High-energy mechanism, neurovascular injury, compartment syndrome, traumatic knee arthrotomy, and intra-articular femur fracture (Orthopedic Trauma Association Classification (OTA) 33-B/C) were all more prevalent in subjects who were unable to return to duty (p Conclusion MLKIs sustained in a combat setting have a high incidence of associated lower extremity injuries. Certain associated injuries, such as intra-articular femur fracture, knee arthrotomy, neurovascular injury, and compartment syndrome may be more important than the severity of the knee ligamentous injury in determining RTD outcome.
Cannabis use patterns and motives: A comparison of younger, middle-aged, and older medical cannabis dispensary patients

Abstract Introduction Medical cannabis is increasingly being used for a variety of health conditions as more states implement legislation permitting medical use of cannabis. Little is known about medical cannabis use patterns and motives among adults across the lifespan. Methods The present study examined data collected at a medical cannabis dispensary in San Francisco, California. Participants included 217 medical cannabis patients who were grouped into age-defined cohorts (younger: 18–30, middle-aged: 31–50, and older: 51–72). The age groups were compared on several measures of cannabis use, motives and medical conditions using one-way ANOVAs, chi-square tests and linear regression analyses. Results All three age groups had similar frequency of cannabis use over the past month; however, the quantity of cannabis used and rates of problematic cannabis use were higher among younger users relative to middle-aged and older adults. The association between age and problematic cannabis use was moderated by age of regular use initiation such that earlier age of regular cannabis use onset was associated with more problematic use in the younger users, but not among older users. Middle-aged adults were more likely to report using medical cannabis for insomnia, while older adults were more likely to use medical cannabis for chronic medical problems such as cancer, glaucoma and HIV/AIDS. Younger participants reported cannabis use when bored at a greater rate than middle-aged and older adults. Conclusions Findings suggest that there is an age-related risk for problematic cannabis use among medical cannabis users, such that younger users should be monitored for cannabis use patterns that may lead to deleterious consequences.
Depth-resolved characterization of the in vivo tympanic membrane using nano-sensitive optical coherence tomography

We report nano-sensitive optical coherence tomography (nsOCT) structural changes of the in vivo human tympanic membrane (TM) under normal and infected conditions. nsOCT enables diagnostics which may impact the clinical treatment of middle-ear infection.
A Preliminary Report on the Variability in Particle Velocity Recording of the June 10, 1987 Southeastern Illinois Earthquake

Free-field particle velocities for the June 10, 1987 southeastern Illinois earthquake, demonstrate the importante of site and source effects in the prediction of ground motion values for central United States earthquakes. The 54 particle velocity recordings of the 5.0 m bLg magnitude event, ranging in epicentral distances of 56 to 443 kilometers and azimuths of 19° to 282° about the epicenter, exhibit appreciable variability that can be attributed to both site and source effects.
The Tariff on American Dairy Products

It was inevitable that the American manufacturer would ask for an increased tariff at the close of the World War. It was no less inevitable that the farmer would likewise ask for a tariff on his products at the same time. Furthermore, there was every probability that the demand on the part of the farmer would be granted by Congress with little hesitation. This was true in general because of the attitude of the dominant party toward protection, and specifically because of the necessity of keeping the Middle West satisfied with the policies of the party. Thus it was the manifest destiny of the farmer to get a tariff on anything and everything in so far as he cared to ask for it. Along with the sweeping demand for a general agricultural tariff, the tariff on dairy products was not only sure to be included, but much more, it was sure to occupy a prominent place. It may be well to notice that dairy product prices had risen less, relatively, than several other of the leading farm products during and just following the War. Quite as striking is the fact that the prices of dairy products fell less during the time of declining prices than was the case with cereals and live stock. In other words, the prices of dairy products have fluctuated less since 1917 than have the prices of farm products in general.
Hope and Christian Ethics

The theological virtue of hope has long been neglected in Christian ethics. However, as social, civic and global anxieties mount, the need to overcome despair has become urgent. This book proposes the theological virtue of hope as a promising source of rejuvenation. Theological hope sustains us from the sloth, presumption and despair that threaten amid injustice, tragedy and dying; it provides an ultimate meaning and transcendent purpose to our lives; and it rejoices and refreshes us 'on the way' with the prospect of eternal beatitude. Rather than degrading this life and world, hope ordains earthly goods to our eschatological end, forming us to pursue social justice with a resilience and vitality that transcend the cynicism and disillusionment so widespread at present. Drawing on Thomas Aquinas and virtue ethics, the book shows how the virtue of hope contributes to human happiness in this life and not just the next.
Lightning whelk natural history and a new sourcing method

ABSTRACTArtifacts made from sinistral (left-handed) whelk shells are commonly found at inland archaeological sites in eastern North America. Past attempts to source the coast of origin of these marine shells based on chemical analyses have provided tentative results. A knowledge of sinistral whelk natural history is essential before attempting shell sourcing studies. The common occurrence of sinistral whelks in the Gulf of Mexico and their uncommon occurrence along both the South Atlantic and Mid-Atlantic bights are documented. Critical biogeographical and morphological information is presented, as well as a new method of sourcing artifacts based on spire-angle measurements. Sinistral whelk artifacts from Spiro, East St. Louis, and Cahokia probably came from the eastern Gulf of Mexico.
Art in Social Work: Equivocation, Evidence, and Ethical Quandaries:

Documenting the epistemological and ethical hazards of using the arts in social work is an unusual task, especially for one who has for decades found art to be a most potent partner in teaching and...
Cartas de Margarita de Parma (1578-1581) en la edición de Charles Piot

Estudio sobre la edicion llevada a cabo a mediados del siglo xix sobre la correspondencia de Margarita de Parma. La collatio de los documentos impresos con los originales de la correspondencia entre Margarita de Parma, hija natural de Carlos V, y el cardenal Granvela, secretario en este momento (1578-1581) del rey Felipe II, con los volumenes editados por Charles Piot y conservados en la Bibliotheque Municipale de Besancon, y en el Archivio di Stato di Napoli, arrojan luz sobre la metodologia usada en la edicion de las cartas y hace necesaria una revision del epistolario.