cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Investigation of common-path interference profilometry

The principle of laser common-path interference profilometry based on the theory of Gaussian beams is analyzed and its measure- ment equation is deduced. From the measurement equation, the main factors that affect the vertical resolution of the profilometer are dis- cussed. According to the conclusions of the analysis, laser common-path interference profilometry can be used to measure microprofiles of fine surfaces with subnanometer vertical resolution. © 1997 Society of Photo- Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (S0091-3286(97)02911-5)
The HPA axis response to insulin hypoglycemia in depression

Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, demonstrated by failure to suppress cortisol secretion after dexamethasone, is found in approximately 50% of patients with major depression (MD). In this study, we examined the response of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in 20 healthy controls and 18 inpatients with MD [12 dexamethasone suppressors (S) and 5 dexamethasone nonsuppressors (NS)]. After the administration of 0.15 U/kg of regular insulin, both controls and patients with MD showed an increase in plasma ACTH and cortisol levels. Controls had a significantly higher ACTH peak (p less than 0.01) and ACTH increment (p less than 0.01) than MD patients. There were no statistically significant differences between patients who were S and NS. Although baseline plasma cortisol levels were significantly higher in MD patients, there were no significant differences in the peak cortisol or increment in plasma cortisol after hypoglycemia between patients with MD and controls or between patients who were S and those who were NS. These findings suggest that a defect exists in the regulation of the HPA axis at the pituitary level in MD and that this defect is not necessarily reflected in the dexamethasone suppression status of the patient.
Nanomaterial registry: database that captures the minimal information about nanomaterial physico-chemical characteristics

Evaluating the implications of nanomaterials in biological and environmental systems can be difficult without sufficient characterization of the nanomaterials’ physico-chemical characteristics (PCC). Additionally, while nanomaterials possess inherent characteristics, their acquired characteristics can change based on the system under consideration or even the test method or protocol used for the characterization. The Nanomaterial Registry, an authoritative resource for nanomaterial data, has established minimal information about nanomaterials (MIAN) for PCC. The MIAN is used as a guideline for curating and archiving the nanomaterial information that is vital to understanding the biological and environmental implications of these materials. This manuscript details the MIAN developed and provides examples of curated data. The MIAN and Registry data model are flexible, and can accommodate new information and insights as scientific discovery regarding nanomaterials evolves. Through the use of the MIAN, the Registry archives sufficient metadata to allow the user to easily access the original/source study records of interest.
Protein kinase B phosphorylates AHNAK and regulates its subcellular localization

AHNAK is a ubiquitously expressed giant phosphoprotein that was initially identified as a gene product subject to transcriptional repression in neuroblastoma. AHNAK is predominantly nuclear in cells of nonepithelial origin, but is cytoplasmic or associated with plasma membrane in epithelial cells. In this study we show that the extranuclear localization of AHNAK in epithelial cells depends on the formation of cell–cell contacts. We show that AHNAK is a phosphorylation substrate of protein kinase B (PKB) in vitro and in vivo. Nuclear exclusion of AHNAK is mediated through a nuclear export signal (NES) in a manner that depends on the phosphorylation of serine 5535 of AHNAK by PKB, a process that also plays a major role in determining extranuclear localization of AHNAK. AHNAK is a new PKB substrate whose function, though unknown, is likely to be regulated by its localization, which is in turn regulated by PKB.
Engaging contexts: Drawing the link between student and teacher experiences of the hidden curriculum

This article examines how academic disengagement (being off task, unenthusiastic and uncurious about learning) is facilitated by the hidden curriculum (the values, norms and beliefs transmitted via the structure of schooling), and mediated by race, ethnicity and gender for students in a working class elementary school. Additionally, we contextualize how a teacher was challenged by the hidden curriculum in her attempt to make her classroom environment engaging for all students. Participants included a young white female teacher and 21 second grade, low-income students, of whom approximately 50% were white and 50% were Black or Latino/a. A teacher interview and fieldnotes covering 8 hours a week over 3 months comprised the data. Results indicated that students were required to show their engagement in particular ways that related to control and conformity. When they did not, they were reprimanded, which led to academic disengagement and the transmission of the hidden curriculum's message that school was not a place for them. This process was especially salient for Black and Latino boys, which indicated that the hidden curriculum was institutionalized. Results also showed that the hidden curriculum was a structural limitation for the teacher, as she was often thwarted in her attempts to create an academically engaging learning environment. Implications include strategies for school change and reform, including making the hidden curriculum more visible. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sparsistent Learning of Varying-coefficient Models with Structural Changes

To estimate the changing structure of a varying-coefficient varying-structure (VCVS) model remains an important and open problem in dynamic system modelling, which includes learning trajectories of stock prices, or uncovering the topology of an evolving gene network. In this paper, we investigate sparsistent learning of a sub-family of this model — piecewise constant VCVS models. We analyze two main issues in this problem: inferring time points where structural changes occur and estimating model structure (i.e., model selection) on each of the constant segments. We propose a two-stage adaptive procedure, which first identifies jump points of structural changes and then identifies relevant covariates to a response on each of the segments. We provide an asymptotic analysis of the procedure, showing that with the increasing sample size, number of structural changes, and number of variables, the true model can be consistently selected. We demonstrate the performance of the method on synthetic data and apply it to the brain computer interface dataset. We also consider how this applies to structure estimation of time-varying probabilistic graphical models.
Fatty Acid Composition of Bovine Milk Fat as Influenced by Intravenous Infusion of Propionate or Glucose

Abstract The intravenous infusion of propionate in six Jersey cows resulted in decreased synthesis of all major milk fatty acids measured except 16:0, whereas infusion of glucose increased the secretion of 10:0 and 12:0, decreased that of 18:0, 18:1, and 18:2, and had little effect on 14:0 and 16:0. The data suggest that propionate and glucose did not reduce milk fat secretion through the same mechanism. Comparison of changes in the fatty acid pattern with those associated with ration-induced milk fat depression indicates that the latter cannot be fully explained by the glucogenic effect of propionate.
Selective freezing of impaired video frames using low-rate shift-invariant hint

Irrecoverable data loss may be unavoidable for real-time video communication over common best-effort networks. Rather than always display impaired pictures or always “freeze” the last good picture, it is preferable to transmit additional hints to support selective freezing of heavily damaged pictures only. In particular, errors in impaired pictures tend to be localized, and often manifest themselves as small spatial shifts that are visually preferable to freezes. Therefore, it is essential that the hints can identify localized error and do not penalize small shifts. We show two ways such “shift-invariant” hints for detecting concealment error can be constructed to less than 1% of video rate. Experiments using 720p sequences achieve recall and precision of 90% and 75%, respectively, with respect to a shift-invariant PSNR measure. We also present an adaptive decision rule to obtain shorter and less frequent freezes.
Analytic expressions for maximum likelihood estimators in a nonparametric model of tumor incidence and death

This research focuses on the estimation of tumor incidence rates from long-term animal studies which incorporate interim sacrifices. A nonparametric stochastic model is described with transition rates between states corresponding to the tumor incidence rate, the overall death rate, and the death rate for tumor-free animals. Exact analytic solutions for the maximum likelihood estimators of the hazard rates are presented, and their application to data from a long-term animal study is illustrated by an example. Unlike many common methods for estimation and comparison of tumor incidence rates among treatment groups, the estimators derived in this paper require no assumptions regarding tumor lethality or treatment lethality. The small sample operating characteristics of these estimators are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation studies.
An Investigation of the Connections among Convection, Clouds, and Climate Sensitivity in a Global Climate Model

AbstractThis study explores connections between process-level modeling of convection and global climate model (GCM) simulated clouds and cloud feedback to global warming through a set of perturbed-physics and perturbed sea surface temperature experiments. A bulk diagnostic approach is constructed, and a set of variables is derived and demonstrated to be useful in understanding the simulated relationship. In particular, a novel bulk quantity, the convective precipitation efficiency or equivalently the convective detrainment efficiency, is proposed as a simple measure of the aggregated properties of parameterized convection important to the GCM simulated clouds. As the convective precipitation efficiency increases in the perturbed-physics experiments, both liquid and ice water path decrease, with low and middle cloud fractions diminishing at a faster rate than high cloud fractions. This asymmetry results in a large sensitivity of top-of-atmosphere net cloud radiative forcing to changes in convective precipi...
Performance under Failure of Multi-tier Web Services

Performance issues of multi-tier Web Services have been studied extensively in recent years. Performance modeling and prediction under failure of multi-tier architectures, however, is not well addressed yet. We propose a novel model named Performance under Failure of Multi-tier Architecture, or PerFAMA in short, to address this issue. We first show that the multi-tier architecture with failure considerations is a product-form network, and then analyze and model the failure impact. By applying the PerFAMA model, we are able to predict the end-to-end response time of multi-tier Web Services under failures. We have simulated two representative Web Services architectures and various failure scenarios to verify the proposed PerFAMA model. The experimental results show that the proposed model works well and the prediction accuracy is up to 98%.
The epidemiology of adult ADHD.

Until recently, little was known about the epidemiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. Bottom-up studies following children with ADHD into adolescence had shown variable rates of persistence, some of which depended on the definitions used. The traditional diagnosis was complicated by the introduction of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition , which stated that ADHD could be diagnosed with inattentive symptoms alone. This resulted in diagnostic inconsistency as earlier investigations demanded the presence of hyperactivity while others did not. Diagnosis also depended on the site, the cohort, whether interviews versus rating scales were employed, and whether the subject or their parent were the source of information.
Analysis of genomic variation in non-coding elements using population-scale sequencing data from the 1000 Genomes Project

In the human genome, it has been estimated that considerably more sequence is under natural selection in non-coding regions [such as transcription-factor binding sites (TF-binding sites) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)] compared to protein-coding ones. However, less attention has been paid to them. To study selective pressure on non-coding elements, we use next-generation sequencing data from the recently completed pilot phase of the 1000 Genomes Project, which, compared to traditional methods, allows for the characterization of a full spectrum of genomic variations, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), short insertions and deletions (indels) and structural variations (SVs). We develop a framework for combining these variation data with non-coding elements, calculating various population-based metrics to compare classes and subclasses of elements, and developing element-aware aggregation procedures to probe the internal structure of an element. Overall, we find that TF-binding sites and ncRNAs are less selectively constrained for SNPs than coding sequences (CDSs), but more constrained than a neutral reference. We also determine that the relative amounts of constraint for the three types of variations are, in general, correlated, but there are some differences: counter-intuitively, TF-binding sites and ncRNAs are more selectively constrained for indels than for SNPs, compared to CDSs. After inspecting the overall properties of a class of elements, we analyze selective pressure on subclasses within an element class, and show that the extent of selection is associated with the genomic properties of each subclass. We find, for instance, that ncRNAs with higher expression levels tend to be under stronger purifying selection, and the actual regions of TF-binding motifs are under stronger selective pressure than the corresponding peak regions. Further, we develop element-aware aggregation plots to analyze selective pressure across the linear structure of an element, with the confidence intervals evaluated using both simple bootstrapping and block bootstrapping techniques. We find, for example, that both micro-RNAs (particularly the seed regions) and their binding targets are under stronger selective pressure for SNPs than their immediate genomic surroundings. In addition, we demonstrate that substitutions in TF-binding motifs inversely correlate with site conservation, and SNPs unfavorable for motifs are under more selective constraints than favorable SNPs. Finally, to further investigate intra-element differences, we show that SVs have the tendency to use distinctive modes and mechanisms when they interact with genomic elements, such as enveloping whole gene(s) rather than disrupting them partially, as well as duplicating TF motifs in tandem.
Two cases of trichodysplasia spinulosa responsive to compounded topical cidofovir 3% cream

Solid organ transplant patients are susceptible to rare and unusual dermatoses as a result of their chronic immunosuppression. Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is one such rare clinical entity observed predominantly in immunosuppressed patients with a history of either solid organ transplantation on immunosuppressive therapy or hematologic malignancies treated with chemotherapy. Herein we present 2 cases of TS that were successfully treated with compounded topical cidofovir.
Growing Minds: Evaluating the Effect of Gardening on Quality of Life and Physical Activity Level of Older Adults

A questionnaire based on the Life Satisfaction Inventory A (LSIA) was used to investigate older adult (age 50+ years) gardeners’ and nongardeners’ perceptions of personal life satisfaction and levels of physical activity. The LSIA measures five components of quality of life: ‘‘zest for life,’’ ‘‘resolution and fortitude,’’ ‘‘congruence between desired and achieved goals,’’ ‘‘physical, psychological, and social self-concept,’’ and ‘‘optimism.’’ Additional multiplechoice questions were asked to determine respondents’ level of physical activity, perceptions of overall health and well-being as well as to gather demographic information. The survey was posted on a university homepage for 1 month. Responses were gathered from 298 participants who differentiated themselves as gardeners or nongardeners by responding positively or negatively to the question ‘‘do you garden?’’ Results indicated statistically significant differences in comparisons of overall life satisfaction scores with gardeners receiving higher mean scores indicating more positive results on the LSIA. Four individual quality-of-life statements included in the LSIA yielded statistically significantly more positive answers by gardeners when compared with nongardeners. Other questions regarding healthful practices revealed that personal reports of physical activity and perceptions of personal health were statistically significantly more positive among gardeners when compared with nongardeners.
A Novel Braid-Twist Scaffold for ACL Repair: Control of Stress-Relaxation Properties

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is critical for knee stability when walking or running. Unfortunately, it does not heal well after significant tearing or rupture and surgery is often necessary to reconstruct the injured ligament. Though ACL ruptures are quite common, the surgical repair of this ligament has inconsistent success rates [1]. The goal of this study was to characterize a biomimetic tissue engineered ACL scaffold using a novel combination braid-twist technique. The braid-twist scaffolds were made using the following procedure:• Nine groups of six 160 mm length PLLA fibers were selected.• Each group of six fibers was twisted in a counter-clockwise manner to form a fiber bundle (a total of nine fiber bundles/scaffold).• Three of these bundles were twisted around one another counter-clockwise to form a yarn (a total of three yarns/scaffold).• These three yarns were braided together to form one scaffold. This technique is based on the structure of ACL tissue and is designed to reduce scaffold fatigue and accurately mimic ACL behavior.© 2008 ASME
THE EVOLUTION OF SEXUAL DIMORPHISM BY SEXUAL SELECTION: THE SEPARATE EFFECTS OF INTRASEXUAL SELECTION AND INTERSEXUAL SELECTION.

Libellula luctuosa, a pond dragonfly found in eastern North America, is apparently sexually dimorphic. Previous studies of the mating behavior in this species suggested that both male-male competition and female mate choice are important influences. Males compete for territories, where they attract females and where mating occurs. Female behavior influences both the copulation success and the fertilization success of males. Because of temporal and spatial separation of these episodes of sexual selection, multivariate and nonparametric statistical techniques could be used to investigate the influence of components of sexual selection on various sexually dimorphic traits. Sexual dimorphism in L. luctuosa was first quantified; then the direct effects and the form of selection were estimated. Sexually dimorphic wing size, body size, wing coloration, and body coloration are distributed either continuously or discontinuously between the sexes in L. luctuosa. These traits have apparently diverged between the sexes as a result of directional sexual selection. Body size is further influenced by stabilizing selection. Intrasexual selection (success in gaining access to a territory) and intersexual selection (success in copulation and fertilization) can influence the same or different sexually dimorphic characters. Body size is influenced by directional selection during the intrasexual phase of sexual selection and is also influenced by stabilizing selection during intersexual selection. The size of the brown wing patch is influenced by directional selection, primarily during the intersexual phase of sexual selection. There is directional selection on the white wing patch during both phases. Thus, the different proximate mechanisms of sexual selection may jointly or separately affect the evolution of sexually dimorphic characters. Further empirical and theoretical investigations into the differences in the effects of intrasexual selection and intersexual selection are needed to clarify the circumstances leading to separate consequences of these two mechanisms of sexual selection.
A New Species of Alternaria

Forsythia suspensa Thunb. is not a native of the United States, but is an introduction from China. It is grown as an ornamental shrub in this country and is fairly common in the District of Columbia on government ground and in private gardens. The different species of Forsythia are very free from fungous diseases, F. suspensa being especially so. On November II, I9IO, the writer collected the fungus described below on the leaves of many plants which were growing in a dense cluster on the Mall near Thirteenth Street and just south of the green houses belonging to the United States Department of Agriculture. Hundreds of plants were grown in the cluster where the specimens were collected and probably seventyfive per cent. of the leaves were affected. From the general character of its growth the fungus is strongly suspected as being a parasite. The spots caused by the fungus occur indiscriminately over the surface of the leaf. They are subcircular in outline, gray to grayish-brown in color, and surrounded by dark-brown or dead areas. One or more concentric rings are formed about the grayish spots, within which are collected minute black tufts irregularly distributed and visible to the naked eye. The concentric rings, characteristic of some species of this genus, occur only on the upper surface, while the tufts are present on both the upper and lower surfaces.
The Mindful Way Through the Semester: Evaluating the Impact of Integrating an Acceptance-Based Behavioral Program Into a First-Year Experience Course for Undergraduates

Preventing and reducing depression in first-year college students are crucial areas in need of attention and resources. Programs that are cost-effective and time-efficient, that have replicable benefits across samples, are sorely needed. This study aims to examine whether a previously studied acceptance-based behavioral (ABBT) program, the Mindful Way Through the Semester (MWTS), is effective in comparison to a control condition at decreasing levels of depression and enhancing acceptance and academic values when integrated into a first-year undergraduate experience course. The current study also sought to examine the association between change in acceptance, mindfulness practice, and values practice on outcomes. Two hundred thirteen students were assigned to either the MWTS workshop condition or the control condition (in which the first-year experience curriculum as usual was received). Results revealed that the workshop condition produced larger decreases in depression over the course of the semester relative to the control condition, but only for participants endorsing higher levels of depression at baseline. Further, for participants in the workshop condition, changes in depression were negatively associated with changes in acceptance (i.e., larger increases in acceptance associated with larger decreases in depression), an association that was not statistically significant in the control group. Lastly, for participants in the workshop condition who endorsed higher levels of depression at baseline, mindfulness and values practice was associated with greater reductions in depression. Implications of these findings for future interventions are discussed.
Peanut Allergy: New Developments and Clinical Implications.

Food allergies have increased in prevalence over the past 20 years, now becoming an important public health concern. Although there are no therapies currently available for routine clinical care, recent reports have indicated that immunotherapies targeting the mucosal immune system may be effective. Oral immunotherapy is conducted by administering small, increasing amounts of food allergen; it has shown promise for desensitizing individuals with peanut, egg, or milk allergies. Sublingual immunotherapy also desensitizes allergic patients to foods—two major studies have examined the effects of sublingual immunotherapy in subjects with peanut allergies. We review the complex nature of IgE-mediated food allergies and the therapies being evaluated in clinical trials. We focus on the diagnosis and management of food allergies and investigational therapies.
Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background COPD patients are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). VTE however remains under-diagnosed in this population and the clinical profile of VTE in COPD is unclear. Methods Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stages II-IV participants in the COPD Genetic Epidemiology (COPDGene) study were divided into 2 groups: VTE+, those who reported a history of VTE by questionnaire, and VTE-, those who did not. We compared variables in these 2 groups with either t-test or chi-squared test for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. We performed a univariate logistic regression for VTE, and then a multivariate logistic regression using the significant predictors of interest in the univariate analysis to ascertain the determinants of VTE. Results The VTE+ group was older, more likely to be Caucasian, had a higher body mass index (BMI), smoking history, used oxygen, had a lower 6-minute walk distance, worse quality of life scores, and more dyspnea and respiratory exacerbations than the VTE- group. Lung function was not different between groups. A greater percentage of the VTE+ group described multiple medical comorbidities. On multivariate analysis, BMI, 6-minute walk distance, pneumothorax, peripheral vascular disease, and congestive heart failure significantly increased the odds for VTE by history. Conclusions BMI, exercise capacity, and medical comorbidities were significantly associated with VTE in moderate to severe COPD. Clinicians should suspect VTE in patients who present with dyspnea and should consider possibilities other than infection as causes of COPD exacerbation.
Thinking on the System of Military Equipment Culture

The culture of military equipment is an important part of military culture,it plays an important role of boosting construction of equipment quickly and better.Because military equipment culture is an complex system that brings forward by abundant equipment practice,the paper scientifically studies the basic concepts of the military equipment culture,thoroughly views the system structure of the military equipment,and holds the basic content of the military equipment culture.
Non-clinical evaluation of conduct of human clinical trials for new anticancer drug

The key role of non-clinical evaluation for a new drug is to predict whether the clinical trial could be held.Risk-benefits evaluation for anticancer drugs is needed to consider the correlative characteristics cancers of different with application of drug category.Most anticancer drugs possessing serious adverse reactions in therapeutic doses,together with the advanced cancer patients composing the major subjects of poor or nonresponsible to conventional clinical treatment,therefore with a new drug efficacious therapeutic options and less toxic risk than the disease itself could be accepted for clinical trials.Based on this theoretical concept,this article will discuss the rationality of the non-clinical evaluation for new anticancer drugs including the effectiveness,toxicity and pharmacokineties.Moreover,some considerations and correlative problems for non- clinical evaluation in anticancer drugs are also presented.
Dislocation of the hip in birth defects.

SUMMARY Several heritable disorders — although rare —are reviewed that are directly or indirectly related to dislocation of the hip. With the ever increasing list of clinical syndromes and our growing understanding of genetics, the physician who first sees these patients should broaden his views to identify these conditions and establish the diagnosis. The effectiveness of treatment often depends upon such knowledge.
Isolation and Identification of the Human Malignant Prostatic Epithelial Cell in Pure Monolayer Culture

AbstractIsolation of the human malignant prostatic epithelial cell in pure monolayer culture was accomplished by clonal growth of single cells derived from metastatic deposits of prostatic carcinoma. Identification of these cells was established by the fact that the acid phosphatase of the prostatic epithelial cell is not inhibited by immersion in 10 per cent neutral formalin up to 24 hours, whereas all other acid phosphatases are destroyed by the formalin.
A flipped classroom redesign in general chemistry

The flipped classroom continues to attract significant attention in higher education. Building upon our recent parallel controlled study of the flipped classroom in a second-term general chemistry course (J. Chem. Educ., 2016, 93, 13–23), here we report on a redesign of the flipped course aimed at scaling up total enrollment while keeping discussion sizes small (i.e., <30 students), and maintaining equivalent contact hour load for faculty and workload for students. To that end, the course format featured lecture contact pushed outside of the classroom in the form of video lectures (mean duration 13 minutes) paired with online homework sets, and three parallel weekly one-hour discussion sections were held in adjoining lab rooms immediately prior to the three-hour laboratory session. As in our previous design, the discussion sections were led by teaching assistants; however, the weekly discussion meeting was shortened from 75 minutes to 50 minutes, and the primary instructor “floated” between the three parallel sessions. Two such sessions were held each week, affording a possible enrollment of 144; initial enrollment was 141, with students self-selecting into the course. We examine student performance in and satisfaction with the course using: (1) a pre-test/post-test design based on the paired questions American Chemical Society (ACS) first-term and second-term exams, (2) data on DFW (D, F, withdrawal) rates, and (3) student evaluations.
A Novel, Rapid, Multiparametric Approach for Flow Cytometric Analysis of Intranuclear Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase

This report describes a novel, reliable, and simplified approach for determination of intranuclear terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) expression. This approach utilizes standard permeabilization/fixation solutions to reliably detect intracellular antigens with minimal alterations in the light scatter properties of the analyzed cells. In contrast to other described methods, fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-TdT antibody is added to previously analyzed and permeabilized cells after a leukemic cell population has been identified using characteristic surface staining patterns. The method eliminates the need for additional sample preparation or cumbersome permeablization steps and can easily be incorporated into any clinical laboratory's existing flow cytometry panels. Sixty-eight cases were analyzed with this method, including 31 acute myelogenous leukemias, 30 acute lymphoblastic leukemias, and 7 chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. To confirm the validity of the method, parallel immunoperoxidase staining and microscopic evaluation of cytocentrifuge test sample preparations were performed. Statistical analysis of the results reveals the method to be highly sensitive and specific, demonstrating exact correlation to the microscopic method. The ease and expeditiousness of this new procedure allows TdT testing to be routinely incorporated into the immunophenotyping repertoire of a busy clinical laboratory. In addition, the method should be readily adaptable to analyze a variety of other clinically relevant intranuclear and intracytoplasmic antigens.
Not Without Their Hijab: Being a Muslim Female Student at A Mid-Southern University

Scholars might agree or disagree on the best definition of Islamophobia, but no one can deny Islamophobia is a very real and dangerous phenomenon in American society. This research examined veiled Muslim students’ experiences and perceptions of a typical American university campus in the aftermath of the most recent terrorist attacks. The findings demonstrated that students perceived the campus community to be tolerant and welcoming. On the other hand, students reported off-campus incidents that speak of ignorance and intolerance of Muslim students. The study provides higher education institutions with insights on how to increase cultural awareness on-and-off campus to correct stereotypes and make Muslim students feel welcomed in their communities. The authors hope to create awareness among students and community members; thereby helping to debunk the stereotypes, and creating a safe and diverse campus for all students. Educators and college leaders can use this knowledge to combat stereotypes and biases; thus making campus a safer and more welcoming environment for all students.
Factors Affecting Blood Pressure Control Post-Stroke (P5.215)

OBJECTIVE: Despite extensive focus on blood pressure (BP) management following stroke, we suspect patients may have difficulty maintaining BP control in the outpatient setting. We suspect a documented relationship with a primary care physician (PCP) may lead to better control. BACKGROUND: An estimated 795,000 strokes occur each year in the United States, and approximately 185,000 patients per year suffer recurrent stroke. Research suggests addressing modifiable risk factors may prevent 80[percnt] of recurrent strokes. BP is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke prevention, with a 2mmHg rise in systolic blood pressure (SBP) being correlated with up to a 10[percnt] increase in stroke risk. DESIGN/METHODS: Subjects for this study were admitted to Rush University Medical Center with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, confirmed by computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain from 1/2012 to 8/2015, and also completed follow-up in the stroke clinic. One hundred subjects were included. Data abstracted included BP on discharge from hospitalization, BP at follow-up in the stroke clinic, type and number of medications, presence of vascular risk factors (diabetes, renal disease, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, atrial fibrillation, family history of CVA or MI), use of a home BP monitor, and if the patient had a documented PCP. RESULTS: Mean SBP at clinic follow-up was significantly higher than at discharge: 136.61mmHg vs. 129.41mmHg (95[percnt] CI 2.71-11.69, p=0.002). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was also higher at clinic follow-up than at discharge: 81.38 vs. 76.08 (95[percnt] CI 2.19-8.41, p=0.001). Patients with a documented PCP had significantly lower SBP at stroke clinic follow-up than those who did not: 133.15mmHg vs. 143.82mmHg (95[percnt] CI 1.828-19.51, p=0.019). CONCLUSIONS: Both SBP and DBP increased significantly from the time of discharge to follow-up in the stroke clinic, but patients with a documented PCP were able to achieve better control of their BP. Disclosure: Dr. McDaniel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Conners has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose. Dr. Song has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cutting has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cherian has nothing to disclose.
Acute effects of Kinesio taping on muscle function and self-perceived fatigue level in healthy adults

AbstractThis study investigated the acute effects of Kinesio taping (KT) on muscular power, strength, endurance, and self-perceived fatigue level. This is a randomized, partial double-blind, crossover trial. Eighteen healthy adults (7 males [23.86 ± 1.68 years] and 11 females [24.82 ± 3.71 years]) were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent three different trials which included no tap (NT), placebo tap (PT), and KT. Idividuals were assessed for peak and mean power, muscular strength and endurance, and self-perceived fatigue after each condition. The results revealed no significant differences in all variables (p > 0.05) except muscular endurance (F = 5.775, p = 0.007). Muscular endurance in the NT (58.28 ± 12.18 reps/min) condition was significantly higher than that in the KT (52.83 ± 11.76 reps/min) condition. These results suggest that KT on rectus femoris and the patella of the lower limb does not improve muscular function and self-perceived fatigue level. KT is unlikely to enhance exercise per...
PAIN-less identification and evaluation of small molecule inhibitors against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B

A highly miniaturized biochemical assay was set up to test a focused set of natural products against the enzymatic activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). The screen resulted in the identification of the natural product alkaloids, berberine and palmatine as well as α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) as potential inhibitors of PTP1B. In a second step, several read-out and counter assays were applied to confirm the observed inhibitory activity of the identified hits and to remove false positives which target the enzymatic activity of PTP1B by a non-specific mechanism, also known as PAINS (pan-assay interference compounds). Both, berberine and palmatine were identified as false positives which interfered with the assay read-out. Using NMR spectroscopy, self-association via stacking interactions was detected for berberine in aqueous media, which may also contribute to the non-specific inhibition of PTP1B. α-TOS was confirmed as a novel reversible and competitive inhibitor of PTP1B. A concise structure-activity relationship study identified the carboxyl group and the saturated phytyl-side chain as being critical for PTP1B inhibition.
Trans Prejudice in Sport: Differences from LGB Prejudice, the Influence of Gender, and Changes over Time

The purpose of our study was to examine prejudice toward trans individuals in sport. Questionnaire data were collected from separate, albeit demographically similar, samples of students in 2007 (n = 199) and 2014 (n = 124). Results indicate that trans prejudice was higher than prejudice expressed toward lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals and that these differences remained over time. There were no gender differences as women and men expressed the same degrees of trans prejudice. Finally, trans prejudice significantly decreased over time, although the magnitude of the change was not as large as the corresponding decrease in LGB prejudice. Study findings suggest that although prejudice against trans individuals has decreased, additional interventions and prejudice reduction efforts are needed.
Incidence and predictors of clinical peripheral artery disease in asymptomatic persons with a low ankle-brachial index.

ObjectiveTo determine the occurrence of clinical peripheral artery disease in a cohort of middle-aged and older persons who, though they initially had no symptoms of peripheral artery disease, had ...
Chronic exposure of sheep to silver iodide

Silver iodide, a cloud seeding agent, was administered orally to 15 yearling ewes (5/group) at dose levels of 0.1, 1.0, or 10 mg kg−1 day−1 for 86 days without clinical signs of toxicosis. Erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, packed cell volumes, hemoglobin concentrations, and circulating thyroid hormone levels (T3 and T4) were not altered significantly in AgI-dosed ewes. Silver at dose levels of I or 10 mg AgI kg-1 body weight for 86 days, was absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and deposited in soft and hard tissues of the body. The maximum Ag residue found was 17 ppm in the liver of a ewe receiving 10 mg kg−1 day−1.
A Molecular Revolution in Uveal Melanoma: Implications for Patient Care and Targeted Therapy

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy and has a strong propensity for fatal metastasis. Recent advances in the molecular genetics of uveal melanoma are revolutionizing our understanding of this cancer and the care of patients. The development of a new molecular classification of uveal melanoma based on a widely available 15-gene expression profile now allows patients at high risk of metastasis to be identified early so that individualized management can be offered. The recent discovery of major driver mutations in uveal melanoma provide a rational basis for development of new targeted therapies. Taken together, these advances are transforming our understanding and management of uveal melanoma with the ultimate goal of improving patient outcomes.
Decomposing C with the Adjoint Equation

Before proceeding directly to the formal theory, let us attempt to motivate (as much as we can) the concepts which are going to be introduced. In the proof of Lemma 20.1, namely, formulas (20.4) and (20.5), we encountered a bilinear form in a very natural manner. In fact, if λ is a solution of (20.1), then formulas (20.3), (20.4), (20.5) show that the equation (A-λI)ϕ = ψ has a solution if and only if, for every nonzero row vector a for which aΔ(λ) = 0, it follows that (ae -λI,ψ) = 0 where (α,ψ) is defined in (20.5). This certainly suggests an “alternative” theorem and indicates that the bilinear form (α,ψ) will be important in the theory. Also, it suggests that the “adjoint” operator of A should have eigenfunctions of the form e−λθ, o ≤ θ ≤ r, so that the “alternative” theorem could be stated in the following manner: the equation (A-λI)ϕ = ψ has a solution if and only if (α,ψ) = o for all solutions α of the equation (A*-λI) α = 0.
Psychopathy and Corporate Crime: A Preliminary Examination, Part 2

This is the second part of two area reviews that explore the relationship between psychopathy and corporate crime. In Part 2, we explore psychopathy in more detail and show how it is illustrated by characteristics such as glibness/superficiality, impression management, pathological lying, conning/manipulativeness, lack of remorse or guilt, callousness/lack of empathy, failure to accept responsibility, stimulation seeking, irresponsibility, parasitic orientation, serious criminal behavior, and criminal versatility. We then illustrate how these characteristics are present in many recent examples of corporate crime and suggest that the concept of psychopathy has much to offer for criminological explanations of corporate crime.
Best Practices Framework for Enabling High-Performing Virtual Engineering Teams

Engineering firms continue to adopt the practice of virtual teams, which face unique challenges and require additional management considerations than co-located teams. While virtual teams offer incentives in terms of flexibility and cost savings, engineering firms should be aware of added challenges that yield low-performing teams or result in failure. These challenges, in essence, are driven by the geographic dispersion of members, core reliance on communication technology, and composition of various cultures. The subject research follows a highly practical approach, providing specific practices for mitigation of the identified challenges. A survey study was conducted to gather data from engineering practitioners at a global professional services firm involved in virtual engineering projects between 2017 and 2018. Research conducted across best practices for virtual teams, coupled with the survey results, yielded a framework of five overarching themes to enable high-performing virtual engineering teams: technology integration, management of virtual resources, project governance controls, stakeholder engagement, and organizational drivers. Resulting practices are presented across the five themes of the framework. The findings should be leveraged by engineering and technology professionals involved in virtual projects, along with leaders and firm executives seeking improved performance of their virtual teams.
An In-Situ Self-Test and Self-Calibration Technique Utilizing Antenna Mutual Coupling for 5G Multi-Beam TRX Phased Arrays

This paper presents an in-situ self-test and self-calibration technique and its application to 5G TRX phased arrays. The developed built-in self-test (BIST) procedure, labeled Quad-BIST, enables the relative channel calibration, channel gain/phase characterization and failure detection of 5G phased-arrays. Quad-BIST relies on antenna mutual coupling to neighboring arrays arranged in Quad-fashion to extract the calibration coefficients and perform channel characterization. Quad-BIST was successfully applied to a 4x(4x4) array at 29 GHz and predicted the Quad’s channel states (gain, phase control) with rms errors of 0.1 dB/ 1° and the relative channel ratios with rms errors of 0.9 dB/ 11°. The technique is compact and all-electronic, requires no moving parts or a far-field range, and can be applied for initial calibration as well as for re-calibration in the field (as a result of aging, environmental changes, etc.), and is well suited for 5G MIMO base-station systems.
Evaluation of Performance, Non-Uniformity and Thermal Limits for Infrared LED Scene Projectors

As the light emitting diodes Infrared Scene Projectors are evolving, the need to evaluate the performance and non-uniformity is at it is all times highest. This paper will describe how the performance of these systems are measured and how the non-uniformity is measured and corrected.
Men, Chronic Pain, and Prescription Pain Medication Use: The Role of Gender Role Beliefs in a Longitudinal Moderated Mediation Model

OBJECTIVE Although past research has established that men with chronic pain are more likely to misuse prescription pain medications in a myriad of ways compared with women, little is known about men's medication use in the context of their gender role beliefs. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of men's domestic gender role beliefs on their use of prescription pain medication for chronic pain. METHODS Using a nationally representative data set with 304 men with chronic pain, this study examined a longitudinal moderated mediation model in which pain interference mediates the longitudinal relationship between somatic amplification and prescription pain medication use, with domestic gender role beliefs as a moderator of the aforementioned mediated relationship. RESULTS Results indicated a significant moderated mediation model in which pain interference fully mediated the relationship between somatic amplification and prescription pain medication use, with men's domestic gender role beliefs moderating this mediated relationship. Specifically, domestic gender role beliefs moderated the relationship between pain interference and prescription pain medication use. Men with higher levels of traditional domestic gender role beliefs strengthened the mediated relationship, contributing to increased prescription pain medication use. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that although men's perceptions of somatic stimuli through its perceived interference contribute to their medication use, the extent to which they consume prescription pain medication depends on their beliefs in domestic gender roles during chronic pain.