cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Properties of a FeCrMo wire

Abstract A nickel-free wire containing 18 per cent Cr and 5 per cent Mo shows promise for dental applications utilizing orthodontic techniques based upon high-stiffness and high-yield strengths, but is less encouraging using techniques based upon high-yield strength to modulus of elasticity ratios. The stiffness of this alloy is of about the same magnitude as that for the stainless steels, while the tensile and flexural yield strengths are similar to that for Elgiloy ductile. The breakdown potential in a saliva-type solution is higher than that for both Nitinol and one type of stainless steel used. However, the resistance to cold bends was the lowest for all the wires investigated.
Return to Play After Shoulder Replacement Surgery: What Is Realistic and What Does the Evidence Tell Us.

This article analyzes the available literature regarding return to sport following total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), hemiarthroplasty (HA), and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). It examines the quality of the available evidence and areas of future research. Most patients are able to return to preoperative sport activities following TSA, RTSA, and HA. The rates of return for TSA are slightly higher than those reported for HA and RTSA. Patients may be counseled that noncontact, low-demand activities have higher return rates. Most patients can expect to return to sports within 6 months postoperatively.
The role of central processing in modulation masking release

When background sound is present, hearing impaired (HI) individuals and cochlear-implant (CI) listeners typically are worse at hearing out target sound as compared to normal-hearing (NH) listeners. This perceptual deficit occurs both when the background consists of noise that fluctuates over time (“modulated”) and for stationary background noise (“unmodulated”). In addition, the difference in thresholds between tone detection in modulated and unmodulated noise, referred to as modulation masking release (MMR), is much reduced or absent in HI and CI as compared to NH. Both peripheral and central processing mechanisms contribute to MMR. We previously showed that central MMR is reduced in human CI listeners, and that sound deprivation reduces central MMR in Mongolian gerbils. Here, we began to explore the neurobiological basis of central MMR. NH gerbils were trained to hear out target tones (1 kHz) in modulated (10-Hz rectangularly gated) versus unmodulated bandlimited background noise, and chronically implanted with recording electrodes in core auditory cortex. Neural discharge was analyzed as a function of the broadband energy ratio between target and background sound to determine how different types of background sound affect neural information transmission in awake behaving gerbil. Preliminary results will be discussed in the context of how hearing loss may affect central MMR.
Large-Scale Scattering Analysis of Arbitrary Objects in a Stratified Medium

An inhomogeneous absorbing boundary condition (IABC) is proposed to efficiently perform scattering analysis with the presence of a stratified medium using the finite element method. The analytical expressions for the incident fields in the right-hand side of the IABC are derived. The parallel dual-primal finite-element tearing and interconnecting (FETI-DP) algorithm is adopted to enable large-scale electromagnetic simulations. A multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA)-based far-field calculation is developed to reduce the computational complexity. Examples are presented to demonstrate the solution accuracy and large-scale modeling capability of the proposed method.
Use of a disease-specific mobile health application in the care of adults with congenital heart disease

We completed a pilot study of a novel adult congenital heart disease-specific mobile application. Twenty-eight patients with congenital heart disease from across the US were identified by the Adult Congenital Heart Association, a patient advocacy organization. These patients were asked to complete a 6-month trial of the MyHeartApp mobile application (app), to use the app as part of their clinical care, and to complete a survey at the conclusion of the pilot period. We found that app use is potentially helpful in improving care quality with good ease of use and the potential to facilitate patient-provider communication, but compliance with regular use is poor. Although potentially beneficial, the clinical utility of mobile health apps, even in a young and motivated population, will depend on developing techniques aimed at improving compliance.
A WS2-gold nanoparticle heterostructure-based novel SERS platform for the rapid identification of antibiotic-resistant pathogens

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is the biggest threat to our society. The rapid discovery of drug resistant bacteria is very urgently needed to guide antibiotic treatment development. The current manuscript reports the design of a 2D–0D heterostructure-based surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, which has the capability for the rapid identification of the multidrug resistant strain of Salmonella DT104. Details of the synthesis and characterization of the heterostructure SERS platform using a two dimensional (2D) WS2 transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) and zero dimensional (0D) plasmonic gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been reported. The current manuscript reveals that the 2D–0D heterostructure-based SERS platform exhibits extremely high Raman enhancement capabilities. Using Rh-6G and 4-ATP probe molecules, we determined that the SERS sensitivity is in the range of ∼10−10 to 10−11 M, several orders of magnitude higher than 2D-TMD on its own (10−3 M) or 0D-GNPs on their own (∼10−6 to 10−7 M). Experimental and theoretical finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation data indicate that the synergistic effect of an electromagnetic mechanism (EM) and a chemical mechanism (CM) on the heterostructure is responsible for the excellent SERS enhancement observed. Notably, the experimental data reported here show that the heterostructure-based SERS has the ability to separate a multidrug resistance strain from a normal strain of Salmonella by monitoring the antibiotic–pathogen interaction within 90 minutes, even at a concentration of 100 CFU mL−1.
Skin-to-Skin Care and COVID-19.

* Abbreviation: COVID-19 — : coronavirus disease 2019 As an internal medicine and pediatric hospitalist in the home stretch of my third pregnancy, my daily focus is on squeezing into scrubs, following strict infection control procedures, and keeping up a good pace and extra hydration on rounds. But third trimester brings some broader concerns during this first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) season, and as I follow the medical literature, I find myself wondering what would happen if I were to be infected when I deliver my baby? How would I weigh the risk of transmitting the virus against the known costs of separation from my infant during the first days of life? And in a rapidly evolving clinical landscape, how should I as a physician counsel families asking similar questions? Numbers from New York suggest that nearly 90% of women positive for COVID-10 who deliver in the hospital setting are asymptomatic at the time of presentation.1 Given this and the fact that masks are not tolerable for most women during the second stage of labor, many hospitals around the country are moving toward universal COVID-19 screening on labor and delivery units to protect health care workers and patients alike. For women who test positive for COVID-19, current American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines recommend physical separation from their infant when space allows, unless they choose rooming-in despite being counseled on risk.2 On the other hand, the World Health Organization’s recommendations for women positive for COVID-19 encourage breastfeeding initiation within an hour of birth and routine newborn care with added emphasis on respiratory and hand hygiene.3 As clinicians, we are tasked with understanding … Address correspondence to Carolyn Boscia, MD, Pediatric Hospitalist Division, Smith 5, The University of Vermont Medical Center, 111 Colchester Ave, Burlington, VT 05401. E-mail: carolyn.boscia{at}uvmhealth.org
Diagnosis and treatment of thyroglossal duct cyst in infants

Objective To explore the imageology features and curative effect of operation for thyroglossal duct cyst in infants.Methods CT and B-mode ultrasound features of 23 infant cases diagnosed as thyroglossal duct cyst were retrospectively analysed.The patients underwent classic Sistrunk operation.And ampliate Sistrunk operation was performed for those with postoperative recurrence.Results CT showed a cystic mass in the anterior triangle of neck,relevant to the hyoid bone and thyroid.B-mode ultrasound showed hypoechoic and heterogeneous image companied with posterior echo enhancement.None cyst had a solid component.Twenty-three cases got satisfied curative effect after repeat operation.There were no complications such as trachyphonia,bucking and dyspnea.Following up more than 2 years,no recurrence case occurred.Conclusions CT and B-mode ultrasound scan can help to make accurate diagnosis of the thyroglossal duct cyst,based on the special location and the typical manifestations.Thyroglossal cyst had high recurrence rate after operation.Sistrunk operation is the basic procedure for the complete removal of the thyroglossal cyst in infants. Key words: Thyroglossal cyst; Ultrasonography; Surgical procedures, operative
Using games for language learning in the age of social distancing

Since the COVID‐19 pandemic has led to nation‐wide school closures, the transition to remote teaching has caused profound disruption to classroom instruction. In this article, I share the impact that this forced transition has had on the redesign of the second half of a French course entitled “Gaming culture and culture of games,” to meet the pedagogical challenge posed by the pandemic, retain the integrity of the course, and provide useful tools to mitigate the circumstances. In particular, I examine how the situation was an opportunity to combine language and culture pedagogy with game design to enable students to think critically about the course content and contribute meaningful solutions to learning languages in the age of social distancing.
The New York Times’ presentation of Iran’s government in news articles before and after the nuclear deal:

By applying framing analysis to the New York Times’ news articles, this study shows that during the nuclear negotiations and after the deal, Iran and its officials were framed with Orientalist ster...
Community Resistance as Public Health Activism in Puerto Rico

After nearly three years, Puerto Rico is still recovering from the consequences of these hurricanes Since the summer of 20 19, it has also been dealing with political and economic bankruptcy, earthquakes, air pollution, and the COVID-19 pandemic 3,4 As we know in Puerto Rico when a disaster strikes, it blows the leaves away from the rotten problems that lay beneath them Rivera Joseph et al suggest a human rights approach as a way to "assess the ongoing human rights violations of the quality of life to support millions of American citizens on the island "(p1512) I agree with the authors' rights-based approach, but such a response is warranted not because Puerto Ricans are US citizens but because we are humans [ ]the remedy for colonization is self-determination, a prerequisite to the full enjoyment of all other human rights In their essay, Rivera ;oseph et al highlight a variety of human rights violations in Puerto Rico, including those affecting the right to water, electricity, and health care access;these are, in fact, well-documented inequities affecting people living in Puerto Rico
Association between coronary artery bypass graft center volume and year-to-year outcome variability: New York and California statewide analysis.

Abstract Objective We evaluated whether volume-based, rather than time-based, annual reporting of center outcomes for coronary artery bypass grafting may improve inference of quality, assuming that large center-level year-to-year outcome variability is related to statistical noise. Methods We analyzed 2012 to 2016 data on isolated coronary artery bypass grafting using statewide outcome reports from New York and California. Annual changes in center-level observed-to-expected mortality ratio represented stability of year-to-year outcomes. Cubic spline fit related the annual observed-to-expected ratio change and center volume. Volume above the inflection point of the spline curve indicated centers with low year-to-year change in outcome. We compared observed-to-expected ratio changes between centers below and above the volume threshold and observed-to-expected ratio changes between consecutive annual and biennial measurements. Results There were 155 centers with median annual volume of 89 (interquartile range, 55-160) for isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. The inflection point of observed-to-expected ratio variability was observed at 111 cases/year. Median year-to-year observed-to-expected ratio change for centers performing less than 111 cases (62 centers) was greater at 0.83 (0.26-1.59) compared with centers performing 111 cases or more (93 centers) at 0.49 (022-0.87) (P Conclusions Center-level, risk-adjusted coronary artery bypass grafting mortality varies significantly from one year to the next. Reporting outcomes by specific case volume may complement annual reports.
Abstract 13286: Finding the Missing Heritability of Serum Lipids: Leveraging the Relatedness in a Large-scale Biobank

Introduction: High prevalence of dyslipidemia in the United States results in elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. Although the high heritability of serum lipids has motivated many genome-wide ...
Physics of Non-Universal Larson's Relation.

From a new perspective, we re-examine self-gravity and turbulence jointly, in hopes of understanding the physical basis for one of the most important empirical relations governing clouds in the interstellar medium (ISM), the Larson's Relation relating velocity dispersion ($\sigma_R$) to cloud size ($R$). We report on two key new findings. First, the correct form of the Larson's Relation is $\sigma_R=\alpha_v^{1/5}\sigma_{pc}(R/1pc)^{3/5}$, where $\alpha_v$ is the virial parameter of clouds and $\sigma_{pc}$ is the strength of the turbulence, if the turbulence has the Kolmogorov spectrum. Second, the amplitude of the Larson's Relation, $\sigma_{pc}$, is not universal, differing by a factor of about two between clouds on the Galactic disk and those at the Galactic center, evidenced by observational data.
“Newstrusting” or “newsbusting?” heuristic and systematic information processing and trust in media

How much trust the public places in the media to provide accurate news is essential to the health of both the media and democracy. Trust in news media is especially important during a presidential ...
Utility of Flow Cytometry of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in the Diagnosis of T and NK Cell Malignancies in Critically Ill Patients.

Objective The value of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases of diverse etiologies is widely accepted. Cytospin and cell-block preparations for cytomorphological (CM) evaluation and for immunohistochemical studies are the standard method to evaluate BAL, though it may be time-consuming. Flow cytometric (FC) evaluation, on the other hand, has a short turnaround time, and is a useful methodology to differentiate reactive processes from hematological neoplasms, or detect a small aberrant population in an inflammatory background. BAL specimens provide an excellent source for FC studies. Case reports We describe two cases of critically ill patients with no history of hematolymphoid neoplasms, who presented with non-specific symptoms. Abnormal pulmonary imaging studies prompted bronchoscopic evaluation and collection of BAL during the initial evaluation. FC analysis of the BAL fluid aided to the early diagnosis of aggressive NK cell leukemia and adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma, respectively. Conclusions Flow cytometric immunophenotyping in addition to the CM assessment increases the diagnostic value and provides timely diagnosis from BAL specimens, which is especially important for critically ill patients.
APPALACHIAN BLACK FIDDLING: HISTORY AND CREATIVITY

Discussions on Appalachian music in the United States most often evoke images of instruments such as the fiddle and banjo, and a musical heritage identified primarily with Europe and European Americans, as originators or creators, when in reality, many Europeans were influenced or taught by African-American fiddlers. Not only is Appalachian fiddling a confluence of features that are both African- and European-derived, but black fiddlers have created a distinct performance style using musical aesthetics identified with African and African-American culture. In addition to a history of black fiddling and African Americans in Appalachia, this article includes a discussion of the musicking of select Appalachian black fiddlers.
DASI First Results: A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Angular Power Spectrum

We present measurements of anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) from the first season of observations with the Degree Angular Scale Interferometer (DASI). The instrument was deployed at the South Pole in the austral summer 1999--2000, and made observations throughout the following austral winter. We have measured the angular power spectrum of the CMB in the range 100<l<900 with high signal-to-noise. In this paper we review the formalism used in the analysis, in particular the use of constraint matrices to project out contaminants such as ground and point source signals, and to test for correlations with diffuse foreground templates. We find no evidence of foregrounds other than point sources in the data, and find a maximum likelihood temperature spectral index beta = -0.1 +/- 0.2 (1 sigma), consistent with CMB. We detect a first peak in the power spectrum at l approx 200, in agreement with previous experiments. In addition, we detect a peak in the power spectrum at l approx 550 and power of similar magnitude at l approx 800 which are consistent with the second and third harmonic peaks predicted by adiabatic inflationary cosmological models.
Malnutrition coding and reimbursement in the hospital setting

Professionals responsible for the nutrition care of hospitalized patients should understand the prevalence of malnutrition, how to accurately and consistently identify and communicate a diagnosis of malnutrition in the medical record, and the sophisticated payment systems used to reimburse hospitals for patient care. Insight into healthcare payment systems and the requirements for clarity, consistency, and accuracy can improve identification, coding, and billing for malnutrition. Hospitals receive reimbursement for services based on anticipated costs for diagnosis-based groups, and documenting the presence of a comorbidity, such as malnutrition, can increase the payment for a diagnosis. It is important to accurately document not only the supporting criteria used to diagnose malnutrition, but also the interventions used to address it during a patient's stay.
The Challenges and Rewards of Teaching Spanish in a Community College Prison Program

Two authors describe how teaching Spanish in an Illinois prison led them to rewrite the examples used in a Spanish textbook and engage incarcerated students in novel ways in order to make up for the lack of conventional classroom resources.
Cattle Wastes–Pollution and Potential Treatment

Laboratory digesters were operated at loading rates of 1.6, 3.2, 0.3, and 6.4 g VS/1/day. All digesters were mixed, heated to 35/sup 0/C, fed daily, and had detention time of 10 days. Total solids reduction and percent CH/sub 4/ in the gas produced were higher in the two digesters with the lower loading rates; 41.9 to 55.2% reduction and 58-57% CH/sub 4/. Five day BOD reduction was 52.4 to 57.0%. Gas production was 547 to 743 ml/g VS destroyed.
Survival of natural sewage populations of enteric bacteria in diffusion and batch chambers in the marine environment.

The survival of natural populations of Escherichia coli and enterococci in sewage was measured in large-volume diffusion chambers in an estuary and a salt marsh. The 5-liter chambers, with polycarbonate membrane sidewalls, were found to be suitable for up to week-long experiments. Decay rates, measured monthly from February to August 1978, ranged from 0.042 to 0.088 h −1 (time for 90% of the population to die = 25 to 55 h) for E. coli and 0.019 to 0.083 h −1 (time for 90% of the population to die = 29 to 122 h) for enterococci and were significantly correlated with temperature. In contrast to the diffusion culture experiments, the decay of E. coli in batch culture did not correlate with temperature. Enterococci survived longer than E. coli in the Narragansett Bay (estuary) experiments, but survived less well in the more eutrophic salt marsh. The effect of light on survival was examined with light/dark experiments and sampling at frequent intervals over the diel cycle. Diel changes in survival were not evident in the Narragansett Bay experiments. E. coli , however, exhibited a diel pattern of growth during the day and death at night in the salt marsh. There was no significant difference in decay rates between light and dark diffusion chambers, nor were decay rates correlated with light intensity. In concurrent batch experiments, survival was significantly greater in the dark for both organisms. These results suggest that the effect of light is complex and that conditions in batch culture may modify the survival of enteric bacteria. Observations made in diffusion chambers may more closely follow the in situ survival of enteric microorganisms. Images
Sexual similarity, complementarity, accuracy, and overperception in same-sex couples

We examined whether similarity, complementarity, accuracy, and positive illusions exist within the sex lives of same-sex romantic couples. Partners had similar and complementary sexual desires and they perceived each other's desires with considerable accuracy; these effects were greater than in randomly matched pseudocouples. As evidence of positive sexual illusions, people overperceived sexual similarity and complementarity, and they overperceived the accuracy with which their partner knew their desires. Using actor–partner interdependence models (D. A. Kenny, D. A. Kashy, & W. L. Cook, 2006), similarity, complementarity, and positive illusions predicted sexual satisfaction, but a partner's actual accuracy did not. In parallel with earlier findings from heterosexual couples, this work indicates that positive sexual illusions are motivated cognitive processes that benefit sexual satisfaction, as theories of relationship maintenance suggest.
The Kids are All Right

A great deal of excitement is generated when non-traditional family configurations, specifically gay male and lesbian relationships, are performed for the larger movie market. The majority of the w...
Human Rights and the Social Work Curriculum: Integrating Human Rights into Skill-Based Education Regarding Policy Practice Behaviors

This article provides a model for social work educators seeking to integrate human rights content in the policy course. Each of the four policy-related practice behaviors (e.g., policy formulation, policy analysis, policy advocacy, and collaboration in policy practice) is examined with respect to the traditional methods used in social welfare policy courses and the ways in which these methods can be expanded to include human rights content. Available literature and multimedia resources are noted and practical human rights applications are presented with the goal of supporting efforts to achieve this integration.
Spectral analysis using the QD algorithm

A spectral estimation technique based on the quotient-difference (QD) algorithm of Rutishouser is proposed. The model assumed is a sum of nonharmonically related damped exponentials. The frequencies and damping factors are found directly from the data avoiding the need for rooting a polynomial as required in the closely related Prony' s Energy Spectral Density (ESD) technique.
Preferences and Policies: An Intra‐Household Demand System

I estimate a household demand system with specific focus on allocation to children, adults and joint household goods. The main finding is that marginal dollars are spent disproportionately on adult-assignable goods relative to the way in which the average dollar is spent. The estimation provides both income effects and a complete set of cross-price effects, which informs analysis both of income transfers and of policies that induce relative price changes. Contrasted with earlier work, the demand system in this paper covers nearly all household expenditures. I show bias that results from reduced-form systems.
Synergistic Combinatorial Stroke Therapy: A Quantal Bioassay of a GABA Agonist and a Glutamate Antagonist

We sought to prolong the window for stroke treatment using synergistic combinatorial therapy. We used the intraluminal filament occlusion model in rats to cause focal cerebral ischemia and a quantal bioassay to measure efficacy. The GABA agonist muscimol and the glutamate antagonist MK-801 were used alone and in combination at various times after ischemia onset. At progressively longer treatment delay intervals (30, 60, 75, 120, 240, and 360 min), higher doses of the single drugs were required to achieve neuroprotection. In contrast, the combination 1.0 mg/kg muscimol plus 0.5 mg/kg MK-801 was effective at all delay intervals studied except the longest (P < 0.05 at each time). After 240 min from ischemia onset, the combination was more effective than either single agent (P < 0.05 for each drug dose), suggesting synergism. The neuroprotective effect could not be demonstrated using morphometry. The treatment effects were probably not due to hypothermia because brain temperatures recorded in awake, unregulated subjects remained normo- or slightly hyperthermic following all treatments. Awake subjects kept on a heating pad exhibited mild brain hyperthermia. The combination caused a drop and MK-801 caused a significant increase in mean arterial blood pressure (main effects F(5,172) = 29, P < 0.0001). The combination of a GABA agonist and glutamate antagonist appears to possess synergistic neuroprotective effects when treatment is delayed up to 240 min following the onset of cerebral ischemia. Temperature regulation causes hyperthermia in awake subjects. The quantal bioassay is one method suitable for studies of synergistic stroke therapy.
Cytochrome c release from mitochondria of early postimplantation murine embryos exposed to 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide, heat shock, and staurosporine.

Cell death is an early and common event in the pathogenesis associated with the abnormal development induced by a variety of teratogens. Previously, we showed that the cell death induced in day 9 mouse embryos by three teratogens, hyperthermia (HS), 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-CP), and sodium arsenite (As), is apoptotic in nature involving the activation of caspase-3, cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and DNA fragmentation. We now show that HS, 4-CP, and staurosporine (ST) induce the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria with kinetics suggesting a causal relationship with the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-2. This causal relationship is supported by data showing that procaspase-3 and -2 can be activated in vitro by the addition of cytochrome c to a S-100 fraction prepared from control day 9 embryos. Together, these data support the notion that these three teratogens induce changes in embryonic mitochondria resulting in the release of cytochrome c and the subsequent activation of caspase-9, the upstream activator of caspase-3. Previously, we also showed that cells within the day 9 mouse embryo are differentially sensitive/resistant to the cell death-inducing potential of HS, 4-CP, and As. The most dramatic example of this differential sensitivity is the complete resistance of heart cells, characterized by the lack of caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and DNA fragmentation. We now show that this block in the terminal phase of the apoptotic pathway in heart cells is associated with a lack of teratogen-induced release of cytochrome c. Together, our data indicate that mitochondria play a pivotal role in cell death during the early phases of teratogenesis.
Multifunctional lipid multilayer stamping.

Nanostructured lipid multilayers on surfaces are a promising biofunctional nanomaterial. For example, surface-supported lipid multilayer diffraction gratings with optical properties that depend on the microscale spacing of the grating lines and the nanometer thickness of the lipid multilayers have been fabricated previously by dip-pen nanolithography (DPN), with immediate applications as label-free biosensors. The innate biocompatibility of such gratings makes them promising as biological sensor elements, model cellular systems, and construction materials for nanotechnology. Here a method is described that combines the lateral patterning capabilities and scalability of microcontact printing with the topographical control of nanoimprint lithography and the multimaterial integration aspects of dip-pen nanolithography in order to create nanostructured lipid multilayer arrays. This approach is denoted multilayer stamping. The distinguishing characteristic of this method is that it allows control of the lipid multilayer thickness, which is a crucial nanoscale dimension that determines the optical properties of lipid multilayer nanostructures. The ability to integrate multiple lipid materials on the same surface is also demonstrated by multi-ink spotting onto a polydimethoxysilane stamp, as well as higher-throughput patterning (on the order of 2 cm(2) s(-1) for grating fabrication) and the ability to pattern lipid materials that could not previously be patterned with high resolution by lipid DPN, for example, the gel-phase phospholipid 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) or the steroid cholesterol.
Computer Support for School-Based Team Consultation

Summary School-based consultation teams have been implemented in a variety of ways to address students' academic and behavioral difficulties while supporting teachers. Recent research has provided information that may benefit the school-based team consultation process. Computer software offers an effective and efficient means of guiding diverse team members through a comprehensive consultation process, generating intervention scripts, tailoring data collection to student needs, as well as recording and communicating information shared during team consultation.
Calculations of faith: mathematics, philosophy, and sanctity in 18th-century Italy (new work on Maria Gaetana Agnesi)

Abstract The recent publication of three books on Maria Gaetana Agnesi (1718–1799) offers an opportunity to reflect on how we have understood and misunderstood her legacy to the history of mathematics, as the author of an important vernacular textbook, Instituzioni analitiche ad uso della gioventu italiana (Milan, 1748), and one of the best-known women natural philosophers and mathematicians of her generation. This article discusses the work of Antonella Cupillari, Franco Minonzio, and Massimo Mazzotti in relation to earlier studies of Agnesi and reflects on the current state of this subject in light of the author’s own research on Agnesi.
Parathion hydrolase gene from Pseudomonas diminuta MG: subcloning, complete nucleotide sequence, and expression of the mature portion of the enzyme in Escherichia coli

The nucleotide sequence of the gene from Pseudomonas diminuta MG encoding parathion hydrolase was determined, and a single open reading frame located. Comparison of the deduced N-terminal amino acid sequence with that determined by protein sequence analysis of the enzyme from P. diminuta MG indicated that parathion hydrolase is synthesized as a 365 amino acid precursor from which 29 amino acids are removed. Expression of the processed parathion hydrolase coding sequence in Escherichia coli under the control of lambda PL promoter results in the production of high-level enzyme activity. Furthermore, addition of metal salts to the growth medium enhanced specific activity. The N-terminal amino acid sequence, C-terminal amino acid sequence and the amino acid composition of the purified enzyme were in agreement to those expected from the translated DNA sequence.
Antiretroviral Treatment 2010: Progress and Controversies

Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) changes the clinical course of HIV infection. There are 25 antiretroviral drugs approved for the treatment of HIV infection, and current antiretroviral drug regimens are highly effective, convenient, and relatively nontoxic. ART regimens should be chosen in consideration of a patient's particular clinical situation. Successful treatment is associated with durable suppression of HIV viremia over years, and consequently, ART reduces the risk of clinical progression. In fact, current models estimate that an HIV-infected individual appropriately treated with antiretroviral drugs has a life expectancy that approaches that of the general HIV-uninfected population, although some patient groups such as injection drug users do less well. Despite these advances, continued questions about ART persist: What is the optimal time to start ART? What is the best regimen to start? When is the optimal time to change ART? What is the best regimen to change to? In addition, newer antiretroviral agents are in development, both in existing classes and in new classes such as the CD4 receptor attachment inhibitors and the maturation inhibitors. Further research will help optimize current antiretroviral treatments and strategies.
Analysis of unsteady compressible boundary layer flow via finite elements

Abstract This paper is concerned with the discrete formulation and numerical solution of unsteady compressible boundary layer flows using the Galerkin-finite element method. Linear interpolation functions for the velocity, density, temperature and pressure are used in the momentum equation and equations of continuity, energy and state. The coupled nonlinear finite element equations are approximated by a third order Taylor series expansion as temporal operator to integrate in time with Newton-Raphson type iterations performed until convergence within each time step. As an example, a boundary layer problem of a perfect gas behind a normal shock wave is solved. A comparison of the results with those by other method indicates a favorable agreement.
Relationship between body mass index percentile and skeletal maturation and dental development in orthodontic patients

Introduction The rate of obesity in children and adolescents is a current public health concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) percentile and skeletal and dental maturity in adolescent orthodontic patients. Methods Orthodontic patients between 8 and 17 years of age were assessed with a retrospective chart review. Skeletal maturation was assessed by using the cervical vertebral method, dental age with the Demirjian assessment method, and weight status with the BMI percentile. Linear regression and logistic regression models were used to assess the effect of the BMI percentile on dental age and cervical vertebral stage, respectively. Results For this study, 540 subjects met the inclusion criteria; 27% of the boys and 32% of the girls were either overweight or obese. Cervical vertebral stage and dental age were more advanced in subjects with increased BMI percentiles. For dental age, the coefficient for the BMI percentile was 0.005 year per 1 unit of increase ( P P Conclusions Orthodontists should consider weight status when evaluating growing children and adolescents because it can affect skeletal and dental development.
The Feasibility of Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography in the Emergency Department With Telemedicine Interpretation

Abstract Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) was performed on 26 patients admitted for chest pain deemed at low risk for mycoardial infarction. Pharmacologic stress in the emergency department on a 24-hour basis was administered by nurses and echocardiographic ultrasonographers with electrocardiograms and echocardiograms being interpreted through telemedicine relay by an off-site cardiologist. Target heart rate was achieved in 84% of patients with an average peak dobutamine dose of 48 μg/kg/min. Echocardiographic transmission to the cardiologist over standard telephone lines took 9 minutes per quad-screen cine-loop display. The entire protocol added 2.2 hours to the emergency room evaluation. The one patient out of 26 who had incipient myocardial infarction was diagnosed by resting echocardiography. The remaining 25 patients were found clinically to have no infarction or ischemia. Of these, 22 out of 25 had normal DSE in the emergency department; three had wall motion abnormalities on peak stress images. Another three patients had other cardiac diseases documented by echocardiography. Evaluation of chest pain on a 24-hour basis with DSE with telemedicine interpretation appears to be a rapid and safe means of screening patients at low risk in the emergency department. Further experience with this modality is needed before all patients should be enrolled or early discharge of patients on the basis of DSE can be advised.
Characterization of a glycosphingolipid β-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase activity in cultured hamster (NIL) cells

Abstract The activity of a glycosphingolipid N -acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GalNAc transferase) in cultured hamster fibroblasts (NIL-8) was characterized with respect to substrate binding, acceptor specificity, pH optimum and detergent requirements. Of the glycosphingolipid acceptors tested, transferase activity was observed only with globotriaosylceramide. The apparent K m values for uridinediphosphate- N -acetylgalac-tosamine and globotriasylceramide were 0.14 and 0.42 mM, respectively. The enzyme required Mn 2+ for maximum activity (4 mM), and Mg 2+ was not able to replace Mn 2+ . Of the detergents tested, sodium taurodeoxycholate gave the greatest activation of the enzyme at 1 mg/ml. A broad pH optimum (4.5–8.0) was obtained, with maximum activity at pH 6.0 in 2-( N -niorpholino)ethanesulfonic acid. Globotetraosyl-ceramide and II 3 -α-N-acetylneuraminyl-lactosylceramide inhibited transferase activity with globotriaosyl-ceramide as substrate, but lactosylceramide had no effect on the activity with this acceptor. The major product of the assay was shown to be a tetraglycosylceramide with a terminal β - N -acetylgalactosamine moiety by co-migration with authentic globotetraosylceramide on TLC plates and by cleavage of the labeled N -acetylgalactosamine from the product by jack bean β-hexosaminidase.
Intragroup dissonance: Responses to ingroup violation of personal values

Abstract The present research draws on cognitive dissonance theory [Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press] and social identity theory [ Tajfel, H. (Ed.). (1978). Differentiation between social groups. London: Academic Press ] to examine how group members respond to discrepancies between their personal values and the behavior of an ingroup. In two experiments we manipulated whether participants’ ingroup violated a personal value (providing basic healthcare in Experiment 1 and self-reliance in Experiment 2) and measured participants’ emotional responses and strategies for reducing discomfort. As expected, individuals experienced psychological discomfort (but not negative self-directed emotion), when an ingroup, but not when an outgroup, violated a personal value, and this discomfort mediated participants’ disidentification with their group (Experiment 1) and value-adherence activism (Experiment 2).
Recall of abstract and concrete words equated for meaningfulness

A list of 10 abstract and 10 concrete nouns, equated for meaningfulness (Noble's m), was compiled, half of each type being high-frequency words, half, low-frequency words (“AA” and “1-to-24” in the Thorndike-Lorge Tables, respectively). The words were presented singly by means of a projector to 3 groups of college students. All groups were shown the list twice, with the sequence of the words changed from first to second presentation and from group to group. Immediate free recall was tested. Significantly more concrete than abstract words were recalled, thereby eliminating meaningfulness, at least as indicated by association-frequency, as the crucial factor in the differential recall.
XH42+Dications and Search for XH43+Trications (X = N, P, and As)†

Structures and energies of XH42+ and XH43+ (X = N, P, and As) were calculated at the ab initio MP2/6-31G** and QCISD(T)/6-311G** levels of theory. Contrary to previous theoretical studies, the global minimum structure of PH42+ is not C3v symmetrical 2 but a Cs symmetrical 3 with a 2e-3c bond. The structure 2 is less stable than 3 by 6.5 kcal/mol. Calculations also showed that 2 if formed will spontaneously convert into 3. The planar C2v symmetric structure 6, with a 3c-2e bond, was found to be the only minimum for PH43+. Similarly, Cs symmetrical 8 and planar C2v symmetric 10, each containing a 2e-3c bond, were found to be the global minima of AsH42+ and AsH43+, respectively. Thermodynamics of the deprotonation of the di- and trications studied is also discussed.
An assessment of the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in the formation of consumers' purchase intentions

Abstract Service quality and customer satisfaction are widely recognized as key influences in the formation of consumers' purchase intentions in service environments. However, a review of the existing literature suggests that the specific nature of the relationship between these important constructs in the determination of consumers' purchase intentions continues to elude marketing scholars (c.f. Bitner and Hubbert 1994; Bolton and Drew 1994; Gronroos 1993; Rust and Oliver 1994). The study reported here was designed to aid in the understanding of these relationships by empirically assessing the nature of the relationship between service quality and consumer satisfaction in the formation of consumers' purchase intentions across four unique service industries. The results of the current research, coupled with the weight of the evidence in the emerging services literature, suggest that consumer satisfaction is best described as moderating the service quality/purchase intention relationship. The managerial and research implications of the reported study are also discussed.
The 1899 cuban marriage law controversy: Church, state and empire in the crucible of nation

In this essay, a battle over canon and civil marriage that took place during the first U.S. occupation of Cuba, 1899–1902, is examined. The controversy surrounded the publication of a marriage law that declared that henceforth only civil marriages would be recognized by the state. The debate is discussed from the point of view of three key sets of actors: the Cuban nationalists who championed the law, the outraged Catholic prelates who opposed it, and the U.S. military administrators who ultimately decided the outcome of the controversy.
Reusing and Interconnecting Software Components

This article covers some problems, concepts, and approaches relevant to environments for creating, documenting, and maintaining large software systems. The goal is to make programming significantly easier, more reliable, and cost effective by reusing previous code and programming experience to the greatest extent possible. Suggestions given here include: systematic (but limited) use of semantics, by explicitly attaching theories (which give semantics, either formal or informal) to software components with views (which describe semantically correct interconnections at component interfaces); use of generic entities, to maximize reusability; a distinction between horizontal and vertical composition; use of a library interconnection language, called LIL, to assemble large programs from existing entities; support for different levels of formality in both documentation and validation; and facilitation of program understanding by animating abstract data types and module interfaces. ADA is used for examples because it has some convenient features, but the proposals also apply to other languages.
Ordered mesoporous alumina-supported metal oxides

The one-pot synthesis of alumina-supported metal oxides via self-assembly of a metal precursor and aluminum isopropoxide in the presence of triblock copolymer (as a structure directing agent) is described in detail for nickel oxide. The resulting mesoporous mixed metal oxides possess p6 mm hexagonal symmetry, well-developed mesoporosity, relatively high BET surface area, large pore widths, and crystalline pore walls. In comparison to pure alumina, nickel aluminum oxide samples exhibited larger mesopores and improved thermal stability. Also, long-range ordering of the aforementioned samples was observed for nickel molar percentages as high as 20%. The generality of the recipe used for the synthesis of mesoporous nickel aluminum oxide was demonstrated by preparation of other alumina-supported metal oxides such as MgO, CaO, TiO 2, and Cr 2O 3. This method represents an important step toward the facile and reproducible synthesis of ordered mesoporous alumina-supported materials for various applications where large and accessible pores with high loading of catalytically active metal oxides are needed.
Real-Time, Transcranial Monitoring of Safe Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in Non-Human Primates

The delivery of drugs to specific neural targets faces two fundamental problems: (1) most drugs do not cross the blood-brain barrier, and (2) those that do, spread to the entire brain. To date, there exists only one non-invasive methodology with the potential to solve these problems: selective blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening using micro-bubble enhanced focused ultrasound. We have recently developed a single-element 500-kHz spherical transducer ultrasound setup for targeted BBB opening in the non-human primate that does not require simultaneous MRI monitoring. So far, however, the targeting accuracy that can be achieved with this system has not been quantified systematically. In this paper, the accuracy of this system was tested by targeting caudate nucleus and putamen of the basal ganglia in two macaque monkeys. The average lateral targeting error of the system was ∼2.5 mm while the axial targeting error, i.e., along the ultrasound path, was ∼1.5 mm. We have also developed a real-time treatment monitoring technique based on cavitation spectral analysis. This technique also allowed for delineation of a safe and reliable acoustic parameter window for BBB opening. In summary, the targeting accuracy of the system was deemed to be suitable to reliably open the BBB in specific sub-structures of the basal ganglia even in the absence of MRI-based verification of opening volume and position. This establishes the method and the system as a potentially highly useful tool for brain drug delivery.
The Fortran I compiler

The Fortran I compiler was the first demonstration that it is possible to automatically generate efficient machine code from high-level languages. It has thus been enormously influential. The article presents a brief description of the techniques used in the Fortran I compiler for the parsing of expressions, loop optimization, and register allocation.
A review of three hundred ninety-six cases of acute diarrhea in which early oral feedings were employed in treatment

Summary A review of 396 patients admitted to the hospital because of acute diarrheas with a classification according to a severity index has been presented. The general plan of treatment is outlined. Stress is placed on the value of early oral feedings in the treatment of diarrhea of infancy and childhood.