cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cities and cinema

Films about cities abound. They provide fantasies for those who recognize their city and those for whom the city is a faraway dream or nightmare. How does cinema rework city planners’ hopes and city dwellers’ fears of modern urbanism? Can an analysis of city films answer some of the questions posed in urban studies? What kinds of vision for the future and images of the past do city films offer? What are the changes that city films have undergone? Cities and Cinema puts urban theory and cinema studies in dialogue. The book’s first section analyzes three important genres of city films that follow in historical sequence, each associated with a particular city, moving from the city film of the Weimar Republic to the film noir associated with Los Angeles and the image of Paris in the cinema of the French New Wave. The second section discusses socio-historical themes of urban studies, beginning with the relationship of film industries and individual cities, continuing with the portrayal of war torn and divided cities, and ending with the cinematic expression of utopia and dystopia in urban science fiction. The last section negotiates the question of identity and place in a global world, moving from the portrayal of ghettos and barrios to the city as a setting for gay and lesbian desire, to end with the representation of the global city in transnational cinematic practices. The book suggests that modernity links urbanism and cinema. It accounts for the significant changes that city film has undergone through processes of globalization, during which the city has developed from an icon in national cinema to a privileged site for transnational cinematic practices. It is a key text for students and researchers of film studies, urban studies and cultural studies.
Identifiability of the von Neumann–Morgenstern Utility Function from Asset Demands

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the identifiability of the von Neumann−Morgenstern utility function from asset demands. The question of identifiability acquires additional complexity in the case of assets demanded by an investor who maximizes a von Neumann−Morgenstern utility function. As the prices of assets vary and, as is likely to be the case in a framework of incomplete markets, the number of states of nature exceeds the number of assets, only a lower dimensional subspace of the space of state-dependent values of terminal wealth is attainable. No direct observations can be made on preferences for state-contingent wealth patterns outside this subspace. The standard argument for identifiability, thus, fails. On the other hand, the utility function can be assumed to have the special additively separable form implied by the axioms of expected utility theory. Knowledge of the asset demands is sufficient to identify the von Neumann−Morgenstern utility function, provided the latter can be assumed to be independent of the state of nature and analytic over the nonnegative real line. The problem of identifiability of the utility function is of empirical and theoretical interest.
Chapter 13 Non-Catalytic Photo-Induced Immobilization Processes in Polymer Films

This chapter describes non-catalytic photo-induced immobilization processes in polymer films. These processes are fundamental to a variety of applications such as microelectronics, imaging, and release mechanisms. The main focus of this chapter is on photopolymers containing thymine, a DNA base. In the first section, the historical account of applications of photoresist polymers is presented, and the processes of thymine photodimerization and its reversal are introduced. The second section discusses the mechanism of ultraviolet (UV) light-induced photodimerization of thymine. Concerted reaction resulting in the formation of cyclobutane rings is discussed in the context of Woodward–Hoffmann Frontier Molecular Orbital theory. The third section deals with synthetic polymers that incorporate thymine moieties as pendant groups. In this section examples are given of both organic- and water-soluble photopolymers, which can be immobilized by photo-induced crosslinking, and the applications of those polymers. The fourth section focuses on soluble polymers that are immobilized as result of exposure to irradiation, such as UV light. The kinetics of immobilization is described in the context of Flory's theory of network formation. The fifth section describes various methods known to trigger the reverse crosslinking process, resulting in the re-solubilization of photo-immobilized films. The sixth section presents some thoughts on possible future directions and potential opportunities for this technology.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CALPAINS FROM RAINBOW TROUT MUSCLE AND THEIR ROLE IN TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT

A single anion-exchange column was used to resolve calpain I and II and their endogenous inhibitor, calpastatin, from the white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Calcium requirement assays showed that calpain I and II required approximately 0.2 mM and 2.5 mM, respectively, for half maximal activities. Isolation of calpain I and calpastatin were confirmed by Western blot. Incubation of trout muscle for 12 h postmortem, in a buffer containing CaCl2, decreased (P < 0.0001) shear force compared to samples incubated in a buffer containing EDTA. This effect indicates that softening of fish muscle can be accelerated by activation of calpains with exogenous calcium.
Model-Based Software Engineering in Larger Scale Project Courses

ABSTRACT In this paper we describe the organization of a project course in model-based software engineering currently taught at Carnegie Mellon University. We mention several limitations encountered, in particular on the system design level, when we involved the students increasingly in iterative development. We motivate the need to include artifact modeling in the course to better support iterative development as well as the need for generalized modeling to provide a better integration of artifact models with models for project management, communication and documentation. We present a candidate development methodology that supports artifact modeling and illustrate a general information modeling environment that complements and extends artifact modeling to better support iterative team-based software engineering.
Postnatal Growth Retardation in Congenital Rubella

Three patterns of postnatal growth were found among a group of 16 infants with congenital rubella. Most remained smaller than average during infancy but grew at a normal rate. Several showed a "catch up" phase, the growth spurt in some cases occurring at about the time of apparent termination of infection. Others had a marked postnatal deceleration in growth associated with prolonged infection. Infants of mothers with rubella during the first 8 weeks of gestation showed more stunting than those born of mothers who had had rubella after this time. Males with congenital rubella tended to have greater postnatal growth failure in both length and weight than females. There was some relationship between continued infection and the degree of postnatal growth retardation. Growth hormone assays and other endocrine studies failed to reveal a hormonal basis for the postnatal growth failure of congenital rubella. No relationship between growth retardation and pituitary, thyroid, cardiac, renal, or hepatic dysfunction was found.
Pre-B cells suppress RAG expression in response to DNA double-strand breaks (HEM1P.225)

The ability of the Rag1/Rag2 (RAG) endonuclease to assemble antigen receptor (AgR) genes is essential for adaptive immunity. However, aberrant induction or repair of RAG-induced DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) can lead to oncogenic AgR translocations. We have previously shown that RAG-induced DSBs in pre-B cells activate the ATM kinase to prevent RAG cleavage of the homologous allele, and to inhibit expression of Rag1 and Rag2. These breaks also suppress expression of Gadd45α, which promotes Rag1 and Rag2 transcription. Since DSBs induced by ionizing radiation (IR) signal through ATM to increase Gadd45α expression in all other cell types including mature B cells, these results indicate that RAG DSBs and/or pre-B cells use unique mechanisms to regulate Gadd45α expression. We now demonstrate that IR-induced DSBs in pre-B cells signal through the ATM kinase to down-regulate Gadd45α expression. We also demonstrate that these IR DSBs signal ATM-dependent suppression of Rag1 and Rag2 transcription, without affecting stability of Rag1 or Rag2 mRNA. Because the presence of multiple DSBs in a cell greatly increases the risk of translocation, we hypothesize that pre-B cells have developed a unique developmental stage-specific DSB response to suppress the induction of RAG DSBs in the presence of other DSBs. Our ongoing studies will determine the role of this pre-B cell specific DSB response in suppressing AgR translocations and enforcing mono-allelic assembly of immunoglobulin genes.
Diabetes in pregnancy

Abstract From the year 1962 through 1970, a total of 279 pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus were diagnosed and treated. Of the 279 pregnancies, 213 cases (76 per cent) were classified as gestational diabetes. These patients were treated with diet and frequent outpatient visits during their pregnancy. Barring any complication other than diabetes in their pregnancies and with no previous fetal loss, these patients were allowed to be delivered at term but not beyond. The perinatal mortality rate for these gestational diabetic patients was 3.8 per cent. It is felt from this experience that it is permissible to allow gestational diabetic patients to be delivered at term.
An Evaluation of Four Methods of Monitoring Simultaneous Primary and Secondary Voice Messages

Four methods of monitoring simultaneous primary and secondary voice messages were investigated in high and low ambient noise environments. Two of the methods used a single earpiece headset and wall speaker, and two methods used a dual earpiece headset with either the primary message in one ear and the secondary message in the other ear, or the primary message in both ears and the secondary message in a single ear. A realistic script and operational setting were used to test the conditions using 54 trained subjects. The dual-headset methods were found to be significally superior to the headset/speaker method in most scoring categories. No significant differences were found between noise levels. The findings are compared with previous research on multimessage monitoring.
An accurate formula for the Q-factor of a fiber transmission system with partially polarized noise

We derive and validate an accurate expression for the Q-factor of an amplitude-shift-keyed optical fiber transmission system that accounts for effects due to partially polarized noise produced by polarization-dependent components. This expression holds for arbitrary pulse shape and receiver characteristics.
Cardiovascular diseases in populations: secular trends and contemporary challenges—Geoffrey Rose lecture, European Society of Cardiology meeting 2014

Geoffrey Rose pioneered the concept that, to reduce the burden of disease, improving the population distribution of a risk factor was preferable to interventions that target high-risk individuals. Reflecting on this concept prompted us to ask if temporal trends in the burden of cardiovascular disease support this hypothesis. This perspective article summarizes the Geoffrey Rose lecture given at the European Society of Cardiology meeting in 2014 and examines how cardiovascular diseases have evolved over the past three decades focusing on temporal trends in myocardial infarction and heart failure.
Challenges in pharmacologic management of the hospitalized patient with psychiatric comorbidity

BACKGROUND Psychiatric comorbidity is common in the inpatient medical population. Hospitalists are frequently faced with decisions regarding the psychopharmacologic management of medically ill patients, yet receive limited psychiatric training. This review aims to assist the hospitalist in making an informed decision about the continuation of home psychotropic medications in the medically ill patient. METHODS A PubMed literature review was performed to obtain information on the effects of psychotropic medication discontinuation. In addition, the literature was reviewed regarding the potential challenges of psychotropic medication continuation. RESULTS A growing number of studies demonstrate high rates of relapse when medications are discontinued in patients suffering from mood disorders, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders. Abrupt cessation of psychotropics is especially dangerous, leading to a greater chance of destabilization. Discontinuation syndromes, with prominent physical symptoms, may also result from sudden psychotropic cessation. Conversely, continuing home psychotropic medication may cause adverse effects due to drug-drug interactions or changing pharmacokinetics. CONCLUSIONS This review examines the risks of psychotropic discontinuation as well as the challenges of psychotropic continuation in the medically ill patient. When making complex psychopharmacologic decisions, hospitalists should employ all available resources, including pharmacists and consult-liaison psychiatrists. Ultimately, physicians and patients must make collaborative decisions, weighing the risks and benefits of psychiatric medications. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2013;8:523–529. © 2013 Society of Hospital Medicine
The structural analysis of three-dimensional fibrous collagen hydrogels by raman microspectroscopy

To investigate molecular effects of 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC), EDC/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), glyceraldehyde cross-linking as well as polymerization temperature and concentration on the three-dimensional (3D) collagen hydrogels, we analyzed the structures in situ by Raman microspectroscopy. The increased intensity of the 814 and 936 cm(-1) Raman bands corresponding to the C-C stretch of a protein backbone and a shift in the amide III bands from 1241 cm(-1)/1268 cm(-1) in controls to 1247 cm(-1)/1283 cm(-1) in glyceraldehyde-treated gels indicated changes to the alignment of the collagen molecules, fibrils/fibers and/or changes to the secondary structure on glyceraldehyde treatment. The increased intensity of 1450 cm(-1) band and the appearance of a strong peak at 1468 cm(-1) reflected a change in the motion of lysine/arginine CH2 groups. For the EDC-treated collagen hydrogels, the increased intensity of 823 cm(-1) peak corresponding to the C-C stretch of the protein backbone indicated that EDC also changed the packing of collagen molecules. The 23% decrease in the ratio of 1238 cm(-1) to 1271 cm(-1) amide III band intensities in the EDC-modified samples compared with the controls indicated changes to the alignment of the collagen molecules/fibrils and/or the secondary structure. A change in the motion of lysine/arginine CH2 groups was detected as well. The addition of NHS did not induce additional Raman shifts compared to the effect of EDC alone with the exception of a 1416 cm(-1) band corresponding to a COO(-) stretch. Overall, the Raman spectra suggest that glyceraldehyde affects the collagen states within 3D hydrogels to a greater extent compared to EDC and the effects of temperature and concentration are minimal and/or not detectable.
Comparison of photodermatoses in African-Americans and Caucasians: a follow-up study.

Summary Background/Purpose Only a few studies have compared frequencies of photodermatoses among different races and skin types. This is an extension of a study performed by Kerr and Lim and evaluates the frequency of photodermatoses in African-Americans compared with Caucasians in the same institution during an 8-year period. Methods Retrospective chart review was performed, including dermatology clinic charts from October 2004 to August 2012 with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnostic codes related to photodermatoses. Results We identified 229 patients with photodermatoses. Of these, 138 (46.6%) were African-American and 63 (42.2%) were Caucasian. Statistically significant differences in the distribution of photodermatoses in African-Americans and Caucasians, respectively, were as follows: phototoxic drug eruption (0.7% and 15.9%, P < 0.0001), phytophotodermatitis (0% and 6.3%, P = 0.009), polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) (86.2% and 54%, P < 0.0001) and porphyrias (0% and 7.9%, P = 0.003). Conclusion Combined with data from Kerr and Lim, this is the largest study of photodermatoses in African-Americans to date. Congruent to former studies, photodermatoses do occur regularly in dark-skinned individuals. Overall, the frequency of photodermatoses in African-Americans and Caucasians are similar; however, PMLE occurs more commonly in African-Americans, and porphyias and phototoxicity occur more commonly in Caucasians.
Very high X-ray efficiency from a blazed grating

The efficiency of X-ray diffraction from reflection gratings has been investigated experimentally using a gold-coated plane grating of 25 x 120 mm with a nominal blaze angle of 21 deg in a conical diffraction mount. Results show that conical diffraction is capable of producing very high dispersion efficiencies. The peak of first order at 13.3 A is 40%; at 44 A, the peak is 34%. The most immediate application of this result is to X-ray astronomy where sources are weak.
A Threat- and Efficacy-Based Framework to Understand Confidence in Vaccines among the Public Health Workforce.

The Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) is an established threat- and efficacy-based behavioral framework for understanding health behaviors in the face of uncertain risk. A growing body of research has applied this model to understand these behaviors among the public health workforce. In this manuscript, we aim to explore the application of this framework to the public health workforce, with a novel focus on their confidence in vaccines and perceptions of vaccine injury compensation mechanisms. We characterize specific connections between EPPM’s threat and efficacy dimensions and relevant vaccine policy frameworks and highlight how these connections can usefully inform training interventions for public health workers to enhance their confidence in these vaccine policy measures.
Analysis of active control by surface heating

The excitation of boundary-layer disturbances by active, localized periodic heating of the flow surfaces is investigated analytically. A triple-deck model is used in the matched-asymptotics approach, and the incompressible case with small temperature variations, a linearized 3-deck problem, is considered. This case corresponds to the experimental (water-tunnel) conditions of Liepmann et al. (1982), who demonstrated that the induced disturbances can be used to enhance or suppress the Tollmien-Schlichting waves. Here the energy equation is uncoupled from the momentum and continuity equations to permit definition of the thermal-sublayer temperature profile by superposition of canonical solutions, which are presented in an appendix. A diagram of the 3-deck structure and graphs of calculated results are included.
Intrinsic ultracontractivity and the Dirichlet Laplacian

We show that if D = {(x, y): 0 < x < 1, f(x) < y < 1}, where f is negative, upper semicontinuous, and bounded below, then the semigroup associated with the Dirichlet Laplacian on D is intrinsically ultracontractive. Analogs in higher dimensions are proved. We construct domains of infinite area with this property.
Long-term results of patients undergoing liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis

Liver transplantation is the only effective therapeutic option for patients with end-stage liver disease due to primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). In this study, we analyzed a single center's experience with 150 consecutive PSC patients who received 174 liver allografts. Mean follow-up was 55 months. Actuarial patient survival at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years was 93.7%, 92.2%, 86.4%, and 69.8%, respectively, whereas graft survival was 83.4%, 83.4%, 79.0%, and 60.5%, respectively. The main indication for retransplantation was hepatic artery thrombosis, and the major cause of death was severe infection. Patients with PSC had a higher incidence of acute cellular and chronic ductopenic rejection compared to a non-PSC control group. Chronic ductopenic rejection adversely affected patient and graft survival. Biliary strictures, both anastomotic and nonanastomotic, were frequent and occurred in 16.2% and 27.2% of patients, respectively. The incidence of recurrent PSC was 20%. A negative impact on patient survival was not seen in patients with either postoperative biliary strictures or recurrence of PSC. Six patients (4%) had cholangiocarcinoma and 1 patient died related to recurrence of malignant disease. Seventy-eight percent of PSC patients had associated inflammatory bowel disease, most commonly chronic ulcerative colitis, which did not adversely impact patient outcome posttransplantation. Nine patients required proctocolectomy after liver transplantation; 5 because of intractable symptoms related to inflammatory bowel disease and 4 due to the development of colorectal carcinoma/high-grade dysplasia. Our data show that liver transplantation provides excellent long-term patient and graft survival for patients with end-stage PSC.
Effects of compressor hub treatment on stator stall and pressure rise

Influence de modifications de la conception au moyen d'un compresseur sur le decrochage et la montee en pression du stator
Active stiffener actuators for high-precision shape control of circular plate structure

Spaced-based adaptive optic systems have gained considerable attention within the past couple of decades. Achieving the increasingly stringent performance requirements for these systems is greatly hindered by strict weight restrictions, size limitations, and subjected hostile environments. There has been considerable attention in lightweight adaptive optics, where piezoelectric sheet actuators are directly attached on the back of optical mirrors to achieve a high-precision surface shape with minimum additional weight. In recent studies, it was discovered that the performance of the system could be further improved if the piezoelectric sheet actuator were decoupled in direction, meaning that the actuation in one of the two directions is eliminated. To realize the decoupling effect, the concept of utilizing the active stiffener for high-precision shape control is proposed and investigated in the study. The active stiffener is a stiffener-piezoceramic actuator pair that consists of an passive insert (stiffener) placed between the host structure and the active piezoelectric actuator. The basic premise is that the insert (stiffener) will reduce the action transmitted in one direction while allowing adequate action to transmit in the orthogonal direction. In this research, analytical and experimental efforts are carried out to examine the effect of the active stiffener actuators for shape control of circular plate structures. Analysis is performed on two large flexible circular plate structures, one having the direct attached actuators and the other utilizing the active stiffener actuators. It is shown that more reductions in the surface error can be achieved with the active stiffeners, as compared to systems with the direct attached actuators. It is illustrated that the direct attached actuators generate more localized deformation in the structure, whereas the decoupling capability of the active stiffener reduces the undesired localized deformation considerably. The experimental results verify the analytical predictions and clearly demonstrate the performance improvement of the active stiffener concept over the direct attached actuator.
Late Jurassic lizards from Como Bluff, Wyoming and their palaeobiogeographic significance

Fossils from the late Jurassic Morrison Formation, Como Bluff, Wyoming (Tithonian, ∼140 Myr ago) show that three genera of European lizards from the later Jurassic of England and Portugal (Cteniogenys, Paramacellodus Dorsetisaurus) also inhabited North America. These specimens corroborate evidence from mammal and other terrestrial vertebrate faunal similarities that western Europe and western North America had a continuous land connection in the late Jurassic. Some of this similarity, however, is pre-Tithonian, indicating that widespread mid-Jurassic transgressive seas in Europe were no barrier to vertebrate dispersal.
Sporadic bilateral retinoblastoma and 13q‐chromosomal deletion

Unilateral retinoblastoma (Rb) is usually a sporadic occurrence while bilateral (multifocal) cases are often familial. Sporadic bilateral Rb associated with a long-arm deletion of a D-group chromosome has been reported in 8 children. We have studied a 6-year-old female with bilateral sporadic retinoblastoma, treated during infancy by enucleation and radiotherapy. Chromosome banding studies on peripheral lymphocytes revealed an interstitial deletion from the long arm of a chromosome 13: del(13) (q12q14). Three additional patients reported in the literature had interstitial 13q- deletions, involving slightly different though overlapping regions. The only chromosomal region consistently missing in all of these 4 cases appears to be part of the lightly staining band 13q14. We, therefore, propose this site as the precise location of a gene (or genes) involved in retinal development. Our patient lacked features of the classic 13q- or 13-ring syndrome, which involves deletion of a more distal portion of the 13 long arm. When compared to reported patients with Rb and 13q-, it became apparent that there may be a separate recognizable syndrome consisting of moderate growth and developmental delay, characteristic facies and external ears, and bilateral sporadic Rb, which is associated with an interstitial 13q- deletion.
An ab initio study of the harmonic and anharmonic force field and fundamental vibrational frequencies of performic acid

Abstract The harmonic and anharmonic force fields and fundamental vibrational frequencies of cis-cis and cis-trans performic acid are studied ab initio in the 4-31G basis set using geometries fully optimized at this level. The frequencies predicted for the cis-cis conformer are compared with those derived from spectroscopic observations on the most stable form. An extensive comparison is made between the changes in diagonal and off-diagonal quadratic and cubic force constants, and diagonal stretching quartic constants, in going from the chain to the ring structure in performic and formic acid, and features which these changes have in common are seen to support the view that there is a hydrogen bonding type of interaction in trans -formic acid despite its unfavorable geometry.
Genome regulation at the peripheral zone: lamina associated domains in development and disease

The nuclear periphery has been implicated in gene regulation and it has been proposed that proximity to the nuclear lamina and inner nuclear membrane (INM) leads to gene repression. More recently, it appears that there is a correlation and interdependence between lamina associated domains (LADs), the epigenome and overall three-dimensional architecture of the genome. However, the mechanisms of such organization at the 'peripheral zone' and the functional significance of these associations are poorly understood. The role these domains play in development and disease is an active and exciting area of research, expanding our knowledge of how the three-dimensional (3D) genome is regulated.
Myosin S2 Origins Track Evolution of Strong Binding on Actin by Azimuthal Rolling of Motor Domain

Myosin crystal structures have given rise to the swinging lever arm hypothesis, which predicts a large axial tilt of the lever arm domain during the actin-attached working stroke. Previous work imaging the working stroke in actively contracting, fast-frozen Lethocerus muscle confirmed the axial tilt; but strongly bound myosin heads also showed an unexpected azimuthal slew of the lever arm around the thin filament axis, which was not predicted from known crystal structures. We hypothesized that an azimuthal reorientation of the myosin motor domain on actin during the weak-binding to strong-binding transition could explain the lever arm slew provided that myosin’s α-helical coiled-coil subfragment 2 (S2) domain emerged from the thick filament backbone at a particular location. However, previous studies did not adequately resolve the S2 domain. Here we used electron tomography of rigor muscle swollen by low ionic strength to pull S2 clear of the thick filament backbone, thereby revealing the azimuth of its point of origin. The results show that the azimuth of S2 origins of those rigor myosin heads, bound to the actin target zone of actively contracting muscle, originate from a restricted region of the thick filament. This requires an azimuthal reorientation of the motor domain on actin during the weak to strong transition.
Ultra-wideband spiral-helix antenna array

Design of a seven-element hexagonal array based on a simply-fed spiral-helix element is discussed. The measurement of a single element with array factor study and the full-wave modeling are used to assess the performance of the proposed array. In addition to the good frequency-domain characteristics, the time-domain behavior of the proposed array is shown to be excellent; thus its ability to radiate short pulses without any distortion and high efficiency is demonstrated.
Epidemiology of astrovirus infection in children

Human astrovirus (HAstV) is a major cause of acute diarrhea among children, resulting in outbreaks of diarrhea and occasionally hospitalization. Improved surveillance and application of sensitive molecular diagnostics have further defined the impact of HAstV infections in children. These studies have shown that HAstV infections are clinically milder (diarrhea, vomiting, fever) than infections with other enteric agents. Among the 8 serotypes of HAstV identified, serotype 1 is the predominant strain worldwide. In addition to serotype 1, the detection rate of HAstV types 2 to 8 has increased by using newly developed assays. HAstV is less common compared with other major gastroenteritis viruses, including norovirus and rotavirus; however, it is a potentially important viral etiological agent with a significant role in acute gastroenteritis. A better understanding of the molecular epidemiology and characteristics of HAstV strains may be valuable to develop specific prevention strategies.
Occiput to Thoracic Fusion After Surgical Resection of Desmoid Tumor

Background Desmoid tumors are rare clinical entities that cause significant morbidity based on their locally aggressive nature. Complete resection with wide margins is the standard of care; however, when arising in the neck, resection is limited due to proximity of the lesion to critical structures. Case Description We describe a complete resection of a desmoid tumor requiring extensive resection of cervical extensor musculature. We were able to achieve a total resection of a cervical desmoid tumor with no evidence of recurrence at follow-up. Conclusions Complete resection of desmoid tumors is the standard of care. In this case, we felt that complete resection would lead to iatrogenic instability; therefore, an occiput to thoracic fusion was performed at the time of the resection.
“All things considered:” sensibility and ethics in the later Merleau-Ponty and Derrida

It is one of Jacques Derrida’s later texts, Le Toucher—Jean-Luc Nancy, wherein one finds his most sustained commentary on the philosophy of Maurice Merleau-Ponty. I argue that Derrida’s criticisms of Merleau-Ponty in this text conceal a significant proximity between his own elaboration of sensibility and that of Merleau-Ponty. Their respective accounts of sensibility are similar in two respects. Firstly, for them both, sensibility is born of a parsing of the self in a hiatus or interval that disrupts the movement of auto-affection. The self can only be known as such through this exposure to alterity. Secondly, this exposure and opening is in no way normative for either thinker, which is to say that their accounts of sensibility are similar not only in structure but also insofar as sensibility for them both is a non-normative opening to ethics; it is an elaboration of embodiment that provokes the question of response but no definitive or prescriptive answer. Hence the structure of sensibility begs the question of ethics, and the problem of response, but can provide little by way of a normative ethics.
On the distributional implications of collective provision of public goods

Our analysis of the welfare implications of a comparison between independent adjustment and the Lindahl solution to the public goods problem suggests that especially for small or medium sized groups the inefficiency of independent adjustment may not be sufficient cause for collective action if that action cannot be combined with redistribution. From a normative position the question of proceeding with such redistribution is hardly obvious. Unless the status quo has some legitimacy, economists are often willing to support efficient but nonsuperior moves. For example, we do not require that a monopolist move to a Pareto superior position after antitrust proceedings. Rather we commonly identify his gains as ill-gotten. While it is important that those who may suffer from the move to a Lindahl-type solution are also likely to be poor, it is hardly obvious that the appropriate extent of redistribution is that dictated by the peculiarities of the independent adjustment equilibrium.
Electron Scattering and the Photoemission from Cesium Antimonide

Photoelectron energy distributions for cesium antimonide Cs3Sb change radically in character when hν exceeds 4 ev. This is attributed to scattering of excited electrons by valence electrons—a process not possible for hν < 4 ev. The results substantiate the zone structure proposed for Cs3Sb by J. A. Burton.
Intrinsic neuromuscular defects in the neurogenic bladder. VI. Myofiber ultrastructure in the somatically denervated male feline rhabdosphincter

Ordinary somatic striated muscle with purely somatomotor innervation undergoes atrophy with fibrosis when completely denervated. On this basis, it has been suggested that vesical outlet “obstruction” in voiding dysfunction resulting from lower-motor neural lesions is due to fibrosis of a denervated rhabdosphincter. We have shown previously that: (1) this sphincter has natural triple somatomotor/autonomic, cholinergic/autonomic adrenergic innervation of its myofibers; and (2) following its somatomotor denervation by bilateral sacral ventral rhizotomy, its myofibers lose somatomotor innervation and eventually acquires a purely autonomic innervation that includes autonomic re-innervation of their sole plates. The present study was conducted in 16 adult male cats to define the structural changes in myofibers of the somatically denervated rhabdosphincter. Samples of the sphincter, obtained 1, 2, 4, 6, and 10 weeks after bilaterial sacral ventral rhizotomy, were processed and studied by electron microscopy. In all samples, there was a combination of ultrastructurally normal, degenerative, and regenerative myofiber profiles. Degenerative profiles were most frequent in the 1-week, and regenerative profiles in the 6–10 weeks samples. No atrophic myofibers or interstitial fibrosis were observed in any sample. It is concluded that the somatically denervated male feline rhabdosphincter, unlike ordinary somatic striated muscle, maintains its structural integrity through myofiber regeneration and by not undergoing fibrosis. The somatically denervated rhabdosphincter, with its eventual purely autonomic re-innervation, therefore, can play an important role in lowermotor neurogenic dysfunctions that needs further investigation.
Division Algebras over Henselian Fields

In this chapter we focus on the tame division algebras D with center a field F with Henselian valuation v. As usual, we approach this by first obtaining results for graded division algebras, then lifting back from \(\operatorname {\mathsf {gr}}(D)\) to D. This is facilitated by results in §8.1 on existence and uniqueness of lifts of tame subalgebras from \(\operatorname {\mathsf {gr}}(D)\) to D. In §8.2, we describe four fundamental canonical (up to conjugacy) subalgebras of D that reflect its valuative structure. The rest of the chapter is devoted to Brauer group factorizations of D corresponding to the noncanonical direct product decomposition of \(\operatorname {\mathit{Br}}_{t}(F)\) given in Cor. 7.85. The factor \(\operatorname {\mathit{Hom}}^{c}(\operatorname {\mathcal {G}}(\overline{F}), {\mathbb{T}}(\Gamma_{F}))\) is represented by a type of division algebra N called decomposably semiramified, defined in §8.3, and characterized by the property that N contains a maximal subfield inertial over F and another totally ramified over F. We show in §8.4 that every tame division algebra D is Brauer equivalent to some S⊗ F T where S is inertially split and T is tame and totally ramified over F. We show further that every inertially split division algebra S is Brauer equivalent to some I⊗ F N, where I is inertial over F and N is decomposably semiramified. The classes \([\,\overline{I}\,]\) for the I appearing in the I⊗ F N decompositions of S are shown to range over a single coset of \(\mathit{Dec}(Z(\overline{S})/\overline{F})\) in \(\operatorname {\mathit{Br}}(\overline{F})\), called the specialization coset of S. In the final subsection, §8.4.6, we summarize what happens in the special case that v is discrete of rank 1, where substantial simplifications occur.
Activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in the leaf tissues of blight-affected Valencia orange trees (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck)

Abstract The activities and kinetic properties of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) were measured in leaf extracts of ‘Valencia’ orange trees. Enzyme preparations were made from healthy (control) trees and from trees affected by citrus blight, a disease of unknown cause. Activity of RuBPCase decreased in blighted trees as compared with the control, and this decrease was most obvious in the afternoon. The enzyme from leaves of control and blighted trees showed no differences in affinities for CO 2 and RuBP, having a K m (CO 2 ) of 25.8 μM and a K m (RuBP) of 210 μM. The V max values of the enzyme in blighted trees, however, were only 71 and 74% of those of the control with respect to HCO 3 − and RuBP concentration, respectively. Zinc concentration was about sixfold higher in trunk wood and twofold higher in leaf tissues of blight-affected trees than control trees. Activity of carbonic anhydrase in leaves of blighted trees was about 69% of the control. Reduced RuBPCase activity is considered one of multiple factors contributing to reduced photosynthetic rates and decreased growth and productivity of blight-affected citrus trees.
Thoracic tumor effects on plasmatic coagulation: role of hemeoxygenase-1.

Abstract Objectives Lung cancer is an important health threat worldwide, and is associated with a 3.8–13.9% incidence of thrombophilia. Of interest, patients with lung tumors have been noted to have an increase in endogenous carbon monoxide production via upregulation of hemeoxygenase-1 activity. Given that it has been demonstrated that carbon monoxide enhances plasmatic coagulation in vitro and in vivo via formation of carboxyhemefibrinogen, we sought to determine if patients with thoracic tumors undergoing lung resection/pneumonectomy had an increase in endogenous carbon monoxide and concurrent plasmatic hypercoagulability. Materials and methods Nonsmoking patients with thoracic tumors (n = 19) had preoperative carboxyhemoglobin (a measure of carbon monoxide production) determined, and a thromboelastometric method to assess citrated plasma coagulation kinetics and the formation of carboxyhemefibrinogen was utilized. Thoracic tumor patient coagulation kinetics was compared with normal subject (n = 30) plasma samples. Results and conclusion Patients with thoracic tumors were determined to have an abnormally increased carboxyhemoglobin concentration of 2.1 ± 0.6%, indicative of hemeoxygenase-1 upregulation. It was found that 84% of thoracic tumor patients had plasma clot strength that exceeded the 95% confidence interval value observed in normal subjects, and 44% of this hypercoagulable subgroup had carboxyhemefibrinogen formation. Future investigation of the role played by plasmatic hypercoagulability and hemeoxygenase-1 derived carboxyhemefibrinogen in the pathogenesis of thoracic tumor related thrombophilia is warranted.
Parallel object activation and attentional gating of information: evidence from eye movements in the multiple object naming paradigm.

Do we access information from any object we can see, or do we access information only from objects that we intend to name? In 3 experiments using a modified multiple object naming paradigm, subjects were required to name several objects in succession when previews appeared briefly and simultaneously in the same location as the target as well as at another location. In Experiment 1, preview benefit—faster processing of the target when the preview was related (a mirror image of the target) compared to unrelated (semantically and phonologically)—was found for the preview in the target location but not a location that was never to be named. In Experiment 2, preview benefit was found if a related preview appeared in either the target location or the third-to-be-named location. Experiment 3 showed the difference between results from the first 2 experiments was not due to the number of objects on the screen. These data suggest that attention serves to gate visual input about objects based on the intention to name them and that information from one intended-to-be-named object can facilitate processing of an object in another location.
Soil lead contamination at child day care centers in the greater Cincinnati area

Lead concentrations were determined for soil samples collected at 37 child day care centers located within the greater Cincinnati area. Soil samples were collected within 1.5 m of the exterior walls and throughout the remainder of the outdoor playgrounds of each of the child day care facilities. The soil lead concentrations were utilized as indicators of lead contamination from vehicle emissions and lead based paints. Mean lead concentrations were determined through Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. Soil lead concentrations were significantly higher within 1.5 m of the exterior walls than the rest of the outdoor play areas of the child day care centers (P < .05). There was a highly significant association between higher soil lead concentrations for child day care centers built prior to 1980 (P < .01). It was also found that a highly significant association exists between higher soil lead concentrations for child day care centers located within 2.5 km of the nearest interstate highway (P < .01). The findings of this research point to a clear need for concern about lead contamination at child day care centers and other facilities that large numbers of children frequent on a daily basis.
Smoluchowski–Vlasov theory of charge solvation dynamics

The dynamics of polar solvent reorganization near an instantaneously created charge are investigated. A linear, Vlasov‐type equation is derived, where the interactions between the polar molecules are treated using a mean field term containing the direct correlation function. For the diffusive limit, a Smoluchowski–Vlasov equation for reorientation is studied. The results, for model solvents, are compared to the results from continuum dielectric theories, to experimental results, and to results from recent computer simulations.
An ESR and ENDOR study of the hexahelicene anion radical

Abstract Ten hyperfine coupling constants obtained from the ENDOR spectrum of the hexahelicene anion radical are reported. Since only eight are expected by symmetry, it is inferred that the radical exists as an ion pair in DME solution. The coupling constants are compared to those calculated from HMO theory.
Zinc maleate and fumarate coordination polymers containing hydrogen-bonding capable organodiimines featuring ligand dependent in situ cis–trans isomerization

Abstract Solution phase reaction at ambient temperature of zinc nitrate, maleic acid and 4,4′-dipyridylamine (dpa) afforded {[Zn2(maleate)2(dpa)2]·5H2O}n (1), which displayed parallel (4,4)-grid like coordination polymer layers interdigitated into double layer slab motifs via hydrogen bonding. A similar reaction employing bis(4-pyridylmethyl)piperazine (bpmp) caused in situ cis–trans isomerization of maleic acid to fumarate, and generation of [Zn(fumarate)(bpmp)(H2O)2]n (2). Compound 2 also manifested (4,4)-grid coordination polymer layers similar to those in 1; however, the larger apertures in 2 permit 2d + 2d → 3D mutually inclined interpenetration. Thermogravimetric and luminescence studies are also reported for 1 and 2.
Derivation of line-of-sight stabilization equations for gimbaled-mirror optical systems

The gimbaled flat steering mirrors commonly used for pointing the outgoing line-of-sight of optical systems can also be driven to stabilize the line-of-sight, effectively isolating it from vehicle base motion. The stabilization equations provide the relative rates of the gimbal angles as functions of the angular velocity of the base. These equations are of use in feed-forward stabilization systems. Two algorithmic methods of deriving the stabilization equations are presented. These methods are distinguished from others by their use of a kinematic reference frame that is attached to the line-of-sight. The first method is completely general and can be applied to any system. The second is limited to systems of a specific configuration, but allows direct generation of uncoupled stabilization equations. Analysis of an aerial photography system is presented as an example.
Bureaucratic Advocacy and Ethics A State-Level Case of Public Agency Rulemaking and Tobacco Control Policy

Before 2001, the Oklahoma Department of Health achieved little to protect the public from the dangers of secondhand tobacco smoke. In an ongoing effort between 2000 and 2003, the department joined with health groups to lobby for stronger requirements, resulting in a new Oklahoma administrative rule in 2002 and legislation in 2003 regulating secondhand tobacco smoke. This action was congruent with the American Society of Public Administration's Code of Ethics for interactive democratic policymaking, in which administrators are required to serve the public interest with compassion, benevolence, fairness, and optimism.
Inventing Women: From Amaterasu to Virginia Woolf

(1998). Inventing Women: From Amaterasu to Virginia Woolf. Women's Studies in Communication: Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 111-126.