cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Globalization and Technology on Teaching Business Communication: Reframing and Enlarging World View, Methods, and Content.

This paper explores the current paradigm shift in the use of technology in the classroom, which is occurring because of technology explosion in society, impact of globalization, necessary reframing, and enlarging of the world view, methods, and content to make business communication classes relevant. The question is whether the classroom should mirror society or whether society will eventually mirror the classroom. If the classroom mirrors society, the responsibility of methods and content becomes an outwardly directed response. In essence, we simply copy what we see happening in technology within the business arena, such as blogs, Facebook, Twitter, or YouTube videos. If society will mirror the classroom, then the content and methods used can determine whether the potential for higher order thinking can be actualized within the society, as a whole, through the pedagogy of business communication. This actualization must come through the structure and use of an ethical core in teaching, with an understanding that technology has the power to both advance innovation and collaboration or mislead and distort, and it is the classroom facilitator’s responsibility to foster the realization of the power of technology. The business world is challenging those of us who teach business communication to make use of technology in a more “21st century” manner; not so much in the use of technology, but more in the attitudes that shape its use. In addition to teaching how to use technology for communication, there is a strong push to teach appropriate ethics in its use within a reframed world view. This paper addresses how content and methods must be reframed and how professors must adopt a revised world view that aligns with a culturally diverse audience and a 24/7, communicative, free, and open environment. The power and force of said technology, specifically social-media communication, has the ability to alter the course of lives, communities, corporations, and countries and must be seen as an integral part of the business classroom.
Arbitrary shape region-of-interest fluoroscopy system

Region-of-interest (ROI) fluoroscopy has previously been investigated as a method to reduce x-ray exposure to the patient and the operator. This ROI fluoroscopy technique allows the operator to arbitrarily determine the shape, size, and location of the ROI. A device was used to generate patient specific x-ray beam filters. The device is comprised of 18 step-motors that control a 16 X 16 matrix of pistons to form the filter from a deformable attenuating material. Patient exposure reductions were measured to be 84 percent for a 65 kVp beam. Operator exposure reduction was measured to be 69 percent. Due to the reduced x-ray scatter, image contrast was improved by 23 percent inside the ROI. The reduced gray level in the periphery was corrected using an experimentally determined compensation ratio. A running average interpolation technique was used to eliminate the artifacts from the ROI edge. As expected, the final corrected images show increased noise in the periphery. However, the anatomical structures in the periphery could still be visualized. This arbitrary shaped region of interest fluoroscopic technique was shown to be effective in terms of its ability to reduce patient and operator exposure without significant reduction in image quality. The ability to define an arbitrary shaped ROI should make the technique more clinically feasible.© (2002) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
The Four Faces of Institutionalism: Public Policy and a Pluralistic Perspective

Contending conceptions of the “new” institutionalism claim to offer approaches that can develop generalizable social scientific theories of behavior. This article challenges that proposition, arguing that contingencies exist in which specific forms of institutionalism are best suited to addressing particular types of questions. Viewed through the prism of public policy, it develops the argument that “policy dictates politics.” It suggests that four variants of institutionalism (historical, new economic, normative, and billiard ball) are each systematically most appropriate to examine the issues in the policy domains of redistribution, regulation, modernization, and liberalization, respectively. “New institutionalism” has become a catchphrase concerning an approach to the study of social science. Yet the term conceals a number of distinct approaches that compete with one another as explanations of political behavior. Some proponents of variants of institutionalism assert that they are trying to develop general theories of behavior. Some of the contributors to this issue of the journal represent efforts drawn from these different traditions. In this article I offer a contrasting perspective, one embedded in the notion that theories of institutions have identifiable and delineated contours that make them most appropriate for explanations of specific kinds of problems. This argument is based more on intuition than on science. It is one that is explored neither as exhaustively nor as deliberately as I would like, but that reflects my current state of thinking. It is presented in the form of a “think piece” which I believe is suitable for a forum of the type offered by a “special edition” symposium. I propose that there are four forms of “new” institutionalism. Each has specific features that suggest they are systematically best suited to the study of particular forms of public policy by virtue of the distinct character of politics in that domain. Reorienting and extending the seminal work of Theodore J. Lowi, I outline a resulting contingent argument challenging the claim that any one form of institutionalism is most suited to developing a general theory. Rather, each policy domain has a particular set of characteristics that capture a particular dimension of politics, and no one
RF/wireless interconnect for inter- and intra-chip communications

Recent studies showed that conventional approaches being used to solve problems imposed by hard-wired metal interconnects will eventually encounter fundamental limits and may impede the advance of future ultralarge-scale integrated circuits (ULSls). To surpass these fundamental limits, we introduce a novel RF/wireless interconnect concept for future inter- and intra-ULSI communications. Unlike the traditional "passive" metal interconnect, the "active" RF/wireless interconnect is based on low loss and dispersion-free microwave signal transmission, near-field capacitive coupling, and modem multiple-access algorithms. In this paper we address issues relevant to the signal channeling of the RF/wireless interconnect and discuss its advantages in speed, signal integrity, and channel reconfiguration. The electronic overhead required in the RF/wireless-interconnect system and its compatibility with the future ULSI and MCM (multi-chip-module) will be discussed as well.
Intracellular catalase function: analysis of the catalatic activity by product formation in isolated liver cells.

Abstract Intracellular catalase activity was measured in isolated rat hepatocytes by adding H2O2 under anaerobic conditions and measuring O2 evolution. Hydrogen peroxide was introduced either by continuous infusion or by pulse injection. Continuous infusion at a rate similar to the endogenous H2O2 production rate provided results that 60–70% of the H2O2 was metabolized by the catalatic reaction. Comparison of rates of O2 evolution to estimated rates of H2O2 metabolism obtained by the methanol-titration method ( H. Sies and B. Chance, 1970 , FEBS Lett.11, 172–176) indicated that the contribution of the peroxidatic reaction of catalase was small. The intracellular activity of glutathione peroxidase was estimated as the catalase-independent metabolism and used to determine the rate of intracellular H2O2 metabolism by the peroxidase. The results provide a quantitative basis for analysis of the physiological and toxicological aspects of H2O2 metabolism by liver.
A scheme for kinematic estimate of large-scale vertical motion with an upper-air network*

A scheme for kinematic estimate of the vertical p-velocity ω is designed under the presumption that the profiles should converge to a near zero value at the top of the atmosphere without being so required when a sensitive balance between the analysis scheme and data disposition is achieved. The scheme provides a range of eight degrees of optimization in estimating the divergence through the order of polynomial representation of the wind field, the treatment of missing wind data, and the space smoothing of the divergence. The scheme is applied to synoptic wind observations from the upper-air network over North America. The computed ω profiles and patterns of vertical motion field obtained from those profiles appear to support the proposition. It is indicated that the field of kinematic ω so computed through the depth of atmosphere will be useful in the study of large-scale atmospheric dynamics.
Using sample size to limit exposure to data mining

Data mining introduces new problems in database security. The basic problem of using non-sensitive data to infer sensitive data is made more difficult by the "probabilistic" inferences possible with data mining. This paper shows how lower bounds from pattern recognition theory can be used to determine sample sizes where data mining tools cannot obtain reliable results.
Fall-related upper body injuries in the older adult: a review of the biomechanical issues

Although the epidemiology of fall-related injuries is well established for the elderly population over 65 years of age, the biomechanics of how, when and why injuries do and do not occur when arresting a fall have received relatively little attention. This paper reviews the epidemiological literature in the MEDLINE data base pertinent to the biomechanics of fall-related injuries, including data on fall rates, fall-related injury rates, fall directions and types of injuries available. It also covers primary sources not listed on MEDLINE, along with the pertinent biomechanics literature. Many falls in older adults are in a forward direction, and as a result the upper extremities are one of the most commonly injured structures, presumably in protecting the head and torso. In this review emphasis is placed on what is, and what is not, known of the biomechanical factors that determine the impact forces and injury risk associated with upper extremity injuries in forward falls. While decreased bone mineral density may be contributory, it is not a reliable predictor of fracture risk. Evidence is presented that fall-related impact forces can be reduced by appropriate volitional arrest strategies. Further theoretical and experimental research is needed to identify appropriate fall-arrest strategies for the elderly, as well as the physical capacities and skills required to do so. Inexpensive interventions might then be developed to teach safe fall-arrest techniques to older individuals.
Transracial adoption of black children

Amuzie Chimezie, Ph.D., is Assistant Professor, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. In a society in which black-white The fifth factor is rarely mentioned relationships are characterized, among in the literature. This need is often other things, by hatred and oppression, lost sight of because many concerned one issue blacks have to consider is with adoptive problems have been so whether it is advisable, wise, safe, and preoccupied with proving that it does psychologically healthy for black chilnot exist. Among the proofs used are dren who must be reared by people the facts that many white adoptive other than their natural parents to be parents have children of their own and brought up in white homes. In an are still fertile. The psychosocial need earlier era—when blacks still hopefor adopting black children may, how lessly and futilely chased the meltingever, be present even though it is not pot mirage—blacks probably would recognized.7 have thought that having their chilIn view of these facts and beliefs, dren brought up in white homes would it is easy to see why transracial adop be the best thing that ever happened tion was suggested as a remedy. It to them. Witness the exultation with seemed to offer one way to reduce the which black house slaves spoke of surplus of white parents looking for belonging to "quality white folk" and babies to adopt.8 the degree to which they put themThe argument favoring transracial selves above the field hands because adoption of black children by white they were living with the white slave families is not based on an expressed owner. preference of white to black homes But there has been a significant for raising black children. Most groups change, not only in the times, but also and individuals who favor or at least in black ethnic consciousness, identity, do not oppose such transracial adop and attitudes and in blacks' perception implicitly or explicitly recognize tions of themselves, their plight, and that the black family is preferable for their culture. It is true that today some these children, and they admit that black groups and individuals do not the white family, at best, is only sec oppose the idea of having black chilond best. For example, the Child Wel dren raised in white homes; indeed, fare League of America, in full rec some decidedly favor it.1 Black oppoognition of the "insidiously racist sition to the idea also exists, however, character" of "the interacting forces and should be perceived as functionof our society," makes the following ally related to the rise in ethnic awarestatement;
Comparing Pearson Correlations: Dealing with Heteroscedasticity and Nonnormality

Methods for computing a confidence interval for the difference between two Pearson correlations are compared when dealing with nonnormality and heteroscedasticity. Variations of a method derived by Zou performed relatively well in simulations for the dependent case. For the independent case, the Wilcox–Muska method performed best.
Effects of Multirate Systems on the Statistical Properties of Random Signals

In multirate digital signal processing, we often encounter time-varying linear systems such as decimators, interpolators, and modulators. In many applications, these building blocks are interconnected with linear filters to form more complicated systems. It is often necessary to understand the way in which the statistical behavior of a signal changes as it passes through such systems. While some issues in this context have an obvious answer, the analysis becomes more involved with complicated interconnections. For example, consider this question: if we pass a cyclostationary signal with period K through a fractional sampling rate-changing device (implemented with an interpolator, a nonideal low-pass filter and a decimator), what can we say about the statistical properties of the output? How does the behavior change if the filter is replaced by an ideal low-pass filter? In this paper, we answer questions of this nature. As an application, we consider a new adaptive filtering structure, which is well suited for the identification of band-limited channels. This structure exploits the band-limited nature of the channel, and embeds the adaptive filter into a multirate system. The advantages are that the adaptive filter has a smaller length, and the adaptation as well as the filtering are performed at a lower rate. Using the theory developed in this paper, we show that a matrix adaptive filter (dimension determined by the decimator and interpolator) gives better performance in terms of lower error energy at convergence than a traditional adaptive filter. Even though matrix adaptive filters are, in general, computationally more expensive, they offer a performance bound that can be used as a yardstick to judge more practical "scalar multirate adaptation" schemes.
Impedance analysis of ASTM A416 tendon steel corrosion in alkaline simulated pore solutions

Abstract The corrosion behavior of ASTM A416 steel in alkaline simulated pore solution under active aeration was studied by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and measurement of open-circuit potential and polarization curves. The electrochemical impedance spectra were interpreted by use of a model that accounted for porous electrode behavior and for the contributions of both anodic and cathodic reactions. The open-circuit corrosion rate for a stationary working electrode immersed in the active-aerated electrolyte was 64 μm/year shortly after the cathodic pre-treatment was completed, but was too small to be detected after steady-state was reached.
An Exploratory Study of Transition on a Slender Cone in Hypervelocity Flow

Results are presented from an experimental exploratory study of laminar, transitional and turbulent boundary layers on a slender, sharp cone at zero incidence in hypervelocity flow. The study was conducted in the hypervelocity shock tunnel T5, whose high operating pressure permits achieving the necessary high Reynolds numbers at high total enthalpy. Surface heat transfer rate and resonantly enhanced flow visualization were used to determine transition location and flow structure. Results indicate that the transition mechanism at the conditions tested is via the Tollmien-Schlichting instability. No detailed information about the noise spectrum in the facility is available. A strong, gas-dependent increase of the transition Reynolds number evaluated at the reference temperature on specific total enthalpy was observed. This effect increases monotonically with the dissociation energy of the gas.
Hot +tips: Guidance cues signal directly to microtubules

Plus end tracking proteins (+TIPS) bind to microtubules. Results reported by Lee et al. and Zhou et al. in this issue of Neuron demonstrate that, via intracellular pathways signaling to +TIPs, microtubules can be a direct target of guidance cues in steering growth cones and regulating axon elongation.
QCD at small nonzero quark chemical potentials

We study the effects of small chemical potentials associated with the three light quark flavors in QCD. We use a low-energy effective field theory that solely relies on the symmetries of the QCD partition function. We find three different phases: a normal phase, a pion superfluid phase and a kaon superfluid phase. The two superfluid phases are separated by a first order phase transition, whereas the normal phase and either of the superfluid phases are separated by a second order phase transition. We compute the quark-antiquark condensate, the pion condensate and the kaon condensate in each phase, as well as the isospin density, the strangeness density, and the mass spectrum.
The 'Convenience of the Employer' Doctrine

In this report, Hellerstein examines the convenience of the employer doctrine, under which New York and several other states have long taxed the compensation that nonresident employees derive from services performed outside the state for in-state employers, unless the services are performed outside the state as a matter of necessity rather than convenience.
Fecal flora of volunteers on controlled diets

Ten volunteers completed a 4-month diet series consisting of a control diet, a meatless diet, a high-beef diet, and the same control diet, each lasting 1 month. Fat and fiber contents were essentially the same in all four diets, but protein content was doubled during the high-beef diet. High-beef protein consumption had little effect on the composition of the intestinal flora of the volunteers. There were no significant differences detween the high-beef and meatless diets in total numbers of anaerobic, facultative, or aerobic organisms isolated, nor were there major differences in the counts of the individual genera and species of bacteria encountered. The data indicate that animal protein consumption has little effect on the fecal bacterial profile in humans. The possible influence of animal fat consumption on the metabolic activities of intestinal bacteria is discussed.
Human Cancers Express a Mutator Phenotype: Hypothesis, Origin, and Consequences

The mutator phenotype hypothesis was postulated more than 40 years ago. It was based on the multiple enzymatic steps required to precisely replicate the 6 billion bases in the human genome each time a normal cell divides. A reduction in this accuracy during tumor progression could be responsible for the striking heterogeneity of malignant cells within a tumor and for the rapidity by which cancers become resistant to therapy. Cancer Res; 76(8); 2057-9. ©2016 AACRSee related article by Loeb et al. Cancer Res. 1974;34:2311-21.
Whole exome sequencing identifies the first STRADA point mutation in a patient with polyhydramnios, megalencephaly, and symptomatic epilepsy syndrome (PMSE).

Polyhydramnios, megalencephaly, and symptomatic epilepsy syndrome (PMSE) is an ultra rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe, infantile-onset intractable epilepsy, neurocognitive delay, macrocephaly, and craniofacial dysmorphism. The molecular diagnosis of this condition has thus far only been made in 16 Old Order Mennonite patients carrying a homozygous 7 kb founder deletion of exons 9-13 of STRADA. We performed clinical whole exome sequencing (WES) on a 4-year-old Indian male with global developmental delay, history of failure to thrive, infantile spasms, repetitive behaviors, hypotonia, low muscle mass, marked joint laxity, and dysmorphic facial features including tall forehead, long face, arched eyebrows, small chin, wide mouth, and tented upper lip. A homozygous single nucleotide duplication, c.842dupA (p.D281fs), in exon 10 of STRADA was identified. Sanger sequencing confirmed the mutation in the individual and identified both parents as carriers. In light of the molecular discoveries, the patient's clinical phenotype was considered to be a good fit for PMSE. We identified for the first time a homozygous point mutation in STRADA causing PMSE. Additional bi-allelic mutations related to PMSE thus far have not been observed in Baylor ∼6,000 consecutive clinical WES cases, supporting the rarity of this disorder. Our findings may have treatment implications for the patient since previous studies have shown rapamycin as a potential therapeutic agent for the seizures and cognitive problems in PMSE patients. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Changes in Utilization and Health Among Low-Income Adults After Medicaid Expansion or Expanded Private Insurance

Importance Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), more than 30 states have expanded Medicaid, with some states choosing to expand private insurance instead (the “private option”). In addition, while coverage gains from the ACA’s Medicaid expansion are well documented, impacts on utilization and health are unclear. Objective To assess changes in access to care, utilization, and self-reported health among low-income adults in 3 states taking alternative approaches to the ACA. Design, Setting, and Participants Differences-in-differences analysis of survey data from November 2013 through December 2015 of US citizens ages 19 to 64 years with incomes below 138% of the federal poverty level in Kentucky, Arkansas, and Texas (n = 8676). Data analysis was conducted between January and May 2016. Exposures Medicaid expansion in Kentucky and use of Medicaid funds to purchase private insurance for low-income adults in Arkansas (private option), compared with no expansion in Texas. Main Outcomes and Measures Self-reported access to primary care, specialty care, and medications; affordability of care; outpatient, inpatient, and emergency utilization; receiving glucose and cholesterol testing, annual check-up, and care for chronic conditions; quality of care, depression score, and overall health. Results Among the 3 states included in the study, Arkansas (n=2890), Kentucky (n=2898, and Texas (n=2888), there were no differences in sex, income, or marital status. Respondents from Texas were younger, more urban, and disproportionately Latino compared with those in Arkansas and Kentucky. Significant changes in coverage and access were more apparent in 2015 than in 2014. By 2015, expansion was associated with a 22.7 percentage-point reduction in the uninsured rate compared with nonexpansion ( P P P P = .02), reduced likelihood of emergency department visits (−6.0 percentage points, P = .04), and increased outpatient visits (0.69 visits per year; P = .04). Screening for diabetes (6.3 percentage points; P = .05), glucose testing among patients with diabetes (10.7 percentage points; P = .03), and regular care for chronic conditions (12.0 percentage points; P = .008) all increased significantly after expansion. Quality of care ratings improved significantly (−7.1 percentage points with “fair/poor quality of care”; P = .03), as did the share of adults reporting excellent health (4.8 percentage points; P = .04). Comparisons of Arkansas vs Kentucky showed increased private coverage in the former (21.7 percentage points; P P P = .04), but no other statistically significant differences. Conclusions and Relevance In the second year of expansion, Kentucky’s Medicaid program and Arkansas’s private option were associated with significant increases in outpatient utilization, preventive care, and improved health care quality; reductions in emergency department use; and improved self-reported health. Aside from the type of coverage obtained, outcomes were similar for nearly all other outcomes between the 2 states using alternative approaches to expansion.
Interdisciplinary treatment for chronic pain: is it worth the money?

Complex problems require complex solutions. As we have seen, chronic pain syndromes are complex biopsychosocial phenomena that develop over time. Conventional medical strategies designed for acute pain are often unhelpful and costly if patients have developed more chronic pain problems. Research studies have suggested that an interdisciplinary team is more effective than either serial multidisciplinary treatments or fragmented approaches toward care. Fortunately, the cost of interdisciplinary care is relatively low. Okifuji et al noted that interdisciplinary pain centers “have been more rigorously examined than most other treatment modalities used with chronic pain patients. More data are available for the efficacy of … [these centers] … than for any surgical procedures or conventional medical treatment for chronic pain” (3). Although time consuming and costly, treatments received at interdisciplinary pain centers “result in greater clinical effectiveness and cost savings than the alternatives” (3).
Chapter 15 – Macroinvertebrates

Macroinvertebrate communities occur in virtually all stream and river types worldwide. Only the most extreme and harsh conditions or where stream waters flow for only hours before drying are the members of this component of stream systems absent. Macroinvertebrates play a vital role in the ecology of stream ecosystems being responsible for much of the transfer of organic matter from various sources inside or outside of the stream through the stream food web. In many streams throughout the world, the macroinvertebrate community is dominated by aquatic insects although mollusks and worms can also achieve high density in some stream and river types. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the macroinvertebrates and introduce a variety of approaches to their study, methods of collection and problems to consider when developing experimental designs to research these important, and interesting organisms so vitally important to stream ecology.
Differences in test ordering between nurse practitioners and attending emergency physicians when acting as Provider in Triage.

Abstract Study objectives To compare diagnostic test ordering practices of NPs with those of physicians in the role of Provider in Triage (PIT). Methods This was a secondary analysis of data from a prospective RCT of waiting room diagnostic testing, where 770 patients had diagnostic studies ordered from the waiting room. The primary outcome was the number of test categories ordered by provider type. Other outcomes included total tests ordered by the end of ED stay, and time in an ED bed. We compared variables between groups using t -test and chi-square, constructed logistic regression models for individual test categories, and univariate and multivariate negative binomial models. Results Physicians ordered significantly more diagnostic test categories than NPs (1.75 vs. 1.54, p Conclusion NPs in the PIT role ordered slightly less diagnostic tests than attending physicians. This slight difference did not affect time spent in an ED bed. By the end of the ED stay, there was no significant difference in total test categories ordered between provider types. PIT staffing with NPs does not appear to be associated with excess test ordering or prolonged ED patient stays.
Computational Thinking in Teacher Education

Computational thinking (CT) has been offered as a cross-disciplinary set of mental skills that are drawn from the discipline of computer science. Existing literature supports the inclusion of CT within the K-12 curriculum, within multiple subjects, and from primary grades upward. The use of computers as a context for CT skills is often possible, yet care must be taken to ensure that CT is not conflated with programming or instructional technology, in general. Research had suggested that instructing preservice teachers in the use of CT can help them develop a more accurate and nuanced understandings of how it can be applied to the classroom. This chapter reports results from a study about preservice teachers’ conceptions of CT and how it can be implemented within their classrooms. Results suggested that preservice teachers with no previous exposure to CT have a surface level understanding of computational thinking. Participants largely defined CT in terms of problem-solving, logical thinking, and other types of thinking and often requiring the use of computers. The chapter offers implications for teacher educators to embed computational thinking in preservice education courses through educational technology as well as content specific methods courses.
Refusing Relevance: School Administrator Resistance to Offering Professional Development Addressing LGBTQ Issues in Schools:

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to provide insight to the multiple ways that school leaders resist, avoid, or block LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender, queer, and questioning) p...
Spatial Scale Gap Filling Using an Unmanned Aerial System: A Statistical Downscaling Method for Applications in Precision Agriculture

Applications of satellite-borne observations in precision agriculture (PA) are often limited due to the coarse spatial resolution of satellite imagery. This paper uses high-resolution airborne observations to increase the spatial resolution of satellite data for related applications in PA. A new variational downscaling scheme is presented that uses coincident aerial imagery products from "AggieAir", an unmanned aerial system, to increase the spatial resolution of Landsat satellite data. This approach is primarily tested for downscaling individual band Landsat images that can be used to derive normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and surface soil moisture (SSM). Quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate promising capabilities of the downscaling approach enabling effective increase of the spatial resolution of Landsat imageries by orders of 2 to 4. Specifically, the downscaling scheme retrieved the missing high-resolution feature of the imageries and reduced the root mean squared error by 15, 11, and 10 percent in visual, near infrared, and thermal infrared bands, respectively. This metric is reduced by 9% in the derived NDVI and remains negligibly for the soil moisture products.
Multiple-photon excitation of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond

We report the observation of multiphoton photoluminescence excitation (PLE) below the resonant energies of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. The quadratic and cubic dependence of the integrated fluorescence intensity as a function of excitation power indicates a two-photon excitation pathway for the ${\mathrm{NV}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ charge state and a three-photon process involved for the neutral ${\mathrm{NV}}^{0}$ charge state, respectively. Comparing the total multiphoton energy with its single-photon equivalent, the PLE spectra follows the absorption spectrum of single photon excitation. We also observed that the efficiency of photoluminescence for different charge states, as well as the decay time constant, was dependent on the excitation wavelength and power.
Advances in strategic marketing and the advancement of the marketing discipline: the promise of theory

Hunt (2018, Advancing marketing strategy in the marketing discipline and beyond: From promise, to neglect, to prominence, to fragment, (to promise?). Journal of Marketing Management, 34, 16–51. doi...
Islands of Clay: Toshiko Takaezu, 1922–2011

Toshiko Takaezu (1922–2011) was an important postwar Asian-American artist from Hawai‘i. My exploration of Takaezu’s work is closely informed by scholarship on hybridity and performative identity, which examines artists with hyphenated identities that bridge multiple personal and cultural formations. Takaezu has occupied an ambiguous and fluid space between cultures, artistic traditions, and assigned gender roles as Asian and American, as potter and sculptor, and as a woman who paid deference to traditional Japanese female culture but was also a pioneer artist who consistently identified with male forms of power. The essential paradoxes of Takaezu’s life and her struggle to find ways to create and perform her ethnicity without becoming trapped within it make her a fascinating case study. Her work reflects the implications of transnational flows and circulations; her clay works speaks to a heritage of migration, dispersal and the need to recapture a sense of lost homeland.
Noninvasive Screening and Testing for PAD in CKD Patients

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a cardiovascular disease risk equivalent and is a common problem in chronic kidney disease patients. In addition to the process of intimal atherosclerosis that is associated with traditional risk factors such as diabetes and tobacco abuse, PAD in CKD occurs due to medical calcification. PAD intervention should be performed in select symptomatic patients, as described by the guidelines, and CVD risk factor modification should occur in all CKD patients, regardless of the presence of PAD. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the screening and testing for PAD in CKD and ESRD patients.
The Impact of Time Pressure on Idea Generation

The issues of time pressure and idea generation are vital concerns for businesses today. In this paper, we examine the impact of time pressure on idea generation and creativity. One hundred and two business students were used to examine the impact of time pressure on: (a) the rate of ideas generated, and (b) the rate of the creativity of the generated ideas.
Smart Technology in the Field of Interior Design

This paper has two main objectives. The first objective is to present a set of design projects of interior design students focused on distributed, ambient and ubiquitous interactions. In this context, student works are analyzed under a theoretical framework. The second objective is to introduce the field of interior design as one of the forthcoming parties in smart technology implications. Interior design is a multi-faceted profession in which creative and technical solutions are applied to achieve a built interior environment. These solutions involve functionality, enhancement of the quality of life and the culture of the occupants and aesthetics. Interior design includes a scope of services to protect and enhance the health, life safety and welfare of the public. The paper analyzes and discusses nine design projects of the Topics Studio at the Interior Design Program, College of Architecture, University of Texas at San Antonio. In the 2012 Spring Semester, interior design students have applied an intense research pairing healthcare design strategies and smart technologies to two self-directed design thesis projects: A residence for Alzheimer's Disease patient, and a healthcare clinic for medical professionals who treat patients including Alzheimer's Disease. Projects are designed through the research and hypothetical application of remote control technologies, automation technologies, monitoring technologies, prompting / reminding technologies and prediction technologies. Physical and cognitive impairments, ADL limitations of older adults and patients, difficulties faced by family members and caregivers and clinical interventions in community health are considered not only from the interior design standpoint but also through technological advances. Results of this paper discuss how advanced technology is used as a design element by interior design students and merged with patient, caregiver and physician needs triad of healthcare projects. Perspectives on the studio experience are emphasized for future integrated design and practices of smart technology and interior design.
The dynamics of the bottom boundary layer of the deep ocean

Abstract Profiles of salinity and temperature from the center of the Hatteras Abyssal Plain have a signature that is characteristic of mixing up a uniformly stratified region: a well-mixed layer above the bottom, bounded by an interface. The penetration height of the mixed-layer varies from about 10 m to 100 m and has been correlated by Armi and Millard (1976) with the one day mean velocity, inferred from current meters located above the bottom boundary layer. Here the dynamics of such layers is discussed. A model of entrainment and mixing for a flat bottom boundary layer is outlined; this model is however incomplete because we find too little known of the structure of turbulence above an Ekman layer. An alternate model is suggested by the estimate, from the correlation of penetration height with velocity of the internal Froude number of the mixed layer, F ∼ 1.7. This value indicates that the large penetration height may be due to the instability of the well-mixed layer to the formation of roll waves.
Synthesis and Analysis Operators for Music Transcription

Automatic music transcription (AMT) aims at obtaining a musical score from an input audio signal. AMT is particularly difficult when the audio signal is polyphonic, i.e., com- prises concurrent pitches such as chords. In this work we propose trainable sparse models for automatic polyphonic music transcription, which incorporates several successful ap- proaches into a unified optimization framework. The framework contains as particular cases standard sparse synthesis and analysis type of priors. Our models combines unsu- pervised synthesis models similar to latent component analysis and nonnegative matrix factorization with metric learning techniques that allow supervised discriminative learn- ing. The supervised training of the proposed model is formulated as a bilevel optimiza- tion problem, in which the prior parameters are optimized to achieve the best possible performance on the transcription task. We also show efficient approximation with fixed complexity and latency that can replace iterative minimization algorithms in time-critical applications.
Crime and Safety in Suburbia

Criminologists have long focused their attention on the inner-city street corner and neglected the suburban cul-de-sac. Crime in the suburbs should be of greater criminological concern. Cities are ...
Membranous Nephropathy in a Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Shortly After Initiation of HAART with Atripla.

A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has long been associated with kidney disease. The pathogenesis of renal complications may be directly related to the presence of HIV viral particles or may occur secondary to an immune response against the virus. A number of HIV medications have been associated with the development of acute and chronic kidney disease. It has been estimated that approximately 60 percent of patients suffering from HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) will, at some point, manifest clinically significant renal sequelae.The most common kidney disease affecting HIV patients is HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) or focal segmental glomerulonephritis (FSGS). A very small subset of patients suffering from HIV/AIDS does go on to develop membranous glomerulonephritis. We present a case of a 55-year old Caucasian male who presented to the hospital after two weeks of weakness and falling when attempting to stand. The patient had a history of HIV, diagnosed in 1996. The latest cluster differentiation 4 (CD4) count was 245 cells/uL and the HIV-ribonucleic acid (RNA) viral load was reported as less than 75 copies/ml. The physical exam at presentation was insignificant. The laboratory examination revealed elevated creatinine. Potential nephrotoxic home medications, including Atripla and lisinopril, were held. After a brief inpatient stay, he was discharged but was ultimately readmitted for worsening renal function and nephrotic syndrome was diagnosed. Renal biopsy was performed, and membranous glomerulonephritis was confirmed. To this point, there are no associated cases reported of membranous glomerulonephritis after initiation of therapy with Atripla. We present a case of a rare etiology of membranous nephropathy in an HIV patient. Physicians should be judicious in detecting the etiology of renal dysfunction in HIV patients.
Radiofrequency Ablation for Dysplastic Barrett’s Esophagus

When Barrett’s esophagus progresses to have abnormal histologic features, this can be classified as low-grade or high-grade dysplasia. Although most cases of Barrett’s esophagus do not progress to dysplastic changes, when high-grade dysplasia is present, these lesions have a significant risk of progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma, reported as high as 20% per year. Throughout the years, controversy has existed as to how to treat Barrett’s esophagus and dysplasia in the setting of Barrett’s esophagus. Radiofrequency ablative (RFA) therapy has now become the standard of care for high-grade dysplasia as opposed to observation alone, esophagectomy, or photodynamic therapy. Ablation in these patients has demonstrated a high rate of complete eradication of dysplasia and decreased disease progression. It is important, however, that the endoscopist recognize and look for nodular disease prior to ablation. Any visible raised lesion must be addressed with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) prior to ablation in order to ensure that the ablation reaches the muscularis mucosae. In addition, sampling error can lead to under-staging in raised lesions, and EMR allows for a more accurate diagnosis which could lead to a treatment alternative more appropriate than ablation. We recommend that patients have two endoscopies in high definition with biopsies and within 2 months prior to undergoing ablation. Furthermore, it is recommended that the biopsies be reviewed by a pathologist specialized in Barrett’s esophagus.
The British Tradition of Legal Positivism

This essay traces a thematic thread through broadly Anglophone legal philosophy since the seventeenth century. Ownership of the title “positivism” is contested in contemporary Anglophone jurisprudence. If we to take the core theses embraced by contemporary legal positivists to identify the key figures in their tradition the story would be very brief, starting, perhaps, with Hart. Hence, rather than tracing a line of development of a coherent jurisprudential tradition, this essay sketches in broad outlines the transformation of Anglophone legal philosophy since Hobbes. However, it begins with a brief discussion of the headwaters of Anglophone positivist tradition in the “thetic” tradition of legal theory in late medieval jurisprudence and in the practice and theory of English common law and ends with a discussion of Salmond and other twentieth-century jurists who paved the way for Hart’s contemporary version of legal positivism.
Games We Envision: Rhetorics of Potentiality in Open Video Game Development Projects

Rhetorics of potentiality help to construct and sustain open video game development projects. Open development is the process of publicly releasing an incomplete game and iterating on it based on community feedback. This process requires active communication with players and a shared vision for the game. Developers establish an initial potentiality in their store descriptions. They maintain this potentiality through blog posts on progress and on the development environment. Players also use rhetorics of potentiality in game reviews and forum posts. Together these sites maintain the vision that the game is currently incomplete while also reaffirming a shared belief in a positive outcome of the development.
Modeling, reconfiguration and loss modeling of multidrive propulsion system under inverter faults in allelectric ships

This article models an all-electric ship as a multidrive marine propulsion system from an electromechanical perspective and evaluates the overall losses in the system at various inverter faults. The model can be divided into electric drive controls modelling and the actual ship model. The electrical drive part of the model consists of the supervisory controller and electrical motor drives along with all its losses, while the ship model accounts for the hull resistance loss, thrust power calculations and the propeller losses for a YP yard patrol craft. Losses of the multi-drive propulsion system are evaluated under normal-mode and limp-mode operation and the impact of faults and reconfiguration of load on system losses are studied.
High affinity threading of a new tetralactam macrocycle in water by fluorescent deep-red and near-infrared squaraine dyes

A new tetralactam macrocycle was prepared and found to encapsulate deep-red and near-infrared squaraine and croconaine dyes in water with tunable threading kinetics. The new supramolecular paradigm of guest back-folding was used to increase macrocycle/squaraine affinity by 370-fold and achieve an association constant of 2.8 × 109 M-1.
Learned Credulity in Gianfrancesco Pico’s Strix

In 1522–23, Gianfrancesco Pico della Mirandola was involved in trials that executed ten accused witches. Soon after the trials, he published Strix, sive de ludificatione daemonum, a meticulous defence of witch-hunting. A humanistic dialogue as heavily dependent on classical literature and philosophy as on Scholastic demonology, Strix is unusually candid about the logic of witch-hunting. A convicted witch among its four interlocutors makes Strix unique among witch-hunting defenses. Moreover, it devotes less attention to maleficia or magical harm than to seemingly peripheral questions about sacraments and the corporeality of demons. It attempts to demonstrate that witches’ interactions with demons happen in reality, not in their imagination, thereby vindicating the truth of Christian demonology and explaining the current surfeit of evils. Strix explicitly reverses Gianfrancesco’s earlier stance on witchcraft in De imaginatione (1501) and supplements the defence of biblical truth he undertook in Examen vanitatis doctrinae gentium (1520).