cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
259 REGULATION OF HEPATIC METABOLISM IN THE PUP OF A CANINE DIABETIC MOTHER (IDM)

Six insulin dependent diabetic dogs were mated and delivered at term. Pups were compared to those from 6 control litters and studied after 0,3,6,9 and 24 hrs of neonatal fasting. The fetal hepatic metabolic environment in the IDM (N=8) was characterized by elevated hepatic glucose (G)(7.85±.76vs4.74±.45μ mol/g) glycogen (Gly)(759±70vs519±18), pyruvate (py)(.201±.017vs.123±.012), citrate (.298±.027vs.179±.025), aspartate(Asp)(.995±.117vs.608±.529) concentrations and augmented energy charge (.745±.014vs.697 ±.010). Fetal fructose-1,6 diphosphate (FDP)(.0084±.0012vs.019± .003) and AMP(.198±.01vs.283±.033) were lower in IDMs. Fetal Gly synthase activity was not affected however active Gly phosphorylase was decreased. Hepatic G levels became equivalent to controls at 3,6,9 and 24 hrs. Gly content remained elevated at 3 and 6 hrs becoming equivalent to controls at 9 and 24 hrs. Gly content declined to 304±50 in controls and to 466±110 in IDMs by 24 hrs. At 3 hrs the cytoplasmic NAD/NADH ratio and at 3,6 and 9 hrs Py levels were elevated in IDMs. At 3,9 and 24 hrs, IDM FDP and ADP levels remained lower. Hepatic alanine and Asp levels were increased in IDMs by 6,9 and 24 hrs. These data suggests that maternal canine diabetes 1) ↑fetal substrate stores without attenuating neonatal glycogenolysis, and 2) during the fetal period inhibition of phosphofructokinase by ↑citrate and ↑AMP values and inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase by ↑citrate may explain the alterations of FDP and Py respectively at these times. *Deceased.
In Vivo Gene Therapy Corrects Neurochemical Abnormalities in the Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) Deficient Sparse Fur (spf/Y) Mouse. ♦ 1748

In Vivo Gene Therapy Corrects Neurochemical Abnormalities in the Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) Deficient Sparse Fur ( spf/Y ) Mouse. ♦ 1748
Simultaneous determination of enantiomers of structurally related anticholinergic analogs in human serum by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with on-line sample cleanup.

Abstract Trihexyphenidyl, biperiden and procyclidine are anticholinergic drugs produced as racemates for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. This paper describes a simple and sensitive LC–MS method for the simultaneous determination of these compounds in human serum. An on-line sample clean-up procedure was used, where serum samples were directly injected into a “restricted-access media” pre-column. After the exclusion of the serum proteins, the drug molecules were eluted to a β-cyclodextrin analytical column for chiral separation. The quantitation was done by electrospray ionization MS using diphenidol as an internal standard. The method developed has limits of detection of 1 ng/ml, at least two-orders-of-magnitude linear dynamic ranges (r>0.999), and RSDs of less than 10%. The system can be completely automated for increased sample throughput and unattended analyses.
Proton beam radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma: tumor control and cranial nerve toxicity.

Objective We sought to determine the tumor control rate and cranial nerve function outcomes in patients with vestibular schwannomas who were treated with proton beam stereotactic radiosurgery. Methods Between November 1992 and August 2000, 88 patients with vestibular schwannomas were treated at the Harvard Cyclotron Laboratory with proton beam stereotactic radiosurgery in which two to four convergent fixed beams of 160-MeV protons were applied. The median transverse diameter was 16 mm (range, 2.5-35 mm), and the median tumor volume was 1.4 cm(3) (range, 0.1-15.9 cm(3)). Surgical resection had been performed previously in 15 patients (17%). Facial nerve function (House-Brackmann Grade 1) and trigeminal nerve function were normal in 79 patients (89.8%). Eight patients (9%) had good or excellent hearing (Gardner-Robertson [GR] Grade 1), and 13 patients (15%) had serviceable hearing (GR Grade 2). A median dose of 12 cobalt Gray equivalents (range, 10-18 cobalt Gray equivalents) was prescribed to the 70 to 108% isodose lines (median, 70%). The median follow-up period was 38.7 months (range, 12-102.6 mo). Results The actuarial 2- and 5-year tumor control rates were 95.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 90.9-99.9%) and 93.6% (95% CI, 88.3-99.3%). Salvage radiosurgery was performed in one patient 32.5 months after treatment, and a craniotomy was required 19.1 months after treatment in another patient with hemorrhage in the vicinity of a stable tumor. Three patients (3.4%) underwent shunting for hydrocephalus, and a subsequent partial resection was performed in one of these patients. The actuarial 5-year cumulative radiological reduction rate was 94.7% (95% CI, 81.2-98.3%). Of the 21 patients (24%) with functional hearing (GR Grade 1 or 2), 7 (33.3%) retained serviceable hearing ability (GR Grade 2). Actuarial 5-year normal facial and trigeminal nerve function preservation rates were 91.1% (95% CI, 85-97.6%) and 89.4% (95% CI, 82-96.7%). Univariate analysis revealed that prescribed dose (P = 0.005), maximum dose (P = 0.006), and the inhomogeneity coefficient (P = 0.03) were associated with a significant risk of long-term facial neuropathy. No other cranial nerve deficits or cancer relapses were observed. Conclusion Proton beam stereotactic radiosurgery has been shown to be an effective means of tumor control. A high radiological response rate was observed. Excellent facial and trigeminal nerve function preservation rates were achieved. A reduced prescribed dose is associated with a significant decrease in facial neuropathy.
Feasibility and safety of closure Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants using Amplatzer PDA occluder ADOIIAS

Objective Interventional catheterism can be an alternative to surgery for PDA closure. With the new device PDA ADO IISA, we evaluate feasibility and safety to close PDA in low birth weight infants Methods In presence of Clinical signs, ultrasounds (US) defined hemodynamic significant PDA (HSPDA) by mean arterial velocity into pulmonary artery branch > 45 cm/sec, absence or reverse flow in the middle cerebral artery, renal and mesenteric arteries and DA diameter. Interventional catheterism was proposed vs. surgery to the parents. Babies are anesthetized and intubated. The procedure is done under fluoroscopy without contrast and US. Through femoral vein access a 4F catheter is positioned in descending aorta and occluder precisely opened under horizontal X-ray and US. Temperature is kept > 36 °C during the procedure. Results fourteen infants had PDA closure. Mean weight was 1674 g (880–2480), the series started at the highest weight. Mean diameter of the duct was 3,3 mm (2,2–4) and length 5,8 mm (2–11). PDA ADO IISA used were 3 × 4 (2) 4 × 2 (2), 4 × 4 (4), 4 × 6 (2), 5 × 2 (3) and 5 × 6 (1). Two were repositioned and one changed to increase diameter. Mean duration of the entire procedure was 29 minutes (10–90). X-ray exposure was 12 min (3–24) and dose 1,5 gray/cm2 (0.2–4). Two transitional paraprothetic shunts closed spontaneously after few days. One premature infant already in renal failure, died ten days later despite ductal closure. In the others, the follow-up showed improvement in cerebral and pulmonary blood flows without any hemodynamic problems such as observed after surgical procedures. Conclusion This preliminary series showed feasibility and safety when combining X-ray and US to close a PDA with PDA ADO IIAS.
Changing the Change Agent: Marketing the Organizational Development Professional

ABSTRACT The field of organizational development (OD) is a complex one composed of practitioners from a variety of disciplines. Furthermore, the field has been beset by numerous problems and changes over the years. This paper describes the history of OD and how OD practitioners have traditionally marketed their services and themselves by knowledge, skills, and personality characteristics. The paper concludes by recommending new marketing techniques concerning procurement decisions, service quality evaluation and use of tools for OD practitioners to better market themselves and their discipline.
In vivo detection of regulatory factor binding sites of Arabidopsis thaliana Adh

In vivo footprinting experiments have been used to analyze the binding of trans-acting regulatory factors in the 5′ flanking region upstream of the alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) gene from Arabidopsis thaliana. Protein-DNA interactions were detected by dimethyl sulfate footprinting and genomic sequencing, using an A. thaliana cell suspension culture that constitutively expressed the Adh gene. Several distinct footprinting domains have been characterized, and the potential effects of the corresponding trans-acting factors have been inferred from a comparison with data from the maize alcohol dehydrogenase-1 (Adh1) gene. One binding site is similar in sequence to one of the anaerobic response elements (ARE) of the maize gene, which has also been shown to bind to a trans-acting factor. Several of the remaining binding sites apparently represent a class of elements sharing the sequence 5′-GTGG-3′ within their footprint. Comparisons with maize Adh1 in vivo protein interactions reveal that the elements of Adh promoter structure are highly conserved, but the relative and absolute positions of the elements are variable.
Coherent control of light propagation via nanoparticle arrays

We illustrate the possibility of manipulating light in the nanoscale using the combination of plasmonics physics with concepts and tools developed for coherent control of molecular dynamics. Phase and polarization control are applied to guide electromagnetic energy through metal nanoparticle junctions and control its branching ratios at array intersections. Optimal control theory is applied as a design tool, to develop constructs with desired functionality. We suggest also that nanoplasmonics could be used to make spatially localized light sources with predesigned coherence and polarization properties, which could serve to coherently control individual nano-systems.
Evaluation of the Families SHARE workbook: an educational tool outlining disease risk and healthy guidelines to reduce risk of heart disease, diabetes, breast cancer and colorectal cancer

Common diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer are etiologically complex with multiple risk factors (e.g., environment, genetic, lifestyle). These risk factors tend to cluster in families, making families an important social context for intervention and lifestyle-focused disease prevention. The Families Sharing Health Assessment and Risk Evaluation (SHARE) workbook was designed as an educational tool outlining family health history based risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer. The current paper describes the steps taken to develop and evaluate the workbook employing a user-centered design approach. The workbook was developed in four steps, culminating in an evaluation focusing on understanding and usability of the tool. The evaluation was based on two Phases of data collected from a sample of mothers of young children in the Washington, D.C., area. A baseline assessment and follow-up approximately two weeks after receipt of the workbook were conducted, as well as focus groups with participants. The design of the workbook was refined in response to participant feedback from the first evaluation Phase and subsequently re-evaluated with a new sample. After incorporating user-based feedback and revising the workbook, Phase 2 evaluation results indicated that understanding of the workbook components improved for all sections (from 6.26 to 6.81 on a 7-point scale). In addition, 100 % of users were able to use the algorithm to assess their disease risk and over 60 % used the algorithm to assess family members’ disease risk. At follow-up, confidence to increase fruit, vegetable and fiber intake improved significantly, as well. The Families SHARE workbook was developed and evaluated resulting in a family health history tool that is both understandable and usable by key stakeholders. This educational tool will be used in intervention studies assessing the effectiveness of family genomics health educators who use the Families SHARE workbook to disseminate family risk information and encourage risk reducing behaviors. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01498276 . Registered 21 December 2011
Optimized Shape of Cavity Cells for Apertures Smaller than in TESLA Geometry

With superconductivity as the chosen technology for the future International Linear Collider, the responsible choice of all technical solutions is an on-going process. In our previous papers [1, 2] we have shown that the accelerating rate of superconducting cavities for ILC can be increased for the same iris aperture if 1. Some increase of E pk E
Underpinning the paradoxes in the artistic fields of MySpace: the problematization of values and popularity in convergence culture

With the rise of participatory culture, social networking sites such as MySpace (www.myspace.com) provide a new outlet for the works of independent artists. The operation of participatory media is not autonomous because the opportunity of intersection with the mainstream media exists, hence the term 'convergence culture' coined by Henry Jenkins. Nonetheless, the critical question for this article pertains to the role of participatory media in consecrating artworks: are independent artists using participatory media simply to have their work viewed, or are they seeking mainstream media exposure? Does the mere act of gaining access to mainstream media result in the consecration of an artwork? How do musician labor on this site to gain value and legitimacy? Overall, this article argues that the blind valorization of the medium itself may inspire an indifferent attitude toward the underlying problems connected with the differing sets of values being negotiated in the participatory media.
Is Community Informatics Good for Communities? Questions Confronting an Emerging Field

This paper addresses a number of questions confronting the emerging field of community informatics. First, is it a field of study or a field of practice? Second, is the focus of community informatics on communities, information, or technology? Third, does community informatics serve elites, academics, community workers, or community workers? The paper moves from these questions to develop an empowerment model for community informations, emphasizing a community development approach combined with an information focus and a participatory process. It concludes with the question of whether community informatics should strive to be a supporting field rather than develop as an independent arena of study or practice.
Tailoring virtual reality technology for stroke rehabilitation: a human factors design

In this paper we introduce an interdisciplinary project to develop a virtual reality enhanced stroke rehabilitation system (VRSRS). In particular, we propose a human factors design in developing a VRSRS for improving the functional recovery rate of stroke patients' upper extremities.
Factors influencing humanitarian care and the treatment of local patients within the deployed military medical system: casualty referral limitations

Abstract Background Humanitarian medical care is an essential task of the deployed military health care system. The purpose of this study was to analyze referral acceptance in treating injured local national patients during Operation Enduring Freedom. Methods A prospective observation study of local nationals who were referred for humanitarian trauma care in Afghanistan from March through August 2009. Results Sixty-six patients were referred for evacuation for suspected non–coalition-caused injuries. The bed status at the receiving hospital was defined as green (able to accept patients), amber (nearing capacity), and red (at capacity). The only factor associated with acceptance was the accepting hospital bed status (odds ratio = 1.57%, 95% confidence interval, 1.11–2.22; P = .009). Factors not significant were age, the province of origin, the type of referring facility, a prior operation before the request, patient status/affiliation, or the mechanism of injury. Conclusions Humanitarian medical care is directly related to the capacity for high-acuity care because bed availability is the predominate reason for acceptance or rejection.
GcvA binding site 1 in the gcvTHP promoter of Escherichia coli is required for GcvA-mediated repression but not for GcvA-mediated activation.

GcvA binds to three sites in the gcvTHP control region, from base −34 to −69 (site 1), from base −214 to −241 (site 2) and from base −242 to −271 (site 3). Previous results suggested that sites 3 and 2 are required for both GcvA-dependent activation and repression of a gcvT::lacZ fusion. However, the results were less clear as to the role of site 1. To determine the role of site 1 in regulation, single and multiple base changes were made in site 1 and tested for their ability to alter GcvA-mediated activation and GcvA/GcvR-mediated repression. Several of the mutants were also tested for effects on GcvA binding to site 1 and the ability of GcvA to bend DNA at site 1. The results are consistent with site 1 playing primarily a role in negative regulation of the gcvTHP operon.
Aspergillus flavus in Soils and Corncobs in South Texas: Implications for Management of Aflatoxins in Corn-Cotton Rotations

Jaime-Garcia, R., and Cotty, P. J. 2004. Aspergillus flavus in soils and corncobs in South Texas: Implications for management of aflatoxins in corn–cotton rotations. Plant Dis. 88:1366-1371. Aspergillus flavus causes aflatoxin contamination in both cottonseed and corn. Corn–cotton rotations are common in South Texas, where reduced tillage frequently results in long-term residence of corncobs on soil surfaces. Corncobs are colonized by A. flavus either prior to harvest or while in the soil. This study sought to determine the potential of corncobs as sources of inoculum for cotton and corn in South Texas. A. flavus communities in corncob and soil samples were collected during the planting seasons of 2001 to 2003 from 29 fields extending from Calhoun and Victoria Counties in the north to the Rio Grande Valley. In order to assess persistence of A. flavus in corncobs, A. flavus communities in corncobs and soil were contrasted every 2 to 3 months in four fields throughout the 3-year study. To assess seasonal variation, similar contrasts were performed in two fields on a biweekly basis. The results indicate that corncobs are major sources of A. flavus inoculum. Corncobs from the previous season contained, on average, over 190 times more A. flavus propagules than soil from the same field, and 2-year-old corncobs still retained 45 times more propagules than soil. There was no significant difference in the incidence of A. flavus strain S on corncobs and soil. The quantity of A. flavus in corncobs decreased with corncob age (r2 = 0.54; P = 0.002).
All-fiber acoustooptic phase modulators using zinc oxide films on glass fiber

Experiments with an acoustooptic phase modulator for single-mode optical fibers are described. The device, which operates in the 500-MHz frequency range, uses a zinc oxide transducer sputter-deposited on top of a gold film evaporated on the fiber. The device is heat cooled and partially acoustically terminated by gallium, which is also used as the top electrode of the transducer. The maximum modulation observed on a 2-mm length of fiber is 2 rad with an input power of 2 W. >
Approximation bounds for some sparse kernel regression algorithms

Gaussian processes have been widely applied to regression problems with good performance. However, they can be computationally expensive. In order to reduce the computational cost, there have been recent studies on using sparse approximations in gaussian processes. In this article, we investigate properties of certain sparse regression algorithms that approximately solve a gaussian process. We obtain approximation bounds and compare our results with related methods.
Hemoglobin Rothschild (β37(C3)Trp → Arg): A high/low affinity hemoglobin mutant☆

Abstract In hemoglobin Rothschild arginine replaces the normal tryptophan at β37(C3), at α1β2 contact. Residue β37 is in close proximity to Argα92 (FG4). Substitution of Trp by Arg at β37 results in two positively charged Arg residues at FG4 and C3 facing each other, a situation that would destabilize the subunit constraints essential for the tetrameric integrity of the molecule and for the reduced ligand affinity of unliganded normal HB ‡ compared to isolated chains. Our studies show liganded HbR is extensively dissociated into dimers and has a high ligand affinity in phosphate buffer and a low ligand affinity in bis-Tris at alkaline pH. Kinetic studies indicate that in the T state HbR has a higher ligand affinity than HbA. This is explained by reduced subunit constraints in the T state and dissociation of the monoliganded species (Hb4L) into dimers. Kinetic studies also show that R state Hb Rothschild has lower ligand affinity than R state HbA. These results are explained on the basis of extensive dissociation of R state Hb Rothschild into dimers and lower ligand affinity of dimers as compared to triliganded tetramers (α2β2(O2)3). Kinetic data indicate that the lower ligand affinity of dimers (Hb Rothschild) as compared to that of triliganded tetramers (HbA) is due to the increased ligand dissociation rates in the case of oxyhemoglobin and reduced ligand combination in the case of carboxyderivatives. Both the CO combination reaction time-course around 425 nm and the O2 dissociation rates at 437.8 nm indicate the presence of large α,β-chain differences in Hb Rothschild.
Neuroimaging correlates of parent ratings of working memory in typically developing children.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate construct validity of parent ratings of working memory in children, using a multi-trait/multi-method design including neuroimaging, rating scales, and performance-based measures. Thirty-five typically developing children completed performance-based tests of working memory and nonexecutive function (EF) skills, received volumetric MRI, and were rated by parents on both EF-specific and broad behavior rating scales. After controlling for total cerebral volume and age, parent ratings of working memory were significantly correlated with frontal gray, but not temporal, parietal, or occipital gray, or any lobar white matter volumes. Performance-based measures of working memory were also moderately correlated with frontal lobe gray matter volume; however, non-EF parent ratings and non-EF performance-based measures were not correlated with frontal lobe volumes. Results provide preliminary support for the convergent and discriminant validity of parent ratings of working memory, and emphasize their utility in exploring brain–behavior relationships in children. Rating scales that directly examine EF skills may potentially have ecological validity, not only for “everyday” function, but also as correlates of brain volume.
Multiple Drug Use Among Marijuana Smokers

Knowledge of the process through which an individual progresses from the use of a relatively mild and almost innocuous herb as a “recreational” drug, to the sometimes frequent use of drugs which have at least the potential for damaging the body and the psyche, is patchy and conflicting. An adequate explanation of this movement simply does not exist. In light of these empirical and theoretical lacunae, we wish to offer an exploratory delineation of the use of other drugs by marijuana smokers. Although our data are too incomplete and fragmentary to yield a perspective firm and coherent enough to be called a “theory” of multiple drug use, we can, nonetheless, construct some tentative generalizations and hypotheses which should clarify and shed light on some dim corners of the field.
Internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in ovine luteal tissue associated with luteolysis: in vivo and in vitro analyses.

Internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, a characteristic of apoptosis, can be visualized with agarose gel electrophoresis as discrete low-molecular-weight DNA fragments (laddering), in multiples of ∼185 bp. GL were collected from superovulated ewes (control) or at 12 h after injection of prostaglandin F 2α (PGF 2α ) on various days after hGG injection. The ability of PGF 2α on Days 8, 10, 12, and 14 (n≥3 per day per treatment) to induce luteal cell DNA fragmentation was evaluated. DNA was isolated and visualized on agarose gels. No DNA fragmentation was observed in GL from control ewes on Days 8, 10, or 12. Internucleosomal fragmentation of DNA (indicative of apoptosis) as well as nonspecific DNA fragmentation (indicative of non-apoptotic cell death) in GL from Day 14 controls was observed in two of four animals. Additionally, this pattern of DNA fragmentation was observed in GL from ewes treated with PGF 2α on all days. Evidence of DNA fragmentation was observed in luteal tissue after dissociation, yet no fragmentation was observed in unsliced, non-dissociated GL collected from Day 10 control ewes (incubated 4 h), or in sliced, non-incubated GL. Slicing and incubation alone were sufficient to initiate DNA fragmentation. A variety of approaches were utilized to inhibit DNA fragmentation. Only the addition of zinc acetate (1 mM) in the incubation medium throughout the 4-h incubation period prevented DNA fragmentation that was initiated by slicing (p<0.05). There appear therefore, to be one or more intraluteal factors that directly initiate DNA fragmentation associated with cell death in luteolysis. This fragmentation appears to a variable degree in Day 14 animals (at the onset of luteolysis) and can be induced by injection of animals with PGF 2a
ATP production from the oxidation of sulfide in gill mitochondria of the ribbed mussel Geukensia demissa

The ribbed mussel Geukensia demissa inhabits intertidal Spartina grass marshes characterized by sulfide-rich sediments. Sulfide poisons aerobic respiration, and G. demissa may cope in this seemingly inhospitable environment by oxidizing sulfide in gill mitochondria. Well-coupled mitochondria isolated from G. demissa gills were used to investigate sulfide oxidation and ATP synthesis. State 3 respiration, maximally stimulated by 5 micromol l(−)(1) sulfide with a P/O ratio of 0.89 and a respiratory control ratio (RCR) of 1.40, remained refractory to sulfide at higher concentrations except in the presence of salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), an inhibitor of alternative oxidases. Sulfide-stimulated ATP production was 3–5 times greater than that stimulated by malate and succinate, respectively, giving an ATP/sulfide ratio of 0.63. The inhibition of sulfide-stimulated respiration and ATP production by the complex III inhibitors myxothiazol and antimycin A, respectively, suggests that electrons enter the electron transport chain before complex III. Combined with in vivo evidence for electron entry at cytochrome c, these data suggest that more than one type of sulfide-oxidizing enzyme may function in G. demissa gills. The SHAM-sensitive pathway of electron flux may be a critical component of a physiological strategy to tolerate sulfide. We conclude that G. demissa exploits the energy available from its reduced environment by using sulfide as a respiratory substrate for cellular ATP production.
Vascular release of nonheme iron in perfused rabbit lungs.

In this study, we hypothesized that the lung actively releases excess iron into the circulation to regulate iron homeostasis. We measured nonheme iron (NHFe) in the perfusate of control isolated pe...
Some Properties of Two Vulcanized Pure Gum Compounds at Low Temperatures

Abstract (1) High and normal sulfur pure gum compounds became board-like and brittle within a few minutes when cooled at −60° C, yet when tested at this temperature they had an elongation of over 500% and tensile strength of over 5,000 lbs. per sq. in. (2) With decreasing temperature the two compounds gave increasing tensile strength and modulus and decreasing elongation. (3) Relatively high combined sulfur, i. e., up to over 8% on the rubber, was accompanied by a marked increase in hardness, even at temperatures no lower than −30° C. (4) A substitution of deproteinized rubber for smoked sheet appeared to give greater resistance to hardening at temperatures down to −40° C. (5) Unvulcanized, unmilled smoked sheet showed greater resistance to hardening on rapid cooling than the vulcanized compounds at all temperatures tested. This phenomenon, however, is not to be confused with that of ordinary frozen rubber, which is commonly observed at temperatures above −30° C.
Political Legacy of Administrative Succession

The article examines the influence of political activity during executive succession on post-succession outcomes. A discussion is presented about the influence of an organization's resource environ...
Aminotriazole and Aminotetrazole Inhibitors of LSD1 as Epigenetic Modulators.

Aminotriazole and Aminotetrazole Inhibitors of LSD1 as Epigenetic Modulators Vijay Kumar* and Gerard Rosse* Dart Neuroscience LLC, Structure Guided Chemistry, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, New College Building, 245 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, United States
Reply to Dr. Butler The NIA Mission and Beyond: Context of Aging-Related Social Impact

This piece responds to Robert Butler's Forum article ("Is the National Institute on Aging [NIA] Mission Out of Balance?") by proposing a way to provide balanced research support within and beyond the NIA. The strategy entails pursuit of a more sophisticated understanding of the social impact of illness by means of textual analysis of the computerized news archive LEXIS-NEXIS. The utilized context of aging-relatedness of disease reveals new justification for health science policy, as well as new opportunity for research. The former encourages advocacy on behalf of NIA program development at the interfaces that gerontology and geriatrics share with cancer and heart disease. The latter implies new insight into the social meaning of affliction by Alzheimer's Disease. Dr. Butler's communication eloquently recollects highlights of the early development and eventually disproportionate dominance of programmatic support for research on Alzheimer's Disease among the strategic priorities of the NIA (Adelman, 1995, 1998; Fox, 1989). I doubt that anyone could have surpassed his political astuteness, substantive achievements, or impact in his capacity as the founding Director of the NIA and in his continuing advocacy as elder statesman. Perusal of contemporary research literature in gerontology and geriatrics readily reveals explosive growth of frontier knowledge about Alzheimer's disease and related neurobiology. Contemporary novels poignantly express the personal devastation that the illness elicits; for example, "Immortal DNA offers as cold a comfort as the transmigration of souls. If we can't take our memories with us, why go?" (Updike, 1997). The launching pad for my solicited response is our mutual sensitivity to the need to find better ways to
Localization of antigens by autoradiography.

SummaryAnalyses of the distribution of isotopically labeled antigens in the animal were combined with autoradiography of the tissues. After intravenous injection of heavily substituted S35-sulfanilazo-bovine γ-globulin into mice, we found protein-bound S35 in the cytoplasm of the Kupffer cells of the liver. Similarly, activity of injected biosynthetically labeled S35-RbSA was concentrated in the cytoplasm of lymphoid cells of the spleen, particularly in the red pulp. After injection of lightly labeled S35-sulfanilazo-bo-vine γ-globulin into the foot pads of rabbits, the radioactive material was concentrated in the cytoplasm of the eosinophilic macrophages of the popliteal lymph nodes. In all these cell types, the protein-bound S35 was either present within the cytoplasm or adsorbed to the cellular membrane. Little intranuclear radioactivity was evident.
Exact Scaling Form for the Island Size Distribution in Submonolayer Epitaxial Growth

The exact scaling form is determined for the size distribution of islands created via irreversible nucleation and growth during submonolayer deposition. This form is controlled by a dependence on size of the propensity for islands to “capture” diffusing adatoms. This sizedependence is determined directly from simulations. It reflects a complex relationship between the size of an island, and the area of its cell in a tessellation of the surface based on the island locations. The relationship corresponds to a correlation between island size and separation.
A Relevant Universal Coverage Proposal

ABSTRACT: Karen Davis and Cathy Schoen offer a strategic vision for universal coverage that attempts to move beyond ideological battles that have stifled progress. However, I believe that there are...
Integral Analogues of Theta Functions and Gauss Sums

This chapter is also related to two early papers on integrals, but all of the results are new. The integral examined by Ramanujan in this chapter satisfies a transformation formula similar to that satisfied by the classical theta functions. The integral can also be thought of as an analogue of Gauss sums or as an analogue of the classical Weierstrass σ-function.
Home internet access and usage in the USA: Trends in the socio-economic digital divide

Past research has found evidence of the existence of a significant digital divide among various socio-economic segments in terms of Internet access and usage. In this research, we use two annual (2002 and 2008) cohorts of demographically representative national random samples to investigate the relative levels of digital divide along the typical socio-economic fault lines. We find from our statistical analyses that not only does a deep digital divide still persist along key dimensions (like education) of the socio-economic fault lines, it has in fact widened along several key dimensions (like income and urban-rural divide).
Lesbian Youth and the “Not Girl” Gender: Explorations of Adolescent Lesbian Lives through Critical Life Story Research

“Girls are made of sugar and spice and everything nice. Boys are made of sticks and snails and puppy dog tails.” Gender and sexuality are not only intertwined, but, as constructs, each is dependent on the other for its loaded heterosexual meaning (Ingraham, 1996; Williams and Stein, 2002; Thorne and Luria, 2002). Resistance to gender enculturation is resistance to the cultural system that pairs anatomy with prescribed gender roles and sexual scripts. A key component in gender resistance is agency. Giddens (1979) states that agency “does not refer to a series of discrete acts combined together, but to a continuous flow of conduct” (55), which is intrinsically related to power and contains within it the recognition of choice—the actor has chosen to act in a certain way but could have acted otherwise. It is a striving for self-determination and mastery of possibility. Agency is “transformative capacity” (Giddens, 1981, 53).
A Study of Hmong Immigrants' Experience With Diabetes Education: A Community-Engaged Qualitative Study.

Purpose: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in Hmong Americans, an understudied ethnic minority group. This research sought to identify barriers and facilitators related to the diabetes education experience of Hmong Americans with type 2 diabetes, living in central California. Method: This qualitative study employed a hybrid design to identify barriers and facilitators to diabetes education. Two focus group interviews were conducted among 16 participants. Findings: The three barriers identified are language, self-management, and stress; the three facilitators are focused culturally specific education, use of media, and peer support group. A priori elements of the Study of Access framework were confirmed. Discussion/Conclusion: There is a need for diabetes education in Hmong Americans. Health care access and education should incorporate culturally appropriate strategies that could improve health outcomes for the Hmong. Implication: To improve diabetes care in the Hmong population, health educators sh...
Adaption of the AmaizeN model for nitrogen management in sweet corn (Zea mays L.)

Abstract Production of irrigated sweet corn on sandy soils requires ample N inputs and results in substantial leaching of nitrate to groundwater. The irrigation infrastructure of this system provides the opportunity for fertilizer additions throughout the season, opening the prospect for adaptive, real-time and site-specific management that might synchronize N availability with crop demand, minimizing leaching. This requires validated process-based and mechanistic simulations of the crop N budget and soil N cycling. We adapted the AmaizeN model to sweet corn, validated the model for groundwater NO3-N leaching estimation on sandy soils, and assessed the potential of model application for adaptive, in-season N management in this cropping system. The model was calibrated and tested with a two-season dataset by comparing predicted and measured leaf area index (LAI), above ground biomass (AGB), yield, and cumulative crop N uptake (CNUP). The model prediction and measurement comparisons yielded high coefficients of determination (R2, 0.82–0.95) and low root-mean-square errors (RMSE, 6.0–9.5%) for the whole range of the target crop attributes across years and wide-ranging N treatments. The difference between simulated and measured groundwater NO3-N loadings from lysimeter experiments ranged from 2.1–19.8% as relative absolute errors in 2014, and 1.7–7.2% in 2015. The adaptive N management strategy was proposed and demonstrated in a moderate-N treatment using the model prediction for real-time soil N availability and crop N demand dynamics. This approach significantly enhanced crop productivity by approximately 40% compared to conventional practice, while reducing N fertilizer inputs and NO3-N loading by 30–48% and 27–52%, respectively, relative to the highest N input treatments. The adaptive strategy shows potential to achieve target crop yields while minimizing NO3-N leaching.
Nuclear Data Sheets for A=244

Abstract Available information pertaining to the nuclear structure of ground and excited states for all known nuclei with mass numbers A=244 have been compiled and evaluated. The adopted level and decay schemes, as well as the detailed nuclear properties and configuration assignments based on experimental data are presented for these nuclides. When there are insufficient data, expected values from systematics of nuclear properties and/or theoretical calculations are quoted. Unexpected or discrepant experimental results are also noted. Information provided in 244 U is tentative as it is from the possible production in the study of 1960Di03 of debris of the first large-scale thermonuclear test (Ivy Mike) of November 1, 1952 in the Pacific Ocean. No new experimental data are available for 244 Np with the information for g.s J π considered tentative. Experimental work is needed for 244 Np as theoretical work and systematics along with the Gallagher-Moszkowski rules that suggest either J π =2 + or 7 − . J π = ( 7 − ) g.s has been considered by the evaluator due to population of high spin states in the beta decay study. In 244 Pu, a new K isomer was identified and in addition rotational bands built on the isomer have been observed via the deep inelastic excitation. However, there has been no new measurements since the last evaluation to determine the ratio of the energy levels of the first 4 + state to the first 2 + state (E4+/E2 + ) in 244 Pu that showed a discrepancy from a typical value of 3.333. In the current evaluation, the evaluator has considered the 110 γ measured in the 244 Np β -decay questionable. Further research into the determination of the gammas depopulating these levels is necessary. In 244 Am, specifically the (d,p) transfer reaction and in the (n, γ ) secondary γ 's, there are a large number of gammas that are unplaced. Since its last measurement in 1966, the electron capture dataset has been updated with a tentative partial level scheme for 244 Cm which also provided a new half-life measurement for 244 Bk. In 244 Fm, a fusion evaporation experiment measured the half-life and provided upper limits for the SF, α decay, and e branching. A summary and compilation of the discovery of various isotopes in this mass region is given in 2013Fr02 ( 244 Np, 244 Pu, 244 Am, 244 Cm, 244 Bk, and 244 Cf), 2011Me01 ( 244 Es), and 2013Th02 ( 244 Fm). This work supersedes the 2003 evaluation by Y.A. Akovali (2003Ak04).
A Fault-Tolerant Clock Synchronization and Geometry Determination Protocol

A fault-tolerant distributed protocol (algorithm) is presented that achieves optimum timing precision (clock synchronization) among the nodes and, simultaneously, determines the network's geometry (shape) - locations and distances of the nodes relative to each other - in a wireless distributed system. This protocol is based on the assumption of initial coarse synchrony of nodes' local clocks. The proposed solution assumes no prior knowledge of the nodes' locations, the distances between the nodes, or network's geometry, but assumes an ordered geometry where nodes have unique identifiers. This protocol accommodates large variations in the communication latencies among the nodes; thus, it applies equally to both wireless and wired networks.
Whistler mode wave numerical raytracing in a finite temperature anisotropic plasma medium

Whistler mode waves, which exist in a magnetized plasma, are prevalent in the Earth's magnetosphere in the extremely low frequency (ELF) and very low frequency (VLF) bands (100 Hz–30 kHz). Due to the impact of whistler mode waves on space weather processes, it is important to accurately predict the propagation trajectory of these waves. Numerical raytracing determines the power flow path of the whistler mode waves in the anisotropic medium of the magnetosphere. In the majority of previous work, magnetospheric raytracing has been implemented assuming a cold background plasma (0 K). However, a more accurate description of the magnetospheric plasma includes a background temperature of about 1 eV (11600 K). We present raytracing solutions which include the effects of finite electron and ion temperatures on the wave refractive index. The finite temperature effects are also introduced into the formulations for linear cyclotron resonance wave growth and Landau damping, which are the primary mechanisms for whistler mode amplification and attenuation in the magnetosphere. Finite temperature effects of the background plasma are shown to be most significant for highly oblique wave normal angles where the refractive index is bounded to smaller values than in the ideal cold plasma approximation.
Alternative Splicing Plays a Major Role in Plant Response to Cold Temperatures

Plants in temperate regions experience near-freezing temperatures that allow them to develop a cold response prior to freezing. This cold acclimation process involves changes to chromatin structure, transcription, RNA processing, translation, posttranslational modifications, and protein stability.
A representation for image curves

A representation for image curves and an algorithm for its computation are introduced. The representation is designed to facilitate matching of image curves to completely specified model plane curves and estimation of their orientation in space, despite the presence of noise, variable resolution, or partial occlusion. This is an important subproblem of model-based vision. A curve may be represented at a variety of scales, and a strategy for selecting natural scales is proposed. At each scale, the representation is simply a list of positions in the plane, with tangent directions and curvatures specified at each position; each curvature is cither a zero or an extremum (hereafter critical points). The algorithm for computing the representation involves smoothing with gaussians at different scales, extracting the critical points from the smoothed curves, and using dynamic programming to construct a list of critical points which best approximate the curve for each length of list possible. We propose to examine the tradeoff between the error of the approximation and length of the lists to find natural scales.
Hypergeometric Equations and Special Functions

Many of the important partial differential equations of applied mathematics and theoretical physics are second order and are studied by the method of separation of variables which leads to a set of second-order ordinary differential equations. This is the case, for example, for equations of Laplace and Helmholtz and equations of Schrodinger, Dirac, and Klein-Gordon, say when one has a Coulomb type potential. The ordinary differential equations, arising by separation of variables, can be reduced in fact to equations of hypergeometric type—a type which we shall describe shortly.
Religious Pluralism within the Limits of Thought

There is an aporia to finitude: if I am limited as a finite being, I cannot know what the limits of my finitude are, because if I knew what those limits are, then I would have transcended them. I refer to this aporia as the "hard problem of finitude," interpreted through Graham Priest's work on inclosure paradoxes. Here I offer an interpretation of Francois Laruelle's theory of the Philosophical Decision in terms of his attempt to resolve this aporia through his suspension of standard philosophy's form of ontological dualism. Next, I apply non-standard philosophy to the problem of religious pluralism, presenting a novel theory of "standard religion" and the "Hierophanic Decision" through a non-standard reading of Mircea Eliade's philosophy of religion, and end by pointing towards what a consistently performative and finite form of religious pluralism might look like from within the "democracy-of-thought," here rendered as the "parliament of religions."
Shrinking orbits in hierarchical quadruple star systems

The distribution of the inner orbital periods of solar-type main-sequence (MS) triple star systems is known to be peaked at a few days, and this has been attributed to tidal evolution combined with eccentricity excitation due to Lidov-Kozai oscillations. Solar-type MS quadruple star systems also show peaks in their inner orbital period distributions at a few days. Here, we investigate the natural question whether tidal evolution combined with secular evolution can explain the observed inner orbital period distributions in quadruple stars. We carry out population synthesis simulations of solar-type MS quadruple star systems in both the 2+2 (two binaries orbiting each other's barycentre) and 3+1 (triple orbited by a fourth star) configurations. We take into account secular gravitational and tidal evolution, and the effects of passing stars. We assume that no short-period systems are formed initially, and truncate the initial orbital period distributions below 10 d accordingly. We find that, due to secular and tidal evolution, the inner orbital period distributions develop tails at short periods. Although qualitatively consistent with the observations, we find that our simulated orbital period distributions only quantitatively agree with the observations for the 3+1 systems. The observed 2+2 systems, on the other hand, show an enhancement of systems around 10 d, which is not reproduced in the simulations. This suggests that the inner orbital periods of 2+2 systems are not predominantly shaped by tidal and secular evolution, but by other processes, most likely occurring during the stellar formation and early evolution.
Hybrid ACL reconstruction in a 6-year-old female with fibular hemimelia.

Fibular hemimelia is a rare congenital malformation that is commonly associated with other lower limb abnormalities. This is a unique case of a bicruciate ligament, anterior cru ciate ligament/post...