cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The familial Mediterranean fever protein, pyrin, associates with microtubules and colocalizes with actin filaments

￻￻ Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a recessive disorder characterized by episodes of fever and intense inflammation. FMF attacks are unique in their sensitivity to the microtubule inhibitor colchicine, contrasted with their refractoriness to the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. The FMF gene, MEFV, was recently identified by positional cloning; it is expressed at high levels in granulocytes and monocytes. The present study investigated the subcellular localization of the normal gene product, pyrin. These experiments did not support previously proposed nuclear or Golgi localizations. Instead fluorescence microscopy demonstrated colocalization of full-length GFPand epitope-tagged pyrin with microtubules; this was markedly accentuated in paclitaxel-treated cells. Moreover, immunoblot analysis of precipitates of stabilized microtubules with recombinant pyrin demonstrated a direct interaction in vitro. Pyrin expression did not affect the stability of microtubules. Deletion constructs showed that the unique N-terminal domain of pyrin is necessary and sufficient for colocalization, whereas disease-associated mutations in the C-terminal B30.2 (rfp) domain did not disrupt this interaction. By phalloidin staining, a colocalization of pyrin with actin was also observed in perinuclear filaments and in peripheral lamellar ruffles. The proposal is made that pyrin regulates inflammatory responses at the level of leukocyte cytoskeletal organization and that the unique therapeutic effect of colchicine in FMF may be dependent on this interaction. (Blood. 2001;98:851-859)
Renal Medullary Oxidative Stress, Pressure-Natriuresis, and Hypertension

Renal dysfunction has long been a recognized feature of essential hypertension as first suggested by Dr Richard Bright’s mid-19th century observations of small, shrunken, scarred kidneys associated with cardiac hypertrophy and the seminal studies in the 1930s by Dr Harry Goldblatt directly linking the kidney to chronic hypertension. Attention was originally and appropriately focused on the renal cortex, which represents more than 90% of the renal mass, is the site of glomerular filtration, and receives more than 95% or renal blood flow. Reductions of glomerular filtration and the morphological changes within cortical structures such as vascular medial wall hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and fibrinoid necrosis of the glomeruli have been well described,1 especially in patients with chronic hypertension and glomerulosclerosis. By comparison, interest in the involvement of the renal medulla in the initiation and development of hypertension evolved much later and was stimulated by two different observations. First, studies in the 1960s by Dr Eric Muirhead showed that the medullary interstitial cells produced an antihypertensive principle that he called medullipin.2 Second, studies by our own group in the mid-1980s reported that renal medullary blood flow (MBF) was importantly linked to the phenomena of pressure-natriuresis and diuresis and that MBF was reduced in several forms of experimental hypertension.3,4 Before these studies, the physiological importance of the renal medullary circulation was focused on the unique countercurrent structure of the vasa recta vessels as first appreciated in the 1950s by Hargitay and Kuhn5 and Wirz et al,6 who introduced the modern concept of the urinary concentrating mechanism. Subsequent studies have shown that the structure-function relationships of the outer medulla make this region especially vulnerable to chronic ischemia and tubulointerstitial injuries.7 MBF was found to be a critical requirement for an adequate O2 delivery to match the high metabolic …
Federal and State Public Forest Administration in the New Millennium: Revisiting Herbert Kaufman’s The Forest Ranger

Herbert Kaufman’s 1960 investigation of federal forest rangers provided important insights into administrative discretion, agency culture, and natural resource policy making. Subsequent studies of Forest Service administration have documented that agency’s change over time, mirroring broad changes in federal public administration. But little is known about state forest administration. This article describes results from a survey of line officers in 48 state forest agencies, as well as state forest statute analysis. Results indicate systematic state–federal differences in legal constraints, citizen interactions, and the forest administrators themselves. Though these differences foster state administrator decision making based on professional expertise, they do not encourage the incorporation of stakeholder views into agency policy making, nor do they yield a bureaucracy that represents a diverse constituency. State forest administrators perceive substantial external challenges to their professional discretion, but it remains to be seen whether state forest agencies will change to more closely resemble their federal counterpart.
From Frontier to Border Along the Iroquois Southern Door

The Upper Susquehanna drainage in New York assumed increasingly greater prominence as a borderland during the eighteenth century. Contrary to the idea that geopolitical boundaries were Colonial impositions, the creation of this borderland ensued from long-term strategies on the part of Native American as well as Euro-American powers. Reacting to Colonial encroachments from south and east, the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) populated the valley with multi-ethnic towns consisting of both refugee tribes from the Atlantic seaboard and Iroquois representatives. These actions created a distinctive zone of creolized communities, and reflected the Haudenosaunee ability to play off English notions of demarcating the landscape.
The Effects of the Adaptability and Reliability of Automation on Performance, Stress and Workload

One way in which non-human agents manifest in complex systems is through the use of adaptive automation. In this case, the degree of involvement of a computer-based agent can be controlled dynamically as a function of environmental conditions and operator state. The current study examined the effects of specific aspects of adaptive automation, reliability and adaptability (the ability of the system to adapt appropriately to changes in task demand), on human performance, stress, and workload.
Data collection with adolescents

Adolescence spans a wide time period during which development and its context influence behaviour and the strategies used for data collection. This article addresses problems that can be anticipated in data collection with adolescents. Problems are presented that are associated with adolescent developmental capacities, adolescent developmental change and stability, gender and ethnicity. Some problems are specific to certain settings or to certain data collection methods. The application of theoretical and empirical knowledge about adolescent development can strengthen data collection instruments and procedures. Strategies to enhance data collection include carefully defining adolescence and tailoring procedures and protocols based on a theoretical understanding of the biological, cognitive and emotional development of adolescents in conjunction with an understanding of the characteristics of the research setting. Adolescent research settings can pose challenges. Investigators must understand clinic routines in evaluating the feasibility of implementing protocols and collecting data where there are distractions and time constraints. In education settings, strategies must be used to collect data in a group context where peer pressure can affect responses. In home settings, ingrained response patterns and family norms can also impede obtaining valid perspectives from adolescents. Ethnicity as well may play an important role that must be addressed when designing and implementing data collection with adolescents. Procedures and instruments selected to collect data need to address variations in ethnicity.
Interplay Between Pediatric Pharmacy Practice and Research to Influence Patient Care

I am honored and grateful to be chosen as the 2009 Richard Helms Award recipient. This recognition has a special meaning since it carries the name of an individual who has contributed so much to pediatric pharmacy through innovative practice, education and research, especially in the area of parenteral nutrition, as well as mentoring numerous outstanding students, residents, fellows and colleagues over the years. This award is also particularly meaningful because I am able to share this recognition with many of my former fellows and students who are here today. Furthermore, this recognition is an honor because it is coming from the Pediatric Pharmacy Advocacy Group (PPAG) and its members who are dedicated to the improvement of the lives of pediatric patients. It has been a privilege for me to be actively involved in pediatric pharmacy practice, teaching, research and service activities over the past 30 years. I discovered the rewards of patient care, teaching and research during my education and training, and thus pursued an academic position which could combine all of these functions. In 1977, Ohio State University recruited the first group of fulltime clinical faculty and Children’s
Activation of pulmonary mitogen-activated protein kinases during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Purpose. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) produces an inflammatory response associated with pulmonary dysfunction. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) have been shown to mediate pulmonary injury. We hypothesized that MAPK are activated during CPB and potentially contribute to lung injury. Methods.Pigs were placed on CPB (n = 6) for 90 min, which included 80 min of cardioplegic arrest, followed by 180 min of post-CPB reperfusion. Control animals (n = 6) underwent sternotomy and heparinization only. Lung samples were collected at baseline, during CPB, and during post-CPB reperfusion. Activated forms of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 were measured by Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was used for tissue localization of activated MAPK. Pulmonary inflammation was determined by histology. Pulmonary edema was estimated by tissue water percentage. Results.Activated ERK1/2 and p38 were increased after 90 min of CPB compared with controls (3.94 ± 0.61- and 2.49 ± 0.15-fold increase, respectively; both P < 0.01). At 180 min of post-CPB reperfusion, ERK1/2 activity was increased by nearly 5-fold compared with controls (P < 0.01), whereas p38 activity returned to baseline levels. By immunohistochemistry, activated ERK1/2 and p38 in the CPB group were localized to alveolar epithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells, and bronchial smooth muscle. Histologic signs of lung injury included leukocyte infiltration in the CPB group. Tissue water percentage was increased with CPB (89.9 ± 1.5% versus 82.5 ± 1.0%, CPB versus control, P < 0.05). Conclusions.The results of our study demonstrate that CPB increases pulmonary p38 activity and causes sustained activation of ERK1/2. MAPK activation thus may in part mediate the pulmonary inflammatory response and provide a potential site of intervention to prevent pulmonary dysfunction due to CPB.
The charge sector problem of vacuum vector for the Yukawa2 quantum field theory

Defining the charge densityϱω(x),x ∈R, in the physical spaceFren for the Yukawa2 model, we show that the charge density of the physical vacuum vectorΩω,(Ωω,ϱω(x)Ωω) is uniform over all spaceR. Moreover there exist(s) the physical vacuum vector(s)ϱω− such that\((\Omega _\omega ^ - ,\varrho _\omega ^ - (\chi )\Omega _\omega ^ - ) = 0\) for any coupling constant andx ∈R.
Management of Eight 'Ja' for Economic Development of Nepal

This paper proposes a theoretically grounded Asta-Ja framework of Eight "Ja" ─Nepali letter "Ja", Jal (water), Jamin (land), Jarajuri (plants), Janawar (animals), Jungle (forest), Jadibuti (medicinal and aromatic plants), Jalabayu (climate), and Jansakti (manpower) and referred to as Asta-Ja in Nepali language for economic development and management of Nepal. More concretely, it identifies and analyzes key elements of the framework to derive its implications for theory and policy development.
Polarimetric brightness temperatures of sea surfaces measured with aircraft K- and Ka-band radiometers

Dual-frequency (19 and 37 GHz), multi-incidence measurements of the Stokes parameters of sea surface microwave emission are reported. A series of aircraft polarimetric radiometer flights were carried out over the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) moored buoys deployed off the northern California coast in July and August 1994. Measured radiometric temperatures showed a few Kelvin azimuth modulations in all Stokes parameters with respect to the wind direction. Wind directional signals observed in the 37-GHz channel were similar to those in the 19-GHz channel. This indicates that the wind direction signals in sea surface brightness temperatures have a weak frequency dependence in the range of 19-37 GHz. Harmonic coefficients of the wind direction signals were derived from experimental data versus incidence angle. It was found that the first harmonic coefficients, which are caused by the up and downwind asymmetric surface features, had a small increasing trend with the incidence angle. In contrast, the second harmonic coefficients, caused by the up and crosswind asymmetry, showed significant variations in T/sub v/ and U data, with a sign change when the incidence angle increased from 45/spl deg/ to 65/spl deg/. Besides the first three Stokes parameters, the fourth Stokes parameter, V, which had never been measured before for sea surfaces, was measured using our 19-GHz channel. The Stokes parameter V. Has an odd symmetry just like that of the third Stokes parameter U, and increases with increasing incidence angles. In summary, sea surface features created by surface winds are anisotropic in azimuth direction and modulate all Stokes parameters of sea surface microwave brightness temperatures by as large as a few Kelvin in the range of incidence angles from 45/spl deg/ to 65/spl deg/ applicable to spaceborne observations.
Comparison of Titanium Precursors in the Sol-Gel Synthesis of Pb0.5Ba0.5TiO3 Powders and Thin Films

Two sol-gel processes for producing Pb 1-x Ba x TiO 3 (PBT), a ferroelectric material of interest for sensor and actuator applications, are investigated. Each system incorporates lead nitrate and barium acetate as metal sources and ethylene glycol as a solvent. Diethanolamine is used as a chelating agent for titanium isopropoxide or titanium butoxide. Precursor chemistry was systematically varied and the resulting sols and powders were studied using TGA/DSC, FTIR, and XRD. Thin films were prepared using both precursor sources by spin coating onto single crystal (100) MgO. Spin speed and pyrolysis temperature were optimized to produce oriented thin films with thicknesses of up to approximately 500nm. Sols incorporating titanium isopropoxide and a large excess of diethanolamine were particularly stable against hydrolysis.
Using a Telemedicine System to Decrease Cardiovascular Disease Risk in an Underserved Population: Design, Use, and Interim Results

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the USA. Disease management programs, while successful, are intensive and expensive. Follow-up is often inadequate, incomplete, and inconsistent. To address these problems, we developed an Internet- Telemedicine system. Patients send/receive data to/from their care provider via the Internet. The system optimizes function and minimizes cost (all hardware is off the shelf and FDA approved). We are currently using this Telemedicine system in a prospective, randomized clinical trial, to reduce CVD risk in medically underserved populations. Over an 8-month time interval, we found very high rates of usage of the Telemedicine system (92%). This rate of self-monitoring greatly exceeded the self-monitoring rate in controls (48%). The patient-entered Telemedicine blood pressure values were similar to the meter recorded values and to the office values.
On multiple model adaptive controllers and the minimax criterion

An approximate solution to the dual control problem is proposed. The new algorithm is based on a minimax criterion and a loss function which penalizes the difference between the quadratic loss associated with a given controller and that which could be achieved if all unknown parameters were known. The approximate solution, while using Lainiotis' multiple model adaptive controller (MMAC) avoids most of the difficulty associated with the standard application of MMAC. In particular, it is no longer required (or even desired) that the parametric uncertainty space be finite. Two or three control-MMAC's perform extremely well in the presence of convex uncertainty spaces. Furthermore, the practical problems uncovered in the F8 DFBW MMAC effort are eliminated because they are automatically handled by the minimax design algorithm. Finally, in contrast with other dual control algorithms, the proposed technique requires only a relatively small amount of real time processing (that required by standard MMAC algorithms).
THE EFFECT OF LINGUISTIC COHESION ON PROSE COMPREHENSION

This study examined the relationship between the number of cohesive ties in a passage, as defined by Halliday and Hasan (1976), and free and prompted recall scores. Two versions of a passage on gibbons were developed, with one version con- taining about twice as many ties as the other. Sixty college students participated; each read one of the passage-versions and then, either immediately or after 20 minutes, recorded his/her free recall and answered the prompted-recall questions. Though there were no differences between the treatment groups in terms of the numbers of micro-level propositions recalled, there were significant differences bet- ween these groups in terms of the theoretical reading time/100-propositions-recalled ratios, the numbers of reported macro-level statements, and the numbers of prompted-recall questions answered correctly in the delayed condition. These results support theories stressing the importance of coherent links in the comprehension pro- cess and suggest a new "readability" variable. Many recent theories of reading comprehension have stressed the importance of the "coherence" of a text (Frederiksen, 1977; Kintsch & Van Dijk, 1978; and others).
Bacteriophage Typing of Clinically Isolated Serratia marcescens

A bacteriophage-typing scheme for the differentiation and classification of clinically isolated strains of Serratia marcescens was developed. Thirty-four Serratia bacteriophages were isolated from sewage and used to type 185 of 204 isolates (90.6%) of S. marcescens into 23 bacteriophage groups representing 71 types. Different bacteriophage types occurred at different intervals, suggesting that particular strains of S. marcescens are found at certain times. A correlation was found between inositol fermentation and bacteriophage type and between susceptibility to carbenicillin and bacteriophage type. However, there was no relationship between source of isolate and bacteriophage type. Bacteriophage typing of S. marcescens should provide a system which will aid in determining the origin of nosocomial Serratia infections.
Fractal fluctuation of aerosol concentration near Chernobyl

Abstract We present a simple model of aerosol migration with fractal, or self-similar fluctuation of wind speed. The purpose of the study is to explain fractal fluctuation of airborne radionuclide concentration which was measured daily near Chernobyl by Garger et al. Our theoretical prediction on the concentration fluctuation agrees with the measured data remarkably. We also predict that the mean concentration decreases in time as t − 4 3 e −λt , where λ denotes the sum of constants of the first-order kinetics, such as the radioactive decay rate and the chemical reaction rate. It is suggested that the characteristics of fluctuation appearing in our model are universal for large-scale atmospheric pollution.
Individuality and Achievement in South Indian Social History

One of the unresolved issues of Indian anthorpology is how to characterize and weigh the social importance of individuality and achievement in Indian social history. Of course, the individual as ‘empirical agent’ exists in India as everywhere (Dumont 1970a:9), yet because Hindu culture stresses collective identities over those of the individual, individual achievement, which is a measure of individuality, has been overlooked and sometimes outrightly rejected as a cause of history and social order (Dumont 1970a:107; 1970b; cf. Silverberg 1968). In consequence, the motivations underlying achievement that might explain historic action have also been ignored. This undervaluing of individuality and achievement has given rise to a long debate among South Asianists about the role of the individual in Indian society (e.g., Marriott 1968, 1969; Tambiah 1972:835; Beteille 1986, 1987), a debate that raises questions in wider arenas about the nature of society and culture in relation to individuals (e.g. Brown 1988; Mines 1988).
Expression of MeCP2 in olfactory receptor neurons is developmentally regulated and occurs before synaptogenesis

Rett syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder hypothesized to be due to defective neuronal maturation, is a result of mutations in the mecp2 gene encoding the transcriptional repressor methyl-CpG binding protein (MeCP2). We utilized the olfactory system, which displays postnatal neurogenesis, as a model to investigate MeCP2 expression during development and after injury. MeCP2 expression increased postnatally, localizing to mature olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) and sustentacular supporting cells. The timing of MeCP2 expression was defined by using detergent ablation (to remove the ORNs) and unilateral olfactory bulbectomy (to remove the ORN target), both of which increase neurogenesis. MeCP2 expression in the ORNs reached prelesioning levels as cells matured after ablation, whereas expression was not completely restored after bulbectomy, in which functional synaptogenesis cannot occur. Thus, MeCP2 expression correlates with the maturational state of ORNs, and precedes synaptogenesis. Identifying the time window of MeCP2 expression should help further clarify the biological defects in Rett syndrome.
Approaches to Ethics

This note provides background for analyzing ethical issues in business. It contains (1) a discussion of the nature of ethics in general, (2) a summary of some problems of business ethics, and (3) a description of five approaches to making ethical decisions.
Adaptation to sensory input tunes visual cortex to criticality

Sensory nervous systems adapt to their environment—a mechanism thought to ensure network dynamics remain critical. Visual cortex experiments show that adaptation maintains criticality even as sensory input drives the system away from this regime. A long-standing hypothesis at the interface of physics and neuroscience is that neural networks self-organize to the critical point of a phase transition, thereby optimizing aspects of sensory information processing1,2,3. This idea is partially supported by strong evidence for critical dynamics observed in the cerebral cortex4,5,6,7,8,9,10, but the impact of sensory input on these dynamics is largely unknown. Thus, the foundations of this hypothesis—the self-organization process and how it manifests during strong sensory input—remain unstudied experimentally. Here we show in visual cortex and in a computational model that strong sensory input initially elicits cortical network dynamics that are not critical, but adaptive changes in the network rapidly tune the system to criticality. This conclusion is based on observations of multifaceted scaling laws predicted to occur at criticality4,11. Our findings establish sensory adaptation as a self-organizing mechanism that maintains criticality in visual cortex during sensory information processing.
The Ayala Museum: A site of culture, capital, and displaced colonial desire

(1998). The Ayala Museum: A site of culture, capital, and displaced colonial desire. Australian Journal of Art: Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 71-89.
Optimal hematocrit for canine gastric oxygenation

To determine whether an optimal hematocrit exists at which gastric tissue is maximally oxygenated, chambered segments of resting canine stomach were perfused at a constant pressure while hematocrit was decreased in steps from 60 to 10%. The two groups of animals used were a control group and a second group given pentagastrin to elevate metabolic activity. Total blood flow was inversely related to hematocrit in both the control and pentagastrin-treated animals, and arteriovenous oxygen difference was directly related to hematocrit. Consequently, the relationship between gastric oxygen consumption and hematocrit was parabolic in both groups. Therefore, the oxygen uptake vs. hematocrit data from each experiment were fit to a quadratic equation that was used to calculate the maximal oxygen uptake and the optimal hematocrit for each preparation. Both the maximum oxygen uptake and the optimal hematocrit in the pentagastrin-treated group (2.1 +/- 0.4 ml.min-1.100 g-1 and 45.7 +/- 1.4%, respectively) were significantly greater than in the control group (1.5 +/- 0.4 ml.min-1.100 g-1 and 38.2 +/- 0.7%, respectively). We conclude that an optimal hematocrit exists for the oxygenation of gastric tissue and that it is within the normal hematocrit range under resting conditions. However, the optimal hematocrit is slightly higher than normal during periods of increased metabolic activity.
Trends in Microfabrication Capabilities & Device Architectures.

The last two decades have seen an explosion in worldwide R&D, enabling fundamentally new capabilities while at the same time changing the international technology landscape. The advent of technologies for continued miniaturization and electronics feature size reduction, and for architectural innovations, will have many technical, economic, and national security implications. It is important to anticipate possible microelectronics development directions and their implications on US national interests. This report forecasts and assesses trends and directions for several potentially disruptive microfabrication capabilities and device architectures that may emerge in the next 5-10 years.
From Eugenics to Medical Genetics

Sheldon Reed coined the expression “genetic counseling” in 1947, the same year he succeeded Clarence P. Oliver as Director of the University of Minnesota's Dight Institute for Human Genetics. In reflections written more than a quarter-century later, Reed noted that the term had occurred to him “as a kind of genetic social work without eugenic connotations.” Sharply distinguishing the aims of eugenics and counseling, he explained that whereas the former promotes the interests of the larger society, the latter serves the interests of individual families—as families perceive them. Reed never denied that he or other postwar medical geneticists were concerned with population improvement. But he maintained that counseling served a different purpose. Commenting on the history of the Dight Institute, Reed asserted: “There were certainly no attempts to benefit society as a whole in dealing with these families. This was not thought of as a program of eugenics.”
Further Notes on the Function of Pronotal Combs in Fleas (Siphonaptera)

The close correlation between spacing of pronotal spines in nine species of North American fleas and their host hair diameter provides additional support of the proposed adaptive function of pronotal combs in retaining effective attachment to their hosts and resisting dislodgement.
Averaging Functions in a Variable Environment: A Second-Order Approximation Method

A method for finding the average value of a nonlinear function, g(x) , of a distributed variable is described. For a spatially (and statistically) distributed variable, x , it is not true that $\bar g$(x) = g($\bar x$) for g nonlinear. A Taylor series expansion of g(x) around the mean, $\bar x$, has terms which are proportional to the central moments of x . A second order approximation which worked well was $\bar g$(x) = $\bar g$($\bar x$) + g(2($\bar x$)σ2/2! which is independent of the distribution of x . g(2)($\bar x$) is the second derivative of g at $\bar x$ and σ2 is the variance of x. If one assumes a “Logan” type developmental rate, g(x) = Ae ax – Be bx , and a normal distribution of temperatures, then for this case an exact average developmental rate emerges: $\bar g$(x) = A exp[a($\bar x$ + aσ/2)] - B exp[b($\bar x$ + bσ2/2)] where $\bar x$ and σ2 are the temperature mean and variance.
FTIR characterization of scaled-up photonic crystal structures

Micron-scale, two-dimensional photonic crystal devices fabricated using standard microelectronics technology can be used as a step in the development of sub-micron-scale devices. Transmission and reflection spectra are obtained for micron-scale devices using FTIR microspectroscopy.
A concise Diels–Alder strategy leading to congeners of the ABC ring system of the marine alkaloid ‘upenamide

Abstract A second-generation approach to the BC spirocycle of ‘upenamide is reported. Central to the synthesis is an endo selective Diels–Alder reaction between 1-(t-butyldimethylsiloxy)-1,3-butadiene and bromomaleic anhydride followed by a radical mediated allylation of the ring fusion bromide. Functional group manipulation provides three (9–11) advanced synthetic intermediates ready for coupling with the remaining half (DE bicycle) of ‘upenamide.
A ‘Material’-ist Reading of the Bharata Natyam Dancing Body: The Possibility of the ‘Unruly Spectator’

This chapter weaves back and forth between reading a stage performance of the Bharata Natyam body, its labor on and off stage, and examining the material accoutrements that invest the body with its symbolic, ritual, cultural, and physical power.1 A localized materialist reading of the Bharata Natyam body in performance reveals its labor within specific historical, ethnographic, and critical global discourses. As assistant to this analysis, I offer the notion of the ‘unruly spectator,’ a corporeal being who critically engages with the female dancing body and is able to view its multiple and material performances even while accounting for the seduction of its aesthetics. I turn to feminist ethnography, and particularly to the concerns of third world feminists, in order to envision the unruly spectator as one who works through the seduction of nationalist, Orientalist, and patriarchal discourses that saturate the Bharata Natyam female dancer on stage and is then able to see beyond them to account for multiple histories of capital flow and domination.2
All-cause hospitalizations for inflammatory bowel diseases: Can the reason for admission provide information on inpatient resource use? A study from a large veteran affairs hospital.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are group of chronic inflammatory illnesses with a remitting and relapsing course that may result in appreciable morbidity and high medical costs secondary to repeated hospitalizations. The study’s objectives were to identify the reasons for hospitalization among patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, and compare inpatient courses and readmission rates for IBD-related admissions versus non-IBD-related admissions. A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients with IBD admitted to the Minneapolis VA Medical Center between September 2010 and September 2012. A total of 111 patients with IBD were admitted during the 2-year study period. IBD flares/complications accounted for 36.9 % of the index admissions. Atherothrombotic events comprised the second most common cause of admissions (14.4 %) in IBD patients. Patients with an index admission directly related to IBD were significantly younger and had developed IBD more recently. Unsurprisingly, the IBD admission group had significantly more gastrointestinal endoscopies and abdominal surgeries, and was more likely to be started on medication for IBD during the index stay. The median length of stay (LOS) for the index hospitalization for an IBD flare or complication was 4 (2–8) days compared with 2 (1–4) days for the other patients (P = 0.001). A smaller percentage of the group admitted for an IBD flare/complication had a shorter ICU stay compared with the other patients (9.8 % vs. 15.7 %, respectively); however, their ICU LOSs tended to be longer (4.5 vs. 2.0 days, respectively, P = 0.17). Compared to the other admission types, an insignificantly greater percentage of the group whose index admission was related to an IBD flare or complication had at least one readmission within 6 months of discharge (29 % versus 21 %; P = 0.35). The rate of admission was approximately 80 % greater in the group whose index admission was related to an IBD flare or complication compared to the other types of admission (rate ratio 1.8, 95 % confidence interval 0.96 to 3.4), although this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.07). Identifying the reasons for the patients' index admission, IBD flares versus all other causes, may provide valuable information concerning admission care and the subsequent admission history.
The Problem of Bias in Political Journalism

The single issue that seems most to concern those who are worried about the press is bias in political reporting. At the present time, American conservatives are especially concerned about bias and have formed several “watchdog” groups (for example, Accuracy in Media) to identify and focus attention on what they perceive to be biased reporting. But a concern with bias on the part of the American press has existed on the Left as well. Recall complaints in the 1960s about the “establishment” press by critics of Vietnam war policy.
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: a Case Study

This grand rounds manuscript reviews important considerations in developing case conceptualizations for individuals with a history of prenatal alcohol exposure. This case study provides an introduction to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, diagnostic issues, a detailed description of the individual's history, presenting symptoms, neuropsychological test results, and an integrated summary. We describe a 9-year old girl diagnosed with a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD): Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (ND-PAE). This patient is a composite of a prototypical child who participated as part of a research project at the Center for Behavioral Teratology who was subsequently seen at an outpatient child psychiatry facility.
Key Program Findings and Insights From the Baby-Friendly Hawaii Project:

Background:Breastfeeding is the optimal method for infant feeding. In the United States, 81.1% of mothers initiate breastfeeding; however, only 44.4% and 22.3% of mothers are exclusively breastfeed...
Social Robots: From Research to Commercialization

The fields of Social Robotics and Human-Robot Interaction are undergoing rapid growth, motivated by important societal challenges facing the general public such as aging in place, healthcare, education, manufacturing, transportation, and much more. Such applications motivate the development of ever more intelligent and capable autonomous robots and technologies that can work collaboratively with people in human environments. In the consumer marketplace, intelligent conversational technologies are entering the home at a surprising rate as Internet of Things devices are enabled by AI-based SDKs. Affordable social robots are also poised to enter the market as mass consumer products and 3rd party developer platforms. The importance of developing and understanding the beneficial and longitudinal impact of such technologies on daily life never been more relevant. This keynote presentation highlights a number of provocative research findings from the Personal Robots Group at the MIT Media Lab along these themes. We develop social robots and apply them as a new kind of scientific tool to understand human behavior. We then use these insights to design and develop social robots that can longitudinally engage people to enhance quality of life outcomes. In this presentation, we highlight relevant work in healthcare and early childhood education.Research in social robotics builds a critical foundation for real world applications. Social robots can be viewed as a new medium for content that is capable of humanized engagement. As such, social robots are a highly differentiated and compelling platform for 3rd party content and app developers. The entrepreneurial journey of bringing a social robot consumer product to market in the USA will also be discussed in the context of Jibo, Inc.
Past Tense and Past Times in Subjunctive Conditionals

Some theories of conditionals maintain that the difference between indicative and subjunctive conditionals involves the standard temporal interpretation of past tense. I provide an argument against such theories. The argument is based on the claim that these views do not correctly predict the correspondence between tense marking and temporal interpretation in certain conditionals.
Partnership and Coteaching: Preparing Preservice Teachers to Improve Outcomes for Students with Disabilities

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this qualitative study was to explore partnership structures and the practice of coteaching in developing preservice teachers’ (PST) collaboration skills and ability to include students with disabilities in general education classrooms. Interviews served as the primary data source, and secondary data sources included journals, observation forms, lesson plans, and field notes. Four assertions emerged: (1) reconfiguring partnership structures and roles helped to strengthen collaboration and shift the nature of course work and field supervision to assist PSTs to meet the needs of students with disabilities, (2) working together within an inclusive classroom created collegiality and shared responsibility for meeting the needs of students with disabilities, (3) shared planning enabled PST collaboration skills to develop and improve instruction for students with disabilities, and (4) collaborating enhanced PST knowledge of the politics related to meeting the needs of students with disabil...
XinuPi3: Teaching Multicore Concepts Using Embedded Xinu

As computer platforms become more advanced, the need to teach advanced computing concepts grows accordingly. This paper addresses one such need by presenting XinuPi3, a port of the lightweight instructional operating system Embedded Xinu to the Raspberry Pi 3. The Raspberry Pi 3 improves upon previous generations of inexpensive, credit card-sized computers by including a quad-core, ARM-based processor, opening the door for educators to demonstrate essential aspects of modern computing like inter-core communication and genuine concurrency.Embedded Xinu has proven to be an effective teaching tool for demonstrating low-level concepts on single-core platforms, and it is currently used to teach a range of systems courses at multiple universities. As of this writing, no other bare metal educational operating system supports multicore computing. XinuPi3 provides a suitable learning environment for beginners on genuinely concurrent hardware. This paper provides an overview of the key features of the XinuPi3 system, as well as the novel embedded system education experiences it makes possible.
Patent ductus arteriosus, its treatments, and the risks of pulmonary morbidity.

Abstract A persistent left-to-right shunt through a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) increases the rate of hydrostatic fluid filtration into the lung’s interstitium, impairs pulmonary mechanics, and prolongs the need for mechanical ventilation. In preclinical trials, pharmacologic PDA closure leads to improved alveolarization and minimizes the impaired postnatal alveolar development that is the pathologic hallmark of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Although routine prophylactic treatment of a PDA on the day of birth does not appear to offer any more protection against BPD than delaying treatment for 2–3 days, recent evidence from quality improvement trials suggests that early pharmacologic treatment decreases the incidence of BPD compared with a treatment approach that exposes infants to a moderate-to-large PDA shunt for the first 7–10 days after birth. After the first week, routine pharmacologic treatment (compared with continued PDA exposure) no longer appears to alter the course of BPD development. Evidence from epidemiologic, preclinical, and randomized controlled trials demonstrate that early ductus ligation is an independent risk factor for the development of BPD.
An Ancient Elliptic Locus

(2010). An Ancient Elliptic Locus. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 117, No. 2, pp. 161-167.
Some Thoughts on Certification and Graduate Accounting Education from the Perspectives of Law, Economics and Ethics

This article addresses some issues in graduate accounting education from the perspectives of economics, law and ethics. There are separate sections on certification and graduate accounting education, curriculum, faculty and accreditation. The article concludes with some suggestions for a model accounting program.
Antimuscarinic Pharmacotherapy for Overactive Bladder

Antimuscarinic agents act by competitively blocking muscarinic receptors in the bladder urothelium and detrusor muscle. These receptors are stimulated by acetylcholine, which is released from cholinergic parasympathetic nerves. Antimuscarinic agents work during the storage phase of the micturition cycle to reduce involuntary bladder contractions and the sensation of urgency. A variety of antimuscarinics are available for use in the treatment of overactive bladder and vary in their pharmacologic properties such as lipophilicity, molecular charge, and molecular size. These property differences result in some theoretical, as well as real, therapeutic advantages and differences in rates of the various adverse effects. Several antimuscarinic agents are in common use including darifenacin, fesoterodine, hyoscyamine, imidafenacin, propantheline bromide, scopolamine, solifenacin, tolterodine, trospium, flavoxate, and oxybutynin. Important clinical data on these drugs is summarized in this chapter.
How do we present messy syndromic surveillance data to public health’s partners?

Objective: To discuss data disclaimers and caveats that are fundamental to sharing syndromic surveillance (SyS) data Introduction: With increasing awareness of SyS systems, there has been a concurrent increase in demand for data from these systems – both from researchers and from the media. The opioid epidemic occurring in the United States has forced the SyS community to determine the best way to present these data in a way that makes sense while acknowledging the incompleteness and variability in how the data are collected at the hospital level and queried at the user level. While significant time and effort are spent discussing optimal queries, responsible presentation of the data - including data disclaimers - is rarely discussed within the SyS community. Description: This roundtable will provide a forum for national, state, and local users of syndromic surveillance systems to discuss these SyS data disclaimers. Over the last few months, an informal working group has crafted data disclaimer language. Members of this working group will facilitate the discussion and present their template for comment and discussion. Other members of the SyS will be encouraged to share their jurisdiction-specific data disclaimer language. The focus of this roundtable will be on effective communication of emergency department SyS data. How the Moderator Intends to Engage the Audience in Discussions on the Topic: This roundtable is well suited to audience participation as all jurisdictions are faced with how to communicate SyS data. Jurisdictions will likely have varying degrees of experience with disclaimers of this sort, so opportunities for sharing of work will be useful to the broader SyS community. Sample Questions: Does your jurisdiction have standardized language that accompanies your SyS data? How does the SyS community best share data that is often incomplete and subject to inter-hospital variability? What kinds of reporting would the SyS community like to come from the NSSP?
Assessing the utility of an IoS application in the perioperative care of spine surgery patients: the NeuroPath Pilot study

Background: In an attempt to improve care while decreasing costs and postoperative pain, we developed a novel IoS mobile health application, NeuroPath. The objective of this innovative app is to integrate enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) principles, patient education, and real-time pain and activity monitoring in a home setting with unencumbered two-way communication. Methods: The NeuroPath application was built over 18 months, with support from Apple, Medable, the Department of Information-Technology and the Department of Neurosurgery. Target areas addressed by NeuroPath include patient prep for surgery, perioperative risk mitigation, activity monitoring, wound care, and opioid use management. These target areas are monitored through a provider app, which is downloaded to the care providers IPad Mini. The provider app permits real time viewing of wound healing (patient incision photographs), activity levels, pain levels, and narcotic usage. Participants are given a daily To-Do list, via the Care Card section of the interface. The To-Do list presents the patient with specific tasks for exercise, instructions to wash incision area, pre-operative instructions, directions for discussing medication with care team, among other patient specific recommendations. Results: Of the 30 patients enrolled in the pilot study, there was a range of activity on the app. Patients with high involvement in the app logged in nearly every day from a week pre-op to >45 days post-op. Data for patients that utilized the app and uploaded regularly show trends of appropriately healing wounds, decreasing levels of pain, increasing step counts, and discontinuation of narcotics. Conclusions: This pilot study of the NeuroPath app demonstrates its potential utility for improving quality of patient care without increased costs. Participants who regularly used the app showed consistent improvement throughout the post-operative recovery period (increasing ambulation, decreasing pain and guided reduction in narcotic usage).
Queer shame: affect, resistance, and colonial critique in Abdellah Taïa’s Celui qui est digne d’être aimé

One of the first North African Francophone authors to announce and fully assume his minoritised sexuality, Abdellah Taia has often examined questions of shame with regard to sexuality in his writin...
Focus on . . . Lawsuits Challenging the Department of Labor's Fiduciary Rule

The US Department of Labor (DOJ) published its final fiduciary regulation in the Federal Register on April 8, 2016. [81 Fed. Reg. 20,946.] The related Prohibited Transaction Exemptions (PTEs) were published on the same date. During the first two weeks of June 2016, five separate lawsuits were filed, challenging the final rule on various grounds. In addition, on June 8, President Obama vetoed a resolution to kill the DOL fiduciary rule, which was approved by the House in April and the Senate in May. This article will discuss the background to the rule and summarize the major allegations made in the lawsuit.