cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A stochastic model based energy management system for off-grid solar houses

Abstract This paper discusses the challenges to net zero energy houses to the next level, which is to take them off the grid. This raises the stakes significantly as there is no reliance on the infinite storage that the grid provides, but only on the local energy storage. Overall reliability and resilience are the basic demands that need to be satisfied by the design and system sizing. We investigate a special aspect of power reliability, arguing that maintaining thermal comfort and guaranteeing power availability will be the two most important performance indicators in an off-grid house design. Due to the dynamic characteristic of a renewable energy generation system it is often difficult to maintain a stable thermal comfort level without investing in an oversized renewable power system. This paper presents a stochastic model based energy management system that distributes energy based on acceptable ranges of thermal comfort levels and manages electricity storage in batteries, driven by the projected energy demand and the projected energy generation. The objective of the stochastic model based control is to guide system operation and reach a balance between acceptable thermal comfort and general power reliability in an off-grid residence. Simulation results indicate that the proposed stochastic model based controller decreases the risk of power unavailability by up to 24% without sacrificing indoor thermal comfort dramatically. A follow-up sensitivity analysis demonstrates versatilities of the controller in practical application. Certain limitations in its application are discussed at the end of this paper.
New method for generators' angles and angular velocities prediction for transient stability assessment of multimachine power systems using recurrent artificial neural network

Recurrent radial basis function (RBF) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network (ANN) schemes are proposed for dynamic system modeling, and generators' angles and angular velocities prediction for transient stability assessment. The method is presented for multimachine power systems. In this scheme, transient stability is assessed based on monitoring generators' angles and angular velocities with time, and checking whether they exceed the specified limits for system stability or not. Data generation schemes have been proposed. The proposed recurrent ANN scheme is not sensitive to fault locations. It is only dependent on the postfault system configuration.
Solder joint fatigue: comparison of hand soldering to vapor phase soldering on surface mounted components for aerospace applications

The solder fatigue life of hand-soldered joints was compared to vapor-phase-soldered joints by thermal cycling circuit cards populated with surface-mount components. Four package types were tested: two sizes of chip components (2512 and 0805), 14-pin gull wing flatpacks and 44-pin leadless ceramic chip carriers. Various process flows were correlated with solder joint reliability. The test samples were temperature cycled, over 7500 cycles from -30/spl deg/C to +100/spl deg/C for more than a year. Results of the temperature cycling indicate several interesting trends including some which are counter to expectations. Differences in component form and solder joint properties are likely explanations. >
Numerical methods for high dimensional Hamilton-Jacobi equations using radial basis functions

We utilize radial basis functions (RBFs) to construct numerical schemes for Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) equations on unstructured data sets in arbitrary dimensions. The computational setup is a meshless discretization of the physical domain. We derive monotone schemes on unstructured data sets to compute the viscosity solutions. The essentially nonoscillatory (ENO) mechanism is combined with radial basis function reconstruction to obtain high order schemes in the presence of gradient discontinuities. Numerical examples of time dependent HJ equations in 2, 3 and 4 dimensions illustrate the accuracy of the new methods.
From Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy to 4D Radiation Therapy - An Advance in Targeting Mobile Lung Tumors

Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has been widely used in the treatment of lung cancer. The highly conformal dose distribution with steep gradients could miss the target if respiratory motion is not carefully considered during the treatment planning. The issue becomes particularly critical when dose escalation technique is used. To account for this periodical respiratory motion, the common practice is to add an empirical population-based safety margin to the clinical target volume (CTV). However, such a uniform margin does not reflect the fact that respiratory motion is not isotropic. In addition, it is not tailored to each individual patient. Thus, it is not optimal in both tumor targeting and normal tissue sparing. Here, we present our approach to 4D radiation therapy using the Bellows tracking system for targeting mobile lung tumors. The objective was to develop a clinically viable procedure for routine 4D treatment planning.
Growth and reproductive performance of beef replacement heifers fed development diets containing soybean meal or wet distillers grains 1

ABSTRACT Our objective was to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal with wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDG) in beef heifer development diets on growth and reproductive performance. Weaned heifers (n = 172; initial BW 319 ± 2 kg; age 282 ± 1 d) were stratified by BW and age and assigned randomly to be fed development diets using soybean meal (CON) or WDG as the primary source of CP in the diet. Heifers were allotted equally to 8 pens, adapted to diets for 14 d, and fed for ad libitum intake for 94 d. Heifer BW was measured on d 28, 56, and 84 relative to the beginning of the experiment and at breeding; paired serum samples were collected at these times to define puberty status. After 94 d, treatments were combined in a native short- grass rangeland pasture. Heifers from each treatment were exposed to ovulation synchronization and fixed-time AI 23 or 51 d after diets ended. Total DM delivered was 4,695 kg less (P 0.10). Conception to fixed-time AI and overall pregnancy rates were not different (P > 0.60) between treatments. Under the conditions of our study, developing replacement heifer diets using WDG as the primary source of CP had negative temporal effects on growth performance and age at puberty; however, these effects were nullified when heifers were allowed to graze native range for at least 23 d before breeding.
Risk Management for Overseas Development Projects

This paper identifies and assesses unique risks faced by overseas development projects in three aspects: political risk, economy/financial risk, culture risk. Response strategies are recommended to these risks. The paper also briefly discussed some integrated risk management models proposed by researchers to manage risk for overseas development projects.
A simple algorithm for generating discrete prolate spheroidal sequences

The discrete prolate spheroidal sequences are optimum waveforms in many communication and signal processing applications because they comprise the most spectral efficient set of orthogonal sequences possible. Generation of the sequences has proven to be difficult in the past due to the absence of a closed form solution. A new method of easily generating any single discrete prolate spheroidal sequence, including sequences of very long length, is presented. Also shown are some example sequences generated using the algorithm presented. >
Predictive coding in the visual cortex: a functional interpretation of some extra-classical receptive-field effects.

We describe a model of visual processing in which feedback connections from a higher- to a lower- order visual cortical area carry predictions of lower-level neural activities, whereas the feedforward connections carry the residual errors between the predictions and the actual lower-level activities. When exposed to natural images, a hierarchical network of model neurons implementing such a model developed simple-cell-like receptive fields. A subset of neurons responsible for carrying the residual errors showed endstopping and other extra-classical receptive-field effects. These results suggest that rather than being exclusively feedforward phenomena, nonclassical surround effects in the visual cortex may also result from cortico-cortical feedback as a consequence of the visual system using an efficient hierarchical strategy for encoding natural images.
Differential Gene Expression in the Bovine Corpus Luteum During Transition from Early Phase to Midphase and Its Potential Role in Acquisition of Luteolytic Sensitivity to Prostaglandin F2 Alpha

Abstract Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2alpha) brings about regression of the bovine corpus luteum (CL). This luteolytic property of PGF2alpha is used in beef and dairy cattle to synchronize estrus. A limitation of this protocol is insensitivity of the early CL to luteolytic actions of PGF2alpha. The mechanisms underlying this differential luteal sensitivity are poorly understood. The developing CL has a maximum number of PGF2alpha receptors; therefore, differences in signaling events may be responsible for luteal insensitivity. Hence, differential gene expression at two developmental stages of CL, Day 4 (D-4) and D-10 after estrus, might account for differences in signal transduction pathways associated with luteal sensitivity. This possibility was examined in these studies. Microarray analysis (n = 3 cows per stage) identified 167 genes that were differentially expressed (P < 0.05). These were categorized into genes involved in protein biosynthesis and modification (18.5%), transcription regulation and DNA...
Time-resolved studies of particle effects in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

Time resolved signals in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) are studied to determine the influence of experimental parameters on ICP-induced fractionation effects. Differences in sample composition and morphology, i.e., ablating brass, glass, or dust pellets, have a profound effect on the time resolved signal. Helium transport gas significantly decreases large positive signal spikes arising from large particles in the ICP. A binder for pellets also reduces the abundance and amplitude of spikes in the signal. MO+ ions also yield signal spikes, but these MO+ spikes generally occur at different times from their atomic ion counterparts.
Throwing transcription for a loop: expression of the genome in the 3D nucleus

The functional output of the genome is closely dependent on its organization within the nucleus, which ranges from the 10-nm chromatin fiber to the three-dimensional arrangement of this fiber in the nuclear space. Recent observations suggest that intra- and inter-chromosomal interactions between distant sequences underlie several aspects of transcription regulatory processes. These contacts can bring enhancers close to their target genes or prevent inappropriate interactions between regulatory sequences via insulators. In addition, intra- and inter-chromosomal interactions can bring co-activated or co-repressed genes to the same nuclear location. Recent technological advances have made it possible to map long-range cis and trans interactions at relatively high resolution. This information is being used to develop three-dimensional maps of the arrangement of the genome in the nucleus and to understand causal relationships between nuclear structure and function.
Frequency-hop spread-spectrum packet radio with Hermitian codes

Hermitian codes are an attractive alternative to Reed-Solomon codes for use in frequency-hop (FH) spread-spectrum packet radio networks. For a given alphabet size, a Hermitian code has a much longer block length than a Reed-Solomon code. This and other considerations suggest that Hermitian codes may be superior for certain applications. Analytical results are developed for the evaluation of the packet error probability for FH transmissions using Hermitian coding. We find there are several situations for which Hermitian codes provide much lower packet error probabilities than can be obtained with Reed-Solomon codes. In general, as the code rate decreases or the symbol alphabet size increases, the relative performance of Hermitian codes improves with respect to Reed-Solomon codes. Performance evaluations are presented for an additive white Gaussian noise channel and for a catastrophic partial-band interference channel, and the packet error probability is evaluated for both errors-only and errors-and-erasures decoding.
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a binding partner for hypoxia induced mitogenic factor (HIMF/FIZZ1) and mediates myeloid cell chemotaxis

Hypoxia induced mitogenic factor (HIMF) is a member of the FIZZ/resistin/RELM family of proteins that we have shown to have potent mitogenic, angiogenic, and vasoconstrictive effects in the lung vasculature. In the current report, we identified Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) as a functional HIMF binding partner through glutathione S-transferase (GST)-HIMF pull-down studies and mass spectrometry. Using primary cultured HIMF-stimulated murine bone marrow cells, we demonstrated that HIMF causes redistribution of BTK to the leading edge of the cells. HIMF stimulation induced BTK autophosphorylation, which peaked at 2.5 min. A transwell migration assay showed that treatment with recombinant murine HIMF induced migration of primary cultured bone marrow cells that was completely blocked by the BTK inhibitor, LFM-A13. Our results demonstrate BTK as the first known functional binding partner of the HIMF/FIZZ family of proteins and that HIMF acts as a chemotatic molecule in stimulating the migration of myeloid cell...
In search of optimal codes for DNA computing

Encoding and processing information in DNA-, RNA- and other biomolecule-based devices is an important requirement for DNA-based computing with potentially important applications. Recent experimental and theoretical advances have produced and tested new methods to obtain large code sets of oligonucleotides to support virtually any kind of application. We report results of a tour de force to conduct an exhaustive search to produce code sets that are arguably of sizes comparable to that of maximal sets while guaranteeing high quality, as measured by the minimum Gibbs energy between any pair of code words and other criteria. The method is constructive and directly produces the actual composition of the sets, unlike their counterpart in vitro . The sequences allow a quantitative characterization of their composition. We also present a new technique to generate code sets with desirable more stringent constraints on their possible interaction under a variety of conditions, as measured by Gibbs energies of duplex formation. The results predict close agreement with known results in vitro for 20–mers. Consequences of these results are bounds on the capacity of DNA for information storage and processing in wet tubes for a given oligo length, as well as many other applications where specific and complex self-directed assembly of large number of components may be required.
Magnesium chloride supported high-mileage catalyst for olefin polymerization. IX. Molecular weight and distribution and chain-transfer processes

Mn, Mw and PD = Mw/Mn of polypropylene obtained with the MgCl2/ethyl benzoate/p-cresol/AlEt3/TiCl4–AlEt3/methyl-p-toluate (CW-catalyst) have been obtained as a function of temperature, monomer, and AlEt3 concentrations. The values of Mn after a few minutes of polymerization range from 50% to 100% of the final values. I.I. (percent yield of stereoregular polymer) and P.D. of stereoregular polymer remain constant during a batch polymerization. The MW distribution is very narrow with PD ⋍ 2.0 between 0° and 50° using optimum A/T ratio. It is broader for polymerizations employing low or high A/T ratio or elevated temperature, reaching P.D. = 2.78 at 70°C. The corresponding P.D. values for the total polymer ranged from 3.1 to 4.5 due to contributions from the heptane soluble fraction. The latter gives bimodal GPC chromatogram. The Mn of stereoregular polymer is much smaller than the reciprocal of concentration of metal polymer bonds, [MPB]−1; the ratio of the two quantities is a measure of number of polymer chains not bonded to a metal ion to the number of those which are bonded to either Ti or Al. Depending upon the experimental conditions, this ratio varied from 2.3 to 23.5 for short polymerization time, and 16 to 31 for long polymerization time. Chain transfer with AlEt3 is ineffective for the CW-catalyst system. From the plots of [MPB] versus yield, the rate constants for this process obtained at 50° are: k = 2.1 × 10−4 sec−1; k = 2 × 10−5 sec−1; k = 1.1 × 10−4 sec−1; and k = 1.2 × 10−5 sec−1 where the subscripts i, a, 1 and 2 refer to stereospecific and nonstereospecific sites of first and second kind respectively. Thr transfer rates increase with both increasing and decreasing temperatures consistent with the Langmuir–Hirschelwood adsorption model. The MW of isotactic polymers are dependent upon monomer concentration. The chain transfer with monomer has rate constants at 50° of k = 1.34 × 10−2 M−1 sec−1 and k = 1.2 × 10−3 M−1 sec−1. In addition there is chain transfer by β-hydride elimination with k = 2.7 × 10−2 sec−1 at 50° which is the chain lifetime limiting process at low monomer concentration. The rate of chain transfer with monomer can exceed that of β-hydride elimination at high propylene pressure. The very narrow PD for the stereoregular polymers suggest there is only one chemically distinct isospecific active site.
Women's Career Choices: Focus on Science, Math, and Technology Careers

This study was part of a longitudinal study of factors related to persistence in a science-related career. Participants (N = 173; 97 women and 76 men) were a subsample of matched participants from the 1980 and 1990 phases of data collection in the midwestern United States who in 1980, while in high school, aspired to a science, math, or technology career. By 1990, 36% of women and 46% of men had persisted in a science-related career. Structural equation model testing indicated that for women persistence was related to the number of elective high school science courses taken and that women who had higher career commitment were more likely to have switched aspirations to another career field. For men, persistence was related to their 1980 and 1990 career aspiration level and needing and obtaining financial support for college. For men these relationships also incorporated the largely indirect effects of high school science grade point average. Implications for counseling include encouraging interested adolescent girls to take elective science courses and nurturing aspiration level in adolescent boys who have science ability and are interested in a science career. In the 1970s and 1980s, the United States witnessed several changes in the opportunity structure for women that positively affected their career opportunities. Although women have increased their participation in science, math, and technology careers in the 20 or more years since educational equity legislation was passed, that participation is still well below parity (Brush, 1991; Dix, 1987; National Science Foundation, 1990). A priority for government agencies such as the National Science Foundation and the Department of Education is to increase the parity (i.e., equal participation) of women in science and technical occupations. A major purpose of the longitudinal study reported here was to identify factors related to persistence and nonpersistence in science, math, and technology careers for a group of students who aspired to a science-related career when they were originally studied in 1980 when they were 9th or 12th graders in high school. A particular focus was to identify factors related to women's persistence in these career fields. Knowledge of the factors found to relate to persistence in a science-related career should be useful to counselors in high schools and colleges in designing interventions that will lead to greater persistence of women and
Co-existence of thin basement membrane nephropathy with other glomerular pathologies; a single center experience

Background: The co-existence of thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) and another glomerular pathology portends a worse prognosis than TBMN alone. Objectives: The purpose of our study was to investigate the prevalence of TBMN and associated glomerular pathologies at our institution. Patients and Methods: We reviewed all renal biopsies performed at Saint Louis University hospital over a 7-year period. We excluded all post transplant biopsies, and biopsies showing diabetic glomerulopathy, membranoproliferative glomerulopathy, membranous glomerulopathy, and biopsies where no electron microscopy or immunofluorescent studies were done. All other biopsies were included. Results: A total of 634 biopsies were included in the study. The prevalence of TBMN was 47 (7.4%), of whom 17 (36.2%) had TBMN alone. In the remaining 30 (63.8%) patients TBMN was associated with other glomerular pathologies: IgAN 9 (19.1%) and FSGS 9 (19.1%). We found significantly higher prevalence of IgAN in patients with TBMN versus all biopsies (19.1% vs. 7.7%, respectively, P = 0.002). We found significant similarities in biopsy indications for TBMN and IgAN group. Conclusions: Around two thirds of the cases of TBMN were associated with other glomerular pathologies. The prevalence of IgAN, but not focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, was significantly higher in patients with TBMN as compared to the general renal biopsy specimens.
Affect and Delay of Gratification.

Three experiments investigated the influence of positive and negative affect manipulations on children's preferences for small immediate versus large delayed rewards. Positive and negative affect were induced via verbal instructions to imagine happy and sad experiences. Elementary school children were randomly assigned to a control condition or to one of several treatment conditions consisting of two affect manipulations: a positive followed by a negative, the reverse, and (in the third experiment) two positives or two negatives. In some conditions (in the second and third experiments) measurement of delayed reward preference followed the first and second affect inductions whereas in other conditions (in the second and third experiments) measurement followed only the second affect manipulation. As predicted, negative affect subjects chose fewer large delayed rewards than did positive affect subjects during the first assessment (p < .02). At the second assessment, comparison among treatment and control conditions revealed the influence of a prior commitment effect which negated the potential influence of a second affect manipulation on preference for delayed rewards.
Osmotic stress and abscisic acid reduce cytosolic calcium activities in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana

Cytosolic Ca2+· ([Ca2+]i, and elongation growth were measured in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. Exposure of plant tissues to high NaCl and abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations results in a reduction in the rate of growth, but the mechanism by which growth is inhibited is not understood. Both NaCl and ABA treatments are known to influence [Ca2+]i, and in this study we measured the effects of salinity and ABA on [Ca2+]i in cells from the meristematic region of Arabidopsis roots. The Ca2+-sensitive dye Fura-2 and ratiometric techniques were used to measure [Ca2+]i in cells of the root meristem region. Resting [Ca2+]i was found to be between 100 and 200 μmol m−3 in roots of untreated plants. Resting [Ca2+]i changed in response to changes in the [Ca2+] surrounding growing roots. An increase of external [Ca2+] increased [Ca2+]i; conversely, a decrease of external [Ca2+] decreased [Ca2+]i. Exposure of roots to NaCl caused a rapid reduction of [Ca2+]i, a response that was proportional to the external NaCl concentration. Thus, as the NaCl concentration was increased, [Ca2+]i in root meristematic cells decreased. Root elongation was also inhibited in proportion to the external NaCl concentration, with maximal inhibition occurring at 120 mol m−3 NaCl. The [Ca2+]i of root meristem cells also changed in response to ABA, and the magnitude of the effect of ABA was dependent upon ABA concentration. Treatment with 0.2 mmol m−3 ABA caused a momentary increase in [Ca2+]i followed by a decrease after 15 min, but 10 mmol m−3 ABA caused an immediate decline in [Ca2+]i. There was a strong positive correlation between [Ca2+]i and root elongation rates. Experiments with the ABA-deficient Arabidopsis mutant aba-3 indicated that the reduction in [Ca2+]i brought about by NaCl was unlikely to be mediated via changes in endogenous ABA. Experiments with solutes such as sorbitol, KCl and NaNO3 indicated that the effects of NaCl could be mimicked by other solutes and was not specific for NaCl.
Patents and Licensing, Ethics, Moral Status of Human Tissues: Sale, Abandonment or Gift

Introduction Body and Self Attitudes Toward the Body Conflicts: Bodily Integrity and Disintegration The Mechanistic Body Understandings of Body Tissue Metaphors of Body Tissue The Moore Case Transfer and Acquisition Modes of Transfer The Donation Paradigm Contributions Abandonment Sales Keywords: patents and licensing
A design approach to a computer-controlled injection-molding machine

Plastics injection molding is a complex, multi-variable process which has not yet been clarified. The hardware controller is difficult to build without a realistic mathematical model. One powerful technique for solving such a difficulty is to employ digital control technology which can utilize sophisticated control strategies in order to optimize the system performance. Machine operation and resultant production can be tightly controlled by using computer monitoring, data storage and data logging. This paper presents elements of the various problems that process engineers may encounter in designing a computer-controlled system for plastics injection-molding machinery. The variables of the process and a functional analysis of process control are discussed. A hardware system design; including specification of computer, selection of peripheral devices, system design, and input/output interfacing; is presented.
Classic presentation of a type II obturator hernia

A type II obturator hernia is a rare clinical entity that may be found on imaging and at surgery, as seen in this case of a 91-year-old woman who presented to our emergency department. Images are presented with treatment choices and a brief discussion on different types of obturator hernias.
Synovectomy of the distal two joints of the thumb and fingers in rheumatoid arthritis.

The technique and advantages of synovectomy of the interphalangeal joints of the fingers and thumb and of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the latter digit, whereby the joints are dislocated at operation, have been described. The same surgical approach may be used for arthroplasty, which is occasionally indicated for these joints. It also may be used for arthrodesis of the joints. The technique, as observed in 136 instances, appears to be far superior to the two-incision technique whereby the joints are not dislocated.
Outcomes of a Stepcut Lengthening Calcaneal Osteotomy for Adult-Acquired Flatfoot Deformity:

Background:Lateral column lengthening is used to correct abduction deformity at the midfoot and improve talar head coverage in patients with flatfoot deformity. It was our hypothesis that following a stepcut lengthening calcaneal osteotomy (SLCO), patients would have adequate correction of the deformity, a high union rate of the osteotomy, and improvement in clinical outcome scores.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 37 consecutive patients who underwent SLCO for the treatment of stage IIB flatfoot deformity with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Deformity correction was assessed using preoperative and postoperative weight-bearing radiographs. Healing of the osteotomy was assessed by computed tomography. Clinical outcomes included the FAOS and SF-36 questionnaires. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare clinical outcome scores. An alpha level of .05 was deemed statistically significant.Results:Healing of the osteotomy occurred at a mean of 7.7 weeks postoperatively. The talonavicular (TN) coverage an...
Induction of Diapause in Tobacco Hornworms from Kentucky and California by Temperature and Photoperiod

Both photoperiod and temperature had an effect on the induction of diapause in strains of Manduca sexta (L.) from California and Kentucky. Shorter photophases and/or lower temperatures were needed to produce similar percentages of diapause in the California compared with the Kentucky strain, although both strains were collected for colonization from approximately the same latitudes (35 to 38°N). Temperatures of 29°C or higher inhibited diapause in much of the Kentucky strain when reared under 12- or 13-hour photophases, while few to none of the California strain reared at such temperatures and photophases of 10, 12, or 13 hours exhibited diapause. Low temperature (19°C) and a 12-hour photophase resulted in induction of diapause in almost all of the California strain. A high temperature (31°C) during the photo phase and a low temperature (21°C) in the scotophase resulted in 100% diapause in the Kentucky strain and 81% diapause in the California strain when reared in a 12L:12D photoperiod.
Prediction of the Protein O-glycosylation by Kernel Principal Component Analysis and Support Vector Machines

To improve the prediction accuracy of O-glycosylation sites,a new method of KPCA+ISVM was proposed. The samples for experiment were encoded by the sparse coding with window size w=21,kernel principal components (feature) were extracted by kernel principal component analysis(KPCA),then the prediction (classification) was done in feature space by improved support vector machines (ISVM). When using ISVM,a bound coefficient α c was defined to reduce the complexity of model. The results of experiment show that the performance of KPCA+ISVM is better than that of PCA + SVM and SVM. The prediction accuracy is about 87%. Furthermore,the same protein sequence under various window size(w=5,7,9,11,21,31,41,51) was investigated,and the majority-vote scheme was used to combine all the pre-classifiers to improve the prediction performance. The results indicate that the performance of ensembles of KPCA+ISVM is superior to that of pre-classifier. The prediction accuracy is about 88%.
Evaluation of Foliar Insecticides for the Control of Cranberry Fruitworm and Sparganothis Fruitworm in Cranberry, 2014: Table 1

The objective of this experiment was to assess the efficacy of insecticides currently labeled for use in cranberry (Altacor, Belay, Assail, Delegate, Imidan, Rimon, Intrepid, Closer, Confirm), softer chemistry insecticides labeled on cranberry (Grandevo and Venerate), and insecticides not currently labeled on cranberry (Movento and Exirel) on first generation CFW and SFW eggs and larvae. This experiment was conducted in a mature cranberry planting on a commercial farm near Oakdale, Wisconsin. The trial consisted of 13 main effect treatments arranged in an RCB design with four experimental replicates. Each replicate plot was …
"En bloc" excision of diabetic membranes.

We treated 16 eyes with diabetic tractional retinal detachment with a new method of surgical dissection whereby diabetic preretinal membranes and adherent posterior hyaloid were excised and removed as a single unit. This method differs from previously reported methods of diabetic membrane dissection by utilizing the posterior hyaloid to lift and immobilize the membrane as the membrane is excised with horizontally cutting scissors. The preservation of the posterior hyaloid facilitates the separation of the membrane from the retina. Fibrovascular proliferation was more completely removed and bleeding was less than with membrane sectioning techniques. The major surgical complication was posterior retinal break (seven eyes), but with near complete relief of traction all breaks were successfully treated with gas tamponade and laser photocoagulation. Thirteen retinas were completely reattached with a minimum follow-up of four months. One eye developed an extramacular tractional retinal detachment, and two eyes developed peripheral (retrolenticular) fibrovascular proliferation. Eleven eyes had 5/200 or better visual acuity.
Right and Left Accessory Renal Arteries Arising from a Common Trunk Associated with Unrotated Kidneys

AbstractWe describe a rare anomaly of the kidneys and its vessels, which was found in a white adult male cadaver. The anomaly consisted of unrotated kidneys with partially extrarenal calices and pelves. In addition to the normal vessels, each kidney received a branch from a common trunk, originating from the inferior end of the aorta.
The major stratospheric final warming in 2016: dispersal of vortex air and termination of Arctic chemical ozone loss

Abstract. The 2015/16 Northern Hemisphere winter stratosphere appeared to have the greatest potential yet seen for record Arctic ozone loss. Temperatures in the Arctic lower stratosphere were at record lows from December 2015 through early February 2016, with an unprecedented period of temperatures below ice polar stratospheric cloud thresholds. Trace gas measurements from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) show that exceptional denitrification and dehydration, as well as extensive chlorine activation, occurred throughout the polar vortex. Ozone decreases in 2015/16 began earlier and proceeded more rapidly than those in 2010/11, a winter that saw unprecedented Arctic ozone loss. However, on 5–6 March 2016 a major final sudden stratospheric warming ("major final warming", MFW) began. By mid-March, the mid-stratospheric vortex split after being displaced far off the pole. The resulting offspring vortices decayed rapidly preceding the full breakdown of the vortex by early April. In the lower stratosphere, the period of temperatures low enough for chlorine activation ended nearly a month earlier than that in 2011 because of the MFW. Ozone loss rates were thus kept in check because there was less sunlight during the cold period. Although the winter mean volume of air in which chemical ozone loss could occur was as large as that in 2010/11, observed ozone values did not drop to the persistently low values reached in 2011. We use MLS trace gas measurements, as well as mixing and polar vortex diagnostics based on meteorological fields, to show how the timing and intensity of the MFW and its impact on transport and mixing halted chemical ozone loss. Our detailed characterization of the polar vortex breakdown includes investigations of individual offspring vortices and the origins and fate of air within them. Comparisons of mixing diagnostics with lower-stratospheric N2O and middle-stratospheric CO from MLS (long-lived tracers) show rapid vortex erosion and extensive mixing during and immediately after the split in mid-March; however, air in the resulting offspring vortices remained isolated until they disappeared. Although the offspring vortices in the lower stratosphere survived longer than those in the middle stratosphere, the rapid temperature increase and dispersal of chemically processed air caused active chlorine to quickly disappear. Furthermore, ozone-depleted air from the lower-stratospheric vortex core was rapidly mixed with ozone rich air from the vortex edge and midlatitudes during the split. The impact of the 2016 MFW on polar processing was the latest in a series of unexpected events that highlight the diversity of potential consequences of sudden warming events for Arctic ozone loss.
Teaching Psychiatric Trainees to "Think Dirty": Uncovering Hidden Motivations and Deception.

Background Despite the prevalence with which trainees encounter patients who attempt to manipulate, deceive, or withhold information from them, trainees receive little formal training in “thinking dirty”—that is, incorporating elements of hidden patient motives into their interview, formulation, and plan. Lack of acknowledgment of these aspects of patient care can lead to resident dissatisfaction, negative countertransference reactions, and decreased empathy for patients. Methods In this article, the authors outline a multimodal approach used in a large psychiatry training program for teaching trainees to recognize hidden motivations and deception, which involves formal didactic teaching, process rounds, and clinical experience. Results This approach improves trainee understanding of patients’ motivations, and it allows trainees to better regulate their emotional responses to patients withholding information or deceiving them. Conclusions Formally addressing this topic in the curriculum can lead to improved patient outcomes and decreased resident burnout, particularly on high-intensity rotations.
An Empirical Study on the Correctness of Formally Verified Distributed Systems

Recent advances in formal verification techniques enabled the implementation of distributed systems with machine-checked proofs. While results are encouraging, the importance of distributed systems warrants a large scale evaluation of the results and verification practices.This paper thoroughly analyzes three state-of-the-art, formally verified implementations of distributed systems: Iron-Fleet, Verdi, and Chapar. Through code review and testing, we found a total of 16 bugs, many of which produce serious consequences, including crashing servers, returning incorrect results to clients, and invalidating verification guarantees. These bugs were caused by violations of a wide-range of assumptions on which the verified components relied. Our results revealed that these assumptions referred to a small fraction of the trusted computing base, mostly at the interface of verified and unverified components. Based on our observations, we have built a testing toolkit called PK, which focuses on testing these parts and is able to automate the detection of 13 (out of 16) bugs.
Exhaustion in University Students and the Effect of Coursework Involvement

Although researchers have examined exhaustion extensively in occupational studies, this work-specific variable-despite its widespread acceptance and negative outcomes-has received little attention in regard to university students and their coursework. Objective: The author examined the severity of exhaustion in students and the relationship between the personal/environmental variable of coursework involvement and exhaustion in university students. Participants: One hundred undergraduate business students from a large state university participated in the study. Method Summary: The author used results from other exhaustion studies for comparative purpose and correlation and regression analyses to explore the variables of interest. Results: The author found student exhaustion levels to be extreme when compared with those of traditional high-exhaustion occupations. Coursework involvement was a significant predictor of student exhaustion. Conclusions: The author discusses implications and recommendations for r...
Health-related behaviors in young military smokers.

ABSTRACT This cross-sectional study examined the association between smoking and other health-related risk behaviors, individually as well as in clusters, across branches of military service in the higher risk ages of 18 to 25 years old within the 1998 Department of Defense Survey of Health-Related Behaviors among Military Personnel. Examination of the demographic variables revealed that, in general, smokers tended to be single, white, enlisted men in the 18- to 20-year age group with less education and serving in the Army or Marine Corps. Our findings support that there is an increased likelihood of co-occurrence of substance use along with other negative health-related risk behaviors found in military members. It may be practical and necessary to develop a focused survey given to those attending smoking cessation interventions, or perhaps to smokers in general, which attempts to identify associated risk behaviors and channel clients accordingly.
Evidence basis for integrated management of mineral metabolism in patients with end-stage renal disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Treatment of mineral metabolism is a mainstay of dialysis care including some of its most widely used and costly pharmaceuticals. Although many mineral metabolites are associated with increased risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and other morbidities, few clinical trials are available to guide therapy and most focus on single drug approaches. In practice, providers manage many aspects of mineral metabolism simultaneously in integrated treatment approaches that incorporate multiple agents and changes in the dialysis prescription. The present review discusses the rationale and existing evidence for evaluating integrated, as opposed to single drug, approaches in mineral metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS Drugs used to treat mineral metabolism have numerous, and sometimes, opposing effects on biochemical risk factors, such as fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), calcium, and phosphorus. Although vitamin D sterols raise these risk markers when lowering parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcimimetics lower them. Trials demonstrate that combined approaches best 'normalize' the mineral metabolism axis in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Observations embedded within major trials of calcimimetics reveal that adjustment of calcium-based binders and dialysate calcium is a common approach to adverse effects of these drugs with some initial, but inconclusive, evidence that these co-interventions may impact outcomes. SUMMARY The multiple, and often opposing, biochemical effects of many mineral metabolism drugs provides a strong rationale for studying integrated management strategies that consider combinations of drugs and co-interventions as a whole. This remains a current gap in the field with opportunities for clinical trials.
NTRK fusion-positive cancers and TRK inhibitor therapy

NTRK gene fusions involving either NTRK1, NTRK2 or NTRK3 (encoding the neurotrophin receptors TRKA, TRKB and TRKC, respectively) are oncogenic drivers of various adult and paediatric tumour types. These fusions can be detected in the clinic using a variety of methods, including tumour DNA and RNA sequencing and plasma cell-free DNA profiling. The treatment of patients with NTRK fusion-positive cancers with a first-generation TRK inhibitor, such as larotrectinib or entrectinib, is associated with high response rates (>75%), regardless of tumour histology. First-generation TRK inhibitors are well tolerated by most patients, with toxicity profiles characterized by occasional off-tumour, on-target adverse events (attributable to TRK inhibition in non-malignant tissues). Despite durable disease control in many patients, advanced-stage NTRK fusion-positive cancers eventually become refractory to TRK inhibition; resistance can be mediated by the acquisition of NTRK kinase domain mutations. Fortunately, certain resistance mutations can be overcome by second-generation TRK inhibitors, including LOXO-195 and TPX-0005 that are being explored in clinical trials. In this Review, we discuss the biology of NTRK fusions, strategies to target these drivers in the treatment-naive and acquired-resistance disease settings, and the unique safety profile of TRK inhibitors.
Incorporating Social Factors in Accessible Design

Personal technologies are rarely designed to be accessible to disabled people, partly due to the perceived challenge of including disability in design. Through design workshops, we addressed this challenge by infusing user-centered design activities with Design for Social Accessibility-a perspective emphasizing social aspects of accessibility-to investigate how professional designers can leverage social factors to include accessibility in design. We focused on how professional designers incorporated Design for Social Accessibility's three tenets: (1) to work with users with and without visual impairments; (2) to consider social and functional factors; (3) to employ tools-a framework and method cards-to raise awareness and prompt reflection on social aspects toward accessible design. We then interviewed designers about their workshop experiences. We found DSA to be an effective set of tools and strategies incorporating social/functional and non/disabled perspectives that helped designers create accessible design.
Angiotensin-(1–7) contributes to insulin-sensitizing effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in obese mice

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduce body weight, lower blood pressure (BP), and improve insulin sensitivity in animal models of cardiometabolic syndrome. These effects are general...
Different effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles instillation in young and adult mice on DNA methylation related with lung inflammation and fibrosis.

Abstract Wide use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) as white pigments induces unintentionally release in environment which increases concerns about their adverse health effects on respiratory system. So it is crucial to get a deep understanding of the disease process and molecular mechanism. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, have been found to play a role in the development of lung diseases by affecting expression of key genes. In addition, there could be potential different toxic effects of TiO2 NPs between young and adult. Thus, the comparative toxicity of TiO2 NPs in 5-week (young) and 10-week (adult) old NIH mice is investigated in this study following nasal inhalation of TiO2 NPs at dose of 20 mg/kg (body weight)/day for 30 days. Global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in lung were measured. Promoter methylation of inflammatory genes (IFN-γ and TNF-α) and tissue fibrosis gene (Thy-1) were determined. Additional, RNA-sequencing runs were performed on the pulmonic libraries. We found the induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis were more severe in young mice. Decreased global methylation and hydroxymethylation were only found in the young group. The altered methylation in promoter of TNF-α and Thy-1 were found to play a role in the inflammatory response and fibration. RNA-sequencing showed that in pathways in cancer expression of 197 genes was up-regulated in the young mice more that in the adult mice. All these results suggested that the young ages are more sensitive to TiO2 NP exposure and the potential of abnormal DNA methylation might be used as biomarkers of both exposure and disease development.