cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Asystole Associated with Lidocaine Use in a Hyperkalemic Patient during Advanced Cardiac Life Support

A case report of fatal asystole associated with use of lidocaine in a hyperkalemic patient is presented. The patient was a 61–year-old man with a rapidly increasing serum potassium level related to acute renal failure. Ventricular tachycardia with a pulse developed twice, for which lidocaine was administered according to the American Heart Association's ACLS protocol. Both episodes were immediately followed by asystole, the second of which was terminal. Available information suggests that this phenomenon can be explained by a synergistic effect on membrane responsiveness and conduction velocity. Thus, extreme caution should be exercised in the use of lidocaine when ventricular tachycardia complicates severe hyperkalemia.
A unified formulation for generalized oilfield development optimization

Oilfield development involves several key decisions, including the number, type (injection/production), location, drilling schedule, and operating control trajectories of the wells. Without considering the coupling between these decision variables, any optimization problem formulation is bound to find suboptimal solutions. This paper presents a unified formulation for oilfield development optimization that seeks to simultaneously optimize these decision variables. We show that the source/sink term of the governing multiphase flow equations includes all the above decision variables. This insight leads to a novel and unified formulation of the field development optimization problem that considers the source/sink term in reservoir simulation equations as optimization decision variables. Therefore, a single optimization problem is formulated to simultaneously search for optimal decision variables by determining the complete dynamic form of the source/sink terms. The optimization objective function is the project net present value (NPV), which involves discounted revenue from oil production, operating costs (e.g. water injection and recycling), and capital costs (e.g., cost of drilling wells). A major difficulty after formulating the generalized field development optimization problem is finding an efficient solution approach. Since the total number of cells in a reservoir model far exceeds the number of cells that are intersected by wells, the source/sink terms tend to be sparse. In fact, the drilling cost in the NPV objective function serves as a sparsity-promoting penalty to minimize the number of wells while maximizing the NPV. Inspired by this insight, we solve the optimization problem using an efficient gradient-based method based on recent algorithmic developments in sparse reconstruction literature. The gradients of the NPV function with respect to the source/sink terms is readily computed using well-established adjoint methods. Numerical experiments are presented to evaluate the feasibility and performance of the generalized field development formulation for simultaneous optimization of the number, location, type, controls, and drilling schedule of the wells.
Résumés in the development of undergraduate engineering identity: A genre analysis with teaching implications

Undergraduate engineering students are often instructed to write engineering resumes working from models that come from different fields. As part of a project to develop stronger disciplinary instructional materials for engineering resume writers, this study investigates a way to quantify the quality of engineering resumes based both on established rubric methods and on a new "scoring" mechanism by which significant differences in the types of disciplinary discourse enacted strong, moderate, and weak engineering resumes. This study is guided through Activity Theory, such that the "rules" of writing an engineering resume are mediated not only by the general design, content, and style principles of written and visual communication, but are also mediated by the community in terms of what language and activities are most demonstrative of engineering expertise. Findings indicate that a blended approach to scoring engineering resumes may be a promising way to investigate the problem of teaching and evaluating engineering discourse by nonengineering faculty.
Chemotherapy-Associated Arrhythmias

The risk of cardiac toxicity with chemotherapy is well recognized. The most clinically encountered example is the risk of left ventricular dysfunction with anthracyclines. However, more data is emerging on the risk of proarrhythmia with different chemotherapeutic agents. For instance, some of these agents are associated with the risk of developing supraventricular arrhythmia and atrial fibrillation. Although other antineoplastic agents are associated with significant risk of ventricular arrhythmia and QT prolongation. In this chapter, we will review the available data on this topic and classify it on the basis of the strength of clinical evidence.
Mouse DNA polymerase ι lacking the forty-two amino acids encoded by exon-2 is catalytically inactive in vitro.

Abstract In 2003, we reported that 129-derived strains of mice carry a naturally occurring nonsense mutation at codon 27 of the Poli gene that would produce a polι peptide of just 26 amino acids, rather then the full-length 717 amino acid wild-type polymerase. In support of the genomic analysis, no polι protein was detected in testes extracts from 129X1/SvJmice, where wild-type polι is normally highly expressed. The early truncation in polι occurs before any structural domains of the polymerase are synthesized and as a consequence, we reasoned that 129-derived strains of mice should be considered as functionally defective in polι activity. However, it has recently been reported that during the maturation of the Poli mRNA in 129-derived strains, exon- 2 is sometimes skipped and that an exon-2-less polι protein of 675 amino acids is synthesized that retains catalytic activity in vitro and in vivo . From a structural perspective, we found this idea untenable, given that the amino acids encoded by exon-2 include residues critical for the coordination of the metal ions required for catalysis, as well as the structural integrity of the DNA polymerase. To determine if the exon-2-less polι isoform possesses catalytic activity in vitro , we have purified a glutathione-tagged full-length exon-2-less (675 amino acid) polι protein from baculovirus infected insect cells and compared the activity of the isoform to full-length (717 amino acid) GST-tagged wild-type mouse polι in vitro . Reaction conditions were performed under a range of magnesium or manganese concentrations, as well as different template sequence contexts. Wild-type mouse polι exhibited robust characteristic properties previously associated with human polι’s biochemical properties. However, we did not detect any polymerase activity associated with the exon-2-less polι enzyme under the same reaction conditions and conclude that exon-2-less polι is indeed rendered catalytically inactive in vitro .
SA-based localization algorithm for wireless sensor network

Positioning of wireless sensor network node is essentially an optimization problem of measurements based on different distance or path. In the discussion of simulated annealing algorithm and node location of wireless sensor networks, proposed localization algorithm and its realization based on simulated annealing combined with the objective function. Simulation results show that the algorithm achieved good results.
Moving beyond Skin-Deep

The skin is an essential organ with diverse functions. A deep molecular understanding to the biology of skin can offer explanations to many dermatological diseases. Furthermore, the skin perhaps serves the best model for cell biology research ranging from adult stem cell research to general questions in cancer and in development. The skin offers a multiple advantages to be used as a model system that other tissues do not possess. Advantages of skin as a study model include: simple visualization, large size, less complex cell culture systems, and efficient physiological readouts. Here, I would address two recent findings in the field of stem cell biology using the skin as model system, and this might bring forward revolutionary outcomes in the biomedical field.
Glutamine drives glucose-independent TCA cycle

Methods: We used high-field NMR, in parallel with GC-MS, and direct infusion nanospray FT-ICR-MS as well as stable isotoperesolved metabolomics to trace the fate of 13C and 15N from labeled glucose or glutamine in the P493 human B lymphoma under aerobic, hypoxic glucose-deprived conditions. Levels of specific enzymes, which are involved in glucose and glutamine metabolism, were determined by immunoblotting and LC-MRM-MS and compared with the metabolomic profiles.
Krafft Temperature of Cesium Dodecylsulfate Solutions at High Concentration

Polarized transmitted light observation was used to examine the Krafft point temperature of cesium dodecylsulfate (CsDS) in water over a wide range of concentrations. CsDS shows an elevated Krafft temperature compared to that of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Unlike SDS, the CsDS solubility temperature remains virtually constant at high concentration. Also, the stable birefringent liquid crystal appears at a much lower concentration for CsDS than for SDS, and the concentration window of its coexistence with isotropic micellar solution is broader.
Persistent memcached: bringing legacy code to byte-addressable persistent memory

We report our experience building and evaluating pmemcached, a version of memcached ported to byte-addressable persistent memory. Persistent memory is expected to not only improve overall performance of applications' persistence tier, but also vastly reduce the "warm up" time needed for applications after a restart. We decided to test this hypothesis on memcached, a popular key-value store. We took the extreme view of persisting memcached's entire state, resulting in a virtually instantaneous warm up phase. Since memcached is already optimized for DRAM, we expected our port to be a straightforward engineering effort. However, the effort turned out to be surprisingly complex during which we encountered several non-trivial problems that challenged the boundaries of memcached's architecture. We detail these experiences and corresponding lessons learned.
Paleoecological implications of two closely associated egg types from the Upper Cretaceous St. Mary River Formation, Montana

Abstract Two closely associated egg types occur at the same locality in the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) St. Mary River Formation in north central Montana. These specimens represent the first fossil eggs described from this formation. At least fifteen small ovoid eggs or egg portions are scattered through a 25 cm interval of rock. Five significantly larger, round eggs overlie these smaller eggs and are in close proximity to one another on a single bedding plane. The best preserved egg of the smaller size measures 36 mm × 62 mm and exhibits the prismatic, two-layered eggshell structure of a theropod egg. The dispersed distribution and inconsistent angles of these small eggs likely resulted from disturbance by subsequent nesting activity and/or possibly nest predation. At least twelve additional small prismatic eggs also occur at this site. We assign the small eggs as a new oogenus and oospecies, Tetonoolithus nelsoni , within the Prismatoolithidae. The large round eggs measure 130 mm in diameter and the eggshell displays substantial diagenetic alteration. These eggs likely belonged to a hadrosaur due to their similarity in egg size, shape, and eggshell thickness to Maiasaura eggs from the stratigraphically lower Two Medicine Formation. Eggs at different stratigraphic levels at this site indicate that conditions favorable to both dinosaur species persisted for an extended period of time. However, determining whether these dinosaurs occupied the nesting site at the same or different years remains beyond the resolution of the rock record.
The Panic Figure and the Psychopath: A Psychical Correspondence

In Mindhunter , Douglas (1996) promotes his idea of criminal profiling as superior to psychiatric evaluation by relating an interview with a repeat offender, Gary Trapnell: “He [Trapnell] said that if I gave him a copy of the current edition of DSM, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, and pointed to any condition … he could convince any psychiatrist that he was genuinely suffering from the affliction,” an event that led Douglas to create the Crime Classification Manual (CCM) (pp. 346–347).
Fitness Trends and Disparities Among School-Aged Children in Georgia, 2011-2014.

Objectives:Although FitnessGram fitness data on aerobic capacity and body mass index (BMI) have been collected in public schools in Georgia since the 2011-2012 school year, the data have not been a...
Next generation of immune checkpoint therapy in cancer: new developments and challenges

Immune checkpoints consist of inhibitory and stimulatory pathways that maintain self-tolerance and assist with immune response. In cancer, immune checkpoint pathways are often activated to inhibit the nascent anti-tumor immune response. Immune checkpoint therapies act by blocking or stimulating these pathways and enhance the body’s immunological activity against tumors. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule-4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1), and programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1) are the most widely studied and recognized inhibitory checkpoint pathways. Drugs blocking these pathways are currently utilized for a wide variety of malignancies and have demonstrated durable clinical activities in a subset of cancer patients. This approach is rapidly extending beyond CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1. New inhibitory pathways are under investigation, and drugs blocking LAG-3, TIM-3, TIGIT, VISTA, or B7/H3 are being investigated. Furthermore, agonists of stimulatory checkpoint pathways such as OX40, ICOS, GITR, 4-1BB, CD40, or molecules targeting tumor microenvironment components like IDO or TLR are under investigation. In this article, we have provided a comprehensive review of immune checkpoint pathways involved in cancer immunotherapy, and discuss their mechanisms and the therapeutic interventions currently under investigation in phase I/II clinical trials. We also reviewed the limitations, toxicities, and challenges and outline the possible future research directions.
The use of digital-image correlation to investigate the cohesive zone in a double-cantilever beam, with comparisons to numerical and analytical models

Abstract Digital-image correlation (DIC) is used to analyze an adhesively-bonded double-cantilever beam (DCB), and to determine the traction-separation law for a cohesive-zone model. The issues involved with how to extract useful information from the digital data of DIC are addressed. In addition, DIC is used to explore how the cohesive zone evolves, and to determine how the elastic arms deform in response to the loading and to the adhesive. The results of these observations are compared to numerical and analytical models for the DCB geometry. In particular, the well-known concept of root rotation is demonstrated. It is shown that, by combining the effects of shear into an effective root rotation, it is possible to use a simple Euler-beam approximation to describe the compliance of the DCB. The experiments and analysis also illustrate the lesser-known concept that significant compression can occur beyond the tensile region in the cohesive zone ahead of a DCB crack tip. Therefore, for accurate numerical predictions, a cohesive-zone model must incorporate compressive deformation. The DIC results are further used to illustrate the concept of a cohesive-length scale. This is defined in terms of the work done against crack-tip tractions, the opening displacement, the stiffness of the arms, and a characteristic geometrical length. The cohesive-length scale is measured experimentally in this paper, and its magnitude is shown to indicate when linear elasticity can be used to describe the deformation of a DCB geometry. The cohesive-length scale is shown to correlate with both the root rotation and the length of a cohesive zone in a fashion that is very similar to what is predicted analytically by elastic-foundation models. Finally, it is demonstrated that, when used in a cohesive-zone model of the geometry, the experimentally determined traction-separation law gives excellent predictions for the evolution of the cohesive zone and for the deformation of the elastic beams. A very minor discrepancy is associated with in-plane tensile stresses that must develop within an adhesive layer in response to the deformation of the beams.
Reproductive Strategies: Eat Your Kids to Restart Your Sex Life.

Summary A recent study shows that filial cannibalism is not merely a desperate survival tactic for hungry fathers. Rather, brood destruction triggers sexual physiology, enabling males to restart courtship with new partners. Like abandonment and infanticide by males and females across taxa, cannibalism generates evolutionary conflict between fathers, mothers, and offspring.
Brexpiprazole for the maintenance treatment of adults with schizophrenia: an evidence-based review and place in therapy

The purpose of this review is to describe the available data for brexpiprazole in the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia. This objective was completed by searching the databases PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify relevant study results presented as papers or abstracts. In summary, brexpiprazole is a new agent in the D2 partial agonist class that has a unique receptor-binding profile, based in part on high affinity for serotonin 5HT1A and 5HT2A receptors, paired with lower intrinsic activity at dopamine D2 receptors. The average dose used in efficacy and safety studies for the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia ranged from 3.0 and 3.1 mg in the open-label safety studies to 3.6 mg in the double-blind randomized relapse-prevention study. Highlights from the 52-week double-blind placebo-controlled relapse-prevention trial evidenced rates of relapse in the brexpiprazole group of 13.5% vs 38.5% in the placebo group (number needed to treat 4, 95% CI 3-8; P<0.0001). Safety data indicate that brexpiprazole is tolerated well, with rates of discontinuation due to treatment-emergent adverse events that ranged from 5.2% of those taking brexpiprazole in the double-blind maintenance phase of the relapse-prevention trial to 15.3% in a 52-week open-label safety study. In the available trials, there were relatively low rates of akathisia, and the degree of weight gain was similar to that seen in studies with aripiprazole for the treatment of schizophrenia. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores also remained relatively stable in the open-label safety studies. Available data indicate that brexpiprazole is an effective agent for the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia that is overall well tolerated.
Optogenetic reactivation of prefrontal social neural ensembles mimics social buffering of fear

Social buffering occurs when the presence of a companion attenuates the physiological and/or behavioral effects of a stressful or fear-provoking event. It represents a way in which social interactions can immediately and potently modulate behavior. As such, social buffering is one mechanism by which strong social support increases resilience to mental illness. Although the behavioral and neuroendocrine impacts of social buffering are well studied in multiple species, including humans, the neuronal underpinnings of this behavioral phenomenon remain largely unexplored. Previous work has shown that the infralimbic prefrontal cortex (IL-PFC) is important for processing social information and, in separate studies, for modulating fear and anxiety. Thus, we hypothesized that socially active cells within the IL-PFC may integrate social information to modulate fear responsivity. To test this hypothesis, we employed social buffering paradigms in male and female mice. Similar to prior studies in rats, we found that the presence of a cagemate reduced freezing in fear- and anxiety-provoking contexts. In accordance with previous work, we demonstrated that interaction with a novel or familiar conspecific induces activity in the IL-PFC as evidenced by increased immediate early gene (IEG) expression. We then utilized an activity-dependent tagging murine line, the ArcCreERT2 mice, to express channelrhodopsin (ChR2) in neurons active during the social encoding of a new cagemate. We found that optogenetic reactivation of these socially active neuronal ensembles phenocopied the effects of cagemate presence in male and female mice in learned and innate fear contexts without being inherently rewarding or altering locomotion. These data suggest that a social neural ensemble within the IL-PFC may contribute to social buffering of fear. These neurons may represent a novel therapeutic target for fear and anxiety disorders.
Mathematics Specialists as the Hidden Players in Professional Development: Researchable Questions and Methodological Considerations

This paper suggests implications for researchable questions about mathematics teacher development. We ask the following: what is necessary for research that includes mathematics specialists or other hidden school-based roles within a project beyond classroom teachers and students? Mathematics specialists (e.g. mathematics coaches, mathematics teacher leaders) support teacher learning and development using different models of school-based professional development. They can play a critical role in connecting research and practice. However, research in mathematics education has regularly neglected to examine their role in studies of professional development. We suggest there are two needs for creating and examining researchable questions about such hidden players in studies of professional development: (1) defining practices and hidden players involved in systematic school change and (2) identifying the unit of analysis and scaling up professional development. We summarize existing studies and present considerations for future research.
Adjusting the Late Policy: Using Smaller Intervals for Grading Deductions.

Most late policies involve some type of initial large deduction when an assignment is late, followed by subsequent deductions around a certain interval. In many cases, instructors will select 24 ho...
Does fixing bug increase robustness in deep learning

Deep Learning (DL) based systems are utilized vastly. Developers update the code to fix the bugs in the system. How these code fixing techniques impacts the robustness of these systems has not been clear. Does fixing code increase the robustness? Do they deteriorate the learning capability of the DL based systems? To answer these questions, we studied 321 Stack Overflow posts based on a published dataset. In this study, we built a classification scheme to analyze how bug-fixes changed the robustness of the DL model and found that most of the bug-fixes can increase the robustness. We also found evidence of bug-fixing that decrease the robustness. Our preliminary result suggests that 12.5% and 2.4% of the bug-fixes in Stack Overflow posts caused the increase and the decrease of the robustness of DL models, respectively.
Arctic aquatic graminoid tundra responses to nutrient availability

Abstract. Unraveling the environmental controls influencing Arctic tundra productivity is paramount for advancing our predictive understanding of the causes and consequences of warming in tundra ecosystems and associated land–atmosphere feedbacks. This study focuses on aquatic emergent tundra plants, which dominate productivity and methane fluxes in the Arctic coastal plain of Alaska. In particular, we assessed how environmental nutrient availability influences production of biomass and greenness in the dominant aquatic tundra species: Arctophila fulva and Carex aquatilis. We sampled a total of 17 sites distributed across the Barrow Peninsula and Atqasuk, Alaska, following a nutrient gradient that ranged from sites with thermokarst slumping or urban runoff to sites with relatively low nutrient inputs. Employing a multivariate analysis, we explained the relationship of soil and water nutrients to plant leaf macro- and micro-nutrients. Specifically, we identified soil phosphorus as the main limiting nutrient factor given that it was the principal driver of aboveground biomass ( R2=0.34 , p=0.002 ) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) ( R2=0.47 , p=0.002 ) in both species. Plot-level spectral NDVI was a good predictor of leaf P content for both species. We found long-term increases in N, P and Ca in C. aquatilis based on historical leaf nutrient data from the 1970s of our study area. This study highlights the importance of nutrient pools and mobilization between terrestrial–aquatic systems and their potential influence on productivity and land–atmosphere carbon balance. In addition, aquatic plant NDVI spectral responses to nutrients can serve as landscape hot-spot and hot-moment indicators of landscape biogeochemical heterogeneity associated with permafrost degradation, nutrient leaching and availability.
Technology Implementation in Persons With Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Maintaining independence and quality of life (QOL) is a primary goal for adults. To support this goal, assistive and interactive technology (AIT) has been implemented to improve function and mitigate disease. To assess AIT effect on QOL in community-dwelling persons with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a systematic review was performed, and articles were prepared for meta-analysis. Electronic database searches were carried out in PubMed, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsychINFO, and Web of Knowledge/Web of Science. Peer-reviewed journal articles published in English between January 2010 and February 2020 were included in the search. Studies investigated personal AIT use aimed at improving QOL (i.e. satisfaction/mood, functional ability, psychological/social function, independence). Technology was implemented in the home in everyday life. Studies were limited to those including community-dwelling participants aged 65+ with a diagnosis or report of MCI or dementia. Initial search resulted in 2624 total titles. After duplicate deletion, 1546 unique articles were identified. After title and abstract deletion, 60 articles were screened at full-text. After full-text screening, five usable articles remained. Usable studies presented: 1) a digital tablet companion, 2) a digital reminder calendar, 3) a medication-adherence bottle, 4) an automatic medication dispenser, and 5) a comprehensive tele-care computer system. These studies provide outcome measures focused on functional improvement and/or subjective QOL, informing future research in AIT implementation. Additionally, the severe paucity of applicable studies indicates a need for increased primary research on intersections between dementia and technology in the home environment.
Spatiotemporal Variations in the Connectivity of Wetting and Nonwetting Phases during Water Alternating Gas Injection

Water alternating gas (WAG) injection is a well-established technique that leverages the benefits of gas injection and waterflooding processes to improve the ultimate oil recovery. The connectivity...
Bidding Wars and The Built Environment: The Omnipresent Effect of School Quality on Housing Markets

We provide new evidence of parental demand for effective schools by exploiting shocks to school quality resulting from the continual unexpected redistricting of school attendance boundaries in Atlanta, Georgia. Using repeat-sales of the same house before and after they were redistricted, we show redistricting houses to more (less) effective schools increases (decreases) demand. Houses that are redistricted to more (less) effective schools are more (less) likely to be involved in a market-driven bidding war. Similarly, undeveloped, redistricted parcels are more (less) likely to be built on. The redistricting process also generates economically significant welfare effects that accrue to existing homeowners.
You Can Fool Some of the People All of the Time: Heterogeneity in Consumer Deception

If a firm misleads consumers about the value of its product, does it matter if some consumers are more influenced by the deception than others? We show with a simple model that the answer is a resounding yes. Harm increases unambiguously due to an increase in the heterogeneity of deception, and harm is linear in the variance (not the standard deviation) of deception, for a fixed mean level of deception. Consequently, mild differences in the distribution of deception can be important determinants of consumer harm. Furthermore, if the degree to which consumers are deceived is positively correlated with WTP, deception leads to higher prices, while if negatively correlated, deception leads to larger quantities. Firm profits tend to be maximized by distributions of deceptions with correlations that cause greater consumer injury.
Simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplant after bilateral lung transplant for a recipient with cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder. Despite optimized therapy, the majority of affected individuals ultimately die of respiratory failure. Lung transplantation is the only available therapy that deals definitively with the end-stage pulmonary disease and has become the treatment of choice for some of these patients. As patients with CF are living longer, extrapulmonary manifestations may develop including pancreatic failure, which manifests as exocrine insufficiency and CF-related diabetes (CFRD). Both of these can be managed through pancreas transplantation. We have previously reported our series of three simultaneous lung and pancreas transplants in patients with CF, which were complicated by surgical issues for both the thoracic and abdominal portions, rejection and resistant infections with disappointing long-term survival. Based on these results, a sequential approach was adopted: first, the thoracic transplant; and second, once the patient has recovered, the abdominal transplants. This is the first reported case of pancreas and kidney transplantation performed after a lung transplant in a patient with CF. It demonstrates a successful approach to treating CF with a lung transplant, and in an effort to improve the patient's long-term outcome, treating CFRD and pancreatic enzyme insufficiency, with a subsequent pancreas transplant.
Sexual Orientation and Hypertension Risk Reduction Behaviors Among Adults with High Blood Pressure.

Introduction Hypertension is a significant modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in the U.S. Evidence is emerging showing disparities in CVD risk between sexual minorities and heterosexuals. Engagement in CVD risk reduction behaviors may account for differences. We examined CVD risk reduction for hypertension between sexual minorities and heterosexuals using data from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Methods Using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses, we compared medical advice and actions taken (taking medicine, changing eating habits, cutting down on sale, reducing alcohol and exercising) to control blood pressure in sexual minority and heterosexual respondents. Analyses were conducted in 2019. Results Approximately 35% of the sample indicated being told by a health professional they had high blood pressure. Sexual minorities were less likely to report reduced alcohol intake to lower their blood pressure (AOR=.515, 95% CI=.300, .883). One sex specific difference between sexual minority women and heterosexual women was found; sexual minority women were less likely to indicate being advised by a health professional to take medications to lower blood pressure when compared to heterosexual women. Conclusions Strategies are needed to reduce alcohol consumption in sexual minority individuals. Uncovering the reasons for the lack of adherence by both sexual minority patients and health care providers can guide future interventions to improve adherence and reduce hypertension as a CVD risk.
Automated Detection of GDPR Disclosure Requirements in Privacy Policies using Deep Active Learning

Since GDPR came into force in May 2018, companies have worked on their data practices to comply with this privacy law. In particular, since the privacy policy is the essential communication channel for users to understand and control their privacy, many companies updated their privacy policies after GDPR was enforced. However, most privacy policies are verbose, full of jargon, and vaguely describe companies' data practices and users' rights. Therefore, it is unclear if they comply with GDPR. In this paper, we create a privacy policy dataset of 1,080 websites labeled with the 18 GDPR requirements and develop a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based model which can classify the privacy policies with an accuracy of 89.2%. We apply our model to perform a measurement on the compliance in the privacy policies. Our results show that even after GDPR went into effect, 97% of websites still fail to comply with at least one requirement of GDPR.
The Legal Fiction of Lake Matchimanitou Indian School

The history of the conquest of the indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere, and especially those of North America, is well documented in the academic language of historians, political scientists, sociologists, and lawyers, but these histories end with the final dispossession of lands from Indians and Indian tribes. Despite more than five centuries of conquest, Indians and Indian tribes struggle on in the modern era, mostly surrounded by non-Indians, many of them politically and socially hostile. The stories of the conflicts that arise from the continuing interaction between Indians and non-Indians are usually told from the perspective of the non-Indians. Rarely are the voices of Indians heard. As more and more Indians and Indian tribes succeed, the outcry from non-Indians demanding becomes louder.This Article is the fictional narrative of a grade school founded by an Indian tribe for the purpose of educating Indian students in an all-Indian setting with an all-Indian faculty. When the school becomes first a modest, then a spectacular, success, non-Indians slowly and insidiously take over the school for their own purposes, educating non-Indian students. The story is an allegory of the conquest of the Western Hemisphere by Euro-Americans.
Radio Emission from Solar and Stellar Flares

Flare activity on stars is an important aspect of the general question of stellar activity. The proximity of the Sun allows us to study the flare phenomenon in considerable detail. To what extent does our knowledge of solar flares carry over to those on other stars? In this brief review I consider radio emission from the Sun, classical flare stars, close binaries, and pre-main sequence objects. Simple scaling arguments are presented which show radio flares on stars are unlike those on the Sun in important respects. The reasons for this are discussed.
Evaluating Diabetes Mobile Applications for Health Literate Designs and Functionality, 2014

Introduction The expansion of mobile health technologies, particularly for diabetes-related applications (apps), grew exponentially in the past decade. This study sought to examine the extent to which current mobile apps for diabetes have health literate features recommended by participants in an Institute of Medicine Roundtable and compare the health literate features by app cost (free or not).
Modeling surface and subsurface hydrologic interactions in a south Florida watershed near the Biscayne Bay

Restoration of the South Florida ecosystem is a major undertaking for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the South Florida Water management District. The Biscayne Bay Coastal Wetlands (BBCW) Project is one component of more than 60 restoration plans and has a goal to restore or enhance freshwater wetlands, tidal wetlands, and near shore bay habitat. The primary purpose of the BBCW project is to redistribute runoff from the watershed into the Biscayne Bay, away from the canal discharges that exist today and provide a more natural and historical overland flow through the existing and/or improved coastal wetlands. In an effort to restore wetlands, several structures, and management plans and scenarios are considered. One of the plans is to deliver fresh water from the existing canals through a shallow spreader swale system that is to distribute fresh water through wetlands into the Biscayne Bay. To achieve this, a tool is needed to design this complicated shallow spreader swale system. This paper presents how a spreader swale system, which includes 1D canal network routing, 2D overland flow, 3D subsurface flow, and flow through the interface of any two sub-domains of the spreader system, is simulated with the WASH123D computer code. Brief physics-based mathematical statements and numerical strategies of the model will be given. A hypothetical example that uses topographic data for the project area will be provided to demonstrate how WASH123D can help the design of a spreader swale system. Some issues that concern the numerical convergence of the coupled flow model will also be discussed in this paper.
Evolving toward the perfect schedule: co-scheduling job assignments and data replication in wide-area systems using a genetic algorithm

Traditional job schedulers for grid or cluster systems are responsible for assigning incoming jobs to compute nodes in such a way that some evaluative condition is met. Such systems generally take into consideration the availability of compute cycles, queue lengths, and expected job execution times, but they typically do not account directly for data staging and thus miss significant associated opportunities for optimisation. Intuitively, a tighter integration of job scheduling and automated data replication can yield significant advantages due to the potential for optimised, faster access to data and decreased overall execution time. In this paper we consider data placement as a first-class citizen in scheduling and use an optimisation heuristic for generating schedules. We make the following two contributions. First, we identify the necessity for co-scheduling job dispatching and data replication assignments and posit that simultaneously scheduling both is critical for achieving good makespans. Second, we show that deploying a genetic search algorithm to solve the optimal allocation problem has the potential to achieve significant speed-up results versus traditional allocation mechanisms. Through simulation, we show that our algorithm provides on average an approximately 20-45% faster makespan than greedy schedulers.
Modeling intrinsic fluctuations in decananometer MOS devices due to gate line edge roughness (LER)

Intra-die random fluctuation outcomes inherent to fabrication processes such as gate LER give rise to corresponding fluctuations in device characteristics. These fluctuations become significant for devices with channel length less than 50 nm, a feature size rapidly approaching practical interest. At this scale, the fringe electric field and the charge confinement near the interface play dominant roles in determining MOS device properties and their fluctuations. In this work, we first characterize LER as a lognormal probability density function (pdf) in spatial frequency. Then we apply a 3D quantum mechanically corrected variational principle (VQM) to obtain closed-form expressions for standard deviation of threshold voltage and device capacitance due to LER. Our approach provides a simple physics based alternative to the presently available TCAD simulation for investigating these complex issues as functions of gate size, oxide thickness, and channel doping level.
Examining The Perceptions Of Brand Images Regarding Competing MBA Programs

In today’s economic environment, it is crucial to create a strong, consistent brand image within a graduate business program. This study examines the perceptions that students at Southeastern Louisiana University hold about its MBA program and the MBA programs of its main competitors. A focus group was conducted to indentify competitors and factors used to compare MBA programs. A questionnaire was designed and distributed and the results were analyzed using perceptual maps.
Hybrid EDF Packet Scheduling for Real-Time Distributed Systems

When multiple computational resource elements collaborate to handle events in a cyber-physical system, scheduling algorithms on these resource elements and the communication delay between them contribute to the overall system utilization and schedulability. Employing earliest deadline first (EDF) scheduling in real-time cyber-physical systems has many challenges. First, the network layer of a resource has to interrupt and notify the scheduler about the deadlines of arrived messages. The randomness of interruption makes context switch costs unpredictable. Second, lack of globally synchronized clocks across resources renders event deadlines derived from local clocks and piggybacked in messages meaningless. Third, communication delay variances in a network increase the unpredictability of the system, e.g., When multiple resources transmit message bursts simultaneously. We address these challenges in this work. First, we combine EDF scheduling with periodic message transmission tasks. Then, we implement an EDF-based packet scheduler, which transmits packets considering event deadlines. Third, we employ bandwidth limitations on the transmission links of resources to decrease network contention and network delay variance. We have implemented our hybrid EDF scheduler in a real-time distributed storage system. We evaluate it on a cluster of nodes in a switched network environment resembling a distributed cyber-physical system to demonstrate the real-time capability of our scheduler.
National Trends in the Antipsychotic Treatment of Psychiatric Outpatients With Anxiety Disorders

Prescription of antipsychotic medications during visits for anxiety disorders doubled between 1996 and 2007 among office-based psychiatrists, from 10.6% to 21.3% of visits. The nationwide data demo...
Role of data management in discipline-independent data visualization

The common data format (CDF) is described in terms of its support applications for the database management of visualization systems. The CDF is a self-describing data abstraction technique for the storage and manipulation of multidimensional data that are based on block structures. The discipline-independent approach is designed to manage, manipulate, archive, display, and analyze data, and can be applied to heterogeneous equipment communicating different data structures over networks. An improved CDF version incorporates a hyperplane access allowing random aggregate access to subdimensional blocks within a multidimensional variable. The visualization pipeline is also discussed, which controls the flow of data and permits the visualization of different classes of data representation techniques. The system is found to accommodate a large variety of scientific data structures and large disk-based data sets.
The Role of Internal Validity in Evaluation Research on Organizational Change Interventions

I am pleased to have the opportunity to comment on “Effects of Change Interventions: What Kind of Evidence Do We Really Have?” This article is a very important contribution to an issue crucial for the change and development arena. I hope this article, plus the related commentaries included in this issue of JABS, will encourage further conversation about the necessity to both rigorously evaluate organizational change interventions and deepen the field’s knowledge regarding the types and quality of evidence needed for valid assessment, theory building, and theory testing. Some time ago I wrote,
Embodying the story: Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation leadership

Informed by the growing literature on narrative and embodied approaches to the study of leadership, this article explores Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation leadership as mediated by photographs, cartoon images, and his own writings and speeches. It argues that Roosevelt embodied his story about the natural world and the place of “man” in it through five different but related roles or personas: as proponent of “the strenuous life,” as cowboy, as Rough Rider, as hunter, and naturalist. It presents a critical analysis of Roosevelt’s conservation leadership that draws upon historical research, feminist and eco-feminist critique, and concepts from the field of organizational leadership including the “Virtual Leader Construct.” As such, the article makes a contribution to our historical understanding of Roosevelt, contemporary theorizing about leadership as a narrated and embodied practice, visual and esthetic approaches to the study of leadership, and to the emerging field of environmental leadership.
Comparative analysis of the alkali-liberated components of the Hyphantria cunea and the Diacrisia virginica granulosis viruses☆

Abstract The biochemical and biophysical characteristics of the closely related Diacrisia virginica and Hyphantria cunea granulosis virus isolates were examined. Sucrose gradient sedimentation patterns of alkali-solubilized DGV and HcGV capsules were identical. The top, middle, and bottom fractions from either viral isolate were infectious when injected into susceptible host larvae. Electrophoretic analysis of alkaline-solubilized granulin extracts demonstrated that both viruses contain alkaline proteolytic activity. The major granulin protein (∼28,000 daltons) of both isolates comigrated in a SDS-PAGE. Electrophoretic separation of the virus proteins demonstrated some quantitative differences between the two granulosis viruses. The enveloped nucleocapsids and the nucleocapsids of the two viruses were morphologically indistinguishable.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Best Management Practices Using Dynamic Modeling

Structural best management practices (BMPs) have become a tool for stormwater managers to achieve water quality improvement and regulatory compliance. Existing empirical evaluation of BMP performance is valuable, but has limited applicability to predict BMP performance over extended durations under a variety of storm types. This study applies a dynamic model to simulate BMP performance over a 10-year period. The BMP model used hourly output from a calibrated and validated land-use model to evaluate two BMP types: a retention facility and a flow-through swale. The model evaluated each BMP alone and in series targeting volume, total suspend solids, and total copper. Effectiveness was based on load reduction, event mean concentrations, and frequency of exceedence of relevant water quality standards. The model predicted over 60% removal of solids and copper over most conditions; however, effectiveness was reduced during large storms and wet years. Although performance was similar based on load reduction and water quality standard exceedence, the latter was most sensitive to storm size. This study demonstrates that BMP modeling can help managers understand expected BMP performance over a range of storms, time periods, and design parameters, and, perhaps more significantly, evaluate BMPs in series.
The firearm injury reporting system revisited.

Debates on gun policy are vitriolic. Each side of the issue feels that current policy is flawed or inadequate, and consequently, the direction in which policy should move is hotly contested. Every suggestion to alter gun policy, whether the suggestion is seen as pro-gun or anti-gun, is met by its opponents with the specter of disaster. Often, it seems that there is no opportunity for agreement among those debating the issues surrounding gun policy. This especially appears to be the case when disagreement includes the basic premises on which policy would be built. However, despite fundamental differences in their viewpoints, both pro-gun and anti-gun proponents support the need for additional data and improved data collection. 1 Perhaps this rare agreement can be seized on for the benefit of all. See also p 42. In 1992,The Journalcarried the message that a national system for the collection of data on