cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Medienmanagement als Führungsinstrument

Neben dem strategischen Einsatz von Medien und Kommunikation als Instrument der Vermarktung, geht es bei Medienmanagement um Kommunikation und den Einsatz von Medien als Fuhrungsinstrument im Unternehmen. Um das herzuleiten, entwickele ich uber die vier zentralen Handlungsfelder, die Organisationen ausgestalten mussen, und den Bezug zu drei unterschiedlichen Ebenen von Kommunikation ein Modell der internen Unternehmenskommunikation. Auf dieser Basis werden dann beispielhaft zwolf Instrumente der internen Unternehmenskommunikation vorgestellt. Diese spannen den Rahmen auf, in dem Kommunikation als Fuhrungsinstrument genutzt wird: Von Vertragsverhandlungen uber Meetings zur Entwicklung einer Corporate Identity Strategie, vom Umgang mit Wissen im Unternehmen uber die Nutzung von leistungsfahigen Werkzeugen in der Projektkommunikation bis zur Anwendung von Design Thinking im Innovationsprozess. Kommunikation ist der zentrale Erfolgshebel fur die Leistungserzeugung in Organisationen und damit zugleich die zentrale Aufgabe von Fuhrung.
A continuous improvement process for health providers of victims of domestic violence.

Article-at-a-Glance Background Health care providers can play an important role in the prevention of domestic violence through established processes of identification, safety assessment, validation, documentation, and referral. In 1998 the Safe Family Project, funded by University Health System (UHS), affiliated with University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, provided for a clinical review of existing services for victims of domestic violence. A subsequent review of the health system's policy and clinical practice supported the need for resources and training and for an improved care process for victims of domestic violence. The continuous improvement process (CIP) model UHS adapted the Shewhart cycle of activities popularly referred to as PDSA (plan change, do change, study results, act on results), a systematic, process-focused approach to achieving continuous and measurable improvement, as its CIP model, and it formed a process improvement team. This process led to translation of research findings into best practice guidelines for treatment of domestic violence and staff education. Results Significant improvements were made in the overall qualitative chart reviews, although the diagnostic coding (using ICD-9 codes and e-codes) did improve. The CIP can be replicated in other settings to improve the care of victims of domestic violence. Discussion The CIP effort is being extended to outpatient facilities, and managers have requested that the training manual be replicated and placed throughout UHS as a resource manual. Other activities are intended to improve prevention of domestic violence and intervention when it occurs.
Radiologic Features and Clinical Course of Chronic Spinal Epidural Hematoma: Report of 4 Cases and Literature Review.

Background Spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) is a potentially devastating problem that requires rapid diagnosis and surgical intervention. A chronic course is rarely seen following SEH, and the clinical characteristics are quite different from acute cases. The epidemiology, clinical history, and radiologic findings of chronic SEH (CSEH) are not well understood, although the detection rate has increased with the widespread use of magnetic resonance imaging. The purpose of this article was to report 4 cases of surgically confirmed CSEH and clarify the radiologic features and clinical scenarios by reviewing all published cases of CSEH. Case Description All 4 patients presented with gradually worsening radicular pain in the lower extremities. Patients’ mean age was 69.5 years (range, 55–85 years). Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an epidural mass in the lower lumbar spine that was heterogeneously enhanced after gadolinium administration. The rim of the mass was low intensity on T2*-weighted images. Local erosions of the adjacent cortical bone were seen with computed tomography in all cases. All patients’ postoperative courses were satisfactory with complete disappearance of radicular symptoms. Conclusions CSEH is a rare disease, and it is difficult to diagnose preoperatively on the basis of diagnostic imaging. The incidence of a low-intensity rim on T2*-weighted images and bone erosions on computed tomography may help differentiate rare CSEH from other lumbar degenerative diseases and epidural space-occupying masses.
Exosome isolation and purification via hydrophobic interaction chromatography using a polyester, capillary‐channeled polymer fiber phase

Extracellular vesicles, including microvesicles and exosomes, are lipidic membrane-derived vesicles that are secreted by most cell types. Exosomes, one class of these vesicles that are 30-100 nm in diameter, hold a great deal of promise in disease diagnostics, as they display the same protein biomarkers as their originating cell. For exosomes to become useful in disease diagnostics, and as burgeoning drug delivery platforms, they must be isolated efficiently and effectively without compromising their structure. Most current exosome isolation methods have practical problems including being too time-consuming and labor intensive, destructive to the exosomes, or too costly for use in clinical settings. To this end, this study examines the use of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) capillary-channeled polymer (C-CP) fibers in a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) protocol to isolate exosomes from diverse matrices of practical concern. Initial results demonstrate the ability to isolate extracellular vesicles enriched in exosomes with comparable yields and size distributions on a much faster time scale when compared to traditional isolation methods. As a demonstration of the potential analytical utility of the approach, extracellular vesicle recoveries from cell culture milieu and a mock urine matrix are presented. The potential for scalable separations covering submilliliter spin-down columns to the preparative scale is anticipated.
Blockchains and International Business

Discusses how blockchain is transforming international business practices and relatioships. Blockchain and smart contracts are transforming international trade activities. Proof-of-concepts (PoCs), prototypes, pilot projects, and actual deployments indicate that smart contracts can bring benefits to those involved in trading.
The role of feedback in teacher mentoring: how coaches, peers, and students affect teacher change

Our study contributes to understanding teacher mentoring by exploring impacts of feedback from multiple mentoring sources as teachers with varying levels of experience learned to implement student-...
A Case Report of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Presenting with Tremors and Gait Disturbance

Author(s): Klein, Sharon; Davis, Frederick; Berman, Adam; Koti, Shruti; D’Angelo, John; Kwon, Nancy | Abstract: Introduction: Neurologic symptoms present as significant complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. This report describes a novel manifestation of tremors triggered by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.Case Presentation: We describe a case of a 46-year-old man with COVID-19 infection complicated by a bilateral intention tremor and wide-based gait. Although neurological manifestations have been reported related to COVID-19, tremulousness has not yet been described.Conclusion: Considering the evolving diversity of neurologic manifestations in this infection, emergency physicians should be vigilant of possible COVID-19 infection in patients presenting with unexplained neurologic symptoms.
Atherogenesis and Vascular Biology

Atherosclerotic disease is widely prevalent throughout the world and is a manifestation of a maladaptive response of the arterial vasculature to progressive injury. Arteries are histologically, biochemically, and physiologically complex conduits of blood that can undergo continuous structural alteration in response to cardiovascular risk factors (hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes) as well as an extraordinary range of chemical influences that promote inflammation, oxidation, and thrombosis. Atherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, extensive histologic and connective tissue alterations of the intima, media, and adventitia, and an influx of inflammatory white cells from the blood into the subendothelial space. As the inflammatory and oxidative milieu in the arterial wall intensify, foam cells and fatty streaks develop, ultimately resulting in the formation of atheromatous plaques if the inciting factors are not brought under control. Plaque enlarges and can become vulnerable to rupture from superficial erosions or thinned fibrous cap regions, intra-plaque hemorrhage, or cholesterol crystal formation. With the exposure of tissue factor and collagen, platelets are activated and can form an overlying thrombus on the plaque leading to the development of acute tissue ischemia and necrosis. Atherogenesis is a tightly coordinated process that integrates many biochemical signaling pathways both within and between cells. The progression of atherosclerotic plaque can be arrested with appropriate intervention, and if not yet calcified, plaque can be regressed. There are many gaps in our knowledge of atherogenesis, but great strides have been made in our understanding of this disease during the past three decades.
A mistaken confidence in data

In this paper I explore an underdiscussed factor contributing to the replication crisis: Scientists, and following them policy makers, often neglect sources of errors in the production and interpretation of data and thus overestimate what can be learnt from them. This neglect leads scientists to conduct experiments that are insufficiently informative and science consumers, including other scientists, to put too much weight on experimental results. The former leads to fragile empirical literatures, the latter to surprise and disappointment when the fragility of the empirical basis of some disciplines is revealed.
Cardiac Computed Tomography After Single Ventricle Palliation

Patients with a functionally single ventricle generally follow a palliative surgical pathway from stage 1 to stage 3. The first stage palliation is done during neonatal period and usually involves a Norwood procedure or systemic to pulmonary arterial shunt placement. In some centers, Norwood-Hybrid procedure with ductal stenting and branch pulmonary artery band placement is used, particularly in critically sick neonates. Stage 2 palliation involves superior cavopulmonary anastomosis and takedown of the aortopulmonary shunt. The bidirectional Glenn procedure is usually done in 4–7 months of life. Stage 3 palliation involves Fontan procedure with inferior vena cava flow directed into the pulmonary arteries. The third stage palliation is typically performed between 18 months and 3 years of age. After stage 1 surgery, systemic and pulmonary artery stenoses are relatively common. Cardiac CT is an excellent imaging modality to identify this problem and help in decision making when intervention is necessary.
Sacrum magnetic resonance imaging for low back and tail bone pain: A quality initiative to evaluate and improve imaging utility.

Sacrum magnetic resonance imaging for low back and tail bone pain: A quality initiative to evaluate and improve imaging utility
Finite Element Modeling of Binary Acoustic Fresnel Lenses

Binary acoustic Fresnel lenses (BAFLs) have recently emerged as possible replacements for spherical lenses for applications in acoustic microscopy. BAFLs are surface relief structures that are relatively easy to manufacture compared to conventional spherical lenses. While the latter requires careful grinding and polishing, the former can be easily fabricated to sub-micron dimension accuracy using existing VLSI etching technology. The term binary arises from the fact that each masking step during the lens production creates two phase levels. Therefore, a total of 2 n phase levels are created in n masking etching steps. A special case is when n = 1 (2 phase levels), which corresponds to the conventional Fresnel lens (zone plate).
Beliefs and Preferences for Medical Research Among African-Americans

Numerous factors contribute to underrepresentation of African-Americans in medical research, including beliefs, historical events, structural, and health access obstacles. This study examined beliefs about medical research and the types of study methods preferred among potential African-American research participants. A sample of 304 African-American participants from the Washington, DC Metropolitan area, completed a survey evaluating beliefs about medical research and preferred research study methods. Multiple Regression analyses were performed to examine how age, gender, and education may influence these beliefs and preferences for research study methods. The beliefs and preferences surveyed did not differ by age, gender, or educational attainment. There was an overwhelmingly favorable belief (90 %) that medical research was necessary and assists in finding a cure for a disease. Most respondents preferred participating in research related to issues with which they were familiar (e.g., diabetes, hypertension) or working with researchers of a similar ethnic background to themselves. Interestingly, though nonsignificant, those with higher levels of educational trended toward the belief that participation in research was risky. The findings of this study indicate that certain beliefs about medical research participation and preferred study methodologies reported by African-Americans did not differ by age, gender, or level of education. This information about African-American’s beliefs and preferences regarding medical research should lead to an awareness of potential gains in African-American participation through the development of culturally sensitive medical research studies and methodologies.
WE-EF-303-09: Proton-Acoustic Range Verification in Proton Therapy

Purpose: We investigated proton-acoustic signals detection for range verification with current ultrasound instruments in typical clinical scenarios. Using simulations that included a realistic noise model, we determined the theoretical minimum dose required to generate detectable proton-acoustic signals. Methods: An analytical model was used to calculate the dose distributions and local pressure rise (per proton) for beams of different energy (100 and 160 MeV) and spot widths (1, 5, and 10 mm) in a water phantom. The acoustic waves propagating from the Bragg peak were modeled by the general 3D pressure wave equation and convolved with Gaussian kernels to simulate various proton pulse widths (0.1 – 10 ms). A realistic PZT ultrasound transducer (5 cm diameter) was simulated with a Butterworth band-pass filter, and ii) randomly generated noise based on a model of thermal noise in the transducer. The signal-to-noise ratio was calculated, determining the minimum number of protons and dose required per pulse. The maximum spatial resolution was also estimated from the signal spectrum. Results: The calculated noise in the transducer was 12–28 mPa, depending on the transducer center frequency (70–380 kHz). The minimum number of protons were on the order of 0.6–6 million per pulse, leading to 3–110 mGy dose per pulse at the Bragg peak, depending on the spot size. The acoustic signal consisted of lower frequencies for wider pulses, leading to lower noise levels, but also worse spatial resolution. The resolution was 1-mm for a 0.1-µs pulse width, but increased to 5-mm for a 10-µs pulse width. Conclusion: We have established minimum dose detection limits for proton-acoustic range validation. These limits correspond to a best case scenario with a large detector with no losses and only detector thermal noise. Feasible proton-acoustic range detection will require at least 10⁷ protons per pulse and pulse widths ≤ 1-µs.
Capromys pilorides (Cuban hutias)

Indentification of the X chromosome is relatively easy, but identification of the Y is somewhat subjective. The Y is probably the longest acrocentric of the complement.
Multiple Liver Abscesses Complicating Non-Specific Chronic Ulcerative Colitis: Report of a Case

Summary The rarity of multiple liver abscesses complicating non-specific ulcerative colitis is stressed. A brief review of the related literature and previously reported cases, along with a report of another interesting illustrative case, is presented. The possible explanations for the rarity of this complication in a disease, where it might be expected to occur frequently, are discussed.
Which Types of Analyst Firms Make More Optimistic Forecasts

Research optimism among securities analysts has been attributed to incentives provided by underwriting activities. We examine how analysts' forecast optimism varies with the business activities used to fund research. We find that analysts at firms with underwriting and trading businesses are actually less optimistic than those at pure brokerage houses, who perform no underwriting. The relatively less optimistic forecasts for underwriting firms are not fully explained by bank reputation. Nor is the relative optimism of brokerage firms explained by the types of clients they serve (retail or institutional). We conclude that sales and trading activities used to fund research create strong incentives for analyst optimism.
Radiation and temperature effects on the time-dependent response of T300/934 graphite/epoxy

A time-dependent characterization study was performed on T300/934 graphite/epoxy in a simulated space environment. Creep tests on irradiated and nonirradiated graphite/epoxy and bulk resin specimens were carried out at temperatures of 72 and 250 F. Irradiated specimens were exposed to dosages of penetrating electron radiation equal to 30 years exposure at GEO-synchronous orbit. Radiation was shown to have little effect on the creep response of both the composite and bulk resin specimens at 72 F while radiation had a significant effect at 250 F. A healing process was shown to be present in the irradiated specimens where broken bonds in the epoxy due to radiation recombined over time to form cross-links in the 934 resin structure. An analytical micromechanical model was also developed to predict the viscoelastic response of fiber reinforced composite materials. The model was shown to correlate well with experimental results for linearly viscoelastic materials with relatively small creep strains.
Pax Genes and Neural Tube Defects in the Mouse

The Pax genes encode a family of transcription factors that are expressed in restricted regions of the developing embryo. Several Pax genes are expressed in the developing nervous system where they are believed to regulate the morphogenesis of neural structures. Loss-of-function mutations in the Pax-3 gene have been identified in a number of alleles of the mouse mutant splotch. In homozygous splotch embryos closure of the neural tube is defective with embryos exhibiting spina bifida and/or exencephaly. Other structures in which Pax-3 is expressed are also affected, most notably those tissues derived from the neural crest and somites.
Cyclotron autoresonance maser (CARM) oscillator experiment at 28 GHz

Experimental results on a long pulse, high frequency, cyclotron autoresonance maser oscillator (CARM) are reported. An electron gun produces a 1 μs, 450 kV, 80 A electron beam with good beam quality. A bifilar magnetic wiggler operated near the guide field resonance followed by an adiabatic compression of the guide field is used to impart transverse velocity (β ⊥ ) to the beam. A capacitive probe, located after the adiabatic compression, is used to measure the mean parallel velocity of the beam, and using energy conservation the beam pitch (α = β ⊥ /β ‖ ) is derived. The measured α values are significantly higher than the theoretical values. The interaction region is defined by a Bragg resonator designed to oscillate in the TE 11 mode at 27.8 GHz (diffractive quality factor Q D = 300). A cold test measurement of the resonant frequency of the Bragg resonator is consistent with the designed frequency. A rf power level of 1.9 MW (5.2% efficiency) has been measured in the TE 11 mode at the designed frequency; however, significant mode competition is observed between TE 11 mode and TM 01 mode. Identification of these CARM modes is made by comparison of measured frequencies with cold test frequencies, uncoupled dispersion theory and measurement of the far field radiation pattern. Operation in the TE 11 CARM mode occurred at a Doppler upshifted frequency of 2.9 times the relativistic cyclotron frequency.
Reduced SHMT2 expression and serine/glycine ratio affect mtDNA (736.7)

Maintaining proper nucleotide balance is required to avoid genome instability, for both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nuDNA). Mitochondrial deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) are ob...
Practical, stretchable smart skin sensors for contact-aware robots in safe and collaborative interactions

Safe, intuitive human-robot interaction requires that robots intelligently interface with their environments, ideally sensing and localizing physical contact across their link surfaces. We introduce a stretchable smart skin sensor that provides this function. Stretchability allows it to conform to arbitrary robotic link surfaces. It senses contact over nearly the entire surface, localizes contact position of a typical finger touch continuously over its entire surface (RMSE = 7.02mm for a 14.7cm×14.7cm area), and provides an estimate of the contact force. Our approach exclusively employs stretchable, flexible materials resulting in skin strains of up to 150%. We exploit novel carbon nanotube elastomers to create a two-dimensional potentiometer surface. Finite element simulations validate a simplified polynomial surface model to enable real-time processing on a basic microcontroller with no supporting electronics. Using only five electrodes, the skin can be scaled up to arbitrary sizes without needing additional electrodes. We designed, implemented, calibrated, and tested a prototype smart skin as a tactile sensor on a custom medical robot for sensing unexpected physical interactions. We experimentally demonstrate its utility in collaborative robotic applications by showing its potential to enable safer, more intuitive human-robot interaction.
Learning bi-clustered vector autoregressive models

Vector Auto-regressive (VAR) models are useful for analyzing temporal dependencies among multivariate time series, known as Granger causality. There exist methods for learning sparse VAR models, leading directly to causal networks among the variables of interest. Another useful type of analysis comes from clustering methods, which summarize multiple time series by putting them into groups. We develop a methodology that integrates both types of analyses, motivated by the intuition that Granger causal relations in real-world time series may exhibit some clustering structure, in which case the estimation of both should be carried out together. Our methodology combines sparse learning and a nonparametric bi-clustered prior over the VAR model, conducting full Bayesian inference via blocked Gibbs sampling. Experiments on simulated and real data demonstrate improvements in both model estimation and clustering quality over standard alternatives, and in particular biologically more meaningful clusters in a T-cell activation gene expression time series dataset than those by other methods.
Lithographically-fabricated ultrawideband phased-arrays for agile mmW connectivity

Unused millimeter-wave (mmW) bands must be harnessed to sustain the explosive growth in wireless connectivity. By 2020, more than 50 billion wireless devices are projected to be connected (Rangan, et. al., IEEE Proc., vol. 102, no. 3, pp. 366–385, March 2014). In order to sustain the quality of service (QoS) for each device connected to this Internet of Things (IoT), new signaling, transceiver and antenna technologies are being developed.
SLAC Control Room Consolidation - Software Aspects

SLAC is consolidating its two control rooms by utilizing existing control computers in each, connected by a communications link. Except for video signals, all of the controls and data of one (Central Control Room) will be sent to the operators in the other (beam switchyard control room) using this system. The paper is concerned with the software aspects of this project. The major program components are described.
Screening of Health Care Workers Before Hepatitis B Vaccination: More Questions than Answers

Excerpt Immunoassays for hepatitis B viral markers are extremely sensitive diagnostic tools. However, in the past few years several studies have raised concerns about the reliability of an isolated...
Cultural Divergence: Elie Metchnikoff's Bacillus bulgaricus Therapy and His Underlying Concept of Health

La theorie et la therapie de Metchnikoff est etudiee selon trois axes : son emergence, le rejet de son fondement theorique en Angleterre et son developpement aux Etats-Unis de 1920 a 1930
Further studies on the synthesis of RNA in vitro by enzyme-template complexes isolated from induced λ lysogens

Abstract RNA synthesized in vitro by enzyme-template complexes isolated from λ lysogens at early or late times following induction has been shown by competition-hybridization procedures to resemble messenger RNA transcribed in vivo at the same stage of viral development, and to differ from RNA made in vitro by purified Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. It is demonstrated here that RNA synthesis by such complexes involves elongation of chains which have been started in vivo , rather than initiation of new RNA chains in vitro .
Families with physically handicapped children: Social ecology and family systems.

This paper reviews research on families with physically handicapped children, and integrates this work within a social ecological perspective. Methodological difficulties in past research that contribute to a lack of consensus in the area are discussed. Research on stresses experienced by various subsystems within families with handicapped children is presented, with recommendations for future family-oriented research and intervention. The interactions of families with handicapped children with their social support networks are reviewed, underscoring the importance of these processes for coping and adaptation.
Necessary Space—Time Conditions for Human Interaction:

Key scientific and application questions concern the relationships between individual-level activities and their effects on broader human phenomena, such as transportation systems and cities. Continuing advances in geographic information science, location-aware technologies, and geosimula- tion methods offer great potential for observational and simulation studies of human activities at high levels of spatiotemporal resolution. The author contributes by developing rigorous statements of the necessary space^time conditions for human interaction by extending a measurement theory for time geography. The extended measurement theory identifies necessary conditions both for physical and for virtual interaction. The theory suggests elegant and tractable solutions that can be derived from data available from location-aware technologies or geosimulation methods. These conditions and their solutions could be used to infer the possibilities for human interaction from detailed space^time trajectories and prisms generated from observation or simulation studies.
Response of the medial rectus muscle of the cat to succinylcholine.

IN contrast to its relaxing action on most skeletal muscles, succinylcholine is well known to contract extra-ocular muscles1–3. While examining the effects of drugs on the extra-ocular muscles, it was observed that succinylcholine exerted two basically different effects on the extra-ocular muscles.
On reaction cross-sections with 14 MeV neutrons

Cross-sections with 14 MeV neutrons for light- and mediumweight nuclei are analysed in terms of the compound nucleus model. The marked regularity in (n, p) cross-sections, pointed out by Gardner and by Levkovskii, can be reproduced fairly well. A systematic trend is found in the variation of Б(n, 2n) with the neutron number of the target nucleus. This is also analysed in terms of the compound nucleus model.
Ergodicity and mixing in quantum theory. I

The approach proposed in the first part of this paper is illustrated by two examples. The first one involves the H\'enon-Heiles model. A small wave packet, initially localized in the classically chaotic region, evolves so that $〈x〉$ and $〈{x}^{2}〉$ rapidly reach their equilibrium values. The second example makes use of a pair of rotators with nonlinear coupling. The matrix elements of ${J}_{z}$, in the energy representation, are pseudorandom in the energy range which is classically chaotic, but obey selection rules in the classically regular energy range.
Temporal relationship of peroxynitrite-induced oxidative damage, calpain-mediated cytoskeletal degradation and neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury

We assessed the temporal and spatial characteristics of PN-induced oxidative damage and its relationship to calpain-mediated cytoskeletal degradation and neurodegeneration in a severe unilateral controlled cortical impact (CCI) traumatic brain injury (TBI) model. Quantitative temporal time course studies were performed to measure two oxidative damage markers: 3-nitrotyrosine (3NT) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) at 30 min, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h and 7 days after injury in ipsilateral cortex of young adult male CF-1 mice. Secondly, the time course of Ca(++)-activated, calpain-mediated proteolysis was also analyzed using quantitative western-blot measurement of breakdown products of the cytoskeletal protein alpha-spectrin. Finally, the time course of neurodegeneration was examined using de Olmos silver staining. Both oxidative damage markers increased in cortical tissue immediately after injury (30 min) and elevated for the first 3-6 h before returning to baseline. In the immunostaining study, the PN-selective marker, 3NT, and the lipid peroxidation marker, 4HNE, were intense and overlapping in the injured cortical tissue. alpha-Spectrin breakdown products, which were used as biomarker for calpain-mediated cytoskeletal degradation, were also increased after injury, but the time course lagged behind the peak of oxidative damage and did not reach its maximum until 24 h post-injury. In turn, cytoskeletal degradation preceded the peak of neurodegeneration which occurred at 48 h post-injury. These studies have led us to the hypothesis that PN-mediated oxidative damage is an early event that contributes to a compromise of Ca(++) homeostatic mechanisms which causes a massive Ca(++) overload and calpain activation which is a final common pathway that results in post-traumatic neurodegeneration.
Hashing and trie algorithms for partial match retrieval

File designs suitable for retrieval from a file of k-letter words when queries may be only partially specified are examined. A new class of partial match file designs (called PMF designs) based upon hash coding and trie search algorithms which provide good worst-case performance is introduced. Upper bounds on the worst-case performance of these designs are given along with examples of files achieving the bound. Other instances of PMF designs are known to have better worst-case performances. The implementation of the file designs with associated retrieval algorithms is considered. The amount of storage required is essentially that required of the records themselves.
An α-Glucuronidase Enzyme Activity Assay Adaptable for Solid Phase Screening

Glucuronic acid is a common chemical moiety that decorates the xylan polymer of hemicellulose. This chemical substituent impairs both enzymatic and acidic hydrolysis of xylosidic bonds. The α-glucuronidase enzyme hydrolyzes the 1,2-linked glucuronic acid from the terminal, non-reducing xylose of xylo-oligosaccharides. There are relatively few α-glucuronidase genes in the public databases. We have developed an assay with commercially available reagents that can be used to search DNA libraries for α-glucuronidase genes in a high-throughput, solid phase activity screen.
Lightweight robotic mobility: template-based modeling for dynamics and controls using ADAMS/Car and MATLAB

The U.S. Army is seeking to develop autonomous off-road mobile robots to perform tasks in the field such as supply delivery and reconnaissance in dangerous territory. A key problem to be solved with these robots is off-road mobility, to ensure that the robots can accomplish their tasks without loss or damage. We have developed a computer model of one such concept robot, the small-scale "T-1" omnidirectional vehicle (ODV), to study the effects of different control strategies on the robot's mobility in off-road settings. We built the dynamic model in ADAMS/Car and the control system in Matlab/Simulink. This paper presents the template-based method used to construct the ADAMS model of the T-1 ODV. It discusses the strengths and weaknesses of ADAMS/Car software in such an application, and describes the benefits and challenges of the approach as a whole. The paper also addresses effective linking of ADAMS/Car and Matlab for complete control system development. Finally, this paper includes a section describing the extension of the T-1 templates to other similar ODV concepts for rapid development.
Multi-electron QED in very highly charged ions

Abstract Recent advances in calculating the energy levels of few electron, very highly charged ions, in conjunction with new sources of these ions, present excellent prospects for establishing, experimentally, the nature of multi-electron quantum electrodynamic (QED) effects. Advanced spectrometer and detector design, when coupled with the new sources (e.g., EBIT, ECR, tokamak, laser and SIS/ESR) promise to extend the traditional proving grounds of high field QED from hydrogen-like ions on to He/Li-like and even Ne/Na-like ions where multi-electron effects are estimated to be of the order of 3 and 20%, respectively, for Z = 92.
Flavonoids of Oryctes (Solanaceae)

Abstract Oryctes is a rare monotypic genus of the Solanaceae. It is endemic to the western United States in Inyo County California and adjacent Nevada. Two flavonols, quercetin 3- O -rutinoside and quercetin 3- O -rutinoside-7- O -glucoside were found to be present in methanolic leaf extracts of each of the three populations of O . nevadensis sampled.
Oral cancer in women nonusers of tobacco and alcohol

A retrospective study of private surgical experience (L.J.T.) in the treatment of primary oral carcinoma was undertaken to compare the demographics, disease history, and clinical behavior patterns in women nonusers versus users of tobacco and alcohol. From a clinical group of 109 patients with oral carcinoma, an unexpectedly high percentage were women (41%, 45/109) and of these women, 31% (14/45) were nonusers of either substance. Differences were found in age (71 vs. 60 years), location of the primary tumor (0% vs. 35% floor of mouth), clinical stage at presentation (early, 80% vs. 50%), histologic parameters, clinical behavior patterns, and occurrence of secondary primaries (0% vs. 26%). The differences identified have prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Growth and characterization of InAsSb/GaInAsAb/AlGaAsAb/GaSb heterostructures for wafer-bonded thermophotovoltaic devices

InAsSb/GaInAsSb/AlGaAsSb/GaSb heterostructures were grown by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy for wafer bonding and epitaxial transfer. The InAsSb epilayer, which is used as an etch-stop layer, is the template for subsequent growth of GaInAsSb/AlGaAsSb/GaSb thermophotovoltaic device structures. Atomic force microscopy images of as-grown InAsSb epilayers exhibit extreme roughness with features that are aligned with the substrate miscut orientation. Interior InAsSb surfaces, which were prepared by selectively etching the cap layers, are atomically smooth. Thus, the InAsSb surface undergoes extensive roughening during cool down. X-ray characterization of InAsSb/GaSb/GaInAsSb heterostructures that were grown without interruption between successive layers shows that GaInAsSb material quality is maintained. GaInAsSb/AlGaAsSb heterostructures wafer-bonded to GaAs substrates with an internal reflector have enhanced optical quality compared to unbonded heterostructures.
An Explanation of the Inhibition of Root Growth Caused by Indole-3-Acetic Acid

Low concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid inhibit the growth of pea root sections by inducing the formation of the growth regulator, ethylene gas. Ethylene is produced within 15 to 30 minutes after indole-3-acetic acid is applied and roots begin to swell immediately after they are exposed to the gas. Carbon dioxide competitively inhibits ethylene action in roots, impedes their geotropic response, and partially reinstates auxin inhibited growth. It is concluded that ethylene participates in the geotropic response of roots, but not that of stems.
On professional salaries

The determinant of the salary that a man is paid for his services can involve many factors, both naturally and artificially evolved. The evaluation of a man's monetary value is particularly complex in the case of technical professionals whose product cannot easily be judged by clear-cut measures such as amount of sales made or runs batted in. In this article, data from a group of job applications from almost 30 establishments and from the results of a random sampling of faculties of more than 500 colleges and universities are analyzed. As a result, a number of biographical characteristics are identified that, on the average, affect salary levels of such professionals. In addition, a method is demonstrated for weighting the factors involved and presenting the results in a more comprehensive manner than that employed in existing salary surveys.
Reducing parasitic BJT effects in partially depleted SOI digital logic circuits

This paper presents four new circuit techniques that reduce the parasitic bipolar junction transistor (BJT) effect in digital dynamic logic circuits in partially depleted silicon-on-insulator (PD-SOI) technology. Simulation results have shown the proposed schemes to be effective at various operating voltages. Fully functional test circuits, incorporating some of the proposed techniques, have been designed, fabricated and tested in a 130nm IBM PD-SOI technology. The measured silicon hardware data validate the simulation predictions and have demonstrated that the new techniques can be easily incorporated to improve the robustness of PD-SOI dynamic logic circuits.
Evaluation of Hydraulically Applied Methoxychlor to Protect American Elms from Feeding by the Smaller European Elm Bark Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

American elm trees, Ulmus americana L., were sprayed by hydraulic sprayer with various concentrations of methoxychlor, with and without stickers, in different seasons and cities to determine chemical deposit and efficacy against Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham), a vector of the Dutch elm disease fungus. Gas-liquid chromatography assays and beetle bioassays were used to quantify methoxychlor deposits. Methoxychlor deposit was unaffected by the addition of spray sticker, but concentration, residual period, season sprayed, and skill of the spray crew significantly affected deposit.
Emulation and state-by-state variations in bankruptcy rates

Abstract This paper explores differences in personal bankruptcy rates across the American states. Particular emphasis is given to the Veblenian idea of emulative consumption where a desire to “keep up with the Jones”’ results in over-borrowing leading eventually to bankruptcy. The paper posits an empirical model that incorporates a set of standard variables mentioned in the literature and variables specifically related to emulation, income level, income distribution and urbanization. Using state level pooled data for the period 2000–2009 the paper finds that the more unequal the distribution of income in a state and the more urban the state, the greater the bankruptcy rate in the state. These basic findings point to emulative consumption behavior as an important factor in explaining differences in personal bankruptcies across the states.
New pulse sequence for long‐range two‐dimesional heteronuclear NMR chemical shift correlation

Techniques available for long-range heteronuclear chemical shift correlation are briefly reviewed. A new pulse sequence for long-range heteronuclear chemical shift correlation is described. Comparison of the results obtained using the new pulse sequence with those from conventional long-range optimized heteronuclear chemical shift correlation is presented. Total Assignments of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra of 1-benzothieno[2,3-clquinoline], the model compound used for the study, are reported.
A Prospective Randomized Comparison using MRI of Two Distinct Allogenic Tissue Constructs for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Objectives:To compare the radiographic and clinical outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using quadrupled hamstring tendon (HT) allograft vs. doubled tibialis anterior (TA) allograft.Methods:Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial (PRCT) at a single center was conducted with enrollment from 7/2010 to 4/2012. One hundred subjects undergoing primary ACL reconstruction were randomized to either HT or TA allograft (47 vs. 53, respectively). Subjects completed KOOS, IKDC, Tegner, VR-12, and Lysholm outcomes measure pre-operatively, and then post-operatively at the 6 month and 24 month time period. Arthrometric testing using KT-1000 (MEDmetric® Corporation) was applied at 6 months post-operatively. At this time patients also underwent MRI to evaluate allograft integrity and ligamentization. The signal to noise quotient (SNQ) was calculated via the Impax markup tool (Afga HealthCare®) using sagittal non-contrast T2 weighted MRI (Figure 1) as follows: SNQ = (Signal graft - Signal...
Development of a portable XBee C library and RSSI triangulation localization framework

Wireless Sensor Networks is a growing research field and researchers use a variety of wireless devices to perform radio communications. The XBee is a common wireless module that has become very popular amongst hobbyists and researchers alike due to its simple and efficient design. However, to use the XBee in complex networks, the user must construct specific packets to communicate within an XBee network. Here we will introduce an XBee C library which provides a modular, hardware-independent C library for XBee. Also using this library, we will explore establishing a framework for performing RSSI triangulation localization without the use of anchor nodes.
Rapid facile synthesis of Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystals were synthesized via thermolysis of single-source cation and sulfur precursors copper, zinc and tin diethyldithiocarbamates. The average nanocrystal size could be tuned between 2 nm and 40 nm, by varying the synthesis temperature between 150 °C and 340 °C. The synthesis is rapid and is completed in less than 10 minutes. Characterization by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirm that the nanocrystals are nominally stoichiometric kesterite CZTS. The ∼2 nm nanocrystals synthesized at 150 °C exhibit quantum confinement, with a band gap of 1.67 eV. Larger nanocrystals have the expected bulk CZTS band gap of 1.5 eV. Several micron thick films deposited by drop casting colloidal dispersions of ∼40 nm CZTS nanocrystals were crack-free, while those cast using 5 nm nanocrystals had micron-scale cracks.
Time-dependent pressure-volume relationships of the in vivo canine trachea.

Abstract The effects of changes of trachealis active tension on the time-dependent pressure-volume relationships in saline filled segments of the in vivo canine intrathoracic trachea were studied. In the vagotomized segment at zero transmural pressure, rapid injection of a small quantity of fluid into the lumen resulted in stress relaxation occurring in a 4 second time period of 23.8 ± S.D. 6.1%. Similar experiments performed under conditions where trachealis muscle active tension was increased by constant electrical stimulation of the cervical vago-sympathetic trunk gave increases in four second stress relaxation to values as high as 80%. There was a linear relationship between 4 second stress relaxation and calculated active tension of trachealis muscle. Hysteresis of the segment also was a function of trachealis muscle active tension. Little or no change in 4 second stress relaxation was seen with increases in trachealis active tension in partially collapsed segments suggesting that the viscous properties of tracheal muscle have little effect on time-dependent pressure-volume relationships under conditions where the ends of tracheal cartilages are articulating. These data support the concept that time-dependent stress strain properties of airways are primarily a result of viscoelastic or viscoplastic properties of airway smooth muscle and are markedly influenced by changes in smooth muscle active tone.
Expression and complement d activity of porcine adipsin.

To learn how signals from adipocytes might be involved in regulation of energy intake and storage, we have begun to characterize the porcine complement protein, adipsin. Adipsin was originally identified as a protein that is produced rather specifically by adipocytes, is secreted, and is nearly absent in several obese rodent models. We now report that porcine adipsin mRNA sequence is 74% identical to rat and predicts a protein that has 82 and 68% identity to human and rat forms, respectively. Porcine adipsin has none of the asparagine glycosylation consensus sites which make recombinant expression of mouse adipsin in Escherichia coli impractical. We present a method for engineering the porcine cDNA to facilitate expression by E. coli and provide a protocol for refolding and purifying porcine adipsin protein and for immunoassay. We have found that in addition to adipose tissue, adipsin mRNA is present in gut tissues. Coupled with the fact that adipsin is required for processing of complement C3a-desArg, and that C3a-desArg is a potent stimulant of fatty acid acylation in adipocytes, the production of adipsin in the gut may be related to a mechanism for adipocyte removal of lipid from chylomicrons.