cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reflections on Locke’s Platonism

Although, as my title signifies, what I am about to offer are only reflections and not a comprehensive exposition and argument, I hope to show by these thoughts that the topic, Locke’s Platonism, is neither incoherent nor empty, that in fact Platonic themes are woven into the fabric of Locke’s philosophy, most notably, I think, the basic Neoplatonic theme of procession and return, and that on account of this, it is not only proper to regard Locke as a sort of a Platonist, but pertinent to understanding his place in the history of philosophy.
Brueckner theory of nuclei

Abstract This paper reviews developments of the Brueckner theory of nuclei, starting with the multiple-scattering approach in the 1954 papers of Brueckner et al. Inevitably, the presentation represents the authors personal view on the problems. Theories rather than calculations have been emphasized. The latter depend very much upon the two-nucleon interaction which is still not known in sufficient detail. The definition of the Brueckner reaction-matrix is discussed at some length with regard to insertions in hole- and particle-lines. Lowdin's Exact Self-Consistent-Field theory that provides an exact many-body reaction matrix is given a short presentation for comparison with Brueckner's theory as applied to finite nuclei. Considerable attention has been given to the shell-model potential required for calculations on finite nuclei. The concept of single-particle energies is discussed in some detail in relation to removal energies. Some numerical results are reviewed either for illustrating the theory or because they are recent.
Urban Teachers’ Professed Classroom Management Strategies Reflections of Culturally Responsive Teaching

Thirteen urban educators teaching from 1st through 12th grade selected from 7 cities across the United States were interviewed in this qualitative research study to determine if the classroom management strategies they use reflect the research on culturally responsive teaching. Participants revealed using several management strategies that reflect culturally responsive teaching: development of personal relationships with students, creation of caring communities, establishment of business-like learning environments, use of culturally and ethnically congruent communication processes, demonstrations of assertiveness, and utilization of clearly stated and enforced expectations. Questions arise concerning the ability of teacher education programs to effectively prepare preservice teachers for successful classroom management in urban schools.
Femicide and Social Disorganization

In the United States, homicide is a leading cause of death among young women. In New York City between 1990 and 1997, although the overall number of femicides declined markedly, intimate partner femicides increased. The reason for this is unclear. Sociostructural accounts of homicide rates have traditionally focused on the importance of socioeconomic factors indicative of social disorganization. A feminist critique of this perspective suggests that such factors are less important to intimate partner femicide. Using census data on community-level sociostructural factors and surveillance data on femicides between 1990 and 1997 in New York City, the authors evaluate the relative importance of sociostructural factors in models of intimate partner and non-intimate partner femicide.
A DSP based SVPWM control for utility interactive inverters used in alternate energy systems

This paper presents a DSP based algorithm to control inverters used in interfacing alternate energy systems with the electric utility. Since a constant and ripple free DC bus voltage is not ensured at the output of alternate energy sources, the main aim of the proposed algorithm is to make the output of the inverter immune to the fluctuations in the DC input voltage. In this paper a modified space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique is proposed which will maintain the quality of the AC output of the inverter, regardless of the ripple present at the inverter input. The principle is explained qualitatively and extensive experiments have been carried out to verify and validate the proposed algorithm. A 16-bit fixed-point C2000 family DSP from Texas Instruments was used as the controller to implement the proposed control algorithm.
Vector quantization techniques for multiple-antenna channel information feedback

This paper presents vector quantization (VQ) techniques in the context of multiple-antenna systems with finite-rate feedback. For MISO systems, we introduce a new design criterion and develop the corresponding iterative design algorithm for quantization of the beamforming vector. For complexity-limited systems, tree-structured VQ is also examined and compared with the full-search VQ method. The method is extended to MIMO channels by employing a parameterization method that exploits the orthonormality in the spatial information matrix and using the MISO approach in a sequential manner. The parameterization method can also be used to develop an effective low-complexity scheme to deal with quantization of time-varying channels. Also briefly discussed is a matrix quantization method for feeding back the beamforming matrix in MIMO spatial multiplexing systems.
Diaphragmatic patch: A useful adjunct in surgical treatment of recurrent catamenial hemothorax

Although catamenial hemothorax compared to pneumothorax is a rarer clinical pre- sentation of thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES), it is more commonly associated with diaphragmatic fenestrations. These openings may serve as entry portals for peritoneal fluid to access into the pleural space thereby perpetuating recurrent pleural effusion even after prior surgical pleurodesis. We report our experience with two patients with recurrent right catamenial hemothorax after previous interventions that were subsequently treated by talc pleurodesis and goretex diaphragmatic patch, and who have had no further recurrence at a mean follow up of 15 months. We therefore recommend that diaphragmatic patch should be considered as an adjunct to talc pleurodesis in patients with recurrent catamenial hemothorax when either multiple diaphrag- matic fenestrations are seen at surgery or if there is concomitant bloody peritoneal fluid which could potentially lead to recurrence. The patch by sealing any occult pores and possible future fenestrations appear to decrease recurrent pleural effusion at an intermediate term follow up. © 2011 Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.
Associations between leisure-time physical activity and health-related quality of life among adolescent and adult survivors of childhood cancers

Objective: Survivors of childhood cancer are at an increased risk for reduced quality of life (QOL), yet few studies have explored factors associated with improving health-related QOL (HRQOL) in this population. We thus explored the relationship between physical activity (PA) and HRQOL among survivors of childhood cancer. Methods: A total of 215 survivors of childhood lymphoma, leukemia, and central nervous system cancers completed mailed surveys that elicited information regarding leisure-time PA (LTPA) measured in metabolic equivalents, HRQOL, and diagnostic and demographic factors. Correlations and adjusted regression models were used to explore the relationship between LTPA and HRQOL. Results: In the total sample, modest, yet significant linear associations were observed between LTPA and overall HRQOL (β=0.17, p<0.01), as well as each of the respective subscales (β=0.11−0.23 and p's<0.05 to <0.001). Among adolescent survivors of childhood cancer, LTPA was significantly associated with overall HRQOL (β=0.27), cancer worry (β=0.36), cognitive function (β=0.32), body appearance (β=0.29), and social function (β=0.27) (all p's<0.05). Among adult survivors of childhood cancer, LTPA was only significantly associated with physical function (β=0.28, p<0.001). Conclusions: Significant associations exist between LTPA and HRQOL; however, the association was stronger and observed in more domains for adolescent survivors of childhood cancer. More research is needed to determine the antecedents and consequences of PA in this population. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Facilities available for biophysics research at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory.

The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) is a National Facility that provides synchrotron radiation for research in the fields of biology, chemistry, materials science, medicine, physics and other scientific fields. Of the more than 2000 research proposals that have been submitted over the years from scientists throughout the United States and the rest of the world, ~30% have been in the biological sciences.
A National Agenda for America's Children and Adolescents in 2008: Recommendations From the 15th Annual Public Policy Plenary Symposium, Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies, May 3, 2008

Politicians savor “photo ops” with children—the younger the better—yet rhetoric notwithstanding, children's issues rarely rise to the top the nation's priority list. With pressing national issues, both domestic and foreign, the 2008 elections will likely continue in this pattern. A recent study from the Urban Institute estimated that children's share of domestic federal spending declined from 20.2% in 1960 to 16.2% in 2007, with another decrease projected to 13.8% in 2018 if current spending and revenue policies are continued.1 It is clear that strong and articulate advocacy is needed to reverse these trends. To this end, leaders of 5 major pediatric organizations have joined to develop a set of proposals to guide advocacy on behalf of children and adolescents in the 2008 elections. The setting was the 15th Annual Public Policy Plenary Symposium held at the annual meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies in Honolulu, Hawaii, on May 3, 2008. Presidents of the 4 sponsoring societies (American Pediatric Society, Society for Pediatric Research, Academic Pediatric Association, and American Academy of Pediatrics [AAP]) participated together with the president-elect of the Association of American Pediatric Department Chairs. Each took responsibility for addressing a specific area of interest that was refined over the preceding several months with 2 conference calls and electronic communications. Summaries and recommendations follow. ### Phyllis A. Dennery, MD, President, 2007–2008 Society for Pediatric Research In the coming years, a larger portion of the US workforce will have been raised in poverty than ever before. This bodes poorly for the productivity and future success of our nation. Because of the demand for highly skilled workers to develop and manage new technologies and the relative functional illiteracy and innumeracy of a large proportion of US workers, our labor force is weakened compared with other nations. Citizens who have grown up in poverty have diminished cognitive and social skills as well as … Address correspondence to Myron Genel, MD, Public Policy Council, Yale Child Health Research Center, PO Box 208081, New Haven, CT 06520-8081. E-mail: myron.genel{at}yale.edu
S-MEP: a planner for numeric goals

Planning for numeric goals is an important problem. Only one of the many participants from the 2002 international planning competition (Metric-FF) can effectively handle problems containing numeric goal expressions. We report on planner S-MEP (sequential more expressive planner) in this paper. S-MEP handles non-linear as well as linear expressions in preconditions, effects and goal. Metric-FF handles only linear expressions. Metric-FF ignores decrease effects of actions while computing the heuristic information. S-MEP considers decrease effects of actions while computing heuristic information. We report on empirical evaluation of S-MEP and its comparison with two versions of Metric-FF on 400 problems from linear Jugs domain, 120 problems from linear short-move-Karel domain and 120 problems from linear long-move-Karel domain. Karel domains are robotic transportation domains and Jugs domain is a fluid transfer domain. S-MEP solves many problems that neither version of metric-FF can solve.
Resolution of ground-penetrating radar reflections at differing frequencies

Ground-Penetrating Radardata that are frequency filteredwillproduceavarietyofdata sets, eachwith a differing subsurface resolution. At the site of Petra, Jordan, filtered reflection data were processed to produce discrete categories of low (200^350 MHz), middle (500^650 MHz), and high (650^ 800 MHz) frequency wave amlitudes. The high frequency reflections were especially effective in identifying construction techniques from a buried Nabataean age wall.The results suggest that post- acquisition GPR data frequency filtering may be helpfulin identifying some differencesin construction techniques and building materials in otherwise difficult to interpret subtle buried features. Copyright � 2006 JohnWiley & Sons,Ltd.
Cloud-to-stratosphere lightning discharges: A radio emission model

Recent observations of rare cloud-to-stratospheric lightning discharges suggest the events are inherently 'slow-rising', with the emitted energy reaching peak values in about 10 milliseconds. Applying a dipole radiation model, it is demonstrated that the emitted radio wave energy from such slow-rising events is strongest below about 50 Hz, and possesses a significant rolloff at higher frequencies. In the analysis, various current distributions are considered in order to determine the effect on the radio spectrum. Near 10 kHz, the emission from cloud-to-stratospheric lightning is significantly reduced as compared to the typical cloud-to-ground return stroke, with amplitudes as much as 50 dB lower. This result may explain the lack of detection of VLF signals from recently observed long-lasting discharge events.
Do human activities raise species richness? Contrasting patterns in United States plants and fishes

In a given area, human activities usually cause the extinction of native species and the establishment of non-native species. A key conservation issue is whether non-native establishment tends to outpace native species extinction to produce a net gain in species richness. To determine this, empirical data must be accumulated at various scales. I show that, within the United States, the number of established non-native plant species per state does tend to outpace the number of extinct and threatened species per state. The net gain in plant species is strongly and positively correlated with human population density. Continuation of this trend predicts substantial gains in net plant species richness for all states in the United States as human population grows. This contrasts with freshwater fishes, where most states show a net loss of species diversity as extinct and threatened species exceed established non-native species. Changes in fish diversity do not correlate strongly with human population or non-native species but are largely driven by the decline of native fish species.
Comparative investigations of gluten proteins from different wheat species I. Qualitative and quantitative composition of gluten protein types

In contrast to the hexaploid common (bread) wheat, little information is available on the qualitative and quantitative compositions of gluten proteins from other cultivated wheat species. Therefore, representatives of hexaploid spelt, tetraploid durum wheat and emmer, and diploid einkorn were compared with three classes of common wheat (winter wheat, spring wheat, wheat rye hybrid). The flours were extracted to yield total endosperm proteins and the gluten protein fractions (gliadins and glutenin subunits). The extracts were characterised using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reversed-phase HPLC; both methods revealed that gluten protein groups and types known from common wheat (ω-, α-, γ-gliadins, HMW and LMW subunits of glutenin) were present in all species. The HPLC platterns of gliadins and glutenin subunits from species with the same genome composition (common wheat/spelt or durum wheat/emmer) were related, and those of einkorn quite different. According to the quantities determined by reversed-phase HPLC, α-gliadins were predominant in most cases, followed by γ-gliadins and LMW subunits; ω-gliadins and HMW subunits were generally minor components. Common wheats were characterised by the highest proportions of total glutenins and HMW subunits, which are known to be important for breadmaking quality. Moreover, the lower ratio of gliadins to glutenins was typical. Emmer had the lowest proportions of total glutenins and of HMW and LMW subunits, together with einkorn the highest proportion of α-gliadins, and, by far, the highest ratio of gliadins to glutenins. The values for spelt and durum wheat were mostly in a medium range between common wheats, emmer, and einkorn, respectively. Amongst common wheats, spring wheat was characterised by more balanced quantities of α- and γ-gliadins, and wheat rye hybrid by the highest proportions of ω-gliadins.
Volatile-organic molecular characterization of shale-oil produced water from the Permian Basin

Growth in unconventional oil and gas has spurred concerns on environmental impact and interest in beneficial uses of produced water (PW), especially in arid regions such as the Permian Basin, the largest U.S. tight-oil producer. To evaluate environmental impact, treatment, and reuse potential, there is a need to characterize the compositional variability of PW. Although hydraulic fracturing has caused a significant increase in shale-oil production, there are no high-resolution organic composition data for the shale-oil PW from the Permian Basin or other shale-oil plays (Eagle Ford, Bakken, etc.). PW was collected from shale-oil wells in the Midland sub-basin of the Permian Basin. Molecular characterization was conducted using high-resolution solid phase micro extraction gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Approximately 1400 compounds were identified, and 327 compounds had a >70% library match. PW contained alkane, cyclohexane, cyclopentane, BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene), alkyl benzenes, propyl-benzene, and naphthalene. PW also contained heteroatomic compounds containing nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. 3D van Krevelen and double bond equivalence versus carbon number analyses were used to evaluate molecular variability. Source composition, as well as solubility, controlled the distribution of volatile compounds found in shale-oil PW. The salinity also increased with depth, ranging from 105 to 162 g/L total dissolved solids. These data fill a gap for shale-oil PW composition, the associated petroleomics plots provide a fingerprinting framework, and the results for the Permian shale-oil PW suggest that partial treatment of suspended solids and organics would support some beneficial uses such as onsite reuse and bio-energy production.
EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES FOR CONTROL OF TURNIP APHID ON TURNIP, 2000

Turnip ‘Purple Top’, was planted 3 km west of Webbers Falls, OK, on 10 Apr. Plots consisted of a single row 6 ft wide and 50 ft long. Experimental design was an RCB with four replications. Treatments were applied 2 May with a CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer equipped with 3 Tee Jet 80015 nozzles calibrated to deliver 23 gpa at 40 psi. All treatments included Thoroughbred surfactant at 0.25%. Insecticide effectiveness was assessed by rating the number of turnip aphids on each of 15 randomly selected plants per plot at 3 DAT. The rating scale was 0 aphids per plant = 0, 1 25 = 1, 26 50 = 2, 51 100 = 3, 101 250 = 4, >250 = 5.
The Girl Child A Review of the Empirical Literature

This article presents a critical synthesis of the empirical literature on the girl child. The often-cited issues faced by this population include the lack of access to education and health care, commercial sexual exploitation, and harmful cultural practices such as female genital mutilation and forced marriage. Despite frequent accounts cited in the literature, there has been no prior comprehensive review of issues encountered by the girl child or accompanying solutions. Adopting the systematic review method, the authors examine 16 empirical studies in relation to their geographic settings, definitions of the girl child, research methods, issues explored, and findings. Recommendations for future research are offered.
Diethylstilbestrol-Induced Upper Genital Tract Abnormalities

In utero diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure has recently been associated with apparently unique abnormalities of the upper genital tract. Utilizing a standardized technique of hysterosalpingography (HSG) and a linear planimeter, the following measurements were made in a group of 13 DES-exposed women and compared with a control group of 22 women undergoing HSG during infertility investigations (mean ± standard error: endometrial cavity area, 323.23 ± 32.13 sq mm versus 626.56 ± 52.75 sq mm; endometrial cavity circumference, 128.65 ± 5.08 mm versus 140.52 ± 5.56 mm; upper uterine segment length, 28.80 ± 1.11 mm versus 38.03 ± 1.81 mm; lower uterine segment length, 36.03 ± 4.77 mm versus 42.24 ± 2.39 mm; intercornual distance, 36.40 ± 2.56 mm versus 38.25 ± 1.58 mm; internal os diameter, 3.90 ± 0.44 mm versus 4.43 ± 0.23 mm; widest diameter of the endocervical canal, 3.78 ± 0.40 mm versus 9.39 ± 0.60 mm; isthmic tubal diameter, 125 ± 0.08 mm versus 120 ± 0.01 mm; ampullary tubal diameter, 4.79 ± 0.43 mm versus 4.65 ± 0.22 mm. The endometrial cavity area, upper uterine segment, and endocervical canal measurements were significantly smaller in the DES-exposed group (P
Geomorphic adjustment to hydrologic modifications along a meandering river: Implications for surface flooding on a floodplain

Abstract Responses of large regulated rivers to contemporary changes in base level are not well understood. We used field measurements and historical analysis of air photos and topographic maps to identify geomorphic trends of the lower White River, Arkansas, USA, in the 70 years following base-level lowering at its confluence with the Mississippi River and concurrent with flood control by dams. Incision was identified below a knickpoint area upstream of St. Charles, AR, and increases over the lowermost ~90 km of the study site to ~2 m near the confluence with the Mississippi River. Mean bankfull width increased by 30 m (21%) from 1930 to 2010. Bank widening appears to be the result of flow regulation above the incision knickpoint and concomitant with incision below the knickpoint. Hydraulic modeling indicated that geomorphic adjustments likely reduced flooding by 58% during frequent floods in the incised, lowermost floodplain affected by backwater flooding from the Mississippi River and by 22% above the knickpoint area. Dominance of backwater flooding in the incised reach indicates that incision is more important than flood control on the lower White River in altering flooding and also suggests that the Mississippi River may be the dominant control in shaping the lower floodplain. Overall, results highlight the complex geomorphic adjustment in large river-floodplain systems in response to anthropogenic modifications and their implications, including reduced river-floodplain connectivity.
Marketing Differences Between High and Low Performing Firms

As the pressure to cut costs and thereby increase profitability mounts, all aspects of a business will come under close scrutiny. Marketing managers will need to undertake a thorough analysis of their various activities to determine which to retain, which to reduce, and which to eliminate. In most cases, the activities which are shown to positively impact performance will be the ones which will be continued. This study investigated high and low performing firms in order to determine which marketing variables were associated with higher performance. It was found that market research and product quality were emphasized by high performers. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Amblyopia Therapy and Occlusion Regimens

Occlusion remains the mainstay of treatment for amblyopia, including that caused by unilateral congenital cataracts (UCC). In the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS) patching was prescribed for all children from the time of cataract extraction until 60 months of age. In this chapter we describe our methods for assessing adherence to occlusion therapy, factors that predict adherence in this population, and the association between adherence and visual acuity at 12 months of age and at 54 months of age. Our results suggest that quantitative estimates of adherence to occlusion can be obtained using diaries and telephone interviews and that adherence accounts for 10–15 % of the observed variance in visual acuity at 4½ years of age.
Inhibition of alpha-synuclein aggregation by multifunctional dopamine agonists assessed by a novel in vitro assay and an in vivo Drosophila synucleinopathy model

Aggregation of alpha synuclein (α-syn) leading to dopaminergic neuronal death has been recognized as one of the main pathogenic factors in the initiation and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Consequently, α-syn has been targeted for the development of therapeutics for PD. We have developed a novel assay to screen compounds with α-syn modulating properties by mimicking recent findings from in vivo animal studies involving intrastriatal administration of pre-formed fibrils in mice, resulting in increased α-syn pathology accompanying the formation of Lewy-body (LB) type inclusions. We found that in vitro generated α-syn pre-formed fibrils induce seeding of α-syn monomers to produce aggregates in a dose-and time-dependent manner under static conditions in vitro. These aggregates were toxic towards rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12). Our novel multifunctional dopamine agonists D-519 and D-520 exhibited significant neuroprotection in this assay, while their parent molecules did not. The neuroprotective properties of our compounds were further evaluated in a Drosophila model of synucleinopathy. Both of our compounds showed protective properties in fly eyes against the toxicity caused by α-syn. Thus, our in vitro results on modulation of aggregation and toxicity of α-syn by our novel assay were further validated with the in vivo experiments.
Blogging as an Innovative Method of Peer-to-Peer Educational Sharing

Background Nurses in the cardiac intensive care unit often attend professional education opportunities. However, it is difficult to share this information among nursing staff. Varying schedules, different shifts, and patient acuity limit the amount of time available for peer-to-peer sharing of educational information. A review of the literature revealed scant research on blogging for peer-to-peer education in general and particularly in nursing. Objectives To explore nurses' perception of the effectiveness of using a blog as a forum to provide peer-to-peer sharing of relevant professional education. Methods Using a simple, free blogging website, the unit's nursing practice council developed a private blog for educational information sharing among the nursing staff. An online survey was administered to the unit's staff 15 months after the blog was implemented. Results Most respondents indicated that they thought the blog is an effective way to share professional education (86%), keeps them abreast of evidence-based practice (81%), and has led to practice change (59%). Nearly 80% of respondents agreed that they are more likely to attend professional conferences, and 62% would consider contributing blog posts. Conclusion The survey results suggest that blogging may be an effective method of peer-to-peer sharing of education, although more rigorous research is required in this area.
Aligned MoO2/MoS2 and MoO2/MoTe2 Freestanding Core/Shell Nanoplates Driven by Surface Interactions

Controlling the growth of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is an important step toward utilizing these materials for either electronics or catalysis. Here, we report a new surface-templated growth method that enables the fabrication of MoO2/MoS2 and MoO2/MoTe2 core/shell nanoplates epitaxially aligned on (0001)-oriented 4H-silicon carbide and sapphire substrates. These heterostructures are characterized by a variety of techniques to identify the chemical and structural nature of the interface. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the nanoplates feature 3-fold symmetry indicative of epitaxial growth. Raman spectroscopy indicates that the MoO2/MoS2 nanoplates are composed of co-localized MoO2 and MoS2, and transmission electron microscopy confirms that the nanoplates feature MoO2 cores with 2D MoS2 coatings. Locked-coupled X-ray diffraction shows that the interfacial planes of the MoO2 nanoplate cores belong to the {010} and {001} families. This method may be further generali...
Is having o blood type a risk factor for fibromyalgia syndrome? The importance of nutrition in fibromyalgia syndrome

Aim: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) is characterized with diﬀuse pain and sensitivity at specifc anatomical points and occurs together with mood, sleep and cognitive disorders. Life quality of the patients was destroyed and this situation creates an important economical issue in the medical care system. According to diﬀerent antigens placed on the surface of red blood cells, there are four diﬀerent blood type groups such as A, B, O and AB. To give nutritional recommendations for diﬀerent blood types became one of the most popular topics in last decades. In this study, we investigated the link between FS and ABO blood types. Methods: In this study, we included 200 female patients with FS diagnosis (according to American College of Rheumatology, 2010 criteria) who visited our Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic between July 2015 and December 2015. The patients’ age, blood group, Rh antigen system were saved. Control group was also formed from 185 volunteer healthy female patients. P<0.05 was evaluated as statistically signifcant. Results: In our study, age distribution of FS group (N=200) was 40.6±10.8 and for control group (N=185), it was 43.0±14.8. In the control group, 58 people was A type (%31,4), 29 people was B type (%15.7), 23 people was AB type (%12.4) and 75 people (40.5%) was O type blood group according to ABO classifcation system. In the FS group, 60 people was A type (%30), 21 people was B type (%10.5), 10 people was AB type (%5) and 109 people (54.5%) was O type blood group according to ABO classifcation system. In both groups, a statistically signifcant diﬀerence was observed (p=0.03). There were more O type blood group carrying patients were detected in FS group. Conclusion: Most of the treatments used for FS are not eﬀective. In order to decrease oxidative stress, weight management, nutritional condition, diet and nutrition supplement are important in these patients. To see more O type carrying people in FS group will guide us for etiopathogenesis, monitoring, clinical follow and treatment.
Global coverage imaging spectroscopy

The Earth is arguably the most complex object in the solar system, both in terms of the diversity of materials and compounds as well as the diversity of processes occurring in the Earth system. Comprehensive global measurements are required to investigate, understand and model this complex system that includes processes within and between the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and atmosphere. Key constituents and processes of the Earth system can be measured and monitored with imaging spectroscopy in the Visible to Shortwave Infrared (VSWIR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum from 380 to 2510 nm with ≤10 nm and spatial sampling of 30 m. This paper presents key science contributions and an approach for a near term global Earth imaging spectroscopy measurement.
Transmission of shocks across global real estate and equity markets: An examination of the 2007–2008 housing crisis

This study analyses the impact of the 2007–2008 U.S. financial crisis on the structure of interdependence among several major global real estate and equity markets. Moreover, it performs a step-by-...
Does oral language underpin the development of later behavior problems? A longitudinal meta-analysis.

Objective The purpose of this article is to estimate the overall weighted mean effect of the relation between early language skills and later behavior problems in school-aged children. Method A systematic literature search yielded 19,790 unduplicated reports, and a structured search strategy and identification procedure yielded 25 unique data sets, with 114 effect sizes for analysis. Eligible reports were then coded, and effect sizes were extracted and synthesized via robust variance estimation and random-effects meta-analytic techniques. Results The overall correlation between early language and later behavior problems was negative and small (r = -.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-.16, -.11]), and controlling for demographic variables did not reduce the magnitude of the inverse relationship between language skill and problem behavior (r = -.16). Moderator analyses identified receptive language, parent-reported behavior measures, gender, and age as significant predictors of the association between language and behavior. Conclusion This article corroborates the consistent findings of previous meta-analytic and longitudinal studies and further identifies areas, particularly around measurement, for future research. Furthermore, prospective longitudinal evaluations of the relations between language deficits and behavior problems with different types of measures (teacher-/parent-report, direct assessment, classroom observation) is warranted. (PsycINFO Database Record
A Workload Comparison During Anatomical Training with a Physical or Virtual Model

Recent research argues for the supplementation of traditional anatomical training with emerging three-dimensional visualization technologies (3DVTs); however, little is known regarding the effect these technologies have on learner workload. In this experiment, sixty-one participants studied gross brain anatomy using either a plastic physical model (PM; n = 29) or models presented in virtual reality (VR; n = 32). Participants were fitted with a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) sensor, worn on the prefrontal cortex. fNIRS measures regional saturation of oxygen (RSO2) and is indicative of workload. Participants then completed a pre-knowledge test on human brain anatomy. Participants were given 10 min to use the provided 3DVT to study 16 anatomical brain structures. Following the study period, participants completed additional surveys measuring workload, newly acquired anatomical knowledge, and cognitive resources used. Overall, anatomical knowledge increased at post-test and the change was no different between PM and VR conditions. Participants in the PM condition reported significantly higher levels of spatial workload, mental demand, and frustration. RSO2 values suggest left hemispheric increases from baseline during learning for the VR condition, but decreases for the PM condition. No other measures revealed differences between the two conditions. These results provide support for the supplementation of traditional anatomical training techniques with virtual reality technology as a way of alleviating workload. Further research is needed to explain the link between workload and performance in anatomical knowledge acquisition.
Efficacy of ultraviolet light for reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 in unpasteurized apple cider.

This study examined the efficacy of UV light for reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 in unpasteurized cider. Cider containing a mixture of acid-resistant E. coli O157:H7 (6.3 log CFU/ml) was treated using a thin-film UV disinfection unit at 254 nm. Dosages ranged from 9,402 to 61,005 μW-s/cm2. Treatment significantly reduced E. coli O157:H7 (P ≤ 0.0001). Mean reduction for all treated samples was 3.81 log CFU/ml. Reduction was also affected by the level of background microflora in cider. Results indicate that UV light is effective for reducing this pathogen in cider. However, with the dosages used in this experiment, additional reduction measures are necessary to achieve the required 5-log reduction.
Marionette or "Puppenspieler"?: Arthur Schnitzler's Pierrot

In Die Verwandlungen des Pierrot, Arthur Schnitzler elaborates some of his favorite motifs, including that of the "Puppenspieler," in pantomime. Pierrot an actor and thus adept at controlling others' perception of reality, controls – toys with – Katharina by appearing before her in various disguises – the transformations indicated in the title – at a number of venues in the Wurstelprater. In the end, like many a "Puppenspieler" before him (e.g. Merklin in Der Puppenspieler or Paracelsus), Pierrot loses control of the situation, which leads to a restoration of the status quo ante: Pierrot is reunited with Anna, his fiancee, and with the rest of his acting troupe, and Katharina, freed from her brief pre-nuptial adventure, is reunited with her family and with her fiance, Eduard.
The SYN-RIFT Supersequence and Crustal Boundary

Isotopic dates of anorthosites from the Moon and meteorites indicate that the age of the Solar System is about 4.6 b.y. Modal lead ages of volcanic rocks and ores suggest that the age of the Earth is 4.55 to 4.6 b.y.; thus the major melting and crustal-forming events closely followed accretion of the Earth and the other planetary bodies. Until 1.0 b.y. ago plate growth may have been accommodated mostly by vertical or horizontal displacements and buckling and shearing of plates (Kroner, 1981). According to Condie (1982), continental rifting began about 2.0 b.y. ago and became widespread about 1.0 b.y ago, when continental fragmentation occurred and oceanic basins were produced and destroyed by sea-floor spreading. This cycle was important for the Pan-African system in northern Africa, Brazil, and other areas around the North Atlantic Ocean. However, most of the Pan-African mobile belts are ensialic (only sial), suggesting that this was a time of transition between dominantly ensialic tectonics and modern plate tectonics. Continental fragmentation followed by sea-floor spreading was the dominant tectonic style with the opening of the North Atlantic (Iapetus oceanic basin) 700 to 500 m.y. ago (Fig. 101). This Paleozoic sea-floor spreading episode was followed by closing of the Iapetus basin and then by renewed sea-floor spreading that initiated the present ocean-floor cycle during the Mesozoic Era (Fig. 101, 103) and produced the present structural configuration of the Atlantic Ocean. The position and morphology of the transition from continental to oceanic crust was controlled by the construction of the mega-continent Pangaea, and the subsequent breakup of this landmass.
Beginnings in the telephone

I come to the theme of this volume – “Mobile communication, private talk, public performance” – as a student of conversation and other forms of talk-in-interaction. The sort of work my colleagues and I do is focused on the “stuff” of quotidian interaction, as encountered in naturally occurring settings, as captured by modern recording devices which allow repeated examination of particular specimens, and thereby facilitate our overcoming the relentless blinders of familiarity which can keep us from seeing what is really going on, and how it gets to be that way. That is how I came some years ago to take as an analytic target talk on the telephone – the ordinary, fixed, wired telephone; it is that analytic experience which is my credential for this volume, and is the basis for what is offered in what follows. The title of this volume – “Perpetual Contact” – reminds me of a similar-sounding phrase introduced some years ago – “a continuing state of incipient talk” (Schegloff and Sacks, 1973). The phrase referred to certain interactional circumstances (and a form of overall structural organization of conversation) in which the parties' co-presence is shaped by contingencies independent of the character of their talk. Familiar venues in which one finds continuing states of incipient talk are members of a family or other living arrangement sitting together in a common room; members of a car pool en route to or from their destination; seatmates on an airplane or train; and the like.
Intentionality, Intuition, and Proof in Mathematics

Mathematicians, in the ordinary course of their work, are directed in their thinking toward objects, structures, or states-of-affairs in their various domains of research but they are typically not directed toward the cognitive acts and processes in which the awareness of their research domain is constituted. Being directed toward the normal objects of their research—natural numbers, sets, functions, spaces, groups, and so on, and properties of or relations between such objects—is quite different from being directed toward the consciousness of such objects. If we turn to the cognitive acts and processes of mathematicians, however, then we immediately notice a basic feature that is characteristic of many forms of consciousness: intentionality.
Ebola: Impact of hospital's admission policy in an overwhelmed scenario

Infectious disease outbreaks sometimes overwhelm healthcare facilities. A recent case occurred in West Africa in 2014 when an Ebola virus outbreak overwhelmed facilities in Sierra Leone, Guinea and Liberia. In such scenarios, how many patients can hospitals admit to minimize disease burden? This study considers what type of hospital admission policy during a hypothetical Ebola outbreak can better serve the community, if overcrowding degrades the hospital setting. Our result shows that which policy minimizes loss to the community depends on the initial estimation of the control reproduction number, R₀. When the outbreak grows extremely fast (R₀ ≫ 1) it is better (in terms of total disease burden) to stop admitting patients after reaching the carrying capacity because overcrowding in the hospital makes the hospital setting ineffective at containing infection, but when the outbreak grows only a little faster than the system's ability to contain it (R₀ ≳ 1), it is better to admit patients beyond the carrying capacity because limited overcrowding still reduces infection more in the community. However, when R₀ is no more than a little greater than 1 (for our parameter values, 1.012), both policies result the same because the number of patients never exceeds the maximum capacity.
Abstract WMP118: Neuroprotective Effects of IGF1 on Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells Under Ischemic Conditions Can Be Replicated by Antagomirs to MicroRNA(Mir-92b) and Mir33a

Background: Insulin like growth factor (IGF1) treatment to middle aged female rats post stroke reduces infarct volume, and this is preceded by reduced permeability of the blood brain barrier (BBB) at 4h post stroke. Analysis of ischemic tissue at 4h showed that IGF1 treatment significantly reduced expression of 8 miRNA. To determine if these miRNA are mechanistically linked to barrier function, we tested the impact of these miRNA on barrier function using human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs) under ischemic conditions. Specifically, we mimicked the actions of IGF1 by using antagomirs to miR-29c, miR-33a and miR-92b. Methods: hBMECs were grown to confluence on collagen-coated dishes (5% CO2, 95% air) and exposed to acute oxygen-glucose deprivation (6h OGD, 1% O2 % and 5 % CO2) in the presence of IGF1 or vehicle. In addition, cultures were also treated with IGF1+JB-1 (IGFR antagonist), IGF1+ LY294002 (Akt inhibitor) and rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor), to establish IGF1 mediated pathways on barrie...
Expert-level sleep scoring with deep neural networks.

Objectives Scoring laboratory polysomnography (PSG) data remains a manual task of visually annotating 3 primary categories: sleep stages, sleep disordered breathing, and limb movements. Attempts to automate this process have been hampered by the complexity of PSG signals and physiological heterogeneity between patients. Deep neural networks, which have recently achieved expert-level performance for other complex medical tasks, are ideally suited to PSG scoring, given sufficient training data. Methods We used a combination of deep recurrent and convolutional neural networks (RCNN) for supervised learning of clinical labels designating sleep stages, sleep apnea events, and limb movements. The data for testing and training were derived from 10 000 clinical PSGs and 5804 research PSGs. Results When trained on the clinical dataset, the RCNN reproduces PSG diagnostic scoring for sleep staging, sleep apnea, and limb movements with accuracies of 87.6%, 88.2% and 84.7% on held-out test data, a level of performance comparable to human experts. The RCNN model performs equally well when tested on the independent research PSG database. Only small reductions in accuracy were noted when training on limited channels to mimic at-home monitoring devices: frontal leads only for sleep staging, and thoracic belt signals only for the apnea-hypopnea index. Conclusions By creating accurate deep learning models for sleep scoring, our work opens the path toward broader and more timely access to sleep diagnostics. Accurate scoring automation can improve the utility and efficiency of in-lab and at-home approaches to sleep diagnostics, potentially extending the reach of sleep expertise beyond specialty clinics.
A Generalized Modulation Scheme for Soft Switched Dual Active Bridge Converter With Wide Voltage and Power Ranges

Bidirectional power conversion with wide voltage and power range is important for various applications such as renewable source and energy storage integration, automotive applications etc. Dual active bridge converter is a good candidate for its ease of control and reliability. Modulating the phase shifted PWM for dual active bridge is a very important part of deign and can be used to achieve better performances such as soft switching, control of rms current etc. Out of many proposed modulation scheme, triangular modulation stands out to be highly efficient scheme, however it suffers from low power flow range and limitations on output and input voltage ratio. In this paper, a new modulation scheme is proposed which allows higher power flow range without any limitation on the voltage gain, at the same time retaining majority of loss less switching properties similar to triangular modulation scheme. Thus, improving converter power density significantly. Simulation and experimental results confirms the performance of the modulation scheme.
Antibiotic Prescribing During Pediatric Direct-to-Consumer Telemedicine Visits

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Use of commercial direct-to-consumer (DTC) telemedicine outside of the pediatric medical home is increasing among children, and acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the most commonly diagnosed condition at DTC telemedicine visits. Our objective was to compare the quality of antibiotic prescribing for ARIs among children across 3 settings: DTC telemedicine, urgent care, and the primary care provider (PCP) office. METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study using 2015–2016 claims data from a large national commercial health plan, we identified ARI visits by children (0–17 years old), excluding visits with comorbidities that could affect antibiotic decisions. Visits were matched on age, sex, chronic medical complexity, state, rurality, health plan type, and ARI diagnosis category. Within the matched sample, we compared the percentage of ARI visits with any antibiotic prescribing and the percentage of ARI visits with guideline-concordant antibiotic management. RESULTS: There were 4604 DTC telemedicine, 38 408 urgent care, and 485 201 PCP visits for ARIs in the matched sample. Antibiotic prescribing was higher for DTC telemedicine visits than for other settings (52% of DTC telemedicine visits versus 42% urgent care and 31% PCP visits; P CONCLUSIONS: At DTC telemedicine visits, children with ARIs were more likely to receive antibiotics and less likely to receive guideline-concordant antibiotic management compared to children at PCP visits and urgent care visits.
Exploring patterns between school perceptions, child behavior, and maternal well-being among Latina mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Research suggests that child problem behavior and poor family-school partnerships contribute to maternal stress in families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, most extant res...