cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Coparenting in Europe, 2015: Celebrations of advances and cautions about misdirection

McHale, Rao, and their colleagues have been encouraging ‘emic’ approaches to the study of coparenting since the late 1990s, calling upon indigenous researchers to explore and illuminate the meaning of coparenting within their specific national and cultural contexts. Toward this end, the articles in this special section mark a watershed moment of sorts for the field of coparenting research. Family scientists from one northern European (England) and three Western European (France, Germany, and Switzerland) countries have organized to provide sightings of mother–father coparenting in four different European nations. While certainly not the first or only studies of coparenting completed in the individual countries, each article does afford a snapshot of a ‘moment in time’ that highlights issues thought by the authors to hold special salience for understanding mother–father coparenting in their country. This commentary integrates topics highlighted in the articles of this special section within a broader discu...
The effect of anti-IGF1 therapy on muscle mass in metastatic pancreatic cancer.

4064 Background: IGF-1 plays a role in the growth of multiple tumor types, including pancreatic cancer. IGF-1 also serves as a growth factor for muscle. The impact of therapeutic targeting of IGF-1...
Developmental changes in ATP utilization during graded hypoxia and reoxygenation in the heart in vivo

Myocardial ATP utilization and resynthesis during hypoxia and reoxygenation were studied in vivo as a function of maturation. Graded hypoxia was performed in newborn (NB; 4-10 days old, n = 6) and mature sheep (MAT; 30-60 days old, n = 6). Time-resolved 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance was used to monitor myocardial phosphates throughout hypoxia and to monitor reoxygenation concomitant with rate of myocardial O2 consumption (MVO2) measurement. Oxygen delivery and MVO2 were constant in both groups throughout hypoxia, with substantial and similar increases in both parameters during reoxygenation. Hypoxic myocardial lactate release was similar in NB and MAT. Phosphocreatine (PCr), but not ATP, decreased in NB only during milder hypoxia. Rapid PCr and slower ATP depletion occurred with severe hypoxia, consistent with ATP utilization/synthesis imbalance. Depletion rates were higher in MAT. Creatine rephosphorylation rates, measures of mitochondrial function reported as percentage of predicted values, were similar. 34 +/- 12 in NB and 26 +/- 9% in mature lambs. In conclusion, 1) phosphorylation potential decreases in NB but not MAT in response to a decreasing oxygen gradient; 2) ATP utilization during hypoxia increases more in mature lambs; 3) anaerobic ATP production is not greater in NB; and 4) despite the greater energy imbalance imposed on MAT during hypoxia, mitochondrial function is similar to NB during reoxygenation.
Organic Acid Patterns in Fresh and Incubated Whole Egg Products

Abstract The accurate measurement of wholesomeness of egg products is essential for quality control by egg processors and for confirmatory inspection by regulatory officials. The procedures now used to evaluate wholesomeness of frozen eggs include determinations of total and viable microorganisms, presence or absence of salmonellae and coliforms, presence of acetic, formic, lactic and/or succinic acids, and aroma of the product. The presence of organic acids is indicative of microbial metabolic or decomposition products. This investigation was conducted to evaluate a new method for determining the identity of the organic acids that may occur in newly laid eggs or accumulate in eggs which have been allowed to spoil due to natural microbial contamination and growth. Newly laid eggs were broken and the liquid contents blended to insure a uniform mixture. The blended eggs were divided into 225 gm. samples and placed in plastic containers. One-half of the samples (controls) were frozen…
What to do to 'do-to. ..': Notes on an Object Marker in Nuu-chah-nulth

The syntactic behaviour of the object marker Puukwie in Nuu-chah-nulth is documented based on fieldwork data that illustrate patterns not previously discussed in the literature. A Minimalist-type analysis is presented, in which Puukwie is a light verb of the category v and is generated in the complement position of the main verb. This captures certain traits of Puukwie that have hitherto not been unified under a single analysis: its morphological and syntactic autonomy, its semantic dependence on another predicate for argument structure, its link to discourse saliency, and its use as an auxiliary item in A0-raising constructions. Resume Le comportement syntaxique du marqueur d'objet Puukwie en nuu-chah-nulth est ici documente sur la base de donnees de terrain illustrant des proprietes qui n'ont pas ete traites anterieurement dans la litterature. Une analyse de type minimaliste est presentee, dans laquelle Puukwie est un verbe leger de categorie v genere dans la position de complement du verbe principal. Ceci rends compte de certains traits de Puukwie qui demeurent sans analyse unifiee, soit : son autonomie morphologique et syntaxique, sa dependance semantique a autre predicat pour sa structure d'argument, son rapport a la mise-en-relief discursive et son emploi comme auxiliaire dans les constructions impliquant le deplacement A0.
Charge-asymmetry effects in Λ- $Lambda - mathcal{N}$ scattering

A phenomenological, charge-symmetry-breaking (CSB) Λ-\(\Lambda - \mathcal{N}\) potential is deduced from the\(^4 He_\Lambda - ^4 H_\Lambda \) binding-energy difference. This is added to charge-symmetric (CS) potentials deduced from\(^3 H_\Lambda \) and\(^5 He_\Lambda \), and applied to Λ-\(\Lambda - \mathcal{N}\) scattering for two possible choices of CSB potential parameters. In one case, a CS singlet scattering length −3.5 fermi is changed to −5.4 fermi for Λ-p and to −2.5 fermi for Λ-n. Different combinations of CSB parameters affect theJ=0 ground states andJ=1 excited states of the four-body hypernuclei; observation of the latter could fix the CSB spin-dependence. CSB effects in final-state interactions are also discussed.
The Separation Algorithm of Dividing Large Integer into Two Prime Divisor Product

RSA calculation is based on two divisors product n and 1,which forms the conditional public key(e,n).The safety of RSA depends on the difficulty of dividing the large integer n.According to the characteristic of public key RSA and Euclid Calculations,this essay presents a decomposing n's calculation——Separation Algorithm,and undergoes mathematical proof,design and analysis.At the same time,during the design of module n,it proves unsafe if the integer multiple is too close to n(1/2).
APPLICATION OF OIL-LESS IGNITION IN START-UP AND SHUTDOWN OF 2028 t/h BOILER IN GUOHUA HUANGHUA POWER PLANT

The situation of applying plasma burners to boiler of 600 MW unit in Guohua Huanghua Power Plant has been presented,the problems existing in application being summarized and analysed,and concrete solving methods and recommendations being put forward on the basis of test and study.Adopting plasma burners,the oil-less start-up and shutdown of a boiler have been realized,thus saving a large amount of fuel oil,and the electrostatic precipitator can put into service at the initial stage of ignition,decreasing environmental pollution resulting from smoke emission,having very good economic and social benefits.
Anti-tax interacting protein-1 (TIP-1) monoclonal antibody targets human cancers

Radiation-inducible neo-antigens are proteins expressed on cancer cell surface after exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). These neo-antigens provide opportunities to specifically target cancers while sparing normal tissues. Tax interacting protein-1 (TIP-1) is induced by irradiation and is translocated to the surface of cancer cells. We have developed a monoclonal antibody, 2C6F3, against TIP-1.Epitope mapping revealed that 2C6F3 binds to the QPVTAVVQRV epitope of the TIP-1 protein. 2C6F3 binds to the surface of lung cancer (A549, LLC) and glioma (D54, GL261) cell lines. 2C6F3 binds specifically to TIP-1 and ELISA analysis showed that unconjugated 2C6F3 efficiently blocked binding of radiolabeled 2C6F3 to purified TIP-1 protein. To study in vivo tumor binding, we injected near infrared (NIR) fluorochrome-conjugated 2C6F3 via tail vein in mice bearing subcutaneous LLC and GL261 heterotopic tumors. The NIR images indicated that 2C6F3 bound specifically to irradiated LLC and GL261 tumors, with little or no binding in un-irradiated tumors.We also determined the specificity of 2C6F3 to bind tumors in vivo using SPECT/CT imaging. 2C6F3 was conjugated with diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (DTPA) chelator and radiolabeled with 111Indium (111In). SPECT/CT imaging revealed that 111In-2C6F3 bound more to the irradiated LLC tumors compared to un-irradiated tumors. Furthermore, injection of DTPA-2C6F3 labeled with the therapeutic radioisotope, 90Y, (90Y-DTPA-2C6F3) significantly delayed LLC tumor growth. 2C6F3 mediated antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP) in vitro.In conclusion, the monoclonal antibody 2C6F3 binds specifically to TIP-1 on cancer and radio-immunoconjugated 2C6F3 improves tumor control.
Effects of group psychotherapy on anger management following acquired brain injury.

AbstractObjective: To assess the effects of an anger management group programme for patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) on self-reported anger and to identify specific effects of intervention components at different time-points.Participants: Twenty-six participants with ABI were randomized, 24 started the programme and 19 completed it.Design: A paired-randomization was held following the first baseline (T0) and a second baseline (T1) was held several weeks later. One group (n = 8) started with an 8-week anger management programme followed by a 4-week intervention focusing on the psychosocial impact of brain injury. This order was reversed in the other group (n = 11). Assessment was carried-out every 4 weeks (T1–T4) during the 12-week intervention period.Main outcome measures: The Aggression Questionnaire-12, The State-Trait Anger and Expression Inventory-2 and The Multidimensional Anger Reaction Scale.Results: Anger levels did not significantly change between T0 and T1, but decreased significantly a...
Selective Foraging by Pogonomyrmex salinus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Semiarid Grassland: Implications for a Rare Plant

Selective foraging by granivores can have important consequences for the structure and composition of plant communities, and potentially severe consequences for rare plant species. To understand how granivore foraging behavior affects common and rare plant species, diet selection should be viewed relative to the availability of alternative seed options, and with consideration of the individual attributes of those seeds (e.g., morphology, nutrient content). We examined the foraging decisions of Owyhee harvester ants, Pogonomyrmex salinus (Olsen), in semiarid grassland dominated by two species of grass, Poa secunda and Bromus tectorum , and two species of mustard, Sisymbrium altissimum and Lepidium papilliferum . The latter is a rare plant endemic to southwestern Idaho, and its seeds are readily consumed by P. salinus . We examined the diets of P. salinus colonies in June and July over three years and compared these values to the weekly availability of seeds on the ground in a 3–12 -m radius around individual ant colonies. Small-seeded species ( P. secunda , S. altissimum , and L. papilliferum ) were usually overrepresented in the diet of ants relative to their availability, whereas the large seeds of B. tectorum were largely avoided despite being abundant and nutritious. The reduced travel time associated with carrying small seeds may overshadow differences in nutritional content among seed types, except in times when small seeds are in short supply. Lepidium papilliferum appears particularly vulnerable to seed predation, likely in part because it grows in dense patches that are easily exploited by foragers.
STUDENT PROJECT CHOICE AND PERCEIVED LEARNING OUTCOMES IN AN MBA COURSE IN HRM

We explored the motives and perceived learning outcomes among graduate students enrolled in a required MBA course in human resource management who were given a choice between completing either a service learning project or a case study. There were significant differences in project selection based on number of years of work experience, age, gender, and motive. Females, younger graduate students and those with less work experience more frequently selected a service learning project. Perceived degree of learning was the same regardless of project choice. The results highlight the advantages of considering the demographic characteristics of graduate students when establishing course assignments. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Data Independent Analysis of IgG Glycoforms in Samples of Unfractionated Human Plasma

Glycosylation regulates functional responses mediated by the interaction of IgG with their receptors. Multiple analytical methods have been designed for the determination of the IgG N-glycan microheterogeneity, including MS methods for the analysis of site specific glycoforms of IgG. However, measurement of low abundant glycoforms remains challenging in complex samples like serum without enrichment of the IgG. We present a workflow for quantitative analysis of site specific glycoforms of IgG based on data independent acquisition (DIA) of Y-ions generated under “minimal” fragmentation conditions. The adjusted collision induced dissociation (CID) conditions generate specific Y-ions in the yield of up to 60% precursor ion intensity. These selective fragments, measured in high resolution, improve specificity of detection compared to the typically quantified B-ions which have higher overall intensity but lower signal-to-noise ratios. Under optimized conditions, we achieve label-free quantification of the major...
Automatic Object Modeling Through Integrating Perception and Robotic Manipulation

In this paper, we introduce a method to build 3D object models from RGB-D images automatically by interleaving model building with robotic manipulation. Using a fixed RGB-D camera and starting from the first view of the object, our approach gradually builds and extends a partial model (based on what has been visible) into a complete object model. In the process, the partial model is also used to guide a robot manipulator to change the pose of the object to make more surfaces visible for continued model building. The alternation of perception-based model building and pose changing continues until a complete object model is built with all object surfaces covered. The method is implemented, and experimental results show the effectiveness and robustness of this approach.
Designing Marketing Experiments

This technical note is used in Darden's first-year core marketing course as well as in the marketing analytics elective. It could also be used effectively in modules covering the topics of market research, web analytics, or advertising. The note pairs well with the case "Advertising Experiments at the Ohio Art Company" (UVA-M-0752), which includes a student spreadsheet and a teaching note for instructors.Marketing managers must often face the challenge of justifying investment in a marketing mix, despite the difficulty of isolating the effect of any particular marketing activity. This note introduces experiments as a means of establishing causality and thus a campaign's projected efficacy. Excerpt UVA-M-0839 Rev. Jun. 3, 2014 DESIGNING MARKETING EXPERIMENTS Introduction In his quarterly budget presentation, Larry Culp, brand manager for BigHoney cereal, requests funds for an advertising campaign highlighting new packaging that retains freshness better and longer. In response, Mark Weinberg, BigHoney CFO, asks Culp, “Can you convince me that sales of BigHoney will be hurt if you do not advertise?” As a follow-up, he asks, “You have requested $ 500,000 for a national campaign? Is that the right amount? Can you get the same result for $ 250,000?” How can Culp convince Weinberg? Culp's challenge is typical for marketing managers who need to invest money in the marketing mix with the expectation that sales will increase in the future. Attributing an increase in sales to a specific marketing action is a major challenge, because the effect on a brand of any single marketing activity is difficult to isolate; it consists of several levers being pulled at the same time, including price promotion, new product introductions, competitive actions, television advertising, PR events, and seasonality. Also, sales resulting from such inputs take time; a television advertisement is unlikely to compel a viewer to immediately jump off the couch, run to the store, and buy a soda. Isolating the influence of a specific event on consumer behavior can be a daunting task. . . .
Homomorphic Secret Sharing from Paillier Encryption

A recent breakthrough by Boyle et al. [7] demonstrated secure function evaluation protocols for branching programs, where the communication complexity is sublinear in the size of the circuit (indeed just linear in the size of the inputs, and polynomial in the security parameter). Their result is based on the Decisional Diffie-Hellman assumption (DDH), using (variants of) the ElGamal cryptosystem. In this work, we extend their result to show a construction based on the circular security of the Paillier encryption scheme. We also offer a few optimizations to the scheme, including an alternative to the “Las Vegas”-style share conversion protocols of [7, 9] which directly checks the correctness of the computation. This allows us to reduce the number of required repetitions to achieve a desired overall error bound by a constant fraction for typical cases, and for large programs, reduces the total computation cost.
Resveratrol: A novel type of topoisomerase II inhibitor

Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in various plant sources, has gained attention as a possible agent responsible for the purported health benefits of certain foods, such as red wine. Despite annual multi-million dollar market sales as a nutriceutical, there is little consensus about the physiological roles of resveratrol. One suggested molecular target of resveratrol is eukaryotic topoisomerase II (topo II), an enzyme essential for chromosome segregation and DNA supercoiling homeostasis. Interestingly, resveratrol is chemically similar to ICRF-187, a clinically approved chemotherapeutic that stabilizes an ATP-dependent dimerization interface in topo II to block enzyme activity. Based on this similarity, we hypothesized that resveratrol may antagonize topo II by a similar mechanism. Using a variety of biochemical assays, we find that resveratrol indeed acts through the ICRF-187 binding locus, but that it inhibits topo II by preventing ATPase domain dimerization rather than stabilizing it. This work presents the first comprehensive analysis of the biochemical effects of both ICRF-187 and resveratrol on the human isoforms of topo II, and reveals a new mode for the allosteric regulation of topo II through modulation of ATPase status. Natural polyphenols related to resveratrol that have been shown to impact topo II function may operate in a similar manner.
Exploiting problem structure in genetic algorithms

Recent empirical and theoretical studies have shown that simple parameters characterizing the structure of many constraint satisfaction problems also predict the cost to solve them, on average. We apply these observations to improve the performance of genetic algorithms. In particular, we use a simple cost measure to evaluate the likely solution difficulty of the different unsolved subproblems appearing in the population. This is used to determine which individuals contribute to subsequent generations and improves upon the traditional direct use of the underlying cost function. As a specific test case, we used the GENESIS genetic algorithm to search for the optimum of a class of random Walsh polynomials. We also discuss extensions to other types of machine learning and problem solving systems.
Source Current Polarization Impact on the Cross-Polarization Definition of Practical Antenna Elements: Theory and Applications

With the growing interest in polarization diversity in communications and radar systems, the use of Ludwig’s second and third definitions has become controversial among scientists and antenna engineers. Therefore, this paper is an attempt to clarify some of the ambiguity and confusion caused by these definitions. A detailed comparison of Ludwig’s second and thirrd definitions of cross polarization, as applied to linearly polarized antennas, was performed. The results show that, in the diagonal plane, Ludwig’s second definition leads to a lower cross-polarization level than the third definition for $x$ - or $y$ -polarized current sources. For a Huygens source, by Ludwig’s third definition, the radiation pattern has a lower cross-polarization level than that obtained by Ludwig’s second definition. For some applications, the antenna is usually placed in the $y{z}$ plane. Therefore, new polarization bases are proposed according to which the source is used as a reference, and also on how this source is oriented in the $y{z}$ plane. To complement the theoretical framework demonstrated in this contribution and to provide readers with a better and simpler understanding of the cross-polarization definition, the analysis of several practical antennas for diverse applications was presented. Numerical and measured radiation patterns of wire and printed dipoles, rectangular patch, pyramidal horn, and open-ended rectangular waveguide (OEWG) antennas were investigated according to the polarization formulations presented in this paper. In addition, a dual-polarized element and a dual-polarized active phased array at broadside were utilized to generalize the application.
The long-period binary UU CANCRI as a system that has reversed its mass ratio.

Le systeme UU Cnc est une binaire de periode 96 j qui a ete interpretee comme une binaire a contact representant probablement l'etape d'enveloppe commune de l'evolution. Cette possibilite est testee en utilisant la vitesse rotationnelle afin de determiner le rapport de masse et les observations IUE afin de rechercher la source d'accretion chaude attendue si le systeme est semi-detache.
The Geometric Microlocal Analysis of Generalized Kimura and Heston Diffusions

In this paper we show how to use geometric microlocal analysis techniques to construct the heat kernel for a class of degenerate diffusions, called Kimura diffusions, which arise as continuum limits of theWright–Fisher model in Population Genetics. We restrict our attention to the case of a Kimura diffusion on a manifold with boundary, and show that, by changing variables and scaling, we can employ the 0-calculus to construct a parametrix for the heat kernel.
A Trait-Situational Analysis of Shyness

Few researchers would disagree that the feeling of shyness derives from the interplay of both situational and individual factors. However, situations that lead to shyness have not been extensively researched and consequently are not well understood. As a result, situational factors typically have not been included in theoretical statements about shyness. In order to do so, two issues need to be resolved. First, what kinds of situations lead to the experience of shyness? Second, how do such situations combine with internal psychological factors (e.g., personality) to produce shyness? We have been conducting research relevant to these two issues, and will focus in some detail on the question of how best to predict shyness-related experiences from individual difference and situational variables.
Delayed Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in the Differentiation of Tumor Recurrence and Radiation Necrosis in Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumors are often treated with radiation therapy, after which clinical and radiographic sequelae can lead to difficulties differentiating tumor recurrence from treatment effect. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often unable to distinguish between these two entities. The improved ability to delineate concerning foci could lead to earlier tumor detection with quicker access to new therapies and/or clinical trials; conversely, it could alleviate patient concerns in the case of radiation necrosis as the etiology. The utility of positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has been explored in CNS tumors in the past, as this imaging modality is widely used in oncologic practices. As there are concerns with false positive imaging in the case of cells with a high metabolic uptake due to causes other than malignancy (i.e. infection, inflammation), delayed FDG PET imaging has been proposed as a mechanism to reduce this confusion. Delayed FDG PET imaging has been explored in several adult and pediatric malignancies, including adult CNS tumors, though there are no current publications applying its use in pediatric CNS tumors. We present two cases of pediatric CNS tumors, where delayed FDG PET imaging helped in the early diagnosis of a recurrence through a distinguishing tumor from the treatment effect.
Stable Algebraic Theories 1

Abstract We survey the classification of stable theories of modules, rings, and groups. 2
Preparing the bowel for surgery: rethinking the strategy

Whether to administer purgative cleansing and oral antibiotics before colon surgery as a method to prevent postoperative infections, once standard of care, is now being considered unnecessary with today’s advancements of care. A new study questions the efficacy of this bowel preparation approach with a prospective randomized trial.
The psychological reality of procedural rhetoric

Game scholars make arguments that depend on the idea that games are capable of conveying meaning and making arguments via their mechanics, an information channel unique to games (and other forms of system-driven media) which Bogost has termed "procedural rhetoric." This concept is not intended to just be an interpretive technique for experts, but is also meant to describe the way the general player population experiences games. However, there has never (to our knowledge) been any attempt to use the tools of psychology to ascertain whether procedural rhetoric is a psychological reality for players in general and, if so, under what circumstances and in which ways it is experienced. This paper reports on the first steps in such an investigation. We found (a) that procedural rhetoric has psychological reality, with players accurately understanding that two games meant to have arguments have them, and the purely abstract game we included did not; (b) the understanding of procedural rhetoric appears to be strongly shaped by accompanying media, with the more abstract of the rhetorical games we studied much less clearly understood; and (c) as with any media, even when audiences understand the goal of a procedural rhetoric argument, the impact on their thoughts and feelings may not be as authors intend.
M3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces inflammation in bronchial epithelial cells via the p38 MAP and Syk tyrosine kinase pathways

Objectives Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) infection is a major cause of inflammation in cystic fibrosis airways, initially mediated by bronchial epithelial cells, which are vital for the immune response. Kinase activation, such as MAP and Tyrosine kinases, are integral to inflammatory responses to Pa, therefore are potential targets for novel anti-inflammatory therapies. This study aims to determine which kinases are involved in Pa-induced inflammation. Methods BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells were treated with kinase inhibitors against p38 MAPK (p38), MEK, JNK, Syk and c-Src at 1 µg/ml, for 2 hours, followed by Pa infection at 2.5 × 107 CFU/ml, for 5 hours. CXCL8 and IL-6 release were measured by sandwich ELISA. Combinations of inhibitors and novel narrow spectrum kinase inhibitors (NSKI) against p38, Src and/or Syk kinases were used to investigate synergistic effects of blocking multiple pathways. Synergy of compound combinations was calculated using the Chou-Talalay method. Results An inhibitor of p38 showed 85.8% (p Conclusion Pa-induced CXCL8 and IL-6 release is highly dependent on both p38 and Syk kinases, and inhibition of multiple selected pathways can lead to synergistic effects. Further investigation is planned to elucidate the possible role of Syk kinase in p38 activation. This study shows a potential for inhibitors of multiple specific kinases as potent anti-inflammatory therapies.
Rhythms of Faithfulness: Essays in Honour of John Colwell

I do not know John Colwell personally, and I have never sat under his ministry. I do however know lots of people who have been inspired by his teaching and enjoyed his friendship. Many of them have...
Stochastic Exposure Coding for Handling Multi-ToF-Camera Interference

As continuous-wave time-of-flight (C-ToF) cameras become popular in 3D imaging applications, they need to contend with the problem of multi-camera interference (MCI). In a multi-camera environment, a ToF camera may receive light from the sources of other cameras, resulting in large depth errors. In this paper, we propose stochastic exposure coding (SEC), a novel approach for mitigating. SEC involves dividing a camera's integration time into multiple slots, and switching the camera off and on stochastically during each slot. This approach has two benefits. First, by appropriately choosing the on probability for each slot, the camera can effectively filter out both the AC and DC components of interfering signals, thereby mitigating depth errors while also maintaining high signal-to-noise ratio. This enables high accuracy depth recovery with low power consumption. Second, this approach can be implemented without modifying the C-ToF camera's coding functions, and thus, can be used with a wide range of cameras with minimal changes. We demonstrate the performance benefits of SEC with theoretical analysis, simulations and real experiments, across a wide range of imaging scenarios.
Will Skynet Need a Librarian? A Literature Review of Machine Learning–Based Data Organization and Use Strategies.

The increasing use of machine learning in everyday life, from loan applications to morning coffee, has developed alongside the rocketing growth of data professionally, attempting to leave no stone unturned in the quest for new insights, and personally, as digitally-connected people both produce and consume more data than ever before. Learning how machine learning models and algorithms engage with data organization is important in understanding how to improve the utility and benefits of current and future machine learning uses. In surveying the literature landscape, we aim to look at the intersection of machine learning and data management from a few different fields for a comprehensive, albeit brief, view of this fascinating area of modern science and technology. In this literature review, databases, both relational and nonrelational, are covered, along with four types of machine learning: symbolic machine learning, neural networks, simulated evolution and genetic algorithms, and particle swarm optimization. We’ll also take a look at machine learning-focused information retrieval strategies and how selected fields utilize and advance machine learning.
Optimizing Expert-Based Decision-Making of Pavement Maintenance using Artificial Neural Networks with Pattern-Recognition Algorithms:

Light pavement rehabilitations and low-cost treatments are extensively employed among transportation agencies on roads with relatively low traffic volumes to optimize available resources. One conce...
Delaying ripening of ‘Bartlett’ pears (Pyrus communis) during long-term simulated industrial cold storage: Mechanisms and validation of chitosan coatings with cellulose nanocrystals Pickering emulsions

Abstract Chitosan edible coatings with cellulose nanocrystals Pickering emulsions were investigated at different oleic acid concentrations as coatings to extend storage of ‘Bartlett’ pears by delaying ripening. Pear coatings contained 10 or 20 g oleic acid/kg emulsion (1OA, 2OA). A 7-month simulated industrial storage trial (−1.1 °C) was conducted against carnauba wax-based coating, controlled atmosphere storage (CAS), and uncoated control. The 2OA maintained the highest peel chlorophyll (P
A Spatially Adaptive Antenna Array for Mm-Wave Wireless Channel Control With Microfluidics Based Reconfiguration

Spatially adaptive antenna array (SAA) is an electronically scanned antenna array with capability of changing its physical location. This new capability allows SAA to control the wireless channel environment to increase link capacity without employing an increased number of antenna elements. Compact and cost-effective implementation of SAA requires a strategically designed RF feed network that can allow the radiating antenna elements to be repositioned while other RF and digital electronics remain stationary. This manuscript introduces a novel RF feed network and demonstrates the first experimental verification of SAA by using microfluidic based reconfiguration. The presented microfluidically reconfigurable SAA (MRSA) exhibits the best possible compact form - a total footprint that is approximately equal to the spatial adaptation range. MRSA operates at 28 GHz with 45 mm ( $4.2~\lambda _{0}$ ) spatial adaptation capability. Evaluating MRSA in communication systems using its measured realized gain patterns show that link level performance of the wireless channel is improved by 24% from 8.5 bps/Hz to 10.5 bps/Hz. Additionally, spectral efficiency is improved by 100% with 5 dB improvement in average signal to interference ratio.
Dynamically tunable light responsive silk-elastin-like proteins.

Dynamically tunable biomaterials are of particular interest in the field of biomedical engineering because of the potential utility for shape-change materials, drug and cell delivery and tissue regeneration. Stimuli-responsive proteins formed into hydrogels are potential candidates for such systems, due to the genetic tailorability and control over structure-function relationships. Here we report the synthesis of genetically engineered Silk-Elastin-Like Protein (SELP) photoresponsive hydrogels. Polymerization of the SELPs and monomeric adenosylcobalamin (AdoB12)-dependent photoreceptor C-terminal adenosylcobalamin binding domain (CarHC) was achieved using genetically encoded SpyTag-SpyCatcher peptide-protein pairs under mild physiological conditions. The hydrogels exhibited a partial collapse of the crosslinked molecular network with both decreased loss and storage moduli upon exposure to visible light. The materials were also evaluated for cytotoxicity and the encapsulation and release of L929 murine fibroblasts from 3D cultures. The design of these photo-responsible proteins provides new stimuli-responsive SELP-CarHC hydrogels for dynamically tunable protein-based materials.
Pregnancy outcomes and factors affecting the clinical effects of emergency cerclage in twin pregnancies with cervical dilation and prolapsed membranes.

Objective To determine the effect of mid-trimester emergency cerclage in women with twin pregnancies with cervical dilation and prolapsed membranes, and to identify risk factors predicting spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) before 28 weeks, after cerclage. Methods Retrospective analysis of twin gestations with cervical dilation and prolapsed membranes treated with emergency cerclage or expectant management (2015-2020). The primary outcomes were the rate of sPTB before 28 weeks and the gestational latency. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with sPTB before 28 weeks, after cerclage. Results Ninety-seven women were included, cerclage (n = 58) or no cerclage (n = 39). Cerclage placement was associated with significantly lower incidence of sPTB before 28 weeks of pregnancy (34.5% vs 82.1%) and prolongation of the gestational latency (46.71 ± 27.52 vs 10.95 ± 11.71 days). Positive cervical culture (odds ratio [OR] 10.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.82-62.95), pregnancy duration at diagnosis less than 22 weeks (OR 9.42; 95% CI 1.69-52.69) and cervical dilation at least 4 cm (OR 7.92; 95% CI 1.40-44.71) were found to be independent risk factors for sPTB before 28 weeks, after cerclage. Conclusion Emergency cerclage in women with twin pregnancies with cervical dilation and prolapsed membranes was associated with an overall 40% decrease in sPTB before 28 weeks and a prolongation of latency by 5 weeks. The strongest predictor of sPTB before 28 weeks after cerclage was a positive cervical culture.
Conclusion: A Bioarchaeological Model of Climate Change and Violence

Anthropological approaches to the analysis of the research on climate change and conflict shows that the relationship between these two variables is not necessarily causal. Using data from a number of archaeological and cultural contexts from around the world, we argue that it is crucial to acknowledge that correlation does not equal causation. If it is argued (without supporting data) that there is a basic human drive to violence when changes in the climate affect resources, lawmakers will quickly assume inevitability and act accordingly. The Biocultural Model presented here demonstrates that there are solid data supporting a number of possibilities for what causes violence and climate change is only one of a suite of factors. These factors (ethnic identity and social fragmentation, inequality, environmental degradation, migration, and fear) interact with each other in complex ways depending on the culture, environment, and constitution of the population under study. Arguing for inevitability in how humans will react, downplays the alternative choices they have as a species to deal with an unstable and changing climate.
Thermal charm production in a quark-gluon plasma in Pb-Pb collisions at s NN =5.5 TeV

Charm production from the quark-gluon plasma created in the midrapidity of central heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is studied in the next-to-leading order in QCD. Using a schematic longitudinally boost-invariant and transversally expanding fire-cylinder model, we find that charm production could be appreciably enhanced at LHC as a result of the high temperature that is expected to be reached in the produced quark-gluon plasma. Sensitivities of our results to the number of charm quark pairs produced from initial hard scattering, the initial thermalization time and temperature of the quark-gluon plasma, and the charm quark mass are also studied.
Agents for treatment of overactive bladder: a therapeutic class review.

Symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB), also termed urge urinary incontinence, occur because the detrusor muscle is overactive and contracts inappropriately during the filling phase. The symptoms of OAB include urinary frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence. Anticholinergic/antispasmodic drugs are the first choice for OAB, as they have been proven to be the most effective agents in suppressing premature detrusor contractions, enhancing bladder storage, and relieving symptoms (1, 2). Anticholinergic and antispasmodic agents act by antagonizing cholinergic muscarinic receptors, through which different parasympathetic nerve impulses evoke detrusor contraction. In 1970, flavoxate was the first drug in this class to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat OAB. Then, in 1975, oxybutynin became the mainstay of treatment for OAB, as it was shown to be more efficacious than flavoxate. The next agent introduced in the class was tolterodine in 1996. Lastly, in 2004, three newer agents—darifenacin, solifenacin, and trospium—challenged older compounds by having a less frequent dosing schedule and a more favorable side effect profile. Flavoxate is indicated for the symptomatic relief of cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis, and urethrocystitis/urethrotrigonitis. Darifenacin, oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodine, and trospium are indicated for the treatment of OAB with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and urinary frequency (3–13). Additionally, oxybutynin is indicated in the treatment of pediatric patients aged 6 years and older with symptoms of detrusor overactivity associated with neurological conditions (i.e., spina bifida). These agents have also been used to treat voiding disorders in patients with spinal trauma or other neurological diseases, although they are not approved by the FDA for that indication. Table ​Table11 addresses dosing and administration guidelines for the class. Table 1 Dosing and administration of agents for overactive bladder
Nitric oxide mediates inhibitory nerve input in human and canine jejunum

Abstract Background: Nitric oxide (NO) may be an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the intestinal muscle. The present study examined its role in human and canine jejunum. Methods: Mechanical and intracellular electrical activity were recorded simultaneously from the circular muscle layer. Results: In the human jejunum, nerve stimulation inhibited mechanical activity and evoked an inhibitory junction potential that consisted of an initial fast hyperpolarization followed by a late sustained hyperpolarization. NO inhibited mechanical activity and evoked a dose-dependent hyperpolarization that mimicked the late hyperpolarization. In the canine jejunum, nerve stimulation inhibited mechanical activity and evoked an inhibitory junction potential that consisted of only a fast hyperpolarization. N G -Monomethyl-l-arginine and N G -nitro-l-arginine attenuated nerve-mediated inhibition of mechanical activity in both species. However, the effect of the synthase inhibitors on inhibitory junction potentials differed in the two species. In canine jejunum, both inhibitors reduced the amplitude of the initial fast hyperpolarization. In human jejunum, both inhibitors reduced only the late sustained hyperpolarization. Conclusuions: NO mediates neural inhibition in circular muscle of both human and canine jejunum through different mechanisms.
Thermal lens detection of one and two-color laser excitation of benzene in cryogenic liquid solutions

The thermal lens technique is applied to vibrational overtone spectroscopy of cryogenic solutions of benzene. The pump and probe thermal lens technique has been found to be very sensitive for detecting samples of low concentration in transparent liquefied gas solvents at low temperatures. The C–H fifth vibrational (Δυ = 6) overtone of benzene in liquefied ethane, krypton, and argon have been recorded at concentrations between 10 and 58 p.p.m. in a range of temperatures between 87 and 150 K. Experiments with one-color laser excitation are sensitive enough to detect benzene at parts per million mole fraction. The dependence of the signal on the physical properties of the solvent and the excitation wavelength are shown. Finally, a thermal lens experiment with two-color laser excitation is presented showing an increase in the magnitude of the peak absorption that will result in an increase of the limit of detection. A three-level model to explain signal enhancement with respect to one-color laser excitation under the same experimental conditions is presented. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypovolemic Shock after Circumcision

Circumcision has been the most frequently applied surgical procedure since ancient times [1,2]. In Tur-key, the application of this surgical procedure con-tinues due to traditional and religious reasons. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common pediatric prob-lem affecting up to 25% of all the children worldwide [3].Even though circumcision is known to be a pro-cedure with minor complications, it could cause hypovolemic shock especially in patients with under-lying IDA. A 2.5-month-old infant with hypovolemic shock was brought with bleeding 12 hours after circumcision by a traditional circumciser at home. He was lethargic with pale skin, mucous membranes, and had shallow breathing. The pulse was 180/ minute and arterial blood pressure was not measurable. He had bleed-ing from the frenulum between two sutures. The bleeding could not be ceased despite compression. The patient was given 20cc/kg of Ringer’s lactate solution. Laboratory tests revealed Hb 4.6g/dl; hematocrit 14.6%; and his mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was 48fl, total iron 7 g/l , serum ferritin 9 ng/ml with normal PT, APTT, fibrinogen and platelet levels. He was transfused with packed red blood cells. The urine density of the patient was 1040 fol-lowing transfusion. The bleeding was stopped follow-ing the suturing of the frenulum. . It has been widely reported that circumcision compli-cations occur more frequently with increasing age of the patient. The early complications of circumcision are bleeding, pain, inadequate skin removal, and surgical site infection, but they usually tend to be minor. Of these, bleeding is the most common com-plication of circumcision. Bleeding may occur along the skin edges between sutures or from a discrete blood vessel, most commonly at the frenulum. In our patient, the bleeding was from the frenulum. The majority of post-circumcision bleeding would not re-quire wound exploration and suturing, and responds well to compression. However, the application of di-rect pressure in our case did not cease the bleeding. Bleeding from skin edges usually respond well to compression alone. In Turkey and other developing countries, traditional circumcisers still exist [4]. Our center is a regional institution that mostly serves pa-tients with low socio-economic status. Only a minor percentage of circumcisions in this region are per-formed by pediatric surgeons. However, a big per-centage of post-circumcision complications are treated by pediatric surgeons. Our patient did not have coagulation disorder. The hypovolemic shock which developed after the circumcision was further compounded by patient’s existing IDA. We recom-mend circumcision should be performed by trained personnel. Moreover, anemia should be treated be-fore performing circumcision especially in endemic areas of IDA.
Heterogeneity among strains and a high rate of variation within strains of a major surface antigen of Mycoplasma pulmonis

Monoclonal and monospecific antibodies were used to characterize a major Mycoplasma pulmonis surface antigen complex, V-1. Heterogeneity of V-1 was detected among strains and a high frequency of variation was detected within subclones of single strains. Analysis of 18 different strains showed that no two displayed identical electrophoretic immunoblot patterns for V-1. Analysis of 50 filter clones from an individual strain (not previously filter cloned) revealed at least 10 different V-1 patterns. The two most frequently occurring patterns were expressed by 36% and 24%, respectively, of the total population. Serial subcloning (four separate series) of several of these original clones showed that the average rate of V-1 variation was 2 x 10(-3) per cell per generation. Immunoblots with different anti-V-1 monoclonal antibodies demonstrated that there were both structurally and antigenically different forms of this antigen. Also, two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel analyses showed that different forms of V-1 could vary in charge. This potential for variability in a major surface antigen of mycoplasmas could have important implications as to how the organism interacts with its host.