cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Photochemistry of Cu—Olefin complexes: a flash photochemical investigation of the reactivity of Cu(ethylene)+ and Cu(cis,cis-1,5-cyclooctadiene)+2

Abstract The UV-photochemistries of Cu(ethylene) + , Cu(C 2 H 4 ) + , and Cu( cis,cis -1,5-cyclooctadiene) + 2 , Cu( c,c -COD) + 2 , have been investigated by continuous and flash photolysis. Photolyses of Cu(C 2 H 4 ) + in ethylene saturated methanol produce hexane and formaldehyde. This process and the photoinduced photoisomerization of Cu( c,c COD) + 2 to Cu( c,c -COD)( c,t -COD) + , c,t -COD = cis,trans -1,5-cyclooctadiene, proceed through several intermediates with lifetimes in a nanosecond-second time domain and spectra with absorption bands in the 400–600 nm range. These intermediates have been assigned as σ-bound copper-alkyl species. The mechanisms for product formation are discussed.
Motives for recreational river floating: relative consistency across settings.

Abstract Motive profiles for recreational travel on rivers by canoe, kayak, raft, and inner tube are analyzed for 11 diverse rivers nationwide. Differences among the rivers exist and are described, but the profiles are noted more for their striking consistency across the wide range of environmental settings represented. River recreation motives were also compared with those for 17 other forms of recreation. Of the 17 activities studied, sailing, motorboating, and fishing are motivationally most similar to river floating. Through the data, we question the presumption that relationships are strong between the environmental character of outdoor recreation settings and the goal orientations of people attracted to them.
Asthma induced by allergy to Trichophyton rubrum.

Abstract The worldwide incidence of asthma and of allergic respiratory diseases is increasing (Akiyama K. ‘Environmental allergens and allergic diseases.’ Rinsho Byori 1997;45(1):13. D'Amato G, Liccardi G, D'Amato M. Environment and development of respiratory allergy. II. Indoors. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 1994;49(5):412. Weeke AR. Epidemiology of allergic diseases in children. Rhinol Suppl 1992;13:5. Ulrik CS, Backer V, Hesse B, Dirksen A. Risk factors for development of asthma in children and adolescents: findings from a longitudinal population study. Respir Med 1996;90(10):623.) This has been attributed to several factors, including lifestyle changes and an expanding variety of potential causative allergens. Management of asthma entails preventive and acute medications, immunologic therapies, and removal of the identified allergen(s) from the patient's environment. Without the latter, patients may not experience full symptomatic relief. This case report describes a patient who developed bronchial asthma subsequent to an infection of tinea pedis and pedal onychomycosis; antifungal management resulted in full resolution of his tinea pedis, onychomycosis and asthma.
Micromachined systems for rf and microwave antenna applications

This paper provides a brief review of applications for MEMS based systems in microwave and millimeter wave systems. MEMS based switches, capacitors, inductors, phase shifters and micromachined transmission lines and antennas find increasing applications in recent years. Approaches towards the design and fabrication of two MEMS components such as phase shifters and switches, both making use of high dielectric barium strontium titanate (BST) thin films to improve the performance characteristics are also presented. Electrostatic micro switches made with this approach can be actuated with very low voltages.
Abolitionist expectations: Britain

(2000). Abolitionist expectations: Britain. Slavery & Abolition: Vol. 21, After Slavery: Emancipation and its Discontents, pp. 41-66.
Survey of Injection-System Design

The general problems of injection into particle accelerators are discussed with the criteria for the choice of injection parameters emphasized. Examples are given of the injection system designed for a 200-BeV proton synchrotron.
Neoliberalism and University Education in Sub-Saharan Africa

This article reviews the history of university development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and discusses the impact of neoliberal policies. This will be followed by an examination of the problems facing universities in the region. The following questions will be explored: (a) Are the existing universities in SSA serving the development needs of the region? (b) Are these universities up to the task of moving SSA out of the predicaments it faces such as famine, HIV/AIDS, poverty, diseases, debt, and human rights abuses? Finally, the article argues that for universities to play a role in the development of the region, a new paradigm that makes university education a public good should be established.
Fundamentals and practice of supercritical fluid chromatography‐mass spectrometry

Aspects et proprietes de chromatographe a fluide supercritique relie a un spectrometre de masse. Description des interfaces possibles et facteurs restrictifs
Intrapartum management of the large infant

Preparedness and recognition of suspected complications may prevent or minimize the morbidity often encountered in the labor and delivery of an oversized infant. Risk factors during labor are examined, and effective management at delivery is discussed. Careful attention is given to both maternal and fetal considerations during the birth of a large infant.
An algorithm for performance-driven initial placement of small-cell ICs

In this paper an algorithm is described for obtaining an initial placement of small-cell ICs subject to performance constraints. The algorithm employs an effective nonlinear wirelength function and an accurate timing model using a block-oriented representation of paths. By introducing the concept of a reduced forest of timing constraints for cap turing the structure inherent in the constraints an efficient algorithm for performance driven initial placement is developed and its finiteness proved under less stringent conditions than [JSKSO]. In addition, it does not require an initial feasible solution. The algorithm presented in [JSKSO] required an initial feasible solution, which is computationally expensive, taking over 9 hours for an example with 1418 modules. The new algorithm presented in this paper is shown to be effective on practical examples. For the example with 1418 modules, it is able to find an optimal solution in under 8 minutes of CPU time without requiring a feasible solution. Limited space necessitated a highly simplified presentation of the algorithm here. Details may be found in [SriSO].
School leaders’ opportunities to learn: a descriptive analysis from a distributed perspective

Most work on professional learning opportunities in education focuses on classroom teachers and school principals. In this paper the authors take a broader look at school leaders’ opportunities to learn from a distributed perspective. Using one mid‐sized urban school district as their case, they examine the opportunities to learn (OTL) of school principals, administrators and teacher leaders, attending to both formal and on‐the‐job OTL. The analysis shows that an exclusive focus on the school principal substantially underestimates the school system’s investment in school leader learning. The authors argue that efforts to understand school leader learning must move beyond an exclusive focus on the school principal to include the OTL of other formally designated school leaders – both administrators and teacher leaders. Further, they contend that analyzing school leaders’ opportunities to learn must also focus on both formal professional development as well as on‐the‐job learning, and the relations between t...
SIMLOG: a Prolog-based simulator for industrial logic control systems

Abstract To an increasing extent, industrial engineers are being called upon to design automated systems for control of manufacturing processes. An alternate approach to hardware display panels for program experimentation is to use a software simulator. This paper discusses the development of such a simulation model in the powerful language PROLOG, which is ideal for artificial intelligence applications.
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for T84.66: A monoclonal anti-CEA antibody

Antibodies directed against tumor associated antigens are being increasingly used for detection and treatment of cancers; however, there is an incomplete understanding of the physiological determinants of antibody pharmacokinetics and tumor distribution. The purpose of this study is to (a) compare the plasma pharmacokinetics of T84.66, a monoclonal anti-CEA antibody directed against tumor associated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), in control and CEA expressing LS174T xenograft bearing mice, and (b) to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model capable of integrating the influence of CEA and the IgG salvage receptor, FcRn, on T84.66 disposition. T84.66 pharmacokinetics were studied following i.v. administration (1, 10, 25 mg/kg) in control and xenograft bearing mice. In control mice, no significant differences in clearance were observed across the dose range studied. In mice bearing xenograft tumors, clearance was increased by four- to sevenfold, suggesting the presence of a "target mediated" elimination pathway. T84.66 plasma disposition was characterized with a PBPK model, and the model was applied to successfully predict antibody concentrations in tumor tissue. The PBPK model will be used to assist in the development of antibody-based targeting strategies for CEA-positive tumors.
Completely Digital Two-Visit Immediately Loaded Implants: Proof of Concept.

Implant dentistry has become a common treatment alternative, yet only a small percentage of patients missing teeth are receiving its benefits. Significant limitations are the small percent of practitioners placing implants due to the long learning curve, as well as the time commitment on the part of the patient. This proof of concept demonstrates clinical implant treatment requiring years of manual skill development on the part of the surgeon, restorative dentist, and technician can be accomplished in 2 visits, completely digitally, without the need for conventional impressions, laboratory procedures, and advanced manual skills. This technique results in reduced learning curve and treatment time. The first visit consists of consultation, diagnosis, CT and optical surface scans of the implant site to include: soft tissue, adjacent teeth, and opposing arch. This digital information is imported and interactively reconstructed in a 3-D open format implant planning software. The implant and restoration are now...
Social Climbing During the Age of Absolutism: Personality Distortion and Career Advancement in J. C. Krüger's “Die Candidaten”

Johann Christian KrRger's comedy Die Candrdaten has been largely ignored by scholarship despite its availability in reprint and its author's status as a precursor of J. M. R. Lenz. This study examines Krger's portrayal of the effects of class conflict within a society that dispensed career rewards according to birth, not merit. The play concerns the disposition of a bureaucratic position that a German count has to offer; several characters seek it, and the personality of each is diminished or distorted in the attempt. These figures are drawn from the educated middle class and the lower nobility: the distortion that they undergo ranges from a loss of Enlightenment optimism to a loss of basic human dignity. Krger attacks the ruling class directly through his cowardly, avaricious, stupid and sexually dissolute count and countess. The central character's descent into pessimism is presented as inevitable, given the hostile public sphere. Cundiduren reverses contemporary audience expectations regarding the mission of comedy by fitting a virtuous, sensible burgher into the fool's role. This represents a radical break with previous drama tradition: comedy no longer teaches through laughter. Here, it provides a release from stifling social tension Nevertheless. the thrust of the plot is dark and negative; in 1748 laughter must have been followed by bitterness.
Frequency/depth-penetration considerations in hyperthermia by magnetically induced currents

An exact solution is presented for the magnetic field intensity within a conducting cylinder in an oscillating external magnetic field parallel to the cylinder axis. The numerical results given imply that, in clinical hyperthermia, frequencies up to 13.56 MHz can be used without a major loss of depth penetration.
On-Line Monitoring of Sequential Blood Flow Reduction during Splenic Embolization

Partial embolization of the spleen has been well established for the treatment of hypersplenism. A weakness of the technique is the lack of an objective method to quantitate the flow reduction during the procedure. The video dilution technique (VDT) has earlier been used to measure blood flow in regional arteries using video cassette replay. By adapting the VDT concept of relative flow to digital subtraction angiography, it is possible to calculate the flow reduction instantly following each injection of embolic material. We present a case of partial splenic embolization where the flow in the splenic artery was reduced to a predetermined level of 50 per cent of baseline flow. The clinical results were excellent. By observing the clinical results of partial embolization, terminated at different levels of flow reduction, it will be possible to optimize the results and prevent overembolization.
Retention following appetitive discrimination training the kamin effect

Two experiments were performed to investigate retention of a discriminative response under conditions of appetitive motivation. In Experiment 1, four groups of rats received 20 training trials in a two-choice position discrimination procedure. Following training, the subjects received 16 test trials.05, 1, or 24 h later on a reversal of the original discrimination problem. The results revealed that retention of the original discriminative training was a U-shaped function of time following training (i.e., a Kamin effect was observed), in terms of both associative (percent errors) and performance (response latencies) measures The data from the second experiment ruled out certain nonassociative explanations for the results of Experiment 1. Thus, the results of these experiments extend the observation of nonmonotonic retention functions to appetitive discrimination learning and provide further support for the hypothesis that an associative mechanism is responsible for such functions.
Adolescent Perceptions of Cohesion, Adaptability, and Communication: Revisiting the Circumplex Model:

One hundred eighty young adults completed measures of family cohesion and adaptability, communication expressiveness and clarity, and problem solving. The results of polynomial regression trend analyses yielded a linear relationship between cohesion and communication expressiveness, clarity, and problem solving whether cohesion was defined linearly as emotional bonding or curvilinearly as family togetherness. There also was a linear relationship between adaptability, defined linearly as flexibility to master family life cycle stage transitions and these facets of family communication. However, the relationship for communication clarity was curvilinear when adaptability was defined in a curvilinear way as the degree of power, control, and organization in the home. Overall, these results tend not to support Olson’s circumplex model of couples and family systems.
THE MICROFLORA OF UNPASTEURIZED AND PASTEURIZED CRABMEAT

Crabmeat is processed commercially at 85°C and held at refrigeration temperatures in order to extend shelf life. It was the purpose of this investigation to examine both the anaerobic and aerobic microflora in crabmeat prior to pasteurization and after pasteurization and storage. Anaerobic bacteria from crabmeat were isolated, quantitated and identified using the VPIS however, after pasteurization, the isolates neither produced H2 S nor grew at 37°C. Heat resistance of the isolates was determined both in pH 7.20 phosphate. buffer and crabmeat homogenates (pH 7.26). Decimal reduction times in phosphate buffer at 55°C were about 2.5 mm for most isolates. No evidence was obtained that the isolates would survive pasteurization.
Socioeconomic Status, Marital Status Continuity and Change, Marital Conflict, and Mortality

Objective: The authors investigated (a) whether being continuously married compared with other marital status trajectories over 5 years attenuates the adverse effects of lower education and lower income on longevity, (b) whether being in higher conflict as well as lower conflict marriage compared with being single provides a buffer against socioeconomic status inequalities in mortality, and (c) whether the conditional effects of marital factors on the SES—mortality association vary by gender. Method: The authors estimated logistic regression models with data from adults aged 30 or above who participated in the National Survey of Families and Households 1987— 2002. Results: Being continuously married, compared with being continuously never married or making a transition to separation/divorce, buffered mortality risks among men with low income. Mortality risk for low-income men was also lower in higher conflict marriages compared with being never married or previously married. Discussion: Marriage ameliorat...
Resident outcomes in small-house nursing homes: a longitudinal evaluation of the initial green house program.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of a small-house nursing home model, THE GREEN HOUSE® (GH), on residents' reported outcomes and quality of care. DESIGN: Two-year longitudinal quasi-experimental study comparing GH residents with residents at two comparison sites using data collected at baseline and three follow-up intervals. SETTING: Four 10-person GHs, the sponsoring nursing home for those GHs, and a traditional nursing home with the same owner. PARTICIPANTS: All residents in the GHs (40 at any time) at baseline and three 6-month follow-up intervals, and 40 randomly selected residents in each of the two comparison groups. INTERVENTION: The GH alters the physical scale environment (small-scale, private rooms and bathrooms, residential kitchen, dining room, and hearth), the staffing model for professional and certified nursing assistants, and the philosophy of care. MEASUREMENTS: Scales for 11 domains of resident quality of life, emotional well-being, satisfaction, self-reported health, and functional status were derived from interviews at four points in time. Quality of care was measured using indicators derived from Minimum Data Set assessments. RESULTS: Controlling for baseline characteristics (age, sex, activities of daily living, date of admission, and proxy interview status), statistically significant differences in self-reported dimensions of quality of life favored the GHs over one or both comparison groups. The quality of care in the GHs at least equaled, and for change in functional status exceeded, the comparison nursing homes. CONCLUSION: The GH is a promising model to improve quality of life for nursing home residents, with implications for staff development and medical director roles.
Neurodegenerative disease: C9orf72 repeats compromise nucleocytoplasmic transport

The molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration due to a repeat expansion in C9orf72, the most common cause of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are unknown. Three reports now link compromised nucleocytoplasmic transport to disease pathogenesis. Whether RNA structures or dipeptide repeat proteins are most toxic in humans remains open to question.
Automated Depletion Analysis of PBMR Fuel Using SCALE

The SCALE 5 code system [1] includes sequences to perform automated fuel depletion and decay analyses by coupling one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2D) neutron transport codes with ORIGEN-S to predict the time-dependent variation of isotopic contents in fuel for about 2000 nuclides. In the 1-D depletion analysis sequence, SAS2H, cross sections for ORIGEN-S are developed with a two-step neutronic analysis involving two separate 1-D transport calculations using the XSDRNPM code: the first step develops cell-weighted cross sections for the unit cell, and the second step applies homogenized unit cell materials and cross sections from the first step in a larger system model. The current version of the sequence permits either cylindrical fuel rods or plate-type fuel as the unit cell. The model employed for the second larger cell geometry used to represent an assembly or other fuel configuration is limited to cylindrical geometry. This two-step procedure is well suited for the analysis of spent fuel properties for the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR). A common approach to developing cross sections for PBMR fuel is to first generate homogenized (cell-weighted) cross sections at the fuel grain level, and secondly apply the grain materials and cross sections in the analysis of the entire pebble. Additionally, a third level of homogenization may be used to include heterogeneity of different pebbles or core structures. This paper describes modifications that have been made to the SAS2H depletion analysis sequence of SCALE to permit the automated burnup analysis of spherical PBMR fuel pebbles. Preliminary results have been compared to independent calculations.
Abstract P246: Lean Body Mass, Percent Body Fat, and HbA1c in the U.S. Population: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2006)

Introduction: Weight loss is an important component of diabetes prevention and management because of the known effect of adiposity on insulin resistance. While both muscle (lean mass) and fat mass are known to serve important metabolic functions, most studies of obesity and diabetes use proxy measures for overall or abdominal obesity without accounting for the composition of that mass. The aim of this study was to examine the association of total and trunk lean body mass and fat mass with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) - an indicator of glucose control in persons with diabetes and a risk marker in non-diabetic populations - in the general U.S. population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the NHANES collected in 1999-2006 in participants aged 18-69 years. Lean body mass and percent body fat were determined using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA); analyses were weighted and multiple imputation was applied to account for missing DXA data. Associations of body composition with HbA1C ...
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Serum Infliximab Levels During Maintenance Therapy and Outcomes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background & Aims: A number of observational studies have reported an association between serum levels of infliximab at various thresholds, and clinical outcomes in IBD. This association has not previously been systematically analyzed. Methods: Systematic review of studies that reported serum infliximab levels according to outcomes in IBD. Primary outcome was clinical remission, and secondary outcomes included endoscopic remission, CRP levels and colectomy. Meta-analysis of raw data was performed where appropriate. A quality assessment was also undertaken. Results: Twenty two studies met the inclusion criteria, including 3483 patients. Twelve studies reported IFX levels in a manner suitable for determining effect estimates. During maintenance therapy, patients in clinical remission had significantly higher mean trough IFX levels than patients not in remission; 3.1 μg/ml versus 0.9 μg/ml. The standardized mean difference in serum IFX levels between groups was 0.6 μg/ml (95% CI 0.4-0.9, p=0.0002). Patients with an IFX level > 2 μg/ml were more likely to be in clinical remission (RR 2.9, 95% CI 1.8-4.7, p<0.001), or achieve endoscopic remission (RR 3, 95% CI 1.4 -6.5, p=0.004) than patients with levels < 2 μg/ml. Conclusions: There is a significant difference between serum infliximab levels in patients with IBD in remission, compared to those who relapse. A trough threshold during maintenance >2 μg/ml is associated with a greater probability of clinical remission and mucosal healing.
The New Role for the World Bank

The World Bank was founded to address what we would today call imperfections in international capital markets. Its founders thought that countries would borrow from the Bank temporarily until they grew enough to borrow commercially (NAC 1946, p. 312; Black 1952). Some critiques and analyses of the Bank are based on the assumption that this continues to be its role. For example, some argue that the growth of private capital flows to the developing world has rendered the Bank irrelevant. However, we will argue that modern analyses should proceed from the premise that the World Bank’s central goal is and should be to reduce extreme poverty, and that addressing failures in global capital markets is now of subsidiary importance. The Bank’s stated goal is reducing poverty. The overwhelming majority of Bank subsidies from its shareholder countries go to the International Development Association (IDA), its arm for making grants and highly concessional loans to the lowest-income countries. The Bank’s greatest impact comes from its role in the dramatic policy changes many developing countries have undertaken in multiple sectors that most economists would consider likely to reduce poverty, either by increasing growth or promoting equity. Why might donor countries choose to work through an international organization to advance the goal of reducing poverty? Effective aid often involves
Inheritance of carbaryl resistance and microsomal oxidases in the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

A strain of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), collected from cornfields in Gainesville, FL, developed high levels of resistance to carbaryl. Resistance was inherited as a single, incompletely dominant, autosomal gene. The resistance was associated with increased microsomal oxidase activities. Aldrin epoxidase and biphenyl hydroxylase activities were inherited in an intermediate or dominant manner in the two reciprocal F 1 progeny, indicating the important role of these detoxification enzymes in carbaryl resistance
DPLX: Experiment to Investigate Heating and Stability in Magnetized Rotating Dusty Plasmas

An experimental setup is under construction at the Dusty Plasma Laboratory of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County to study viscous heating and stability in magnetized rotating dusty plasmas. Azimuthal rotation will be imposed on dust, electrons, and ions by having an axial magnetic field $B$ in a vacuum chamber placed inside a 16-cm bore Bitter-type magnet, and a radial electric field $E$ centered at the chamber axis. The resulting $E \times B$ rotation is expected to have sheared rotation, which leads to viscous heating from the radial velocity profile. However, heating may also lead to interchange modes that destabilize the rotation. The planned experiments are motivated by the observations of parabolic ion and electron temperature profiles in hydrogen plasmas in a supersonic rotating magnetic mirror, where ohmic and viscous heating were the only mechanisms available for heating the plasma. The goal of the experimental setup is to magnetize and rotate dust with diameter $ \sim 1~\mu \text{m}$ that can be individually captured by particle velocimetry cameras and software. The Bitter-type magnet is planned for a steady field of 10 T with a minimum duration of 10 s per experiment.
Water and small solute excretion in continuous peritoneal dialysis patients with lean body mass exceeding 90% of body weight as estimated from creatinine kinetics.

Lean body mass computed from creatinine kinetics (LBM) is an index of somatic nutrition and correlates with other nutrition indices in CAPD. However, LBM exceeding 90% of body weight (LBM/W > or = 0.9) may be an index of non-compliance, rather than nutrition. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed fluid and solute excretion in 40 CAPD patients with LBM/W > or = 0.9 (group A). The comparison group (group B) consisted of 885 CAPD patients with LBM/W or = 0.9 during a clearance study in CAPD should trigger an investigation for non-compliance.
Harvest, inventory, and stumpage prices: Consumption outpaces harvest, prices rise slowly

America's appetite for timber will continue to grow, and consumption will exceed domestic harvest over the next 50 years. Imports will supply the bulk of softwood consumption growth in the next 15 years. After 2015, both domestic softwood harvest and imports will expand. Private softwood inventories will rise in all regions and will be higher by 2050 than current levels. Softwood sawtimber stumpage prices will trend upward in all regions, while pulpwood prices will rise only in the final two decades of the projection. Southern hardwood inventories will fall after 2010 with rising stumpage prices. Northern hardwood harvest and inventories will grow, yielding stable pulpwood prices but modestly rising sawtimber prices.
Chern-Moser-Weyl Tensor and Embeddings into Hyperquadrics

A central problem in Mathematics is the classification problem. Given a set of objects and an equivalence relation, loosely speaking, the problem asks how to find an accessible way to tell whether two objects are in the same equivalence class. A general approach to this problem is to find a complete set of (geometric, analytic or algebraic) invariants. In the subject of Several Complex Variables and Complex Geometry, a fundamental problem is to classify complex manifolds or more generally, normal complex spaces under the action of biholomorphic transformations. When the normal complex spaces are open and have strongly pseudo-convex boundary, by the Fefferman-Bochner theorem, one needs only to classify the corresponding boundary strongly pseudoconvex CR manifolds under the application of CR diffeomorphisms. The celebrated Chern-Moser theory is a theory which gives two different constructions of a complete set of invariants for such a classification problem. Among various aspects of the Chern-Moser theory (especially the geometric aspect of the theory), the Chern-Moser-Weyl tensor plays a key role. However, this trace-free tensor is defined in a very complicated manner. This makes it hard to apply in the applications. The majority of first several sections in this article surveys some work done in papers of Chern-Moser [3], Huang-Zhang [14], Huang-Zaitsev [13]. Here, we give a simple and more accessible account on the Chern-Moser-Weyl tensor. We also make an immediate application of the monotonicity property for this tensor to the study of CR embedding problem for the positive signature case.
The high reliability southwest LEO Explorer (SLX-6) CubeSat bus

Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has developed the Southwest LEO EXplorer (SLX-6), a standard 6U CubeSat in a 2U × 3U form factor intended to carry a payload into a variety of Low Earth Orbits. SLX-6 also serves as the basis for the Southwest Deep-Space Explorer (SDX-6) that SwRI is developing for the CubeSat mission to study Solar Particles (CuSP) mission (Figure 2). The SLX-6 is built to a tailored NPR-7120 approach adapted from SwRI's experience in Class B, C, and D missions. Program execution will include bus component selection, testing, and analysis; mechanical design and analysis (structural and thermal); bus and Attitude Determination and Control Subsystem (ADCS) flight software (FSW) definition and tailoring; bus Electrical Ground Support Equipment (which transitions into the ground data system); Assembly Integration and Testing (AIT and NASA operations support. The SLX-6 is novel in three distinct ways when compared to other off-the-shelf CubeSat solutions: the SLX-6 is a high reliability bus; it is robust to all space environments, including radiation; and SwRI offers a one-stop-shop for all portions of a satellite mission. The SLX-6 is designed with a robust parts program that is derived and tailored from EEE-INST-002 to be cost competitive. This same parts program is invoked when selecting radiation tolerant components. Analysis is performed in-house to ensure that the mechanical design of the observatory is compatible with environments in GEVS (GSFC-STDF-7000A). SwRI has extensive experience with all portions of satellite design and test: electrical analysis, design, and test; mechanical analysis, design, and test; flight software analysis, design, and test; component- and bus-level integration, testing, and qualification. SwRI is also presently evaluating quotes a 13meter multi-band ground station on campus. This paper will address the CubeSat description, subsystems, analysis and testing philosophies, and integration and testing approach.
Too Much Idealism? Ferguson, Kissinger, and the Vietnam War

Abstract. Ferguson provides evidence from Kissinger’s early academic writings involving Kantian philosophy and nineteenth century diplomacy, but continuing much later, that his subject was not the one-dimensional realist many have taken him to be. Kissinger was in fact a Kantian idealist, thought Prince Metternich to be backward-looking, and had serious reservations about the thrust of Bismarck’s power politics… Ferguson’s account of his record regarding Vietnam during the Kennedy andJohnson administrations demonstrates that Kissinger never opposed overall war strategy, although he made tactical criticisms of it. Ferguson and Kissinger both neglect evidence that Kennedy was moving in an opposite direction regarding Vietnam, and that serious intra-Vietnam peace talks were underway in 1963. Such neglect leaves a misleading impression about alternatives… Ferguson’s account provides much evidence that Kissinger’s, and US, expectations for what might be obtained at the negotiating table in 1967-68 were unrealistic–this is a cardinal criticism of Kissinger and Nixon’s performance… Kissinger’s premises for continuing in Vietnam were usually geopolitical, rather than based on careful understanding of what was happening on the ground; and his view of power relations, at least during the 1950s and 1960s, gave insufficient attention to the role of nonaligned countries in contributing to international stability. Also, Kissingerthought maintaining US credibility an almost independent rationalefor continuing the war effort. Credibility arguments work best, however, where their advocates are otherwise on the right side of history. Just as the US security framework survived concessions to avoid nuclear war over Berlin or Cuba, it would survive the post-Vietnam consequence thattroop commitments would henceforth be severely limited. The Kissinger-Nixon approach to Vietnam suffered from too little foreign policy realism, not too much. Keywords. Niall Ferguson, Henry Kissinger, John F. Kennedy, Charles DeGaulle, Hans Morgenthau, Vietnam War. JEL. F50, F52, F59.
Reply to Müller: Aristotle on vicious choice

Readers of Aristotle have long been puzzled by the apparent inconsistency between his two main discussions of vice in the Nicomachean Ethics. On the one hand, the Aristotle of Book VII appears to p...
Continuous Authentication With Touch Behavioral Biometrics and Voice on Wearable Glasses

Wearable glasses are on the rising edge of development with great user popularity. However, user data stored on these devices bring privacy risks to the owner. To better protect the owner's privacy, a continuous authentication system is needed. In this paper, we propose a continuous and noninvasive authentication system for wearable glasses, named GlassGuard. GlassGuard discriminates the owner and an impostor with behavioral biometrics from six types of touch gestures (single-tap, swipe forward, swipe backward, swipe down, two-finger swipe forward, and two-finger swipe backward) and voice commands, which are all available during normal user interactions. With data collected from 32 users on Google Glass, we show that GlassGuard achieves 99% detection rate and 0.5% false alarm rate after 3.5 user events on average when all types of user events are available with equal probability. Under five typical usage scenarios, the system has a detection rate above 93% and a false alarm rate below 3% after less than five user events.
An overview of voice conversion systems

Voice transformation (VT) aims to change one or more aspects of a speech signal while preserving linguistic information. A subset of VT, Voice conversion (VC) specifically aims to change a source speakers speech in such a way that the generated output is perceived as a sentence uttered by a target speaker. Despite many years of research, VC systems still exhibit deficiencies in accurately mimicking a target speaker spectrally and prosodically, and simultaneously maintaining high speech quality. In this work we provide an overview of real-world applications, extensively study existing systems proposed in the literature, and discuss remaining challenges.
Por que os antropólogos não gostam de crianças

Dos principais trabalhos em antropologia, poucos se ocupam especificamente das criancas, o que e uma situacao curiosa, uma vez que quase toda a antropologia contemporânea se baseia na premissa de que a cultura e aprendida, nao herdada. Embora as criancas tenham uma capacidade notavel e indiscutivel para o aprendizado em geral, e o da cultura em particular, fato e que a antropologia tem demonstrado pouco interesse nelas e em suas vidas. Este artigo examina os motivos para essa lacuna lamentavel e apresenta razoes teoricas e empiricas para repudia-la. Entendemos que a resistencia aos estudos da infância e um subproduto de (1) uma visao empobrecida da aprendizagem cultural, que superestima o papel desempenhado pelos adultos e subestima a contribuicao das criancas na reproducao cultural e, (2) uma falta de apreciacao do alcance e da forca da cultura infantil, particularmente na formacao da cultura adulta. A proposta deste trabalho e mostrar que a marginalizacao das criancas e da infância obscureceu nossa compreensao de como as formas culturais surgem e do porque elas sao mantidas. Dois estudos de caso, explorando a crenca de criancas norte-americanas sobre a contaminacao social, ilustram esses pontos.
Comparative evaluation of non-associated quadratic and associated quartic plasticity models for orthotropic sheet metals

Abstract A non-associated quadratic model and an associated quartic model are comparatively evaluated in this study for their description of anisotropic yielding and plastic flow of 21 representative sheet metals. The quartic yield stress function used in the associated model is a particularly reduced version of Gotoh’s fourth-order polynomial that has only seven independent material constants. The same experimental inputs of four yield stresses and three plastic strain ratios of a sheet metal are used via simple algebraic relations to calibrate the seven material constants in each model. The modeling results of these selected sheet metals show that both models give nearly identical performance for sheet metal plasticity under uniaxial and equal biaxial tension and similar predictions under other plane stress states. The quadratic yield and flow stress functions are shown however to have a larger domain of admissible yield stress and plastic strain ratios for the case of planar isotropy and it is much easier to verify their strict convexity conditions in general. Once it has been calibrated for each sheet metal considered in this study, Gotoh’s yield function is verified to be convex via a numerical minimization approach. A procedure is suggested to obtain an approximate but convex Gotoh’s yield function in case an as-calibrated Gotoh’s yield function is found to be non-convex. A reduced but convex 3D fourth-order polynomial yield function based on a convex Gotoh’s 2D yield function is also given that matches the total number of independent material constants of a 3D non-quadratic model as well. The 3D quartic rate-independent associated plasticity model may thus be readily implemented in a finite element analysis code for simulating 3D sheet metal forming processes.
Tibetan Language at Home in the Diaspora: The Mother Tongue-Based Bilingual Schooling of Tibetans in India.

ABSTRACTThis conceptual paper reports the rare and unprecedented mother tongue based schooling of Tibetan children in exile in India as a success story that can serve as a model for displaced and indigenous peoples. A brief historical development of Tibetan language is offered to highlight the circuitous journey of Tibetan language from the indigenous to the Diaspora setting. India’s long-standing pluralistic three-language formula (TLF) is, then, described to provide the context for the mother tongue schooling of Tibetan children in the Diaspora. Finally, the unique case of mother tongue based bilingual education of Tibetan children in the Diaspora illustrates the language-as-rights policy capacity to allow an autochthonous language of Tibet to blossom on multilingual Indian soil. Creative suggestions for moving forward with active status, corpus, and pedagogy planning ensure the sustained continuity of Tibetan language in its ancestral land, irrespective of what the future may hold for the Tibetan Diaspora.
Using Stan for Item Response Theory Models

Stan is a flexible probabilistic programming language providing full Bayesian inference through Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithms. The benefits of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo include improved efficien...
A Biographical Sketch

In the opening chapter to his insightful book on Nikos Kazantzakis’s philosophical and theological thought, Jerry H. Gill traces the life of the most famous Cretan writer from childhood on the island of Crete, through excursions around Greece, his studies in Paris and trips to Russia, to his marriage with Eleni/Helen and their survival of World War TwoWW II, to his final travels to China and death in 1957. This sets the stage for the in depth study in the remainder of the book in which Gill follows three strands of nature, human nature, and the nature of God as revealed in Kazantzakis’s major novels and other writings, Zorba the Greek, The Greek Passion, The Fratricides, Saviors of God and Freedom or Death.
Does this integrated law and ethics curriculum promote ethical thinking

In an invited response, the Detroit Mercy, School of Dentistry combined ethics and law four-year curriculum is analyzed. Previous models combining law and ethics have shown more success in the former than the latter. Additional concerns include the lack of an explicit measure of ethical outcomes such as moral reasoning and the assumption that ethical activities engaged in by novices such as the White Coat Ceremony and early written assignments demonstrate competence.
Viscosity Behavior of Halide Glasses and Melts

Viscosity is one of the most important properties of glass-forming systems. At temperatures above the melting point or the liquidus, viscosity and the activation energy for viscous flow provide indirect information on the structure of melts. They also furnish information on the ease of glass-formation and, obviously, the ease of crystallization. At temperatures between the melting point or liquidus and the glass transition temperature Tg, knowledge of viscosity and viscoelasticity is critical to the fabrication of the molten glass into various geometries such as plates and fibers. At temperatures below Tg, the deformation of glass under stress is of vital importance to the use of glass objects at elevated temperatures. Viscosity is of course governed by the structure of the melt and the glass which in turn is influenced by chemical composition. The variations of viscosity of glass-forming systems with temperature and with chemical composition have been well-studied for oxides (1). This is not so for halides. The objectives of this report are to review the status of our knowledge and understanding of halide glasses and melts. Arbitrarily, this review is divided into three sections separated by the three temperature zones as described above.
Tetra­aqua­[2,6-di­acetyl­pyridine bis­(semi­carbazone)]samarium(III) trinitrate

The structure of tetra­aqua­[2,6-di­acetyl­pyridine bis­(semicarbazone)]samarium(III) trinitrate, [Sm(C11H15N7O2)(H2O)4](NO3)3, has monoclinic (P21/c) symmetry. The 2,6-di­acetyl­pyridine (DAPSC) ligand is penta­dentate. The coordination of the DAPSC ligand and four coordinated water mol­ecules around the metal cation is best described as a distorted tricapped trigonal prism. The structure displays inter­molecular hydrogen bonding. The structure is isomorphous with many other published lanthanide(III) nitrate salts with the DAPSC ligand, 2,6-di­acetyl­pyridine­bis­(semicarbazone). One of the three nitrate counter-anions is disordered, which is consistent with the structures of other +3 lanthanide nitrate salts with DAPSC. Refinement of occupancies for the disordered nitrate group gave major and minor occupancies of 54.9 (14) and 45.1 (14)%, respectively.
PET Image Reconstruction Using Deep Image Prior

Recently, deep neural networks have been widely and successfully applied in computer vision tasks and have attracted growing interest in medical imaging. One barrier for the application of deep neural networks to medical imaging is the need for large amounts of prior training pairs, which is not always feasible in clinical practice. This is especially true for medical image reconstruction problems, where raw data are needed. Inspired by the deep image prior framework, in this paper, we proposed a personalized network training method where no prior training pairs are needed, but only the patient’s own prior information. The network is updated during the iterative reconstruction process using the patient-specific prior information and measured data. We formulated the maximum-likelihood estimation as a constrained optimization problem and solved it using the alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm. Magnetic resonance imaging guided positron emission tomography reconstruction was employed as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Quantification results based on simulation and real data show that the proposed reconstruction framework can outperform Gaussian post-smoothing and anatomically guided reconstructions using the kernel method or the neural-network penalty.
Focused attention predicts visual working memory performance in 13-month-old infants: A pupillometric study

Attention turns looking, into seeing. Yet, little developmental research has examined the interface of attention and visual working memory (VWM), where what is seen is maintained for use in ongoing visual tasks. Using the task-evoked pupil response - a sensitive, real-time, involuntary measure of focused attention that has been shown to correlate with VWM performance in adults and older children - we examined the relationship between focused attention and VWM in 13-month-olds. We used a Delayed Match Retrieval paradigm, to test infants' VWM for object-location bindings - what went where - while recording anticipatory gaze responses and pupil dilation. We found that infants with greater focused attention during memory encoding showed significantly better memory performance. As well, trials that ended in a correct response had significantly greater pupil response during memory encoding than incorrect trials. Taken together, this shows that pupillometry can be used as a measure of focused attention in infants, and a means to identify those individuals, or moments, where cognitive effort is maximized.