cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hypomanic personality traits in a community sample of adolescents

The distribution and correlates of hypomanic personality traits were examined in a representative sample of 1709 adolescents. Hypomanic traits were assessed with an abbreviated version of Eckblad and Chapman's (1986) Hypomanic Personality Scale. Hypomanic traits were normally distributed and were slightly but significantly higher among females. Test-retest stability over a mean 14-month interval was 0.54. High scores were associated with elevated lifetime rates of mood, disruptive behavior and substance use disorders. Among subjects with no history of mood disorder, hypomanic traits were associated with a broad range of indices of psychosocial dysfunction, both concurrently and at 1-year follow-up. In addition, hypomanic personality traits predicted increased levels of impairment in a number of areas, including depressive and internalizing symptomatology, over the course of the follow-up. Finally, among subjects with a past history of major depression, hypomanic traits were associated with a higher level of depression at the initial assessment, greater symptomatology and impairment during their worst episode, and higher rates of attempted suicide, comorbid disruptive behavior disorders and recurrent major depressive episodes.
Mood stabilizers in hospitalized children with bipolar disorder: a retrospective review.

A paucity of naturalistic data supported a rationale for the present retrospective review of clinical changes during hospitalization in 44 bipolar pre-adolescents, treated with monotherapy lithium, carbamazepine (CBZ) or divalproex sodium (DVP). Daily staff progress notes and discharge summaries on each patient were read by four trained clinicians blind to treatment group, and rated according to the Clinical Global Impression Improvement (CGI-I) scale. Consensus rating was measured by kappa reliability. Data were analyzed using a general linear model (sas mixed) analysis of variance (anova) with repeated measures. The medication groups did not differ in length of hospitalization, overall severity of illness at the time of admission, or comorbidity. Prior treatment was considered as a covariate. Each group approached serum therapeutic levels at day 7 of the medication period. The estimated mean CGI-I scores for CBZ were systematically higher (i.e. worse) than those for lithium and DVP, which overlapped and crossed over time. The difference became increasingly apparent and was statistically significant by week 2 (P = 0.036). The present study was limited in that the sample sizes, particularly in the case of CBZ, were small, commensurate with the low prevalence of the disorder. Lack of structured interviews, as an independent assessment of diagnoses was an intrinsic limitation of the study. Although constrained by its retrospective nature, our findings suggest that by week 2 of hospitalization both lithium and DVP may be more efficacious than CBZ in bipolar pre-adolescents. Any significant finding must be viewed as tentative and subject to confirmation in other studies.
The Effect of Social Skill Training on the Peer Interaction of Preschool Hearing-Impaired Children

The following study evaluated the effectiveness of a social skills intervention program for preschool hearing-impaired children. A combined multiple baseline-reversal design was used across two groups of three children. Activities were designed that created opportunities for practicing social skills accompanied by instructor modeling and prompting and data on positive and negative interaction were obtained during instructor-directed activities and free play probes. Results showed that (a) positive peer interaction increased for both groups of children, (b) sharing increased more than conversation, (c) positive interaction generalized to the free play setting while the intervention was in effect, and (d) positive interaction decreased when the intervention ceased. The relationship between linguistic competence and social interactions is discussed, and suggestions are made for future research.
Defects detection using a smart ultrasound pulse-echo technique

The objective of this article is to demonstrate the practical usefulness of a simple but smart ultrasound pulse-echo technique as a quality assurance tool to composite processors. The ultrasound pulse-echo technique was applied to four composite slabs; two sheets for each type of fiberglass reinforced plastics, phenolic and polyester, manufactured under different processing conditions: one was made by the normal procedures and the other with deliberate flaws. The experiment was conducted under the double blind test protocol. After systematically analyzing the data and taking care of beam divergence effect, we are able to determine true properties of materials which allows to easily and accurately distinguish defects from controls and simultaneously define different types of defects involved. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Content of Specific Subunits of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase in Pulmonary Vessels From Lambs With Pulmonary Hypertension † 1765

Content of Specific Subunits of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase in Pulmonary Vessels From Lambs With Pulmonary Hypertension † 1765
Expression Specificity of GFAP Transgenes

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament protein found predominantly in astrocytes. This specificity has recommended the GFAP gene promoter for targeting transgene expression to astrocytes. Although both we [Brenner et al. J. Neurosci. 14:1030-1037, (1994)] and others [Mucke et al. New Biol. 3:465-474, (1991)] have reported astrocyte specificity for GFAP promoters, we demonstrate here that these DNA sequences can also direct activity in neurons. The pattern of neuronal activity varied with both the nature of the expressed sequence and the transgene insertion site. Specifically, neuronal expression was very high for a protective protein/cathepsin A minigene, moderate for lacZ and undetectable for GFP. These findings, coupled with a survey of the literature, recommend that investigators using GFAP-driven transgenes verify specificity for each line studied, using a detection system whose sensitivity is sufficient to detect a compromising level of misexpression.
Accuracy and bias in perceptions of emotionally supportive communication in marriage

This study examined accuracy and bias within people's perceptions of a spouse's emotionally supportive behavior in the United States. Hypotheses stated that people's self-reported supportiveness, their marital satisfaction, and outside observers' ratings of their partner's support predict people's perceptions of their partner's supportiveness. Married dyads (N = 100) completed measures of marital satisfaction, engaged in a discussion about personal stressors, and rated their own and their spouse's emotional support during the interaction. Third-party observers also provided a rating of each partner's emotionally supportive behavior. For husbands and wives, perceptions of partner support were positively associated with their own supportiveness and the partner's observable supportive communication. Marital satisfaction predicted greater perception of partner support for wives, but not for husbands.
Developmental Studies on Microbodies in Wheat Leaves : II. Ontogeny of Particulate Enzyme Associations.

Crude particulate fractions from wheat leaves (Triticum vulgare L.) were separated on continuous sucrose density gradients, resulting in: broken chloroplasts, a mitochondrial fraction (indicated by cytochrome c oxidase), and microbodies. The visible band of the microbody fraction from adult leaves appears at a buoyant density of 1.25 grams per cm(3) and contains most of the activities of catalase, glycolate oxidase, and hydroxypyruvate reductase on the gradient. In the shoots of freshly soaked seeds, catalase is already highly particulate. During further development in light or in darkness, 40 to 60% of the total activities of catalase and glycolate oxidase and 25 to 40% of the total activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase are always found in the particulate fractions of the leaves. In young developmental stages, the peaks of the activity profiles of the microbody enzymes appear on sucrose gradients at relatively low densities, first between 1.17 to 1.20 grams per cm(3). During development in light, the buoyant density of the microbody fraction shifts to the final value of 1.25 grams per cm(3). However, even after 1 week of growth in the dark, the microbody fraction from etiolated leaves was observed at buoyant densitites 1.17 to 1.24 grams per cm(3) and did not appear as a defined visible band. A characteristic visible microbody band at a buoyant density 1.24 grams per cm(3) was found when the dark-grown seedlings received only three separate 5-minute exposures to white light. A similar peak was also obtained from light-grown leaves in which chloroplast development had been blocked by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole.
Overview of ATLAS quarkonium results with first data

A brief commentary on the recent results in quarkonium production released by the ATLAS experiment from pp collisions at s = 7 TeV with 9.5 – 17.5 nb−1 of integrated luminosity in the context of the longer-term quarkonium production mechanism programme in ATLAS.
Erythrocyte volume stability with plasma osmolarity changes in exercising man.

SummaryIncreasing the plasma osmolarity up to 12% with muscular exercise does not measurably change the volume of the erythrocyte in man. The results of this investigation emphasize that indiscriminate extrapolation of observations from in vitro studies to in vivo conditions may lead to erroneous conclusions. There is no evidence that the human red cell in vivo does not behave as an osmometer; however, its reactivity to osmotic changes does not necessarily result in volume changes because of other simultaneously occurring compensatory events. Consequently, the procedure of correcting the measured total relative red cell volume (Hct) for changes in plasma osmolarity should be used with discretion.The authors thank Dr. J. E. Greenleaf for his advice during the preparation of the manuscript.
A revised +10±4 °C magnitude of the abrupt change in Greenland temperature at the Younger Dryas termination using published GISP2 gas isotope data and air thermal diffusion constants

Abstract We revisit the portion of (Nature 391 (1998) 141) devoted to the abrupt temperature increase reconstruction at the Younger Dryas/Preboreal transition. The original estimate of +5 to +10 °C abrupt warming is revised to +10±4 °C. The gas isotope data from the original work were employed, combined with recently measured precise air thermal diffusion constants (Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67 (2003a) 345; J. Phys. Chem. 23A (2003b) 4636). The new constants allow a robust interpretation of the gas isotope signal in terms of temperature change. This was not possible at the time of the original work, when no air constants were available. Three quasi-independent approaches employed in this work all give the same result of a +10 °C warming in several decades or less. The new result provides a firm target for climate models that attempt to predict future climates.
Characterization of copy number variation in genomic regions containing STR loci using array comparative genomic hybridization

Abstract Short tandem repeat (STR) loci are commonly used in forensic casework, familial analysis for human identification, and for monitoring hematopoietic cell engraftment after bone marrow transplant. Unexpected genetic variation leading to sequence and length differences in STR loci can complicate STR typing, and presents challenges in casework interpretation. Copy number variation (CNV) is a relatively recently identified form of genetic variation consisting of genomic regions present at variable copy numbers within an individual compared to a reference genome. Large scale population studies have demonstrated that likely all individuals carry multiple regions with CNV of 1 kb in size or greater in their genome. To date, no study correlating genomic regions containing STR loci with CNV has been conducted. In this study, we analyzed results from 32,850 samples sent for clinical array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis for the presence of CNV at regions containing the 13 CODIS (Combined DNA Index System) STR, and the Amelogenin X (AMELX) and Amelogenin Y (AMELY) loci. Thirty-two individuals with CNV involving STR loci on chromosomes 2, 4, 7, 11, 12, 13, 16, and 21, and twelve with CNV involving the AMELX/AMELY loci were identified. These results were correlated with data from publicly available databases housing information on CNV identified in normal populations and additional clinical cases. These collective results demonstrate the presence of CNV in regions containing 9 of the 13 CODIS STR and AMELX/Y loci. Further characterization of STR profiles within regions of CNV, additional cataloging of these variants in multiple populations, and contributing such examples to the public domain will provide valuable information for reliable use of these loci.
Influence of al, co, and si upon the kinetics of the proeutectoid ferrite reaction

The effects ofca. 3 at. pct of Al, Si, or Co upon the kinetics of grain boundary ferrite allotriomorph formation (and thus upon hardenability) relative to those in Fe-C alloys of comparable carbon content were evaluated. All three alloying elements displace the TTT curve for the initiation of transformation to shorter times at the higher reaction temperatures. Both aluminum and silicon increase the parabolic rate constant for allotriomorph thickening,α, relative to that in their counterpart Fe-C alloys; the influence of cobalt uponα, if any, is appreciably less. In the Fe-C-Al and Fe-C-Si alloys, thickening proceeds noticeably less rapidly than volume diffusion control (as assessed by Atkinson’s analysis of the growth of an oblate ellipsoid) allows. In the Fe-C-Co and Fe-C alloys, the average calculated and experimental α’s are in better agreement but, evidently as a result of the presence of dislocation facets at a broad face of allotriomorphs, some allotriomorphs actually thickened more rapidly than calculated. The substantial scatter inα in all alloys was also attributed to these facets. Indirect determinations indicated that all three elements increased the rate of nucleation of ferrite allotriomorphs.
Neurally mediated hypotension and chronic fatigue syndrome

A substantial body of clinical evidence now supports an association between various forms of hypotension and both idiopathic chronic fatigue and the chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Patients with CFS have a high prevalence of neurally mediated hypotension, and open treatment of this autonomic dysfunction has been associated with improvements in CFS symptoms. Randomized trials are now in progress to evaluate the efficacy of treatments directed at neurally mediated hypotension in those with CFS patients, and the results of these trials should help guide more basic inquiries into the mechanisms of orthostatic intolerance in affected individuals.
Optimization of the Manufacturing Process of a Titanium Aluminide Metal Matrix Composite Using a Viscoplastic Constitutive Theory

The thermomechanical behavior of a titanium aluminide metal matrix composite reinforced with silicon carbide fibers is computationally investigated to determine an optimum manufacturing process. The investigations are completed using the Ramaswamy-Stouffer constitutive model and the finite element method. Hold times at a given temperature were used in an effort to allow the residuals stresses to relax. However, the subsequent temperature changes erased the benefit of such holds. Thermomechanical cycling was determined to be the optimum method for reducing the residual stress field after cooldown from consolidation.
Revascularization of the Heart through the Coronary Veins

Fifty-six dogs were used in a study to evaluate perfusion of the left anterior descending vein by the internal mammary artery in hearts with normal coronary arteries and those with ligated desending coronary arteries. Perfusion of the myocardium with arterial blood through the cardiac veins offers minimal immediate protection from infarction, as evidenced by light and electron microscopy studies. This protection is of short duration due to intimal fibrosis and luminal stenosis or obstruction of the perfused veins. Nineteen animals in which the coronary vein was perfused and the corresponding coronary artery was not ligated died within sixty hours from the time of operation. Pathological examination revealed patent grafts in all the animals. There was marked congestion of the myocardium with petechial hemorrhages over the surface of the heart. No evidence of myocardial infarction was found.
THE PROFESSIONAL LEARNER AND PERFORMER

This study investigates the field of higher education and expertise development for learning and performing the double bass. The aim is to draw a picture of how the double bass is currently learned and performed by the learning student, the supervising professor and the performer working in a symphony orchestra, to find out whether if there were any significant differences between the three groups in their approaches to practice and performance. Results indicated that the achievement of expertise on the double bass is multifaceted and implies the development of multiple tasks and skills which soon have to be fostered and experienced in the field of learning and performing. Significant differences between the three groups were detected in the area of demography, experiences, knowledge, and their approaches to practice. Recommendations and implications for further investigation indicate that a wider perspective of learning, practice, self-evaluation in combination of the usage of technology for practice support and feedback should be taken into account for enhancing performance ability for the double bass.
Coherence and apparent transfer function measurements for nonlinear physiological systems

Many studies of physiological systems utilize input-output experimental data to develop mathematical descriptions (models) of the system dynamics. Linear methods in the frequency domain are most commonly employed to obtain transfer function characteristics in the form of gain and phase plots. Coherence measurements are a companion tool in these studies, aimed at testing the linearity assumption and assessing the quality of the experimental data (i.e. the noise content). Many physiological systems possess intrinsic nonlinearities. The effect of these nonlinearities on the aforementioned measurements has been largely a matter of conjecture. This paper is a rigorous study of how coherence and apparent transfer function measurements are affected by system nonlinearities. The study is placed in the framework of the Volterra-Wiener theory of nonlinear systems, and it is intended to assist biomedical investigators in interpreting their experimental results in such cases. The class of quadratic nonlinear systems is discussed in greater detail, and simulation examples are presented in order to illustrate some of the more practically important analytical derivations.
On renaming a set of clauses as a horn set

Abstract Let S = {C1, …, Cm} be a set of clauses in the propositional calculus and let n denote the number of variables appearing these clauses. We present and O(mn) time algorithm to test whether S can be renamed as a Horn set.
Deep-vein thrombosis diagnosed during labor

A 24-year-old, gravida one para zero, at 37 and 2/7 weeks gestation with twins, was diagnosed with bilateral ileofemoral deep-vein thrombosis during labor induction. The induction was discontinued, and the patient was moved to the operating room for elective Cesarean section and placement of a Greenfield filter.
Internal motions of the three hydroxymethyl groups in aqueous sucrose

Abstract 13C NMR spin-lattice relaxation times and nuclear Overhauser enhancements were measured as a function of temperature, concentration, and magnetic field strength for sucrose solutions in D2O. Using these data, we determined the spectral density functions for 1H13C dipole-dipole interactions at each of the three hydroxymethyl groups in sucrose. The experimental results showed that the frequency dependence of the spectral densities is characterized by the same correlation time as that for overall molecular rotation, but rapid internal motions reduce the spectral density amplitudes. Model calculations suggest that the internal motions may be described as torsional librations.
The language teaching matrix

Richards explains how effective language teaching involves a network of interactions between curriculum, methodology, teachers, learners, instructional materials. Each chapter discusses and examines the theoretical and practical dimensions of a central issue in language teaching. Topics covered include the nature of effective teaching, self-monitoring in teacher development, language and content, and teaching listening, speaking, reading and writing. Richards presents key issues in an accessible and highly readable style, and shows how teachers and teachers-in-training can be involved in the investigation of classroom teaching and learning. The emphasis is not on prescriptions but rather on developing effective teaching through understanding the various factors that interact in second language learning and in the second language classroom.
Isolation of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4 from a Gray Fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) with Canine Distemper

In February 1993, clinical, pathological, and microbiological investigations were performed on an adult female gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) from northern Mississippi (USA). The fox had clinical signs consistent with canine distemper virus encephalitis. Eosinophilic inclusions characteristic of canine distemper virus were in the nuclei and cytoplasm of cerebral neurons and glial cells and in the cytoplasm of urinary, gastric, pancreatic and biliary epithelial cells. The liver contained multifocal microscopic nodular foci of granulomatous to pyogranulomatous inflammation and necrosis with large colonies of small Grain-negative coccobacilli. A low number of small Gram-positive bacilli were within viable-appearing Kupffer cells and hepatocytes. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4 were isolated from the liver and a mesenteric lymph node.
Assessment and Treatment of Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder in the College and University Population

The assessment and treatment of students with borderline personality traits or disorders poses specific challenges for clinicians at college and university mental health centers complicated, frequently, by a model of brief treatment frameworks and high patient volumes. Students with borderline pathology will be well represented in student health centers and will likely generate unusually complex and concerning situations for clinicians and administrators. Accurate diagnosis of borderline pathology, avoidance of iatrogenic complications related to misdiagnosis, and referral to informed and evidence-based interventions can guide clinicians’ management. Risk management concerns are best addressed by a clear and realistic understanding of the borderline pathology. The author proposes a variety of interventions for college and university mental health clinicians with the goal of accurate diagnosis of borderline personality, management focusing on safety for both students and clinicians, and targeted referrals ...
Periodicity of Susceptibility to Pneumococcal Infection: Influence of Light and Adrenocortical Secretions

Circadian periodicity of susceptibility to pneumococcal infection was altered but not abolished in blind or adrenalectomized mice. Serum corticosterone concentrations 24 hours after pneumococcal challenge were greatest in animals challenged at 0400 hours, a time when circulatory corticosterone is lowest; the smallest absolute increase in serum corticosterone followed challenge at 1600 hours.
852. Chromatin Study of Adenovirus Vector DNA In Vivo

Top of pageAbstract Recombinant adenoviral vectors are robust at transgene expression in a wide variety of tissues including the liver. While adenoviral- mediated transgene expression can be persistent in the absence of toxicity, very little is know about the structure of the adenoviral genome once it enters the nucleus. Our interest is related to the chromatin structure of both 1st generation and gene-deleted adenoviral vectors in vivo. We have previously established that intact plasmid DNAs that are silenced have a different chromatin structure than minicircle DNAs devoid of bacterial plasmid DNA sequences, which are persistently active in vivo. We hypothesized that upon entering the nucleus, adenoviral DNA will be packaged in cellular histones and form chromatin structures similar to those observed with transcriptionally active plasmid DNAs. By using chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP), we have begun comparing the chromatin modifications of adenoviral vector, plasmid, and minicircle DNAs over the course of time after vector administration into mouse liver. Our preliminary results show differences in histone modifications between adenoviral genomes and plasmid DNAs. Further analyses should allow us to determine if histone modifications play a role in transgene expression from episomal vectors in vivo.
Secondary structures of nucleic acids in organic solvents. III. Relationship of optical properties to conformation.

Abstract Data on the absorbancy and optical rotation of various nucleic acids were analyzed with the assumption that each nucleic acid could form only one type of formal secondary structure, and the extent of this structure was a linear function of some optical property. Based on above assumptions, optical properties of these polymers could be represented by a summation of contributions from three factors; the intrinsic properties of the constitutive monomeric units, the interaction of the groups due to primary structure, and the interaction of the groups due to secondary structure. These contributions were evaluated for various nucleic acids under different pH, temperature, and solvent conditions. Comparison of secondary structural contributions of polymers indicated that absorbancy was less sensitive and rotation was more sensitive to the segment size of helical regions. Poly C, which had a complex spectrum sensitive to pH and temperature changes, gave incongruous results as compared with all other synthetic polynucleotides and nucleic acids which were examined.
After Reaching Retirement Age Physical Activity Sustains Cerebral Perfusion and Cognition

Among neurologically normal volunteers approaching age 65 with an option for retirement, a four-year prospective longitudinal study was designed to examine effects of different levels of physical activity on cerebral perfusion by between-group comparisons. After the fourth year, cognitive performance was also tested. Three groups were compared, each composed of 30 elderly volunteers, assigned as follows: Group 1, who continued to work; Group 2, who retired but participated in regular physical activities; and Group 3, who retired but did not participate in regular, planned physical activities. Retirees who elected to become physically inactive exhibited significant declines in cerebral blood flow (CBF) throughout four years of follow-up. Those who continued to work or retirees who elected to participate in regular activities sustained more constant CBF levels. Active retirees and those who continued to work also scored better on cognitive testing after the fourth year of follow-up compared to inactive retirees.
The Apparent Flexibility of Bonds in Paddlewheel-Type Compounds.

The effect of crystalline environment on the metal−metal and metal−ligand bond lengths is studied in two molecules representative of the compounds containing strong, multiple bonds between two metal atoms and the paddlewheel structural motif. The compounds chosen for this were Ru2(chp)4Cl (chp = 2-chloro-6-oxypyridinate anion) and [Re2Cl8]2-, whose structures were determined from several crystalline forms.
1-Bit Compressed Sensing Based Framework for Built-in Resonance Frequency Prediction Using On-Chip Noise Sensors

Significant noise will occur when the load currents of a chip contain frequency components that are close to its resonance frequency, which is mainly decided by power delivery network (PDN) capacitance and package inductance. Yet with technology scaling, the wire parasitic capacitance, which suffers from large process variations, starts to become a dominant contributor in the PDN capacitance, leading to a large resonance frequency variation across dies. It is thus important to know the resonance frequency of individual chips to effectively avoid resonance noise at runtime. Existing methods are mostly based on frequency sweeping, which are too expensive to apply to individual chips. In this paper, we propose a novel framework to predict the resonance frequency using existing on-chip noise sensors, based on the theory of 1-bit compressed sensing. Experimental results on industrial designs show that compared with frequency sweeping, our proposed framework can achieve up to 7.6× measurement time reduction under the same accuracy, with 15% resonance frequency variation. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the very first work to point out the need of as well as a practical solution to the resonance frequency prediction for individual chips.
Comparing spiritual transformations and experiences of profound beauty.

Certain highly emotional experiences have the potential to produce long-lasting and meaningful changes in personality. Two such experiences are spiritual transformations and experiences of profound beauty. However, little is known about the cognitive appraisals or narrative elements involved in such experiences, how they are similar, and how they differ. In a study of emotion-related narratives, these experiences were found to share many features but also differ in their valence. Experiences of profound beauty are almost always positive, but spiritual transformations are both positive and negative. Moreover, spiritual transformations seem to produce long-lasting change, but experiences of profound beauty, although evocative, do not seem to produce long-lasting change. An emotion approach helps to elucidate two understudied but important emotional experiences.
Symptom Management of Affective and Cognitive Disturbance With a Group of Cancer Survivors

Cancer survivors 65 years of age and older experience treatment-induced memory impairments. However, clinicians do not intervene for these cognitive problems. This article describes the findings from a pilot study of a memory versus health training intervention and its adaptability for cancer survivors for symptom management. Design and Methods A convenience sample of older adults was enrolled in a longitudinal study of a memory and health training intervention and tested on five occasions for 2 years postintervention. The memory training was designed to increase cognitive performance, reduce anxiety, decrease negative attributions, promote health, and increase memory self-efficacy. In this analysis, we included change over time for the first four of the five data collection points. We calculated means and standard deviations on the memory measures for cancer survivors in the intervention ( n = 8) and comparison ( n = 14) groups. The analysis consisted of a mixed design analysis of variance comparing the two intervention groups across four periods for 12 months. Results The typical cancer survivor in the sample was a 74-year-old Caucasian female; 14% were minorities. Because of the small sample, some of the effects were not statistically significant. Moderate to large effects were revealed in everyday and verbal memory performance scores, memory self-efficacy, strategy use, and memory complaints. There were also moderate effects for group-by-time interactions on the visual memory performance measure, the memory self-efficacy measure, the depression, the trait anxiety measure, and the complaints subscale. The memory intervention group tended to improve more than the health training group, although this was not always consistent. The results suggested that the participants benefited from the memory training intervention. Implications Clinicians are often at a loss on how to intervene with cancer survivors who are experiencing cognitive problems following chemotherapy treatment. Evidenced-based interventions for this aspect of symptom management are almost nonexistent. The Cognitive Behavioral Model of Everyday Memory (CBMEM), derived from Self-Efficacy theory provides an evidence-based intervention for symptom management.
Gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of primary and secondary fatty alcohols and diols as their tert.-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives

Abstract The use of gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) with derivatizing agents which give stable derivatives and informative fragmentation patterns allows for accurate identification of a variety of compounds. In this comprehensive study, the tert.-butyldimethylsilyl (tBDMS) derivatives of saturated and unsaturated primary alcohols, iso-and anteiso-primary alcohols, branched alcohols, secondary alcohols and primary diols were produced and analyzed by GLC-MS. Most derivatized alcohols produced prominent mass minus 57 [M-57]+ fragment ions, which, combined with their respective retention data and other key fragment ions, allows for their identification and analysis.
Investigation and Repair of Glazed Brick Cladding: A Case Study

The design and repair of exterior glazed brick walls differ from that of unglazed (normal) brick walls. Water that penetrates a typical brick wall usually enters through mortar joints, through failed sealant joints, and by absorption of the brick and mortar. Much of this water escapes the wall by evaporation from the face of the wall. However, the impervious face of ceramic glazed brick significantly reduces the amount and rate of evaporation of water that enters a wall, thereby exposing the glazed brick cladding to spalling caused by the freezing of moisture trapped in the brick units. In addition, since the glaze will trap efflorescence in the brick, the buildup of this cryptoflorescence behind the glaze can result in spalling of the glazed surface of the brick. Therefore, the prevention of water penetration into the masonry wall and the rapid removal of water that has entered the wall are critical to the successful performance and durability of glazed brick clad walls. This paper discusses the common failure modes of glazed brick walls and the current industry recommendations for the design and detailing of glazed brick walls. A case study of a project that includes the investigation of a wall with spalled glazed brick and the design and installation of new glazed brick on the wall is presented. This paper discusses the specification of glazed brick materials; the difficulties in color matching new glazed brick to existing glazed brick; the design and detailing of a new glazed brick wall; and other repair methods to prevent water infiltration and increase the durability of glazed brick walls.
Flow through a finned channel filled with a porous medium

Abstract Viscous flow through a channel filled with a porous medium and obstructed by periodic fins is studied analytically. The Darcy–Brinkman equation is solved by series expansion and boundary collocation. The problem is governed by both the porous medium parameter k and the fin geometry. There are no recirculating eddies for parallel flow along the fins, while for transverse flow recirculating cells may exist between the fins, but can be suppressed by increased k . The resistance is smaller (flow larger) if the pressure gradient is along the fins than that transverse to the fins.
Approaches to creating and controlling motion in MRI

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can provide three dimensional (3D) imaging with excellent resolution and sensitivity making it ideal for guiding and monitoring interventions. The development of MRI-compatible interventional devices is complicated by factors including: the high magnetic field strength, the requirement that such devices should not degrade image quality, and the confined physical space of the scanner bore. Numerous MRI guided actuated devices have been developed or are currently being developed utilizing piezoelectric actuators as their primary means of mechanical energy generation to enable better interventional procedure performance. While piezoelectric actuators are highly desirable for MRI guided actuation for their precision, high holding force, and non-magnetic operation they are often found to cause image degradation on a large enough to scale to render live imaging unusable. This paper describes a newly developed piezoelectric actuator driver and control system designed to drive a variety of both harmonic and non-harmonic motors that has been demonstrated to be capable of operating both harmonic and non-harmonic piezoelectric actuators with less than 5% SNR loss under closed loop control. The proposed system device allows for a single controller to control any supported actuator and feedback sensor without any physical hardware changes.
Understanding the role of the prefrontal cortex in phonological processing

Lesion studies have demonstrated impairments of specific types of phonological processes. However, results from neuropsychological studies of speech sound processing have been inconclusive as to the role of specific brain regions because of a lack of a one-to-one correspondence between behavioural patterns and lesion location. Functional neuroimaging studies have contributed more detailed information about the involvement of specific brain regions in a wide range of phonological tasks. A framework developed by Hickok and Poeppel to account for these neuropsychological and neuroimaging results is evaluated in light of a series of phonological studies in which cognitive load is manipulated by changing the acoustic properties and lexical status of stimuli, as well as the type of phonological judgement. Overall, the findings for speech stimuli are consistent with the view that tasks that require increased articulatory recoding result in increased activation of the posterior aspect of the inferior frontal gyrus (BA 44). However, similar activation patterns for tone sequences as compared to speech may challenge whether the recoding is speech-specific. Implications of these investigations for future neuroimaging studies of individuals with aphasia are discussed.
Constraint Databases and Geographic Information Systems

Constraint databases and geographic information systems share many applications. However, constraint databases can go beyond geographic information systems in efficient spatial and spatiotemporal data handling methods and in advanced applications. This survey mainly describes ways that constraint databases go beyond geographic informa- tion systems. However, the survey points out that in some areas con- straint databases can learn also from geographic information systems.
RELATIONSHIP DISSOLUTION FOLLOWING INFIDELITY: THE ROLES OF ATTRIBUTIONS AND FORGIVENESS

Abstract Although infidelity is a problem faced by many couples, some are able to recover from this trauma while others decide to terminate their relationship. This study investigates how attributions and forgiveness influence the likelihood of relationship dissolution following infidelity. Responses from 87 individuals who had experienced infidelity in a romantic, heterosexual relationship showed that forgiveness fully mediated the association between attributions and relationship termination. In addition, individuals who initiated breakup following a partner–s infidelity reported lower levels of forgiveness than those whose partners initiated the breakup. These findings are discussed in terms of interventions designed to help couples recovering from infidelity.
Strengthening Classroom Emotional Support for Children Following a Family Member's Death.

National and international organizations have identified schools as having an unparalleled potential to offer supportive services for children’s mental health needs. This article reviews research a...
Valuing Interest Rate Swaps Using OIS Discounting

The financial crisis of 2007-09 precipitated a significant change in the practice of interest rate swap valuation. Going from traditional LIBOR to OIS (overnight indexed swap) discounting might not seem to be a profound event but it is more than just another method to calculate fair values for over-the-counter derivative contracts. It embodies newfound appreciation of counterparty credit risk and the role of collateral and central clearing. Implementation of OIS discounting has created a cottage industry for risk management consultants and trainers to deal with the technicalities of the new approach. From my academic perspective, it is clear that many of our finance textbooks that cover interest rate swaps need to be revised.The first section of this note reviews interest rate swap valuation in principle, the reasons for the move from LIBOR to OIS discounting, the implications for swap rates, and the 'winners and losers' that arise from the transition. The second section works through a numerical example to illustrate the calculations. This entails bootstrapping a sequence of discount factors that are consistent with interest rate swaps that have a market value of zero. The implied LIBOR forward curve is derived (or, in general, the forward curve for the money market reference rate). This curve becomes particularly important under OIS discounting when valuing a swap as a combination of fixed-rate and floating-rate bonds.Fortunately for risk managers, OIS discounting uses the same types of analytic techniques as the traditional approach. However, there are some differences that are beyond the scope of this note, for instance, calculating the sensitivities of swap values to changes in OIS rates and the LIBOR-OIS spread (i.e., working with dual curves rather than a single curve for risk measurement) and dealing with cross-currency swaps. Also, LIBOR is an interest rate that reasonably can be assumed to vary day by day in the interbank market whereas OIS rates are more directly a tool of monetary policy, suggesting that rate volatility depends on the pattern and timing of policy meetings and actions.
A Specialized Domestic Violence Court in South Carolina: An Example of Procedural Justice for Victims and Defendants

The current research details interviews with 50 victims and 50 defendants who participated in a specialized criminal domestic violence court in Lexington County, South Carolina. These victims and defendants indicated satisfaction with their court experiences, thought the process allowed them to voice their views, felt they were treated with respect, and were generally satisfied with the outcome of their cases. Court observations and interviews with court personnel confirmed that this court has successfully incorporated victims and defendants into the decision-making process while also providing a fair system to address the issue of violence against women.
Perceptual assumptions and projective distortions in a three-dimensional shape illusion.

We examine a shape illusion, in which the balconies of a building appear to tilt up or down, depending on the viewpoint. The balconies are actually level parallelogram shapes, but appear as tilted ...
An Empirical Study about the Critical Factors Affecting MIS Students' Job Opportunities

For the first time in many years, Management Information Systems (MIS) students and faculty are seeking ways to improve full-time job placement for program graduates. Due to sharp IT budget cuts, the slowing economy, and outsourcing, job opportunities for MIS graduates have become scarcer than ever before. In addition to achieving good academic performance, MIS students have adopted aggressive approaches to securing employment, such as building MIS-related internship experiences, adding additional majors, and taking more technical course work. Research on the critical factors affecting MIS full-time job opportunities has not received enough attention, and little empirical research is currently available. There are several factors generally known to affect full-time job opportunities for graduates. These factors include the intern-like work experience, nature of work experience, multiple majors, the timing of major declaration, grade point average, and gender difference. An urgently needed empirical study has been completed and the results are reported in this paper.
A simplified arthropod genomic-DNA extraction protocol for polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based specimen identification through barcoding

Genomic DNA extraction protocols generally require the use of expensive and hazardous reagents necessary for decontamination of phenolic compounds from the extracts. In addition, they are lengthy, hindering large-scale sample extractions necessary for high-throughput analyses. Here we describe a simple, time and cost-efficient method for genomic DNA extraction from insects. The extracted DNA was successfully used in a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), making it suitable for automation for large-scale genetic analysis and barcoding studies. The protocol employs a single purification step to remove polysaccharides and other contaminating compounds using a non-hazardous reagent buffer. In addition, we conducted a bioinformatics database analysis as proof of concept for the efficiency of the DNA extraction protocol by using universal barcoding primers specific for cytochrome c oxidase I gene to identify different arthropod specimens through Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) database search. The usefulness of this protocol in various molecular biology and biodiversity studies is further discussed.
Decisional balance among potential implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients: development of the ICD-decision analysis scale (ICD-DAS).

Introduction Sudden cardiac death is a well-documented public health problem and the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) has demonstrated benefit in reducing mortality. Prospective patients must identify and evaluate the ICD's pros and cons and produce a personal decision. The purpose of this study was to create and evaluate a measure of patient-evaluated pros and cons of the ICD, and its relationship to patient decision regarding ICD implantation. Methods and Results The ICD–decision analysis scale (ICD-DAS) was created and tested in prospective ICD recipients (N = 104). Factor analysis was performed to evaluate interitem relationships, and subsequently, identified subscales; additional psychosocial measures were used to predict the ICD decision. A two-factor measure for ICD decision making was established with two subscales: ICD Pros and ICD Cons. The subscales have high internal consistency and were strong predictors of intent to choose an ICD. Other psychosocial measures were not significantly predictive of ICD Choice, yet simultaneous entry of ICD Pros and Cons subscales resulted in a significant increase in R2, F(2, 59) = 19.36, P < 0.001. The full model was significantly greater than zero, F(11, 70) = 5.017, P < 0.001, R2 = 0.48. Conclusion The ICD-DAS provides the first empirically tested and clinically useful approach to understanding the specific pros and cons for prospective ICD patients. The measure can assist clinicians with patient-centered discussions regarding sudden cardiac arrest treatments. The ICD-DAS will allow for the provision of tailored education or counseling and may be used to predict postdecision outcomes.
Impairment of translation in neurons as a putative causative factor for autism.

Background A dramatic increase in the prevalence of autism and Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) has been observed over the last two decades in USA, Europe and Asia. Given the accumulating data on the possible role of translation in the etiology of ASD, we analyzed potential effects of rare synonymous substitutions associated with ASD on mRNA stability, splicing enhancers and silencers, and codon usage.