cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Coherent exponentials in p ¯ p elastic scattering

It is shown that three coherent exponentials can represent the entire center-of-mass angular distribution in $\overline{p}p$ elastic scattering for the most accurate available experiments. The parametrization is significantly better determined if the ratios of the slopes of the exponentials are constrained. The most effective constraints are those corresponding to a simple absorption picture in which the absorbing (Pomeron) amplitude is only half as steep in $t$ as the unabsorbed amplitude.
Effect of Malathion on Larval Competition between Aedes albopictus and Aedes atropalpus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Aedes atropalpus (Coquillett) (Diptera: Culicidae) are container-dwelling mosquito species that are well established in the eastern United States. Interspecific larval competition studies have shown Ae. albopictus to be a superior competitor over many species. A laboratory experiment was conducted in artificial containers to evaluate the effects of malathion on larval interactions between Ae. albopictus and Ae. atropalpus. The survivorship of Ae. albopictus increased with increasing Ae. atropalpus densities in control but decreased with increasing Ae. atropalpus densities in the presence of malathion. Alternatively, Ae. atropalpus survivorship did not differ between control and malathion treatments. Developmental times were not affected by interspecific competition in both treatments for either species. These results show that malathion could facilitate coexistence between Ae. albopictus and Ae. atropalpus. This demonstrates how sublethal concentrations of malathion (and perhaps other pesticides with similar modes of action) can enable an inferior competitor to coexist in the same habitat with a superior competitor. This is the first report of synergistic survival of a weaker mosquito competitor in the presence of a pesticide due to condition-specific competition.
Drug effect study on proliferation and survival pathways on cell line-based platform: A stochastic hybrid systems approach

In this paper, a model that combining cell population and genetic regulation within a single cell by using stochastic hybrid systems is proposed. The objective is to study the response of a population of cancer cells to various drugs that targeting the proliferation and survival pathways. The proposed model captures both the dynamics of the cell population and the dynamics of gene regulations within each individual cell. We use drug Lapatinib applied to colon cancer cell line HCT-116 as an example to validate the proposed model. Simulation results demonstrate the phenomena that observed in TGen experiments.
Extensional-flow-induced crystallization of isotactic polypropylene

A filament stretching extensional rheometer with a custom-built oven was used to investigate the effect of uniaxial flow on the crystallization of polypropylene. Prior to stretching, samples were heated to a temperature well above the melt temperature to erase their thermal and mechanical histories and the Janeschitz-Kriegl protocol was applied. The samples were stretched at extension rates in the range of $0.01\,\mbox{s}^{-1}\le \dot{{\varepsilon }}\le 0.75\,{\rm s}^{-1}$ to a final strain of e = 3.0. After stretching, the samples were allowed to crystallize isothermally. Differential scanning calorimetry was applied to the crystallized samples to measure the degree of crystallinity. The results showed that a minimum extension rate is required for an increase in percent crystallization to occur and that there is an extension rate for which percent crystallization is maximized. No increase in crystallization was observed for extension rates below a critical extension rate corresponding to a Weissenberg number of approximately Wi = 1. Below this Weissenberg number, the flow is not strong enough to align the contour path of the polymer chains within the melt and as a result there is no change in the final percent crystallization from the quiescent state. Beyond this critical extension rate, the percent crystallization was observed to increase to a maximum, which was 18% greater than the quiescent case, before decaying again at higher extension rates. The increase in crystallinity is likely due to flow-induced orientation and alignment of contour path of the polymer chains in the flow direction. Polarized light microscopy verified an increase in number of spherulites and a decrease in spherulite size with increasing extension rate. In addition, small angle X-ray scattering showed a 7% decrease in inter-lamellar spacing at the transition to flow-induced crystallization. Although an increase in strain resulted in a slight increase in percent crystallization, no significant trends were observed. Crystallization kinetics were examined as a function of extension rate by observing the time required for molten samples to crystallize under uniaxial flow. The crystallization time was defined as the time at which a sudden increase in the transient force measurement was observed. The crystallization time was found to decrease as one over the extension rate, even for extension rates where no increase in percent crystallization was observed. As a result, the onset of extensional-flow-induced crystallization was found to occur at a constant value of strain equal to e c = 5.8.
In the Spotlight: Cardiovascular Engineering

This article reviews the development of patient-specific image-based models of the heart and the circulatory system. The goal of these types of models is to provide better assessment of cardiovascular function under the patient-specific pathophysiological conditions and to serve as a testbed for improved cardiovascular therapies that are tailored to the patient. These new models constitute a part of the growing trend towards the development of new computational approaches (i.e., computational medicine) that can aid treatment and prevention of human disease.
Development of graphene FETs for high frequency electronics

Recent advances in fabricating, measuring, and modeling of top-gated graphene FETs for high-frequency electronics are reviewed. By improving the oxide deposition process and reducing series resistance, an intrinsic cut-off frequency as high as 50 GHz is achieved in a 350-nm-gate graphene FET at a drain bias of 0.8 V. This f T value is the highest frequency reported to date for any graphene transistor, and it also exceeds that of Si MOSFETs at the same gate length, illustrating the potential of graphene for RF applications.
The Enclave, the Citadel, and the Ghetto What has Changed in the Post-Fordist U.S. City

The author defines classic ghetto as the result of the involuntary spatial segregation of a group that stands in a subordinate political and social relationship to its surrounding society, the enclave as a voluntarily developed spatial concentration of a group for purposes of promoting the welfare of its members, and the citadel as created by a dominant group to protect or enhance its superior position. The author describes a new phenomenon, connected to global economic changes: the outcast ghetto, inhabited by those excluded from the mainstream economy by the forces of macroeconomic developments. The distinction among these differing forms of spatial separation is crucial for a number of public policies.
Spherical Topic Models

We introduce the Spherical Admixture Model (SAM), a Bayesian topic model for arbitrary l2 normalized data. SAM maintains the same hierarchical structure as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), but models documents as points on a high-dimensional spherical manifold, allowing a natural likelihood parameterization in terms of cosine distance. Furthermore, SAM can model word absence/presence at the document level, and unlike previous models can assign explicit negative weight to topic terms. Performance is evaluated empirically, both through human ratings of topic quality and through diverse classification tasks from natural language processing and computer vision. In these experiments, SAM consistently outperforms existing models.
Utility of Extended Blood Culture Incubation for Isolation of Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, and Kingella Organisms: a Retrospective Multicenter Evaluation

The incidence of and average time to detection for Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, and Kingella (HACEK) bacteria in blood cultures with standard incubation and the utility of extended incubation of blood culture bottles were reviewed at four tertiary care microbiology laboratories. HACEK organisms were isolated from 35 (<0.005%) of 59,203 positive blood cultures. None of 407 blood cultures with extended incubation grew HACEK or other bacteria. Bacteremia from HACEK bacteria is rare, and extended incubation of blood cultures to recover HACEK bacteria is unnecessary.
Genetically meaningful phenotypic subgroups in autism spectrum disorders

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with strong evidence for genetic susceptibility. However, the effect sizes for implicated chromosomal loci are small, hard to replicate and current evidence does not explain the majority of the estimated heritability. Phenotypic heterogeneity could be one phenomenon complicating identification of genetic factors. We used data from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, head circumferences, and ages at exams as classifying variables to identify more clinically similar subgroups of individuals with ASD. We identified two distinct subgroups of cases within the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange dataset, primarily defined by the overall severity of evaluated traits. In addition, there was significant familial clustering within subgroups (odds ratio, OR ≈ 1.38–1.42, P < 0.00001), and genotypes were more similar within subgroups compared to the unsubgrouped dataset (Fst = 0.17 ± 0.0.0009). These results suggest that the subgroups recapitulate genetic etiology. Using the same approach in an independent dataset from the Autism Genome Project, we similarly identified two distinct subgroups of cases and confirmed this severity-based dichotomy. We also observed evidence for genetic contributions to subgroups identified in the replication dataset. Our results provide more effective methods of phenotype definition that should increase power to detect genetic factors influencing risk for ASD.
Constructing Daily Routines: A Qualitative Examination of Mothers With Young Children With Disabilities

This qualitative research study explored the daily routines that mothers construct in response to the emerging self-care skills of their young children with disabilities. Over 2 months, data were collected from naturalistic observations and in-depth interviews of six mothers and their children. Ecocultural theory was used to examine the influence of ecological constraints and cultural values on the construction of routines. The daily occupations of these families were shaped by the simultaneous process of accommodating to ecocultural influences and anticipating future possibilities. A mother's vision for her child's future also played a pivotal role in determining whether emerging skills would be reinforced as a part of the home routines.
Fidelity issues in secondhand smoking interventions for children

This paper reviews methodological and theoretical fidelity of secondhand smoking (SHS) intervention studies (n=29) that target protection of children in their home. In 2005, interventions were evaluated in terms of treatment fidelity according to guidelines provided by Borrelli et al. of the National Institutes of Health Behavior Change Consortium. The degree of fidelity was evaluated based on the percentage of criteria met; the inter-rater reliability based on percent agreement across independent raters was 0.78. Analysis indicated that studies with higher treatment fidelity were more likely to obtain statistically significant results (p=.003) with the average fidelity rating of 0.74 for statistically significant studies vs. 0.50 for statistically non-significant studies. Higher treatment fidelity was also significantly associated with being a more recent investigation (year 2000 or later), an efficacy as compared to effectiveness trial, more intensive as compared to less intensive intervention, a trial in the U.S. as compared to foreign nations, and having a theoretical basis. After taking all other variables into account, only treatment fidelity was significantly related to study outcome (p=.052). Ratings of treatment fidelity were ranked and compared to previous rankings based on 342 behavioral change interventions; the rank-ordered correlation between previous and current ratings was 0.84, although median fidelity ratings were 0.10 points lower in the previous than in the present study (0.52 vs. 0.62; intraclass correlation=0.79). Improvements to the treatment fidelity evaluation guidelines were suggested, including the consideration of theoretical fidelity. Enhancing methodological and theoretical fidelity will speed identification of valid theoretical precepts that will, in turn, guide effective public health prevention programs.
Accounting Scandal Announcements: A Test Of Market Efficiency

This paper examines the hypothesis that the stock market overreacted to accounting scandals during 2002, resulting in extensive drops in share value followed by return reversals that reveal market inefficiencies. Data are gathered for nine firms directly involved in an accounting scandal, as well as the major competitors of those firms. An empirical test of returns for all thirty-three firms reveals that an investment strategy of selling short scandal firms and their competitors, followed by a contrarian investment strategy of buying those same stocks, resulted in risk-adjusted returns well above those expected for a period of one year after the scandal. These results reveal stock market inefficiencies and a potential to realize abnormal returns by capitalizing on investor overreaction.
Genomic DNA from Mice: A Comparison of Recovery Methods and Tissue Sources

Our aim is to identify an extraction method and the source of mouse tissue(s) that could allow a high-resolution genomic scan from a living mouse. We compared and optimized two methods for yield, purity of DNA, and their use in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of DNA extracted from different mouse tissues. In addition to whole blood, tissue samples from the brain, liver, testis, and tail were included in this study. The Rapid Method (RM) is preferable for the whole blood samples and testis and brain tissue samples because it is quicker, less toxic, and more cost-effective than the proteinase K method (PM). For liver the PM produced higher yields of DNA with less degradation than the RM. For tail tip, the PM produced a higher yield of DNA, but the RM resulted in a higher yield of PCR product. From a living mouse, a tail snip generated a sufficient amount of DNA for several hundred PCRs but not a complete genomic scan. We suggest that the RM can be used to extract genomic DNA for a complete genomic scan which requires either testicular tissues or repeated blood samples from the suborbital sinus over several months without sacrificing the animal.
Langland's Reading and Writing: Detractor and the Pardon Passus

The purpose of this essay is to present a new interpretation of the pardon passus of Langland's Piers Plowman, an interpretation justified by a gloss in the Psalter commentary of Hugh St.-Cher, which, as I will show, was Langland's source. The proof that he was reading this commentary depends in part on our recognizing that medieval books, because of their physical character, were most likely to have been read in a certain way. It depends in part on our seeing that the Z-text of the poem, recently published by George Rigg and Charlotte Brewer, is indeed the first draft, because the quotations in the A-text but not in the Z-text can be more easily understood as added in a revision than as included from the beginning. One group of these quotations can be seen as added because they all treat, or come from contexts which treat, a common theme justifying Langland's assembly of them. Another group occurs in a single gloss from Hugh's Psalter commentary on a verge Langland quotes, and which itself belongs to the group made coherent by a common theme. These two groups account for all but one of the quotations in question, and may account for that one as well. What I will describe is a process of composition: that Langland wrote the Z-text while reading certain books in a certain meditative way; that late in the process of writing the Z-text he began to use Hugh's Psalter commentary; that when he finished the Z-text and published it, he got a reaction which sent him back to the Psalter, and to Hugh's commentary, and probably also to a glossed Proverbs, from which he compiled material for a revision of his poem which puts its point even more forcefully and clearly than before. A part of this forcefulness is the Pardon passus, which in the light of Hugh's commentary can be seen not only as a defense of a certain kind of Christianity, but also as Langland's personal defense against his critics. My focus in this essay is the pardon passus, and I will therefore deal with the other
Política cultural/ industrias creativas

El articulo examina la teoria y la historia de la politica cultural, un discurso de la Ilustracion amenazado por el discurso de la nueva derecha de las industrias creativas. El discurso de las industrias creativas representa la respuesta mas interesante y productiva a una crisis de relevancia de las humanidades y al surgimiento de una sociedad del conocimiento. Luego se proporciona un breve estudio de caso sobre asuntos ambientales relacionados, con el fin de subrayar el riesgo de que las prioridades industriales dominen las culturales.
The Psychiatrist’s Guide to Right and Wrong: Part IV: The Insanity Defense and the Ultimate Issue Rule

In the wake of Hinckley , widespread public dissatisfaction with the role of psychiatrists in insanity defense litigation prompted Congress in 1984 to amend the Federal Rules of Evidence to prohibit psychiatric testimony on the ultimate legal issue of whether or not a defendant is insane. APA’s Statement on the Insanity Defense served as the ably articulated premise for this evidentiary amendment. APA argued that in going beyond their psychiatric expertise by answering ultimate issue questions as to whether defendants are legally insane, experts are likely to confuse the jury and undermine public confidence in psychiatry. APA also asserted that there was an impermissible logical leap between scientific psychiatric inquiry and moral-legal conclusions on the ultimate issue of insanity. This article reviews the origins, history, and vicissitudes of the Ultimate Issue Rule and analyzes the Statement on the Insanity Defense from both a legal and psychiatric perspective on the issue of whether psychiatrists should answer the ultimate question in insanity cases. The analysis suggests that APA’s conclusions are not supported on scientific or evidentiary grounds, but may be warranted as a policy consideration to safeguard the public image of psychiatry.
(Z)-3-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-2-(3,4,5-tri­methoxy­phen­yl)acrylonitrile

In the title compound, C20H18N2O3, the C=C bond of the acrylonitrile group that links the indole and the 3,4,5-trimeth­oxy­phenyl rings has Z geometry, with dihedral angles between the plane of the acrylonitrile unit and the planes of the benzene and indole ring systems of 21.96 (5) and 38.94 (7)°, respectively. The acrylonitrile group is planar (r.m.s. deviation from planarity = 0.037 A). Mol­ecules are linked into head-to-tail chains that propagate along the b-axis direction by bifurcated N—H⋯O inter­molecular hydrogen bonds, which form an R12(5) motif between the indole NH group and the two meth­oxy O atoms furthest from the nitrile group.
Predictive learning, knowledge discovery and philosophy of science

Various disciplines, such as machine learning, statistics, data mining and artificial neural networks, are concerned with estimation of data-analytic models. A common theme among all these methodologies is estimation of predictive models from data. In our digital age, an abundance of data and cheap computing power offers hope of knowledge discovery via application of statistical and machine learning algorithms to empirical data. This data-analytic knowledge has similarities and differences with classical scientific knowledge. For example, any scientific theory can be viewed as an inductive theory because it generalizes over a finite number of observations (or experiments). The philosophical aspects of induction and knowledge discovery have been thoroughly explored in Western philosophy of science. This philosophical analysis dates back to Kant and Hume. Any knowledge involves a combination of hypotheses/ideas and empirical data. In the modern digital age, the balance between ideas (mental constructs) and observed data (facts) has completely shifted. Classical scientific knowledge was produced mainly by a stroke of genius (e.g., Newton, Maxwell, and Einstein). In contrast, much of modern knowledge in life sciences and social sciences is derived via data-analytic modeling. We argue that such data-driven knowledge can be properly described following the methodology of predictive learning originally developed in VC-theory. This paper presents a brief survey of the philosophical concepts related to inductive inference, and then extends these ideas to predictive data-analytic knowledge discovery. We contrast the differences between classical first-principle knowledge, data-analytic knowledge and beliefs. Several application examples are used to illustrate the differences between classical statistical and predictive learning approaches to data-analytic modeling. Finally, we discuss interpretation of data-analytic models under predictive learning framework.
Solvation Properties of Microhydrated Sulfate Anion Clusters: Insights from abInitio Calculations

Sulfate–water clusters play an important role in environmental and industrial processes, yet open questions remain on their physical and chemical properties. We investigated the smallest hydrated sulfate anion clusters believed to have a full solvation shell, with 12 or 13 water molecules. We used ab initio molecular dynamics and electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory, with semilocal and hybrid functionals. At both levels of theory we found that configurations with the anion at the surface of the cluster are energetically favored compared to fully solvated ones, which are instead metastable. We show that infrared spectra of the anion with different solvation shells have similar vibrational signatures, indicating that a mixture of surface and internally solvated geometries are likely to be present in the experimental samples at low temperature. In addition, the computed electronic density of states of surface and internally solvated clusters are hardly distinguishable at finit...
Pharmacogenomics for the primary care provider: why should we care?

Personalized medicine promises to improve the quality and lower the cost of care if physicians integrate into practice useful new findings, such as information gleaned from pharmacogenomic testing.
Evaluation of Energy Usage for a Teaching and Research Complex

The evaluation of energy performance for a teaching and research complex located in South Florida was carried out by auditing the energy bills, on-site data monitoring, and numerical simulation by computer. To facilitate the process of on-site data monitoring, a remotely controlled, wireless thermal monitoring system was deployed in the building. The system can automatically collect the temperature, relative humidity ratio, illumination intensity, and building electricity usage data for analysis. The contribution and savings potential of each energy consumption component is analyzed for the whole building. From the audit result it is obvious that laboratory equipment is the dominant electricity consumption factor. The fluctuation pattern of electricity usage due to artificial lighting demonstrates the effectiveness of occupancy sensors for energy saving during evenings, weekends and holidays. The trend of HVAC chilled water consumption rate follows closely with the indoor and outdoor temperature difference. Since the HVAC coil load represents the building's total cooling requirement, the ratio between chilled water rate and temperature difference reflects the building's comprehensive thermal resistance. This coefficient can be used as a new building energy index for future energy audits of similar buildings. Finally, computer software simulates several proposed energy saving scenarios, e.g. reducing the HVAC fresh air percentage, adding energy wheel to recycle the wasted cooling, etc. The result shows that installing energy wheel can save more cooling load than other methods, however such benefit is compromised by its extra motor electricity usage.Copyright © 2006 by ASME
Discussion on the Windows NT Server's Router

It is very useful to resolve the lacking IP address, the network sharing resource, the network Security problem, and the local network's administrating for using the Windows NT server's router.
Eigenvalue dynamics in the presence of nonuniform gain and loss

Loss-induced transmission in waveguides and reversed pump dependence in lasers are two prominent examples of counterintuitive effects in non-Hermitian systems with patterned gain and loss. By analyzing the eigenvalue dynamics of complex symmetric matrices when a system parameter is varied, we introduce a general set of theoretical conditions for these two effects. We show that these effects arise in any irreducible system where the gain or loss is added to a subset of the elements of the system, without the need for parity-time symmetry or for the system to be near an exceptional point. These results are confirmed using full-wave numerical simulations. The conditions presented here vastly expand the design space for observing these effects. We also show that a similarly broad class of systems exhibit a loss-induced narrowing of the density of states.
One moment in research.

Recently, I was approached by one of my Texas colleagues and asked if I could help out with some legislation before the Texas state Senate. The bill (HJR90), which would authorize $3 billion for cancer prevention and research over the next 10 years, had passed the Texas House of Representatives, and was currently "in process" in the state Senate.
Trauma Informed Clinical Social Work Practice: Case Composite with Court-Involved Adolescent

ABSTRACTAccording to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Puzzachera, 2013), there were approximately 1.47 million arrests of juveniles in the United States reported in 2011, including 68,150 serious violent crimes and 190,000 simple assaults. These data demonstrate that violent crimes are a significant national issue. Past studies have indicated that court-involved and delinquent adolescents frequently report a history of trauma symptoms and exposure to violence. The goal of this article is to present a framework for practice with court-involved youth that reflects the intersection of literature on adolescent development, trauma, and court-involved youth. Improving our understanding of the influence that trauma has on court-involved adolescents will support our ability to better understand the needs of this population in terms of treatment and crime prevention. This article presents a trauma-specific context for addressing the needs of court-involved youth from developmental, neurob...
The Displacement of Atoms

The struck lattice atom of energy T is referred to as a primary knock-on atom, or PKA. This atom moves through the lattice encountering other lattice atoms. Such encounters may result in sufficient energy transfer to displace this lattice atom from its site resulting in two displaced atoms.
Anthropotechnology: Sloterdijk on Environmental Design and the FoamWorlds of Co-Isolation

AbstractThe paper has two primary goals. The first is to re-examine the dynamics of cultural change by applying the innovative interpretations of German theorist and cultural historian Peter Sloterdijk, who contends that the ways we traditionally have made and understood our built environment are grossly inadequate in our contemporary media-saturated, war-weary, biotechnological world. The second is to show how such a reinterpretation of space, architecture, and culture could help us to learn to design better and act by way of an “anthropotechnology” (Sloterdijk’s word) that is simultaneously developmental and threatening – that might enable us to find an orientation in a world of complexity, and thus more positively shape our lives and future world. Sloterdijk’s intriguing concepts – spheres of immunization (bubbles, globes, foams), co-isolation, dyads, tensegrity – hold great promise for the next pulse of architectural, planning, and construction theory.
Fiber transmission penalties due to EDFA power transients resulting from fiber nonlinearity and ASE noise in add/drop multiplexed WDM networks

We analyze fiber transmission penalties due to erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) power transients that result from fiber nonlinearity and ASE noise in a chain of 10-20 EDFAs with as many as 32 wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) channels. We find due to worst case power transients: (i) system performance is severely degraded (up to few 10s of dB) both in single-mode fiber and dispersion-shifted fiber, (ii) the SNR can be reduced up to 8 dB in a 32-channel system, and (iii) a control channel to suppress power/SNR transients may impose an additional few dBs, which increases with the bit rate.
Insulin-induced Effects on the Subcellular Localization of AKT1, AKT2 and AS160 in Rat Skeletal Muscle.

AKT1 and AKT2, the AKT isoforms that are highly expressed in skeletal muscle, have distinct and overlapping functions, with AKT2 more important for insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism. In adipocytes, AKT2 versus AKT1 has greater susceptibility for insulin-mediated redistribution from cytosolic to membrane localization, and insulin also causes subcellular redistribution of AKT Substrate of 160 kDa (AS160), an AKT2 substrate and crucial mediator of insulin-stimulated glucose transport. Although skeletal muscle is the major tissue for insulin-mediated glucose disposal, little is known about AKT1, AKT2 or AS160 subcellular localization in skeletal muscle. The major aim of this study was to determine insulin’s effects on the subcellular localization and phosphorylation of AKT1, AKT2 and AS160 in skeletal muscle. Rat skeletal muscles were incubated ex vivo ± insulin, and differential centrifugation was used to isolate cytosolic and membrane fractions. The results revealed that: 1) insulin increased muscle membrane localization of AKT2, but not AKT1; 2) insulin increased AKT2 phosphorylation in the cytosol and membrane fractions; 3) insulin increased AS160 localization to the cytosol and membranes; and 4) insulin increased AS160 phosphorylation in the cytosol, but not membranes. These results demonstrate distinctive insulin effects on the subcellular redistribution of AKT2 and its substrate AS160 in skeletal muscle.
A greedy randomized algorithm achieving sublinear optimality gap in a dynamic packing model

We consider an infinite-server system, where multiple customers can be placed into one server for service simultaneously, subject to packing constraints. Customers are placed for service immediately upon arrival, and leave the system after service completion.
[Abraham Joly (1748-1812), a breaker of the hospital chains].

Abraham Joly (1748-1812) est credite d'avoir interdit l'utilisation de fers et de chaines pour contenir des malades mentaux dans les dernieres annees du XVIII e siecle, periode mouvementee avec la revolution de 1792, la Terreur de 1794, puis l'annexion de Geneve a la France en 1798. Joly a occupe durant environ trois decennies avec distinction des postes a responsabilite au sein de l'Hopital general de Geneve, comme procureur-directeur, puis comme hospitalier, enfin comme membre puis comme president de la Societe de Bienfaisance. Fut-il, comme certains le pensent, un precurseur de Pinel ?
Imidazole-Appended Macrocyclic Complexes of Fe(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) as ParaCEST Agents.

The solution chemistry and solid state structures of the Co(II), Fe(II), and Ni(II) complexes of N,N′-bis(imidazole-2-ylmethyl)-4,10-diaza-15-crown-5 (HINO) are reported. The Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes of HINO are the first examples of paraCEST agents (paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer) that feature exchangeable imidazole NH protons. The crystal structures of [Co(HINO)]CoCl4·H2O and [Fe(HINO)](CF3SO3)2 have the metal ions coordinated to four nitrogen and three oxygen donor atoms of the macrocyclic ligand in a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometry. In [Ni(HINO)](CF3SO3)2, the nickel ion is bound to only two of the three ether oxygens and three nitrogens to produce a complex with a distorted octahedral geometry. The 1H NMR spectra of the three paramagnetic complexes show resonances characteristic of effective C2 symmetry in solution. CEST peaks attributed to the imidazole NH proton of the pendent group are observed at 32 and 55 ppm away from bulk water for [Co(HINO)]2+ and [Ni(HINO)]2+...
Randomized Electronic Promotion of Lung Cancer Screening: A Pilot

PurposeScreening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography is endorsed by the US Preventive Services Task Force, but many eligible patients have yet to be offered screening. Major barriers to the implementation of screening are physician and system related—the requirement for a detailed smoking history, including pack-years, to determine eligibility. We conducted this pilot to determine the feasibility of lung cancer screening (LCS) promotion that would offer screening to eligible persons and patient completion of smoking history to estimate the size of the population of former smokers who may be eligible for LCS in a single health care system.Patients and MethodsTwo hundred participants were randomly selected from former smokers who were seen at the University of Minnesota Health in the past 2 years and assigned to control (usual care) and electronic promotion, stratified by age. Electronic messages to promote LCS were sent to an intervention group, including a link to complete a detailed smoking...
Left Habenular Activity Attenuates Fear Responses in Larval Zebrafish

Summary Fear responses are defensive states that ensure survival of an organism in the presence of a threat. Perception of an aversive cue causes changes in behavior and physiology, such as freezing and elevated cortisol, followed by a return to the baseline state when the threat is evaded [1]. Neural systems that elicit fear behaviors include the amygdala, hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex. However, aside from a few examples, little is known about brain regions that promote recovery from an aversive event [2]. Previous studies had implicated the dorsal habenular nuclei in regulating fear responses and boldness in zebrafish [3–7]. We now show, through perturbation of its inherent left-right (L-R) asymmetry at larval stages, that the dorsal habenulo-interpeduncular (dHb-IPN) pathway expedites the return of locomotor activity following an unexpected negative stimulus, electric shock. Severing habenular efferents to the IPN, or only those from the left dHb, prolongs the freezing behavior that follows shock. Individuals with a symmetric, right-isomerized dHb also exhibit increased freezing. In contrast, larvae that have a symmetric, left-isomerized dHb, or in which just the left dHb-IPN projection is optogenetically activated, rapidly resume swimming post shock. In vivo calcium imaging reveals a neuronal subset, predominantly in the left dHb, whose activation is correlated with resumption of swimming. The results demonstrate functional specialization of the left dHb-IPN pathway in attenuating the response to fear.
Law As a Crisis for the Rule of Law: A Speculative Essay

This brief essay, for a collection edited by Carolina Deik, “Crisis of the Rule of Law,” to be published in Colombia, describes some ways in which too much law can be as problematic as too little law. After noting that law’s complexity can introduce some of the arbitrariness that the rule of law seeks to overcome, the essay uses the example of anti-corruption law to suggest how enforcing the law at the retail level might weaken the overall system of the rule of law by eroding public confidence in public institutions, and, sometimes, by weakening those institutions themselves.
Getting the Funding You Need to Support Your Research: Navigating the National Institutes of Health Peer Review Process

Abstract Most biomedical research conducted at research centers and academic institutions in the United States is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Translational and clinical research can be difficult to plan, describe, and carry out, and most clinician scientists receive little training in grant writing. Rejected grant applications can challenge the ego, cause critical delays, or result in loss of research opportunities, particularly if the research project is linked to ongoing clinical trials. A thorough understanding of the NIH peer review process will help both new and established clinical investigators be more competitive in applying for research funds. The purpose of this chapter is to provide (1) an overview of the NIH and the NIH peer review process, (2) suggestions for writing more competitive grant applications, (3) brief descriptions of some NIH grant programs for clinical researchers at various stages of their careers, and (4) ways to find current information about the NIH grants process when you are ready to apply.
Conxita Domènech, "La "Guerra dels Segadors" en comedias y panfletos ibéricos. Una historia contada a dos voces (1640-1652)"

Resena de Conxita Domenech, La «Guerra dels Segadors» en comedias y panfletos ibericos. Una historia contada a dos voces (1640-1652) , Reichenberger, Kassel, 2016, 245 pp. ISBN: 9783944244457.
Los trastornos de la Isla de la Tortuga

Hace unos meses Jose Buscaglia publico un articulo de apenas veinte paginas que merece mas comentarios que muchos mamotretos enjundiosos. Se titula “El Caribe al final de la era usoniana. Hacia un nuevo modelo de confederacion”, y aparece en el numero 23 de la revista Aguaita, del Observatorio del Caribe en Cartagena de Indias. Me propongo resumirlo y “sacarle punta”, sumandole algunas ideas. El titulo va directo al tema. Buscaglia asume el pesimo diagnostico economico-politico de los Estados Unidos, discutido ya como asunto de primer orden por una gran cantidad de analistas fuera y dentro de ese pais. La “gran nacion” va viniendo a menos y todo indica que terminaron para siempre jamas sus dias “gran”. ?Como pinta el escenario del Caribe tras este mutis por el foro de la potencia que lo considero una vez su mare nostrum, cual el imperio romano le llamo al Mediterraneo? Buscaglia responde con un analisis y una propuesta brillante.
GASTRIC Ca+2 or Mg+2-ATPase: RELATIONSHIP WITH H+,K+-ATPase

This chapter discusses the differential sensitivity of the AF-stimulated H+, K+-ATPase to Ca +2 or Mg +2 -ATPase in gastric H + transport. A Ca +2 or Mg +2 -stimulated ATPase activity has recently been demonstrated in a light membrane fraction from the acid secreting cells of fundic mucosa. The light membranes have recently been identified to be derived from the apical membranes of the parietal cells. The apical membrane when treated with an endogenous activator (AF) recently purified to homogeneity, manifested a huge H + , K + -ATPase activity. Both cyclic AMP and Ca +2 are well-known intracellular second messengers of gastric H + transport. Hormonal signals trasnmitted in the form of intracellular Ca +2 level may be improtant for both the initiation (turn-on) and termination (turn-off) of gastric H + transport. Because H + , K + -ATPase cannot function with Ca +2 as the divalent cation, it is likely that the Ca +2 -form may be dominating under resting condition, thus preventing AF activation of the pump. With the flow of metabolic energy (ATP) following stimulation, the inhibitory Ca +2 may be pumped out by the gastric Ca +2 -ATPase, thereby allowing the Ca +2 -form to be converted to the H + , K + -ATPase form.
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF CTENOPHORES IN LARGE SCALE ENCLOSURES OVER SEVERAL YEARS

ABSTRACT For five years (1974–78) populations of the ctenophores Pleurobrachia and Bolinopsis have occurred in large (70–1,300 m3) transparent containers along with other components of the natural pelagic ecosystem of Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, which was the site of the study. This report reviews the population dynamics of the ctenophores, particularly in relation to growth, fecundity and mortality, as affected by different experimental conditions, such as numbers and kinds of prey organisms, and discusses how interactions between ctenophores and their prey can produce conditions which both promote and inhibit the successful development of the carnivore populations.
Assessing Transgender-Related Content in Radiography Programs in the United States: A Survey of Educators.

Abstract Introduction Imaging science technologists care for diverse populations of individuals and need to be adequately prepared to provide optimal patient care that reduces any potential disparities among these individuals. In particular, exposure to transgender individuals is increasing in today's society. The purpose of this research study was to examine the extent to which transgender-related content is taught in radiography programs in the United States by surveying educators to assess their knowledge of, experience with, and readiness to teach such content. Methods A survey was designed to determine radiography educators’ knowledge of, awareness of, and preparedness to teach imaging considerations related to transgender individuals. A total of 325 radiography educators participated in this study. Results The results suggested that transgender-related content is not being consistently taught in radiography programs in the United States. Radiography educators are limited in their preparedness (readiness) to teach the imaging considerations related to transgender patients; however, they believe it is important to incorporate such content in the radiography curriculum. A weak negative correlation was identified between educators’ perceived level of importance of incorporating transgender-related content and their years of teaching experience. Discussion Although most of the participants in this study indicated they would be comfortable teaching transgender-related content in their radiography programs, their knowledge and awareness of the unique imaging considerations related to transgender individuals were limited. There is a need for professional development training programs and continuing education opportunities to assist radiography educators in teaching and delivering transgender-related content in the radiography curriculum in the United States. Conclusion Instruction pertaining to the imaging considerations of transgender individuals is limited in radiography programs in the United States. Future research is warranted to further investigate this topic.
Powerful moments in sports: the most significant sporting events in American history

Throughout his writing career over the past two decades, Martin Gitlin, the author of more than one hundred books, has provided his insightful introductions of famous figures and phenomena. His lat...
Rates of lobar atrophy in asymptomatic MAPT mutation carriers.

Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to investigate the rates of lobar atrophy in the asymptomatic microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) mutation carriers. Methods MAPT mutation carriers (n = 14; 10 asymptomatic, 4 converters from asymptomatic to symptomatic) and noncarriers (n = 13) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging and were followed annually with a median of 9.2 years. Longitudinal changes in lobar atrophy were analyzed using the tensor-based morphometry with symmetric normalization algorithm. Results The rate of temporal lobe atrophy in asymptomatic MAPT mutation carriers was faster than that in noncarriers. Although the greatest rate of atrophy was observed in the temporal lobe in converters, they also had increased atrophy rates in the frontal and parietal lobes compared to noncarriers. Discussion Accelerated decline in temporal lobe volume occurs in asymptomatic MAPT mutation carriers followed by the frontal and parietal lobe in those who have become symptomatic. The findings have implications for monitoring the progression of neurodegeneration during clinical trials in asymptomatic MAPT mutation carriers.
Family Integrity and Incarcerated Parents: Bridging the Divide

This Note seeks to understand how people in prison may lose their parental rights as a result of their incarceration, despite long-established Fourteenth Amendment doctrine protecting family integrity and the ability to care for one's children. Focusing on New York State as a case study, I argue that parents in prison are governed by an alternative, social-welfare family law regime in which aggressive state interference is normalized and constitutional protections of liberty and privacy do not fully apply. I suggest that by exposing this approach as harmful to children, advocates for incarcerated parents can take a step towards bridging the two family law paradigms and bringing greater recognition to the rights of incarcerated parents and their families. INTRODUCTION 176 1: THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO FAMILIAL INTEGRITY .. 179 A. Origins and Scope ........ 179 B. Procedural and Substantive Protections ..... 182 11. A SECOND FAMILY LAW REGIME-HOW THE PARENTAL RIGHTS OF PEOPLE IN PRISON ARE TERMINATED BY THE STATE......... ....... 184 A. Theoretical Framework: Family Law Bifurcation .... ...... 184 t J.D. Candidate, Yale Law School, Class of 2012. Thank you to Reva Siegel, Hope Metcalf, Phillip Genty, Jean Koh Peters, Judith Resnik, Giovanna Shay, Dori Lewis, Zachary Herz, Albert Monroe, Lorraine Van Kirk, Tassity Johnson, Gabriele Hayden, Margaret Mitchell, Amanda Alexander, Marbre Stahly-Butts, Amanda Gutierrez, and the members of the Yale Law School Critical Race Theory Reading Group for all your valuable feedback and support. Copyright C 2012 by the Yale Journal of Law and Feminism Yale Journal of Law and Feminism B. The Adoption and Safe Families Act: Initiating the TPR Petition ...... 186 C. Incarceration and Parental Fitness: Barriers to an Individualized Determination ..... 189 State Law Overview 190 Case Study: Termination of Parental Rights in New York State 192 Barrier #1: Diminished Responsibility to Reunify the Family ....194 Barrier #2: Obstacles to Maintaining Contact and Planning for the Future 196 Barrier #3: Prison Sentence as Permanent Neglect 197 III: BRIDGING THE DIVIDE ..... 198 A. Nicholson v. Williams: Using Litigation to Expose Family Law Bifurcation 199 B. Applying Nicholson: The Best Interests of the Child 202 C. The ASFA Expanded Discretion Bill ....... 206 CONCLUSION ...... 208