cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A stable space marching finite differences algorithm for the inverse heat conduction problem with no initial filtering procedure

Abstract We consider the one-dimensional semi-infinite linear inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP) and present a new solution algorithm based on singular perturbation techniques. The new method successfully incorporates the needed initial filtering procedure of the noisy data into the marching scheme. The concept of formal stability for the IHCP is analyzed and its relationship with the high frequency components of the measured data funciton is further studied by comparing the new method with the mollification method and the method of Weber. A fully explicit space marching finite differences scheme is developed and several numerical experiments of interest, showing the accuracy and stability properties of the algorithm in the presence of noisy data and for small dimensionless time steps, are investigated.
Northern Hemisphere glaciation and its sensitivity to basal melt water

Abstract A finite element model for ice sheets has been modified to include an accounting of basal melt water. The calculated amount of basal water is used to find the velocity of ice sliding over the bed. The interplay of the basal water and sliding velocity is investigated by a series of modeling experiments. Simulations of the interception, growth, and de-glaciation of the Northern Hemisphere are considered. The simulations are driven with a climate controlled by the GRIP ice core data. The experiments contrast a number of different mechanisms for relating the amount of basal water and the sliding velocity. The mechanisms range from no sliding whatsoever, to a scheme in which the sliding velocity is proportional to the amount of basal water. The modeled results demonstrate that choice of sliding mechanism has a dramatic effect on the glaciation cycle. Furthermore, modeling results indicate that the sliding velocity must be related to the basal water depth to correctly simulate a complete glacial cycle. The relation is important to inception and all other phases of a glacial cycle. The volume of the ice at the last glacial maximum can be compared to the estimated sea level rise to further constrain the new modeling approaches.
Babbage's Miraculous Computation Revisited

Charles Babbage used an example suggested by the computational power of his calculating engine to suggest that ‘miraculous events’ might be as lawful as the regularities presumed by ‘vast inductions’. In this paper I revisit the issue by employing a simple shape grammatical example. Induction and emergence are contrasted.
Biochemical Plasticity in the Arizona Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum)

The Arizona tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum, is a developmentally polymorphic species. Some individuals become sexually mature while retaining some larval traits (paedomorphs), while other individuals mature as metamorphosed salamanders. In this study, relative enzyme activities of the products of two duplicate loci in each of three enzyme systems (aconitase, malate dehydrogenase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase) were measured in paedomorphs and in paedomorphs forced to metamorphose by treatment with thyroxine. We found that thyroxine and laboratory conditions affect enzyme activities of four of the six enzymes examined and that activities of products of duplicate loci are altered to different degrees.
Hemolysis Related to Turbulent Eddy Size Distributions Using Comparisons of Experiments to Computations.

Turbulent blood flow in medical devices contributes to blood trauma, yet the exact mechanism(s) have not been fully elucidated. Local turbulent stresses, viscous stresses, and the rate of dissipation of the turbulent kinetic energy have been proffered as hypotheses to describe and predict blood damage. In this work, simulations of experiments in a Couette flow viscometer and a capillary tube were used to examine extensive properties of the turbulent flow field and to investigate contributing factors for red blood cell hemoglobin release in turbulence by eddy analysis. It was found that hemolysis occurred when dissipative eddies were comparable in size to the red blood cells. The Kolmogorov length scale was used to quantify the size of smaller turbulent eddies, indicating correspondence of hemolysis with number and surface area of eddies smaller than about 10 μm when a k-e turbulence model is adopted.
RF MEMS switches and applications

RF MEMS are small mechanical devices fabricated by photolithographic processes, which are used for elemental signal processing functions in rf and microwave frequency circuits. The most common RF MEMS control component is a microwave transmission line switch, currently under development for applications requiring low insertion loss, high linearity, moderate switching speeds, and low to moderate power. The RF MEMS switch promises integration onto a variety of substrates, including substrates bearing active semiconductor devices. This paper will discuss some aspects of the operation of RF MEMS switches and how they may be inserted into microwave circuitry to best advantage.
Time‐Dependent Reorientation Probabilities and Molecular Relaxation

This article considers situations in which the probability of molecular reorientation is governed by a secondary, time‐dependent process. A ``projection technique'' for computing reorientational correlation functions in these situations is described, together with a ``simple defect'' model of molecular relaxation. The effects of different types of secondary time‐dependent processes on the observable correlation time distribution are discussed.
A Binary Outscriber using Facsimile Paper

In summary, there has been described an Outscriber which, using a modified Western Union 3-stylus Teledeltos recorder in conjunction with the required accessory electronic and mechanical equipment, is capable of printing, in a binary presentation, 80,000 bits per minute. The record is in the form of two 40-bit words per line, and 1000 lines per minute. Each line of data may, if desired, be reprinted up to 8 consecutive times in order to give immunity against statistical fluctuations in the paper characteristics and in the operation of the device. A record containing 1,024 words, where each of the 512 lines has been printed one time, is included on a piece of Teledeltos paper 8-1/4'' by 19''. After there is deducted from this area of paper the 1-5/8'' of width for the edge and center margins, the figure of merit for this device is found to be 320 bits per square inch per unit time.
Lymphocytic Bronchiolitis Associated with HIV Infection

Patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) frequently develop interstitial lung disease. This is due most commonly to opportunistic infections, but malignancy and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis have also been associated with the syndrome. In contrast, there has been little reported about airways disease in patients with HIV infection. We describe a patient with AIDS-related complex who presented with symptoms and radiographic evidence of micronodular interstitial lung disease. Transbronchial biopsy revealed a lymphocytic bronchiolitis but no evidence of interstitial lung disease and a marked T-suppressor lymphocytosis was found on analysis of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimen. Routine fungal, viral and bacterial cultures did not yield an etiologic agent. This case raises the possibility that lymphocytic bronchiolitis may represent another pulmonary manifestation of HIV infection.
Genetic analysis of the anti-mutagenic effect of genistein in Escherichia coli.

Abstract Genistein, the main isoflavone in soy, has received considerable attention for its potential anti-carcinogenic properties. In a previous report, we investigated the possible role of genistein in anti-mutagenesis, using an Escherichia coli reversion assay system. Genistein reduced ENU-induced mutagenesis in a dose-dependent manner and the reduction of mutation frequency was differential among several categories of mutation. Most notable was a loss of transversion mutations, which require SOS functions. In this report, we further investigated the anti-mutagenic effect of genistein using a genetic approach. E. coli strains having alterations in genes involved in SOS-mutagenesis were examined, as were strains having defects in proteins that might serve as potential targets for genistein. The results showed that ENU-induced mutations produced in recA730 and lexA(Def) strains, both expressing a constitutive SOS response, were reduced by genistein to a lesser extent than in the wild-type strain. The effect of genistein was not entirely abolished, however. ENU mutagenesis in a umuC derivative, which reflects predominantly transition mutations, was unaffected by genistein. ENU-induced mutations in strains having defects in topA, gyrA, typA or uspA were not different than the wild-type, suggesting that these gene products were not involved in genistein's anti-mutagenic effect. In addition, we determined the distribution of genistein in various cellular fractions using HPLC. These studies revealed that genistein could be recovered from E. coli cells grown on agar media containing genistein; the intracellular concentration was similar to that in the agar plates. Further, most of the genistein recovered was associated with proteins in the cytosolic fraction and little partitioned in the membrane fraction. In vitro studies showed that genistein could be precipitated from a protein (BSA) containing solution. Finally, we examined the effect of genistein on formation of the RecA filament on ssDNA in vitro and observed an inhibition at high concentrations of genistein. In total, these results suggested that genistein may reduce SOS-dependent mutagenesis by reducing the interaction of RecA protein with ssDNA. As a consequence, genistein could cause a reduction in (1) the overall SOS response (confirmed using β-galactosidase assays) and (2) trans-lesion DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase V.
Developing a Security Robot in Service-Oriented Architecture

Service-oriented computing (SOC) has been traditionally applied in Web-based applications. The recent development shows that SOC can play an important role in embedded systems and robotics applications to address their limitations in capacity, versatility of application fields, and extensibility in requirements of such systems. This paper presents the design, implementation, and simulation results of an autonomous security robot based on SOC and event-driven programming. The floor exploration unit is the focus of this paper. Each component of the robot is wrapped as a service and all these services are distributed on different computer and they collaborate in a loosely coupled fashion. All the services are orchestrated by a coordination service, so that the mission is well coordinated and efficient. The objectives of the project are threefold: to prove the suitability of SOC concepts in such systems; the compatibility of the board to off-the-shelf sensors and actuators; and the energy effectiveness and performance of the new embedded system hardware developed by Intel.
Environmental epidemiology of essential tremor.

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most common neurological disorders. Despite this, the disease mechanisms and etiology are not well understood. While susceptibility genotypes undoubtedly underlie many ET cases, no ET genes have been identified thus far. As with many other progressive, degenerative neurological disorders, it is likely that environmental factors contribute to the etiology of ET. Environmental epidemiology is the study in specific populations or communities of the effect on human health of physical, biologic and chemical factors in the external environment. The purpose of this article is to review current knowledge with regards to the environmental epidemiology of ET. Results: As will be discussed, a series of preliminary casecontrol studies in recent years has begun to explore several candidate toxins/exposures, including harmane (1-methyl9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole), lead and agricultural exposures/ pesticides. Conclusions: While several initial results are promising, as will be discussed, additional studies are needed to more definitively establish whether these exposures are associated with ET and if they are of etiological impor
Real-time collaborative tracking for underwater networked systems

Localization is a crucial requirement for mobile underwater systems. Real-time position information is needed for control and navigation of underwater vehicles, in early warning systems and for certain routing protocols. Past research has shown that the localization accuracy of networked underwater systems can be significantly improved using collaborative tracking techniques. More specifically the Maximum Likelihood (ML) position estimates of a mobile collective can be computed from measurements of relative positions and motion, albeit centrally and non-real time. While for a number of underwater applications non-real-time position estimates may suffice, in this paper we focus on the design of a collaborative tracking solution that operates in real-time, yet is scalable and energy-efficient. Using the ML solution as a baseline, we identify key factors that fundamentally limit the performance of real-time (centralized and distributed) solutions, quantifying their effects via simulations. In the remaining solution space, we propose a low overhead scheme for real-time and distributed tracking. The specific challenges that we address include determining what information should be shared between vehicles, how this information must be encoded to minimize the communication overhead and when should vehicles communicate with each other to achieve the best performance with the minimum energy consumption. Our proposed technique can strategically trade off localization accuracy and energy consumption, achieving more than 50% reduction in the communication overhead compared to any fixed scheme.
Cutaneous responses to anticholinergics : evidence for muscarinic receptor subtype participation

Abstract We conducted a series of experiments to determine if anticholinergics induce immediate cutaneous wheal-and-flare responses in normal volunteers. We performed intradermal skin testing in seven healthy volunteers (three atopic and four nonatopic) with 20 nmol of atropine. All subjects had an immediate wheal-and-flare response to atropine. To determine if this cutaneous response was due to anticholinergics in general, skin testing was also performed to scopolamine and ipratropium. These agents also produced immediate wheal-and-flare responses in all subjects, but they less potent than atropine. Pretreatment with antihistamines equivalently inhibited wheal-and-flare responses to both histamine and atropine, indicating a possible mast cell role. The potential role of M1, M2, and M3 muscarinic receptor subtypes was evaluated by use of the selective antagonists, pirenzepine (M1), 11[[2-1[(diethylamino)methyl]-1-piperidinyl]-acetyl]-5, 11-dihydro-6H-pyrido[2,3- b ][1,4]benzodiazepine-6-one (AFDX-116) (M2), and 4-diphenylacetoxy- N -methylpiperidine (4-DAMP) (M3). Cutaneous wheal responses induced by pirenzepine and 4-DAMP were relatively equivalent and larger than responses induced by AFDX-116 at doses
Polyamine Metabolism and Its Importance in Neoplastic Growth and as a Target for Chemotherapy

The polyamine-biosynthetic pathway represents an inviting target for the development of agents inhibiting carcinogenesis and tumor growth. Polyamines play an essential role in the proliferation and development of mammalian cells. Deranged polyamine metabolism may be an important factor in carcinogenesis. Depletion of polyamines inhibits growth of neoplastic cells in vitro and in animal models. Several different classes of other anticancer agents may under some conditions exert enhanced effects when polyamine levels are depleted. Some suitable inhibitors of polyamine production are currently available and other promising compounds are presently being tested. It should soon prove possible to block polyamine biosynthesis at every step in the pathway. The use of these inhibitors alone and combined either with each other or with other antitumor agents will enable a full examination of the potential of this approach.
Cytomegalovirus colitis in AIDS: CT features.

The purpose of this study was to determine the CT features of cytomegalovirus colitis in patients with AIDS.Abdominal CT scans of 24 patients with biopsy-proved cytomegalovirus colitis (colonoscopy, n = 14; sigmoidoscopy, n = 8; surgery, n = 2) were jointly reviewed by two observers. Patients were men 26-68 years old (mean age, 39 years; SD, 9 years) with CD4 counts of 3-129 mm3 (mean, 32 mm3; SD, 34 mm3). The mean interval between CT and biopsy was 6 days (range, 0-20 days; SD, 6 days). Scans were assessed for colonic wall thickening (> or = 4 mm), ulceration, mural edema, pericolonic stranding, ascites, lymphadenopathy, and thickening of the small-bowel wall. Mural involvement was recorded as asymmetric or circumferential. Disease location was recorded as ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, rectosigmoid colon, or pancolonic.Colonic wall thickening of 8 to 33 mm (mean, 15 mm; SD, 6 mm) was seen in 22 patients. One patient had pancolonic involvement. The ascending colon was involved in 13...
AN APPROXIMATE MORPHING BETWEEN POLYLINES

We consider the problem of continuously transforming or morphing one simple polyline into another polyline so that every point p of the initial polyline moves to a point q of the final polyline using the geodesic shortest path from p to q. The width of a morphing is defined as the longest geodesic path between corresponding points of the polylines. The optimization problem is to compute a morphing that minimizes the width. We present a linear-time algorithm for finding a morphing with width guaranteed to be at most two times the minimum width of a morphing. This improves the previous algorithm10 by a factor of log n. We develop a linear-time algorithm for computing a medial axis separator. We also show that the approximation factor is less than two for κ-straight polylines.
Elevator-Related Injuries to Children in the United States, 1990 Through 2004

This study describes the epidemiology of elevator-related injuries among children in the United States from 1990 to 2004. A retrospective cohort analysis was performed using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System of the US Consumer Product Safety Commission. Reported cases were used to project national estimates. An estimated 29 030 elevator-related injuries occurred among children in the United States during 1990 to 2004. The mean age was 8.1 years (SD, 6.1 years), with 53.3% of injuries among boys. The overall injury rate was 2.5 injuries per 100,000 population. The injury rate for children aged 0-4 years was 4.2 per 100,000 population, and for children aged 5-19 years the injury rate was 1.9 per 100,000 population. The most frequent cause of injury was the elevator door closing on a body part, the most frequently injured body region was the upper extremity, and soft-tissue injuries were the most frequent type of injury. Children should be closely supervised on or near elevators to reduce the risk of injury.
Evaluation of Cefotaxime in Bacterial Infections

Cefotaxime, a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, was evaluated in 26 infants and children for the treatment of documented or suspected bacterial infections, including pneumonia (10 cases), soft tissue skin infection (13 cases), and urinary tract infection (3 cases). An average daily dose of 60 mg/kg in 3 to 4 divided doses was administered parenterally for an average of 7 days. In 14 of the cases, primary pathogens, including Haemophilus influenzae b (resistant to ampicillin), Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, were eradicated. Clinical recovery occurred in each case. Blood levels at different time intervals and biological half-life were similar to those reported for adults. Mild and transient side effects observed were elevation of SGOT in two cases, alkaline phosphatase in one, and eosinophilia in one case.
3D interpretation of electromagnetic data using a modified extended Born approximation

We present a new method, dubbed the modified extended Born approximation (MEBA), for efficient three-dimensional (3D) simulation and inversion of geophysical frequency-domain electromagnetic (EM) data for a targeted object lodged in a layered half-space. Based on the integral equation method and modified from an extended Born approximation technique, the MEBA method calculates the total electric field in an electrical conductivity inhomogeneity without any need for solving a huge matrix equation. This is done by multiplying the background electric field by a depolarization tensor. The Fourier transform and the convolution theorem are used to dramatically increase the computational efficiency. Comparisons of MEBA-generated numerical data for tabular targets with data generated by other means are used to verify the scheme and check its range of validity. The results indicate that the MEBA technique yields better accuracy when current channeling in the conductivity anomaly dominates over the induction process. The MEBA algorithm has been incorporated into a least-squares inversion scheme which is used to interpret borehole-to-surface EM tomography field data. The survey served to monitor the subsurface conductivity change associated with the extraction of a volume of saltwater previously injected into a known aquifer.
Profiles of Dispositional Expectancies and Affectivity Predict Later Psychosocial Functioning in Children and Adolescents With Cancer

Objective Examined how individual differences in disposition among pediatric cancer patients predict their later psychosocial functioning. Methods Patients aged 8-17 years (N = 223) reported on their disposition at baseline. One and three years later, self-reports and parent reports of patient psychosocial functioning were obtained. Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups that differed on baseline disposition and to compare them on later outcomes. Esults Three groups were identified: The "Positive" group (59%) had high optimism and positive affectivity and low pessimism and negative affectivity; the "Moderate" group (39%) had a similar profile, with less exaggerated scores; a small, "Negative" group (2%) had the opposite profile (low optimism/positive affectivity; high pessimism/negative affectivity). These groups differed in psychosocial functioning at follow-up, generally in expected directions. Conclusions Most patients have a disposition that may be protective. A small minority at high risk for maladjustment is distinguished by their disposition.
IJPDLM’s 45th anniversary: a retrospective bibliometric analysis and future directions

Purpose – After 40 years, IJPDLM received its first impact factor from Web of Science in 2010. This anniversary editorial provides a retrospective bibliometric assessment of IJPDLM over its initial five years as a Web of Science journal (2011-2015). First, IJPDLM’s citation metrics are compared to those for the Web of Science journal subject category of Management. Next, IJPDLM’s most cited articles, best papers and special issues together with the international diversity of the journal’s author base from 2011 to 2015 are reviewed. The analysis also presents the journals that cite IJPDLM most frequently, as well as the journals most frequently cited in IJPDLM. Finally, IJPDLM is compared to peer journals in the logistics and SCM field on various scholarly metrics including impact factor, five-year impact factor, h5-index, number of citations received and self-citation rate. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Retrospective bibliometric analysis of IJPDLM from 2011 to 2015...
A Note On Mapping:Understanding Who Can Influence Your Success

An effective leader in a public or nonprofit setting needs a tool for systematically determining the forces and actors that play a role in the success or failure of the organization. To achieve personal and managerial goals, you need a mind’s eye map of the political environment in which you are operating. Political environments are characterized by complex and interconnected centers of power and authority, which convey resources and support for your organization, as well as opposition to your mission and organization. Operating within these complexities requires constant attention to a dynamic authorizing environment in order to maintain the viability of your organization. Mapping can become the tool by which you identify the important factors and forces within your environment that may help or hinder the achievement of your mission. A map possesses the advantage of a quick visual reference that can convey a lot of information quickly. There is no single best way to map an organizational environment, but the most effective maps are constructed with a given issue or scenario in mind.This essay presents the theoretical justification for mapping political environments and explores the practical ways in which maps illuminate paths to effective action that does justice to mission and the realities of politics, leading and management.
A multi-feature classification approach to detect sleep apnea in an ultrasonic upper airway occlusion detector system

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is the most common form of sleep disorder breathing. It is estimated that this insidious disease affects 15% of the US adult population. Current procedure of diagnosing OSA requires polysomnography (NPSG) conducted in accredited sleep laboratories and the data getting scored by certified sleep technicians, a costly process that is not readily available in all areas. Ultrasonic techniques are increasingly used in the area of medical diagnosis and treatments due to their safety and economic costs. This paper investigates a feasibility study of a multi-channel ultrasonic OSA detection system. The approach utilizes wavelet-based as well as temporal and spectral features extracted from multiple ultrasound waves transmitted through patient's neck during sleep. Using NPSG data as gold standard, the proposed classifier makes a preliminary decision on the data sequence by labeling epochs as normal or apneic. A Finite State Machine (FSM) is employed to update the classified labels for a more robust detection. Experimental results on three sleep disordered patients suggest that it may be feasible to consider the proposed approach for an ultrasound based detection system.
Differential Owl Predation on White and Agouti Mus musculus

DICE (1947) demonstrated selection against conspicuous phenotypes of mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) by owls. His experiments were conducted in a laboratory room with either a Barn Owl (Tyto alba) or a Long-eared Owl (Asio wilsonianus) as predators. Vegetation was simulated by a latticework of boards. Subsequently Kaufman (1974) found that Barn Owls and Screech Owls (Otus asio) selected against conspicuous phenotypes of old-field mice (Peromyscus polionotus) in field enclosures with natural vegetation. It then became of interest to examine the effectiveness of selection against conspicuous prey whose conspicuousness was greatly increased; this was done by using white and agouti house mice (Mus musculus). In field experiments white mice (Mus musculus) disappeared faster than agouti mice during 3and 6-day periods in a 1acre enclosure (Kaufman and Wagner 1973). Under similar vegetation conditions, wild Loggerhead Shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus), diurnal predators, captured more white than agouti Mus released in pairs near the birds (Kaufman 1973a). Here, I report the results of a study designed to test the effectiveness of nocturnal predators, Barn Owls and Screech Owls, in capturing the conspicuous phenotype with white and agouti Mus used as prey. Effect of the amount of vegetation and changes in illumination on effectiveness of owls are also discussed.
High-Frequency Electromagnetic Scarring in Three-Dimensional Axisymmetric Convex Cavities

ABSTRACTThis article examines the localization of high-frequency electromagnetic fields in three-dimensional axisymmetric cavities along periodic paths between opposing sides of the cavity. When these orbits lead to unstable localized modes, they are known as scars. This article treats the case where the opposing sides, or mirrors, are convex. Particular attention is focused on the normalization through the electromagnetic energy theorem. Both projections of the field along the scarred orbit as well as field point statistics are examined. Statistical comparisons are made with a numerical calculation of the scars run with an axisymmetric simulation.
Property Rules vs. Liability Rules for Patent Infringement

When a patent has been infringed, the court can impose a forward-looking remedy based on a property rule or based on a liability rule. Under the property rule, the court issues an injunction ordering the infringing party to stop infringing. Under the liability rule, the court allows the infringing party to continue to infringe the patent in question so long as it pays specified ongoing royalties to the patent holder. Since the Supreme Court’s landmark 2006 decision in the eBay case, the United States has employed a hybrid system: the lower courts have discretion, on a case-by-case basis, to issue an injunction or to establish ongoing royalties. This article develops a simple model, including the possibility of patent holdup, in which the court has an imperfect ability to measure the harm to the patent holder caused by ongoing infringement. In the model, the patent holder and the infringing firm can negotiate efficiently over a patent license following the court’s imposition of a remedy, subject to some antitrust limits. Remedy regimes are evaluated based on how close they come, in expected value, to compensating the patent holder for any ongoing infringement. The model identifies a fundamental tradeoff: ongoing royalties perform better, the greater are the switching costs the infringing firm would bear to redesign its product to avoid infringing, but an injunction performs better, the greater is the court’s uncertainty about the harm that ongoing infringement will cause to the patent holder. Based on this analysis, recommendations regarding prospective patent remedies are offered to the courts.
Research on Related Issues of Transformer Winding Based on Frequency Response Testing Method

This paper studies the matters of the manufacturing and measuring process of the instruments based on the fundamental structure principle of transformers and the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetic wave.Through the simulation analysis of the identification method of the transformer winding parameters,it has been found that the topological structure of the transformer winding has ultimately changed in the Frequency Response Analysis(FRA) testing,which results in nonlinear parameters and inapplicability of common circuit theories and knowledge from the analytical angle of electromagnetic field.On this basis,the overall analysis based on theories combined with practices during the whole process of FRA testing shows that the iron core does not have any effect but the leakage reactance rather than the excitation reactance has the main effect.This paper has great practical significance for those who study transformers and work in the electricity industry.
The Research of Policy-based Network Fault Management Model

With the rapid increase in complexity of Network Fault Management, it becomes necessary to incorporate self-managing features into Network Fault Management. In this paper, author will show an approach to build policy-based application, together with the use of object-oriented and component technologies, which is used to construct a Network Fault Management Model. The key concept in this approach is that business logic in system is separated into policy, corresponding with a component, which makes managerial task dynamically configure and improves the flexibility and manageability of the Network Management System.
Application of seasonal trend model based moving average method for prediction of bacillary dysentery

Objective To study the application of seasonal trend model based on moving average method in forecasting the incidence of bacillary dysentery disease,and to provide scientific evidence for adopting prevention and control measures.Methods We built seasonal trend model with moving average method based on each month incidence of bacillary dysentery in Yichang from 2010 to 2013,and then judged the fitting of predicted value and actual value. Results The average relative error between the actual value and the predicted value was 1.72%for bacillary dysentery incidence from 2010 to 2013,the model fitted was better.Application of seasonal trend model could forecast the incidence of bacillary dysentery in 2014. Conclusion Seasonal trend model based on moving average method can better simulate the changing tendency of bacillary dysentery incidence in the time series so as to supply evidence for developing prevention and control measures and strategies of the disease.
Application and analysis of three kinds of medium in detection of Enterobacter sakazaki

Objective:It is importment to give great attention to Enterobacter sakazakii.Methods:We applied three kinds of medium to isolate Enterobacter sakazakii.Results:Eleven strains of Enterobacter sakazakii were isolated.Conclusion:Enterobacter sakazakii chromogenic medium(Xa-Glc) is the best among the three.
The Effect of Meal Intervals and Weaning on Feed Intake of Early Weaned Pigs

Feed intake was investigated in early weaned pigs housed in two environments. In the first experiment, pigs in an unfamiliar environment (removed from the sow and placed in nursery pens) were offered a dry diet either ad libitum or at different meal intervals (2, 4 and 6 h). Regardless of meal interval (ad libitum or hourly intervals), early weaned (21 d) pigs failed to consume sufficient feed for maintenance during the first 3 d postweaning. Pigs provided feed ad libitum consumed more (P less than .001) feed (142 vs 84 g/d) and gained more (P less than .05) weight (57 vs 3 g/d) than meal-fed pigs over the 7-d period. Pigs fed at 2-h intervals consumed more (P less than .001) feed than pigs fed at 4-h or 6-h intervals. Compared with preweaning levels (307 mu eq/liter), plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels increased approximately fourfold by d 1 postweaning (1,372 mu eq/liter), then decreased through d 7 to levels below preweaning (142 mu eq/liter). The FFA levels were not affected (P greater than .1) by meal interval. In a second experiment, feed intake was investigated in weaned pigs that were allowed to consume food by a familiar method and in a familiar environment (suckling the sow). When allowed to nurse following a 24-h weaning period, weaned pigs consumed (24.3 +/- 2.8 g/suckling) the same amount (P greater than .1) as non-weaned littermates (28.7 +/- 1.8 g/suckling).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Studying the Dark Triad of Personality through Twitter Behavior

Research into the darker traits of human nature is growing in interest especially in the context of increased social media usage. This allows users to express themselves to a wider online audience. We study the extent to which the standard model of dark personality -- the dark triad -- consisting of narcissism, psychopathy and Machiavellianism, is related to observable Twitter behavior such as platform usage, posted text and profile image choice. Our results show that we can map various behaviors to psychological theory and study new aspects related to social media usage. Finally, we build a machine learning algorithm that predicts the dark triad of personality in out-of-sample users with reliable accuracy.
Columnar-cell carcinoma of the thyroid. A report of two cases of an aggressive variant of thyroid carcinoma.

Two cases of thyroid carcinoma characterized by tall columnar epithelium with marked nuclear stratification are presented. There were small foci exhibiting solid spindle-cell growth in both cases and a component demonstrating a microfollicular pattern in one. Both tumors were unencapsulated and invasive. Regional lymph node metastasis occurred in one case and distant metastasis in both, and both patients died of tumor within two years of initial thyroid surgery.
Head-neck taper corrosion following total hip arthroplasty with Stryker Meridian stem

BackgroundTaper corrosion at the modular junctions of total hip arthroplasty (THA) femoral stems are known to cause locally destructive adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR). However, the implants at risk remain to be fully elucidated.Case reviewWe report the case of a 76-year-old woman with hip pain, abductor weakness, and sciatic nerve symptoms 2 years following metal-on-polyethylene THA. Serum cobalt levels were elevated, while chromium levels were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated ALTR. The patient's symptoms resolved following head and liner exchange with ceramic head and titanium sleeve.Literature reviewPrevious studies have reported ALTR secondary to head-neck taper corrosion in cobalt chrome alloy and titanium alloy stems used in metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) THA. The stems described above span 4 manufacturers with varying taper geometries. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ALTR due to head-neck taper corrosion in a Stryker Meridian titanium-molybdenum-zirconium-iron (TMZF) ...
What Are the Public Humanities? No, Really, What Are They?

Virtually all scholars in the humanities agree that the public humanities are important, but consensus frays when it comes to discussing the degree of institutional investment in the public humanities, methods of public humanities engagement, and even the definition of what counts as the public humanities. To that end, Jeremy Browne (of BYU's Office of Digital Humanities) and I created a survey whose data we compiled from dozens of institutions in the international Consortium of Humanities Centers and Institutes. What emerges are a series of perspectives, at once diverse and overlapping, about such issues as the definition and perceived impact of the public humanities, both within and outside universities.
Quality Control During Bottling and Warehousing

The readiness of a wine for bottling is determined in most small wineries by both objective and subjective judgments. One year a white table wine may seem well rounded and mature in six months aging following the primary filtration. Yet another vintage may take nine months to a year or more, before qualifying as “bottle-ready”.
2-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography predicts severe coronary artery disease in women with normal left ventricular function: a case-control study

Women who have coronary artery disease (CAD) often present with atypical symptoms that may lead to misdiagnosis. We assessed strain, systolic strain rate and left ventricular dyssynchrony with 2- dimensional- speckle tracking echocardiography to evaluate its use as a non-invasive method for detecting CAD in women with normal ejection fraction compared with healthy women controls with a normal angiogram. We included 35 women with CAD confirmed by coronary angiography and a positive exercise stress echocardiography and 35 women in a control group with a low pretest probability of CAD, normal angiogram and a normal stress echocardiography with normal EF. Statistically significant 2D-STE findings for the CAD vs control groups were as follows for the mean of: global circumferential strain (CS) (−19.4% vs −22.4%, P = .02); global radial S (49% vs 34%, P = .03); global radial SR (2.4 s−1 vs 1.9 s−1, P = .05); global longitudinal LV S (GLS) (−14.3% vs −17.2%, P < .001). For mechanical dyssynchrony, SD of the GLS time-to-peak (TTP) was computed (99 vs 33 ms, P < .001). The receiver operating characteristic and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. A cutoff value of 45 ms for 1 SD of the longitudinal S TTP had 97% sensitivity and 89% specificity (AUC, 0.96). GLS cutoff value of −15.87% had 71% sensitivity and 74% specificity; AUC, 0.74 in differentiating CAD and control groups. The combined GLS, CS, and SD of the longitudinal S TTP had an AUC of 0.96 (sensitivity 97%, specificity 86%). Interclass correlations of the GLS segment and GLS TTP measurements were 0.49 (95% CI, 0.227-0.868) and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.277-0.926), respectively. In women with a normal echocardiogram and LVEF, CAD can be identified by dyssynchrony and abnormal strain values, as evidenced by 2D-STE.
Thinking Small: Progress on Microscale Neurostimulation Technology

Objectives Neural stimulation is well-accepted as an effective therapy for a wide range of neurological disorders. While the scale of clinical devices is relatively large, translational, and pilot clinical applications are underway for microelectrode-based systems. Microelectrodes have the advantage of stimulating a relatively small tissue volume which may improve selectivity of therapeutic stimuli. Current microelectrode technology is associated with chronic tissue response which limits utility of these devices for neural recording and stimulation. One approach for addressing the tissue response problem may be to reduce physical dimensions of the device. "Thinking small" is a trend for the electronics industry, and for implantable neural interfaces, the result may be a device that can evade the foreign body response. Materials and methods This review paper surveys our current understanding pertaining to the relationship between implant size and tissue response and the state-of-the-art in ultrasmall microelectrodes. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), and Google Scholar. Results The literature review shows recent efforts to create microelectrodes that are extremely thin appear to reduce or even eliminate the chronic tissue response. With high charge capacity coatings, ultramicroelectrodes fabricated from emerging polymers, and amorphous silicon carbide appear promising for neurostimulation applications. Conclusion We envision the emergence of robust and manufacturable ultramicroelectrodes that leverage advanced materials where the small cross-sectional geometry enables compliance within tissue. Nevertheless, future testing under in vivo conditions is particularly important for assessing the stability of thin film devices under chronic stimulation.
Concussion Recovery Phase Affects Vestibular and Oculomotor Symptom Provocation

Vestibular and oculomotor testing is emerging as a valuable assessment in sport-related concussion (SRC). However, their usefulness for tracking recovery and guiding return-to-play decisions remains unclear. Therefore the purpose of this study was to evaluate their clinical usefulness for tracking SRC recovery. Vestibular and oculomotor assessments were used to measure symptom provocation in an acute group (n=21) concussed≤10 days, prolonged symptoms group (n=10) concussed ≥16 days (median=84 days), healthy group (n=58) no concussions in >6 months. Known-groups approach was used with three groups at three time points (initial, 2-week and 6-week follow-up). Provoked symptoms for Gaze-Stabilization (GST), Rapid Eye Horizontal (REH), Optokinetic Stimulation (OKS), Smooth-Pursuit Slow (SPS) and Fast (SPF) tests, total combined symptoms scores and near point convergence (NPC) distance were significantly greater at initial assessment in both injury groups compared to controls. Injury groups improved on the King-Devick test and combined symptom provocation scores across time. The acute group improved over time on REH and SPF tests, while the prolonged symptoms group improved on OKS. A regression model (REH, OKS, GST) was 90% accurate discriminating concussed from healthy. Vestibular and ocular motor tests give valuable insight during recovery. They can prove beneficial in concussion evaluation given the modest equipment, training and time requirements. The current study demonstrates that when combined, vestibular and oculomotor clinical tests aid in the detection of deficits following a SRC. Additionally, tests such as NPC, GST, REH, SPS, SPF OKS and KD provide valuable information to clinicians throughout the recovery process and may aid in return to play decisions.
High-resolution cryo-EM structures of actin-bound myosin states reveal the mechanism of myosin force sensing

Myosins adjust their power outputs in response to mechanical loads in an isoform-dependent manner, resulting in their ability to dynamically adapt to a range of motile challenges. Here, we reveal the structural basis for force-sensing based on near-atomic resolution structures of one rigor and two ADP-bound states of myosin-IB (myo1b) bound to actin, determined by cryo-electron microscopy. The two ADP-bound states are separated by a 25° rotation of the lever. The lever of the first ADP state is rotated toward the pointed end of the actin filament and forms a previously unidentified interface with the N-terminal subdomain, which constitutes the upper half of the nucleotide-binding cleft. This pointed-end orientation of the lever blocks ADP release by preventing the N-terminal subdomain from the pivoting required to open the nucleotide binding site, thus revealing how myo1b is inhibited by mechanical loads that restrain lever rotation. The lever of the second ADP state adopts a rigor-like orientation, stabilized by class-specific elements of myo1b. We identify a role for this conformation as an intermediate in the ADP release pathway. Moreover, comparison of our structures with other myosins reveals structural diversity in the actomyosin binding site, and we reveal the high-resolution structure of actin-bound phalloidin, a potent stabilizer of filamentous actin. These results provide a framework to understand the spectrum of force-sensing capacities among the myosin superfamily.
Safety and efficacy of checkpoint inhibition (CI) in cancer patients (pts) with concurrent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

136Background: There is limited knowledge about the use of CI in cancer pts with HIV. Here we report the safety and efficacy of these agents in this pt population. Methods: We identified cancer pts with HIV at UCSD who received ≥1 dose of ipilimumab, pembrolizumab or nivolumab (anti-PD1), or the combination of ipi+nivo and had ≥1 follow-up visit. Data regarding clinical history, treatment response, and toxicity were collected. Results: Three pts had head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), 2 pts had advanced melanoma, 1 pt had cutaneous SCC, and 1 pt had SCC of unknown primary (suspected lung). Age ranged from 51-73 years. All pts had ECOG PS 0-1 at time of treatment. Six pts received anti-PD1 for a median of 8 cycles (range 2-35); one pt received 4 cycles of ipi+nivo q3wk followed by 4 cycles of anti-PD1. All 7 pts were on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and had well-controlled HIV (viral load < 400 copies/mL) with varying degrees of immune dysfunction: 4 pts with moderate immune dysfunction (100-199...
Structures of the Gasdermin D C-Terminal Domains Reveal Mechanisms of Autoinhibition

Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of programmed cell death that plays important roles in immune protection against infections and in inflammatory disorders. Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is an executor of pyroptosis upon cleavage by caspases-1/4/5/11 following canonical and noncanonical inflammasome activation. GSDMD N-terminal domain assembles membrane pores to induce cytolysis, whereas its C-terminal domain inhibits cell death through intramolecular association with the N domain. The molecular mechanisms of autoinhibition for GSDMD are poorly characterized. Here we report the crystal structures of the human and murine GSDMD C-terminal domains, which differ from those of the full-length murine GSDMA3 and the human GSDMB C-terminal domain. Mutations of GSDMD C-domain residues predicted to locate at its interface with the N-domain enhanced pyroptosis. Our results suggest that GSDMDs may employ a distinct mode of intramolecular domain interaction and autoinhibition, which may be relevant to its unique role in pyroptosis downstream of inflammasome activation.