cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Stochastic convergence of randomly weighted sums of random elements

Let {Xn} be random elements in a separable Banach space and let {ank} be an array of random variables. Convergence in probability and almost surely is obtained for the weighted sum under varying distributional and moment conditions on the random weights and on the random elements and geometric conditions on Banach spaces. In general, these results include the results for constant weights and real-valued random variables and are motivated in part by estimation problems and consistency considerations. Moreover, similar results are obtained for the space D[0, 1] under varying hypotheses of boundedness conditions on the moments and conditions on the mean oscillation of the random elements {Xn} on subintervals of a partition of [0,1] and represent significant improvements over existing laws o f large numbers and convergence results for weighted sums of random elements in D[0,1].
On Evenly-Equitable, Balanced Edge-Colorings and Related Notions

A graph is said to be even if all vertices of have even degree. Given a -edge-coloring of a graph , for each color let denote the spanning subgraph of in which the edge-set contains precisely the edges colored . A -edge-coloring of is said to be an -edge-coloring if for each color , is an even graph. A -edge-coloring of is said to be evenly-equitable if for each color , is an even graph, and for each vertex and for any pair of colors , . For any pair of vertices let be the number of edges between and in (we allow , where denotes a loop incident with ). A -edge-coloring of is said to be balanced if for all pairs of colors and and all pairs of vertices and (possibly ), . Hilton proved that each even graph has an evenly-equitable -edge-coloring for each . In this paper we extend this result by finding a characterization for graphs that have an evenly-equitable, balanced -edge-coloring for each . Correspondingly we find a characterization for even graphs to have an evenly-equitable, balanced 2-edge-coloring. Then we give an instance of how evenly-equitable, balanced edge-colorings can be used to determine if a certain fairness property of factorizations of some regular graphs is satisfied. Finally we indicate how different fairness notions on edge-colorings interact with each other.
Relation of ribonucleic acid to the photosynthetic apparatus in Euglena gracilis.

Abstract The ribonucleic acids of green and etiolated Euglena gracilis cells show small but definite differences in their nucleotide distribution. The green organisms have a higher proportion of adenylic and uridylic acids and a lower content of cytidylic and guanylic acids. Permanently bleached cells resemble the etiolated organisms in their ribonucleic acid composition. The differences in the ribonucleic acids of the green and etiolated oragnisms are probably related to the differenced in structure and metabolism of the two types of cells. Two additional nucleotides are present in small amounts in the ribonucleic acid of Euglena gracilis. One of them is probably identical with a nucleotide recently found in the ribonucleic acids from other organisms and the second one is unknown.
The g-network and its inherent fault tolerant properties

This paper presents the G-network, a new topological design which is a suitable architecture for point-to-point communication and interconnection networks. We show that the G-network has the following desirable characteristics: efficient routing, small number of links, and fault tolerance. The performance of the G-network is compared to that of the Barrel Shifter and Illiac Mesh networks.
Differentiation and Treatment of Phantom Sensation, Phantom Pain, and Residual-Limb Pain

This article defines the three major forms of postamputation sensation: 1) phantom sensation, 2) phantom pain, and 3) residual-limb pain. Proposed etiologies for phantom pain are discussed. The literature on current diagnoses and treatments for each of the three postamputation sensations is reviewed. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 91(1): 23-33, 2001)
Induction of locomotor activity by the glutamate antagonist DNQX injected into the ventral tegmental area

DNQX, an antagonist of AMPA/kainate receptors, was injected into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to test the hypothesis that AMPA/kainate receptors in this brain region might be involved in regulation of locomotor activity. Bilateral injection of 1 μg DNQX into the VTA increased locomotor activity. In addition, unilateral injection of DNQX into this site produced contraversive turning, which was potentiated by coadministration of amphetamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.). These results suggest that a glutamatergic afferent to the VTA is tonically active in inhibiting locomotor activity. The locomotor stimulation produced by DNQX was not associated with a change in DOPAC/DA level in the nucleus accumbens or the striatum. However, the locomotor stimulation produced by DNQX was markedly attenuated following blockade of dopaminergic receptors by haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.) or following dopamine depletion induced by reserpine plus α-methyl-para-tyrosine pretreatment. These results suggest that a basal activation of dopaminergic receptors is required for expression of the locomotor activity elicited by DNQX.
Comparative Changes in Segmental Vascular Resistance in Response to Nerve Stimulation and to Norepinephrine

The effects of stimulating sympathetic nerve fibers and of intra-arterial norepinephrine on vascular pressures and resistances in muscle and paw of perfused forelegs of dogs were compared by means of small vessel cannulations and during constant blood flow. The following conclusions may be drawn: 1. Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes constriction of the large artery segment predominantly. The constriction appears to be most intense at the level of the carpus. 2. The large artery constriction at the level of the carpus diverts blood flow away from the paw and into more proximal muscular parts of the foreleg. 3. Changes in segmental vascular resistances during nerve stimulation differ in paw and muscle. In the paw, venous segments constrict markedly whereas small vessel segments usually dilate and may constrict minimally; but in the muscle, arterial and small vessel segments constrict more than venous segments. 4. The effects of norepinephrine differ from those of nerve stimulation. Norepinephrine causes ...
H2S optimization for lignite liquefaction

Abstract Two lignite samples, Beulah No. 3 and Big Brown No. 1, were liquefied at 420 °C using H 2 and synthesis gas to determine the optimum beneficial amount of H 2 S in the batch autoclave reactor. Under the conditions employed, 50–100 psi partial pressure of H 2 S, nominally 4–10 wt% of daf lignite, was optimum for both samples. Synthesis gas outperformed H 2 with and without H 2 S for the liquefaction of the two coals.
Structure, Legitimacy, and Magic in The Birth of Merlin

In The Birth of Merlin the playwright uses the legend and example of Merlin to legitimize the use of demonic magic by Christian kings. The playwright qualifies or tempers the potentially subversive nature of this argument by plotting a complicated strategy of comparison which deconstructs the dichotomy of good and bad, moral and immoral. To do this he creates a plot interweaving four representations of female sexual behavior, four kings, four sorcerers or magicians, and four magical contests. With this rich set of characters and opportunities, the playwright creates a variety of situations in which stereotypically virtuous choices (especially sexual and marital choices) are shown to have unexpectedly corrupt or disappointing consequences in order to suggest antithetically that stereotypically wicked choices may, similarly, have surprising, which is to say rewarding, results.
Reflex control for safe autonomous robot operation

This paper describes the design of an autonomous, sonar-based world mapping system for collision prevention in robotic systems. Obstacle detection and mapping is performed as a task that competes with higher-level tasks for the robot's attention. All tasks are integrated within a hierarchy, organized and co-ordinated by schemes analogous to biological reflexes and fixed action patterns. It is illustrated how the existence of low-level reflex behaviours can enhance the survivability and autonomy of complex systems and simplify the design of complex higher-level controls like our autonomous sonar-based world mapping system.
Response of Ultra–Narrow and Conventional Spaced Cotton to Variable Nitrogen Rates

Abstract Insufficient nitrogen (N) uptake in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has been shown to delay maturity and decrease lint yields, while excessive amounts will cause a host of disadvantages, ranging from increased insect damage to defoliation difficulties. Proper nitrogen fertilization rates are therefore essential to maximizing lint production while minimizing input costs. This test was designed to determine if ultra–narrow row cotton (UNRC) has similar nitrogen requirements as conventional row cotton (CRC). Two sites, one in peanuts and the other fallow the previous growing season, and four nitrogen rates (45, 67, 90, and 112 kg N ha−1) were used to compare soil fertility and nitrogen effects on petiole nitrate concentrations, lint yields, and ginning percentages. Although petiole nitrate concentrations between early and peak bloom were lower in ultra–narrow row cotton with 45 and 67 kg N ha−1, there was no correlation between petiole nitrate concentrations and lint yield. Conventional spacing recei...
Speckle-induced phase error in laser-based phase-shifting projected fringe profilometry

Laser sources offer advantages over white-light sources in some phase-shifting projected fringe profilometry applications. These benefits, however, are gained at the cost of incurring speckle noise. Some basic statistics of speckle-induced phase-measurement errors are investigated based on the multiplicative noise model for image-plane speckles. First, the dependence of phase-error distribution and measurement uncertainty on speckle size and grating pitch is numerically studied, based on the Karhunen–Loeve expansion method. Then an analytical expression that relates phase-error distributions to optical system parameters is derived as a direct extension of the simulation results. This expression is useful for system design and optimization. Analysis shows that phase noise caused by speckles can be modeled as additive white Gaussian noise. Optical system design and noise-reduction algorithms are also briefly discussed, based on the simulation results.
Excitatory and Inhibitory Modulation of Taste Responses in the Hamster Brainstema

The rostral portion of the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) contains second-order gustatory neurons, sends projections to the parabrachial complex and brainstem reticular formation, and receives descending projections from several nuclei of the ascending gustatory pathway. Electrophysiological responses of NST neurons can be modulated by several factors, including blood glucose and insulin levels and taste aversion conditioning. We are using extracellular electrophysiological recording in vivo, combined with local microinjection of neurotransmitter agonists and antagonists, to study the mechanisms by which taste responses of cells in the hamster NST can be modulated. Afferent fibers of the chorda tympani (CT) nerve make excitatory synaptic contact with NST neurons; this excitation is probably mediated by the excitatory amino acid glutamate. Microinjection of kynurenic acid, a nonspecific glutamate receptor antagonist, into the NST completely and reversibly blocks afferent input from the CT nerve, produced by either anodal electrical or chemical stimulation of the anterior tongue. The non-NMDA ((RS)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)/kainate) receptor antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2, 3-dione (CNQX) also completely blocks gustatory input to these cells, whereas the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (APV) produces only a small effect. There are many gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-containing neurons within the NST and taste-responsive NST cells are maintained under a tonic GABAergic inhibition. Microinjection of the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline methiodide increases the taste responsiveness of NST neurons, whereas application of GABA inhibits taste responses in these cells. Preliminary data show that GABAergic inhibition can be produced by stimulation of the gustatory cortex. There are both intrinsic substance P (SP)-containing neurons and extrinsic SP-immunoreactive fibers in the rostral NST. Microinjection of SP into the NST enhances the responses of many NST cells to gustatory stimulation; NaCl-best neurons are preferentially excited by SP.
New acetylene-terminated phenylquinoxaline oligomers

A series of new acetylene-terminated phenylquinoxaline oligomers and diacetylene compounds have been prepared utilizing 4-(3-ethynylphenoxy)benzil. The amorphous materials with molecular weights from 500 to 1460 exhibited softening in the 25–160°C range with a strong polymerization exotherm reaching a maximum at 270–290°C. The addition nonvolatile cure provides materials which show excellent thermoxidative stability and processability for high-temperature matrix and adhesive resins.
Identity and Interventions: An Introduction

Almost 20 years ago in a Special Issue of the Journal of Adolescence (Archer, 1989), several identity scholars appraised the status of adolescent identity processes and contents in the context of p...
Bladder cancer: Quality of life in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Changes in health-related quality of life following the diagnosis and treatment of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remain poorly understood. A new study suggests that diagnosis and treatment of NMIBC might affect mental health as well as sexual, urinary and bowel function.
Retrieval flexibility and reinstatement in the developing hippocampus

Episodic memory improves during childhood and this improvement has been associated with age differences in hippocampal function, but previous research has not manipulated the possible underlying mechanisms. We tested the hypothesis that age-related differences in hippocampal activation may reflect changes in retrieval flexibility. We expected these activation differences to be observed most prominently in the anterior hippocampus. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected from children ages 8 and 10, and adults (N = 63) during an associative recognition task that required participants to recognize pairs of pictures which either appeared in the same location as during encoding (Same location), or in a flipped location, such that each picture switched their location with the other member of the pair (Flipped location). Recognition of same-location pairs placed lower demands on flexible retrieval compared to recognition of flipped-location pairs. Behaviorally, 8-year-olds exhibited the strongest correct recognition gains for same-location compared to flipped-location pairs, and females unexpectedly outperformed males across all ages. When we examined correct recognition, adults recruited the hippocampal head more strongly for flipped- versus same-location pairs compared to both groups of children; in contrast both adults and 10-year-olds recruited the hippocampal tail more strongly for flipped- versus same-location pairs compared to 8-year-olds. This pattern was stronger in the left hippocampus and for females. Moreover hippocampal discrimination between recognized and forgotten items in the same-location condition was stronger in 8-year-olds compared to adults, and was stronger in the flipped-location condition in adults compared to 8-year-olds; this pattern was stronger in the left hippocampus. Individual differences in this discrimination contrast for flipped-location trials in the head and body predicted performance on an index of creative thinking. Overall, these results lend new support to the idea that hippocampal development may reflect change in retrieval flexibility with implications for additional forms of flexible cognition.
The Southern Governors' Conference as a Pressure Group

The Southern Governors' Conference is not a mere section of the American Governors' Conference, which was started as an annual affair when Theodore Roosevelt was President. It is more than a clearance group for ironing out matters common to different states or involving both state and national governments. It is a group with appeal to regional consciousness. It is a group seeking to turn on the heat for a cause, the cause of the South. The southern group has taken on shape and meaning during the Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with a more solid nucleus in the Southeast than in the Southwest. The movement has received impetus from Roosevelt's short stays at Warm Springs, Georgia, and his meetings with state executives of the region. It was in this connection that the group was recognized as an organized "conference with the broad objective of industrial development of the Southeastern states." 1 The Southern Governors' Conference has explored the elements in the South's unbalanced economy, both the imbalance between agriculture and industry and that within agriculture itself. It has heard and preached the advice of leaders like Clarence Poe, editor of the Progressive Farmer, who emphasizes, for instance, that the South is way down at the bottom in the national ratio of farm livestock income to farm crop income. Beginning in 1939, the conference has publicized and advertised a plan of "balanced prosperity" for the ten-year period, 1940-50. It has called attention to the South's relative gain in industrialization over other sections in the ten years preceding 1940, with emphasis on potentialities for still greater industrial progress. Much of this is evangelical and non-controversial pressure for progress, highly suggestive of the industrial preachings of Henry W. Grady of earlier "New South" days. It
Correction of stain variations in nuclear refractive index of clinical histology specimens

For any technique to be adopted into a clinical setting, it is imperative that it seamlessly integrates with well-established clinical diagnostic workflow. We recently developed an optical microscopy technique—spatial-domain low-coherence quantitative phase microscopy (SL-QPM) that can extract the refractive index of the cell nucleus from the standard histology specimens on glass slides prepared via standard clinical protocols. This technique has shown great potential in detecting cancer with a better sensitivity than conventional pathology. A major hurdle in the clinical translation of this technique is the intrinsic variation among staining agents used in histology specimens, which limits the accuracy of refractive index measurements of clinical samples. In this paper, we present a simple and easily generalizable method to remove the effect of variations in staining levels on nuclear refractive index obtained with SL-QPM. We illustrate the efficacy of our correction method by applying it to variously stained histology samples from animal model and clinical specimens.
A Proposal for a Nomenclature for Suicide

A classification scheme for completed suicide is proposed based on the classification of first, second, and third degree murder and voluntary and involuntary manslaughter.
Retaining Young Student Parents: A Growing Challenge

Student parents face significant barriers to academic success. Joan Demeules and Beth Hamer describe St. Catherine University's Steps to Success program that provides proactive support for these vulnerable students in order to head off problems before they become insurmountable.
Evaluation of coexisting garnet-biotite, garnet-clinopyroxene, and other Mg-Fe exchange thermometers in Adirondack granulites: Summary

INTRODUCTION Of the many thermometers that have been proposed for metamorphic and igneous rocks, those that depend on the distribution of a pair of cations or groups of cations between two coexisting phases are perhaps the most widely appled and yet the most poorly calibrated for natural compositions. The most attractive feature of these systems is the apparent simplicity of their application, requiring only an analysis of the coexisting phases. Unfortunately, the partitioning of cations between co-exiting phases may depend on bulk compositions as well as temperature. In some systems—for example, Mg-Fe 2+ exchange between olivine and orthopyroxene—bulk composition has a more important effect than temperature on the distribution co-efficient (Ramberg and DeVore, 1951; Medaris, 1969; Matsui and Nishizawa, 1974). Consequently, it is important to test the effect of bulk composition as well as temperature when applying cation exchange (K D ) thermometry. (K D is defined as the ratio of a pair of cations between co-existing phases. For example, K D(Fe-Mg) (garn-cpx) = (Fe garnet/Mg garnet) (Mg cpx/Fe cpx).) The effect of pressure, on the other hand, is generally quite small, because the δV is usually very small for a given reaction of the type A (in phase X) + B (in phase Y) = B (in phase X) + A (in phase Y). Most often, the pressure dependence of K D is ignored for extrapolations within the crust—that is, for δP of less than 10 kb.
Source detection and localization using a multi-mode detector: a Bayesian approach

This paper considers a class of detection/localization problems in which the detector offers multiple operating modes. The modes differ in their detection performance and geographical coverage: "focused" modes offer higher detection performance but less coverage area than "broad search" modes. It is assumed that a signal source is to be detected and localized using a sequence of tests, each possibly employing a different mode. The goal is to determine a strategy for mode selection in the sequence of tests that will yield optimal payoff in terms of a pre-established criterion. A mathematical model capturing the key characteristics of this situation is proposed and used to develop optimal mode selection strategies.
Generalised Dirichlet series and Hecke's functional equation†

The generalised zeta-function ζ(s, α) is defined bywhere α>0 and Res>l. Clearly, ζ(s, 1)=, where ζ(s) denotes the Riemann zeta-function. In this paper we consider a general class of Dirichlet series satisfying a functional equation similar to that of ζ(s). If o(s) is such a series, we analogously define o(s, α). We shall derive a representation for o(s, α) which will be valid in the entire complex s-plane. From this representation we determine some simple properties of o(s, α).
Long-term and Short-term Evolutionary Impacts of Transposable Elements on Drosophila

Transposable elements (TEs) are considered to be genomic parasites and their interactions with their hosts have been likened to the coevolution between host and other nongenomic, horizontally transferred pathogens. TE families, however, are vertically inherited as integral segments of the nuclear genome. This transmission strategy has been suggested to weaken the selective benefits of host alleles repressing the transposition of specific TE variants. On the other hand, the elevated rates of TE transposition and high incidences of deleterious mutations observed during the rare cases of horizontal transfers of TE families between species could create at least a transient process analogous to the influence of horizontally transmitted pathogens. Here, we formally address this analogy, using empirical and theoretical analysis to specify the mechanism of how host–TE interactions may drive the evolution of host genes. We found that host TE-interacting genes actually have more pervasive evidence of adaptive evolution than immunity genes that interact with nongenomic pathogens in Drosophila. Yet, both our theoretical modeling and empirical observations comparing Drosophila melanogaster populations before and after the horizontal transfer of P elements, which invaded D. melanogaster early last century, demonstrated that horizontally transferred TEs have only a limited influence on host TE-interacting genes. We propose that the more prevalent and constant interaction with multiple vertically transmitted TE families may instead be the main force driving the fast evolution of TE-interacting genes, which is fundamentally different from the gene-for-gene interaction of host–pathogen coevolution.
Active eavesdropping in fast fading channels

In this paper we study the problem of active eavesdropping in fast fading channels. The active eavesdropper is a more powerful adversary than the classical eavesdropper. It can choose between two functional modes: eavesdropping the transmission between the legitimate parties (Ex mode), and jamming it (Jx mode) - the active eavesdropper cannot function in full duplex mode. In this paper we only consider the best-case scenario, when the transmitter knows the eavesdropper's strategy in advance - and hence can adaptively choose an encoding strategy. We show that, even under these most optimistic assumptions, an active eavesdropper can induce moderate to severe degradation of the achievable secrecy rate.
Recurrent Inhibition in the Giant-Fibre System of the Crayfish and Its Effect on the Excitability of the Escape Response

1. A single impulse in any one of the central giant fibres of the crayfish is sufficient to evoke a full escape response. 2. Following such a single impulse a search was made for inhibitory processes of similar duration to the driving movement of the escape response. 3. There is no inhibition of flexor motoneurones or muscles to prevent response to impulses in the central giant axons during the escape response. However, following an impulse in any central giant, intracellular recording showed that there is inhibition of excitatory input to the lateral giants in the abdomen. This inhibition suppresses impulse generation for the duration of the escape response. 4. The inhibition coincides with slow, depolarizing potentials in the lateral giants. These have an equilibrium potential between the normal resting potential and the threshold for spike initiation in the lateral giants. During these slow potentials there is a postsynaptic resistance decrease coinciding very closely in time course with the inhibition of excitatory input. The slow potentials are therefore identified as IPSPs (inhibitory postsynaptic potentials) because of their close association with a postsynaptic inhibitory process. This conclusion is endorsed: ( a ) by the absence of similar slow potentials in the abdominal medial giants which have no excitatory input at this location, and ( b ) by the diminution of the slow potentials by picrotoxin, a drug known to block inhibition at many crustacean synapses. 5. When evoked repetitively, even at low frequencies like 0.25 per sec, the IPSPs decrease in amplitude. No other ‘after effects’ of repeated activity were found. 6. Attempts to localize the inhibitory synapses are frustrated by the large space constant of the lateral giants. However, the evidence is compatible with the notion that inhibition originates within each abdominal ganglion. There is occlusion and crossed response decrement between the central giant axons evoking lateral giant inhibition. This suggests that the different presynaptic fibres excite some common inhibitory pathway in each ganglion. Further experiments showed that pathways producing inhibition in one ganglion can be excited in others. Interneuronal arrangements to explain properties of the inhibitory pathways are discussed. 7. Two functions are suggested for the recurrent inhibition in the crayfish lateral giants. First, it may limit the number of impulses that are evoked by a single afferent excitatory volley. Secondly, it may coordinate successive escape responses by suppressing impulse generation in the lateral giants during such responses.
Parenting and family support within a broad child abuse prevention strategy: child maltreatment prevention can benefit from public health strategies

By definition, child maltreatment (CM) by a family caregiver is parenting gone awry. That prevention of CM would not directly involve the strengthening of parenting is not an easily defended position. However, it is also widely accepted that broader contextual conditions and factors, including those associated with pronounced poverty, adversely affect families and parenting, and exacerbate risk for CM. Parenting-focused intervention is not the only piece needed in a prevention strategy, but it is a critical piece nonetheless. Another contextual consideration, often overlooked, is the collective modeling and contagion effect of parenting across the entire community, for better or worse. Coercive and problematic parenting practices do not arise in a vacuum, nor do pro-social ones. Interventions to improve parenting are important to CM prevention but need to be embedded in a broader public health strategy.
Risk stratification for sudden cardiac death: a puzzle beyond p values.

In their elegant paper in this issue of the Journal , Laukkanen et al. ([1][1]) report on a seemingly strong association between maximal oxygen consumption and risk of sudden cardiac death. The corresponding p value was <0.001. Case closed? First, some background. Despite dramatic advances in
Dirty Discourse: Sex and Indecency in American Radio by Robert L. Hilliard and Michael C. Keith. Ames: Iowa State Press, 2003. 297 pp

(2003). Dirty Discourse: Sex and Indecency in American Radio by Robert L. Hilliard and Michael C. Keith. Ames: Iowa State Press, 2003. 297 pp. American Journalism: Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 124-125.
Deformance, Performativity, Posthumanism

David S. Reynolds, “Deformance, Performativity, Posthumanism: The Subversive Style and Radical Politics of George Lippard’s The Quaker City ” (pp. 36–64) The most interesting American example of the genre known as city-mysteries fiction, George Lippard’s The Quaker City (1844–45), while rich in characters, stymies the novelistic stability conventionally provided by the struggles of heroes against villains in the mystery genre. Lippard’s style thus gets foregrounded as the locus of morality and politics, displaying an acerbic, presurrealistic edge. The current essay surveys linguistic and generic deformations (alinear narrative, irony and parody, bizarre tropes, performativity, and periperformativity) and biological and material deformations (posthuman images, including animals, objects, sonic effects, and vibrant matter) in The Quaker City to suggest how Lippard stylistically reinforces his goal of satirizing literary and social conventions and of exposing what he regards as hypocrisy and corruption on the part of America’s ruling class.
Health Impacts of the Great Recession: a Critical Review

The severity, sudden onset, and multipronged nature of the Great Recession (2007–2009) provided a unique opportunity to examine the health impacts of macroeconomic downturn. We comprehensively review empirical literature examining the relationship between the Recession and mental and physical health outcomes in developed nations. Overall, studies reported detrimental impacts of the Recession on health, particularly mental health. Macro- and individual-level employment- and housing-related sequelae of the Recession were associated with declining fertility and self-rated health, and increasing morbidity, psychological distress, and suicide, although traffic fatalities and population-level alcohol consumption declined. Health impacts were stronger among men and racial/ethnic minorities. Importantly, strong social safety nets in some European countries appear to have buffered those populations from negative health effects. This literature, however, still faces multiple methodological challenges, and more time may be needed to observe the Recession’s full health impact. We conclude with suggestions for future work in this field.
Blockage of Pheromone Perception in Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Males with N-alkylmaleimides

N -alkylmaleimides having 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl group were evaluated as blocking agents of sex pheromone perception by cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner), males. Compounds containing two to six carbons in the alkyl group were the most active. Complete blockage of antennal response, as measured by electroantennogram procedures, was obtained by exposure of males to a dose of 37.5 μ g/liter of the N -butylmaleimide for 1 hr. Blockage, presumably reaction with essential sulfhydryl groups, was irreversible, and pheromone offered no protection to maleimide-sensitive sites. Major reduction of male antennal response was necessary to disrupt the insects' ability to locate pheromone in a wind tunnel. Males' interest in mating was apparently destroyed, but females appeared to mate normally following exposure of moths to blocking doses of the chemical.
Acute phase serodiagnosis using Quik-Sep ion exchange chromatography.

A commercial ion-exchange column method (Quik-Sep®) for isolation of immunoglobulin M (IgM) free from immunoglobulin G (IgG) was evaluated. After column separation, serum IgM recovery averaged 88% (46–100%) with IgG removal averaging 95% (91–100%). Rubella and Toxoplasma gondii IgM antibodies were recovered without a change in titer, whereas IgG antibodies were removed effectively. Rheumatoid factor (RF) interference and IgG blocking antibodies were eliminated following column chromatography.
Effects of Current Density on Structure and Morphology of Brushite by Sonoelectrodeposition Technique

Sonoelectrodeposition technique has been used to prepare bioactive brushite coatings on carbon/carbon composites. The effects of current density on the structures and morphology of the bioactive brushite coatings were also investigated. It is found that the coatings with plate like (021), granular like (111), and flower like(220)morphology can be fabricated by using different current densities respectively. The results show that the sizes of as deposited particles decrease with increasing current density. In addition, the mechanism of the variation of their microstructures was also discussed.
Problems and solution to the construction of intellectualized buildings

The application of Intelligent System in modern constructions is very popular.The intelligent construction of the Fujian Research Center of Agricultural High-tech was used as a case to study some problems faced by the construction of intellectualized buildings and to put forward the solutions.
Stress and Coping Among Displaced Bosnian Refugees: An Exploratory Study

Traumatic experiences associated with the recent war in Bosnia (1992–1995) have impacted the lives of many Bosnian refugees and displaced people. Approximately 25% of Bosnians were forced to leave their homes and resettle in other areas of Bosnia or abroad. In this study, 82 displaced Bosnians living in the area of Tuzla, Bosnia, and 53 refugees living in the San Francisco Bay area completed the same questionnaire in the Bosnian language. The study describes war-related stress and the association of marital status, anxiety, depression, and sensitivity levels. Furthermore, being single, having lower anxiety ratings, finding and adapting to a new environment easily, and moving on with their lives indicated better self-reported health. Findings also revealed that being divorced or separated, better self-reported health, and lower anxiety, depression, and sensitivity ratings were predictors of more effective coping.
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in patients with a solitary kidney.

AbstractExtracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was used to treat 68 patients with renal calculi in a solitary kidney. Epidemiological information, including stone number, size and location, was similar to that of other patients treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Renal function as measured by serum creatinine changed negligibly in the majority of the patients. Three patients had transient serum creatinine elevations greater than 2mg. per dl. that were caused by obstruction from stone fragments. There were 2 perirenal hematomas that required transfusion. One patient required retrograde manipulation of a ureteral stone before extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, while 6 required stone manipulations after therapy for steinstrasses.Of 59 patients evaluable after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy 58 (98.3 per cent) had a successful result: 38 (64.4 per cent) were completely free of stones and 20 (33.9 per cent) had clinically insignificant residual fragments.Extracorporeal shock wave litho...
A Rare Case of Cystic Schwannoma of the Portal Triad

Schwannomas can occur anywhere throughout the body and have often been mistaken for more-sinister lesions, especially when found in relation to the pancreas. Clinical symptoms range from none to vague abdominal pain, back pain, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting, jaundice, and episodes of cholangitis and gastrointestinal bleeding. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult, and endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration is often limited in specificity. Given the low statistical likelihood of schwannomas, therapy is usually targeted at the possibility of pancreatic cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma. Simple enucleation is usually the preferred treatment, and diagnosis can be established at the time of operation by frozen section. Schwannomas can be malignant, but preoperative imaging and pathology can help establish the benign nature of most specimens. Patients typically do well with resolution of symptoms. Here we present the case of a patient with abdominal pain and a peripancreatic mass observed with computed tomography, who was found to have a cystic schwannoma extending from the portal triad. The mass was removed and the patient was discharged without complications.
What’s next for whiteness and the Internet

ABSTRACTThis essay explores future areas of inquiry for those interested in understanding the dynamic character of whiteness in the social media environment. Whiteness is not static, but changes to secure it position of domination and it is important for scholars to pay attention to the role of social media in reproducing whiteness.
Continuation of EGFR/ALK inhibition after local therapy of oligoprogressive disease in EGFR mutant (Mt) and ALK+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

7526 Background: This study aimed to investigate the benefits of local treatment of limited disease progression and continuation of crizotinib (C) or EGFR-TKI in patients with ALK+ or EGFR-Mt metas...
Patient handling activity recognition through pressure-map manifold learning using a footwear sensor

Abstract The risk of overexertion injury caused by patient handling and movement activities causes chronic pain and other physical and social impairments among the nursing force. The accurate recognition of patient handling activities (PHA) is the first step to reduce injury risk for caregivers. The current practice on workplace activity recognition is neither accurate nor convenient to perform. In this paper, we propose a novel solution comprising a smart footwear device and an action manifold learning framework to address the challenge. The wearable device, called Smart Insole, is equipped with a rich set of sensors and can provide an unobtrusive approach to obtain and characterize the action information of patient handling activities. Our proposed action manifold learning (AML) framework extracts the intrinsic signature structure by projecting raw pressure data from a high-dimensional input space to a low-dimensional manifold space. This framework not only performs dimension reduction but also reduces motion artifacts, which is robust against the noise and inter-class/intra-class variation in PHA recognition. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, we perform a pilot study with eight subjects including eight common activities in a nursing room. The intrinsic dimensionality of the manifold is estimated by comparing the residual variances of different dimensionality settings. The experimental results show the overall classification accuracy achieves 86.6%. Meanwhile, the qualitative profile and load level can also be classified with accuracies of 98.9% and 88.3%, respectively.
Interdisciplinary teamwork pedagogy

INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAMWORK PEDAGOGY By Carole Kennedy Ivey A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2011 Dissertation Chair: Evelyn Reed, Ph.D., Department Chair, Special Education and Disability Policy, School of Education The purpose of this study was to describe the interdisciplinary teamwork pedagogy of the Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Related Disabilities (LEND) training programs, specifically the content focus, instructional methods, and assessment practices. LEND programs are a national network providing long-term, graduate interdisciplinary training through federal funds from Health Resources and Service's Administration's Maternal Child Health Bureau. This study used a mixed method approach to describe the interdisciplinary teamwork pedagogy of LEND training programs. The study occurred in three stages: 1) a survey of LEND training directors, 2) a survey of LEND interdisciplinary teamwork instructors, and 3) document review of the national LEND website and LEND program websites. Data were analyzed using statistical and qualitative methods and interpreted through the use of professional competencies, the How People Learn framework, and research literature. This study provides for an understanding of interdisciplinary teamwork within one national program in order to inform efforts for training, practice, and research.
An Intrapersonal Process in Cross-Cultural Adaptation: Imagined Interactions Among Temporary Sojourners

The individual experience in cross-cultural adaptation has been studied by a variety of disciplines. Researchers in communication, social psychology, sociolinguistics, cultural anthropology, and psychiatry have attempted to explain the varying impact of cross-cultural adaptation on the individual. In an effort to integrate the various perspectives, Kim (1988) developed a theoretical framework from which to study the cross-cultural adaptation process. Adaptation is defined as “the internal transformation of an individual challenged by a new cultural environment in the direction of increasing fitness and compatibility in that environment” (Kim, 1988, p. 9). Underlying this definition of adaptation is the assumption that culture and cognition are inseparable.
Organometallic Zirconium Compounds in an Oxygen-Rich Coordination Environment: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Tris(oxoimidazolyl)hydroboratozirconium Compounds

A series of tris(oxoimidazolyl)hydroborato ligands, which serve as L2X [O3] donors, have been employed to obtain organometallic zirconium compounds in an uncommon oxygen-rich coordination environment. For example, Cp[ToMeBenz]ZrCl2 has been synthesized via the reaction of [ToMeBenz]Na with CpZrCl3 and bears a structural resemblance to the bent metallocene dichloride derivative Cp2ZrCl2. In addition, the half-sandwich counterparts [ToMeBenz]ZrCl3 and [ToBut]ZrCl3 have been obtained by metathesis of ZrCl4 with [ToMeBenz]Na and [ToBut]Na, respectively. The structurally related zirconium benzyl compounds [ToRBenz]Zr(CH2Ph)3 (R = Me, But, 1-Ad) have also been synthesized via the reactions of [ToRBenz]Tl with Zr(CH2Ph)4, and X-ray diffraction studies demonstrate that the benzyl ligands in these compounds are conformationally flexible and exhibit a large range of Zr–CH2–Ph bond angles (94.7–131.7°). Protolytic cleavage of one of the benzyl ligands of [ToRBenz]Zr(CH2Ph)3 (R = But, 1-Ad) may be achieved by treatme...
Virtual Reality Games for Health Care

Virtual reality (VR) and interactive technologies have become increasingly common in today’s world, and there are many applications for this technology in numerous fields. In this paper, we present a review on recent and ongoing research related to applications of VR and VR games in the healthcare field. VR technology is allowing medical practitioners to help their patients in a number of innovative ways in addition to helping health care providers improve their skills. Lastly, we propose a VR game design for rehabilitation and palliative care.
Long Time Stability for Solutions of a β-Plane Equation

We prove stability for arbitrarily long times of the zero solution for the so-called β-plane equation, which describes the motion of a two-dimensional inviscid, ideal fluid under the influence of the Coriolis effect. The Coriolis force introduces a linear dispersive operator into the two-dimensional incompressible Euler equations, thus making this problem amenable to an analysis from the point of view of nonlinear dispersive equations. The dispersive operator, L1:=∂1/| ∇ |2, exhibits good decay, but has numerous unfavorable properties, chief among which are its anisotropy and its behavior at small frequencies.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Academic Success and Athletic Identity in Collegiate Student-Athletes

Upon entering college in the United States, students are exposed to alcohol and, relatedly, the potentially dangerous experiences and effects that come with consuming alcohol. This is especially true for collegiate student-athletes, who have been found to have the highest consumption rate among student groups on campus. The purpose of the study was to understand the relationship between how student-athletes at a focus university, a Division I member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, experience alcohol consumption, how their consumption affects their academic grade point average (GPA), and how athletic identity plays a role in their experiences. While the research focuses on this one university, the findings are congruent with similar studies which focused on other colleges and/or the American college experience as a whole. Due to the large number of student-athletes in collegiate athletics, understanding and examining the correlation between alcohol consumption and the effect it has on academic success can be beneficial for multiple entities within a college dynamic. Survey data was collected from current student-athletes at a mid-sized Division I college in the Midwestern region of the United States. From this data, chi-square analysis showed that female student-athletes had statistically higher GPA than males, and a substantial sum of overall participants binge-drank during their last drinking occasion, and on both game and non-game days. A majority of respondents identify more with being a full-time athlete than being a full-time student. Results provide validity to past research studies, and allow for understanding to why student-athletes are at a higher risk of binge drinking. Practical implications and limitations are noted. Suggestions for future research include a larger sample from a variety of different universities, and understanding motivations between specific sports for academic success and alcohol consumption. Keywords: alcohol consumption, identity, gender, sport, culture, academics