cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Gonadotropin and Steroid Secretory Patterns during Chronic Treatment with a Luteinizing Hormone- Releasing Hormone Agonist Analog in Men

LHRH agonist analogs induce hypogonadism in man but the mechanism is uncertain. To evaluate this, we treated 13 normal men with 50 Mg⁄day D-Trp6,Pro9-NEt LHRH (LHRHA) for periods up to 8 weeks and measured (1) patterns of endogenous gonadotropin and testosterone secretion, (2) gonadal response to exogenous human LH infusions, and (3)gonadotropin and testosterone responses to hourly bolus doses of LHRH. Seven men were evaluated with frequent sampling for 12-h periods every 4 week during treatment with LHRHA. Before treatment, all had three to four spikes of LH in 12 h. On the first day of treatment, the response to LHRHA was tested in four of the men, and there were significant increases in LH, FSH, and testosterone. After 4 weeks, all men had dramatic decreases in mean testosterone levels and blunted or absent gonadotropin responses to acute injection of LHRHA. Mean gonadotropin levels at 4 and 8 weeks were variable; values lower than pretreatment basal levels were found in three men, while unchanged or h...
Optical Free Induction Decay

A simple application of the Stark-pulse technique, developed by Brewer and Shoemaker, demonstrates optical free induction decay-the optical analog of free induction decay in NMR. A molecular sample which is coherently prepared by a cw laser beam exhibits such a decay when it is suddenly switched out of resonance by a Stark field. Observations are presented for a nondegenerate Doppler-broadened infrared transition of N${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$D, where the sample is optically thin, and the decay behavior can be compared quantitatively with a solution of the Bloch equations. When the molecular sample is prepared under steady-state conditions, the solutions are analytic; for pulse excitation, a numerical solution is required. The treatment invokes a hard-collision relaxation model. Such characteristics as the abrupt termination of the decay and the related edge echo, which result from Doppler dephasing, can be examined for Stark pulses of finite extent.
Multilinear Projection for Appearance-Based Recognition in the Tensor Framework

Numerical multilinear (tensor) algebra is a principled mathematical approach to disentangling and explicitly and parsimoniously representing the essential factors or modes of image formation, among them illumination, scene geometry, and imaging, thereby dramatically improving the performance of appearance-based recognition. Generalizing concepts from linear (matrix) algebra, we define the identity tensor and the pseudo-inverse tensor and we employ them to develop a multilinear projection algorithm, which is natural for performing recognition in the tensor algebraic framework. Our multilinear projection algorithm simultaneously projects an unlabeled test image into multiple constituent mode spaces spanned by learned, mode-specific basis sets in order to infer its mode labels. Multilinear projection is applied to unconstrained facial image recognition, where the mode labels are person identity, viewpoint, illumination, etc.
Predicting effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy based on QRS decomposition using the Meyer orthogonal wavelet transformation

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has shown clinical benefit for patients with heart failure (HF). However, up to one third of these patients do not respond to CRT. The aim of this study is to determine if specific conduction abnormalities are common to patients who respond to CRT and if these can be identified and quantified on the surface ECG. A signal averaging algorithm was developed to enhance the QRS features and decrease the noise level. Then, a Meyer orthogonal wavelet transformation was applied to the ECG to decompose the QRS. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that a combination of wavelet coefficients with clinical factors allowed 80% of sensitivity and specificity using the signal from either lead X or Z. Our preliminary results indicate that time-scale decomposition of the high-resolution QRS signal contains information on predicting individuals' response to CRT.
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) as a Gas Sensor

A thermoelectric “nano-nose” has been built from tangled bundles of single- walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT). The detector’s thermoelectric response [.Delta]S is sensitive to the logarithmic energy derivative of the additional bundle resistivity ([.rho]a) which is identified with the adsorbed molecules. The response is therefore specific to the details of the interaction of the adsorbed molecule with the nanotube wall; even gases such as He, N2 and H2 can be easily detected. Plots of [?]S vs. [?]a are sensitive to whether oxidation or reduction of the tube wall is taking place, and to whether the gas molecule is physisorbed or chemisorbed. The utility of the sensor stems from the amphoteric nature of the SWNT, the quasi-one-dimensional character of the charge conduction and the high specific surface area of SWNTs.
2.5-V bipolar/CMOS circuits for 0.25- mu m BiCMOS technology

An ECL circuit with an active pull-down device, operated from a CMOS supply voltage, is described as a high-speed digital circuit for a 0.25- mu m BiCMOS technology. A pair of ECL/CMOS level converters with built-in logic capability is presented for effective intermixing of ECL with CMOS circuits. Using a 2.5-V supply and a reduced-swing BiNMOS buffer, the ECL circuit has reduced power dissipation, while still providing good speed. A design example shows the implementation of complex logic by emitter and collector dottings and the selective use of ECL circuits to achieve high performance. >
Critical Monitoring Issues Outside the Operating Room

There is no need to reinvent the wheel to determine the need for vigilant monitoring in outside of the operating room (OOR) settings. Anesthesiologists have evolved a robust system of monitoring standards based on decades of experience in operating room environments. Every OOR location should be thoroughly evaluated and monitoring standards implemented. The standards should be periodically reviewed to avert morbidity.
Parallelization of Radiance For Real Time Interactive Lighting Visualization Walkthroughs

Radiance is a software package developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for lighting visualization. Lighting visualization predicts how lighting would appear if a modelled scene were to be physically realized. Unlike most lighting systems, Radiance physically models the effects of lighting, providing an image that is closer to physical reality. This is of obvious benefit to architects and lighting designers. Such visualizations are computationally expensive: rendering a single image can take hours on a standard workstation environment. Ideally, an architect would like to be able to interactively navigate through a scene to get a full impression of the true appearance of a particular model. With this goal in mind, we have (1) developed a geometric-based method (point cloud) to reuse pixels from a previous frame and (2) developed a parallel, distributed memory implementation of Radiance and the point cloud using MPI for inter-processor communication.
Things Fall Apart: State Failure and the Politics of Intervention

Reviewing the growing literature on failed states, this article identifies a debate between proposals to resurrect United Nations (UN) trusteeship and other possible solutions. It questions the necessity for and the legal, moral, and practical implications of instituting large-scale, state-building mechanisms. Much of the opposition to trusteeship seems to be based on automatic criticism, linking it to colonialism and legal restrictions in the UN Charter. This type of response ignores the necessity for comprehensive long-term solutions to state failure. Trusteeship may seem radical, but it reflects the severity of the problem and challenges scholars and policymakers to break out of conventional modes of intervention. The conventional methods have not brought us any closer to developing viable means of responding to situations that threaten individual, state, and international security. Possible solutions lie in changing the direction of intervention policy toward comprehensive and coordinated efforts by compiling past experience into a more holistic approach, such as that of peace maintenance.
The role of the RKH space F in the analysis and design of recurrent neural networks

The space F(H), or simply F, is a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) of analytic (nonlinear) functional (Volterra functional) on a separable Hilbert space H. It was introduced in the late 1970's by the author, in collaboration with T.A.W. Dwyer, III, and L. Zyla, to represent input-output maps of large scale nonlinear dynamical systems. In the present paper we show how the properties of F, and, in particular, its reproducing kernel, can be used to model the structure and behavior of recurrent neural networks (RNNs).
X-ray absorption spectroscopy identifies calcium-uranyl-carbonate complexes at environmental concentrations

Current research on bioremediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater focuses on supplying indigenous metal-reducing bacteria with the appropriate metabolic requirements to induce microbiological reduction of soluble uranium(VI) to poorly soluble uranium(IV). Recent studies of uranium(VI) bioreduction in the presence of environmentally relevant levels of calcium revealed limited and slowed uranium(VI) reduction and the formation of a Ca–UO2–CO3 complex. However, the stoichiometry of the complex is poorly defined and may be complicated by the presence of a Na–UO2–CO3 complex. Such a complex might exist even at high calcium concentrations, as some UO2–CO3 complexes will still be present. The number of calcium and/or sodium atoms coordinated to a uranyl carbonate complex will determine the net charge of the complex. Such a change in aqueous speciation of uranium(VI) in calcareous groundwater may affect the fate and transport properties of uranium. In this paper, we present the results from X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements of a series of solutions containing 50 lM uranium(VI) and 30 mM sodium bicarbonate, with various calcium concentrations of 0–5 mM. Use of the data series reduces the uncertainty in the number of calcium atoms bound to the UO2–CO3 complex to approximately 0.6 and enables spectroscopic identification of the Na–UO2–CO3 complex. At nearly neutral pH values, the numbers of sodium and calcium atoms bound to the uranyl triscarbonate species are found to depend on the calcium concentration, as predicted by speciation calculations.
Uncertainty-based multiobjective optimization of groundwater remediation design

[1] Management of groundwater contamination often involves conflicting objectives and substantial uncertainty. The primary objective of this paper is to present a new approach, called the probabilistic multiobjective genetic algorithm (PMOGA), which incorporates uncertainty with multiobjective Pareto optimization. This type of approach is needed for water resources problems with multiple uncertain objectives; previous uncertainty-based optimization approaches consider uncertainty only in the constraints (typically constraining reliability with respect to environmental standards) or in a single objective. The optimization algorithm uses a probabilistic ranking and crowding scheme that improves decision making within the genetic algorithm by identifying a set of solutions that are Pareto optimal despite the uncertainty in the objective values. The algorithm is applied to two groundwater remediation test cases with uncertain objectives: a hypothetical case study and a field-scale pump-and-treat design problem at the Umatilla Chemical Depot situated at Hermiston, Oregon. For these case studies the primary source of uncertainty stems from uncertain aquifer hydraulic conductivity values, which affect both the remediation cost and efficiency. Results are analyzed, and the advantages of the PMOGA are discussed relative to an averaging-based multiobjective approach, a stochastic single-objective approach (similar to chance constrained optimization), and a deterministic multiobjective approach. The results demonstrate that using such an uncertainty-based multiobjective optimization scheme can give valuable information about remediation options, giving results that are not only cost effective but that also have lower uncertainty.
Information theory and predictability for low-frequency variability

Abstract A predictability framework, based on relative entropy, is applied here to low-frequency variability in a standard T21 barotropic model on the sphere with realistic orography. Two types of realistic climatology, corresponding to different heights in the troposphere, are used. The two dynamical regimes with different mixing properties, induced by the two types of climate, allow the testing of the predictability framework in a wide range of situations. The leading patterns of empirical orthogonal functions, projected onto physical space, mimic the large-scale teleconnections of observed flow, in particular the Arctic Oscillation, Pacific–North American pattern, and North Atlantic Oscillation. In the ensemble forecast experiments, relative entropy is utilized to measure the lack of information in three different situations: the lack of information in the climate relative to the forecast ensemble, the lack of information by using only the mean state and variance of the forecast ensemble, and informati...
Towards mutation-based testing of column-oriented database queries

There has been tremendous growth over the last few years of applications employing column-oriented databases (a common type of non-relational database) to store unstructured or semi-structured data. These applications have queries present in the implementation which need to be tested. Despite many literature works focus on testing relational database applications having SQL queries, there has been very little effort in testing of applications having non-relational database queries, in particular, column-oriented database queries. This paper proposes to apply fault injection-based testing approach (mutation analysis) for Cassandra, which is a popular column-oriented non-relational database. We propose a set of mutation operators for queries written in Cassandra Query Language (CQL) and mutant killing criteria. We also perform an initial evaluation for two types of CQL commands: key space and columnfamily creation and management. Our proposed approach will be the beginning step for developers and practitioners for applying fault injection based testing concept in the vast area of testing applications having non-relational database queries.
Coordination of client services

Case coordination is an important social work activity with roots in the earlest objectives and functions of the profession. This article outlines the theoretical framework of case coordination and describes the tasks, skills, and knowledge essential to it.
Renal nutcracker syndrome: surgical options

Nutcracker syndrome is one of the abdominal venous entrapments, caused by compression of the left renal vein between the superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta. Occasionally a retro-aortic left renal vein is compressed between the aorta and the vertebral body (posterior nutcracker syndrome). The renal vein distal to the compression is dilated and renal venous flow can be diverted toward the pelvis through an incompetent, refluxing, left ovarian or spermatic vein, in addition to drainage through retroperitoneal venous collaterals. In this article, we describe the different surgical and endovascular techniques that are used to treat this syndrome.
The Evolutionary Roots of Human Decision Making

Humans exhibit a suite of biases when making economic decisions. We review recent research on the origins of human decision making by examining whether similar choice biases are seen in nonhuman primates, our closest phylogenetic relatives. We propose that comparative studies can provide insight into four major questions about the nature of human choice biases that cannot be addressed by studies of our species alone. First, research with other primates can address the evolution of human choice biases and identify shared versus human-unique tendencies in decision making. Second, primate studies can constrain hypotheses about the psychological mechanisms underlying such biases. Third, comparisons of closely related species can identify when distinct mechanisms underlie related biases by examining evolutionary dissociations in choice strategies. Finally, comparative work can provide insight into the biological rationality of economically irrational preferences.
Neuroticism, daily hassles, and depressive symptoms: An examination of moderating and mediating effects

This study examined the relationship between the personality trait neuroticism (N) and daily hassles in the development of depressive symptoms. Seventy-seven college freshmen completed self-report measures of N, daily hassles, and depression at 3 time points during the academic year. Models of moderation and mediation among N, hassles, and depressive symptoms were examined using regression analysis. High-N individuals were more likely than low-N individuals to develop depressive symptoms under exposure to hassles. Additionally, daily hassles partially mediated the relationship between N and depressive symptoms. Taken together the results of this study indicate that (a) high levels of N exacerbate the effect of daily hassles on the development of depressive symptoms, and (b) a portion of the effect of N on depressive symptoms may be attributed to differential exposure to daily hassles.
A Woman of Merit: Building the Silk Road of Lao Peoples Democratic Republic through Space and Time

A long silk road travels through both time and space in Lao Peoples Democratic Republic (PDR). It is not a road of camels and sand, rather it winds through the open planes of Phongsavan and finds its way to Vientiane and Luang Prabang where the Lao silks are brought to market. The road also spans the life of a little known Lao heroine by the name of Mrs. Kommaly Chanthavong. It has been said that her life is the story of Lao, holding a turbulent past and an emerging more hopeful future. Mrs. Kommaly Chanthavong’s story offers something new for socioeconomic development, specifically the concept of solicitude. Solicitude is the mutual exchange of self-esteem and self-respect among human beings. The challenge of this exchange is to bring together the elements of personal and collaborative identity, relationship, and a commercial market in the practical expression of a just livelihood. The process of development within this orientation takes into account the availability of current resources—both human and material. In such an account resides the most powerful resource, namely the human imagination. Over time and in a space of imagination, Mrs. Kommaly Chanthavong brought forth, with her workers, a silk farm that produces high quality products that find their way to the tourist markets in Lao PDR and into the United States (U.S.) . Mrs. Kommaly Chanthavong stands as one pristine example of ways development can bring both local Lao communities and, in turn, local communities of other nations, into new relationships. In this case, exquisite silks pave a road that moves beyond the borders of Lao PDR. Key Words: Lar PDR solicitude, socioeconomic development, identity, imagination
Note: Social Desirability Set in Measurement of Ethnic Stereotypes:

The influence of social desirability set in ethnic stereotype measurement was demonstrated via the paired comparison method. The substantial positive correlation between the favorability value of an adjective and the percentage of 114 subjects choosing the adjective to describe a target group, holds for both salient and also unfamiliar target ethnic groups.
Effect of Hemoperfusion on Clearance of Gentamicin, Cephalothin, and Clindamycin from Plasma of Normal Dogs

Nine normal dogs were divided into three groups of three. Group 1 was given an overdose of gentamicin; group 2, cephalothin; and group 3, clindamycin. Group 1 had hemoperfusion with Amberlite XE-336, and groups 2 and 3 with Amberlite XAD-4 resin adsorbents, for 6 hr with a blood flow rate of 300 ml/min. The plasma clearance and removal rates of antibiotics by the hemoperfusion columns were high. The clearance rate of gentamicin from plasma (mean +/- standard deviation) ranged from 59 +/- 30 to 199 +/- 6 ml/min, of cephalothin from 66 +/- 14 to 157 +/- 8 ml/min, and of clindamycin from 55 +/- 9 to 125 +/- 16 ml/min. Of the total dose of antibiotic administered, the hemoperfusion columns removed 67% from theplasma in group 1, 41% in group 2, and 18% in group 3. The fact that antibiotics may be rapidly removed from the blood during hemoperfusion should be considered in calculation of the therapeutic dose of antibiotic required for patients who receive this preocedure. Also, hemoperfusion can effectively and rapidly remove certain antibiotics from the blood of patients who have had a potentially toxic overdose.
Neurocutaneous syndromes in children.

Many disorders of the central nervous system have cutaneous manifestations that are important diagnostic indications of a basic syndrome. This presentation discusses the pediatric variations of these syndromes, stressing the clinical features associated with defects in pigmentation, vascular markings, and skin-hair defects.
The good and bad of T cell promiscuity

Somatic gene rearrangement of the αβ T cell receptor (TCR) generates a diverse pool of naive T cells, which should theoretically recognize all foreign peptides (> than 1015) that might be encountered in a lifetime. Current studies estimate less than 108 distinct TCRs in the human naive T cell
[The use of locking plate/screw systems for mandibular surgery].

不同类型的接骨板为下颌骨骨折和截骨提供了稳定的固定.传统接骨板(钉)系统的缺点是接骨板必须与骨面完全贴合才能防止在螺钉拧紧时,骨段因适应接骨板形态而发生位置改变和咬合关系变化.自锁板(钉)系统在下颌骨骨折和骨缺损的治疗中所显现的优势远远超过其他板(钉)系统[1-5].通过将螺钉锁结在板上而获得稳定性,自锁板(钉)系统的独特优势就是接骨板不必与骨面紧密接触[6].实验研究显示,自锁板(钉)系统较非自锁板(钉)系统有更强的稳定性[3,7].同时可以适当减少各骨段上的固定螺钉数量[1-2,6-9]。
FLIC Microscopy Reveals Different Conformational States of Syntaxin 1a in Supported Lipid Bilayers

The fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane is a fast and highly regulated process that is catalyzed by the exocytotic SNAREs synaptobrevin-2 (VAMP-2), SNAP-25, and syntaxin-1a (Syx1a). In addition to the SNAREs a number of protein players that regulate the fusion process have been identified and characterized. Despite the tremendous progress in this field we are still missing a molecular timeline that leads from docking of synaptic vesicles to the plasma membrane, to priming of the fusion machinery and eventually to fusion of the two membranes once an action potential reaches the synaptic terminal. One of the difficulties in approaching these questions arises from the fact that the lipid environment plays an active role in regulating this protein driven process.Reconstituting SNAREs into supported lipid bilayers allows us to characterize the state of these proteins in different lipid environments. Using fluorescence interference contrast (FLIC) microscopy we measure distances of specific residues in Syx1a from the membrane surface. Here, we report how regulatory proteins like Munc18 and Munc13 modulate the state of Syx1a in the presence and absence of SNAP-25.
Dextromethorphan: a case study on addressing abuse of a safe and effective drug

Background Dextromethorphan is a safe, effective cough suppressant, available without a prescription in the United States since 1958. Due to a perceived prevalence of abuse of dextromethorphan by teens, in 2007 the Drug Enforcement Administration requested the Food and Drug Administration evaluate whether dextromethorphan should be recommended for scheduling under the Controlled Substances Act. The Food and Drug Administration held an Advisory Committee meeting in 2010 to provide a scientific and medical evaluation of dextromethorphan and its abuse potential.
Capillary Electrophoresis and 5-Channel LIF Detection of a 26plex Autosomal STR Assay for Human Identification

Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a common method used for DNA typing in forensic and paternity cases. There are numerous commercial short tandem repeat (STR) multiplex assays currently available to the forensic community. These assays amplify the core Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) STR loci for entry into the US. DNA database. Additional non-CODIS loci, which are considered genetically unlinked to the CODIS loci, can be useful in resolving challenging cases such as missing persons and mass disaster victim identification, paternity testing, and immigration testing. An STR multiplex has been successfully developed with 25 non-CODIS autosomal loci plus the sex-typing locus amelogenin for a total of 26 loci in a single 26plex amplification reaction. This chapter will focus on the preparation and the use of the 26plex assay with DNA samples for the purpose of human identification.
Tier partitioning strategy to mitigate BEOL degradation and cost issues in monolithic 3D ICs

In this paper, we develop tier partitioning strategy to mitigate back-end-of-line (BEOL) interconnect delay degradation and cost issues in monolithic 3D ICs (M3D). First, we study the routing overhead and delay degradation caused by tungsten BEOL interconnect in the bottom-tier of M3D. Our study shows that tungsten BEOL reduces performance by up to 30% at 4× resistance increase of bottom-tier interconnect. In addition, the bottom-tier BEOL adds a routing overhead to 3D nets, which is neglected in the state-of-the-art flow. Next, we develop two partitioning methods targeted specifically towards BEOL impact reduction. Our path-based approach identifies critical timing paths and places their cells in the top-tier to reduce the impact of delay degradation and routing overhead. Our net-based partitioning methodology confines the nets with long 2D wirelength into the top-tier to reduce the overall routing demand, and hence the metal layer usage in the bottom-tier. This in turn results in BEOL cost savings. Using a foundry 22nm FDSOI technology and full-chip GDS designs, we achieve tolerance of up to 4× increase in the bottom-tier BEOL resistance using our partitioning strategy. In addition, we save up to 3 metal layers in the bottom-tier of our M3D designs with up to 32% power savings over 2D IC for an interconnect dominated benchmark.
A case study of the institutional culture at a voluntary-sector counselling center: how does it affect counsellors and their practice?

ABSTRACTPerson-centered counsellors work in a wide variety of institutional settings, each with their own group cultures. This case study examines the group culture among counsellors working at a voluntary-sector-independent counselling center and seeks to determine how this culture affected counsellors’ sense of themselves and the way they were with their clients. A grounded theory methodology was employed. Data were collected through sentence completion exercises facilitated in small groups and through individual responses to questions about the impact of institutional culture on the work with clients, which elicited open-ended pieces of reflexive writing. In this particular Center, counsellors felt valued and a sense of belonging. Belonging was so important to participants that they would submit, at times, to what they felt were unnecessary group policies, in order to remain connected to the group. Counsellors perceived the culture at the Center as positively affecting their way of being with clients. ...
Role of Grafting Mechanism on the Polymer Coverage and Self-Assembly of Hairy Nanoparticles

It is now well-accepted that controlling the spatial dispersion of nanoparticles (NPs), which can be achieved by grafting them with polymers of different chain lengths and grafting densities, is central to optimizing the thermomechanical properties of the resulting polymer nanocomposites. In general, there are two methods for creating such polymer-grafted NPs: “grafting to” and “grafting from”. The conventional wisdom is that the “grafting from” mechanism, where monomer-sized initiator/functional groups are attached to the surface followed by growing the chains, allows for higher polymer grafting densities and hence a more uniform polymer coverage of the NP surface. Here, we perform calculations and instead show that the “grafting to” strategy surprisingly leads to a more uniform polymer coverage of the NP surface at a given grafting density since the brush is formed while respecting the excluded volume constraints of the previously grafted chains. This conclusion is especially clear in the limit of low-t...
Vincristine, Ifosfamide, and Doxorubicin for Initial Treatment of Ewing Sarcoma in Adults

Background There are no clinical trials specifically addressing chemotherapy for adults with Ewing sarcoma (ES). Five-year event-free survival (EFS) of adults on pediatric studies of ES (44%-47%) is worse than that of children treated with the same therapy (69%). The object of this study was to review the results of therapy with vincristine, ifosfamide, and doxorubicin (VID) in the multidisciplinary treatment of adults with ES at our institution. Materials and methods Charts for adults treated for ES from 1995 to 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinician-reported radiographic tumor response, type of local therapy, pathologic response, and survival data were collected. Results Seventy-one patients were identified who received VID as initial therapy. The median age was 25 (range: 16-64). Forty-two patients (59%) presented with a localized disease and 29 patients (41%) presented with a distant metastasis. Of all patients treated with VID, 83.6% showed a radiological response. Patients who presented with a localized disease had a 5-year overall survival (OS) of 68% (median not reached), compared with 10.3% (median: 1.9 years) in those who presented with distant metastases. Five-year EFS was 67%. The nine patients with a pelvic primary tumor had inferior 5-year OS (42%) to the 33 with primary tumors at other sites (75%). The 5-year OS of those who had greater than or equal to 95% necrosis after neoadjuvant VID (n = 20; 5-year OS: 84%) was superior to those who had less than 95% necrosis (n = 13; 5-year OS: 53%). Conclusion In adults with primary ES, VID combined with an adjuvant strategy based on post-treatment percent necrosis has favorable outcomes compared with historical adult controls. Implications for practice Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare tumor in adults, and there are no dedicated clinical trials in the adult population. Most therapy is modeled after the published pediatric studies, although the small numbers of adult patients included on those studies did significantly worse than the children. We modeled our treatment on other adult sarcomas and reviewed the charts of 71 adult patients with ES treated with vincristine, ifosfamide, and doxorubicin (VID). In adults with primary ES, VID combined with an adjuvant strategy based on post-treatment percent necrosis has favorable outcomes compared with historical adult controls.
Coherent Exciton Delocalization in a Two-State DNA-Templated Dye Aggregate System.

Coherent exciton delocalization in dye aggregate systems gives rise to a variety of intriguing optical phenomena, including J- and H-aggregate behavior and Davydov splitting. Systems that exhibit coherent exciton delocalization at room temperature are of interest for the development of artificial light-harvesting devices, colorimetric detection schemes, and quantum computers. Here, we report on a simple dye system templated by DNA that exhibits tunable optical properties. At low salt and DNA concentrations, a DNA duplex with two internally functionalized Cy5 dyes (i.e., dimer) persists and displays predominantly J-aggregate behavior. Increasing the salt and/or DNA concentrations was found to promote coupling between two of the DNA duplexes via branch migration, thus forming a four-armed junction (i.e., tetramer) with H-aggregate behavior. This H-tetramer aggregate exhibits a surprisingly large Davydov splitting in its absorbance spectrum that produces a visible color change of the solution from cyan to vi...
Why It’s Inappropriate Not to Treat Incarcerated Patients with Opioid Agonist Therapy

Although effective, opioid agonist therapy is associated with stigma and thus underutilized for treatment of opioid use disorder in incarcerated settings.
Amicus Brief on the Scope of the Bankruptcy Safe Harbor for Securities Settlement Payments

Bankruptcy Code § 546(e) contains a safe harbor that prevents avoidance of a securities settlement payment, e.g., as a preferential or constructively fraudulent transfer. This amicus brief was filed in Merit Mgmt. Grp. v. FTI Consulting, Inc., No. 16-784 (U.S.). The brief explains how § 546(e) rationally constrains its scope via the statutory specification that the safe harbor only applies (because it need only apply) if the “transfer” sought to be avoided was allegedly “made by or to (or for the benefit of)” a protected securities market intermediary, such as a stockbroker or a financial institution. Ascertaining the meaning and function of that determinative scope language requires an understanding of (1) the concept of a “transfer” as the fundamental analytical transaction unit throughout the Code’s avoidance provisions, and (2) the relationship between that avoidable “transfer” concept and the inextricably interrelated concepts of who that “transfer” is “made by or to (or for the benefit of).” By its express terms, § 546(e) only shields a challenged “transfer” from avoidance if (1) that transfer was “made by” a debtor-transferor who was a qualifying intermediary, “or” (2) a party with potential liability — because the challenged transfer allegedly was made “to or for the benefit of” that party — was a protected intermediary.
Multi-objective optimization for subarray structure of the phase array radar

The phase array radar has been widely used in military due to the dramatic advance in computer technique and signal processing technology. In the meantime, the electromagnetic environment becomes more and more complicated. The phase array radar should have the ability to survive in the complicated electromagnetic environment. Therefore, the phase array radar should have good antenna pattern. The antenna pattern needs to maintain good performance at the pitch and azimuth for the sum beam and differential beam. In this paper, we propose the coefficient weights method to obtain the multi-objective optimization for the pitch and azimuth for the sum beam and differential beam. In addition, the adaptive interference suppression is another important part of the phase array radar. The proposed method in the paper also take this into consideration. Moreover, the paper gives sufficient validation results to show that the proposed method has good performance.
Management of (Malignant) Intracranial Gliomas

Ever since removal of an intracranial astrocytoma diagnosed by neurologic localization in 1884, the management of malignant gliomas of the brain has represented a major challenge for neurosurgery. Malignant gliomas are the most common primary form of brain tumor. These difficult lesions account for a major problem and public health and in North America virtually everyone is acquainted with an individual or family member who has suffered from a primary brain tumor. New prevalence data indicate that the number of patients living with some form of brain tumor may be as high as 30 per 100,000 in the United States [5]. Among the malignant gliomas, approximately 30% are low grade, with the remainder being anaplastic lesions, the most common of which is the glioblastoma multiforme [6, 11].
Myasthenia Gravis Presenting as Graft versus Host Disease after Allogeneic Blood Stem Cell Transplant

Myasthenia gravis is a very rare manifestation of graft versus host disease after stem cell transplants. Herein, we describe a case of new-onset myasthenia gravis after a stem cell transplant 34 months ago in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome.
Frequency of Operative Anesthesia Care After Traumatic Injury.

BACKGROUND:Virtually all anesthesiologists care for patients who sustain traumatic injuries; however, the frequency with which operative anesthesia care is provided to this specific patient population is unclear. We sought to better understand the degree to which anesthesia providers participate in
Optimization of Hierarchical Regression Model with Application to Optimizing Multi-Response Regression K-ary Trees

THIS PAPER HAS BEEN RETRACTED The University of California, Merced campus, recently completed a formal investigation into allegations that content in this paper ("Optimization of Hierarchical Regression Model with Application to Optimizing Multi-Response Regression K-ary Trees," in Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2019, vol. 33, pp. 5133– 5142) was not properly attributed to the novel work of Professor Carreira—Perpinan, reflected in a previously published paper, "Alternating Optimization of Decision Trees, with Application to Learning Sparse Oblique Trees,” published in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 2018, (vol. 31, pp. 1211–1221). The UC Merced investigation was conducted in consultation with NSF, which funded the research reflected in the original Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems paper, and in accordance with UC Merced policies and procedures on research misconduct. The allegations were substantiated by a preponderance of the evidence. The investigation committee found, in pertinent part, that “key novel ideas in the AAAI paper were taken from the NeurIPS paper without appropriate credit." The initial submission of the AAAI paper, upon which the acceptance decision was made, did not include a reference to the NeurIPS paper, and thus represented a clear case of plagiarism. A citation to the NeurIPS paper was added in the final revision, after the reviewers had already decided to accept it, making it impossible for the AAAI peer-review process to consider the contributions of the AAAI article in light of the earlier work reported in the NeurIPS paper. Furthermore, the citation to the NeurIPS paper in this manuscript does not properly credit the original contributions of the NeurIPS paper and how those ideas were reflected in the work reported in this paper. In response to a formal request made by the University of California's Chancellor's office, and after careful review by the AAAI Publications Committee, AAAI has decided to retract this paper. One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication in AAAI conference proceedings is that authors declare explicitly that their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. Reuse of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this paper represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of this proceedings that this was not detected during the submission process.
An airway organoid is forever.

In the last decade, the generation and maintenance of organotypic structures has been propelled to the center stage of biomedical research. In the lung, a variety of protocols has been devised to generate organoids mimicking lung structures, but most methods with human cells have complicated lengthy protocols or a progressive decline in differentiation potential and physiological function with increasing passaging. A new study from Sachs et al (2019) seeks to solve these issues, providing a versatile methodology to efficiently isolate, indefinitely culture, and manipulate human airway organoids, potentially allowing the in vitro modeling of a plethora of lung diseases.
Mapping the evolution of an after-school STEM club for African American girls using activity theory

Research has shown that African American girls are interested in science but not as likely to pursue science-related careers as their white or male peers. Although out of school time (OST) science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) programs have been presented as means to address this discrepancy and support scientific identity development in girls and students of color, programs specifically for African American girls have not been studied in detail. Additionally, the challenges associated with creating and sustaining OST STEM programs have not been examined. This study explores the evolution of one OST STEM program for African American, middle school girls over the course of three semesters. Using a combined framework of activity theory, communities of practice, and critical race theory, the contradictions within each stage of the program were identified and viewed as opportunities for expansion of the activity system. Results indicated that a consideration of dominant ideologies, or tertiary tools in the activity system, as well as the cultural and historical context of the activity system were necessary to understand and resolve tensions in the system. Implications of this work for researchers and others interested in OST STEM Programs include the need to focus on the interaction of components within activity systems and to identify contradictions within systems in order to support the establishment of a community of practice in the OST STEM Program.
A Simplified Approach to Reducing Cardiovascular Risk

CONTEXT Cardiovascular disease remains the number one cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, despite major advances in our understanding of its pathogenesis and prevention. One reason for this continued epidemic is the poor adherence to treatment guidelines by caregivers and the lack of understanding by patients relative to its reversibility with treatment. Current guidelines are complex and often contradictory; there are at least 21 organizations publishing guidelines. OBJECTIVE This article proposes a simplified approach that is based on the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) hypothesis stating that the lower the LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), the less the cardiovascular disease. This goal focuses on obtaining a plasma LDL-C <50 mg/dL. DESIGN A positive coronary artery calcium scan in conjunction with an intermediate online cardiovascular risk score will identify individuals with substantial cardiovascular disease risk. With lifestyle improvements (including a low cholesterol diet) and low-dose hypolipemic generic oral medications, this LDL-C concentration is readily achievable in the majority of asymptomatic patients at risk for atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION Controlling the cardiovascular epidemic will require participation of both the patient and the physician caregiver. By simplifying the therapeutic regimen, patient compliance will increase, and an important reduction in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality will follow.
α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor: A Potential Target in Treating Cognitive Decline in Schizophrenia

Purpose The aim of this article is to review the recent trials of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) agonists and positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) on the treatment of cognitive decline in schizophrenia. α7 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor abnormalities in schizophrenia and clinical implications of α7 nAChR agonists and PAMs are also discussed. Procedures Studies were searched on PubMed with keywords "nicotinic," "alpha7," and "schizophrenia" over a 2-year period: January 1, 2016, to December 1, 2017. Cognition was not included in key terms in order to broaden the results. Inclusion criteria included (1) article categorization as a clinical study, review, or journal article; (2) schizophrenia diagnosis based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria; (3) article in English; (4) objective measure of cognition from effects of α7 nAChR agonists/PAMs; and (5) article currently published. Findings A total of 76 studies were found over the past 2 years. Fifteen of these studies were included in this review. Human studies were limited. Cognitive-related improvements in rodent models were found across the 6 cognitive constructs: perception, executive functioning, social and affective processes, working memory, and long-term memory. Implications These results support the potential of nAChR agonists and PAMs to improve cognitive decline in patients with schizophrenia as an adjunct treatment to antipsychotics. However, these results were found primarily in rodent models of schizophrenia, and further primate/human studies are necessary to support this conclusion in humans.
Enhanced beta-1 adrenergic receptor responsiveness in coronary arterioles following intravenous stromal vascular fraction therapy in aged rats

Our past study showed that a single tail vein injection of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) into old rats was associated with improved dobutamine-mediated coronary flow reserve. We hypothesize that i.v. injection of SVF improves coronary microvascular function in aged rats via alterations in beta adrenergic microvascular signaling. Female Fischer-344 rats aged young (3 months, n=32) and old (24 months, n=30) were utilized, along with two cell therapies intravenously injected in old rats four weeks prior to sacrifice: 1x107 green fluorescent protein (GFP+) SVF cells (O+SVF, n=21), and 5x106 GFP+ bone-marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (O+BM, n=6), both harvested from young donors. Cardiac ultrasound and pressure-volume measurements were obtained, and coronary arterioles were isolated from each group for microvessel reactivity studies and immunofluorescence staining. Coronary flow reserve decreased with advancing age, but this effect was rescued by the SVF treatment in the O+SVF group. Echocardiography showed an age-related diastolic dysfunction that was improved with SVF to a greater extent than with BM treatment. Coronary arterioles isolated from SVF-treated rats showed amelioration of the age-related decrease in vasodilation to a non-selective β-AR agonist. I.v. injected SVF cells improved β-adrenergic receptor-dependent coronary flow and microvascular function in a model of advanced age.
Wearable Technology-A Pilot Study to Define "Normal" Postoperative Recovery Trajectories.

Abstract Background Emerging wearable technology has the potential to quantify both preoperative and postoperative patient activity. The purpose of this study was to characterize postoperative recovery trajectories for 1 mo after common surgical procedures. Materials and methods Patients included were scheduled for common elective operations. A wearable activity device was worn for at least 3 d preoperatively and 28 d postoperatively. Postoperative steps per day were compared with preoperative baseline steps, with recovery trajectories reported as a percentage of patients’ baseline values. Recovery trajectories were compared between groups based on admission type and operation type. Results Two hundred ten patients were enrolled, and 143 patients (68%) completed follow-up. Patients took a median 5342 steps per day preoperatively and had significantly decreased steps on the first postoperative day, including those undergoing inguinal hernia repair (22% of baseline steps, P Conclusions Wearable activity monitors provide useful technology for quantification of postoperative activity recovery trajectories of steps per day in comparison to preoperative activity levels, with internal validity differentiating recovery trajectories grouping by broad categorization of operation type and by admission type. Activity recovery is a patient-centered outcome that can be used for counseling as well as for intervening to improve activity levels after surgery.