cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Phylogeography and species biogeography of montane Great Basin stoneflies

Sky islands are ideal systems for determining the effects of climatic oscillations on species distributions and genetic structure. Our study focused on montane stonefly populations in the Great Basin of western North America. We used niche-based distribution modelling, phylogeography and traditional species-based biogeography to test several hypotheses as follows: (i) genetic differentiation among Doroneuria baumanni populations will be independent of hydrologic connectivity (headwater model); (ii) Sky islands were colonized when habitat was more continuous and populations likely experienced multiple expansions and contractions; (iii) Colonization events were coincident with the late Pleistocene and Holocene; and (iv) Shared topography and climate history will result in concordant patterns of genetic differentiation in D. baumanni and occurrences of 32 stonefly species across the region. Overall, ΦST’s and coalescent-based estimates of migration were consistent with the headwater model. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian gene trees identified three major nonoverlapping east-west clades. Distribution modelling indicated more suitable habitat in the Great Basin during the Last Glacial Maximum than at present, but none during the last interglacial period. Demographic analyses showed evidence of population expansion in one of the three major east–west clades. Intra-clade divergence times (60 000–183 000 ybp) were well within the late Pleistocene while among-clade divergence times (499 000–719 000 ybp) were deeper. Genetic differentiation in D. baumanni and distributions of stonefly species were significantly concordant. These results imply that climatic oscillations have played major roles in shaping the genetic structure and distributions of Great Basin stoneflies, but that divergence among clades occurred much earlier than our late Pleistocence/early Holocene predictions.
Comparison of Trapping States at SiO2/Si Interfaces on si(100), (110), and (111) Prepared by Plasma-Assisted Oxidation and Oxide Deposition, and by Exposure to Atomic H Prior to Oxidation and Deposition

SiO2 layers, ~ 15 nm thick, were formed on Si(100), (110), and (111) surfaces by a low-temperature, 200–300°C, plasma-assisted oxidation/deposition process sequence. The distribution of the trap density at the SiO2/Si interface, and in the Si band-gap, Dit, was deduced from capacitance-voltage, C-V, measurements. The values of Dit at midgap varied with crystal orientation in a similar way as in thermally grown oxides. In addition, the low-temperature oxides displayed a characteristic and intrinsic dangling bond state, the so-called Pb center, at ~0.3 eV above the Si valenceband edge. Samples exposed to atomic H prior to the oxidation and deposition steps, showed an increase in Dit due to a roughening of the Si surfaces, which produced additional broad bands of defect states, at ~0.5 and ~0.7 eV above the Si valenceband edge.
Challenges of Teaching athematics Today: LOW Can School Leaders Help?

Students in middle level and high schools require an education in mathematics that goes beyond what was needed by students in the past. This is a significant challenge to today's mathematics teachers, who need the commitment and support of educational leaders as they adopt new curriculum materials and methods of teaching.
An Approach to Deriving Reactive Agent Designs from Extensions to the Descartes Specification Language

The agent-oriented approach has emerged as a new and powerful paradigm in modern software engineering. This paper analyzes the reactive agent model, exhibiting innovative characteristics of autonomy, goal-direction, reactive capability, concurrency, and interactivity. Contrary to object depictions of attribute and method signatures, reactive agents are described in terms of their behavior. Due to the complex nature inherent to reactive agent behavior, the need for formal specification and design integrity becomes essential. Descartes is an executable specification language, which has historically been applied to provide such design assurance. This paper describes a formal approach to deriving a reactive agent software design represented in the Agent Unified Modeling Language (AUML). The objective is accomplished through extension of the Descartes specification language and application of a transformation into design representation. The addition serves as a method of providing a guarantee of design reliability by way of gap reduction between requirements analysis and design
Regge model for nucleon-nucleon spin-dependent amplitudes

There are currently no models readily available that provide nucleon-nucleon spin dependent scattering amplitudes at high energies (s 6 GeV 2 ). This work aims to provide a model for calculating these high energy scattering amplitudes. The foundation of the model is Regge theory since it allows for a relativistic description and full spin dependence. We present our parameterization of the amplitudes, and show comparisons of our solutions to the data set we have collected. Overall the model works as intended, and provides an adequate description of the scattering amplitudes.
Direct Numerical Simulation of a Model of Turbulent Bubbly Flow

A direct numerical simulation with precise interface tracking is carried out for an idealized dilute bubbly flow. The flow configuration consists of a periodic array of liquidfilled cubes with a single gas bubble placed at the center. The flow is forced at low •wave numbers and turbulence spectra and characteristics are measured. A moving mesh technique is used to preserve a sharp separation between the phases. Exact boundary conditions are applied at the phase interface. A high-order compact finite difference approach coupled with a low storage Runge-Kutta time advancement technique are adopted. A discussion is made of how the data obtained may be used in building turbulence models for bubbly flow.
Visualization of plasma membrane compartmentalization with patterned lipid bilayers.

Micrometer-size patterned lipid bilayers containing liganded lipids are used to control the location and size of receptor clusters and enable direct visualization of structural reorganization of cellular components. Subsequent to concentration of Fce receptor I, the mast cell receptor for IgE, and colocalized tyrosine phosphorylation activity, Lyn kinase and other proteins anchored to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane redistribute selectively with the receptor clusters in a process that depends on actin polymerization. Surprisingly, outer leaflet components characteristically associated with lipid rafts do not detectably coredistribute with these inner leaflet components. Cell activation using patterned surfaces provides unique insights into cell membrane structural organization, revealing dynamic, large-scale uncoupling of inner and outer leaflet components of lipid rafts.
Textural and Physicochemical Properties of Low‐Fat, Precooked Ground Beef Patties Containing Carrageenan and Sodium Alginate

Textural and physicochemical characteristics of selected hydrocolloids incorporated into low-fat, precooked, beef patties were investigated. Patties with an alginate/carrageenan combination had higher yields and percent moisture but lower shear force values than those of alginate or carrageenan treatments within the same fat level. Alginate appeared to improve texture slightly more than carrageenan, but carrageenan tended to release more free water after cooking and reheating. Patties with 10% fat were generally lower in shear value, cooking yield and percentage free water released as compared to their 5% fat counterparts with the same added ingredient. Low-fat, precooked, ground beef patties containing alginate/carrageenan combinations were comparable to regular beef patties (20% fat control) regarding yields and textural properties.
Hyperammonemic syndrome after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Objective Hyperammonemic encephalopathy is an uncommon but severe complication of the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for obesity. Mechanisms underlying this complication are incompletely understood, resulting in delayed recognition and management. This study evaluated common laboratory findings and possible etiology of hyperammonemic encephalopathy after successful Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. Methods A retrospective review of 20 patients identified through our own clinical practice was conducted, with the addition of similar cases from other institutions identified through the review of literature. Results Patients presenting with hyperammonemic encephalopathy after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery presented with overlapping clinical and laboratory findings. Common features included: (1) weight loss following successful Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for obesity; (2) hyperammonemic encephalopathy accompanied by elevated plasma glutamine levels; (3) absence of cirrhosis; (4) hypoalbuminemia; and (5) low plasma zinc levels. The mortality rate was 50%. Ninety-five percent of patients were women. Three patients were diagnosed with proximal urea cycle disorders. One patient experienced improvement in the hyperammonemia after surgical correction of spontaneous splenorenal shunt. Conclusions Hyperammonemic encephalopathy after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery is a newly recognized, potentially fatal syndrome with diverse pathophysiologic mechanisms encompassing genetic and nongenetic causes.
In situ regulation of chloroplast coupling factor activity

INTRODUCTION 269 COUPLING FACTOR STRUCTURE AND CATALYTIC MECHANISM ........ ....... 272 Composition and Structure of Chloroplast Coupling Factor . .. ... 272 Models for F, Catalytic Mechanism ...... 273 The Binding and Exchange of NUcleotides .... .. ... ..... . . .. 275 COUPLING FACTOR ACTIVATION 276 Reduction of CF Complex ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 276 Energetic Requirements of Activation 279 Activation of CF complex In Situ . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ..... . . 280 COUPLING FACTOR DEACTIVATION 282 Energetic Factors and Disulfide Reoxidation ...... . ... . . . . . . . . .. .. ... . . ...... 282 The Role of Nucleotide Rebinding.. . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 ATPase Inhibitor Proteins.. . . . . . . . . . . ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... 284 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 285
Nonlinear dynamic model identification methodology for real robotic surface vessels

This paper presents a methodology for identifying the nonlinear dynamic model of underactuated surface vessels for the purpose of model-based controller design. The methodology outlines the required tests that need to be performed and the formulations that need to be used for sequentially identifying the model parameters one by one. The identification methodology is performed on a robotic vessel by testing in outdoor environments and the accuracy of the dynamic model is verified. The physical control inputs to the vessel are a propeller rotational speed and a rudder angle. 3 degrees of freedom are assumed for the nonlinear dynamic model of the surface vessel. Finally, an approach is proposed that discusses how the identified full nonlinear dynamic model can be used for control design. Results of typical closed-loop control tests are presented.
A high-efficiency 3.3-kW bidirectional on-board charger

A bidirectional on-board charger (BODC) using a full-bridge bidirectional dc-ac inverter and a bidirectional CLLLC dc-dc converter has been designed and built for electric vehicle (EV) on-board charger applications. The dc-ac inverter can be operated in ac-dc with power factor correction (PFC) function. The CLLC dc-dc converter is modified from LLC converter with two separate resonant capacitors on both side of the transformer. A 3.3 kW bidirectional on-board charger prototype has been designed and built. Experimental results show al different operating modes including (1) battery charging mode, (2) vehicle to grid (V2G) mode, and (3) vehicle to house (V2H) mode.
Not Tripping Over the Pebbles: Focusing on Overlooked Trips Article 66 for Technology Transfer to Solve Africa's Aids Crisis

Current criticism of pharmaceuticals patent protection in the international treaty Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) is misdirected. This note takes a look at the particular situation of sub-Saharan Africa and the anti-retroviral medicines (ARVs) that combat HIV/AIDS. Critics of TRIPS focus on the need to lower prices and compulsory licensing provisions to allow imports of these medicines. This note argues that the focus is misguided if the goal is to achieve a long-term solution to the AIDS pandemic. TRIPS, Art. 66 calls for technology transfers to less developed countries (LDCs); it is a better provision as it allows for faster adoption of ARVs. I propose an index to determine which countries should receive these technology transfers, based on a country's need, relative to other countries and the county's rate of adoption of the medicines.
Rediscovering Japanese Urban Space in a World Context

Counter to the rise of the modern metropolis in Japan in “the era of high-speed growth” following World War II, a movement to embrace elements of traditional townscapes that had been lost as ration...
Providing off-campus library services by team: An assessment

In contrast to many large academic libraries, Kansas State University (K-State) does not have a distance librarian. As a result, the Library Services Project Team (Team) was formed to take a fresh look at current library services for distance learners. Although the Team has been in place for over two years, and has implemented many changes, there was no mechanism for receiving formal feedback from students and faculty about these services. Because it is important to know whether services are being used, two librarians on the Team developed a Web-based survey targeted at distance faculty and students. This paper discusses the assessment project including development of the survey, the university approval process, use of an electronic in-house survey system, administration of the survey, and compilation and analysis of results.
Inhibition of dihydrofolic reductase by aminopterin and amethopterin.

SummaryThe enzyme, dihydrofolic reductase, which catalyzes the TPNH-linked reduction of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid, is inhibited non-competitively by the folic acid antagonists, Aminopterin and Amethopterin. Values of 1 × 10-9 M and 2.3 × 10-9 M were obtained for the inhibitor constants (KI) of Aminopterin and Amethopterin, respectively.
Predictors of English Health Literacy among U.S. Hispanic Immigrants: The importance of language, bilingualism and sociolinguistic environment

In the United States, data confirm that Spanish-speaking immigrants are particularly affected by the negative health outcomes associated with low health literacy. Although the literature points to variables such as age, educational background and language, only a few studies have investigated the factors that may influence health literacy in this group. Similarly, the role that bilingualism and/or multilingualism play in health literacy assessment continues to be an issue in need of further research. The purpose of this study was to examine the predictors of English health literacy among adult Hispanic immigrants whose self-reported primary language is Spanish, but who live and function in a bilingual community. It also explored issues related to the language of the instrument. An analysis of data collected through a randomized controlled study was conducted. Results identified English proficiency as the strongest predictor of health literacy (p < 0.001). The results further point to the importance of primary and secondary language in the assessment of heath literacy level. This study raises many questions in need of further investigation to clarify how language proficiency and sociolinguistic environment affect health literacy in language minority adults; proposes language approaches that may be more appropriate for measuring health literacy in these populations; and recommends further place-based research to determine whether the connection between language proficiency and health is generalizable to border communities.
Comparison of effects of various phosphate compounds and aluminum silicate on isolated frog heart.

SummaryATP, ADP, sodium tripolyphosphate and aluminum silicate restored the amplitude of contraction in hearts made hypo-dynamic by reduced calcium, excess potassium, or acetylmethylcholine chloride. In general, ATP was the most effective compound. ATP alone was effective in hearts depressed by N2 plus IAA. ATP and ADP restored the excitability in hearts depressed by excess potassium. None of the 4 compounds had any effect on the freshly excised heart perfused with oxygenated Ringer.
Wide Variation in Radiation Exposure During Computerized Tomography.

Objective To determine the variance in computeed tomography (CT) radiation measured via dose-length product (DLP) and effective dose (ED) during stone protocol CT scans. Methods We retrospectively examined consecutive records of patients receiving stone protocol diagnostic CT scans (n = 1793) in 2010 and 2014 in our health system. Patient age, body mass index (BMI), and gender were recorded, along with the hospital, machine model, year, DLP, and ED of each scan. Multivariate regression was performed to identify predictive factors for increased DLP. We also collected data on head (n = 837) CT scans to serve as a comparison. Results For stone CT scans, mean patient age was 55.1 ± 18.4 years with no significant difference in age ( P = .2557 ) or BMI ( P = .1794 ) between 2010 and 2014. Gender, BMI, and machine model were independent predictors of radiation dosage ( P .0001 ). Within each BMI class, there was an inexplicable 6-fold variation in the ED for the same imaging test when comparing the lowest and highest CT dose patients. There was no significant change in DLP over time for stone CT scans, but head scan patients in 2014 received lower radiation doses than those in 2010 ( P ). Low-dose scans for renal colic (defined as Conclusion Our data demonstrate large variations in diagnostic CT radiation dosage. Such differences within a single institution suggest similar trends elsewhere, warranting more stringent dosage guidelines and regulations for diagnostic CT scans within institutions.
Eruptions in the Diaper Area

Emphasis is on the differential diagnosis of eruptions in the diaper area based primarily upon the morphology and location of the rash. Specific treatment based upon etiologic diagnosis is discussed.
Romans 3:21–31 and the Inclusion of the Gentiles

Romans 3:21–31 is a perplexing passage made up of important words and phrases. Some of the most crucial elements of Christian theology hinge on it. Entire movements within Christian history have stood or fallen with its interpretation. With few exceptions scholars have given more than ample consideration to every detail, although a consensus of opinion lies in the future. This paper is designed (1) to summarize the issue over the unity of the passage, (2) to list the general conclusions scholars have reached on the most important words, and (3) to offer suggestions toward an understanding of the text in light of Paul's teaching about the inclusion of the Gentiles.
The Al Qaeda brand: The strategic use of the “terrorist” label

ABSTRACTAl Qaeda leaders have consistently praised the Chechen insurgents as an exemplary front of global jihad. Ayman al-Zawahiri recently applauded the steadfastness of the Chechen rebels and indicated that their resolve for jihad is worthy of emulation. Ever since the world found out about a war going on in the Muslim republic in the North Caucasus, Al Qaeda leadership has attempted to represent the Chechen struggle as one of its own battlefields. In turn, the Russian government has tried to justify its policies in the North Caucasus through demonstrating to the world that the Kremlin is fighting nothing less than Osama bin Laden’s agents in Chechnya. The North Caucasus insurgents in turn have embraced some of Al Qaeda’s narratives. While such narratives have proliferated, the factual evidence to show the direct links between the North Caucasus insurgents and Al Qaeda is still lacking. The article examines how terrorist groups such as Al Qaeda use framing for strategic ends. The evidence discussed here...
A hybrid dead-end/cross-flow forward osmosis system for evaluating osmotic flux performance at high recovery of produced water

Abstract Forward osmosis (FO) has recently been considered as a means of treating or concentrating produced water because of its low fouling propensity at high recoveries. However, while numerous studies have been published on produced water treatment with FO, many benchtop studies use “coupon” type membrane systems that can only operate at limited recovery because of large holdup volumes and small membrane areas. Newly available commercial elements could be used, but working with such dirty waters would be costly as elements would need regular replacement. In this work, we propose a new method for testing the efficacy of forward osmosis that enables high water recovery using coupon based testing systems. Our hybrid dead-end/cross-flow filtration cell operates in a dead-end mode on the feed side and a cross-flow mode on the draw side, maximizing the recovery of the feed while minimizing dilution of the draw. We demonstrate the value of this type of testing apparatus using an unprocessed produced water provided by Chevron Corporation. This water, which contains small quantities of oil and approximately 7500 ppm total dissolved solids (TDS), could be concentrated by up to 20 fold using this approach.
Implementation of a Comprehensive Post-Discharge Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Program for Abdominal and Pelvic Surgery Patients.

Background Prophylactic anticoagulation is routinely used in the inpatient setting; however, the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains elevated after discharge. Extensive evidence and clinical guidelines suggest post-discharge VTE prophylaxis is critical in at-risk populations, but it remains severely underused in practice. Study Design We performed a single-institution retrospective, nonrandomized, pre- and post-intervention analysis of a systematic post-discharge pharmacologic prophylaxis program against the primary end point, which is post-discharge symptomatic VTE. An institutional American College of Surgeons NSQIP dataset was used to identify patients and outcomes. Patients undergoing major abdominal surgery for malignancy or inflammatory bowel disease were eligible for the post-discharge VTE prevention program. Results Among 1,043 patients who underwent abdominal surgery for malignancy or inflammatory bowel disease, 800 (77%) were in the pre-intervention cohort and 243 (23%) patients were in the post-intervention cohort. Rates of inpatient VTE did not significantly differ between cohorts (0.7%, n = 6 pre-intervention vs 1.7%, n = 4 post-intervention; p = 0.25). However, compared with the pre-intervention cohort, patients in the post-intervention cohort demonstrated a significantly lower post-discharge VTE rate (2.5%, n = 20 pre-intervention vs 0.0%, n = 0 post-intervention; p Conclusions A systematic post-discharge VTE prophylaxis program including provider education, local guideline adaptation, bedside medication delivery, and education for at-risk patients, was associated with significantly fewer post-discharge VTE events.
Spatiotemporal scatter models for dynamic SPECT

Dynamic single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) data acquisition and quantitative kinetic data analysis provide unique information that can enable improved discrimination between healthy and diseased tissue, compared to conventional static imaging. Previously, we modeled time courses of activity within segmented SPECT volumes of interest and developed algorithms to estimate kinetic model parameters directly from dynamic projection data. We now propose two methods for modeling and estimating scatter jointly with tracer kinetic models. The goal is to reduce bias in kinetic parameter estimates by properly accounting for scatter. These methods exploit the fact that the scatter distribution from a volume of interest is spatially smooth and has the same temporal kinetics as unscattered events from the volume. The first method treats scattered events as if they originate from scatter sites distributed in image space. For each volume of interest, the distribution of scatter sites is modeled with a smooth spatial function and events from this effective scatter source distribution (ESSD) are forward-projected along with unscattered events from the volume. Thus, the projector only needs to model non-scatter effects. The second method bypasses modeling an ESSD in image space and simply models the spatial projection of scatter to be a smooth function in projection space. Computer simulations of a dynamic 99mTc-teboroxime cardiac SPECT scan show that unscattered and scattered events from the blood pool, myocardium, and liver have distinct spatiotemporal signatures and that it is feasible to jointly estimate scatter amplitudes and time-activity curves for volumes of interest directly from projection data. This suggests that joint estimation of scatter, blood input function, and compartmental model parameters is a well-posed problem and can lead to reduced bias in kinetic parameter estimates
Pitfalls of probiotics.

Interleukin-17 (IL-17)–producing T helper 17 (TH17) cells are important to prevent bacterial and fungal infection. Conversely, animal models and clinical trials of IL-17–blocking antibodies in humans have established a pathogenic role for TH17 cells in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In mice, intestinal TH17 cell abundance can be modulated using segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB), suggesting a treatment strategy for both infection and autoimmune disease. However, SFB do not persistently colonize the human intestine, and bacteria from humans with comparable properties are unknown. Now, Tan et al. have pushed the field beyond this knowledge gap. The group found that three of 39 human gut bacterial species flushed into the stomach of mice were able to robustly induce TH17 cells in the small intestine. Mice given the most potent bacterium, B. adolescentis , had no histological evidence of inflammation or tissue destruction, and the expanded TH17 cells did not have a highly pathogenic gene expression signature. In contrast, in a transgenic mouse model of RA, B. adolescentis exacerbated joint thickening in association with more small intestinal TH17 cells and elevated titers of autoantibodies. Humans with IBD were found to have elevated gut levels of B. adolescentis , adding to the uncertainty as to whether these bacteria are harmful or helpful. One lead as to how B. adolescentis can be both symbiotic in health and counterproductive in disease comes from the finding that it also modestly expanded a subset of regulatory T (Treg) cells in mice, which may limit local gut inflammation. Four of six probiotic formulations containing Bifidobacterium species (but not B. adolescentis ) induced TH17 cells in mice, but the ability of these formulations to exacerbate autoimmune disease was not tested. Probiotic supplements are marketed and sold directly to consumers and are generally considered safe. Is it possible that patients with inflammatory diseases are ingesting harmful bacteria? The answer depends on testing the capacity of other bacteria in available probiotics to induce TH17 and Treg cells, determining whether these bacteria drive expansion of TH17 cells and progression of inflammatory disease in humans and understanding how these species interact with the rest of the gut microbiota. T. G. Tan et al. , Identifying species of symbiont bacteria from the human gut that, alone, can induce intestinal Th17 cells in mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 10.1073/pnas.1617460113 (2016). [[Abstract]][1] [1]: http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2016/11/22/1617460113.abstract
DelayRadar: A multivariate predictive model for transit systems

Effective public transit operations are one of the fundamental requirements for a modern community. Recently, a number of transit agencies have started integrating automated vehicle locators in their fleet, which provides a real-time estimate of the time of arrival. In this paper, we use the data collected over several months from one such transit system and show how this data can be potentially used to learn long term patterns of travel time. More specifically, we study the effect of weather and other factors such as traffic on the transit system delay. These models can later be used to understand the seasonal variations and to design adaptive and transient transit schedules. Towards this goal, we also propose an online architecture called DelayRadar. The novelty of DelayRadar lies in three aspects: (1) a data store that collects and integrates real-time and static data from multiple data sources, (2) a predictive statistical model that analyzes the data to make predictions on transit travel time, and (3) a decision making framework to develop an optimal transit schedule based on variable forecasts related to traffic, weather, and other impactful factors. This paper focuses on identifying the model with the best predictive accuracy to be used in DelayRadar. According to the preliminary study results, we are able to explain more than 70% of the variance in the bus travel time and we can make future travel predictions with an out-of-sample error of 4.8 minutes with information on the bus schedule, traffic, and weather.
Bilateral Trade Balances of Malaysia with Her 11 Largest Trading Partners: New Evidence from Asymmetry Cointegration

AbstractResearch on the effects of exchange rate changes on the trade balance is now moving in a new direction, by investigating whether exchange rate changes have symmetric or asymmetric effects. The approach that relies upon separating depreciations from appreciations introduces nonlinearity into the adjustment process and relies upon the nonlinear ARDL approach of Shin et al. [2014. Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDL framework, in: R. Sickels and W. Horrace (Eds), Festschrift in Honor of Peter Schmidt: Econometric Methods and Applications, 281–314 (Springer)]. When we applied this new method to the bilateral trade balances of Malaysia with each of her 11 largest partners, we found adjustment asymmetry in all models, short-run impact asymmetry effects and long-run asymmetry effects in the trade balance models between Malaysia and Asian countries.
Some error bounds for GaussJacobi quadrature rules

We estimate the error of GaussJacobi quadrature rule applied to a function f, which is supposed locally absolutely continuous in some Besov type spaces, or of bounded variation on [1,1]. In the first case the error bound concerns the weighted main part -modulus of smoothness of f introduced by Z. Ditzian and V. Totik, while in the second case we deal with a Stieltjes integral with respect to f. The stated estimates generalize several error bounds from literature and, in both the cases, they assure the same convergence rate of the error of best polynomial approximation in weighted L1 space.
Short communication: Behavioral evaluation of the analgesic effect of flunixin meglumine in lame dairy cows

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of flunixin meglumine treatment on lameness pain in dairy cows. Twenty-four lactating Holstein cows were enrolled in the study based on visual observation of abnormal locomotion. The primary measurement endpoint was weight-shifting between the rear limbs. Weight-shifting was calculated as the standard deviation of the weight borne on the rear limbs over a 15 min period; this value correlates directly with lameness pain in dairy cows. After collecting baseline weight-bearing data, we randomly assigned cows to 1 of 2 treatment groups: 2.2 mg/kg body weight flunixin meglumine (2 mL/45 kg) or an equivalent volume of isotonic sterile saline solution. Weight-bearing data were collected from each cow at 2, 6, 12, and 24 h after a single intravenous drug treatment. Mean locomotion scores over the 2 d before treatment were 2.38/5 in the flunixin-treated group and 2.43/5 in the saline-treated control group; these values were not significantly different. Weight-shifting values were also not significantly different on either pretreatment day. Cows treated with flunixin meglumine showed significantly less weight-shifting between the rear limbs at 6, 12, and 24 h after treatment compared with saline-treated controls, providing evidence that flunixin meglumine alleviates lameness-associated pain.
Using the Personalized System of Instruction to Differentiate Instruction in Fitness

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of how PE teachers can personalize learning to meet a variety of student needs. Differentiated instruction (DI) is a term frequently used in classroom-based learning to describe a method of personalization for individual students. The term can also describe a theoretical model for teaching and research, an instructional model, and a philosophy. Teachers must have a firm understanding of student readiness, interest, and learning profile to differentiate four areas of instruction: content, process, product, and the environment. Students in PE can benefit from DI, but there is a lack of formal methods to differentiate PE content. The Personalized System of Instruction (PSI) is an instructional model that provides a complete framework for PE teachers to personalize learning for all students. Fitness-related content such as resistance, plyometric, and agility training provides a context for applying the PSI model to DI in the secondary school setting. Subscribe to TPE
Real-time monitoring for structural health, public safety, and risk management of mine tailings dams

Public awareness of tailings dam failures is increasing in the wake of incidents in Canada and abroad. The present work establishes the current state of practice in mine tailings dam monitoring and provides a summary of the current technical and operational gaps identified through industry and stakeholder engagement. These gaps may be addressed with currently available technologies supplied by commercial instrumentation manufacturers; however, the assumed costs and lack of regulatory demand may serve as barriers to adoption. An integrated approach and diverse suite of technologies is needed to address issues of dam stability, worker and public safety, and environmental protection. Technological applications and limitations are described and design requirements are proposed for an integrated, real-time monitoring system. Socio-economic impacts and loss reduction benefits are considered and the need for industry and regulator participation is emphasized.
Field assessment of concrete structures rehabilitated with FRP

Abstract Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) has become one of the most popular methods in the repair and rehabilitation of concrete infrastructure due to its ease of application and the special physical characteristics. Both destructive and nondestructive assessments have been used to test the durability of FRP in order to investigate the condition of the structure. This chapter presents several test methods to evaluate FRP, along with a section to provide a relative assessment of each available test. The chapter closes by providing a section of the future of technology and application regarding FRP along with advice.
Weight-based enoxaparin dosing and deep vein thrombosis in hospitalized trauma patients: A double-blind, randomized, pilot study.

Abstract Background Venous thromboembolism is a cause of morbidity and mortality in trauma patients. Chemoprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin at a standardized dose is recommended. Conventional chemoprophylaxis may be inadequate. We hypothesized that a weight-adjusted enoxaparin prophylaxis regimen would reduce the frequency of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized trauma patients and at 90-day follow-up. Methods This prospective, randomized pilot study enrolled adult patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center between July 2013 and January 2015. Subjects were randomized to receive either standard (30 mg subcutaneously every 12 hours) or weight-based (0.5mg/kg subcutaneously every 12 hours) enoxaparin. Surveillance duplex ultrasound for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis was performed on hospital days 1, 3, and 7, and weekly thereafter. The primary outcome was deep vein thrombosis during hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included venous thromboembolism at 90 days and significant bleeding events. Results Two hundred thirty-four (124 standard, 110 weight-based) subjects were enrolled. There was no difference between standard and weight-based regarding age, body mass index, percentage female gender, injury severity score, or percentage that had surgery. There was a trend toward less in-hospital deep vein thrombosis in weight-based (12 [9.7%] standard vs 4 [3.6%] weight-based, P = .075). At 90 days, there was no difference in venous thromboembolism (12 [9.7%] standard vs 6 [5.5%] weight-based, P =.34). There was 1 bleeding event, which occurred in a standard subject. Conclusion Weight-based enoxaparin dosing for venous thromboembolism chemoprophylaxis in trauma patients may provide better protection against venous thromboembolism than standard. A definitive study is necessary to determine whether weight-based dosing is superior to standard.
Teaching social perception skills to adolescents with autism and intellectual disabilities using video-based group instruction

Few interventions focus on teaching social skills to adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disabilities (ID) that are consistently used during interactions with peers ( Carter et al., 2014). The present study evaluated the effects of video-based group instruction (VGI) on the acquisition of social perception skills of five adolescents with ASD or ID in a public school setting. Social perception involves observing affective behaviors of others, discriminating relevant environmental stimuli, and differentially reinforcing the affective behavior of another person. Typically developing peers supported VGI implementation as social partners for participants. A multiple probe design across behaviors demonstrated the effectiveness of VGI for teaching social perception skills. Four of five participants acquired and maintained the targeted social perception skills, and we observed some transfer to a nontreatment setting. Results of this study suggest VGI may support the acquisition of social perception among adolescents with ASD or ID.
Development of a Click-Chemistry Reagent Compatible with Mass Cytometry.

The recent development of mass cytometry has allowed simultaneous detection of 40 or more unique parameters from individual single cells. While similar to flow cytometry, which is based on detection of fluorophores, one key distinguishing feature of mass cytometry is the detection of atomic masses of lanthanides by mass spectrometry in a mass cytometer. Its superior mass resolution results in lack of signal overlap, thereby allowing multiparametric detection of molecular features in each single cell greater than that of flow cytometry, which is limited to 20 parameters. Unfortunately, most detection in mass cytometry relies on lanthanide-tagged antibodies, which is ideal to detect proteins, but not other types of molecular features. To further expand the repertoire of molecular features that are detectable by mass cytometry, we developed a lanthanide-chelated, azide-containing probe that allows click-chemistry mediated labeling of target molecules. Following incorporation of the thymidine analog 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) during DNA synthesis in S-phase of the cell cycle, we demonstrate that the probe introduced here, tagged with Terbium-159 (159Tb), reacts via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition (click-chemistry) with Edu. Thus, detection of 159Tb makes it possible to measure DNA synthesis in single cells using mass cytometry. The approach introduced here shows similar sensitivity (true positive rate) to other methods used to measure DNA synthesis in single cells by mass cytometry and is compatible with the parallel antibody-based detection of other parameters in single cells. Due to its universal nature, the use of click-chemistry in mass cytometry expands the types of molecular targets that can be monitored by mass cytometry.
Application of Signal Processing and Pattern Recognition to Underwater Acoustics

This paper consists of four inter-related topics on the application of signal processing and pattern recognition to underwater acoustics. Part I is on pattern recognition processing for target motion analysis. The three-dimensional target motion analysis (TMA) in a multipath environment with bearing and multipath delay information has been examined and the extended Kalman filter was used to estimate the target parameters for localization and tracking of a moving underwater target. In this paper, pattern recognition is considered in the context of TMA. Two approaches are examined. The first approach uses the classification method and the pattern matching idea to identify the target location, without employing the conventional optimal filtering. The second approach uses the extended Kalman filtering but with initial parameters determined by the classification method. The simulation results clearly demonstrate a major improvement in the TMA capability via pattern-recognition processing.
Active Object Detection Through Dynamic Incorporation of Dempster-Shafer Fusion for Robotic Applications

Employing multiple sensing capabilities in a robotic platform offers significant advantages in increasing the recognition abilities of robots. Specifically, for vision-based object detection in a real-world environment, acquiring information from different viewpoints might be decisive for correct classifications in the presence of occlusions or to disambiguate between similar objects. For this reason, an active vision object detection system is proposed in this paper. It is implemented on a robotic environment that uses a 3D camera mounted on the robot head and an RGB camera on its hand. The system tries to detect and recognize objects being seen from the head camera, while computing a confidence score on the classification. In the case of an unreliable classification, another stage of object recognition is dynamically requested, but this time from the viewpoint of the hand camera. The objects detected from the two cameras are matched and their classification decisions are fused through a novel fusion approach based on the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory. Experimental results show sizable improvements in object recognition performance compared to a traditional singlecamera configuration, as well as applicability to handling partial occlusions.
A Casebook of Transformational and Transactional Leadership

Featuring more than twenty-five case studies of leaders throughout history, A Casebook of Transformational and Transactional Leadership supplements existing texts on transformational leadership and the full range model to promote higher levels of understanding of transformational and transactional leadership behaviors. Beginning with an overview of transformational and transactional behavior components, Arenas describes the original tenets of leadership researchers, demonstrating how practicing the principles of full range leadership can aid those who guide or manage others. The subsequent chapters examine influential figures from various organizational environments to provide readers with examples that connect with core full range leadership concepts. Finally, each chapter ends with a discussion question, helping to engage students with the material and encouraging further reflection and study. A Casebook of Transformational and Transactional Leadership is essential reading for both graduate and undergraduate students of leadership development, as well as military and non-military professionals in leadership, leadership development, business and management, and education.
Cómo “cucharear” dinero del mar:

The population of East Asia has consumed jellyfish for more than a thousand years. For a long time, China has been the main supplier and consumer. Economic and environmental forces are pushing this market out of China and into societies that have no tradition of capture or consumption of jellyfish. The research, conducted around the communities of Bilwi and Tuapi in the autonomous region of northern Nicaragua, reports the emergence of a jellyfish production industry along the Miskito coast in Nicaragua, which appears to have a significant impact on the local society and economy. This is generating employment opportunities for Miskito men, different from scuba diving, to catch lobsters, a dangerous and often deadly occupation.
Indoor Mapping Using the VLC Channel State Information

Visible light communications (VLC) is an emerging communication paradigm that can provide illumination, data communications, and localization services. In this study, a novel approach that uses VLC infrastructure and a photodetector is proposed to build a sparse map of an indoor area. VLC channel state information, which consists of the optical received signal strength and channel impulse response, is measured for wall/obstacle location estimation. The proposed algorithm uses the time-of-flight of the light to estimate the distance to the walls. The estimated wall locations are used as landmarks to build a sparse map of the indoor area. This technique can be used to estimate the distance to walls and objects in robotics applications. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can be used to locate the agent and unknown LED locations using a simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm. Root mean square error of our wall localization algorithm is less than 10 cm when the VLC channel signal-to-noise ratio is 80 dB.
Outcomes following lobectomy and pneumonectomy in stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

e20042Background: INT 0139 study showed that patients who received surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiation did not have an overall survival (OS) benefit as compared to chemoradiation alone. Moreov...
Navigating Student Self-Disclosure Through a Relational Lens: Examples of Increased Self-Awareness from a Social Work Classroom

Self-disclosure is a nuanced practice issue that often generates complex questions for even the most seasoned clinicians. While the social work literature has grappled with this intricate topic as it pertains to clinicians, field supervisors and social work instructors, there is little discussion about student self-disclosure within the classroom. Despite the focus on self-awareness within social work education, there is a gap in the literature regarding how to best prepare students for appropriate engagement in self-disclosure. This paper offers a relational perspective for navigating student self-disclosure in the classroom and posits that carefully attending to students’ disclosures offers profound opportunities for grasping concepts pivotal to the process of social work practice: transference-countertransference responses, self-other boundaries, and relational vulnerability. Such a perspective also informs the manner in which instructors respond to and work with students’ disclosures. Case examples from a social work classroom are offered to illustrate the value of a relationally-informed approach to student self-disclosure.