cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Particle Image Velocimetry Study of Vibrating Ionic Polymer Metal Composites in Aqueous Environments

Low power consumption and activation voltage combined with high flexibility and minimal weight make ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) well-suited for miniaturized underwater propulsion systems. In the present study, we investigate the flow field generated by an IPMC strip vibrating in a quiescent aqueous environment using planar particle image velocimetry. We use the time-averaged flow field to compute the momentum transfer to the fluid and estimate the mean thrust generated by the vibrating actuator. We find that the mean thrust produced by the vibrating IPMC increases with the Reynolds number, defined by the maximum tip speed and IPMC width, and is only marginally affected by the relative vibration amplitude. The results of this study can guide the optimization of IPMC-based propulsion systems for miniature biomimetic robotic swimmers.
The dominant white spotting oncogene allele Kit(W-42J) exacerbates XY(DOM) sex reversal

The Y chromosome from certain populations of M. m. domesticus is incapable of normal testis determination in the B6 inbred strain resulting in XY hermaphrodites or XY females (XY(DOM) sex reversal). B6 consomic strains have been developed with either transient (B6-Y(AKR)) or severe (B6-Y(TIR)) XY(DOM) sex reversal. We report that a point mutation, the dominant white spotting oncogene allele, Kit(W-42J), exacerbates XY(DOM) sex reversal. In B6-Y(AKR), penetrance of the trait is low; however, in B6-Y(TIR), Kit(W-42J) exacerbated sex reversal to such an extent that almost all XY progeny developed into females. The exacerbation of sex reversal was not linked to retardation of early fetal growth or reduction of testis size. Furthermore, semiquantitative RT-PCR for the testis-determining gene, Sry, suggests that exacerbation of sex reversal in B6-Y(TIR) is not due to blockade of Sry expression, a substantial delay in initiation of Sry expression, or exceptionally low levels of Sry mRNAs. We propose that Kit(W-42J) enhances sex reversal by adversely affecting a critical step in testis differentiation that is downstream of Sry.
IMPACT OF ANTECEDENT GROUNDWATER HEADS AND TRANSIENT AQUIFER STORAGE ON FLOOD PEAK ATTENUATION IN AN UNCONFINED KARST AQUIFER: STUDY OF THE UPPER SUWANNEE RIVER, FLORIDA, USA.

Flood peak attenuation is an important aspect of understanding flooding and its effects. Few studies exist that look at the effects of ground-surface water interactions in regards to peak attenuation, and fewer still focus on karst environments. In the karstic, variably confined Suwannee River Basin, discharge, river stage, and water table data that were collected over a ten-year period were analyzed to determine the relationship between antecedent groundwater head and flood peak attenuation. Flooding causes high hydraulic heads in the river, which rise faster than corresponding groundwater heads. Springs which normally feed groundwater into the river reverse flow, and conduits allow for large amounts of river water to be absorbed into the aquifer matrix. Peak discharge in floods that occurred when antecedent groundwater heads were low were attenuated downstream. In contrast, peak discharge in floods that occurred when antecedent groundwater heads were high lacked attenuation Because most flood discharge models do not consider how transient storage of floodwaters in aquifers can attenuate flood peaks, predictions and flood warnings may be inaccurate in basins that promote peak attenuation, such as unconfined karstic basins. In addition, understanding these interactions is paramount in determining pollution risks to karst aquifer systems.
Cults of Thessalonica (Macedonica III)

The site of ancient Thessalonica has been continuously inhabited as an important city ever since its foundation by the forceful Macedonian king, Cassander, in the last years of the fourth century before Christ. Yet few ancient cities of equal importance have been the subject of so little investigation in modern times. Up to now, the inscriptions found in Salonica have all been chance discoveries, almost invariably due to such causes as the demolition of the old city walls during the last decades of the nineteenth and the early years of this century, the remodelling or removal of older buildings and other construction inevitable in the life of a large port and center of population. For these reasons it must be emphasized that the several hundred pagan Greek inscriptions of Thessalonica whose texts are now known (many of the stones once seen have been lost or destroyed) are in fact a quite fortuitous body of evidence. The following pages, therefore, cannot pretend to be a balanced and complete study of the religious cults of pagan Thessalonica. That is a task for the future when circumstances will, we must hope, permit a continuous and accurate study of the existing ancient remains, as well as of those new discoveries which may confidently be anticipated. Here I have only attempted to put together what can now be said about the cults of the Roman city.
Marital quality and diabetes: results from the Health and Retirement Study.

OBJECTIVE Poor marital quality is associated with many different indicators of poor health, including immunologic and metabolic responses that have relevance for distal disease outcomes such as diabetes. We conducted this study to evaluate whether poor marital quality was associated with the prevalence of diabetes in a population-based sample of Americans over the age of 50. METHOD Participants were married adults from the 2006 (N = 3,898) and 2008 (N = 3,452) waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Participants completed an interview and a self-report questionnaire, and current use of diabetes medication and glycosylated hemoglobin obtained from blood spot samples were used to index diabetes status. Marital quality was assessed with items regarding perceived frequency of positive and negative exchanges with partner. RESULTS Decreasing frequency of positive exchanges and increasing frequency of negative exchanges with one's spouse were associated with higher prevalence of diabetes among men, but not women at both waves; gender significantly moderated the associations between partner exchanges and diabetes status for the 2006 data. The association between frequency of partner exchanges and diabetes status generally remained significant in men after accounting for demographic characteristics and other risk factors (obesity, hypertension, low physical activity). CONCLUSION Poor marital quality as operationalized by rates of positive and negative partner exchanges was associated with increased prevalence of diabetes in men. These results are consistent with prior work on marriage and health, and suggest that poor marital quality may be a unique risk factor for diabetes.
Aggregation Sites for Adult European Corn Borers (Lepidoptera: Crambidae): A Comparison of Prairie and Non-Native Vegetation

Moths of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner), aggregate in vegetation during the day. We examined the preference of moths for different types of vegetation as aggregation sites and investigated several physical characteristics of vegetation that might determine moth preference. We focused primarily on vegetation types that occur along roadsides adjacent to cornfields. In the Midwest, roadside vegetation typically consists of brome grass, Bromus inermis (Leyss). We were especially interested in the moth’s preference for prairie vegetation compared with brome because several states have begun planting prairie vegetation along roadsides. At 4 central Iowa study sites, the density of moths was measured in several vegetation types during the 1st and 2nd O. nubilalis generations. For each vegetation type we also measured its microclimate and its foliage density at 5 vertical levels. In the 1st generation, moths were most dense in brome, which had 6.9 times more moths than prairie. In the 2nd generation, moths were most dense in foxtail grass, Setaria spp. Foxtail had 5.2 times more moths than brome, and brome had 1.6 times more moths than prairie. In both generations, the moth density in a vegetation type was significantly positively correlated with foliage density at 60 cm. Microclimate measurements of different vegetation types were not consistently correlated with moth density. We conclude that O. nubilalis moths prefer dense foliage >60 cm tall. We also conclude that replacing roadside brome and the weedy foxtail with native prairie has the potential to reduce the number of adult moths breeding near cornfields.
Electronic expressions: using e-mail to support emergent writers

This article discusses the use of e-mail in a kindergarten classroom. The article presents information on how e-mail can be used to support emergent writers. Information is given as to how one kind...
Research about the method of processing and analysing the images obtained with gene-chip scanner

The images obtained with gene-chip scanner are pre-processed and analyzed.Using pseudo median filtering and gridding,the images are pre-processed and analyzed.After pre-processing,the images nioses are effectively eliminated.And the images are roundly analyzed by gridding differently.The key character of hybridized gene-chip'2-D fluorescence information is obtained by gridding the pre-processed images.To improve the operation efficiency and veracity,pseudo median filtering is adoppted.At the same time the images are grided automatically by adaptive threshold segmentation.
Embracing the Whole Self: Using the Empty Chair Technique to Process Internalized Biphobia During Bisexual Identity Enactment

ABSTRACTFor members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender community, identity enactment is a multifaceted developmental process. Men and women who identify as bisexual in particular face complex challenges during identity development that often stem from living in a heterocentric society while also attempting to navigate exclusively gay or lesbian communities. In this article, specific issues of bisexual identity enactment will be introduced as it relates to sexual orientation identification, self-labeling as bisexual, and the coming-out process. Specific suggestions are then provided on how to utilize the Empty Chair Technique to process internalized biphobia, foster self-acceptance, and promote healthy identity development.
Discrimination and internalised feelings experienced by people who stutter in Jordan.

AbstractPurpose: This study investigated the internalised feelings and discrimination experienced by people who stutter in Jordan.Method: Five adult speakers who stutter were interviewed as a focus group. The participants were asked about their feelings related to stuttering and discrimination. The participants’ responses in the focus group and items adapted from the extant literature formed the basis of a 20-item questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered to 20 additional adults who stutter to assess their internalised feelings about stuttering and their perceived rejecting behaviours (discrimination) associated with their impairment.Result: Feeling “annoyed” was the item that received the highest percentage of negative internalised feelings, followed by “embarrassed,” “shame,” “disappointed,” “nervous, “sad,” “pessimistic,” “fearful,” “worried” and “lonely.” The results of the discrimination experiences indicated that “getting a leadership position” was the item that most people who stutter repor...
Meeting Organization: Openings, Turn Transitions, and Participant Alliances

This first of three core analytic chapters considers practices of getting and using turns in the meeting collection. These are practices through which women come to speak, but, as I have emphasized, they are not exclusively women’s practices. Indeed, in a section on epistemic downgrades at turn beginnings, I offer a case of a man doing a similar practice; I insert this case because hedging action may call up stereotypes of women’s language, and in my data this practice is not exclusive to women. In focusing on women’s pathways to speaking, the illustrative examples serve not only to contribute general findings regarding turn-taking in meetings, they also stand as evidence of women’s control of such practices.
Single Degree of Freedom Free Vibration

For the discussions in this chapter, we will use what is referred to as a lumped parameter model to describe free vibration. The “lumped” designation means that the mass is concentrated at a single coordinate (degree of freedom) and it is supported by a massless spring and damper. Recall from Sect. 1.2.1 that free vibration means that the mass is disturbed from its equilibrium position and vibration occurs at the natural frequency, but a long-term external force is not present.
H2 Formation on Cosmic Grain Siliceous Surfaces Grafted with Fe+ : A Silsesquioxanes-Based Computational Model.

Cosmic siliceous dust grains are involved in the synthesis of H2 in the inter-stellar medium. In this work, the dust grain siliceous surface is represented by a hydrogen Fe-metalla-silsesquioxane model of general formula: [Fe(H7 Si7 O12-n )(OH)n ]+ (n=0,1,2) where Fe+ behaves like a single-site heterogeneous catalyst grafted on a siliceous surface synthesizing H2 from H. A computational analysis is performed using two levels of theory (B3LYP-D3BJ and MP2-F12) to quantify the thermodynamic driving force of the reaction: [Fe-T7H7 ]+ +4H→[Fe-T7H7 (OH)2 ]+ +H2 . The general outcomes are: 1) H2 synthesis is thermodynamically strongly favored; 2) Fe-H / Fe-H2 barrier-less formation potential; 3) chemisorbed H-Fe leads to facile H2 synthesis at 20≤T≤100 K; 4) relative spin energetics and thermodynamic quantities between the B3LYP-D3BJ and MP2-F12 levels of theory are in qualitative agreement. The metalla-silsesquioxane model shows how Fe+ fixed on a siliceous surface can potentially catalyze H2 formation in space.
Validation of a Measure of Foster Home Integration for Foster Youth

Objectives:This article introduces a youth-reported measure (Essential Youth Experiences [EYE]) developed to assess the experiences of foster youth in their home environment and their critical rela...
Emerging Technology in Cartilage Repair: Analysis with a Substitution Model of Technological Change

Articular cartilage repair is a very hot topic for scientific research and has evolving rapidly due to continuous advances in tissue engineering driven by cell biology, growth factors and biomaterials. The study here analyzes the evolutionary growth of knowledge that supports the new clinical applications of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) technology, radical innovations of cartilage regenerative medicine driven by tissue engineering. Findings show that scientific and technological production about ACI and MSCs technology have been growing with an allometric patterns paving the pathway to substitute the standard total joint replacement technology. In addition, Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) technology may be a more promising technology in comparison to alternative approaches. These new technologies repair the cartilage with more effectiveness and have been generating a revolution in clinical practice due to benefits in terms of higher quality of life of patients.
Integrating Academic Library Resources and Learning Management Systems: The Library Blackboard Site

This paper discusses a plan for integrating information literacy instruction sessions and other intermediate consumer community links by developing a library presence on a campus online learning management system: Blackboard. On this site, core information literacy tutorials and assessments are augmented with subject area library links, podcasts, blogs and RSS feeds. The academic library Blackboard site also serves as a demonstration model for information and links that are added to faculty Blackboard sites as a means of promoting library resources to their students. A literature review-based analysis examines the extent to which the use of learning management systems improves academic library services.
Initial Experience in Ion Production Using an Ultra-high Power Density Method

A mechanism to adjust the cross-section of the arc column of a cold cathode P.I.G. ion source has been developed. The cross-section of the plasma column, and therefore the electron flux density can be adjusted over a wide range with a fixed ion source power. We have achieved in producing an arc column with power density up to about 370 kW/cm2 and about 140 kW/cm3. With this ultra-high power density, a great improvement on ion production has been obtained. The peak beam currents of the doubly charged He-3 and He-4 have been increased, from 150 μA to 750 μA and from 50 μA to 400 μA respectively, using our compact cyclotron. **
PPT1 promotes tumor growth and is the molecular target of chloroquine derivatives in cancer.

Clinical trials repurposing lysosomotropic chloroquine (CQ) derivatives as autophagy inhibitors in cancer demonstrate encouraging results, but the underlying mechanism of action remains unknown. Here, we report a novel dimeric CQ (DC661) capable of deacidifying the lysosome and inhibiting autophagy significantly better than hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Using an in situ photoaffinity pulldown strategy, we identified palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1) as a molecular target shared across monomeric and dimeric CQ derivatives. HCQ and Lys05 also bound to and inhibited PPT1 activity, but only DC661 maintained activity in acidic media. Knockout of PPT1 in cancer cells using CRISPR/Cas9 editing abrogates autophagy modulation and cytotoxicity of CQ derivatives, and results in significant impairment of tumor growth similar to that observed with DC661. Elevated expression of PPT1 in tumors correlates with poor survival in patients in a variety of cancers. Thus, PPT1 represents a new target in cancer that can be inhibited with CQ derivatives. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identifies PPT1 as the previously unknown lysosomal molecular target of monomeric and dimeric CQ derivatives. Genetic suppression of PPT1 impairs tumor growth, and PPT1 levels are elevated in cancer and associated with poor survival. These findings provide a strong rationale for targeting PPT1 in cancer. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 151.
RARE CASE OF INTRAMYOCARDIAL RIGHT VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW TRACT (RVOT) HEMANGIOMA

Hemangioma of the heart, presenting as a primary cardiac tumor is extremely rare representing approximately 2% of all primary resected heart tumors. A 12-year-old otherwise healthy and asymptomatic male presented for evaluation of a heart murmur. A grade 2/6 systolic murmur was present in the
The development of emotional speech prosody perception in 3- to 14-month infants: a preferential listening study

Developmental studies have shown strong evidence that socially enriched speech signal (including prosodic modifications) attracts infants’ attention and facilitates language development. While emotion understanding is evident at 9 months of age (Otte et al., 2015), the developmental trajectory of the emotional speech prosody perception is still unclear. The present study adopted a widely used preferential looking paradigm to measure 3- to 14-month-old infants’ listening preference to English words spoken in neutral, happy, angry, and sad tones. Analysis using a linear mixed model showed that infants’ preference of emotional prosody changed as a function of age. On average, the three-month olds listened longer to all emotional prosodies over the neutral one whereas older infants showed significantly diminished interests in the sad prosody, followed by the happy and angry voices. Around 12 months, infants appeared to listen to emotional prosodies equally with the exception of reduced interest in the angry prosody. These preferential listening measures were not correlated with the varying durations or fundamental frequencies of the spoken words for the different emotional categories, indicating that the development of emotional speech prosody is not purely driven by the acoustical properties but rather involves higher-order social cognition.
Service Center Location with Decision Dependent Utilities

We study a service center location problem with ambiguous utility gains upon receiving service. The model is motivated by the problem of deciding medical clinic/service centers, possibly in rural communities, where residents need to visit the clinics to receive health services. A resident gains his utility based on travel distance, waiting time, and service features of the facility that depend on the clinic location. The elicited location-dependent utilities are assumed to be ambiguously described by an expected value and variance constraint. We show that despite a non-convex nonlinearity, given by a constraint specified by a maximum of two second-order conic functions, the model admits a mixed 0-1 second-order cone (MISOCP) formulation. We study the non-convex substructure of the problem, and present methods for developing its strengthened formulations by using valid tangent inequalities. Computational study shows the effectiveness of solving the strengthened formulations. Examples are used to illustrate the importance of including decision dependent ambiguity.
Discrete emotions effects on electronic word-of-mouth helpfulness: The moderating role of reviewer gender and contextual emotional tone

Abstract Using frameworks from the literature on emotion, cognitive processing and gender stereotypes, we extend existing research on online product review helpfulness by demonstrating that reviewer gender moderates the relationship between emotional content and review helpfulness and that readers' perceptions of reviewer credibility explain this effect. In the first study, experimental methods were used to demonstrate that the differential effect of angry vs. non-emotional reviews on review helpfulness was moderated by reviewer gender. Further, findings showed that the negative effect of anger on review helpfulness for female (but not male) reviewers was explained by lower reviewer credibility. In the second study, by analyzing product reviews from the Amazon web site, we found supportive evidence for the results of the first study on the relationship between female-expressed anger and review helpfulness. In addition, we explored the influence of gender stereotypes in terms of the relationship between anxiety and review helpfulness and compared it to anger. Study 2 also allowed us to explore the moderation effect of the contextual emotional tone of other reviews on the target product. Our findings highlight limitations in perceived helpfulness ratings due to gender stereotype biases and offer insights for various decision makers to better understand and manage review helpfulness.
You are not the father: rhetoric, settler colonial curiosity, and federal Indian law

In this essay, the author uses Lacanian psychoanalytic theory to explain the specific insistence of blood and economic/personal financial relations as organizing signifiers in federal Indian law, t...
Subversive space: representations of space as articulations of sovereignty in colonial Mysore

This article is an inquiry into the relationship between representations of space and religion, power, and territory. It argues that the manner that space is represented is intimately tied to the c...
A retrospective analysis of the impact of disabling item review on item performance on computerized fixed-item tests in a doctor of pharmacy program.

Abstract Objective The decision to disable item review, or ‘backward navigation,’ during computerized-fixed item tests proved controversial among faculty at our institution. We sought to determine the effect of disabling backward navigation on performance of individual exam items and overall exam performance across multiple courses within a doctor of pharmacy program. Methods Exam items that were administered unchanged and without error or adjustment of scoring between 2016 and 2017 were eligible for inclusion. Included items were evaluated for change in difficulty index, point biserial, and discrimination index for the year when backward navigation was enabled to the year after the function was disabled. Performance on matching exam pairs in each time frame was compared for any changes. Results We screened 2033 items and identified 576 which met study inclusion criteria. There were no significant differences in overall item difficulty index, point biserial, discrimination index or performance of the 27% lowest-scoring students. There was a decrease of 0.95% for the highest-scoring students (z = −2.93, p = 0.003). We identified 15 pairs of exams that contained at least 30% identical items from 2016 to 2017. No difference was found in the percent score minimum, maximum, mean, median, or standard deviation. Conclusions Although there was a statistically significant decrease in item performance for students with the highest scores on the exam, we were unable to demonstrate that disabling backward navigation had a significant impact on overall item performance or exam results.
What’s in Your Body of Water? A Pilot Study Using Metaphoric Framing to Reduce the Psychological Distance in Pharmaceutical Pollution Risk Communication

Aquatic pharmaceutical pollution poses ecotoxicological risks to the environment and human health. Consumer pharmaceutical use and disposal behaviors represent a significant source of pharmaceutical compounds in surface waters, and communication strategies are needed to promote pro-environmental behaviors to reduce pharmaceutical pollution. Designing effective risk communication campaigns requires an understanding of public perceptions of aquatic pharmaceutical pollution. The purpose of this mixed-methods pilot study was to test the efficacy of using theories from cognitive linguistics and psychology (conceptual metaphor theory and construal level theory of psychological distance, respectively) in using metaphors in pharmaceutical pollution risk communication. Our methods included a randomized cross-over design in which a convenience sample of university students (n = 20) viewed visual representations of pharmaceutical pollution risks (metaphor based and non-metaphor). We used cognitive interviewing methods to assess metaphor use on participants understanding of pharmaceutical pollution risk, concern about this risk, and willingness to act. Results indicate that participants preferred the metaphorically-framed visual, and that the use of metaphor significantly reduced participants’ perceived social and geographic distance of pharmaceutical pollution risk, suggesting a relationship between metaphoric framing and psychological distance warranting additional research. Theoretical and practical implications of metaphor use in risk communications are discussed.
Development of a CFD model for steam cracker radiant coil using molecular kinetics

There are several commercially available radiant coil designs for steam hydrocarbon crackers with various features which include, reduced coking, increased selectivity and higher heat transfer coef...
An analysis of various diseases and hearing screening in NICU infants

Objective:It is the first time to study the hearing screening results in NICU infants in Heilongjiang province,to analyze the various diseases and hearing loss distribution in NICU infants.Method:Three hundred and thirty four newborns(668 ears) in NICU received hearing screening with TEOAE and AABR test.We compared the results of different risk factors.Result:The failed ratio of different diseases in NICU are as follow: premature infants 61%,hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) 35%,neonatal infectious pneumonia 30%,neonatal sepsis 30%,neonatal aspiration pneumonitis 36%,neonatal jaundice 29%.Conclusion:The positive ratio of preterm infants was 61%,which is higher than the other diseases in NICU infants of Heilongjiang province.Both TEOAE and AABR failure have a high incidence of abnormal hearing status.Neonatal jaundice,neonatal infectious pneumonia and premature infants diseases are the high risk factors of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder(ANSD) in NICU infants of Heilongjiang.
Hermitian Metric and the Infinite Dihedral Group

For a tuple A = (A1,A2,…, An) of elements in a unital Banach algebra B, the associated multiparameter pencil is A(z) = z1A1 + z2A2 + … + znAn. The projective spectrum P(A) is the collection of z ∈ ℂn such that A(z) is not invertible. Using the fundamental form ΩA = −ω * ∧ ωA, where ωA(z) = A−1(z) dA(z) is the Maurer–Cartan form, R. Douglas and the second author defined and studied a natural Hermitian metric on the resolvent set Pc(A) = ℂn \ P(A). This paper examines that metric in the case of the infinite dihedral group, D∞ = , with respect to the left regular representation λ. For the non-homogeneous pencil R(z) = I + z1λ(a) + z2λ(t), we explicitly compute the metric on Pc(R) and show that the completion of Pc(R) under the metric is ℂ2 \ {(±1, 0), (0, ±1)}, which rediscovers the classical spectra σ(λ(a)) = σ(λ(t)) = {± 1}. This paper is a follow-up of the papers by R. G. Douglas and R. Yang (2018) and R. Grigorchuk and R. Yang (2017).
Cryogenic design of FRIB cryomodule and distribution system and the present status

The Michigan State University (MSU) Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) accelerator utilizes six types of cryo-modules that are being installed in three Linac segments in the FRIB tunnel. The cryomodules contain both superconducting RF cavities and solenoid magnets with 2 K and 4.5 K refrigeration loads (respectively), magnet lead flow loads and 35-55 K shield loads and power coupler intercept loads. The first Linac segment (LS-1) with fifteen cryomodules was commissioned at 4.5 K and at 2 K. Commissioning experiences and some salient features of the cryogenic design of the cryomodules and the helium distribution systems will be discussed.
Measuring sustainability of urban mobility: A pilot study of Asian cities

Abstract Sustainability of urban mobility has emerged as an important global, regional and local question. This paper presents the results of a pilot study conducted for the assessment of urban mobility in four Asian cities. The ten urban transport indicators set and the sustainable urban transport index (SUTI) are used to measure sustainability of urban mobility. Primary and secondary urban transport data from four Asian cities Greater Jakarta, Kathmandu, Hanoi and Colombo were collected and analyzed using the SUTI methodology and tool to produce assessment reports. The results of assessment are displayed visually in a spider diagram. This enables policy makers to comprehend state of all 10 urban mobility indicators in a city at a glance and discuss interventions and strategies required to improve the score of indicators with low value and improve overall sustainability of urban mobility. The findings and results supported policy makers in city authorities to identify policy gaps and prioritize policy measures to improve urban mobility. The study also confirmed the usefulness the SUTI data collection guideline to collect standardize data and Excel based SUTI tool to analyze data and measure sustainability of urban mobility in a city as well as to make comparison among peer cities.
Accessible Analysis of Longitudinal Data with Linear Mixed Effects Models

Longitudinal mouse models are commonly used to study possible causal factors associated with human health and disease. However, the statistical models, such as two-way ANOVA, often applied in these studies do not appropriately model the experimental design, resulting in biased and imprecise results. Here, we describe the linear mixed effects (LME) model and how to use it for longitudinal mice studies. We re-analyze a dataset published by Blanton et al (Science 2016) that modeled mice growth trajectories after microbiome implantation from nourished or malnourished children. We compare the fit and stability of different parameterizations of ANOVA and LME models; most models found the nourished vs. malnourished growth trajectories differed significantly. We show through simulation that the results from the two-way ANOVA and LME models are not always consistent. Incorrectly modeling correlated data can result in increased rates of false positives or false negatives, supporting the need to model correlated data correctly. We provide an interactive Shiny App to enable accessible and appropriate analysis of longitudinal data using LME models.
A Design Knowledge Management System to Support Collaborative Information Product Evolution

The Internet has led to the widespread trade of digital information products. These products exhibit unusual properties such as high fixed costs and near-zero marginal costs. They need to be developed on compressed time frames by spatially and temporally distributed teams, have short lifecycles, and high perishability. This paper addresses the challenges that information product development (IPD) teams face. Drawing on the knowledge intensive nature of IPD tasks, we identify potential solutions to these problems that can be provided by a knowledge management system. We discuss a prototype Knowledge Management System (KMS) that supports linking of artifacts to processes, flexible interaction and hypermedia services, distribution annotation and authoring as well as providing visibility to artifacts as they change over time. Using a case from the publishing industry, we illustrate how contextualized decision paths/traces provide a rich base of formal and informal knowledge that supports IPD teams.
The role of solvent molecular weight in shear thickening and shear jamming.

The application of stress can drive a dense suspension into a regime of highly non-Newtonian response, characterized by discontinuous shear thickening (DST) and potentially shear jamming (SJ), due to the formation of a frictionally stabilized contact network. Investigating how the molecular weight of the suspending solvent affects the frictional particle–particle interactions, we report on experiments with suspensions of fumed silica particles in polyethylene glycol (PEG). Focusing on the monomer-to-oligomer limit, with n = 1 to 8 ethylene oxide repeat units, we find that increasing n enhances shear thickening under steady-state shear and even elicits rapidly propagating shear jamming fronts, as assessed by high-speed ultrasound imaging of impact experiments. We associate this behavior with a weakening of the solvation layers surrounding the particles as n is increased, which thereby facilitates the formation of frictional contacts. We argue that for n larger than the monomer-to-oligomer limit the trend reverses and frictional interactions are diminished, as observed in prior experiments. This reversal occurs because the polymeric solvent transitions from being enthalpically bound to entropically bound to the particle surfaces, which strengthens solvation layers.
Barriers to Trade in Financial and Insurance Services: Evidence from the United Kingdom

Distance, as a proxy for trade barriers, is found in many studies to matter even for weightless cross-border financial investments and lending, possibly due to the presence of information asymmetries. Its importance is tested in this paper using exports of all five broad categories of the U.K.’s financial and insurance services. No trade barriers are found for the bulk of the U.K.’s exports. Trade barriers are confirmed only for interest-bearing activities – being in line with available results in the literature. The positive effect of EU membership appears to be small. Notwithstanding the uncertainties, it suggests that post-Brexit disruptions of the U.K.’s export of financial and insurance services may be minor.
Integrator enforces the fidelity of transcriptional termination at protein-coding genes.

Integrator regulates the 3′-end processing and termination of multiple classes of noncoding RNAs. Depletion of INTS11, the catalytic subunit of Integrator, or ectopic expression of its catalytic de...
Machinamentum X: Marvell and Technology

Recent scholarship in the history of technology has provided new insights into the early modern investigation of nature, troubling fixed boundaries between invention and discovery, and more broadly, between art and knowledge. Drawing on such research, as well as literary scholars' discussions of parallels between Renaissance poetics and technics, I suggest that further inquiries into the role of technology in Andrew Marvell's poetry may yield new insights into his depiction of nature, his politics, and the relation of the two. I conclude with a reading of ‘Music's Empire’, a poem that reveals how deeply Marvell considered the role of technology in culture.
Spectroscopic observations of winds on Venus. I - Technique and data reduction

Methods of measurement and reduction of high-dispersion photographic spectra of Venus are presented. Preliminary results are consistent with slow direct or no rotation at the level sample, and disagree strongly with a 4-day retrograde rotation. A serious systematic error, which affects much published work, is due to blending of solar lines in the sky with those reflected from the planet. This always tends to produce a spurious retrograde 'rotation'. Only data obtained in a dark sky, or daytime observations from which the sky lines have been accurately subtracted, can be relied upon. All such data give low wind speeds.
Neurological soft signs in manic patients: A comparison with schizophrenic and control groups

Abstract Manic (N = 28), schizophrenic (N = 44) and control (N = 29) males were tested for a series of 30 neurological soft signs. Both manic and schizophrenic groups performed significantly worse overall compared to the control group. Manic patients were not significantly different from the schizophrenic patients on 27 of 30 soft signs, and were significantly better in three. The data suggest that neurological soft signs may be nonspecific pathological correlates of schizophrenia or mania.
A step towards universal facial animation via volume morphing

As more and more of the virtual world inside our computers imitates real life, the creation of anthropomorphic agents is attracting attention. In the very near future, computer generated faces will be conversing with us via our personal computers, video phones and ATM machines. Although advances have been made in the field of computer facial animation, universal animation, which aims to animate any given computer face model automatically, has yet to be fully realized. This paper reports on an approach towards universal animation on polygonal 3-D face models with near-real time performance speed on personal computers. Platt's facial model (1985) is used as a generic base for acquiring muscle information and a 3-D volume morphing technique is used to obtain different faces for animation. Transferring the muscle information on a generic face to other face models has been accomplished. New face models can be animated without the tedious process of muscle attachment which also requires a knowledge of facial anatomy.
From the Central Server Model to BEST/1©

The central server model [3] represented a major advance in computer performance analysis when it was first introduced. Earlier mathematical models had investigated the performance of individual system components such as central processors, disks and drums. Because they analyzed these components in isolation, early models had no way to represent the powerful interactions that take place among components and ultimately determine overall system performance.
Effects of targeted advertising by the tobacco industry

There is now considerable evidence that the advertising and promotional practices of the tobacco industry influence adolescents to start smoking. I review here the trends in the size and nature of tobacco advertising and promotion in the United States and some key evidence to support the conclusion that there is a casual link between tobacco advertising and promotion and uptake of smoking by adolescents.
A concurrency control protocol for nested transactions

Nested transactions [6, 5] provide fine grain atomicity, efficient recovery control, and structural modularity. In distributed environments, they provide a natural and semantically clean way of modeling computations. However, the characteristics of nested transactions are sufficiently different from those of traditional single-level transactions that concurrency control for nested transactions should be reconsidered in order to exploit all its advantages.In this paper, we investigate a new concurrency control protocol for nested transactions, and introduce the notion of a request list for that purpose. Our objectives are to provide shorter transaction turn-around times and better system throughput. These goals are accomplished by exploiting intra-transaction concurrency and by reducing the time a transaction has to wait for consistent data states.
Communication delays in wide area measurement systems

This paper provides a tutorial introduction to phasor measurement units (PMU) when applied in a power system environment, provides an overview of communication alternatives for wide area measurement systems (WAMS), and computes the delay budget for each type of communication link. The goal of this study is to provide data regarding the communication delay that can be incorporated into the analysis and simulation of WAMS.
IRON DEFICIENCY AND THE MEASUREMENT OF IRON STATUS

It is highly unlikely that life in any form can exist without iron. Its role in mammalian metabolism includes a variety of diverse functions such as reversible oxygen binding to the haem-containing proteins haemoglobin and myoglobin which are involved in oxygen transport and storage, the stepwise release of energy by the haem-containing proteins of the mitochondria1 electron transport apparatus, the controlled interactions with molecular oxygen by haem iron proteins, iron sulphur proteins, and non-haem iron-containing oxygenases, and the conversion of ribose to deoxyribose nucleic acids by the iron- containing ribonucleotide reductase which is required for the propagation of genetic information. Given the critical dependence of body tissues on iron, elaborate mechanisms have evolved for its efficient absorption, transport, cellular uptake, storage and conservation. While the biochemical liabilities of deficiency are evident, the efficacy of body iron conservation and iron’s ability to generate reactive species should caution against supplying excess iron to those with adequate iron reserves. The continuing growth in our knowledge about the importance of iron in human nutrition has been paralleled by an increasing variety and sophistication of laboratory methods to assess iron status. The emphasis in the present review is on methods suitable
Laryngeal cold receptors.

Abstract We have previously demonstrated the presence of specific laryngeal ‘flow’ receptors activated independently of transmural pressure. This study considers the operational characteristics of these endings. In 15 anesthetized dogs were recorded single unit action potentials from the peripheral cut end of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. All the 30 laryngeal ‘flow’ receptors studied showed an inspiratory modulation when the dog was breathing room air at 26 °C and 55% relative humidity (laryngeal temperature ≈34 °C through the upper airway. All the receptors became silent when the temperature of the inspired air was raised to 36–40 °C, 100% relative humidity (laryngeal temperature between 35 and 38 °C) and increased their activity when the temperature in the larynx was decreased either by lowering the temperature or the humidity of the inspired air. Fourteen laryngeal ‘flow’ receptors were tested with a steady flow of air, directed through the isolated in vivo larynx, at different temperatures and saturated with water vapor. Their discharge rate was found to be inversely related to laryngeal temperature (from 35 to 25 °C) and independent of airflow. Their rate of adaptation indicates a high dynamic sensitivity. In the isolated larynx preparation these receptors were activated by airflow in both inspiratory and expiratory directions provided that laryngeal temperature was lower than 35 °C. We conclude that the previously described laryngeal ‘flow’ receptors operate as thermoreceptors activated by cooling.
SUBCUTANEOUS VERSUS INTRAMUSCULAR HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE THERAPY: GROWTH AND ACUTE SOMATOMEDIN RESPONSE

Although growth hormone (GH) has traditionally been administered intramuscularly (IM), concerns regarding patient comfort and compliance have led to the consideration of the subcutaneous (SQ) route. To compare SQ and IM administration of GH, we have examined the acute insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) & II response to 4 daily injections of GH (0.1 U/kg) in 21 GH deficient children. Subjects were off GH for at least 2 weeks prior to randomization to SQ (11) or IM (10). Samples were obtained at baseline and 20 hr after the 4th injection. IGF-I and IGF-II were measured by specfic RIAs. Growth rate and antibody levels were determined before and after 6 months of three times a week therapy. We evaluated parent and subject preference in those who switched to SQ by questionnaire. IGF-I levels tripled after 4 days of GH in both groups (43±58 (±SD) to 149±106 ng/ml SQ, 43±27 to 144±65 IM) while IGF-II levels nearly doubled (537±326 to 1014±332 ng/ml SQ, 617±394 to 1088±426 IM). In those who had completed 6 months of therapy, there was no significant difference in the growth rates (5.04±1.26 cm/yr SQ, 6.72±1.09 cm/yr IM) and only one patient developed GH antibodies (IM group). Both parents and subjects expressed a strong preference for the SQ method (8 of 9 thought SQ better than or equal to IM). The identical rises of both IGF-I and IGF-II following a brief course of either SQ or IM GH, the similar growth rates and lack of antibody development all suggest that the two routes are equivalent, while patients and parents clearly prefer SQ therapy.
Deformable haptic rendering for volumetric medical image data

Virtual-reality-based surgical simulation is one of the most notable and practical applications of kinesthetic haptic rendering. With recent advances in volume visualization technology, simulators can now incorporate pre-operative medical image data for surgical planning or rehearsal. For a truly immersive, patient-specific simulation experience, versatile haptic rendering of volume data is needed. This article presents a method for haptic rendering of deformable isosurfaces embedded within volumetric data. The proxy-based algorithm operates on the original data volume, rather than on an alternate or derived representation, to preserve geometric accuracy. Real-time deformation is driven by a coarser mesh generated from the volume. We show that this approach has very favorable properties for an application in surgical simulation.
Triiodothyronine rapidly stimulates mitochondrial respiration in isolated hepatocytes.

Isolated hepatocytes from euthyroid or hypothyroid (thyroidectomized) rats showed a 20 to 30% stimulation of respiratory activity when treated with triiodothyronine (T3). Maximal stimulation was obtained in the presence of the uncoupler carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenyl-hydrazone (CCCP) suggesting a direct effect on the respiratory chain. Physiological concentrations of T3 (10-11-10-9) induced maximal stimulation after a short incubation (75% of maximum in 3 min) and the effect persisted for over 1 h of incubation. Mitochondria, rapidly isolated from T3-treated hepatocytes, retained stimulated respiratory activity in both coupled and uncoupled states. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the mitochondrion is a primary target for thyroid hormones, and the present system appears to be suitable for the systematic investigation of these effects.