cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Liberation Theology in Latin America: Dead or Alive?

This chapter explores the emergence of liberation theology in Latin America in the 1960s and assesses its successes and failures in the next four decades. It emerged from Christian communities, first in Brail and then spread throughout Latin America. This theology is a combination of action and reflection that argues that Christianity should free people rather than oppress them. This action and reflection is based on faith, scripture, tradition, reason and experience. Liberation theology emerged from communities trying to survive in economic, political, ecological, racial and other forms of poverty. I outline the political and economic situations in three Latin American countries where it emerged and coalesced: Brazil, El Salvador and Nicaragua. Brazil is both the richest country but also the one with the largest social gap. It was the locus from where liberation theology emerged and has remained strong. It emerged more slowly in El Salvador and Nicaragua, but played a large role in the political situations. Next, I explore the response of the Roman Catholic Church. By 1990 many in the global North assumed that liberation theology was dead. Socialism and communism were deemed to have failed after the fall of the Berlin Wall as liberationists had often supported socialist economic policies. Furthermore, the Catholic Church condemned liberation theology. However, it is vibrant again in parts of Latin America today. I explore its re-emergence this century. Liberation theology did not die; it moved from its intense focus on the political and economic repression to addressing the wider scope of oppression including issues of race, gender and sexuality among others.
Taking the Jurisprudential Analogy Seriously

Both Stephen Toulmin and Chaim Perelman described argumentation as analogous to reasoning in law and jurisprudence, in which judgment rather than demonstration is called for and the exercise is one of justification rather than proof. This essay reviews the critiques of formal reason each theorist offers and their different bases for coming to law as the model for argumentation—jurisprudential procedure in Toulmin’s case and the rule of justice in Perelman’s. It then considers how the theory and practice of argumentation would be affected if this analogy were taken as the starting point for theory construction rather than just as a general orientation for the field.
Browder-Fröhlich symbols

We construct a Galois-equivalent symbol, mapping the pro-p-component of the second K-group of maximal totally ramified abelian extension of a local number field to its Tate module; and we propose as a topic of further research, the problem of constructing the associated periodic localization for this K-functor, along the line of [1] and [13].
Through Thick and Thin What Are the Septal Thickness Limits for Alcohol Septal Ablation

Patients with symptoms caused by hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy are treated with β-blockers, verapamil, and disopyramide.1,2 Novel drugs are under development. The minority of patients whose symptoms interfere substantially with lifestyle despite optimal pharmacological management may be offered septal reduction therapy with ablation or myectomy. Other mechanical therapies, including short AV delay pacing, mitral valve replacement, and percutaneous mitral valve repair, are used in some cases. Although opinions on the relative merits of septal ablation and myectomy differ, optimal recommendations can be made for individual patients based on patient characteristics and patient preference.3 Based on anecdotal experience, marked septal hypertrophy (≈30 mm or more) has been considered a factor that favors myectomy over ablation. Data supporting this impression have until now been lacking. At the other end of the septal thickness spectrum, the presence of only mild hypertrophy (≈15 mm or less) is considered to be a relative contraindication to both septal ablation and septal myectomy because of what is judged to be an enhanced risk of creating a ventricular septal defect. See Article by Lu et al The American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association guidelines, published in 2011, state that “the effectiveness of alcohol septal ablation is uncertain in patients with HCM with marked (ie, >30 mm) septal hypertrophy, and therefore the procedure is generally discouraged in such patients.”4 The 2014 European Society of Cardiology guidelines state that “septal ablation may be less effective in...patients with very severe hypertrophy (≥30 mm), but systematic data are lacking.”5 Indeed, previous studies designed to assess predictors of success of septal ablation failed to demonstrate definitively that septal thickness is a determinant of success. Chang et al6 reported their outcomes in the …
Source Variety, Event Frequency, and Context in Newspaper Crime Reporting

Crime and criminal justice content remains an important part of local news reporting because underreporting can lead to underenforcement and overreporting can lead to misuse of resources or misguided public policies. To explore this issue, we conducted a content analysis of six daily newspapers from markets with the highest and the lowest crime per capita. The stories analyzed were overwhelmingly reported as episodic incidents and focused on violent crime. Nonviolent crimes were greatly underreported. Source variety was a key issue, with law enforcement the most commonly cited source and often the only source. This demonstrates a lack of depth in reporting, whether prompted by a desire for convenience or by necessity created from lack of resources.
Refractory Orthostatic Hypotension Caused by a Recurrent Hemangioblastoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Refractory orthostatic hypotension (OH) has been described following surgery for posterior fossa tumors. We present the case of a patient with refractory OH following attempted surgical resection. We also reviewed the available literature to describe pathophysiologic mechanisms for this rare entity. A 58-year-old female was found to have a hemangioblastoma at the cervicomedullary junction following workup for dysphagia and coordination difficulties. She underwent successful suboccipital craniotomy and gross total resection. However, the patient's symptoms returned several years later and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed tumor recurrence. A surgical resection was attempted but could not be performed due to significant scarring. Following discharge, she returned to our care with severe syncopal episodes, refractory OH, and an inability to ambulate. Aggressive medical therapy resulted in a gradual improvement in her ability to ambulate and a reduction in her orthostatic episodes. Unfortunately she died due to sepsis from aspiration pneumonia several months later. A survey of the literature yielded a total of 10 reports (14 patients) with refractory OH as a result of tumors in the cervicomedullary region. Five of fourteen patients died from complications related to OH and brainstem compression while the remainder had some improvement and were discharged. Refractory OH can rarely be a presenting sign of a tumor in the cervicomedullary junction or can manifest following surgical resection of tumors in this region. Recognition of OH and the institution of medical therapy (sodium and fluid replacement) and pharmacotherapy may curb the significant morbidity associated with this condition.
3-D temperature distributions produced by a microwave spot heating applicator

Numerical simulations were used to investigate the effectiveness for materials processing of recently announced microwave spot-heating applicators. These devices can produce heating in depth over a region a centimeter or two in diameter. Computed 3-D time-dependent temperature distributions for both stationary and moving samples suggest that such applicators could be very useful for joining of ceramics, such as alumina. Moving the beam relative to the workpiece at an appropriate rate avoids thermal runaway.
Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Farm Groups in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Power Grid

With large-scale integration of wind power,it is important for the safe,stable and economic operation of regional power grid to strengthen the power forecasting of the regional wind farm group.Based on the specific features of wind farm group in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan power grid,a short-term wind forecasting model is established by using the physical modeling method,and the statistical up-scaling technology is combined with the physical model to enhance its precision.A wind power prediction system is built with the three-layer architecture for Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan power grid,and has been applied to the engineering project.It has been proved that this method can effectively predict the wind power of the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region,and can significantly increase the wind power absorptive capacity of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan power grid,and improve the lean level of power grid dispatching.
Investigation on contamination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic products in Gongshu district of Hangzhou city

Objective:To investigate the contamination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus(VP) in aquatic products in Gongshu district of Hangzhou city with the detection and analysis of bacteria serotype,virulence genes and drug resistance and provide the basis for the aquatic food safety and food-borne disease prevention and control.Methods:VP were isolated and identified from aquatic products according to the Chinese National Standard GB/T4789.7 2008.KB method was used for drug sensitive test,Real-Time PCR was used for detection of virulence genes.Results:One hundred and sixteen strains of VP virus were isolated from 160 samples(The total detection rate was 72.5%).The detection rate in shellfish from saltwater was 74.64%(103/138) and from freshwater was 59.09%(13/22).One hundred and sixteen VP strains belonged to nine serogroups,the main serogroups were O11 and O4 serogroup(20.69% and 18.10% respectively),followed by O5 and O10 serogroup.O6 and O8 serogroup were also isolated,which were relatively rare.All of the strains didn’t contain toxic genes tdh and trh.Most of the strains were resistant to ampicillin and amoxycillin with the ratio of 83.62% and 78.45% respectively.All the strains showed sensitivity to gentamicin and doxycycline.Conclusion:The shellfishes from Gongshu markets were highly contaminated by VP.The isolated strains had antimicrobial resistance to a certain extent and belonged to different serogroups,indicating it was necessary for food regulatory department to strengthen monitoring of VP in aquatic products circulation and eating.
Gauss’ Theorema Aureum: The Law of Quadratic Reciprocity

Proposition 1.1 of Chap. 1 shows that the solution of the general second-degree congruence ax2 + bx + c ≡ 0 mod p for an odd prime p can be reduced to the solution of the congruence x2 ≡ b2 − 4ac mod p, and we also saw how the solution of x2 ≡ n mod m for a composite modulus m can be reduced by way of Gauss’ algorithm to the solution of x2 ≡ q mod p for prime numbers p and q. In this chapter, we will discuss a remarkable theorem known as the Law of Quadratic Reciprocity, which provides a very powerful method for determining the solvability of congruences of this last type. The theorem states that if p and q are distinct odd primes then the congruences x2 ≡ q mod p and x2 ≡ p mod q are either both solvable or both not solvable, unless p and q are both congruent to 3 mod 4, in which case one is solvable and the other is not. As a simple but no less striking example of the power of this theorem, suppose one wants to know if x2 ≡ 5 mod 103 has any solutions. Since 5 is not congruent to 3 mod 4, the quadratic reciprocity law asserts that x2 ≡ 5 mod 103 and x2 ≡ 103 mod 5 are both solvable or both not. But solution of the latter congruence reduces to x2 ≡ 3 mod 5, which clearly has no solutions. Hence neither does x2 ≡ 5 mod 103.
Specialist bees collect Asteraceae pollen by distinctive abdominal drumming (Osmia) or tapping (Melissodes, Svastra)

Four species of western US Osmia (3 Cephalosmia) that are Asteraceae specialists (mesoleges) were observed using a stereotypical means of collecting pollen—abdominal drumming—to gather pollen from 21 flowering species representing nine tribes of Asteraceae. Abdominal drumming is a rapid dorso-ventral motion of the female’s abdomen (467 pats/min) used to directly collect and place pollen in the bee’s ventral scopa. A co-occurring generalist, O. lignaria, never drummed Asteraceae flowers for pollen, but instead used its legs to harvest pollen. Observed drumming by several other osmiines is noted. A different pollen-harvesting behavior, abdominal tapping, is described for two eucerine bees (Melissodes agilis and Svastra obliqua), both oligolectic for the Asteraceae. The behavior also involves a dorso-ventral motion, but they tap their distal abdominal venter against disk flowers at a slower tempo (304 taps/min). These females’ distal sternites have distinctly dense and long hair brushes for acquiring pollen by this behavior. Brief accounts of similar abdominal pollen gathering behaviors by other megachilids are summarized.
Enhancement Effects of Surfactants in Flame Atomic Absorption Analysis

The use of surfactants in flame atomic absorption has been reported previously (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7). Surfactants in dilute solutions below their critical micellar concentration (CMC) act as strong electrolytes. Above their CMC they exhibit unique solvent property changes such as apparent molar volumes, density, specific heat, electrical conductance, electromotive force, surface tension, vapor pressure, microfluidity or viscosity, and the temperature coefficient of solubility (9). It was the purpose of these studies to ascertain whether or not these changes in the solvent properties of water would effect atomic absorption signals. A review of the literature on this subject results in apparent inconsistencies in the fmal results and the theories that explain this phenomena. In the original papers some confusion might have resulted because the enhancement of signals had been reported three different ways. For ease in comparison these values have been recalculated as ratios of the signal studied compared to their aqueous solutions. For example a value of 1.10 could have previously been reported as a 10% enhancement or 110% of the aqueous signal.
Risk of proteinuria with the new angiogenesis inhibitor axitinib in patients with cancer.

439 Background: The use of axitinib, a potent inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), is associated with proteinuria, which may cause morbidity and treatment interruptions in cancer patients. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published clinical trials to assess the overall risk of severe proteinuria when treated with axitinib. Methods: Potentially relevant studies were identified by searching databases from PubMed and abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meetings until June 2012. Eligible studies included prospective clinical trials in cancer patients treated with axitinib containing data on all-grade and/or high-grade proteinuria. Summary incidence, relative risk (RR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the fixed- or random-effects models. Results: A total of 1,671 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and other solid tumors from 9 studies were included for analysis. The overall incidence ...
Robust gene expression changes in the ganglia following subclinical reactivation in rhesus macaques infected with simian varicella virus

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella during acute infection and establishes latency in the sensory ganglia. Reactivation of VZV results in herpes zoster, a debilitating and painful disease. It is believed that VZV reactivates due to a decline in cell-mediated immunity; however, the roles that CD4 versus CD8 T cells play in the prevention of herpes zoster remain poorly understood. To address this question, we used a well-characterized model of VZV infection where rhesus macaques are intrabronchially infected with the homologous simian varicella virus (SVV). Latently infected rhesus macaques were thymectomized and depleted of either CD4 or CD8 T cells to induce selective senescence of each T cell subset. After T cell depletion, the animals were transferred to a new housing room to induce stress. SVV reactivation (viremia in the absence of rash) was detected in three out of six CD8-depleted and two out of six CD4-depleted animals suggesting that both CD4 and CD8 T cells play a critical role in preventing SVV reactivation. Viral loads in multiple ganglia were higher in reactivated animals compared to non-reactivated animals. In addition, reactivation results in sustained transcriptional changes in the ganglia that enriched to gene ontology and diseases terms associated with neuronal function and inflammation indicative of potential damage as a result of viral reactivation. These studies support the critical role of cellular immunity in preventing varicella virus reactivation and indicate that reactivation results in long-lasting remodeling of the ganglia transcriptome.
Low-Field Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Compelling Case for Cardiac Magnetic Resonance's Future.

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is arguably unmatched in its ability to evaluate cardiovascular structure and function, to characterize myocardial tissue by a wide variety of mechanisms, and to quantitatively assess blood flow and perfusion without the use of radiation or the need for invasive catheterization. CMR research and development continues at a rapid pace both in academia and by commercial vendors, and every year, new techniques are put forth that improve on existing applications and provide new capabilities that further expand the clinical utility of this powerful modality. Real-time and single-shot techniques have made CMR feasible in patients with rhythm irregularities and inability to breath-hold. Ongoing development and regulatory approval of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) conditional pacemakers and implanted cardioverter defibrillators continues to grow the patient population amenable to CMR. Larger clinical trials are coming out that support the clinical value of CMR.1–3 Despite the advances in CMR technology over the past decades, the growing data supporting its effectiveness, and the increasing availability of both CMR-capable scanners and practitioners, the penetration of CMR into routine diagnostic cardiovascular imaging remains limited. It is clear that those involved in CMR research must not only engage in developing new and exciting applications made feasible by technological advances, but must also ask whether their technology will promote the routine clinical utilization of CMR beyond academic and isolated private centers. There are many factors at play in answering this question, but important considerations must be affordability and ease of use. A CMR system is one of the most expensive devices in the hospital, and the cost of the system scales with field strength. Prior to 2001, the highest field strength available for clinical MRI was 1.5T; however, recent years have witnessed an expanded utilization of 3T MRI that has been driven mainly …
A New Approach for STEM Teacher Scholarship Implementation

This research introduces an innovative approach for STEM teacher scholarship implementation. The purpose of this research is to introduce a new STEM teacher implementation model. This model will help recruit high-quality Noyce Scholars and retain and train them as effective STEM teachers. In this paper, we share the actual implementation experience of this strategy in the past three years for an existing STEM teacher education project funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF). In addition, we prove that this strategy is effective with two types of evidence. First, we use the survey data collected from over twenty-five STEM teacher candidates. Secondly, we report the actual interview data and student feedback and share the experiences learned from the NSF Noyce project.
Harold Agnew, physicist, atomic bomb Everyman

Harold Agnew (1921–2013) was etched into history at 8:16 AM on August 6, 1945, by the actinic flash of the Hiroshima explosion. He was a scientific observer in The Great Artiste, a B-29 flying immediately behind the Enola Gay. Smuggling aboard a contraband movie camera, Agnew recorded the only known motion picture of the event. One might argue that his destiny, or at any rate the course of his professional life, was also fixed by the flash.
The effect of relative spectacle magnification on aniseikonia.

PURPOSE The purpose of this article is to study the effects of modifying relative spectacle magnification to determine what effect this has on aniseikonia, binocularity, and visual comfort. METHODS A prospective analysis of 34 aniseikonic patients was undertaken. The etiology of aniseikonia varied from physiologically occurring to induced. Aniseikonic screening included manifest refraction, keratometry, axial length, Randot stereoacuity, associated phoria, and Keystone space eikonometry. A modified pair of spectacles was fabricated on the basis of magnification principles for iseikonic lenses. Each patient was also given a control pair of conventional spectacles. A 4-week trial period was allowed for each pair of spectacles, pertinent examination measurements were repeated, and a patient survey was administered. Data were analyzed by t-test and chi-square. RESULTS Modifying relative spectacle magnification reduced mean aniseikonic error by 1.06% (P < 0.0001). A difference was found between the control and modified spectacles for subjective reports of visual comfort, performance, and eye-strain (P < 0.05). There was no difference between the two groups for stereoacuity or cosmetic appearance of lenses. At the conclusion of the study, 93% of patients preferred the modified lenses in direct comparison. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that modification of lens designs to equalize relative spectacle magnification reduces aniseikonia and improves subjective comfort and performance of anisometropic spectacles.
A Note on the Balto-Slavic and Indo-European Background of the Proto-Slavic Adjective *svętъ ‘Holy’

The standard etymological explanation of the Proto-Slavic adjective * svetъ ‘holy, saint’ – a word of extreme literary, cultural and religious importance in the Slavic world – concentrates on the formal match with Lithuanian s ventas ‘id.’ and Avestan spəṇta ‑ ‘life-giving, holy’ (PIE * ḱwen ‑ to ‑ , from the root * ḱwen ‑ ). This article highlights the verbal formation seen in Latvian svinet svin svinẽjo ‘celebrate, venerate’, generally recognized as another reflex of the root * ḱwen ‑ in Balto-Slavic, but without due attention to the formal implications. It is argued that both in Av. and in BSl. the adjective spəṇta ‑ /* svetъ behaves as an item participating in the so-called ‘Caland System’ (a set of arbitrary morphological alternations reconstructible for Proto-Indo-European).
Modified Audit Reports, Executive Compensation and CEO Turnover

This paper shows that unfavourable audit reports cause significant falls in executive compensation. Economically, the effects are larger than accounting and market performance measures, and are particularly strong when: reports are modified for issues other than going-concern uncertainties; or, reports are newly modified. The first finding is consistent with the view that managers control the quality of financial reporting whereas going-concern uncertainties can arise due to exogenous changes in operating conditions. The second finding is consistent with prior evidence that newly modified reports signal more serious problems than repeated modified reports. Finally, there is a weak positive association between modified reports and CEO turnover. Overall, the results indicate that modified reports are costly to company executives.
N-Atom Ideal Gas

The previous Lecture considered a system containing one atom of an ideal gas. The purpose of this Lecture is to generalize the discussion to treat a system of N such atoms. We could have gone directly from Lecture 3 to the calculation below, and skipped Lecture 4 and the Aside. There would have been a pedagogical penalty; our first serious calculation would have involved 6N-dimensional integrals for. Lecture 4 already involved quite enough new ideas.
Laparoscopy and Liver Cancer

The proven application of laparoscopy in hepatic surgery is limited. Currently, anecdotal accounts and small series represent the experience of surgeons worldwide. Improving technology and surgical innovation may facilitate further expansion of laparoscopy in diagnostic and therapeutic hepatic surgery.
Distinguishing artificial and essential symmetry breaking in a single determinant: approach and application to the C60, C36, and C20 fullerenes.

We present a thorough analysis of symmetry breaking observed in Hartree-Fock (HF) solutions of the C60, C36, and C20 fullerenes in order to characterize the nature of electron correlation in them. Our analysis is based on (1) the critical regularization strength to restore symmetry breaking in the recently developed regularized orbital optimized second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (κ-OOMP2), (2) singlet-triplet gaps from various MP2 methods, and (3) natural orbital occupation numbers from restricted coupled-cluster with singles and doubles (RCCSD) and coupled-cluster valence bond with singles and doubles (CCVB-SD). Based on these three independent probes, we conclude that C36 (D6h) exhibits genuine strong correlation and symmetry breaking whereas C60 exhibits artificial HF symmetry breaking and is not strongly correlated. Investigating the critical regularization strength, we discuss strong correlation in C20 at the Jahn-Teller distorted geometries (C2h, D2h, Ci, and D3h) and the Ih geometry. Only C20 (Ih) was found to be strongly correlated while others exhibit artificial HF symmetry breaking. This analysis highlights a useful feature of the recommended κ-OOMP2 method. It is an electronic structure method that describes dynamic correlation, and attenuates strong correlation in MP2 towards zero by regularization. Therefore, κ-OOMP2 will exhibit symmetry breaking in its reference determinant only when correlation is strong (i.e., essential symmetry breaking). Artificial symmetry breaking (arising in HF due to neglect of dynamic correlation) thus appears to be removed in κ-OOMP2.
Postnatal weight gain and retinopathy of prematurity

Infants meeting retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening guidelines based on birth weight and gestational age undergo serial examinations by ophthalmologists for detection and treatment. However, less than 10% require treatment, and less than half develop ROP. Slow postnatal weight gain is highly predictive of ROP, and investigators have incorporated weight gain measures to develop more specific criteria for ROP screening. Such clinical prediction model use involves a large development study, validation studies specific to the target populations, and ongoing impact surveillance, with adjustment as necessary. Of the many weight gain inclusive prediction models intended to improve the precision of ROP screening, the Postnatal Growth and ROP (G-ROP) modified screening criteria were developed using the largest dataset and may provide the most robust model for clinical use. A recently completed G-ROP validation study will evaluate the generalizability of these modified criteria prior to clinical use.
Person Re-Identification for Mobile Robot using Online Transfer Learning

Person re-identification (re-ID) is generally a problem of identifying the same person using different person images captured by plural cameras that do not share a visual field. The main applications of person re-ID are systems for security, marketing and so forth in commercial facilities using monitoring cameras installed outside. While on the other hand, person re-ID for mobile robots can be defined as a problem of identifying the same person using different person images at different places captured by cameras mounted on robots. This paper proposes a person re-ID method for mobile robots that periodically provide services to specific groups. This method consists of the following two components: 1) a feature extractor that learns person feature representation based on Triplet Loss from person region detected by region-based CNN, 2) a person re-identifier that learns to identify persons using person images collected while a robot moves around a room. The person re-identifier incorporates adaptive transfer learning to periodically relearn the same persons with different appearance, e.g., clothes, directions, and postures. Performance of the proposed method is evaluated by experiments using a large open dataset and a self-made dataset periodically collected for the same group by a mobile robot.
Eradication of polymerase chain reaction detectable immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is associated with decreased relapse after autologous bone marrow transplantation

In B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), as in other B-cell malignancies, clonal rearrangement of the third complementarity determining region (CDR III) of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IgH) provides a useful marker for the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) after treatment. To determine the clinical utility of IgH polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we analyzed peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) samples from 25 patients with NHL with no PCR detectable chromosomal rearrangement who have undergone autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). Patients with histologic bone marrow infiltration at the time of bone marrow harvest were selected for study since this provided us with diagnostic tissue samples. As an initial strategy DNA was amplified using consensus variable (VH) and joining (JH) region primers. In those cases failing to amplify using consensus region primers, PCR was performed using a panel of VH family-specific framework region 1 (FR1) primers. The clonal products were directly sequenced. From the V-N-D region nucleotide sequences, clone specific probes were constructed and used for subsequent detection of MRD. A clonal PCR product could be PCR amplified and directly sequenced in 18 (72%, 90% confidence intervals 54%-86%) of these 25 patients, 8 with diffuse and 10 with follicular NHL. Eight of these 18 patients have relapsed after ABMT. All had detectable lymphoma cells before relapse and the sequence of the CDR III region at the time of relapse was identical to that obtained at the time of ABMT. All 10 patients who remain in complete remission from 18 to 36 months after ABMT had eradication of PCR detectable lymphoma cells after ABMT, although in three patients PCR detectable MRD was detected early after ABMT. We conclude that sequencing and the use of patient specific IgH CDR III oligonucleotides probes provides a simple and highly reliable method to determine the specificity of the IgH PCR technique. The clinical utility of this technique is demonstrated by the finding that eradication of PCR detectable lymphoma cells in these patients is associated with decreased relapse after ABMT (P = .0002).
Varicella meningitis with concomitant genital shingles in an adolescent

This case describes an uncommon presentation of herpes zoster in an adolescent with viral meningitis and concomitant genital shingles. A 15-year-old immunocompetent girl with background of well-controlled Graves' disease presented with 3 days of fever, frontal headache, terminal neck stiffness and photophobia. This was preceded by 4 days of pain and itch over vaginal and anal region. She had one dose of varicella vaccination at 18 months old and developed mild primary varicella infection around 5 years of age. Varicella zoster virus DNA was detected both in cerebrospinal fluid and in vesicles over her right labial majora. While there is no international consensus on the recommended duration of treatment for zoster with neurological complications, she was treated with intravenous acyclovir for 10 days with good clinical response. Her fever, headache and neck stiffness resolved after 2 days and genital lesions resolved after 9 days of antiviral therapy.
Disseminated Rosette-Forming Glioneuronal Tumor with Spinal Drop Metastasis, a Uniquely Aggressive Presentation of Rare Tumor

Background The rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) is a rare World Health Organization grade I tumor, most often originating in the fourth ventricle and characterized by a predominant glial component, as well as a neurocytic component. Despite its benign grading, there are a few documented cases of RGNT displaying more aggressive behavior with malignant characteristics. Case Description Herein, we describe a uniquely aggressive presentation of RGNT in a 49-year-old man initially presenting with obstructive hydrocephalus with lesions in the right frontal lobe, fourth ventricle, and left lateral ventricle. The patient was found to have 2 distinct intracranial entities: a right frontal meningioma and disseminated intraventricular RGNT. He underwent an anatomically limited resection of the fourth ventricular lesion with fourth ventricle−to-subarachnoid space shunting. His disease progressed thereafter, with diffuse intracranial dissemination and drop metastases in the lumbar spine. He was treated with craniospinal radiation and remains on palliative care 5 months after completion of radiotherapy. Conclusions This case supplements and complements the handful of published cases available documenting the evolution of a particularly aggressive case of disseminated RGNT.
The Windsor Teen Girls Wellness Group: Group Visits as an Adolescent Obesity Intervention

Background: Overweight female adolescents represent a particularly challenging and vulnerable population due to their increased risk for obesity-related diseases and the association of higher BMI with poor body image and low self-esteem. Reviews of various childhood obesity interventions have demonstrated that clinic-based wellness programs led by a multidisciplinary team are successful in sustaining behavior modification. We have observed the need for such an intervention among low-income, minority adolescent girls at the Windsor Health Center in Cambridge, MA. Objective: To implement and evaluate the impact of a wellness program targeting overweight …
Perceptions and outcomes of conventional vs. organic apple orchard management

Abstract Organic farming can improve soil quality and provide effective pest control with reduced inputs compared to conventional farming. Although organic and conventional farming are often viewed as dichotomous, they may overlap in pest management and soil quality goals and outcomes. Here, we assessed similarities and differences between conventional and organic apple orchards in Washington State by quantifying pesticide program risk to natural enemies, soil quality, leaf nitrogen, and abundance of woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum) and its natural enemies. We also interviewed orchard owners, managers, and consultants to learn about their practices and opinions of conventional and organic management for aphids and soil quality. Organic orchards used more insecticide applications than conventional orchards, but the insecticides used were rated as less harmful to natural enemies. Conventional and organic orchards had similar soil quality, pest abundance, and natural enemy abundance. Woolly apple aphid abundance was not correlated to soil, plant, or natural enemy measurements. Interviews revealed that management goals were similar in both systems. Overall, our results suggest that both conventional and organic styles of farming are heterogenous. For example, conventional farmers may simply follow recommendations for inputs of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides or go further by using some organic or integrated practices; at the same time, organic farmers can vary in their use of organically certified pesticide sprays and ecologically based management tactics. Our study suggests that integrated management strategies that use a mix of appropriate tactics may be more important than being strictly conventional or organic to achieve superior soil and pest management outcomes.
Development of a Compact, 240-kV, 10-J Impulse Generator for Mobile Platforms

This paper presents the design and characterization of a compact, low-cost, battery-powered, high- voltage impulse generator intended to produce nanosecond pulses for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. This modular system was developed in-house at the Army Research Laboratory and it consists of a 14.8-V to 30-kV charger, a 30-kV to 240-kV, 10-J Marx generator circuit, and an output UWB antenna. Designing high-voltage electronic systems with an emphasis on reduced size, weight, and power consumption (SWaP), while also achieving high-energy storage and fast pulse delivery, is challenging. This paper discusses some of the challenges encountered in designing compact high voltage power sources, and it provides preliminary results for the impulse generator’s system performance.
Special considerations for women with hidradenitis suppurativa.

Abstract Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating disease that manifests as painful nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts, and scars with a predilection for intertriginous sites. HS disproportionately affects women of childbearing age and often leads to impairments in patients’ health-related quality of life. Women with HS face unique challenges related to menstruation, pregnancy, and lactation that require additional strategies for optimization of management. Practical interventions include lifestyle modifications, treatment of premenstrual HS flares, enhancing HS management during pregnancy, and creating optimal delivery plans in collaboration with obstetricians. This discussion is based on expert recommendations and aims to highlight the special challenges for women with HS, as well as provide a practical discourse on optimizing care of female patients with HS.
STOCHASTIC PERTURBATION OF OPTICAL SOLITONS WITH QUADRATIC–CUBIC NONLINEAR REFRACTIVE INDEX

Abstract This work obtains mean free velocity of bright optical solitons in optical fibers that are studied with quadratic–cubic form of nonlinear refractive index. The perturbation terms are from multi–photon absorption, filters and stochastic effect. The Langevin equation is derived from soliton perturbation which lead to the mean free velocity of the soliton.
Integrating reproductive and sexual health education and services into opioid use disorder treatment programs: A qualitative study

Objectives Women with opioid use disorder (OUD) in the USA are at risk for poor reproductive and sexual health (RSH) outcomes. The qualitative research presented here is part of a larger mixed methods study. The qualitative component used an implementation science framework to investigate provider and staff perspectives regarding the integration of RSH education and services for reproductive-age women in opioid treatment programs (OTPs) in North Carolina. Methods Thirty-one semistructured interviews were conducted with providers and staff at 9 OTPs between November and December, 2017. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to assess multilevel implementation contexts (eg, patient, provider, organizational) to identify barriers and facilitators that might influence effective intervention implementation. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed to identify key themes. Deductive and inductive approaches were used. Results Barriers included transportation, childcare, and time constraints (patient-level), lack of communication between providers (provider-level), lack of political will, competing priorities, and shortages of available resources (organizational-level). Facilitators included a group education approach (patient-level), strong communication (provider-level), and a culture of collaboration (organizational-level). Conclusions Assessing determinants of implementation is important to the development of RSH interventions. CFIR constructs were found to be important influences that could facilitate or hinder effective implementation. Integration of RSH education and services is a process, and, when addressed in stages, might be feasible. A broad range of RSH education and services has the potential to have a profound impact on the health of women with OUD and their children, their families, and their communities.
Is “Response/No Response” Too Simple a Notion for RTI Frameworks? Exploring Multiple Response Types With Latent Profile Analysis:

We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a randomized control trial to explore this question: Does "response/no response" best characterize students' reactions to a generally efficacious first-grade reading program, or is a more nuanced characterization necessary? Data were collected on 265 at-risk readers' word reading prior to and immediately following program implementation in first grade and in spring of second grade. Pretreatment data were also obtained on domain-specific skills (letter knowledge, decoding, passage comprehension, language) and domain-general skills (working memory, non-verbal reasoning). Latent profile analysis of word reading across the three time points with controls as a local norm revealed a strongly responsive group (n = 45) with mean word-reading z scores of 0.25, 1.64, and 1.26 at the three time points, respectively; a mildly responsive group (n = 109), z scores = 0.30, 0.47, and 0.55; a mildly non-responsive group (n = 90), z scores = -0.11, -0.15, and -0.55; and a strongly non-responsive group (n = 21), z scores = -1.24, -1.26, and -1.57. The two responsive groups had stronger pretreatment letter knowledge and passage comprehension than the two non-responsive groups. The mildly non-responsive group demonstrated better pretreatment passage comprehension than the strongly non-responsive group. No domain-general skill distinguished the four groups. Findings suggest response to early reading intervention was more complicated than response/no response, and pretreatment reading comprehension was an important predictor of response even with pretreatment word reading controlled.
Assessing the efficacy of group model building workshops in an applied setting through purposive text analysis

Group model building (GMB) approaches have been shown to improve participants' understanding of complexity by shifting and aligning individuals' mental models of the interconnections within complex systems. However, reviews of GMB literature have identified knowledge gaps for assessing the efficacy of GMB activities. To address these gaps, these studies recommend assessing multiple cases, shifting from controlled to applied settings, and reporting on objective measures. We address each of these items by comparing the outputs of multiple community‐based GMB workshops to participants' mental models elicited through pre‐workshop interviews. Using purposive text analysis, we developed causal loop diagrams for comparison to a group workshop model. Through a quantitative analysis, we find that individuals convened in GMB workshops have greater alignment on factors, causal links, and feedback. We believe these contributions can help other GMB practitioners better assess the efficacy of their activities with more rigor and detail. © 2020 System Dynamics Society
NTCP modeling and dose-volume correlations for acute xerostomia and dry eye after whole brain radiation.

Whole brain radiation (WBRT) may lead to acute xerostomia and dry eye from incidental parotid and lacrimal exposure, respectively. We performed a prospective observational study to assess the incidence/severity of this toxicity. We herein perform a secondary analysis relating parotid and lacrimal dosimetric parameters to normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) rates and associated models. Patients received WBRT to 25–40 Gy in 10–20 fractions using 3D-conformal radiation therapy without prospective delineation of the parotids or lacrimals. Patients completed questionnaires at baseline and 1 month post-WBRT. Xerostomia was assessed using the University of Michigan xerostomia score (scored 0–100, toxicity defined as ≥ 20 pt increase) and xerostomia bother score (scored from 0 to 3, toxicity defined as ≥ 2 pt increase). Dry eye was assessed using the Subjective Evaluation of Symptom of Dryness (SESoD, scored from 0 to 4, toxicity defined as ≥ 2 pt increase). The clinical data were fitted by the Lyman–Kutcher–Burman (LKB) and Relative Seriality (RS) NTCP models. Of 55 evaluable patients, 19 (35%) had ≥ 20 point increase in xerostomia score, 11 (20%) had ≥ 2 point increase in xerostomia bother score, and 13 (24%) had ≥ 2 point increase in SESoD score. For xerostomia, parotid V10Gy–V20Gy correlated best with toxicity, with AUC 0.68 for xerostomia score and 0.69–0.71 for bother score. The values for the D50, m and n parameters of the LKB model were 22.3 Gy, 0.84 and 1.0 for xerostomia score and 28.4 Gy, 0.55 and 1.0 for bother score, respectively. The corresponding values for the D50, γ and s parameters of the RS model were 23.5 Gy, 0.28 and 0.0001 for xerostomia score and 32.0 Gy, 0.45 and 0.0001 for bother score, respectively. For dry eye, lacrimal V10Gy–V15Gy were found to correlate best with toxicity, with AUC values from 0.67 to 0.68. The parameter values of the LKB model were 53.5 Gy, 0.74 and 1.0, whereas of the RS model were 54.0 Gy, 0.37 and 0.0001, respectively. Xerostomia was most associated with parotid V10Gy–V20Gy, and dry eye with lacrimal V10Gy–V15Gy. NTCP models were successfully created for both toxicities and may help clinicians refine dosimetric goals and assess levels of risk in patients receiving palliative WBRT.
Memorable messages in times of uncertainty: communicative strategies to encourage motivation and connection

In times of uncertainty, the messages we receive can be long-lasting and influential. This study sought to understand what memorable messages students recalled receiving from their instructors at t...
Benzene Ring Knitting Achieved by Ambient-Temperature Dehalogenation via Mechanochemical Ullmann-Type Reductive Coupling

The current approaches capable of affording conjugated porous networks (CPNs) still rely on solution-based coupling reactions promoted by noble metal complexes or Lewis acids, on-surface polymerization conducted in ultrahigh-vacuum environment at very high temperatures (>200 °C), or mechanochemical Scholl-type reactions limited to electron-rich substrates. To develop simple and scalable approaches capable of making CPNs under neat and ambient conditions, herein, a novel and complementary method to the current oxidative Scholl coupling processes is demonstrated to afford CPNs via direct aromatic ring knitting promoted by mechanochemical Ullmann-type reactions. The key to this strategy lies in the dehalogenation of aromatic halides in the presence of Mg involving the formation of Grignard reagent intermediates. Products (Ph-CPN-1) obtained via direct CC bond formation between 1,2,4,5-tetrabromobenzene (TBB) monomer feature high surface areas together with mesoporous architecture. The versatility of this approach is confirmed by the successful construction of various CPNs via knitting of the corresponding aromatic rings (e.g., pyrene and triphenylene), and even highly crystalline graphite product was obtained. The CPNs exhibit good electrochemical performance as the anode material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This approach expands the frontiers of CPN synthesis and provides new opportunities to their scalable applications.