cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Invasion of red imported fire ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): microgeography of competitive replacement

The invasion of Brackenridge Field Laboratory, Austin, Texas, by the multiple-queen form of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, was monitored for 3 yr. This invasion provides a rare glimpse of competitive replacement in progress. It has been remarkable for two reasons. First, imported fire ant colonies replaced colonies of the native fire ant, Solenopsis geminata (F.), at a ratio of 6:1, indicating a radical restructuring of the arthropod community rather than a simple one-for-one substitution of an equivalent species. Secondly, the invasion proceeded at a very slow rate (about 35 m/yr) along a continuous front in a pattern best explained by colony budding and considerable biotic resistance from the native ant community. These data indicate that the invasion process may continue at the local level for years or even decades after the passage of the main invasion front.
Trapping White Ibises with rocket nets and mist nets in the Florida Everglades

We lured White Ibises (Eudocimus albus) to trap sites with decoy plastic flamingos and captured them with a rocket net or mist nets. Our ability to attract ibises to a site (and consequently our capture success) was affected by vegetation height and water depth but not by decoy numbers or their arrangement. Both the rocket net (37 ibises) and mist nets (97 ibises) caught birds. The number of birds captured per day was the same for both methods, but the rocket net trap captured more birds per set than did mist nets. Because mist nets were easy to reset we captured 1-2 birds per set multiple times in one day with mist nets. We preferred mist nets over rocket net traps because mist nets allowed for shorter bird processing times, greater ease of set up, and fewer safety considerations for transport and operation of the trap. Also, rocket nets required more equipment and expense. Although we discouraged other species from landing at a trap site, there was evidence that these techniques may also be useful for capturing other wading birds. SINOPSIS. Captura de ciguenas (Eudocimus albus) con redes de cohetes y redes de niebla en la Florida Atraimos ciguenas (Eudocimus albus) a lugares particulares utilizando senuelos de flamencos para atraparlas con redes de cohetes y con redes de niebla. Nuestra habilidad para atraer las aves a ciertas localidades fue afectada por la altura de la vegetacion, la profundidad del agua, pero no asipor el numero de senuelos y el arreglo de estos. Se atraparon 37 individuos con red de cohetes y 97 con las de niebla. El numero de aves atrapadas por dia fue similar para ambos tipos de redes. No obstante, la primera permitiom as aves por conjunto de estas. Dado el caso de que las redes de niebla son mas faciles de rearreglar capturamos de 1-2 aves por conjunto de puesta. Preferimos utilizar las redes de niebla ya que estas permiten el procesar estas mas rapidamente, son mas faciles de montar y necesitan menos consideraciones de cuidado para transportarlas y operarlas. Por otro lado las redes de cohetes requieren mas equipo y experiencia. Aunque virtualmente evitamos a otras especies, la tecnica de captura parece ser adecuada para otras especies vadeadoras.
Intelligent Visual Input: A Graphical Method for Rapid Entry of Patient-Specific Data

Abstract Intelligent Visual Input (IVI) provides a rapid, graphical method of data entry for both expert system interaction and medical record keeping purposes. Key components of IVI include: a high-resolution graphic display; an interface supportive of rapid selection, i.e., one utilizing a mouse or light pen; algorithm simplification modules; and intelligent graphic algorithm expansion modules. A prototype IVI system, designed to facilitate entry of physical exam findings, is used to illustrates the potential advantages of this approach.
Ambulatory Monitoring and Arrhythmic Outcomes in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Background Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) develop cardiac fibrosis and dilated cardiomyopathy. We described the frequency of significant Holter findings in DMD, the relationship between cardiac function and arrhythmia burden, and the impact of these findings on clinical management. Methods and Results A retrospective review was done of patients with DMD who received a Holter from 2010 to 2014. Clinical and arrhythmic outcomes were analyzed. Patients were classified based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF): ≥55%, 35% to 54% and <35%. Significant Holter findings included atrial tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation/flutter. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of significant Holter findings and change in care. The study included 442 Holters in 235 patients. Mean age was 14±4 years. Patients with cardiac dysfunction were older, and had increased late gadolinium enhancement and left ventricular dilation ( P <0.01). There were 3 deaths (1%), all with normal function and none cardiac. Patients with LVEF <35% had more arrhythmias including nonsustained atrial tachycardia ( P =0.01), frequent premature ventricular contractions, ventricular couplets/triplets, and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia ( P <0.001) compared to the other groups. LVEF <35% ( P <0.001) was the only predictor of clinically significant Holter finding. Four patients (40%) had change in medication in the LVEF <35% group compared to 9 (3%) in the ≥55% and 4 (4%) in the 35% to 54% groups ( P <0.001). Conclusions Sudden cardiac events are rare in DMD patients with an LVEF >35%. Significant Holter findings are rare in patients with DMD who have an LVEF >35%, and cardiac dysfunction appears to predict significant Holter findings. Holter monitoring is highest yield among DMD patients with cardiac dysfunction.
Shareholder nonparticipation in valuable rights offerings: New findings for an old puzzle

Shareholder participation in valuable domestic rights offerings averages only 64%, which is considerably lower than previously asserted. This causes wealth transfers from nonparticipating to participating shareholders that average 7% of the offering. Wealth transfers are larger in nontransferable and bigger offerings. The stock market reacts more negatively to larger wealth transfers. Offerings with lower shareholder participation also fall short in raising publicly stated capital goals. Rights offerings are far more common in countries with institutional practices that limit nonparticipating shareholders’ wealth losses. These findings suggest that agency conflicts influence the use of rights offers.
The Brazilian Swindle and The Larger International Monetary Problem

The IMF’s recent loan to Brazil is the best seen as a mechanism of political control rather than economic assistance, except in a very unsustainable short run. Thus hard choices between the priorities of Brazil’s working population and those of international creditors cannot be avoided. This essay explores policy options, and goes on to suggest that while the financial sector is certain to dominate American policy discussion in these matters, it would be wiser to view the larger national economic interest of the United States as aligned with those who advocate stable and sustainable national development in Brazil. JEL Classification: F34.
Fabrication of elliptical nanorings with highly tunable and multiple plasmonic resonances.

Herein, a new and facile patterning method is demonstrated for the scalable fabrication of gold elliptical rings (ERs) in a controlled manner over large areas. In this method, well-ordered hexagonally arrayed polystyrene (PS) rings, fabricated by colloidal lithography, were used as masters to generate poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stamps with circular apertures. The stamps were then stretched and utilized as molds for creating elliptical PS rings by a capillary filling process. Through subsequent reactive ion etching and chemical wet-etching, the elliptical PS rings could be readily transferred into an underlying gold film, leading to the formation of gold ERs. Since the aspect ratio (AR) of the elliptical PS rings could be controlled by varying the applied strain during the capillary filling process, gold ERs with different ARs could be fabricated in a scalable manner. The optical properties of the gold ERs were characterized by UV–vis/NIR and IR extinction measurements. The ERs exhibited only odd modes ...
The Influence of Preexcitation Syndrome on the Frontal QRS Axis and Horizontal Transitional Zone

Objective To discuss the influence of preexcitation syndrome on the frontal QRS axis and horizontal transitional zone.Methods 129 patients were confirmed to be single accessory pathway(AP) by radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA) and divided into 9 groups according to AP site:LA, LL, LP, RA, RL, RP,RAS, RMS, RPS. Results Compared with the ECG after ablation, (1) LA,LL,AP showed right axis deviation(P 0.01).LP,RL,RP,RMS,RPS,AP showed left axis deviation(RMS P0.05,rest P0.01).RA,RAS,AP showed no significant axis deviation (P0.05). (2)Manifested AP changed horizontal transitional zone. Conclusions Manifested AP can change the frontal QRS axis and horizontal transitional zone. The characteristics of the frontal QRS axis and horizontal transitional zone are related to the AP sites.
Ideas and Innovation in Shanghai World Expo Logo Design

The paper discusses the design of the Shanghai World Expo emblem of the morphological changes of the aesthetic design rules,explains the logo design development context.Shanghai World Expo logo design is presented by the cultural connotation,graphic creativity,artistic and philosophical ideas changed summarizes schema of contemporary logo design development of a new trend.
Experience with intermittent catheterization in chronic spinal cord injury patients.

AbstractIntermittent catheterization was used as a method to achieve reflex voiding and a catheter-free status in 111 chronic spinal cord injury patients. Of this group 70 patients achieved reflex (automatic) voiding within 90 days, or a mean of 19 days. Five patients required transurethral incision of the external urethral sphincter after achievement of automatic voiding because of elevated residual urine. Chronic urinary tract infection persisted in 16 per cent of the patients after completion of the program. No sequelae occurred because of the coexistent urinary tract infection. An 18-month followup disclosed stability in renal function and appearance of pyelograms. Urethral, scrotal and bladder complications secondary to chronic indwelling urethral catheters have been eliminated in these patients. Patient endorsement and enthusiasm have been spectacular and have overwhelmingly contributed to an ongoing, successful program.
An institutional assessment of antitrust policy : the Latin American experience

Foreword. Introduction. I. The Wellsprings of Latin American Competition Policy. 1. The Cultural Background of Anti-market Institutions in Latin America. 2. Neoclassical Market Competition: A Look into the Anatomy of Economic Utopia. II. Latin American Antitrust Policy: Utopia in Practice. 3. Monopoly Power Assessment. 4. Consumer Welfare Analysis. 5. Horizontal Mergers. 6. Horizontal Restraints. 7. Vertical Restraints. 8. Unilateral Restraints. 9. Antitrust Policy in Regulated Industries. III. Institutional Assessment of Latin American Antitrust Policy. 10. Rule Stability versus Antitrust Enforcement. 11. Latin American Competition Agencies: Renewed Government Interventionism. 12. Latin American Competition Advocacy: The Neglected Agenda. 13. Latin American Antitrust Policy in a Country-to-Country Perspective. 14. Conclusions: Overcoming the Antitrust Utopia. 15. Bibliography. Index of Figures. Index of Tables. Index of Cases. List of Statutes.
The Environment‐poverty Nexus in Evaluation: Implications for the Sustainable Development Goals

The article emphasizes the importance of evaluation in the context of sustainable development. It focuses on the so called environment-poverty nexus where issues of environmental conservation and management meet the social and economic development needs. Given the threats to the global environment and the forces of economic development that work against it, it is crucial that environmental policies, strategies, programmes and projects are designed and implemented in an effective manner producing lasting impacts. Evaluation is a central tool for analysing what works, why and under what circumstances to inform policy making and programme design. Environmental evaluation faces specific challenges due to the complex nature of the environment-poverty nexus. Based on a review of evaluation literature and practical experiences with evaluations conducted on the nexus in the international development arena, the article draws lessons for evaluating sustainable development. It concludes by suggesting that strong evaluation be built into the new Sustainable Development Goals.
Resolving the Structural Conversion, Aggregation and Neurotoxicity of Prion Proteins at the Single Molecule Level

Prion protein (PrP) misfolding and oligomerization are key pathogenic events in prion disease. When PrP misfolds, it imposes its structure upon natively folded proteins and templates their aggregation. The consequence of this self-amplifying cycle is an accumulation of toxic PrP aggregates that destroys neurons and invariably kill the organism. Copper exposure has been linked to prion pathogenesis, however, its mechanistic basis is unknown. Here we resolve, with single molecule precision, the molecular determinants of copper mediated PrP misfolding, oligomerization and neurotoxicity. Using a single molecule fluorescence assay, we demonstrate that copper induces PrP monomers to misfold before oligomer assembly; the intrinsically disordered N-terminal region is obligatory for this structural change. Single molecule force spectroscopy measurements show that the misfolded monomers have a 900 fold higher binding affinity which promotes their oligomerization. Using a cell-free seeding assay, we demonstrate that these oligomers, serve as seeds that template amyloid formation. Finally, using brain slice cultures, we show that the oligomers mediate inflammation and degeneration of neuronal tissue. Our study provides the first direct proof that copper misfolds PrP, subsequently promoting oligomerization and cytotoxicity.
Photonics for Packet-Optical Integration

Packet-optical integration collapses network layers for a more efficient and manageable transport networking experience. We explore the challenges behind increasingly dense and efficient opto-electronic interfaces, key blocks for these networks. Article not available.
Dosimetric analysis of Actinium-225 labeled anti-PD-L1 alpha particle radioimmunotherapy of melanoma cancer in an immunocompetent mouse model

635 Objectives In the immune checkpoint system the Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) is co-opted by tumor cells to suppress immune recognition of cancer. PD-L1 is expressed on tumor cells, tumor associated macrophages and other cells in the tumor microenvironment, which can inhibit the T-cell effector function. We have recently shown that anti-PD-L1 antibodies can be modified for radionuclide imaging in an immunocompetent pre-clinical model. The aim of this study was to investigate combined anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy and radionuclide therapy using the alpha particle emitting radionuclide Actinium-225 (225Ac) for melanoma cancer in a immunocompetent mouse model and to perform dosimetric analysis of tumor and limiting normal tissues. Methods Immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice were injected with one million B16F10 melanoma tumor cells in the right flank 10 days prior to treatment. The mice were injected in the tail vein with 18.9 kBq 225Ac labeled anti-PD-L1 antibodies (225Ac-anti-PD-L1) and euthanized 1, 24 and 72 hours post injection (p.i.). Tumors and normal tissues were removed and measured in a gamma well counter for the dosimetric analysis. In addition, tumor and normal tissues were frozen, cryo-sectioned and imaged using the α-Camera a quantitative digital autoradiography image system to determine the distribution and activity concentration of 225Ac-anti-PD-L1 on sub organ/tumor levels. Results The calculated mean absorbed radiation dose (from alpha-particle emissions) to the tumor was 3.8 Gy from 225Ac-anti-PD-L1. For the kidneys, which probably is the limiting normal tissue the calculated mean absorbed radiation dose (from alpha-particle emissions) was 2.0 Gy, with 1.3 Gy originating from 225Ac-anti-PD-L1 and 0.65 Gy from the unbound daughter radionuclide Bismuth-213 (213Bi). The α-Camera images showed 1 hour p.i. that the majority of 225Ac-anti-PD-L1 was located within the pelvis region of the kidneys, with a small uptake in medially situated proximal tubules. In the tumor a few hot spots were detected 1 hour p.i. with activity concentrations up to 2.5 times higher than compared with the average of the whole tumor. Hematological toxicity was not observed and the maximum tolerable dose (MTD) for tumor-free mice was greater than 18.9 kBq. Conclusions A relative high mean absorbed radiation dose was calculated to the tumor from 225Ac-anti-PD-L1 and in combination with the anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy could be an effective combination treatment. Concerning normal tissues a low mean absorbed radiation dose was calculated to the kidneys, but a heterogeneous activity distribution in combination with the alpha particles high relative biological effectiveness (RBE) could lead to later toxicity at the high administered activity used in this study.
Ethnic congruence of music and food affects food selection but not liking

Research investigating whether hearing a particular type of ethnic music will influence people to choose food from that same culture has found mixed results. Some studies found that when given a selection of different ethnic foods subjects were more likely to choose the food that was typical of the culture whose music was playing. Other studies have found no effect. The present study investigated the effect of instrumental Italian or Spanish music played in a university dining hall on the selection of either an Italian (chicken parmesan) or a Spanish (seafood paella) entree. On two different nights both the Italian and Spanish entree were available and students could select from those two entrees or other food choices. Italian music was played on one night and Spanish on another. The number of people who chose the two entrees was recorded on both nights. In addition, the hedonic ratings of the two entrees were obtained when either congruent or incongruent music was being played during the meal. On both nights more people chose the chicken parmesan than chose the seafood paella. However, there was a significant effect of the music on food choice. A significantly greater proportion of diners selected the paella over the chicken parmesan on the night when the Spanish music was played (34%) than on the night when the Italian music was played (17%). There was no effect of the type of music on liking for the food, possibly because the music was not as loud where diners were eating as where they ordered.
Industry session I: Challenges for package electrical design and analysis in a connected world

With the advancement of Internet of Things and 5G technologies, the amount of data transfer in the world is expected to increase more than an order of magnitude within the next decade. Faced with such demand, systems architectures and designs from hand-held devices to high performance computing servers have to advance accordingly to provide an acceptable user experience. One area in system design where this paradigm shift is having a profound impact is packaging where both the system memory and the high speed SerDes bandwidth requirements result in distinct sets of challenges. This presentation will address some of these challenges and give examples of solutions in terms of emerging package architectures and technologies. Coupled with the same problem is the need for improved electrical design and analysis methods and tools. Examples of today's package electrical analysis challenges together with some proposed solution directions for both the EDA industry and the academic research community will be presented.
Perspectives in Psychology: XXIII Definition of Opinion, Attitude and Belief

Redefinition of the terms opinion, attitude, and belief is recommended to fit operational possibilities. Opinions are synthetic self-referent statements which can be composed for a Q-sample; a Q-sort models a person’s attitude of mind about a situation. Factors are attitudes of mind held in common by many people. Their explanation reaches into latent belief-systems, requiring explanation in psychodynamic terms. Thus, there may be innumerable opinions, few attitudes of mind, and very few belief-systems. Attitudes of mind are immediate and concern self-psychology; beliefs are early internalizations and concern ego-psychology.
Tumor-to-Nipple Distance as a Predictor of Nipple Involvement: Expanding the Inclusion Criteria for Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy.

Background:A tumor-to-nipple distance of greater than 2 cm has traditionally been considered a criterion for nipple-sparing mastectomy. This study evaluates whether magnetic resonance imaging and sonographic measurements of tumor-to-nipple distance accurately reflect the risk of nipple involvement b
Continuous ambient lighting and eye growth in primates.

PURPOSE. To determine the effect of continuous light exposure on ocular growth and emmetropization in infant monkeys. METHODS. Nine infant rhesus monkeys were reared with the normal vivarium lights on continuously. The 24-hour light cycle was initiated between 1 and 4 weeks of age and maintained for 6 months. The ocular effects of continuous light were assessed by cycloplegic retinoscopy, keratometry, and A-scan ultrasonography. Longitudinal control data were obtained from 23 normal infants that were reared with an illumination cycle that included defined light and dark phases (either 12-hour light:12-hour dark or 8.5-hour light: 15.5 hour dark). RESULTS. In contrast to previous studies involving light-reared chickens, no monkeys exhibited exaggerated ocular growth. There were no significant differences between treated and control monkeys in corneal radius, overall eye size, or the axial dimensions of individual ocular components. At the end of the treatment period, eight of the nine experimental monkeys also exhibited the moderate hyperopic errors (range, 11.5 to 13.4 D) that are typically found in normal animals. Aspects of emmetropization were, however, unusual for three monkeys. One monkey manifested a 20.50 D myopic error that was associated with an abnormally steep cornea but had normal axial lengths. Two additional monkeys developed persistent axial anisometropias. CONCLUSIONS. In infant primates constant light exposure does not promote the constellation of ocular changes (in particular corneal flattening, a decrease in anterior chamber depth, and an increase in vitreous chamber depth) that has been observed in light-reared chickens. The slight variations from the expected developmental sequence observed in three infants may reflect individual differences. However, it is also possible that aspects of the emmetropization process may not operate as effectively under constant light as they do under an ordinary light/dark cycle. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42: 1146 ‐1152)
Judaism in Newton’s Church History

The same government was propagated from the Jews to the converted Gentiles, the name of Synagogues being changed to that of Churches, & the name of chief Rulers & Princes of the Synagogues into that of Presidents & Bishops. (Newton, “Irenicum,” Keynes MS. 3, p. 21)
The N-glucuronidation of xenobiotics. An aspet-supported symposium held at the 1996 faseb meeting in washington, dc

If you were to ask people about the most common phase 2 metabolic pathway, most would respond with glucuronidation, and probably what they’d have in mind was O -glucuronidation. That the N -glucuronidation of xenobiotics takes place has never been in dispute, but its frequency and importance has
Consolidation Radiation Therapy for Patients With Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma in Complete Metabolic Response According to PET-CT or Gallium Imaging.

Abstract Introduction The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of consolidation radiation therapy (RT) in advanced Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in the setting of a complete metabolic response (CR) to chemotherapy (ChT). Patients and Methods Patients with stage III/IV HL treated with ChT alone or combined modality therapy (CMT) between 1992 and 2012 were reviewed. Only patients in a CR according to positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) or gallium imaging were included. Clinical end points were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and a multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model was performed. Results Ninety patients were identified (46 CMT; 44 ChT alone). Median follow-up was 50 months. ChT (median 6 cycles) consisted primarily of ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine; 74%) or an ABVD hybrid (10%). Post-ChT imaging consisted of PET-CT (71%) or gallium (29%). RT plans primarily included all initially involved sites of disease with a median dose of 21 Gy (range, 13-31 Gy). CMT was associated with improved 5-year progression-free survival (PFS; 88% vs. 65%, respectively; P P = .002) compared with ChT alone. In multivariate analysis, age younger than 45 years (hazard ratio [HR], 0.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.07-0.74; P = .013) and CMT (HR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.11-0.96; P = .04) were independently associated with improved PFS. Secondary malignancies were comparable in both cohorts (5 with CMT, 4 with ChT), whereas cardiac events were slightly more frequent with CMT (5 vs. 2). Conclusion Low-dose RT, administered to all sites of original involvement, was associated with improved PFS, even in the setting of a metabolic CR after ABVD.
1 – Understanding our kinship with animals: input for health care professionals interested in the human/animal bond

Publisher Summary This chapter provides with a basic foundation to appreciate and understand this unique kinship with all living creatures but also to discover the roots to the overwhelming growing interest in animal-assisted intervention (AAI) and also helps solidify and clarify how the benefits witnessed within this unique bond have prompted numerous professionals to become more curious about the advantages of animal-assisted interventions. Numerous interventions have developed employing a strong belief that relationships with animals contribute to the well-being of people. Their clinical interests stem from their personal convictions and attractions to animals, while others are driven because of their perceived perception that animals may provide a useful alternative for clinical application. The interest in the human/animal connection is heightened in the past few decades as a direct result of mainstream media's and the popular press's coverage of the impact of animals on humans' lives. The essence of case study provided in this chapter portrays how important animals can become in the lives of many, including those with terminal illnesses. A rationale is presented describing the potential benefits to the human/animal connection. It also provides an explanation that could help to understand why some clients are enamored with their pets.
INCOMPATIBILITY OF IncFII R PLASMID NR1

ABSTRACT The region of the IncFII R plasmid NR1 which is sufficient for autonomous replication consists of two adjacent PstI fragments of sizes 1.1 and 1.6 kilobases (kb). The origin of DNA replication has been mapped within the Pst I 1.6 kb fragment (1,2,3). Previously it has been shown that the functions of incompatibility, copy number control and is a target site for incompatibility reside on the Pst I 1.1 kb fragment (4,5). We now describe experiments in which the lacZ gene has been cloned adjacent to the incompatibility region such that beta-galactosidase is produced as a result of transcription which originates in the incompatibility region and proceeds toward the origin of replication. Higher levels of beta-galactosidase were produced if the incompatibility region used was derived from the copy mutants pRR12 or pRR21 rather than from NR1. The amount of this transcription was found to decrease when extra copies of the incompatibility region were introduced into cell. The control of this transcription may, therefore, be a feature of the incompatibility mechanism of NR1.
CHAPTER 4 – Reproductive Growth

Publisher Summary This chapter emphasizes the reproductive growth of fruit- and cone-bearing plants. Production of fruits and cones requires successful completion of each of several sequential phases of reproductive growth including initiation of floral primordia, flowering, pollination, and fertilization as well as growth and ripening of fruits and cones. Reproductive growth usually is negatively correlated with the amount of vegetative growth. Biennial bearing occurs commonly and in some species is associated with variations in production of flower buds. In other species biennial bearing results from abscission of flower buds during the year that a heavy crop of fruit is produced. Flowering periodicity varies within and between years. Most deciduous broadleaved trees of the temperate zone initiate flower buds in the summer or autumn before the spring in which the flowers open. The actual time of floral induction is modified by weather, site conditions, and management practices. Flowering periodicity in the tropics is diverse and varies among species and site. Extended flowering plants produce few flowers per day but continue to flower for months and even throughout the year. Mass flowering plants produce many flowers per day but bloom for only a short time. Flowering patterns often vary among life forms in the same ecosystem and between male and female plants of the same species.
CORBA: The Common Object Request Broker Architecture

Client/server computing can be recast into an object-oriented model in ways that greatly simplify application development. Here we focus on a key technology that had an unusually large influence on the emergence of the cloud: CORBA, a powerful object oriented standard that lives on within frameworks like the Java runtime environment or Microsoft’s .NET framework.
The Fighting Irish: Historical Archaeology of Nineteenth-Century Catholic Immigrant Experiences in South Bend, Indiana

Father Edward Sorin purchased land south of the University of Notre Dame in north central Indiana in the 1850s and created a residential neighborhood for Catholic immigrants, many of whom were Irish. The university’s 2007 archaeological field school began investigating the homelots that comprised this immigrant enclave, known as Sorinsville. Specifically, this study seeks to understand how affiliation with the university shaped use of the spatial and material worlds of late-19th- and early-20th-century Irish immigrants to the city. The archaeological and historical evidence from South Bend illuminates a complex picture that suggests Irish immigrants experienced both alienation from, and incorporation into their new social and cultural milieus. For the immigrants south of Notre Dame’s campus, being Catholic was as important to their identities and lived experiences as being Irish.
Marketplace Coverage and Limited Access to Care Among Employed Beneficiaries? Evidence From Ohio

This article examines the initial effect of Affordable Care Act (ACA) Health Insurance Marketplace (Exchange) insurance on access to care among employed beneficiaries in a highly populated US state. Does Exchange insurance lead to better/worse health care access for employed beneficiaries, compared with similar individuals covered through standard employer-sponsored insurance (ESI) coverage? This retrospective study uses data from the 2015 Ohio Medicaid Assessment Survey, a dual-frame and computer-assisted telephone survey administered by the Ohio Colleges of Medicine Graduate Resource Center, the Ohio Department of Medicaid, the Ohio Department of Health, and Ohio State University, in conjunction with RTI International. This study examines a sub-sample of employed adults (age 18-64) covered by either an Exchange plan or ESI, extracted from the full sample of n = 42 876. We use linear propensity score matching using Euclidean distance to balance treatment groups and logistic regression models to estimate the treatment effect of Exchange coverage on all outcome variables. McNemar tests, Rosenbaum sensitivity analysis, and Benjamini-Hochberg procedure adjustments are also conducted. Compared with ESI insurance, Exchange insurance has no significant effect on outcomes measuring either perceived access to care or, more specifically, perceived financial barriers to accessing care. Exchange plan viability remains a hot topic of debate across the United States, given the potential repeal of the individual mandate. We use risk-adjustment methods to demonstrate that Exchange plan beneficiaries do not experience worse access to care than ESI beneficiaries. That said, several key limitations are discussed.
Coemergence of Dirac and multi-Weyl topological excitations in pnictide antiperovskites

The relatively unexplored family of pnictide-based antiperovskites has been shown to harbor prospects for topological phases. Using the example of ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{3}\mathrm{BiP}$, we demonstrate a cascade of phases as the initial cubic symmetry is broken successively. Initially a small-gap ${Z}_{2}$ topological insulator, spin-orbit coupling leads to band re-ordering resulting in a topological semimetal phase. Compressive uniaxial (001) strain leads back to a small-gap ${Z}_{2}$ topological insulator, with the expected gapless boundary modes. Tensile (001) strain leaves the system with a pair of Dirac points along $(0,0,\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{k}_{\ensuremath{\circ}})$ pinning the Fermi level, producing an unusual double meniscus of connected Fermi arcs on the (100) and (010) surfaces. Finally, breaking time-reversal symmetry by an applied Zeeman field produces a new phase with a pair of multi-Weyl nodes (massive or massless depending on direction, conventionally called semi-Dirac in two-dimensional systems) simultaneous with a sister pair of Dirac modes along each $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{k}_{z}$ axis, combining to pin the Fermi level in the close vicinity of these varied single-particle excitations.
Fabrication of vertical alignment liquid crystal cell without forming a conventional polyimide-alignment layer

A novel preparation method of the vertical alignment polymer film (VAPF) was proposed by polymerisation of the monomers, 2,3-difluoro-4ʹ-[2-(diacryloyl-oxy-hexyl)methyl ester-hexadecyl-oxy]-bipheny...
Abstract 987: Glycoengineered MSCs for targeting platinum resistant ovarian tumors

Tumor-targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics can improve efficacy while mitigating their debilitating side effects. However, current drug delivery approaches rely on inefficient passive accumulation of delivery systems in the tumor and suffer from significant non-specific distribution. Here, we propose a novel two-step tumor targeting strategy that can improve delivery of cytotoxic agents to both primary tumor as well as metastatic lesions, resulting in effective tumor inhibition. This strategy involves introduction of non-natural targets in the tumor tissue via glycoengineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs expressing targetable synthetic azide groups) followed by the delivery of drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (surface functionalized with dibenzyl cyclooctyne; DBCO) that have high affinity for these synthetic targets. DBCO surface functionalized, paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded nanoparticles (DBCO-PTX NP; 17.6% w/w PTX; diameter 313.7 ± 13 nm; and zeta potential -12.5 ± 1.9 mV) were formulated using poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) polymer by emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Glycoengineered MSCs (MSC-Az) were generated by culturing MSCs in N-azidoacetylmannosamine-tetraacylated supplemented media without affecting their viability or tumor homing properties. Binding of MSC-Az to DBCO-PTX NP was confirmed with confocal microscopy and flow cytometry analysis. Anticancer efficacy of two-step targeting strategy was evaluated in murine model of platinum-resistant orthotopic ovarian C200-luc tumors. Treatment with MSC-Az + DBCO-PTX nanoparticles resulted in significant inhibition of the tumor growth (p Citation Format: Buddhadev Layek, Drishti Sehgal, Jayanth Panyam, Swayam Prabha. Glycoengineered MSCs for targeting platinum resistant ovarian tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 987.
Abstract 2771: Identification of novel genes associated with metastasis from TCGA transcriptomic data

Introduction: Many cancer patients suffer from metastasis in bone, brain, liver and lung. However, understanding of metastasis in molecular level is quite limited. To improve survival rate and quality of life, preventing metastasis is crucial. In this study, we analyzed transcriptomic data with tumor node metastasis (TNM) classification from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify genes associated with metastasis. Method: TCGA samples in 20 solid tumor types with both transcriptome and TNM annotation data are used. To obtain the best cut point separating cohorts of high and low gene expression, Hothorn and Lausen’s method is used. A contingency table is created with expression separated by the the cut point and presence of staging T, N, M for each gene. Association between the staging category and the gene was calculated with Fisher’s exact test. Results: In total, 13,220 distinct genes including miRNAs are associated with either lymph node or distant metastasis for some cancer types with a loose criteria of p-value Conclusions: This study created comprehensive list of metastasis associated genes for the 20 solid tumors in TCGA. They would be useful as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers; however, we found therapeutically relevant genes such as PLK1, AURKB, MET, MELK, CDK1, BUB1, and PBK. Some adhesion molecules associated with a particular cancer type might explain its organ destination preference. Among distant metastatic miRNAs discovered, metastasis promoting miRNAs in high abundance might be engaged in homing as exosomal miRNAs by reprogramming destination niche in favor of migrating tumor cells. Further work to reveal metastasis mechanism and to discover some pharmaceutical agents to prevent metastasis will be conducted. Citation Format: Takahiko Koyama, Laxmi Parida. Identification of novel genes associated with metastasis from TCGA transcriptomic data [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2771.
LDL receptor related protein 1 requires the I3 domain of discs-large homolog 1/DLG1 for interaction with the kinesin motor protein KIF13B

Abstract KIF13B, a kinesin-3 family motor, was originally identified as GAKIN due to its biochemical interaction with human homolog of Drosophila discs-large tumor suppressor (hDLG1). Unlike its homolog KIF13A, KIF13B contains a carboxyl-terminal CAP-Gly domain. To investigate the function of the CAP-Gly domain, we developed a mouse model that expresses a truncated form of KIF13B protein lacking its CAP-Gly domain (KIF13BΔCG), whereas a second mouse model lacks the full-length KIF13A. Here we show that the KIF13BΔCG mice exhibit relatively higher serum cholesterol consistent with the reduced uptake of [3H]CO-LDL in KIF13BΔCG mouse embryo fibroblasts. The plasma level of factor VIII was not significantly elevated in the KIF13BΔCG mice, suggesting that the CAP-Gly domain region of KIF13B selectively regulates LRP1-mediated lipoprotein endocytosis. No elevation of either serum cholesterol or plasma factor VIII was observed in the full length KIF13A null mouse model. The deletion of the CAP-Gly domain region caused subcellular mislocalization of truncated KIF13B concomitant with the mislocalization of LRP1. Mechanistically, the cytoplasmic domain of LRP1 interacts specifically with the alternatively spliced I3 domain of DLG1, which complexes with KIF13B via their GUK-MBS domains, respectively. Importantly, double mutant mice generated by crossing KIF13A null and KIF13BΔCG mice suffer from perinatal lethality showing potential craniofacial defects. Together, this study provides first evidence that the carboxyl-terminal region of KIF13B containing the CAP-Gly domain is important for the LRP1-DLG1-KIF13B complex formation with implications in the regulation of metabolism, cell polarity, and development.
Galaxy power spectrum multipoles covariance in perturbation theory

This paper presents a perturbative calculation of the power spectrum covariance matrix in the context of the large-scale galaxy redshift survey, including all relevant physical and observational effects. It estimates the matrix using the standard FKP estimator, providing a thorough and correct derivation of all the effects at the tree level in the trispectrum and updating some previously reported numerical factors.
1457 Laparoscopic Single Port Uterine Ovarian Ligament Plication and Ovarian Fixation

Video Objective To demonstrate the technique of ovarian fixation and uterine ovarian ligament plication using single port laparoscopy. Setting This is a 25 year old Gravida 0 who presents with a history of worsening left lower quadrant pain. Patient's history is significant for prior left ovarian torsion x 2 requiring laparoscopic intervention. Interventions This video demonstrates the first single port laparoscopic uteroovarian ligament plication and ovarian fixation using techniques in which the needle is positioned in different orientations to overcome limited angles of attack seen in single port surgery. The ovarian fixation is done in a way previously described in multiport laparoscopic surgery but not before in single port surgery. Novel knot tying techniques demonstrated as well. Conclusion Single port laparoscopy can be used in advanced laparoscopic procedures such as uteroovarian ligament plication and ovarian fixation.
Title: ITGuru - a powerful network simulation environment for teaching and research

ITGuru is a powerful simulation environment developed by OpNET Corporation. ITGuru is unique because of its ability to model the entire network, including its routers, switches, protocols, servers, and the individual applications they support. ITGuru improves network designers and instructors the ability to identify and solve problems throughout their network. ITGuru assesses application impact, automates diagnostic testing, expedites server capacity planning and consolidation, analyzes failure impact, and enables network growth planning
An Optimized Full-Length FLT3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody Demonstrates Potent Anti-leukemia Activity and Reversible Hematological Toxicity.

FLT3 (FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3), expressed on the surface of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts, is a promising AML target, given its role in the development and progression of leukemia, and its limited expression in tissues outside the hematopoietic system. Small molecule FLT3 kinase inhibitors have been developed, but despite having clinical efficacy, they are effective only on a subset of patients and associated with high risk of relapse. A durable therapy that can target a wider population of AML patients is needed. Here, we developed an anti-FLT3-CD3 immunoglobulin G (IgG)-based bispecific antibody (7370) with a high affinity for FLT3 and a long half-life, to target FLT3-expressing AML blasts, irrespective of FLT3 mutational status. We demonstrated that 7370 has picomolar potency against AML cell lines in vitro and in vivo. 7370 was also capable of activating T cells from AML patients, redirecting their cytotoxic activity against autologous blasts at low effector-to-target (E:T) ratio. Additionally, under our dosing regimen, 7370 was well tolerated and exhibited potent efficacy in cynomolgus monkeys by inducing complete but reversible depletion of peripheral FLT3+ dendritic cells (DCs) and bone marrow FLT3+ stem cells and progenitors. Overall, our results support further clinical development of 7370 to broadly target AML patients.
Polyphenols suppress inducible oxidative stress in human osteoarthritic and bovine chondrocytes

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) have been implicated in chondrocyte senescence and cartilage aging, pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), and rheumatoid arthritis. Naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds (PPCs), such as curcumin (turmeric), resveratrol (grape), and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) (green tea), have been known for their anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects. However, the potential protective effects of these PPCs against oxidative stress in chondrocytes are unclear. To investigate this, bovine articular chondrocytes and human osteoarthritic chondrocytes were pre-treated with PPCs at varying concentrations, and then exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an ROS inducer or S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) as a NO donor. Alternatively, chondrocytes were co-treated with polyphenols and H2O2. Intracellular ROS/NO were measured using a fluorescent dye technique (H2DCF-DA for ROS; DAF-FM for NO). Our findings showed that PPC pre-/co-treatment inhibited both H2O2-induced ROS and SNAP-induced NO at different concentrations in both bovine chondrocytes and human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Curcumin also increased glutathione peroxidase activity in the presence of H2O2 in bovine chondrocytes. Taken together, these findings indicate that PPCs are capable of suppressing oxidative stress- induced responses in chondrocytes, which may have potential therapeutic value for OA clinical application.
Minor change in initial PEEP setting decreases rates of ventilator-associated events in mechanically ventilated trauma patients.

Background Surveillance of ventilator-associated events (VAEs) as defined by the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) is performed at many US trauma centers and considered a measure of healthcare quality. The surveillance algorithm relies in part on increases in positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) to identify VAEs. The purpose of this cohort study was to evaluate the effect of initiating mechanically ventilated trauma patients at marginally higher PEEP on incidence of VAEs. Methods Analysis of level-1 trauma center patients mechanically ventilated 2+ days from 2017 to 2018 was performed after an institutional ventilation protocol increased initial PEEP setting from 5 (2017) to 6 (2018)cm H2O. Incidence of VAEs per 1000 vent days was compared between PEEP groups. Logistic regression modelling was performed to evaluate the impact of the PEEP setting change adjusted to account for age, ventilator days, injury mechanism and injury severity. Results 519 patients met study criteria (274 PEEP 5 and 245 PEEP 6). Rates of VAEs were significantly reduced among patients with initial PEEP 5 versus 6 (14.61 per 1000 vent days vs. 7.13 per 1000 vent days; p=0.039). Logistic regression demonstrated that initial PEEP 6 was associated with 62% reduction in VAEs. Conclusions Our data suggest that an incrementally increased baseline PEEP setting was associated with a significantly decreased incidence of VAEs among trauma patients. This minor change in practice may have a major impact on a trauma center’s quality metrics. Level of evidence IV.