cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Educating patients with diabetes: comparison of nutrient-based and exchange group methods

This study compared the effectiveness of a nutrient-based (diet guide) approach with that of a food-group (exchange lists) approach to menu planning for persons with noninsulin-dependent diabetes. Each method was presented to four groups in three-session workshops emphasizing meal planning to reduce risk of heart disease. The diet guide method evaluated menus specifically for calories, source of calories, cholesterol, fiber, sodium, and key vitamins and minerals. Of 105 subjects recruited, 97 completed the workshops and 83 the 6-month follow-up. Subjects responded positively to the diet guide method, finding it as easy to use as the exchange lists method. Menu planning and evaluation initially took longer using the diet guide than the exchange group method (25 vs. 16 minutes per day), but subjects indicated that time was well spent. Also, with practice, the time required to use the diet guide method decreased to 17 minutes per day. Both diet-education programs improved attitude and knowledge regarding diabetes, diet, and nutrition, with retention of knowledge gained for up to 6 months. Increases in applied nutrition knowledge scores were significantly greater, however, for diet guide than for exchange lists subjects both 3 months (24% vs. 15% increase) and 6 months postworkshop (15% vs. 8% increase). We conclude that the diet guide method can effectively serve as an alternative menu-planning system to exchange lists for patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes who have at least a high school education.
A conversation between Johnese Spisso and Johannes Czernin

During the second week of April, Johannes Czernin, MD, editor-in-chief of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine , talked about COVID-19 response with Johnese Spisso, MPA, President of University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Health, CEO of the UCLA Hospital System, and Associate Vice Chancellor of
Macrophage Tropism in Pathogenic HIV-1 and SIV Infections

Most myeloid lineage cells express the receptor and coreceptors that make them susceptible to infection by primate lentiviruses (SIVs and HIVs). However, macrophages are the only myeloid lineage cell commonly infected by SIVs and/or HIVs. The frequency of infected macrophages varies greatly across specific host and virus combinations as well as disease states, with infection rates being greatest in pathogenic SIV infections of non-natural hosts (i.e., Asian nonhuman primates (Asian NHPs)) and late in untreated HIV-1 infection. In contrast, macrophages from natural SIV hosts (i.e., African NHPs) are largely resistant to infection due to entry and/or post-entry restriction mechanisms. These highly variable rates of macrophage infection may stem from differences in the host immune environment, entry and post-entry restriction mechanisms, the ability of a virus to adapt to efficiently infect macrophages, and the pleiotropic effects of macrophage-tropism including the ability to infect cells lacking CD4 and increased neutralization sensitivity. Questions remain about the relationship between rates of macrophage infection and viral pathogenesis, with some evidence suggesting that elevated levels of macrophage infection may contribute to greater pathogenesis in non-natural SIV hosts. Alternatively, extensive infection of macrophages may only emerge in the context of high viral loads and immunodeficiency, making it a symptom of highly pathogenic infections, not a primary driver of pathogenesis.
Bi-directional streaming of particles accelerated at the STEREO-A shock on 2008 March 9

We present an interpretation of anisotropy and intensity of supra-thermal ions near a fast quasi-perpendicular reverse shock measured by Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory Ahead (ST-A) on 2008 March 9. The measured intensity profiles of the supra-thermal particles exhibit an enhancement, or ‘spike’, at the time of the shock arrival and pitch-angle anisotropies before the shock arrival are bi-modal, jointly suggesting trapping of near-scatter-free ions along magnetic field lines that intersect the shock at two locations. We run test-particle simulations with pre-existing upstream magnetostatic fluctuations advected across the shock. The measured bi-modal upstream anisotropy, the nearly field-aligned anisotropies up to ∼15 min upstream of the shock, as well as the ‘pancake-like’ anisotropies up to ∼10 min downstream of the shock are well reproduced by the simulations. These results, in agreement with earlier works, suggest a dominant role of the large-scale structure (100s of supra-thermal proton gyroradii) of the magnetic field in forging the early-on particle acceleration at shocks.
Characterizing Non-Stationary Millimeter-Wave Communication Using Fuzzy Entropy

A fuzzy entropy has been proposed to characterize the non-stationary behavior of the continuous millimeter-wave channel. When the receiver and transmitter's relative speed is low, millimeter-wave channel varies smoothly, and the channel realizations are locally correlated. The correlation between the channels can be determined by measuring the spectral overlap between them. The correlation dimension is directly proportional to the transmitter and receiver mobility and the non-stationary event that the channel experiences. In this paper, first, we characterize the spectral overlap between the channels using Channel Matrix Distance, and the sequence of measurements is constructed accordingly. Then, Fuzzy Entropy (FE) is used to detect the irregularity in the spectral overlap sequence. The FE method assigns a continuous grade between zero and one to the input data, where one means there is no irregularity in the data and zero means the irregularity has been detected in the data. We show that the FE can discriminate the blockage event from the other events that cause the non-stationary behavior. We present the numerical results to evaluate different aspects of the FE method.
Web Scraping of COVID-19 News Stories to Create Datasets for Sentiment and Emotion Analysis

ABSTRACT Over the past few years, the ubiquitous usage of internet to broadcast information worldwide, has proved to be one of the best methods in making people aware about their surroundings. This has also led towards storage of vast amount of data in user interactive websites. Several news channels apart from live streaming, are using internet in such ways to convey their information. And these methods have not only benefited people to acquire regular updates but have also impacted their lives in many ways during the world awakening pandemic like COVID-19. Currently, in this pandemic situation, many leaders including federal and state government officials have shown great concern towards society by providing statements such as preventive measures, which were regularly recorded and elaborated in the form of stories by the news channels in their own websites. But, in general, the type of statement given by a leader will always affect people's opinion and behavior, which also happened during this pandemic. There were variations in number of cases of COVID-19 based upon a region leader's statements as per timeline and the people's modulating lifestyle there. This kind of relationship has motivated us towards analyzing the COVID-19 data based on sentiment and emotion involved in leader's statements, giving rise to an idea of web scraping to obtain their statements and stories from news channels. The main aim of this paper is to enlighten about different techniques and libraries used for web scraping, some challenges while designing a web scraper and finally arrive at an efficient methodology using them to extract news headlines and stories and create a new dataset that can be used in sentiment and emotion analysis. In future work, we will present the results of our experiments with the downloaded datasets.
'Cántico': más allá del aire

espanolEl articulo propone una lectura lacaniana de la poesia de Jorge Guillen, ejemplificada en algunos poemas de Cantico. El analisis aboga por una interpretacion de la poetica guilleniana como expresion del deseo del autor de perseguir la palabra exacta en cada momento creativo. Se materializa asi el balance (casi imposible) que la voz poetica consigue entre la concepcion del ser desde el estadio imaginario, su plasmacion literaria a traves del orden simbolico, y en busca siempre de la Nada en sus extasis del orden real. EnglishThis article proposes a Lacanian reading of Jorge Guillen’s poetry, in particular of some poems of Cantico. Its analysis defends interpretation of Guillenian poetics as an expression of the author’s desire to pursue the exact word in each creative moment. In this way, the poems are read as a materialization of the almost impossible balance that the poetic voice achieves between the conception of the being from the imaginary realm and its literary embodiment in the symbolic realm, in its constant search of Nothingness as it manifests in the ecstasy of the real realm
Psychotropic Medications in the Elderly

Psychiatric disease and dementia are common in older population and treatment regimens can be complex. In this chapter, the most frequent psychiatric conditions diagnosed in the elderly as well as the most common treatments for these conditions will be discussed. Notable considerations regarding analgesia, anesthesia, and perioperative issues will also be addressed when indicated.
Prediction mining – an approach to mining association rules for prediction

An interesting application of association mining in the context temporal databases is that of prediction. Prediction is to use the antecedent of a rule to predict the consequent of the rule. But not all of association rules may be suitable for prediction. In this paper, we investigate the properties of rules for prediction, and develop an approach called prediction mining — mining a set of association rules that are useful for prediction. Prediction mining discovers a set of prediction rules that have three properties. First, there must be a time lag between antecedent and consequent of the rule. Second, antecedent of a prediction rule is the minimum condition that implies the consequent. Third, a prediction rule must have relatively stable confidence with respect to the time frame determined by application domain. We develop a prediction mining algorithm for discovering the set of prediction rules. The efficiency and effectiveness of our approach is validated by experiments on both synthetic and real-life databases, we show that the prediction mining approach efficiently discovers a set of rules that are proper for prediction.
Parental smoking and perinatal mortality

Abstract All perinatal deaths and a sample of live births occurring during a 10 year period among children whose mothers were residents of Washington County, Maryland, were matched against the records of a special census taken in 1963. Epidemiologic characteristics and perinatal mortality rates were compared for children whose mothers did and did not smoke during pregnancy. The smoking mothers were more likely to be urban residents, to have better educated husbands, and to have been married more than once. Birth weight of infants of nonsmoking mothers were approximately 200 grams heavier than infants of smoking mothers, and the amount smoked by the mother was inversely correlated with birth weight. Stillbirth rates were similar for nonsmokers and smokers. In both groups, stillbirths were more common of the father was poorly educated. Maternal smoking was associated with increased risk of mortality for the child both in the neonatal period and for several years thereafter. This increased risk was demonstrable only among families in which the father was poorly educated. The risk was increased still further if the parents attended church infrequently or if the home lacked sanitary facilities. Much of the increased hazard for children of smoking mothers appeared to be associated with decreased birth weight. The causes of neonatal death which appeared to be excessive among children of smoking mothers were those usually associated with prematurity. The excessive deaths occurring later in life were not concentrated in any category. It was concluded that the findings were not consistent with the hypothesis that there was a direct effect of maternal smoking upon fetal or infant health, but rather that maternal smoking was related to mortality of the child by means of a common association with some other factor, possibly something related to adequacy of prenatal or postnatal environment and care.
Heat Transfer Physics

1. Introduction and preliminaries 2. Molecular orbitals-potentials-dynamics, and quantum energy states 3. Carrier energy transport and transition theories 4. Phonon energy storage, transport and transition kinetics 5. Electron energy storage, transport and transition kinetics 6. Fluid particle energy storage, transport and transformation kinetics 7. Photon energy storage, transport and transition kinetics.
Pricing electricity derivatives under alternative stochastic spot price models

The article proposes several mean-reversion jump-diffusion models to describe spot prices of electricity. It incorporates multiple jumps, regime-switching and stochastic volatility into these models in order to capture the salient features of electricity prices due to the physical characteristics of electricity. Prices of various electricity derivatives are derived under each model using the Fourier transform methods. The implications of modeling assumptions to electricity derivative pricing are also examined.
Deprivation model of paranormal belief: Mediation by religiosity and church involvement

Paranormal beliefs are often divided between those that are central to traditional Christian doctrine and those that are associated with the supernatural or the occult. Using national sample data from the Baylor Religion Survey of 2005 (n = 1721), this study assesses religious (Christian) and classical (supernatural or occult) paranormal beliefs. The theoretical basis for this study of paranormal beliefs was developed from Parsons’ classification for types of belief systems. The hypotheses were tested using structure equation modeling in AMOS 18, a superior method in comparison with past studies. The structural equation model analysis showed that there are two welldefined latent factors of paranormal beliefs, one religious and one classical. A positive relationship between these two paranormal belief factors was also found. Church attendance and religiosity were shown to moderate the effects of social demographics and weak support was found for the deprivation model. The study concludes with a discussion of the implications for theory and research.
Sleep quality predicts treatment outcome in CBT for social anxiety disorder.

Author(s): Zalta, Alyson K; Dowd, Sheila; Rosenfield, David; Smits, Jasper AJ; Otto, Michael W; Simon, Naomi M; Meuret, Alicia E; Marques, Luana; Hofmann, Stefan G; Pollack, Mark H | Abstract: BackgroundSleep quality may be an important, yet relatively neglected, predictor of treatment outcome in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders. Specifically, poor sleep quality may impair memory consolidation of in-session extinction learning. We therefore examined sleep quality as a predictor of treatment outcome in CBT for social anxiety disorder and the impact of d-cycloserine (DCS) on this relationship.MethodsOne hundred sixty-nine participants with a primary diagnosis of DSM-IV generalized social anxiety disorder were recruited across three sites. Participants were enrolled in 12 weeks of group CBT. Participants randomly received 50 mg of DCS (n = 87) or pill placebo (n = 82) 1 hr prior to sessions 3-7. Participants completed a baseline measure of self-reported sleep quality and daily diaries recording subjective feelings of being rested upon wakening. Outcome measures including social anxiety symptoms and global severity scores were assessed at each session.ResultsPoorer baseline sleep quality was associated with slower improvement and higher posttreatment social anxiety symptom and severity scores. Moreover, patients who felt more "rested" after sleeping the night following a treatment session had lower levels of symptoms and global severity at the next session, controlling for their symptoms and severity scores the previous session. Neither of these effects were moderated by DCS condition.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that poor sleep quality diminishes the effects of CBT for social anxiety disorder and this relation is not attenuated by DCS administration. Therapeutic attention to sleep quality prior to initiation of CBT and during the acute treatment phase may be clinically indicated.
HPV Serum Antibodies as Predictors of Survival and Disease Progression in Patients with HPV-Positive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oropharynx

Purpose: Oropharyngeal carcinoma positive for human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) has a significantly better prognosis than oropharyngeal carcinoma unrelated to HPV. Within HPV16-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma, biomarkers of prognosis are urgently needed to individualize care. We hypothesized that serum antibodies specific to HPV16, the major HPV type causing oropharyngeal carcinoma, have biologic relevance and are potential biomarkers for improved prognosis among patients with HPV16-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma. Experimental Design: IgG antibodies to the HPV16 antigens E1, E4-E7, L1, L2, and the N-terminal and C-terminal fragments of E2 (NE2, CE2) were quantified using a custom programmable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sera were obtained at diagnosis from 209 oropharyngeal carcinoma patients (96 HPV16-positive). The ratios of median fluorescent intensity (MFI) for each antigen to MFI for control GST protein were determined. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to determine survival differences between groups. ROC curves were used to determine the best combination of E antibodies to predict disease recurrence. Results: E1, NE2, and E6 antibody positivity were all strongly associated with improved overall and progression-free survival in the entire cohort and in patients with known HPV16-positive tumors ( P Conclusions: We identified three HPV16-specific antibodies that are associated with improved overall and progression-free survival in patients with HPV-related oropharyngeal carcinoma. These results suggest that differential serologic responses in patients may reflect differential biologic processes within the host and tumor and may have prognostic value. Clin Cancer Res; 21(12); 2861–9. ©2015 AACR .
A Primer on Suicidology: Implications for Counselors.

In this article, the author addresses the state of the art issues relating to suicide theory; assessment; risk factors; intervention, prevention, and postvention; and training. Specifically, a recent article published in The Counseling Psychologist (J. S. Westefeld et al., 2000) is reviewed. Implications for counselors, counselor educators, and counselor trainees are presented.
A Review of Video Review: New Processes for the 21st Century

Reviewing with resident physicians their preciously recorded video of patient encounters is an effective method for teaching not only communications and interpersonal skills but also such subjects as agenda negotiation, visit efficiency, shared decision making, and overall medical care. Video allows for effective coaching while minimizing observer effect. Many residency programs use video review processes for evaluation and coaching, yet there is paucity of literature on the subject, and no consensus on best processes or equipment. Recent advances in the design of digital media devices has made it easier to conduct video review in everyday medical settings, but also creates new challenges in ensuring security and confidentiality. In this article, we have outlined the infrastructure and process needed to design and implement such a program as well as possible pitfalls that should be attended to in order to ensure patient confidentiality as well as resident safety.
The ISPD-2012 discrete cell sizing contest and benchmark suite

Circuit optimization is essential to minimize power consumption of designs while satisfying timing constraints. The CAD problem focused on in the ISPD-2012 Contest is simultaneous gate sizing and threshold voltage assignment. In this paper, we describe an overview of the contest objectives and the provided benchmark suite. Furthermore, some details are provided in terms of the standard cell library, timing models, and the evaluation metrics of the ISPD-2012 Contest.
Key characteristics of hydride–dehydride titanium powder

Titanium powders produced via the hydride–dehydride process are described with reference to the markets that they serve, on the basis of more than 20 years of operating experience at Reading Alloys. Raw material selection and downstream finishing play important roles in determining key characteristics of the finished powder. Resultant chemistry, morphology and particle size distributions are discussed.
Update on factors motivating pharmacy students to pursue residency and fellowship training.

Purpose The factors motivating pharmacy students to pursue residency and fellowship training in 2011 versus 1993 were assessed. Methods A survey replicating previous research was electronically sent to 794 residency directors and 29 fellowship program directors with a request to forward the survey to current residents and fellows. A similar survey was sent to 124 colleges of pharmacy with a request to forward the survey to the faculty member most involved with residency and fellowship promotion within their doctor of pharmacy (Pharm.D.) curriculum. Participants were asked to rank leading motivating factors and barriers to pharmacy students pursuing these programs. Additional data collected included when and the methods by which these programs are promoted. Results Among residents and fellows, 865 usable surveys were returned. The leading motivating reasons for residents and fellows to pursue training were “to gain knowledge and experience,” “to gain confidence,” and “understood as a prerequisite for certain jobs.” A total of 124 U.S. pharmacy schools were surveyed, and 65 (52%) returned completed responses. “Understood as a prerequisite for certain jobs,” “faculty stressing importance,” and “recognition of the new and challenging roles for pharmacists in the future” were the factors most frequently cited by faculty members. Conclusion Compared with previous research, a new factor motivating pharmacy students to pursue residency and fellowship training is the consideration that these opportunities are a prerequisite for certain jobs. This development may be attributable to trends in the supply and demand of pharmacists, the recognition of the value in these programs by major pharmacy organizations, and the evolving role of pharmacists in direct patient care.
Tunneling in semiconductor superlattices: Quantum oscillations☆

Abstract Resonant and nonresonant tunneling mechanisms are investigated theoretically in a semiconductor superlattice at low temperatures in the presence of a dc bias and a magnetic field in the superlattice direction. Quantum oscillations are found for both resonant and non-resonant currents. The resonant current occurs through impurity-scattering. It has resonance peaks whenever the bias becomes a multiple of the Landau level separation and vanishes otherwise. The peak heights decay with an increasing bias. The one-phonon emission mechanism is examined for the nonresonant current.
Can future storage technologies benefit from existing or emerging nano-tools and techniques?

Certain ideas and techniques are being developed outside the field of optical/magnetic/ electronic recording, but the storage community could benefit from these developments once we become sufficiently familiar with the new concepts and methodologies. Developments in the areas of nano- and bio-photonics, fluorescence microscopy, quantum-dots, optical tweezers, micro- and nano-fluidics, femtosecond lasers, etc., have the potential to influence future generations of data storage systems.
chickadee encodes a profilin required for intercellular cytoplasm transport during Drosophila oogenesis

The entire cytoplasmic contents of 15 highly polyploid nurse cells are transported rapidly to the oocyte near the end of Drosophila oogenesis. chickadee is one of a small group of genes whose mutant phenotype includes a disruption of this nurse cell cytoplasm transport. We have cloned the chickadee gene and found that cDNA clones encode a protein 40% identical to yeast and Acanthamoeba profilin. The nurse cells from chickadee egg chambers that lack ovary-specific profilin fail to synthesize cytoplasmic actin networks correctly. In addition, the nurse cell nuclei in chickadee egg chambers become displaced and often partially stretched through the channels leading into the oocyte, blocking the flow of cytoplasm. We suggest that the newly synthesized cytoplasmic actin networks are responsible for maintaining nuclear position in the nurse cells.
The photo-induced degradations of tetraneopentylchromium and trimesitylchromium tetrahydrofuranate: some applications to catalysis

Abstract Photo-induced reactions of tetraneopentylchromium (I) and trimesitylchromium tetrahydrofuranate (II) have been investigated. Both I and II upon photolysis in solution function as active catalysts for the polymerization of vinyl monomers such as styrene, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and vinyl acetate, and also for the polymerization of ethylene under very mild conditions. Irradiation of I in tetrahydrofuran in the presence of carbon monoxide leads to the production of Cr(CO) 6 and Cr(CO) 5 (THF), demonstrating that low valent chromium species are formed under these conditions.
Study of the electronic transition moment for the CN red band system

Abstract The Rydberg-Klein-Rees (RKR) potential energy curves of the X2Σ+ state and the A2∏i state of CN have been calculated by using the recent data of Poletto and Rigutti .(6) The RKR Franck-Condon factors andr-centroids for the CN red band system have been computed. These have been used, in conjunction with the relative band oscillator strengths reported by Lambert ,(3) to determine the variation of the electronic transition moment, Re(r), with the internuclear separation, r. The expression for Re(r) obtained has been found to be in good agreement with that obtained by using the data of Dixon and Nicholls (1) on the relative emission intensity distribution in the red band system of CN.
The torus semicircularis in a gekkonid lizard

The cytoarchitecture and neuromorphology of the torus semicircularis in the tokay gecko, Gekko gecko, were examined in Nissl-stained, fiber-stained, and Golgi-impregnated tissues. From a superficial position, the torus semicircularis extends rostrally under the caudal half of the optic tectum. Caudally, the two tori abut upon one another; rostrally, they diverge. The torus semicircularis consists of central, laminar, and superficial nuclei. The central nucleus consists of fusiform, spherical and triangular neurons. Their dendrites are highly branched, with numerous dendritic spines, and are oriented mediolaterally, dorsoventrally, and rostrocaudally. Fusiform and spherical neurons display two dendritic patterns: "single axis," ramifying in one axis, and "dual axis," exhibiting higher-order branches perpendicular to the primary dendrites. Triangular neurons exhibit a "radiate" dendritic pattern. In the rostral half of the torus semicircularis, the laminar nucleus caps the central nucleus. The laminar nucleus encircles the central nucleus in the caudal torus semicircularis. The neurons of the laminar nucleus have dendritic arrays oriented parallel to the border of the central nucleus. These dendrites exhibit a paucity of dendritic spines and higher-order branches. Fusiform and spherical neurons exhibit "single axis" and "dual axis" dendritic patterns. Triangular neurons display "radiate" patterns. The caudal superficial nucleus lies dorsal and dorsolateral to the central nucleus. The superficial nucleus is sparsely populated by small fusiform and spherical neurons with moderately branched dendrites and moderate numbers of dendritic spines. These neurons display "single axis" (fusiform neurons) as well as "dual axis" and "radiate" (spherical neurons) dendritic patterns. They are oriented either parallel to or perpendicular to the boundary of the laminar nucleus.
Kinematic tests of exotic flat cosmological models

Theoretical prejudice and inflationary models of the very early universe strongly favor the flat, Einstein-de Sitter model of the universe. At present the observational data conflict with this prejudice. This conflict can be resolved by considering flat models of the universe which posses a smooth component of energy density. The kinematics of such models, where the smooth component is relativistic particles, a cosmological term, a network of light strings, or fast-moving, light strings is studied in detail. The observational tests which can be used to discriminate between these models are also discussed. These tests include the magnitude-redshift, lookback time-redshift, angular size-redshift, and comoving volume-redshift diagrams and the growth of density fluctuations.
Design and analysis of genetically encoded counters

Abstract The ability to store and to act upon modest amounts of information within living systems would enable new approaches to the study and control of biological processes. We develop a hierarchical composition framework supporting the design and analysis of higher-order genetically encoded information storage systems using combinatorial counters as a test case. We first develop a set-reset latch design based on DNA inversion, a toggle flip-flop design based upon two set-reset latches having gated outputs, and an N-bit 2N state counter design built from N toggle flip-flops. Using computational modeling, we then show how increasing the output gating speed of set-reset latches extends the operable ranges of toggle flip-flops with respect to set-reset latch switching thresholds and toggle flip-flop input pulse height and frequency. Finally, we show how coupling of input/output operable ranges of toggle flip-flops determines the operable ranges of counters. Such frameworks support the comparative analysis of competing low-level designs and further enable engineers to make the best use of limited genetic components while avoiding unnecessary compositional failure.
TOWARDS A TRANSNATIONAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF CONTEMPORARY ITALIAN FILM

The topic of this roundtable prompts me to reflect with some optimism on the contrast between the uncertain status of Italian film studies when I began teaching and researching in the field over twenty years ago, and the flourishing profile it enjoys today as a sub-discipline of Italian studies in the Anglophone academy. It also obliges me to acknowledge that the institutional inclusion of Italian screen studies (ISS; now encompassing both film and television) within italianistica has meant that it exists in relative isolation from some of the theoretical discourses and methodological trends developing in the broader field of film and media studies, more specifically transnational film criticism. My own introduction to the study of cinema occurred in the context of a film studies department in the 1980s, at a time when the discipline was marked by the conjunction of semiotics, psychoanalytic film theory, and feminism. This theoretical background did not necessarily provide the most compelling preparation for a teaching career in a department of Modern Languages and Literatures, where the focus of my research was expected to match the field in which I was hired to teach, that is, Italian studies — then, as now, dominated by literary history and analysis. Nonetheless, it enabled me to bring theoretical discourse to bear on my investigation of Italian cinema and Italian cultural production more generally. It also trained me to approach all films as texts that offer rich potential for deconstructive inquiry, rather than as aesthetic objects to be cherished or cast aside according to predetermined hierarchies of value. My decision to focus my research on contemporary Italian cinema met with some incomprehension at the outset, particularly among italianisti. This resistance has not yet entirely disappeared. ‘Ma il cinema italiano non esiste piu’ is the dismissive comment I still hear, more often in Italy than elsewhere, from a number of colleagues who assert that the films produced in Italy over the past twenty or thirty years are rarely worth viewing, much less worth studying. Rather than reflecting a reasoned assessment of Italian cinema at present, such claims are symptomatic of a refusal to move beyond out-dated evaluative criteria and canonical hierarchies, such as the embalmment of neorealism as the gold standard of Italian filmmaking, the privileging of a discourse of autori, and so on — taken-for-granted values that were astutely challenged in a landmark article by Catherine O’Rawe about five years ago, and further elaborated in a more recent study by Alan O’Leary in collaboration with O’Rawe. The Italianist, 34. 2, 268–271, June 2014
Implicit methods for viscous incompressible flows

Numerical methods and simulation tools for incompressible flows have been advanced largely as a subset of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) discipline. Especially within the aerospace community, simulation of compressible flows has driven most of the development of computational algorithms and tools. This is due to the high level of accuracy desired for predicting aerodynamic performance of flight vehicles. Conversely, low-speed incompressible flow encountered in a wide range of fluid engineering problems has not typically required the same level of numerical accuracy. This practice of tolerating relatively low-fidelity solutions in engineering applications for incompressible flow has changed. As the design of flow devices becomes more sophisticated, a narrower margin of error is required. Accurate and robust CFD tools have become increasingly important in fluid engineering for incompressible and low-speed flow. Accuracy depends not only on numerical methods but also on flow physics and geometry modeling. For high-accuracy solutions, geometry modeling has to be very inclusive to capture the elliptic nature of incompressible flow resulting in large grid sizes. Therefore, in this article, implicit schemes or efficient time integration schemes for incompressible flow are reviewed from a CFD tool development point of view. Extension of the efficient solution procedures to arbitrary Mach number flows through a unified time-derivative preconditioning approach is also discussed. The unified implicit solution procedure is capable of solving low-speed compressible flows, transonic, as well as supersonic flows accurately and efficiently. Test cases demonstrating Mach-independent convergence are presented.
Large Lakes of the World

Abstract An inventory of the distribution, origin, and morphometry of the world's large lakes has been undertaken. Natural lakes, fresh and salt, with a surface area greater than 500 km 2 are included; 253 such lakes have been identified. Large lakes occur on all continents, except Antarctica, but nearly half of them (48 percent) are found in North America and most of these lie above the 40th parallel, attesting to the scouring action of continental glaciers. Tectonic belts, such as the Riff Valley of east Africa and the Lake Baikal region of Siberia, are the second most common loci of large lakes. Tabular morphometric data include: surface area, drainage basin, elevation, mean and maximum depth, volume, length and breadth, and orientation of longest axis. These data show that the large lakes of the world occupy a surface area of 1,456,000 km 2 and they have an estimated volume of 202,000 km 3 . Large lakes account for approximately 90 percent of the total surface area and volume of water held in all lakes of the world. Revisions and supplements to the data presented are welcomed.
Stem cell renewal in frozen marrow.

Summary Bone marrow can be stored at low temperatures with minimal loss of stem cells and no detectable alteration of differentiation capacity or rate of growth of differentiated elements. The present studies demonstrate that hematopoietic stem cells, preserved in either glycerol or dimethyl sulfoxide and cooled to −100°C, replenish their own population at the same time and at the same rate as stem cells from fresh marrow. Murine bone marrow was suspended in Hank's solution containing 4% calf serum and 12% glycerol or dimethyl sulfoxide. The suspensions were cooled at 2°C per min to −100°C, rapidly thawed, and diluted with 35% glucose and 6% dextran. Lethally irradiated mice were injected with comparable numbers of syngeneic cells, either fresh or frozen and thawed. Stem cells, undergoing self-renewal in these mice, were detected by retransplant into other irradiated mice in which they produce grossly visible colonies of hematopoietic tissue. The results indicate that the functional characteristics of transplanted hematopoietic stem cells are unimpaired by this regimen of marrow preservation.
Thanks to God and the Revolution: The Oral History of a Nicaraguan Family

Winner of the 1991 Chicago Women in Publishing Award In a restaurant in Esteli, Nicaragua, Dianne Walta Hart, a visiting American scholar, and Marta Lopez, member of a Nicaraguan women's organization, began to talk of the Sandinista revolution and of the changes it had brought, especially for women. Their conversation was to continue at intervals over the next four years; it expanded to include Marta's mother, Dona Maria, her sister, Leticia, and her brother, Omar, a Sandinista soldier. From these conversations has come the powerful and moving oral history of a Nicaraguan family in the twentieth century: a testimonial by ordinary people caught up in civil strife and living in a country devastated by war and inflation. Laying bare the inner workings of the Lopez family, Dianne Walta Hart evokes a picture of a close-knit and loving family. Tracing their story from the years of repression and guerrilla activity under Somoza through an era of personal and political revolution in the 1970s and 1980s, she shows people persevering against every kind of adversity."
Taylor towers of symmetric and exterior powers

We study the Taylor towers of the nth symmetric and exterior power functors, Sp n and n . We obtain a description of the layers of the Taylor towers, Dk Sp n and Dk n , in terms of the rst terms in the Taylor towers of Sp t and t for t < n. The homology of these rst terms is related to the stable derived functors (in the sense of Dold and Puppe) of Sp t and t . We use stable derived functor calculations of Dold and Puppe to determine the lowest nontrivial homology groups for Dk Sp n and Dk n .
HIF-1α has an anti-apoptotic effect in human airway epithelium that is mediated via Mcl-1 gene expression

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) proteins have been shown to regulate apoptosis in some cell systems but have not been studied in this context in airway epithelium. Using a model of anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R), the present study employed RNA interference (RNAi) targeting HIF-1alpha and Mcl-1 to evaluate their possible anti-apoptotic effects on HBE1 cells, an immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell line. The cells were either cultured under normoxic conditions or were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes targeting HIF-1alpha or Mcl-1 mRNA and then immediately exposed to A/R. As controls, non-transfected HBE1 cells and cells transfected with scrambled RNA duplexes were subjected to A/R. Apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and RNAi was assessed by knockdown of HIF-1alpha and Mcl-1 mRNA and protein expression using real-time quantitative RT-PCR (Q-PCR), immunohistochemistry, and Western blots. HBE1 cells transfected with siRNA duplexes targeting either HIF-1alpha or Mcl-1 and subjected to A/R manifested considerable apoptosis, a finding not observed in either non-transfected cells or cells transfected with scrambled RNA duplexes. Specific knockdown of mRNA and protein expression by RNAi in HBE1 cells after A/R was shown for siRNA duplexes targeting either HIF-1alpha or Mcl-1. Unexpectedly, knockdown of HIF-1alpha induced parallel knockdown of Mcl-1 mRNA and protein expression, whereas Mcl-1 knockdown had no noticeable effect on HIF-1alpha expression. Thus, although both of these proteins were shown to be anti-apoptotic, the action of HIF-1alpha appeared to be mediated in part via Mcl-1.
ON DELTA SETS OF NUMERICAL MONOIDS

Let S be a numerical monoid (i.e. an additive submonoid of ℕ0) with minimal generating set 〈n1,…,nt〉. For m ∈ S, if , then is called a factorization length of m. We denote by (where mi < mi+1 for each 1 ≤ i < k) the set of all possible factorization lengths of m. The Delta set of m is defined by Δ(m) = {mi+1 - mi|1 ≤ i < k} and the Delta set of S by Δ(S) = ∪m∈SΔ(m). In this paper, we address some basic questions concerning the structure of the set Δ(S). In Sec. 2, we find upper and lower bounds on Δ(S) by finding such bounds on the Delta set of any monoid S where the associated reduced monoid Sred is finitely generated. We prove in Sec. 3 that if S = 〈n, n + k, n + 2k,…,n + bk〉, then Δ(S) = {k}. In Sec. 4 we offer some specific constructions which yield for any k and v in ℕ a numerical monoid S with Δ(S) = {k, 2k,…,vk}. Moreover, we show that Delta sets of numerical monoids may contain natural "gaps" by arguing that Δ(〈n, n + 1, n2 - n - 1〉) = {1,2,…,n - 2, 2n - 5}.
Crime, criminology and human rights: Towards an understanding of state criminality

This paper explores issues related to the analysis of a type of criminality frequently ignored in criminological literature: crimes of the state. It explores the potential of critical criminology to deal with state criminality via investigation of such issues as state interventions, overlapping activities of criminal versus non-criminal organizations and the distinction between individual and state actors. The paper specifically examines state criminality via analysis of the activities of the CIA and FBI in the United States. These activities include methods of surveillance, wiretapping, mail tampering, and the use of agents provocateurs. It also examines issues related to relativity in the definition of terrorism and the use of terrorism by the state. It is argued that, unless criminologists begin to address these issues, criminologists may find themselves in the awkward position of aiding the criminalization of non-criminal peoples around the world.
MMDB reload concerns

Abstract Due to the volatility of main memory, a Memory Database (MMDB) system may lose the primary copy of its database after a system failure. The lost database can be recovered by reloading the archive database residing on Archive Memory (AM) into Main Memory (MM) and applying log data. This paper analyzes three major issues that directly impact the reload performance: how to organize the database on AM, how to choose the reload granularity, and how to create address translation tables. The paper proposes an AM structure which makes use of disk striping to reduce reload time, and a special AM structure on which data blocks are organized based on their access frequency order to ensure hot spots are reloaded before less frequently used data. Our analysis shows that cylinder is the best reload granularity in terms of total reload time and transaction waiting time.
“Staying Close to Shore”: A Context for Older Rural Widows' Use of Health Care

Access to health care has been considered central to understanding older rural adults' utilization of health services. Access has been measured in terms of distance to care, use of care, and barriers to care; because older persons' relevant perceptions have received little attention, the validity of the typical access constructs is questionable. During a phenomenological study of their experiences of living alone at home, eight older rural widows shared perceptions about the locales where they received primary care and specialty care. A facet of their life-worlds, "staying close to shore," was seen as a frame of reference for their perceptions and as a general context for health care utilization. The implications of "staying close to shore" are discussed in relation to conventional conceptualizations of access.
Factors associated with adaptation to Klinefelter syndrome: the experience of adolescents and adults.

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of living with Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) as an adolescent or an adult and to examine the factors that contribute to adaptation. Methods Individuals ( n =310) aged 14–75 years with self-reported XXY were recruited from online support networks to complete a self-administered survey. Perceived consequences, perceived severity, perceived stigma, and coping were measured and evaluated as correlates of adaptation. Results The use of problem-focused coping strategies was positively correlated with adaptation ( p p Conclusion The majority of participants reported significant negative consequences of XXY, including infertility, psychological co-morbidities and differences in appearance. How participants coped with their negative appraisals was the greatest predictor of adaptation. Practice implications Interventions designed to help individuals reframe negative appraisals, to increase perceived manageability of the challenges of living with XXY, and to facilitate effective coping may improve adaptation among individuals with XXY.
Late Cambrian (Steptoean) sedimentation and responses to sea-level change along the northeastern Laurentian margin: Insights from carbon isotope stratigraphy

Carbon isotopes are applied as tools for stratigraphic correlation of poorly fossiliferous Upper Cambrian carbonate strata in the northern U.S. Appalachians. Upper Cambrian (Steptoean) marine carbonate rocks record a significant global positive carbon isotope excursion (δ 13C = +4‰ – 5‰ Vienna Peedee belemnite [VPDB]), the timing of which is well documented in fossiliferous sections elsewhere. The Steptoean excursion peaks at a sea-level lowstand that produced the Sauk II– Sauk III sequence boundary on the North American craton. In this study, this excursion is documented for the first time in the northern U.S. Appalachians in poorly exposed limestone debris flow and olistolith deposits interbedded within 20 m of continental slope shales of the Schodack Formation. These deposits contain the only reported pre– Elvinia zone Steptoean fauna in New York and record δ 13C values of up to +3‰ . The slope carbonate sediment was mainly derived from the shelf margin and is mixed with common coarse-grained silici-clastic material. These deposits reflect a seaward migration of the siliciclastic source area (exposed craton), suppressed carbonate platform sedimentation, and shelf bypassing during the Sauk II– Sauk III sea-level fall. Nonfossiliferous dolostones and dolomitic marbles of the proposed carbonate platform correlatives (the Pine Plains Formation in southeastern New York and the Stockbridge Formation from western Massachusetts) also contain common coarse siliciclastics ; however, sampled sections do not record elevated δ 13C values, indicating that these strata are probably not of Steptoean age. This suggests that Steptoean time is represented in the carbonate platform to slope succession of the northeastern (present-day) Laurentian margin by an extremely condensed stratigraphic interval or even a hiatus.