cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic utility of cytokine biomarkers in the evaluation of acute knee pain.

Background: The diagnosis of clinically important meniscal tears of the knee remains challenging, and it is unknown why only some injuries become painful. The role of inflammatory cytokines in generating pain following meniscal injury remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the cytokine profile in patients with acute knee pain believed to be secondary to meniscal damage. Methods: This prospective cohort study included thirty-two patients without rheumatoid arthritis who had knee pain for less than six months, with either an acute or insidious onset, and elected to have arthroscopic treatment after nonoperative managementhadfailed.Twenty-threeofthesepatientselectedtohavethecontralateral,nonoperativelytreatedkneelavaged at the time of arthroscopy. Fifteen asymptomatic control subjects also contributed samples of knee joint fluid, for a total of seventysamplesfromforty-sevensubjects.Lavageoftheoperativelytreated,contralateral,andcontrolkneeswasperformed with the patientunder regional anesthesia prior toarthroscopy, ifapplicable, by theinfusionofsterile salinesolution into the knee followed by the immediate withdrawal into a syringe. The concentrations of seventeen inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured with use of a multiplexed immunoassay panel. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging findings and cytokine assay results were compared with intraoperative findings. Results: Multivariate analysis of variance detected significantly greater concentrations of interferon gamma (IFN-g); interleukins 2, 4, 6, 10, and 13 (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13); monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1); and macrophage inflammatoryprotein-1beta(MIP-1b)influidsamplesfrompainfulkneesthaninsamplesfromnonpainfulknees.Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between patient-reported pain scores and concentrations of IL-6 (Spearmanr=0.7),MCP-1(r=0.8),MIP-1b(r=0.6),andIFN-g(r=0.6).Thesefourcytokinesalsodemonstratedapositive correlation with each other (r = 0.5 to 0.7). The presence of IFN-g, IL-6, MCP-1, or MIP-1b performed as well as magnetic resonance imaging in the prediction of intraoperative findings. Conclusions: Intra-articular concentrations of four inflammatory cytokines IFN-g, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1b correlated to pain in patients with symptomatic meniscal tears in the knee but were markedly lower in asymptomatic normal knees and in asymptomatic knees with meniscal tears. These cytokines may be involved in the generation of pain following meniscal injury.
Anglo-Saxon Church Dues: A Study in Historical Continuity

The problem of rendering to God what is God's is no less complex when Caesar is himself a Christian. Among the Anglo-Saxons, for example, “a Christian king is Christ's deputy among Christian people,” but both the royal role in religion and the offerings made to the divine were shaped by the Germanic heathenism which had embraced both. In the full flood of Christian monarchy in England, the ruler still participated in cosmic and earthly realms, a position presaged by that of his pagan ancestors but involving, inevitably, changing forms and problems. The king was still the head of the folk under divine auspices, and a separation of religion and royal function was as unthinkable as under paganism. The English ruler stood in a special relationship to the Divine King, and the doctrine of separation of powers between ruler and Church was as abhorrent to the latter, which had inundated the kingdoms on the tide of royal favor, as it was impracticable to the monarch. The ruler was expected to play a theological and eschatological role for his people. The view of the king as doctor of his folk—the tuba praedicationis , as Alcuin hailed Offa of Mercia—leading them to judgment, cast a religious aura about him which was to continue a ruler-cult in Christian terms.
How Participatory Democracy Became White: Culture and Organizational Choice

Why do activists choose the organizational forms they do? Social movement scholars have tended to focus on activists' instrumental assessments of organizational forms' costs and benefits or on activists' efforts to balance instrumental calculations with a commitment to ideological consistency. Neither explanation is adequate. Organizational forms, like strategies, tactics, and targets, are often appealing for their symbolic associations, and especially, their association with particular social groups. The article fleshes out this dynamic through a case study of the rise and fall of participatory democracy in the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Contrary to standard explanations for SNCC activists' repudiation of consensus-based and nonhierarchical decision making in the mid-1960s, I show that participatory democracy was abandoned when it came to be seen as ideological, oriented to personal self-transformation, and—no coincidence—as white. That was not the case earlier on, when participato...
Occurrence of the Toxin-producing Cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii in Mona and Muskegon Lakes, Michigan

The bloom-forming and toxin-producing cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii was observed in Muskegon and Mona lakes, drowned river-mouth tributaries of Lake Michigan. Morphological features of the taxon were similar to those described elsewhere. The species was observed only in late summer; elevated bottom water temperature, and perhaps phosphorus concentration, appears to be implicated in its appearance. Maximum abundances at any given site reached 393 and 0.9 trichomes/mL in Mona Lake and Muskegon Lake, respectively. Although these concentrations are low relative to other reports, the presence of this species in these two lakes from adjacent watersheds adds to a growing body of literature that suggests the distribution of C. raciborskii is on the increase in northern latitudes.
Survival after Sublobar Resection for Early-Stage Lung Cancer: Methodological Obstacles in Comparing the Efficacy to Lobectomy

Abstract Introduction Surgery is the treatment of choice for early-stage lung cancer (LC). Although lobectomy (L) is the historic standard treatment, the issue of whether long-term outcomes of sublobar resection (SL) are comparable is still under debate. The objective of this study was to perform a review of the literature on 5-year survival rates after SL compared to L for patients with early-stage LC. Methods A priori inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) observational studies, (2) L compared to SL for early-stage LC, (3) radiographic staging by computed tomography scan, and (4) 5-year survival reported. A Medline search through January 2015 resulted in 31 studies representing 23 distinct datasets. The absolute difference in 5-year survival was calculated and plotted for each study. Results L was performed in 4564 patients and SL in 2287 patients. Of 19 studies reporting the reason for SL, 11 indicated that SL was performed because of comorbidities or impaired cardiopulmonary function. Four studies showed no difference in 5-year survival, 13 favored L, and six favored SL. One propensity score study favored L and the other favored SL. Of 20 studies reporting recurrence rate, 11 favored L and nine favored SL. Conclusions Studies comparing 5-year survival rates of SL to L are sufficiently heterogeneous to prevent carrying out traditional meta-analysis. SL survival is often similar to L when adjustments are made for age, comorbidities, or impaired cardiopulmonary function. New approaches are needed for the comparison of L to SL.
Molecular analysis of myeloperoxidase deficiency shows heterogeneous patterns of the complete deficiency state manifested at the genomic, mRNA, and protein levels

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a glycosylated hemoprotein contained in the azurophil granules of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). MPO is thought to play a role in the oxidative antimicrobial activity of neutrophils by catalyzing the formation of hypochlorous acid, a potent microbicide, from hydrogen peroxide and chloride anions. Seven unrelated individuals with complete MPO deficiency, a relatively common heritable defect of neutrophils, were identified during routine blood tests. Molecular analyses were conducted to determine the level of the abnormality in these individuals. Western blot analysis showed that 6 of the 7 donors were devoid of immunoreactive MPO protein, while neutrophils from one individual contained only the 55-Kd subunit. Northern analysis of bone marrow RNA from one MPO-deficient donor showed the presence of the normal-sized 3.3-kb transcript indicating that the defect in MPO biosynthesis in this case was posttranscriptional. Southern analysis of four MPO-deficient donors showed a normal Bgl II digestion pattern, whereas an abnormal restriction pattern was observed in a fifth individual. Although the Bgl II pattern was similar to that observed in an unrelated subject described by Nauseef (Blood 73:290, 1989), our study strongly suggests that the point mutation does not reflect a polymorphism. Taken together, these analyses show the existence of diverse abnormalities associated with MPO-deficiency that may be detected at the level of the MPO polypeptide, mRNA, and gene.
Effect of imperceptible vibratory noise applied to wrist skin on fingertip touch evoked potentials – an EEG study

Random vibration applied to skin can change the sense of touch. Specifically, low amplitude white-noise vibration can improve fingertip touch perception. In fact, fingertip touch sensation can improve even when imperceptible random vibration is applied to other remote upper extremity areas such as wrist, dorsum of the hand, or forearm. As such, vibration can be used to manipulate sensory feedback and improve dexterity, particularly during neurological rehabilitation. Nonetheless, the neurological bases for remote vibration enhanced sensory feedback are yet poorly understood. This study examined how imperceptible random vibration applied to the wrist changes cortical activity for fingertip sensation. We measured somatosensory evoked potentials to assess peak-to-peak response to light touch of the index fingertip with applied wrist vibration versus without. We observed increased peak-to-peak somatosensory evoked potentials with wrist vibration, especially with increased amplitude of the later component for the somatosensory, motor, and premotor cortex with wrist vibration. These findings corroborate an enhanced cortical-level sensory response motivated by vibration. It is possible that the cortical modulation observed here is the result of the establishment of transient networks for improved perception.
Earnings Management to Avoid Losses with Positive, Negative, Large and Small Discretionary Accruals

Most work studying earnings management has conjectured that firms with otherwise negative incomes use their accounting discretion to increase their reported incomes with positive discretionary accruals to just barely meet their zero earnings levels and have implemented research designs that treat all suspect EM firms as engaging in only this behavior. For example, Dechow et al. (2003) study whether small-loss firms using income-increasing discretionary accruals to report small profits explains the kink in the earnings distribution around the zero earnings level, but do not find support for that proposition. They conclude that one possible explanation (of several) is “that the earnings management story is more complex than the one we test.” Explaining, examining and documenting that more complex story is the contribution of our paper; the story that EM consists of positive, negative, large, and small exercises of discretionary accounting.
The Timing of Radical Cystectomy for bacillus Calmette-Guérin Failure: Comparison of Outcomes and Risk Factors for Prognosis

Purpose: We compared the pathological and survival outcomes of patients who underwent radical cystectomy soon after bacillus Calmette-Guerin failure with those of patients who received additional salvage intravesical chemotherapy before cystectomy for nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. We also identified predictors of prognosis in the entire cohort.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 117 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for recurrent nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer at our institution from 1990 to 2012. The cohort was divided into group 1 of 61 patients treated only with bacillus Calmette-Guerin with or without interferon-α and group 2 of 56 who received at least 1 additional salvage intravesical chemotherapy after bacillus Calmette-Guerin.Results: Final pathology and survival outcomes did not differ significantly between the groups. Five-year overall and cancer specific survival was similar in groups 1 and 2 at 80% and 85%, respectively, at approximately equivalent...
When Does Introducing a Value-Added Tax Increase Economic Efficiency? Evidence from the Synthetic Control Method

The theoretical prediction that a value-added tax (VAT) does not distort firms' production decisions has led to its rapid adoption worldwide, but there is surprisingly little empirical evidence. This paper provides one of the first causal estimates of the efficiency gains (i.e., an increase in GDP per worker) of introducing a VAT in a worldwide sample of countries using the synthetic control method. The synthetic control is a weighted average of countries without a VAT that closely resembles the economic structure and outcomes of the country with a VAT for several years before the adoption of a VAT. In line with previous studies, I find that the VAT has, on average, a positive and economically meaningful impact on economic efficiency. However, this result is driven by richer countries only. There is no significant impact of the VAT on poorer countries. I find similar results when estimating the impact of the VAT on total factor productivity and capital stock per worker, two important channels through which a VAT affects GDP per worker. This paper provides evidence that a success of VAT almost entirely depends on the initial level of income of a country, which, in turn, determines whether a country is able to properly design and enforce a VAT. The findings are robust across a series of placebo studies and sensitivity checks.
Assessment of Slat Noise Predictions for 30P30N High-Lift Configuration From BANC-III Workshop

This paper presents a summary of the computational predictions and measurement data contributed to Category 7 of the 3rd AIAA Workshop on Benchmark Problems for Airframe Noise Computations (BANC-III), which was held in Atlanta, GA, on June 14-15, 2014. Category 7 represents the first slat-noise configuration to be investigated under the BANC series of workshops, namely, the 30P30N two-dimensional high-lift model (with a slat contour that was slightly modified to enable unsteady pressure measurements) at an angle of attack that is relevant to approach conditions. Originally developed for a CFD challenge workshop to assess computational fluid dynamics techniques for steady high-lift predictions, the 30P30N configurations has provided a valuable opportunity for the airframe noise community to collectively assess and advance the computational and experimental techniques for slat noise. The contributed solutions are compared with each other as well as with the initial measurements that became available just prior to the BANC-III Workshop. Specific features of a number of computational solutions on the finer grids compare reasonably well with the initial measurements from FSU and JAXA facilities and/or with each other. However, no single solution (or a subset of solutions) could be identified as clearly superior to the remaining solutions. Grid sensitivity studies presented by multiple BANC-III participants demonstrated a relatively consistent trend of reduced surface pressure fluctuations, higher levels of turbulent kinetic energy in the flow, and lower levels of both narrow band peaks and the broadband component of unsteady pressure spectra in the nearfield and farfield. The lessons learned from the BANC-III contributions have been used to identify improvements to the problem statement for future Category-7 investigations.
μ+ depolarization inAlGd alloys

The μ+ depolarization rate in diluteAlGd alloys containing 50 and 450 atomic ppm Gd was measured in a transverse field of 80 Oe over the temperature range 6–300 K. For both alloys, A increased dramatically above 200 K, reaching values of 0.69 and 0.93 μs−1, respectively, near room temperature. The results are interpreted as providing evidence for a thermally-activated trapping mechanism.
Progress in Modelling Plasma Etch Processes

This is a progress report on modelling the first of two aspects of plasma assisted chemical processes; it is shown here that by maintaining a constant plasma geometry, observable plasma parameters can be made to determine ion assisted surface chemistry uniquely because the mean energy of ions bombarding the reacting surfaces are thus also uniquely determined. Furthermore, the theory (1) given here sets the stage for another, given elsewhere (2), which shows that the resulting processes (i.e., reactive ion or plasma assisted etching and deposition) follow the same “rules”, as thermally driven chemical vapor transport (CVT) for a fixed mean ion energy. Together, these theories permit a considerably more orderly understanding and application of plasma etch/deposition processes than has been previously possible.
Critical role of p42/44(MAPK) activation in anisomycin and hepatocyte growth factor-induced LDL receptor expression: activation of Raf-1/Mek-1/p42/44(MAPK) cascade alone is sufficient to induce LDL receptor expression.

The protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin activates stress-related mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), namely, c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (p46/54JNK) and p38MAPK in mammalian cells. In this paper, we show that although exposure to anisomycin resulted in rapid and strong activation of p46/54JNK and p38MAPK, with a delayed low level dual-phosphorylation of mitogen/extracellular protein kinase (p42/44MAPK), low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor induction depends solely on the mild activation of p42/44MAPK signaling cascade in HepG2 cells. Unlike hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) which caused LDL receptor induction via rapid, strong, and Ras-dependent p42/44MAPK activation, anisomycin-induced p42/44MAPK activity and increased LDL receptor expression in a Ras-independent manner. Finally, we examined the role of the p42/44MAPK signaling cascade in LDL receptor induction by activating this kinase independently of anisomycin or HGF. By using estrogen-dependent human Raf-1 protein kinase in transient transfection assays, we show that the exclusive activation of the Raf-1/MEK-1/p42/44MAPK signaling cascade with antiestrogen ICI 182,780 caused induction of LDL receptor expression to the same level as observed with either HGF or anisomycin. Consistent with the role of p42/44MAPK, induction was strongly inhibited by pretreatment with the MEK-1/2 inhibitor PD98059. Our observation that anisomycin can use p42/44MAPK signaling cascade is a departure from established thinking, and the results presented shows that activation of the p42/44MAPK alone is sufficient to fully induce LDL receptor transcription.—Dhawan, P., A. Bell, A. Kumar, C. Golden, and K. D. Mehta. Critical role of p42/44MAPK activation in anisomycin and hepatocyte growth factor-induced LDL receptor expression: activation of Raf-1/MEK-1/p42/44MAPK cascade alone is sufficient to induce LDL receptor expression. J. Lipid Res. 1999. 40: 1911–1919.
On the Applications of AHSS in Some Car Body of SGMW

This article tells about the development of automobile in China,the development trend of automobile lightweight under the requirement of energy saving and environment friendly as well as the classification of AHSS used for automobile. Taking an example of the design of a car body of SGMW(SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co.,Ltd.),it focuses on the remarkable effects of the application of AHSS in automobile lightweight,car safety and environment.It also points out the key projects will fall in the forming technique of AHSS and the applications of AHSS to new car body design to enhance automobile safety.
Dysmenorrhea and Prostaglandins

In the folklore of many cultures, the menstrual fluid is believed to be endowed with magical properties. The concept of toxins in the menstrual fluid is evident in many historical writings. Schick1 remarked that his maidservant caused withering of cut flowers when she touched them during her menstrual period. Similar observations were noted by Macht and colleagues.2,3 Acetone extracts of menstrual fluid were found toxic to primulas and could potentiate the epinephrine-induced contractions of the rat vas deferens in vitro.4 Pickles5 ushered in the era of prostaglandins in menstrual fluid when he showed that menstrual fluid extracts induced smooth muscle contractions in vitro; the term “menstrual stimulant” was coined, and this was later shown to be prostaglandins F and E.6 Later, women with primary dysmenorrhea were collectively shown to have a higher amount of menstrual fluid prostaglandins than normal women.7 During the 1970s, a few groups, including our laboratory, showed that endometrial and menstrual fluid prostaglandins were increased in dysmenorrhea women and could be reduced to below normal levels with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs while concomitant relief of the dysmenorrhea occurred.8–11
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health Behaviors and Preventive Health Services Among Prostate Cancer Survivors in the United States

Introduction Little is known about how health behaviors and receipt of preventive health care differ by race and ethnicity among prostate cancer survivors. The purpose of this study was to identify differences in the prevalence of 7 modifiable factors related to prostate cancer: smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, weight, colorectal cancer screening, influenza vaccination, and pneumococcal vaccination.
The First Evolutionary Leap

By 1886 everyone who cared to know was aware that in Hardy’s fiction, Casterbridge stood for Dorchester and was the county town of Wessex. The Mayor of Casterbridge is the only one of Hardy’s novels to have a place name in its title, and as we read we are forced to consider the town with the same kind of intensity that we were made to experience Egdon Heath in The Return of the Native. But the novel begins at a place we have never heard of, indeed the scene was ‘one that might have been matched at almost any spot in any county in England at this time of the year’, (vI cI) though we learn later the village is many miles to the north of Casterbridge. ‘Thus Weydon Priors is probably’, Lucy wrote, ‘but not certainly, outside Wessex. Before this, whenever Wessex people have wanted to refer to or remember a fair-day, it has been at Greenhill Fair. It comes with the surprise of novelty to find another fair in one of Mr Hardy’s novels.’
Rights of TODS Readers, Authors and Reviewers.

About eighteen months ago the ACM Publications Board approved a sweeping policy, termed the “Rights and Responsibilities in ACM Publishing” (http://www.acm.org/pubs/rights.html), summarizing the rights and responsibilities of readers, authors, reviewers, editors, program chairs and committees, and libraries vis-a-vis journals, transactions, magazines, conference proceedings, and SIG newsletters published by ACM [S02]. This policy document contains a mixture of current practice and goals for the near future. I and the TODS Editorial Board take these stated rights very seriously and have been working for over a year on developing mechanisms, policies, and procedures to ensure each of these rights. As a result of these efforts, TODS is the first ACM transactions to fully implement all 42 (!) rights listed here. I’ll discuss the steps we have and are taking. (I’ll not get into rights of Editorial Board members, except to state that those rights have also been fully implemented.) Included are several new policies that you as a prospective author or reviewer may appreciate.
Tobacco methyl salicylate esterase mediates nonhost resistance

Abstract Nonhost resistance is a type of broad-spectrum resistance exhibited by a given plant species to most strains of a pathogen which are generally pathogenic to other plant species. In this study, we have examined the role of tobacco SABP2 (Salicylic acid-Binding Protein 2) in nonhost resistance. SABP2, a methyl salicylate esterase is a critical component of SA-signaling pathway in tobacco plants. The transgenic tobacco SABP2-silenced lines treated with tetraFA, a known inhibitor of esterase activity of SABP2 exhibited enhanced susceptibility to nonhost pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola compared to the control plants. The increased accumulation of SABP2 transcripts upon Psp infection supports the involvement of SABP2 in nonhost resistance. The tetra-FA treated plants also showed delayed expression of pathogenesis related-1 gene upon Psp inoculations. The expression of nonhost marker genes CDM1 and HIN1 was also monitored in tobacco plants infected with host-pathogen P.s. pv. tabaci and P.s. pv. phaseolicola. Overall, results presented in this manuscript suggest that SABP2 has a role in nonhost resistance in tobacco plants.
A method for fetal assessment using data mining and machine learning

If a woman is pregnant, it is important for both her and her doctor/clinician to be aware if there are problems with the developing fetus. There are currently ways to discover problems using both noninvasive and invasive techniques. The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) has recently developed a noninvasive system called the Squid Array for Reproductive Assessment (SARA) that can be used to gather fetal heartbeat data. This raw data, however, must then be analyzed by a human being to determine if there is a problem with a given fetus. In this paper, we propose a method to enable a computer to determine if a fetus is in a healthy or unhealthy state by the employment of a technique that will allow for rapid analysis using data mining.
Speech affordances: A structural take on how much we can do with our words

Individuals can do a broad variety of things with their words and enjoy different degrees of this capacity. What moderates this capacity? And in cases in which this capacity is unjustly disrupted, what is a good explanation for it? These are the questions I address here. I propose that speech capacity, understood as the capacity to do things with your words, is a structural property importantly dependent on individuals' position in a social structure. My account facilitates a non-individualistic explanation of cases in which speech capacity is undermined due to speaker's perceived social identity, e.g. episodes of silencing. Instead of appealing to interlocutors' implicit bias against speaker's identity, a structural approach refers to the positions interlocutors occupy in the social structure and the discursive conventions operating upon those positions. I articulate my proposal drawing on the notion of affordances. Each position within a social structure is associated with its own range of speech affordances. Thus, speech capacity is a function of the probability distribution of speech affordances across positions in the structure.
New configuration of multi-functional grid-connected inverter to improve both current-based and voltage-based power quality

In this paper, a new configuration of a multi-functional grid-connected inverter is proposed to improve both voltage-based and current-based power quality issue. By implementing bidirectional switches using semiconductor devices, a multi-functional grid-connected inverter can be connected in series or parallel to the grid and provides three modes of operation. This paper presents the control scheme of a multi-functional grid-connected inverter in each operating mode, the realization of bidirectional switches, and simulation results of the proposed multi-functional grid-connected inverter.
Common Relationality: Antiracist Solidarity, Racial Embodiment, and the Problem of Self-Possession

The common is an inherently relational concept. As Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, Commonwealth (Belknap Press, 2009) put it in Commonwealth, “we all share and participate in the common” (p. viii). The shared participation of the common flows through the “common wealth of the material world—the air, the water, the fruits of the soil, and all nature’s bounty” that we are all bound to and dependent upon (p. viii). Secondly, the common is the result of social production—of interaction and movement across social worlds—and “cohabitation in a common world” (p. viii). As I walk out of my house each day to face the world, the common serves as the field and medium for experiential and relational engagement.
Use of an Automated Mobile Phone Messaging Robot in Postoperative Patient Monitoring.

Abstract Background: Mobile phone messaging software robots allow clinicians and healthcare systems to communicate with patients without the need for human intervention. The purpose of this study was to (1) describe a method for communicating with patients postoperatively outside of the traditional healthcare setting by utilizing an automated software and mobile phone messaging platform and to (2) evaluate the first week of postoperative pain and opioid use after common ambulatory hand surgery procedures. Materials and Methods: The investigation was a prospective, multicenter investigation of patient-reported pain and opioid usage after ambulatory hand surgery. Inclusion criteria included any adult with a mobile phone capable of text messaging, who was undergoing a common ambulatory hand surgical procedure at one of three tertiary care institutions. Participants received daily, automated text messages inquiring about their pain level and how many tablets of prescription pain medication they had taken in t...
What Happens after Special Education: A Statewide Follow-up Study of Secondary Students who have Behavioral Disorders:

Recently there have been several follow-up studies of students who have exited special education programs (Hasazi, Gordon, & Roe, 1985; Mithaug, Horiuchi, & Fanning, 1985). These studies raise an i...
A chief source of cancer and repair in stomachs

Differentiated cells had long been thought to be non‐dividing, though we now know many can proliferate after injury. A new study by Leushacke et al (2017) shows how injury recruits mature, Lgr5 ‐expressing gastric chief cells to become stem cells that can either regenerate damaged tissue or fuel precancerous lesions.
Increased Patient Satisfaction and a Reduction in Pre-Analytical Errors Following Implementation of an Electronic Specimen Collection Module in Outpatient Phlebotomy.

Background Patient satisfaction in outpatient phlebotomy settings typically depends on wait time and venipuncture experience, and many patients equate their experiences with their overall satisfaction with the hospital. Methods We compared patient service times and preanalytical errors pre- and postimplementation of an integrated electronic health record (EHR)-laboratory information system (LIS) and electronic specimen collection module. We also measured patient wait time and assessed patient satisfaction using a 5-question survey. Results The percentage of patients waiting less than 10 minutes increased from 86% preimplementation to 93% postimplementation of the EHR-LIS (P ≤.001). The median total service time decreased significantly, from 6 minutes (IQR, 4-8 minutes), to 5 minutes (IQR, 3-6 minutes) (P = .005). The preanalytical errors decreased significantly, from 3.20 to 1.93 errors per 1000 specimens (P ≤.001). Overall patient satisfaction improved, with an increase in excellent responses for all 5 questions (P ≤.001). Conclusions We found several benefits of implementing an electronic specimen collection module, including decreased wait and service times, improved patient satisfaction, and a reduction in preanalytical errors.
The Age Thickening of Sweetened Condensed Milk: IV. The Effect of Salts*

The effect of salts on the stability of simple colloidal sols is quite well understood. However, due to the complicated nature of the colloidal system of milk, their effect on the stability of the milk colloids is not so well understood, but has been investigated by a number of workers. Sommer (1) found that there is an optimum balance between the magnesium and calcium on one hand and the citrates and phosphates on the other hand in order to obtain the maximum heat stability of milk. Sommer and Binney (2) have shown that magnesium or calcium ions will change alcohol negative milk to alcohol positive milk, while citrate or phosphate ions will change an alcohol positive milk to alcohol negative. Sommer and Young (3) showed that with certain ice cream mixes the addition of sodium citrate or disodium phosphate before homogenization greatly increases the whipping ability and that additions of calcium lactate decrease the whipping ability. Henning and Dahlberg (4) found that the addition of sodium citrate and disodium phosphate to ice cream mixes before homogenization decreases the tendency of the fat globules to clump, decreases the viscosity of the mix and increases the whipping ability, while the addition of calcium salts has an opposite effect. They also showed that by the addition of potassium oxalate the calcium salts are precipitated and clumping is prevented entirely. North and Sommer (5) have shown that the electrical charge on the fat globules is involved in fat clu~nping and that the addition of positively charged ions decrease the charge on the globules and favors clumping while negatively charged ions have an opposite effect. Templeton and Sommer (6) reported that the whipping ability of whipping cream is increased by the addition of sodium citrate while calcium salts have an opposite effect. Traey and Ruehe (7) have demonstrated that calcium salts affect the feathering of cream in coffee and that feathering can be prevented by the addition of sodium citrate or disodium phosphate. The destabilizing effect of calcium on milk proteins has also been shown by the work of Van Slyke and Bosworth (8). They found that in neutralizing the excess of lime in a casein-lime-water solution with hydrochloric acid, Received for publication August 2, 1935. Published with the permission of the Director of the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station.
Effects of Implementing a Hybrid Wet Lab and Online Module Lab Curriculum into a General Chemistry Course: Impacts on Student Performance and Engagement with the Chemistry Triplet.

Here, we describe the implementation a hybrid general chemistry teaching laboratory curriculum that replaces a portion of a course’s traditional “wet lab” experiences with online virtual lab modules. These modules intentionally utilize representations on all three levels of the chemistry triplet—macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic. The implementation of this curriculum allowed an opportunity to evaluate this new course structure. First, student performance was assessed based on pre- and post-assessments. Second, dialogue from students working through the traditional and module versions of one lab was analyzed for how each format encouraged students to engage with the chemistry triplet. Data suggest both formats led to positive learning gains, but the differences between formats were not statistically significant. However, there was a significant difference in student engagement with the chemistry triplet, with module students showing a higher overall amount of triplet-related dialogue and more conti...
protaTETHER – a method for the incorporation of variable linkers in protein fusions reveals impacts of linker flexibility in a PKAc‐GFP fusion protein

Protein fusions are of fundamental importance in the study of cellular biology and the elucidation of cell signaling pathways, and the importance of linkers for the proper function of protein fusions is well documented in the literature. However, there are few convenient methods available to experimentalists for the systematic implementation of linkers in protein fusions. In this work, we describe a universal approach to the creation and insertion of focused linker libraries into protein fusions. This process, deemed protaTETHER, utilizes reiterative oligomer design, PCR-mediated linker library generation, and restriction enzyme-free cloning methods in a straightforward, three-step cloning process. We utilize a fusion between the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKAc) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) for the development of the protaTETHER method, implementing small linker libraries that vary by length, sequence, and predicted secondary structural elements. We analyze the impact of linker length and sequence on the expression, activity, and subcellular localization of the PKAc-GFP fusions, and use these results to select a PKAc-GFP fusion construct with robust expression and enzymatic activity. Based upon the results of both biochemical experiments and molecular modeling, we determine that linker flexibility is more important than linker length for optimal kinase activity and expression.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry and High-Energy Collisional Activation for Studies of Metal Ion-Molecule Reactions

The study of gas phase ion-molecule reactions has been greatly facilitated in recent years by the rapid development of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Originally promoted as a method for analysis of complex mixtures, MS/MS is now also used to determine ion structure, as well as reaction cross sections, thermodynamics, and kinetics.(1) MS/MS enables an ion to be selected quickly and accurately, with greater sensitivity and specificity than is possible in traditional mass spectrometry, and then allows the reactions in which the ion participates to be followed. The availability of new instrumentation(2) and the development of new methods(3) for MS/MS have made tandem mass spectrometry especially useful for the study of gas phase ion chemistry.
Toda la verdad y nada más que la verdad

«Much truth is spoken, that more may be concealed», wrote Mr. Justice Darling in 1879. Opening with an articulation of the distinction between truth (the phenomenon or concept) and truths (particular true propositions), this paper is largely devoted to: 1) developing an account of the dual meaning of «partially true» —«true-in-part» vs. «part of the truth»—; and 2) understanding the reasons for, and the dangers of, the very common tendency to tell only part of the relevant truth.
Dupuytren’s contracture following burn injury of the hand: A case report and review of literature

In burn patients, scar contractures adjacent to or across the joints lead to disabling deformities. In Dupuytren's disease, the proliferative process involves the fascia of the palm and fingers, resulting in disabling flexion contractures of the fingers and the palm. A single insult involving the hand or even a more proximal injury may lead to Dupuytren's disease.
4 – MUTUAL-HELP GROUPS

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the goals and key therapeutic processes of mutual-help groups (MHGs) presumed to facilitate improvement and/or maintenance of functioning. It reviews and evaluates available outcome data pertaining to MHGs' effectiveness in helping individuals manage or recover from their respective disorders, including any evidence in support of the key therapeutic processes. It describes the role MHGs plays in a formal treatment plan and describes how professionals facilitate and coordinate participation in these groups. It concludes by describing opportunities for further research and what might be done to help disseminate knowledge about MHGs and their potential utility. It provide information about various MHGs divided into three distinct problem areas—i.e., substance dependence (e.g., alcohol, cocaine), mental illness (e.g., schizophrenia, depression), and dual diagnosis (i.e., substance dependence in combination with mental illness). It provides summary tables containing brief descriptions of the MHGs, website and contact information, degree of evidence for the MHGs, and several other indices that facilitate easy comparisons of organizations along multiple lines. It also provides detailed MHG information in the text regarding other compulsive behaviors (e.g., gambling, sex, eating behaviors) and family-related MHGs.
Leviathans unbound: irrationalist political thought in interwar United States and Germany

This comparative ideological history considers why interwar America produced less prominent thought threatening parliamentarism and the rule of law than Germany. Despite different traditions, think...
A look into chaos detection through topological data analysis

Abstract Traditionally, computation of Lyapunov exponents has been the marque method for identifying chaos in a time series. Recently, new methods have emerged for systems with both known and unknown models to produce a definitive 0–1 diagnostic. However, there still lacks a method which can reliably perform an evaluation for noisy time series with no known model. In this paper, we present a new chaos detection method which utilizes tools from topological data analysis. Bi-variate density estimates of the randomly projected time series in the p - q plane described in Gottwald and Melbourne’s approach for 0–1 detection are used to generate a gray-scale image. We show that simple statistical summaries of the 0D sub-level set persistence of the images can elucidate whether or not the underlying time series is chaotic. Case studies on the Lorenz and Rossler attractors as well as the Logistic Map are used to validate this claim. We demonstrate that our test is comparable to the 0–1 correlation test for clean time series and that it is able to distinguish between periodic and chaotic dynamics even at high noise-levels. However, we show that neither our persistence based test nor the 0–1 test converges for trajectories with partially predicable chaos, i.e. trajectories with a cross-distance scaling exponent of zero and a non-zero cross correlation.
Bad Data Injection Attack Propagation in Cyber-Physical Power Delivery Systems

The coupling between information, communication and computing elements with the physical components of power systems introduces new cyber and cyber-physical security concerns. Addressing these concerns requires novel methods that complement the legacy and existing security solutions. Attacks such as bad data injection can cause disruptions that transcend the cyber realm and affect the physical world. This paper introduces a graph-based attack propagation model that simulates a bad data injection attack and executes a heuristic defense strategy using power system state estimation. We use the state estimator to identify maliciously injected data and adopt physical security metrics to decide attack mitigation actions. Visualization from analysis performed by this propagation simulation can guide the operator at the control center to take appropriate action to minimize disruption of the physical power system operation due to bad data injection attacks.
Helicobacter pylori infection

The present report describes two patients with fasting hypergastrinemia, gastric acid hypersecretion, andHelicobacter pylori gastritis. Provocative testing for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome was negative and imaging studies did not demonstrate an intra-abdominal mass. Following eradication of theHelicobacter pylori infection, the fasting hypergastrinemia resolved in both patients and in one patient the gastric acid hypersecretion also resolved. The implications of this case on the differential diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome are discussed.
Critical Latinx Indigeneities and Education: An Introduction

Indigenous Latinx children and youth are a growing population that has been largely invisible in U.S. society and in the scholarly literature (Barillas-Chon, 2010; Machado-Casas, 2009). Indigenous Latinx youth are often assumed to be part of a larger homogenous grouping, usually Hispanic or Latinx, and yet their cultural and linguistic backgrounds do not always converge with dominant racial narratives about what it means to be “Mexican” or “Latinx.” Bonfil Batalla (1987) argued that Indigenous Mexicans are a poblacion negada—or negated population—whose existence has been systematically denied as part of a centuries-long colonial project of indigenismo (indigenism) in Mexico and other Latin American countries. This systematic denial in countries of origin often continues once Indigenous people migrate to the U.S., as they are actively rendered invisible in U.S. schools through the semiotic process of erasure (Alberto, 2017; Urrieta, 2017). Indigenous Latinx families are often also overlooked as they are grouped into general categories such as Mexican, Guatemalan, Latinx, and/or immigrants. In this issue, we seek to examine the intersections of Latinx Indigeneities and education to better understand how Indigenous Latinx communities define and constitute Indigeneity across multiple and overlapping colonialities and racial geographies, and, especially, how these experiences overlap with, and shape their educational experiences.
Construction and preliminary evaluation of the inpatient glycemic control questionnaire (IGCQ): a survey tool assessing perceptions and knowledge of resident physicians

Uncontrolled hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients, with or without diabetes mellitus, is associated with many adverse outcomes. Resident physicians are the primary managers of inpatient glycemic control (IGC) in many academic and community medical centers; however, no validated survey tools related to their perceptions and knowledge of IGC are currently available. As identification of common barriers to successful IGC amongst resident physicians may help foster better educational interventions (ultimately leading to improvements in IGC and patient care), we sought to construct and preliminarily evaluate such a survey tool. We developed the IGC questionnaire (IGCQ) by using previously published but unvalidated survey tools related to physician perspectives on inpatient glycemic control as a framework. We administered the IGCQ to a cohort of resident physicians from the University of Mississippi Medical Center, University of Louisville, Emory University, and the University of Virginia. We then used classical test theory and Rasch Partial Credit Model analyses to preliminarily evaluate and revise the IGCQ. The final survey tool contains 16 total items and three answer-choice categories for most items. Two hundred forty-six of 438 (56.2%) eligible resident physicians completed the IGCQ during various phases of development. We constructed and preliminarily evaluated the IGCQ, a survey tool that may be useful for future research into resident physician perceptions and knowledge of IGC. Future studies could seek to externally validate the IGCQ and then utilize the survey tool in pre- and post-intervention assessments.