cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mistrust of Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease Clinical Trials Research.

Introduction Sickle cell disease (SCD) research is hampered by disparities in participation due in part to mistrust of research among racial/ethnic minorities. Beyond the historic context of research misconduct, little is known about the associations of social ecologic factors with mistrust and of mistrust with SCD clinical trials enrollment. This study evaluated proximal (age, gender, disease severity, perceived stress, SES) and distal (religious beliefs, social support, instrumental support) factors related to mistrust of research among caregivers of children with SCD and adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with SCD. Methods Over an 18-month period (2009–2010), participants completed questionnaires of perceived barriers and benefits to clinical trials enrollment, perceived stress, and self-reported demographic and disease-related information. Analyses (January–June 2015) used multivariable linear regressions to evaluate predictors of mistrust. Results Data were analyzed for 154 caregivers (mean age, 38.75 years; SD=9.56 years; 90.30% female) and 88 AYAs (mean age, 24.76 years; SD=7.25 years; 46.40% female). Among caregivers (full model, R 2 =0.14, p ≤0.001), greater mistrust was explained by higher perceived stress (β=0.04, p =0.052); religious beliefs (β=0.61, p ≤0.001); and greater instrumental support (β=0.07, p =0.044). Among AYAs (full model, R 2 =0.18, p ≤0.001), higher mistrust was explained by being male (β=–0.56, p ≤0.001) and lower instrumental support (β=–0.11, p =0.016). Mistrust was significantly greater among caregivers that reported no prior involvement in medical research ( p =0.003). Conclusions By understanding the complexity through which social ecologic factors contribute to mistrust, researchers may create targeted strategies to address mistrust and increase engagement in SCD research for caregivers and AYAs.
Two types of non-verbal predication in modern irish

Le nombre de constructions copulatives que l'on peut retrouver avec des predicats non-verbaux a recemment fait l'objet de controverse. Les approches traditionnelles soutiennent qu'il existe deux constructions copulatives : une construction equative - avec deux syntagmes nominaux arguments - et une construction predicative - avec un seul argument et un predicat non-verbal. Recemment, plusieurs auteurs ont remis en cause cette opposition en argumentant que les constructions equatives manifestent des asymetries semblables a celles des constructions predicatives, que ces asymetries sont dues a une simple distinction sujet/predicat, et qu'il n'existerait donc qu'une seule construction copulative dans les langues naturelles : la construction predicative. Cet article presente des arguments syntaxiques en faveur de la division semantique traditionnelle entre les equatives et les predicatives. Il est montre qu'en irlandais moderne, deux ordres de mots distincts correspondent a la division equative/predicative et que ces deux constructions possedent des proprietes syntaxiques et semantiques distinctes. De plus, il est aussi demontre que les asymetries utilisees comme argument en faveur d'une unique construction copulative sont dues a de simples conditions structurales plutot qu'a une division sujet/predicat
Aeras: A next generation global atmosphere model

Sandia National Laboratories is developing a new global atmosphere model named Aeras that is performance portable and supports the quantification of uncertainties. These next-generation capabilities are enabled by building Aeras on top of Albany, a code base that supports the rapid development of scientific application codes while leveraging Sandia's foundational mathematics and computer science packages in Trilinos and Dakota. Embedded uncertainty quantification (UQ) is an original design capability of Albany, and performance portability is a recent upgrade. Other required features, such as shell-type elements, spectral elements, efficient explicit and semi-implicit time-stepping, transient sensitivity analysis, and concurrent ensembles, were not components of Albany as the project began, and have been (or are being) added by the Aeras team. We present early UQ and performance portability results for the shallow water equations.
Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System

Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms (headache, lethargy, impaired psychomotor performance) are frequent components of viral infections; however, viral infections of the CNS occur infrequently and most often result in relatively benign, self-limited disease. Nevertheless, these infections have tremendous importance because of their potential for causing neurologic damage and death. The CNS is exquisitely sensitive to metabolic derangements and tissue injury. Clinical recovery is slow and often incomplete (1, 2). Patient history, while frequently suggestive of a diagnosis, remains an unreliable method for determining the specific etiology of CNS disease (1, 3). Tumors, infections, and autoimmune processes in the CNS often produce similar signs and symptoms (3). Different diseases may share common pathogenic mechanisms and therefore result in a similar clinical presentation. Furthermore, understanding disease pathogenesis provides a rational basis for the development of therapeutics including antivirals and strategies for the prevention of viral CNS infections.
Utilizing Quantitative in Situ FTIR Spectroscopy To Identify Well-Coordinated Pt Atoms as the Active Site for CO Oxidation on Al2O3-Supported Pt Catalysts

Relationships between geometric structures of active metallic sites and areal rates of reaction (structure sensitivity) are extensively studied for supported metal catalysts. For CO oxidation on irreducible oxide-supported Pt catalysts, there still exists a discrepancy regarding structure sensitivity. Theoretical and single-crystal analyses suggest the CO oxidation reaction rate should be highly structure sensitive, whereas measurements on supported Pt catalysts show only minimal structure sensitivity. Here, we used quantitative in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to investigate the influence of CO oxidation reaction conditions on the fraction of well-coordinated (WC) and under-coordinated (UC) Pt active sites on a series of four α-Al2O3-supported Pt catalysts with average Pt sizes ranging from ∼1.4 to 19 nm. Pt nanoparticle surfaces were observed to restructure under CO oxidation reaction conditions, increasing the fraction of UC Pt sites. Reconstruction rendered ...
A feasible repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation clinical protocol in migraine prevention.

Objective:This case series was conducted to determine the clinical feasibility of a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol for the prevention of migraine (with and without aura).Meth...
SIMULATING THE USE OF DISCLOSED ITEMS IN COMPUTERIZED ADAPTIVE TESTING1,2

Regular use of questions previously made available to the public (disclosed) may provide one way to meet the requirement for large numbers of questions in a continuous testing environment, that is, an environment in which testing is offered at test-taker convenience throughout the year rather than on a few prespecified test dates. First it must be shown that such use has effects on test scores small enough to be acceptable. In this study simulations are used to explore the use of disclosed items under a worst case scenario which assumes that disclosed items are always answered correctly. Some item pool and test designs were identified in which the use of disclosed items produces effects on test scores that may be viewed as negligible.
Influence of Certain Processing Steps on Attachment of Microorganisms to Pork Skin1

Pseudomonas putrefaciens and lactobacillus counts of inoculated pork skin obtained with the maceration method usually were higher than were those obtained with the rinse method. Scalding and dehairing and shaving caused extensive destruction of the test organisms when placed on the skin before these slaughter-dressing steps. Smaller decreases in count occurred during singeing and washing and during evisceration and washing. Increases in S value (log count by maceration method minus log count by rinse method) for P. putrefaciens and a Lactobacillus sp. after freezing-thawing of inoculated pork skin may be related to a higher death rate of bacteria in the water film than for those entrapped in skin crevices. P. putrefaciens and the Lactobacillus sp. that were attached to pork skin exhibited greater heat resistance than did those bacteria which were not attached to skin. During storage of inoculated pork skin, S values of P. putrefaciens and the Lactobacillus sp. increased; this increase probably reflects in...
Self-powered glucose biosensor operating under physiological conditions

Here we describe the characterization of a self-powered glucose biosensor comprising of a multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) modified with pyroquinoline quinone glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) bioanode and bilirubin oxidase biocathode at physiological conditions. The assembly shows an enhancement in peak power and current densities as compared to the self-powered glucose biosensor comprising of PQQ-GDH bioanode and laccase biocathode. The assembly produced a maximum open circuit voltage of 480.1 mV and short circuit current density of 640 μA/cm2 with a peak power density of 89.27 μW/cm2. The self-powered glucose biosensor exhibited an extended linear dynamic range of 0.1 mM to 35 mM with a sensitivity of 12.221 Hz/mM cm2. The use of bilirubin oxidase as the cathodic enzyme in addition to the design of biofuel cell assembly makes it a viable candidate as a potential power source for bioelectronics devices.
Robust optimization with time-dependent uncertainty in radiation therapy

ABSTRACTIn the recent past, robust optimization methods have been developed and successfully applied to a variety of single-stage problems. More recently, some of these approaches have been extended to multi-stage settings with fixed uncertainties. However, in many real-world applications, uncertainties evolve over time, rendering the robust solutions suboptimal. This issue is particularly prevalent in medical decision making, where a patient’s condition can change during the course of the treatment. In the context of radiation therapy, changes in cell oxygenation directly affect the response to radiation. To address such uncertain changes, we provide a general robust optimization framework that incorporates time-dependent uncertainty sets in a tractable fashion. Temporal changes reside within a cone, whose projection at each step yields the current uncertainty set. We develop conic robust two-stage linear problems and provide their robust counterparts for uncertain constraint parameters, covering the ran...
La tisis del alma: la enfermedad y el viaje en Gorriti

In this essay I will analyze Laura, the main character from Peregrinaciones de una alma triste in order to discuss the process by which the agency of the feminine subject subverts the symbolic order. I will apply the concept of Pharmakon, as used by Jacques Derrida, on two different levels to show the complex relation between women patient and illness; and also to elucidate the situation of women while traveling and in exile.
Constant volts per hertz control of ultra-high speed switched reluctance machines

Ultra-high speed machines have become more and more interesting to researchers in the past few decades. Switched reluctance machines (SRMs) are very attractive to researchers due to their simple geometry. However, traditional control methods are not suitable for ultra-high speed applications because of their super-high switching frequency. In this paper, a constant volts per hertz control for ultra-high speed SRMs over the entire speed range from 0 to 1 million rpm is proposed. The main idea is to reach one pulse per stroke over the entire speed range by controlling the supply voltage over rotational speed to be a constant value and fixing the switching on and off angles close but before the machine goes into saturation. A Simulink closed loop control model is built based on the finite element model to validate the proposed control. The results show that the switching frequency is decreased to a minimum value.
EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS MENISCAL ATTACHMENTS AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES ON FEMORAL BONE STRESS

In this paper, several finite element models of an equine stifle joint with varying meniscal properties and attachments are compared to understand the effects of meniscal attachment complexity and ...
A comparison of two modeling approaches for establishing and implementing energy use reduction targets for a university campus

Abstract To reduce global greenhouse gas emissions associated with building energy use, owners of large building portfolios such as university campuses frequently rely on building energy models (BEM) to better understand potential costs and benefits of retrofits. Model development workflows that are designed for individual buildings require a level of effort that would be time and cost prohibitive to apply to such campuses which often include hundreds of diverse-use buildings. While smaller campuses can effectively utilize the traditional BEM approach to study retrofit scenarios, this option is therefore not feasible for larger campuses. Large universities have instead utilized a combination of statistical and spreadsheet models which may not fully capture the unique architectural features, programmatic requirements, and systems configurations of individual campus buildings. With the goal of overcoming these limitations, two separate urban energy models, that employed considerably different methodologies, were developed for the campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to evaluate future energy scenarios with an appreciably smaller effort vis-a-vis developing building-by-building energy models. This study reviews these two models with regards to their setup and calibration effort, ability to model individual building energy use, and the accuracy in predicted savings from implementing a variety of retrofitting measures. The paper identifies both models’ strengths and limitations and suggests best practice procedures for administrators of other campuses interested in undergoing a similar exercise.
Kathryn B. H. Clancy, Katie Hinde, and Julienne N. Rutherford (eds): Building Babies: Primate Development in Proximate and Ultimate Perspective. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects, Vol. 37 (Series Editor: Louise Barrett)

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Classification and Clustering Methods

This chapter covers two widely used classes of multivariate data analysis methods, classification and clustering methods. Classification methods are meant: (i) to statistically distinguish or “discriminate” between differences in two or more groups when one knows beforehand that such groupings exist in the data set of measurements provided, and (ii) subsequently assign or allocate a future unclassified observation into a specific group with the smallest misclassification error. Numerous classification techniques, divided into three groups: parametric, heuristic and regression trees, are described and illustrated by way of examples. Clustering involves situations when the number of clusters or groups is not known beforehand, and the intent is to allocate a set of observation sets into groups which are similar or “close” to one another with respect to certain attribute(s) or characteristic(s). In general, the number of clusters is not predefined and has to be gleaned from the data set. This and the fact that one does not have a training data set to build a model make clustering a much more difficult problem than classification. Two types of clustering techniques, namely partitional and hierarchical, are described. This chapter provides a non-mathematical overview of these numerous techniques with conceptual understanding enhanced by way of simple examples as well as actual case study examples.
Solutions of Diffusion Equations in Channel Domains

We will discuss the existence and the qualitative properties of solutions of the problem $$\begin{gathered} \Delta u + f(u)\; = \;0{\text{ }}in{\text{ }}\Omega \hfill \\ {\text{ }}u = \;0{\text{ }}on{\text{ }}\partial \Omega ; \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ here Ω is a channel of the form $$\Omega \; = \;\{ {\mkern 1mu} (x,{\mkern 1mu} y)\;:\;x\; \in \;{\mathbb{R}^1},\quad 0 < y < \;\emptyset (x)\;\} .$$ .
Gendered bathrooms, critical geography, and the lived experience of schools

Gendered bathrooms in schools have received increased attention in the last few years because of related policy decisions. This article suggests that this controversy provides fertile ground for ne...
In situ enrichment of microbial communities on polarized electrodes deployed in alkaline hot springs

Abstract The discovery of the ability of microorganisms to exchange electrons with inert electrodes has triggered new areas in fundamental and applied research. However, the field is currently limited to several known electrochemically active microorganisms enriched and isolated in research laboratories. An alternative strategy is to enrich such microorganisms in their native environment by allowing them to exchange electrons with polarized solid electrodes. The use of this approach is currently limited because of a lack of available tools. We developed a low-cost, battery-operated potentiostat that is capable of controlling the potential of a working electrode and can be deployed and operated remotely, allowing the enrichment of microorganisms on electrodes in their native environment. The device was tested in four alkaline hot springs in Heart Lake Geyser Basin in Yellowstone National Park (with a temperature ranging from 45 οC to 91 οC and a relatively constant pH of 8.5–8.7). Microbial community analysis showed a change in microbial community structure after 32 days of polarization. The impact of polarization on microbial community was most substantial on the electrodes that generated the highest cathodic and anodic currents, suggesting a direct impact of polarization on electrode microbial community.
Implications for Fisheries Policy of Complex Ecologic–Economic Dynamics

Fishery dynamics are considered within the context of an integrated ecologic–economic, or bioeconomic, approach. The possibility of complex dynamics is examined, both of the chaotic as well as the catastrophic variety. Issues involving learning and convergence by fishers are considered as are complications arising from the hierarchical nature of fisheries. Policy responses to these problems are seen to involve the precautionary principle to mitigate the threat of catastrophic discontinuities and the scale-matching principle to ensure that management and property rights system are properly implemented.
Hot Spots of Carbon and Alkalinity Cycling in the Coastal Oceans.

Ocean calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production and preservation play a key role in the global carbon cycle. Coastal and continental shelf (neritic) environments account for more than half of global CaCO3 accumulation. Previous neritic CaCO3 budgets have been limited in both spatial resolution and ability to project responses to environmental change. Here, a 1° spatially explicit budget for neritic CaCO3 accumulation is developed. Globally gridded satellite and benthic community area data are used to estimate community CaCO3 production. Accumulation rates (PgC yr−1) of four neritic environments are calculated: coral reefs/banks (0.084), seagrass-dominated embayments (0.043), and carbonate rich (0.037) and poor (0.0002) shelves. This analysis refines previous neritic CaCO3 accumulation estimates (~0.16) and shows almost all coastal carbonate accumulation occurs in the tropics, >50% of coral reef accumulation occurs in the Western Pacific Ocean, and 80% of coral reef, 63% of carbonate shelf, and 58% of bay accumulation occur within three global carbonate hot spots: the Western Pacific Ocean, Eastern Indian Ocean, and Caribbean Sea. These algorithms are amenable for incorporation into Earth System Models that represent open ocean pelagic CaCO3 production and deep-sea preservation and assess impacts and feedbacks of environmental change.
Branch and Round: An Enumerative Algorithm for Integer Programs

The Branch and Round algorithm uses the device (introduced as a heuristic procedure by Hillier [4] ) of locating a central point in a polyhedron and then rounding that point to the closest integer point as the fundamental search mechanism for an enumerative algorithm. No computational experience is currently available. Each unfathomed vertex separates into a comparatively large number of immediate successors. Therefore successful computation requires a low probability that many separations will be needed to achieve fathoming. Hopefully computations will show that excessive tree depth is not required or will provide useful clues for identification of (and response to) structural characteristics of polyhedra that generate “deep” trees.
Comparative Genomics in Legumes

The legume family will soon include three sequenced genomes. The majority of the euchromatic portions of the model legumes Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus have been sequenced in clone-by-clone projects, and the sequencing of the soybean genome is underway in a whole-genome shotgun project. Genome-wide sequence-based comparisons between three genomes with common ancestry at less than ∼50 million years will enable us to infer many features of the ancestral genome, to trace evolutionary differences such as rates of particular gene- or transposon-family expansions or losses, to better understand processes of genome remodeling that follow polyploidy, and to transfer knowledge to other crop and forage legumes. Comparisons among these genomes show a lack of large-scale genome duplications within the Lotus or Medicago genomes following separation of those lineages approximately 40 mya, evidence of an older shared polyploidy event, and clear evidence of a more recent duplication in soybean following the separation from the Medicago and Lotus common ancestor at approximately 50 mya. In contrast to the extensive rearrangements observed in the Arabidopsis genome, the Lotus and Medicago genomes have retained substantial gene collinearity, at the scale of whole chromosomes or chromosome arms – good news for translational genomics across a broad spectrum of forage and crop legumes.
Hemostasis and Thrombosis

Plasma fibronectin was first discovered as a contaminant of fibrinogen and as a constituent, along with fibrinogen, of various forms of plasma cryoprecipitate. Thus, an involvement with fibrin(ogen) has been implicit from the outset (Section 5.2). Further analyses showed that pFN was a substrate for the blood clotting enzyme, factor XIIIa transglutaminase (Section 5.3), and that FN becomes incorporated into blood clots during hemostasis and thrombosis. The role of FN in cellular adhesion and spreading of cells (Chapter 8) and in the organization of the cytoskeleton (Chapter 9) suggested further that some form of FN could play a role in the adhesion, spreading, and aggregation of blood platelets during the initial steps of hemostasis. In the paper describing the initial purification of pFN, Mosesson and Umfleet (1970) mentioned that FN could be detected in platelet lysates and immunofluorescence analyses of platelets adhering to collagen in vitro showed accumulation of FN around adherent platelets (Hynes et al, 1978).
Lessons Learned at a COVID-19 designated hospital.

During early 2020, New York City became an epicenter for coronavirus disease 2019. The University Hospital of Brooklyn, which is the primary teaching hospital for the State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, became the only COVID-19 designated hospital in Brooklyn. The Department of Surgery implemented drastic changes to address the hospital's needs while remaining committed to the education of surgical residents. They ensured resident safety, continued surgical education, participation and contribution to the care of COVID-19 patients. We were able to accomplish these goals using an access and procedure team and program-wide use of video-conferencing platforms. Here, we have shared our experiences and solutions to the challenges that our department faced during this pandemic.
Motivations for a career in policing: social group differences and occupational satisfaction

This study aimed to evaluate the dimensionality of motivations to become a police officer; assess sex, race, and ethnicity differences in motives; and analyze the relationship between motivations, ...
Abusive Supervision in Agencies: The Role of Gender in Reporting and Complaint Success

Even though studies often examine supervisory acts of non-physical aggression (i.e., abusive supervision) towards subordinates, most examine either the antecedents or the adverse outcomes of abusiv...
Income Inequalities in Traffic Crash Victims: A Closer Look at Disability and Labor Market Dynamics

This study investigates the long term socio-economic impacts of traffic crashes at the individual level. In particular, this paper places its central interest in shaping a dynamic model that explains the structural sources of earnings loss of traffic crash victims. Existing literature argues that physical disability from a traffic crash leads to earnings losses in the long run. This paper proposes to move this argument further and assumes that disability itself is not entirely responsible for earnings loss. More important are labor market outcomes associated with disability including work hours reduction and job loss. Thus one expects to find the causal relationship between the labor market outcome after a traffic crash and earnings loss.By using the original data on traffic victims’ post-crash socio-economic status changes collected from a survey questionnaire conducted in South Korea, this paper shows that while disability is positively related to a decrease of personal income after a traffic crash, it is not entirely responsible for the income reduction. When labor market related variables such as job loss and working hours decrease are added to the model, the effect of the disability disappears and labor market related variables appear to be statistically significant. This suggests that disability is a mediating factor for earnings loss but not the key causality.As such, traffic crashes are, by all means, a matter of public health and safety, but at a certain point, the problem takes a qualitative turn to issues of economic development, income inequality and welfare. Understanding the above-mentioned mechanism provides insights to identify what kind of policy intervention can help reduce potential income inequality generated by traffic crashes. While disability might poses a critical limitation to individuals, if they can still continue their employment, the income decrease will be much less severe. This suggests that through intervention in the labor market, the government can help reduce the income inequality that is artificially induced by traffic crashes.
Calibration in Consciousness Science

To study consciousness, scientists need to determine when participants are conscious and when they are not. They do so with consciousness detection procedures. A recurring skeptical argument against those procedures is that they cannot be calibrated: there is no way to make sure that detection outcomes are accurate. In this article, I address two main skeptical arguments purporting to show that consciousness scientists cannot calibrate detection procedures. I conclude that there is nothing wrong with calibration in consciousness science.
Rapid determination of supercritical CO2 and brine relative permeability using an unsteady-state flow method

Abstract Relative permeability of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) and brine was determined in reactive and non-reactive rock cores using a combination of unsteady-state methodology and computed tomography. Experiments were conducted using a medical grade CT scanner to determine saturation using a custom Python script. The saturation and differential pressure across the core were then used to derive four empirical constants to calculate relative permeability. This methodology increases temporal efficiency while reducing experimental complexity. Additionally, we show that the method can be used to determine scCO2 relative permeability in a wide range of lithologies and flow rates, and with the ability to account for matrix dissolution during scCO2 flooding. Plain Language Summary : The ability to capture and store carbon dioxide (CO2) is an important component of efforts to slow climate change. Long-term geologic storage of CO2 requires accurate descriptions of injected CO2 in subsurface rock formations to account for stored volumes and develop adequate risk monitoring. Effectively describing the migration of CO2 injected in underground reservoirs requires an accurate description of how CO2 moves and interacts with the rock. Relative permeability, or the description of how efficiently a fluid moves in a porous media while in the presence of other fluids, is the most utilized tool for describing the competitive flow of fluids. In this study, we detail a modified unsteady-state methodology using computed tomography that provides relative permeability quickly and can be used to analyze heterogenous media. The methodology can be used to describe the impacts of dissolution on CO2 transport through reactive cores, which to the authors knowledge, has not been described in the literature previously.
Prognostic significance of diarrhea in cows with left displacement of the abomasum

The recovery rate from surgical and medical therapy for left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) was much lower in 74 cows presented with diarrhoea. Severe concurrent disease was often present, but the incidence of metritis, mastitis and peritonitis was not significantly different from the entire group of 315 cows with LDA. There were more cases of peritonitis in cows with LDA showing diarrhoea than in cows with LDA not showing diarrhoea. The death rate was almost twice as great in cows with diarrhoea as in the entire group, and nearly 21/2 times greater than for cows not showing diarrhoea.
Broadband photocurrent spectroscopy and temperature dependence of band gap of few-layer indium selenide (InSe)

Understanding broadband photoconductive behaviour in two-dimensional layered materials is important in order to utilize them for a variety of opto-electronic applications. Results of photocurrent spectroscopy measurements performed on few-layer indium selenide (InSe) flakes are presented here. Temperature (T)-dependent (40 K < T < 300 K) photocurrent spectroscopy was performed in order to estimate the band gap energies Eg(T) of InSe at various temperatures. Measurements indicate that room temperature Eg value for InSe flake is $\sim $ 1.254 eV, which increased to a value of $\sim $ 1.275 eV at low temperatures. The estimation of Debye temperatures by analysing the observed experimental variation of Eg as a function of T using several theoretical models is presented and discussed.
Tell Me More®: A medical student focused humanistic communication model to enhance student professional identity formation through meaningful patient encounters.

Abstract Introduction The Tell Me More (TMM)® program provides a template for guided interviews to help providers procure an expansive social history from patients and connect with them as people beyond their illness. (TMM)® may provide a dual benefit: it improves the patient’s experience with their healthcare team and the medical students' experience in developing their identity as a physician. Our aim was to characterize the impact of the patient-student conversations in TMM® on the participating medical students through analysis of their written reflections throughout the program. Methods Students conducted interviews with hospitalized patients using the TMM® template, Through narrative medicine and individualized posters, patients were able to highlight their unique qualities. Results Qualitative analyses of 63 journal reflections from 14 students, across 7 hospital settings, identified 6 themes. These included connection, humanism, discovery, impact, privilege, and perspective. Conclusion Reflective practice as a learning pedagogy created an opportunity to enhance the medical students’ awareness of empathy and compassion during the TMM® program. Documentation of reflections assured students would process the encounter as a profound learning experience and develop their professional identity formation as a student preparing to become a physician. Practical implications TMM® provides an opportunity for medical students to practice and apply their interpersonal and communication skills through authentic patient encounters.
Supporting a rural wellness intervention through assessing and mapping rural physical activity environments

Abstract Rural residents are more likely to be physically inactive than their urban counterparts and are therefore at higher risk for obesity and cardiovascular disease. Research has shown that these disparities are driven in part by the physical environment, policies, and programming in rural communities. The purpose of this study was to use the Rural Active Living Assessment (RALA) to assess the physical activity environment of four Midwestern towns and to develop physical activity maps to support Enhanced Win With Wellness, a community-based cardiovascular risk reduction program. The RALA Town Wide (TWA) and Program and Policy (PPA) assessments were conducted in all four towns and are scored from (0–100). The TWA scores ranged from 69 to 96 (mean = 82.25) and the PPA scores ranged from 47 to 70 (mean = 59.75), indicating the towns had more amenities that supported physical activity than policies and programming. Using data gathered from the RALA assessments, digital physical activity maps were created for each town using the Google Maps platform and accessible through QR codes. The maps were advertised through Facebook and flyers to program participants and were viewed 3,073 times during the study period. Our study illustrates how the results from the TWA and PPA can be transformed into an easily accessible map that can used to reach populations residing in rural communities to increase awareness of physical activity amenities and improve engagement. It is also useful in helping identify gaps in recreational opportunities and to assist in developing policies or programs supporting physical activity.
Generalized inverses and resolution in the solution of linear equations

A new generalized inverse of a singular and/or rectangular matrix is constructed by utilizing the Moore-Penrose generalized inverse. If this new inverse is used for solving a system of linear equations then it yields a solution vector with good resolution and small errors. Such solutions are particularly useful in remote sensing of atmospheric temperature profiles by satellites.
Practical aspects of electron transport through single molecules

We describe precise theoretical predictions and experiment interpretations dealing with the electrical characteristics of single molecules that help us in the development of atomistic design automation tools, and the design of proof-of-concept experiments. When calculating molecules, one of the most important properties is the current-voltage characteristics. For this, it is necessary to define a realistic source of electrons that requires periodic boundary conditions. These theoretical procedures are combined in electron transport approach based on a Green formalism.
Duplications of the alimentary tract.

The term "duplication" should be used when describing those spherical or tubular structures found along the alimentary tract whose walls contain well-developed muscular layers and whose lining is a mucosa similar to that of some part of the alimentary tract. They should not be confused with mesenteric lymphatic cysts, or anomalies arising from a Meckel9s diverticulum. Symptoms produced by these lesions usually vary according to their location, their size, and the type of fluid secreted by their mucosa. Duplications should almost invariably be removed, even though they are incidentally discovered and have not as yet given rise to symptoms. The pitfalls met with surgical treatment of these lesions are discussed. In this series, cases treated prior to 1940 carried fatality rates which were quite high; in the 20 cases treated in the last four years there have been no deaths. Sixty-eight examples of duplications from one institution are briefly listed; 45 of these have not appeared in the literature before. This amount of material coming from one hospital would seem to indicate that these abnormalities must occur with sufficient frequency to warrant the attention of pediatrician, roentgenologist, and surgeon so that they can be recognized promptly and treated suitably.
Communication Curricula at Universities in the Republic of Korea: Evolution and Challenges in the Digital Age

This paper examines the current status, strengths and weaknesses of media communication curricula at 95 South Korean universities. It aims to find out whether the communication departments at South Korean universities reflect the global trend towards an integrated curriculum in the communication discipline as the literature suggests. This means a curriculum that integrates the theory, practice, and inter-disciplinary philosophies of Communication Studies, Journalism, Mass Communication, Advertising, Public Relations and Digital Media. The analysis shows that overall the current curricula in South Korean universities, which lean towards liberal-professional education, are relatively lacking in inter-disciplinarity. Most lacking is in the theory and practice of Communication Studies, particularly in Speech Communication and Public/Business Speaking. This study concludes with a proposed model for an integrated liberal, practical, and inter-disciplinary communication curriculum.
An American Anthropologist in Melanesia: A. B. Lewis and the Joseph N. Field South Pacific Expedition, 1909–1913

An American Anthropologist in Melanesia: A. B. Lewis and the Joseph N. Field South Pacific Expedition, 1909–1913. Robert L. Welsch. ed. and annotator. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. 1998. Vol. l, xxi. 632pp.; Vol.2,268pp.
Facilitation of Conditioned Fear Extinction by Systemic Administration or Intra-Amygdala Infusions of d-Cycloserine as Assessed with Fear-Potentiated Startle in Rats

NMDA receptor antagonists block conditioned fear extinction when injected systemically and also when infused directly into the amygdala. Here we evaluate the ability of D-cycloserine (DCS), a partial agonist at the strychnine-insensitive glycine-recognition site on the NMDA receptor complex, to facilitate conditioned fear extinction after systemic administration or intra-amygdala infusions. Rats received 10 pairings of a 3.7 sec light and a 0.4 mA footshock (fear conditioning). Fear-potentiated startle (increased startle in the presence vs the absence of the light) was subsequently measured before and after 30, 60, or 90 presentations of the light without shock (extinction training). Thirty non-reinforced light presentations produced modest extinction, and 60 or 90 presentations produced nearly complete extinction (experiment 1). DCS injections (3.25, 15, or 30 mg/kg) before 30 non-reinforced light exposures dose-dependently enhanced extinction (experiment 2) but did not influence fear-potentiated startle in rats that did not receive extinction training (experiment 3). These effects were blocked by HA-966, an antagonist at the glycine-recognition site (experiment 4). Neither DCS nor HA-966 altered fear-potentiated startle when injected before testing (experiment 5). The effect of systemic administration was mimicked by intra-amygdala DCS (10 microg/side) infusions (experiment 6). These results indicate that treatments that promote NMDA receptor activity after either systemic or intra-amygdala administration promote the extinction of conditioned fear.
629 CHANGES IN PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF MICROVILLUS MEMBRANE IN NEWBORNS: POSSIBLE CAUSE OF MUCOSAL BARRIER DYSFUNCTION

Investigation of the mucosal barrier has shown that increased membrane fluidity, membrane permeability and macromolecular transport are characteristics of the immature microvillus membrane of the newborn intestine. Since phospholipids (PL) may have a great influence on membrane function, analysis of PL was carried out in microvillus membrane (MVM) of newborn and adult rat small intestine. MVM was prepared from the proximal half of the small intestine by the MgCl2 precipitation method. PL were separated by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. The major PL found in the newborn MVM were phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine. Other detectable PL were phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanol-amine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The proportion of PC was much higher in the newborn MVM than the adult (44.4 vs 36.4%), whereas the proportion of PI was lower (3.6 vs 7.4%). In addition, the total phospholipid content of MVM was increased in the newborn as compared to the adult (317 vs 195 mg/mg protein), although no difference was found in the molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid between.these two MVM preparations. This study suggests that quantitative and qualitative changes in MVM phospholipids may, in part, contribute to the maturation of mucosal barrier function of intestinal surface.
Analysis of a finite-capacity M/G/1 queue with a resume level

Abstract In order to model the buffer pool behavior in a data communication component, an M/G/1/ K queue where input is shut down when the queue size (number of messages) attains K until it decreases to a specified level is analyzed. By use of semi-Markov process approach, the queue length distribution at an arbitrary time is found, and the resultant performance measures (utilization, loss probability, and mean response time) are computed.
Integrable Galactic Models

Expose des progres recents sur le probleme du modele dynamique stellaire pour un potentiel de la forme Stackel
Multimode Fiber as a High-Resolution, Low-Loss Spectrometer

Spectrometers are widely used tools in chemical and biological sensing, material analysis and light source characterization. Traditional spectrometers use a grating/prism to disperse light.
Results of radionuclide assessment of cardiac function following transplantation of the heart.

Abstract Radionuclide assessment of ejection fraction was determined early and late postoperatively following cardiac transplantation in 16 patients. In 11 patients, ejection fraction was determined within 48 hours of an endocardial biopsy. There was no relationship between the severity of histologically evident rejection and the ejection fraction (Pearson correlation coefficient [ r ] = − 0.11; p = 0.47). In 2 patients, severe graft fibrosis developed with consequent diminution in ejection fraction. There was no relationship between severity and duration of rejection or the amount of immunosuppression required to treat acute rejection and the development of graft fibrosis. The mean resting ejection fraction in 7 patients in follow-up ranging from 6 to 21 months after transplantation was 0.59 ± 0.06 (standard deviation), and the mean exercise ejection fraction in 6 of these patients was 0.72 ± 0.08. Radionuclide-determined ejection fraction is not predictive of rejection early after operation. During short-term late follow-up, systolic left ventricular function at rest and exercise has been retained at normal levels.
Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cephalotaxus alkaloids

Carbon-13 chemical shift assignments have been obtained for the naturally occurring Cephalotaxus alkaloids, cephalotaxine, acetylcephalotaxine, harringtonine, isoharringtonine, drupacine and cephalotaxinone.
Transfer of Biologically Important Molecules Between Cells Through Gap Junction Channels

Gap junctions are unique intercellular channels that connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. They are the only channels that mediate the direct cytoplasmic exchange of small hydrophilic molecules between cells - a process called gap junctional communication. Formed by a family of integral membrane proteins called connexins, gap junctions are dynamic multifunctional complexes that are essential for healthy vertebrate development and physiology. Defects in connexin proteins, and, therefore, in gap junctional communication, are associated with a large variety of pathologies in humans and experimental animals. Thus, knowledge of the molecules that pass through gap junction channels is extremely important. However, aside from some notable cases, the repertoire of biologically important transjunctional molecules remains relatively unexplored. Indeed, the study of the intercellular transfer of endogenous molecules presents formidable challenges. Here we review developments in identifying biologically relevant molecules that pass between cells through gap junction channels.
Parameter estimation in a regression model with random coefficient autoregressive errors

Abstract The least squares estimators of the regression and the autoregression parameters are obtained for a regression model with random coefficient autoregression errors. The limit distribution of the least squares estimators are obtained using a weighted central limit theorem for m -dependent processes. The proof of the weighted central limit theorem for m -dependent processes is also given.
The beauty of ant antics

Deborah M. Gordon enjoys a photographic paean to individual ants and their rarely glimpsed exploits on behalf of the collective.
On particle movers in cylindrical geometry for Particle-In-Cell simulations

Three movers for the orbit integration of charged particles in a given electromagnetic field are analyzed and compared in cylindrical geometry. The classic Boris mover, which is of leap-frog type with position and velocities staggered by half time step, is connected to a second order Strang operator splitting integrator. In general the Boris mover is about 20% faster than the Strang splitting mover without sacrificing much in terms of accuracy. Furthermore, the Boris mover is second order accurate only for a very specific choice of the initial half step needed by the algorithm to get started. Unlike the case in Cartesian geometry, where any initial half step which is at least first order accurate does not compromise the second order accuracy of the method, in cylindrical geometry any attempt to use a more accurate initial half step does in fact decrease the accuracy of the scheme to first order. Through the connection with the Strang operator splitting integrator, this counter-intuitive behavior is explained by the fact that the error in the half step velocities of the Boris mover is proportional to the time step of the simulation.For the case of a uniform and static magnetic field, we discuss the leap-frog cyclotronic mover, cylindrical analogue of the cyclotronic mover of Ref. L. Patacchini and I. Hutchinson, J. Comput. Phys. 228 (7), 2009], where the step involving acceleration due to inertial forces is combined with the acceleration due to the magnetic part of the Lorentz force. The advantage of a cyclotronic mover is that the gyration of a charged particle in a magnetic field is treated analytically and therefore only the dynamics associated with the electric field needs to be resolved.