cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Recurrence relations for matrix elements of few-body correlated wave functions

This article considers the matrix elements arising from the use of wave functions containing exponentials in all the interparticle distances. Special cases (with some vanishing parameters) correspond to the use of the Hylleraas basis. For the three-body (sometimes called two-electron) correlated wave function, we present new recurrence relations that complement the formula of Sack, Roothaan, and Kolos. One of these is a sum rule that could also be used for downward recursion; the other is suitable for recursion in the usual (upward) recursive process. Formulas connecting matrix elements in the four-body (three-electron) problem are also derived; their use confirms the recurrence relations recently published by Pachucki, Puchalski, and Remiddi for the Hylleraas basis and provides a new sum rule for matrix elements in the general correlated exponential basis. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Policy coordination by major Western powers in bargaining with the Third World: debt relief and the Common Fund

The governments of the five major Western powers—the United States, the United Kingdom, France, West Germany, and Japan—coordinated policy on two key North-South issues from 1974 to 1979: relieving the external debts of developing nations and establishing the Common Fund to help finance international commodity agreements. A prominent feature of the coordination process was the emergence of transgovernmental coalitions among like-minded bureaucrats. Previous studies have suggested that such coalitions may affect national policies by promoting learning and attitude change in their members and by legitimizing the policy changes sought by their members. But these suggestions do not account for the ability of coalitions to translate their policy preferences into national policy commitments, particularly where one or more of their members are relatively weak in their national policy-making systems. On the Common Fund and debt relief, some coalition members held positions in their national systems strong enough to induce their governments as a whole to commit themselves to certain concessions. Weaker members of these coalitions then gained the external support they needed to lead their own governments to make similar commitments, thus preparing the way for agreements with the developing countries and some incremental changes in the international economic order.
SERUM PROTEOMIC PROFILING CAN DISCRIMINATE PROSTATE CANCER FROM BENIGN PROSTATES IN MEN WITH TOTAL PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN LEVELS BETWEEN 2.5 AND 15.0 NG/ML

Purpose: Artificial intelligence based pattern recognition algorithms have been developed and successfully used to analyze complex serum proteomic data streams generated by surface enhanced, laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. In the current study we used a high performance, hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer to generate discriminatory serum proteomic profiles to determine if this technology could be used to determine the need for prostate biopsy in men with elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA). Materials and Methods: Serum samples were collected from 154 men with serum PSA 2.5 to 15.0 ng/ml and/or abnormal digital rectal examination prior to transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy. Serum samples were applied to WCX2 (weak cation exchange protein chip) Protein Arrays (Ciphergen Biosystems, Fremont, California) by a Biomek 2000 robotic liquid handler (Beckman-Coulter, Chaska, Minnesota) and low molecular weight (less than 20 kDa) proteomic patterns were generated with an API QSTAR Pulsar i LC/MS/MS System (Applied Biosystems, Framingham, Massachusetts). High resolution mass spectra were analyzed with a pattern recognition bioinformatics tool, that is Proteome Quest beta version 1.0 (Correlogic Systems, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland), in an attempt to identify and discover key discriminating ion signatures. Serum samples from 63 men (2 or more negative prostate biopsies in 23, 1 negative biopsy in 10 and biopsy detected prostate cancer [CaP] in 30) were used to train the diagnostic algorithm. The remaining 91 samples, including 28 of prostate cancer and 63 of 1 or more negative biopsies, were analyzed in blinded fashion. Results: The most discriminatory model was found using the WCX2 chip. Testing the remaining 91 men with this model yielded 100% sensitivity and 67% specificity. In other words, if the proteomic pattern had been used to determine the need for prostate biopsy in this cohort of men with PSA between 2.5 and 15.0 ng/ml, 67% (42 of 63) with negative biopsies would have avoided unnecessary biopsy, while no cancers would have been missed. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that high resolution mass spectroscopy can generate serum proteomic patterns that discriminate men with elevated PSA due to benign processes from men with CaP even when PSA is within the diagnostic gray zone. We are currently expanding the testing set to determine the reliability of this new technology to decrease unnecessary prostate biopsies without compromising the detection of curable CaP.
Resources and Relationships in Entrepreneurship: An Exchange Theory of the Development and Effects of the Entrepreneur-Investor Relationship

We develop a theoretical model, grounded in exchange theory, about the process through which relationships between entrepreneurs and investors develop and influence the growth of new ventures. Our theory highlights the multifaceted relationships that entrepreneurs and investors share—comprising both affective and instrumental dimensions—and the bidirectional exchanges of social and financial resources that build these relationships over time. An exchange theory perspective sheds light on the emergence of different patterns of relationship development over time and how different kinds of resource exchange contribute to new venture growth, contingent on the core problems that a venture faces at a given stage of development. We discuss implications of an exchange perspective on resources and relationships in entrepreneurship for theory, research, and practice.
Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography—An Objective Evaluation of Anastomotic Perfusion in Colorectal Surgery:

The essentials for any bowel anastomosis are: adequate perfusion, tension free, accurate tissue apposition, and minimal local spillage. Traditionally, perfusion is measured by assessing palpable pulses in the mesentery, active bleeding at cut edges, and lack of tissue discoloration. However, subjective methods lack predictive accuracy for an anastomotic leak. We used intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography to objectively assess colon perfusion before a bowel anastomosis. Seventy-seven laparoscopic colorectal operations, between June 2013 and June 2014, were retrospectively reviewed. The perfusion to the colon and ileum was clinically assessed, and then measured using the SPY Elite Imaging System. The absolute value provided an objective number on a 0-256 gray-scale to represent differences in ICG fluorescence intensity. The lowest absolute value was used in data analysis for each anastomosis (including small bowel) to represent the theoretical least perfused/weakest anastomotic area. The lowest absolute value recorded was 20 in a patient who underwent a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for an adenoma, with no postoperative complications. Four low anterior resection patients had additional segments of descending colon resected. There was one mortality in a patient who underwent a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. This study illustrates an initial experience with the SPY system in colorectal surgery. The SPY provides an objective, numerical value of bowel perfusion. However, evidence is scant as to the significance of these numbers. Large-scale randomized controlled trials are required to determine specific cutoff values correlated with surgical outcomes, specifically anastomotic leak rates.
A Modified Dialogic Reading Intervention for Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

We examined the effect of a modified dialogic reading intervention on levels of verbal participation and vocabulary growth in nine preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using singl...
Abstract 2000: Proteomic features of histological compartments in colorectal carcinoma

Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA Proteomic analysis of cancer tissues by mass spectrometry (MS) is complicated by the fact that histological context is lost in the analysis. Knowledge on the abundance of key proteins for the different histological compartments may allow an assessment of the contribution of each of these components to the proteomic profile obtained. We studied 18 colorectal carcinoma specimens and isolated carcinoma, necrosis, normal epithelium, stroma, smooth muscle, and lymphoid infiltrate compartments using laser capture microdissection (LCM). Proteins extracted from 60 LCM caps were subjected to short-stack, gel electrophoresis, in-gel trypsin digestion and analyzed on a Thermo-Fisher QExactive Orbitrap MS instrument. Data were searched using myrimatch and MS-GF+ on a RefSeq protein database and identified proteins were assembled using IDpicker 3. The analysis identified about 2,000 non-redundant proteins at a protein FDR<5%. Unsupervised cluster analysis of the most abundant proteins clustered each of the compartments together with few exceptions. Surprisingly, the necrotic compartment was almost identical from the carcinoma compartment, indicating the stability of the small peptides used for MS sequence identifications. Comparisons of spectral count data between each of the compartments and the remainder of the dataset by protein enrichment analyses was performed using the online tool [www.webgestalt.org][1]. The carcinoma compartment was enriched for proteins involved in nucleic acid and general metabolism processes. Smooth muscle was enriched for proteins involved in muscle contraction and cell adhesion. The lymphoid infiltrates were enriched for chromatin and nucleosome proteins, possibly indicating the relative contribution of nuclear proteins from these small cells. The stromal component was enriched for extracellular matrix proteins and proteins involved in glycosylation processes. Using data from ProteinAtlas.org, we confirmed histological associations of the most prominent protein markers with their respective histological component. For instance, COL12A1 was highly expressed in the stromal compartment, while SMTN was highly specific for smooth muscle. Expression levels characterizing each of the histological components can thus be described in protein signatures that can serve as a measure of the relative contribution of each of the components in the complex composition of a colorectal carcinoma sample. Supported by NIH/NCI grant U24CA159988. Citation Format: Robbert JC Slebos, Lisa J. Zimmerman, Suzanne Manning, Melinda E. Sanders, Chanjuan Shi, M Kay Washington, Daniel C. Liebler. Proteomic features of histological compartments in colorectal carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2000. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2000 [1]: http://www.webgestalt.org
A Fast Algorithm for Shelf Optimization

Performance of an automated storage and retrieval system such as a carousel depends upon the way it is loaded. Commonly a carousel will be loaded with cases of items that will be removed in groups. A group is a specified number of items of each type. For example, a group might constitute the collection of parts needed to manufacture one garment. Typically the storage system operator wants to retrieve as many groups as possible without running out of items of any type. We present a fast algorithm that prescribes how many cases of each item type should be loaded, yielding a maximal number of groups.
Regulation of adrenal medullary and cortical blood flow

Before 1986, little was known concerning regulation of blood flow to adrenal medulla and cortex. With the introduction of a radiolabeled microsphere methodology, which permitted independent measurement of blood flow to the two regions, it became apparent that medulla and cortex regulate blood flow independently and that both regions receive levels of blood flow considerably in excess of that required for nutrient delivery. It is likely that abundant blood flow serves to speed entry of adrenal secretory products into the systemic circulation. Coupling of blood flow with secretion is particularly apparent in medulla, where severalfold increases in blood flow occur during catecholamine secretion elicited by hemorrhage, hypoxia, and splanchnic nerve stimulation. Both catecholamine secretion and medullary vasodilation are neurally mediated. The two responses can be pharmacologically dissociated, suggesting possible direct innervation of adrenal vessels. However, morphological confirmation of vascular innervation is not available, and effects of released chromaffin cell products on adjacent vessels are also possible. In contrast to medulla, cortical secretory activity is not associated with altered blood flow. However, neural elements are found in close proximity to cortical vessels, and the cortical vasculature responds to changes in O2 tension and to a number of pharmacological agents. In addition, several studies indicate that cortical secretory activity can be modulated by changes in blood flow. The response of both vasculatures to pharmacological agents is, in many instances, different from responses observed in other vascular beds. These data indicate that the adrenal has evolved unique vasoregulatory mechanisms, either because vasoactive compounds are present in such high concentration, or because blood flow plays an important role in the secretory process.
A Study on the General Education and Revelations of the World Famous Universities

Firstly analyzed is the status of general education in the world famous universities such as the Harvard University.Based on the education characteristics of our own military university,the revelations are proposed according to the analysis.The revelations are as follows: we should pay attentions to the conception of general education and set up definite aims of general education,innovate education modes and strengthen resource of high quality curriculums.These revelations would be helpful to the general education of our own military university in the future.
Prime labeling of families of trees with Gaussian integers

Abstract A graph on n vertices is said to admit a prime labeling if we can label its vertices with the first n natural numbers such that any two adjacent vertices have relatively prime labels. Here we extend the idea of prime labeling to the Gaussian integers, which are the complex numbers whose real and imaginary parts are both integers. We begin by defining an order on the Gaussian integers that lie in the first quadrant. Using this ordering, we show that several families of trees admit a prime labeling with the Gaussian integers.
A prospective, randomized clinical trial of antiretroviral therapies on carotid wall thickness.

Objective:This article compares the effects of initiating three contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens on progression of carotid artery intima–media thickness (IMT) over 3 years.Design:Randomized clinical trial.Setting:Multicenter (26 institutions).Patients:ART-naive HIV-infected individ
Modelling of complex RF/wireless structures using computationally optimized time-domain techniques: Research Articles

The modelling of RF integrated structures with fine metallic details using time-domain simulators is addressed. The key features identified as difficulties in modelling metallic structures in these techniques are dielectric and metal loss and complexity of geometry. A method to model loss that involves the use of a quasi-static simulator to identify correction factors that can be applied to a time domain simulator is presented. In addition, a novel MRTD subcell method is presented that can be used to simulate fine metallic structures and other subcell effects such as the presented correction factors. An example simulation of a finely detailed structure using this technique is presented. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Veblenian and Neo-Marxian Perspectives on the Cultural Crisis of Late Capitalism

This chapter seeks to draw attention to the psychocultural consequences of the systemic late capitalist response to economic crises and to the need for a research agenda to delineate and evaluate these consequences. The work of Veblen and recent American neo-Marxists is suggested as the basis for a start toward developing this research agenda. I use the term neo-Marxism loosely to encompass a variety of scholars who share a common point of departure in Marx’s social theory, but insist that Marx’s categories do not capture the essential tendencies of existing capitalism and socialism (Brown, 1988, p. 9).
Studies on the Kinetics of Carbon Tetrachloride Chlorination of Refractory Metal Oxides

Abstract Studies on the kinetics of chlorination of the oxides of titanium, zirconium, niobium and tantalum by carbon tetrachloride gas in dilution with nitrogen, at low and moderate temperatures, have been carried out. In each case, the effect of time, temperature, partial pressure of carbon tetrachloride and the particle size, on the chlorination of the oxide, has been studied. The influence of some physico-chemical properties of the oxides and their halides on the kinetics process, has been discussed. The chlorination results below and above the dissociation temperature of carbon tetrachloride ( ∼ 773 K.) have been examined to find out the difference in the kinetics by CC14 and those by elemental carbon and chlorine. From these kinetics results, the mechanism of the chlorination of each of the oxides, has been established and compared. The optimum experimental conditions for preparing the metal chlorides, keeping in view of the maximum utilisation of the carbon tetrachloride, have been established. The...
Causal Modelling for Structuring Case-Based Learning Environments

Abstract This paper describes the rationale and process for designing a learning environment, using causal modelling theory in order to model the reasoning required by physicians-in-training to diagnose problems in haematology and transfusion medicine. The causal model includes information gathering, diagnosis, and defence of diagnosis at the initial, aetiology, and differential diagnosis stages.
Female Sex Offenders: Is There a Difference Between Solo and Co-Offenders?:

Studies on female sex offending have been limited for a number of reasons, such as societal perceptions that females are incapable of engaging in such behaviors because of their role as caretakers and nurturers in society. However, over the past few decades, studies examining female sex offenders have increased, revealing that females do commit sexual offenses and differ from their male counterparts. We examined offender, victim, and offense characteristics of female sex offenders who were convicted from 1995 to 2013 (N = 223) in Arkansas and were sentenced to serve time in prison or placed on probation. We focused on the similarities and differences of solo and co-female sex offenders because we know from previous studies that the pathway of offending can differ between solo and co-female offenders, yet few studies have exclusively compared the similarities and differences among female sex offenders. Our data were collected from offender files that included basic personal offender information, offender s...
Training deep neural networks with gradual deconvexification

A new method of training deep neural networks including the convolutional network is proposed. The method deconvexifies the normalized risk-averting error (NRAE) gradually and switches to the risk-averting error (RAE) whenever RAE is computationally manageable. The method creates tunnels between the depressed regions around saddle points, tilts the plateaus, and eliminates nonglobal local minima. Numerical experiments show the effectiveness of gradual deconvexification as compared with unsupervised pretraining. After the minimization process, a statistical pruning method is used to enhance the generalization capability of the neural network under training. Numerical results show further reduction of the testing criterion.
No Longer “Bound for the Promised Land”: African Americans’ Religious Experiences in the Reversal of the Great Migration

This study examines the religious experiences of African Americans who make up the reversal of the Great Migration. While scholars have studied the role of religion in the Great Migration, we know less about how religion matters in the movement’s reversal. I use the framework of conjunctural action to elaborate the role of spirituality and religious institutions among contemporary black southbound migrants. Drawing on 127 qualitative interviews with black interregional migrants to Charlotte, North Carolina, I show how some blacks interpret their moves through faith and draw on ties to religious institutions for support. But not all black migrants interpret their moves through faith or seek support from religious institutions. These migrants’ lack of engagement often reflects their concerns about intra-group marginalization rather than an absence of spiritual belief. These findings illuminate micro-level processes of internal migration, and they show continuities but also changing dynamics in African American religious life.
Combined effect of shrinkage reducing admixtures (SRA) and superabsorbent polymers (SAP) on the autogenous shrinkage, hydration and properties of cementitious materials

Abstract This paper examines the combined effect of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) and shrinkage reducing admixtures (SRA) on the autogenous shrinkage, hydration, microstructure, and properties of cementitious materials. The addition of SRA was found to reduce the absorption of SAP in the extracted pore solution as well as in the cement pastes. It was shown that the cement pastes with both SAP and SRA exhibited a higher shrinkage than the cement paste with SAP, more notably at the early age. The hydration temperature peak of the cement paste with both SRA and SAP occurred sooner than that of the cement paste with SRA at early age. The non-evaporable water content measurement indicated a higher degree of hydration for the cement paste with both SRA and SAP than the cement paste with SRA due to the internal curing effect of SAP. The compressive strength and electrical resistivity of the cement paste with both SRA and SAP were shown to be lower than those of the cement paste with SAP and the cement paste with SRA. Addition of SAP appeared to promote increased Ca(OH)2 formation in the hydration product. SEM examination indicated a distribution of microvoids in the range of 10–20 μm in the microstructure of the cement paste with SAP and SRA at 28 days, which could be responsible for a lower compressive strength of the cement paste with SAP and SRA compared to the cement paste with SAP at this age.
Morphological and immunophenotypical features of hairy cell leukaemia involving lymph nodes and extranodal tissues.

Aims Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) is a rare B cell neoplasm that mainly affects bone marrow (BM), peripheral blood (PB) and spleen. Involvement of lymph nodes and extranodal structures is considered infrequent. Herein we describe our institutional experience of nodal (n = 10) and extranodal (n = 3) HCL during a 30-year period. Methods and results Ten patients had prior evidence of HCL within the BM or PB at a median 35.8 months before nodal/extranodal diagnosis (range: Conclusions Although uncommon, HCL should be considered in the differential diagnosis of small B cell neoplasms involving nodal/extranodal sites, given the therapeutic implications. In particular, recent discoveries including detection of the BRAFV600E mutation in nearly all cases of HCL and the availability of an antibody to CD103 for use in paraffin-embedded tissues will facilitate the distinction of HCL from other small B cell lymphomas in the nodal/extranodal setting.
Speech, Citizenry, and the Market: A Corporate Public Figure Doctrine

Corporate speech is out of balance. Corporations now enjoy expanded speech rights, but the ability to speak about corporations is restricted. This situation must change. That corporations are people for First Amendment questions is a fait accompli. We can debate the merits or wisdom of that fact, but the fact remains. I argue that under current Supreme Court jurisprudence, corporations are not only people for speech purposes, but corporations are often public figures. Corporations no longer exist in a purely commercial world. Like other public figures, corporations affect public affairs, take political positions, engage in matters of public concern and controversy, and have reputations. A host of political issues from fair trade to gay rights to organic farming to children’s development to gender bias to labor and more intersect with and are shaped by corporate policies. Thus Google urges countries to embrace gay rights; Mattel launches a girl power campaign; activists question Nike’s labor practices, McDonald’s food processing, and Shell Oil’s business practices; and bloggers police the Body Shop’s claims about its manufacturing practices. The social, political, and commercial have converged, and corporate reputations rest on social and political matters as much, if not more, than commercial matters. A foundational commitment of free speech law, perhaps the foundational commitment, is that public figures don’t and can’t own their reputations. Yet, through trademark and commercial speech doctrines corporations have powerful control over their reputations. If corporations are people for free speech purposes, as a constitutional matter, their control over their reputations can be no greater than the control other public figures have. Corporations cannot have it both ways. Corporations want and receive many of the legal rights natural persons receive. They should be subject to the same limits as other powerful, public figures.
Advocacy Practice of Social Workers

The author presents empirical information on the extent and nature of advocacy activity among a random sample of social workers. Almost all employed social workers in the sample performed both job-...
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ORF57 protein protects viral transcripts from specific nuclear RNA decay pathways by preventing hMTR4 recruitment

Nuclear RNAs are subject to a number of RNA decay pathways that serve quality control and regulatory functions. As a result, any virus that expresses its genes in the nucleus must have evolved mechanisms that avoid these pathways, but the how viruses evade nuclear RNA decay remains largely unknown. The multifunctional Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) ORF57 (Mta) protein is required for the nuclear stability of viral transcripts. In the absence of ORF57, we show that viral transcripts are subject to degradation by two specific nuclear RNA decay pathways, PABPN1 and PAPα/γ-mediated RNA decay (PPD) in which decay factors are recruited through poly(A) tails, and an ARS2-mediated RNA decay pathway dependent on the 5ʹ RNA cap. In transcription pulse chase assays, ORF57 appears to act primarily by inhibiting the ARS2-mediated RNA decay pathway. In the context of viral infection in cultured cells, inactivation of both decay pathways by RNAi is necessary for the restoration of ORF57-dependent viral genes produced from an ORF57-null bacmid. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that ORF57 protects viral transcripts by preventing the recruitment of the exosome co-factor hMTR4. In addition, our data suggest that ORF57 recruitment of ALYREF inhibits hMTR4 association with some viral RNAs, whereas other KSHV transcripts are stabilized by ORF57 in an ALYREF-independent fashion. In conclusion, our studies show that KSHV RNAs are subject to nuclear degradation by two specific host pathways, PPD and ARS2-mediated decay, and ORF57 protects viral transcripts from decay by inhibiting hMTR4 recruitment.
Abstract 343: Baseline Serum Uric acid Predicts Future Cardiovascular Events and Death in Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy

Background: Serum uric acid is a marker of oxidative stress, and may serve as a marker of adverse cardiovascular events and outcomes including cardiovascular death, hospitalization and myocardial i...
The (minimal) influence of perceived age on the perceived gender of children's speech

The acoustic characteristics of boys and girls' speech resemble adult norms for men and women, respectively, early in life. Moreover, the extent to which a child's speech resembles the adult norms for their biological sex is related to other measures of the extent to which their gender development meets cultural norms [e.g., Perry et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109 (01); Munson et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 137 (15); and Beaulieu et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 143 (18)]. The acoustic cues to gender in children's speech are distributed throughout the speech signal. Hence, the most common method to determine the attainment of gendered speech is by gathering perceptual ratings of gender typicality. In this study, we examine whether ratings of the gender typicality of children's speech are affected by ratings of another potentially salient attribute that speech acoustics convey: speaker age. We conducted an experiment in which perceived gender and perceived age ratings were collected for the single-word productions of 57 5–13 year old children examined by Beaulieu et al. (18) and brief spoken narratives by the same children. Preliminary results suggest that the effects of talker sex are robust when both actual age and perceived age are controlled statistically.The acoustic characteristics of boys and girls' speech resemble adult norms for men and women, respectively, early in life. Moreover, the extent to which a child's speech resembles the adult norms for their biological sex is related to other measures of the extent to which their gender development meets cultural norms [e.g., Perry et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109 (01); Munson et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 137 (15); and Beaulieu et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 143 (18)]. The acoustic cues to gender in children's speech are distributed throughout the speech signal. Hence, the most common method to determine the attainment of gendered speech is by gathering perceptual ratings of gender typicality. In this study, we examine whether ratings of the gender typicality of children's speech are affected by ratings of another potentially salient attribute that speech acoustics convey: speaker age. We conducted an experiment in which perceived gender and perceived age ratings were collected for the single-word productions o...
ApproxLP: Approximate Multiplication with Linearization and Iterative Error Control

In a data hungry world, approximate computing has emerged as one of the solutions to create higher energy efficiency and faster systems, while providing application tailored quality. In this paper, we propose ApproxLP, an Approximate Multiplier based on Linear Planes. We introduce an iterative method for approximating the product of two operands using fitted linear functions with two inputs, referred to as linear planes. The linearization of multiplication allows multiplication operations to be completely replaced with weighted addition. The proposed technique is used to find the significand of the product of two floating point numbers, decreasing the high energy cost of floating point arithmetic. Our method fully exploits the trade-off between accuracy and energy consumption by offering various degrees of approximation at different energy costs. As the level of approximation increases, the approximated product asymptotically approaches the exact product in an iterative manner. The performance of ApproxLP is evaluated over a range of multimedia and machine learning applications. A GPU enhanced by ApproxLP yields significant energy-delay product (EDP) improvement. For multimedia, neural network, and hyperdimensional computing applications, ApproxLP offers on average $2.4 \times, 2.7 \times $, and $4.3 \times $ EDP improvement respectively with sufficient computational quality for the application. ApproxLP also provides up to $4.5 \times $ EDP improvement and has $2.3 \times $ lower chip area than other state-of-the-art approximate multipliers.CCS CONCEPTS•Hardware → Integrated circuits; • Computer systems organization → Architectures;
3359 A TL1 Team Approach to Clinician Perspectives on Hoarding Disorder

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: By combining clinical knowledge of hoarding disorder (HD) with qualitative methods from cultural anthropology, we hope to build a patient-centered approach that will allow us to better understand the clinician perspectives on patient motivations and explanatory models of individuals with HD, and improve treatment outcomes. We describe the ways that these methodologies are productively merged in this project as a result of TL1 collaboration, and present a preliminary picture of methodological and theoretical issues uncovered as part of this processes. We further describe the analytical methods used for this project, and explore issues raised through the combination of psychological and anthropological data and insights. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This study represents an attempt to combine the qualitative methodologies of cultural anthropology with the clinical knowledge of psychology and psychiatry in order to better understand gaps between provider and patient beliefs and knowledge about hoarding disorder. This study will present preliminary methodological issues arising from interviews with hoarding experts. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: This study will discuss preliminary issues including shared language, strengths and limitations of both disciplines, and factors for consideration when combining these disparate methodologies. It will close with recommendations for consideration when moving forward with similar collaborations. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This project seeks to unite psychological and social factors that may contribute to the lived experience of individuals with HD in order to better understand the way that HD is manifested. It also unites disparate methodologies to provide us with a more holistic and complete picture of the experience of HD. While HD has been studied within psychiatry, it has never been assessed using the qualitative methods of anthropology. These methods provide the possibility of expanding knowledge about the ways that this disorder is experienced by individuals and their families, and potentially impacted by shared beliefs and cultures. Furthermore, qualitative data of this nature provides a patient perspective on the experience of HD as a psychiatric illness. This patient perspective can be used to better inform treatment, improve patient outcomes, and to allow providers and researchers to gain a fuller understanding of this complex population.
Stress Exposure and Maternal Depression as Risk Factors for Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Adolescents

Little research has explored the implications of stress inside and outside of the family as a risk factor for psychological symptoms in adolescents of depressed mothers. In a sample of 115 adolescents and their mothers with and without depression histories, adolescents' family and peer stress exposure was measured through the Responses to Stress Questionnaire, and adolescents' anxious/depressed symptoms were measured with the Youth Self Report and Child Behavior Checklist. Mothers reported their current depression symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Results suggest that adolescents of mothers with depression histories and current depression symptoms experience more family and peer stress than adolescents of nondepressed mothers. In multiple linear regression analyses, current maternal depression symptoms moderated the relation between adolescent peer stress and adolescent anxious/depressed symptoms, such that peer stress was associated with anxious/depressed symptoms when maternal depression symptoms were average or high, but not when maternal depression symptoms were low.
A Sunflower Receiver for Hybrid Photovoltaic-Solar Thermal Energy Conversion

A hybrid receiver composed of a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) module and a thermal receiver is developed for a photovoltaic-solar thermal (CPV/T) cogeneration system. The receiver has the appearance of a flower and is referred to as a sunflower receiver. The unique nature of this design uses both waste heat from the CPV cells and intentional spillage of a large fraction of the concentrated solar energy to generate very high temperature thermal output (up to 250°C) from a single heat transfer fluid, while the temperature of the cells is maintained below 110°C as they convert part of the solar spectrum into electricity. The exit temperature of the heat transfer fluid is adjustable according to the requirements of commercial or industrial process heat application. Early prototype results are discussed.
39 – Metschnikowia Kamienski

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on Metschnikowia and its member species. The cells of this genus are spheroidal to ellipsoidal, as well as pyriform, cylindroid, or lunate. Vegetative reproduction in this genus occurs through multilateral budding. Its asci are elongate and its ascospores are needle-shaped, attenuate at one or both ends, and without a whip-like appendage. Some species are parasitic in invertebrates, as well as free-living in aquatic habitats, while others are terrestrial, free-living, and often associated with flowers. The sugars are fermented by most species and nitrate is not assimilated. The member species of this genus include Metschnikowia agaves; Metschnikowia australis; Metschnikowia bicuspidata including its three variants Metschnikowia bicuspidata, Metschnikowia bicuspidata var. californica, and Metschnikowia bicuspidata var. chathamia; Metschnikowia gruessii; Metschnikowia hawaiiensis; Metschnikowia krissii; and Metschnikowia lunata. The Metschnikowia agaves species, after one day on yeast carbon base agar (without added nitrogen source) and mixed strains of complementary mating types, give rise to long (several cell lengths) conjugation tubes, or elongated cells. After 3 days at 25° C, mature asci are observed that are pleomorphic in shape but are usually quasi-cylindrical and conjugated. In the case of Metschnikowia australis, a large clavate ascus develops containing two acicular spores after the conjugation of two haploid cells of complementary mating types.
Inverse dynamics toolpath compensation for CNC machines based on model predictive control

The use of model predictive control (MPC) as a form of inverse dynamics compensation for multi–axis CNC machines, to subdue the inaccuracies incurred by axis inertia and damping, is investigated by both simulation studies and experimental performance analysis using a 3–axis milling machine governed by an open–architecture software controller. The results indicate that MPC is a viable tool for inverse dynamics compensation with a controller sampling frequency f = 1024 Hz running on a 500-MHz processor, with only modest prediction horizons offering excellent performance in terms of feedrate accuracy and contour error suppression. Unlike inverse dynamics schemes based upon linear time–invariant dynamic models, the MPC scheme provides the flexibility to compensate for nonlinear physical effects such as backlash in the machine axes and hard constraints on axis accelerations imposed by motor torque constraint.
Family and School Connectedness Associated with Lower Depression among Latinx Early Adolescents in an Agricultural County.

Depression constitutes one of the greatest sources of morbidity and mortality for U.S. adolescents. Latinx are the fastest growing U.S. adolescent population, particularly in rural communities, and suffer from depression at higher rates than other racial/ethnic groups. Informed by community perspectives on adolescent health, we examined factors associated with depression among Latinx early adolescents in an agricultural community. We surveyed 599 predominantly Latinx 8th graders (12 to 15 years old) recruited from middle schools in Salinas, California. Depression was measured cross-sectionally with the Patient Health Questionnaire-8. Exposures included environmental, cultural, and family factors, assessed using validated measures. We used hierarchical logistic regression guided by Garcia Coll's Model for the Study of Developmental Competencies in Minority Children to examine associations between protective factors within each domain and depression. Eighty-six of the 599 youth (14%) scored above the clinical threshold for depression, with higher prevalence among females (19%) than males (10%), p = .001. Environmental (school connectedness and neighborhood social cohesion) and family factors were associated with a lower odds of depression (all p ≤ .01). Social cohesion in neighborhoods and family communication offered similarly strong protective associations with depression. Increased language assimilation was associated with an increased odds of depression (p = .007).
Generation Scheduling to Limit PM 2 . 5 Emissions and Dispersion: A Study on the Seasonal Management System of South Korea

Air pollution is considered one of the greatest environmental health threats, and the exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a critical public health issue in many regions of the world, especially East Asia. A primary source of particulate matter is the operation of coal-fired power plants. Therefore, in South Korea, a fine dust seasonal management system (SMS) has been implemented to reduce PM 2 . 5 emissions. The system uses intuitive measures that temporarily shut down a set of coal units or reduce their maximum power outputs. However, the effectiveness of these measures in controlling PM 2 . 5 concentrations is unclear. That is, although these measures can reduce the total PM 2 . 5 emissions, the ground-level air pollutant concentration (GLAPC) at specific locations may still exceed prescribed PM 2 . 5 standards. In this paper, we analyze the effectiveness of the SMS and also construct a power generation scheduling model to explicitly limit PM 2 . 5 concentrations at load centers. Case studies demonstrate that the effectiveness of the SMS is highly case-dependent and that the scheduling model is more effective at limiting the G LAPC and provides a better trade-off between cost and emissions control.
Prompt diagnosis by a smart resident for a patient with pelvic fracture.

A young male pedestrian presented to our emergency department after having been hit by a truck. A contrast enhanced CT done on arrival revealed a pelvic fracture without evidence of bleeding. Three hours later because of the persistent abdominal pain and the presence of new fluid on a bedside sonogram, a multiphase CT (contrast phase, arterial phase, venous phase and delayed phase) to rule out vascular injury was ordered. When the junior resident who accompanied the patient to the repeat scan saw the initial (non-contrast) image of the …
Cellular Localization of Dopamine-β-hydroxylase and Phenylethanolamine-N-methyl Transferase as Revealed by Immunohistochemistry

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the results of immunohistochemical studies on dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) and phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase (PNMT). The studies with the histochemical fluorescence method for the demonstration of catecholamines (CA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on the central nervous system have clearly indicated that the mapping out of new specific neuron systems in the brain will result in markedly increased knowledge of the function of the brain. This progress was made on the basis of the localization of the transmitters themselves, dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA) and 5-HT respectively. Findings discussed in the chapter show that antibodies toward adrenal bovine DBH can react with rat DBH of both adrenal and nervous origin. It was possible to localize DBH at the cellular level in both the peripheral and central nervous system. The findings in the central nervous system have greatly contributed to the mapping out of central NA neurons.
Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics of Gynecologic Malignancies

Gynecologic malignancies account for roughly 13 % of solid tissue tumors in women. Many of these malignancies, such as many ovarian tumors, first present at an advanced stage, making them difficult to treat. Until recently the analysis of these malignancies was largely limited to hematoxylin-eosin-stained slide examination, supplemented with immunohistochemical stains. Recently, molecular diagnostic techniques have been applied to these tumors with some success, especially with BRCA1/2 mutations and Lynch syndrome analyses. Here, we describe the present molecular diagnostic tests applied to gynecologic malignancies and discuss possible future developments in this field.
Hospice care in nursing homes: is site of care associated with visit volume?

Objectives: To determine factors associated with hospice visit volume and to examine whether visit volume differs by nursing home (NH) versus non-NH setting. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Twenty-one hospices across seven states under the ownership of one parent provider. Participants: Hospice patients from October 1998 through September 1999 in NH (n=9,460) and non-NH (n=15,484) settings. Measurements: Data were from the provider's centralized information system. Average daily visit volume was the number of visits divided by the number of hospice routine home care days (days not in hospice inpatient or continuous home care). Multivariate logistic regression tested the association between site of care and an individual's probability of having average daily visits above the sample median. Results: Average daily visits±standard deviation were 1.1±1.1 for NH and 1.2±1.3 for non-NH hospice patients. Site of care was not significantly associated with having an average daily visit volume above the sample median, but patients in NH settings had a lower probability of having a nurse average daily visit volume above the median (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.46–0.74) and a greater probability of having social worker (AOR=2.46, 95% CI=1.87–3.24), aide (AOR=1.97; 95% CI=1.11–3.48), and clergy (AOR=3.23, 95% CI=2.21–4.44) average daily visits above the median than those in non-NH settings. Conclusion: A different mix, not volume, of services appears to be used to address the physical, psychosocial, and spiritual needs of hospice patients/families who reside in NH settings than of those in non-NH settings.