cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Detection and characterization of additional DNA polymorphisms in the dopamine D2 receptor gene.

Abstract The gene encoding the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) has been suggested as a candidate gene for several mental disorders. We previously described the cloning and chromosomal mapping (to 11q22–q23) of a human DRD2 gene as well as its use for the detection of a two-allele Taq I RFLP with a minor allele frequency of 0.24, corresponding to a PIC of 0.30. Family linkage studies utilizing DRD2 would be facilitated if the PIC of the DRD2 locus were increased. To this end, we have used additional phage and cosmid clones in the vicinity of DRD2 to identify a new two-allele Taq I RFLP as well as a TG microsatellite polymorphism with a PIC of 0.62. We report localizations of the three polymorphisms on the restriction map of the DRD2 locus. The Taq I RFLPs are in apparent linkage equilibrium with the microsatellite, yielding a highly informative compound marker locus with a PIC of 0.76.
The ‘General Intellect’ in the Grundrisse and Beyond

AbstractIn recent publications Paolo Virno and Carlo Vercellone have called attention to Marx’s category of the general intellect in the Grundrisse, and to the unprecedented role its diffusion plays in contemporary capitalism. According to Virno, the flourishing of the general intellect, which Marx thought could only take place within communism, characterises post-Fordist capitalism. Vercellone adds that Marx’s account of the real subsumption of living labour under capital is obsolete in contemporary cognitive capitalism. Both authors regard Marx’s value theory as historically obsolete. I argue that these views rest on a confusion of value and wealth, a neglect of Marx’s account of the role of ‘free gifts’ to capital, an underestimation of the role of the general intellect in the period prior to the rise of post-Fordism/cognitive capitalism, and an underestimation of the restrictions on the diffusion of the general intellect in contemporary capitalism.
Globalization the next round: Sociological perspectives

Abstract The twenty-first century momentum of globalization is markedly different from the twentieth century globalization (a new geography of trade, weaker hegemony, and growing multipolarity) and presents major questions. Is the rise of East Asia, China and India just another episode in the rise and decline of nations, another reshuffling of capitalism, a relocation of accumulation centers without affecting the logics of accumulation? Does it advance, sustain or halt neoliberalism? The rise of Asia is codependent with neoliberal globalization and yet unfolds outside the neoliberal mold. What is the relationship between zones of accumulation and modes of regulation? What are the ramifications for the global inequality? What does sociology contribute to this question?
Binding to histone of an anomalous IgG from patients with SLE and drug-induced lupus.

Abstract The mechanism of attachment of circulating immune complexes (CIC) to glomerular basement membranes (GBM) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has not yet been elucidated. One difficulty is that CIC must be strongly cationic for such deposition to occur, which is opposite to the anionic nature of putative DNA–anti-DNA immune complexes (DNA-IC). The strongly cationic histone has been proposed as a potential “planted antigen”; it would decorate the GBM to function as a ligand for DNA in the DNA-IC. However, DNA-IC, aggregated IgG and most of the IgG “anti-histone antibodies” in SLE patient sera bind to histone on a solid phase not through DNA, but through the Fcγ. Here, we investigated the nature of the anti-histone “antibody” in sera of 18 patients with SLE and 57 with drug-induced lupus (DIL). The binding to nucleosomes of IgG from these patients was mainly pepsin-resistant and F(ab′)2-dependent, whereas the binding to histone was mainly pepsin-sensitive and Fcγ-dependent. Surprisingly, after molecular sieving of 12 of these sera, the pepsin-sensitive histone-binding IgG was located mainly in the 150-kDa monomeric IgG peak. The binding to nucleosomes was only in the 150-kDa peak. These findings are consistent with the existence of an anomalous IgG in SLE and DIL sera, capable, like aggregated IgG, DNA-IC and other CIC, of binding to histone-decorated structures. We propose that this anomalous IgG plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis and other related inflammatory conditions. These observations also explain the large discrepancies in the reports on anti-histone autoantibodies in autoimmune conditions.
Dirichlet Harmonic Shape Compression with Feature Preservation for Parameterized Surfaces

With the rapid advancement of 3D scanning devices, large and complicated 3D shapes are becoming ubiquitous, and require large amount of resources to store and transmit them efficiently. This makes shape compression a demanding technique in order for the user to reduce the data transmission latency. Existing shape compression methods could achieve very low bit-rates by sacrificing shape quality. But none of them guarantees the preservation of salient feature lines that users care. In addition, many 3D shapes come with parametric information for texture mapping purposes. In this paper we describe a spectral method to compress the geometric shapes equipped with arbitrary valid parametric information. It guarantees to preserve user-specified feature lines while achieving a high compression ratio. By applying the spectral shape analysis – Dirichlet Manifold Harmonics, in the 2D parametric domain, this method provides a progressive compression mechanism to trade-off between bit-rate and shape quality. Experiments show that this method provides very low bit-rate with high shape-quality and still guarantees the preservation of user-specified feature lines.
Will raising the incomes of all increase the happiness of all

Today, as in the past, within a country at a given time those with higher incomes are, on average, happier. However, raising the incomes of all does not increase the happiness of all. This is because the material norms on which judgments of well-being are based increase in the same proportion as the actual income of the society. These conclusions are suggested by data on reported happiness, material norms, and income collected in surveys in a number of countries over the past half century.
A comparison of piezoelectric and electrostatic electromechanical coupling for ultrasonic transduction and power generation

Electrostatic and piezoelectric electromechanical coupling are employed in miniature devices to produce ultrasonic waves or generate power. It has been pointed out in the technical literature that in principle electrostatic devices can be designed to have an electromechanical coupling factor of nearly 100%, while it is thought that the upper limit for piezoelectric devices is significantly smaller. We have recently developed a closed-form model of a thin-film piezoelectric device to predict the performance of membrane piezoelectric energy converters. The model was used to identify several key design and process parameters that have a substantial effect on electromechanical coupling. This model is general enough to allow a comparison of the two technologies, electrostatics and piezoelectrics, at a lower level of detail. In this paper, the model is used to compare the components of the electromechanical coupling factor; capacitance, stiffness, and actuation force, for the two energy conversion technologies. The comparison shows that the capacitance and actuation force coefficient are drastically different for the two technologies, and are controlled by fundamental material properties and device geometries. Consequences of the differences for the design of ultrasonic transducers and power generation devices are discussed.
Local Delivery of Angiopoietin-2 into the Preovulatory Follicle Terminates the Menstrual Cycle in Rhesus Monkeys

The angiopoietin (ANGPT)-receptor (TEK) system plays a crucial role in blood vessel formation and stability. Because the endogenous agonist ANGPT1, antagonist ANGPT2, and TEK are expressed in the primate ovary, experiments were designed to investigate their role at a critical time during tissue remodeling/ angiogenesis in the menstrual cycle (i.e., at midcycle during maturation, ovulation, and luteinization of the dominant follicle). Either vehicle, 20 mg of ANGPT1, 2 mg of ANGPT2 (lowdose), or 20 mg of ANGPT2 (high-dose) was injected directly into the preovulatory follicle of monkeys around the day (2 1t o 0) of the midcycle estradiol (E 2)/LH peak. Ovaries were evaluated on Day 3 postinjection for follicle rupture, and serum samples were analyzed for levels of E 2 and progesterone. Similar to controls, ANGPT1 treatment was followed by ovulation, and elevated progesterone levels during the luteal phase. In contrast, high-dose ANGPT2 treatment prevented follicle rupture, and progesterone levels never rose above baseline in the subsequent 12 days. However, an E 2 peak typically occurred 12 days postinjection. Laparoscopy detected a preovulatory follicle on the contralateral (noninjected) ovary. Progesterone levels subsequently increased above baseline in these animals. Thus, exogenous ANGPT2 disrupted maturation of the preovulatory follicle, preventing its ovulation and conversion into the corpus luteum. ANGPT antagonism eliminated the dominant structure, thereby resetting the ovarian cycle, with selection and maturation of the next preovulatory follicle occurring in a timely manner. The data are consistent with a critical role of the ANGPTTIE1/TEK system in the ovary, notably at the late stages of follicle maturation during the menstrual cycle. angiogenesis, angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, corpus luteum, follicle, menstrual cycle, ovary, ovulation, preovulatory follicle, rhesus monkeys
Superior 5' homogeneity of RNA from ATP-initiated transcription under the T7 phi 2.5 promoter.

Transcription from the commonly used GTPinitiating T7 class III promoter f6.5 frequently produces heterogeneous RNA at both 3¢ and 5¢ ends. We demonstrate here that RNA transcripts from the T7 class II promoter f2.5 have superior 5¢ homogeneity over those from the f6.5 promoter, with comparable total RNA yields. The overall homogeneity of RNA transcripts is improved to different degrees depending on RNA sequences, although transcription under f2.5 does not affect the 3¢ heterogeneity of RNA. In combination with 3¢ RNA trimming by DNAzymes or ribozymes, this ATPinitiated transcription system based on the T7 f2.5 promoter can provide excellent quality of RNA for applications requiring a high degree of RNA size homogeneity.
Landscape- vs gap-level controls on the abundance of a fire-sensitive, late-successional tree species.

Tsuga heterophylla (western hemlock), a fire-sensitive, late-successional tree species, is an important component of old-growth forests in the Pacific Northwest, USA. In the Oregon Coast Range, however, T. heterophylla occurs at low densities in or is completely absent from many conifer stands. We used a cellular automata-based simulation model to explore the influences of the fire regime and gap disturbances on T. heterophylla dynamics at a landscape scale. The abundance of T. heterophylla in the simulated landscape was particularly sensitive to variation in fire return interval and fire severity. T. heterophylla was less sensitive to canopy gap return interval, probability of recruitment in canopy gaps, and the probability of rare long-distance dispersal events. Relatively short periods of high fire frequency caused a rapid and persistent decline in the amount of T. heterophylla in the landscape. Based on the simulation results, we propose two new hypotheses. The first is that landscape-level constraints imposed by the frequency, severity, and pattern of wildfires will limit the potential for gap-level processes to affect T. heterophylla regeneration patterns at the landscape scale. The second, related hypothesis is that legacies of cumulative fire effects will have a strong influence on the subsequent development of late-successional forest structure.
Prevalence of Medication Treatment for Attention Deficit–Hyperactivity Disorder Among Elementary School Children in Johnston County, North Carolina

Objectives. This study estimated the prevalence of medication treatment for attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among elementary school children in a North Carolina county.Methods. Parents of 7333 children in grades 1 through 5 in 17 public elementary schools were asked whether their child had ever been given a diagnosis of ADHD by a psychologist or physician and whether their child was currently taking medication to treat ADHD. Parents of 6099 children (83%) responded.Results. By parental report, 607 children (10%) had been given an ADHD diagnosis and 434 (7%) were receiving ADHD medication treatment. Seventy-one % of the diagnosed children were receiving medication. Treatment rates varied by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade.Conclusions. If treatment patterns observed in this study are representative, the public health impact of ADHD may be underestimated. (Am J Public Health. 2002;92:231–234)
Pmp-Like Proteins Pls1 and Pls2 Are Secreted into the Lumen of the Chlamydia trachomatis Inclusion

The obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis secretes effector proteins across the membrane of the pathogen-containing vacuole (inclusion) to modulate host cellular functions. In an immunological screen for secreted chlamydial proteins, we identified CT049 and CT050 as potential inclusion membrane-associated proteins. These acidic, nonglobular proteins are paralogously related to the passenger domain of the polymorphic membrane protein PmpC and, like other Pmp proteins, are highly polymorphic among C. trachomatis ocular and urogenital strains. We generated antibodies to these Pmp-like secreted (Pls) proteins and determined by immunofluorescence microscopy that Pls1 (CT049) and Pls2 (CT050) localized to globular structures within the inclusion lumen and at the inclusion membrane. Fractionation of membranes and cytoplasmic components from infected cells by differential and density gradient centrifugation further indicated that Pls1 and Pls2 associated with membranes distinct from the bulk of bacterial and inclusion membranes. The accumulation of Pls1 and, to a lesser extent, Pls2 in the inclusion lumen was insensitive to the type III secretion inhibitor C1, suggesting that this translocation system is not essential for Pls protein secretion. In contrast, Pls secretion and stability were sensitive to low levels of beta-lactam antibiotics, suggesting that a functional cell wall is required for Pls secretion from the bacterial cell. Finally, we tested the requirement for these proteins in Chlamydia infection by microinjecting anti-Pls1 and anti-Pls2 antibodies into infected cells. Coinjection of anti-Pls1 and -Pls2 antibodies partially inhibited expansion of the inclusion. Because Pls proteins lack classical sec-dependent secretion signals, we propose that Pls proteins are secreted into the inclusion lumen by a novel mechanism to regulate events important for chlamydial replication and inclusion expansion.
Wolbachia Multilocus Sequence Typing of Singly Infected and Multiply Infected Populations of Northern Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

ABSTRACT The northern corn rootworm (Diabrotica barberi Smith & Lawrence) in eastern and central North America exhibits at least three distinct populations with respect to Wolbachia infection: uninfected; singly infected; multiply infected. The infected states are associated with different mtDNA haplotypes and reduced mtDNA variability. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to define strain types and examine the diversity of Wolbachia infecting northern corn rootworm. Four of the five MLST genes (coxA, hcpA, fbpA, and ftsZ) were represented by three alleles each. The remaining MLST gene (gatB) had four to six alleles. The uncertainty arose from whether to call two small clusters new alleles or artifacts of the amplification process. Singly infected individuals had a common set of alleles that defined one strain (wBarB). This strain was also a component of the multiple infections. A second strain (wBarA), restricted to the multiple infections, was defined by alleles that appeared with substantially gr...
Diagnosis and Risk Stratification in Acute Coronary Syndromes

Since the 1970s, radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has played an important role in diagnosis and risk-stratification of patients with acute ischemic coronary syndromes (ACS). In this chapter, the role of radionuclide imaging techniques in the broad setting of ACS will be reviewed, with emphasis on decision points where the imaging data have been shown to enhance the clinician’s information base in order to optimally manage patients in this setting. Also reviewed will be the role of newer and emerging imaging techniques such as cardiac computed tomography (CT), cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and radionuclide techniques, that are under development but not yet widely available, that may have potential clinical utility in the setting of ACS.
Improved downward-looking terrain database integrity monitor and terrain navigation

Terrain database integrity monitors and terrain referenced navigation systems are both based on performing a comparison between stored terrain elevation data and data obtained from airborne sensors such as radar altimeters, inertial measurement units (IMUs), Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers etc. The concept of consistency checking as used for the integrity monitor function originated from terrain referenced navigation systems. This paper discusses the extension to a previously proposed method of improving the performance of a spatial integrity monitor for terrain elevation databases. Furthermore, this paper discusses an improvement of the terrain-referenced aircraft position estimation for aircraft navigation using only the information from downward-looking sensors, GPS and the terrain databases, and not the information from the IMU. Horizontal failures have been characterized based on the sensed terrain information. Kalman filter methods have been designed to achieve the integrity monitor and terrain navigation performance improvements. The performance of the proposed position estimator and integrity monitor is evaluated using flight test data from NASA's flight trials at Eagle/Vail (EGE), CO and Ohio University's flight trials at Albany (KUNI), OH, Asheville (AVL), NC, and Juneau (JNU), AK.
Dynamics of a plant–herbivore model

We formulate a simple host-parasite type model to study the interaction of certain plants and herbivores. Our two-dimensional discrete-time model utilizes leaf and herbivore biomass as state variables. The parameter space consists of the growth rate of the host population and a parameter describing the damage inflicted by herbivores. We present insightful bifurcation diagrams in that parameter space. Bistability and a crisis of a strange attractor suggest two control strategies: reducing the population of the herbivore under some threshold or increasing the growth rate of the plant leaves.
Improving wireless privacy with an identifier-free link layer protocol

We present the design and evaluation of an 802.11-like wireless link layer protocol that obfuscates all transmitted bits to increase privacy. This includes explicit identifiers such as MAC addresses, the contents of management messages, and other protocol fields that the existing 802.11 protocol relies on to be sent in the clear. By obscuring these fields, we greatly increase the difficulty of identifying or profiling users from their transmissions in ways that are otherwise straightforward. Our design, called SlyFi, is nearly as efficient as existing schemes such as WPA for discovery, link setup, and data delivery despite its heightened protections; transmission requires only symmetric key encryption and reception requires a table lookup followed by symmetric key decryption. Experiments using our implementation on Atheros 802.11 drivers show that SlyFi can discover and associate with networks faster than 802.11 using WPA-PSK. The overhead SlyFi introduces in packet delivery is only slightly higher than that added by WPA-CCMP encryption (10% vs. 3% decrease in throughput).
Comment on Derivation of Anomalous Ward-takahashi Identities in the Functional Integration Formulation of Field Theory

We point out that in the calculations of the triangle anomaly there is a discrepancy between the result of the functional method applied to a chiral model by Fujikawa and the result of the conventional perturbation approach applied to this model. Possible sources for the discrepancy are briefly discussed.
Are all DNA binding and transcription regulation by an activator physiologically relevant

Understanding how a regulatory protein occupies its sites in vivo is central to understanding gene regulation. Using the yeast Gal4 protein as a model for such studies, we have found 239 potential Gal4 binding sites in the yeast genome, 186 of which are in open reading frames (ORFs). This raises the questions of whether these sites are occupied by Gal4 and, if so, to what effect. We have analyzed the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ACC1 gene (encoding acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase), which has three Gal4 binding sites in its ORF. The plasmid titration assay has demonstrated that Gal4 occupies these sites in the context of an active ACC1 gene. We also find that the expression of the ACC1 is reduced fourfold in galactose medium and that this reduction is dependent on the Gal4 binding sites, suggesting that Gal4 bound to the ORF sites affects transcription of ACC1. Interestingly, removal of the Gal4 binding sites has no obvious effect on the growth in galactose under laboratory conditions. In addition, though the sequence of the ACC1 gene is highly conserved among yeast species, these Gal4 binding sites are not present in the Kluyveromyces lactis ACC1 gene. We suggest that the occurrence of these sites may not be related to galactose regulation and a manifestation of the “noise” in the occurrence of Gal4 binding sites.
Evaluation of an Inmate-Run Alternatives to Violence Project The Impact of Inmate-to-Inmate Intervention

The Alternatives to Violence Project (AVP), a nonviolence training program run for inmates by inmates, represents an attempt to combat institutional violence. This program provides alternatives to violent behavior; it decreases the rate of violence within and among the prison population and may translate back to the community on release. An impact evaluation of an AVP was conducted in a medium-security corrections facility in Maryland. Despite limitations, the results from this evaluation demonstrate a positive impact on anger and self-reported confrontation for inmates who completed a basic level conflict resolution workshop as compared to those who did not. The power of the institutional environment, the need for continued intervention with offenders, and future directions for correctional setting-based evaluations are discussed.
A Sono-Electrochemical Technique for Enhanced Particle Removal from Tantalum Surfaces

Low power megasonics is of interest to semiconductor cleaning community due to minimal feature damage. In this work, megasonic field at low power density in conjunction with electrochemistry is used for enhanced removal of silica particles from tantalum wafers. Cleaning studies were conducted in air or argon saturated aqueous solutions at 0.5 W/cm2 in the absence and presence of applied potentials of −1.5 V or −2.0 V to tantalum (vs Ag/AgCl). The improvement in particle removal efficiency is attributed to oscillating hydrogen bubbles formed from water reduction in vicinity of tantalum surface and grown to a resonant size under suitable acoustic conditions. © 2014 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.008404ssl] All rights reserved.
Dynamic stresses, coulomb failure, and remote triggering: corrected

Abstract Dynamic stresses associated with crustal surface waves with 15–30 s periods and peak amplitudes
Magnetic resonance mapping of transplanted endothelial progenitor cells for therapeutic neovascularization in ischemic heart disease.

Objective: Intramyocardial transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has been previously correlated with significant augmentation of vascularity and improvement of left ventricular function following myocardial ischemia. However, precise intramyocardial localization of the transplanted cells and the extent of in situ cell migration are unknown. We present a novel technique using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to localize transplanted EPCs in ischemic hearts. Methods: CD34-positive cells were isolated from human peripheral blood by magnetic bead selection: CD34-positive cells adhere to CD34-negative antibody coated magnetic beads, while CD34negative cells do not. All cells were labeled with fluorescent DiI-dye for histological localization. CD34-positive cells or CD34-negative cells (105, 1 £ 106 and 2 £ 106 cells) were transplanted into non-ischemic ðn ¼ 6Þ or ischemic myocardium ðn ¼ 2Þ of Sprague‐ Dawley rats. Rats were sacrificed 24 h after cell transplantation. The resected hearts were imaged ex vivo using 3 and 8.5 T magnets. Morphological correlation between the MRI findings and fluorescent microscopy for identification of retained CD34-positive cells was evaluated. Results: CD34-positive cells were identified as areas of low signal intensity on T2*-weighted images within the myocardium. These areas increased in size with the gradual increase in the echo time due to susceptibility effect. The extent of the low signal intensity at a given echo time was proportional to cell dosage. No areas of low signal were identified in the CD34-negative cell transplanted hearts. Histological localization of DiI-labeled CD34-positive cells documented a direct anatomic correlation with the localization of transplanted cells on the MRI images. Conclusions: Magnetically labeled EPCs transplanted for therapeutic neovascularization in myocardial ischemia can be visualized with ex vivo MRI at high-field strengths. q 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Transient thermal modeling of high-power pulsed laser diode arrays

Laser diode arrays are a high thermal flux electro-optic application where performance and reliability are a strong function of operating temperature. An understanding of the movement of heat in arrays and the effect of material choices on thermal performance are critical to optimum design of arrays. A modeling tool and accompanying methodology are outlined. Simulated diode array performance under a wide array of conditions and can be used to simulate tests that are difficult or cost-prohibitive. Through the development process, models of full 10-bar arrays were found to be accurate in modeling steady state or quasi-steady state performance but insufficient for microsecond transient responses. Initial efforts to incorporate small-scale laser diode properties into a large scale device model are described.
Surgical intervention for the treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis

Abstract Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease occurring in 1% to 5% of all neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions. Although the majority of infants diagnosed with NEC are treated with medical management, up to 25% to 50% will require surgery. Surgical intervention is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially in the extremely low birth weight infant. To decrease the complication rate for these infants, a number of surgical procedures are advocated, including the traditional laparotomy with resection, primary anastomosis, the “patch, drain, and wait” approach, the “clip and drop” technique, and bedside peritoneal drainage. Here we examine current surgical interventions for the treatment of NEC with an emphasis on bedside peritoneal drainage. Management of idiopathic perforation with peritoneal drainage is also discussed because of its similarity to NEC. Neonatal nurses must understand the various surgical procedures to better address the concerns of parents and to provide optimal nursing care of the infant with NEC.
Failure analysis methodology for gate oxide breakdown induced by PID

In VLSI manufacturing, high density plasma were employed for deposition and etching steps. Damage due to plasma become inevitable and can potentially break the gate dielectric bonds with increasing gate dielectric leakage current resulting in transistor threshold voltage shifts and device failure. In this paper, a systematic and efficient failure analysis methodology to successfully isolate and characterize defect in the channel region due to plasma charge induced damage was presented. The failure mode and mechanism was also presented.
Changes in Coordination and its Variability with an Increase in Running Cadence.

Alterations in joint mechanics have been associated with common overuse injuries. An increase in running cadence in healthy runners has been shown to improve several parameters that have been tied to injury, but the reorganisation of motion that produces these changes has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to determine if runners change their segment coordination and coordination variability with an acute increase in cadence. Data were collected as ten uninjured runners ran overground at their preferred cadence as well as a cadence 10% higher than preferred. Segment coordination and coordination variability were calculated for select thigh-shank and shank-foot couples and selected knee mechanics were also calculated. Paired t-tests were used to examine differences between the preferred and increased cadence conditions. With increased cadence, there was a decrease in peak knee flexion and a later occurrence of peak knee flexion and internal rotation and shank internal rotation. Segment coordination was altered with most changes occurring in mid-late stance. Coordination variability decreased with an increase in cadence across all couples and phases of gait. These results suggest examination of coordination and its variability could give insight into the risk of intervention-induced injury.
The Coca-Cola Center for Marketing Studies: A Model for Marketing Research and Education

There are numerous organizational structures within Universities designed to create and disseminate knowledge. We explore the role of centers or institutes, primarily focusing on the Coca-Cola Center for Marketing Studies (CMS) at the University of Georgia. The CMS seeks to advance marketing research education, to identify and develop new programs and methods to serve the marketing community, and to maintain and strengthen relations with the business community. Perhaps the most important role the CMS plays is in the administration of the Masters of Marketing Research (MMR) Program. Through a brief exploration of the histories of the CMS and the MMR Program, we illustrate the unique collaboration that exists between industry and academy, concentrating on the unique features and functions of the CMS and providing examples of how this center and the associated MMR program at its core can serve as models for other academic units (e.g., in terms of disseminating knowledge).
Investigation of Material Convergence in the September 2013 Colorado Floods

AbstractMaterial convergence represents the flow of in-kind donations, specifically supplies and equipment, which travels to an area in the aftermath of a disaster. Unfortunately, unsolicited low-priority or nonpriority donations can disrupt the ability of responders to effectively manage items that arrive, thereby impeding the distribution of high-priority items to those affected by the disaster. Previous literature has emphasized the enormity of this problem and identified the necessity of addressing it. With this issue in mind, therefore, a series of interviews was conducted in the aftermath of the September 2013 flooding in Colorado to determine the extent and impact of material convergence on the relief efforts for this particular disaster event. The results of the case study show that relief organizations observed material convergence to be less of an issue in this particular event than in previous disasters. To better understand this result and to provide support for helping to improve future respo...
Lipid Droplet Proteins and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism

Lipid droplet (LD) is an intracellular organelle that stores neutral lipids including triglycerides, cholesterol ester, and retinyl ester. LD is not a passive depot of excess lipids but is a metabolically active organelle that interacts with endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and other cellular compartment to regulate fate of intracellular lipids. As the increase in size and number of LD is a key feature of hepatosteatosis, information regarding LD biogenesis and mobilization is highly relevant to hepatic lipid metabolism. Lipid droplet proteins represented by perilipins (PLIN) reside on the surface of LD and contribute to stabilization and degradation of LD through their interactions with neutral lipids and lipid metabolic enzymes. For example PLIN1, a prototypical PLIN enriched in adipocytes, prevents lipolysis at un-stimulated state but supports robust increase in lipolysis upon cAMP dependent protein kinase (PKA) activation by regulating access of lipases to LD. The presence of 4 PLINs (PLIN1, PLIN2, PLIN3, and PLIN5) with distinct characteristics is reported in normal liver and that affected by hepatosteatosis. Here, we discuss the current knowledge regarding expression and functions of each PLIN in the liver at physiological and pathological status.
Oral lichen planus

Lichen planus is an inflammatory mucocutaneous disease that can affect the skin, hair, nails, and mucosal surfaces. Mucosal sites of involvement include oral, genital, ocular, otic, esophageal, and, less commonly, bladder, nasal, laryngeal, and anal surfaces. Oral lichen planus is a mucosal variant of lichen planus, which tends to affect women more often than men, with a typically more chronic course and potential for significant morbidity. Treatment can be challenging, and there is potentially a low risk of malignant transformation; however, therapeutic benefits can be obtained with various topical and systemic medications. Clinical monitoring is recommended to ensure symptomatic control. Increasing awareness and recognition of this entity have continued to fuel advances in therapy and in our understanding of the disease.
Touched by an owl? An essay in vernacular ethology

This essay leverages a minor critical dispute about being ‘touched’ by fictional talking birds to raise larger questions about the poetics of anthropomorphism. Most immediately, how should readers respond to eloquent birds? Anthropomorphic characters often elicit uncritical sentimental reactions, but they also incur judgments appropriate for mature men and women. I reject both alternatives in favor of a transmorphic reading, a model that I derive from modern ethological studies that revalidate longstanding lay discourse about nonhuman animals. I then give particular attention to the challenge posed to a transmorphic reading by birds represented as self-conscious and self-fashioning. Building on some recent neuroscientific findings, I analyze the self-awareness represented in – and produced by – texts like The Owl and the Nightingale. I argue that such texts engage us in transmorphic subjectivity, demonstrating that we too know ourselves to be anthromorphs.
Translocation-based genetic sexing system to enhance the sterile insect technique against the melon fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)

The autosomal recessive bubble wing (bw) mutant was used to construct a translocation-based genetic sex sorting system in the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett). The translocation stock has females with the bubble wing phenotype that are unable to fly, but the males are wild-type and fly normally. The bubble wing translocation strain has lower egg hatch, larval viability, and eclosion rates than the wild-type strain. Expression of the bubble wing trait is temperature-dependent, with high expression of the trait in 92% of adults at 23°C but in only 15% of adults at 28°C. This translocation-based sex sorting system is the only method available for automatic separation of male and female melon flies in sterile insect release programs.
Post-marketing Safety Literature Analysis and Risk Control Recommendations of Shuxuening Injection

Shuxuening injection is the ginkgo preparation which is widely used in clinic.By retrospective study on shuxuening injection post-marketing safety status in the literature at home and abroad,it is found that the main adverse reactions of allergic reactions with the characteristics of immediate hypersensitivity,alone or in combination may cause risk.Serious adverse reactions mainly involved anaphylactoid reaction,allergic shock,respiratory system damage with difficult breathing,cardiovascular system damage with chest tightness and palpitation.There are very rare literatures reported bleeding.We put forward risk control measures in accordance with the drug itself characteristics,and suggestions for safe and rational use of the drug.
Direct face detection and video reconstruction from event cameras

Event cameras are emerging as a new class of cameras, to potentially rival conventional CMOS cameras, because of their high speed operation and low power consumption. Pixels in an event camera operate in parallel and fire asynchronous spikes when individual pixels encounter a change in intensity that is greater than a pre-determined threshold. Such event-based cameras have an immense potential in battery-operated or always-on application scenarios, owing to their low power consumption. These event-based cameras can be used for direct detection from event streams, and we demonstrate this potential using face detection as an example application. We first propose and develop a patch-based model for the event streams acquired from such cameras. We demonstrate the utility and robustness of the patch-based model for event-based video reconstruction and event-based direct face detection. We are able to reconstruct images and videos at over 2,000 fps from the acquired event streams. In addition, we demonstrate the first direct face detection from event streams, highlighting the potential of these event-based cameras for power-efficient vision applications.
The development of Māori primary care services

This paper provides a broad overview of the development of Māori primary care services over the last decade and an outline of the current scope of Māori primary care services. The paper also recognizes the number of challenges and opportunities that face Māori providers and will briefly discuss three that are relevant to all providers: frameworks, information and effectiveness. Developing frameworks for contract specification and performance criteria that reflect Māori models of health and well-being, intersectoral approaches and the use of kaupapa and tikanga Māori in service development and delivery is a major challenge. Current approaches, while acknowledging these areas, for example in contracts, are based within the frameworks of a Western medical model. We have yet to clearly identify how we can meaningfully incorporate these philosophical and practical approaches to providing services into contractual arrangements. Providers have identified a need for information. The providers pass significant amounts of information to the funding agency, however many feel that very little information is returned from the funding agencies to the provider organizations. These providers could well use information feedback from the funding agency when they are reviewing and developing their services. There are also other types of information, for example having access to detailed local epidemiological and demographic information, that would be very useful to providers who are reviewing existing programs and developing new services. The third 'universal' challenge is the need to begin to collect information about how effective current Māori health strategies are, and how effectively services are caring for Māori clients. Developing information on effectiveness could utilize a multi-faceted approach, with information being collected at the provider level as well as at population level. Other questions relate to the effectiveness of our health promoting, disease preventing or disease management interventions. These points are relevant to all providers, but information on the effectiveness of mainstream health services is just as limited. The disparity between Māori and non-Maori health status however, suggests that these services (both public and personal health services) have not been as effective as they could have been.
Missiles and War Games

The German V1 buzz-bomb terrified London in World War II. The V1 was an air-breathing cruise missile, supported by lift forces from the air. The German V2 was the first ballistic missile that flew above the atmosphere without oxygen. The first of 3700 V2 flights took place on 2 October 1942. V2s carried 1000-kg conventional explosives some 300 km, similar to today’s Russian Scud B. The accuracy of the V2 was poor, only 35 % landed within 2 km of their targets. At this rate, ICBM accuracy, over its range of almost 10,000 km, would be 60 km. As ICBMs improved, the nuclear arms race shifted from slow, recallable bombers to fast, non-recallable, MIRVed (multiple, independently targetable reentry vehicles) ICBMs. Increased ICBM accuracy led to decreased weapon yields to attack silos, dropping from a megaton to one-third Mton. Huge warheads of 10 Mton (US) and 100 Mton (USSR) were deployed to produce electromagnetic pulses to shut-down military and civilian communication. To enhance leadership attacks, the US developed earth-penetrating warheads.
Does scripting operative plans in advance lead to better preparedness of trainees? A pilot study.

Abstract Background We pondered if preoperative scripting might better prepare residents for the operating room (OR). Methods Interns rotating on a general surgeon's service were instructed to script randomized cases prior to entering the OR. Scripts contained up to 20 points highlighting patient information perceived important for surgical management. The attending was blinded to the scripting process and completed a feedback sheet (Likert scale) following each procedure. Feedback questions were categorized into “preparedness” (aware of patient specific details, etc.) and “performance” (provided better assistance, etc.). Results Eight surgical interns completed 55 scripted and 61 non-scripted cases. Total scores were higher in scripted cases (p = 0.02). Performance scores were higher for scripted cases (3.31 versus 3.13, p = 0.007), while preparedness did not differ (3.65 and 3.62, p = 0.51). Conclusions This pilot study suggests scripting cases may be a useful preoperative planning tool to increase interns' operative and patient care performance but may not affect perceived preparedness.
Resistive CAM Acceleration for Tunable Approximate Computing

The Internet of Things significantly increases the amount of data generated, straining the processing capability of current computing systems. Approximate computing is a promising solution to accelerate computation by trading off energy and accuracy. In this paper, we propose a resistive content addressable memory (CAM) accelerator, called RCA, which exploits data locality to have an approximate memory-based computation. RCA stores high frequency patterns and performs computation inside CAM without using processing cores. During execution time, RCA searches an input operand among all prestored values on a CAM and returns the row with the nearest distance. To manage accuracy, we use a distance metric which considers the impact of each bit indices on computation accuracy. We evaluate an application of proposed RCA on CPU approximation, where RCA can be used as a stand-alone or as a hybrid computing unit besides CPU cores for tunable CPU approximation. We evaluate the architecture of the proposed RCA using HSPICE and multi2sim by testing our results on x86 CPU processor. Our evaluation shows that RCA can accelerate CPU computation by 12.6× and improve the energy efficiency by 6.6× as compared to a traditional CPU architecture, while providing acceptable quality of service.
Multiplicative Functions and the Sign of Maass Form Fourier Coefficients

Mean value theorems for multiplicative arithmetic functions are applied to demonstrate uniformity of sign changes in the Fourier coefficients of automorphic forms.
Reaction ^ C（^ O,α）^ Mg Leading to Nuclear Molecular Resonances

The reactions $^{12}\mathrm{C}$($^{16}\mathrm{O}$,$\ensuremath{\alpha}$)$^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$ and $^{13}\mathrm{C}$($^{16}\mathrm{O}$,$\ensuremath{\alpha}$)$^{25}\mathrm{Mg}$ were investigated at an incident energy of 145 MeV. In the reaction with the $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ target, broad peaks are observed at forward angles which correspond to the molecular resonance states of the $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ + $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ system, while the spectra with $^{13}\mathrm{C}$ target show only a smooth continuum.
The influence of antidepressants on restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements: A systematic review

Restless legs syndrome is commonly co-morbid with medical conditions that are treated with antidepressant medications, such as depression, anxiety, fibromyalgia, and chronic insomnia disorder. Evidence from case reports and cross-sectional studies suggests that antidepressants may induce or worsen restless legs syndrome and increase periodic limb movements. We undertook a systematic review of the literature to identify and collate all prospective studies that measured restless legs syndrome symptoms and/or periodic limb movements following the introduction of an antidepressant. Eighteen studies were eligible for inclusion. Current data indicate that onset or exacerbation of restless legs syndrome and rise in frequency of periodic limb movements are uncommon following the initiation of an antidepressant. Among the various antidepressants, mirtazapine may be associated with higher rates of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements. One small study of normal volunteers suggested that venlafaxine may be associated with an increase in restless legs syndrome symptoms and periodic limb movements. Sertraline, fluoxetine, and amitriptyline appear to increase periodic limb movements that do not disrupt sleep and are thus unlikely to be clinically significant. On the other hand, bupropion may reduce restless legs syndrome symptoms, at least in the short term. Sedating antidepressants such as trazodone, nefazodone, and doxepin do not seem to aggravate periodic limb movements. The current evidence is limited by poor study design, inadequate use of standardized questionnaires, and heterogeneous populations studied for variable lengths of time. Future research should attempt to remedy these shortcomings.
The role of the perceptions of school climate and teacher victimization by students

Violence directed toward teachers in schools is relatively understudied in comparison with other school-based forms of peer aggression (e.g., school bullying). Based on the nationally representativ...