cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Rhetoric of Parody in Plato's Menexenus

In Plato's Menexenus, Socrates spends nearly the entire dialogue reciting an epitaphios logos, or funeral oration, that he claims was taught to him by Aspasia, Pericles' mistress. Three difficulties confront the interpreter of this dialogue. First, commentators have puzzled over how to understand the intention of Socrates'funeral oration (see Clavaud 1980,17-77).1 Some insist that it is parodic, performing an essentially critical function (e.g., Loraux 1986); while others claim that it is serious, in particular as an expression of Plato's political ideal (e.g., Kahn 1963).2 Adherents on both sides seem to think that the options are mutually exclusive.3 Second, commentators have had difficulty understanding why Plato would have Socrates attribute his entire oration to Aspasia (e.g., Coventry 1989, 3; Pownall 2004, 60). Most agree that this move is ironic and that it has something to do with the alleged target of the dialogue's criticism. But scholars have differed over whether the Aspasia reference is meant to implicate Pericles' funeral oration (Monoson 1998), rhetoric in general (Pownall 2004), Athens (Loraux 1986), or even Aeschines (Clavaud 1980).4 Third, scholars have struggled to make sense of the dialogue's "deliberate and fantastic anachronism" (Dodds 1990, 24). In the funeral oration, Socrates relates the history of Athens up to the King's Peace in 386 B.C., a full thirteen years after he has died. This problem has generated the least consensus, with some scholars restricting their analysis
The effect of prior treatment on treatment success.

The characteristics of clients discharged from federally funded treatment facilities reporting to CODAP are analyzed in terms of several variables. These are the reasons for discharge (treatment completed, transfer or referral, or treatment not completed), the primary drug of abuse at admission (opiates and nonopiates), and the number of prior treatment experiences. Two independent replications using data for two consecutive quarters produced the same results, finding that the likelihood of completing treatment decreases as the number of prior treatment experiences increases. This relationship was found to apply to both opiate and non-opiate users. Although large differences exist in completion rates between opiate and nonopiate users without prior treatment experience, only small differences exist between opiate and non-opiate users who have had prior treatment. The largest difference in treatment outcome occurs between those with no prior treatment and those who have been treated before. Having one or m...
The thermoregulatory functions of the Triceratops frill and horns: heat flow measured with oxygen isotopes

ABSTRACT Variability of body temperature within fossil vertebrates can be measured by the oxygen isotopie composition of bone phosphate (δp). Intrabone and interbone δp variations indicate heat flow within an individual and can be used to establish thermoregulatory strategies such as homeothermy and regional heterothermy. This method is applied to an individual Triceratops skeleton where the results suggest very high and uniform heat flow through the parietal frill, maintaining mean frill temperatures between 0–4°C below the body core. Heat flow to the postorbital horn-core is much more variable. The frill and horn cores of Triceratops were used as thermoregulatory structures with the horn cores interpreted as being especially important in the stabilization of brain temperatures at extreme ambient temperatures and the frill serving a more consistent role in body temperature regulation.
Rapid curing of bonding composite with a xenon plasma arc light

Abstract The use of light-cured orthodontic adhesives is an increasingly popular method for the bonding of orthodontic brackets. However, one of the disadvantages of light-cured adhesives is their long curing times. The xenon plasma arc curing light is purported to dramatically reduce the required curing time. The purpose of this study was to test the efficiency of a xenon plasma arc light versus a conventional tungsten-quartz halogen light in producing effective bond strengths for orthodontic brackets. Standardized brackets were bonded to bovine enamel with 3 different orthodontic bonding materials. The bonding materials were exposed to the tungsten-quartz halogen light for 40 seconds and to the xenon light for 3, 6, and 9 seconds. Bond strength was tested 30 minutes and 24 hours after light-curing. The results showed that bond strength with the application of the xenon light was greater with longer exposures. There were no statistically significant differences between the bond strengths of the brackets exposed to the tungsten-quartz halogen light for 40 seconds and those exposed to the xenon light for 3, 6, or 9 seconds. However, xenon light exposures of 6 or 9 seconds were required to create bond strengths equal to those produced by the tungsten-quartz halogen light. The xenon light produced equivalent bond strengths at very short light exposures. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001;119:610-6)
Assessment of adherence to atovaquone-proguanil prophylaxis in travelers.

Background. Malaria continues to be a serious, world-wide infection. Atovaquone-proguanil is one of the prophylactic agents recommended for travelers to endemic regions. However, little information is available regarding adherence with this medication. A large proportion of malaria cases reported from travelers is due to non-adherence to prescribed regimens. This study was undertaken to analyze adherence with atovaquone-proguanil prophylaxis and specific factors contributing to non-adherence. Methods. Men and non-pregnant women ≥18 years of age were eligible for inclusion. Enrolled travelers received a prescription for atovaquone-proguanil prophylaxis and were contacted by telephone within 3 weeks of return to the United States. A questionnaire was prepared by the authors to determine if subjects were adherent with the medication. Additional data included demographics, duration of malarious travel, previous use of prophylactic agents, underlying medical conditions, concurrent medications, and reasons for non-adherence. Results. Complete data were available for 104/124 (84%) participants: 49 (47%) men, 55 (53%) women. Average duration of malarious travel was 12 days, and 19 (18%) travelers reported previous travel to a malarious region. Ninety-two (89%) subjects were completely adherent with their prophylactic atovaquone-proguanil course. Adverse effects were seen in 6 (5%) travelers. Conclusions. Adherence with atovaquone-proguanil malaria prophylaxis is high among travelers from a non-endemic region. Adverse effects are minimal. Non-adherence was primarily attributable to travelers' perception of need.
Selecting a somatic type: the role of anorexia in the rest cure.

A collection of before and after photographs of female patients treated using Weir Mitchell’s Rest Cure for neurasthenia shows how important the anorectic body was to the promotion of this specific method of treatment. The photographs document the inevitable weight gain that resulted from the Rest Cure’s prescription of absolute bed rest and the consumption of a high caloric diet requiring the ingestion of several quarts of milk daily. In doing this, the photos served a powerful semiotic function, since the plump individual at the end of the treatment presented a dramatic contrast to the emaciated long-term invalid who had begun it. The after treatment photographs also implied that these women were now capable of discharging their roles as wives and mothers, since an additional benefit of the Rest Cure was that severely underweight patients resumed normal menstrual cycles. However, although the Rest Cure undeniably alleviated some physical symptoms, it did not address underlying issues of what had caused so many of these patients to take to their beds in the first place, often for years at a time.
Specific Immobilization of Firefly Luciferase through a Biotin Carboxyl Carrier Protein Domain

Abstract Firefly luciferase (Photinus pyralis) was fused with a histidine tag and a biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) domain at its amino terminus. Highly purified recombinant luciferase was obtained by a one-step purification protocol, utilizing immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The novel BCCP–luciferase had properties, stability, and activity similar to those of native luciferase. The biotin molecule on the BCCP domain allowed specific immobilization of BCCP–luciferase on avidin-coated surfaces via the biotin–avidin interaction.
Microprocessor technologies for the 21st century

In the past decade, computer technology advances have fundamentally changed practices in business and personal computing. With computer and communication networks extending connectivity to virtually every corner of the planet, the image of a wired world is no longer just a dream, it is a reality. The driving force behind this new computing revolution is rapid advance in processor technology-Moore's Law. Designing a modern processor is a complex task that demands the best trade-offs in its hardware and software components. This talk presents the features and future of Intel microprocessors and their architectures.
Effacement Eclipsed: The Texture of Voice in Jaccottet's L’Ignorant

There is a “poethical” imperative in the work of Philippe Jaccottet—a determined “effacement” of the writing subject—that has led many critics to ignore the distinct texture of this poet's voice. The present study attempts to reveal the complexity of this voice, showing how Jaccottet draws on the most expressive resources of language, while simultaneously negotiating the problematic manifestation of subjectivity that accompanies such expression. Focusing on the collection L’Ignorant, through close analysis of key poems—including the articulations required by salient phonetic patterns—we find that the sense of illumination transmitted throughout these texts cannot simply be ascribed to the poet's ability to serve as a passive medium for nature. Rather, such effects derive in large part from the composition of text—a conscious act of poiesis that reveals the limitations, as well as the continuing potential, of lyric expression.
Prediction and manipulation of the phase morphologies of multiphase polymer blends: II. Quaternary systems

The dispersed phases of a multiphase polymer blend will either form an encapsulation-type phase morphology or the phases will remain separately dispersed, depending on which morphology has the lower free energy. We have developed a model to predict phase morphologies of multiphase polymer blends. Calculations based on the model suggest that interfacial tensions play the major role in establishing the phase structure of a multiphase system, with a less significant role played by the surface areas of the dispersed phases. The model further shows that the phase structure of a multiphase polymer blend can be converted from one type to another by changing the interfacial tensions between one or more pairs of the components using interfacially-active agents such as block or graft copolymers. We have applied the model to different ternary blends of polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene and poly(methyl methacrylate), and have compared the predicted morphologies of these blends with experimental results. In each case, the predicted morphologies agree with those found experimentally. In addition, we have successfully converted the phase structures of these blends from one type to another by using interfacially-active block copolymers.
Greenland's rapid postglacial emergence: A result of ice-water gravitational attraction

The gravitational attraction of the massive Quaternary ice sheets caused the oceans to rise locally relative to the land. As the ice sheets melted and lost mass, the sea level fell in response to the reduced gravitational attraction. This gravitational effect alone could cause raised beaches to occur 85 m above present sea level in Hudson Bay, and it may be the cause of the apparently rapid rate of initial emergence reported in Greenland. If the immediate elastic uplift of the ground is considered, as well as direct gravitational attraction of ice on water, then, of the 135 m of uplift in West Greenland, 54 m may be due to these instantaneous effects. Therefore, the rigidity of the crust and viscosity of the upper mantle beneath Greenland may not be as different from the Earth structure beneath arctic Canada as was previously thought.
Demand-Side Energy Management at the University of Virginia

Abstract The following text offers a view of the Energy Management Program at the University of Virginia (UVa), located in Charlottesville, Virginia. UVa has a very successful history of conserving energy and improving efficiency in central energy systems such as chilled water loops and steam production and distribution. More recently, the UVa Energy Management Program has intensified efforts on demand-side energy conservation opportunities. Demand-side conservation opportunities exist at most college campuses; improvements in efficiency in buildings (demand side) can significantly reduce energy consumption and cost. The keys to an effective demand-side energy management program are shown in the graphic. This basic, continuous improvement cycle of PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT was coined by Deming, and is the basis of energy management at UVa. Past and ongoing successful efforts at UVa have paid huge dividends. They include elimination of many aging stand-alone chillers and boilers by connecting buildings to central ...
Renal responses to acute volume expansion in young spontaneously hypertensive rats

The renal responses to acute volume expansion (VE) were measured from intact and denervated kidneys in 5 week old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Urine flow and sodium excretion were measured before, during and after VE from innervated and denervated kidneys in anesthetized (Inactin - 0.1 g/kg, ip) age and sex matched SHR and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Mean arterial pressure was 23 mm Hg higher in SHR than in WKY. During VE the increment in urinary flow rate and sodium excretion from both innervated and denervated kidneys were greater in SHR than WKY. In another group of SHR, renal perfusion pressure was maintained at a level similar to the arterial pressure in the WKY group (84 mm Hg). When renal perfusion pressure was controlled at the lower level in the SHR there was no longer the increase in diuresis and natriuresis in response to acute VE. Examining differences within a strain, the SHR demonstrate a greater increase in diuresis and natriuresis in response to VE in the absence of ren...
Temperature-Dependent Luminescence Quenching in Random Nano Porous Media

The luminescence quenching of a random, crystalline onedimensional model porous medium doped with rare-earth elements, is analyzed by considering the transport, transitio n, and interaction of the fundamental energy carriers. The quench ing in nano porous media is enhanced compared to a single crystal , due to multiple scattering, enhanced absorption, and low th ermal conductivity. The coherent wave treatment is used to cal culate the photon absorption, in order to allow for field inte rference and enhancement. The luminescent and thermal emission is considered as incoherent. The luminescence quenching and n onlinear thermal emission, occurring with increasing irradi ation intensity, are predicted.
Highly selective hydroformylation of long-chain alkenes in a supercritical fluid ionic liquid biphasic system

Continuous-flow rhodium-catalysed hydroformylation of long chain alkenes has been achieved with selectivities to the desired linear aldehyde of 92% and minimum rhodium loss, using a xantphos-derived ligand attached to an imidazolium salt in a supercritical fluid–ionic liquid system. The effect of oxygen in the system can be ameliorated to some extent by adding a simple sulfonated triphenylphosphine to the catalytic solution.
Bilateral cervical transplantation of canine kidneys for study of canine renal preservation

Abstract Bilateral cervical autotransplantation of canine kidneys is described for comparative study of renal preservation techniques. Data are obtained from kidneys preserved by (1) initial intravascular flushing with modified Collins' Cs solution (Ursol) followed by cold storage, and (2) pulsatile perfusion (MOX 100). Preharvest condition of the donor and ischemia times are identical, thus eliminating major sources of potential data variation. Renal function studies performed at periodic intervals demonstrated better initial function for machine preservation but no difference after one to two-month period.
Radar sounding of glaciers in Greenland

The authors have developed a coherent radar depth sounder operating at 150 MHz. The system is designed to operate as an unfocused SAR and obtains the sensitivity required to sound glacial ice through signal processing even though peak transmit power is about 200 W. The author installed this system on a NASA P-3 aircraft and collected radar data on several flights over Greenland glaciers during the summer of 1995. The radar data were collected in conjunction with laser elevation measurements performed by NASA Wallops and are tagged with Global Positioning System (GPS) information. They collected data over the Humboldt, Jacobshavn and Petermann glaciers. To the best of their knowledge the radar data over these glaciers are the first ever obtained. They applied a homomorphic deconvolution technique to remove multiple echoes of surface and ice-bottom interface. They have been able to identify the grounding line from the radar data. They provide a brief system description and experimental results along with geophysical interpretation of radar data. They also discuss the theory and present results of the homomorphic deconvolution procedure.
Reconsideration of a Tour de France cyclist

in 2005, this author published a paper in the Journal of Applied Physiology that described physiological changes that occurred in a Tour de France cyclist as he matured from 21 to 28 years of age during the period of 1992 to 1999 ([2][1]). This cyclist has recently admitted to using performance-
SEALED GLASS BUSHINGS

Glass bushings with sealed-in metal inserts have been developed to fulfill the need for hermetically sealed electrical apparatus. A special lead-borosilicate glass called GE 1075 and a 42% nickel-iron alloy, both of which have like thermal expansion characteristics, will produce a matched seal. The forming operation consists of melting the glass electrolytically, casting into preheated molds of graphite or iron which have the metal inserts in place, annealing from 500° to 350°C., and cutting off the stub end of the bushing. The finished bushings are fastened to the apparatus by welding or soldering, which eliminates the use of gaskets. A detailed description of the construction, forming process, and testing procedure is given.
Classical and Quantum Molecular Simulations in Nanotechnology Applications

Increases in computer power and improvements in algorithms have greatly extended the range of applicability of classical molecular simulation methods. In addition, the recent development of Internal Coordinate Quantum Monte Carlo (ICQMC) has allowed the direct comparison of classical simulations and quantum mechanical results for some systems. In particular, it has provided new insights into the zero point energy problem in many body systems. Classical studies of non-linear dynamics and chaos will be compared to ICQMC results for several systems of interest to nanotechnology applications. The ramifications of these studies for nanotechnology applications will be discussed.
Structure and stability of O-H donors in ZnO from high-pressure and infrared spectroscopy

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a wide-band-gap semiconductor with potential optical, electronic, and mechanical applications. First-principles investigations [C. G. Van de Walle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1012 (2000)] predicted that hydrogen impurities act as shallow donors in ZnO. IR spectroscopy [M. D. McCluskey et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3807 (2002)] showed that a local vibrational mode at $3326.3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, at liquid-helium temperatures, corresponded to an $\mathrm{O}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{H}$ type bond. The microscopic structure of this hydrogen complex, however, was not determined. In this Brief Report, the structure and stability of $\mathrm{O}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{H}$ complexes are discussed. The second excited state of the $\mathrm{O}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{H}$ stretch mode was found at $6389\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, allowing us to compare the experimental results with the harmonic calculations of Van de Walle. Results from high-pressure and polarized IR spectroscopy strongly suggest that hydrogen occupies an antibonding location with an $\mathrm{O}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{H}$ bond oriented at an angle of 111\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to the $c$ axis. By correlating the IR absorbance strength with free-electron concentration, it was established that the $\mathrm{O}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{H}$ complexes are shallow donors. However, the $\mathrm{O}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{H}$ donors are unstable, decaying significantly after several weeks at room temperature. The kinetics of the dissociation follow a bimolecular decay model, consistent with the formation of ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ molecules.
Supportive exits: A best practices report for a sex worker intervention

AbstractDespite the prevalence of agencies serving sex workers in the United States, there are few program evaluations of supportive services. Phenomenological methods were used to explore the lived experiences of 13 sex workers receiving supportive services in a major city in the American Southwest. Results from this study suggest that clients find the trusted and supportive community within the agency especially helpful. Length of time with the agency influenced respondents’ perceptions of supportive services. Respondents, however, suggested improvements to services such as mentorship programs, opportunities for outreach participation, and services for male sex workers.
Neural responses to negative feedback are related to negative emotionality in healthy adults

Prior neuroimaging and electrophysiological evidence suggests that potentiated responses in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), particularly the rostral ACC, may contribute to abnormal responses to negative feedback in individuals with elevated negative affect and depressive symptoms. The feedback-related negativity (FRN) represents an electrophysiological index of ACC-related activation in response to performance feedback. The purpose of the present study was to examine the FRN and underlying ACC activation using low resolution electromagnetic tomography source estimation techniques in relation to negative emotionality (a composite index including negative affect and subclinical depressive symptoms). To this end, 29 healthy adults performed a monetary incentive delay task while 128-channel event-related potentials were recorded. We found that enhanced FRNs and
INSULIN -POTASSIUM EFFECT ON GASTRIC ACID SECRETION AND ANTRAL MOTILITY IN DOGS

Summary Two groups of dogs were prepared, one group with gastric fistulas, the other with isolated innervated antrums. The gastric fistula dogs were maximally stimulated with a histamine infusion; the effects of insulin and potassium on gastric acid secretion were studied before and after vagotomy. In the second group of dogs, Antral motility was studied under the influence of insulin and potassium. In addition, tests were performed on atropinized gastric fistula dogs and on both groups while receiving a dextrose infusion. The following results were obtained. 1.Insulin caused an inhibition of histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion. Inhibition commenced during the third 15-min period and reached a nadir 90 min after insulin injection. The inhibitory phenomenon was completely prevented or reversed by a continuous potassium infusion or an acute potassium load, respectively. 2.The protective role of potassium was not dependent upon an intact parasympathetic mucosal innervation. 3.Antral motility was acutely inhibited and then stimulated by insulin. Neither inhibition nor stimulation was influenced by a continuous potassium infusion. 4.Insulin inhibition of acid secretion persisted in the absence of hypoglycemia; inhibition of motility was apparently prolonged as a result of the absence of ensuing stimulation. 5.Because of their different inhibitory patterns and their differences in response to a potassium infusion, it is suggested that acid secretory and antral motility inhibition may have separate mechanisms. In an attempt to explain these findings, a working hypothesis is outlined.
Mainstream Legal Responses to Domestic Violence vs. Real Needs of Diverse Communities, Conference: Revolutions within Communities: The Fifth Annual Domestic Violence Conference

Over the past ten years, there has been tremendous progress in developing programs that address the needs of survivors of intimate partner violence. At the state and federal level, advocates have succeeded in securing funding and political support for survivors. As a result of their efforts, there has been an increase in protective services, and laws have been passed providing criminal and civil remedies for targets of violence. In addition, the public is increasingly aware of intimate partner violence. Several politicians and private institutions have demonstrated a commitment to change society's response to battered women. Despite this progress, current legal remedies and institutional services do not fully respond to the needs of all women. In particular, women who are otherwise marginalized within society remain on the outside with respect to these services and remedies. As members of outsider communities, women of color, immigrant women, disabled women, and poor women continue to face tremendous obstacles accessing services and particularly legal strategies.
Characterization of Corrosion Products in RTPF and All-Aluminum Microchannel Heat Exchangers

Phases and morphology of corrosion products formed on failed round tube and plate fin (RTPF) and all-aluminum microchannel heat exchangers are characterized. RTPF heat exchanger experiences formicary corrosion or ant nest corrosion due to interaction with carboxylic compounds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are used to determine different compounds formed on infinite loop copper RTPF heat exchanger. Complex compounds of zinc carbonate hydroxide, cupric oxide, cuprous oxides were also found on RTPF heat exchanger. SEM/EDS and FTIR analyses have been done on all-aluminum microchannel heat exchanger to document morphological and elemental analyses of corrosion products.
RF induced heating of pacemaker/ICD lead-tips during MRI Scans at 1.5T and 3T: evaluation in cadavers

Background Studies about the safety of MRI exams for patients with pacemakers/ICDs at 1.5T have been reported [Nazarian S., et al. Annals of internal medicine 155.7 (2011): 415-424.]. Of most concern is possible heating of the lead-tips in contact with the myocardium. Little is known about the relative safety of 3T MRI exams for these patients and in vivo lead-tip heating data is difficult, if not impossible, to obtain. Our objective was to measure lead-tip heating directly in human cadavers with pacemakers/ICDs at both 3.0T and 1.5T.
Frequency domain optical tomography instrument with high frequencies for imaging small geometries

We present a frequency domain optical tomography instrument for imaging small geometries. The instrument employs modulation frequencies up to 1 GHz which allows yields better separation of absorption and scattering and more accurate reconstructions.
More on Matching

Let G be an undirected graph with weight function w. Recall from last lecture that the weight of a matching M in G, denoted w(M), is the sum of the weights of the edges in M, and the incremental weight of a set A of edges, denoted Δ(A), is the sum of the weights of the unmatched edges in A less the sum of the weights of the matched edges in A. For an augmenting path p, Δ(p) gives the net change in weight that would be obtained by augmenting by p.
Survival of Borrelia burgdorferi in Whole Milk, Low Fat Milk, and Skim Milk at 34°C and in Skim Milk at 5°C.

Autoclaved whole milk, low-fat milk, protein-fortified skim milk and regular skim milk were inoculated to contain ca. 105 to 106 Borrelia burgdorferi strains 35210, 35211, or EBNI/ml and stored at 34°C for 16 d. Similarly inoculated skim milk also was held at 5°C for 46 d. Numbers of survivors were estimated by the Most Probable Number (MPN) technique. In all instances, numbers of B. burgdorferi decreased over the storage period. At 34°C, no strain of B. burgdorferi was detected after day 12. The mean D-values, at 34°C, for strains 35210, 35211, and EBNI were 2.2, 2.4, and 2.2 d, respectively. The mean D-values, at 34°C, for all strains in whole milk, low-fat milk, protein-fortified skim milk, and regular skim milk were 2.4, 2.3, 1.9, and 2.4 d, respectively. At 5°C, spirochete numbers in regular skim milk decreased, but all three strains remained at a detectable level for 46 d. The mean D-values, at 5°C, for strains 35210, 35211, and EBNI were 12, 15, and 12 d, respectively.
Learning with Rejection

We introduce a novel framework for classification with a rejection option that consists of simultaneously learning two functions: a classifier along with a rejection function. We present a full theoretical analysis of this framework including new data-dependent learning bounds in terms of the Rademacher complexities of the classifier and rejection families as well as consistency and calibration results. These theoretical guarantees guide us in designing new algorithms that can exploit different kernel-based hypothesis sets for the classifier and rejection functions. We compare and contrast our general framework with the special case of confidence-based rejection for which we devise alternative loss functions and algorithms as well. We report the results of several experiments showing that our kernel-based algorithms can yield a notable improvement over the best existing confidence-based rejection algorithm.
Gamma-Ray Spectrum of Ac 228

The gamma radiation from a radioactively pure source of ${\mathrm{Ac}}^{228}$ has been studied using a NaI scintillation spectrometer. Gamma rays of 0.098, 0.127, 0.336, 0.410, 0.458, 0.907, 0.965, 1.587, 0.155, 0.220, 0.278, and 0.790 Mev are indicated, of which the last four are previously unreported. A double scintillation spectrometer is described which was used to investigate gamma-gamma coincidences. A decay scheme for ${\mathrm{Ac}}^{228}$ is suggested.
The Organization and Governance of Top Football Across Europe, H. Gammelsæter, B. Senaux (Eds.). Routledge, New York, NY, USA, and Abingdon, Oxon, UK (2011), 301 pp., ISBN: 978-0-415-88378-8

The book is a collection of various chapters discussing the development and governance of football in 15 countries/regions in Europe, including the Soviet Union/Russia and several eastern bloc coun...
Country Houses and the Distinctiveness of the Irish Imperial Experience

In Irish literature, when country houses are considered in the context of the British Empire, they have typically been interpreted as symbols of Ireland’s role as a subject colony that was ruled by an alien elite. The ‘Big House’ is seen as the progenitor of the economic oppression of the Irish peasantry and as the headquarters of British efforts to impose their culture on Ireland.1 This view, though often rendered in complex and elegant form, runs through literary treatments of Irish country houses, from Maria Edgeworth in the eighteenth century to Anthony Trollope in the nineteenth to Elizabeth Bowen in the twentieth. Irish historians, meanwhile, have tended to focus on the social and economic role of landed estates in Irish domestic context, with a particular emphasis on landlord–tenant relations and the ‘land question’.2 What has been less the subject of either literary depiction or scholarly examination, however, is the role of Irish country houses as the embodiments of Irish participation in empire overseas.
Portuguese or Portuñol? Language contact in Misiones, Argentina

In the extreme northeastern Argentine province of Misiones, vernacular Portuguese is the primary language of many rural communities, in bilingual contact with Spanish. The present study examines data from Misiones Portuguese and Spanish for evidence of morphosyntactic convergence in the absence of formal schooling in either language or sociolinguistic pressures to produce canonical varieties. Data from a corpus of vernacular Misiones Portuguese and the results of a speeded translation task reveal that even in this sociolinguistically permissive environment bilingual speakers maintain distinct morphosyntactic systems for Portuguese and Spanish (exemplified by nominal plural marking and first-person plural verbal inflection). The data also suggest that bilingual contact alone does not yield the degree of convergence required for the hybrid Portuguese-Spanish morphosyntaxis that has been reported, for example, in northern Uruguay.
Between the Disciplines: Accreditation Considerations for Stand-Alone Nonprofit Education Programs

Stand-alone nonprofit education programs are a relatively small yet growing and increasingly influential part of the higher education landscape. By their nature, they almost always represent a nonprofit and philanthropy–first orientation, attracting students who seek full degrees within their chosen field rather than within other disciplines. In this essay, I argue for an accreditation framework advanced by the Nonprofit Academic Centers Council (NACC), that is informed by the 2016 NACC Accreditation Summit and by a story of winemaking that has remarkable similarities to NACC’s foray into accreditation, each with a goal of acknowledging quality and legitimacy without regard for academic or geographic location, thus respecting insights from those who lead stand-alone programs.
The orthodontist’s role in the management of patients with cleft lip and palate undergoing alveolar bone grafting

Alveolar bone grafting (ABG) represents a major event in the treatment of patients with cleft lip and palate. ABG can provide stability to the maxillary arch thus preventing future collapse of the alveolar segments, provide adequate bone for the periodontal health and support of the teeth adjacent to the cleft, improve nasal esthetics by normalizing the piriform rim anatomy, allow for closure of nasolabial fistulas, and improve some speech parameters such as nasal air emission. It is critical for an orthodontist to understand the pertinent considerations surrounding ABG as well as how orthodontic treatment before and after the ABG can impact the overall result of the ABG. This review article provides historical background on ABG and reviews important considerations such as the timing of ABG, pregraft orthodontic treatment, the use of postoperative splints, and the evaluation of ABG results.
166 CHOLANGITIS: ANALYSIS OF ADMISSION PROGNOSTIC INDICATORS AND OUTCOME.

Background Acute cholangitis is a life-threatening complication of biliary obstruction that is exacerbated by delays in diagnosis and treatment. The use of effective antibiotics, combined with endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) with sphincterotomy, has resulted in significant improvements in morbidity and mortality over traditional surgical decompression. Since the introduction of ERC, few studies have addressed admission prognostic indicators for adverse outcome. Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze outcome and identify admission factors predictive of major complications and mortality in acute cholangitis. Methods A retrospective review of all patients with a discharge diagnosis of acute cholangitis from 1995 to 2005 was performed. Patient variables, including past medical history, presenting complaints, physical findings, vital signs, initial laboratory values, timing of antibiotics, and findings on ERC, were recorded. Primary end points were organ failure and death. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Results One hundred seventeen patients met criteria for acute cholangitis. The median age was 53 years, 62% were female, and 68% were Hispanic. Only 48 (41%) had Charcot9s triad and 3 (3%) had Reynold9s pentad. Blood cultures were positive in 87 (74%). One hundred four (89%) patients underwent biliary decompression, including ERC in 79 (76%), surgical decompression in 15 (14%), and transhepatic drainage in 10 (10%). There were 24 (21%) cases of organ failure and 9 (8%) deaths. On univariate analysis, timing of antibiotic administration, timing of ERC, history of renal insufficiency, history of cardiac disease, altered mental status, admission systolic blood pressure, temperature, albumin, creatinine, total bilirubin, and white blood cell count (WBC) were associated with an adverse outcome. On multivariate analysis of admission variables, only the admission WBC (OR = 1.3, p = .0003) was significant. When further stratifying admission WBC to a value greater than 20,000, the sensitivity, specificity, (+) and (−) predictive values were 50%, 92%, 63%, and 88%, respectively. Conclusion Acute cholangitis remains a disease associated with significant major morbidity and mortality. Less than half present with Charcot9s triad. The WBC is the most significant admission predictor of organ failure and death. Admission WBC ≥ 20,000 is a highly selective predictor of adverse outcome.
Neutrino burst-generated gravitational radiation from collapsing supermassive stars

We estimate the gravitational radiation signature of the electron/positron annihilation-driven neutrino burst accompanying the asymmetric collapse of an initially hydrostatic, radiation-dominated supermassive object suffering the Feynman-Chandrasekhar instability. An object with a mass $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{4}\text{ }\text{ }{M}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}l\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}Ml5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{5}\text{ }\text{ }{M}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}$, with primordial metallicity, is an optimal case with respect to the fraction of its rest mass emitted in neutrinos as it collapses to a black hole: lower initial mass objects will be subject to scattering-induced neutrino trapping and consequently lower efficiency in this mode of gravitational radiation generation, while higher masses will not get hot enough to radiate significant neutrino energy before producing a black hole. The optimal case collapse will radiate several percent of the star's rest mass in neutrinos and, with an assumed small asymmetry in temperature at peak neutrino production, produces a characteristic linear memory gravitational wave burst signature. The time scale for this signature, depending on redshift, is $\ensuremath{\sim}1\text{ }\text{ }$ to 10 s, optimal for proposed gravitational wave observatories like DECIGO. Using the response of that detector, and requiring a signal-to-noise ratio $\mathrm{SNR}g5$, we estimate that collapse of a $\ensuremath{\sim}5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{4}\text{ }\text{ }{M}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}$ supermassive star could produce a neutrino burst-generated gravitational radiation signature detectable to redshift $z\ensuremath{\lesssim}7$. With the envisioned ultimate DECIGO design sensitivity, we estimate that the linear memory signal from these events could be detectable with $\mathrm{SNR}g5$ to $z\ensuremath{\lesssim}13$.
Perforated jejunal diverticulitis in a nonagenarian veteran: A case report

Abstract Introduction Jejunal diverticular (JD) disease is an uncommon occurrence that frequently present as a diagnostic dilemma. The correct diagnosis from complications of JD is typically made at laparotomy. Most JD are asymptomatic. Of clinically significant small bowel diverticula, only 15% present with surgical problems including obstruction, gastrointestinal bleed, and perforation. Presentation of case A 90-year-old man presented to the hospital with abdominal pain. He was clinically stable with local tenderness in the left lower quadrant. Computed tomography demonstrated a dot of free air near the sigmoid and sigmoid diverticula. He continued to have pain and clinically deteriorated following a short period of observation. He underwent an exploratory laparotomy that revealed perforated JD. Conclusion Perforation from JD is exceedingly rare. Due to their infrequent clinical significance, complications from JD are difficult to diagnose and therapeutic options are typically made intraoperatively. Any deviation from the expected positive pathway in the management of a suspected entity should prompt an immediate reassessment as well as definitive therapeutic options.
Patient-Reported and Clinical Outcomes of Implant-Supported Fixed Complete Dental Prostheses: A Comparison of Metal-Acrylic, Milled Zirconia, and Retrievable Crown Prostheses.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the incidence of biologic and technical complications for implant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses (IFCDPs) and their relationship to oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) and patient-reported outcomes. Metal-acrylic (MA), retrievable crown (RC), monolithic zirconia (MZ), and porcelain veneered zirconia (PVZ) prostheses were included. Patients who received an IFCDP at least 1 year prior to recall were identified. Exclusion criteria were: (1) an opposing complete denture and (2) time in service >70 months. A total of 37 patients with 49 prostheses, including 22 MA, 14 RC, 7 MZ, and 6 PVZ prostheses were recalled. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed via OHIP-49 (Oral Health Impact Profile) and a scripted interview with open-ended questions. All designs had high complication rates (12 of 22 MA, 10 of 14 RC, 2 of 7 MZ, and 5 of 6 PVZ). The most common complications were: (1) MA: posterior tooth wear, (2) RC: chipping and fracturing of t...
Accidental Injection of Freund Complete Adjuvant With Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Accidental needlestick injuries are common in laboratory and health care workers. Injection of atypical pathogens, such as those encountered in the animal laboratory setting, may pose considerable problems at the site of inoculation. We present the case of an otherwise healthy laboratory worker who accidentally self-injected Freund complete adjuvant with heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis into her hand, requiring multiple debridement operations over a prolonged treatment course.
RARE DECAY MODES OF THE eta MESON.

The rare decay modes of the $\ensuremath{\eta}$ meson are considered. Since in these decays the electromagnetic interaction for the leptons is well known, this work is concentrated on the strong interactions acting at the $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ vertex. A model for the form factor of this vertex function is constructed. In this model the low-energy and the high-energy behavior of the form factor are separately considered. The Bjorken limit is applied to determined the asymptotic behavior of the form factor. Predictions on the branching ratios of both the Dalitz pair and the direct decay modes are given as functions of the various parameters involved. Further experiments are needed to determine these parameters. A discussion of the model is also presented.
Hilda Hilst, Metaphysician

Departing from Hilst’s documented interest in French vitalist philosopher Vladimir Jankelevitch, as well as her citational use of philosophers such as Bertrand Russell and Elias Canetti in her fictional texts, this chapter demonstrates that a responsible reading of Hilst’s “mystic” or “philosophical” literary activity reveals a deep, antiphilosophical commitment to vitalist and antirationalist modes of thought. The nexus between mathematics and poetry was more than just a plot device for Hilst’s novel With My Dog-Eyes and certain of her other fictional texts: it expressed Hilst’s belief in a transcendental gnostic unity that is at the heart of all metaphysics.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Kidney Cancer

Magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful and versatile tool for single-modality evaluation of potential renal malignancies. A well-planned and executed high-field MR imaging examination can simultaneously detect and characterize a renal neoplasm. Multiphasic post-contrast imaging can generate MRA/MRV/MRU data sets with which, after post-processing, the radiologist can characterize the renal vasculature and stage the tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging also has an important role to play in helping clinicians to select the proper therapy for a renal tumor and in evaluating the patient following therapy. Ongoing advances in MR imaging, including the development of new pulse sequences, the increased availability of whole-body 3-T scanners, and the growing practicality of parallel imaging techniques will likely expand the role of MR imaging in imaging patients with known or suspected renal malignancies.
Queer Representations in TYA

Gay and lesbian theatre proliferated in the nineteen nineties in the United States, yet theatre by and for young people remains largely unaffected by this phenomenon. In both theatre for young audiences (TYA) and high school theatre, plays including gay and lesbian characters or any mention of homosexuality are rare, reflecting the degree to which heteronormativity dominates the field. When homosexuality is represented in TYA it is often treated as a calamity, discreetly packaged in plays intended to teach lessons about tolerance. In the last decade, a small body of drama for young people has emerged that includes gay and lesbian characters characterized by a discourse of “troubled gay youth,” which limits representation to those who are victimized because of their sexuality. This negative discourse perpetuates the notion that “being gay” puts youth at risk for a plethora of problems by indicating that lesbian, gay, or queer youth will likely become either victims of self-hatred or victims of social hatred. However, queer plays that move beyond these heteronormative restrictions have developed in countries outside of the U.S. and are readily available for production.1
False positive indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) tests for antibody to herpes simplex virus 1. Comparison of four commercially available methods

Four commercially available herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) kits were compared with the use of sera selected because they were negative for HSV antibody by complement fixation (CF less than 1:8) and by ELISA (less than 1:100). However, 14 of 24 (58.3%) of these HSV-1 antibody-negative sera were positive at greater than or equal to 1:10 with the use of the HSV-1 IFA kit from Electronucleonics, 15 of 24 (62.5%) were positive with the Clinical Sciences HSV-1 IFA kit, 4 of 24 (16.7%) were positive with Zeus Scientific, and 4 of 18 (22.2%) were positive with the Gull Laboratories product. HSV-1 induces Fc receptors that commonly cause false positive IFA tests for HSV antibody. Therefore, further studies were undertaken to determine whether Fc receptors accounted for these false positive results. Staphylococcal protein A (SPA) is known to bind to the Fc portion of human IgG and therefore could be used to distinguish between the binding of an antibody by its Fab or its Fc portion. Thus, when fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated (FITC) SPA was used as conjugate instead of FITC antibody to human IgG, true HSV-1 antibody-containing sera remained positive, but the false positives identified in the commercial IFA kits did not. The authors conclude that HSV-1-induced Fc receptors are responsible for most of the problem of these false positives and that HSV-1 serology probably should not be done by this type of IFA method until this problem is corrected.