cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Safety and Patient Acceptability of Stellate Ganglion Blockade as a Treatment Adjunct for Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Quality Assurance Initiative

OBJECTIVE: To perform a quality assurance and performance improvement project through review of our single center data on the safety and patient acceptability of the stellate ganglion blockade (SGB) procedure for the relief of symptoms related to chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. BACKGROUND: Our interventional pain management service has been offering trials of SGB therapy to assist with the management of the sympathetically mediated anxiety and hyperarousal symptoms of severe and treatment-refractory combat-related PTSD. There have been multiple case series in the literature describing the potential impact of this procedure for PTSD symptom management as well as the safety of image-guided procedures. We wished to ensure that we were performing this procedure safely and that patients were tolerating and accepting of this adjunctive treatment option. METHODS: We conducted a review of our quality assurance and performance improvement data over the past 18 months during which we performed 250 stellate ganglion blocks for the management of PTSD symptoms to detect any potential complications or unanticipated side effects. We also analyzed responses from an anonymous patient de-identified survey collected regarding the comfort and satisfaction associated with the procedure. RESULTS: We did not identify any immediate post-procedural complications or delayed complications from any of the 250 procedures performed from November 2013 to April 2015. Of the 110 surveys that were returned and tabulated, 100% of the patients surveyed were overall satisfied with our process and with the procedure, 100% said they would recommend the procedure to a friend, and 95% stated that they would be willing to undergo as many repeat procedures as necessary based on little discomfort and tolerable side effects. CONCLUSION: Our quality assurance assessment suggests that in our center the SGB procedure for PTSD is a safe, well-tolerated, and acceptable treatment adjunct in the management of severe symptoms associated with chronic treatment-refractory PTSD. Patient satisfaction responses are strongly suggestive of high therapeutic value, and further studies are indicated to determine the effectiveness, duration of action, and optimal treatment regimen.
Analysis of higher order optical aberrations in the SLC final focus using Lie algebra techniques

The SLC final focus system is designed to have an overall demagnification of 30:1, with a /spl beta/ at the interaction point (/spl beta/*) of 5 mm, and an energy band pass of /spl sim/0.4%. Strong sextupole pairs are used to cancel the large chromaticity which accrues primarily from the final triplet. Third-order aberrations limit the performance of the system, the dominating terms being U/sub 1266/ and U/sub 3466/ terms (in the notation of K. Brown). Using Lie algebra techniques, it is possible to analytically calculate the size of these terms, in addition to understanding their origin. Analytical calculations (using Lie algebra packages developed in the Mathematica language) are presented of the bandwidth and minimum spot size as a function of divergence at the interaction point. Comparisons of the analytical results from the Lie algebra maps and the results from particle tracking (TURTLE) are also presented. >
Job-based health insurance, 1977-1998: the accidental system under scrutiny

This paper highlights changes in employer-based health insurance from 1977 to 1998, based on national household surveys conducted by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) in 1977, 1987, and 1996; and surveys of employers by the AHCPR in 1977, by the Health Insurance Association of America in 1988, and by KPMG Peat Marwick/Kaiser Family Foundation in 1998. During the study years, in 1998 dollars, the cost of job-based insurance increased 2.6-fold, and employees' contributions for coverage increased 3.5-fold. The percentage of nonelderly Americans covered by job-based insurance plummeted from 71 percent to 64 percent. This decline occurred exclusively among non-college-educated Americans. An information-based global economy is likely to produce not only greater future wealth but also greater inequalities in income and health benefits.
Quantifying Anthropogenic Carbon Inventory Changes in the Pacific Sector of the Southern Ocean

Abstract The Southern Ocean plays a major role in mediating the uptake, transport, and long-term storage of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) into the deep ocean. Examining the magnitude and spatial distribution of this oceanic carbon uptake is critical to understanding how the earth's carbon system will react to continued increases in this greenhouse gas. Here, we use the extended multiple linear regression technique to quantify the total and anthropogenic change in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) along the S04P and P16S CLIVAR/U.S. Global Ocean Carbon and Repeat Hydrography Program lines south of 67°S in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean between 1992 and 2011 using discrete bottle measurements from repeat occupations. Along the S04P section, which is located in the seasonal sea ice zone south of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the Pacific, the anthropogenic component of the DIC increase from 1992 to 2011 is mostly found in the Antarctic Surface Water (AASW, upper 100 m), while the increase in DIC below the mixed layer in the Circumpolar Deep Water can be primarily attributed to either a slowdown in circulation or decreased ventilation of deeper, high CO2 waters. In the AASW we calculate an anthropogenic increase in DIC of 12–18 μmol kg− 1 and an average storage rate of anthropogenic CO2 of 0.10 ± 0.02 mol m− 2 yr− 1 for this region compared to a global average of 0.5 ± 0.2 mol m− 2 yr− 1. In surface waters this anthropogenic CO2 uptake results in an average pH decrease of 0.0022 ± 0.0004 pH units yr− 1, a 0.47 ± 0.10% yr− 1 decrease in the saturation state of aragonite (ΩAragonite) and a 2.0 ± 0.7 m yr− 1 shoaling of the aragonite saturation horizons (calculated for the ΩAragonite = 1.3 contour).
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Yield of Endoscopy in Patients with Elevated INR and Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Abstract Background Gastrointestinal bleeding is a well-known risk of systemic anticoagulation. However, bleeding in the setting of supratherapeutic anticoagulation may have a milder natural history than unprovoked bleeding. It is a common clinical gestalt that endoscopy is common, but bleeding source identification or intervention is uncommon, yet few data exist to inform this clinical impression. Consequently, we sought to examine our institutional experience with gastrointestinal bleeding in the setting of supratherapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) with the aim of identifying predictors of endoscopically identifiable lesions, interventions, and outcomes. Methods A retrospective review was conducted at a tertiary referral academic medical center to identify patients presenting with gastrointestinal bleeding in the setting of warfarin and a supratherapeutic INR (>3.5) who underwent an endoscopic procedure. Relevant clinical covariates, endoscopic findings, need for intervention, and outcomes were collected by review of the medical record. Logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders identified predictors of endoscopically significant lesions as well as intervention and outcomes. Results A total of 134 patients with INR 3.5 or greater (mean 5.5, range 3.5-17.1) presented with symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding, most commonly as melena or symptomatic anemia. Antiplatelet agents were used by 54% of patients, and 60% of patients were on concomitant acid suppression on admission. Procedures included esophagogastroduodenoscopy (upper endoscopy; EGD) (n = 128), colonoscopy (n = 73), and video capsule endoscopy (n = 32). Active bleeding at first EGD or colonoscopy was found in only 19 patients (18%), with endoscopic intervention in only 26 patients (25%). At a critical threshold of INR 7.5 at presentation, the likelihood of finding an endoscopically significant lesion fell to Conclusion This study demonstrates that the relationship between INR elevation and identification of a bleeding source or endoscopic intervention at EGD are indeed antiparallel. Concomitant antiplatelet therapy increases the likelihood of bleeding source identification and intervention, as does EGD within 12 hours of presentation. However, regardless of source identification or endoscopic intervention, important clinical outcomes were unchanged, suggesting that decisions about endoscopy should be made on a case-by-case basis, particularly in patients with INR > 7.5. Future prospective studies on appropriate indications and timing of endoscopy in such patients are warranted.
Statement of the Problem

The lives of members of modern society are in large measure characterized by membership in, and dependence upon formal associations. It would be difficult to imagine a single aspect of behavior which is not deeply affected by the complex of industrial, religious, educational, and other social organizations which permeate contemporary communities (Johns, 1963, Lippit, Watson & Westley, 1958; Etzioni, 1961). Indeed, the growth of formal organizations has been represented as one of the dominant societal trends of our time (Kahn,Wolfe, Quinn, Snoek, & Rosenthal, 1964; Presthus, 1962).
The luteotrophic effects of estradiol and prolactin in the absence of LH in the hysterectomized, pseudopregnant rat.

The ability of estradiol and prolactin to substitute for LH as luteotrophins was investigated in Day 5 (Day 1 = ovulation)-hysterectomized pseudopregnant (PSP) rats. All animals received either a sc injection of oil, 1 pg estradiol (E-1), or 150 pg prolactin (PRL) on Day 9 in combination with either a normal horse serum (NHS) or LH antiserum (LHAS) injection. The ability of oil, E-1, or PRL to maintain luteal function was assessed by monitoring serum progesterone levels through Day 12 and their direct effects on the ovary monitored by measuring luteal and extra-luteal ovarian tissue concentrations of estradiol and progesterone on Day 12. NHS treatment in combination with either oil, E-1, or PRL main- tained elevated serum progesterone levels through Day 12 of PSP. LHAS/oil-treated rats underwent luteolysis while E-1 and PRL effectively maintained luteal function in LHAS- treated animals. PRL raised luteal and extraluteal ovarian estradiol concentrations com- pared to oil/NHS-treated controls and LHAS/oil-treated rats. E-1 induced an intraluteal rise in estradiol levels in LHAS-treated rats. While luteal progesterone concentrations fell fol- lowing oil/LHAS treatment, E-1 and PRL effectively counteracted this LHAS-induced fall. The results of these studies indicate that (i) E-1 and PRL can effectively replace LH as luteotrophins during PSP in the rat and (ii) that PRL and E-1 effectively maintain luteal levels of estradiol and progesterone following LH deprivation. It is suggested that E-1 and PRL may exert their luteotrophic actions by either an E-1-induced increase in PRL which, in turn, acts on the luteal cells to increase intraluteal estradiol concentrations, or by a direct effect of E on the corpus luteum to bypass the requirement for LH.
Electromagnetic Orientation System for Nanosatellite Navigation

1 Undergraduate, MAE Department, San Jose State University, MAE Department (AIAA Mailbox), San Jose, CA, 95192, AIAA Member 2 Undergraduate, MAE Department, San Jose State University, MAE Department (AIAA Mailbox), San Jose, CA, 95192, AIAA Member 3 Undegraduate, MAE Department, San Jose State University, MAE Department (AIAA Mailbox), San Jose, CA, 95192, AIAA Member 4 Undegraduate, MAE Department, San Jose State University, MAE Department (AIAA Mailbox), San Jose, CA, 95192, AIAA Member 5 Undergraduate, MAE Department, San Jose State University, MAE Department (AIAA Mailbox), San Jose, CA, 95192, AIAA Member 6 Senior Faculty, MAE Department, San Jose State University, MAE Department (AIAA Mailbox), San Jose, CA, 95192 , AIAA Member AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference 08 11 August 2011, Portland, Oregon AIAA 2011-6646
FLUSHING PATTERN OF NON-REACTIVE EFFLUENTS

In south central Louisiana non-reactive liquid effluents are introduced into man-made relatively straight prismatic canals which are comparatively narrow and have brackish watpr To study the flushing pattern of liquid effluents introduced into those canals (or eptuanes), a one-dimensional numerical model is considered for a simplified system consisting of a long straight gently sloping reach with a sinusoidal tidal variation at the mouth of the estuary, sinusoidal tidal v^iation with a phase lag and an attenuated amplitude at the upstream end, a variable inflow hydrograph, and a variable inflow or outflow. For this system, the continuity and momentum eauations are solved numerically by an explicit finite difference scheme. The output of the model describes the spatial and temporal variations in flow velocity (also in water depth and discharge) from which the flushing pattern is obtained for a liquid effluent introduced at any time during the tidal cycle at any section along the estuary. The numerical model is applied to Charenton drainage canal m south central Louisiana and good agreement is obtained between the velocities and stage elevations predicted from the model and recorded in the field. An IBIV 360/65 computer is utilized.
Toward precision medicine in Alzheimer's disease.

In Western societies, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and the sixth leading cause of death. In recent years, the concept of precision medicine, an approach for disease prevention and treatment that is personalized to an individual’s specific pattern of genetic variability, environment and lifestyle factors, has emerged. While for some diseases, in particular select cancers and a few monogenetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis, significant advances in precision medicine have been made over the past years, for most other diseases precision medicine is only in its beginning. To advance the application of precision medicine to a wider spectrum of disorders, governments around the world are starting to launch Precision Medicine Initiatives, major efforts to generate the extensive scientific knowledge needed to integrate the model of precision medicine into every day clinical practice. In this article we summarize the state of precision medicine in AD, review major obstacles in its development, and discuss its benefits in this highly prevalent, clinically and pathologically complex disease.
SiC Biosensing and Electrochemical Sensing: State of the Art and Perspectives

Abstract We present an extensive overview of SiC biomedical applications, focusing in particular on SiC-based electrochemical biosensors, a very promising field of recent developments and perspectives. The properties, performance, and potential role of SiC are discussed in comparison with the most successful and popular electrochemically active organic semiconductor, that is, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS), the most used in bioelectronics. To this end, the state of the art of SiC-based devices is first outlined, discussing the most advanced applications in medicine, diagnostics, and prosthetics. Then, electrochemical biosensors made of SiC as the active and sensing material are introduced and reviewed in detail. Because of the growing importance of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) in the organic bioelectronics arena, a whole section is dedicated to comparing the general features and performance of SiC and OECT sensors based on PEDOT:PSS. Finally, the last section is devoted to the perspective and viability of SiC-based ion-sensitive field effect transistors (ISFET) for the efficient and demanding application of ionic species sensing and offers suggestions on potential sensor architectures.
Influence of gas-feeding pipes on ramjet thrust measurement

The influence of pipeline structures and gas parameters varying such as temperature,pressure,velocity etc.on test bench thrust value was studied for ramjet directed-connecting ground testing under simulative flight condition.Thrust transmission characteristics were discussed under general Hooke's law connotation based on the dynamics model of thrust measurement system.The design principle and methods of pipes with bellow is analyzed.The stress,strain,displacement,modal of bellow are calculated by adopting finite element method considering gas parameters and bellow length varying.According to analysis conclusion and research experience,the key laws which affect thrust measurement are offered.Test results verified the correctness of analysis.
The Function of Municipal Monitoring Organization in the Evaluation System of Adverse Drug Reaction

By discussing the function of municipal monitoring organization in the evaluation system of adverse drug reaction(ADR),to promote the feedback of ADR monitoring information and strengthen the training of ADR monitoring knowledge,guide reporting units pay more attention to the new and serious ADR,so as to explore the model for analysis and appraisal of ADR cases and information feedback.
Net-phytoplankton community in the Tianjin nearshore waters of Bohai Bayin spring of 2012

Features of the phytoplankton community were studied based on the data of phytoplankton net samples collected from a grid of 20stations in the Tianjin nearshore waters of Bohai Bay in spring of 2012.A total of 2phyla including 17genera and 28species of phytoplankton were identified in the present study,in which 92.9%are diatoms and 7.1%are dinoflagellates.The main phytoplankton groups are eurythermal and neritic autochthonous species.The dominant species are Guinardia delicatula,Odontella sinensis,Ditylum brightwellii and Coscinodiscus granii.The horizontal patterns of phytoplankton cell abundance are controlled by that of diatoms.They are high in Tanggu,Dagang and Qikou of the Bohai Bay.The species at 20stations are grouped into five ecotypes according to the result of cluster analysis.The Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes range from 0.43to 3.59with an average of 2.15,with a decreasing trend from the north and south to the middle.The 4factors of temperature,DO,pH and inorganic nitrogen have the maximum ranking correlation coefficient with phytoplankton species composition and cell abundance distribution,and these 4 environmental factors are the best explanation for the community structure.
Proposing a new framework Including China on the crossroads of transitional justice and reconciliation

The Chinese experience following the Cultural Revolution (circa. 1966–1976) in adjusting from a period of great human suffering and civil chaos to one of relative normalcy deserves placement within the larger transitional justice literature. As an early example of conflict transformation and reconciliation that restored legitimacy to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) through not only substantive reforms, but also history revision, controlled outlets for communal venting, and the scapegoating of outgoing officials, the Chinese case challenges scholarly assumptions that competent transition policies must be rooted exclusively in truth and justice. This article thus concludes with a new approach for evaluating reconciliation processes that accounts for the disparate array of national experiences including, amongst others, Germany, Rwanda, South Africa, Guatemala, China, Ecuador, and Spain. Such modeling is necessary to press the transitional justice literature toward a more theoretically driven evaluation of...
Mesoporous Copper/Manganese Oxide Catalyzed Coupling of Alkynes: Evidence for Synergistic Cooperative Catalysis

Copper oxide supported on mesoporous manganese oxide (meso Cu/MnOx) was synthesized by an inverse micelle templated evaporation induced self-assembly procedure. Controlled aggregation of nanoparticles and a monomodal size distribution of mesopores with tunable structural properties were observed. The material possessed superior catalytic activity in the aerobic oxidative coupling of terminal alkynes. Excellent conversion (>99% in most cases) and selectivity were observed in both homocoupling and cross-coupling of alkynes using the optimized reaction conditions. Use of air as the sole oxidant, avoidance of any kind of additives, ease of product separation, great functional group tolerability, wide synthetic scope, and superior reusability (up to eighth cycle) are the notable features of our catalytic protocol. While the reaction mechanism was elucidated, a synergistic cooperative effect between the copper and manganese has been established, which is responsible for the superior catalytic activity. The labi...
The Pursuit of Influence

The underlying and fundamental fact which confronted those responsible for Britain’s postwar foreign policy was the country’s decline as a world power.1 Between 1945 and 1979, Britain’s share of the world’s trade, merchant shipping, overseas investments and gross product all shrank dramatically. Over the same period, the Empire, as any sort of cohesive force in international politics, disappeared, and Britain became dependent on the US for advanced military technology, most notably the delivery systems for its nuclear warheads. It is true that this process had begun long before 1945, but until the Second World War it had been possible for British governments to act in public as if it were not happening. It is also true that, even as Britain’s external decline accelerated after 1945, the country retained a highly developed industrial base and that its population of over 55 million people came to enjoy the highest standard of living in the history of the country. Even in the midst of this new prosperity, however, Britain’s ability to afford the level of armed forces and military equipment commensurate with its desired status as a world power continued to shrink relative to their spiralling costs.
Landscaping Practices, Community Perceptions, and Social Indicators for Stormwater Nonpoint Source Pollution Management

Abstract This study sought to assess the relationship between regulatory and educational approaches to nutrient management and homeowner behaviors, perceptions, and knowledge of best management practices (BMPs). Fertilizers, and pesticides applied in excess by homeowners and landscapers can impair stormwater ponds and cause nuisance algae blooms, eutrophication and fish kills. They can also affect water quality in downstream creeks, and bays. To reduce the potential for nutrient-laden runoff to the aquatic environment, local and state governments passed different regulatory mechanisms that govern the use of BMPs and a fertilizer black out period. Interviews, surveys, and participant observation were used to gather quantitative and qualitative data in order to establish social indicator scores and evaluate knowledge and attitudes surrounding the fertilizer ordinance in a Master Planned community in Manatee County Florida. Results showed that most residents (69%) had not seen any materials related to the blackout period and lacked awareness of the components of the ordinance, including its restrictions on phosphorous and nitrogen applications and disposal of grass and landscape debris. The findings reveal the importance of social dimensions in sustainable stormwater management and suggest target areas for increasing awareness of the fertilizer ordinance and strengthening the link between social norms and environmental stewardship.
Numerical Assessment of Secondary Electron Emission on the Performance of Rising-Sun Magnetrons With Axial Output

Particle-in-cell simulations are performed to analyze the role of secondary electron emission (SEE) on the efficiency, the output power and the leakage currents of 12-cavity, 12-cathode Rising-Sun magnetrons with diffraction output. The simulation results seem to indicate that the role of SEE would be fairly negligible. Small changes are predicted, linked to deviations in the starting trajectories of secondary electrons following their generation and the lower fraction of electrons in clusters with a synchronized rotational velocity. Overall, a peak power output of about 2.48 GW is predicted at a magnetic field of 0.45 T, with efficiencies as high as 75%. Furthermore, deviations in the output power with SEE are predicted to occur at shorter times, but would not be an issue for pulses greater than 25 ns in duration.
Adenomatous Colon Polyps in Diabetes: Increased Prevalence in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Association With Parathyroid Hormone

Previous studies have shown a higher prevalence of malignancy in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of adenomatous colon polyps (ACP) as they occur in subjects with DM and coexisting CKD. This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with DM (n=565) who had undergone colonoscopy between 2000-2010. The cohort was further bifurcated into those with CKD (n=296) and those with normal renal function (n=269). Presence or absence of ACP was measured in both groups. Concentrations of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), Calcium (Ca), and phosphorous (P) were recorded for the CKD group. The levels of these variables in patients with ACP (n=171) were compared with the levels from those without ACP (n=175). Nonparametric statistical methods were applied with statistical significance suggested by p<0.05 (two-sided). The presence of CKD in this cohort demonstrated a significant association with ACP (OR: 2.96; 95% CI: 2.02 to 4.34; p<0.0001). We did not detect a statistically significant difference in P or Ca between the groups. There was, however, a statistically significant difference in PTH; for the group with ACP, PTH: 387.7±351.3 ng/L vs. 172.2±196.7 ng/L; p<0.0001. This data suggests that CKD is associated with ACP in subjects with DM and those with ACP exhibit higher PTH levels when compared to those without ACP.
The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET): a High-Energy Astroparticle Physics Observatory on the International Space Station

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET): a High-Energy Astroparticle Physics Observatory on the International Space Station
Circadian Rhythms in AD Pathogenesis: a Critical Appraisal

A wide array of sleep and circadian deficits has been observed in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the vast majority of these studies have focused on later-stage AD and do not shed light on the possibility that circadian dysfunction contributes to AD pathogenesis. The goal of this review is to examine the evidence supporting or refuting the hypothesis that circadian dysfunction plays an important role in early AD pathogenesis or AD risk in humans. Few studies have addressed the role of the circadian system in very early AD or prior to AD diagnosis. AD appears to have a long presymptomatic phase during which pathology is present, but cognition remains normal. Studies evaluating circadian function in cognitively normal elderly or early-stage AD have thus far not incorporated AD biomarkers. Thus, the cause-and-effect relationship between circadian dysfunction and early-stage AD remains unclear. Circadian dysfunction becomes apparent in AD as dementia progresses, but it is unknown at which point in the pathogenic process rhythms begin to deteriorate. Further, it is unknown if exposure to circadian disruption in middle age increases AD risk later in life. This review addresses gaps in current knowledge on this topic and proposes several critical directions for future research which might help to clarify the potential pathogenic role of circadian clock dysfunction in AD.
Ectopic Fat and the Metabolic Syndrome

The ectopic fat theory has gained a significant body of supporting experimental data in the last few years. Yet, much investigational work remains to be done to precisely elucidate the mechanisms by which ectopic fat produce the downstream abnormalities of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and hypertension observed in the metabolic syndrome. Such knowledge is needed not just to further validate the ectopic fat theory, but also to facilitate the design of pharmacological agents that specifically target the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome. This is particularly critical because currently there is no commercially available pharmacological treatment that completely reverses the metabolic syndrome, and physicians must rely on multiple drugs to individually treat the multiple abnormalities seen in the metabolic syndrome, i.e., dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance. As a result, a significant proportion of the adult population with metabolic syndrome must currently rely on polypharmacy for treatment. In principle, it could be proposed that nonpharmacological treatment by means of weight loss and physical activity is all that is needed to contain the epidemics of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. However, on pragmatic terms, given the formidable challenges of attaining and then sustaining weight loss, there is a need for effective adjunctive pharmacological treatments for obesity and obesity-related insulin resistance.
Intrusion Detection with Unsupervised Heterogeneous Ensembles Using Cluster-Based Normalization

Outlier detection has been shown to be a promising machine learning technique for a diverse array of felds and problem areas. However, traditional, supervised outlier detection is not well suited for problems such as network intrusion detection, where proper labelled data is scarce. This has created a focus on extending these approaches to be unsupervised, removing the need for explicit labels, but at a cost of poorer performance compared to their supervised counterparts. Recent work has explored ways of making up for this, such as creating ensembles of diverse models, or even diverse learning algorithms, to jointly classify data. While using unsupervised, heterogeneous ensembles of learning algorithms has been proposed as a viable next step for research, the implications of how these ensembles are built and used has not been explored.
Analysis of steam explosions in plate-type, uranium-aluminum fuel test reactors

The concern over steam explosions in nuclear reactors can be traced to prompt critical nuclear excursions in aluminum-clad/fueled test reactors, as well as to explosive events in aluminum, pulp, and paper industries. The Reactor Safety Study prompted an extensive analytical and experimental effort for over a decade. This has led to significant improvements in their understanding of the steam explosion issue for commercial light water reactors. However, little progress has been made toward applying the lessons learned from this effort to the understanding and modeling of steam explosion phenomena in aluminum-clad/fueled research and test reactors. The purposes of this paper are to (a) provide a preliminary analysis of the destructive events in test reactors, based on current understandings of steam explosions; (b) provide a proposed approach for determining the likelihood of a steam explosion event under scenarios in which molten U-Al fuel drops into a water-filled cavity; and (c) present a benchmarking study conducted to estimate peak pressure pulse magnitudes.
Charcot-Leyden crystals: Pathology and diagnostic utility

Eosinophilia is associated with several diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The predominance of eosinophils in nasal tissue, secretions, and lavage fluid has been used as an aid in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. Charcot-Leyden crystals, considered to be a morphologic hallmark of eosinophil-related disease, are often also found in inflamed nasal tissue and paranasal sinus contents of patients with allergic rhinitis. These bipyramidal-shaped crystals are composed of the enzyme lysolecithin acylhydrolase, one of several eosinophilic proteins that damage respiratory epithelium and contribute to the pathology of allergy in the upper respiratory tract.
Catalan cartoons: a cultural and political history

Writing about humor is no laughing matter. Many key figures in the history of thought, such as Plato, Aristotle, Schopenhauer, Kant, Freud and Bergson, have devoted pages to humor. Nevertheless, sc...
HabEx: A high-precision pointing architecture using microthrusters and a fine steering mirror

This paper provides an overview of a feasible design architecture that satisfies the strict pointing requirements for the 2020 Astrophysics Decadal Survey Habitable Exoplanet Observatory (HabEx) Architecture A mission concept. Microthruster technology has matured significantly in recent years, with high specific impulse and low-level disturbance making microthrusters the prime candidate for high-precision pointing in upcoming space telescope missions. HabEx’s Architecture A concept utilizes microthrusters as the main actuators for the attitude control system pointing mode and a fine steering piezo-electric-operated mirror is utilized in the inner finepointing loop of the attitude control system. Sensing is undertaken using a high-resolution, low-noise focal-plane camera that can support high readout speeds (> 100 Hz), in addition to a state-of-the-art low-order wavefront sensor, which is currently under technology development for NASA’s Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST).
Mössbauer Spectroscopy in Heterogeneous Catalysis

A typical solid catalyst consists of 1–10 nm particles of the active components dispersed on a high-surface-area (~300 m2/g), relatively inert support. When one of the elements in the active component phase has a Mossbauer effect, a variety of catalytically important, and otherwise inaccessible, chemical properties of the catalyst can be measured. The detailed chemical information contained in the recoil free fraction, isomer shift, quadrupole splitting and magnetic dipole splitting derived from the Mossbauer spectrum can elucidate structure, bonding, composition and particle size of the active component phase. When particle size is small, a high fraction of the Mossbauer atoms are surface atoms, and their interactions with adsorbed gases make a strong contribution to the spectrum. The technique is illustrated by discussion of studies of supported iron, iron-exchanged zeolites, the ammonia synthesis catalyst and oxidation/ reduction catalysts. The emphasis is on the nature of catalytic problems susceptible to investigation by Mossbauer spectroscopy.
Southern Iowa Grazing and Forage Budgets for Beef Cows

Southern Iowa soils and topography are conducive to pasture and beef cattle. The ISU McNay Research Farm is located in this region.The McNay Research Farm has a beef cow herd used for research purposes. The cows and replacement heifers are grazed predominantly on improved cool-season grass pastures. There are approximately 300 spring-calving cows and 100 fall-calving cows. Grazing season is mid-April to mid-October or about 6 months (180 days).
Migraine, Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome, and Other Gastrointestinal Disorders

Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by episodic nausea and vomiting and is diagnosed using Rome IV criteria. CVS is being recognized more frequently in adults with a prevalence of 2%. It is associated with several functional disorders like autonomic dysfunction, anxiety, and depression, but the strongest association is with migraine. We will elucidate the close relationship between migraine and CVS and briefly discuss its association with other gastrointestinal disorders. We highlight similarities in pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and response to medications between CVS and migraine (tricyclic antidepressants, triptans, antiepileptics). We also discuss novel therapies like CGRP inhibitors which are effective in migraine and have potential for adaptation in patients with CVS. Using migraine as a template should enable investigators to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this disorder, develop novel therapies, and direct future research in CVS.
Remedies of the Infringer

This article addresses implied causes of action for indemnity and contribution under the federal patent, trademark and copyright laws, as well as UCC 2-312(3). It analyzes preemption of state law claims and additional issues.
Modelling and performance analysis of a tether and sail-based trajectory control system for extra-terrestrial scientific balloon missions

Abstract Balloon systems show great promise for exploring the atmospheres of extra-terrestrial bodies in the solar system. The balloon system concept was demonstrated by the aerostats aboard the Vega 1 and 2 missions sent to Venus. Such systems glean propulsion from atmospheric winds, and at present are unable to travel in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the wind, limiting their exploration potential. A control system capable of modifying the system trajectory by traveling in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the wind is desired to increase exploration potential as well as to perform tasks such as maintaining latitude. A balloon and sail system which can use wind velocity and density gradients to produce a guiding force perpendicular to the velocity of the wind is discussed here. Such a guidance system is passive in nature and requires little power for actuation and control. It was previously demonstrated that such a control system is capable of generating guiding velocities of several meters per second within the Venusian atmosphere. Furthermore, this control system was shown to be capable of achieving sufficient control for the majority of the latitudes on Venus. This work builds on previous results and demonstrates the benefits of being able to generate guiding velocities via a sail system by viewing the trajectories taken by planetary balloon systems employing such a system. First, a description of the system model is given. Next, for the atmospheres of Venus and Titan, trajectory control is demonstrated for various sail parameters, such as sail size and mass. The benefit of such control is shown by the ability to achieve various latitudes of interest for a given flight duration. These latitudes are chosen based on geographic features, such as lakes on Titan. Finally, a PI controller is added to the model to demonstrate rudimentary control of the balloon system for maintaining and changing latitudes. A brief discussion regarding the control law of the system is also provided.
REVERSIBLE LEFT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION ASSOCIATED WITH SPONTANEOUS CORONARY ARTERY DISSECTION

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of acute coronary syndrome. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of recovery of left ventricular (LV) systolic function after SCAD. This study included 92 patients enrolled in the MGH SCAD Registry
Spectral and modal analysis of the flow in a helical coil steam generator experiment with large eddy simulation

Abstract This paper presents an analysis of flow in the shell side of a 24-degree cut helical coil steam generator (HCSG) with large eddy simulation (LES). In the study, the open source, high-order spectral element CFD code Nek5000 was employed for numerical simulation. LES was performed at a Reynolds number of 9000 based on the inlet velocity and tube diameter. Spectral analysis was carried out along the tube bundle to investigate vortex shedding and to reveal shedding frequencies in HCSGs. Wavelet analysis was carried out to determine the time-frequency information of the fluctuating velocities in the domain. Flow was decomposed into modes with proper orthogonal decomposition, which revealed coherent structures in the flow and evolution of coherent structures in time. For the validation of Nek5000 in complex geometries, results from the numerical simulation were compared with experiments conducted at Texas A&M University. Overall, the LES results showed good agreement with experimental data.
Simulating a Pacific Village in the Classroom: Embodied Learning for Enhanced Student Engagement

In recent years, many universities have increased focus and attention on innovative pedagogies aimed at increasing student engagement and retention and facilitating unorthodox learning strategies. ...
Expression of the Carboxy-Terminal Portion of MUC16/CA125 Induces Transformation and Tumor Invasion.

The CA125 antigen is found in the serum of many patients with serous ovarian cancer and has been widely used as a disease marker. CA125 has been shown to be an independent factor for clinical outcome in this disease. In The Cancer Genome Atlas ovarian cancer project, MUC16 expression levels are frequently increased, and the highest levels of MUC16 expression are linked to a significantly worse survival. To examine the biologic effect of the proximal portion of MUC16/CA125, NIH/3T3 (3T3) fibroblast cell lines were stably transfected with the carboxy elements of MUC16. As few as 114 amino acids from the carboxy-terminal portion of MUC16 were sufficient to increase soft agar growth, promote matrigel invasion, and increase the rate of tumor growth in athymic nude mice. Transformation with carboxy elements of MUC16 was associated with activation of the AKT and ERK pathways. MUC16 transformation was associated with up-regulation of a number of metastases and invasion gene transcripts, including IL-1β, MMP2, and MMP9. All observed oncogenic changes were exclusively dependent on the extracellular “ectodomain” of MUC16. The biologic impact of MUC16 was also explored through the creation of a transgenic mouse model expressing 354 amino acids of the carboxy-terminal portion of MUC16 (MUC16c354). Under a CMV, early enhancer plus chicken β actin promoter (CAG) MUC16c354 was well expressed in many organs, including the brain, colon, heart, kidney, liver, lung, ovary, and spleen. MUC16c354 transgenic animals appear to be viable, fertile, and have a normal lifespan. However, when crossed with p53-deficient mice, the MUC16c354:p53+/- progeny displayed a higher frequency of spontaneous tumor development compared to p53+/- mice alone. We conclude that the carboxy-terminal portion of the MUC16/CA125 protein is oncogenic in NIH/3T3 cells, increases invasive tumor properties, activates the AKT and ERK pathways, and contributes to the biologic properties of ovarian cancer.
Weaving a Second Skin: Exploring Opportunities for Crafting On-Skin Interfaces Through Weaving

Weaving as a craft possesses the structural, textural, aesthetic, and cultural expressiveness for creating a diversity of soft, wearable forms that are capable of technological integration. In this paper, we extend the woven practice for crafting on-skin interfaces, exploring the potential to "weave a second skin." Weaving incorporates circuitry in the textile structure, which, when extended to on-skin interface fabrication, allows for electrical connections between layers while maintaining a slim form. Weaving also supports multi-materials integration in the structure itself, offering richer materiality for on-skin devices. We present the results of extensive design experiments that form a design space for adapting weaving for on-skin interface fabrication. We introduce a fabrication approach leveraging the skin-friendly material of PVA, which enables on-skin adherence, and a series of case studies illustrating the functional and design potential of the approach. To understand the feasibility of on-skin wear, we conducted a user study on device wearability. To understand the expressiveness of the design space, we conducted a workshop study in which textiles practitioners created woven on-skin interfaces. We draw insights from this to understand the potential of adapting weaving for crafting on-skin interfaces.
A Lewisian Way of Leading

A philosophy of leadership from Lewis’ fiction is a way of leading. A Lewisian way of leading is presented as seeing one’s context as a battleground of beauty. Beauty is to be found in the givenness of the leader’s context, yet the leader’s context is also a place of battle. Leaders can influence, but also can be influenced. As a result, a philosophy of leadership considers four themes that fit this context: courage, communication, comedy, and company. A philosophy of leadership values courage as faithfulness; practices honest, clear, humble, and personal communication; values humor and has a conviction of hope; and sees leadership as a team endeavor, valuing unique, individual contribution. These themes combine to form within the leader a conviction that all is gift.
Connecting and Communicating with the Customer: Advertising Research for the Hospitality Industry

Research on the advertising of services emerged after Lovelock (1981, 1983) and Zeithaml, Parasuraman, and Berry (1985) published seminal articles on services marketing that distinguished between g...
The quest for efficient oxygenated fuels: Examining interactions between lubricant components and oxygenates

Abstract This work empirically evaluated oxygenated blendstock - lubricant compatibility using a novel but simple method. The reactivity or compatibility was evaluated via gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) before and after heating for 2 h at 150 °C, which would roughly mimic conditions encountered in the crankcase of a Spark Ignition (SI) or Compression-Ignition (CI) engine. Although 150 °C does not mimic combustion chamber temperatures, it may provide an insight of potential in-cylinder interactions. Five oxygenate blendstocks spanning several functional groups and chain lengths (prenol, isoprenol, butyl acetate, isohexanol, polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers) were evaluated in a base fuel with nine variations of lubricant components of controlled concentrations, including fully formulated commercial lubricants. Baseline comparative examples were also generated, to decouple the effect of the oxygenate on the mixture, by heating only the base fuel with the lubricant component. Results demonstrate the relative compatibility between noted lubricants and oxygenates in base fuel upon heating. This was illustrated by minimal to no changes in the GC-FID traces. However, reactions of several of the chosen lubricants, especially Molybdenum di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphorodithioate (Molyvan L) and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP), with prenol and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers blendstocks showed substantial side reactions compared to corresponding baseline examples. Control experiments without oxygenates but comprising the same lubricant components showed no change in the mixture with heating. We concluded the reactivity is due to the oxygenate and not the components of the base fuel. This preliminary work is valuable in establishing trends as well as providing useful information when a new component is introduced in the fuel.
Effect of FR Security Purchases and M1 on Stock, Bond, and Mortgage Markets

This chapter examines the effect of FR security purchases on stock and credit market prices and always finds a strong positive relationship with bond market prices, but never with stock market prices except for the enormous increase in FR security purchases during the QE years.
Developing a Low Budget System to Mix, Store, and Deliver CO2-rich Air for Human Research in the Small Liberal Arts College Setting”

Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels are elevated on the International Space Station, and preliminary reports associate this increased CO 2 with headaches, changes in vision, and enhanced emotional experiences, including anxiety. As the duration of space travel extends, improved understanding of the physiologic effects of elevated CO 2 exposure is necessary to ensure the capabilities and safety of astronauts. However, studying human breathing has proven difficult at small liberal arts college due to cost and laboratory space constraints. Therefore, the goal of this project is to develop and validate a low budget system that can accurately and dependably mix, store, and deliver enhanced respiratory gases for human research in a liberal arts college setting. Our results provide user-friendly guidelines for building, validating, and maintaining such a system, and broad implementation of this system may increase the quantity and diversity of respiratory research relevant for space travel.