cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Involvement of the opsonic system in starvation induced depression of the reticuloendothelial system.

SummaryFood deprivation was found to significantly impair the functional activity of the reticuloendothelial system as evaluated by the vascular clearance of the gelatinized “RE test lipid emulsion.” Depression was associated with an impairment in hepatic phagocytosis and an increased lung uptake. Opsonization of the gelatinized “RE test lipid emulsion” prior to injection completely eliminated the RE depression observed during the starved state. Determinations of the relative opsonic activities of sera from normal and starved rats suggested that the RE depression induced by starvation is mediated by a derangement in opsonic activity. Opsonin depression and subsequent impairment in RE phagocytosis due to a failure in the “recognition” mechanism may be the basis for the lower resistance to infection during profound malnutrition.
POESIA DOMUS MUNDI IN UGO BETTI

La critica ha tradizionalmente relegato il Betti lirico a una posizione secondaria, sia nei confronti della poesia contemporanea che in quella della sua produzione teatrale. Poche le eccezioni, tra cui Attilio Momigliano e, di recente, Luigi Fontanella e Alfredo Luzi. Nel saggio si valuta il ruolo autonomo dell'attivita poetica dell'autore di Camerino, a partire dalle liriche composte durante i mesi di prigionia a Cellelager (1917–18) fino al canto-testamento che chiude La fuggitiva (1952–53). Si mira a rivalutare l'identita poetica di Ugo Betti, approfondendo il rapporto tra l'universo tematico e le forme generative dei testi, cioe la ricerca attenta della stilizzazione. Sul piano morale, la poesia bettiana esprime l'incertezza dei tempi, la sofferenza dell'uomo, quanto l'autore ebbe a chiamare “questa pericolosa liberta nella partenza e questa misteriosa necessita, fatalita nell'arrivo… dal cui segreto attrito nasce la persuasivita dell'arte”.
Exploring rape culture in social media forums

Current research has yet to examine the phenomenon of rape culture, particularly within social media forums. The present study investigated the attitudes about rape, rapists, and gender-based violence within the comments section of newspaper articles reporting about rape and sexual assault. Naturalistic observation was used in order to gather statements within the comment sections following newspaper articles posted on either the periodical website or the periodical's Facebook page. Four themes and various sub-themes emerged from the data. The major themes include, Victim Blaming and Questioning, Survivor Support, Perpetrator Support, and Trolling Statements about Law and Society. Notable findings were found in the amount of victim blaming statements made in the comments responding to articles (25.8 percent) and perpetrator support comments were found responding to every article collected, except for one. The authors discuss the implications of rape culture within and outside social media and suggest future research to be conducted to further understand the impacts of rape culture within the online sphere. Examined comment threads in periodical articles.Explored presence of rape culture within 4239 comments.Study found that the most prominent theme to be "victim blaming".More victim blaming was found when the accused perpetrators were in pop culture.More perpetrator support was found when accused assailants were in pop culture.
The Nature and Causes of Economic Growth, 1850–1913

From just after 1815 until the First World War, the countries of western Europe experienced unprecedented changes in their economies that both contributed to and reflected their industrialization, which also occurred in this period. By 1914, with the exception of Spain, southern Italy and parts of the Balkans, the entire Continent was experiencing what Kuznets calls ‘modern economic growth’ — that is, ‘a sustained increase in per capita or per worker product’ (Kuznets, 1966, p. 1). It is one of the fundamental propositions of this volume that the arrival of modern economic growth in each of these countries within a generation or so of one another is not coincidental. In fact, the economic agents in each country conducted real and financial transactions that built unbreakable economic ties that benefited most economic groups. The resulting integration was driven by trade, real capital flows, migration, technology transfers and the growth of the international financial community, just as it is in the mid-1990s.
Nonperturbative bounds on in cutoff ( lambda phin)d field theory.

Stochastic quantization is used to obtain upper and lower bounds on the vacuum expectation value of phi/sup n/ in a cutoff lambdaphi/sup n/ scalar theory in d dimensions. These determine the behavior of as the cutoff is removed. The results are given by formulas which depend on whether the values of n and d define a perturbatively superrenormalizable, strictly renormalizable, or nonrenormalizable theory.
Growth and Survival of Salmonella montevideo on Tomatoes and Disinfection with Chlorinated Water.

The survival on tomato fruits (Lycopersicum esculentum) of a rifampicin-resistant strain of Salmonella montevideo (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] isolate G4639), the alleged sourc...
HppCnn: A High-Performance, Portable Deep-Learning Library for GPGPUs

The massively parallel computation capability has made GPGPUs a promising platform for convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In this paper, we present HppCnn, a CNN library achieves both the high performance and portability on GPGPUs. In HppCnn, we propose a novel three-step approach to implement convolutional kernels using Nvidia cuBLAS efficiently. To overcome limitations of our three-step approach, we improve cuBLAS by enabling nested parallelism, and implement a low-cost auto-tuning module to leveraging existing libraries in the runtime. The experiments show HppCnn achieves significant speedups over both other cuBLAS-based and hand-optimized solutions. The results also show our solution delivers near-optimal performance on GPUs with the portability.
Atrial fibrillation: Are we treating the right disease?

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, associated with a five- to six-fold increase in the incidence of stroke due almost exclusively to embolization of thrombus formed in the left atrial appendage. Whereas epidemiological data links AF to increased mortality, recent clinical trials show no improvement in outcomes with strategies designed to maintain sinus rhythm. One possible explanation for this AF paradox is that AF is a manifestation of an underlying disease process that is not addressed by current treatment strategies. Several lines of evidence suggest that oxidant stress may contribute to the atrial remodeling and the hypercoagulable state associated with AF. These alterations involve an increase in reactive oxygen species and a concomitant decrease in the bioavailability of nitric oxide. Recently, we observed this situation in the left atrial appendage. Increased oxidant stress may be central to the perpetuation of AF, and failure to address this underlying pathology may explain the lack of efficacy seen in clinical trials.
Clinical Predictors of Attention and Executive Functioning Outcomes in Children After Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke.

Abstract Background Children with perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) are at risk for later neurocognitive and behavioral deficits, yet the clinical predictors of these outcomes are understudied. We examined the influence of clinical and infarct characteristics on attention and executive functioning in children following PAIS. Methods Forty children born at term (≥37 weeks' gestation) with PAIS (28 with neonatal arterial ischemic stroke and 12 with presumed PAIS) underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological battery at age three to 16 years (median age 7.2 years; 58% male) to assess attention and executive functioning. Parents also completed questionnaires regarding real-world functioning. Clinical variables including perinatal stroke subtype, infarct characteristics (location, laterality, and volume), and the presence of comorbid epilepsy were ascertained from the medical record. Results Presumed PAIS, larger infarct volume, and comorbid epilepsy negatively influenced the performance on attention and executive functioning measures. These clinical variables were also associated with greater functional problems on parent reports, including a higher frequency of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and greater difficulties in some subdomains of executive functioning. Infarct location and laterality were not associated with performance measures or parental report of functioning. Conclusion Although all children with PAIS are at risk for later deficits in attention and executive functioning, those with presumed PAIS, larger infarct size, and comorbid epilepsy appear to be the most vulnerable. As they approach and reach school age, these children should undergo neuropsychological assessment to ensure timely implementation of therapeutic interventions and behavioral strategies.
Abstract 384: Leucine, Serine and Methionine Differentially Affect Protein Synthesis in Rat Heart

Alternating flux through metabolic pathways enables the heart to rapidly adapt to stress. As a consequence, compensatory mechanisms are often associated with changes in mitochondrial function and c...
Scheduling internal medicine resident rotations to ensure fairness and facilitate continuity of care

Completing a residency program is a requirement for medical students before they can practice medicine independently. Residency programs in internal medicine must undergo a series of supervised rotations in elective, inpatient, and ambulatory units. Typically, a team of chief residents is charged to develop a yearly rotational schedule. This process is complex, as it needs to consider academic, managerial, regulatory, and legal restrictions while also facilitating the provision of patient care, ensuring a diverse educational experience, balancing the workload, and improving resident satisfaction. This study proposes (1) a multi-stage multi-objective optimization approach for generating yearlong weekly resident rotation schedules and (2) the use of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to compare schedules across multiple criteria to select those that are more equitable and hence to facilitate their adoption and implementation. Furthermore, the proposed approach allows the scheduling of periodic clinic rotation schemes that are commonly used to facilitate continuity of care, such as "4+1" or the "8+2" policies. In the "4+1" policy residents rotate for four consecutive weeks in different units prior to return for a week to a predetermined clinical post. Similarly, in the "8+2" policy, residents rotate eight weeks across multiple units before doing a two week rotation at a predetermined clinic.
Dynamics of the Expectation and Risk Premium in the OIS Term Structure

The financial industry uses OIS as market expectations of the average overnight rates, but standard term structure models that ignore FOMC meeting schedules explain the short-term OIS curve by risk premiums. We build a database to track the public information on FOMC schedules and introduce models to incorporate the information. Our models explain the OIS curve by expectations and show that the OIS curve inversion before the financial crisis reflects the expectation of the Fed's rate cuts. We present evidence that the Fed was behind the market expectation before the crisis but moved ahead of the expectation during the crisis.
Fostering Research Integrity.

Research integrity emerged as an important matter of public concern in the United States in the 1980s, when Al Gore Jr., Ted Weiss, and John Dingle led Congressional hearings on fraud and conflict ...
Plasticity of Retinotopic Maps in Visual Cortex of Cats and Monkeys After Lesions of the Retina or Primary Visual Cortex

The visual systems of mammals, like the somatosensory and auditory systems, consist of a hierarchy of nuclei and cortical areas that represent receptor surfaces in topographic patterns (Felleman and Van Essen, 1991; Bullier, 2004; Rosa and Tweedale, 2004). The question raised here is what happens to the pattern of representation when part of the activating inputs to one of these levels has been removed. The basic answer for all of these sensoryperceptual systems is that the deprived zones of neurons usually do not remain unresponsive to sensory stimuli. Instead, they recover responsiveness to remaining inputs that always activated other pools of neurons, but were previously ineffective sources of activation for the pool of neurons that became deprived (Kaas and Florence, 2001). The visual system is especially interesting in this regard, because neurons across binocular positions of visual cortex are responsive to two receptor surfaces, the visually matched positions of the retina of each eye. Thus, it is possible to totally deprive parts of the cortical representation of normal sources of visual activation, or deprive these parts of the sources of activation from only one eye. Both types of deprivation, as well as deprivations of higher visual centers by small lesions of primary visual cortex, reveal cryptic features of visual system organization, as well as the capacity of deprived neurons to acquire new sources of activation. This capacity of the visual system to reorganize appears to extend throughout life, and suggests that the apparent stability of this system under normal conditions is the consequence of a counter-balancing of factors that could cause change.
Identification and Treatment of Fistulas and Chronic Cavities

Acute gastrointestinal leak following bariatric surgery is a severe complication, associated with a significant morbidity and mortality. While many centers are increasingly experienced in managing these acute leaks, when these techniques fail, fistulous connections form between the gastrointestinal tract and numerous other organs and structures. Moreover, the presence of foreign bodies, such as reinforcing silicone rings, and marginal ulceration can result in fistulous connections months or years after bariatric surgery. Endoscopic evaluation is critical in delineation of the anatomy and fistula. Management of these fistulae can be complex and involve multiple modes of therapy, repeat interventions, and a multidisciplinary team of providers. Fortunately endoscopic therapy is possible in many cases. When effectively utilized, endoscopy may avoid major operations and its attendant morbidity and mortality, or serve as a temporizing measure, allowing resolution of sepsis and augmentation of nutritional status prior to definitive operative intervention. Successful endoscopic management is based on both familiarity and facility with a spectrum of endoscopic techniques and technologies, including effective use of enteral stents, thermal technology, and various clips, glues or sealants, staplers, and suturing devices, among others. This chapter will review endoscopic techniques for various types of fistulae reported after bariatric operations.
Sanctioning Legal Organizations Under the New Federal Civil Rule 11: Radical Changes Loosen More Unforeseeable Forces

Prompted by their perception that significant civil litigation misconduct involving frivolous papers was occurring in federal trial courts, the federal judicial rulemakers first effected a major overhaul of Rule 11 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in 1983. The changes in the rule, which had remained unamended since 1938, greatly expanded the circumstances under which sanctions for frivolous papers might be imposed. The changes led to a "cottage industry of routine sanctions motions" for litigators and to "a cottage industry of writing about Rule 11" for academicians. One distinguished observer noted that the rulemakers had undertaken "radical changes in direction" that loosened unforeseen forces. Rule 11 was again overhauled in 1993. These amendments, founded on both anecdotal and empirical evidence about the 1983 Rule, dampened the cottage industries. But new industries emerged, as once more the civil rulemakers undertook radical changes with unforeseen consequences. One such change involved new institutional responsibilities for legal organizations, including private law firms, in-house corporate legal departments, and public offices housing such officials as attorneys general or agency commissioners. This article examines the new loosened forces, arguing that the 1993 Rule provides unprecedented opportunities for effective judicial oversight of the litigation practices of legal organizations extending beyond any oversight that might be undertaken in disciplinary or tort settings
Construction and Classification of Irreducible Harish—Chandra Modules

Typically, irreducible Harish-Chandra modules are constructed not directly, but as unique irreducible submodules, or unique irreducible quotients, of so-called standard modules. As in some other contexts, standard modules are obtained by cohomological constructions which tend to be “easy” on the level of Euler characteristic. For certain values of the parameters in these constructions, there is a vanishing theorem; standard modules arise when the vanishing theorem applies.
Prenatal-onset neurodevelopmental disorders secondary to toxins, nutritional deficiencies, and maternal illness

Neurodevelopmental disorders result from an inordinate number of genetic and environmental causes during the embryological and fetal periods of life. In the clinical setting, deciphering precise etiological diagnoses is often difficult. Newer screening technologies allow a gradual shift from traditional nature-versus-nurture debates toward the focused analysis of gene-by-environment interactions (G X E). Further understanding of developmental adaptation and plasticity requires consideration of epigenetic processes such as maternal nutritional status, environmental toxins, maternal illnesses, as well as genetic determinants, alone or in combination. Appreciation of specific G X E mechanisms of neurodevelopmental pathogenesis should lead to better risk-modifying or preventive strategies. We provide a brief overview of clinical and experimental observations that link prenatal-onset toxic exposures, metabolic disturbances, and maternal illnesses to certain neurodevelopmental disorders.
Lateral Movements of Vadose Water in Layered Soils

Abstract Since groundwater contamination is becoming recognized as a serious problem both in the United States and abroad, and since the contamination processes involve the vadose zone below the soil surface, the question on whether Infiltration may occur in directions other than vertical acquires a place of utmost importance. In this paper it is shown that, under particular conditions, which are chosen so as to emphasize the importance of the problem, lateral Infiltration occurs and it can be more predominant than vertical Infiltration.
Effects of Substance P on Blood Flow of the Dental Pulp in Dogs

Substance P (SP) is a known potent vasodilator (1, 2, 3). Olgart and his coworkers found SP-like immunoreactivity (SPLI) in nerves of the cat pulp suggesting the presence of SP (4). In addition, Gazelius and Olgart (5) demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve in cats caused a rapid increase in pulp blood flow which was followed by a prolonged reduction in pulp blood flow. The increase is thought to be mediated by SP released at the pulpal sensory nerve endings (6). However, administration of synthetic SP failed to increase pulp blood flow in cats; only when the vascular tone was elevated by electrical stimulation of the sympathetic nerve did the SP administration cause a pulp blood flow increase (5).
Al’bert Baiburin. Sovetskii pasport: Istoriia, struktura, praktiki. Saint Petersburg: Izdatel’stvo Evropeiskogo Universiteta v Sankt-Peterburge, 2017

“The Soviet passport,” reads the blurb on the back cover of this original and valuable new book, “is not only a document. The fate of a person, the trajectory of his/her life depended on its presence or lack thereof and on what information it contained.” Despite its exceptional significance as the quintessential “super” document of Soviet power, scholars have devoted remarkably little attention to understanding the passport’s role in historical time. Taking a panoramic view and exploiting a wide array of sources, Al’bert Baiburin of the European University at St. Petersburg, a prolific author of works of ethnography, anthropology, and history and editor-in-chief of Anthropological Forum (Antropologicheskii forum), published in the Russian capital of the north, has produced a remarkably comprehensive book on the Soviet passport and the system surrounding it, which may well be the most multifaceted work on the subject to date. It is an essential starting point for anyone interested in the topic. DOI: 10.25285/2078-1938-2019-11-1-182-185
A general method for the synthesis of N-protected α-aminoalkylphosphinic acids

Abstract A general and highly convenient method for the synthesis of N -protected α-aminophosphinic acids, suitable for side chain elongation either from N -, P -, or C - termini to form a variety of phosphinic peptides, has been developed. The desired phosphinic acids were obtained in moderate to satisfactory yield by a three-component condensation reaction of benzyl carbamate, an aldehyde, and an alkylphosphonous acid (or its 1-adamantanamine salt) in acetyl chloride under very mild conditions.
Heat Shock Proteins in Cancer Immunotherapy

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved molecular chaperones with divergent roles in various cellular processes. The HSPs are classified according to their molecular size as HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90. The HSPs prevent nonspecific cellular aggregation of proteins by maintaining their native folding energetics. The disruption of this vital cellular process, driven by the aberrant expression of HSPs, is implicated in the progression of several different carcinomas. Many HSPs are also actively involved in promoting the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells, contributing to their metastatic phenotype. Upregulation of these HSPs is associated with the poor outcome of anticancer therapy in clinical settings. On the other hand, these highly expressed HSPs may be exploited as viable immunotherapeutic targets for different types of cancers. This review discusses recent advances and perspectives on the research of HSP-based cancer immunotherapy.
The Ethics of Uterus Transplantation: Moral Challenges and Recommendations for Progress

Uterus transplants, a form of vascularized composite allograft, have so far, up until January 2019, resulted in eight successful live births in Sweden and additionally two births in the USA, one birth in Brazil, one birth in Serbia/Italy, one birth in India, and one birth in China. Moreover, there are several ongoing pregnancies with expected deliveries in 2019. In the USA, initial attempts resulted in failures. One case in Cleveland and three out of four transplants in Dallas resulted in uterus removal due to complications. The ethical concerns regarding whether the pursuit of a pregnancy justifies the risks involved with the surgery must now be updated to acknowledge the successes and failures of these first attempts. Similarly, concerns regarding how the practice should ethically be pursued must now be characterized. These include how to ensure adequate qualifications of transplant teams, designing research trials and patient selection criteria to protect recipients, selecting informed and voluntarily consenting living and cadaveric donors, defining adequate metrics for a “successful” uterine transplant, ensuring a strategy for managing failure, and ensuring equal access for potential recipients.
Gopal’s Mesosystem: Asian Indian Culture and American Dualities

AbstractDiasporic children from diverse backgrounds whose parents are from another country are provided with out-of-school cultural and performing arts activities to learn to deepen their understan...
Loss of the transcription factor MAFB limits β-cell derivation from human PSCs

Next generation sequencing studies have highlighted discrepancies in β-cells which exist between mice and men. Numerous reports have identified MAF BZIP Transcription Factor B (MAFB) to be present in human β-cells postnatally, while its expression is restricted to embryonic and neo-natal β-cells in mice. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, coupled with endocrine cell differentiation strategies, we dissect the contribution of MAFB to β-cell development and function specifically in humans. Here we report that MAFB knockout hPSCs have normal pancreatic differentiation capacity up to the progenitor stage, but favor somatostatin- and pancreatic polypeptide-positive cells at the expense of insulin- and glucagon-producing cells during endocrine cell development. Our results describe a requirement for MAFB late in the human pancreatic developmental program and identify it as a distinguishing transcription factor within islet cell subtype specification. We propose that hPSCs represent a powerful tool to model human pancreatic endocrine development and associated disease pathophysiology.
Frequency of overtime and consecutive games and their impact on injury rate in the National Hockey League (NHL).

Ice hockey is a high-intensity contact sport that places athletes at an elevated risk for injury relative to other sports. The purpose of the current study was to analyze factors contributing to fa...
Comparative Evaluation of Carbon Reinforced Polyetherketone Acetabular Cup using Finite Element Analysis.

Background Patients suffering from osteoarthritis undergo surgery to replace hip joints with hip prosthesis implants. Today most acetabular cups of hip prostheses are made of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight-Polyethylene. However, these materials acting as acetabular cups of the implant have been recalled since patients have been feeling uncomfortable and abstained from physical activities. A newly introduced material, 30% Carbon Reinforced Polyetherketone, possess better isotropic mechanical properties and lower wear rates. Objective The research aims to compare the von-Mises stresses and deformation in static and dynamic loading of Ultra-High Molecular-Weight-Polyethylene to 30% Reinforced Carbon Fiber Polyetherketone using Finite Element Analysis. Material and methods An analytical study was performed to evaluate material selection and their contact performances of acetabular cups. Four pairs have been analyzed under loading conditions following ASTM F2996-13 and ISO 7206-4 standards. The acetabular cups options are made of 30% Carbon Reinforced Fiber Polyetherketone or Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight-Polyethylene. Besides, the femoral head and steam options are either Alumina Ceramic or Cobalt Chrome Molybdenum. Results The yield strength of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight-Polyethylene is considerably small, resulting in the acetabular cup to fail when applied to high loading conditions. Carbon Reinforced Polyetherketone with Alumina Ceramic yielded 65% lower deformation at stumbling phase. Conclusion Since the study focuses on linear isotropic material properties, Alumina Ceramic dominates a higher elastic modulus than Cobalt Chrome Molybdenum, nominating it the best fit combination for lower von-Mises stresses, acting on the Carbon Reinforced Polyetherketone acetabular cup.
Vertical Integration for Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility at Taylor Guitars

Following the acquisition of an ebony mill in Cameroon, Taylor Guitars implemented a series of social and environmental responsibility (CSER) initiatives in ebony sourcing. The company also supplies the responsibly sourced ebony to its competitors through horizontal sourcing. Inspired by their example, we study vertical integration as an alternative strategy for CSER in sourcing. In this case, firm can vertically integrate with its supplier to ensure responsible practices in the supply chain. In a competitive setting, an exposed CSER violation in one supply chain may increase the competing supply chain’s demand (positive externalities) because of product substitution or decrease the competing supply chain’s demand (negative externalities) because of public’s heightened suspicion about the entire industry’s social and environmental practices. Furthermore, NGOs’ scrutiny and reporting policies may influence the chance of a violation exposure, as well as demand externalities created by the violation exposure. We examine horizontal sourcing as a potential strategy for mitigating the impact of a CSER externality caused by a competing supply chain. When horizontal sourcing is infeasible, we find that higher violation exposure externalities induce better CSER, but overly intensive violation scrutiny alongside strongly negative externalities may backfire and discourage CSER. By contrast, when horizontal sourcing is feasible, intensive violation scrutiny induces CSER, but strongly positive externalities may impair industry-wide CSER. These findings have important implications for firms interested in ensuring CSER in their supply chain, as well as for NGOs’ violation scrutiny and reporting policies.
Gender as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Parental Anxiety and Adolescent Anxiety and Depression

Higher anxiety and depression in females becomes more pronounced in the transition from childhood to adolescence. Although previous research indicates that parental anxiety may predict anxiety and depression more strongly in girls than boys, there is a lack of longitudinal research investigating these relationships. The current study utilized longitudinal data (N = 940) to investigate our hypotheses that 1) mothers’ and fathers’ anxiety (at child age 7) would be more strongly associated with symptoms of adolescent anxiety and depression in girls than in boys, and 2) that greater increases in both mothers’ and fathers’ anxiety (from child age 7 to child age 15) would be more strongly associated with symptoms of adolescent anxiety and depression in girls than in boys. Structural equation modeling results indicated that higher mothers’ anxiety at child age 7, as well as higher increases in fathers’ anxiety (from child age 7 to child age 15), were associated with girls’ anxiety and depression at age 15, but not boys’ anxiety and depression at age 15. There were no child gender differences found in the associations between 1) fathers’ anxiety at child age 7 and child anxiety and depression at child age 15, or 2) change in mothers’ anxiety (from child age 7 to child age 15) and child anxiety and depression at child age 15. These results highlight important gender differences that may influence the development of anxiety and depression in adolescence.
Who Owns and Cares about the Data? A Method for Identifying and Gathering Information for Research Investigations

Information overload has always been a challenge for business-people as well as professionals from other types of organizations. And today with search algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) such an ever-present part of daily life and media consumption, the challenges in learning how to filter information for oneself for effective processing, interpretation and analysis have only increased. Several frameworks are presented that were created for instructing students to assist with addressing this. They were tested and refined over four years in a core MBA course focused on decision making and project-based work. They include ways to conceptualize the broad areas of information available for business decision making as well as how to identify information by thinking about who is producing it, why they are producing it and who their key customers are. Other frameworks presented deal with ways to identify pertinent information and how to process and work with it as part of a research investigation. These frameworks are presented as tools that can be used by business school instructors, but certainly have a broader application as useful guidelines for anyone hoping to be a better collector and processor of relevant information for decision making and project work.
Lower-Limb Prostheses

Gait is a phasic activity that is controlled by both muscular activity and inertia (gravity). Gait has been described as, “controlled falling,” since one phase uses energy to elevate the body CoM, and the next phase uses the accumulated potential energy to lower the body CoM while proceeding forward. Here we will learn the details of natural gait from the joints and muscles to the motors and joints that attempt to restore gait to an amputee.
System Design and Control of VSC based HVDC System and its Performance Evaluation

This paper proposed detailed system design as well as control design of voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) system. In system design; sending and receiving end AC source, design of AC components which included transformers, AC filters and converter reactors and DC components design which included DC voltage ripple removing capacitors, 3rd harmonic filters and DC smooth reactors design calculations are presented in the paper. In control design, complete description of current vector control (CVC) designed controller used to control active/reactive power and AC/DC voltage is provided. For performance evaluation, HVDC system is implemented and its control is designed on MATLAB Simulink. Finally, performance evaluation is done by applying AC perturbation through three-phase to neutral fault and voltage sag using 3-phase programmable source presented in MATLAB Simulink.
EFFECT OF THE DEUTERON'S D-WAVE COMPONENT IN HIGH- ENERGY SCATTERING

The electric quadrupole moment of the deuteron was discovered here at Columbia University about 30 years ago.1 The existence of this moment showed that the deuteron wave function has a D-wave component due to a tensor force in the neutron-proton interaction.2 In the standard notation a deuteron with angular momentum component Jz = M has the wave function Open image in new window where Open image in new window is the tensor operator and u and w are the S- and D-wave radial wave functions respectively. The deuteron’s form factors are defined by the relation Open image in new window where Open image in new window is the spherical or monopole form factor and Open image in new window is the quadrupole form factor. These two form factors have been studied extensively in connection with elastic electron deuteron scattering.3
CONTACT IMPROVISATION, A DANCE TECHNIQUE AS A REPRESENTATIVE ART FORM OF THE SEVENTIES IN AMERICAN CULTURE

My research paper intends to examine a dance technique – Contact Improvisation - founded by Steve Paxton in the early-seventies as an art event that was supposed to display the body‘s natural ability to respond physically to the effects of its environment. I would like to explore to what extent Contact Improvisation as an art form is a good representation of the phenomena of the 1970s in American Society. I will look at this dance technique from multiple different aspects, those that could be considered as characteristics of the seventies. These are some of the ideas I elaborate in my conference paper: i. I will research whether the broad, almost nationwide interest in the experience of spiritual rebirth and transcendentalism can be experienced behind the ideas that Contact Improvisation represents. ii. I will try to reveal how this technique worked against the general alienated feeling of the ‘Me Decade‘ because we know that Steve Paxton – initiator of this technique - insisted on Contact Improvisation as a group work, creating deep bonds. iii. The seventies were famous for their solid base for consciousness raising movements. Freeing the body and its sexuality from the earlier social control opened the door to body expressions that had previously repressed. I will argue that Contact Improvisation works as a tool of exploring the natural capabilities and possibilities of the human body as a new frontier and let participants feel equal in the interaction. iv. I would like to discuss the connection between Contact Imrovisation and the decline of American institutions in the seventies as Contact Improvisation is emphasized to be non-hierarchical and egalitarian.
Regulatory Properties and Subunit Structure of Chick Embryo Deoxycytidylate Deaminase

Abstract Evidence has been presented that chick embryo deoxycytidylate deaminase (EC 3.5.4.12) is capable of undergoing structural changes under a variety of conditions. Rate studies revealed that inhibition of the enzyme by ethylenediaminetetraacetate markedly diminishes at 10° and below. Although EDTA does not inhibit the deaminase at 10°, the inhibition by urea, N-ethylmaleimide, and 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) is dramatically enhanced in its presence. End product inhibition by deoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate, shown to be both pH and concentration dependent, is completely eliminated at 10° by EDTA. The reversal of deoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate inhibition by deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate is markedly sigmoidal, emphasizing the regulatory interaction of these ligands. Hill constants for the reaction of the enzyme with substrate in the presence of deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate and deoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate are 1.0 and 4.0, respectively. The Hill constant for the homotropic reaction of deoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate with the deaminase at 30° is 4.0, whereas that at 10° is 2.8. The apparent Km value for the activation of the deaminase by deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate is 2.12 x 10-4 mm. The subunit structure of the deaminase is emphasized by its conversion from an s0.72520,w value of 6.78 in the presence of deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate to a value of 3.63 S in the presence of deoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate. The latter form of the enzyme is inactive when assayed in the absence of mercaptoethanol. Deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate and, to a lesser extent, deoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate and deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate protect the deaminase rather strikingly from inactivation by trypsin. The low molecular weight, inactive form, of the enzyme is not protected under similar circumstances.
Design Considerations for a Compatibility Test Procedure

A major focus of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) vehicle compatibility and aggressivity research program is the development of a laboratory test procedure to evaluate compatibility. This paper is written to explain the associated goals, issues, and design considerations and to review the preliminary results from this ongoing research program. One of NHTSA’s activities supporting the development of a test procedure involves investigating the use of an mobile deformable barrier (MDB) into vehicle test to evaluate both the self-protection (crashworthiness) and the partnerprotection (compatibility) of the subject vehicle. For this development, the MDB is intended to represent the median or expected crash partner. This representiveness includes such vehicle characteristics as weight, size, and frontal stiffness. This paper presents distributions of vehicle measurements based on 1996 fleet registration data. While there is still considerable work to be done to develop meaningful aggressivity metrics that relate to realworld crash performance, this paper summarizes NHTSA’s work to date in this area.
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Without an International Financial Reporting Language (IFRL): Evidence of Information Asymmetry in the EU

Since 2005, companies in the European Union (EU) are required by Regulation 1606/2002 to prepare financial statements in accordance with IFRS; however, these listed companies are not required to prepare financial statements and disclosures in an International Financial Reporting Language (IFRL) or lingua franca. We question whether firms that file IFRS financial statements only in the local language but not in English, the IFRL or lingua franca, limit the benefits of IFRS; whereas, companies that also file in English reduce information asymmetry and increase the effectiveness of IFRS as a global informational tool. This paper examines annual filings from 6,000 listed companies in the European Union (EU) for the years 2009 and 2012. We found that approximately 60 percent of companies from non-English speaking countries file in their local language and voluntary disclose in English; while 40 percent report only in their native languages, Our research suggests that until international companies adopt English as the International Financial Reporting Language (IFRL) the full benefit of complying with IFRS will not be recognized.
Barbara Kelly, editor, French Music, Culture, and National Identity, 1870–1939

Barbara Kelly's edited volume, French Music, Culture, and National Identity, 1870–1939, offers a diverse approach to the interrelationships between the arts and French identity at the fin de siecle...
The major envelope glycoprotein of the extracellular virion of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus possesses at least three distinct neutralizing epitopes

Abstract A panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the extracellular virion (ECV) of the baculovirus AcMNPV was developed and characterized. Four of the MAbs recognizing the major glycoprotein gp64 neutralized infectivity. Further characterization of these neutralizing MAbs indicated that they recognize epitopes distinct from those recognized by a previously characterized neutralizing MAb to gp64 (Volkman et al. (1984) Virology 133, 354–362). Two of the neutralizing antibodies in our panel recognized gp64 on western blots. Neither neutralized infectivity after limited proteolysis of gp64 with either trypsin or Proteinase K. Both of these MAbs recognized a 24.6-kDa peptide following partial digestion of gp64 with V8 protease. Two additional neutralizing MAbs recognized disulfide-linked oligomeric gp64 as well as a monomeric form in which at least some intramolecular disulfide bonds were present. In addition, both MAbs continued to neutralize infectivity of ECV following incubation with either trypsin or Proteinase K, indicating that the epitopes recognized by these monoclonal antibodies are retained by the 34–36 kDa proteolytic fragment. These results indicate that gp64 has at least 3 distinct neutralization epitopes, two of which are recognized by our MAbs and one which is recognized by the previously described MAb.
The mechanism of hydrogen photoproduction by several algae : II. The contribution of photosystem II.

The contribution of PS II to H2 photoproduction by several unicellular green algae was measured both when O2 evolution and photophosphorylation were unimpaired and also when these processes had been eliminated by Cl-CCP. As judged by the effects of DCMU, a PS II contribution was found under both sets of experimental conditions for several strains of Chlorella, Ankistrodesmus and Scenedesmus. However, H2 photoproduction by Chlamydomonas moewusii was insensitive to DCMU and thus was entirely due to PS I. With cells treated with Cl-CCP, the relative amount of PS II contribution varied from zero in autotrophically grown Chlamydomonas reinhardii, to ≈ 20% in photoheterotrophically grown and ≈ 50% in autotrophically grown cells of Ankistrodesmus braunii, Chlorella fusca, Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus. The dehydrogenation of reduced H-donors by PS II of Scenedesmus treated with Cl-CCP showed the same biphasic kinetics previously described for H2 photoproduction by PS I of this alga.
Recombinant protein production in an alcohol oxidase-defective strain of Pichia pastoris in fedbatch fermentations

Abstract The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris synthesizes high levels of alcohol oxidase from the AOX1 gene during growth on methanol as a carbon source. We have a transcriptional fusion of the lacZ gene to the AOX1 promoter as a model system for investigating recombinant protein production in an alcohol oxidase (aox1, aox2) defective strain. Growth and recombinant protein production with glycerol as the carbon source (fed at various constant feedrates) was studied. A feedrate of 1 g l−1 h−1 was found to be optimum resulting in a specific activity of 8.62 × 104 U mg−1 dry cell. The specific yield did not improve when glycerol was increased in steps. High feeding rates gave low specific yields (U mg−1 dry cell mass) and high cell masses. Low protein yields at higher glycerol feedrates were due to partial repression of the AOX1 promoter by glycerol and the by-product, ethanol. In comparison, the wild type (Mut+) strain gave a maximum specific yield of 5.52 × 104 U mg−1 dry cell.
Bet Hedging in Yeast by Heterogeneous, Age-Correlated Expression of a Stress Protectant

Genetically identical cells grown in the same culture display striking cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression and other traits. A crucial challenge is to understand how much of this heterogeneity reflects the noise tolerance of a robust system and how much serves a biological function. In bacteria, stochastic gene expression results in cell-to-cell heterogeneity that might serve as a bet-hedging mechanism, allowing a few cells to survive through an antimicrobial treatment while others perish. Despite its clinical importance, the molecular mechanisms underlying bet hedging remain unclear. Here, we investigate the mechanisms of bet hedging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a new high-throughput microscopy assay that monitors variable protein expression, morphology, growth rate, and survival outcomes of tens of thousands of yeast microcolonies simultaneously. We find that clonal populations display broad distributions of growth rates and that slow growth predicts resistance to heat killing in a probabalistic manner. We identify several gene products that are likely to play a role in bet hedging and confirm that Tsl1, a trehalose-synthesis regulator, is an important component of this resistance. Tsl1 abundance correlates with growth rate and replicative age and predicts survival. Our results suggest that yeast bet hedging results from multiple epigenetic growth states determined by a combination of stochastic and deterministic factors.
Electrical storm in hemodialysis: A story of death reversed 65 times

Background Ventricular arrhythmias, common in dialysis patients, are potentially lethal; when 2 episodes of ventricular arrhythmia occur within 24 hours—with a normal sinus rhythm in between—it is called an electrical storm. Methods This article reports on the case of a 70-year-old male patient who experienced 65 episodes of ventricular arrhythmia during dialysis over a 2-year period. Results Because of the automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator and immediate access to antiarrhythmic medications such as amiodarone and lidocaine, the patient survived the ventricular arrhythmias—and death itself—65 times. Conclusion This case highlights the importance of the availability of antiarrhythmic medications and automated external defibrillators in dialysis units and stresses the need to train personnel in the dialysis unit in the use of external defibrillators. Peritoneal dialysis is a possible alternative in patients prone to electrical storm.