cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
On NUFFT-based gridding for non-Cartesian MRI.

For MRI with non-Cartesian sampling, the conventional approach to reconstructing images is to use the gridding method with a Kaiser–Bessel (KB) interpolation kernel. Recently, Sha et al. [L. Sha, H. Guo, A.W. Song, An improved gridding method for spiral MRI using nonuniform fast Fourier transform, J. Magn. Reson. 162(2) (2003) 250–258] proposed an alternative method based on a nonuniform FFT (NUFFT) with least-squares (LS) design of the interpolation coefficients. They described this LS_NUFFT method as shift variant and reported that it yielded smaller reconstruction approximation errors than the conventional shift-invariant KB approach. This paper analyzes the LS_NUFFT approach in detail. We show that when one accounts for a certain linear phase factor, the core of the LS_NUFFT interpolator is in fact real and shift invariant. Furthermore, we find that the KB approach yields smaller errors than the original LS_NUFFT approach. We show that optimizing certain scaling factors can lead to a somewhat improved LS_NUFFT approach, but the high computation cost seems to outweigh the modest reduction in reconstruction error. We conclude that the standard KB approach, with appropriate parameters as described in the literature, remains the practical method of choice for gridding reconstruction in MRI.
Evidence that feedback inhibition of NAD kinase controls responses to oxidative stress

Formation of NADP+ from NAD+ is catalyzed by NAD kinase (NadK; EC 2.7.1.23). Evidence is presented that NadK is the only NAD kinase of Salmonella enterica and is essential for growth. NadK is inhibited allosterically by NADPH and NADH. Without effectors, NadK exists as an equilibrium mixture of dimers and tetramers (KD = 1.0 ± 0.8 mM) but is converted entirely to tetramers in the presence of the inhibitor NADPH. Comparison of NadK kinetic parameters with pool sizes of NADH and NADPH suggests that NadK is substantially inhibited during normal growth and, thus, can increase its activity greatly in response to temporary drops in the pools of inhibitory NADH and NADPH. The primary inhibitor is NADPH during aerobic growth and NADH during anaerobic growth. A model is proposed in which variation of NadK activity is central to the adjustment of pyridine nucleotide pools in response to changes in aeration, oxidative stress, and UV irradiation. It is suggested that each of these environmental factors causes a decrease in the level of reduced pyridine nucleotides, activates NadK, and increases production of NADP(H) at the expense of NAD(H). Activation of NadK may constitute a defensive response that resists loss of protective NADPH.
Comparison of fluometuron sorption to soil from a filter strip and cropped field

Abstract A laboratory experiment was conducted to compare the adsorption and desorption of fluometuron between two soils, one collected from an eastern gamagrass filter strip and the other from a cropped field. Fluometuron adsorption to soil collected from the filter strip was higher than to soil collected from the cropped field. Kd values for fluometuron ranged from 1.9 to 3.6 for soil from a cropped area, compared with 2.9 to 5.3 for soil from the filter strip, indicating a weak to moderate binding affinity for fluometuron. The total fluometuron desorbed ranged from 48 to 79% of that adsorbed, most of which (50 to 59% of the total amount desorbed) occurred during the first desorption cycle with both soils. Approximately 11% less fluometuron desorbed when a filter strip was present. Results indicate that eastern gamagrass filter strips can influence adsorption–desorption processes between fluometuron and a Brooksville silty clay soil by altering the soil properties, specifically soil organic matter. Nome...
Abstract 2039: Trim21: A novel regulator of Par-4 and oncogenic signaling

Prostate apoptosis response protein 4 (Par-4) is a tumor suppressor that induces apoptosis selectively in cancer cells. Although Par-4 levels have been shown to be regulated by ubiqutin-mediated proteolysis, it is not known whether Par-4 function is regulated by ubiquination. To identify novel protein interaction partners of Par-4, we used co-immunoprecipitation of Par-4, followed by in-solution trypsin digestion and mass spectrometry. We demonstrate that Trim21, an E3 ligase that acts as a negative regulator of inflammatory signaling partially through ubiquitination of various downstream transcription factors, is a novel Par-4 interacting protein, and may regulate the activity of Par-4. Furthermore, similar to Par-4, we found that Trim21 inhibits Akt activation. Our studies reveal that Trim21 is a novel E3 ligase of Par-4, and extends its role from regulation of immune signaling to regulation of apoptosis and oncogenic signaling in colon cancer cells. Citation Format: Jeffrey Nguyen, Rosalyn Irby. Trim21: A novel regulator of Par-4 and oncogenic signaling. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2039. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2039
Abstract 83: Hyperacute Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Levels Predict Early Neurological Deterioration in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Objectives: Clinical evolution after an acute ischemic stroke can be variable and patients may experience early neurological improvement (ENI) or early neurological deterioration (END). It is still...
Hyperspectral Unmixing using the AFSSI-C

We investigate the use of the Adaptive Feature Specific Spectral Imaging Classifier (AFSSI-C) architecture to perform spectral unmixing. Through simulations using a variety of static coding schemes, we demonstrate that the AFSSI-C outperforms traditional hyperspectral imaging.
Breaking Up Is Hard to Do

One of the oddest aspects of concluding residency is the obligatory termination of all our patient relationships. The separation process highlights the value of the fundamentals of old-fashioned patient–doctor relationships. How can we make it smoother for everyone?
Pregnancy: Seminal white blood cells and recurrent abortion

The incidence of leukocytospermia (> 1 million white blood cells/ml semen) and concentrations of white blood cell populations in semen from men whose partners experience unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion by conventional testing criteria are described and compared to those of men whose partners have normal reproductive histories. Comparable seminal granulocyte and total white blood cell concentrations between groups suggest that couples with unexplained recurrent abortion do not have an abnormally high incidence of subclinical genital tract infections for which leukocytospermia could serve as a marker. However, a significantly higher prevalence of elevated CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte concentrations in semen from men whose partners have cellular immunity to sperm antigens (i.e. produce embryotoxic factors in response to sperm antigen stimulation) warrants further investigation.
Emotive Non-Anthropomorphic Robots Perceived as More Calming, Friendly, and Attentive for Victim Management

This paper describes results from a large-scale, complex human study using non-facial and non-verbal affect for victim management in robot-assisted Urban Search and Rescue Applications. Statistically significant results are presented that indicate participants felt emotive robots were more calming, friendlier, and attentive.
A puzzle about demonstratives and semantic competence

My aim in this paper is to lay out a number of theses which are very widely held in contemporary philosophy of language and linguistics, and to argue that, given some extra theses for which I’ll argue, they are inconsistent. Some of this will involve going through some very well-trodden territory—my hope is that presenting this familiar ground in the way that I do will help to make plain the problem that I aim to identify.
Effect of HIV antibody disclosure on subsequent sexual activity in homosexual men

During a prospective study of the natural history of AIDS, 1001 homosexual or bisexual men were offered the opportunity to learn their HIV antibody status. Six hundred and seventy (67%) of the population who elected to do so were similar to the 331 (33%) people who declined in a number of baseline characteristics. All were counselled to practice safe sex. To determine whether disclosure of HIV serologic status affects subsequent sexual behavior, we examined changes at four time-points in three sexual activities during the previous 6 months: the number of male partners with whom the participant had (1) sexual intercourse, (2) unprotected anal receptive intercourse, and (3) unprotected anal insertive intercourse. All activities decreased strikingly over the 18-month study period. Following disclosure, the mean number of partners dropped to 47% of the baseline number in people remaining unaware of their antibody status, to 45% in people told that they were seropositive, and to 55% in people told that they were seronegative. The mean number of partners for younger seropositives declined less than that for older seropositives. The mean number of partners with whom unprotected anal receptive intercourse was practiced declined to 57% of baseline in unaware people, 42% in aware seropositives, and 62% in aware seronegatives. The mean number of partners with whom unprotected anal insertive intercourse was practiced declined to 52% of baseline in unaware people, 42% in aware seropositives and 59% in aware seronegatives. Disclosure of a negative test result led to a significantly smaller decline in these sexual activities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Prospective Validation of Central Line-Days Derived From an Electronic Medical Record System.

Validation of the number of central line–days by hospitals is required by the National Healthcare Safety Network. A prospective study that compared a daily report of such days generated by an electronic medical record with observational audits by nurses revealed that the report was 100% sensitive and 99.9% specific. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;36(9):1098–1099
Evolving Concepts of Womanhood

An animated debate on the woman question took place in the column “Donna + Amore + Bellezza” of L’Italia futurista, in response to the publication of Marinetti’s provocative handbook for the would-be Italian male seducer, Come si seducono le donne, in 1917.1 In a broader context, this debate encapsulated wide-ranging social tensions stemming from an increased awareness of discriminatory laws, practices and ideas about gender, both in Italy and other industrialized countries.
Alain-Fournier: Memory, Youth, and Longing

The interweaving of life and art appears with unusual clarity in the work and personal history of this author of one novel. Examining them also affords insight into his neurotic burden and its relief through his writing.
Acoustic reflex threshold tenth percentiles and functional hearing impairment

This study addressed the issue of whether functional impairments can be identified or confirmed using tonal acoustic reflex thresholds (ARTs). Tonal ARTs from 74 ears with functional impairments were compared to 10th percentiles of the ARTs for normal and cochlear-impaired ears at 500 to 2000 Hz (Gelfand, Schwander, and Silman, 1990). Only one ear (5.3%) was correctly identified among the 19 ears in which all of the voluntary thresholds at 500 to 2000 Hz were or = 60 dB HL at one, two, or three of these frequencies, respectively. The false positive rate was only 5 to 7 percent for a control group of 50 ears with genuine sensorineural hearing losses. The results indicate that tonal ARTs are an effective nonbehavioral tool for identifying or substantiating the presence of functional losses when thresholds are > or = 60 dB HL; however, ARTs cannot identify functional components when thresholds are < or = 55 dB HL.
A Viability Constraint on Alternatives for Free Choice

This chapter takes the universal force of free choice items (henceforth FCIs) to be an implicature that arises when an assertion with existential force interacts with a set of lexically triggered exhaustified alternatives, as proposed by Chierchia (to appear). It departs from him in capturing the distribution of FCIs through a Viability Constraint on alternatives, adapting the notion of fluctuation in Dayal (2009) to the view of FCIs as existential. A substantive consequence of the proposed viability constraint is that FCIs can only ever be licensed if they take wide scope over modals (of the appropriate sort). The chapter establishes that apparent counterexamples involve nontrivial interactions between FCIs and modality. When the FCI is complex it can participate in split-quantification, with one part taking scope over the modal and the other taking scope under it. Alternatively, if there are two modals, the FCI can be scopally lower than one but still be licensed because it has scope over the other. A striking confirmation of this approach comes from imperatives. Though long thought to unconditionally admit FCIs, it is shown here that this is not so. In addition to accounting for the more nuanced empirical generalization regarding imperatives, the viability constraint is argued to be generally a simpler way of predicting the distribution of FCIs than the one proposed by Chierchia.
Conclusion: Reflections on Black Queer Morality and Family

Black Queer Ethics, Family, and Philosophical Ethics is Young’s effort to deepen and broaden ethical norms of family that emerge from black queerness. In “Reflections on Black Queer Morality and Family,” she advocates for an ethics of human relationships guided by interdependent subjectivity and argues that such relations exemplify the fundamental (and complicated) values that the research participants in this project articulate.
Molecular Pathology: Prognostic and Diagnostic Genomic Markers for Myeloid Neoplasms

Application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) on myeloid neoplasms has expanded our knowledge of genomic alterations in this group of diseases. Genomic alterations in myeloid neoplasms are complex, heterogeneous, and not specific to a disease entity. NGS-based panel testing of myeloid neoplasms can complement existing diagnostic modalities and is gaining acceptance in the clinics and diagnostic laboratories. Prospective, randomized trials to evaluate the prognostic significance of genomic markers in myeloid neoplasms are under way in academic medical centers.
Isolated traffic signal control using a game theoretic framework

This paper presents a novel isolated traffic signal control algorithm based on a game-theoretic optimization framework. The algorithm models a signalized intersection considering four phases, where each phase is modeled as a player in a game in which the players cooperate to reach a mutual agreement. The Nash bargaining solution is applied to obtain the optimal control strategy, considering a variable phasing sequence and free cycle length. The system is implemented and evaluated in the INTEGRATION microscopic traffic assignment and simulation software. The proposed algorithm is compared to an optimum fixed-time plan and an actuated control algorithm to evaluate the performance of the proposed Nash bargaining approach for different traffic demand levels. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed Nash bargaining control algorithm outperforms the fixed-time and actuated control algorithms for the various traffic conditions. The benefits are observed in improvements in the stopped delay, queue length, travel time, average vehicle speed, system throughput, fuel consumption, and emission levels. Specifically, the simulation results show a reduction in the average travel time ranging from 37% to 65%, a reduction in the total delay ranging from 41% to 64%, a reduction in the queue length ranging from 58% to 77% and a reduction in the emission levels ranging from 6% to 17%.
Challenging Racism in Brazil. Legal Suits in the Context of the 1951 Anti-Discrimination Law

Abstract This article examines efforts to define the nature of racial discrimination in Brazil, within an environment shaped by perceptions of the meaning of racism in the United States and perceptions about the nature of race relations in the lusophone world. The article asks how did black Brazilians work to define discrimination, and what opportunities did they find to mount challenges? This study elucidates reactions to discrimination, looking for these acts where they occurred rather than where the U.S. experience tells us to find them, exploring efforts to define discrimination and to create means to challenge it. Though these efforts often dialogued with ever-present perceptions about race in the U.S., they were adapted to particular legal, political, social and cultural circumstances in the Brazil of their time. In particular, I examine challenges to discrimination through criminal suits brought under Brazil's 1951 anti-discrimination law.
The complete mitochondrial genome of the endangered great hammerhead shark, Sphyrna mokarran.

We present the first mitochondrial genome sequence of the great hammerhead shark, Sphyrna mokarran. This species is of considerable conservation concern throughout its global distribution, and currently listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The mitochondrial genome is 16,719 bp in length with 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and a non-coding control region. The gene arrangement is congruent with other shark and most vertebrate species. This S. mokarran mitogenome provides a genomic resource for assisting with population studies and conservation efforts for this highly depleted species.
The Research on Remote Control Technology of Power System Operation Cockpit Based on Application Virtualization

Abstract With the development of smart grid construction of China Southern Power Grid and the promotion of the integration strategy for power grid companies at all levels, the power grid operation system will gradually become standardized, integrated and intelligent. Since the requirements of safety and stabilization for dispatching are growing, the problem of managing multiple power grid operation systems should be solved urgently. However, with complicated structures, POC(Power System Operation Cockpit) is difficult to monitor and control these operation systems. For the reasons above, this thesis presents a remote control technology based on application virtualization. This technology achieves the remote monitoring, controlling and management of various heterogeneous power grid operation systems by building application delivery centres as well as servers and virtualization clients, provided both secure and efficient remote access across applications. It provides technical supports for integrated monitoring and controlling of operation systems.
Do individuals with maladaptive personality traits find these same traits desirable in potential romantic partners

Abstract Individuals are generally attracted to other people with similar personality traits, but it is unclear whether these patterns replicate for maladaptive personality traits. Accordingly, we examined the association between individuals' own maladaptive personality traits and how desirable they found those traits in a potential romantic partner ( N = 334). As hypothesized, individuals with higher levels of maladaptive personality traits rated those traits as being more desirable in a romantic partner. However, the mean desirability ratings of individuals with higher levels of maladaptive traits indicated that they rated these traits as less undesirable than the average participant but not actually desirable. These results suggest that the positive overall associations may reflect these individuals being more willing to settle for these less desirable partners rather than actively seeking them out. Further research examining the mechanisms underlying these patterns and how these choices play out in real world contexts would be valuable.
Concentrations of environmental DNA (eDNA) reflect spawning salmon abundance at fine spatial and temporal scales

Abstract Developing fast, cost-effective assessments of wild animal abundance is an important goal for many researchers, and environmental DNA (eDNA) holds much promise for this purpose. However, the quantitative relationship between species abundance and the amount of DNA present in the environment is likely to vary substantially among taxa and with ecological context. Here, we report a strong quantitative relationship between eDNA concentration and the abundance of spawning sockeye salmon in a small stream in Alaska, USA, where we took temporally- and spatially-replicated samples during the spawning period. This high-resolution dataset suggests that (1) eDNA concentrations vary significantly day-to-day, and likely within hours, in the context of the dynamic biological event of a salmon spawning season; (2) eDNA, as detected by species-specific quantitative PCR probes, seems to be conserved over short distances (tens of meters) in running water, but degrade quickly over larger scales (ca. 1.5 km); and (3) factors other than the mere presence of live, individual fish — such as location within the stream, live/dead ratio, and water temperature — can affect the eDNA-biomass correlation in space or time. A multivariate model incorporating both biotic and abiotic variables accounted for over 75% of the eDNA variance observed, suggesting that where a system is well-characterized, it may be possible to predict species' abundance from eDNA surveys, although we underscore that species- and system-specific variables are likely to limit the generality of any given quantitative model. Nevertheless, these findings provide an important step toward quantitative applications of eDNA in conservation and management.
Interstitial Hyperthermia with Ferromagnetic Seed Implants: Preliminary Results of a Phase I Clinical Trial

Although the first use of hyperthermia in the treatment of cancer was reported in the 19th century, the use of hyperthermia as a treatment modality has been developing rapidly only over the last ten to fifteen years. Response rates have varied, depending on the size and location of the tumor, but hyperthermia combined with irradiation consistently appears to improve the complete response rate over that seen with irradiation alone by a factor of two, and to increase the response duration as well (Overgaard, 1987, 1989).
The Structure of Environmental Risk Assessments

Since risk assessments can involve a large number of steps, including calculations requiring expertise in a wide range of scientific disciplines as well as mathematics and statistics, there is a need to subdivide the process. By doing this, the analyses of data and the calculations are separated into parts that can be handled by individuals with the appropriate expertise, ensuring that these same individuals don’t wander off into parts of the assessment for which they have inadequate training. If separated in the proper way, it even is possible to produce an assessment in which any of the separate parts can be revised without necessarily revising all of the other parts.
Subchondral replacement: a comparative analysis of reconstruction with methyl methacrylate or autogenous bone graft.

Localization of hydatidosis in the musculoskeletal system is a rare occurrence, and generally involves the skeleton. A case reported here in which the muscular localization of hydatidosis followed hepatic and pulmonary localizations treated surgically. 1) Muscular localization seems to be related to the regional circulation; 2) diagnosis may be done by echography, CT scan, RMI and immunological tests with ELISA and RIA methods; 3) basic steps during surgery, which constitutes the treatment of choice, involve the prevention of anaphylactic shock and the inactivation of the cyst; 4) chemotherapy is limited to cases in which it is not possible to perform radical surgery, to the prevention of postoperative recurrence, and to cases which cannot be treated surgically.
Three-Dimensional Vortex Dynamics Simulations

Over the last decade, the advent of supercomputers in combination with advances in the design of computational algorithms has paved the way for three-dimensional vortex dynamics simulations of increasingly complex flow fields. While most of the applications aim at an improved understanding of the mechanisms that govern constant-density free shear flows such as mixing layers, wakes, jets, and vortex rings, others have addressed a variety of problems ranging from chemically reacting flows with heat release to issues related to the formation and existence of singularities in solutions of the Euler equations. In all of the above contexts, the main attraction of using vortex dynamics methods lies in their Lagrangian nature, which in inviscid flows preserves the identity of rotational fluid elements and thereby allows for the tracking of individual vortex lines or tubes. This of course is only approximately possible in grid-based simulations of the Euler equations, due to the presence of numerical dissipation, which leads to the artificial diffusion of vorticity to neighboring fluid particles. While current efforts to increase the accuracy of grid-based vorticity dynamics investigations show some promise, this field is not covered by the present review. In the above way, vortex dynamics simulations enable the fluid dynamicist to study all of the inviscid mechanisms that govern three-dimensionally evolving flows of constant density: convection, concentration, reorientation, and stretching of vorticity. Considerable progress has been made over the last five years towards extending vortex dynamics methods to rotational flow fields in which the effects of viscosity become important: diffusion of vorticity, dissipation at the small scales, reconnection of vortex tubes, and the generation of vorticity near solid boundaries.
Cytoprotective Role of Haptoglobin in Brain After Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage

After intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), hemoglobin (Hb) that is released from erythrocytes within the brain hematoma is highly cytotoxic and leads to severe brain edema and direct neuronal damage. Therefore, neutralization of Hb could represent an important target for reducing the secondary injury after ICH. Haptoglobin (Hp), an endogenous Hb-binding protein in blood plasma, is found in this study to be upregulated in the hematoma-affected brain after ICH. Both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that Hp upregulation is primarily mediated by oligodendrocytes. Hp acts as a secretory protein capable of neutralizing the cell-free Hb. We also found in an “ICH-like” injury that Hp-KO mice show the most severe brain injury and neurological deficits, whereas Hp-Tg mice are the most resistant to ICH injury, suggesting that a higher Hp level is associated with the increased resistance of animals to hemolytic product-mediated brain injury after ICH. We conclude that brain-derived Hp plays a cytoprotective role after ICH, and Hp may represent a new potential therapeutic target for management of ICH.
Anti-Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Like Immunoreactivity in Lacrimal Glands

Lacrimal glands are extensively innervated by both the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The neurotransmitters acetylcholine and norepinephrine are present in nerve fibers distributed among the secretory acini. Physiological studies using glands from a number of different species suggest that muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and both alpha and beta adrenergic receptors are present on the secretory acinar cells. There are no data, however, on the anatomic distribution of any neurotransmitter receptor in lacrimal glands. Given that the innervation density is sufficiently low so that it is unlikely that each acinar cell is directly innervated (see Walcott et al, this volume), it becomes even more important to determine the distribution of receptors in the glands in order to understand the control of lacrimal gland secretion.
Quantitative Diffusion Imaging

In the mid 1990s, DWI developed from a technically difficult and novel approach to a routine acquisition technique on clinical scanners. It now takes under 1 min to be acquired and can bring valuable information and pathophysiologic insight in many diseases. The same transition is currently happening in DTI, which is expected to contribute much novel clinical and neuroscientific information presently not accessible by other technologies. For instance, DTI is the only approach for tracking brain white matter fibers non-invasively in the human brain. In combination with functional MRI, which can outline activated cortical networks, DTI may thus provide clues on functional connectivity. DTI is also increasingly been used to demonstrate subtle connectivity anomalies in a variety of dysfunctions, such as cerebral palsy, cancer, stroke, dyslexia, or diseases including multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia. Before DTI can become true clinical routine, some progress is still needed. This relates to factors such as scan time and therefore, patient tolerance, and the complexity of post-processing (now mostly off-line) required for the method. These issues are already being addressed. For instance, clinical equipment with whole-body gradients of up to 8 G/cm is becoming available, which, together with the clinical availability of 3-Tesla magnets will allow the use of multi-directional DTI at high spatial resolution (around 2×2×2 mm3) in a few minutes. Another issue that is often discussed is which quantitative parameter to choose, FA, RA, etc. Actually, these anisotropies are all related and the only advantage of using one versus the other will be based on contrast to noise, which depends on anisotropy of the particular structure being studied. It would be most helpful if all researchers would report the eigenvalues so that others can calculate any parameter they want. A further essential consideration for data analysis and reporting is the influence of partial volume effects between different structures. This is especially problematic for group studies or development studies.
Low Revision Rates at 10 years for Metal on Metal Hip Implants in a Military Population

Introduction Prior to being largely abandoned due to unacceptably high failure rates and the adverse physiologic reactions to metal ions, metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) and hip resurfacing (HR) were in widespread use throughout the USA, and the potential benefit of decreased volumetric wear rates made it of particular interest to those who serve a young active population, such as military surgeons. The aim of our study was to determine the revision rate of metal on metal hip implants performed at our military institution and obtain current patient reported outcomes from this cohort. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective review of patients who underwent MoM total hip arthroplasty (THA) or hip resurfacing (HR) at our institution from 2006 to 2012. Revision status and component type were determined, and patients were contacted to obtain current HOOS JR scores. Results We identified 103 THAs in 88 patients and 38 HRs in 33 patients, with mean follow up of 10.2 years. Average age at time of surgery was 48 years, and 85% of the patients were male. The mean HOOS JR score in the THA and HR groups were 84.9 ± 17.6 and 75.8 ± 24.9, respectively (p = 0.38), and were not significantly lower in those who were revised. Two THA revisions occurred for metallosis and one for aseptic loosening of the femoral component. One HR revision occurred for breach of the anterior femoral neck, and one occurred for heterotopicossification. Conclusions Revision rates of MoM THA and HR in this young, predominantly male population were 2.9% and 5.3%, respectively, and patients maintained generally good hip-specific outcomes.
Fundamentals of Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Properties

Abstract Piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials find usage in myriad applications, ranging from resonators for timekeeping instruments to ultrasound transducers to low-power nonvolatile memory elements, among many others. As a result of the vast application space, there is a drive to discover new materials with improved performance, lower cost, easier manufacturing possibilities, and reduced environmental impact. This chapter serves to outline the basic properties of piezoelectric and ferroelectric responses and discusses properties that must exist in piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials, focusing first on the necessary crystal symmetries to support the phenomena. The discussion then expands to the phenomenological thermodynamic theory of the phase transition from the nonpolar to the polar phase and a description of how phonons and atomic displacements form spontaneous dipoles. Finally, several key features and phenomena of ferroelectrics are discussed, including domain structure, scaling effects, ferroelectric fatigue, and property measurements and artifacts.
Review: Rapid-acting analogues do not differ from regular human insulin for mortality or HbA1c in type 2 diabetes.

Source Citation Fullerton B, Siebenhofer A, Jeitler K, et al. Short-acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adult, non-pregnant persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Dat...
Trans* in College: Transgender Students’ Strategies for Navigating Campus Life and the Institutional Politics of Inclusion By Z Nicolazzo

The conversation about trans* college students can finally move beyond discussions of bathrooms. Nicolazzo’s book described the experiences of nine collegians on a campus marked by the twin cultura...
Cutaneous Basophil Hypersensitivity

The term cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH) initially referred to a systemic but evanescent pattern of delayed-onset reactivity in guinea pigs sensitized to protein antigens administered without mycobacterial adjuvants (Richerson et al., 1969, 1970; H. Dvorak et al., 1970). When animals immunized in this fashion were skin tested 5–7 days later, sites of antigenic challenge developed intradermal infiltrates containing large numbers of basophilic granulocytes, as well as lymphocytes (H. Dvorak et al., 1970). Although the participation of basophils in certain delayed-onset reactions had been recognized for some time (Rinogoen, 1923; Wolf-Jurgensen, 1965, 1967), the description of CBH focused renewed attention on the occurrence of basophils in delayed-onset immunologic reactions, particularly in the guinea pig. And with the application of improved methods of tissue fixation and processing, basophils soon were discovered in the inflammatory infiltrates elicited by a large number of biologically significant antigens (reviewed in Askenase, 1977, 1980; Galli and Dvorak, 1979; Galli et al., 1983a, 1984).
Open peer review: promoting transparency in open science

Open peer review (OPR), where review reports and reviewers’ identities are published alongside the articles, represents one of the last aspects of the open science movement to be widely embraced, although its adoption has been growing since the turn of the century. This study provides the first comprehensive investigation of OPR adoption, its early adopters and the implementation approaches used. Current bibliographic databases do not systematically index OPR journals, nor do the OPR journals clearly state their policies on open identities and open reports. Using various methods, we identified 617 OPR journals that published at least one article with open identities or open reports as of 2019 and analyzed their wide-ranging implementations to derive emerging OPR practices. The findings suggest that: (1) there has been a steady growth in OPR adoption since 2001, when 38 journals initially adopted OPR, with more rapid growth since 2017; (2) OPR adoption is most prevalent in medical and scientific disciplines (79.9%); (3) five publishers are responsible for 81% of the identified OPR journals; (4) early adopter publishers have implemented OPR in different ways, resulting in different levels of transparency. Across the variations in OPR implementations, two important factors define the degree of transparency: open identities and open reports. Open identities may include reviewer names and affiliation as well as credentials; open reports may include timestamped review histories consisting of referee reports and author rebuttals or a letter from the editor integrating reviewers’ comments. When and where open reports can be accessed are also important factors indicating the OPR transparency level. Publishers of optional OPR journals should add metric data in their annual status reports.
Correlation between physician assistant students’ performance score of history taking and physical exam documentation and scores of Graduate Record Examination, clinical year grade point average, and score of Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam in the United States

Purpose Learning to perform and document patient history taking and physical exam (H&P) entails a major component of the 1st year academic education of physician assistant (PA) students at Wayne State University, USA. The H&P is summative of multiple aspects of PA education, and students must master communication with patients and other health care providers. The objectives of this study were first, to determine if there was a correlation between scores on GRE component testing and scores on graded H&Ps. The second objective was to identify a correlation between proficiency with H&P documentation and academic and clinical year grade point average (GPA)s and Physician Assistant National Qualifying (PANCE) score. Methods Subjects included 147 PA students from Wayne State University from 2014-2016. PA students visited local hospitals or outpatient clinics during the academic year to perform and document patient H&Ps. Correlation between The H&P mean scores and GRE component scores, GPAs, and PANCE scores were analyzed. Results The subjects were 26.5 years-old (+ 6.5) and 111 female (75.5%). There was no correlation between the GRE component score and the H&P mean score. The H&P score was positively correlated with GPA 1 (r = 0.512, P<0.001), with GPA 2 (r = 0.425, P<0.001) and with PANCE score (r = 0.448, P<0.001). Conclusion PA student skill with H&P documentation was positively related to academic performance score during PA school and achievement score on the PANCE at Wayne State University, USA.
A Preliminary Study on the Presence of Salmonella in Lymph Nodes of Sows at Processing Plants in the United States.

Salmonella-contaminated lymph nodes (LN), when included into edible meat products, are a potential source of Salmonella foodborne disease. In this survey, ventral superficial cervical and mandibular LN were tested for the presence of Salmonella from two sow processing plants in the midwestern United States. Results indicate that both LN can be contaminated with Salmonella; mandibular LN have higher prevalence (p 90%) of Salmonella isolates are pan-susceptible or resistant to one antimicrobial, while 9.78% of isolates were multi-drug-resistant (MDR-resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobials). Intervention methods to prevent foodborne disease could include elimination of these LN from pork products or inclusion of LN only into products that are destined for cooking. Integrated multi-faceted intervention methods need to be developed to reduce Salmonella in the food chain.
Casimir energy for perturbed surfaces of revolution

In this paper, we explore the zeta function arising from a small perturbation on a surface of revolution and the effect of this on the functional determinant and on the change of the Casimir energy associated with the surface.
Neurovascular trauma: Diagnosis and therapy

Traumatic cerebrovascular injuries are common in both military and civilian populations. Whether such injuries occur in the aftermath of blunt or penetrating trauma has major implications for characteristics, classification, diagnosis, and optimal management of these lesions. Advances in screening methods, including particularly the dramatic rise of high-quality CT angiography, have facilitated early detection of these lesions. Fortunately, these diagnostic advances have occurred alongside improvements in pharmacological treatment and endovascular intervention, which now play an important role alongside surgical intervention in reducing the likelihood of adverse clinical outcomes. While the management of victims of trauma remains challenging, improved understanding of and ability to appropriately manage traumatic cerebrovascular lesions promises to yield better clinical outcomes for these vulnerable patients.
An exact solution for the investment and value of a firm facing uncertainty, adjustment costs, and irreversibility

This paper derives closed-form solutions for the investment and value of a competitive firm with a constant-returns-to-scale production function and convex costs of adjustment. Solutions are derived for the case of irreversible investment as well as for reversible investment. Optimal investment is a non-decreasing function of q, the shadow value of capital. Relative to the case of reversible investment, the
Naval Air Station Kodiak

CAPT Scott “Rattler” Smithson, weeks away from being relieved of duty at an air station that had achieved a performance record of virtual perfection, has received a surprise message from his Regional Commander that he fears will disrupt everything he'd worked so hard to achieve. The message indicates that the Commander Navy Installations Command (CNIC) headquarters had just issued a directive to all Regional Commanders to propose adjustments to reduce their annual operating budgets by 3% (i.e., reduce their total annual authorized funding level by 3%) without sacrificing required performance levels. Smithson wonders how he will run an air station with 3% fewer funds than his annual budget allows when it's already four months into the fiscal year. Excerpt UVA-C-2321 May 4, 2011 NAVAL AIR STATION KODIAK It was a Monday morning when CAPT Scott “Rattler” Smithson leaned back in his desk chair and wondered, “Why me?” Here he was, only weeks away from being relieved of duty at an air station that had achieved a performance record of virtual perfection, only to have received a surprise message from his Regional Commander the previous Friday that he feared would disrupt everything he'd worked so hard to achieve. The message indicated that the Commander Navy Installations Command (CNIC) headquarters had just issued a directive to all Regional Commanders that they propose adjustments that would enable them to reduce their annual operating budget by 3% (i.e., reduce their total annual authorized funding level by 3%) without sacrificing required performance levels. Smithson asked himself, “How do they expect me to run an air station with 3% fewer funds than my annual budget allows when we're already four months into the fiscal year?” Smithson had called in each of his department heads in individually late on Friday to give them “the good news.” He directed them to look at their execution to date and come back with ideas on how they could deliver the Regional Commander's required level of performance with 3% less annual funding for the coming year. Anticipating that this just might be the first shoe to fall, he also instructed them to assume they would receive an additional 5% cut the following year and to decide what actions they should take the year after that as well. Smithson could tell by the look on their faces that they shared his pessimism regarding their ability to comply with the Regional Commander's requirements. Understanding the severity of the challenge at hand, Smithson had spent the past weekend looking over his financial and performance reports (Exhibits 1 and 2) after reviewing the financial and performance guidance provided by his Regional Commander (Exhibits 3 and 4). He outlined a series of questions that he felt would give him better insight into how he might go about dealing with this challenge. . . .
Compulsive drinking is associated with neural activity patterns reflecting diminished behavioral control and enhanced seeking representations in dorsal medial prefrontal cortex

Drinking despite negative consequences (compulsive drinking) is a central contributor to high-risk alcohol intake and is associated with poor treatment outcomes in humans. We used a rodent model of compulsive drinking to examine the role played by dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), a brain region involved in maladaptive decision-making in addiction, in this clinically critical phenomenon. We developed novel advances in principal component and change point analyses to dissect neural population representations of specific decision-making variables. Compulsive subjects showed weakened representations of behavioral control signals that relate to drinking within a trial, but strengthened session-wide seeking state representations that were associated with drinking engagement at the start of each drinking opportunity. Finally, chemogenetic-based excitation of dmPFC prevented escalation of compulsive drinking. Collectively, these data indicate that compulsive drinking is associated with alterations in dmPFC neural activity that underlie diminished behavioral control and enhanced seeking.
Vaughan Jones, Kolmogorov Complexity, and the New Complexity Landscape around Circuit Minimization

We survey recent developments related to the Minimum Circuit Size Problem and time-bounded Kolmogorov Complexity.
The Impact of the Transition From In-Person to Remote Courses on MSW Students Due to COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has allowed social work educators to study its impact on social work students. This quantitative study presents the findings of a survey of Master of Social Work students regarding their experiences during the abrupt transition from in-person to remote learning in March 2020. Examining the impact through a change curve lens, the findings revealed that students moved through the change, going from shock and denial to acceptance of the new learning situation. The majority of students had both the technical skills and privacy they needed to learn. However, they did experience an increase in stress and struggled with maintaining concentration while attending remote classes, participating in class, and feeling a connection with students and faculty. They preferred synchronous content delivery and a combination of synchronous and asynchronous delivery. Contributing to an emerging body of literature on the effects of COVID-19 on social work students, the findings from this study suggest that social work students are interested in incorporating remote learning into their education, and social work programs may need to adapt the delivery of their academic content. The findings also indicate a need for comprehensive institutional support to improve remote teaching methods and engage students in learning.
A Presidential Bromance: How Meme Culture Upsets Race, Gender, and Political Power Dynamics

The fictional interactions created between Obama and Biden in the BROTUS internet memes, a collection of memes highlighting a imagined bromance between President Obama and Vice President Joe Biden,...
Admissible subalgebras and projections onto them

In this chapter we give several measure-theoretical results. In particular we define the notion of admissible subalgebra of M∞ and we study the projections onto such subalgebras.
Colorado Tick Fever and Related Coltivirus Infections

Accounts of “mountain fever” first appeared in the mid-19th century among Rocky Mountain settlers. Although this term likely included several infectious diseases, a relatively mild form of fever was endemic in the area, associated with headache, arthralgia, and myalgia that occurred in the spring and early summer and very likely represented Colorado tick fever (CTF). CTF virus (CTFV) is the prototypic member of the Coltivirus genus, a member of the family Reoviridae. A few other tick-borne coltiviruses have been associated with rare cases of human illness, including Salmon River virus isolated from a patient with CTF-like illness in Idaho and Eyach virus isolated in Europe. This chapter first discusses the etiologic agent, biology, life cycle and zoonotic hosts of CTFV. Then, it describes epidemiology, geography, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of CTF.