cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
DOMAIN WALLS , BLOCH-LINE VORTICES AND THEIR RESONANCES IMAGED IN GARNET FILMS USING COTTON-MOUTON MAGNETO-OPTICS

Microscopic images of domain walls, Bloch-lines, magnetic vortices, and their resonances in iron-garnet films are formed using the magneto-optical Cotton-Mouton effect (CM). Results reported in 1984 which were the first to image Bloch-lines optically, are summarized. In our sample epitaxial garnet film of Eu0.7Tm0.5Ga0.85:YIG, the domain moments lie in the [100] film plane. A pattern created with ion irradiation stabilizes the in-plane domains along fourfold “easy axes” [110]. CM microphotographs of 180 ° Neel walls show that multiple Bloch-line vortices may be present. A single vortex occurs at the intersection of two 90 ° Neel walls. For two 90 ° walls intersecting orthogonally, the motions observed at resonance induced with in-plane rf fields reveal the vortex motion is circular. The frequency of resonance depends on the length of the intersecting walls. Resonances appear at 24, 15.5 and 13 MHz for wall lengths 14, 28 and 35 µm respectively. Slonczewski estimated theoretically that the contribution of the effective areal mass of the 90 ° walls to the resonance frequency is negligible. His model resonances based on restoring forces arising from stray field energy when walls displace from equilibrium, are found in reasonable agreement with the experiment. The circular motion at resonance essentially involves precessions of just those electron spins within the invisibly small vortex-core region, and it confirms experimentally the existence of a Magnus force orthogonal to the velocity of a simple quantized magnetic vortex. The vortex core in our film carries magnetic film-normal flux equal 3% of a flux quantum, ch/2e. Very recently, Park, et al [Phys. Rev. B, vol. 67, 020403(R)] formed MFM images of single vortices isolated in Permalloy nano particles and measured their time-resolved impulse response. We briefly compare the magneto dynamics they observed with our observations in the garnet film when the vortex is part of a wall network.
Abstract 348: The Association of Intravascular Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with 30-Day Readmission

Objective: Early readmission within 30 days (30DR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) contributes towards excessive health care costs. The use of intravascular coronary ultrasound (IVUS) during PCI and its association with hospital costs and 30-day readmission (30DR) has not been examined. Methods: We used the national State Inpatient Database (SID) from 8 states with 30 day follow-up to identify the association of IVUS with 30DR and hospital costs. IVUS was identified via CPT codes 37250 and 37251. The main outcome variable was 30DR. The association of IVUS with 30DR and costs was identified via a multivariable hierarchical models (with site as a random variable) adjusting for confounders of 30DR and costs. We also analyzed interactions of IVUS with PCI indication and number of vessels treated. Results: Among 539,045 patients undergoing PCI, IVUS was used in 7.8% cases. 30DR occurred in 68,939 (12.8%) patients. 30DR occurred in 63,721 (12.8%) patients in the non-IVUS group and 5,218 (12.2%) in the IVUS group. When adjusted for confounders, IVUS was associated with a lower risk of 30DR (OR 0.993; 95% CI, 0.896 to 0.971, P < 0.0001). Although interactions with PCI indication and number of vessel treated were not statistically significant, there was a weak trend towards lower 30DR rates among STEMI and NSTEMI patients as well as patients undergoing PCI of greater than 1 vessel (Figure 1). Finally, use of IVUS cost an incremental $2,099 when adjusted for other confounders of costs. Conclusions: In this large national database, we found that IVUS-guided PCI is associated with a lower rate of 30DR after PCI. We observed weak trends of greater benefit in patients with acute coronary syndromes and PCI of greater than 1 vessel. However, this advantage was offset by higher incremental costs of IVUS use. Further studies are needed to formally evaluate the cost-effectiveness of IVUS for 30DR. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
CO2 Sorption Performance of Composite Polymer/Aminosilica Hollow Fiber Sorbents: An Experimental and Modeling Study

The dynamic CO2 sorption performance of polymer/silica supported polyethylenimine hollow fiber sorbents (CA-S-PEI), focusing on heat and mass transport effects, is investigated experimentally and computationally during sorption of CO2 from simulated, dry flue gases. The effect of the nonisothermality on the sorption performance is investigated by varying the module materials of construction. The heat effects are minimized by using a heat conductive module case with a diameter of 0.25 in., and, accordingly, the breakthrough capacities are increased by 30% over a similar module constructed from less conductive components, thereby improving fiber sorbents utilization efficiency. The sorption kinetics in CA-S-PEI hollow fiber sorbents are investigated in terms of flow rates, module packing fraction, module length, and silica particle size. A mathematical model developed previously is successfully utilized to predict various contributions to the overall mass transfer resistance. In fiber sorbents where the ami...
OFFICE DETECTION OF GYNECOLOGIC MALIGNANCY; IS IT A REALITY?

Is the medical profession fulfilling its obligation to make every physician's office a cancer detection center? A survey of physicians in Milwaukee County indicates that it is not. In no category of medical practice, not even obstetrics and gynecology, was there 100 per cent application of the Papanicolaou test. Neither was there 100 per cent application of dilatation and curettage for postmenopausal bleeding in any category. An encouraging disclosure was the routine performance of endometrial biopsy as a screening test by almost 59 per cent of the obstetricians.
Complications Associated with TMJ TJR: Management and Prevention

As with any surgical procedure, complications can and will develop, requiring further management. Adverse outcomes may be related to, or affected by the patient’s medical and/or surgical history, the surgeon’s diagnosis and experience, and the patient’s compliance with pre- and postoperative instructions.
Reactive Control Strategy for Symmetrical Low Voltage Ride Through of Photovoltaic System Based on RTDS

The active and reactive power decoupling control of photovoltaic system is analyzed in this paper. The DCDC and DC-AC duel-stage PV inverter model are built on the platform of RTDS real-time simulation system. A new control strategy for PV system low voltage ride through( LVRT) is proposed. In the case of symmetrical grid drop fault,PV system outputs some reactive power to the grid for voltage restore without more reactive power equipment installation. The feasibility and effectiveness of the control strategy is verified by simulation and experiment on the RTDS real-time simulation system platform.
Bayesian variable selection for post-analytic interrogation of susceptibility loci.

Summary Understanding the complex interplay among protein coding genes and regulatory elements requires rigorous interrogation with analytic tools designed for discerning the relative contributions of overlapping genomic regions. To this aim, we offer a novel application of Bayesian variable selection (BVS) for classifying genomic class level associations using existing large meta-analysis summary level resources. This approach is applied using the expectation maximization variable selection (EMVS) algorithm to typed and imputed SNPs across 502 protein coding genes (PCGs) and 220 long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that overlap 45 known loci for coronary artery disease (CAD) using publicly available Global Lipids Gentics Consortium (GLGC) (Teslovich et al., 2010; Willer et al., 2013) meta-analysis summary statistics for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The analysis reveals 33 PCGs and three lncRNAs across 11 loci with >50% posterior probabilities for inclusion in an additive model of association. The findings are consistent with previous reports, while providing some new insight into the architecture of LDL-cholesterol to be investigated further. As genomic taxonomies continue to evolve, additional classes such as enhancer elements and splicing regions, can easily be layered into the proposed analysis framework. Moreover, application of this approach to alternative publicly available meta-analysis resources, or more generally as a post-analytic strategy to further interrogate regions that are identified through single point analysis, is straightforward. All coding examples are implemented in R version 3.2.1 and provided as supplemental material.
Gain in Body Fat Is Associated with Increased Striatal Response to Palatable Food Cues, whereas Body Fat Stability Is Associated with Decreased Striatal Response.

Cross-sectional brain-imaging studies reveal that obese versus lean humans show greater responsivity of reward and attention regions to palatable food cues, but lower responsivity of reward regions to palatable food receipt. However, these individual differences in responsivity may result from a period of overeating. We conducted a repeated-measures fMRI study to test whether healthy weight adolescent humans who gained body fat over a 2 or 3 year follow-up period show an increase in responsivity of reward and attention regions to a cue signaling impending milkshake receipt and a simultaneous decrease in responsivity of reward regions to milkshake receipt versus adolescents who showed stability of or loss of body fat. Adolescents who gained body fat, who largely remained in a healthy weight range, showed increases in activation in the putamen, mid-insula, Rolandic operculum, and precuneus to a cue signaling impending milkshake receipt versus those who showed stability of or loss of body fat, though these effects were partially driven by reductions in responsivity among the latter groups. Adolescents who gained body fat reported significantly greater milkshake wanting and milkshake pleasantness ratings at follow-up compared to those who lost body fat. Adolescents who gained body fat did not show a reduction in responsivity of reward regions to milkshake receipt or changes in responsivity to receipt and anticipated receipt of monetary reward. Data suggest that initiating a prolonged period of overeating may increase striatal responsivity to food cues, and that maintaining a balance between caloric intake and expenditure may reduce striatal, insular, and Rolandic operculum responsivity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This novel, repeated-measures brain-imaging study suggests that adolescents who gained body fat over our follow-up period experienced an increase in striatal responsivity to cues for palatable foods compared to those who showed stability of or loss of body fat. Results also imply that maintaining a balance between caloric intake and expenditure over time may reduce striatal, insular, and Rolandic operculum responsivity to food cues, which might decrease risk for future overeating.
Transforming Equality-UN Women in Eastern and Southern Africa

The report presents a glimpse into some of the activities that have had measurable impacts and that are scalable with donor support that have been done by UN Women Easterna and Southern Africa. UN Women ESAR hopes that this overview will leave you with one key question: if UN Women’s Eastern and Southern Africa Region could achieve so much in the brief few years of its existence and with limited resources, what could it achieve in future given more time and more support. In July 2010, the United Nations General Assembly created the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women). In doing so, UN Member States took an historic step in accelerating the Organization’s goals on gender equality and the empowerment of women. UN Women merges and builds on the important work of four previously distinct parts of the UN System: Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW); International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women (INSTRAW); Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues and Advancement of Women (OSAGI); and United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM).
Potential of Small Molecule-Mediated Reprogramming of Rod Photoreceptors to Treat Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Purpose Mutations in rod photoreceptor genes can cause retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Rod gene expression is regulated by the nuclear hormone receptor, Nr2e3. Genetic deletion of Nr2e3 reprograms rods into cells that resemble cone photoreceptors, and might therefore prevent their death from some forms of RP. There are no identified ligands for Nr2e3; however, reverse agonists might mimic the genetic rescue effect and may be therapeutically useful for the treatment of RP. Methods We screened for small molecule modulators of Nr2e3 using primary retinal cell cultures and characterized the most potent, which we have named photoregulin1 (PR1), in vitro and in vivo. We also tested the ability of PR1 to slow the progression of photoreceptor degeneration in two common mouse models of autosomal dominant RP, the RhoP23H and the Pde6brd1 mutations. Results In developing retina, PR1 causes a decrease in rod gene expression and an increase in S opsin+ cones. Photoregulin1 continues to inhibit rod gene expression in adult mice. When applied to two mouse models of RP, PR1 slows the degeneration of photoreceptors. Conclusions Chemical compounds identified as modulators of Nr2e3 activity may be useful for the treatment of RP through their effects on expression of disease-causing mutant genes.
Homeless Microaggressions: Implications for Education, Research, and Practice

ABSTRACTHomeless individuals, often marginalized, are a group not yet explored in the microaggressions literature. However, research indicates that homeless individuals experience discrimination in a variety of contexts by well-meaning providers. This article outlines several microaggressive themes based on the current literature. The themes posited here include the following: Sub-human Status; Invisibility; Aesthetically Unappealing; Criminal Status/Dangerous; Assumption of Mental Illness; Assumption of Substance Abuse; Laziness; and Intellectual Inferiority. The manifestations and messages conveyed within each theme are discussed. Implications for social work education/training, research, and practice based on the themes are delineated.
Friction Sliding of Elastic Bodies in the Presence of Subsurface Inclusions

We study the problem of contact of two elastic half spaces made of identical materials one of which contains a subsurface inclusion that differ from the matrix solely by the coefficient of linear thermal expansion. The bodies are subjected to the simultaneous action of compressive forces and heating. The stress-strain state of the bodies is represented via the height of the gap and the relative shift of the surfaces in the zones of sliding. A system of two singular integral equations is obtained to determine these characteristics. One of these equations is solved analytically and the second equation is solved numerically. The dependences of the widths of the gap and the zone of sliding and contact stresses on the applied load are analyzed.
Liquid-based cytology for the diagnosis of solid pancreatic tumors with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration: Can we dismiss conventional smear?

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has become crucial for the management of pancreatic tumors1. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) has proven to be effective for the cytopathological characterization of several malignancies; however, its value in the approach of pancreatic neoplasms is not fully established yet2-4. With great interest, we carefully read the retrospective study conducted by Hashimoto and colleagues, which reported higher sensitivity and accuracy rates with LBC for diagnosing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) when compared to conventional smear (CS)5. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Lung resident memory CD4 T cells promote chronic inflammation in allergic asthma (MUC1P.910)

Common household allergens, like infectious agents, are often encountered at epithelial barrier surfaces within the lung and can sometimes cause allergic asthma. Whereas lung resident memory T cells (TRM) protect against recurrent respiratory infection, allergen-induced CD4 TRM could have deleterious effects, initiating chronic inflammation and recurrent asthma symptoms. We sought to investigate whether lung CD4 TRM are generated in asthma and their role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. To this end, mice were inoculated intranasally with house dust mite (HDM) extract (a common household allergen) for three weeks to induce the characteristic symptoms of asthma. The sensitized mice were then rested for 4 weeks and the CD4 population within the lung analyzed. Chronic allergen exposure induces TRM-like CD4 T cells with the characteristic high expression of CD69. HDM-induced TRM are long-lived and persist for weeks in the lung parenchyma after cessation of HDM exposure. Lung CD4 TRM cluster around the bronchioles and are rapidly activated upon subsequent exposure to the allergen. This local activation of CD4 TRM was accompanied by activation of dendritic cells within the lung. These data suggest that early activation of allergen-induced lung CD4 TRM might be an initiating step in the cascade of events that are involved in recurrent asthma episodes.
Nanoscale Terahertz Emission Spectroscopy

By utilizing plasmonic coupling to an AFM probe, we demonstrate Laser Terahertz Emission Nanoscopy (LTEN) with sub-20 nm resolution. We demonstrate the resolution by imaging a single gold nanorod on an InAs substrate.
Heritage Place Building Theory, Heritage Impact Assessment and the Role of the Sacred Dimension:

Heritage properties increasingly face a number of core challenges to their management and conservation. Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA), especially that which focuses on UNESCO’s notion of outstan...
Reevaluation of Positivity Cutoff Values for the Pneumococcal Urinary Antigen Detection Assay.

To improve the clinical diagnosis of pneumococcal infection in bacteremic and nonbacteremic community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), a Luminex technology-based multiplex urinary antigen detection (UAD) diagnostic assay was developed and validated. The UAD assay is a limit assay based on defined
When Art Disrupts Religion: Aesthetic Experience and the Evangelical Mind: Philip S. Francis. New York: Oxford University Press, 2017. 232 pp. Hardcover. $29.95. ISBN 978-0-1902-7976-9.

In his book, When Art Disrupts Religion, Francis provides a look into what happens when individuals from some of the more conservative evangelical communities encounter art. This book examines how ...
Perigraft air mimicking infection on CT angiography following open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Abstract Aortic graft infection is a feared complication after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair secondary to its high mortality. Perigraft air is a common finding after open aortic aneurysm repair; however, it is also associated with aortic graft infection. Delineating between graft infection and common postoperative finding is a challenge. This is further complicated by use of hemostatic agents such as Gelfoam, which is also documented to cause perigraft air. Correct diagnosis has crucial implications in management of potential aortic graft infection, which is a vascular emergency. We report a case of perigraft air in a patient status after open aortic aneurysm repair with associated clinical manifestations of infection in whom conservative management and surveillance was selected for treatment. We then discuss the timeline of perigraft air, potential causation, importance of history, and physical examination, and finally, we discuss how specific findings on computed tomography imaging for infection in other areas may be useful in aortic graft infection.
UTDallas-PLTL: Advancing multi-stream speech processing for interaction assessment in peer-led team learning

Robust speech processing for single-stream audio data has achieved significant progress in the last decade. However, multi-stream speech processing poses new challenges not present in single-stream data. The peer-led team learning (PLTL) is a teaching paradigm popular among US universities for undergraduate education in STEM courses. In collaboration with UTDallas Student Success Center, we collected CRSS-PLTL and CRSS-PLTL-II corpora for assessment of speech communications in PLTL sessions. Both corpora consist of longitudinal recordings of five teams studying undergraduate Chemistry and Calculus courses consisting of 300 hours of speech data. The multi-stream audio data has unique challenges: (i) time-synchronization; (ii) multi-stream speech processing for speech activity detection, speaker diarization and linking, speech recognition, and (iii) behavioral informatics. We used a 1 kHz tone at the start and end of each session for time-synchronization of multi-stream audio. We leveraged auto-encoder neural network for combining MFCC features from multiple streams into compact bottleneck features. After diarization, each speaker segment is analyzed for behavioral metrics such as (i) dominance; (ii) curiosity in terms of question inflections; (iii) speech rate; (iv) cohesion; and (v) turn-duration and turn-taking patterns. Results are presented on individual and team based conversational interactions. This research suggests new emerging opportunities for wearable speech systems in education research.
Adaptive Homeostasis and the Free Radical Theory of Ageing

Abstract The Free Radical Theory of Ageing, was first proposed by Denham Harman in the mid-1950's, based largely on work conducted by Rebeca Gerschman and Daniel Gilbert. At its core, the Free Radical Theory of Ageing posits that free radical and related oxidants, from the environment and internal metabolism, cause damage to cellular constituents that, over time, result in an accumulation of structural and functional problems. Several variations on the original concept have been advanced over the past six decades, including the suggestion of a central role for mitochondria-derived reactive species, and the proposal of an age-related decline in the effectiveness of protein, lipid, and DNA repair systems. Such innovations have helped the Free Radical Theory of Aging to achieve widespread popularity. Nevertheless, an ever-growing number of apparent ‘exceptions’ to the Theory have seriously undermined its acceptance. In part, we suggest, this has resulted from a rather simplistic experimental approach of knocking-out, knocking-down, knocking-in, or overexpressing antioxidant-related genes to determine effects on lifespan. In some cases such experiments have yielded results that appear to support the Free Radical Theory of Aging, but there are just as many published papers that appear to contradict the Theory. We suggest that free radicals and related oxidants are but one subset of stressors with which all life forms must cope over their lifespans. Adaptive Homeostasis is the mechanism by which organisms dynamically expand or contract the homeostatic range of stress defense and repair systems, employing a veritable armory of signal transduction pathways (such as the Keap1-Nrf2 system) to generate a complex profile of inducible and enzymatic protection that best fits the particular need. Viewed as a component of Adaptive Homeostasis, the Free Radical Theory of Aging appears both viable and robust.
Nonlinear Enhancement of Onset for Robust Speech Recognition

In this paper we present a novel algorithm called Suppression of Slowly-varying components and the Falling edge of the power envelope (SSF) to enhance spectral features for robust speech recognition, especially in reverberant environments. This algorithm is motivated by the precedence effect and by the modulation frequency characteristics of the human auditory system. We describe two slightly different types of processing that differ in whether or not the falling edges of power trajectories are suppressed using a lowpassed power envelope signal. The SSF algorithms can be implemented for online processing. Speech recognition results show that this algorithm provides especially good robustness in reverberant environments. 1
ECOSEL: An Auction Mechanism for Forest Ecosystem Services

This paper describes the foundations of a market mechanism that was designed to stimulate more efficient provisions of forest ecosystem services to society. The proposed tool is a competitive multi-unit public goods subscription game of incomplete information. A conceptual and mathematical characterization of the game is followed by an illustrative example where Pareto-efficient bundles of timber, carbon and mature forest habitat services of a real forest are used in a simulated bidding game. Attractive features of the mechanism include the use of multi-criteria optimization to ensure only the most cost-efficient bundles of ecosystem services are offered for bidding, and that it does not rely on regulatory control or on complex valuation exercises that are otherwise needed in alternative methods such as the cap-and-trade scheme. MCFNS 2(2):99-116.
Technology and Behavioural Dynamics

Chapter 5 described partnering as joint production of public goods, and built a framework centred on collaboration technologies. This chapter applies the framework to three partnership types: (1) more is better partnerships (MBP) where contributions are simply added up; (2) expedient alliance partnerships (EAP) where actors combine complementary skills and resources to tackle a public goods problem; and (3) one for all partnerships (OAP) where results are best if one actor takes on the lion’s share of the contributions. The objective is to explore behavioural dynamics in these groups and to arrive at a set of concrete propositions to describe when partnerships are likely to fail or succeed.
Correlation between EVs and Other Loads in Probabilistic Load Flow for Distribution Systems

To date, most probabilistic studies have assumed independence between the various loads and other inputs on the distribution system. It is well know however, that this is typically not the case. The work presented in the paper expands upon a previous unbalanced three-phase probabilistic load flow study on a residential feeder with a 50 % penetration of electric vehicles, under three different charging schemes where different correlation scenarios between the load flow inputs are considered. The data for the probabilistic load flow study are derived from a voltage dependent time-variant deterministic load flow. Here the deterministic load flow data are examined further to gain a better understanding of the correlation between the customer and electric vehicle charging loads, and how different charging schemes may impact it further. Four different correlation scenarios are then created and details on how the probabilistic load flow inputs are created is also presented; demonstrating the need for better analysis on the correlation between system inputs. This paper hopes to open the discussion and start the push for future research into understanding the correlation and effects of various system inputs on the probabilistic nature of distribution systems, and how to apply this knowledge to future studies.
Buprenorphine in the real world: coming to terms with misuse and diversion.

The agonist substitution strategy, starting with methadone maintenance treatment discovered in the 1960s, has been a major advance in pharmacotherapy for opioid use disorder, converting an often re...
Generalized Bayesian Factor Analysis for Integrative Clustering with Applications to Multi-Omics Data

Integrative clustering is a clustering approach for multiple datasets, which provide different views of a common group of subjects. It enables analyzing multi-omics data jointly to, for example, identify the subtypes of diseases, cells, and so on, capturing the complex underlying biological processes more precisely. On the other hand, there has been a great deal of interest in incorporating the prior structural knowledge on the features into statistical analyses over the past decade. The knowledge on the gene regulatory network (pathways) can potentially be incorporated into many genomic studies. In this paper, we propose a novel integrative clustering method which can incorporate the prior graph knowledge. We first develop a generalized Bayesian factor analysis (GBFA) framework, a sparse Bayesian factor analysis which can take into account the graph information. Our GBFA framework employs the spike and slab lasso (SSL) prior to impose sparsity on the factor loadings and the Markov random field (MRF) prior to encourage smoothing over the adjacent factor loadings, which establishes a unified shrinkage adaptive to the loading size and the graph structure. Then, we use the framework to extend iCluster+, a factor analysis based integrative clustering approach. A novel variational EM algorithm is proposed to efficiently estimate the MAP estimator for the factor loadings. Extensive simulation studies and the application to the NCI60 cell line dataset demonstrate that the propose method is superior and delivers more biologically meaningful outcomes.
An analysis of external quality control results of iodine deficiency disorders network laboratories in Ningxia from 2002 to 2012

Objective To analyze the examination results of external quality assessment (EQA),at all levels of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) network laboratories in Ningxia Province and to further standardize and improve the laboratory,and to provide a reliable laboratory quality assurance for surveillance and control of IDD.Methods The examination results of EQA at all levels of IDD laboratories in Ningxia Province were statistically analyzed in accordance with the National Reference Laboratory (NRL) of IDD (2002-2011).Results Laboratory hardware equipment and technology at all levels met the testing requirements,and qualified rate of quality control increased year by year.Both of the response rate and qualification rate of urine iodine laboratories at provincial level were 100％ in the past decade.From 2005 on,the response rate of city laboratories had been 100％,and the qualification rate had been 100％ since 2007.The response rate and qualification rate of salt iodine laboratories at both the provincial level and the city level were 100％ in the past decade.The response rate of salt iodine laboratories at county level had been 100％ since 2004,and the qualification rate had been 100％ since 2009.Salt iodine and urinary iodine levels were "fully qualified" for the past three years at provincial,municipal and county levels.Conclusions All levels of IDD network laboratory in Ningxia Province runs good,EQA is fully qualified,and is able to provide a reliable laboratory quality assurance for surveillance and control of IDD. Key words: Urine; Salts; Iodine; Laboratory ; Quality control
Modeling of Magnetoelectric Antennas for Circuit Simulations in Magnetic Sensing Applications

This paper introduces a behavioral circuit model for a magnetoelectric (ME) antenna, which is a novel miniaturized device with applications in low-power sensing. To facilitate the design of integrated circuits interfaced to the antenna, its model accounts for the amplitude modulation behavior observed during measurements of the nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) device when subjected to an AC magnetic field and a DC biasing field. We propose a dynamic model for transient simulations, and show that the model characteristics match the experimentally obtained behavior of the ME antenna. As an example, the model is demonstrated through simulations of a sensor circuit for magnetic fields in the 282 microTesla to 28 milliTesla range.
Insights from the comparison of genomic variants from two influenza B viruses grown in the presence of human antibodies in cell culture.

Understanding the extent and limitation of viral genome evolution can provide insight about potential drug and vaccine targets. Influenza B Viruses (IBVs) infect humans in a seasonal manner and causes significant morbidity and mortality. IBVs are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome and can be divided into two antigenically distinct lineages. The two lineages have been circulating and further evolving for almost four decades. The immune response to IBV infection can lead to antibodies that target the strain causing the infection. Some antibodies are cross-reactive and are able to bind strains from both lineages but, because of antigenic drift and immunodominance, both lineages continue to evolve and challenge human health. Here we investigate changes in the genomes of an IBVs from each lineage after passage in tissue culture in the presence of human sera containing polyclonal antibodies directed toward antigenically and temporally distinct viruses. Our previous analysis of the fourth segment, which encodes the major surface protein HA, revealed a pattern of change in which signature sequences from one lineage mutated to the signature sequences of the other lineage. Here we analyze genes from the other genomic segments and observe that most of the quasispecies’ heterogeneity occurs at the same loci in each lineage. The nature of the variants at these loci are investigated and possible reasons for this pattern are discussed. This work expands our understanding of the extent and limitations of genomic change in IBV.
Monitoring cerebral autoregulation in adults undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation using diffuse correlation spectroscopy

Effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment is a life saving treatment for patients that undergo cardiac or pulmonary arrest and is increasingly being used in adults. However, some adults develop brain injuries during treatment. Current neuroimaging techniques such as CT and MRI are inaccessible for these patients due to the high risk in moving them. In this study, we use diffuse correlation spectroscopy to non-invasively monitor cerebral blood flow in patients at the bedside during ECMO treatment. Using this data alongside physiological data, indices of cerebral autoregulation are calculated to observe how ECMO affects neurological health.
Estimation of cutpoint temperature under uncertain feed composition and process conditions using artificial intelligence methods

Abstract Crude distillation unit (CDU) is the most energy-consuming and energy deficient process in a refinery, hence saving energy consumption in its operation is the main target. The CDU separates crude oils into light gas streams, naphtha, kerosene, diesel, atmospheric gasoil and residue. The cutpoint temperature management dictates the quantity and quality of the products, therefore a proper model for determination of its causes and effects is fundamental. The cutpoint temperature heavily depends on the composition of crude-oil and process conditions. In this study, the effect of uncertainty in process conditions, such as temperature, pressure, flow rates, etc., and feed composition on cutpoint temperature is researched. A hybrid approach based on Taguchi method and genetic algorithm is used to derive optimum cutpoint temperature for different variants of feed composition and process conditions. Then, an artificial neural networks (ANN) model is developed to predict the optimum cutpoint temperature by eliminating the need for the hybrid approach. The method is validated with two Pakistani crudes oils from the Zamzama field, where the ANN predicted the cutpoint temperature with enough accuracy for industrial application.
Cocaine elevates Calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion 2 (CAPS2) in the mouse orbitofrontal cortex

Calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion 2 (CAPS2; also referred to as CADPS2) is a dense core vesicle-associated protein that promotes the activity-dependent release of neuropeptides including neurotrophins. Addictive drugs appear to prime neurotrophin release in multiple brain regions, but mechanistic factors are still being elucidated. Here, experimenters administered cocaine to adolescent mice at doses that potentiated later cocaine self-administration. Experimenter-administered cocaine elevated the CAPS2 protein content in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC; but not striatum) multiple weeks after drug exposure. Meanwhile, proteins that are sensitive to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) release and binding (phosphorylated protein kinase B and phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and GABAAα1 levels) did not differ between cocaine-exposed and naive mice in the OFC. This pattern is consistent with evidence that CAPS2 primes stimulated release of neurotrophins like BDNF, rather than basal levels. Thus, cocaine administered at behaviorally relevant doses elevates CAPS2 protein content in the OFC, and the effects are detected long after cocaine exposure.
CORR Insights ® : What is the Best Clinical Test for Assessment of the Teres Minor in Massive Rotator Cuff Tears?

A s the authors of the current study eloquently state, ‘‘The teres minor seems to be a forgotten muscle in the evaluation and management of rotator cuff disorders.’’ This statement is especially true in the setting of massive rotator cuff tears. However, recent research has allowed us to gain an understanding of the importance of the teres minor as it relates to clinical and functional outcomes in massive cuff tears. Simovitch et al. [5] demonstrated that a functional teres minor with less fatty infiltration (Grade 0, 1, or 2) resulted in an improved Constant score and better external rotation after reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Further, a recent study [4] found that the teres minor will hypertrophy when there is an infraspinatus tear, suggesting an overlap of function and the potential to gain function for external rotation even in patients with large posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. The current study focuses on our ability as clinicians to detect the function of the teres minor in massive rotator cuff tears, and determine the role the teres minor has in clinical outcomes. With the data presented, it appears that external rotation lag sign is an excellent test for teres minor dysfunction and can be used to predict teres minor dysfunction and clinical outcomes after reverse shoulder arthroplasty. This is important in educating the patient in the expected post-operative function after reverse shoulder arthroplasty.
Frequency hopped wireless passive sensing system with harmonic transponder antenna sensor

This paper presents a passive wireless sensing paradigm based on the harmonic transponder comprising an antenna covered with a metamaterial-inspired helical structure, which is sensitive to the liquid-level within. An interrogator transmits frequency hopped UHF RFID signals to the transponder, and a sniffer detects the harmonic signal from the transponder and decodes its RSSI array. A µL-resolution absolute accuracy sensing is demonstrated to support the low-cost ubiquitous liquid monitoring.
Excerpt from 'Identity and Invention: The Culture and Ethics of Personalized Medicine Patenting'

Personalized medicine has received attention from scholars and policy makers. This book contributes to the literature by focusing on the issues raised by patenting and commercialization in the field of personalized medicine. This excerpt, from a forthcoming book, presents the policy background and discussions of four case studies related to personalized medicine patenting: the Myriad breast cancer gene controversy, the Nitromed patent on a method for treating hypertension in black patients, the personalized medicine project by the Marshfield Clinic, and the pending controversy between Prometheus Labs and the Mayo Clinic before the United States Supreme Court.
Where Are We in the Education of Emotionally Disturbed Children

The major thesis of this paper is that some of the most dramatic gains in special education have been in the education of emotionally disturbed children. Unfortu nately, the converse is equally true — some of the most pressing needs in special education are evident in this area. A minor, though significant, theme is that, while the field of emotional disturbance has perhaps the most shallow pedogogical roots of any category of exceptionality in special education, it has the deepest philo sophical and psychological roots. This could be an asset in the present context of decline in support for professional schools of education. Other categorical areas of special education have had more primary affiliation with pedagogy, whereas the education of emotionally disturbed children has had more basic affiliation with psychology. I will first discuss the strengths of the area and selected accomplishments and changes during the past 20 years — the approximate total history — as a signifi cant area of education. I will then focus on some of the challenges and opportuni ties for growth.
Androgen receptor in breast cancer: expression in estrogen receptor-positive tumors and in estrogen receptor-negative tumors with apocrine differentiation

Androgens exert growth inhibitory effects on estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor-negative breast cancer cell lines that show androgen receptor expression. These laboratory findings may be translated into inexpensive alternative therapies for hormone receptor-negative invasive breast cancers. Our aim was to systematically evaluate androgen receptor expression by immunohistochemistry in invasive breast cancers. Androgen receptor (clone AR441, Dako) expression was analyzed on 189 well-characterized consecutive invasive breast carcinomas represented with threefold redundancy on tissue microarrays. Androgen receptor expression was semi-quantitated using a histochemical score-like method and a score >10 was considered positive. Of the 189 consecutive invasive breast cancers, 151 (80%) were positive and 38 (20%) were negative for androgen receptor. The majority (95%) of estrogen receptor-positive tumors were also androgen receptor positive. Of the estrogen receptor-negative tumors, androgen receptor reactivity was seen in 3 of 30 (10%) triple-negative cases and in 5/8 (63%) estrogen receptor-negative/progesterone receptor-negative/HER2+ cases. Six of eight estrogen receptor-negative/androgen receptor-positive cases showed apocrine differentiation. Androgen receptor expression in estrogen receptor-positive cases was associated with smaller tumor size (P=0.0001), lower Nottingham grade (P=0.002) and less frequent tumor cell necrosis (P=0.0001). Androgen receptor expression in estrogen receptor-negative tumors was associated with lower Nottingham grade (P=0.005) and apocrine differentiation (P=0.039). In conclusion, most estrogen receptor-positive breast tumors also express androgen receptor. Androgen receptor expression in estrogen receptor-negative/progesterone receptor-negative/HER2+ tumors (which commonly show apocrine differentiation) and a subset of triple - negative apocrine tumors suggest that these tumors together comprises the 'molecular apocrine' group described previously. However, these findings should be further confirmed on larger series of triple-negative and estrogen negative/progesterone negative/HER2+ tumors. Androgen receptor-targeted therapy in estrogen/progesterone receptor-negative tumors may provide an inexpensive alternative to usual high-dose chemotherapy with or without trastuzumab.
Value-based software engineering

Much of current software engineering practice and research is done in a value-neutral setting, in which every requirement, use case, object, and defect is treated as equally important; methods are presented and practiced as largely logical activities; and a "separation of concerns" is practiced, in which the responsibility of software engineers is confined to turning software requirements into verified code. In earlier times, when software decisions had relatively minor influences on a system's cost, schedule, and value, the value-neutral approach was reasonably workable. But today and increasingly in the future, software has a major influence on most systems' cost, schedule, and value; and value-neutral software decisions can seriously degrade project outcomes.This paper presents an agenda for a discipline of Value-Based Software Engineering. It accepts the challenge of integrating value considerations into all of the existing and emerging software engineering principles and practices, and of developing an overall framework in which they compatibly reinforce each other. Example elements of this agenda include value-based requirements engineering, architecting, design and development, verification and validation, planning and control, risk management, quality management, and people management. It presents seven key elements that provide candidate foundations for value-based software engineering: Benefits Realization Analysis; Stakeholder Value Proposition Elicitation and Reconciliation; Business Case Analysis; Continuous Risk and Opportunity Management; Concurrent System and Software Engineering; Value-Based Monitoring and Control; and Change as Opportunity.
Enterprise application integration using extensible Web services

This paper describes an approach to enterprise application integration (EAI) using extensible Web services. The approach is demonstrated by building a real-world application for EAI in the financial services domain. Business drivers for and approaches to EAI are presented first. The manifestation of Web services in general and their role in EAI are discussed next. Financial services domain characteristics are presented. Business drivers that entail a strong need for functional extensibility in the financial services domain are described. Our proposed architecture for EAI which addresses functional extensibility is described. This architecture is based on the notion of extensible Web services. We then present our implementation of the architecture and practical challenges encountered in EAI. A brief discussion of how our work relates to the current research in service-oriented computing (SOC) and semantic Web concludes the paper.
Magnetospheres of the planets

Scaling laws for possible outer planet magnetospheres are derived. These suggest that convection and its associated auroral effects will play a relatively smaller role than at Earth, and that there is a possibility that the outer planets could have significant radiation belts of energetic trapped particles.
Reversal of tyrosinamide-oligosaccharide derivatization by Edman degradation.

In a previous report (Tamura, T., Wadhwa, M.S., and Rice, K.G. (1994) Anal. Biochem. 216, 335-344) we described the derivatization of N-linked oligosaccharides with Boc-tyrosine resulting in the formation of tyrosinamide-oligosaccharides. Attachment of Boc-tyrosine to the reducing-end of an oligosaccharide through a glycosylamide linkage provides a hydrophobic chromophore that facilitates the purification of individual N-linked oligosaccharides derived from glycoproteins on preparative reverse-phase HPLC. In the present report we extend the utility of tyrosinamide-oligosaccharides by demonstrating two additional attributes of these glycoconjugates. Edman degradation was used to reverse both sialyl and asialyl tyrosinamide-oligosaccharide derivatives resulting in the formation of reducing oligosaccharides. These can be used as analytical standards for chromatography or can be further derivatized with other probes that react with the reducing-end of an oligosaccharide. Second, we report that the fluorescence of tyrosinamide-oligosaccharides allows their sensitive detection (5 pmol) on HPLC. These two attributes expand the versatility of tyrosinamide-oligosaccharides as glycoconjugates suitable for both analytical and biological studies.