cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Young Women Treating Men with Borderline Personality Disorder: A Challenge for Psychotherapy Integration

Young female therapists may struggle with treating heterosexual men who adhere to traditional masculine role norms. This challenge is exacerbated when these men present with borderline personality disorder. Certain evidence-based therapeutic interventions such as irreverent humor, confrontation, and teaching mentalization may require female therapists to violate typical female gender role expectations, which could be intimidating for some women. The authors use a clinical case study to demonstrate ways in which a young female therapist confronts her client’s devaluing behaviors while working through her conflicted feelings about gender role norms. A qualitative analysis revealed that through integrating therapeutic interventions the therapist addressed the client’s out of control sexual behaviors and interpersonal problems. Outcomes showed that over the course of treatment the client’s presenting problem shifted from managing his out of control sexual behaviors to self-reflecting and understanding his character flaws that interfere with the possibility of maintaining a healthy romantic relationship. The authors conclude with recommendations for new clinicians and supervisors, highlighting the importance of considering gender and implicit biases within the therapeutic relationship.
Fear and Loathing in Persuasive Writing

This is the test vehicle given to judges, including the nine variations of the Preliminary Statements. The results from this test were compiled and are presented in the article Fear and Loathing in Persuasive Writing: An Empirical Study of the Effects of the Negativity Bias (Forthcoming in Legal Communication & Rhetoric: JALWD).
Engineering cell fate: Applying synthetic biology to cellular reprogramming

Abstract Cellular reprogramming drives cells from one stable identity to a new cell fate. By generating a diversity of previously inaccessible cell types from diverse genetic backgrounds, cellular reprogramming is rapidly transforming how we study disease. However, low efficiency and limited maturity have limited the adoption of in vitro-derived cellular models. To overcome these limitations and improve mechanistic understanding of cellular reprogramming, a host of synthetic biology tools have been deployed. Recent synthetic biology approaches have advanced reprogramming by tackling three significant challenges to reprogramming: delivery of reprogramming factors, epigenetic roadblocks, and latent donor identity. In addition, emerging insight from the molecular systems biology of reprogramming reveal how systems-level drivers of reprogramming can be harnessed to further advance reprogramming technologies. Furthermore, recently developed synthetic biology tools offer new modes for engineering cell fate.
Health crisis situation awareness using mobile multiple modalities

Responding to health crises requires the deployment of accurate and timely situation awareness. Understanding the location of geographical risk factors could assist in preventing the spread of contagious diseases and the system developed, Covid ID, is an attempt to solve this problem through the crowd sourcing of machine learning sensor-based health related detection reports. Specifically, Covid ID uses mobile-based Computer Vision and Machine Learning with a multi-faceted approach to understanding potential risks related to Mask Detection, Crowd Density Estimation, Social Distancing Analysis, and IR Fever Detection. Both visible-spectrum and LWIR images are used. Real results for all modules are presented along with the developed Android Application and supporting backend.
Cross-Validation Indicates Predictive Models May Provide an Alternative to Indicator Organism Monitoring for Evaluating Pathogen Presence in Southwestern US Agricultural Water

Pathogen contamination of agricultural water has been identified as a probable cause of recalls and outbreaks. However, variability in pathogen presence and concentration complicates the reliable identification of agricultural water at elevated risk of pathogen presence. In this study, we collected data on the presence of Salmonella and genetic markers for enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC; PCR-based detection of stx and eaeA) in southwestern US canal water, which is used as agricultural water for produce. We developed and assessed the accuracy of models to predict the likelihood of pathogen contamination of southwestern US canal water. Based on 169 samples from 60 surface water canals (each sampled 1-3 times), 36% (60/169) and 21% (36/169) of samples were positive for Salmonella presence and EHEC markers, respectively. Water quality parameters (e.g., generic E. coli level, turbidity), surrounding land-use (e.g., natural cover, cropland cover), weather conditions (e.g., temperature), and sampling site characteristics (e.g., canal type) data were collected as predictor variables. Separate conditional forest models were trained for Salmonella isolation and EHEC marker detection, and cross-validated to assess predictive performance. For Salmonella, turbidity, day of year, generic E. coli level, and % natural cover in a 500-1,000ft (approx. 150-300m) buffer around the sampling site were the top 4 predictors identified by the conditional forest model. For EHEC markers, generic E. coli level, day of year, % natural cover in a 250-500ft (approx. 75-150m) buffer, and % natural cover in a 500-1,000ft (approx. 150-300m) buffer were the top 4 predictors. Predictive performance measures (e.g., area under the curve [AUC]) indicated predictive modeling shows potential as an alternative method for assessing the likelihood of pathogen presence in agricultural water. Secondary conditional forest models with generic E. coli level excluded as a predictor showed <0.01 difference in AUC as compared to the AUC values for the original models (i.e., with generic E. coli level included as a predictor) for both Salmonella (AUC=0.84) and EHEC markers (AUC=0.92). Our data suggests models that do not require the inclusion of microbiological data (e.g., indicator organism) show promise for real-time prediction of pathogen contamination of agricultural water (e.g., in surface water canals).
Investigation Of The Nanosecond Pulsed Guided Streamer Initiation And Breakdown Using A Ring-To-Plate Configuration

Recently atmospheric pressure pulsed plasma jets (APNPJs) receive great interests due to their applications in various fields including medicine, food processing, bacteria inactivation etc. The generation of repeatable and stable APNPJs is hence important to their efficient applications. Here, we report an experimental study of the streamer initiation and breakdown (i.e streamer to spark transition) of an APNPJ using a ring-to-plate configuration. Using He as the working gas, ~0.26 mm diameter microplasma jet is generated in ambient air when a 0.504 mm outer diameter hollow needle was powered by 200 ns high voltage pulses. The pulsed voltage with respect to the interelectrode gap distance, ranging from 1mm to 11mm, was studied for various pulse width (160 ns – 5 μs), pulse repetition frequency (1 Hz – 10 kHz), and gas flow rates from 35 SCCM to 210 SCCM. While increasing the voltage increases the breakdown probability, longer pulse width and higher repetition rate result in lower hold-off voltage. Moreover, the differences in voltage and current waveforms as well as the UV-visible emissions for the streamer and spark are discussed.
America's (Not So) Golden Door: Advocating For Awarding Full Workplace Injury Recovery to Undocumented Workers

Long before President John F. Kennedy famously proclaimed the United States of America a “nation of immigrants,” 1 the Statue of Liberty stood above New York Harbor as a beacon of our nation’s historically rich immigrant background. Since 1886, Lady Liberty has triumphantly posed as a proud symbol of freedom, refuge, and opportunity. 2 At the base of her iconic pose, Emma Lazarus’ immortal poem poignantly calls for the world’s tired and poor, and exhorts them to enter by the “golden door.” 3 Americana symbolism aside, this exhortation has proven quite paradoxical. Immigration has provided our country with unquestionable cultural richness, yet, at times, the country’s treatment of immigrants has contradicted fundamental notions of fairness and decency. 4 In recent decades, the bright light of the Statue of Liberty’s beacon and its underlying symbol have been dimmed and overshadowed by immigration controversy 5 and judicial im-
Geospatial Techniques to Assess High Mountain Hazards: A Case Study on California Rock Glacier and an Application for Management in the Andes

California rock glacier, located in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of Colorado, was used as a case study to exemplify the geospatial techniques needed to assess geomorphic hazards in mountainous regions. Horizontal and vertical velocities from 1983 to 1998 were calculated using GIS and photogrammetric techniques, and GPS measurements from 2003 to 2008 were used to supplement photogrammetric measurements. From 1983 to 1998, horizontal rates of flow averaged 57 cm/yr (± 3 cm/yr) and vertical thinning averaged 30 cm/yr (± 7 cm/yr) near the head of the rock glacier. GPS measurements from 2003 to 2008 indicate an average horizontal velocity of 52 cm/yr (± 5 cm/yr) for seven points extending from the midsection of the rock glacier to the toe. When comparing mean velocities, the rock glacier has experienced an overall slight deceleration; however, a detailed spatial evaluation of flow indicates GPS points 5–7 show an increase in horizontal velocity from 2003 to 2008 in an isolated section of the toe of the rock glacier. Regional climate data suggest that slightly drier and warmer conditions existed from 2003 to 2008, which may allow ice near the toe to deform more quickly. This region also contains the end of a longitudinal furrow that may funnel and accumulate water in a slightly concave toe. The water could act as a lubricant between shear planes or may warm ice, and allow it to flow more quickly. Although the observed change in horizontal velocity is not significant compared to other rock glaciers that are accelerating to over 300 cm/yr, the analysis has identified a potentially sensitive region of the rock glacier that should be monitored in the future. Mountain hazards, in the form of catastrophic rockfalls, moraine dammed lake outburst floods, avalanches, slumps, slides or others may become more prominent in changing climatic conditions; the GIS, remote sensing, and GPS techniques utilized in this study can easily be replicated or enhanced with other spatial, spectral, or temporal data to evaluate the potential for hazards in mountainous environments. A geospatial application for the Andes is discussed. Increased awareness of hazards and hydrological implications associated with receding glaciers could lead to proactive public participation and implementation of adaptive management strategies designed to adjust to short-term climate change.
Professional conduct of scientists during volcanic crises

Stress during volcanic crises is high, and any friction between scientists can distract seriously from both humanitarian and scientific effort. Friction can arise, for example, if team members do not share all of their data, if differences in scientific interpretation erupt into public controversy, or if one scientist begins work on a prime research topic while a colleague with longer-standing investment is still busy with public safety work. Some problems arise within existing scientific teams; others are brought on by visiting scientists. Friction can also arise between volcanologists and public officials. Two general measures may avert or reduce friction: (a) National volcanologic surveys and other scientific groups that advise civil authorities in times of volcanic crisis should prepare, in advance of crises, a written plan that details crisis team policies, procedures, leadership and other roles of team members, and other matters pertinent to crisis conduct. A copy of this plan should be given to all current and prospective team members. (b) Each participant in a crisis team should examine his or her own actions and contribution to the crisis effort. A personal checklist is provided to aid this examination. Questions fall generally in two categories: Are my presence and actions for the public good? Are my words and actions collegial, i.e., courteous, respectful, and fair? Numerous specific solutions to common crisis problems are also offered. Among these suggestions are: (a) choose scientific team leaders primarily for their leadership skills; (b) speak publicly with a single scientific voice, especially when forecasts, warnings, or scientific disagreements are involved; (c) if you are a would-be visitor, inquire from the primary scientific team whether your help would be welcomed, and, in general, proceed only if the reply is genuinely positive; (d) in publications, personnel evaluations, and funding, reward rather than discourage teamwork. Models are available from the fields of particle physics and human genetics, among others.
Understanding and Building upon Children's Perceptions of Play Activities in Early Childhood Programs

Early childhood educators are in agreement that children should spend part of each day engaged in play activities. Play is generally viewed by adults as a time when children direct their own activity. However, little discussion has focused on how children and teachers in the same classroom perceive playtime. This article reviews research on the differences between children's and teachers' views of play and presents a continuum of activities from work to play. Based upon observations of how one child was redirected during free playtime, the author suggests ways in which teachers might respect and foster children's play.
DETERMINING THE TERRESTRIAL, INCIDENT SOLAR FLUX ON AN ARBITRARILY ORIENTED SURFACE USING AVAILABLE SOLAR/WEATHER DATA

Five models for computing the total (direct and diffuse) incident solar flux on an arbitrarily oriented surface are presented. These models range from that for a clear sky to those including the effects of cloudiness. The results are calculated using fraction of sunshine and total horizontal solar radiation, data frequently available, and emperical data on the ratio of diffuse to total horizontal solar flux. The models are compared for typical U.S. locations but are applicable to other regions as well.
R-Cadherin Is a Pax6-Regulated, Growth-Promoting Cue for Pioneer Axons

The transcription factor Pax6 has been implicated in two processes that may be related in brain development: establishment of regional cell adhesion properties and axon guidance. In Pax6 mutant mouse embryos, forebrain pioneer axons make pathfinding errors. These errors occur in a region of the ventral thalamus in which the expression of the cell adhesion molecule R-cadherin (Cdh4) is lost in Pax6 mutants. In vitro, an R-cadherin substrate promoted pioneer axon outgrowth. Furthermore, pioneer axon outgrowth was rescued in vivo by selective replacement of R-cadherin by electroporation into cultured Pax6 mutant embryos. Thus, these studies implicate Pax6 as an early brain patterning gene that establishes regional adhesive codes to guide pioneer axons.
Implications of superhero metaphors for the issue of banking powers

Abstract This paper identifies five ways in which U.S. financial-services firms have defeated functional and geographic limitations that Congress and state legislatures designed into their charters. Far from waiting patiently for exclusionary statutes to change, firms have gambled on winning ex post permissions by engaging in aggressive cross-industry and interstate acquisitions and by exploiting technologically created loopholes in longstanding rules and regulation. The paper emphasizes the pressure exerted on bank regulators by cross-industry megamergers and by loophole-like opportunities available to federally chartered thrift institutions.
Metabolomics in cell culture—A strategy to study crucial metabolic pathways in cancer development and the response to treatment

Metabolomics is a comprehensive tool for monitoring processes within biological systems. Thus, metabolomics may be widely applied to the determination of diagnostic biomarkers for certain diseases or treatment outcomes. There is significant potential for metabolomics to be implemented in cancer research because cancer may modify metabolic pathways in the whole organism. However, not all biological questions can be answered solely by the examination of small molecule composition in biofluids; in particular, the study of cellular processes or preclinical drug testing requires ex vivo models. The major objective of this review was to summarise the current achievement in the field of metabolomics in cancer cell culture-focusing on the metabolic pathways regulated in different cancer cell lines-and progress that has been made in the area of drug screening and development by the implementation of metabolomics in cell lines.
On the Time-Bandwidth Proof in VLSI Complexity

A subtle fallacy in the original proof [1] that the computation time T is lowerbounded by a factor inversely proportional to the minimum bisection width of a VLSI chip is pointed out. A corrected version of the proof using the idea of conditionally self-delimiting messages is given.
Force control of a reciprocating surface grinder using unfalsification and learning concept

A plant model is an essential requirement in conventional methods for controller synthesis. However, it is possible to find a set of controllers that are not falsified by the performance specification or the measured data without any plant model or prejudicial assumptions. This concept is used to select and implement a force controller for a reciprocating surface grinder. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Observations on depth distribution, diversity and abundance of pelagic nemerteans from the Pacific Ocean off California and Hawaii

Abstract Meso- and bathypelagic nemerteans were collected during five cruises west of Pt. Conception, California, and one west of Oahu, Hawaii, from depths of 0–3800 m, using a 10 m 2 Tucker Trawl modified with a thermally protected closing cod end, as well as MOCNESS-10 and MOCNESS-1D trawls. In this study, about 53 putative species were collected off California and about 23 off Hawaii, with little taxonomic overlap between the two groups, as compared to 16 and 0 species previously known from these regions. Numbers of nemertean individuals and species were greatest between 625 and 1750 m off California, and 1300–2500 m off Hawaii. Abundance of nemerteans off California was about 10 times that off Hawaii. The Shannon– Wiener diversity index ( H ′) was higher for Hawaii than for California due to numerical dominance by two species, Phallonemertes cf murrayi and Nectonemertes cf mirabilis , off California and a more even species distribution off Hawaii. Neither of the two dominant California species showed evidence of nocturnal vertical migration to shallow water. This is the first report of a Phallonemertes species from the Pacific and the first report of pelagic nemerteans from waters off Hawaii.
Helping Patients Help Themselves: The Added Benefits of Remote Patient Monitoring to Home Health Care

The Johns Hopkins Home Care Group (JHHCG) developed standard protocols for management of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) in an effort to improve patient outcomes and reduce preventable hospital readmissions. JHHCG implemented Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM), a telemonitoring program customized for the CHF/COPD patient that provides real-time, daily reporting of qualitative and quantitative data as well as patient education/reinforcement. Patient data is trended on a web-based program and overseen by the Disease Management Nurse. Emerging trends are easily identified, allowing for early and appropriate intervention. This program sets itself apart because of the constant communication and aggressive management of the patient as a team (patient, RPM disease manager, field nurse, and physician). Key to the success of home care and RPM is access to and collaboration with a responsive, managing physician that oversees the patient based on their plan of care.
Exchange of chromosomal markers by natural transformation between the soil isolate,Pseudomonas stutzeri JM300, and the marine isolate,Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZoBell

Both the soil isolate,Pseudomonas stutzeri JM300, and the marine isolate,Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZoBell, have been shown previously to be naturally transformable. This study reports the detection of genetic exchange by natural transformation between these two isolates. Transformation frequency was determined by filter transformation procedures. Three independent antibiotic resistance loci were used as chromosomal markers to monitor this exchange event: resistance to rifampicin, streptomycin, and nalidixic acid. The maximum frequencies of transformation were on the order of 3.1 to 3.8×10-6 transformants per recipient; frequencies over an order of magnitude greater than those for spontaneous antibiotic resistance, although they are lower than those observed for soil: soil or marine: marine strain crosses. This exchange was inhibited by DNase I. Transformation was observed between soil and marine strains, both by filter transformation using purified DNA solutions and when transforming DNA was added in the form of viable donor cells. The results from this study support the close genetic relationship betweenP. stutzeri JM300 andP. stutzeri strain ZoBell. These results also further validate the utility ofP. stutzeri as a benchmark organism for modeling gene transfer by natural transformation in both soil and marine habitats.
Histogram-based classification with Gaussian mixture modeling for GBM tumor treatment response using ADC map

This study applied a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histograms to evaluate glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumor treatment response using diffusion weighted (DW) MR images. ADC mapping, calculated from DW images, has been shown to reveal changes in the tumor's microenvironment preceding morphologic tumor changes. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of features that represent changes from pre- and post-treatment tumor ADC histograms to detect treatment response. The main contribution of this work is to model the ADC histogram as the composition of two components, fitted by GMM with expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. For both pre- and post-treatment scans taken 5-7 weeks apart, we obtained the tumor ADC histogram, calculated the two-component features, as well as the other standard histogram-based features, and applied supervised learning for classification. We evaluated our approach with data from 85 patients with GBM under chemotherapy, in which 33 responded and 52 did not respond based on tumor size reduction. We compared AdaBoost and random forests classification algorithms, using ten-fold cross validation, resulting in a best accuracy of 69.41%.
Membrane and Bending Strain in Cylindrical Shell Vibrations

Cylindrical Shells are widely used in many structural designs, such as offshore structures, liquid storage tanks, submarine hulls, and airplane hulls. Most of these structures are required to operate in a dynamic environment. Therefore, investigating the dynamic characteristics of cylindrical shells is very critical in developing a strategy for modal vibration control for specific operating conditions. Reduction of vibration amplitudes and in sound radiation is most efficiently achieved at the design stage, and the acoustic signatures may be determined by considering operational scenarios, and modal characteristics. In cylindrical shells, mode shapes associated with each natural frequency are combination of Radial, Longitudinal, and Circumferential modes, and unlike those of beam structure, the lowest natural frequency does not necessarily correspond to the lowest wave index. In fact, the natural frequencies do not fall in ascending order of the wave index in cylindrical shells. The ratio of membrane strain energy to total strain energy is high for modes with simple modal patterns and decrease toward zero as the number of nodal (n) lines increase, while the ratio of bending energy to total strain energy is small for simple nodal patterns and increase with increase in complexity of it. Modes associated with membrane deformation require a lot of strain energy while modes associated with bending deformation require less strain energy. The lowest natural frequency occurs where the sum of the two energies are at minimum. Moreover, the natural frequencies that are controlled by membrane strain energy are approximately independent of the shell thickness change. In this paper, a scaled model of submarine hull segment under shear diaphragm boundary conditions is analyzed analytically and numerically. Then the experimental modal analysis of the scaled model utilizing strain gauges was performed to decouple the strain components. Designing a boundary condition that simulate a shear diaphragm is very challenging task by itself. The experimental data were correlated with those results obtained analytically and numerically using the finite element methods using MSC.NASTRAN software. The results were found to be in excellent agreement.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
A New Method of Initial Orbit Determination

We present a new method of initial orbit determination for angles-only data. The technique is applicable with only three data sets but the formalism can incorporate arbitrarily large amounts of data. The algorithm rests on the fact that the orbital plane is usually very well determined, as a consequence of the central nature of the gravitational force, and a theorem of W. R. Hamilton's from 1846. His result states that the velocity vector describes a circle in the orbital plane in a particular manner. Tests on a variety of deep-space artificial satellites show that the method has promise. Unfortunately it does not work very well on the stressing cases of current practical application-high eccentricity orbits. As no other method does either, the opportunities still exist for a significant advance in this area of celestial mechanics.
New Mexico's La Cocinita

There is a widely recognized form of serial that tends to be overlooked in formal discussions of periodicals, yet we have all seen them. Most of us have read them on occasion; some of us even read ...
Lateral and Longitudinal Variation of Hyporheic Exchange in a Piedmont Stream Pool

A conservative solute tracer experiment was conducted in Indian Creek, a small urban stream in Philadelphia, PA, to investigate the role of subsurface properties on the exchange between streamwater and the hyporheic zone (subsurface surrounding the stream). Sodium bromide (NaBr) was used as a conservative tracer, and it was monitored in the surface water and in the bed sediments of a 15 m long pool. Subsurface sampling occurred at 12 locations in the upper layer sediments (extending from 7.5 to 10 cm below the streambed) and 13 locations in the lower layer sediments (extending from 10 to 12.5 cm below the streambed). The hydraulic conductivity (K) of the upper bed sediments and the lower bed sediments was measured in situ. Several locations within the streambed exhibited an increase in tracer concentration with depth, suggesting the presence of horizontal flow paths within this small pool. Over the entire pool, the influence of K heterogeneity on hyporheic exchange was masked by the groundwater head gradient and the morphology of the stream. Together, the groundwater head gradient and stream morphology induced a generally high tracer concentration and fast hyporheic exchange on the left side and center of the channel and low concentrations and slower exchange on the right side. Although the reach-scale effects on the surface water concentration were small, groundwater greatly influenced the local-scale hyporheic exchange in the pool. Understanding how physical stream characteristics control the location and extent of hyporheic exchange pathways will lead to a better understanding of biogeochemical cycling of nutrients and contaminants.
Monitoring of photopolymerization through dielectric spectroscopy

Abstract Polymer stabilized liquid crystal cells containing by weight 88.4% E48, 8.4% CB15 and 2.8% DSM monomer with photoinitiator are monitored by dielectric spectroscopy during polymerization by UV radiation. During the polymerization process, the dielectric loss decreases by approximately 50% independent of the UV intensity with only a slight change in capacitance. Optical and dielectric studies of the cured cells indicate that the morphology of the polymer gel is a function of the intensity of the UV radiation.
Presence of Quorum-Sensing-Mediated Gene Regulation in Pathogenic Ice-Nucleation-Active (INA) Bacteria

Nine out of a total of 20 pathogenic ice-nucleation-active bacteria, with different levels of inducible INA, were tested and found positive for their ability to synthesize quorum-sensing (QS) signals. The bacteria were isolated from willow plants and belonged to the genera Bacillus, Erwinia, Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas. As reporter bacteria, to detect the homoserine lactone (HSL) autoinducer, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Chromobacterium violaceum, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio fischeri strains were used. We thus provide evidence that pathogenic ice-nucleation bacteria with inducible INA produce QS signals that in other bacteria have been shown to be in the control of genes of importance for pathogenicity.
Scales of justice: law, American Indian treaty rights and the political construction of scale

Abstract The organization of political scale has served to facilitate the power of the dominant society to control, exclude and marginalize indigenous populations. This paper examines how geographical scale has shaped the historical and contemporary geography of indigenous peoples in the United States. More specifically, discussion will center upon the importance of scale in shaping natural resource conflicts between American Indians and state governments. Using the case of the Wisconsin Ojibwe treaty rights conflict, this study shows how scale informed the historical development of an exclusionary state natural resource policy and the state's legal effort to protect its monopoly over policy making during a 17 year court case over off-reservation hunting and fishing treaty rights. At the same time, Ojibwe Indians sought to use the dominant society's legal system to gain recognition of their hunting and fishing treaty rights and to alter the existing scale organization of power by decentralizing natural resource decision-making and creating a resource co-management regime. This paper shows how both the state and the tribes were active producers of space and scale and how attempts to restructure geographical scale represent attempts to restructure existing power relations. Although geographical scale and power relations are never fixed and are subject to contestation, this paper shows that the ability of marginalized populations to reshape scales of power is limited by the persistence of assimilationist attitudes and normative assumptions about the scalar organization of political life.
Estradiol or methoxychlor stimulates estrogen receptor (ER) expression in uteri

The estrogenic pesticide methoxychlor (MXC) abnormally alters reproduction in rodents. The influence of MXC on expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) gene was investigated in the uterus of BALB/c mice and compared to the effect of estradiol. Uterine epithelium in control mice is devoid of ER until 5 d of life. Sesame oil, 10.0 micrograms estradiol 17 beta or 1.0 mg of base-washed 95% MXC were injected into neonates (days 1 to 4) and immature mice (days 10 to 14), after which they were sacrificed. By day 5, E or MXC induced production of nuclear ER mRNA and its translation in uterine epithelium. The mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization and ER protein by immunocytolocalization. In controls, ER was present only in stroma and myometrium. By day 15, the nuclei of uterine epithelium, stroma, and myometrium expressed the ER gene, with no apparent influence of E or MXC. Both E and MXC induce premature nuclear expression of the ER gene in neonatal uterine epithelium, without apparent change in ER gene expression between days 10 and 14 of life.
Forecasting and chronic illness.

Biomedical data in the form of series of observations made on a single process at regular intervals constitute a discrete time series and are eligible for time series methods of analysis. The models yielded by this analysis provide the framework within which exponential smoothing methods may operate on the data to provide recurrent forecasts of future states of the process.
Using extant patterns of dental variation to identify species in the primate fossil record: a case study of middle Eocene Omomys from the Bridger Basin, southwestern Wyoming

Patterns of extant primate dental variation provide important data for interpreting taxonomic boundaries in fossil forms. Here I use dental data from several well-known living primates (as well as data from selected Eocene forms) to evaluate dental variation in Middle Eocene Omomys, the first North American fossil primate identified by paleontologists. Measurements were collected from a sample of 148 omomyid dental specimens recovered from Bridger B localities in the Bridger Basin, Wyoming. Most of these specimens have not previously been described. Nonmetric traits were also scored for this sample. Lower molar coefficients of variation range from 4.01 for M2 length (n = 80) to 6.73 for M3 talonid width (n = 57). All of the nonmetric traits scored exhibit less than 100% presence in the overall sample, including traits previously described as representative of Omomys (e.g., P4 metaconids present in 91%, n = 55; M2 pericones present in 80%, n = 15). Dental traits also vary in a set of spatially restricted localities from the same fossil horizon and in a separate, single fossil locality (DMNH 868, P4 metaconids present in 67%, n = 6). An increasing frequency in several premolar traits across time in these more restricted samples suggests an anagenetic change in Bridger B Omomys. However, this degree of morphological variability is consistent with that seen in extant primate species from single locations. Metric variation in this sample is comparable to that seen in other Eocene primates, such as new data presented here for the omomyid Arapahovius gazini from the Washakie Basin, southern Wyoming. Omomys metric variation is also comparable to that found in several samples of well-known extant primates from single localities (e.g., ring-tailed lemurs and gray–brown mouse lemurs). These metric data also correspond to the patterns of variability described in previously published studies of Omomys carteri. In sum, a single species interpretation (O. carteri) for this new Bridger B Omomys sample from southern Wyoming is affirmed, and this study illustrates the usefulness of dental data from extant primates for evaluating primate fossil samples.
Irradiation effects in amorphous and crystalline, sputter-deposited MoNi

Amorphous and crystaline Mo--Ni formed by sputter deposition was bombarded with high energy nickel ion to test for response to irradiation. At low temperature (570/sup 0/K) no effects were shown in amorphous Mo--Ni but crystalline Mo--Ni transforms to the amorphous state. At higher temperature (850/sup 0/K), irradiation causes crystallization. (FS)
Determination of proton-nucleon analyzing powers and spin-rotation-depolarization parameters at 500 MeV

500 MeV p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}+p elastic and quasielastic, and p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}+n quasielastic, analyzing powers (${A}_{y}$) and spin-rotation-depolarization parameters (${D}_{\mathrm{SS}}$, ${D}_{\mathrm{SL}}$, ${D}_{\mathrm{LS}}$, ${D}_{\mathrm{LL}}$, ${D}_{\mathrm{NN}}$) were determined for center-of-momentum angular ranges 6.8\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\char21{}55.4\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} (elastic) and 22.4\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\char21{}55.4\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} (quasielastic); liquid hydrogen and deuterium targets were used. The p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}+p elastic and quasielastic results are in good agreement; both the p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}+p and p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}+n parameters are well described by current phase shift solutions.
Response of radiation monitoring labels to gamma rays and electrons

Abstract Many kinds of coated or impregnated reflecting papers change color or become colored by large radiation doses. Such papers or “labels” do not generally supply dosimetry information, but may give useful inventory information, namely a visual indication of whether or not an industrial product or location has been irradiated to high doses. Among labels available worldwide, a few are suitable for indicating absorbed dose regions of slightly less than 104 Gy ( 104 Gy or > 1 Mrad), and in some cases even up to very high dose regions (∼105 to 106 Gy or ∼10 to 100 Mrad). Only one labels which is expected to be commercially available, was studied for lower dose levels, 101-103 Gy (1-100 krad), namely one based on polymerization of diacetylene. Tests of stability, sensitivity of ambient light, and differences in dose rate and radiation type (gamma rays and electron beams) were made on 15 kinds of labels. The results show that, for many types of indicators, diverse effects may give misleading conclusions unless countermeasures are taken. For example, some of the most commonly used labels, which contain dyes that indicate changes of pH due to release of halogen from halogenated substrates, have limited shelf life and must be protected from extreme environmental conditions. Some also show a marked rate dependence of response. Readings of color reflection optical densities on labels or long paper strips permit somewhat more precise discrimination of dose levels, and may sometimes be useful for monitoring differences in local dose distributions or area monitoring of radiation damage probabilities around particle accelerators or large radionuclide sources.
Identification of Critical Elements in the tRNA Acceptor Stem and TΨC Loop Necessary for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infectivity

A mutant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with a primer binding site (PBS) complementary to yeast tRNAPhe (psHIV-Phe), which relies on exogenous yeast tRNAPhe as reverse transcription primer, was used to investigate elements in the tRNA acceptor stem and TΨC stem-loop required for the tRNA primer selection and use in HIV-1 replication. tRNAPhe mutants with two- or four-nucleotide deletions in the 3′ end retained the capacity to complement replication of psHIV-Phe. tRNAPhe mutants with an extended 5′ end had reduced capacity for complementation, which could be restored by extension of the 3′ end of these tRNAPhe mutants with sequences complementary to the HIV-1 U5 region. Further analysis of mutations in the acceptor stem of tRNAPhe suggested that an intact acceptor stem RNA structure is important for complementation. Analysis of single-nucleotide changes in the TΨC stem-loop of tRNAPhe revealed an unexpected, essential role of this region for rescue of psHIV-Phe.
Pyrroline-5-car☐ylate reductases in soybean nodules: the enzymes in host cytosol and bacteroids are antigenically distinct

Abstract A previous report showed that cytosolic fractions of both free-living Bradyrhizobium japonicum and soybean bacteroids exhibited high levels of pyrroline-5-car☐ylate reductase (P5CR) activity and summarized kinetic evidence for a common reductase which was distinct from that in nodule host cytosol. In the present study, a polyclonal rabbit antibody directed against P5CR in nodule host cytosol (α-[P5CR.NHC]) was prepared. Recognition of the native reductase by α-[P5CR.NHC] was shown by immunoinhibition of the catalytic activity of enzyme from nodule host cytosol: the P5CR activities in the cytosolic fractions from bacteroids and free-living rhizobia were not affected. Immunoblots showed that α-[P5CR.NHC] recognized the 30-kDa polypeptide of the purified plant reductase, as well as in nodule host cytosol. A 43-kDa polypeptide was also bound on immunoblots of Bradyrhizobium japonicum cytosol, but not of bacteroid cytosol. The 43-kDa species seems not to represent the rhizobial P5CR, but a cross-reacting antigen of currently unknown function which is deleted or modified during infection or bacteroid maturation. Antibody directed against P5CR from Escherichia coli did not recognize the reductase from nodule host cytosol, either by immunoinhibition or on immunoblots.
Marfan's syndrome: natural history and long-term follow-up of cardiovascular involvement

A retrospective analysis was undertaken to define the natural history and long-term follow-up of a group of patients with Marfan's syndrome. Eighty-four patients were diagnosed between January 1959 and June 1987 as having Marfan's syndrome; 68% were male; their ages ranged from 2 to 67 years (mean 26.6). Sixteen patients constituted the early surgical group (those who underwent surgery before 1979; mean age 36.1 years). Nineteen patients constituted the late surgical group (surgery in 1979 or later; mean age 33.3 years). The nonsurgical group comprised 49 patients (mean age 19.3 years). Fifty-seven percent of the patients had a diastolic murmur and 38% had cardiomegaly at presentation. Fifty-seven percent underwent cardiac catheterization, which revealed aortic root dilation (85%), aortic regurgitation (73%), aortic dissection (33%) and mitral regurgitation (36%). Thirteen of the 19 patients in the late surgical group received a composite graft repair of the ascending aorta as compared with only 2 of the 16 in the early surgical group. Follow-up information was obtained on 81 (96%) of 84 patients; the follow-up time was 2 to 332 months (mean 99). Thirty-one of the 81 patients died at age 3 to 63 years (mean age 35 years); 87% of the known causes of death were related to the cardiovascular system. Sixty-one percent of deaths were the result of aortic dissection or rupture or sudden cardiac death. Of the 50 survivors, 98%, including all patients in the late surgical group, were in functional class I or II. Overall survival at 5, 10 and 15 years after operation was 78.4%, 57.1% and 49.5%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Visual pigments of frog and tadpole (Rana pipiens)

Abstract Photoreceptor cell outer segments of five different morphologies from frog and tadpole retinas have been examined by microspectrophotometry. Photosensitive pigments were found with the following λ max : Frog: red rod 502, green rod 432, principal cone 575, accessory cone 502, single cone 575; Tadpole: red rod 527, green rod 438, principal cone 620, accessory cone 527, and single cone 620. Axial densities of pigments are computed from their measured transverse densities. A 2 derived pigments have wider bandwidths on a wavenumber plot than A 1 based pigments. Red rod wavenumber plots match published nomograms but other pigments do not. All pigments are dichroic and have comparable photosensitivities. Molar concentration of visual pigments is nearly the same in all cells. However, the small size and number of cones in frog retinas probably makes the total relative contribution of cone pigment molecules too small for successful spectroscopic studies in extracts. Animals in the visual pigment phase of metamorphosis have identical pigment mixtures in all red rods.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CARDIAC AND METABOLIC PERFORMANCE OF THE DOVE, ZENAIDURA MACROURA, AND THE QUAIL, LOPHORTYXCALIFORNICUS.

Abstract 1. 1. The metabolic rate, at thermal neutrality, for both the dove, Zenaidura macroura, and the quail, Lophortyx californicus, match values predicted by the King-Farner equation. 2. 2. The dove does not conform to Newton's Law of Cooling because it lowers the body temperature at low ambient temperatures. 3. 3. The quail can withstand ambient temperatures of 44°C, 3° above ambient temperatures lethal to doves. This difference in temperature tolerance is associated with the greater in evaporative cooling found in quail. 4. li4. The ability of the dove to avoid, by flight, the severest aspects of its habitat is reflected in a heart which is 47·3 per cent larger than standard. 5. 5. Conversely, the quail directly encounters the severest aspects of its environment and this is correlated with a heart which is 52·4 per cent smaller than standard. The quail depends less on changes in stroke volume and more on changes in heart rate to meet increased metabolic demands.
Line Strengths for Neutral and Singly Ionized Neon

A review is given of the available information on the line strengths for the 3s–3p and 3p–3d transitions of Ne ii and the 3s–3p transitions of Ne i. Measurements of the relative line strengths for Ne ii, not previously available, have been made using an electrically driven shock tube as the spectroscopic source. The determinations show definite departures from the results of previous calculations. Quantum-mechanical sum rules are employed to select the most reliable set of relative values for Ne i line strengths from previously reported measurements. Arguments establishing the absolute scale for both Ne i and Ne ii transition probabilities are proposed which are believed to yield values accurate to within 20%.
Role of α2-adrenergic receptors in the carotid body response to isocapnic hypoxia

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors have been identified in numerous tissues containing norepinephrine. Carotid bodies are sensory organs that detect changes in partial pressure of arterial oxygen and contain substantial amounts of norepinephrine. However, neither the presence nor the functional significance of alpha 2-receptors in the carotid body is known. The purpose of the present study was two-fold: (1) to determine the alpha 2-receptor density in the carotid body and (2) to assess their participation in the chemoreceptor responses to hypoxia. Experiments were performed on 27 anesthetized, paralyzed and artificially ventilated cats. Alpha-2 receptor binding determined by [125I]p-iodoclonidine averaged 10 +/- 2 fmol/mg of protein (n = 18 carotid bodies). Intracarotid infusion of an alpha 2-agonist (guanabenz; 0.5, 1, and 5 micrograms/min for 5 min) caused a dose-dependent depression of the baseline activity and 5 micrograms/min reduced the magnitude of the chemoreceptor response to isocapnic hypoxia by 61% (n = 8). Systemic administration of an alpha 2-antagonist (SKF-86466, 0.5-2 mg/kg) prevented the effects of guanabenz on the chemoreceptor activity. Furthermore, alpha 2-antagonist (0.5-2 mg/kg, i.v.) alone significantly increased baseline discharge by 68% and potentiated the chemoreceptor response to isocapnic hypoxia by 46% (n = 10). These results demonstrate that (1) alpha 2-adrenergic receptors are present in the carotid body and (2) they exert an inhibitory influence on chemoreceptor response to hypoxia. It is suggested that norepinephrine may tune the carotid body responses to hypoxia in part by its action on alpha 2-receptors.
Unusual penetrating injury of the knee joint. A case report

Although not commonly recognized, glass may be radiopaque in soft tissue. Its density can be similar to that of bone, and it may be misinterpreted as fracture fragments. The radiodensity of glass is dependent on its varying quantities of iron, silicon, dioxide, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and sodium salts. The awareness that the radiodensity of glass can be similar to that of human bone on roentgenogram can help the surgeon avoid the pitfall of misdiagnosis. Roentgenograms may be used to detect intraarticular glass and to assist in a localization of glass imbedded in the soft tissue.