cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Influenza- and RSV-associated hospitalizations among adults.

We estimated influenza- and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated hospitalizations by age, high-risk status and outcome, during the 1996/1997–1999/2000 respiratory seasons among adults who did not receive influenza vaccine. Using three health maintenance organization (HMO) databases and local viral surveillance data, we identified weeks when influenza and RSV were circulating and estimated influenzaand RSV-associated hospitalizations. Persons aged ≥65 years with and without high-risk conditions had significantly increased rates of influenza-associated hospitalizations for pneumonia and influenza, and circulatory and respiratory diseases. Persons aged ≥65 years with high-risk conditions also had significantly increased rates of influenza-associated hospitalizations for cardiac conditions (16.9 per 10,000 person periods). Relative to the influenza estimates for high-risk persons ≥65 years, we found lower rates of RSV-associated hospitalizations for pneumonia and influenza diseases (23.4 per 10,000 person periods), cardiac diseases (4.3 per 10,000 person periods) and circulatory and respiratory diseases (44.0 per 10,000 person periods). Among low-risk persons aged 50–64 years, we did not identify significantly elevated rates of influenza- or RSV-associated hospitalizations. Excess hospitalization estimates among adults aged ≥65 years and high-risk 50–64 year olds during the influenza season suggest that these groups should have priority for influenza vaccine during vaccine shortages.
Assessing Catholic Identity: A Study of Mission Statements of Catholic Colleges and Universities

Since the publication of Ex Corde Ecclesiae (John Paul II, 1990), Catholic colleges and universities have become more deliberate and intentional regarding their institutional and Catholic identity. This article continues the conversation about catholic identity as it relates to student outcomes, and proposes some preliminary strategies for assessment.
INTELSAT VII spacecraft antennas

The authors describe the eight different types of antennas on the INTELSAT VII spacecraft. These antennas are: (1) C-band hemi/zone antennas, (2) C-band spot antenna, (3) Ku-band spot antennas, (4) C-band global antenna, (5) Ku-band beacon antenna, (6) C-band beacon antenna, (7) omni telemetry tracking and control antennas, and (8) telemetry directional antenna. All antennas are located on the earth panel of the satellite except the hemi/zone antennas, which are on the east and west sides of the spacecraft. All antennas have a clear view of earth with 'stay-away' regions to eliminate any scattering-related performance degradation. >
Beyond Changing Culture in Small High Schools: Reform Models and Changing Instruction With Project-Based Learning

This study describes the status of small school reforms in U.S. high schools and contemplates their future. It asks how cultural and instructional reforms differ across school reform types. Analyses focus on indicators of teacher and student culture as well as instructional reforms including projectbased learning (PBL) and other inquiry-related practices. Findings are based on data from a national survey completed by 395 high school teachers who were responsible for and had used PBL in core academic subjects. Study participants taught in large, comprehensive high schools; in schools that had converted to small learning communities; and in newly created small school start-ups. Some of these small schools and conversions were based on a reform model, and others were not. Teachers in reform model schools reported the greatest number of cultural and instructional reforms, followed by teachers in other small schools. Reform models were particularly strong on instructional reforms and student culture. In general, start-up teachers reported more success implementing reforms than teachers in conversion schools, and teacher culture was reformed much more often than student culture and instruction. These findings help shed light on how widely practices and conditions have spread throughout the broader small schools movement, and which of these (including extensive PBL use) only seem to flourish in schools that subscribe to a holistic reform model.
Diet selection is related to breeding status in two frugivorous hornbill species of Central Africa

Avian diet selection is hypothesized to be sensitive to seasonal changes in breeding status, but few tests exist forfrugivoroustropicalbirds.Frugivorousbirdsprovideaninterestingtestcasebecausefruitsarerelativelydeficientin minerals critical for reproduction. Here, we quantify annual patterns of fruit availability and diet for two frugivorous hornbill (Bucerotidae) species over a 5.5-y period to test for patterns of diet selection. Data from the lowland tropical rainforestoftheDjaReserve,Cameroon,areusedtogeneratetwonutritionalindices.Oneindexestimatesthenutrient concentrationofthedietchosenbyCeratogymnaatrataandBycanistesalbotibialisonamonthlybasisusing3165feeding observations combined with fruit pulp sample data. The second index is an estimate of nutrient concentration of a non-selective or neutral diet across the study area based on tree fruiting phenology, vegetation survey and fruit-pulp sampledata.Fifty-ninefruitpulpsamplesrepresenting40specieswereanalysedfor16nutrientcategoriestocontribute to both indices. Pulp samples accounted for approximately 75% of the observed diets. The results support expected patterns of nutrient selection. The two hornbill species selected a diet rich in calcium during the early breeding season (significantly so for B. albotibialis in July and August). Through the brooding and fledging periods, they switched from a calcium-rich diet to one rich in iron and caloric content as well as supplemental protein in the form of invertebrates. Calcium, the calcium to phosphorus ratio and fat concentration were the strongest predictors of breeding success (significant for calcium and Ca:P for B. albotibialis in June). We conclude that hornbills actively select fruit based on nutritional concentration and mineral concentration and that the indices developed here are useful for assessing frugivore diet over time.
Racial microaggressions and psychological functioning among highly achieving African-Americans: A mixed-methods approach.

Racial microaggressions and their influence on mental health were examined among African American doctoral students and graduates of doctoral programs. Using a mixed-methods approach, the current study first identified the types of microaggressions reported by African American participants (N = 97) and then investigated the mechanism by which these experiences influence mental health over time with a separate sample of African Americans (N = 107). The qualitative findings revealed three categories of microaggressions including Assumption of Criminality/Second-Class Citizen, Underestimation of Personal Ability, and Cultural/Racial Isolation. The quantitative analyses found support for a moderated-mediational model by which Underestimation of Personal Ability was associated with greater perceived stress at one-year follow-up, which in turn was related to greater depressive symptoms. Active coping was found to moderate the racial microaggression-perceived stress link such that individuals who endorse active ...
The Internet, Adolescent Males, and Homemade Blowgun Darts: A Recipe for Foreign Body Aspiration

We describe our experience with blowgun dart aspiration via an illustrative case series and review the resources available to teach children how to construct these objects. A 15-year-old boy presented with cough, wheeze, and eventually admitted to aspiration of a homemade blowgun dart. This instance heightened the awareness of our experience with blowgun dart aspiration as 3 cases presented within a 3-month period. Patients uniformly presented with cough and reported aspiration, and wheezing was noted in 2 of the 3. Although all ultimately admitted their behavior, 2 were initially reluctant to admit aspirating the blowgun dart. Radiographic findings of a needle-shaped metallic airway foreign body were consistent in all patients. Each admitted to finding instructions for blowgun dart construction on the Internet. Emergent rigid bronchoscopy with blowgun dart removal resulted in symptom resolution in all without complication. This represents the largest series of blowgun dart aspiration to date. During deep inhalation, when preparing to propel a blowgun dart, the vocal folds maximally abduct, leading to increased risk for aspiration. Twenty websites were identified providing instructions for the construction of homemade blowgun darts. With the accessibility of the Internet and number of instructional websites, this clinical entity may become more common in the future. Unfortunately, only a few of the websites provide any safety warnings. Certainly, prompt treatment can result in good outcomes; however, serious potential complications, including death, could occur especially given the hesitance our patients showed in divulging the truth of the inciting event.
Unsupervised and nonparametric detection of information flows

The problem of detecting the presence of possibly bidirectional and time-varying information flows through two nodes in a network is considered. Only the transmission timing measurements are used in the detection. The proposed technique assumes no parametric flow model and requires no training data. The consistency of the detector is established for a class of non-homogeneous Poisson traffic. The proposed detector is tested in a simulation using LBL TCP traces (Paxson and Floyd, 1995 [24]) and an experiment involving MSN VoIP sessions.
Mother–Child Conflict in the Toddler Years: Lessons in Emotion, Morality, and Relationships

Sixty-three mother-toddler dyads took part in a 6-month prospective study that examined how differences in the frequency and nature of early mother-toddler conflict related to individual differences in children's subsequent socioemotional development. When the children were 30 months, mothers and children participated in a series of laboratory tasks and in a 1.5-hr unstructured home observation. All episodes of verbal conflict between mothers and their children were identified from these sessions, transcribed, and coded for certain elements (e.g., strategy, discussion of emotion, and resolution). At 36 months, children participated in measures of emotional understanding, social competence, and early conscience development. Mothers' use of justification, resolution, and mitigation in conflict at 30 months predicted high levels of socioemotional development at age 3. These findings suggest that conflict may be an important context for children's socioemotional development.
Extra-cavity feedback into unstable resonators.

Unstable resonators constructed of totally reflecting optics are particularly sensitive to extra-cavity feedback. This is demonstrated experimentally by reflecting the attenuated output of an injection mode-locked TEA CO2 laser, fitted with a confocal unstable resonator, back into the laser resonator. Even after attenuation by -106, significant perturbation (≳10%) could be observed in the temporal characteristics of the output train. A theory of extra-cavity feedback in the geometric limit is presented.
Extra-adrenal myelolipoma: Report of two cases

Myelolipomas are benign tumors composed of an admixture of mature adipose tissue and normal hematopoietic cells. The vast majority occur within the adrenal glands, but several extra-adrenal myelolipomas (EAMLs) have been reported. The typical EAML is a solitary, well-defined mass within the abdomen, most commonly in the retroperitoneal presacral area. EAMLs may produce symptoms related to their mass effect, but they are occasionally incidental findings. Most commonly, the patient is older than 40 years and has no hematologic abnormalities. It is important to distinguish EAMLs from other soft tissue tumors, in particular liposarcomas, myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytomas, and extramedullary hematopoietic tumors. We discuss two cases of EAML. The first was in the retroperitoneum of a 76-year-old woman. It is the largest EAML ever reported, measuring 26 cm x 15 cm x 11 cm. The second, a presacral mass in a 68-year-old man, was diagnosed preoperatively by percutaneous computed tomography-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy. Preoperative diagnosis facilitated surgical management in this case. We discuss the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic characteristics and the differential diagnosis of this rare entity.
Sport as swaggering: utilizing sport as soft power

Performance of a country's teams on the playing field in international sporting events, as well as the opportunity to host events, contribute both to nation building and the enhancement of the national brand to outside observers. These events can create a strong sense of nationalism and may unify a population or strengthen the legitimacy of that state's incumbent government both at home and abroad. This paper attempts to create a parallel between this sort of sport-related behaviour and swaggering, which according to Robert J. Art (1980) is behaviour that is used to enhance national pride, satisfy a leader's ambitions, and enhance the country's image elsewhere. While Art's original discussion of swaggering is tied to the peaceful use of military force, the similarities between Art's swaggering, and the behaviour shown by decision-makers as it ties to international sport, particularly in regard to the Summer Olympics, are striking.
“Electroless” E-Coating: An Innovative Surface Treatment for Magnesium Alloys

Magnesium alloys require coating protection in many applications. In this study, a rapid “electroless” E-coating process is proposed and developed for magnesium alloys by utilizing the high surface alkalinity of the alloys. The coating is evaluated to have high stability and can offer good protection for AZ91D.
Hypokalemia Induced by Inhaled Bronchodilators

Since parenteral β 2 -adrenergic stimulation can induce hypokalemia, we postulated that administration of β 2 adrenoreceptor agonists by inhalation could induce the same. We administered the usual clinical doses of three commonly used bronchodilators to each of six subjects receiving assisted mechanical ventilation in line with the ventilator: two β 2 -adrenoreceptor agonists, metaproterenol, 5 percent solution, and isoetharine, 1 percent solution; and the anticholinergic agent atropine as a control. Each bronchodilator was nebulized over 10 to 15 minutes in random order, four hours apart, and given to every subject. Plasma potassium was measured at five-minute intervals and arterial blood gases at 15-minute intervals, for a total of 50 minutes after administration of each bronchodilator. Following administration of each drug, plasma potassium showed an average decline. The mean decline in plasma potassium from baseline was statistically significant for metaproterenol (p = 0.04) and atropine (p = 0.001) but not for isoetharine (p=0.09). Although there were no statistically significant differences among the declines in plasma potassium induced by the three drugs, metaproterenol caused the greatest decline (–0.6 mEq/L). (Chest 1988; 94:763-66)
Cisplatin plus gemcitabine in platinum-refractory ovarian or primary peritoneal cancer: a phase II study of the Gynecologic Oncology Group.

Abstract Objectives. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of cisplatin plus gemcitabine in persistent or recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian and primary peritoneal cancer. Study Design. Eligible, consenting subjects with measurable disease and one prior platinum-based regimen, but no prior gemcitabine, were to receive intravenous cisplatin followed by gemcitabine on days 1 and 8 every 28 days. Results. Between December 2000 and March 2003, 59 patients were enrolled from 24 institutions; two were ineligible. During the first stage of accrual, 27 subjects received cisplatin 30 mg/m2 and gemcitabine 750 mg/m2. In the second stage, gemcitabine was reduced to 600 mg/m2 because of hematologic toxicity at the higher dose. There were 4 complete and 5 partial responses for an overall response rate of 16% (9/57). Thirty-one women (54%) had stable disease. Median time to progression was 5.4 months. Overall survival was 14.9+ months. Grade 4 toxicities were hematologic, except one cutaneous reaction. Conclusions. Cisplatin plus gemcitabine, in the doses and schedule employed, has modest activity in this patient population.
Achieving structural and composable modeling of complex systems

Summary form only given. We describe a recently-released, structural and composable modeling system called the liberty simulation environment (LSE). LSE automatically constructs simulators from system descriptions that closely resemble the structure of hardware at the chosen level of abstraction. Component-based reuse features allow an extremely diverse range of complex models to be modeled easily from a core set of component libraries. We also describe a set of such libraries currently under development. With LSE and these component libraries, students are able to learn about systems in a more intuitive fashion, researchers are able to collaborate with each other more easily, and developers are able to rapidly and meaningfully explore novel design candidates.
Atrial Fibrillation Catheter Ablation: Learning by Burning Continues

With the widespread use of catheter ablation directed at eliminating atrial fibrillation (AF), there has been concern that there would be little additional attention paid to a further understanding of the physiological basis of this important arrhythmia. Reports on new catheter and energy delivery
Intrinsic polarization control in rectangular GaN nanowire lasers

We demonstrate intrinsic, linearly polarized lasing from single GaN nanowires using cross-sectional shape control. A two-step top-down fabrication approach was employed to create straight nanowires with controllable rectangular cross-sections. A clear lasing threshold of 444 kW cm−2 and a narrow spectral line width of 0.16 nm were observed under optical pumping at room temperature, indicating the onset of lasing. The polarization was along the short dimension (y-direction) of the nanowire due to the higher transverse confinement factors for y-polarized transverse modes resulting from the rectangular nanowire cross-section. The results show that cross-sectioned shape control can enable inherent control over the polarization of nanowire lasers without additional environment requirements, such as placement onto lossy substrates.
The importance of residence: goldscheider’s contribution to explaining orthodoxy’s vitality

In Jewish Continuity and Change, the book that perhaps best articulated what, among sociologists of American Jewry, has come to be called "the transformation hypothesis," the proposition that argues that over the years Jewish life in America has not became better or worse but simply gone through a "transformation," Calvin Goldscheider suggested that, despite all other their changes, American Jews were still profoundly affected by their residential decisions. Those preferences, he argued, perhaps even more so than choices made about the character of their faith or dimensions of their ritual practice, about the extent of their Jewish education or about marriage, played a determining role in the matter of Jewish continuity and change. Specifically, Goldscheider wrote:1
Countering Resistance: The 'Add-On' as a Technology of Conversation

This is a study of conversation among male UCLA college students during recreational video game playing. This paper analyzes segments of conversation in which a speaker struggled to adopt new topics of conversation and found other persons resistant. During video game play nonverbal communication was hindered and the speaker therefore had limited opportunities for feedback or confirmation. Although no universal technique for adapting to this resistance was found, the speaker often extended his talk to counter resistance and adapt to weak responses. This technique, which is called an “add-on,” allowed the speaker to elaborate on the talk until a desire response was obtained. This tool of conversation was employed when trying to initiate new topics of conversation and when emphasizing thematic elements. This research also demonstrates how speakers distracted by video games also employ remedial methodologies identified by Anita Pomerantz in her study “Pursuing a Response.”
Production of a toxic metabolite in 2,4-D-resistant GM crop plants

This Note questions the safety of crop plants engineered with transgenes coding for the degradation of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) into its cytotoxic metabolite 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP).
Coping with an Insulting Offer

This short article set out some of the reasons negotiators make extreme first offers, including bargaining tactics, strong emotions, and misevaluation of cases. It then offers suggestions as to how a bargainer can respond to an opponent who makes such an offer.
A Performance Review Utilising Administratively Collected Hospital Patient Information and Coding Data

Objectives: Collection of data and self audit can be a difficult undertaking in orthopaedic private practice. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that review of administratively collected patient information can provide useful information for self-audit and clinical outcomes.
Diffuse Axonal Injury and Degradation in Mechanical Characteristics of Brain White Matter

Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI) can happen due to sudden motions of head and is one of the major causes of fatality and severe disabilities. To study DAI, any change in material characteristics of brain tissue post injury needs to be well understood. In this study, the focus will be on changes in the viscoelastic material properties of white mater in the brain due to DAI resulting in axonal disconnections. Using a micromechanics fibrous composite modeling for white mater, we have developed an algorithm to analyze the effect of discontinuity due to breakage of axons inside the surrounded matrix. Repeated unit cell (RUC) was assumed to represent the axonal distribution within the extracellular matrix. Relaxation test were conducted for characterization of the viscoelastic behavior. The result of this study provides a modeling technique for characterization of injured brain tissue in white mater and proposes necessity of including the appropriate post injury axonal mechanical properties. These findings can improve the understanding of injury from mechanical perspective and help in predicting vulnerability of any such injured tissue against further injuries.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
On the origins of early leadership: The role of authoritative parenting practices and mastery orientation:

This is an exploratory study that examines how leadership potential may initially develop in adolescent children through specific parenting practices. It investigates whether adolescent children ra...
Urinary Tract Infections in Females

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompass a wide variety of clinical entities. These include urethritis, cystitis, and acute and chronic pyelonephritis. Often the condition is clinically silent and detected only by the finding of large numbers of microorganisms in the urine. Asymptomatic bacteriuria or asymptomatic funguria may be limited to colonization of the urine without an apparent inflammatory response. This condition should be considered to be an asymptomatic infection when accompanied by pyuria. Asymptomatic individuals are at risk of developing symptomatic infection.
Influencing factors of obesity and related chronic diseases in residents of Beidaihe District in Qinhuangdao City

[Objective]To investigate the influencing factors of obesity and related chronic diseases in Beidaihe District of Qinhuangdao City. [Methods]With random sampling,3 569 people aged 20-92 years old in Beidaihe district were investigated by face to face method from August to October 2010.The interview survey was applied to get the basic condition and related factors,weight and height of these subjects were measured. [Results]The total prevalence rate of overweight,universal adiposis and abdominal obesity was 36.79%,13.28% and 54.08%,respectively.There were significant differences in prevalence rate of overweight,universal adiposis and abdominal obesity between men and women(χ2=126.31,P0.01;χ2=63.85,P0.01;χ2=14.91,P0.01).There were significant differences in prevalence rate of overweight,universal adiposis and abdominal obesity among different ages(χ2=93.15,P0.01;χ2=6.002,P=0.01;χ2=24.70,P0.01).There were significant differences in prevalence rate of overweight,universal adiposis and abdominal obesity among people with different education levels(χ2=9.49,P0.01;χ2=126.31,P0.01;χ2=13.11,P0.01).Compared with normal weight people,the risks of hypertension,pathoglycemia and triglyceride elevation among overweight and obese people were high,OR value was respectively 2.86,2.94,3.52 and 5.06,4.19,6.37.[Conclusion]Obese people are easy to get hypertension,pathoglycemia and lipid abnormality.The effective measures should be carried out to prevent and control obesity.
Brood-Rearing Capability of Caged Honeybees Fed Synthetic Diets

SummaryA chemically defined diet that contained 18 amino acids and 10 water-soluble vitamins supported brood rearing when it was fed to newly emerged honeybees. Another diet supplemented with cholesterol was poorly consumed and supported only low levels of brood rearing. Diet containing higher concentrations of amino acids did not support brood rearing. A diet supplemented with higher concentrations of vitamins and a salt mixture supported brood rearing, but less than a diet containing higher levels of vitamins without the salt mixture.
Selective antagonism of TRPA1 produces limited efficacy in models of inflammatory- and neuropathic-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in rats.

The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel has been implicated in pathophysiological processes that include asthma, cough, and inflammatory pain. Agonists of TRPA1 such as mustard o...
Applications of transposition mutagenesis in antibiotic producing streptomycetes

Several transposons have been developed from the streptomycete insertion sequence IS493. They have broad host specificity in Streptomyces species and insert relatively randomly into a consensus target sequence of gNCaNTgNNy. Collectively, they have specialized features that facilitate the following: cloning of DNA flanking insertions; physical mapping of insertions; construction of highly stable mutants; and efficient construction of mutant libraries. All of the transposons can be introduced into streptomycetes by conjugation from E. coli, and can be delivered by curing the temperature sensitive delivery plasmid. Tn5099 was used to physically map genes involved in daptomycin and red pigment production in Streptomyces roseosporus, and to clone daptomycin biosynthetic genes. Tn5099 was also used in Streptomyces fradiae to identify and clone a neutral genomic site for the insertion of a second copy of the tylF gene. Recombinants containing two copies of the tylF gene carried out the no rmally rate limiting conversion of macrocin to tylosin very efficiently, thus causing substantial increases in tylosin yield.
Education for ECMO providers: Using education science to bridge the gap between clinical and educational expertise

A well-organized educational curriculum for the training of both novice and experienced ECMO providers is critical for the continued function of an institutional ECMO program. ELSO provides guidance for the education for ECMO specialists, physicians and staff, which incorporates "traditional" instructor-centered educational methods, such as didactic lectures and technical skill training. Novel research suggests utilization of strategies that align with principles of adult learning to promote active learner involvement and reflection on how the material can be applied to understand existing and new constructs may be more effective. Some examples include the "flipped classroom," e-learning, simulation, and interprofessional education. These methodologies have been shown to improve active participation, which can be related to improvements in understanding and long-term retention. A novel framework for ECMO training is considered. Challenges in assessment and credentialing are also discussed.
Precision oncology in advanced cancer patients improves overall survival with lower weekly healthcare costs.

// Derrick S. Haslem 1 , Ingo Chakravarty 2 , Gail Fulde 1 , Heather Gilbert 1 , Brian P. Tudor 1 , Karen Lin 1 , James M. Ford 3 and Lincoln D. Nadauld 1, 3 1 Precision Genomics Program, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, United States of America 2 Navican Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, San Diego, CA, United States of America 3 Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America Correspondence to: Lincoln D. Nadauld, email: lincoln.nadauld@imail.org Keywords: precision medicine, oncology, outcomes, costs, overall survival Received: May 17, 2017 Accepted: September 15, 2017 Published: February 02, 2018 ABSTRACT The impact of precision oncology on guiding treatment decisions of late-stage cancer patients was previously studied in a retrospective analysis. However, the overall survival and costs were not previously evaluated. We report the overall survival and healthcare costs associated with precision oncology in these patients with advanced cancer. Building on a matched cohort study of 44 patients with metastatic cancer who received all of their care within a single institution, we evaluated the overall survival and healthcare costs for each patient. We analyzed the outcomes of 22 patients who received genomic testing and targeted therapy (precision oncology) between July 1, 2013 and January 31, 2015, and compared to 22 historically controlled patients (control) who received standard chemotherapy ( N = 17) or best supportive care ( N = 5). The median overall survival was 51.7 weeks for the targeted treatment group and 25.8 weeks for the control group ( P = 0.008) when matching on age, gender, histological diagnosis and previous treatment lines. Average costs over the entire period were $2,720 per week for the targeted treatment group and $3,453 per week for the control group, ( P = 0.036). A separate analysis of 1,814 patients with late-stage cancer diagnoses found that those who received a targeted cancer treatment ( N = 93) had 6.9% lower costs in the last 3 months of life compared with those who did not. These findings suggest that precision oncology may improve overall survival for refractory cancer patients while lowering average per-week healthcare costs, resource utilization and end-of-life costs.
Trigger Warnings, Safe Spaces, and the Language of Victimhood

Victimhood culture includes more than microaggression complaints. Campbell and Manning describe contemporary calls for trigger warnings and safe spaces, and how they mesh with victimhood culture’s central moral concerns. They consider whether these practices actually help those they are intended to protect or whether they are counterproductive. They note that both phenomena rely on the language of physical harm and discuss the role of expanded concepts of harm in the moral language of victimhood. This language, which includes new moral jargon and distinctive usage of common words, leads to confusion and conflict between campus activists and the outside world.
Axisymmetric hydroelastic sloshing in a circular cylindrical container

The motion of liquid in the containers of a vehicle may have severe influence upon the stability of the vehicle. For this reason many authors have investigated the behaviour of liquid with a free surface due to various modes of excitation. In the earlier development of small vehicles, the frequencies of the elastic structures were relatively high compared to the propellant frequencies and the effect of their interaction could be neglected. With the increase of modern space vehicles this interaction of the propellant with the elastic structure is becoming a pronounced influence upon the design of the vehicle and its control system. This has some influence upon the stability and response behaviour of a large space vehicle, since the close grouping of propellant sloshing and structural frequencies around the control frequency of the vehicle creates continuous interaction during flight.
Technostress: technological antecedents and implications

With the proliferation and ubiquity of information and communication technologies (ICTs), it is becoming imperative for individuals to constantly engage with these technologies in order to get work accomplished. Academic literature, popular press, and anecdotal evidence suggest that ICTs are responsible for increased stress levels in individuals (known as technostress). However, despite the influence of stress on health costs and productivity, it is not very clear which characteristics of ICTs create stress. We draw from IS and stress research to build and test a model of technostress. The person-environment fit model is used as a theoretical lens. The research model proposes that certain technology characteristics--like usability (usefulness, complexity, and reliability), intrusiveness (presenteeism, anonymity), and dynamism (pace of change)--are related to stressors (work overload, role ambiguity, invasion of privacy, work-home conflict, and job insecurity). Field data from 661 working professionals was obtained and analyzed. The results clearly suggest the prevalence of technostress and the hypotheses from the model are generally supported. Work overload and role ambiguity are found to be the two most dominant stressors, whereas intrusive technology characteristics are found to be the dominant predictors of stressors. The results open up new avenues for research by highlighting the incidence of technostress in organizations and possible interventions to alleviate it.
Acute pulmonary embolism masquerading as acute myocardial infarction

Pulmonary embolism can be extremely difficult to diagnose based on clinical presentation. Many studies have demonstrated certain electrocardiographic patterns commonly seen in pulmonary embolism, but few have described changes consistent with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. In this report, we describe a patient who presented to the emergency department with electrocardiographic findings consistent with an anteroseptal myocardial infarction and his subsequent clinical course.
Urinary Ascites Secondary to Posterior Urethral Valves

AbstractNeonatal urinary ascites demands prompt diagnostic and therapeutic medical attention. Obstructing posterior urethral valves are a major cause (70 per cent) of this entity. Survival in these children can be directly related to age, selection of therapeutic modality and the presence or absence of associated pulmonary and electrolyte abnormalities. Oligohydramnios is implicated in the production of pulmonary hypoplasia leading to respiratory distress in these patients. Other manifestations of prolonged, increased fetal compression, that is the non-renal features of Potter’s syndrome, include altered facies, aberrant hand and foot development and late fetal growth deficiency. Aberrant pulmonary development seems to be related to increased intrauterine pressure (oligohydramnios alone) as well as increased fetal intra-abdominal pressure (oligohydramnios plus urinary ascites). The best therapeutic results were achieved in those children treated by early, high urinary diversion. The mortality rate for new...
Body Composition in Pregnancy

Pregnancy is a unique time when the female body is undergoing physiologic and metabolic changes to support the continual development of the growing fetus. These physiologic and metabolic changes are recognized in gestational weight gain, which includes gains in maternal and fetal masses, as well as growth of placental tissue and alterations in the amniotic fluid pool. The following chapter will highlight the different methods for assessing body composition during pregnancy, as well as highlight the causes and implications of gestational weight gain on both maternal and infant physiology and outcomes. Given the worldwide epidemic of obesity, entering pregnancy at a healthy weight, and maintaining a healthy weight gain during pregnancy according to Institute of Medicine guidelines, has become increasingly important. In fact, 32% of US women aged 20–39 years—the primary window for conception—were classified as obese in 2011 and 2012. Both short- and long-term implications of pre-pregnancy maternal obesity as well as excess gestational weight gain are important to elucidate, as more and more women are classified as such.
Evaluation of flow-modulation approaches in ventricular assist devices using an in-vitro endothelial cell culture model.

BACKGROUND Continuous-flow ventricular assist devices (CF-VADs) produce non-physiologic flow with diminished pulsatility, which is a major risk factor for development of adverse events, including gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Introduction of artificial pulsatility by modulating CF-VAD flow has been suggested as a potential solution. However, the levels of pulsatility and frequency of CF-VAD modulation necessary to prevent adverse events are currently unknown and need to be evaluated. METHODS The purpose of this study was to use human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) cultured within an endothelial cell culture model (ECCM) to: (i) identify and validate biomarkers to determine the effects of pulsatility; and (ii) conclude whether introduction of artificial pulsatility using flow-modulation approaches can mitigate changes in endothelial cells seen with diminished pulsatile flow . Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf-2)–regulated anti-oxidant genes and proteins and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase/endothelin-1 (eNOS/ET-1) signaling pathway are known to be differentially regulated in response to changes in pulsatility. RESULTS Comparison of HAECs cultured within the ECCM (normal pulsatile vs CF-VAD) with aortic wall samples from patients (normal pulsatile [ n = 5] vs CF-VADs [n = 5]) confirmed that both the Nrf-2–activated anti-oxidant response and eNOS/ET-1 signaling pathways were differentially regulated in response to diminished pulsatility. Evaluation of 2 specific CF-VAD flow-modulation protocols to introduce artificial pulsatility, synchronous (SYN, 80 cycles/min, pulse pressure 20 mm Hg) and asynchronous (ASYN, 40 cycles/min, pulse pressure 45 mm Hg), suggested that both increased expression of Nrf-2–regulated anti-oxidant genes and proteins along with changes in levels of eNOS and ET-1 can potentially be minimized with ASYN and, to a lesser extent, with SYN. CONCLUSIONS HAECs cultured within the ECCM can be used as an accurate model of large vessels in patients to identify biomarkers and select appropriate flow-modulation protocols. Pressure amplitude may have a greater effect in normalizing anti-oxidant response compared with frequency of modulation.
A retrieval analysis perspective on revision for infection.

Abstract Background Retrieval analysis has long served the orthopaedic community as a tool for understanding implant failure modes; however, what retrieval studies can reveal about the nature of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains unknown. We hypothesize that records from a comprehensive joint retrieval program should corroborate clinically-reported temporal characteristics of prosthesis-related infection. Methods We examined 2527 records documenting a decade of explanted hip and knee components to quantify the following: (1) the relative contribution of infection to revision arthroplasty; (2) the effects of joint type, revision status, and reason for retrieval on indwelling time; and (3) whether the temporal distribution of infected explants reflects clinical experience. Results In this series, 20% (507/2527) of explants were performed for infection, with PJI being more commonly implicated in the retrieval of revision implants than of primaries. Infected prostheses were explanted 23.2 months sooner on average than those retrieved for other causes. Within the subset of infected devices, revision components were explanted 11.2 months sooner than primaries, with no appreciable difference observed between hips and knees. Retrieval-based temporal distributions were most similar to PJI studies with endpoint enrollment or long duration follow-up, suggesting a later average onset of infection than reported in comparable clinical studies with short ( Conclusions Infection represents a major cause of revision arthroplasty, and is associated with shorter indwelling times in revision components than in primaries. Studies with less than 10 years of follow-up are likely to under-report late PJI.
A Micro-Level View of CSR: A Hospitality Management Systematic Literature Review:

This study provides a systematic review of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the hospitality management literature over the last decade. In contrast to prior reviews, this article starts fro...
Rapid Tree Diameter Computation with Terrestrial Stereoscopic Photogrammetry

Forest inventorying is time-consuming and expensive. Recent research involving photogrammetry promises to reduce the cost of inventorying. Existing photogrammetry methods require substantial data-processing time, however. Our aim was to reduce data-acquisition and processing times while obtaining relatively accurate diameter estimates compared to manual and other digital measurements. We developed an algorithm to identify the ground and measure diameter at breast height (dbh) or any height along a stem from the recorded video footage of trees taken with a stereo camera. Footage acquisition time, dbh root mean square error, and mean absolute error were used as comparison metrics with other methods. The time to perform three recordings for 40 trees was about 30 minutes. We recorded data at 1 m, 3 m, and 5 m from the trunk, and our dbh root mean square errors were 1.28 cm (0.50 in.), 1.47 cm (0.58 in.), and 2.57 cm (1.01 in.), respectively, using manual measures as the control. This terrestrial stereoscopic photogrammetric method is much more efficient computationally than popular terrestrial structure-from-motion photogrammetry and substantially lowers time, costs, and complexity for data acquisition and processing compared with terrestrial laser scanning.
Articulating infrastructure to water: Agri-culture and Google’s South Carolina data center:

This article draws from a critical discourse analysis of Google’s three-year process to gain permission to extract greater amounts of water from an aquifer in South Carolina located near one of its...
Hypoxia Depletes Contaminating CD45+ Hematopoietic Cells from Bone Marrow Stromal Cell (BMSC) Cultures: Methods for BMSC Culture Purification

Culture expanded bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are easily isolated, can be grown rapidly en masse, and contain both skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and multipotent mesenchymal progenitors (MMPs). Despite this functional heterogeneity, BMSC cultures continue to be utilized for many applications due to the lack of definitive and universally accepted markers to prospectively identify and purify SSCs. Isolation of BMSCs is widely based on their adherence to tissue culture plastic; however, this method poses unique challenges when working with murine models. In particular, hematopoietic cell contamination is a significant impediment during the isolation or murine BMSCs. Several strategies to reduce hematopoietic contamination have been developed with varying levels of success. In this study, we found that up to 60% of cells isolated in standard BMSC cultures expressed the hematopoietic marker CD45. Remarkably, when cultured at a physiological oxygen tension of 1% O2, there was a 10-fold reduction in hematopoietic cells associated with a concomitant increase in PDGFRα+ expressing stromal cells. This finding was due, in part, to a differential response of the two populations to low oxygen tension, or hypoxia. Specifically, in standard tissue culture conditions of 21% O2, CD45+ hematopoietic cells showed increased proliferation coupled with no observable changes in cell death when compared to their counterparts grown at 1% O2. In contrast, PDGFRα+ stromal cells responded to hypoxia by increasing proliferation and exhibiting a 10-fold decrease in cell death. In summary, we describe a simple and reliable method exploiting the divergent biological response of hematopoietic and stromal cells to hypoxia to significantly increase the PDGFRα+ stromal cell population in murine BMSC cultures.
Treatment of an aberrant inferior temporal artery aneurysm arising off the proximal cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery

We report the clinical details, imaging findings, and management of a 41-year-old female who presented with 6th cranial nerve palsy from a right proximal cavernous segment internal carotid artery aneurysm arising distal to the branch point of an aberrant inferior temporal artery. Although rare, aberrant branches arising off the proximal ICA may supply the cerebral cortex. Careful evaluation prior to surgical intervention in this setting may reduce the incidence of ischemic complications.
Compact leakage-free support for integrity and reliability

The memory system is vulnerable to a number of security breaches, e.g., an attacker can interfere with program execution by disrupting values stored in memory. Modern Intel® Software Guard Extension (SGX) systems already support integrity trees to detect such malicious behavior. However, in spite of recent innovations, the bandwidth overhead of integrity+replay protection is non-trivial; state-of-the-art solutions like Synergy introduce average slowdowns of $2.3 \times$ for memory-intensive benchmarks. Prior work also implements a tree that is shared by multiple applications, thus introducing a potential side channel. In this work, we build on the Synergy and SGX baselines, and introduce three new techniques. First, we isolate each application by implementing a separate integrity tree and metadata cache for each application; this improves metadata cache efficiency and improves performance by 39%, while eliminating the potential side channel. Second, we reduce the footprint of the metadata. Synergy uses a combination of integrity and error correction metadata to provide low-overhead support for both. We share error correction metadata across multiple blocks, thus lowering its footprint (by $16 \times$) while preventing error correction only in rare corner cases. However, we discover that shared error correction metadata, even with caching, does not improve performance. Third, we observe that thanks to its lower footprint, the error correction metadata can be embedded into the integrity tree. This reduces the metadata blocks that must be accessed to support both integrity verification and chipkill reliability. The proposed Isolated Tree with Embedded Shared Parity (ITESP) yields an overall performance improvement of 64%, relative to baseline Synergy.
Textured Texts: Demonstration of Investment through Coded Weavings and Fictional Narratives

This work draws from a larger research project that centres a youth summer writing programme. In this article, the author recounts the multiliteracy experiences of a white student who found creativ...