cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Non-Pharmacologic Therapies for Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) continues to present significant therapeutic challenges, especially in severe cases. Navigating the line between risk and benefit can be difficult for more powerful medications such as immunosuppressants, but non-pharmacologic treatments are often overlooked and underutilized. Creative application of these more physical therapies can serve to minimize the pharmacologic treatments and their side effects, and possibly even create synergy between modalities, to maximize benefit to the patient.
Effects of smoking abstinence on impulsive behavior among smokers high and low in ADHD-like symptoms.

Rationale Impulsivity, a multifaceted construct that includes inhibitory control and heightened preference for immediate reward, is central to models of drug use and abuse. Within a self-medication framework, abstinence from smoking may lead to an increase in impulsive behavior and the likelihood of relapse, particularly among persons with disorders (e.g., attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD) and personality traits (e.g., impulsivity) linked to impulsive behavior.
Smartphone-based tactile cueing improves motor performance in Parkinson's disease.

Abstract Introduction Visual and auditory cueing improve functional performance in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, audiovisual processing shares many cognitive resources used for attention-dependent tasks such as communication, spatial orientation, and balance. Conversely, tactile cues (TC) may be processed faster, with minimal attentional demand, and may be more efficient means for modulating motor-cognitive performance. In this study we aimed to investigate the efficacy and limitations of TC for modulating simple (heel tapping) and more complex (walking) motor tasks (1) over a range of cueing intervals, (2) with/without a secondary motor task (holding tray with cups of water). Methods Ten PD patients (71 ± 9 years) and 10 healthy controls (69 ± 7 years) participated in the study. TCs was delivered through a smart phone attached to subjects' dominant arm and were controlled by a custom-developed Android application. Results PD patients and healthy controls were able to use TC to modulate heel tapping (F(3.8,1866.1) = 1008.1, p Conclusion This study expands modalities of TC usage for movement modulation and motor-cognitive integration in PD patients. The smartphone TC application was validated as a user-friendly movement modulation aid.
Eukaryotic Gene Transcription

Gene transcription is the most significant mechanism by which cells control the specific expression of their genes. In this review we will focus on the transcription of protein coding genes in eukaryotic cells. The transcription of these genes is catalyzed by the enzyme RNA polymerase II, and, in addition, involves a host of auxiliary and regulatory components. The expression of these genes is controlled by local chromatin structure, promoter elements, and interactions of stimulatory and inhibitory protein factors that act either specifically at the gene level or more broadly at the genome level. We describe not only the critical elements of promoter structure and how they allow efficient recruitment of the transcriptional machinery to the physical site of the gene, but also the kinetic and functional processes that take place once transcription has begun. Recent concepts regarding rate-limiting steps such as promoter escape, elongation, and termination are discussed; as well as recently-discovered enzymes that make part of the transcription process, such as ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors, histone acetylases, and Mediator complexes. The identification of the various elements of gene transcription and how they affect transcription is key to understanding how signal transduction networks control the expression of specific genes.
A Note on Boundary Regularity for Certain Degenerate Parabolic Equations

Let Ω be an open set in R N, N ≥ 1 of boundary ∂Ω, and for 0 1 are subject to the condition and Δu denotes the gradient of u with respect to the space variables only.
The Santa Cruz Autonomía Movement: Preliminary Considerations on a Case of Non-Indigenous Ethnic Popular Mobilization

This paper discusses the recent autonomy movement in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, within a theoretical framework typically reserved for “ethnic” political or social movements. The paper begins with a brief chronology of the Santa Cruz autonomia movement as it developed into a powerful political oppositional movement during the rise of Evo Morales. In doing so, the movement’s leaders consciously adopted the organizational tactics and forms of discourse typically identified with traditional, indigenous-popular Bolivian social movements. As such, the Santa Cruz case both highlights the fluidity of multiculturalism and challenges our notions of how ethnic identity is publicly constructed.
Elasticity-induced force reversal between active spinning particles in dense passive media

Physics out-of-equilibrium is necessary to understand a variety of interactions, for example in biological systems. Here, the authors show that the interactions between non-Brownian active spinning particles can change from repulsive to attractive depending on the properties of the surrounding passive medium.
Theoretical study of O--O single bond formation in the oxidation of water by the ruthenium blue dimer.

The first key step in the oxidation of water to O2 by the oxidized species [(bpy)2(O)RuVORuV(O)(bpy)2]4+ of the Ru blue dimer is studied using density functional theory (DFT) and an explicit solvent treatment. In the model reaction system [L2(O)RuVORuV(O)L2]4+·(H2O)4·W76, the surrounding water solvent molecules W are described classically while the inner core reaction system is described quantum mechanically using smaller model ligands (L). The reaction path found for the O–O single bond formation involves a proton relay chain: direct participation of two water molecules in two proton transfers to yield the product [L2(HOO)RuIVORuIV(OH)L2]4+·(H2O)3·W76. The calculated ∼3 kcal/mol reaction free energy and ∼15 kcal/mol activation free energy barrier at 298 K are consistent with experiment. Structural changes and charge flow along the intrinsic reaction coordinate, the solvent’s role in the reaction barrier, and their significance for water oxidation catalysis are examined in detail.
COMPARISON ON THE GERMICIDAL EFFICACY OF TWO TYPE GLUTARALDEHYDE DISINFECTANT

Objective To observe the germicidal efficacy of two type glutaraldehyde disinfectant,provide basis for actual application.Methods Physical and chemical analysis and carrier quantitative bactericidal test were used to test disinfectant's associated perperties,with common type glutaraldehyde disinfectant for parallel comparison.Results The average killing logarithm value of Bacillus subtilis var niger spores was 5.09 by 20 g/L of the soft flavor type glutaraldehyde disinfectant solution for 60 min.The average killing logarithm value by common type of glutaraldehyde was 3.98 with the same concentration for 60 min.The concerntration of two glutaraldehyde disinfectant liquid decreased less than 5% after stored under 54℃ for 14 d.Conclusion The soft flavor type glutaraldehyde disinfectant can kill bacteria spores slightly better than the ordinary glutaraldehyde disinfectant,and the two glutaraldehyde disinfectant are both stable.
Human Leukocyte A and B Antigens in Patients with Prostatic Adenocarcinoma

AbstractAn increasing number of diseases has been associated with specific human leukocyte antigens. A total of 100 white men with adenocarcinoma of the prostate was serotyped for 32 A and B antigens. Compared to a control population of 169 white subjects relative risks of 2 or more were associated with the antigens All and A29. Relative risks of 0.20 or less were associated with the antigens AW23, BW21 and BW22. None of these relative risks was significant statistically. We were unable to demonstrate a significant human leukocyte A or B antigen association with adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
MATHEMATICS OF FINANCE

This chapter discusses mathematical methods and formulas that are useful in business and personal finance. For many transactions, interest is added to the principal at regular time intervals so that the interest itself earns interest. This is called compounding of interest. The time interval between successive additions of interest is called the conversion period. The more frequent the compounding, the greater the total interest. The terms principal, amount, future value, and present value have the same meaning in compound interest problems that they have in simple interest problems. For a fixed principal, time period, and annual interest rate, the more frequent the compounding, the greater will be the return on the investment. In continuous compounding, at each instant of time the investment grows in proportion to its current value. The money deducted in advance is called the discount and the money received by the borrower is called the proceeds. The time period between successive annuity payments is called the payment period or payment interval for the annuity.
Solubility of CO2 and N2O in an Imidazolium-Based Lipidic Ionic Liquid.

Imidazolium-based ionic liquids have been extensively studied for their ability to dissolve a wide variety of gases and for their potential to be used as separation agents in industrial processes. For many short chain 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bistriflimde salts, CO2 and N2O solublities are very similar. In this work, the solubility of CO2 and N2O has been measured in the lipidic ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-(Z-octadec-9-enyl)imidazolium bistriflimide ([oleyl-mim][NTf2]) at 298 K, 310 and 323 K up to ∼2 MPa. N2O was found to have higher solubility than CO2 under the same conditions, similar to the behavior observed when olive oil, a natural lipid, was the liquid solvent. However, the solubility of each gas on a mole fraction basis is lower in the ionic liquid than in olive oil. Comparison of the gas solubilities on a mass fraction basis demonstrates that CO2 solubility is nearly identical in both liquids; N2O solubility is higher than CO2 for both liquids, but more so in the olive oil. The difference is attr...
A Very Long Baseline Experiment with a Super Neutrino Beam

An upgrade to the BNL AGS could produce a very intense proton source at a relatively low cost. This proton source could produce a conventional neutrino beam with a very significant flux at large distances from the laboratory. In this paper we examine the possibility of using this neutrino beam for a very long baseline oscillation experiment where a 500 kiloton water Cherenkov detector is situated at the Homestake mine in South Dakota. We study the physics potential of a high intensity neutrino oscillation experiment with a 2540 km baseline and a peak neutrino energy of {approx}1 GeV.
Helicobacter pylori infection and low dietary iron alter behavior, induce iron deficiency anemia, and modulate hippocampal gene expression in female C57BL/6 mice

Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori), a bacterial pathogen, is a causative agent of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease and is a strong risk factor for development of gastric cancer. Environmental conditions, such as poor dietary iron resulting in iron deficiency anemia (IDA), enhance H.pylori virulence and increases risk for gastric cancer. IDA affects billions of people worldwide, and there is considerable overlap between regions of high IDA and high H.pylori prevalence. The primary aims of our study were to evaluate the effect of H.pylori infection on behavior, iron metabolism, red blood cell indices, and behavioral outcomes following comorbid H. pylori infection and dietary iron deficiency in a mouse model. C57BL/6 female mice (n = 40) were used; half were placed on a moderately iron deficient (ID) diet immediately post-weaning, and the other half were maintained on an iron replete (IR) diet. Half were dosed with H.pylori SS1 at 5 weeks of age, and the remaining mice were sham-dosed. There were 4 study groups: a control group (-Hp, IR diet) as well as 3 experimental groups (-Hp, ID diet; +Hp, IR diet; +Hp,ID diet). All mice were tested in an open field apparatus at 8 weeks postinfection. Independent of dietary iron status, H.pylori -infected mice performed fewer exploratory behaviors in the open field chamber than uninfected mice (p<0.001). Hippocampal gene expression of myelination markers and dopamine receptor 1 was significantly downregulated in mice on an ID diet (both p<0.05), independent of infection status. At 12 months postinfection, hematocrit (Hct) and hemoglobin (Hgb) concentration were significantly lower in +Hp, ID diet mice compared to all other study groups. H.pylori infection caused IDA in mice maintained on a marginal iron diet. The mouse model developed in this study is a useful model to study the neurologic, behavioral, and hematologic impact of the common human co-morbidity of H. pylori infection and IDA.
Strategies and Challenges for Distributing Leadership in Communities of Practice

A major concern of higher education in the United States and abroad is increasing the number of college-educated citizens in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. Researchers argue that innovative and empirically tested teaching practices will support STEM college student retention and degree completion. Promoting change in pedagogy reform among faculty is found to be successful in communities of practice (CoP) where individuals come together based on a common interest or passion in a distributed leadership model. In the CoP and distributed leadership literature, leadership is process oriented, shared, situated, and dependent on a positional or key leader, termed the community coordinator. What is not present in the literature is how a community, such as a CoP, manages to continue a distributed leadership model during critical leadership junctures. Drawing on interviews of over 112 individuals, three key themes were identified related to strategies leadership development and challenges for distributing leadership in CoPs beyond the core group. The findings identify the need for a new CoP leadership model that engages the multiple levels of CoP membership in the earlier stages of formation.
Vasoplegia after heart transplantation: outcomes at 1 year.

OBJECTIVES Vasoplegia syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition that can occur following cardiopulmonary bypass. Heart transplantation is a recognized risk factor for developing this vasodilatory state. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of vasoplegia syndrome on 1-year heart transplant outcomes. METHODS A retrospective review of orthotopic heart transplants at a single institution between November 2010 and December 2014 was performed. Of the 347 consecutive adult patients, 107 patients (30.8%) met criteria for vasoplegia syndrome. Preoperative factors and intraoperative variables were collected and compared between vasoplegia and non-vasoplegia cohorts. The incidence of postoperative complications, transplant rejection and patient survival within 1 year were evaluated. RESULTS Demographics and preoperative medication profiles were similar in both groups, while mechanical circulatory support device use was associated with vasoplegia syndrome (30.8% vs 20.0%; P = 0.039). Perioperative characteristics such as longer cardiopulmonary bypass [165.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 74) min vs 140.0 (IQR 42.7) min; P < 0.001] and increased blood product usage (24.7 ± 17.2 units vs 17.7 ± 14.3 units; P < 0.001) were associated with vasoplegia. Non-vasoplegia patients were more likely to be extubated [42.9 (IQR 37.3) h vs 66.8 (IQR 50.2) h; P < 0.001] and discharged earlier [10.0 (IQR 6) days vs 14.0 (IQR 11.5) days; P < 0.001]. One-year patient survival (92.0% vs 88.6%; P = 0.338) and any-treated rejection rates (82.7% vs 84.3%; P = 0.569) were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSIONS Although vasoplegia syndrome was associated with an increase in perioperative morbidity, including greater mechanical ventilation time and hospital length of stay, no significant differences in survival or allograft rejection at 1 year was demonstrated.
CG Versus MINRES: An Empirical Comparison

For iterative solution of symmetric systems the conjugate gradient method (CG) is commonly used when A is positive definite, while the minimum residual method (MINRES) is typically reserved for indefinite systems. We investigate the sequence of approximate solutions generated by each method and suggest that even if A is positive definite, MINRES may be preferable to CG if iterations are to be terminated early. In particular, we show for MINRES that the solution norms are monotonically increasing when A is positive definite (as was already known for CG), and the solution errors are monotonically decreasing. We also show that the backward errors for the MINRES iterates are monotonically decreasing.
Logical pluralism and normativity

We are logical pluralists who hold that the right logic is dependent on the domain of investigation; different logics for different mathematical theories. The purpose of this article is to explore ...
Effects of Local Anesthetics and pH Change on the Platelet “Cytoskeleton” and on Platelet Activation

While platelets may at first appear to be very specialized fragments of cytoplasm, their cytoskeletons share many properties with that of more typical cells. We shall use the term cytoskeleton to mean the Triton-X 100 insoluble residue, obtained under defined conditions, which, when used on platelets attached to a surface, retains the shape of the cell. Most cells are in various states of activity. Since platelets circulate in a resting state, from which they are readily activated, they offer advantages for the study of factors that alter the state of the cytoskeleton. Also, since platelets lack intermediate filaments, properties of the cytoskeletal system that are observed in platelets cannot depend on the presence of the 10 nm filament system.
Flow class analyses of suspended sediment concentration and particle size in a mixed-land-use watershed.

Knowledge gaps remain concerning fundamental suspended sediment physical processes/relationships, such as particle size class dynamics and hydroclimatic variability. Streamwater grab samples were collected four times per week (Oct. 2009-Feb. 2014) at nested-scale gauging sites (n = 5), representing contrasting dominant land use practices. Streamflow was monitored in situ. Grab samples were analyzed for total suspended sediment concentration and mean particle size using laser particle diffraction. Comparisons were performed of suspended sediment parameters corresponding to different streamflow classes (i.e. 20th, 40th, 60th, 80th, and 99th percentile flows). Average suspended sediment concentrations displayed a decreasing trend from the predominately agricultural headwaters to the urbanized mid-watershed, and a subsequent increase to the suburban lower watershed. Results indicated significant (p 0.05) at higher flows. Mean particle size results displayed significant differences (p < 0.05) between flow classes at every site. Notably, results showed a decrease in particle size during progressively higher flows, despite expectations based on stream velocity/competence relationships. Significant (p < 0.05) spatial differences in particle size were found between sites, specifically for flows within the 20th and 40th percentile flow class. However, the spatial pattern was weakened at higher flows (60th, 80th, and 99th percentile flow classes) as sites displayed greater statistical similarity. Collectively, results highlight the compounding influences of streamflow variability and land use practices on suspended sediment regimes; and considering unexpected results regarding relationships between particle size and flow, emphasize the need for continued research concerning particle size dynamics.
American Preservice Elementary Teachers' Self-Reported Learning Outcomes from Participating in Korean Percussion Lessons in a Music-Methods Course.

The purpose of this study was to examine American preservice classroom teachers’ self-reported learning outcomes after partaking in a weekly Korean percussion ensemble in an elementary music-method...
Anthropogenic and climate change impacts on lake-water chemistry over the past 20 years, Upper Midwest, United States

Water data collected from 33 lakes across the Upper Midwest in two sampling regimes spanning ~ 20 years were used to detect changes in water chemistry. Significant increases in chloride, total diss...
Male Chaplains and Female Soldiers: Are There Gender and Denominational Differences in Military Pastoral Care?:

In this study, 15 United States Army chaplain men described the practices they engaged in when providing pastoral support to women soldiers. Many engaged in creating safe spaces for women and thems...
Comparable Patency of Open and Hybrid Treatment of Venous Anastomotic Lesions in Thrombosed Haemodialysis Grafts

Objective Arteriovenous graft (AVG) failures are typically associated with venous anastomotic (VA) stenosis. Current evidence regarding AVG thrombosis management compares surgical with purely endovascular techniques; few studies have investigated the “hybrid” intervention that combines surgical balloon thrombectomy and endovascular angioplasty and/or stenting to address VA obstruction. This study aimed to describe outcomes after hybrid intervention compared with open revision (patch venoplasty or jump bypass) of the VA in thrombosed AVGs. Methods Retrospective cohort study. Consecutive patients with a thrombosed AVG who underwent thrombectomy between January 2014 and July 2018 were divided into open and hybrid groups based on VA intervention; patients who underwent purely endovascular thrombectomy were excluded. Patient demographics, previous access history, central vein patency, AVG anatomy, type of intervention, and follow up data were recorded. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to analyse time from thrombectomy to first re-intervention (primary patency) and time to abandonment (secondary patency). Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate predictors of failure. Results This study included 97 patients (54 females) with 39 forearm, 47 upper arm, and 11 lower extremity AVGs. There were 34 open revisions (25 patches, nine jump bypasses) and 63 hybrid interventions, which included balloon angioplasty ± adjunctive procedures (15 stents, five cutting balloons). Technique selection was based on physician preference. Primary patency for the open and hybrid groups was 27.8% and 34.2%, respectively, at six months and 17.5% and 12.9%, respectively, at 12 months (p = .71). Secondary patency was 45.1% and 38.5% for open and hybrid treatment, respectively, at 12 months (p = .87). An existing VA stent was predictive of graft abandonment (hazard ratio 4.4, 95% confidence interval 1.2–16.0; p = .024). Open vs. hybrid intervention was not predictive of failure or abandonment. Conclusion Hybrid interventions for thrombosed AVGs are not associated with worse patency at six and 12 months compared with open revision.
5′ UTR variants in the quantitative trait gene Hnrnph1 support reduced 5′ UTR usage and hnRNP H protein as a molecular mechanism underlying reduced methamphetamine sensitivity

We previously identified a 210 kb region on chromosome 11 (50.37-50.58 Mb, mm10) containing two protein-coding genes (Hnrnph1, Rufy1) that was necessary for reduced methamphetamine-induced locomotor activity in C57BL/6J congenic mice harboring DBA/2J polymorphisms. Gene editing of a small deletion in the first coding exon supported Hnrnph1 as a quantitative trait gene. We have since shown that Hnrnph1 mutants also exhibit reduced methamphetamine-induced reward, reinforcement, and dopamine release. However, the quantitative trait variants (QTVs) that modulate Hnrnph1 function at the molecular level are not known. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms and seven indels distinguish C57BL/6J from DBA/2J within Hnrnph1, including four variants within the 5′ untranslated region (UTR). Here, we show that a 114 kb introgressed region containing Hnrnph1 and Rufy1 was sufficient to cause a decrease in MA-induced locomotor activity. Gene-level transcriptome analysis of striatal tissue from 114 kb congenics versus Hnrnph1 mutants identified a nearly perfect correlation of fold-change in expression for those differentially expressed genes that were common to both mouse lines, indicating functionally similar effects on the transcriptome and behavior. Exon-level analysis (including noncoding exons) revealed decreased 5′ UTR usage of Hnrnph1 and immunoblot analysis identified a corresponding decrease in hnRNP H protein in 114 kb congenic mice. Molecular cloning of the Hnrnph1 5′ UTR containing all four variants (but none of them individually) upstream of a reporter induced a decrease in reporter signal in both HEK293 and N2a cells, thus identifying a set of QTVs underlying molecular regulation of Hnrnph1.
Gold laser removal of a large ductal cyst on the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis.

Laryngeal cysts are rare lesions of the larynx that are often described on incidental discovery. We report an unusual presentation of a large ductal cyst located on the laryngeal surface of the epi...
Detection of Mycotoxins in Food Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: A Review

Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by fungi that contaminate many important crops worldwide. Humans are commonly exposed to mycotoxins through the consumption of contaminated food products. ...
Decomposing Product Innovativeness and Its Effects on New Product Success

Does product innovativeness affect new product success? The current research proposes that the ambiguity in findings may be due to an overly holistic conceptualization of product innovativeness that has erroneously included the concepts of product advantage and customer familiarity. This article illustrates how the same measures have often been used to assess product advantage with product innovativeness and product innovativeness with customer familiarity. These paired overlaps in measurement use are clarified in this research, which decomposes dimensions of product innovativeness along conceptual lines into distinct product innovativeness, product advantage, and customer familiarity constructs. To further support this decomposition, structural equation modeling is used to empirically test the distinctions. The measurement model supports the conceptual separation, and the path model reveals contingent effects of product innovativeness. Although product innovativeness enhances product advantage, a high level of innovativeness reduces customer familiarity, indicating that product innovativeness can be detrimental to new product success if customers are not sufficiently familiar with the nature of the new product and if innovativeness fails to improve product advantage. This exercise in metric development also reveals that after controlling for product advantage and customer familiarity, product innovativeness has no direct effect on new product profitability. This finding has strong implications for firms that mistakenly pursue innovation for its own sake. Consideration of both distribution and technical synergy as driving antecedents demonstrates how firms can still enhance new product success even if an inappropriate level of innovativeness is present. This leads to a simple but powerful two-step approach to bringing highly innovative products to market. First, firms should only emphasize product innovativeness when it relates to the market relevant concepts of product advantage and customer familiarity. Second, existing technical and distribution abilities can be used to enhance product quality and customer understanding. Distribution channels in particular should be exploited to counter customer uncertainty toward newly introduced products.
Altered plant carbon partitioning enhanced forest ecosystem carbon storage after 25 years of nitrogen additions.

Decades of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition in the northeastern USA have enhanced this globally important forest carbon (C) sink by relieving N limitation. While many N fertilization experiments found increased forest C storage, the mechanisms driving this response at the ecosystem scale remain uncertain. Following the optimal allocation theory, augmented N availability may reduce belowground C investment by trees to roots and soil symbionts. To test this prediction and its implications on soil biogeochemistry, we constructed C and N budgets for a long-term, whole-watershed N fertilization study at the Fernow Experimental Forest, WV, USA. Nitrogen fertilization increased C storage by shifting C partitioning away from belowground components and towards aboveground woody biomass production. Fertilization also reduced the C cost of N acquisition, allowing for greater C sequestration in vegetation. Despite equal fine litter inputs, the C and N stocks and C : N ratio of the upper mineral soil were greater in the fertilized watershed, likely due to reduced decomposition of plant litter. By combining aboveground and belowground data at the watershed scale, this study demonstrates how plant C allocation responses to N additions may result in greater C storage in both vegetation and soil.
Telepsychiatry Today

The use of video-based telepsychiatry is increasing in response to consumer demand for convenient, inexpensive, and readily accessible services; improved financial reimbursement; and a robust body of evidence-based literature. Telepsychiatry leads to high patient and provider satisfaction ratings, and outcomes equivalent to in-person care, while younger generations often prefer telepsychiatry over face-to-face encounters. The evidence base for telepsychiatry is especially strong with respect to the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and ADHD, while its use in underserved ethnic groups is well described in the American Indian, Hispanic, and Asian populations. Despite this, telepsychiatry barriers still persist. These include personal bias—especially in leadership—and insufficient training; the challenging business environment and legislative processes; and inconsistent reimbursement, licensing, and prescription policies. Technology is now less of a barrier, and it is clear that telepsychiatry overall is flourishing and changing the way that providers are working and patients are being treated.
Transitioning from a Traditional Nursing Home Environment to Green House Homes: What are Stakeholders' Attitudes Toward and Satisfaction With the Small House Care Environment

TRANSITIONING FROM A TRADITIONAL NURSING HOME ENVIRONMENT TO GREEN HOUSE HOMES: WHAT ARE STAKEHOLDERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD AND SATISFACTION WITH THE SMALL HOUSE CARE ENVIRONMENT? By Christine A. Harrop-Stein, MS, PhD A dissertation in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University, 2014 Co-Director: J. James Cotter, PhD, Professor, Department of Gerontology Co-Director: E. Ayn Welleford, PhD, Professor, Department of Gerontology This dissertation research was designed as two independent research studies. The first study, qualitative, and non-experimental, aimed to examine residents’, family members’, and staff members’ (stakeholders’) satisfaction with, and attitudes toward Green House living one month prior to moving and again at one and three months after moving. Focus groups were the primary method of data collection. Thirty residents and 40 staff members transitioned to one of three Green House homes beginning January, 2013. Data collected began in December, 2012. Following each focus group, tape recordings were transcribed, and coded. Using grounded theory and the constant comparative method of analysis, themes emerged. Pre-move focus group themes revealed that stakeholders were concerned about (a) the quality of care in a system using fewer staff members and (b) the challenges associated with adjusting to a new environment. Post-move focus group themes revealed that (a) stakeholders remained concerned about staffing levels; (b) residents’ had improvements in appetite, socializing, and ambulation; and (c) staff members struggled with autonomous work teams, but preferred the Green House model of care to that of a traditional nursing home. The final model reflects a synthesis of themes from which self-efficacy beliefs were hypothesized. Themes were also linked to existing gerontological theories: PersonEnvironment Fit, Place-Space, Thriving, and Personhood. The second study, designed to explore the construct validity of the Person-Centered Care Attitude Tool (Per-CCat), consisted of 42 Likert-type questions divided into four sections that align with person-centered care principles. Eighty-six employees of Virginia Mennonite Retirement Community completed the survey; only 70 were analyzed due to missing data. Principal Components Analysis was the analytic approached used for these data. Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity (X = 2006.56, p = 0.000) and Keiser-Myers-Olkins measure of sampling adequacy (0.746) indicated that the data were factorable. The final four-factor 34-item solution aligned with the following person-centered care principals: resident autonomy, social interaction and community, work culture, and feelings toward work. Further validations studies of the Per-CCat are necessary. Given the trend in long-term care toward person-centered care, a validated survey will be useful for hiring and educating caregivers and other nursing home personnel.
Land-mobile and aeronautical applications of ACTS technologies

It is pointed out that the Advanced Communication Technologies Satellite (ACTS) possesses unique technologies and features that will enable a host of proof-of-concept experiments which will demonstrate a variety of mobile applications. The authors identify the challenges facing Ka-band mobile satellite terminals and systems. They also identify the key ACTS technologies needed in support of their development and field characterization. They provide an overview of the land-mobile and aeronautical terminal technologies and system concepts under development and the ACTS experiments being planned for their demonstration. >
New estimates of intertemporal substitution

Abstract This paper estimates the intertemporal elasticity of substitution for married males taking into account that many individuals are at a corner solution for weeks worked by virtue of working year round. The fact that these individuals do not choose to engage in much intertemporal substitution may simply indicate that the corner solution inhibits their ability to do so, rather than indicating a low desire to intertemporally substitute. Our estimates are able to distinguish between these two cases, with the results showing much higher intertemporal elasticities of substitution than reported in earlier studies.
Subprime Mortgages and the Case for Broadening the Duty of Good Faith

In the wake of “the most virulent global financial crisis” caused by defaults in subprime mortgages and derivative financial products in 2007 and 2008, much finger pointing and soul searching have been taking place on different fronts. Scholarly attention primarily focuses on the financial industry and regulations. This article argues that US contract law played an enabling, albeit hidden, role in the subprime mortgage crisis. US contract law facilitated the subprime mortgage crisis in two First, US contract law’s laissez faire paradigm has incentivized parties to pursue their self interests while failing to provide any constraint on excessive pursuit of self interests. Second, the current contract law paradigm has also contributed to the subprime mortgage crisis by having nurtured a US business culture of everyone for him or herself. Contract law’s general tolerance of parties’ single minded pursuit of self interest has led to a “moral deficit.” This article proposes that US contract law adopt a more proactive paradigm by recognizing a broader duty of good faith in economic relationships prior to the formation of a contract.
Ionic monolayers on metals: I. layers of like ions

Abstract We estimate the energy of a layer of like ions adsorbed on an atomically smooth face of a metal crystal. We consider only adions of large radius, so that the method of electrostatic images can be used in evaluating the energy. For periodic layers of high density, we find large deviations from the dipole approximation of Topping. Also, we estimate the increase in electrostatic energy accompanying disordering of a layer, and use the result to discuss thermal disordering of Na and Cs layers on W(110). We emphasize that the charge transfer to a layer of like ions must be small. For example, O and S anions of integral charge cannot form densely packed layers on metals.
Inter- and Intra-granular flux Pinning in Ba(Fe0.91Co0.09)2As2 Superconductors

Abstract Thermally assisted flux flow (TAFF) and flux pinning energiesare studied in a Ba(Fe 0.91 Co 0.09 ) 2 As 2 ( T c = 25.3 K) sample via resistivity and AC susceptibility measurements in magnetic fields up to 18T. The flux pinning energy U ( T,H ) is determined from the Arrhenius law. The pinning maxima well determined by resistivity measurements ranged from 1724 K at 0 T to 585 K at 18 T with a sharp drop off so that U(T=T c ) varied with the applied field H as . The pinning activation energies determined from the AC susceptibility data but were by a factor of three higher, which is explained here. Both inter- and intra-granular pinning energies are determined in low fields. The onset of TAFF temperature and the crossover temperature T x from TAFF to flux flow are determined, showing the limitations of the Anderson-Kim model.
DNA Targeting Sequence Improves Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Plasmid DNA Transfection Efficiency in Model Neurons

Efficient non-viral plasmid DNA transfection of most stem cells, progenitor cells and primary cell lines currently presents an obstacle for many applications within gene therapy research. From a standpoint of efficiency and cell viability, magnetic nanoparticle-based DNA transfection is a promising gene vectoring technique because it has demonstrated rapid and improved transfection outcomes when compared to alternative non-viral methods. Recently, our research group introduced oscillating magnet arrays that resulted in further improvements to this novel plasmid DNA (pDNA) vectoring technology. Continued improvements to nanomagnetic transfection techniques have focused primarily on magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) functionalization and transfection parameter optimization: cell confluence, growth media, serum starvation, magnet oscillation parameters, etc. Noting that none of these parameters can assist in the nuclear translocation of delivered pDNA following MNP-pDNA complex dissociation in the cell's cytoplasm, inclusion of a cassette feature for pDNA nuclear translocation is theoretically justified. In this study incorporation of a DNA targeting sequence (DTS) feature in the transfecting plasmid improved transfection efficiency in model neurons, presumably from increased nuclear translocation. This observation became most apparent when comparing the response of the dividing SH-SY5Y precursor cell to the non-dividing and differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.
A two-parameter accelerating FODO cell

A beamline containing accelerating cavities sandwiched between focusing and defocusing quadrupoles is made periodic by (a) postulating the simplest effect of cavities on transverse dynamics and (b) adopting a fiction that the ratio of initial to final momenta, (p/sub i//p/sub f/) - not the difference in energies, (E/sub f/ - E/sub i/) - is the same for all cavities. While not realistic, the optics of such a linac can be expressed without reference to initial beam parameters, using methods devised for storage rings. We will derive results for a simple two-parameter thin lens model, the parameters being p/sub i//p/sub f/ and the ratio of quadrupole spacing to focal length.
The Effects of Disability Labels on Special Education and General Education Teachers' Referrals for Gifted Programs

This study investigated the effect of the disability labels learning disabilities (LD) and emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) on public school general education and special education teachers' willingness to refer students to gifted programs. Results indicated that teachers were significantly influenced by the LD and EBD labels when making referrals to gifted programs. Both groups of teachers were much less willing to refer students with disability labels to gifted programs than identically described students with no disability label. Additionally, when compared to general education teachers, special education teachers were less likely to refer a gifted student, with or without disabilities, to a gifted program.
Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics (GURT) 2000: Linguistics, Language, and the Professions: Education, Law, Medicine, and Technology.

Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics (GURT) 2000: Linguistics, Language, and the Professions: Education, Law, Medicine, and Technology James E. Alatis, Heidi E. Hamilton, and Ai-Hui Tan, eds. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2000 vi. 279 pp.
Teflon granuloma excision via a lateral laryngotomy

The excision of Teflon granuloma can be performed via a lateral laryngotomy with complete paraglottic dissection. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia using light sedation. Reconstruction of the paraglottic space is performed using an ipsilateral, inferiorly pedicled sternohyoid muscle flap.
Reversal of methylmercury-induced block of nerve-evoked release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction

Abstract Acute bath application of micromolar concentrations of methylmercury (MeHg) blocks the nerve-evoked release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction by presynaptic effects. The goal of the present study was to try to reverse this block of stimulusevoked release. Experiments were conducted using the phrenic nerve hemidiaphragm of the rat and conventional intracellular microelectrode techniques. Myofibers were cut (“cut muscle”) to prevent contractions elicited by stimulation of the phrenic nerve. End-plate potentials (EPPs) were recorded before and during MeHg application and during subsequent reversal attempts. MeHg (100 μ m ) blocked the EPP within 8–9 min of application. The time to block did not differ if Sr2+ (2 m m ) was substituted for Ca2+ prior to exposure to MeHg. Washing the preparation with MeHg-free physiological saline at the time the EPP was blocked failed to reverse the block of synaptic transmission even during protracted washing. Increasing the extracellular [Ca2+] from 2 to 4 m m , or application of 4-aminopyridine (50 or 100 μ m ) failed to reverse block of the EPP. d -Penicillamine was also ineffective at reversing transmission block when applied at 0.4 m m ; however, when applied at 1 m m d -penicillamine caused a return of EPPs in three of eight experiments within 5–20 min of wash. Longer periods of washing with d -penicillamine or use of higher concentrations of d -penicillamine were not effective in reversing transmission block in the refractory preparations. Increasing the intensity or duration of stimulation at the time of EPP block was uniformly successful in reversing MeHg-induced block; in 9 of the 10 preparations tested, EPPs could again be elicited from MeHg-blocked preparations merely by increasing the intensity and/or duration of stimulation, despite the continued presence of MeHg. Following reversal of transmission block by MeHg, continued exposure to MeHg resulted in a subsequent block of the EPP within approximately 3 min. During this subsequent block of the EPP by MeHg, increasing extracellular [Ca2+] or adding 4-aminopyridine did restore synaptic transmission. These results indicate that a temporary reversal of MeHg-induced block of synaptic transmission can be produced and that this effect does not require extracellular Ca2+ during the initial stages, but does seem to require extracellular Ca2+ during later stages.
The Two Rhetorical Presidencies An Analysis of Televised Presidential Speeches, 1947-1991

This research provides an empirical analysis of the determinants of "going public," defined here as a presidential strategy to promote policy initiatives by appealing for public support or calling ...
K4-free graphs with no odd holes

All K"4-free graphs with no odd hole and no odd antihole are three-colourable, but what about K"4-free graphs with no odd hole? They are not necessarily three-colourable, but we prove a conjecture of Ding that they are all four-colourable. This is a consequence of a decomposition theorem for such graphs; we prove that every such graph either has no odd antihole, or belongs to one of two explicitly-constructed classes, or admits a decomposition.
Stem cell factor augments tumor necrosis factor-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-mediated dendritic cell hematopoiesis.

We describe the effects of stem cell factor (SCF) on the dendritic cell (DC) pathway and provide evidence for the existence of a post granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit (GM-CFU) DC progenitor. When employed with cytokines regulating DC development (tumor necrosis factor [TNF] + GM colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]), SCF increased the size of monocyte (mono) and mono-DC colonies arising from cord blood CD34+ progenitor cells. The overall plating efficiency of these colonies increased approximately threefold, as compared with growth in TNF + GM-CSF. Most (approximately 70%) of the CFUs were mono-DC CFU, and SCF did not alter the proportion of mono-DC CFU to mono-CFU obtained with TNF + GM-CSF alone. Proliferation, as measured by thymidine uptake and manual cell counts, at least doubled and occurred earlier (by day 4). In long-term cultures established with TNF + GM-CSF + SCF, high levels of proliferation were prolonged for up to three weeks. These were associated with extended DC development and the capacity to form 2 degree mono-DC colonies. There was no induction of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells in 2 degree cultures treated with either GM-CSF, GM-CSF + SCF or GM-CSF + granulocyte CSF (G-CSF), implying that the DC progenitor being replated was post GM-CFU. DC progeny arising in the presence of SCF exhibited typical DC features including: the lack of nonspecific esterase and phagocytic activity, the presence of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens, the absence of CD14 antigens, and the ability to induce a potent mixed leukocyte reaction. Thus, SCF augments DC growth from progenitor cells without altering the developmental commitment instituted by TNF + GM-CSF. This enhancement follows the same general mechanisms previously reported for SCF-mediated lineage enhancement, i.e., increased colony size, number and plating capacity.
Testing the impact of trying in behavior intervention

Abstract Trying – that is, the initiation of thoughts and efforts directed at end-state goals such as a change in behavior – is key in understanding how smoking cessation and related behaviors succeed or fail. In the past, trying, especially in the context of consumption, was incorporated into traditional attitude models in an effort to predict behavior. However, such efforts have been frustrated by the problem of weak predictiveness, and lack of pragmatic, external validity. This article attempts to measure the impact of trying in a more direct way using a Markovian model. The findings suggest that the trying process is influenced most by the frequency of trying and the recency of past trying. The simulation approach followed in this study is believed to have direct impact on intervention programs directed at hard-core cigarette smokers, alcohol abusers, etc. PsycINFO classification: 2990; 3740; 3920