cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Edmund Husserl, The Apodicticity of Recollection

L'A. traduit sous le titre "The Apodicticity of Recollection" un texte (1922-3) de Husserl dont elle estime qu'il permet une meilleure analyse de la conscience temporelle ainsi que de la relation entre l'experience immediate et la verite authentique.
A novel open-source drug-delivery system that allows for first-of-kind simulation of nonadherence to pharmacological interventions in animal disease models.

Abstract Background Nonadherence to a physician-prescribed therapeutic intervention is a costly, dangerous, and sometimes fatal concern in healthcare. To date, the study of nonadherence has been constrained to clinical studies. The novel approach described herein allows for the preclinical study of nonadherence in etiologically relevant disease animal model systems. New method The method herein describes a novel computer-automated pellet delivery system which allows for the study of nonadherence in animals. This system described herein allows for tight experimenter control of treatment using a drug-in-food protocol. Food-restricted animals receive either medicated or unmedicated pellets, designed to mimic either “taking” or “missing” a drug. Results The system described permits the distribution of medicated or unmedicated food pellets on an experimenter-defined feeding schedule. The flexibility of this system permits the delivery of drug according to the known pharmacokinetics of investigational drugs. Comparison with other methods Current clinical adherence research relies on medication-event monitoring system (MEMS) tracking caps, which allows clinicians to directly monitor patient adherence. However, correlating the effects of nonadherence to efficacy still relies on the accuracy of patient journals. Conclusion This system allows for the design of studies to address the impact of nonadherence in an etiologically relevant animal model. Given methodological and ethical concerns of designing clinical studies of nonadherence, animal studies are critical to better understand medication adherence. While the system described was designed to measure the impact of nonadherence on seizure control, it is clear that the utility of this system extends beyond epilepsy to include other disease states.
Sequence-Independent Acylation of the Vaccinia Virus A-Type Inclusion Protein†

N-Terminal myristoylation of proteins typically occurs cotranslationally via an amide bond to the penultimate glycine residue within the canonical motif (M)GXXX(S/T/A) in a reaction catalyzed by N-myristoyltransferase. A second, less common myristoylation reaction occurs internally at dibasic amino acid doublets of proteins such as alpha-TNF. In this case, myristoylation occurs within a portion of the preprotein, which is subsequently removed by N-terminal proteolysis. The identity of the enzyme catalyzing internal myristoylation is unknown. Considering this information, the vaccinia virus (VV) A-type inclusion protein (ATI) presents a conundrum. Although this cytosolic protein is clearly myristoylated, the protein does not have the N-terminal myristoylation motif nor is it subject to proteolytic maturation. In the experiments reported here, we cleaved VV ATI with cyanogen bromide and determined that the myristoyl moiety was present in the C-terminal half of the protein. We also subjected a tryptic digest of VV ATI to liquid chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry analyses, which indicated that ATI is randomly myristoylated at six different lysines or arginines. Analysis of the modification sites reveals no obvious conserved acceptor motifs or dibasic doublets. Mutation of these residues alone or in combination does not abrogate myristoylation of the protein, suggesting utilization of alternative modification sites. This information implies that the VV ATI protein is myristoylated in a sequence-independent manner. Because viral acylproteins typically utilize the host cell modification apparatus, this result suggests there may be an alternative type of myristoylation pathway in mammalian cells.
On the white dwarf HZ 43 as an extreme-ultraviolet source

It is confirmed by atmospheric modeling that both the visual continuum and the XUV spectrum (60 to 600 A) of HZ 43 can be fitted self-consistently with the emergent flux from a stellar atmosphere having an effective temperature of about 125,000 K and log g of at least 7. An examination of theoretical white-dwarf cooling sequences and estimates of the stellar luminosity indicate that the parameters of HZ 43 are consistent with a hot white dwarf of 0.6 to 1.2 solar masses. The age is estimated to be as short as 100,000 years, raising the possibility that the star may have ejected a planetary nebula or may be surrounded by an expanding H II region. It is concluded that the detection of a planetary nebula shell or an H II region around HZ 43 may provide an astrophysical test of the direct neutrino-electron interaction.
A Leibenstein–Hobbes–Walras Model of Sharecropping

Circumstances under which share tenancy may emerge as a socially viable and incentive-compatible system of land-labor exchange are explored in a model incorporating Leibenstein’s nutrition-effort hypothesis, limited substitution possibilities and endogenous distribution. The model provides a Walrasian resolution of the traditional conundrum of production control under sharecropping. It is shown that a pure sharecropp ing equilibrium with tenant control exists when land is relatively abundant though land rent is zero under either a fixed-rent or wage system. With land relatively scarce, a nearly-symmetric equilibrium with landlord control also exists provided workers share income in the presence of unemployment.
Applications of Kalman filtering to real-time trace gas concentration measurements

A Kalman filtering technique is applied to the simultaneous detection of NH3 and CO2 with a diode-laser-based sensor operating at 1.53 micrometers. This technique is developed for improving the sensitivity and precision of trace gas concentration levels based on direct overtone laser absorption spectroscopy in the presence of various sensor noise sources. Filter performance is demonstrated to be adaptive to real-time noise and data statistics. Additionally, filter operation is successfully performed with dynamic ranges differing by three orders of magnitude. Details of Kalman filter theory applied to the acquired spectroscopic data are discussed. The effectiveness of this technique is evaluated by performing NH3 and CO2 concentration measurements and utilizing it to monitor varying ammonia and carbon dioxide levels in a bioreactor for water reprocessing, located at the NASA-Johnson Space Center. Results indicate a sensitivity enhancement of six times, in terms of improved minimum detectable absorption by the gas sensor.
Infrared action spectroscopy and inelastic recoil dynamics of the CH4-OD reactant complex

A rotationally resolved infrared spectrum of the pure OD overtone band of the CH 4 -OD reactant complex has been observed at 5165.68(1) cm - 1 , shifted -9.03(1) cm - 1 from the infrared overtone transition of OD. The spectrum exhibits homogeneous line broadening, which is estimated to have a zero power line width of 0.10(1) cm - 1 , corresponding to a lifetime for CH 4 -OD (2ν O D ) of 53(5) ps. The OD (υ = 1) product distribution from vibrational predissociation of the complex favors high rotor levels, indicating that the correlated CH 4 fragment is produced with one quantum of bending excitation. The CH 4 -OD results are compared with previous studies in this laboratory of the CH 4 -OH complex, and reveal significant changes in lifetime and vibrational predissociation mechanism upon deuteration.
Clinical review: Considerations for the triage of maternity care during an influenza pandemic - one institution's approach

The ongoing pandemic of 2009 H1N1 swine-origin influenza A has heightened the world's attention to the reality of influenza pandemics and their unpredictable nature. Currently, the 2009 H1N1 influenza strain appears to cause mild clinical disease for the majority of those infected. However, the risk of severe disease from this strain or other future strains remains an ongoing concern and is noted in specific patient populations. Pregnant women represent a unique patient population that historically has been disproportionately affected by both seasonal and pandemic influenza outbreaks. Data thus far suggest that the current 2009 H1N1 outbreak is following this same epidemiologic tendency among pregnant women. The increased predilection to worse clinical outcomes among pregnant women has potential to produce an acute demand for critical care resources that may overwhelm supply in facilities providing maternity care. The ability of healthcare systems to optimize maternal-child health outcomes during an influenza pandemic or other biologic disaster may therefore depend on the equitable allocation of these limited resources. Triage algorithms for resource allocation have been delineated in the general medical population. However, no current guidance considers the unique aspects of pregnant women and their unborn fetuses. An approach is suggested that may help guide facilities faced with these challenges.
Release of Colony Stimulating Factor (CSF) by Non-Endotoxic Breakdown Products of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides

S. Minnesota 1114 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been partially hydrolyzed into a “Lipid A” precipitate and a water-soluble, endo-toxin-free fraction (PS). The latter fraction was as active in CSF as the intact LPS. A rough mutant of, S. Minnesota, the heptoseless R595 strain, synthesizes the lipid moiety of LPS only with KDO attached to it. This glycolipid and the above “Lipid A” preparations were significantly less active than the LPS or PS preparations.
AN ANALYSIS OF NUTRIENT INTAKE FOR SELECTED FAMILIES IN FLORIDA'S EXPANDED NUTRITION PROGRAM*

Since spring 1967 when the late Sen. Robert Kennedy and former Sen. Joseph Clark ‘officially” discovered hunger in less-visited areas of the South, hundreds of newspaper and magazine articles, several books, a television documentary and numerous committees conferences, and agencies have focused on the incidence and consequences of inadequate nutrition in America. Several private and public programs have been created to help alleviate food and nutrition problems of the poor. Among the nutrition education programs, the expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (ENP) is perhaps the most notable. The major aim of ENP is to improve the diets of low-income families by offering homemakers free instruction in food budgeting and shopping, choice and preparation of nutritious meals and in other topics. Instruction is given by aides who personally visit the homes of participating lamilies to discuss these topics with the homemaker.
Differential Susceptibility in Spillover Between Interparental Conflict and Maternal Parenting Practices: Evidence for OXTR and 5-HTT Genes

Guided by the affective spillover hypothesis and the differential susceptibility to environmental influence frameworks, the present study examined how associations between interparental conflict and mothers’ parenting practices were moderated by serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and oxytocin receptor (OXTR) genes. A sample of 201 mothers and their 2-year old child participated in a laboratory-based research assessment. Results supported differential susceptibility hypotheses within spillover frameworks. With respect to OXTR rs53576, mothers with the GG genotype showed greater differential maternal sensitivity across varying levels of interparental conflict. Mothers with one or two copies of the 5-HTTLPR S allele demonstrated differential susceptibility for both sensitive and harsh/punitive caregiving behaviors. Finally, analyses examined whether maternal depressive symptoms and emotional closeness to their child mediated the moderating effects. Findings suggest that maternal emotional closeness with their child indirectly linked OXTR with maternal sensitivity. The results highlight how molecular genetics may explain heterogeneity in spillover models with differential implications for specific parenting behaviors. Implications for clinicians and therapists working with maritally distressed parents are discussed.
Does pre-industrial warming double the anthropogenic total?

According to the early anthropogenic hypothesis, land clearing and agriculture caused emissions of greenhouse gases to begin to alter climate as early as 7000 years ago (Ruddiman, 2003). Climate-mo...
Developing Critical Thinking Through the Study of Paranormal Phenomena

Accounts of popular paranormal phenomena can serve as an ideal medium in which to encourage students to develop their critical-thinking skills. This article describes a cooperative-learning approach used to teach critical thinking in a course on paranormal events. Critical-thinking skills increased; the course and many of its components received high student ratings.
Peer-to-peer approach for global deployment of voice over IP service

IP communication service over Internet has become most interesting research topic in recent years, as the next generation Internet applications are requiring the integration of voice, video and data in the single IP infrastructure. In this study, we focus on designing a scalable voice over IP routing architecture from the network control plan consideration, aiming at dealing with issues related to the global deployment of voice over IP service. Particularly, our technologies include: 1) Peer-to-Peer based call routing architecture. Peer-to-Peer approach can fully supports the variable network topology to satisfy the transition period of global voice over IP deployment in the next several years. We study the routing request forwarding protocol and routing update protocol with designing an efficient multipath routing algorithms to achieve better QoS (Quality of Service) performance. 2) Efficient voice gateway allocation schemes. When the call routing fails in the IP overlay, the call setup can automatically reroute to the PSTN (public switched telephone network) and fault tolerant service can be easily extended. We study how to support differentiated service to satisfy different user requirements. We conduct extensive performance evaluations on different architecture and algorithms. The evaluation results show that the load aware routing scheme can achieve much better performance than static selection scheme in terms of average call routing message delay. The experiment results also demonstrate that the weight based gateway allocation scheme can efficiently support call requests with different QoS requirements.
Two software data organizations that support railroad signaling

One organization supports data in memory; the other supports data in files. Both organizations store data about railroad signal blocks and the way the blocks are organized into lines. A program that uses the organizations was written in the C programming language. The program can create data organizations in memory that represent one or more blocks in a line, save the information in the file organization, read the file back into memory, display a one-line diagram of a block on the computer's console, or delete the information for a block.
Clocked and asynchronous instruction pipelines

Clocked (synchronous) and self-timed (asynchronous) methodologies represent the two principal design approaches associated with timing control and synchronization of digital systems. In the paper, clocked and asynchronous instruction pipelines are modeled and compared. The approach which yields the best performance is dependent on technology parameters, operating range and pipeline algorithm characteristics. Design curves are presented which permit selection of the best approach for a given application and technology environment. >
Stromules: Recent Insights into a Long Neglected Feature of Plastid Morphology and Function

Extensions and protrusions of the plastid envelope had been described a number of times in the pre-1990s literature, including a report in 1888 and a 1908 monograph on plastids (for review, see [Gray et al., 2001][1]; [Kwok and Hanson, 2004a][2]), but they were never generally accepted features of
Social structure and depression in TrevorSpace

We discover patterns related to depression in the social graph of an online community of approximately 20,000 lesbian, gay, and bisexual, transgender, and questioning youth. With survey data on fewer than two hundred community members and the network graph of the entire community (which is completely anonymous except for the survey responses), we detected statistically significant correlations between a number of graph properties and those TrevorSpace users showing a higher likelihood of depression, according to the Patient Healthcare Questionnaire-9, a standard instrument for estimating depression. Our results suggest that those who are less depressed are more deeply integrated into the social fabric of TrevorSpace than those who are more depressed. Our techniques may apply to other hard-to-reach online communities, like gay men on Facebook, where obtaining detailed information about individuals is difficult or expensive, but obtaining the social graph is not.
Adaptive object slip prevention for prosthetic hands through proportional-derivative shear force feedback

Three different object slip prevention controllers are incorporated into a force feedback controller for a prosthetic hand. Proportional and proportional-derivative shear force feedback controllers are explored in addition to an adaptive slip prevention algorithm to update the controllerpsilas estimate on the coefficient of friction as slips occur. Bench top experiments reveal a statistically significant improvement of the adaptive slip prevention controller over the others. Results from eight human test subjects indicate that all three methods of slip prevention significantly improve upon force control.
Molecular Dissection of the Semliki Forest Virus Homotrimer Reveals Two Functionally Distinct Regions of the Fusion Protein

Semliki Forest virus (SFV) is an enveloped alphavirus that infects cells via a membrane fusion reaction triggered by the acidic pH of endosomes. In response to low pH, the E1 proteins on the virus membrane undergo a series of conformational changes, resulting in the formation of a stable E1 homotrimer. Little is known about the structural basis of either the E1 conformational changes or the resulting homotrimer or about the mechanism of action of the homotrimer in fusion. Here, the E1 homotrimer was formed in vitro from either virus or soluble E1 ectodomain and then probed by various perturbants, proteases, or glycosidase. The preformed homotrimer was extremely stable to moderately harsh conditions and proteases. By contrast, mild reducing conditions selectively disrupted the N-terminal region of trimeric E1, making it accessible to proteolytic cleavage and producing E1 fragments that retained trimer interactions. Trypsin digestion produced a fragment missing a portion of the N terminus just proximal to the putative fusion peptide. Digestion with elastase produced several fragments with cleavage sites between residues 78 and 102, resulting in the loss of the putative fusion peptide and the release of membrane-bound E1 ectodomain as a soluble trimer. Elastase also cleaved the homotrimer within an E1 loop located near the fusion peptide in the native E1 structure. Mass spectrometry was used to map the C termini of several differentially produced and fully functional E1 ectodomains. Together, our data identify two separate regions of the SFV E1 ectodomain, one responsible for target membrane association and one necessary for trimer interactions.
Focal Contact and Hemidesmosomal Proteins in Keratinocyte Migration and Wound Repair

Significance: During wound healing of the skin, keratinocytes should move over while still adhering to their underlying matrix. Thus, mechanistic insights into the wound-healing process require an understanding of the forms and functions of keratinocyte matrix adhesions, specifically focal contacts and hemidesmosomes, and their components. Recent Advances: Although the structure and composition of focal contacts and hemidesmosomes are relatively well defined, the functions of their components are only now being delineated using mouse genetic models and knockdown approaches in cell culture systems. Remarkably, both focal contact and hemidesmosomal proteins appear involved in determining the speed and directional migration of epidermal cells by modulating several signal transduction pathways. Critical Issues: Although many publications are centered on focal contacts, their existence in tissues such as the skin is controversial. Nonetheless, focal contact proteins are central to mechanisms that regulate skin cell motility. Conversely, hemidesmosomes have been identified in intact skin but whether hemidesmosomal components play a positive regulatory function in keratinocyte motility remains debated in the field. Future Directions: Defective wound healing is a developing problem in the aged, hospitalized and diabetic populations. Hence, deriving new insights into the molecular roles of matrix adhesion proteins in wound healing is a prerequisite to the development of novel therapeutics to enhance tissue repair and regeneration.
A random graph approach for multicast scheduling and performance analysis

In this paper, we consider scheduling in multicast switching networks, which aims to minimize the multicast latency for a set of multicast requests. Such a problem has been proved to be NP-complete. We propose a simple, fast greedy multicast scheduling algorithm and derive a lower bound and an upper bound on the performance of the algorithm. As can be seen, while a lower bound is fairly straightforward, the upper bound is much more difficult to obtain. By translating the multicast scheduling problem into a graph theory problem and employing a random graph approach, we are able to obtain a probabilistic upper bound on the performance of the multicast scheduling algorithm. Our analytical and simulation results show that the performance of the proposed multicast scheduling algorithm is quite close to the lower bound and is statistically guaranteed by the probabilistic upper bound.
Advances in breast imaging.

Many exciting developments are occurring in breast imaging. Some, such as digital mammography, have the potential to change the field radically, while others will have effects that are more subtle but are equally important. Digital mammography holds the promise of telemammography and computer-aided diagnosis. Mammoscintigraphy may be helpful in identifying drug-resistant tumors before therapy. There is renewed interest in evaluating ultrasound as a potential adjunctive screening tool in women with radiographically dense breasts. Finally, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging may be used more extensively in monitoring tumor response to primary chemotherapy and in the preoperative assessment of patients being considered for breast conservation therapy.
A Unified Analysis-Initialization Technique

Abstract A unified analysis-initialization technique is introduced and tested in the framework of the shallow water equations. It consists of iterating multivariate optimal interpolation and nonlinear normal mode initialization. For extratropical regions, it is shown that such a technique produces an analysis consistent with observational errors and in nonlinear balance. The linear errors of multivariate optimal interpolation associated with geostrophically related covariances are eliminated.
Differences in the accumulation of ion-beam damage in Ni and NiFe explained by atomistic simulations

Abstract Following low-dose irradiation with a 3 MeV beam of Au ions, i.e. less than one displacement per atom, a lower number of defects were experimentally observed in NiFe than in pure Ni. At higher doses, more damage is observed in NiFe than in pure Ni. Also, at these high doses, defect structures are observed deep in the material, far from the region where ions are implanted, more so in Ni than in NiFe. In this study, these experimental results are explained using atomistic modeling. Sequences of overlapping displacement cascades with intervening defect aging are simulated. Evidence is provided that nanosecond aging at 900 K can be used as a surrogate for long-time, room-temperature aging. Then, using this procedure, it is shown that the low defect diffusivity of NiFe leads to less aggregation and recombination events between each displacement cascade in a given volume than in Ni. Variations in the local defect chemistry in NiFe produces a broad spectrum of defect formation energy, leading to the trapping of defects at energetically favorable sites: this explains the low defect diffusivity. Also, this low diffusivity explains why, at high dose, defects in NiFe do not propagate as deeply in the material than in pure Ni.
Coding and Billing for Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

Today, cancer of the prostate has become an everyday problem in most urological practices. In this chapter we will review the coding and billing of the various services provided by urologists for this clinical problem. The correct use of diagnostic and procedural codes will be presented so that entitled reimbursements may be collected for diagnostic and therapeutic services.
Ocular Syphilis: Staring Straight at You (P01.122)

Objective: Syphilis is known as the great 9imitator9 of a myriad of presenting symptoms. This case presentation highlights the difficulty of diagnosing syphilis in the setting of unilateral photophobia. A 54 year old heterosexual male presented with a four month history of progressive left eye photophobia. He denied diplopia or visual field defects. Four months prior, he was treated with topical and oral steroids for inflammatory keratitis with relief; however, photophobia was exacerbated with steroid taper. He served in the Korean War during which he had multiple female sexual partners and did not use barrier contraception. Currently, he is in a four-year monogamous heterosexual relationship. Vital signs stable. Patient is alert and oriented with visual acuity of the right eye 20/20 and left eye 20/400. Fundoscopic exam of the left eye showed interior endothelial keratic precipitates. Neurological exam was unremarkable. Rapid plasma reagin was negative; however, fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption and treponema pallidum hemagglutination were both positive. Lumbar puncture revealed positive CSF RPR and FTA-MB, confirming our suspicion for neurosyphilis. Serology for HIV and assays for the detection of fungal antigen gave negative results. Patient was treated with IV penicillin G 24 million units daily for 14 days. At four month follow up his visual acuity improved and the uveoscleritis had resolved. A re-emergence of syphilis has been reported in the United States and Europe. This case demonstrates that the eye may be one of the numerous sites of syphilitic inflammation and damage. Secondary syphilis caused a progressive deterioration of ocular findings in our patient. This condition may result in permanent loss of vision if not adequately treated. In conclusion, ocular involvement should be carefully evaluated in patients with syphilis, and, at the same time, this infection should be considered as a potential cause of ocular inflammation. Disclosure: Dr. Faridani has nothing to disclose. Dr. Moore has nothing to disclose.
Application of Pervic Spiral CT in The Diagnosis of Appendicitis

Objective To explore the values of pervic spiral CT in the diagnosis and therapy of acute appendicitis for the children with age 1-6 years old. Methods Normal appendix in 0-3 age years old group and 3-6 years group were measured, used the value as control reference ,the appendix of children with suspectable appendicitis also were mesured by using local spiral CT.Then obtained data were compared with normal value,and appendicitis were confirmed with the operation. Results On operation visual field, normal appendix mean of 72 cases external diameter was 4.9±0.8mm in 0-3 years group; 70 cases normal appendix cavity of extranal diameter was 5.1±0.9 mm in 3-6 years group;The sensitivity of 96 %, specificity of 100 % , false positive rate of 0% and false negative rate of 4%,for the spiral CT examination of acute appendicitis in children. Conclusions spiral CT technology significantly improves the ability of preoperative diagnosis of equivocal and suspectable acute appendicitis, it also can reduce morbidity of gravis type appendicitis. So the spiral CT examination have a significant value in early diagnosis of appendicitis.
Evaluation on Implementation Quality of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Measures in Mianyang After Earthquake

Objective To understand the implementation situation of AIDS prevention and treatment work in Mianyang city after earthquake,provide evidence for developing AIDS prevention strategies.Methods According to the "National AIDS Prevention and Control Measures Implementation Quality Assessment Plan",formulated by Chinese center for disease control,from aspects such as epidemic monitoring,infections management,antiviral treatment,high-risk groups intervention,community methadone maintenance treatment,laboratory quality control etc,the implementation quality of HIV/AIDS prevention and control measures in Mianyang during 2008-2010 was evaluated.Results In 2009 and 2010,new HIV infections in local management increased by 48.42% and 130.53% respectively compared to it in 2008.In 2008,6 in 14 evaluation indexes reached assessment standards,8 indexes did not;in 2009,14 in 16 assessment indexes reached assessment standards,2 indexes did not;in 2010,19 in 20 evaluation indexes reached assessment standards,only 1 index did not.Conclusion After the earthquake,,AIDS prevention measures in Mianyang effectively implemented and got achievements,but works such as medical institutions detection capability construction,antiviral treatment should be further strengthened.
Staging Errors in Clinically Localized Prostatic Cancer

AbstractThe interrelationships among tumor grade, local tumor extension, lymph node involvement and early treatment failure were examined in 96 consecutive patients with clinical stage A (11 patients) or B (85 patients) prostatic cancer who were considered potential candidates for radical prostatectomy. In this series 20 of the 82 patients (24 per cent) who underwent radical prostatectomy had local tumor extension beyond the prostatic capsule and 27 of the 88 patients (31 per cent) who had lymph node dissections had nodal involvement. Of the entire group of 96 patients 38 (40 per cent) had either local extension and/or nodal involvement. A direct correlation was observed between clinical stage and the incidence of local tumor extension but not between clinical stage and nodal involvement. However, there was a striking correlation between surgical stage and lymph node involvement in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy. A direct correlation also was observed between tumor grade, and local extension...
Threat of Zika Virus to the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic and Paralympic Games

Purpose of Review The emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas has been met with growing concern in the midst of the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic and Paralympic games. This review aims to evaluate the precedence of other arboviruses epidemics in Brazil, historical precedence of large international events in the setting of mosquito-borne disease epidemics, and recent seasonal decrease in notified cases of ZIKV in Rio de Janeiro to determine the safety of proceeding with the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic and Paralympic games as scheduled.
1947: Year of Crises

The year 1947 opened with the Labour Government in reasonably cheerful mood. ‘Industrially’, according to a leader in the News Chronicle, the year has been marked by steady progress. Unemployment (apart from a few areas in Scotland and Wales) has been almost negligible. Britain, too, is almost the only democratic country in the world which has survived 1946 without a major industrial dispute.1 This afforded a satisfactory contrast with 1919, the first full year after the First World War, when the country had been rent by major industrial disputes.2 Politically, too, the Government’s programme was proceeding according to plan: the coal mines were taken over as the new year began, the Transport Bill had just passed its Second Reading, and within the first two weeks of January two more major bills were published — the Town and Country Planning Bill to control land usage and the bill for the nationalisation of electricity. A Gallup Poll reported that a bare majority of people (52 per cent) were still ‘satisfied’ with Attlee as Prime Minister.3 Being so markedly uncharismatic, he would not have expected to have rated higher; and the poll indicated little change within the preceding two months. A slightly larger majority (54 per cent) thought that Ernest Bevin was ‘doing a good job as Foreign Secretary’.4
The anomalous change in the QBO in 2015–2016

The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is a tropical lower stratospheric, downward propagating zonal wind variation, with an average period of approximately 28 months. The QBO has been constantly documented since 1953. Here we describe the evolution of the QBO during the Northern Hemisphere winter of 2015-16 using radiosonde observations and meteorological reanalyses. Normally, the QBO would show a steady downward propagation of the westerly phase. In 2015-16, there was an anomalous upward displacement of this westerly phase from approximately30 hPa to 15 hPa. These westerlies impinge on, or “cut-off” the normal downward propagation of the easterly phase. In addition, easterly winds develop at 40 hPa. Comparisons to tropical wind statistics for the 1953-present record demonstrate that this 2015-16 QBO disruption is unprecedented.
Construction of the Global Lagrangian Strain Field in the Myocardium Using DENSE MRI Data

The main aim of this study is to generate global strain maps within the myocardial wall. Transmural strain calculations are performed using DENSE MRI data, acquired in a long-axis plane for canine subjects over the complete cardiac cycle. Continuum mechanics formulations were applied to all segments of the myocardium and later analyzed from anatomical and physiological perspectives. Characteristic parameters of the myocardial wall – namely global strain distributions – were quantified by means of numerical analyses of DENSE MR data. Our study demonstrated the initiation of myocardial strain as well as heterogeneous contraction patterns across the ventricle wall. There were measurable wall shear strains throughout the cardiac cycle, with the maximum strain within the long-axis plane concentrated in the septal wall at the start of systole and later becoming more pronounced in the lateral wall in the diastolic period. The methods described will lead to a better understanding of the complex myocardial contraction from these space- and time-resolved data on wall motion.
Using Group Projects in Mis: Strategies for Instruction and Management

Using a project as a principal tool in course pedagogy can have many pitfalls. After examining feedback from our project-based courses in MIS, we implement strategies directed at addressing the problems we found. The course pedagogy uses complementary objectivist- and constructivist-learning environments and is guided by recommendations for successful project management found in the literature. Objectivist content (classroom experience) and constructivist activity (the project) are linked but content precedes the activity in a controlled way. Successful project management tactics guide administrative practices, such as student team selection and group equity. To determine the effectiveness of the strategies in providing a challenging learning experience with few administrative problems, a questionnaire was developed and administered to the students in two MIS courses. The feedback on the pedagogy and administration was positive, but issues still remained. Recommendations for practice are given.
Abstract 1448: Dynamic chromatin modification by tumor secreted Hsp90 modulates EMT and tumor invasion

Tumor metastasis is the main cause of prostate cancer lethality. Pathological reactivation of the developmental genetic program epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) is associated with increased tumorigenesis and invasion, and is considered a primary culprit for tumor dissemination. Hallmarks of EMT include upregulation of the core transcription factors Zeb and Snail, concomitant with suppression of the junctional protein E-cadherin. Overexpression of the epigenetic repressor EZH2, a histone methyltransferase, is also implicated in EMT activation. Although these molecular events are well known to trend with cancer progression, a paucity of knowledge exists regarding identification of the clinically-relevant upstream triggers capable of setting these events into motion. We recently demonstrated that tumor secreted extracellular heat shock protein 90 (eHsp90) initiates EMT events in prostate cancer cells. Moreover, we reported the presence of surface Hsp90 in human prostatectomy specimens, an event highly correlated with elevated expression of a subset of EMT transcripts. The present study reveals novel mechanistic aspects of eHsp90 action. We define an epigenetic function for eHsp90 as a significant regulator of EZH2 expression and activity. This eHsp90-EZH2 axis was found to govern a majority of eHsp909s pro-EMT activity in vitro, and was essential for E-cadherin suppression and tumor invasion in vivo. Upon further investigation, it was revealed that eHsp90 sustained ERK activation. This eHsp90-ERK pathway was required for the increased expression of EZH2, as well as for its directed recruitment to the E-cadherin promoter. Moreover, eHsp90-ERK signaling augmented the epigenetic landscape of Zeb and Snail towards a profile permissive for transcriptional activation. Hence, our findings indicate that eHsp90-ERK signaling has profound effects upon key drivers of cancer progression via the concerted action of epigenetic modulation of EMT effectors and increased EZH2 expression. Collectively, these data support a model wherein tumor eHsp90 functions as an upstream rheostat for EZH2 expression and activity to orchestrate mesenchymal properties and coincident aggressive behavior. Importantly, our findings suggest that eHsp90 may be a clinically relevant instigator in the transition from localized to invasive disease. Citation Format: Krystal D. Nolan, Michael W. Hance, Omar E. Franco, Simon W. Hayward, Jennifer S. Isaacs. Dynamic chromatin modification by tumor secreted Hsp90 modulates EMT and tumor invasion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1448. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1448
Marketing an Information Service: A Case Study of the OECS Economic Affairs Secretariat Documentation Centre.

This case study presents a methodology for marketing an information service which focuses on including information users in the strategic marketing planning process. It describes an attempt to rationalise development of services and to deepen and broaden the base of information products and services offered, beginning with preparation for market growth through analysis, and subsequent limitation, of user groups. An approach to a marketing planning process is identified and the stages in this process - analysis of the environment, information audit, information needs assessment, market opportunity analysis, tactical marketing programme, evaluation - are described. The study concludes that the exercise was simple and inexpensive to implement and therefore a good choice to try out the methodology developed
Test Optimization Using Combinatorial Test Design: Real-World Experience in Deployment of Combinatorial Testing at Scale

Clients today want more for less and the IBM test mantra of Test Less Test Right helps address this ask by placing Combinatorial Test Design (CTD) at the heart of the solution. This document presents two case studies of CTD implementation in client engagements and focuses on the approach, process and challenges addressed to scale up the implementation and make CTD a mainstream activity. The IBM Focus tool was used in both cases to implement Combinatorial Test Design for optimization of tests and for reducing test effort while increasing test coverage.
Drug Modulators of B Cell Signaling Pathways and Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Activation

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human gammaherpesvirus that establishes a latency reservoir in B cells. In this work, we show that ibrutinib, idelalisib, and dasatinib, drugs that block B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and are used in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, block BCR-mediated lytic induction at clinically relevant doses. We confirm that the immunosuppressive drugs cyclosporine and tacrolimus also inhibit BCR-mediated lytic induction but find that rapamycin does not inhibit BCR-mediated lytic induction. Further investigation shows that mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) contributes to BCR-mediated lytic induction and that FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP12) binding alone is not adequate to block activation. Finally, we show that BCR signaling can activate EBV lytic induction in freshly isolated B cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and that activation can be inhibited by ibrutinib or idelalisib.IMPORTANCE EBV establishes viral latency in B cells. Activation of the B cell receptor pathway activates lytic viral expression in cell lines. Here we show that drugs that inhibit important kinases in the BCR signaling pathway inhibit activation of lytic viral expression but do not inhibit several other lytic activation pathways. Immunosuppressant drugs such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus but not rapamycin also inhibit BCR-mediated EBV activation. Finally, we show that BCR activation of lytic infection occurs not only in tumor cell lines but also in freshly isolated B cells from patients and that this activation can be blocked by BCR inhibitors.
Design of a Secure Biofeedback Digital System (BFS) Using a 33-Step Training Table for Cardio Equipment

In order to efficiently instruct aerobic training on cardio equipment, this paper proposes a secure biofeedback digital system (BFS) with a 33-step training table. As a case study, the system is simulated using Virtex5-110t filed-programming gate array (FPGA) to run-time monitor body information and feedback guide the exercise intensity. Experimental results show that the BFS system can be effectively implemented with 11352 slices cost and 618 mW dynamic power consumption. Additionally, the throughput can reach 2.30 Gbps for cipher tests.
Enacting Social Justice Leadership through Teacher Hiring.

Drawn from a compendium of multiple cases, this single-subject qualitative study offers a nuanced depiction of the ways school principals advocate for social justice through teacher hiring. The hiring experiences of one Hispanic female high school principal was used to explore: (a) the principal’s approach to school personnel administration to promote social justice, including the processes, policies, and practices regarding teacher recruitment and selection and (b) the meanings the principal attaches to this approach and its perceived impact.
Low cost x-band phased array for wireless applications

A low cost phased array operating from 8 to 12 GHz is demonstrated. The designed phased array consists of a stripline fed 1×4 H-plane Vivaldi antenna array, monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) switched-line phase shifters, and a broadband power divider. The 1×4 H-plane Vivaldi antenna array provides a directivity of 8 dBi. For the best beam steering performance, calibrated phases in anechoic antenna chamber are utilized for a progressive phase difference at each antenna element.
Task Interdependence and Resource Allocation: Examining Decentralization and Interchangeability

This paper focuses on the interdependence of tasks and their underlying resources. Drawing on organization design’s modularity literature and the resource-based view, we investigate the impact of d...
Low grade spindle cell sarcoma of the true vocal folds

Abstract Laryngeal tumors of non-epithelial origin are uncommon. Spindle cell sarcoma specifically of the true vocal fold is exceedingly rare. A comprehensive morphological and immunohistochemical analysis is necessary for diagnosis. Two cases of true vocal fold spindle cell sarcoma are presented.
Behavior Monitoring Based on Intensity Matrix Distribution in Output Plane of Single-Mode Fiber Bundle

A smart structure using intensity-based optical fiber sensors has the potential to be a simple and low-cost system. In this paper, a novel fiber-optic smart structure system using a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) is demonstrated that simultaneously monitors a number of hetero-core optical fiber bending sensors. The proposed system can integrate a number of optical fiber transmission lines. Therefore, the system does not require a number of photodetectors, which is different from conventional techniques. To simultaneously measure optical intensity, we coupled a number of hetero-core optical fiber sensors to a CMOS camera. The optical fiber sensor can detect macrobending to the optical light intensity. The output images comprise luminance spots distribution directly representing the sensor arrangements in the smart structure. A template matching technique based on the sum of absolute differences was introduced to distinguish between the overall behaviors of structures. A recognition experiment for object shapes was performed with a smart pressure sheet in which hetero-core optical fiber sensors are embedded as a simple case. In addition, a real-time human body posture recognition application was implemented using a fiber-optic smart clothing to apply the proposed system. Recognition results show that all images comprising luminance spots distribution were matched with the correct template images, with an error rate of 0% for 15 trials.
Use of the Ocelot catheter in iliac chronic total occlusion intervention.

Abstract Purpose The optical-coherence tomography guided Ocelot catheter has previously been shown to be a safe and effective tool for crossing peripheral chronic total occlusions. However, the existing literature focuses mostly on the superficial femoral artery, without prior evidence of use within the suprainguinal vasculature. Case series We present the first known cases of the Ocelot catheter for revascularization of chronic total occlusions in the iliac vasculature. In the first case a retrograde approach is used for intervention of the right common iliac artery, while in the second case an antegrade approach is used for revascularization of the left external iliac artery. Conclusions In this case report we first demonstrate as proof of feasibility the use of the Ocelot catheter in suprainguinal artery chronic total occlusions.
SSRI-associated bruxism: A systematic review of published case reports

Purpose of review Antidepressant-associated movement disorders are a well-described phenomenon. However, antidepressant-associated bruxism, jaw pain, or jaw spasm, while reported in dental literature, is less commonly recognized among neurologists. We summarize the clinical features and treatment of antidepressant-associated bruxism and associated jaw pain through a systematic review of case reports. Recent findings Antidepressant-associated bruxism may occur in pediatric and adult patients, most commonly among female patients. Patients may develop symptoms with short-term and long-term antidepressant use. Fluoxetine, sertraline, and venlafaxine were the most commonly reported offending agents. Symptoms may begin within 3–4 weeks of medication initiation and may resolve within 3–4 weeks of drug discontinuation, addition of buspirone, or substitution with another pharmacologic agent. The incidence of this phenomenon is unknown. Summary Bruxism associated with antidepressant use is an underrecognized phenomenon among neurologists, and may be treated with the addition of buspirone, dose modification, or medication discontinuation.