cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Clarifying the Role of Multiple Self-Damaging Behaviors in the Association Between Emotion Dysregulation and Suicide Risk Among College Students

Suicidal behaviors are increasingly prevalent among college students. Although emotion dysregulation is theorized to increase suicide risk, research supporting this relationship is mixed. Engagement in self-damaging behaviors may play a role in the relationship between emotion dysregulation and suicide risk, theoretically by increasing one's capability of engaging in suicidal behaviors. Such behaviors may interact with emotion dysregulation to predict suicide risk. Alternatively, engaging in self-damaging behaviors may mediate the emotion dysregulation-suicide risk relationship. We examined the potential moderating and mediating roles of engagement in multiple self-damaging behaviors in the relationship between emotion dysregulation and suicide risk among college students. Participants were 181 undergraduate students who reported a history of self-damaging behaviors (i.e., non-suicidal self-injury, alcohol misuse, drug misuse, disordered eating), overall emotion dysregulation, and suicide risk. Findings revealed an interactive effect of emotion dysregulation and self-damaging behaviors on suicide risk, with engagement in more forms of self-damaging behaviors conferring higher risk for suicide, particularly in the context of greater emotion dysregulation. The model testing self-damaging behaviors as a mediator was also significant, such that greater emotion dysregulation had an indirect effect on elevated suicide risk via number of self-damaging behaviors. These findings help clarify associations among emotion dysregulation, self-damaging behaviors, and suicide risk, and have implications for specific targets of intervention and for the prevention of suicide by college students.
La poesía de Yolanda Blanco: Cantos de inocencia y de experiencia

En este articulo se presenta el arte de la poetica de Yolanda Blanco y su entendimiento profundo de como la inocencia y la experiencia son dos estados contrarios" del alma humana. Estos dos modos de percibir. ademas, deben iluminarse de una forma dialectica, ya que la la experiencia no es la negacion de la inocencia, sino una cohexistencia contraria capaz de producir una sintesis mayor basada en la revision de la imaginacion hecha tangible a traves de la poesia.
Data-centric Semi-supervised Learning

We study unsupervised data selection for semi-supervised learning (SSL), where a large-scale unlabeled data is available and a small subset of data is budgeted for label acquisition. Existing SSL methods focus on learning a model that effectively integrates information from given small labeled data and large unlabeled data, whereas we focus on selecting the right data for SSL without any label or task information, in an also stark contrast to supervised data selection for active learning. Intuitively, instances to be labeled shall collectively have maximum diversity and coverage for downstream tasks, and individually have maximum information propagation utility for SSL. We formalize these concepts in a three-step data-centric SSL method that improves FixMatch in stability and accuracy by 8% on CIFAR-10 (0.08% labeled) and 14% on ImageNet-1K (0.2% labeled). Our work demonstrates that a small compute spent on careful labeled data selection brings big annotation efficiency and model performance gain without changing the learning pipeline. Our completely unsupervised data selection can be easily extended to other weakly supervised learning settings.
Localization of the Two l-Asparaginases in Anaerobically Grown Escherichia coli

Abstract One of the two l-asparaginases from anaerobically grown Escherichia coli K-12 was released into the surrounding medium both during the formation of spheroplasts by treatment with lysozyme and ethylenediaminetetraacetate and following osmotic shock. This enzyme, asparaginase II, has previously been shown to be active against the growth of mouse lymphomas and to be an effective inhibitor of cell-free protein synthesis in microbial extracts. In the present communication osmotic shock has been used as the first step in the purification of asparaginase II. The other enzyme, asparaginase I, was not liberated from the cells.
Test results of a 1.5 kA HTS current lead for /spl mu/SMES

A pair of 1.5 kA current leads incorporating a conventional (copper) upper stage, a lower BSCCO stage, and intermediate cooling from a twin-cold-finger GM cryocooler have been designed, fabricated and tested. A lower stage has been fabricated and tested using a stacked-tape sample of BSCCO-2223 material donated by American Superconductor Corporation. Test results characterize the helium boil-off rate, cryocooler power consumed, and joint resistances measured during the base line operation of the current leads at various currents. Additionally, the transient performance of the leads in response to a loss of cooling is reported. Here the temperatures and voltage drops at significant locations on the leads are reported as a function of time for the various operation conditions. Test results show that the most significant factor in determining the allowable operation time subsequent to a loss of cooling is the thermal inertia of the cold bus connecting the current leads to the cryocooler. The current leads are designed for use in a /spl mu/SMES system and incorporate the necessary lead-to-lead voltage isolation within the body of the cryocooler.
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the head and neck: Case report, literature review, and pooled analysis of 97 cases.

Background Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare lymphoid neoplasm presenting in the head and neck. There are no pooled analyses of head and neck FDCS cases in the English language literature. Methods A MEDLINE and PubMed review of cases from 1978 to February 2014 was performed. Demographics, clinicopathologic data, and outcomes were summarized. Results We presented 2 patients and analyzed 97 cases. The mean age was 42.7 years (SD = 16.3 years). Outcomes were available for 76 patients. Tumors ≤4 cm had better disease-free survival (63% vs 28% at 5 years; p = .0282). Locoregional recurrence was significantly less likely with surgery and radiation compared to surgery alone (15% vs 45%; p = .019) and in patients receiving a neck dissection (10% vs 43%; p = .046). Conclusion This pooled analysis provides the largest sample size of FDCS of the head and neck to date and suggests that radiation and neck dissection may be beneficial to locoregional oncologic control. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2015
Blazing a trail: Insect-inspired resource transportation by a robot team

We demonstrate a team of real robots that cooperate to robustly transport resource between two locations in an unknown environment. The robots use a trail laying and following algorithm inspired by the trail following of ants and the waggle dance of honey bees. Rather than directly marking their environment, the robots announce landmarks in their odometric localization space. The system tolerates significant odometric drift before it breaks down.
South Pacific biogeography, tectonic calibration, and pre-drift tectonics: cladogenesis in Abrotanella (Asteraceae)

Abrotanella is the basal genus in the large tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae) and has a disjunct distribution in Australasia and South America. A recent molecular phylogeny of the genus was used to investigate whether the main biogeographical patterns in the group could be related to the region's tectonic history in a coherent way. The phylogenetic/biogeographical breaks and overlaps in the genus imply a series of vicariance and range expansion events. Each of these can be related to one of the main tectonic events in the region, including assembly of the New Zealand terranes, crustal extension, and magmatism in Gondwana that preceded seafloor spreading, opening of the Tasman and Pacific basins, and transcurrent movement on the New Zealand Alpine fault. The coincident sequence indicates that pre-drift tectonics and magmatism have been more important for the origin of trans-Tasman and trans-Pacific groups than the final rifting of Gondwana that led to their disjunction. For example, during the pre-drift phase of break-up, the Whitsunday volcanic province of Australia and the Median Batholith of New Zealand formed a large, active igneous belt. Its distribution is aligned with the break between New Zealand–south-eastern Australia clades, and New Zealand–New Guinea clades. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, ••, ••–••.
The evolution of silicon-on-insulator MOSFETs

This paper deals with evolution of silicon-on-insulator MOSFET. In 1964 partially depleted devices fabricated on silicon-on-sapphire substrates was developed and was successfully used in numerous military and civilian applications and still used to realize commercial HF circuits in fully depleted CMOS. The first fully depleted SOI MOSFET was established in early 1980 with superior transconductance, current drive and subthreshold swing. Double-gate SOI MOSFET was established in 1984 with resemblance of the XMOS structure and good short-channel characteristics. Later vertical-channel MOSFET, triangular-wire SOI MOSFET and /spl Delta/-channel MOSFET was established. Practical implementation of planar double-gate MOSFET was observed in 1990. The evolution of SOI MOSFET seems ineluctable as high drive with short-channel immunity becomes a problem and can no longer be solved by classical approach.
The Metroscape: Phenomenology of Measurement

Measurement is an emblematic technology: it is ubiquitous, transforms our experience, withdraws into the background, and is noticed primarily when it breaks down. Measurement is not merely one tool among others, belonging only to separate elements such as rulers, scales, and other instruments, but a fluid and correlated network that is smoothly and intimately integrated into the world and its shape. This paper proposes the concept of metroscape to develop and extend Heidegger’s concept of Gestell.
Small Reovirus Particles Composed Solely of Sigma NS with Specificity for Binding Different Nucleic Acids

We reported previously that polycytidylate [poly(C)]-dependent RNA polymerase activity was a property of small spherical or triangular reovirus-specific particles which sedimented at 13 to 19S and were composed solely of the reovirus protein, sigma NS. Depending on the fraction of cellular extracts from which they were obtained, these particles exhibited marked differences in stability. Most 13 to 19S particles from a particular fraction repeatedly disaggregated into smaller 4 to 5S subunits with no enzymatic activity. Disruption of many particles could be prevented and polymerase activity retained after these particles had bound different single-stranded (ss) RNAs. Our previous results indicated that there was heterogeneity among the 13 to 19S particles in that possession of poly(C)-dependent RNA polymerase activity was a property of only some. Support for this heterogeneity was derived from the demonstration in this report that there were at least three types of binding sites present within particles in any purified preparation: (i) those binding only poly(C); (ii) those binding only reovirus ss RNAs; and (iii) those binding one or the other, but not both at the same time. It is suggested that only those particles able to bind either poly(C) or reovirus ss RNAs had poly(C)-dependent RNA polymerase activity, as reovirus ss RNAs markedly inhibited the polymerase activity. All three size classes of reovirus ss RNAs were equally effective in binding, but once bound, they were not copied. It is possible that heterogeneity in binding capacity of different particles comprised of only one protein, sigma NS, could result from the ability of subunits containing this protein to assemble into slightly different 13 to 19S particles with specificity of binding or polymerase activity conferred by the configuration of the assembled particles. The high capacity of sigma NS to bind many different nucleic acids with some specificity suggests that these particles may act during infection as condensing agents to bring together 10 reovirus ss RNA templates in preparation for double-stranded RNA synthesis.
The dark side of phrónesis: revisiting the political incompetence of philosophy

In his Ethics, Aristotle joins sophrosune and phronesis as synonyms. In approximately the same time frame, Xenophon provides a Wittgensteinian account of a go-and-look instance of what sophrosune looked like in one ancient Greek context. We have a disturbing description of sophrosune in action. It leaves a reader with quitea different picture of the meaning of these two key words from the staid, peaceful, deliberative contemporary interpretations, particularly in Continental philosophy, that attempt to make both phronesis and sophrosune the foundation for a praiseworthy ethics and politics. Continental philosophers like Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer attended closely to Aristotelian phronesis (not the Xenophonic variety), but were unable to put that learning into practice in their own ethical and political lives, making one wonder why followers of Heidegger and Gadamer continue to insist on ethical programs based in the Heideggerian and Gadamerian phronetic tradition, where Aristotle has supplanted Odysseus as the model most associated with phron?sis and sophrosune.
Dietary intervention and training in swimmers.

To ascertain if muscle damage occurred in swimmers as a result of high-intensity training and to find if fluid and dietary manipulation could affect muscle damage, we studied 40 members of the University of Florida swimming team using creatine kinase (CK) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) as markers of muscle damage during a 6-month period of intensive training. During this time, training intensity, fluid intake during exercise and dietary supplementation were all modified one by one to examine their individual effects. During a control period of 4 weeks, all swimmers drank water before and during (120 min) workouts. CK in men at the end of this period averaged 315, SD 122 (normal < 170 IU · l−1). Half of the swimmers were then given 500 ml of a glucose-electrolyte solution (GES) (Na 21 mmol · l−1, Cl 13 mmol · l−1, K 2.5 mmol · l−1, PO4 5 mmol · l−1 and glucose 6%) before workouts and twice at intervals during the workout, while half continued to drink the same volume of water. One week after division into fluid groups, the workout intensity was increased by about 10%. Another week later CK had increased to 500, SD 180 IU · l−1 in swimmers drinking water, but fell to 280, SD 105 IU · l−1 in those drinking GES (P < 0.05). The second phase of the study began after a 4-week control period during which all athletes drank water before and during workouts. The swimmers were divided into four matched groups. Group I drank water before and during workouts and 250 ml of a 16% sucrose solution after; group II drank water before and during exercise and 250 ml of a milk protein supplement (MPS) containing 15 g lactalbumin and 16% sugar afterwards; group III drank GES before and during and the sucrose drink after exercise; group IV drank GES before and during and the MPS drink after exercise. Then during a 6-week period, the intensity of exercise was progressively increased by 25%. CK increased 61% (P < 0.01) in group I men, while it fell 12% (P < 0.05) in groups II and III, and 41% (P < 0.01) in group IV. In women, CK in group I increased 18% (P < 0.05); in group II it decreased 3.5%, in group III was unchanged, and in group IV declined 12.6% (P < 0.05). The final phase of the study was performed on 8 olympic swimmers who performed identical workouts each Saturday for 4 weeks. The 1st week they ingested water before and during exercise and the 16% sucrose solution afterwards. The 2nd week the GES solution was consumed before and during exercise and the sucrose solution afterwards. The 3rd week water was consumed before and during and MPS afterward and the 4th week GES before and during and MPS afterwards. Determination of CK and LDH before, immediately after, and at intervals afterwards showed that CK and LDH increased less when GES was the test fluid during exercise than when water was consumed. Recovery, as judged by return of CK and LDH to control values was more rapid when MPS was the post-exercise fluid than when the sucrose solution was given.
A detailed chemical kinetic model for high temperature ethanol oxidation

A detailed chemical kinetic model for ethanol oxidation has been developed and validated against a variety of experimental data sets. Laminar flame speed data (obtained from a constant volume bomb and counterflow twin-flame), ignition delay data behind a reflected shock wave, and ethanol oxidation product profiles from a jet-stirred and turbulent flow reactor were used in this computational study. Good agreement was found in modeling of the data sets obtained from the five different experimental systems. The computational results show that high temperature ethanol oxidation exhibits strong sensitivity to the fall-off kinetics of ethanol decomposition, branching ratio selection for C2H5OH + OH Products, and reactions involving the hydroperoxyl (HO2) radical. The multichanneled ethanol decomposition process is analyzed by RRKM/Master Equation theory, and the results are compared with those obtained from earlier studies. The ten-parameter Troe form is used to define the C2H5OH(+M) CH3 + CH2OH(+M) rate expression as k∞ = 5.94E23 T−1.68 exp(−45880 K/T) (s−1) ko = 2.88E85 T−18.9 exp(−55317 K/T) (cm3/mol/sec) Fcent = 0.5 exp(−T/200 K) + 0.5 exp(−T/890 K) + exp(−4600 K/T) and the C2H5OH(+M) C2H4 + H2O(+M) rate expression as k∞ = 2.79E13 T0.09 exp(−33284 K/T) (s−1) ko = 2.57E83 T−18.85 exp(−43509 K/T) (cm3/mol/sec) F cent = 0.3 exp(−T/350 K) + 0.7 exp(−T/800 K) + exp(−3800 K/T) with an applied energy transfer per collision value of = 500 cm−1. An empirical branching ratio estimation procedure is presented which determines the temperature dependent branching ratios of the three distinct sites of hydrogen abstraction from ethanol. The calculated branching ratios for C2H5OH + OH, C2H5OH + O, C2H5OH + H, and C2H5OH + CH3 are compared to experimental data. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 31: 183–220, 1999
Linkage of human chorionic gonadotrophin and placental lactogen biosynthesis to trophoblast differentiation and tumorigenesis.

Summary Normal trophoblast of the human placenta elaborates at least two major protein hormones, chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and placental lactogen (hPL). Molar and choriocarcinoma tissues characteristically synthesize large amounts of hCG and small quantities of hPL. To examine the role of trophoblast differentiation in the expression of the hCG and hPL genes, we studied the cytological distribution of their mRNAs in tissue sections of human hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma by in situ hybridization. Histologically, these tissues are in different stages of cellular differentiation. In normal placenta, hCG α/β mRNA can be localized to some cytotrophoblasts and primarily to the syncytium, whereas hPL mRNA appears only in the syncytial layer. In hydatidiform mole, which still retains placental villous morphology, the hPL gene and hCG α and β genes are expressed but are poorly localized because of the admixture of cyto- and syncytiotrophoblasts. By contrast, choriocarcinoma, which is devoid of placental villous pattern but in which the cyto- and syncytiotrophoblast-like components are distinguishable, expresses hCG α and β in the syncytial-like areas but little, if any, hPL. These results suggest that a certain level of trophoblast differentiation, such as villous formation, is associated with hPL expression, while the hCG α gene and, the hCG β gene can be expressed in more disorganized tissues which contain cytotrophoblastic elements.
Chemical relaxation of cyclic enzyme reactions IV. thermodynamics of isomerase systems

Abstract After a discussion of the theoretical basis for perturbation by an external parameter (pressure, temperature, electric field strength), relative equilibrium concentration changes are derived for the simplest cyclic enzyme system, as applicable to isomerases. This system contains only two bimolecular steps. These relative equilibrium concentration changes are written in closed form, first as a function of equilibrium concentration, referring to both the fast and the slow relaxation process. A criterion is also written for checking easily the computations (and the algebra); this criterion is important because of its quite general applicability to the “thermodynamics” of chemical relxation. The output of a computer program is presented in a table, showing also the limits of the program.
Avian Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor*

Avian luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF) was partially purified and characterized. Extracts of chicken hypothalami were purified by ultrafiltration and chromatography on Sephadex G-25 and CM Sephadex C-2S. Columns were monitored by optical density (254 mμ) measurement and vasopressor assay. LRF activity was evaluated by the ability of fractions to elicit release of LH from rat adenohypophyses in vitro. Incubations were conducted in the balanced incomplete block design, and released LH was assayed by radioimmunoassay. Although separation was incomplete, the LRF activity consistently emerged from Sephadex after arginine vasotocin (AVT). For further purification the LRF fraction was applied to a column ( 1 × 7 cm) of CM-Sephadex and eluted in 2 ml fractions with a gradient of ammonium acetate. LRF (tubes 11-20) emerged immediately after the bulk of the optically dense material. The LRF fraction (CM-2) was devoid of vasopressor activity, and all other fractions contained no LRF activity. Synthetic AVT...
Seismic properties of the inner core boundary from PKiKP / P amplitude ratios

A recent study of PKiKP / PcP amplitude ratios found surprisingly low values for the change in density (ΔρICB = 0.3 g/cm3) and shear velocity (ΔSICB = 2.0 km/s) across the inner core boundary (ICB). However, because the data set was limited to small source–receiver distances (< 50°) there was a significant trade-off between the two parameters, with higher values in one parameter nearly compensated by higher values in the other. In this study we augment the existing PKiKP/PcP data set with new observations of PKiKP / P amplitude ratios at larger distances (50–90°), and jointly model the two data sets. Considering assumptions in the modeling and observational errors we estimate ΔρICB = 0.52 ± 0.24 g/cm3 and ΔSICB = 2.82 ± 0.32 km/s. These values can be reconciled with the slightly higher values obtained from normal mode analysis if the outermost inner core is either structurally or chemically distinct from the bulk of the inner core. The new PKiKP / P amplitude ratios show dramatic variation but are geographically coherent; this suggests that significant lateral heterogeneity is present at, or just below, the ICB.
Least Distance Smart Neighboring Search (LDSNS) over Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)

In this paper, we introduce a novel least distance smart neighboring search (LDSNS) to determine the mostefficient path at one-hop distance over WSNs. LDSNS helps to reduce the energy consumption and speeds up scheduling for delivery of data. It provides cross layering support and linking MAC layer with network layer to reduce the amount of control messages. LDSNS is a robust and efficient approach that is based on single-hop communication mechanism. To validate the strength of LDSNS, we incorporate LDSN in Boarder Node Medium Access Control (BN-MAC) protocol [15] to determine the list of neighboring sensor nodes and choosing best 1-hop efficient search to avoid collision and reducing energy consumption. Evaluation of LDSNS is conducted using network simulator-2 (ns2). The performance of LDSNS is compared with minimum energy accumulative routing problem (MEAR) [12], asynchronous quorum-based wakeup scheduling scheme (AQWSS) [14] and Minimum Energy Relay Routing (MERR) [13]. Simulation results show that LDSNS is highly energy efficient and faster as compared with MEAR, AQWSS andMERR. It saves 24% to 62% energy resources and improves12% to 21% search at 1-hop neighboring nodes.
Synthesis and mesomorphic behavior of poly(methylsiloxane)s and poly(methylsiloxane-co-dimethylsiloxane)s containing oligooxyethylene spacers and mesogenic side groups

The synthesis and characterization of poly(methylsiloxanes)s and poly(methylsiloxane-co-dimethylsiloxane)s containing either bis(ethylene oxide) or tris(ethylene oxide) flexible spacers and either 4-methoxy-4′-hydroxybiphenyl a mixture containing a 1:1 ratio of 4-methoxy-4′-hydroxy-α-methylstilbene and 4-hydroxy-4′-methoxy-α-methylstilbene, or 4-[5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-dioxan-2-yl]phenol mesogenic groups, in all combinations, is presented. All polymers and copolymers display smectic mesomorphism. The dependence of phase transition temperatures on the spacer length and copolymer composition is described.
A New Instrument for Assessing Students' Orientations towards Grades and Learning:

The significance of the attitude a student holds towards grades has long been overlooked by researchers. A new paper-and-pencil questionnaire (LOGO), designed to assess whether a student learner is oriented primarily towards learning (LO) or towards grades (GO), is described. Initial evidence supports the reliability and validity of the LOGO Scale, and implications are drawn for its use in research.
MOUSE SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND MUCIN : EMBRYO-SPECIFIC MRNA AND PROTEIN SPECIES

Abstract Mouse submandibular salivary gland (SMG) mucin is the primary histodifferentiation product of submandibular epithelia. We demonstrate marked differences between embryonic, neonatal, and adult SMG mucin mRNA and protein by Northern and Western blot analyses: E17 and 1-day-old neonates exhibit two unique mucin transcripts (1.20 and 0.85 kb) which are approximately 19% greater or smaller in size than the single (1.01 kb) adult transcript. Two embryonic protein isoforms ( M r ~110 and 152 kDa) are immunodetected compared to a single adult protein ( M r ~136 kDa), with the larger (~152 kDa) embryonic isoform persisting in neonatal glands. Mucin transcripts are localized to the branching epithelia in E14 and older SMGs, with increased hybridization signal being seen in terminal bud and proacinar epithelial cells with age; a significant 26% increase in transcript levels is detected by RNase protection assay between E14 and E19. By contrast, submandibular mucin protein is not immunodetected until E17, being primarily immunolocalized to terminal bud and proacinar epithelial cell membranes. Our data clearly shows that substantial qualitative differences exist between embryonic and adult SMG mucin mRNA and protein.
Solvation emission spectral peaks of single molecular oxygen

Abstract Distinct new emission peaks of solvated single (1Δg) molecular oxygen, generated by photosensitization, are observed in a series of oxygen-sa
Robotic surgical system integrated with advanced electronic tracking

Described within is a system for performing a minimally invasive, wireless robotic surgery. To facilitate this means, an advanced electro-magnetic tracking system is used in place of the standard optical tracking systems. This technique will decrease overall radiation, both to the surgeon as well as the patient. Overall accuracy of the procedure will also be increased, thusly increasing the success rate while also decreasing overall time for the surgery.
BicaudalD actively regulates microtubule motor activity in lipid droplet transport.

Background: A great deal of sub-cellular organelle positioning, and essentially all minus-ended organelle transport, depends on cytoplasmic dynein, but how dynein’s function is regulated is not well understood. BicD is established to play a critical role in mediating dynein function—loss of BicD results in improperly localized nuclei, mRNA particles, and a dispersed Golgi apparatus—however exactly what BicD’s role is remains unknown. Nonetheless, it is widely believed that BicD may act to tether dynein to cargos. Here we use a combination of biophysical and biochemical studies to investigate BicD’s role in lipid droplet transport during Drosophila embryogenesis. Methodology/Principal Findings: Functional loss of BicD impairs the embryo’s ability to control the net direction of droplet transport; the developmentally controlled reversal in transport is eliminated. We find that minimal BicD expression (nearBicD null ) decreases the average run length of both plus and minus end directed microtubule (MT) based transport. A point mutation affecting the BicD N-terminus has very similar effects on transport during cellularization (phase II), but in phase III (gastrulation) motion actually appears better than in the wild-type. Conclusions/Significance: In contrast to a simple static tethering model of BicD function, or a role only in initial dynein recruitment to the cargo, our data uncovers a new dynamic role for BicD in actively regulating transport. Lipid droplets move bi-directionally, and our investigations demonstrate that BicD plays a critical—and temporally changing—role in balancing the relative contributions of plus-end and minus-end motors to control the net direction of transport. Our results suggest that while BicD might contribute to recruitment of dynein to the cargo it is not absolutely required for such dynein localization, and it clearly contributes to regulation, helping activation/inactivation of the motors.
Screening and assessment of dialysis graft function

Dialysis graft thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity for patients on chronic hemodialysis. Recent evidence supports the implementation of routine graft surveillance programs to detect early access dysfunction and allow prophylactic repair before complete graft failure occurs. Graft dysfunction may be detected through direct or indirect measurement of changes in graft flow. The principal indicators of graft function include direct physical examination and measurements of blood flow, venous pressure, arterial inflow, and dialysis efficiency. Balloon angioplasty or surgical revision of stenoses detected through periodic graft monitoring reduces the incidence of graft thrombosis and prolongs graft patency.
Renormalization in a combined Lee-Machida field theory

The renormalization of a combined Lee-Machida field theory is re-examined. It is shown that the energy of a new V-ghost found in an earlier investigation is sensitive to the renormalization procedure.
Dissociation Energy of NO and N 2

The vibrational levels of the $X^{2}\ensuremath{\pi}$ ground state of NO have been observed up to $v=23$, or an energy of 4.46 ev. In order that ${D}_{0}(\mathrm{NO})$ be 5.29 ev, a very sharp and sudden drop in the $\ensuremath{\Delta}G(v)$ values is necessary. No such tendency is observed, and therefore the higher value of ${D}_{0}(\mathrm{NO})=6.48$ ev appears most probable. This value then fixes ${D}_{0}({\mathrm{N}}_{2})=9.76$ ev. A new system of NO bands in the near infrared is reported. These are probably due to a $^{4}\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{4}\ensuremath{\pi}$ transition.
Real time microfiberoptic redox fluorometry : modulation of the pyridine nucleotide status of the organogenesis-stage rat visceral yolk sac with cyanide and alloxan

The surface of rat visceral yolk sacs (VYS) of intact, viable rat conceptuses were continuously monitored with a microfiberoptic sensor optimized for detection of the reduced pyridine nucleotides, NADH and NADPH. Model chemical toxins, cyanide and alloxan, were used and evaluated on the basis of their differential ability to modulate NAD(H)- and NADP(H)-dependent cellular pathways, respectively. Exposure with 2 mM sodium cyanide for 5 min caused a reversible fluorescence increase of 325 arbitrary fluorescence units (AFU) and 225 AFU on Gestational Days (GD) 10 and 11, respectively. Exposure with 40 mM alloxan for 5 min resulted in a fluorescence decrease of 170 and 120 AFU on GD 10 and 11, respectively. Glutathione (GSH) levels in the VYS, as determined by HPLC, showed a marked decrease from 27.3 ± 2.1 to 2.9 ± 0.4 pmol/mg protein, within the 5-min alloxan exposure period on GD 10. No decrease in GSH levels was noted for the same exposure duration on GD 11. A 2-hr pretreatment with 25 μM BCNU [(1,3 bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea], to inhibit glutathione disulfide reductase (GSSG-Rd), resulted in an elimination of the fluorescence decrease, but still led to a significant drop in GSH levels as seen on both days of gestation. These results are consistent with overall changes in intracellular pyridine nucleotide concentrations, where the relative amounts of NADPH increase significantly and disproportionately from GD 10 to 11. The net oxidation of NADPH, through GSSG-Rd activity, appears to be responsible for the alloxan-induced decrease in surface fluorescence. Conversely, the cyanide-induced fluorescence increases appear to be the result of NAD+ reduction, mediated through the inhibition of the terminal cytochrome oxidase in the electron transport chain.
Resonances decaying to a photon and a J ( ψ ) particle

If L = 1 orbital excitations /sup 3/P/sub 2/,/sub 1/,/sub 0/ of the J(psi) particle exist (assuming it to be a /sup 3/S/sub 1/ quark-antiquark state), the decays /sup 3/P/sub 2/,/sub 1/ ..-->.. J(psi) + ..gamma.., J(psi) ..-->.. (lepton)/sup +/ + (lepton)/sup -/ are predicted to yield W(/sup 3/P/sub 2/,theta) approximately 1 + (0.4 to 0.6) cos/sup 2/ theta and W(/sup 3/P/sub 1/,theta) approximately sin/sup 2/ theta. Here W(theta) is the distribution in angle theta between the photon and either lepton in the J(psi) rest frame. The decay /sup 3/P/sub 0/ ..-->.. J(psi) + ..gamma.. (which must have W(/sup 3/P/sub 0/,theta) approximately 1 + cos/sup 2/theta) is predicted to be suppressed.
Properties of crystallized trans 1,4‐polyisoprene

Stirrer crystallization of a trans-1,4-polyisoprene fraction(Mn = 3 × 105) was carried out from n-butyl acetate and from n-heptane solutions (2% w/v). Fibrous crystals in the s form were obtained at temperatures of 46-48°C in the two solvents, respectively. At 36-46°C from n-butyl acetate and 25-35°C from n-heptane lamellar crystallization took place leading predominantly to the α form. Melting endotherms and densities for various samples were obtained. The maximum TENDO for α was 74°C and for s 79°C and the maximum weight fraction crystallinity for s was 0.78. The stability of performed α nuclei in n-butyl acetate and n-heptane using a fraction with Mn = 2.5 × 105 was monitored as a function of temperature. The dissolution temperature of fibrous s-TPI with the maximum TENDO was measured in 13 liquids and the results analyzed in terms of the Flory-Huggins parameter. The heats of fusion for the α and s forms, obtained by extrapolation of heat of fusion versus change in specific volume, were found to be 8.0 and 10 kJ mol−1, respectively. The pressure coefficients of the melting temperature were calculated to be 38 and 43 K kbar−1 and the fold-surface free energies recalculated to be 42 ± 1 and 53 ± 1 erg cm−2 for the α and s forms, respectively. The number of monomer units per average noncrystalline chain traverse for the most crystalline fibrous s-TPI was estimated at 36.
Block-based fair queuing: An efficient network QoS provisioning algorithm for high-speed data transmission

We propose an extension of WFQ, called BWFQ, to reduce the computation time and guarantee the QoS performances as well. Simplifications of the WFQ algorithm may degrade the performance of all sessions. Instead, BWFQ dynamically aggregates packets in advance and performs scheduling in unit of block. Block size is controlled by a parameter called granule. Each session has a granule setting in accordance with its delay tolerance. Delay-insensitive sessions form larger data blocks so that a lot of computation time at scheduling is saved. BWFQ also employs block-preemptive scheduling to allow interruption of the block on service and switch to another one with the highest priority. Performance isolation guarantees a delay upper bound for every session that is independent of others' granule settings. Simulation results show that BWFQ is capable of saving a great amount of computation, especially under traffic congestion.
A Prospective Randomized Comparison of Defibrillation Efficacy of Truncated Pulses and Damped Sine Wave Pulses in Humans

Damped Sine Wave Defibrillation Pulses. Introduction: Damped sine wave pulses have been used for nearly 50 years in transthoracic defibrillation systems. The purpose of this study was to determine whether damped sine wave pulses have a role in implantable defibrillators. Methods and Results: In 21 survivors of cardiac arrest, we prospectively compared defibrillation efficacy of a standard truncated capacitor (RC) monophasic pulse with a damped sine wave inductor-capacitor (LRC) pulse using a right ventricular-left ventricular epicardial patch-patch electrode system. The RC pulse was a standard 65% tilt monophasic waveform generated from a 120μF capacitor. The LRC pulse was designed to simulate the waveform currently used in transthoracic defibrillators and was generated by passing the charge stored on a 40μF capacitor through a 37-mH inductor. Capacitor voltage, peak delivered voltage, peak delivered current, discharge pathway resistance, delivered energy, and stored energy were compared for the two waveforms at the defibrillation threshold. There was no difference in defibrillation efficacy for the two waveforms. Peak delivered voltage was similar at the defibrillation threshold: 313 ± 101 V for the RC pulse and 342 ± 119 V for the LRC pulse (P = 0.16). Similarly, no differences were found in defibrillation threshold peak delivered current: 8.6 ± 2.5 (RC) versus 9.3 ± 2.7 (LRC) amperes (A) (P = 0.20); discharge pathway resistance: 37 ± 11 (RC) versus 38 ± 13 (LRC) O (P = 0.71); delivered energy: 7.0 ± 4.5 (RC) versus 7.0 ± 4.0 (LRC) joules (J) (P = 0.88); and stored energy: 8.7 ± 5.7 (RC) versus 9.8 ± 5.4 (LRC) J (P = 0.35). Although both waveforms performed the same, it was necessary to use substantially higher stored voltages with the damped sine wave delivery system than with the truncated waveform delivery system: 356 ± 110 V for the RC pulse and 675 ± 192 V for the LRC pulse (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that RC monophasic pulses provide equally effective epicardial defibrillation as LRC pulses with respect to delivered voltage and current and stored and delivered energy. However, in order for LRC pulses to provide comparable delivered voltage, current, and energy to that of RC pulses, nearly twice the voltage must be stored on the capacitor to accomplish the same task. These findings suggest that despite the nearly 50-year experience with damped sine wave pulses with transthoracic defibrilliitors, there is no need to begin using damped sine wave pulses for implantabte defibrillators. Moreover, these data raise a question regarding the need for inductors in transthoracic defibrillators.
Biomedical Engineering in Health Care - Potential Versus Reality

Although we have heard a great deal about the potential of biomedical engineering in health care, utilization of engineering and technology in the health care field has not progressed as expected. Reasons for this situation are presented and they include the points of view in industry, engineering and the medical community. Expanded and successful use of clinical engineers in health care institutions, the development of relevant educational curricula and a continuum of medical engineering education, as well as early involvement of biomedical engineering in the planning of health care delivery at Federal, State and district levels, could expedite the engineering medical interaction.
Optimization of quench history of aluminum parts for superior mechanical properties

Cooling of an age-hardenable aluminum alloy after the high temperature forming process influences the metallurgical structure and, hence, the mechanical properties of the part. An intelligent spray quenching system is proposed which selects the optimal spray nozzle configuration based on part geometry and composition such that the quenched part attains superior mechanical properties. The present study demonstrates a method for maximizing the magnitude and uniformity of hardness (and yield strength) and qualitatively minimizing residual stresses within the quenched part by manipulation of spray intensity and hydrodynamic characteristics. Furthermore, the quenching of a complex-shaped alloy with multiple, partially overlapping sprays was successfully modeled using spray heat transfer correlations as boundary conditions within a finite element program. The results of this study facilitate the eventual incorporation of optimization techniques such that the nozzle configuration for a given part can be selected prior to quenching, thus achieving superior part quality with minimal costs.
Is intrinsic asthma synonymous with infection

Rackemann described the 'intrinsic asthma' population over 50 years ago as a unique subgroup that was characterized by onset of progressive loss of lung function beginning later in life, possibly after a respiratory infection. It has also been associated with a female predominance, aspirin-sensitive bronchospasm, and nasal polyposis. While the aetiology is not understood, we propose that persistent respiratory infections play a central role in the development of intrinsic asthma.
The Sloop ISA and the SMOK toolkit

Sloop-SMOK is a toolkit designed to improve the student design experience in a machine organization course taken by undergraduates in their first year as computer science majors. Students in this course have had some programming experience, and may have taken a one-quarter digital design course. Before Sloop-SMOK, assignments in this course were typically assembly language program implementations of functions related to architecture. The major goals in building Sloop-SMOK were to improve the relevance of homework assignments to machine organization and to emphasize some fundamental concepts of modern processors not easily addressed previously.Sloop-SMOK has two components. The Sloop is a machine architecture designed to allow implementation of a modern version of the 6502, the processor used in one of the early Atari game stations. The Sloop defines a RISC ISA and a set of on-the-fly translations from the original 6502 CISC ISA into Sloop instructions. The Sloop Machine Organization Kit (SMOK) is a general-purpose software machine organization simulator. The components of a SMOK model are at the level of detail found in typical machine organization texts: ALUs, register files, logic gates, and the like. SMOK provides a graphical interface to construct and debug models.As homework assignments, students use SMOK to build Sloop machines that successfully run most original 6502 games. Extensions to SMOK provide specific help with these Sloop models. Of particular importance is support for debugging: SMOK, when used to build a Sloop machine, runs a software 6502 simulator and compares the behavior of the student's Sloop machine against the simulator on a per-memory-operation basis. This feature simplifies debugging of Sloop machine organization by raising an error at the earliest cycle at which the student's machine is known to deviate from correct behavior.Sloop-SMOK, including downloadable software, documentation, and course assignments, is available at http://www.cs.washington.edu/software/SMOK
Fatigue damage assessment using x-ray diffraction and life prediction methodology

Abstract X-ray diffraction line broadening was used to monitor surface damage due to deformation (distortion) that was induced by low cycle fatigue. The integral breadth of selected diffraction peaks was identified as a useful parameter with which to evaluate cumulative fatigue damage. Torsional fatigue tests were conducted on nickel-based Waspaloy material which exhibited planar slip at 1200° F (649°C). X-ray diffraction measurements were taken at 22, 41, 60, and 90% of the life. The data disclosed an increase in breadth with each increment of cycling. The results obtained from line broadening analysis were carefully correlated with observations made on the specimen surface using scanning electron microscopy which showed the progressive distortion occurring in the cycled specimen. The integral breadth, β, was successfully correlated with the applied shear strain to predict the expended fraction of life and hence the remaining cyclic life.
Feasibility studies of simultaneous multianalyte amperometric immunoassay based on spatial resolution

A multianalyte immunoassay concept based on the geometric separation of different analyte-specific antibodies has been demonstrated. The assay and amperometric detection are done in a cell with two working electrodes controlled at the same potential, and the amperometric signal at each electrode is monitored. The distance between any two adjacent electrodes in this prototype is 2.5 mm, and during the course of amperometric measurement, the product formed at one electrode does not reach the other working electrode within 20 min after the addition of enzyme substrate. Thus, the method relies on the spatial resolution between the different antibodies being such that measurements are taken before cross-interference due to diffusion can occur. Identical enzyme labels (alkaline phosphatase, ALP) and substrates (p-aminophenyl phosphate, PAPP) are used for all analytes. Alkaline phosphatase-conjugated rat anti-mouse IgG was immobilized by passive adsorption. Our studies showed that this concept is feasible and can be applied to the simultaneous measurement of multiple analytes.
Complexation and intramolecular alkylation of bipyridyl ligands by Zr(OAr)2R2 (R = CH3, CH2Ph) compounds

Abstract Addition of the α-di-imine ligands 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy), 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine (4,4′-Me2bipy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) to the bis-alkyls Zr(OAr-2,6Bu2t)2(R)2 (OAr-2,6Bu2t = 2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide; R = CH3, CH2Ph) results in the formation of two types of product. In the case of the dimethyl substrate a simple adduct such as Zr(OAr-2,6Bu2t)2(Me)2(bipy) is generated. However, with dibenzyl the products obtained are the result of an intramolecular alkylation of the α-di-imine ligands. Spectroscopic data confirm the asymmetric nature of the ensuing alkylated heterocycles. A single crystal X-ray diffraction study on Zr(OAr-2,6Bu2t)2(Me)2(4,4′-bipy) confirmed the stoichiometry and showed a very crowded coordination sphere about the six-coordinate metal centre with the two trans methyl groups being severely bent towards the bipyridine chelate rings.
Fibronectin Aggregation and Assembly THE UNFOLDING OF THE SECOND FIBRONECTIN TYPE III DOMAIN

The mechanism of fibronectin (FN) assembly and the self-association sites are still unclear and contradictory, although the N-terminal 70-kDa region (I1–9) is commonly accepted as one of the assembly sites. We previously found that I1–9 binds to superfibronectin, which is an artificial FN aggregate induced by anastellin. In the present study, we found that I1–9 bound to the aggregate formed by anastellin and a small FN fragment, III1–2. An engineered disulfide bond in III2, which stabilizes folding, inhibited aggregation, but a disulfide bond in III1 did not. A gelatin precipitation assay showed that I1–9 did not interact with anastellin, III1, III2, III1–2, or several III1–2 mutants including III1–2KADA. (In contrast to previous studies, we found that the III1–2KADA mutant was identical in conformation to wild-type III1–2.) Because I1–9 only bound to the aggregate and the unfolding of III2 played a role in aggregation, we generated a III2 domain that was destabilized by deletion of the G strand. This mutant bound I1–9 as shown by the gelatin precipitation assay and fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis, and it inhibited FN matrix assembly when added to cell culture. Next, we introduced disulfide mutations into full-length FN. Three disulfide locks in III2, III3, and III11 were required to dramatically reduce anastellin-induced aggregation. When we tested the disulfide mutants in cell culture, only the disulfide bond in III2 reduced the FN matrix. These results suggest that the unfolding of III2 is one of the key factors for FN aggregation and assembly.