cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
NITRIC OXIDE ATTENUATES THE RENAL HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSES TO INCREASED PERIPHERAL AND RENAL SYMPATHETIC NERVE ACTIVITY

The role of nitric oxide (NO) in renal function was evaluated under conditions of elevated peripheral and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), achieved by bilateral carotid occlusion (CO) in anesthetized dogs. Renal function was monitored during CO with the NO system intact and with it blocked by the administration of L-NAME. With NO intact, CO increased arterial pressure and heart rate. With renal perfusion pressure held constant, CO also significantly decreased renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by 46% and 43%, respectively. CO, after L-NAME administration, resulted in a significantly exaggerated renal vasoconstriction. RBF and GFR decreased by 82% and 80%, respectively. Changes in water and sodium excretion were not different between the NO-intact and NO-blocked states during CO. These studies were also performed with the converting enzyme inhibitor, Captopril. The exaggerated renal hemodynamic responses to CO with NO synthesis inhibition were identical with or without Captopril. These findings indicate that under conditions of elevated peripheral and RSNA, NO plays an important role in modulating renal hemodynamics, but not sodium excretion. This effect does not appear to involve angiotensin II.
Probing Nanoscale Chemical Segregation and Surface Properties of Antifouling Hybrid Xerogel Films

Over the past decade there has been significant development in hybrid polymer coatings exhibiting tunable surface morphology, surface charge, and chemical segregation-all believed to be key properties in antifouling (AF) coating performance. While a large body of research exists on these materials, there have yet to be studies on all the aforementioned properties in a colocalized manner with nanoscale spatial resolution. Here, we report colocalized atomic force microscopy, scanning Kelvin probe microscopy, and confocal Raman microscopy on a model AF xerogel film composed of 1:9:9 (mol:mol:mol) 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), n-octyltriethoxysilane (C8), and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) formed on Al2O3. This AF film is found to consist of three regions that are chemically and physically unique in 2D and 3D across multiple length scales: (i) a 1.5 μm thick base layer derived from all three precursors; (ii) 2-4 μm diameter mesa-like features that are enriched in free amine (from APTES), depleted in the other species and that extend 150-400 nm above the base layer; and (iii) 1-2 μm diameter subsurface inclusions within the base layer that are enriched in hydrogen-bonded amine (from APTES) and depleted in the other species.
An Approach of Building Microblog Smiley Emotion Lexicon and Its Application for Sentiment Analysis

As a new network language,smiley has been widely used in microblog and can represent the user's mood and thought to a certain extent.Moreover,smiley will affect the result of the microblog sentiment analysis.In this paper,an idea building sentiment lexicon for the smileys is proposed based on statistics data of microblog.By analyzing sentiment orientation of texts co-occurring with smileys in microblog,the sentiment orientation of every smileys is assigned.Based on the approach,a smiley lexicon is built for sentiment analysis,so as to support the sentiment analysis of microblog and other user generation information with smileys on Web.Moreover,the smiley lexicon is fed back to their microblog texts for re-measuring orientation value of words in the texts and improving existing sentiment lexicon,so as to acquire more accurate sentiment analysis results.Experiments show the effectiveness of this method and analyze the related threshold setting on the influence of the results.
The Expressions and Clinical Significance of HIF- 1αand MRP in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Objective To evaluate the expression of HIF-1αand MRP in epithelial ovarian tumor by immunohistochemistry and analyse the association among their expressions,which may reveal the role of hypoxia in the pathogenesis and progression of ovarian caricinoma.Methods The expression of HIF-1αand MRP in epithelial ovarian cancer,bordline tumor and benign ovarian tumor tissues were evaluated using immunohistochemistry respectively.Results The positive rates of HIF-1αand MRP in epithelial ovarian carcinoma were significantly higher than benign and borderline tumors;The expression of HIF-1αand MRP had correlation with each other;The 3-year survival rate and clinical remission rate were significantly lower in patients who have HIF-1αand MRP positive expression than the negative group(all P0.001).Conclusion HIF-1αand MRP has synergistic effect in their expression so as to induce tumor drug resistance.Detection of HIF-1α in combination with MRP will provide a promising method to evaluate the effect of chemical therapy and prognosis estimation in ovarian carcinoma.
An Empirical Based Study on Becoming a Published Marketing Educator

It is axiomatic that many marketing educators are be-seeched to do publishable research. In numerous institutions, a professor’s educational responsibilities fall in the domain of teaching, community/university, and research. The admistration and type of collegiate institution will usually dictate the degree of emphasis for each responsibility. With certain academic pressures of AACSB requirements, promotion-tenure requirements, job mobility or security, merit pay, and an advanced technological society, published research requirements may be either an opportunity or nemesis for many marketing professors. To make it more palatable, it is essential for academicians to learn and adopt the "tricks of the trade" of becoming published-especially in referred journals.
Communication and Conflict in Marriage

(1983). Communication and Conflict in Marriage. Annals of the International Communication Association: Vol. 7, Communication Yearbook 7, pp. 414-430.
Pheromone communication in the reproductive behavior of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus †

Behavioral studies indicate the presence of a pheromone in the urine of pre‐ and post‐pubertal molt females of Callinectes sapidus which releases courtship behavior in mature males. Ablation experiments suggest that males detect the chemical signal primarily via chemoreceptors on the outer flagella of the antennules (first antennae). Relative to other sensory information, the pheromone of pubertal females is of key importance in initiating the male's courtship behavior.
Personality and Bipolar Disorder

Most investigations of the relationship between personality and depression have been confined to unipolar affective disorders and have excluded bipolar disorders. Investigations of bipolar disorders, on the other hand, have focused predominantly on psychobiological aspects of the illness and its pharmacological treatment. As a result, the role of personality in bipolar disorder has been a relatively neglected area of study.
Elimination of Tobacco mosaic virus from irrigation runoff using slow sand filtration

Abstract Slow sand filters (SSF) are effective in removing pythiacious organisms from captured runoff to prepare the water for reuse in irrigation. Plant viruses can also be present in this runoff, but until this study, it hadn’t been clearly shown that SSFs can remove these pathogens. In this study, purified preparations of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) were regularly added to captured irrigation runoff water that was provided to the SSFs. Water samples were collected weekly from sampling ports above and below the sand bed and tested for the presence of TMV by ELISA and inoculation to indicator plants. Biologically viable TMV passed through the sand filters for approximately 5 weeks, followed by a gradual reduction and then elimination of detectable amounts of the virus by week 6–9. Testing of water samples continued for several more weeks after the initial loss of virus titer to confirm complete elimination. This is the first controlled study showing elimination of a plant virus from captured irrigation runoff using SSFs. Since TMV is a highly robust organism, it is likely that other plant pathogenic viruses can also be removed using SSF systems.
A personalized medicine approach to identifying dysregulated epigenetic enzymes in the development of castrate-resistant prostate cancer.

237Background: Recent advances in proteomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation tools have been crucial in studying cancer epigenetics but the ability to measure directly the enzyme activities of dysregulated histone-modifiers is lacking. We utilize a novel approach to identify altered histone-modifying enzymes in the progression from hormone sensitive (HS) to castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progression. Methods: We developed, validated and utilized a high-throughput peptide microarray assay to identify altered histone lysine (de)acetylation activity in tumor lysates. Functional assays, novel HS and CRPC human tumor arrays and xenografts were utilized to confirm these findings. Results: This microarray-based activity assay revealed up-regulated histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity against specific histone H3 sites in a castrate-resistant CR cell line compared to its hormone-sensitive (HS) isogenic counterpart. NAD+-dependent deacetylation assays revealed down-regulated Sirtuin activity in vali...
Detection of Deafness in Puppies Using a Hand-Held Otoacoustic Emission Screener

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a hand-held otoacoustic emissions screener to detect deafness in puppies. Specifically, distortion product otoacoustic emissions were recorded from 34 puppies (both sexes) of a variety of breeds, from 6-10 wk of age, and the results were compared to brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) recorded from the same puppies. Recordings were obtained from both ears in awake or lightly anesthetized puppies, and the results from each ear were compared. In all 62 ears that had normal BAERs, the distortion product otoacoustic emissions screener gave a response of "Pass." The three puppies that had flat BAER recordings in one or both ears provided a screener result of "Refer." In two ears with unusual BAERs (waveforms with reduced amplitudes and prolonged latencies) and a "Refer" response from the screener, there was compacted debris in one external ear canal, and the other ear canal was normal. The screener technology has proven application in human infants and is an attractive alternative to BAER testing in puppies because of expense and ease of use.
Benner's Novice to Expert Model: An Application for Simulation Facilitators.

This paper details the application of Benner’s Novice to Expert Model to simulation educator knowledge, skills, and attitude for academic and practice settings. Facilitator development in the use of simulation methods is gaining more attention and support. If simulation is to continue to advance as a discipline, a theoretical basis is needed. The Novice to Expert Model provides the necessary conceptual structure to guide simulation facilitator development and assist in understanding learning trajectory. This theory-based approach that defines and operationalizes the five stages of development provides guidance for development resources, educational programs, and infrastructure needed at various program levels.
Branched Peptides: Acridine and Boronic Acid Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents

The emergence of microbial resistance presents a challenge in the development of next generation therapeutics. Herein, we report the discovery of branched peptides decorated with acridine and boronic acid moieties with potent antimicrobial activity. The results revealed minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) as low as 1 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Escherichia coli. These peptides were nonhemolytic, and significantly inhibited growth of C. albicans in suspension and biofilm formation. Structure–activity relationship studies suggest the acridine functional group as a driving force for the potent inhibition observed against bacteria.
Sources of springtime surface black carbon in the Arctic: an adjoint analysis for April 2008

Abstract. We quantify source contributions to springtime (April 2008) surface black carbon (BC) in the Arctic by interpreting surface observations of BC at five receptor sites (Denali, Barrow, Alert, Zeppelin, and Summit) using a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) and its adjoint. Contributions to BC at Barrow, Alert, and Zeppelin are dominated by Asian anthropogenic sources (40–43 %) before 18 April and by Siberian open biomass burning emissions (29–41 %) afterward. In contrast, Summit, a mostly free tropospheric site, has predominantly an Asian anthropogenic source contribution (24–68 %, with an average of 45 %). We compute the adjoint sensitivity of BC concentrations at the five sites during a pollution episode (20–25 April) to global emissions from 1 March to 25 April. The associated contributions are the combined results of these sensitivities and BC emissions. Local and regional anthropogenic sources in Alaska are the largest anthropogenic sources of BC at Denali (63 % of total anthropogenic contributions), and natural gas flaring emissions in the western extreme north of Russia (WENR) are the largest anthropogenic sources of BC at Zeppelin (26 %) and Alert (13 %). We find that long-range transport of emissions from Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (also known as Jing–Jin–Ji), the biggest urbanized region in northern China, contribute significantly (∼ 10 %) to surface BC across the Arctic. On average, it takes ∼ 12 days for Asian anthropogenic emissions and Siberian biomass burning emissions to reach the Arctic lower troposphere, supporting earlier studies. Natural gas flaring emissions from the WENR reach Zeppelin in about a week. We find that episodic transport events dominate BC at Denali (87 %), a site outside the Arctic front, which is a strong transport barrier. The relative contribution of these events to surface BC within the polar dome is much smaller (∼ 50 % at Barrow and Zeppelin and ∼ 10 % at Alert). The large contributions from Asian anthropogenic sources are predominately in the form of chronic pollution (∼ 40 % at Barrow, 65 % at Alert, and 57 % at Zeppelin) on about a 1-month timescale. As such, it is likely that previous studies using 5- or 10-day trajectory analyses strongly underestimated the contribution from Asia to surface BC in the Arctic.
Doubled clitics are pronouns

Controversy and uncertainty have plagued the question of whether “object markers” (OMs) are object pronouns cliticized to the verb or realizations of object agreement. Using data from Amharic, we address this question from a new perspective. Specifically, we claim that Amharic OMs should be analyzed as clitics because they are unable to double nominals that are quantified, anaphoric, or contain a variable bound by a quantifier. These restrictions can be derived from familiar principles of grammar—the Weak Crossover condition and the Binding theory—if and only if the OM is taken to be a pronoun (D) adjoined to v at LF. We then explain in terms of syntactic structure why these OMs can double even nonreferential DPs in experiencer subject constructions, whereas they cannot double theme arguments in unaccusatives or passives. Finally, we consider whether our analysis provides a diagnostic that distinguishes pronominal clitics from agreement morphemes across languages. OMs in Greek, Bulgarian, and Spanish seem to work broadly like Amharic, confirming that they are pronominal clitics. In contrast, OMs in Burushaski and Sambaa behave like agreement, even though certain other putative diagnostics suggest they might be clitics. We thus confirm that both object clitics and object agreement exist.
Efficacy of robotic versus open transversus abdominis release in a porcine model

Transversus abdominis muscle release (TAR) combines retromuscular mesh placement with posterior component separation and muscle release. TAR is usually an open technique for abdominal wall reconstruction; however, several centers have performed this operation robotically and claim better clinical outcomes when compared to open surgery. We sought to compare robotic versus open TAR utilizing a porcine model. Animals were randomized to open versus robotic TAR with mesh placement, survived for 4 weeks, then underwent diagnostic laparoscopy to assess adhesive burden and adhesion tenacity. T-peel testing was utilized to assess mesh ingrowth. The primary outcome was adhesive burden; secondary outcomes included mesh incorporation, contraction, and operative time. Nine robotic and eight open TARs were performed. Mean operative time was significantly shorter for the open cases compared to robotic cases (88.6 ± 12.9 min versus 228.3 ± 46.2, p < 0.01). Operative time in the robotic arm of the study decreased over time, from 300 to 165 min. No difference was seen in the mean adhesion area between the two groups. Adhesion tenacity and mesh flatness were similar. The work required to peel the mesh off surrounding tissue was significantly higher in the open TAR than in the robotic TAR group: 52.6 ± 15.5 and 32.9 ± 10.6 mJ/cm2, respectively (p < 0.01). There were no differences in adhesions between the robotic and open approaches, but greater mesh contraction and ingrowth was observed in the open TAR group. Though operative time was longer in the robotic group, time dropped by about 40% from the first case to the last.
Celebrating 25 Years of MicroRNA Research: From Discovery to Clinical Application.

In 1993, the Ambros lab reported the cloning and developmental function of lin-4, the first microRNA [...]
Advancing Drug Development in Gynecologic Malignancies

Gynecologic malignancies continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States despite recent advances in oncologic therapies. To realize the promise of immunotherapy and biomarker-driven approaches to improve clinical outcomes for patients, better communication among stakeholders in the drug development and approval pathways is needed. To this end, the FDA-AACR-SGO Drug Development in Gynecologic Malignancies Workshop brought together clinicians, patient advocates, researchers, industry representatives, and regulators in June 2018, to review the state of the science in gynecologic cancers and explore how scientific advances impact approval processes. Topics of discussion and key takeaways are summarized in this Perspectives in Regulatory Science and Policy article. Single-agent immunotherapies have demonstrated variable and often modest response rates among gynecologic cancers. Combination therapies and other novel approaches, such as cell-based therapies, may show improved efficacy compared with single-agent immunotherapies; however, utilizing innovative clinical trial designs will be necessary to progress further. Companion and complementary diagnostics inform physicians of potential benefits of specific therapeutics for patients; however, they serve different functions that have important regulatory implications, thus trialists should understand the distinctions between diagnostic types. PARP inhibitors hold great promise for treating ovarian cancers, both as monotherapies and in combination with chemotherapeutics, other targeted agents, and immunotherapies. Rare gynecologic cancers often exhibit unique molecular characteristics that can serve as effective targets to which novel therapeutics can be developed. This workshop highlighted the importance of future open discussions on scientific and regulatory challenges in drug development for gynecologic malignancies.
COVID-19 in humanitarian settings and lessons learned from past epidemics.

In the COVID-19 pandemic, the most vulnerable people are most likely to be the hardest hit. What can we learn from past epidemics to protect not only refugees but also the wider population?
JC Polyomavirus Infection Potentiated by Biologics

The risk of JC polyomavirus encephalopathy varies among biologic classes and among agents within the same class. Of currently used biologics, the highest risk is seen with natalizumab followed by rituximab. Multiple other agents have also been implicated. Drug-specific causality is difficult to establish because many patients receive multiple immunomodulatory medications concomitantly or sequentially, and have other immunocompromising factors related to their underlying disease. As use of biologic therapies continues to expand, further research is needed into pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of JC polyomavirus encephalopathy such that risk for its development is better understood and mitigated, if not eliminated altogether.
Incorporating Textile-Derived Cellulose Fibers for the Strengthening of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate for 3D Printing Feedstock Materials

Unprecedented levels of production and consumption has led to solid waste accumulation in landfills and oceans. Two significant landfill constituents are textile waste and discarded plastic bottles. Since there is a finite amount of space available for landfill use, solutions that reuse these post-consumer products are imperative. The work presented here is a methodology for producing natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFRPCs) from pseudo-raw materials. Post-consumer textile waste and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) water bottles were made compatible by way of surface modifications. Melt compounding was used to form a monofilament feedstock for extrusion-based 3D printing platforms. Hydrolysis and functionalization of cellulose fibers from white denim cloth was performed. It was found that adding recycled textile fibers to the recycled PET matrix had a toughening effect. Materials characterization involving dynamic mechanical analysis, attenuated total reflectance, impact testing, melt flow index, and scanning electron microscopy were carried out to verify the efficacy of the functionalization process and to ascertain the robustness of the filler/matrix interface. The outcome is a demonstration of a feasible method for the repurposing of waste products for 3D printing applications.
Pain Management in the Unstable Trauma Patient

Review the current literature regarding the optimal approach to pain control in unstable trauma patients, specifically focusing on the initial management of pain and rapid transition to multi-modal agents. There is a clear benefit to multi-modal analgesia instituted as rapidly as possible in trauma patients. While early management of pain depends upon the use of short-acting IV opioids, the rapid transition to adjunctive pain control strategies is optimal. The benefits include not only improved patient experience but also improved physiologic parameters and lower long-term risk of chronic pain and disability. The initial management of pain in unstable trauma patients is focused on titrating short-acting IV opioids to effect. Rapid institutions of multi-modal pain control, however, can improve short-term pain management while reducing the physiologic load imposed by uncontrolled pain and reduce the risk of long-term chronic pain and opioid misuse.
Reassessing the Returns to Analysts' Stock Recommendations

After a string of years in which security analysts' top stock picks significantly outperformed their pans, the years 2000 and 2001 were disasters. During those two years, the stocks least favored by analysts earned an average annualized market-adjusted return of 13.44 percent whereas the stocks most highly recommended underperformed the market by 7.06 percent, a return difference of more than 20 percentage points. This pattern prevailed during most months of 2000 and 2001 and was observed for both technology and non-technology stocks. Additional analysis suggests that these poor results were driven, at least in part, by analysts' tendency to recommend small-capitalization growth stocks during those years, despite the fall of those stocks from favor. Whether or not this preference was motivated by a desire to attract and retain the most lucrative investment banking clients, our findings should add to the debate over the usefulness of analyst stock recommendations. They should also serve to alert researchers to the possibility that excluding 2000 and 2001 from their sample periods could have a significant impact on any conclusions they draw about analyst stock recommendations.
Formation, characterization and modeling of emergent synthetic microbial communities.

Abstract Microbial communities colonize plant tissues and contribute to host function. How these communities form and how individual members contribute to shaping the microbial community are not well understood. Synthetic microbial communities, where defined individual isolates are combined, can serve as valuable model systems for uncovering the organizational principles of communities. Using genome-defined organisms, systematic analysis by computationally-based network reconstruction can lead to mechanistic insights and the metabolic interactions between species. In this study, 10 bacterial strains isolated from the Populus deltoides rhizosphere were combined and passaged in two different media environments to form stable microbial communities. The membership and relative abundances of the strains stabilized after around 5 growth cycles and resulted in just a few dominant strains that depended on the medium. To unravel the underlying metabolic interactions, flux balance analysis was used to model microbial growth and identify potential metabolic exchanges involved in shaping the microbial communities. These analyses were complemented by growth curves of the individual isolates, pairwise interaction screens, and metaproteomics of the community. A fast growth rate is identified as one factor that can provide an advantage for maintaining presence in the community. Final community selection can also depend on selective antagonistic relationships and metabolic exchanges. Revealing the mechanisms of interaction among plant-associated microorganisms provides insights into strategies for engineering microbial communities that can potentially increase plant growth and disease resistance. Further, deciphering the membership and metabolic potentials of a bacterial community will enable the design of synthetic communities with desired biological functions.
Can a Fruit Fly Learn Word Embeddings

The mushroom body of the fruit fly brain is one of the best studied systems in neuroscience. At its core it consists of a population of Kenyon cells, which receive inputs from multiple sensory modalities. These cells are inhibited by the anterior paired lateral neuron, thus creating a sparse high dimensional representation of the inputs. In this work we study a mathematical formalization of this network motif and apply it to learning the correlational structure between words and their context in a corpus of unstructured text, a common natural language processing (NLP) task. We show that this network can learn semantic representations of words and can generate both static and context-dependent word embeddings. Unlike conventional methods (e.g., BERT, GloVe) that use dense representations for word embedding, our algorithm encodes semantic meaning of words and their context in the form of sparse binary hash codes. The quality of the learned representations is evaluated on word similarity analysis, word-sense disambiguation, and document classification. It is shown that not only can the fruit fly network motif achieve performance comparable to existing methods in NLP, but, additionally, it uses only a fraction of the computational resources (shorter training time and smaller memory footprint).
Engagement with mobile health interventions for depression: A systematic review.

Abstract Background Depressive disorders are a major public health problem, and many people face barriers to accessing evidence-based mental health treatment. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions may circumvent logistical barriers to in-person care (e.g., cost, transportation), however the symptoms of depression (low motivation, concentration difficulties) may make it difficult for people with the disorder to engage with mHealth. Objective The aim of this systematic review is to examine assessment and reporting of engagement in clinical trials of mHealth interventions for depression, including objective engagement (e.g., number of times program is used), subjective engagement (e.g., qualitative data on users' experiences), and associations between engagement and other clinically important variables (e.g., symptom improvement, participant characteristics). Methods Three electronic databases (PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed) were searched in February 2020 using search terms for mHealth and depression. Studies were included in the review if they tested a mHealth intervention designed for people with depressive disorders or elevated depression symptoms. Results Thirty studies met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Most studies reported objective engagement (N = 23, 76.7%), approximately half reported subjective engagement (N = 16, 53.3%), and relatively few examined associations between engagement and clinical improvement, participant characteristics, or other clinically relevant variables (N = 13, 43.3%). Conclusions Although most studies in this small but rapidly growing literature report at least one measure of engagement, there is substantial heterogeneity. Intentional, theory-driven, and consistent measurement of engagement with mHealth interventions for depression may advance the field's understanding of effective engagement to facilitate clinical improvement, identify dose-response relationships, and maximize generalizability for underserved populations.
Studies on free and membrane-bound ribosomes in rat liver: I. Distribution as related to total cellular RNA

The distribution of RNA in rat liver has been determined to be: 80% ribosomal RNA, 15% non-sedimentable RNA, and 4 to 5% nuclear RNA. Ribosomal RNA which occurs in free ribosomes, not attached to membranes, has been found to amount to 20% of the cellular RNA. Membrane-bound ribosomes contain 60% of the cellular RNA. Both the ribosomal and non-sedimentable RNA fractions have been characterized in terms of their sedimentation profiles in sucrose gradients. The amount of RNA per mg DNA in fed rats is increased over the amount found in fasted rats; however, the distribution of RNA among the fractions studied is not significantly different between fasted and fed rats. There are approximately 6 × 106 ribosomes per average liver cell in fed rats, with approximately 10 molecules of non-sedimentable RNA per ribosome.
Where Are You Stuck? John Baptist de La Salle's Thought and Modern Clinical Psychology

The following paper is a theoretical exploration of the work of John Baptist de La Salle and modern clinical psychology. The author takes an integrative approach in addressing the congruencies of the thought of John Baptist de La Salle and modern clinical psychology. In particular, the essay addresses the issues of countertransference, structure and boundaries, and the concept of process. The author defines these critical concepts in their modern usage and explicates clear areas of congruency and possible integration with Lasallian thought, particularly in the work of John Baptist de La Salle and Brother Agathon. It is exhibited that the work of La Salle was both psychologically sound and prescient. This interdisciplinary approach has important implications for Lasallian higher education, particularly as the Lasallian mission continues to adapt in the 21st century. These implications will be addressed in a later essay. The current work focuses on the theoretical underpinnings of modern psychology and the more time-tested work of John Baptist de La Salle.
Extreme Returns without News: A Microstructural Explanation

What triggers extreme exchange-rate returns? Though news is the source of volatility in standard theoretical models, in reality volatility is often unrelated to news. This paper shows that extreme exchange-rate returns -- and, more generally, high kurtosis of returns -- are statistically inevitable even in the absence of news. We identify four microstructural sources of return kurtosis in price-contingent order flow: (1) high kurtosis in the distribution of price-contingent order sizes; (2) clustering of price-contingent order executions at certain times of day; (3) clustering of order executions at certain price levels; and (4) the tendency of positive-feedback trading to propagate trends. Using simulations calibrated to price-contingent orders placed at a major foreign exchange dealing bank we show that when each factor operates in isolation, the one that contributes most to kurtosis in returns is kurtosis in the order-size distribution. When the factors operate simultaneously, however, their interactions prove far more important. Extreme returns in the absence of news should be viewed as natural rather than anomalous.
The shifting conceptualization of elder abuse in the United States: from social services, to criminal justice, and beyond

A variety of forces have shifted the conceptualization of elder abuse over time to where it is almost unrecognizable when compared to its original conceptualization. The field has adopted or embraced whatever social problem is in vogue in an attempt to elevate elder abuse to a recognizable social problem that to date has eluded the field. This paper traces the various influences on the shifting conceptualizations of elder abuse and how those conceptualizations have shaped society's response. The paper concludes by suggesting that multiple conceptualizations can and must co-exist, a framework which is consistent with the multidisciplinary team approach becoming prevalent in the field.
Nonlegal Citations and the Failure of Law: A Case Study of the Supreme Court 2010-2011 Term

Nonlegal citations both exist and proliferate within contemporary judicial opinions. This realization could — indeed, it should — lead the reader to ask a fundamental question: What are these nonlegal citations doing in a judicial opinion?This article aims to answer that question. I present in this article an empirical view of the Supreme Court’s relationship to nonlegal citations in its jurisprudence, using the Supreme Court’s October 2010 Term as a case study. By analyzing the number and usage of nonlegal citations from this Term, as well as the information collected by earlier scholars studying similar material, I provide the beginnings of an explanation of what exactly nonlegal sources are used for in Supreme Court opinions, both rhetorically and legally. In doing so, I hope to help clarify why nonlegal citations exist in Supreme Court opinions at all.
Effects of tidal height and wave exposure on cirrus and penis morphology of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita stalactifera

Exposure to wave action and other environmental factors can alter the morphology of intertidal barnacles. We tested several hypotheses on the causes of morphological variation in the cirri and penises of the barnacle Tetraclita stalactifera at sites differing in wave exposure, at different heights in the intertidal zone, and at different levels of population density. Unlike many other acorn barnacle species, cirrus and penis characteristics did not correspond to differences in wave exposure or crowding. However, barnacles from higher tidal elevations had thicker cirri and thicker penises than those from lower elevations. Because of reduced time submerged at higher elevations, increased thickness may be a means of compensating for reduced feeding and mating opportunity by allowing for continued feeding and mating attempts during periods of greater wave action. Our observations of differences in cirrus and penis morphology suggest that phenotypic plasticity in penis and cirrus characteristics are adaptations shared by the species T. stalactifera and other acorn barnacles, but that T. stalactifera responds differently to environmental stimuli than do other species.
Optimizing the Solution Conditions to Solve the Structure of the Connexin43 Carboxyl Terminus Attached to the 4th Transmembrane Domain in Detergent Micelles

AbstractpH-mediated gating of Cx43 channels following an ischemic event is believed to contribute to the development of lethal cardiac arrhythmias. Studies using a soluble version of the Cx43 carboxyl-terminal domain (Cx43CT; S255–I382) have established the central role it plays in channel regulation; however, research in the authors' laboratory suggests that this construct may not be the ideal model system. Therefore, we have developed a more ‘native-like’ construct (Cx43CT attached to the 4th transmembrane domain [TM4-Cx43CT; G178–I382]) than the soluble Cx43CT to further investigate the mechanism(s) governing this regulation. Here, we utilize circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to validate the TM4-Cx43CT for studying channel gating and optimize solution conditions for structural studies. The data indicate that, unlike the soluble Cx43CT, the TM4-Cx43CT is structurally responsive to changes in pH, suggesting the presence of the TM4 facilitates pH-induced structural alterati...
(En)countering Orientalism in High Fashion: A Review of India Fashion Week 2002

(2003). (En)countering Orientalism in High Fashion: A Review of India Fashion Week 2002. Fashion Theory: Vol. 7, No. 3-4, pp. 361-376.
Academic locus of control, type A behavior, and college absenteeism.

Responses from 40 women and 56 men to the Academic Locus of Control Scale and the Framingham Type A Scale were unrelated to each other but correlated .49 and .55 and −.32 and −.37, respectively, wi...
GRAZING OF FRESHWATER RHODOPHYTA1

ASTRACT Grazing of freshwater Rhodophyta was examined from three perspective: observation of algal fragments in gut contents of herbivores collecte from streams with populations of red algae, measurement of ignestion rates of three inveratebrates in single diet and choice experiments and analysis of potential food value of the rhodophytes by determining protein, carobohydrate, lipid and estimated caloric contents. The algal thallus forms studied were Audouinella violacea (Kutz.) Hamel, which consists of simple filaments growing in dense tufts, Batrachospermum virgatum (Kutz.) Sirod., which is a densely branched mucilaginous filament, and Tuomeya americanna (Harv.) Papenfuss, which is a branched cartilaginous psedoparenchyma. The thirteen invertebrate taxa containing pieces of one or more of these algae in theri guts included two amphipods, two mayfly larvae, three caddisfly larvae, one beetle larva, four chironomids and one snail. The frequencies with which the Rhodophyta were found in the gut contents were as follows: Audouinella 31%, Tuomeya 38%, Batrachospermum 46% and “chantransia stages” 54%. In all of the individual and choice experiments, Audouinella was ingested at the greates rate, followed by Batrachospermum and then Tuomeya, regardless, of the grazer. Audouinella had the highest protein and lipid contents while Tuomeya displayed the opposite trent. All three rhodophytes had very large calofic values (5.0–6.8 kcal μg−1 dry weight) due to their high lipid and low ash contents. Therefore, preferential grazing of Audouinella appears to be bases on its simple thallus and high protein contents rather than its calorific value.
Monoclonal gammopathies in B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas

The association of monoclonal gammopathy (MG) with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) is a well known phenomenon. The aim of the present work was to study the incidence, type of monoclonal component and prognostic significance of MG in a population of 255 cases with B-cell NHL. Among 255 evaluable patients with B-cell NHL, 145 were males and 110 females with a median age of 58 years (range 18-85). There were 166 patients with the various subtypes of aggressive (intermediate/high grade) NHL and 89 with the various subtypes of low risk. MG was detected in 44 patients (17.2%) with a median age of 61 years (range 23-79). There were 22 cases (8.6%) with IgG type (IgG/(k) 15, IgG/(lambda) 7), 4 cases (1.6%) with (IgA/(k) 3, IgA/(lambda) 1) and 18 cases (7.0%) with IgM (IgM/(k) 12 IgM/(lambda) 6). MG was found in 15.6% of the patients with aggressive NHL, while in low risk NHL the incidence was 20.2% (N.S.). The type of MG according to histological classification was as follows: Aggressive NHL: IgG 17 cases, IgA 2 cases, IgM 7 cases: low risk NHL: IgG 5 cases, IgA 2 cases, IgM 11 cases. The distribution of MG according to stage of the disease was as follows: stage I (4.5%), stage II (18%), stage III (6.8%) and stage IV (70.4%). The median survival of patients with aggressive NHL with MG was 17 months compared to 40 months of those without (P=0.22). Similarly the median survival of patients with low risk NHL and MG was 51.5 months compared to 38.5 months of those without (P=0.90). In conclusion MG was detected in 17.2% of cases with B-cell NHL. IgG-MG was more frequent in cases with aggressive NHL, while IgM in cases with low risk NHL. MG was mostly associated with advanced stage and had not any prognostic significance on survival.
Morphometric analysis of ventral mesencephalic neurons retrogradely labeled with Fluoro-Gold following injections in the shell, core and rostral pole of the rat nucleus accumbens.

Morphologically distinct subsets of mesotelencephalic neurons were sought following retrograde transport of Fluoro-Gold from iontophoretic injections relatively restricted to the medial shell, core or rostral pole subterritories of the nucleus accumbens. The diameters and lengths of Fluoro-Gold immunolabeled dendrites of medial shell-projecting neurons were less than those of core and rostral pole-projecting neurons.
Electrophoretic variants of human 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase: population and family studies and description of a new variant.

Summary Erythrocyte 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD) from 2603 individuals was observed on starch gel following electrophoresis and several genetic variants are described. Among them is a new variant (the Friendship variant) detectable only in the absence of NADP from the gel and presenting a triple pattern for erythrocyte enzyme but only a single band for leucocyte or fibroblast enzyme. Family studies indicate that all the variants are due to autosomal co-dominant alleles, and the population data suggest that the gene frequencies for the common alleles, PGDA and PGDC, are different between Negroes and whites.
TERNARY ALGEBRAIC CONSTRUCTION OF EXTENDED SUPERCONFORMAL ALGEBRAS

We give a construction of extended (N = 2 and N = 4) superconformal algebras over a very general class of ternary algebras (triple systems). For N = 2 this construction leads to superconformal algebras corresponding to certain coset spaces of Lie groups with non-vanishing torsion and generalizes a previous construction over Jordan triple systems which are associated with Hermitian symmetric spaces. In general, a given Lie group admits more than one coset space of this type. We give examples for all simple Lie groups. In particular, the division algebras and their tensor products lead to N = 2 superconformal algebras associated with the groups of the Magic Square. For a very special class of ternary algebras, namely the Freudenthal triple (FT) systems, the N = 2 superconformal algebras can be extended to N = 4 superconformal algebras with the gauge group SU(2) × SU(2) × U(1). We give a complete list of the FT systems and the corresponding N = 4 models. They are associated with the unique quaternionic symmetric spaces of Lie groups.
Sprawl Without Growth in Eastern Germany

This article examines sprawl without growth in former East Germany at a number of different metropolitan scales using a dataset from the Bundesamt fur Bauwesen und Raumordnung (Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning). Specific political, social, and economic circumstances in eastern Germany following reunification distinguish it not only from other declining regions, but also from some of its post-socialist neighbors that underwent similar urban spatial transformations after the fall of communism. Explanations for this phenomenon include: increasing incomes and latent demand for housing, which remained suppressed under communism; specific policies adopted after reunification that subsidized greenfield development at the metropolitan fringe; a lack of planning at the local, regional, and state levels in the immediate aftermath of reunification; and changing demographic patterns. Although a number of the factors exacerbating sprawl in the post-reunification period have disappeared, overall demogr...
Conversion of external ventricular drains to ventriculoperitoneal shunts after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: effects of site and protein/red blood cell counts on shunt infection and malfunction: Clinical article

Object The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of shunt infection in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) after converting an external ventricular drain (EVD) to a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt using the existing EVD site. The second purpose was to assess the risk of shunt malfunction after converting the EVD to a permanent shunt irrespective of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein and red blood cell (RBC) counts. Methods Data obtained in 80 consecutive adult patients (18 men and 62 women, mean age 60.8 years, range 33–85 years) who underwent direct conversion of an EVD to a VP shunt for post-SAH hydrocephalus between August 2002 and March 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. In each patient, the existing EVD site was used to pass the proximal shunt catheter. In no patient was VP shunt insertion delayed based on preoperative RBC or protein counts. Results The mean period of external ventricular drainage before VP shunt placement was 14.1 days (range 3–45 days). No patient suffere...
A large scale integration based, signal processor -- its application and possible evolution

The Micro-Vector Processor (MVP) is designed for applications ranging from expendable single-processor weapons and buoys to large multiprocessor federated systems. Its design is centered on multiple applications, easy reprogrammability, and low-power operation. These design goals were achieved with an architecture that provides high throughput at moderate clock rates and maximum use of large-scale integration (LSI) integrated circuits; four new LSI circuits implement 96 percent of the logic in the MVP's vector unit. The MVP software design includes support for both application programming in high-level language and implementation of signal-processing algorithms in a symbolic microprogramming language. These two programmability levels reduce software costs for new applications and for changing requirements. Two examples are used to illustrate MVP applications: cruise missile guidance and a multichannel acoustic beamformer. The MVP architecture, or some close derivative, is considered suitable for reimplementation in very large-scale integration (VLSI).