cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A System to Support Diverse Social Program Management.

Background: Social programs are services provided by governments, nonprofits, and other organizations to help improve the health and well-being of individuals, families, and communities. Social programs aim to deliver services effectively and efficiently, but they are challenged by information silos, limited resources, and the need to deliver frequently changing mandated benefits. Objective: We aim to explore how an information system designed for social programs helps deliver services effectively and efficiently across diverse programs. Methods: This viewpoint describes the configurable and modular architecture of Social Program Management (SPM), a system to support efficient and effective delivery of services through a wide range of social programs and lessons learned from implementing SPM across diverse settings. We explored usage data to inform the engagement and impact of SPM on the efficient and effective delivery of services. Results: The features and functionalities of SPM seem to support the goals of social programs. We found that SPM provides fundamental management processes and configurable program-specific components to support social program administration; has been used by more than 280,000 caseworkers serving more than 30 million people in 13 countries; contains features designed to meet specific user requirements; supports secure information sharing and collaboration through data standardization and aggregation; and offers configurability and flexibility, which are important for digital transformation and organizational change. Conclusions: SPM is a user-centered, configurable, and flexible system for managing social program workflows.
Riemann–Hilbert problem on a torus and a vortex patch in a wedge

An exact formula for the conformal map from the exterior of two slits onto the doubly connected flow domain is obtained when a fluid flows in a wedge about a vortex. The map is employed to determin...
Can imagination be unconscious

Our ordinary conception of imagination takes it to be essentially a conscious phenomenon, and traditionally that’s how it had been treated in the philosophical literature. In fact, this claim had often been taken to be so obvious as not to need any argumentative support. But lately in the philosophical literature on imagination we see increasing support for the view that imagining need not occur consciously. In this paper, I examine the case for unconscious imagination. I’ll consider four different arguments that we can find in the recent literature—three of which are based on cases and one that is based on considerations relating to action guidance. To my mind, none of these arguments is successful. I conclude that the case for postulating unconscious imagining has not yet been well motivated.
The Search for Neofascism: The Use and Abuse of Social Science

A study of the informal logic that has governed the half-century of academic writing devoted to what has been generally identified as 'neofascism', together with a careful assessment of those political movements and regimes considered the proper objects of inquiry. The intent of the study is both pedagogical and cautionary. Its central thesis of the work is that terms like 'fascism', 'generic fascism', and 'neofascism' are often used with considerable indifference, applied uniquely to political movements and regimes considered on the 'right' rather than the 'left', intended more often to denigrate rather than inform. The result has been confusion. Within that context some of the most important political movements of our time are considered, including, among others, the Alleanza Nazionale of Italy and the Bharatiya Janata Party of India, both of which have discharged leadership roles in their respective governments: identifying either as 'neofascism' has clear implications for international relations.
Kant and the Ethics of Humility: A Story of Dependence, Corruption and Virtue

In previous years, philosophers have either ignored the virtue of humility or found it to be in need of radical redefinition. But humility is a central human virtue, and it is the purpose of this book to defend that claim from a Kantian point of view. Jeanine Grenberg argues that we can indeed speak of Aristotelian-style, but still deeply Kantian, virtuous character traits. She proposes moving from focus on action to focus on person, not leaving the former behind, but instead taking it up within a larger, more satisfying Kantian moral theory. Using examples from literature as well as philosophy, she shows that there is a Kantian virtue theory to be explored in which humility plays a central role. Her book will have a wide appeal to readers not only in Kant studies but also in theological ethics and moral psychology.
Awareness and Detection of Traffic and Obstacles Using Synthetic and Enhanced Vision Systems

Research literature are reviewed and summarized to evaluate the awareness and detection of traffic and obstacles when using Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) and Enhanced Vision Systems (EVS). The study identifies the critical issues influencing the time required, accuracy, and pilot workload associated with recognizing and reacting to potential collisions or conflicts with other aircraft, vehicles and obstructions during approach, landing, and surface operations. This work considers the effect of head-down display and head-up display implementations of SVS and EVS as well as the influence of single and dual pilot operations. The influences and strategies of adding traffic information and cockpit alerting with SVS and EVS were also included. Based on this review, a knowledge gap assessment was made with recommendations for ground and flight testing to fill these gaps and hence, promote the safe and effective implementation of SVS/EVS technologies for the Next Generation Air Transportation System
Effects of oxygen-augmented atmosphere on the immune response.

Antibovine serum albumin antibody and nonspecific protein production was evaluated in female rabbits (11-14.5 kg) housed in special cages ventilated with 20% or 40% oxygen at normal barometric pressure. Animals exposed to 40% oxygen do not show normal steady increase of serum antibody. Instead, their titers show a pattern of undershoot, overshoot, undershoot, and finally equilibration at a subnormal level; they have a depressed popliteal node polysome level and have an abnormally low proportion of membrane-bound polysomes. They also show reduced capability of popliteal nodes to synthesize protein (as expected from the reduced number of polysomes). However, the ratio of newly-synthesized specific antibody: nonspecific protein remains normal.
Sanitary Engineering Education: Needs in the Southeast

Symposium on Sanitary Engineering Education. The paper covers the topic of the needs of sanitary engineering education in Southeast.
Biochemical, serologic, and sensitivity characteristics of salmonellae after long survival in soft agar.

IN A PREVIOUS PAPER (1) we reported a 40year survival of salmonellae in soft agar. No detailed examinations, however, had been performed on that sample. The present study was undertaken to learn whether any alterations in several characteristics of these micro-organisms had taken place during this period. Following are the results of various tests concerning the biochemical reactions, antigenic properties, and sensitivity to antibiotics of a new population of salmonellae after a 35to 40-year survival in soft agar. Micro-organisms. Sixty glass ampules from
Principal Direction Divisive Partitioning

We propose a new algorithm capable of partitioning a set of documents or other samples based on an embedding in a high dimensional Euclidean space (i.e., in which every document is a vector of real numbers). The method is unusual in that it is divisive, as opposed to agglomerative, and operates by repeatedly splitting clusters into smaller clusters. The documents are assembled into a matrix which is very sparse. It is this sparsity that permits the algorithm to be very efficient. The performance of the method is illustrated with a set of text documents obtained from the World Wide Web. Some possible extensions are proposed for further investigation.
Need for Speed: Demand Estimation Using Auction Data

We estimate demand for personal computer processors using structural estimation of valuations and data from Internet multi-object discriminatory auctions. Three models of bidding and a suitable econometric procedure are used to compute the parameters that govern the distribution of the buyers' marginal valuations. We use our estimates to assess the impact of processor-specific variables on demand and to provide an estimate of the cost of bidding.
Grace and Christianity's Requirement: Moral Striving in Kierkegaard's Judge for Yourself!

In his later work Judge for Yourself, Kierkegaard presents a view of the Christian life that appears to counter several recent interpretations which situate Kierkegaard within a classical Protestant account of justification and sanctification. I introduce briefly these interpretations and then turn to a reading of Judge for Yourself, showing that Kierkegaard offers an account of grace and moral striving which resists these interpretations. He resists them, yet he presents a Christianity that both rejects works-righteousness and graciously embraces those who confess their failure to do what Christianity requires.
Evaluation of on-line schedules by distributed simulation *

A new algorithm for the distributed simulation and evaluation of on-line schedules is presented. Generally, on-line scheduling has often been restricted to scheduling activities on a single machine or workcell. The exploratory research reported in this paper expands on-line scheduling to encompass several machines or workcells. Branch and bound search techniques are used in the simulation to reduce the number of simulations simultaneously in execution. The algorithm is applied for the distributed simulation of on-line schedules for a manufacturing example.
CS1 programming language options

Many Computer Science Departments have wrestled with the selection of a programming language to use in their introductory course. This paper initially explores the various programming languages that have been selected over the last couple of decades, and the rational for those selections. Following this introduction, the contemporary programming languages that are being employed in introductory courses today will be reviewed, along with other options that might be considered in terms of the pros and cons of each programming language being examined here.
History, Culture, and Nutrition of Apios americana

Abstract European explorers landed on the shores of the new world and struggled to survive in a new and hostile landscape. Friendly Native Americans shared their vast knowledge of survival with these Europeans on day-to-day living that included food sources. One valuable Native American food source was apios. It was also used as a token of trading. Apios was found along numerous stream and riverbanks in eastern North America. Apios, otherwise known as earthnuts, potato bean or groundnuts, is an excellent source of protein containing three times the crude protein content of the Irish potato (16.5% of dry weight). Seeds may have as much as 25-30% crude protein. Folklore suggested that apios tubers have medicinal properties. Advanced germplasm developed at Louisiana State University had been evaluated, and it was discovered that various advanced lines contain high levels of the isoflavone genestein. Evidence suggests that the dietary isoflavones found in apios are of significant amounts and may prevent breas...
Extendible tracking by line auto-calibration

One of the key requirements for an augmented reality system is a tracking system that determines the user's viewpoint accurately. Many vision-based tracking systems exhibit limited tracking range due to their dependence on pre-calibrated features. Previous extendible-tracking systems only make use of point features. This paper describes an extendible tracking method that integrates pre-calibrated landmarks and natural line features for camera tracking. Extendible and robust tracking is achieved by dynamically calibrating prior uncalibrated 3D structure of line features. The experimental results indicate the effectiveness of this approach for extending the tracking range and reducing dependence on the prepared environment. (Plus color plates).
Findings with the recording ellipsometer suggesting rapid exchange of specific plasma proteins at liquid/solid interfaces☆

Abstract Recording ellipsometers were used to identify and observe plasma proteins being adsorbed by acid-treated silicon crystal slices (SiW), and by anodized tantalum-sputtered glass slides (TaW), out of blood plasma. Changes were calibrated with stepped barium stearate films, observed in buffer solution under standard conditions. Purified human proteins, adsorbed onto SiW or TaW, could be identified by their ability to adsorb more matter (presumably antibody) specifically out of the corresponding dilute anti-human sera. Films deposited by human plasma were able to adsorb anti-human fibrinogen serum preferentially. However, they lost this ability to attract “anti-fibrinogen” after longer exposure to normal or factor XII deficient plasmas; the loss of “fibrinogen antigenicity” was temperature and concentration dependent. It was followed by a decrease in optical thickness if the acting plasma contained intact factor XII. Possibly therefore, out of plasma, fibrinogen is adsorbed onto SiW and TaW, and is rapidly converted, altered or replaced by other protein; either this or fibrinogen itself is then partially desorbed by factor XII, directly or indirectly. Events at metal/plasma interfaces may be further complicated by oxidation.
On Secure VANET-Based Ad Dissemination With Pragmatic Cost and Effect Control

Allowing commercial service providers (SPs) to promote their businesses, ad dissemination in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) shows great application potential. In this paper, a VANET-based Ambient Ad-Dissemination scheme (VAAD) is proposed to support secure ad disseminations with pragmatic cost and effect control. VAAD provides an incentive-centered architecture for the involved parties to trade off their conflicting requirements regarding ad dissemination. Given realistic advertising effect and cost requirements of an SP, VAAD adopts a distance-based gradient ad dissemination algorithm to maximize the achievable ad effect by emulating the ad-posting patterns in the physical world. To facilitate vehicular nodes' participation in VAAD, efficient, secure, and privacy-preserving incentive cash-in is ensured to support financial transactions in VAAD. Thus, with proper cost and effect control, VAAD is a novel and comprehensive solution to secure ad dissemination in VANETs.
The Influence of Pupil Behaviors and Pupil Status Factors on Teacher Behaviors during Oral Reading Lessons.

AbstractThe study investigates relationships among pupil reading behaviors and teacher responses with a sample of 106 primary grade readers. With student background traits such as sex and prior reading achievement controlled, seven different reading behaviors and pupil responses accounted for significant increases in the prediction of teacher behaviors. Pupil reading behaviors had the greatest effect on teacher corrections and word pronunciations. Conversely, pupil background factors had the greatest association with the length of reading assigned and the numbers of grapho- phonemic and prereading cues teachers provided. In view of the findings, the authors suggest that future study of classroom interaction examine the notion that teacher expectations may be at least partially due to then- responses to specific aspects of pupil behavior.
‘Complement Fractionation’ in a Natural Hybrid between Rubus procerus Muell. and R. laciniatus Willd.

Rubus procerus Muell. and R. laciniatus Willd. occur sympatrically over a wide range of area in the coastal Pacific north-west of the United States. Natural hybridization between these two pseudogamous apomictie species has been shown to take place by Bammi and Olmo1. One such partially sterile natural hybrid (6412A), collected from Riverton, Oregon, proved very interesting cytologically. The present report deals with the peculiar cytological behaviour of this hybrid clone.
Behaviors as risk factors for rehospitalization : implications for predicting and preventing admissions among the seriously mentally ill

This case-control study investigated the extent to which aberrant behaviors, in contrast to more traditional clinical factors (such as symptoms and alcohol abuse), place individuals with schizophrenia at increased risk for rehospitalization. One hundred and one recidivists (cases) were matched to 101 nonrecidivists (controls) on gender, race, and time since index hospitalization. Key informants, usually family members, were interviewed to assess behaviors during a 2-week period. After controlling for possible confounding variables, we found that each aberrant behavior increased the risk for rehospitalization, but highly disruptive or dangerous behaviors (such as threatening others, acting very bizarrely, or attempting suicide) conveyed a markedly high degree of risk (adjusted odds ratio = 83.9). It is possible that service providers may be able to avert the fiscal and emotional cost of hospitalization by collaborating more closely with family members to identify these behaviors and intervene before hospitalization becomes unavoidable.
Analysis of organochlorines in harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) tissue samples from Alaska using gas chromatography ion trap mass spectrometry by an isotopic dilution technique

A gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry (GC/ITMS) method was developed for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) in harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) tissues. Tissue samples were homogenized, lyophilized and fortified with (13)C-PCBs 28, 123, 169 and 170, and then extracted with an accelerated solvent extractor with a mixture of hexane and methylene chloride (1:1, v/v). After lipid removal using a 40% H(2)SO(4)-modified silica gel column, all organochlorines were collected in one fraction and further fractionated with an activated carbon/silica gel (1:20) column into a first fraction containing OCPs, non-coplanar PCBs and (13)C-PCBs 28, 123 and 170, and a second containing PCNs, coplanar PCBs and (13)C-PCB 169. Prior to GC/MS/MS analysis, (13)C-PCB 169 was added into the first fraction as an injection standard and (13)C-PCB 170 into the second fraction to calibrate the recoveries of the fortified internal standards. This method can effectively eliminate matrix interferences, and has high selectivity and sensitivity. Recoveries averaged 45-86% for OCPs with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2-14%, 52-137% for PCBs with RSDs of 3-29% and 36-152% for PCNs with RSDs of 7-29% from lard and chicken heart samples, which were used as alternative matrices to harbor seal samples in recovery studies. The limits of detection for OCPs, PCBs and PCNs were 0.7-1.9, 1.5-8.9 and 0.5-10 pg/g dry weight, respectively. This method can be used to analyze OCPs, PCBs and PCNs in harbor seal blubber, liver and kidney samples.
Symptomatic high-flow arteriovenous fistula after a C-2 fracture: Case report

Spinal arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are relatively uncommon lesions that are often diagnosed in a delayed fashion. The authors present a cause of a symptomatic high-flow AVF that developed in a patient after traumatic injury to the upper cervical spine. The patient presented to the trauma bay after a motor vehicle collision, and was found to have a C-2 fracture involving the transverse foramen. Although the patient was neurologically intact on presentation, 6 hours after admission weakness developed on his left side. Imaging studies demonstrated complete transection of the distal cervical aspect of the right vertebral artery (VA) at the base of C-2, with antegrade and retrograde flow into a direct AVF, resulting in early filling of the right internal jugular vein and other external draining veins. The patient was treated endovascularly with coil occlusion of the VA both proximal and distal to the transection. The patient's weakness improved over the next 7 days. At the 12-week follow-up examination, the patient's fractures had healed and he was neurologically intact.
Superconductivity in nanostructured lead

Abstract Three-dimensional nanoscale structures of lead were fabricated by electrodeposition of pure lead into artificial porous opal. The size of the metallic regions was comparable to the superconducting coherence length of bulk lead. T c as high as 7.36 K was observed, also d T c /d H was 2.7 times smaller than in bulk lead. Many of the characteristics of these differ from bulk lead, a type I superconductor. Irreversibility line and magnetic relaxation rates ( S ) were also studied. S ( T ) displayed two maxima, with a peak value about 10 times smaller than that of typical high- T c superconductors.
Synthesis and characterization of pH- and temperature-sensitive hydrogel of N-isopropylacrylamide/cyclodextrin based copolymer

Abstract A reactive β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) based monomer carrying vinyl carboxylic acid functional groups was synthesized via reaction of β-CD with maleic anhydride (MAH) in N , N -dimethylformamide (DMF) at 80 °C. By copolymerization of the monomer with N -isopropylacrylamide (NIPA), a novel hydrogel, poly(NIPA- co -MAH-β-CD) with pH and temperature sensitivities plus molecular inclusion function, was obtained using free radical polymerization in aqueous solution. The hydrogel's composition was determined by element analysis and infrared spectroscopy. Equilibrium swelling ratio (ESR) of hydrogels was tested under different environment of pH, temperature and ionic strength. The results indicated that ESR of hydrogels presents marked variations following the change of experimental conditions used.
Perineurium in the Drosophila (Diptera : Drosophilidae) embryo and its role in the blood-brain/nerve barrier

Abstract A monolayer of perineurial cells overlies glia and neurons, and this stratum of the central nervous system is the principal site of the Drosophila (Diptera : Drosophilidae) blood-brain barrier. Perineurial cells are bonded together by pleated-sheet septate junctions that are the anatomical correlate of the vertebrate tight junction. The blood-brain barrier maintains the ionic homeostasis necessary for proper nerve function. It was known that a functioning blood-brain barrier is present in mature (Stage 17) Drosophila embryos, but the genesis of this barrier was not known. We surveyed the central nervous system of late stage embryos (15 through 17) to determine when perineurial cells could first be detected. These cells take their place in (on) the central nervous system and are joined together by pleated-sheet septate junctions, during Stage 17. Those septate junctions are quickly occlusive to lanthanum tracer. This development step occurs during the same time as when chemical synapses first become functional. Such concurrent maturation is far from coincidental, because partitioning nerves and their synapses from hemolymph (with its variable ionic constitution) are essential for normal electrophysiology. We discuss details of the germ line derivation of perineurial cells, their first detection in the embryonic central nervous system, their functional properties, and the polygonal cell-packing pattern seen in the larval central nervous system.
Renal Function in Rare Living Related Small Bowel Transplant Children.

BACKGROUND: Data from United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) and Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) reveals that living related small bowel transplant (LRSMT) in children, age less than 5 years, has been performed only 5 patients since 1988 - 2004. From these national data, 4/5 LRSMT were done at The University of Illinois Medical Center. In this study, we present renal function in this group of patients.
The Potential Role for Management of U.S. Public Lands in Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Climate Policy

Management of forests, rangelands, and wetlands on public lands, including the restoration of degraded lands, has the potential to increase carbon sequestration or reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions beyond what is occurring today. In this paper we discuss several policy options for increasing GHG mitigation on public lands. These range from an extension of current policy by generating supplemental mitigation on public lands in an effort to meet national emissions reduction goals, to full participation in an offsets market by allowing GHG mitigation on public lands to be sold as offsets either by the overseeing agency or by private contractors. To help place these policy options in context, we briefly review the literature on GHG mitigation and public lands to examine the potential for enhanced mitigation on federal and state public lands in the United States. This potential will be tempered by consideration of the tradeoffs with other uses of public lands, the needs for climate change adaptation, and the effects on other ecosystem services.
The Case for Qualitative Research

Debates regarding research methods in the social sciences are linked directly to assumptions about ontology, epistemology, and human nature. After reviewing a range of positions relating to these assumptions, we argue that the dichotomy between quantitative and qualitative methods is a rough and oversimplified one. Contemporary social science is dominated by commitments to research methods almost as ends in themselves, resulting in abstracted modes of empiricism based on both quantitative and qualitative methods. Qualitative research is an approach rather than a particular set of techniques, and its appropriateness derives from the nature of the social phenomena to be explored.
On the continuous spectrum of a differential operator

We assume that the potential function q(x) is defined and continuous on G, and bounded over any finite part of G. Let the operator L o be defined by (1) on the space ~(Lo), consisting of all infinitely differentiable complex functions on G which are restrictions to G of functions in C~ ~ (E,), and which vanish on aG. In this paper we formulate a sufficient condition for the operator Lo to be semi-bounded from below, i.e. (L o u, u)>=o~ II u II 2 for some constant ~t and for all ue~(Lo) . It then follows from a theorem of WEINHOLTZ-BROWDER that Lo is essentially self-adjoint. We also obtain an estimate for the least point of the continuous spectrum of the self-adjoint extension L. The latter result contains as special cases known results of FRIEDRICHS [5] and RELLICH [9]; it also gives new information in the case G is a "quasi-finite" region and q(x) tends to o o . Let us select a certain direction in E,; without loss of generality we may suppose it to be the direction of the positive Xt-axis. Let aG [x ~ denote the set (OG)n{x~E,: xl =x~ For x~G define
Advances in antitachycardia pacing for ventricular tachycardia

Summary Antitachycardia pacing has markedly expanded our ability to better treat patients with frequent VT episodes and has permitted discontinuation of antiarrhythmic therapy in many patients. Continued improvements in detection modes that will permit better differentiation of VT from supraventricular tachycardias should expand the application of this already successful modality.
Three-Dimensional Characterization of Tethered Microspheres by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Tethered particle microscopy is a powerful tool to study the dynamics of DNA molecules and DNA-protein complexes in single-molecule experiments. We demonstrate that stroboscopic total internal reflection microscopy can be used to characterize the three-dimensional spatiotemporal motion of DNA-tethered particles. By calculating characteristic measures such as symmetry and time constants of the motion, well-formed tethers can be distinguished from defective ones for which the motion is dominated by aberrant surface effects. This improves the reliability of measurements on tether dynamics. For instance, in observations of protein-mediated DNA looping, loop formation is distinguished from adsorption and other nonspecific events.
X X Z and Ising spins on the triangular kagome lattice

The recently fabricated two-dimensional magnetic materials ${\text{Cu}}_{9}{X}_{2}{(\text{cpa})}_{6}\ensuremath{\cdot}x{\text{H}}_{2}\text{O}$ ($\text{cpa}=2$-carboxypentonic acid and $X=\text{F},\text{Cl},\text{Br}$) have copper sites which form a triangular kagome lattice (TKL), formed by introducing small triangles (``$a$-trimers'') inside of each kagome triangle (``$b$-trimer''). We show that in the limit where spins residing on $b$-trimers have Ising character, quantum fluctuations of $XXZ$ spins residing on the $a$-trimers can be exactly accounted for in the absence of applied field. This is accomplished through a mapping to the kagome Ising model, for which exact analytic solutions exist. We derive the complete finite-temperature phase diagram for this $XXZ$-Ising model, including the residual zero-temperature entropies of the seven ground-state phases. Whereas the disordered (spin liquid) ground state of the pure Ising TKL model has macroscopic residual entropy $\text{ln}\text{ }72=4.2767\dots{}$ per unit cell, the introduction of transverse (quantum) couplings between neighboring $a$-spins reduces this entropy to $2.5258\dots{}$ per unit cell. In the presence of applied magnetic field, we map the TKL $XXZ$-Ising model to the kagome Ising model with three-spin interactions and derive the ground-state phase diagram. A small (or even infinitesimal) field leads to a new phase that corresponds to a nonintersecting loop gas on the kagome lattice, with entropy $1.4053\dots{}$ per unit cell and a mean magnetization for the $b$-spins of 0.12(1) per site. In addition, we find that for moderate applied field, there is a critical spin liquid phase that maps to close-packed dimers on the honeycomb lattice, which survives even when the $a$-spins are in the Heisenberg limit.
The effect of velocity field forcing techniques on the Karman–Howarth equation

Many velocity field forcing methods exist to simulate isotropic turbulence, but no in-depth analysis of the effects that these methods have on the generated turbulence has been performed. This work contains such a detailed study. It focuses on Lundgren’s linear and Alvelius’ spectral velocity forcing methods. Based on the constraints imposed on their associated forcing terms, these two are representative of the numerous forcing methods available in the literature. This study is conducted in the context of the Karman–Howarth equation, which, as a consequence of velocity forcing, has a source term appended to it. The expressions for the forcing method-specific Karman–Howarth source terms are derived, and their effect on key turbulent metrics, e.g. structure functions and spectra, is investigated. The behaviour of these source terms determines the state to which all turbulent metrics evolve, allowing for the differences noted between linearly and spectrally forced turbulent fields to be explained.
Rectal cancer presenting with erythema ab igne.

Erythema ab igne, a skin reaction which follows heat exposure, is characteristically associated with pancreatic malignancy but unusually in this case was a presenting sign of colorectal cancer.
Aristotle's enthymeme revisited

(1959). Aristotle's enthymeme revisited. Quarterly Journal of Speech: Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 399-408.
Ternary self-assembly of ordered metal oxide-graphene nanocomposites for electrochemical energy storage

Surfactant or polymer directed self-assembly has been widely investigated to prepare nanostructured metal oxides, semiconductors, and polymers, but this approach is mostly limited to two-phase materials, organic/inorganic hybrids, and nanoparticle or polymer-based nanocomposites. Self-assembled nanostructures from more complex, multiscale, and multiphase building blocks have been investigated with limited success. Here, we demonstrate a ternary self-assembly approach using graphene as fundamental building blocks to construct ordered metal oxide−graphene nanocomposites. A new class of layered nanocomposites is formed containing stable, ordered alternating layers of nanocrystalline metal oxides with graphene or graphene stacks. Alternatively, the graphene or graphene stacks can be incorporated into liquid-crystal-templated nanoporous structures to form high surface area, conductive networks. The self-assembly method can also be used to fabricate free-standing, flexible metal oxide−graphene nanocomposite fil...
Response of adult parasitoids of Bemisia tabaci (Hom.: Aleyrodidae) to leaf residues of selected cotton insecticides

The contact toxicity of eight insecticides to adults of four parasitoids of the sweetpotato whiteflyBemisia tabaci was evaluated in the laboratory. Two common Texas species,Eretmocerus sp. andEncarsia pergandiella Howard, and two exotic species,Eretmocerus mundus Mercet from Spain andEncarsia formosa Gahan from Greece were tested. Insecticides, applied as sprays to greenhouse-grown cotton plants at recommended rates were amitraz (Ovasyn®), azinphosmethyl (Guthion®), bifenthrin (Capture®), buprofezin (Applaud®), cypermethrin (Ammo®), methyl parathion and thiodicarb (Larvin®), with a water control. Parasitoid adults were confined on discs cut from leaves (1) sprayed the same day and (2) sprayed two days previously. Survival in both treatments was measured two and four days following exposure. Significant differences in toxicity were detected among the insecticides. Buprofezin was not toxic to any of the four parasitoids. When caged on leaves sprayed two days previously, only amitraz of the remaining compounds allowed significant general parasitoid survival after two days.E. mundus exhibited the greatest overall tolerance to insecticides, with 40% or more surviving 48 hr after confinement on leaves sprayed with amitraz, thiodicarb and cypermethrin. Survival was generally much reduced after 96 hr. In a separate test, fresh residues of endosulfan (Thiodan®) were highly toxic at the two rates tested, but two day old residues at the lower rate allowed 76.7% survival ofE. mundus and 35% survival ofE. pergandiella after 48 hrs.
The Director's Perspective: A Changing Paradigm.

In late 2006, the Columbus Museum of Art adopted a new framework that established creativity as the lens for learning and visitor experiences. Unlike museums in destination cities where cultural tourism drives visitation numbers and revenue, the Columbus Museum of Art, like many others, depends heavily upon repeat visitors, drawn from the community and the region. Nannette Maciejunes, the museum's Executive Director, explores how choosing to be visitor-centered and focusing on creativity has impacted the museum's mission, staff, work, and, ultimately, its community.
A statistical description of the evolution of cloud condensation nuclei activity during the heterogeneous oxidation of squalane and bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate aerosol by hydroxyl radicals

The heterogeneous reaction of hydroxyl radicals with chemically reduced organic aerosol comprised of either squalane or bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate are used as model systems to examine how cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity evolves with photochemical oxidation. Over the course of the reaction, the critical super-saturation evolves both by the formation of new oxygen functional groups and by changes in aerosol size through the formation of gas phase reaction products. A statistical model of the heterogeneous reaction reveals that it is the formation, volatilization, solubility, and surface activity of many generations of oxidation products that together control the average changes in aerosol hygroscopicity. The experimental observations and model demonstrate the importance of considering the underlying population or subpopulation of species within a particle and how they each uniquely contribute to the average hygroscopicity of a multi-component aerosol. To accurately predict changes in CCN activity upon oxidation requires a reduction in the surface tension of the activating droplet by a subpopulation of squalane reaction products. These results provide additional evidence that surface tension–concentration parameterizations based on macroscopic data should be modified for microscopic droplets.
A computerized technique to assess language use patterns in patients with frontotemporal dementia

Abstract Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects language. We applied a computerized information-theoretic technique to assess the type and severity of language-related FTLD symptoms. Audio-recorded samples of 48 FTLD patients from three participating medical centers were elicited using the Cookie-Theft picture stimulus. The audio was transcribed and analyzed by calculating two measures: a perplexity index and an out-of-vocabulary (OOV) rate. The perplexity index represents the degree of deviation in word patterns used by FTLD patients compared to patterns of healthy adults. The OOV rate represents the proportion of words used by FTLD patients that were not used by the healthy speakers to describe the stimulus. In this clinically well-characterized cohort, the perplexity index and the OOV rate were sensitive to spontaneous language manifestations of semantic dementia and the distinction between semantic dementia and progressive logopenic aphasia variants of FTLD. Our study not only supports a novel technique for the characterization of language-related symptoms of FTLD in clinical trial settings, it also validates the basis for the clinical diagnosis of semantic dementia as a distinct syndrome.
Misexpression of cNSCL1 Disrupts Retinal Development

Abstract cNSCL1 is the chick homologue of mammalian NSCL1, a basic helix-loop-helix gene transiently expressed during neurogenesis. To gain insight into its function, we studied the involvement of cNSCL1 in retinal neurogenesis. In situ hybridization showed dynamic, cell-type-specific expression of cNSCL1, first in developing ganglion cells and later in glial cells. This is drastically different from the expression of neuroD in young photoreceptor cells and their precursors, demonstrating that the proposed neurogenin → neuroD → NSCL1 cascade might not apply to retinal neurogenesis in the chick. Small eyes were produced when cNSCL1 was misexpressed in the retinal neuroepithelium through viral transduction. Pulse-labeling with BrdU and [ 3 H]thymidine revealed a significant decrease in cell proliferation activity with cNSCL1 misexpression. Massive cell death occurred, but only after cell proliferation activity had subsided, resulting in major distortions of retinal structure. Our data demonstrate the importance of regulated expression of cNSCL1 during retinal development.
Renal tubular function in glycerol-induced acute renal failure

The purpose of this study was to examine proximal and distal tubular function in rats with nonoliguric, myohemoglobinuric acute renal failure (ARF). ARF was induced with glycerol (50%, 10 ml/kg of body wt, i.m.), and renal function was studied 24 hours after glycerol or saline (controls) injection. Glycerol injection caused a 50 to 90% depression in GFR and a significant rise in blood urea nitrogen concentration. Animals with ARF exhibited glycosuria with normal blood sugar levels and a striking depression in tubular glucose reabsorption per milliliter of GFR. The capacity to reabsorb (mEq/liter GFR) was intact at normal blood bicarbonate levels, but was markedly depressed when blood bicarbonate was raised. The tubular maximum for para-aminohippurate (PAH) secretion and the renal extraction fraction of PAH were strikingly depressed in rats with ARF. Distal acidification as assessed by the urine-to-blood gradient of PCO2 (UB PCO2) was normal both during maximal alkalinization of the urine with bicarbonate (urine pH, approximately 7.8) or during neural phosphate infusion (urine pH, approximately 7.0). Net acid excretion per milliliter GFR and minimal urine pH (less than 5.5) following 3 days of ammonium chloride ingestion was similar in control and ARF animals. Potassium excretion was intact in maximal urinary osmolality were significantly altered in animals with ARF. Cortical and outer medullary Na-K-ATPase specific activities were significantly depressed in ARF rats. This occurred as a consequence of enzyme loss and not secondary to alterations in enzyme kinetics of absolute tubular sodium reabsorption. Light and electron microscopy showed diffuse proximal tubular damage, whereas glomeruli and distal tubules were intact. These data demonstrate that glycerol injection produces a diffuse proximal tubular transport defect associated with histologic and enzymatic alterations.
Electrochemical formation of CuInSe2 heterostructures for efficient and stable solar conversion

Abstract In situ electrochemical growth of interfacial films, using surface corrosion products, resulted in a stable, 12% efficient n-CuInSe2 based solar cell. Transformations of CuInSe2 surfaces were followed by voltammetric and surface analytical methods. CuInSe2 passivates in neutral and alkaline solutions forming oxides which may contribute to the sluggish charge transfer kinetics in S2−/Sx2− (pH 14) and I−/I2 (pH 7) electrolytes. Efficient photo-oxidation of I− is observed at pH 0, but the cell output decreases due to the formation of CuI and Se. CuI partially dissolves via CuI2− formation. Addition of 20 mM CuI to the electrolyte results in the photoelectrochemical synthesis of a polycrystalline p-CunSe3-Se film. Under illumination, this film acts as a medium for efficient charge transfer between the CuInSe2 and the I−-I2-Cu+-HI electrolyte, whilst inhibiting corrosion, and it does not grow beyond about 2 μm. Correlation of the energy levels of the three phases implies a solid n-CuInSe2/p-CuISe3 heterojunction with an electrolyte front contact. Post-growth air annealing results in a restructured interphase comprising CuI, InI3 and hexagonal columns of CuISe3, which, on exposure to the cell electrolyte, convert to quaternary compositions, possibly CuIn2ISe3, and contribute to a higher cell efficiency.
A measurement of the neutral current electroweak parameters using the fermilab narrow band neutrino beam

We report a measurement of the electroweak parameters sin2θ w and ϱ based on the ratios of neutral current to charged current events measured in the Fermilab narrow-band neutrino beam at energies of 30–240 GeV. The data are fully corrected for radiative effects, heavy-quark production, and other effects. The best value for sin2θ w obtained, sin2θ w =0.239±0.011, is consistent with the most recent values fromW andZ production, as well as from other neutrino experiments.
Pertussis toxin blocks depressant effects of opioid, monoaminergic and muscarinic agonists on dorsal-horn network responses in spinal cord-ganglion cultures

After chronic exposure of mouse spinal cord-ganglion explants to morphine, the acute depressant effects of opioids on sensory-evoked dorsal-horn network responses are markedly attenuated, and characteristic cord discharges can then occur even in the presence of100-fold higher opioid concentrations. The present study demonstrates that a remarkably similar degree of tolerance to opioids develops in these cord-ganglion explants after exposure to pertussis toxin (PTX). The usual acute depressant effects of sertonin, norepinephrine and oxotremorine on dorsal-horn discharges are also similarly attenuated in PTX-treated cultures. PTX is known to interfere with the guanine nucleotide protein Gi that is required for opioid,α2-adrenergic and muscarinic receptor-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase in various cells. We have previously found that in cord-dorsal root ganglion explants agents which elevate intracellular cAMP also attenuate opioid depressant effects. Furthermore, these explants contain an opioid-inhibited adenylate cylase system, and chronic exposure to morphine as well as PTX increases adenylate cyclase activity. These findings together with the present results suggest that the neuromodulatory effects of opioid, monoaminergic and muscarinic agonists on primary afferent networks in the spinal cord may be mediated by binding to neuronal receptor subtypes that are negatively coupled via Gi to a common pool of adenylate cyclase.
Ideal and Actual in The Story of the Stone

1. Ideal and Actual, Real and Not-real2. "Family Togetherness": Patterns of Authority and the Subversion of Family Structure3. Preexisting Conditions: Retributory Illness and the Limits of Medicine4. A World Apart: Poetry and Society in the Garden of Total Vision5. The Chiming of the Void: Poetry as a Vehicle to Enlightenment
Developing a Driving Simulator Based Functional Object Detection Task

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to validate a driving simulator-based tool for assessing functional visual scanning while driving (Goodenough, 2010) by replicating a previous study and assessing whether the results of the task are moderated by strategic decisions regarding task prioritization. Participants completed a functional object detection task that includes a peripheral target detection task and a central braking response task. Results indicated that the simulator task can identify differences in older and younger participants’ abilities to functionally scan the driving environment and these differences appear unaffected by prioritizing either the scanning or braking task. Implications are discussed.
Are there charmed-strange strange exotic mesons?

Abstract Theoretical arguments more general than original MIT bag calculation predict exotic charmed-strange scalar mesons with striking signatures in same mass range as F and F ∗ , on the same basis as the prediction of the low-lying nonexotic qq qq scalar nonet. Identification of δ (970) as qq qq state enables rough mass prediction for charmed-strange exotics via charmed-strange analogy. Dominant signatures and decay modes of exotics are discussed.
The Saga of Dazai Osamu: A Critical Study with Translations

Introduction Part I. Dazai's Life: 1. The journey outward 2. The journey inward Part II. The Osamu Saga: 3. Childhood and adolescence 4. Establishing the writer 5. Going home 6. Fatal success Conclusion Appendixes Selected bibliography Index.
UTAH'S COMMUNITY COLLEGES

Utah's community colleges have evolved to become major players in the Utah System of Higher Education, providing transfer education and vital job training to an increasing percentage of the state's post‐high school students. New technology‐based delivery systems enable colleges to serve students at multiple locations, including concurrent enrollment in the high schools, and universities cooperate to offer a variety of baccalaureate degree programs on community college campuses. Future needs for community college education and training in Utah will be great and varied. So will the options and opportunities.
CCR6 is required for epidermal trafficking of γδ T cells in an IL-23-induced model of psoriasiform dermatitis

A subset of CC chemokine receptor-6 + (CCR6 + ), γδ-low (GDL) T cells that express Th17 cytokines in mouse skin participates in IL-23-induced psoriasiform dermatitis. We use CCR6-deficient (knockout, KO) and wild-type (WT) mice to analyze skin trafficking patterns of GDL T cells and function-blocking mAbs to determine the role of CCR6 in IL-23-mediated dermatitis. Herein, CCL20 was highly upregulated in IL-23-injected WT mouse ear skin as early as 24hours after initial treatment, and large numbers of CCR6 + cells were observed in the epidermis of IL-23-injected WT mice. Anti-CCL20 mAbs reduced psoriasiform dermatitis and blocked recruitment of GDL T cells to the epidermis. In CCR6 KO mice, GDL T cells failed to accumulate in the epidermis after IL-23 treatment, but the total numbers of GDL T cells in the dermis of WT and CCR6 KO mice were equivalent. There was an ∼70% reduction in the proportion of IL-22 + GDL T cells in the dermis of CCR6 KO mice (vs WT mice), suggesting that effector function and epidermal recruitment of GDL T cells are impaired in CCR6-deficient mice. Thus, these data show that CCR6 regulates epidermal trafficking of γδ-T-cell subsets in the skin and suggest the potential of CCR6 as a therapeutic target for psoriasis.