cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological analysis of malaria prevalence in Taixing City from 2005 to 2015

OBJECTIVE To understand the malaria prevalence and epidemic characteristics in Taixing City from 2005 to 2015, so as to provide the evidences for formulating the prevention and control strategy. METHODS The malaria data of Internet reported cases as well as the reports on epidemiological survey of malaria cases in Taixing City from 2005 to 2015 were collected and analyzed with the methods of descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. RESULTS A total of 61 malaria cases were reported in Taixing City from 2005 to 2015, including 4 local cases and 57 imported cases. There were 9 cases of vivax malaria, 47 cases of falciparum malaria, 2 cases of malariae malaria, and 3 cases of ovale malaria. There was no seasonality in the occurrence of imported malaria. Though there was no correlation between the times of malaria attack and the duration for going out (r = 0.154, P = 0.253), there was a negative correlation between the former and the timeliness for visiting a doctor (r = -0.312, P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS The malaria cases are mainly imported ones in Taixing City, and the Plasmodium species of infection are diverse. Imported malaria overseas remains the key point for malaria control in Taixing City.
Bandwidth-enhancement of digital communication systems employing narrowband antennas: A novel electromagnetic OFDM approach

A new approach to antenna system design is proposed achieving significant bandwidth enhancement without modifying the antenna's physical layout. By deploying a complete electromagnetic link impulse response incorporating full Tx/Rx antenna effects, a novel electromagnetic OFDM (EM OFDM) scheme is developed to implement wideband digital communication systems employing narrowband antennas. An example of two wire-antenna BPSK system demonstrated about %100-bandwidth increase with probability of error performance significantly better than the typical (no EM OFDM) case.
Abstract 15413: Comparison of Right Ventricular Functional Indices Using Two-dimensional and Three-dimensional Echocardiography to Predict Outcomes in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension

Background: Right ventricular (RV) function is an important determinant of outcomes in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients. Conventional indices of fractional area change (FAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and RV tissue Doppler imaging myocardial performance index (RV TDI MPI) have been used as surrogates of RV function. RV ejection fraction (EF) from real time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE) has emerged as a quantitative evaluation of global RV function and has correlated well with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. In this study, 3D RV EF was compared with conventional indices in the serial evaluation of RV function in pediatric PH patients to predict adverse events. Methods: Forty-eight pediatric PH patients (median age = 10 years (4 months - 27 years)) were evaluated serially (138 visits with median interval visit = 116 days (4 -368 days)) with RT-3DE to follow their ejection fraction (EF) and conventional indices from April, 2014 to May, 2015. Echocardiographic variables include measures of RV function: 3D RV EF, FAC, TAPSE, and RV TDI MPI. Adverse events included: initiation or intensification of intravenous vasodilator therapy, atrial septostomy, Pott’s shunt, or death. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analyses were performed to identify the best cut-offs in predicting adverse events in serial follow up of pediatric PH patients. Results: Patients were classified based on their World Health Classification (I = 16, II=16, III=11, IV=3). Two patients were not classified as they were too young. There were 13 adverse events. 3D RV EF was a good predictor of adverse events with highest area under curve (AUC) = 0.79, p Conclusion: 3D RV EF is a good index in predicting adverse events and was better than FAC, TAPSE, and RV TDI MPI in predicting adverse events in serial follow up of pediatric PH patients. 3D RV EF can be used as a noninvasive tool in the serial evaluation of RV function in pediatric PH patients as it is easily obtained clinically.
Discrete fracture networks modeling of shale gas production and revisit rate transient analysis in heterogeneous fractured reservoirs

Horizontal wells with multiple hydraulic fractures are necessary stimulation technique for economically developing tight and shale gas reservoirs. In such reservoirs, the conventional well-test techniques are not suitable because of ultralow formation permeability. Rate transient analysis (RTA) is the widely used tool for analyzing these reservoirs for the purpose of reserves estimation, hydraulic fracture stimulation optimization, and development planning. However, the conventional rate transient analysis is based on the models that were derived from idealistic assumptions for homogenous reservoirs. In this article, we first review the industry's common practice for rate transient analysis and discuss why the idealized conceptual model may not be adequate for analyzing production data from shale gas reservoirs. Then, a unified shale gas reservoir model based on Discrete Fracture Networks (DFN) is presented to investigate how each mechanism influences shale gas production and the corresponding rate transient behavior. It is found that shale gas production and rate transient behavior are significantly impacted reservoir heterogeneity, fracture networks, non-Darcy flow, gas adsorption and completion efficiency. Short early-time linear flow with long transitional flow period is an indication of either existence of abundant complex fracture network or heterogeneous completion with unevenly distributed hydraulic fractures. Consider the nature of non-unique results of RTA, information from other independent sources is required to achieve a consistent and holistic interpretation.
The effect of the phytoalexin elicitors, arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids, and other unsaturated fatty acids on potato tuber protoplasts

Hyphal wall components from Phytophthora infestans elicit a hypersensitive-like reaction from potato tuber protoplasts. Hyphal wall components also elicit accumulation of potato phytoalexins. It has been shown that arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids isolated from the fungus can also elicit phytoalexins in potato tubers. We found that arachidonic acid could elicit a response in protoplasts that was visually identical to the response caused by hyphal wall components. However, other unsaturated fatty acids not able to elicit phytoalexins in tubers were also effective on protoplasts. Furthermore, inhibitors reported to block the action of hyphal wall components on tuber protoplasts had no effect on the protoplast response initiated by treatment with arachidonic acid. The results are discussed in relation to the significance of lipid elicitors in triggering hypersensitive cell death in the potato.
Outsourcing Systems Management

This case highlights focus on business process outsourcing solutions with Acclaris. Due to recent growth, this company is rethinking its own strategy of outsourcing their intranet. They are exploring three options to ensure that their technology strategies will continue to be aligned with their organizational goals. These options include continuing to outsource with Internets.com, purchasing/leasing their own server, or moving toward a portal solution.
Dynamic Viscoelastic Analysis of Falling Weight Deflectometer Deflections for Rigid and Flexible Pavements

This paper investigates the ability of a generalized Westergaard model consisting of a viscoelastic plate on a viscoelastic Winkler foundation to describe deflections of both rigid and flexible pavements under dynamic loading. The pavement response to falling weight deflectometer (FWD) loading was simulated, and a semianalytical solution involving the use of a Hankel transform in space and a finite difference method in time was developed. The obtained solution was used to interpret FWD data collected at the Minnesota Road Research Facility. It was shown that a good match between the simulated and measured response data could be obtained for both rigid and flexible pavements if inertia and viscoelastic effects were accounted for. The proposed model is thus an attractive tool for analysis of pavement–vehicle interaction.
Terrorism: The Dilemma of Response

Terrorism today presents a global security challenge. However, not a single strategy has been acknowledged as the most effective response to this challenge. Instead, heated debates surround the implementation of anti-terrorist measures. This chapter analyzes available response strategies based on their levels of effectiveness and legitimacy. The goal of this project is to trace the intricate relationships between civil liberties and terrorism and to investigate how civil liberties affect the probability of terrorist attacks. The analysis of empirical data indicates that an increase in civil liberties leads to a decline in the probability of a terrorist attack occurring in a country. This suggests that civil liberties should not be curtailed in the fight against terrorism. In this respect, I argue, the response to terrorism should be within the law enforcement framework, which does not require the implementation of additional policy provisions inherent in the counter-terrorism approach.
Quality characteristics of irradiated ready-to-eat meats

Commercially produced sliced, ham and all-pork frankfurters were obtained from a national meat processor and irradiated at 1.6 kGy. The samples were evaluated for color, lipid oxidation, odor, flavor, and the production of volatiles over an 8-week storage period. Irradiation processing did not affect color values for the ham or frankfurters. Lipid oxidation as measured by 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TEARS) did not increase for either the ham or frankfurters. Irradiation processing increased off-odor scores for the ham but not for frankfurters. Off-flavor scores were not significantly different for ham but were higher in frankfurters due to irradiation processing. Dimethyl disulfide content increased as a result of irradiation in both the ham and frankfurters but decreased over the 8-week storage period. Irradiation processing resulted in the formation of new volatile compounds in the ham samples including heptane, trans- l-butyl-2-methylcyclopropanone, 2-octene and toluene, which were not present in non-irradiated ham. Irradiation treatment resulted in the formation of 2-butanone in the frankfurters, which was not present in the non-irradiated frankfurters. Most volatile compounds that were affected by irradiation processing for both the ham and frankfurters increased when compared to non-irradiated controls. Although color and lipid oxidation (TEARS) did not seem to be affected by irradiation processing at 1.6 kGy, changes
A note on 2-isomorphisms and the signed Laplacian matrix of a graph

Abstract Let G and H be graphs with a bijection τ on their edges. In a recent paper, we observed that the Laplacian matrices of signed versions of G and H contain enough information to decide whether or not G and H are dual graphs with respect to τ. In this note we show that G and H are 2-isomorphic if and only if the determinants of the reduced forms of the consistently signed Laplacian matrices for G and H are equal. Thus the Laplacian matrices of signed versions of G and H also contain enough information to decide whether or not G and H are 2-isomorphic with respect to τ.
Design of a Flux-Switching PM Machine with Axial Fan Capability

The objective of this paper is to design and investigate a flux-switching PM machine which has the capability of both motoring and axial fan function. The rotor poles are shaped like fan blades to provide the function of axial fans. In this work, the cross-coupled design of axial fan and motor are provided by analytical methods including velocity triangles and sizing equations, respectively. The electromagnetic performance is verified by finite element analysis and the fan performance including the volume flow rate, power, and the pressure difference is verified by computational fluid dynamics. The results calculated by the analytical methods and numerical simulations are compared. The axial fan performance curve is also calculated and provided.
A Jewish Constitution

A constitution based on principles of Jewish law would ideally be the Torah. In a less ideal world Jewish law recognizes the power of secular authorities to regulate social order with limited if any rabbinic oversight. If secular authorities chose to adopt principles of Jewish law as their guide, the law would promote more cooperation and less competition, and where disputes arise, more compromise and less contention, greater attention to the particulars of a case and the needs of the people involved and less focus on rules of general application. The key ideas that all people are created in the image of God and the duty to love one's fellow would encourage a world of loving-kindness.
Classification, Challenges and Critical Comparison of Proposed Solutions for Vehicular Clouds

Modern vehicles are equipped with devices that have computation, storage, communication and sensing capabilities. Vehicles can share the information collected with other vehicles and also can share this information with an external cloud. Vehicles can also form a cloud among themselves and use their underutilized resources to process and share the information collected by various vehicles. In this paper, we present a critical comparison and classification of vehicular cloud architectures proposed in the literature. We also explore the challenges, proposed solutions for meeting the challenges and their drawbacks in implementing vehicular cloud and identify some open issues that need to be addressed for the successful implementation of vehicular clouds.
Effect of overcharge on lithium-ion cells: Silicon/graphite anodes

Abstract Small pouch cells containing Si/graphite electrodes were systematically charged to 100, 120, 140, 160, 180 and 250% state of charge. Characterization of the Si/graphite electrode after the overcharge showed some features similar to those found in a pure graphite electrode. Since the amount of silicon in the electrode was ∼15 wt%, this was not unexpected. The effect of silicon was seen in the composition of the SEI layer and the trends in two components of the SEI layer.
Proactive Circles: A practical guide to the implementation of a restorative practice

AbstractSchools are seeking additional ways to cultivate positive school climate and culture, address problematic behavior, and increase the social-emotional behavior competencies of students. Rest...
The Internet Balkanization Discourse Backfires

Recent references to the dangers of "Internet Balkanization" are all over the media. Paradoxically, that is the future being created and reinforced by leading representatives of the Internet community, whose statements employ this term as one of their key rhetorical strategies against a globally segregated Internet. The essay addresses some of the definitions and origins of the term "Internet Balkanization." Drawing upon U.S. constitutional law and interstate commerce regulations, it argues that the term also carries strong connotations on the realms of jurisdiction and commerce. The text adds examples of how this effect affects the businesses of creative companies that are exploring innovative markets in the United States, and suggests that the term should not be used in the context of international negotiations of Internet Governance, due to its pejorative connotations and misleading implications.
Rescue Cerebral Revascularization in Patients with Progressive Steno-Occlusive Ischemia of the Anterior Intracranial Circulation

Background Despite the failure of 2 randomized controlled trials assessing the utility of bypass for steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disease, a specific subset of patients with progressive and/or refractory symptoms may benefit from cerebral revascularization. This study assessed the efficacy and outcomes of bypass surgery for progressive and/or refractory steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disease. Methods A retrospective database review was performed to identify patients who underwent bypass for progressive and/or refractory steno-occlusive disease of the internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery over a 4-year period (July 2014–July 2018). Surgical and clinical outcomes were recorded. Results Seventeen patients (average age 62 ± 11 years) underwent extracranial-intracranial bypass for refractory and/or progressive steno-occlusive disease of the internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery. Thirteen patients presented with stroke, 3 presented with recurrent transient ischemic attacks, and 1 presented with progressive hemiparesis. All patients had preoperative perfusion imaging deficits. Average temporary clip time was 35 ± 8 minutes. An interposition graft was used in 7 patients. There was 3 ischemic and 3 hemorrhagic perioperative strokes (35%); all were minor or related to anticoagulation. Over an average of 10 ± 10 months of follow-up, there were no ischemic strokes in the bypass-dependent territories. Of 17 patients, 16 (78%) achieved a Glasgow Outcome Scale score ≥4, and 13 (85%) achieved a modified Rankin Scale score ≤2. Conclusions Bypass for steno-occlusive disease of the anterior intracranial circulation is a potentially effective treatment for patients with progressive and/or refractory ischemic symptoms, although the complication rate is significant. Optimal patient selection criteria and timing of surgery remain open questions.
Individuals with spinal cord injury have greater odds of substance use disorders than non-sci comparisons

Abstract Background Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are disproportionately affected by numerous physical and behavioral health disparities, but the literature lacks a clear understanding of the association between SCI and substance use disorders. Identifying such behavioral health disparities in persons with disabilities is an increasingly central focus for public health researchers and represents a critical first step for prevention. Method The present study utilized a large database of deidentified electronic health records to examine the association between SCI and substance use disorders related to alcohol, cannabis, opioid, and nicotine. Examining data from patients 16 years or older who had patient encounters at the Penn State Hershey Medical Center from January 1, 1997 to April 30, 2018, the current study included data from 1,466,985 unique patients – 6192 of which held SCI diagnoses. Age-adjusted odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression. Results Compared to non-SCI patients, individuals with SCI were at increased odds of having alcohol use disorder (OR: 4.19, 95% CI [3.67, 4.80]), cannabis use disorder (OR: 7.83, 95% CI [6.32, 9.69]), opioid use disorder (OR: 7.97, 95% CI [6.59, 9.66]), and nicotine use disorder (OR: 4.66, 95% CI [4.40, 4.94]). Patient sex did not moderate any of the four associations. Conclusion This study provides early indication that individuals with SCI may be disproportionately at-risk for substance use disorders and provides a foundation for future mechanistic and translational research. This evidence is a valuable step towards improving the health and quality of life for individuals with SCI.
Impact of pharmacologic inhibition of tooth movement on periodontal and tooth root tissues during orthodontic force application.

OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to investigate potential negative sequelae of orthodontic force application ±delivery of an osteoclast inhibitor, recombinant osteoprotegerin protein (OPG-Fc), on periodontal tissues. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION Sprague Dawley rats from a commercial supplier were investigated in a laboratory setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7 each): one group with no orthodontic appliances and injected once prior to the experimental period with empty polymer microspheres, one group with orthodontic appliances and injected once with empty microspheres, one group with orthodontic appliances and injected once with polymer microspheres containing 1 mg/kg of OPG-Fc, and one group with orthodontic appliances and injected with non-encapsulated 5 mg/kg of OPG-Fc every 3 days during the experimental period. The animals were euthanized after 28 days of tooth movement for histomorphometric analyses. RESULTS Root resorption, PDL area and widths were similar in animals without appliances and animals with appliances plus high-dose OPG-Fc. PDL blood vessels were compressed and decreased in number in all animals that received orthodontic appliances, regardless of OPG-Fc. Hyalinization was significantly increased only in animals with orthodontic appliances plus multiple injections of 5 mg/kg non-encapsulated OPG-Fc when compared to animals without appliances. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study indicate that while pharmacological modulation of tooth movement through osteoclast inhibition is feasible when delivered in a locally controlled low-dose manner, high-dose levels that completely prevent tooth movement through bone may decrease local blood flow and increase the incidence of hyalinization.
Process Improvement for Communication and Follow-up of Incidental Lung Nodules.

Abstract Objective Guideline-concordant follow-up of incidental lung nodules (ILNs) is suboptimal. We aimed to improve communication and tracking for follow-up of these common incidental findings detected on imaging examinations. Methods We implemented a process improvement program for reporting and tracking ILNs at a large urban academic health care system. A multidisciplinary committee designed, tested, and implemented a multipart tracking system in the electronic health record (EHR) that included Fleischner Society management recommendations for each patient. Plan-do-study-act cycles addressed gaps in the follow-up of ILNs, broken into phases of developing and testing components of the conceived EHR toolkit. Results The program resulted in standardized text macros with discrete categories and recommendations for ILNs, with ability to track each case in a work list within the EHR. The macros incorporated evidence-based guidelines and also input of collaborating clinical referrers in the respective specialty. The ILN macro was used 3,964 times over the first 2 years, increasing from 104 to over 300 uses per month. Usage spread across all subspecialty divisions, with nonthoracic radiologists currently accounting for 80% (56 of 70) of the radiologists using the system and 31% (1,230 of 3,964) of all captured ILNs. When radiologists indicated ILNs as warranting telephone communication to provider offices, completion was documented in 100% of the cases captured in the EHR-embedded tracking report. Conclusion An EHR-based system for managing incidental nodules enables case tracking with exact recommendations, provider communication, and completion of follow-up testing. Future efforts will target consistent radiologist use of the system and follow-up completion.
Perioperative outcomes and survival of octogenarians undergoing curative resection for esophagogastric adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Current data are conflicting as to whether the outcomes of octogenarians undergoing resection for esophagogastric adenocarcinoma are comparable to younger patients. This study aims to compare perioperative outcomes and survival of patients ≥80 years old with younger patients undergoing curative resection for esophagogastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS Retrospective data were collected on 190 patients who underwent resection with curative intent for adenocarcinomas found in the stomach and esophagogastric junction from 2004 to 2015 at a single institution. RESULTS Of the 190 patients, 34 (18%) were ≥80 years old. Octogenarians were more likely to have chronic kidney disease (CKD) and were less likely to have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathologic features were similar between groups. Octogenarians' tumors were more likely to be located in the gastric body as compared to the esophagogastric junction in younger patients. Although the length of stay was comparable, octogenarians were significantly less likely to be discharged home (P < .01). Both groups had a single death during the index admission. Incidence and severity of 90 days postoperative complications were not significantly different between groups. There was no difference in 30-day, 90-day, 1-year, or median survival. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative outcomes and survival of octogenarians undergoing curative resection for esophagogastric cancer are comparable to younger patients at our institution.
Milling Implement Manufacturing at the Ironwood Quarry, Riverside County, California

The Ironwood Quarry is one of a series of milling implement quarries in the Palo Verde Mountains Quarry District of southern California. This quarry presents a unique circumstance where most manufa...
Encapsulated papillary carcinoma with and without frank invasion: Comparison of clinicopathologic features and role of axillary staging.

To investigate clinical and pathologic features of encapsulated papillary carcinomas (EPCs) that may be associated with invasive disease and characterize the axillary staging practices for EPCs at our institution. A pathology database search for cases containing "papillary carcinoma" was performed. Slides were reviewed by two pathologists. Clinicopathological features and axillary staging practices of EPCs with and without invasion were compared. Twenty-five cases of EPCs were identified. Fifteen cases contained a frank invasive tumor (60%), which were all pT1 (0.7 ± 0.56 cm), and the majority were ER-positive, HER2-negative, low-grade IDC-NST. Seventeen patients underwent sentinel lymph node biopsies (SLNB). No nodal metastases were identified. Follow-up was available for 24 patients (mean = 39 ± 29 months); 23 had no NED. Patients that presented with a self-palpated mass (versus screening) were more likely to have an invasive component; however, no pathologic or radiologic features differentiated EPCs with and without frank invasion. Pathologic and radiologic characteristics did not differentiate EPCs with and without frank invasion. EPCs have an excellent prognosis supported by the notable disease-free survival and negative nodal status in our cohort, which supports the notion that patients with EPCs may forgo axillary staging.
Hate Speech at Public Universities: The Search for an Enforcement Model

Two kinds of challenges may be raised against the regulation of hate speech on college campuses. Hate speech policies may be attacked directly as a substantive abridgement of the first amend­ment rights of students and professors. Alternatively, restrictions on some manifestations of hate speech may be accepted in theory, but specific regulations are criticized on the grounds that they are vague and overbroad. Instead of precisely delineating the expres­sion that may be appropriately and constitutionally limited, par­ticular regulations may chill protected speech and provide too much unfettered discretion to an administrative staff. I have previously written at some length on the question of whether hate speech may be constitutionally prohibited in public universities. In my judgment, there are various situations in which hate speech may be restricted without violating the first amend­ment. This brief commentary will focus on the separate question of how a hate speech policy can be promulgated and enforced consistently with constitutional guarantees and the values of aca­demic freedom. For purposes of this discussion, however, it is necessary for readers who doubt the legitimacy of any restrictions on hate speech to assume arguendo that there are at least some instances in which hate speech may be prohibited in a university environment.
Performances of Two-Phase Cooling Technologies that Uses Water as Working Fluid under Sub-Ambient Pressures

Two-phase liquid vapor cooling is a promising technology option to achieve enhanced heat removal from integrated circuit components, which can drastically outpace its single-phase counterparts by leveraging the latent heat of the fluid. However, its application has been limited due to its inherent system complexity and relative system instability. The two-phase cooling control loop that provides the ability to sustainably utilize much less expensive working fluids such as water with far superior heat-transfer coefficients compared to traditional single-phase approaches has been revisited as a solution option for addressing the ever-increasing thermal demand placed on electronic components. Also, since typical integrated circuit components require the die temperature to remain below junction temperature, usually at or below 100°C, the system pressure should be maintained below atmosphere such that the saturation temperature of water can be reduced well below 100°C.The current study evaluates the pressure drops and heat transfer characteristics of water coolant flow at sub-atmospheric pressures for two different cooling configurations: 1) bare-die under jet impingement flow showcasing effective heat transfer coefficient well over 10 W/cm2-°C and 2) microchannel cold plate with thermal resistances less than half that of single-phase cooling with similar flow conditions. It has been demonstrated under variable flowrate and heat-flux conditions leveraging a sub-ambient pressure environment coupled with specific fluid preheating and pressurizing differential conditions, very capable and sustainable thermal cooling performance can be achieved for both configurations.
Equational Boolean Relation Theory

Equational Boolean Relation Theory concerns the Boolean equations between sets and their forward images under multivariate functions. We study a particular instance of equational BRT involving two multivariate functions on the natural numbers and three infinite sets of natural numbers. We prove this instance from certain large cardinal axioms going far beyond the usual axioms of mathematics as formalized by ZFC. We show that this particular instance cannot be proved in ZFC, even with the addition of slightly weaker large cardinal axioms, assuming the latter are consistent.
Mineral Facts and Fictions

Mineral deposits, especially in long-explored areas such as the lower forty-eight states, generally are hidden beneath the surface and can be found only through costly and risky exploration. Historically, an absolute preference was given to mineral activity, based on fictions which continue to enjoy widespread currency in the mining industry. The US Bureau of Mines figures themselves demonstrate an accelerating magnitude of surface disturbance as mining moves increasingly from underground to open-pit and surface mining. Leasing, or a modified claim system with some control over access and with the right to impose restrictions to prohibit impacts, would allow a more balanced approach. From the standpoint of the federal taxpayer, such payments are a bogus issue, since they almost all are turned over to the western states rather than to the general treasury. Moreover, the western states can and do take care of themselves through severance, property and sales taxes.
Hannah's Travel

Missouri, Kentucky, western Virginia. As young men, each one saw the land left to him, & every time he looked he heard all its stories, the early frost & the luck of rain, the child who died & his own fever passing. One night John leans against the table whose every mark is the light it was made in, his father glaring out at weather, making the boy feel like weather. When it lifts in the sky the father thinks the boy's soaring is what he was looking for all along. When John thinks what can't be taken with us?how the table
Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome due to umbilical piercing

Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous pathogen responsible for a wide range of pathology, including toxic shock syndrome (TSS). We report a rare case of TSS in an otherwise healthy 16-year-old female with recent history of cellulitis at the site of umbilical piercing. The described case is an important reminder for physicians to consider TSS in the differential diagnosis of septic-appearing patients, including those with history of cutaneous infections near body piercing sites.
The mystery of the shape parameter III

Abstract This is a continuation of our earlier study of the shape parameter c contained in the multiquadrics ( − 1 ) ⌈ β 2 ⌉ ( c 2 + ‖ x ‖ 2 ) β 2 , β > 0 , and the inverse multiquadrics ( c 2 + ‖ x ‖ 2 ) β , β 0 . In the previous two papers we presented criteria for the optimal choice of c, based on the exponential-type error bound. In this paper a new set of criteria is developed, based on the improved exponential-type error bound. This results in much sharper error estimates when c is chosen appropriately, with the same size of fill distance as in the previous two papers. What is important is that the optimal value of c can be successfully predicted without any search when fill distance is of reasonable size, making it practically useful. The drawback is that the distribution of the data points is not purely scattered. However, for practical purposes, it does not seem to be a big problem.
Ab initio modeling of Fe(II) adsorption and interfacial electron transfer at goethite (α-FeOOH) surfaces

Goethite (α-FeOOH) surfaces represent one of the most ubiquitous redox-active interfaces in the environment, playing an important role in biogeochemical metal cycling and contaminant residence in the subsurface. Fe(II)-catalyzed recrystallization of goethite is a fundamental process in this context, but the proposed Fe(II)aq–Fe(III)goethite electron and iron atom exchange mechanism of recrystallization remains poorly understood at the atomic level. We examine the adsorption of aqueous Fe(II) and subsequent interfacial electron transfer (ET) between adsorbed Fe(II) and structural Fe(III) at the (110) and (021) goethite surfaces using density functional theory calculations including Hubbard U corrections (DFT + U) aided by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. We investigate various surface sites for the adsorption of Fe2+(H2O)6 in different coordination environments. Calculated energies for adsorbed complexes at both surfaces favor monodentate complexes with reduced 4- and 5-fold coordination over higher-dentate structures and 6-fold coordination. The hydrolysis of H2O ligands is observed for some pre-ET adsorbed Fe(II) configurations. ET from the adsorbed Fe(II) into the goethite lattice is calculated to be energetically uphill always, but simultaneous proton transfer from H2O ligands of the adsorbed complexes to the surface oxygen species stabilizes post-ET states. We find that surface defects such as oxygen vacancies near the adsorption site also can stabilize post-ET states, enabling the Fe(II)aq–Fe(III)goethite interfacial electron transfer reaction implied from experiments to proceed.
Synthesis and structures of ruthenium di- and tricarbonyl complexes derived from 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one.

Carbon monoxide (CO) has recently been shown to impart beneficial effects in mammalian physiology and considerable research attention is now being directed toward metal–carbonyl complexes as a means of delivering CO to bio­logical targets. Two ruthenium carbonyl complexes, namely trans-di­carbonyl­dichlorido­(4,5-di­aza­fluoren-9-one-κ2N,N′)ruthenium(II), [RuCl2(C11H6N2O)(CO)2], (1), and fac-tri­carbonyl­dichlorido­(4,5-di­aza­fluoren-9-one-κN)ruthenium(II), [RuCl2(C11H6N2O)(CO)3], (2), have been isolated and structurally characterized. In the case of complex (1), the trans-directing effect of the CO ligands allows bidentate coordination of the 4,5-di­aza­fluoren-9-one (dafo) ligand despite a larger bite distance between the N-donor atoms. In complex (2), the cis disposition of two chloride ligands restricts the ability of the dafo mol­ecule to bind ruthenium in a bidentate fashion. Both complexes exhibit well defined 1H NMR spectra confirming the diamagnetic ground state of RuII and display a strong absorption band around 300 nm in the UV.
Cyrtarachne keralensis Jose, 2011 is a junior synonym of Anepsion maritatum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877) (Araneae, Araneidae)

The Indo-pacific araneid genus Anepsion, with A. rhomboides (L. Koch, 1867) as the type species, was erected by Strand in 1929. He proposed the name Anepsion as a replacement name for Anepsia L. Koch, 1871, preoccupied by Anepsia Gistl, 1848, a dipteran genus (OBIS Australia, 2015). The genus was revised by Chrysanthus (1961, 1969) and currently has 16 described species and 1 subspecies (World Spider Catalog 2015). In the present paper, we are reporting the genus from India for the first time and synonymising Cyrtarachne keralensis Jose, 2011 with Anepsion maritatum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877. A redescription and illustrations of both male and female of A. maritatum are provided.
Neofunctionalization of young duplicate genes in Drosophila

Gene duplication is a key source of genetic innovation that plays a role in the evolution of phenotypic complexity. Although several evolutionary processes can result in the long-term retention of duplicate genes, their relative contributions in nature are unknown. Here we develop a phylogenetic approach for comparing genome-wide expression profiles of closely related species to quantify the roles of conservation, neofunctionalization, subfunctionalization, and specialization in the preservation of duplicate genes. Application of our method to pairs of young duplicates in Drosophila shows that neofunctionalization, the gain of a novel function in one copy, accounts for the retention of almost two-thirds of duplicate genes. Surprisingly, novel functions nearly always originate in younger (child) copies, whereas older (parent) copies possess functions similar to those of ancestral genes. Further examination of such pairs reveals a strong bias toward RNA-mediated duplication events, implicating asymmetric duplication and positive selection in the evolution of new functions. Moreover, we show that young duplicate genes are expressed primarily in testes and that their expression breadth increases over evolutionary time. This finding supports the “out-of-testes” hypothesis, which posits that testes are a catalyst for the emergence of new genes that ultimately evolve functions in other tissues. Thus, our study highlights the importance of neofunctionalization and positive selection in the retention of young duplicates in Drosophila and illustrates how duplicates become incorporated into novel functional networks over evolutionary time.
Dual-therapeutic reporter genes fusion for enhanced cancer gene therapy and imaging.

Two of the successful gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapies include herpes simplex virus–thymidine kinase (HSV1–TK) enzyme-ganciclovir prodrug and the Escherichia coli nitroreductase (NTR) enzyme-CB1954 prodrug strategies; these enzyme-prodrug combinations produce activated cytotoxic metabolites of the prodrugs capable of tumor cell death by inhibiting DNA synthesis and killing quiescent cells, respectively. Both these strategies also affect significant bystander cell killing of neighboring tumor cells that do not express these enzymes. We have developed a dual-combination gene strategy, where we identified HSV1-TK and NTR fused in a particular orientation can effectively kill tumor cells when the tumor cells are treated with a fusion HSV1-TK–NTR gene– along with a prodrug combination of GCV and CB1954. In order to determine whether the dual-system demonstrate superior therapeutic efficacy than either HSV1-TK or NTR systems alone, we conducted both in vitro and in vivo tumor xenograft studies using triple negative SUM159 breast cancer cells, by evaluating the efficacy of cell death by apoptosis and necrosis upon treatment with the dual HSV1-TK genes-GCV-CB1954 prodrugs system, and compared the efficiency to HSV1-TK–GCV and NTR-CB1954. Our cell-based studies, tumor regression studies in xenograft mice, histological analyses of treated tumors and bystander studies indicate that the dual HSV1-TK–NTR–prodrug system is two times more efficient even with half the doses of both prodrugs than the respective single gene-prodrug system, as evidenced by enhanced apoptosis and necrosis of tumor cells in vitro in culture and xenograft of tumor tissues in animals.
Formulation and solution of the drum-buffer-rope constraint scheduling problem ( DBRCSP)

This paper seeks to advance the current understanding of constraint scheduling in several ways. First, it describes the need for constraint scheduling in DBR systems. It then formally presents the production scheduling problem DBR attempts to solve and relates that formulation to prior research. Finally, it evaluates the quality of solutions produced by the solution algorithm incorporated by the Goldratt Institute (and now maintained by the TOC Center's Goal Systems Group) in their production software on a set of benchmark problems involving multiple constraints. The results show that generally good results can be obtained as long as the constraints are scheduled in the best sequence.
Adapting the Sheehan Disability Scale to Assess Child and Parent Impairment Related to Childhood Anxiety Disorders

This study describes a child adaptation of the Sheehan Disability Scale, a measure of impairment among anxious adults. Parallel child and parent report forms were created to assess the degree to which anxiety interferes with child and parent social, educational/occupational, and family functioning. Data from 267 anxious children (140 boys ages 5-19) and their parents collected during a diagnostic assessment were compared to data from 85 children (47 boys ages 9-18) from the community collected by mail. The validity of the Child Sheehan Disability Scale (CSDS) report forms were supported by correlations with interview and self-report measures of related constructs, as well as differences between children with and without anxiety disorders. The sensitivity of the CSDS to treatment effects was demonstrated in a subset of the clinical sample. Logistical regression suggested that the CSDS contributes unique variance beyond symptom severity for identifying children who present for treatment.
The High Frequency of Anti‐Bga

Summary. Anti-Bga is detectable in 1.5% of donor and patient samples, when tested with a strongly reacting Bg(a+) cell. If, as suggested, this antibody is of little clinical significance, red cells used for antibody detection should lack this strong Bga antigen.
An empirical study of the prediction performance of space-filling designs

The Gaussian process (GASP) model has found widespread use as a surrogate model for results from deterministic computer model output. In this paper, we compare the fits of GASP models to specific space-filling designs based on their accuracy in predicting responses at previously unsampled locations. This is done empirically using several test functions. We demonstrate that no one space-filling design outperforms another with respect to prediction accuracy. We also found that while the GASP model is substantially easier to fit using the cubic correlation function than with the Gaussian correlation function, its prediction accuracy is not quite as good as the Gaussian correlation function for the chosen test functions especially for larger sample sizes. The best way to improve prediction accuracy is to increase the number of simulation runs, which suggests that the efficient augmentation of space filling designs is an important area for further research.
A semantic query-based approach for management decision-making

Decision-making is one of the critical activities of management in business. However, decision support systems that support management decision-making activities lack the semantics involved in responding to semantic queries involving reasoning. We consider an ontology-based knowledge base that covers linked data about organizations, people and activities in a supply chain. In this paper, we explore how to effectively answer semantic queries to support management decision-making, where custom rules are employed for answering qualitative queries. We explore the ontological data representation and a similarity measure for data integration. We present a hybrid reasoning algorithm for answering qualitative queries. This algorithm adapts the reasoner such that, when proving a goal, it does a simple retrieval when it encounters trusted items, and backward-chaining over untrusted items. We provide a case study and evaluate the hybrid reasoning algorithm on scalability, query processing time and support for manage...
Open Access Dissemination Challenges: A Case Study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore dissemination, broadly considered, of an open access (OA) database as part of a librarian‐faculty collaboration currently in progress.Design/methodology/approach – Dissemination of an online database by librarians is broadly considered, including metadata optimization for multiple access points and user notification methods.Findings – Librarians address OA dissemination challenges by investigating search engine optimization and seeking new opportunities for dissemination on the web. Differences in library metadata formats inhibit metadata optimization and need resolution.Research limitations/implications – The collaboration is in progress and many of the ideas and conclusions listed have not been implemented.Practical implications – Libraries should consider their role in scholarly publishing, develop workflows to enable it, and extend their efforts to the web.Originality/value – This paper contributes to the scant literature on dissemination by libraries,...
Molecular diagnostics in periprosthetic joint infection

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a significant and costly challenge to the orthopedic community. The lack of a gold standard for diagnosis remains the biggest obstacle in the detection and subsequent treatment of PJI. Molecular markers in the serum and joint fluid aspirate hold immense promise to enhance the development of a firm diagnostic criterion. The primary goal is one marker with high sensitivity and specificity. Here, we review our current research efforts in the field of molecular markers: C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cells, and leukocyte esterase. Each marker has been studied to determine its sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values in diagnosing PJI.
Effect of composition of (La0.8Sr0.2MnO3–Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2) cathodes: Correlating three-dimensional microstructure and polarization resistance

Abstract Composite La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSM)–Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) cathodes with compositions ranging from 30:70 to 70:30 wt.% LSM:YSZ were studied both electrochemically and microstructurally. Polarization resistance was lowest for the 50 wt.% YSZ composition, and increased symmetrically as the composition deviated from this value. Serial-sectioning using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy was implemented to reconstruct the three-dimensional cathode microstructure. Various averaged structural parameters were determined versus composition, including phase volume fractions, surface area densities, total triple-phase boundary (TPB) densities, interfacial curvatures, phase tortuosities, and the levels of phase connectivity. Typically >90% of the pore and YSZ networks were found to be intra-connected to the surrounding phase, but the LSM networks showed lower connected fractions, as low as 37.5% for a LSM weight fraction of 30%. The composition dependences of the total TPB density and electrochemically-active TPB density (i.e., TPB's on three fully intra-connected phases) were shown to agree reasonably well with simple “sphere-packing” structural models. An electrochemical model that accounted for the linear-specific resistance of TPB's, phase intra-connectivity, and oxygen ion transport in the YSZ as influenced by its tortuosity, was found to provide reasonable agreement with the measured polarization resistance versus composition.