cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Parallel pregnancies: The impact on the supervisory relationship and art therapy practice

Abstract This paper explores a unique circumstance of simultaneous pregnancy within an art therapy supervisory relationship, and the impact of the supervisee therapist’s pregnancy on treatment with adolescents in art therapy. At the time of their parallel pregnancy journey, the co-authors served as art therapists, with the first author supervising the second author, at a residential treatment facility for adolescents with histories of severe trauma, abuse, and neglect. The existing literature is relatively silent on the topic of the art therapist’s pregnancy, as well as the impact of pregnancy on the clinical supervision relationship. Therefore, the authors utilized a reflective developmental model of supervision in which support, mutual inquiry, and education were critical in navigating the unique challenges specific to the three trimesters of pregnancy. Special attention is paid to description of practical issues that arose; including pregnancy disclosure, managing boundaries both with clients and in supervision, and maintaining self-care. Two case examples illustrate the impact of the supervisee therapist’s pregnancy on relational dynamics with adolescents, and client artwork. As women comprise the majority of practicing art therapists, the authors conclude that there may be a critical need for increased research, guidance, and support for art therapists in the under-explored area of the impact of pregnancy on therapeutic practice.
Changes of median nerve conduction, cross-sectional area and mobility by radioulnar wrist compression intervention in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

Background Owing to the compressive nature of the neuropathy, patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) have prolonged distal motor latency (DML), sensory nerve latency (SNL), median nerve swelling and restricted median nerve mobility. The purpose of this study was to noninvasively augment carpal tunnel space using radioulnar wrist compression (RWC) and evaluate its effects on median nerve pathological properties in patients with CTS. It was hypothesized that the RWC intervention would reduce the median nerve DML, SNL and cross-sectional area (CSA) and enhance longitudinal median nerve mobility in patients. with CTS. Methods Eleven patients diagnosed with CTS participated in this study. A portable RWC intervention splint was developed to apply 10 N of compressive force across the wrist. Three daily sessions of RWC were performed over 4 weeks of intervention (15 min per session, 45 min per day, 7 days per week). Each 15-min session consisted of three 5-min blocks of RWC, with a 1-min rest in between consecutive blocks. Patients were evaluated at Week 0 (baseline), Week 2 (mid-intervention) and Week 4 (end of intervention). DML and SNL of the median nerve were evaluated using established nerve conduction study techniques. Median nerve CSA at the distal wrist crease was obtained by ultrasound imaging. Median nerve motion associated with finger flexion/extension was captured by dynamic ultrasound imaging and quantified using a speckle cross-correlation algorithm. Finger flexion/extension was recorded using an electrogoniometer. The slope of the regressed linear equation of median nerve displacement as a function of finger flexion angle was used to quantify nerve mobility. Results Patients with CTS showed significantly decreased DML (p = 0.048) and median nerve CSA (p < 0.001) and increased nerve mobility (p < 0.001) at mid-intervention compared to baseline. However, DML, CSA and mobility of the median nerve did not differ significantly between Weeks 2 and 4 (p = 0.574, 1.00 and 0.139, respectively). Median nerve SNL was not significantly affected throughout the 4-week intervention (p = 0.330 for Week 0 vs. 2; p = 1.00 for Week 2 vs. 4). Conclusion This study revealed that RWC intervention with 10-N force applied to the wrist in the radioulnar direction could restore impaired neurophysiological and biomechanical functions of the median nerve. The beneficial effects of RWC intervention for the median nerve were in evidence after a relatively short period of two weeks. These functional improvements could be explained by intermittent decompression of the median nerve via RWC-induced augmentation of the carpal arch. The translational potential of this article Biomechanically manipulating the carpal tunnel by RWC decompresses the median nerve and has the potential to become an alternative treatment for CTS.
Fatigue Associated with Radiation Treatment for Breast Cancer

Fatigue is one of the most prevalent and debilitating symptoms that breast cancer patients experience. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) can persist for many years after treatment has ended, and it is not relieved by either rest or sleep. Fatigue negatively affects quality of life and physical function and may result in decreased adherence to medical treatment. Increasing evidence shows that fatigue is prognostic of survival. In this chapter, we discuss the prevalence, biological mechanisms, and predictors of fatigue in women with breast cancer who receive radiotherapy. The impact of radiation dose and modality on the development of fatigue, as well as interventions for fatigue, are also reviewed.
ACL GRAFT FAILURE IN PROFESSIONAL ATHLETES COMPARED TO THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION

BACKGROUNDRe-tear rates in pediatric and adolescent patients undergoing ACL reconstruction are higher than the general adult population. This has been postulated to be due to many reasons; one of w...
Polydimethylsiloxane Erosion as a Cause for Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections.

Abstract Background: Urethral bulking agents are commonly used for the management of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Little long-term data exist for these agents, with few reports of migration o...
Prevention begets prevention - lessons from the Da Qing Study.

Lifestyle interventions in patients with prediabetes can delay the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but long-term data on diabetes complications are lacking. A new report from the Da Qing Study provides data on the effect of lifestyle interventions on diabetes mellitus complications and mortality in patients with prediabetes who were followed up for 30 years.
Exhaustive extraction of cyclopeptides from Amanita phalloides: Guidelines for working with complex mixtures of secondary metabolites.

Understanding plant-insect interactions is an active area of research in both ecology and evolution. Much attention has been focused on the impact of secondary metabolites in the host plant or fungi on these interactions. Plants and fungi contain a variety of biologically active compounds, and the secondary metabolite profile can vary significantly between individual samples. However, many experiments characterize the biological effects of only a single secondary metabolite or a subset of these compounds.Here, we develop an exhaustive extraction protocol using an accelerated solvent extraction protocol to recover the complete suite of cyclopeptides and other secondary metabolites found in Amanita phalloides (death cap mushrooms) and compare its efficacy to the "Classic" extraction method used in earlier works.We demonstrate that our extraction protocol recovers the full suite of cyclopeptides and other secondary metabolites in A. phalloides unlike the "Classic" method that favors polar cyclopeptides.Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for how to optimize protocols to ensure exhaustive extracts and also the best practices when using natural extracts in ecological experiments.
Laparoscopic Right Hepatectomy

This chapter discusses technical aspects of laparoscopic right hepatectomy, including instrumentation and equipment, patient positioning and trocar placement, and surgical steps. The authors also offer pearls and pitfalls.
We Are Dancing For You: Native Feminisms And The Revitalization Of Women’s Coming-of-age Ceremonies: Cutcha Risling Baldy. 2018. Vancouver, BC, Canada: University of Washington Press. ISBN: 9780295743448

We Are Dancing for You: Native Feminisms and the Revitalization of Women’s Coming-of-Age Ceremonies begins with author Cutcha Risling Baldy’s story about her refusal, as a child, to participate in ...
The Impact of Virtual Surgical Planning on the Value of Orthognathic Surgery for the Maxillofacial Surgeon

Background: The practice of orthognathic surgery traditionally involved time-intensive presurgical planning that was associated with decreased compensation relative to other procedures within the s...
Roles of glycoconjugates in neural patterning in C. elegans.

Abstract Establishment of neural circuits requires reproducible and precise interactions between growing axons, dendrites and their tissue environment. Cell adhesion molecules and guidance factors are involved in the process, but how specificity is achieved remains poorly understood. Glycans are the third major class of biopolymers besides nucleic acids and proteins, and are usually covalently linked to proteins to form glycoconjugates. Common to most glycans is an extraordinary level of molecular diversity, making them attractive candidates to contribute specificity during neural development. Indeed, many genes important for neural development encode glycoproteins, or enzymes involved in synthesizing or modifying glycans. Glycoconjugates are classified based on both the types of glycans and type of attachment that link them to proteins. Here I discuss progress in understanding the function of glycans, glycan modifications and glycoconjugates during neural development in Caenorhabditis elegans. I will also highlight relevance to human disease and known roles of glycoconjugates in regeneration.
The Actin Genes in Caenorhabditis elegans

The proliferation of research on Caenorhabditis elegans in 1974 included, as a major point of focus, work related to myogenesis. C. elegans is an attractive organism for such studies because the worm is amenable to both genetic and biochemical dissection. As a result, there exists today a detailed description of C. elegans muscle lineage and ultrastructure, a collection of mutants affecting the ultrastructural organization of muscle, and numerous characterized clones of genes encoding contractile proteins.
Jane Austen: Two Centuries of Criticism

Among the most important English novelists, Jane Austen is unusual because she is esteemed not only by academics but by the reading public. Her novels continue to sell well, and films adapted from her works enjoy strong box-office success. The trajectory of Austen criticism is intriguing, especially when one compares it to that of other nineteenth-century English writers. At least partly because she was a woman in the early nineteenth century, she was long neglected by critics, hardly considered a major figure in English literature until well into the twentieth century, a hundred years after her death. But consequently she escaped the reaction against Victorianism that did so much to hurt the reputation of Dickens, Tennyson, Arnold, and others. How she rose to prominence among academic critics - and has retained her position through the constant shifting of academic and critical trends - is a story worth telling, as it suggests not only something about Austen's artistry but also about how changes in critical perspective can radically alter a writer's reputation. Laurence W. Mazzeno is President Emeritus of Alvernia University, Reading, Pennsylvania.
Neighborhood Attributes Associated With the Social Environment

Abstract Purpose. To examine the association between specific attributes of neighborhood environments and four social environment measures. Design. Data were collected as part of a baseline survey among participants enrolling in a walking intervention. Setting. Participants were recruited from a metropolitan area in a Southeastern state. Subjects. Participants (n = 294) were predominantly African-American (67%) and female (86%), with some college education (79%) and a mean age of 49. Measures. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Environment Module assessed perceptions about neighborhood attributes. The social environment was assessed using three distinct scales: social cohesion, social interactions with neighbors, and social support for physical activity from family and friends. Analysis. Multiple regression models examined associations between neighborhood attributes and social environment measures, adjusting for demographic variables. Results. Having walkable destinations and having access...
Numerical Computation of Electromagnetic Fields in Metals Using A Modified Finite-difference Time Domain Method

The Gandhi's scaled-frequency FDTD (finite-difference time domain) method for electromagnetic fields of low frequency was modified, and so can be adaptable to the numerical computation of electromagnetic phenomena in metals. The computational results by a simplified model agreed well with the analytical solutions. A new treatment for the interface of metal and dielectric was also presented, further how and why it is was explained. The low-frequency electromagnetic fields were computed successfully due to this treatment. The computational results are in excellent agreement with the experimental ones.
Operations Research to Improve Disaster Supply Chain Management

Disasters have recently received the attention of the operations research community because of the great potential of improving disaster-related operations through the use of analytical tools, and the impact on people that this implies. In this introductory article, we describe the main characteristics of disaster supply chains, and we highlight the particular issues that are faced when managing these supply chains. We illustrate how operations research tools can be used to make better decisions, taking debris management operations as an example, and discuss potential general research directions in this area. Keywords: analytical tools; humanitarian relief initiative; Hurricane Katrina; EMDAT
Neural network approaches for lateral control of autonomous highway vehicles

The research reported in this paper focuses on the automated steering aspects of intelligent highway vehicles. Proposed is a machine vision system for capturing driver views of the oncoming highway environment. The objective is to investigate various designs of artificial neural networks for processing the resulting images and generating acceptable steering commands for the vehicle. The research effort has involved the construction of a computer graphical simulation system, called the Road Machine, which is used as the experimental environment for analyzing, through simulation, alternative neural network approaches for controlling autonomous highway vehicles. The Road Machine serves as both the training environment and the experimental testing environment for the autonomous highway vehicle. It is composed of five (5) major modules: Highway design, Driver view simulation, Image processing, Neural network design and training, and Autonomous driving simulation. Two types of neural network control structures are under active research, Back-propagation and Adaptive Resonance. The Road Machine is written in C and operates on Silicon Graphics workstations using Unix and the SGI graphics language.
Simple Formulas for Financial Analysts for Pricing Zero-Dividend and Positive-Dividend Stocks

This paper derives simple stock valuation formulas for pricing zero-dividend and positive-dividend stocks using alternative wealth creation models given as: i) the EVA model of Stewart [1991], ii) the residual income model of Edwards and Bell [1961] and Ohlson [1990, 1991, 1995], and iii) the franchise factor model of Leibowitz and Kogelman [1990, 1992, 1994]. An advantage of these models over the wealth distribution models (such as, Gordon's [1963] dividend discount model) is that dividends are obtained endogenously under these models. We derive formulas both for dividend paying as well as zero-dividend paying stocks under multiple growth rates. These formulas are easy to use and allow a variety of assumptions that can be input by financial analysts for pricing stocks.
Digital Libraries Initiative, Phase 2

Summary form only given, as follows. The Digital Libraries Initiative, Phase 2 is a multiagency Federal initiative for conducting research leading to the next generation of digital libraries, advancing the use and usability of globally distributed, networked information resources, and encouraging existing and new communities to focus on innovative application areas. Since digital libraries are meant to provide intellectual access to stores of information, research in this initiative is concerned with developing concepts, technologies and tools to gain use of the fuller knowledge and meaning inherent in digital collections. For example, for users this means intelligent search, retrieval, organization and presentation tools and interfaces; for content and collections providers this means new information types, structures, document encoding and metadata for enhancing context; for system builders this means designing hardware and software systems capable of interpreting and implementing users? requests by locating, federating and querying collections to provide the user with the structured information sought. Panel speakers will be be drawn from the recent DLI-2 awardees and will represent a broad spectrum of digital library research.
Driven by Consequences: The Multiscale Molar View of Choice

In the Multiscale Molar View of behavior, all behavior is seen as choice and is measured as time allocation. Because time is limited, activities compete for the limited time available. When Phylogenetically Important Events (PIEs) that ultimately affect fitness and ontogenetic proxies of these PIEs occur as consequences of an activity, they drive time spent in that activity. Time allocation is studied in the laboratory with concurrent payoff schedules, in which two or more schedules operate simultaneously. The generalized matching law describes choice in relation to relative consequences. It has been verified for food and other PIEs and for pairs of variable-interval schedules and variable-interval schedules paired with variable-ratio schedules. Because behavior produces consequences in the environment and those consequences in turn affect behavior, the environmental feedback functions and behavioral functional relations may be characterized as a feedback system. When different activities produce different consequences, choice depends also on the substitutability of the consequences. When consequences are perfectly substitutable, exclusive preference may occur, but when they are imperfectly substitutable, partial preferences may occur. Choice may become a dilemma pitting impulsivity against self-control when consequences are not stationary with respect to time. Evaluated in short timeframes, an activity may be strongly induced by its consequences, but evaluated in long timeframes, its consequences may be extremely negative; such an activity (e.g., using cocaine or lying) is a bad habit. A good habit (e.g., tooth brushing or helping others) presents the opposite conflict: bad consequences in short timeframes and positive consequences in long timeframes. Research on choice between good and bad habits may reveal factors that increase time spent in good habits relative to time spent in bad habits. The Multiscale Molar View helps to clarify various complexities that underlie choice viewed as time allocation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Knowledge-based data mining

We describe techniques for combining two types of knowledge systems: expert and machine learning. Both the expert system and the learning system represent information by logical decision rules or trees. Unlike the classical views of knowledge-base evaluation or refinement, our view accepts the contents of the knowledge base as completely correct. The knowledge base and the results of its stored cases will provide direction for the discovery of new relationships in the form of newly induced decision rules. An expert system called SEAS was built to discover sales leads for computer products and solutions. The system interviews executives by asking questions, and based on the responses, recommends products that may improve a business' operations. Leveraging this expert system, we record the results of the interviews and the program's recommendations. The very same data stored by the expert system is used to find new predictive rules. Among the potential advantages of this approach are (a) the capability to spot new sales trends and (b) the substitution of less expensive probabilistic rules that use database data instead of interviews.
Detection of group B Streptococcus comparison of solid and liquid culture media with and without selective antibiotics

A total of 952 consecutive vaginal swabs were obtained from patients who attended obstetric or gynecologic clinics affiliated with the Children's Hospital of Buffalo, New York. Swabs were cultured comparatively on 5% sheep blood agar (BA), selective sheep blood agar containing 1.25 micrograms/ml trimethoprim-23.75 micrograms/ml sulfamethoxazole (SXT), and Lim broth (Todd-Hewitt broth containing 1% yeast extract, 10 micrograms/ml colistin, and 15 micrograms/ml nalidixic acid). A total of 168 swabs (18%) were positive (by at least one method) for group B Streptococcus (GBS). The overall agreement among the three techniques was 90% (858 of 952); 94 specimens (10%, 94 of 952) had discrepant results, and 74 of these (44%, 74 of 168) were positive, only by Lim as opposed to two (1%) and 0 by BA and SXT, respectively. There were only two (2%, 2 of 168) false negative for Lim as compared with 82 (49%) for BA and 86 (51%) for SXT. Thus, the sensitivity of GBS detection by BA, SXT, and Lim is 51%, 49%, and 99%, respectively. These data suggest that the use of Lim broth increases the recovery rate of GBS by 48% after 48 h while the use of the SXT plate reduced the recovery rate by 2% as compared with the conventional BA plate.
A security scheme for aglets

Aglets, a framework and runtime platform for mobile agents developed by the IBM Tokyo Research Laboratory, is an advanced system of mobile agents written in Java, and is already used in some commercial applications. Using mobile agent technologies provides potential benefits to applications, but they also pose security threats to those applications. These threats not only come as malicious agents, but also in the form of malicious hosts. In this paper we introduce security features against these threats. Access control and message protection can prevent attacks by malicious agents. Server authentication allows agents to avoid movement to malicious hosts and blocks suspicious agents coming from malicious hosts.
NEW APPROACHES TO ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR PATIENTS WITH ADVERSE HISTOPATHOLOGIC FINDINGS FOLLOWING RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY

Prostate cancer has become the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men in the United States and one of the leading causes of cancer death.5,93,113 As many as 58% to 70% of the nearly 244,000 men who were discovered to suffer with prostate cancer in 1995 were diagnosed with prostatic carcinoma that appears to be confined to the prostate gland.8,76,94,113 For these men, primary treatment by surgical resection or by radiation therapy offers the possibility of cancer cure if carcinoma cells have not escaped the confines of the surgical resection specimen or radiation treatment port. Unfortunately, for many of the men treated with radical prostatectomy or with definitive radiation therapy, prostatic carcinoma cells persist following initial treatment and contribute to eventual morbidity and mortality. Prostatic carcinoma cells may persist despite primary treatment in the pelvis, because the cells have eluded resection or evaded the toxicity of ionizing radiation, or in distant metastatic sites, such as the bones, because the cells have propagated as occult metastases. For a number of other life-threatening cancers, including breast cancers, colon cancers, and many sarcomas, the use of systemic adjuvant treatment appears to eliminate persistent cancer cells following primary surgical or radiation treatment and increase the overall cancer cure rates.9,21,65 As of yet, no adjuvant therapy for prostate cancer has been developed that demonstrably increases cure rates following primary surgery or radiation treatment. New basic molecular concepts for systemic treatment of prostate cancer, however, offer promise for the discovery of new adjuvant treatments that eradicate prostatic carcinoma cells persisting after primary treatment. Furthermore, new clinical investigation strategies have evolved that permit the rapid evaluation of such new adjuvant treatments. In this article, the new treatment concepts and new clinical trial paradigms are reviewed. It is hoped that knowledge of these exciting new directions for prostate cancer treatment will engender renewed interest in prostate cancer adjuvant therapy and provide a foundation for further systemic treatment development as adjuvant therapy.
The use of "vertical integration groups" to help define and update course/clerkship content.

Faculty at many medical schools are working hard to improve the quality of their curricula. While the world "curriculum" means different things to different people, curricular change often includes improving the structure of the teaching/learning environment (e.g., seminars or problem-based learning groups vs lectures), the content of courses and clerkships (the core set of knowledge, skills, and attitudes that should be learned), and the manner in which student learning of knowledge and skills is evaluated (the sense that evaluation can help "drive" the curriculum). The author describes how "vertical integration groups" have been used over four years at Dartmouth Medical School to improve and modernize the content of courses and clerkships. In this approach, students and faculty work together to address and improve content areas that normally are not associated with traditional, discipline-centered courses or clerkships. The author discusses the advantages of this approach, the challenges encountered during implementation, and examples of how the approach has been put into action.
Impacts of hypersaline acclimation on the acute toxicity of the organophosphate chlorpyrifos to salmonids

Acclimation to hypersaline conditions enhances the acute toxicity of certain thioether organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in some species of euryhaline fish. As the organophosphate chlorpyrifos is commonly detected in salmonid waterways, the impacts of hypersaline conditions on its toxicity were examined. In contrast to other previously examined pesticides, time to death by chlorpyrifos was more rapid in freshwater than in hypersaline water (16ppth). The median lethal time (LT50) after 100μg/L chlorpyrifos exposure was 49h (95% CI: 31-78) and 120h (95% CI: 89-162) for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in freshwater and those acclimated to hypersaline conditions, respectively. Previous studies with hypersaline acclimated fish indicated induction of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes that may detoxify chlorpyrifos. In the current study, chlorpyrifos metabolism was unaltered in liver and gill microsomes of freshwater and hypersaline acclimated fish. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition in brain and bioavailability of chlorpyrifos from the aqueous exposure media were also unchanged. In contrast, mRNA expression of neurological targets: calcium calmodulin dependent protein kinase II delta, chloride intracellular channel 4, and G protein alpha i1 were upregulated in saltwater acclimated fish, consistent with diminished neuronal signaling which may protect animals from cholinergic overload associated with acetylcholinesterase inhibition. These results indicate targets other than acetylcholinesterase may contribute to the altered toxicity of chlorpyrifos in salmonids under hypersaline conditions.
An Improved Noise Path Synthesis Technique for Systems With Nonlinear Joints

An efficient synthesis approach is developed which permits the calculation of the steady-state frequency response (FRF) of an assembly that is comprised of linear components and nonlinear joints. Receptance or accelerance matrices are used to characterize the linear components, which permits condensation of the system to just the joint degrees-of-freedom which is an immediate computational savings. Integrated into the technique is a frequency continuation scheme which permits studies across a wide range of frequencies — a key improvement to the continuation technique is the use of spline fits for the component FRF curves which provides significant cost savings over using modal expansion series at each iteration and also permits experimental data to be used if available. Finally, the calculated nonlinear joint forces are then used to study the power flow, structural and airborne, in the assembly, as well as to provide insight into the dynamic behavior within the components.Copyright © 2003 by ASME
Beam divergence determination and collimation using retroreflectors

On decrit une methode pour determiner l'etalement angulaire d'un faisceau de lumiere et pour s'assurer qu'un faisceau est vraiment collimate
Cottonseed Proteins in Frankfurters: Effect on pH, Cured Color, and Sensory and Physical Properties

Frankfurter-type sausages were made in which 5%, 10%, or 15% of the meat was replaced with the following cottonseed-derived protein products: genetically glandless cottonseed flour (CF); liquid cyclone processed deglanded cottonseed flour (LCPC); genetically glandless cottonseed storage protein isolate (CI). All-meat controls (0% cottonseed protein additive) were formulated at each replacement level with fat contents equivalent to those of the cottonseed protein-added frankfurters. Compared to all-meat controls, frankfurters made with increasing levels of cottonseed proteins generally had higher pH values, less cured color, less firmness of skin, softer texture, and were less desirable as judged by sensory panels. At the 10% and 15% replacement levels, frankfurters containing LCPC, had significantly (P < 0.05) lower scores for external and internal visual color, overall satisfaction and bioyield and rupture force values than did Cl-added frankfurters. Simple correlation coefficients suggest that significantly (P < 0.05) correlated responses exist within and across replacement levels between pH and sensory panel scores, Instron values and visual color scores.
Effect of Rye Incorporation, Planting Date, and Soil Temperature on Damage to Muskmelon Transplants by Seedcorn Maggot ( Diptera: Anthomyiidae )

Seedcorn maggot, Delia platura (Meigen), is an important pest of early-planted melons. Two field experiments were conducted over a 3-yr period to discern (1) the time intervals between incorporation of a rye, Secale cereale L., cover crop and the percentage of muskmelon, Cucumis melo , var. Superstar, transplants killed by seedcorn maggot and (2) the soil temperature that seedcorn maggot injury was not detectable. The 1st objective was accomplished by incorporating a rye cover crop into the soil 2, 1, and 0 wk before muskmelon transplants were set in the field. The 2nd objective was accomplished by transplanting muskmelon seedlings at 4 weekly intervals in 1994 and 1995 and 11 intervals (2–4 d) in 1996. Incorporation intervals did not influence seedcorn maggot injury. In 1994, no plants were killed with any incorporation time, whereas in 1995, a60% of plants in each of the 3 incorporation intervals were killed by seedcorn maggot. Soil temperature proved to be a better indicator of damage potential, as demonstrated in the 2nd trial. When soil temperatures were below 18°C, 30–60% of transplants were killed. However, when soil temperatures were above 21°C, <3% of plants were killed. Soil temperature under black plastic mulch appears to be the most important factor in determining if seedcorn maggots will damage early season muskmelon transplants.
Post–10 Ma uplift and exhumation of the northern Coast Mountains, British Columbia

Apatite (U-Th)/He ages reveal three distinct periods in the exhumation history of the northern Coast Mountains (∼54°N). A well-developed helium partial retention zone indicates little or no exhumation between ca. 30 and 10 Ma. Beginning at 10 Ma and extending to at least 4 Ma the range underwent steady but slow exhumation of ∼0.22 mm/yr, after which the exhumation rate increased by at least 70%. An 85-km-long He age traverse across the orogen at sea level shows that vertical offsets on post-10 Ma faults are minor. Furthermore, the sea-level He ages (14–2.8 Ma) inversely correlate with local mean elevation along the traverse. These data suggest that the Coast Mountains first appeared as a significant topographic feature only within the past few million years. This history is not consistent with suggestions that uplift of the range resulted from formation of the Queen Charlotte basin in early-middle Miocene time. We speculate that intense erosion by alpine and continental glaciation after 2.5 Ma triggered isostatic uplift and creation of the modern topography of the Coast Mountains.
Vascular insulin resistance: A potential link between cardiovascular and metabolic diseases

The physiologic actions of insulin in the vasculature serve to couple regulation of metabolic and hemodynamic homeostasis. Insulin activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway promotes glucose uptake in insulin-responsive tissues and nitric oxide (NO) production in the endothelium. NO induces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation and vascular smooth muscle cell growth. In contrast, insulin activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) leads to vasoconstriction and pathologic vascular cellular growth. In states of insulin resistance, insulin activation of PI3K is selectively impaired, whereas the MAPK pathway is spared and activated normally. In the endothelium, selective impairment of insulin-mediated NO production may contribute to the development of hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, atherogenesis, and insulin resistance. This article reviews experimental and clinical data elucidating the physiologic and pathophysiologic role of insulin in the vasculature and the mechanisms contributing to the development of vascular and metabolic diseases.
Clinically occult inflammatory carcinoma of the breast.

Four women with no clinical evidence that their breast cancers were inflammatory carcinoma were found to have tumor in the dermal lymphatics on histologic examination. All four followed the progressive course characteristic of inflammatory carcinoma. The term „clinically occult inflammatory carcinoma” is proposed for this presentation of this tumor. This small series supports the argument that inflammatory carcinoma is a histologic rather than clinical diagnosis.
Solute focusing in supercritical fluid chromatography

Solute focusing is an important topic in chromatography, but it has not been discussed extensively in the recent supercritical fluid chromatography literature. The purpose of this paper is to review the different methods that have been used to focus solutes in supercritical fluid chromatography. The theoretical basis for phase ratio and partition coefficient focusing is described. Different solute focusing devices that are used in on-line supercritical fluid extraction and chromatography are shown. The methods and principles of removing the solvent from the solutes prior to the analytical column, and hence reducing band broadening in the column due to the solvent, are discussed in context with the use of a retention gap or a mixing chamber, and in solvent vent injection.
Heavy metal concentrations in soils and crops of Baoshan-Wusong area, Shanghai, China.

Summary Sampling around the Baoshan-Wusong area indicated that concentrations of heavy metals in soils were higher than the background levels of agricultural soils of Shanghai-suburbs. Statistical test showed Zn, Cd, Cr, Hg, F, and Pb contaminants were present in the surface soils, and high correlation coefficients were identified between the soluble fraction of those contaminants in soils and their concentrations in wheat grains and leaves. To characterize its spatial variation, the fuzzy pattern recognition was introduced to assess comprehensively polluted conditions at sites, and logarithm regression was used to identify the main polluted source. Results showed that soil pollution occurred predominantly around the industrial complex, covering about 20 sq.km but was not widespread. This finding plus other statistical data revealed that the high level of metal concentrations were primarily due to industrial activities but not from soil parent materials and farming practices. The metal concentrations decreased with the increasing distance away from the complex along the southeast direction.
Associating models and mixing rules in equations of state for water/hydrocarbon mixtures

Abstract Equations of state (EoS) for associating fluids calculate explicitly the effect of hydrogen bonding by using chemical theory, perturbation theory or quasi-chemical theory. In all cases, the number of hydrogen bonding sites per molecule is an input parameter to the model. Specifically for water, two-, three- or four-site models have been used in the past by different investigators. In this work, the associated-perturbed-anisotropic-chain-theory (APACT) and the statistical-associating-fluid-theory (SAFT) are applied to predict the phase equilibrium of water/hydrocarbon mixtures, with emphasis on liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE). The accuracy of the different models to describe association in water is investigated. Different mixing rules are examined for SAFT. The original mixing rules proposed based on the van der Waals one-fluid theory work well for vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) predictions, but not for water/hydrocarbon LLE, which are primarily influenced by the large difference in intermolecular interactions between water and hydrocarbon. For water/hydrocarbon mixtures, the one-fluid theory fails to predict reliably the hydrocarbon solubility because the local composition is very different from the bulk composition. A more realistic mixing rule for these systems is proposed that is based on the asymmetric mixing rule introduced originally for the perturbed-hard-chain-theory (PHCT). This mixing rule is used here for SAFT predictions of water/hydrocarbon LLE resulting in an improvement of the hydrocarbon solubility predictions. Nevertheless, the agreement of all the models investigated with the experimental data is, in general, poor. For comparison, calculations with the Redlich-Kwong-Joffe-Zudkevitch (RKJZ) cubic EoS are also reported.
Pressure and Temperature Conditions and Tectonic Significance of Regional and Ocean-Floor Metamorphism

Abstract Miyashiro, A., 1972. Pressure and temperature conditions and tectonic significance of regional and ocean-floor metamorphism. In: A.R. Ritsema (Editor), The Upper Mantle. Tectonophysics , 13 (1–4): 141–159. A p–t scale of metamorphism based on experimental investigations has been established in the past ten years. The scale suggests that the temperature of regional metamorphism is higher than was formerly considered, that partial melting takes place commonly within a continental-type crust with possible generation of granitic masses and large-scale layering of the crust, and that eclogite is stable in a wide range of conditions in the crust and mantle. High-pressure metamorphism (glaucophanitic metamorphism) represents an unusually low geothermal gradient which can be realized presumably in relation to tectonic descent of relevant geologic masses. Regional metamorphism takes place in orogenic belts on the convergent edges of lithospheric plates, whereas ocean-floor metamorphism takes place beneath mid-oceanic ridges on the divergent edges. In many orogenic belts, petrographically mapped areas have been enlarged with resultant clarification of the regional distribution of p–t conditions in metamorphic belts. It makes a connecting link between mineralogic and petrographic investigations and tectonic interpretations of the belts. Low-pressure metamorphic terranes (with andalusite) are more widespread than medium- and high-pressure ones in the world. A large part of the Precambrian terranes, belonging to the low-pressure type, should represent relatively shallow original depths. Detailed field work and dating indicated that the metamorphic history of many areas was more complex than had formerly been considered. A high-pressure and a low-pressure regional metamorphic belt occur in a pair in many parts of the circum-Pacific regions. The high-pressure belt is claimed to have been formed by the influence of the descent of a lithospheric slab into depths of the upper mantle, whereas the low-pressure belt, being accompanied by granitic and andesitic rocks, is claimed to have formed by the thermal and other effects of materials rising from a Benioff zone. The apparent increase of glaucophane-schist facies rocks with decreasing geologic age may be a result of secular variation in the characteristics of plate movements. It has recently been found that a newly created oceanic crust, except for its thin surface layer, is subjected to ocean-floor metamorphism beneath a mid-oceanic ridge. The metamorphosed crust moves laterally with ocean-floor spreading. The metamorphism demagnetizes the main part of the crust. Related aqueous fluids should transfer heat with resultant increase of heat-flow values on the mid-oceanic ridge.
CO2 plume management in saline reservoir sequestration

Abstract A significant difference between injecting CO 2 into saline aquifers for sequestration and injecting fluids into oil reservoirs or natural gas into aquifer storage reservoirs is the availability and use of other production and injection wells surrounding the primary injection well(s). Of major concern for CO 2 sequestration using a single well is the distribution of pressure and CO 2 saturation within the injection zone. Pressure is of concern with regards to caprock integrity and potential migration of brine or CO 2 outside of the injection zone, while CO 2 saturation is of interest for storage rights and displacement efficiency. For oil reservoirs, the presence of additional wells is intended to maximize oil recovery by injecting CO 2 into the same hydraulic flow units from which the producing wells are withdrawing fluids. Completing injectors and producers in the same flow unit increases CO 2 throughput, maximizes oil displacement efficiency, and controls pressure buildup. Additional injectors may surround the CO 2 injection well and oil production wells in order to provide external pressure to these wells to prevent the injected CO 2 from migrating from the pattern between two of the producing wells. Natural gas storage practices are similar in that to reduce the amount of “cushion” gas and increase the amount of cycled or working gas, edge wells may be used for withdrawal of gas and center wells used for gas injection. This reduces loss of gas to the formation via residual trapping far from the injection well. Moreover, this maximizes the natural gas storage efficiency between the injection and production wells and reduces the areal extent of the natural gas plume. Proposed U.S. EPA regulations include monitoring pressure and suggest the “plume” may be defined by pressure in addition to the CO 2 saturated area. For pressure monitoring, it seems that this can only be accomplished by injection zone monitoring wells. For pressure, these wells would not need to be very close to the injection well, compared to monitoring wells intended to measure CO 2 saturation via fluid sampling or cased-hole well logs. If pressure monitoring wells become mandated, these wells could be used for managing the CO 2 saturation and aquifer pressure distribution. To understand the relevance and effectiveness of producing and injecting brine to improve storage efficiency, direct the plume to specific pore space, and redistribute the pressure, numerical models of CO 2 injection into aquifers are used. Simulated cases include various aquifer properties at a single well site and varying the number and location of surrounding wells for plume management. Strategies in terms of completion intervals can be developed to effectively contact more vertical pore space in relatively thicker geologic formations. Inter-site plume management (or cooperative) wells for the purpose of pressure monitoring and plume management may become the responsibility of a consortium of operators or a government entity, not individual sequestration site operators.
O (n) Heisenberg model with long-range interactions

The $O(n)$ Heisenberg model in $d$ dimensions with long-range interactions ${r}^{\ensuremath{-}d\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\sigma}}$ is studied near $d=n=\ensuremath{\sigma}=1$ and $d=n=\ensuremath{\sigma}=2$. Renormalization-group (RG) equations are constructed by making minimal assumptions of analyticity and requiring that known results be reproduced for particular limiting cases. The fixed points of these RG equations are determined, and the existence of boundaries in the $n\ensuremath{-}d\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\sigma}$ space, across which the fixed points collide and exchange stabilities, is demonstrated. The physical characteristics of the various regions are discussed.
Compiling APL for parallel execution on an FFP machine

This paper investigates the features of an APL compiler designed for a cellular computer (the FFP machine). This machine directly executes Formal Functional Programming (FFP) code. The APL compiler generates parallel FFP code. Techniques for parallel implementation of many APL array processing operators and functions are described. The implicit parallelism between different operations in a given APL program is also exploited. The FFP machine can accommodate the almost unbounded parallelism of FFP programs. Execution time analysis shows potential for highly efficient execution of APL programs on this machine.
Challenges and opportunities of Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans with disabilities transitioning into learning and workplace environments

As American communities welcome home U.S. troops from Iraq and Afghanistan, it is important to understand the unique set of circumstances for military personnel who served in these Middle Eastern regions. Differences in deployment, the type of injuries sustained, and the mixture of personnel continue to affect transitions from military service and reintegration into civilian life.
Topology controlled supramolecular self-assembly of octa triphenylene-substituted polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane hybrid supermolecules.

A series of liquid crystalline star supermolecules with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) as the central scaffold and eight triphenylenes (Tp) as the peripheral arms were synthesized via amidization reactions. The supermolecules were denoted as POSS(Tp)8. Six POSS(Tp)8 samples were prepared with two alkyl chain lengths in the Tp (C5 and C12) and three spacer lengths (C2, C6, and C10) between the POSS core and the Tp arms. Three samples with C5-Tp were amorphous because of too short alkyl chains in the Tp, while the other three samples with C12-Tp self-assembled into hierarchical liquid crystalline mesophases, as studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). When the spacer length was C2, a column-within-column super hexagonal columnar phase was observed, because the POSS core and the Tp arms were intimately coupled together. With increasing the spacer length to C6 and C10, respectively, the POSS core and Tp arms became gradually decoupled. Alternating POSS-Tp lam...