cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Where Is My Parking Spot? Online and Offline Prediction of Time-Varying Parking Occupancy

Parking occupancy information is central to the management of parking and traffic demand. This study proposed efficient unsupervised learning algorithms to predict parking occupancy rates. Two types of predictions were studied: (a) an offline prediction, in which next-day occupancy was predicted by using historical data along with various features (day of week, weather, seasonality), and (b) an online prediction, in which occupancy of future hours of the current day was predicted with both historical and real-time data. The two models can be applied to both off-street and on-street parking. Two data sources were used: parking payment kiosks for a visitors’ parking garage and newly deployed real-time spot-by-spot parking sensors for a commuter garage. It was found that, with a proper set of features, the offline method could successfully distinguish different flow patterns, congested or underused, with intensive or mild arrival and departure rates. The offline procedure significantly outperformed both the ...
ANALYSIS OF EFFECT OF SILVER NANOPARTICLE AQUEOUS SOLUTION ON THE COAT PROTEIN OF BACTERIOPHAGE MS2

Objective To investigate the effect of silver nanoparticle(Ag-NPs) aqueous solution on the coat protein of bacteriophage MS2,in order to know the mechanism of metal ion nanoparitcle disinfectants in inactivation of bacteriophage MS2.Methods The method of SDS-PAGE was used to detect the existent status of the coat protein of bacterophage MS2 after exposure to Ag-NPs disinfectant.Results After exposure to 400 mg/L Ag-NPs for 10 min,the average inactivation rate of bacteriophage MS2was 99.9% and its coat protein band tended to disappear;while exposure for 40 min,the inactivation rate was 100% and the band completely disappeared.Conclusions The disinfectant silver nanoparticle aqueous solution could destroy the coat protein of bacteriophage MS2,so it is considered that Ag-NPs aqueous disinfectant can effectively inactivate bacteriophage MS2.
Kinchart-sociograms as a method for describing the social networks of drug-using women.

The overall increase in the rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among women in the United States has been attributed to increases in rates of infection in east coast, inner-city African-American and Latino communities where there are heavy concentrations of injection drug use and high levels of inner-city poverty (Landesman 1989; Chu et al. 1990). In New York City, almost 80 percent of pediatric cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are children of mothers who use drugs or are the sexual partners of men who use drugs (New York City Department of Health 1990).
Inlet Trade Study for a Low-Boom Aircraft Demonstrator

Propulsion integration for low-boom supersonic aircraft requires careful inlet selection, placement, and tailoring to achieve acceptable propulsive and aerodynamic performance, without compromising vehicle sonic boom loudness levels. In this investigation, an inward-turning streamline-traced and axisymmetric spike inlet are designed and independently installed on a conceptual low-boom supersonic demonstrator aircraft. The airframe was pre-shaped to achieve a target ground under-track loudness of 76.4 PLdB at cruise using an adjoint-based design optimization process. Aircraft and inlet performance characteristics were obtained by solution of the steady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Isolated cruise inlet performance including total pressure recovery and distortion were computed and compared against installed inlet performance metrics. Evaluation of vehicle near-field pressure signatures, along with under- and off-track propagated loudness levels is also reported. Results indicate the integrated axisymmetric spike design offers higher inlet pressure recovery, lower fan distortion, and reduced sonic boom. The vehicle with streamline-traced inlet exhibits lower external wave drag, which translates to a higher lift-to-drag ratio and increased range capability.
Introduction of the Neuropsychology Review Board of Editors: 2011–2013

In assuming the role of editor-in-chief of Neuropsychology Review and introducing the theme of putting the “neuro” back into neuropsychology, I had the privilege of appointing a new slate of Associate Editors. These four editors— Ida Sue Baron, William Barr, Rosemary Fama, Susan Tapert—represent diverse areas of our discipline and thus contribute invaluably to editorial decisions, including choice of reviewers. Each serves as an essential “extender” of and consultant to me. Also in keeping with the new theme comes a change in the membership of the Editorial Board, which I am now announcing with this issue of the journal. It took three full years to consider the new complexion of the board, with intensive input from my four Associate Editors. After achieving concurrence amongst the five of us on the list of scientists to retire (n=31), retain (N=16), and newly invite (N=20), I wrote letters to each person. Now, I present to the Neuropsychology Review readership the editorial board members for December 2011 to December 2013, the remaining years of my tour of duty. The list includes only invitees who responded affirmatively to my invitation. As I expressed in my letters to the prior and new editorial board members, the goal in changing the board was to keep within the current scope and aims of the journal and to open editorial opportunities to the new generation of neuropsychologists and neuroscientists. Supplanting the old with the new is difficult, hurtful to some, and potentially “politically incorrect.” Herein I apologize to those who feel slighted by the change. Equally, I extend my thanks to those retirees who responded positively to this chance for change. Indeed, I thank all of the retiring editorial board members for their years of service under my direction and for the many more years of review and consultation under the editorships of my predecessors, Gerald Goldstein, Anthony Puente, and Ronald Lazar.
Sample Size Determination for Survival Studies

Deciding how many subjects to include in a randomized clinical trial is a key component of its design. In the classical hypothesis testing framework, for any type of outcome, one must specify the effect change one is aiming for, the inherent variability in the test statistic, the significance level of the test, and the desired power of the test to detect the effect change. In survival analysis, there are additional factors that one must specify regarding the censoring mechanism and the particular survival distributions in the null and alternative hypotheses. First, one needs either to specify what parametric survival model one is using, or that the test will be semi-parametric, e.g., the log-rank test. This allows for determining the number of deaths (or events) required to meet the power and other design specifications. Second, one must, for administrative reasons, provide an estimate of the number of patients that need to be entered into the trial to produce the required number of deaths. We shall assume that the clinical trial is run as described in Chap. 1, where patients enter a trial over a certain accrual period of length a, and then followed for an additional period of time f known as the follow-up time. Patients still alive at the end of follow-up are censored. We will describe sample size methods for single arm clinical trials and then for two arm clinical trials.
Distributed tomography with adaptive mesh refinement in sensor networks

Existing seismic instrumentation systems do not yet have the capability to recover the physical dynamics with sufficient resolution in real time. Currently, seismologists use centralised tomography inversion algorithm, which requires manual data gathering from each station and months to generate tomography. To address these issues a distributed approach is required which can avoid data collection from large number of sensors and perform in-network imaging to real-time tomography. In this paper, we present a distributed adaptive mesh refinement AMR solution to invert seismic tomography over large dense network, which avoids centralised computation and expensive data collection. Our approach first discretises the data and filters them using adaptive mesh to make it well-conditioned. The system is implemented and evaluated using a CORE emulator and we show that the filtered well-conditioned system has lower dimension and improved convergence rate than the original system, thereby decreasing the communication overhead over the network.
Exploiting Bioprocessing Fluctuations to Elicit the Mechanistics of De Novo Lipogenesis in Yarrowia lipolytica

Despite substantial achievements in elucidating the metabolic pathways of lipogenesis, a mechanistic representation of lipid accumulation and degradation has not been fully attained to-date. Recent evidence suggests that lipid accumulation can occur through increases of either the cytosolic copy-number of lipid droplets (LDs), or the LDs size. However, the prevailing phenotype, or how such mechanisms pertain to lipid degradation remain poorly understood. To address this shortcoming, we employed the-recently discovered-innate bioprocessing fluctuations in Yarrowia lipolytica, and performed single-cell fluctuation analysis using optical microscopy and microfluidics that generate a quasi-time invariant microenvironment. We report that lipid accumulation at early stationary phase in rich medium is substantially more likely to occur through variations in the LDs copy-number, rather than the LDs size. Critically, these mechanistics are also preserved during lipid degradation, as well as upon exposure to a protein translation inhibitor. The latter condition additionally induced a lipid accumulation phase, accompanied by the downregulation of lipid catabolism. Our results enable an in-depth mechanistic understanding of lipid biogenesis, and expand longitudinal single-cell fluctuation analyses from gene regulation to metabolism.
Dr. Rous’s Prize-Winning Chicken

One hundred years ago today, Peyton Rous published the first in a series of papers describing experiments that began with work on a sarcoma from a single Plymouth Rock hen. In that initial paper, Rous showed that bits of the tumor could establish new tumors when injected into healthy chickens. A year later, in 1911, Rous published what has become a classic in the annals of virology—A Sarcoma of the Fowl Transmissible by an Agent Separable from the Tumor Cells—reporting that the tumors were transmissible from one chicken to another by injection of a cell-free, filtered homogenate of the tumor tissue. The conclusion, since confirmed a thousand times over, was that a virus caused the tumors. The virus, now known as Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), went on to play a starring role in twentieth century biomedical research.
The 2016 North Atlantic hurricane season: A season of extremes

The 2016 North Atlantic hurricane season had an early start with a rare and powerful storm for January impacting the Azores at hurricane force. Likewise, the end of season heralded Otto which was record breaking in location and intensity being a high-end Category 2 storm at landfall over southern central America in late November. We show that high precipitable water, positive relative vorticity, and low sea level pressure allowed for conducive conditions. During the season, few storms occurred in the main development region. While some environmental conditions were conducive for formation there (such as precipitable water, relative vorticity, and shear), the midlevel relative humidity was too low there for most of the season, presenting very dry conditions in that level of the atmosphere. We further find that the October peak in the accumulated cyclone energy was related to environmentally conducive conditions with positive relative humidity, precipitable water, relative humidity, and low values of sea level pressure. Overall 2016 was notable for a series of extremes, some rarely, and a few never before observed in the Atlantic basin, a potential harbinger of seasons to come in the face of ongoing global climate change.
Aerodynamic design of integrated propulsion–airframe configuration of a hybrid wing body aircraft

A hybrid wing body (HWB) concept is being considered by NASA as a potential subsonic transport aircraft that meets aerodynamic, fuel, emission, and noise goals in the time frame beyond 2035. While the concept promises advantages over a conventional wing-and-tube aircraft, it poses unknowns and risks, thus requiring in-depth and broad assessments. Specifically, the configuration entails a tight integration of the airframe and propulsion geometries; the aerodynamic impact has to be carefully evaluated. With the propulsion nacelle installed on the (upper) body, the lift and drag are affected by the mutual interference effects between the airframe and nacelle. The static margin for longitudinal stability is also adversely changed. In the present paper, a design approach is developed in which the integrated geometries of airframe (HWB) and propulsion are accounted for simultaneously in a simple algebraic manner, via parameterization of the planform and airfoils at the design sections of the wing body. This paper presents a design of a 300-passenger aircraft that employs distributed electric fans for the propulsion. The trim condition for stability is achieved through the use of the wing tip twist angle. The geometric shape variables are determined through the adjoint optimization method by minimizing the drag while subjecting them to lift, pitching moment, and geometry constraints. An Euler model-based aerodynamic shape optimization is employed to save the design cost for the evaluation of the static margin and longitudinal stability, while the performance of the optimized configuration is evaluated by the RANS model coupled with a drag decomposition method to assess the true aerodynamic performance. The design results clearly show the influence on the aerodynamic characteristics of the installed nacelle and trimming for stability. A drag minimization with the trim constraint yields a reduction of 10 counts in the drag coefficient from the baseline design N3-X configuration, which is comparable with 2000 lbs more payload on a conventional subsonic civil transport airplane.
The optimal treatment of metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer: abiraterone acetate or docetaxel?

Aim To determine whether abiraterone acetate or docetaxel should be regarded as the current standard of care for metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer (mHNPC). Methods & materials A network meta-analysis (NMA) using the frequentist approach and generalized pairwise modeling was computed. Results The results of this NMA favored abiraterone acetate over docetaxel-based regimens (hazard ratio: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64-0.99) in patients with mHNPC. The results also suggest a reconsideration of the role of prednisone in view of the absence of a survival benefit (hazard ratio: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.59-1.65) with its use. Conclusion Despite the paucity of direct comparative evidence, the results of this NMA favor the use of abiraterone acetate in the first-line treatment of mHNPC.
Comparative Analysis of Geriatric and Adult Drug Clinical Trials on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Clinical trials generate gold standard medical evidence, but are often criticized for the lack of population representativeness. We performed a comparative meta-analysis of drug trials that focus on older adults (>= 65 years old) and adults (18-64 years old). The major finding is that a higher percentage of geriatric drug trials were terminated or withdrawn than that of adult drug trials.
A transition state "trapped"? QM-cluster models of engineered threonyl-tRNA synthetase.

In a recent study [Science, 2015, 347, 6224], protein engineering was used to design a core within the enzyme threonyl-tRNA synthetase (ThrRS) capable of stabilizing the coplanar transition state conformation of an inserted noncanonical p-biphenylalanine (BiPhe) residue. Using the X-ray crystal structures of the preliminary (Protein Data Bank entries 4S02, 4S0J, 4S0L, 4S0I, and 4S0K) and final (PDB entry 4S03) ThrRS proteins, fully quantum mechanical (QM) cluster models were constructed and analyzed. Density functional theory and molecular dynamics computations were performed to investigate the energetic profiles of BiPhe dihedral rotation within the ThrRS models. For the 4S03 model, results indicate that steric and hydrophobic forces of the residues surrounding BiPhe eliminate the coplanar transition state entirely. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out that confirmed the extent of BiPhe rotational flexibility, and provided additional information on barrier heights of full BiPhe rotation. Transition states of near-coplanar biphenyl rings of BiPhe were found for the 4S0I and 4S0K models, but are not likely persistent on any observable timescale. The dihedral angle of the biphenyl moiety is thermally allowed to fluctuate within the ThrRS protein core models by a range of 17°–26°. BiPhe–residue interaction counts (RICs) were used to compare the interaction differences among the different ThrRS cores. The RICs demonstrate how BiPhe is compacted within the 4S03 core, resulting in the experimentally observed “trapped” coplanar transition state analogue. This work presents a unique application of QM-cluster models towards studying the inner workings of proteins, and suggests avenues that computational chemistry can be used to further guide bioengineering.
Rehabilitating Aquatic Ecosystems in Developed Areas

Efforts to restore watershed and aquatic ecosystem processes in urban areas are constrained by municipal infrastructure: bridges, dams, roads, buildings, and stormwater and sewage treatment systems (Carpenter et al. 2003; Booth 2005; Bernhardt and Palmer 2007). Consequently, rivers, streams, and estuaries in developed areas cannot be fully restored to unimpaired conditions, but in some cases can be rehabilitated to support salmonid populations. Therefore, the terms rehabilitation and enhancement are preferred over restoration when referring to improving environmental conditions in developed areas (Box 13.1; mitigation is addressed in Chap. 15). The general goals of watershed rehabilitation actions are to improve ecosystem processes so that they promote and sustain habitat connectivity, riparian vegetation, water quality, and streamflow regimes (Roni et al. 2002; Beechie et al. 2008). Enhancement approaches are used as short-term, stream-reach measures that often provide only temporary local benefits to aquatic ecosystems until self-sustaining, habitat-forming processes have been rehabilitated. Most rehabilitation and enhancement techniques (e.g., floodplain reconnection, meander construction, fish passage improvement) are implemented throughout the landscape and are not unique to urban areas but may need to be modified for these areas to account for infrastructural, social, or regulatory constraints.
DISCO2: a comprehensive peak alignment algorithm for two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry

A novel two-stage peak alignment algorithm, DISCO2, was developed for analysis of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) data. This algorithm uses a mixture similarity measure to determine whether two peaks were generated by the same type of compound in different experiments. In the first stage, the algorithm detects and merges multiple peak entries of the same compound into one peak entry in each input peak list. Landmark peaks are selected from all samples based on two-dimensional retention times and mass spectral similarity. In the second stage, the original retention time shifts in the two-dimensional GC are corrected using a local linear fitting method. A progressive retention time mapping method is then employed to align peaks in all samples based on the parameters optimized in the first alignment stage.
Relatedness in gaming: How in-game touch influences player connection:

As the number of individuals becoming gamers continues to increase, using video games as a medium to understand the social interactions and underlying motivations of players becomes ever so importa...
Metalation and Methyl Group Migration in 21-, 22-, and 23-Methylcarbaporphyrins: Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium(II), Rhodium(I), and Rhodium(III) Derivatives

A rational synthesis of 23-methylcarbaporphyrin has been developed. 3,4-Diethyl-1-methylpyrrole reacted with acetoxymethylpyrrole under acidic conditions to give N-methyltripyrrane, and following cleavage of the ester protective groups, the tripyrrolic intermediate condensed with an indene dialdehyde in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid to afford the required N-methylcarbaporphyrin. Reaction with palladium(II) acetate in refluxing acetonitrile for short time periods gave a 23-methyl palladium(II) complex but prolonged reaction times afforded a rearranged 21-methyl product. The 23-methyl complex can be isolated but gradually converts into the 21-methyl derivative even in the solid state. 21-Methyl- and 22-methylcarbaporphyrins reacted with [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 to give rhodium(I) complexes. However, when the 23-methylcarbaporphyrin was reacted under the same conditions, a rhodium(III) derivative was isolated. This complex incorporates a bridging methylene unit between the Rh(III) and the 21-carbon and must there...
Use of Rapeseed Meal to Control Black Vine Weevil Larvae Infesting Potted Rhododendron

Abstract Defatted rapeseed meal (RSM) from Brassica napus L. was applied as a mulch to potted rhododendron and strawberry (companion plants) infested with black vine weevil larvae to evaluate its potential as a natural soil fumigant. In the first year of study, three potting media (Sunshine® mix #1, 9:1 bark:sand, and 1:1 bark:peat [by vol]) were tested for their effects on larval survival. In the second year, 0, 50, 100, or 200 g (0, 1.8, 3.5, or 7 oz) of RSM were added to potted plants of rhododendron cv. ‘Ignatius Sargent’ grown in 1:1 bark:peat media in #1 (3-liter) containers. Meal was added approximately 16 weeks after planting rhododendron and strawberry plants. In the first study potting media type was found to have a significant effect on insecticidal activity of the meal resulting in a higher rate of larvae surviving in pots with Sunshine® mix than those with custom mixes of bark and sand or bark and peat. In the second study the highest rate of RSM, 200 g (7 oz)/l gal pot, reduced larval surviv...
Deliberate self-injury. Management in a psychiatric setting.

Self-injury is a significant clinical problem of psychiatric patients, although the prevalence of self-injury in specific disorders is unclear. Nurses can assess and intervene in the psychological causes and behavioral sequelae self-injury. Each patient's early history, dynamics, and motives for self-injury require evaluation. Behavioral techniques (eg, reinforcement) and psychodynamic techniques, such as exploring feelings and anxiety, can help patients understand their self-destructive tendencies. Patients can learn to anticipate anxiety-provoking situations, plan strategies to manage anxiety, cope with feelings, and reduce self-injury. Language: en
Verifying of LTE Received Power Measurements in an Android App

Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurements are constantly used to ensure quality of service and verify coverage in Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular networks. To achieve these tasks, it is essential that RSRP measurements are repeatable and reliable. This paper presents an investigation into repeatability conducted on a series of RSRP measurements in the LTE 739 MHz frequency band. Two different drive-test systems were used to obtain the measurements, Phone- based system using an Android App and Scanner-based system. Data obtained from the test is analyzed using statistical tools and the extent of the RSRP measurement repeatability is determined. This comparison will validate the accuracy of the phone-based system as well as characterize its capability and quality as an alternative test drive system.
Teachers’ Views About Models and Modeling Competence Towards Developing Scientific Literacy in Young People

Many science educators view models and modeling as central to science and to the teaching of science. Overall learning outcomes of contemporary science teaching in the United States include supporting children in engaging in inquiry, modeling, and complex reasoning, which will contribute to future critical thinkers in the twenty-first century. This chapter will propose levels of competence in modeling by students in classrooms and of teachers, and highlight the importance of teachers helping students gain competency in building and using models. Epistemological views will be considered. Three main areas will be addressed: (1) Value of models and modeling competence for teaching and learning science. An important goal of teaching science in K-12 classrooms is for young people to learn about the concepts and principles and themes of science and one way of achieving this goal is for children to gain understanding of the modeling process (how to reason and use logic through inquiry). (2) Description of levels of competence development by integration of epistemological views. For a scientist, creating one or more models helps to develop better understanding of a phenomenon in nature (target) by simplifying the complex phenomenon that then can be tested, to better understand the target. A goal of school science is to develop in children the kinds of thinking aligned with that of scientists. In this chapter a problematizing stance is taken related to student and teacher competences. (3) Teachers’ views about scientific modeling in school classrooms, previous research indicates teachers themselves may likely have limited experiences with scientific modeling through their traditional teacher preparation programs.
The Influence of Discrimination and Coping Style on Blood Pressure Among Black/African American Women in the InterGEN Study.

Purpose: Although research has explored the effects of racism on mental health, few studies have investigated the effects of racism on physical health. In this study, we examined the influence of r...
Colorectal Cancer Screening Patient Navigation for Patients with Mental Illness and/or Substance Use Disorder: Pilot Randomized Control Trial.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the US. Screening has decreased CRC mortality. However, disadvantaged patients, particularly those with mental illness or subs...
The Case for ‘Contributory Ethics’: Or How to Think about Individual Morality in a Time of Global Problems

Many of us believe that we can and do have individual obligations to refrain from contributing to massive collective harms – say, from producing luxury greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; however, our ...
Framing Legislation Banning the 'Gay and Trans Panic' Defenses

This Article, prepared for the University of Richmond Law Review symposium commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of the Stonewall Riots of 1969, uses the Stonewall Riots as an opportunity to analyze and theorize the political dimensions of legislation banning the gay and trans panic defenses. As a moment of resistance to state violence against LGBTQ people, the Stonewall Riots are a useful platform to examine the historical and current relationship between the state and the gay and trans panic defenses. Drawing on original readings of medical literature, this Article brings the historical role of the state in the growth of gay and trans panic to the surface and discusses how gay and trans panic ideas blur the distinction between state and private violence. The analysis further discusses due process critiques of legislation banning the gay and trans panic defenses as well as the debate over whether these legislative bans effectively combat anti-LGBTQ juror biases.
Exploring data-driven modeling and analysis of nonlinear pathological tremors

Abstract In this paper, we study various data-driven approaches to modeling periodic and quasiperiodic synthetic tremor signals. The investigation is a preliminary step towards modeling real pathological tremors. We first observe the experimental Parkinsonian tremor motion data in terms of periodicity and spectral properties, which suggests that tremor dynamics are nonlinear. The data-driven modeling is then carried out by embedding tremor signals in their nonlinear time-delay dimensions. The signals are first modeled with the model-free approach via long short-term memory recurrent neural network. Then we employ, for the first time, the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) and its extended nonlinear version (EDMD) based on Koopman spectral analysis to model tremor time series. Compared to existing algorithms that are only effective in short-term tremor predictions, the proposed models excel in long-term predictions of periodic and quasiperiodic synthetic tremor signals. We quantitatively compare a variety of DMD/EDMD methods under different signal and modeling conditions. Our results show that by including nonlinear observation terms, EDMD can obtain better models with fewer delay embedding dimensions. We then investigate the optimal EDMD that promotes robustness and sparsity in the modeling process. We also demonstrate that EDMD models can provide dynamical information pertaining to the system underlying the modeled time series. Finally, we observe that while EDMD is limited in modeling experimental tremor signals with non-periodic features, it is still capable of approximating the spectral content of the modeled time series.
A Humanistic Ontology for Responsible Management Learning

Why has responsible management been so difficult and why is the chorus of stakeholders demanding such responsibility getting louder? We argue that management learning has been framed within the structural confines of corporate governance. Corporate governance in turn has been developed within the frame of agency theory (Blair 1995; Eisenhardt 1989). Agency theory in turn is based on ontological assumptions that do not provide for responsible actions on behalf of management (Jensen 2001; Jensen and Meckling 1976; Jensen and Meckling 1994). As such, we argue that managers need to be aware of the paradigmatic frame of the dominant economistic ontology and learn to transcend it. We also argue that for true managerial responsibility, an alternative humanistic ontology is more fit for purpose. This humanistic ontology integrates the latest insights from evolutionists suggesting that humans only survived by being responsible. This understanding has consequences for leadership practices, business strategy, as well as corporate governance (Pirson 2017; Pirson and Lawrence 2010). We argue that managerial learning within a humanistic paradigm is more likely to lead to ethical and sustainable business conduct.
Military Background and Gender Identity in Psychological Assessment Among College Students: Factorial Invariance of the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms-62 (CCAPS-62).

The purpose of this study was to examine the factorial invariance of the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms–62 (CCAPS-62) across military background and gender identity. A sampl...
The effect of soil thermal conductivity and cable ampacity on the thermal performance and material costs of underground transmission line

Abstract This paper presents an optimisation of material costs of a 400 kV cable line arranged in a flat formation for different values of soil thermal conductivity and cable ampacity. The Finite Element Method is adopted to calculate the temperature field within the cable system. The Particle Swarm Optimisation method is used to minimise the material costs of the cable system. To ensure safe and reliable operation of the cable line, the temperature of the cable core should be lower than 90 °C. Under this assumption, the design optimisation is performed to calculate the optimum size of cable bedding cross-sectional area and select the nominal cable conductor area correctly. An application of two commonly used cable backfill materials is studied: Fluidized Thermal Backfill and Sand-Cement Mix. The calculations are performed for current rating varied from 1,000 A to 1,400 A, and thermal conductivity of soil varied from 0.6 W/(m × K) to 1 W/(m × K). The results showed that for a low soil thermal conductivity, i.e. 0.7 W/(m K), it is possible to reduce the overall material cost of the system (cables cost and thermal backfill material cost) when applying Fluidized Thermal Backfill (FTB) instead of commonly used Sand-Cement Mix. The reason is that FTB application allows reducing the cross-sectional area of power cables, which cost has a major effect on the overall material cost of the underground transmission line.
Using the tumor microenvironment to identify predictors of immunotoxicity to checkpoint inhibitors.

2545Background: While Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the field of oncology, the benefits have come at the cost of serious side effects known as immune-related adverse events...
Measuring Nd(III) Solution Concentration in the Presence of Interfering Er(III) and Cu(II) Ions: A Partial Least Squares Analysis of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectra.

Optical spectroscopy is a powerful characterization tool with applications ranging from fundamental studies to real-time process monitoring. However, it can be difficult to apply to complex samples...
Hospital Discharge: An Opportune Time for Antimicrobial Stewardship

Background:Approximately 30% of antimicrobials prescribed in the outpatient setting are unnecessary and up to 50% are inappropriate. Despite this, antimicrobial stewardship (AS) efforts mostly focu...
The TAMI Trials

The 1980s witnessed a revolution in the management of acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients as first intracoronary thrombolytic therapy was shown to effectively open occluded arteries (1). Soon thereafter, intravenous thrombolytic therapy was convincingly demonstrated to improve early post infarction mortality (2,3). The Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction (TAMI) study group was born from a collaborative friendship of investigators training together in medicine and cardiology, combined with the longstanding expertise of the Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Disease in collecting and analyzing clinical outcome data pertaining to coronary artery disease (4). From this foundation, the TAMI study group was formed in November 1985 in order to investigate new approaches, both pharmacologic and mechanical for the treatment of MI. The original TAMI study group consisted of investigators at Duke University, the University of Michigan, Riverside Methodist Hospital (Columbus, Ohio), Christ Hospital (Cincinnati, Ohio) and William Beaumont Hospital (Royal Oaks, Michigan). To date, nine multicenter collaborative MI studies have been completed under the auspices of the TAMI study group (5–13) (Table 1 ). A number of other trials involving acute myocardial infarction or interventional cardiology have been performed by this core group as well, but in this chapter we will focus on the results of the original nine TAMI trials.
Value of Temperature-Activated Polymer-Coated Seed in the Northern Corn Belt

The value of an innovative seed technology is estimated in a discrete stochastic programming framework for a representative farm in the northern Corn Belt. Temperature-activated polymer-coated seed has the potential to increase net returns by increasing yields due to early planting and use of longer season varieties, as well as reducing yield loss due to delayed planting. A biophysical simulation model was used to estimate die impact of polymer-coated seed on corn and soybean yields and on field day availability for five planting periods, three crop varieties, and two tillage systems on two different soils under varying weather conditions.
A Reexamination of the Agency Doctrine of Election

The Restatement (Second) of Agency and several states provide that a third party suing an undisclosed principal and his agent must elect to take judgment against one, releasing the other from further liability. In contrast, when the existence of a principal but not his identity is disclosed at the time of agreement, a court may enter judgment against both the partially disclosed principal and his agent, releasing neither until the judgment is satisfied. The authors examine the theories and case law supporting the election doctrine in the light of public policy favoring complete disclosure. The authors conclude that a rule of release upon satisfaction of judgment should be applied to undisclosed principals and their agents. In the context of a partially disclosed principal, however, courts should consider applying a rule of election to encourage full disclosure.
Assessment of zinc status

Plasma zinc concentration has been denigrated as a measure of zinc status because it responds to metabolic conditions unrelated to zinc status and because it is insensitive to changes in dietary zinc. The insensitivity of plasma zinc to reductions in dietary zinc reflects the tremendous capacity of the organism to conserve tissue zinc by reductions in zinc excretion and/or reductions in the rate of growth. Changes in plasma zinc concentrations do not seem to occur until the capacity to reestablish homeostasis by reducing excretion and/or growth has been exceeded. Reductions in dietary zinc beyond the capacity to maintain homeostasis lead to utilization of zinc from a small, rapidly turning over pool. This pool is located, at least in part, in the bone, liver, and plasma. Loss of a small, critical amount of zinc from this pool leads to the rapid onset of both biochemical and clinical signs of zinc deficiency. Thus, plasma zinc is a valid, useful indicator of the size of this exchangeable pool of zinc. Plasma metallothionein concentrations may prove useful for identifying poor zinc status. Plasma metallothionine concentrations reflect hepatic concentrations and, therefore, are reduced when the dietary zinc supply is low. However, since hepatic metallothionein concentrations rise in response to stress, plasma metallothionein concentrations are increased in this state when the plasma zinc concentrations are also likely to be low. Thus, measurement of both plasma metallothionein and plasma zinc concentrations could differentiate a low plasma zinc due to dietary zinc deficiency from a low concentration due to stress, infection, or other metabolic conditions.
New firm formation facing cultural and racial diversity

This paper is intended to examine how regional diversity in terms of cultural and racial diversity affects new firm formation in 10 disaggregated industrial sectors across US counties. Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method is used to estimate the spatial autoregressive regression models. It is suggested that regional diversity positively affects new firm formation, both in its own and neighbouring counties, in selected industries examined. Resumen Este articulo tiene por objeto examinar como la diversidad regional expresada en forma de diversidad cultural y racial afecta a la formacion de nuevas empresas en 10 sectores industriales desagregados en condados de los Estados Unidos. Se utiliza el metodo de Monte Carlo bayesiano basado en cadenas de Markov para estimar los modelos de regresion espaciales autorregresivos. Se sugiere que, en las industrias seleccionadas examinadas, la diversidad regional afecta positivamente a la formacion de nuevas empresas, tanto en el propio condado como en los vecinos.
Cell and Context-Dependent Effects of the Heat Shock Protein DNAJB6 on Neuronal Survival

Previous studies performed in cell lines have shown that the heat shock protein, DNAJB6, protects against the proteotoxic effects of mutant huntingtin (mut-Htt) via direct interaction with mut-Htt. However, these studies were performed primarily using in vitro models and cell lines. We report that when expressed in primary neurons, DNAJB6 induces cell death. Neurotoxicity is observed with both the DNAJB6a isoform, which is strictly nuclear, and the DNAJB6b isoform, which is predominantly cytoplasmic, suggesting that neurotoxicity is mediated in the nucleus. However, when co-expressed in primary neurons with mut-Htt, DNAJB6 protects against mut-Htt neurotoxicity. This suggests that the contrasting effect of DNAJB6 on neuronal viability depends on the presence or absence of proteotoxic stress. Neurotoxicity of DNAJB6 cannot be prevented by inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) but is prevented by pharmacological inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Expression of dominant-negative forms of CDK2 or CDK4, or of p21(CIP1), the physiological inhibitor of CDKs, also inhibits DNAJB6 neurotoxicity. DNAJB6 neurotoxicity can also be inhibited by histone deacetylase-4 (HDAC4), which interacts with DNAJB6 and which has previously been described to inhibit cell cycle progression. These results conclude that neurotoxicity resulting from elevated DNAJB6 is cell cycle dependent.
Canonical forking in AECs

Boney and Grossberg (BG) proved that every nice AEC has an in- dependence relation. We prove that this relation is unique: In any given AEC, there can exist at most one independence relation that satisfies existence, exten- sion, uniqueness and local character. While doing this, we study more generally properties of independence relations for AECs and also prove a canonicity re- sult for Shelah's good frames. The usual tools of first-order logic (like the finite equivalence relation theorem or the type amalgamation theorem in simple theo- ries) are not available in this context. In addition to the loss of the compactness theorem, we have the added difficulty of not being able to assume that types are sets of formulas. We work axiomatically and develop new tools to understand this general framework.
Effect of age on fever and acute-phase response of rats to endotoxin and Salmonella typhimurium

Age-related effects on endogenous pyrogen-mediated febrile and acute-phase responses to endotoxin and Salmonella typhimurium challenge were investigated in young adult and aged Fisher 344 rats. After injection of endotoxin, the febrile response over 6 h and the fall in plasma iron and zinc after 6 h were determined in 14 young adult and 14 aged rats in their thermoneutral zone (26 degrees C) and in 14 young adult and 14 aged rats maintained in a cold environment (15 degrees C). Although at 26 degrees C aged rats showed only a slightly diminished febrile response compared with that of young adult rats, at 15 degrees C they had a markedly diminished febrile response compared with that of young adult rats. At both 26 and 15 degrees C, the injection of endotoxin led to a fall in iron and zinc concentrations in the plasma of both young adult and aged rats. The intact trace metal response diminished but febrile response suggest that aged rats are able to produce endogenous pyrogen but have a reduced capacity to respond to this substance. In 22 aged and 22 young adult rats maintained at 26 degrees C and challenged with S. typhimurium, the febrile response was significantly less in the aged rats but the survival rate was virtually identical. When 10 young adult and 10 aged rats were placed at a temperature of 15 degrees C after injection with S. typhimurium, the febrile response in the aged rats was significantly lower than that in the young adult rats at only one time point, and the survival rate did not differ between the two age groups. Survival after challenge with S. typhimurium was not influenced adversely by the diminished febrile response.
Rapid reorganization of the axonal cytoskeleton induced by a gamma diketone.

Abstract Microtubules and neurofilaments are the major components of nerve fiber axoplasm and are evenly distributed longitudinally. Rearrangement of this distribution can be induced by a number of chemicals, including 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD). Utilizing 2,5-HD, this study explores the earliest time points of observable rearrangement of the cytoskeletal elements. Intrafascicular injections into the sciatic nerve shows central accumulation of microtubules and peripheral relocation of neurofilaments within 1 min of injection, suggesting a direct effect of the toxin of these components.
UGA mutations and UGA suppressors in yeast.

Summary Eight UGA alleles have been obtained in S. cerevisiae. Two UGA alleles, ade5,7-143 and gal10-1, were isolated as forward mutations from wildtype. Six UGA alleles, arg4-2′ (UGA), his5-2′ (UGA), ilv3-1′ (UGA), leu2-1′ (UGA), lyauthor-1′ (UGA), and asp5-1′ (UGA), were derived from UAA alleles by selecting for revertants in the presence of UGA suppressors. With these 8 UGA alleles, two classes of UGA-specific suppressors can be distinguished. Suppressors in one class act upon all 8 alleles; while suppressors in the second class act upon all but 3 alleles: ade5,7-143, arg4-2′ (UGA), and gal10-1.
Infrared spectroscopy of CO on NaCl(100): I. Photometry

Abstract The infrared photometry of a model system of physisorption on a dielectric crystal has been explored. The integrated absorbance of a monolayer of CO on NaCl(100) has been measured and compared with the results of simple models which can calculate this quantity. In the oriented gas model, which treats the adsorbed molecules as unperturbed by the substrate or their neighbors, the calculated integrated absorbance exceeds the measured value by 160%. In the thin film model, dielectric properties of the substrate and molecular polarization are considered. The calculated integrated absorbance is then too high by 50%. Finally when the quantum distortion of CO by the surface electric field is included, the discrepancy between calculated and measured integrated absorbance is reduced to 30%. It is not known the extent to which other quantum effects or the limitations of the polarization treatment are responsible for the remaining discrepancy.
Evolutionary programming technique for reducing complexity of artifical neural networks for breast cancer diagnosis

An evolutionary programming (EP) technique was investigated to reduce the complexity of artificial neural network (ANN) models that predict the outcome of mammography-induced breast biopsy. By combining input variables consisting of mammography lesion descriptors and patient history data, the ANN predicted whether the lesion was benign or malignant, which may aide in reducing the number of unnecessary benign biopsies and thus the cost of mammography screening of breast cancer. The EP has the ability to optimize the ANN both structurally and parametrically. An EP was partially optimized using a data set of 882 biopsy-proven cases from Duke University Medical Center. Although many different architectures were evolved, the best were often perceptrons with no hidden nodes. A rank ordering of the inputs was performed using twenty independent EP runs. This confirmed the predictive value of the mass margin and patient age variables, and revealed the unexpected usefulness of the history of previous breast cancer. Further work is required to improve the performance of the EP over all cases in general and calcification cases in particular.
Iatrogenic entrapment of the femoropopliteal bypass

Abstract Three cases of infragenicular femoropopliteal bypass grafts are presented in which iatrogenic entrapment of the distal portion of the graft occurred between the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle and the posterior surface of the tibia. The condition should be suspected if ischemia of the leg develops postoperatively when the knee is hyperextended and is improved when the knee joint is flexed. Measurements of the ankle pressure index or Pulse Volume Recorder tracings at the ankle in both flexed and extended positions will confirm the diagnosis. The entrapment of the bypasses in these three patients was easily corrected by transection of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. Relief of the occlusion of the bypass can be easily demonstrated by noninvasive studies. (J VASC SURG 1985;2:468-71.)
Presentation of an 85-Year-Old Woman With Musculoskeletal Pain to a Chiropractic Clinic: A Case of Ischemic Stroke

Objective The purpose of this case is to describe a patient who had a stroke preceding a chiropractic appointment and was unaware that the cerebrovascular event had occurred.