cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Danger in Sexism: The Links Among Fear of Crime, Benevolent Sexism, and Well-being

In two studies utilizing undergraduate students at a large public university in the Northeastern U.S., we examined how fear of crime negatively impacts psychological well-being and gender relations. In Study 1, students (N = 216, 105 female) who indicated higher levels of fear of crime also indicated greater endorsement of benevolent sexism (but not hostile sexism) as well as higher levels of behavioral inhibition and lower self-esteem. In Study 2, fear of crime was manipulated and participants (N = 115, 73 female) in the crime condition indicated greater endorsement of benevolent sexism, greater behavioral inhibition and lower self-esteem, as compared to participants in a control condition. The implications of the findings for gender relations and psychological well-being are discussed.
IUGG Quadrennial Report Overviews: Hydrology 1979–1982

The quadrennium 1979–1982 produced notable advances in surface water and groundwater hydrology, as well as important trends toward a more scientific basis for engineering hydrology. Examples of these developments will be given below, as well as an assessment of current trends. One of the most significant areas to emerge during the last quadrennium is stochastic groundwater analysis. The basis for the conceptualization of groundwater flow and transport as a stochastic process is twofold: (1) the realization that hydrologeological environments are extremely heterogeneous, regardless of the scale of modeling or data collection and (2) the use of groundwater flow and transport modeling results within broader water resources or hazardous waste management studies where risk analysis requires and incorporates groundwater uncertainty.
Hydrogel‐MWCNT nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization, and heating with radiofrequency fields

Hydrogel nanocomposites are attractive biomaterials for numerous applications including tissue engineering, drug delivery, cancer treatment, sensors, and actuators. Here we present a nanocomposite of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and temperature responsive N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogels. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the nanocomposites was tailored for physiological applications by the addition of varying amounts of acrylamide (AAm). The addition of nanotubes contributed to interesting properties, including tailorability of temperature responsive swelling and mechanical strength of the resultant nanocomposites. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were studied over a range of temperatures (25–55°C) to characterize the effect of nanotube addition. A radiofrequency (RF) field of 13.56 MHz was applied to the nanocomposite discs, and the resultant heating was characterized using infrared thermography. This is the first report on the use of RF to remotely heat MWCNT-hydrogel nanocomposites. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Sympathetic nervous activity during exercise in relation to age

Propranolol reduces the heart rate and cardiac output during exercise, but this effect is smaller in older (50–65 yr) than in younger subjects (20-35 yr). It is suggested, therefore, that the sympathetic drive to the heart elicited by the stimulus of exercise declines with age.
Targeted laryngeal photodynamic therapy with a balloon diffusing light source.

Summary Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used for pre-malignant mucosal lesions. In an attempt to treat a patient with recurrent high-grade dysplasia of the glottic larynx, we were faced with technical challenges leading us to abandon the classic microlens fiber for a 2-cm long translucent diffusing balloon catheter to deliver photoactivating light to the targeted lesion. Real-time measurements confirmed stable photobleaching with augmentation of the prescribed light fluence secondary to light scatter in regions not in contact with the balloon diffuser. We report a potential new application of the balloon catheter that may be more suitable for anterior glottic lesions associated with minimal acute toxicity.
Effects of Resistance Training on Lower-Extremity Muscle Power in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Resistance training (RT) has been investigated as a potential intervention strategy for improving muscle function, but the effects on lower-extremity muscle power in middle-aged and older adults have not been systematically reviewed. The aim of this meta-analysis is to provide a quantitative estimate of the effect of RT on lower-extremity muscle power in middle-aged and older adults and to examine independent moderators of this relationship. Randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of RT on either leg press (LP) or knee extension (KE) muscle power in adults aged ≥50 years were included. Data were aggregated with meta-analytic techniques, and multi-level modeling was used to adjust for nesting effects. A total of 52 effects from 12 randomized controlled trials were analyzed with a random-effects model to estimate the effect of RT on lower-extremity muscle power. A multiple-regression analysis was conducted to examine independent moderators of the mean effect. The adjusted aggregated results from all studies indicate that RT has a small-to-moderate effect on lower-extremity muscle power (Hedges’ d = 0.34, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.25–0.43), which translated to 54.90 watts (95 % CI 40.37–69.43). Meta-regression analyses indicated that high-velocity RT was superior to traditional RT (Δ = 0.62 vs. 0.20, respectively) for increasing lower-extremity muscle power. In addition, training volume significantly moderated the effect of RT on muscle power. The findings from this meta-analysis indicate that RT is an efficacious intervention strategy for improving LP and KE muscle power in adults aged ≥50 years. Training mode and volume independently moderate the effect of RT on lower-extremity muscle power, and should be considered when prescribing RT exercise for middle-aged and older adults.
Genetic and environmental risk factors for childhood eczema development and allergic sensitization in the CCAAPS cohort.

Eczema is very common and increasing in prevalence. Prospective studies investigating environmental and genetic risk factors for eczema in a birth cohort are lacking. We evaluated risk factors that may promote development of childhood eczema in the Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study (CCAAPS) birth cohort ( n =762) of infants with at least one atopic parent. Objective environmental exposure data were available for each participant. At annual physical examinations, children underwent skin prick tests (SPTs), eczema was diagnosed by a clinician, and DNA was collected. Among Caucasian children, 39% developed eczema by age 3. Children with a pet dog were significantly less likely to have eczema at age one (odds ratio (OR)=0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.40–0.97) or at both ages 2 and 3 (OR=0.54, 95% CI: 0.30–0.97). This finding was most significant among children carrying the CD14–159C/T CC genotype. Carriers of the CD14 –159C/T and IL4Rα I75V single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) had an increased risk of eczema at both ages 2 and 3 (OR=3.44, 95% CI: 1.56–7.57), especially among children who were SPT+. These results provide new insights into the pathogenesis of eczema in high-risk children and support a protective role for early exposure to dog, especially among those carrying the CD14 –159C/T SNP. The results also demonstrate a susceptibility effect of the combination of CD14 and IL4Rα SNPs with eczema.
Three-Dimensional in VIVO Real Time Imaging by a Miniature Dual-Axes Confocal Microscope Based on a Two-Dimensional MEMS Scanner

We demonstrate a novel microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based Dual-Axes confocal (DAC) microscope in a 10-mm diameter handheld package. Miniaturization is achieved by using a barbell-shaped, gimbaled, two-dimensional (2-D) MEMS scanner that is actuated by self-aligned vertical comb actuators. The maximum DC optical scan angles are plusmn4.25deg on the inner axis and plusmn1.5deg on the outer axis, and the corresponding resonance frequencies are 3.4 kHz and 1.2 kHz. The maximum imaging rate is 5 frames/second. The miniature DAC microscope operating at 785-nm-wavelength achieves full- width-half-maximum (FWHM) transverse and axial resolutions of 4.2 mum and 7 mum, respectively.
Outpatient minimally invasive parathyroidectomy is safe for elderly patients.

Background Elderly patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are often not referred for surgical intervention because of concern of comorbid conditions that may increase perioperative complications. Because PHPT is more common in the elderly, we sought to compare indications and complications of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in patients 70 years of age and older (elderly) with their younger counterparts. Study Design A review was conducted of a prospectively collected database of all patients undergoing parathyroidectomy on our endocrine surgery service. Data collected included patient demographic, biochemical pathologic, and operative findings. Wilcoxon rank sum and chi-square tests were used for comparisons. Results Three hundred eighty-eight patients with PHPT recently underwent parathyroidectomy over a 3-year period (elderly, n=101; younger, n=287). The elderly cohort had significantly higher median preoperative creatinine (elderly, 2.0 mg/dL; younger,1.0 mg/dL; p=0.002) and parathyroid hormone (elderly, 145 pg/mL; younger, 123 pg/mL; p=0.026) levels. The elderly cohort also had more severe osteoporosis, with a significantly worse median bone mineral density T-score (elderly, –2.5; younger, –1.8; p Conclusions Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy for PHPT can be performed as safely in elderly patients as in their younger counterparts. Elderly patients with PHPT are more likely to have osteoporosis and higher creatinine levels at the time of surgical referral. Additional study of the role of earlier intervention is warranted.
Feeding tomatoes to hamsters reduces their plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides.

Hamsters were fed semipurified diets containing green or red freeze-dried tomato powders. Compared to the control diet devoid of tomatoes, a 59% and 44% reduction low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was induced by both the green and red tomatoes, respectively. The corresponding reductions in very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) were 45% and 35% and in plasma triglyceride concentrations 47% and 31%, respectively. Plasma levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) were unaffected. Fecal deoxycholic and lithocholic acid concentrations of hamsters on tomato diets were higher than those on control diets. Possible contributions of major components of green and red tomatoes to these beneficial effects are discussed.
Dipole moment, stress relaxation, and birefringence of viton fluoroelastomer

The dielectric constant of a crosslinked sheet of Viton was measured at two frequencies, 200 cycles/sec. and 100 kcycles/sec., for various elongations. The difference (ϵs − ϵ∞) decreased sharply when the sample was strained and then increased slowly during stress relaxation. Relaxation was slow at the temperature of these measurements (35°C.), so that we were only able to estimate the behavior at long time for the lowest elongations. Even under these conditions it was possible to demonstrate that the (ϵs − ϵ∞) values corresponding to long times decrease with elongation. The root mean square dipole moments for a C5F8H2 group are estimated from these data by both a modified form of the Onsager relation and the more recent treatment of Harris and Alder. Stress relaxation and birefringence measurements were performed with elongation and temperature as variables. Viton exhibits linear viscoelastic behavior up to an elongation a of 1.5. The isothermal data indicate a linear relationship between birefringence and stress, both during stress relaxation and recovery. The streas-optical coefficient, C, is 2.35 × 10−4 cm.2/kg. at 28°C. Master curves could be constructed from both the reduced stress and birefringence data a t different temperatures for the same shift factors, aT. The apparent activation energy i s 56 kcal./mole and the characteristic temperature in the simplified WLF equation is TS, = 336 ± 5°C. The birefringence as measured under essentially equilibrium conditions at α = 1.23 was independent of temperature in the range 30–70°C.; however, the CT product measured during relaxation increased from 7 × 10−2 to 8.8 × 10−2 in the same temperature interval. The data were insufficient to determine whether this departure from Gaussian behavior arose from the time dependence or represented an equilibrium effect.
Case 2: Bilious Drainage From an Orogastric Tube in a Preterm Infant

A male infant is noted on the first day after delivery to have a tense, drumlike, and distended abdomen with bilious output from an orogastric sump. He was born via cesarean section at ![Graphic][1] weeks’ gestation to a 19-year-old primigravid mother for fetal intolerance to labor after induction for preterm premature rupture of membranes. His mother denied previous use of medications other than prenatal vitamins, progesterone, and occasional acetaminophen. She also denied use of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs. First trimester screening results were normal, although an α-fetoprotein level was not measured. However, a 20-week ultrasonogram revealed a herniated portion of bowel to the right of the umbilical cord insertion. This defect, similar but now smaller, was again noted on a follow-up 27-week ultrasonogram. However, the extra-abdominal bowel then vanished on both the 31- and 33-week ultrasonograms. On these late ultrasonograms, the only remaining intestinal abnormality was portions of intra-abdominal bowel that appeared to be abnormally dilated. Because of the abnormal prenatal ultrasonograms, the surgical team is present at delivery to assess the infant’s status. Interestingly, he does not have any abdominal wall defect and has a normally inserted umbilical cord that does not contain any herniated intestine. Other than a mildly distended abdomen, his examination findings are normal, and he is appropriate for gestational age (birth weight, 2,050 g). The surgical team leaves, and an orogastric sump is placed because of the abdominal distension. Radiography is performed to further assess the infant’s abdomen. Initial radiographs reveal a paucity of … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif
Interferometry by deconvolution: Part 1 — Theory for acoustic waves and numerical examples

Interferometry allows for synthesis of data recorded at any two receivers into waves that propagate between these receivers as if one of them behaves as a source. This is accomplished typically by crosscorrelations. Based on perturbation theory and representation theorems, we show that interferometry also can be done by deconvolutions for arbitrary media and multidimensional experiments. This is important for interferometry applications in which (1) excitation is a complicated source-time function and/or (2) when wavefield separation methods are used along with interferometry to retrieve specific arrivals. Unlike using crosscorrelations, this method yields only causal scattered waves that propagate between the receivers. We offer a physical interpretation of deconvolution interferometry based on scattering theory. Here we show that deconvolution interferometry in acoustic media imposes an extra boundary condition, which we refer to as the free-point or clamped-point boundary condition, depending on the measured field quantity. This boundary condition generates so-called free-point scattering interactions, which are described in detail. The extra boundary condition and its associated artifacts can be circumvented by separating the reference waves from scattered wavefields prior to interferometry. Three wavefield-separation methods that can be used in interferometry are direct-wave interferometry, dual-field interferometry, and shot-domain separation. Each has different objectives and requirements.
Influence of non-glide stresses on plastic flow: from atomistic to continuum modeling

Abstract The Schmid law, which is accurate for face-centered-cubic (fcc) metals, assumes that only the shear stress acting in the slip plane in the slip direction controls the plastic deformation. Hence, it is implicitly assumed that the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) for the slip is not affected by any other components of the applied stress tensor. This rule is almost ubiquitously utilized in large-scale continuum computations of plastically deforming single and polycrystals. On the other hand, in materials with more complex structures and for some orientations of the dislocation line the cores can spread onto several non-parallel planes. The most widely-known example is the screw dislocation in bcc metals, though this phenomenon is quite universal in structures that are not close packed. Signatures of such core configurations commonly include unexpected deformation modes and slip geometries, strong and unusual dependence of flow stresses on temperature and strain rate, a high Peierls stress, and, in general, a breakdown of the Schmid law. In this paper, we first summarize results of atomistic computer simulations of the response of 1/2〈1 1 1〉 screw dislocations to the applied shear stresses. The calculations have been made using central-force many-body potentials and tight-binding based bond-order potentials for molybdenum. While the core structure found is not the same for the two descriptions of atomic interactions, both lead to a very similar orientation dependence of the critical resolved shear stress for the dislocation motion which takes place along the most highly stressed {1 1 0} plane. This dependence reveals the break down of the Schmid law invoked by the effect of shear stresses acting in another {1 1 0} plane, which are called non-glide stresses. These results are then transferred to macroscopic level by formulating single crystal yield criteria that include the effects of non-glide components of the stress tensor. These criteria form a basis for multislip yield criteria and flow relations for continuum analyses. Using this approach we demonstrate that the effects of non-glide stresses that have their origin at the level of individual dislocations also have significant effect on polycrystalline response, including a significant tension-compression asymmetry.
Permanent magnet motor-drive frequency response characterization for transient phenomena and conducted EMI analysis

A modeling approach is presented for conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) analysis of permanent magnet (PM) motor-drive systems. In this modeling approach, three-phase circuits are used to represent differential-mode (DM) and common-mode (CM) behaviors of PM motors and AC cables. These models are accurate up to 10 MHz which enables analysis of conducted EMI emission of PM motor-drive systems. Experimental results are presented to confirm the validity and the precision of the presented approach.
Theoretical Limits to Visual Performance

Wavefront sensors and scanning laser technology are enabling the correction of the aberrations of the eye. The effects of aberrations on visual performance are reviewed, and the theoretical limit of visual performance is predicted to understand the ultimate endpoint of these new technologies. A schematic eye model that incorporates diffraction, chromatic aberration, photopic response, the Stiles-Crawford effect, and pupil size is ray-traced to determine its limiting optical properties. These properties are compared to the detection requirements of the retina and brain to determine the theoretical limit of foveal vision. The theoretical limits on foveal vision are found to be between 20/12 and 20/5, depending on pupil diameter. It is concluded that emerging refractive surgery technologies may provide substantial increases in visual performance.
Parallel computation of multiple biological sequence comparisons

A parallel implementation of an efficient method for comparison of multiple DNA sequences is presented. The method is described in terms of a conceptual tree data structure for the sequences to be compared. The parallel algorithm shows efficient utilization of processors on an Encore Multimax computer in a sample comparison of 11 sequences totaling over 4000 bases. Timing data show the strong influence of computer system details on this parallel program. Also presented is a graphics program for displaying multiple sequence comparison output data. The display is capable of representing large volumes of multiple sequence comparison data in a single plot. The program has several additional features that allow closer examination of subsets of sequences. A display of matches from the sample comparison reflects the known structure of these sequences.
Stochastic analysis of power-aware scheduling

Energy consumption in a computer system can be reduced by dynamic speed scaling, which adapts the processing speed to the current load. This paper studies the optimal way to adjust speed to balance mean response time and mean energy consumption, when jobs arrive as a Poisson process and processor sharing scheduling is used. Both bounds and asymptotics for the optimal speeds are provided. Interestingly, a simple scheme that halts when the system is idle and uses a static rate while the system is busy provides nearly the same performance as the optimal dynamic speed scaling. However, dynamic speed scaling which allocates a higher speed when more jobs are present significantly improves robustness to bursty traffic and mis-estimation of workload parameters.
Stripe-based SPHIT lossy compression of volumetric medical images for low memory usage and uniform reconstruction quality

This paper presents a low memory implementation of efficient lossy volumetric medical image compression using the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) algorithm. The coding units in this three-dimensional wavelet transform and compression method are short sequences of horizontal stripes cut from the sequence of slices in the volumetric image. As the compression degree increases, the boundaries between adjacent coding units became increasingly visible. Unlike video, where image frames are viewed under dynamic conditions, the volume image is examined under static conditions and must not exhibit such boundary artifacts. In order to eliminate them, we utilize overlapping and averaging both at the intra-slice and inter-slice boundaries between adjacent and successive stripe sequences. Our low memory implementation smooths out considerably the variation in mean squared error among different slices and suffers only an insignificant loss in performance from that of a full memory implementation.
Safety of thimerosal-containing vaccines: a two-phased study of computerized health maintenance organization databases.

Objective. To assess the possible toxicity of thimerosal-containing vaccines (TCVs) among infants. Methods. A 2-phased retrospective cohort study was conducted using computerized health maintenance orga- nization (HMO) databases. Phase I screened for associa- tions between neurodevelopmental disorders and thimero- sal exposure among 124 170 infants who were born during 1992 to 1999 at 2 HMOs (A and B). In phase II, the most common disorders associated with exposure in phase I were reevaluated among 16 717 children who were born during 1991 to 1997 in another HMO (C). Relative risks for neurodevelopmental disorders were calculated per increase of 12.5 g of estimated cumulative mercury ex- posure from TCVs in the first, third, and seventh months of life. Results. In phase I at HMO A, cumulative exposure at 3 months resulted in a significant positive association with tics (relative risk (RR): 1.89; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-3.38). At HMO B, increased risks of language delay were found for cumulative exposure at 3 months (RR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01-1.27) and 7 months (RR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01-1.13). In phase II at HMO C, no significant as- sociations were found. In no analyses were significant increased risks found for autism or attention-deficit dis- order. Conclusions. No consistent significant associations were found between TCVs and neurodevelopmental out- comes. Conflicting results were found at different HMOs for certain outcomes. For resolving the conflicting find- ings, studies with uniform neurodevelopmental assess- ments of children with a range of cumulative thimerosal exposures are needed. Pediatrics 2003;112:1039 -1048; co- hort study, computerized medical record systems, lan- guage development disorders, speech disorders, thimero- sal, vaccines.
Measurement of flaw size from thermographic data

Simple methods for reducing the pulsed thermographic responses of delaminations tend to overestimate the size of the delamination, since the heat diffuses in the plane parallel to the surface. The result is a temperature profile over the delamination which is larger than the delamination size. A variational approach is presented for reducing the thermographic data to produce an estimated size for a flaw that is much closer to the true size of the delamination. The method is based on an estimate for the thermal response that is a convolution of a Gaussian kernel with the shape of the flaw. The size is determined from both the temporal and spatial thermal response of the exterior surface above the delamination and constraints on the length of the contour surrounding the delamination. Examples of the application of the technique to simulation and experimental data are presented to investigate the limitations of the technique.
Mechanisms of ovotoxicity induced by environmental chemicals: 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide as a model chemical

Females are born with a finite number of undeveloped, primordial follicles. Environmental chemicals that destroy oocytes contained in these follicles can produce premature ovarian failure (early menopause in women) because once destroyed, they cannot be replaced. Menopause is known to be associated with an increased incidence of a variety of health problems such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and ovarian cancer. Exposure of women to chemicals that are ovotoxic in laboratory animals (chemotherapeutic agents, contaminants of cigarette smoke) is known to be associated with early menopause. Therefore, an overall understanding of mechanisms involved in chemical-induced ovotoxicity is of general health-related concern (Hoyer and Sipes, 1996).
Development of a Clinical Prediction Rule for Guiding Treatment of a Subgroup of Patients With Neck Pain: Use of Thoracic Spine Manipulation, Exercise, and Patient Education

To date, no studies have investigated the predictive validity of variables from the initial examination to identify patients with neck pain who are likely to benefit from thoracic spine thrust manipulation. The purpose of this study was to develop a clinical prediction rule (CPR) to identify patients with neck pain who are likely to experience early success from thoracic spine thrust manipulation. Subjects This was a prospective, cohort study of patients with mechanical neck pain who were referred for physical therapy. Methods Subjects underwent a standardized examination and then a series of thoracic spine thrust manipulation techniques. They were classified as having experienced a successful outcome at the second and third sessions based on their perceived recovery. Potential predictor variables were entered into a stepwise logistic regression model to determine the most accurate set of variables for prediction of treatment success.
Re-Engineering of a Shifter Kart for Improved Performance

This paper describes a new senior design project offered at Louisiana State University's Mechanical Engineering Department. The project was aimed at improving the performance of a 125 cc racing shi...
DISPARITIES IN REVASCULARIZATION FOR ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PERSIST FOR PATIENTS WITH SEVERE MENTAL ILLNESS

Prior research has shown that patients with severe mental illness (SMI = bipolar disorder and/or schizophrenia) are less likely to receive revascularization in the setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). It is unknown whether this disparity has persisted over time. We conducted a
Present situation investigation on human resources of CDCs in Tianjin City in 2011

[Objective]To understand the present situation of human resources in CDCs in Tianjin City,and provide reference for reasonable allocation of human resources.[Methods]The 2011 human resources information of 19 CDCs at municipal and country levels was collected and analyzed by Excel 2003 and SPSS 15.0.[Results]The employees aged 25-34 years occupied 36.92%,over 35 years occupied 61.43%;8.49% had master'degree and 45.90% had bachelor's degree;38.08% were medical professionals,among which employees in CDCs at county level occupied 34.89%;the employees with senior titles occupied 55.11% in CDCs at municipal level,and 34.89% in CDCs at county level;the proportion of professional and technical personnel was 85.51% in CDCs at municipal level,and 74.30% in CDCs at county level.[Conclusion]The allocation of human resources is not sufficient in this city.There are lots of non-professionals,and the structure of title proportion needs to be adjusted.It is necessary to improve the professional proportion.
Rodent density investigation and seasonal dynamics in Wuxi city

Objective To know density and seasonal dynamics of rodent of the past two years in Wuxi. Methods Trap-night method. Results The total rodent density from monitoring points were 0.97% and 0.84% of the year 2005 and 2006 respectively.272 rodent were captured, male and female ratio was 1∶2.4, female pregnancy rate was 12%, young rodent proportion was 24.67%. Rattus norvegicus was predominant in quantity, followed by R. tanezumi, Mus musculus, and there were no other kinds of rodent. Conclusion Rodent intelligence investigation provided the basis for the rodent control and choosing suitable method and time to control the rodents.
Solderability of a Kind of a Semi-bright Nickel Plating Process

Objective To solve the problem of poor solderability of nickel plating layer,make the solderability of the optoelectronic device shell meet the requirements of reflow soldering and guarantee the solderability not to reduce after storage for half a year. Methods Taking nickel amino-sulfonate as a system,this paper investigated the relationship among temperature,p H,current density and deposition rate by adopting the reflow soldering and Tin dipping method to characterize the solderability of the coating and investigated the coating quality,bonding force and performance metrics in the salt spray test. Results The plating solution system can obtain a plating layer with good solderability within broader ranges of current density and temperature. The deposition rate increased as a linear with the increasing current density and the solderability was proved good. The infiltrating and reflow soldering experiments showed that the solderability of the plating layer all met the requirements in the 45 ℃ steady-state humid environment( 95% RH for 48 h) or under the condition of constant baking at 150 ℃ for 1 hour. Conclusion When the current density is between 1 A / dm2 and 5 A / dm2,p H is 3. 2 to 4. 4 and the temperature control is between 40 ℃ and 55 ℃,the excellent solderability of plating layer can be obtained and meet the requirements of reflow soldering on the solderability of plating layer and can be kept for half a year with no reduction.
Analysis of 97 case reports of adverse drug reactions in children

Objective:To analyze the occurrence and distribution of adverse drug reaction(ADR) to improve the rational administration of drugs in clinic.Methods: By using the method of retrospective study,97 ADR reports were analyzed.Results: Antibiotic was the drugs causing most ADR,with a proportion of 63.92%(62/97),and system-organ damages were common in skin and appendixes with a proportion of 58.10%(61/105).Conclusions: If supervision of the ADR is strengthened,the rational administration of drugs will be improved in clinic.
3D Visualization Platform of Mine Based on 3D GIS

In view of problems existed in 2D GIS information management system of coal mine,the paper proposed a design scheme of 3D visualization platform of mine based on 3D GIS.It introduced whole structure,functions of function modules and application effect of the platform.The actual application showed that the platform realizes fusion and visualization analysis of kinds of safety monitoring data and can make quick and accurate warning and forecasting for hidden danger of coal mine.
Effect of Chinese green tea extracts on the human gastric carcinoma cell in vitro

We have studied and found antitumor effects in Chinese green tea extracts (T-8750). By pharmacologic test, it showed anticancer actions against several kinds of tumors in NIH mice evidently. Clinical trials on the therapeutics effects against early stomach cancer showed very effective. In order to prove it's function to prevent cancer. The research results as follows: (1) In vitro, T-8750 (0.5-1 mg/ml) could inhibit the cell growth of SGC (stomach gastric cancer) significantly. The inhibition action are obviously within 12-24 hr. (2) T-8750 traversed the migration of cell line L1210 from G1 phase to S phase, the rate were (63%). (3) In vitro, the blocking effect of T-8750 on the nitrosation of morpholine-nitrite was (92.4%). (4) the effect of T-8750 scavenger harmful free radicals was (63%).
The Measurement of Concentration

We define the process of concentration as an increase in the extent to which economic activity is controlled by large firms. This definition requires expansion and explanation in at least four directions. First, what are the units in which economic activity is measured — sales, assets, employment or something else? Second, what is the area in which control is exercised — the industry, the region, the economy as a whole? Third, do we mean large in an absolute sense, or simply large relative to other firms in the same industry or economy? And fourth, once we have answered these questions and assembled our data, how do we combine them in a single summary measure of industrial structure — do we use concentration ratios, or one of the many other indices which have been proposed? None of these questions are of the kind to which there are right or wrong answers: there are particular ways of answering them which are more relevant for particular purposes, and, as we have argued in the preceding chapter, there are many different reasons for being interested in concentration. It is an empirical fact that it rarely matters how we answer them. The overall pattern of concentration and its trends are much the same however we choose to measure them. (Bates 1965, and pp. 93–7 below).
Magnetic properties of Gd 2 O 3

Polarized-neutron experiments have been used to measure the temperature dependence of the susceptibility of the ${\mathrm{Gd}}^{3+}$ ion at the two different crystallographic sites in cubic ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ in the paramagnetic state. Below 10\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K these susceptibilities are quite different because of the different net exchange interactions with the rest of the crystal. The temperature dependences of the first- and second-neighbor spin correlations have also been observed through measurement of the diffuse scattering of unpolarized neutrons. An approximate theory of the magnetic behavior of ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ in the paramagnetic region is presented which provides predictions of the susceptibilities, spin correlations, and specific heat which are in reasonable accord with experimental results. The previously reported paramagnetic form factor for ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ has been revised slightly, leading to the conclusion that there is no convincing evidence supporting a difference in the $4f$ spin density between the metallic and oxide cases.
First-generation Disadvantage and College Enrollment/Completion:

There are large inequalities in who enrolls in four-year collegiate programs, who finishes, and why. In this article, we draw on several waves of the Educational Longitudinal Study, explore family ...
INVITED PAPER: NEUTRON SCATTERING FROM TRANSURANIUM MATERIALS

A number of neutron experiments on transuranium materials are reviewed. The purpose of these experiments, which range from studies of crystal-fields in the oxides to excitations in PuSb, is to increase our understanding of the 5f electron behaviour across the first half of the actinide series. Comparisons are made with the more familiar uranium analogues.
Abstract B051: Super cross-presentation of tumor antigens by synthetic design of an anti-phosphatidylserine bridge protein

Cell loss by apoptosis is a common feature in tumors. Dying tumor cells induce immune tolerance within the tumor microenvironment largely through highly conserved homeostatic clearance programs that restore tissue immune homeostasis and contribute to the formation of an immunosuppressive niche. The translocation of phosphatidylserine (PS) on cellular membranes, during the initial phases of apoptosis, functions as a recognition and removal signal that limits the immunogenicity of cell death. We examined whether altering clearance of dying cancer cells to elicit inflammatory turnover can allow for and potentiate immune responses against tumor cells. To remove inhibitory signals in the homeostatic clearance pathway we utilized a molecular bridge scaffold to engineer a modified phosphatidylserine bridge protein (FA58C2-hIgG1 or C2-hIgG1) that works as a bridge between apoptotic cells expressing aminophospholipids and phagocytes bearing Fc receptors. In vivo administration of C2-hIgG1 partially restores immune responses to dead tumor cells in antigen cross presentation assays and promotes recruitment and retention of tumor antigen specific CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells into tumors. These effects combine to elicit anti-lymphoma immunity, improve responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors, and enhance the effectiveness of adoptive T cell transfers using engineered T Cell Receptors (TCRs) but not chimeric antigen receptor engineered (CAR-T) T cells. Citation Format: Daniel Corey, Aaron Ring, Melissa McCracken, Masanori Miyanishi, Sydney Gordon, Irving Weissman. Super cross-presentation of tumor antigens by synthetic design of an anti-phosphatidylserine bridge protein [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; 2016 Sept 25-28; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B051.
Effect of the Composition on the Free Energy of Crystal Nucleation for CuPd Nanoalloys

Using molecular simulation, we study the nucleation process from supercooled liquid alloys of Cu and Pd. The simulations reveal a complex interplay between the size of the crystal nucleus and its composition that greatly impacts the crystallization process on the nanoscale. In particular, we find that the free energy of nucleation strongly depends on the composition of the alloy, with a free energy barrier for the equimolar alloy that is more than 2 times larger than for the pure metals. We attribute this increase in free energy to the variations in composition occurring both at the surface and in the core of the nucleus. The local changes in composition are then analyzed by comparing the surface energies of the two metals and by taking into account the competition between crystallization and demixing that takes place at the interface between the nucleus and the surrounding liquid.
A computationally efficient P1 radiation model for modern combustion systems utilizing pre-conditioned conjugate gradient methods

Abstract The iterative convergence of the P 1 radiation model can be slow in optically thin scenarios when employing classical iterative methods. In order to remedy this shortcoming, an in-house P 1 radiation model was interfaced with high performance, scalable, linear solver libraries. Next, the accuracies of P 1 radiation model calculations was assessed by comparing its predictions against discrete ordinates (DO) model calculations for prototypical problems representative of modern combustion systems. Corresponding benchmark results were also included for comparison. Utilizing Pre-Conditioners (PC) to the Conjugate Gradients (CG) method, the convergence time of the P 1 radiation model reduced by a factor of 30 for modest problem sizes and a factor of 70 for larger sized problems when compared against classical Gauss Seidel sweeps. Further, PC provided 50% computational savings compared to employing CG in a standalone mode. The P 1 model calculation times were about 25–30% of the DO model calculation time. The time to solution also scaled linearly with an increase in problem size. The weighted sum of gray gases model employed in this study in conjunction with the P 1 model provided good agreement against benchmark data with L 2 error norms (defined relative to corresponding DO calculations) improving when isotropic intensities were prevalent.
Five pillars of enterprise portfolio planning

Current U.S. government space systems acquisition processes are regularly criticized for their inability to adequately plan for the frequent cost overruns and schedule delays experienced by new developments and acquisitions. These overruns and delays can have a detrimental effect across a portfolio of projects and programs leading to reduced integrated capabilities and delayed fulfillment of critical requirements. Although best practices for improved cost and schedule estimating are continually being pursued, the natural tension between conservative estimating and aggressive planning will always exist to avoid the ever-present fear of being dubbed a “non-starter” and cancelled early in a project's lifecycle. Thus, portfolio planning across an enterprise of projects and Programs must address the uncertainty that exists within new acquisitions in an environment of ever-changing stakeholder needs and strategic, economic, and political priorities while demonstrating the value of each investment to the enterprise strategic vision. Existing portfolio management processes are often disconnected from strategic plans and focus solely on the static affordability of an existing portfolio, disregarding the executability and sustainability of these programs in the dynamic, high risk environment of space systems acquisition. This paper proposes a process to improve enterprise portfolio planning through the integrated evaluation of five critical metrics: Capability, Affordability, Executability, Adaptability, and Continuity. These five metrics, referred to as the Five Pillars of Enterprise Portfolio Planning, are critical components for optimizing the portfolio management process, which is all the more important in a current environment emphasizing the need for resilient enterprise architectures whose successful implementation will require accounting for both programmatic and operational threats. The first metric, Capability, quantifies the alignment between a portfolio of functional elements and an organization's objectives and/or strategic goals. The next metric, Affordability, measures the ability of a portfolio of functional elements to achieve and maintain a required capability set under a given funding level over time. The third metric, Executability, measures the ability of a portfolio to execute plans without schedule delays while accounting for the full range of programmatic and technical risks. Adaptability measures the ability of a portfolio to remain viable over time in an environment of evolving requirements/capability needs, changing priorities and politics, and uncertain funding levels. The last metric, Continuity, measures the ability of a portfolio to satisfy a defined capability set over time without gaps, lags, or shortfalls. Together, in an integrated framework, these Five Pillars serve as the basis for a process to make informed decisions aligned with a common strategic vision for the enterprise portfolio.
Practical Trouble Shooting Test Methodologies

Trouble shooting acoustic, vibration and controls problems has been a historical application where modal analysis has been employed to characterize the troubled system or systems. For many of the troubled systems no existing analytical models or previous test results are available. Many problems involve systems which have very high overhead or loss production cost, therefore the time required to obtain a solution is important. This paper will examine test methods and characterization techniques which are well suited to trouble shooting applications including the use of semi-autonomous and autonomous modal parameter estimation and modal modeling methods which can be used to simplify and speed up the process.
Gene Expression: Analysis and Quantitation

Abstract Quantitation of gene expression within a particular cell, tissue, or the whole organism is an important tool for animal biotechnology. Using the brain as a model system, we discuss methodological approaches to identification, collection, and processing of samples, including combined detection of mRNA and protein at the regional and single-cell levels.
Growth Factors in Alzheimer’s Disease

Growth factors have the potential to potently influence neuronal survival and function. Their broad efficacy against a variety of pathogenic insults likely arises because growth factors influence final common mechanisms that mediate cell atrophy and death, including apoptosis-related mechanisms (bcl-2, bax, and the caspases) as well as genes important for cell function (ERK/MAP kinase, CREB, others). As such, the growth factors offer the potential to treat neurodegenerative disorders either alone or as combination therapies with other anti-AD therapies, including anti-amyloid approaches. The transition to clinical trials using methods that generate high yet locally restricted levels of growth factors should, over the next few years, indicate whether they will ultimately have a useful role in the treatment of AD.
Explaining heritable variance in human character

Personality is moderately heritable (around 40%), across a variety of measures. Non-linear genetic influences (subsumed by the influence of the "dominance" factor in the heritability literature) likely play a large role in the genetics of personality, even more so than for other phenotypes. Zwir and colleagues sought to identify sets of SNPs that, through both additive and interactive effects, explain the previously observed heritability of personality. The abstract reported identification of a set of SNPs that "explained nearly all the heritability expected for character in each sample (50 to 58%)." This reported effect size is extraordinary. The paper9s Supplemental Materials reveal how such an estimate occurred.