cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An outbreak of streptococcus endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab.

Purpose To report a series of patients with Streptococcus endophthalmitis after injection with intravitreal bevacizumab prepared by the same compounding pharmacy. Design Noncomparative consecutive case series. Methods Medical records and microbiology results of patients who presented with endophthalmitis after injection with intravitreal bevacizumab between July 5 and July 8, 2011, were reviewed. Results Twelve patients were identified with endophthalmitis, presenting 1 to 6 days after receiving an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. The injections occurred at 4 different locations in south Florida. All patients received bevacizumab prepared by the same compounding pharmacy. None of the infections originated at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida, although 9 patients presented to its tertiary-care ophthalmic emergency room for treatment, and 3 additional patients were seen in consultation. All patients were treated initially with a vitreous tap and injection; 8 patients subsequently received a vitrectomy. Microbiology cultures for 10 patients were positive for Streptococcus mitis/oralis . Seven unused syringes of bevacizumab prepared by the compounding pharmacy at the same time as those prepared for the affected patients also were positive for S. mitis/oralis . After 4 months of follow-up, all but 1 patient had count fingers or worse visual acuity, and 3 required evisceration or enucleation. Local, state, and federal health department officials have been investigating the source of the contamination. Conclusions In this outbreak of endophthalmitis after intravitreal bevacizumab injection, Streptococcus mitis/oralis was cultured from the majority of patients and from all unused syringes. Visual outcomes were generally poor. The most likely cause of this outbreak was contamination during syringe preparation by the compounding pharmacy.
α-Galactosyl antibody redistributes α-galactosyl at the surface of pig blood and endothelial cells

The interaction of antibodies with cell surface antigens may induce redistribution of immune complexes, followed by antigen depletion, with increased resistance to injurious effect of antibody and complement (antigenic modulation). Human natural antibodies to Gal alpha 1,3Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc-R (alpha Gal) epitopes expressed at the surface of pig cells are a major obstacle to xenotransplantation. Recent studies have shown that these antibodies do not modulate alpha Gal, but the morphological consequences of the antigen-antibody interaction are unknown. Pig blood and endothelial cells, were exposed to baboon alpha-Gal antibodies, and studied by immunofluorescence and phase contrast microscopy, flow cytometry, and inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In cells studied at 4 degrees C or fixed, alpha Gal was diffusely expressed at the surface. After cross-linking at 37 degrees C, antigenic modulation did not occur, but granular redistribution of alpha Gal immune complexes was seen in all cell types. In other systems a similar redistribution is known to induce perturbation of the plasma membrane/cytoskeletal structure with changes in adhesive properties, gene regulation, and T cell activation, which could be important if pig xenografts will be made to survive for prolonged periods.
Impact of roadside features on the frequency and severity of run-off-roadway accidents: an empirical analysis

In the US, single-vehicle run-off-roadway accidents result in a million highway crashes with roadside features every year and account for approximately one third of all highway fatalities. Despite the number and severity of run-off-roadway accidents, quantification of the effect of possible countermeasures has been surprisingly limited due to the absence of data (particularly data on roadside features) needed to rigorously analyze factors affecting the frequency and severity of run-off-roadway accidents. This study provides some initial insight into this important problem by combining a number of databases, including a detailed database on roadside features, to analyze run-off-roadway accidents on a 96.6-km section of highway in Washington State. Using zero-inflated count models and nested logit models, statistical models of accident frequency and severity are estimated and the findings isolate a wide range of factors that significantly influence the frequency and severity of run-off-roadway accidents. The marginal effects of these factors are computed to provide an indication on the effectiveness of potential countermeasures. The findings show significant promise in applying new methodological approaches to run-off-roadway accident analysis.
When worlds collide: molecular biology as interdisciplinary collaboration

The field of molecular biology is in a remarkably rapid period of change, as the genome sequencing projects and new experimental technologies have generated an explosion of data To analyze and draw insights from the vast amounts of information, biologists use a new generation of bioinformatics software tools, often working closely with mathematicians and computer scientists. There are elements of both collision and convergence in these interdisciplinary encounters. We conducted user studies with biologists engaged in investigating the molecular basis of disease. We describe several issues that arise in this collision/convergence of disciplines, drawing on the notion of boundary objects in-the-making. We provide recommendations on building technology for people whose work now sits at the crossroads of diverse and rapidly changing scientific fields.
Association of a Pasteurella Haemolytica-Like Organism with Enteritis in Swine

A Pasteurella haemolytica-like organism was isolated from the intestines of 28 swine with clinical, gross, or microscopic evidence of enteritis. In 15 cases, other known enteric pathogens were also demonstrated, and in 13 cases, no other pathogens were detected. The mean age of affected animals was 44 days. Most of the animals had clinical evidence of diarrhea. Gross enteric lesions were present in 17 of 21 cases. Microscopic lesions were present in 24 of 26 cases. A diffuse or segmental moderate to severe necrotizing enteritis was the most common lesion in cases in which only the Pasteurella haemolytica-like organism was isolated. Biochemical tests gave results consistent with Pasteurella haemolytica, and 5 of 15 isolates met criteria for biotype A. Negative results were found with an indirect haemagglutination procedure for P. haemolytica.
A Method to Estimate the Accuracy of 1-D Flow Based Permeability Measuring Devices

Radial flow experiment is often used to measure the permeability of fibrous porous media by the composites processing community. However, very little work has been done to calibrate the radial flow set-up with media of known permeability. This article presents a new method for calibrating the permeability measuring set-ups based on radial flows. A reference medium in the form of two concentric annular slits is created for the radial flow mold whose permeability is estimated analytically and numerically. It is observed that the experimentally measured permeability deviates from the theoretical and numerical permeabilities with an increase in the flow rate for an injection setup using a gear pump as well as a piston-cylinder pump. The deviation can be attributed to two possible reasons: one is the leakage between the calibration device and mold plate surfaces because of a slight mold deformation at higher flow rates, the other one is the increase in the gap clearance of the reference medium because of the h...
XY sex-reversal syndrome in the domestic horse

The XY sex-reversal syndrome occurs when a phenotypic mare is born that has the karyotype of a stallion. The syndrome is manifested by both genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. The sex-reversed genetic condition occurs frequently within certain pedigrees where XY females have been found and can be readily detected by chromosome karyotyping. The phenotypic spectrum ranges from the feminine mare with a reproductive tract that is within normal limits to the greatly masculinized mare. Pedigree analysis suggests that there are two modes of inheritance: (1) an X-linked recessive or autosomal sex-limited dominant transmitted through the female and (2) an autosomal sex-limited dominant or a Y chromosomal mutation with variable expression transmitted through the male. The proportion of female to male progeny of the 69 top-producing Arabian stallions in the world is 53 to 47, indicating that the occurrence of genetic defects affecting the sex ratio such as the XY sex-reversal syndrome is relatively infrequent. In nine cases where the sex ratios of stallions deviated significantly from the expected sex ratio, the incidence of female infertility also increased. Cytogenetic screening of young animals would provide for early detection and avoid the expense and disappointment of continuous breeding attempts. Just as importantly, it would aid in the reduction and the possible elimination of this genetic condition from breeding herds.
Sputtering of uranium

Results are presented for an experimental study of the sputtering of U-235 atoms from foil targets by hydrogen, helium, and argon ions, which was performed by observing tracks produced in mica by fission fragments following thermal-neutron-induced fission. The technique used allowed measurements of uranium sputtering yields of less than 0.0001 atom/ion as well as yields involving the removal of less than 0.01 monolayer of the uranium target surface. The results reported include measurements of the sputtering yields for 40-120-keV protons, 40-120-keV He-4(+) ions, and 40- and 80-keV Ar-40(+) ions, the mass distribution of chunks emitted during sputtering by the protons and 80-keV Ar-40(+) ions, the total chunk yield during He-4(+) sputtering, and some limited data on molecular sputtering by H2(+) and H3(+). The angular distribution of the sputtered uranium is discussed, and the yields obtained are compared with the predictions of collision cascade theory.
CMOS implementation of locally connected neural cells to solve the steady-state heat flow problem

A locally connected neural network for solving a class of partial differential equations is designed and simulated with SPICE. Each neural cell is designed using active and passive components. An architecture is described to control the components. The CMOS VLSI implementation was fabricated and measured. A sixteen cell network is also simulated and measured to solve the steady-state heat flow problem and the results are compared to the numerical solution of the partial differential equation.
Real fire performance of partition assemblies

SUMMARY A series of real-scale compartment tests was performed to provide information on the phenomenology of partition response and failure, to guide model development. Two partition assemblies of 2:44 m � 2:44 m were exposed to two intense fires from the time of ignition to beyond flashover. The assemblies were constructed using type X gypsum panels. The stud spacing and stud dimensions were fixed for both assemblies. Heat flux gauges provided time histories of the energy incident on the partitions, while thermocouples provided data on the propagation of heat through the partitions and on the progress toward perforation. Visual and infrared cameras were used to image partition behavior during the fire exposure. The results obtained from these experiments are discussed. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Graph-based approach for gene markers and applications in next-generation sequencing data analysis

With the tremendous large data sets from next-generation sequencing technology, there is the big challenging task of how to transform the large amount of sequencing data to information meaningful for biologists and life scientists. The initial step is to align these data sets to the known reference genomes, which is essential for further data analysis. However next-generation sequencing read alignment is very time consuming. To address this challenge, we developed a general framework to build genome-wide unique gene markers. This framework includes a novel graph theoretical model for extracting robust gene markers and effective methods for evaluating the sets of gene markers. The genome-wide unique gene markers will help accelerating the next-generation sequencing read alignment process. We use the E. Coli genome as a model genome to illustrate our approach and demonstrate its significance in time saving for read alignment. Further testing on using the sets of gene markers for read coverage analysis is being conducted.
Distributed aggregation for data-parallel computing: interfaces and implementations

Data-intensive applications are increasingly designed to execute on large computing clusters. Grouped aggregation is a core primitive of many distributed programming models, and it is often the most efficient available mechanism for computations such as matrix multiplication and graph traversal. Such algorithms typically require non-standard aggregations that are more sophisticated than traditional built-in database functions such as Sum and Max. As a result, the ease of programming user-defined aggregations, and the efficiency of their implementation, is of great current interest.This paper evaluates the interfaces and implementations for user-defined aggregation in several state of the art distributed computing systems: Hadoop, databases such as Oracle Parallel Server, and DryadLINQ. We show that: the degree of language integration between user-defined functions and the high-level query language has an impact on code legibility and simplicity; the choice of programming interface has a material effect on the performance of computations; some execution plans perform better than others on average; and that in order to get good performance on a variety of workloads a system must be able to select between execution plans depending on the computation. The interface and execution plan described in the MapReduce paper, and implemented by Hadoop, are found to be among the worst-performing choices.
Oligo(N-alkoxy glycines): Trans substantiating peptoid conformations†

Peptoid oligomers possess many desirable attributes bioactive peptidomimetic agents, including their ease of synthesis, chemical diversity, and capability for molecular recognition. Ongoing efforts to develop functional peptoids will necessitate improved capability for control of peptoid structure, particularly of the backbone amide conformation. We introduce alkoxyamines as a new reagent for solid phase peptoid synthesis. Herein, we describe the synthesis of N-alkoxy peptoids, and present NMR data indicating that the oligomers adopt a single stable conformation featuring trans amide bonds. These findings, combined with results from computational modeling, suggest that N-alkoxy peptoid oligomers have a strong propensity to adopt a polyproline II type secondary structure.
Effect of Charge Recombination on the Fill Factor of Small Molecule Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

Solution-processed organic BHJ solar cells based on 3,6-bis[5-(benzofuran-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl]-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione (DPP(TBFu)2) or poly(3-hexylthiophene) blended with [6,6]-phenyl-C60(70) -butyric acid methyl ester (PC60(70) BM) behave differently under various irradiation intensities. Small molecule-based DPP(TBFu)2:PC60 BM solar cells show up to 5.2% power conversion efficiency and a high fill factor at low light intensity. At 100 mW cm−2 illumination, the efficiency and fill factor decrease, resulting in stronger power losses. Impedance spectroscopy at various light intensities reveals that high charge recombination is the cause of the low fill factor in DPP(TBFu)2:PC60 BM.
Slab-coupled optical waveguide photodiode

We report the first high-current photodiode based on the slab-coupled optical waveguide concept. The device has a large mode (5.8 times 7.6 mum) and ultra-low optical confinement (Gamma ~ 0.05%), allowing a 2-mm absorption length. The maximum photocurrent obtained was 250 mA (R = 0.8-A/W) at 1.55 mum.
Research on power conditioning systems for superconductive magnetic energy storage (SMES)

Several converter/inverter circuit topologies using silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) and gate turn off (GTO) devices have been developed for operating a superconductive magnetic energy storage (SMES) coil with an electric utility. Control of real and reactive power and shorting switch and current bypass techniques have been investigated. Experimental tests of independent real and reactive power control have been successfully performed using an 8-h superconducting coil and 10-kVA power conditioning circuits. In typical studies, the real power was cycled from zero to a peak charging power of 7 kW and then the discharging power was held constant at 3 kW, while the reactive power was independently held constant at various values between 0 and +or-5 kvar. A technique for zero current opening of a mechanical bypass switch using converter control to cancel the coil current in the closed bypass switch was also successfully demonstrated using the 8-h coil.
Foraging behaviour of two rodent species inhabiting a kopje (rocky outcrop) in Tsavo West National Park, Kenya

We employed patch use theory to evaluate how several environmental factors influence the foraging behaviour of two rodent species: Grammomys dolichurus and Acomys cahirinus. Foraging efficiency was determined by measuring the remaining food in artificial food patches (giving-up densities: GUDs) from two experiments. In the first experiment, we placed patches in different microhabitat types (cover vs open) and at varying distances from cover. This experiment was conducted during three moon stages (waxing, full, waning). We found that the rodents had higher GUDs (lower foraging efficiency) in the open microhabitat. The distance from nearest shelter had a marginally significant positive effect on GUDs. GUDs were higher in both microhabitat types during the waxing and full phases, but decreased sharply once the moon began to rise after sunset. These results are likely due to higher predation risk away from cover and in more illuminated environments. In the second experiment, we examined mouse responses to seeds impregnated with plant toxins. Seeds impregnated with oxalic acid were avoided by the rodents, while seeds soaked in tannic acid did not differ significantly from control seeds. Our results highlight important ecological factors affecting the foraging behaviour of these rodents.
Significant decrease in nelfinavir systemic exposure after omeprazole coadministration in healthy subjects.

Study Objectives. To assess the effect of omeprazole on the multiple-dose (steady-state) pharmacokinetics and safety of nelfinavir, and to evaluate the safety and tolerability of nelfinavir when administered alone and with omeprazole. Design. Open-label, two-period, single-fixed-sequence study. Setting. Clinical research unit of a large, teaching hospital. Participants. Twenty healthy volunteers (mean age 26 ± 9 yrs, range 18–48 yrs). Intervention. Subjects received nelfinavir 1250 mg every 12 hours for 4 days (period 1). After a 7-day washout period, subjects were coadministered nelfinavir 1250 mg every 12 hours and omeprazole 40 mg every 24 hours for 4 days (period 2). Measurements and Main Results. The pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 were determined on day 4 of both periods. Plasma samples were assayed by a high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet method for nelfinavir and M8 concentrations, and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed by using analytical software. In the presence of omeprazole, nelfinavir area under the concentration-time curve over the dosing interval (AUCẗ), maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax), and minimum observed plasma concentration (Cmin) were reduced by an average of 36%, 37%, and 39%, respectively, relative to administration of nelfinavir alone. The AUCẗ, Cmax, and Cmin of M8 were reduced by an average of 92%, 89%, and 75%, respectively. The slopes of the terminal elimination phase of nelfinavir and M8 plasma concentration-time curves were similar between treatments. Nelfinavir was well tolerated when administered alone and when coadministered with omeprazole. Conclusion. The observed reduction in the systemic exposure to both nelfinavir and its active metabolite M8 after coadministration with omeprazole could result in loss of virologic control and potential emergence of drug resistance. Hence, omeprazole should not be coadministered to patients taking nelfinavir.
Do wetlands behave like shallow lakes in terms of phosphorus dynamics

The applicability of empirical relationships governing phosphorus (P) retention and nutrient assimilation in lakes and reservoirs was extended to include free surface water wetland treatment systems. Mixed reactor models have been used in lakes to predict steady state P concentration, characterize trophic state, compare P-dynamics, and predict permissible P-loading rates. Applying lake models to free surface water wetlands treatment systems, it was found that: sedimentation rates, loading rates, and settling velocity in these wetlands, and their typology are comparable to their lake counterparts. The analyses also suggest that phosphorus removal efficiency in a free surface water wetland treatment system is independent of trophic status, and similar to lakes, these wetlands can be classified according to their trophic state. Oligo-and eutrophic wetland treatment systems can be defined by low and high TP inflow concentrations, respectively. In this study, oligotrophic status is defined as systems receiving inflow P-loading less than 0.10 g m -2 year -1 , and their P inputs are mainly derived from agricultural and stormwater runoff. Eutrophic treatment systems, on the other hand, are defined as those receiving inflow P-loading higher than 0.20 g m -2 year -1 , and their inputs are mainly derived from industrial and municipal wastewater. The comparability found between lakes and free surface water wetlands treatment systems raises the question: should we consider these wetlands shallow lakes?.
On “Diagnosis of fall risk in Parkinson disease…” Dibble et al. Phys Ther. 2008;88:323–332.

Dibble et al1 have addressed an important question regarding the methods used for determining the risk for falling in patients with Parkinson disease. My reason for writing this letter is not to take issue with their methods and findings, but rather to raise a question about some of the terminology that was used. In this article, several terms and phrases were used that link the concept of risk with the concept of diagnosis—for example, “diagnosis of fall risk,” “fall risk diagnosis,” …
Singularities in gravity computation for vertical cylinders and prisms

SUMMARY An efficient formulation using conjugate complex variables is presented to compute the vertical gravity and its higher order derivatives for vertical cylindrical and prismatic bodies with uniform density at all points in space. The volume integrations over the bodies are reduced to line integrals around the bounding cross-sectional curves of the bodies. Residue theory and theory of singularities are used to treat the singularities in the integral formulae for computing gravity effects due to the bodies. The paper includes the considerations of the field point being inside, on the boundary or outside the bodies. Sample calculations are performed to obtain vertical gravity and its various gradient tensor elements for a vertical elliptic cylinder and a polygonal prism. The studies will be useful to simulate the gravity field effects due to mass disturbances caused by drilling and casing of a well bore in borehole gravimetry and gradiometry , and the quantitative interpretation of gravity
How Sustainable are Engineered Rivers in Arid Lands

Engineered rivers in arid lands play an important role in feeding the world’s growing population. Each continent has rivers that carry water from distant mountain sources to fertile soil downstream where rainfall is scarce. Over the course of the last century most rivers in arid lands have been equipped with large engineering structures that generate electric power and store water for agriculture and cities. This has changed the hydrology of the rivers. In this paper we discuss how climate variation, climate change, reservoir siltation, changes in land use and population growth will challenge the sustainability of engineered river systems over the course of the next few decades. We use the Rio Grande in North America, where we have worked with Mexican and American colleagues, to describe our methodology and results. Similar work is needed to study future water supply and demand in engineered rivers around the world.
Development of wafer-scale cooling/heating thermoelectric arrays using thin-film superlattice devices

Thin-film superlattice thermoelectric material was used to fabricate 2-inch wafer scale thermoelectric module arrays. These arrays employ a promising thermoelectric device technology that exhibits a significant enhancement in the thermoelectric device figure of merit (ZT) at 300 K, cooling/heating power densities in excess of 100 Watts/cm/sup 2/, and response times significantly faster than bulk devices. To power and characterize these devices, we have developed a high-speed computer controlled multi-channel power supply with integrated real-time infrared imaging. This system allows creation of individual temperature control profiles, and exploits the rapid response time of the thin-film device. Using this system, we demonstrate high-speed operation and compare the response times of bulk and thin-film devices in the same format. Finally, applications of thin-film thermoelectric arrays are considered.
Modernización del derecho mercantil. Uniformidad internacional y desarrollo económico

Numero 125 Mayo - Agosto 2009 ISSN 0041 8633 MODERNIZACION DEL DERECHO MERCANTIL. UNIFORMIDAD INTERNACIONAL Y DESARROLLO ECONOMICO * MODERNIZATION OF COMMERCIAL LAW. INTERNATIONAL UNIFORMITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Boris KOZOLCHYK ** Those commercial legal institutions that are being used uniformly throughout the trading world earn their universality by incorporating the best commercial practices. This article examines why the law of secured lending based on personal property collateral, a key contemporary commercial legal institution and tool for the economic development of countries such as Canada and the United States, among other nations, is likely to succeed in Guatemala and Honduras. It will also show why it will not succeed in Mexico and Peru, unless it is re-drafted and their underlying attitudes and practices are changed. Descriptors: modernization of commercial law, best practices, the law of secured lending, economic development. * El articulo fue recibido el 27 de octubre de 2008 y aceptado para su publicacion el 30 de enero de 2009. Traduccion de la doctora Mariana Silveira, directora de Investigaciones del NLCIFT, y del autor del original, "Modernization of Commercial Law: International Uniformity and Economic Development", para su publicacion en Brooklyn Journal of International Law , vol. 34, num. 3, verano de 2009. Agradezco a la licenciada Ana Cristina Castaneda su asistencia en la investigacion de este articulo. Todos los errores y omisiones son responsabilidad del autor. ** Profesor de derecho "Evo de Concini" en la Facultad de Derecho "James E. Rogers" de la Universidad de Arizona; fundador y presidente del National Law Center for Inter-American Free Trade (NLCIFT) en Tucson, Arizona. * Nota: Debido que la traduccion es automatica podra ser inexacta o contener errores.
More than Mickey Mouse: Do Court Clerks Run the Show? No, But a 'Deny' Can Easily Derail a Case

This short book review examines Sorcerers’ Apprentices: 100 Years of Law Clerks at the United States Supreme Court. The review questions the authors’ reliance on some provocative internal documents of the Court in extremely controversial cases as evidence of the role that law clerks play in the Court’s process of granting and deciding cases. The review also discusses several of the authors’ observations about the modern role of law clerks at the Court, including their involvement in the cert pool and the opinion writing process.
Modeling hydrophone array directivity effects for sonar system performance prediction

Directivity effects of large arrays are the result of array geometry and element directivity. Directivity index for a transmitter and array gain for a receiver are the directivity effects included in the sonar performance equations. Using models to predict directivity index and array gain is useful for performance analysis of conceptual arrays as well as existing arrays where measurements cannot be made readily or conveniently. Array gain reduces to directivity index for the case where ambient noise is isotropic. Arrays of directional elements are more difficult to model, except in the case where all elements in array have parallel principal axes whereby pattern multiplication can be applied. An example is presented of a large existing array whose vertical patterns and directivity index are not readily measurable. Directivity effects of this array are predicted using pattern multiplication with models for elements, array, and baffling. Models are validated using measured directivity patterns and directivity index is predicted over a frequency range of two decades to be used for performance analysis of conceptual sonar systems.
Intimate partner violence, depression, and resource availability among a community sample of hispanic women

This study investigated the relationships among resource availability, IPV, and depression among Hispanic community-dwelling women. The Vulnerable Population's Conceptual Framework (Flaskerud & Winslow, 1998) was used to conceptualize and test relationships among these variables. Cross-sectional questionnaires assessed resource availability (i.e., income, education, employment, insurance status, and self-esteem), depressive symptoms (CES-D), and intimate partner violence (IPV) by a current/recent partner. Linear and logistic regressions were conducted to explore relationship among variables. Although most of the relationships among resource availability, IPV, and depression supported the conceptual framework, the importance of incorporating additional cultural, relationship, and social factors are stressed.
Time varying stochastic channel modeling of wireless DS-CDMA ad-hoc networks using different mobility models

The time varying nodes mobility and environmental changes in traditional ad-hoc channel creates limitation in signal propagation. In this study, a stochastic dynamic ad-hoc channel model is introduced with state space representation to overcome these limitations. The model's parameters are computed from the approximation of Doppler spectrum. The performance of this stochastic ad-hoc direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-CDMA) wireless network in a flat fading channel is also investigated in this article. It is documented that the shape of the Doppler spectrum in a cellular network is considerably different than that of an ad-hoc network because of double mobility and speed. In this paper, the performance in terms of capacity and bit error rate (BER) under varying degrees of double mobility is demonstrated using simulation technique for stochastic ad-hoc model. As the degree of double mobility increases when the maximum Doppler shift is fixed, we observe that the capacity (number of users that can be supported) of DS-CDMA ad-hoc networks is higher than that of cellular networks because double mobility mitigates fading.
Delay in the Diagnosis of Stable Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis.

Introduction:Delays in the diagnosis of stable slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is common due to the vague symptomatology and the lack of awareness of this entity by healthcare providers. Delays in the diagnosis of this condition can lead to poor outcomes for the patients. This study was des
An Allelic Series of bak1 Mutations Differentially Alter bir1 Cell Death, Immune Response, Growth, and Root Development Phenotypes in Arabidopsis thaliana

Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) mediate cell-signaling pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana, including those controlling growth and development, immune response, and cell death. The RLK coreceptor BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE-1 (BAK1) partners with multiple ligand-binding RLKs and contributes to their signaling in diverse pathways. An additional RLK, BAK1-INTERACTING RECEPTOR-1 (BIR1), physically interacts with BAK1, and loss-of-function mutations in BIR1 display constitutive activation of cell death and immune response pathways and dwarfism and a reduction in lateral root number. Here we show that bir1 plants display defects in primary root growth, characterize bir1 lateral root defects, and analyze expression of BIR1 and BAK1 promoters within the root. Using an allelic series of bak1 mutations, we show that loss of BAK1 function in immune response pathways can partially suppress bir1 cell death, immune response, and lateral root phenotypes and that null bak1 alleles enhance bir1 primary root phenotypes. Based on our data, we propose a model in which BIR1 functions to regulate BAK1 participation in multiple pathways.
Origin of the C-induced p4g reconstruction of Ni(001)

First principles calculations of the geometric and electronic structures have been performed for two coverages (0.25 ML and 0.5 ML) of C on Ni(001) to understand the mechanism of the Ni(001) reconstruction induced by carbon adsorption. The calculated structural behavior of the system is in a good agreement with experimental observations. The calculated path and energetics of the $c(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)\ensuremath{-}p4g$ reconstruction in ${\mathrm{C}}_{0.5}∕\mathrm{Ni}(001)$ is provided. A dramatic reduction of the local electronic charge on adsorbed carbon is found to occur upon the reconstruction that decreases the electron-electron repulsion on C site. This effect together with the formation of covalent bonds between C and the second layer Ni atoms, leads to reconstruction of Ni(001).
A Lifetime of Memories: Raymond Kesner’s Contributions of the Attribute Model in Understanding Amnesia

Extensive research indicates that the hippocampus is crucial for the formation and use of memory in humans. Memory is extremely complex in terms of the kind of information that is represented in the brain, the processes associated with it, and its distribution across a variety of neural systems. While most investigators agree that the hippocampus is an essential neural structure involved in memory, debate remains regarding the exact information the hippocampus processes such as temporal, spatial, sensory (e.g., odors, objects, sounds, etc.), response, reward, linguistic, and relational information. In the context of the Attribute Model of Memory, this chapter will discuss the effects of hippocampal damage on memory in humans based on findings from behavioral and neuroimaging studies.
Differences in Gait Parameters between Non-Disabled and Intellectually Disabled Adults

There is little research available in the literature regarding the gait characteristics of adults with mental retardation (MR), despite this population's high propensity for falling. This study intends to provide a quantitative analysis of their gait patterns during normal walking in an effort to describe differences existing between this population and their non-disabled peers. Walking speed (SP), step length (SL), heel contact velocity (HCV), and required coefficient of friction (RCOFKE), are used to characterize unobstructed walking patterns. Knee and ankle joint angles are also used to compare postural differences between groups. ANOVA analysis revealed a significantly slower walking speed and significantly shorter step length for the MR group as compared with a group of healthy, age- and gender-matched peers. The MR group was also shown to have a lower RCOFKE than their healthy peers. By contrast, however, the MR group was found to have a significantly higher heel contact velocity. There were no sign...
Epidemiological characteristics in the prevalence of wasting in primary schools in Shanghai

Objective] To investigate the prevalence and distribution by gender and age of wasting in primary schools. [Methods] The data of weight and height of children were obtained from “the student health card" in 4 schools. Wasting was defined as 90% of ideal weight of weight for height. The incidence and distribution of wasting were analyzed by gender, school and grade. The χ 2 test was used to test the difference. [Results] The total incidence of wasting in 4 primary schools was 18.3%. The incidence in girls was 22.8%, higher than 13.9% in boys. The incidence of wasting in higher grades is higher than that in lower grades. The percentage of middle wasting increased with age. [Conclusion] The incidence of wasting in 4 primary schools was quite high, and the differences between gender and age in wasting prevalence were significant statistically.
Composition of the neutral lipids of bovine meilbomian secretions.

Lipids secreted from the bovine meibomian glands were assigned to the following classes: cholesteryl esters (A) (fatty acyl chain lengths from 15 to 27 carbon atoms), 41%; wax esters, 29%; triacylglycerols, 10%; and cholesteryl esters (B) (fatty acyl chain lengths from 14 to 18 carbons), 15%. The remaining 5% consisted of choles- terol, fatty acids, and highly polar material. Analysis of the lipids showed that only the cholesteryl esters (A) con- tained fatty acyl chains 2 Cz0:,. One-third of the fatty acyl chains of the wax esters and the cholesteryl esters (B) was iC15:o. The fatty alcohol moieties of the wax esters were found to be branched chain, Cz3:o-Cz7:o. A computer- based programmable gas-liquid chromatographic pro- cedure using 10% apolar 10C on Gas Chrom Q could be used to distinguish both is0 and anteis0 fatty alcohols and esters of fatty acids. The oily secretions of the meibomian glands are a major constituent of the precorneal tear film. These glands, located at the upper and lower margins of the eyelid, secrete materials that are thought to be responsible for the lubrication between the lid mar- gin and the cornea and that act as a hydrophobic barrier preventing evaporation of water from the tear film (1). The oils from the human meibomian glands are composed mainly of nonpolar lipids, principally cholesteryl esters and wax esters (2, 3), but they also appear to contain a surface active component (4). Analysis of the composition of the principal ester fraction from human meibomian secretions showed the major fatty acyl moieties to be nC18,1, UC~~:~, ic26:o and nC,,:,, while the major alcohols are cholesterol, ic26:0, nC2,:,, iC24:0, and nCZk0 (2). In this paper, we shall describe the characteriza- tion of bovine meibomian secretions. The principal nonpolar lipids, in particular the wax esters and cholesteryl esters, were separated by TLC and then the resulting fatty acyl and alcohol moieties were analyzed by GLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Lithium Toxicity Following Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Case Report

We are presenting the first documented case of lithium toxicity after vertical sleeve gastrectomy surgery in an 18 year-old female with psychiatric history of bipolar disorder who was treated with lithium. This case illustrates the need for closer monitoring of lithium levels following bariatric surgery. Both psychiatrists and surgeons should be aware of the potential risk of lithium toxicity following bariatric surgery, as well as the need to judiciously monitor lithium level and possibly adjust the dose of some medications.
Immature Stages of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from India. IV. Taxonomy and Biology of Three Species of Japanagromyza Sasakawa

AbstractThe descriptions of immature stages of three species of Japanagromyza Sasakawa viz. Japanagromyza elaeagni (Sasakawa), Japanagromyza indica Ipe and J. variihalterata (Malloch) are given. Notes on their biology and distribution are also added.
Oxytocin receptors are expressed on dopamine and glutamate neurons in the mouse ventral tegmental area that project to nucleus accumbens and other mesolimbic targets

The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) circuitry determines which behaviors are positively reinforcing and therefore should be encoded in the memory to become a part of the behavioral repertoire. Natural reinforcers, like food and sex, activate this pathway, thereby increasing the likelihood of further consummatory, social, and sexual behaviors. Oxytocin (OT) has been implicated in mediating natural reward and OT-synthesizing neurons project to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc); however, direct neuroanatomical evidence of OT regulation of DA neurons within the VTA is sparse. To phenotype OT-receptor (OTR) expressing neurons originating within the VTA, we delivered Cre-inducible adeno-associated virus that drives the expression of fluorescent marker into the VTA of male mice that had Cre-recombinase driven by OTR gene expression. OTR-expressing VTA neurons project to NAc, prefrontal cortex, the extended amygdala, and other forebrain regions but less than 10% of these OTR-expressing neurons were identified as DA neurons (defined by tyrosine hydroxylase colocalization). Instead, almost 50% of OTR-expressing cells in the VTA were glutamate (GLU) neurons, as indicated by expression of mRNA for the vesicular GLU transporter (vGluT). About one-third of OTR-expressing VTA neurons did not colocalize with either DA or GLU phenotypic markers. Thus, OTR expression by VTA neurons implicates that OT regulation of reward circuitry is more complex than a direct action on DA neurotransmission. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1094-1108, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Personalized facial attractiveness prediction

We present a fully automatic approach to learning the personal facial attractiveness preferences of individual users directly from example images. The target application is computer assisted search of partners in online dating services. The proposed approach is based on the use of epsiv-SVMs to learn a regression function that maps low level image features onto attractiveness ratings. We present empirical results based on a dataset of images collected from a large online dating site. Our system achieved correlations of up to 0.45 (Pearson correlation) on the attractiveness predictions for individual users. We show evidence that the approach learned not just a universal sense of attraction shared by multiple users, but capitalized on the preferences of individual subjects. Our results are promising and could already be used to facilitate the personalized search of partners in online dating.
A Prospective Comparison of Intraluminal and Extraluminal Placement of the 9-French Arndt Bronchial Blocker in Adult Thoracic Surgery Patients.

Objective To compare the standard intraluminal approach with the placement of the 9-French Arndt endobronchial blocker with an extraluminal approach by measuring the time to positioning and other relevant intraoperative and postoperative parameters. Design A prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Setting University hospital. Participants The study comprised 41 patients (20 intraluminal, 21 extraluminal) undergoing thoracic surgery. Intervention: Placement of a 9-French Arndt bronchial blocker either intraluminally or extraluminally. Comparisons between the 2 groups included the following: (1) time for initial placement, (2) quality of isolation at 1-hour intervals during one-lung ventilation, (3) number of repositionings during one-lung ventilation, and (4) presence or absence of a sore throat on postoperative days 1 and 2 and, if present, its severity. Measurements and Main Results Median time to placement (min:sec) in the extraluminal group was statistically faster at 2:42 compared with 6:24 in the intraluminal group (p 0.05), and 1 blocker ultimately had to be replaced intraoperatively. No differences in the incidence or severity of sore throat postoperatively were observed. Conclusions A statistically significant reduction in time to placement using the extraluminal approach without any differences in the rate of postoperative sore throat was observed. Whether placed intraluminally or extraluminally, a significant percentage of Arndt endobronchial blockers required at least one intraoperative repositioning.
Coping with Childhood Peer Rejection

Childhood peer rejection has received a great deal of attention in developmental psychopathology and intervention research over the past 10 years. Interest in this phenomenon stems from evidence that childhood peer rejection is related to a variety of negative outcomes in adolescence and adulthood (Kupersmidt, Coie, & Dodge, 1990; Parker & Asher, 1987). Although we have a good understanding of both the outcomes of childhood peer rejection as well as the behaviors that lead children to be rejected by their peers (Coie, Dodge, & Kupersmidt, 1990), much less attention has been focused on the experience of childhood peer rejection and how children cope with being rejected by their peers. We know that rejected children in general are subjected to more aversive interpersonal interactions in school than nonrejected children (Boivin, Cote, & Dion, 1991; Perry, Kusel, & Perry, 1989), and we know that at least some rejected children report experiencing significant amounts of distress with regard to their low peer status (Asher, Hymel, & Renshaw, 1984; Asher, Parkhurst, Hymel, & Williams, 1990; Asher & Wheeler, 1985; Parkhurst & Asher, 1992). Thus, the experience of peer rejection appears to be a stressful one; however, there are currently no studies in the literature that conceptualize peer rejection in a stress and coping framework. There are probably several reasons for this.
Abstract 155: Long-term Aortic Root Dilation in Kawasaki Disease with Coronary Aneurysm

Introduction: Aortic root dilation is a known finding in the acute/subacute phase of Kawasaki disease (KD). These changes may be inflammatory and related to the degree of coronary artery (CA) dilat...
Databases for the Functional Analyses of Olfactory Receptors

The olfactory receptors constitute over 1000 genes, making it the largest family in the genome. The completion of the human and mouse genomes presents a tremendous challenge to understanding the odor ligand affinities of these receptors and their relation to odor processing in the olfactory system. We describe briefly the practical use of a set of databases in the SenseLab project (http://senselab.med.yale.edu/) that is devoted to this problem. Olfactory Receptor Database (ORDB) archives almost 2000 sequences, and provides tools for their analysis by type. OdorDB stores data about the structures of odor molecules and their affinities for different olfactory receptors, as established by studies in expression systems. Odor simulation gives rise to odor maps in the olfactory bulb which is believed to be a basis for odor discrimination. OdorMapDB provides a site for integration of data from odor mapping studies by different methods. These databases thus enable students and researchers to integrate molecular analysis of olfactory receptors with the functional organization of the olfactory system to understand the neural basis of the sense of smell.