crystalhe/wiktionary-zh-en-ja-ko huggingface dataset:
river (English, noun)
Forms: form: river
raw_tags: Singular
form: rivers
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈrɪvə/
tags: UK
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈrɪvɚ/
tags: US
tags: US
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: A channel of water.
raw_tags: countable
examples: We go swimming in the river.
The river bends there.
glosses: A lot of something.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: He won a river of votes.
hard (English, adj)
Forms: form: hard
tags: positive
form: harder
tags: comparative
form: hardest
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: tags: UK
ipa: /hɑːd/
tags: UK
tags: US
ipa: /hɑrd/
tags: US
tags: US
homophones: heart
glosses: If something is hard, it is not soft.
examples: I kicked the wall and hurt my foot. The wall is hard.
glosses: If something is hard, it takes a lot of work to do or understand.
examples: Only two people passed the test because it was so hard.
glosses: If something is hard, it is sudden and sharp.
examples: He took a hard hit to his arm.
glosses: If a drink is hard, it is strong.
examples: Hard liquor
glosses: If something is hard, it cannot be questioned; it is not questionable.
examples: Hard evidence
glosses: If someone is hard, they are severe; they are unfriendly.
hard (English, adv)
Forms: form: hard
tags: positive
form: –
tags: comparative
form: Superlative–
Pronunciation: tags: UK
ipa: /hɑːd/
tags: UK
tags: US
ipa: /hɑrd/
tags: US
tags: US
homophones: heart
glosses: If something is done hard, it is done with a lot of effort.
examples: He works hard, all day and all night.
hard (English, noun)
Forms: form: hard
raw_tags: Singular
form: hards
tags: plural
Pronunciation: tags: UK
ipa: /hɑːd/
tags: UK
tags: US
ipa: /hɑrd/
tags: US
tags: US
homophones: heart
glosses: A hard is a beach or slope that is firm that is a good place to take a boat out of the water.
raw_tags: countable
nautical
mist (English, noun)
Forms: form: mist
raw_tags: Singular
form: mists
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /mɪst/
tags: US
homophones: missed
glosses: Water vapor that you can see.
examples: There was a mist over the water.
synonyms: water vapor
past (English, noun)
Forms: form: past
raw_tags: Singular
form: pasts
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɑːst/
tags: US
homophones: passed
glosses: A time before now.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: In the past, many years ago, I was a good doctor.
Stuff in the past is a lot different than it is now.
synonyms: history
antonyms: future
present
glosses: Past means the past tense.
raw_tags: grammar
past (English, adj)
Forms: form: past
tags: positive
form: –
tags: comparative
form: –
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɑːst/
tags: US
homophones: passed
glosses: done
examples: The harvest is past. It finished in October.
synonyms: over
done
finished
early
late
antonyms: incomplete
unfinished
past (English, prep)
Forms: form: past
raw_tags: Preposition
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɑːst/
tags: US
homophones: passed
glosses: by; beside
examples: I watched as he walked past the museum window from north to south.
synonyms: by
beside
political (English, adj)
Forms: form: political
tags: positive
form: more political
tags: comparative
form: most political
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/
tags: US
glosses: Something is political if it is related to politics.
examples: He supports the Democratic political party.
antonyms: apolitical
nonpolitical
prison (English, noun)
Forms: form: prison
raw_tags: Singular
form: prisons
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈprɪzən/
tags: US
glosses: A place for people who break the law.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Her brother is in prison.
synonyms: jail
penitentiary
glosses: A place you cannot escape from.
examples: He is in a prison of his own mind.
synonyms: confinement
antonyms: freedom
liberty
punishment (English, noun)
Forms: form: punishment
raw_tags: Singular
form: punishments
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/
tags: US
glosses: A punishment is a response to bad actions; it is used to try to stop another bad action.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: Punishment is hard to accept.
His punishments were financial and verbal.
synonyms: penalty
antonyms: reward
award
prize
sand (English, noun)
Forms: form: sand
raw_tags: Singular
form: sands
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /sænd/
tags: US
glosses: Grains of rock that make beaches and deserts.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: In the summer, Jane goes to the beach, lies on the sand and listens to the waves.
glosses: A sand is a singular grain of sand.
raw_tags: countable
sand (English, verb)
Forms: form: sand
tags: canonical
form: sands
tags: third-person
singular
form: sanded
tags: past
form: sanded
tags: past
participle
form: sanding
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /sænd/
tags: US
glosses: If you sand wood, you rub rough paper on it to make it smooth.
examples: I sand the wood until it is nice and smooth.
seat (English, noun)
Forms: form: seat
raw_tags: Singular
form: seats
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /siːt/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: A seat is something to sit on.
examples: Pull up a seat and sit down.
synonyms: chair
glosses: The seat is a part of the clothes covering the buttocks.
examples: The seat of your pants is muddy.
synonyms: rear
back
glosses: Seat is where something is, at the centre of things.
examples: The town was the county seat, where the county council met.
Canberra is the seat of the Australian Government.
seat (English, verb)
Forms: form: seat
tags: canonical
form: seats
tags: third-person
singular
form: seated
tags: past
form: seated
tags: past
participle
form: seating
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /siːt/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: To seat is to help someone sit down.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: Follow me. I will seat you near the stage.
I will pull out your chair to seat you.
size (English, noun)
Forms: form: size
raw_tags: Singular
form: sizes
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /saɪz/
tags: US
glosses: How big or small a thing is.
examples: These shirts come in four sizes: small, medium, large, and extra large.
size (English, verb)
Forms: form: size
tags: canonical
form: sizes
tags: third-person
singular
form: sized
tags: past
form: sized
tags: past
participle
form: sizing
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /saɪz/
tags: US
glosses: To measure the size of.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: They sized him for a new suit. His shoulders measured 25 inches across.
effect (English, noun)
Forms: form: effect
raw_tags: Singular
form: effects
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈfɛkt/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: An effect is something that is caused by something else.
examples: His comments had a visible effect on those who heard it.
The effect of the change was small.
synonyms: result
antonyms: cause
glosses: If a law, agreement, change, etc. takes effect, it officially begins.
examples: The closing of the company takes effect at midnight.
The new rules have been in effect since January.
glosses: A sound effect is a way to make a sound for a performance artificially.
examples: The used a lot of normal materials to create the sound effects for the show.
glosses: A special effect is a way to make an image for a performance artificially.
examples: They didn't really cut his hand off, but the special effect made it look real.
effect (English, verb)
Forms: form: effect
tags: canonical
form: effects
tags: third-person
singular
form: effected
tags: past
form: effected
tags: past
participle
form: effecting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈfɛkt/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: If you effect a change, you make it happen.
examples: I will effect the change without your help.
synonyms: cause
make
produce
impulse (English, noun)
Forms: form: impulse
raw_tags: Singular
form: impulses
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪmpʌls/
tags: US
glosses: A desire to do something.
examples: The impulse to learn led me to study day and night.
synonyms: desire
glosses: A thrust; a push; a sudden force.
examples: Pushing an object gives it an impulse.
glosses: The effect (integral) of force over time.
raw_tags: physics
examples: The total impulse from the impact will depend on the kinetic energy of the bullet.
synonyms: force
graduate (English, verb)
Forms: form: graduate
tags: canonical
form: graduates
tags: third-person
singular
form: graduated
tags: past
form: graduated
tags: past
participle
form: graduating
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈgrædjueɪt/
tags: UK
poses: verb
tags: UK
poses: verb
tags: US
poses: verb
ipa: /ˈgrædʒueɪt/
tags: US
poses: verb
tags: US
poses: verb
tags: UK
poses: verb
glosses: If you graduate you get a degree or diploma from a school or university.
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
examples: Tom graduated from Yale University in 2006.
glosses: If you graduate, you change to a new level of skill or activity.
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
examples: After learning to do front flips, Sally graduated to learning back flips.
glosses: To arrange or divide into categories or groups
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
glosses: To divide into intervals, especially for use in measurement
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
graduate (English, noun)
Forms: form: graduate
raw_tags: Singular
form: graduates
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈgrædjuət/
tags: UK
poses: noun
tags: UK
poses: noun
tags: US
poses: noun
ipa: /ˈgrædʒuɪt/
tags: US
poses: noun
tags: US
poses: noun
tags: UK
poses: noun
glosses: A graduate is someone who has graduated (usually from a school or university).
raw_tags: countable
examples: Tom is a graduate of Yale University.
glosses: A graduated container, such as a cylinder or beaker.
impartial (English, adj)
Forms: form: impartial
tags: positive
form: more impartial
tags: comparative
form: most impartial
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpɑr.ʃəl/
tags: UK
glosses: Treating all others equally.
examples: A good teacher must be impartial.
synonyms: fair
antonyms: partial
unfair
partial (English, adj)
Forms: form: partial
tags: positive
form: more partial
tags: comparative
form: most partial
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɑrʃəl/
tags: US
ipa: /ˈpɑːʃəl/
tags: UK
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: A partial list, solution, payment etc. is just a part of the whole and not complete.
examples: The dinner was only a partial success – everyone loved the dessert, but nobody liked the soup.
synonyms: incomplete
antonyms: complete
glosses: If you are partial to something, you like it.
examples: I'm rather partial to a beer or two on Friday nights.
synonyms: for
fond
antonyms: against
glosses: If you are partial, you treat people or things differently, unfairly preferring one to another.
examples: The students accused the teacher of being partial in her grading.
synonyms: biased
antonyms: impartial
shoulder (English, noun)
Forms: form: shoulder
raw_tags: Singular
form: shoulders
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃəʊldə/
tags: UK
tags: UK
tags: US
ipa: /ˈʃoʊldɚ/
tags: US
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: The part of the body where an arm attaches or joins.
glosses: The side of the road. It can be used to stop on in emergencies.
examples: He stopped the car on the shoulder of the highway to change the flat tire.
shoulder (English, verb)
Forms: form: shoulder
tags: canonical
form: shoulders
tags: third-person
singular
form: shouldered
tags: past
form: shouldered
tags: past
participle
form: shouldering
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃəʊldə/
tags: UK
tags: UK
tags: US
ipa: /ˈʃoʊldɚ/
tags: US
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: To push something or someone out of the way using one's shoulder.
examples: He shouldered his way in through the crowd.
glosses: To carry some weight on one's shoulders, literally or figuratively.
examples: The task was hard, but she shouldered it as best she could.
sequence (English, noun)
Forms: form: sequence
raw_tags: Singular
form: sequences
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsikwəns/
tags: US
glosses: A sequence is a set of things in a specific order.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The sequence of feelings is: anger followed by sadness and finally calm.
We read through several lines in sequence, but I kept missing my turn.
Unless the data is sent in the correct sequence, it will not be usable.
I read the books out of sequence, so I got confused.
glosses: A sequence is a part of a movie or a story.
raw_tags: countable
examples: In this sequence, you'll hear him tell her what really happened.
sequence (English, verb)
Forms: form: sequence
tags: canonical
form: sequences
tags: third-person
singular
form: sequenced
tags: past
form: sequenced
tags: past
participle
form: sequencing
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsikwəns/
tags: US
glosses: :
 This short entry needs someone to make it better. You can help Wiktionary by adding to it.
correspond (English, verb)
Forms: form: correspond
tags: canonical
form: corresponds
tags: third-person
singular
form: corresponded
tags: past
form: corresponded
tags: past
participle
form: corresponding
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkɔrəˈspɑnd/
tags: US
ipa: /ˌkɒrəˈspɒnd/
tags: UK
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: If x corresponds to y, there is a close relationship between x and y.
raw_tags: intransitive
examples: The current situation in Sri Lanka corresponds closely to the situation in Thailand in 1982.
Check that this number corresponds with the one on the document.
glosses: If two people correspond, they write letters to each other.
raw_tags: intransitive
examples: She corresponded with him for three years before they finally met in 1917.
difficult (English, adj)
Forms: form: difficult
tags: positive
form: more difficult
tags: comparative
form: most difficult
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈdɪfɪkʌlt/
tags: US
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: When something is difficult, it is not easy.
examples: It'll be difficult to get him to change his mind; he's really stubborn.
It's more difficult to learn another language when you're older than when you're young.
The most difficult thing I've ever had to do was get over my fear of flying.
dispute (English, noun)
Forms: form: dispute
raw_tags: Singular
form: disputes
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪsˈpjuːt/
tags: US
glosses: A dispute is an argument or disagreement which continues over a period of time. A dispute may escalate into violence, or it may be a long verbal and legal struggle.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The taxi driver and the passenger had a dispute over the fee. (here the word argument might be used instead)
India and Pakistan have a dispute over Kasmir.
dispute (English, verb)
Forms: form: dispute
tags: canonical
form: disputes
tags: third-person
singular
form: disputed
tags: past
form: disputed
tags: past
participle
form: disputing
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪsˈpjuːt/
tags: US
glosses: To argue against something; to discuss or debate.
examples: He disputed what she said, claiming she was lying
glosses: To fight against; to resist.
exception (English, noun)
Forms: form: exception
raw_tags: Singular
form: exceptions
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /əkˈsɛpʃən/
tags: US
glosses: The act of excepting or excluding.
synonyms: exclusion
glosses: Something that is taken out from others; something said to be distinct or not included.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Almost every rule has its exceptions.
explanation (English, noun)
Forms: form: explanation
raw_tags: Singular
form: explanations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/
tags: US
glosses: An explanation is the words used to tell somebody how to do something or the reason for something.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The explanation was long and drawn-out.
synonyms: account
glosses: An explanation is the cause of something.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The explanation for his bad mood was a lack of sleep.
synonyms: reason
faith (English, noun)
Forms: form: faith
raw_tags: Singular
form: faiths
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /feɪθ/
tags: US
glosses: Faith is the belief that something is true without proof.
raw_tags: uncountable
glosses: A faith is a system of religious belief.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Hinduism is a faith.
fragment (English, noun)
Forms: form: fragment
raw_tags: Singular
form: fragments
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfræɡmənt/
poses: noun
tags: UK
poses: noun
glosses: A portion or part of something
raw_tags: countable
examples: The glass broke into hundreds of fragments.
fragment (English, verb)
Forms: form: fragment
tags: canonical
form: fragments
tags: third-person
singular
form: fragmented
tags: past
form: fragmented
tags: past
participle
form: fragmenting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /fræɡˈmɛnt/
poses: verb
tags: UK
poses: verb
tags: UK
poses: verb
glosses: To break or cause to be broken into pieces
revenge (English, noun)
Forms: form: revenge
raw_tags: Singular
form: revenges
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /rəˈvɛnd͡ʒ/
ipa: /rəˈvendʒ/
tags: Australia
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: Revenge is the act of hurting someone because they have hurt you.
raw_tags: uncountable
revenge (English, verb)
Forms: form: revenge
tags: canonical
form: revenges
tags: third-person
singular
form: revenged
tags: past
form: revenged
tags: past
participle
form: revenging
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /rəˈvɛnd͡ʒ/
ipa: /rəˈvendʒ/
tags: Australia
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: If you revenge yourself on someone, you hurt them because they have hurt you.
raw_tags: transitive
comprehension (English, noun)
Forms: form: comprehension
raw_tags: Singular
form: comprehensions
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɒmprɪˈhɛnʃn̩/
tags: UK
ipa: /kɑmprɪˈhɛnʃn̩/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: Comprehension is the understanding of the meaning or importance of something.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: Reading comprehension questions are often on tests in schools.
target (English, noun)
Forms: form: target
raw_tags: Singular
form: targets
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɑrɡɪt/
tags: US
ipa: /tɑːɡɪt/
tags: UK
tags: US
tags: Australia
glosses: A target is an area to shoot at. It is usually used for practice or to test the accuracy of a gun.
raw_tags: countable
glosses: A target is a goal or objective.
raw_tags: countable
examples: We didn't hit our sales targets this week.
antonyms: source
target (English, verb)
Forms: form: target
tags: canonical
form: targets
tags: third-person
singular
form: targeted
tags: past
form: targeted
tags: past
participle
form: targeting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɑrɡɪt/
tags: US
ipa: /tɑːɡɪt/
tags: UK
tags: US
tags: Australia
glosses: To target is to aim at something, usually with a gun.
front (English, noun)
Forms: form: front
raw_tags: Singular
form: fronts
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /frʌnt/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: Opposite of back.
glosses: The side of something that faces the direction it normally moves.
glosses: The side of a building with the building's main entrance.
glosses: In meteorology, the area where cold and warm air meet. When they meet it often causes rain to form.
glosses: In military usage:
The direction of the enemy.
glosses: In military usage:
An area where armies are fighting.
front (English, adj)
Forms: form: front
tags: positive
form: –
tags: comparative
form: –
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /frʌnt/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: Located at or near the front.
examples: When leaving the house, it is important to lock the front door.
front (English, verb)
Forms: form: front
tags: canonical
form: fronts
tags: third-person
singular
form: fronted
tags: past
form: fronted
tags: past
participle
form: fronting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /frʌnt/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: To lead a group.
examples: The singer Bono fronts the band U2.
glosses: To give something to someone before they can pay for it.
examples: Since Tom did not have any money, Bill fronted him dinner and Tom paid him back the next day.
maximum (English, noun)
Forms: form: maximum
raw_tags: Singular
form: maximums
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmæksɪməm/
tags: UK
tags: Australia
glosses: A maximum is the largest or highest value or amount.
examples: The maximum number of people we can accept is 25.
They pay $50 a day up to a maximum of $300 per week.
antonyms: minimum
circumstance (English, noun)
Forms: form: circumstance
raw_tags: Singular
form: circumstances
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɜːkəmst(ə)ns/
raw_tags: New-Zealand
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈsɝ.kəm.ˌstæns/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: The circumstances surrounding an action or event includes all the information that helps you understand the action or event.
raw_tags: countable
usually plural
examples: Though war is a terrible thing, it is necessary under certain circumstances.
Given the circumstances, I think we need to be flexible.
glosses: Circumstance is the events that affect you but that you cannot control.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: We hadn't planned it, but we ended up together by circumstance.
hollow (English, adj)
Forms: form: hollow
tags: positive
form: hollower
tags: comparative
form: hollowest
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɒl.əʊ/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈhɑ.loʊ/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: If something has nothing inside of it, it is hollow.
examples: The box is hollow.
glosses: If the inside of a tree or log has rotted away so the middle is empty, it is hollow.
examples: The rabbit ran through the hollow log.
glosses: Lacking enthusiasm or cheer
examples: "He let out a hollow laugh"
hollow (English, verb)
Forms: form: hollow
tags: canonical
form: hollows
tags: third-person
singular
form: hollowed
tags: past
form: hollowed
tags: past
participle
form: hollowing
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɒl.əʊ/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈhɑ.loʊ/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: If you hollow out something, you make a hole in it.
raw_tags: transitive
synonyms: excavate
music (English, noun)
Forms: form: music
raw_tags: Singular
form: musics
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmjuːzɪk/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈmjuzɪk/
tags: US
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: Sounds that are played on musical instruments or sung with a certain rhythm and harmony, and forming melodies.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: You cannot make any music with this trumpet, it is broken.
glosses: Written rules on how to play a piece of music, also called sheet music.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: This book has the lyrics and the music to many children songs.
glosses: Anything that sounds nice or interesting.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: The music of the wind reached his ear.
Your words are music to my ears.
considerable (English, adj)
Forms: form: considerable
tags: positive
form: more considerable
tags: comparative
form: most considerable
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /kənˈsɪdərəbl/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: A considerable amount, time, degree, etc. is a fairly large or important one.
examples: He had given it a considerable amount of thought before deciding.
Many part-time farmers traveled considerable distances each day to their work.
The time needed to do it properly is considerable.
corporate (English, adj)
Forms: form: corporate
tags: positive
form: more corporate
tags: comparative
form: most corporate
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɔr.pər.ət/
tags: US
ipa: /ˈkɔː.pə.rət/
tags: UK
tags: UK
glosses: Corporate finance, planning, management, etc. is related to business or a company.
raw_tags: usually before a noun
examples: We have accounts for both individual and corporate clients.
There is a big difference between local managers and corporate leaders.
There is a trend in large corporate structures to remove layers of management.
corporation (English, noun)
Forms: form: corporation
raw_tags: Singular
form: corporations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /'kɔːpoˈreɪʃn/
tags: US
glosses: A corporation is a large company or a group of companies that work together.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation is Canada's national radio and TV broadcaster.
The funding will come from government, schools, individuals and corporations.
synonyms: company
firm
business
interaction (English, noun)
Forms: form: interaction
raw_tags: Singular
form: interactions
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪntərˈækʃən/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: An interaction is when two or more things affect each other or work together.
examples: Poor health can harm older people's participation in everyday life and social interaction.
It is necessary to understand the interactions between the plant and its surroundings.
She should have a lot of interaction with other students, or with the teacher.
contribution (English, noun)
Forms: form: contribution
raw_tags: Singular
form: contributions
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkɑntrɪˈbjuʃən/
tags: US
ipa: /ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃən/
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: A contribution is something that you give or add.
examples: Technology to reduce pollution could make a significant contribution to the solution.
Some of his most important early contributions were his detailed descriptions and illustrations.
Their contribution in October has been revised down from £300million to the same level.
glosses: The money you give to someone, especially for a donation, is your contribution.
glosses: The amount of work you did on a project.
examples: His contribution was very low. He did almost nothing.
immigration (English, noun)
Forms: form: immigration
raw_tags: Singular
form: immigrations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃən/
tags: US
ipa: /ɪmɪˈɡreɪʃn/
tags: UK
tags: UK
glosses: Immigration is the movement of people or animals into an area, usually a country.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: Immigration from the Caribbean makes up only 2 per cent of all immigrants.
The government wants to tighten immigration controls, but it does not want to be seen as anti-foreign.
In 1924 US legislation effectively placed a ban on Japanese immigration.
component (English, noun)
Forms: form: component
raw_tags: Singular
form: components
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /kʌmˈpoʊnənt/
tags: US
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: A component is one part that connects to other parts.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Some components may be cleaned by methods different to those used on the main body.
The main component of any budget will be the cost of staff.
The main components of the package are shown again in Fig 14.
Throughout the world, oxygen increasingly became a major component of the atmosphere.
The components of healthy diet are exercising, not just fasting and balancing nutrients in the meal.
synonyms: element
constituent
part
piece
constraint (English, noun)
Forms: form: constraint
raw_tags: Singular
form: constraints
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /kənˈstreɪnt/
tags: Australia
glosses: A constraint is a limit.
examples: Perhaps the main constraint is lack of money.
Financial constraints have forced hospitals to treat more patients more rapidly.
In the Middle East, there are often tight constraints on women's activities.
synonyms: restriction
restraint
limit
emphasis (English, noun)
Forms: form: emphasis
raw_tags: Singular
form: emphases
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /'ɛmfəsɪs/
tags: US
glosses: Emphasis is the giving of particular attention or importance to something.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: Microsoft has placed great emphasis on its Windows software programme.
He's a very kind man and always good to me,' she said with more emphasis.
synonyms: stress
scheme (English, noun)
Forms: form: scheme
raw_tags: Singular
form: schemes
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /skiːm/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: A scheme is a plan, sometimes a bad or dishonest one.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The new training scheme will be targeted at recent graduates.
Employees still participate in the company's pension scheme during the duration of their break.
The management had various schemes to control the workers.
The color scheme for the bedroom is blue and white.
synonyms: program
scheme (English, verb)
Forms: form: scheme
tags: canonical
form: schemes
tags: third-person
singular
form: schemed
tags: past
form: schemed
tags: past
participle
form: scheming
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /skiːm/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: If you scheme against someone, you make an evil plan against someone.
layer (English, noun)
Forms: form: layer
raw_tags: Singular
form: layers
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /leɪə/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈleɪ.ɚ/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: A layer is a covering material or substance.
raw_tags: countable
examples: When we got up in the morning, everything was covered by a thin layer of snow.
The cream forms a germ-fighting layer over the skin.
How many layers of clothing do you have to wear in the winter?
glosses: A layer is a level in an organisation.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The company is trying to reduce the number of management layers.
glosses: A layer is a person who lays something, (e.g., carpet, bricks, etc.).
raw_tags: countable
glosses: A layer is a chicken kept to lay eggs.
raw_tags: countable
layer (English, verb)
Forms: form: layer
tags: canonical
form: layers
tags: third-person
singular
form: layered
tags: past
form: layered
tags: past
participle
form: layering
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /leɪə/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈleɪ.ɚ/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: If you layer something, you make layers.
examples: Layer the pasta in an ovenproof dish with the tomatoes, bacon and peas, seasoning each layer.
volume (English, noun)
Forms: form: volume
raw_tags: Singular
form: volumes
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /vɒljuːm/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: The volume of sound or music is how loud it is.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: Teens listening to their MP3 players at high volume can damage their hearing.
Hey! Turn down the volume. It's too loud.
glosses: The volume of something is the amount of it.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: The traffic volume on Ontario highways jumped 12% last year.
The story usually experiences a high customer volume around Christmas.
glosses: The volume of a material or a container is the amount of space it takes.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The volume of water of a typical shower is about 43 litres.
Use of newer cars can reduce the volume of CO₂ produced.
glosses: A volume is a book, magazine, or other printed material, usually part of a series.
raw_tags: countable
examples: He has published a second volume of autobiography, in which he deals with his years as a student.
The research can be found in the most recent volume of The Canadian Journal of Language and Linguistics.
document (English, noun)
Forms: form: document
raw_tags: Singular
form: documents
tags: plural
Pronunciation: tags: UK
poses: noun
ipa: /ˈdɒkjʊmənt/
tags: UK
poses: noun
tags: US
poses: noun
ipa: /ˈdɑkjʊmənt/
tags: US
poses: noun
tags: US
glosses: A document is a written record, often official.
raw_tags: countable
examples: They stopped her at the airport and checked all her documents.
A number of Chinese documents from 1000 BCE were recently discovered.
On March 28, 1990, the government published a document listing the companies which it intended to privatize.
glosses: A document is a kind of computer text file.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Can you send me that document by e-mail or fax?
We should be able to edit your document using MS Word.
document (English, verb)
Forms: form: document
tags: canonical
form: documents
tags: third-person
singular
form: documented
tags: past
form: documented
tags: past
participle
form: documenting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: tags: UK
poses: verb
ipa: /ˈdɒkjʊmɛnt/
tags: UK
poses: verb
tags: US
poses: verb
ipa: /ˈdɑkjʊmɛnt/
tags: US
poses: verb
tags: US
glosses: If you document something, you make a record of it, usually in writing.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: It's important for newspaper reporters to be there to document the war.
We have documented number cases in which he has broken company policy.
register (English, verb)
Forms: form: register
tags: canonical
form: registers
tags: third-person
singular
form: registered
tags: past
form: registered
tags: past
participle
form: registering
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈrɛdʒ.ɪs.tə/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈrɛdʒ.ɪs.tɚ/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: If you register someone or something, you put their name on a list.
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
examples: I haven't registered for September classes yet.
Please take a moment to register your software with the company.
Our dog is registered with the city.
glosses: If you register a complaint, protest, etc. you make your opinion known formally.
raw_tags: transitive
glosses: If something doesn't register, you don't notice it.
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
examples: I knew I had something else on, but I guess it just didn't register when I made the appointment.
glosses: If a measuring instrument registers a value, it shows that value.
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
examples: The thermometer registered 42.5°.
The change was so small that it didn't register.
register (English, noun)
Forms: form: register
raw_tags: Singular
form: registers
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈrɛdʒ.ɪs.tə/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈrɛdʒ.ɪs.tɚ/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: A register is an official list of names.
raw_tags: countable
examples: On voting day, I found my name was not on the register and I couldn't vote.
The government is reviewing the national register of births, deaths, and marriages.
glosses: A register is a particular style of language used by a certain group of people or in certain situations.
raw_tags: linguistics
examples: Speeches are usually given in a very formal, almost written register.
glosses: A register is a particular range of notes.
raw_tags: countable
music
examples: The piano plays arpeggi in higher registers, accompanying the clarinet that plays the melody in full-blooded lower middle registers.
glosses: A cash register is a machine in a shop that calculates total payment and holds money.
raw_tags: countable
core (English, noun)
Forms: form: core
raw_tags: Singular
form: cores
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɔː/
tags: UK
tags: UK
ipa: /kɔɚ/
tags: US
tags: US
tags: US
homophones: corps
glosses: The core is the centre part of something.
raw_tags: countable
examples: I bit into the apple core and spit out the seeds.
The ideas in it still form the core of the government's economic plan.
A core group of fans follow the team to every game.
I was shaken to the core when I heard the terrible news.
core (English, verb)
Forms: form: core
tags: canonical
form: cores
tags: third-person
singular
form: cored
tags: past
form: cored
tags: past
participle
form: coring
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɔː/
tags: UK
tags: UK
ipa: /kɔɚ/
tags: US
tags: US
tags: US
homophones: corps
glosses: If you core something, you remove the centre from it.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: lemon juice • 4 eating apples, peeled, halved and cored • 1 tbsp of...
proof (English, noun)
Forms: form: proof
raw_tags: Singular
form: proofs
tags: plural
Pronunciation: tags: Canada
UK
ipa: /pruːf/
tags: Canada
UK
tags: US
ipa: /pruf/
tags: US
tags: Australia
ipa: /prʉːf/
tags: Australia
tags: US
glosses: Proof is evidence which shows something is correct.
examples: He has proof that he was not at the crime scene. A witness says that they were somewhere else.
glosses: A proof can show how a theorem is correct.
raw_tags: mathematics
cookie (English, noun)
Forms: form: cookie
raw_tags: Singular
form: cookies
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkʊki/
tags: Australia
glosses: A cookie is a small baked cake. It is usually round and flat. Cookies are sweet.
raw_tags: countable
examples: When I want to have something sweet, I'll usually eat a cookie.
glosses: A cookie is data that is put on and read from your computer by a website.
raw_tags: countable
computing
examples: The website stored a cookie on my computer so I could keep playing my game from where I stopped.
salt (English, noun)
Forms: form: salt
raw_tags: Singular
form: salts
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɑlt/
tags: US
ipa: /sɒlt/
tags: UK
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: Salt is a strong-tasting white powder used to improve the flavor of food or to preserve it. Salt is made from sodium and chlorine (chemical formula: NaCl).
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: I added salt to my food.
salt (English, verb)
Forms: form: salt
tags: canonical
form: salts
tags: third-person
singular
form: salted
tags: past
form: salted
tags: past
participle
form: salting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɑlt/
tags: US
ipa: /sɒlt/
tags: UK
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: When you salt something, you add salt to it.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: Please help me salt the fish for tonight's dinner.
chin (English, noun)
Forms: form: chin
raw_tags: Singular
form: chins
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʃɪn/
tags: US
glosses: The chin is the lowest part of the face. It is the point of the jaw and the part of the face where beards grow.
raw_tags: countable
examples: My chin is below my mouth.
digestion (English, noun)
Forms: form: digestion
raw_tags: Singular
form: digestions
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /daɪˈdʒɛstʃən/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: Digestion is what happens to food once it is eaten. It changes the food into substances your body can use.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: Eating fruits and vegetables is good for your digestion.
glass (English, noun)
Forms: form: glass
raw_tags: Singular
form: glasses
tags: plural
Pronunciation: tags: UK
ipa: /ɡlɑːs/
tags: UK
tags: Canada
US
ipa: /ɡlæs/
tags: Canada
US
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: Glass is a transparent solid and is usually clear. Windows and eyeglasses are made from it, as well as drinking glasses.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: Through the window glass I could see the trees bend in the wind, but I was warm indoors.
glosses: A glass is a drinking cup with no handle.
raw_tags: countable
examples: As soon as I finished drinking, he filled up my glass again.
overall (English, adj)
Forms: form: overall
tags: positive
form: –
tags: comparative
form: –
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈəʊvərɔːl/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: An overall effect, strategy, picture, etc., is one that covers everything but may not go into detail.
raw_tags: usually before a noun
examples: The play has many Christian elements, but the overall effect is not necessarily Christian.
synonyms: total
general
antonyms: partial
individual
overall (English, adv)
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈəʊvərɔːl/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: If you look at something overall, you look at the whole of it.
examples: Despite losing a few games, the team achieved greater successes overall than in previous years.
Overall the book works well.
Fewer people came out locally, but there was an overall greater response at a national level.
antonyms: partially
individually
overall (English, noun)
Forms: form: overall
raw_tags: Singular
form: overalls
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈəʊvərɔːl/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: An overall is a large, loose protective coat.
tags: UK
raw_tags: countable
glosses: Overalls are pants with a front that comes up to your chest and straps over your shoulders.
tags: US
raw_tags: plural only
synonyms: coveralls
dungarees
glosses: Overalls are a loose protective trouser and shirt in one.
tags: UK
raw_tags: plural only
synonyms: coveralls
dungarees
emerge (English, verb)
Forms: form: emerge
tags: canonical
form: emerges
tags: third-person
singular
form: emerged
tags: past
form: emerged
tags: past
participle
form: emerging
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /iˈmɝd͡ʒ/
tags: US
ipa: /iˈmɜːd͡ʒ/
tags: UK
tags: UK
glosses: If you emerge, you come out of something.
raw_tags: intransitive
examples: Black, who was wanted by police, emerged from hiding yesterday.
glosses: If a pattern or picture emerges, it becomes clear.
raw_tags: intransitive
examples: It was only many months afterwards that a complete picture began to emerge of what had happened.
Details of the operation to remove the boat people are now emerging.
regime (English, noun)
Forms: form: regime
raw_tags: Singular
form: regimes
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /rəˈʒiːm/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: A regime is a government, especially a bad or illegal one.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Washington ended rule by the Taliban and established a new client regime in Afghanistan.
Questions about how Jews had been treated under the Nazi regime troubled him after he had settled in Germany.
glosses: A regime is a plan or system.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Under Labour's new tax regime, families will be worse off.
hence (English, prep)
Forms: form: hence
raw_tags: Preposition
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɛns/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: for this reason
examples: You are the government and hence have responsibility for this mess.
glosses: from now
examples: We shall meet again two months hence.
implementation (English, noun)
Forms: form: implementation
raw_tags: Singular
form: implementations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən/
tags: US
ipa: /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃn/
tags: UK
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: Implementation is the process or result of putting a plan into action.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: Full implementation of the debt relief plans would remove up to US$6 billion from outstanding debt.
implement (English, verb)
Forms: form: implement
tags: canonical
form: implements
tags: third-person
singular
form: implemented
tags: past
form: implemented
tags: past
participle
form: implementing
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪmpləmˈent/
poses: verb
glosses: If you implement a plan, you put it into action; you do it.
examples: To reduce poverty, it is essential for the government to fully implement the new education policy.
implement (English, noun)
Forms: form: implement
raw_tags: Singular
form: implements
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪmpləmənt/
poses: noun
tags: US
poses: noun
glosses: An implement is a tool, usually a hand tool (e.g., a shovel).
examples: The garage held all sorts of items – lamps, bicycle frames, farm and garden implements and dozens of other things.
rule (English, noun)
Forms: form: rule
raw_tags: Singular
form: rules
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ruːl/
tags: UK
US
tags: US
glosses: A rule is a statement that tells whether you might get spanked for master baiting in class. If something is right or wrong.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Peter picked up the football, which was against the rules, so the other team got a throw-in.
synonyms: law
policy
guideline
standard
glosses: A king's rule is the time he controls the country.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: The next king had a very short rule: only two years.
synonyms: reign
glosses: A rule is another name for a ruler, a measuring device.
raw_tags: countable
synonyms: ruler
rule (English, verb)
Forms: form: rule
tags: canonical
form: rules
tags: third-person
singular
form: ruled
tags: past
form: ruled
tags: past
participle
form: ruling
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ruːl/
tags: UK
US
tags: US
glosses: When someone rules, he or she is in charge, like a king or queen.
examples: The king has ruled for 33 years.
synonyms: control
govern
reign
antonyms: serve
light (English, noun)
Forms: form: light
raw_tags: Singular
form: lights
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /laɪt/
tags: US
tags: UK
homophones: lite
glosses: The energy that our eyes sense is light.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: And dance by the light of the moon.—Buffalo Gals, American folksong
synonyms: photon
energy
antonyms: darkness
blackness
glosses: If someone talks about a light, he or she means something bright that can be seen.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The lights of the city shine all over the valley.
When you leave the room, turn off the light.
synonyms: lamp
bulb
antonyms: shadow
light (English, adj)
Forms: form: light
tags: positive
form: lighter
tags: comparative
form: lightest
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /laɪt/
tags: US
tags: UK
homophones: lite
glosses: Something that is light in color is close to white.
examples: The morning sky was very light.
synonyms: pale
clear
bright
faded
antonyms: dark
shadowy
deep
glosses: Something that is light in weight does not weigh much.
examples: I lifted her easily because she was so light.
antonyms: heavy
glosses: Light may also mean that something is not serious.
examples: The light bruise on my leg didn't hurt much.
I enjoy light comedy, where lots of funny things happen.
synonyms: unimportant
trivial
antonyms: serious
grave
light (English, verb)
Forms: form: lighted
tags: past
form: lighted
tags: past
participle
form: light
tags: canonical
form: lights
tags: third-person
singular
form: lit
tags: past
form: lit
tags: past
participle
form: lighting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /laɪt/
tags: US
tags: UK
homophones: lite
glosses: If someone lights a fire, the fire starts to burn.
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
examples: Let's light the wood in the fireplace.
The match lit and I could see around me.
glosses: Something that lights a place makes it less dark.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: The moon lighted the forest path.
wife (English, noun)
Forms: form: wife
raw_tags: Singular
form: wives
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /waɪf/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: A married woman.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Bill just married his second wife.
synonyms: spouse
antonyms: husband
village (English, noun)
Forms: form: village
raw_tags: Singular
form: villages
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɪlədʒ/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: A village is a very small town.
examples: He lives in a village in the middle of nowhere.
synonyms: hamlet
town
one-horse town
antonyms: city
ever (English, adv)
Forms: form: ever
tags: positive
form: –
tags: comparative
form: Superlative–
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛvə/
tags: UK
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈɛvɚ/
tags: US
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: If I ask you if you have ever been to France, I am asking if you have been to France at any time in your life.
examples: Have you ever met a king or queen?
glosses: Ever may also mean always.
examples: I will love you forever and ever.
example (English, noun)
Forms: form: example
raw_tags: Singular
form: examples
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪɡˈzɑːmpl̩/
tags: UK
ipa: /ɪɡˈzæmpl̩/
tags: US
ipa: /əɡˈzæmpl̩/
tags: Australia
US
ipa: /ɘɡˈzɐːmpɯ/
raw_tags: New-Zealand
tags: US
glosses: If you give an example of something, you name one of that type of thing.
examples: A baseball, a softball, a football, and a soccer ball are examples of balls.
synonyms: representative
glosses: An example is a model of what something else of the same type should be like.
examples: Look at the example of a model airplane to see how your model airplane should be built.
synonyms: model
experience (English, noun)
Forms: form: experience
raw_tags: Singular
form: experiences
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪkˈspɪə.ri.ens/
ipa: /ɪksˈpɪriəns/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: An experience is an event that happens to you or that you are a part of.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The spelling bee was a horrible experience.
synonyms: happening
occurrence
event
glosses: Experience is the amount of time you have been doing something (especially, a job).
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: He has ten years of experience in law.
antonyms: inexperience
experience (English, verb)
Forms: form: experience
tags: canonical
form: experiences
tags: third-person
singular
form: experienced
tags: past
form: experienced
tags: past
participle
form: experiencing
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪkˈspɪə.ri.ens/
ipa: /ɪksˈpɪriəns/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: If I experience something, it happens to me or I am involved in it.
examples: We are experiencing technical difficulties.
We will never experience poverty because we are so rich.
synonyms: go through
happen
occur