crystalhe/wiktionary-zh-en-ja-ko huggingface dataset:
hierarchical (English, adj)
Forms: form: hierarchical
tags: positive
form: more hierarchical
tags: comparative
form: most hierarchical
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌhaɪərˈɑːkɪkəl/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˌhaɪˈrɑːrkɪkəl/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: If something is hierarchical, it has levels, with higher levels being larger, more important, more powerful, etc.
examples: The rules show the hierarchical structure of the company.
The society was rigidly hierarchical with priests, nobles and slaves, and a highly organised army.
comprehensive (English, adj)
Forms: form: comprehensive
tags: positive
form: more comprehensive
tags: comparative
form: most comprehensive
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkɒm.prɪˈhɛn.sɪv/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˌkɑːm.prəˈhɛn.sɪv/
tags: US
tags: US
tags: Australia
glosses: If something is comprehensive, it includes everything that is related.
examples: The book includes the most comprehensive list of existing government programs.
This chapter is not intended to provide a detailed and comprehensive documentation of the aids available in the UK.
synonyms: thorough
antonyms: limited
restricted
mode (English, noun)
Forms: form: mode
raw_tags: Singular
form: modes
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /məʊd/
tags: UK
tags: UK
ipa: /moʊd/
tags: US
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: A mode is a specific way of doing something.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The study combines two different research modes: oral history and written history.
The machine is in warm-up mode right now.
A modern city offers many different modes of transport from bicycle lanes to high speed trains.
Modern medicine must be seen as part of the capitalist mode of production.
There is a difference in English between casual and formal modes of speech.
glosses: A mode is a fashion or style.
raw_tags: countable
examples: She was always dressed in the latest mode.
glosses: A mode is a specific type or form of something.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Heat is a mode of energy transfer, like work, not a substance or other seawater property.
glosses: A mode is specific a kind scale.
raw_tags: countable
music
examples: The Mixolydian mode is a good way for inducing a bluesey kind of mood.
glosses: The mode is the number that occurs most often in a group of numbers.
raw_tags: countable
statistics
examples: In a normal distribution, with large sets, the mean, median and mode will typically be the same value.
glosses: A mode is specific a kind of clause that shows how the speaker feels about it. Modes show whether something is true, probably true, a wish, etc. Usually called mood.
raw_tags: countable
grammar
examples: In Finnish, for example, the conditional mode is used both in the main clause and the subordinate.
glosses: The mode of a rock is the different minerals in it.
raw_tags: countable
geology
glosses: A mode is a specific pattern of wave movement.
raw_tags: countable
physics
examples: Under normal circumstances, there is no coupling between the two modes, which have different propagation constants.
differentiation (English, noun)
Forms: form: differentiation
raw_tags: Singular
form: differentiations
tags: plural
glosses: Differentiation finding or showing the differences between things.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: In the shop, there was no differentiation between product from Asia and product from Europe.
glosses: Differentiation is the process of becoming or making something different.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: As the cells grow and divide, differentiation takes place. You can begin to see some as muscle cells, some as blood cells, etc.
glosses: Differentiation is acting different towards different people or situations.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: Schools tend to have little formal curricular differentiation between the sexes, except in physical education.
glosses: Differentiation is the process of obtaining the derivative of a function.
raw_tags: uncountable
mathematics
eliminate (English, verb)
Forms: form: eliminate
tags: canonical
form: eliminates
tags: third-person
singular
form: eliminated
tags: past
form: eliminated
tags: past
participle
form: eliminating
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪ'lɪməneɪt/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: Australia
glosses: If you eliminate something, you make it go away or disappear, or you kill it.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: The recent fixes have eliminated the problems we were having.
Canada was eliminated in the first round of the world cup.
He was at risk of being eliminated by the other gang members.
priority (English, noun)
Forms: form: priority
raw_tags: Singular
form: priorities
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /praɪˈɒrɨti/
tags: UK
tags: US
ipa: /praɪˈɔrɪ̈ti/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: A priority is something that is important; you want to do it first or spend more time or money on it than other things.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Learning the language is a high priority for all people who move to the country.
The nineteen national priority areas will receive 70 per cent of the funding.
glosses: If something has or is given priority, it should go before other things.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: The Government needs to give a higher priority to the quality of life.
Teachers need to give priority to science over less important subjects.
ideology (English, noun)
Forms: form: ideology
raw_tags: Singular
form: ideologies
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /aɪ.di.ˈɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/
tags: US
ipa: /ˌaɪ.diːˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒiː/
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: An ideology is the set of beliefs behind a movement, religion, political group, etc.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: Schools reflect clearly the dominant political ideologies of their countries.
For many years the ideology of the Catholic church had a crushing effect on science.
foundation (English, noun)
Forms: form: foundation
raw_tags: Singular
form: foundations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: The foundation of something is the basic ideas or work behind it.
raw_tags: countable
examples: These early inventions laid the foundations of modern radio technology.
Her education gave her a solid foundation in all the major subjects.
glosses: The foundation of a building is the solid base that is under it and that supports it.
raw_tags: countable
examples: They dug solid foundations, spending a lot of time pouring concrete into four pits.
glosses: A foundation is an organisation that collects money to do good things.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The Open Software Foundation has opened up laboratories to test software.
glosses: The foundation of a group, business, country, etc. is the act of starting it.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: The company has double in size every year since its foundation.
glosses: Foundation is the first layer of cream or makeup.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: Dot the foundation over the face-on the nose, the cheeks, the chin and spread working from the face outwards.
depravity (English, noun)
Forms: form: depravity
raw_tags: Singular
form: depravities
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /dəˈprævɪti/
tags: US
glosses: The state or condition of being depraved; moral debasement.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: He was a very bad man, lost in depravity.
glosses: A very bad act or trait.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Susan's depravity was her husband's murder.
glosses: Evil that is part of human nature, contamination by sin.
raw_tags: uncountable
Christianity
examples: Our depravity is the result of Adam's fall.
synonyms: wickedness
evil
ductile (English, adj)
Forms: form: ductile
tags: positive
form: more ductile
tags: comparative
form: most ductile
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdʌk.taɪl/
tags: UK
US
tags: UK
glosses: If something is ductile, it can be stretched into wire, usually metal.
glosses: If something is ductile, it can easily be molded into a new shape.
glosses: If someone is ductile, they are easily lead; they are prone to follow.
raw_tags: rare
adaptation (English, noun)
Forms: form: adaptation
raw_tags: Singular
form: adaptations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/
tags: US
glosses: An adaptation is a change to fit a different situation or the result of that change, especially when a story goes from book to TV or movie.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The new film adaptation of the classic book Little Women is quite wonderful.
He is also disabled and requires special adaptations to his home.
glosses: Adaptation is the process of changing to fit a different situation.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: These products undergo a constant process of change and adaptation.
edible (English, adj)
Forms: form: edible
tags: positive
form: more edible
tags: comparative
form: most edible
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛdɪbəl/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈɛdəbəl/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: Something is called edible if it can be eaten by humans and animals without danger to their health.
examples: These mushrooms are edible.
edible (English, noun)
Forms: form: edible
raw_tags: Singular
form: edibles
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛdɪbəl/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈɛdəbəl/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: An edible is something that you can eat.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The apple is an edible.
quotation (English, noun)
Forms: form: quotation
raw_tags: Singular
form: quotations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /kwoʊˈteɪʃən/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: A quotation is a sentence or phrase that was said by someone and is now being used or referred to by somebody else. Quotations can be from books, movies, speeches, television shows, songs, etc.
raw_tags: countable
examples: This chapter began with a quotation from Monica Furlong.
Consider the following quotation from the Bible: Job 16:18: "O earth, cover not thou my blood."
glosses: Quotation is the act of using somebody else's exact words.
raw_tags: uncountable
glosses: A quotation is a report of the cost or value of something.
raw_tags: countable
commerce
quote (English, verb)
Forms: form: quote
tags: canonical
form: quotes
tags: third-person
singular
form: quoted
tags: past
form: quoted
tags: past
participle
form: quoting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /kwəʊt/
tags: US
glosses: To use someone's exact words.
examples: Did he quote me in the newspaper?
quote (English, noun)
Forms: form: quote
raw_tags: Singular
form: quotes
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /kwəʊt/
tags: US
glosses: A quote is somebody's exact words used by somebody else.
raw_tags: countable
examples: In the following quote, a young woman describes her experience with drugs.
I might also include a quote from Shakespeare: "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players".
glosses: A quote is a report of the cost or value of something.
raw_tags: countable
commerce
absent (English, adj)
Forms: form: absent
tags: positive
form: –
tags: comparative
form: –
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: poses: adjective
ipa: /ˈæbsənt/
poses: adjective
poses: adjective
tags: US
poses: adjective
tags: UK
poses: adjective
glosses: If something is absent, it means to be not in a place or missing.
examples: John is absent from school today.
absent (English, verb)
Forms: form: absent
tags: canonical
form: absents
tags: third-person
singular
form: absented
tags: past
form: absented
tags: past
participle
form: absenting
tags: present
participle
glosses: When you absent yourself from something, you do not turn up for it and not appear.
examples: John absented himself from the meeting as he had something on.
synonyms: excuse
absent (English, prep)
Forms: form: absent
raw_tags: Preposition
Pronunciation: poses: preposition
ipa: /æbˈsɛnt/
poses: preposition
poses: preposition
glosses: Absent means without or barring.
examples: Absent any problems, we should be finished in two hours.
effective (English, adj)
Forms: form: effective
tags: positive
form: more effective
tags: comparative
form: most effective
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈfɛktɪv/
tags: US
glosses: An effective strategy, treatment, method, etc is one that works well as planned.
examples: Teachers are using instructional strategies that are most effective in helping students learn.
synonyms: useful
successful
helpful
antonyms: ineffective
glosses: If you have effective command, consent, control, etc., you have it in practice but not officially.
examples: The students had effective control over what the teacher would include on the test.
synonyms: practical
unofficial
implied
glosses: If a law, agreement, change, etc. becomes effective, it officially begins.
examples: The new rules about ball size are effective next season.
effective (English, prep)
Forms: form: effective
raw_tags: Preposition
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈfɛktɪv/
tags: US
glosses: You use effective to tell when something starts officially.
examples: Effective next week, all employees will wear the new uniform.
synonyms: as of
preliminary (English, adj)
Forms: form: preliminary
tags: positive
form: more preliminary
tags: comparative
form: most preliminary
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: tags: US
ipa: /prɪˈlɪmɪnɛri/
tags: US
tags: UK
ipa: /prɪˈlɪmɪnəri/
tags: UK
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: If something is preliminary, it is a preparation for a main matter.
preliminary (English, noun)
Forms: form: preliminary
raw_tags: Singular
form: preliminaries
tags: plural
Pronunciation: tags: US
ipa: /prɪˈlɪmɪnɛri/
tags: US
tags: UK
ipa: /prɪˈlɪmɪnəri/
tags: UK
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: A preliminary is a preparation for a main matter.
raw_tags: countable
preliminary (English, prep)
Forms: form: preliminary
raw_tags: Preposition
Pronunciation: tags: US
ipa: /prɪˈlɪmɪnɛri/
tags: US
tags: UK
ipa: /prɪˈlɪmɪnəri/
tags: UK
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: before
examples: Preliminary to the main discussions, perhaps we could introduce ourselves.
regardless (English, prep)
Forms: form: regardless
raw_tags: Preposition
Pronunciation: ipa: /rɪˈɡɑrd.lɪs/
tags: US
ipa: /rɪˈɡɑːd.lɪs/
tags: UK
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: If x happens regardless of y, y does not change x.
examples: She left, regardless of him asking her to stay.
contrary (English, prep)
Forms: form: contrary
raw_tags: Preposition
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɒntrəri/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈkɑntrɛri/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: If an act or idea is contrary to something, it is against it.
examples: The president's actions are contrary to the constitution and therefore illegal.
glosses: You use contrary to x when x is different from the truth.
examples: Contrary to popular belief, the oil companies cannot control the price of crude.
What she told me was contrary to everything I had ever heard.
Contrary to popular myth, women are not worse drivers than men.
contrary (English, adj)
Forms: form: contrary
tags: positive
form: more contrary
tags: comparative
form: most contrary
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɒntrəri/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈkɑntrɛri/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: A contrary view, sentence, etc. is opposite to other ones.
examples: The contrary view is that these kind of projects are a waste of money.
The only thoughts he had were contrary ones.
glosses: A contrary person tries to be different from other people or does not often agree with others.
glosses: The contrary is the opposite of an idea, sentence, etc.
examples: It is best to believe people are good, at least until the contrary is shown.
This is not necessarily bad; on the contrary, it is sometimes quite useful.
successive (English, adj)
Forms: form: successive
tags: positive
form: –
tags: comparative
form: –
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /səkˈsɛsɪv/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: Successive things follow in order, one after another.
examples: Successive governments have refused to make the changes.
Edward Kawak won in four successive years (1982–1985).
Cancers were developing at younger and younger ages with each successive generation in each family.
synonyms: consecutive
following
subsequent
later
innovation (English, noun)
Forms: form: innovation
raw_tags: Singular
form: innovations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/
tags: UK
glosses: Innovation is the process of making something new and original.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: Our company has stayed in the lead largely by encouraging innovation.
glosses: An innovation is something new and original.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The number of technical innovations is growing at a faster and faster rate.
prohibit (English, verb)
Forms: form: prohibit
tags: canonical
form: prohibits
tags: third-person
singular
form: prohibited
tags: past
form: prohibited
tags: past
participle
form: prohibiting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /prəˈhɪbɪt/
tags: UK
ipa: /proʊˈhɪbɪt/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: If you prohibit something, you say that it must not be done.
examples: The laws were changed to prohibit the use of certain tools.
Company policy is to prohibit dogs from entering the store.
glosses: If x prohibits y, y is not possible because of x.
examples: The use of a password prohibits access to outsiders.
isolate (English, verb)
Forms: form: isolate
tags: canonical
form: isolates
tags: third-person
singular
form: isolated
tags: past
form: isolated
tags: past
participle
form: isolating
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaɪsəleɪt/
poses: verb
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: If you isolate something, you make it so that it does not or cannot contact certain other things.
examples: We want to isolate ourselves from everyday worries.
The prisoner was isolated to protect him from attack.
Britain is isolated from the rest of Europe by the Channel.
isolate (English, noun)
Forms: form: isolate
raw_tags: Singular
form: isolates
tags: plural
Pronunciation: raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
ipa: /ˈaɪsələt/
poses: noun
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: An isolate is something that does not or cannot contact certain other things.
raw_tags: countable
examples: A total of 296 isolates were recovered from 105 patients, 79 (75%) of whom were infected with mycobacteria.
glosses: An isolate is a language that has no known relatives.
raw_tags: linguistics
isolated (English, verb)
Forms: form: isolate
tags: canonical
form: isolates
tags: third-person
singular
form: isolated
tags: past
form: isolated
tags: past
participle
form: isolating
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: If you isolate something, you make it so that it does not or cannot contact certain other things.
examples: We went to isolate ourselves from everyday worries.
The prisoner was isolated to protect him from attack.
Britain is isolated from the rest of Europe by the Channel.
isolated (English, adj)
Forms: form: isolated
tags: positive
form: more isolated
tags: comparative
form: most isolated
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: If something is isolated it is alone.
examples: As she got older and her friends moved away, she became more and more isolated.
problem (English, noun)
Forms: form: problem
raw_tags: Singular
form: problems
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /prɒbləm/
tags: US
glosses: A problem is something that is difficult to do, understand, or believe.
raw_tags: countable
examples: If you have a problems with the computer, I can probably help.
You should see your doctor if you think you have a health problem.
This book tells you how to deal with drinking problems.
If you are regularly late, it can cause problems.
Today, we are concerned with some serious problems with the product.
I solved the problem by replacing a broken part.
It's a good idea to discuss your problems with a friend.
Problems like these arise from a lack of care.
We've identified a number of problem areas that need to be looked at.
glosses: A problem is a question on a test.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Most students got the right answer for the first problem.
glosses: You say "no problem" to agree to do something.
examples: "Could you open the door for me?" "Sure, no problem!"
glosses: You say "no problem" after somebody thanks you or apologises to you.
examples: "Thank you so much for all your help." "No problem! Any time!"
eat (English, verb)
Forms: form: eat
tags: canonical
form: eats
tags: third-person
singular
form: ate
tags: past
form: eaten
tags: past
participle
form: eating
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /iːt/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: If you eat something, usually food, you put it in your mouth, chew it, and swallow it.
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
examples: I always eat too much good when it's Thanksgiving.
My 2 year old accidentally ate chalk that she found on the table.
glosses: If you eat the cost of something, you pay for it.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: The supplier will have to eat the cost of returning the goods.
glosses: If you eat someone, you give them sex with your mouth (oral sex)
raw_tags: taboo
sarcasm (English, noun)
Forms: form: sarcasm
raw_tags: Singular
form: sarcasms
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɑːrˌkæzəm/
tags: US
glosses: Humor that is not serious but is meant to mimic. Saying something you don't mean, to be funny or to make someone feel bad.
examples: "No, I don't want any food, I'm just standing here holding an empty plate to make my fingers stronger," he said with sarcasm.
think (English, verb)
Forms: form: think
tags: canonical
form: thinks
tags: third-person
singular
form: thought
tags: past
form: thought
tags: past
participle
form: thinking
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /θɪŋk/
tags: US
glosses: If you think that something is or may be true, you feel that it is or may be true.
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
examples: You know you can't do that. What were you thinking?
Some people think this is a good idea, but I don't think so.
I think the best thing to do now is to go home.
I just thought you might want some coffee.
I really think you should stop seeing her.
What do you think about the new teacher?
Vancouver is thought to be a good place to live.
I think he's a doctor.
I think she wants us to go that way.
I thought I saw something.
"Is this right?" "I think so."
glosses: If you think about something, you use your mind to give it your attention.
raw_tags: intransitive
examples: "What's the best way?" "I'm not sure. Let me think."
All day I was thinking about my sister in Lisbon.
I don't want to think about that right now.
Just think how nice it will be when we're finished.
glosses: You use think when you have words or ideas in your mind without saying them out loud.
raw_tags: intransitive
examples: "It's no good," she thought.
glosses: You use think in suggestions and requests.
raw_tags: intransitive
examples: I was thinking we could go out tonight.
Do you think you could help me here?
glosses: If you don't think to do something, you don't remember to do it.
raw_tags: intransitive
examples: I didn't think to ask her.
I can't think where my keys are.
think (English, noun)
Forms: form: think
raw_tags: Singular
form: thinks
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /θɪŋk/
tags: US
glosses: If you say you'll have a think about something, it means you'll give it your attention.
highlight (English, verb)
Forms: form: highlight
tags: canonical
form: highlights
tags: third-person
singular
form: highlighted
tags: past
form: highlighted
tags: past
participle
form: highlighting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhaɪ.ˌlaɪt/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: If you highlight something, you make it more noticeable or obvious.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: I usually use a pen to highlight the important section in my textbook.
Let me just highlight this point since many people misunderstand it.
glosses: If you highlight your hair, you make some parts a lighter colour.
raw_tags: transitive
highlight (English, noun)
Forms: form: highlight
raw_tags: Singular
form: highlights
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhaɪ.ˌlaɪt/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: A highlight is a particularly good part.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The chicken was the highlight of the dinner, just amazing.
I didn't see the game, but I watched the highlights on the news.
glosses: A highlight is a light-coloured area.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The shirt was blue with yellow highlights.
inspection (English, noun)
Forms: form: inspection
raw_tags: Singular
form: inspections
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈspɛkʃən/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: An inspection is a careful look at something, usually for problems.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: Before the flight, the pilot did a complete inspection of the airplane.
It seemed that he had not been paid, but upon closer inspection it was found that he had indeed.
An inspection of the prison was planned for next week.
termination (English, noun)
Forms: form: termination
raw_tags: Singular
form: terminations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɚmɪˈneɪʃən/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: Termination is the act of ending something.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: We will continue to do business in Asia after termination of the Japan program.
glosses: The termination is the end point, time or limit of something.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: Three years after the termination of war in 1945, France was fighting another war in Indo-China.
glosses: Termination is when you lose your job.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: The company will cut costs through the termination of 150 employees.
glosses: Termination is the act of killing something.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: The group is against the termination of these sick babies.
glosses: A termination is a suffix or the end of a word.
raw_tags: countable
grammar
examples: The termination of a verb in the past tense is usually "ed".
displacement (English, noun)
Forms: form: displacement
raw_tags: Singular
form: displacements
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪsˈpleɪsmɪnt/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: Displacement is when something is made to move out of its place.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: The war has caused the displacement of tens of thousands of people.
The displacement of folk music by western pop music has happened in many countries.
glosses: Displacement is the amount of liquid or gas that is moved when something floats in it.
raw_tags: uncountable
physics
restraint (English, noun)
Forms: form: restraint
raw_tags: Singular
form: restraints
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /rɪˈstreɪnt/
tags: UK
glosses: Restraint is the quality people show when they don't do something they shouldn't do.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: You already ate too much cake. Now please show some restraint.
glosses: A restraint is a strap or other thing that holds a person in place, like a seatbelt in a car or handcuffs that the police use to hold someone.
raw_tags: countable
examples: A baby needs the right kind of restraint to ride safely in a car.
glosses: A restraint is something that stops people from doing something.
raw_tags: countable
examples: A legal restraint prevents him from going to meet his ex-girlfriend.
reinforce (English, verb)
Forms: form: reinforce
tags: canonical
form: reinforces
tags: third-person
singular
form: reinforced
tags: past
form: reinforced
tags: past
participle
form: reinforcing
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːs/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˌri.ɪnˈfɔrs/
tags: US
ipa: /ˌriː.ɪnˈfoːs/
tags: Australia
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: If you reinforce something, you make it stronger.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: Recent mistakes only reinforce the view that nobody cares.
Hitting a child can reinforce his tendency to use violence.
This meeting has helped to further reinforce the links between the colleges.
The steel is used to reinforce the building's walls.
The extra men will reinforce the army in Iraq.
synonyms: emphasise
emphasize
stress
highlight
antonyms: weaken
denote (English, verb)
Forms: form: denote
tags: canonical
form: denotes
tags: third-person
singular
form: denoted
tags: past
form: denoted
tags: past
participle
form: denoting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈnəʊt/
tags: UK
ipa: /dɪˈnoʊt/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: If x denotes y, x is a sign of or has the meaning of y.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: The term "sales mix" is used to denote the percentage of total sales of each product.
In this text, ungrammatical sentences are denoted by an asterisk (*).
offset (English, verb)
Forms: form: offset
tags: canonical
form: offsets
tags: third-person
singular
form: offset
tags: past
form: offset
tags: past
participle
form: offsetting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɑf.sɛt/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
ipa: /ɒfˈsɛt/
tags: UK
poses: verb
ipa: /ɑfˈsɛt/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: If x offsets y, the loss (because) of y is balanced by x.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: The school will provide limited scholarships to offset the cost of tuition.
Increases in efficiency partially offset the increased costs.
The few problems are more than offset by the relatively large number of successes.
glosses: If you offset x against y, you compare of contrast them.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: All this solid colour is offset by the tiny yellow green flowers.
glosses: The past tense and past participle of offset.
offset (English, noun)
Forms: form: offset
raw_tags: Singular
form: offsets
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒf.sɛt/
tags: UK
poses: noun
ipa: /ˈɑf.sɛt/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
ipa: /ɑfˈsɛt/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: An offset is something that balances (the loss of) something else.
raw_tags: countable
glosses: A particular way of printing where the ink moves from surface A to B and then from B to the final C.
raw_tags: uncountable
technical
glosses: The image produced by this kind of printing.
raw_tags: countable
technical
glosses: An offset is the distance that something moves away from where it is supposed to be or where it was.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
technical
obedience (English, noun)
Forms: form: obedience
raw_tags: Singular
form: obediences
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːdɪəns/
tags: UK
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: The act of obeying orders from others.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: Obedience is very important in any army.
glosses: behavior in which you do what good person, father, boss, teacher, tells you to do.
raw_tags: uncountable
cowardice (English, noun)
Forms: form: cowardice
raw_tags: Singular
form: cowardices
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkaʊədɪs/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈkaʊɚdɪs/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: Someone who shows cowardice is being afraid, not having courage, not doing something they should do because they are afraid.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: He showed cowardice when he ran away and left his friend to fight the other children.
antonyms: bravery
exploitation (English, noun)
Forms: form: exploitation
raw_tags: Singular
form: exploitations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɛksplɔɪˈteɪʃn̩/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: Exploitation is the use of something, usually for profit.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: The commercial exploitation of Alaska for oil could lead to serious environmental problems.
glosses: Exploitation is the use or treatment of someone unfairly.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: Today, most countries have laws against the exploitation of children in factories.
detect (English, verb)
Forms: form: detect
tags: canonical
form: detects
tags: third-person
singular
form: detected
tags: past
form: detected
tags: past
participle
form: detecting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈtɛkt/
tags: UK
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: If you detect something, you use your senses to find or notice it.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: Some insects can detect changes in temperature as small as 0.003 degrees Celsius.
These animals have a smell that even a human nose can easily detect.
The chemical has been detected in lakes and rivers, in fish and birds, and in human breast milk.
Our instruments are not sensitive enough to detect it.
abandon (English, verb)
Forms: form: abandon
tags: canonical
form: abandons
tags: third-person
singular
form: abandoned
tags: past
form: abandoned
tags: past
participle
form: abandoning
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈbændən/
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: If you abandon something, you go away from it with no plan to return.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: Many teens abandon all chances of a successful future when they drop out of school.
After much thought, they abandoned the idea as being too difficult.
The government abandons after-school programs when money is tight.
glosses: If you abandon something, you give up control of it.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: They danced wildly down the street, abandoning themselves to the night and the moon.
The woodcutter and his wife considered abandoning Hansel and Gretel in the forest.
abandon (English, noun)
Forms: form: abandon
raw_tags: Singular
form: –
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈbændən/
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: Abandon is a state where you do not control yourself.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: In these games, kids shoot and blow each other up with reckless abandon.
The man dove into the pool with reckless abandon.
RAM (English, abbrev)
Forms: form: RAM
raw_tags: Acronym
Pronunciation: ipa: /ræm/
raw_tags: electronics
tags: US
homophones: ram
glosses: RAM is the acronym for random access memory.
raw_tags: computing
random (English, adj)
Forms: form: random
tags: positive
form: more random
tags: comparative
form: most random
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈrændəm/
tags: US
glosses: If something is random, there is no purpose, reason, or pattern.
examples: I have to sit there like typing in random keywords to see if it's a keyword.
Why don't you get organised instead of just contacting random people.
glosses: If a process is random, every option has an equal chance of happening.
raw_tags: statistics
examples: 20 per cent of the random sample of the libraries were public in any normal sense of the word.
Banks use random numbers to make codes to keep your computer banking safe and secret.
revision (English, noun)
Forms: form: revision
raw_tags: Singular
form: revisions
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /rəˈvɪ.ʒ(ə)n/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: Australia
glosses: A revision is a change or edit a to language, a plan, etc.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: This book needs a lot of revision before it can be published.
She revised what she said so that she was not saying something bad about him.
The plan has undergone a number of complete revisions.
glosses: A revision is a piece of writing or plan that has changed or will change.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The software includes the latest revisions to the HTML standards.
glosses: In the UK, revision is the process of studying something again.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: I need to do more revision for the test.
virtually (English, adv)
Pronunciation: ipa: /'vəːtjʊəlɪ/
tags: US
glosses: Just about; almost but not quite
examples: Once you put it on, it is virtually impossible to remove.
Car theft became so common that private cars virtually disappeared from the area.
devote (English, verb)
Forms: form: devote
tags: canonical
form: devotes
tags: third-person
singular
form: devoted
tags: past
form: devoted
tags: past
participle
form: devoting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈvoʊt/
tags: US
ipa: /dɪˈvəʊt/
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: If someone devotes time or energy to something, they feel that it is important and they spend a lot of time or energy on it.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: I devoted ten years of my life to writing that book.
She decided to devote her life to nursing.
synonyms: commit
refine (English, verb)
Forms: form: refine
tags: canonical
form: refines
tags: third-person
singular
form: refined
tags: past
form: refined
tags: past
participle
form: refining
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /rɪˈfaɪn/
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: When someone refines something, they make it better.
examples: We need to refine our way of organizing this office.
glosses: When people refine a food or other thing, they make it purer.
examples: They take sugar cane and refine it to make white sugar.
insight (English, noun)
Forms: form: insight
raw_tags: Singular
form: insights
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪnsaɪt/
tags: US
glosses: A very good understanding of something; a clear idea about how something works.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: We need to get some insight into the causes of this problem.
I just had a flash of insight about why she does that.
synonyms: idea
violation (English, noun)
Forms: form: violation
raw_tags: Singular
form: violations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌvaɪɵˈleɪʃən/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: A violation of a rule is an act of breaking the rule: going past the limits of the rule.
raw_tags: countable & uncountable
examples: The speed you were driving your car was a violation of the speed limit.
Walking into my house like that was a violation of my privacy.
The new finding seems to be in violation of our understanding of physics.
This violation of our trust cannot be forgiven.
The violation of these young girls by a man their uncle is hard to understand.
coincide (English, verb)
Forms: form: coincide
tags: canonical
form: coincides
tags: third-person
singular
form: coincided
tags: past
form: coincided
tags: past
participle
form: coinciding
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪd/
tags: US
tags: US
glosses: Two things coincide with each other if they're both in the same place or at the same time.
raw_tags: intransitive
examples: The time of your party coincides with my niece's wedding, so I can't come.
The end of one side of a triangle coincides with the end of another side, making a corner.
medium (English, adj)
Forms: form: medium
tags: positive
form: –
tags: comparative
form: –
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmiːdiəm/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: A medium amount is an amount that is not small and not large, but in the middle.
examples: Would you like a small, medium or large drink?
medium (English, noun)
Forms: form: medium
raw_tags: Singular
form: mediums or media
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmiːdiəm/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: A medium is stuff that something moves through.
examples: Light can go through different media: air, water, glass.
Sound waves slow down when they go through this kind of medium.
glosses: A medium is a person who hears ideas that come from people who are dead. (plural mediums)
raw_tags: countable
examples: We all closed our eyes, and the medium said "I hear your father speaking."
I don't believe those mediums can really hear anything.
portion (English, noun)
Forms: form: portion
raw_tags: Singular
form: portions
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɔrʃən/
tags: US
ipa: /ˈpɔːʃən/
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: A portion is a part of something.
raw_tags: countable
examples: We need to put more signs up in this portion of the city.
glosses: A portion is an amount of food for one person.
raw_tags: countable
examples: Each portion has six meatballs.
portion (English, verb)
Forms: form: portion
tags: canonical
form: portions
tags: third-person
singular
form: portioned
tags: past
form: portioned
tags: past
participle
form: portioning
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɔrʃən/
tags: US
ipa: /ˈpɔːʃən/
tags: UK
tags: US
glosses: If you portion something out, you give parts of it to different people.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: They portioned out the water among them.
qualitative (English, adj)
Forms: form: qualitative
tags: positive
form: more qualitative
tags: comparative
form: most qualitative
tags: superlative
glosses: A reason, idea or writing is qualitative if it is about the way something is, or about the thing's qualities, but not about amounts.
examples: I have a qualitative idea of what his work is like, but I don't know how much work he's done.
Qualitative differences between advertisements are likely to be far more important than quite large differences in the number of advertisements.
trigger (English, noun)
Forms: form: trigger
raw_tags: Singular
form: triggers
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtrɪɡə/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈtrɪɡɚ/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: A trigger is the part of a gun that you push with one finger when you want to make the gun shoot.
examples: I didn't want to make him angry, because he had his finger on the trigger.
synonyms: switch
glosses: A trigger is a little thing that makes something bigger happen.
examples: Bad smells are one of the triggers for my headaches.
synonyms: cause
reason
trigger (English, verb)
Forms: form: trigger
tags: canonical
form: triggers
tags: third-person
singular
form: triggered
tags: past
form: triggered
tags: past
participle
form: triggering
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtrɪɡə/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈtrɪɡɚ/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: A little thing triggers a big thing to happen when it causes it.
examples: Those angry words triggered the beginning of the war.
format (English, noun)
Forms: form: format
raw_tags: Singular
form: formats
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɔːmæt/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈfɔːrmæt/
tags: US
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: The format of some writing is the way it is organized: the size and colour of the letters, the way it is divided into parts, the kind of words used.
raw_tags: countable
examples: What format do you want the report written in?
glosses: The format of some writing is the kind of computer program you need to be able to read it.
raw_tags: countable
computing
examples: I can't read that page you sent me. My computer doesn't read that format.
glosses: Something's format is its style, type, organisation, etc.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The format of the meeting will be quite casual.
format (English, verb)
Forms: form: format
tags: canonical
form: formats
tags: third-person
singular
form: formatted
tags: past
form: formatted
tags: past
participle
form: formatting
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɔːmæt/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈfɔːrmæt/
tags: US
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: Someone formats some writing when make it have a particular format.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: How should I format the report?
glosses: Someone formats a computer disk when they prepare a disk for writing and reading.
raw_tags: transitive
computing
examples: You need to format the disk before you can copy those files onto it.
mediation (English, noun)
Forms: form: mediation
raw_tags: Singular
form: mediations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /midiˈeɪʃən/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: UK
glosses: Mediation is the process of helping two people or groups who are not in agreement to come to an agreement.
raw_tags: uncountable
examples: When I was separated from my wife, we had mediation to help decide who got to keep the house.
mature (English, adj)
Forms: form: mature
tags: positive
form: more mature
tags: comparative
form: most mature
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈtjʊə/
tags: UK
ipa: /məˈtʃʊ(ə)r/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: Someone is mature if they act like an adult.
examples: You're not mature enough to do this job.
glosses: A living thing is mature if it has stopped growing physically.
examples: A mature female is about 30 kg.
glosses: Some kinds of food, such as wine, cheese, or fruit are mature when they are ready to eat or drink.
glosses: A mature person is older.
examples: Colleges are accepting more mature students and fewer kids out of high school.
glosses: If something is mature, it is fully developed.
examples: Television is a mature technology.
glosses: If movies, books, etc. are mature, they are meant for adults because they contain violence, sex, etc.
mature (English, verb)
Forms: form: mature
tags: canonical
form: matures
tags: third-person
singular
form: matured
tags: past
form: matured
tags: past
participle
form: maturing
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈtjʊə/
tags: UK
ipa: /məˈtʃʊ(ə)r/
tags: US
tags: UK
glosses: If something matures, it becomes fully developed.
raw_tags: intransitive
examples: Along the way she has also matured into a beautiful young woman.
These problems have been solved as the technology has matured.
diminish (English, verb)
Forms: form: diminish
tags: canonical
form: diminishes
tags: third-person
singular
form: diminished
tags: past
form: diminished
tags: past
participle
form: diminishing
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: When something diminishes it gets smaller or less important or makes something that way.
raw_tags: transitive & intransitive
examples: The way you talked just now diminished my respect for you.
The amount of water in the lake is diminishing because there has been no rain.
synonyms: shrink
lessen
shorten
antonyms: grown
increase
rise
analogous (English, adj)
Forms: form: analogous
tags: positive
form: more analogous
tags: comparative
form: most analogous
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌˈnæl.ʌ.gəs/
tags: US
ipa: /-ʤəs/
raw_tags: or sometimes
tags: US
glosses: When x is analogous to y, it is similar to y.
examples: Using that little broom to sweep this big floor is analogous to using a candle to cook dinner for 40 people.
The development of the new DVD with multiple formats is analogous to the video wars between beta and VHS.
temporary (English, adj)
Forms: form: temporary
tags: positive
form: more temporary
tags: comparative
form: most temporary
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛmpərəri/
tags: UK
ipa: /ˈtɛmpəˌrɛri/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: Something is temporary if it's only for a short time.
examples: A tent was our temporary home after our house burned down in the fire.
The middle of the floor is a temporary place for these books until I find room for them on the shelf.
antonyms: permanent
fluctuation (English, noun)
Forms: form: fluctuation
raw_tags: Singular
form: fluctuations
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /flʌktʃuːˈeɪʃən/
glosses: A fluctuation is when something changes back and forth quickly.
raw_tags: countable
examples: The price of wheat stayed the same, but there were a lot of fluctuations in the price of rice.
Every time a cloud goes past, there is a fluctuation in the amount of sunshine.
minimal (English, adj)
Forms: form: minimal
tags: positive
form: –
tags: comparative
form: –
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /mɪnəməl/
tags: US
glosses: When something is minimal, it is very small or small enough to not be important, especially the smallest.
examples: We had a minimal amount of rain yesterday, so we still need to water the plants.
Don't worry -- any problems from this will be minimal.
wage (English, noun)
Forms: form: wage
raw_tags: Singular
form: wages
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /weɪʤ/
tags: US
glosses: Wages is the money a person is paid for doing their job.
raw_tags: countable
often plural
examples: Only 6 percent of the wage earners in this country earn more than $ 100,000.
They are working for minimum wage or $5 an hour.
The workers were demanding higher wages.
The average hourly wage rose only 2.8% last year.
synonyms: pay
income
salary
wage (English, verb)
Forms: form: wage
tags: canonical
form: wages
tags: third-person
singular
form: waged
tags: past
form: waged
tags: past
participle
form: waging
tags: present
participle
Pronunciation: ipa: /weɪʤ/
tags: US
glosses: If you wage a battle, war, or campaign for or against something, you fight or work hard for or against it.
raw_tags: transitive
examples: After his death in 1990, a five-year battle was waged in court for control of the $72 million estate.
The Iranians hate Iraq for the war that they waged against them for eight years.
This is the beginning of a long legal battle, similar to the campaign waged against the tobacco industry.
synonyms: fight
prosecute
incompatible (English, adj)
Forms: form: incompatible
tags: positive
form: more incompatible
tags: comparative
form: most incompatible
tags: superlative
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪŋkəmˈpætɪbəl/
tags: US
glosses: Two things are incompatible with each other if they don't fit together or don't work well together.
examples: The husband and wife were not happy together because they were incompatible.
I can't fit this wire into my computer because the end is incompatible with the part of the computer for plugging things in.
antonyms: compatible
eighty (English, det)
Forms: form: eighty
raw_tags: Determiner
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈeɪ.ti/
ipa: /ˈ(ʔ)eɪ̯ɾi/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: ordinal eightieth) Eighty is the number 80.
tags: plural
raw_tags: number
indefinite
count
examples: There were about eighty people at the party.
eighty (English, noun)
Forms: form: eighty
raw_tags: Singular
form: eighties
tags: plural
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈeɪ.ti/
ipa: /ˈ(ʔ)eɪ̯ɾi/
tags: US
raw_tags: Audio
tags: US
glosses: The number 80.
examples: Seventy plus ten is eighty.