crossing96/oncoscreening huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus undergoing salvage endoscopic resection after definitive chemoradiotherapy.	BACKGROUND: Salvage endoscopic resection (ER) has been reported to be effective for patients with local failure of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT). This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of salvage ER for patients with local failure of ESCC and to identify risk factors associated with disease recurrence after salvage ER. METHODS: This study included 45 patients undergoing salvage ER after dCRT during 2000 to 2017. After ER, all patients were required to undergo surveillance esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) once or twice every year, and a computed tomography (CT) examination was repeated every 3 to 6 months. We assessed short-term outcomes and long-term outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 45 patients in this study, the baseline clinical T stage before dCRT was T1 in 80%, 66% of the patients did not have nodal metastasis. The median time from CRT to the detection of local failure was 11 months (range 2-130 months). The en-bloc resection rate was 46%, and the R0 resection rate was 38%, respectively. Stricture occurred after salvage ER for one case, while adverse events such as bleeding or perforation and ER-related death did not occur. After a median observation period of 57 months, recurrence free survival at 3 years was 58%, overall survival was 72%, and disease specific survival was 81%. In multivariate analysis, clinical N stage before CRT was the only independent risk factor of recurrence after salvage ER (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Salvage ER might be effective local treatment in patients with local failure after dCRT. For the patients with clinical N stage, frequent surveillance should be performed.	esophagus
Ways and tradition of Japan in esophageal surgery for cancer.	OBJECTIVE: This report presents the essence in practice of Japanese methods and tradition in surgery for esophageal cancer. METHODS: The etiology of esophageal cancer and the concepts of lymphadenectomy in esophagectomy, in neoadjuvant treatments, and in stage classifications are compared between Western countries and Japan. RESULTS: With respect to the type and relative incidence of esophageal cancer, in Western countries, adenocarcinoma in the lower thoracic esophagus and in the cardia is common, and among esophageal surgeons, there remains some controversy over the extent of lymphadenectomy. On the other hand, in Japan, squamous cell carcinoma in the middle thoracic esophagus is common, and concerning lymphadenectomy, Japanese esophageal surgeons consider that three-field lymphadenectomy is superior to other types of lymphadenectomy. In Japan, surgeons believe that most patients with esophageal cancer even those having lymph node metastasis can be best treated using esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy. CONCLUSIONS: In Japan, the tradition in esophageal surgery places great significance on lymphadenectomy. The ways and procedures for esophageal cancer surgery, the neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments, the Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer, the Esophageal Cancer Practice Guidelines, and other scientific reports are all based on a close combination of esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy.	esophagus
De Novo Lipogenesis Alters the Phospholipidome of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.	The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is rising, survival remains poor, and new tools to improve early diagnosis and precise treatment are needed. Cancer phospholipidomes quantified with mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) can support objective diagnosis in minutes using a routine frozen tissue section. However, whether MSI can objectively identify primary esophageal adenocarcinoma is currently unknown and represents a significant challenge, as this microenvironment is complex with phenotypically similar tissue-types. Here, we used desorption electrospray ionization-MSI (DESI-MSI) and bespoke chemometrics to assess the phospholipidomes of esophageal adenocarcinoma and relevant control tissues. Multivariate models derived from phospholipid profiles of 117 patients were highly discriminant for esophageal adenocarcinoma both in discovery (AUC = 0.97) and validation cohorts (AUC = 1). Among many other changes, esophageal adenocarcinoma samples were markedly enriched for polyunsaturated phosphatidylglycerols with longer acyl chains, with stepwise enrichment in premalignant tissues. Expression of fatty acid and glycerophospholipid synthesis genes was significantly upregulated, and characteristics of fatty acid acyls matched glycerophospholipid acyls. Mechanistically, silencing the carbon switch ACLY in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells shortened glycerophospholipid chains, linking de novo lipogenesis to the phospholipidome. Thus, DESI-MSI can objectively identify invasive esophageal adenocarcinoma from a number of premalignant tissues and unveils mechanisms of phospholipidomic reprogramming. SIGNIFICANCE: These results call for accelerated diagnosis studies using DESI-MSI in the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy suite, as well as functional studies to determine how polyunsaturated phosphatidylglycerols contribute to esophageal carcinogenesis.	esophagus
Safety and Efficacy of Apatinib Monotherapy for Unresectable, Metastatic Esophageal Cancer: A Single-Arm, Open-Label, Phase II Study.	LESSONS LEARNED: Patient compliance with the oral dosage treatment was good, with no need for hospitalization. Patients with tracheal and esophageal fistulas can take crushed apatinib by nutrient tube, with the same bioavailability and efficacy. Apatinib may be an effective and safe second- or further-line treatment for advanced esophageal cancer. BACKGROUND: Apatinib is an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2), which is thought to play a role in esophageal cancer progression. Our goal was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apatinib in patients with unresectable esophageal cancer and to examine whether VEGFR2 expression influenced the clinical response. METHODS: This single-arm, open-label, investigator-initiated phase II study enrolled patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or esophagogastric junction who were admitted to Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between August 2017 and January 2019. Apatinib monotherapy (500 mg/day) was given orally or via an enteral tube until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal, or death. Patients were followed until treatment was discontinued or death. The main endpoints were tumor response, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: Among 32 patients screened for inclusion, 30 were included in the safety and survival analyses (i.e., received apatinib), and 26 were included in the efficacy analysis (at least one imaging follow-up). Median follow-up time and exposure to apatinib were 5.34 months and 72 days, respectively. Among 26 patients included in the efficacy analysis, 2 had a partial response (PR; 7.7%) and 14 had stable disease (SD; 53.8%). The overall response rate (ORR) was 7.7%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 61.5%. Median PFS and OS were 4.63 months (95% confidence interval, 2.11-7.16 months) and 6.57 months (4.90 months to not estimable), respectively. Fifteen patients (50.0%) experienced treatment-related AEs, most commonly hypertension (26.7%), diarrhea (20.0%), and hand-foot-skin reaction (10.0%). No patients had grade ≥4 treatment-related AEs. CONCLUSION: Apatinib was effective as second- or further-line treatment for advanced esophageal cancer.	esophagus
Tripartite motif containing 59 (TRIM59) promotes esophageal cancer progression via promoting MST4 expression and ERK pathway.	Objective: To detect the expression of tripartite motif containing 59 (TRIM59) in human esophageal cancer (EC) tissues and explore whether TRIM59 could affect the progression of EC.Methods: Quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry assays were performed to detect the expression of TRIM59 in 40 human EC tissues and corresponding non-tumor tissues. The correlations between TRIM59 expression and clinical pathological features of patients with EC were also investigated. CCK-8, colony formation, wound closure, and transwell assays were performed to detect the effects of TRIM59 on EC cells in vitro., Immunoblotting assays were performed to detect the effects of TRIM59 on the expression of mammalian sterile-20-like kinase 4 (MST4) and ERK pathway.Results: We reported increased expression of TRIM59 in human EC tissues, and its expression was correlated with clinical features, including metastasis (p = .011*) and maximum diameter (p = .027*), in patients with EC. We further found that TRIM59 contributed to the proliferation and invasion of EC cells via regulating mammalian sterile-20-like kinase 4 (MST4) expression and ERK pathway.Conclusion: Our data confirmed the involvement of TRIM59 in EC progression and proposed that TRIM59 could serve as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of EC.	esophagus
A systematic review of the effect of preoperative nutrition support on nutritional status and treatment outcomes in upper gastrointestinal cancer resection.	BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is highly prevalent in patients with Upper Gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer and is associated with poor outcomes. However, there are no evidence-based guidelines for nutrition support specific to UGI cancer surgery. METHODS: Databases including MEDLINE, PUBMED, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Central and Clinicaltrials.gov were systematically searched. Abstracts of studies investigating the effect of preoperative nutrition support on nutritional status, functional status, body composition, quality of life and treatment outcomes in adult patients undergoing oesophageal, gastric or pancreatic cancer resection were identified. Screening of studies, quality assessment using the Downs and Black checklist, data extraction, and appraisal of evidence using GRADE were performed by two reviewers. Due to heterogeneity of the studies, results were synthesised narratively. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018111930). RESULTS: Nine studies with a total of 442 oesophageal and 418 gastric patients were included. Individualised dietary counselling, and enteral feeding in neoadjuvant therapy for oesophageal cancer demonstrated positive effects for weight maintenance and surgical complications, however the GRADE evidence quality was very low. Preoperative nutrition support in gastric cancer decreased the incidence of surgical site infections, length of stay and hospital costs, but GRADE assessment was unable to be completed due to only one study reporting on each outcome measure. CONCLUSIONS: This review demonstrates the lack of strong evidence to determine the most optimal methods of nutrition support prior to UGI cancer resection. Current surgical oncology guidelines should be utilised until further research from high quality trials enable the development of specific clinical practice guidelines.	esophagus
Postoperative radiotherapy for the young-old patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A 2-center experience.	This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the efficacy and safety of esophagectomy and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) for patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC) in the young-old (aged between 65 and 75 years).The clinical data of 166 young-old patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy and PORT from May 2004 to May 2018 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and The PLA Cancer Center, Jinling Hospital were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). The log-rank method was used to test the differences. The Cox regression model was used for the multivariate prognostic analysis.The follow-up rate was 98.5%, and the median follow-up time was 41.2 months. The whole 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 92.0%, 69.3%, and 58.3%, respectively, and the median OS was 64.7 months (95% CI, 58.3-71.1). The median DFS was 57.9 months (95% CI, 47.4-68.4), and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS rates were 84.8%, 61.5%, and 44.6%, respectively. The median LRFS was 60.8 months (95% CI, 50.5-71.0), and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year LRFS rates were 85.8%, 64.94%, and 53.9%, respectively. The median DMFS was 65.0 months (95% CI, 60.6-69.6), and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year DMFS rates were 91.9%, 77.0%, and 67.5%, respectively. Pathological T staging, lymph node metastasis, pathologic staging, and Karnofsk Performance Status (KPS) were the main factors affecting prognosis. In addition, T staging, lymph node metastasis are also independent prognostic factors. Little severe toxicity was observed.The result indicates that PORT for TESCC patients who can tolerate surgery is safe in the young-old. The efficacy is similar to that of previous patients including younger populations. Pathological T and N stage are major factors that affect prognosis. Concurrent chemotherapy may not improve the survival of the young-old patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy.	esophagus
The expression of PDGF-BB predicts curative effect in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated by radiotherapy.	Radiotherapy is the major approach and is well tolerated in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). And nowadays, no effective biological markers have been identified for predicting the prognosis of patients with ESCC. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is associated with a poor prognosis of various malignancies. The present study aimed to assess the effect of PDGF-BB on radiotherapeutic responses of ESCC and the underlying mechanisms of its roles in ESCC. Serum from 68 cases that received neoadjuvant or radical radiotherapy was obtained before and during radiotherapy. Gene expression analyses were validated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The prognosis of patients with significantly reduced PDGF-BB was probably better than that of the others found in the progression-free survival and overall survival groups. Depletion of PDGFB significantly suppressed the proliferation, invasion and migration of cancer cells. Inhibiting PDGFB induced cellular apoptosis and promoted the sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR). Furthermore, IR inhibited PDGF-BB-induced migration by blocking the PI3K/AKT pathway in ESCC cells. We found that the expression of PDGF-BB provided a possible model for predicting ESCC radiotherapy. It can also be used as a prognostic indicator for locally advanced ESCC that was treated by radiotherapy.	esophagus
Laparoscopic repair of a giant hiatal hernia after minimally invasive oesophagectomy.	Minimally invasive oesophagectomy has become popular, but studies showed a higher rate of postoperative hiatus hernia compared with open oesophagectomy. Our video presents the laparoscopic biosynthetic mesh repair of a symptomatic giant hiatus hernia in a 71-year-old man who had undergone minimally invasive oesophagectomy one year earlier for distal adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. The operative time was 120 minutes. The patient started oral intake on postoperative day one and was discharged on postoperative day three. Postoperative computed tomography at six months showed no signs of recurrence. In the setting of a symptomatic hiatus hernia post-minimally invasive oesophagectomy, we suggest an initial laparoscopic approach, because of its countless advantages.	esophagus
Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus in obese patients undergoing pre-bariatric surgery evaluation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.	INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a known risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett's esophagus (BE), and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Obese patients routinely undergo preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) before bariatric procedures. We aimed to assess the prevalence of BE in this patient population. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive literature search ending in March 2019. Search results were imported into covidence.org and screened by two independent reviewers. Heterogeneity was assessed using I (2) and Q statistics and publication bias using funnel plots and the Orwin fail-safe test. Random-effects modeling was used in all analyses. RESULTS : Of 4087 citations, 77 were reviewed in full text and 29 were included in the final analysis based on our predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria. A total of 13 434 patients underwent pre-bariatric surgery EGD. The pooled prevalence of BE using random-effects modeling was 0.9 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.7 % - 1.3 %); P < 0.001; I (2) = 58 %, Q = 67). In meta-regression analyses, controlling for sex and GERD, we found a positive association between mean body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of BE (β = 0.15 [95 %CI 0.02 - 0.28]; P = 0.03). A linear relationship between the prevalence of BE and the prevalence of GERD was also noted (β = 3.9 [95 %CI 0.4 - 7.5]; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS : Obesity has been postulated as a major risk factor for BE, yet we found that the prevalence of BE in morbidly obese patients undergoing preoperative EGD was very low. Therefore, obesity alone may not be a major risk factor for BE.	esophagus
LINC01980 facilitates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via regulation of miR-190a-5p/MYO5A pathway.	Understanding the role of Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis in diverse human malignancies would helpful for targeted therapies, containing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the specific role and molecular mechanisms of LINC01980 in ESCC remain unclarified. In this study, we investigated the expression level, function role, and molecular mechanisms of LINC01980 in esophageal cancer cells and ESCC tissues. The high expression of LINC01980 was detected in ESCC tissues and cells, and predicted poor prognosis. LINC01980 promoted the cell proliferation, migration, invasion ability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progress in ESCC cells. In addition, a negative correlation between LINC01980 and miR-190a-5p or miR-190a-5p and MYO5A was observed in ESCC. We found that miR-190a-5p could directly bind with the mRNA of LINC01980 and MYO5A, and it was detected low expression in ESCC. We further demonstrated that the downregulation of MYO5A caused by overexpressing miR-190a-5p was released via upregulation of LINC01980. Functionally, LINC01980 acted as a competitively endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to impact the expression of MYO5A by sponging miR-190a-5p in ESCC. Therefore, these findings suggest that LINC01980 may act as an oncogenic lncRNA in ESCC and LINC01980/miR-190a-5p/MYO5A pathway contributes to the development of ESCC.	esophagus
Notch Signaling Mediates Differentiation in Barrett's Esophagus and Promotes Progression to Adenocarcinoma.	BACKGROUND & AIMS: Studies are needed to determine the mechanism by which Barrett's esophagus (BE) progresses to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Notch signaling maintains stem cells in the gastrointestinal tract and is dysregulated during carcinogenesis. We explored the relationship between Notch signaling and goblet cell maturation, a feature of BE, during EAC pathogenesis. METHODS: We measured goblet cell density and levels of Notch messenger RNAs in BE tissues from 164 patients, with and without dysplasia or EAC, enrolled in a multicenter study. We analyzed the effects of conditional expression of an activated form of NOTCH2 (pL2.Lgr5.N2IC), conditional deletion of NOTCH2 (pL2.Lgr5.N2fl/fl), or loss of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) (pL2.Lgr5.p65fl/fl), in Lgr5(+) (progenitor) cells in L2-IL1B mice (which overexpress interleukin 1 beta in esophagus and squamous forestomach and are used as a model of BE). We collected esophageal and stomach tissues and performed histology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, transcriptome, and real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses. Cardia and forestomach tissues from mice were cultured as organoids and incubated with inhibitors of Notch or NF-kB. RESULTS: Progression of BE to EAC was associated with a significant reduction in goblet cell density comparing nondysplastic regions of tissues from patients; there was an inverse correlation between goblet cell density and levels of NOTCH3 and JAG2 messenger RNA. In mice, expression of the activated intracellular form of NOTCH2 in Lgr5(+) cells reduced goblet-like cell maturation, increased crypt fission, and accelerated the development of tumors in the squamocolumnar junction. Mice with deletion of NOTCH2 from Lgr5(+) cells had increased maturation of goblet-like cells, reduced crypt fission, and developed fewer tumors. Esophageal tissues from in pL2.Lgr5.N2IC mice had increased levels of RelA (which encodes the p65 unit of NF-κB) compared to tissues from L2-IL1B mice, and we found evidence of increased NF-κB activity in Lgr5(+) cells. Esophageal tissues from pL2.Lgr5.p65fl/fl mice had lower inflammation and metaplasia scores than pL2.Lgr5.N2IC mice. In organoids derived from pL2-IL1B mice, the NF-κB inhibitor JSH-23 reduced cell survival and proliferation. CONCLUSIONS: Notch signaling contributes to activation of NF-κB and regulates differentiation of gastric cardia progenitor cells in a mouse model of BE. In human esophageal tissues, progression of BE to EAC was associated with reduced goblet cell density and increased levels of Notch expression. Strategies to block this pathway might be developed to prevent EAC in patients with BE.	esophagus
circRNA_001275 upregulates Wnt7a expression by competitively sponging miR‑370‑3p to promote cisplatin resistance in esophageal cancer.	Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in various tumors and are associated with tumorigenesis. The present study aimed to determine the role of circRNA_001275 in cisplatin‑resistant esophageal cancer. Three pairs of cisplatin‑resistant tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues were collected and subjected to circRNA chip analysis. Additionally, the effect of circRNA_001275 on cisplatin‑resistant cells was investigated. The relationship between circRNA_001275, microRNAs (miRs) and target genes were analyzed using luciferase assays, and validated via reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR) and western blotting. The results showed that circRNA_001275 was significantly upregulated in cisplatin‑resistant esophageal cancer tissues and cells (P<0.05). Overexpression of circRNA_001275 promoted the proliferation and invasion, and decreased the apoptosis of cisplatin‑resistant cells. On the other hand, circRNA_001275 silencing inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis (P<0.05). Dual‑luciferase reporter assays revealed that circRNA_001275 directly binds to miR‑370‑3p, and that Wnt family member 7A (Wnt7a) is targeted by miR‑370‑3p. RT‑qPCR and western blotting further demonstrated that circRNA_001275 serves as an miR‑370‑3p sponge to upregulate Wnt7a expression. In conclusion, the present study revealed that circRNA_001275 was upregulated in cisplatin‑resistant esophageal cancer and promoted cisplatin resistance by sponging miR‑370‑3p to upregulate Wnt7a expression. Therefore, circRNA_001275 may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with cisplatin‑resistant esophageal cancer.	esophagus