crossing96/oncoscreening huggingface dataset:
Role of definitive chemoradiotherapy using docetaxel and 5-fluorouracil in patients with unresectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a phase II study.	Definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with docetaxel (DOC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a unique regimen for esophageal cancer. In this prospective phase II study, antitumor effect and safety of CRT using DOC and 5-FU for inoperable locally advanced esophageal cancer were evaluated. DOC 7.5 mg/m(2) was infused on days 1, 8, 22, and 29. 5-FU 250 mg/m(2) /day was infused continuously on days 1-5, 8-12, 15-19, 22-26, 29-33, 36-40, and 43-45. Radiotherapy was given to 66 Gy in 33 fractions. Eleven patients with thoracic and five with cervical esophageal cancer were eligible. All patients had esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The response rate was 94%, with complete response in five patients (31%) and partial response in 10 (63%). Hematologic toxicity was mild; only one patient (6%) had Grade 1 leukopenia. Nonhematologic Grade 3 or higher adverse events were esophagitis (31%), anorexia (6%), and esophago-bronchial fistula (6%). No treatment-related deaths occurred. The median time to progression was 20 months and overall 3-year and 5-year survival were 44% and 31%, respectively. Definitive CRT using DOC and 5-FU could be performed safely, and it demonstrated a favorable antitumor effect for ESCC. This regimen might be indicated in patients in whom it is desirable to avoid myelosuppression and progression of renal impairment.	esophagus
Evaluation of the Glasgow Prognostic Score in patients receiving chemoradiotherapy for stage III and IV esophageal cancer.	High Glasgow Prognostic scores (GPSs) have been associated with poor outcomes in various tumors, but the values of GPS and modified GPS (mGPS) in patients with advanced esophageal cancer receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has not yet been reported. We have evaluated these with respect to predicting responsiveness to CRT and long-term survival. Between January 2002 and December 2011, tumor responses in 142 esophageal cancer patients (131 men and 11 women) with stage III (A, B and C) and IV receiving CRT were assessed. We assessed the value of the GPS as a predictor of a response to definitive CRT and also as a prognostic indicator in patients with esophageal cancer receiving CRT. We found that independent predictors of CRT responsiveness were Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, GPS and cTNM stage. Independent prognostic factors were ECOG performance status and GPS for progression-free survival and ECOG performance status, GPS and cTNM stage IV for disease-specific survival. GPS may be a novel predictor of CRT responsiveness and a prognostic indicator for progression-free and disease-specific survival in patients with advanced esophageal cancer. However, a multicenter study as same regime with large number of patients will be needed to confirm these outcomes.	esophagus
Routine endoscopic screening for synchronous esophageal neoplasm in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a prospective study.	Early detection of synchronous esophageal squamous cell neoplasm (ESCN) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients can significantly affect their prognosis. We investigated the prevalence of synchronous ESCN and the risk factors for developing ESCN in patients with HNSCC, and evaluated the effect of routine endoscopic screening in these patients. Subjects who were diagnosed as HNSCC from May 2010 to January 2014 were eligible. All patients underwent conventional white light endoscopic examinations with narrow band imaging and Lugol chromoendoscopy. Among 458 subjects screened, 28 synchronous ESCN were detected in 24 patients (5.2%). The prevalence of ESCN was greatest in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer (20.9%). In multivariate analysis, pyriform sinus involvement was independent risk factor for developing synchronous ESCN (odds ratio 171.2, P < 0.001). During the follow-up period (median, 24 months), the 3-year overall survival rates was significantly lower in patients with ESCN than in patients without ESCN (54.2% vs. 78.3%, P = 0.0013). Routine endoscopic screening for detecting synchronous ESCN should be recommended for patients with HNSCC, especially those with pyriform sinus involvement.	esophagus
The Impact of Severe Anastomotic Leak on Long-term Survival and Cancer Recurrence After Surgical Resection for Esophageal Malignancy.	OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to the determine impact of severe esophageal anastomotic leak (SEAL) upon long-term survival and locoregional cancer recurrence. BACKGROUND: The impact of SEAL upon long-term survival after esophageal resection remains inconclusive with a number of studies demonstrating conflicting results. METHODS: A multicenter database for the surgical treatment of esophageal cancer collected data from 30 university hospitals (2000-2010). SEAL was defined as a Clavien-Dindo III or IV leak. Patients with SEAL were compared with those without in terms of demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical technique, morbidity, survival, and recurrence. RESULTS: From a database of 2944 operated on for esophageal cancer between 2000 and 2010, 209 patients who died within 90 days of surgery and 296 patients with a R1/R2 resection were excluded, leaving 2439 included in the final analysis; 208 (8.5%) developed a SEAL and significant independent association was observed with low hospital procedural volume, cervical anastomosis, tumoral stage III/IV, and pulmonary and cardiovascular complications. SEAL was associated with a significant reduction in median overall (35.8 vs 54.8 months; P = 0.002) and disease-free (34 vs 47.9 months; P = 0.005) survivals. After adjustment of confounding factors, SEAL was associated with a 28% greater likelihood of death [hazard ratio = 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.59; P = 0.022], as well as greater overall (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.15-1.73; P = 0.011), locoregional (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.05-2.24; P = 0.030), and mixed (OR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.20-2.71; P = 0.014) recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: This large multicenter study provides strong evidence that SEAL adversely impacts cancer prognosis. The mechanism through which SEAL increases local recurrence is an important area for future research.	esophagus
[A Case of Early Recurrence after Esophagectomy for Cancer Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Resulting in a Complete Response of the Primary Lesion].	A 78-year-old man presented with a chief complaint of dysphagia. He was diagnosed with an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and referred to our hospital. A type 3 tumor was identified in the lower thoracic esophagus on endoscopy. A CT scan revealed lymph node metastases at the No. 3 station. The clinical stage of the tumor was T3N1M0, Stage III. The patient was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of2 courses of5 -FU and nedaplatin. He had a partial response and underwent a radical esophagectomy. Histopathological examination revealed a complete response of the primary lesion and viable cancer cells in only one lymph node at the No. 3 station. No adjuvant chemotherapy was administered. Three months after the operation, recurrences in the upper abdominal multiple para-aortic lymph nodes were detected. Although he was treated with chemotherapy, he died 7 months after the operation. Even after a complete response of the primary lesion was achieved using neoadjuvant chemotherapy, esophageal cancer with lymph node metastasis has the potential for an early recurrence. Therefore, we should consider adjuvant therapy in such cases.	esophagus
A Comparison of DESI-MS and LC-MS for the Lipidomic Profiling of Human Cancer Tissue.	In this study, we make a direct comparison between desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) and ultraperformance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS) platforms for the profiling of glycerophospholipid (GPL) species in esophageal cancer tissue. In particular, we studied the similarities and differences in the range of GPLs detected and the congruency of their relative abundances as detected by each analytical platform. The main differences between mass spectra of the two modalities were found to be associated with the variance in adduct formation of common GPLs, rather than the presence of different GPL species. Phosphatidylcholines as formate adducts in UPLC-ESI-MS accounted for the majority of differences in negative ion mode and alkali metal adducts of phosphatidylcholines in DESI-MS for positive ion mode. Comparison of the relative abundance of GPLs, normalized to a common peak, revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.70 (P < 0.001). The GPL profile detected by DESI-MS is congruent to UPLC-ESI-MS, which reaffirms the role of DESI-MS for lipidomic profiling and a potential premise for quantification.	esophagus
Role of IL-10 gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility for esophageal cancer and its association with environmental factors.	We conducted a hospital-based case-control study to investigate the association of three common SNPs (-1082G/A rs1800896, -819T/C rs1800871, and -592A/C rs1800872) of IL-10 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility to esophageal cancer in a Chinese population. 246 patients with pathologically proven esophageal cancer and 492 healthy control subjects were collected in our study. Genotyping of IL-10-1082G/A rs1800896, -819T/C rs1800871, and -592A/C rs1800872 was performed using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform (Sequenom; San Diego, CA). Unconditional logistic regression analyses showed that subjects carrying the AA genotype and GA+AA genotype of IL-10-1082G/A rs1800896 were associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer, and the adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 2.19 (1.31-3.64) and 1.44 (1.05-1.99), respectively. However, we did not find significant association of IL-10-819T/C rs1800871 and -592A/C rs1800872 with the development of esophageal cancer. By stratification analysis, we found that IL-10-1082G/A rs1800896 polymorphism has no significant association with smoking, drinking and family history of cancer in the first relatives in esophageal cancer risk (P>0.05). In conclusion, IL-10-1082G/A rs1800896 genetic variation may be employed as candidate biomarkers for the prediction of susceptibility in esophageal cancer.	esophagus
Management of esophageal stenting-associated esophagotracheal fistula, tracheal stenosis and tracheal rupture: a case report and review of the literature.	OBJECTIVE: Although the placement of esophageal self-expandable stents (SES) can effectively relieve dysphagia after radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer (EC), it may induce severe esophageal complications. This article reports a case of emergency endotracheal intubation in an EC patient who suddenly developed severe dyspnea two months after SES placement. METHODS: Electronic bronchoscopy of the patient's airway confirmed the diagnosis of esophagotracheal fistula, tracheal stenosis and tracheal rupture. Endotracheal intubation was successfully performed under the guidance of electronic bronchoscopy. RESULTS: Dyspnea due to tracheal stenosis was relieved effectively by inserting the tracheal catheter to a proper place under the guidance of electronic bronchoscopy. CONCLUSION: Bronchoscopic examination is strongly recommended in EC patients who are highly suspected as having airway stenosis associated with esophageal stenting, for which endotracheal intubation under the guidance of bronchoscopy is suggested.	esophagus
Tumor necrosis factor-α gene 308G/A polymorphism is not associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in Kazakh patients.	BACKGROUND: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant tumor with a strong tendency toward familial aggregation and a higher incidence as well as mortality in Kazakh population. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is an important inflammatory cytokine that plays a role in controlling the progression of lung cancer, hepatocellular cancer, breast cancer and gastric cancer. But the association between TNF-α-308G/A and ESCC still remains unclarified. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Here, we investigated the potential associations between the TNF-α-308G/A and susceptibility to ESCC in 212 cases and 200 controls from a pure ethnic population of Kazakh. DNA extraction and Real-time PCR were performed to detect the TNF-α-308G/A expression levels and odd ratios (ORs) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were to evaluate their association with TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism. RESULTS: We found that the frequencies of TNF-α-308G/A in the cases were similar to that of the controls with no differences being statistically significant (χ(2)=1.23, P>0.05). Using the G allele as the reference genotype, individuals who carried A allele had a significantly increased risk of developing ESCC (OR=2.64, 95% CI=1.31~5.35). Especially, the G/A+A/A genotype are associated with increased risk of metastatic as compared with GG genotype individuals (OR=2.08, 95% CI=1.14-3.80, P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that though the TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism may not be correlated with the susceptibility to Kazakh's ESCC in Xinjiang, patients who carry A allele tend to poorly differentiated and lymph node metastasis.	esophagus
Pressurized intraluminal aerosol chemotherapy with Dbait in the distal esophagus of swine.	"BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: A novel therapeutic concept, pressurized intraluminal aerosol chemotherapy (PILAC), and a corresponding device for distributing drugs to the mucosa and submucosa of the distal esophagus are presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The endoscopic device that was designed consisted of (i) a double-balloon catheter, similar to a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube; (ii) a carbon dioxide (CO2) line, used to create a gaseous, pressurized environment; and (iii) a micropump, used to generate a therapeutic aerosol. The device was inserted into the distal esophagus in three narcotized Landrace pigs. Dbait (short interfering DNA, or siDNA) was aerosolized under pressure (12 mmHg) in CO2 at 37 °C for 30 minutes. RESULTS: The procedure was well tolerated by all animals. At autopsy, no mucosal or muscular tear was observed. Fluorescence microscopy revealed a homogeneous intramural distribution of Dbait-cyanine 5 in the esophageal wall down to the circular muscular layer (400 - 600 µm). CONCLUSIONS: PILAC is feasible in a large animal model and appears to be safe. Therapy of the entire ""tissue at risk"" for the development of cancer in the distal esophagus is possible without the prior endoscopic identification of diseased tissue."	esophagus
Immature myeloid progenitors promote disease progression in a mouse model of Barrett's-like metaplasia.	Cdx2, an intestine specific transcription factor, is expressed in Barrett's esophagus (BE). We sought to determine if esophageal Cdx2 expression would accelerate the onset of metaplasia in the L2-IL-1β transgenic mouse model for Barrett's-like metaplasia. The K14-Cdx2::L2-IL-1β double transgenic mice had half as many metaplastic nodules as control L2-IL-1β mice. This effect was not due to a reduction in esophageal IL-1β mRNA levels nor diminished systemic inflammation. The diminished metaplasia was due to an increase in apoptosis in the K14-Cdx2::L2-IL-1β mice. Fluorescence activated cell sorting of immune cells infiltrating the metaplasia identified a population of CD11b+Gr-1+ cells that are significantly reduced in K14-Cdx2::L2-IL-1β mice. These cells have features of immature granulocytes and have immune-suppressing capacity. We demonstrate that the apoptosis in K14-Cdx2::L2-IL-1β mice is CD8+ T cell dependent, which CD11b+Gr-1+ cells are known to inhibit. Lastly, we show that key regulators of CD11b+Gr-1+ cell development, IL-17 and S100A9, are significantly diminished in the esophagus of K14-Cdx2::L2-IL-1β double transgenic mice. We conclude that metaplasia development in this mouse model for Barrett's-like metaplasia requires suppression of CD8+ cell dependent apoptosis, likely mediated by immune-suppressing CD11b+Gr-1+ immature myeloid cells.	esophagus
Assessing the quality of written information provision for surgical procedures: a case study in oesophagectomy.	OBJECTIVE: To examine the content and quality of written information provided by surgical centres for patients undergoing oesophagectomy for cancer. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of the content of National Health Service (NHS) patient information leaflets (PILs) about oesophageal cancer surgery, using a modified framework approach. DATA SOURCES: Written information leaflets from 41 of 43 cancer centres undertaking surgery for oesophageal cancer in England and Wales (response rate 95.3%). ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: All English language versions of PILs about oesophagectomy. RESULTS: 32 different PILs were identified, of which 2 were generic tools (Macmillan 'understanding cancer of the gullet' and EIDO 'oesophagectomy'). Although most PILs focused on describing in-hospital adverse events, information varied widely and was often misleading. Just 1 leaflet described survival benefits of surgery and 2 mentioned the possibility of disease recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Written information provided for patients by NHS cancer centres undertaking oesophagectomy is inconsistent and incomplete. It is recommended that surgeons work together with patients to agree on standards of information provision of relevance to all stakeholders' needs.	esophagus
Cutaneous metastasis as primary presentation in unsuspected carcinoma esophagus: Report of two cases.	Cutaneous metastasis from carcinoma esophagus is an extremely rare occurrence. It accounts for less than 1% among all cases of metastatic carcinoma esophagus. We present two such unusual cases in which the primary manifestation was cutaneous lesions. Histology from the biopsy of the lesion in one case was reported as adenocarcinoma and while that from the other case was reported as squamous cell carcinoma. A search for primary revealed previously unsuspected carcinoma esophagus in both the cases. The patients subsequently developed metachronous systemic lesions and expired within 5 months of appearance of the index skin lesion.	esophagus
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of esophagus combined with squamous carcinoma of lung: A case report and literature review.	Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is typically located in the salivary, lacrimal, and tracheobronchial glands and rarely presents in the esophagus. MEC is commonly characterized by squamous cells, mucus-secreting cells, and intermediate cells. This report presents the case of a 57-years-old male with a three months history of cough and shortness of breath. Computer tomography (CT) scans revealed a tumor locating in the left hilar. The histological report was squamous carcinoma. After three circles of chemotherapy, the patient complained of dysphagia. The electronic gastroscope showed a protrusion which 30-34 cm from the incisors. The tumor was histopathologically determined to be MEC of esophagus. The patient refused to surgery and concurrent chemoradiotheray; so, radiotherapy and sequential chemotherapy were performed, and after one year of follow up, the disease of esophagus recurrence; the patient was died of hemorrhage of esophagus for tumor progression. The literatures of MEC are also reviewed in this study.	esophagus
Marital status, education, and income in relation to the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer by histological type and site.	BACKGROUND: Marital status, income, and education might influence the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer, but the literature is limited. A large study addressing subtypes of these tumors was used to clarify these associations. METHODS: A nationwide, Swedish population-based cohort study from 1991 to 2010 included individuals who were 50 years old or older. Data on exposures, covariates, and outcomes were obtained from well-maintained registers. Four esophagogastric tumor subtypes were analyzed in combination and separately: esophageal adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, cardia adenocarcinoma, and noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma. Poisson regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for confounders. RESULTS: Among 4,734,227 participants (60,634,007 person-years), 24,095 developed esophageal or gastric cancer. In comparison with individuals in a long marriage, increased IRRs were found among participants who were in a shorter marriage or were never married, remarried, divorced, or widowed. These associations were indicated for each tumor subtype but were generally stronger for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Higher education and income were associated with decreased IRRs in a seemingly dose-response manner and similarly for each subtype. In comparison with the completion of only primary school, higher tertiary education rendered an IRR of 0.64 (95% CI, 0.60-0.69) for men and an IRR of 0.68 (95% CI, 0.61-0.75) for women. Comparing participants in the highest and lowest income brackets (highest 20% vs lowest 20%) revealed an IRR of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.70-0.79) for men and an IRR of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.76-0.91) for women. CONCLUSIONS: Divorce, widowhood, living alone, low educational attainment, and low income increase the risk of each subtype of esophageal and gastric cancer. These associations require attention when high-risk individuals are being identified. Cancer 2016;122:207-212. © 2015 American Cancer Society.	esophagus
Activin a signaling regulates cell invasion and proliferation in esophageal adenocarcinoma.	TGFβ signaling has been implicated in the metaplasia from squamous epithelia to Barrett's esophagus and, ultimately, esophageal adenocarcinoma. The role of the family member Activin A in Barrett's tumorigenesis is less well established. As tumorigenesis is influenced by factors in the tumor microenvironment, such as fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix, we aimed to determine if epithelial cell-derived Activin affects initiation and progression differently than Activin signaling stimulation from a mimicked stromal source. Using Barrett's esophagus cells, CPB, and the esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines OE33 and FLO-1, we showed that Activin reduces colony formation only in CPB cells. Epithelial cell overexpression of Activin increased cell migration and invasion in Boyden chamber assays in CPB and FLO-1 cells, which exhibited mesenchymal features such as the expression of the CD44 standard form, vimentin, and MT1-MMP. When grown in organotypic reconstructs, OE33 cells expressed E-cadherin and Keratin 8. As mesenchymal characteristics have been associated with the acquisition of stem cell-like features, we analyzed the expression and localization of SOX9, showing nuclear localization of SOX9 in esophageal CPB and FLO-1 cells.In conclusion, we show a role for autocrine Activin signaling in the regulation of colony formation, cell migration and invasion in Barrett's tumorigenesis.	esophagus