crossing96/oncoscreening huggingface dataset:
Short-term Outcomes of Different Techniques for Gastric Ischemic Preconditioning Before Esophagectomy: A Network Meta-analysis.	BACKGROUND: Ischemia at the anastomotic site plays a critical role determinant in the development of anastomosis-related complications after esophagectomy. Gastric ischemic conditioning (GIC) before esophagectomy has been described to improve the vascular perfusion at the tip of the gastric conduit with a potential effect on anastomotic leak (AL) and stenosis (AS) risk minimization. Laparoscopic (LapGIC) and angioembolization (AngioGIC) techniques have been reported. PURPOSE: Compare short-term outcomes among different GIC techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic review and network meta-analysis. One-step esophagectomy (noGIC), LapGIC, and AngioGIC were compared. Primary outcomes were AL, AS, and gastric conduit necrosis (GCN). Risk ratio (RR) and weighted mean difference (WMD) were used as pooled effect size measures, whereas 95% credible intervals (CrIs) were used to assess relative inference. RESULTS: Overall, 1760 patients (14 studies) were included. Of those, 1028 patients (58.4%) underwent noGIC, 593 (33.6%) LapGIC, and 139 (8%) AngioGIC. AL was reduced for LapGIC versus noGIC (RR=0.68; 95% CrI 0.47-0.98) and AngioGIC versus noGIC (RR=0.52; 95% CrI 0.31-0.93). Similarly, AS was reduced for LapGIC versus noGIC (RR=0.32; 95% CrI 0.12-0.68) and AngioGIC versus noGIC (RR=1.30; 95% CrI 0.65-2.46). The indirect comparison, assessed with the network methodology, did not show any differences for LapGIC versus AngioGIC in terms of postoperative AL and AS risk. No differences were found for GCN, pulmonary complications, overall complications, hospital length of stay, and 30-day mortality among different treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to noGIC, both LapGIC and AngioGIC before esophagectomy seem equivalent and associated with a reduced risk for postoperative AL and AS.	esophagus
Propofol elicits apoptosis and attenuates cell growth in esophageal cancer cell lines.	Propofol is a pharmaceutical agent commonly used as an intravenous anesthetic in surgical treatments and a sedative in intensive care. However, it is largely unknown how exposure to propofol affects the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of neoplastic cells in esophageal cancer. In this study, we sought to elucidate the impact of propofol exposure on the growth properties of human esophageal cancer cell lines in vitro. We treated two human esophageal cancer cell lines, KYSE30 and KYSE960, with up to 10 µg/mL of propofol for 12-36 h. The treated cells were then analyzed by cell proliferation assay, Matrigel invasion assay, quantification of caspase-3/7 and -9 activities, and cell staining with Annexin V and 7-aminoactinomycin D to detect early apoptosis and cell death, respectively, via flow cytometry. We found that 3-5 µg/mL propofol reduced the growth and Matrigel invasion of both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Executioner caspase-3/7, but not caspase-9 involved in intrinsic apoptosis pathway, was activated by cell exposure to 3-5 µg/mL propofol. In addition, 3-5 µg/mL propofol augmented early apoptosis in both cell lines and increased cell death in the KYSE30 cell line. In summary, exposure to propofol, at concentrations up to 5 µg/mL, led to the reduction of cell growth and Matrigel invasion, as well as the augmentation of apoptosis in esophageal cancer cell lines. These data will help define a methodology to safely utilize propofol, a common general anesthetic and sedative, with esophageal cancer patients.	esophagus
Comparison of the subtotal and narrow gastric conduit for cervical esophagogastrostomy after esophagectomy in esophageal cancer patients: a propensity score-matched analysis.	BACKGROUND: Several reports have compared narrow gastric conduit (NGC) with subtotal gastric conduit (SGC) for cervical esophagogastrostomy after esophagectomy; however, whether which one is more beneficial in terms of postoperative complications remains unclear. To determine the optimal gastric conduit type, we retrospectively investigated and compared the postoperative complications between NGC and SGC used in cervical circular-tapered esophagogastrostomy after esophagectomy through a propensity score-matched analysis. METHODS: Between 2008 and 2022, 577 consecutive esophageal cancer patients who underwent esophagectomy and cervical circular-stapled esophagogastrostomy were enrolled in this study. RESULTS: Of the 577 patients, 77 were included each in the SGC and NGC groups, after propensity score matching. Clinical characteristics did not differ between the two groups. The anastomotic leakage rate was significantly lower in the SGC group than in the NGC group (5% vs. 22%, p < 0.01). The anastomotic stenosis rate was significantly higher in the SGC group (16% vs. 5%, p = 0.03). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that NGC, subcutaneous route, and age were significant independent factors associated with anastomotic leakage (odds ratios, 8.58, 6.49, and 5.21; p < 0.01, < 0.01 and 0.03, respectively) and that SGC was a significant independent factor associated with anastomotic stricture (odds ratios, 4.91; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: In cervical circular-stapled esophagogastrostomy after esophagectomy, SGC was superior to NGC in terms of reducing the risk of anastomotic leakage, although the risk of anastomotic stricture needs to be resolved.	esophagus
Efficacy and Safety of First-line Therapies for Advanced Unresectable Oesophageal Squamous Cell Cancer: a Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.	AIM: To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of first-line treatments for advanced unresectable oesophageal squamous cell cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review and network meta-analysis was carried out by retrieving and retaining relevant literature from databases. The studies were randomised controlled trials comparing first-line treatments for advanced unresectable oesophageal squamous cell cancer. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was used to assess clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Nine studies including 4499 patients receiving first-line treatments were analysed. For all populations, toripalimab plus chemotherapy tended to provide the best overall survival (hazard ratio 0.58, 95% confidence intervals 0.43-0.78) and sintilimab plus chemotherapy provided the best progression-free survival (0.56, 0.46-0.68). Nivolumab plus chemotherapy presented the best objective response rate (odds ratio 2.45, 1.78-3.42) and camrelizumab plus chemotherapy (0.47, 0.29-0.74) appeared to be the safest. Sintilimab plus chemotherapy (0.55, 0.40-0.75) and nivolumab (0.54, 0.37-0.80) plus chemotherapy had the best overall survival in programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumour proportion score <1% and ≥1% subgroups. Toripalimab plus chemotherapy (0.61, 0.40-0.93) and pembrolizumab (0.57, 0.43-0.75) were the best in overall survival in combined positive score <10 and ≥10 subgroups, respectively. Toripalimab plus chemotherapy showed the best overall survival in the Asian group; pembrolizumab presented better overall survival in the Asian population than the non-Asian group. CONCLUSION: Most immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy showed superior clinical benefits and sintilimab plus chemotherapy, toripalimab plus chemotherapy and tislelizumab plus chemotherapy had better comprehensive clinical efficacy. PD-L1 expression detection and ethnicity differences are still of great significance and most suitable regimens varied from each subgroup.	esophagus
Prevention of esophageal stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection of squamous cell carcinoma using a 20-French nasogastric tube combined with oral steroid administration.	BACKGROUND: Esophageal stricture is a major complication after esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and when the mucosal defect exceeds 3/4 of the circumference. Various preventive methods have been reported to prevent stenosis. However, in the case of circumferential ESD, there is no way to prevent luminal stenosis effectively. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 20-French nasogastric tubes (NGT) combined with oral steroids for the prevention of esophageal stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection. METHODS: Between January 2012 and December 2021, we enrolled 57 patients with post-ESD mucosal defects exceeding 3/4 of the esophageal circumference. Of them, the initial seven patients received oral steroid therapy and the subsequent 50 patients received 20-French NGT placements combined with oral steroid therapy. We retrospectively evaluated the rates of strictures and refractory strictures and explored risk factors for strictures with 20-French NGT. RESULTS: The overall esophageal stricture rate was 42.1% (24/57). In the noncircumferential group, the esophageal stricture rate in patients with only oral steroid to prevent esophageal stricture was 85.7% (6/7), while the esophageal stricture rate was only 4.3% (1/23) in those with 20-French NGT placements and oral steroid. All 27 patients with whole-circumferential resection received 20-French NGT placements. The stricture rate was 63.0% (17/27), and the refractory stricture rate was 17.6% (3/27). CONCLUSION: Using a 20-French NGT placement combined with oral steroid administration is an easy and safe alternative to prevent esophageal stricture after ESD, especially for patients with noncircumferential mucosal defects. Further studies are needed to develop an effective stricture prevention method for post-ESD whole-circumferential mucosal defects of the esophagus.	esophagus
ESOMIR: a curated database of biomarker genes and miRNAs associated with esophageal cancer.	'Esophageal cancer' (EC) is a highly aggressive and deadly complex disease. It comprises two types, esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), with Barrett's esophagus (BE) being the only known precursor. Recent research has revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the development, prognosis and treatment of EC and are involved in various human diseases. Biological databases have become essential for cancer research as they provide information on genes, proteins, pathways and their interactions. These databases collect, store and manage large amounts of molecular data, which can be used to identify patterns, predict outcomes and generate hypotheses. However, no comprehensive database exists for EC and miRNA relationships. To address this gap, we developed a dynamic database named 'ESOMIR (miRNA in esophageal cancer) (https://esomir.dqweilab-sjtu.com)', which includes information about targeted genes and miRNAs associated with EC. The database uses analysis and prediction methods, including experimentally endorsed miRNA(s) information. ESOMIR is a user-friendly interface that allows easy access to EC-associated data by searching for miRNAs, target genes, sequences, chromosomal positions and associated signaling pathways. The search modules are designed to provide specific data access to users based on their requirements. Additionally, the database provides information about network interactions, signaling pathways and region information of chromosomes associated with the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) or 5'UTR and exon sites. Users can also access energy levels of specific miRNAs with targeted genes. A fuzzy term search is included in each module to enhance the ease of use for researchers. ESOMIR can be a valuable tool for researchers and clinicians to gain insight into EC, including identifying biomarkers and treatments for this aggressive tumor. Database URL https://esomir.dqweilab-sjtu.com.	esophagus
Prognostic value and immune landscapes of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.	BACKGROUND: Precisely forecasting the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients is a formidable challenge. Cuproptosis has been implicated in ESCC pathogenesis; however, the prognostic value of cuproptosis-associated long noncoding RNAs (CuRLs) in ESCC is unclear. METHODS: Transcriptomic and clinical data related to ESCC were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using coexpression and Cox regression analysis to identify prognostically significant CuRLs, a prognostic signature was created. Nomogram models were established by incorporating the risk score and clinical characteristics. Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Rejection (TIDE) scores were derived by conducting an immune landscape analysis and evaluating the tumor mutational burden (TMB). Drug sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms and guide clinical dosing. RESULTS: Our risk score based on 5 CuRLs accurately predicted poorer prognosis in high-risk ESCC patients across almost all subgroups. The nomogram that included the risk score provided more precise prognostic predictions. Immune pathways, such as the B-cell receptor signaling pathway, were enriched in the datasets from high-risk patients. High TMB in high-risk patients indicated a relatively poor prognosis. High-risk patients with lower TIDE scores were found to benefit more from immunotherapy. High-risk patients exhibited greater responsiveness to Nilotinib, BI-2536, P22077, Zoledronate, and Fulvestrant, as revealed by drug sensitivity analysis. Real-time PCR validation demonstrated significant differential expression of four CuRLs between ESCC and normal cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: The above risk score and nomogram can accurately predict prognosis in ESCC patients and provide guidance for chemotherapy and immunotherapy.	esophagus
Induction of Kallikrein-Related Peptidase 13 and TET2/3 by Anticancer Drugs and Poor Prognosis of Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Preoperative Treatment.	BACKGROUND: Preoperative chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy has been generally considered for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to improve prognosis. We examined the effects of anticancer drugs on the expression of kallikrein-related peptidase 13 (KLK13), a potential ESCC prognostic marker, and its clinical relevance in patients who received chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for ESCC. METHODS: Overall, 105 patients with ESCC who received chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy before esophagectomy were enrolled. The expression of KLK13 in biopsy samples obtained before chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy and resected ESCC tumors was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. The effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and/or cisplatin (CDDP) exposure on the expressions of KLK13 and ten-eleven translocation dioxygenases (TET) in ESCC cells were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining of paired ESCC specimens before (biopsy samples) and after (resected specimens) chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy demonstrated a change in KLK13 expression. KLK13 and TET2/3 transcriptions were induced when human ESCC cell lines were treated with 5-FU and/or CDDP. Among patients with KLK13-negative status before chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy, those with KLK13-positive resected tumors had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with KLK13-negative resected tumors (p = 0.0477). By using tumor cells isolated from ESCC biopsy tissues obtained before chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy, we established a primary culture system and detected the induction of KLK13 expression by anticancer drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative treatments alter KLK13 expression in ESCC. The conversion of KLK13 expression from a negative status in biopsy samples to a positive status in resected tumor samples is a predictor of poor prognosis. KLK13 status is a potential marker for decision making to avoid harmful chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy in patients with ESCC.	esophagus
TP53 Mutations in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.	The occurrence and development of esophageal cancer involve multiple genetic abnormalities that contribute to the malignant transformation of esophageal epithelial cells, followed by invasion and metastasis, leading to a poor outcome. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant histological subtype of esophageal malignancy in East Asia, with approximately half of newly diagnosed ESCC cases occurring in China. The TP53 tumor suppressor gene mutation is one of the most common mutations in ESCC. TP53 mutations are observed even in the early phases of esophageal carcinogenesis. Normal functions of the p53 network are lost in cells of ESCC patients who harbor the mutant TP53 gene, inducing tumor development, radiation resistance, chemotherapy resistance, and immune suppression, promoting progression and metastasis, thereby resulting in an overall poor prognosis. Although clinical trials of several pharmacological compounds targeting mutational TP53 have been explored, novel approaches are still urgently required to improve the observed dismal survival. A better understanding of the role of the mutant TP53 gene in human ESCC might lead to the discovery of innovative targeted therapies to treat this malignancy.	esophagus
Atrial Flutter After Radiofrequency Ablation for Barrett's Esophagus: A Case Report.	BACKGROUND Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a metaplastic change in the normal esophageal squamous epithelium and is a well-recognized precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Nowadays, focal radiofrequency ablation is a valid technique for BE treatment by inducing a superficial and focal thermic destruction of metaplastic tissues. According to the literature, the most frequent patient-related adverse events of this procedure are esophageal iatrogenic stenosis, mucosal laceration or perforation of the esophagus, chest pain, and odynophagia/dysphagia. Postoperative heart rhythm abnormalities have been reported very rarely. CASE REPORT A 74-year-old patient with HE was treated by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with the Barrx™ catheter system. He had 2 symptomatic episodes of atrial flutter in the immediate postoperative period requiring an external electrical cardioversion to induce a return to sinus cardiac rhythm. After atrial flutter ablation, 2 more radiofrequency procedures were performed, without adverse events. A laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication was carried out with complete endoscopic and histologic eradication of BE after 12-month follow-up. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of atrial flutter after esophageal RFA. Different mechanisms acting on an anatomic predisposing substrate can potentially play a role in starting atrial flutter, and include inflammation, autonomic activation, and myocardial injury. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of this new type of adverse effect could potentially modify indications and postoperative monitoring of RFA treatment for BE. Endoscopists should know the possibility of this procedural complication in high-risk patients and they should propose alternative techniques or implement close cardiac monitoring in the postoperative period.	esophagus
Outcomes of early fiberoptic bronchoscopic sputum aspiration and lavage after thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophageal cancer surgery: a randomized clinical trial.	BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate the outcomes of patients who received early fiberoptic bronchoscopic sputum aspiration and lavage after thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy due to esophageal cancer. METHODS: A prospective randomized clinical trial was performed between March 2020 and June 2022. Patients who were scheduled for thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy due to esophageal cancer were enrolled. Then, these patients were assigned to the control group (traditional postoperative care) and study group (traditional postoperative care with early bronchoscopic sputum aspiration and lavage). The outcomes, which included the length of hospital stay and medical expenses, and postoperative complications, which included pulmonary infection, atelectasis, respiratory dysfunction and anastomotic leakage, were compared between these two groups. RESULTS: A total of 106 patients were enrolled for the present study, and 53 patients were assigned for the control and study groups. There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, and location of the esophageal cancer between the two groups. Furthermore, the length of hospital stay was statistically significantly shorter and the medical expenses were lower during hospitalization in the study group, when compared to the control group (12.3 ± 1.2 vs. 18.8 ± 1.3 days, 5.5 ± 0.9 vs. 7.2 ± 1.2 Chinese Yuan, respectively; all, P < 0.05). Moreover, there were statistically significantly fewer incidences of overall complications in study group, when compared to the control group (20.7% vs.45.2%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: For patients with esophageal cancer, early fiberoptic bronchoscopic sputum aspiration and lavage after thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy can shorten the length of hospital stay, and lower the medical expense and incidence of postoperative complications.	esophagus
Genomic signatures of past and present chromosomal instability in Barrett's esophagus and early esophageal adenocarcinoma.	The progression of precancerous lesions to malignancy is often accompanied by increasing complexity of chromosomal alterations but how these alterations arise is poorly understood. Here we perform haplotype-specific analysis of chromosomal copy-number evolution in the progression of Barrett's esophagus (BE) to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) on multiregional whole-genome sequencing data of BE with dysplasia and microscopic EAC foci. We identify distinct patterns of copy-number evolution indicating multigenerational chromosomal instability that is initiated by cell division errors but propagated only after p53 loss. While abnormal mitosis, including whole-genome duplication, underlies chromosomal copy-number changes, segmental alterations display signatures of successive breakage-fusion-bridge cycles and chromothripsis of unstable dicentric chromosomes. Our analysis elucidates how multigenerational chromosomal instability generates copy-number variation in BE cells, precipitates complex alterations including DNA amplifications, and promotes their independent clonal expansion and transformation. In particular, we suggest sloping copy-number variation as a signature of ongoing chromosomal instability that precedes copy-number complexity. These findings suggest copy-number heterogeneity in advanced cancers originates from chromosomal instability in precancerous cells and such instability may be identified from the presence of sloping copy-number variation in bulk sequencing data.	esophagus