crossing96/oncoscreening huggingface dataset:
Differences in postoperative communication patterns among patients with limited English proficiency following radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.	INTRODUCTION: Consistent urologic oncology follow-up after radical cystectomy (RC) improves survival. However, there is scarce literature describing postoperative communication. We aimed to identify differences in postoperative communication patterns and healthcare utilization among English-speaking patients (ESPs) and patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) following RC. METHODS: We conducted a single-institution, retrospective cohort study, examining patients who underwent RC for bladder cancer. We used propensity score matching to match 50 ESPs and 50 patients with LEP on age and sex. We abstracted patient demographics, postoperative communication and healthcare utilization within 90 days of surgery. We fit multivariable linear regression to investigate factors associated with postoperative communication frequency. RESULTS: Postoperative communication was common, with 82% of patients placing ≥1 phone call/message. ESPs communicated more than patients with LEP (6.04 vs. 3.80 average calls/messages), though this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.08). ESPs were more likely to initiate the communication themselves and have postoperative communication result in reassurance from the surgical team (P = 0.03), while patients with LEP were more likely to have a family member communicate on their behalf (P < 0.001) and have postoperative communication result in outpatient evaluation/treatment (P = 0.01). Patients with a neobladder reconstruction placed an increased number of phone calls/messages. There were no differences in postoperative healthcare utilization between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative communication is frequent following RC. ESPs communicated nearly twice as often as patients with LEP, suggesting a clinically relevant difference in patient communication following radical cystectomy. Primary language spoken is not associated with differences in postoperative healthcare utilization.	bladder
Diagnostic value of serum DR-70 levels, a new fibrin-related biomarker, in bladder cancer patients.	BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer has high morbidity and mortality rates when it is diagnosed at an advanced stage. The aim of our study is to determine the effect of the DR-70 protein in the diagnosis of bladder cancer and to evaluate its relationship with the grade of the disease. METHODS: Serum samples from 60 patients with bladder cancer and 24 control patients with macroscopic hematuria of benign etiology were included in the study. DR-70 levels were compared between the bladder cancer group and the control group. Additionally, a comparison was made between patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and those with muscle invasive disease. RESULTS: The median DR-70 level in the bladder cancer group was 1.08 U/mL (0.48-8.5), whereas it was 0.89 U/mL (0.29-1.76) in the control group. The DR-70 level was significantly greater in the bladder cancer group than in the control group (p = 0.012). DR-70 had a sensitivity of 73.3% and a specificity of 66.7% in detecting bladder cancer. On the other hand, the median DR-70 level was 1.06 U/mL (0.48-4.09) in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (Ta, T1) and 2.66 U/mL (0.57-8.5) in patients with invasive bladder cancer (T2). DR-70 levels were significantly greater in patients with invasive bladder cancer than in those with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (p = 0.021). Additionally, DR-70 had 72.7% sensitivity and 63.3% specificity in detecting muscle invasive bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with that in the control group, the protein level of DR-70 significantly increased in patients with bladder cancer and was greater in the group with muscle invasion.	bladder
Systematic review and meta-analysis of comparing open and robotic-assisted intracorporeal radical cystectomy: based on randomized controlled trials.	This study aims to compare perioperative outcomes between robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) and open radical cystectomy (ORC) using totally intracorporeal urinary diversion. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SpringerLink for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing RARC and ORC until September 2, 2025. Data on operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), hospital stay length (LOS), lymph node yield, positive surgical margin (PSM) rates, and complication rates at 30 and 90 days were extracted and pooled. A meta-analysis of four RCTs involving 523 patients showed that RARC was associated with a significantly longer operative time (WMD -74.36 min, p < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences between RARC and ORC in EBL, hospital stay, lymph node yield, PSM rates, or the incidence of major and overall complications at both 30-day and 90-day intervals. As the first comparative study focusing exclusively on totally intracorporeal urinary diversion, this analysis demonstrates that RARC, despite longer operative times, achieves perioperative outcomes comparable to ORC. This suggests RARC is a viable surgical alternative in this specific setting. However, these findings are preliminary and require validation through larger, multicenter RCTs with extended follow-up.	bladder
[Review of current methods of diagnosis and treatment of locally advanced urothelial bladder cancer].	Aggressive disease course, recurrences, and deterioration of patients quality of life remain significant challenges in the treatment of bladder cancer. Determining the indications for systemic therapy or radical treatment, the early detection, and the optimal timing for initiating adjuvant therapy are all crucial aspects in the management of urothelial carcinoma. The analysis of the literature on changes in diagnostics and therapeutic approaches to urothelial bladder cancer according to disease stage is presented in the article.	bladder
Comparing quality of life after robot assisted versus open radical cystectomy: A systematic review.	BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer is a common malignancy in both sexes. Robot-assisted approaches are increasingly used in its surgical management. Radical cystectomy can significantly affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL), typically assessed using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) that capture patients' physical, psychological, and social well-being. OBJECTIVES: To systematically compare HRQoL and functional outcomes following robot-assisted versus open radical cystectomy (RARC vs. ORC) for bladder cancer, and to evaluate the methodologies employed, including PROMs and postoperative assessment timepoints. METHODS: A systematic search of CENTRAL, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus (2000-2025) was performed for randomised and non-randomised studies comparing HRQoL outcomes after RARC and ORC. Eligible studies reporting PROM-based HRQoL were included. Data were extracted on patient characteristics, PROMs, and outcome domains, and synthesised descriptively. RESULTS: Nine studies involving 1,575 patients met inclusion criteria. Seven HRQoL domains were identified, assessed using 18 PROMs; the EORTC QLQ-C30 was most frequently applied (n = 4). HRQoL was typically assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months, with only one study extending beyond 12 months. Functional assessment was limited: one study employed the Internation Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) for male erectile function, none assessed female sexual function, and one reported objective continence outcomes. Across studies, no statistically significant differences in HRQoL were observed between RARC and ORC. However, heterogeneity in PROMs, inconsistent outcome reporting, and high risk of bias limited comparability. CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence does not demonstrate a HRQoL advantage of RARC over ORC. Standardisation of PROMs, consistent follow-up intervals, and inclusion of functional domains are essential to strengthen comparative evidence and inform the role of RARC as a potential new standard of care.	bladder
Hyperglycemia and bladder cancer prognosis in a Finnish population-based cohort.	BACKGROUND: Diabetes might increase risk of bladder cancer (BCa) incidence and bladder cancer specific death. OBJECTIVE: To assess the potential association between diabetes and prognosis of BCa. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Register-based cohort study included 14,638 participants with BCa diagnosed in Finland during 1995-2012. Three databases were used to obtain information on BCa, diabetes and comorbidities. Hyperglycemia was determined by blood glucose or HbA1c. The role of antidiabetic medication use was also assessed. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Associations between diabetes and BCa-specific and overall mortality were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression models. RESULTS AND LIMITATION: During median follow-up of 4.3 years after BCa diagnosis 3,582 (24.5%) participants died of BCa. Diabetic post-diagnostic blood glucose level was associated with worse BCa-specific HR 1.58 (1.10-2.28) and overall survival HR 1.50 (1.20-1.89). The risk increase was slightly lower among hyperglycemic DM medication users (HR 1.43 (0,68-3.02) than non-users HR 1.80 (1.13-2.85). The main limitation of this study was insufficient information on tobacco smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes and diabetic glycemic status were associated with increased risk of both overall and BCa-specific death. PATIENT SUMMARY: In a Finnish population-based cohort study, diabetic bladder cancer patients had worse prognosis compared to non-diabetics. This was observed in both genders.	bladder
The role of focal adhesion kinase in bladder cancer: translation from in vitro to ex vivo human urothelial carcinomas.	BACKGROUND: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, plays a crucial role in focal adhesion turnover by interfacing between the extracellular space, transmembrane integrins, and actin filaments. Its significance for the progression of several malignancies, including bladder cancer, has been well-documented. However, its precise role and the implications of its inhibition in bladder cancer tissues and urothelial in vitro models has not been fully explored. This study examined FAK expression and function in human bladder cancer biopsies and in vitro bladder cancer models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ex vivo analyses were performed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry to compare FAK expression between bladder cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues. In vitro, FAK expression was assessed in low-grade (LG) human non-invasive papilloma urothelial cell line RT4 for NMIBC (Ta), high-grade (HG) human muscle-invasive cancer urothelial cell line T24 for MIBC (T2) and normal porcine urothelial (NPU) cells using qRT-PCR and western blotting, as well as flow cytometry for the quantification of FAK-positive RT4 and T24 cells. The role of FAK in cancer cell survival was explored in vitro using microRNA (miRNA) to silence FAK expression. Additionally, we used FAK inhibitors PND-1186, PF-573228 and defactinib to investigate the effects of FAK inhibition on normal compared to cancerous bladder urothelial cells. RESULTS: Ex vivo analyses demonstrated significantly higher FAK expression in bladder cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Similarly, in vitro analyses showed significantly higher FAK expression in RT4 and T24 cells than NPU cells. Silencing FAK using anti-FAK plasmids led to increased caspase-3-mediated apoptosis of RT4 and T24 cells and growth reduction of stably transfected T24 cells. Importantly, based on cell viability assays, treatment with 100 μM defactinib for 2 hours per day on 3 consecutive days was identified as a clinically relevant regimen. Under this treatment, the viability of differentiated NPU cells remained high at 108.4 ± 17.1%, while the viability of 2-day RT4 and 2-day T24 cells was drastically reduced to 4.1 ± 2.7% and 7.6 ± 2.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the role of FAK and its inhibition across both normal and cancerous bladder urothelial models. This study highlights the critical role of FAK in the progression of human bladder cancer and establishes a foundation for exploring FAK inhibition as a potential therapeutic approach in bladder cancer treatment.	bladder
Patients' experiences of a standardized care pathway for suspected bladder cancer due to macroscopic hematuria.	OBJECTIVE: To explore patients' experiences navigating the Standardized Care Pathway (SCP) for macroscopic hematuria through semi-structured interviews. METHODS AND MATERIALS: An interview study was conducted to explore patients' experiences of SCP for macroscopic hematuria. The study employed content analysis with an inductive approach, as described by Lundman and Graneheim, to explore both explicit and implicit patterns in the data. Informants were recruited from an outpatient clinic for investigation of macroscopic hematuria, with interview questions derived from literature and clinical experience. Researchers immersed themselves in the data through repeated readings of transcripts, identifying meaning units that were coded and analyzed to develop subcategories reflecting similarities and differences. RESULTS: Twelve patients, with a median age of 71 years (58% women), participated in the study. Among them, one was diagnosed with urinary bladder cancer (UBC). The findings highlight a mix of appreciation and questioning associated with the SCP process, as patients valued the efficiency of one stop policy for testing but also experienced heightened anxiety. A lack of detailed and patient-centred communication emerged as a key issue, with primary care centers providing insufficient information. CONCLUSIONS: Although SCP is effective, it prompts consideration of whether it is suitable for all patients. A more individually tailored approach might be more appropriate, prioritizing rapid evaluation for those with a high likelihood of cancer while directing others to a standard diagnostic route. Continuing the one-stop policy was seen as beneficial.	bladder
Inguinoscrotal Herniation of an Orthotopic Neobladder: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.	INTRODUCTION: Bladder cancer (BC) is a common urological malignancy. Radical cystectomy (RC) is the standard therapeutic intervention for muscle-invasive BC (MIBC) and selected cases of non-MIBC, frequently necessitating subsequent urinary diversion. Orthotopic neobladder reconstruction is a commonly used option designed to preserve urinary continence. Delayed complications may manifest following RC and neobladder creation. This work presents a rare case of inguinoscrotal herniation involving an orthotopic neobladder, occurring 10 years after RC. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first reported case of this complication managed through conservative treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: A 58-year-old male with a history of RC and orthotopic neobladder substitution performed 10 years prior presented to the Emergency Department with pyrexia. Physical examination revealed a right-sided inguinoscrotal swelling. Diagnostic investigations confirmed a urinary tract infection. Ultrasonography identified the orthotopic neobladder within the hernia sac and determined a post-void residual volume of 400 cc. The patient was admitted for intravenous antibiotic therapy and correction of metabolic derangements. Planned surgical repair was deferred due to patient-specific factors and comorbidities. Manual hernia reduction was performed instead, followed by a regimen of four to six daily self-intermittent catheterisations, alongside lifestyle modifications and the prescription of a hernia truss. The patient has remained free of complications at 24 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Inguinoscrotal herniation of an orthotopic neobladder is an uncommon delayed complication following RC. Although previous reports describe surgical correction, this work indicates that conservative management-encompassing clean intermittent catheterisation, behavioural modifications and external support-may constitute a viable alternative for selected patients unsuitable for or declining surgical intervention. Comprehensive patient education and diligent long-term surveillance are imperative for successful conservative management.	bladder
Time to change the template: An oncologic appraisal of organ sparing cystectomy in the female patient.	Radical cystectomy (RC) in women for muscle invasive bladder cancer has traditionally involved a full anterior pelvic exenteration, often with significant impact on subsequent quality of life. We performed a nonsystematic literature review of English language peer-reviewed publications available in PubMed between 1980 and 2024. Key search terms included: radical cystectomy, sexual function, continent diversion, urinary diversion, organ sparing, nerve sparing, female, women, exenteration, oophorectomy, ovary sparing, salpingectomy, incontinence, quality of life, and reconstruction. Articles were assessed for relevance. Evidence supports the safety and functional advantages of nerve and organ sparing techniques in appropriately selected female patients. Preserving pelvic anatomy during RC may improve postoperative sexual function, continence, and quality of life. Counseling regarding sexual health and expectations for continence should be systematically integrated into pre and postoperative care. Organ sparing RC in women should be carefully considered in oncologically appropriate patients. Future studies should focus on optimizing patient reported outcomes and guiding shared decision making.	bladder
Protein kinase D2-mediated maintenance complex component 2 phosphorylation promotes bladder cancer progression.	BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer, a widely occurring malignant tumor worldwide, is closely related to the abnormal activation of numerous signaling pathways during its initiation, progression, and metastasis. Protein kinase D2 (PRKD2), as a member of the protein kinase D family, exerts a pivotal influence on human cancers. This research aimed to elucidate the involvement and mechanism of PRKD2 in bladder cancer. METHODS: PRKD2 expression was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting and tissue microarray (n = 30). Functional experiments were conducted to evaluate the biological phenotypes of cells, including CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry analysis, scratch wound healing assay, Transwell migration assay, and mouse xenograft model. The phosphorylation of MCM2 by PRKD2 was examined using site-directed mutagenesis and immunoprecipitation assay assays. RESULTS: Our results revealed markedly elevated expression levels of PRKD2 in bladder cancer compared to control tissues. Increased PRKD2 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, advanced TNM staging, and poorer prognosis. Functional experiments demonstrated that depletion of PRKD2 impeded the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, PRKD2 phosphorylates complex component 2 (MCM2) at serine 139. This phosphorylation drives the malignant progression of bladder cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: These findings offer new insights into regulatory mechanisms involving PRKD2 contributing to the malignancy of bladder cancer, thereby presenting a potential therapeutic target.	bladder
Canonical correlations among symptom clusters, symptom experience, and symptom cluster management in male patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a cross-sectional study.	PURPOSE: Patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) experience multiple symptoms; however, the symptom clusters they experience remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify symptom clusters in male patients with NMIBC and examine their associations with symptom experience (uncertainty and grit) and symptom cluster management (health behaviour). METHODS: This cross-sectional study analysed data collected using questionnaires administered via face-to-face interviews from 100 patients with NMIBC diagnosed after transurethral resection of bladder tumours between June and October 2024 at a tertiary hospital in a metropolitan city in South Korea. Data were analysed using descriptive analyses, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Spearman's rank correlations, exploratory factor analyses, and canonical correlation analyses, as appropriate. RESULTS: Five symptom clusters perceived by the patients with NMIBC were identified: sexual vitality dysfunction, anxiety, sexual dysfunction, urinary disorder discomfort, and abdominal distension. The canonical correlations among symptom clusters, symptom experience, and symptom cluster management was 0.60, representing a 36 % overlapping variance for the first pair of canonical variates. The canonical variates indicated that lower anxiety (Rs = -0.73), urinary discomfort (Rs = -0.49), abdominal distension (Rs = -0.43), and sexual vitality dysfunction (Rs = -0.49) were associated with lower uncertainty (Rs = -0.91), higher physical activity (Rs = 0.46), and lower alcohol consumption (Rs = -0.39). CONCLUSION: Emotional symptom clusters were more frequent in patients with NMIBC. The occurrence of symptom clusters was associated with more symptom experiences and less symptom cluster management. Thus, nurses should implement psychosocial interventions to reduce negative symptom experiences and to improve symptom cluster management.	bladder
Sevoflurane suppresses growth and metastasis of bladder cancer cells via inducing ferroptosis and antitumor microenvironment through Akt/mTOR/SREBP1 signaling.	Sevoflurane is a volatile anesthetic commonly used in clinics, and whether prolonged and repeated exposure to sevoflurane has a potential influence on bladder cancer progression is uncertain. Cell viability assays, transwell assays, flow cytometry, animal models, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, western blotting, and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were performed to evaluate the potential influence of sevoflurane on bladder cancer cells. Multiple rounds of sevoflurane treatment inhibited growth and metastasis and promoted reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation and ferroptosis in bladder cancer cells. In immunocompetent mice, repeated sevoflurane exposure induces an antitumor immune response in bladder cancer xenografts in vivo, whereas inhibition of ferroptosis abrogates this effect. Mechanistically, multiple rounds of sevoflurane exposure modulated lipid oxidation and lipogenesis in bladder cancer cells via the inhibition of Akt/mTOR/SREBP1 signaling, and reactivation of this signaling abrogated the influence of sevoflurane on ferroptosis and bladder cancer progression. Our results indicate that long-term and repeated exposure to sevoflurane suppresses the growth and metastasis of bladder cancer cells by inducing ferroptosis and the antitumor microenvironment by suppressing Akt/mTOR/SREBP1 signaling. Our data suggest a novel role of sevoflurane in bladder cancer progression and treatment.	bladder