crossing96/oncoscreening huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of circulating tumor DNA in urothelial carcinoma patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.	BACKGROUND: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a novel biomarker with the advantages of being non-invasive and enabling dynamic monitoring, providing significant clinical insights into the prognosis and management of malignancies. However, its prognostic role in patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remains controversial. This study aims to systematically review and perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic significance of ctDNA levels in this specific patient population. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and EMBASE databases to include studies published up to November 14, 2024, assessing the prognostic value of ctDNA in UC patients treated with ICI. Fixed-effects or random-effects models were used to evaluate the association between ctDNA levels and overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS)/disease-free survival (DFS). Funnel plots, Begg's test, and Egger's test were employed to assess publication bias. RESULTS: Nine studies from eight articles, comprising a total of 862 urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), were included in this meta-analysis. Seven studies investigated the association between baseline circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) status and clinical outcomes. Compared to patients without detectable ctDNA, those with elevated baseline ctDNA levels exhibited significantly shorter progression-free survival/disease-free survival (PFS/DFS) (HR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.36-5.58, P = 0.005), though no statistically significant difference was observed in overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.08, 95% CI = 0.83-5.24, P = 0.119). Additionally, we evaluated the prognostic value of ctDNA dynamics during ICI therapy. A decline or clearance of ctDNA levels was significantly associated with improved clinical outcomes (OS: HR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.02-0.47, P = 0.004; PFS/DFS: HR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.16-0.45, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis demonstrates that detectable ctDNA is significantly associated with PFS or DFS in patients with UC undergoing ICI therapy. Moreover, dynamic changes in ctDNA are strongly correlated with OS and PFS/DFS. Therefore, ctDNA serves as a valuable tool for pre-treatment diagnostic assessment and patient stratification and plays a crucial role in monitoring treatment response and tracking disease progression throughout therapy. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: www.inplasy.com, identifier INPLASY202520058.	bladder
Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of SH3YL1 and NOX4 in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.	Bladder cancer, especially muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), poses significant treatment challenges due to its aggressive nature and poor prognosis, often necessitating cisplatin-based chemotherapy. While cisplatin effectively reduces tumor burden, its nephrotoxic effects, specifically cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), limit its clinical use. This study investigates SH3YL1 as a potential biomarker for bladder cancer progression and AKI. Plasma and urine SH3YL1 levels were measured in bladder cancer patients undergoing cisplatin treatment, showing elevated baseline levels compared to controls, suggesting a link with bladder cancer pathology rather than cisplatin-induced AKI. Functional network and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses identified SH3YL1's interactions with NADPH oxidase pathways, particularly NOX family genes, and highlighted its roles in cell adhesion, migration, and cytoskeletal organization-processes critical for tumor invasiveness. Notably, SH3YL1 and NOX4 expression were significantly higher in MIBC than in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), with a strong correlation between SH3YL1 and NOX4 (r = 0.62) in MIBC, suggesting a subtype-specific interaction. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas bladder cancer (TCGA-BLCA) data further demonstrated that low SH3YL1 expression is significantly associated with poor overall and disease-specific survival in MIBC patients, reinforcing its role as a prognostic biomarker. In conclusion, SH3YL1 is a promising biomarker for identifying the invasive characteristics of MIBC and predicting patient outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of SH3YL1-NOX4 pathways in MIBC and suggest the need for further research into targeted biomarkers for bladder cancer progression and cisplatin-induced AKI to improve patient outcomes in high-risk cases.	bladder
A rare case report: Bladder endometriosis at the urachus.	Endometriosis is an uncommon condition, and its occurrence in the urachus is exceptionally rare. This case report highlights the extreme rarity of bladder endometriosis involving the urachal area. To the best of our knowledge, no such cases have been previously reported in the literature. The clinical presentation and imaging findings of this condition are extremely similar to those of urachal carcinoma, which makes the differential diagnosis particularly challenging. In this case, a 34-year-old woman presented with significant bladder irritative symptoms during menstruation. Imaging revealed a mass in the urachal region, but its characteristics remained uncertain. Cystoscopy showed only bladder compression, and the patient ultimately underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic partial cystectomy. Postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of bladder endometriosis. This case underscores the importance of considering bladder endometriosis in the differential diagnosis of masses in the urachal area, particularly when they resemble urachal cancer. Early surgical intervention and histopathological confirmation are essential to prevent disease progression.	bladder
Favorable 99m Tc-FAPI-46 Uptake in Primary Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Bladder.	We present a 34-year-old woman diagnosed with primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the bladder, confirmed after transurethral resection. Two years postinitial diagnosis, despite chemotherapy, she developed pulmonary and skeletal metastases, leading to progressive symptoms including cough, hemoptysis and refractory bone pain. She was evaluated via 99m Tc-FAPI-46 scintigraphy, which showed significant uptake in metastatic lesions, suggesting suitability for radio-ligand therapy. However, the patient's condition deteriorated rapidly, and she passed away before treatment could be initiated. This case underscores the sensitivity of FAPI-targeted imaging in mucinous adenocarcinoma of the bladder and highlights the need for further investigation into its therapeutic applications.	bladder
Reducing the effective dosage of Mitomycin C on a high-grade bladder cancer cell line through combination with selenium nanoparticles: An in vitro study.	This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of combining selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with mitomycin C (MMC) in treating the T24 high-grade bladder cancer cell line to decrease MMC dosage and alleviate its side effects. The T24 (EJ138) cell line was exposed to various concentrations of SeNPs and MMC to identify the IC50 values via the MTT assay. The IC50 of MMC was then lowered by 25%, 50%, and 75%, and different SeNPs concentrations were added, to find the new IC50 values of these combinations. Apoptosis rates were measured using Annexin-V/PI staining, while the DNA cell cycle was analyzed using the PI staining method. The scratch-wound assay, colony-forming assay, and Hoechst staining were employed to examine the cell migration, proliferative capacity, and nuclear morphology, respectively. Real-time PCR assessed the expression levels of SNAIL, E-cadherin, and genes related to angiogenesis and proliferation (VEGF-C and HIF-1α), alongside the apoptosis markers (Bcl-2 and BAX). The co-administration of SeNPs and MMC (178.8 µM SeNPs + 14.9 µM MMC) significantly increased the rate of early apoptosis in the T24 cell line compared to MMC alone (29.8 µM, p < 0.0001). Additionally, SeNPs and MMC induced cell cycle arrest at the SubG1/G1 and G2/M phases, respectively. This effect was observed in the combination group at both phases. Similar to MMC alone, the combination group inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration in T24 cells (p > 0.05). Our findings indicate that the treatment with the combination increased the expression of apoptosis-related genes and decreased angiogenesis and proliferation-related gene expression similar to MMC alone (p > 0.05). The combined administration of MMC and SeNPs enhances the antitumor efficacy on the T24 cell line. It is proposed that the concurrent use of SeNPs and MMC could effectively reduce the required dosage of MMC, thus minimizing its negative side effects.	bladder
Mechanistic study of Liquiritigenin inhibiting bladder cancer cell proliferation and migration by regulating STING1.	BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the most common malignant tumor in the urinary system, with a significantly higher incidence in men than in women, severely impacting quality of life. The STING1 gene (stimulator of interferon genes 1) plays a critical role in innate immunity by recognizing abnormal DNA and activating immune signaling pathways, promoting the expression of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. Liquiritigenin (LQG), a flavonoid compound extracted from licorice, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties, capable of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and invasion while regulating autophagy. This study aims to evaluate the role of LQG in regulating the STING1 gene and its anti-cancer mechanisms in bladder cancer. METHODS: This study employed a multidimensional approach, combining bioinformatics analysis with both in vitro and in vivo experimental validation. Bioinformatics was utilized to assess the expression, function, and immune-related analyses of the STING1 gene. In vitro experiments included CCK-8 assays and colony formation assays to evaluate cell proliferation; Transwell migration assays and wound healing assays to assess migratory capacity; flow cytometry to analyze apoptosis; and immunofluorescence to observe the accumulation of autophagosomes. Additionally, molecular docking analysis was conducted to explore the interaction between LQG and the STING protein, while Western blotting was used to elucidate key molecular pathways. In vivo studies employed a mouse xenograft tumor model to systematically evaluate the anti-tumor effects and safety of LQG. RESULTS: The results showed that STING1 expression was significantly lower in bladder cancer tissues compared to normal tissues. Functional enrichment analysis indicated a close relationship between STING1 and immune response regulation. High STING1 expression was positively associated with different types of immune cells and important immune checkpoints. Analysis of immunotherapy indicated that high STING1 expression was associated with favorable clinical responses. Molecular docking confirmed that LQG directly targets the STING protein. Experimental results demonstrated that LQG inhibits tumor cell survival by targeting STING and blocking autophagic flux. Additionally, LQG downregulated the expression of MMP2 and MMP9, inhibiting migration and invasion, while enhancing apoptosis by modulating Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 levels. CONCLUSION: These findings underscore the critical role of STING1 in the immunobiology of bladder cancer, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker for immunotherapy. The novel STING agonist LQG has multiple anti-tumor effects, including the modulation of apoptosis, inhibition of invasion, and enhancement of immune responses. This paves the way for future STING-targeted therapies in bladder cancer treatment.	bladder
Icing on the Cake: Integrating Optical Fiber with Second Near-Infrared Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogen for Exceptional Phototheranostics of Bladder Cancer.	"Bladder cancer is a common urological malignancy characterized by high morbidity, high recurrence rate and high mortality, imposing heavy burdens on patients mentally and financially. The research pioneers a diagnostic and therapeutic approach that integrates a second near-infrared (NIR-II) multimodal phototheranostic platform with optical fiber-mediated interventional phototherapy strategy, to implement a comprehensive diagnosis and ""inside-out"" treatment of bladder cancer. The proposed molecule, namely BTO-TTQ, is elaborately designed through electron donor/π-bridge engineering and demonstrates satisfying NIR-II emission with aggregation-induced emission features, high photothermal conversion efficiency, and prominent generation of type I reactive oxygen species. Quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations are employed to deeply elucidate the energy dissipation pathways of the excited state and the impact of intramolecular motion on their photophysical properties. Furthermore, under the guidance of NIR-II fluorescent-photoacoustic-photothermal trimodal imaging, hyaluronic acid-modified BTO-TTQ nanoparticles exhibit exceptional performance in optical fiber-mediated interventional phototherapy for air-pouch bladder cancer models. This study thus brings a new insight into the development of superior versatile phototheranostics for clinical theranostics of bladder cancer."	bladder
Light-Responsive Ru-Se Coordinated Nanoreactor Spatiotemporally Relieves Hypoxia for Photodynamic Therapy of Bladder Cancer.	Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been employed as a noninvasive treatment option for bladder cancer due to its controllability and minimal toxicity. However, the efficacy of PDT is often compromised by the hypoxic microenvironment of solid tumors. To address this challenge, our research is dedicated to developing a Ru-Se-Ce6 nanoreactor that combines the photoresponsiveness of Ru-Se coordination bonds and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggered by diselenide bonds, achieving dual-controlled release of the photosensitizer to enhance PDT effectiveness. The photoresponsive and catalytic characteristics of the nanoreactor were validated through synchrotron radiation and density functional theory calculations. Under laser irradiation, a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) within the ruthenium complex leads to the cleavage of the Ru-Se bond, resulting in the liberation of the ruthenium complex, which significantly improves the O(2) generation from H(2)O(2) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In vivo assessments demonstrated that Ru-Se-Ce6 disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential via excessive ROS production, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Additionally, Ru-Se-Ce6 has revealed significant tumor suppression in subcutaneous and orthotopic bladder tumor models while exhibiting good biocompatibility. These findings propose a potent and innovative approach for bladder cancer therapy.	bladder
Discovery of Artesunate (ARS) PROTACs as GPX4 protein degraders for the treatment of bladder cancer.	Bladder cancer is the second most prevalent malignancy of the urinary system worldwide, with high incidence and mortality rates. However, existing drugs for bladder cancer treatment often cause numerous adverse reactions. Although artesunate (ARS) exhibits anti-bladder cancer activity, its scope is rather limited and the specific targets remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, the Proteolysis-Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) technology was used to design and synthesize novel ARS derivatives. The antitumor activities of these compounds were evaluated against three human bladder cancer cell lines (T24, RT4, and J82). Of these compounds, A7 exhibited 12-fold stronger antiproliferative activity against bladder cancer cells than ARS. Molecular docking, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and western blotting studies demonstrated that A7 directly targeted and degraded glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protein through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. A7 further induced bladder cancer cell ferroptosis. Furthermore, A7 showed potent tumor suppressive activity in a xenograft T24 nude mouse model. In conclusion, our findings indicate that A7 exerts notable antitumor effects against bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. This study highlights the tremendous potential of the PROTAC technology in enhancing the efficacy of natural products and identifying therapeutic targets, demonstrating its broad application prospects in the development of natural products-based drugs.	bladder
"Efficacy and safety of robotic-assisted laparoscopic ""one-step"" radical nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff excision."	"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and safety of robotic-assisted laparoscopic ""one-step"" radical nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff excision. METHODS: The clinical data of 69 patients who underwent robotic-assisted laparoscopic ""one-step"" radical nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff excision at the Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, from January 2019 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and the surgical position, Trocar position, and key surgical steps were described, and the perioperative conditions, postoperative complications, and tumor recurrence rate at 1 year after the operation were also counted. The perioperative period, postoperative complications, and tumor recurrence rate at 1 year after surgery were also described. RESULTS: All 69 surgeries were successfully completed, the operation time was (149.66 ± 30.10) min, the bleeding volume was (64.57 ± 23.49) mL; the drainage tube was removed in (3.12 ± 2.41) days, the average hospitalization days were (4.62 ± 2.10), and 8 patients had Clavien-Dindo grade II complications. During the follow-up period, 3 cases of tumor recurrence, 1 case of incomplete intestinal obstruction, and serum creatinine (102.96 ± 37.03) µmol/L were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Robot-assisted laparoscopic ""one-step"" radical nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff excision has a good safety profile, which can effectively minimize the occurrence of postoperative complications, improve the prognosis and increase the survival rate of patients."	bladder
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Level Prior to First-Line Chemotherapy for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Is a Prognostic Factor for Avelumab Maintenance Therapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.	OBJECTIVES: We investigate the association between serum lactate dehydrogenase and prognosis in patients with urothelial carcinoma who were treated with avelumab maintenance therapy in combination with other biomarkers. METHODS: We identified 54 patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma that received avelumab maintenance therapy between June 2021 and February 2024 at our institutions. We retrospectively analyzed progression-free survival and overall survival from the initiation of avelumab maintenance therapy. Best overall response was evaluated based on the RECIST guidelines v1.1. To investigate factors potentially associated with response to avelumab maintenance therapy and overall survival, we conducted an assessment of markers that have been previously reported as prognostic factors, including urothelial carcinoma and other cancers. RESULTS: The median overall survival by best overall response of first-line chemotherapy was not reached for complete response, partial response, or 15-month stable disease (p = 0.27). As for avelumab maintenance therapy, median overall survival by best overall response was not reached for complete response, partial response, and not evaluable; it was 18 months for stable disease and 13 months for progressive disease, with significant differences (p = 0.04). In multivariable analysis, lactate dehydrogenase level below the upper limit of normal prior to first-line chemotherapy was a significant independent factor in predicting disease control rate (p < 0.01) and overall survival (p = 0.04) in avelumab maintenance therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Normal serum lactate dehydrogenase level prior to first-line chemotherapy was a significant predictor of favorable response or prognosis for avelumab maintenance therapy in our cohort.	bladder
[Bladder sparing options for muscle invasive high risk bladder cancer].	Radical cystectomy is not a suitable option for every patient with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Whereas radiotherapy (in combination with radio-sensitizing chemotherapy) is mentioned as an alternative in the current German S3 guideline, numbers are low in Germany compared to other countries. We try here to sum up the current evidence and data, especially regarding the definition of on optimal patient population to profit from this kind of therapy. Furthermore, we take a look at the role of cystectomy in the age of modern tumour therapy.	bladder
4-Methylpyrazole-mediated inhibition of cytochrome P450 2E1 protects renal epithelial cells, but not bladder cancer cells, from cisplatin toxicity.	Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of bladder cancer, though cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) occurs in ∼20% to 30% of patients, limiting its clinical use. Evidence has shown that cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), a drug metabolism enzyme expressed in proximal tubules, mediates the production of reactive oxygen species during cisplatin-induced injury. Previously, we showed that the repurposed drug 4-methylpyrazole (4MP) blocks CYP2E1 activity. Here, we investigated the potential protective effects of 4MP against CIN. Male and female C57BL/6J mice were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with a single 20 mg/kg dose of cisplatin for 3 days or 9 mg/kg/wk for 4 wk with or without 50 mg/kg 4MP as a co-treatment. Our findings revealed that acute treatment with cisplatin induced severe histological tubular damage and elevated plasma BUN and creatinine levels in male but not female mice. This difference correlated with higher basal CYP2E1 expression in the kidneys of male mice compared with female mice. We also found that cisplatin increased renal CYP2E1 activity and that inhibition of CYP2E1 with 4MP significantly reduced cisplatin-induced cell death in male mice and primary normal human kidney cells. By contrast, human bladder cancer cells do not express CYP2E1, and treatment with 4MP did not interfere with cisplatin's anticancer effects in human bladder cancer HTB9 cells. This study highlights the critical role of CYP2E1 in CIN and suggests that its inhibition with 4MP in the kidney is a potential prophylactic therapeutic option to prevent CIN in bladder cancer patients without affecting its antineoplastic effect.	bladder