crossing96/oncoscreening huggingface dataset:
The Prognosis of Urothelial Carcinoma Between Kidney Transplantation Recipients and Normal Patients: A Propensity Score-Matched Study.	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the difference in the characteristics and prognosis between kidney transplantation (KT) recipients and normal patients with urothelial carcinoma. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed the characteristics of the kidney-transplanted patients and the general patients who were diagnosed with urothelial carcinoma between 2013 and 2021. The non-kidney transplantation (NKT) group is matched with the KT group through propensity score matching (PSM) to adjust for confounders. We evaluated the prognosis including overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and progression-free survival (PFS). We compared the difference in the prognosis between the two groups using Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test. RESULT: The characteristics of 344 NKT patients and 42 KT recipients with urothelial carcinoma were included in this research. The percentage of females was significantly higher in the KT group than in the NKT group (p < 0.001). Tumors mostly occurred in the upper tract in the KT group and in the bladder cancer (BC) in the NKT group. After propensity score matching (PSM), overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in the KT group with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) than in the NKT group (p = 0.001), whereas recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival (PFS) were significantly lower in the KT group with UTUC+BC than in the NKT group (p = 0.028, 0.044). CONCLUSION: Patients with tumors that occur in both the bladder and upper urinary tract have a worse prognosis. Kidney transplantation recipients with only bladder or upper urinary tract UC have a prognosis that is no worse or even better than that of NKT patients.	bladder
Neoadjuvant PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.	Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as a potential treatment option for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), but their comparative efficacy and safety remain unclear. This meta-analysis evaluated pathological outcomes and adverse events of neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 inhibitors across different therapeutic approaches. A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases), from their inception to December 21, 2024, for studies investigating neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 inhibitors in patients with MIBC. Primary outcomes included pathological complete response (pCR), pathological partial response (pPR), downstaging (DS), and grade ≥3 immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled estimates, with subgroup analyses performed based on treatment strategy and inhibitor type. Twenty-nine studies were finally included, involving 33 treatment arms. The overall pooled pCR rate was 32.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.7%-37.7%), with PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy showing the highest rate (39.2%, 95% CI: 32.1%-46.3%), followed by dual checkpoint inhibition (27.6%, 95% CI: 15.5%-39.6%), and monotherapy (24.6%, 95% CI: 16.9%-32.3%). The overall pooled pPR was 45.3% (95% CI: 38.4%-52.2%), and DS rate was 62.9% (95% CI: 53.1%-72.8%). Grade ≥3 irAEs varied significantly by approach: 9.4% (95% CI: 6.0%-12.7%) for monotherapy, 24.9% (95% CI: 9.6%-40.2%) for dual checkpoint inhibition, and 14.2% (95% CI: 6.9%-21.5%) for combination with chemotherapy. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 inhibitors demonstrate promising efficacy in MIBC with acceptable toxicity profiles. Combination with chemotherapy provides the highest pathological response rates with moderate toxicity, while monotherapy offers a favorable safety profile that may benefit cisplatin-ineligible patients. These findings support the continued investigation of these approaches in ongoing Phase III trials.	bladder
A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the incidence, microbiological profile and risk factors associated with urinary tract infection after radical cystectomy.	We aimed to evaluate the incidence, microbiological patterns and risk factors of UTIs following radical cystectomy (RC). The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024586612). We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases for articles published until December 2024. The selected records consisted of observational studies with at least two of the following main outcomes: UTI incidence, urosepsis rate, positive urine culture rate, isolated pathogens in urine culture and UTI-associated factors in the 90-day period after RC. Risk of bias was assessed for single-arm and nonrandomised comparative studies. We identified 1845 records and included 17 studies, comprising 18,976 patients who underwent RC. Overall, the pooled 90-day UTI incidence after RC was 21% (95% CI, 17%-25%). Among patients who develop UTI, pooled incidence of urosepsis was 25% (95% CI, 19%-32%). Pooled urine culture positivity reached 79% (95% CI, 74%-84%), with a 25% (95% CI, 17%-34%) and 11% (95% CI, 6%-18%) rate of polymicrobial and fungal infections, respectively. Pooled prevalence of common bacterial isolates obtained from urine cultures was 26% (95% CI, 18%-35%) for Escherichia coli, 26% (95% CI, 17%-35%) for Enterococcus spp. and 12% (95% CI, 8%-16%) for Klebsiella pneumoniae. Risk factors for 90-day UTI after RC included estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) (RR 1.75, 95% CI, 1.44-2.12), orthotopic neobladder (RR 2.02, 95% CI, 1.17-3.48), postoperative hydronephrosis (RR 1.73, 95% CI, 1.28-2.34) and ureterointestinal stricture (RR 1.98, 95% CI, 1.65-2.38). UTIs are common after RC and clinically present as urosepsis in nearly 25% of cases. A high rate of mixed infections is observed, and the rate of fungal infection can reach 10%. These findings are important for patient counselling and may be utilised to guide empirical antibiotic treatment in everyday clinical practice.	bladder
Unveiling tectorigenin: A novel ferroptosis inducer targeting EGFR in bladder cancer.	BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer is a frequently occurring urinary tumour with significant incidence and mortality rates. Tectorigenin, extracted from Belamcanda chinensis (L.) Redouté, possesses several biomedical activities, including anticancer properties. PURPOSE: To investigate the effectiveness and mechanism of tectorigenin in bladder cancer. METHODS: Tectorigenin's effects and mechanisms were investigated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) test, fluorescence detection, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blotting, ferroptosis analysis, molecular dynamics simulations, and molecular docking. Tectorigenin's effects were also evaluated in the 5637 cell xenograft model. RESULTS: Tectorigenin significantly inhibited tumour growth and decreased Ki67 levels with no significant organ damage and toxicity. And the anti-tumour effects of tectorigenin (100 mg/kg) were similar to those of the cisplatin (3 mg/kg) group. In vitro experiments indicated that tectorigenin inhibited cell proliferation, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), induced apoptosis, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in T24 and 5637 cell lines. Moreover, tectorigenin induced ferroptosis, as demonstrated by mitochondrial damage detected via TEM, increased Fe²⁺ concentrations, and reduced levels of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (xCT), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and glutathione (GSH). All ferroptosis effects elicited by tectorigenin were attenuated by deferoxamine (DFO). The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was recognised as a crucial target, with tectorigenin demonstrating a notable binding affinity of -8.0 kcal/mol. Additionally, the ferroptotic effects, induction of apoptosis, increase in ROS, and decrease in MMP of tectorigenin on 5637 cells were reversed by EGF pretreatment. Moreover, tectorigenin suppressed tumour growth in bladder cancer, and its anticancer effect was partially diminished by DFO. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to propose that tectorigenin functions as a novel agent that induces ferroptosis in bladder cancer by targeting EGFR. Our findings reveal a novel therapeutic mechanism and lay the groundwork for developing targeted treatments for bladder cancer.	bladder
The role of 3D preclinical models in the Era of precision medicine: A bladder cancer perspective.	Bladder cancer (BCa) remains one of the most challenging malignancies in oncology, driven by deep molecular heterogeneity, dynamic tumor evolution and complex tumor-microenvironment interactions. Despite advances in molecular characterization and the introduction of new treatments, translating biological knowledge into meaningful clinical benefits remains a major bottleneck. In recent years, next-generation 3D preclinical models have emerged as essential tools to recapitulate BCa complexity, offering new opportunities to investigate tumor biology and support the development of personalized treatment strategies. This review provides an overview of available 3D models for BCa, discusses their application and highlights their growing integration into clinical trials to guide real-time therapeutic decisions.	bladder
Vesical perfusion volume and internal iliac pressure during double balloon-occluded arterial infusion chemotherapy for bladder cancer.	BACKGROUND: This study investigated the correlation between decreased internal iliac arterial blood pressure (IIABP) and blood perfusion volume within the vesical artery region during double-balloon-occluded arterial infusion chemotherapy (D-BOAI) for invasive bladder cancer, utilizing two-dimensional perfusion angiography (2D-PA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients were enrolled in this study. A double-balloon catheter was positioned into the contralateral internal iliac artery via the femoral artery approach. The catheter's side hole, located between the distal and proximal balloons, facilitated angiographic visualization of the contrast medium (CM) flow into the urinary bladder. Hemodynamic analysis of the CM in the pelvic arteries during D-BOAI was conducted using 2D-PA. Regions of interest (ROIs) were delineated at the side hole (A) as the outflow point for CM and in the vesical artery region (B). The ratio of the area under the curve (AUC) of CM at each ROI (C = B/A) was computed. The decrease in IIABP (D) following balloon occlusion was recorded at the catheter side hole. The relationship between C and D was analyzed using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. RESULTS: A total of 32 sides from 16 patients were analyzed. The mean C value was 0.39, and the mean D value was 55.2 mmHg, while the mean IIABP post-occlusion measured 66.2 mmHg. A significant positive correlation between C and D was identified, with a correlation coefficient of 0.704 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrate a significant positive correlation between blood perfusion volume in the vesical artery region and the reduction in IIABP following balloon occlusion. RELEVANCE STATEMENT: Our results suggest that decreased IIABP after balloon occlusion could result in high concentrations of anticancer drugs in the vesical artery region, and favorable local tumor control in bladder cancer. KEY POINTS: D-BOAI chemotherapy can treat invasive bladder cancer without radical cystectomy. IIABP and flow persist to some extent even following double balloon occlusion. 2D-PA allowed quantitative evaluation of vesical arterial perfusion volume in D-BOAI.	bladder
Multi-parameter precise molecular profiling of bladder cancer based on aptamer probe package.	With the rapid advancement of molecular biology and biosensing technologies, precise molecular profiling of cancers based on their molecular characteristics has become an urgent need to guide individualized treatment. Molecular profiling of bladder cancer is therefore of critical importance for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis monitoring, providing a key direction for precise medicine. Here, we developed a novel strategy for multi-parameter precise molecular profiling of bladder cancer based on an aptamer probe package. A series of high specificity and affinity aptamers against bladder cancer were successfully generated by several individual SELEX against different types of samples, including different grades of bladder cancer cell lines and clinical urine samples. Then, a bladder cancer aptamer probe package was constructed using enriched libraries, which can effectively distinguish different grades of bladder cancer cells with normal cells. Moreover, the high-throughput sequencing analysis was highly consistent with the results of fluorescence labeling-based flow cytometry, indicating that the aptamer probe package-based high-throughput sequencing approach is capable of comprehensive and multi-dimensional molecular profiling of bladder cancer cells. Finally, the aptamer probe package-based detection of clinical urine samples suggested that it was effective in differentiating between bladder cancer patients and healthy individuals, and demonstrated significant capability in distinguishing pre- and post-operative samples. This detection strategy based on the aptamer probe package provides a novel and multiparameter detection method for precise molecular classification, treatment guidance, and prognosis monitoring of bladder cancer.	bladder
Pan-urethral condyloma acuminatum in a bladder cancer patient.	This case describes a male renal transplant recipient in his 70s with a history of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer who presented with a urethral mass initially concerning for malignancy. Histopathological analysis revealed condyloma acuminatum due to low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), which rarely occurs in the urethra. The patient underwent transurethral resection with close cystoscopic surveillance. This report highlights the importance of considering benign HPV-related lesions in the differential diagnosis of urethral masses in high-risk populations and emphasises the need for individualised, multidisciplinary management and close follow-up to optimise outcomes.	bladder
ABCC6 Transporter Contributed to Cisplatin Resistance on Bladder Cancer.	Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the most common urological malignancies worldwide, including in Taiwan, where its incidence has been increasing. It accounts for approximately 3% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases. Drug resistance remains a major challenge in BLCA treatment, particularly at the metastatic stage, where only 35% of metastatic BLCA patients respond to cisplatin chemotherapy, and most eventually develop resistance. In the present study, we established cisplatin-resistant BLCA cell models (T24 and UMUC3) and analyzed ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. We identified ABC transporter C member 6 (ABCC6) as a crucial transporter upregulated in cisplatin-resistant BLCA cells. Further analysis showed that ABCC6 knockdown affected autophagy-related markers, and inhibition of autophagy using bafilomycin A1 (BafA1) and chloroquine (CQ) reversed cisplatin resistance. These findings suggest that ABCC6 contributes to cisplatin resistance in BLCA through autophagy regulation. Our study highlights ABCC6 as a crucial factor in BLCA cisplatin resistance, with autophagy playing a significant role in this mechanism. Targeting autophagy may offer a potential strategy to overcome chemoresistance in BLCA. Future research should focus on validating these findings in clinical samples and exploring ABCC6 inhibitors or autophagy modulators as therapeutic options.	bladder
Exploring the Synthesis, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Tumor Potential of 4-Maleimidylphenyl-Hydrazide Derivatives.	The design of innovative compounds displaying anti-inflammatory activity in oncological context is a subject of great interest in drug development. It has been proved that a pro-inflammatory microenvironment which accelerates cancer growth and cellular differentiation is often present in malignant bladder tumor. In earlier work, we reported the synthesis of p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives that act as anti-inflammatory compounds able to inhibit the pro-inflammatory markers present in bladder cancer microenvironment. DAB-1 rapidly emerged as an effective lead candidate in this investigation, with its ability to shrink by 90% in 25 days the size of human bladder cancer tumors in an ectopic mouse model. This manuscript discloses the synthesis of 23 new hydrazide derivatives of DAB-1 and reports their in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation. It was discovered that most of the new compounds are essentially nontoxic against RAW 264.7 cells, as evaluated by an MTT assay. Anti-inflammatory activity of the new derivatives was investigated by evaluation of their impact on cellular nitric oxide production, measured by a Griess assay. Some compounds did significatively inhibit nitric oxide production much more effectively than the original DAB-1. Striking activity of 14, which is around four times more potent than DAB-1, promotes this derivative as new lead compound in this study. The study of these analogs reveals that a phenolic/anisole core is a key component to achieve high biological activity. Furthermore, mice models of acute inflammation and invasive BCa tumors were used to assess the in vivo impact of derivative 14, and it was found that this compound does reduce inflammation in these mice, possess similar anti-inflammatory activity but higher anti-tumoral activity compared to DAB-1 with no apparent signs of toxicity.	bladder
Functional and Mechanistic Insights of 3-Hydroxybutyrate (3-OBA) in Bladder Cancer.	Bladder cancer (BC), particularly muscle-invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC), remains a clinical challenge due to frequent recurrence, chemoresistance, and limited treatment options. This study investigates the functional and mechanistic insights of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OBA), a ketone body with known metabolic and epigenetic roles, in muscle-invasive UBC models. 3-OBA significantly inhibited cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion in T24 and HT1376 cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, 3-OBA impaired tumor growth and angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model. Mechanistically, 3-OBA did not alter the expression of the G-protein-coupled lactate receptor GPR81 or associated markers (phospho-ERK1/2, LDHA, MCT1/4, CD147), indicating its antitumor effects are GPR81-independent. Moreover, extracellular lactate modulation upon 3-OBA treatment varied between cell lines, with HT1376 cells showing reduced lactate production under nutrient deprivation, suggesting cell-specific metabolic responses to 3-OBA. These findings highlight 3-OBA's potential as a metabolic modulator with antitumor efficacy in UBC, particularly in metabolically constrained tumors. However, its dual role-as both a potential energy source and therapeutic agent-demands context-specific investigation. Future studies should focus on patient stratification and preclinical validation to clarify 3-OBA's therapeutic window and mechanism of action in bladder cancer.	bladder
Trends in genitourinary tumors: Academic center experience over 16 years.	OBJECTIVES: To analyze the trends, histopathological characteristics, and demographic distribution of genitourinary (GU) tumors at a major academic center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, over a 16-year period (2007-2023). METHODS: A retrospective review of electronic medical records was conducted, including all histologically confirmed cases of GU tumors. Data on patient demographics, tumor type, and histopathological findings were extracted and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. RESULTS: A total of 1,791 GU tumor cases were identified. Bladder cancer was the most prevalent (42%), followed by prostate cancer (21%) and renal cell carcinoma (21%). Testicular and ureteral tumors were less common, with scrotal and penile malignancies being rare (<1%). The mean age at diagnosis varied significantly, with prostate and bladder cancers occurring predominantly in older patients, while testicular tumors were diagnosed at a younger age. A significant rise in kidney and bladder cancer diagnoses was observed, potentially linked to improved screening and environmental factors. CONCLUSION: This study provides valuable insights into the epidemiological trends of GU tumors in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the need for early detection and targeted screening. Further research is needed to explore contributing factors and optimize treatment approaches.	bladder
Hexaminolevulinate-enhanced photodynamic diagnosis in the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC): the influence of differing European health care payment systems on the potential financial impact of adoption.	INTRODUCTION: The management of NMIBC is based on primary resection, followed by a surveillance programme stratified according to the risk status of the tumour. The completeness of the primary resection will determine the likelihood of early recurrence and requirement for re-resection. The use of photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) has been shown to extend the median time to first recurrence compared to white-light cystoscopy alone (WLC). However, PDD requires the use of a fluorescent imaging agent, which incurs an additional cost. This analysis explores the impact of the health care payment system on the budgetary impact of PDD adoption by a hospital. METHODS: A previously published budget impact model was adapted to allow for the exploration of costs across four different payment environments: Denmark, France, Italy and Finland. Using the same set of clinical assumptions around disease risk profiles, recurrence rates and usage of PDD, coupled with country-specific costs, the net budget impact per patient with NMIBC was estimated for each country over a 3-year time horizon. The analysis was carried out from the perspective of a hospital with a protocol-driven strategy for PDD adoption. RESULTS: In Denmark, with a differential tariff system between PDD and WLC, the additional cost of the technology was fully offset by the tariff, with a net surplus of €170 per patient. In France and Italy, with a flat-rate tariff, there was a net cost of €108 and €120 per patient respectively. In Finland, with a block contract system, the net cost per patient was €206. CONCLUSIONS: Despite a consistent clinical benefit associated with PDD, differences in healthcare payment systems across Europe impact on its net financial impact. The use of flexible budgetary impact models may allow tailored implementation plans to be developed, allowing local needs to be balanced with cost consequences., thereby allowing for targeted adoption.	bladder