Language: C++

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>

template<typename type>
std::vector<type> input_value(std::istream& ist, int n = 0)
{
	type buffer;
	std::vector<type> ret;

	if (n > 0)
		ret.reserve(n);

	while (ist >> buffer) {
		ret.push_back(buffer);
	}

	return ret;
}

int main()
{
	int n, count{ 0 };
	std::string str;

	std::cin >> n;
	std::cin >> str;

	std::vector<int> rabbits{ input_value<int>(std::istringstream(str), n) };
	for (auto i{ 0 }; i < rabbits.size(); ++i) {
		if (i == rabbits.at(rabbits.at(i)))
			++count;
	}

	std::cout << count << std::endl;
}

Compiler output:
a.cc: In function 'int main()':
a.cc:29:57: error: cannot bind non-const lvalue reference of type 'std::istream&' {aka 'std::basic_istream<char>&'} to an rvalue of type 'std::basic_istream<char>'
   29 |         std::vector<int> rabbits{ input_value<int>(std::istringstream(str), n) };
      |                                                         ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
a.cc:6:45: note:   initializing argument 1 of 'std::vector<type> input_value(std::istream&, int) [with type = int; std::istream = std::basic_istream<char>]'
    6 | std::vector<type> input_value(std::istream& ist, int n = 0)
      |                               ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~
a.cc:29:80: error: no matching function for call to 'std::vector<int>::vector(<brace-enclosed initializer list>)'
   29 |         std::vector<int> rabbits{ input_value<int>(std::istringstream(str), n) };
      |                                                                                ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/vector:66,
                 from a.cc:3:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:707:9: note: candidate: 'template<class _InputIterator, class> std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, const allocator_type&) [with <template-parameter-2-2> = _InputIterator; _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>]'
  707 |         vector(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
      |         ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:707:9: note:   candidate expects 2 arguments, 1 provided
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:678:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(std::initializer_list<_Tp>, const allocator_type&) [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>; allocator_type = std::allocator<int>]'
  678 |       vector(initializer_list<value_type> __l,
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:678:7: note:   conversion of argument 1 would be ill-formed:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:659:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>&&, std::__type_identity_t<_Alloc>&) [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>; std::__type_identity_t<_Alloc> = std::allocator<int>]'
  659 |       vector(vector&& __rv, const __type_identity_t<allocator_type>& __m)
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:659:7: note:   candidate expects 2 arguments, 1 provided
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:640:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>&&, const allocator_type&, std::false_type) [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>; allocator_type = std::allocator<int>; std::false_type = std::false_type]'
  640 |       vector(vector&& __rv, const allocator_type& __m, false_type)
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:640:7: note:   candidate expects 3 arguments, 1 provided
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:635:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>&&, const allocator_type&, std::true_type) [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>; allocator_type = std::allocator<int>; std::true_type = std::true_type]'
  635 |       vector(vector&& __rv, const allocator_type& __m, true_type) noexcept
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:635:7: note:   candidate expects 3 arguments, 1 provided
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:624:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(const std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>&, std::__type_identity_t<_Alloc>&) [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>; std::__type_identity_t<_Alloc> = std::allocator<int>]'
  624 |       vector(const vector& __x, const __type_identity_t<allocator_type>& __a)
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:624:7: note:   candidate expects 2 arguments, 1 provided
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:620:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>&&) [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>]'
  620 |       vector(vector&&) noexcept = default;
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:620:7: note:   conversion of argument 1 would be ill-formed:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:601:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(const std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>&) [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>]'
  601 |       vector(const vector& __x)
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:601:7: note:   conversion of argument 1 would be ill-formed:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:569:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(size_type, const value_type&, const allocator_type&) [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>; size_type = long unsigned int; value_type = int; allocator_type = std::allocator<int>]'
  569 |       vector(size_type __n, const value_type& __value,
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:569:7: note:   candidate expects 3 arguments, 1 provided
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:556:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(size_type, const allocator_type&) [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>; size_type = long unsigned int; allocator_type = std::allocator<int>]'
  556 |       vector(size_type __n, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:556:7: note:   conversion of argument 1 would be ill-formed:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:542:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(const allocator_type&) [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>; allocator_type = std::allocator<int>]'
  542 |       vector(const allocator_type& __a) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:542:7: note:   conversion of argument 1 would be ill-formed:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:531:7: note: candidate: 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector() [with _Tp = int; _Alloc = std::allocator<int>]'
  531 |       vector() = default;
      |       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_vector.h:531:7: note:   candidate expects 0 arguments, 1 provided