Language: C++

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define for0(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
#define for1(i, n) for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
#define pb push_back
#define mp make_pair
#define all(v) v.begin(), v.end()
#define V vector<int>
#define VP vector<pair<int, int> >
#define FASTIO ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0)
#define index INDEX
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
#define print(x) PRINT(x, #x)
template<typename T> inline const void PRINT(T VARIABLE, const string& NAME) {
    cerr << NAME << " = " << fixed << VARIABLE << '\n';
}
#else
#define print(x) 0
#endif
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef long double ld;
const ll INFLL = 2 * (ll)1e18 + 100;
const int INFINT = 2 * (int)1e9 + 100;
const double PI = atan(1) * 4;
const double EPS = 1e-6;
const int SEED = (int)1e3 + 7;
const int MOD = (int)1e9 + 7;
const int NMAX = (int)1e6 + 5;

#define int ll

vector<pair<int, int> > v;
int n;
int sol = 1;
map<int, int> trecut;


int32_t main() {
    FASTIO;
    trecut[1] = 1;
    cin >> n;
    int a;
    cin >> a;
    v.pb({1, a});
    int prev = a;
    for1(i, n - 1) {
        cin >> a;
        if(prev == a) {
            if(v.size() == 1) {
                v[0].second--;
                if(!trecut[v[0].first + 1]) {
                    trecut[v[0].first + 1] = 1;
                    sol++;
                }
                v.push_back({v[0].first + 1, 1});
            }
            else {
                if(v[v.size() - 1].first > v[v.size() - 2].first) {
                    v[v.size() - 2].second--;
                    v[v.size() - 1].second++;
                }
                else {
                    v[v.size() - 1].second--;
                    if(!trecut[v[v.size() - 1].first + 1]) {
                        trecut[v[v.size() - 1].first + 1] = 1;
                        sol++;
                    }
                    v.push_back({v[v.size() - 1].first + 1, 1});
                }
            }
        }
        else if(a > prev) {
            int here = a - prev;
            v.push_back({1, here});
        }
        else {
            int here = prev;
            while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
            {
                here -= v.back().second;
                v.pop_back();
            }
            
            v[v.size() - 1].second -= here - a + 1;
            if(!trecut[v.back().first + 1]) {
                sol++;
                trecut[v.back().first + 1] = 1;
            }
            v.push_back({v.back().first + 1, 1});
        }
        if(v.size() > 1 && v[v.size() - 2].second == 0) {
            swap(v[v.size() - 2], v[v.size() - 1]);
            v.pop_back();
        }
        prev = a;
    }
    cout << sol;


    return 0;
}


Compiler output:
a.cc: In function 'int32_t main()':
a.cc:79:35: error: no match for 'operator-' (operand types are '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<std::pair<long long int, long long int> >, std::pair<long long int, long long int> >::value_type' {aka 'std::pair<long long int, long long int>'} and 'll' {aka 'long long int'})
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:67,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/algorithm:60,
                 from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/14/bits/stdc++.h:51,
                 from a.cc:1:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:618:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _IteratorL, class _IteratorR> constexpr decltype ((__y.base() - __x.base())) std::operator-(const reverse_iterator<_Iterator>&, const reverse_iterator<_IteratorR>&)'
  618 |     operator-(const reverse_iterator<_IteratorL>& __x,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:618:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<std::pair<long long int, long long int> >, std::pair<long long int, long long int> >::value_type' {aka 'std::pair<long long int, long long int>'} is not derived from 'const std::reverse_iterator<_Iterator>'
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:1790:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _IteratorL, class _IteratorR> constexpr decltype ((__x.base() - __y.base())) std::operator-(const move_iterator<_IteratorL>&, const move_iterator<_IteratorR>&)'
 1790 |     operator-(const move_iterator<_IteratorL>& __x,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:1790:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<std::pair<long long int, long long int> >, std::pair<long long int, long long int> >::value_type' {aka 'std::pair<long long int, long long int>'} is not derived from 'const std::move_iterator<_IteratorL>'
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/ccomplex:39,
                 from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/14/bits/stdc++.h:127:
/usr/include/c++/14/complex:370:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> std::operator-(const complex<_Tp>&, const complex<_Tp>&)'
  370 |     operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/complex:370:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<std::pair<long long int, long long int> >, std::pair<long long int, long long int> >::value_type' {aka 'std::pair<long long int, long long int>'} is not derived from 'const std::complex<_Tp>'
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/complex:379:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> std::operator-(const complex<_Tp>&, const _Tp&)'
  379 |     operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/complex:379:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<std::pair<long long int, long long int> >, std::pair<long long int, long long int> >::value_type' {aka 'std::pair<long long int, long long int>'} is not derived from 'const std::complex<_Tp>'
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/complex:388:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> std::operator-(const _Tp&, const complex<_Tp>&)'
  388 |     operator-(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/complex:388:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   mismatched types 'const std::complex<_Tp>' and 'll' {aka 'long long int'}
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/complex:465:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> std::operator-(const complex<_Tp>&)'
  465 |     operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/complex:465:5: note:   candidate expects 1 argument, 2 provided
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/valarray:605,
                 from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/14/bits/stdc++.h:166:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/valarray_after.h:406:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Dom1, class _Dom2> std::_Expr<std::__detail::_BinClos<std::__minus, std::_Expr, std::_Expr, _Dom1, _Dom2>, typename std::__fun<std::__minus, typename _Dom1::value_type>::result_type> std::operator-(const _Expr<_Dom1, typename _Dom1::value_type>&, const _Expr<_Dom2, typename _Dom2::value_type>&)'
  406 |     _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(-, struct std::__minus)
      |     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/valarray_after.h:406:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<std::pair<long long int, long long int> >, std::pair<long long int, long long int> >::value_type' {aka 'std::pair<long long int, long long int>'} is not derived from 'const std::_Expr<_Dom1, typename _Dom1::value_type>'
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/valarray_after.h:406:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Dom> std::_Expr<std::__detail::_BinClos<std::__minus, std::_Expr, std::_Constant, _Dom, typename _Dom::value_type>, typename std::__fun<std::__minus, typename _Dom1::value_type>::result_type> std::operator-(const _Expr<_Dom1, typename _Dom1::value_type>&, const typename _Dom::value_type&)'
  406 |     _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(-, struct std::__minus)
      |     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/valarray_after.h:406:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<std::pair<long long int, long long int> >, std::pair<long long int, long long int> >::value_type' {aka 'std::pair<long long int, long long int>'} is not derived from 'const std::_Expr<_Dom1, typename _Dom1::value_type>'
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/valarray_after.h:406:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Dom> std::_Expr<std::__detail::_BinClos<std::__minus, std::_Constant, std::_Expr, typename _Dom::value_type, _Dom>, typename std::__fun<std::__minus, typename _Dom1::value_type>::result_type> std::operator-(const typename _Dom::value_type&, const _Expr<_Dom1, typename _Dom1::value_type>&)'
  406 |     _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(-, struct std::__minus)
      |     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/valarray_after.h:406:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   mismatched types 'const std::_Expr<_Dom1, typename _Dom1::value_type>' and 'll' {aka 'long long int'}
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/valarray_after.h:406:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Dom> std::_Expr<std::__detail::_BinClos<std::__minus, std::_Expr, std::_ValArray, _Dom, typename _Dom::value_type>, typename std::__fun<std::__minus, typename _Dom1::value_type>::result_type> std::operator-(const _Expr<_Dom1, typename _Dom1::value_type>&, const valarray<typename _Dom::value_type>&)'
  406 |     _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(-, struct std::__minus)
      |     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/valarray_after.h:406:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<std::pair<long long int, long long int> >, std::pair<long long int, long long int> >::value_type' {aka 'std::pair<long long int, long long int>'} is not derived from 'const std::_Expr<_Dom1, typename _Dom1::value_type>'
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/valarray_after.h:406:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Dom> std::_Expr<std::__detail::_BinClos<std::__minus, std::_ValArray, std::_Expr, typename _Dom::value_type, _Dom>, typename std::__fun<std::__minus, typename _Dom1::value_type>::result_type> std::operator-(const valarray<typename _Dom::value_type>&, const _Expr<_Dom1, typename _Dom1::value_type>&)'
  406 |     _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(-, struct std::__minus)
      |     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/valarray_after.h:406:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   mismatched types 'const std::_Expr<_Dom1, typename _Dom1::value_type>' and 'll' {aka 'long long int'}
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/valarray:1197:1: note: candidate: 'template<class _Tp> std::_Expr<std::__detail::_BinClos<std::__minus, std::_ValArray, std::_ValArray, _Tp, _Tp>, typename std::__fun<std::__minus, _Tp>::result_type> std::operator-(const valarray<_Tp>&, const valarray<_Tp>&)'
 1197 | _DEFINE_BINARY_OPERATOR(-, __minus)
      | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/valarray:1197:1: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:79:37: note:   '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<std::pair<long long int, long long int> >, std::pair<long long int, long long int> >::value_type' {aka 'std::pair<long long int, long long int>'} is not derived from 'const std::valarray<_Tp>'
   79 |             while(v[v.size() - 1] - here + a - 1 < 0)
      |                                     ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/valarray:1197:1: note: candidate: 'template<class _Tp> std::_Expr<std::__detail::_BinClos<std::__minus, std::_ValArray, std::_