Language: C++

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <list>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <bitset>

#define int ll; // ＾o＾

#define FOR(i, b, e) for(ll i = (ll)(b); i < (ll)(e); ++i)
#define RFOR(i, b, e) for(ll i = (ll)(e-1); i >= (ll)(b); --i)
#define REP(i, n) FOR(i, 0, n)
#define RREP(i, n) RFOR(i, 0, n)
#define REPC(x,c) for(const auto& x:(c))
#define REPI2(it,b,e) for(auto it = (b); it != (e); ++it)
#define REPI(it,c) REPI2(it, (c).begin(), (c).end())
#define RREPI(it,c) REPI2(it, (c).rbegin(), (c).rend())
#define REPI_ERACE2(it, b, e) for(auto it = (b); it != (e);)
#define REPI_ERACE(it, c) REPI_ERACE2(it, (c).begin(), (c).end())
#define ALL(x) (x).begin(),(x).end()
#define SORT(x) sort(ALL(x))
#define RSORT(x) sort((x).rbegin(),(x).rend())
#define UNIQUE(v) v.erase( unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end() );
#define BR cout<<"\n";
#define cauto const auto&

#define dump(...) { auto __DUMP_NAME_LIST__ = split(#__VA_ARGS__,','); print(__DUMP_NAME_LIST__, __VA_ARGS__);BR;}


using  ll = long long;
using PAIR = std::pair<ll, ll>;
using VS = std::vector<std::string>;
using VL = std::vector<long long>;
using VD = std::vector<double>;
// using VI = std::vector<int>;
// using VVI = std::vector<std::vector<int>>;
using VVL = std::vector<std::vector<ll>>;

using std::cout;
// using std::endl;
constexpr char endl = '\n';
using std::cin;
using std::sort;
using std::pair;
using std::string;
using std::stack;
using std::queue;
using std::vector;
using std::list;
using std::map;
using std::unordered_map;
using std::multimap;
using std::unordered_multimap;
using std::set;
using std::unordered_set;
using std::unordered_multiset;
using std::multiset;
using std::bitset;
using std::priority_queue;

constexpr ll MOD = 1000000007;
//constexpr ll MOD = 998244353;
constexpr ll INF = 1LL << 60;

template<class T> std::istream& operator >> (std::istream& is, vector<T>& vec) { for (T& x : vec) is >> x; return is; }
template<class S, class T>std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const std::pair<S, T>& p) { os << "(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")"; return os; }
inline std::list<std::string> split(std::string str, char del) { std::list<std::string> sList; string s = ""; for (const auto& c : str) { if (c == del) { sList.emplace_back(s); s = ""; } else { if (c != ' ' || del == ' ') { s += c; } } }sList.emplace_back(s);	return sList; }
struct Preprocessing { Preprocessing() { std::cin.tie(0); std::ios::sync_with_stdio(0); }; };

template<class T>struct has_begin { private:	template <class U>	static auto check(U x) -> decltype(x.begin(), std::true_type{});	static std::false_type check(...); public:	static bool const value = decltype(check(std::declval<T>()))::value; };
inline void print(std::list<std::string>& str); template<class Primitive, class... Tail, std::enable_if_t<!has_begin<Primitive>::value, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr>inline void print(std::list<std::string>& str, const Primitive& x, const Tail&... tail); template<class Container, class... Tail>inline auto print(std::list<std::string>& str, const Container& c, const Tail&... tail) -> decltype(c.begin()); template<class... Tail>inline void print(std::list<std::string>& str, const std::string& s, const Tail&... tail);
template<class Container>inline auto printSingle(const Container& c) ->decltype(c.begin()) { for (const auto& x : c) { std::cout << x << " "; }std::cout << "\n"; return c.begin(); }
template<class Primitive, std::enable_if_t<!has_begin<Primitive>::value, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr>inline void printSingle(const Primitive& x) { std::cout << x << " "; }
inline void print(std::list<std::string>& str) {}
template<class Primitive, class... Tail, std::enable_if_t<!has_begin<Primitive>::value, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr>inline void print(std::list<std::string>& str, const Primitive& x, const Tail&... tail) { std::cout << *str.begin() << ":" << x << " "; if (sizeof...(tail) > 0) { std::cout << "\n"; str.pop_front(); print(str, tail...); } }
template<class Container, class... Tail>inline auto print(std::list<std::string>& str, const Container& c, const Tail&... tail) ->decltype(c.begin()) { std::cout << "-- " << *str.begin() << " --\n"; for (const auto& x : c) { printSingle(x); }std::cout << "\n"; str.pop_front();	print(str, tail...); return c.begin(); }
template<class... Tail>inline void print(std::list<std::string>& str, const std::string& s, const Tail&... tail) { std::cout << *str.begin() << ":" << s << "\n"; str.pop_front();	print(str, tail...); }


//=============================================================================================

// ll gcd(ll a, ll b) { return b ? gcd(b, a%b) : a; }
// ll lcm(ll a, ll b) { return a / gcd(a, b) * b; }
// ll pow(ll a, ll b) { ll ans = 1; while (b > 0) { if (b % 2 == 1) { ans *= a; ans %= MOD; }b /= 2; a *= a; a %= MOD; }return ans; }
// ll comb(ll a, ll b) { static constexpr ll size = 1e6; static VL fac(size); static VL finv(size); static VL inv(size); static ll n = 0; if (n > a) { return fac[a] * (finv[b] * finv[a - b] % MOD) % MOD; }fac[0] = fac[1] = 1; finv[0] = finv[1] = 1; inv[1] = 1; FOR(i, 2, a + 1) { inv[i] = MOD - inv[MOD%i] * (MOD / i) % MOD; fac[i] = fac[i - 1] * (ll)i%MOD; finv[i] = finv[i - 1] * inv[i] % MOD; }n = a + 1; return comb(a, b); }
// multiset<ll> prime_decomposition(ll n) { ll i = 2; multiset<ll> table{}; while (i * i <= n) { while (n % i == 0) { n /= i;	table.emplace(i); }++i; }if (n > 1) { table.emplace(n); return table; }return table; }
// vector<bool> eratosthenes(ll n) { vector<bool> lst(n + 1, true); lst[0] = lst[1] = false; FOR(i, 2, n / 2 + 1) { lst[i * 2] = false; }for (ll i = 3; i <= n; i += 2) { if (lst[i] == false) { continue; }FOR(j, 2, n / i + 1) { lst[i*j] = false; } }return lst; }

//==============================================================================================

signed main() {
	ll n, k;
	cin >> n >> k;
	multimap<ll, ll> mp;
	REP(_, n) {
		ll t, d;
		cin >> t >> d;
		mp.emplace(d, t);
	}
	unordered_map<ll, ll> used;
	ll ans = 0;
	ll sum = 0;
	list<PAIR> useNum;
	auto ritr = mp.rbegin();
	{
		REP(i, k) {
			sum += ritr->first;
			used[ritr->second]++;
			useNum.emplace_back(ritr->first, ritr->second);
			++ritr;
		}
		ans = sum + used.size()*used.size();
	}

	auto useNumItr = useNum.rbegin();
	REPI2(itr, ritr, mp.rend()) {
		ll newKey = itr->second;
		ll newValue = itr->first;
		auto findKey = used.find(newKey);
		if (findKey == used.end()) {
			while (used[useNumItr->second] < 2) {
				++useNumItr;
				if (useNumItr == useNum.rend()) {
					cout << ans << endl;
					return 0;
				}
			}
			ll oldKey = useNumItr->second;
			ll oldItem = useNumItr->first;
			//dump(newKey, newValue, oldKey, oldItem);
			sum -= oldItem;
			sum += newValue;
			used[oldKey]--;
			used[newKey]++;
			ans = std::max(ans, sum + used.size()*used.size());
		}
	}
	cout << ans << endl;
}


Compiler output:
a.cc:83:107: error: redefinition of default argument for 'typename std::enable_if<(! has_begin<T>::value), std::nullptr_t>::type <anonymous>'
   83 | template<class Primitive, class... Tail, std::enable_if_t<!has_begin<Primitive>::value, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr>inline void print(std::list<std::string>& str, const Primitive& x, const Tail&... tail) { std::cout << *str.begin() << ":" << x << " "; if (sizeof...(tail) > 0) { std::cout << "\n"; str.pop_front(); print(str, tail...); } }
      |                                                                                                           ^~~~~~~
a.cc:79:155: note: original definition appeared here
   79 | inline void print(std::list<std::string>& str); template<class Primitive, class... Tail, std::enable_if_t<!has_begin<Primitive>::value, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr>inline void print(std::list<std::string>& str, const Primitive& x, const Tail&... tail); template<class Container, class... Tail>inline auto print(std::list<std::string>& str, const Container& c, const Tail&... tail) -> decltype(c.begin()); template<class... Tail>inline void print(std::list<std::string>& str, const std::string& s, const Tail&... tail);
      |                                                                                                                                                           ^~~~~~~
a.cc: In function 'int main()':
a.cc:143:39: error: no matching function for call to 'max(ll&, long long unsigned int)'
  143 |                         ans = std::max(ans, sum + used.size()*used.size());
      |                               ~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/string:51,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/locale_classes.h:40,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/ios_base.h:41,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/ios:44,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/ostream:40,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/iostream:41,
                 from a.cc:1:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:257:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Tp> constexpr const _Tp& std::max(const _Tp&, const _Tp&)'
  257 |     max(const _Tp& __a, const _Tp& __b)
      |     ^~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:257:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:143:39: note:   deduced conflicting types for parameter 'const _Tp' ('long long int' and 'long long unsigned int')
  143 |                         ans = std::max(ans, sum + used.size()*used.size());
      |                               ~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:303:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Tp, class _Compare> constexpr const _Tp& std::max(const _Tp&, const _Tp&, _Compare)'
  303 |     max(const _Tp& __a, const _Tp& __b, _Compare __comp)
      |     ^~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:303:5: note:   candidate expects 3 arguments, 2 provided
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/algorithm:61,
                 from a.cc:5:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algo.h:5706:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Tp> constexpr _Tp std::max(initializer_list<_Tp>)'
 5706 |     max(initializer_list<_Tp> __l)
      |     ^~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algo.h:5706:5: note:   candidate expects 1 argument, 2 provided
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algo.h:5716:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Tp, class _Compare> constexpr _Tp std::max(initializer_list<_Tp>, _Compare)'
 5716 |     max(initializer_list<_Tp> __l, _Compare __comp)
      |     ^~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algo.h:5716:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:143:39: note:   mismatched types 'std::initializer_list<_Tp>' and 'long long int'
  143 |                         ans = std::max(ans, sum + used.size()*used.size());
      |                               ~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~