Language: C++

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <random>

using namespace std;

typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef long long ll;
typedef double ld;
//#define ll __int128
#define int ll
//#define int ll
//#define char ll
typedef vector<char> vc;
typedef vector<vc> vvc;
typedef vector<vvc> vvvc;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
typedef pair<pii, pii> piii;
typedef pair<ll, ll> pll;
typedef vector<int> vi;
typedef vector<pii> vpi;
typedef vector< vi > vvi;
typedef vector< vvi > vvvi;
typedef vector<short> vs;
typedef vector<vs> vvs;
typedef vector<vvs> vvvs;
typedef vector<ll> vl;
typedef vector<vl> vvl;
typedef vector<vvl> vvvl;
typedef vector<ld> vld;
typedef vector<vld> vvld;
typedef vector<vvld> vvvld;
typedef vector<string> vst;
typedef vector<vst> vvst;
typedef pair<ld, ld> pld;

#define inmin(a, b) a = min(a, (b))
#define inmax(a, b) a = max(a, (b))
#define ALL(a) a.begin(),a.end()
#define RALL(a) a.rbegin(),a.rend()
#define sqr(x) ((x) * (x))
#define fori(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < int(n); ++i)
#define SZ(a) ((int)((a).size()))
#define triple(T) tuple<T, T, T>
#define quad(T) tuple<T, T, T, T>
#define watch(x) cerr << (#x) << " = " << (x) << endl;

#ifdef MAX_HOME
#define cerr cout
#else
#define cerr if (false) cerr
#endif

const double PI = 2 * acos(0.0);
#define rand shittttty_shit
mt19937 rng(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
mt19937_64 rng_64(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());

const string DIGITS = "0123456789";
const string ALPH = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";


template <class T0, class T1>
inline ostream & operator << (ostream &out, pair<T0, T1> &a) {
    return out << "{" << a.first << ", " << a.second << "}";
}

template <class T0, class T1>
inline istream & operator >> (istream &in, pair<T0, T1> &a) {
    return in >> a.first >> a.second;
}

template <class T0, class T1, class T2>
inline ostream & operator << (ostream &out, tuple<T0, T1, T2> &a) {
    return out << "{" << get<0>(a) << ", " << get<1>(a) << ", " << get<2>(a) << "}";
}

template <class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3>
inline ostream & operator << (ostream &out, tuple<T0, T1, T2, T3> &a) {
    return out << "{" << get<0>(a) << ", " << get<1>(a) << ", " << get<2>(a) << ", " <<  get<3>(a) << "}";
}

template<class T>
inline ostream & operator << (ostream &out, vector<T> &a) {
    out << "[";
    fori (i, a.size())
        out << a[i] << vector<string>{", ", "]  "}[i + 1 == a.size()];
    return out;
}


void smain();



signed main() {
    ios::sync_with_stdio(0);
    cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);
#ifdef MAX_HOME
    freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
    clock_t start = clock();
#endif
    cout << setprecision(4) << fixed;
    smain();
#ifdef MAX_HOME
    cout << "\n\n\n\nTOTAL EXECUTION TIME: " << float( clock () - start ) /  CLOCKS_PER_SEC << endl;
#endif
    return 0;
}
const int L = 100;
int sz = 100;
vl solve(ll n) {
    vl ret;
    for (int x = 50; x > 0; --x) {
        ll cur = (1LL << x - 1) - 1;
        if (cur && cur <= n) {
            assert(sz >= 1);
            n -= cur;
            fori (i, x) {
                ret.push_back(sz);
            }
            sz--;
        }
    }
    if (n == 0)
        return ret;
    vl add = solve(n);
    ret.insert(ret.end(), ALL(add));
    assert(ret.size() <= 200):
    return ret;
}

void smain() {
//    int n = 100000;
//    int mx = 0;
//    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
//        int x = rng() % (ll)(1e12) + 1;
//        inmax(mx, solve(x));
//    }
//    watch(mx);
//    watch(solve(2));
//    watch(solve(1));
    ll n;
    cin >> n;
    vl ans = solve(n);
    cout << ans.size() << '\n';
    for (auto x : ans) {
        cout << x << ' ';
    }
}

Compiler output:
a.cc: In function 'vl solve(ll)':
a.cc:128:30: error: expected ';' before ':' token
  128 |     assert(ret.size() <= 200):
      |                              ^
a.cc:130:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
  130 | }
      | ^