Language: C++

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

#define rep(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < (int)n; ++i)
#define REP(i, a, b) for (int i = (int)a; i < (int)b; ++i)
#define each(i,c) for(__typeof((c).begin()) i = (c).begin(); i != (c).end(); ++i)
#define all(v) v.begin(), v.end()
#define mset(a, n) memset(a, n, sizeof(a))

typedef long long ll;
typedef vector<int> vi;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;

const int INF = 1000000000;
const int MOD = 1000000007;
const double eps = 1e-9;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    // cin.tie(0);
    // ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    int N; cin >> N;
    vector<int> A(N);
    rep(i, N) cin >> A[i];

    int ans = 0;
    rep(i, N) {
        while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
        if (i < N-1) {
            if (A[i] < A[i+1])
                while (i < N-1 && A[i] <= A[i+1]) ++i;
            else if (A[i] > A[i+1])
                while (i < N-1 && A[i] >= A[i+1]) ++i;
        }
        ans++;
    }
    cout << ans << endl;
    return 0;
}

Compiler output:
a.cc: In function 'int main(int, char**)':
a.cc:28:21: error: expected ')' before '[' token
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |               ~     ^
      |                     )
a.cc: In lambda function:
a.cc:28:25: error: expected '{' before '==' token
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                         ^~
a.cc: In function 'int main(int, char**)':
a.cc:28:25: error: no match for 'operator==' (operand types are 'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' and '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<int>, int>::value_type' {aka 'int'})
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/regex:68,
                 from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/14/bits/stdc++.h:181,
                 from a.cc:1:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1103:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _BiIter> bool std::__cxx11::operator==(const sub_match<_BiIter>&, const sub_match<_BiIter>&)'
 1103 |     operator==(const sub_match<_BiIter>& __lhs, const sub_match<_BiIter>& __rhs)
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1103:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::__cxx11::sub_match<_BiIter>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1199:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Bi_iter, class _Ch_traits, class _Ch_alloc> bool std::__cxx11::operator==(__sub_match_string<_Bi_iter, _Ch_traits, _Ch_alloc>&, const sub_match<_BiIter>&)'
 1199 |     operator==(const __sub_match_string<_Bi_iter, _Ch_traits, _Ch_alloc>& __lhs,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1199:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'std::__cxx11::__sub_match_string<_Bi_iter, _Ch_traits, _Ch_alloc>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1274:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Bi_iter, class _Ch_traits, class _Ch_alloc> bool std::__cxx11::operator==(const sub_match<_BiIter>&, __sub_match_string<_Bi_iter, _Ch_traits, _Ch_alloc>&)'
 1274 |     operator==(const sub_match<_Bi_iter>& __lhs,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1274:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::__cxx11::sub_match<_BiIter>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1366:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Bi_iter> bool std::__cxx11::operator==(const typename std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::value_type*, const sub_match<_BiIter>&)'
 1366 |     operator==(typename iterator_traits<_Bi_iter>::value_type const* __lhs,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1366:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   mismatched types 'const std::__cxx11::sub_match<_BiIter>' and '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<int>, int>::value_type' {aka 'int'}
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1441:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Bi_iter> bool std::__cxx11::operator==(const sub_match<_BiIter>&, const typename std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::value_type*)'
 1441 |     operator==(const sub_match<_Bi_iter>& __lhs,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1441:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::__cxx11::sub_match<_BiIter>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1534:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Bi_iter> bool std::__cxx11::operator==(const typename std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::value_type&, const sub_match<_BiIter>&)'
 1534 |     operator==(typename iterator_traits<_Bi_iter>::value_type const& __lhs,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1534:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   mismatched types 'const std::__cxx11::sub_match<_BiIter>' and '__gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<std::allocator<int>, int>::value_type' {aka 'int'}
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1613:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Bi_iter> bool std::__cxx11::operator==(const sub_match<_BiIter>&, const typename std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::value_type&)'
 1613 |     operator==(const sub_match<_Bi_iter>& __lhs,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:1613:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::__cxx11::sub_match<_BiIter>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:2186:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Bi_iter, class _Alloc> bool std::__cxx11::operator==(const match_results<_BiIter, _Alloc>&, const match_results<_BiIter, _Alloc>&)'
 2186 |     operator==(const match_results<_Bi_iter, _Alloc>& __m1,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:2186:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::__cxx11::match_results<_BiIter, _Alloc>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:64,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/algorithm:60,
                 from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/14/bits/stdc++.h:51:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_pair.h:1033:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _T1, class _T2> constexpr bool std::operator==(const pair<_T1, _T2>&, const pair<_T1, _T2>&)'
 1033 |     operator==(const pair<_T1, _T2>& __x, const pair<_T1, _T2>& __y)
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_pair.h:1033:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::pair<_T1, _T2>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:67:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:441:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Iterator> constexpr bool std::operator==(const reverse_iterator<_Iterator>&, const reverse_iterator<_Iterator>&)'
  441 |     operator==(const reverse_iterator<_Iterator>& __x,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:441:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::reverse_iterator<_Iterator>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:486:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _IteratorL, class _IteratorR> constexpr bool std::operator==(const reverse_iterator<_Iterator>&, const reverse_iterator<_IteratorR>&)'
  486 |     operator==(const reverse_iterator<_IteratorL>& __x,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:486:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::reverse_iterator<_Iterator>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:1667:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _IteratorL, class _IteratorR> constexpr bool std::operator==(const move_iterator<_IteratorL>&, const move_iterator<_IteratorR>&)'
 1667 |     operator==(const move_iterator<_IteratorL>& __x,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:1667:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::move_iterator<_IteratorL>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:1737:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _Iterator> constexpr bool std::operator==(const move_iterator<_IteratorL>&, const move_iterator<_IteratorL>&)'
 1737 |     operator==(const move_iterator<_Iterator>& __x,
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:1737:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::move_iterator<_IteratorL>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/char_traits.h:42,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/string:42,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/bitset:52,
                 from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/14/bits/stdc++.h:52:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/postypes.h:192:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _StateT> bool std::operator==(const fpos<_StateT>&, const fpos<_StateT>&)'
  192 |     operator==(const fpos<_StateT>& __lhs, const fpos<_StateT>& __rhs)
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/postypes.h:192:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::fpos<_StateT>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i] == A[i+1]) ++i;
      |                                 ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/string:43:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/allocator.h:235:5: note: candidate: 'template<class _T1, class _T2> bool std::operator==(const allocator<_CharT>&, const allocator<_T2>&)'
  235 |     operator==(const allocator<_T1>&, const allocator<_T2>&)
      |     ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/allocator.h:235:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
a.cc:28:33: note:   'main(int, char**)::<lambda()>' is not derived from 'const std::allocator<_CharT>'
   28 |         while ( && A[i