Language: C

/*
author: madhav_1999 aka orthodoxparadox
19 April 2020 at 6:51 PM
*/

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <ext/pb_ds/detail/standard_policies.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace __gnu_pbds;

#define dbl long double
#define int ll
#define ll long long
#define pii pair<int, int>
#define len(x) (int) x.size()
#define rev(a) reverse(all(a))
#define oiint ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " ") 
#define pb push_back
#define mp make_pair
#define ff first
#define ss second
#define endl '\n'
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
#define initialise(a, x) memset(a, x, sizeof(a))
#define onlyunique(v) v.erase(unique(all(v)), v.end()); //only for sorted vector
#define inf 2e18
#pragma GCC optimize ("O3")
#pragma GCC optimize ("unroll-loops")
#pragma GCC target("sse,sse2,sse3,ssse3,sse4,popcnt,abm,mmx,avx,tune=native")
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#ifdef MADHAV
#define dbg(...) __f(#__VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__)
template <typename Arg1>
void __f(const char* name, Arg1&& arg1){cerr << name << " : " << arg1 << endl;}
template <typename Arg1, typename... Args>
void __f(const char* names, Arg1&& arg1, Args&&... args){
	const char* comma = strchr(names + 1, ',');
	cerr.write(names, comma - names) << " : " << arg1 << "  ";
	__f(comma + 1, args...);}
#else
#define dbg(...) 42
#endif
template <typename X> ostream& operator << (ostream& x,const vector<X>& v){for(int i=0;i<(int)v.size();++i) x<<v[i]<<" ";return x;} 
template <typename X> ostream& operator << (ostream& x,const set<X>& v){for(auto it:v) x<<it<<" ";return x;} 
template <typename X> ostream& operator << (ostream& x,const multiset<X>& v){for(auto it:v) x<<it<<" ";return x;} 
template <typename X, typename Y> ostream& operator << (ostream& x, const pair<X,Y>& v) {x<<v.ff<<" "<<v.ss;return x;} 
template <typename T, typename S> ostream& operator << (ostream& os, const map<T, S>& v) { for (auto it : v) os << it.first << "=>" << it.second << endl; return os; }
typedef tree <int, null_type, less<int>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update> ordered_set;
mt19937_64 rng(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
struct pair_hash {inline std::size_t operator()(const std::pair<int, int> & v) const {return v.first*31+v.second;}};
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7;

int takemod(int a, int mod = MOD){a%=mod;if(a<0)a+=mod;return a;}

int fast_exp(int base, int expo, int mod = MOD) {
	int res=1;
	while(expo>0) {
		if(expo&1) res=(res*base)%mod;
		base=(base*base)%mod;
		expo>>=1;}
	return res;}

int modinv(int a, int mod = MOD){return takemod(fast_exp(takemod(a, mod), mod-2, mod), mod);}


const int N = 2e5 + 10;
vector<int> graph[N];
int subsz[N];
vector<int> cols[N];
int c[N];
int ans[N];

void dfs(int u, int p = -1) {
	subsz[u] = 1;
	for(int &v : graph[u]) {
		if(v == p) continue;
		dfs(v, u);
		subsz[u] += subsz[v];
	}
}

void solver(int u, int p = -1) {
	for(int &v : graph[u]) {
		if(v == p) continue;
		solver(v, u);
	}
	if(cols[c[u]].empty()) {
		for(int j : graph[u]) {
			if(j == p) continue;
			dbg(j, u);
			int sz = subsz[j];
			ans[c[u]] += (sz * (sz + 1))/2;
		}
	}
	while(!cols[c[u]].empty()) {
		int q = cols[c[u]].back();
		cols[c[u]].pop_back();
		dbg(u, q);
		int sz = subsz[u] - subsz[q] - 1;
		ans[c[u]] += (sz * (sz + 1))/2; 
	}
	dbg(u, ans[c[u]]);
	cols[c[u]].push_back(u);
}


void solve()
{
	int n;
	cin >> n;
	for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		cin >> c[i];
	}
	for(int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
		int u, v;
		cin >> u >> v;
		graph[u].pb(v); 
		graph[v].pb(u);
	}
	dfs(1);
	solver(1);
	for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		dbg(i, ans[i]);
	}
	for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		int totsz = n;
		for(int &j : cols[i]) {
			totsz -= subsz[j];
		}
		ans[i] += (totsz * (totsz + 1))/2;
	}
	for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		dbg(i, ans[i]);
	}
	for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		cout << (n * (n + 1))/2 - ans[i] << endl;
	} 
}

signed main(){
	ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(NULL); cout.tie(NULL);
	#ifdef MADHAV
	freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
	freopen("output.txt", "w", stdout);
	freopen("error.txt", "w", stderr);
	#endif
	clock_t t1, t2;
	t1 = clock();

	int tt = 1;
	// cin >> tt;
	while(tt--)
	{
		solve();
	}
	#ifdef MADHAV
	t2 = clock(); cout << "\n\ntime taken: " << (t2-t1)/(dbl)CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
	#endif
	return 0;
}

Compiler output:
main.c:6:10: fatal error: bits/stdc++.h: No such file or directory
    6 | #include <bits/stdc++.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.