Language: C++

a#include<cmath>
#include<cstdio>
#include<vector>

#define rep(i,n) for(int i=0;i<(n);i++)

using namespace std;

const double EPS=1e-4;
const double PI=acos(-1);

struct point{
	double x,y;
	point():x(0),y(0){}
	point(double x,double y):x(x),y(y){}
	point operator-(const point &a)const{ return point(x-a.x,y-a.y); }
};

double dot(const point &a,const point &b){ return a.x*b.x+a.y*b.y; }

double cross(const point &a,const point &b){ return a.x*b.y-a.y*b.x; }

double arg(const point &a){
	double t=atan2(a.y,a.x);
	return t<0?t+2*PI:t;
}

struct line{
	point a,b;
	line(){}
	line(const point &a,const point &b):a(a),b(b){}
};

enum{CCW=1,CW=-1,ON=0};
int ccw(const point &a,const point &b,const point &c){
	double rdir=cross(b-a,c-a);
	if(rdir> EPS) return CCW;
	if(rdir<-EPS) return CW;
	return ON;
}

double dist(const point &a,const point &b){
	return sqrt((a.x-b.x)*(a.x-b.x)+(a.y-b.y)*(a.y-b.y));
}

int get_intersect(double A,double B,double C,double D,double E,double F,double a,double b,double c,vector<point> &res){
	if(abs(a)<EPS){
		vector<point> tmp;
		int cnt=get_intersect(C,B,A,E,D,F,b,a,c,tmp);
		rep(i,tmp.size()) res.push_back(point(tmp[i].y,tmp[i].x));
		return cnt;
	}

	double d=b/a,e=c/a;
	double P=A*d*d-B*d+C,Q=2*A*d*e-B*e-D*d+E,R=A*e*e-D*e+F;
	if(abs(P)<EPS){
		if(abs(Q)<EPS){
			return 0; // テ、ツコツ、テァツつケテ」ツ?ッテヲツ慊嘉ゥツ卍静・ツ?凝」ツ??」ツ?凝」ツつ?R=0 テ」ツ?ッテ」ツ?づ」ツつ甘」ツ?暗」ツ?ェテ」ツ??
		}
		else{
			double y=-R/Q;
			res.push_back(point(-b/a*y-c/a,y));
			return 1;
		}
	}
	else{
		double G=Q*Q-4*P*R;
		if(G<-EPS){
			return 0;
		}
		else if(abs(G)<EPS){
			double y=-Q/(2*P);
			res.push_back(point(-b/a*y-c/a,y));
			return 1;
		}
		else{
			double y1=(-Q+sqrt(G))/(2*P);
			double y2=(-Q-sqrt(G))/(2*P);
			res.push_back(point(-b/a*y1-c/a,y1));
			res.push_back(point(-b/a*y2-c/a,y2));
			return 2;
		}
	}
}

void line_to_abc(const line &L,double &a,double &b,double &c){
	a=L.b.y-L.a.y;
	b=L.a.x-L.b.x;
	c=L.b.x*L.a.y-L.a.x*L.b.y;
}

const double g=9.8;

int main(){
	int n;
	double v; scanf("%d%lf",&n,&v);
	point p[10000];
	rep(i,n) scanf("%lf%lf",&p[i].x,&p[i].y);

	double ans=dist(p[0],p[1]);
	for(int i=1;i<n-1;){
		if(ccw(p[i-1],p[i],p[i+1])!=CW){ // テ」ツつクテ」ツδ」テ」ツδウテ」ツδ療」ツ?療」ツ?ェテ」ツ??
			ans+=dist(p[i],p[i+1]);
			i++;
		}
		else{ // テ」ツつクテ」ツδ」テ」ツδウテ」ツδ療」ツ?凖」ツつ?
			double x0=p[i].x;
			double vx=v*cos(arg(p[i]-p[i-1]));
			double vy=v*sin(arg(p[i]-p[i-1]));
			// y=ax^2+bx+c
			double a=-g/(2*vx*vx),b=g*p[i].x/(vx*vx)+vy/vx,c=p[i].y-g*p[i].x*p[i].x/(2*vx*vx)-vy*p[i].x/vx;
			for(;i+1<n;i++){
				double A,B,C;
				line_to_abc(line(p[i],p[i+1]),A,B,C);

				vector<point> Q;
				get_intersect(a,0,0,b,-1,c,A,B,C,Q);

				bool ok=false;
				rep(j,Q.size()){
					point q=Q[j];
					if(p[i].x+EPS<q.x && q.x<p[i+1].x+EPS){
						ans+=dist(q,p[i+1]);
						ok=true;
						break;
					}
				}
				if(ok) break;
			}
			i++;
		}
	}

	printf("%.15f\n",ans);

	return 0;
}

Compiler output:
a.cc:1:2: error: stray '#' in program
    1 | a#include<cmath>
      |  ^
a.cc:1:1: error: 'a' does not name a type
    1 | a#include<cmath>
      | ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:62,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/vector:62,
                 from a.cc:3:
/usr/include/c++/14/ext/type_traits.h:164:35: error: 'constexpr const bool __gnu_cxx::__is_null_pointer' redeclared as different kind of entity
  164 |   __is_null_pointer(std::nullptr_t)
      |                                   ^
/usr/include/c++/14/ext/type_traits.h:159:5: note: previous declaration 'template<class _Type> constexpr bool __gnu_cxx::__is_null_pointer(_Type)'
  159 |     __is_null_pointer(_Type)
      |     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/ext/type_traits.h:164:26: error: 'nullptr_t' is not a member of 'std'
  164 |   __is_null_pointer(std::nullptr_t)
      |                          ^~~~~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_pair.h:60,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:64:
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:666:33: error: 'nullptr_t' is not a member of 'std'
  666 |     struct is_null_pointer<std::nullptr_t>
      |                                 ^~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:666:42: error: template argument 1 is invalid
  666 |     struct is_null_pointer<std::nullptr_t>
      |                                          ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:670:48: error: template argument 1 is invalid
  670 |     struct is_null_pointer<const std::nullptr_t>
      |                                                ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:674:51: error: template argument 1 is invalid
  674 |     struct is_null_pointer<volatile std::nullptr_t>
      |                                                   ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:678:57: error: template argument 1 is invalid
  678 |     struct is_null_pointer<const volatile std::nullptr_t>
      |                                                         ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1429:37: error: 'size_t' is not a member of 'std'; did you mean 'size_t'?
 1429 |     : public integral_constant<std::size_t, alignof(_Tp)>
      |                                     ^~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/stdio.h:34,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/cstdio:42,
                 from a.cc:2:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/14/include/stddef.h:214:23: note: 'size_t' declared here
  214 | typedef __SIZE_TYPE__ size_t;
      |                       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1429:57: error: template argument 1 is invalid
 1429 |     : public integral_constant<std::size_t, alignof(_Tp)>
      |                                                         ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1429:57: note: invalid template non-type parameter
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1438:37: error: 'size_t' is not a member of 'std'; did you mean 'size_t'?
 1438 |     : public integral_constant<std::size_t, 0> { };
      |                                     ^~~~~~
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/14/include/stddef.h:214:23: note: 'size_t' declared here
  214 | typedef __SIZE_TYPE__ size_t;
      |                       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1438:46: error: template argument 1 is invalid
 1438 |     : public integral_constant<std::size_t, 0> { };
      |                                              ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1438:46: note: invalid template non-type parameter
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1440:26: error: 'std::size_t' has not been declared
 1440 |   template<typename _Tp, std::size_t _Size>
      |                          ^~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1441:21: error: '_Size' was not declared in this scope
 1441 |     struct rank<_Tp[_Size]>
      |                     ^~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1441:27: error: template argument 1 is invalid
 1441 |     struct rank<_Tp[_Size]>
      |                           ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1442:37: error: 'size_t' is not a member of 'std'; did you mean 'size_t'?
 1442 |     : public integral_constant<std::size_t, 1 + rank<_Tp>::value> { };
      |                                     ^~~~~~
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/14/include/stddef.h:214:23: note: 'size_t' declared here
  214 | typedef __SIZE_TYPE__ size_t;
      |                       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1442:65: error: template argument 1 is invalid
 1442 |     : public integral_constant<std::size_t, 1 + rank<_Tp>::value> { };
      |                                                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1442:65: note: invalid template non-type parameter
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1446:37: error: 'size_t' is not a member of 'std'; did you mean 'size_t'?
 1446 |     : public integral_constant<std::size_t, 1 + rank<_Tp>::value> { };
      |                                     ^~~~~~
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/14/include/stddef.h:214:23: note: 'size_t' declared here
  214 | typedef __SIZE_TYPE__ size_t;
      |                       ^~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1446:65: error: template argument 1 is invalid
 1446 |     : public integral_constant<std::size_t, 1 + rank<_Tp>::value> { };
      |                                                                 ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:1446:65: note: invalid template non-type parameter
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2086:26: error: 'std::size_t' has not been declared
 2086 |   template<typename _Tp, std::size_t _Size>
      |                          ^~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2087:30: error: '_Size' was not declared in this scope
 2087 |     struct remove_extent<_Tp[_Size]>
      |                              ^~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2087:36: error: template argument 1 is invalid
 2087 |     struct remove_extent<_Tp[_Size]>
      |                                    ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2099:26: error: 'std::size_t' has not been declared
 2099 |   template<typename _Tp, std::size_t _Size>
      |                          ^~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2100:35: error: '_Size' was not declared in this scope
 2100 |     struct remove_all_extents<_Tp[_Size]>
      |                                   ^~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2100:41: error: template argument 1 is invalid
 2100 |     struct remove_all_extents<_Tp[_Size]>
      |                                         ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2171:12: error: 'std::size_t' has not been declared
 2171 |   template<std::size_t _Len>
      |            ^~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2176:30: error: '_Len' was not declared in this scope
 2176 |         unsigned char __data[_Len];
      |                              ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2194:12: error: 'std::size_t' has not been declared
 2194 |   template<std::size_t _Len, std::size_t _Align =
      |            ^~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2194:30: error: 'std::size_t' has not been declared
 2194 |   template<std::size_t _Len, std::size_t _Align =
      |                              ^~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2195:55: error: '_Len' was not declared in this scope
 2195 |            __alignof__(typename __aligned_storage_msa<_Len>::__type)>
      |                                                       ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2195:59: error: template argument 1 is invalid
 2195 |            __alignof__(typename __aligned_storage_msa<_Len>::__type)>
      |                                                           ^
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2202:30: error: '_Len' was not declared in this scope
 2202 |         unsigned char __data[_Len];
      |                              ^~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/type_traits:2203:44: error: '_Align' was not declared in this scope
 2203 |         struct __attribute__((__aligned__((_Align)))) { } __align;
      |                                            ^~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:65:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator_base_types.h:125:67: error: 'ptrdiff_t' does not name a type
  125 |   template<typename _Category, typename _Tp, typename _Distance = ptrdiff_t,
      |                                                                   ^~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator_base_types.h:1:1: note: 'ptrdiff_t' is defined in header '<cstddef>'; this is probably fixable by adding '#include <cstddef>'
  +++ |+#include <cstddef>
    1 | // Types used in iterator implementation -*- C++ -*-
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator_base_types.h:214:15: error: 'ptrdiff_t' does not name a type
  214 |       typedef ptrdiff_t                   difference_type;
      |               ^~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator_base_types.h:214:15: note: 'ptrdiff_t' is defined in header '<cstddef>'; this is probably fixable by adding '#include <cstddef>'
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator_base_types.h:225:15: error: 'ptrdiff_t' does not name a type
  225 |       typedef ptrdiff_t                   difference_type;
      |               ^~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator_base_types.h:225:15: note: 'ptrdiff_t' is defined in header '<cstddef>'; this is probably fixable by adding '#include <cstddef>'
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:66:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator_base_funcs.h:112:5: error: 'ptrdiff_t' does not name a type
  112 |     ptrdiff_t
      |     ^~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator_base_funcs.h:66:1: note: 'ptrdiff_t' is defined in header '<cstddef>'; this is probably fixable by adding '#include <cstddef>'
   65 | #include <debug/assertions.h>
  +++ |+#include <cstddef>
   66 | #include <bits/stl_iterator_base_types.h>
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator_base_funcs.h:118:5: error: 'ptrdiff_t' does not name a type
  118 |     ptrdiff_t
      |     ^~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator_base_funcs.h:118:5: note: 'ptrdiff_t' is defined in header '<cstddef>'; this is probably fixable by adding '#include <cstddef>'
In file included from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_iterator.h:67,
                 from /usr/include/c++/14/bits/stl_algobase.h:67:
/usr/include/c++/14/bits/ptr_traits.h:156: