Language: C++

//include
//------------------------------------------
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <deque>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <bitset>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
#include <utility>
#include <complex>

#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cctype>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctime>

#include <stdexcept>

using namespace std;

// type alias
using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using comp = complex<double>;

const ll MOD = 1000000007LL;
const double PI = 3.14159265358979323846;

//conversion
//------------------------------------------
inline int toint(string s) { int v; istringstream sin(s); sin >> v; return v; }
template<class t> inline string tostring(t x) { ostringstream sout; sout << x; return sout.str(); }

//debug
#define DUMP(x)  cerr << #x << " = " << (x) << endl
#define DEBUG(x) cerr << #x << " = " << (x) << " (l" << __line__ << ")" << " " << __file__ << endl

template <class Integer>
class ResidueInteger
{
private:
	Integer mod_;
	Integer n_;
	static Integer global_mod_;

	// computational complexity: o(log(max(a, b))) 
	static inline pair<Integer, Integer> getBezoutsIdentitySolution(Integer a, Integer b)
	{
		if (b == 0)
		{
			return { 1, 0 };
		}
		auto sol = getBezoutsIdentitySolution(b, a % b);
		return { sol.second, sol.first - (a / b) * sol.second };
	}

public:
	static Integer default_mod_;

	Integer getModValue(const Integer& n) const
	{
		return (n % mod_ + mod_) % mod_;
	}

	// computational complexity: o(log(max(n, mod))) 
	inline Integer getModInverse(const Integer& n) const
	{
		auto sol = getBezoutsIdentitySolution(n, mod_);
		if (n * sol.first + mod_ * sol.second != 1)
		{
			return -1;
		}
		return getModValue(sol.first);
	}

	ResidueInteger() : mod_(default_mod_), n_(getModValue(0)) {}
	ResidueInteger(Integer n) : mod_(default_mod_), n_(getModValue(n)) {}
	ResidueInteger(Integer n, Integer mod) : mod_(mod), n_(getModValue(n)) {}

	inline ResidueInteger operator+(const ResidueInteger& rhs) const
	{
		if (this->mod_ != rhs.mod_)
		{
			throw invalid_argument("The mods of both operands should be equal.");
		}
		return { this->n_ + rhs.n_, this->mod_ };
	}
	inline ResidueInteger operator+(const Integer& rhs) const
	{
		return { this->n_ + getModValue(rhs), this->mod_ };
	}
	friend inline ResidueInteger operator+(const Integer& lhs, const ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		return { rhs.getModValue(lhs) + rhs.n_, rhs.mod_ };
	}
	inline ResidueInteger& operator+=(const ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		if (this->mod_ != rhs.mod_)
		{
			throw invalid_argument("The mods of both operands should be equal.");
		}
		this->n_ = getModValue(this->n_ + rhs.n_);
		return *this;
	}
	inline ResidueInteger& operator+=(const Integer& rhs)
	{
		this->n_ = getModValue(this->n_ + getModValue(rhs));
		return *this;
	}

	inline ResidueInteger operator-(const ResidueInteger& rhs) const
	{
		if (this->mod_ != rhs.mod_)
		{
			throw invalid_argument("The mods of both operands should be equal.");
		}
		return { this->n_ - rhs.n_, this->mod_ };
	}
	inline ResidueInteger operator-(const Integer& rhs) const
	{
		return { this->n_ - getModValue(rhs), this->mod_ };
	}
	friend inline ResidueInteger operator-(const Integer& lhs, const ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		return { rhs.getModValue(lhs) - rhs.n_, rhs.mod_ };
	}
	inline ResidueInteger& operator-=(const ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		if (this->mod_ != rhs.mod_)
		{
			throw invalid_argument("The mods of both operands should be equal.");
		}
		this->n_ = getModValue(this->n_ - rhs.n_);
		return *this;
	}
	inline ResidueInteger& operator-=(const Integer& rhs)
	{
		this->n_ = getModValue(this->n_ - getModValue(rhs));
		return *this;
	}

	inline ResidueInteger operator*(const ResidueInteger& rhs) const
	{
		if (this->mod_ != rhs.mod_)
		{
			throw invalid_argument("The mods of both operands should be equal.");
		}
		return { this->n_ * rhs.n_, this->mod_ };
	}
	inline ResidueInteger operator*(const Integer& rhs) const
	{
		return { this->n_ * getModValue(rhs), this->mod_ };
	}
	friend inline ResidueInteger operator*(const Integer& lhs, const ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		return { rhs.getModValue(lhs) * rhs.n_, rhs.mod_ };
	}
	inline ResidueInteger& operator*=(const ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		if (this->mod_ != rhs.mod_)
		{
			throw invalid_argument("The mods of both operands should be equal.");
		}
		this->n_ = getModValue(this->n_ * rhs.n_);
		return *this;
	}
	inline ResidueInteger& operator*=(const Integer& rhs)
	{
		this->n_ = getModValue(this->n_ * getModValue(rhs));
		return *this;
	}

	inline ResidueInteger operator/(const ResidueInteger& rhs) const
	{
		if (this->mod_ != rhs.mod_)
		{
			throw invalid_argument("The mods of both operands should be equal.");
		}
		return { this->n_ * getModInverse(rhs.n_), this->mod_ };
	}
	inline ResidueInteger operator/(const Integer& rhs) const
	{
		return { this->n_ * getModInverse(getModValue(rhs)), this->mod_ };
	}
	friend inline ResidueInteger operator/(const Integer& lhs, const ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		return { rhs.getModValue(lhs) * rhs.getModInverse(rhs.n_), rhs.mod_ };
	}
	inline ResidueInteger& operator/=(const ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		if (this->mod_ != rhs.mod_)
		{
			throw invalid_argument("The mods of both operands should be equal.");
		}
		this->n_ = getModValue(this->n_ * getModInverse(rhs.n_));
		return *this;
	}
	inline ResidueInteger& operator/=(const Integer& rhs)
	{
		this->n_ = getModValue(this->n_ * getModInverse(getModValue(rhs)));
		return *this;
	}

	inline bool operator==(const ResidueInteger& rhs) const
	{
		return (this->n_ == rhs.n_) && (this->mod_ == rhs.mod_);
	}
	inline bool operator==(const Integer& rhs) const
	{
		return this->n_ == getModValue(rhs);
	}
	friend bool operator==(const Integer& lhs, const ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		return rhs.getModValue(lhs) == rhs.n_;
	}

	Integer get_n() const { return n_; }

	friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& lhs, const ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		return lhs << rhs.n_;
	}

	friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& lhs, ResidueInteger& rhs)
	{
		lhs >> rhs.n_;
		return lhs;
	}
};
using rll = ResidueInteger<ll>;
ll rll::default_mod_ = 1000000007LL;

class ResidueCombinatorialCalculator
{
private:
	ll mod_;
	ll n_;
	map<ll, ResidueInteger<ll>> values_;
public:
	ResidueCombinatorialCalculator(ll n, ll mod) : mod_(mod), n_(n)
	{
		values_[0LL] = ResidueInteger<ll>(1LL, mod);
	}

	ResidueInteger<ll> calculate(ll r)
	{
		if (r < 0 || n_ < r)
		{
			return ResidueInteger<ll>(0LL, mod_);
		}

		if (values_.count(r) >= 1)
		{
			return values_[r];
		}
		if (values_.count(n_ - r) >= 1)
		{
			values_[r] = values_[n_ - r];
			return values_[r];
		}
		if (n_ < r * 2)
		{
			values_[r] = calculate(n_ - r);
			return values_[r];
		}

		values_[r] = calculate(r - 1) * (n_ - r + 1) / r;

		return values_[r];
	}
};
using rccll = ResidueCombinatorialCalculator;

//main function
int main()
{
	cin.tie(0);
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);

	ll r1, c1, r2, c2;
	cin >> r1 >> c1 >> r2 >> c2;

	ll mod = rll::default_mod_;
	rll res(0LL);
	res = rccll(r2 + c2 + 2LL, mod).calculate(c2 + 1LL) - r2 - c2 - 2LL;
	if (r1 > 1) {
		res -= rccll((r1 - 1LL) + c2 + 2LL, mod).calculate(c2 + 1LL) - (r1 - 1LL) - c2 - 2LL;
	}
	if (c1 > 1) {
		res -= rccll(r2 + (c1 - 1LL) + 2LL, mod).calculate(r2 + 1LL) - r2 - (c1 - 1LL) - 2LL;
	}
	if (r1 > 1 && c1 > 1) {
		res += rccll((r1 - 1LL) + (c1 - 1LL) + 2LL, mod).calculate((r1 - 1LL) + 1) - (r1 - 1LL) - (c1 - 1LL) - 2LL;
	}

	cout << res << endl;

	return 0;
}


Compiler output:
a.cc:242:4: error: specializing member 'ResidueInteger<long long int>::default_mod_' requires 'template<>' syntax
  242 | ll rll::default_mod_ = 1000000007LL;
      |    ^~~