News Finding: "It is very exciting to discover a new great ape species in the 21st century," he added.
Paper Finding: We estimated the split time between populations north and south of Lake Toba at $3.4 Ma ( Figure 3B ; Table S5 ).
News Context: "We were quite surprised that the skull was quite different in some characteristics from anything we had seen before." "It is very exciting to discover a new great ape species in the 21st century," he added. Their calculations show that the population appears to have been isolated from all other Sumatran populations for at least 10,000 to 20,000 years.
Paper Context: Our results supported a scenario in which orangutans from mainland Asia first entered Sundaland south of what is now Lake Toba on Sumatra, the most likely entry point based on paleogeographic reconstructions [32] . We estimated the split time between populations north and south of Lake Toba at $3.4 Ma ( Figure 3B ; Table S5 ). Under our best-fitting model, we found evidence for post-split gene flow across Lake Toba ($0.3-0.9 migrants per generation; Table  S5 ), which is consistent with highly significant signatures of gene flow between P. abelii and P. tapanuliensis using D statistics (CK, BT, WA, Homo sapiens: D = À0.2819, p < 0.00001; WK, BT, LK, Homo sapiens: D = À0.2967, p < 0.00001).