copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Greenland (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-15): Hans Island (Tartupaluk) looking toward the west with Ellesmere Island in the background. The newly established international border runs approximately from the top left to the lower right, with Denmark/Greenland on the left and Canada on the right. Photo: Toubletap [...] The dispute over Hans Island began about 50 years ago when Canada and Denmark initiated negotiations to demarcate a 1,450-nm-long continental shelf boundary between Canada and Greenland without reaching an agreement concerning the title over Hans Island which lies midway between the two States. Thus, the 1973 Delimitation Agreement deliberately left without a determined boundary the area between the geodetic points 122 and 123 where Hans Island is located. The decades following the 1973 delimitation treaty triggered a rather political pseudo-confrontation regarding sovereignty over the island,4) with Canada and Denmark provoking each other by planting flags on the island, pursuing annual military visits, and exchanging bottles of whiskey and schnapps.5) Within these political debates, the Danish side often invoked the historical Inughuit presence on the island, mainly through the Danish Minister for Greenland, a post which was laid down in 1987.6) Similar arguments have been also echoed by the Canadian side, which often attributes Canada’s sovereignty in the Arctic to the historical Inuit use and occupancy of the entire Canadian archipelago.7)
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Greenland (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-14): The question of the ownership of Hans Island first arose in 1973 when Canada and the Kingdom of Denmark delimited the continental shelf between Ellesmere Island and Greenland. The two sides could not agree on the status of the island, which fell right on the maritime boundary line dividing the continental shelf between the two countries, so they chose to set aside the question of the island itself. The shelf surrounding the island was delimited, with the maritime boundary stopping at the low-water mark on the island’s south side and starting again from the low-water mark on the north side.4 Accordingly, and despite popular misconceptions, the dispute had no significant impact on the status of the waters, seabed resources, or navigation rights around Hans Island itself. [...] The Danish position rested primarily on the principles of discovery, geology, and usage. Hans Island was "discovered" in the second half of the 19th Century by one or several American-led expeditions undertaken in agreement with Danish authorities and with the participation of the famous Greenlandic explorer Hans Hendrik (1834-1889) of Fiskenæsset, who was also known by his Greenlandic name Suersaq.6 Previously and subsequently, Greenlandic Inuit stopped on the island when crossing to Ellesmere Island to hunt. On the other hand, Canadian Inuit have never used Hans Island regularly.7
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Greenland (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-16): Sitting in the Kennedy Channel of Nares Strait between the north-western coast of the semi-autonomous Danish territory of Greenland and Canada’s Ellesmere Island, the uninhabited half-mile-square Hans Island has no mineral resources nor much else of interest unless you are a visiting seabird. Shaped like a muffin and surrounded by cliffs, it was for centuries an Inuit hunting ground. Crucially, however, it has been at the centre of a long-running border dispute between Canada and Denmark – via Greenland’s home rule government – with Copenhagen claiming that geological evidence points to Hans Island being part of Greenland – a claim rejected by Ottawa. Canada and Denmark agreed in 1973 to create a border through Nares Strait, halfway between Greenland and Canada. But they were unable to agree which country would have sovereignty over Hans Island, which lies about 680 miles (1,100km) south of the north pole. In the end they decided to work out the question of ownership later.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Greenland (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-10-24): Canada claims that this rocky, uninhabited piece of rock is 100 percent Canadian. Denmark says that every grumpy inch of it is part of Greenland and that the entirety therefore belongs to the Danish Kingdom. I cannot imagine many purposes for which Hans Island, or Tartupaluk in Greenlandic, would be useful for a government at all. It is extremely remote, provides no shelter, no decent landing for any vessels, no oil or gas reserves are known to hide in its vicinity, no mineral deposits in its core, it is ice-encapsulated and dangerously windswept most of the year. Perhaps in a distant ice-free future a bit of very high-Arctic traffic might pass by, but it would still most likely have no reason to dwell here.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Greenland (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-13): Article by Fanney Ingvadóttir: Hans Island, also known as Tartupaluk in Greenlandic, is a small (1.2km2), barren island situated in the middle of the Kennedy Channel between Greenland and Canada’s Ellesmere Island. [...] The origins of the dispute date back to 1973 when Denmark and Canada created a border through the Nares Strait but could not agree on the sovereignty of Hans Island. The Canadian claim was based on the 1880 purchase of Hudson's Bay Company land, which included the island, while Denmark argued that Hans Island was integral to the local Greenlandic Inuit populations for fishing. [...] The resolution established a border across Hans Island, dividing it between the Canadian territory of Nunavut and the Danish autonomous territory of Greenland. This agreement marked the first time Canada and Denmark shared a land border, with Canada no longer bordering only the United States and Denmark no longer bordering only Germany.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Greenland (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-14): Known in the local Inuit languages as Tartupaluk (and in Danish as Hans Ø), Hans Island is a small (half a square mile, or 1.3 km2), barren, and uninhabited rock at 80° North, in the frigid waters of the Kennedy Channel, halfway between Ellesmere Island and Greenland. [...] Hans Island’s immediate value is as a hunting ground for locals. But possession of an island comes with rights to its territorial waters, as well as to the hydrocarbons and other potential riches beneath those waves — hence, the obstinacy exhibited by both the Canadian and Danish governments when it comes to the official deed to Hans Island. [...] As a result, the maritime territory of Greenland is growing with an area the size of Jutland, Funen, and Zealand combined, reports Danish news channel TV2. (Jutland is the Danish mainland, the bit attached to Germany; Funen and Zealand are two of Denmark’s biggest islands. Hans Island is helpfully compared to Sprogø, a tiny island in the Great Belt between Funen and Zealand.)
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Greenland (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-15): Hundreds of miles north of the Arctic Circle, between Nunavut and Greenland, there's a tiny island that's been fought over the years. Well, to say it's been fought over is a bit of an exaggeration—and at 1.2 square kilometres, Hans Island isn't even much of an island. Nevertheless, both Canada and Denmark have staked claims to it. [...] Hans Island remained no man's land through the decades of the Cold War. In 1973, Canada and Denmark worked together to survey and agree to boundaries around the region of Hans Island, but Hans Island wasn't included in the new maps of either territory. [...] In 2015, a proposal was put forth that the two nations could share the island, under an arrangement known as a condominium. For now, the status of Hans Island is more Arctic trivia than international dispute, with an occasional toast between friendly neighbours.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): Hans Island (Inuktitut and Greenlandic: Tartupaluk, lit. 'kidney shaped';[2] Inuktitut syllabics: ᑕᕐᑐᐸᓗᒃ; Danish: Hans Ø; French: île Hans, pronounced [il ɑ̃(n)s]) is an island in the centre of the Kennedy Channel of Nares Strait in the high Arctic region, split between the Canadian territory of Nunavut and the Danish autonomous territory of Greenland. The island itself is barren and uninhabited with an area of 130 hectares (320 acres), measuring 1,290 by 1,199 metres (4,232 by 3,934 ft), and a maximum elevation of 168.17 m (551.7 ft).[3] Its location in the strait that separates Ellesmere Island of Canada from northern Greenland was for years a border dispute, the so-called Whisky War between the two countries of Canada and Denmark. Hans Island is the smallest of three islands in Kennedy Channel off the Washington Land coast; the others are Franklin Island and Crozier Island. The strait at this point is 35 km (22 mi) wide, placing the island within the territorial waters of both Canada and Denmark (Greenland). A 1,280-metre-long (4,200 ft) shared border traverses the island. [...] We consider Hans Island to be part of Danish territory and will therefore hand over a complaint about the Canadian minister's unannounced visit.[23] [...] - ^ a b Harper, Kenn (9 April 2004). "Hans Island rightfully belongs to Greenland, Denmark". Nunatsiaq News. Archived from the original on 14 December 2013. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-15): Canada and Denmark look to end their long-running dispute over Hans Island [...] - Canada and Denmark plan to divide the disputed Hans Island into equal halves - The agreement is largely a symbolic act to show unity between the two NATO allies - Barren and uninhabited, Hans Island has no known mineral resources The NATO allies have been engaged in a — mostly good-spirited — squabble over Hans Island, situated at equal distance between Greenland and Canada's Ellesmere Island, since 1971, when their rival claims first came to light at a bilateral meeting to discuss territorial boundaries.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-10-10): Hans Island is an island in the very center of the Kennedy Channel of Nares Strait in the High Arctic region, halfway between Greenland and the Canadian Arctic. With the Danish establishing control over Greenland in 1815, Denmark was the first to have a significant presence in the High Arctic region. After the annexation of Alaska to the United States and the creation of Canada in 1867, British and American efforts to explore and chart the region ramped up. Following the British Arctic Territory transfer to Canada, its sovereignty shook the area. This strategic territory transfer, based on the areas claimed by explorer Martin Frobisher in the 16th century, the aim was to prevent American claims based on the Monroe Doctrine (to oppose more European colonialism in North America). [...] Despite the serious official nature of the "War," the manner in which the conflict was litigated was light-hearted and most likely included several other undocumented beverage exchanges. On July 13th, 2005, Canadian soldiers visited the island again, erecting an Inukshuk and Canadian flag. Additionally, Canadian Defence Minister Bill Graham landed on the island, leading Denmark to file a complaint in which he stated: "We consider Hans Island to be part of Danish territory, and will therefore hand over a complaint about the Canadian minister's unannounced visit." This "pseudo-confrontation" was finally been resolved in 2022 with a historic agreement marking the formal and final division of Hans Island.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-14): Joly and the Danish foreign affairs minister Jeppe Kofod signed an agreement Tuesday to divide Hans Island, an uninhabited rock situated between Ellesmere Island, in Nunavut, and Greenland, an autonomous Danish territory. [...] Nunavut NDP MP Lori Idlout said she thought Hans Island should be officially renamed Tartupaluk. [...] In 2005, defence minister Bill Graham went for a walk on Hans Island in a symbolic move. A week before he set foot there, Canadian Forces placed a Canadian flag and plaque on the island, prompting a protest from Denmark, which called in the Canadian ambassador.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-14): Dan Vandal, minister of northern affairs, confirmed Monday that there will be an "official signing" of the accord over Hans Island on Tuesday. [...] In 2005, Canada’s defence minister Bill Graham went for a walk on Hans Island in a symbolic move. A week before he set foot there, Canadian Forces placed a Canadian flag and plaque on the island, prompting a protest from Denmark, which called in the Canadian ambassador.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-05-28): Hans Island – Property of Canada or Denmark? [...] The reason is that this piece of land is located in the middle of the 35 km wide Nares Strait, which separates Nunavut from Greenland. Under international law, states have control over territorial waters which extend 12 miles (22.2km) from shore. Consequently, Hans Island falls within both the Danish and Canadian 12-mile zone, with both claiming the island as a result. [...] Relations were further strained when, on July 13th 2005, Canadian forces landed on the island, erecting an Inukshuk and Canadian flag. The following week, Canadian Defence Minister Bill Graham landed on the island. This led Denmark to file a complaint stating that "we consider Hans Island to be part of Danish territory, and will therefore hand over a complaint about the Canadian minister's unannounced visit."
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-10): Decades after an uninhabitable, windswept Arctic island sparked an unlikely dispute between Canada and Denmark, the world map will be redrawn: The countries have announced that they will split ownership of Hans Island, which is located in the 22-mile-wide Nares Strait between the northernmost point of Canada and Greenland, part of Denmark’s kingdom. [...] In the 1970s, Canada and Denmark began squabbling over their Arctic boundaries and came to the negotiating table to resolve where exactly the maritime borders of both countries lie. Though Canada claimed it owned Hans Island, Denmark disagreed. And though the nations agreed on an official dividing line in a 1973 treaty, they were unable to come to a compromise on Hans. [...] Now, the decades-long tussle has come to an end with an agreement to split Hans Island along a north-to-south rift that nearly bisects it, with Greenland getting the slightly larger half. Both nations celebrated the agreement as proof that territorial conflict can be resolved without weapons.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-03): Background [edit]Hans Island (known as Tartupaluk in Greenlandic) is in the middle of the Kennedy Channel between Greenland and Ellesmere Island. Hans Island is approximately 1.3 km2 in size and is barren. Hans Island is not inhabited, although, through the 19th century, it was used by indigenous Inuit populations in the area.[5] The Canadian claim to the island arose from the 1880 purchase of Hudson's Bay Company land to Canadian Government territory. The Danish argument was that Hans Island was vital to their indigenous populations for fishing, creating an integral part of the nearby Greenlandic area.[6] [...] - August 16, 2005 – According to Danish Foreign Minister Per Stig Møller, Denmark and Canada agreed to reopen negotiations regarding the future of Hans Island. Denmark would immediately begin geological surveys in the area, and Per Stig Møller would meet his Canadian counterpart Pierre Pettigrew in New York City in the middle of September. Should they fail to reach an agreement, both governments have agreed to submit the dispute to the International Court of Justice in The Hague. The government of Greenland agreed to this course of action. Regarding the Danish patrol cutter HDMS Tulugaq then en route to Hans Island, the minister stated "I have instructed the ship to sail there, but they will not go ashore tearing down [the Canadian] flag and replacing it with a new one. It would be a somewhat childish [behaviour] between two NATO allies."[28]
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-16): A barren and uninhabited rock off the north-western coast of Greenland, Hans Island is not much to look at. [...] Who owns Hans Island? [...] But they were unable to agree which country would have sovereignty over Hans Island, a wind-battered rock about 1,100 kilometers south of the North Pole.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2013-04-22): Until 2022, Denmark and Canada argued over which country owned Hans Island. Denmark's claim was based on an expedition that included Danish participation and which named Hans Island in 1853, that geologically the island is part of Greenland, and that it is slightly closer to Greenland than to Ellesmere Island. Canada maintained that Denmark’s claim had lapsed because Denmark failed to enforce its sovereignty. Canadian and Danish cartographers have depicted the island as part of their respective countries (see also History of Cartography in Canada). In 1973, the two countries agreed on a maritime boundary dividing Nares Strait between Ellesmere Island and Greenland, but they could not agree on the ownership of Hans Island. During the Second World War, Canadians operated a temporary scientific station on Hans Island and in the early 1980s, Dome Petroleum was active there. When Tom Hoeyem, Denmark's minister of Greenlandic affairs, personally planted a Danish flag on the island on 28 July 1984, the Canadian government protested. Since 1984, both countries have sent officials to the island to raise flags and claim the land. Canadians would raise the Canadian flag and leave behind a bottle of whisky for the Danes; they in turn would visit, raise their flag and leave behind a bottle of schnapps (akvavit). This good-natured "whisky war," as it was often called, lasted for years.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-14): - P.J. Akeeagok, Premier of Nunavut "I am pleased to be part of the formal ceremony resolving boundary issues between Canada and Greenland concerning Tartupaluk/Hans Island. For Inuit, our lands, waters and ice form a singular homeland that we used, crossed and inhabited freely before formal boundaries were created by political jurisdictions. Our use of these areas underlie claims to sovereignty by nation states. It is an honour to join Inuit leadership and government representatives on this historic occasion." [...] The new agreement between Canada and the Kingdom of Denmark, together with Greenland, resolves the long-standing dispute over sovereignty of Tartupaluk/Hans Island by creating a land boundary. It also modernizes the 1973 boundary within 200 nautical miles and establishes the maritime boundary in the Lincoln Sea. It further establishes a boundary on the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles in the Labrador Sea. See the map below. [...] The island known as Tartupaluk in Greenlandic and Hans Island in English is situated in the Kennedy Channel of Nares Strait between Greenland and Canada. The island is approximately 1.2 km² and is uninhabited and without vegetation or wildlife. However, the island has a traditional, symbolic and historic significance to the local population.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-22): Both countries claimed Hans Island for themselves. Canada claimed that the island was part of the 1880 transfer of Hudson Bay Company lands to Canadian sovereignty. Denmark claimed that the island is an integral part of Greenland and was used by Greenlandic Inuit for hunting purposes. Danish sovereignty over northern Greenland was recognized when the United States abandoned all claims to the region as part of purchase of the U.S. Virgin Islands from Denmark in 1917. Interestingly, the island lies along the route taken by Commander Robert E. Peary and Matthew Henson on their 1902 expedition in the High Arctic. [...] We acknowledge that we hold very different views on the question of the sovereignty of Hans Island. This is a territorial dispute which has persisted since the early 1970s, when agreement was reached on the maritime boundary between Canada and Greenland. We underscore that this issue relates only to the island as such, and has no impact on that agreement. Firmly committed as we are to the peaceful resolution of disputes, including territorial disputes, we consistently support this principle here at the United Nations, and around the world. To this end, we will continue our efforts to reach a long-term solution to the Hans Island dispute. Our officials will meet again in the near future to discuss ways to resolve the matter, and will report back to Ministers on their progress.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-13): Despite its unassuming appearance and lack of valuable mineral reserves, Hans Island has been the subject of a unique and prolonged border dispute between Denmark and Canada that lasted from 1973 to 2022. This territorial disagreement, known humorously as the Whisky War or Liquor Wars, never escalated to violence, instead being characterized by good-natured exchanges of flags and alcoholic beverages. The origins of the dispute date back to 1973 when Denmark and Canada created a border through the Nares Strait but could not agree on the sovereignty of Hans Island. The Canadian claim was based on the 1880 purchase of Hudson's Bay Company land, which included the island, while Denmark argued that Hans Island was integral to the local Greenlandic Inuit populations for fishing. [...] The resolution established a border across Hans Island, dividing it between the Canadian territory of Nunavut and the Danish autonomous territory of Greenland. This agreement marked the first time Canada and Denmark shared a land border, with Canada no longer bordering only the United States and Denmark no longer bordering only Germany.
Claim: Hans Island is a territory of Denmark (Hans Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-14): Since 1971, the countries have been "fighting" the "Whisky Wars" to settle competing claims over Hans Island. [...] Both Canada and Greenland sit 18km away from Hans Island, allowing them to claim the rock under international law, and in the end they decided to settle the dispute at a later date. [...] Denmark's minister of Greenland affairs couldn't let such a provocation stand. Weeks later he set off for Hans Island, where he replaced the offending Canadian symbolism with a Danish flag and a bottle of Copenhagen's finest schnapps.