copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-04): Geography [edit]Suriname is the smallest independent country in South America. Situated on the Guiana Shield, it lies mostly between latitudes 1° and 6°N, and longitudes 54° and 58°W. The country can be divided into two main geographic regions. The northern, lowland coastal area (roughly above the line Albina-Paranam-Wageningen) has been cultivated, and most of the population lives here. The southern part consists of tropical rainforest and sparsely inhabited savanna along the border with Brazil, covering about 80% of Suriname's land surface. [...] Borders [edit]Suriname is situated between French Guiana to the east and Guyana to the west. The southern border is shared with Brazil and the northern border is the Atlantic coast. The southernmost borders with French Guiana and Guyana are disputed by these countries along the Marowijne and Corantijn rivers, respectively, while a part of the disputed maritime boundary with Guyana was arbitrated by the Permanent Court of Arbitration convened under the rules set out in Annex VII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on 20 September 2007.[65][66]
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-06-02): French Guiana profile - Published Dense equatorial forests, colonial towns and a major space centre are among the faces of French Guiana, a region of France on the north-east coast of South America. [...] Since December 2015, French Guiana has been ruled by a single assembly within the framework of the French Guiana Territorial Collectivity. This assembly, the French Guiana Assembly or Assemblée de Guyane, has replaced the former regional council and departmental council.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-05): The Guianas, also spelled Guyanas or Guayanas, is a region in north-eastern South America. Strictly, the term refers to the three Guianas: Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana, formerly British, Dutch and French Guiana. Broadly it refers to the South American coast from the mouth of the Orinoco to the mouth of the Amazon. [...] Javanese Surinamese are another major group in Suriname, who are descendants of indentured labourers recruited from Dutch colonies in Indonesia, and both Guyana and Suriname have Chinese and Portuguese communities, as well as a small number of Jews in Suriname. French Guiana's population is largely African; there are also minorities of European, Chinese, and Hmong descent. French Guiana has also been a recipient of immigration from surrounding countries, especially Guyana, Suriname, and Brazil, as well as from Haiti.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-19): French Guiana (French: Guyane) is an overseas department and region of France, on the north Atlantic coast of South America. By land area, it is the second largest region of France (after Nouvelle-Aquitaine) and the largest overseas department of France and of the European Union. [...] Geography [change | change source]French Guiana borders two countries: Surinam to the west, and Brazil to the east and south. To the north is the Atlantic Ocean. There are two main geographical regions: a coastal strip where the majority of the people live, and a dense rainforest which gradually rises to the modest peaks of the Tumuc-Humac mountains along the Brazilian frontier. [...] Administration [change | change source]The department of French Guiana is managed by the Collectivité territorial de la Guyane in Cayenne.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-01): French Guiana is an overseas department of France, located on the northern coast of South America. Like the other French departments, French Guiana is an overseas region of France, one of 26 regions of France. As a part of France, French Guiana is thus part of the European Union's territory, and its currency is the euro. [...] French Guiana consists of two main regions: A coastal strip where the majority of people live, and dense, near-inaccessible rainforest, which gradually rises to the modest peaks of the Tumac-Humac mountains along the Brazilian frontier. French Guiana's highest peak is Bellevue de l'Inini (851 m). Other mountains include Mont Machalou (782 m), Pic Coudreau (711 m), Mont St Marcel (635 m), Mont Favard (200 m), and Montagne du Mahury (156 m). Several small islands are found off the coast: the three Iles du Salut Salvation Islands that include Devil's Island and the isolated Ile de Connetable bird sanctuary farther along the coast toward Brazil. [...] French Guiana, as part of France, is part of the European Union, the largest part in area outside Europe, with one of the longest EU external boundaries. Along with the Spanish enclaves in Africa of Ceuta and Melilla, it is one of only three EU territories outside Europe that is not an island.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1998-07-20): The Guianas, region of South America, located on the continent’s north-central coast and covering an area of about 181,000 square miles (468,800 square km). It includes the independent nations of Guyana and Suriname and French Guiana, an overseas département of France. The region is bounded on the north by the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea, on the east and south by Brazil, and on the west by Venezuela. In the late 20th century, boundary disputes remained unsettled between Venezuela and Guyana, Guyana and Suriname, and Suriname and French Guiana. [...] The Guianas’ population ranges from indigenous American Indians to descendants of European colonizers, African slaves, East Indian, Chinese, and Indonesian indentured servants, Southeast Asian refugees, and Haitians. The languages of The Guianas are also varied and set the region apart from the rest of Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking South America. French, Dutch, and English are the official languages, respectively, of French Guiana, Suriname, and Guyana, but there are also many speakers of a creole language combining the three with African and Asian dialects. [...] In British Guiana settlers discovered gold in 1879, thereby inaugurating the exploitation of mineral resources that have since become the dominant industries of Guyana and Suriname. Bauxite was first discovered (1915) in Suriname and subsequently in British Guiana. French Guiana in 1946 became a French overseas département, while Suriname underwent constitutional reform (1948–51) and was granted self-government by the Netherlands in 1954 and independence in 1975. British Guiana was granted its own constitution in 1953 and achieved independence as Guyana in 1966.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): French Guiana , French Guyane Française, Overseas department of France, northeastern coast of South America. Area: 32,373 sq mi (83,846 sq km). Population: (2024 est.) 311,400. Capital: Cayenne. It is bounded by Brazil to the south and east, by Suriname to the west, and by the Atlantic Ocean to the northeast. Most of French Guiana is low-lying, with mountains in the south and a swampy coastal plain. The Maroni River forms the border with Suriname. French Guiana’s population is mostly Creole. The principal languages are French (official) and creole; nine-tenths of the people are Roman Catholic. Originally settled by the Spanish, French, and Dutch, the territory of French Guiana was awarded to France in 1667, and the inhabitants were made French citizens after 1877. By 1852 the French began using the territory for penal settlement; the penal colony at Devils Island was notorious. French Guiana became a department of France in 1946; the penal colonies were closed by 1953.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-31): French Guiana (/ɡiˈɑːnə/ or /ɡiˈænə/; French: Guyane, [ɡɥijan] ; French Guianese Creole: Lagwiyann [la.ɡwi.jãn]) is an overseas department and region of France located on the northern coast of South America in the Guianas and the West Indies. Bordered by Suriname to the west and Brazil to the east and south, French Guiana covers a total area of 84,000 km2 (32,000 sq mi)[2][3][7] and a land area of 83,534 km2 (32,253 sq mi),[3] and is inhabited by 295,385 people (Jan. 2024 estimate).[5] French Guiana is the second-largest region of France (more than one-seventh the size of Metropolitan France) and the largest outermost region within the European Union. It has a very low population density, with only 3.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (9.3/sq mi). Half of its 295,385 inhabitants in 2024 lived in the metropolitan area of Cayenne, its capital. 98.9% of the land territory of French Guiana is covered by forests,[8] a large part of which is primeval rainforest. The Guiana Amazonian Park, which is the largest national park in the European Union,[9] covers 41% of French Guiana's territory.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-04-10): French Guiana sits in the north-east corner of South America, north of Brazil, and alongside Guyana and Suriname. While Guyana and Suriname gained independence from their colonisers (the UK and the Netherlands respectively), French Guiana never has. It is classed as an overseas territory; its currency is the euro and its official language is French, although many also speak Creole. [...] French Guiana is largely covered in Amazon rainforest, with its development centred on a handful of towns hugging the coastline.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2016-09-08): The Amazon covers a huge area (6.7 million sq km) of South America. Nearly 60% of the rainforest is in Brazil, while the rest is shared among eight other countries—Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela and French Guiana, an overseas territory of France.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): In 1887 The Salvation Army ‘opened fire’ in Kingston, and thence spread throughout the island of Jamaica and to Guyana (1895), Barbados (1898), Trinidad (1901), Grenada (1902), St. Lucia (1902), Antigua (1903), St. Kitts (1904), St Vincent (1905), Belize (1915), St Kitts (1916), Suriname (1924), the Bahamas (1931), Haiti (1950), French Guiana (1980), St Maarten (1999) and the Turks and Caicos Islands (2011). [...] Countries included in the territory Antigua, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, French Guiana, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, St Kitts, St Lucia, St Maarten, St Vincent, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, the Turks and Caicos Islands Languages in which the gospel is preached Creole, Dutch, English, French, Surinamese Periodicals The War Cry Commissioner Emmanuel Supré - Territorial Commander
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-04): The reason for this is French Guiana, a French overseas territory. France is the only country in the world whose territory stretches across five continents. Asia and obviously Antarctica are the only continents without French territory. French Guiana is the French territory in South America. [...] Crossing the border in French Guiana was kind of weird. I think I could have just walked past the little border house, nobody would have said anything. The border between Suriname and French Guiana is poorly protected. Besides, my identity card would probably have been enough to enter French Guiana. However, I wanted to avoid any possible trouble and got the stamp in my passport. [...] Anyone coming to French Guiana from Suriname will find themselves in the third largest city, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni. Theoretically, you can visit this city as a day trip from Paramaribo, which is particularly worthwhile for those who have to fly from the Guianas to the United States. For me, however, I continued on to Kourou, where the country’s two main attractions are located. Besides, my flight back from the Guianas was from Cayenne, the capital of French Guiana.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-06): A documented checklist of the Crustacea (Stomatopoda, Decapoda) of the southern Guianas (Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil Amapá) [...] Fermin P. 1765. Histoire Naturelle de la Hollande equinoxiale: ou Description des Animaux, Plantes, Fruits, et Autres Curiosités naturelles qui se Trouvent dans la Colonie de Surinam; avec leurs Noms Différents tant françois, que latins, hollandois, indiens & negre-anglois. M. Magérus, Amsterdam. Available from https://books.google.fr/books?id=8PWut_Gv_T8C&hl=fr [accessed Apr. 2024]. [...] Hasegawa M. & Funato K. 1983. Outline of the survey. In: Takeda M. & Okutani T. (eds) Crustaceans and Mollusks Trawled off Suriname and French Guiana: 11–12. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-01-16): French Guiana is a territory of France, and like Suriname next door, it is pretty unique in South America because it is not Spanish or Portuguese speaking. Instead, it is the only place in the continent that speaks French. The French first attempted to colonize the area and its hostile equatorial jungles in the 1600s with no success. Every wave of settlers was met with disaster. Plantations were eventually created using enslaved Africans, but the French colony remained an unsuccessful distant outpost. It wasn’t until the 1850s, during Napoleon’s time, that France realized the usefulness of the territory. Slavery had been outlawed in France, and French Guiana became an excellent alternative to send all of France’s prisoners, including political prisoners, along with unwanted formerly enslaved people. Prisoners would be used for forced labor in prison camps in the territory, and most would never survive their experience. The most notorious prisons were on Devil’s Island, an island in the Atlantic Ocean to the north of Saint Laurent along the Maroni River. Both prisons were built by prisoners for prisoners. Due to their isolation, surrounded by jungle or ocean were believed to be inescapable.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-28): French Guiana, overseas territorial collectivity of France, situated on the northeastern coast of South America. French Guiana is bounded by Brazil to the south and east, Suriname to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean to the northeast. The capital is Cayenne. Geologically, the rock underlying French Guiana forms part of the crystalline massif of the Guiana Highlands. Rivers—which flow generally northeastward, to the sea—have greatly eroded the massif, and most of French Guiana is low-lying. The Maroni River forms the French Guiana–Suriname border in the west, and the Oyapock River forms the border with Brazil in the east. The Tumuc-Humac Mountains in the south reach an elevation of 2,300 feet (700 metres). Recent alluvial deposits have formed a swampy coastal plain southeast of Cayenne. Older alluvial deposits form a savanna west of Cayenne. Dense tropical forests (mostly hardwoods) predominate outside the coastal plain and cover more than nine-tenths of the land area. [...] French Guiana’s population is principally Creole (mixed descent, also referred to as Guianese Mulatto), with minorities of metropolitan French, Haitians, Surinamese, Antilleans, Chinese, Brazilians, South Asians, and others. The principal languages spoken are French (official); Guianese Creole French; several indigenous languages, including Wayampi, Carib, and Emerillon; and the various languages of the immigrant communities. The principal religious affiliation is Christianity (primarily Roman Catholicism), adhered to by more than four-fifths of the population.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-10-17): Located in three oceans and on four continents, France’s overseas territories give it a reach that extends far beyond its mainland borders and a unique global presence. Alongside their neighbors, these territories are suffering from the effects of climate change and the unique challenges of small, isolated island economies. In 2019, to effectively meet the specific needs of these territories and help them integrate into their regional basin, AFD adopted the Three Oceans strategy, in which the overseas territories form a bridge between France and their neighbors. With its unique, longstanding presence in these territories, AFD Group has the ambition of supporting their plans for sustainable development and helping strengthen their ties with their neighbors.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2010-04-28): Today, there are six politically distinct Maroon peoples in Suriname and French Guiana -- the Ndyuka and Saramaka each have a population of about 49,000, the Matawai 4000, the Aluku (Boni) and Paramaka each closer to 6000, and the Kwinti only about 500. Their traditional territories are shown on page 40, though today large numbers of Maroons live outside of these areas, in Paramaribo or the Netherlands, and, increasingly, in the coastal towns of French Guiana. (We now estimate that 30 percent of all Maroons reside in French Guiana -- mostly as poor, exploited immigrants; see R. & S. Price, 2002.) Although these societies were formed under broadly similar historical and ecological conditions, they vary in everything from language, diet, and dress to patterns of marriage, residence, and migratory wage labor. The greatest cultural differences are between the Maroons of central Suriname (Saramaka, Matawai, and Kwinti) and those of eastern Suriname and western French Guiana (Ndyuka, Aluku, and Paramaka). Languages divide similarly, with variants of Saramaccan spoken by Saramakas, Matawais, and Kwintis, and variants of Ndyuka spoken by Ndyukas, Alukus, and Paramakas.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): Formerly known as Dutch Guiana, Suriname was a plantation colony of the Netherlands that gained its independence on November 25, 1975. From 1980 to 1987 the country was governed by a succession of military regimes. A new civilian constitution was approved in 1987. Another military coup took place in 1990, but the country returned to civilian rule the following year. The capital, Paramaribo, lies 9 miles (15 km) from the Atlantic Ocean on the Suriname River. Suriname is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, by French Guiana to the east, by Brazil to the south, and by Guyana to the west. Suriname is involved in territorial disputes with both Guyana and French Guiana that are legacies of colonial rule. The dispute with Guyana centres on the New River Triangle, a 6,000-square-mile (15,600-square-km) area between two tributaries of the Courantyne River in southern Guyana. In addition to claiming the New River Triangle, Suriname also contests its border with Guyana along the Courantyne: Suriname claims sovereignty over the entire river and thus views its west bank as the border, while Guyana claims that the thalweg, or deepest channel of the river, is the boundary. In 2007 a United Nations international tribunal settled another long-standing boundary dispute between the two countries, in which Suriname was awarded one-third of a disputed area of the Caribbean Sea. The area in contention with French Guiana is the 5,000-square-mile (13,000-square-km) region between the Itany and Marouini rivers in the southwestern corner of French Guiana.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of Suriname (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): The dispute over a heavily forested section of Northern Amazon forest between Suriname and French Guiana is one of the most lingering boundary disputes of modern nations. Stemming from a colonial history that left borders fluid at the independence of Suriname, the border dispute today is marred by shifting and snaking waterways, diplomatic impasses and scant political resources to contribute by the two small Caribbean states. If the dispute was forwarded to a respected tribunal that follows customary international law, it is clear that because French Guiana has effectively occupied the area, a persuasive claim can be made to the disputed area. Suriname, on the other hand, contends that their colonial predecessor, Dutch Guiana, occupied the area through control over the inhabitants of the area. [...] While disputes over other territories in the region began long ago, most have either been subsequently resolved or international efforts to resolve them have advanced considerably after prolonged and intense negotiations.2 However, the dispute over the Itany-Marouini Triangle persists and there has been no indication of movement toward resolution. Neither Suriname nor French Guiana has pursued its claim vigorously for the past century, and the efforts of both governments to establish predominance during that time have been little more than perfunctory. Suriname has maintained virtually no governmental presence and France, through its French Overseas Department, has devoted minimal resources and administration to the area. It appears that neither side wants to expend the considerable sums and effort required to resolve the issue and develop the region's infrastructure.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of France (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): French Guiana (/ɡiˈɑːnə/ or /ɡiˈænə/; French: Guyane, [ɡɥijan] ; French Guianese Creole: Lagwiyann [la.ɡwi.jãn]) is an overseas department and region of France located on the northern coast of South America in the Guianas and the West Indies. Bordered by Suriname to the west and Brazil to the east and south, French Guiana covers a total area of 84,000 km2 (32,000 sq mi)[2][3][7] and a land area of 83,534 km2 (32,253 sq mi),[3] and is inhabited by 295,385 people (Jan. 2024 estimate).[5] French Guiana is the second-largest region of France (more than one-seventh the size of Metropolitan France) and the largest outermost region within the European Union. It has a very low population density, with only 3.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (9.3/sq mi). Half of its 295,385 inhabitants in 2024 lived in the metropolitan area of Cayenne, its capital. 98.9% of the land territory of French Guiana is covered by forests,[8] a large part of which is primeval rainforest. The Guiana Amazonian Park, which is the largest national park in the European Union,[9] covers 41% of French Guiana's territory.
Claim: French Guiana is a territory of France (French Guiana, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2012-08-29): Dense equatorial forests, colonial towns and a major space centre are among the faces of French Guiana, a region of France on the north-east coast of South America. The forests provide the raw material for a timber industry, but many of French Guiana's natural resources defy easy exploitation. Much of the sparsely-inhabited interior is accessible only by river. [...] Another former penal settlement, Kourou, is home to a European Space Agency rocket launch site. The facility has been a boon to the local economy, accounting for a significant slice of GDP, and has given the territory a strategic value.