copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2022-11-29): With worsening climate effects all over the world, all eyes turned to COP27 where global leaders, international organizations, civil society and private sector representatives convened to urgently implement the Paris agreement and the Glasgow Climate Pact. Often overlooked as part of the discussions, is the environmental harm caused by the textile and clothing industry. As such, frequently disregarded is the industry’s heavy use of petrochemical products, e.g., polyester, stemming from fossil fuels. "According to the European Commission, the textile and clothing industry in Europe is the third biggest industry in terms of land use. It's got a huge impact on water use that connects, of course, to farming. ", stressed Lily Cole, Climate Activist and Advisor to UNECE, in Sharm el-Sheikh. [...] More than half of the textile and clothing sector’s emissions lie in upstream supply chains "When you look at agriculture, for food as well as for fashion, you see that it's a huge part of the problem we're dealing with today in the climate crisis. If we transform how we use the land through agriculture, both for fashion and for food, we could actually galvanize climate action at an extraordinary pace and scale", Cole highlighted.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2024-10-08): While we access ‘affordable’ fashion, the environmental burden falls disproportionately on the Global South. The production of our clothes contributes significantly to water scarcity and pollution in these regions. [...] And the changing climate only exacerbates this issue, as many garment-producing areas are already facing increased water stress due to changing weather patterns. The industry's significant contribution to climate change–accounting for 8-10% of global greenhouse gas emissions–further compounds the problem. [...] The industry must reduce its carbon emissions and impact on water. The double-bind of the fashion industry's water footprint demands a radical reimagining of how we produce and consume clothing.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2024-10-02): Less than one percent of clothing is recycled to make new clothes.[3] The industry was estimated to produce 10% of all greenhouse gas emissions in 2020, which was larger than the emissions produced by international flights and maritime shipping combined. According to a 2017 report from the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, if the fashion sector persists on its same trajectory, its share of global carbon emissions could increase to 26% by 2050.[4][5][6] The production and distribution of the crops, fibers, and garments used in fashion all contribute to differing forms of environmental pollution, including water, air, and soil degradation.[7] The textile industry is the second greatest polluter of local freshwater in the world,[8] and is culpable for roughly one-fifth of all industrial water pollution.[9] Some of the main factors that contribute to this industrial caused pollution are the vast overproduction of fashion items,[citation needed] the use of synthetic fibers, the agriculture pollution of fashion crops,[10] and the proliferation of microfibers across global water sources.[3]
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2020-12-07): The claim appeared in an Instagram post published by the clothing company Patagonia in late November 2020, and has received more than 502,000 views. Although the post does not indicate the source of the claim, scientific studies estimate that clothing contributes 3 to 10% of greenhouse gas emissions that drive climate change[1,2]. In addition, clothing production and use causes water pollution, pesticide pollution, and the release of microplastics into the ocean that can negatively impact human health and natural ecosystems[3-5]. [...] Overall the claim, "the clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis" is accurate, as it falls within 1 to 10% range of estimates for GHG emissions in scientific studies and organization reports. In addition, clothing production and consumption can be an energy- and water-intensive process that causes water pollution, microplastic release, and human health impacts. [...] The claim [that the fashion contributes] up to 10% [of pollution driving the climate crisis] is not very far from the United Nations’ research estimate, which is 8%.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2022-07-29): The fashion industry is responsible for 8-10% of global emissions - and British shoppers buy more clothes than any others in Europe. [...] Producing clothes uses a lot of natural resources and creates greenhouse gas emissions which are responsible for climate change. Overall, the fashion industry is responsible for 8-10% of global emissions, according to the UN - more than the aviation and shipping combined.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2022-02-24): The fashion industry contributes between 2-10% of global carbon emissions – so how might it have to change to enable a net zero world by the middle of the century? [...] The fashion industry – from material sourcing, through supply chains to washing and waste – is estimated to be responsible for 8-10% of global carbon emissions, according to the UN, while other estimates put the figure somewhere between 2% and 8.1%. Clothing also requires considerable amounts of fresh water and is a major source of water pollution. (Although it is hard to pin down clear figures for the industry's environmental impact.) [...] As the world races to meet its commitments to limit carbon emissions to net zero by the middle of the century, the fashion industry has a huge job ahead of it to play its part.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2020-04-07): The fashion industry is facing increasing global scrutiny of its environmentally polluting supply chain operations. Despite the widely publicized environmental impacts, however, the industry continues to grow, in part due to the rise of fast fashion, which relies on cheap manufacturing, frequent consumption and short-lived garment use. In this Review, we identify the environmental impacts at critical points in the textile and fashion value chain, from production to consumption, focusing on water use, chemical pollution, CO2 emissions and textile waste. Impacts from the fashion industry include over 92 million tonnes of waste produced per year and 79 trillion litres of water consumed. On the basis of these environmental impacts, we outline the need for fundamental changes in the fashion business model, including a deceleration of manufacturing and the introduction of sustainable practices throughout the supply chain, as well a shift in consumer behaviour — namely, decreasing clothing purchases and increasing garment lifetimes. These changes stress the need for an urgent transition back to ‘slow’ fashion, minimizing and mitigating the detrimental environmental impacts, so as to improve the long-term sustainability of the fashion supply chain. [...] United Nations Climate Change. UN helps fashion industry shift to low carbon. unfccc.inthttps://unfccc.int/news/un-helps-fashion-industry-shift-to-low-carbon (2018). [...] Sajn, N. Environmental impact of the textile and clothing industry: What consumers need to know. European Union. European Parliamentary Research Service (EPRS)http://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document.html?reference=EPRS_BRI%282019%29633143 (2019).
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2022-02-23): The fashion industry might not be the first that comes to mind as a superuser of fossil fuels. But modern textiles rely heavily on petrochemical products that come from many of the same oil and gas companies driving greenhouse gas emissions. Today, in fact, fashion accounts for up to 10% of global carbon dioxide output—more than international flights and shipping combined, according to the United Nations Environment Programme. [...] The environmental effects of polyester’s dominance over the clothing industry are varied. For one, polyester requires a large amount of energy to produce. In 2015, polyester production for clothing emitted 282 billion tons of carbon dioxide, triple that of cotton. [...] "It’s a cliche to say that we can’t shop our way out of a climate catastrophe but it’s absolutely true," said Pham, the professor at Pratt. "The popular emphasis on individuals knowing where their clothes are made and who made their clothes–as ways of buying ‘better’–obscures the reality that the problems with the global fashion industry aren’t individual bad brands that just need to be called out. The problems are structural and systemic," she said.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2023-03-30): New season, new styles, buy more, buy cheap, move on, throw away: the pollution, waste, and emissions of fast fashion are fueling the triple planetary crisis. [...] At this month’s UN Climate Conference (COP27) in Egypt, UNEP and the non-profit Global Fashion Agenda (GFA) held an event on ‘Circular Systems for a Net Positive Fashion Industry’, which drew industry leaders to discuss routes towards a circular economy for the industry, with less waste, less pollution, more reuse, and more recycling. [...] Patagonia has gone further still, announcing earlier this year that it would transform into a charitable trust with all profits from its US$1.5 billion in annual sales going towards climate change, making the planet its only shareholder. There are many others in the industry also making important changes.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2021-10-28): Fashion is the third-largest manufacturing industry in the world and, by some calculations, it produces up to 10% of the world's emissions. And fast fashion is a major contributor to greenhouse gases, water and air pollution, creating problematic levels of waste. [...] Fashion contributes up to 10% of global carbon emissions
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2022-07-29): The fashion industry is responsible for 8-10% of global emissions - and British shoppers buy more clothes than any others in Europe. [...] Producing clothes uses a lot of natural resources and creates greenhouse gas emissions which are responsible for climate change. Overall, the fashion industry is responsible for 8-10% of global emissions, according to the UN, external - more than the aviation and shipping combined.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2020-12-06): Globally, the fashion industry is estimated to contribute 3 - 10% of the greenhouse gas emissions that are causing climate change, based on scientific studies and reports from the United Nations and charities. The clothing industry has a variety of other environmental impacts, including intensive water use, water pollution through dying and textile production, and pesticide and herbicide pollution through the agricultural production of cotton. Microplastics, which are shed primarily from synthetic textiles during washing, are also polluting the oceans, potentially negatively impacting human health and natural ecosystems. [...] Overall the claim, "the clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis" is accurate, as it falls within 1 to 10% range of estimates for GHG emissions in scientific studies and organization reports. In addition, clothing production and consumption can be an energy- and water-intensive process that causes water pollution, microplastic release, and human health impacts. [...] The claim [that the fashion contributes] up to 10% [of pollution driving the climate crisis] is not very far from the United Nations’ research estimate, which is 8%.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2020-08-26): As the need to address climate change becomes more urgent, industry sectors are working to reduce their carbon emissions. Fashion makes a sizeable contribution to climate change. McKinsey research shows that the sector was responsible for some 2.1 billion metric tons of greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions in 2018, about 4 percent of the global total. To set that in context, the fashion industry emits about the same quantity of GHGs per year as the entire economies of France, Germany, and the United Kingdom combined. [...] To gain a deeper understanding of fashion’s carbon emissions and identify additional abatement efforts the industry could pursue, we examined the entire value chain from farms and factories to brands and retailers to policy makers, investors, and consumers (see sidebar, "Our methods and assumptions"). Our findings show that all participants in all parts of the value chain have a role to play in driving decarbonization and bringing about real and lasting change for the better in the fashion industry.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2023-11-07): The question then remains: how much carbon dioxide is saved via clothing reuse? While the fashion industry is estimated to be responsible for 8-10 percent of global carbon emissions, when clothing is recycled, it saves roughly 3-4lbs of carbon dioxide. Put into another perspective, this equates to taking 26,000-35,000 vehicles off the road. [...] The fashion industry’s complex global supply chains span multiple countries, leading to significant transportation-related emissions. Garments often travel thousands of miles before reaching consumers, consuming vast amounts of fossil fuels in the process. Additionally, the demand for "on-trend" clothing drives expedited shipping, which further intensifies carbon emissions and ecological strain. [...] In parallel, the fashion industry overproduces products by about 30-40 percent every season, contributing to roughly 10 percent of all global carbon emissions—not to mention they are the second leader contributing to plastic and water pollution.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2022-09-05): Climate change is the result of increased greenhouse gas emissions, subsequent global warming and the response of the climate system to this warming (Masson-Delmotte et al., 2021). Due to its complex supply chain vis-à-vis transportation of fabrics and garment from production points, usually in developing countries (Chen et al., 2021) and energy-intensive production, the textile industry generates roughly 1.2 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent, or nearly 10% of world GHG emissions (UNFCCC, 2018). Due to the growing demand for clothing exacerbated by the proliferation of the fast fashion business model, a consistent throughput of natural resources is needed. It is projected that the fashion industry will account for approximately 25% of the world’s carbon budget by 2050 (Ellen Mac Arthur Foundation, 2017). Greater consumption of natural resources to cater for the growth of fast fashion will result in both increased ecological degradation and the occurrence of climate change (Berg et al., 2021). Global fibre production almost doubled between 2010–2020 (from 58 million to 109 million tonnes) (Textile Exchange, 2021). Figure 1 illustrates the textile industry’s massive contribution to GHG emissions, compared to global energy production, a red alert for the need to reduce textile production’s impact on climate change globally.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2016-01-01): Vieira Luxe is a supporter of sustainable fashion and we weave this into our business ethos. Knowing the impact the industry has on climate change, we seek to be a part of the movement towards a more eco-friendly future. Our company is devoted to taking part in this development away from fast fashion by working with shops nationally. Thus, providing you the best quality dresses at outlet prices. Our company is here to stand for sustainable fashion, beginning with the recycling of companies overstock and discontinued garments. The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis, and we Americans throw away an average of 82 pounds of textile waste per year! This all boils down to cut-rate prices, overconsumption, and a culture of convenience. By implementing sustainable fashion practices, such as shopping overstock, we can reduce these carbon emissions and help to repair our planet. Vieira Luxe is dedicated to promoting sustainability , and will work to reduce the fashion industry’s carbon footprint in any way we can.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2020-12-16): After basic needs are met, consumers begin buying items for social status; as people try to acquire more and more status, more and more expensive status products are needed. Producing all these things generates climate-changing greenhouse gas emissions. And in fact, across its life cycle, the average product results in carbon emissions of 6.3 times its own weight, according to a study done by Christoph Meinrenken, associate research scientist at the Earth Institute’s Research Program on Sustainability Policy and Management. [...] Meinrenken’s study found that 45 percent of a product’s total carbon emissions occurs upstream in the supply chain — in other words, from the sourcing of and type of raw materials that go into the product. The Carbon Catalogue he helped create provides a side-by-side comparison of the carbon footprints of 866 products made in 28 countries. When shopping for certain types of items, you can compare carbon emissions. For example, a pair of Levi Strauss Rigid Tank jeans produces 7.7kg of carbon emissions equivalent over its life cycle, whereas Levi Strauss Tumble Rigid jeans produce 16 kg. [...] Avoid online shopping if possible because the packaging and delivery generate added carbon emissions. Instead, go to the store yourself, and preferably support your local merchants.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2024-08-06): The majority of this pollution—dominated by single-use plastic waste—comes from countries lacking the infrastructure to properly manage waste, particularly those in Southeast Asia. [...] Because nearly all plastics (99 percent) are made from fossil fuels, our addiction to plastic also impacts the climate. In fact, the plastics industry (which includes many companies that have invested in or are operating in oil and gas) is currently responsible for four times more greenhouse gas emissions than the airline industry. And even if production were to stay level, plastics are projected to account for 15 to 19 percent of the global carbon budget by 2050. [...] In response to calls for change and shifting consumer habits, some companies are taking the initiative and experimenting with designs that reduce waste or utilize reusable or compostable components. But it’s clear that much more needs to be done.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2021-05-31): The global fashion industry is a large contributor to the climate crisis and reducing its impact is a necessity like any other. The industry belches out 1.2 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year, more emissions than the shipping and aviation industries combined! And a 2021 report from the World Economic Forum identified fashion, and its supply chain, as the planet’s third largest polluter (after food and construction), releasing 5% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. So the fashion industry’s impact on climate change is titanic, but where are these emissions coming from? To find out you have to look along the supply chain. The supply chain is a set of connections that winds its way backward from your wardrobe through to retail, to transport and shipping, to production and processing, right back to the beginning of the line: to the raw materials, such as cotton and polyester, from which our clothes are made. By looking at the supply chain, we can separate each sector by its reliance on coal, oil, and gas: the fossil fuels that principally cause climate change. [...] Protecting the atmosphere and curbing the fashion industry’s impact on climate change involves everyone, producer and consumer alike.
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2021-03-10): Elisa Tonda, Head of the Consumption and Production Unit at the UN Environment Programme (UNEP), one of the 10 UN bodies involved in the Alliance, explained the urgency behind its formation: "The global production of clothing and footwear generates 8% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions and, with manufacturing concentrated in Asia, the industry is mainly reliant on hard coal and natural gas to generate electricity and heat. If we carry on with a business-as-usual approach, the greenhouse gas emissions from the industry are expected to rise by almost 50% by 2030." [...] UNEP says that promoting a change in consumption modes, through actions such as taking better care of clothes, recycling and "take-back" programs, can make a major impact, and that simply doubling the time that we use each item of clothing could halve the fashion industry’s greenhouse gas emissions. [...] Environmental impact of fashion industry - 2,000 gallons of water needed to make one pair of jeans - 93 billion cubic metres of water, enough for 5 million people to survive, is used by the fashion industry every year - Fashion industry produces 20 per cent of global wastewater - Clothing and footwear production is responsible for 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions - Every second, the equivalent of one garbage truck of textiles is landfilled or burned - Clothing production doubled between 2000 and 2014
Claim: “The clothing industry contributes up to 10% of the pollution driving the climate crisis.” (Patagonia, 2020-11-30)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Clothing production reaches a value of $1.8 trillion - 2022 [...] The world’s largest clothing brands hide dirty, irresponsible practices and misuse words like "sustainable," "green" and "conscious." [...] Informed buyers will force the clothing industry to drop their dirty practices. Demand better practices—what you buy is what the industry will become.