copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Migingo Island is a territory of Uganda (Migingo Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-06-24): Uganda and Kenya have been arguing over who owns the small island, barely visible at the center of the map above. The dispute has been brewing over the last few years and has finally led to a joint survey that is being conducted this week by both countries with results expected as soon as this week (May 15th). As far as I can tell, the dispute comes down to whether the islands are East or West of the Western tip of Pyramid Island just to the South. Pyramid Island is referenced in the constitutions of both countries. From the Western shore of Pyramid Island, the border line continues North to another island. If the shores of Migingo Island are West of that line then the island is in Uganda, otherwise, they are in Kenya. [...] The island was uninhabited until at least 1991 when two Kenyan fisherman say they set up residence. Uganda says that a Ugandan fisherman started living on the island in 2004 and had found the island abandoned. The island is about half the size of a football field and barely above water. It may have even been below water in previous years when the waters of Lake Victoria were higher. It is amazing to see the island itself because it is basically a large rock with a bunch of tin hacks that house the islands 1000 or so residents. There is barely any open space on the island.
Claim: Migingo Island is a territory of Uganda (Migingo Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-08-03): MUSEVENI is widely credited with restoring relative stability and economic growth to Uganda but has resisted calls to leave office. In 2017, parliament approved the removal of presidential age limits, making it possible for MUSEVENI to remain in office for life. Uganda faces numerous challenges that could affect future stability, including explosive population growth, power and infrastructure constraints, corruption, underdeveloped democratic institutions, and human rights deficits. [...] Uganda-Kenya: Kenya and Uganda began a joint demarcation of the boundary in 2021; Uganda and Kenya both claim Migingo Island, a tiny island in the middle of Lake Victoria, which offers good fishing
Claim: Migingo Island is a territory of Uganda (Migingo Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2013-11-19): Uganda: Uganda Drops Tax On Migingo Fishermen [...] THE Ugandan government has dropped plans to tax fishermen in Migingo Island Sh80,000 annual fee per boat. "I have been duly informed that the Ugandan director of fisheries has… Read more »
Claim: Migingo Island is a territory of Uganda (Migingo Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2011-08-17): Migingo is a small island in Lake Victoria measuring about an acre of land and is rocky with little vegetation. It was in fact little more than a rock portruding out of water before the lake started receding in the early 1990s. This explains why there were no settlements on the island until about ten years ago. Today, over 1000 people inhabit Migingo Island with about 80 percent of them being Kenyan. The reason why Kenyans are the majority is partly explained by the fact that Migingo is nearer to the Kenyan hinterland than to either Uganda or Tanzania. [...] The exercise, however, hit a snag in early July that year with reports that surveyors from two countries had differed on technicalities especially on the mode of erecting new boundary pillars and the perimeters to help in determining scientifically the westernmost points as described in the 1926 Order-In-Council. As a result, the Uganda team returned to Kampala for ‘consultations’. The Kenyan surveyors continued with the process of demarcation and in findings that were not officially announced, found that Migingo island was about 510 metres (1,670 ft.) east of the Kenya-Uganda border. A finding that seemed to support Kenya’s claims of ownership of the island.
Claim: Migingo Island is a territory of Uganda (Migingo Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-03-13): The tiny island of Migingo on Lake Victoria has been at the centre of a territorial dispute between Kenya and Uganda for many years. The competing claims over its sovereignty have threatened to ignite the continent’s "smallest war" but they have also led to a diverse range of peacebuilding measures. Migingo is one of the many small Islands that dot Lake Victoria. Roughly the size of a football pitch, it covers an area of approximately 2,000 square meters. It is thought to be one of the most densely populated places on Earth, with some reports suggesting there are up to 500 people living on the tiny half-acre islet. If correct, this would equate to 250,000 per square kilometer. Geographically, it is often derogatorily referred to as a "tiny piece of rock." However, despite the rather demeaning descriptions of this densely populated islet, it continues to receive much attention in both local and international media. A bitter dispute between Kenya and Uganda over its sovereign control has been running for many years. Both nations claim the island is within their territorial waters.
Claim: Migingo Island is a territory of Uganda (Migingo Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-29): This week, we welcome Jacqueline Namukasa from Uganda. After graduating from the Islamic Universtiy in Uganda, she started her PhD in History with the thesis Examining Territorial Conflicts in East Africa: A case study of Migingo Island conflict between Uganda and Kenya 1926-2009 at Makerere in 2018.
Claim: Migingo Island is a territory of Uganda (Migingo Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-10-31): Finally, my first sight! After three days travelling, one-day negotiating and about 2.5 hours by boat, The Urban Detective gets his first glimpse of Migingo. Coming out of the water like a giant armour plated turtle, this rocky dome in the middle of Africa’s biggest lake is quite a view. In 2009 this tiny rock - which now inhabits hundreds of residents - almost brought Kenya and Uganda to war! Migingo – oddly enough ‘abandoned’ in Luo (West-Kenyan language) – has become one of the most contested and densely populated places of East-Africa. Welcome to (possibly) the most crowded island on the planet. [...] Instead of wasting fuel (Migingo is located 2.5 hours from the Kenyan Coast and about 5 hours from Uganda) fishermen started to settle on the island in the early 2000s! [...] Maybe the 1926 British colonial demarcations can help? No. Although coordinates show the island is in Kenyan territory, Uganda claims the Nile Perch is mostly caught in the nearby Ugandan waters. Tensions kept rising, which created a violent and hostile environment on Migingo.
Claim: Migingo Island is a territory of Uganda (Migingo Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-11-11): - Contested territories - Area 0.002 km² - Density 65,500 people per km² Migingo is an island in Lake Victoria on the border of Kenya and Uganda. It is half the size of a football pitch, less than 2,000 square meters. Yet, with 500 inhabitants, it makes it one of the most densely populated islands in Africa and the world. It has its own restaurant, pharmacy, hotel and bars. In 2004 Uganda took control over the island and in 2009 it forced Kenyan inhabitants to obtain special permits to operate their businesses. Then the two nations got on the brink of what was considered to be the world’s ‘smallest war’. The dispute centers mostly on the fishing rights in the vicinity of the island, which is rich with Nile perch.
Claim: Migingo Island is a territory of Uganda (Migingo Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-11-13): The Socio-Economic Life of Fisher Communities Living on the Migingo Island of Lake Victoria Lake Victoria, Migingo, Nature, Sense of Ownership, Socio-EconomicAbstract Using a qualitative methodology and a descriptive research design, this study examined the socioeconomic conditions of Migingo Island in 1991. Theories of liberalism and power informed the study through the use of phenomenological techniques, such as focus groups, oral interviews, archived materials, and secondary data. The results show that the socioeconomic dynamics of Migingo Island are related to geopolitical issues, including the territorial conflicts between Kenya and Uganda. The fishing sector fosters economic cooperation, but it also raises challenges related to cleanliness and congestion. The study promotes inclusive approaches that involve local stakeholders in order to guarantee sustainable development in the area. Based on the findings, the study recommended that clear governance and jurisdiction agreements be established to alleviate tensions. Furthermore, investment in basic services like education and healthcare is essential for human development. Involving local stakeholders in community-driven solutions and promoting diplomatic conflict resolution could help foster stability and sustainable development. Addressing these issues is vital for the well-being of Migingo Island and its residents, while also reflecting larger geopolitical concerns.
Claim: Migingo Island is a territory of Uganda (Migingo Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-19): Migingo Island, a disputed territory roughly the size of a football pitch, is home to about 300 permanent residents. Both Kenya and Uganda claim it as their own, partly because fishing around the island is still very profitable, whereas the rest of the lake has experienced a dramatic reduction of fish stock due to overfishing, pollution and possibly climate change. Migingo Island is a tiny island in Lake Victoria, about half the size of a football pitch. It’s also one of the last places where numbers of Nile perch remain high; overfishing and pollution have led to dwindling stocks in the rest of the lake. This is one of the reasons why Uganda and Kenya continue to battle over its ownership. But a growing commercial interest in fish farming around the Lake could help ease tensions. [...] A child plays in front of her mother’s restaurant on Migingo Island, in Lake Victoria. Around 300 people live on the island permanently, despite it being half the size of a football pitch. It also has no school or day care. Both Kenya and Uganda claim it as their own, partly because fishing around the island is still very profitable compared to the rest of the lake.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2009-09-24): Lolwe estate in Kisumu, formerly a deserted bush, is experiencing a construction explosion since private developers moved into the area less than five years ago. Located adjacent to the upper middle class Kenya-Re and Migosi estates, things in Lolwe have never been the same. [...] The constructions in Lolwe will make a difference as 60 per cent of residents in Kisumu live in informal settlements mainly in Nyalenda, Manyatta and Obunga. Lolwe’s infrastructure has also benefited from the Council’s initiative to install streetlights and tarmacked roads in areas where investors are developing residential houses. [...] Most children in Lolwe go to Mbita Academy Junior School in the posh Kenya Re estate less than 500 metres away.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-12): Lokitaung Road, Nairobi, Nairobi Lolwe (Kisumu) Street Guide and Map
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-03): On this discovery, Lwanda’s second wife crept out in the night, ran to her people and relayed the information. The Nandi strategized and attacked the Luo once again. During the attack, Lwanda's shadow was struck by a spear and he fell lifeless on the battlefield. The Nandi were ecstatic about their victory, whereas the Luo were filled with great dismay following the loss of a great warrior. [...] The Luo were originally a pastoralist and fishing people. Men and women would go fishing along the rivers and Nam Lolwe (Lake Victoria). They created fishing traps from the "Modhno" plant (a type of grass) which is found abundantly in the lowland region. Today, the Luo have adopted agriculture due to the fertile soils and abundant rainfall around the Lake region.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-01): Khadija Abdalla BAJABER (fiction writer, editor: Kenya) has had writing published in Enkare Review, A Long House, Lolwe and Down River Road, among other publications. An associate editor for Sahifa Journal, she was, in 2018, the winner of the new Graywolf Press Africa Prize for her debut novel The House of Rust. Her participation was made possible by the Paul and Hualing Nieh Engle Fund.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-16): On its eastern shores, it was Nam Lolwe. The Luo called it "the endless lake", for if you cast your eyes as far as you could, there was never an end in sight. Despite the different names it held, the lake was a place of great significance for the communities that lived around it. Its fresh waters enabled them to till the land, herd their cattle, and cast their nets out to fish. In 1858, the search for the source of the Nile River resulted in an expedition led by British explorer John Hanning Speke. He became the first European to set his eyes on this majestic waterbody, so he christened it Victoria after the reigning British monarch. This was the first and most notable change in the lake’s identity, and this became the name adapted in reference to its entirety. The second change occurred about 50 years down the line, during the scramble and partition of Africa. The three regions that Lake Victoria occupies came under different national territories. Nalubaale became a part of Uganda, Ukerewe fell under Tanzania, and Nam Lolwe under Kenya. [...] There is much more to say about this lake, so share the facts, myths, and folklore you know about Nam Lolwe with us!
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-23): The company also administered territory in what is now Uganda; when it became involved with the kingdoms of Buganda and Bunyoro, it incurred a great debt and therefore was forced to limit its activities to regions nearer the coast. This financial problem was finally resolved in 1895 when the British government made Buganda a protectorate and paid the company £250,000 to surrender its charter to the area that is now Kenya. The East Africa Protectorate was then proclaimed, with Sir Arthur Hardinge as the first commissioner. Initially, the British government did not attach much importance to the new protectorate because Hardinge continued to reside in Zanzibar, where he already functioned as the consul general.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-12): - Land: 569,140 km2 (219,750 sq mi)
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-07-02): The lake is known as Nam Lolwe to the Luo and Nalubaale to the Baganda. In the Buganda kingdom, Lubaale was a saint who performed miracles. Nalubaale thus translates to "many saints". Their shrines were situated in islands on the lake, where they would come together to pray for rain and other things. The lake was Ukerewe to the Arabs and has also been referred to as Victoria Nyanza and Sango. [...] The town and bay on the south shore of Winam Gulf of Lake Victoria is so named because it is near Mount Homa. Mount Homa forms a broad peninsula about 20 kilometers north of the town with the same name. It is one of the few carbonatite lava volcanoes in the world.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-12): Location [edit]The present day homeland of Kenyan and Tanzanian Luo lies in the eastern Lake Victoria basin - Nam Lolwe in the former Nyanza province in Western Kenya and the Mara region in northwestern Tanzania. This area falls within tropical latitudes and straddles the equator. This area also receives average rainfall levels. The average altitudes range between 3700 and 6000 feet above sea level.[17] [...] - Kisumu City - The third-largest city in Kenya - Gor Mahia FC - A Kenyan football club - Legio Maria, a large religious group originating in Luoland - Luo peoples - several ethnically and linguistically related Nilotic ethnic groups - Luo Union (Welfare Organisation) - A defunct East African welfare organisation that united Luo peoples [...] - ^ Amnesty International Annual Report 1973–1974. Available from: https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/POL100011974ENGLISH.PDF - ^ a b "Kenya - Colonialism, Mau Mau, Independence | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): - ^ "NORTHERN FRONTIER DISTRICT OF KENYA (Hansard, 3 April 1963)". api.parliament.uk. Archived from the original on 15 October 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019. [...] - ^ a b "Commonwealth and Colonial Law" by Kenneth Roberts-Wray, London, Stevens, 1966. P. 762 - ^ HC Deb 22 November 1963 vol 684 cc1329-400 wherein the UK Under-Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations and for the Colonies stated: "An agreement was then signed on the 8th October 1963, providing that on the date when Kenya became independent the territories comprising the Kenya Coastal Strip would become part of Kenya proper."
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-11-19): Some 20 years ago, Lolwe in Kisumu was a vast grazing field favoured by herdsmen from all around the lakeside city. [...] "Lolwe was our grazing field, as well as the famous Carwash football grounds, now a commercial centre full of container stalls," he says. Lolwe represents the immense transformation that Kisumu has undergone the past two decades, with new estates coming up and registering fast growth.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-10): The Heart of Lolwe: Community and Culture The heart and soul of Lolwe Island are its people. The community here lives a life that is deeply connected to the land and the lake. I was fortunate enough to witness their daily routines, from the early morning fishing expeditions to the late afternoon gatherings where stories and laughter were shared freely. [...] For those seeking a peaceful retreat, Lolwe offers an abundance of tranquility. The absence of cars and the unpolluted air create a refreshing environment where one can truly relax and connect with nature.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Facts and figures on Lolwe at a glance Name: Lolwe (Lolwe)Status: Place [...] Lolwe is located in the region of Homa Bay. Homa Bay's capital Homa Bay (Homa Bay) is approximately 41 km / 26 mi away from Lolwe (as the crow flies). The distance from Lolwe to Kenya's capital Nairobi (Nairobi) is approximately 241 km / 150 mi (as the crow flies).
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-07): Bisected horizontally by the Equator and vertically by longitude 38° E, Kenya is bordered to the north by South Sudan and Ethiopia, to the east by Somalia and the Indian Ocean, to the south by Tanzania, and to the west by Lake Victoria and Uganda.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-06-22): At the earliest opportunity after your conference, on a Thursday afternoon, you set out aboard the Southern Line from Victoria Station. In western Kenya, the lake named after the queen who married her first cousin dominates the landscape of your ancestors: it is ‘true north’ for your people, the Luo of Kenya, who settled on its shores after drifting south along the Nile, from present-day Sudan via Uganda into what is now Kenya. They marked their territory in the lake basin, announcing their intention to stay permanently by building defence infrastructure: earthen reinforcements known as Gunda Bur, and a modest 500-year-old approximation of Great Zimbabwe, now designated as a world heritage site in Migori: Thimlich Ohinga. The lake’s original name is Lolwe, but even popular song lyrics – "Victoria, Dala gi Mama yo, Victoria Dala gi Baba yo" – claim Victoria, the dead, white and incestuous queen as home. In the UK, the coincidence that you boarded the Southern-bound train to your past at the station named for that same monarch was not lost on you. The 35-minute ride took you 35 years back in time. Time travel can be surprisingly banal.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): Names [edit]Though having multiple local language names (Swahili: Ukerewe; Dholuo: Nam Lolwe; Luganda: 'Nnalubaale; Kinyarwanda: Nyanza),[16][17] the lake was renamed after Queen Victoria by the explorer John Hanning Speke, the first Briton to document it in 1858, while on an expedition with Richard Francis Burton.[18][19] [...] - ^ "Lake Ukerewe". nTZ: An Information Resource for Northern Tanzania. David Marsh. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-06-05): Several fm radio and television stations broadcasting within the radius of CNC territory also graciously and freely air spiritual content weekly to nourish God’s children tuning in from their homes—a gesture for which the Conference leadership is utterly beholden. Dala fm, Radio Lake Victoria, Radio Nam Lolwe, Lolwe TV, and of course the church owned King’s fm and Hope Channel Kenya are some of the media outlets whose timetables have consistently included edifying programs.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2015-08-28): Radio Nam Lolwe was established on 13th July, 2007 and launched officially on the 27th July, 2007 in Kisumu city with the sole purpose of informing, educating and entertaining its listeners by giving them a balanced political, social and economic debate that the audience thrives for.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1996-08-15): Possession by RohoPossession by Roho
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-11-22): And perhaps that is the charm of Mageta. An island whose character is uninterrupted by modernity. A place in which humble lifestyles is complimented, not replaced, by recent technologies. Men and women who still value the ancient traditions of hard work and providence. Armed with lamps, nets and hope in their hearts they set sail at dusk from the beaches of Manga, Wakawaka, Sika, Kibarua and Kwoyo, and let the waters ease boats named in praise of their mothers and grandmothers into the Nam Lolwe. They survive the dregs of the night and come back home with a bounty. During they day, they air out their fishes to dry. Women and children stand guard to shoo away notorious Okok, the White Egret bird, from plundering their loot. Later on, they measure the scoop by the kilo, and then trade it off.
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-02-21): Let’s take the example above of Uganda, which shares Lake Victoria (or as we prefer to call it around here, Nam Lolwe) with Kenya and Tanzania, and two lake borders with the DRC. The Lake Victoria borders have been the source of some friction for a decade, esp. with Kenya, about a small densely populated island (Yes guys, Migingo) and the waters around it[1]. [...] Last modified: February 21, 2020
Claim: Lolwe is a territory of Kenya (Lolwe, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2013-05-10): In August 1885 Otto von Bismarck sent five German warships to Zanzibar to ask then Sultan, Sayyid Barghash, to "salimu amri", acknowledge German naval military might and cede power to Kaiser (Emperor) Wilhelm I. Britain intervened on behalf of the poor guy and, working together with Germany and France, called the bluff of Omani claims to the hinterland, which the sultan was now forced to give up to the benefit of the British and Germans who then split it up between themselves along latitude 1° S to Mt. Kilimanjaro and on to Lake Nam Lolwe (Victoria). This left for the Oman sultan Zanzibar and his meager ten-mile holding agreed upon in the mid-1880s and that the Germans were all too happy to lease. What this history tells us is that the strip and interior hinterland were claimed by the Sultan as imperial counter-European bluff. With regard to the coastal strip, the claim was much more credible as it was by virtue of its occupation by the Sultan’s Arab, Swahili and African groups that practiced Islam.