copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: “The Government has released their initial plans to force a vaccine on everyone”; “Three potential vaccines are currently in Stage 3 trials in the United States and could be ready in weeks” (Mac Slavo, 2020-04-10)
Evidence (2023-03-22): A Phase 3 trial gathers additional information from several hundred to a few thousand people about safety and effectiveness, studying different populations and different dosages, and comparing the intervention with other drugs or treatment approaches. If the FDA agrees that the trial results support the intervention’s use for a particular health condition, it will approve the experimental drug or device.
Claim: “The Government has released their initial plans to force a vaccine on everyone”; “Three potential vaccines are currently in Stage 3 trials in the United States and could be ready in weeks” (Mac Slavo, 2020-04-10)
Evidence (2023-05-15): Fact: Rigorous clinical trials have found that the vaccines currently available in the United States are more than 90% effective at preventing COVID-19 and are important tools to stop the pandemic.
Claim: “The Government has released their initial plans to force a vaccine on everyone”; “Three potential vaccines are currently in Stage 3 trials in the United States and could be ready in weeks” (Mac Slavo, 2020-04-10)
Evidence (2020-11-20): - When the phase 3 portion of the human clinical trial reaches a predetermined point that informs how well a vaccine prevents COVID-19, as discussed and agreed to in advance with FDA, an independent group (called a data safety monitoring board) will review the data and inform the manufacturer of the results. Based on the data and the interpretation of the data by this group, manufacturers decide whether and when to submit an EUA request to FDA, taking into consideration input from FDA. [...] In public health emergencies, such as a pandemic, the development process may be atypical. For example, as demonstrated by the response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. government has coalesced government agencies, international counterparts, academia, nonprofit organizations and pharmaceutical companies to develop a coordinated strategy for prioritizing and speeding development of the most promising vaccines. In addition, the federal government has made investments in the necessary manufacturing capacity at its own risk, giving companies confidence that they can invest aggressively in development and allowing faster distribution of an eventual vaccine. However, efforts to speed vaccine development to address the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have not sacrificed scientific standards, integrity of the vaccine review process, or safety.
Claim: “The Government has released their initial plans to force a vaccine on everyone”; “Three potential vaccines are currently in Stage 3 trials in the United States and could be ready in weeks” (Mac Slavo, 2020-04-10)
Evidence (2021-08-03): Both Johnson & Johnson (J&J) and Novavax announce positive results of phase 3 trials demonstrating the efficacy of each company’s respective COVID-19 vaccine. The 1-shot vaccine by J&J is 72% effective in the United States and 66% effective overall at preventing moderate to severe COVID-19. The 2-shot Novavax vaccine had 89% efficacy in a United Kingdom trial. Notably, the efficacy of both vaccines is lessened against the highly transmissible B.1.351 variant from South Africa. [...] An FDA advisory panel unanimously votes to move the J&J COVID-19 vaccine forward, bringing it 1 step closer to an EUA. Phase 3 trial data shows the vaccine to be effective against common COVID-19 strains and emerging variants in the United States and South Africa. [...] Production of the companies’ COVID-19 vaccine is slated to begin within weeks, as the candidate’s efficacy will be assessed in a trial of over 35,000 adult volunteers in the United States, Asia, Africa and Latin America. Should the trial yield positive results, regulators could approve the vaccine for use in the last 3 months of 2021.
Claim: “The Government has released their initial plans to force a vaccine on everyone”; “Three potential vaccines are currently in Stage 3 trials in the United States and could be ready in weeks” (Mac Slavo, 2020-04-10)
Evidence (2020-11-09): "Today is a great day for science and humanity. The first set of results from our Phase 3 COVID-19 vaccine trial provides the initial evidence of our vaccine’s ability to prevent COVID-19," said Dr. Albert Bourla, Pfizer Chairman and CEO. "We are reaching this critical milestone in our vaccine development program at a time when the world needs it most with infection rates setting new records, hospitals nearing over-capacity and economies struggling to reopen. With today’s news, we are a significant step closer to providing people around the world with a much-needed breakthrough to help bring an end to this global health crisis. We look forward to sharing additional efficacy and safety data generated from thousands of participants in the coming weeks."After discussion with the FDA, the companies recently elected to drop the 32-case interim analysis and conduct the first interim analysis at a minimum of 62 cases. Upon the conclusion of those discussions, the evaluable case count reached 94 and the DMC performed its first analysis on all cases. The case split between vaccinated individuals and those who received the placebo indicates a vaccine efficacy rate above 90%, at 7 days after the second dose.
Claim: “The Government has released their initial plans to force a vaccine on everyone”; “Three potential vaccines are currently in Stage 3 trials in the United States and could be ready in weeks” (Mac Slavo, 2020-04-10)
Evidence (2023-03-10): Here, we illustrate the potential total cost of Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines, based on their publicly-announced expected prices, once they enter the U.S. commercial market. Specifically, we compare the average price paid by the federal government for the COVID-19 bivalent boosters to the estimated average commercial prices that have been suggested by manufacturers, and calculate an overall cost for purchasing vaccines for the adult population (ages 18 and older) across different scenarios of vaccine uptake (we only estimate costs for purchasing a single vaccine dose under different population uptake scenarios though it is possible that additional boosters will be needed on an annual or some other regular basis). While four COVID-19 vaccines have been authorized or approved for use in the United States, we focus our analysis only on Pfizer and Moderna vaccines, which account for almost all doses administered in the U.S. (97% as of March 22) and approximately 80% of all federal funding spent on COVID-19 vaccines. [...] - https://www.medicalcountermeasures.gov/app/barda/coronavirus/covid19.aspx - https://www.medicalcountermeasures.gov/newsroom/2020/modernamanufacturing - https://investors.modernatx.com/news/news-details/2020/Moderna-Announces-Supply-Agreement-with-U.S.-Government-for-Initial-100-Million-Doses-of-mRNA-Vaccine-Against-COVID-19-mRNA-1273/default.aspx - https://www.medicalcountermeasures.gov/newsroom/2020/moderna/ [...] This includes vaccines that have been authorized for use in the United States (vaccines from Pfizer, Moderna, J&J, and Novavax) as well as others that either did not make it past the clinical trial phase or for which manufacturers have not sought authorization (vaccines from Merck/IAVI, Sanofi/GlaxoSmithKline and Astra-Zeneca).
Claim: “The Government has released their initial plans to force a vaccine on everyone”; “Three potential vaccines are currently in Stage 3 trials in the United States and could be ready in weeks” (Mac Slavo, 2020-04-10)
Evidence (2023-09-11): more diverse populations following commercialization; the ability of COMIRNATY, any vaccine candidate or any future vaccine to prevent COVID-19 caused by emerging virus variants; the risk that use of the vaccine will lead to new information about efficacy, safety, or other developments, including the risk of additional adverse reactions, some of which may be serious; the risk that pre-clinical and clinical trial data are subject to differing interpretations and assessments, including during the peer review/publication process, in the scientific community generally, and by regulatory authorities; whether and when additional data from the BNT162 mRNA vaccine program or other COVID-19 programs will be published in scientific journal publications and, if so, when and with what modifications and interpretations; whether regulatory authorities will be satisfied with the design of and results from existing or future pre-clinical and clinical studies; whether and when submissions to request emergency use or conditional marketing authorizations for COMIRNATY or any future vaccines in additional populations, for a potential booster dose for COMIRNATY, any vaccine candidate or any potential future vaccines (including potential future annual boosters or re-vaccinations), and/or other biologics license and/or emergency use authorization applications or amendments to any such applications may be filed in particular
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2020-04-08): Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention now recommend that the public use face masks in shared spaces, like public transportation and grocery stores. This change in guidance occurred after several studies found that infected individuals can transmit COVID-19 even when not showing symptoms. Contrary to many viral claims, face masks do not cause oxygen deficiency or a toxic buildup of carbon dioxide. It is important to remember that cloth face masks, surgical masks, and even N95 respirators do not provide 100% protection from the novel coronavirus and therefore must be combined with other transmission control measures such as physical distancing and good hand hygiene.
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2024-06-13): Key Facts - The World Health Organization (WHO), founded in 1948, is a specialized agency of the United Nations with a broad mandate to act as a coordinating authority on international health issues, including helping countries mount responses to public health emergencies such as COVID-19. [...] For example, the U.S. CDC activities support centres such as the WHO Collaborating Centre for International Monitoring of Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents (https://apps.who.int/whocc/Detail.aspx?mDXUc+J7YSsPRDN4ElrZNw==), the WHO Collaborating Centre for Injury Control (https://apps.who.int/whocc/Detail.aspx?XidWfagjyJM57zUuxiHDVg==). (https://apps.who.int/whocc/Detail.aspx?xIVob4SPT2jc+ZYjM7fcSQ==) and the WHO Centre for Surveillance, Epidemiology and Control of Influenza (https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/who-collaboration.htm). CDC. Global Health Partnerships. https://www.cdc.gov/global-health/partnerships/.
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2020-03-11): The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has reported 938 COVID-19 cases and 29 deaths across 38 states and Washington, D.C., as of Wednesday. [...] Flattening the curve slows the infection rate, leaving healthcare systems better placed to treat people, which can save lives. Containment efforts, such as banning large gatherings and encouraging people to limit their exposure to others, are crucial parts of the process. [...] That's the advice the World Health Organization (WHO) issued Wednesday as it reiterated that respiratory viruses like the new coronavirus can be passed by shaking hands and touching one's eyes, nose and mouth.
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2024-07-08): At a glance - CDC is the nation's leading science-based, data-driven, service organization that protects the public's health. [...] CDC works 24/7 to protect America from health, safety and security threats, both foreign and in the U.S. Whether diseases start at home or abroad, are chronic or acute, curable or preventable, human error or deliberate attack, CDC fights disease and supports communities and citizens to do the same. CDC increases the health security of our nation. As the nation's health protection agency, CDC saves lives and protects people from health threats. To accomplish our mission, CDC conducts critical science and provides health information that protects our nation against expensive and dangerous health threats and responds when these arise.
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2020-12-09): Universal use of face masks. Consistent and correct use of face masks is a public health strategy critical to reducing respiratory transmission of SARS-CoV-2, particularly in light of estimates that approximately one half of new infections are transmitted by persons who have no symptoms (2,3). Compelling evidence now supports the benefits of cloth face masks for both source control (to protect others) and, to a lesser extent, protection of the wearer.† To preserve the supply of N95 respirators for health care workers and other medical first responders, CDC recommends nonvalved, multilayer cloth masks or nonmedical disposable masks for community use.§ Face mask use is most important in indoor spaces and outdoors when physical distance of ≥6 feet cannot be maintained. Within households, face masks should be used when a member of the household is infected or has had recent potential COVID-19 exposure (e.g., known close contact or potential exposure related to occupation, crowded public settings, travel, or nonhousehold members in your house). A community-level plan for distribution of face masks to specific populations, such as those who might experience barriers to access, should be developed (Table).
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2017-11-20): To achieve compliance with the revised World Health Organization International Health Regulations (IHR 2005), countries must be able to rapidly prevent, detect, and respond to public health threats. Most nations, however, remain unprepared to manage and control complex health emergencies, whether due to natural disasters, emerging infectious disease outbreaks, or the inadvertent or intentional release of highly pathogenic organisms. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) works with countries and partners to build and strengthen global health security preparedness so they can quickly respond to public health crises. This report highlights selected CDC global health protection platform accomplishments that help mitigate global health threats and build core, cross-cutting capacity to identify and contain disease outbreaks at their source. CDC contributions support country efforts to achieve IHR 2005 compliance, contribute to the international framework for countering infectious disease crises, and enhance health security for Americans and populations around the world. [...] Because of the recognized need to achieve IHR 2005 compliance worldwide to ensure health security, increasing number of countries that have made GHSA commitments, and early progress achieved with GHSA implementation, the world is becoming better prepared to respond to threats. CDC is helping advance health security through its global health protection platform. More work is needed and momentum in GHSA implementation needs to be sustained so Americans and citizens around the world will have enhanced protection from newly emerging infectious diseases and other health threats.
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2021-06-01): Infobae (2020) La OMS es responsable de la diseminación del coronavirus y debe ser juzgada. https://www.infobae.com/america/opinion/2020/04/23/la-oms-es-responsable-de-la-diseminacion-del-coronavirus-y-debe-ser-juzgada/. Accessed 4 May 2020 [...] WHO (2011) Reforms for a healthy future, report by the director-general. https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/EBSS/EBSS2_2-en.pdf, p 7. Accessed 24 Apr 2020 [...] WHO (2020h) Infection prevention and control during health care when COVID-19 is suspected. https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/10665-331495. Accessed 4 May 2020
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2014-11-01): US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Its Partners' Contributions to Global Health Security - PMID: 29155656 - PMCID: PMC5711315 - DOI: 10.3201/eid2313.170946 [...] To achieve compliance with the revised World Health Organization International Health Regulations (IHR 2005), countries must be able to rapidly prevent, detect, and respond to public health threats. Most nations, however, remain unprepared to manage and control complex health emergencies, whether due to natural disasters, emerging infectious disease outbreaks, or the inadvertent or intentional release of highly pathogenic organisms. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) works with countries and partners to build and strengthen global health security preparedness so they can quickly respond to public health crises. This report highlights selected CDC global health protection platform accomplishments that help mitigate global health threats and build core, cross-cutting capacity to identify and contain disease outbreaks at their source. CDC contributions support country efforts to achieve IHR 2005 compliance, contribute to the international framework for countering infectious disease crises, and enhance health security for Americans and populations around the world. [...] Contributions of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Implementing the Global Health Security Agenda in 17 Partner Countries.Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 Dec;23(13):S15-24. doi: 10.3201/eid2313.170898. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017. PMID: 29155676 Free PMC article.
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2021-11-29): These functions are interrelated and dependent on systems and infrastructures to ensure their maintenance and sustainability. For example, surveillance systems rely on laboratory systems to process diagnostic tests, the necessary skilled laboratory workforce, supplies and equipment to process tests, and mechanisms to communicate timely results.7 Core to such systems is a trained and protected health workforce able to reach even the most marginalised communities. Public health functions and systems are underpinned by public health and social measures, such as mask wearing, limits on gathering, and school or workplace closures, as well as social and financial support, such as paid sick days and debt relief, that encourage adherence.89 [...] Prioritise rapid deployment of core public health functions—surveillance, testing, contact tracing, and quarantine—and ensure equitable access to supplies. [...] These recommendations are not new, and since its emergence SARS-CoV-2 has consistently laid bare our broken and underfunded public health systems. Widespread community transmission, strained healthcare systems, depleted health workforces, and the devastating global loss of life are the consequences of public health systems not able to fully execute core functions in detecting and responding to outbreaks. Longstanding political and financial neglect to build local public health capacity and meet local needs has left the world vulnerable to infectious hazards both known and unknown.
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2024-09-24): The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) protects people in the United States and around the world by preventing, detecting, and responding to disease threats—anytime and anywhere [...] This is the purpose of CDC's Global Health Strategic Framework, which will guide all efforts across our agency going forward. By leveraging the full benefit of everything we're building globally, we can create a world where people in the United States and around the world live healthier, safer, and longer lives. [...] Research and innovation drive public health forward, extending the ability to protect people’s lives and livelihoods, no matter where they live. CDC’s global research and innovation work includes understanding why outbreaks are happening – uncovering who is getting sick, where, and why – and development of new diagnostics and assays that strengthen public health for generations to come.
Claim: Health authorities like the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discourage people from wearing face masks (Facebook users, 2020-04-08)
Evidence (2022-12-06): References - World Health Organization. Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard [cited 2022 Dec 5]. https://covid19.who.int - Kaiser Family Foundation. Global health policy: the U.S. & the global fund to fight AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. 2022 Sep 9 [cited 2022 Oct 25]. https://www.kff.org/global-health-policy/fact-sheet/the-u-s-the-global-fund-to-fight-aids-tuberculosis-and-malaria - Tappero JW, Cassell CH, Bunnell RE, Angulo FJ, Craig A, Pesik N, et al.; Global Health Security Science Group. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and its partners’ contributions to global health security. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(Suppl):S5–14. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar - Romano ER, Sleeman K, Hall-Eidson P, Zeh C, Bhairavabhotla R, Zhang G, et al. Contribution of PEPFAR-supported HIV and TB molecular diagnostic networks to COVID-19 testing preparedness in 16 countries. [Suppl]. Emerg Infect Dis. 2022; 23(Suppl):S59–S68. DOIGoogle Scholar - Marcenac P, McCarron M, Davis W, Igboh LS, Mott JA, Lafond KE, et al. Leveraging international influenza surveillance systems and programs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Emerg Infect Dis. 2022;28(Suppl):S26–S33. DOIGoogle Scholar - Cassell CH, Raghunathan PL, Henao O, Pappas-DeLuca KA, Rémy WL, Dokubo EK, et al. Global responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Emerg Infect Dis. 2022; 28(Suppl):S4–S7.