copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Nelang is a territory of Republic of China (Nelang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-10): Aksai Chin is a region administered by China partly in Hotan County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang[2] and partly in Rutog County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet and constituting the easternmost portion of the larger Kashmir region that has been the subject of a dispute between India and China since 1959.[1] It is claimed by India as part of its Leh District, Ladakh Union Territory. [...] See also - Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China - Arunachal Pradesh - Changtang - Demchok sector - Depsang Plains - Ladakh - List of locations in Aksai Chin - Nelang - Rutog County - Shaksgam Valley - Trans-Karakoram Tract - 2013 Depsang standoff [...] - ^ Google Earth Community posting Archived 8 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine, 10 April 2007 - ^ a b 費風 (11 May 2020). 中印邊境再爆衝突 150士兵毆鬥釀12傷. Hong Kong Economic Times (in Traditional Chinese). Retrieved 16 May 2020.
Claim: Nelang is a territory of Republic of China (Nelang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-29): It means that even if the 1963 agreement was considered ‘legal’, which it is not, China is today building a road on a territory that is only temporarily with China. It is clearly a provocation in retaliation for India refusing to budge in Depsang and Demchok in Ladakh.
Claim: Nelang is a territory of Republic of China (Nelang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-02-18): Demchok 500 km2, Chumar, Kaurik, Shipki La, Nelang and Laptha. All of these are controlled by India i.e. Kaurik & Shipki La (in Himachal Pradesh), Nelang Valley with areas Leptha, Pulam Sumda and Sang etc.(in Uttarakhand) are areas claimed by China as a part of the Ngari Prefecture of the Zanda County of Tibet, except the Demchok parcel which is 70% with China and 30% with India which is called New Demchok. However China claims all of it. There is another area called Barahoti section area whose grazing fields are named disputed by China, which is also in the state of Uttarakhand and is controlled by India. [...] Arunachal Pradesh is a state of India created on 20 January 1972, located in the far northeast. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south, and shares international borders with Burma in the east, Bhutan in the west, and the China in the north. The majority of the territory is claimed by China as part of South Tibet. The northern border of Arunachal Pradesh reflects the McMahon Line, a 1914 treaty between the United Kingdom and the Tibetan government which was never accepted by the Chinese government, was also considered invalid by Tibetans due to unmet condition specified in the treaty,[1] and not broadly enforced by the Indian government until 1950. This territory is administered by India.[2][3]
Claim: Nelang is a territory of Republic of China (Nelang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2015-10-27): China's claim on areas south of the McMahon Line, encompassed in the NEFA, were based on the traditional boundaries. India believes that the boundaries China proposed in Ladakh and Arunachal Pradesh have no written basis and no documentation of acceptance by anyone apart from China. The Indian government has argued that China claims the territory on the basis that it was under Chinese imperial control in the past,[25] while the Chinese government argues that India claims the territory on the basis that it was under British imperial control in the past.[28] The last Qing emperor's 1912 edict of abdication authorised its succeeding republican government to form a union of "five peoples, namely, Manchus, Han Chinese, Mongols, Muslims, and Tibetans together with their territory in its integrity."[29] However, the practice that India does not place a claim to the regions which previously had the presence of the Mauryan Empire and Chola Dynasty, but which were heavily influenced by Indian culture, further complicates the issue.[25] [...] In 2006, the Chinese ambassador to India claimed that all of Arunachal Pradesh is Chinese territory[47] amidst a military buildup.[48] At the time, both countries claimed incursions as much as a kilometre at the northern tip of Sikkim.[35] In 2009, India announced it would deploy additional military forces along the border.[49] In 2014, India proposed China should acknowledge a "One India" policy to resolve the border dispute.[50][51]
Claim: Nelang is a territory of Republic of China (Nelang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-10-10): It is situated between China's Xinjiang Province and the Union Territory of Ladakh, once the state of Jammu and Kashmir. [...] Nelang, Pulam Sumda,Sang, Jadhang and Lapthal( Uttarkashi district of Uttrakhand). [...] It extends from the easternmost point of Bhutan to a location close to the Talu Pass where Tibet, India, and Myanmar meet.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-12): Pulam Sumda is a small hilly village which lies in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India. Pulam Sumda is a part of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India, and claimed by Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China.[1] The Jadh Ganga, an important tributary of the Bhagirathi River, flows through this place. Some of the nearby villages are Jadhang, Sang and Nelang, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.[2][3] Geography [edit]See Geography of Dhumku, Nelang, Pulam Sumda, Sumla and Mana Pass area and Geography of Mana.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-03): China claims the Sang-Nelang-Pulam Sumda area in Uttarkashi district and the plains of Barahoti in Chamoli district as part of its Tibet province.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-12): Mana Pass and some of the nearby villages are Tirpani, Nelang and Pulam Sumda, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.[1] [...] Geography [edit]See geography of Dhumku, Nelang, Pulam Sumda, Sumla and Mana Pass area and geography of Mana.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-01-04): Himachal Pradesh – Kaurik & Shipki La, an ancient trade routem, Uttarakhand – Pulam Sumda & Barahoti Plains; Sikkim -: North Sikkim, a high-altitude snowbound plain area & Chumbi Valley, India–China–Bhutan tri-junction where Doklam is located and Arunachal Pradesh – Namkha Chu, Sumdorong Chu, Asaphila, Longju, Dichu, Yangtse, Fish Tail-1 & 2 in Dibang Valley and Lamang.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2005-11-26): Pulam Sumda is a small hilly village which lies in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India. Pulam Sumda is a part of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India, and claimed by Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China. Jadh Ganga, an important tributary of the Bhagirathi River, flows through this place. Some of the nearby villages are Jadhang (Sang) and Nelang, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.[1][2] See Geography of Dhumku, Nelang, Pulam Sumda, Sumla and Mana Pass area and Geography of Mana.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2005-11-26): Pulam Sumda is a small hilly village which lies in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India. Pulam Sumda is a part of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India, and claimed by Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China.[1] The Jadh Ganga, an important tributary of the Bhagirathi River, flows through this place. Some of the nearby villages are Jadhang, Sang and Nelang, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.[2][3] [...] See Geography of Dhumku, Nelang, Pulam Sumda, Sumla and Mana Pass area and Geography of Mana.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-04-09): - Trans-Karakoram Tract - Aksai Chin - Demchok sector - Chumar - Kaurik - Tashigang-Shipki La - Sang-Nelang-Pulam Sumda - Barahoti - Arunachal Pradesh (including Tawang)
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-08-22): The Report said: "The Indian side were most surprised that despite many and detailed explanations given by the Indian Government during the last six years, the Chinese side had again put forward a claim to Pulamsumda, which was well within Indian territory. The fact that the Chinese side quoted the letter of the Prime Minister of India of 26 September 1959 only showed that they had misunderstood that letter. When Premier Chou-En-lai, in his letter of 8 September 1959 [http://www.claudearpi.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/WhitePaper2NEW.pdf], accused India of having ‘invaded and occupied’ Puling Sumdo, the Indian Government were amazed, for Puling Sumdo was a Tibetan trade-mart north of the watershed, which had never been occupied by India." [...] The Indian Government reiterated: "But there was no cause for such a mistake, because even in the negotiations of 1954 the co-ordinates of the two places had been supplied to the Chinese Government. Pulamsumda was a camping-ground south of the watershed which had always been under Indian administration, whereas Puling Sumdo was a customary trade mart north of the watershed in Tibetan territory, and had never been occupied by India. It had been a trade-mart for centuries and it was as such a customary trade mart that it had been recognized in the 1954 Agreement."
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1999-02-22): Pulam Sumda is a small hilly village which lies in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India. Pulam Sumda is a part of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India, and claimed by Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China. Jadh Ganga, an important tributary of the Bhagirathi River, flows through this place. Some of the nearby villages are Jadhang (Sang) and Nelang, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-30): Susta territory [edit]Susta is another territory which is disputed between Nepal and India. It is currently controlled by India as a part of Bihar state. Media reported residents of a village in Susta claiming that Susta belongs to Nepal and they are Nepali citizens.[57] The 1816 Treaty of Sugauli defined Gandaki river as the international boundary between India and Nepal. The right bank of the river was under Nepal's control while the left bank was under India's control. Susta village was initially on the right bank when the treaty was signed and it was a part of Nepal. However, over the years, the Gandaki river changed its course and Susta moved to the left bank and is now currently under India's control.[57] The Government of Nepal has repeatedly stated that Susta belongs to Nepal and that the Indian government should return the area.[citation needed]
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-05-01): After this last confluence, the Mendi Gad is known as the Nilapani Gad, which continues another ~5 km west and converges with the northeast-to-southwest flowing Jadhang Gad (Jadhang river) at Naga. Sites along the Jadhang River include Jadhang (Sang), Pulam Sumdo, Jadhang Peak (5290 m), Sonam Peak, (5262 m), Tirpani, Pulam Sumda, Tsangchok, and Sumla near the LAC. [...] Some of the villages in the area are Sang, Jadhang, Nelang and Pulam Sumda, all of which lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.[2]
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-06-07): Almost 40 km away from the Pulam Sumda in Uttarkashi, such structures started showing up between April and May 2022. Incidents of increased activity in another region towards the east near Barahoti have been reported in the past too.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-10-10): Nelang, Pulam Sumda,Sang, Jadhang and Lapthal( Uttarkashi district of Uttrakhand).
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Pulam Sumda, India on the map — exact time, time zone Exact time and date — Pulam Sumda, India. [...] Pulam Sumda is located in the time zone India Standard Time. Data on the UTC standard, universal coordinated time.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-06): You can drive up to 23 km from Bhaironghati Forest Check Post to the Nelong Valley Checkpost (3,500 m / 11,485 ft). There was once a village at this check post, Nelong Village, but now only the ruins remain. Further ahead are other villages of the valley and Janak Tal, and to go there, you need permission, which is given in special cases only. The villages were inhabited by the Jadh tribe once. Nelong, Jadhang Village, Sumla, Dumka, Pulam Sumda, and Keelang were some of the villages here before the 1962 Sino-Indian War.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-07-07): The Sang-Nelang-Pulam Sumda region in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand is also claimed by China as part of its Tibet province. And The plains of Barahoti in the Chamoli district are also claimed by China as part of its Tibet province.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-06-10): "Almost 40 km away from the Pulam Sumda in Uttarkashi, such structures started showing up between April and May 2022. Incidents of increased activity in another region towards the east near Barahoti have been reported in the past too. Barahoti has frequently reported face-offs between Chinese and Indian troops in different areas. This would suggest the Chinese are enhancing their military presence across the sector," stated the report.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-12): The most problematic disputes of the region are between India and China along their disputed border in the Himalayan region (namely disputes over Aksai Chin, Depsang Plains, Demchok, Chumar, Kaurik, Shipki La, Barahoti, Nelang, Pulam Sumda, Sang, Jadhang and Lapthal, Trans – Karakoram Tract, Arunachal Pradesh), which have been worsening in recent years.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-23): The places are Nilang (also written as Nelang), a village located in the Jadh Ganga valley, Jadhang (or Jadhung) and Pulam Sumda, the latter two lying on the upper reaches, towards the India-Tibet frontier. The Line of Actual Control (LAC) with the Chinese army occupying Tibet is located on top of the ridge.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-06-10): In the Middle Sector, opposite Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh, there is a great chunk of territory claimed by China, which is hardly known to a common man in India. These areas are , Chumar, Kaurik, Shipki La, Nelang and Laptha. It is a 507 Km long belt but thinly held by India. Therefore, this region presents itself as an easy and a soft objective for China to capture in a limited border conflict, which would have larger impact in the current world geo-politics. These areas are Kaurik & Shipki La in Himachal Pradesh; Nelang Valley with areas Leptha, Pulam Sumda and Sang etc in Uttarakhand. These are claimed by China as a part of the Ngari Prefecture of the Zanda County of Tibet.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-01-01): Pulam Sumda is a small hilly village which lies in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India. Pulam Sumda is a part of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India, and claimed by Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China. The Jadh Ganga, an important tributary of the Bhagirathi River, flows through this place. Some of the nearby villages are Jadhang, Sang and Nelang, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2005-11-26): Pulam Sumda is a small hilly village which lies in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India. Pulam Sumda is a part of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India, and claimed by Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China.[1] The Jadh Ganga, an important tributary of the Bhagirathi River, flows through this place. Some of the nearby villages are Jadhang, Sang and Nelang, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.[2][3] See Geography of Dhumku, Nelang, Pulam Sumda, Sumla and Mana Pass area and Geography of Mana.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-01-13): When India and China exchanged middle sector maps in March 2002, differences in how the two countries saw the LAC was evident in four areas—Kaurik, Shipki La, Pulam Sumda and Barahoti plains. Maps on the western sector were not exchanged (although they were shown).
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of India (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-04-18): In Uttarakhand the disputed areas are- - Pulam Sumda - Barahoti Plains
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of People's Republic of China (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-12): Pulam Sumda is a small hilly village which lies in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India. Pulam Sumda is a part of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India, and claimed by Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China.[1] The Jadh Ganga, an important tributary of the Bhagirathi River, flows through this place. Some of the nearby villages are Jadhang, Sang and Nelang, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.[2][3] Geography [edit]See Geography of Dhumku, Nelang, Pulam Sumda, Sumla and Mana Pass area and Geography of Mana.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of People's Republic of China (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-06-07): Almost 40 km away from the Pulam Sumda in Uttarkashi, such structures started showing up between April and May 2022. Incidents of increased activity in another region towards the east near Barahoti have been reported in the past too.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of People's Republic of China (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-26): The People's Republic of China (PRC) officially, often called China (Chinese: 中国; pinyin: Zhōngguó; literally "Central State"), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country. Covering approximately 9,600,000 square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), it is the third or fourth largest country by total area.[16] Governed by the Communist Party of China, the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau. [...] - ↑ Gwillim Law, Provinces of China Statoids, November 5, 2015. Retrieved September 18, 2019.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of People's Republic of China (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-11): The People's Republic of China has an area of about 9,600,000 km2 (3,700,000 sq mi). The exact land area is sometimes challenged by border disputes, most notably about Taiwan, Aksai Chin, the Trans-Karakoram Tract, and South Tibet. The area of the People's Republic of China is 9,596,960 km2 (3,705,410 sq mi) according to the CIA's The World Factbook.[1] The People's Republic of China is either the third or fourth-largest country in the world, being either slightly larger or slightly smaller than the United States, depending on how the area of the United States is measured. Both countries are smaller than Russia and Canada and larger than Brazil. [...] Territory and boundary disputes [edit]The territory of China has been defined as a homeland for many different ethnic and racial groups in the country. However, the way that the territory has been defined varies between ethnic groups. In relation to the Han Chinese, the homeland has been defined by national borders which are more or less accepted internationally. This is because the Han Chinese are the largest population and have most influence politically than any other ethnic population in China. To the Han Chinese population, the territory of the country is defined by the regions of Tibet, inner Mongolia, Manchuria, and the Xinjiang Province which is the most western land of China. The Chinese territory is the second largest in land area and also has the longest combined land border in the world. However, there are many other ethnic groups in China that have their own definitions of what concerns the territory of China.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of People's Republic of China (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): Territorial disputes of the People's Republic of China This article is about territorial disputes of the People's Republic of China (PRC). A territorial dispute is a disagreement over the possession or control of land between two or more political entities. Many of China's territorial disputes result from the historical consequences of colonialism in Asia and the lack of clear historical boundary demarcations. Many of these disputes are almost identical to those that the Republic of China (ROC) based in Taipei, also known as Taiwan, has with other countries. Therefore, many of the subsequent resolved disputes made by the PRC after 1949 with other governments may not be recognized by the ROC.[1]
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of People's Republic of China (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-17): The territory of the People's Republic of China (PRC) has frequently been revised since its formation on 1 October 1949.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of People's Republic of China (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-08-22): The co-ordinates of Pulamsumda, however were different (31° 18' North and 79° 8' East) as Pulamsumda was located on the south of the Sutlej-Ganges watershed and over twenty miles distance from Puling Sumdo on the north of the watershed and while Pulamsumda was a camping ground and Puling Sumdo had been a trademart in Tibet for the people of Nilang-Jadhang. [...] The Report said: "The Indian side were most surprised that despite many and detailed explanations given by the Indian Government during the last six years, the Chinese side had again put forward a claim to Pulamsumda, which was well within Indian territory. The fact that the Chinese side quoted the letter of the Prime Minister of India of 26 September 1959 only showed that they had misunderstood that letter. When Premier Chou-En-lai, in his letter of 8 September 1959 [http://www.claudearpi.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/WhitePaper2NEW.pdf], accused India of having ‘invaded and occupied’ Puling Sumdo, the Indian Government were amazed, for Puling Sumdo was a Tibetan trade-mart north of the watershed, which had never been occupied by India."
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of People's Republic of China (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2005-11-26): Pulam Sumda is a small hilly village which lies in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India. Pulam Sumda is a part of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India, and claimed by Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China.[1] The Jadh Ganga, an important tributary of the Bhagirathi River, flows through this place. Some of the nearby villages are Jadhang, Sang and Nelang, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.[2][3] See Geography of Dhumku, Nelang, Pulam Sumda, Sumla and Mana Pass area and Geography of Mana.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of People's Republic of China (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-01-01): Pulam Sumda is a small hilly village which lies in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India. Pulam Sumda is a part of Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India, and claimed by Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China. The Jadh Ganga, an important tributary of the Bhagirathi River, flows through this place. Some of the nearby villages are Jadhang, Sang and Nelang, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.
Claim: Pulam Sumda is a territory of People's Republic of China (Pulam Sumda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-05): The People's Republic of China (PRC) (simplified Chinese: 中华人民共和国; traditional Chinese: 中華人民共和國) is a one-party state in East Asia governed by the Communist Party of China (CPC). It was founded on 1 October 1949. It currently has more than 1.4 billion people (as of 2017).[3] It covers an area of 9.6 million square kilometers.