copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2021-01-13): Indian authorities brought politically motivated cases, including under draconian sedition and terrorism laws, against human rights defenders, student activists, academics, opposition leaders, and critics, blaming them for the communal violence in February in Delhi as well as caste-based violence in Bhima Koregaon in Maharashtra state in January 2018. In both cases, BJP supporters were implicated in the violence. Police investigations in these cases were biased and aimed at silencing dissent and deterring future protests against government policies.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2015-05-10): Dharmaraj, S. (2019, January 9). India’s initiative for cyber crimes against women and children. Opengov. Retrieved 15 Jan 2019, from https://www.opengovasia.com/indias-initiative-for-cyber-crimes-against-women-and-children/ [...] Ministry of Home Affairs. (n.d.). Cybercrime reporting portal. Retrieved 10 Jan 2019, from https://cybercrime.gov.in/cybercitizen/home.htm [...] Kethineni, S. (2020). Cybercrime in India: Laws, Regulations, and Enforcement Mechanisms.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2022-07-27): Indian government has just issued a new warning to those who visit "forbidden" websites in India: the offenders may get a three-year jail sentence plus a fine of Rs 3 lakh ($4,465 USD). The implementation is assisted by Internet service providers.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2024-05-15): - The CCPA enforces the ‘Guidelines for Prevention of Misleading Advertisements and Endorsements for Misleading Advertisements, 2022’, which were issued per the powers conferred by the Consumer Protection Act, 2019. [...] - IPC prohibits obscene, defamatory, or inciteful advertisements.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2019-03-27): A video is being shared by many Facebook users which run with a narration that Government of India’s Crime Prevention Council of India has issued a notice asking people to restrain themselves from sharing political posts on any social media platform ahead of the 2019 General elections. Let’s try to analyze the authenticity of the notice and claims made in the video. [...] The name of the organisation ‘Crime Prevention Control of India’ might make one think that it is affiliated to the government but it is actually the name of an NGO. When visited the website address in the notice "cpcindiaonline.com", a letter addressing this issue was found in the ‘News and Events’ section. In the letter, its Chairman S K Pandey has clearly mentioned that CPCI is an NGO that works towards reducing crime in the country. He further went on to clarify that the notice with reference no. 0322 was not issued by the organisation but by a faulting officer Narendra Singh, who had been sacked for doing so. Lastly, the notice is not issued by any affiliated organisation of the government of India but it’s from an NGO.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2024-01-17): This could potentially include over the top (OTT) messaging applications such as WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger and Google – but the government has been tight-lipped about this ambiguity.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2020-07-06): The CCP has exerted even greater control over the press, film, radio, and television industries in recent years, including online video and streaming services. Since administrative restructuring occurred in March 2018, more agencies involved in media regulation, including online content, have been directly subordinated to the CCP’s Central Propaganda Department, although several continue to report to the State Council. Regardless, the Central Propaganda Department plays a leading role with regard to enforcing CCP’s political and ideological priorities through online regulation. [...] The government has significant control over digital news media and other information sources. Online discussion is subject to extensive manipulation, and user-generated content is highly regulated. Websites and social media accounts, other than those operated by official news outlets, are not legally allowed to produce news content, though the definition of what constitutes "news" is unclear. Propaganda officials systematically instruct internet outlets to amplify content from state media and downplay news that might generate public criticism of the government.1 [...] Since 2017, content manipulation and disinformation campaigns have increasingly extended even to platforms that are blocked in China, demonstrating an ability to influence online discourse internationally.11 The Oxford Internet Institute reported that in 2019, the Chinese government displayed "new-found interest in aggressively using Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube" to spread propaganda and disinformation.12
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2023-03-18): However, many independent online outlets, individual journalists, and ordinary users, including those from marginalized communities, continue to report on and speak publicly about controversial or political topics.9 - 1Sevanti Ninan, "How India’s news media have changed since 2014: Greater self-censorship, dogged digital resistance," Scroll, July 5, 2019, https://scroll.in/article/929461/greater-self-censorship-dogged-digital….; Kavitha Iyer, "India has launched a sharp assault on press freedom – but independent media is determined to resist," The Scroll, February 15, 2021, https://scroll.in/article/986981/as-more-indians-turn-to-independent-me…. [...] Manipulated content and disinformation spread by domestic actors, including political parties and leaders, continues to permeate the online environment in India. Analysts have raised concerns about the potential increase of content manipulation efforts ahead of the 2024 national elections.1 [...] People risk being arrested and detained for political, social, and religious speech or other forms of online content authorities deem objectionable or derogatory, especially during major political events.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2024-10-08): Now more than ever, we need to safeguard the free flow of information, given the proliferation of misinformation, disinformation, and government-imposed shutdowns of the Internet. The work of DGC is essential to providing the international community with accurate information, whether it’s about COVID, climate change, or conflict around the globe, including in Ukraine [...] We cannot stay silent. Fellow Council Members, we must seek and achieve justice for victims. [...] Ultimately, we must take care that our approaches to countering disinformation also do not inadvertently abuse or violate human rights and fundamental freedoms, which undergird our democracies – including freedom of expression, both online and offline.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2022-01-04): [315] Ibid; "Prohíben proyección en la USB del documental Chavismo: la peste del siglo XXI," El Nacional, October 9, 2019, https://www.elnacional.com/entretenimiento/prohiben-proyeccion-en-la-usb-del-documental-chavismo-la-peste-del-siglo-xxi/.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Prejudicing the interest of the government. [...] The following is an acceptable example of the notice: [...] Participating or intervening in a political campaign for, or against, any candidate for public office.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2019-04-04): 79 For more details on the 2019 general election, including the specifics of the electoral process, see Milan Vaishnav and Jamie Hintson, "The World’s Largest Election, Explained," Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, March 2019, https://carnegieendowment.org/publications/interactive/india-elects-2019. 80 Milan Vaishnav, "From Cakewalk to Contest: India’s 2019 General Election," Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, April 16, 2018, https://carnegieendowment.org/2018/04/16/from-cakewalk-to-contest-india-s-2019-general-election-pub-76084. [...] Furthermore, the aversion India’s upper classes have typically held toward statism appears to be shifting from social concerns to economic and material ones. Some of these contradictions have become apparent in the run-up to the 2019 elections. Economic issues related to employment, agrarian distress, and efficiency in public service delivery remain salient, despite national security concerns stemming from the aftermath of the Pulwama terrorist attack on Indian security forces in Jammu and Kashmir.
Claim: Indian government’s affiliate, Crime Prevention Council of India has released a notice asking online users to abstain from posting political propaganda content before the elections 2019. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-26)
Evidence (2024-07-20): - appearance notice appearance notice[Repealed, 2019, c. 25, s. 209] [...] (d) abstain from communicating, directly or indirectly, with any victim, witness or other person identified in the undertaking, except in accordance with any specified conditions; [...] (k) abstains from using the Internet or other digital network, unless doing so in accordance with conditions set by the judge (section 810.1 of the Criminal Code);
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2019-04-07): The numbers given in the post do not include the bills to be received and IAF BBJ Flights used by the Modi government. Also, if total travel expenses (Aircraft Maintenance, Flights and Hotline) instead of just expenditure on chartered flights are included, then it is found that Modi spent around Rs. 2000 crore on foreign travel while Manmohan spent around Rs 1350 crore. Hence the claim made in the post is MISLEADING.
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2024-09-09): The following is a list of international prime ministerial trips made by Manmohan Singh during his tenure as the Prime Minister of India between 22 May 2004 and 26 May 2014. The first overseas visit was to Thailand to attend the 1st BIMSTEC Summit in July 2004. [...] In his ten-year long tenure as the Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh made 72 foreign trips, visiting 46 countries including the United States to attend the United Nations General Assembly . Map of international trips made by Manmohan Singh as Prime Minister
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2013-06-09): A sum of over Rs 642 crore has been incurred on Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's air travels abroad in the last nine years. [...] The information reveals that Dr Singh undertook 67 trips since 2004 when he took over as Prime Minister. Of these, five bills have not yet been submitted. The bills received from the rest show that Rs 642.45 crore was spent on air travel. [...] The list of the Singh's visits shows maximum expenditure of Rs 26.94 crore was incurred on his seven-day long visit to Mexico and Brazil in 2012 to attend G20 Summit and Rio+20 Summit respectively.
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2018-07-21): Prime Minister Narendra Modi will add two more countries to the list of 84 nations he has visited over the past four years, when he flies to Africa next week . [...] A reply to a question asked during Rajya Sabha Question Hour revealed that in the past four years, the Prime Minister's foreign visits have cost the exchequer ₹1,484 crore. In contrast, Mr. Modi's predecessor, Manmohan Singh, spent ₹642 crore , less than half this amount in the nine years that he was Prime Minister. [...] A look at the data indicates that Mr. Modi has been on international trips for about 171 days in the last four years (About 12% of the total time as Prime Minister). Mr. Modi has visited China and the U.S. five times (the highest). He flew to the U.S. twice in 2016-17 and has visited China twice this year.
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2019-04-07): Till now, PM Modi has taken 44 trips to foreign countries, 6 more than his predecessor Manmohan Singh took during UPA-2. However, the expenses incurred on Modi’s foreign visits are almost Rs 50 crore lesser than that of the latter. As PM, Singh undertook 38 trips abroad in those five years, and incurred an expenditure of Rs 493.22 crore, while Modi has so far been charged Rs 443.4 crore for official foreign visits by Air India. [...] The reason behind lower cost despite more journeys is Modi’s formula of "single ticket double journey" or in other words, travelling to multiple destinations during an overseas trip, as he told HT in an interview. While Manmohan Singh travelled mostly to one or two destinations, Modi flew to as many as to six countries on a single trip when he visited Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in 2015; 16 of his trips were to multiple countries. Also, while during Singh’s tenure, Air India One was used even on short-haul tours, PM Modi used the business jet of the Indian Air Force (IAF) for six international trips, incurring no additional expense. Modi went to Nepal, Bangladesh, Iran and Singapore in the IAF’s Boeing 737 business jet that is used round the year exclusively for VVIP travel.
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2017-07-03): BJP president Amit Shah on Sunday said Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in his three years in office, had visited fewer countries than former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. This is not the first time Mr. Shah has drawn comparison between the number of foreign trips Mr. Modi and Mr. Singh have been on. Earlier in 2015, responding to Congress’ criticism about the number of trips Mr. Modi was taking , Mr. Shah said Mr. Singh had taken the same number of trips abroad. [...] Mr. Singh significantly upped the number of foreign tours he undertook during his second term as PM. However, that number — 36 — is nowhere close to Mr. Modi’s. Here is the year-wise break-up of data:
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2021-05-27): Though it’s Prime Minister Modi who has been in the limelight recently for his travels abroad, it turns out that ex-Prime Minister Manmohan Singh was no less either. Coimbatore city based activist Daniel Jesudass has discovered that the government spent more than Rs. 676 crores on the ex-Prime Minister’s foreign visits; a response was sought under the Right to Information (RTI) Act.According to the RTI reply, the government incurred these ginormous expenses between May 2004 and March 2013 as the ex- PM visited close to 36 countries.Singh first visited Bangkok from 29th July till 31st July, 2004 and this visit cost the government five crore thirty-eight lakh and ninety-five thousand rupees. On March 25 2013, the government spent ten crore ninety-four lakh and seventy-nine thousand rupees on his last visit to South Africa, as stated in the RTI reply.Jesudass had also sought information about expense details of the foreign visits made by former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee and incumbent Prime Minister Narendra Modi (up to April). However, the PMO has only shared information pertaining to Manmohan Singh’s visits. Jesudass also enquired, via the RTI, the expenses incurred by the state during US President, Barack Obama’s visit as well as the value of gift articles provided to visiting heads of state and other ministers. He has decided to approach the PMO again to ascertain whether the overseas visits of the PMs were actually beneficial or not.Here’s the RTI reply.
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2018-12-29): In comparison to PM Modi's term (5 months short of 5 years), Manmohan Singh's 50 odd trips during UPA II's five year term cost almost Rs 1,350 crore. [...] On the face of it, one can say that Modi has travelled more and made the nation spend much more than Manmohan Singh. But a back-of-the-envelope calculation reveals an interesting fact. If PM Modi travelled to 92 nations which cost Rs 2,021 crore, his per nation cost comes to almost Rs 22 crore. However, Manmohan Singh's trips cost Rs 1,350 crore on 50 nations which translates to Rs 27 crore per nation visit.
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2013-10-20): Over Rs 640 crore has been spent on PM's foreign trips since 2004 [...] Singh has surpassed Vajpayee and many other former prime ministers, earning the tag of "non-resident Prime Minister" with over 70 foreign trips and nearly Rs 650 crore spent on his travel since 2004, when he was sworn in as Prime Minister for the first time. In his second term, Singh has already made 36 foreign tours and embarked on 37th on Sunday, leaving on a five- day visit to Russia and China. [...] The list of Singh's visits shows the highest expenditure of Rs 26.94 crore during his seven- day visit to Mexico and Brazil in 2012 to attend G20 and Rio+ 20 Summit. This is followed by Rs 22.7 crore spent on travel to the USA and Brazil in 2010, when he had gone to attend the Nuclear Security Summit, BRIC Summit and IBSA Summit.
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2018-12-29): NEW DELHI: While Prime Minister Narendra Modi has often come under criticism for his frequent foreign tours, it transpires that his predecessor Manmohan Singh is not much behind, either in the number of trips or the expenses incurred on them. While Singh made 38 foreign trips during his second term (2009-14), incurring a total cost of approximately Rs 1,346 crore, Modi has so far undertaken 48 visits, costing nearly Rs 2,021 crore to the exchequer. The expenditure includes the cost of maintenance of the Prime Minister’s aircraft and setting up a secure hotline. According to information provided by the Ministry of External affairs in Parliament, the maintenance of chartered aircraft meant to fly the PM on foreign trips comprises bulk of the expenditure. The total maintenance cost during UPA-II under Singh was about Rs 842 crore while during the current NDA rule it’s about Rs 1,582 crore. The highest amount was probably spent on Modi’s nine-day tour of France, Germany and Canada between April 9 and 17, 2015.
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2018-04-02): Based on the information available on the PM’s website, more than 699 crore rupees were spent in 10 years on chartered flights for Manmohan Singh’s foreign visits, while more than 144 crore rupees were spent in 5 years on chartered flights for A B Vajpayee’s foreign visits. Details of expenses incurred on 5 visits undertaken by Manmohan Singh from September 2013 are still being processed and are not available. Expenses incurred on Narendra Modi’s foreign visits are still not available except for his Bhutan visit in June 2014. An amount of 2.45 crore rupees were spent on his Bhutan visit. [...] The total amount during Vajpayee’s term on foreign visits was Rs 144.43 crore. On the other hand, Manmohan Singh’s foreign visits costed a total of Rs 301.95 crore in his first term and Rs 397.35 crore in his second term. Though the number of countries visited and the number of days spent in foreign visits was not very different, the expenses incurred during Manmohan Singh’s first term were more than twice the expenses incurred during Vajpayee’s term as the Prime Minister between 1999 and 2004. [...] During Vajpayee’s term, an average of Rs 1.1 crore was spent per day of foreign visit while Rs 4.7 crore was spent per country of visit. These amounts doubled during Manmohan Singh’s first term with Rs 2.1 crore spent per day of visit and Rs 8.6 crore spent per country of visit. During Manmohan Singh’s second term, Rs 2.9 crore was spent per day of visit and Rs 12.8 crore was spent per country of visit.
Claim: While Manmohan Singh spent Rs 12 crore per trip i.e. Rs 493 crore on 38 trips, Modi spent only Rs 10 crore per trip i.e. Rs 443 crore on 44 trips. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-07)
Evidence (2013-06-09): The Prime Minister’s office on Friday disclosed Manmohan Singh’s foreign trip expenses since he became Prime Minister nine years ago as Rs 620 crores. This is to create transparency under section 4 of the RTI Act, 2005. The website lists 67 trips of which they have received bills for 64. While Singh’s first trip was to Bangkok in July 2004, his last listed trip was to Germany in April 2013. [...] The information was revealed after a huge controversy erupted in March 2012 over the fact that Pratibha Patil’s foreign trips cost the public exchequer a whopping Rs 205 crore, surpassing the record of all her predecessors.