copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2021-06-04): According to a video circulated via WhatsApp, the American Red Cross has allegedly claimed that people who have been vaccinated against covid-19 cannot donate plasma to treat others infected with SARS-CoV-2, as the vaccine "destroys the patients' natural antibodies". This is DECEITFUL. The American Red Cross has stated that not all patients can be admitted at the time to donate plasma from a convalescent, but this depends more on the type of vaccine that has been administered than on whether or not the vaccine has been received. In any case, donation is not refused, but in certain cases it is requested to be delayed for two weeks for some types of vaccines. "Those people who have received covid-19 vaccine can not donate plasma from convalescent […] since, although plasma is made from antibodies from people who have already recovered from the virus, the vaccine eliminates them, making convalescent plasma ineffective in other covid-19 patients". The American Red Cross has issued a statement clarifying that it is not denying plasma donations from convalescents to patients who have been previously vaccinated but is setting waiting times for specific cases. "We are following the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) donor admission guide for those who have received a vaccine against covid-19", they say on their website. "Waiting times [for donation] can vary depending on the type of vaccine administered", they add.
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2024-01-01): As a precaution, donors need to wait 3 days after receiving each COVID-19 vaccine before donating blood, plasma, or platelets. This wait time applies to all COVID-19 vaccinations, regardless of which vaccine you receive. [...] Donors need to wait three days after any COVID-19 vaccination to make sure they have had no side effects and are feeling healthy and well on the day of donation. This wait time currently applies to all COVID-19 vaccinations, regardless of which vaccine donors receive. [...] COVID-19 vaccine studies show most temporary symptoms occur in the two days following vaccination. As always, we need donors to feel healthy and well on the day of donation. We also encourage people to donate before they receive their COVID-19 vaccination or after three days if they remain well. If you have had a side effect, please wait until you are fully recovered before donating.
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2021-05-25): The claim: Red Cross says people vaccinated against COVID-19 cannot donate plasma [...] But for anyone vaccinated with any of the COVID-19 shots authorized in the U.S. – namely, Moderna, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson – there are no deferral periods constraining blood or plasma donation. If the vaccine was received overseas or the brand unknown, the wait time could then be two weeks, according to a joint statement released on April 16 by the American Association of Blood Banks, America's Blood Centers and the American Red Cross. [...] The claim that COVID-19 vaccine recipients cannot donate plasma to the Red Cross is FALSE, based on our research. The Red Cross confirmed that it is accepting blood and plasma donations from people who have received a U.S.-authorized COVID-19 vaccine, and donors do not have to wait to give blood after receiving the vaccine. Taking a COVID-19 vaccine does not hinder a person's other antibodies.
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2022-10-26): If you’re thinking about donating your blood but you just got the COVID-19 vaccine or are planning to get it soon, there are few things you need to keep in mind before you give. [...] But to be eligible, you’ll need to know and be able to give the name of your COVID-19 vaccine’s manufacturer. Approved manufacturers include Johnson & Johnson, Moderna, Novavax, and Pfizer. You can donate as long as you don't have symptoms of COVID-19 and feel well when you’re about to donate. [...] But if you’ve had the COVID-19 vaccine, the FDA allows you to give convalescent plasma only within 6 months of your initial COVID-19 infection. To be eligible, you need to have sufficient antibodies from the virus, not the vaccine. This is because the antibodies you develop from the viral infection are different from those you develop after you’ve had the vaccine.
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2024-01-01): LOS ANGELES, April 22, 2021 — This spring as COVID-19 vaccines become more available and people resume some of their favorite activities, the American Red Cross is reminding the public that the need for blood remains. Healthy individuals are encouraged to make a blood donation appointment now. But what about those who’ve received a COVID-19 vaccine – can they donate? As long as donors are symptom-free, feeling well and can provide the vaccine manufacturer’s name, there’s no waiting period required after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine currently authorized in the U.S. Additional blood donation eligibility information is available at RedCrossBlood.org/Eligibility. [...] The Red Cross is testing blood, platelet and plasma donations for COVID-19 antibodies. The test may indicate if the donor’s immune system has produced antibodies to this coronavirus, regardless of whether they developed symptoms. Testing may also identify the presence of antibodies developed after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine.
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2022-04-27): "[T]he American Red Cross accepts and uses donations from vaccinated people," a spokesperson for the American Red Cross told us in an email. "Blood donations from individuals who have received a COVID-19 vaccine are not ‘contaminated’ and are safe for blood transfusion. The COVID-19 vaccine is designed to generate an immune response to help protect an individual from illness, but vaccine components themselves are not found within the bloodstream." [...] Last year, we debunked a false claim about the Red Cross not accepting convalescent plasma donations from people who had received a COVID-19 vaccine because, the claim wrongly said, vaccination would "wipe out" people’s antibodies. Convalescent plasma is the plasma, or clear fluid part of blood, of people who have recovered from a disease. It contains potentially protective antibodies against that disease. [...] American Red Cross (@RedCross). "While updated FDA guidance allows donations from those who received a COVID-19 vaccine to be processed into convalescent plasma, it would require complex Red Cross system updates & delay our ability to meet immediate needs of immunocompromised patients with the virus. (2/3)" Tweet. 20 Apr 2022.
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2021-07-28): The Red Cross, like all blood collectors in the U.S., is required to follow the eligibility guidelines by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, including guidance regarding blood donor eligibility related to those who receive a COVID-19 vaccine. You can donate after COVID-19 vaccination. Please come prepared to share the manufacturer name of the vaccine you received. [...] Q: I’ve heard claims that the Red Cross refuses to accept convalescent plasma from individuals who have received a COVID-19 vaccine because it wipes out the antibodies. Is this true? A: There are claims circulating that incorrectly state that the Red Cross will not accept convalescent plasma donations from those who have received the COVID-19 vaccine because "the vaccine wipes out those antibodies making the convalescent plasma ineffective in treating other COVID-19 patients." This is not accurate.
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2023-01-27): Amid ongoing misinformation about COVID-19 vaccinations and blood donation, America’s Blood Centers, the Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies (AABB), and the American Red Cross reiterate the safety of America’s blood supply and assure the public that vaccines do not pose a risk to patients receiving blood transfusions. Blood donations from individuals who have received a COVID-19 vaccine approved or authorized for use in the U.S. are safe for transfusion. Similar to other vaccines such as those for measles, mumps or influenza, COVID-19 vaccines are designed to generate an immune response to help protect an individual from illness, but vaccine components themselves do not replicate through blood transfusions or alter a blood recipients’ DNA. In summary, there is no scientific evidence that demonstrates adverse outcomes from the transfusions of blood products collected from vaccinated donors and, therefore, no medical reason to distinguish or separate blood donations from individuals who have received a COVID-19 vaccination.
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2022-03-02): The claim is not accurate. The British Red Cross does not collect or supply blood in the UK. The Northern Ireland Blood Transfusion Service states that you must wait for seven days after receiving your COVID vaccination before you can donate. In the US, such claims about their Red Cross have been found to be inaccurate. On Facebook, posts are being shared that claim the Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID-19. Furthermore, a post asks how this supposed policy will affect the availability of blood donations to the NHS. [...] Donating blood after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2021-02-23): The Red Cross is following FDA blood donation eligibility guidance for those who receive the COVID-19 vaccination. Deferral times for donations may vary depending on which brand of vaccine you received. If you’ve received a COVID-19 vaccine, you’ll need to provide the manufacturer name when you come to donate. In most cases, there is no deferral time for individuals who received a COVID-19 vaccine as long as they are symptom-free and feeling well at the time of donation. If you have further eligibility questions, please call 1-800-RED CROSS. Regardless, of the type of vaccine an individual receives, all donors must be symptom-free and feeling well at the time of donation. If an individual is experiencing any symptoms from the COVID-19 vaccine, the Red Cross asks that they postpone their donation until they are feeling better. [...] The Red Cross is committed to the safety of donors, staff, and volunteers. We only collect blood from donors who are healthy and symptom-free. No matter which COVID-19 vaccine you receive, please do not present to donate unless you are symptom-free and feeling well. Mild side effects can occur after the administration of vaccines of any type, although they usually disappear within a few days. If you experience any side effects, please wait to donate until you are feeling well.
Claim: The Red Cross is refusing blood donations from anyone who has received a vaccination for COVID. (Adrienne Bell, 2021-05-23)
Evidence (2024-05-01): Clinicians across the country have experienced a rise in patient requests to avoid blood products from donors vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 (referred hereafter using the more commonly used disease term COVID-19). Patient concerns regarding blood transfusions from donors vaccinated against COVID-19 are often centered around vaccine-related worries that can be propagated across social media platforms. This issue has become so pervasive that the Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies (Bethesda, Maryland), America’s Blood Centers (Washington, D.C.), and the American Red Cross (Washington, D.C.) issued a joint statement earlier this year reassuring patients of the safety of the blood supply in America.1 [...] Patient concerns over the safety of the blood supply because of potential COVID-19 vaccination status of donors is an increasingly encountered clinical dilemma. Requests to avoid blood products from donors vaccinated against COVID-19 present a number of challenges given that it is not possible in our current blood banking infrastructure to distinguish units of blood that have been received from donors vaccinated or not vaccinated against COVID-19. Collaborative, nonhurried, and nonjudgmental conversations using a shared decision-making framework are paramount when working through this concern with patients in the perioperative period. Policy development should be implemented at the institutional level to provide consistent guidance to clinicians, including what options are available for a particular patient.
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2020-09-22): This claim is not accurate. The probability of a randomly selected resident of Great Britain dying from January to October 2020, with COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate, was over 3,000 times higher than the average probability of dying as a pedestrian in an accident involving a bus or a coach in the same period.
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2020-04-01): Method: Our study therefore investigated the injury risk of public bus passengers involved in collision incidents and non-collision incidents comparatively, based on a police-reported dataset of 17,383 passengers injured on franchised public buses over a 10-year period in Hong Kong. A random parameters logistic model was established to estimate the likelihood of fatal and severe injuries to passengers as a function of various factors. Results: Our results indicated substantial inconsistences in the effects of risk factors between models of non-collision injuries and collision injuries. The severity of passenger injuries tended to increase significantly when non-collision incidents occurred due to excessive speed of bus drivers, on double-decker buses, in less urbanized areas, in winter, in heavy rains, during daytime, and at night without street lighting. Elderly female passengers were also found more likely to be fatally or severely injured in non-collision incidents if they lost their balance while boarding, alighting from, or standing on a bus. In comparison, the following factors were associated with a greater likelihood of fatal or severe injuries in collision incidents: elderly female passengers, standing passengers who lost balance, buses out of driver control, double-decker buses, collisions with vehicles or objects, and less urbanized areas. Practical Applications: Based on our comparative analysis, more targeted countermeasures, namely "4E" (engineering, enforcement, emergency, and education) and "3A" (awareness, appreciation, and assistance), were recommended to mitigate collision injuries and non-collision injuries to public bus passengers, respectively.
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2021-02-01): Table 1 presents the number of fatalities resulting from collisions with different vehicle types, in absolute numbers and as a proportion of all fatalities on the road type. Cars or taxis are associated with two-thirds of fatalities, followed by lorries at 16.5%, vans at 9%, buses at 5.3%, motorcycles at 2.3% and cycles at 0.4%. The proportions vary by road type, with lorries associated with more fatal collisions on rural major roads relative to other road types (23.6% of fatalities on such roads), and buses with relatively more fatalities on urban major roads (9.3% of fatalities) and urban minor roads (7.8%). [...] We found substantially higher ORU fatality risk associated with buses and lorries, compared with cars or vans. The risk posed by motorcycles lies in-between large vehicles and cars/vans. Cycles generate the lowest risk per km travelled. Major roads generate higher ORU fatality risk for most modes, except lorries. Male drivers/riders are associated with 2–4 times higher risk per km than female drivers/riders with two exceptions: buses with more similar risks, and motorcycles where men pose a much higher risk. [...] More research is needed studying the high risk posed by lorries and buses, as well as better data. Operators often have detailed data on fleet activity, including incidents and collisions (sometimes near misses). However, given the magnitude of these risks, arguably there is a public interest obligation on operators to make data available, and on public bodies letting contracts or franchises to incorporate such a duty.
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2023-12-19): Motor vehicle accidents were the most likely type of transportation to cause preventable deaths in the United States, with a person born in 2020 having a one in 101 chance of dying in a motor vehicle accident. At the other end of the scale is bus travel, where passengers have a one in 305,644 chance of being in a fatal accident. [...] National Safety Council. (March 29, 2022). Lifetime odds of dying in a transport accident in the United States in 2020, by mode of transport* [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved October 09, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1035171/transport-accident-fatality-odds-united-states/ [...] Lifetime odds of dying in a transport accident in the United States in 2020, by mode of transport* [Graph], National Safety Council, March 29, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1035171/transport-accident-fatality-odds-united-states/
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2022-02-24): But contrast those odds to vehicular fatalities. In the same article, the NSC reported that the odds of dying in a car accident in the US over a lifetime was about one in 83. While the number of global vehicle passengers and drivers may not be known, the World Health Organization estimates that 1.2 million people die each year in road traffic accidents (roughly half of which are pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists). So even though we drive more than we fly, with apologies to Jack Kerouac and George Clooney, it seems that there is basis for the claim that on the road is more dangerous than up in the air.
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2020-12-17): - Drivers or passengers in cars or light trucks faced a fatality risk of 7.3 per billion passenger-miles: "A person who was in a motor vehicle for 30 miles every day for a year faced a fatality risk of about 1 in 12,500. Relative to mainline trains, buses and commercial aviation the risk was 17, 67, and 112 times greater, respectively." [...] - Gender and youth play are significant factors in fatality risk: Males are three times more likely to die in a road accident than females, while people between the ages of 18 and 29 are at a 50% to 90% greater risk. [...] - The fatality rate per billion passenger-miles for buses is relatively low, 0.11. However, this is still 65% greater than that for aviation, and doesn’t include victims of crime. (Also, see statistics on "curbside" bus services.)
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2016-02-09): In the United States, people are much more likely to die while walking on a roadway than from tuberculosis or getting mauled by an animal, the odds show. In the United States, there were about 37,000 deaths from "transport accidents" (including car, train, motorcycle and boat accidents). This number includes 6,200 pedestrians who died in transportation collisions — such as crashes with cars, trucks, bikes and trains — meaning that 2 pedestrians died per 100,000 people. In fact, more pedestrians died in the United States than motorcyclists (about 4,100 deaths) and bicyclists (about 900 deaths) combined, according to CDC Wonder. But death rates from vehicle accidents are still the highest: More than 7,800 people died in a car, pickup truck, van, heavy transport vehicle (such as a semitruck) or bus accident in 2014. That's 2.5 per 100,000 people, according to CDC Wonder.
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2024-01-01): The largest number of motor vehicle crash deaths occurs among occupants of passenger vehicles, including cars, minivans, pickups, SUVs, and cargo/large passenger vans. The likelihood of a crash death varies markedly among these vehicle types according to size. Small vehicles have less structure to absorb crash energy, so crash forces on occupants will be higher. People in lighter vehicles are at a disadvantage in collisions with heavier vehicles (Puckett & Kindelberger, 2016 ). Pickups and SUVs are more likely than cars to be in fatal single-vehicle crashes, especially rollovers. However, pickups and SUVs generally are heavier than cars, so occupant deaths in SUVs and pickups are less likely to occur in multiple-vehicle crashes. [...] Frontal impacts accounted for 59% of passenger vehicle occupant deaths in 2022. Side impacts accounted for another 22% of passenger vehicle occupant deaths. [...] Deaths in all crashes*
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2024-01-01): The chart below shows the likelihood, or odds, of dying as a result of a specific type of accident. The odds of dying over a one-year period are based on the U.S. population as a whole, not on participants in any particular activity or on how dangerous that activity may be. For example, more people are killed in auto accidents than in motorcycle accidents or airplane crashes, not because riding a motorcycle or traveling in an airplane is more or less dangerous, but because far more people travel by car.
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2022-02-26): This claim is not accurate. The probability of a randomly selected resident of Great Britain dying from January to October 2020, with COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate, was over 3,000 times higher than the average probability of dying as a pedestrian in an accident involving a bus or a coach in the same period. A much-shared Facebook post included the claim: "You’ve got more chance of dying from being hit by a bus than you are of dying from ‘covid-19." [...] Put another way, the probability that a randomly selected Great Britain resident died from January to October 2020 with COVID-19 mentioned on their death certificate was therefore 3,035 times more likely than a randomly selected individual dying as a pedestrian in an accident involving a bus or a coach in any ten months from 2013 to 2019 (60,707 COVID-19 registered deaths/19.92 deaths by bus collision).
Claim: There is a greater chance of dying in a bus collision than by COVID-19. (Viral social media post, 2020-09-22)
Evidence (2020-10-13): According to this website there is approximately a 1 in 2m chance of getting hit by a bus in the UK each year. Extremely unlikely I’m sure you’ll agree.