copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: The Impossible Whopper has 44 mg of estrogen and the whopper has 2.5 ng of estrogen (James Stanger, 2019-12-20)
Evidence (2020-11-10): Dr. Stangle cautioned that Impossible’s meat substitute, which debuted in the spring of 2019 and started earning contracts with fast-food joints across America later on in the year, contained "18 million times as much estrogen as a regular whopper." He reasoned that eating four Impossible Burgers a day was enough to "grow boobs on a male." Dr. Stangle’s conclusion appeared in headlines all across the internet, then broke Facebook’s algorithm, because of course it did. There was only one problem: it wasn’t true. Writers from The Atlantic, The Washington Post and even Fox News were all quick to point out that the soy in Impossible meat does not include estrogen as we’re familiar with it (a mammalian hormone), but phytoestrogen, a compound found in plants. Nations that top the charts in soy consumption, which are mostly Asian, have not reported gynecomastia (the swelling of male breast tissue) at heightened clips. Meanwhile, the link between soy isoflavones and a reduction in testosterone has proven dubious in clinical research. If overdosing on soy phytoestrogen does wacky things to the male body, science just hasn’t seen it yet. In fact, soy-rich diets have actually been connected with improvements in heart health and blood pressure.
Claim: The Impossible Whopper has 44 mg of estrogen and the whopper has 2.5 ng of estrogen (James Stanger, 2019-12-20)
Evidence (2020-01-31): The impossible whopper is being advertised by Burger King as a plant based alternative to the whopper. When food manufacturers started talking about making artificial meat, I, too, thought it would be impossible to make a hamburger cheaply enough to make it competitive. You see, I assumed that they would have to buy the individual amino acids (the building blocks for protein) and chemically string them together in the proper order, then remove the reagents (chemicals needed to cause the chain reactions) and then add something to give it the right textures [...] The impossible whopper has 630 calories, mostly from the added oils. The whopper has 660 calories. So, about 5% less calories, this is not a huge improvement. [...] Now, let’s compare the estrogen hormone in an impossible whopper to the whopper made from hormone implanted beef. Now let me refresh your metric system. There are 1 million nanograms (ng) in one milligram (mg). That means an impossible whopper has 18 million times as much estrogen as a regular whopper. Just six glasses of soy milk per day has enough estrogen to grow boobs on a male. That’s the equivalent of eating four impossible whoppers per day. You would have to eat 880 pounds of beef from an implanted steer to equal the amount of estrogen in one birth control pill....
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2023-11-30): Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can be spread by skin-to-skin contact, often through vaginal, anal, or oral sex. While many HPV infections are eventually cleared by the body’s immune system, certain types of HPV can cause cancers of the cervix, vagina, vulva, penis, anus, or back of the throat. HPV vaccination, combined with regular cervical cancer screenings, can reduce the risk of cervical cancer.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2017-08-01): A cluster analysis of serious adverse event reports after human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Danish girls and young women, September 2009 to August 2017.Euro Surveill. 2019 May;24(19):1800380. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.19.1800380. Euro Surveill. 2019. PMID: 31088598 Free PMC article. [...] Reports of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome After Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System.J Adolesc Health. 2017 Nov;61(5):577-582. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.08.004. J Adolesc Health. 2017. PMID: 29061232 - Autonomic dysfunction and HPV immunization: an overview.Immunol Res. 2018 Dec;66(6):744-754. doi: 10.1007/s12026-018-9036-1. Immunol Res. 2018. PMID: 30478703 Review.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2022-02-01): Concern has been raised about whether HPV vaccines might cause serious neurological disorders including postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and chronic regional pain syndrome (CRPS). The European Medicines Agency (EMA) investigated the issue and declared in 2015 that there is no link between HPV vaccines and serious neurological adverse events. However, the certainty conveyed in EMA’s official report is undermined by a leaked, confidential document that reveals important disagreements among the experts. Furthermore, in its assessments, EMA relied on the data the drug companies had provided to them even though it had been demonstrated that the companies had underreported possible neurological harms. Even though active comparators were used (aluminium adjuvants and other vaccines), our research group found significantly more serious neurological harms in the HPV vaccine groups than in the comparator groups in a systematic review based on clinical study reports in EMA’s possession. We outline areas where we believe the basis for EMA’s decision was flawed; highlight that the relationship between HPV vaccines and POTS remains uncertain; and suggest ways forward to resolve the uncertainty and debate. [...] Concern has been raised about whether HPV vaccines might cause serious neurological disorders including postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and chronic regional pain syndrome (CRPS).1 Based on a request from Danish authorities, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) investigated the issue and published a 40-page report in November 2015 concluding that ‘the evidence does not support a causal association between HPV vaccination and CRPS and/or POTS’.1
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2024-10-09): The roll-out of HPV vaccines is a milestone in the global fight against cancer. Since the vaccines are safe and highly effective at preventing infection with the riskiest forms of human papillomavirus (HPV), countries with high vaccination coverage have already seen infection rates plummet among young women. Dramatic reductions in cases of cervical cancer are expected to follow as these women grow older. [...] Current HPV vaccines target high-risk forms of the virus – including the HPV-16 and HPV-18 strains, which cause 70% of cervical cancers. Newer vaccines are being introduced that protect against further strains, but even these will not protect against every cancer-associated type of HPV, so cervical cancer screening continues to be recommended for young women who have been vaccinated. [...] However, the nature of cervical cancer screening is changing thanks to recent innovations that have made it far easier and cost effective to deliver this life-saving intervention.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2014-11-01): Autonomic dysfunction and HPV immunization: an overview - PMID: 30478703 - DOI: 10.1007/s12026-018-9036-1 [...] This article reviews the case series reported from several countries describing patients with suspected severe side effects to the HPV vaccines. The described symptom clusters are remarkably similar and include disabling fatigue, headache, widespread pain, fainting, gastrointestinal dysmotility, limb weakness, memory impairment episodes of altered awareness, and abnormal movements. This constellation of symptoms and signs has been labeled with different diagnoses such as complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), small fiber neuropathy (SFN), myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), or fibromyalgia. It is known that autoimmunity and autoantibodies are present in a subset of patients with CRPS, POTS, SFN, ME/CFS, and fibromyalgia. This article proposes that vaccine-triggered, immune-mediated autonomic dysfunction could lead to the development of de novo post-HPV vaccination syndrome possibly in genetically susceptible individuals. Being cognizant that a temporal relationship between vaccination and symptom onset does not necessarily equate to causality, mounting evidence of case series calls for well-designed case-control studies to determine the prevalence and possible causation between these symptom clusters and HPV vaccines. Since personalized medicine is gaining momentum, the use of adversomics and pharmacogenetics may eventually help identify individuals who are predisposed to HPV vaccine adverse events. [...] Hypothesis: Human papillomavirus vaccination syndrome--small fiber neuropathy and dysautonomia could be its underlying pathogenesis.Clin Rheumatol. 2015 Jul;34(7):1165-9. doi: 10.1007/s10067-015-2969-z. Epub 2015 May 20. Clin Rheumatol. 2015. PMID: 25990003 Review.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2018-06-01): HPV vaccination and the effects on rates of HPV-related cancers - PMID: 30041818 - DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2018.06.004 HPV vaccination and the effects on rates of HPV-related cancers Globally, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infection. HPV is linked to at least five malignancies including vulvar, vaginal, anal penile, oropharyngeal, and cervical cancer. Three HPV vaccines are currently available: bivalent (HPV 16,18), quadrivalent (HPV 6,11,16,18), and nonavalent (6,11,16,18,31,33,45,52,58) targeting between 2 and 7 oncogenic HPV serotypes. This review highlights the currently epidemiologic burden of HPV-related cancers, efficacy of current HPV vaccines, and speculates about the benefits of widespread HPV vaccination. At present, all three vaccines are effective in reducing cervical disease and anogenital dysplasia in industry sponsored clinical trials and in limited study of clinical effectiveness. Models predict elimination of HPV infection with global vaccination rates of 80% and benefits in reducing malignancy at 20% global coverage. Large population-based clinical efficacy studies of these vaccines will be necessary to assess the true impact of vaccination. HPV vaccines provide a promising primary approach to preventing malignancy and barriers to vaccine access must be addressed to meet vaccination goals.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2018-09-28): HPV vaccine and autoimmune diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature - PMID: 30397675 - PMCID: PMC6196376 - DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2018.59.3.998 [...] Methods: We carried out a systematic review to identify all scientific publications dealing with the correlation between vaccine anti-papillomavirus and new onset of autoimmune diseases. We searched the main scientific databases (PubMed, Sciverse Scopus, Web of knowledge and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials) for the following search terms: "vaccine"; "anti-papillomavirus"; "autoimmune"; "disease"; "disorder". To evaluate the safety of HPV vaccines, the dichotomous data on the number of subjects experiencing an autoimmune disorder in the study vaccine group and the placebo group were extracted from each study with subsequent determination of the risk ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. We combined data statistically using a random effects model. Results: We conduct a meta-analysis on six studies on bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccine. The total number of subjects included in the meta-analysis comprised 243,289 in the vaccine group and 248,820 in control groups. Four of the six trials had a Jadad score of 3 or 4 indicating an adequate trial quality. The most frequent autoimmune disease observed across the six studies were musculoskeletal,CNS conditions and endocrinological conditions . The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated no correlation between autoimmune disorders and HPV vaccines (pooled OR 1.038, 95% CI 0.689-1.562).
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2015-09-07): Whereas safety and efficacy of HPV vaccines in healthy women have been shown in several randomised controlled clinical trials and in post marketing analyses, only few data exist in patients affected by autoimmune diseases. These issues are significant as autoimmune conditions are recognised as a risk factor for the persistence of HPV infection. Herein we review and systematise the existing literature to assess immunogenicity and safety of HPV vaccination in patients with autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The results of our literature revision suggest that the HPV vaccines are efficacious and safe in most of the patients affected by autoimmune diseases. Yet, some points of concern remain to be tackled, including the effects of concomitant therapies, the risk of disease exacerbation and the cost-effectiveness of such immunisation programmes in these populations. Keywords: Autoimmune diseases; Cost-effectiveness; HPV vaccines; Safety. [...] On the relationship between human papilloma virus vaccine and autoimmune diseases.Autoimmun Rev. 2014 Jul;13(7):736-41. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.054. Epub 2014 Jan 24. Autoimmun Rev. 2014. PMID: 24468416 Review.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2019-06-14): Cons - The HPV vaccine can cause side effects. However, these are rare. To date, no serious side effects have been shown to be caused by the vaccines. [...] Most people receive the HPV vaccine without having any serious side effects. Mild to moderate side effects occur more often but are still uncommon. Mild to moderate side effects can include: [...] Some people are concerned that HPV vaccination may have serious side effects or long-term impact, such as on fertility.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2022-12-15): Additionally, we prioritized the most recent national and international recommendations on human papillomavirus vaccination for inclusion in the human papillomavirus vaccination guidelines and recommendations section. [...] Several studies have confirmed the cost effectiveness of a gender neutral strategy when considering the impact on all human papillomavirus related diseases, including penile and oropharyngeal cancer.6870 The US, Australia, and about half of European countries currently include boys in vaccination programs.71 No country in Africa offers human papillomavirus vaccination to boys as part of its national program.72 [...] Human papillomavirus vaccination is highly effective in preventing infection with the virus,87 cervical pre-cancers,52 ICC,53 and several other diseases.88 The near elimination of cervical cancer is possible in countries with robust uptake of the vaccine. Opportunities to increase the uptake of human papillomavirus vaccine exist in several domains. However, vaccine distribution continues to be inequitable among and within countries according to income, race/ethnicity, and gender. Given global disparities, most LMICs will be delayed by decades in achieving, or will never achieve, near elimination of cervical cancer. The covid-19 pandemic has further set some countries back. Deliberate action will be needed to unwind these deeply rooted inequities. Inaction will only perpetuate them, further widening the gap between countries and people of wealth and those who are less privileged.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2018-11-27): This article reviews the case series reported from several countries describing patients with suspected severe side effects to the HPV vaccines. The described symptom clusters are remarkably similar and include disabling fatigue, headache, widespread pain, fainting, gastrointestinal dysmotility, limb weakness, memory impairment episodes of altered awareness, and abnormal movements. This constellation of symptoms and signs has been labeled with different diagnoses such as complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), small fiber neuropathy (SFN), myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), or fibromyalgia. It is known that autoimmunity and autoantibodies are present in a subset of patients with CRPS, POTS, SFN, ME/CFS, and fibromyalgia. This article proposes that vaccine-triggered, immune-mediated autonomic dysfunction could lead to the development of de novo post-HPV vaccination syndrome possibly in genetically susceptible individuals. Being cognizant that a temporal relationship between vaccination and symptom onset does not necessarily equate to causality, mounting evidence of case series calls for well-designed case-control studies to determine the prevalence and possible causation between these symptom clusters and HPV vaccines. Since personalized medicine is gaining momentum, the use of adversomics and pharmacogenetics may eventually help identify individuals who are predisposed to HPV vaccine adverse events. [...] Arnheim-Dahlstrom L, Pasternak B, Svanstrom H, Sparen P, Hviid A. Autoimmune, neurological, and venous thromboembolic adverse events after immunisation of adolescent girls with quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in Denmark and Sweden: cohort study. BMJ. 2013;347:f5906.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2021-10-22): Reports of serious health issues after HPV vaccination were consistently rare—around 1.8 per 100,000 HPV vaccine doses, or 0.0018%. A total of 758 serious health problems that arose after HPV vaccination were reported in VAERS during that time. Meanwhile, the rate of nonserious health issues following HPV vaccination reported in VAERS dropped from 43 to 28 per 100,000 vaccine doses. [...] Another CDC-funded vaccine safety program, the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD), also performs vaccine safety studies, including those based on reports to VAERS. A recent VSD study of the 9-valent HPV vaccine (Gardasil 9), for example, tracked new vaccinations over a 2-year period and identified no new safety issues. [...] HPV vaccines can cause pain, swelling, and redness where the shot was given, as well as headaches, tiredness, and nausea. The most common serious side effects of HPV vaccination are dizziness and fainting. There is no evidence that HPV vaccines lead to infertility or autoimmune diseases, although these are common myths.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2023-11-30): An article published by Children’s Health Defense on 7 November 2023 claimed that a campaign for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in low- and middle-income countries will result in a "mass casualty event" due to serious side effects caused by the vaccine. Purported side effects of the HPV vaccine include autoimmune and neurological disorders such as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). We previously reviewed a claim that HPV vaccines cause autoimmune and neurological diseases and found that it was unsupported. [See scientists’ feedback.] [...] The article claimed that side effects of HPV vaccination involve neurological and autoimmune disorders, including chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), but scientific evidence doesn’t support these conclusions.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2021-07-22): - Arnheim-Dahlstrom, L.; Pasternak, B.; Svanstrom, H.; Sparen, P.; Hviid, A. Autoimmune, neurological, and venous thromboembolic adverse events after immunisation of adolescent girls with quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in Denmark and Sweden: Cohort study. BMJ 2013, 347, f5906. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version] [...] - Jiang, H.; Shi, Y.; Zhang, X.; Pan, L.; Xie, Y.; Jiang, C.; Deng, M.; Ruan, B. Human papillomavirus vaccination and the risk of autoimmune disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine 2019, 37, 3031–3039. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [...] - Miranda, S.; Chaignot, C.; Collin, C.; Dray-Spira, R.; Weill, A.; Zureik, M. Human papillomavirus vaccination and risk of autoimmune diseases: A large cohort study of over 2 million young girls in France. Vaccine 2017, 35, 4761–4768. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2021-11-08): Serious side effects from Gardasil 9 aren’t common, but they can occur. Call your doctor right away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel life threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency. [...] Vaccine safety monitoring occurs with each vaccine that is released onto the market. There is a vaccine reporting system in place to collect information about any side effects that you may experience from a vaccine. This system is called Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) and is accessible to patients, pharmacists, and doctors. If you experience a side effect that you believe is from a vaccine, you should report it to VAERS through the website. [...] The most common side effects that can occur from a Gardasil 9 vaccine include pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site, headache, and fever. These side effects are very similar to side effects you may experience from other inactive vaccines.
Claim: HPV vaccines are ineffective and cause side effects including autoimmune and neurological disorders, based on VAERS reports (Brenda Baletti, 2023-11-30)
Evidence (2024-05-13): Gardasil Vaccine Side Effects Reported to VAERS [...] Another section of the package insert titled "Postmarketing Experience" lists a number of other Gardasil 9 side effects, while cautioning that "[b]ecause these events were reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not possible to reliably estimate their frequency or to establish a causal relationship to vaccine exposure." Those side effects include autoimmune diseases, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome (167 case reports in VAERS), hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylactic shock (368 VAERS case reports), and seizures (483 VAERS case reports). [...] HPV vaccines, including Gardasil, have been linked in case studies to a cluster of symptoms that are shared by several disorders not mentioned on the Gardasil package insert. These include postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), and fibromyalgia. The WHO database and the VAERS database contain hundreds of case reports of POTS and CRPS.