copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Tigri Area is a territory of Guyana (Tigri Area, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2015-10-22): The Netherlands could not have bequeathed to Suriname at that country’s independence on 25th November 1975 what it did not possess. Guyana is confident that the boundary between Guyana and Suriname was definitively established by 1936. There is an agreement as to what constitutes the territory of Guyana and what constitutes the territory of Suriname despite the fact that there is no formal treaty that encapsulates that agreement. Suriname, in the absence of a formal treaty, sought to seize Guyana’s territory. Its claim was based on an arbitrary, municipal, legislative resolution passed in October 1965 by which the Staten changed the name of Guyana’s New River to ‘Boven Corantijin’ or Upper Corentyne. The President of the Republic of Suriname told that country’s National Assembly last month that the New River Zone (Tigri) issue will be placed "back on the agenda." The meaning of that statement is unclear. Inter-state relations over the past 50 years have encountered testing times. The Suriname government in Operation Schoon Schip (Clean Sweep) in 1985 expelled over 5,000 Guyanese (and Haitian) workers, on the pretext of ‘national security’.
Claim: Tigri Area is a territory of Guyana (Tigri Area, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-05-13): The Coeroeni River is in South America, specifically around Southwest Suriname. Considered a large river, the Coeroeni River starts at the Tumuc-Humac Mountains, creating a drainage divide between Brazil, Suriname, and Pará, and continues flowing northward. The river is located downstream of the Kutari (or Koetari) River, a small tributary that sits in Southern Suriname. The area surrounding the Coeroeni River, alongside the Upper Corentyne and Kutari Rivers, makes up the Tigri Area, an area of political dispute between Suriname and Guyana. Its waters are sourced from Suriname's Kutari, Aramatau, and Sipaliwini Rivers. [...] The Coeroeni-Lucie area (which encompasses the Coeroeni River) is part of the Precambrian Guiana Shield, a geological formation in South America approximately 1.7 billion years old! The Guiana Shield is about 270 million hectares and includes other parts of Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Venezuela, and Suriname. This geological formation is significant, containing 18% and 20% of the world's tropical forests and freshwater. [...] The Coeroeni River, together with the Upper Corentyne River and the Kutari River, encompasses the area that comprises the Tigri Area, a "triangular" area of an ongoing dispute concerning territory boundaries between Guyana and Suriname. Also known as The New River Triangle, this conflict has separated both sister countries, putting them at odds.
Claim: Tigri Area is a territory of Guyana (Tigri Area, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-01-24): The area known in Suriname as the Tigri area is known in Guyana as the New River Triangle. Suriname claims the New River Triangle area, which encompasses a mass of land that is larger than the size of Jamaica. The eastern boundary where Guyana, Brazil and Suriname meet was clearly marked out since 1936. Surinames claim to the Corentyne River area remains a matter of contention since there has never been a treaty that clearly demarcated the boundary between the neighboring countries. Both Guyana and Suriname claimed the South East Berbice region. Suriname considers the area part of the Coeroenie area of District Sipaliwini, whereas the Guyanese consider it part of their East Berbice-Corentyne region. The New River Operation was an operation launched by the GDF in August 1969 to clear all encroachers from the New River area and to recapture the Tigri Airstrip. This operation was named "Operation Climax" and was executed with maximum precision. Through this operation the GDF managed to recapture the airstrip and clear the area of all encroachers without any lives being lost. The operation was basically bloodless. Due to the surprise attack at dawn on the encroachers by the GDF the encroachers ultimate decision was a hasty withdrawal, thus there were no deaths, only some POWs. This operation was one of the most successful ventures of the force.
Claim: Tigri Area is a territory of Guyana (Tigri Area, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-16): File:Suriname - Guyana Disputed Area - Camp Tigri Occupied Since 1969.jpg
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-21): The Courantyne River (/ˈkɜːrəntaɪn/ KUR-ən-tyne),[1] also known as Corentyne and Corantijn (Dutch: [ˌkoːrɑnˈtɛin] ), is a river in northern South America in Suriname and Guyana. It is the longest river in the country and creates the border between Suriname and the East Berbice-Corentyne region of Guyana. [...] Territorial dispute [edit]Between the upper reaches of the Courantyne, the Upper Courantyne, the Coeroeni and the Koetari rivers lay the controversial Tigri Area claimed by both Suriname and Guyana. The Guyanese–Surinamese border is the Guyanese river bank (the west bank of the river), Suriname regarded the left bank of the Courantyne as a border, but Guyana disputes this and viewed the center of the river as a frontier, based on the Thalweg Doctrine. This conflict, which has been fueled since the colonial era, was solved in 2007 by a verdict by the Hague Arbitration Court, which settles the border between Guyana and Suriname on the left bank of the river, and the river water body belonging to Suriname. The tribunal that defined the maritime boundary between Suriname and Guyana in 2007 confirmed Surinamese sovereignty over the full width of the entire Courantyne River.[5][6] Suriname has control over all ship traffic from the mouth of the Courantyne.
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1999-02-22): The Courantyne/Corentyne/Corantijn River is a river in northern South America in Suriname and Guyana. It is the longest river in the country and creates the border between Suriname and the East Berbice-Corentyne region of Guyana. Its tributaries include Kutari River, Coeroeni River, New River, and Zombie Creek. In Suriname; Kabalebo River, Lucie River, Sipaliwini River, Kutari River.
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-04-21): Map of the the lower reaches of the Berbice and Corantijn rivers [...] Exploration Map of the River Corentyne [...] Map from the Suriname River to the Corentyne River
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2015-10-01): Courantyne River between Guyana and Suriname It was taken while I was on a trip to Georgetown, Guyana for work. Decided to take a weekend tour up the Courantyne River and then into the rainforest on the Suriname side to see a waterfall hidden in the mountains there.
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-08-31): Suriname is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, French Guiana to the east, Brazil to the south, and Guyana on the western edges. As a result of colonial control, Suriname is embroiled in territorial disputes with both Guyana and French Guiana. The New River Triangle, a 6,000 square mile (15,600 square km) region in southern Guyana between two tributaries of the Courantyne River, is the focal point of the dispute with Guyana. Along with claiming the New River Triangle, Suriname also disputes its border with Guyana along the Courantyne. Suriname asserts control over the entire river and regards its west bank as the border, but Guyana asserts that the thalweg, or deepest channel of the river, is the border. Another lengthy border dispute between the two nations was resolved in 2007 by a United Nations international tribunal, and Suriname was given one-third of the disputed Caribbean Sea region. The 5,000 square mile (13,000 square km) region in French Guiana's southwest between the Itany and Marouini rivers is the area that is in dispute with that country. [...] Major rivers of Suriname pour into the Atlantic from the north. The Maroni, which forms part of the border with French Guiana, the Coppename, the Suriname, and the Courantyne, which is part of the border with Guyana, are among them. The most productive soils in Suriname are found in the flooded areas that have been reclaimed by diking and drainage (polders), which are mostly on the New Coastal Plain.
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-01): Courantyne River (Courantyne River) is a stream (class H - Hydrographic) in Suriname (general), Suriname (South America) with the region font code of Americas/Western Europe. It is located at an elevation of 149 meters above sea level. Courantyne River is also known as Coeroeni, Coeroeni Rivier, Corentyne River, Courantyne River, Koeroeni Rivier. [...] Courantyne River (Suriname (general)) 7 day forecast
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Suriname-Guyana Maritime and Territorial Disputes
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1998-07-20): Courantyne River river, South America verifiedCite [...] Courantyne River, river in northern South America, rising in the Akarai Mountains and flowing generally northward for 450 miles (700 km) to the Atlantic Ocean near Nieuw Nickerie, Suriname. It divides Suriname and Guyana. Guyana nationals have free navigation on the river but no fishing rights. Small oceangoing vessels drawing 14 feet (4.25 m) or less may ascend 45 miles (72 km) to the first rapids at Orealla. The Courantyne basin, however, remains largely undeveloped, much of it unexplored forest.
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-04-21): Also known as the Courantyne River, the Corantijn is a beautiful river situated in northern South America. The river is quite important in the region covering a length of 450 miles, which spans the countries of Suriname and Guyana. Along with its length, the Corantijn River is vital as it defines the border between one of Guyana’s eastern regions and Suriname. Due to this, the river is often in the news due to boundary disputes between the two countries. Moreover, the Corantijn is also home to a wide range of flora and fauna that are essential for local biodiversity. [...] While the Corantijn is quite an unassuming river at first glance, it holds immense political importance in South America. This is because the river has been a pivotal part of territorial disputes between Suriname and Guyana for many years. Both countries have had differing views on their land boundaries throughout the past few centuries which revolved around this river. While Guyana claimed the center of Corantijn as its boundary, Suriname contested this and claimed the left bank was the boundary. It wasn’t until 2007 that a verdict was finally reached in the Hague Arbitration Court. According to the verdict, Suriname would gain complete control over the entire Suriname River and its left bank would be the border between countries. Since then, disputes have decreased and Suriname controls all ship traffic along the Corantijn River.
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-10): Maritime dispute [edit]The maritime boundary has long been disputed between Guyana and Suriname as well, and led in 2000 to skirmishes between Guyanese oil explorers and Surinamese coast guards.[7] Guyana claimed a thalweg boundary of the Courantyne River (probably inspired by the 1962 Dutch position), and a 35° line from the true North, from the mouth of the river. Suriname claimed sovereignty over the full width of the Courantyne and a 10° dividing line. Eventually a five-member tribunal of the Permanent Court of Arbitration was convened under the rules set out in Annex VII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which in 2007 set out its own boundary that differed from both parties' claims. The maritime border was finally settled by international arbitration.[8] The tribunal did award sovereignty over the full width of the Courantyne to Suriname, and also awarded Suriname with a 10° territorial sea boundary 6 km (3 nmi) from the shore, according to the 1936 agreement.
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-01-21): The Courantyne River (/ˈkɜːrəntaɪn/ KUR-ən-tyne),[1] also known as Corentyne and Corantijn (Dutch: [ˌkoːrɑnˈtɛin] ), is a river in northern South America in Suriname and Guyana. It is the longest river in the country and creates the border between Suriname and the East Berbice-Corentyne region of Guyana. [...] Between the upper reaches of the Courantyne, the Upper Courantyne, the Coeroeni and the Koetari rivers lay the controversial Tigri Area claimed by both Suriname and Guyana. The Guyanese–Surinamese border is the Guyanese river bank (the west bank of the river), Suriname regarded the left bank of the Courantyne as a border, but Guyana disputes this and viewed the center of the river as a frontier, based on the Thalweg Doctrine. This conflict, which has been fueled since the colonial era, was solved in 2007 by a verdict by the Hague Arbitration Court, which settles the border between Guyana and Suriname on the left bank of the river, and the river water body belonging to Suriname. The tribunal that defined the maritime boundary between Suriname and Guyana in 2007 confirmed Surinamese sovereignty over the full width of the entire Courantyne River.[5][6] Suriname has control over all ship traffic from the mouth of the Courantyne.
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-10): Suriname is a country in the northeast of South America. This map of Suriname contains satellite imagery and an elevation map. It also shows cities, towns, highways, roads, lakes, rivers, and disputed areas. [...] The Wilhelmina Mountains run in a north-south direction and contain Julianatop. At 1,280 meters (4,199 ft), it is the highest peak in Suriname, located on the west-central. The Courantyne is the longest river in Suriname and marks its border with Guyana. Otherwise, Blommestein Lake covers close to 1% of Suriname and is its largest lake. [...] Courantyne Headwaters Disputed Area
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-08-08): Commewijne River: Flowing parallel to the Suriname River, the Commewijne River is another significant waterway in the country. It stretches about 80 km (50 mi) and runs through the districts of Commewijne and Paramaribo. The river is vital for transportation and is surrounded by rich agricultural lands. Marowijne River: Also known as the Maroni River, this river forms the eastern border between Suriname and French Guiana. It originates in the Tumuk Humak Mountains and flows for approximately 480 km (298 mi) before reaching the Atlantic Ocean. The river is essential for both countries, serving as a natural boundary and a significant transportation route. Corantijn River: Also known as the Courantyne River, this waterway forms the western border between Suriname and Guyana. It flows for about 724 km (450 mi) before emptying into the Atlantic Ocean. The river is historically significant, marking the former boundary between British Guiana (now Guyana) and Dutch Guiana (now Suriname).
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-16): In 1936, a Mixed Commission established by the British and Dutch government agreed to award the full width of the Corentyne River to Suriname, as per the 1799 agreement. The territorial sea boundary was deemed to prolongate 10° from Point No. 61, three nautical miles (5.6 km) from the shore. The New River Triangle, however, was completely awarded to Guyana. The treaty putting this agreement into law was never ratified, because of the outbreak of World War II.[4] The Dutch representative Conrad Carel Käyser signed an agreement with British and Brazilian representatives, placing the tri-point junction near the source of the Kutari River.[4] Desiring to put the border issue to a closure before British Guiana would gain independence, the British government restarted negotiations in 1961. The British position asserted "Dutch sovereignty over the Corentyne River, a 10° line dividing the territorial sea, and British control over the New River Triangle."[4] The Netherlands replied with a formal claim to the New River Triangle, but with an additional thalweg boundary in the Corentyne River (the latter position has never been repeated by any Surinamese government). No agreements were made and Guyana became independent with its borders unresolved.[4]
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2013-05-23): The country has a number of forests, mountains, jungles, and animal species in natural reserves such as the Kanuku Mountains and the Iwokrama Forest. Like its neighboring country, Suriname, it is a territory characterized by its rivers since it has almost an uncountable number of them. Among them is the Essequibo River, on the border with Venezuela, as well as the Courantyne River, on the border with Suriname, a river that has 70 km of navigable waters, connecting both Guyana and Suriname with maritime transportation. [...] Another attractive destination is Suriname, a country that also borders Guyana. If you travel from Georgetown to Paramaribo (capital of Suriname), you will have to board different types of transportation along the way. You will have to take a minivan from Georgetown to the ferry station that crosses the Courantyne River from Moisen Creek and takes you to the new ferry terminal on the Suriname side. From there you can take a shuttle to Paramaribo, about 3.5 hours away.
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-01-01): Suriname is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, by French Guiana to the east, by Brazil to the south, and by Guyana to the west. Suriname is involved in territorial disputes with both Guyana and French Guiana that are legacies of colonial rule. The dispute with Guyana centres on the New River Triangle, a 6,000-square-mile (15,600-square-km) area between two tributaries of the Courantyne River in southern Guyana. In addition to claiming the New River Triangle, Suriname also contests its border with Guyana along the Courantyne: Suriname claims sovereignty over the entire river and thus views its west bank as the border, while Guyana claims that the thalweg, or deepest channel of the river, is the boundary. In 2007 a United Nations international tribunal settled another long-standing boundary dispute between the two countries, in which Suriname was awarded one-third of a disputed area of the Caribbean Sea. The area in contention with French Guiana is the 5,000-square-mile (13,000-square-km) region between the Itany and Marouini rivers in the southwestern corner of French Guiana. [...] Suriname’s major rivers flow northward into the Atlantic. They include the Courantyne, which forms part of the boundary with Guyana; the Coppename; the Suriname; and the Maroni, which forms part of the border with French Guiana. Suriname’s most fertile soils occur in the inundated lands reclaimed by diking and drainage (polders), which are principally in the New Coastal Plain.
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-09-27): Administrative divisions 10 regions; Barima-Waini, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Demerara-Mahaica, East Berbice-Corentyne, Essequibo Islands-West Demerara, Mahaica-Berbice, Pomeroon-Supenaam, Potaro-Siparuni, Upper Demerara-Berbice, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo [...] Waterways 330 km (2012) (the Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo Rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km respectively) [...] Guyana-Suriname: Suriname claims a triangle of land between the New and Kutari/Koetari Rivers in a historic dispute over the headwaters of the Courantyne River
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2007-10-01): Deep in the jungles of Suriname, on a wild bend of the Courantyne River, Larry Dahlberg hooked a literal monster beneath his boat. "It hit like a freight train — WHAM! — and I pulled for all my life," said Dahlberg, the 57-year-old host of television's "The Hunt for Big Fish."
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-03-25): Yet, like rivers from other environments, these rivers flowing in cratonic areas may exhibit river terraces with rounded gravel, suggesting different hydrological regimes and climatic environments in the past [ 4, 5]. We present here a case study on the terraces of the Suriname River in the Guiana Shield in tropical South America, with a drainage basin wholly covered by tropical rainforest. It is known from palynological studies that the Guiana Shield has suffered periods of greater drought and lesser vegetation cover [ 6, 7]. The study of terraces in this environment, however, is hampered by several factors, including low uplift rates, deep sediment weathering, and a scarcity of datable material. [...] Figure 1). The first group consists of the border rivers Marowijne (East) and Courantyne (West), which have their sources in the border mountains with Brazil and drain almost 58% of the country. The second group has their origin in the high uplands in the middle of the country, and is represented by the Suriname and Coppename Rivers, which drain almost 24% of the country and debouch directly into the sea. The third group consists of the Commewijne, the Saramacca, and the Nickerie Rivers, that together drain approximately 16% of the country. The rivers of the last group bend westwards close to the coast to drain into the sea through the mouths of the second group, due to the westward migration of important mud banks along the coast [ 17, 18]. [...] The Suriname River valley has a total length of 480 km and has its sources in the highlands (
Claim: Courantyne River is a territory of Suriname (Courantyne River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-05): Suriname's claims to the New River Triangle are based primarily on possible prescription and colonial hinterland claims. In terms of the boundary river dispute, Suriname maintains a strong argument for sovereignty over the entire river based upon inheritance of historic title through uti possedetis . This title to the boundary river will affect the land boundary terminus and reward Suriname with a beneficial territorial sea immediately adjacent to the coast. [...] It is the northern extension of the Amazon River containing dense forests and snaking waterways. Large tracts of area have not been surveyed, nor has there been any long-term substantial inhabitation. The following section describes the geographical and maritime areas in dispute, estimated extent of natural resources contained, and current inhabitants.