copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-27): Disputed territories - Other languages There are multiple cases where there is dispute over exact boundary. Sometimes it escalates into outright wars (in which case border mapping is typically suspended, OSM is not making daily updates to borders as armies move ) but there are many cases where conflict is frozen and stable. Sometimes territory is occupied/controlled/administered for longer or shorter term by one country while another claims that area as its territory. [...] Given how incomplete the list is and how quickly thing can change (humanity!), it might really make more sense to just read Wikipedia:List of territorial disputes. The geolocation on articles can be clicked back to OSM.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-04): Mali Lošinj (Italian: Lussinpiccolo, Venetian: Lusinpicolo) is a town in the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, on the island of Lošinj-Lussino, in western Croatia. At the time of the 2021 census, there were 7,537 inhabitants, of whom 86% were Croats. The town of Mali Lošinj-Lussinpiccolo itself had an urban population of 5,561.[2] [...] The asteroid 10415 Mali Lošinj is named after this town.[3] [...] With the invention of the steam engine a stagnation in development ensued, and with the outbreak of the grapevine disease peronospora. Previously part of the Venetian Republic, Mali Lošinj-Lussinpiccolo passed under Austrian-Hungarian rule in 1797 with the Treaty of Campo Formio. The isle remained under Austrian-Hungarian rule until 1918. After World War I, under the provisions of the Treaty of Rapallo it was given to the Kingdom of Italy. In 1947, it was incorporated into Yugoslavia. Its incorporation into socialist Yugoslavia led to mass emigration of the autochthonous Italian population. After World War II there were only 2,200 residents left. In 1991, it became part of present-day Croatia.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-09-23): Mali Školj je nenaseljeni hrid u Malostonskom zaljevu oko kojeg se vodi granični spor između Hrvatske te Bosne i Hercegovine.[1] Uz Veliki Školj, jedan je od dva otoka u Jadranskom moru koji Bosna i Hercegovina smatra dijelom svoga teritorija. Privremeni režim granice na moru između Hrvatske i Bosne i Hercegovine utvrđen je 1999. godine. Neumski sporazum o privremenoj granici potpisali su Franjo Tuđman i Alija Izetbegović, a nikada nije ratificiran zbog izbijanja prijepora oko vlasništva nad ova dva otoka i vrha poluotoka Kleka.[2] Hrvatska osporava valjanost Neumskog sporazuma i smatra otok svojim teritorijem. Posljednji pokušaj ratifikacije sporazuma u Saboru pokrenula je 2012. godine tadašnja ministrica vanjskih i europskih poslova Vesna Pusić.[3][4]
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-04-19): Veliki Školj is uninhabited islet in the Bay of Mali Ston, located in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and with the nearby islet of Mali Školj makes the only two Bosnia and Herzegovina's islands in the Adriatic Sea.[1][2] The temporary regime of the sea border between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina was determined in 1999. The Neum Agreement on the temporary border was signed by Franjo Tuđman and Alija Izetbegović, and has not been ratified due to the emergence of the controversy surrounding the ownership of these two islands and the tip of the Klek peninsula. Croatia disputes the validity of the agreement and claims it as its own territory.[1] [...] - ^ Zoran Šagolj (9 July 2017). "Vlasnik spornih otoka u Malostonskom zaljevu: Mi jesmo Hrvati, ali Mali i Veliki školj pripadaju BiH. Dubrovačka republika to je područje prodala za svoju slobodu Turcima, a naši preci su ga kupili". slobodnadalmacija.hr (in Croatian). Slobodna Dalmacija. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-04-29): The recent news about the sale of the small Croatian island of Veliki Školj in the Malostonski Bay, as first reported by Morski HR, quickly spread across the world. [...] As Morski.hr reports today, some portals reported inaccurate information about the location of the island because they had confused it with another island of the same name. An interesting fact, there are 14 islands in Croatia which carry the name Veliki/Veli Školj. [...] 5. Veli Školj (Pelješac), an island in Malostonski Bay.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-02): Mali Školj je nenaseljeni hrid u Malostonskom zaljevu oko kojeg se vodi granični spor između Hrvatske te Bosne i Hercegovine.[1] Uz Veliki Školj, jedan je od dva otoka u Jadranskom moru koji Bosna i Hercegovina smatra dijelom svoga teritorija. [...] - ↑ Slobodna Dalmacija - Vlasnik spornih otoka u Malostonskom zaljevu: Mi jesmo Hrvati, ali Mali i Veliki školj pripadaju BiH. Dubrovačka republika to je područje prodala za svoju slobodu Turcima, a naši preci su ga kupili. slobodnadalmacija.hr. 9. srpnja 2017. Pristupljeno 2. srpnja 2024. [...] - ↑ Croatia and Bosnia still locked in a land dispute over 'two pebbles'. euronews (engleski). 23. rujna 2021. Pristupljeno 2. srpnja 2024.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-10): Croatia stated that the bridge is located exclusively within Croatian territory and Croatian territorial waters and that it is thus entitled under the international law of the sea to construct the bridge without requiring any consent from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Croatia also expressed commitment to fully respect the international rights enjoyed by other countries in the Pelješac peninsula, including the right of innocent passage enjoyed by all countries under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and the right of Bosnia and Herzegovina to have unrestricted access to the high seas. Croatia also stated that the expected height of the bridge of 55 metres (180 ft) would allow all current Bosnian shipping to use the existing navigational route to transit under the bridge, and that any ship taller than that which intended to dock at a port in Bosnia and Herzegovina could dock instead at the Croatian port of Ploče, in line with the 1995 Free Transit agreement. Link with border demarcation treaty ratification [edit]Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia agreed on a border demarcation treaty in 1998. The treaty was signed by the two former presidents, Alija Izetbegović and Franjo Tuđman, but it was never ratified by the respective parliaments and so it never entered into force. The agreement included a border between the two countries in the area of Pelješac which is slightly different from that shown on maps, since Croatia agreed to recognise the sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina over two small rock islands (Mali Školj and Veliki Školj) and the tip of the peninsula of Klek near Neum.[43]
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-09-07): In this regard, it can even be argued that the Republic of Croatia de facto abandoned the execution of this Agreement when its official authorities decided to embark on the building of a permanent construction at sea. This all supports the fact that the issue of delimitation and demarcation at sea, especially in the area of the Bay of Neum and the Mali Ston Bay, is still permanently undefined and unsettled and thus requires, in our opinion, a serious step towards opening an official dialogue with Zagreb with the involvement of EU institutions, since the Republic of Croatia is a member of the European Union. The second difficulty should be addressed together with the first. It would be especially important to define the sea boundary, regarding the tip of the Klek Peninsula and the uninhabited islets, Veliki and Mali Školj or, more precisely, the rocks in the Mali Ston Bay, which are part of a unique geomorphologic unit, together with the Klek Peninsula. [...] Therefore, it could be understood that there is a noticeable difference between the right to innocent passage of foreign ships through the territorial sea of a coastal state and the formation of a corridor with a special legal regime. The latter would most likely pass through Croatian territory, as it would be unrealistic to expect that the Republic of Croatia in the area of such a corridor remains without its territorial sovereignty and integrity.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-06-15): Situated in southeastern Europe, Croatia is one of the most sought-after destinations in the region. With a history dating back many centuries and a diverse culture, it is truly fascinating. Layer this on a gorgeous landscape and you have a land worth of exploration. [...] Neum (Bosnia and Herzegovina) - Klek (Croatia) - M2/R8 - Webcam: None - Popular nearby: Mali Školj Nature Preserve in Bosnia and Herzegovina is a coastal location great for water-based activities. [...] - Popular nearby: The historic city of Dubrovnik is a Croatian historic city. The beautiful Bosnian Dobrićevo Monastery overlooks Bileca Lake, not far from the borders of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. To reach Sarajevo from Dubrovnik, use the M20/M18.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2005-11-29): Mali Školj je otok u Hrvatskoj uz zapadnu (vanjsku) obalu poluotoka Kleka u Malostonskom zaljevu. Bosna i Hercegovina ga svojata temeljem katastarske krivotvorine. Privremeni režim granice na moru između Hrvatske i BiH, odnosno dviju općina u tim državama, obiju većinski naseljenih Hrvatima, određen je 1999. godine. Sporazum o privremenoj granici potpisali su Franjo Tuđman i Alija Izetbegović. Nikada nije ratificiran zbog prijepora. Razlog je što su Bosni i Hercegovini pripisani vrh poluotoka Kleka te Veliki i Mali Školj u Malostonskom zaljevu temeljem jedne katastarske krivotvorine iz 1974. godine. Velikim propustom takva granica stajala je u prijedlogu pregovaračkog tima RH. Bošnjačka strana drži se tog neratificiranog dokumenta, [1] koristeći se krivotvorinom kao osnovom za daljnje svojatanje hrvatskog pomorja i ometanje ikakva kopnenog spajanja teritorija RH kao Pelješkim mostom, a ohrabreni kompromitiranom arbitražom o Savudrijskoj vali. [2] [...] Nedovršeni članak Mali Školj koji govori o zemljopisu treba dopuniti. Dopunite ga prema pravilima uređivanja Hrvatske internetske enciklopedije.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-17): By car, the fastest route is the E65 toll highway where you will exit at Mali Prolog for the D425 and then the D8 towards Dubrovnik. You will no longer have to cross the border and drive through a section of Bosnia and Herzegovina, instead cross the newly built Pelješac bridge and continue along the D674 until you reach Ston. [...] Ston and Mali Ston are connected by a stretch of 3km-long fortifications that straddle the hillside between the two settlements. The walls were first constructed when the Republic of Dubrovnik took charge of Ston in 1333 in the hope that the defences would protect saltpans that were instrumental in the Republic’s growing fortunes. [...] Since opening their first restaurant in the 1980s, the Šare family has created a small gastronomic empire by expanding to three more sites in Dubrovnik, Zagreb, and Split. Their original restaurant is in Mali Ston, located in an old medieval castle beside the water. The family’s culinary credentials developed from a history of wine making and oyster farming and people flock from all over the Dubrovnik Riviera to sample their seafood dishes. While their black risotto is one of the best in the region, be sure to try their more unique black gnocchi with Adriatic scampi. It is also one of the few places in the country that you can sample a traditional Ston cake.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-09-23): To this day, both countries claim ownership over Mali Školj and Veliki Školj, and the tip of the Klek peninsula, which is found nearby. [...] The islands turned out not to be Majorca, after all. The smaller of the two, Mali Školj, resembles a pile of rocks and it becomes completely submerged when the tide rises. Veliki Školj is barely the size of two football pitches, Panjeta describes. [...] One of the two brothers who own the Mali Školj and Veliki Školj, Tihomir Putica, told Euronews that although he doesn’t mind the occasional curious explorer of his islands, he doesn’t care about the decades-long questions about which country they belong to.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2008-03-03): Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia agreed on a border demarcation treaty in 1998. The treaty was signed by the two former presidents, Alija Izetbegović and Franjo Tuđman, but it was never ratified by the respective parliaments so, therefore, it had never entered into force. The agreement foresees a definition of the two countries' territory, in the area of Pelješac which is slightly different from what is shown on maps, since Croatia agreed to recognise the sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina over two small rock islands (Mali Školj and Veliki Školj) and the tip of the peninsula of Klek near Neum. On 17 October 2007, the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina adopted an official position stating that "Bosnia and Herzegovina opposes the construction of the [Pelješac] Bridge until the issues related to the determination of the sea borderline between the two countries are resolved" and asking Croatia not to undertake any unilateral actions concerning the construction of the bridge. Bosnian MP Halid Genjac has stated that such official position has never been reverted and is thus still in force, while no official Bosnian body has given its express consent to the construction of the bridge. He argued that "the claims that Croatia is building a bridge on its territory are incorrect because the sea waters beneath the Pelješac Bridge are not and cannot be Croatian or internal waters, but international waters stretching from the territorial waters of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the open sea," Genjac argued.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2012-07-30): The Croatian government intends to submit to the parliamentary procedure the agreement from 1999, according to which Croatia cedes to Bosnia and Herzegovina the tip of the Klek peninsula and Veliki and Mali Školj, two small islands in the Maloston Bay. [...] Veliki and Mali Skolj in the Maloston and Neum bays should belong to Bosnia and Herzegovina, but Croatia must have the opportunity to connect its territory in an appropriate manner, Lagumdžija told "Dnevni avaz" about the talks on the subject, as reported by Croatian media. [...] Lagumdžija dismissed the possibility that BiH and Croatia would "trade" the Pelješki bridge in exchange for the Veliki and Mali Školj and the tip of the Kleka peninsula, stressing that "something like that might be appropriate for the market, but not for the relations between the two countries."
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-28): Most of those who have had the opportunity to visit Pakoštane have quickly developed an affection for it, and the natural beauty surrounding it was certainly one of the main reasons for it. Situated between the Adriatic Sea and the Vrana Lake, and surrounded by lush natural pine forests, it is abundant in natural beauty. The nearby islands of St. Justina, Veli Školj, Babuljaš, Žavinac Mali, and Žavinac Veli are just off the coast and are popular natural attractions in the Pakoštane area. Many visit them by kayak or SUP to spend an afternoon swimming and sunbathing. [...] Like most of the towns and villages in the Zadar region, Pakoštane has kept a lot of its authentic Mediterranean ambiance and charm. Like most of the towns in Dalmatia and the entire Croatian coast, its history dates back centuries and offers an authentic experience for all who choose to spend their family vacation in Croatia. Narrow streets in the old center reflect the rich history and unique ambiance of destinations on the Croatian coast. Many details and customs still reflect the characteristic lifestyle and traditions of Dalmatia, which provide a memorable atmosphere. Whether it's the small fishing boats in the harbor, or the old houses, many of which have been adapted for tourists looking for vacation accommodation on their holiday in Pakoštane, visitors are immersed in its beauty.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1995-04-05): There is an ancient shellfish culture tradition in this area. The first records of shellfish culture in the Bay of Mali Ston (Republic of Dubrovnik) and the River Krka estuary go back to as far as the fifteen and seventeen centuries (Lorini, 1903). From the beginning of thislastcentury there have been more than one hundred sites on the East Adriatic coast where fish and shellfish have been cultured. Shellfish production hads been stable during the past few decades,but was interrupted as most production sites were directly affected by the recent war activities. Limiting factors for a more rapid revitalization after the war are the lower domestic market demand, and European Union (EU) import restrictions. As shell fish production has always been considered as a family business, transitional changes had no significant effects. Today there are more than one hundred small family farms that have now started to organize themselves in the various associations. [...] In order to possess a licence a concession has to be obtained.The use of maritime resources requires a marine resource concession which is issued by the County for a period of up to 12 years, by the Government for period of up to 30 years, and by the Parliament for a period of over 30 years (Maritime Code). [...] Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Dubrovnik
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-08-08): Datoteka:Klek,Veliki i Mali školj.jpg Klek,Veliki_i_Mali_školj.jpg (300 × 266 piksela, veličina datoteke: 57 KB, MIME tip: image/jpeg)
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-12-05): Veza sa ratifikacijom sporazuma o demarkaciji granice [uredi | uredi izvor]Bosna i Hercegovina i Hrvatska dogovorile su sporazum o demarkaciji granice 1998. godine. Ugovor su potpisala dva bivša predsjednika Alija Izetbegović i Franjo Tuđman, ali ga parlamenti nikada nisu ratificirali, pa stoga nikada nije ni stupio na snagu. Sporazumom je predviđena definicija teritorija dviju država, na području Pelješca koje se malo razlikuje od onoga što je prikazano na kartama, budući da je Hrvatska pristala priznati suverenitet Bosne i Hercegovine nad dva nenaseljena ostrva (Mali Školj i Veliki Školj) i vrh poluotoka Klek kod Neuma.[29]
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-09): - Bosnia și Herțegovina: Mali Školj și Veliki Školj - Muntenegru: Sveti Stefan, Sveti Nikola, și grupul de insule mici în Golful Kotor: Mamula, Sveti Marko, Ostrvo Cvijeća ("Insula florilor"), precum și Gospa od Škrpjela și Sveti Đorđe, Perast - Albania: Sazan înainte de peninsula Karaburun lângă strâmtoarea Otranto - Italia: Isole Tremiti, la nord de peninsula Gargano
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-09-07): The second difficulty should be addressed together with the first. It would be especially important to define the sea boundary, regarding the tip of the Klek Peninsula and the uninhabited islets, Veliki and Mali Školj or, more precisely, the rocks in the Mali Ston Bay, which are part of a unique geomorphologic unit, together with the Klek Peninsula. If we draw the line of equidistance for purposes of delimitation of two states whose shores in one bay lie or are opposite to one another (the Peninsula of Klek and Pelješac), which is in accordance with the international law of the sea, as well as Article 4 (3) of the bilateral Agreement which, inter alia, prescribes that border at the sea stretches "the median line of the sea area between the land of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Croatia", it could be claimed that the disputed area would belong to Bosnia and Herzegovina. Closely connected to this, the question of Bosnia-Herzegovina’s access to the High Seas or international waters of the Adriatic Sea and other world seas should be addressed, where no country in the world has territorial sovereignty, nor does it exercise any sovereign rights.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-11): After the Badinter Commission Yugoslavia was decided to enter "in process of the dissolution", the first boundary agreement between successor states has been achieved. The Treaty on the State Border between Republic of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina was signed by the Croatian President, Franjo Tuđman and Alija Izetbegović, who was the member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1999. The agreement was signed on 30 July 1999 in Sarajevo. The state border between the countries is determined according to the borders at the end of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1991. The sea border in the area of Neum and Klek peninsula is delimitated by way of an equidistance line. (see figure 1 below). Article 4 of the treaty states that the State border on the sea stretches along the central line of the sea between the territories of the Republic of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina in accordance with the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.[12] It is important to consider that both small islands near the Klek peninsula which are Mali Školj and Veliki Školj are given to BiH as well since they are so close to Klek peninsula.
Claim: Mali Školj is a territory of Croatia (Mali Školj, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-13): However, it is the peak of the season, and all the popular navigation routes are crowded, but we are ready to reveal their secrets and suggest hidden coves on the beautiful south route! Nevertheless, we are taking you to this memorable Dubrovnik luxury yachting experience taking into consideration the usual summer weather conditions. These imply daily mistral blowing from the sea and nightly burin blowing from the land. [...] Ten miles separate you from the east side of Mljet island, and according to many, from one of the most beautiful places around, Podškolj bay. If you are lucky and a peaceful night is expected, anchor your sailboat in the 3 meters deep water between Mali and Veliki Školj, and the east coast of Mljet island. Alternatively, moor your boat to one of the buoys of the ‘Stermasi’ restaurant. This restaurant is situated on a nearby hill and we highly recommend it. The food and service are excellent, but the view from the lovely terrace is spectacular. [...] With the first sunbeams swim to Školj, and dive into the kingdom of colours and wildlife. Sail around the east cape of Mljet island, leave the too shallow Limuni bay at port, and anchor in a nearby Saplunara. There you will find a long sandy beach, the popular Hippocampus Beach Bar and a small grocery shop.