copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Bhutan (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-07-19): With historically tense diplomatic ties, Bhutan’s border with Tibet has never been officially recognised. In 1959, in A Brief History of China, China released a map that portrayed numerous territories of Bhutan as a part of China under the five finger plan. Later in the year, the annexation of Tibet by the People’s Republic of China began. During this process, The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) also captured several territories under the Bhutan region. These included regions of Gartok, Darchen, and several other monasteries that had been under the Bhutanese administration for more than 300 years. [...] While the border tensions and issues have long continued, Chinese claim over the Sakteng valley is a new amendment to the long list. But out of all the disputed territory between the Sino-Bhutan authorities, the Sakteng valley constitutes to be the single largest of them all, comprising 11% of the region under the Bhutanese administration. Some believe that this claim is a threat to India, pertaining to the current Sino-Indian tensions in the Ladakh region. The Sakteng valley borders the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh, which is claimed in its entirety by the Chinese Government. Others also believe that this claim is targeted as a threat to Bhutan to tip the scale on other disputed land areas including Doklam in favour of China in the 25th round of border talks long after the 2017 standoff. It remains to be seen what happens in the future.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Bhutan (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-06): The 1959 Tibetan Rebellion and the 14th Dalai Lama's arrival in neighbouring India made the security of Bhutan's border with China a necessity for Bhutan. An estimated 6,000 Tibetans fled to Bhutan and were granted asylum, although Bhutan subsequently closed its border to China, fearing more refugees to come.[5][11] In July 1959, along with the occupation of Tibet, the Chinese People's Liberation Army occupied several Bhutanese exclaves in western Tibet which were under Bhutanese administration for more than 300 years and had been given to Bhutan by Ngawang Namgyal in the 17th century.[8] These included Darchen, Labrang Monastery, Gartok and several smaller monasteries and villages near Mount Kailas.[12][13][14][15] A Chinese map published in 1961 showed China claiming territories in Bhutan, Nepal and the Kingdom of Sikkim (now a state of India).[5] Incursions by Chinese soldiers and Tibetan herdsmen also provoked tensions in Bhutan. Imposing a cross-border trade embargo and closing the border, Bhutan established extensive military ties with India.[5][9]
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Bhutan (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-11): Since 1846, the Maharajas of Jammu & Kashmir also followed the obligations of the 1684 treaty and collected tax from Menser villagers. For over 300 years, the enclaves of Menser and Darchen-Labrang served as key outposts for India and Bhutan for defence and trade and for pilgrims visiting Mount Kailash. Both countries exercised full administrative jurisdiction and collected annual tributes from their respective enclaves until the 1960s. [...] Arpi says Nehru’s instructions to Indian negotiators on the Panchsheel accord signed in Beijing were as follows: ‘Regarding the village of Minsar in Western Tibet, which has belonged to the Kashmir State, it is clear that we shall have to give it up, if this question is raised. We need not raise it. If it is raised, we should say that we recognise the strength of the Chinese contention and we are prepared to consider it and recommend it.’ At the same time, however, Nehru added, ‘We should not come to a final agreement without gaining the formal assent of the Kashmir government.’ Clearly, the Bhutanese enclaves of Darchen-Labrang in Tibet also met with the same fate.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Bhutan (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-07-17): The Indian Prime Minister tells the Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai: "It is not clear to us what exactly is the implication of your statement that the boundaries of Sikkim and Bhutan do not fall within the scope of the present discussion. In fact, Chinese maps show sizeable areas of Bhutan as part of Tibet." [...] But more interestingly, the Report mentions several Bhutanese enclaves in Tibet, it notes: "Chinese officials have illegally dispossessed the designated authorities of the Government of Bhutan in the following eight villages situated in western Tibet over which Bhutan has been exercising administrative jurisdiction for more than 300 years: Khangri, Tarchen, Tsekhor, Diraphu, Dzung Tuphu, Jangehe, Chakip and Kocha." [...] A scholar, John Bray, who is President of the International Association of Ladakh Studies, wrote a fascinating research paper on the ‘Bhutanese enclaves’ in Tibet. He explained that until the 1950s "both Ladakh and Bhutan governed small enclaves of territory in Western Tibet. Ladakh’s enclave consisted of the village of Minsar, near lake Manasarovar, and its surrounding land, while Bhutan governed the Darchen Labrang and several smaller monasteries and villages near Mount Kailash …and Bhutan continued to raise revenue there for some 300 years."."
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Bhutan (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-11-30): The Doklam Plateau is strategically significant as it is proximate to the Siliguri corridor – the narrow bridge to India’s northeast. Occupation of Doklam Plateau by PLA will turn the flanks of Indian defences in Sikkim and endanger the Siliguri corridor. In its over 25 rounds of boundary talks with Bhutan, China has been offering land to Bhutan in the north in exchange of giving up the Doklam Plateau, even as Chinese claims in the central sector with Bhutan kept extending as the talks progressed. In any case as China illegally occupies Aksai Chin and enclaves of Minsar (Men ser) near Lake Mansarovar, used by Indian pilgrims of all communities to Visit Mount Kailash, it is also in illegal occupation of Bhutanese enclave of Tconsists of Darchen (Dar chen) and Labrang etc again used by Bhutan and Indian nationals for periodic pilgrimages. China’s ‘Legal Warfare’ is about ‘manufacturing history’ to support its illegal territorial claims. As such in 2012 China presented had presented to Bhutan what it claimed to be 'evidence', asserting its ownership of disputed tracts of land and after negotiations an interim agreement had been reached.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Bhutan (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-18): India Sikkim Bhutan Map/Bhutan and Sikkim Map (Simple click to enlarge the map) [...] Bhutan Border - Indian State Sikkim [...] Sikkim is a multiethnic and multilingual state in the northeast of India and it borders Tibet Autonomous Region of China in the north, Bhutan in the east, Nepal in the west and India state of West Bengal in the south. With the second smallest but the least populated state among the Indian states, Sikkim is notable for its biodiversity and about 35% of the state is covered by the Khangchendzonga National Park.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-09): Kangsa Village (Tibetan: གངས་ས་གྲོང་ཚོ།), poetically known as Darchen, Tarchan or Taqin (Tibetan: དར་ཆེན, ZYPY: Tarqên, simplified Chinese: 塔钦; traditional Chinese: 塔欽; pinyin: tǎqīn), is a former Bhutanese enclave,[1] currently held by the People's Republic of China and the seat of the Parga Township, Purang County, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. Thus, it is commonly referred as Parga although there is another smaller settlement formally named Parga after which the Parga Township was named, located on the east of this settlement. It was also previously known as Lhara and still signposted as such. It was previously an important sheep station for nomads and their flocks and had only two permanent buildings; only one of which survived the Cultural Revolution and is now used to house Tibetan pilgrims.[2] Darchen is situated right in front of the sacred mountain, Mount Kailash. Its altitude is 4,670m (15,321 feet) and it is the starting and ending point for the parikrama/kora of Mount Kailash.[3] [...] History [edit]Darchen was once an enclave of Bhutan, held for almost 300 years and from where Bhutan raised revenue, until the People's Republic of China annexed it in 1959.[1][9]
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-06): Darchen, a lonely village at the foot of Kailash At the foot of Mt. Kailash, there is a lonely village, Darchen which is just situated right in front of the Sacred Mount Kailash and 330km to the southeast of Shiquanhe. Its altitude is 4,575 metres (15,010 ft). Every year, thousands of travelers, pilgrims and photographers come from all over the world to visit the holiest mountain in Tibet and stay at this small village, making the village an international town. [...] Related Articles & Posts 0 Comment ON "Darchen, a lonely village at the foot of Kailash"
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-17): Territorial changes of the People's Republic of China The territory of the People's Republic of China (PRC) has frequently been revised since its formation on 1 October 1949. [...] - 3 September 1954, The People's Republic of China annexed the Yijiangshan Islands and Dachen Islands from the Republic of China during the First Taiwan Strait Crisis (Battle of Yijiangshan) even as the U.S. Seventh Fleet was patrolling nearby.[4]
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-26): The territory of China lies between latitudes 18° and 54° N, and longitudes 73° and 135° E. China's landscapes vary significantly across its vast width. In the east, along the shores of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea, there are extensive and densely populated alluvial plains, while on the edges of the Inner Mongolian plateau in the north, broad grasslands predominate. Southern China is dominated by hills and low mountain ranges, while the central-east hosts the deltas of China's two major rivers, the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. Other major rivers include the Xi, Mekong, Brahmaputra and Amur. To the west sit major mountain ranges, most notably the Himalayas. High plateaus feature among the more arid landscapes of the north, such as the Taklamakan and the Gobi Desert. The world's highest point, Mount Everest (8,848m), lies on the Sino-Nepalese border. The country's lowest point, and the world's third-lowest, is the dried lake bed of Ayding Lake (−154m) in the Turpan Depression.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-05-08): Are there any good hotels at Darchen, the foot of Mt. Kailash? What hotel at Darchen can be better for our Kailash tour? How can I book the hotel there? These are common questions that many foreign travelers to Tibet Kailash ask in the past. Here lets local China Travel Guide (Tibet booking center) present you with the only 4 star hotel on your Tibet pilgrimage journey to Mt. Kailash and Lake Manasarovar. This is the famous Himalaya Kailash Hotel. Himalaya Kailash Hotel – the only 4 star accommodation at Darchen
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): - Province-like, which is the municipality of Chongqing, a merger of 4 former prefectures and similar to the former Eastern-Sichuan province. [...] 【街道办事处】 jiēdào bànshìchù 市辖区、不设区的市的人民政府派出机关。 在上一级政府领导下，负责本辖区内的社区服务、经济发展、社会治安等工作。 - ^ 中国的行政区划——省级行政单位. Government of the People's Republic of China. 2009-04-17. Archived from the original on 2015-07-15. Retrieved 2015-09-07. - ^ 中华人民共和国行政区划 [Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China], 15 June 2005, archived from the original on 2010-07-23, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Chapter II : Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Article 12, archived from the original on 2010-07-29, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Chapter II Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Macau Special Administrative Region, Article 12, archived from the original on 5 February 2012, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ "Hudong Wiki" (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2010-09-06. Retrieved 2010-09-04.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-07-20): The People’s Republic of China has two distinct territories known as Special Administrative Regions (SARs). These territories are known as Hong Kong and Macau. Both are located along the coast of southern China. In fact, they are just 60 km from each other. Hong Kong is located on the eastern side of the Pearl River Estuary, while Macau is on the western side of it. Both Hong Kong and Macau were formerly European colonies that were returned to Chinese sovereignty. Both SARs also have a certain degree of economic and political autonomy, as opposed to other provinces and autonomous regions of China. Hong Kong is larger and much more populous than Macau. It is also one of the most important centers of economic activity in the world. For its part, Macau does not boast the same level of economic importance as Hong Kong, though it is a popular tourist destination, as well as a mecca for gambling.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2010-07-01): Kangsa Village (Tibetan: གངས་ས་གྲོང་ཚོ།), poetically known as Darchen, Tarchan or Taqin (Tibetan: དར་ཆེན, ZYPY: Tarqên, simplified Chinese: 塔钦; traditional Chinese: 塔欽; pinyin: tǎqīn), is a former Bhutanese enclave,[1] currently held by the People's Republic of China and the seat of the Parga Township, Purang County, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. Thus, it is commonly referred as Parga although there is another smaller settlement formally named Parga after which the Parga Township was named, located on the east of this settlement. It was also previously known as Lhara and still signposted as such. It was previously an important sheep station for nomads and their flocks and had only two permanent buildings; only one of which survived the Cultural Revolution and is now used to house Tibetan pilgrims.[2] Darchen is situated right in front of the sacred mountain, Mount Kailash. Its altitude is 4,670m (15,321 feet) and it is the starting and ending point for the parikrama/kora of Mount Kailash.[3] [...] Darchen was once an enclave of Bhutan, held for almost 300 years and from where Bhutan raised revenue, until the People's Republic of China annexed it in 1959.[1][9]
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-02-11): Along with Taiwan, this is perhaps the most well-known of China’s territorial disputes.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Darchen, Tarchan, or Taqin(塔钦) is a small village in Purang County of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Darchen is situated right in front of the sacred mountain, Mount Kailash. Its altitude is 4,575 meters and is the starting point for pilgrimages in the region. [...] Darchen is a completely Tibetan town though there are now more and more Chinese settling down opening hotels and restaurants. It contains a couple of restaurants and hotels or guesthouses. Mountain Horse Kee Restaurant by the main road is favored by travelers for its bright environment and its attention to health. There are several good accommodations for travelers to choose, such as Kailash Hotel, Mount Kailash Hotel, Gangdise Guesthouse, Zhusu Guesthouse next door and Gandise Hotel where Public Security Bureau PSB officers are stationed from spring until October, and where pilgrims must get their travel permit stamped, and buy a "ticket" if they wish to circumambulate Mt. Kailash.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-01-01): Darchen (also Tarchan or Taqin) is a small town in Purang County of Tibet Autonomous Region. It is situated right in front of the sacred mountain, Mount Kailash, and 330km to the southeast of Shiquanhe. Darchen (also Tarchan or Taqin) is a small town in Purang County of Tibet Autonomous Region. It is situated right in front of the sacred mountain, Mount Kailash, and 330km to the southeast of Shiquanhe. Its altitude is 4,575 metres (15,010 ft) and it is the starting point of Kailash Kora. It is also the only town and base for visiting both Mount Kailash and Lake Manasarovar. Darchen was previously known as Lhara and still signposted as such. It was previously an important sheep station for nomads and their flocks and had only two permanent buildings; only one of which survived the Cultural Revolution and is now used to house Tibetan pilgrims. Darchen is a completely Tibetan town though there are now more and more Chinese settling down opening hotels and restaurants. It contains a couple of restaurants and hotels or guesthouses. Mountain Horse Kee Restaurant by the main road is favored by travelers for its bright the environment and its attention to health.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-26): Darchen is a small town, but it is an important gateway to Mount Kailash. Although you cannot see the majestic Kailash from Darchen (only a part of its peak), the town is a starting point of the pilgrimage around the mountain. For a long time, Darchen was a small settlement with mostly nomads passing by this area. Don’t be surprised to see many domestic animals walking the streets of Darchen. [...] Since Darchen is located in the Western part of Tibet, the rules of visiting Darchen you need to comply with the requirements of visiting Tibet.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-21): Darchen is a small village with an altitude of about 4,700 meters, in the south of Kailash monutain, is where the starting point of the Kailash Cora. It is only a one-day bus drive approxiamtely 340 kilometers from Ali (Shiquanhe) the capital town of Ngari prefecture. Darchen is also called as "Tarchen" in Tibetan, Or "Taqin" in chinese Pingyin. [...] Recommended Hotels in Darchen
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-08-07): If you look at Darchen on Google maps satellite view, it appears to be little more than a collection of buildings in a small village in western Tibet. However, this small village is one of the most important places for both Buddhist and Hindu pilgrims, as it lies at the gateway to the holiest site in the world for both religions. Sitting at the side of the G219 National Road in Burang County of Ngari Prefecture of Western Tibet, Darchen is the place all pilgrims pass through on their way to the sacred Mount Kailash, also known in Tibet as Gang Rinpoche, Kangrinboqê, or Mount Kailasa. This holy mountain, which is said to be the home of the gods for four separate religions, is the most sacred and spiritual natural site in Tibet and is visited by hundreds of thousands of pilgrims and tourists every year. [...] Interestingly, while it is hundreds of kilometers from the Bhutanese border, Darchen was once an exclave of that kingdom, a small territory of the Land of the Thunder Dragon in Tibet, which they held for more than 300 years until 1959.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1999-02-22): Kangsa Village (Tibetan: གངས་ས་གྲོང་ཚོ།), poetically known as Darchen, Tarchan or Taqin (Tibetan: དར་ཆེན, ZYPY: Tarqên, simplified Chinese: 塔钦; traditional Chinese: 塔欽; pinyin: tǎqīn), is a former Bhutanese enclave, currently held by the People's Republic of China and the seat of the , Purang County, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. Thus, it is commonly referred as Parga although there is another smaller settlement formally named after which the Parga Township was named, located on the east of this settlement. It was also previously known as Lhara and still signposted as such. It was previously an important sheep station for nomads and their flocks and had only two permanent buildings; only one of which survived the Cultural Revolution and is now used to house Tibetan pilgrims.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-02-16): The Treaty also confirmed the delimitation of the Tibet-Ladakh boundary at Demchok. Successive Maharajas of Kashmir continued to abide by these treaty obligations and collected taxes from Menser villages from 1846 until the early 1960s. Similarly, Bhutan also enjoyed legal rights over the Darchen-Labrang enclave consisting of a series of monasteries near Mount Kailash and Gartok. [...] Clearly, the Bhutanese enclaves of Darchen-Labrang in Tibet also met with the same fate under Nehru’s instructions. [...] To recall, in 2015, China had insisted upon opening the Nathu La instead of Demchok as an alternate pilgrimage route to Manasarovar. Beijing had ostensibly done this to put to rest any future discussion on Menser and Darchen-Labrang enclaves located near Mount Kailash knowing very well that those places hold great spiritual, emotional and political significance to Indian and Bhutanese pilgrims.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-12): Day 05: Driving from Mansarovar to Darchen [4,564 meters/ 14,975 feet] [...] This is the first day of your Kailash Kora journey. During the first part of the day, you will drive from Mansarovar to Darchen, which will take about an hour [35 km/ 21 miles]. Then, you will head toward the Yama Dwar [8 km/ 4.9 miles], the starting point of Kailash Kora. [...] This is the final day’s adventure in your Kailash Kora journey. After completing your circumnavigating journey, you will begin your trek toward Darchen from Zuthul Puk. It is a short day’s descending journey, and you will complete the trekking part in about 3 hours (8 km/ 4.9 miles).
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-11-02): Day 7: Saga - Darchen [...] Day 13: Darchen - Saga [...] Upon arrival in Darchen, the little town at the foot of Mount Kailash, settle into your hotel.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-06-02): Day 08:Darchen – Dirapuk. [...] Day 10:Zutulpuk – Darchen – Horfe. [...] Explore Lake Manasorovar in the morning and drive to Darchen which is 1 hour drive and, 4,560 m in elevation and over night in camp / G house.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-07-06): In the same year, the Tengdro community constructed an open-air statue of the 8th century Buddhist saint Guru Rinpoche, known as Padmasambhava in Sanskrit, and his two consorts. The statue overlooks the valley from a prominent position on the mountainside near the monastery. The erection of religious statues is illegal without prior government permission and a partially constructed giant statue of Guru Rinpoche in the same form—known as "overwhelming the conditioned world with splendor"—was demolished by officials at the Samye monastery, Lhokha municipality, TAR, in May 2007.[5] A similar statue in Darchen, Ngari prefecture, TAR, was removed by officials in September that year.[6] However, local government officials carried out inspections of the statue at Tengdro prior to the 2019 raid and, according to sources interviewed by Human Rights Watch, had given approval for the construction of the statue.
Claim: Darchen is a territory of Republic of China (Darchen, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-04): - Kathmandu - Dhunche - Rasuwagadhi - Kerung - Saga - Lake Mansarovar - Darchen - Mount Kailash 2. Tatopani-Kodari, Nepal [...] - Kathmandu - Dhulikhel - Kodari - Zhangmu - Nyalam - Lake Mansarovar - Darchen - Mount Kailash [...] - Kathmandu - Simikot - Dharapori - Kermi - Hilsa - Garuda Valley - Kailash Kora - Darchen - Mansarovar - Saga - Lhasa 4. Darchula-Lipulekh road, India