copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2022-12-09): - Provide official recognition of the status of the Irish language - Establish the office of an Irish language commissioner and an Ulster Scots commissioner - Repeal the Penal Law-era Administration of Justice (Language) Act 1737 which forbade the use of Irish in the courts. [...] Legislative protections for the Irish language in Northern Ireland were a key plank of the New Decade, New Approach agreement that restored powersharing in January 2020 after a three-year stalemate. [...] The DUP are democracy dinosaurs and need a kick up their backsides. But don’t think for one moment the Tories are doing this because they love the Gaelic language or have a soft spot for Sinn Fein . Yes, Irish now has official status in Northern Ireland but this doesn’t mean it’s regarded as equal to English in Northern Ireland or the rest of the UK. Try speaking Gaelic or Cymraeg in the House of Commons. See how far you get before being manhandled out of the Palace of Westminster.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2022-12-07): Legislation providing for official recognition of the Irish language in Northern Ireland for the first time has received royal assent. The Identity and Language (Northern Ireland) Bill grants official status to the Irish language as part of a package of measures to promote and respect Northern Ireland’s diverse national, cultural and linguistic identities. [...] It also includes a provision repealing the Administration of Justice (Language) Act (Ireland) 1737, which is still in force in Northern Ireland and provides that all court proceedings "shall be in the English tongue and language".
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2022-10-26): The legislation will give the Irish language official status, allow the use of Irish in courts and see the appointment of Irish and Ulster Scots/Ulster British commissioners., external [...] Campaign group Conradh na Gaeilge welcomed the legislation's passage but called on Northern Ireland Secretary Chris Heaton-Harris to appoint an Irish language commissioner immediately. [...] Also speaking in the Commons chamber, SDLP leader Colum Eastwood said he was "sorrowful" the law was not passed at Stormont but that it was an "important step on the way to recognising that the Irish language is a key part of the identity of many people in our community".
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2014-12-17): Why is Irish language divisive issue in Northern Ireland? There has been renewed political focus on the Irish language and its use in the Stormont assembly following controversial "curry my yoghurt" comments by the DUP's Gregory Campbell. [...] This year's nursery class at Beann Mhadagáin primary school in west Belfast contains some of the 5,000 or so children in Northern Ireland now educated entirely in Irish.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2024-09-26): The Irish language (Irish: Gaeilge) is, since 2022, an official[1] language in Northern Ireland. The main dialect spoken there is Ulster Irish (Gaeilge or Gaeilg Uladh). Protection for the Irish language in Northern Ireland stems largely from the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.[2] [...] The British government in 2001 ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. Irish (in respect only of Northern Ireland) was specified under Part III of the Charter, thus giving it a degree of protection and status comparable to the Scottish Gaelic in Scotland. This included a range of specific undertakings in relation to education, translation of statutes, interaction with public authorities, the use of placenames, media access, support for cultural activities and other matters (a lower level of recognition was accorded to the Ulster variant of Scots, under Part II of the Charter). Compliance with State obligations is assessed periodically by a Committee of Experts of the Council of Europe.[26] [...] Political aspects [edit]The Irish language in Northern Ireland has long been associated with identity. Prior to the turn of the 20th century, the Irish language was embraced by both sides of the community, although in decline. But the partition of Ireland in 1921 was a turning point in attitudes towards the language. Nationalists in Northern Ireland who felt that they had been abandoned by their southern counterparts[weasel words] felt that the Irish language was a significant marker of identity they now needed as a minority group.[39][40]
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2022-11-02): Brian Ó Conchubhair, associate professor of Irish language and literature at the University of Notre Dame, described the Irish language’s difficult position in Northern Ireland in a recent essay – Politics of Language in a (Dis)United Ireland – in the journal Irish Studies in International Affairs. "After partition, reciprocal animosity grew. The Free State stressed Irish at every opportunity. In Northern Ireland, those in power viewed and used English as a ‘tool of cultural triumphalism’. As the Free State promoted and privileged Irish, Stormont penalised and punished it. Northern Ireland’s first education minister removed Irish from the curriculum, while unionist MP William Grant allegedly stated that the ‘only people interested in this language are the avowed enemies of Northern Ireland’," he wrote. [...] Conradh na Gaeilge sees the Identity and Language (Northern Ireland) Act as a critical part of their battle to combat hostile tendencies because it would introduce measures that would allow the use of Irish in the courts and ensure people could access public services through Irish.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2024-01-16): The Irish language has been spoken during legal proceedings in Belfast’s Royal Courts of Justice in what language experts say was the first time in nearly 300 years. [...] It is believed to be the first time witnesses have officially used Irish in courts in Belfast since it was banned under the Administration of Justice (Language) Act (Ireland) 1737. The Identity and Language (Northern Ireland) Act 2022 provides for the repeal of the ban but it has not yet been commenced by the Northern Ireland Secretary Chris Heaton-Harris.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2024-01-17): THE Irish language was spoken during legal proceedings in Belfast’s Royal Courts of Justice this week in what language experts say was the first time in almost 300 years. [...] It is believed to be the first time witnesses have officially used Irish in courts in Belfast since it was banned under the Administration of Justice (Language) Act (Ireland) 1737. The Identity and Language (Northern Ireland) Act 2022 provides for the repeal of the ban, but it has not yet been commenced by the Northern Ireland secretary.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2017-01-16): NI: Ban on Irish language in courts to be challenged Northern Ireland’s Finance Minister Máirtín Ó Muilleoir has announced plans to challenge laws preventing the use of the Irish language in Northern Ireland courts. [...] Under the provisions of the Act, court proceedings in Northern Ireland must be carried out in English.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2016-12-16): O Muilleoir wants to end 279-year-old ban on Irish in courts in Northern Ireland Finance Minister Mairtin O Muilleoir has called for the overturning of a centuries-old ban on the use of the Irish language in the courts. A British penal law enacted in 1737 that requires court proceedings to be in English remains in force in Northern Ireland.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2023-11-17): The Act gives the Irish language official status in Northern Ireland for the first time. It will allow for the use of the Irish language in the courts, repealing the 1737 Act of Justice which had outlawed this. It also provides for the development of both the Irish language and Ulster Scots and their respective cultures and traditions. An important element of this is appointment of an Irish language commissioner and an Ulster Scots commissioner, as well as the establishment of an Office of Identity and Cultural Expression. The objectives of these commissioners and the Office will be to guide public bodies in their implementation of the languages and to monitor the provision of services to minority language users. The Office will also seek to, ‘promote social cohesion and reconciliation between those with different national and cultural identities’ (Article 78H(b) of the Act).
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2022-12-07): Legislation negotiated by the Irish and British governments two years ago has received Royal Assent and will officially become law, giving official status to the Irish language for the first time in Northern Ireland. [...] The legislation includes a commitment to establish the office of an Irish language commissioner and an Ulster Scots commissioner, to provide official recognition of the status of the Irish language and to repeal the Penal Law-era Administration of Justice (Language) Act 1737 which forbade the use of Irish in the courts. [...] Conchúr Ó Muadaigh, who spoke at the Belfast rally and is advocacy manager with Conradh na Gaeilge, said "From today on, the Irish language will exist in law for the first time in a state which historically discriminated against the language and marginalised it’s community of speakers.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2021-06-17): The "cultural package" including Irish language laws have been at the heart of the Stormont stand-off and seemingly the row within the DUP. [...] NDNA also commits to the repeal of an act dating from 1737, which bans the use of Irish in courts. That will enable Irish to be used in court, and births, deaths and marriages to be registered in Irish.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2022-03-23): At present other languages can be used in courts it is only Irish that is banned. This ban was part of the penal laws. Removing the ban will be a symbol of a new respect for a language which was once spoken by the majority of people here. [...] The "ban" that Ervine refers to is as a result of the the Administration of Justice (Language) Act (Ireland) 1737, which in practice means that "all court proceedings in Northern Ireland, including any documentation relating to those proceedings, must be in English, except where an individual does not speak or understand English". [...] Therefore, it is not only the Irish language that is "banned" in courts, as stated by Ervine, but rather all languages other than English, though interpretation and translation services will be provided in cases where English is not spoken or understood by the individual concerned.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2018-10-11): Yet the use of Welsh, the indigenous language of Wales, is legal in Welsh Courts whilst the use of Irish, the indigenous language of Ireland, is illegal in the courts of Northern Ireland and is a crime punishable by a monetary fine or contempt of court ruling. [...] Notwithstanding the secession of the south of Ireland from the United Kingdom in 1922, the situation regarding the use of the Irish Language in legal cases in Northern Ireland has remained unchanged. About 6% of the population of the North of Ireland speak Irish today, though the overwhelming majority of these speak it as a second language there is a very vibrant Irish language community in urban areas of Derry, Belfast and further afield among young people who view the language as a vital part of their cultural and political identity. [...] At present the only legal protection / status which the Irish language has in Northern Ireland comes from the European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages to which the British Government is a signatory. The Charter calls for the promotion of minority languages, the facilitation of their use in public life and "the removal of restrictions which would discourage the maintenance of the language".[18]
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2023-10-24): AL-KASSAB: Kneecap rapper Mo Chara is 25, born right around the time that the Good Friday peace agreement ended the conflict known as the Troubles. For decades, the Irish language was marginalized under British rule. A generation on, there is a growing Irish-language community in Belfast, and Mo Chara, along with his fellow rappers Moglai Bap and DJ Provai, have been credited with helping that. Here's a bit of their debut song. [...] AL-KASSAB: The Irish language has gone from being banned in government and the courts, which are under British control here, to last year becoming one of the official languages of Northern Ireland, where 12% of people speak it. Kevin O'Shannon is a tourism officer at the Culturlann Irish Cultural Center. He remembers a time when locals fought to learn Irish in school and even risked getting arrested. [...] AL-KASSAB: The biggest Irish-speaking school is now actually in Belfast, which reflects a big demographic shift. For the first time, Catholics now outnumber Protestants in Northern Ireland. That has many saying that the prospect of a referendum on Irish reunification is not a question of if but when. And use of the Irish language is growing beyond the Catholic community.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2024-09-17): The divide between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland had little to do with theological differences but instead was grounded in culture and politics. Neither Irish history nor the Irish language was taught in schools in Northern Ireland, it was illegal to fly the flag of the Irish republic, and from 1956 to 1974 Sinn Féin, the party of Irish republicanism, also was banned in Northern Ireland. Catholics by and large identified as Irish and sought the incorporation of Northern Ireland into the Irish state. The great bulk of Protestants saw themselves as British and feared that they would lose their culture and privilege if Northern Ireland were subsumed by the republic. They expressed their partisan solidarity through involvement with Protestant unionist fraternal organizations such as the Orange Order, which found its inspiration in the victory of King William III (William of Orange) at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 over his deposed Catholic predecessor, James II, whose siege of the Protestant community of Londonderry had earlier been broken by William. Despite these tensions, for 40 or so years after partition the status of unionist-dominated Northern Ireland was relatively stable.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2024-01-18): It is believed to be the first time witnesses have officially used Irish in courts in Belfast since it was banned under the Administration of Justice (Language) Act (Ireland) in 1737. The Irish language was spoken during legal proceedings in Belfast’s Royal Courts of Justice this week in what language experts say was the first time in nearly 300 years. [...] The campaign group who appealed the decision to deny access to documentation on the decision taken by the City Council posted on the social media platform X 📢Bhí @cnag ar ais sa Chúirt inniu i mBéal Feirste i gcomhar le @CAJNi & @PILSni, i gcoinne @belfastcc 🚨It is likely this is the first time witnesses have officially used Irish in Courts in Belfast since the introduction of the 1737 Administration of Justice (Language) Act. ⚖️ https://t.co/692GzTPUjN pic.twitter.com/MskUAJrPDZ — Conradh na Gaeilge ⭕️ (@CnaG) January 15, 2024
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2020-01-01): The Anglo Normans began settling in Scotland at the end of the eleventh century and in Ireland in the last third of the twelfth century. The Anglo Norman conquest started a period of multilingualism in Ireland, but Irish remained in the ascendancy and, gradually, the Normans began to speak Irish. By the start of the sixteenth century most of the people of Ireland were Irish speakers again. Among the words that the Anglo Normans introduced into Irish are ‘giúistís’ (justice), ‘bardas’ (corporation), ‘cúirt’ (court), ‘garsún’ (boy), and many, many more. [...] Although the majority of the people had Irish, English, however, was necessary for administrative and legal affairs. Irish, therefore, never became an administrative language, and the Irish speaking community never achieved political independence again. [...] The image of the Irish language has changed a great deal in recent years, which is evident in the number of people who speak and learn the language, not only in Ireland but around the world. The Irish language is the language of the community in Gaeltacht regions and the language is also gaining strength in places outside the Gaeltacht. According to the Census of 2016, 1.77 million people in the Republic of Ireland can speak Irish. Surveys have long shown a deep affection towards the Irish language amongst the community all over the country and this is not confined to people who speak Irish.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2023-12-05): English note: the following are recognized regional languages: Scots (about 30% of the population of Scotland), Scottish Gaelic (about 60,000 speakers in Scotland), Welsh (about 20% of the population of Wales), Irish (about 10% of the population of Northern Ireland), Cornish (some 2,000 to 3,000 people in Cornwall) (2012 est.)
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2020-05-01): In multilingual Ireland, people cursed in many tongues. In Ulster, the north-eastern province, Presbyterians uttered curses in Scottish accents using the dialect of Ulster-Scots. Although they shunned Catholic-sounding imprecations that begged the saints to unleash their holy wrath, Presbyterians were not above ‘letting a curse out’, as it was known, using plainer maledictions like ‘God’s curse upon his head’ and ‘bad luck to her’.27 Cursing occurred in English too, which became Ireland’s dominant language during the eighteenth century. [...] Quoted in John D. Brewer with Gareth I. Higgins, Anti-Catholicism in Northern Ireland, 1600–1998: The Mote and the Beam (Basingstoke, 1998), 111.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2024-10-09): If anyone is involved in the proceedings that doesn't understand English, interpreters may be arranged by the court or legal teams.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2022-01-27): The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) began a murder investigation after the Saville report was released. [...] In a statement, the PPS said after "careful consideration" the decision had been taken due to another recent court ruling which found evidence being relied upon in the prosecution of Soldier A and Soldier C for the killing of Joe McCann was inadmissible.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2024-10-08): Attitudes towards the language in Northern Ireland traditionally reflect the political differences between its two main communities. The language has been regarded with suspicion by Unionists, who have associated it with the Roman Catholic-majority Republic, and more recently, with the Republican movement in Northern Ireland itself. Many republicans in Northern Ireland, including Sinn Féin President Gerry Adams, learned Irish while in prison, a development known as the Jailtacht.[135] Laws passed by the Parliament of Northern Ireland, and still in force, state that only English could be used in public street signs, but Irish and Ulster Scots are used by businesses with bilingual (Irish/English) and trilingual (Irish/English/Ulster Scots) signage seen. [...] Irish is recognised as an official language of Northern Ireland as of 6 December 2022 when the Identity and Language Act became law. The Irish Language Act officially repealed legislation from 1737 that banned the use of Irish in courts.[131] [...] - ^ "Northern Ireland - Irish Language - Blas". BBC. 17 October 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2022-05-25): Centuries-long ban on Irish language in Northern Ireland courts to be scrapped A centuries-old ban on the use of the Irish language in the Northern Ireland courts will be repealed under language legislation introduced to Westminster today. [...] It will also include a provision repealing the Administration of Justice (Language) Act (Ireland) 1737, which is still in force in Northern Ireland and provides that all court proceedings "shall be in the English tongue and language".
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2022-12-07): The Irish language now has official recognition in Northern Ireland for the first time ever. The bill will create a new office for an Irish language commissioner in Northern Ireland who will develop best practice standards for public authorities, alongside repealing the 1737 Act of Justice (Ireland) legislation which banned Irish from courts. [...] Paula Melvin, President of Conradh na Gaeilge, said on Tuesday: "The Irish language community has been fighting for these rights for decades and in that regard to see the Irish language be afforded official recognition here [in Northern Ireland] for the first time is indeed historic.
Claim: Only the Irish language is banned in courts in Northern Ireland. (Linda Ervine, 2018-08-03)
Evidence (2024-08-02): Often repeated in the film is the line, "Every word of Irish spoken is a bullet for Irish freedom." The movie takes place in 2019 in West Belfast, during the height of advocacy for recognition of the Irish language in the United Kingdom. In 2022, the country's Identity and Language Act passed, granting Irish an equal status to English. It established the Irish language commissioner to develop Irish in Northern Ireland, repealed the ban of Irish in Northern Ireland courts, and allowed members of the Northern Ireland Assembly to speak Irish. The reality of the band's formation in 2017 was just as closely tied with the moment. [...] The group takes a necessary alternative approach to the legal and political work around the Irish language in the UK. Having begun their band five years before the 2022 law was passed, they've worked to create energy around the language, which continues to be "endangered," according to some linguists. [...] Bap grew up speaking Irish at home, while Chara and Próvaí learned it through school. The boys are quick to cite their history, telling Mashable that Irish language primary schools didn't exist in Northern Ireland until 1972, and Irish language secondary schools didn't come into being until 1991.