copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-10-10): Four states—Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh—as well as the Union Territory of Ladakh (formerly the state of Jammu and Kashmir) border China. [...] It is situated between China's Xinjiang Province and the Union Territory of Ladakh, once the state of Jammu and Kashmir. [...] Nelang, Pulam Sumda,Sang, Jadhang and Lapthal( Uttarkashi district of Uttrakhand).
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2012-12-25): Damzan and threatened an Indian detachment. In April 1956, an armed Chinese party of twelve, including an officer, intruded into the Nilang-Jadhang area in Uttar Pradesh. In [...] Tawang is the town that saw the maximum action during 1962 war. It is known as home to the biggest Buddhist monastery in India. It is also known for picturesque locations around. It is also known as the last civilian-town ahead of China border in this part of Arunachal Pradesh. Ta-Wang literally means ‘chosen by horse’. [...] Tawang and the Indian forces there were asked by bosses to withdraw. As a result, the Chinese took Tawang unopposed. There were many people in this town who actually saw the war, many who abandoned their houses.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-08-10): Pakistan released a new political map that claimed all of Jammu and Kashmir as Pakistan territories, on the eve of the first anniversary of revocation of Article 370. It also includes Ladakh, Sir Creek and Junagadh. [...] - However, the part of Kashmir and Ladakh border with China was not marked and described as Frontier Undecided. [...] - Pakistan’s inclusion of J&K and Ladakh appears to be a tit-for-tat for India’s inclusion of Pakistan Occupied Kashmir as part of the union territory of Jammu & Kashmir, and of Gilgit Baltistan as part of Ladakh in the new map the government released on November 2 after the re-organization of J&K came into effect on October 31 last year.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-13): En 2006, el embajador chino en India afirmó que todo Arunachal Pradesh es territorio chino[47] en medio de una escalada militar.[48] En aquel momento, ambos países afirmaron incursiones de hasta un kilómetro en el extremo norte de Sikkim.[35] En 2009, India anunció que desplegaría fuerzas militares adicionales a lo largo de la frontera.[49] En 2014, India propuso que China reconociera una política de "Una India" para resolver la disputa fronteriza.[50][51] [...] - ↑ Murty, T. S.; Maxwell, Neville (1971). «Tawang and "The Un-Negotiated Dispute"». The China Quarterly (en inglés) 46 (46): 357-362. doi:10.1017/S0305741000010754. [...] - ↑ «China's Ladakh Incursion Well-planned». The Times of India (en inglés). Archivado desde el original el 19 de agosto de 2017.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-08-13): Ladakh standoff: Indian Armed Forces are fully capable to give befitting reply to China [...] In so far as the Central Sector is concerned, a perfect watershed line exists, that besides separating ethnic aspects, has also at many places become a dividing line even to the extent of separating fauna & flora on either side. Here, no territorial dispute existed between India & Tibet in the past. In Spiti & Shipki La ( Himachal Pradesh ), there was no dispute, & as far as Barahoti in Uttarakhand is concerned, the only controversy that existed was whether Tibetan Officials could come into Indian territory for taxation of their traders. The same was the issue in the Nilang-Jadhang area (Uttarakhand).These matters had been discussed between the Indian & Tibetan Officials in 1890, 1914 and 1926. The Barahoti question was also discussed between Indian & Chinese Officials in 1958 & a partial agreement reached. China knows today that most of the area disputed by it falls in actual control of India. Should there be a desire on part of the Chinese to settle these issues reasonably, these controversies could be solved easily.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-06): You can drive up to 23 km from Bhaironghati Forest Check Post to the Nelong Valley Checkpost (3,500 m / 11,485 ft). There was once a village at this check post, Nelong Village, but now only the ruins remain. Further ahead are other villages of the valley and Janak Tal, and to go there, you need permission, which is given in special cases only. The villages were inhabited by the Jadh tribe once. Nelong, Jadhang Village, Sumla, Dumka, Pulam Sumda, and Keelang were some of the villages here before the 1962 Sino-Indian War. [...] Within the valley, there are multiple water streams that eventually join and become Jaad Ganga, which then joins the Bhagirathi River in Bhaironghati. A few of the "Gad" (streams) are Tirpani Gad, Chor Gad, Mana Gad, and Jadhung Gad.8 [...] References - Exploring the Valley of Jadhs https://www.himalayanclub.org/hj/69/7/exploring-the-valley-of-the-jadhs/ ↩︎ - The Last Indian Villages On Tibet Border https://www.rediff.com/news/special/the-last-indian-villages-on-tibet-border/20240523.htm ↩︎ - Nilang Valley reopened https://claudearpi.blogspot.com/2015/12/nilang-valley-reopened-to-tourism.html ↩︎ - Exploring the Valley of Jadhs https://www.himalayanclub.org/hj/69/7/exploring-the-valley-of-the-jadhs/ ↩︎ - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelang ↩︎ - https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/nelong-valley-opens-for-tourists-first-time-since-1962/article7232872.ece ↩︎ - Snow Leopard sighting in https://www.etvbharat.com/english/state/uttarakhand/snow-leopard-spotted-in-uttarakhand/na20230317145745636636541 ↩︎ - Jadh Ganga Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jadh_Ganga ↩︎
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-28): Les archives britanniques montrent que l'acceptation par le gouvernement tibétain de la nouvelle frontière en 1914 était conditionnelle à l'acceptation par la Chine de la convention de Simla. Puisque les Britanniques n'ont pas pu obtenir une acceptation de la Chine, les Tibétains ont considéré la ligne McMahon invalide[29]. Les responsables tibétains ont continué à administrer Tawang et ont refusé de concéder des territoires lors des négociations de 1938. Le gouverneur d'Assam a affirmé que Tawang était « sans aucun doute britannique » mais a noté qu'il était « contrôlé par le Tibet, et aucun de ses habitants n'a la moindre idée qu'il ne l'est pas. Tibétain. » Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, avec l'est de l'Inde menacé par les troupes japonaises et avec la menace de l'expansionnisme chinois, les troupes britanniques ont sécurisé Tawang pour une défense supplémentaire[18]. [...] - (en) « China's Ladakh Incursion Well-planned », Times of India, (lire en ligne [archive du ]).
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Jadhang, India on the map — exact time, time zone [...] Jadhang is located in the time zone India Standard Time. Data on the UTC standard, universal coordinated time. [...] Jadhang — nearest airports
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): The British records show that the Tibetan government's acceptance of the new border in 1914 was conditional on China accepting the Simla Convention. Since the British were not able to get an acceptance from China, Tibetans considered the McMahon line invalid.[28] Tibetan officials continued to administer Tawang and refused to concede territory during negotiations in 1938. The governor of Assam asserted that Tawang was "undoubtedly British" but noted that it was "controlled by Tibet, and none of its inhabitants have any idea that they are not Tibetan." During World War II, with India's east threatened by Japanese troops and with the threat of Chinese expansionism, British troops secured Tawang for extra defence.[citation needed] [...] - ^ "China's Ladakh Incursion Well-planned". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): The Jadhs of Jadhung (Jadh-Dung) The name Jadung seems to have come from Jadh (name of the tribe that inhabited the valley) and Dung (mountain). The British mapmakers have mentioned this place as Jadhang, but all local residents of Uttarkashi use the name Jadung (perhaps Jadh-Dung) for this village and valley. The pronunciation agrees well with the nomenclature. Agriculture, livestock and commerce drove economy of their villages of Jadh-Dung and Nelang2. The Jadh population3 is estimated at around 2500 today of which more than 60% are residents of the Kinnaur valley in Himachal and the rest in the villages of Harsil and Dunda in Uttarakhand. Although of predominantly Bhotia origins, the Jadh people have a strong Garhwali influence. Even though they have converted to Buddhism and changed their rituals during the time of Tibetan domination; the legend of King Janak and festivals like Pandav Lila4 continues to live on in the Jadh consciousness. [...] Due to some communication issue, the post-commander at Jadung had not been informed about our arrival through official channels. By about 8 in the evening the official hassles were sorted out. The day ended with a nice campfire in the farmlands of Jadung. The little solar-powered lights of the ITBP post shone at a distance across a little stream. The silhouettes of the ruins of the Jadung village around created an ambience that was surreal and ghostly.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): 6 Six border passes (specified in the Agreement between China and India on Trade and Intercourse, 1954, Lok Sabha Secretariat, Foreign Policy of India, Text of Documents, 1947-58, p. 87 (1958)) are Shipki, Mana, Niti, Kungri, Bingri, Darma, and Lipu Lekh. Specific places under controversy include: Spiti area (Chuva and Chuji), Shipki Pass, Nilang-Jadhang area (Sang and Tsungsha), Barahoti (Wu-je), Sangchamalla and Lapthal. Report, at CE-39. [...] 56 Additional evidence of China's acceptance of India's responsibilities towards Bhutan can be afforded by the fact that the Indian Government has taken up a number of matters with the Chinese Government on behalf of Bhutan, including the delineation of Bhutan's external boundaries. Report, at 199. [...] 93 Ladakh was part of the Harsha Empire in the seventh century A.D. The account of the noted Chinese pilgrim Hieun Tsang about his extensive travels in Northern India at that time included a spirited reference to the State of Kashmir and Ladakh. For a brief description of the subsequent history, see White Paper II, at 128-130.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2015-10-27): - ↑ "India-China troops face-off near Line of Actual Control in Ladakh". 13 July 2018. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/india-china-troops-face-off-near-line-of-actual-control-in-ladakh/articleshow/48937565.cms. [...] - ↑ "Big surge in Chinese transgressions, most of them in Ladakh". 22 May 2020. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/aksai-chin-army-big-surge-in-chinese-transgressions-most-of-them-in-ladakh-6421674/. [...] - ↑ Philip, Snehesh Alex; Basu, Nayanima (22 September 2020). "India and China stick to demands, current ground positions in Ladakh could become status quo". ThePrint. https://theprint.in/defence/india-and-china-stick-to-demands-current-ground-positions-in-ladakh-could-become-status-quo/508449/.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2013-08-19): The Tale of the Jadhs of Jadhung "They must have cooked the name up" I thought when one of the officers of the Jadung post said… "हाँ हाँ, दस कीलोमीटर आगे ताल है बहुत सुन्दर- जनक ताल ." [...] The Jadhs of Jadhung (Jadh-Dung) [...] The name Jadung seems to have come from the compound word Jadh (name of the tribe that inhabited the valley)- Dung (Mountain).
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): Bhutan [edit]Bhutan has long had strong cultural, historical, religious and economic connections to Tibet. Bhutan's border with Tibet has never been officially recognized, much less demarcated. The Republic of China based in Taiwan officially maintains a territorial claim on parts of Bhutan to this day.[4] The territorial claim was maintained by the People's Republic of China after the Chinese Communist Party took control of mainland China in the Chinese Civil War.[4][5][6] [...] On 11 August 2016 Bhutan Foreign Minister Damcho Dorji visited Beijing, capital of China, for the 24th round of boundary talks with Chinese Vice President Li Yuanchao. Both sides made comments to show their readiness to strengthen co-operations in various fields and hope of settling the boundary issues.[16] In 2024, The New York Times reported that, according to satellite imagery, China had constructed villages inside of disputed territory within Bhutan.[17] Chinese individuals, called "border guardians," received annual subsidies to relocate to newly built villages and paid to conduct border patrols.[17]
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-26): The People's Republic of China (PRC) officially, often called China (Chinese: 中国; pinyin: Zhōngguó; literally "Central State"), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country. Covering approximately 9,600,000 square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), it is the third or fourth largest country by total area.[16] Governed by the Communist Party of China, the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau. [...] The PRC considers Taiwan to be its 23rd province, although Taiwan is governed by the Republic of China, which rejects the PRC's claim.[47] [...] Ever since its establishment after the second Chinese Civil War, the PRC has claimed the territories governed by the Republic of China (ROC), a separate political entity today commonly known as Taiwan, as a part of its territory. It regards the island of Taiwan as its Taiwan Province, Kinmen, and Matsu as a part of Fujian Province and islands the ROC controls in the South China Sea as a part of Hainan Province and Guangdong Province. These claims are controversial because of the complicated Cross-Strait relations, with the PRC treating the One-China policy as one of its most important diplomatic principles.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): The British records show that the Tibetan government's acceptance of the new border in 1914 was conditional on China accepting the Simla Convention. Since the British were not able to get an acceptance from China, Tibetans considered the McMahon line invalid.[28] Tibetan officials continued to administer Tawang and refused to concede territory during negotiations in 1938. The governor of Assam asserted that Tawang was "undoubtedly British" but noted that it was "controlled by Tibet, and none of its inhabitants have any idea that they are not Tibetan." During World War II, with India's east threatened by Japanese troops and with the threat of Chinese expansionism, British troops secured Tawang for extra defence.[citation needed] [...] - ^ Murty, T. S.; Maxwell, Neville (April–June 1971). "Tawang and "The Un-Negotiated Dispute"". The China Quarterly. 46 (46): 357–362. doi:10.1017/S0305741000010754. JSTOR 652270. S2CID 154868693. [...] - ^ "China's Ladakh Incursion Well-planned". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-08-25): The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949 after the Communist Party defeated the nationalist Kuomintang, who retreated to Taiwan, creating two rival Chinese states - the People's Republic on the mainland and the Republic of China on Taiwan.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-05): TAIPEI (Reuters) - It is "impossible" for the People's Republic of China to become Taiwan's motherland because Taiwan has older political roots, the island's President Lai Ching-te said on Saturday. [...] The republican government fled to Taiwan in 1949 after losing a civil war with Mao Zedong's communists who set up the People's Republic of China, which continues to claim the island as its "sacred" territory. [...] Chinese President Xi Jinping, in a speech on the eve of his country's national day, reiterated his government's view that Taiwan was its territory.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-05): The People's Republic of China (PRC) (simplified Chinese: 中华人民共和国; traditional Chinese: 中華人民共和國) is a one-party state in East Asia governed by the Communist Party of China (CPC). It was founded on 1 October 1949. It currently has more than 1.4 billion people (as of 2017).[3] It covers an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. [...] In the SARs, the central government is responsible for defense and foreign affairs but not daily operations for 50 years. PRC claims Taiwan as one of its many provinces. However, PRC does not have control of Taiwan. It has an entirely different political system and is officially known as the Republic of China.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): China has 33 administrative units directly under the central government; these consist of 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities (Chongqing, Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin), and 2 special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The island province of Taiwan, which has been under separate administration since 1949, is discussed in the article Taiwan. Beijing (Peking), the capital of the People’s Republic, is also the cultural, economic, and communications center of the country. Shanghai is the main industrial city; Hong Kong is the leading commercial center and port.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): 【街道办事处】 jiēdào bànshìchù 市辖区、不设区的市的人民政府派出机关。 在上一级政府领导下，负责本辖区内的社区服务、经济发展、社会治安等工作。 - ^ 中国的行政区划——省级行政单位. Government of the People's Republic of China. 2009-04-17. Archived from the original on 2015-07-15. Retrieved 2015-09-07. - ^ 中华人民共和国行政区划 [Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China], 15 June 2005, archived from the original on 2010-07-23, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Chapter II : Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Article 12, archived from the original on 2010-07-29, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Chapter II Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Macau Special Administrative Region, Article 12, archived from the original on 5 February 2012, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ "Hudong Wiki" (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2010-09-06. Retrieved 2010-09-04.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-26): The People's Republic of China is commonly known as China and the Republic of China is commonly known as Taiwan. These are separate states with a shared history; China claims sovereignty over Taiwan. [...] Since then, both the ROC and the PRC have been claiming to represent all of "China", and both officially claim each other's territory. In the 1992 consensus, both governments agreed that there is only one "China" but each claimed to be the sole representative of the sovereignty of undivided China. The PRC's (China's) official policy is to reunify Taiwan with mainland China under the formula of "one country, two systems" and refuses to renounce the use of military force, especially if Taiwan seeks a declaration of independence. [...] The government of the Republic of China currently governs the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor islands. Its neighbours are People's Republic of China in the west, Japan in the northeast, and the Philippines in the south.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-17): Territorial changes of the People's Republic of China The territory of the People's Republic of China (PRC) has frequently been revised since its formation on 1 October 1949. [...] - 3 September 1954, The People's Republic of China annexed the Yijiangshan Islands and Dachen Islands from the Republic of China during the First Taiwan Strait Crisis (Battle of Yijiangshan) even as the U.S. Seventh Fleet was patrolling nearby.[4]
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-27): In 2005 the Anti-Secession Law of the PRC was enacted. It promises the lands currently ruled by the authorities of Taiwan a high degree of autonomy, among other things.[19] The PRC can also employ non-peaceful means and other necessary measures to defend its claims to sovereignty over the ROC's territories in the event of an outright declaration of independence by Taiwan (ROC).[19] [...] - Taiwan would be a special administrative region of China, and part of the PRC. The ROC would no longer exist.[20] [...] - ^ Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国行政区划; Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Xíngzhèng Qūhuà), 15 June 2005, archived from the original on 23 July 2010, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Chapter II: Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Article 12, archived from the original on 29 July 2010, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Chapter II Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Macau Special Administrative Region, Article 12, archived from the original on 5 February 2012, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Lauterpacht, Elihu. Greenwood, C. J. [1999] (1999). International Law Reports Volume 114 of International Law Reports Set Complete set. Cambridge University Press, 1999. ISBN 0521642442, 9780521642446. p 394.
Claim: Jadhang is a territory of People's Republic of China (Jadhang, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-07): 19 of 23 Fujian dowell / Getty Images Area: 46,834 square miles (121,300 square kilometers)Capital: Fuzhou The picturesque Fujian province might be a small province, but due to its location opposite of Taiwan, bordering the China Sea, it’s been strategically important in its long history; Fujian appears in written records dating to B.C.E. 300. 20 of 23 Jiangsu Nayuki / Getty Images Area: 39,614 square miles (102,600 square kilometers)Capital: Nanjing Nanjing, in Jiangsu, was the capital during the Ming Dynasty (1368 to 1644), and again from 1928 to 1949, and has been culturally and economically significant since antiquity. 21 of 23 Zhejiang george / Getty Images Area: 39,382 square miles (102,000 square kilometers)Capital: Hangzhou One of the richest and most densely populated provinces of China, Zhejiang's industry includes textiles, metal, furniture, appliances, paper/printing, car and bicycle manufacturing, and construction. 22 of 23 Taiwan tobiasjo / Getty Images Area: 13,738 square miles (35,581 square kilometers)Capital: Taipei The island of Taiwan has been a place much fought over for hundreds of years. It has had self-rule but also has been a territory of the Netherlands, Nationalist China, and Japan.