copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2022-02-26): The Belfast Telegraph published an article that claimed the last time the US Capitol was attacked was during the War of 1812: "Robert Ross … from Rostrevor in Co Down, will always be remembered as the man who burned down the White House in 1814." The US Capitol comprises the buildings that house both the US House of Representatives and the US Senate. But was Robert Ross really the "last man to attack the US Capitol?" We reviewed incidents of the US Capitol buildings being attacked. [...] There have been four notable attacks on the US Capitol in-between Robert Ross and the incident on 6 January 2021. While Major General Robert Ross in 1814 was the last foreign attacker, Linda Evans and Laura Whitehorn were among the most recent attackers in 1983.
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2023-08-01): British Burn the Capitol, 1814, Allyn Cox, 1974, Corridor, House wing, First Floor. Around 8 p.m., on the evening of August 24, 1814, British troops under the command of Vice Admiral Sir Alexander Cockburn and Major General Robert Ross marched into Washington, D.C., after a victory over American forces at Bladensburg, Maryland, earlier in the day. The nation was in the midst of war. Word of the approaching forces sent most of the population fleeing, leaving the capital vulnerable. Meeting little to no resistance, British troops set fire to much of the city, in retaliation for the Americans' burning of the Canadian capital at York on April 27, 1813. Those who remained on the evening of August 24, 1814, were witness to a horrifying spectacle. The British torched major rooms in the Capitol, which then housed the Library of Congress, as well as the House, Senate and Supreme Court. The White House, the navy yard and several American warships were also burned; however, most private property was spared.
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2022-12-22): The insurrection at the Capitol was of such grave consequence for liberal democracy and the rule of law that commentators have struggled ever since to find some historical precedent to provide context and understanding to a nation in a state of continuing crisis. Some thought immediately of the sack of the Capitol, in 1814, though the perpetrators then were foreign, soldiers of the British crown. Others have pointed to contested Presidential elections of the past—1824, 1876, 1960, 2000—but those ballots were certified, peacefully and lawfully, by Congress. None of the losers sought to foment an uprising or create a national insurgency. Compare Trump’s self-absorption and rage with Al Gore’s graceful acceptance of the Supreme Court’s decision handing the election to George W. Bush: "Tonight, for the sake of our unity as a people and the strength of our democracy, I offer my concession." [...] A civil war, in the nineteenth-century understanding of the term, is not at hand. But what makes the events of January 6, 2021, so alarming is that they were inspired and incited by the President of the United States, Donald Trump, who remains popular among so many Republicans and a contender to return to the White House.
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2024-09-12): The afternoon of August 24, 1814, President James Madison was on the field of battle at Bladensburg, Maryland, when British troops overran American militia forces. Receiving word that General William Winder had called a retreat, he made his way back to the President's House. After assessing the situation, getting a fresh horse and packing a few items, he escaped from the city taking the Georgetown Ferry to Mason's Island and crossed over the Causeway into Virginia. He traveled the Georgetown Road to the Alexandria & Leesburg Road, where he headed west, stopping at Wren's Tavern in Falls Church. He later rode up to Minor's Hill, but did not stay there long because it was filled with refugees from Alexandria; it is thought that he spent the night the British burned the nation’s capital city at Salona (McLean). President Madison was back in Falls Church the following day.
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2024-08-14): On August 6, 1814, a British fleet consisting of nearly fifty vessels sailed into the Chesapeake. Commanded by Rear Admiral George Cockburn, the Brits planned a two pronged attack; troops would land at Benedict, Maryland on the Patuxent River, while the naval force, including 1,000 men under the command of Captain James Gordon, would continue up the Potomac to Washington. The British succeeded admirably, routing American troops at the Battle of Bladensburg on August 24, 1814, and burning nearly all of Washington's public buildings-including the Capitol and the Executive Mansion-on the 25th and 26th.
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2020-08-19): In August 1814, British forces occupying the Chesapeake Bay began to sail up the Patuxent River in Maryland. Fearing an attack on the capital, Secretary of State James Monroe offered to scout the British position and report back to President James Madison. Monroe, accompanied by cavalry, left Washington and rode into southern Maryland.
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2022-12-31): General [[Page 130 STAT. 2121]]
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2022-05-10): The War of 1812 produced a string of American military disasters. The most shocking of these was the British Army’s burning of the Capitol, the President’s house, and other public buildings in Washington on August 24 and 25, 1814. (Americans had previously burned public buildings in Canada.)
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2001-11-01): William Jones (1813 - 1814)
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2024-10-07): In August 1814, a force of 2,500 soldiers under General Ross had just arrived in Bermuda aboard HMS Royal Oak, three frigates, three sloops and ten other vessels. Released from the Peninsular War by victory, the British intended to use them for diversionary raids along the coasts of Maryland and Virginia. In response to Prévost's request,[specify] they decided to employ this force, together with the naval and military units already on the station, to strike at the national capital. Anticipating the attack, valuable documents, including the original Constitution, were removed to Leesburg, Virginia.[136] The British task force advanced up the Chesapeake, routing Commodore Barney's flotilla of gunboats, carried out the Raid on Alexandria, landed ground forces that bested the US defenders at the Battle of Bladensburg, and carried out the Burning of Washington.
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2014-08-26): On 24 August 1814, British troops under the command of Major-General Robert Ross captured the city of Washington and set fire to its public buildings, including the Capitol building and the White House. The events happened during the war of 1812, fought between British and American forces at sea and on land in America and Canada. America had declared war on Great Britain on 27 June 1812, citing four key reasons: trade restrictions and blockades imposed during the Napoleonic Wars, the impressment into the Royal Navy of British seamen serving on American ships, British defence of the Native American tribes against American expansion and territorial claims into part of modern day Canada that had not been sufficiently addressed following the American Wars of Independence and the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783 (FO 93/8/2). [...] On 18 July 1814 Lord Bathurst, the British Foreign Secretary, sent the following orders to Major-General Robert Ross: [...] On 30 August 1814, Major-General Robert Ross, on board HMS Tonnant, in the Patuxent river, wrote to the Earl of Bathurst, the British Foreign Secretary, announcing the capture of Washington ‘My Lord, I have the honour to communicate to your Lordship that on the night of the 24 instant, after defeating the army of the United States on that day, the troops under my command entered and took possession of the city of Washington.
Claim: The last man to attack the US Capitol, prior to the events on 6 January 2021, was a British Army Major General from Northern Ireland, in 1814. (Ralph Hewitt, 2021-01-07)
Evidence (2021-01-07): Thanks for joining uspublished at 23:14 Greenwich Mean Time 7 January 2021
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2021-11-30): The claim is not accurate. No COVID-19 vaccine currently in use contains animal products.
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2022-01-06): COVID-19 Vaccines: My Message To Vegans [...] Are COVID-19 vaccines vegan? Whether or not COVID-19 vaccines are vegan depends on how you define veganism. If you define veganism as zero use of animals, or animal products, they are not vegan. If you define veganism as philosophy that excludes animal exploitation "as far as possible and practical", like the Vegan Society, then the answer is fuzzier.
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2024-04-04): In terms of animal testing, the discursive positioning of the COVID-19 vaccine may pose a significant challenge to vegan values. Currently, there are no animal-free alternatives for many conventional drugs and medical procedures—there was none for the COVID-19 vaccines—as well as no animal-free alternative medicine in general for vegan individuals favoring options different from chemically synthesized drugs. However, this ethical challenge does not have a single or straightforward interpretation. For instance, amid the crisis, the Vegan Society reminded that the definition of veganism includes the idea that "‘it is not always possible or feasible for vegans to avoid the use of animals," which, they added, is particularly relevant to medical situations. Furthermore, even though the vegan organization directly acknowledges that the COVID-19 vaccine is tested on animals, it defends its acceptance because "it is playing a key role in tackling the pandemic and saving lives" ("Vegan Society response to COVID-19 vaccine", 2020). The notion that veganism is about choosing the ‘least bad’ option when it comes to animal suffering is widely understood. [...] COVID-19 Vaccines and Veganism (2021) Animal aid. https://www.animalaid.org.uk/COVID-19-vaccines-and-veganism/ [...] Enerio D (2021) Vegan who rejected COVID-19 vaccine over animal testing dies of virus. Int Bus Times. https://www.ibtimes.com/vegan-who-rejected-COVID-19-vaccine-over-animal-testing-dies-virus-3347130
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2021-01-22): False. Neither the Pfizer, AstraZeneca, nor the Moderna vaccines contain any animal products. [...] We've been asked by readers on WhatsApp to clear up whether there is pork in the new Covid-19 vaccines, whether they cause infertility in younger men and whether they pose a risk of death to the elderly. [...] None contain any products derived from animals. The UK vaccine rollout is endorsed by the British Islamic Medical Association, Hindu Council UK, and the Board of Deputies of British Jews.
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2024-10-08): Does the Covid vaccine contain animal products? CORONAVIRUS vaccines are being rolled out to millions of vulnerable people, but do any of the vaccines contain animal products? [...] Does the vaccine contain animal products: Does the vaccine contain animal products? (Image: GETTY)
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2023-03-13): Use of human and animal products in vaccines Information on the use of human and animal products in vaccines. [...] Added a line on the COVID-19 vaccine that contains fish oil.
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2022-09-08): When most people think about consuming a vegan or vegetarian diet, their medicines are perhaps not the first thing that come to mind. However, many medicines contain excipients that are derived from animals, making it difficult for most people to avoid animal products entirely — but this might be starting to change. [...] And, although the dictionary definitions may not mention medicines, many people living a vegan or vegetarian lifestyle aim to avoid animal products wherever possible. Faiths including Judaism, Hinduism, Islam and Buddhism also teach that certain animal products should not be taken into the body, and this includes in drug form. [...] Fry says that the "vast majority" of vegan and vegetarian patients she speaks to have not thought about medicines as possibly containing animal products.
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2022-03-01): Many people have been waiting for a COVID vaccine that is both ethical and doesn’t contain animal ingredients. Clinical trials for vaccines involve human volunteers, but before they reach that stage, their safety and efficacy must be tested on animals, per the FDA as well as guidelines worldwide. So, there’s still no such thing as a vegan COVID vaccine. And, yes, you should still get vaccinated. Any vaccination is better than none. But don’t take my word for it. The scientific community is unanimous in recommending adults and eligible children to be fully vaccinated—and in some cases boosted—for the best protection against COVID-19 symptoms and spread. [...] Plant-based vaccines are still a new innovation. In fact, the plant-based coronavirus vaccine is the first of its kind. While Covifenz is plant-based, per regulations surrounding vaccines, it is tested on animals. (Vaccine trials for COVID-19 have relied on research on mice, hamsters, and nonhuman primates.) In other words, it’s not a vegan vaccine. "Plant-based" just refers to how the shots are made. So, how do they differ from other kinds of vaccines?
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2021-12-07): New research shows 62% of UK vegans have had two doses of the Covid-19 vaccine with 25% stating they have received one dose and are waiting to receive the second[1]. [...] Sam Calvert, spokesperson for The Vegan Society, said: "The Vegan Society understands that the Covid-19 vaccination programme is playing a fundamental role in tackling the pandemic and saving lives. However, as there is currently a legal requirement that all vaccines are tested on animals, all three Covid-19 vaccines available in the UK are not considered vegan as they have used animals in their development and testing[2]." [...] You can read The Vegan Society’s full statement about the Covid-19 vaccines online.
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2021-04-26): Can I get a COVID-19 vaccine if I’m vegan? [...] Do the COVID-19 vaccines contain animal-derived ingredients? The vaccines made by Pfizer/BioNTech, Oxford/AstraZeneca and Moderna that were recently approved for use in the UK do not contain any animal-derived ingredients, though animal-derived materials may have been used in the production process. It is possible that future COVID-19 vaccines will contain animal-derived ingredients. An example of such an ingredient is shark squalene – an oil derived from the livers of sharks – which is sometimes added to make a vaccine better at stimulating an immune response. It will only be possible to know whether a future vaccine contains animal-derived ingredients if and when it is approved for use, and at that point, it may be possible to opt for a vaccine that does not contain them on ethical grounds. Again, this is something you should discuss with your health-care provider.
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2021-08-06): Can vegetarians and vegans have the Covid vaccine? [...] Therefore, on ingredients basis alone, both vegetarians and vegans can have the Covid-19 vaccine. [...] All of the Covid-19 vaccines have involved testing on animals – because it’s the law.
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2024-07-27): The COVID vaccine is presenting a moral conundrum to some vegans. [...] Dr Maya Shahsavari is a vegan and surgeon based in Dundee who has had both of her COVID-19 jabs. Despite the involvement of animal testing, something that she "struggled with greatly when making the decision to take the vaccine," she did decide to take it to protect herself, her patients and the wider community. "It is a difficult decision for most people but as all decisions go in life, you must weigh up the consequences of your choice," she says over email. "Sometimes it is necessary to take actions that may not directly be in alignment with your personal beliefs, but will protect vulnerable people and change or save lives." [...] Vegan organisations have encouraged people to take the vaccine, while maintaining their criticisms of animal testing. PETA – People for Ethical Treatment of Animals – says: "As long as tests on animals are a legal requirement, refusing to get a COVID-19 jab on ethical grounds would neither help the mice, hamsters, and monkeys who have already been used in tests nor spare any the same fate in the future."
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2020-12-02): It has never been more important for us to talk about the definition of veganism in the context of medications, including vaccines. The definition of veganism recognises that it is not always possible or practicable for vegans to avoid participating in animal use, which is particularly relevant to medical situations. In the case of Covid-19, vaccination is playing a fundamental role in tackling the pandemic and saving lives. As there is currently a legal requirement that all vaccines are tested on animals, at this point in time it is impossible to have a vaccine that has been created without animal use. [...] However, the Vegan Society encourages vegans to look after their health and that of others in order to continue to be effective advocates for veganism and other animals. It is the responsibility of each individual to make an informed decision about vaccines, bearing in mind the definition of veganism, with support from their local healthcare team. Our friends at the Vegetarian Society have summarised the government and manufacturer information on the Covid -19 vaccination into some key points.
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2023-03-23): COVID-19 Vaccines and Veganism [...] As the vaccine is tested on animals, as an ethical vegan, should I refuse to have it? [...] References 1) ‘The MHRA can confirm that COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen does not contain any components of animal origin.’ https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen – accessed 2021-09-07 2) ‘A material used in the early stage of the manufacturing process of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine BNT162b2 contains a component that is derived from bovine milk.’ https://www.nottsapc.nhs.uk/media/1642/covidvaccinefaqspfizer.pdf – accessed 2021-09-07
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2021-02-21): Some of my vegan friends are reluctant to get the Covid-19 vaccine. These vaccines do not contain animal products. Yet animals were used to develop and test them. For instance, early trials involved giving the vaccines to mice and macaque monkeys. So my friends say they feel uncomfortable having a product that uses animals in these ways. [...] Nonetheless, I believe vegans can get the Covid-19 vaccine in good conscience. Let me explain why.
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2022-07-19): While some vegans are anti-vaxxers, this is not usually the case. According to the Vegan Society, 85 percent of British vegans have "been jabbed" at least once. Indeed, in the UK, vegans are exempt from workplace vaccine mandates. And the Vegan Society COVID policy statement argues that COVID vaccines are morally acceptable even though they are tested on animals. The Society holds that the definition of veganism recognizes that it is not always possible for vegans to completely avoid participating in animal use, particularly in situations such as the pandemic. In an article in The Conversation, the bioethicist Ben Bramble makes a convincing argument that vegans should be able to get the COVID vaccine in good conscience. [...] Professor Bramble is sympathetic with the moral plight of vegans in the face of COVID. He wrote, "Nevertheless, under current circumstances, our need to use animals to develop and test these vaccines is real. So, the correct path is not to reject COVID-19 vaccines. It’s to reluctantly accept them and lobby hard for better treatment of animals."
Claim: Vegans cannot take COVID-19 vaccines because they contain animal products. (Radio caller, 2021-11-30)
Evidence (2022-02-26): The claim is not accurate. No COVID-19 vaccine currently in use contains animal products. On The Nolan Show (30/11/2021 from 10.21) a caller claimed that "…[t]here are some people who cannot get the vaccine. Some people are allergic to the ingredients, others have had adverse reactions in the past. Vegans can not take it because it contains animal products, and there are people who because of their faith cannot take it." [...] The NHS website clearly states that "the COVID-19 vaccines do not contain egg or animal products.".