copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-01-01): Visit Three Pagoda Pass (Sangkhlaburi) Presentation Three Pagoda Pass g_translate Thai name : ด่านเจดีย์สามองค์ reviews My opinion: The Three Pagodas Pass (Chedi Sam Ong in Thai) is a checkpoint at the border between Thailand and Burma (Myanmar) with a small market and three small white chedi which gave the place its name. Local people come here to pray and make offerings to the chedi or do shopping at the market which sells souvenirs, precious stones, artcraft... Nothing that interesting in our opinion, if you can not pass the birder and visit Burmese side.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Three Pagodas Pass is one of the most important places to visit in this part of Thailand. Located in Nong Lu Sub-district, it is 215 kilometers far away from Kanchanaburi Province. Three stupas are standing at the pass with octagon-shaped bases, while the upper part is round and has a sharp top with a white color. In the past, it was only the pile of stones that people worshiped for a fortune before passing to Myanmar. [...] Three Pagodas Pass is located in the Tenasserim Hillson, the border between Thailand and Myanmar (Burma), at 282 meters (925 feet). The Pass links the town of Sangkhlaburi, north of Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand, to Payathonzu, south of Kayin State, Myanmar. [...] Three Pagodas Pass is located in the historical area, the path connecting Thailand and Myanmar.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-04-25): Three Pagodas Pass (Thai: ด่านเจดีย์สามองค์ Darn Chedi Sam Ong) is on the Thai-Myanmar border, but accessible to foreigners only from the Thai side. It is between Sangkhlaburi in Thailand and Payathonzu in Myanmar. Understand [edit]Three Pagodas Pass was for centuries on the main land route between India and South East Asia. The strategic location was last exploited during World War II by the Japanese, who used POW labour to build the infamous Death Railway to ferry supplies to Burma from Bangkok. [...] From Myanmar: the nearest town is Payathonzu, however foreigners can only get there using the border crossing from Thailand. The border crossing at Three Pagodas Pass is in a state of flux, but was reopened in 2010. As of Jan 2012 it was open to Thai citizens, but not to foreigners.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-02-03): Three Pagodas Pass (Phlone ကၠံင်သိုင့်ဖၠုံးလါင့်ဆေါတ်ဖိုင်သာ့; Burmese: ဘုရားသုံးဆူ တောင်ကြားလမ်း, Paya Thon Zu Taung Za Lang, Burmese pronunciation: [pʰajá θóʊɰ̃ zù tàʊɰ̃ dʑá láɰ̃]; Thai: ด่านเจดีย์สามองค์, RTGS: Dan Chedi Sam Ong, Thai pronunciation: [dàːn tɕeːdiː sǎːm ʔoŋ]) is a pass in the Tenasserim Hills on the border between Thailand and Myanmar (Burma), at an elevation of 282 metres (925 ft). The pass links the town of Sangkhla Buri in the north of Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand, to the town of Payathonsu in the south of Kayin State, Myanmar. The pass is named after three small, crumbling stupas or chedis which were probably built at the end of Ayutthaya period as a symbol of peace. The pagodas are now on the Thai side of the border in the village of Phra Chedi Sam Ong.[2][3] Parts of the border are still disputed.[2] These three chedis appear in the provincial seal of Kanchanaburi Province in stylized form.[4] The pass gives its name to the Three Pagodas Fault. [...] Three Pagodas Pass is popular with tourists, who are allowed to obtain a one-day visa from the Thai side to visit Payathonsu. Attractions on the Burmese side include wooden furniture, jade carvings, and textiles. Thai tourists are allowed in as of 2011, while other tourists are not, due to its status as a temporary border checkpoint which only allows day trips between the two neighbouring countries.[9][10]
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-04): In 1994, an incident occurred at Three Pagodas Pass on the Thailand-Myanmar border, west of Bangkok. While minor in itself, it had the potential to complicate the diplomatic relationship between Australia and Myanmar, at a difficult time. Known only to a few people at the time, when the history of Australia’s relations with Myanmar is finally written it deserves at least a footnote. [...] Three Pagodas Pass is of considerable historical importance. For centuries, it was one of the main land routes between Burma (as Myanmar was known before 1989) and Siam (as Thailand was known before 1939). During the Second World War, it was where the infamous ‘death railway’ from Ban Pong to Thanbyuzayat crossed the border. For years, an old Japanese C56 locomotive was preserved there as a monument to the 13,000 Allied prisoners of war and 80,000 Asian labourers who died working on the railway. [...] Adding to these complications, the demarcation of the border in this area was disputed. The boundary between the two countries was broadly defined in negotiations between the East India Company and the King of Siam in 1826, and through subsequent Anglo-Siamese border commissions, but ambiguities still existed around Three Pagodas Pass. The actual town and border checkpoint which carry this name lie at the end of a thin, 1.5 kilometre-long sliver of Thai territory, surrounded by Myanmar on three sides.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-09-04): Thailand Requests Upgrading Three Pagodas Pass to an Official, Permanent Border Crossing [...] The request was lodged on August 30 during the first meeting of the Thailand-Myanmar Township Border Committee, according to U Myo Naing, an administrator in Payathonzu, also known as Three Pagodas Pass.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Known as the 'Three Pagodas Pass', the crossing at Sangkhla Buri (Thailand, Kanchanaburi Province) and Payathonzu (Myanmar, Kayin State) is not open to foreigners. The Singkhorn Pass is only open for Myanmar and Thai residents travelling either way for up to two days. It connects Mueang Prachuap Khiri Khan (Thailand) with a very remote part Myanmar's Tanintharyi Division (nearest large town Myeik, although this would take over one day's travel).
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-09-01): Three Pagodas Pass at the Thailand Myanmar border in northern Kanchanaburi has been an active crossing point between the two countries for many years, and despite COVID-19 restrictions and recent closure measures it is has been increasingly used by transnational crime groups to traffic illicit contraband and people in 2020. Recent record synthetic and other drug seizures (methamphetamine, ketamine and some heroin) at the police / military inspection check-point in Sangkhla Buri on the road south from Three Pagodas Pass have confirmed a shift of trafficking routes from Mae Sai - Tachilek in the Golden Triangle and Mae Sot - Myawaddy in central Thailand towards this very complex, and in some respects over-looked, Thailand Myanmar border area. The Three Pagodas Pass links communities in Sangkhla Buri in north Kanchanaburi Thailand to the town of Payathonsu in the south of Kayin State and nearby Mon State in Myanmar, connecting very different societies, cultures and economic systems, with a unique mix of disparities and border challenges. Official border trade has been strained by COVID-19 in 2020, but it has continued at reasonable levels when allowed, and there are indications some informal trade and trafficking has been taking place even during COVID-19 restrictions. This reality is a clear challenge for efficient and effective border management, and has been proven to be an opportunity for organized crime involved in trafficking of drugs, people, timber and wildlife.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-08-21): The Three Pagodas Pass is a melting pot of cultures offering much more than a border market stop. [...] To properly explore the Three Pagodas pass you’ll need your own wheels and a place to stay in Sangkhlaburi. [...] The end of the Three Pagodas Pass has the Three Pagodas themselves, the bustling border market and a glimpse of Myanmar on the other side.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2002-06-22): Civilians massacred, villages burned, churches destroyed, Christian pastors and a Buddhist Monk tortured, forced relocation, and over 5,000 IDPs, 1,000 of whom are in hiding and fleeing for their lives. This is the current situation in central Dooplaya, Karen State, Burma. Dooplaya district is that part of Karen State, Burma, bordering Tak and Kanchanaburi province, Thailand, to the east, and located to the west and southwest of Myawaddy, and North and Northwest of Three Pagoda Pass to Thanbyuzayat and Ye. Central Dooplaya is the area from the Thai border (between Three Pagoda Pass and Bueng Klung) to Kya Inn Seik Gyi and the Zumi river. This report was completed by a relief team , that went to the IDPs in this area in June 2002. The situation among the IDPs in hiding, those already forcibly relocated, and the few villages left intact is among the worse in Burma. This is a brutal reign of terror.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1998-07-20): Three Pagodas Pass mountain pass, Myanmar-Thailand verifiedCite [...] Three Pagodas Pass, mountain pass in the Tenasserim Mountain Range on the Myanmar (Burma)-Thailand border, 100 miles (160 km) southeast of Moulmein, Myanmar. The pass, at an elevation of 925 feet (282 m), links southeastern Myanmar and western Thailand. For centuries it was the chief link between Myanmar and the fertile plain of the Chao Phraya River, used both for trade and for military invasions. During World War II the Japanese built the Thanbyuzayat–Ban Pong railroad (commemorated in the book and movie The Bridge on the River Kwai) through the pass (see Kanchanaburi).
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-20): The border trading post of Payathonzu (Three Pagodas Pass) town on the Thailand-Myanmar border has been temporarily closed by the armed organizations on the Myanmar side, and the passage of cargo container vehicles has been prohibited. Thai authorities have adopted similar restrictions.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-20): Three Pagodas Pass Border Gate reopened after two-month closure The Three Pagodas Pass border gate to Thailand at Payathonzu Town in Kyainseikgyi Township, Karen State was reopened, to pedestrian traffic only, on 18 August 2024, after having been shut for two months. [...] The junta-aligned Democratic Karen Benevolent Army (DKBA) controls Kyainseikgyi Township in Karen State which includes the town of Payathonzu and the Three Pagodas Pass Border crossing.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-20): Myanmar, Thailand: Border closure at Three Pagodas Pass in Payathonzu as of June 20 [...] Separatist groups in Myanmar's Karen State are maintaining the closure of Payathonzu's Three Pagodas Pass border crossing with Thailand as of June 20, with a decision on when the crossing will reopen on June 22. This is due to the crossing allegedly not following existing trading laws; separatists say they seeking to restrict the illegal movement of goods. Thai officials have also closed their side of the border. Authorities will likely maintain heightened security measures around the Three Pagodas Pass, including setting up roadblocks and stationing additional personnel. Transport and business disruptions are likely. Businesses that transport goods through the checkpoint may face shipping delays.
Claim: Three Pagodas Pass is a territory of Thailand (Three Pagodas Pass, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-06): A supposed crackdown on cyber scam operations in Myawaddy Township has only masked their relocation, with the Kayin BGF and DKBA helping Chinese criminal syndicates set up shop farther south in Three Pagodas Pass. [...] In southern Kayin State’s Kyainseikgyi Township, near the border with Mon State, Payathonesu is named after the Three Pagodas Pass through the Tenasserim Hills that connects it to Thailand’s Sangkhla Buri town. [...] Like other towns and cities that have become scam hubs, the face of Three Pagodas Pass is changing, Khin Mar said.
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-05-13): Ukatnyy or Ukatny is an island in the northern Caspian Sea. It is located off the eastern end of the mouths of the Volga.[1][2] Ukatnyy Island is marshy. It has a length of 6.2 km and a maximum width of 4.3 km. It lies in an offshore oil producing area. Ukatnyy is a disputed island.[3] According to Russia administratively this island belongs to the Astrakhan Oblast of the Russian Federation, but Kazakhstan had assumed the island was part of its historical territory and includes it in its Atyrau Region.[4] Other disputed islands[5] near Ukatny are the following:
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Kazakhstan, or Kazakstan officially Republic of Kazakhstan, Country, Central Asia. Area: 1,052,084 sq mi (2,724,900 sq km). Population: (2024 est.) 20,485,000. Capital: Nursultan. Kazakhs, a Turkic-speaking people who are the region’s original inhabitants, make up more than half of the population; Russians constitute nearly one-third, as do small minorities of Ukrainians, Uzbeks, Germans, and others. Languages: Kazakh, Russian. Religions: Islam (mostly Sunni), Christianity. Currency: tenge. From the steppe and desert lands of western and central Kazakhstan, the terrain rises to high mountains in the southeast along the border with Kyrgyzstan and China. The highest point is Mount Khan-Tengri, at 22,949 ft (6,995 m). The country is intensively developed agriculturally, but much of the land area is used for pasture, with sheep and goats as the main livestock. Manufacturing includes cast iron and rolled steel; mining and oil drilling are also important. Kazakhstan is a unitary republic with a parliament consisting of two chambers; its head of state and government is the president, assisted by the prime minister. The area came under Mongol rule in the 13th century. The Kazakhs consolidated a nomadic empire in the 15th–16th century. Under Russian rule by the mid-19th century, it became part of the Kirgiz Autonomous Republic formed by the Soviets in 1920, and in 1925 its name was changed to the Kazakh Autonomous S.S.R. Kazakhstan obtained its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. After several years of economic troubles, it began a period of sustained growth.
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-05-13): Ukatnyy or Ukatny is an island in the northern Caspian Sea. It is located off the eastern end of the mouths of the Volga.[1][2] Ukatnyy is a disputed island.[3] According to Russia administratively this island belongs to the Astrakhan Oblast of the Russian Federation, but Kazakhstan had assumed the island was part of its historical territory and includes it in its Atyrau Region.[4] Other disputed islands[5] near Ukatny are the following: [...] References - ^ Mapcarta - Ostrov Ukatnyy - ^ NASA STS106-719-70 VOLGA DELTA, UKATNYY - ^ Gigantic Oil and Gas Deposits May Be Bones of Contention between Russia and Kazakhstan - ^ Kazakhstan’s border policy: Russian direction. Part 1 - ^ Moscow's Caspian Claim Built on Shifting Sands - ^ Geonames - Ostrov Zhestky - ^ Increasing the primary production of a bay on Maly Zhemchuzhny Island (North Caspian) by means of mineral fertilizers
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-12-16): Since December 10, two deputies from the Russian State Duma, the lower house of parliament, have described Kazakhstan's current territory as being a "gift" from Russia, echoing remarks by Russian President Vladimir Putin in 2014 that "Kazakhs never had any statehood" before the collapse of the Soviet Union in late 1991. [...] Nikonov said that when the Soviet Union was created in 1917, "Kazakhstan simply did not exist as a country, its northern territories were basically uninhabited," and that areas "further down south [in present-day Kazakhstan], most of the territories were basically given as a gift to [the Kazakhs] by the Soviet Union, by Russia." [...] Fedorov agreed completely with Nikonov’s statement that the territory of Kazakhstan was a "big gift from Russia."
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-06): European Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Europalyq Qazaqstan, Qazaqstannyñ europalyq bölıgı, Russian: Европейская часть Казахстана) is the western part of the territory of Kazakhstan. It is geographically situated in Europe, as opposed to the country's sparsely populated and vastly larger eastern part, which is situated in Central Asia. The Ural River divides Kazakhstan into two parts, bisecting the Eurasian supercontinent. European Kazakhstan geographically lies in Eastern Europe, with its area of over 148,000 square kilometres (57,000 sq mi), which makes Kazakhstan the 14th-largest country in Europe with a population of about 1 million. Two capitals of regions are located in European part of Kazakhstan — Uralsk and Atyrau. Area [edit]European Kazakhstan covers an area of over 148,000 square kilometres (57,000 sq mi), which puts Kazakhstan in 14th place in terms of territory in Europe (according to the Soviet classification of boundaries between Europe and Asia, 381,567 square kilometres (147,324 sq mi) and 7th place, respectively). The European part of Kazakhstan is located mainly on the Caspian Depression and the General Syrt upland. On the western and northern sides the territory of the Russian Federation, on the eastern side it is washed by the Ural River, on the south it is washed by the Caspian Sea and a small part of the Volga delta.
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-12-12): Central Asia, northwest of China; a small portion west of the Ural (Oral) River in easternmost Europe [...] National Social Democratic Party or NSDP [Zharmakhan TUYAKBAY] [...] Ult Tagdyry (Conscience of the Nation)
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): North Kazakhstan Region (Kazakh: Солтүстік Қазақстан облысы, romanized: Soltüstık Qazaqstan oblysy; Russian: Северо-Казахстанская область, romanized: Severo-Kazakhstanskaya oblast) is a region of Kazakhstan, with a population of 539,111. Its capital is Petropavl, with a population of 193,300 people. History [edit]During the 19th century, the territory of the region was home to several Middle Zhuz tribes, including Argyns, Kerei, and Kypshak. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the region underwent significant resettlement as a result of the opening of the Siberian railway and the Stolypin agrarian reform. As a result, Ukrainians became the majority population in the northern regions of Kazakhstan and the area was referred to as the "Grey Wedge."[6] [...] - Akkayin District, with the administrative center in the selo of Smirnovo;
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): Kazakhstan is a unitary republic with a bicameral legislature consisting of a Senate and an Assembly (Mazhilis). Working jointly, the two chambers have the authority to amend the constitution, approve the budget, ratify treaties, and declare war; each chamber also has exclusive powers. Legislators serve four-year terms. Two members of the Senate are elected from each oblast and major city by all legislative members of that administrative unit, with the exception of several appointed by the president. Ninety-eight members of the Assembly are elected from population-based constituencies by universal adult suffrage. [...] Kazakhstan possesses a small army, air force, and navy. During the Soviet period a vast nuclear arsenal was stationed in Kazakh territory. Kazakhstan ratified the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1993, however, and by 1995 it had dismantled or returned to Russia all of its inherited warheads. Since 1994 the country has been a full member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), a Russian-led military alliance closely associated with the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). [...] Housing, medical care, and other services are inadequate, despite large outlays by municipalities and the republic to keep up with the expanding population. Housing and other shortages exacerbate ethnic tension between Kazakhs, Russians, Uighurs, and other city dwellers, tensions that equitable distribution can partly alleviate.
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-28): Kazakhstan is a multinational and multicultural country with a vast territory. Kazakh culture is not only a mixture of nations but it has also inherited a lot from different nearby cultures including China, Mongolia and the other Turkic cultures (like Kyrgyzstan) and of course Russia. Despite such a blend of cultures, each different nation of Kazakhstan has carefully preserved its cultural traditions and customs. [...] The circular, felt-covered yurt is a potent image of Kazakh culture. Few Kazakhs now live in yurts, although they are still used by some animal herders who move their animals into summer mountain pastures. [...] The steppe landscapes, with their scent of wormwood and billowing waves of feather grass, are an enduring memory of a journey across Kazakhstan, even if the passage may at the time seem monotonous. As a summary, the steppe is the essence of Kazakhstan, its nature, its people, and its culture.
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-04-27): Template:Infobox settlement Ukatnyy or Ukatny is an island in the northern Caspian Sea. It is located off the eastern end of the mouths of the Volga.[1][2] Ukatnyy Island is marshy. It has a length of 6.2 km and a maximum width of 4.3 km. It lies in an offshore oil producing area. Ukatnyy is a disputed island.[3] According to Russia administratively this island belongs to the Astrakhan Oblast of the Russian Federation, but Kazakhstan had assumed the island was part of its historical territory and includes it in its Atyrau Region.[4]
Claim: Ukatnyy is a territory of Kazakhstan (Ukatnyy, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-06): Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia (with 4% of the country (108,996 km2) in Eastern Europe[1]). With an area of about 2,724,900 square kilometers (1,052,100 sq mi) Kazakhstan is more than twice the combined size of the other four Central Asian states and 60% larger than Alaska. The country borders Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan to the south; Russia to the north; Russia and the Caspian Sea to the west; and China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to the east. [...] Some 9.4 percent of Kazakhstan's land is mixed prairie and forest or treeless prairie, primarily in the north or in the basin of the Ural River in the west. More than three-quarters of the country, including the entire west and most of the south, is either semidesert (33.2 percent) or desert (44 percent). The terrain in these regions is bare, eroded, broken uplands (Upland and lowland), with sand dunes in the Qizilqum ("The Red Sands"; in the Russian form, Kyzylkum), Moyunqum (in the Russian form, Muyunkum) and Barsuki deserts, which occupy south-central Kazakhstan.