copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Document mentioning certain bizarre conditions under which Pakistan’s former PM Imran Khan was arrested. (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-12)
Evidence (2024-01-25): PTI, founded by former Prime Minister Imran Khan, is widely seen as possibly the country’s most popular political party. But Khan, a cricketing icon, has been imprisoned since August 2023 as he awaits trials over charges of corruption and leaking of state secrets – allegations he dismisses as being politically motivated. Since he lost a confidence vote in parliament in April 2022 and was forced out of power, Khan and his PTI have faced a crackdown. Tens of thousands of the PTI’s members were arrested and hundreds of leaders have quit the party – many under alleged pressure by the military. [...] On that day, thousands of PTI and Khan supporters came out on the streets to protest their leader’s arrest in a corruption case. While Khan was released after a brief detention, the rioters torched government buildings and military installations, resulting in a massive crackdown against the party and its supporters.
Claim: Document mentioning certain bizarre conditions under which Pakistan’s former PM Imran Khan was arrested. (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-12)
Evidence (2023-09-17): The protests are the latest chapter in a year-and-a-half-long political crisis roiling the country. In April 2022, the Pakistani military, with the encouragement of the U.S., helped organize a no-confidence vote to remove Prime Minister Imran Khan. Ahead of the ouster, State Department diplomats privately expressed anger to their Pakistani counterparts over what they called Pakistan’s "aggressively neutral" stance on the Ukraine war under Khan. They warned of dire consequences if Khan remained in power and promised "all would be forgiven" if he were removed. [...] After orchestrating Khan’s removal, the military embarked on a campaign to eradicate his political party through a wave of killings and mass detentions. Khan himself is currently imprisoned on charges of mishandling a classified document and facing some 150 additional charges — allegations widely viewed as a pretext to stop him from contesting future elections.
Claim: Document mentioning certain bizarre conditions under which Pakistan’s former PM Imran Khan was arrested. (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-12)
Evidence (2022-04-09): Imran Khan: What led to charismatic Pakistan PM's downfall Imran Khan has been ousted as Pakistan's prime minister after a vote of no confidence in parliament. But what led to his downfall? [...] Imran Khan's supporters blame global conditions, but public resentment against him has been rising. "The Sharifs might've filled themselves up, but at least they got work done," has become a common grumble.
Claim: Document mentioning certain bizarre conditions under which Pakistan’s former PM Imran Khan was arrested. (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-12)
Evidence (2024-03-27): Right outside the gates of the Masjid Munawara, a group of Pakistani men are eating at a curry takeout joint. They discuss former Pakistani prime minister Imran Khan — who they believe is doing the work of God and, hence, has been jailed by the corrupt elites. Abdul Bhai, a trader from Islamabad, tells me that it is probably one of the worst times to be a Muslim. "Look at what is happening in Pakistan, India, Palestine, Syria, and we are all leaderless ruled by these powerful Arabs who lick the feet of the Americans."
Claim: Document mentioning certain bizarre conditions under which Pakistan’s former PM Imran Khan was arrested. (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-12)
Evidence (2024-02-14): That outcome was a stunning turn for a party that has faced a months-long crackdown that began after Khan fell out with the military and was ousted from power nearly two years ago. That crackdown intensified after Khan was arrested last May, an act that prompted his supporters to overrun military installations, a once unthinkable act in a country where generals have ruled for nearly half of Pakistan's more than 76 years of independence. Khan is currently in prison serving multiple jail terms for four separate convictions: three of them were handed down a week before the elections. Pakistan's supreme court prevented his party from running in elections, forcing Khan's candidates to run as independents. Security forces hounded supporters trying to hold rallies. So Khan supporters turned to social media, holding events on TikTok.
Claim: Document mentioning certain bizarre conditions under which Pakistan’s former PM Imran Khan was arrested. (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-12)
Evidence (2024-01-30): Pakistan’s former prime minister Imran Khan has been sentenced to 10 years in jail for leaking official secrets, amid a crackdown on his political party before the general election due next week. [...] The legal proceedings were highly unusual, held not in a courtroom but in the prison in Rawalpindi where Khan was being detained. They were conducted behind closed doors, which Khan’s lawyers protested was unconstitutional. [...] After one failed attempt to put him behind bars, Khan was arrested in August after he was sentenced to three years in jail in a separate corruption case. A judge later suspended the sentence but Khan was kept in jail after further charges were brought against him relating to the missing diplomatic cable.
Claim: Document mentioning certain bizarre conditions under which Pakistan’s former PM Imran Khan was arrested. (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-12)
Evidence (2024-09-17): Speculation that former Prime Minister Imran Khan may be tried in a military court is stirring panic in Pakistan. [...] Speculation that Pakistan’s powerful military is paving the way for former Prime Minister Imran Khan to be tried in a military court is stirring panic in the country of 241 million. [...] His comments – which came after Pakistan’s defense minister said "there is ample evidence" against Mr. Khan which "points toward holding his trial in a military court" – sparked a crackdown by authorities, with security officials arresting several parliamentarians from the PTI. Some of these arrests were made on the premises of the National Assembly, which is illegal under Pakistani law, and represents an unprecedented breach of authority.
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2018-05-26): In an infographic uploaded on the 48 months’ website, the government made claims about India’s global standing in terms of FDI inflows. Here is a fact check of these claims.
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-09-02): FDI in India inflows over the last ten years The table below provides the FDI in India inflows over the past decade, with data sourced from UNCTAD. [...] Factors influencing FDI inflows are essential considerations for any nation seeking to attract and optimise foreign capital. The key factors affecting inflows of foreign investments in India include-
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-06-18): The total foreign direct investment inflow into India dropped to 70.9 billion U.S. dollars in financial year 2023. This was a one percent decline from last year. FDIs are an important driver of a country’s economy since they boost the job market, technical knowledge base and provide non-debt financial resources. In the case of a developing country like India, foreign investors find the lower job wages and government tax exemptions in FDI a lucrative offer for investments in the country. The Indian government has been actively working towards increasing FDI inflows through various policy and financial reforms in the investment processes. According to a UN report in 2022, India was ranked among the top 20 host economies for FDI inflows. The global FDI inflows for fiscal year 2022 aggregated to over one trillion U.S. dollars, out of which over six hundred billion dollars were from the developing Asian region, including India. [...] Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (India), Value of foreign direct investment inflows into India from financial year 2012 to 2021, with estimates for 2022 and 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/715539/india-fdi-inflow-amount-for-all-sectors/ (last visited October 09, 2024)
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-07-03): Leading economies for FDI inflows 2023, by country [...] FDI inflows in developing economies worldwide 2000-2022 [...] Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) in OECD countries and other major economies in 2022
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2011-01-03): Key information about India Foreign Direct Investment India Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 8.4 USD bn in Dec 2023, compared with an increase of 3.1 USD bn in the previous quarter. See the table below for more data. Explore the most complete set of 6.6 million time series covering more than 200 economies, 20 industries and 18 macroeconomic sectors.
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2010-11-01): Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a stable means of financing capital requirements of a growing economy and both developed and emerging economies have made major efforts for augmenting the information base on FDI at market value. In India, major advancements have been made in this regard with the implementation of the Co-ordinated Direct Investment Survey (CDIS) of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and compilation of Foreign Affiliate Trade Statistics (FATS). The empirical results from the analysis of key factors influencing FDI inflows indicate that trade openness, economic growth, market size, labour cost and capital account openness of the host countries are major determinants of FDI flows. [...] During the last decade, India focused on increasing FDI inflows and introduced a comprehensive FDI liberalisation strategy. During 2015, FDI rules were relaxed in 15 major sectors which include agriculture, civil aviation, construction, defence, manufacturing and mining. In 2016, direct investment regulations were amended further to encourage foreign investment in start-ups and liberalise the investment regime for foreign venture capital investors. During 2019, restrictions on foreign investment in single-brand retail trading, airlines and power exchanges were relaxed. In the beginning of 2020, FDI policy for e-commerce was liberalised in order to safeguard the interests of domestic offline retailers. [...] The reform made a positive foreign investment climate in India and helped in increasing growth in FDI inflows mainly due to strong investment in top three industry recipients viz., ‘manufacturing’, ‘communication’ and ‘financial services’. FDI inflows into India demonstrate increasing trend during 2014-15 to 2018-19 (Chart 4).
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2022-10-27): According to the World Investment Report released by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), India remained among the top 10 (India rank: 7) global economies for FDI last year, despite the decline in FDI. Read about the relevant facts presented by the report for the IAS Exam preparation. Key Findings of the WIR 2022 - UNCTAD World Investment Report (WIR) 2022 has ranked India at 7th rank among the top 20 host economies for 2021, in terms of FDI. [...] - The report states, "FDI to India has been on a long-term growth trend. Positive, albeit lower, economic growth in the post-pandemic period and India’s large market will continue to attract market-seeking investments to the country."
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2023-10-03): Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is the investment through capital instruments by a person resident outside India - (a) in an unlisted Indian company OR - (b) in 10 per cent or more of the post-issue paid-up equity capital on a fully diluted basis of a listed Indian company. [...] FDI inflows in India increased to $55.56 bn in 2015-16, $60.22 billion in 2016-17, $60.97 bn in 2017-18, and $62.00 bn (provisional figure) in 2018-19. India has attracted around $74 bn investments across sectors during 2019-20. [...] Foreign Direct Investment in India: Top Countries (2000-2019)
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2021-02-28): FDI Flows to India: Recent Trends, Challenges and Way Forward [...] The recent spurt in FDI inflows into India can be attributed to various factors, including several bold policy reforms and initiatives undertaken by the government over the last few years to enhance economic competitiveness and the ease of doing business in the country. Besides, political stability has also boosted the confidence of foreign investors. The most important policy reforms that had been pending for long but that were implemented by the government only in the recent past include the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST) regime and a significant cut in the corporate profit tax rate to 17% for new manufacturing firms and 25% for other firms. The reduction in the corporate tax rate has made India more attractive from a tax perspective and put the country on par with many counterparts in the Asian region.
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-09-10): The Indian government has implemented a range of policies and initiatives to enhance Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the country. Notable efforts include the "Make in India" campaign, which focuses on simplifying procedures and promoting a favourable investment climate across sectors. Liberalization of FDI policies, particularly in retail, defence, insurance, and single-brand retail trading, has been a key strategy. The Goods and Services Tax (GST) implementation has improved transparency, while Special Economic Zones (SEZs) provide dedicated spaces with tax incentives. India's FDI inflows reached record levels, at US$ 84.84 billion during 2021-22. Service sector, Computer software and hardware and Trading were the major receivers of FDI. As per the World Investment Report 2022, India held the eighth position among the primary global recipients of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) until the year 2020. With the help of significant transactions in the technology and health sectors, Multinational companies (MNCs) have pursued strategic collaborations with top domestic business groups, fuelling an increase in cross-border M&A of 83% to US$ 27 billion in 2020. According to the World Investment Report 2023, India emerged as the FDI powerhouse and secured the third-highest investment for the greenfield projects. The total amount of FDI inflows received during the last ten years (April 2014-June 2024) was US$ 725.96 billion. This FDI has come from more than 170 countries that have invested across 33 UTs and States and 63 sectors in the country.
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-06-20): FDI equity inflows distribution India FY 2024, by sector [...] FDI equity inflow amount for infrastructure industries India 2016-2023 Amount of foreign direct investment (FDI) equity inflows for the infrastructure sector in India from financial year 2016 to 2023 (in billion U.S. dollars)
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-06-18): (iii) At least 50% of total FDI brought in the first tranche of US $ 100 million, shall be invested in 'back-end infrastructure' within three years, where ‘back-end infrastructure’ will include capital expenditure on all activities, excluding that on front end units; for instance, back-end infrastructure will include investment made towards processing, manufacturing, distribution, design improvement, quality control, packaging, logistics, storage, ware-house, agriculture market produce infrastructure etc. Expenditure on land cost and rentals, if any, will not be counted for purposes of backend infrastructure. Subsequent investment in backend infrastructure would be made by the MBRT retailer as needed, depending upon its business requirements. [...] (ix) Retail trading, in any form, by means of e-commerce, would not be permissible, for companies with FDI, engaged in the activity of multi-brand retail trading. [...] 1.Andhra Pradesh 2.Assam 3.Delhi 4.Haryana 5.Himachal Pradesh 6.Jammu & Kashmir 7. Karnataka 8.Maharashtra 9.Manipur 10. Rajasthan 11. Uttarakhand 12. Daman & Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli (Union Territories)
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2022-05-27): Foreign Direct Investment Flows to India: Country-wise and Industry-wise [...] Foreign Direct Investment Flows to India: Country-wise and Industry-wise (US$ billion) [...] Total FDI 44.9 44.4 50.0 59.6 58.8
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-07-29): Recipients [edit]The World Investment Report 2020 by the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) said that India was the 9th largest recipient of FDI in 2019, with $51 billion of inflow during the year, an increase from $42 billion of FDI received in 2018, when India ranked 12 among the top 20 host economies in the world. In the " Development Asia" region, India was among top 5 host economies for FDI. The report said that global FDI flows are forecast to decrease by up to 40% in 2020, from their 2019 value of US$1.54 trillon. According to Financial Times, in 2015 India overtook China and United States as the top destination for the FDI. In first half of 2015 India attracted investment of $31 billion compared to $28 billion and $27 billion of China and US respectively. Data for 2019–2020 indicates that services sector attracted the highest FDI equity inflow of US$7.85 billion, followed by computer software and hardware at US$7.67 billion, telecommunications sector at US$4.44 billion, and trading at US$4.57 billion. [...] India was ranking 15th in the world in 2013 in term of FDI inflow, it rose up to 9th position in 2014[17][unreliable source?] while in 2015 India became top destination for foreign direct investment.[18] The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade and Invest India has developed the India Investment Grid (IIG) which provides a pan-India database of projects from Indian promoters for promoting and facilitating foreign investments.
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2023-05-05): UNCTAD's World Investment Report 2023 shows that, after a strong rebound in 2021, global foreign direct investment (FDI) fell by 12% in 2022 to $1.3 trillion. Explore the interactive chart below trends in FDI inflows and outflows in countries and regions between 1990 and 2022. See the latest data ananalysis in World Investment Report 2024.
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-10-09): India Foreign Direct Investment 1960-2024 [...] - India foreign direct investment for 2022 was $49.94B, a 11.66% increase from 2021. - India foreign direct investment for 2021 was $44.73B, a 30.51% decline from 2020.
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-06-20): The World Investment Report focuses on trends in foreign direct investment (FDI) worldwide, at the regional and country levels and emerging measures to improve its contribution to development. [...] Statistical annex with data on FDI flows and stocks at the country level. World Investment Report 2024: Weaker global flows show much work ahead for a more inclusive future
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-08-08): Trade in services Q1 2024
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-04-29): SDRS Per Currency Unit [...] Representative Rates for Selected Currencies [...] Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2019-06-25): Table 2. Chinese Data on Top Ten Sources of China's FDI Inflows to China: 1979-2017 ($ billions and percentage of total) [...] Table 3. Major Destinations of Chinese Nonfinancial FDI Outflows by Stock through 2017 ($ billions and percent of total) [...] Note: Ranked according to the top seven destinations of the stock of Chinese FDI outflows through 2017.
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2019-06-19): Since the mid-1990s, FDI has become the main source of external financing in developing countries and is now more than twice as high as official development assistance (Farla, de Crombrugghe and Verspagen, 2016). In the scientific literature, studies tend to show a positive correlation between FDI inflows and economic growth. In addition, it appears that FDI flows in developing countries are likely to stimulate domestic investment, create job opportunities, integrate local firms into global markets, increase wages, productivity and exports, and result in a transfer of technology, knowledge and management skills (see, for example, de Mello, 1997; Hirshhorn, 2015; Farla, de Crombrugghe and Verspagen, 2016; Rostami, Kalbfleisch and Xu, 2016; Pineli, Narula and Belderbos, 2019). However, mixed empirical results suggest that the benefits generated by FDI inflows depend on a number of factors, including the level of human capital and development of the financial system in the recipient country. That said, developing a strategy that fosters private investment in developing countries is an integral part of the international agenda to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Claim: India ranked 9th on the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in 2016 – World Investment Report 2017. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Overview and key findings [...] This year’s World Energy Investment report contains new analysis on sources of investments and sources of finance, making a clear distinction between those making investment decisions (governments, often via state-owned enterprises (SOEs), private firms and households) and the institutions providing the capital (the public sector, commercial lenders, and development finance institutions) to finance these investments. [...] Breakdown of DFI financing by instrument, currency, technology and region, average 2019-2022