copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Government has provided for integrated development and management of fisheries with an outlay of Rs. 3000 crores. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2020-05-27): The Fisheries Minister said that about 42 per cent of the total estimated investment of the PMMSY is earmarked for creation and upgradation of fisheries infrastructure facilities. Focus areas include Fishing Harbours and Landing Centers, Post-harvest and Cold Chain Infrastructure, Fish Markets and Marketing Infrastructure, Integrated Modern Coastal Fishing Villages and Development of Deep-sea Fishing. Besides creating critical fisheries infrastructure by attracting private investments in fisheries sector, the scheme plans to reduce post-harvest losses from the present high of 25 per cent to about 10 per cent by modernizing and strengthening value chain. Under the Swath Sagar plan, activities envisaged with a view to modernize the fisheries sector include promotion of Bio-toilets, Insurance coverage for fishing vessels, Fisheries Management Plans, E-Trading/Marketing, Fishers and resources survey and creation of National IT-based databases. [...] Foreseeing the huge scope for development of fisheries, the Prime Minister Mr Narendra Modi, in December 2014, had called for "a revolution" in the Fisheries sector and named it as "Blue Revolution". The Union Government has taken several initiatives to harness the potential of the Fisheries sector in a sustainable and responsible manner towards ushering the Blue Revolution in Fisheries as envisioned by the Prime Minister.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-07-19): The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recognises mono and diglycerides, the ingredients of Apeel’s Edipeel, as food substances generally recognised as safe. Hence, the claim made in the post is False.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2024-09-26): The product Apeel is yet another example of stupidity when it comes to the goodness of organic, regeneratively grown fruits and vegetables. [...] Your enquiry regarding approval for mono and diglycerides (Apeel application) on coatings on all fruits and vegetables has come through to me. [...] I’m grateful for the stores who have decided to not purchase produce coated in Apeel, I know that Costco USA have declared they will not purchase fresh produce coated in Apeel and I’m hoping Australian Costco will follow.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-04-26): However, many recent posts on social media, such as this post with more than 200 shares, claim: "The safety data sheet [for Apeel] says: "APEEL Hazard statements 318 Cause serious eye damage. [...] Lots of other posts we’ve seen online also share this safety information in relation to Apeel. [...] These safety warnings are for a completely different product—a hard surface cleaner, also called Apeel, produced by UK company Evans Vanodine.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-09-13): Apeel is derived from grapeseeds, another bit of savings as these are a "waste product" in producing wines and grape juice. Those seeds are chemically treated to provide purified mono and diglycerides, purified fats, which become the coating on those cucumbers. These purified fatty acids are widely used in foods as an emulsifier (allowing water and oils to mix), and the European Food Safety Organization (EFSA), often far tougher than US regulators, found: [...] Their objections to Apeel are with its chemical processing and the presence of trace amounts of heptane, ethyl acetate, and heavy metals, especially palladium, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and mercury. Heptane can be found in foods including duck, bacon, nectarines, and ethyl acetate in wine – Apeel has a small amount of each, equivalent to 10% of the allowed daily amount. [...] True, but incomplete. If you want to avoid monacylglycerides, skip the baked goods; that is where the most significant number is to be found. And for some odd reason, the Organic Consumer Association forgot to add this quotation, "the Panel concluded that there was no need for a numerical acceptable daily intake (ADI) and that the food additive mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids (E 471) was of no safety concern at the reported uses and use levels."
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-04-19): Apeel was founded in California in 2012 by James Rogers, who is still the company’s CEO, to reduce food waste. He started the company with a $100,000 research grant from the Gates Foundation. [...] The coating consists of purified monoglycerides and diglycerides, which the company said are edible compounds found in a variety of foods. They are extracted from the peels, seeds and pulp of plants by Apeel. Monoglycerides and diglycerides are commonly used as food additives in processed foods as emulsifiers. Far from being dangerous chemicals, monoglycerides and diglycerides are affirmed as "Generally Regarded as Safe" by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-05-30): IN SHORT: Facebook posts have claimed that produce labelled "Apeel" should not be eaten. But Apeel’s plant-based coating is safe and "designed to be consumed". [...] One of the claims includes a graphic that says these products are filled with "toxic mono & diglycerides" and that it will "kill you slowly". [...] "Apeel is composed entirely of purified monoglycerides and diglycerides, edible compounds that can be found in a variety of foods," Apeel Sciences says.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2021-01-20): Apeel is a company that has come up with an innovative way to eliminate single-use shrink wrap plastic packaging on fresh fruit and veg, while at the same time tackling food waste. Apeel is a layer of edible, plant-based coating applied to fresh products that mimics and enhances the natural defences of fruit and vegetables. This slows down the two main things that cause spoilage – water loss and oxidation. [...] All fruit and vegetables have a ‘peel’ to protect them from drying out and rotting. Apeel Sciences use the building blocks that exist in the peels, seeds, and pulp of all fruits and vegetables called lipids and glycerolipids. These natural substances keep moisture inside the food and keep oxygen out.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2018-06-21): As they do so, they build a kind of film that locks in moisture and repels oxygen. So Apeel has developed a substance, which they either spray on fruit or dip the fruit in, that exploits this relationship between lipid molecules you find naturally in fruits. "When we deposit them on a piece of produce and it dries, the result is that we form this special structure, this special barrier, which mimics that structure which is employed by longer shelf life produce," says Rogers. Apeel isn’t inventing a newfangled substance. It's using the plant kingdom’s own evolved defense against our trifecta of maladies. By coating produce with interacting molecules, they create a microclimate within the fruit to keep good actors in and bad actors out.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2022-02-25): Made from food grade ingredients, Apeel’s colourless, odourless, and tasteless technology is safe to eat. It is prepared as a powder and diluted with water prior to application. "Due to the versatility of Apeel, the product may be applied via a variety of approaches, including spray, dip, or brush on methods," noted the start-up. [...] "We are really excited to be working with Apeel – bringing the great work they’ve been doing globally to our UK customers," said Asda senior director Dominic Edwards.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-05-11): Apeel is an invisible coating made up of purified monoglycerides and diglycerides, edible fatty acids commonly found as natural compounds in the peels, seeds and pulp of fruits, vegetables and other plants. The company uses these food products, such as grape peel from a winery, and presses out an oil rich in the fat lipids, which it then turns into a colourless, odourless, and tasteless powder. Manufacturers simply need to add water and apply as a spray, a brush or as a dip. When applied on produce, this coating works to mimic the natural cuticle layer developed by many leaves, stems, fruits and flowers as a form of protection, the company says. Specifically, the ultra-thin protective coating locks oxygen and moisture inside, "dramatically" slowing the rate by which the produce spoils. [...] A safety sheet claiming to flag concerns about consuming Apeel-treated produce sparked concerns last month but – as it turned out – it was a case of mistaken identity with the information relating to a chemical surface cleaner with the same name. The Apeel used on fresh produce is made of fatty acids found in foods we already eat. "Apeel uses these plant lipids because they have a long history of safe consumption," says the company. [...] A spokesperson for the Soil Association said: "We understand Apeel contains E471 Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; this is not permitted under GB or EU organic regulation. So this would not be permitted for use on organic produce in Britain."
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-07-31): A social media post shared a photo of a food item with an Apeel label whose post description reads, ‘ DO NOT EAT ANYTHING WITH THIS LABEL!! This is a Bill Gates-founded company using toxic mono & diglycerides to make you SICK! ‘Let’s fact-check this post’s claim through this article. [...] Fact: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recognises mono and diglycerides, the ingredients of Apeel’s Edipeel, as food substances generally recognised as safe. Hence, the claim made in the post is False. [...] Mono- and diglycerides fall under the GRAS (Generally Recognised As Safe) classification of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Apeel also mentions the same on their website. A WHO report states,’ No harmful effects have been specifically associated with mono- or diglycerides. ‘ The Centre for Science in the Public Interest gave a ‘safe’ rating to Mono- and diglycerides. This evidence contradicts the viral claim that these compounds cause sickness.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-10-04): According to Apeel’s website, the purpose of using Apeel on produce is to reduce food waste by slowing down spoilage. Apeel is a coating sprayed onto produce after being picked. They claim it’s made of purified mono and diglycerides derived from sustainably sourced, non-GMO plant oils, with citric acid from organic produce. Note that Apeel can only be used on organic produce in the US but not in the EU or UK. [...] According to Apeel, their coating is completely safe: "The safety of mono- and diglycerides have a long history of safe consumption and are a commonly used food ingredient." While Apeel claims to be completely safe, non-toxic, and even tests for heavy metals, it’s important to note that according to Apeel’s GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) Notice by the FDA, states its edible coatings may have residues including ethyl acetate, heptane, palladium, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and mercury. However, Apeel can say their product is "safe" as the FDA concluded that the residues of these substances were below their required limits.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-05-02): According to a blog post the company published on Aug. 29, 2022, Edipeel consists of purified monoglycerides and diglycerides. Monoglycerides consist of a glycerol molecule and one fatty acid chain, while diglycerides have two fatty acid chains. According to a 2018 Healthline article, the two contain small amounts of trans fats, but a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ban does not apply to them. [...] "The dietary lipids which compose the ingredients in Apeel are not a source of trans fatty acids. Further, Apeel products have been analytically tested to confirm the absence of trans fats," said a blog post the company published on April 17, 2023, about Edipeel's safety. [...] The fact-check from the news organization did not say that. It instead found a safety document showing a cleaning product named Apeel could cause eye damage and allergic skin reactions. The product had no relation to Apeel Science or Edipeel.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2024-02-26): Accessed: June 25th, 2023 [iv] Apeel Sciences, FDA GRAS Notice 886, Mixture of monoacylglycerides derived from grape seed [...] [v] D’avila L.F., Dias V.T., Vey, L.T., Milanesi, L.H., Roversi, K., Emanuelli, T., …Maurer, H.L. (2017). Toxicological aspects of interesterified fat: Brain damages in rats. Toxicology Letters, 276, 122-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.05.020 [vi] Bendig, P., Maier, L., Vetter, W. (2012). Brominated vegetable oil in soft drinks – an underrated source of human organobromine intake. Food Chemistry, 133(3), 678-682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.01.058 [vii] Vorhees, C.V., Butcher, R.E., Wootten, V., Brunner, R.L. (1983). Behavioral and reproductive effects of chronic developmental exposure to brominated vegetable oil in rats. Teratology, 28, 309-318. https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420280302 [viii] Rarokar NR, Menghani S, Kerzare D, Khedekar B. Progress in synthesis of monoglycerides for use in pharmaceuticals. J Exp Food Chem. 2017 July; 3(3). https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/progress-in-synthesis-of-monoglycerides-for-use-in-food-andpharmaceuticals-2472-0542-1000128.pdf [ix] EFSA ANS Panel. Scientific opinion on the re-evaluation of mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids (E471) as food additives. EFSA Journal. 2017;15(11):5045. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.5045
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-11-21): "If you see the Apeel logo on any fruit and veg do not buy it, this is a Bill Gates and WEF company, this chemical makes things last 3x longer and cannot be washed off, in US and Canada at the moment," a tweet reads. [...] The coating consists of purified monoglycerides and diglycerides, which Du pointed out are also found in products such as infant formula; the compounds are designated by the Food and Drug Administration as a "generally recognized as safe", or GRAS, food additive. In the U.S., Apeel’s coating is used on products such as avocados and apples. Apeel’s website offers product safety information sheets.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2022-03-17): Mono diglycerides contain canola oil which are what causes me to react to.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-04-15): Apeel brags about its purified mono-and diglycerides, a food ingredient that is found in a variety of foods. According to Dr. Josh Axe, mono-and diglycerides are "the go-to replacement for deadly trans fats and a food industry staple that helps keep oil and fat from separating. (Vani) Hari (The Food Babe) explains that this additive is a byproduct of oil processing, including partially hydrogenated canola and soybean oils. This additive is a byproduct of oil processing which contains artificial trans fat – a danger food ingredient known to cause coronary heart disease and linked to 50,000 fatal heart attacks a year." (Side note: The FDA finally determined that trans fats are no longer generally recognized as safe for food use in 2016 and yet mono-and diglycerides are the "the go-to replacement." But they change the label from trans fats to mono-and diglycerides and then the FDA changes their tune. Interesting or predictable?) [...] In our home, we are very intentional about the foods that we eat and use from foods to products… we avoid seed oils, artificial food coloring, high fructose corn syrup, fast food, refined sugars, bleached flours, fragrances, cheap made-in-China toys, AirPods, plastics, flame retardants, PFAs and the list go on and on and on… which will now include Apeel, aka, mono-and diglycerides.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-12-22): You’ll find mono- and diglycerides on the ingredient lists of packaged and processed foods. They may go by other names, including: [...] Mono- and diglycerides contain small amounts of trans fat. They’re classified as emulsifiers and not lipids, so the FDA ban doesn’t apply to them. As trans fat is phased out, food companies may turn to mono- and diglycerides as low-cost alternatives. [...] Food products with mono- and diglycerides are also likely to be high in other fats, as well as refined sugar and flour.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2023-08-09): Cornucopia believes there should be more clarity in the regulatory process for organic materials. This is especially true for coating ingredients that require complicated extraction processes. The fatty acids (monoacylglycerides) in Apeel’s produce coatings are extracted from grapeseed oil. The extraction process uses catalysts and solvents (the procedure for extraction can be found in Apeel’s GRAS paperwork here). [...] Furthermore, mono- and diglycerides like those in Apeel products contain small amounts of trans fat. While mono- and diglycerides are considered safe, nutrition experts suggest limited intake – often by telling consumers to eat more whole foods like fresh fruits and vegetables! [...] Contact with toxic residues or substances: The sourcing and manufacture of edible coatings can leave toxic residues in the finished product. These levels are required to be below the FDA’s set limits, but there may be health risks associated with low-grade chronic exposure to residues and contaminants. According to Apeel’s GRAS Notice, its edible coatings may have residues including ethyl acetate, heptane, palladium, arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury. The FDA concluded that the residues of these substances were below their required limits.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2024-06-28): Monoglycerides and diglycerides are naturally present in certain seed oils such as grapeseed oil and cottonseed oil. However, concentrations are low and difficult to isolate. That’s why these compounds must be manufactured through a chemical reaction that starts with a triglyceride-containing animal fat or vegetable oil. The most commonly used vegetable oils are hydrogenated soybean or palm oils. Since Apeel’s formula is plant-derived, its mono- and diglycerides are manufactured from vegetable oil. High heat and an alkaline catalyst (glycerol) are utilized for the chemical reaction, rearranging the triglycerides into mono- and diglycerides. This results in a mixture of all three mono-, di-, and triglycerides. The next step is saponification and distillation in order to further isolate the mono- and diglycerides, removing the triglycerides, water content, and other impurities. [...] - Carcinogenic and toxic compounds from manufacturing process: In Apeel’s GRAS submission, the company discloses some of its industrial manufacturing process for its edible coating products. In order to manufacture the mono- and diglycerides which are the main ingredients of all Apeel products, there is toxic residue from ethyl acetate, heptane, palladium, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and mercury which are used in the extraction process of grapeseed leaves. These toxic compounds and solvents have been linked to a host of various health conditions.
Claim: Consuming food items containing the label of Apeel will cause sickness as they have toxic mono and diglycerides (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-07-19)
Evidence (2024-07-25): The monoglycerides and diglycerides in Apeel are naturally occurring in foods such as plant oils, fruit pulp, and some animal fats. They are also used as emulsifiers to prevent fat and water from separating in many processed food products such as ice cream, candy, dairy products, and sauces. [...] Walter Willett, a professor of epidemiology and nutrition at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, told Reuters that consuming monoglycerides and diglycerides isn’t concerning. "Our body makes these in large amounts as part of normal digestion," he said. He added that the amounts used in Apeel’s coating are "small anyway". [...] Viral posts claiming that Apeel, an edible plant-based coating that protects fruits and vegetables from spoiling, is unsafe to consume are inaccurate and misleading. Apeel doesn’t contain toxic ingredients. The product is made from glycerides extracted from grapeseed that are naturally present in certain foods and are recognized as a safe food additive in the U.S. and Europe.