copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-26): SL: There were a couple of reasons why I decided to leave, but the most important reason was family. I had an older sister who left for China when she was young, but she couldn’t return to North Korea because of the government’s policy. We had lived separately for 13 years, and there was no way for our family to reunite [except] to go to South Korea. Another reason was [being] born in a border city in Ryanggang province. I had many opportunities to observe what was taking place across the river in China. On the North Korean side, there’s no power, it’s completely dark, and the Chinese side is very bright. It raised many questions, and I started learning more about China and started a cross-border business. The business eventually expanded to a very organized business that enabled me to learn about North Korea’s society in comparison to China. Also during that time, the last part of my life in North Korea, I had an opportunity to work with a government agency, the Ministry of People’s Security, a police department. I saw corruption and the darkness of the North Korean [leadership].
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-15): Beijing's Koryo Tour said tourists could "potentially" visit other parts of North Korea in December. "Having waited for over four years to make this announcement, Koryo Tours is very excited for the opening of North Korean tourism once again," it said Wednesday on its website. [...] Pyongyang's propaganda says the mountain is where North Korea's founder Kim Il Sung battled Japanese occupation forces and launched the revolution. He is the grandfather of current president Kim Jong Un.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-07-05): When Yeonmi Park was a young girl in North Korea's Ryanggang Province, near the Chinese border, she went to her uncle's house to watch TV. But this wasn't the usual state-run broadcast praising the "Dear Leader." The movie she watched at her uncle's house was illegal. [...] Pearson says illicit media undermines the Pyongyang regime because even Hollywood movies like Titanic can be subversive. [...] In that time of crisis, when North Koreans could no longer rely on the state, signs of grass-roots capitalism emerged, Pearson says. Makeshift stands popped up around the country, where people traded goods and food.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-09-21): The three-day summit began Tuesday with thousands of North Koreans lining the streets of Pyongyang to welcome South Korean President Moon Jae-in on his first trip to North Korea. [...] Pyongyang is also likely to reiterate its demand for the withdrawal of U.S. troops from the peninsula, Paal said. North Korea has repeatedly said that the U.S. military presence in South Korea poses a threat to its regime. Currently, there are about 28,500 U.S. troops stationed in South Korea. [...] At the summit, South Korean Minister of National Defense Song Young-moo and First Vice Minister of People’s Armed Forces of North Korea No Kwang Chul signed a comprehensive military agreement to halt military exercises along the military demarcation line by Nov. 1 and remove 11 guard posts in the DMZ by year’s end.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-10-31): During his inspection of the factory, in Samjiyon County, Ryanggang Province, bordering China, Kim praised the county for "reaping a high yield in potato farming despite unusually unfavorable climatic conditions this year," KCNA reported. North Korea has been promoting the policy of "bringing about a revolution in potato farming" set by former leader Kim Jong-il in 1998. Commemorating the 20th anniversary of the policy, North Korea's party mouthpiece Rodong Sinmun on Oct. 1 highlighted Kim Jong-il and Kim Jong-un's focus on the drive "to settle the food issue of the people."
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-12-10): Hyaesan residents protest broken promises on housing "They were promised new apartments that are located near the Ryanggang Ilbo newspaper building, but the promise was reneged upon. The evicted residents were then ordered to move into another apartment...They are very angry about this."https://t.co/ctgPQ6Dmrh#NorthKorea #DPRK pic.twitter.com/8q7BWbrJOh — Daily NK/Unification Media Group (UMG) (@The_Daily_NK) November 7, 2018 Despite the strict prohibition on independent gatherings, there was a protest recently that occurred in Hyesan, Ryanggang Province. According to a report by DailyNK news outlet, on 6th November 2018, local residents began to protest after promises made to them around their housing failed to materialise. [...] According to a recent report on 13th November 2018, a soldier was imprisoned for complaining about military service, the state of military affairs and the policies of the Workers’ Party of Korea (WPK). Private Ri, who served in Kanggye, Changgang Province, was arrested and detained after his comments were reported to the Ministry of State Security. He has been sentenced to a year prison in a ‘disciplinary labour center’. The North Korean authorities regularly conduct surveillance over ordinary residents, but soldiers and party officials are monitored at a much higher level.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-12-09): Related: North Korea says war with U.S. is inevitable [...] Since then, life for many North Koreans outside the capital of Pyongyang has remained an impoverished and isolated existence. Even without a full oil ban, some experts say these people have suffered the most from the sanctions already imposed this year. [...] "The poorest people that you don't see in Pyongyang, and everyone outside the city, would be short of heating oil this winter. And the reverberations in national agriculture come spring, summer could be devastating."
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-10-24): Today’s daily Photojournalism Links collection highlights work from David Guttenfelder’s last assignment for the Associated Press, shot this summer. The photographs capture a fascinating road trip from the country’s capital Pyongyang to Mount Paektu further north, a place considered to be the birthplace of North Korea’s original revolution.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-07): The area around Hyesan city (Hyesan-si), the capital of Ryanggang province, has traditionally been a point through which many North Koreans cross or escape into China across the Yalu River. It is the second largest informal trade hub after Sinuiju city, North Pyongan province.69 Hyesan city is connected to Changbai county, Changbai Korean Autonomous County, through the Hyesan-Changbai border crossing. [...] Media also reported dozens of executions, party removals, and dismissals of government officials for corruption or failing to follow quarantine orders. A border guard in Hyesan city, Ryanggang province, reportedly was sentenced to three years of forced labor in June 2020 for conspiring with an informal trader to transfer two boxes (600 packs) of cigarettes to a Chinese trader.107 In January 2021, authorities reportedly put Hyesan city and Samjiyon city in Ryanggang province under lockdown due to smuggling activities.108 In February 2021, North Korean authorities reportedly also put Chasong county and Manpo county in Chagang province under lockdown for over a month because of informal trading and an incident in which a soldier and his girlfriend were shot and killed while trying to escape to China.109 [...] Several former traders from Ryanggang province who left North Korea after 2018 said that around 2018, they saw that rice and cooking oil sold in three different markets in Ryanggang province and in two markets in North Hamgyong province they visited were about 80 percent Chinese.158 However, other former traders from the southern provinces said in two locations they visited in South Pyongan province and Hwanghae province, over 90 percent of rice was North Korean and cooking oil was locally pressed in 2018.159
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-13): In January 2023, the government enacted the Pyongyang Cultural Language Protection Act, banning the use of language that is South Korean in style or appears to have foreign influence. The law criminalized communications "in the puppet language," a reference to the South Korean language style, setting punishments of six years or more of forced labor and even the death penalty in some cases. It also encourages the authorities to use public trials and executions to "awaken the masses." In March and April, authorities reportedly conducted public trials in Ryanggang province under the law. One trial targeted 17 young people for watching unsanctioned videos and using South Korean language. One leader of the group was sentenced to 10 years of forced labor. In another trial, 20 youth athletes were sentenced to three to five years of forced labor for using South Korean vocabulary. [...] In August, North Korean state media officially announced the reopening of its borders to citizens residing abroad after they were closed in January 2020. North Korea’s national airline restarted international flights, and the former North Korean ambassador to China returned to North Korea. In March, authorities allowed some Chinese diplomats to enter the country. However, humanitarian organizations and most diplomats remained unable to return. Informal trade activities stayed banned. Official trade by rail and waterways increased but remained lower than before the Covid-19 pandemic.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-26): "With cross-border smuggling still off limits, the prices of imported goods, including electronic devices, have been rising across the board in Hyesan," a source in Ryanggang province told Daily NK on Aug. 23, speaking anonymously. [...] High water levels have prevented the resumption of state-sanctioned smuggling, which the North Korean government had initially suspended. Higher water levels on the Yalu River make it very difficult to safely transport goods across the border from China to North Korea.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-03-11): Key Takeaways - Imagery shows that significant flood damage has occurred in North Korean territory nearest to the Tumen River and China-North Korea border debilitating an already severely vulnerable area. - The areas most affected by flooding, North Hamgyong Province and Ryanggang Province (Musan county, Yonsa county, Onsong county, and Hoeryong city), are already neglected by government policies. [...] Kim Jong-un is even reportedly avoiding visits to the flood-damaged region because of concerns about disease and his personal safety. Instead, Choe Ryong Hae has allegedly been sent to the inspect the region. The present conditions have prompted Pyongyang to request assistance from the international community and so far China has pledged 20 million yuan ($3 million dollars) to help with relief efforts. Requests for international aid will most certainly continue as conditions worsen this winter. Given the current political climate, and exacerbated by the increasing frequency of North Korea’s missile and nuclear tests, countries and non-profit organizations will have to make difficult decisions about how much disaster relief aid can be provided to help rebuild affected areas in the country.
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-09): Rason (formerly Rajin-Sŏnbong; Korean pronunciation: [ɾa.sʌ̹n, ɾa.dʑin.sʰʌ̹n.boŋ]) is a North Korean special city and ice-free port[3] in the Sea of Japan in the North Pacific Ocean on the northeast tip of North Korea. It is in the Kwanbuk region and location of the Rason Special Economic Zone. [...] Rason borders Hunchun county in Jilin province of China and Khasansky District in Primorsky Krai of Russia.[3] China is making investments in the port as it gives it access to the Sea of Japan.[3][7] In July 2011, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) gave a green light for China's domestic trade cargo to be shipped via its port of Rajin from northeast to east China.[8] Coal is shipped from nearby Chinese mines to Shanghai.[3] A casino by the sea caters to Chinese visitors.[9] Administrative divisions [edit]Rason is divided into two district (kuyŏk).[10]
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-30): The Government of the Republic of China, is the national authority whose actual-controlled territory consists of main island of Taiwan (Formosa), Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other island groups, collectively known as Taiwan Area or Free Area. A unitary state, the ROC government, under the current constitutional amendments, is run by a de facto semi-presidential system, consists of the presidency and five branches (Yuan): the Executive Yuan, Legislative Yuan, Judicial Yuan, Examination Yuan, and Control Yuan. The president is the head of state, with the premier as the head of government, currently ruled by the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) since 2016. Since the 2005 amendments of the Additional Articles of the Constitution, the Legislative Yuan has been the de facto unicameral parliamentary body of the country.
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-04): This is a list of the 34 provincial-level divisions of the People's Republic of China grouped by its former greater administrative areas from 1949 to 1952.
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-28): The special administrative regions (SAR) of the People's Republic of China are one of four types of province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China directly under the control of its Central People's Government (State Council), being integral areas of the country. As a region, they possess the highest degree of autonomy from China's central government. However, despite the relative autonomy that the Central People's Government offers the special administrative regions, the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee remains capable of enforcing laws for the special administrative regions. [3] The legal basis for the establishment of SARs, unlike the other administrative divisions of China, is provided for by Article 31, rather than Article 30, of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China of 1982. Article 31 reads: "The state may establish special administrative regions when necessary. The systems to be instituted in special administrative regions shall be prescribed by law enacted by the National People's Congress in the light of the specific conditions". [4] [5] [6] [7]
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-01-01): The administrative division of the People's Republic of China is as follows:
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-22): - ^ Most of the Guangdong is administered by the People's Republic of China, but the Republic of China governs Pratas Island as part of the Hainan special administrative region, which is currently administered by Kaohsiung City. [...] See also [edit]- Federalism in China - Administrative divisions of China - List of Chinese administrative divisions by GDP - List of Chinese administrative divisions by population - List of current Chinese provincial leaders - Regional discrimination in China - Tiao-kuai - Yangtze Delta - Zhou (administrative division) - Special administrative region (Republic of China)
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-07-27): This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC), including all provinces (except the claimed Taiwan Province), autonomous regions, special administrative regions, and municipalities, in order of their total land area as reported by the national or provincial-level government.
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-22): List of Chinese administrative divisions by area This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC), including all provinces (except the claimed Taiwan Province), autonomous regions, special administrative regions, and municipalities, in order of their total land area as reported by the national or provincial-level government. [...] - ^ "浙江" [Zhejiang] (in Chinese). The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. 11 April 2013. Archived from the original on 2016-04-27. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): Administrative divisions of China The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since ancient times, due to China's large population and geographical area. The constitution of China provides for three levels of government. However in practice, there are five levels of local government; the provincial (province, autonomous region, municipality, and special administrative region), prefecture, county, township, and village. [...] - ^ 中华人民共和国行政区划 [Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China], 15 June 2005, archived from the original on 2010-07-23, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Chapter II : Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Article 12, archived from the original on 2010-07-29, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Chapter II Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Macau Special Administrative Region, Article 12, archived from the original on 5 February 2012, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ "Hudong Wiki" (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2010-09-06. Retrieved 2010-09-04.
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-26): Administrative divisions of the Republic of China (1912–1949) The administrative divisions of China between 1912 and 1949 were established under the regime of the Republic of China government. [...] Administrative divisions published after 1949 [edit]After its loss of the mainland to the Communist Party in the Chinese Civil War and its retreat to Taiwan in 1949, the Nationalist Party continued to regard the Republic of China as the internationally recognized sole legitimate government of China. The jurisdiction of the Republic was restricted to Taiwan, the Penghu, and a few islands off Fujian, but the Republic of China has never retracted its claim to mainland China. Moreover, the Kuomintang government in Taiwan unilaterally overturned its recognition of Mongolia in 1953. Accordingly, the official first-order divisions of Republic of China remain the historical divisions of China immediately prior to the loss of mainland China and maps of China and the world published in Taiwan sometimes show provincial and national boundaries as they were in 1949, ignoring changes made by the Communist government and including Outer Mongolia (includes Tannu Uriankhai), Jiangxinpo (northern Burma/Kachin State), as part of the Republic. Until 1998, the authorities in Taiwan still published relevant maps.[2]
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-04-25): Provinces And Administrative Divisions Of China [...] Different from other first level governing divisions, the special administrative regions consist of separate Chinese territories. These regions fall under the rule of the central government though are not located within the Chinese mainland. They practice a more complete level of autonomy with their own governments, multiparty legislatures, currency, immigration policies, and legal systems (to name a few). This is called the One China, Two Systems principle. The two special administrative regions are Hong Kong and Macau. [...] Taiwan has an interesting background within the divisions of China and, like Hong Kong and Macau, China offered it a position as a special administrative region in 1981. The belief is that unifying Taiwan (whose real name is the Republic of China) with China (or the People’s Republic of China) would allow the People’s Republic of China to be the only representative of China. This confusion began in 1949 after the Chinese Civil War. This war, as mentioned, was between Kuomintang (the founder of the Republic of China) and the Communists (now the People’s Republic of China). Since then, two Chinas have existed.
Claim: Rasŏn administrative division is a territory of Republic of China (Rasŏn administrative division, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-01-18): Administrative divisions of the Republic of China (1912–1949) explained [...] The administrative divisions of China between 1912 and 1949 were established under the regime of the Republic of China government. [...] After its loss of the mainland to the Communist Party in the Chinese Civil War and its retreat to Taiwan in 1949, the Nationalist Party continued to regard the Republic of China as the internationally recognized sole legitimate government of China. The jurisdiction of the Republic was restricted to Taiwan, the Penghu, and a few islands off Fujian, but the Republic of China has never retracted its claim to mainland China. Moreover, the Kuomintang government in Taiwan unilaterally overturned its recognition of Mongolia in 1953. Accordingly, the official first-order divisions of Republic of China remain the historical divisions of China immediately prior to the loss of mainland China and maps of China and the world published in Taiwan sometimes show provincial and national boundaries as they were in 1949, ignoring changes made by the Communist government and including Mongolia, Jiangxinpo (northern Burma/Kachin State), and Tannu Uriankhai as part of the Republic. Maps and list of administrative divisions covering above places are currently published.