copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-31): Shalateen (Arabic: شلاتين Šalatayn, Egyptian Arabic: [ʃælæˈtiːn]; also spelled Shalatin and Shalatayn) is the biggest town in the Halaib Triangle, a disputed territory claimed by both Egypt and Sudan. It is located 520 km (320 mi) south of Hurghada and is controlled as the administrative center (markaz) of all Egyptian territory[citation needed] up to the border between Egypt and Sudan, including the villages of: [...] The first three of the above towns (Abu Ramad, Halayib and Ras Hadarba) are located within the disputed Hala'ib Triangle. [...] History [edit]Egyptian ministries and authorities are in the process of establishing their presence in the area and operate in conjunction with the City Council to provide services to the local communities according to the policies and programs of their respective organizations. The military is responsible for security and law enforcement in the Halayib Triangle. Red Sea Governorate's Popular Council, including many members from the Bishari tribe and the Ababda people, are responsible for determining what the local people need and supporting local participation in management and development of this area.[citation needed]
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-07-22): Halayib Triangle, also known as Hala’ib Triangle, is named after Halaib Town, a town located within the triangular region. The region, covering approximately 20,580 square kilometers, is created by the difference in the Egypt-Sudan border location between the 1899 political boundary established by the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and the 1902 administrative boundary set by the British. The political boundary runs along the 22nd parallel north, while the administrative boundary shifts northeastwards, creating the triangular region. However, the area only resembles a triangle; it is not a perfect triangle. There are two major towns in the Halaib Triangle; Abu Ramad and Hala’ib, of which both are located on the Red Sea coast. Because of the difficult living conditions in the triangle region, caused by extreme aridity and strict security measures, there is little economic activity in the region, with most settlers being nomads. However, the region is rich in natural resources, including manganese. Sudan considers the Halaib Triangle as part of its Red Sea State, while the Egyptians govern it as part of the Red Sea Governorate. [...] In 1998, Sudan and Egypt agreed to work together to resolve the border dispute. By 2000 Sudan had withdrawn its troops from the region, and Egypt took control of the border zone. Despite it withdrawing its troops, Khartoum insisted Halayeb Triangle is a Sudanese territory. However, the Egyptian government continues to administer and develop the area, including supplying electricity to Alshalateen.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-27): That was in 1899. Then, three years later, realising that the border drawn dead straight from east to west had failed to take into account the ethnic makeup of the area, Britain pencilled in a new boundary. The 1902 amendment brought the region of Hala’ib on the Red Sea under Sudan’s control. Bir Tawil meanwhile, was transferred to Egypt. Given that Hala’ib was a coastal region of potentially significant mineral wealth, whilst Bir Tawil was little more than an arid desert, Cairo refused to acknowledge the new boundary and the material losses it would entail. More than 120 years later, both states still loudly assert sovereignty over Hala’ib, leaving a permanent scar across their bilateral relations. Correspondingly, neither country can make a claim to Bir Tawil, as to do so would contradict the right to administer Hala’ib. It renders this 800 square mile triangle in the Nubian Desert a diplomatic Terra Nullius, land which no state claims and no nation on Earth seems to want. [...] Egypt and Sudan both formally gained their independence from the UK in 1956. Their relations over much of the next 50 years were centered on a common reliance on the Nile for their water supply, but the border dispute over Hala’ib and, by extension, Bir Tawil, remains a sensitive issue; Sudan reluctantly withdrew its military from the region only in 2000. The wider region too is stalked by political instability. It has derailed efforts to build infrastructure on the land before.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Halaʾib Triangle geographic area, Egypt–Sudan [...] Egypt - In Egypt: Land of Egypt …notable for two areas, the Ḥalāʾib Triangle along the Red Sea and Biʾr Ṭawīl further inland, that are subject to differing claims by the two countries (see Researcher’s Note). In the north its Mediterranean coastline is about 620 miles (1,000 km), and in the east its coastline on the Red…
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-01-24): The territorial dispute arises out of the discrepancy between the political boundary set by the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium Agreement of 1899, which runs along the 22d parallel, and the administrative boundary established by the British in 1902, which assigned the area of Halayeb Triangle, which is north of the 22d parallel, to Sudanese administration. (At the time Great Britain controlled both Egypt and Sudan.) When Sudan became independent in 1956, it defined its borders according to the 1902 boundary while Egypt adhered to the 1899 boundary. In 1958, when Sudan planned to hold elections in the area, Egypt sent in troops, but subsequently the territory was jointly controlled. Sudan's plans for oil exploration off the area's coast led to tensions in the 1990s, and oil exploration was not undertaken. In 2000 Sudan withdrew all forces area, ceding de facto control to Egypt, but Sudan continues to claim the territory.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-01-12): Hala’ib Triangle border dispute The Hala’ib Triangle is an area of land of just under 20,500 square kilometres on the Egyptian-Sudanese border, which both countries have claim over since Sudan gained independence from Britain in 1956. In the 1990s, Egypt deployed its military in the territory, but, in the following two decades, the dispute was somewhat frozen. [...] Meanwhile, in what may have been a response to Sudan’s renewed claims over the Hala’ib Triangle, as well as fears that Turkey is expanding its influence in the region, Egypt sent hundreds of its troops to a UAE base in Eritrea, on the border with Sudan.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-29): Hala’ib Triangle and Bir Tawil Trapezoid FCDO advises against all but essential travel to the Hala’ib Triangle and Bir Tawil Trapezoid. The Hala’ib Triangle remains disputed territory between Egypt and Sudan. If you’re in the Hala’ib Triangle and need urgent UK government support, contact the British Embassy in Cairo.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2013-04-06): Rumours surrounding a proposed deal between President Mohamed Morsi and his Sudanese counterpart Omar Al-Bashir over the disputed Hala’ib triangle circulated on the internet and in various media outlets on Saturday. The rumour claims that during Morsi’s visit to Sudan, he promised to do his utmost to return the Hala’ib territory to the Sudanese. [...] The Freedom and Justice Party (FJP) meanwhile published a map and a brief modern history of Egypt on their Facebook page late on Friday, which had the Hala’ib triangle marked as belonging to Sudan. [...] The area known as the Hala’ib triangle is a small area along the Egypt-Sudan border which has been a point of dispute for over six decades. Under British administration the Sudan-Egypt border was drawn up on the 22nd parallel in 1899. Sudan was given the Hala’ib area north of the border to use for farming while Egypt was given Bir Tawil, a small area south of the border, to administer in 1902.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-06-24): Today, both countries lay claim to the Hala'ib Triangle since it is a large territory and borders the Red Sea. The problem comes from the intersection of the two borders at the Bir Tawil Triangle (actually a trapezoid). By claiming the original 1899 border to get Hala'ib, Egypt makes no claim on Bir Tawil which lies south of this border. Sudan pursues Hala'ib by claiming the 1902 border which leaves Bir Tawil as Egyptian territory. So in their pursuit of larger gains, each country makes no claim on the secondary territory. No other country can claim it as it is landlocked between Egypt and Sudan. There was a third territory adjusted in the 1902 adjustment called the Wadi Halfa Salient. That adjustment was made to assign several villages to Sudan who were better able to manage them from the South. Although the border remains, there is no territorial interest here as the villages now lie under the waters of the (manmade) Lake Nassar.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-12-23): Hala’ib and Shalateen, or the Hala’ib Triangle, is an area of land measuring 20,580 square kilometers, located at the Egyptian-Sudanese border on the Red Sea coast. It is part of the Red Sea governorate and consists of three major towns – Hala'ib (which became a city in February 2014), Abou Ramad and Shalateen. [...] According to Al Arabiya Institute for Studies, the Sudanese administration of Hala'ib and Shalateen was temporary and neither grants Sudan the right to rule the area, nor denies Egypt's sovereignty over any part of the territory. [...] The largest tribes inhabiting the Hala'ib Triangle, including Rashaida, Alababdeh and Bashaira, who rejected the Sudanese National Election Commission's decision granting people in Hala'ib the right to participate in Sudanese general elections. The three tribes asserted during their participation in the 6th October War victory celebration in 2009 that the area is 100 percent Egyptian.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-15): - SGAA - Halaib Triangle - Halayeb Triangle - Ḥalāyib Triangle - Halayib Triangle - Sudan Government Administration Area - مثلث حلايب السودانيه [...] Halaib Triangle 0 references Halayeb Triangle 0 references
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2010-04-05): Islamic Republic of Hala'ib Triangle The Islamic Republic of Hala’ib Triangle is a micronation founded on 5 April 2010 as Hala'ib Triangle Islamic State. It claims the area between Egypt and Sudan known as the Hala’ib Triangle. The name surges from the given name to the territory, "Hala'ib" triangle, which surged multiple times after finally adopting the name "Hala'ib"
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-01-05): Bir Tawil is a quadrangle shaped area squeezed between Egypt and Sudan. While the name means ‘tall water well’ it has a desert climate. This territory is one of very few places in the world that is left unclaimed. It got this terra nullius status after the British drew new borders in 1899, which they later redrew after taking tribal settlements into consideration. Egypt recognises the original border which places the Hala'ib Triangle within Egypt and the Bir Tawil area within Sudan, but Sudan recognizes the 1902 border, which does exactly the opposite. The result is that both states claim the Hala’ib Triangle and neither claim Bir Tawil. The area has been spoken about by several as a new micronation, but none of the efforts gained any real foothold.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-11-16): Hala’ib, Bir Tawil, and Wadi Halfa: Egypt; Sudan The boundary dispute between Egypt and Sudan results from claims along differing colonial administration lines. The dispute involves three areas. The Hala’ib triangle and the Wadi Halfa salient are controlled by Egypt and claimed by Sudan. Bir Tawil, though it is de facto part of Sudan, lies between their opposed claim lines.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-01-01): Summary/Abstract: The subject of this article is the analysis of the contemporary situation in the area of four border territories of Sudan: Hala’ib Triangle, Bir Tawil, Darfur and Abyei. The main aim of this article is to define the influence of selected border disputed territories on the contemporary functioning of the Sudanese states. The author analyses the contemporary situation of Darfur, the Hala’ib Triangle, Bir Tawil and Abyei, referring to the division of borders and subordination of the territory.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-04-10): In addition, the Eastern Front, a coalition of Sudanese rebels, states that it claims the Halayeb Triangle as Sudanese because the people there are more ethnically related to Sudan. In 2010 the Sudanese President Omer Hassan Al-Bashir said, "Halayeb is Sudanese and will stay Sudanese" (Sudan Tribune, 2010). In April 2013 there were rumors that Egypt’s President Mohamed Morsi and Sudan’s President Al-Bashir had met to discuss a compromise of control over the Halayeb Triangle and the possibility of giving control of the region back to Sudan (Sanchez, 2013). Egypt denied those rumors however and claimed that the meeting was simply to strengthen cooperation between the two nations. Thus, the Halayeb Triangle still remains in Egypt’s control while Sudan claims territorial rights over the region. Geography, Climate, and Ecology of the Halayeb Triangle The Halayeb Triangle is located on the southern border of Egypt and the northern border of Sudan. It covers an area of 7,945 square miles (20,580 square kilometers) and has coastlines on the Red Sea. The area is called the Halayeb Triangle because Hala’ib is a large city within the region and the area is shaped roughly like a triangle.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-03-19): The Hala'ib Triangle (مثلث حلايب in Arabic, transliterated Muthāllath Ḥalāʾib) is an area of land measuring 20,580 square kilometres (7,950 sq mi) located on the Red Sea's African coast. The area, which is named after the town of Hala'ib, is created by the difference in the Egypt–Sudan border between the "political boundary" set in 1899 by the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium, which runs along the 22nd parallel north, and the "administrative boundary" set by the British in 1902, which gave an area of land north of the line to Sudan. When Sudan became independent in 1956, both Egypt and Sudan claimed sovereignty over the area. After Egypt sent military units to the Hala'ib Triangle in the 1990s, as part of a greater movement by the Egyptian government to solidify its presence in Africa, following the 1995 attempted assassination of then-Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Egypt has controlled the area as part of the Red Sea Governorate, and has been actively investing in it.[1] Today the United Arab Emirates is also a active investor along with Egypt in the area.[2] The area is not shaped like a triangle—it is actually a complicated polygon. Only the southern 290 kilometres (180 mi) border is a straight line. A smaller area, called Bir Tawil, touches the Hala'ib Triangle at its westernmost point. Bir Tawil is not claimed by either Sudan or Egypt.[3]
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-05-15): The roots of the Halayeb Triangle dispute go back over a century. In 1899, the British Empire decided to demarcate the borders between Egypt and Sudan, both of which were under its protection. It picked the 22nd parallel as the separation line between the two administrative units, with the territory in question falling on what is now Egypt’s side. However, in 1902, the minister of interior responsible for both regions decided to give the Halayeb Triangle to the Khartoum administration for reasons related to the cultures of the tribes of that region. This decision is the basis for Sudan’s modern claims to the territory. Meanwhile, Egypt is holding on to the 1899 agreement, and dismisses the 1902 decision as a merely administrative one that never overruled the former.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-06-11): Southwest of the Halayeb triangle, on the Sudanese side of the 1899 boundary, is another territory, Bir al-Tawil, over which neither Egypt nor Sudan has asserted sovereignty. The reason for this is that Egypt’s recognition of the 1899 boundary precludes it from recognizing Bir al-Tawil as Egyptian, while Sudan’s recognition of the Fahmy boundary precludes it from recognizing Bir al-Tawil as Sudanese. A main motive for the dispute over the Halayeb triangle is that the territory is rich in natural resources, in particular manganese. Manganese is used in the iron and glass industries and as a fertilizer. An Egyptian governmental study estimated that Halayeb’s manganese reserves exceed 700,000 tons, and the state has shown an interest in exploiting them.37 Furthermore, Egypt is looking into whether oil and gas reserves are present in waters offshore from the triangle, another of the reasons behind its conflict with Sudan over the territory.38 In contrast, Bir al-Tawil is very arid and poor in resources, making it difficult for people to reside there. This explains why neither country is keen to assert sovereignty over it.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): On the 10th of March 2019, the Egyptian, South Valley Egyptian Petroleum Holding Co offered ten gas and oil exploration blocks for sale in the Red Sea through a tender, set to close for bids on the 1st August. Several of the blocks offered are located within the boundaries of the contested Hala’ib Triangle. Simultaneously, the head of the Transitional Military Council (TMC) in Sudan has just completed his first visits abroad to Egypt and the UAE, the two states most invested in the Hala’ib Triangle. Both of which have offered their support for the TMC. The dispute is rooted in the former colonial administration of the area. When the United Kingdom administrated the area, it set the political boundary between the two states at 22°N latitude under the Anglo-Egyptian Agreement for Sudan in 1899 which ensured Egyptian claim to the Hala’ib Triangle. In 1902, the British drew a new administrative border between the two which gave Egypt a piece of land known as Bir Tawil and Sudan the Hala’ib Triangle.
Claim: Hala'ib Triangle is a territory of Sudan (Hala'ib Triangle, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-03-21): Egypt's occupation of the Halayeb Triangle, which lies in a mineral-rich border region of the Red Sea, has been a bone of contention for years between Cairo and Khartoum despite an overall improvement in ties since an October summit. [...] "Announcing four of those blocks inside the Sudanese territory of Halayeb is a direct intrusion into Sudan's oil and gas ministry's authority of granting licenses for such explorations in this area," Bushra said. [...] The Halayeb triangle, which is controlled by Egypt, has been claimed by Sudan since the 1950s.
Claim: Navassa Island is a territory of United States (Navassa Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-19): Haiti protested the annexation, but on July 7, 1858, U.S. President James Buchanan issued an Executive Order supporting the American claim, which also called for military action to enforce it. Navassa Island has since been maintained by the United States as an unincorporated territory (according to the Insular Cases). The United States Supreme Court on November 24, 1890, in Jones v. United States, 137 U.S. 202 (1890), Id. at 224, found that Navassa Island must be considered as appertaining to the United States, creating a legal history for the island under U.S. law, unlike many other islands originally claimed under the Guano Islands Act. Haiti's 1987 constitution maintains its claim to the island,[14] which is considered part of the department of Grand'Anse.[15] [...] - ^ An America Territory in Haiti, Posted September 29, 2011, CNN iReport - ^ Serge Bellegarde (October 1998). "Navassa Island: Haiti and the U.S. – A Matter of History and Geography". windowsonhaiti.com. Archived from the original on October 29, 2007. Retrieved February 6, 2008.
Claim: Navassa Island is a territory of United States (Navassa Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-01-26): Navassa Island[dead link] is an uninhabited island in the Caribbean that is administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior of the United States of America as a National Wildlife Refuge. The island is also claimed by Haiti. It lies about one-quarter of the way from Haiti to Jamaica. [...] History [edit]This uninhabited island was claimed by the U.S. in 1857 for its guano, and mining took place between 1865 and 1898. In the 19th and early 20th century guano (a product originating from bird feces on limestone that is used as fertilizer and a basis for explosives) was so important that the US passed the Guano Islands Act allowing any US citizen to claim any island, not previously claimed by another nation, for the US if Guano deposits were to be found there. Navassa Island is just one of many islands and islets that entered US possession due to this curious piece of legislation, that is still in force. A 46-metre (50 yd) tall lighthouse was built in 1917, on the southern side of the island. The Coast Guard ceased operations and maintenance of Navassa Island Light in September 1996. After the lighthouse was shut down administration of Navassa Island transferred from the Coast Guard to the Department of the Interior. A 1998 scientific expedition to the island described it as a unique preserve of Caribbean biodiversity; the following year it became a National Wildlife Refuge. [...] Fees and permits [edit]Navassa Island is closed to the public. Visitors need permission from the Fish and Wildlife Office before entering the territory.
Claim: Navassa Island is a territory of United States (Navassa Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-05-05): Navassa Island: The U.S.’s 160-year Forgotten Tragedy [...] In his 1956 book Advance Agents of American Destiny, diplomatic historian Roy F. Nichols noted,"In this humble fashion, the American nation took its first step into the path of imperialism; Navassa, a guano island, was the first noncontiguous territory to be announced formally as attached to the republic." None have been under U.S. administration for a longer time. [...] Another man involved in the operation, a Cuban exile who asked not to be identified, said he was on the trawler where the virus was put aboard at a rendezvous point off Bocas del Toro, Panama. He said the trawler carried the virus to Navassa Island, a tiny, deserted, U.S.-owned island between Jamaica and Haiti. From there, after the trawler made a brief stopover, the container was taken to Cuba and given to other operatives on the southern coast near the U.S. Navy base at Guantanamo Bay in late March, according to the source on the trawler.