copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Taiwan is a territory of Republic of China (Taiwan, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-26): Lin Jian: The Taiwan question concerns China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. It is the political foundation of China-Japan relations and a red line that must not be crossed. The Chinese military has handled in accordance with laws and regulations the entering into the Taiwan Strait of a Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force vessel. China is highly vigilant on Japan’s political intention behind this move and has protested to the Japanese side. Japan made a clear commitment on this in the 1972 China-Japan Joint Statement, which says "The Government of Japan recognizes the Government of the People’s Republic of China as the sole legal Government of China. The Government of the People’s Republic of China reiterates that Taiwan is an inalienable part of the territory of the People’s Republic of China. The Government of Japan fully understands and respects this position of the Government of the People’s Republic of China, and it firmly maintains its position under Article 8 of the Potsdam Proclamation." We urge Japan to honor its commitment and act prudently on the Taiwan question, and refrain from causing disruption to its relations with China and peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait. [...] Lin Jian: China handles foreign warships’ transit through the Taiwan Strait in accordance with laws and regulations, and meanwhile we stay vigilant against any acts that might jeopardize China’s sovereignty and security.
Claim: Taiwan is a territory of Republic of China (Taiwan, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-04-18): Skip to main content ROC Embassies and Missions Abroad 中華民國駐外單位網站連結 中文 East Asia and Pacific
Claim: Taiwan is a territory of Republic of China (Taiwan, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-11-20): Taiwan is part of the sacred territory of the People’s Republic of China. It is the sacred duty of all the Chinese people, including our fellow Chinese in Taiwan, to achieve the great reunification of the motherland. [...] All foreign enterprises, other foreign economic organizations and Chinese-foreign joint ventures in the territory of China shall abide by the law of the People’s Republic of China. Their lawful rights and interests shall be protected by the law of the People’s Republic of China. [...] Article 32 The People’s Republic of China shall protect the lawful rights and interests of foreigners in the territory of China; foreigners in the territory of China must abide by the law of the People’s Republic of China.
Claim: Taiwan is a territory of Republic of China (Taiwan, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-02-09): The past year saw yet more heated debate over definitions of what "one China" means. Beijing asserts that there is widespread international acceptance of and agreement with its "one China principle," which sees Taiwan as part of a Chinese state represented by the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The PRC accuses the United States of departing from what it claims is Washington’s long-standing acceptance of the PRC position, given U.S. efforts to improve cooperation and contact with Taipei. In reality, the United States’ "one China policy" states that Washington does not take a position on Taiwan’s sovereignty and merely "acknowledges" the existence of a Chinese position even as Washington officially recognizes the PRC as the government of China. The United States reserved the right to maintain unofficial relations with Taiwan as it sees fit. Taipei’s official position is that it is already independent as the Republic of China (Taiwan), whose jurisdiction covers Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other outlying islands. [...] There is but one China in the world, Taiwan is an inalienable part of China’s territory, and the Government of the People’s Republic of China is the sole legal government representing the whole of China.
Claim: Taiwan is a territory of Republic of China (Taiwan, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-08): China sees self-ruled Taiwan as a breakaway province that will eventually be under Beijing's control - and has not ruled out the use of force to take the island. [...] The Chinese Communist Party points to this history to claim Taiwan. But the Taiwanese point to the same history to argue that they were not part of the modern Chinese state that was first formed after the revolution in 1911 - or the People's Republic of China that was established under Mao in 1949. [...] Taiwan sits in the so-called "first island chain", which includes a list of US-friendly territories that are crucial to Washington's foreign policy in the region.
Claim: Taiwan is a territory of Republic of China (Taiwan, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-03-18): The South China Sea Islands are part of the territory of the Republic of China. That the ROC is entitled to all rights over the South China Sea Islands and their relevant waters in accordance with international law and the law of the sea is beyond dispute. [...] The government will firmly safeguard the ROC’s territorial sovereignty in the South China Sea, as well as the rights over relevant waters it is entitled to under international law and the law of the sea. It will not renounce its sovereignty or legal rights. Not only is Taiping Island part of ROC territory, it is also an important base from which Taiwan makes concrete contributions to regional peace and stability. On July 19, 2016, President Tsai Ing-wen put forth four principles and five actions pertaining to issues in the South China Sea.
Claim: Taiwan is a territory of Republic of China (Taiwan, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-08): Why China-Taiwan Relations Are So Tense - Taiwan has been governed independently of China since 1949, but Beijing views the island as part of its territory. Beijing has vowed to eventually "unify" Taiwan with the mainland, using force if necessary. [...] Taiwan, officially known as the Republic of China (ROC), is an island separated from China by the Taiwan Strait. It has been governed independently from mainland China, officially the People’s Republic of China (PRC), since 1949. The PRC views the island as a renegade province and vows to eventually "unify" Taiwan with the mainland. In Taiwan, which has its own democratically elected government and is home to twenty-three million people, political leaders have differing views on the island’s status and relations with the mainland.
Claim: Taiwan is a territory of Republic of China (Taiwan, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-10-03): HomeOffice of the SpokespersonPress Releases...Increasing People’s Republic of China Military Pressure Against Taiwan Undermines Regional Peace and Stability hide Increasing People’s Republic of China Military Pressure Against Taiwan Undermines Regional Peace and Stability [...] The United States is very concerned by the People’s Republic of China’s provocative military activity near Taiwan, which is destabilizing, risks miscalculations, and undermines regional peace and stability. We urge Beijing to cease its military, diplomatic, and economic pressure and coercion against Taiwan.
Claim: Taiwan is a territory of Republic of China (Taiwan, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-04): The territory of the Republic of China according to its existing national boundaries shall not be altered except by resolution of the National Assembly. [...] All land within the territory of the Republic of China shall belong to the whole body of citizens. Private ownership of land, acquired by the people in accordance with law, shall be protected and restricted by law. Privately-owned land shall be liable to taxation according to its value, and the Government may buy such land according to its value. [...] Within the territory of the Republic of China, all goods shall be permitted to move freely from place to place.
Claim: Taiwan is a territory of Republic of China (Taiwan, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2004-02-01): China Trade & Investment Summary
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-20): Political dispute [edit]Despite the controversy over the political status of Taiwan, both the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China agree that Penghu is a county in (their own respective) "Taiwan Province" (Taiwan Province, Republic of China and Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China). Yet, geographically, the island of Taiwan does not include Penghu, although it is closer to Taiwan than mainland China. Thus, Penghu is listed separately from "Taiwan" in some contexts, e.g. the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu (the official WTO name for the Republic of China) and in the Treaty of Shimonoseki, the Cairo Declaration, and the Treaty of San Francisco.[53][54][55]
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-07-25): Commonly shortened simply to "Penghu," this is a wide-flung archipelago of low-lying islands in the Taiwan Strait’s mid-section. Locals describe their home as "pearls scattered on the turquoise sea." The sun shines so constantly and intensely here, and the shallow turquoise waters coruscate so brilliantly, it’s said that Penghu has two suns – one in the sky, the other in the water. [...] Penghu is home to about 600 well-preserved stone weirs, an ancient fishing device, likely the highest concentration in the world. Walls of stacked rocks are created in intertidal zones; fish swim in when the tide is in, and are trapped when it goes out. When seen from high vantage points the weir clusters remind many of the Nazca Lines, especially when just under the water’s surface. Jibei has Penghu’s largest stone weir collection, with over 80. The best viewing spot is the island’s north tip – there are a number of the archipelago’s iconic heart-shaped fish traps here, and access is easy for up-close inspection at low tide (be sure to first check the tide schedule at the harbor’s visitor center). [...] For further information on these and other related Penghu-adventuring practical subjects, visit the Penghu National Scenic Area website (www.penghu-nsa.gov.tw) and Penghu County Government website (www.penghu.gov.tw).
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-07-10): China has little choice but to capture or suppress Penghu before invading Taiwan proper. Taiwanese forces on the archipelago operate a long-range radar plus Hsiung Feng II anti-ship cruise missiles and Sky Bow III surface-to-air missiles. If a Chinese invasion fleet bypassed Penghu without destroying its garrison, the fleet would be subject to missile strikes at its flanks. [...] To be clear, Beijing has the power to take Penghu. China’s navy possesses an amphibious flotilla with eight modern assault ships and dozens of large landing craft. China’s marine corps is tens of thousands strong. The Chinese air force and rocket force could bombard Penghu with literally thousands of bombs and missiles. [...] Penghu embodies that risk. Capturing the island could clear the way for China finally to "reunify" Taiwan with the mainland. Failing to capture Penghu could, perhaps for a very long time, end Beijing’s reunification-by-force gambit.
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-07): Despite having never controlled Taiwan, China’s ruling Communist Party has vowed to "reunify" with the self-governing democracy, by force if necessary. But many people on the island view themselves as distinctly Taiwanese and have no desire to be part of the People’s Republic of China. [...] The ROC later took control of Taiwan in 1945, following Japan’s defeat in World War II. Four years later, its Nationalist government then fled to the island after losing a civil war against Mao Zedong’s Communist forces, moving the seat of the ROC from the mainland to Taipei. [...] "Taiwan is China’s sacred territory. Blood is thicker than water, and people on both sides of the strait are connected by blood," he said, vowing to resolutely oppose "Taiwan independence" separatist activities.
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-11-28): The pre-modern Han Chinese empires knew very little about Taiwan, and had long regarded Taiwan as a "savage" island "beyond the seas." That is why when the Dutch temporarily occupied the Penghu Islands (ie, the Pescadores) in 1622, an official of the Chinese Ming Empire (1368–1662) asked the Dutch forces to withdraw from Penghu and move to Taiwan, showing clearly that the Chinese then considered Taiwan to be a remote island outside the Chinese civilization and domain. [...] Having been defeated by the Japanese, the Manchu Qing Empire signed the Peace Treaty of Shimonoseki with the Japanese Empire on April 17, 1895, and agreed to cede the island of Formosa (Taiwan) and the Pescadores (Penghu) "in perpetuity and full sovereignty" to Japan. [...] The Cairo Declaration of 1943, and the Potsdam Proclamation of 1945 were merely "non-legally binding" wartime "statements of intention," which expressed or reaffirmed, in part, the major Allied Powers’ "intention" that "Formosa [Taiwan], and the Pescadores [Penghu], be restored to the Republic of China" that, however, could not (and did not) make a cession of Taiwan from Japan to the ROC.
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-08-08): In the Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty signed in 1952, Article 4 stipulates that "all treaties, conventions and agreements concluded before December 9, 1941 between Japan and China have become null and void as a consequence of the war." Article 3 stipulates that the disposition of property and claims of Japan and its nationals in Taiwan and Penghu shall be the subject of special arrangements between the governments of the ROC and Japan. And Article 10 stipulates that "nationals of the Republic of China shall be deemed to include all the inhabitants and former inhabitants of Taiwan (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores)." Moreover, Note No. 1 in the Exchange of Notes accompanying the Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty stipulates that "the terms of the present Treaty shall, in respect of the Republic of China, be applicable to all the territories which are now, or which may hereafter be, under the control of its Government." Consequently, at that time Japan agreed that Taiwan is part of the territory of the ROC.
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-29): Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu [edit]In the World Trade Organization, the official full name of Taiwan is "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu", while its official short name is "Chinese Taipei".[100] (In the same way, the official full name of the PRC is "People's Republic of China", while its official short name is "China", as seen in both members' accession protocols.[101][102]) [...] - ^ "Le Territoire douanier distinct de Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu (Taipei Chinois) et l'OMC". World Trade Organization (in French). Archived from the original on 12 February 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022. [...] - ^ "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu (Chinese Taipei) and the WTO". World Trade Organization. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): A top U.S. official said the United States expects differences across the Taiwan Strait to be resolved peacefully and opposes any unilateral changes to the status quo as Taiwan prepares to celebrate the founding of the Republic of China on Thursday. [...] In a TV interview in September, Lai remarked that if China's claims over Taiwan are genuinely rooted in concerns about territorial integrity, it should also seek to reclaim the land it ceded to Russia in the 19th century. [...] The Treaty of Aigun, along with the 1860 Convention of Peking, saw China relinquish 600,000 square kilometers — an area almost the size of Ukraine — to the Russian Empire, enabling Russia to establish a naval base at Vladivostok. Many Chinese people still brood over this period of history, harboring lingering resentment over the fact that the land once belonged to China before being annexed by Russia.
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Out of the 12 aircraft belonging to the People's Liberation Army (PLA), nine crossed the median line of the Taiwan Strait and entered Taiwan's northern, central, southwestern and eastern Air Defence Identification Zone (ADIZ), according to Taiwan MND statement. [...] According to Taiwan News report, gray zone tactics are considered an "effort or series of efforts beyond steady-state deterrence and assurance that attempts to achieve one's security objectives without resort to direct and sizable use of force."Taiwan has been governed independently since 1949. However, China considers Taiwan part of its territory and insists on eventual reunification, by force if necessary. [...] William Lai stated, "The PRC could not be the motherland of the people of the ROC."He said, "As the ROC is older, the PRC cannot be its homeland, and for people aged 75 or older in China, the ROC might be their actual homeland."He noted that there is no question regarding ROC sovereignty, as it is firmly rooted in Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu. (ANI)
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-09): P’eng-hu Islands, archipelago and hsien (county) of Taiwan. It consists of about 64 small islands that lie approximately 30 miles (50 km) west of the coast of mainland Taiwan, from which it is separated by the P’eng-hu Channel. [...] Since 1949 the islands have been under the control of the government of the Republic of China on Taiwan; a Chinese Nationalist naval base, Ma-kung (now the county seat), was established on P’eng-hu. In addition to the fishing industry, the working of the islands’ phosphate deposits have also provided income. Area 49 square miles (127 square km). Pop. (2012 est.) 98,843.
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2008-04-30): Penghu National Scenic Area - Penghu Visitor Center [...] All of the islands in Penghu have a similar terrain, and most of them are flat. Clear seawater, pure beaches and beautiful skies make Penghu a favorite ocean resort area. Both Kuroshio tributary current (during summer) and Mainland China's coastal current (during winter) pass through the Penghu sea territory. Because of this the marine life in this area is very rich, making Penghu an outstanding classroom for marine biology. [...] Penghu shows its uniqueness in its cultural resources, thanks to the influences of its environment as well as Chinese culture and history. Many religious activities take place in Penghu; among 97 villages and towns in the islands, there are 183 temples. The ones with the longest history include the Tianhou, Wusheng, City God, Bao-an Temples, and the Guanyin Pavilion. There are also many important sites with great historical value. Penghu is famous for seafood such as groupers, abalone, lobsters, clams, and shellfish. Peanuts, sponge gourds, and cantaloupes are the main agricultural products. The best-known mineral is the veined stone, which is found only here and in Italy. The veined stones of Penghu are very famous for their color and quality, which is recognized as being the best in the world. Many arts and crafts stores can be found in the city of Magong, where tourists can find inexpensive and beautiful artworks carved from various kinds of stone.
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-03): The area currently under the definition consists of the island groups of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and some minor islands. The collective term "Tai-Peng-Kin-Ma" is literally equivalent except that it only refers to the geographical areas of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu Area, to the exclusion of Wuqiu, Dongsha Island, and Taiping Island.[3] [...] Article 2: The following terms as used in this Act are defined below.1. "Taiwan Area" refers to Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and any other area under the effective control of the Government.2. "Mainland Area" refers to the territory of the Republic of China outside the Taiwan Area.3. "People of the Taiwan Area" refers to the people who have household registrations in the Taiwan Area.4. "People of the Mainland Area" refers to the people who have household registrations in the Mainland Area - ^ "The Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China Archived 12 July 2006 at the Wayback Machine." Retrieved on 7 April 2009.
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2008-04-30): Like pearls scattering in the East Sea, the Penghu archipelago is located in the southwest of the Taiwan Strait. Composed of 90 islands, the county is steeped in history and culture, with magnificent ocean views and many other natural wonders. Basalt columns sculpted by the elements are a dominant part of the geological landscape on the Penghu Islands. The clear waters of Penghu Bay and strong winter winds have put Penghu on the map as an international hot spot for competitive sailing. The islands host brilliant firework festivals in the spring and summer, and in fall and winter visitors can enjoy the fresh and delicious catch of the sea at the Penghu Seafood Carnival. Penghu is also an excellent choice for seaside fun, with blue seas, clear skies, soft white beaches, plenty of beach and water recreation facilities, and an amazing marine ecology and scenic beauty. [...] Penghu National Scenic Area - Penghu Visitor Center
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-18): Taiwan’s offshore islands are some of my favourite parts of Taiwan, and I finally managed to find my way to Penghu 澎湖. Penghu actually refers to not a single island, but Taiwan’s largest clusters of islands located off its west coast. I visited solo and put together a little Penghu Islands guide for anyone else planning to visit soon. [...] Penghu is made up of many islands, some of the main ones to note: [...] Penghu Fireworks Festival 澎湖花火節
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-11): Penghu (澎湖) is a collection of islands in the Taiwan Strait between Taiwan and China. It is also called the Penghu Islands, Penghu Archipelago, and Pescadores Islands. Penghu County is one of Taiwan’s 13 counties and is made up of around 90 islands. Penghu is an incredibly special place. Consider this list of fun things to do in Penghu: a months-long fireworks festival, more temples per capital than any county in Taiwan (including the country’s oldest!), the best beaches in Taiwan, traditional houses made of coral, volcanic basalt columns, heart-shaped fish weirs, snorkelling in fields of lavender coral, windsurfing and other water activities, island hoping, and so much more. Penghu also has a uniquely dry, windswept landscape with cacti that are used to make delicious ice cream. [...] Penghu is actually one of the few places in Taiwan where I’ve ever got a bad sunburn. Most things to do in Penghu are outdoors, not to mention that the main way many people get around is by scooter, on which you are totally exposed.
Claim: Penghu is a territory of Republic of China (Penghu, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): The Republic of China (Taiwan) is situated in the West Pacific between Japan and the Philippines. Its jurisdiction extends to the archipelagoes of Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, as well as numerous other islets. The total area of Taiwan proper and its outlying islands is around 36,197 square kilometers. At about the size of the Netherlands, but with a population of some 23 million, Taiwan is more populous than three-quarters of the world’s nations. Citizens of more than 66 countries and territories can enter Taiwan visa-free for 30 or 90 days.