copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2014-11-01): How honey kills bacteria - PMID: 20228250 - DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-150789 [...] With the rise in prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, honey is increasingly valued for its antibacterial activity. To characterize all bactericidal factors in a medical-grade honey, we used a novel approach of successive neutralization of individual honey bactericidal factors. All bacteria tested, including Bacillus subtilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli, ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, were killed by 10-20% (v/v) honey, whereas > or = 40% (v/v) of a honey-equivalent sugar solution was required for similar activity. Honey accumulated up to 5.62 +/- 0.54 mM H(2)O(2) and contained 0.25 +/- 0.01 mM methylglyoxal (MGO). After enzymatic neutralization of these two compounds, honey retained substantial activity. Using B. subtilis for activity-guided isolation of the additional antimicrobial factors, we discovered bee defensin-1 in honey. After combined neutralization of H(2)O(2), MGO, and bee defensin-1, 20% honey had only minimal activity left, and subsequent adjustment of the pH of this honey from 3.3 to 7.0 reduced the activity to that of sugar alone. Activity against all other bacteria tested depended on sugar, H(2)O(2), MGO, and bee defensin-1. Thus, we fully characterized the antibacterial activity of medical-grade honey. [...] Biological studies of the activity of Manuka honey against Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) bacteria.Saudi Med J. 2024 Aug;45(9):876-887. doi: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.9.20240153. Saudi Med J. 2024. PMID: 39218463 Free PMC article.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2023-11-13): Manuka honey may also effectively treat wound infections caused by antibiotic-resistant strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). [...] One test-tube study found that Manuka honey inhibited the growth of these bacteria when combined with antibiotics. [...] Manuka honey’s unique antibacterial properties make it a valuable topical treatment for wounds. It speeds wound healing and helps prevent and fight infections, including those caused by antibiotic-resistant strains.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2024-10-08): Manuka honey to kill drug-resistant bacteria found in cystic fibrosis infections - Date: [...] Using lung tissue from pigs, experts treated grown bacterial infections mimicking those seen in CF patients with Manuka honey. The results showed that it was effective in killing antimicrobial resistant bacteria by 39% compared to 29% for antibiotics, whilst improving the activity of some antibiotics that were unable to function effectively by themselves, honey and antibiotics combined killed 90% of the bacteria tested. [...] Honey has been used for thousands of years as a medicinal product. More recently, research has shown that Manuka honey is capable of killing antibiotic resistant bacteria present in surface wounds. Funding from The Waterloo Foundation and The Hodge Foundation has allowed research to look at it as an antibiotic alternative in CF infections.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2020-01-18): This claim was published on a blog in 2017, but went viral on Facebook in January 2020, receiving more than 3.4 million views within the previous three months. The article claims in its headline that "raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs". [...] It is true that manuka is incredibly active against many, many different types of bacterial pathogens—including many types of superbugs (this review outlines the different organisms susceptible to manuka[3]—Note: I am declaring that I am an author). [...] The article in question does "sensationalise" the scientific claims, unfortunately. Manuka honey—and many other honey types—has a potent antibacterial activity that can inhibit (slow down the growth of and/or kill) many types of different bacteria, including those that are resistant to antibiotics (aka "superbugs"). The antibacterial activity of honey comes from a number of factors:
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2020-01-18): Manuka honey possesses potent antibacterial activity, even against some antibiotic-resistant bacteria, but only via topical application, not consumption
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2024-08-01): The primary use of manuka honey, and why it is so beneficial, is that it contains a highly antimicrobial compound called methylglyoxal (MGO) that is able of kill so many of the bacteria that cause infections. MGO in high concentrations is only found in manuka honey which comes from a group of plants of the Leptospermum genus. With 35 years of research, it is proving to be one of the rising stars in the battle to control the antibacterial resistant superbugs that have become difficult to treat. Manuka honey is useful in treating a range of wounds including cuts and abrasions, damaged tissue, burns and ulcerated sores. [...] One of the health benefits of Manuka honey, and one of its greatest attributes, is its ability to kill bacteria that have become resistant to antibiotic drugs. Recently some of these infectious bacteria such as Staphylococcus Aureus, commonly known as "Golden Staph" have become harder to treat and have the potential to cause an urgent and grave medical threat. "What makes these honeys really interesting is that they can kill superbugs, like Golden Staph. Superbugs are bacteria that can cause life-threatening infections and are resistant to most of the antibiotics that we have available to us currently," says Dr Nural Cokcetin, a researcher at University of Technology, Sydney.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2021-04-09): UMF Manuka honey has been found to inhibit more than 60 different species of bacteria, viruses, and fungus, and it is high in antioxidants and natural compounds like peptides, phenolics, organic acids and enzymes. The potent antibacterial qualities of Manuka honey are a result of the high acidity level, due to the significant amounts of naturally occurring hydrogen peroxide and Methylglyoxal ,Manuka honey has been found to destroy Staphylococcus aureus, or staph infections, as well as Helicobacter pylori, a stomach bacteria linked to stomach cancer. [...] Therefore, UMF Manuka honey can be used as a natural topical and oral antibiotic. It can be applied to scrapes, wounds, scratches, and infected areas, and is also effective if taken orally in the treatment of stomach and bowel infections.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2016-09-27): The health benefits of raw, unprocessed honey are well known, but in Australia, scientists recently made a startling discovery – that one particular type of honey is capable of killing just about everything scientists throw at it, including some of the worst bacteria known to man. [...] Manuka Honey Kills MRSA, Other Superbugs [...] The most exciting difference with the Manuka Honey that was tested is that none of superbugs killed by the honey were able to build up immunity, a common problem with today’s antibiotics.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2023-04-14): I also heard about the potent antibiotic properties of mānuka honey, and I thought about combining it with a CBD-rich cannabis extract. While honey has been known since ancient times for its antibiotic and wound-healing properties, mānuka is something special. Made by bees from the nectar of Leptospermum scoparium (more commonly known as tea tree, a plant indigenous to New Zealand and Australia), mānuka honey has unique bacteria-busting abilities that scientists have only recently begun to investigate. A 2016 article published in Frontiers in Microbiology discusses how mānuka honey disrupts invading bacteria’s ability to produce biofilms. In another study, mānuka was shown to prevent bacterial subdivision, and it appears to evade bacterial resistance. Not only is mānuka honey effective on its own, but it also works synergistically with other antibiotics, increasing their effectiveness. [...] Unlike my experience with pharmaceutical antibiotics, whole-plant CBD-rich cannabis combined with mānuka honey did not cause any adverse side effects. Nor did it trigger a backlash of antibacterial resistance, which is threatening the very foundations of Western medicine. We’ve become increasingly dependent upon medical conveniences, quick fixes and silver bullets, while often ignoring their broader consequences. In our impatience to get on with the business of life, we don’t always pay attention to the subtler conversations our bodies carry on, day and night, in our microbiomes and beyond. Maybe it’s time to listen.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2016-09-27): AUSTRALIAN researchers have been astonished to discover a cure-all right under their noses -- a honey sold in health food shops as a natural medicine. Far from being an obscure health food with dubious healing qualities, new research has shown the honey kills every type of bacteria scientists have thrown at it, including the antibiotic-resistant "superbugs" plaguing hospitals and killing patients around the world. Some bacteria have become resistant to every commonly prescribed antibacterial drug. But scientists found that Manuka honey, as it is known in New Zealand, or jelly bush honey, as it is known in Australia, killed every... AUSTRALIAN researchers have been astonished to discover a cure-all right under their noses - a honey sold in health food shops as a natural medicine. The health benefits of raw, unprocessed honey are well known, but in Australia, scientists recently made a startling discovery – that one particular type of honey is capable of killing just about everything scientists throw at it, including some of the worst bacteria known to man. The findings were published in the European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (June 2009 edition), and could hold special significance at a time when many of the...
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2023-01-01): - Manuka Honey – the sweetest antibiotic - Do you heat or methanol fix your slides?
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2020-01-23): We previously reviewed a claim that "raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs", found to be partially correct: reviewers explained that manuka honey had potent antibacterial effects, even on some antibiotic-resistant bacteria, but only through topical application, not ingestion.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2012-04-11): Kwakman, P. H. S., Van den Akker, J. P. C., Gûçlû, A., Aslami, H., Binnekade, J. M., de Boer, L., Boszhard, L., Paulus, F., Middelhoek, P., te Velde, A. A., Vandebroucke-Grauls, C. M. J. E., Schultz, M. J., and Zaat, S. A. J. (2008). Medical-grade honey kills antibiotic-resistant bacteria in vitro and eradicates skin colonization. Clin. Infect. Dis. 46, 1677–1682.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2016-05-02): This Type of Raw Honey Kills Every Kind of Bacteria, Even Super-Bugs! [...] Manuka Honey Kills MRSA & Other Superbugs: [...] The most exciting difference with the manuka honey that was tested, is that none of superbugs killed by the honey were able to build up an immunity against the honey, which is a common problem with today’s antibiotics.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2023-01-02): Manuka honey has even helped with medical challenges like MRSA (1). (MRSA stands for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, an antibiotic resistant bacteria). MRSA can be very tough to resolve … but Manuka honey can help where conventional drugs fail. [...] Researchers at the University of Zurich (5) found that Manuka honey was effective at controlling several types of oral bacteria … but the grade of Manuka honey was important. Honey with a grade of UMF16+ was needed to control oral bacteria. Keep reading to learn about the grades of Manuka honey. [...] - Schmidlin PR et al. Antibacterial potential of Manuka honey against three oral bacteria in vitro. Swiss Dent J. 2014;124(9):922-4.
Claim: Raw manuka honey kills every bacteria scientists throw at it, including antibiotic-resistant superbugs (Sara Burrows, 2017-09-18)
Evidence (2023-10-06): Researchers have discovered that Manuka honey can defend against proliferation of destructive bacteria, as it naturally exhibits antimicrobial activity against a spectrum of microbes, including those with multi-drug resistance. Its antibacterial effects seem to be due to the honey’s low pH, ability to dehydrate bacteria due to the presence of MGO, and phytochemical content. MGO is regarded as the major antimicrobial constituent of Manuka, which makes it unique among honey varieties. [...] One study found that Manuka stops the growth of sore throat-causing Strep bacteria. It’s no wonder then that so many people benefit almost instantly from taking a spoonful of honey when they don’t feel well. [...] According to a study published in the Archives of Microbiology, Manuka honey was able to block the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia spp, two strains of bacteria that can be especially problematic for those with cystic fibrosis.
Claim: Vaccines [have been] found laced with entire genetic code for abnormal human loaded with cancer genes (Mike Adams, 2019-02-12)
Evidence (2019-02-12): While certain vaccines are produced using fetal tissue cell lines, these cells are not included with the vaccine and regulations for vaccine safety ensure that only trace amounts of fragmented DNA remain in vaccines. It is not possible for vaccines to contain the entire genetic code for a human or cancer genes. Furthermore, people undergo much higher levels of exposure to foreign DNA and/or cells in their everyday lives (e.g. through food) than they do through vaccines, so there is no cause for concern about the minuscule level of DNA fragments in vaccines.
Claim: Vaccines [have been] found laced with entire genetic code for abnormal human loaded with cancer genes (Mike Adams, 2019-02-12)
Evidence (2019-12-02): This video by Mike Adams was published in October 2019 and went viral on Facebook during the same month, with more than 200,000 interactions (including more than 59,000 shares) and more than 300,000 views to date. In the video, Adams claims that "vaccines [have been] found laced with entire genetic code for abnormal human loaded with cancer genes". This claim has also been propagated by outlets such as InfoWars and Children’s Health Defense. [...] 3. "loaded with cancer genes": Corvelva’s study reports insertion and deletion in the DNA found in the vaccine. But there is no reason to conclude about the presence of cancer genes. The article jumps too fast to the conclusion and try to convince the reader about the statement with a funny justification: "There is no need to be a scientist to understand from the Circos, simply at a glance, that the vaccine genome is not a genome that can be defined as normal". Sorry, I am a scientist and I don’t believe we can do this conclusion from the Circos presented [a Circos plot is commonly used to represent genomic data]. Again, there is a lack of transparency about the method and the data used in the purported study.
Claim: Vaccines [have been] found laced with entire genetic code for abnormal human loaded with cancer genes (Mike Adams, 2019-02-12)
Evidence (2023-11-03): Various experts also told us that it is unlikely that residual DNA in the vaccines could integrate into DNA or cause cancer, even in theory. And as we have previously written, there isn’t evidence to date that the vaccines cause cancer or have led to an increase in cancer. [...] The FDA scientists went on to state that they consider the primary cancer-related concern with DNA in vaccines to be the introduction of an activated version of a cancer-causing gene to a cell — not just any DNA integrating into the genome at the wrong place. [...] As we’ve said, social media posts misleadingly refer to the presence of "SV40, a cancer causing sequence." This brings to mind past concerns, which were not borne out, that contamination of polio vaccines with the entire SV40 virus could cause cancer. Researchers discovered in 1960 that monkey kidney cells that had been used to produce some polio vaccines were contaminated with SV40, which was found to cause cancer in rodents. But the virus has not been shown to cause cancer in humans, and the contamination did not ultimately lead to more cancer in children who received the contaminated vaccines compared with those who didn’t.
Claim: Vaccines [have been] found laced with entire genetic code for abnormal human loaded with cancer genes (Mike Adams, 2019-02-12)
Evidence (2021-04-27): Cancer vaccines: the next immunotherapy frontier [...] Vormehr, M., Tureci, O. & Sahin, U. Harnessing tumor mutations for truly individualized cancer vaccines. Annu. Rev. Med.70, 395–407 (2019). [...] Engineered Cancer Nanovaccines: A New Frontier in Cancer Therapy
Claim: Vaccines [have been] found laced with entire genetic code for abnormal human loaded with cancer genes (Mike Adams, 2019-02-12)
Evidence (2022-03-04): "YES THE ‘VACCINE' ALTERS YOUR DNA," read one post in a popular conspiracy forum, viewed more than 30,000 times. [...] According to a fact sheet written by the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, the genetic material contained in mRNA vaccines "never enters the nucleus [centre] of your cells, which is where your DNA is kept". Claims of mRNA vaccines altering human DNA have persisted throughout the pandemic, despite being debunked by fact checkers at Reuters, PolitiFact and AFP.
Claim: Vaccines [have been] found laced with entire genetic code for abnormal human loaded with cancer genes (Mike Adams, 2019-02-12)
Evidence (2021-06-25): Both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are mRNA vaccines, which contain tiny fragments of the genetic material known as "messenger ribonucleic acid". And if social media is anything to go by, some people are concerned these vaccines can affect their genetic code. [...] Your genetic code is made up of a different, but related, molecule to the vaccine mRNA, known as DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid. And mRNA can’t insert itself into your DNA for two reasons.
Claim: Vaccines [have been] found laced with entire genetic code for abnormal human loaded with cancer genes (Mike Adams, 2019-02-12)
Evidence (2019-12-02): Mike Adams falsely claims cancer genes and "entire genetic code" are found in vaccines, based on unverified report [...] This video by Mike Adams was published in October 2019 and went viral on Facebook during the same month, with more than 200,000 interactions (including more than 59,000 shares) and more than 300,000 views to date. In the video, Adams claims that "vaccines [have been] found laced with entire genetic code for abnormal human loaded with cancer genes". This claim has also been propagated by outlets such as InfoWars and Children’s Health Defense. [...] 3. "loaded with cancer genes": Corvelva’s study reports insertion and deletion in the DNA found in the vaccine. But there is no reason to conclude about the presence of cancer genes. The article jumps too fast to the conclusion and try to convince the reader about the statement with a funny justification: "There is no need to be a scientist to understand from the Circos, simply at a glance, that the vaccine genome is not a genome that can be defined as normal". Sorry, I am a scientist and I don’t believe we can do this conclusion from the Circos presented [a Circos plot is commonly used to represent genomic data]. Again, there is a lack of transparency about the method and the data used in the purported study.
Claim: Vaccines [have been] found laced with entire genetic code for abnormal human loaded with cancer genes (Mike Adams, 2019-02-12)
Evidence (2023-02-19): Made up of tiny loops of DNA, these genetic villains survive outside the chromosomes which are our cells' main repositories of genetic material.... "We have found that ecDNA act as cancer-causing genes that have somehow separated themselves from a person's chromosomes and have started to behave in ways that circumvent the normal rules of genetics," said Stanford university geneticist Howard Chang. "They behave like villains in a Bond film. At first, in a film, you see different explosions, killings and disasters occurring and you don't know why they are happening or who is responsible. Then, at some point, you finally meet the villain who is revealed to be the agent of all this mayhem."
Claim: “sunscreen and then skin cancer, it's a direct correlation”; wearing sunglasses increases the risk of sunburn; sunscreen reduces vitamin D production (Social media users, 2024-07-19)
Evidence (2024-07-19): Skin cancers were the most common group of cancers diagnosed worldwide in 2022. Although some sunlight stimulates vitamin D production and provides health benefits, overexposure to ultraviolet sun radiation is the primary cause of skin cancer. Medical associations and public health authorities recommend limiting exposure and using sunscreen regularly when outdoors to minimize this risk.
Claim: “sunscreen and then skin cancer, it's a direct correlation”; wearing sunglasses increases the risk of sunburn; sunscreen reduces vitamin D production (Social media users, 2024-07-19)
Evidence (2023-10-24): Studies have never found that everyday sunscreen use leads to vitamin D insufficiency. In fact, people who use sunscreen daily can maintain their vitamin D levels. [...] High-SPF sunscreens are designed to filter out most of the sun’s UVB radiation, since UVB damage is the major cause of sunburn and can lead to skin cancers. UVB wavelengths happen to be the specific wavelengths that trigger vitamin D production in the skin. Nonetheless, clinical studies have never found that everyday sunscreen use leads to vitamin D insufficiency. In fact, the prevailing studies show that people who use sunscreen daily can maintain their vitamin D levels. [...] The thing is, even just those unprotected 10 or 15 minutes are way more than enough time to cause DNA damage, and every bit of this damage adds up throughout your lifetime, producing more and more genetic mutations that keep increasing your lifetime risk of skin cancer. Unfortunately, the very same UVB wavelengths (290-320 nanometers, or nm) that make the body synthesize vitamin D are also the wavelengths that produce sunburn and genetic mutations that can lead to skin cancer.