copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2021-11-10): Global temperatures over last 24,000 years show today's warming 'unprecedented' A University of Arizona-led effort to reconstruct Earth's climate since the last ice age, about 24,000 years ago, highlights the main drivers of climate change and how far out of bounds human activity has pushed the climate system. [...] - It suggests a general warming trend over the last 10,000 years, settling a decade-long debate about whether this period trended warmer or cooler in the paleoclimatology community.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2021-08-09): Modern society’s continued dependence on fossil fuels is warming the world at a pace that is unprecedented in the past 2,000 years — and its effects are already apparent as record droughts, wildfires and floods devastate communities worldwide — according to a landmark report from the United Nations on the state of climate science. The assessment from the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) says things are poised to get worse if greenhouse-gas emissions continue, and makes it clear that the future of the planet depends, in large part, on the choices that humanity makes today.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2021-11-10): 01:21 Reassessing Earth’s climate over the past 24,000 years The ~20,000 year period from the Last Glacial Maximum to the pre-industrial era saw huge changes to the Earth’s climate. But characterising how temperatures changed during this time has been difficult, with different methods producing different results. Now, a team have combined two techniques, which they hope will provide new insights into the past, and future, of Earth’s climate. [...] This work provides a new take on changes to the Earth’s temperature over the last 24,000 years. And the results are likely to cause some debate in the field. For example, about 9,000 years ago, it suggests a small but consistent warming in global average temperatures up to the pre-industrial era, which was not shown in other proxy-only methods, including one Shaun was involved in, which suggested there was cooling during this time. For Shaun, though, this new paper doesn’t represent a conclusion to debates like this, rather it’s the start of a new way of piecing together past temperatures.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2021-11-10): Global temperature changes mapped across the past 24,000 years Palaeoclimate data and models have been used to produce a comprehensive report of Earth’s temperature changes over the past 24 millennia. The results suggest that modern warming differs from the gradual rise of the past 10,000 years.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2023-02-15): Even though scientists know more about the most recent 6,000 years than any other multimillennial interval, studies on this long-term global temperature trend have come to contrasting conclusions. [...] Our two types of evidence offer different answers regarding the Earth’s temperature trend over the 6,000 years before modern global warming. Natural archives generally show that Earth’s average temperature roughly 6,000 years ago was warmer by about 0.7 C (1.3 F) compared with the 19th century median, and then cooled gradually until the Industrial Revolution. We found that most evidence points to this result.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2019-07-12): Periodically, we receive queries asking if Earth is cooling. Although multiple lines of converging scientific evidence show conclusively that our climate is warming, stories sometimes appear in the media calling that into question. New studies are interpreted as contradicting previous research, or data are viewed to be in conflict with established scientific thinking.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2023-05-15): Ian Plimer, a former mining geologist who has previously made unsupported claims about climate change, recently claimed "we have been cooling down for about the past 4000 years", implying that this somehow contradicted what scientists know about recent global warming. In the video, Plimer falsely claims that there has been no change in temperature over the past 38 years, in direct contradiction to available data (see Figure 2). Plimer also claims that the global temperature has been cooling since the "medieval warming", which he can only conclude by ignoring any data after the 1850s; this claim has previously been debunked on Science Feedback. Figure 3 shows that current temperature increase is happening at higher rates than past changes in climate over the last 2,000 years. [...] In summary, Plimer cherry-picks one old dataset that is a proxy for the temperature at a single point in Greenland to falsely imply that the Earth as a whole has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’ or the past 4000 years. When scientists reconstruct Earth’s surface temperature, they show that global temperatures have warmed rapidly over the past century, largely exceeding the slow and local temperature variations during the ‘medieval warming’ or the little ice age.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Flashback - Geologist Ian Plimer on Climate: ‘We Have Been Cooling Down for the Last 4000 Years’ PLIMER: "We have been cooling down for the last 4,000 years. So if people say, ?Oh, the planet is warming,' well, it’s all about when you start the measurements. If we look at the last 38 years, there has been no change in temperature. If we look in the last 150 years, we’ve had three warming period and three cooling periods, with a total warmth of about .6 degrees Celsius. They wonder why it warms. I mean, 1850, what happened then? Oh, yes, that was the end of the little ice age. Do you think it’s going to warm or cool after little ice age? Of course it's gonna warm. So if you start taking measurements from 1850 and the industrial revolution, we have been warming. If you take measurements from the medieval warming, we've been cooling, we cooled about five degrees since then. If you take measurements from the Roman warming, we've cooled about five degrees. So as soon as someone tells you the Earth is warming, the reply you give is, 'Since when?'"
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2003-07-29): The Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age are replaced by a largely benign and slightly cooling linear trend in climate until 1900. But as is clear from a close analysis of Mann's methods, the hockey stick is formed by crudely grafting the surface temperature record of the 20th century onto a pre-1900 tree ring record. [...] Based on this proxy data drawn from 240 peer-reviewed studies, the authors offer highly convincing evidence to support the Little Ice Age and the Medieval Warm Period. As co-author Dr. Sallie Baliunas explained, "For a long time, researchers have possessed anecdotal evidence supporting the existence of these climate extremes." Baliunas notes that, during the Medieval Warm Period, "the Vikings established colonies in Greenland at the beginning of the second millennium that died out several hundred years later when the climate turned colder." And in England, she found that, "vineyards had flourished during the medieval warmth." In their study, the authors accumulated reams of objective data to back up these cultural indicators.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2006-01-01): NARRATOR: But records of one place, like Greenland, during one time, the Middle Ages, may not prove anything. Only by knowing the average global temperature 1,000 years ago can scientists know whether the Earth back then was warmer or colder than today. [...] But what about Greenland and its controversial medieval warm period? According to the combined data, there was no medieval warm period. Specific regions like [...] I started my measurements, it had risen to two and a half. At the present time, it's almost seven.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2024-08-01): Okay, fine: technically it’s not 4000 years old and technically it’s not what we would recognise as beer, but hey – it’s as good a hook as any.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2006-10-01): Anyway, the Younger Dryas ended as suddenly at it began, with temperatures jumping 7° C. Since then, the Earth continued warming up until about 6 thousand years ago — the mid-Holocene thermal maximum. The earth was about 1° or 2° Celsius warmer than today. Since then, it's basically been cooling off — not counting various smaller variations. [...] From 6000 to 2500 years ago things cooled down, with the coolest stretch occuring between 4000 and 2500 years ago: the Iron Age neoglaciation. [...] After this came the Medieval climate optimum, a period from about 1000 to 1300 AD during which European temperatures reached their warmest levels for the last 4000 years.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2022-07-14): This modern temperature reconstruction, combined with observational records over the past century, shows that current temperatures in Greenland are warmer than any period in the past 2,000 years. That said, they are likely still cooler than during the early part of the current geological epoch – the Holocene – which started around 11,000 years ago.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2023-06-01): The claim: Earth has not warmed in the last 38 years, warmed by only 1.08 degrees in 150 years and has cooled for the last 4,000 years [...] "We have been cooling down for the last 4,000 years," Plimer says. "If we look at the last 38 years, there has been no change in temperature. If we look at the last 150 years, we've had three warming periods and three cooling periods with a total warmth of about 0.6 degrees Celsius (1.08 degrees Fahrenheit)." [...] In the video, Plimer unequivocally asserts that global temperatures have cooled over the last 4,000 years. But there is not a clear scientific consensus on this point.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2024-07-31): Here’s a quote from a well recognized, credentialed geologist, Australian geologist, Professor Ian Plimer: "As soon as someone tells you it’s warming, the reply you give is: Since when?….We have been cooling down for the last 4000 years. It’s all about when you start the measurements….If you take measurements from the Medieval Warming… we’ve cooled about five degrees since then. If you take measurements from the Roman Warming, we’ve cooled about five degrees."
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2000-01-01): The Little Ice Age is even less well defined than the medieval warm period. Climatologists are generally agreed that, at least for Europe, North America, New Zealand and Greenland, temperatures fell after 1300 to around 1800 or 1850, although with many ups and downs. There was a cold period in the first decade of the fourteenth century, another around 1430 and again in 1560. The end of this period of increasingly harsh temperatures could have been as early as 1700, 1850 or even 1900 for Tasmania. The worst period for most of the world occurred between 1550 and 1700.[178] One reasonable interpretation of the data is that the world has been cooling since around 4500 B.C. with a temporary upswing during the High Middle Ages.
Claim: “We have been cooling down for the past 4000 years”; the Earth has cooled since the ‘medieval warming’, “It’s all about when you start the measurements” (Ian Plimer, 2023-05-15)
Evidence (2017-04-04): Earth’s climate has changed naturally over the past 650,000 years, moving in and out of ice ages and warm periods. Changes in climate occur because of alterations in Earth’s energy balance, which result from some kind of external factor or "forcing"—an environmental factor that influences the climate. The ice ages and shifting climate were caused by a combination of changes in solar output, Earth’s orbit, ocean circulation, albedo (the reflectivity of the Earth’s surface) and makeup of the atmosphere (the amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases such as water vapor, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone that are present). [...] "Ocean sediments provide a longer term baseline [tens of millions of years] that allows you to compare the past with the present, giving you an idea of how variable ocean temperatures have been before we had thermometers," said de Menocal. "Over the last 2,000 years, there have been natural climate variations, but they were not especially large…the Medieval Warm period around 1,000 years ago, and the little ice age which was three separate cooling periods lasting a few decades each, beginning around 1300 to around the 1850s. It’s the warming after the 1850s that’s been really remarkable and unique over the last couple of millennia—you can see that in the sediment cores."
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-02-04): COVID-19 vaccines are instrumental in reducing the risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19. Princess Bajrakitiyabha of Thailand collapsed because of a bacterial infection with Mycoplasma that can lead to complications such as cardiac arrhythmia. Thailand continues to offer and recommend COVID-19 vaccination.
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-07-10): FULL CLAIM: Thai princess "most likely a victim of the jab", collapsed "days after receiving her booster shot"; Thailand "could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer" On 15 December 2022, Princess Bajrakitiyabha of the Thai royal family collapsed into a coma and no news of her health has been shared since then. In January 2023, retired microbiologist Sucharit Bhakdi claimed in an interview posted on Rumble that the princess’ collapse was due to COVID-19 vaccines and that Thai officials were considering canceling the vaccine supply contract with Pfizer. [...] In summary, official statements attributed the princess’ collapse to a bacterial infection, not the COVID-19 vaccines. No proof to the contrary has been brought forth by Morris or Bhakdi. Official statements also confirmed that Thailand wasn’t planning to void its contract with Pfizer.
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-02-10): Soon after there were several anti vaxxers claiming that the Thai Princess had received the third booster jab just 23 days ago. The recent reports regarding the ban of Pfizer's Covid-19 vax in Thailand emerged after a claim made by Dr. Sucharit Bhakdi, a retired Thai-German microbiologist, reported Lead Stories. Claiming that a Pfizer-BioNTech contract with Thailand was "based on fraud because there were no safety studies." Bhakdi said, "And so they said to me, we will see to it that Thailand is the first country in the world that is going to declare this contract null and nullify the contract. ... [...] We are sending information to the royal family to alert them to the fact that, in all probability, the princess is suffering as a victim of this jab." he said.
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-02-04): The Royal Family have now been alerted to the fact that the princess has most likely been a victim of the jab. Top Thai authorities including advisors to the King have been in discussions with Prof. Sucharit Bhakdi and are preparing to have the Pfizer contracts declared null and void according to reports: If this happens Thailand will beacome the first country to make the contract null and void, meaning that Pfizer will become responsible for all vaccine injuries.
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-01-29): "We Will See to it that Thailand is the First Country in the World that is Going to Declare this Contract Null" If the Thai Government Goes After the Pfizer Jabs, Might Other Countries Follow Suit? [...] Princess Ong Bha was supposedly boosted with the Pfizer vaccine 23 days before her collapse. The King of Thailand is being advised that his daughter’s collapse, which she is extremely unlikely to ever recover from, may be related to safe and effective jabs. Advisors to the King want the contract with Pfizer declared null and void.
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-01-30): Top Thai authorities including advisors to the King have been in discussions with Prof. Sucharit Bhakdi and are prepared to see to it that the Pfizer contracts are declared null and void!! The Royal Family has been alerted that the princess is most likely a victim of the jab!! The Thai Princess who collapsed 23 days after her booster is still in a coma. The Royal Family have been alerted that the purported diagnosis of a bacterial infection is ‘ridiculous’ and that she is most likely the victim of the jab. Thai Government Vows to be "First Country" to Declare Pfizer Contracts "Null" After Princess Drops of Heart Attack, Dr. Bhakdi Presents "Fraud"
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-01-30): Immunologist advises Thai officials to cancel Pfizer contract after Princess collapses from heart condition
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-07-11): Failed Fact Checks - New Zealand intelligence bosses are calling on citizens to report fellow Kiwis if they don’t agree with COVID-19 measures or want to send their children to school without a mask. – False - The United Nations partnered with Google to suppress public access to climate change-related data. – False - Bill Gates Announced The Date And Location Of The Next Pandemic On December 26, 2022 – False - The tabletop exercise "Catastrophic Contagion" means that "Bill Gates and WHO have announced when we will see the next pandemic" – Unsupported - The COVID-19 vaccine trials were a "theatrical performance … they were actually not real." – False - Thai princess "most likely a victim of the jab", Thailand "could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer" – Inaccurate
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-02-08): One authority recently suggested that Thailand was preparing to declare its contracts for Pfizer vaccine "null and void" and go after the vaccine maker for damages. [...] Dr. Bhakdi claims that officials in Thailand are upset, and are taking actions to nullify their contract with Pfizer and will seek billions of dollars in compensation. [...] And so we are determined, and the activists in Thailand who have been on this many many months now – great guys, also a professor from the University of Bangkok, he's gotten in touch with the Royal Family, and we are sending information to the Royal Family to alert them to the fact that in all probability the princess is suffering as a victim of this jab, as so many people around the world have been suffering.
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-04-06): "Thailand to BAN Pfizer After Thai Princess Falls Into a Coma Following Booster Jab," reads one Feb. 5 headline from a dubious website. [...] Bhakdi told the AP in a Feb. 7 story that some online claims had been exaggerated, but that he had spoken with the "highest-ranking advisors to the government and Royal Family" about ending Pfizer’s contract and he hoped "there will be things to report in about 2 weeks." [...] Dapcevich, Madison. "Fact Check: Thailand Does NOT Plan To ‘Nullify’ Pfizer-BioNTech Contracts — NO Evidence COVID-19 Vaccination Caused Thai Princess’ Collapse." Lead Stories. 7 Feb 2023.
Claim: Thai princess “most likely a victim of the jab”, Thailand “could become the first country in the world to nullify the contract between the government and Pfizer” (Clayton Morris, 2023-02-04)
Evidence (2023-02-14): The claim: Thailand is banning Pfizer after Thai princess got booster and fell into coma [...] "Thailand to BAN Pfizer After Thai Princess Falls Into a Coma Following Booster Jab," reads the headline. [...] The claim that a Thai princess suffered a health issue because of the vaccine is also baseless.