copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2021-01-01): The EU budget is complementary to Ireland’s national budget and comes into play when it is more effective to spend money at the EU level than at the local, regional or national level. In 2019, Ireland contributed €2.3 billion of the total EU revenue of €165 billion or about 0.7% of the Irish economy. [...] The second largest share of Ireland’s EU funding goes to growth and jobs, including research and innovation. For example, an EU funded project hosted at the Waterford Institute of Technology (WIT) has discovered new ways to improve vision using key nutrients found in fruit and vegetables, which is good news for patients in the early stages of age-related macular degeneration. [...] - A proportion of each country’s gross national income (GNI) in line with how wealthy they are - Customs duties on imports from outside the EU - An amount based on the value added tax collected by each EU country - From 2021, a contribution based on the amount of non-recycled plastic packaging waste in each country - Other revenue, including contributions from non-EU countries to certain programmes, interest on late payments and fines, as well as surplus from the previous year - To finance NextGenerationEU, the European Commission will raise funds on the capital markets which will be repaid over a long-time horizon until 2058
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2024-05-09): The United Kingdom (UK), including Northern Ireland (NI), is formally no longer a Member State of the European Union (EU). [...] To safeguard the EU Single Market, the Protocol provides that Northern Ireland remains aligned to a limited set of EU rules related to goods. The Union Customs Code continues to apply to all goods entering Northern Ireland from Great Britain or other third countries (non-EU and EFTA countries). In relation to the requirements for trade between Northern Ireland the EU, Great Britain and third countries, should consult HMRC for further guidance.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2022-12-31): - In 2013, Ireland went from being a recipient of EU funds to being a net contributor. [...] "I believe that we have given far more to the EU than we have ever received," says Thomas Pringle, an Independent TD in the Irish parliament.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2021-04-18): Economic comparisons between Northern Ireland and the Republic are few and far between. For some reason, perhaps because of the zero-sum politics involved, we tend to shy away from benchmarking the North's economy with the Republic's or vice versa. The North is typically compared with the rest of the UK while the Republic is viewed in the context of EU norms and averages. [...] The gap was primarily down to higher levels of government consumption in Northern Ireland reflecting superior public services such as health. The Republic just also happened to be in the middle of postcrash EU-IMF bailout programme. [...] It found that productivity per head in the North had deteriorated relative to the rest of the UK in recent decades and even since the 1998 Belfast Agreement. Many commentators attribute the North’s low productivity to the Troubles, but its productivity had been waning prior to that period. That’s why it has become reliant on subvention from London. That wasn’t always the case. In 1935, Northern Ireland was a net contributor to the British exchequer.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2022-03-02): In a report published on 20 May 2016, the Leave.EU campaign claimed that Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU, and Stormont would have saved £67 million in 2014/15 if the United Kingdom (UK) had not been in the European Union (EU). This figure was calculated by subtracting their estimates of the funding Northern Ireland received in the 2014/15 financial year from Northern Ireland’s approximate share of the UK’s overall contribution to the EU in 2014/15. [...] However, the claim that Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU is false. Leave.EU made this calculation by estimating Northern Ireland’s share of the UK’s overall contribution of £18.8 billion in 2014/15 by proportion of the population, amounting to £500 million. They claimed that over the course of that year the European Union contributed £300 million through farm subsides, and another £133 million in structural funds. By subtracting this £433 million of receipts, their result is a deficit of £67 million pounds.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2024-02-02): The government has set out new post-Brexit trade arrangements between Northern Ireland, the rest of the UK and the European Union (EU). [...] Trade between Northern Ireland, the rest of the UK and the Republic of Ireland was straightforward before Brexit - all parties were in the EU and shared the same trade rules. [...] The first agreement with the EU, called the Northern Ireland Protocol, came into force on 1 January 2021.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2016-06-03): How much does Northern Ireland contribute to the EU and how much do we get in return? The UK made a gross contribution of £12.9bn in 2015. Northern Ireland has about 3% of the UK's population so its contribution can be estimated at £374m. [...] So Northern Ireland is probably still a beneficiary of the EU, or at the very least breaks even.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2022-02-04): The Northern Ireland Protocol keeps Northern Ireland (NI) inside the European Union's (EU) single market for goods. [...] The economic flipside is that Northern Ireland businesses now have an advantage over GB exporters because they still have full access to both the EU single market and the rest of the UK. [...] It finds that in the medium term the protocol would leave Northern Ireland's economy 2.6% smaller compared to a scenario in which the UK had stayed in the EU.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2020-12-31): "Whilst Northern Ireland will no longer be part of the EU, people born and raised here that choose to be Irish citizens will still be EU citizens," he said. [...] Northern Ireland will not face these non-tariff barriers as it will effectively remain within the EU's single market for goods.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2016-05-25): It concludes that Northern Ireland, the North East and South West appear to be the most dependent on free trade in goods with other EU countries. [...] A spokesman for Vote Leave said that as the UK is a net contributor to the EU, leaving will "will free up extra public resources to invest in regions like Northern Ireland not less". [...] He added that the latest HMRC export figures show Northern Ireland is seeing a decline in exports to the EU and rapid growth to the rest of the world.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2019-05-27): The UK is a net contributor to the EU budget. In other words, it contributes more to the EU budget than it receives back from it. [...] Germany, with a net contribution of €12.8bn, was the largest contributor, followed by the UK, with €7.43bn (£6.55bn). [...] The largest net contributor to the EU budget per capita is the Netherlands, followed by Sweden, Germany, Denmark and the United Kingdom in fifth place, with €112.85 in 2017 .
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2023-06-27): The question of which countries are paying more in EU contributions than they are getting out is a contentious issue for some and was also one major factor in the Brexit vote in the UK. In the 2021 budget, there were nine EU members contributing more than they got out of the EU (down from ten when the UK was still a member), at least in terms of direct monetary contributions. Germany tops the ranking, putting in 25.6 billion euros more than it gets out, followed by France with net contributions of 12.4 billion euros. The UK previously came in second place in the ranking, with roughly 10 billion euros of net contributions in 2018.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2023-05-25): London raised the most revenue (£194.3 billion) and the South East raised the second largest (£148.8 billion). Northern Ireland raised the lowest amount at £19.3 billion. These figures include a geographic share of North Sea oil and gas revenue. If a population-based share is used, the ranking remains unchanged for all regions, except that the South West exceeds Scotland.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2016-06-13): The campaign for the UK to leave the EU uses the following main arguments: leaving would save UK taxpayers money, since the UK is a net contributor to the EU budget; the UK would no longer have to comply with EU laws it does not want, whereas currently it can be outvoted in EU institutions and forced to adopt laws it opposes; and it would allow the UK to better control migration, whereas EU citizens are currently free to move and work throughout the EU. These three arguments can easily be refuted, however. The UK does indeed contribute to the EU budget, but the benefits it derives from being part of the EU market far outweigh the budgetary contributions. Moreover, (if Britain were to withdraw) the EU would require the UK to pay into its budget, if it wants to remain part of the EU’s internal market, as it has done with Switzerland and Norway.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2024-07-29): History [edit]Up until the Great Depression in the 1930s, Northern Ireland ran an annual surplus, and was a net contributor to the UK exchequer. It has run a deficit every year since 1966; that year the deficit was £52 million (£973 million in 2014 pounds). In absolute terms, the subsidy peaked in the 2009–10 fiscal year, when it stood at £11.5 billion in 2014 pounds.[3] [...] The subsidy paid to Northern Ireland is larger than the net amount of £8.9 billion that the United Kingdom paid to the European Union annually before Brexit.[5][2] Irish academic Liam Ó Ruairc described Northern Ireland as "dependent upon British financial subsidies".[6] [...] - ^ Keep, Matthew (24 June 2019). "The UK's contribution to the EU budget". Retrieved 22 April 2020.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2023-11-17): Scotland also has the capacity to contribute significantly to the EU. Our scientists, our creative artists, our companies and our experience in sustainably managing natural resources and potential for major exports of renewable energy have much to offer the EU. [...] Financial and transitional arrangements, such as how much the new member state is likely to pay into and receive from the EU budget and which rules will be phased in gradually to give new or existing members time to adapt, are also discussed and agreed. As a relatively wealthy member state Scotland could expect to be a net contributor to the EU. This might not be from the day of joining the EU: a number of member states with relatively small economies have initially been net recipients but over time have become net contributors to the EU budget.[230] It is important to note that net budgetary contributions do not reflect the overall economic costs and benefits of EU membership. As shown above, many benefits go well beyond a simple financial calculation. Between 1973 and 2019, the UK’s net contribution to the EU budget averaged at £5.1 billion per year.[231] In contrast, the Office for Budget Responsibility expects that UK productivity will be permanently lower due to Brexit,[232] with lost output equivalent to roughly £100 billion every year, and lost revenues for the Treasury equivalent to roughly £40 billion a year, according to analysis by the Financial Times.[233]
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2024-04-12): - From 1973 up to 2018 Ireland was a net recipient of over €40 billion in EU funds. The country is now a net contributor to the EU budget but the benefits of being part of the single market is estimated to be worth in excess of €30 billion. In 2022, the value of Irish exports to the EU exceeded €80 billion. [...] - Ireland's National Biodiversity Action Plan aligns with the EU Strategy to ensure Irish actions contribute to achieving broader EU goals for conservation. [...] - Ireland is part of the European Research Area (ERA), which means Irish researchers can contribute significantly to global research and development.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2023-01-16): EU membership has certainly delivered economic benefits to Ireland, having received over €40 billion in EU funds from 1973 until 2018, as a net recipient of the EU budget. The Single Market accounted for 40 percent of total Irish exports in 2020. This market is said to represent more than €30 billion in added value to our economy. [...] Of course, our membership has not been without challenges. EU solidarity has helped us overcome the worst of times. The Union supported the dream of peace in Northern Ireland and funded numerous multi-million euro reconciliation projects in the wake of the Good Friday Agreement. The economic recession was also a painful time in our history, after which we had to rebuild our fiscal strength and stability. Since the UK voted to leave the Union, our fellow EU member states have stood firmly by Ireland’s side to achieve the best post-Brexit agreements possible, despite difficult circumstances, in order to preserve peace on the island. Ireland is now a net contributor to the EU budget. The economic benefits afforded to us through seamless access to the Single Market, the most affluent market in the world, gives us the capacity and responsibility to give back. We can share our good fortune, not only in monetary terms, but also in terms of the wealth of our experience.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2024-05-14): To understand the impacts of net migration, we must return to the 2018-based population projections (Figure 3). In England and Wales, net international migration was projected to make the largest contributions to population change by 2043 (+8% and +5%, respectively). Scotland would experience considerable population decline (-8%) in the absence of net international migration, and it is also the nation that receives the highest percentage population growth due to cross-border migration from other parts of the UK. By contrast, natural change without net migration is projected to be the main driver of future population trends in Northern Ireland (+4%), due to its higher fertility rate.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2023-09-07): The UK now has guarantees that it won’t have to make more than a 16% net contribution to Horizon Europe, according to UK and EU sources, a reassurance that has allowed today’s deal to go ahead. [...] The TCA itself hasn’t been amended – neither side wanted to open that can of worms – but negotiators have now firmly agreed that the UK’s net contribution will be capped at 16% (apart from small administrative fees on top of this). [...] That meant it was a big net winner from the Framework programmes because UK scientists were so successful. That needs to be viewed in the context that overall the UK was a net contributor to the EU budget, and as a member of the union could not pick and choose which programmes to join.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2022-06-08): Economically, Ireland’s success story has allowed it to move from net recipient to net contributor to the EU budget. [...] We are all painfully aware that Ireland is particularly affected by Brexit. And good relations with the United Kingdom remain in all our interests, especially in this new geopolitical context. On Northern Ireland, all the European Union institutions are aligned. Renegotiating the Protocol on Ireland and Northern Ireland is not an option. The European Parliament has reiterated its unwavering support for the Protocol on several occasions. We remain fully committed to preserving the peace on the island of Ireland.
Claim: Northern Ireland is a net contributor to the EU. (Leave.EU, 2016-05-20)
Evidence (2016-12-16): Over the past 15 years, all member states in eastern Europe (from the date of accession to the EU) and nearly all member states in southern Europe have, on average, been net beneficiaries of the EU. When balanced against gross national income (GNI), Germany and Sweden are the next largest net contributors after the Netherlands. Whereas the Netherlands paid nearly 210 euros per capita before reduction, Slovakia and Czech Republic received 570 and 540 euros net per capita respectively. [...] As mentioned earlier, the United Kingdom is the largest net contributor to the EU after Germany. The UK’s planned withdrawal from the EU is therefore likely to have serious consequences for monetary flows withing the EU. Since the UK is a net contributor, Brexit may leave a gap in the EU budget which needs to be filled by the other member states.Therefore, the CBS survey also projects what EU funding would have been like in recent years had the United Kingdom not been a member. Subsequently, the possible impact on Dutch contributions is outlined in several scenarios, as well as the additional contributions required from the Netherlands if there had not been a British EU membership.
Claim: Arlene Foster, the leader of the Democratic Unionist Party, said that the party delivered “an extra billion pounds” for Northern Ireland. (Arlene Foster, 2019-07-31)
Evidence (2019-07-31): infrastructure development (£200m for 2 years) health service transformation (£100m for 2 years) broadband development (£75m for 2 years) immediate pressures in health and education (£50m for 2 years) pockets of severe deprivation (£20m for 5 years) mental health (£10m for 5 years)
Claim: Arlene Foster, the leader of the Democratic Unionist Party, said that the party delivered “an extra billion pounds” for Northern Ireland. (Arlene Foster, 2019-07-31)
Evidence (2022-03-02): On 31 July 2019, Arlene Foster — the leader of Northern Ireland’s Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) — said that her party will not apologise for "delivering an extra billion pounds" for Northern Ireland. She added: "Not any other party that has stood before you today has delivered one penny of money for the people of Northern Ireland. We have delivered that through our confidence and supply agreement …" [...] The official UK Government statement explains that the £1 billion is additional to £2.5 billion of financial support and flexibility provided to the Northern Ireland Executive, by way of the Stormont House Agreement (23 December 2014) and Fresh Start Agreement (17 November 2015). The agreed £1 billion funding falls outside the consideration of the Barnett Formula; the funding is specific to the jurisdiction of Northern Ireland. [...] The DUP agreed to support the Government on all key votes and the Government agreed to provide the Northern Ireland Executive with additional financial support: £1 billion over five years. The Confidence and Supply Agreement contained details of the agreed areas of expenditure: infrastructure development, health service transformation, broadband development, immediate pressures in health and education, pockets of severe deprivation, and mental health.
Claim: Arlene Foster, the leader of the Democratic Unionist Party, said that the party delivered “an extra billion pounds” for Northern Ireland. (Arlene Foster, 2019-07-31)
Evidence (2021-05-28): A politician since the age of 25, Foster has been a polarising figure in a polarising political set-up. She came to UK prominence in 2017, when former prime minister Theresa May unexpectedly lost her parliamentary majority. The DUP had been seen as a fringe religious relic at Westminster. Suddenly its votes counted. Foster and colleagues extracted £1 billion in public spending in exchange for propping up May’s Conservative government. They were lauded as the master negotiators, the puppetmasters. [...] By 2020, the DUP’s days of influence were over. Northern Ireland’s businesses and citizens were left with the mess of Brexit bureaucracy and disrupted identity. The DUP’s religious right, angered by Foster’s moderate line on abortion and banning gay conversion therapy, mobilised the ill-feeling to topple her. To her critics, Foster is the leader who won the lottery, then tore up the winning ticket. "The art is knowing when to cash your chips in," says one May supporter. "The DUP could be very adept tacticians, but they were utterly lacking in strategy," says another. Many unionists can’t understand why the DUP has brought the union into question by supporting a hard Brexit, which most Northern Irish voters opposed.
Claim: Arlene Foster, the leader of the Democratic Unionist Party, said that the party delivered “an extra billion pounds” for Northern Ireland. (Arlene Foster, 2019-07-31)
Evidence (2021-06-14): Arlene Foster: From trailblazing leader to party civil war - Published Arlene Foster faced unprecedented challenges and monumental political changes during her tenure as leader of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP). [...] Mrs Foster and her DUP delegation negotiated more than £1bn in extra public spending for Northern Ireland, in exchange for a confidence-and-supply arrangement with the Tories.
Claim: Arlene Foster, the leader of the Democratic Unionist Party, said that the party delivered “an extra billion pounds” for Northern Ireland. (Arlene Foster, 2019-07-31)
Evidence (2023-08-05): Northern Ireland’s Unionists Are Fighting for Survival [...] Unionists were dealt a humiliating blow in Northern Ireland’s local elections earlier this year. Sinn Fein, the country’s largest pro-Irish nationalist party, continued its relentless climb to the top, securing outright control of four local councils and winning more first preference votes than any other party. [...] In a last-ditch effort to reform the protocol and secure Northern Ireland’s place inside the United Kingdom, the DUP—Northern Ireland’s largest pro-Union political grouping—withdrew from the region’s governing bodies, refusing to reengage until substantive changes were made to the Protocol.
Claim: Arlene Foster, the leader of the Democratic Unionist Party, said that the party delivered “an extra billion pounds” for Northern Ireland. (Arlene Foster, 2019-07-31)
Evidence (2021-04-27): Arlene Foster facing battle to remain head of DUP as members of her party demand leadership contest [...] Arlene Foster is facing a battle to remain leader of the Democratic Unionist Party. [...] The DUP said in a statement: "The Democratic Unionist Party conducts its business in accordance with its constitution and rules.