copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2002-05-23): The greenhouse warming model developed above shows how the planetary energy balance can be changed by varying atmospheric composition even when solar energy supply remains constant. However, the planetary energy balance will also change if the solar flux was altered. The degree to which this happened in more recent geological time is uncertain (Foukal et al. 2006). However, the solar energy reaching different regions of the Earth has certainly changed over time in response to cycles in the Earth's orbit around the sun (Berger 1978, Berger & Loutre 1992) (Figure 8). These cause variation in the season of Earth's closest approach to the sun (precession), the Earth's tilt (obliquity) with respect to the orbital plane, and the ellipticity of the Earth's orbit around the sun. The combination of these cycles changes energy delivered to different parts of the Earth's surface with perhaps the greatest impact at higher latitudes. Although the changes are relatively modest, the climate response has been large (again indicating positive feedbacks) as the ice ages have fluctuated to the beat with the orbital parameters (Hays et al. 1976). [...] Hays, J., Imbrie, J. & Shackleton, N. Variations in the Earth's orbit: Pacemaker of the ice ages. Science194, 1121-1132 (1976).
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2020-09-10): Earth’s spin, tilt, and orbit affect the amount of solar energy received by any particular region of the globe, depending on latitude, time of day, and time of year. Small changes in the angle of Earth’s tilt and the shape of its orbit around the Sun cause changes in climate over a span of 10,000 to 100,000 years, and are not causing climate change today. Daily changes in light and temperature are caused by the rotation of the Earth, and seasonal changes are caused by the tilt of the Earth. As the Earth orbits the Sun, the Earth is pulled by the gravitational forces of the Sun, Moon, and large planets in the solar system, primarily Jupiter and Saturn. Over long periods of time, the gravitational pull of other members of our solar system slowly change Earth’s spin, tilt, and orbit. Over approximately 100,000 – 400,000 years, gravitational forces slowly change Earth’s orbit between more circular and elliptical shapes, as indicated by the blue and yellow dashed ovals in the figure to the right. Over 19,000 – 24,000 years, the direction of Earth’s tilt shifts (spins). Additionally, how much Earth’s axis is tilted towards or away from the Sun changes through time, over approximately 41,000 year cycles. Small changes in Earth’s spin, tilt, and orbit over these long periods of time can change the amount of sunlight received (and therefore absorbed and re-radiated) by different parts of the Earth.
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2024-09-26): The Earth's orbit varies between nearly circular and mildly elliptical (its eccentricity varies). When the orbit is more elongated, there is more variation in the distance between the Earth and the Sun, and in the amount of solar radiation, at different times in the year. In addition, the rotational tilt of the Earth (its obliquity) changes slightly. A greater tilt makes the seasons more extreme. Finally, the direction in the fixed stars pointed to by the Earth's axis changes (axial precession), while the Earth's elliptical orbit around the Sun rotates (apsidal precession). The combined effect of precession with eccentricity is that proximity to the Sun occurs during different astronomical seasons.[4] [...] [edit]The angle of the Earth's axial tilt with respect to the orbital plane (the obliquity of the ecliptic) varies between 22.1° and 24.5°, over a cycle of about 41,000 years. The current tilt is 23.44°, roughly halfway between its extreme values. The tilt last reached its maximum in 8,700 BC, which correlates with the beginning of the Holocene, the current geological epoch. It is now in the decreasing phase of its cycle, and will reach its minimum around the year 11,800 AD.[12] Increased tilt increases the amplitude of the seasonal cycle in insolation, providing more solar radiation in each hemisphere's summer and less in winter. However, these effects are not uniform everywhere on the Earth's surface. Increased tilt increases the total annual solar radiation at higher latitudes, and decreases the total closer to the equator.[12]
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2023-11-24): The tilt of the Earth’s rotational axis is what gives us seasons. We have summer in the northern hemisphere when the Earth is in the part of its orbit where the northern hemisphere is pointed towards the sun, and summer in the southern hemisphere summer when the southern hemisphere is pointed towards the sun. At times of greater tilt, the seasons are slightly more exaggerated than they are now (colder winters, hotter summers). At times of lesser tilt, they are less exaggerated (warmer winters, cooler summers). The tilt angle varies on a cycle of 40,000 years. [...] During the middle part of the 20th century marine scientists and geologists started drilling into the soft sediments on the sea floor. The resulting cores provided a wealth of information about past marine life and conditions of sedimentation, and based on isotopic analyses, the temperature of the water. A key paper, published in 1976, clearly showed the relationship between those temperature variations and the astronomical cycles. The authors wrote: "It is concluded that changes in the earth’s orbital geometry are the fundamental cause of the succession of Quaternary ice ages."[2] This was the turning point for the Milanković concept. Since then, thousands of studies of climate variations have corroborated the key role played by the Milanković cycles, both during the Quaternary glaciations and in other climate cycles (e.g., Monsoons) for millions of years before then.
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2023-11-10): Variation in Earth’s Axial Tilt and Its Effects on Climate: The Earth’s axial tilt varies between approximately 22.1 and 24.5 degrees over a cycle of about 41,000 years. As the axial tilt changes, the amount of sunlight received by different latitudes and during different seasons also changes. [...] Evidence from ice cores, sediment records, and other proxies supports the idea that changes in Earth’s orbit and axial tilt contribute to the timing and intensity of glacial-interglacial cycles. For example:
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2022-06-14): Changes to the tilt of Earth's axis (obliquity) Our planet spins on an axis that is tilted toward the orbital plane. Currently, this tilt (also called obliquity) deviates by 23.4 degrees from what would be a 90-degree angle toward the orbital plane. But this obliquity oscillates over time. Over the last million years, it has been swinging from 22.1-degrees to 24.5-degrees, according to NASA. [...] Climate change deniers like to argue that our planet would warm up no matter what, even without the greenhouse gas emissions that humankind is releasing into Earth's atmosphere.
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2019-09-06): The Sun powers life on Earth; it helps keep the planet warm enough for us to survive. It also influences Earth’s climate: We know subtle changes in Earth’s orbit around the Sun are responsible for the comings and goings of the past ice ages. But the warming we’ve seen over the last few decades is too rapid to be linked to changes in Earth’s orbit, and too large to be caused by solar activity.1 [...] According to the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the current scientific consensus is that long and short-term variations in solar activity play only a very small role in Earth’s climate. Warming from increased levels of human-produced greenhouse gases is actually many times stronger than any effects due to recent variations in solar activity. [...] Several studies in recent years have looked at the effects that another grand minimum might have on global surface temperatures.3 These studies have suggested that while a grand minimum might cool the planet as much as 0.3 degrees C, this would, at best, slow down (but not reverse) human-caused global warming. There would be a small decline of energy reaching Earth, and just three years of current carbon dioxide concentration growth would make up for it. In addition, the grand minimum would be modest and temporary, with global temperatures quickly rebounding once the event concluded.
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2020-02-27): In the last few months, a number of questions have come in asking if NASA has attributed Earth’s recent warming to changes in how Earth moves through space around the Sun: a series of orbital motions known as Milankovitch cycles. [...] Milankovitch cycles include the shape of Earth’s orbit (its eccentricity), the angle that Earth’s axis is tilted with respect to Earth’s orbital plane (its obliquity), and the direction that Earth’s spin axis is pointed (its precession). These cycles affect the amount of sunlight and therefore, energy, that Earth absorbs from the Sun. They provide a strong framework for understanding long-term changes in Earth’s climate, including the beginning and end of Ice Ages throughout Earth’s history. (You can learn more about Milankovitch cycles and the roles they play in Earth’s climate here). [...] Finally, Earth is currently in an interglacial period (a period of milder climate between Ice Ages). If there were no human influences on climate, scientists say Earth’s current orbital positions within the Milankovitch cycles predict our planet should be cooling, not warming, continuing a long-term cooling trend that began 6,000 years ago.
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2024-09-25): Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. On timescales of tens of millennia, the dominant radiative forcing of Earth’s climate is associated with slow variations in the geometry of Earth’s orbit about the Sun. These variations include the precession of the equinoxes (that is, changes in the timing of summer and winter), occurring on a roughly 26,000-year timescale; changes in the tilt angle of Earth’s rotational axis relative to the plane of Earth’s orbit around the Sun, occurring on a roughly 41,000-year timescale; and changes in the eccentricity (the departure from a perfect circle) of Earth’s orbit around the Sun, occurring on a roughly 100,000-year timescale. Changes in eccentricity slightly influence the mean annual solar radiation at the top of Earth’s atmosphere, but the primary influence of all the orbital variations listed above is on the seasonal and latitudinal distribution of incoming solar radiation over Earth’s surface. The major ice ages of the Pleistocene Epoch were closely related to the influence of these variations on summer insolation at high northern latitudes. Orbital variations thus exerted a primary control on the extent of continental ice sheets. However, Earth’s orbital changes are generally believed to have had little impact on climate over the past few millennia, and so they are not considered to be significant factors in present-day climate variability.
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2024-04-03): Natural climate change can also be affected by forces outside Earth’s atmosphere. For instance, the 100,000-year cycles of ice ages are probably related to changes in the tilt of Earth’s axis and the shape of its orbit around the sun. Those planetary factors change slowly over time and affect how much of the sun’s energy reaches different parts of the world in different seasons. [...] Human Causes of Climate Change [...] Many scientists are worried that these activities are causing dramatic and dangerous changes in Earth’s climate. Average temperatures around the world have risen since about 1880, when scientists began tracking them. The seven warmest years of the 20th century occurred in the 1990s. This warming trend may be a sign that the greenhouse effect is increasing because of human activity. This climate change is often referred to as "global warming."
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2019-09-03): Earth's orbit cannot explain modern climate change Slowly changing orbital cycles did, indeed, control the timing of ice ages over the last several million years, but they cannot explain the much more rapid climate change seen in the last century. Human-caused greenhouse gas emissions have strengthened Earth's greenhouse effect, and this is clearly the cause of global warming. [...] The cycles include the shape of Earth’s orbit around the Sun, the angle of tilt of Earth’s axis, and the precession of that axis—like the wobbling of a spinning top. The shortest of these cycles is roughly 20,000 years long, while the shape of the orbit changes over about 100,000 years. The cycles line up with the 40,000 and 100,000-year-long ice ages that occurred over the last 3 million years.
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2023-12-20): On its Earth Observatory web site, NASA published in the year 2000, the information they possessed about the Milankovitch Climate Theory, which was PROVED to be fact by core samples from the earth's seas. Climate Changes - warming and destructive weather - happen naturally from changes in earth's solar orbit, and the extent of earth's axis tilt. NOT from man-induced factors! [...] It was the year 1958, to be precise, when NASA first observed that changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as "warming" (or "cooling," depending on their agenda). In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet by driving SUVs or eating beef, in other words. [...] Left to its own devices, the orbital arrangement our planet currently finds itself in would likely keep us in the current interglacial period (not a widespread ice age, not an ice-free world) we currently find ourselves in for another 50,000 years — a relatively quiet period of time from a Milankovich perspective. In other words, Milankovitch cycles cannot address rapid rises in temperatures that are currently being witnessed on human time scales — events occurring on time periods that represent a fraction of even the shortest Milankovitch cycle. The concern is what added effect humans are putting into the system on top of the more slowly varying orbital changes.
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2024-01-23): Absence of follow-up questions. [...] Source quality and comprehensiveness. [...] Level of evidence and agreement: High
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2024-10-02): Slight variations in Earth's motion lead to changes in the seasonal distribution of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface and how it is distributed across the globe. There is very little change to the area-averaged annually averaged sunshine; but there can be strong changes in the geographical and seasonal distribution. The three types of kinematic change are variations in Earth's eccentricity, changes in the tilt angle of Earth's axis of rotation, and precession of Earth's axis. Combined, these produce Milankovitch cycles which affect climate and are notable for their correlation to glacial and interglacial periods,[57] their correlation with the advance and retreat of the Sahara,[57] and for their appearance in the stratigraphic record.[58][59] [...] (p1) ... there is a strong, credible body of evidence, based on multiple lines of research, documenting that climate is changing and that these changes are in large part caused by human activities. While much remains to be learned, the core phenomenon, scientific questions, and hypotheses have been examined thoroughly and have stood firm in the face of serious scientific debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. (pp. 21–22) Some scientific conclusions or theories have been so thoroughly examined and tested, and supported by so many independent observations and results, that their likelihood of subsequently being found to be wrong is vanishingly small. Such conclusions and theories are then regarded as settled facts. This is the case for the conclusions that the Earth system is warming and that much of this warming is very likely due to human activities.
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2012-05-29): - Despite appearances, the space surrounding our planet is far from empty. The Earth is surrounded by various layers of atmosphere, is constantly bathed in a flow of charged particles streaming out from the Sun, known as the solar wind, and sends its own magnetic field lines out into the cosmos. [...] The Cluster mission showed that extreme solar activity drastically compresses the magnetosphere and modifies the composition of ions in the near-Earth environment. A new model is needed to take these flare changes into consideration and to deduct how how these changes affect orbiting satellites, including the GPS system. - Under normal solar conditions, satellites orbit within the magnetosphere — the protective magnetic bubble carved out by Earth’s magnetic field. But when solar activity increases, the picture changes significantly: the magnetosphere gets compressed and particles get energized, exposing satellites to higher doses of radiation that can perturb signal reception. This is why monitoring and forecasting its impact on near-Earth space is becoming increasingly critical to safeguard daily life on Earth. 74) [...] WBD (Wide Band Data)
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2023-10-02): Challenges and Future Exploration [...] The Tilt and Seasons of Mars [...] The axial tilt, combined with the elongated orbit, also results in more extreme seasonal changes, especially in the southern hemisphere. Summers are hotter and winters colder than those in the northern hemisphere.
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2023-04-14): Slight variations in Earth's motion lead to changes in the seasonal distribution of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface and how it is distributed across the globe. There is very little change to the area-averaged annually averaged sunshine; but there can be strong changes in the geographical and seasonal distribution. The three types of kinematic change are variations in Earth's eccentricity, changes in the tilt angle of Earth's axis of rotation, and precession of Earth's axis. Combined together, these produce Milankovitch cycles which affect climate and are notable for their correlation to glacial and interglacial periods,[47] their correlation with the advance and retreat of the Sahara,[47] and for their appearance in the stratigraphic record.[48][49]
Claim: changes in the solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as “warming”[...]. In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet (Ethan Huff, 2019-08-30)
Evidence (2022-10-03): CLAIM: NASA admitted that climate change is due to the Earth’s orbit around the sun, not greenhouse gas emissions. AP’S ASSESSMENT: False. NASA has not made such a determination, a spokesperson for the agency told The Associated Press. The agency agrees with the scientific consensus that climate change is driven by greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activity. THE FACTS: A blog post falsely claiming that NASA has acknowledged in the past that climate change is being caused by the Earth’s "solar orbit," not human activity like consuming fossil fuels, has spread widely on social media in recent days. The blog post, which is dated August 2019, claims that NASA has known for decades that changes to "planetary weather patterns are completely natural and normal." The post stated that, in 1958, NASA "first observed" that changes in the "solar orbit of the earth, along with alterations to the earth’s axial tilt, are both responsible for what climate scientists today have dubbed as ‘warming’." The AP has previously debunked similar claims made in 2019. The false claims from the blog post reemerged on social media this week.