copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM, to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2018-02-02): - Government will create institutional mechanism to take decisions on various measures to ensure the farmers income is doubled as per target. FM Jaitley says the government will work with NITI Aayog to develop system of optimal farm price realisation and develop the existing 22,000 gramin agri centres GRAMS to help farmers for direct sales as well as 470 APMCs connected to eNAM. Most farmers are small and marginal and not in position to transact at APMCs. [...] Similarly, the raising of farm credit limit will also help increase the farmers’ outlay for procuring the necessary tools and technologies for farming. Additionally, the government’s decision to work with NITI Aayog to develop the system of optimal farm price realisation and develop the existing 22,000 gramin agri centres GRAMS to help farmers for direct sales will further lead to farmers getting better output prices. [...] Thus, agritech startups that are already working on enabling better farm produce prices for farmers will get greater scope of working with the government to achieve the common goal. More so, the GRAMS electronically linked to e-NAM and exempted from regulations of APMCs, will provide farmers facility to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers, thus further digitising and simplifying the selling process for farmers.
Claim: GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM, to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2021-03-06): To give a further thrust to agricultural marketing, in the Union Budget 2018–19, the government declared its intention to develop and upgrade rural haats/shandies into GRAMs, discussed next. [...] Ensure that the GRAMs are exempted from APMC regulations and linked to e-NAM to provide farmers the facility to make direct sales to retail and bulk consumers. [...] The provisions under the APLM and the creation of GRAMs, among other things, were to provide a base for the creation of a unified national market, also referred to as the National Agriculture Market (NAM), discussed below.
Claim: GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM, to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2018-10-26): He added that the National Agriculture Market scheme (e-NAM) has revolutionized agri-markets by ensuring better price discovery, bringing in transparency and competition in order to enable farmers to get better remuneration for their produce thereby moving towards ‘One Nation One Market.’ The Gramin Agricultural Markets (GrAMs), electronically linked to e-NAM portal and exempted from regulations of Agriculture Produce Marketing Committees (APMCs), provides farmers facility to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers. Giving further boost to farmers’ income, the government also increased MSP of all Kharif and Rabi crops for 2018-19 season by at least 150% of the cost of production.
Claim: GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM, to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-09-18): Devinder Sharma, an agriculture policy analyst says, "It highlights the callous approach of the present government regarding creating infrastructure on the ground. At present, there are around 7,000 APMC mandis while the country needs around 42,000 mandis to ensure access of market for farmers." For a country like India, it was not a big target but successive governments have overlooked the problems of this sector, he adds. To cover this lacuna, the present government planned these GrAMs and promised to connect them with eNAM, an online trading platform. [...] Taking a leaf from the DFI committee which submitted its report in 2018, erstwhile finance minister Jaitley had announced, "We will develop and upgrade existing 22,000 rural haats into Gramin Agricultural Markets (GrAMs). In these GrAMs, physical infrastructure will be strengthened using MGNREGA and other government schemes. These GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM and exempted from regulations of APMCs, will provide farmers facility to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers." He also announced Rs. 20 billion (Rs. 2,000 crore) of Agri-Market Infrastructure Fund (AMIF) for the purpose.
Claim: GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM, to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2019-02-20): The third claim is that ‘GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM, to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers’. A response in Lok Sabha in February 2019 stated that ‘in the Union Budget 2018-19, Government has announced upgradation and development of existing 22,000 village haats to Gramin Agriculture Market (GrAMs) through convergence of various schemes such as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) and others. The GrAMs are to be exempted from Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs) regulations and linked to e-NAM. These GrAMs are intended to facilitate farmers in selling their produce to direct buyers’. [...] Fact: GrAMs (Gramin Agriculture Markets) are an up-gradation to the existing village haats through the convergence of different government schemes. These are to be linked to the e-NAM to facilitate farmers in selling their produce directly to buyers. Hence, the claim is TRUE. However, it has to be noted that the village haats have been in existence for a long time.
Claim: GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM, to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2018-02-02): Third big announcement for agriculture was to develop 22,000 rural haats into Gramin Agricultural Markets (GrAMs). He said that as more than 86 per cent of our farmers are small and marginal, they are not always in a position to directly transact with wholesale or big markets. "These GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM and exempted from regulations of APMCs, will provide farmers facility to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers," adds the minister.
Claim: GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM, to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2020-12-12): Government schemes. These GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM and exempted from regulations of APMCs, will provide farmers facility of direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers. [...] The Committee note that Government propose to set up Agriculture Market Infrastructure Fund (AMIF) of Rs. 2000 crore. This fund will be utilized for development of GrAMs (Rs. 1000 crore) and strengthening/promotion of e-NAM (Rs. 1000 crore). [...] The Committee note that Electronic-National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) is a pan-India electronic trading portal which networks the existing APMC mandis to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities. The Committee note that NAM Portal intends to provide a single window service for all APMC related information and services. The Committee were informed that 585 regulated wholesale markets in 18 States/UTs have been connected through a web based portal under e-NAM scheme till 31 March, 2018. The Committee were further informed that 1.05 crore farmers have been registered on the e-NAM portal till 17th June, 2018 out of which 45.25 lakh farmers have been benefited by trading on e-NAM.
Claim: GrAMs, electronically linked to e-NAM, to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2018-02-20): Gramin Agricultural Markets (GrAMs) The Government has also announced to develop and upgrade existing 22,000 rural haats into Gramin Agricultural Markets (GrAMs) to take care of the interests of more than 86% small and marginal farmers. The GrAMs will be electronically linked to e-NAM and exempted from regulations of Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs) which will provide farmers facility to make direct sale to consumers and bulk purchasers.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2018-05-26): The BJP government has published an infographic on the 48-months portal that makes four claims about vaccination. This article is a fact check of the claims.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-01-01): - Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) – protects against poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 - Trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) – protects against poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 - following the "OPV Switch" in April 2016, tOPV is no longer in use - Bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) – protects against poliovirus types 1, and 3 - Monovalent oral polio vaccines (mOPV1, mOPV2 and mOPV3) – protect against each individual type of poliovirus, respectively [...] In May 2012, the World Health Assembly declared the completion of polio eradication a programmatic emergency for global public health and the Polio Eradication and Endgame Strategic Plan 2013-2018 was developed and, in November 2012, endorsed by SAGE. Under objective 2 of the Eradication and Endgame Plan, at least one dose of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV) should be introduced into all routine immunization programmes globally, and trivalent oral polio vaccines (tOPV) will be replaced with bivalent (bOPV) in all OPV-using countries. The global "OPV Switch" was successfully conducted worldwide in April 2016 – setting the stage for the eventual withdrawal of all OPV. [...] Anand A, et al. Vaccine, 2015 Nov 27;33(48):6816–6822. - Priming after a Fractional Dose of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2015-03-01): Introduction: The World Health Organization recommends that, as part of the new polio endgame, a dose of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) be introduced by the end of 2015 in all countries using only oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Administration of fractional dose (1/5th of full dose) IPV (fIPV) intradermally may reduce costs, but its administration is cumbersome with BCG needle and syringe. We evaluated performance of two newly developed intradermal-only jet injectors and compared the immune response induced by fIPV with that induced by full-dose IPV. [...] Keywords: Inactivated poliovirus vaccine; Intradermal administration; Poliomyelitis. [...] Needle-free jet injector intradermal delivery of fractional dose inactivated poliovirus vaccine: Association between injection quality and immunogenicity.Vaccine. 2015 Oct 26;33(43):5873-5877. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.06.071. Epub 2015 Jul 17. PMID: 26192350 Clinical Trial.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Composition, forms, route of administration - Inactivated virus vaccine, trivalent (poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3) [...] Remarks - Protection against poliomyelitis lasts for life after 4 doses. - In children who start routine vaccination late (after the age of 3 months), the dose of IPV is administered together with the 1st dose of bOPV, followed by 2 doses of bOPV alone administered 4 weeks apart.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2015-03-07): Introduction of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine and Switch from Trivalent to Bivalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine - Worldwide, 2013-2016 [...] To reduce the risk for cVDPV2 outbreaks and to facilitate responses to outbreaks that do occur, injectable trivalent inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is being introduced into routine immunization schedules in all countries. As of June 24, 2015, 90 (46%) of 194 World Health Organization (WHO) member states were using IPV, 102 (53%) had established dates for the introduction of IPV, and two (1%) intended to introduce IPV in 2015 but had not set dates for doing so. In addition to IPV introduction in all countries, careful synchronization of the switch from tOPV to bOPV will be needed within and across all 156 countries currently using tOPV. This report summarizes progress in introducing IPV and preparations for the switch from tOPV to bOPV. [...] Polio endgame: the global introduction of inactivated polio vaccine.Expert Rev Vaccines. 2015 May;14(5):749-62. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1001750. Epub 2015 Jan 19. Expert Rev Vaccines. PMID: 25597843 Review.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2020-06-05): Immunogenicity and safety of an adjuvanted inactivated polio vaccine, IPV-Al, following vaccination in children at 2, 4, 6 and at 15-18 months - PMID: 32273184 - PMCID: PMC7184674 - DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.066 Immunogenicity and safety of an adjuvanted inactivated polio vaccine, IPV-Al, following vaccination in children at 2, 4, 6 and at 15-18 months Background: Availability of affordable inactivated polio vaccines (IPV) is of major importance to meet the increasing global supply needs. The results presented here demonstrate non-inferiority of a reduced-dose, aluminium hydroxide-adjuvanted IPV (IPV-Al) to standard IPV.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-05-03): CDC recommends that children in the United States receive inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) to protect against polio, or poliomyelitis, as part of their routine immunizations. IPV is given by injection in the leg or arm, depending on the person’s age. It can be given at the same time as other vaccines. Children get four doses of IPV, with one dose at each of these ages: [...] IPV doses administered in these countries and recorded as "IPV" should be assumed to be fractional IPV doses, not full IPV doses.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2021-05-06): Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) support [...] 13 All 73 countries have introduced inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), while 34 countries have also switched to using a second dose of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV2). Two of the 73 countries introduced IPV1 independently of Gavi support. [...] Pride in polio vaccination: manufacturer witnesses Nepal’s introduction of IPV
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2015-08-14): As part of the Endgame strategy for polio eradication, the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is being introduced into the routine immunization systems of every country that currently uses the oral polio vaccine (OPV). Half way into 2015, exciting progress is being made towards this goal, which will help to boost immunity against all types of poliovirus, giving children higher protection against paralytic polio. [...] The introduction of IPV has already made great strides, with 20 countries adding the vaccine to their immunization schedules between January and July this year alone, bringing the number of countries using the vaccine to 97. This means that 51% of the global birth cohort is now receiving at least one-dose of IPV. A surge of introductions in the coming months will lead to over 75% of countries having at least one dose of IPV in their routine immunization systems by the end of October. By the end of the year, all countries with the highest risk of wild poliovirus or the emergence of vaccine-derived polioviruses- the highest priority categories for IPV introduction- will have completed the introduction. This will ensure that the most vulnerable children are given the best possible protection against polio. [...] Read more about the global introduction of inactivated polio vaccine and the switch here or see find more information on the WHO website.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2015-01-01): Inactivated poliovirus vaccine given alone or in a sequential schedule with bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine in Chilean infants: a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 4, non-inferiority study - PMID: 26318714 - DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00219-4 Inactivated poliovirus vaccine given alone or in a sequential schedule with bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine in Chilean infants: a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 4, non-inferiority study Corrections. Inactivated poliovirus vaccine given alone or in a sequential schedule with bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine in Chilean infants: a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 4, non-inferiority study.Lancet Infect Dis. 2015 Oct;15(10):1130. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00322-9. Epub 2015 Sep 20. Lancet Infect Dis. PMID: 26461938 No abstract available.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2020-11-06): Recommendations to assure the quality, safety and efficacy of poliomyelitis vaccines (inactivated), Annex 3, TRS No 1024 [...] At its sixty-fifth meeting in 2014, the WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization adopted the latest WHO Recommendations to assure the quality, safety and efficacy of poliomyelitis vaccines (inactivated). These WHO Recommendations provide guidance on the manufacture and control, nonclinical and clinical evaluation, and lot release of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccines (IPV). The Recommendations include guidance on the use of several assays requiring the handling of live poliovirus and were produced at a time when only limited data and experience with Sabin-based IPV (sIPV) were available, and when no specific biocontainment requirements for IPV manufacturing had been adopted. Since then, the third revision of the WHO Global Action Plan to minimize poliovirus facility-associated risk after type-specific eradication of wild polioviruses and sequential cessation of oral polio vaccine use (GAPIII) was adopted by the World Health Assembly in 2015 to provide guidance on the implementation of biosafety and biosecurity measures at facilities handling poliovirus in the post-eradication era. In addition, WHO Guidelines for the safe production and quality control of poliomyelitis vaccines were adopted by the Committee in 2018. These Guidelines further align the biocontainment requirements for the production of both sIPV and IPV derived from wild-type strains (wIPV) with good manufacturing practices (GMP) and GAPIII requirements. Currently, a step-wise implementation of GAPIII is taking place according to the WHO GAPIII Containment Certification Scheme. As few laboratories have the highcontainment facilities required by GAPIII, global capacity for performing assays using live poliovirus, particularly type-2, is limited.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2018-05-10): - - 3.15 crore children vaccinated - 80.58 lakh children fully immunized - 80.63 lakh pregnant female immunized - 91.94 lakh vitamin A doses administered - 79.73 lakh ORS packets distributed - 2.73crore zinc tablets distributed - Intensified Mission Indradhanushlaunched by PM on 8th October 2017 at Vadnagar, Gujarat to cover 121 districts, 17 urban areas and 52 districts of NE states (total 190 districts/urban areas across 24 states) for intensified immunization campaign. [...] In concurrence with the World Polio End Game strategy, IPV was introduced in November 2015 in six states and expanded throughout the country by June 2016. Till December’17, nearly 3.87 crore doses of IPV have been administered to children across the country since its introduction. [...] - Till January’18, more than 14 lakh doses of PCV have been administered to children across above mentioned areas.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2017-08-20): Participating in the Global Polio Endgame Strategy (2013–2018), by introducing a highly effective IPV, in addition to OPV in routine immunization, it was introduced on November 30, 2015, and globally synchronized switch activity from trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) to bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) was achieved on April 25, 2016, with Global Alliance for Vaccine Initiative (GAVI) and NTAGI that recommended IPV introduction as an additional dose along with third dose of DPT in the entire country in the first quarter of 2016.11 This was followed by introduction of the fractional intradermal dose IPV (f-IPV) in two doses at 6 weeks and 14 weeks replacing the single-dose intramuscular schedule. As IPV is an inactivated vaccine, it carries no risk of vaccine-associated paralytic polio (VAPP) and vaccine-derived polio virus (VDPP). Injectable polio vaccine provides excellent humoral immunity and also boosts intestinal mucosal immunity in OPV-primed children. Recent studies in India and Bangladesh have shown that two f-IPV intradermal doses provide similar levels of protection as compared with one full intramuscular IPV dose.12 The primary role of IPV will be to maintain immunity against type II poliovirus while removing all polio virus serotypes globally.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2017-01-01): New vaccines · Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV): IPV has been introduced in UIP as part of Global Polio end-game strategy, to mitigate the risk associated with tOPV to bOPV switch. IPV was introduced in November 2015 initially in 6 states, which was expanded across the country by April 2016. [...] · A total of six phases of Mission Indradhanush have been completed covering 554 districts across the country. · It was also identified as one of the flagship schemes under Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (16,850 villages across 541 districts) and Extended Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (48,929 villages across 117 aspirational districts).
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2021-09-24): To date, Biological E. Limited has manufactured 30 crore doses of CORBEVAXTM and have already supplied nearly 10 crore doses to the Government of India. Currently, over 3 crore doses of CORBEVAXTM have been administered in children between 12-15 years of age. And now, with an approval for the 5-12-year age group, this move will not only reduce the risks children face from the infectious disease, but it will also enable them to concentrate on their education and social development, which were severely impacted by the pandemic. Getting their kids vaccinated will also help ease parents' concerns while sending them to school. [...] After examining a number of proposals from India, the World Health Organisation's Advisory Committee on Vaccine Product Development (ACPDV) selected Biological E. Limited as a recipient of mRNA technology from the WHO technology transfer hub. WHO and their partners will work with the Indian government and BE to develop a roadmap and put in place the necessary training and support for BE to start producing mRNA vaccines as soon as possible.
Claim: Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) introduced in Nov 2015. Around 4 crore doses administered to children. (Govt. of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2019-01-01): National Poliomyelitis, Surveillance Project, Tamilnadu, Chennai, [...] WHO—National Polio Surveillance Project, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 4. [...] Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh,