copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2024-03-11): Most abortions in England, Wales and Scotland are carried out before 24 weeks of pregnancy. They can be carried out after 24 weeks in very limited circumstances – for example, if the mother's life is at risk or the child would be born with a severe disability. Most abortion services will ask to perform an ultrasound scan to work out how many weeks pregnant you are. The length of pregnancy is calculated from the first day of your last period.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2018-04-01): Background The phrase ‘termination of pregnancy’ has recently been adopted by a number of British medical institutions as a preferred descriptor of induced abortion. How it is used by abortion care providers is unclear, although the ongoing stigmatisation of abortion may play a role. [...] Results The questionnaire was completed by 90/118 delegates (76%). More respondents indicated they found the term ‘abortion’ distressing (28%), compared with those who found ‘termination of pregnancy’ distressing (6%; P<0.0001). Interview participants reported that ‘termination of pregnancy’ was the default phrase used in consultations. Some respondents stated that they occasionally purposely used ‘abortion’ in consultations to emphasise the seriousness of the procedure (morally, physically and/or emotionally). [...] Competing interests None declared.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2013-01-01): Prospectively collected data were derived from the Netherlands Perinatal Registry (PRN).16 PRN is a Dutch nationwide database that contains demographics and information about mothers and newborns, courses and outcomes of pregnancy, and content and organisation of care, all entered by healthcare providers. Around 96% of all deliveries from 20 weeks of gestation onwards are registered in PRN. The database consists of three linked and validated registries: the national obstetric database for midwives (LVR-1), the national obstetric database for gynaecologists (LVR-2) and the national neonatal/pediatric database (LNR).17 ,18 The study period was from January 2000 to December 2007. We chose this period to avoid bias, because medicinal termination of pregnancy was not commonly used at that time, the majority of pregnancy terminations being performed surgically. All multiple births and births of infants with a congenital anomaly in index pregnancies were excluded. Also, all women where labour was induced or a planned caesarean section was performed before 37 weeks’ gestation, that is, iatrogenic preterm deliveries, were excluded (figure 1).
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2014-11-01): Pregnancy termination indications and outcomes before 24 weeks of gestation - a case series - PMID: 38171915 - DOI: 10.48095/cccg2023428 Pregnancy termination indications and outcomes before 24 weeks of gestation - a case series Objective: This study aimed to assess termination of pregnancy (TOP) indications and obstetric outcomes before the 24th gestational week.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2024-01-01): ABSTRACT: In the United States, more than one half of pregnancies are unintended, with 3 in 10 women having an abortion by age 45 years 1. In 2008, 1.2 million abortions occurred in the United States, of which 6.2% took place between 13 weeks of gestation and 15 weeks of gestation, and 4.0% took place at 16 weeks of gestation or later 2 3. Only 1.3% of abortions are performed at 21 weeks of gestation or later 4. The proportion of abortions performed in the second trimester, usually defined as between 13 weeks of gestation and 26 weeks of gestation (as calculated from the last menstrual period), has remained stable during the past two decades 4. The purpose of this document is to provide evidence-based guidelines for the medical and surgical methods of second-trimester termination as well as for the management of associated complications. [...] By reading this page you agree to ACOG's Terms and Conditions. Read terms Nonmembers: Subscribe now to access exclusive ACOG Clinical content, including:
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2024-07-23): Medical and surgical abortions can generally only be carried out up to 24 weeks of pregnancy. In very limited circumstances an abortion can take place after 24 weeks – for example, if there's a risk to life or there are problems with the baby's development. [...] Before doing anything, contact an abortion advice service such as the British Pregnancy Advisory Service (BPAS), MSI Reproductive Choices UK, National Unplanned Pregnancy Advisory Service (NUPAS), a GP or sexual health service, who can help you find appropriate care for free and in confidence.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2024-02-21): The updated analysis considers 2021 CDC data, before the Dobbs decision, in a post-Dobbs policy landscape. The analysis shows that abortions at or after 21 weeks are uncommon and represent 1% of all abortions in the U.S. Ninety-six percent occurred at or before 15 weeks gestation, while 3% occurred from 16 to 20 weeks gestation. Notably, discussions about abortions occurring later in pregnancy are often fraught with misinformation; in fact, abortions occurring "moments before birth" or even "after birth" are illegal in the U.S. and do not occur. KFF also looks at the other issues with abortions later in pregnancy, including the expense of the procedures, which often require travel and lost wages, and the lack of availability given that they are only performed by a fraction of abortion providers. Additionally, KFF explores why people seek abortions later in pregnancy, including medical concerns such as fetal anomalies, maternal health, or life endangerment, as well as barriers to care that cause delays in obtaining an abortion.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2024-10-07): - Norway: In 2005, 2.28% of induced abortions were performed between 13 and 16 weeks, 1.24% of abortions between 17 and 20 weeks, and 0.20% over 21 weeks.[29] Between February 15, 2010, and December 1, 2011, a total number of ten abortions were performed between 22 and 24 weeks. These have been declared illegal by The Norwegian Directorate of Health. Women who seek an abortion after the 12-week time limit must apply to a special medical assessment board – called an "abortion board" (Norwegian: abortnemnd or primærnemnd) – that will determine whether or not to grant them an abortion.[30] [...] 1.3% of abortions occur after 21 weeks of pregnancy in the US. Although it is very uncommon, women undergoing surgical abortion after this gestational age sometimes give birth to a fetus that may survive briefly.[55][56][57] The periviable period is considered to be between 20 and 25 weeks gestation.[58] Long-term survival is possible after 22 weeks.[59] However, odds of long-term survival between 22 and 23 weeks are 2–3 percent and odds of survival between 23 and 24 weeks are 20 percent.[60] "Intact survival", which means survival of a neonate without subsequent damage to organs such as the brain or bowel is 1% at 22 weeks and 13% at 23 weeks.[60] Survival odds increase with increasing gestational age.[60]
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2023-11-21): In 2021, women in their 20s accounted for more than half of abortions (57.0%). Women aged 20–24 and 25–29 years accounted for the highest percentages of abortions (28.3% and 28.7%, respectively) and had the highest abortion rates (19.7 and 19.4 abortions per 1,000 women aged 20–24 and 25–29 years, respectively). By contrast, adolescents aged <15 years and women aged ≥40 years accounted for the lowest percentages of abortions (0.2% and 3.6%, respectively) and had the lowest abortion rates (0.4 and 2.5 abortions per 1,000 women aged <15 and ≥40 years, respectively). However, abortion ratios were highest among adolescents (aged ≤19 years) and lowest among women aged 30–39 years.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2024-03-25): There have been occasional breaks in this long-term pattern of decline – during the middle of the first decade of the 2000s, and then again in the late 2010s. The CDC reported modest 1% and 2% increases in abortions in 2018 and 2019, and then, after a 2% decrease in 2020, a 5% increase in 2021. Guttmacher reported an 8% increase over the three-year period from 2017 to 2020. [...] The vast majority of abortions occur during the first trimester of a pregnancy. In 2021, 93% of abortions occurred during the first trimester – that is, at or before 13 weeks of gestation, according to the CDC. An additional 6% occurred between 14 and 20 weeks of pregnancy, and about 1% were performed at 21 weeks or more of gestation. These CDC figures include data from 40 states and New York City, but not the rest of New York. [...] About 2% of all abortions in the U.S. involve some type of complication for the woman, according to an article in StatPearls, an online health care resource. "Most complications are considered minor such as pain, bleeding, infection and post-anesthesia complications," according to the article.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2024-03-19): Women who had expectant management after PPROM at 16+0-17+6 weeks’ gestation and gave birth after 23 weeks' gestation had comparable live births and perinatal morbidity rates with those who had PPROM at 22+0-22+6 weeks’ gestation. This finding could be a result of lack of statistical power because only seven babies survived to discharge after PPROM at 16+0- 17+6 weeks' gestation. Also, when PPROM occurred earlier in pregnancy, possibly more pregnancies with less favourable characteristics had a termination of pregnancy for medical reasons, negating any negative effect of gestational age of PPROM on perinatal morbidity. A study from the Netherlands, however, with a rate of termination of only 2%, also found no difference in perinatal morbidity after PPROM at ≥13-<20 weeks' gestation (n=21) compared with ≥20-<24 weeks' gestation (n=41).34 We suggest that the effect of gestation on perinatal morbidity after PPROM needs further evaluation. [...] The incidence of PPROM between 16+0 and 22+6 weeks’ gestation of 0.04% was likely underestimated because of under-reporting, particularly during the covid-19 pandemic. We have no evidence of biased reporting, however, which might influence the generalisability of the results. A recent analysis of hospital episode statistics for the whole of France found a prevalence of 0.2% of PPROM at 14+0-24+6 weeks' gestation, which was considered to be likely underestimated because to fully validate the diagnosis with coded data is not possible.27 Within our study the incidence of PPROM was lowest between July and December 2020, possibly because of staffing pressures or potentially a lower rate of PPROM secondary to public health control measures, such as lockdowns.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2020-11-01): - In 2017, the highest percentage of pregnancies were aborted in the District of Columbia (37%), New Jersey (32%), and New York (31%). The lowest percentage of pregnancies were aborted in Idaho (5%), South Dakota (4%), and Wyoming (2%). (AGI abortion data + CDC birth data). [...] - Adolescents under 15 years obtained .2% of all 2018 abortions; women aged 15–19 years accounted for less than 10% (CDC). [...] - In 2017, 72% of U.S. abortion clinics performed abortion through 12 weeks’ gestation, 25% performed abortion through 20 weeks, and 10% performed abortion through 24 weeks (AGI).
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2014-11-01): Termination of pregnancy in patients with previous cesarean section - PMID: 16472563 - DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2005.09.007 [...] Results: A total of 13 (26%) patients in Group 1 and 79 (39.1%) in Group 2 were at more than 24 weeks' gestation. The abortion failure rate was 2% (1/50) in Group 1 and 0.5% (1/202) in Group 2 (p = .28). The median induction-to-delivery interval was 8.5 h (range, 3.0-114.2 h) for Group 1 and 9.0 h (range, 1.3-124.3 h) in Group 2 (p = .26). One case of uterine rupture and one case of dehiscence were observed, both in women in Group 1. The incidence of hemorrhage was not significantly different between Group 1 and Group 2 (2% vs. 0.9%, respectively, p = .56). The incidence of retained placenta was higher in the Group 1 (70% vs. 52.5%, respectively, p = .025). [...] Induction of second trimester abortion (12-20 weeks) with mifepristone and misoprostol: a review of 386 consecutive cases.Contraception. 2006 May;73(5):516-9. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2005.12.004. Epub 2006 Feb 23. Contraception. 2006. PMID: 16627037 -
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2024-06-25): The US abortion policy landscape continues to evolve in the wake of the US Supreme Court’s June 2022 decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization that overturned Roe v. Wade. The latest information on abortion policies in effect in each state—including total abortion bans and other restrictions—can be found on Guttmacher’s interactive abortion policy map. [...] Medication abortion accounted for 63% of all clinician-provided abortions in states without total bans in 2023; by contrast, this method accounted for 53% of abortions in 2020.7 This estimate does not include self-managed abortions or any abortions occurring in states with total bans. [...] - Among people obtaining an abortion, more than half were in their 20s: 33% were aged 20–24 and 28% were 25–29.8 - Adolescents made up 10% of people obtaining an abortion; 2% of people obtaining an abortion were 17 or younger.8 - Similar proportions of people obtaining an abortion were Black (29%), Latinx (30%) or non-Hispanic White (30%).
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2022-06-21): New research by the Guttmacher Institute, a nonprofit research organization that supports abortion rights, suggests the long-term decline may be reversing, with an increase in 2020. [...] Third-trimester abortions are rare and heavily restricted. Just 1 percent of abortions take place after 21 weeks; the third trimester begins around the 28th week. [...] Third-trimester abortions are performed in only a handful of clinics and hospitals in the United States, according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Methods for third-trimester abortions vary based on the circumstances. They usually involve a combination of medication and surgical procedure and can take several days.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2008-01-21): Although this study was limited to a small number of Melbourne obstetricians, these doctors see a disproportionate number of abnormal pregnancies, and have particular insight into the cost of restrictive abortion laws. Many such women are referred to them by doctors who are unwilling — without legal clarity — to offer the full range of prenatal care. However, since Victoria has the only free-standing clinic offering late abortion in Australia, the state acts as a de facto referral centre for late terminations: in 2005, 104 of the 180 post-20-week terminations when there was no fetal anomaly were for women from interstate or overseas.10 This is indirect evidence that fear and unclear laws also exist in other states, that effectively export these women for care. [...] There is an unreasonable contrast between obstetric and neonatal management after 20 weeks’ gestation. Paediatricians recommend that the parents of a normal infant born at 24–26 weeks should decide whether or not their baby is treated,15,16 even if there is some chance of survival. Yet at the same gestation, with the same prognosis, late abortion is likely to be refused. Paediatricians will also discuss with the family the option of withdrawing intensive care in some cases where an older baby is severely affected with abnormalities but is still capable of surviving. It seems the fetus inside a woman’s body has a higher moral status than a newborn infant of the same gestation outside the woman’s body.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2022-08-01): If at all possible, tell as few people as you deem necessary about your pregnancy and your decision to terminate the pregnancy. [...] Later-term abortions are uncommon in the U.S. People most commonly opt for abortions later in pregnancy if they’ve learned of severe health complications affecting the fetus, developed severe health complications themselves, or were denied an abortion earlier on.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2022-11-21): In 2020, women in their 20s accounted for more than half of abortions (57.2%). Women aged 20–24 and 25–29 years accounted for the highest percentages of abortions (27.9% and 29.3%, respectively) and had the highest abortion rates (19.2 and 19.0 abortions per 1,000 women aged 20–24 and 25–29 years, respectively). By contrast, adolescents aged <15 years and women aged ≥40 years accounted for the lowest percentages of abortions (0.2% and 3.7%, respectively) and had the lowest abortion rates (0.4 and 2.6 abortions per 1,000 women aged <15 and ≥40 years, respectively). However, abortion ratios were highest among adolescents (aged ≤19 years) and lowest among women aged 25–39 years.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2024-07-26): There were 565 (16.8%) ground E abortions at 22 weeks and over and 274 (8.1%) ground E abortions at 24 weeks and over (Table 9b). [...] The proportion of abortions that are performed at under 10 weeks has continued to increase since 2011. In 2021, 89% of abortions were performed under 10 weeks, increasing from 88% in 2020 and 78% in 2011. The percentage performed at 20 weeks was 1% in both 2020 and 2021. (Table 3a.iii). The legal limit for a woman having an abortion is 24 weeks gestation. This is the point at which the fetus is viable outside the mother’s body. Abortions may be performed after 24 weeks in certain circumstances, for example, if the mother’s life is at risk or the child would be born severely disabled. Abortions where gestation is 24 weeks or over account for a very small number of abortions (0.1% of the total). There were 276 such abortions in 2021. (Table 5).
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2022-10-31): Discussion on the mode of delivery depends on the gestational age of the stillborn, the patient's desires, physical status, and prior obstetrical/surgical history. Information is presented clearly and concisely, and confirmation of understanding should be obtained. Coagulation abnormalities caused by a release of tissue factor from the placenta may occur if the dead fetus is retained for several weeks.[104] The risk is about 2%, and this diagnosis requires immediate intervention.[105] In the absence of disseminated intravascular coagulation, infection, or preeclampsia with severe features, the mother/couple may go home and follow up to plan management. If expectant management is desired, spontaneous labor usually begins within 2 weeks of fetal death. Usually, a vaginal delivery is the safest route of delivery, even after a previous lower-segment cesarean delivery. Some women may request a primary or a repeat cesarean section to avoid experiencing labor. This is an option provided the patient is fully aware of the risks versus benefits. Stillbirth before 24 weeks is best managed by a dilation and evacuation (D & E) by a competent provider. This involves dilation of the cervix and manual removal of the product of conception.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2024-06-21): However, these aggregated trends mask the sharp decline in abortions provided in states with total bans or severe restrictions as well as the hardships that many pregnant people experience in accessing abortion care. The #WeCount report estimates that approximately 180,000 additional abortions would have occurred in these 18 months had Roe not been overturned (data not shown). [...] At what point in pregnancy do abortions occur? [...] Before the 2022 ruling in Dobbs, there was a federal constitutional right to abortion before the pregnancy is considered to be viable, that is, can survive outside of a pregnant person’s uterus. Viability is generally considered around 24 weeks of pregnancy. Most abortions, though, occur well before the point of fetal viability.
Claim: About 2% of pregnancy terminations take place between 20 and 24 weeks. (Naomi Long, 2019-11-12)
Evidence (2020-01-01): Clinical guidelines. Cervical preparation for surgical abortion from 20 to 24 weeks' gestation - PMID: 18342657 - DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2008.01.004 Clinical guidelines. Cervical preparation for surgical abortion from 20 to 24 weeks' gestation Although less than 2% of abortions in the United States occur after 20 weeks, procedures performed at more advanced gestations are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Adequate cervical preparation before dilation and evacuation (D&E) at 20 or more weeks' gestation reduces procedural risk. However, few clinical trials have included sufficient information on best practices for cervical preparation in this gestational age range. For procedures at 20 or more weeks' gestation, at least 1 day of cervical preparation is recommended. Evidence is less clear that the procedure is faster or safer with the use of either serial dilation over more than 1 day or adjuvant misoprostol. Osmotic dilators are preferable to misoprostol, but there are insufficient data to support either laminaria or Dilapan as the preferred dilator. Fewer Dilapan are needed to gain the same amount of dilation as laminaria. The Society of Family Planning recommends preoperative cervical preparation before D&E between 20 and 24 weeks. Further studies are needed to clarify the best means to prepare the cervix to minimize abortion complications and improve outcome in this gestational age range.