copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Karki is a territory of Armenia (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-11-05): It is a region under Azerbaijan’s Qazakh District. Barxudarlı is an exclave area that is located completely inside the Armenian territory and not connected with Azerbaijani territories. The area of approximately 22 square km area has been under Armenian occupation since 1992. After the occupation, the Armenian population was settled in the region and it was administered as a part of Armenia’s Tavush province. The current population of the region, which was established by Azerbaijani Turks in the 16th century, is around 450. [...] Karki is a region connected to the Sadarak District of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. This region has neither connection with Azerbaijani lands nor with Nakhchivan. It is an exclave area located completely inside the Armenian territory. The name of the village, which was occupied by Armenia in 1990, was changed by the Yerevan administration to "Tigranashen". The area of the land, located near the strategic Yerevan-Jermuk highway, is approximately 19 square kilometers. Azerbaijani Turks who were in the region after the occupation became refugees and were settled in an area called "New Karki" in the Kangarli District of Nakhchivan. Today, there are no settlements in the region.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Armenia (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-21): Currently, the dispute centers around five exclaves; Azerbaijan controls an Armenian exclave (Artsvashen), while Armenia controls four Azerbaijani exclaves (Yukhary Askipara, Sofulu, Barkhudarly in the north, and Karki in the south). In terms of size, the Armenian exclave covers a little more than 38 km2, whereas the combined territories of the four Azerbaijani exclaves amount to about 44 km2. While both countries effectively control each other’s exclaves, their roles and potential losses stem from entirely different perspectives. Azerbaijan, for instance, would rather endure local connectivity and economic issues in the case of Artsvashen’s return to Armenia. On the other hand, losing control over Azerbaijani exclaves would pose significant political, connectivity, and to some extent, security challenges for Armenia. For example, the primary highway (H8) that links the northern and southern regions of Armenia traverses the territory of the Karki exclave. [...] Although these four villages, now under Armenian control, are mostly in a state of ruin, a situation akin to that in Karki is mirrored here; one of the primary highways (M16/H53) leading to the Armenia-Georgia border enters and exits what is legally Azerbaijani territory five times, with the portion of the road inside Azerbaijan spanning more than 2 km in total.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-07): Karki (Azerbaijani: Kərki) or Tigranashen (Armenian: Տիգրանաշեն) is a village that is de jure an enclave and exclave of Azerbaijan, de facto under the control of Armenia, administered within the Ararat Municipality of the Ararat Province. The main highway connecting northern Armenia with southern Armenia passes right by the village. Today the village is mostly inhabited by Armenians, both locals and refugees from Azerbaijan.[2] [...] Since May 1992, following the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, Karki has been controlled by Armenia, which governs the 19 km2 (7.3 sq mi) territory as part of its Ararat Province.[8] After the war, many of the former inhabitants of Karki resettled in a new village, Yeni Kərki (New Karki), created within the Kangarli District of Azerbaijan.[9][10][7]
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1999-02-22): Karki (Azerbaijani: Kərki; Armenian: Տիգրանաշեն, romanized: Tigranashen) is a village that is de jure an exclave of the Sadarak District of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan, de facto under the control of Armenia, administrated as part of its Ararat Province. The village has been renamed Tigranashen (Armenian: Տիգրանաշեն) by the Armenian government after the ancient king Tigranes the Great, under whose reign the Kingdom of Armenia attained its greatest power.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-01-01): Karki (Azerbaijani: Kərki) - a village and surrounding territory of 19 sq km (7.3 sq mi) de facto under the control of Armenia, administrated as part of its Ararat Province, de jure an exclave of the Sadarak District of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. Located on Yerevan-Jermuk highway, and 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) away from the Ararat district centre. The area of the village itself is 950 hectares (2,300 acres). The main highway connecting northern Armenia with southern Armenia passes right by the village, which is today inhabited by Armenians, both locals and refugees from Azerbaijan. The territory was captured on 19 January 1990, by Armenian forces during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, since then the territory has been controlled by Armenia.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-23): The village of Karki was occupied by Armenians in 1990. The Armenian government renamed the village to "Tigranashen." Armenians who had left Baku and Ganja settled in Karki. [...] Political commentator Oktay Gasimov discussed this issue on the program "Difficult Question." The expert believes that the village of Karki is Azerbaijani territory, and Armenia will have to return it. However, reports in the Armenian press about the imminent return of this village are inaccurate and are being used as a tool in the domestic political struggle. [...] Regarding the fate of the four exclave villages, including Karki, Gasimov said that in March, Azerbaijan's Deputy Prime Minister Shahin Mustafayev suggested addressing them within the process of delimitation of the Azerbaijan-Armenia border.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-03): The Turkish Government and the Soviet Governments of Armenia and Azerbaijan are agreed that the region of Nakhchivan, within the limits specified by Annex III to the present Treaty, constitutes an autonomous territory under the protection of Azerbaijan.[68] [...] The heaviest fighting took place on May 18, when the Armenians captured Nakhchivan's exclave of Karki, a tiny territory through which Armenia's main north–south highway passes. The exclave presently remains under Armenian control.[88] After the fall of Shusha, the Mütallibov government of Azerbaijan accused Armenia of moving to take the whole of Nakhchivan (a claim that was denied by Armenian government officials). However, Heydar Aliyev declared a unilateral ceasefire on May 23 and sought to conclude a separate peace with Armenia. Armenian President Levon Ter-Petrossian expressed his willingness to sign a cooperation treaty with Nakhchivan to end the fighting, and subsequently a cease-fire was agreed upon.[87] [...] Others - Bahruz Kangarli, Azerbaijani painter.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-16): It is not widely known that Armenia’s occupation of parts of Azerbaijan began not in Karabakh, but rather in the country’s more exposed and non-contiguous peripheries during the waning years of the Soviet Union. Karki was the first territory of Azerbaijan to be occupied by the Armenian militia on 19 January 1990. Its occupation at this early stage of the conflict was not coincidental: through the Karki exclave passes the strategic M2/E117 highway, connecting Yerevan with southern Armenia. After regaining its independence, the significance of this route further increased, as it came to serve as Armenia’s principal trade route with Iran. Through an offshoot of this road from Goris to Lachin, Yerevan also used to maintain a land connection with its installed separatist regime in then-occupied Karabakh. [...] Thus, speaking at the Armenian parliament in May 2022, Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan essentially claimed that there were no Azerbaijani enclaves within Armenia.9 A year later, speaking at a press conference in May 2023, he admitted that the enclave villages of Gazakh district and Nakhchivan’s Karki village are not part of Armenia, while reiterating Armenia’s claim on the enclave village of Artsvashen within Azerbaijan.10 In June 2023, when asked specifically about his position on the Karki village, Pashinyan reiterated that he may be prepared to consider its return to Azerbaijan.11
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-06-08): In a question-and-answer session at a June 2 appearance with Moldova’s Armenian community, Pashinyan was asked about Karki. That is one of the vexatious bits of territory, a relic of idiosyncratic Soviet border-drawing practices, that are effectively islands of de jure Azerbaijani territory inside Armenia, or vice versa. These exclaves are one of several tricky issues that Armenia and Azerbaijan are trying to resolve in ongoing negotiations to comprehensively resolve their decades-long conflict. [...] Karki and several other villages in similar conditions emerged as contentious issues even before the end of the 2020 war. In initial media reports about the November 10 ceasefire statement that ended that war, the agreement contained language stipulating the "return to the Azerbaijani side the territory held by the Armenian side in the Gazakh region of the Azerbaijani republic." In the document that was formally published, however, that line had been deleted. (Two of the Azerbaijani exclaves that were surrounded by the Armenian SSR are part of Gazakh region. Karki, the third, is near Nakhchivan. There are also several bits of territory contiguous with Azerbaijan that Armenia sliced off during the first war in the 1990s. There was one Armenian exclave inside the Azerbaijani SSR, Artsvashen.)
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-05-19): For centuries, Armenia, which has been chasing dreams of the so-called 'greater armenia', eyed on the territories of Azerbaijan and always invaded the lands whenever it had the opportunity, is not satisfied only with Karabakh. It should be recalled that 13 villages of the Gazakh district of Azerbaijan, located far from Karabakh, were occupied by Armenians in the 1990s. But later, 6 of those 13 villages were freed from occupation. At present, 7 villages of Gazakh, as well as the territory of Nakhchivan called Kerki, have been under the occupation of Armenia since that time. [...] Speaking to Azernews the military expert Adalat Verdiyev also confirmed that the Prime Minister of Armenia Nikol Pashinyan had stated in his last statement in Reykjavik that he recognizes the territorial integrity of Azerbaijan as 86.6 thousand square kilometers. He underlined that this means Armenia recognizes Karabakh, Eastern Zangazur, and eight villages that are under occupation as the territory of Azerbaijan. "Despite Azerbaijan regaining control over other areas, these eight villages still remain under the control of Armenia. Armenia realizes that their return to Azerbaijan would cause serious problems for Armenia. For example, the return of the village of Karki to Azerbaijan allows Azerbaijan to take control of the Yerevan-Gafan highway, and the return of 7 villages of Gazakh allows Azerbaijan to control the Ijevan Noyemberyan M4 Highway. This promised serious problems for Armenia, and therefore Armenia is trying to solve this issue in slightly a different way," Verdiyev said.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-25): "As for the four Azerbaijani non-exclave villages (Baghanis Ayrim, Ashagy Askipara, Kheyrimli, and Gizilgadzhyly) occupied by Armenia, their Azerbaijani ownership is indisputable, and they should be immediately freed. The issue of freeing the four Azerbaijani exclave villages of Yukhary Askipara, Sofulu, Barkhudarly, and Karki will be resolved as part of the delimitation process," the deputy prime minister’s office stated. [...] In October last year, the deputy minister of territorial administration and infrastructure of Armenia, Akop Vardanyan, stated during his speech in Tbilisi at the ‘International Silk Road’ forum that, following the resolution of disagreements between the two countries, Armenia would like to purchase natural gas from Azerbaijan.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-05-11): Another enclave village that came under the control of the Armenian armed forces – Kyarki (Armenians call this village Tigranashen) was administratively subordinate to the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic, an exclave of Azerbaijan. [...] "These villages, including the village of Karki, are the territory of Azerbaijan and the issue of their return will be resolved during the process of border delimitation", Khalafov added. The return of enclave villages located outside the Karabakh territory to Azerbaijan is one of the main directions of the peace agenda formed by Azerbaijan, noted political observer Agshin Kerimov.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-12): "As for the four non-exclave Azerbaijani villages (Baghanis Ayrim, Ashagy Askipara, Kheyrimli, and Gizilgadzhyly) occupied by Armenia, they should be immediately freed." [...] Baku lists the following settlements: Yukhary Askipara (Armenian name: Verin Voskepar), Sofulu, Barkhudarly in Armenia’s Tavush region, and Karki (Armenian name: Tigranashen) in the Ararat region. [...] "Azerbaijan lists the following toponyms: Baganis Ayrum, Ashagy Askipara (Nerkin Voskepar), Kheyrimli, Gizilgajily, while simultaneously refusing to acknowledge that the vital territories of 31 non-enclave Armenian settlements are under Azerbaijani occupation."
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-04-07): That a prime-minister feels the need to accentuate on the legitimate boundaries of his own state to his domestic interlocutors is extraordinary, but not surprising considering the recent memories of the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict. Immediately after regaining independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the two neighbors found themselves locked in a brutal war, in which Armenia gained an upper hand, capturing nearly one-fifth of Azerbaijani territory. Over the decades since, a new perception of "augmented Armenia" (a term coined by scholar Laurence Broers), which included the Karabakh region and slivers of Azerbaijani territory along the border, has become deeply ingrained in the Armenian national psyche. Azerbaijan’s stunning victory in the 44-Day War in 2020 effectively put an end to any hopes for realizing this nationalist vision. Yet, coming to terms with a new reality has been emotionally painful for many Armenians. [...] What makes the dispute over these border villages particularly intriguing is that most of Armenia’s domestic and international passenger and freight transport is conducted using motorways that pass through or near the de jure Azerbaijani territories in these settlements. Thus, Armenia’s main north-south highway (M2) and its main trade route with Iran, an important trade partner for Armenia, passes through an Azerbaijani exclave village of Karki. Seven other villages are located on or just next to another major highway (M16/H26) linking Armenia’s capital Yerevan with Georgia’s capital Tbilisi.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): 28 years pass since the occupation of Karki village of Nakhcivan by Armenia 18 January 2018 Read: 5500 28 years passed since the occupation of Karki village of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan by the Armenian Armed Forces on January 19, 1990. Karki is the administrative territory of the Sadarak region of Nakhchivan. Since May 1992, following the Nagorno-Karabakh War, Karki has been controlled by Armenia.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-11-26): January 15 - Armenia occupied Karki village of the Nakhichevan Autonomus Republic of Azerbaijan[3]. [...] January - Armed forces of Armenia continued occupation of the Azerbaijani settlements in the Karabakh region of Azerbaijan. [...] [3] Occupation of the territories of Azerbaijan was accompanied by the brutal killing and wounding of civilians and the ethnic cleansing of the occupied territories of all Azerbaijanis.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-11-05): It is a region under Azerbaijan’s Qazakh District. Barxudarlı is an exclave area that is located completely inside the Armenian territory and not connected with Azerbaijani territories. The area of approximately 22 square km area has been under Armenian occupation since 1992. After the occupation, the Armenian population was settled in the region and it was administered as a part of Armenia’s Tavush province. The current population of the region, which was established by Azerbaijani Turks in the 16th century, is around 450. [...] Karki is a region connected to the Sadarak District of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. This region has neither connection with Azerbaijani lands nor with Nakhchivan. It is an exclave area located completely inside the Armenian territory. The name of the village, which was occupied by Armenia in 1990, was changed by the Yerevan administration to "Tigranashen". The area of the land, located near the strategic Yerevan-Jermuk highway, is approximately 19 square kilometers. Azerbaijani Turks who were in the region after the occupation became refugees and were settled in an area called "New Karki" in the Kangarli District of Nakhchivan. Today, there are no settlements in the region.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-21): Currently, the dispute centers around five exclaves; Azerbaijan controls an Armenian exclave (Artsvashen), while Armenia controls four Azerbaijani exclaves (Yukhary Askipara, Sofulu, Barkhudarly in the north, and Karki in the south). In terms of size, the Armenian exclave covers a little more than 38 km2, whereas the combined territories of the four Azerbaijani exclaves amount to about 44 km2. While both countries effectively control each other’s exclaves, their roles and potential losses stem from entirely different perspectives. Azerbaijan, for instance, would rather endure local connectivity and economic issues in the case of Artsvashen’s return to Armenia. On the other hand, losing control over Azerbaijani exclaves would pose significant political, connectivity, and to some extent, security challenges for Armenia. For example, the primary highway (H8) that links the northern and southern regions of Armenia traverses the territory of the Karki exclave. [...] Although these four villages, now under Armenian control, are mostly in a state of ruin, a situation akin to that in Karki is mirrored here; one of the primary highways (M16/H53) leading to the Armenia-Georgia border enters and exits what is legally Azerbaijani territory five times, with the portion of the road inside Azerbaijan spanning more than 2 km in total.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-08): Armenia still has many obligations to fulfil; this means that the work does not end only with the delimitation and demarcation of the borders. The return of Karki village belonging to the Sadarak area of Nakhchivan, Sofulu, Barkhudarli and Yukhari Eskipara villages of Gazakh to Azerbaijan is another issue on the agenda. However, this can be considered small compared to the issue of the Zangazur Corridor. Why small? - Because this issue has started to interest the states of the region more than Armenia. We would even say that it caused panic among the states of the region. The opening of the Zangazur Corridor first was much to neighbouring Iran's consternation. As a result, it led to a militaristic union between Tehran and Yerevan. Although the Yerevan authorities are considering some positive measures regarding the fate of the Zangazur Corridor, Iran's counter-interference in the matter has emboldened Armenia a bit.
Claim: Karki is a territory of Azerbaijan (Karki, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-04-30): The village, located on the bank of the Arpachay river, is marked as "Karkichik" in the "Detailed book of the Iravan province", compiled in 1728. The toponym Karki is found in Azerbaijan, as well as in other territories where Turks live. For example, in the Basarkechar region of the Goycha district (now the Vardenis region of the Gegharkunik province of Armenia), there was a village called Karkibash in the 1920s on the ancient Azerbaijani land. Until 1988, only Azerbaijanis lived in the village. After the deportation of Azerbaijanis from Armenia in 1988, residents of the village of Karkibash were also forced to move to Azerbaijan. [...] The village of Karki is one of the exclaves of Azerbaijan located on the territory of Armenia. Until August 1990, the village was part of the Sharur region of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. The village with an area of 960 hectares with 500 inhabitants is included in the administrative-territorial unit of the Sadarak region, formed by the decision of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan dated August 29, 1990. By that time, Karki had already been occupied by the Armenian armed formations. Armenian militants have been shelling the village since 1989. In mid-January 1990, these shelling intensified. [...] Thus, the village of Karki became the first territory of Azerbaijan occupied by the Armenians. Residents of the village still live in the village of Yeni Karki, built in the Kangarli region of Nakhchivan. According to the statistics of 2019, the population of the village is 986 people.
Claim: Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic is a territory of Azerbaijan (Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-03): The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (Azerbaijani: Naxçıvan Muxtar Respublikası, pronounced [nɑxtʃɯˈvɑn muxˈtɑɾ ɾesˈpublikɑsɯ])[2] is a landlocked exclave of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The region covers 5,502.75 km2 (2,124.62 sq mi)[3] with a population of 459,600.[4] It is bordered by Armenia[a] to the east and north, Iran[b] to the southwest, and Turkey[c] to the west. It is the sole autonomous republic of Azerbaijan, governed by its own elected legislature. [...] Today, Nakhchivan retains its autonomy as the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, and is internationally recognized as a constituent part of Azerbaijan governed by its own elected legislative assembly.[91] A new constitution for Nakhchivan was approved in a referendum on November 12, 1995. The constitution was adopted by the republic's assembly on April 28, 1998, and has been in force since January 8, 1999.[92] However, the republic remains isolated, not only from the rest of Azerbaijan, but practically from the entire South Caucasus region. From 1995 until his resignation in December 2022, the region was ruled by Vasif Talibov, who is related by marriage to Azerbaijan's ruling family, the Aliyevs.[93] He was known for his authoritarian[93] and largely corrupt rule of the region.[94] Most residents prefer to watch Turkish television as opposed to Nakhchivan television, which one Azerbaijani journalist criticised as "a propaganda vehicle for Talibov and the Aliyevs."[93]