copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2024-09-11): Since December 1994, the Popocatepetl Volcano, situated 38 miles southeast of Mexico City, has registered varying levels of seismic activity, including the release of vapor, gas, ash, and incendiary material. Depending on the levels of activity, the Mexican National Center for Disaster Prevention restricts access or closes parks and hiking trails on the mountain's slopes. U.S. citizens planning to hike in the area should be alert to any warnings or signs posted, and should contact the U.S. Embassy for the latest information about seismic activity.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (1996-02-08): There is a smog haze this morning, but it is clear enough for spectacular views of Iztaccihuatl and Popocatepetl. These are Mexico's third and second highest peaks. The names of these peaks come from Aztec mythology, Popocatepetl (the warrior) and Iztaccihuatl "the sleeping maiden". Pre Aztec Indians referred to Popocatepetl as the smoking mountain, and true to its name, there was a plume of vapor rising above it. Paso de Cortes, the saddle or pass between the volcanoes is visible. Of the two volcanoes, Popo is more aesthetic as it is conical. Sybille Bedford, when seeing these volcanoes, wrote in the 1950's "Japanese contoured shapes of pastel blue and porcelain snow, and thin formal curls of smoke afloat in a limpid sky."
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2013-01-01): Photo by José Macías, 1995 (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México). Popocatépetl volcano is seen here to the south from the Iztaccíhuatl summit ridge. Unlike the eroded Iztaccíhuatl volcano, which has been infrequently active during the Holocene, Popocatépetl has been vigorously active. [...] Photo by Hugo Delgado-Granados, (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México). The N-S-trending Popocatépetl-Iztaccíhuatl volcanic chain lies between the Valley of Mexico and the Puebla basin. Snow-capped Iztaccíhuatl volcano lies just above the center of the image. The city of Texmelucan can be seen at the upper right. Across the Paso de Cortés from Iztaccíhuatl is steaming Popocatépetl volcano, located SE of the city of Amecameca (mid-left margin). A voluminous prehistorical lava field from Popocatépetl forms the forested lobe extending about 20 km down the eastern flank at the lower right. [...] Photo by Juan Manuel Espíndola, 1991 (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México). Iztaccíhuatl (left) and Popocatepetl (right), two of the highest volcanoes in Mexico, are seen from the SW on a rare smog-free day. The morphology of Iztaccíhuatl is due to multiple vents across the summit region . Fresh snowfall at Popocatepetl covers periodic ashfall deposits.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2016-10-06): El Pico de Orizaba, or Citlaltépetl (= "star"), is Mexico’s highest peak, rising to a summit 5,610 meters (18,406 feet) above sea level. The third highest peak in North America, it is also that region’s highest volcano, responsible for major eruptions in 1569, 1613 and 1687. The mountain was first explored by scientists as long ago as 1838. [...] My thanks to Dr. Winston Crausaz. the author of Pico de Orizaba or Citlaltepetl (Geopress International, 1993), whose valuable comment on the original post (see below) has now been incorporated into the updated version above. Mexico’s volcanoes, mountains and relief features are examined in chapters 2 and 3 of Geo-Mexico: the geography and dynamics of modern Mexico.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2013-01-01): March-April explosions. The March and April explosions destroyed most of the former central lava dome and formed a new crater ~ 1 km in diameter and slightly elongate NW-SE. In early June, there were several explosion pits on the floor of the new crater, all of which were filled with boiling water or mud and were emitting vapor. Although heavy rains had compacted the ash, 3-4 m remained at the rim of the new crater. [...] Further Reference. Armienta M.A., De la Cruz-Reyna S., and Macías, J.L., 2000, Chemical characteristics of the crater lakes of Popocatepetl, El Chichón, and Nevado de Toluca volcanoes, Mexico: JVGR 97, p. 105-125. Information Contacts: Silvia Ramos, Monitoreo Volcanológioc y Sismológico, Chiapas, México, Río Cantela 221, Fracc Paraíso II, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, México; M. Aurora Armienta, Instituto de Geofisica, UNAM, México 04510, D.F., México.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2016-10-02): Popocatepetl volcano is 5452 m in altitude and capped by glaciers with a long Late Pleistocene-Holocene history. Volcanic activity has been intense during the last 10 000 years. Therefore, the valleys at the NE foothills of the volcano, covered by air-fall ejecta and drained by the runoff of the glaciers, became very attractive to ancient inhabitants of the Xalizintla Valley (XV) west of Puebla City, because of fertility of soils. The XV was occupied by humans about 2000 years ago who witnessed five events related to volcanic activity related to Popo. These events, described in this paper, are being taken into account for volcanic risk evaluation since several towns with a population of more than 23 000 people reoccupied again the Xalizintla Valley. [...] NASA Terra spacecraft shows Mexico active Popocatepetl volcano, located about 40 miles southeast of Mexico City, spewing water vapor, gas, ashes and glowing rocks since its most recent eruption period began in April 2012.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Puebla, which was founded ex nihilo in 1531, is situated about 100 km east of Mexico City, at the foot of the Popocatepetl volcano. It has preserved its great religious structures such as the 16th–17th-century cathedral and fine buildings like the old archbishop's palace, as well as a host of houses with walls covered in tiles (azulejos). The new aesthetic concepts resulting from the fusion of European and American styles were adopted locally and are peculiar to the Baroque district of Puebla. [...] - Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the Slopes of Popocatepetl The Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the Slopes of Popocatepetl is a serial property with 15 component parts located in the states of Morelos, Puebla and Tlaxcala in Mexico, built as part of the evangelisation and colonisation of the northern territories of Mexico. They are in an excellent state of conservation and are good examples of the architectural style adopted by the first missionaries – Franciscans, Dominicans and Augustinians – who converted the indigenous populations to Christianity in the early 16th century. They also represent an example of a new architectural concept in which open spaces, including wide atria and posa chapels, are of renewed importance. The influence of this style is felt throughout the Mexican territory and even beyond its borders.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2018-06-11): Popocatepetl volcano is 5452 m in altitude and capped by glaciers with a long Late Pleistocene-Holocene history. Volcanic activity has been intense during the last 10 000 years. Therefore, the valleys at the NE foothills of the volcano, covered by air-fall ejecta and drained by the runoff of the glaciers, became very attractive to ancient inhabitants of the Xalizintla Valley (XV) west of Puebla City, because of fertility of soils. The XV was occupied by humans about 2000 years ago who witnessed five events related to volcanic activity related to Popo. These events, described in this paper, are being taken into account for volcanic risk evaluation since several towns with a population of more than 23 000 people reoccupied again the Xalizintla Valley.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2019-01-10): I lay down in my sleeping bag and try to identify the sound I’m hearing, like distant thunder. It could be a number of things: the sound could be fiery lava-balls ejected from the top of Popocatepetl. Or the ubiquitous use of dynamite for mining, which across Mexico sounds like the continuous refrain of artillery fire. [...] It was my plan to reach Veracruz today but it’s late, and I still have forty kilometers to go. I don’t want to bunker down in this desolate village, so close to being done, but fear I won’t make it to Veracruz until after sundown. Riding my bike after dark in Mexico is something I’m not willing to do.
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2019-03-22): The claims made in the post are from DMK’s 2016 Assembly Elections manifesto. Also, the election promises made by DMK are misinterpreted to justify their claim. DMK just promised setting up a high-level committee to consider the demands of people to own the temple land under a legal framework. Hence the claim made in the post is MISLEADING.
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2019-03-22): "DMK manifesto Page 112...People occupying encroached temple lands will be regularised and ownership transferred. Page 85...Encroached Waqf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to Wakf," tweeted academic and Bharatiya Janata Party supporter Madhu Kishwar on March 21. Her message has garnered over 6,000 retweets already. The Tamil Nadu based Dravida Munnetra Kazagham launched its manifesto for the 2019 Lok Sabha elections on March 19, in which it announced a slew of promises. Kishwar has insinuated discrimination against the majority community in the party manifesto, claiming that Pages 85 and 112 of the manifesto suggest that while encroached Waqf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to the Waqf board. [...] The 2016 manifesto of the DMK referred to protecting both Waqf properties and temple lands.
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2023-10-09): CHENNAI: In its response to recent allegations made by Prime Minister Narendra Modi against the DMK-led state government on the alleged misuse of temple properties and funds, the DMK IT wing on Sunday posted a 2.44-minute video on its official social media account, highlighting the DMK-led government’s extensive efforts to reclaim temple properties that had been encroached upon and misused by BJP functionaries. The video also underscores the saffron party’s push to free temples from the control of the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments (HR&CE) department. [...] The video suggests that the HR&CE’s proactive actions in arresting BJP functionaries involved in these irregularities and reclaiming encroached temple properties have caused apprehension within the BJP. Commenting on the development, a DMK state-level functionary who preferred anonymity said, "The HR&CE department meticulously maintains records of temple properties and undergoes regular audits. However, income and properties of temples associated with various mutts in the state are continuously dwindling, with no proper accounting or audits." [...] In response to the claims made by DMK IT wing, BJP’s state vice president, Narayanan Thirupathy, said, "We do not condone wrongdoing, regardless of the party affiliation of the accused. The HR&CE department should reflect on its responsibility for temple land encroachments and improper occupation. The DMK IT wing’s video exposes the department’s shortcomings in protecting temple properties. Therefore, we have been advocating for the liberation of temples from government control for the past four decades."
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2024-10-09): The DMK’s election manifesto has upset the Hindu community in Tamil Nadu. The Dravidian party’s announcement in its manifesto that it would establish a land Bank for protecting vacant land belonging to temples and its proposal to consider the demand of the people who are offering to purchase temple land is seen by Hindus across the State as an attempt by the DMK to grab temple land. The Dravidian parties, especially the DMK has been in the forefront in helping party leaders and associates in grabbing land belonging to the temples. The DMK’s announcement that it would consider the request by the people who are offering to purchase temple land is nothing but an attempt to legalise land grabbing," TR Ramesh, Temple Worshippers Society, told The Pioneer. Ramesh has been waging legal wars against land grabbing by successive Dravidian Governments over the last one decade. [...] She pointed out the hypocrisy and double standard of the DMK while dealing with issues concerning the Wakf Board. "The DMK manifesto declares that the properties of the Wakf Board would be recovered from encroachers and protected. Why the DMK is not doing the same with the temple lands which have been encroached upon by the politicians and their associates," asked Anandan.
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2021-10-04): How Tamil Nadu is battling temple land encroachers [...] To top it all, the Madras High Court on September 15 directed the HR&CE department to issue a public notification calling upon encroachers of temple properties to voluntarily surrender the lands within a stipulated time failing which criminal proceedings would be initiated against them, including detention under the Goonda Act. The court also ordered the constitution of a special cell to retrieve the encroached temple properties. [...] Chief Minister M.K. Stalin has cautioned that there will be no partisan politics in the clearing of the encroachments. "Action will be initiated after a thorough probe against elected representatives, present or past, and officials. Whoever is at fault will have to face the music," emphasises Sekar Babu. The government’s plan is to start colleges and other educational institutions on these temple lands in order to ensure a steady income for the temples.
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2023-03-28): The MK Stalin-led DMK government has recovered nearly 4,500 acres of illegally encroached temple land over the past year in Tamil Nadu, and restored them to the respective temples. This action was among its key poll promises ahead of the 2021 Assembly election. [...] The recovery is a daunting and uphill task, acknowledged DMK leaders and government officials. There are numerous obstacles, not the least being the legal tangles around each inch of temple land. The other key issue is the resistance, be it of the encroachers or the tenants of the land. That the DMK has a history of atheism is not helping. [...] "They (DMK) cannot claim it (recovery of 4,500 acres of temple land) as their achievement," said Thirupathy. "They are merely executing a Madras High Court order," he said citing the April 2022 directions issued by Justices R Mahadevan and PD Audikesavalu to recover "every inch of" encroached temple land.
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2019-03-22): Indian academic Madhu Purnima Kishwar took to Twitter on Thursday to insinuate that the DMK had scant regard for lands belonging to Hindu temples in Tamil Nadu. As per her tweet, the Dravidian major's manifesto had promised that "people occupying encroached temple lands will be regularised and ownership transferred" and right below that she claimed that the DMK had assured "Encroached Waqf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf". DMK Manifesto Page 112.. [...] On page 111 of the DMK's 2016 English manifesto, under the sub heading 'Hindu Religious & Charitable Endowment Department' (HRCE), the document states, "Besides regulating and collecting rent to be received by the temple trust from temple lands, a Land Bank will be established for protecting vacant land belonging to temple. Moreover, a high level committee led by a retired judge will be constituted for considering the demand of people, who are offering to purchase the temple land within the legal frame work."
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2024-10-05): - Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (MDMK), founded on 6 May 1994 by Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha Vaiko. [...] - ^ "DMK's sonny-come-lately". Tehelka. 13 May 2006. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012. Retrieved 11 November 2013. [...] - ^ "DMK homepage". Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2016-04-23): The Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam’s promise to form a high-level committee led by a retired judge to consider the demand of people who are offering to purchase temple land within the legal framework has evoked strong criticism. However, the DMK has clarified that there was no intention to sell the properties outright. "The DMK is blatantly appeasing the minority. While the party will not consider giving patta to encroachers of Wakf Board land, they are ready to sell temple land without any qualms," alleged Bharatiya Janata Party’s national secretary H. Raja. [...] DMK’s manifesto committee chairman T.R. Baalu, however, has clarified that there was no proposal to sell the properties outright.
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2019-03-22): On Thursday, 21 March, writer MadhuPurnima Kishwar tweeted out a post, claiming that the manifesto of DMK was anti-Hindu in stance, and that page 85 and 112 of the document stated that people occupying temple lands would be regularised, their ownership transferred and that encroached Wakf lands would be reclaimed and handed back to the body. [...] Since Kishwar’s tweet about DMK’s manifesto came ahead of the 2019 Lok Sabha elections and just days after the party released their manifesto for the same, it was ostensibly put out in the 2019 context. However, DMK’s manifesto for the upcoming elections does not even have a page 85 or a page 112, since it is a 76-page document at the most. [...] In fact, in further tweets by Kishwar where screenshots of the manifesto were attached, the only indication that the document was older was the URL of the document. Kishwar’s tweet simply read: "DMK Manifesto downloaded from their website confirms their anti Hindu stance". This leaves open the assumption that one is speaking of the most recent manifesto.
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2019-03-25): The latest example is a tweet by Madhu Kishwar, editor of the journal, Manushi. Her tweet read: "DMK manifesto Page 112...People occupying encroached temple lands will be regularised and ownership transferred. Page 85...Encroached Waqf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to Wakf." After reading this tweet, those who are aligned with the ruling party at the Centre called and asked us why The Hindu has been silent on these crucial issues. The problem does not lie with The Hindu because the DMK manifesto was only 76 pages and was widely circulated both in English and Tamil. Can a newspaper buy such disinformation from a partisan social media activist at the cost of truth? Contrary to Ms. Kishwar’s religiously polarising politics, the DMK’s manifesto talks about functioning without prejudice towards any religion in the country. When I explained this, some of Ms. Kishwar’s apologists tried to invoke the DMK’s 2016 manifesto for the Legislative Assembly elections to justify her outlandish claims. But a reading of the 2016 manifesto of the party does not reveal any preferential treatment for any religion. It talks about the party’s commitment to protect the assets belonging to various places of worship irrespective of the religion.
Claim: DMK Manifesto: ‘People occupying encroached Temple lands will be regularized and ownership transferred’, ‘Encroached Wakf properties will be reclaimed and handed over to wakf’ (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-03-22)
Evidence (2023-10-09): Encroached temple lands worth Rs 5,300 crore recovered since May 2021: TN