copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2009-06-22): Herbal remedies, also known as botanical medicine, have been used in many traditional medicine systems. They are produced from all parts of a plant including the roots, leaves, berries and flowers. These may contain active ingredients that can cause chemical changes in the body. Herbal remedies can be taken by mouth or applied to the skin to treat disease and promote health. Sometimes herbs and plants are categorised as biological treatments. [...] There is no reliable scientific evidence that herbal remedies alone can cure or treat cancer. However, some plant extracts have been found to have anti-cancer effects and have been turned into chemotherapy drugs. These include vincristine from the periwinkle plant, and taxanes from the bark of the Pacific yew tree. [...] Herbal medicines are often used to help with the side effects of conventional cancer treatments, such as lowering fatigue and improving wellbeing. Evidence shows they should be used in addition to conventional therapies, rather than as an alternative.
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2021-06-07): Chapter 17Herbs and Spices in Cancer Prevention and Treatment [...] Kaefer CM, Milner JA. Herbs and Spices in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. In: Benzie IFF, Wachtel-Galor S, editors. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects. 2nd edition. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press/Taylor & Francis; 2011. Chapter 17. Herbs and Spices in Cancer Prevention and Treatment - Herbal Medicine
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2023-11-17): Social media posts wrongly claim that herbs can cure every disease including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s [...] Factually inaccurate: No herbal product has been proven effective for treating chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s. While several drugs are available to manage these conditions and improve the patient’s quality of life, they have currently no cure. [...] One instance of that type of misinformation is a Facebook reel published on 6 November 2023 claiming that herbs can cure "every disease", from cancer to diabetes and Alzheimer’s. The reel was viewed more than 200,000 times and received over 10,000 interactions.
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2024-08-16): Milk thistle may be useful in treating liver disease, cancer, and diabetes. But the evidence is limited, and some research methodologies are flawed, so it’s difficult to confirm these effects. [...] Milk thistle has been used as a traditional remedy for neurological conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease for over two thousand years. [...] These studies have also seen that milk thistle may be able to reduce the number of amyloid plaques in the brains of animals with Alzheimer’s disease.
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2022-07-19): Many medicines — prescription, over the counter, or herbal remedies — can be dangerous or even deadly when mixed with alcohol. Many older people take medications every day, making this a particular concern.
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2024-01-01): The use of herbs is a time-honored approach to strengthening the body and treating disease. However, herbs can trigger side effects and interact with other herbs, supplements, or medications. For these reasons, herbs should be taken with care, under the supervision of a health care provider qualified in the field of botanical medicine. [...] May BH, Lit M, Xue CC, Yang AW, Zhang AL, Owens MD, et al. Herbal medicine for dementia: a systematic review. Phytother Res. 2008 Dec 11;23(4):447-459. [...] Vellas B, Coley N, Ousset PJ, et al.; GuidAge Study Group. Long-term use of standardised Ginkgo biloba extract for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease (GuidAge): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2012 Oct;11(10):851-9. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70206-5. Review.
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2024-02-28): Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, and memory loss are conditions for which science has no cure. The FTC and the FDA have issued warning letters to some companies that have made claims — with no proof — that their products can treat or cure Alzheimer’s disease and other conditions. The truth is: [...] If you or someone you love has cancer, know that scammers often try to take advantage of the anxiety and worry that often comes with a diagnosis. You may be tempted to try supposed "miracle" cancer-fighting products — like pills, powders, and herbs — that you’ve seen advertised or heard about from family and friends. Maybe you’ve even heard about some foreign clinics offering supposed "miracle" treatments not available in the U.S. Whether you’re looking in the U.S. or abroad, know this: [...] Under federal law, no one can promote dietary supplements for the treatment of a disease. That’s because supplements aren't proven to be safe and effective. Dishonest companies may make false claims like: "Helps prevent Alzheimer’s disease," "stop arthritis pain forever," "cures eye disease," "traditional remedy for heart disease, prostate cancer, erectile dysfunction," and "prevents allergies." If you spot those claims, stop and tell the FTC at ReportFraud.ftc.gov.
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2022-12-16): Howes, M. R., Fang, R. & Houghton, P. J. Effect of Chinese herbal medicine on Alzheimer’s disease. Int. Rev. Neurobiol.135, 29–56 (2017). Li, Q. et al. Current progress on neuroprotection induced by Artemisia, Ginseng, Astragalus, and Ginkgo traditional Chinese medicines for the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease. Oxid. Med. Cell Longev.2022, 1–21 (2022). [...] Zeng, B. Y. Effect and mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine on Parkinson’s disease. Int. Rev. Neurobiol.135, 57–76 (2017).
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2021-02-19): Herbal remedies and traditional medicines are used by millions of people around the world. Chamomile can make us feel soothed and relaxed, while ginger can boost digestion and echinacea is thought to support the immune system. Medicinal herbs, leaves and roots are used to prevent and treat common ailments from colds and anxiety to nausea and skin ailments. [...] Today, plants are helping to cure some of the world's deadliest diseases. According to the World Health Organisation, globally the most common causes of death are heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory infections and Alzheimer diseases and other dementias. Diarrhoeal diseases, cancer and diabetes are also big killers. There are treatments that were originally derived from nature available for almost all of them. [...] Childhood leukaemia is treated with drugs derived from the Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus, a decorative herb native to the island of Madagascar. The Indigenous People of the island traditionally use the plant to treat diabetes. When western researchers were investigating its chemical properties in the 1950s, they realised that extracts from the plant contained chemicals with anti-cancer properties.
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2024-03-26): However, sometimes inflammation persists, day in and day out, even when you are not threatened by a foreign invader. That's when inflammation can become your enemy. Many major diseases that plague us — including cancer, heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, depression, and Alzheimer's — have been linked to chronic inflammation.
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2024-06-25): The evidence: There is no evidence that castor oil can fight cancer. This underscores the importance of About Herbs in providing trustworthy information while helping to debunk false claims, especially given how easily they get shared and amplified on social media.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2023-03-31): Viral shedding is associated with live attenuated vaccines, such as the MMR vaccine and chickenpox vaccine. This occurs because the weakened viruses used in live vaccines still retain the ability to reproduce themselves using our cells’ protein-making machinery. However, none of the COVID-19 vaccines available to date use live viruses. In addition, COVID-19 mRNA vaccines don’t induce high-enough levels of spike protein production that would lead the protein to be excreted. Scientific studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes shedding, but not vaccination.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2024-05-23): Such allegations resurfaced in the fall when a viral Oct. 27 blog post claimed that "Pfizer Confirms COVID-Vaccinated People Can 'Shed' Spike Proteins And Harm The Unvaccinated," noted Poynter.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2021-07-15): Even if you could shed spike protein after vaccination, that wouldn’t be enough to cause an infection. For that you need the entire virus, which the vaccines don’t contain. [...] In England, people who became infected despite being vaccinated with either the Pfizer or AstraZeneca vaccines (known as a breakthrough infection), were only half as likely to pass their infection on to household contacts compared to infected people who were not vaccinated. In Israel, people who had a breakthrough infection after the Pfizer vaccine had less virus cultured from their nose than people who had not been vaccinated.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2022-10-21): On Dec. 3, 2020, Pfizer’s CEO, Albert Bourla, told NBC News it was still unknown if vaccinated people could carry the virus and spread it to others. "I think this is something that needs to be examined. We are not certain about that right now," he said. Yet recent online posts claim, as if it were breaking news, that a Pfizer executive "admits" the vaccine was never tested for whether it prevented transmission. Social media posts claim the supposed "shocking admission" was "criminal" and "indisputable proof of the fact that our governments lied to us." [...] "BREAKING: In COVID hearing, #Pfizer director admits: #vaccine was never tested on preventing transmission. ‘Get vaccinated for others’ was always a lie. The only purpose of the #COVID passport: forcing people to get vaccinated. The world needs to know. Share this video!" said the post, which got 232,600 likes and 138,500 shares in less than two days.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2022-10-21): Viral Pfizer 'admission' not what it seems A claim that a Pfizer spokeswoman "admitted" that the company's COVID-19 vaccine was "never tested on preventing transmission" is not quite right, CheckMate has found. In a video viewed close to 13 million times on Twitter alone, Rob Roos, a Dutch member of the European Parliament, alleges that a Pfizer director "admitted" that "at the time of introduction, the vaccine had never been tested on stopping the transmission of the virus".
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2023-12-12): Some Vaccine Shedding Is Expected [...] Shedding is common after receiving a live attenuated influenza vaccine, according to the CDC, especially among younger people. Shedding is not the same as transmission, since transmission requires a larger amount of virus. Transmission of shed influenza vaccine viruses from vaccinated to unvaccinated people has been documented, according to the agency, "but has not been reported to be associated with serious illness," the CDC explains. Close contacts of immunocompromised people can receive the live attenuated influenza vaccine, unless the person with immunocompetence is in a protective environment, according to the agency. [...] But sometimes the vaccine virus can change back into a more dangerous virus that can cause paralysis. This happens when the virus accumulates mutations after circulating for a long time in populations with low rates of vaccination or in immunocompromised people. This strain of vaccine-derived poliovirus can shed and infect others, putting unvaccinated people at risk of getting polio.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2022-01-20): A Pfizer representative clarified he had been referring to research suggesting while "two doses of [Pfizer-BioNTech's Covid vaccine] may not be sufficient to protect against infection with the Omicron variant", vaccinated people were thought to still be protected against severe disease. [...] Claims Pfizer had "admitted... current vaccines 'do not work'" or "offer 'zero' protection against Covid-19", linking to Mr Paul's YouTube clip, then spread across numerous online platforms.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2021-05-15): Offit said an example of a vaccine that sheds or creates what’s called contact immunity is the oral polio vaccine, which is no longer in use in the U.S. In that case, Offit said, people are given virus strains through the mouth; the virus then reproduces in the intestine and is shedded in the feces. Unvaccinated people pick up the virus from the vaccine mostly by touching things a vaccinated person had touched, especially if that person didn’t adequately wash their hands. [...] Several online posts falsely claim Pfizer "admits" that unvaccinated people can be environmentally exposed to the spike protein "by inhalation or skin contact" if in close proximity with vaccinated people. [...] A Pfizer spokesperson said the vaccine does not cause shedding because it is not a live virus.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2021-11-09): A viral Oct. 27 blog post reads, "Pfizer Confirms COVID-Vaccinated People Can ‘Shed’ Spike Proteins And Harm The Unvaccinated." The claim can be traced to an April press release, when the hoax about vaccine shedding was proliferating. [...] The claim also says that "Pfizer confirmed" that people can shed spike proteins, which is unsubstantiated. This part of the claim appears to have originated with an April 29 tweet from Dr. Simone Gold, the founder of America’s Frontline Doctors who also was arrested for actions stemming from her participation in the Jan. 6 riot at the U.S. Capitol. [...] A blog post claims, "Pfizer Confirms COVID-Vaccinated People Can ‘Shed’ Spike Proteins And Harm The Unvaccinated."
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2021-10-27): A viral Oct. 27 blog post reads, "Pfizer Confirms COVID-Vaccinated People Can ‘Shed’ Spike Proteins And Harm The Unvaccinated." The claim can be traced to an April press release, when the hoax about vaccine shedding was proliferating. [...] Christians For Truth, "Pfizer Confirms COVID-Vaccinated People Can ‘Shed’ Spike Proteins And Harm The Unvaccinated," May 4, 2021 National Times Australia, "Pfizer Confirms COVID-Vaccinated People Can ‘Shed’ Spike Proteins And Harm The Unvaccinated," June 26, 2021
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2023-03-31): Misrepresents source: The section on "Occupational Exposure" in the Pfizer trial protocol isn’t unique to the COVID-19 vaccine. It deals with unintended exposure to the vaccine, for example if a vial of vaccine broke and spilled onto a vaccinated person who then came into contact with others. It doesn’t constitute an admission that vaccinated people "shed" the vaccine. FULL CLAIM: "Pfizer admitted you can shed the vaccine from one vaccinated to an unvaccinated" [...] Another iteration of this claim seized on the clinical protocol for the Pfizer clinical trials to claim that Pfizer admitted that "shedding" from the vaccine occurs, as seen in this video of the Alex Jones Show from 2021 which was later reposted to Facebook in March 2023. The claim was made by podcaster and former Fox News host Kate Dalley.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2021-05-26): No, vaccine ‘shedding’ will not give unvaccinated people natural immunity [...] "They don’t want you to wear a mask now because those who are vaccinated will ‘shed’ the viral particles all over you," reads a May 25 Instagram post. "... Pfizer even said during trials not to be around pregnant women because they could miscarriage simply by ‘shedding’ from someone who was vacs-inated. You will become ‘vaccinated’ regardless of whether or not you received the shot." [...] That’s wrong. The only way to be vaccinated against COVID-19 is to receive a vaccine. It is biologically impossible for COVID-19 vaccines to result in virus shedding that will expose others to the virus, let alone in a way that would give unvaccinated people immunity.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2021-05-06): Medical experts and the CDC said it’s not biologically possible for the COVID-19 vaccine to "shed" or affect unvaccinated people, despite what anti-vaccine activists claim. The misinformation about "vaccine shedding" has had a real-world impact. One Miami private school recently instructed immunized teachers to stay away from students, citing the baseless claim that unvaccinated people can experience menstrual irregularities and other reproductive harm simply from interacting with vaccinated people. [...] PolitiFact previously debunked social media posts that claimed exposure to vaccinated people could trigger menstrual cycles and fertility problems in unvaccinated women, along with similar posts that said the vaccines could cause death or disease in unvaccinated people by shedding.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2021-05-06): CLAIM: Pfizer admits in its COVID-19 clinical trial protocol document that vaccinated people can "shed" the vaccine, emitting materials that can spread to unvaccinated people by inhalation or skin contact. [...] THE FACTS: Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine does not shed from person to person, nor has the company admitted any such thing. "The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is a synthetic mRNA vaccine and does not contain any virus particles. Because there is no virus produced in the body, no shedding occurs within the human body," Pfizer spokesperson Jerica Pitts told The Associated Press in an email. "The vaccine cannot be inhaled via shedding and can only enter the human body through an administered dose."
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2024-06-04): The mRNA (Moderna and Pfizer) vaccines do not contain live virus. Each of these contain a single gene from the virus that causes COVID-19. The gene instructs our cells to make the protein, but no other proteins from the virus are made, so whole virus particles are never present. In this manner, people who were vaccinated cannot shed, or spread, the virus to other people as a result of vaccination. If, however, the individual subsequently becomes infected, they can spread the virus during the days before and early during their infection. Of note, the amount of virus shed by vaccinated people quickly decreases, so they generally shed less virus overall compared to unvaccinated, infected individuals. This is also the case for the J&J/Janssen vaccine; however, that version is no longer available in the U.S. [...] Vaccinated people do not shed virus following vaccination. COVID-19 vaccines do not contain live viruses, nor do they cause production of whole viral particles. As such, there is no infectious virus to spread from a vaccinated person to someone else. But a vaccinated person can still be infected and potentially spread the virus to others. If they do not have symptoms, they may spread the virus without even knowing they are infected. While vaccinated individuals who become infected can be a source of viral spread, they do not appear to spread as much virus as unvaccinated individuals who become infected because their immune response is able to respond to the infection more quickly – shortening the length of infection and, therefore, the amount of virus produced.
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2021-05-20): The claim: Pfizer trial documents say vaccinated people can transmit vaccine to others through skin contact, with 'devastating' results [...] The claim that Pfizer trial documents say vaccinated people can transmit vaccine to others through skin contact, with "devastating" results, is FALSE, based on our research. Information in Pfizer’s document about exposure to the vaccine during pregnancy is common in clinical trials. COVID-19 vaccines do not contain live virus that can be passed on to someone else. - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, accessed May 20, Guidance for Industry - USA TODAY, April 12, Fact check: No evidence of miscarriage surge since vaccine rollout - USA TODAY, April 27, Fact check: No, interacting with a vaccinated person won't cause miscarriage or menstrual changes - USA TODAY, Dec. 14, 2020, Fact check: A false post on social media claims COVID-19 vaccine causes infertility in women - USA TODAY, May 7, Fact check: COVID-19 vaccinated people don’t ‘shed’ viral particles from the vaccine - Pfizer, accessed May 20, A PHASE 1/2/3, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, RANDOMIZED, OBSERVER-BLIND, DOSE FINDING STUDY TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY, TOLERABILITY, IMMUNOGENICITY, AND EFFICACY OF SARS-COV-2 RNA VACCINE CANDIDATES AGAINST COVID-19 IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, May 14, COVID-19 Vaccines While Pregnant or Breastfeeding - Duke University, accessed May 20, Carolyn Coyne, professor of molecular genetics and biology
Claim: Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people (Kate Dalley, 2023-03-31)
Evidence (2022-11-28): Short communication: SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in vaccinated and unvaccinated persons: A case series. Image Credit: NIAID [...] Therefore, the current study indicated that both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals were capable of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The results of this study suggest that transmission occurs early after infection and before the onset of symptoms. They also highlight the need for non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission in high-transmission settings. Further research is required to understand to what extent vaccinated individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection may be able to infect others and correlate viral shedding with illness among both unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals.