copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Solar forcings are not too small to explain twentieth century warming. In fact, their effect could be equal to or greater than the effect of CO2 in the atmosphere. (Craig Idso, Robert Carter, S. Fred Singer, 2017-03-05)
Evidence (2013-07-01): Considering the twentieth century as a whole, Munk (2002) described GMSLR as an "enigma": it began too early, it had too linear a trend, and it was too large. The first two problems relate to an expectation, based on a general understanding of the processes concerned, that in a warmer climate the rates of thermal expansion and of glacier mass loss will tend to increase. Therefore, we might suppose that these climate-related contributions to GMSLR increased during the twentieth century. However, the trend of GMSLR during recent decades was actually not very much larger than during the twentieth century as a whole. For instance, Church and White (2011) find 1.9 ± 0.4 mm yr−1 for 1961–2009 and 1.7 ± 0.2 mm yr−1 for 1900–2009. The third problem, of GMSLR being too large, is shown by the model-derived estimates of contributions reported by Church et al. (2001), which could explain only 50% of twentieth-century GMSLR; likewise, Moore et al. (2011) identify a substantial residual for 1850–1950. [...] Although we think that progress has been made toward accounting for twentieth-century GMSLR, it is evident that there are still substantial uncertainties in the contributions and in how they relate to global or regional climate change. A complete explanation remains to be achieved. This is an important goal, because it would put us in a better position to judge the reliability of models of the contributions, to attribute past GMSLR to climate forcings (anthropogenic or natural), and thus to increase our confidence in projecting future sea level rise.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2023-12-27): Onions contain nutrients like vitamins and antioxidants, which can provide health benefits when eaten. Rigorous scientific studies are necessary to determine whether foods or practices possess curative properties. There is no known scientific evidence to support the practice of placing raw onions on or against the body to cure viral infections.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2019-01-13): Many people put a raw onion in their sock or on their feet to help get rid of a cold or the flu. It is claimed that onions on your feet help to draw out infections and toxins from the body. Onions have many health benefits, but, is there scientific evidence to back up claims that raw onions inside a sock can cure a cold or the flu? Coming down with a cold or having the flu can make you feel awful. You might feel so bad that you are ready to try almost anything to alleviate your coughing, blocked sinuses, fever, and get rid of the infection. There are certainly many effective home remedies to treat infections including colds and flu. Should you be putting raw onions on the bottom of your feet or in your sock as a natural remedy for infections? [...] Many people believe that the health benefits of onions and the effects of reflexology combine to help to improve your health. Possibly, the beneficial nutrients of raw onion placed on the feet can help to draw out infections, kill toxins, and contribute to a better health.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2022-08-30): The article claims "the foot has more than 7,000 nerve endings" that are "associated with other body areas like the heart, sinuses, and brain". Putting onions on the feet means "their health benefits are quickly dispersed throughout important organs in a short amount of time". [...] US fact-checking site Snopes has also researched the claim, and rated it false. "The topical application of some chemicals in onions could kill bacteria externally," Snopes says. But sticking onions on your feet will not create "any change to the internal systems of one’s body, as claimed". [...] Hoax-Slayer also advises that "strapping an onion to your foot certainly will not take away your illness" and "leaving cut onion around the room won’t do the trick" either.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2015-04-25): Firstly thinking that putting onions on your feet would purify your blood is just simply impossible as the liver and kidneys handle that. More so Phosphoric acid is more of a irritant than anything else its commonly found in soft drinks, in the link found here you can find a compound summary for phosphoric acid from pubchem, and if your interested you can find many more possible uses of phosphoric acid at [wikipedia].2 [...] To conclude sleeping with onions touching your feet or anywhere else for that matter isn't going to do much, although eating them will give you some health benefits.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2022-01-13): People have used this old folk remedy to battle colds and the flu for generations. 5 The premise is that you slice a red or white onion into rounds. Then place a round on the bottom of each foot and cover your feet with a pair of socks to hold the onion in place. Next, go to sleep, and in the morning, you’ll wake up feeling fine. Claimed benefits of adding onions to your socks include cleaning the blood, drawing out toxins, fighting off fevers, cold, and the flu, and purifying the air around you. It’s also claimed to fight foot odor. (Is this because the onion smell covers any other odors?) [...] Another theory that gives rise to the use of onions comes from Chinese medicine. Placing an onion slice on the feet has been suggested to help open meridians found on the bottom of the feet to draw out toxins and sickness from the body. Just make sure to avoid eating the onions after they’ve been on the feet, as they’re thought to be contaminated with those toxins. (Not that many people would be tempted to eat foot onions.)
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2022-08-30): It reads: "If you come down with a cold or the flu, Slice a red or white onion into rounds, place them on the bottoms of your feet, and put on a pair of socks. Leave the socks on overnight as you sleep. In the morning, you’ll wake up cured of your illness."
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2024-09-04): One of the coolest ways to stimulate these meridians is to put an onion slice inside your socks (at the bottom of your feet) and wear them to bed. It can give off a stinky, pungent smell but it really works. [...] - Place the onion slice in your socks (under your foot, like a platform), and sleep as you usually do. [...] The onion-in-the-sock cure is a popular home remedy, but there is not enough scientific evidence to support it. Experts do agree that eating onions has health benefits. Onions applied topically, however, are not a medically validated remedy. Putting onions in socks to treat illness is an interesting idea at best. But remember that this is more of a home remedy than an established medical procedure. You can try it for fun, but it is not reliable for serious medical issues.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2019-07-03): Do we need to put onion on our feet overnight? No, that's not true: A number of websites and videos claim placing a sliced onion in your sock while you sleep delivers miraculous health benefits, including detoxifying your blood and making your feet smell better, but there is no evidence the process does that. [...] This is why you should put a slice of onion on the sole of your foot before you go to bed:This unusual method will literally heal you in your sleep.Take a red or white onion and cut it into flat slices.You want to make sure the onion slices can easily be applied to the bottom of your feet.Place the onion slice on the bottom of your feet and put on a pair of socks to keep them in place.That's it! As you sleep, the healing properties of the onion will sleep into your skin and absorb unwanted toxins that can make you sick.It will also work to purify the air in your bedroom and eliminate bacteria. [...] A: There is no scientific evidence that a cut raw onion absorbs germs or rids the air of toxins/poisons. A wives tale that dates back as far as the 1500s claims that placing a cut raw onion in rooms throughout a residence could protect its occupants from getting the bubonic plague. Long before germs were discovered, the dominant belief was contagious diseases were spread by miasma, or "noxious air."
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2024-01-20): FULL CLAIM: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet will take away illness A post shared on Facebook on 27 December 2023 claimed that chopped raw onions absorb toxins and purify air. The post also claimed that placing sliced raw onions against the feet can alleviate symptoms of sinus infections including cough. According to the claim, putting onions against the feet allows for the antibacterial benefits of the onion to be delivered directly into the bloodstream. [...] Placing raw onions against the feet appears to stem from principles of reflexology, a practice that massages pressure points—often in the feet—to alleviate symptoms of certain ailments. However, research on reflexology is typically of poor quality. One systematic review analyzing effectiveness of reflexology in palliative care found weak support for its benefits[2]. Another systematic review found only low-quality evidence to support reflexology’s benefits for short-term pain and anxiety[3].
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2023-05-09): Putting onions in your socks might sound odd, but onions have a long history as a medical remedy, and some people say this practice can treat infections, such as the cold or flu. According to the folk remedy, if you come down with a cold or the flu, all you have to do is slice a red or white onion into rounds, place them on the bottoms of your feet, and put on a pair of socks. Leave the socks on overnight as you sleep. [...] Putting onions in your socks won’t hurt you, but it probably won’t help, either. To get the full benefit from onions and to help your body recover from or prevent an illness, try eating them as part of a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2023-04-24): A video circulating on Facebook is spreading unproven claims about the supposed benefits of raw onions. In the video, Barbara O'Neill, an Australian naturopath and health lecturer, suggests placing raw onions on the soles of the feet to treat illnesses like colds and coughs. [...] Claims that placing onions on the soles of the feet can effectively alleviate cold or cough symptoms due to larger pores in that area are not supported by scientific evidence and consequently not endorsed by medical professionals. [...] There is no medical evidence to support the claim that placing raw onions on the soles of the feet can specifically target the chest or alleviate congestion. This claim is a myth and is a common folk remedy that lacks scientific credibility.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2020-04-29): I know, people think that this must be an old wives remedy- and well, it is. But this is so effective that I have had many fall in love with this little secret, and years later, they will still write to me to tell me that the onion foot poultice has worked against another ugly illness for them. [...] Onion poultices are great for warding off almost any sickness that is trying to settle in such as colds and flus and any other viruses. You can use it in the very beginning or to try to get relief once the sickness has settled in. [...] Slice an onion horizontally and place the ring or half ring on the bottom of your foot. If you would like, you can wrap this with saran wrap to keep the smell in or to help hold heat in the feet. I personally prefer that my feet breathe, so I leave off the saranwrap. Then carefully pull your sock over to hold the onion slice in place on your foot.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2023-07-17): Putting a raw onion inside a sock and sleeping with it overnight is a remedy that some people believe can treat a cold or the flu. However, more scientific research into this is necessary. [...] Before scientists identified germs as being responsible for illness, people believed that raw onions could purify the air in the room. When placed against the skin of the foot and kept in a sock, people thought that onion could cleanse the blood. People claimed this purification process could cure the common cold or the flu. [...] Although raw onions are not proven to cure a cold when put against the soles of the feet, onions do have some health benefits when eaten. They are a low-calorie, high-fiber, high-nutrient food and contain vitamin C. Eating onions may:
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2024-10-09): The post lists a number of onion health tips, leading with "For Coughs, Cold and Fever", stating "Onion effectively lowers high temperatures" and advising people to "slice a piece of onion and place it on the socks to lower body temperature". [...] Dr Schwarcz says placing onions in socks may have to do with reflexology, which applies pressure to the sole of the foot to treat disease. [...] The claim that placing a slice of raw onion on the soles of your feet and putting on socks will reduce a fever is false. Experts told AAP FactCheck there is no therapeutic effect from the home remedy and the claim is not supported by medical evidence.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2024-01-20): Folk remedy of placing raw onions on feet to cure illness lacks scientific evidence [...] A post shared on Facebook on 27 December 2023 claimed that chopped raw onions absorb toxins and purify air. The post also claimed that placing sliced raw onions against the feet can alleviate symptoms of sinus infections including cough. According to the claim, putting onions against the feet allows for the antibacterial benefits of the onion to be delivered directly into the bloodstream. [...] Placing raw onions against the feet appears to stem from principles of reflexology, a practice that massages pressure points—often in the feet—to alleviate symptoms of certain ailments. However, research on reflexology is typically of poor quality. One systematic review analyzing effectiveness of reflexology in palliative care found weak support for its benefits[2]. Another systematic review found only low-quality evidence to support reflexology’s benefits for short-term pain and anxiety[3].
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2023-07-27): Verywell / Laura Porter Onions As Prevention: Origins of the Remedy The onion cold remedy, which involves placing sliced onion in the bottom of your socks while asleep, has origins in both medieval healing and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Medieval Origins The idea that onions can prevent transmittable diseases dates back to the 1500s, according to the National Onion Association. During the bubonic plague, cut onions were placed around homes to keep people from contracting the deadly illness. At the time, it was believed that all illnesses were spread through the air as clouds of disease known as miasma (derived from the ancient Greek word for "pollution"). Miasma was meant to be something you could smell, and onions, with their distinctive smell, were thought to literally absorb miasma and provide protection. In medieval Italy, the concept of miasma even gave rise to the term malaria, literally translated as "bad air." In more recent history, people used onions in a room to provide protection against the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic. In one anecdote, a doctor was said to have ordered his patients to place cut onions in their homes, which he claimed kept them healthy while others around them did not.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2016-08-07): Myth Buster Can Placing Raw Onions In Socks Really Cure Illnesses? Or Is The Method A Myth? [...] They say you can do anything with an onion: Sauté ‘em, bake ‘em, fry ‘em, you name it. And believe it or not, millions of people believe placing onions in socks even has the power to cleanse toxins from the bloodstream and ward off illnesses like fever, colds and the flu. But where would they get this idea? And does the age-old method of placing onions on your feet to cure infections actually work? Considering thousands of people search for the onions in socks cure each month, we decided to find out. [...] Nowadays, the supposed healing power of onions is being thought of in an entirely different way than in the 1500s. The growing popularity of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has many believing that the body is made up of meridians, which are pathways from certain access points on the body to your internal organs. It is believed that slicing an onion and securing the slices to the bottom of the feet via a pair of socks can open up the numerous meridians located on the bottom of each foot, allowing the onion to draw out toxins, bacteria and sickness from the body, as well as purify the blood in the bloodstream and eliminate foot odor. The theory that onions soak up germs has become so persuasive, many believers are afraid to eat leftover onions used during cooking because they are thought to absorb bacteria and viruses in the surrounding environment and become toxic to ingest.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2017-01-24): Like so many questionable bits of scientific misinformation, the claim that putting onions on your feet will do something unspecified that has to do with "toxins" is repeated with similar or identical language on many different web sites. [...] The Chinese found that there are thousands of tiny nerve endings on the bottom of the feet. These nerve endings act as access points to the internal organs. They are also closely linked to the nervous system. Onions have strong anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties. When you cut an onion and place it on the bottom of the foot, it gets right to work removing toxins and healing your body. [...] All things considered, the evidence presented to support this fairly outlandish notion is either false or misleading, and we cannot find any plausible mechanism for a raw cut onion stuffed in your sock to reduce any disease.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2022-10-12): Did you know that sleeping with a slice of onion on your feet may help with fevers, colds and even the flu? [...] But why the feet? There is a vast amount of nerve endings in the soles of the feet, which serve as pathways to vital organs. According to traditional medicine, these connection points are called meridians. They act as a powerful electrical circuit that, when stimulated, provides access to the rest of the body. Because of this, it is believed that, by sleeping with onions on the soles of your feet, you can transfer all the beneficial properties of the onions to the rest of the body. It is believed that by doing so, the onion slices can open the meridians located on the bottom of each foot, and draw out toxins, bacteria and sickness. And, as mentioned before, it can purify the blood and even help reduce foot odour. By placing onions on your feet, you can:
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2008-06-09): Onion improves circulation and breaks up thick mucus and congestion, making it a great remedy for colds. It helps soften the lymph node, making it soothing for painful swollen glands in the neck. Onions can be placed into a rounded pouch or a flat envelope, if used for the ear, swollen glands, or feet. [...] For chest colds, place an onion poultice on the chest and wrap with a scarf. Onion poultices can also be applied to the feet by way of onion socks. To make one, put the prepared onion in small pouch and place the securely tied poultice in a sock. Fit the sock on your child's foot, so that the pouch securely stays in place on the sole of her foot. Let your child sleep overnight with the onion sock. For swollen glands, place a cloth envelope of chopped onion over the swollen glands and wrap with a scarf. In addition to treating colds, onion poultice socks can be used for earaches, teething, and bladder infections.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2022-06-14): Currently, scientific evidence does not support the claim that applying onions to a part of the body, such as feet, could cure illness. Scientific evidence also does not support the claim that cut onions can absorb viruses and bacteria in a room. Onions have many health benefits that have been scientifically studied and proven, but no studies have been conducted to support the above claims. [...] Research has been done to assess the ancient (primarily Chinese) practice of foot reflexology, which connects to the claim that putting onions on the feet could help relieve illness. A review of foot reflexology studies showed little evidence that foot reflexology is an effective practice for treating most medical conditions. Some research shows that it could actually make some conditions worse. However, the overall quality of research on reflexology is very low overall. [...] Claims can be found in both eastern and western societies about the medicinal properties of onions. Some widely circulated claims include putting onions in one's socks to cure flu-like illness and placing cut onions in rooms to absorb toxins. While onions have some known medicinal properties, there is no scientific evidence about the above claims, and these are largely considered to be myths.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2020-01-01): Briggs, W. H., Folts, J. D., Osman, H. E., and Goldman, I. L. Administration of raw onion inhibits platelet-mediated thrombosis in dogs. J.Nutr. 2001;131(10):2619-2622. View abstract.
Claim: Placing raw onion on the bottom of the feet eliminates illness (Social Media Users, 2023-12-27)
Evidence (2024-09-11): A: A wives’ tale that dates back as far as the 1500s claims that placing a cut raw onion in rooms could protect its occupants from getting the bubonic plague. Long before germs were discovered, the dominant belief was contagious diseases were spread by miasma, or "noxious air." While false, this belief about Onions & Flu remained part of folk medicine through the 19th century, claiming to ward off epidemics such as smallpox, influenza, and other "infectious fevers." As well an anecdote from the 1919 influenza epidemic claims cut onions placed around the house will fight off the flu virus. While still many people swear by the onion in bedroom for cough, the method have never been proven. Cold and flu viruses are spread by contact, not by floating in the air where the onion can supposedly attract or destroy them. Even snopes.com has busted this myth. [...] In short, there is no scientific evidence that a cut raw onion absorbs germs or rids the air of toxins/poisons.