copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2023-01-01): More than 90% of climate scientists have concluded that human-caused global warming is happening. It is well-established that human activity is the dominant cause of the warming experienced over the past 50 years. This conclusion is based on multiple lines of evidence, from basic physics to the patterns of climate change through the layers of the atmosphere. The warming of global climate and its causes are not matters of opinion, they are matters of scientific evidence, and that evidence is clear. [...] The vast majority of published climate science papers in the 1970s were related to the same concern that prevails today: warming due to the increase in heat-trapping gases. There were a few papers published at that time on the issue of particle pollution (mostly from coal plants which did not yet have scrubbers) blocking out some of the incoming sunlight and exerting a short-term cooling influence. Some media outlets picked up on this and sensationalized the notion of global cooling, contrary to the concerns of most climate scientists. Because it has been a persistent myth that scientists warned of cooling in the 1970s, researchers examined this question and published their findings in 2008 in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. They concluded: "There was no scientific consensus in the 1970s that the earth was headed into an imminent ice age. Indeed the possibility of anthropogenic [human-caused] warming dominated the peer-reviewed literature even then."
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2010-12-21): Myth No. 1: What global warming? Earth has actually been cooling since 1998. Some people skeptical of global warming claim that Earth’s global surface temperatures have been falling or have leveled off since 1998. They point to data now several years out of date from U.K. researchers that put 1998 as the warmest year on record. They also point to an unusually cool summer in North America in 2009 followed by an abnormally cold winter across the northern hemisphere. People who had to shovel record snows from their driveways or live without power during ferocious snowstorms in the northeastern United States began to doubt decades of scientific evidence on global warming. [...] People who dispute evidence of recent global warming sometimes point to two episodes in the past 1,000 years called the Little Ice Age and the Medieval Warm Period — times when northern hemisphere temperatures were higher or lower than average for decades or even centuries — as examples of internal variability, a kind of natural randomness in the climate system that can’t be explained by any specific forcing. If true, perhaps internal variability could explain the current rapid global warming, skeptics argue. In other words, maybe our current warming is just an unlucky roll of the dice, a blip rather than a long term trend.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2024-02-20): The reasoning behind those actions has been hard to pin down. Trump has repeatedly denounced global warming as a "hoax" and a Chinese plot to undermine U.S. manufacturing. But then, in a January 2019 press conference, Trump also said "nothing’s a hoax" about climate change. Many of those he had named to head various agencies, including Rick Perry at the Department of Energy and Scott Pruitt at the Environmental Protection Agency, questioned or denied the role of carbon dioxide in climate change. But when reporters have directly asked whether Trump believes global warming is real, White House press secretaries have skirted the question. It’s hard to tell whether his administration is skeptical about the scientific fact of the climate crisis or simply the urgency of doing anything about it. [...] CLAIM 2: The alleged "hockey stick" graph of temperatures over the past 1,600 years has been disproved. It doesn’t even acknowledge the existence of a "medieval warm period" around a.d. 1000 that was hotter than today is. Therefore, global warming is a myth. [...] Yet that rarely occurs. In 2004 historian of science Naomi Oreskes published a landmark analysis of the peer-reviewed literature on global warming, "The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change." Out of 928 papers whose abstracts she surveyed, she wrote, 75 percent explicitly or implicitly supported anthropogenic global warming, 25 percent were methodological or otherwise took no position on the subject—and none argued for purely natural explanations. Notwithstanding some attempts to debunk Oreskes’s findings that eventually fell apart, her conclusion stands.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2023-12-20): Despite persistent and ominous predictions from scientists and advocates, equally persistent sources continue to circulate misinformation and cast doubt on what is a widely accepted truth among thousands of scientists: Climate change is real and it’s caused by humans.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2022-10-12): USGCRP (2017). Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume 1 [Wuebbles, D.J., D.W. Fahey, K.A. Hibbard, D.J. Dokken, B.C. Stewart, and T.K. Maycock (eds.)]. U.S. Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, USA, 470 pp, doi: 10.7930/J0J964J6.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2022-12-28): Less than 1% of the research papers they reviewed rejected the idea of human influence on our climate. And while 66.4% of the abstracts expressed no position on the anthropogenic factor, 32.6% endorsed it. Further analysis of the latter figure revealed a 97.1% consensus on human-caused climate change. [...] And a 2019 analysis of 11,602 peer-reviewed articles on climate change published in the first seven months of 2019 found scientists have reached 100% agreement on anthropogenic global warming. That research was carried out by a James Lawrence Powell, an American geologist and author of 11 books on climate change and Earth science.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2024-10-05): In 2013, a study which found that out of over 4,000 peer-reviewed papers on climate science published since 1990, 97% agree, explicitly or implicitly, that global warming is happening and is human-caused.[37][38] Surveys of scientists' views on climate change – with a focus on human caused climate change – have been undertaken since the 1970s.[20][21] A 2016 reanalysis confirmed that "the finding of 97% consensus [that humans are causing recent global warming] in published climate research is robust and consistent with other surveys of climate scientists and peer-reviewed studies."[39] A 2019 study found scientific consensus to be at 100%,[6] and a 2021 study found that consensus exceeded 99%.[7] [...] In 2017, James L. Powell analyzed five surveys of the peer-reviewed literature from 1991 to 2015, and found that they amounted to a combined 54,195 articles, few of which had outright rejected anthropogenic climate change, resulting in an average consensus of 99.94%.[79] In November 2019, his survey of over 11,600 peer-reviewed articles published in the first seven months of 2019 showed that the consensus had reached 100%.[6] [...] - ^ Sheppard, Kate (1 December 2012). "CHART: Only 0.17 Percent of Peer-Reviewed Papers Question Global Warming". Mother Jones. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2024-02-20): So-called "global warming skeptics" are indeed getting more vocal than ever, and banding together to show their solidarity against the scientific consensus that has concluded that global warming is caused by emissions from human activities. [...] Most skeptics attribute global warming—few if any doubt any longer that the warming itself is occurring, given the worldwide rise in surface temperature—to natural cycles, not emissions from power plants, automobiles and other human activity. "The observational evidence…suggests that any warming from the growth of greenhouse gases is likely to be minor, difficult to detect above the natural fluctuations of the climate, and therefore inconsequential," says atmospheric physicist Fred Singer, an outspoken global warming skeptic and founder of the advocacy-oriented Science and Environmental Policy Project. [...] But scientists have not been able to validate any such reasons for the current warming trend, despite exhaustive efforts. And a raft of recent peer reviewed studies—many which take advantage of new satellite data—back up the claim that it is emissions from tailpipes, smokestacks (and now factory farmed food animals, which release methane) that are causing potentially irreparable damage to the environment.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2023-12-20): On 24 October 2017, Breitbart.com's James Delingpole published a story appearing to report that hundreds of scientific papers published in 2017 "prove" that global warming is a myth. This post followed Delingpole's June 2017 clickbait success falsely alleging that 58 published papers proved the same thing. [...] Our paper certainly does not say that "global warming is a myth". It does not say that "'global warming' — as in the big scare story that the planet is heating up at a catastrophic unprecedented rate because of man-made CO2 emissions — is bunk; or that the methods being used to combat the problem are bunk." [...] Because almost none of the papers cited actually support the argument that global warming is a myth, we rank Delingpole’s loosely researched claim that 400 papers published in 2017 prove such to be false.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2024-03-07): Experts say that is a clear sign the Earth’s climate is rapidly changing. But many believe – or at least say they believe – that climate change is not real, relying on a series of well-trodden myths to make their point. [...] A 2021 study revealed that 99 per cent of peer-reviewed scientific literature found that climate change was human-induced. That was in line with a widely read study from 2013, which found 97 per cent of peer-reviewed papers that examined the causes of climate change said it was human-caused.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2023-09-25): It’s important to remember that scientists always focus on the evidence, not on opinions. Scientific evidence continues to show that human activities (primarily the human burning of fossil fuels) have warmed Earth’s surface and its ocean basins, which in turn have continued to impact Earth’s climate. This is based on over a century of scientific evidence forming the structural backbone of today's civilization. [...] With that said, multiple studies published in peer-reviewed scientific journals1 show that climate-warming trends over the past century are extremely likely due to human activities. In addition, most of the leading scientific organizations worldwide have issued public statements endorsing this position. The following is a partial list of these organizations, along with links to their published statements and a selection of related resources.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2020-07-06): Yet even at that early stage, a scientific consensus was emerging on warming, not cooling, in the near future. This was made clear by a 2008 study called "The Myth of the 1970s Global Cooling Scientific Consensus," which conducted a survey of the peer-reviewed literature from 1965 to 1979. The research team found that of the 71 related research papers, 44 indicated warming while only 7 indicated cooling (20 did not make projections either way). "Global cooling was never more than a minor aspect of the scientific climate change literature of the era, let alone the scientific consensus," the authors write. [...] This specific myth comes directly from a quote in the 2018 Special Report produced by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Here's what the quote actually says: [...] The Skeptical Science website has compiled an exhaustive list of common myths and misconceptions about human-caused climate change, each complemented by peer-reviewed scientific research to illuminate the topics.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2017-06-08): Breitbart falsely claims 58 studies refute human-caused global warming [...] Misrepresents source: Every study author who responded explained that their work did not support the assertion that "global warming' is a myth". Read more in a full evaluation of this article... [...] The claim that our paper Pendea et al. (2017) published in the Quaternary Science Reviews brings support to the notion that anthropogenic global warming doesn’t exist is completely false. The story circulated by Breitbart news represents a gross misunderstanding of the data presented in our paper. The data we present constitutes a record of millennial-scale environmental change in the North Pacific that has no relevance to the discussion around the global warming trend observed during the last 150 years in a vast number of environmental archives around the world.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2017-06-08): On 6 June 2017, Breitbart News ran an article titled "‘Global Warming’ Is a Myth, Say 58 Scientific Papers in 2017". This article, which is in essence merely a link to a post from a blog that goes by the name "No Tricks Zone" and some added musings on "grant-troughing scientists," "huxter politicians," "scaremongering green activists," and "brainwashed mainstream media environmental correspondents," claims that this ragtag collection of studies proves that the long-standing scientific consensus on climate change is nothing but a myth. The blog post Breitbart linked to is a list of 80 graphs (so many graphs!) taken from 58 studies. The analysis of the findings presented by No Tricks Zone is crude, misinformed, and riddled with errors. [...] What all these papers argue in their different ways is that the alarmist version of global warming — aka Catastrophic Anthropogenic Global Warming (CAGW) — is a fake artefact.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2023-12-23): On 6th June Breitbart ran an article that claimed "‘Global Warming’ Is a Myth, Say 58 Scientific Papers in 2017" that has been written by well-known climate change denier, James Delingpole. [...] Mr Delingpole writes … "Global warming" is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. [...] What all these papers argue in their different ways is that the alarmist version of global warming — aka Catastrophic Anthropogenic Global Warming (CAGW) — is a fake artefact.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2017-06-06): By "global warming" these papers don’t, of course, mean the mild warming of around 0.8 degrees Celsius that the planet has experienced since the middle of the 19th century as the world crawled out of the Little Ice Age. Pretty much everyone, alarmists and skeptics alike, is agreed on that. [...] What all these papers argue in their different ways is that the alarmist version of global warming — aka Catastrophic Anthropogenic Global Warming (CAGW) — is a fake artefact. [...] And on and on it goes — there are 80 graphs in all, each showing in its different way why the scare about global warming has been horribly overdone because the evidence just doesn’t support its being unusual or a problem. Several of the papers note that the primary influence on warming appears to be solar activity. Few, if any, entertain the notion that carbon dioxide levels have much to do with it.
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2017-05-29): Now Updated: 300 Non-Hockey Stick Graphs "[W]hen it comes to disentangling natural variability from anthropogenically affected variability the vast majority of the instrumental record may be biased." — Büntgen et al., 2017 [...] Stenni et al., 2017 "A recent effort to characterize Antarctic and sub-Antarctic climate variability during the last 200 years also concluded that most of the trends observed since satellite climate monitoring began in 1979 CE cannot yet be distinguished from natural (unforced) climate variability (Jones et al., 2016), and are of the opposite sign [cooling, not warming] to those produced by most forced climate model simulations over the same post-1979 CE interval. … (1) Temperatures over the Antarctic continent show an overall cooling trend during the period from 0 to 1900CE, which appears strongest in West Antarctica, and (2) no continent-scale warming of Antarctic temperature is evident in the last century." [...] Rydval et al., 2017 "[T]he recent summer-time warming in Scotland is likely not unique when compared to multi-decadal warm periods observed in the 1300s, 1500s, and 1730s"
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2021-05-27): Breitbart misrepresents research from 58 scientific papers to falsely claim that they disprove human-caused global warming in Breitbart, by James Delingpole — 08 Jun 2017 "This article grossly misinterprets open-access scientific papers by simply looking at graphs and entirely ignoring their meaning as explained by authors in the text. [...] Breitbart falsely claims 58 studies refute human-caused global warming [...] Published: 08 Jun 2017
Claim: 'Global warming' is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017. (James Delingpole, 2017-06-06)
Evidence (2017-07-11): Furthermore, two of the four remaining graphs have originally been published before 2017. We are left with two graphs from 2017. Both of them have been published in the same study, Steiger et al. 2017. The two graphs are indeed interesting as they don't show any sign of recent global warming. But see the figure below. Apparently, the graphs in Steiger et al. weren't good enough for the author of the 80 graphs article, but the graphs needed some editing (both graphs were edited in the same manner). There are also some other problems with these 80 graphs as shown below. [...] In my opinion I have shown that the 80 graphs article doesn't come even close to debunking hockey stick graph or showing that global warming does not exist or is not man-made. Instead the 80 graphs article only shows evidence of cherry-picking, straw-man argumentation, graph distortions, misunderstanding of the science, etc. In other words, it shows just the things we have become so used to see from "climate skeptics."
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2023-11-06): Many people believe that because plants are natural, they represent better treatment options than prescription drugs. This isn’t true. Just like drugs, herbs carry certain risks, including the risk of potentially serious side effects. But in contrast to prescription drugs, natural products aren’t required to demonstrate their safety and efficacy in clinical trials. Therefore, such products cannot replace medical treatment.
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2021-06-30): There are several herbs and spices with multiple potential health benefits, such as those with anti-inflammatory properties, cognitive boosters, and some that may even aid in fighting cancer, to name just a few. Some of these herbs and spices include turmeric, peppermint, ginger, and many more. Long before modern medicine, the ancient Greeks used a variety of spices and herbs for their healing properties. Hippocrates (460-377 BCE) used saffron, cinnamon, thyme, coriander, and other plants as treatments, many of which people still use today as holistic remedies for fevers, aches and pains, and other ailments.
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2022-02-01): Herbs for Dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease, and the Aging Brain: What the Research Has to Say [...] Decisions about dementia care are complicated and deeply personal, especially as the disease progresses. Research suggests that herbs may support cognitive function and relieve behavioral symptoms of dementia. If you choose to employ herbs for dementia or Alzheimer’s, discuss your decision with your healthcare practitioner, start early, and be mindful of the potential for herb-drug interactions. [...] Man, S.C., Durairajan, S.S., Kum, W.F., Lu, J.H., Huang, J.D., Cheng, C.F., … Li, M. (2008). Systematic review on the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines for Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 14(2), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-2008-14209
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2023-05-09): While herbs have been used medicinally for centuries, it is important to consider a few key factors to ensure that they are safe and effective for you. Here are some things to consider before consuming herbs:
Claim: “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s (Social media users, 2023-11-06)
Evidence (2018-10-28): Herbs can be potent and powerful, and research is growing with many herbs shown to have powerful anti-cancer properties without the damaging side-effects of drugs; here are twenty herbs that just might help your fight against cancer. (This article was prepared with help from two of the UK’s top herbalists, Alan Hopking and David Broom.) [...] Please be clear, no one is saying these herbs are not without any side-effects. Equally they may conflict with some drugs. The important point is that we are still discovering many of their benefits, albeit very slowly, because individual local herbalists just do not have the funds to conduct large scale clinical trials like the drugs companies do. You should seriously consider the usefulness of herbs as a part of your integrative cancer-fighting programme. They just might make a serious difference to your health. But please make sure you go to an expert medical herbalist for clear and informed advice.