copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Under an Alliance Minister of Justice, crime rates in Northern Ireland are lower. (Alliance Party, 2016-01-01)
Evidence (2022-12-09): David Ford was the first minister of justice in the Northern Ireland executive from 2010-16. He was a member of the Northern Ireland Assembly from 1998-2018, and leader of the Alliance Party between 2001-16. [...] JS: In 2016, the Alliance Party said it wouldn’t take up the position of justice minister again. What, in your view, would it take to change that position? Is that still the Alliance Party position? [...] - Topic - Ministers - Keywords - Criminal justice - United Kingdom - Northern Ireland - Political party - Alliance Party - Devolved administration - Northern Ireland executive - Series - Ministers Reflect - Legislature - Northern Ireland assembly - Publisher - Institute for Government
Claim: Under an Alliance Minister of Justice, crime rates in Northern Ireland are lower. (Alliance Party, 2016-01-01)
Evidence (2024-10-09): The Alliance Party of Northern Ireland
Claim: Under an Alliance Minister of Justice, crime rates in Northern Ireland are lower. (Alliance Party, 2016-01-01)
Evidence (2023-05-12): Justice departments in the Scottish Government and the Northern Ireland Executive both have an action plan or strategy in place, leaving England and Wales behind the rest of the UK. The government has publicly committed to a Council of Europe declaration on RJ in criminal justice that encourages member states (which includes the UK) to develop action plans. [...] Sir Robert Neill MP, Chair of the Justice Select Committee, said: ‘The priority must be to ensure that victims of crime are properly informed. The Ministry of Justice should focus its resources on ensuring restorative justice is well understood by bodies within the criminal justice system who can then convey this information to victims. A rigorous system should be introduced to improve compliance with the police’s requirement to inform victims."
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2016-08-31): The claim is accurate. Furthermore, Northern Ireland has observed the fastest growth in diagnoses over the past 10 years, when compared to the average both in Ireland and in the United Kingdom.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2017-11-30): 1,000 people living with HIV in Northern Ireland More than 1,000 people now live with HIV in Northern Ireland, according to newly released statistics. [...] "As many as one in five people with HIV in Northern Ireland are unaware that they have the infection."
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2017-11-30): 1,000 people living with HIV in Northern Ireland - Published More than 1,000 people now live with HIV in Northern Ireland, according to newly released statistics. [...] "As many as one in five people with HIV in Northern Ireland are unaware that they have the infection."
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2024-10-01): HIV surveillance data in the UK by demographic characteristics and geographical region. [...] Corrected the number of AIDS and HIV diagnoses for Northern Ireland and the UK in 2021 in the latest country and region data tables, and in the slide set for HIV in the UK 2023.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2012-11-29): Number living with HIV in Northern Ireland rises 10% [...] The annual HIV in Northern Ireland report highlighted a continuing rise in new HIV diagnoses, up by 3%, from 80 in 2010 to 82 in 2011. [...] Gay men are the group still most at risk of acquiring HIV within the UK, while the majority of heterosexual cases are acquired abroad.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2014-12-01): Northern Ireland has had the largest proportional increase in new cases of HIV in the UK since 2000. [...] Of the new diagnoses of HIV in Northern Ireland in 2013, 57% occurred in men who have sex with men. Seven hundred and forty-nine HIV-infected residents of Northern Ireland received care for the virus during 2013.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2022-11-28): A new report from the Public Health Agency (PHA) shows that there are 1,325 people in Northern Ireland living with HIV. The ‘HIV surveillance in Northern Ireland 2022’ report also shows that 76 new cases of HIV were diagnosed here in 2021, a 12% increase from 68 in 2020. [...] "Of the 76 new cases of HIV which were diagnosed, thirty-one (41%) occurred through gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). Twenty-one (28%) new HIV diagnoses occurred through heterosexual transmission and fourteen (18%) new HIV diagnoses occurred through injecting drug use. [...] People with HIV have a near-normal life expectancy if diagnosed early and treated promptly. Once diagnosed, individuals are less likely to pass on their infection due to treatment and changing their behaviour. Of those on treatment in Northern Ireland, 97% had an undetectable viral load, and at this level a person living with HIV has effectively zero risk of sexually transmitting the virus to someone who does not have HIV.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2022-11-28): Northern Ireland’s Public Health Agency has recorded a 12% rise in the annual number of HIV cases diagnosed in the region. A new report from the PHA shows there are 1,325 people in Northern Ireland living with the virus. The ‘HIV surveillance in Northern Ireland 2022’ report shows that 76 new cases of HIV were diagnosed here in 2021 - a 12% increase over the 68 diagnosed in 2020. [...] "People with HIV have a near-normal life expectancy if diagnosed early and treated promptly. Once diagnosed, individuals are less likely to pass on their infection due to treatment and changing their behaviour. Of those on treatment in Northern Ireland, 97% had an undetectable viral load, and at this level a person living with HIV has effectively zero risk of sexually transmitting the virus to someone who does not have HIV."
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2016-12-01): HIV myths persist in Northern Ireland says charity - Published [...] The rate of new cases of HIV in Northern Ireland increased by 81% in the 10 years to 2015. [...] The Public Health Agency (PHA) has said that HIV prevalence in Northern Ireland remains lower than in the other UK countries.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2022-03-02): Speaking of a new drug that would help prevent HIV, Northern Ireland Assembly Health chair Paula Bradley of the DUP stated: "41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual". This is based on statistics published in the annual HIV Surveillance Report, which show that "of those receiving care, (331/809) acquired their infection through heterosexual contact." It also states that out of the 809 people currently receiving treatment, 90% contracted the disease through sexual contact. [...] Data from Ireland does not reveal how many people are living with HIV. However, it shows a very similar proportion of new HIV infections through male to male contact. In 2014, 48.5% of new diagnoses were a result of homosexual activity, while 33.2% were from heterosexual activity. This is a drop from 50% in 2004. [...] It is also important to note that 7% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland did not get infected through sex at all, but other activities such as drug use. To date, there have been 22 cases of transmission through intravenous drug use, and another 53 through undetermined causes.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2023-11-07): The rate of first-time HIV diagnoses (3.4 per 100,000 population) decreased by 16% in 2022 compared to pre-pandemic year 2019 and is lower than the rates between 2012 and 2018. The key population group affected by HIV in Ireland remain gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM), accounting for 58% of first-time diagnoses in 2022. The rate of first-time diagnoses among gbMSM2 in 2022 (88 per 100,000 estimated gbMSM population in those 18 and over) is 36% lower than the highest rate in 2015 (137 per 100,000 population). Eighty percent of first-time diagnoses in gbMSM in 2022 occurred in those born in either Ireland (41%) or Latin America and Caribbean (39%). Just over a quarter (26%) of gbMSM with a first-time diagnosis of HIV were co-infected with a bacterial STI at the time of their HIV diagnosis. Heterosexuals accounted for 34% of first-time diagnoses in 2022 and the number of first-time diagnoses among heterosexuals is 33% lower than the peak in 2018. Over two thirds of diagnoses among heterosexual females (69%) are in those born in sub-Saharan Africa while the largest proportion of diagnoses among heterosexual males were born in Ireland (50%).
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2022-11-28): The Public Health Agency (PHA) recorded 76 new cases of HIV in Northern Ireland in the latest figures covering 2021. [...] The PHA said there are currently 1,325 people living with the virus in Northern Ireland. [...] In the latest figures for Northern Ireland, drug use saw the biggest increase in how people contracted the virus; there were 14 cases of this type compared with five in 2020.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2022-11-28): There was a 12% annual rise in HIV cases in Northern Ireland last year, official figures have revealed. [...] "Of the 76 new cases of HIV which were diagnosed, 31 (41%) occurred through gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men. Twenty-one (28%) new HIV diagnoses occurred through heterosexual transmission and 14 (18%) new HIV diagnoses occurred through injecting drug use," she said. [...] People with HIV have a near-normal life expectancy if diagnosed early and treated promptly. Of those on treatment in Northern Ireland, 97% had an undetectable viral load, and at this level a person living with HIV has effectively zero risk of sexually transmitting the virus.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2023-12-01): The relative contribution of different age groups to undiagnosed HIV infection varies between different exposure groups. In GBMSM, those aged 15 to 34 years old have dropped from accounting for 58% (95% CrI 34% to 78%) of those undiagnosed in 2019, to 49% (95% CrI 27% to 70%) in 2021. As a result, most GBMSM living with undiagnosed HIV are now estimated to be over the age of 34 years (51%, 95% CrI 30% to 73%). In contrast, among heterosexual men living with undiagnosed HIV, the largest age group was those aged between 35 and 44 years between 2019 (36% of those undiagnosed, 95% CrI 23% to 47%) and 2021 (37% of those undiagnosed, 95% CrI 26% to 47%). During this period, the estimated proportion of undiagnosed heterosexual men in the 15 to 34 age group slightly reduced (26% in 2019, 95% CrI 11% to 47%, and 23% in 2021, 95% CrI 10% to 42%; probability of decline 59%).
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2021-12-21): The recent decline in new HIV diagnoses has largely been driven by reductions in diagnoses in gay and bisexual men who accounted for 41% of all new diagnoses first made England in 2019 (see Figure 1). HIV has had a disproportionate impact on gay and bisexual men, however the gap between gay and bisexual men and the heterosexual population in terms of numbers of new diagnoses is narrowing (see Figure 1). We must continue to build on successful approaches to identifying new diagnoses in gay and bisexual men at an early stage of infection, while at the same time achieve similar success among heterosexual people at high risk of HIV infection. [...] In 2019, 41% of adults diagnosed England were diagnosed at a late stage of HIV infection.[footnote 13] Being diagnosed late increases the risk of dying by 8-fold and it is estimated that someone who is diagnosed very late with HIV has a life expectancy at least 10 years shorter than someone who starts treatment earlier. Certain population subgroups such as heterosexual black African men are more likely to be diagnosed late and therefore suffer worse outcomes.[footnote 14]
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2024-04-04): We used the following sociodemographic characteristics in our analyses: age group, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, country of birth, nation of residence in the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales, or Northern Ireland), education level, employment, household composition (living alone or not), relationship status (single or in a relationship), and report of a comfortable financial situation from the top 2 quartiles (e.g., a response of "I am comfortable" or "I am very comfortable" from the question "How would you best describe your current financial situation?"). We also used clinical characteristics in our multivariable analyses, including HIV status and uptake of >1 vaccine doses for hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), or human papillomavirus (HPV). We defined behavioral risk modification as the report of any of the following beginning in May 2022: fewer sexual partners; reduced visits to sex on premises venues or PSE; or avoiding any sex, condomless anal sex, skin-to-skin contact, or visiting clubs or crowds. [...] Additional members of the UK Health Security Agency Sexual Health Liaison Group who contributed to the review and update of the survey instrument, analysis plan, and interpretation of findings: Katy Sinka, Helen Fifer, Hannah Charles, Helen Corkin, Norah O’Brien, and Kate Folkard.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2016-05-09): North America and Western and Central Europe constitute the third most affected region by the HIV pandemic with 2.4 million people living with HIV. The United States accounts for the majority of people living with HIV in this region (56%). Four countries of Western Europe including France (8%), Spain (6%), United Kingdom (5%), and Italy (5%) contribute an additional quarter of this number [18]. The modes of transmission vary greatly between countries. For example, in 2014, MSM accounted for 44% of new HIV diagnoses in Western Europe and 28% in Central Europe. By comparison, PWID in Central Europe accounted for 5% of new HIV infections compared with 3% in Western Europe. Key affected populations in Western and Central Europe include MSM, migrants from sub-Saharan Africa, PWID and their sexual partners, transgender people, prisoners and sex workers are also at a heightened risk of HIV. In the USA, the majority of newly diagnosed HIV infections in 2013 among adult and adolescent males and females were attributed to MSM and PWID (68%). In contrast, heterosexual contact is thought to contribute 25% of new infections in the United States. African Americans are at a high risk of contracting HIV.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2018-11-29): During 2017, new diagnoses among all people fell by 17% on the previous year. In gay men they have fallen from 3390 in the peak year of 2015 to 2330 in 2017 – a 32% decline, as already reported on aidsmap.com. Diagnoses have fallen relative to 2016 in every area of the UK, with a particularly sharp fall in Wales. The exception is Northern Ireland, but numbers there are low and this region has also experienced a significant decline in diagnoses since 2011. Diagnoses have fallen among every sexuality, gender and ethnicity group, not just in white gay men. There are two groups among whom a fall in diagnoses is new. One is white heterosexuals – diagnoses among men fell 31% and among women by 16%, relative to 2016. The other is black and minority-ethnic gay men, in whom diagnoses were previously not falling. Last year, they fell by 57% in black men, 22% in Asian men (where they had been significantly increasing), and 36% among other/mixed ethnicities. Diagnoses also fell among heterosexuals of African and Caribbean ethnicity who were born in the UK. [...] Significant proportions of some groups are now diagnosed outside of GUM clinics, including women (38%), people of black African ethnicity (38%), people who inject drugs (52%), people over the age of 50 (42%) and people diagnosed late with HIV (41%).
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2021-03-10): Comprehensively, these were: individuals with mental health and substance use disorders;Footnote 26Footnote 27Footnote 28Footnote 29Footnote 30Footnote 31Footnote 32Footnote 33Footnote 34Footnote 35Footnote 36Footnote 37Footnote 38Footnote 39 individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Footnote 26Footnote 40Footnote 41Footnote 42Footnote 43Footnote 44Footnote 45Footnote 46 or other sexually transmitted or blood-borne infections (STBBI),Footnote 47 tuberculosis (TB),Footnote 48Footnote 49 diabetes,Footnote 50 epilepsy,Footnote 51 chronic painFootnote 52Footnote 53 or cancer—particularly types whose etiology may be attributable to patients’ behaviours;Footnote 54 vulnerable subpopulations such as migrants and racialized communities;Footnote 55Footnote 56 lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and other (LGBTQ+) populations;Footnote 57Footnote 58 individuals experiencing poverty;Footnote 59 sex workers;Footnote 60 single mothers;Footnote 61 individuals labelled as obese or fat;Footnote 46Footnote 62 biological mothers of children diagnosed with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder;Footnote 63 and individuals who smoke.Footnote 64 Some authors highlighted that, although their research may have focussed on stigma pertaining to a specific condition or identity, individuals can experience multiple sources of stigma due to the intersection of multiple complex identities and life experiences.Footnote 47Footnote 60 These authors acknowledged that restricted study scope could represent a potential limitation to their studies.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2015-03-13): Qualitative work conducted in Northern Ireland found that love, commitment, physical pleasure, and a desire to conceive without medical interventions helped to shape perceptions of risk within the relationship [74]. Among Italian couples consisting of HIV-positive men and seronegative women, assisted reproduction was typically regarded as safe and effective [75]. [...] Studies were assigned to the "serostatus disclosure" theme if the primary finding was related to disclosure of serostatus to partners, family, or wider social networks. Serostatus disclosure, however, typically referred to individual disclosure of HIV status to partners. The finding that 41% and 47% of HIV-positive men and women engaged in a serodiscordant couple, respectively, had not disclosed their status to their partner [79,80] was consistent with disclosure rates found in other studies [81-83]. Qualitative work conducted in the UK suggested that negative ideas about condoms, concerns about relationship quality, and limited communication within the relationship, were barriers to disclosing serostatus to partners [84]. In a mixed-methods study conducted among American women, qualitative interviews revealed that disclosure decisions for women were often based on emotional closeness to their partner, or were organized around a highly personalized (i.e., non-generalizable) set of criteria [85]. In a study conducted among American HIV-positive IDUs, there was a higher likelihood of disclosure to casual partners before first sexual contact when compared to primary partners [82]. Disclosure of HIV status to social networks appeared to present a different type of issue upon which very few studies have focused.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2023-02-06): Testing among gay and bisexual men has increased but rates of testing among women have fallen by 22% compared to 2019, while there has been a 41% drop for heterosexual men. Straight men and women are also far more likely to be diagnosed at a late stage. [...] Taku Mukiwa, head of health programmes at THT, said: "Gay and bisexual men and black African people continue to be the most impacted by HIV in the UK, but anyone who's sexually active can be affected and should think about testing.
Claim: 41% of those living with HIV in Northern Ireland are heterosexual. (Paula Bradley, 2016-08-31)
Evidence (2019-02-13): - 12. Ferris France N, Macdonald SH, Conroy RR, Byrne E, Mallouris C, Hodgson I, et al. "An unspoken world of unspoken things": a study identifying and exploring core beliefs underlying self-stigma among people living with HIV and AIDS in Ireland. Swiss Med Wkly. 2015;145: w14113. pmid:25768695 - 13. Link BG, Struening EL, Rahav M, Phelan JC, Nuttbrock L. On stigma and its consequences: evidence from a longitudinal study of men with dual diagnoses of mental illness and substance abuse. J Health Soc Behav. 1997;38: 177–190. pmid:9212538 - 14.
Claim: Medicinal tea ‘help with’ COVID-19 (Basile 'G-Star' Sery, 2020-10-18)
Evidence (2020-10-18): There is no evidence of tea curing or alleviating the symptoms of COVID-19. In fact, according to the World Health Organization, there are no medicines that have yet been shown to prevent or cure COVID-19.
Claim: Medicinal tea ‘help with’ COVID-19 (Basile 'G-Star' Sery, 2020-10-18)
Evidence (2023-03-14): COVID-19 (coronavirus) is an infectious disease which disturbs the modern world socially and economically. SARS-CoV-2, a causative agent of COVID-19, is a global pandemic. It is a fast-spreading disease which is largest ever pandemic in human history. The origin of this disease is still not known, and vaccine or medicine for the cure of infection has not been discovered so far. But various medicinal plants are used in different countries as a therapeutic treatment for COVID infection to help the immune system fight against COVID-19 disease. Various plant products contain high amount of vitamin C, boost up human immune system, and help to cure the disease. The medicinal and herbal plants act as effective therapeutic agents against coronavirus infection. The SARS-CoV-2 infection can also be relieved by a combined therapy of medicinal plants based on their properties. As COVID-19 can cause multiple organ disease, the use of natural products and medicinal plants may inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle linked proteins, i.e., papain-like or chymotrypsin-like proteases. In this article, different medicinal plants and herbs and their bioactive components that help in enhancing our immune system and play a role in fighting microbial infections as well as COVID-19 infection are discussed. [...] Srivastava A, Chaurasia J, Khan R, Dhand C, Verma S (2020) Role of medicinal plants of traditional use in recuperating devastating COVID-19 situation. Med Aromat Plants (Los Angeles) 9(359):2167-0412.20 [...] Zafar, S., Perveen, S., Iqbal, N., Khan, M.K., Alotaibi, M.O., Mohammed, A.E. (2021). Medicinal Plants as COVID-19 Remedy.