copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): The Battle of the Yalu River was a significant military engagement that took place in 1894, marking a crucial conflict between China and Japan during the First Sino-Japanese War. This battle represented the first major clash between the two nations, showcasing Japan's modernized military capabilities and strategic planning against the Qing dynasty's outdated forces. The outcome of this battle set the tone for the rest of the war, leading to Japanese dominance in East Asia and significant implications for China's status in the region. [...] The defeat at Yalu River severely damaged China's reputation as a regional power and demonstrated the effectiveness of Japan's new military strategies. [...] The Battle of the Yalu River had a profound impact on China's international standing by revealing its military weaknesses and inability to effectively contend with a modernized power like Japan. The defeat shattered China's reputation as a dominant regional force and led to increased foreign intervention in Chinese affairs. As other nations recognized China's vulnerability, this contributed to a loss of territory and sovereignty for China in subsequent years.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-01): Decades ago, the Chinese Volunteer Army bravely crossed the Yalu River and started the battle for the founding of New China. This period of history is deeply imprinted in the hearts of the Chinese people, and the Yalu River therefore carries important historical significance. However, today, we are faced with a shocking reality: on the China-North Korea border, China's territory is gradually "reducing", while North Korea's territory is constantly "increasing." This phenomenon has restricted the development of Northeast China and aroused people's concern and thinking. [...] In recent years, China has taken measures such as reclamation projects to try to maintain its Chinese side of the Yalu River to avoid further territorial losses. However, the key to a fundamental solution to the problem lies in friendly consultations with North Korea to jointly resolve border disputes. North Korea's continued island building behavior will have a negative impact on China's interests and the regional ecological environment. Therefore, cooperation to solve the problem is a top priority.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-02-21): Known as the Yalu River (鸭绿江) to the Chinese or Amnok River (압록강) to the Koreans, this 790km long river runs along the lower half of the Chinese and North Korean border from Mt. Paektu down to the Yellow Sea. [...] What is the Yalu River? It is a 790 km river that runs from Mt Paektu all the way down to the yellow sea. It also forms a natural boundary between China and the DPRK. There are many islands in the river, which were settled by treaty between the two countries. Unlike other maritiem borders the waters are considered open to both sides. At many points of the border the countries are only sperated by a few feet. In many ways visiting the Yalu River offers one of the most authentic views of North Korea.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-01): The origin of the friendly relations between China and North Korea, the Yalu River is a name that cannot be ignored. But in recent years, China's territory near the Yalu River has been shrinking, and North Korea's territory has been increasing accordingly. What's going on? To understand this problem, we first need to review the history of the Yalu River. Issues over the territory of the Yalu River have existed between China and North Korea since the Tang Dynasty. [...] So, why has China's territory near the Yalu River been shrinking in recent years, while North Korea's territory has been increasing? The territorial issue at the mouth of the Yalu River on the China-North Korea border has always attracted much attention. This is not only related to the political stability of the two countries, but also involves the friendship between the people. [...] However, now China has discovered that the territory at the mouth of the Yalu River on the China-North Korea border is undergoing completely different changes, which is very unfavorable to China. So, what's going on? At the mouth of the Yalu River on the border between China and North Korea, sedimentation has caused more and more sediment to be deposited in the Yalu River. This also means that small islands that originally belonged to North Korea's territory have continued to expand under the impact of sediment, thus affecting the original waterways.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): In October 1950, Chinese troops under the name of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army (CPV) crossed the Yalu River to assist North Korean armies, and engaged in the Korean War in an offensive manner after the U.S. troops crossed the 38th parallel. One central question immediately arises with regard to the Chinese intervention: Why did the newly established People’s Republic of China (PRC) decide to send its troops to engage in a war which did not take place on its own territory? [...] As mentioned before, one constraint posed by U.S. military presence near the Yalu River is that it limited China’s ability to respond to domestic anti-Communist movements. Implicitly behind this campaign of countering anti-Communist elements was the CCP’s need to consolidate its regime which was established less than a year ago. More importantly, the CCP faced the difficult task of establishing its authority and credibility by creating extensive internal support from the population at large.20 Influenced by the traditional Chinese strategic culture of regarding crisis (weiji) as constituted by both danger (wei) and opportunity (ji), the outbreak of crisis in Korea was seen by the CCP as both a challenge and a rare opportunity for the CCP to achieve the above objectives.21 [...] Yao, X. Cong Yalujiang Dao Banmendian (From Yalu River to Panmunjom) (Beijing, People’s Press, 1985).
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2013-05-07): When my friends and I arrived in Dandong, the largest border city in China, our first destination was duanqiao: The Broken Bridge. The bridge, which connects Dandong and Sinujiu, North Korea over the Yalu River, is a relic of the Korean War. Bombed by American aircraft, it serves as a reminder—or proof—of "American aggression," and, according to the propaganda poster by the bridge, is a symbol of the "greatest achievement of [Chinese] voluntary army…to aid [North] Korea." [...] After a while we left the bridge and headed to Hushan (Tiger Mountain), the eastern-most known section of the Great Wall of China. As we climbed up the steps, fighting against the piercingly cold wind, a panorama view of Dandong, the Yalu River, and Sinujiu spread before our eyes: Hills lush with red and yellow foliage on the Chinese side and, just across the river, barren, hay-coloured farmland. Even the few grey clouds that hung over Dandong were crawling toward the other side; as the Chinese land emerged under the sunlight, shadows shrouded North Korea. [...] But this country—where the government imprisons ordinary citizens at re-education labour camps for "online speech crime," where officials drive around in BMWs while elementary school children, seeking warmth, crawl into a dumpster, light some matches, and as a result, die of carbon monoxide poisoning—is, for those on the other side of the Yalu River, a land of hope, prosperity, light, and freedom.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-04-05): With the Yalu River thawing, fishermen in the Chinese border town of Kuandian, near the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, are welcoming a new season and one of their busiest times of the year. [...] An aerial shot of fisheries on the Yalu River on the China-DPRK border. /CGTN [...] "The Yalu River's water quality has reached level two of national drinking water standard. We have also picked the strongest fish for breeding over 16 years and improved their survival rate, so we don't need to use any antibiotics," said Luo. "Instead, we mix traditional Chinese medicine herbs, such as ban-lan-gen, or Radix isatidis, traditional herbal medicine in China, and ginseng roots into the food to beef up the fish."
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-23): The Yalu River (Chinese: 鸭绿江; pinyin: Yālù Jiāng) or Amnok River (Korean: 압록강; MR: Amnokkang) is a river on the border between China and North Korea. Together with the Tumen River to its east, and a small portion of Paektu Mountain, the Yalu forms the border between China and North Korea. Its valley has been the scene of several military conflicts in the past centuries. It borders North Korea to the south and China to the north. [...] Two other theories exist for the name Yalu: one theory is that the name derived from Yalu ula (ᠶᠠᠯᡠ ᡠᠯᠠ) in the Manchu language. The Manchu word yalu (ᠶᠠᠯᡠ) means "the boundary between two countries". In Mandarin Chinese, yālù phonetically approximates the original Manchu word, but literally means "duck green", which was said to have been once the color of the river. The other theory is that the river was named after the combination of its two upper branches, which were called "鴨" (Yā or Ap) and "綠" (Lù or R(or n)ok)", respectively.[1] [...] According to one scholar, the Korean-Chinese border along the Yalu River is the longest unchanged international border in history, lasting for at least 1,000 years.[13][14][15]
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-26): Dandong, in the Liaoning Province of China, on the Yalu River delta, is the largest city on the border.[3] On the other side of the river is the city of Sinuiju in North Pyongan Province, North Korea. The two cities are situated on the Yalu river delta at the western end of the border, near the Yellow Sea. Their waterfronts face each other and are connected by the Sino-Korean Friendship Bridge. There are 205 islands on the Yalu River. A 1962 border treaty between North Korea and China split the islands according to which ethnic group were living on each island. North Korea possesses 127 and China 78. Due to the division criteria, some islands such as Hwanggumpyong Island belong to North Korea even though they are on the Chinese side of the river. Both countries have navigation rights on the river, including in the delta. The source of the Yalu River is Heaven Lake on Paektu Mountain, which is considered the birthplace of the Korean and Manchu peoples. This lake is also the source of the Tumen River which forms the eastern portion of the border.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): North Korea [edit]China and North Korea share a 1,416 km long land border that corresponds almost entirely to the course of the Yalu and Tumen rivers. The two countries signed a border treaty in 1962 to resolve their un-demarcated land border. China received 40% of the disputed crater lake on Paektu Mountain (known as Changbai Mountain in China), while North Korea held the remaining land.[64] [...] The last unresolved territorial issue between the two countries was settled by the 2004 Complementary Agreement between the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation on the Eastern Section of the China–Russia Boundary.[69] Pursuant to that agreement, Russia transferred to China a part of Abagaitu Islet, the entire Yinlong (Tarabarov) Island, about half of Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island, and some adjacent river islets. The transfer has been ratified by both the Chinese National People's Congress and the Russian State Duma in 2005, thus ending the decades-long border dispute. The official transfer ceremony was held on-site on October 14, 2008.[70] However, in China Standard Map Edition 2023, Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island has been speculated by some journalists to be asserted as Chinese territory by China.[71]
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-10-20): The featured image in this article, Chinese forces cross the Yalu River and joined the Korean War, taken by Li Min (黎民) on 1951/02 and published in issue 4 of PLA Daily in 1951 from http://news.xinhuanet.com/mil/2010-12/24/c_12915631.htm, is used to visually identify a historically significant event. This photo has been used both in United States and Chinese media as a symbol of Chinese involvement in the Korean War. This image is now in the public domain in China because its term of copyright has expired there. According to copyright laws of the People’s Republic of China (with legal jurisdiction in the mainland only, excluding Hong Kong and Macao) and the Republic of China (currently with jurisdiction in Taiwan, the Pescadores, Quemoy, Matsu, etc.), all photographs enter the public domain 50 years after they were first published, or if unpublished 50 years from creation, and all non-photographic works enter the public domain fifty years after the death of the creator. This image is a faithful digitisation of a unique historic image, and the copyright for it is most likely held by the person who created the image or the agency employing the person.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-01): The Yalu River originates from the southern foot of Tianchi Rouge Peak in Changbai Mountain. It flows from northeast to southwest and spans the two provinces of Jilin and Liaoning. The main waterway of the Yalu River is the coexistence of three waterways in the east, middle and west. The lower reaches of the Yalu River are divided into three branches into the sea. It controls the Western Waterway near China. [...] Of course, part of it is due to nature. The Yalu River is a mountain stream estuary with strong tidal characteristics. It has the characteristics of "strong tides and rapid flows". Because of the large amount of sediment, it is a river that is extremely easy to form sandbars and islands. In addition, Due to the role of natural climate in it, the islands on the Yalu River have become more and more numerous and larger. [...] After all, the Western Waterway is China's only outlet to the sea along the Chinese coastline through Chinese territory. If the Western Waterway is not dredged and opened immediately, China will have to pass through North Korea's territorial waters if it wants to enter and exit the Yalu River in the future. This will definitely jeopardize the navigation safety of Chinese ships. It will also increase unnecessary disputes.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-01): The Yalu River is more than just a geographical name. It witnessed the bloody war and carried the profound friendship between China and North Korea. When the People's Republic of China was founded, this river became a battlefield between the Chinese Volunteer Army and the U.S. Army. It was the historical coordinate set by the two countries in Northeast Asia. [...] But that doesn't mean the problem is completely solved. Due to geographical and climatic factors, the landscape and land in the Yalu River Basin are constantly changing. Especially as Salido and Silk Island continue to grow, these two pieces of land may soon be closely connected with China's territory, which brings new challenges to both countries. [...] The island dispute caused by the Yalu River is actually not a simple territorial dispute. Behind this, what is more important is how the two countries can find a balance point to jointly safeguard their own rights and interests, while respecting each other's positions and feelings under the geographical changes and historical background.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-01): The Yalu River Estuary, as part of the border between China and North Korea, has carried the history of territorial changes since ancient times. Since the Tang Dynasty, this territorial issue has been controversial and divided. After many divisions and negotiations, the China-North Korea Boundary Treaty finally determined that Sindo Island and Silk Island belong to North Korea. However, as time goes by, more and more sediment is deposited in the Yalu River, causing North Korea's territory to gradually expand, while China's territory continues to shrink. Residents near the mouth of the Yalu River on the China-North Korea border have discovered that the boundaries of territory have become blurred due to the river's sedimentation and erosion. This problem has attracted the attention of hydrologists, who have put forward proposals to protect the mud along the river, hoping to maintain the extent of the territory by keeping the mud stable. After all, territorial stability is vital to national security and sovereignty. [...] The issue of territorial change in the Yalu River Estuary is not only a geographical and hydrological problem, but also an important issue involving national security and sovereignty. We should remain vigilant, pay close attention to changes in this territory, and take steps to protect its stability. At the same time, we must also bear in mind the history of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea and cherish the friendship between the people of China and North Korea. Only through cooperation and friendship can we jointly safeguard regional peace and stability.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2004-03-01): The Yalu and Tumen Rivers, and control of the seas 15Since 1949, China and North Korea have accepted that the course of the Yalu and Tumen rivers constitute the border between the two countries. However, they have refused to situate the demarcation line in the middle of the rivers, adopting the principle of joint ownership, management and use of the two waterways. 16Historically, the main problem has been over the dozens of islands that are to be found in the rivers. China has recognised North Korea’s sovereignty over 80% of these islands, including the biggest ones. Ownership of the islands has been determined by the nationality of their population, but the problem has not been resolved at all for the uninhabited islands, a sort of shared responsibility seeming to apply in their case. Pidan (Chouduandao in Chinese), located at the mouth of the Yalu, was, however, an exception. The island was originally inhabited by mainly Chinese, and while North Korea had control over it, Peking officially regarded it as an integral part of its own territory. The North Koreans then wished to make a gift of it to China in gratitude for its help in 1950-53. In the event, this did not happen, and, in 1963, the Chinese authorities had to evacuate the approximately fifty families who were still living there12.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2012-12-11): Yalu/Amnok River borders, but suggests some Chinese dissatisfaction about the status of the border with North Korea in the territory between the two rivers. [...] Rivers form the border between China and Korea, Yang appears to signal a strong continuing Chinese commitment to those river borders. From Yang's account, China's position on the stretch of territory between the Tumen/Tuman and Yalu/Amnok Rivers may be less clear. The issue is significant not for strategic reasons, but because the area in question is in the Changbai/ [...] China and Choson then made these two rivers the border between their countries is inaccurate. According to Korean sources, during the reign of King Kongmin, the Koryo government established counties and prefectures for local administration and defense structures in the Amnok (Yalu) River area so that it controlled territory south of the Amnok (Yalu) River. Later, during the reign of King Sejong in the first half of the fifteenth century, the Choson government defeated Jurchen communities and then established four counties in the Amnok (Yalu) River's upstream area and six military garrisons in the downstream area of the Tuman (Tumen) River. In this way the
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-07-19): North Korea forces initially drive South Korean and US troops back to a final stand on the Pusan Perimeter, around the port of Busan. US and UN forces launch a surprise landing at Inchon and drive North Korean troops all the way back close to the Yalu river border with China. Chinese forces then intervene and push the US and UN forces back.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1997-01-01): OFFICIAL NAME: People's Republic of China [...] People's Liberation Army into North Korea as "volunteers" to help North Korea halt the UN offensive which was approaching the Yalu River. After the conclusion of the [...] As the PLA armies moved south to complete the Communist conquest of China in 1949, the American embassy followed the Nationalist government headed by Chiang
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1998-07-20): Yalu River, river of northeastern Asia that forms the northwestern boundary between North Korea and the Northeast region (Manchuria) of China. The Chinese provinces of Jilin and Liaoning are bordered by the river. Its length is estimated to be about 500 miles (800 km), and it drains an area of some 12,260 square miles (31,750 square km). From a mountainous source in the Changbai Mountains, the river flows southwestward to drain into Korea Bay (an embayment of the Yellow Sea). The river is an important source of hydroelectric power, is used for transportation (especially of lumber from the rich forests on its banks), and provides fish for the riverine populations. In addition to serving as a political boundary, the Yalu River constitutes a dividing line between Chinese and Korean cultures. It is generally known abroad by its Chinese name, Yalu, instead of by its Korean name, Amnok. According to ancient writing, the Chinese name, which is derived from the characters ya ("duck") and lu ("greenish blue"), is a comparison of the blueness of the river’s waters to the greenish blue of a particular species of domestic duck that inhabits it. The Yalu did not become a political boundary until the Korean-Chinese border was established toward the end of the Korean Koryŏ dynasty in the 14th century. The river played an important political role in the Korean War (1950–53).
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-01-01): Just outside of Beijing, the President will tour a section of the Great Wall of China, which stretches over 3,000 miles from China's border with North Korea on the Yalu River, to the foot of the Qilian and Tainshan mountains in China's westernmost region. The Great Wall began as a series of unconnected protective walls constructed by rival kingdoms in ancient China. When Qin Shihuang unified China in 221 B.C., he ordered the walls of his defeated rivals be connected. In the centuries that followed, the Great Wall has expanded, ultimately reaching the length we know today.
Claim: Yalu River is a territory of People's Republic of China (Yalu River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-05-26): The Yalu River is the longest river in North Korea, stretching 491 miles (790 kilometers). It begins on Paektu-san and flows southwest to the Yellow Sea. The Tumen River also begins on Paektu-san; it flows east into the Sea of Japan.