copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: “Violent crime was up under Donald Trump.” (Tim Walz, 2024-08-06)
Evidence (2024-03-21): Instances of violent crime, such as murders, increased during the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of the Trump administration. Since then, however, most violent crime has been on the decline. In 2019, there were 5.1 homicides per 100,000 people, but in 2020, that number grew to 6.5 homicides per 100,000 people before peaking in 2021 at 6.8 homicides per 100,000 people. [...] A Brennan Center for Justice report from July 2022 pointed to increases in gun purchases, as well as socioeconomic factors, as the causes of violent crime increase. The report noted that the pandemic exacerbated mental health concerns, disrupted local nonprofits aimed at crime prevention, and created a deeply "unequal" economic recession that played a role in crime. [...] Some property crimes have decreased since the COVID-19 pandemic, but motor vehicle theft remains on the rise, according to FBI data. Burglary, for instance, has steadily dropped each year of both Biden and Trump's presidential tenures. Arson jumped in 2020 but fell below pre-pandemic levels in 2021 and 2022.
Claim: “Violent crime was up under Donald Trump.” (Tim Walz, 2024-08-06)
Evidence (2024-08-23): Donald Trump said violent crime spiked 43% under Biden-Harris. That ignores reams of data. [...] "Kamala Harris has presided over a 43% increase in violent crime," Trump said Aug. 23 at a Glendale, Arizona, campaign stop. "These are government numbers by the way, including 58% increase in rape, 89% increase in aggravated assault and 56% increase in robbery during the riots of 2020." [...] Trump said, "There’s been a 43% increase in violent crimes since I left office."
Claim: “Violent crime was up under Donald Trump.” (Tim Walz, 2024-08-06)
Evidence (2024-07-19): VERDICT: Violent crime in the US fell last year. [...] Violent crime was down 6% in 2023 and there was a significant drop of 13% in the murder rate, according to preliminary FBI data. [...] The latest FBI crime data, which is also preliminary, indicates this downward trend in violent crime in the US has continued into 2024, with reported incidents falling 15% in the first three months of this year, compared with the same period last year.
Claim: “Violent crime was up under Donald Trump.” (Tim Walz, 2024-08-06)
Evidence (2024-05-24): The number of murders in the U.S. rose by 5,795 from 2019 to 2020, when Donald Trump was president. That’s the largest one-year increase since such data began being systematically recorded in the early 1960s. [...] Numerically, this is on target: The number of murders rose by 5,795 from 2019 to 2020, when Trump was president. That’s the largest one-year increase since such data began to be systematically recorded in the early 1960s. But it’s an exaggeration to blame this rise solely on Trump. Experts say that spike was caused by a confluence of the coronavirus pandemic and the societal upheaval after George Floyd’s murder. Murders also remained higher than prepandemic levels well into Biden’s tenure.
Claim: “Violent crime was up under Donald Trump.” (Tim Walz, 2024-08-06)
Evidence (2023-09-19): President Donald Trump wrongly claimed that "our crime statistics are at a level that they haven’t been at," calling the numbers "record setting." The U.S. murder rate was lower in 2014, and the violent crime rate overall has been lower in several past years, with the lowest levels decades ago, according to FBI data. [...] As a candidate in 2016, Trump repeatedly made the bogus claim that the murder rate in the U.S. was the "highest it’s been in 45 years." The rate in 2015 actually was lower than any other time between 1965 and 2009. He also hyped a year-over-year increase in some cities, claiming, "violent crime has increased in cities across America." But crime had been declining over the long term, and experts caution against discerning a pattern from a few years of data. [...] The most recent FBI statistics on the rate and number of crimes are for 2018. They show that crime has declined since Trump became president, but the statistics aren’t "at a level that they haven’t been at." And historically, these figures have been generally declining for years.
Claim: “Violent crime was up under Donald Trump.” (Tim Walz, 2024-08-06)
Evidence (2020-09-25): To make sense of what this all means, The Marshall Project and Vox have parsed findings from January to June, as well as decades prior for comparison, of not just crime data but media reports, public opinion polls, and stats on policing and jail populations. Politicians and pundits are pointing fingers at what they believe caused the increase in violent crime rates: the protests against police violence, movements to defund the police, and efforts to release people from overcrowded jails and prisons ravaged by the coronavirus. But the data available thus far does not support that these are the culprits. [...] Violent crime was up in early summer; nonviolent and property crime was down [...] If anything, aggressive and militarized government response has made demonstrations more violent, researchers concluded. For example, before Trump deployed the federal task force to Portland, Oregon, 17 percent of the demonstrations were violent; after federal law enforcement agents entered Portland, the share of violent demonstrations more than doubled, to 42 percent. Criminologists have warned that sending in federal law enforcement officers, like border patrol agents or Bureau of Prisons guards, with no training or knowledge on local issues can do more harm than good.
Claim: “Violent crime was up under Donald Trump.” (Tim Walz, 2024-08-06)
Evidence (2024-03-28): The reported drops were especially pronounced in the big cities that Trump often assails, many of which have Democratic mayors. Violent crime dropped by 11% in cities with populations of 1 million or more, according to FBI data, while murders dropped by 20%, rape was down 16%, and aggravated assault fell by 11%. [...] At the national level, the reported rate of violent crime in 2022, the most recent full year with comprehensive FBI data, was 380.7 offenses per 100,000 people. That's lower than the overall reported violent crime rate from 2020 — the last full year Trump was in office — when the figure was at 398.5. [...] The Trump campaign, reached for comment, cited certain categories of violent crime, such as motor vehicle theft, as having increased during the Biden administration, according to FBI figures.
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2021-04-22): Most children who get COVID-19 have mild or no symptoms; severe illness is rare. More than 3.6 million children in the U.S. have tested positive, and at least 297 have died. Children can spread the virus to others, even if they don’t have symptoms, which is a key reason for mask requirements in schools.
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2021-04-22): In a viral video clip, a suburban Atlanta mother who implored her local school board to stop mandating masks for children claimed that kids ages 5 to 9 "are not affected by" the coronavirus. [...] "Every month I come here and I hear the same thing: social-emotional health. If you truly mean that, you would end the mask requirement tonight. Tonight," said Taylor, who identified herself as the mother of a 6-year-old student. "This is not March 2020 anymore. We have three vaccines. Every adult in the state of Georgia that wants that vaccine is eligible to get it right now and everyone one of us knows that young children are not affected by this virus. They’re not. … "We chose you to make decisions that would be in our children’s best interest, and forcing 5-, 6-, 7-, 8- and 9-year-old little children to cover their noses and their mouths, where they breathe, for seven hours a day every day for the last nine months for a virus that you know doesn’t affect them — that is not in their best interest. And this has to stop." [...] A woman in a video clip widely shared on Facebook stated that children ages 5 to 9 "are not affected by" the coronavirus.
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2021-07-09): Covid: Children's extremely low risk confirmed by study - Published - comments The overall risk of children becoming severely ill or dying from Covid is extremely low, a new analysis of Covid infection data confirms. [...] She added: "Although this data covers up to February 2021, this hasn't changed recently with the Delta variant. We hope this data will be reassuring for children and young people and their families."
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2022-03-07): - Children aged 5 years and under do not need to wear a mask because in this age group, they may not be able to properly wear a mask without help or supervision. [...] In general, children aged 5 years and under do not need to wear masks. However, there may be times when caregivers will choose to put a mask on a child – for example, if the child has contact with a person who is at a high risk of developing severe disease or is around someone who is ill. Children of this age should not wear masks for a long duration or without supervision. [...] Children do not need to wear a mask when playing sports or doing physical activities, such as running, jumping or playing, as it may affect their breathing. When organizing sporting activities for children, it is important to encourage all other public health measures:
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2021-09-27): Overall, kids have been lucky with the pandemic: Although it’s not yet clear whether they are less likely than adults to contract or transmit Covid-19, they are far less likely to get sick. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as of August 25 only about 400 children under 18 have died of the disease in the US. And, of the two dozen states reporting in addition to New York City, just 0.1 percent to 1.9 percent of children who tested positive for the virus have been hospitalized. A recent UK study that crowdsourced health information from the public through an app found that only 1.8 percent of children with Covid-19 still had symptoms eight weeks after infection. [...] The story may be more complex, though, because children’s immune systems are fundamentally unlike those of adults, in ways that are still under study. Scientists know, for example, that the novel coronavirus isn’t the only pathogen to prove much less harmful to children. Adults tend to get much sicker from diseases like hepatitis and mumps; kids with hepatitis often show no symptoms at all.
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2023-10-12): As a rule, infants and young children rarely develop severe or enduring cases of COVID-19. And those who do almost invariably suffer from some other serious medical problem. It’s not that kids don’t get infected. They do. More than 90% of kids age 4 and under in the United States test positive for previous or current infection by SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes this respiratory infection. [...] Possible explanations abound regarding young children’s remarkable resilience to SARS-CoV-2. They seem to harbor fewer receptors for SARS-CoV-2 on their cell surfaces. They’ve had more relatively recent encounters with benign coronaviruses than adults (the latter being less inclined to gum one another’s toys in day care settings or sneeze in each other’s face), bolstering immunity to newcomers.
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2024-09-10): COVID-19 is a highly contagious respiratory illness that affects children and adults of all ages. Children are more likely than adults to have no symptoms or a mild infection from SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. But some children experience severe illness that requires care in a hospital or intensive care unit (ICU). Children with underlying medical conditions like Type 2 diabetes or heart or lung disease have an increased risk of getting very sick from COVID. [...] It’s not always easy to tell if your child has COVID just by looking at their symptoms. This is because COVID symptoms in kids resemble symptoms of other common infections, like the flu and RSV. [...] Most kids recover and bounce back just fine after COVID. But some children develop post-COVID conditions, also known as long COVID. This is a collection of symptoms a person experiences within three months of their first COVID symptoms. Long COVID is less common in children compared to adults.
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2022-12-31): Children can get the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, but their symptoms tend to be milder than adults’ symptoms, and in many cases, they may have no symptoms at all. Their risk of getting COVID-19 is about the same as that of adults. The risk can be drastically reduced if your child receives the COVID-19 vaccine. [...] Talk to them about what’s happening, and reassure them that most cases of COVID-19 are mild. Your children will pick up cues from you, so it’s important that you stay calm, too. [...] Coronavirus in Children With Medical Conditions
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2021-04-28): As the U.S. death toll from COVID-19 continues to climb, many children and adolescents must deal with the significant adverse childhood experience of losing a loved one. According to a model published in JAMA Pediatrics, nearly 40,000 children have lost a parent to the coronavirus. [...] Health officials continue to wrestle with why some develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a rare but serious condition associated with COVID-19, and others do not. The case numbers of children afflicted with MIS-C so far are relatively small—as of April 2021, the CDC reports 3,185 cases nationwide and 36 deaths. [...] While hospitalization and death from COVID-19 is uncommon in children, providers are only beginning to understand the effects on the long-term physical health of infected children.
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2024-09-07): Anyone can get COVID-19, also called coronavirus disease 2019, including children. Find out about the symptoms, testing and medical issues linked to COVID-19 in children. And learn how to help prevent COVID-19, especially in children at high risk of serious illness. [...] While children are as likely as adults to catch the virus that causes COVID-19, kids are less likely to become seriously ill. From 2020 to the end of March 2024, children up to age 17 accounted for about 1.5% of people who needed to be treated for COVID-19 in the hospital. [...] Children with COVID-19 may have serious or mild symptoms or no symptoms at all. Symptoms may show up from 2 to 14 days after contact with the virus that causes COVID-19.
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2022-08-04): Here's a look at the latest COVID-19 data as it relates to children. Reported cases of COVID-19 in children [...] Nearly 18,959 cases of COVID-19 were reported in children Feb. 23 through March 2, and children represented 11.3% of the weekly reported COVID-19 cases. (Source: AAP/CHA)
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2023-01-12): Incidents of critical covid-19 in children remain rare, even though the delta and omicron variants have proved considerably more adept at infecting children than previous variants. In the early stages of the pandemic, estimates indicated that children were less likely to become infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the first place.1 And one of the first major retrospective studies about children and covid-19, by Chinese scientists in the first year of the pandemic, found that up to 90% of paediatric cases were asymptomatic, mild, or moderate.2 "Children are more likely than adults to have asymptomatic or mild infections," says Anna Sick-Samuels, assistant professor of paediatrics at Johns Hopkins Medical School. "The majority of children hospitalised with severe covid-19 have been unvaccinated, and many have had additional comorbidities." Sick-Samuels describes children with type 2 diabetes or obesity as being most at risk of developing severe covid-19. UK studies have found children with neurodisabilities or multiple comorbidities to be especially vulnerable to hospital admission or death.34
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2020-06-16): COVID-19 shows an increased number of cases and a greater risk of severe disease with increasing age5,6, a feature shared with the 2003 SARS epidemics7. This age gradient in reported cases, which has been observed from the earliest stages of the pandemic1, could result from children having decreased susceptibility to infection, a lower probability of showing disease on infection or a combination of both, compared with adults. Understanding the role of age in transmission and disease severity is critical for determining the likely impact of social-distancing interventions on SARS-CoV-2 transmission8, especially those aimed at schools, and for estimating the expected global disease burden. [...] First, age-varying susceptibility to infection by SARS-CoV-2, where children are less susceptible than adults to becoming infected on contact with an infectious person, would reduce cases among children. Decreased susceptibility could result from immune cross-protection from other coronaviruses9,10,11, or from non-specific protection resulting from recent infection by other respiratory viruses12, which children experience more frequently than adults13,14. Direct evidence for decreased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 in children has been mixed15,16, but if true could result in lower transmission in the population overall.
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2022-02-24): The evidence so far suggests that children are less vulnerable to the effects of the coronavirus, but they can still be infected. Why does the virus seem to affect children differently? There is much debate about the credibility of a recent tweet by entrepreneur Elon Musk suggesting children are "essentially immune" to the coronavirus. So far, the narrative has been that while the coronavirus may cause severe, or even fatal, disease in the elderly, the outcomes for children are reassuring. [...] Yes. Just as with adults, children exposed to the coronavirus can be infected with it and display signs of Covid-19. "At the beginning of the pandemic, it was thought that children are not getting infected with the coronavirus, but now it is clear that the amount of infection in children is the same as in adults," explains Andrew Pollard, professor of paediatric infection and immunity at the University of Oxford. "It’s just that when they do get the infection they get much milder symptoms."
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2020-04-06): That trend, which doctors in China first reported, seems to be holding true in the U.S. as well. In the latest Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report report released today by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), scientists say that compared to adults, children under the age of 18 are less likely to experience the typical symptoms of infection, including fever, cough and difficulty breathing, and are also less likely to need hospitalization and less likely to die of COVID-19. [...] "The fact is that we are not seeing preponderance of severe [COVID-19] disease in young children, which is distinct from influenza," says Dr. Kristin Moffitt, an assistant professor pediatrics at Harvard Medical School and a pediatric infectious disease specialist at Boston Children’s Hospital. [...] Doctors report seeing fewer children affected by COVID-19, even in places like Washington, which experienced the first burst of cases in the country. Moffitt, too, is not seeing as many younger children needing medical care at her own hospital. "We are seeing that the relative protection against severe disease among pediatric patients is holding true," she says. "There are very, very few pediatric patients requiring hospitalization."
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2021-04-26): Fact-check: Are kids aged 5-9 'not affected by' the coronavirus? [...] Here's why: In a viral video clip, a suburban Atlanta mother who implored her local school board to stop mandating masks for children claimed that kids ages 5 to 9 "are not affected by" the coronavirus. [...] A woman in a video clip stated that children ages 5 to 9 "are not affected by" the coronavirus.
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2022-06-22): In rare cases, children infected with the coronavirus can develop a serious lung infection and become very sick with COVID-19, and deaths have occurred. That’s why it is important to use precautions and prevent infection in children as well as adults. [...] Diabetes: Control of blood sugar is key. Children with well-managed diabetes are not expected to be more susceptible to COVID-19. But poorly controlled diabetes can weaken the immune system, so parents and doctors should watch these children carefully for signs and symptoms that may require evaluation. [...] Though in most cases COVID-19 seems to have less serious health consequences for children than for adults, it is important to avoid infection among children. Here’s how parents and guardians can help:
Claim: Children ages 5 to 9 “are not affected by” the coronavirus. (Facebook posts, 2021-04-22)
Evidence (2022-04-01): The number of children affected by COVID-19-associated orphanhood and caregiver death is estimated to have increased by 90·0% (95% CrI 89·7–90·4) from April 30 to Oct 31, 2021, from 2 737 300 (95% CrI 1 976 100–2 987 000) to 5 200 300 (3 619 400–5 731 400). Between March 1, 2020, and Oct 31, 2021, 491 300 (95% CrI 485 100–497 900) children aged 0–4 years, 736 800 (726 900–746 500) children aged 5–9 years, and 2 146 700 (2 120 900–2 174 200) children aged 10–17 years are estimated to have experienced COVID-19-associated orphanhood. Globally, 76·5% (95% CrI 76·3–76·7) of children were paternal orphans, whereas 23·5% (23·3–23·7) were maternal orphans. In each age group and region, the prevalence of paternal orphanhood exceeded that of maternal orphanhood. Our findings show that numbers of children affected by COVID-19-associated orphanhood and caregiver death almost doubled in 6 months compared with the amount after the first 14 months of the pandemic. Over the entire 20-month period, 5·0 million COVID-19 deaths meant that 5·2 million children lost a parent or caregiver. Our data on children's ages and circumstances should support pandemic response planning for children globally.