copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): The locals of Susta village, which is surrounded by the Narayani river and Indian territory, have heaved a sigh of relief with the construction of a suspension bridge across the river. Previously, the residents of Susta had to risk their lives on a wooden boat to cross the Narayani, a country’s major river, or travel through Indian territory during health emergencies or important tasks. With the new bridge now open, the villagers are elated. [...] Susta village lies in ward 5 of Susta Rural Municipality in Nawalparasi West. Nepal and India have a longstanding border dispute in the Susta area after the Narayani river changed its course. The residents in Susta complained that Indian authorities have encroached on Nepali land and the Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB), the border security force of India, harasses them under various pretexts.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-01-04): The reason the dispute persists today is that the rivers, which were counted on as a border, have diverged from their courses several times. Around 600 kilometers of the border is defined by rivers: the Mechi in the east, Mahakali in the west, and Naryani in the Susta area. The unavailability of old maps and documents to revise demarcations has made the situation even harder to resolve. [...] The other major disputed area is the Susta area to the east of the Naryani River, which has seen the most tensions owing to encroachment. A few years back, over 1,000 Indian villagers backed by the Indian border police force (SSB) forcibly entered Nepali territory in Susta. They completely destroyed sugarcane crops in about 10 hectares of land and also manhandled men and women alike. The locals of Susta complain that such incidents are rampant. Also according to reports, land disputes among locals are usually won by Indian nationals, who have the support of the armed SSB. [...] Susta is surrounded by Indian territory on three sides, the north, south, and east, with the Naryani River to the west. Hence, cutting off Susta from Nepal becomes much easier for India to occupy it, which will bring the "Greater India" dream of Hindus closer to reality.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-05-31): Nepal has released a new political map claiming Kalapani, Limpiyadhura and Lipulekh of Uttarakhand as part of its territory. The area of Susta which is in Bihar can also be noted in the new map. Nepal’s actions came after Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurated a motorable link road that connects India and China significantly reducing the time of Kailash Mansarovar Yatra. [...] The present dispute throws border disputes between India and Nepal over Kalapani – Limpiyadhura – Lipulekh, a tri junction between India-Nepal and China including Susta (An area in Champaran District, Bihar). [...] Susta is located on the bank of the Gandak River. It is called Narayani River in Nepal; it joins the Ganga near Patna, Bihar. While in the case of Susta Region the change in course by the Gandak River is the chief reason for disputes in the Susta area.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2015-01-01): Recently, Nepal has released a new political map that claims Kalapani, Limpiyadhura and Lipulekh of Uttarakhand as part of Nepal’s territory. The area of Susta (West Champaran district, Bihar) can also be noted in the new map. [...] Border Dispute Between India and Nepal - Currently, India and Nepal have border disputes over Kalapani - Limpiyadhura - Lipulekh trijunction between India-Nepal and China and Susta area (West Champaran district, Bihar). [...] - Susta is located on the bank of the Gandak river.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-09-23): Two areas in particular strike a chord in Nepal: Kalapani and Susta, which lie on the western and eastern border of Nepal, respectively. [...] In eastern Susta, the Narayani river forms the Indian-Nepali border. But several large floods have re-shaped the river, causing a 14,500 hectare Indian encroachment into Nepal. Here, again, Nepalese are sensitive to the perceived threat to their sovereignty. According to reports, lands disputes among locals are usually won by Indian nationals who have the support of the armed Indian Border Police Force (Seema Sashastra Bal) SSB.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-01-03): The purpose of the campaign was to inform the world about the wicked plans of her "polite" neighbor India. Actually the reason to start off the border dispute at Susta side is that Susta is surrounded by Indian Territory on three sides -the North, South and East, and on the West it is the Naryani River. Hence, cutting off Susta from its mother land becomes much easier for India to occupy it which will pave her closer to the "Greater India" dream of Hindus.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-10): b. Susta Region in West Champaran district, Bihar. [...] Susta, is another disputed area in the India-Nepal border. It is a 145-sq-km area that had fallen on the Indian side after the River Gandak changed course. During the 1816 Treaty of Sugauli, the west side of the Gandak river belongs to Nepal and the Eastern part of the river belongs to India. But due to frequent change of course by the Gandak river, the Susta region at present belongs to the Eastern part. This is not accepted by Nepal.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-20): India has been in effective possession of this territory for at least sixty years, although Nepal claims it conducted a census there in the early 1950s and refers to the 1815 Sugauli Treaty as legitimising its claims. But India’s new road, up to the Lipulekh pass, is not an unprecedented change in the status quo. India has controlled this territory and built other infrastructure here before, besides conducting its administration and deploying military forces up to the border pass with China. [...] Yes. The border dispute has been addressed through several official channels since the 1990s, as observed by former Indian ambassador Jayant Prasad. The dispute has roots going back to the 1950s, as detailed in a deeply researched essay by Sam Cowan. Besides Kalapani, there is also a second dispute with India in the Susta river border region. While not well known, there is also a possible issue at the Eastern tri-junction with China and the Indian state of Sikkim.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): The locals of Susta village, which is surrounded by the Narayani River and Indian territory, have heaved a sigh of relief with the construction of a suspension bridge across the river. Previously, the residents of Susta had to risk their lives on a wooden boat to cross the Narayani, one of the country’s major rivers, or travel through Indian territory during health emergencies or important tasks. [...] Nepal and India have a longstanding border dispute in the Susta area after the Narayani River changed its course.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-12-06): Disputed Territories between Nepal and India: The Cases of Kalapani, Limpiyadhura and Lipulekh and Susta Nepal shares border with India in the east, west and south that extends 1,808 km long border as per the article 5 of the Sugauli treaty of March 4, 1816. Nepal also shares 1,414 km. long disputeless border between China and Nepal mainly because of the Himalayas. Though for 200 years since the Sugauli treaty, no border dispute surfaced between Nepal and India, dispute are becoming too frequent from 1962 after Indian transfixed military station at Kalapani after the Sino-India war. Few rivers’ courses extending up to 326 km long, serve as the international border between Nepal and India. Along the Nepal-India border, poor manmade pillars, frequently changing river courses in Susta of Nawalparasi district and Dodhara-Chadani of Kanchanpur district coupled with poor institutional border records have made the border disputes even harder to resolve. Nepal covers a total area of 147,181 sq. km., but in reality, the territory of Nepal is gradually shrinking. Until today, India has encroached Nepal’s 605 sq. km area in over 71 places of 21 districts out of 77 districts of Nepal.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-10-05): The settlement of Susta was once perched firmly on the west bank of the Narayani River, long considered the border between Nepal and India. But the river has changed course, cutting persistently into Nepali territory. Susta today finds itself on the east bank of the Narayani. India maintains that the new course of the river is the international boundary while Nepal disagrees. Susta, thus, remains contested - claimed by Nepal, hemmed in on three sides by India and on the other by the Narayani. [...] Good signs, however, are few when it comes to Susta's volatile politics; not much has changed on that front. Official records have the total area of the village at 40,980 hectares, of which 7,000 is in Nepal, 14,000 hectares in India, and 19,980 hectares declared disputed territory, where neither country can build or farm. But these records ignore the thousands of hectares lost to erosion in recent years.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-09-18): For Sthapit, the experience has become much deeper and more personal than he ever could have expected. "Although it’s surrounded by land on three sides and water on one, there is the sense that Susta is an island. After visiting a couple of times, I was accepted wholeheartedly by the community of this island. Walking down the street with my camera I would be beckoned into a family home, to find the entire family dressed up ready for a formal group portrait!" The issues that face Susta don’t look likely to change – a bridge was planned to reconnect Susta back to Nepal, but work on it has never commenced, and electricity and access to formal education are just two of a number of issues facing Susta’s inhabitants.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): The settlement of Susta was once perched firmly on the west bank of the Narayani River, long considered the border between Nepal and India. But the river has changed course, cutting persistently into Nepali territory. Susta today finds itself on the east bank of the Narayani. India maintains that the new course of the river is the international boundary while Nepal disagrees. Susta, thus, remains contested—claimed by Nepal, hemmed in on three sides by India and on the other by the Narayani. There is the ‘Save Susta Campaign,’ a local movement protesting Indian advancement, but locals are more concerned about the advancing Narayani river. Every monsoon, the Narayani expands further, eating into hundreds of hectares of farmland. "How many battles must we fight?" asks Laila Begum, a Susta local. This is a petition to the people of Nepal, and the world, for change in Susta. A resolution of the dispute between the two countries and the building of retaining walls along the banks of the Narayani.
Claim: Susta River is a territory of India (Susta River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-11-29): The Susta territorial dispute has arisen as a result of the shifting of the course of the Gandak river. [...] - When the treaty was signed, Susta was on the right bank of the river Gandak which falls in Nepal territorial control. But, in due course of time, the river has changed its course and Susta now falls on the left bank of the Gandak, which is controlled by India. [...] Since, the Gandak change of course has been gradual, India claimed Susta as part of their territory as per international laws.
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-07): The Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a union territory of India comprising 836 islands, of which only 31 are inhabited. These islands are grouped into two main clusters: the northern Andaman Islands and the southern Nicobar Islands, separated by a 150 km (93 mi) wide channel. The capital and largest city of the territory, Port Blair (officially Sri Vijaya Puram), is located approximately 1,190 km (740 mi) from Chennai and 1,255 km (780 mi) from Kolkata in mainland India. The islands are situated between the Bay of Bengal to the west and the Andaman Sea to the east. The northernmost point is 901 km (560 mi) from the mouth of the Hooghly River. Indira Point, located at 6°45’10″N and 93°49’36″E on the southern tip of Great Nicobar, is the southernmost point of India. [...] External links - Andaman and Nicobar Islands - 1956 establishments in India - Andaman Sea - Dependent territories in Asia - Islands of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands - Islands of the Andaman Sea - Islands of the Bay of Bengal - States and territories established in 1956 - States and union territories of India - Union territories of India - Volcanic arc islands
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-07-28): Below is a list of the eight Union Territories of India and their capitals. By area, Ladakh (59,146 km²) is the largest and Lakshadweep (32.62 km²) is the smallest Union Territory in India. By population, Delhi is the largest and Lakshadweep is the smallest Union Territory in India. India has 28 states.
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-02-19): 4- Part D: Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands that was governed by a Lieutenant Governor who was appointed by the Central Government. [...] In 1954, Puducherry was merged into the Republic of India after attaining independence from French Rule and became the Union Territory of Puducherry. In 1963, Puducherry was granted the status of Partial Statehood. [...] At present, India has 8 Union Territories (UTs)-- Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Lakshadweep, and Puducherry.
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-30): The Andaman Islands (/ˈændəmən/) are an archipelago, made up of 200 islands, in the northeastern Indian Ocean about 130 km (81 mi) southwest off the coasts of Myanmar's Ayeyarwady Region. Together with the Nicobar Islands to their south, the Andamans serve as a maritime boundary between the Bay of Bengal to the west and the Andaman Sea to the east. Most of the islands are part of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a Union Territory of India, while the Coco Islands and Preparis Island are part of the Yangon Region of Myanmar. [...] Most of the Andaman Islands became part of the Republic of India in 1950 and was declared as a union territory of the nation in 1956, while the Preparis Island and Coco Islands became part of the Yangon Region of Myanmar in 1948.[30] [...] Government [edit]Port Blair is the chief community on the islands, and the administrative centre of the Union Territory. The Andaman Islands form a single administrative district within the Union Territory, the Andaman district (the Nicobar Islands were separated and established as the new Nicobar district in 1974).
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-01-27): The Ilam Shree Antu Danda tour is a short and scenic tour that offers stunning views of the eastern Himalayas, the Terai landscape, and the tea-growing regions of Darjeeling. [...] The Antu Danda viewpoint offers panoramic views of the eastern Himalayas to the north, the Terai landscape to the south, and the tea-growing regions of Darjeeling to the east. On clear days, Mt. Everest can also be seen. Ilam is a diverse area, home to various ethnic groups such as Limbu, Rai, Lepcha, Magar, Tamang, and others. Visitors can also opt to stay with a Lepcha community through homestay and learn more about their unique culture and traditions. Antu Danda offers well-facilitated hotels and cottages for accommodation. The development of these facilities is a result of the increasing flow of tourists visiting Ilam and hiking up to the Shree Antu hill.
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-10): Port Blair is the capital city of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a union territory of India located in the Bay of Bengal. It is the largest city in the archipelago and serves as the administrative, cultural, and commercial center of the region. Port Blair is situated on the eastern coast of South Andaman Island and is connected to the mainland through air and sea links. [...] The Andaman and Nicobar island groups have a long history, with the Nicobars being known since the time of Ptolemy. The inhabitants had trade relations with the outside world through copra. The islands were occupied by the Danes in 1756 and the British took possession in 1869. During World War II, the Japanese occupied the islands from 1942-45. After brief British repossession, the islands became an integral part of the Republic of India on August 15, 1947, as they were part of the old British Empire of India. Bishop John Richardson played a significant role in the modernization of Nicobarese society. After Independence, the government aimed to protect the interests of the Nicobarese by restricting entry to the islands, but settlement of non-tribals began in the late 1960s. Nicobar was declared a separate district on August 1, 1974, with its headquarters at Car Nicobar. [...] Indian citizens do not require a passport to visit the Andaman and Nicobar Islands as it is a part of India. However, they need to carry a valid photo identity proof like Aadhaar Card, Voter ID Card, Driving License, etc. Foreign nationals visiting the Andaman and Nicobar Islands require a valid passport and an Indian visa.
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-01-01): Day 03: Fly to Bhadrapur (3000m.) and drive to Shree Antu Danda (Hill) and explore. [...] Day 05: Drive to Shree Antu Danda (Hill) and explore.
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-22): The Andaman and Nicobar Islands is an archipelago of 572 islands of which 37 are inhabited. It is a union territory of India. [...] 2004 Asian tsunami [edit]On 26 December 2004, the coasts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands were devastated by a 10 m (33 ft) massive tsunami following the undersea earthquake off Indian Ocean. More than 2,000 people lost their lives, more than 4,000 children were orphaned or suffered the loss of one parent, and a minimum of 40,000 people were rendered homeless. More than 46,000 people were injured.[8] The worst affected Nicobar islands were Katchal and Indira Point; the latter subsided 4.25 metres (13.9 feet) and was partially submerged in the ocean. The lighthouse at Indira Point was damaged but has been repaired since then. The territory lost a large amount of area which is now submerged. The territory which was at Indian states 8,073 km2 (3,117 sq mi) is now at 7,950 km2 (3,070 sq mi).[9] [...] - ^ Government of India (1908). The Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Local Gazetteer. Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta.
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-02): 1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands - The union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands has 38 inhabited islands. - The union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is separated from Thailand and Myanmar by the Andaman Sea. [...] - Ladakh was separated from Jammu and Kashmir and was designated as a separate union territory.
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Facts and figures on Antudanda at a glance Name: Antudanda (Antudanda)Status: Place [...] Antudanda is located in the region of Province 1. Province 1's capital Dhankuta (Dhankutā) is approximately 80 km / 50 mi away from Antudanda (as the crow flies). The distance from Antudanda to Nepal's capital Kathmandu (Kathmandu) is approximately 293 km / 182 mi (as the crow flies).
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): India, officially the Republic of India (ISO: Bhārat Gaṇarājya),[21] is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area; the most populous country from June 2023[22][23] and from the time of its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy.[24][25][26] Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;[j] China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. [...] - ^ The Government of India also regards Afghanistan as a bordering country, as it considers all of Kashmir to be part of India. However, this is disputed, and the region bordering Afghanistan is administered by Pakistan.[27] [...] - ^ The northernmost point under Indian control is the disputed Siachen Glacier in Jammu and Kashmir; however, the Government of India regards the entire region of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, including the Gilgit-Baltistan administered by Pakistan, to be its territory. It therefore assigns the latitude 37° 6′ to its northernmost point.
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-05): Andaman Islands, island group, Andaman and Nicobar Islands union territory, India, lying in the Indian Ocean about 850 miles (1,370 km) east of the Indian subcontinent. The Andamans have an area of 2,474 square miles (6,408 square km). They are one of the two major groups of islands in the union territory, the other being the Nicobar Islands to the south; together they constitute an archipelago that forms the boundary between the southeastern Bay of Bengal (west) and the Andaman Sea (east). The Andamans extend north-south for about 225 miles (360 km) and include more than 300 islands, some two dozen of them inhabited. The three major islands are North Andaman, Middle Andaman, and South Andaman—closely positioned and collectively known as Great Andaman. Also prominent is Little Andaman, to the south. Of the still-extant original inhabitants—including the Sentinalese, the Jarawa, the Onge, and a group of peoples collectively known as the Great Andamese—only the first three retain a traditional hunting-and-gathering way of life. The Andamans, situated on the ancient trade route between India and Myanmar (Burma), were visited by Lieut. Archibald Blair of the Bombay Marine (the East India Company’s navy) in 1789. The first European settlement on the islands was at Port Blair, situated along the eastern coast of South Andaman. It is now the union territory capital.
Claim: Antudanda is a territory of India (Antudanda, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-15): - The only Part D state was the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, which were administered by a lieutenant governor appointed by the union government. [...] In August 2019, the Parliament of India passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, which contains provisions to reorganise the state of Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories; Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, effective from 31 October 2019.[23] Later that year in November, the Government of India introduced legislation to merge the union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli into a single union territory to be known as Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, effective from 26 January 2020.[24][25][26] [...] - ^ Andhra State Act, 1953 (PDF). Parliament of India. 1953. Retrieved 15 October 2023.