copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): 9 The Chinese claims in this area include the greater part of Aksai Chin, a part of Chang-Chenmo Valley (Pangong Area), a small part of the territory near Khurnak, the Demchok or Parigas area. White Paper III, at 66-67.
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-26): There has been a sustained rise in incidents of LAC violation by the Chinese PLA since 2008, becoming apparent even as negotiations on the India-US nuclear deal were underway. In 2006, Chinese Ambassador to India Sun Yuxi, in a media interview, claimed the whole of Arunachal Pradesh as part of China.[59] The statement was surprising, given that just a year earlier in April 2005, India and China had signed an agreement on the guiding principles to solve the boundary dispute and agreed to "safeguard the interests of the settled populations in the border areas."[60] In May 2007, China refused to issue a visa to an Indian IAS officer hailing from Arunachal Pradesh, saying he was a "Chinese national" and therefore did not require a visa. In the same year, there were over 150 transgressions across the LAC, which increased to 270 in 2008.[61] In November 2009, Chinese soldiers crossed the LAC and stopped a road construction project in Demchok, Ladakh.[62] In August 2011, Chinese soldiers reportedly used helicopters to land on the Indian side of the LAC and dismantle bunkers.[63] Similar instances of LAC violations were reported in 2012.[64]
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-15): The second bridge and "other Chinese encroachments" into the 45-kilometer-long (28 miles) Skakjung pastureland in the Demchok-Koyul sector in Ladakh have snatched their sense of safety and rights over that land owned by the nomads for generations. [...] Nomadic tribes such as the Changpas living in the sector’s villages – Dumchele, Demchok, Chumur, Tsaga La, Koyul, and Loma – say they are losing access to grazing lands, which are already shrinking since the conflict intensified in 2020. [...] "Today, we cannot go up to our pasturelands in Dumchele. In the past, we traveled beyond the disputed Demchok sector for cattle grazing. Currently, China deprives us of access to grazing land in Dumchele and areas such as Kigunaru, which are now under Chinese control," he asserts.
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-11-01): Demchok sector kowiki 뎀초크 지역 zhwiki 巴里加斯
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-25): First of all, the current disengagement only involves withdrawals on one of the contested border areas, those which set off the skirmishes of 2020. Locations in friction points that predate 2020, such as Depsang in Daulat Beg Oldie and the Charding Nullah Junction in Demchok in the western sector, remain pending. Moreover, while tensions in eastern Ladakh can now plausibly decrease, broader recriminations along the border persist with the consequent potential of new flareups or clashes.
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-30): - Kailash Range - PP35 to PP37 — in Skakjung pasture & near China-administered Dumchele.[60] There have been several incursions by the China in this area. Due to the different perception of the border India and China and continuing Chinese incursions in Chushul, Chumur, Dungti, Phobrang, and Demchok has adversely affected the life of local Changpa nomadic herders.[60][66] - Demchok sector: Demchok and Chardhing Nala - PP 38 to ?. [...] External links [edit]- Borders of Ladakh, marked on OpenStreetMap represents the Line of Actual Control in the east and south (including the Demchok sector).
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2016-11-18): India-China tensions have recently escalated at two Himalayan flashpoints: Ladakh and Sikkim. On 5 May, scuffles broke out between Chinese and Indian soldiers near Pangong Tso, a lake that straddles the border in Ladakh. At the same time, there were skirmishes near Nathu La, a mountain pass that marks the border in Sikkim. 10,000 Chinese soldiers are thought to remain camped at Pangong Tso, Galwan Valley and Demchok in Ladakh, and near Nathu La in Sikkim. [...] The territorial claims to Ladakh rest on competing readings of historical treaties. The Treaty of Tingmosgang, for example, has been used by India to claim Ladakh, as it describes a distinction between Ladakh and Tibet. Ladakh and Tibet shared a boundary more than 1000 kilometres long. The treaty actually defines it as one checkpost, at the Lhari Stream near Demchok. [...] India’s claim is further based on the boundaries of the Dogra Empire. The Tibetans, Ladakhis and Dogra signed a treaty in Leh in 1842. It likewise focused on trade and religious exchange. It left trade in the hands of Ladakhis and reaffirmed the post at Demchok.
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-30): People's Republic of China's position [edit]The Depsang Plains are located on the border of the Indian union territory of Ladakh and the disputed zone of Aksai Chin. The Chinese Army controls most of the plains,[4] while India controls the western portion of the plains.[5] The dispute remains unresolved.[6] [...] Pakistan [edit]Kashmir [edit]The conflict over Kashmir is primarily between India and Pakistan, with China largely playing a third-party role.[31][32] Conflict started after the partition of India in 1947, as both India and Pakistan initially claimed the entirety of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. In 1963, Pakistan recognized Chinese sovereignty over the Trans-Karakoram Tract and Aksai Chin.[14] India controls 70% of Kashmir's population and approximately 55% of its land area including Jammu, Kashmir Valley, most of Ladakh, and Siachen Glacier.[33] Pakistan controls approximately 30% of the land including Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan. China controls the remaining 15% of the land, including Aksai Chin and the mostly uninhabited Trans-Karakoram Tract, as well as part of the Demchok sector.[34][35][36][37][38][39]
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-29): The Demchok[lower-alpha 1] sector is a disputed area named after the villages of Demchok, Ladakh and Dêmqog, Tibet, situated near the confluence of the Charding Nullah and Indus River. It is a part of the greater Sino-Indian border dispute between China and India. Both China and India claim the disputed region, with a Line of Actual Control between the two nations situated along the Charding Nullah.[lower-alpha 2] [...] - ↑ Arpi, Claude (19 May 2017). "The Case of Demchok". Indian Defence Review. http://www.indiandefencereview.com/spotlights/the-case-of-demchok/. "The talks were held in Beijing between Zhang Hanfu, China's Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs, N. Raghavan, the Indian Ambassador to China and T.N. Kaul, his Chargé d'Affaires and Chen Chai-Kang, a Director. They lasted from December 1953 till end of April 1954. [...] Kaul objected, Demchok was in India, he told Chen who answered that India's border was further on the West of the Indus. On Kaul's insistence Chen said "There can be no doubt about actual physical possession which can be verified on spot but to avoid any dispute we may omit mention of Demchok". [...] In October 1962, the Demchok sub-sector was held by the 7 J&K Militia. The PLA launched an attack on October 22. [...] The PLA eventually withdrew, but occupied the southern part of Demchok."
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-09-14): Since 2016–2017, these villages have been planned and built on multiple sectors of the India-China border—Demchok in Ladakh in the western sector, Churup near Uttarakhand in the middle sector, and near Upper Subansiri in Arunachal Pradesh in the eastern sector. The construction of new villages has been reported as recently as May 2023. This is not a localized, tactical issue but a broader development across time and space. A careful examination reveals that the villages are an attempt by Beijing to strengthen its hand at the border, with negative implications for India’s border security. [...] Given this civil-military fusion and the building of these villages right up to the India-China border (such as a village in Demchok), the third concern is that China is eroding the basis of border management. This is because the villages undermine the spirit of two key agreements that form the basis of border management between India and China—the 1993 Border Peace and Tranquility Agreement and the 1996 Confidence-Building Measures Agreement. In Point 2 of the 1993 agreement and Article III(1) of the 1996 agreement, the two sides agreed to reduce or limit their respective military forces along the border. By settling civilians in these villages close to the border and then tasking them with national security duties, it seems that China is undertaking actions that contradict the two agreements, thereby undermining the basis of border management. This is concerning especially at a time when skirmishes are more frequent and the border is prone to risks of escalation.
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-04-09): In the spring of 2020, PLAA border defense units and out-of-area combat units increased training and patrolling in the region and established new outposts along the LAC in the Galwan Valley, at Gogra/Hot Springs, and near Pangong Lake.27 Although provocative, these movements likely occurred within the limits of China’s territorial claims.28 In early May, Chinese and Indian soldiers engaged in a fistfight, which increased tensions along the LAC.29 On June 15, 2020, elements of a battalion of the Hotan Border Defense Regiment engaged in hand-to-hand combat with Indian forces in the Galwan River Valley at the confluence of the Shyok River near a location called Patrol Point 14 that resulted in the deaths of 20 Indian and four Chinese border defense soldiers. No shots were fired during the encounter.30 Reportedly, the Indian Army has established 65 Patrol Points from the Karakoram Pass to Chumur, an area outside the Aksai Chin, about 50 miles due west of Demchok.31 The exact locations for all Patrol Points have not been released publicly, yet much media reporting refers to activities at individual Patrol Points. Thus, the precise location of certain events is uncertain due to inconsistencies in reporting.32 [...] - Chinese maps showing many place names, Patrol Points, and fingers on Pangong Lake from the Depsang Plains south along the LAC to Demchok can be found at "1002什么," Weibo (website), September 10, 2022, https://weibo.com/2301227855/M57zgE8QA. There are discrepancies between some names in the Gogra/Hot Springs sector in this source and other sources. Return to text.
Claim: Demchok sector is a territory of Republic of China (Demchok sector, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-15): Since the Galwan valley clash in June 2020, there have been twenty rounds of direct discussion between the two militaries and several meetings of the WMCC on how to disengage in the stand-off areas in the Western sector. Until July 2023, the two armies have successfully disengaged in five places along the LAC—Patrol Point (PP)-15, PP-17, and PP-17A in the Gogra-Hot Springs area, PP-14 in the Galwan valley, and the northern and southern banks of Pangong Tso.25 In Depsang and Demchok, both sides are still in discussion on the way to resolve the stand-off to mutual satisfaction (the two military forces with accompanying armor and artillery remain in a state of close confrontation). No broader discussion appears to have taken place thus far on the de-escalation or de-induction of forces. Therefore, forty months after the Galwan valley incident, more than 50,000 troops remain deployed on either side of the LAC in the Western sector.
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-04-04): The Depsang Plains, a high-altitude gravelly plain in the northwest portion of the disputed Aksai Chin region of Kashmir, divided into Indian and Chinese administered portions by a Line of Actual Control.[2][3] India controls the western portion of the plains as part of Ladakh, while the eastern portion is controlled by China and claimed by India.[4] The Line of Control with Pakistan-administered Gilgit-Baltistan is 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of the Depsang Plains, with the Siachen Glacier in-between.[5] Ladakh's traditional trade route to Central Asia passed through the Depsang Plains, with the Karakoram Pass lying directly to its north. The Depsang plains are also part of the area called Sub-Sector North (SSN) by the Indian military.[6] The area sees frequent tension between China and India. Major standoffs between the two countries occurred in 2013, 2015 and 2020. [...] Geography [edit]The Depsang plains are located in the north-western Aksai Chin.[9] They are bounded on the north by the valley of the Chip Chap River and on the west by the Shyok River. On the east, they are bounded by low hills of the Lak Tsung range, which separate them from the basin of the Karakash River. In the south, the Depsang Plains proper end at the Depsang La pass, but in common parlance, the Depsang region is taken to include the mountainous region to the south of it, including the "Depsang Bulge". The latter is a bulge in theoretical Indian territory, housing the upper course of the Burtsa Nala.
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-06-01): According to Mr Shukla and several other experts, China's advance into Eastern Ladakh means hundreds of square kilometres of territory that India claimed as its own effectively became China's. After several rounds of talks, the two militaries agreed in February to pull back from the mountains around the Pangong Tso lake. But China has shown no inclination to withdraw from the other newly occupied areas - Hot Springs, Gogra Post and the Depsang plains in Ladakh. [...] "From the Chinese point of view, Indian soldiers have been building roads and other infrastructure in Ladakh's Galwan valley, which according to China falls under its territory," Zhou Bo, a retired senior colonel in the People's Liberation Army, told the BBC.
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-03-15): Fifteen rounds of talks have taken place over the last 22 months. These have resulted in disengagement of troops from Galwan Valley (July 2020), the north and south banks of Pangong Tso (February 2021) and Gogra Post (August 2021). Agreement on pullback of troops from three other "friction points" – Hot Springs, Demchok, and Depsang Plains – remains elusive. [...] Indian analysts are saying that the Chinese have categorically refused to discuss disengagement at Depsang. Chinese troops are said to have occupied the Y-junction on the Indian side of the LAC, cutting off Indian soldiers’ access to five patrolling points in this highly strategic area. The Chinese have pitched a few tents on the Indian side in Demchok too and have refused to pull back. Given the immense strategic value of Hot Springs, Demchok, and Depsang, the People’s Liberation Army has perhaps dug in its heels at the talks. [...] Meanwhile, Indian analysts are drawing attention to the implications of the Ukraine crisis for India’s defense preparedness and the situation at the LAC. While some are not ruling out the possibility of the Chinese using the international community’s preoccupation with the crisis in Eastern Europe to quietly ingress deeper into Indian territory, cross the LAC at other strategic points and sectors, and consolidate its position in places like Depsang, others are pointing to the longer-term impact on Russian military supplies to India.
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-07-10): While it is not possible to be certain about what caused the latest flare-up, the escalation of tension is by no means sudden. Over the last few years, there have been a number of such incidents in the congested boundary region, including at Daulat Beg Oldi (2013), Chumar (2013), Demchok (2014), and the Doklam trijunction (2017). However, the current standoff is unique in its spread, with the buildup of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) forces reported from the Depsang Plains in the northern end of the western sector to Naku La in the eastern sector.
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-20): The 2013 Depsang standoff, also called 2013 Depsang incursion,[2] or 2013 Daulat Beg Oldi incident,[3][a] was an incursion and sit-in by a platoon-sized contingent of the Chinese PLA in the dry river bed of Raki Nala, in the Depsang Bulge area, 30 km south of Daulat Beg Oldi near the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in the disputed Aksai Chin region.[4] [...] See also [edit]Notes [edit]- ^ The Indian media named the event after the better known Daulat Beg Oldi instead of Depsang Plains or Depsang Bulge, even though the location was the latter. [...] - ^ P. J. S. Sandhu, It Is Time to Accept How Badly India Misread Chinese Intentions in 1962 – and 2020, The Wire, 21 July 2020. "However, there was one exception and that was in the Depsang Plain (southeast of Karakoram Pass) where they seemed to have overstepped their Claim Line and straightened the eastward bulge."
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-06-25): In April 2013, ahead of the visit of Chinese Premier Li Keqiang to India, soldiers of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) intruded and pitched tents around 19 kilometres into Indian-controlled territory in Depsang Plains near Daulat Beg Oldi (DBO), the northern most area along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in Ladakh. [...] Over the last decade, the Chinese have made inroads into Depsang Plains and DBO. In one part of the sector, the PLA has built tracks and roads which stop just 4 kilometres short of an Indian post at what is called the Track Junction on the road leading towards the base and Advance Landing Ground at DBO. [...] If the Chinese positions in the DBO sector and Depsang Plains shift further west, the PLA will be in a better position than before to interdict the Darbuk-Shyok-DBO road in the area during future conflicts with India.
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): In 2006, the Chinese ambassador to India claimed that all of Arunachal Pradesh is Chinese territory[48] amidst a military buildup.[49] At the time, both countries claimed incursions as much as a kilometre at the northern tip of Sikkim.[36] In 2009, India announced it would deploy additional military forces along the border.[50] In 2014, India proposed China should acknowledge a "One India" policy to resolve the border dispute.[51][52] [...] See also [edit]- Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China - China containment policy - Chinese salami slicing strategy - Himalayan Rim - India-China Border Roads - List of disputed territories of China - List of disputed territories of India - List of territorial disputes - McMahon Line - Sino-Indian relations - Sino-Indian War
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-09-18): The Depsang Plains, a high-altitude gravelly plain in the northwest portion of the disputed Aksai Chin region of Kashmir, divided into Indian and Chinese administered portions by a Line of Actual Control.[2][3] India controls the western portion of the plains as part of Ladakh, while the eastern portion is controlled by China and claimed by India.[4] The Line of Control with Pakistan-administered Gilgit-Baltistan is 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of the Depsang Plains, with the Siachen Glacier in-between.[5] Ladakh's traditional trade route to Central Asia passed through the Depsang Plains, with the Karakoram Pass lying directly to its north. The Depsang plains are also part of the area called Sub-Sector North (SSN) by the Indian military.[6] The area sees frequent tension between China and India. Major standoffs between the two countries occurred in 2013, 2015 and 2020. [...] The Depsang plains are located in the north-western Aksai Chin.[9] They are bounded on the north by the valley of the Chip Chap River and on the west by the Shyok River. On the east, they are bounded by low hills of the Lak Tsung range, which separate them from the basin of the Karakash River. In the south, the Depsang Plains proper end at the Depsang La pass, but in common parlance, the Depsang region is taken to include the mountainous region to the south of it, including the "Depsang Bulge". The latter is a bulge in theoretical Indian territory, housing the upper course of the Burtsa Nala.
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): This article is about territorial disputes of the People's Republic of China (PRC). A territorial dispute is a disagreement over the possession or control of land between two or more political entities. Many of China's territorial disputes result from the historical consequences of colonialism in Asia and the lack of clear historical boundary demarcations. Many of these disputes are almost identical to those that the Republic of China (ROC) based in Taipei, also known as Taiwan, has with other countries. Therefore, many of the subsequent resolved disputes made by the PRC after 1949 with other governments may not be recognized by the ROC.[1] [...] The Depsang Plains are located on the border of the Indian union territory of Ladakh and the disputed zone of Aksai Chin. The People's Liberation Army occupied most of the plains during its 1962 war with India,[20] while India controls the western portion of the plains.[21] The dispute remains unresolved.[22] [...] - ^ China's Decision for War with India in 1962 by John W. Garver Archived 26 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine - ^ Manoj Joshi (2013-05-07). "Making sense of the Depsang incursion". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 2021-03-24. Retrieved 2014-03-15.
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-09-23): While the Chinese incursion into Indian territory began in April (see map above), the People’s Liberation Army had started transgressing key points in the Depsang Plains much before. The Depsang Plains, located in the northern part of eastern Ladakh, are close to the strategically important Daulat Beg Oldie (near the Karakoram Pass), where India’s highest airstrip is located. The plains come under India’s sub sector north (SSN), and lie between the Siachen Glacier on one side and Chinese-controlled Aksai Chin on the other. [...] As reported by ThePrint, the tensions in the Depsang Plains go back to China’s 18-km incursion into the area in 2013, followed by the 2017 Doklam standoff near India’s tri-junction with China and Bhutan to the east.
Claim: Depsang Plains is a territory of People's Republic of China (Depsang Plains, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-09-19): The importance of the Depsang Plains lies in its geographical location. The strategic and military threat to the plains is the greatest along the eastern Ladakh, which is also part of the SSN. [...] To the north of Depsang is the over 18,000 feet Karakoram Pass. To its right is the Chinese-annexed Aksai Chin, across which runs the G219 highway that connects Tibet and Xinjiang provinces. The Lingzi Thang mountain range divides the Depsang Plains from Aksai Chin. [...] The Chinese aggression at the Galwan Valley and the Depsang Plains is an attempt to put pressure on the DS-DBO road and stop further infrastructure build-up.