copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Nigeria (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-04-05): Dr Uche Okpara is a UK Research and Innovation Future Leaders Fellow at the Natural Resources Institute (NRI), University of Greenwich. Before joining NRI, he taught and conducted research at both the University of Leeds and the University of Nigeria. [...] Opinion pieces/blog posts/internet publications - Okpara, U. (2021). "How the COVID-19 pandemic may hinder efforts to address shocks from climate change and violent extremism in Lake Chad", https://www.nri.org/latest/news/2020/how-the-covid-19-pandemic-may-hinder-efforts-to-address-shocks-from-climate-change-and-violent-extremism-in-lake-chad - Okpara, U (2021). "Future in Five: Uche Okpara", https://www.nri.org/latest/news/2021/future-in-five-uche-okpara - Okpara, U.T (2019) The disappearing lake. [Online] Next Gen Dispatches, Kujenga-Amani. Available at: <https://kujenga-amani.ssrc.org/2019/04/18/the-disappearing-lake/> [Accessed 3 April 2020] [...] - Okpara, U.T (2010) The practice of post-development monitoring in environmental impact assessment: claims and evidences. [Online] Available at: <https://www.academia.edu/1026515/THE_PRACTICE_OF_POSTDEVELOPMENT_MONITORING_IN_ENVIRONMENTAL_IMPACT_ASSESSMENT_CLAIMS_AND_EVIDENCES> [Accessed 3 April 2020]
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Nigeria (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-06-01): The research was carried out within Calabar South and Calabar Municipal Council, the two local government areas that make up Calabar metropolis. Calabar is the capital of Cross River State of Nigeria, which is located in South East Nigeria. Calabar city lies to the south of Cross River State, and it has a population of 371 022, according to the 2006 national population census.15
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Nigeria (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2012-06-21): Groundwater monitoring of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike in Abia State, Southeastern Nigeria is presented in this paper with the aim of determining the physical and chemical characteristics of borehole water in the place, and comparing its quality with that of the World Health Organization (WHO). The local geology of the study area, Benin Formation, is of Cretaceous to Recent age. The area is located between latitude 5 o 28' and 5 o 30' N, and longitude 7 o 31' and 7 o 33' E… [PDF] Semantic Reader 3 Citations
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Nigeria (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-10-22): In March 2017, SARS arrested 23-year-old Miracle Ifeanyichukwu Okpara and detained him in Anambra State, eastern Nigeria, on a charge of having stolen a laptop. Amnesty International reported that he was tortured and hardly given any food during 40 days of detention before he was taken to court and charged with armed robbery. The court discharged the case for lack of evidence.
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Nigeria (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-07-27): - Uche T. Okpara et al., "Conflicts about Water in Lake Chad: Are Environmental, Vulnerability and Security Issues Linked?," Progress in Development Studies 15, no. 4 (October 2015): 308–25, https://doi.org/10.1177/1464993415592738. [...] - Uche T. Okpara, Lindsay C. Stringer, and Andrew J. Dougill, "Lake Drying and Livelihood Dynamics in Lake Chad: Unravelling the Mechanisms, Contexts and Responses," Ambio 45, no. 7 (November 2016): 781–95, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0805-6. [...] - Okpara et al., "Conflicts about Water in Lake Chad," 308–25.
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Nigeria (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): High Court of Abia State, No. 13b, Okpara Avenue, P.M.B. 7236, Umuahia 088-220391 34
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-07): The Okpara River is a river of Benin.[2] Originating in Borgou Department, it flows south and becomes the border between Nigeria and Benin before re-entering Benin and flowing into the Ouémé River, which ultimately drains into the Atlantic Ocean.[3] Several villages along the river are disputed between Benin and Nigeria.[4][5] [...] Climate [edit]Okpara River is a stream in Nigeria. It is located at an elevation of 75 meters above sea level. It has coordinates of 7°45'0" N and 2°28'60" E in DMS or 7.75 and 2.48333. The sun rises at 08:45 and sets at 20:52 local time (Africa/Lagos UTC/GMT+1). It is a Stream body of running water moving to a lower level in a channel on land.[7] [...] - ^ "Okpara River, Benin - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates". geographic.org. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-09): Description [edit]The border starts in the north at the tripoint with Niger in the Niger River and then proceeds in a roughly south-to-southwesterly direction overland, before reaching the Okpara River just east of Waria. The border then proceeds to the south, utilising the Okpara for circa 100 miles, various small streams, and several overland sections, before terminating at the Bight of Benin.[2] [...] A rough delimitation between the two territories as far north as the 9th parallel had been negotiated on 10 August 1889; this was further clarified in more detail via an agreement of 12 October 1896.[3][2] An Anglo-French treaty of 14 June 1898 confirmed this border, and extended it northwards up to the river Niger.[3][2] This border was confirmed by a treaty of 19 October 1906, with some minor changes made in 1912 following on-the-ground demarcation which were later finalised officially via an exchange of notes in 1914.[2][3] The section between the Atlantic and the Okpara river was marked on the ground by 142 concrete beacons, the boundary being formed by a straight line between them.[2]
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-05-25): In tropical Africa, and particularly in Benin, running waters dwell a high and valuable fish fauna that are almost unknown, but under severe degradation. The current study inventoried the fish biodiversity of the Okpara stream, the main tributary of the Oueme River (the largest in Benin), in order to fill the gap of ichthyological data and to improve habitat protection, species conservation and valorization. During 18 months, fish samplings were made monthly with various fishing gears on five (5) locations. A total of 53 fish species belonging to 30 genera, 14 families and 7 orders were recorded among a total of 9552 individual fish collected. The most representative families were Mormyridae with 9 species and Cichlidae with 8 species, then follow Mockokidae, Clariidae, Cyprinidae and Alestidae with 6, 6, 6, 4 species, respectively. Families such as Anabantidae, Bagridae, Claroteidae, Malapteruridae, Polypteridae and Schilbeidae were less represented and individually included 2 species. The Hepsetidae and Aplocheilidae were represented by one (1) species, respectively the African pike, Hepsetus odoe and Epiplatys bifasciatus. A holistic scheme of ecosystem management and species conservation requires a complete knowledge on the fish community structure, eco-toxicology and species ecological status. [...] - Zogo DH, Soclo H, Bawa M, Gbaguidi M. 2008. Distribution des résidus de fer et de manganèse le long de la colonne d’une retenue d’eau en cours d’eutrophisation : Cas du barrage de l’Okpara à Parakou au Benin. Journée d’Étude du CEBEDEAU. Tribune de l’Eau No 642; 12p.
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-01): Okpara River (Todji) / [...] Okpara River (Okpara River) is a stream (class H - Hydrographic) in Departement de l' Oueme (Benin (general)), Benin (Africa) with the region font code of Africa/Middle East. It is located at an elevation of 43 meters above sea level and its population amounts to 6,525. [...] Map and Photos Okpara River
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-11-23): The border starts in the north at the tripoint with Niger in the Niger River and then proceeds in a roughly south-to-southwesterly direction overland, before reaching the Okpara River just east of Waria. The border then proceeds to the south, utilising the Okpara for circa 100 miles, various small streams, and several overland sections, before terminating at the Bight of Benin.[2] [...] A rough delimitation between the two territories as far north as the 9th parallel had been negotiated on 10 August 1889; this was further clarified in more detail via an agreement of 12 October 1896.[3][2] An Anglo-French treaty of 14 June 1898 confirmed this border, and extended it northwards up to the river Niger.[3][2] This border was confirmed by a treaty of 19 October 1906, with some minor changes made in 1912 following on-the-ground demarcation which were later finalised officially via an exchange of notes in 1914.[2][3] The section between the Atlantic and the Okpara river was marked on the ground by 142 concrete beacons, the boundary being formed by a straight line between them.[2]
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-02-28): Lake Okpara Parakou Benin 05-05-2019.jpg 4,160 × 3,120; 3.99 MB - [...] Les rives du Fleuve Okpara au Bénin.jpg 5,472 × 3,648; 15.67 MB - Okpara Lake Benin 05-05-2019.jpg 4,160 × 3,120; 5.08 MB -
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-30): Location [edit]Agbon Kingdom covers about 375 square kilometres. The land is bounded in the north by Abraka kingdom, and Orhionmwon Local Government Area in neighbouring Edo State, On the east, it is bounded by Orogun, Agbahra Otor, Agbarho Kingdoms, Ujode River, and Ekrerhavwe, all of them Urhobo communities in Ughelli North Local Government Area. In Agbon's west and south lies Aghalokpe and Orerokpe of Okpe Local Government Area.[2] [...] - Isiokolo - Ekrebuo - Kokori - Erhomeghwu - Okuidjerhe - Samagidi - Egbogho - Urhwokpe - Ekraka - Erhonaka - Erhorike - Okpara Inland - Okurutuyo - Okuekpagha - Unumane - Okoradaode - Okurufor - Okururhujevwe - Umiaghwa - Okurihohi - Okuibada - Erhokori - Orhoakpor - Ekrudu - Okukpokpo - Okureghwro - Eku - Igun - Otumara - Okpara W/S - Okorogba - Okurekpo - Okuredafe - Oviorie - Ovu Inland - Okuemeka - Okurekpagha - Okuogbamu - Ovwere - Urhodo - Okumodje - Obadjere - Ekpan - Igwevwore - Okwokpokpo - Ekusioro - Okurobi - Okuronika - Okuighele - Ekirugbo. [...] Further reading [edit]- "Ovie Of Agbon Kingdom, HRM Okpara I, Dead". The Nigerian Voice. 23 September 2012. Retrieved 2014-08-16.
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-07-10): The Okpara River is a river of Benin.[2] Originating in Borgou Department, it flows south and becomes the border between Nigeria and Benin before re-entering Benin and flowing into the Ouémé River, which ultimately drains into the Atlantic Ocean.[3] Several villages along the river are disputed between Benin and Nigeria.[4][5] Report says that the Okpara River heavily contaminated by toxic metals.[6] Okpara River is a stream in Nigeria. It is located at an elevation of 75 meters above sea level. It has coordinates of 7°45'0" N and 2°28'60" E in DMS or 7.75 and 2.48333. The sun rises at 08:45 and sets at 20:52 local time (Africa/Lagos UTC/GMT+1). It is a Stream body of running water moving to a lower level in a channel on land.[7]
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-01): Jump to search river in Benin and Nigeria, tributary of Ouémé River - Okpara river - Okpara [...] - enwiki Okpara River - frrwiki Okpara Struum - frwiki Okpara - hawiki Kogin Okpara - iglwiki Aji Okpara - igwiki Okpara River - uzwiki Okpara daryosi - zhwiki 奥克帕腊河 - commonswiki Category:Okpara river
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-01-01): In Benin, the sustainable management of multipurpose dams is a national issue. In 2008, the dam on the Okpara River, a tributary of the Ouémé River, was in an advanced state of degradation, due to a lack of monitoring and a lack of investment over several years. The government attributed responsibility for financing to the Société Nationale des Eaux du Bénin (SONEB), which indicated that it did not have the required means. According to the experts, the lateral spillway of the dam could fail in the case of heavy rain with very important social, sanitary, economic, and environmental repercussions. There is no other way to supply drinking water to the city of Parakou, the third largest city in Benin, which had about 200,000 inhabitants in 2008 and is experiencing significant population growth. [...] Concerning the Okpara dam, the project management of the rehabilitation works was ensured from 2011 to 2012 by the Territoire de Développement de l’Ouémé Supérieur (TDOS46 - Upper Ouémé Development Territory), with the financial support of the PPEA. A partnership agreement between TDOS and CWP-Benin allowed for the provision of technical assistance. The Local Water Partnership (PLE) of Borgou acted as delegated project manager. In particular, the action enabled the successful implementation of resource protection measures and the operationalisation of a consultation framework on the integrated management of the dam and associated ecosystems. Capacity building for concerted management of stakeholders and the participatory development and management plan for the livestock transit corridor at the sub-basin level continued during the 2nd phase of the PPEA (2013-2015).
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-01): Address: 28 Okpara Avenue, 3rd Floor, Former CCB Building, By P &T Bus Stop, Enugu.
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2013-01-01): IKPOBA SLOPE 162 AKPAKPAVA ROAD,BENIN CITY 07069710941 [...] NO 20 OLOFFA WAY , OFFA . KWARA STATE 08061356041 [...] KM 49, ABEOKUTA LAGOS EXPRESSWAY, JOJU BUS STOP, SANGO OTTA, OGUN STATE 012951008
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2008-07-18): 186 The Development of territorial projects: Some pilot actions were undertaken, including the following: (i) The starting in 2006 of the first territorial projects by the territories of the Lower Valley of Ouémé and le Pays Gun with the support of the DAT, PDM and SNV, (ii) the preparation of a draft FSP (French Cooperation) decentralization and land planning to support the territory of the Niger valley to establish, develop and implement a project for the territory, and (iii) the starting of the process of preparation of draft territory projects for the Pays de l’Okpara and MEKROU.
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-22): The down Ouémé valley is a very interesting river corridor in the port and interior hinterland relationship. The river benefits from the contributions of other water courses which allow it to have permanent water in its basin. These contributions come from the Zou River in the West which has its source in North Togo and joins the Ouémé in the locality of Gangban, commune of Bonou. At the same time, it benefits from the waters of the Okpara River in the East which, along the Beninese borders for 156km from the North-East of Parakou, swells the Ouémé at Okpa hamlet in the locality of Bétékoukou (commune of Dassa- Zoume). [...] However, the challenges linked to the realization of the planned development plans, the professionalization of river transport players, the financial support and adequate training of traditional fisheries, the strengthening of the capacities of artisan builders for the modernization of navigation equipment manufacturing units. The water bodies of Southern Benin are just waiting for large-scale investments to better contribute to the economic growth of the country. The biggest prospect is to provide it with territorial river ports which will offer opportunities to river-lagoon transport companies, people carriers and hinterland customers, the use of a new lagoon space for the exchange of goods from or to the port of Cotonou at competitive costs.
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1998-07-20): Ouémé River, river rising in the Atacora massif in northwestern Benin. It is approximately 310 miles (500 km) in length and flows southward, where it is joined by its main affluent, the Okpara, on the left bank and by the Zou on the right. It then divides into two branches, the western one discharging into Lake Nokoué in the Niger Delta near Cotonou and the eastern into the Porto-Novo Lagoon. Rain forests grow along the shores; navigation, although impeded by rapids, is possible during the rainy season. The river’s fish, including freshwater and processed, is exported to Nigeria and Togo. Millet, sweet potatoes, and yams are cultivated, and the Ouémé Valley development scheme has been undertaken to improve agriculture.
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-05): Agbon people have a long migrational history, their various traditions and accounts of origins and migrations subsist. According to one of the accounts, a man called Ukonorhoro, who migrated from Udo in Benin, gave birth to Agbon. Agbon migrated through Kwale, probably from Erhowa, settled at Ehwen and Erhivwi or Irri in present Isoko division of Delta State. From there he moved down to Utokori, close to Ughwerun; then to Olomu and through the present Ughelli territory of Ekuigbo to found Otorho r' Agbon now known as Isiokolo. The Okpara people further migrated from Agbon to their present position due to local instinct and avoidance of competition. On arrival on this new land via migration, Okpara also birthed few sons which would become sub-sections of the present community. They include: Eregbe, Erhi, and Etorogba. Erhi, in turn, gave birth to Osia, Isaba Uvwiaghoa, Onoriaro and Okei among others. Okpara was already dead at the time of migration from Isiokolo. Thus Osia and others led Okparas to a new settlement. Osia planted an Oghriki tree near the present site of Okpara hospital on reaching Okpara.
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-11-21): Parakou is located in the centre of Borgou Province. The climate is South Sudanian. It is characterized by a rainy season (May to October) and a dry season (November-April). The lowest temperatures are recorded between December and January. The average annual rainfall is 1,200 mm. Parakou is watered by tributaries of the Okpara. These rivers remain dry from January to May. The main vegetation is savannah. The selected areas were:
Claim: Okpara River is a territory of Benin (Okpara River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-01): Benin has several rivers, the most important is the Pendjari river in the northwest (380 km), Couffo to the southeast (170 km), Ouémé to the center and south (150 km), Niger to the north and to the northeast and finally, the Mono to the west (100 km). Some of these rivers have important affluents. It is Niger with Mekrou (410 km), Alibori (338) and Sota (250 km) and Ouémé with Zou (150 km). [...] Okpara: more than 10 000 km2 for a length of 362 km. [...] Moreover, the Beninese territory has in the littoral zone, an important lacustrine and lagoon network of approximately 270 km2. The main lakes and lagoons, from west to east, Lake Toho, Lake Togbadji, Lake Ahémé (78 km2), Lake Nokoué (135 km2) and the lagoon of Porto-Novo. Further north of this range are very small dam lakes in the Ouémé and Mono plains. These different morpho-climatic and fluvial elements contribute to the formation of exploitable soils for agriculture.
Claim: Orange River is a territory of South Africa (Orange River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-08): The Orange River (from Afrikaans/Dutch: Oranjerivier) is a river in Southern Africa. It is the longest river in South Africa. With a total length of 2,432 km (1,511 mi), the Orange River Basin extends from Lesotho into South Africa and Namibia to the north. It rises in the Drakensberg mountains in Lesotho, flowing westwards through South Africa to the Atlantic Ocean. The river forms part of the international borders between South Africa and Lesotho and between South Africa and Namibia, as well as several provincial borders within South Africa. Except for Upington, it does not pass through any major cities. The Orange River plays an important role in the South African economy by providing water for irrigation and hydroelectric power. The river was named the Orange River in honour of the Dutch ruling family, the House of Orange, by the Dutch explorer Robert Jacob Gordon. [...] - Map of portion of Orange River basin forming part of South Africa - "Seeing Orange in the Kalahari", article and astronaut photo at NASA Earth Observatory, July 18, 2021 - Information on the Orange River from the South African Department of Water Affairs and Forestry - Rivers of Lesotho - Orange River - Geography of ǁKaras Region - Internal borders of South Africa - International rivers of Africa - Karoo - Lesotho–South Africa border - Namibia–South Africa border - Ramsar sites in Namibia - Ramsar sites in South Africa - Rivers of Namibia - Rivers of the Eastern Cape - Rivers of the Free State (province)
Claim: Orange River is a territory of South Africa (Orange River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-06-12): The Orange River is the largest river in South Africa, flowing through three countries – Lesotho, South Africa, and Namibia. It is about 2,200 km long and is an important source of drinking water, as well as being used to irrigate agricultural land. The river begins in Lesotho, then flows through South Africa and Namibia where it empties into the Atlantic Ocean. [...] The Orange River, also known as the Gariep, Groot and Senqu, is the longest river in South Africa. [...] The Orange River is home to Gariep, the largest dam and reservoir of the same name in South Africa, and Vanderkloof, the second largest dam. Below these two structures, the current becomes calmer, the river flows through the plain and is mostly disassembled for irrigation.
Claim: Orange River is a territory of South Africa (Orange River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-26): The South African central plateau contains only two major rivers: the Limpopo (a stretch of which is shared with Zimbabwe), and the Orange (with its tributary, the Vaal) which runs with a variable flow across the central landscape from east to west, emptying into the Atlantic Ocean at the Namibian border. [...] Some of the more prominent towns in this area are Springbok, being the capital of this region, as well as Kleinzee and Koiingnaas, both private mining towns owned by De Beers Diamond Mines. This area is rich in alluvial diamonds, deposited along the coast by the Orange River. Oranjemund is another mining town along this coast, situated in Namibia, but very much on the border. As the name suggests, it is at the mouth of the Orange River which forms the border between South Africa and Namibia. The town of Alexander Bay is located on the opposite side of the river mouth (i.e. in South Africa) and is linked to Oranjemund by the Ernest Oppenheimer Bridge. Other links crossing the river further upstream are a reintroduced pontoon at Sendelingsdrift in the Richtersveld National Park, and road bridges at Vioolsdrif (the main border crossing between the two countries) and at the remote border crossing of Onseepkans. [...] - Westernmost Point: Orange River Mouth (near Alexander Bay), Northern Cape (28°37′50″S 16°27′0″E / 28.63056°S 16.45000°E)
Claim: Orange River is a territory of South Africa (Orange River, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2010-12-09): - CHAPTER XLV CREATION OF THE ORANGE RIVER SOVEREIGNTY - CHAPTER XLVI THE ORANGE RIVER SOVEREIGNTY - CHAPTER XLVII THE ORANGE RIVER SOVEREIGNTY—(continued) [...] CHAPTER XLV - CREATION OF THE ORANGE RIVER SOVEREIGNTY