copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2021-12-14): Campaigners have been gathering outside schools, handing out what they claim are legal documents or "notices of liability" to head teachers, warning them not to vaccinate children. [...] This was determined by doctors who examined the patient and had access to their medical records and test results. [...] These campaigns appear to be having a wide reach, with protests at schools across the UK.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2021-07-20): Skip to main content [...] Follow us on Facebook [...] Author & Researcher services
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2023-08-10): One example is this video in which entrepreneur Steve Kirsch—who has repeatedly made false claims about vaccines—claimed that vaccines harm children and "are causing chronic disease in America", and that "The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier". He added, "It’s not just the COVID vaccines; it’s every single one of them". [...] Kirsch’s first reference is a study by bioinformatician James Lyons-Weiler and pediatrician Paul Thomas supposedly showing that fully unvaccinated children are healthier than vaccinated children. The study was published in the International Journal of Environmental Research in November 2020. However, it was retracted by the journal in July 2021 because "the conclusions were not supported by strong scientific data". [...] Kirsch’s claim that vaccination leads to chronic diseases is also unsubstantiated and contradicted by scientific evidence, as Health Feedback explained in earlier reviews. Robust studies found no association between vaccines or their ingredients with poorer health or with conditions such as asthma, infections, autoimmune diseases, cognitive delay, autism spectrum disorder, and attention deficit/hyperactive disorder, among others[6-12].
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2024-02-07): Most vaccines contain either a dead or weakened germ (or parts of it) that causes a particular disease. Some help the body to make a protein that looks like it came from a germ. [...] It is true that a single child's chance of catching a disease is low if everyone else is fully vaccinated. But your child is also exposed to people other than those at school. And if one person thinks about skipping vaccines, chances are that others are thinking the same thing. Each child who isn't vaccinated gives highly contagious diseases another chance to spread. [...] Vaccines are intended to help keep healthy kids healthy. Because vaccines work by protecting the body before disease strikes, if you wait until your child gets sick, it will be too late for the vaccine to work. The best time to vaccinate kids is when they're healthy.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2017-09-13): Persons with chronic diseases [...] Chronic renal disease and patients on dialysis [...] Refer to Immunization of Persons with Chronic Diseases in Part 3 for additional general information about vaccination of people with chronic diseases.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2024-06-01): By Mayo Clinic Staff [...] Herd immunity for illnesses such as measles and polio happens when you and the people around you get vaccinated. [...] If you have a chronic medical condition and may have a higher risk of serious illness, check with your healthcare professional about other ways to protect yourself.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2021-03-17): It might seem like a lot to see your baby getting four or five shots at once. But keep in mind that scientists study these vaccines thoroughly. They are given at what scientific research has found to be the best times to protect kids from serious diseases. These illnesses can cause serious complications, like heart disease, hearing loss, and liver damage. They can even lead to death. [...] Is it OK to delay vaccines? [...] Babies are the most likely age group to be hospitalized or die from the diseases these vaccines protect them from. This is why it's important to vaccinate your child as soon as possible. If you delay or skip vaccines, your child won't be protected from these serious illnesses when they're the most vulnerable.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2024-09-26): Call your local pharmacy or check its website for vaccine availability and online scheduling. You can also: [...] Federal officials recommend that almost everyone get one of the newest vaccinations. [...] The Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are a type called a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine. Novavax’s is a protein-based (or protein-subunit) vaccine. All these vaccines teach the body how to fight the virus that causes COVID-19 without you actually having to get the illness. None of the vaccines causes the illness — there is no live virus in any of the vaccines.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2020-09-14): Stay Healthy and Safe [...] Follow these tips to protect yourself: [...] - LOOK RIGHT for approaching traffic.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2024-03-09): As a summer marked by yet another COVID-19 surge draws to a close, newly updated COVID vaccines are becoming available for the fall and winter months, a time of year when respiratory illnesses can overwhelm hospitals. The new shots are expected to provide protection against severe illness, hospitalization, and death related to COVID. [...] The new vaccines come at a time when a collection of closely related SARS-CoV-2 strains are circulating in the United States. All of them are descendants of the Omicron strain. JN.1 was the dominant strain in May but was surpassed in June by a collection of other Omicron virus strains, including KP.2. (By late August, KP.2 and JN.1 only accounted for a minimal number of cases, but all three of the new vaccines are expected to protect against new related variants.) [...] If you had COVID recently, the CDC advises waiting three months after you recover before getting another shot.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2024-08-08): Chronic heart disease, including congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathies, excluding hypertension Chronic lung disease, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, and asthma [...] Chronic renal failure or nephrotic syndrome
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2024-07-22): Printer friendly version [26 pages] [...] All non-live vaccines can be administered safely to persons with altered immunocompetence, whether the vaccine is a killed whole-organism or a recombinant, subunit, split-virus, toxoid, polysaccharide, or polysaccharide protein-conjugate vaccine. [...] Severe complications have followed vaccination with certain live, attenuated viral and live, attenuated bacterial vaccines among persons with altered immunocompetence (18-26). Persons with most forms of altered immunocompetence should not receive live vaccines (MMR, varicella, MMRV, LAIV, yellow fever, Ty21a oral typhoid, BCG, smallpox, and rotavirus). However, exceptions exist, and are discussed in this section.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2024-09-10): Some parents are concerned their teen will develop myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle). This is very rare. Viral infections like COVID-19 and the flu cause myocarditis much more often than vaccines do. This is why healthcare providers emphasize that the benefits of vaccination outweigh any possible risks. [...] Call your pediatrician if: Call your local emergency number or take your child to the ER if they:
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2024-09-27): Who should and shouldn't get vaccinated [...] Talk to a vaccine provider about your vaccination history and a specific vaccine's ingredients. There may be times when someone shouldn't get a Hib vaccine, like if they: [...] Vaccines for Children program
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2023-05-15): An official website of the United States government Here’s how you know Official websites use .gov
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2024-08-15): Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccines [...] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) develops recommendations regarding all vaccination in the United States, including HPV vaccination. The current ACIP recommendations for HPV vaccination are (5): [...] The vaccines do not prevent other sexually transmitted diseases, nor do they treat existing HPV infections or HPV-caused disease.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2022-05-11): Review your family's vaccination records with your provider, especially before your children start day care, school or college and before international travel outside of the U.S. From Mayo Clinic to your inbox [...] People who aren't vaccinated — siblings, for example — should also stay away from the infected person.
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2020-09-14): Stay Healthy and Safe [...] Follow these tips to protect yourself: [...] HideFollow these tips to avoid getting sick or spreading illness to others while traveling:
Claim: “All these vaccines are causing harm to our kids”; “The fully unvaccinated kids are always healthier”; “vaccines are causing chronic disease in America” (Steve Kirsch, 2023-06-09)
Evidence (2023-03-28): Childhood vaccines protect kids from serious diseases and complications. Vaccines also lower the chance of spreading a disease. [...] The risk of a vaccine causing serious harm or death is very small. The benefits of getting a vaccine are much greater than the possible side effects for almost all children. [...] - Drutz J, et al. Autism spectrum disorder and chronic disease: No evidence for vaccines or thimerosal as a contributing factor. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Feb. 27, 2023.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2024-05-23): Home pregnancy test kits detect pregnancy by picking up on the presence of a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in urine. Pregnancy can also be detected at the clinic using a blood test for hCG. The claim that pregnancy can be confirmed by the way salt reacts to urine appears to borrow elements from how home pregnancy test kits work. However, there’s no known mechanism by which salt reacts to the presence of hCG, and thus it isn’t a reliable method for confirming pregnancy.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2024-01-19): The salt pregnancy test is a DIY pregnancy test that involves mixing salt and urine to determine if you’re pregnant. Proponents of the test claim that if you’re pregnant, the salt will react with a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which is present in your urine after an embryo implants in your uterus. However, it’s important to note that there is no scientific evidence supporting this claim. [...] There is no scientific explanation for how the salt pregnancy test works. Proponents of the test claim that if you’re pregnant, the salt will react with a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which enters your bloodstream and urine after an embryo implants in your uterus. However, there is no scientific evidence to support this claim. The salt pregnancy test is not believed to be fully accurate. [...] Similar to the Salt Pregnancy Test, this DIY test involves mixing urine with bleach and observing the reaction for supposed signs of pregnancy.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2024-02-24): Supporters of the test argue that hCG interacts with salt to produce an altered or clotted texture. Nevertheless, there is a lack of scientific research to clarify the mechanism through which salt and hCG would trigger a response. [...] A salt pregnancy test done at home, where salt is thought to react with hCG in urine to create a different texture, maybe a cost-effective way to detect pregnancy; nonetheless, there is no scientific proof to back it up. [...] - This test entails pouring urine over salt, as proponents theorize that the presence of hCG in urine will result in a curdled reaction with the salt, indicating a positive pregnancy result.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2024-09-30): The salt test for pregnancy is not accurate or reliable, like any other DIY test for pregnancy. It has no evidence from studies or medical organizations, nor does any medical expert vouch for its accuracy. [...] A home-based salt pregnancy test, in which the salt is believed to mix with hCG in urine to produce an altered or curdled texture, could be an inexpensive approach to identify pregnancy; however, there is no scientific evidence to support it. While the test can be done for fun, as the test only requires two teaspoons of common table salt, a morning urine sample, and a small cup, the results should not be trusted. Instead, purchase a home pregnancy test kit and confirm your pregnancy with your doctor. [...] - The test involves pouring the urine over the salt. Proponents believe that the hCG in urine combines with the salt to give a curdled product, confirming pregnancy.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2020-01-23): This is a simple guide on how you can test for pregnancy using salt and urine. Most ladies will agree with me that going to the hospital or visiting a doctor to test for pregnancy may quite be a difficult thing to do, this is due to curiosity and nervousness. It is a matter that requires absolute privacy and courage. Well, you don’t need to bother yourself visiting a clinic to perform such tests. There is one simple home test that you can perform using just salt and urine. It is a quick and affordable method of testing for pregnancy. [...] Here is a simple guide on how you can perform a pregnancy test using just salt and urine. [...] - Add a small quantity of salt to the sample of urine - Stir the urine sample to dissolve the salt - Leave the solution intact for some time( about five minutes) and observe the changes.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2023-11-15): Some examples of DIY pregnancy tests include the salt test and the sugar test. If someone were to attempt either of these, they would need a method for measuring out their urine as well as salt or sugar. For the salt test, it’s recommended to mix equal parts urine and salt. If the salt clumps together, that indicates a positive result; if the salt does not clump, the result is negative. [2] To try out the sugar test, it’s recommended that someone mix equal parts urine and sugar. If the sugar has dissolved after a few minutes, this indicates a negative result. If the sugar clumps, it is considered a positive result. [2] So far there is no scientific evidence to support either of these tests, meaning you should not rely on the results of this experiment to confirm or deny a pregnancy. [2] [...] Most of the reactions people may notice when attempting a DIY pregnancy test can be chalked up to their urine interacting with whatever product they’ve mixed it with. Urine tends to be slightly acidic, with a pH of 6.0 to 7.5. [6] It’s normal and expected to see some sort of reaction when mixing something that is more basic or neutral, like baking soda, toothpaste, or salt, with something acidic. [7-9]
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2024-02-26): The theory behind the salt test is that when a pregnant woman’s urine is mixed with salt, it will clump and appear to be "milky" or "cheesy" in texture. This is believed to be due to hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy. While the salt test is not scientifically proven or endorsed by medical professionals, many women have claimed that it accurately detected their pregnancies. [...] Using salt as a homemade pregnancy test is a popular alternative method for detecting pregnancy at home. This method is based on the reaction between salt and the hormone hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), which is only present in a woman’s urine during pregnancy. [...] One possible substitute for salt in the pregnancy test is baking soda. Baking soda, also known as sodium bicarbonate, can react with the acidic content in urine to produce a bubbling effect. Although this reaction may not be as conclusive as a positive or negative result, it can indicate a potential pregnancy.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2023-09-20): Urine tests or home pregnancy tests are around 97% accurate when done correctly. Home pregnancy tests are great to use because they can be done at home, they are usually low in cost (anywhere from $7.99 to $19.99), private, they give a fast result, and are easy to use.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2024-02-25): The salt pregnancy test involves mixing urine with salt and observing the resulting reaction. Proponents of this method claim that if the mixture forms a milk-like substance, it indicates a positive pregnancy result. However, these claims are not supported by scientific evidence or medical professionals. [...] On the other hand, salt pregnancy tests rely on a chemical reaction between urine and salt. However, this reaction can be influenced by various factors, such as the concentration of salt, temperature, and impurities in the urine, which can lead to false positive or false negative results. [...] The salt pregnancy test is based on the principle that pregnancy hormones can cause certain reactions when combined with salt. The test involves collecting a urine sample and adding a small amount of salt to it. The reaction between the salt and the hormones in the urine is observed for any changes in color or formation of clumps.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2019-09-30): Check out any TTC online discussion on the salt pregnancy test, and you’ll likely see many posted pictures of salty pee in clear cups with questions like, "Is this positive?" That’s because no one seems exactly sure what they’re looking for and how to distinguish a positive from a negative. [...] According to various sources, a positive salt pregnancy test will be "milky" or "cheesy" in appearance. The claim is that salt reacts with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone that’s present in the urine (and blood) of pregnant women. [...] The salt pregnancy test is best done as an all-in-good-fun experiment. It has no medical backing, scientific basis, or physician endorsement. There’s no reason to believe salt reacts with hCG. There are no published studies supporting this idea or the test in general.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2024-02-25): The salt pregnancy test is a simple, DIY method for determining if you are pregnant. It involves mixing your urine with salt to create a solution. The idea behind this test is that when you are pregnant, the hCG hormone (human chorionic gonadotropin) is present in your urine and reacts with the salt to produce a reaction. [...] The salt pregnancy test involves mixing urine with salt and observing the reaction. It is believed that if the mixture forms a milky or cheesy texture, it indicates a positive result for pregnancy. However, this method is not reliable and should not be used as a substitute for a medical pregnancy test. [...] In a salt solution pregnancy test, a woman mixes her urine with salt to create a solution. The reaction between the urine and salt is said to change if the woman is pregnant. If the mixture clumps or forms a cheese-like substance, it is believed to indicate a positive result.
Claim: The way urine reacts to salt is a test for pregnancy (Social media users, 2024-05-23)
Evidence (2024-01-23): The salt method, also known as the salt pregnancy test, is a popular DIY method for checking if you are pregnant. It is a simple and inexpensive method that supposedly relies on the reaction between urine and salt to determine pregnancy. While this method may seem intriguing, it is important to note that it is not scientifically proven or reliable as a pregnancy test. [...] However, it is crucial to understand that the salt method lacks scientific evidence and is not recognized as a legitimate pregnancy test. The reaction between salt and urine is influenced by various factors such as the concentration of salt, temperature, impurities in the urine, and individual variations. Therefore, the results of this method can be highly subjective and unreliable. [...] The salt method is a DIY pregnancy test that involves mixing urine with salt to observe a reaction. While this method may seem simple and cost-effective, it is important to understand the potential risks and limitations before relying on it as a reliable form of pregnancy testing.