copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-04): Hong Kong was established as a special administrative region of China (SAR) for 27 years, maintaining its own economic and governing systems from those of mainland China during this time, although influence from the central government in Beijing increased after the passing of the Hong Kong national security law in 2020.[1] [...] In the Joint Declaration, the People's Republic of China Government stated that it had decided to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong (including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, and the New Territories) with effect from 1 July 1997 and the United Kingdom Government declared that it would restore Hong Kong to the PRC with effect from 1 July 1997. In the document, the People's Republic of China Government also declared its basic policies regarding Hong Kong.[48] [...] - ^ "The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China". www.fmprc.gov.cn. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-05): Hong Kong is one of Asia's busiest hotspots. Not only is it an international financial hub, business center, shopping paradise, and tourist destination, but it is also a special administrative region (SAR) of China. As such, Hong Kong is an inalienable part of China and, at times, has resisted Beijing's interference in its political life. [...] Key Takeaways - Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region controlled by the People's Republic of China and enjoys limited autonomy. [...] Britain negotiated a 99-year lease with China on its Hong Kong colony in 1898. That lease ended in 1997 when Britain returned Hong Kong to China. It then became the Hong Kong SAR of the People's Republic of China.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-27): At present, there are two SARs established by the Constitution: Hong Kong and Macau. These former British and Portuguese territories were transferred to China in 1997 and 1999, following the Sino-British and Sino-Portuguese Joint Declarations signed in 1984 and 1987, respectively.[8] Pursuant to their Joint Declarations, which are binding inter-state treaties registered with the United Nations, and their Basic laws, the Chinese SARs "shall enjoy a high degree of autonomy".[9] Generally, the two SARs are not considered to constitute a part of mainland China, by both SAR and mainland Chinese authorities. [...] See also [edit]- Autonomous regions of China - Constitution of the People's Republic of China - Federacy - History of Hong Kong - British Hong Kong (1841-1997) [...] - ^ Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国行政区划; Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Xíngzhèng Qūhuà), 15 June 2005, archived from the original on 23 July 2010, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Chapter II: Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Article 12, archived from the original on 29 July 2010, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Chapter II Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Macau Special Administrative Region, Article 12, archived from the original on 5 February 2012, retrieved 5 June 2010 - ^ Lauterpacht, Elihu. Greenwood, C. J. [1999] (1999). International Law Reports Volume 114 of International Law Reports Set Complete set. Cambridge University Press, 1999. ISBN 0521642442, 9780521642446. p 394.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Hong Kong, special administrative region (Pinyin: tebie xingzhengqu; Wade-Giles romanization: t’e-pieh hsing-cheng-ch’ü) of China, located to the east of the Pearl River (Zhu Jiang) estuary on the south coast of China. The region is bordered by Guangdong province to the north and the South China Sea to the east, south, and west. It consists of Hong Kong Island, originally ceded by China to Great Britain in 1842, the southern part of the Kowloon Peninsula and Stonecutters (Ngong Shuen) Island (now joined to the mainland), ceded in 1860, and the New Territories, which include the mainland area lying largely to the north, together with 230 large and small offshore islands—all of which were leased from China for 99 years from 1898 to 1997. The Chinese-British joint declaration signed on December 19, 1984, paved the way for the entire territory to be returned to China, which occurred July 1, 1997.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-10-05): The UK seized Hong Kong in 1841, and China formally ceded it the following year at the end of the First Opium War. The Kowloon Peninsula was added in 1860 at the end of the Second Opium War, and the UK obtained a 99-year lease of the New Territories in 1898. Pursuant to a UK-China agreement in 1984, Hong Kong became the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) of the People's Republic of China as of 1 July 1997. In this agreement, China promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic and strict political system would not be imposed on Hong Kong and that Hong Kong would enjoy a "high degree of autonomy" in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-09-04): The former British colony became a special administrative region of China in 1997, when Britain's 99-year lease of the New Territories, north of Hong Kong island, expired. Hong Kong is governed under the principle of "one country, two systems", under which China has agreed to give the region a high degree of autonomy and to preserve its economic and social systems for 50 years from the date of the handover. [...] HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA: FACTS
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-21): Destinations Asia Hong Kong Essentials What Country is Hong Kong Actually In? By Rory Boland Rory Boland Rory Boland is a guidebook author and travel writer who has lived and worked in Hong Kong and London. Travel's editorial guidelines Updated on August 21, 2024 Fact checked by Patrice Williams Fact checked by Patrice Williams Patrice J. Williams is a travel and style content creator, fact-checker and author of the thrift shopping book Looking Fly on a Dime. learn more Photo: Yongyuan Dai / Getty Images What country is Hong Kong actually in— is it in China or not? Since Hong Kong seems like a world away, it’s a fair question to ask. However, the answer isn't quite as simple as you might imagine—or as any commentators might like! Hong Kong exists as a Special Administrative Region controlled by The People's Republic of China and enjoys its own limited autonomy as defined by the Basic Law. The principle of "one country, two systems" allows for the coexistence of socialism and capitalism under "one country," which is mainland China. Hong Kong retains its own money, passport and immigration channels, and legal system, but the chain of command leads straight back to Beijing.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): No, Hong Kong is not a country. Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China. Hong Kong’s status as a special administrative region stems from its history as a former British colony. By way of treaty or lease with China, the islands and mainland area now known as Hong Kong came under the control of Great Britain at various points in the 19th century. From that time until its transfer back to China in the late 20th century, Hong Kong developed on a different trajectory, both politically and economically, than mainland China—which, in contrast to Hong Kong’s status as a British colony, began that period with its imperial dynasty in decline and ended it as a republic under communist rule. Spurred by the pending expiration of a 99-year lease (1898–1997) for part of the territory, the 1984 Chinese-British joint declaration paved the way for all of Hong Kong to be returned to China. The handover occurred on July 1, 1997, at which point the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region took effect. The Basic Law outlined the concept of "one country, two systems," under which Hong Kong, though now part of China, was allowed to maintain its capitalist economy and to retain a large degree of political autonomy (except in matters of foreign policy and defense) for a period of 50 years.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-07-01): While Hong Kong is part of China, the policy has given the Special Administrative Region (SAR) a high degree of autonomy. [...] It was created from an agreement between Britain and China and came into effect on 1 July 1997, the day Hong Kong returned to China. [...] Hong Kong is ruled by a chief executive with support from a formal body of advisers called the Executive Council.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-02-24): Hong Kong occupies a total area of 1,108 sq. km in the eastern Pearl River Delta of the South China Sea. As seen on the physical map of Hong Kong, it also has several offshore islands including Lantau Island (the largest one), Hong Kong Island, Lamma Island, Cheung Island, Po Toi Island, and others. [...] Hong Kong (officially, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China) is divided into 18 districts. These districts are: Islands, Kwai Tsing, North, Sai Kung, Sha Tin, Tai Po, Tsuen Wan, Tuen Mun, Yuen Long, Kowloon city, Kwun Tong, Sham Shui Po, Wong Tai Sin, Yau Tsim Mong, Central and Western, Eastern, Southern and Wan Chai. [...] Hong Kong is a region in Eastern Asia. It is located on the east of the Pearl River Estuary on south coast of China. It is situated both in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres of the earth. The region is bordered by Guangdong province of China in the north and by South China sea in the east, south and west.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-09-04): Humanities › Geography › Country Information › 10 Facts About Hong Kong Print Reunification Monument in Expo Promenade near Hong Kong Convention Center. ThoughtCo / Linda Garrison Geography Country Information Basics Physical Geography Political Geography Population Key Figures & Milestones Maps Urban Geography By Amanda Briney Amanda Briney Geography Expert M.A., Geography, California State University - East Bay B.A., English and Geography, California State University - Sacramento Amanda Briney, M.A., is a professional geographer. She holds a Certificate of Advanced Study in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) from California State University. Learn about our Editorial Process Updated on September 04, 2019 Located along the southern coast of China, Hong Kong is one of the two special administrative regions in China. As a special administrative region, the former British territory of Hong Kong is a part of China but gets a high level of autonomy and does not have to follow certain laws that Chinese provinces do. Hong Kong is known for its quality of life and high ranking on the Human Development Index.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-07): Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China. According to the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration and the Basic Law of the Special Administrative Region, except in matters of defense and foreign affairs, Hong Kong would have a high degree of autonomy. In 2022, China continued to dismantle Hong Kong’s political freedoms and autonomy in violation of these commitments. Amendments to the Basic Law in 2021 fundamentally changed the electoral system to effectively allow Beijing to block participation by political groups of which Beijing disapproved. On May 8, 2022, Hong Kong’s Election Committee selected John Lee, former secretary for security, as the city’s next chief executive. Lee, the sole candidate permitted by Beijing, secured more than 99 percent of the votes in the 1,500-member selection committee, whose members were in turn vetted by the government. Critics termed the election a violation of democratic principles and political pluralism and a major step away from the Basic Law’s stated aim of universal suffrage.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Hong Kong[e] is a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China. With 7.4 million residents of various nationalities[f] in a 1,104-square-kilometre (426 sq mi) territory, Hong Kong is the fourth most densely populated region in the world. [...] Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China, with executive, legislative, and judicial powers devolved from the national government.[91] The Sino-British Joint Declaration provided for economic and administrative continuity through the handover,[68] resulting in an executive-led governing system largely inherited from the territory's history as a British colony.[92] Under these terms and the "one country, two systems" principle, the Basic Law of Hong Kong is the regional constitution.[93] The regional government is composed of three branches:
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2004-02-01): USTR's Office of China, Mongolia and Taiwan Affairs is responsible for managing the formulation and implementation of U.S. trade policy for the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Macao, Mongolia and Taiwan, with the goal of increasing access for U.S. products and services in these markets and ensuring that World Trade Organization (WTO) and bilateral commitments are enforced. [...] Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It operates as a separate customs territory. Macau is a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It operates as a separate customs territory.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-01-06): As submitted to the FCC, the PLCN application would have allowed for the highest capacity subsea cable connection between the United States and Asia and been the first direct connection between the United States and Hong Kong. This raised national security concerns, because a significant investor in the PLCN is Pacific Light Data Co. Ltd., a Hong Kong company and subsidiary of Dr. Peng Telecom & Media Group Co. Ltd. (Dr. Peng Group), the fourth largest provider of telecommunications services in the PRC. [...] PLCN’s high capacity and low latency would encourage U.S. communications traffic crossing the Pacific to detour through Hong Kong before reaching intended destinations in other parts of the Asia Pacific region. The Committee’s recommendation specified that it was not in U.S. national security or law enforcement interests to approve subsea cables landing in PRC territory when the PRC government has previously demonstrated the intent to acquire U.S. persons’ data. The recommendation also explained that PLCN’s proposed Hong Kong landing station would expose U.S. communications traffic to collection by the PRC. Such concerns have been heightened by the PRC government’s recent actions to remove Hong Kong’s autonomy and allow for the possibility that PRC intelligence and security services will operate openly in Hong Kong. The Committee also noted that PLCN’s proposed Hong Kong connection was only one of several pending applications seeking direct connections between the United States and Hong Kong, which would raise similar concerns.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-07-14): I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States of America, determine, pursuant to section 202 of the United States-Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992, that the Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong (Hong Kong) is no longer sufficiently autonomous to justify differential treatment in relation to the People’s Republic of China (PRC or China) under the particular United States laws and provisions thereof set out in this order. In late May 2020, the National People’s Congress of China announced its intention to unilaterally and arbitrarily impose national security legislation on Hong Kong. This announcement was merely China’s latest salvo in a series of actions that have increasingly denied autonomy and freedoms that China promised to the people of Hong Kong under the 1984 Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the People’s Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong (Joint Declaration). [...] (i) to be or have been involved, directly or indirectly, in the coercing, arresting, detaining, or imprisoning of individuals under the authority of, or to be or have been responsible for or involved in developing, adopting, or implementing, the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Administrative Region;
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-11-01): Secular trends in all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates in people with diabetes in Hong Kong, 2001-2016: a retrospective cohort study Aims/hypothesis: The aim of the study was to describe trends in all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates in Hong Kong Chinese people with diabetes from 2001 to 2016. Methods: The Hong Kong Diabetes Surveillance Database (HKDSD) is a territory-wide diabetes cohort identified from the Hong Kong Hospital Authority electronic medical record system. Deaths between 2001 and 2016 were identified from linkage to the Hong Kong Death Registry. We used Joinpoint regression analysis to describe mortality patterns among people with diabetes by age and sex, and standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) to compare all-cause mortality rates in people with and without diabetes.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-09-08): I am also instructed to state that, in accordance with the Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong signed on 19 December 1984, the Government of the United Kingdom will restore Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China with effect from 1 July 1997. The Government of the United Kingdom will continue to have international responsibility for Hong Kong until that date. Therefore, from that date the Government of the United Kingdom will cease to be responsible for the international rights and obligations arising from the application of the Convention to Hong Kong. [...] In accordance with the Joint Declaration of the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on the Question of Hong Kong signed on 19 December 1984 (hereinafter referred to as the `Joint Declaration'), the People's Republic of China will resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from 1 July 1997. Hong Kong will, with effect from that date, become a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China and will enjoy a high degree of autonomy, except in foreign and defence affairs which are the responsibilities of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-03): The last Article IV Executive Board Consultation was on May 15, 2023. Listed below are items related to People's Republic of China - Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-01): (B) The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, beginning on July 1, 1997, will continue to enjoy a high degree of autonomy on all matters other than defense and foreign affairs. [...] "(4) an assessment of the efforts by the Government of the People's Republic of China to use the status of Hong Kong as a separate customs territory to import items into the People's Republic of China from Hong Kong in violation of the export control laws of the United States, whether as part of the Greater Bay Area plan, through the assignment by Beijing of Hong Kong as a national technology and innovation center, or through other programs that may exploit Hong Kong as a conduit for controlled sensitive technology; [...] For purposes of this chapter— (1) the term "Hong Kong" means, prior to July 1, 1997, the British Dependent Territory of Hong Kong, and on and after July 1, 1997, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China;
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Fleeing the Manchurian conquest of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), Ming loyalists under Zheng Cheng-gong, or Koxinga, drive out the Dutch from Taiwan and establish authority over the island. [...] Oct. 25 sees the Battle of Kuningtou on Kinmen, in which the ROC armed forces defeat the CCP on the northwestern coast of the island. [...] Government-authorized representatives from across the Taiwan Strait meet for the first time in Hong Kong, and via subsequent communication and negotiations, arrive at various joint acknowledgements and understandings.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-04): Updated due to new national security legislation in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. [...] Exercise increased caution when traveling to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) due to the arbitrary enforcement of local laws. [...] Summary: Hong Kong SAR authorities have dramatically restricted civil liberties since the Government of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) imposed the Law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong SAR on June 30, 2020. Following the Hong Kong SAR government’s enactment of its own Safeguarding National Security Ordinance on March 23, 2024, Hong Kong SAR authorities are expected to take additional actions to further restrict civil liberties.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-26): - Hong Kong, formerly a British colony - Macau, formerly a Portuguese colony - Territories administered by the Republic of China (ROC), including the island of Taiwan and the Penghu islands in the Taiwan Strait, along with the Kinmen and Matsu islands off the coast of Fujian. [...] Hong Kong and Macau [edit]Hong Kong and Macau are both territories of the PRC. However, due to the One Country, Two Systems policy, the two regions maintain a degree of autonomy, hence they are not governed as part of mainland China. [...] - ^ Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. "Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China Archived 2021-10-21 at the Wayback Machine." Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-03-10.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-05): Hong Kong and Macau [...] Sign up to receive safety and security alerts and other local updates while abroad. [...] He first visited China in 1988 accompanying Secretary of State George Shultz and then President George H.W. Bush in 1989. He subsequently made visits to China with Secretaries Warren Christopher and Madeleine Albright as Spokesperson, including during the handover of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to the PRC in 1997.