copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-08-09): The Ottoman Empire took control of Kosovo in 1389 after defeating Serbian forces. Large numbers of Turks and Albanians moved to the region, and by the end of the 19th century, Albanians had replaced Serbs as the majority ethnic group in Kosovo. Serbia reacquired control of Kosovo during the First Balkan War of 1912, and after World War II, Kosovo became an autonomous province of Serbia in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). Increasing Albanian nationalism in the 1980s led to riots and calls for Kosovo's independence, but in 1989, Belgrade -- which has in turn served as the capital of Serbia and Yugoslavia -- revoked Kosovo's autonomous status. When the SFRY broke up in 1991, Kosovo Albanian leaders organized an independence referendum, and Belgrade's repressive response led to an insurgency. Kosovo remained part of Serbia, which joined with Montenegro to declare a new Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) in 1992. [...] Nationality noun: Kosovan adjective: Kosovan note: Kosovo, a neutral term, is sometimes also used as a noun or adjective as in Kosovo Albanian, Kosovo Serb, Kosovo minority, or Kosovo citizen [...] Country name conventional long form: Republic of Kosovo conventional short form: Kosovo local long form: Republika e Kosoves (Albanian)/ Republika Kosovo (Serbian)
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-04-18): Kosovo is a tiny landlocked country in Southeastern Europe located on the Balkan Peninsula. It strategically lies on the peninsula’s center and is enclosed to the north and east by Serbia, West by Montenegro, Southwest by Albania, and Southeast by North Macedonia. Being a landlocked country, Kosovo has no access to the Mediterranean Sea and can only access the Adriatic Sea through either Montenegro or Albania. The Kosovo-Serbian border stretches for about 380 km along Kosovo’s eastern and northern edges. However, Serbians have, on numerous occasions, claimed North Kosovo since they form the majority, preventing access by Kosovo custom officers and police. [...] Kosovo is a democratic republic, with politics taking place under a parliamentary representation. The government of Kosovo is divided into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The executive branch comprises the president, prime minister, and cabinet. The president serves as the head of state while the prime minister heads the government. Kosovo’s current president is Vjosa Osmani, while Albin Kurti is the prime minister.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-06-28): Kosovo profile - Published [...] REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO: FACTS [...] 1946 - Kosovo is absorbed into the Yugoslav federation.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-08-30): The central Balkans were part of the Roman and Byzantine Empires before ethnic Serbs migrated to the territories of modern Kosovo in the 7th century. During the medieval period, Kosovo became the center of a Serbian Empire and saw the construction of many important Serb religious sites, including many architecturally significant Serbian Orthodox monasteries. The defeat of Serbian forces at the Battle of Kosovo in 1389 led to five centuries of Ottoman rule during which large numbers of Turks and Albanians moved to Kosovo. By the end of the 19th century, Albanians replaced Serbs as the dominant ethnic group in Kosovo. Serbia reacquired control over the region from the Ottoman Empire during the First Balkan War of 1912. After World War II, Kosovo's present-day boundaries were established when Kosovo became an autonomous province of Serbia in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (S.F.R.Y.). Despite legislative concessions, Albanian nationalism increased in the 1980s, which led to riots and calls for Kosovo's independence. The Serbs - many of whom viewed Kosovo as their cultural heartland - instituted a new constitution in 1989 revoking Kosovo's autonomous status. Kosovo's Albanian leaders responded in 1991 by organizing a referendum declaring Kosovo independent. [...] Country name conventional long form: Republic of Kosovo conventional short form: Kosovo local long form: Republika e Kosoves (Republika Kosovo)
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Kosovo , Albanian Kosova, Self-declared independent country in the central Balkans, formerly a province of Serbia. Area: 4,210 sq mi (10,905 sq km). Population: (2024 est.) 1,764,000. Capital: Pristina. Ethnic Albanians make up about nine-tenths of the population, and Serbs account for the bulk of the remainder. Languages: Albanian, Serbian (both official). Religions: Islam (Albanians); also Christianity (Eastern Orthodox [Serbs], Roman Catholic [Albanians]). Currency: euro. Kosovo’s borders are largely mountainous, surrounding high plains and hills in the interior. Kosovo has long been one of the least-developed areas of the Balkans. Major components of the economy include public services, small businesses, agriculture, construction, food and beverage production, metal processing, and mining. Kosovo is a multiparty transitional republic with one legislative body; its head of state is the president, and its head of government is the prime minister. Kosovo was an autonomous province within Yugoslavia until 1989, when Serbia took control of Kosovo’s administration, prompting protests from the region’s Albanian population. An Albanian secessionist rebellion escalated into the Kosovo conflict (1998–99), which culminated in NATO air strikes and the withdrawal of Yugoslav and Serbian forces. The region was administered by the United Nations (UN) beginning in 1999.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-24): Kosovo (/ˈkɒsəvoʊ, ˈkoʊ-/; Albanian: Kosova or Kosovë, pronounced [kɔˈsɔva] or [kɔˈsɔvə]; Serbian Cyrillic: Косово, pronounced [kôsoʋo]), officially the Republic of Kosovo, is a partially recognised country located in Southeastern Europe. Until 2008, Kosovo was a part of Serbia. On 17 February 2008, Kosovo officially declared that it was an independent country. It has since gained diplomatic recognition as a sovereign state by 104 UN member states. [...] Geography [change | change source]Geographically defined in an area of 10,887 km2 (4,203 sq mi), Kosovo is landlocked in the center of the Balkans and bordered by the uncontested territory of Serbia to the north and east, North Macedonia to the southeast, Albania to the southwest and Montenegro to the west. [...] Politics [change | change source]Government [change | change source]Kosovo functions under a parliamentary republic. This means that the leader of the political party with the most seats in the Assembly becomes the Prime Minister (head of government).
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-24): Kosovo's modern history can be traced to the Ottoman Sanjak of Prizren, of which parts were organised into Kosovo Vilayet in 1877. This was when Kosovo was used as the name of the entire territory for the first time. In 1913 the Kosovo Vilayet was incorporated into the Kingdom of Serbia, which in 1918 formed Yugoslavia. Kosovo gained autonomy in 1963 under Josip Broz Tito's direction. This autonomy was significantly extended by Yugoslavia's 1974 Constitution, but was lost in 1990. In 1999 UNMIK stepped in. On 17 February 2008, representatives of the people of Kosovo[1] unilaterally declared Kosovo's independence and subsequently adopted the Constitution of Republic of Kosovo, which came into effect on 15 June 2008. [...] The earliest traces documented in the territory of Kosovo belong to the Stone Age Period, namely there are indications that cave dwellings might have existed like for example the Radivojce Cave set near the spring of the Drin river, then there are some indications at Grnčar Cave in the Viti municipality, Dema and Karamakaz Caves of Peja and others. However, life during the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age is not confirmed yet and not scientifically proven. Therefore, until arguments of Paleolithic and Mesolithic man are confirmed, Neolithic man, respectively the Neolithic sites are considered as the chronological beginning of population in Kosovo. From this period until today Kosovo has been inhabited, and traces of activities of societies from prehistoric, ancient and up to mediaeval time are visible throughout its territory, whereas, in some archaeological sites, multilayer settlements clearly reflect the continuity of life through centuries.[5]
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-06): Kosovo,[a] officially the Republic of Kosovo,[b] is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe with partial diplomatic recognition. It is bordered by Albania to the southwest, Montenegro to the west, Serbia to the north and east and North Macedonia to the southeast. It covers an area of 10,887 km2 (4,203 sq mi) and a population of approximately 1.6 million. Kosovo has a varied terrain, with high plains along with rolling hills and mountains, some of which reach an altitude of over 2,500 m (8,200 ft). Its climate is mainly continental with some Mediterranean and alpine influences.[17] Kosovo's capital and the most populous city is Pristina; other major cities and urban areas include Prizren, Ferizaj, Gjilan and Peja.[18] [...] - ^ "Republic of Kosovo – IMF Staff Visit, Concluding Statement". Imf.org. 24 June 2009. Archived from the original on 29 June 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-05): In 1998 an ethnic Albanian-led secessionist rebellion escalated into an international crisis (see Kosovo conflict), which culminated in 1999 in an air bombardment of Yugoslavia—by then a rump of the former federal state, comprising only Serbia and Montenegro—by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Following the restoration of peace, Kosovo was administered by the UN Interim Administrative Mission in Kosovo. Throughout this period—in the course of which Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro (2003) and then separated into those independent states (2006)—Serbia continued to consider Kosovo part of its territory. Nevertheless, under UN supervision, Kosovo developed the structures of an independent country, and in February 2008 it formally declared independence from Serbia. An EU mission charged with overseeing police, judicial, and customs activities largely replaced the UN presence later that year. Pristina (Albanian: Prishtinë; Serbian: Priština) is the capital and largest city. A landlocked country, Kosovo is bordered by Serbia to the north and east, North Macedonia to the south, Albania to the west, and Montenegro to the northwest. Kosovo, about the same size as Jamaica or Lebanon, is the smallest country in the Balkans.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2008-02-01): The Republic of Kosovo is a secular state and is neutral in matters of religious beliefs. [...] The Republic of Kosovo shall promote and facilitate the safe and dignified return of refugees and internally displaced persons and assist them in recovering their property and possession. [...] The Republic of Kosovo shall adopt adequate measures as may be necessary to promote full and effective equality in all areas of economic, social, political and cultural life, among members of communities and the effective participation of communities and their members in public life and decision making. Such measures shall not be considered to be an act of discrimination.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-04): You are about to visit:
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2004-02-01): At the beginning of the 1990s, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was one of the largest, most developed and diverse countries in the Balkans. It was a non-aligned federation comprised of six republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia. In addition to the six republics, the two separate regions of Kosovo and Vojvodina held the status of autonomous provinces within the Republic of Serbia. Yugoslavia was a mix of ethnic groups and religions, with Orthodox Christianity, Catholicism and Islam being the main religions. [...] The next area of conflict was centered on Kosovo, where the ethnic Albanian community there sought independence from Serbia. In 1998 violence flared as the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) came out in open rebellion against Serbian rule, and police and army reinforcements were sent in to crush the insurgents. In their campaign, the Serb forces heavily targeted civilians, shelling villages and forcing Kosovo Albanians to flee. As the attempt at an internationally-brokered deal to end the crisis failed in early 1999 at the Rambouillet peace talks, NATO carried out a 78-day-long campaign of air strikes against targets in Kosovo and Serbia. In response, Serb forces further intensified the persecution of the Kosovo Albanian civilians. Ultimately, Serbian President Slobodan Milošević agreed to withdraw his troops and police from the province. Some 750,000 Albanian refugees came home and about 100,000 Serbs - roughly half the province's Serb population – fled in fear of reprisals. In June 1999, Serbia agreed to international administration of Kosovo with the final status of the province still unresolved.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-07-01): The evidence suggests that Kosovo has not taken international recognition for granted, nor does it accept that its status is a predetermined condition of structural forces and norms. It has tried to cultivate a strategic approach for seeking recognition based on situational practices, support and guidance from state patrons, the utilization of formal and informal networks of influential personalities, and the invocation of normative discourses. Three years after independence, in 2011, the Government of Kosovo launched the "Strategy for the Achievement of Full International Recognition of the Republic of Kosovo," which aimed at providing momentum for the international recognition campaign (Government of Kosovo 2011, 3). [...] 2011 . "Strategy for the Achievement of Full International Recognition of the Republic of Kosovo." Accessed April 14, 2014. http://www.kryeministri-ks.net/repository/docs/Strategjia_per_Arritjen_e_Njohjes_se_Plote_Nderkombetare_te_Republikes_se_Kosoves_SHQ.pdf. [...] 2013 . "Decision of the Government of the Arab Republic of Egypt Recognize the Republic of Kosovo as an Independent and Sovereign." Cairo, 23 June. Accessed March 29, 2016. http://www.mfa.gov.eg/Arabic/Ministry/News/Pages/NewsDetails.aspx?Source=1d5b0202-c337-4794-ab10-342893d069e1&newsID=17393f2d-a0db-471c-bd41-1c1d169b79c2.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-11-11): We face big challenges to help the world’s poorest people and ensure that everyone sees benefits from economic growth. Data and research help us understand these challenges and set priorities, share knowledge of what works, and measure progress.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-04-19): Kosovo is a parliamentary republic. It declared independence on February 17, 2008, and is recognized as an independent country by more than 100 United Nations members. Kosovo, a potential candidate for European Union (EU) membership, signed a Stabilization Association Agreement with the EU that has been in force since April 2016. The last parliamentary elections were held on February 14, 2021, and the current government was elected on March 22, 2021. Kosovo has experienced steady economic progress since declaring independence, with a nearly 50% increase in per-capita income and a 35% reduction in the poverty rate. The country has successfully transitioned away from a growth model based on high dependence on foreign aid inflows, outperforming peer countries of similar per-capita income thanks to a steady expansion in consumption and investment, with a strong impetus from diaspora inflows, public investment in infrastructure, and financial deepening, amid a stable fiscal stance and an environment of low inflation. Although largely inclusive, Kosovo’s growth has not been sufficient to provide enough formal jobs, particularly for women and youth. To continue to grow, Kosovo needs to unleash productivity gains and create more quality jobs. This will require addressing infrastructure bottlenecks, prioritizing human capital investment, and creating an environment more conducive to private sector development. Further actions are also needed to promote environmental sustainability, including the fulfillment of the EU’s environmental acquis.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1997-01-01): Serbia dissolves the Kosovo assembly. In response ethnic Albanian legislators in the province declare a republic. A secret referendum is held in which the Republic of Kosovo is created. Only Albania's Parliament recognizes this self-declared Republic. [...] In defiance of the Serbian authorities, ethnic Albanians elect writer Ibrahim Rugova as president of the self-proclaimed Republic of Kosova and set up a provincial assembly. Serbia declares the election to be illegal. The Kosovo Albanians begin non-violent resistance to the oppressive rule from Belgrade.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-11-01): Distribution and statistical analysis of major and trace elements in the bee pollen from the territory of Republic of Kosovo - PMID: 36134509 - DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2125738 Distribution and statistical analysis of major and trace elements in the bee pollen from the territory of Republic of Kosovo The objective of this study was the determination of major and trace elements in the bee pollen samples from the whole territory of Republic of Kosovo. Pollen, as a natural plant product, is exposed to different contaminations absorbed by plants from the soil through the root system or with water intake, as well as to pollutants of different origins, including anthropogenic ones, deposited directly on pollen. In total 67 pollen samples were collected in 2019. The samples were analyzed for 27 macro and microelements by using ICP-AES and ICP-MS. The mean content of major elements in bee pollen was 4065, 3455, 1375 and 549 mg/kg for K, P, Ca and Mg, respectively. The range of the contents for some potentially toxic elements was 11.9-139.1, 1.9-16, 0.11-6.25, 0.01-0.329 and 0.001-0.38 mg/kg for Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and As, respectively. Three groups of elements of mixed origin were identified through factor analysis: the first and the third Factors, are mostly of geogenic origin (Ag, Li, Al, Fe, Ca, Sr, K, Mg and P and Co, Ni, Cr, Cu and Mn) and the second Factor association is related to anthropogenic processes (Sb, As, Pb, Tl, Sn and Cd).
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-03-28): Kosovo is still in the phase of economic recovery. It is one of only four countries in Europe that recorded positive economic growth rates in every year of the crisis period 2008-2012, averaging 4.5%. [...] Kosovo's population continues to grow, and therefore there has been an increase in settlement expansion, and land use changes. In 2012, settlements covered 4.7% of Kosovo's territory, compared with 3.7% in 2002. Agricultural lands decreased from 31.3% of Kosovo's territory in 2002 to 27.8% in 2012 (due to the expansion of settlements). Forest lands increased from 42.1% of Kosovo's territory in 2002 to 44.7% in 2012[6]. [...] In 2012, Kosovo announced the creation of its second national park Bjeshkët e Nemura (62.488 hectares), and it also expanded the territory of its first national park, Sharri. These two actions increased the total share of protected areas in Kosovo from 4.4% to 10.9% of national territory (fig.2)[8]. Besides its two national parks, Kosovo has 97 other Nature Protected Areas of various categories.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-08-23): Since Kosovo’s independence in 2008, the United States and over 100 UN-member countries have recognized Kosovo as an independent, sovereign state. The United States continues to support a multiethnic, democratic Kosovo, fully integrated into the international community. This remains a key pillar of U.S. efforts to enhance stability in the Balkan region as part of a Europe that Since Kosovo’s independence in 2008, the United States and over 100 UN-member countries have recognized Kosovo as an independent, sovereign state. The United States continues to support a multiethnic, democratic Kosovo, fully integrated into the international community. This remains a key pillar of U.S. efforts to enhance stability in the Balkan region as part of a Europe that is whole, free, and at peace. U.S. priorities in Kosovo include the comprehensive normalization of Kosovo’s relations with Serbia, centered on mutual recognition, strengthening governance and rule of law, and fostering economic growth and energy security. [...] Bureau of European and Eurasian AffairsKosovo
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-13): The last Article IV Executive Board Consultation was on January 25, 2023. Listed below are items related to Republic of Kosovo.
Claim: Kosovo is a territory of Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-06-26): The Embassy of the Republic of Kosovo to the Kingdom of the Netherlands strongly objects the declaration made by the Embassy of Republic of Serbia on 29-05-2017, a territory with which Republic of Kosovo has not yet established diplomatic relations, to extend the territorial applicability of the Authorities of Serbia to the territory of the Republic of Kosovo. Any legalization of documents in the territory of the Republic of Kosovo by illegal structures of the Government of Serbia or the Government of Serbia itself presents a violation of the sovereignty of the Republic of Kosovo and an attempt to issue falsified documents by such illegal and unauthorized structures, which are considered null and void by the Government of the Republic of Kosovo. At the same time it presents a violation also of the commitments Serbia has taken in the dialogue for the normalization of relations with the Republic of Kosovo under the facilitation of the European Union to dismantle all parallel structures functioning in the territory of the Republic of Kosovo.