copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of India (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-12-08): On August 5, 2019, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) announced the revocation of Articles 370 and 35-A from the country’s constitution. These two connected pieces of legislation grant the state of Jammu and Kashmir—the Indian-controlled portion of the overall Kashmir region—special semi-autonomous status. Scrapping these provisions will have significant implications for Jammu and Kashmir’s Muslim-majority citizenry, grave ramifications for already tense India-Pakistan relations, and could lead to violence in the region. [...] A1: When the subcontinent gained independence from British colonial rule in 1947 and separated into Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan, the status of Kashmir became a point of tension between the two countries, both of whom wanted Kashmir within their freshly drawn borders. The ruling Hindu maharaja of Muslim-majority Kashmir initially declared Kashmir an independent princely state, but upon a threat of Pakistani takeover, eventually acceded to joining India under certain conditions of autonomy granted to the region. [...] The international community has raised concerns about the situation in Kashmir, with UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres urging "maximum restraint" by all parties. Pakistan’s confrontational rhetoric urges action rather than restraint, and Prime Minister Khan vowed to raise India’s actions in Kashmir at the UN General Assembly. Additionally, the government in Islamabad has taken several actions against India: it has expelled the Indian ambassador in Islamabad, downgraded diplomatic relations and severed trade with its neighbor, suspended the cross-border Samjohta Express rail service, and banned the screening of Bollywood movies and broadcasting of Indian channels on cable television.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of India (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-05-09): On 2 November, the Government of India’s Press Information Bureau released two maps that show all of the former (but contested) princely state of Jammu and Kashmir as now comprising two entities: the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the Union Territory of Ladakh. Both belong to India. All people in them are Indians. [...] Except the Indian maps do not show Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan and Chinese-controlled Aksai Chin and Shaksgam. None of these four regions is under India’s actual control. For India, they simply don’t exist. The Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir goes to the Pakistan border to include what would comprise Azad Kashmir; Ladakh extends to include the other three areas. Terms such as "Pakistan-Occupied Kashmir", "China-Occupied Kashmir", or "Line of Control" also don’t appear on the Indian maps. [...] These are not major mistakes or omissions. However, they reflect the fact that Indians are largely ignorant about "integral" parts of their nation outside their control – in this case, the former Frontier Districts Province, much of which now comprises Gilgit-Baltistan. Few Indians have ever written specifically about this area or about Azad Kashmir.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of India (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-04-09): Separately, China has increasingly waded into the volatile region, stepping up its own border dispute with India in the Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh border regions. In 2020, clashes broke out in the Galwan Valley over territory in Ladakh, and another skirmish occurred in 2022 near the countries’ Line of Actual Control (LAC) in Arunachal Pradesh. In April 2023, India pushed back against China’s renaming of thirty places in Arunachal Pradesh, calling the region an "integral" part of India. Other than at its shared disputed borders, China poses a significant threat to India through its collaboration with Pakistan. In recent years, China has increased its military, political, and economic cooperation with Pakistan, namely through China’s joint investment with Pakistan in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Infrastructural projects under CPEC include hydroelectric power stations and fiber-optic cabling along the disputed Kashmir territory. The fighting and intimidation tactics in the region have prompted greater militarization along the disputed borders, as India now fears the prospect of a conflict with China and Pakistan.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of India (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-03): The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict over the Kashmir region, primarily between India and Pakistan, and also between China and India in the northeastern portion of the region.[1][2] The conflict started after the partition of India in 1947 as both India and Pakistan claimed the entirety of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. It is a dispute over the region that escalated into three wars between India and Pakistan and several other armed skirmishes. India controls approximately 55% of the land area of the region that includes Jammu, the Kashmir Valley, most of Ladakh, the Siachen Glacier,[3][4] and 70% of its population; Pakistan controls approximately 30% of the land area that includes Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan; and China controls the remaining 15% of the land area that includes the Aksai Chin region, the mostly uninhabited Trans-Karakoram Tract, and part of the Demchok sector.[3][note 1]
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of India (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-08-05): Kashmir is a Himalayan region that both India and Pakistan say is fully theirs. [...] India and Pakistan subsequently went to war over it and each came to control different parts of the territory with a ceasefire line agreed. [...] The government is also moving to break up the state into two smaller, federally administered territories. One region will combine Muslim-majority Kashmir and Hindu-majority Jammu. The other is Buddhist-majority Ladakh, which is culturally and historically close to Tibet.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of India (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-04): The government of Pakistan restricts the travel of U.S. government personnel working in Pakistan. The U.S. government has limited ability to provide services to U.S. citizens in KP, Balochistan, Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir, and most areas outside of Islamabad, Lahore, and Karachi as U.S. government personnel must obtain special authorization to travel to those locales. The U.S. Embassy and Consulates require U.S. government personnel to use armed escorts and armored vehicles when traveling in certain parts of the country, both for official and personal travel. Additional restrictions on movements can occur suddenly and at any time, depending on local circumstances and security conditions. U.S. government personnel on assignment in Pakistan are prohibited from attending most large gatherings. [...] KP Province, including the former FATA – Level 4: Do Not Travel [...] Do not travel to the India-Pakistan border, including areas along the Line of Control. Militant groups are known to operate in the area. India and Pakistan maintain a strong military presence on both sides of the border. The only official Pakistan-India border crossing point for persons who are not citizens of India or Pakistan is in the province of Punjab between Wagah, Pakistan, and Atari, India. Travelers are advised to confirm the status of the border crossing prior to commencing travel. An Indian visa is required to enter India, and no visa services are available at the border.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of India (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2006-09-20): Azad Kashmir is divided into Muzaffarabad and Mirpur divisions, which are further subdivided into eight administrative districts: Muzaffarabad division comprises Muzaffarabad, Neelum, Bagh, Poonch, and Sudhnutti districts; Mirpur division comprises Mirpur, Kotli, and Bhimber districts. Muzaffarabad city is the territory's capital. [...] Thus, Azad Kashmir remains for all intents and purposes under Pakistan's strict control, exercising no real sovereignty of its own. From the outset, the institutional set up in the territory was designed to ensure Pakistan's control of the area's affairs. According to the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP)[39] resolutions, Azad Kashmir is neither a sovereign state nor a province of Pakistan, but rather a "local authority" with responsibility over the area assigned to it under the ceasefire agreement.[40] The "local authority" or provisional government of Azad Kashmir as established in October 1947 handed over to Pakistan under the Karachi Agreement of April 28, 1949, matters related to defense, foreign affairs, negotiations with the UNCIP and coordination of all affairs relating to Gilgit and Baltistan (strategically important territories that now comprise Pakistan's "Northern Areas" but are claimed by India as part of the state of Jammu and Kashmir). A former president of Azad Kashmir (who preferred not to be named in this report) described the situation as "[g]overnment of Azad Kashmir, by the Pakistanis, for Pakistan."
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-06): Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Urdu: آزاد جموں و کشمیر, romanized: , lit. 'Independent Jammu and Kashmir'; abbr. AJK),[6] officially the State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir[a] and colloquially referred to as simply Azad Kashmir (/ˌɑːzæd kæʃˈmɪər/ AH-zad kash-MEER),[7] is a region administered by Pakistan as a nominally self-governing entity[8] and constituting the western portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947.[1] Azad Kashmir also shares borders with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the south and west, respectively. On its eastern side, Azad Kashmir is separated from the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir (part of Indian-administered Kashmir) by the Line of Control (LoC), which serves as the de facto border between the Indian and Pakistani-controlled parts of Kashmir. Geographically, it covers a total area of 13,297 km2 (5,134 sq mi) and has a total population of 4,045,366 as per the 2017 national census. [...] Azad Kashmir is home to a vibrant civil society. One of the organizations active in the territory and inside Pakistan is YFK-International Kashmir Lobby Group, an NGO that seeks better India-Pakistan relations through conflict resolution in Kashmir. [...] Azad Kashmir – 'Free Kashmir', the more populated and nominally self-governing part of Pakistani-controlled Kashmir - "Territorial limits". Herald. May 7, 2015. Archived from the original on July 25, 2015. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2011-01-28): Azad Kashmir region administered by Pakistan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia region administered by Pakistan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Azad Jammu and Kashmir, (Urdu: آزاد جموں و کشمیر پاکستان) also just called Azad Kashmir is a self-governing region that falls under Pakistan and is disputed region with India. In terms of land area it is bigger than Trinidad and Tobago but smaller than Brunei. [...] Azad Kashmir is a self-governing state under Pakistan.[4][5] It has its own elected president, prime minister, legislature, high court, emblem and official flag. However, the highest body in the state is the Azad Jammu and Kashmir Council. This council has six members from the government of Azad Kashmir (including the President and the Prime Minister of Azad Kashmir) and five members from the government of Pakistan, including the President of Pakistan who is the chairman/chief executive of the council.[4][5] Azad Kashmir is administratively divided into three divisions which, in turn, are divided into ten districts.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-07): Azad Jammu and Kashmir[dead link] (Urdu:آزاد جموں و کشمیر) or, for short, Azad Kashmir (literally Free Kashmir), is part of the Pakistani-controlled portion of Kashmir, lying west of Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. [...] Regions [edit]Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan is a remote autonomous state, with 3 administrative divisions: [...] Other destinations [edit]Understand [edit]Azad Kashmir has a population of four million. It is a self-governing territory controlled by Pakistan. It borders the Indian-controlled state of Jammu and Kashmir to the east (separated from it by the "Line of Control", the military control line between the Indian and Pakistani-controlled parts of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir).
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-08-13): History and facts on Pakistan occupied Kashmir (PoK), the part of the Jammu and Kashmir (India) which was invaded by Pakistan in 1947. Historically, Pakistan-Occupied Kashmir (PoK), once part of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, was illegally occupied by Pakistan in 1947. During India's Independence in 1947, the British relinquished their claim over the princely state, offering the choice of joining India, Pakistan, or remaining independent. [...] Indian troops were swiftly dispatched to Srinagar, and a war began between the Indian and Pakistani armies. This resulted in stabilised control over two regions. The area under the influence of Pakistan-backed rebellions was renamed now known as the Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-27): In his recent column, "Azad Kashmir Is A Foreign Territory?" in the mass-circulation Urdu newspaper Roznama Jang, Pakistan's celebrated journalist Hamid Mir took up the case of Ahmad Farhad, a Pakistani-Kashmiri journalist and poet who was picked up by the Pakistani military. However, when the matter came up before the Islamabad High Court, the Additional Attorney General of Pakistan told the court that Ahmad Farhad is in Azad Kashmir which, he said, is a foreign territory, and therefore not under the jurisdiction of the court. [...] "Ironically, [demanding the] accession of Azad Kashmir [into Pakistan] is the official policy of the state of Pakistan. Opponents of Pakistan's accession or supporters of independent Kashmir are not allowed to participate in state elections [in Azad Kashmir], but the government of Pakistan declares Azad Kashmir a foreign territory in the Islamabad High Court. [...] "He wrote that Azad Kashmir is not a constitutional province of Pakistan but holds a provincial status within Pakistan. Nationalist circles [those who reject the federal idea of Pakistan] criticized this decision heavily. However, in 2006, Justice Gilani authored another decision, stating that Azad Kashmir cannot be considered a province under Article 1 of Pakistan's Constitution but falls under the definition of a territory included in Pakistan as per sub-clause (d) of clause 2 of the same article.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-10): Map of Azad Kashmir in relation to Pakistan Districts of Azad Kashmir This section holds a short summary of the history of the area of present-day Azad Kashmir, illustrated with maps, including historical maps of former countries and empires that included present-day Azad Kashmir.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-05): The Government of Azad Kashmir (Urdu: حکومتِ آزاد کشمیر) is the state government which administers one of the territories of Pakistani-administered Kashmir territories of Azad Kashmir. The Azad Kashmir government consists of a president as head of state and a prime minister as chief executive, with the support of a council of ministers. The state assembly is the Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly.[4] [...] - ^ "Home". Government of Azad Kashmir. Retrieved 11 August 2016. [...] - ^ "Azad Jammu & Kashmir Legislative Assembly". www.ajkassembly.gok.pk. Archived from the original on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2017-05-22.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-05-07): Azad Kashmir, also known as Azad Jammu and Kashmir, is a self governing territory, administrated by Pakistan. Jammu and Kashmir is divided among Pakistan and India by UN on the Line of Control. Both of the countries claims the entire state of Kashmir as their own but issue was still under the conflict between Pakistan and India since 1949. [...] Azad Kashmir has its own self-governing legislative assembly under the control of Pakistan. Azad Jammu and Kashmir is situated on the lower part of the Himalayas, the Sarwali peak in the Neelum Valley is the highest peak in the region. Whole region is composed of lush green and fertile mountainous valleys, which attracts number of visitors from all around Pakistan and other countries.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2016-03-01): Kashmir territories - full profile - Published [...] The population of historic Kashmir is divided into about 10 million people in Indian-administrated Jammu and Kashmir and 4.5 million in Pakistani-run Azad Kashmir. There are a further 1.8 million people in the Gilgit-Baltistan autonomous territory, which Pakistan created from northern Kashmir and the two small princely states of Hunza and Nagar in 1970. The government of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir has often been led by the National Conference, a pro-Indian party led by the Abdullah political dynasty. Pakistan runs Azad Jammu and Kashmir as a self-governing state, in which the Muslim Conference has played a prominent role for decades.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-08-08): Kashmir is an ethnically diverse Himalayan region, covering around 86,000 sq miles ( 222,738 sq km), and famed for the beauty of its lakes, meadows and snow-capped mountains. [...] Today, Delhi and Islamabad both claim Kashmir in full, but control only parts of it - territories recognised internationally as "Indian-administered Kashmir" and "Pakistan-administered Kashmir". [...] Within Kashmir, opinions about the territory's rightful allegiance are diverse and strongly held. Many do not want it to be governed by India, preferring either independence or union with Pakistan instead.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-22): The history of Azad Kashmir, a disputed part of the Kashmir region currently administered by Pakistan, is related to the history of the Kashmir region during the Dogra rule. Azad Kashmir borders the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the south and west respectively, Gilgit–Baltistan to the north, and the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir to the east. The region is claimed by India and has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947.[1]
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): The region is located along the northernmost extremity of the Indian-Australian tectonic plate. The subduction of that plate beneath the Eurasian Plate—the process that for roughly 50 million years has been creating the Himalayas—has produced heavy seismic activity in Kashmir. One especially powerful earthquake in 2005 devastated Muzaffarabad, which is the administrative center of Azad Kashmir, and adjacent areas including parts of India’s Jammu and Kashmir state (now Jammu and Kashmir union territory) and Pakistan’s North-West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa).
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-29): Azad Jammu and Kashmir, (Urdu: آزاد جموں و کشمیر پاکستان) also just called Azad Kashmir is a self-governing region that falls under Pakistan and is disputed region with India. In terms of land area it is bigger than Trinidad and Tobago but smaller than Brunei. [...] Government and politics [change | change source]Azad Kashmir is a self-governing state under Pakistan.[4][5] It has its own elected president, prime minister, legislature, high court, emblem and official flag. However, the highest body in the state is the Azad Jammu and Kashmir Council. This council has six members from the government of Azad Kashmir (including the President and the Prime Minister of Azad Kashmir) and five members from the government of Pakistan, including the President of Pakistan who is the chairman/chief executive of the council.[4][5] Azad Kashmir is administratively divided into three divisions which, in turn, are divided into ten districts. The Government of Azad Kashmir and Jammu is based in Muzaffarabad, the interim state capital of the Azad Kashmir disputed territory.
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Notes - ^ Jammu and Kashmir is a disputed territory between India and Pakistan. Jammu and Kashmir has 42,241 km2 (16,309 sq mi) of area administered by India and 13,297 km2 (5,134 sq mi) of area controlled by Pakistan under Azad Kashmir which is claimed by India as part of Jammu and Kashmir. [...] (a) Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent, Encyclopaedia Britannica, retrieved 15 August 2019 (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories."; [...] (i) Fisher, Michael H. (2018), An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century, Cambridge University Press, p. 166, ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2 Quote: "Kashmir's identity remains hotly disputed with a UN-supervised "Line of Control" still separating Pakistani-held Azad ("Free") Kashmir from Indian-held Kashmir.";
Claim: Azad Kashmir is a territory of Pakistan (Azad Kashmir, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-19): The population of historic Kashmir is divided into about 10 million people in Indian-administrated Jammu and Kashmir and 4.5 million in Pakistani-administered Kashmir. There are a further 1.8 million people in the Gilgit-Baltistan autonomous territory, which Pakistan created from northern Kashmir and the two small princely states of Hunza and Nagar in 1970. [...] In Pakistani-controlled Kashmir, the media are used mainly for propaganda purposes, mainly to highlight the alleged human rights violations in Indian-administered Kashmir. [...] 1949 - Kashmir is partitioned between India and Pakistan, with a ceasefire line agreed.