copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-07): Hong Kong (/ˌhɒŋˈkɒŋ/ (listen); Chinese: 香港, Hong Kong Cantonese: [hœ́ːŋ.kɔ̌ːŋ] (listen), literally "Fragrant Port"), officially The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of The People's Republic of China,[17] is one of two Special Administrative Regions (SARs) of the People's Republic of China (the other is Macau). It is one of the richest and most developed parts in the world, and one where the cost of living is one of the highest. Hong Kong grew quickly in the decades after World War II, becoming a famous world-class financial centre. Hong Kong was one of the last territories of the British Empire until 1997, when United Kingdom handed it over to China. China then promised to grant it special status for 50 years. [...] July 1, 1997 - Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region of China for 50 years 1998 - Hong Kong International Airport opened, replacing Kai Tak Airport in Kowloon
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-07-08): Over the next half-century, the United Kingdom gained control over all three main regions of Hong Kong: After Hong Kong Island came the Kowloon Peninsula, and finally the New Territories, a swath of land that comprises the bulk of Hong Kong today. The final treaty, the 1898 Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory, leased the New Territories to Britain for 99 years. Under the terms of the treaty, China would regain control of its leased lands on July 1, 1997. British Hong Kong’s trajectory was different from that of mainland China, which became a Communist country in 1949. Up to 100,000 Chinese found refuge in Hong Kong after the Communist Party took power. Capitalist Hong Kong soon experienced an economic boom, becoming home to a multicultural, international community. [...] After the handover, Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region of China with its own "mini constitution," legal system, and some democratic rights like free speech and the freedom of assembly under its Basic Law. However, Hong Kong residents cannot elect their own leaders; rather, a chief executive is elected by a 1,200-member election committee.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-07): China (Includes Hong Kong, Macau, and Tibet): Hong Kong [...] Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China. According to the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration and the Basic Law of the Special Administrative Region, except in matters of defense and foreign affairs, Hong Kong would have a high degree of autonomy. In 2022, China continued to dismantle Hong Kong’s political freedoms and autonomy in violation of these commitments. Amendments to the Basic Law in 2021 fundamentally changed the electoral system to effectively allow Beijing to block participation by political groups of which Beijing disapproved. On May 8, 2022, Hong Kong’s Election Committee selected John Lee, former secretary for security, as the city’s next chief executive. Lee, the sole candidate permitted by Beijing, secured more than 99 percent of the votes in the 1,500-member selection committee, whose members were in turn vetted by the government. Critics termed the election a violation of democratic principles and political pluralism and a major step away from the Basic Law’s stated aim of universal suffrage. [...] Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and LaborBureau of East Asian and Pacific AffairsChinaHong Kong
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Hong Kong[e] is a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China. With 7.4 million residents of various nationalities[f] in a 1,104-square-kilometre (426 sq mi) territory, Hong Kong is the fourth most densely populated region in the world. [...] Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China, with executive, legislative, and judicial powers devolved from the national government.[91] The Sino-British Joint Declaration provided for economic and administrative continuity through the handover,[68] resulting in an executive-led governing system largely inherited from the territory's history as a British colony.[92] Under these terms and the "one country, two systems" principle, the Basic Law of Hong Kong is the regional constitution.[93] The regional government is composed of three branches:
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-11-01): Secular trends in all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates in people with diabetes in Hong Kong, 2001-2016: a retrospective cohort study Aims/hypothesis: The aim of the study was to describe trends in all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates in Hong Kong Chinese people with diabetes from 2001 to 2016. Methods: The Hong Kong Diabetes Surveillance Database (HKDSD) is a territory-wide diabetes cohort identified from the Hong Kong Hospital Authority electronic medical record system. Deaths between 2001 and 2016 were identified from linkage to the Hong Kong Death Registry. We used Joinpoint regression analysis to describe mortality patterns among people with diabetes by age and sex, and standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) to compare all-cause mortality rates in people with and without diabetes.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2000-11-17): The Hong Kong issue was left over from history. Hong Kong(including the Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories) has been a part of China 's territory since the ancient times. Britain Launched the Opium War against China in 1840 and compelled the Qing government to sign the Treaty of Nanking, permanently ceding the Hong Kong Island to it. Britain and France launched the Second Opium War in 1856. In 1860, Britain forced the Qing government to sign the Convention of Peking, permanently ceding to it the southern tip of the Kowloon Island. In 1898, exploiting the establishment of sphere of influence in China by imperialist powers, Britain again forced the Qing government to sign the Kowloon Extension Agreement, "leasing" large area of land north of the Boundary Street of the Kowloon Island and over 200 islets nearby(later called the New Territories) for a term of 99 years until June 30, 1997. The Chinese people have always been opposed to these three unequal treaties. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Chinese government took a consistent position over Hong Kong: Hong Kong is a part of China 's territory. China does not recognize the three unequal treaties imposed on it by imperialism. The Hong Kong issue should be resolved through negotiation when conditions permit, and the existing status of Hong Kong should be maintained pending a solution.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-09-08): I am also instructed to state that, in accordance with the Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong signed on 19 December 1984, the Government of the United Kingdom will restore Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China with effect from 1 July 1997. The Government of the United Kingdom will continue to have international responsibility for Hong Kong until that date. Therefore, from that date the Government of the United Kingdom will cease to be responsible for the international rights and obligations arising from the application of the Convention to Hong Kong. [...] In accordance with the Joint Declaration of the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on the Question of Hong Kong signed on 19 December 1984 (hereinafter referred to as the `Joint Declaration'), the People's Republic of China will resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from 1 July 1997. Hong Kong will, with effect from that date, become a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China and will enjoy a high degree of autonomy, except in foreign and defence affairs which are the responsibilities of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): In 1989, there were protests such those in Tiananmen Square, and then throughout the entire nation.[117] Zhao Ziyang was put under house arrest for his sympathies to the protests and was replaced by Jiang Zemin. Jiang continued economic reforms, closing many SOEs and trimming down "iron rice bowl" (life-tenure positions).[118][119][120] China's economy grew sevenfold during this time.[118] British Hong Kong and Portuguese Macau returned to China in 1997 and 1999, respectively, as special administrative regions under the principle of one country, two systems. The country joined the World Trade Organization in 2001.[118] [...] The PRC is constitutionally a unitary state divided into 23 provinces,[u] five autonomous regions (each with a designated minority group), and four direct-administered municipalities—collectively referred to as "mainland China"—as well as the special administrative regions (SARs) of Hong Kong and Macau.[204] The PRC regards the island of Taiwan as its Taiwan Province, Kinmen and Matsu as a part of Fujian Province and islands the ROC controls in the South China Sea as a part of Hainan Province and Guangdong Province, although all these territories are governed by the Republic of China (ROC).[205][33] Geographically, all 31 provincial divisions of mainland China can be grouped into six regions: North China, East China, Southwestern China, Northwestern China, South Central China, and Northeast China.[206]
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-04-27): Hong Kong and Macau [...] Sign up to receive safety and security alerts and other local updates while abroad. [...] The Secretary underscored that it remains a top priority to resolve the cases of American citizens who are wrongfully detained or subject to exit bans in China. He raised concerns about the erosion of Hong Kong’s autonomy and democratic institutions and the PRC’s human rights violations in Xinjiang and Tibet, as well as transnational repression and individual cases of concern.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-07-14): I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States of America, determine, pursuant to section 202 of the United States-Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992, that the Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong (Hong Kong) is no longer sufficiently autonomous to justify differential treatment in relation to the People’s Republic of China (PRC or China) under the particular United States laws and provisions thereof set out in this order. In late May 2020, the National People’s Congress of China announced its intention to unilaterally and arbitrarily impose national security legislation on Hong Kong. This announcement was merely China’s latest salvo in a series of actions that have increasingly denied autonomy and freedoms that China promised to the people of Hong Kong under the 1984 Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the People’s Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong (Joint Declaration). [...] (i) to be or have been involved, directly or indirectly, in the coercing, arresting, detaining, or imprisoning of individuals under the authority of, or to be or have been responsible for or involved in developing, adopting, or implementing, the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Administrative Region;
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-04): Exercise increased caution when traveling to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) due to the arbitrary enforcement of local laws. [...] Summary: Hong Kong SAR authorities have dramatically restricted civil liberties since the Government of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) imposed the Law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong SAR on June 30, 2020. Following the Hong Kong SAR government’s enactment of its own Safeguarding National Security Ordinance on March 23, 2024, Hong Kong SAR authorities are expected to take additional actions to further restrict civil liberties. [...] If you decide to travel to the Hong Kong SAR:
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-03): The last Article IV Executive Board Consultation was on May 15, 2023. Listed below are items related to People's Republic of China - Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2004-02-01): USTR's Office of China, Mongolia and Taiwan Affairs is responsible for managing the formulation and implementation of U.S. trade policy for the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Macao, Mongolia and Taiwan, with the goal of increasing access for U.S. products and services in these markets and ensuring that World Trade Organization (WTO) and bilateral commitments are enforced. [...] Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It operates as a separate customs territory. Macau is a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It operates as a separate customs territory.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Fleeing the Manchurian conquest of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), Ming loyalists under Zheng Cheng-gong, or Koxinga, drive out the Dutch from Taiwan and establish authority over the island. [...] Oct. 25 sees the Battle of Kuningtou on Kinmen, in which the ROC armed forces defeat the CCP on the northwestern coast of the island. [...] Government-authorized representatives from across the Taiwan Strait meet for the first time in Hong Kong, and via subsequent communication and negotiations, arrive at various joint acknowledgements and understandings.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-08): - Tensions are rising. The Democratic Progressive Party, whose platform favors independence, won a third consecutive term in 2024, while Beijing has ramped up political and military pressure on Taipei. [...] In a 2019 speech, Xi reiterated China’s long-standing proposal for Taiwan: that it be incorporated into the mainland under the formula of "one country, two systems." This is the same formula used for Hong Kong, which was guaranteed the ability to preserve its political and economic systems and granted a "high degree of autonomy." Such a framework is deeply unpopular among the Taiwanese public. Pointing to Beijing’s recent crackdown on Hong Kong’s freedoms, even the KMT have rejected the "one country, two systems" framework. [...] Most people in Taiwan support maintaining the status quo. A small number support immediate independence, according to opinion polls conducted by National Chengchi University. Even fewer express support for the unification of Taiwan with China. An overwhelming majority reject a "one country, two systems" model, a sentiment that has grown as Beijing cracks down on Hong Kong’s freedoms.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-02-12): 1.The Government of the People's Republic of China declares that to recover the Hong Kong area (including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, hereinafter referred to as Hong Kong) is the common aspiration of the entire Chinese people, and that it has decided to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from 1 July 1997. [...] (1)Upholding national unity and territorial integrity and taking account of the history of Hong Kong and its realities, the People's Republic of China has decided to establish, in accordance with the provisions of Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, a Hong Kong Special Administrative Region upon resuming the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-01): "(4) an assessment of the efforts by the Government of the People's Republic of China to use the status of Hong Kong as a separate customs territory to import items into the People's Republic of China from Hong Kong in violation of the export control laws of the United States, whether as part of the Greater Bay Area plan, through the assignment by Beijing of Hong Kong as a national technology and innovation center, or through other programs that may exploit Hong Kong as a conduit for controlled sensitive technology; [...] For purposes of this chapter— (1) the term "Hong Kong" means, prior to July 1, 1997, the British Dependent Territory of Hong Kong, and on and after July 1, 1997, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China; [...] (3) The United States should continue to treat Hong Kong as a territory which is fully autonomous from the United Kingdom and, after June 30, 1997, should treat Hong Kong as a territory which is fully autonomous from the People's Republic of China with respect to economic and trade matters.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-19): China pledged to preserve much of what makes Hong Kong unique when the former British colony was handed over in 1997. Beijing said it would give Hong Kong fifty years to keep its capitalist system and enjoy many freedoms not found in mainland Chinese cities. [...] Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the People’s Republic of China that has, until recently, largely been free to manage its own affairs based on "one country, two systems," a national unification policy developed by Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping in the 1980s. The concept was intended to help integrate Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau with sovereign China while preserving their unique political and economic systems. After more than a century and a half of colonial rule, the British government returned Hong Kong in 1997. (Qing dynasty leaders ceded Hong Kong Island to the British Crown in 1842 after China’s defeat in the First Opium War, and Kowloon and the New Territories came under British rule shortly after.) Portugal returned Macau in 1999, and Taiwan remains independent. The Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984 dictated the terms under which Hong Kong was returned to China. The declaration and Hong Kong’s Basic Law, the city’s constitutional document that Beijing enacted in accord with the declaration, enshrined the city’s "capitalist system and way of life" and granted it "a high degree of autonomy," including executive, legislative, and independent judicial powers for fifty years (until 2047).
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-06-05): Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China Officially called Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong covers an area of approximately 1095 km2 and is comprised of Hong Kong Island, the Kowloon Peninsula, the New Territories and more than 260 adjacent islands. Hong Kong Island is located off China’s south China coast near Guangdong province and is surrounded by the South China Sea. The New Territories, which are attached to the mainland, account for over 85% of its total territory. [...] In 1997, China reestablished control over the region when Britain’s lease on the New Territories expired. Britain had hoped to negotiate an extension to the lease but met with resolute opposition. Though Kowloon and Hong Kong Island had been ceded to the British "in perpetuity" it was felt that keeping them would not be practical if the New Territories were returned to China. China now governs Hong Kong as a special administrative region under a "one country, two systems" policy. As part of this policy, Hong Kong is allowed a multi-party political system, an independent judiciary functioning largely under a Common Law framework, and a high degree of autonomy except in matters of foreign relations and military defense. Nevertheless, its democracy is tempered by a high degree of input from the mainland government, which is still responsible for appointing Hong Kong’s chief executive.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-08-20): - Hong Kong is not a country, but a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. [...] Hong Kong is not a country unto itself, but a Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, in which the territory is supposed to have autonomy in terms of political governance and how it runs its economy. [...] During World War II, Imperial Japanese forces occupied Hong Kong, and its population was more than halved from 1.6 million in 1941 to just 650,000 by the time the Japanese surrendered in 1945. After WWII ended, however, people began streaming back into Hong Kong, and the territory began to revive its economy. But it was not until the 1970s that the territory’s economy began to sizzle, eventually making it one of the so-called Asian Tiger economies. In 1997, in accordance with the Convention of 1898, the UK returned Hong Kong to Chinese control, but with special conditions meant to preserve the territory’s free market economy and political system. Hence, Hong Kong became what is now known as a Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-07-01): China agreed to govern Hong Kong under the principle of "one country, two systems", where the city would enjoy "a high degree of autonomy, except in foreign and defence affairs" for the next 50 years. [...] After 2047, mainland China is no longer obliged to grant Hong Kong the autonomy agreed on with Britain before the 1997 handover, leaving the city's fate unclear. [...] "As an inalienable part of China, we cannot afford to be a country that undermines the security of China," said Regina Ip, one of Hong Kong's most well-known pro-Beijing lawmakers.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-08-03): Seized by the UK in 1841, Hong Kong was formally ceded by China the following year at the end of the First Opium War; the Kowloon Peninsula was added in 1860 at the end of the Second Opium War, and was further extended when Britain obtained a 99-year lease of the New Territories in 1898. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and the UK on 19 December 1984, Hong Kong became the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China on 1 July 1997. In this agreement, China promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic and strict political system would not be imposed on Hong Kong and that Hong Kong would enjoy a "high degree of autonomy" in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the subsequent 50 years. Since the turnover, Hong Kong has continued to enjoy success as an international financial center. However, dissatisfaction with the Hong Kong Government and growing Chinese political influence has been a central issue and led to considerable civil unrest.
Claim: Hong Kong is a territory of People's Republic of China (Hong Kong, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-03-04): Hong Kong, officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, is an autonomous territory on the Pearl River Delta of East Asia. Hong Kong has its own political and economical system which is separate from that of China. [...] 7. The British government managed to colonize Hong Kong in 1841 during the Opium War. [...] 17. Hong Kong was under British rule from 1842 to 1997. Today it is a special administration region in China.