copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-04-14): For lack of consensus, the two neighboring countries, members of the international community and members of continental and regional groupings have decided to bring their border dispute to international justice on the subject of the property of the Mbanié, Cocotiers and Conga islands. Competent to judge territorial disputes between the States, the ICJ was seized so that the law is said on this subject which poisons the relations between the two countries. [...] In its capacity as civil party, Equatorial Guinea asks to "say whether the legal titles, treaties and international conventions invoked by the Parties are lawful in the relations between the Gabonese Republic and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea with regard to the delimitation of their common maritime and land borders and sovereignty over the Mbanié, Cocotiers and Conga islands ". [...] For several decades, the two countries have been fighting in particular for the sovereignty of the island of Mbanié, which is reputed to be rich in hydrocarbons. According to corroborating sources, the extension by the two States of their territorial waters beyond 12 nautical miles leads to reciprocal overlaps of their maritime territory.
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-24): - ↑ (en) Land and Maritime Delimitation and Sovereignty over Islands (Gabon/Equatorial Guinea). Internationaal Gerechtshof. Gearchiveerd op 19 januari 2023. Geraadpleegd op 19 januari 2023. - ↑ (en) Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea Agree to Demarcate Border after Skirmishes. Voice of America (9 juni 2020). Gearchiveerd op 19 januari 2023. Geraadpleegd op 19 januari 2023.
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-11): Llista de reivindicacions territorials
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-09-17): - wikt:Mbañie Island, wikt:Cocotiers, and wikt:Congas Island: wikt:Gabon and wikt:Equatorial Guinea[8]
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): In 1910, Gabon became a territory of French Equatorial Africa,[15] a federation that survived until 1958. In World War II, the Allies invaded Gabon in order to overthrow the pro-Vichy France colonial administration. On 28 November 1958, Gabon became an autonomous republic within the French Community, and on 17 August 1960, it became fully independent.[16] [...] Gabon is a member of the United Nations (UN) and some of its specialized and related agencies, and of the World Bank; the IMF; the African Union (AU); the Central African Customs Union/Central African Economic and Monetary Community (UDEAC/CEMAC); EU/ACP association under the Lomé Convention; the Communaute Financiere Africaine (CFA); the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC); the Nonaligned Movement; and the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS/CEEAC). In 1995, Gabon withdrew from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), rejoining in 2016. Gabon was elected to a non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council for January 2010 through December 2011 and held the rotating presidency in March 2010.[17] In 2022, Gabon joined the Commonwealth of Nations.[30] In 2024, ruling junta leader Brice Oligui Nguema assured American and French leaders that Gabon would be an ally of the West moving forward, as a part of his broader plan to solve the ongoing debt crisis.[31]
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-04): Land and Maritime Delimitation and Sovereignty over Islands (Gabon/Equatorial Guinea) [...] Land and Maritime Delimitation and Sovereignty over Islands (Gabon/Equatorial Guinea) - Conclusion of the public hearings on the merits held from Monday 30 September to Friday 4 October 2024 [...] Land and Maritime Delimitation and Sovereignty over Islands (Gabon/Equatorial Guinea) - Public hearings on the merits to be held from Monday 30 September to Friday 4 October 2024
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-30): The two West African nations have been squabbling over the 30-hectare (74-acre) island of Mbanie and two smaller low-lying islets, Cocotier and Conga, since the early 1970s. [...] Gabon argues that a later treaty signed in 1974—the Bata Convention—gives it sovereignty over the islands. [...] Esono said that Gabon invaded the islands in 1972 and "has occupied them illegally ever since."
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-30): Equatorial Guinea asked judges at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on Monday to decline Gabon's claim to several islands in possibly oilrich waters in the Gulf of Guinea. The African neighbours, both substantial oil manufacturers, have asked the United Nations' leading court to settle a disagreement centring on the small island of Mbanié, less than a kilometre (about 1,000 lawns) long, off the coast of Gabon. [...] The dispute has actually been going on because 1972, when Gabon's army drove Equatorial Guinea soldiers from Mbanié. Gabon has since set up its own military presence on the virtually uninhabited island of just 74 acres (30 hectares).
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-30): Equatorial Guinea asked judges at the International Court of Justice to reject Gabon's claim to several islands in potentially oil-rich waters in the Gulf of Guinea. The African neighbours, both significant oil producers, have asked the United Nations' top court to settle a dispute centring on the tiny island of Mbanié, less than a kilometre long, off the coast of Gabon. [...] The conflict has been ongoing since 1972, when Gabon's army drove Equatorial Guinea soldiers from Mbanié.
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): Gabon Claims Oil-rich Islands In ICJ Clash With E.Guinea - Order Reprints - Print Article © Agence France-Presse [...] Gabon claimed sovereignty over three islands in oil-rich waters Wednesday, telling the International Court of Justice the matter had already been settled by a 1974 treaty hotly disputed by Equatorial Guinea. The two west African nations have been squabbling over the 30-hectare (74-acre) island of Mbanie and two smaller low-lying islets, Cocotier and Conga, since the early 1970s.
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-04-23): On 5 March 2021, the Press Office of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) announced that proceedings had been instituted in the Court by way of a Special Agreement between Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. The application pleads: "The Court is requested to determine whether the legal titles, treaties and international conventions invoked by the Parties have the force of law in the relations between the Gabonese Republic and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea in so far as they concern the delimitation of their common maritime and land boundaries and sovereignty over the islands of Mbanie/Mbane, Ccoctiers/Cocoteros, and Conga." (emphasis added) [...] Equatorial Guinea and Gabon have a long-standing maritime and territorial dispute over the ownership of three islands Mbanie/Mbane, Cocotiers/Cocoteros, and Congas. The dispute has been simmering since 1972 when there was a small military skirmish on the island of Mbanie/Mbane. It remained in obscurity until the hydrocarbon fields were discovered in the surrounding waters. In 2004, the leaders of both States jointly pledged before the United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan to negotiate a joint development zone in order to exploit the oil reserves. In 2004, the Secretary-Generalinitialized mediation through his special representative, but it had to be suspended in 2010 because of the souring relationship between the new Gabonese government and Equatorial Guinea. In 2011, at the invitation of the new UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon that the negotiations were restarted, with the aim of finding a mutually acceptable solution of the border dispute between the two parties for submission to the International Court of Justice. In 2016, these mediation efforts were successfully concluded.
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-05-17): Land and Maritime Delimitation and Sovereignty over Islands (Gabon/Equatorial Guinea) [...] The Case of the "Land and Maritime Delimitation and Sovereignty over Islands (Gabon/Equatorial Guinea)" refers to an ongoing territorial dispute over the common land and maritime frontiers between the two States and the sovereignty over the islands of Mbanié/Mbane, Cocotiers/Cocoteros, and Conga. [...] Mabire JC (1989) Elobey Grande, un différend frontalier fanco-espagnol. Mélanges de la Casa de Velázquez 25:517–526
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): The tiny island of Mbanié off the coast of Gabon is the subject of a dispute pitting Equatorial Guinea against Gabon at the International Court of Justice in The Hague, Netherlands. [...] Equatorial Guinea on Monday asked judges at the ICJ to reject Gabon’s claim to the island. Gabon will present its case on Wednesday, with the hearings to take a week. [...] The dispute, which dates back to the early 1970s. Gabon’s army in 1972 pushed soldiers from Equatorial Guinea out of Mbanié and established its own military presence.
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-01): The two West African nations have been squabbling over the 30-hectare (74-acre) island of Mbanie and two smaller low-lying islets, Cocotier and Conga, since the early 1970s. [...] Gabon argues that a later treaty signed in 1974 -- the Bata Convention -- gives it sovereignty over the islands. [...] Esono said that Gabon invaded the islands in 1972 and "has occupied them illegally ever since".
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-03): Equatorial Guinea and Gabon face off at the ICJ over oil-rich islands of Mbanié, Cocotier and Conga [...] Gabon and Equatorial Guinea are currently presenting their case before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague to resolve a five-decade territorial dispute over three oil-rich islands in the Gulf of Guinea. Following hearings of Malabo, Libreville presented its arguments on October 2, focusing on a 1974 convention signed in Bata which Gabon claims. The central Africa country confirms its sovereignty over the islands of Mbanié, Cocotier, and Conga.
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-03): The tiny island of Mbanié, located off Gabon’s coast, has become the focal point of a legal dispute between Gabon and Equatorial Guinea, currently being adjudicated at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague. Both countries claim ownership of the 74-acre island and its smaller islets, believed to harbor significant oil resources. Equatorial Guinea urged the court’s judges to dismiss Gabon’s claims, arguing its position is supported by a 1900 border treaty with Spain. Meanwhile, Gabon cites the 1974 Bata Convention to back its own claim. Represented by teams of legal experts, both nations are contesting which legal documents should guide the court’s decision. The dispute dates back to the early 1970s when Gabon asserted military control over the island after a military confrontation. Following years of UN mediation, both countries agreed in 2016 to let the ICJ resolve the matter, with a binding ruling expected next year.
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-02-08): The Mbanié Island Dispute 8 February, 20222434 VIEWS [...] Corisco Bay is a small bay on the border of two states: Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. Three islands, Corisco, Elobey Grande and Elobey Chico, have long been under the control of Spain, and more recently of the independent republic of Equatorial Guinea. Further South, a tiny sand island called Mbanié is closer to Gabon than to Equatorial Guinea. Gabon claims sovereignty on the basis of proximity of the mainland, while Equatorial Guinea claims it is part of a larger group of islands that are under its own sovereignty. While of little value itself, the island is of great importance in the delimitation of territorial waters in an area that is very rich in mineral resources, particularly oil. This is the source of continual tension between the two states. As of today, Gabon administers Mbanié and maintains a military presence on the island. More on Mbanié Island
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-04-14): For lack of consensus, the two neighboring countries, members of the international community and members of continental and regional groupings have decided to bring their border dispute to international justice on the subject of the property of the Mbanié, Cocotiers and Conga islands. Competent to judge territorial disputes between the States, the ICJ was seized so that the law is said on this subject which poisons the relations between the two countries. [...] In its capacity as civil party, Equatorial Guinea asks to "say whether the legal titles, treaties and international conventions invoked by the Parties are lawful in the relations between the Gabonese Republic and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea with regard to the delimitation of their common maritime and land borders and sovereignty over the Mbanié, Cocotiers and Conga islands ". [...] For several decades, the two countries have been fighting in particular for the sovereignty of the island of Mbanié, which is reputed to be rich in hydrocarbons. According to corroborating sources, the extension by the two States of their territorial waters beyond 12 nautical miles leads to reciprocal overlaps of their maritime territory.
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-12): Mbanié ou île de Mbanié est une petite île de 20 hectares située dans les eaux gabonaises à une dizaine de kilomètres de la côte de la province de l'Estuaire. L'île est sans population à l'exception du détachement de gendarmes gabonais qui y est installé en permanence depuis 1972. La souveraineté gabonaise est contestée par l'état voisin de la Guinée équatoriale, comme pour l'île voisine de Cocotiers et l'îlot Conga. Île sablonneuse de la baie de Corisco (Golfe de Guinée), elle est revendiquée une première fois par la Guinée équatoriale en 1972. À la suite de la signature d'un traité en 1974, cette revendication semble cesser jusqu'au début des années 1990 lorsque la Guinée équatoriale relance le différend. Selon une opinion courante, les eaux de ces îles abriteraient d'importants gisements de pétrole. En réalité, l'intérêt de la Guinée équatoriale pour Mbanié tiendrait au contrôle de zones maritimes situées entre les côtes du Gabon et l'île de São Tomé pour lesquelles le Gabon et la Guinée ont attribué des permis pétroliers sur les mêmes espaces. Une médiation de l'ONU engagée en 2003 n'a pas abouti[1],[2] et les deux parties semblent déterminées aujourd'hui à soumettre le différend à une instance juridictionnelle internationale. En avril 2021, un communiqué du ministère des Affaires étrangères gabonais paru confirme que la Cour internationale de justice (CIJ) de La Haye a entamé une procédure. Le conflit territorial est désormais en procédure à la Haye depuis mars 2021[3].
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-24): - ↑ (en) Land and Maritime Delimitation and Sovereignty over Islands (Gabon/Equatorial Guinea). Internationaal Gerechtshof. Gearchiveerd op 19 januari 2023. Geraadpleegd op 19 januari 2023.
Claim: Mbañie Island is a territory of Gabon (Mbañie Island, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-09-17): - wikt:Mbañie Island, wikt:Cocotiers, and wikt:Congas Island: wikt:Gabon and wikt:Equatorial Guinea[8]
Claim: Cocotiers is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Cocotiers, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-23): Regions [edit]Equatorial Guinea is divided into a continental region known as Río Muni, and an insular region comprising Bioko, Annobón, Corisco, Elobey Grande, Elobey Chico, Mbañe , Conga, Leva, Cocotero and other smaller islets.[1][2] The islets of Mbañe, Conga, and Cocotero are subject to a territorial dispute with Gabon, pending resolution at the International Court of Justice.[3][4]
Claim: Cocotiers is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Cocotiers, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-22): Equatorial Guinea consists of a continental territory and five inhabited islands; it is one of the smallest countries by area and population in Africa. The mainland region was most likely predominantly inhabited by Pygmy ethnic groups prior to the migration of various Bantu-speaking ethnic groups around the second millennium BC. The island of Bioko, the largest of Equatorial Guinea’s five inhabited islands and the location of the country’s capital of Malabo, has been occupied since at least 1000 B.C. In the early 1470s, Portuguese explorers landed on Bioko Island, and Portugal soon after established control of the island and other areas of modern Equatorial Guinea. In 1778, Portugal ceded its colonial hold over present-day Equatorial Guinea to Spain in the Treaty of El Pardo. The borders of modern-day Equatorial Guinea would evolve between 1778 and 1968 as the area remained under European colonial rule. [...] Equatorial Guinea is one of the smallest and least populated countries in continental Africa and is the only independent African country where Spanish is an official language. Despite a boom in oil production in the 1990s, authoritarianism, corruption, and resource mismanagement have concentrated the benefits among a small elite. These practices have perpetuated income inequality and unbalanced development, such as low public spending on education and health care. Unemployment remains problematic because the oil-dominated economy employs a small labor force dependent on skilled foreign workers. The agricultural sector, Equatorial Guinea’s main employer, continues to deteriorate because of a lack of investment and the migration of rural workers to urban areas. About two-thirds of the population lives below the poverty line as of 2020.
Claim: Cocotiers is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Cocotiers, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-27): Geography [edit]Equatorial Guinea is on the west coast of Central Africa. The country consists of a mainland territory, Río Muni, which is bordered by Cameroon to the north and Gabon to the east and south, and five small islands, Bioko, Corisco, Annobón, Elobey Chico (Small Elobey), and Elobey Grande (Great Elobey). Bioko, the site of the capital, Malabo, lies about 40 kilometers (25 mi) off the coast of Cameroon. Annobón Island is about 350 kilometers (220 mi) west-south-west of Cape Lopez in Gabon. Corisco and the two Elobey islands are in Corisco Bay, on the border of Río Muni and Gabon.
Claim: Cocotiers is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Cocotiers, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-03): Equatorial Guinea, country located on the west coast of Africa. It consists of Río Muni (also known as Continental Equatorial Guinea), on the continent, and five islands (known collectively as insular Equatorial Guinea): Bioko (formerly Fernando Po), Corisco, Great Elobey (Elobey Grande), Little Elobey (Elobey Chico), and Annobón (Pagalu). Bata is the administrative capital of the mainland. Formerly a colony of Spain with the name Spanish Guinea, the country achieved its independence on October 12, 1968. The capital is Malabo, on Bioko. Continental Equatorial Guinea is a roughly rectangular territory bounded by Cameroon to the north and Gabon to the east and south. Near the coast are the small islands of Corisco and Great and Little Elobey. Bioko, by far the largest of the islands, lies off the coast of Cameroon in the Bight of Biafra. Annobón, a volcanic island, lies south of the Equator and almost 400 miles (640 km) to the southwest of Bioko.
Claim: Cocotiers is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Cocotiers, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-03): Equatorial Guinea and Gabon face off at the ICJ over oil-rich islands of Mbanié, Cocotier and Conga [...] Gabon and Equatorial Guinea are currently presenting their case before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague to resolve a five-decade territorial dispute over three oil-rich islands in the Gulf of Guinea. Following hearings of Malabo, Libreville presented its arguments on October 2, focusing on a 1974 convention signed in Bata which Gabon claims. The central Africa country confirms its sovereignty over the islands of Mbanié, Cocotier, and Conga.
Claim: Cocotiers is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Cocotiers, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-04-11): Equatorial Guinea country profile - Published Equatorial Guinea is a small country on the west coast of Africa which struck oil in 1995, and which since has been cited as a textbook case of the resource curse - or the paradox of plenty.
Claim: Cocotiers is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Cocotiers, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-05-17): The Case of the "Land and Maritime Delimitation and Sovereignty over Islands (Gabon/Equatorial Guinea)" refers to an ongoing territorial dispute over the common land and maritime frontiers between the two States and the sovereignty over the islands of Mbanié/Mbane, Cocotiers/Cocoteros, and Conga. [...] Wood M (2020) The strange boundaries of Equatorial Guinea. In: Sovereign limits, 2 March 2020. https://sovereignlimits.com/blog/the-strange-boundaries-of-equatorial-guinea. Accessed 31 Mar 2023
Claim: Cocotiers is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Cocotiers, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-04-15): The territorial dispute between Gabon and Equatorial Guinea is once again in the spotlight. These two Central African countries have been disputing the sovereignty of three islands since the 1970s. After the failure of UN mediation, Libreville and Malabo had agreed to resort to the International Court of Justice to settle the dispute. [...] The two countries have been invited to designate their representatives and file their defenses. The case dates back to 1972 when Equatorial Guinea claimed sovereignty over Mbanié, the largest island with an area of 20 hectares, and two other islets, Cocotiers and Conga. In 1974, a treaty was signed. It reduced the tension. But 15 years later, Equatorial Guinea revived the dispute.
Claim: Cocotiers is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Cocotiers, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-11-26): On March 05th 2021, Gabon and Equatorial Guinea submitted to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) a compromise signed by the two States on November 15th 2016 and entered into force in March 2020. The Court is requested "to determine whether the legal titles, treaties and international conventions invoked by the Parties have the force of law in the relations between the Gabonese Republic and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea in so far as they concern the delimitation of their common maritime and land boundaries and sovereignty over the islands of Mbanié/Mbañe, Cocotiers/Cocoteros and Conga".
Claim: Cocotiers is a territory of Equatorial Guinea (Cocotiers, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2016-01-21): The longstanding dispute between the two nations regarding the Mbanié, Cocotiers and Congas islands, and common boundaries, dates back to the early 1970’s.