copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-11-27): From 1968 to 2000, negotiations over Sir Creek stalled until both Pakistan and India signed and ratified the United Nations (U.N.) Convention on the Law of the Sea.[1] This convention required both sides to resolve their maritime disputes by submitting their claims over maritime territories by May 2009.[2] The failure of the signatories to reach any understanding by this time would invoke Part XV of the convention, which provides a comprehensive mechanism for dispute settlement or may also declare the unresolved maritime zones to be international waterways. In September 2006, Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh met in Havana, Cuba, and agreed that neutral experts should meet to conduct a joint survey of Sir Creek and the adjoining area, which would lead to clarity on demarcation perceptions between the two sides that could pave the way for a settlement.[3] Yet no further progress was made as a result of internal political convulsions in both countries, including the Mumbai terrorist attacks of 2008, and ongoing insurgencies in both countries from separatist groups with mutual recriminations.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-12-31): The Sir Creek dispute between India and her neighbour Pakistan is a long-standing border dispute with origins in pre-independence India. Despite the issue not taking centre stage amidst the larger canvas of India-Pakistan relations, it is an important one for various factors. In this article, you can read all about the origins and course of the dispute, along with the way forward. This is an important topic in the UPSC exam International Relations segment. Sir Creek is a 96 km strip of water in the marshes of the Rann of Kutch in Gujarat. It is a disputed region between India and Pakistan. The creek roughly separates the Kutch region in India and Pakistan’s Sindh province. Sir Creek opens up into the Arabian Sea. It was originally named Ban Ganga and was named Sir Creek during colonial times after a British official. [...] Sir Creek is a strategically important region and Indian and Pakistani troops had clashed in the Rann of Kutch in the 1965 war. It is an important fishing ground and is one of the largest fishing sources in Asia. Another reason for its significance is the possible presence of oil and gas reserves under the sea in that area. It is currently unexplored because of the ongoing border dispute. The area is also of great ecological importance with it being home to flamingoes and other species of migratory birds in the winters.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2015-02-24): The resolution of the dispute in Pakistan’s favour would result in them gaining around 3,614 square kilometres of exclusive economic zone. This area is rich in oil, gas, minerals and plant life and therefore, has immense potential. As such, the location of the land terminus of Sir Creek is significant because the displacement of a few kilometres affects both the length and angulations of coastal baselines, effectively changing the size of the territorial sea and the EEZ. Sir Creek is a river boundary dispute, which impacts the delineation of maritime boundaries. It stems from a compromise between the government of Sindh in British India and the Kutch Darbar on boundary delimitation over the Kori Creek, which originally divided the two principalities in 1908, and lies east of the Sir Creek. [...] Sir Creek is a non-navigable river under international law. It is tidal and is only navigable for a few hours during high tide. The thalweg principle is hence inapplicable to Sir Creek. Pakistan’s position, that the boundary is on the eastern bank due to historical title, seems accurate. Under the established principle of uti possidetis, both Pakistan and India inherited the original borders of their predecessor state and the delimitations effected by them. In this regard, Resolution 1192 classifies that the B-44 map is authoritative and expressly rejects the thalweg principle.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1998-11-10): The IndoPakistani maritime dispute comprises two related issues the resolution of the land boundary in Sir Creek (a 38 km long estuary in the marshes of the Rann of Kutch) of the Gujarat (India) and Sindh (Pakistan) provinces, as well as the delineation of the maritime boundary seaward within the territorial sea and beyond. A reasonable and satisfactory solution to this dispute has eluded India and Pakistan for decades. Not only do both countries differ with each other on a solution on technical grounds, but Pakistans insistence on linking it to the dispute over Kashmir has made it impossible for a political resolution of the dispute. Whereas Pakistan also continues to directly link any resolution of the maritime boundary with that of the land boundary in Sir Creek, India continues to attempt to tackle both issues in a related, but separate, manner. However, with a view to concluding a mutually satisfactory agreement at an early date, Indias non-paper to Pakistan on Sir Creek in January 1994 stated that it was willing to enter into further discussions on the lines suggested by Pakistan. 7
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2012-12-13): Our Dhilliwala Kings are doing that job in a separate way. Not disturbing their grain of self-interest, they are trying to cut the limbs of our Mother land in order to offer them to our guests coming from neighbouring countries. As per source, Delhi Kings are ready now to offer now the ‘Sir Creek’ regions to the visiting Interior Minister of Pakistan on coming Saturday. [...] Now, the blow came from Gujarat itself. On 12th December 2012 at Bapunagar in Ahmedabad, Narendra Modi alleged the stealthy handover of ‘Sir Creek’ regions to Pakistan on 15th Dec. In 1965, the Pak invaders tried to enter India through this area to attack our people in the western side. Pakistan is claiming this bordering land of 9,000 sq kms which is not only strategically important for security reasons, these creek beds are enriched with natural gas and mineral oils and also the livelihood means of thousands of fishermen of Gujarat. Though Modi alleged the handover and Monmohan rubbished the matter of ‘Sir Creek’ area, this long pending land and boundary dispute with Pakistan also comes on as the operative part in the de-section table.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-09): The Sir Creek area. The Green Line is the boundary as claimed by Pakistan, the red line is the boundary as claimed by India. The black line is the undisputed section.The dispute lies in the interpretation of the boundary line between Kutch and Sindh as depicted in a 1914 and 1925 map. At that time, the region was a part of Bombay Presidency of undivided India. After India's independence in 1947, Sindh became a part of Pakistan while Kutch remained a part of India. [...] India supports its stance by citing the Thalweg Doctrine in International Law. The law states that river boundaries between two states may be, if the two states agree, divided by the mid-channel. Though Pakistan does not dispute the 1925 map, it maintains that the Doctrine is not applicable in this case as it only applies to bodies of water that are navigable, which the Sir Creek is not. India rejects the Pakistani stance by maintaining the fact that the creek is navigable in high tide, and that fishing trawlers use it to go out to sea. Several cartographic surveys conducted have upheld the Indian claim.[2] Another point of concern for Pakistan is that Sir Creek has changed its course considerably over the years. If the boundary line is demarcated according to the Thalweg principle, Pakistan stands to lose a considerable portion of the territory that was historically part of the province of Sindh.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-03-11): - Sir Creek, originally Ban Ganga, is a 96 km tidal estuary in the Indus river delta on the border of India and Pakistan. [...] - Sir Creek is considered to be one of the largest fishing grounds in Asia. Also, the marshlands are estimated to be rich in hydrocarbons and shale gas. [...] - Shifting course: Sir Creek has changed its course considerably over the years. If the boundary line is demarcated according to the Thalweg principle applied to the current channel, Pakistan and India would both lose small amounts of wetlands territory that was historically part of their provinces.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1999-08-10): An area of water with access to the sea, known as Sir Creek, is still disputed between the two countries. Both Islamabad and Delhi cite the Sir Creek issue as an outstanding bilateral dispute that needs to be resolved.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2007-01-18): This article appeared in the Asia section of the print edition under the headline "Up Sir Creek"
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): While Pakistan and India are involved in a plethora of disputes, like Kashmir and Siachen, the Sir Creek issue has the propensity for a solution. Sir Creek, a 100 nautical mile strip of water between the state of Gujrat in India and the province of Sindh in Pakistan, has also kept the two countries at loggerheads for decades. The issue like many others is a legacy of the undermarketed tracts at the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. Sir Creek is a marshy strip in the Rann of Kutch area lying between the southern tips of Pakistan’s Sindh province and Indian state of Gujarat, opening in the Arabian Sea. The dispute is related to the Rann of Kutch. During the Partition of India in August 1947, Pakistan inherited the control of the whole of northern Rann of Kutch, but India occupied a part of it in 1956 to promote its grandiose plan of establishing a major naval base at Kandla in the Gulf of Kutch, linking it with Rajasthan and adjacent states via an array of rail and roads, backed by military garrisons contiguous to the Pakistani border.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-05-16): New Delhi: Pakistan has been beefing up its infrastructure in the disputed Sir Creek region near the international border in Gujarat, according to at least two news reports this week. This comes at a time when India ceased its own infrastructure-building activities in its own territory after Islamabad raised objections. [...] The Sir Creek dispute is a territorial dispute between India and Pakistan over a 98-kilometre creek in a marshy and uninhabited region in the Rann of Kutch along the border of India’s Gujarat state and Pakistan’s Sindh province. [...] Over the years, India and Pakistan have engaged in several rounds of negotiations and discussions to resolve the Sir Creek dispute. These efforts have involved the exchange of maps, surveys, and field visits to the disputed area. However, the two countries have, so far, failed to arrive at a mutually acceptable agreement to resolve the dispute.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2012-12-16): In itself, the Sir Creek dispute between India and Pakistan was considered the most "doable". Now, however, with the Chief Minister of Gujarat, Narendra Modi , demanding a freeze on the issue, the matter has become complicated. The actual dispute on where the boundary between India and Pakistan lies on Sir Creek , a 96-km water body that empties out into the Arabian Sea from the Rann of Kutch, is not very major - involving 100-150 sq. km. of a swamp that remains flooded through half the year. [...] "Sir Creek is just a piece of marshy land of little consequence," says former Navy chief Arun Prakash, "of far greater significance is the need to demarcate the maritime boundary between India and Pakistan." According to him, we should place the Sir Creek issue "in cold storage" and work out a way to determine our maritime boundary because under the UN Convention on the Laws of the Sea (UNCLOS), India and Pakistan can claim up to 350 nautical miles (648 km) of exclusive economic zone out into the sea. But if they fail, theoretically a third party could step in and make a claim.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-11-30): The Sir Creek (location coordinates 23 58N 68 48E) consists of 96-km strip (Fig: 3) of water. It can also be called a fluctuating tidal channel or an estuary situated in the marshes of Rann of Kutch, water from which flows into the Arabian Sea. It divides Kutch region in Gujrat state of India and the Sindh region of Pakistan. Originally named Ban Ganga, Sir Creek is named after a British representative involved in the dispute resolution process.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of Pakistan (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2005-01-01): P.K. Upadhyay replies: Sir Creek issue is defying solution because of the deep rooted syndrome of lack of trust in Pakistan. Unless the element of trust is restored through Pakistani actions, attitudes and utterances, any real and meaningful progress on this, as well as other issues like Siachen, looks somewhat remote. Sir Creek is an area that has not been demarcated between India and Pakistan by a clearly delineated maritime border. The Indo-Pakistan international border starts from the point where coming from the Arabian Sea Sir Creek joins the land mass. This area had not been demarcated as it had not been properly surveyed due to its being somewhat desolate and inhospitable. Nonetheless, taking advantage of a 1914 Bombay Government Resolution that sought to demarcate Sir Creek between Sindh and Kutch divisions of the Bombay state as an internal administrative measure, Pakistan began to lay claim over the entire Creek. They conveniently ignored the reality of Sindh and Kutch having become parts of two sovereign states, India and Pakistan, and thus their maritime boundary now needed to be settled as per international norms, mainly the Thalweg Doctrine, which follows the meridian principle. In fact, another resolution of the erstwhile Bombay Government adopted in 1925 did install mid-channel pillars in Sir Creek. Pakistan does not agree with India since an acceptance of these provisions would lead to redrawing of the maritime boundary in the area, re-delineation of the Exclusive Economic Zone and other fishing areas in the Arabian Sea. This could be detrimental to Pakistani hopes as it anticipates the presence of hydro-carbon resources in the area.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-28): Sir Creek (/sər ˈkrik/ sər KREEK), originally Ban Ganga,[1] is a 96 km (60 mi) tidal estuary in the uninhabited marshlands of the Indus River Delta on the border between India and Pakistan. The creek flows into the Arabian Sea and separates Gujarat state in India from Sindh province in Pakistan.[2] The long-standing India-Pakistan Sir Creek border dispute stems from the demarcation "from the mouth of Sir Creek to the top of Sir Creek, and from the top of Sir Creek eastward to a point on the line designated on the Western Terminus".[2][3] From this point onward, the boundary is unambiguously fixed as defined by the Tribunal Award of 1968.[4] [...] Sir Creek lies just to the west of the Great Rann of Kutch area of India. On the Indian side, Sir Creek is one of the six main creeks in this area, the others being Vian Wari Creek (Vianbari and Viyanbari), Pir Sanai, Pabevari, Padala (16 km (9.9 mi) southeast from Sir Creek), and easternmost Kori (34 km (21 mi) southeast from Sir Creek).[7][5] All of these creeks are within the undisputed territory of India, except the westernmost creek, Sir Creek, which is claimed by both India and Pakistan. These evershifting creeks exit Indian territory, enter Pakistan, re-enter India, and vice versa, creating a hard-to-patrol, marshy wetland border with no physical barrier or fencing.[5]
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2012-06-18): India, Pakistan discuss Sir Creek - Published [...] The talks in the Indian capital, Delhi, focus on Sir Creek, a narrow marsh area between the two countries. [...] India says the creek boundary should be in the middle of the estuary, while Pakistan says the border should lie on the south-east bank.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-11-20): What is Sir Creek Issue between India and Pakistan? [...] The issue between India and Pakistan over Sir Creek is the interpretation of boundary between Sindh and Kutch. The region was under the jurisdiction of Bombay Presidency during British rule. After independence, Kutch came under India and Sindh under Pakistan. But Pakistan claims entire creek as per the agreement signed between Rao Maharaj of Kutch and Government of Sindh in 1914. [...] Sir Creek is a 96-km long water strip in the marshlands of Rann of Kutch. It was earlier called Ban Ganga. Later it was named after Sir Creek, a British representative to India. The Creek opens into Arabian Sea.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2015-07-01): Sir Creek is approx 60 km strip of water counter-claimed between Pakistan and India in the Rann of Kutch (RoK) marshlands. The creek, which opens up into the Arabian Sea, divides the Kutch region of the Indian state of Gujarat with the Sindh province of Pakistan. History of the Sir Sir Creek is approx 60 km strip of water counter-claimed between Pakistan and India in the Rann of Kutch (RoK) marshlands. The creek, which opens up into the Arabian Sea, divides the Kutch region of the Indian state of Gujarat with the Sindh province of Pakistan. History of the Sir Creek issue dates back to pre-partition (1843) between the princely state of Kutch and Government of Sindh, which was amicably resolved by the Bombay Government Resolution of 1914 in the form of Map number B44. The Rao of Kutch at that time agreed to the resolution, accordingly the Government of India approved the ratification of boundary as per the recommendation of Bombay government. The Indo-Pakistan Western Boundary Tribunal (Rann of Kutch) between India and Pakistan was constituted pursuant to the agreement of June 30, 1965. While settling the Rann of Kutch boundary, it left the Sir Creek part of the boundary out of consideration as the Map B-44 of resolution 1914 authoritatively showed the boundary demarcation on East Bank. Since 1968, India has been trying to cast shadows on this otherwise lucid boundary demarcation.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-03-11): Sir Creek is a 96-km strip of water disputed between India and Pakistan in the Rann of Kutch marshlands. - Originally named Ban Ganga, Sir Creek is named after a British representative. [...] Apart from strategic location, Sir Creek’s core importance is fishing resources. Sir Creek is considered to be among the largest fishing grounds in Asia.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-12-26): - Sir Creek: It is a 96 km long strip of water disputed between India and Pakistan in the Rann of Kutch marshlands. [...] - The International Boundary in the Sir Creek area and International Maritime Boundary line (IMBL) between India and Pakistan have not been demarcated.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2020-05-07): Sir Creek - Sir Creek is a 96-km strip of water disputed between India and Pakistan in the Rann of Kutch marshlands. Originally named Ban Ganga, Sir Creek is named after a British representative. [...] The Genesis - The marshland of Sir Creek first became disputed in the early 20th century when the Rao of Kutch and the Chief Commissioner of Sindh Province of British India, due to different perceptions of the boundaries, laid claims over the creek. [...] - Pakistan, however, claims that Sir Creek isn’t navigable but India claims that since it’s navigable in high tide, the boundary should be drawn from the mid channel.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2016-08-16): Here is all you need to know about the dispute of Sir Creek between Pakistan and India. [...] Sir Creek is a 96-km strip of water disputed between India and Pakistan in the Rann of Kutch marshlands. Originally named Ban Ganga, Sir Creek is named after a British representative. The Creek opens up in the Arabian Sea and roughly divides the Kutch region of Gujarat from the Sindh Province of Pakistan. [...] The marshland of Sir Creek first became disputed in the early 20th century when the Rao of Kutch and the Chief Commissioner of Sindh Province of British India, due to different perceptions of the boundaries, laid claims over the creek. The case was taken up by then Government of Bombay, which conducted a survey and mandated its verdict in 1914. This verdict has two contradictory paragraphs, which make the India and Pakistan contenders on the same issue. Paragraph 9 of this verdict states that the boundary between Kutch and Sindh lies ‘to the east of the Creek,’ (Green Line) which effectively implied that the creek belonged to Sindh and, therefore, to Pakistan.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-05-30): Sir Creek is a 96km estuary that lies between Kutch in Gujarat and Pakistan’s Sindh province. Sir Creek is known for its quality seafood. But it is also a disputed land. India claims the boundary should lie in the middle of the creek. Pakistan claims the boundary should lie in the eastern bank, closer to India. The fishermen of Sir Creek are often caught in this crossfire.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-30): Sir Creek [edit]Sir Creek is a 96 km (60 mi) tidal estuary in the uninhabited marshlands of the Indus River Delta on the border between India and Pakistan. It flows into the Arabian Sea and separates Gujarat state in India from Sindh province in Pakistan.[40] The long-standing India-Pakistan Sir Creek border dispute stems from the demarcation "from the mouth of Sir Creek to the top of Sir Creek, and from the top of Sir Creek eastward to a point on the line designated on the Western Terminus".[40][41] From this point onward, the boundary is unambiguously fixed as defined by the Tribunal Award of 1968.[42] [...] - ^ a b "The troubled waters of Sir Creek: Gujarat CM's demand for a freeze on the disputed creek complicates issue, dated 16 December 2012". India Today. 16 December 2012. Retrieved 29 Dec 2019. [...] - ^ "Pakistan unveils new political map of country; shows Junagarh, Manavdar and Sir Creek areas of Gujarat as Pakistani territory". DeshGujarat. 4 August 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
Claim: Sir Creek is a territory of India (Sir Creek, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2005-01-01): Sir Creek, the 17th and last drainage branch of the river Indus, is a meandering riverine feature approximately 92 km (50 NM) long in the low-lying marshy region of Rann of Kutch. The Sir Creek boundary dispute between India and Pakistan is rooted in differing interpretations of the 1914 resolution passed by the Government of Bombay (GoB) or Bombay Residency. Pakistan claims that the international boundary runs along the east bank of Sir Creek, as depicted in the map appended to the GoB resolution (dotted line in Figure 1), whereas India claims that the boundary runs mid-channel on the ‘Thalweg’ principle, based on a more holistic interpretation of the related correspondence and the developments thereafter (dashed line in Figure 1).