copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): Referring to UN resolutions that Spain relied upon to forward its argument that sovereignty of Gibraltar should be given to Madrid, Picarod called them ‘legally worthless.’ "Every year we hear the Spanish representative […] talk about resolutions of the General Assembly, adopted more than half a century ago, which they say support their sovereignty claim over our homeland," he told the Fourth Committee, also known as the Committee on Decolonisation. [...] He concluded by telling the committee that ‘Gibraltar cannot legally be decolonised [and integrated] into Spain.’ "In fact, such an action would not amount to decolonisation – it would result in the recolonisation of Gibraltar, but by a different colonial power!" [...] Gibraltar has been listed as a ‘non-self-governing’ territory since 1946, despite the fact that its 1969 constitution granted it its own Parliament, House of Assembly, Executive Council and a Bill of Rights.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-08): Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory, located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, is the subject of a territorial claim by Spain. It was captured in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714). The Spanish Crown formally ceded the territory in perpetuity to the British Crown in 1713, under Article X of the Treaty of Utrecht. Spain later attempted to recapture the territory during the thirteenth siege (1727) and the Great Siege (1779–1783). British sovereignty over Gibraltar was confirmed in later treaties signed in Seville (1729) and the Treaty of Paris (1783). [...] The Gibraltar Government has also argued that Gibraltar is a British territory and therefore by definition not an integral part of any other state, implying that Spain's territorial integrity cannot be affected by anything that occurs in Gibraltar: "Even if integration of a territory was demanded by an interested State it could not be had without ascertaining the freely expressed will of the people, the very sine qua non of all decolonisation." [...] - History of Gibraltar - Gibraltar es español
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-12-19): Covering an area of only 6.7 sq. km, the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar is located at the southern edge of the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe. Previously a part of Spain, the British gained control of this strategic plot of land in 1704 and have held on to it ever since. The territory consists mostly of military installations that are used by the British including a naval dockyard and airforce base that doubles as a civilian airport. The only other nation that borders Gibraltar is of course Spain. That being said, Gibraltar is so close to North Africa that you can physically see Morocco from across the water with the naked eye. [...] Being an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, Gibraltar has no major administrative divisions. However, it is divided into a total of 7 Major Residential Areas. In alphabetical order, these Major Residential Areas are East Side, North District, Reclamation Areas, Sandpits Area, South District, Town Area, and Upper Town. [...] The British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar is located at the southern edge of the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe. It is geographically positioned both in the Northern and Western hemispheres of the Earth. The territory overlooks the Strait of Gibraltar, which connects the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean. Gibraltar is bordered by the country of Spain in the north.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-08-07): Spain and the UK continue to spar over the territory. In 2009, for example, a dispute over Gibraltar's claim to territorial waters extending out three miles gave rise to periodic non-violent maritime confrontations between Spanish and UK naval patrols. Spain renewed its demands for an eventual return of Gibraltar to Spanish control after the UK’s 2016 vote to leave the EU, but London has dismissed any connection between the vote and its sovereignty over Gibraltar.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-12-12): Humanities › Geography › Country Information › Geography of Gibraltar Print InterNetwork Media/ Photodisc/ Getty Images Geography Country Information Basics Physical Geography Political Geography Population Key Figures & Milestones Maps Urban Geography By Amanda Briney Amanda Briney Geography Expert M.A., Geography, California State University - East Bay B.A., English and Geography, California State University - Sacramento Amanda Briney, M.A., is a professional geographer. She holds a Certificate of Advanced Study in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) from California State University. Learn about our Editorial Process Updated on December 12, 2019 Gibraltar is a British overseas territory that is located to the south of Spain on the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula. Gibraltar is a peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea with an area of just 2.6 square miles (6.8 sq km) and throughout its history, the Strait of Gibraltar (the narrow strip of water between it and Morocco) has been an important "chokepoint." This is because the narrow channel is easy to cut off from other areas thereby having the ability to "choke" off transit in times of conflict. Because of this, there have often been disagreements about who controls Gibraltar.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-05-19): The British overseas territory of Gibraltar, a limestone outcrop on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula, occupies a commanding position at the western gateway to the Mediterranean Sea. [...] Gibraltar's 1969 constitution states that there can be no transfer of sovereignty to Spain against the wishes of locals. In a 2002 referendum Gibraltarians resoundingly rejected the idea of joint sovereignty. [...] 2014 - Declassified documents show former King Juan Carlos of Spain told Britain in 1982 that it was not in his country's "interest to recover Gibraltar in the near future" as it would trigger Moroccan claims to the Spanish territories of Ceuta and Melilla.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-01-09): Gibraltar is an Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom. This means it shares the British King and has the protection of the British Armed Forces. It is in southwest Europe on the Mediterranean Sea. About 32,000 people live there. They are called Gibraltarians. [...] History [change | change source]Gibraltar was named for a general who led the Umayyad conquest of Hispania. It belonged to Spain between the years 1501 and 1704, and it was captured by a group of Dutch and British marines during the War of the Spanish Succession (1704). In 1713, Spain signed the Treaty of Utrecht. This treaty ended the war and said Gibraltar would be British permanently. However, according to this treaty, if the Crown of Great Britain ever wants to leave the territory, the Crown of Spain will have a prior position in order to claim the sovereignty. [...] National anthem: name: "Gibraltar Anthem" ... note: adopted 1994; serves as a local anthem; because Gibraltar is a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" remains official (see United Kingdom)
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-01-01): Spain and the UK continue to spar over the territory. Throughout 2009, a dispute over Gibraltar's claim to territorial waters extending out three miles gave rise to periodic non-violent maritime confrontations between Spanish and UK naval patrols and in 2013, the British reported a record number of entries by Spanish vessels into waters claimed by Gibraltar following a dispute over Gibraltar's creation of an artificial reef in those waters. Spain renewed its demands for an eventual return of Gibraltar to Spanish control after the UK’s June 2016 vote to leave the EU, but London has dismissed any connection between the vote and its continued sovereignty over Gibraltar.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-08-29): The Rock has now had its status reaffirmed - Boris Johnson described it as a "huge accolade" celebrating its "rich history and dynamism". Gibraltar has been a British overseas territory since 1713, when it was ceded to Britain under a peace treaty signed following the War of the Spanish Succession. [...] Gibraltar is one of only five outside the UK to be recognised. Hamilton in Bermuda, Jamestown in Saint Helena, and Douglas on the Isle of Man were already on the list, while Stanley in the Falklands Islands was among those named for the Jubilee this year.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2016-05-09): Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory located on the southern end of the Iberian peninsula. It has an area of 6.7 km2 and shares its northern border with Spain. The Rock of Gibraltar is the major landmark of the region. At its foot is a densely populated city area, home to over 30,000 Gibraltarians and other nationalities. An Anglo-Dutch force captured Gibraltar from Spain in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession on behalf of the Habsburg pretender to the Spanish throne. The territory was subsequently ceded to Britain "in perpetuity" under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. During World War II it was an important base for the Royal Navy as it controlled the entrance and exit to the Mediterranean Sea, which is only 13 km wide at this point. Today Gibraltar's economy is based largely on tourism, online gambling, financial services, and shipping. The sovereignty of Gibraltar is a major point of contention in Anglo-Spanish relations as Spain asserts a claim to the territory. Gibraltarians overwhelmingly rejected proposals for Spanish sovereignty in a 1967 referendum and again in 2002. Under the Gibraltar constitution of 2006, Gibraltar governs its own affairs, though some powers, such as defence and foreign relations, remain the responsibility of the Government of the United Kingdom.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-04-04): - Gibraltar is a British overseas territory sitting near the southwestern tip of Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. [...] - Spain does not acknowledge British sovereignty in Gibraltar. In addition to the economic and strategic benefits of the territory, Spain also points to the region’s historic ties with Spain. - Gibraltar was a part of the Kingdom of Castile, and later Spain, from 1492 until the Treaty of Utrecht in 1714. Prior to that, Gibraltar (and most of the rest of the Iberian Peninsula) was part of al-Andalus, or Moorish Spain. (The Moors were Muslim communities originally from North Africa.)
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (1998-10-07): P.R.CARUANA, Chief Minister of Gibraltar, said his delegation was once again appearing before the Committee to reassert the Territory's right to self-determination and to rebut the arguments of Spain in its attempt to obtain sovereignty over Gibraltar against the democratic wishes of the people. The delegation also sought from the United Nations a clear acknowledgement and declaration of the applicability of the principle of self-determination as the only principle relevant to the decolonization of Gibraltar. He said the people of Gibraltar were not Spanish and did not wish to be part of the Spanish State. The facts about Gibraltar and its people spoke for themselves. He said he would welcome United Nations visits to the Territory and recalled earlier invitations extended to the Committee. [...] The people of Gibraltar had the right to decide their own future, he said. The exercise of self-determination could not be advanced in bilateral dialogue between the United Kingdom and Spain. Only respect for Gibraltar's right to self-determination could bring about the decolonization of the Territory in accordance with the spirit of the Charter and the Committee's recommendation to the General Assembly should reflect that.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-04-16): Gibraltar: A Bite of Britain in Spain [...] By Rick StevesWhen in southern Spain, I can't resist popping into the British colony of Gibraltar. Gibraltar is hardly signposted in Spain, as if Spain wishes the British colony didn't exist. (Drivers follow highway signs to La Línea, the last Spanish town before the border.) But when you see that famous "Rock of Prudential" standing boldly above the sea, you know it's here to stay. The 30,000 people living along a 2.5-mile lip of land under the famous and strategic rock are happily English. And quirky Gibraltar is determinedly not Spanish. But while over 90 percent of its citizens chose to stay with Britain in a 2002 referendum, almost 96 percent chose to stay with the European Union during the 2016 Brexit referendum, showing the complicated position the colony faces going forward.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-05-30): The Gibraltar-Spain border is a busy external Schengen border and Gibraltar is outside the Customs Union. [...] If you are crossing the land border from Gibraltar into Spain, read Spain travel advice for the latest entry requirements, particularly the evidence you may need to show at border control. Some travellers have not been able to provide the full documentation asked of them and have had their travel plans disrupted. [...] Gibraltar is not part of the EU Customs Union. If you travel from Gibraltar to Spain, declare any duty-free goods to Spanish customs officers.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-10-18): By the terms of "Question of Gibraltar" (document A/C.4/78/L.3), the General Assembly would urge the Governments of Spain and the United Kingdom to reach a definitive solution and take note of the United Kingdom’s desire to continue with the trilateral Forum for Dialogue. It would also take note of Spain’s position that that Forum no longer exists and should be replaced with a new mechanism for local cooperation in which the people of the Campo de Gibraltar and Gibraltar are represented. [...] Rejecting Spain’s claim over the Territory, he said that Gibraltar cannot be transferred from one colonial power to another. He warned against a "recolonization" process and emphasizing the Territory’s wish to be removed from the list of Non-Self-Governing Territories. [...] Gibraltar is a multicultural society and Gibraltarians are "separate and distinct people from the administering Power", he said, rejecting Spain’s claim over the Territory. Highlighting Gibraltar’s significant economic impact on its neighbouring region, particularly in terms of employment and trade, he said that the Territory and the United Kingdom are collaborating on a treaty to protect its economic relationship with the European Union and Spain. Gibraltar cannot be transferred from an existing colonial power to a new one, he said, warning against a "recolonization" process. In conclusion, he urged the UN and the Fourth Committee to map out a path for Gibraltar’s decolonization.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2013-08-07): Why is Gibraltar a British territory?
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2014-05-11): The Squabble That Never Ends: Britain and Spain Duel Over Gibraltar One recent morning, a mile-long line of cars waited to cross the international border separating Spain from Britain's Rock of Gibraltar. Spanish border guards were stopping every car, resulting in long lines that could take up to six hours to cross. [...] To Spain, Gibraltar is just that — a colony — left over from the British Empire. It's a peninsula physically attached to Spain, so it should belong to Spain — or so the thinking in Madrid goes.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-09-29): José Moñino y Redondo, Count of Floridablanca and Spain’s minister of foreign affairs, understood the prospect of the American colonies remaining under British control jeopardized the survival of both Spanish and French assets in the Americas.8 Vergennes made this point to Floridablanca in order to entice the Spanish to enter the war. Initially, Floridablanca rejected this offer, seeing an opportunity to regain Gibraltar, a desirable territory that Spain lost to Great Britain during the War of Spanish Succession. Spain would remain neutral if Great Britain returned Gibraltar. Great Britain, however, rejected this proposal, which, in turn, motivated Spain to join the war in hopes of regaining its lost territory.9After France declared war on Great Britain in February 1778, the Spanish had the upper hand in negotiations as France was desperate for their aid. In return for Spanish participation in the war, Floridablanca insisted France pledge its assistance in retrieving the lost Spanish territories of Gibraltar and Minorca and help expel British forces from the Gulf Coast region of North America and Central America.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Gibraltar, British overseas territory occupying a narrow peninsula of Spain’s southern Mediterranean coast, just northeast of the Strait of Gibraltar, on the east side of the Bay of Gibraltar (Bay of Algeciras), and directly south of the Spanish city of La Línea. It is 3 miles (5 km) long and 0.75 mile (1.2 km) wide and is connected to Spain by a low, sandy isthmus that is 1 mile (1.6 km) long. Its name is derived from Arabic: Jabal Ṭāriq (Mount Tarik), honouring Ṭāriq ibn Ziyād, who captured the peninsula in 711. Gibraltar is a heavily fortified British air and naval base that guards the Strait of Gibraltar, which is the only entrance to the Mediterranean Sea from the Atlantic Ocean. Since the 18th century, Gibraltar has been a symbol of British naval strength, and it is commonly known in that context as "the Rock."
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2023-01-01): EU country / Territories related with EU countries [...] This is because EU countries are obliged to treat goods from these territories the same as goods coming from outside the EU. [...] In these territories, national rules apply: EU country may choose not to apply any VAT, to apply different VAT rates under different conditions than in the rest of its territory or to apply the same VAT rates as in the rest of its territory.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Gibraltar is a colony. Since the 1960s, it has been on the United Nations list of "Non-Self-Governing Territories awaiting decolonisation". This colonial vestige is incompatible with resolution 1514 (XV) of 1960 on decolonisation. The United Nations has pointed out that, in the decolonisation process of Gibraltar, the applicable principle is not that of self-determination of peoples but rather that of restitution of Spanish territorial integrity. Spain has repeatedly asked the United Kingdom to enter into negotiations, in compliance with the provisions of the United Nations since 1965, to reach a definitive solution to this dispute. Gibraltar was ceded to the United Kingdom by the Treaty of Utrecht. However, only "the city and castle of Gibraltar together with its port, defences and fortresses belonging to it" were ceded. The isthmus, like the adjacent waters or the overlying airspace, was not ceded by Spain and has always remained under Spanish sovereignty. The continued de facto occupation by the British does not meet the requirements of international law for the acquisition of sovereignty. That is why Spain has always stressed that the occupation of the isthmus is illegal and contrary to international law and, therefore, has always demanded its unconditional return. Spain does not recognise the occupation of the isthmus or the fence as a border.
Claim: Gibraltar is a territory of Spain (Gibraltar, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-16): Led by Manchester City midfielder Rodri, players and supporters sung "Gibraltar is Spanish" at Plaza Cibeles in the capital city after beating England 2-1 in the Euro 2024 final the day before. Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory but Spain, which shares a 1.2 kilometre land border with the sovereignty, also asserts a claim to the territory. [...] It remains officially a British Overseas Territory, but the Spanish government say "it is not an integral part of the U.K; it is a British colony in Spanish territory and Spain wishes this territory to be returned."
Claim: Rockall is a territory of United Kingdom (Rockall, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-02): Rockall (/ˈrɒkɔːl/) is an uninhabitable granite islet in the North Atlantic Ocean. The United Kingdom claims that Rockall lies within its territorial sea[1] and is part of its territory, but this claim is not recognised by Ireland.[2][3] It and the nearby skerries of Hasselwood Rock and Helen's Reef are the only emergent parts of the Rockall Plateau. The rock was formed by magmatism as part of the North Atlantic Igneous Province during the Paleogene. [...] The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland claims Rockall along with a 12-nautical-mile-radius (22 km) territorial sea around the islet inside the country's exclusive economic zone (EEZ).[1] The UK also claims "a circle of UK sovereign airspace over the islet of Rockall".[1] The UK claimed Rockall on 18 September 1955 when "Two Royal Marines and a civilian naturalist, led by Royal Navy officer Lieutenant Commander Desmond Scott, raised a Union flag on the islet and cemented a plaque into the rock".[88] Prior to this Rockall was legally terra nullius.[89] In 1972, the British Island of Rockall Act formally annexed Rockall to the United Kingdom.[89] In May 2017, declassified documents revealed that the 1955 decision to claim the rock as UK territory was motivated by worries that it could otherwise be used by "hostile agents" to spy on the future South Uist missile testing range.[90]
Claim: Rockall is a territory of United Kingdom (Rockall, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2019-06-11): Rockall is an eroded granite volcane that sits some 230 miles west of the Outer Hebrides and measures only 100ft (30 metres) wide and 70ft (21 metres) high above the sea, says the BBC. Over the years, several attempts have been made by adventurers to live on the tiny island but none have succeeded. Rockall gives its name to one of the 31 weather areas around the British Isles, familiar from the Shipping Forecast programme on BBC Radio 4. The UK claimed sovereignty of Rockall in 1955 – sometimes said to be the last action of British colonialism – and made it part of Scotland in 1972. In 2012, the UK government observed: "No other state has disputed our claim to the islet."