copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2022-11-17): By — Associated Press Associated Press Leave your feedback Share Copy URL https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/watch-live-dhs-fbi-heads-testify-before-senate-following-report-on-threat-of-domestic-extremists Email Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Pinterest Tumblr Share on Facebook Share on Twitter WATCH: DHS, FBI heads testify before Senate on China surveillance inside the U.S. Politics Nov 17, 2022 10:17 AM EDT During a Senate hearing on threats to the U.S. homeland, FBI Director Christopher Wray was quizzed about Chinese efforts to use their own police to surveil dissidents inside the United States. Watch the hearing in the player above. "It’s been reported that the Chinese Communist Party is operating police stations in the United States in an effort to surveil Chinese dissidents," said Republican Sen. Rick Scott of Florida. "Seems obvious the US shouldn’t allow its most significant geopolitical rival, an oppressive Communist regime, to establish police stations in the U.S.," Scott said. "What authority or jurisdiction does the CCP have in the U.S.?" "I’m very concerned about this," Wray said. "We are aware of the existence of these stations." "The reason this is so important is because we have seen a clear pattern of the Chinese government, the Chinese Communist Party, exporting their repression right here into the U.S," Wray said.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2023-05-04): The claim: Video shows Sen. Josh Hawley chastising FBI director and presenting proof of Chinese spying [...] 'WHY DIDN'T YOU STOP THEM-' Wray SWEAT at hearing after Josh Hawley's 'China s.pying' proof," reads the video's caption. [...] During the exchange, Wray testifies that Chinese spying is an "ongoing threat" in academic research settings. However, the social media video does not show him or Hawley, a Missouri Republican, presenting evidence related to spying. Rather, Hawley asks Wray a series of questions about the FBI's efforts to curb espionage.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2024-03-13): FBI Director Christopher Wray has also publicly testified about his concerns about the app, including during an appearance last week at a Senate hearing on worldwide threats to U.S. security. In that testimony, Wray told members of the Senate Intelligence Committee that the Chinese government could use the app to control software on millions of devices, among other concerns.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2022-03-21): The Trump Administration’s forays into academia, where the distinction between routine coöperation and impropriety can be nebulous, proved more troublesome than officials may have expected. The D.O.J. had been emboldened by the successful prosecution of more straightforward cases of industrial espionage. In 2013, Xu Yanjun, a senior operative in Jiangsu Province’s Ministry for State Security, reached out, under various aliases, to experts at American aerospace companies, offering them paid travel expenses and stipends to give presentations at Chinese universities. In 2017, he narrowed in on an employee at G.E. Aviation, seeking information related to composite fan blades used in jet engines, which the Chinese had been unable to replicate. The employee contacted the F.B.I., which instructed him to hand over dummy documents and eventually to arrange a meeting in Belgium, where Xu was arrested. For the Administration, such activity was only the most visible aspect of a more submerged menace. In 2018, Christopher Wray, the director of the F.B.I., testified before the Senate that China represented a "whole-of-society threat," and that its intelligence efforts were now exploiting "nontraditional collectors—especially in the academic setting, whether it’s professors, scientists, students."
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2021-03-20): Davidson, Helen. "China hacking poses 'significant threat' to US Covid-19 response, says FBI." The Guardian, May 14, 2020. According to the FBI and the Department of Homeland Security, organizations researching on COVID-19 may be targeted by computer hackers linked to the Chinese government. [...] Miller, Maggie. "House Republicans urge Trump to take action against Chinese hackers targeting coronavirus research." The Hill, July 20, 2020. Top GOP leaders in the House wrote a letter to Trump, urging the President to take action including levying sanctions on China-backed hackers. On July 7, the FBI director Chrsitopher Wray said, "at this very moment, China is working to compromise American health care organizations, pharmaceutical companies and academic institutions conducting essential COVID-19 research."
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2019-11-07): Sen. Josh Hawley pressed the witnesses on a related problem he believes receives too little attention: the practice of U.S. companies storing large amounts of consumer and corporate data in China. Wray noted that the bureau is deeply concerned about this practice because Chinese laws require that the communist government have sweeping access to data stored in the country. Senators turned their focus next to the issue of Chinese counterintelligence operations and theft of American intellectual property. Pointing to Canada’s arrest of Huawei’s chief financial officer, Meng Wanzhou, Sen. Ron Johnson asked whether the U.S. government should direct law enforcement to deny entry into the U.S. for management-level officials in Chinese companies. While acknowledging the important role law enforcement plays in countering China and holding it accountable for intellectual property theft, Wray stressed that a more effective counterintelligence strategy would integrate trade, diplomacy and engagement from the private sector and academic institutions. To minimize the success of Chinese counterintelligence, the FBI director contended that companies should fire individuals who violate the terms of their contract by stealing U.S. secrets or intellectual property, and that universities should terminate researchers who do the same. The FBI, Wray continued, is "more forward-leaning" now than it has previously been in providing universities and private sector entities with detailed information about the Chinese threat. The hope is that companies and universities will voluntarily begin to protect themselves from Chinese assets and exploitation.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2022-12-21): In a speech earlier this month at the University of Michigan, FBI director Christopher Wray warned of another peril, saying that the presence of TikTok software on millions of smartphones could give China "the ability to engage in malicious cyber activity." For example, intelligence agents might identify a high-value target who uses TikTok, then secretly activate their phone’s video camera or microphone to record that person’s activities. Wray also warned that TikTok could be used to conduct "influence operations" like those run by Russia in an effort to tamper with US elections. TikTok’s algorithms could be tweaked to send US viewers a steady stream of pro-Chinese news stories, or videos that disparage the United States.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2023-03-22): Beyond access to data, the CCP’s likely control over TikTok’s algorithm—originally designed using ByteDance’s algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) models—raises questions about the app’s potential to be actively manipulated by CCP-linked actors.REF During divestment talks with Oracle in 2020, ByteDance representatives reportedly indicated that they would not surrender TikTok’s source code to the U.S. company and would instead retain it in China.REF After all, the CCP would have much to lose if ByteDance transferred the algorithm to an American company. FBI Director Christopher Wray appeared to explain why in a public speech more than two years later, asserting that the Chinese government both controls ByteDance and has the "ability to control the recommendation algorithm."REF In a later hearing in front of the Senate Intelligence Committee in 2023, Director Wray testified that the Chinese government could control the software and data of millions of users who have TikTok on their devices, as well as spread propaganda within America.REF Given the CCP’s authoritarian track record, it is naive to believe that it has not taken advantage of these capabilities.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2023-01-26): FBI Director Chris Wray purports to see in this successful algorithm a national security threat, not good old-fashioned free enterprise. China's government, he asserts, could "control the recommendation algorithm, which could be used for influence operations." Note that Wray does not assert that China's government currently controls the recommendation algorithm—it doesn't. No TikTok critics have provided any examples of this happening, and no TikTok users complain about it. Wray has no scientific basis for believing that a recommendation algorithm on one app can alter the political environment of an entire country. Wray's scenario is self-defeating. Retooling the algorithm to recommend the messages of the CCP in defiance of user preferences would undermine the very thing that makes TikTok popular. CCP propaganda is not what the vast majority of TikTok's user base wants to see. Not many Americans get their endorphins from videos of Xi or militant images of Chinese nationalism.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2022-08-04): FBI Director Christopher Wray refused to answer legislators’ questions about his agency’s history of corruption and cover-ups and instead doubled down on defending the FBI’s actions against U.S. citizens during a Senate Judiciary hearing on Thursday. [...] "Director Wray, simply put, the FBI’s credibility is on the line, as are principles that helped found and sustain our great nation," Grassley said in his opening statement. [...] Deflection and dodging quickly became the name of Wray’s game. Wray wouldn’t answer Republican Sen. Josh Hawley’s questions about why the FBI is demanding the personal information of concealed carry permit owners despite state laws prohibiting local law enforcement from turning that over. Nor would he answer Hawley’s questions about why the federal government reportedly did not vet hundreds of Afghan evacuees who were on various terrorist watch lists.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2023-12-06): WASHINGTON (AP) — FBI Director Christopher Wray called Tuesday for the reauthorization of a U.S. government surveillance tool set to expire at the end of the year, warning Senate lawmakers that there would be "devastating" consequences for public safety if the program is allowed to lapse. [...] Testifying before the Senate Judiciary Committee, FBI Director Christopher Wray says it’s vital that Congress reauthorize Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. The fact that Wray devoted a significant portion of his prepared remarks to the Senate Judiciary Committee to the issue underscores its importance to the FBI, particularly at a time when the Israel-Hamas war has raised heightened concern about the possibility of extremist violence on U.S. soil and contributed to threats being at a "whole other level" since the Oct. 7 attacks.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2023-02-07): FBI Director Christopher Wray said TikTok poses "national security concerns" at a House Homeland Security Committee hearing in November.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2023-10-31): FBI Director Christopher Wray, Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas, and National Counterterrorism Center Director Christine Abiza… read more FBI Director Christopher Wray, Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas, and National Counterterrorism Center Director Christine Abizaid testified on threats to the homeland before the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee. Director Wray said foreign terrorist organizations, such as al-Qaeda, ISIS, and Hezbollah, were calling for attacks on the United States and the West amid the Israel-Hamas war. Senators also asked about rising levels of antisemitic and Islamophobic violence as this war continued. Secretary Mayorkas called for Congress to pass President Biden’s new funding request for the Homeland Security Department in order to more effectively handle fentanyl trafficking and high levels of migration. close [...] FBI Director Christopher Wray urges members of the Jewish community concerned about possible attacks amid a spike in ant… - 1 minute - 1,372 views
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2020-09-24): Mr. Wray. Certainly, as you reference, we are seeing very aggressive activity by the Chinese and in some cases by others to target our COVID-related research, whether it is vaccines, treatments, testing technology, et cetera. Sometimes you can almost--without being too descriptive in an open setting, we can almost see, track like a news report from some company or research institution that is announcing or revealing some progress, because, of course, a lot of this is getting discussed in the media, and then almost within days, we will see cyber targeting that ties back to Chinese actors focusing on those institutions. And so that is why we, working with DHS, thought it was so important to put out information. [...] Mr. Wray. Of course, what you are raising there is the very important question of attribution, and the standards that the intelligence community uses for attribution are different than, say, maybe the private sector might use. But as I sometimes say, nothing says attribution like an indictment. As you know, we have brought some significant indictments against Chinese hackers that do tie back to the Ministry of State Security (MSS) specifically on a number of occasions, and these are targeting not just American companies, American research institutions, but also similar institutions among some of our closest allies, and targeting personally identifiable information (PII), of Americans. Chinese hackers have essentially stolen the PII of about half the adult population of the United States.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2020-05-04): "FBI has 1,000 investigations into Chinese intellectual property theft, director Christopher Wray says, calling China the most severe counter-intelligence threat to US"; and Christopher Wray, Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, "Oversight of the Federal Bureau of Investigation," Statement before the Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate, July 23, 2019, https://www.fbi.gov/news/testimony/oversight-of-the-federal-bureau-of-investigation-072319. ↩ - "A Conversation With Christopher Wray," CFR.org, April 26, 2019, https://www.cfr.org/event/conversation-christopher-wray-0. ↩ - Andrew Chongseh Kim, "Prosecuting Chinese ‘Spies’: An Empirical Analysis of the Economic Espionage Act," Cardozo Law Review, 40 no. 2 (December 2018), http://cardozolawreview.com/prosecuting-chinese-spies-an-empirical-analysis-of-the-economic-espionage-act/. ↩ - Mary Sue Coleman and Peter McPherson, "Responding to Undue Foreign Influence and Security Concerns on Campus," Association of American Universities and Association of Public & Land-Grant Universities, memo, April 22, 2019, https://www.aau.edu/sites/default/files/AAU%20Files/Key%20Issues/Science%20%26%20Security/AAU-APLU-Effective-Practices-Memo-and-Summary.pdf. ↩ - The National Science and Technology Council established a Joint Committee on Research Environments in May 2019, with a subcommittee on research security. In September 2019, the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) published an open letter to the U.S. research community to highlight the issue of research security.
Claim: Sen. Josh Hawley shares proof of Chinese spying in hearing with FBI director Christopher Wray (Viral video, 2023-03-24)
Evidence (2023-11-15): 5 The origins of these attitudes can be dated from the end of the 115th Congress, around the time of the Trump administration’s release of its National Security Strategy and Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) director Christopher Wray’s warning about China’s threats in the United States, but the surge in legislation took until the 116th Congress to register. [...] 39 Josh Hawley, "Hawley Delivers National Security Speech ‘China and Ukraine: A Time for Truth,’" Josh Hawley, U.S. Senate, February 16, 2023, https://www.hawley.senate.gov/hawley-delivers-national-security-speech-china-and-ukraine-time-truth.
Claim: an Oxford University student named Boston Regan has become one of the youngest PhD graduates in the world. (Viral Video, 2020-02-21)
Evidence (2020-02-21): There is no record of Regan graduating from Oxford University. He appears to a fictional character invented to sell an essential oil product.
Claim: an Oxford University student named Boston Regan has become one of the youngest PhD graduates in the world. (Viral Video, 2020-02-21)
Evidence (2020-03-27): FACT CHECK: Did This Oxford University Student Become One Of The World’s Youngest PhDs? A post shared on Facebook, along with an accompanying video, claims an Oxford University student named Boston Regan has become one of the youngest PhD graduates in the world. [...] The video tells the story of an alleged Oxford University student who overcame panic attacks and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to become one of the world’s youngest PhD holders. (RELATED: Did An 11-Year-Old ‘Shark Tank’ Contestant Invent A Device To Give The World Free Wi-Fi?)
Claim: an Oxford University student named Boston Regan has become one of the youngest PhD graduates in the world. (Viral Video, 2020-02-21)
Evidence (2019-05-07): Tottenham, UK — At the age of 6, Joshua Beckford, who is living with high-functioning autism, became the youngest person to ever attend the prestigious Oxford University in England. Now 13-years old, Beckford is ready to take on more challenges as he sets his sights to be a neurosurgeon and save the earth someday. [...] In 2011, Daniel found out about a special program that Oxford University offers to children ages 8 to 13. Even though his son was just 6-years old then, he enrolled him to challenge his bright, young mind. Beckford, who was two years younger than usual applicants, then became the youngest student ever accepted at Oxford University. He took courses in philosophy and history through their online program for gifted children where he got distinctions in all of his classes and was recognized with a certificate.
Claim: an Oxford University student named Boston Regan has become one of the youngest PhD graduates in the world. (Viral Video, 2020-02-21)
Evidence (2024-06-28): Doctor of Philosophy programs at the University are typically abbreviated "DPhil" rather than PhD. Oxford also awards a Doctor of Clinical Psychology (DClinPsych) and Doctor of Medicine (DM), in addition to Dohigher doctorates such as the Doctor of Civil Law. In postnominals, "University of Oxford" is normally abbreviated "Oxon.", which is short for (Academia) Oxoniensis, or Oxf.[1]
Claim: an Oxford University student named Boston Regan has become one of the youngest PhD graduates in the world. (Viral Video, 2020-02-21)
Evidence (2021-06-03): 10 Youngest People Ever to Achieve a Doctorate Degree [...] Whatever the motivation, though, choosing the right area of study can be a tricky, but ultimately rewarding, process. If you're feeling particularly confused or just can't make up your mind, then this list of the 10 youngest students to ever achieve a doctorate is guaranteed to inspire you - or maybe kick-start your ambitions. [...] Although Kim, born in 1963, earned his PhD at the astoundingly young age of 15 and appeared in the Guinness Book of World Records for having the "Highest IQ," he is quick to point out that academic success is not always the measure of a person. "Society should not judge anyone with unilateral standards - everyone has different learning levels, hopes, talents, and dreams and we should respect that."
Claim: an Oxford University student named Boston Regan has become one of the youngest PhD graduates in the world. (Viral Video, 2020-02-21)
Evidence (2024-02-29): The University of Oxford is 19th in the world, 4th in Europe, and 3rd in the United Kingdom by aggregated alumni prominence. Below is the list of 100 notable alumni from the University of Oxford sorted by their wiki pages popularity. The directory includes famous graduates and former students along with research and academic staff. 12 individuals affiliated with the University of Oxford won Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, and Economics.
Claim: an Oxford University student named Boston Regan has become one of the youngest PhD graduates in the world. (Viral Video, 2020-02-21)
Evidence (2019-02-23): Boy with autism the youngest to attend Oxford University at age 6 [...] Living with high-functioning autism, Joshua Beckford, the child prodigy from Tottenham was, at the age of six, the youngest person ever to attend the prestigious Oxford University. He received a certificate of excellence after getting distinctions in all his courses which were part of an online learning platform for gifted children. Now 13 years old, the young scholar who has dreams of becoming a neurosurgeon was recently listed in the top 30 most remarkable people in the world with Autism who have impacted society. [...] In 2011, his father became aware of a programme at Oxford University that was specific aimed at children between the age of eight and thirteen.
Claim: an Oxford University student named Boston Regan has become one of the youngest PhD graduates in the world. (Viral Video, 2020-02-21)
Evidence (2024-10-09): The University of Oxford began to award doctorates for research in the first third of the 20th century. The first Oxford DPhil in mathematics was awarded in 1921.[59] The list of distinguished scholars at the University of Oxford is long and includes many who have made major contributions to politics, the sciences, medicine, and literature. As of October 2022, 73 Nobel laureates and more than 50 world leaders have been affiliated with the University of Oxford.[22] [...] Oxford was ranked 13th in the world in 2022 by the Nature Index, which measures the largest contributors to papers published in 82 leading journals.[207][208] It is ranked fifth best university worldwide and first in Britain for forming CEOs according to the Professional Ranking World Universities,[209] and first in the UK for the quality of its graduates as chosen by the recruiters of the UK's major companies.[210]
Claim: an Oxford University student named Boston Regan has become one of the youngest PhD graduates in the world. (Viral Video, 2020-02-21)
Evidence (2024-10-03): - ^ University of Oxford (6 December 2023). "Full Graduate Admissions Statistics, by College, for All Available Years". WhatDoTheyKnow.