copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: 82% rise in provision under SDRF (State Disaster Relief Fund) during 2015-20, as compared to 2012-15. It went up to 61,220 crore rupees from 33,580.93 crore rupees. (Govt .of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2024-10-09): The Standing Committee on Finance (Chairperson: Dr. M. Veerappa Moily) submitted its report on ‘Central Assistance for Disaster Management and Relief’ on February 13, 2019. Under the Disaster Management Act 2005, financial assistance is provided to disaster-affected states from the State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF) and the National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF). Where assistance from SDRF is insufficient, additional assistance from the NDRF is provided in case of calamities of severe nature. Key observations and recommendations made by the Committee include the following: [...] The Committee noted that 10% of the annual fund allocation of the SDRF may be used for localized state-specific natural calamities. It recommended that this 10% limit should be done away with and all expenditure towards state-specific disasters should be charged to the SDRF. The Committee recommended a 10% increase to the corpus of the SDRF to accommodate this expenditure. Given the wide gap between the funds sought by affected states and those released by the central government, the Committee recommended an annual increase of 15% (from the current 5%) in the total corpus of SDRF, for the period 2020-25. Further, it recommended that there should be a provision for automatic release of advance amounts from the NDRF in case of disasters of rare severity, to enable immediate relief work.
Claim: 82% rise in provision under SDRF (State Disaster Relief Fund) during 2015-20, as compared to 2012-15. It went up to 61,220 crore rupees from 33,580.93 crore rupees. (Govt .of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2021-09-05): Climate and weather related disasters surge five-fold over 50 years, but early warnings save lives - WMO report [...] Of the top 10 disasters, droughts proved to be the deadliest hazard during the period, causing 650,000 deaths, followed by storms that led to 577,232 deaths; floods, which took 58.700 lives; and extreme temperature events, during which 55,736 died. [...] It also calls for the development of integrated and proactive policies on slow-onset disasters such as drought.
Claim: 82% rise in provision under SDRF (State Disaster Relief Fund) during 2015-20, as compared to 2012-15. It went up to 61,220 crore rupees from 33,580.93 crore rupees. (Govt .of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2022-07-06): In today’s unpredictable world, concerns about pandemics, natural hazards, climate variability, economic fluctuations, and job security are ever-present. These uncertainties often lead us to ponder numerous "what ifs," creating a sense of apprehension. So, how do we manage these anxieties effectively? The first step is to understand the nature of the challenges we face, distinguishing between what we can influence and what is beyond our control. While we can't predict when a disaster will strike, we can certainly prepare for its impact by saving for shocks, investing in insurance, or reinforcing our infrastructure and systems. [...] However, as climate change intensifies, the stakes are getting higher. Disasters do not discriminate, impacting people of all ages and socioeconomic statuses. Yet, the consequences are not felt equally by all; those who are less prepared or more vulnerable bear a heavier burden, such as women and people with disabilities. Countries supported by the International Development Association (IDA), part of the World Bank that helps the poorest countries, are also highly vulnerable to the impacts of a changing climate and intensifying disaster risks and are often affected by fragile, conflict and violent situations. [...] Last Updated: Apr 29,2024
Claim: 82% rise in provision under SDRF (State Disaster Relief Fund) during 2015-20, as compared to 2012-15. It went up to 61,220 crore rupees from 33,580.93 crore rupees. (Govt .of India, 2018-05-26)
Evidence (2019-02-12): Has provision under SDRF increased 82%? [...] The provisions for SDRF are purely based on the recommendations of the respective finance commission. On the recommendations of 14th Finance Commission, the current government increased the allocation to SDRF from Rs. 33,580.93 crores during the years 2010-11 to 2014-15 (period of the 13th finance commission) to Rs. 61,220 crores for the years 2015-16 to 2019-20. [...] Fact The provisions for SDRF are purely based on the recommendations of the respective finance commission. On the recommendations of 14th Finance Commission, the current government increased the allocation to SDRF from Rs. 33,580.93 crores during the years 2010-11 to 2014-15 (period of the 13th finance commission) to Rs. 61,220 crores for the years 2015-16 to 2019-20. Hence the claim is TRUE.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2019-04-06): The picture was taken at the International Business Council event – 2018 in Davos, Switzerland; not in Britain. Also, the people standing are not the heads of countries but CEOs of various companies. Hence the claim made in the post is FALSE.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2018-12-08): British rule in South Asia began in Bengal between 1757 and 1765 as the British East India Company won battles, and was eventually given the legal right to collect revenue from that region by the powerless Mughal government. British power also expanded in South India, especially after their defeat of Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore in 1799.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2022-08-14): But, in the 200 years leading up to the inter-war years, Britain's imperialists seized, bought or acquired the allegiance of most of what became known as British India.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2023-11-04): British Rule or British Raj in India refers to the period of British colonialism in the Indian subcontinent. The British crown has direct control over India. They ruled from the mid-18th century until India gained independence in 1947. The rise of British power in India started in 1757 and they ruled for 200 years till 1947. The rule is known as colonialism. British rule is known for economic exploitation, political oppression, and cultural imperialism. [...] The impact of British rule in India was very deep and far-reaching. It has impacted every aspect of Indian society and culture. Let us look at the impact of British Rule in India for IAS exam. [...] We hope all your doubts related to the topic of "British Rule in India" are addressed after going through this article. Testbook provides comprehensive notes for Civil services and various other competitive examinations. It has always assured the quality of its product like content pages, live tests, GK and current affairs, mocks, and so on. Ace your UPSC preparation with Testbook. Download the Testbook App now!
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2018-07-31): After two centuries of imperial rule, the proximate cause of India’s independence was the economic damage Britain suffered after World War II — a war, it should be remembered, in which 2.5 million Indians also fought. When the time came to pack up and return home, Britain tasked a London barrister named Sir Cyril Radcliffe with drawing the lines on the map that would partition the colony into two dominions, India and Pakistan, and settle the fate of hundreds of millions of people. Radcliffe, who had never been to India before, showed little interest in the people living there, and was given just 40 days to complete his work. In a poem titled "Partition," W. H. Auden memorialized the image of an unprepared lawyer amputating an entire subcontinent:
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2024-09-24): In the later 18th century, Great Britain and France struggled for dominance, partly through proxy Indian rulers but also by direct military intervention. The defeat of the formidable Indian ruler Tipu Sultan in 1799 marginalised the French influence. This was followed by a rapid expansion of British power through the greater part of the Indian subcontinent in the early 19th century. By the middle of the century, the British had already gained direct or indirect control over almost all parts of India. British India, consisting of the directly ruled British presidencies and provinces, contained the most populous and valuable parts of the British Empire and thus became known as "the jewel in the British crown". [...] Danish [edit]Denmark–Norway held several factories in India for more than 200 years, but the Danish presence in India was of little significance to the major European powers as they presented neither a military nor a mercantile threat.[40] Denmark–Norway established trading outposts in Tranquebar, Tamil Nadu (1620); Serampore, West Bengal (1755); Calicut, Kerala (1752) and the Nicobar Islands (1750s). At one time, the main Danish and Swedish East Asia companies together imported more tea to Europe than the British did. Their outposts lost economic and strategic importance, and Tranquebar, the last Dano-Norwegian outpost, was sold to the British on 16 October 1868.[citation needed]
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2022-12-02): How did British rule cause this tremendous loss of life? There were several mechanisms. For one, Britain effectively destroyed India’s manufacturing sector. Prior to colonisation, India was one of the largest industrial producers in the world, exporting high-quality textiles to all corners of the globe. The tawdry cloth produced in England simply could not compete. This began to change, however, when the British East India Company assumed control of Bengal in 1757.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2022-08-15): 75 years after leaving British rule, India's democracy is on the line 75 years after leaving British rule, India's democracy is on the line [...] Today marks 75 years since India emerged from British rule. That freedom began with bloodshed, the partition of Colonial India into two new nations and mass migration across their shared border. Now, India has become the world's largest democracy. NPR's Lauren Frayer reports from Mumbai.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2022-08-15): In a swirl of orange, green and white, India today marks 75 years since the country became independent and ended almost 200 years of British colonial rule.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2024-03-16): History of British Rule in India – learning for travellers This article will provide a brief overview of the several wars that were fought in India at the end of the Mughal empire that transitioned… 12 Jun 19 · 9 mins read History of British Rule in India – learning for travellers
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2024-09-03): The last quarter century of the British raj was racked by increasingly violent Hindu-Muslim conflict and intensified agitation demanding Indian independence. British officials in London, as well as in New Delhi (the new capital city of British India) and Simla, tried in vain to stem the rising tide of popular opposition to their raj by offering tidbits of constitutional reform, which proved to be either too little to satisfy both the Congress Party and the Muslim League or too late to avert disaster. More than a century of British technological, institutional, and ideological unification of the South Asian subcontinent thus ended after World War II with communal civil war, mass migration, and partition.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2024-10-04): The British Raj (/rɑːdʒ/ RAHJ; from Hindustani rāj, 'reign', 'rule' or 'government')[10] was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent,[11] lasting from 1858 to 1947.[12] It is also called Crown rule in India,[13] or Direct rule in India.[14] The region under British control was commonly called India in contemporaneous usage and included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom, which were collectively called British India, and areas ruled by indigenous rulers, but under British paramountcy, called the princely states. The region was sometimes called the Indian Empire, though not officially.[15] [...] Company rule in India lasted effectively from the Battle of Plassey in 1757 until 1858, when following the 1857 Indian Rebellion, the British Crown assumed direct colonial rule of India in the new British Raj. [...] - ^ a b c "Britain in India, Ideology and Economics to 1900". Fsmitha. F. Smith. Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 2 August 2014.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2007-07-09): In 1858, British Crown rule was established in India, ending a century of control by the East India Company. The life and death struggle that preceded this formalisation of British control lasted nearly two years, cost £36 million, and is variously referred to as the 'Great Rebellion', the 'Indian Mutiny' or the 'First War of Indian Independence'.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2024-01-16): Key points - By the time India and Pakistan became independent nations in 1947, Britain had controlled much of the region for nearly 200 years. [...] - There were many organisations and key individuals who helped bring British rule over India to an end. [...] The end of British rule in India
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2024-10-06): After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British Government took over the administration to establish the British Raj. The British Raj was the period of British Parliament rule on the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947, for around 89 years of British occupation. The system of governance was instituted in 1858 when the rule of the East India Company was transferred to the Crown in the person of Queen Victoria. The British Raj lasted until 1947, when the British provinces of India were partitioned into two sovereign dominion states: the Dominion of India and the Dominion of Pakistan, leaving the princely states to choose between them. Most of the princely states decided to join either the Dominion of India or the Dominion of Pakistan, except the state of Jammu and Kashmir. It was only at the last moment that Jammu and Kashmir agreed to sign the "Instrument of Accession" with India. The two new dominions later became the Republic of India and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (the eastern half of which became the People's Republic of Bangladesh in 1972). The province of Burma in the eastern region of the Indian Empire had been made a separate colony in 1937 and became independent in 1948. [...] Later that year, the Labour government in Britain, its exchequer exhausted by the recently concluded World War II, decided to end British rule of India, and in early 1947, Britain announced its intention to transfer power no later than June 1948.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2024-01-16): Key points - From 1757, Britain increased its control of India through the East India CompanyA company that was founded in England in 1600 with the aim of trading in Asia. From 1757 - 1858 it controlled much of India.. - From 1858 onwards, the British government directly ruled India, and it became known as the British Raj. [...] In the 1700s much of India was divided into individual principalities and different empires. Following the British victory at the Battle of Plassey, some Indian princes were removed from their positions of power by the East India Company’s private army. This army was largely made up of Indian soldiers called sepoyAn Indian soldier who fought in the East India Company’s army, but had previously been part of the Mughal army. .
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2016-09-07): Founded as a home for the Britons who ruled India in the days of the Raj, its wood panels, leather armchairs and faint smell of mulligatawny soup convey an image of ordered dominance to which many now look back with nostalgia. [...] But this image of order and control is a fiction, which belies the reality of life in British India. For 200 years, from the mid 18th Century to independence and partition in 1947, the British presided over a regime that was chaotic, violent, driven by uncontrolled passions and profoundly wracked by anxiety. [...] British rule ended amid a cycle of violence sparked by the Raj's paranoid concerns about its own security. The 20th Century's two world wars turned India into a massive self-financing barracks essential to defend Britain's position throughout Asia - but it also racked up anxiety in the face of challenge.
Claim: In Britain, the country which ruled India for 200 years, Modi was the head of the meeting which was attended by the heads of 53 countries. (FACEBOOK POST, 2019-04-06)
Evidence (2024-05-04): India’s history is a tapestry woven with threads of diverse cultures, empires, and rulers. One of the most significant chapters in this rich narrative is the era of British rule. Spanning nearly three centuries, from 1600 to 1947, the British Raj left an indelible mark on the subcontinent. The history of British rule in India is a tale of conquest, colonization, and ultimately, a struggle for independence that led to the birth of the world’s largest democracy. This article takes you through a chronological journey of the British presence in India from 1600 to 1947, highlighting key events, milestones, and the evolution of India’s fight for freedom. [...] In conclusion, the timeline of British rule in India is a testament to the endurance and resilience of the Indian people. Over nearly 350 years, India transitioned from being a collection of princely states to a unified nation, gaining independence in 1947.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2023-05-24): This video does not depict an incident in Mexico but rather an incident in Guayaquil, Ecuador. A fire broke under an overpass on Pedro Menendez Gilbert Avenue, Guayaquil. The cause of this fire is not a volcanic eruption. Hence the claim made in the post is False.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2023-07-21): Boiling point of water at sea level
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2022-09-21): 13.9: Boiling - Page ID - 53808 \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2014-08-01): Influence of altitude on the boiling point of water.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (2023-06-02): Amid reports of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcano or ‘El Popo,’ a video has been circulating on social media showing water boiling under a highway road. The post claims that this incident occurred in Veracruz, Mexico, attributing it to volcanic activity in El Popo. Let’s fact-check this claim to determine its accuracy. [...] Fact: This video does not depict an incident in Mexico but rather an incident in Guayaquil, Ecuador. A fire broke under an overpass on Pedro Menendez Gilbert Avenue, Guayaquil. The cause of this fire is not a volcanic eruption. Hence the claim made in the post is False. [...] To sum up, the video misattributes an incident in Ecuador to the streets of Veracruz, Mexico, and falsely connects it to volcanic activity.
Claim: The visuals of water boiling under pits formed on a highway in Veracruz, Mexico, are a result of volcanic activity in Mexico’s Popocatepetl volcanic mountain (SOCIAL MEDIA POST, 2023-05-24)
Evidence (1997-12-24): Volcanic activity continued at a high rate at Popocatepetl, with several small-to-moderate exhalations. The Mexico City MWO and the Washington VAAC reported that at 0947 on 14 November a small ash-and-steam exhalation produced a cloud that was visible on GOES-8 imagery; it reached an altitude of ~8 km a.s.l. The cloud rapidly dissipated as it moved briefly to the NNE. At 0910 on 17 November a steam-and-possible-ash emission produced a cloud that reached up to 6.5 km a.s.l. and was blown to the NNW. The Popocatepetl camera recorded an ash cloud from a steam-and-ash exhalation that occurred at 0730 on 20 November. The cloud reached ~6 km a.s.l., was blown to the NNW, and deposited light ash in the town of San Pedro Nexapa ~10 km to the NW of the summit. On 21 November three moderate ash-and-steam exhalations sent ash to between 6 and 7 km a.s.l. The volcano's alert level remained at Yellow Phase III. [...] Popocatépetl volcano is one of Mexico's most active volcanoes, located near the capitol Mexico City. It has been persistently active since 2005 and frequently active for centuries before that. Activity frequently consists of gas-and-steam and ash plumes, incandescent blocks that scatter across the flanks, and frequent growth of domes in the summit crater. This report summarizes activity from March through August 2018 using information issued by CENAPRED (Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres) along with various satellite and webcam data.