copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-22): Ryanggang: Inside the North Korean Prison State 22 Jul [...] We are pleased to announce the release of our latest visual investigation, Ryanggang: Inside the North Korean Prison State. This groundbreaking project, made possible by the generous support of the Netherlands Embassy in Seoul, reveals pervasive sexual and gender-based violence within the infamous Ryanggang Provincial Ministry of State Security Holding Centre. By integrating survivor testimonies, sophisticated 3D modelling, and satellite imagery, we are shedding light on hidden atrocities occurring in North Korea’s prisons for the very first time. [...] Ryanggang Province, located in northern North Korea and bordering China, is a critical area for human rights. Many North Koreans attempting to flee the country cross from this province into China. Large numbers are often apprehended and forcibly repatriated back to North Korea. Ryanggang Provincial Ministry of State Security Holding Centre is known for detaining many of these repatriated escapees who face harsh punishments, including torture, imprisonment, and even execution. This makes Ryanggang Province a significant focus for international human rights advocacy and documentation efforts, as it underscores the ongoing and widespread abuses in the country.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-15): The border closures also cut off imports of essential goods, leading to food shortages that were made worse by international sanctions because of the country's nuclear programme. [...] "If it does get completed in time, I can imagine only Russian tourists and possibly Chinese visiting in any real numbers at first," he said. "Unless [the Democratic Republic of Korea] offers direct Samjiyon flights to a neutral connection country like Mongolia." [...] Pyongyang's propaganda says the mountain is where North Korea's founder Kim Il Sung battled Japanese occupation forces and launched the revolution. He is the grandfather of current president Kim Jong Un.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-03-11): - The areas most affected by flooding, North Hamgyong Province and Ryanggang Province (Musan county, Yonsa county, Onsong county, and Hoeryong city), are already neglected by government policies. [...] - Nearly 600,000 people need assistance including those that have limited access or no access to clean water. - 27,000 hectares of agricultural land have been washed out or flooded.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-12-10): Hyaesan residents protest broken promises on housing "They were promised new apartments that are located near the Ryanggang Ilbo newspaper building, but the promise was reneged upon. The evicted residents were then ordered to move into another apartment...They are very angry about this."https://t.co/ctgPQ6Dmrh#NorthKorea #DPRK pic.twitter.com/8q7BWbrJOh — Daily NK/Unification Media Group (UMG) (@The_Daily_NK) November 7, 2018 Despite the strict prohibition on independent gatherings, there was a protest recently that occurred in Hyesan, Ryanggang Province. According to a report by DailyNK news outlet, on 6th November 2018, local residents began to protest after promises made to them around their housing failed to materialise. [...] Previously, on 15th November 2018, the UN General Assembly's human rights committee approved a resolution by consensus condemning North Korea's "longstanding and ongoing systematic, widespread and gross violations of human rights" and strongly urging its government to immediately end the abuses.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-07-05): When Yeonmi Park was a young girl in North Korea's Ryanggang Province, near the Chinese border, she went to her uncle's house to watch TV. But this wasn't the usual state-run broadcast praising the "Dear Leader." The movie she watched at her uncle's house was illegal. [...] Pearson says illicit media undermines the Pyongyang regime because even Hollywood movies like Titanic can be subversive. [...] Radio editor Arezou Rezvani contributed to this report.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-10-31): During his inspection of the factory, in Samjiyon County, Ryanggang Province, bordering China, Kim praised the county for "reaping a high yield in potato farming despite unusually unfavorable climatic conditions this year," KCNA reported.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-09-21): The three-day summit began Tuesday with thousands of North Koreans lining the streets of Pyongyang to welcome South Korean President Moon Jae-in on his first trip to North Korea. [...] Pyongyang is also likely to reiterate its demand for the withdrawal of U.S. troops from the peninsula, Paal said. North Korea has repeatedly said that the U.S. military presence in South Korea poses a threat to its regime. Currently, there are about 28,500 U.S. troops stationed in South Korea. [...] At the summit, South Korean Minister of National Defense Song Young-moo and First Vice Minister of People’s Armed Forces of North Korea No Kwang Chul signed a comprehensive military agreement to halt military exercises along the military demarcation line by Nov. 1 and remove 11 guard posts in the DMZ by year’s end.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-08-25): Citing the country’s State Emergency Epidemic Prevention Headquarters, KCNA said four "fever cases suspected of being infected with malignant epidemic occurred at a unit in Ryanggang province on August 23." [...] It has also hailed its use of daily PCR tests on water collected in border areas and claimed to have developed new methods to detect the virus and other diseases including monkeypox, according to Reuters. [...] The absence of independent data in the country means CNN can’t verify Pyongyang’s claims.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2017-12-09): Mirroring the current crisis, one of the contributing factors was a lack of oil-based products in the agricultural sector after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Since then, life for many North Koreans outside the capital of Pyongyang has remained an impoverished and isolated existence. Even without a full oil ban, some experts say these people have suffered the most from the sanctions already imposed this year. [...] "The poorest people that you don't see in Pyongyang, and everyone outside the city, would be short of heating oil this winter. And the reverberations in national agriculture come spring, summer could be devastating."
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-13): In January 2023, the government enacted the Pyongyang Cultural Language Protection Act, banning the use of language that is South Korean in style or appears to have foreign influence. The law criminalized communications "in the puppet language," a reference to the South Korean language style, setting punishments of six years or more of forced labor and even the death penalty in some cases. It also encourages the authorities to use public trials and executions to "awaken the masses." In March and April, authorities reportedly conducted public trials in Ryanggang province under the law. One trial targeted 17 young people for watching unsanctioned videos and using South Korean language. One leader of the group was sentenced to 10 years of forced labor. In another trial, 20 youth athletes were sentenced to three to five years of forced labor for using South Korean vocabulary. [...] In August, North Korean state media officially announced the reopening of its borders to citizens residing abroad after they were closed in January 2020. North Korea’s national airline restarted international flights, and the former North Korean ambassador to China returned to North Korea. In March, authorities allowed some Chinese diplomats to enter the country. However, humanitarian organizations and most diplomats remained unable to return. Informal trade activities stayed banned. Official trade by rail and waterways increased but remained lower than before the Covid-19 pandemic.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-03-07): The area around Hyesan city (Hyesan-si), the capital of Ryanggang province, has traditionally been a point through which many North Koreans cross or escape into China across the Yalu River. It is the second largest informal trade hub after Sinuiju city, North Pyongan province.69 Hyesan city is connected to Changbai county, Changbai Korean Autonomous County, through the Hyesan-Changbai border crossing. [...] Media also reported dozens of executions, party removals, and dismissals of government officials for corruption or failing to follow quarantine orders. A border guard in Hyesan city, Ryanggang province, reportedly was sentenced to three years of forced labor in June 2020 for conspiring with an informal trader to transfer two boxes (600 packs) of cigarettes to a Chinese trader.107 In January 2021, authorities reportedly put Hyesan city and Samjiyon city in Ryanggang province under lockdown due to smuggling activities.108 In February 2021, North Korean authorities reportedly also put Chasong county and Manpo county in Chagang province under lockdown for over a month because of informal trading and an incident in which a soldier and his girlfriend were shot and killed while trying to escape to China.109 [...] [171] Human Rights Watch interviews with two former traders from Ryanggang province, location withheld, in May 2021.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2022-10-26): SL: There were a couple of reasons why I decided to leave, but the most important reason was family. I had an older sister who left for China when she was young, but she couldn’t return to North Korea because of the government’s policy. We had lived separately for 13 years, and there was no way for our family to reunite [except] to go to South Korea. Another reason was [being] born in a border city in Ryanggang province. I had many opportunities to observe what was taking place across the river in China. On the North Korean side, there’s no power, it’s completely dark, and the Chinese side is very bright. It raised many questions, and I started learning more about China and started a cross-border business. The business eventually expanded to a very organized business that enabled me to learn about North Korea’s society in comparison to China. Also during that time, the last part of my life in North Korea, I had an opportunity to work with a government agency, the Ministry of People’s Security, a police department. I saw corruption and the darkness of the North Korean [leadership].
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of South Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-26): "With cross-border smuggling still off limits, the prices of imported goods, including electronic devices, have been rising across the board in Hyesan," a source in Ryanggang province told Daily NK on Aug. 23, speaking anonymously. [...] Higher water levels on the Yalu River make it very difficult to safely transport goods across the border from China to North Korea. [...] These circumstances are leading to increased prices of imported goods including automobile parts and electronic devices such as evaporative coolers and refrigerators.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-11): Ryanggang Province (Ryanggangdo; Korean: 량강도; MR: Ryanggang-do, Korean pronunciation: [ɾjaŋ.ɡaŋ.do]) is a province in North Korea. The province is bordered by China (Jilin) to the north, North Hamgyong to the east, South Hamgyong to the south, and Chagang to the west. Ryanggang was formed in 1954, when it was separated from South Hamgyŏng. The provincial capital is Hyesan. In South Korean usage, "Ryanggang" is spelled and pronounced as "Yanggang" Korean: 양강도; RR: Yanggang-do, Korean pronunciation: [jaŋ.ɡaŋ.do]). [...] Although all of North Korea is economically depressed after Soviet dissolution, Ryanggang province, along with neighboring North Hamgyong and South Hamgyong provinces, are the poorest, forming North Korea's "Rust Belt" of industrialized cities with factories now decrepit and failing. The worst hunger of the 1990s famine years occurred in these three provinces, and most refugees into China come from the Rust Belt region.[3] [...] Administrative divisions [edit]Ryanggang is divided into 2 cities (si) and 10 counties (kun). Each entity is listed below in English, Chosŏn'gŭl, and Hanja.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-10-09): Northern Korea had little exposure to modern, Western ideas.[24] One partial exception was the penetration of religion. Since the arrival of missionaries in the late nineteenth century, the northwest of Korea, and Pyongyang in particular, had been a stronghold of Christianity.[25] As a result, Pyongyang was called the "Jerusalem of the East".[26] [...] - Ryang, Sonia (2013). "The North Korean Homeland of Koreans in Japan". In Ryang, Sonia (ed.). Koreans in Japan: Critical Voices from the Margin. London: Routledge. pp. 32–54. ISBN 978-1-136-35305-5. [...] Government websites - KCNA Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine – website of the Korean Central News Agency - Naenara Archived 18 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine – the official North Korean governmental portal Naenara - DPRK Foreign Ministry Archived 24 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine – official North Korean foreign ministry website - The Pyongyang Times – official foreign language newspaper of the DPRK
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-21): Hyesan is a fascinating city located in the Ryanggang Province of North Korea. With its rich history, vibrant culture, and breathtaking scenery, Hyesan has become a popular destination for travelers seeking a unique and immersive experience. From its ancient landmarks to its modern developments, this city has something to offer to everyone. [...] - Hyesan, the capital of Ryanggang Province in North Korea, is a picturesque city with a rich cultural heritage, vibrant markets, and stunning natural landscapes, making it a must-visit destination for travelers seeking a unique glimpse into North Korean life and culture. [...] Hyesan is the capital city of Ryanggang Province in North Korea.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2021-12-19): Ryanggang (Ryanggang-do; Korean pronunciation: [(ɾ)jaŋɡaŋ]) is a province in North Korea. The province is bordered bi Cheenae on the north, Hamgyongbuk-do on the east, Hamgyongnam-do on the sooth, an Chagang on the wast. Ryanggang wis formed in 1954, when it wis separatit frae Hamgyongnam-do. The provincial caipital is Hyesan. Admeenistrative diveesions [eedit | eedit soorce]Ryanggang is dividit intae 1 ceety ("Si") an 11 coonties ("gun"). [...] - Unhŭng-gun (운흥군; 雲興郡)
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2018-10-17): Ryanggang Province (Ryanggangdo; Korean: 량강도; MR: Ryanggang-do, Korean pronunciation:[ɾjaŋ.ɡaŋ.do]) is a province in North Korea. The province is bordered by China (Jilin) to the north, North Hamgyong to the east, South Hamgyong to the south, and Chagang to the west. Ryanggang was formed in 1954, when it was separated from South Hamgyŏng. The provincial capital is Hyesan. In South Korean usage, "Ryanggang" is spelled and pronounced as "Yanggang" Korean: 양강도; RR: Yanggang-do, Korean pronunciation:[jaŋ.ɡaŋ.do]). [...] Although all of North Korea is economically depressed after Soviet dissolution, Ryanggang province, along with neighboring North Hamgyong and South Hamgyong provinces, are the poorest, forming North Korea's "Rust Belt" of industrialized cities with factories now decrepit and failing. The worst hunger of the 1990s famine years occurred in these three provinces, and most refugees into China come from the Rust Belt region.[3] [...] Ryanggang is divided into 2 cities (si) and 10 counties (kun). Each entity is listed below in English, Chosŏn'gŭl, and Hanja.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-07): With the liberation of Korea in 1945, the Korean peninsula was divided into North Korea and South Korea, with the dividing line established along the 38th parallel. As a result, three provinces—Hwanghae, Gyeonggi, and Gangwon (Kangwŏn)—were divided into North Korea and South Korea in today's era. The special cities of Seoul (South Korea) and P'yŏngyang (North Korea) were formed in 1946. Between 1946 and 1954, five new provinces were created: Jeju in South Korea, and North and South Hwanghae, Chagang, and Ryanggang in North Korea. Since 1954, provincial boundaries in both the North and South have remained unchanged but new cities and special administrative regions have been created. [...] Finally, the new provinces of Jeju Province (in the south, in 1946) and Chagang Province (in the north, 1949) were formed, from parts of South Jeolla and North Pyongan respectively. In 1954, Ryanggang Province was split from South Hamgyong and Hwanghae was divided into North and South Hwanghae Provinces. [...] - ^ "Gwandong" is the name for the region as a whole, with "Yeongseo" denoting the western half of the province and "Yeongdong" the eastern half. "Yeongdong" is used more often than either of the other two terms, however, especially in reference to railway and road arteries that cross through Gangwon, connecting the Seoul and Yeongdong regions.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-01): Provinces of North Korea Provinces are the first-level division within North Korea. There are 9 provinces in North Korea: Chagang, North Hamgyong, South Hamgyong, North Hwanghae, South Hwanghae, Kangwon, North Pyongan, South Pyongan, and Ryanggang. [...] Claimed provinces [edit]North Korea claims seven provinces on the territory controlled by South Korea. While people's committees for these claimed provinces were elected in 1950 during the Korean War, no government-in-exile for them exists as of 2024. These provinces are based on the divisions of the Japanese era, but correspond somewhat to the present South Korean provinces and the special cities partitioned out of them, owing to the alterations in the provincial division effected by South Korea being more conservative relatively to those effected by the north.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-09-14): North Hamgyeong [edit]North Hamgyeong Province or Hamgyeongbuk-do (Korean pronunciation: [hamɡjʌŋbukt͈o]) corresponds to North Korea's North Hamgyong Province, Rason Special City and part of Ryanggang Province. [...] South Hamgyeong [edit]South Hamgyeong Province (Korean: 함경남도, Hamgyeongnam-do) (Korean pronunciation: [hamɡjʌŋnamdo]) corresponds to North Korea's South Hamgyong Province, as well as parts of Ryanggang Province, Chagang Province, Kangwon Province and China's Jilin Province (several parts of Hyesan County (Heaven Lake) are under the rule of China, and other parts of same county are claimed by the Republic of China). [...] Southern provinces with territory in North Korea [edit]Two South Korean provinces, Gyeonggi and Gangwon, officially have parts of their territory in North Korea. The South Korean government considers the governors of these two provinces the head of their entire province, including the parts in the North.[3]
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-08-14): Samjiyon is located in Ryanggang Province, near the Chinese border. The city sits at an altitude of approximately 1,300 meters (4,300 feet) above sea level. This makes it one of the highest settlements in North Korea. The region's geographical location and elevation contribute to its unique climate, characterized by cold winters and mild summers.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-01): Ryanggang Province (Ryanggangdo;, pronounced as /ko/) is a province in North Korea. The province is bordered by China (Jilin) to the north, North Hamgyong to the east, South Hamgyong to the south, and Chagang to the west. Ryanggang was formed in 1954, when it was separated from South Hamgyŏng. The provincial capital is Hyesan. In South Korean usage, "Ryanggang" is spelled and pronounced as "Yanggang", pronounced as /ko/). [...] Although all of North Korea is economically depressed after Soviet dissolution, Ryanggang province, along with neighboring North Hamgyong and South Hamgyong provinces, are the poorest, forming North Korea's "Rust Belt" of industrialized cities with factories now decrepit and failing. The worst hunger of the 1990s famine years occurred in these three provinces, and most refugees into China come from the Rust Belt region.[3] [...] Ryanggang is divided into 2 cities (si) and 10 counties (kun). Each entity is listed below in English, Chosŏn'gŭl, and Hanja.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-06-12): Ryanggang Province is a remote and mysterious region in North Korea, known for its natural beauty and historical sites. Located in the northern part of North Korea, bordering China. [...] Ryanggang Province is a relatively safe region for guided tourists.
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2008-10-01): Province in North Korea The population in Ryanggang-do as well as related information and services (Wikipedia, Google, images). [...] Source: Central Bureau of Statistics: DPR Korea 2008 Population Census National Report, 2009 (web).
Claim: Ryanggang Province is a territory of North Korea (Ryanggang Province, 2024-10-09)
Evidence (2024-07-22): Ryanggang: Inside the North Korean Prison State 22 Jul [...] We are pleased to announce the release of our latest visual investigation, Ryanggang: Inside the North Korean Prison State. This groundbreaking project, made possible by the generous support of the Netherlands Embassy in Seoul, reveals pervasive sexual and gender-based violence within the infamous Ryanggang Provincial Ministry of State Security Holding Centre. By integrating survivor testimonies, sophisticated 3D modelling, and satellite imagery, we are shedding light on hidden atrocities occurring in North Korea’s prisons for the very first time. [...] Ryanggang Province, located in northern North Korea and bordering China, is a critical area for human rights. Many North Koreans attempting to flee the country cross from this province into China. Large numbers are often apprehended and forcibly repatriated back to North Korea. Ryanggang Provincial Ministry of State Security Holding Centre is known for detaining many of these repatriated escapees who face harsh punishments, including torture, imprisonment, and even execution. This makes Ryanggang Province a significant focus for international human rights advocacy and documentation efforts, as it underscores the ongoing and widespread abuses in the country.