copenlu/druid huggingface dataset:
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2023-01-12): Children who received two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine were 40% less likely to have a COVID-19-associated hospitalization or ED visit compared to unvaccinated youth. [...] "The findings in this report support the recommendation for COVID-19 vaccination for all children aged ≥6 months and highlight the importance of completion of a primary series for young children," the researchers reported. [...] Cite this: COVID Vaccines Lower Risk of Serious Illness in Kids - Medscape - Dec 01, 2023.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2023-10-05): As with its adult vaccine, Pfizer/BioNTech was the first to cross the finish line and offer a Food and Drug Administration-authorized COVID-19 vaccine to children ages 5 through 11. [...] In its benefit-risk assessment, the FDA modeled a series of scenarios assuming the myocarditis rate in vaccinated kids 5 through 11 years old is the same as in 12- to 15-year-olds. The agency then incorporated different variables, such as different levels of protection afforded by the vaccine, along with different levels of coronavirus circulation and COVID-19 death rates in children. According to the model, the vaccine prevents more bad outcomes from COVID-19 than it causes in all scenarios, except for the one in which viral transmission falls to its low point in June 2021. In that case, there are more hospitalizations due to vaccine-related myocarditis than those prevented from COVID-19, but because vaccine-related myocarditis is usually less serious than typical myocarditis, the FDA said the overall benefits still might outweigh the risks. [...] The trial data did not show differences in neutralizing antibody levels in 9- to 11-year-old children versus 5- to 6-year-old kids. Of the three cases of mild COVID-19 in the kids who were vaccinated, two were in 10-year-olds and one was in an 11-year-old. It is unclear whether that is indicative of anything, though, as this could reflect the higher exposure to the virus among older children, as older kids in the placebo group were also more likely to fall ill.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2024-09-13): Children given COVID-19 vaccines have side effects similar to those faced by adults. The most commonly reported side effects include: [...] COVID-19 vaccines shouldn't be given to a child with a known history of a severe allergic reaction to any of the vaccine's ingredients. If this is the case, your child might be able to get different COVID-19 vaccine in the future. [...] If you have questions or concerns about your child getting a COVID-19 vaccine, talk to your child's health care team. The health professional can help you weigh the risks and benefits of vaccination.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2022-08-11): The most substantive evidence on the risk of severe COVID-19 and death in children and adolescents comes from studies in high resource settings, so the generalizability of the following observations to lower resource settings remains to be determined. One systematic review suggests that there may be larger impact of paediatric COVID-19 related fatality in low to middle income countries versus high income countries (16). [...] In the United States, during the period of Omicron predominance, COVID-19–associated hospitalization rates in children aged 5–11 years were studied in the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network. The cumulative hospitalization rate during the Omicron-predominant period was 2.1 times as high among unvaccinated children (19.1 per 100,000 population) as among vaccinated children (9.2). Non-Hispanic Black children represented the largest group of unvaccinated children. Thirty percent of hospitalized children had no underlying medical conditions, and 19% were admitted to an intensive care unit. Children with diabetes and obesity were more likely to experience severe COVID-19(30). [...] COVID-19 vaccines with WHO EUL that have undergone clinical trials in children and adolescent are safe and effective in preventing disease in children and adolescents. Children with comorbidities and severe immunocompromising conditions should be offered vaccination(36).
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2021-11-24): This statement is outdated. Please refer to the more recent statement: https://www.who.int/news/item/11-08-2022-interim-statement-on-covid-19-vaccination-for-children ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [...] The preponderance of evidence on the risk for severe COVID-19 and death in children and adolescents comes from studies in high resource settings, so the applicability of the following observations to lower resource settings remains to be determined. One systematic review suggests that there may be larger impact of paediatric COVID-19 related fatality in low to middle income countries versus high income countries (12). [...] - Shi Q, Wang Z, Liu J, Wang X, Zhou Q, Li Q, et al. Risk factors for poor prognosis in children and adolescents with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2021;41:101155.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2021-11-05): Kids ‘50 times more likely to be killed’ by COVID-19 vaccines? Pants on Fire [...] A viral image claimed that "children are 50 times more likely to be killed by" COVID-19 vaccines than by the virus itself. [...] Maldita.es, "The false or non-evidence claims of Mike Yeadon's video saying that children are 50 times more likely to die from the COVID-19 vaccine than from the virus," Aug. 31, 2021
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2022-01-29): The headline of a Jan. 29 blog post by The Daily Exposé claims: "Official data shows children are up to 52 times more likely to die following COVID-19 vaccination than unvaccinated children & the (Office of National Statistics) is trying to hide it." [...] The Daily Exposé attempted to do its own mortality rate calculations and claimed children are up to 52 times more likely to die following COVID-19 vaccination than unvaccinated children. [...] The Expose, "Official Data shows Children are up to 52 times more likely to die following COVID-19 Vaccination than Unvaccinated Children & the ONS is trying to hide it," Jan. 29, 2022
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2022-07-27): The headline of a July 27 blog post by The Daily Exposé claims: "SHOCKING: U.K. government admits COVID vaccinated children are 4,423% more likely to die of any cause & 13,633% more likely to die of COVID-19 than unvaccinated children." [...] A blog post said that in England, "COVID-19 vaccinated children are 4,423% more likely to die of any cause and 13,633% more likely to die of COVID-19 than unvaccinated children." [...] The Exposé, "SHOCKING: UK Government admits COVID Vaccinated Children are 4423% more likely to die of any cause & 13,633% more likely to die of COVID-19 than Unvaccinated Children," July 27, 2022
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2023-03-27): Several studies have reported associations between COVID-19 vaccination and risk of cardiac diseases, especially in young people; the impact on mortality, however, remains unclear. We use national, linked electronic health data in England to assess the impact of COVID-19 vaccination and positive SARS-CoV-2 tests on the risk of cardiac and all-cause mortality in young people (12 to 29 years) using a self-controlled case series design. Here, we show there is no significant increase in cardiac or all-cause mortality in the 12 weeks following COVID-19 vaccination compared to more than 12 weeks after any dose. However, we find an increase in cardiac death in women after a first dose of non mRNA vaccines. A positive SARS-CoV-2 test is associated with increased cardiac and all-cause mortality among people vaccinated or unvaccinated at time of testing.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2024-05-27): The risk-benefit profile of COVID-19 vaccination in children remains uncertain. A self-controlled case-series study was conducted using linked data of 5.1 million children in England to compare risks of hospitalisation from vaccine safety outcomes after COVID-19 vaccination and infection. In 5-11-year-olds, we found no increased risks of adverse events 1–42 days following vaccination with BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 or ChAdOX1. In 12-17-year-olds, we estimated 3 (95%CI 0–5) and 5 (95%CI 3–6) additional cases of myocarditis per million following a first and second dose with BNT162b2, respectively. An additional 12 (95%CI 0–23) hospitalisations with epilepsy and 4 (95%CI 0–6) with demyelinating disease (in females only, mainly optic neuritis) were estimated per million following a second dose with BNT162b2. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased risks of hospitalisation from seven outcomes including multisystem inflammatory syndrome and myocarditis, but these risks were largely absent in those vaccinated prior to infection. We report a favourable safety profile of COVID-19 vaccination in under-18s. [...] Nafilyan, V. et al. Risk of death following COVID-19 vaccination or positive SARS-CoV-2 test in young people in England. Nat. Commun.14, 1541 (2023).
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2023-04-13): Here’s the real deal on how risks of the COVID-19 vaccine for children stack up against risks of the disease itself, according to Drs. Chang and Aggarwal. [...] More than 9.6 million eligible children have received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine and 7.1 million of those are fully vaccinated, reports the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Those under 12 years old cannot yet be vaccinated. [...] Other children with COVID-19 may suffer long-term cardiovascular repercussions, including heart failure and potentially deadly blood clots, he says.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2024-05-14): - While children with COVID-19 are less likely than adults to develop severe illness, children are still at risk of developing severe illness and complications from COVID-19. [...] Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black adults have a higher prevalence of obesity and are more likely to suffer worse outcomes from COVID-19. Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black children also have a higher prevalence of obesity. In 2017–2018, obesity affected 19.3% of children ages 2 to 19 years. However, Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black children had an obesity prevalence of 25.6% and 24.2%. [...] Vaccination can also keep adults and children from getting seriously sick even if they do get COVID-19. Vaccinating children can help them stay in school and safely participate in sports, playdates, and other group activities. COVID-19 vaccines help protect whole families and slow the spread of COVID-19 in communities.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2024-08-26): Adults with kidney disease are at higher risk of early death. [...] - According to one study, children with KFRT are 30 times more likely to die prematurely than healthy children. In another study, adolescents (<18 yrs old) with KFRT since childhood had a life expectancy of 38 years if they were treated with dialysis during childhood, and 63 years if they received a kidney transplant during childhood.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2023-08-18): According to the CDC, age remains the strongest predictor of poor outcomes and severe illness in patients with COVID-19. Data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) at CDC states that patients with COVID-19 aged 50 to 64 years have a 25 times higher risk of death when compared to adults infected with this illness and aged less than 30 years. In patients 65 to 74 years old, this risk increases to 60 times. In patients older than 85, the risk of death increases to 340 times. According to the CDC, these data include all deaths in the United States throughout the pandemic, from February 2020 to July 1, 2022, including deaths among unvaccinated individuals. [...] A primary series of COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for everyone older than 6 months in the United States. Bivalent mRNA vaccines that protect against the original SARS-CoV-2 virus strain and Omicron subvariants are recommended at least 2 months after receiving the primary vaccine series or a booster dose.[NIH COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines]
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2021-04-01): - Almost 52 million children may die before reaching their fifth birthday between 2019 and 2030. - Children in sub-Saharan Africa will be 16 times more likely to die before their fifth birthday than children in high-income countries.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2022-03-22): To assess whether the deaths of young people in 2021 were temporally linked with receiving a COVID-19 vaccination, we compared the number of deaths in two time periods; these were weeks one to six following vaccination (risk period) and weeks 7 to 12 following vaccination (baseline period). Myocarditis tends to appear very soon after vaccination, with evidence suggesting the median time from vaccination to symptom onset is two days. However, we used the first six weeks after vaccination as the risk period to ensure that all deaths resulting from myocarditis would be captured. The number of follow up weeks was restricted to 12 to minimise the impact of registration delay, where deaths that occurred in later calendar weeks were less likely to have been registered. See the Data sources and quality section for more detail. [...] 585 young people aged 12 to 29 years died within 12 weeks of receiving a dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. [...] The analysis of death following vaccination in young people is based on linked death registration data from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) to data on COVID-19 vaccination from the National Immunisation Management Service (NIMS) and an extract from NHS point of care data provided by NHS-Digital.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2024-09-20): Staying up to date on your COVID-19 vaccine helps prevent serious illness, the need for hospital care due to COVID-19 and death from COVID-19. Other ways that may help prevent the spread of this coronavirus includes good indoor air flow, physical distancing, wearing a mask in the right setting and good hygiene. [...] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends a COVID-19 vaccine for everyone age 6 months and older. The COVID-19 vaccine can lower the risk of death or serious illness caused by COVID-19.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2021-04-24): Investigators from Kaiser Permanente publish their findings showing that patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 to 44 kg/m2 have a risk of death from COVID-19 that is more than twice that of individuals whose BMI is 18.5 to 24 mg/m2. An abundance of comprehensive patient data enabled the team to isolate obesity’s effects compared with those resulting from more than 20 comorbidities, health care use, and population density, among others. At the heart of this finding is that excess fat exacerbates the breathing issues brought on by COVID-19. [...] Pfizer and BioNTech submit their COVID-19 vaccine to the FDA for an EUA, making them the first companies to seek such an approval in the United States. The EUA submission includes safety data on about 100 children between the ages of 12 and 15 years.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2023-08-08): One explanation for this rise is that the pandemic aggravated the very factors driving city gun violence. Black and Latino communities have borne the heaviest burden of gun violence in cities for years. Generations of systemic racial discrimination and inequities in health care, housing, education, and other factors have exacerbated the risks of gun violence.2National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine et al., Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity, ed. James N. Weinstein et al. (Washington, DC: National Academies Press [US], 2017), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425845/. These inequities have also made Black and Latino communities more vulnerable to the devastating effects of COVID-19.3Fatimah Loren Muhammad, "The Pandemic’s Impact on Racial Inequity and Violence Can’t Be Ignored," The Trace, May 7, 2020, https://bit.ly/2TuMkQ7. In fact, Black people in the United States are nearly twice as likely as white people to die from COVID-19.4"Risk for COVID-19 Infection, Hospitalization and Death by Race/Ethnicity, as of March 12, 2021," Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, March 18, 2021, https://bit.ly/3bbmB8N. They are also 10 times as likely to die by gun homicide as white people.5Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. WONDER Online Database, Underlying Cause of Death.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2023-03-15): CDC issues an urgent health advisory to increase COVID-19 vaccination rates among people who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or who are trying to become pregnant. More than 22,000 pregnant people have been hospitalized with COVID-19 and 161 have died. COVID-19 in pregnant people carries a two-fold risk of admission to intensive care, a 70% increased risk of death, and adverse pregnancy outcomes that can include preterm birth, stillbirth, and the admission of a newborn into the ICU with COVID-19 [...] ACIP recommends the Pfizer-BioNTech pediatric COVID-19 vaccine for all children ages 5–11 years. [...] CDC releases data in two MMWRs showing that adults who received 3 doses of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were 94% less likely to be put on a ventilator or die from COVID-19 during the Omicron surge compared to non-vaccinated adults in the U.S. and that Black adults are currently 4 times more likely to be hospitalized than White adults.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2021-09-22): Although children have not borne the most severe brunt of COVID-19 relative to adults, some do become hospitalized, suffer long-term consequences, and even death from the disease. There is growing attention to how children are being affected by the pandemic, particularly as in-person school returns, and those younger than age 12 are not yet eligible for vaccination. While data remain limited, available research and data to date suggest that children of color have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19 and may be less likely to have been vaccinated, mirroring racial disparities observed among the broader population. These disparities may leave children of color at increased risk, particularly as they return to in-person school. Together the findings point to the importance of increasing data available to understand racial disparities in COVID-19 impacts and vaccinations among children and efforts to mitigate disproportionate impacts of COVID-19 for children of color going forward.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2023-04-20): NEW YORK, 20 April 2023 – The public perception of the importance of vaccines for children declined during the COVID-19 pandemic in 52 out of 55 countries studied, UNICEF warned today in a new report on immunization. [...] "At the height of the pandemic, scientists rapidly developed vaccines that saved countless lives. But despite this historic achievement, fear and disinformation about all types of vaccines circulated as widely as the virus itself," said Catherine Russell, UNICEF Executive Director. "This data is a worrying warning signal. We cannot allow confidence in routine immunizations to become another victim of the pandemic. Otherwise, the next wave of deaths could be of more children with measles, diphtheria or other preventable diseases." [...] To address this child survival crisis, UNICEF is calling on governments to double-down on their commitment to increase financing for immunization and to work with stakeholders to unlock available resources, including leftover COVID-19 funds, to urgently implement and accelerate catch-up vaccination efforts to protect children and prevent disease outbreaks.
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2022-01-25): Based on passive surveillance reporting in the US, the risk of myocarditis after receiving mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines was increased across multiple age and sex strata and was highest after the second vaccination dose in adolescent males and young men. [...] Based on passive surveillance reporting in the US, the risk of myocarditis after receiving mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines was increased across multiple age and sex strata and was highest after the second vaccination dose in adolescent males and young men. This risk should be considered in the context of the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination. [...] In this review of reports to VAERS between December 2020 and August 2021, myocarditis was identified as a rare but serious adverse event that can occur after mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination, particularly in adolescent males and young men. However, this increased risk must be weighed against the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination.18
Claim: Children who take a COVID-19 vaccine 52 times more likely to suffer an early death. (The Exposé website, 2022-02-07)
Evidence (2020-09-17): A MMWR report on hospitalized children aged 5-11 years with SARS-CoV-2 infections in 14 U.S. states found that during the Omicron wave, unvaccinated children had double the rate of hospitalization compared to vaccinated children. Thirty percent (30%) of hospitalized children had no underlying medical conditions, and children with diabetes and obesity were more likely to develop severe COVID-19. Intensive care unit admission occurred in 19% of hospitalized cases. Increasing COVID-19 vaccination coverage among children aged 5–11 years, especially those at higher risk of severe disease, may help prevent hospitalizations and severe outcomes associated with COVID-19. When assessing children, it is important to consider that the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 are similar to those of other infectious and non-infectious conditions, including influenza, other viral upper respiratory infections, streptococcal pharyngitis, asthma and allergies. The lack of specificity of signs or symptoms and the significant proportion of asymptomatic infections makes symptom-based screening for identification of SARS-CoV-2 in children difficult.