### Road Traffic (Construction and Maintenance of Vehicles) Regulations (words omitted as spent—E.R. 2 of 2012) 《道路交通(車輛構造及保養)規例》

31. Smoke, etc.
(1) Every motor vehicle shall be so constructed and maintained that—
(a) no excessive smoke or visible vapour is emitted therefrom;
(b) so far as is reasonably practicable, the products of combustion, ashes, steam, cinders, petrol, water or oil are not discharged on the road or in such manner as to be likely to cause damage to property or injury or danger or loss of amenity or annoyance to persons.
(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1)(a), smoke or visible vapour shall be deemed to be excessive if the smoke or visible vapour emitted from the vehicle measured by means of any one of the apparatuses specified by the Commissioner from time to time by notice published in the Gazette exceeds the maximum permitted smoke or visible vapour level specified in column 1 of Part I of the Fourth Schedule or the maximum permitted smoke or visible vapour level in absolute units of light absorption specified in column 2 of that Part. (L.N. 14 of 1999; L.N. 160 of 2000)
(2A) For the avoidance of doubt, a notice under paragraph (2) is not subsidiary legislation. (L.N. 14 of 1999)
(3) Every motor vehicle using solid fuel shall be fitted with an efficient appliance for the purpose of preventing the emission of sparks or grit.
(4) It shall be a good defence in any proceedings in respect of a contravention of this regulation to prove that the emission or discharge was due to some temporary or accidental cause which could not be prevented by the exercise of reasonable care.

### Road Traffic (Construction and Maintenance of Vehicles) Regulations (words omitted as spent—E.R. 2 of 2012) 《道路交通(車輛構造及保養)規例》

31A. Exhaust emission
(1) Without limiting regulation 31, this regulation applies to every motor vehicle (other than a motor cycle or a motor tricycle) that is—
(a) manufactured on or after 1 January 1975 and is equipped with a positive-ignition engine and uses unleaded petrol as fuel; or
(b) equipped with a positive-ignition engine and uses liquefied petroleum gas as fuel.
(2) A motor vehicle to which this regulation applies shall be so constructed and maintained that its exhaust emission is not excessive.
(3) For the purposes of paragraph (2), exhaust emission is excessive, in the case of a motor vehicle that is equipped with a positive-ignition engine and uses unleaded petrol as fuel, if the exhaust emission, measured in accordance with the procedure specified in column 2 of Part II of the Fourth Schedule and which is applicable to that motor vehicle having regard to its date of manufacture, does not comply with the standard applicable to that motor vehicle specified in column 3 of that Part.
(4) For the purposes of paragraph (2), exhaust emission is excessive, in the case of a motor vehicle that is equipped with a positive-ignition engine and uses liquefied petroleum gas as fuel, if the exhaust emission, measured in accordance with the procedure specified in column 1 of Part III of the Fourth Schedule, does not comply with the standard specified in column 2 of that Part.
(5) For the purposes of paragraphs (3) and (4), exhaust emission shall be measured by means of any one of the apparatuses specified by the Commissioner from time to time by notice published in the Gazette.
(6) For the avoidance of doubt, a notice under paragraph (5) is not subsidiary legislation.
(7) It shall be a defence in any proceedings in respect of a contravention of this regulation to prove that the excessive exhaust emission was due to some temporary or accidental cause which could not be prevented by the exercise of reasonable care.
(L.N. 160 of 2000)

### Road Traffic (Construction and Maintenance of Vehicles) Regulations (words omitted as spent—E.R. 2 of 2012) 《道路交通(車輛構造及保養)規例》

35. Mudguards and mudflaps
(1) Every motor vehicle, other than a bus, light bus, goods vehicle or special purpose vehicle, shall be equipped with mudguards or other similar fittings extending to cover the full width of each wheel and tyre and extending sufficiently around the circumference of each wheel and tyre to catch, so far as reasonably practicable, mud or water thrown up by the rotation of the wheels, unless adequate protection is afforded by the body of the vehicle.
(2) Subject to paragraph (3), every bus, light bus, goods vehicle or special purpose vehicle shall be equipped with—
(a) mudguards at all wheels; and
(b) mudflaps behind the rearmost wheels,

which shall be of specifications approved by the Commissioner as being reasonably necessary to ensure that, so far as is reasonably practicable, mud or water thrown up by the rotation of the wheels is caught.
(3) Paragraph (2) shall not apply if the body of the bus, light bus, goods vehicle or special purpose vehicle affords adequate protection to catch, so far as is reasonably practicable, mud or water thrown up by the rotation of the wheels.
(4) The Commissioner shall by notice in the Gazette publish the specifications of mudguards and mudflaps approved by him for the purpose of paragraph (2).
(5) In this regulation, mudflap (擋泥翼) means a device that acts as a lower extension to a mudguard.
(L.N. 113 of 1998)

36. Mascots and other attachments
No mascot or other unnecessary attachment shall be carried by a motor vehicle in any position where it is likely to strike any person with whom the vehicle may collide unless the mascot or attachment is not liable to cause injury to such person by reason of any projection thereon.

### Road Traffic (Construction and Maintenance of Vehicles) Regulations (words omitted as spent—E.R. 2 of 2012) 《道路交通(車輛構造及保養)規例》

37. Visual display units
(1) No person shall install or cause to be installed in or on a motor vehicle and no motor vehicle shall have installed therein or thereon a visual display unit other than a visual display unit that may be installed under paragraph (2)— (L.N. 1 of 2000)
(a) at any point forward of the driver’s seat;
(b) so that the screen thereof is partly or wholly, and whether directly or in any reflection, visible to the driver whilst in the driving seat; or
(c) so that the controls thereof, other than the sound volume control and the main switch, are within reach of the driver whilst in the driving seat.
(2) Subject to paragraph (3), a visual display unit that is designed to give the driver—
(a) information about the current state of the vehicle or its equipment;
(b) the current closed-circuit view of any part of the vehicle or the area surrounding the vehicle;
(c) information about the current location of the vehicle; or
(d) any other information which is only for the purpose of navigating the vehicle, 
may be installed in or on a motor vehicle. (L.N. 1 of 2000)
(3) A visual display unit which enables the display of—
(a) any television programme within the meaning of section 2(1) of the Broadcasting Ordinance (Cap. 562); or (48 of 2000 s. 44)
(b) any stored visual images except for the purposes of paragraph (2)(d),

may not be installed under paragraph (2) at a point forward of the driver’s seat as referred to in paragraph (1)(a) or in the manner referred to in paragraph (1)(b) or (c). (L.N. 1 of 2000)