community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: What two hand tools are commonly used in developing countries for harvesting cereal crops.
About the article "Cereal", section "Period".

Candidate passages:
Once the cereal plants have grown their seeds, they have completed their life cycle.
The plants die and become brown and dry.
As soon as the parent plants and their seed kernels are reasonably dry, harvest can begin.
In developed countries, cereal crops are universally machine-harvested, typically using a combine harvester, which cuts, threshes, and winnows the grain during a single pass across the field.
In developing countries, a variety of harvesting methods are in use, depending on the cost of labor, from combines to hand tools such as the scythe or cradle.
If a crop is harvested during wet weather, the grain may not dry adequately in the field to prevent spoilage during its storage.
In this case, the grain is sent to a dehydrating facility, where artificial heat dries it.
In North America, farmers commonly deliver their newly harvested grain to a grain elevator, a large storage facility that consolidates the crops of many farmers.
The farmer may sell the grain at the time of delivery or maintain ownership of a share of grain in the pool for later sale.
Storage facilities should be protected from small grain pests, rodents and birds.
Stover is the leaves and stalks of field crops, such as corn (maize), sorghum or soybean that are commonly left in a field after harvesting the grain.
It can be directly grazed by cattle or dried for use as fodder.
It is similar to straw, the residue left after any cereal grain or grass has been harvested at maturity for its seed.
Stover has attracted some attention as a potential fuel source, and as biomass for fermentation or as a feedstock for cellulosic ethanol production.
Corn stover has also attracted interest in mushroom compost preparation. 
Also displayed are some Neolithic tools (from the 4th millennium BC): a fishing weight, and a blade for harvesting crops. 
There is a wide variety of tools in "Harvest Moon 2 GBC".
Tools are used to carry out chores, care for livestock, and tend to crops. 
The economy is largely based on agriculture, farming, harvesting, trade and crafts.
The main crops produced are sorghum, maize, rice, millet, sweet potatoes, beans and groundnuts and the cultivation of vegetables such as onion, tomato, eggplant, greens, squash, okra, etc.
Cattle, sheep, goats, horses and poultry are reared, but are mostly intended for food supply.
There is also a grains bank in the main town of Tigana with cereal.
Question: Why did a section of the wall collapse in August 2012 in Hebei?
About the article "Great Wall of China", section "Condition".

Candidate passages:
While some portions north of Beijing and near tourist centers have been preserved and even extensively renovated, in many locations the Wall is in disrepair.
Those parts might serve as a village playground or a source of stones to rebuild houses and roads.
Sections of the Wall are also prone to graffiti and vandalism.
Parts have been destroyed because the Wall is in the way of construction.
More than of the wall in Gansu province may disappear in the next 20 years, due to erosion from sandstorms.
In places, the height of the wall has been reduced from more than to less than .
The square lookout towers that characterize the most famous images of the wall have disappeared completely.
Many western sections of the wall are constructed from mud, rather than brick and stone, and thus are more susceptible to erosion.
In August 2012, a section of the wall in north China's Hebei province collapsed after days of continuous heavy rains.
 Hebei Provincial Museum  
Hebei Zhongji was found on 28 May 2010 by Hebei FA and Hebei Zhongji Group.
They registered to play within China League Two, third tier of the Chinese football league system, as Hebei Yilinshanzhuang (Simplified Chinese: 河北依林山庄) for sponsorship reason in the 2011 league season.
They failed to advance into the Play-offs after finishing 5th place in the group stage.
On 17 October 2011, the cooperation relationship between Hebei FA and Hebei Zhongji Group terminated, the club was totally owned by Hebei Zhongji Group and the players who owned by Hebei FA splitted into a new team, Hebei Youth.
In the 2012 league season, Hebei Zhongji were deemed as the hottest club of promotion.
They finished 1st place in North Group with 18 wins, 5 draws and only 1 defeat.
However, Hebei Zhongji were knocked out for away goals rule in the quarter-finals of Play-offs by Hubei Huakaier 1-1 on aggregate.  
 Hebei Medical University  
Agricultural University of Hebei (河北农业大学 Héběi nóngyè dàxué) is a university in Baoding, Hebei, China under the provincial government.
Question: What are the salt lakes normally called?
About the article "Tunisia", section "Climate".

Candidate passages:
Molten salt is salt which is solid at standard temperature and pressure (STP) but enters the liquid phase due to elevated temperature.
A salt that is normally liquid even at STP is usually called a room temperature ionic liquid, although technically molten salts are a class of ionic liquids. 
The Salt Valley Lakes is a system of more than twenty lakes in Lancaster County, Nebraska.
Many of the lakes are state recreation areas or wildlife areas.
All of the lakes are within twenty-five miles of Lincoln, Nebraska.
"These areas around Lincoln cover 15,039 total acres, with 4,438 acres of water."
The Serpentine Lakes is a chain of salt lakes in the Great Victoria Desert of Australia.
It runs for almost along the border between South Australia and Western Australia.
When full, the lakes cover an area of .
Most of it is located in the Mamungari Conservation Park.
The Anne Beadell Highway crosses the northernmost arm of the lake.
The Serpentine Lakes are considered an important wetlands area.
They form part of a major palaeo-drainage system, a now-inactive drainage system from the Palaeozoic era.
The surface of the lake normally consists of dry clay, silt and sand, and is covered with a salty crust.
The sediment is mostly quartz arenite.
The lakes form the main channel of the palaeo-drainage system.
Other channels are covered by sand dunes and are not well defined.
Tektites high in magnesium have been found in these lakes. 
Brine lakes consist of water that has reached salt saturation or near saturation (brine), and may also be heavily saturated with other materials.
Most brine lakes develop as a result of high evaporation rates in an arid climate with a lack of an outlet to the ocean.
The high salt content in these bodies of water may come from minerals deposited from the surrounding land.
Another source for the salt may be that the body of water was formerly connected to the ocean.
While the water evaporates from the lake, the salt remains.
Eventually, the body of water will become brine.
Because of the density of brine, swimmers are more buoyant in brine than in fresh or ordinary salt water.
Examples of such brine lakes are the Dead Sea and the Great Salt Lake.
Bodies of brine may also form on the ocean floor at cold seeps.
These are sometimes called brine lakes, but are more frequently referred to as brine pools.
It is possible to observe waves on the surface of these bodies.
Man-made bodies of brine are created for edible salt production.
These can be referred to as brine ponds. 
The Lakes Aquarium contains both freshwater and salt water aquatic animals.
Question: how long have Norweigans been competitively skiing?
About the article "Nordic combined", section "History".

Candidate passages:
Strenio was born on February 8, 1989 in Burlington, Vermont.
He started skiing at the young age of 7 at Smuggler's Notch, Vermont, and quickly was skiing competitively.
In high school, he attended an academy with a renowned freestyle program called Waterville Valley Academy in New Hampshire.
While Strenio attended the freestyle portion of the program, the school's tuition was too high for him, so he brought his school work from Burlington High School in Vermont to the academy in New Hampshire to work though his assignments with a tutor.
His freestyle skiing career began at the age of 16 when he won the 3rd Avila Young Gun Open, beating out over a 100 other competitors and gaining him exposure in the freestyle skiing community.
In the same year, he entered Level 1’s Super Unknown III ski edit contest but lost to Michael Clarke.
While still in high school, he began filming with east coast film company Meathead Films and has been featured in their movies "Born from Ice, Snow Gods, Wanderland, Wild Stallions, Work it Out, Head for the Hills, and Prime Cut".
After graduating from high school, he attended the University of Utah pursuing a dual major in English and Film.
His school life is balanced with a busy schedule in competing and filming in freestyle skiing.
In an interview with ESPN, LJ Strenio brought up how chaotic things could be with his schedule.
He would sometimes have to pass up filming segments due to conflicts with his contest schedule. 
Economy and infrastructure.
In the Birkenau constituent community of Schnorrenbach is found a winter sport area with a 450 m-long downhill skiing slope and a skilift.
In summer, grass skiing is possible.
Floodlights have also been installed. 
A number of sports have been played competitively by the Cracovia Club including netball, tennis and table tennis. 
Creativity Olympiad is a unique event in which participants competitively engage in activities related to development of core creative competencies identified in Creative Learning - concentration, imagination, memory, thinking, power of observation and communication.
The 22 events held across five categories have activities ranging from Yogic exercises to art and music.
The month-long Olympiad is held annually at the School of Creative Learning.
It has been held at the school in 2009, 2010 and 2011. 
In 2005, Thomas earned more than $50,000 in prize money and made extensive media appearances.
She is unsure how long she will continue eating competitively, but she hopes to own a fast-food franchise one day.
She would like to compete in Japanese eating contests, which pay more but last longer than she prefers.
She intends to continue eating competitively until she either loses her desire, or falls out of the ranks of the elite eaters.
Question: Which year did da Vinci begin the Mona Lisa?
About the article "Mona Lisa", section "History".

Candidate passages:
The Mona Lisa is a world-famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci.
Mona Lisa may also refer to: 
  Leonardo da Vinci probably begins painting the "Mona Lisa" in Florence  Giuliano Bugiardini joins the painter's guild in Florence  First record of Matthias Grünewald painting  
The 16th-century portrait "Mona Lisa", or "La Gioconda" ("La Joconde"), painted in oil on a poplar panel by Leonardo da Vinci, has been the subject of a considerable deal of speculation. 
  Monna Vanna, by Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1866)  Dante and Beatrice", by Henry Holiday (1864)  "Monna Vanna", a nude version of the "Mona Lisa" painted by Salaì (Gian Giacomo Caprotti da Oreno), a pupil of Leonardo da Vinci.
("Monna" was the Renaissance title for "Lady", e.g., Mona Lisa, Monna Vanna).  
"Mona Lisa" is a popular song written by Ray Evans and Jay Livingston for the Paramount Pictures film "Captain Carey, U.S.A." (1950).
The title and lyrics refer to the renaissance portrait "Mona Lisa" painted by Leonardo da Vinci.
The song won the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1950.
Question: How long is the Fun Net program?
About the article "Netball", section "For children".

Candidate passages:
How the West Was Fun is a 1994 TV movie starring Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen. 
The song's narrator is a young man who talks about how fun his life has been, and there is something missing: a love with his partner he had for a long time. 
As a programming example for the new .NET platform and Visual Basic .NET programming language, in 2001 Microsoft developed a game called "Donkey .NET" in homage to "DONKEY.BAS".
"Donkey .NET" is a three-dimensional driving game in which the aim is to hit donkeys.
The game demonstrates to programmers how a Visual Basic .NET application can be structured and how to use various features of the .NET platform. 
The Cypriot Energy Regulatory Authority (CERA) announced a number of steps, aimed at facilitating development of Photovoltaics in Cyprus.
Among them is the large-scale application of Net metering.
CERA aims to reduce electricity prices for the households where net metering is applied, via fuel saving and carbon dioxide reduction.
Cyprus introduced net metering as pilot program in 2012.
The program concerns selected governmental buildings and a few communities only.
Its goal was to gain significant experience and knowledge on how to run the electricity grid using net metering. 
The "Fun With Jazz" Educational Program is a program of jazz educational concerts and demonstrations developed by Ray Reach and sponsored by the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame.
Question: What composer was featured in the score of The Shawshank Redemption?
About the article "The Shawshank Redemption", section "Music".

Candidate passages:
 Samuel Norton ("The Shawshank Redemption") shoots himself  
The Shawshank Redemption is the original soundtrack, on the Sony BMG label, of the 1994 film "The Shawshank Redemption" starring Morgan Freeman, Tim Robbins, Bob Gunton, William Sadler and Clancy Brown.
The original score was composed by Thomas Newman.
The album was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score and a Grammy Award: "Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television" but lost both to "The Lion King". 
Otis' performance of "Willie and the Hand Jive" was included in Clint Eastwood's 1971 film "Play Misty for Me".
This song can be heard in "The Shawshank Redemption". 
Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption is a novella by Stephen King, from his collection "Different Seasons" (1982), subtitled "Hope Springs Eternal".
It was adapted for the screen in 1994 as "The Shawshank Redemption", which was nominated for seven Academy Awards in 1994, including Best Picture.
In 2009, it was adapted for the stage as the play "The Shawshank Redemption".
The novella's plotline is heavily based on "God Sees the Truth, But Waits" by Leo Tolstoy. 
Samuel Norton may refer to: Samuel Norton, character in "The Shawshank Redemption" Samuel Tilden Norton
Question: On what latitude does the Czech Republic exist?
About the article "Czech Republic", section "Geography".

Candidate passages:
Iceland's first ambassador to the Czech Republic was Eiður Svanberg Guðnason in 1993.
Iceland's current ambassador to the Czech Republic is Stefán Skjaldarson.
Iceland does not have an embassy in the Czech Republic. 
The Czech Republic abolished compulsory military service on 31 December 2004. 
The official currency of Czech Republic is the Czech koruna (CZK).
The motifs used are: 
International disputes.
Liechtenstein claims restitution for (which is ten times the size of Liechtenstein) of land in the Czech Republic confiscated from its princely family in 1918 by the then newly established state of Czechoslovakia, the predecessor of the Czech Republic; the Czech Republic insists that the power to claim restitution does not go back before February 1948, when the Communists seized power; Liechtenstein did not diplomatically recognize the Czech Republic until 2009, and the Czech Republic in turn did not diplomatically recognize Liechtenstein.
On 13 July 2009 the Czech Republic and Liechtenstein established diplomatic relations. 
There is a large community of Ukrainians in the Czech Republic.
Labour migration from Ukraine to what is now the Czech Republic began to grow to a large scale in the early 1990s.
In 1991, there were just 8,500 Ukrainian citizens on Czech territory.
However, , figures of the Czech Statistical Office showed that number had grown to 132,481, making Ukrainians the largest group of foreigners in the CR, with a 30% share of the foreign population.
Question: Where is the show "Suburgatory" set?
About the article "Suburgatory", section "Location and setting".

Candidate passages:
  "Suburgatory: The Nutcracker" (2011)  "Suburgatory: Krampus" (2012)  
  "Suburgatory": "Thanksgiving" (2011)  "Suburgatory": "The Wishbone" (2012)  
  "Suburgatory": "Halloween" (2011)  "Suburgatory": "The Witch of East Chatswin" (2012)  
Deena Dill is an American actress and executive producer best known for her recurring roles on Nickelodeon's hit show iCarly, ABC's television series, Suburgatory, and The CW's sci fi series, Star-Crossed, as well as being a creator and executive producer of The CW's award-winning game show "Oh Sit!"
Elliot Hegarty (born 1971 in London, England) is a television director of American and British television.
His credits include "Roman's Empire", "Star Stories", "The Kevin Bishop Show", "FM", "Moving Wallpaper", "Notes from the Underbelly", "Mr. Sunshine", "The Middle", "Suburgatory," Great Night Out and Jack Whitehall's Bad Education.
His first directing credit was the 2000 film "County Kilburn" starring Ciarán McMenamin, a film he solely wrote.
He has been nominated for a BAFTA award.
Question: What is Prague's main airport?
About the article "Czech Republic", section "Transportation infrastructure".

Candidate passages:
Malostranské náměstí is the main square of Prague's Malá Strana.
From the square :cs:Mostecká ulice leads out to the Charles Bridge. 
Prague Aviation Museum, Kbely ("Letecké Muzeum Kbely") is a major aviation museum located at Prague's original airport at Kbely, north-east of the town centre near Route 10 (E.14). 
Rabat's main airport is Rabat-Salé Airport. 
Taking place towards the end of the Austria-Hungarian empire this exhibition was a demonstration of what was to soon become Czechoslovakia's desire for independence.
Its date marked 100 years since the first industrial exhibition held in 1791 in Prague's Klementinum when Prague was part of the Habsburg Monarchy.
The majority German population in Prague attempted to move the 1891 expo to the following year when it could not be used to mark the century.
And then when it was held largely boycotted it.
Sometimes known as the "Prague Jubilee Exhibition" the main site for the fair is now the Prague Exhibition Grounds close to Stromovka Park.
The biggest building was the Průmyslový palace designed by Bedřich Münzberger 
Viktoria's ground, FK Viktoria Stadion (Žižkov Stadion), is situated on Seifertova třída, just a short walk (one tram stop) from Prague's main railway station.
It has a capacity of 5,600.
In 2007 the club opened a fanshop at the ground for the sale of club mementos.
Question: What sport has been a core of the Olympics since 1912?
About the article "Modern pentathlon", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
Swimming has been a sport at every modern Summer Olympics.
It has been open to women since 1912.
Along with track & field athletics and gymnastics it is one of the most popular spectator sports at the Games and the one with the second largest number of events (after Athletics). 
The 5000 metres at the Summer Olympics has been contested since the fifth edition of the multi-sport event.
The men's 5000 m has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since 1912.
The 3000 metres was the first women's Olympic long-distance track event, making its initial appearance at the 1984 Olympics, and this distance was extended to match the men's event from 1996 onwards.
It is the most prestigious 5000 m race at elite level. 
The modern pentathlon is an Olympic sport that comprises five events: fencing, 200 m freestyle swimming, show jumping, and a final combined event of pistol shooting, and a 3200 m cross-country run.
The sport has been a core sport of the Olympic Games since 1912, and since 1949 an annual World Championship has been held.
Originally the competition took place over four or five days; however in 1996 a one-day format was adopted in an effort to be more audience-friendly.
However, modern pentathlon, despite its long Olympic history, has had to justify its inclusion in the modern Olympic Games on frequent occasions.
On February 11, 2013 in Lausanne, the IOC confirmed modern pentathlon once again as one of the 25 core sports of the Olympic program through until 2020.
The governing body, UIPM, administers the international sport in more than 90 countries in all the continents of the world.
The 400 metres hurdles at the Summer Olympics is the longest hurdling event held at the multi-sport event.
The men's 400 m hurdles has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since 1900, with a sole gap at the 1912 Summer Olympics.
The women's event was added to the programme over eighty years later, at the 1984 Olympics.
It is the most prestigious 400 m hurdles race at elite level. 
The 4×400 metres relay at the Summer Olympics is the longest track relay event held at the multi-sport event.
The men's relay has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since 1912 and the women's event has been continuously held since the 1972 Olympics.
It is the most prestigious 4×400 m relay race at elite level.
At the 1908 Summer Olympics, a precursor to this event was held – the 1600 m medley relay.
This event, with two legs of 200 m, one of 400 m, and a final leg of 800 m, was the first track relay in Olympic history.
Question: What is a synonym of Waza?
About the article "Judo", section "Judo "waza" (techniques)".

Candidate passages:
 "waza" (techniques).
There are three basic categories of in judo: , and .
Judo is most known for "nage-waza" and "katame-waza".
Judo practitioners typically devote a portion of each practice session to , in order that "nage-waza" can be practiced without significant risk of injury.
Several distinct types of "ukemi" exist, including ; ; ; and The person who performs a "Waza" is known as and the person to whom it is performed is known as .
It belonged to the fifth group, Gokyo, of the 1895 Gokyo no Waza lists.
[http://www.judoinfo.com/gokyo.htm] It is categorized as a hand technique, Te-waza. 
"Atemi-waza" are techniques in which "tori" disables "uke" with a strike to a vital point.
"Atemi-waza" are not permitted outside of "kata". 
Habukareta Waza, of Judo.
It belonged to the fourth group, Yonkyo, ofthe 1895 Gokyo no Waza lists.
It is categorized as a side sacrifice technique, Yoko-sutemi.
The ground version is a "turtle turnover". 
The origin of the name "Wazap" has historical relevance to both Japanese and English languages.
"Wazap" is a combination of the word "Waza" and the English word for "up."
In Japanese, "Waza" means "technique."
Judokas, apprentices of the martial art of Judo, may connect the term with another word.
For example, "waza-ari" means "technique existent."
The two words "waza" and "up" were similarly combined to create a new word which means "to improve, to reach/aim higher."