Question: How much of the Marshall plan aid was Germany supposed to repay?
About the article "Marshall Plan", section "Loans and Grants".

Candidate passages:
The Marshall plan, just as GARIOA, consisted of aid both in the form of grants and in the form of loans.
Out of the total, 1.2 billion USD were loan-aid.
Ireland which received 146.2 million USD through the Marshall plan, received 128.2 million USD as loans, and the remaining 18 million USD as grants.
By 1969 the Irish Marshal plan debt, which was still being repaid, amounted to 31 million pounds, out of a total Irish foreign debt of 50 million pounds.
The UK received 385 million USD of its Marshall plan aid in the form of loans.
Unconnected to the Marshall plan the UK also received direct loans from the US amounting to 4.6 billion USD.
The proportion of Marshall plan loans versus Marshall plan grants was roughly 15% to 85% for both the UK and France.
Germany, which up until the 1953 Debt agreement had to work on the assumption that all the Marshall plan aid was to be repaid, spent its funds very carefully.
Payment for Marshall plan goods, "counterpart funds", were administered by the Reconstruction Credit Institute, which used the funds for loans inside Germany.
In the 1953 Debt agreement the amount of Marshall plan aid that Germany was to repay was reduced to less than 1 billion USD.
This made the proportion of loans versus grants to Germany similar to that of France and the UK.
The final German loan repayment was made in 1971.
Since Germany chose to repay the aid debt out of the German Federal budget, leaving the German ERP fund intact, the fund was able to continue its reconstruction work.
By 1996 it had accumulated a value of 23 billion Deutsche Mark.
With the Western Allies eventually becoming concerned about the deteriorating economic situation in their "Trizone"; the US Marshall Plan of economic aid to Europe was extended also to Western Germany in 1948 and a currency reform, which had been prohibited under the occupation directive JCS 1067, introduced the Deutsche Mark and halted rampant inflation.
Though the Marshall Plan is regarded as playing a key role in the German recovery, its role was more of a psychological than economic nature.
Libertarians, particularly, stress the role of Erhard's economic policies, and point out to the detraction of the monetary significance of the Marshall plan that besides simultaneously demanding large reparations payments "the Allies charged the Germans DM 7.2 billion annually ($2.4 billion) for their costs of occupying Germany".
Germany received roughly $1.4 billion in total from the Marshall plan over the years, as loans.
However, in 1953 it was decided that Germany was to repay only $1.1 billion of the aid it had received (through Marshall and the previous GARIOA).
The last repayment was made in June 1971. 
The first substantial aid went to Greece and Turkey in January 1947, which were seen as the front line of the battle against communist expansion, and were already receiving aid under the Truman Doctrine.
Initially Britain had supported the anti-communist factions in those countries, but due to its dire economic condition it decided to pull out and in February 1947 requested the U.S. to continue its efforts.
The ECA formally began operation in July 1948.
The ECA's official mission statement was to give a boost to the European economy: to promote European production, to bolster European currency, and to facilitate international trade, especially with the United States, whose economic interest required Europe to become wealthy enough to import U.S. goods.
Another unofficial goal of ECA (and of the Marshall Plan) was the containment of growing Soviet influence in Europe, evident especially in the growing strength of communist parties in Czechoslovakia, France, and Italy.
The Marshall Plan money was transferred to the governments of the European nations.
The funds were jointly administered by the local governments and the ECA.
Each European capital had an ECA envoy, generally a prominent American businessman, who would advise on the process.
The cooperative allocation of funds was encouraged, and panels of government, business, and labor leaders were convened to examine the economy and see where aid was needed.
The Marshall Plan aid was mostly used for the purchase of goods from the United States.
The European nations had all but exhausted their foreign exchange reserves during the war, and the Marshall Plan aid represented almost their sole means of importing goods from abroad.
At the start of the plan these imports were mainly much-needed staples such as food and fuel, but later the purchases turned towards reconstruction needs as was originally intended.
In the latter years, under pressure from the United States Congress and with the outbreak of the Korean War, an increasing amount of the aid was spent on rebuilding the militaries of Western Europe.
Of the some $13 billion allotted by mid-1951, $3.4 billion had been spent on imports of raw materials and semi-manufactured products; $3.2 billion on food, feed, and fertilizer; $1.9 billion on machines, vehicles, and equipment; and $1.6 billion on fuel.
Also established were counterpart funds, which used Marshall Plan aid to establish funds in the local currency.
According to ECA rules 60% of these funds had to be invested in industry.
This was prominent in Germany, where these government-administered funds played a crucial role in lending money to private enterprises which would spend the money rebuilding.
These funds played a central role in the reindustrialization of Germany.
In 1949–50, for instance, 40% of the investment in the German coal industry was by these funds.
The companies were obligated to repay the loans to the government, and the money would then be lent out to another group of businesses.
This process has continued to this day in the guise of the state owned KfW bank, (Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau, meaning Reconstruction Credit Institute).
The Special Fund, then supervised by the Federal Economics Ministry, was worth over DM 10 billion in 1971.
In 1997 it was worth DM 23 billion.
Through the revolving loan system, the Fund had by the end of 1995 made low-interest loans to German citizens amounting to around DM 140 billion.
The other 40% of the counterpart funds were used to pay down the debt, stabilize the currency, or invest in non-industrial projects.
France made the most extensive use of counterpart funds, using them to reduce the budget deficit.
In France, and most other countries, the counterpart fund money was absorbed into general government revenues, and not recycled as in Germany. 
The Marshall Plan gave a moral boost, but very little actual financial assistance until the recovery was already in full swing.
Meanwhile thousands of the best German researchers and engineers were being put to work in the Soviet Union and in the U.S. (see Operation Paperclip)The Marshall Plan was only extended to Western Germany after it was realized that the suppression of its economy was holding back the recovery of other European countries and was not the main force behind the "Wirtschaftswunder".
Had that been the case, other countries such as the United Kingdom, which received much greater economic assistance than Germany, should have experienced the same phenomenon.
However, often overlooked is the effect of the "unofficial contributions" of 150,000 U.S. occupation troops, earning as much as 4 Deutschmark to the dollar.
These marks were spent within Germany to buy food, luxury items, beer and cars, as well as entertaining the locals and for prostitutes.
During exercises such numbers of soldiers would swell to over 250,000.
Nonetheless, the amount of monetary aid, which was mainly in the form of loans, about $1.4 billion, was greatly overshadowed by the amount the Germans had to pay back as war reparations and by the charges the Allies made on the Germans for the ongoing cost of the occupation, about $2.4 billion per year.
In 1953 it was decided that Germany would repay $1.1 billion of the aid it had received.
The last repayment was made in June 1971.
The demands of the Korean war in 1950–53 led to a global shortage of goods that helped overcome lingering resistance to the purchase of German products.
At the time Germany had a large pool of skilled labour, partly as a result of the deportations and migrations which affected up to 16.5 million Germans.
This helped Germany to more than double the value of its exports during and shortly after the war.
Apart from these factors, hard work and long hours at full capacity among the population in the 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s and extra labour supplied by thousands of Gastarbeiter ("guest workers", since the late 1950s) provided a vital base for the sustainment of the economic upturn with additional workforce.
From the late 1950s onwards, West Germany had one of the world's strongest economies.
The East German economy also showed strong growth, but not as much as in West Germany, due to the bureaucratic system, emigration of working-age Germans to West Germany and continued reparations to the USSR in terms of resources.
Unemployment hit a record low of 0.7–0.8% in 1961–1966 and 1970–1971.
Ludwig Erhard, who served as Minister of the Economy in Chancellor Adenauer's cabinet from 1949 until 1963 and would later rise to Chancellor himself, is often associated with the German "Wirtschaftswunder". 
Germany received GARIOA help between July 1946 and March 1950.
In 1946 the US Congress had voted GARIOA funds to prevent "such disease and unrest as would endanger the forces of occupation" in occupied Germany.
Congress stipulated that the funds were only to be used to import food, petroleum and fertilizers.
Use of GARIOA funds to import raw materials of vital importance to the German industry was explicitly forbidden.
At the time the US still operated under the occupation directive JCS 1067 which directed US forces to "take no steps looking toward the economic rehabilitation of Germany designed to maintain or strengthen the German economy".
(see Industrial plans for Germany)In 1948 the combined US and UK expenditure on relief food in Germany stood at a total of close to $1.5 billion.
Still, German food rations were deficient in composition and remained far below recommended minimum nutrition levels.
Officials in authority admitted that the distributed rations "represented a fairly rapid starvation level".
The aid received by Germany through GARIOA was, just as the later Marshall plan aid (starting 1948), charged to the Germans.
By 1953 West Germany's combined GARIOA and Marshall plan debt was over $3.3 billion.
It was however decided in 1953 that West Germany only had to repay $1.1 billion.
The amount was repaid by 1971.
During 1945 private organizations such as the International Red Cross had been prohibited by the Allies from assisting ethnic Germans with food supplies, but in early 1946 this prohibition was rescinded (see CRALOG).
In the spring of 1946 the International Red Cross was also finally allowed to visit and provide limited amounts of food aid to prisoners of war in the US occupation zone.
(see Disarmed Enemy Forces).