Question: What date did novelist Michael Chabon sign on to write the film's script?
About the article "Magic Kingdom", section "Planned film".

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Although Michael Chabon has described his attitude toward Hollywood as "pre-emptive cynicism," for years the author has nevertheless engaged in sustained, and often fruitless, efforts to bring both adapted and original projects to the screen.
In 1994, Chabon pitched a screenplay entitled "The Gentleman Host" to producer Scott Rudin, a romantic comedy "about old Jewish folks on a third-rate cruise ship out of Miami".
Rudin bought the project and developed it with Chabon, but it was never filmed, partly due to the release of the similarly themed film "Out to Sea" in 1997.
In the nineties, Chabon also pitched story ideas for both theX-Men and the Fantastic Four movies, but was rejected.
When Scott Rudin was adapting "Wonder Boys" for the screen, the author declined an offer to write the screenplay, saying he was too busy writing "The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay".
Directed by Curtis Hanson and starring Michael Douglas, "Wonder Boys" was released in 2000 to critical acclaim and financial failure.
Having bought the film rights to "The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay", Rudin then asked Chabon to work on that film's screenplay.
Although Chabon spent 16 months in 2001 and 2002 working on the novel's film adaptation, the project has been mired in pre-production for years.
Chabon's work, however, remains popular in Hollywood, with Rudin purchasing the film rights to "The Yiddish Policemen's Union", then titled "Hatzeplatz", in 2002, five years before the book would be published.
The same year, Miramax bought the rights to "Summerland" and "Tales of Mystery and Imagination" (a planned collection of eight genre short stories that Chabon has not yet written), each of which was optioned for a sum in the mid-six figures.
Chabon also wrote a draft for 2004's "Spider-Man 2", about a third of which was used in the final film.
Soon after "Spider-Man 2" was released, director Sam Raimi mentioned that he hoped to hire Chabon to work on the film's sequel, "if I can get him," but Chabon never worked on "Spider-Man 3".
In October 2004, it was announced that Chabon was at work writing Disney's "Snow and the Seven", a live-action martial arts retelling of "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" to be directed by master Hong Kong fight choreographer and director Yuen Wo Ping.
In August 2006, Chabon said that he had been replaced on "Snow", sarcastically explaining that the producers wanted to go in "more of a fun direction.
"Although Chabon was uninvolved with the project, director Rawson Marshall Thurber shot a film adaptation of "The Mysteries of Pittsburgh" in fall 2006.
The film, which stars Sienna Miller and Peter Sarsgaard, was released in April 2008.
In February 2008, Scott Rudin reported that a film adaptation of "The Yiddish Policemen's Union" was in pre-production, to be written and directed by the Coen brothers.
In April 2009, Chabon confirmed he had been hired to do revisions to the script for Disney's "John Carter". 
In 2010, director Jon Favreau and Walt Disney Pictures had a plan to produce and release a film concerning a family at Disneyland which finds the theme park characters and attractions coming to life.
Favreau, who said "the Disney iconography was probably the first set of archetypes that I was exposed to" and that Disney movies and attractions "made a deep impression on me as a child", noted that, "When I first heard about the ['Magic Kingdom' film] project, I was on my way to visit Disneyland with my family.
I took notes and had no problem filling a book with all the ideas that this concept offered, even on first blush.
"Marc Abraham and Eric Newman of Strike Entertainment were scheduled to produce the film.
Writer-producer Ronald D. Moore had previously written an original script for the project, which the studio eventually declined to use, stating that Favreau and a new screenwriter would develop a new script.
On June 20, 2011, novelist Michael Chabon signed on to write the film's script.
After the success of "The Mysteries of Pittsburgh", Chabon spent five years working on a second novel.
Called "Fountain City", the novel was a "highly ambitious opus ... about an architect building a perfect baseball park in Florida", and it eventually ballooned to 1,500 pages, with no end in sight.
The process was frustrating for Chabon, who, in his words, "never felt like I was conceptually on steady ground.
"At one point, Chabon submitted a 672-page draft to his agent and editor, who disliked the work.
Chabon had problems dropping the novel, though.
"It was really scary", he said later.
"I'd already signed a contract and been paid all this money.
And then I'd gotten a divorce and half the money was already with my ex-wife.
My instincts were telling me, This book is fucked.
Just drop it.
But I didn't, because I thought, What if I have to give the money back?"
"I used to go down to my office and fantasize about all the books I could write instead.
"When he finally decided to abandon "Fountain City", Chabon recalls staring at his blank computer for hours, before suddenly picturing "a 'straitlaced, troubled young man with a tendency toward melodrama' trying to end it all."
He began writing, and within a couple of days, had written 50 pages of what would become his second novel, "Wonder Boys".
Chabon drew on his experiences with "Fountain City" for the character of Grady Tripp, a frustrated novelist who has spent years working on an immense fourth novel.
The author wrote "Wonder Boys" in a dizzy seven-month streak, without telling his agent or publisher he'd abandoned "Fountain City".
The book, published in 1995, was a commercial and critical success.
In late 2010, "An annotated, four-chapter fragment" from the unfinished 1,500 page manuscript "Fountain City" "complete with cautionary introduction and postscript" written by Chabon was included in "McSweeney's 36". 
Immediately after finishing "Spider-Man", director Sam Raimi segued into directing a sequel.
In April 2002, Sony hired Alfred Gough and Miles Millar to write a script with Doctor Octopus, the Lizard and Black Cat as villains.
On May 8, 2002, following "Spider-Man"'s record breaking $115 million opening weekend, Sony Pictures announced a sequel for 2004.
Entitled "The Amazing Spider-Man", after the character's main comic book title, the film was given a budget of $200 million and aimed for a release date of May 7, 2004.
The following month, David Koepp was added to co-write with Gough and Millar.
In September 2002, Michael Chabon was hired to rewrite.
His draft had a younger Doc Ock, who becomes infatuated with Mary Jane.
His mechanical limbs use endorphins to counteract the pain of being attached to his body, which he enjoys.
When he injures two muggers on a date, this horrifies Mary Jane and in the resulting battle with Spider-Man his tentacles are fused together, and the fusion begins to kill him.
In the script, Octavius is the creator of the genetically-altered spider from the first film, and gives Peter an antidote to remove his powers: this means when Octavius is dying with his tentacles, he wants to extract Spider-Man's spine to save himself.
This leads to the alliance with Harry in the final film.
Beforehand, Harry and the "Daily Bugle" put a $10 million price on Spider-Man's head, causing the city's citizens to turn against him.
Producer Avi Arad rejected the love triangle angle on Ock, and found Harry putting a price on Spider-Man's head unsubtle.
Raimi sifted through the previous drafts by Gough, Millar, Koepp and Chabon, picking what he liked with screenwriter Alvin Sargent.
He felt that thematically the film had to explore Peter's conflict with his personal wants against his responsibility, exploring the positive and negatives of his chosen path, and how he ultimately decides that he can be happy as a heroic figure.
Raimi stated the story was partly influenced by "Superman II", which also explored the titular hero giving up his responsibilities.
The story is mainly taken from "The Amazing Spider-Man" No.
50, "Spider-Man No More!"
It was decided that Doc Ock would be kept as the villain, as he was both a visually interesting villain who was a physical match for Spider-Man, and a sympathetic figure with humanity.
Raimi changed much of the character's backstory however, adding the idea of Otto Octavius being a hero of Peter, and how their conflict was about trying to rescue him from his demons rather than kill him. 
Throughout 1989 and 1990, Stan Lee and Chris Claremont were in discussions with James Cameron and Carolco Pictures for an "X-Men" film adaptation.
The deal fell apart when Cameron went to work on "Spider-Man", Carolco went bankrupt, and the film rights reverted to Marvel Studios.
In December 1992, Marvel discussed selling the property to Columbia Pictures to no avail.
Meanwhile, Avi Arad produced the animated "X-Men" TV series for Fox Kids.
20th Century Fox was impressed by the success of the TV show, and producer Lauren Shuler Donner purchased the film rights for them in 1994.
Andrew Kevin Walker was hired to write the script in early 1994.
Walker's draft involved Professor Xavier recruiting Wolverine into the X-Men, which consists of Cyclops, Jean Grey, Iceman, Beast, and Angel.
The Brotherhood of Mutants, which consisted of Magneto, Sabretooth, Toad, Juggernaut and the Blob, try to conquer New York City, while Henry Peter Gyrich and Bolivar Trask attack the X-Men with three tall Sentinels.
The script focused on the rivalry between Wolverine and Cyclops, as well as the latter's self-doubt as a field leader.
Part of the backstory invented for Magneto made him the cause of the Chernobyl disaster.
The script also featured the X-Copter and the Danger Room.
Walker turned in his second draft in June 1994.
More scripts were written by John Logan, James Schamus, and Joss Whedon.
One of these scripts kept the idea of Magneto turning Manhattan into a "mutant homeland", while another hinged on a romance between Wolverine and Storm.
Whedon's draft heavily featured the Danger Room, and concluded with Jean Grey dressed as the Phoenix.
According to "Entertainment Weekly", this screenplay was rejected because of its "quick-witted pop culture-referencing tone", and the finished film contained only two dialogue exchanges that Whedon had contributed.
In 1996, Fox approached Michael Chabon to write a script.
Chabon's six-page film treatment focused heavily on character development between Wolverine and Jubilee.
It also included Professor X, Cyclops, Jean Grey, Nightcrawler, Beast, Iceman, and Storm.
Under Chabon's plan, the villains would not have been introduced until the second film.
Robert Rodriguez was approached to direct, but turned down the offer.
Bryan Singer was looking to do a science fiction film after the release of "The Usual Suspects".
Fox approached Singer for "Alien Resurrection", but producer Tom DeSanto felt "X-Men" would be a better opportunity as he was impressed with how Singer directed an ensemble cast in "The Usual Suspects".
Singer turned down the offer, believing that comic books were unintelligent literature.
By July 1996, Singer had further turned down the film another two times, and finally accepted after reading the comics and watching the animated series.
The themes of prejudice in the comic resonated with Singer.
By December 1996, Singer was in the director's position, while Ed Solomon was hired to write the script in April 1997, and Singer went to film "Apt Pupil".
Fox then announced a Christmas 1998 release date.
In late 1997, the budget was projected at $60 million.
In late 1998, Singer and DeSanto sent a treatment to Fox, which they believed was "perfect" because it took "seriously" the themes and the comparisons between Xavier and Magneto and Martin Luther King and Malcolm X, unlike the other scripts.
They made Rogue an important character because Singer recognized that her mutation, which renders her unable to touch anyone, was the most symbolic of alienation.
Singer merged attributes of Kitty Pryde and Jubilee into the film's depiction of Rogue.
Magneto's plot to mutate the world leaders into accepting his people is reminiscent of how Constantine I's conversion to Christianity ended the persecution of early Christians in the Roman Empire; the analogy was emphasized in a deleted scene in which Storm teaches history.
Senator Kelly's claim that he has a list of mutants living in the United States recalls Joseph McCarthy's similar claim regarding communists.
Fox, who had projected the budget at $75 million, rejected the treatment which they estimated would have cost $5 million more.
Beast, Nightcrawler, Pyro, and the Danger Room had to be deleted before the studio greenlighted "X-Men".
Fox head Thomas Rothman argued that this would enhance the story, and Singer concurred that removing the Danger Room allowed him to focus on other scenes he preferred.
Elements of Beast, particularly his medical expertise, were transferred to Jean Grey.
Singer and DeSanto brought Christopher McQuarrie from "The Usual Suspects", and together did another rewrite.
David Hayter simultaneously rewrote the screenplay, receiving solo screenplay credit from the Writers Guild of America, while Singer and DeSanto were given story credit.
The WGA offered McQuarrie a credit, but he voluntarily took his name off when the final version was more in line with Hayter's script than his.