Question: Where did modern fencing originate from?
About the article "Fencing", section "History".

Candidate passages:
This is an outline of fencing related topics.
Fencing – family of combat sports using bladed weapons.
Fencing is one of four sports which have been featured at every one of the modern Olympic Games.
Also known as modern fencing to distinguish it from historical fencing. 
Fencing practice and techniques of modern competitive fencing are governed by the FIE, though they developed from conventions developed in 18th- and 19th-century Europe to govern fencing as a martial art and a gentlemanly pursuit.
The modern weapons for sport fencing are the foil, épée, and sabre. 
The ancestor of modern fencing originated in Spain, where several books on fencing were written.
"Treatise on Arms" was written by Diego de Valera between 1458 and 1471 and is one of the oldest surviving manuals on western fencing shortly before dueling came under official ban by the Catholic Monarchs.
In conquest, the Spanish forces carried fencing around the world, particularly southern Italy, one of the major areas of strife between both nations.
The mechanics of modern fencing originated in the 18th century in an Italian school of fencing of the Renaissance, and, under their influence, was improved by the French school of fencing.
The Spanish school of fencing stagnated and was replaced by the Italian and French schools.
Nowadays, these two schools are the most influential around the world.
Dueling went into sharp decline after World War I.
After World War II, dueling went out of use in Europe except for very rare exceptions.
Training for duels, once fashionable for males of aristocratic backgrounds (although fencing masters such as Hope suggest that many people considered themselves trained from taking only one or two lessons), all but disappeared, along with the classes themselves.
Fencing continued as a sport, with tournaments and championships.
However, the need to actually prepare for a duel with "sharps" vanished, changing both training and technique.
Starting with épée in 1936, side-judges were replaced by an electrical scoring apparatus, with an audible tone and a red or green light indicating when a touch landed.
Foil first embraced electronic scoring in 1956, sabre in 1988.
The scoring box reduced the bias in judging, and permitted more accurate scoring of faster actions, lighter touches, and more touches to the back and flank than before.
In the United States (and elsewhere), renewed interest in Western martial arts (beginning in the 1990s) has led some groups—often peer-led—to attempt to study classical fencing (e.g.
from books or instructional videos) without the guidance of a classically-trained instructor, creating further variation in the classical fencing community.
These groups, in an effort to become more historically authentic, sometimes shift their focus to older, pre-19th-century weapons and techniques—i.e.
historical fencing.
Today, classical fencing clubs (and classical fencing instructors and masters) can be found in Europe, the United States, Canada, and Australia.
Because there is no agreement as to the exact rules of classical fencing and because competition is de-emphasized, what competitions exist are generally local or regional in nature, with the rules depending upon where the tournament is held.
However, there are a number of generalizations that unify contemporary classical fencing.
First of these is the expression that "classical fencing is a frank encounter between two opponents" where the object is to touch the other fencer without being touched.
Even though the "weapons" are blunt, the fencers treat them as though they were in fact sharp.
Classical fencing still uses the same weapons that have been used in fencing since the early 19th century—namely, the standard (non-electric) foil, standard épée (equipped with a pointe d'arret), and sabre (including both blunted dueling sabres and modern standard sporting sabres).
Olympic and classical fencing differ in the use of weapon grips for foil and épée.
In sport fencing, the most used handle for foil and épée is the pistol grip, with the French retaining significant use in épée.
Classical fencing prohibits the pistol grip, and uses the Italian and French grips primarily, and occasionally the Spanish grip.
Safety equipment for classical fencing is essentially the same as used in Olympic fencing.
It includes: A fencing mask, typically made of a wire mesh; A white fencing jacket, which may be canvas duck, stretch nylon, or some other puncture-resistant material; and A fencing glove, which protects the hand and overlaps the sleeve of the jacket.
Fencers also usually wear knickers (in British English called breeches) of material similar to the jacket, with knee-high white socks, or long pants and athletic shoes.
There should be no exposed flesh.
In addition, female fencers wear rigid breast protection in the form of cups or a chestplate (as do some male fencers, albeit a flat chestplate in that case).
Male fencers often wear an athletic cup.
Fencers of both genders wear an underarm protector called a plastron worn on the side of the fencer facing the opponent.
This provides additional protection in the event of a broken blade penetrating the fencing jacket. 
Other variants include chair fencing, "one-hit épée" (one of the five events which constitute modern pentathlon) and the various types of non-Olympic competitive fencing.
Chair fencing is similar to wheelchair fencing but for the able bodied.
The opponents set up opposing chairs and fence while seated; all the usual rules of fencing are applied.
An example of the latter is the American Fencing League (distinct from the United States Fencing Association): the format of competitions is different and the right of way rules are interpreted in a different way.
In a number of countries, school and university matches deviate slightly from the FIE format.