community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: How many barges were sunk in Dunkirk?
About the article "Battle of Britain", section "Bomber and Coastal Command contributions".

Candidate passages:
Six British and three French destroyers were sunk, along with nine other major vessels.
In addition, 19 destroyers were damaged.
Over 200 British and Allied sea craft were sunk, with a similar number damaged.
The Royal Navy's most significant losses in the operation were six destroyers:  , sunk by on 29 May  , sunk by air attack at Dunkirk on 29 May  , sunk by a torpedo from the E-boat "S-30" on 29 May  , , and , sunk by air attack off the beaches on 1 June The French Navy lost three destroyers:  , mined off Nieuport on 30 May  , sunk by the E-boats "S-23" and "S-26" on 31 May  "Le Foudroyant", sunk by air attack off the beaches on 1 June  
 ' (): World War II: Convoy GUS 38: The was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea () by () with the loss of 29 of her 215 crew.
Survivors were rescued by () and other ships. '
() : World War II: The Fairmile D motor torpedo boat was bombed by Allied aircraft and then shelled and sunk by Allied warships in the English Channel. '
(): World War II: The ) was sunk by IJN barges and shore batteries off Bouganville ().  
More than a dozen LCAs were used in evacuating the BEF from Dunkirk (Operation Dynamo).
Eight LCAs were sent to Dunkirk on a merchant ship, SS "Clan MacAlister".
Designed to be hoisted on the standard passenger liner davits used for the 99 man lifeboats, the LCA could be carried and launched from a large number of Merchant Navy vessels.
"Clan MacAlister" began hoisting out LCAs upon arriving off Dunkirk, 29 May, but was attacked and sunk before releasing half the craft.
Five LCAs were lost with "Clan MacAlister".
The remaining eight began taking soldiers off the beaches at La Panne and Dunkirk.
One became stranded on the beach and was set afire by its crew.
The balance returned to England “in a bad way” after taking some 2,000 soldiers directly off the beaches. 
Dunkirk takes its name from Dunkirk, in France. 
 ' (): World War II: the cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Pacific Ocean by ().
(): World War II: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Indian Ocean () by () with the loss of seven of her 44 crew.
One survivor was taken aboard "U-198" as a prisoner of war, the rest were rescued by (). '
() : World War II: The () was sunk by Kriegsmarine warships off Dunkirk. '
(): World War II: The ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Pacific Ocean west of Kyushu by (). '
(): World War II: The ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Pacific Ocean west of Kyushu by ().
Question: What is the name of the friend who disappears?
About the article "Pretty Little Liars", section "Overview".

Candidate passages:
McGee investigates what happened to a young woman after she disappears into the expatriate subculture of hippies and drug addicts in Mexico, and is found dead. 
Hercule Poirot and his associate, Captain Hastings, are called in by his eccentric mystery author friend, Ariadne Oliver, to a manor house in Devon.
Oliver is organizing a "Murder Hunt" game for a local fair to be held at Nass House, but she is troubled by something she cannot quite put her foot on.
Things take a turn for the worse when during the "Murder Hunt" the girl playing the "dead" body is murdered for real.
Soon afterwards, the lady of the manor mysteriously disappears and an old man's body is pulled from the river.
Poirot must discover who and what are behind these seemly unconnected events. 
Friendsville is named after its first European settler John Friend, who came to what is now Garrett County before the Revolution.
Many of John Friend's descendants live in Garrett County today, and the headquarters and library of the Friend Family Association are in Friendsville because of this connection. 
Guy Holden, an American writer traveling in England, falls madly in love with a woman named Mimi, who disappears after their first encounter.
To take his mind off his lost love, his friend Teddy Egbert, a British attorney, takes him to Brighton Beach, where Egbert has arranged for a "paid co-respondent" to assist his client in obtaining a divorce from her boring, aging, geologist husband Robert.
What Holden does not know is that the client is none other than Mimi, who in turn mistakes him — because he is too ashamed of his occupation to say what it is, namely pseudonymously writing cheap "bodice ripper" romance novels — for the paid co-respondent.
At the end, when her husband appears, he is unconvinced by the faked adultery—but is then unwittingly revealed, by the waiter at the resort, to have been genuinely adulterous himself. 
"The Locked Room" is the story of a writer who lacks the creativity to produce fiction.
Fanshawe, his childhood friend, has produced creative work, and when he disappears the writer publishes his work and replaces him in his family.
The title is a reference to a "locked room mystery", a popular form of early detective fiction.
Question: What year was Knepper nominated for Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Series?
About the article "Prison Break", section "Awards and nominations".

Candidate passages:
Following a successful airing of the series' first thirteen episodes, "Prison Break" was nominated for its first award, the 2005 People's Choice Award for Favorite New TV Drama.
The series won the award in January 2006, beating other nominees in the same category, "Commander in Chief" and "Criminal Minds".
In January 2006, the show had two nominations at the 63rd Golden Globe Awards, which were Best Drama Television Series and Best Actor in a Drama Television Series for Wentworth Miller's performance.
The show's lead actor, Wentworth Miller, received another nomination for his performance in the first season at the 2005 Saturn Awards for Best Actor on Television.
Likewise, the series was nominated for 2005 Saturn Award for Best Network Television Series.
At the 2006 Television Critics Association Awards, the show was nominated for Best New Drama Series.
Nominations for technical awards include the 2006 Eddie Award for Best Edited One-Hour Series for Commercial Television (Mark Helfrich for the pilot episode), and the 2006 Primetime Emmy award for Outstanding Main Title Theme Music (Ramin Djawadi).
In December 2006, Robert Knepper was nominated for the 2006 Satellite Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Series, Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for Television.
David Doyle was nominated for a 1977 Emmy Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Drama Series, and a 1980 Golden Globe Award for Best TV Actor in a Supporting Role. 
  2002: Nominated in Best Actor in a Supporting Role at AFI Awards for his role in "Australian Rules"  2005: Nominated for Actor of the Year at The Deadlys for his role in "The Alice"  2006: Nominated in Best Guest or Supporting Actor in Television Drama at AFI Awards for his role in "RAN"  2009: Nominated for Actor of the Year at The Deadlys for his role in "Stone Bros."  
"Jack the Ripper" was nominated for the following awards:  Emmy -1989- Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Special: Armand Assante Nominated Golden Globe -1989- Best Performance by an Actor in a Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for TV: Michael Caine Won (Award Tied) Golden Globe -1989- Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Series, Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for TV: Armand Assante Nominated
Question: What did Pekk Pyykko theorize about the Madelung rule?
About the article "Periodic table", section "Further periodic table extensions".

Candidate passages:
(*) Exception to the Madelung rule 
(*) Exception to the Madelung rule 
  Elements.(?)
Prediction(*) Exception to the Madelung rule.
(**) Probably an exception to the Madelung rule. 
Two times the PEKK has chosen the "best Greek films of all times", initially in 1986 and for second time in 2006.
Bellow follows the list with the best Greek movies according to PEKK.  
The order of sequence of atomic orbitals (according to Madelung rule or Klechkowski rule) can be remembered by using the following visual mnemonics.
Question: What designer is known for the Statue of Liberty?
About the article "Statue of Liberty", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
The Statue of Liberty is a colossal statue in New York harbor.
The Statue of Liberty may also refer to: "The Statue of Liberty" (film) "Statue of Liberty" (song) Statue of Liberty (Mytilene), Greece Liberty Statue (Budapest)  
 October 4 - Frédéric Bartholdi, sculptor, designer of the Statue of Liberty (born 1834)  
Bartholdi is a surname.
Notable people with the surname include:  Frédéric Bartholdi (1834–1904), sculptor best known for the Statue of Liberty  Joe Bartholdi (born 1980), poker player  
Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi (; 2 August 1834 – 4 October 1904) was a French sculptor who is best known for designing the Statue of Liberty. 
Wyatt A. Stewart, III is Chief Operating Officer of the International Foundation for Electoral Systems and a career political fundraiser.
Formerly, the main designer of the organizer for the fund raising campaign to restore Ellis Island and the Statue of Liberty, Stewart has also done considerable fundraising for the National Republican Congressional Committee.
Question: What is Oscar's daughter's name?
About the article "Fruitvale Station", section "Plot".

Candidate passages:
Pat & Oscar's, formerly known as "Oscar's", is a restaurant chain with about 20 locations in California.
The first location was opened in 1991. 
Džudović is married and has three children.
One son is called Branko (who was born on 2 January 2010) and his daughter's name is Tatiana. 
While appearing to be the size of a normal trash can, Oscar's residence is actually bigger on the inside than the exterior would suggest, notably revealed in the film "The Adventures of Elmo in Grouchland".
Oscar has noted through the years that it boasts such amenities as a farm, swimming pool, ice-rink, bowling alley, and a piano.
Oscar could occasionally be seen rotating while descending into his trash can, implying a spiral staircase.
Other items include Slimey, Oscar's pet worm; Fluffy, Oscar's pet elephant; Oscar's shoes; and a dimension gate to Grouchland USA, Oscar's hometown.
It also contains, most likely, boatloads of trash. 
He is married to Karla Marina Sigüenza and they have one daughter together.
His daughter's name is Camila Rodriguez. 
Kristina Saltanovič (born 20 February 1975 in Vilnius) is a Lithuanian race walker.
Her daughter's name is Erika (2007).
She now lives in Lisbon, Portugal.
Question: Who painted Starry Night?
About the article "The Starry Night", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
Starry Night may refer to: 
 "Air Doll" (2009) "Starry Starry Night (2011)  
When exhibited for the first time, in 1891, the painting was entitled "Coffeehouse, in the evening" ("Café, le soir").
This is the first painting in which he used starry backgrounds; he went on to paint star-filled skies in "Starry Night Over the Rhone" (painted the same month), and the better known "Starry Night" a year later.
Van Gogh also painted a starlight background in "Portrait of Eugène Boch".
Van Gogh mentioned the "Cafe Terrace" painting in a letter written to Eugène Boch on October 2, 1888, writing he had painted "a view of the café on place du Forum, where we used to go, "painted at night"" (emphasis van Gogh's). 
Starry Night is a 1990 album by Julio Iglesias. 
 "Underneath a Starry Night" (2011)
Question: what inhabitated the earth 3 billion years agi
About the article "Evolution", section "Evolution of life".

Candidate passages:
AGI-Plan was a memory resident DOS file infector first isolated at the Agiplan software company in Germany.
Because of CARO standards that dictate that viruses should not be named after companies, AGI-Plan's technical name is Month 4-6.
This name also violates CARO standards, but a more minor rule involving syntax.
AGI-Plan is related to the Zero Bug virus, as both it and AGI-Plan prepend 1,536 bytes to files they infect.AGI-Plan is not initially damaging until several months after the initial infection, hence its name.
After activation, AGI-Plan will begin to corrupt write operations, which results in slow, difficult-to-notice damage overtime.AGI-Plan is notable for reappearing in South Africa in what appeared to be an intentional re-release several years after.
AGI-Plan never succeeded in spreading significantly beyond the isolated incidents in Germany and South Africa. 
AGI has obtained Presidential proclamations for Earth Science Week in past years from Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush. 
Fossil life of 3.5 billion years of age is also found in the Pilbara craton of western Australia.
This evidence, along with Barberton fossils, show that cellular life must have existed by this point in the evolution of Earth.
There is work that potentially demonstrates life at 3.8 billion years ago, in what is now western Greenland, but it is highly debated.
It is important to note that cellular life existed 3.5 billion years ago and thus it evolved prior to this time.
Because the Earth is 4.5 billion years old, there is a window of about one billion years for cellular life to evolve from a lifeless earth. 
Gábor Palotai is a member of Alliance Graphique Internationale (AGI).
AGI unites the world’s leading graphic designers. 
AGI has held national contests in connection with Earth Science Week for five consecutive years.
The contests are designed to encourage K-12 students, teachers, and the general public to get involved in the celebration by exploring artistic and academic applications of Earth science.
There are three mediums in which contests are held: Photography, Visual Arts, and Essay.
Each contest explores a new theme every year; past themes have included "People Discovering Earth's Treasures" and "Extreme Earth Science" for Photography, "Changing Earth" and "Earth Science in Your Home Town" for Visual Arts, and "Be A Citizen Scientist" and "Studying the Active Earth" for Essays.
Question: Does Hong Kong limit the media?
About the article "Hong Kong", section "Culture".

Candidate passages:
Hong Kong has two weekly Korean-language newspapers, the "Wednesday Journal" and the "Weekly Hong Kong". 
  The Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts, School of Film and Television, Hong Kong  Hong Kong Baptist University, School of Communication, Academy of Film, Hong Kong  City University of Hong Kong, School of Creative Media, Hong Kong  
The following conditions are required to receive a non-permanent Hong Kong Identity Card:"(to be expanded)"  Right to Land — free from any condition of stay (including a limit of stay) or removal from HKSAR (and does not possess the right of abode)  Anyone 11 years of age or above who enters and is permitted to stay in Hong Kong for more than 180 days  
In the year 2011, there were debates that foreign workers can apply for Hong Kong residency, as there are already one million underprivileged families who live under the poverty line in Hong Kong society, some political parties argue Hong Kong does not have sufficient welfare funding to support the 300,000 foreign workers if they can settle in Hong Kong and apply for public housing and social welfare benefits.
Foreign domestic helpers and their supporters, including activists and employers alike, periodically stage protests against what they perceive to be discriminatory treatment on the part of the Hong Kong government.
Major grievances include discrimination, the minimum wage, and the two-week stay limit at the end of a domestic helper's employment contract.
According to the Hong Kong Human Rights Monitor (HKHRM), foreign domestic helpers face discrimination from both the Hong Kong government and their employers. 
  "Main article: Culture of Hong Kong"  Architecture of Hong Kong  Cuisine of Hong Kong  Festivals in Hong Kong  Languages of Hong Kong  Media in Hong Kong  National symbols of Hong Kong * Coat of arms of Hong Kong * Flag of Hong Kong * National anthem of Hong Kong  People of Hong Kong  Prostitution in Hong Kong  Public holidays in Hong Kong  Records of Hong Kong  Religion in Hong Kong * Buddhism in Hong Kong * Christianity in Hong Kong * Hinduism in Hong Kong * Islam in Hong Kong * Judaism in Hong Kong * Sikhism in Hong Kong  World Heritage Sites in Hong Kong: None
Question: "Made fast" and "belayed" both refer to what?
About the article "Sailing", section "Other terms".

Candidate passages:
This event involves a harnessed and belayed climber getting to the top of a featureless pole as quickly as possible.
The pole is typically the size of a standard telephone pole, and the climber wears home made spikes in order to make rapid upward progress. 
Fast may refer to: 
Walls are called "bulkheads" or "ceilings", while the surfaces referred to as ceilings on land are called 'overheads'or 'deckheads'.
Floors are called 'soles' or "decks".
"Broken up" was the fate of a ship that hit a "rocky point" or was simply no longer wanted.
The toilet is traditionally called the 'head', the kitchen is the "galley".
When lines are tied off, this may be referred to as 'made fast' or 'belayed.'
Sails in different sail plans have unchanging names, however.
For the naming of sails, see sail-plan.
Dual is not yet an official medal competition, but it is part of Rock Master competition finals.
Dual is a combination of lead and speed.
The two athletes compete on two identical, parallel routes, and they are belayed from below.
Whoever gets to the top first, wins. 
While waiting out the Atlantic hurricane season in the estuary of Cape Fear River, Ignatius took part in a battle between the "Royal James" and the "Henry" and its accompanying sloop, pirate hunters commanded by William Rhett and commissioned by South Carolina governor Robert Johnson (governor).
Both sides ran aground, leaving only the "Henry" in range of the "Royal James".
Despite the early advantage belonging to the pirates, changing tides freed the "Henry" first.
Realizing they were trapped and outnumbered, Captain Bonnet ordered the gunpowder magazine blown in order to scuttle the "Royal James".
This order was belayed by the crew and the pirates surrendered to Rhett.
Along with the rest of the pirates, Ignatius Pell was arrested and brought to Charleston, South Carolina on October 2, 1718.
Question: In thermodynamics, how is a process described?
About the article "Thermodynamics", section "Dependent and independent variables for a process".

Candidate passages:
In thermodynamics, a branch of physics, the Second Law of Thermodynamics, discovered in the 19th century, helps define an arrow of time.
This provides an opportunity to physically describe how causes differ from effects: The sum of effects can never have lower entropy than the sum of causes - provided equilibrium conditions.
This is more thoroughly described below. 
Evaporation is an endothermic process, in that heat is absorbed during evaporation. 
 "For a quick reference table of these equations, see: Table of thermodynamic equations" Thermodynamics is expressed by a mathematical framework of "thermodynamic equations" which relate various thermodynamic quantities and physical properties measured in a laboratory or production process.
Thermodynamics is based on a fundamental set of postulates, that became the laws of thermodynamics. 
Only natural processes occur in nature.
For thermodynamics, a natural process is a transfer between systems that increases the sum of their entropies. 
  In thermodynamics, the exergy of a system is the maximum work possible during a process that brings the system into equilibrium with a heat reservoir.
Question: When was "How to Save a Life" released?
About the article "How to Save a Life", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
Album 
"Look After You" is a song by the Denver-based piano rock band The Fray from their debut album "How to Save a Life".
It was released as the album's third single in January 2007 following the widespread success of their previous single "How to Save a Life".
According to lead singer and pianist Isaac Slade, the song was written about his then-girlfriend and future wife, Anna, when she was living in Australia.
The song has appeared on the TV show "Intervention" for its third season and has been featured in episodes of "Cold Case", "Ghost Whisperer", "The Hills", "One Tree Hill", "Journeyman", "Moonlight", "Rescue Me", "Bones" and the unaired pilot of "Women's Murder Club".
It was also featured in the 2008 film "Jumper". 
 UK CDS 1  "How to Save a Life"  "She Is" - Acoustic from Stripped Raw + Real UK CDS 2  "How to Save a Life"  "How to Save a Life" - Acoustic from Stripped Raw + Real  "She Is" - Acoustic from Stripped Raw + Real  "How to Save a Life" - CD-Rom  
How to Save a Marriage and Ruin Your Life is a 1968 film directed by Fielder Cook.
It stars Dean Martin and Stella Stevens. 
When the song was released, its immediate competition included Kelis's single "Lil Star", The Fray's "How to Save a Life", Take That's "Shine", Justin Timberlake's "What Goes Around..." and Mika's "Grace Kelly".
"Catch You" peaked at #8 on the UK Singles Chart.
The single also peaked at #33 on the ARIA Singles Chart and at #7 on the ARIA Dance Chart.
The song also reached the B-list of Radio 1's official playlist and the A-list of BBC Radio 2's official playlist.
The song stayed in the UK Top 40 for two months and went to sell 148,000 copies.
Question: What was the country Thailand formerly known as?
About the article "Thailand", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Thailand:Kingdom of Thailand – newly industrialized country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula in Southeast Asia.
Formerly known as Siam. 
Thailand Selection/Thailand XI (also known as Thailand Selected, Thailand Selection, or Thailand XI) is a football team which represents the Football Association of Thailand in exhibitional matches others football tournament.
Thailand XI mainly play Non FIFA 'A' international in exhibitional matches.
The inaugural match was played in 2013. 
The Sports Rev Thailand Slammers, formerly known as the Thailand Tigers and the Chang Thailand Slammers, is a professional basketball team, based in Bangkok, Thailand, that plays in the Asean Basketball League.
The Slammers play its home games at the Nimibutr National Stadium in Bangkok. 
Starmark Co., Ltd (), trading as Starmark () is a privately held, Thailand built-in furniture company that specialize in kitchen and bathroom products.
Formerly known as Phet Kasem Khrueang Ruean (), the company was founded in 1982.
It took the current name in 1995.
As of 2000, it was the second-largest furniture manufacturer in Thailand. 
Saharat Hiranthanapuwadol (; ) or formerly name Wirat Chanpakdee (), Singharat Chanpakdee (), Thananat Ruang-ngam (), Thanto Ruang-ngam () and Thanto Hiranthanapuwadol (), in nickname Singto that's mean lion, Saharat is the singer of Thailand, as known as "The Star" 5He was the champion of The Star 5 contest, morever he's the youngest The Star of Thailand.