community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: Who claimed to be a descendent of Countess Mathilde of Canossa?
About the article "Michelangelo", section "Early life, 1475-88".

Candidate passages:
Ganz claimed to be a direct descendent of Charlemagne. 
The abbess of Essen is not to be confused with her younger cousin Matilda of Germany, Countess Palatine of Lotharingia (979–1025), daughter of Otto II, who was entrusted to her cousin's care in the abbey at a very young age.
It was intended that Matilda would stay in the Abbey and become an abbess like her cousin and older sisters Adelheid I, Abbess of Quedlinburg, and Sophia I, Abbess of Gandersheim, but she was ultimately married to Ezzo, Count Palatine of Lotharingia around 1000.
This was despite strenuous objections by the Abbess Mathilde, such that Ezzo had to go to Essen to extract his bride.
The marriage seems to have been designed to settle a dispute over Ottonian lands claimed by Ezzo, but was apparently very happy.
It produced ten children including Theophanu, later another Abbess of Essen (died 1056). 
Matilda of Tuscany (Italian: "Matilde", Latin: "Matilda", "Mathilda") (1046 – 24 July 1115) was an Italian noblewoman, the principal Italian supporter of Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy.
She is one of the few medieval women to be remembered for her military accomplishments.
She is sometimes called la Gran Contessa ("the Great Countess") or Matilda of Canossa after her ancestral castle of Canossa. 
Early life, 1475-88.
Michelangelo was born on 6 March 1475 in Caprese near Arezzo, Tuscany.
(Today, Caprese is known as Caprese Michelangelo).
For several generations, his family had been small-scale bankers in Florence, the bank had failed and his father, Ludovico di Leonardo Buonarroti Simoni, briefly took a government post in Caprese, where Michelangelo was born.
At the time of Michelangelo's birth, his father was the Judicial administrator of the small town of Caprese and local administrator of Chiusi.
Michelangelo's mother was Francesca di Neri del Miniato di Siena.
The Buonarrotis claimed to descend from the Countess Mathilde of Canossa; this claim remains unproven, but Michelangelo himself believed it.
Several months after Michelangelo's birth, the family returned to Florence, where Michelangelo was raised.
At later times, during his mother's prolonged illness and after her death in 1481, when he was just six years old, Michelangelo lived with a stonecutter and his wife and family in the town of Settignano, where his father owned a marble quarry and a small farm.
Giorgio Vasari quotes Michelangelo: 
The Castle of Canossa is a castle in Canossa, province of Reggio Emilia, northern Italy.
It is especially known as the seat of the Walk to Canossa, the meeting of Emperor Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy (1077).
Question: How did the child die in Falling Skies?
About the article "Falling Skies", section "Series overview".

Candidate passages:
  "2 Broke Girls"  "Community"  "Don't Trust the B---- in Apartment 23" ("Apartment 23")  "Eureka" ("EUReKA – Die geheime Stadt")  "Falling Skies"  "Family Guy"  "Fringe" ("Fringe – Grenzfälle des FBI")  "Futurama"  "Grey's Anatomy" ("Grey's Anatomy – Die jungen Ärzte")  "Homeland"  "How I Met Your Mother"  "Malcolm in the Middle" ("Malcolm mittendrin") (reruns)  "New Girl"  "Private Practice"  "Reaper" (reruns)  "Scrubs" ("Scrubs – Die Anfänger") (reruns)  "Suburgatory"  "Supernatural"  "The Big Bang Theory"  "The Simpsons" ("Die Simpsons")  "The Vampire Diaries"  "Touch"  "Two and a Half Men" (1st season first named "Mein cooler Onkel Charlie")  
Maxim Knight (born August 21, 1999) is an American child actor who started acting at the age of eight.
He is probably most known for appearing as Matt Mason in the TNT science fiction series "Falling Skies". 
"Prisoner of War" is the third episode of the first season of the TNT science fiction drama "Falling Skies", which originally aired June 26, 2011.
The episode was written by Fred Golan and directed by Greg Beeman.
The 2nd Mass is joined by Dr. Michael Harris, the only doctor to have discovered how to safely unharness enslaved children.
A failed attempt to reclaim Tom's son Ben leaves Hal and his girlfriend Karen at the mercy of the aliens.
A Skitter later orders a Mech to kill the remaining kids in front of Hal, then releases Hal to deliver a message: take one, the rest die. 
  "The River"  "Falling Skies"  
Emily Hahn (born July 28, 2000) is an American child actress, known for voicing Bonnie Anderson in "Toy Story 3" (2010), which she briefly reprised her role in the "Toy Story Toons", "Hawaiian Vacation" and "Small Fry".
Hahn has also guest-starred on "House M.D."
and "Falling Skies".
Question: Which producer/engineer did McCartney invite to contribute to the recording?
About the article "Let It Be", section "Concept".

Candidate passages:
 Studio Two, EMI Studios, London (2.30pm-6.00pm) Recording *"I Wanna Be Your Man" (Lennon/McCartney) (take 1) *"Little Child" (Lennon/McCartney) (takes 1-2) *"All I've Got to Do" (Lennon/McCartney) (takes 1-15) Studio Two, EMI Studios, London (7.00pm-10.15pm) Recording *"Not a Second Time" (Lennon/McCartney) (takes 1-9) *"Don't Bother Me" (Harrison) (takes 1-7) Personnel *Musicians: John Lennon (rhythm guitar, vocals), Paul McCartney (bass guitar, vocals), George Harrison (lead guitar, vocals), Ringo Starr (drums, vocals), George Martin (piano) *Production staff: George Martin (producer), Norman Smith (engineer), Richard Langham (2nd engineer)  
 Studio Two, EMI Studios, London (2.30pm-6.30pm) Recording *"Every Little Thing" (Lennon/McCartney) (takes 1-4) *"I Don't Want to Spoil the Party" (Lennon/McCartney) (takes 1-7) Studio Two, EMI Studios, London (7.00pm-10.45pm) Recording *"I Don't Want to Spoil the Party" (takes 8-19) *"What You're Doing" (Lennon/McCartney) (takes 1-7) Personnel *Musicians: John Lennon (rhythm guitar, vocals), Paul McCartney (bass guitar, vocals), George Harrison (lead guitar), Ringo Starr (drums) *Production staff: George Martin (producer), Norman Smith (engineer), Ken Scott and Mike Stone (2nd engineer)  
 Studio Two, EMI Studios, London (3.30pm-6.20pm) Recording *"You're Going to Lose That Girl" (Lennon/McCartney) (takes 2-3) Personnel *Musicians: John Lennon (rhythm guitar, vocals), Paul McCartney (bass guitar, vocals), George Harrison (lead guitar), Ringo Starr (drums) *Production staff: George Martin (producer), Norman Smith (engineer), Ken Scott (2nd engineer)  
The video accompanying the single was directed by Julien Temple and had to be re-edited as a brief glimpse of a woman skinnydipping caused a minor controversy.
Also appearing in the video were Ringo Starr, Linda McCartney (her final appearance in a music video) and the band Spud (although they are shown performing with McCartney, they did not contribute to the recording of the track).
The video debuted during an appearance on "The Oprah Winfrey Show". 
McCartney recorded it on 9 August 1968.
He recorded 25 takes singing and playing acoustic guitar simultaneously.
Take 24 was perceived to be the best (take 2 later appeared on Anthology 3).
McCartney recorded overdubs of timpani, another guitar, and drums on 20 August when George Martin's orchestral contributions were also added.
The drums sound more like bongos and this was achieved by putting the drums halfway down an uncarpeted corridor with the mics at a far end which resulted in a staccato sound.
Lennon did not play on the recording, but McCartney said he contributed some words to the song in India.
When Lennon — who hated it whenever McCartney recorded without the rest of the band — walked into the studio with Ringo Starr after McCartney had finished, "you could have cut the atmosphere with a knife," recalled engineer Ken Scott.
Question: Who were the columnists tangled within the Watergate crime?
About the article "Watergate scandal", section "Role of the media".

Candidate passages:
Wycliffe and the Tangled Web (1988) is a crime novel by Cornwish writer W. J. Burley.  
The origin of the name “Watergate salad” is obscure.
Kraft Corporate Affairs said, "We developed the recipe for Pistachio Pineapple Delight.
It was in 1975, the same year that pistachio pudding mix came out."
Kraft, however, didn't refer to it as Watergate Salad until consumers started requesting the recipe for it under the name.
"According to Kraft Kitchens, when the recipe for Pistachio Pineapple Delight was sent out, an unnamed Chicago food editor renamed it Watergate Salad to promote interest in the recipe when she printed it in her column."
Neither the article nor editor has been tracked down, however.
The Denver Post, in the Empire Magazine of June 27, 1976 published a recipe for Watergate Salad.
Watergate salad was a concoction thought up by a sous chef at the Watergate Hotel, and it was then served at brunch on most weekends.
Watergate Salad took off in popularity during and after the presidential scandal which shares the same name.
Syndicated household advice columnists Anne Adams and Nan Nash-Cummings, in their "Anne & Nan" column of October 9, 1997 reported that name came from the similar "Watergate Cake" (which shares most of the same ingredients): "The recipes came out during the Watergate scandal.
The cake has a 'cover-up' icing and is full of nuts.
The salad is also full of nuts."
All tracks were produced by Xenomania.
Credits adapted from the liner notes of "Tangled Up". 
  Tangled Up in Blue  
Samuel Dash (February 27, 1925 – May 29, 2004) was an American professor of law who was chief counsel for the Senate Watergate Committee during the Watergate scandal.
Dash became famous for his televised interrogations during the hearings held by the United States Congress on the Watergate incident.
Question: Who shot William McKinley?
About the article "Assassination of William McKinley", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
On 6 September 1901 in Buffalo, New York, Polish-American anarchist Leon Czolgosz shot US President McKinley, who died as a result 8 days later. 
Matthew Derbyshire Mann (1844–1921) was one of the physicians who attended President William McKinley after he had been shot by Leon Czolgosz.  
 William McKinley, 25th President of the United States  McKinley (surname)  
  President William McKinley High School  
The Temple of Music is primarily remembered today as the site of the assassination of President William McKinley.
On September 5, 1901, McKinley delivered a speech on tariffs and foreign trade at the exposition.
The following day, designated as "President's Day" at the exposition, McKinley was shot by Leon Czolgosz while greeting the public at the Temple of Music.
McKinley died one week later in Buffalo.
Question: How are the states of Austria divided?
About the article "Austria", section "Administrative divisions".

Candidate passages:
Austria – Czech Republic relations are the neighborly relations between Austria and the Czech Republic, two member states of the European Union. 
The valleys of the Alps have been inhabited since prehistoric times.
Alpine culture centers on transhumance.
Currently the Alps are divided among eight states, France, Monaco, Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany and Slovenia.
In 1991 the Alpine Convention was established to regulate this transnational area, whose area measures about 190,000 square kilometres. 
Since their foundation in 2009, the Young Liberals Austria are organised in federal groups that correspond to the nine federal states of Austria.
As of January 2012, the JuLis have active groups in Vienna, Lower Austria, Upper Austria, Salzburg, Tyrol, Vorarlberg, Styria and Carinthia, covering all states except for Burgenland. 
As a federal republic, Austria is divided into nine states ().
These states are then divided into districts () and statutory cities ().
Districts are subdivided into municipalities ().
Statutory Cities have the competencies otherwise granted to both districts and municipalities.
The states are not mere administrative divisions but have some legislative authority distinct from the federal government, e.g.
in matters of culture, social care, youth and nature protection, hunting, building, and zoning ordinances.
In recent years, it has been discussed whether today it is appropriate for a small country to maintain ten parliaments.
The four states in the federation are:These states are further divided into municipalities.
Question: When was "The Scream" madeby Andy Warhol?
About the article "The Scream", section "In popular culture".

Candidate passages:
The Andy Warhol Story (1966) is an underground film directed by Andy Warhol with cinematography by Paul Morrissey, and starring Edie Sedgwick and Rene Ricard (as Andy Warhol).
According to the Warhol Stars website, the film was made in November 1966, and is two reels long. 
Beginning in 2007, Bond No.
9 began a licensing partnership with the Andy Warhol Foundation for Visual Arts, allowing for the creation of fragrances bearing the Warhol name, with bottle designs inspired by his works of art.
The fragrances included: "Andy Warhol Silver Factory" (2007), "Andy Warhol Union Square" (2008), "Andy Warhol Lexington Avenue" (2008), "Andy Warhol Success is a Job in New York" (2009), "Andy Warhol Montauk" (2010), and "Andy Warhol by Bond No.
9" (2011).
When the licensing agreement came to a close in 2013, Bond No.
9 kept the scents, but renamed and repackaged them. 
Penny Morningstar (Anna Favella) is a young and successful art gallery director, while Andy is a failed artist, obsessed with Andy Warhol.
Andy Warhol was a serial killer, without piety, who stole people's soul, letting them die slowly.
Valerie Solanas, Edie Sedgwick or Jean-Michel Basquiat would probably share this theory, but they cannot do it, because they are all death.
These are not the only suicides connected to the controversial figure of Andy Warhol, or as David Solanas called him, of "Mr. America".
In the movie Penny is a sort of Andy Warhol.
She's beautiful and talented, but she's also evil.
When she wants to do something she doesn't care if she hurst people.
Every artist of the gallery is in love with her and she will destroy them.
Then there's a killer, who thinks to be Andy Warhol and kills all the artists who compose Penny Morningstar's factory. 
In 2002, the U.S.
Postal Service issued an 18-cent stamp commemorating Warhol.
Designed by Richard Sheaff of Scottsdale, Arizona, the stamp was unveiled at a ceremony at the Andy Warhol Museum, and features Warhol's painting "Self-Portrait, 1964". 
The Andy Warhol Museum of Modern Art () in Medzilaborce, Slovakia was established in 1991 by the American family of the artist Andy Warhol and the Slovak Ministry of Culture.
Until 1996 AWMMA (the English-language acronym of the museum) was called The Warhol Family Museum of Modern Art.
The museum's Andy Warhol Permanent Exhibition consists of 160 Warhol works of art, most drawings and silkscreens, as well as Warhol memorabilia.
Also displayed are works by Andy's brother Paul Warhol and Paul's son, James Warhola.
The museum features prominently in the documentary "Absolut Warhola", directed by Stanislaw Mucha.
Question: Which sports team's logo features the Space Needle?
About the article "Space Needle", section "In culture".

Candidate passages:
The team logo is a stylized version of the flag of Ohio, which is a "burgee" (i.e.
swallowtail pennant), in the form of a "C" wrapped around a star, representing both patriotism and Columbus' status as state capital.
Previously used as an alternate logo starting in 2003, it became the primary logo as part of a Reebok-sponsored redesign for the 2007–08 season.
The original logo had a red ribbon with 13 stars representing the 13 Colonies, unfurled in the shape of the team’s initials, CBJ, with an electric green hockey stick cutting through the center to represent the “J.” An additional star atop the stick represented Columbus' status as state capital.
The team's jerseys feature an alternate logo, a Civil War cap with crossed hockey sticks, on the shoulders.
The Blue Jackets unveiled a new third jersey in the 2010-2011 season, using a vintage hockey sweater design.
In the spirit of its Civil War theme, it sports a union blue base with white stripes on the sleeves and on the shoulder padding.
The crest features the team's Civil War-era cannon.
It honors the team's founder, John H. McConnell, with his initials on the neckline, as well as its slogan "We fight, we march!"
on the inside of the collar. 
In the early 1970s, graphic design firm Wyman & Canaan developed a new stylized "5" logo (which features an arrow curving upward, rendered in negative space, within the "5").
Having debuted when WCVB first began operations in 1972, this logo surpassed the WBZ's Group W font logo (which that station used from 1963 to 1996), as the longest-used numeric logo in New England television history in 2003. 
The album features production from Focus..., The Alchemist, DJ Khalil, StreetRunner, D12's Mr. Porter and more.
On June 18, 2009, a street single was released via Joe Budden's Twitter.
The track is "Woodstock (Hood Hop)" which is produced by Nottz and features M.O.P.
on the hook.
The first official single from the album was "The One".
The video, shot and directed by Rik Cordero, premiered on July 12 online and on MTV2 Sucka Free & MTV Jams hourly.
Royce confirmed that Pharoahe Monch and Novel are set to appear on the album.
The album cover features each member wearing a sports team's logo from another member's hometown.
Joell Ortiz's hat is supposed to be a Detroit Tigers hat but is blacked out. 
McFarlane continues to be an avid baseball fan.
In auctions, he bought record-breaking home-run balls from Mark McGwire, Sammy Sosa and Barry Bonds.
McFarlane, who is a former minority owner of the Edmonton Oilers, designed the logo used on the team's alternate third jersey, which debuted in 2001. 
A standard epidural pack may be used with a standard spinal needle.
However, the standard length of a spinal needle (90mm) may be insufficiently long to reach the subarachnoid space through the Tuohy needle.
An extra-long needle (e.g.
120mm) may be required.
Alternatively, several manufacturers produce packs containing both a spinal and an epidural needle which are slightly modified to fit together.
Question: Who wrote the score for "The Matrix"?
About the article "The Matrix", section "Sound effects and music".

Candidate passages:
Davis won Emmys in 1990 for "Beauty and the Beast" and 1995 for "SeaQuest DSV".
He wrote scores mostly for television series up until 1995, in which he wrote a few of the cues for the animated Disney motion picture "A Goofy Movie".
He continued to score television series until the two then young directors, the Wachowski brothers, hired him to score their neo-noir film "Bound".
It was reasonably successful at the box office.
"Bound" was the film which led Davis into becoming the composer for the entire "Matrix" trilogy.
Subsequently, Davis has composed scores for films such as "Jurassic Park III" (recommended to the filmmakers by John Williams, the composer of the scores for the first two films in the series), "House on Haunted Hill", "Behind Enemy Lines", and "The Unsaid".
Davis' magnum opus is "Matrix" franchise: "The Matrix", "The Matrix Reloaded", "The Matrix Revolutions", and "The Animatrix".
It was set apart from other film scores of its time for its atonality and avant garde style of composition, with influences from polytonal minimalist works like John Adams' Short Ride in a Fast Machine and cluster-like as well as aleatoric techniques prominent in the works of composer Witold Lutosławski. 
In 2004, Paul Shapiro wrote a score for the film.
In 2007 Peter Rothbart, a professor of Music at Ithaca College wrote a score for the film. 
The leverage score for the formula_1 data unit is defined as: formula_2,  the formula_1 diagonal of the hat matrix formula_4. 
Jeff Beal, an Emmy award-winner film composer who scored the first film, also wrote the score for the film. 
James McKeever wrote the musical score for the series.
Question: What was the development process of the tumbler?
About the article "Batman Begins", section "Tumbler".

Candidate passages:
The second Tumbler is a member of the Spider-Squad. 
The Armenian Tumbler is a breed of tumblers that originated in Armenia, where they are bred for their color and flight.
As the name suggests the Armenian Tumbler is a part of the Tumbler family.
This breed was developed in Armenia, the Armenian Tumbler is a flying type and color pigeon. 
  Tumbler, a fictional human supervillain and enemy of Captain America  The Tumbler, a Batmobile vehicle in the Batman trilogy  "The Tumbler", an album by John Martyn  
Tumbler pigeons are varieties of domesticated pigeons descendant from the Rock Dove that have been selected for their ability to tumble or roll over backwards in flight.
This ability has been known in domesticated breeds of pigeons for centuries.
In Wendell Levi's book "The Pigeon", reference is made to pigeons with this tumbling ability existing in India before the year 1590.
Charles Darwin, in his book "The Origin of Species", makes reference to the Short Faced Tumbler which was a popular breed during his lifetime, and still can be found exhibited at pigeon shows today.
There are many different breeds that have descended from the original tumbler stocks.
Some of the more popular breeds today include: Armenian Tumbler Australian Performing Tumbler Berlin Short Faced Tumbler English Long Faced Tumbler English Short Faced Tumbler Iranian Highflying Tumbler Komorner Tumbler West of England Tumbler  Limerick Tumblers  
The Australian Performing Tumbler (APT) is a breed of fancy pigeon.
Question: Who was the Statue of Liberty's superintended?
About the article "Statue of Liberty", section "Closures and reopening (2001–present)".

Candidate passages:
After appearing in the "Statue of Liberty" episode, guest author Mark Dice posted a detailed paper online titled "What Brad Meltzer's Decoded Missed About The REAL Meaning of the Statue of Liberty's Symbols and the Illuminati Secret Society", where he disputes some of the investigator's conclusions and how he was portrayed. 
  Leningrad Cowboys – themselves  Matti Pellonpää – Moses/Vladimir, the band's born again manager  Kari Väänänen – Igor, the mute road manager  André Wilms – Lazar/Johnson/Elijah, a CIA agent pursuing Moses for stealing the Statue of Liberty's nose  Nicky Tesco, who played the American cousin in "Leningrad Cowboys Go America", was listed in the credits but did not appear  
The gens Egilia was a plebeian family at Rome.
It is known chiefly from a single individual, Lucius Egilius, one of three commissioners who superintended the foundation of the colony planted at Luca, in 177 BC. 
Friday morning, May 8, Lauer, Vieira, Roker and Curry opened the program from the Statue of Liberty's crown, a place inaccessible to the public since 2001.
Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar was on hand to announce the crown would reopen to limited crowds on Fourth of July.
Segments explored the history and symbolism of the statue, and a tour of nearby Ellis Island was shown. 
Liberty's Kitchen is a non-profit organization, located in the Mid-City New Orleans Neighborhood.
Liberty's Kitchen opened its doors in April 2009 after a generous grant from the W. K. Kellogg Foundation.
This nonprofit cafe doubles as a training program for teens and young adults who want to change the course of their lives.
Liberty's Kitchen provides their students with marketable job skills and experience, and allows them to learn the culinary techniques behind cooking from scratch.