community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: How do you say lasagne in Greek?
About the article "Lasagne", section "Etymology".

Candidate passages:
 "Son zeneize, rizo ræo, strenzo i denti e parlo ciæo."
= "I'm Genoese, I seldom laugh, I grind my teeth, and I say what I mean" (literally, "speak clearly").
The child complains: "Ò famme."
= I'm hungry.
The mother answers: "Gràttite e zenogge e fatte e lasagne."
= Scratch your knees and make lasagna.
"Chi veû vive da bon crestiàn, da-i begghìn o stagghe lontàn."
= If you want to live as a good Christian, stay away from those who pretend to be devout; a traditional warning to beware of fanatics and hypocrites.
"Sciuscià e sciurbì nu se peu."
= You can't have or do two contradicting things at the same time (literally, "you can't inhale and exhale").
"Belìn"!
= Wow!
(very informal)  
An illustration of codeswitching word play: "Hey Vato, how do you say "window" in English?"
(window appears verbatim in the original quote in Spanish). 
In the Ancient Rome, there was a dish similar to the lasagne called "lasana" or "lasanum" (Latin word for "container", "pot") described in the book "L'arte culinaria" by Marcus Gavius Apicius, but the word could have a more ancient origin.
The first theory is that "lasagne" comes from Greek λάγανον ("laganon"), a flat sheet of pasta dough cut into strips.
The word λαγάνα ("lagana") is still used in Greek to mean a flat thin type of unleavened bread.
Another theory is that the word lasagne comes from the Greek λάσανα ("lasana") or λάσανον ("lasanon") meaning "trivet or stand for a pot", "chamber pot".
The Romans borrowed the word as "lasanum", meaning "cooking pot" in Latin.
The Italians used the word to refer to the dish in which lasagne is made.
Later the name of the food took on the name of the serving dish.
A third theory proposed that the dish is a development of the 14th century English recipe "Loseyn" as described in "The Forme of Cury", a cook book in use during the reign of Richard II.
This has similarities to modern lasagne in both its recipe, which features a layering of ingredients between pasta sheets, and its name.
An important difference is the lack of tomatoes, which did not arrive in Europe until after Columbus reached America in 1492.
The earliest discussion of the tomato in European literature appeared in a herbal written in 1544 by Pietro Andrea Mattioli while the earliest discovered cookbook with tomato recipes was published in Naples in 1692, though the author had apparently obtained these recipes from Spanish sources.
As with most other types of pasta, the word is a plural form, "lasagne" meaning more than one sheet of "lasagna".
  "Wired and Wide Awake"   "Don't Ask Me to Say I Love You"   "Unconscious Boy"   "Girl in Black"   "Heroine"   "All About You"   "Dole Hero"   "Can't Get You Out of My Head"   "How Do You Fall in Love Again?"
"The State I'm In"  
Chris Tomlin was asked the question in the same interview with "Worship Leader" by Jeremy Armstrong that "What will always be in a Chris Tomlin record no matter how long your career lasts?
What would you say will always be a part of what you do when you release something?"
Question: Before the Romans, who occupied Austria?
About the article "Austria", section "History".

Candidate passages:
The Romans occupied it and named it "Abbatis Villa". 
The player controls the short and mustached Gaul who has to progress through levels located all across Europe, fighting Romans and various aggressive animals along the way, to rescue his friend Obelix before Caesar throws him to the lions.
The gameplay takes place in 50 BC.
Gaul is entirely occupied by the Romans.
One small Gaulish village continues to defy the occupying forces, thanks to a magic potion which makes them invincible.
But now Obelix has vanished.
The Romans have confirmed his capture and taken him to an unknown destination. 
  "The Romans" reviews at Outpost Gallifrey "Past Times: The Romans" Review at Nebula One  
  Frederick I, Duke of Austria (Babenberg), Duke of Austria from 1195–1198  Frederick II, Duke of Austria (1219–1246), last Duke of Austria from the Babenberg dynasty  Frederick the Fair (Frederick I of Austria (Habsburg), 1286–1330), Duke of Austria and King of the Romans  
The first known inhabitants of this area were the Vaccaei, who were subjugated by the ancient Romans in the 2nd century BC.
As in the rest of the peninsula, the Romans introduced vines along with other agricultural innovations.
The number of vineyards increased significantly during the Middle Ages due to the influence of the monasteries.
Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary, died in Cigales in 1558.
Question: Who first released the Christmas song "Jingle Bell Rock"?
About the article "Jingle Bell Rock", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
"Jingle Bell Rock" is a popular Christmas song first released by Bobby Helms in 1958.
It has received frequent airplay in the United States during every Christmas time since then.
"Jingle Bell Rock" was composed by Joseph Carleton Beal (1900–1967), and James Ross Boothe (1917–1976).
Beal was a Massachusetts-born public relations man and longtime resident of South Ocean Avenue in Atlantic City, New Jersey, and Boothe was a Texan writer in the advertising business.
"Jingle Bell Rock" has been performed by many, but Helms' version is the most known in the world.
Its title and some of its lyrics are takeoffs on the old Christmas standard, "Jingle Bells."
It makes brief references to other popular songs of the 1950s, such as "Rock Around the Clock," and mentions going to a "Jingle hop."
An electric guitar played by Hank Garland can be heard playing the first notes to the chorus from "Jingle Bells.
"Despite being titled a Jingle Bell "Rock", Helms' version of the song was performed in the crossover style known as rockabilly.
Bobby Helms' original version on Decca 9-30513 from 1957, was re-recorded by him on Kapp K-719 in 1965 and yet again in 1967 on Little Darlin' LD-0038.
In 1970, Helms recorded an entire album titled "Jingle Bell Rock" on Certron C-7013, releasing from the album the title track on Certron C-10021 with a picture sleeve.
In yet another re-recording, Helms released a version on Ashley AS-4200 (year unknown).
In 1983, Bobby Helms released his last recording of "Jingle Bell Rock" on Black Rose 82713. 
A December to Remember is a Christmas album released by country music artist Aaron Tippin.
The album is his first Christmas album, and it includes a mix of original songs and covers.
Tippin's rendition of "Jingle Bell Rock" charted on the Hot Country Songs charts in late 2001. 
A Classic Christmas is the first extended play (EP) by Matthew Morrison.
The EP contains six classic Christmas songs such as It's The Most Wonderful Time Of The Year or Jingle Bell Rock. 
  The Arnold Schwarzenegger movie "Jingle All the Way" (1996) references "Jingle Bells".
"Jingle Bell Rock" references "Jingle Bells".
"The Christmas Song (Chestnuts Roasting on an Open Fire)" by Nat King Cole quotes from "Jingle Bells" at the close of the song.
"Santa Claus is Coming to Town" performed live by Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band quotes the melody from "Jingle Bells" at the close.
In the 1975 movie "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" starring Jack Nicholson, an instrumental version of "Jingle Bells" is played during the party scene.
"White Christmas" recorded by The Drifters in 1954 features a snippet of "Jingle Bells" sung at the close of the song.
"Jingle Bells" was the first song performed in space on December 16, 1965, when NASA astronauts Wally Schirra and Tom Stafford, aboard Gemini 6, played it on a harmonica and bells to Mission Control.
Both instruments are displayed at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum.
Question: How many bicycles are there worldwide?
About the article "Cycling", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
A single-speed bicycle is a type of bicycle with a single gear ratio.
These bicycles are without derailleur gears, hub gearing or other methods for varying the gear ratio of the bicycle.
Adult single-speed bicycles typically have a gear ratio of between 55 and 75 gear inches, depending on the rider and the anticipated usage.
There are many types of modern single speed bicycles; BMX bicycles, some bicycles designed for (younger) children, cruiser type bicycles, classic commuter bicycles, unicycles, bicycles designed for track racing, fixed-gear road bicycles, and fixed-gear mountain bicycles.
The fixed-gear single-speed bicycle is the most basic type of bicycle.
A fixed-gear bike does not have a freewheel mechanism to allow coasting. 
A single-speed bicycle is a type of bicycle with a single gear ratio.
These bicycles are without derailleur gears, hub gearing or other methods for varying the gear ratio of the bicycle.
There are many types of modern single speed bicycles; BMX bicycles, most bicycles designed for children, cruiser type bicycles, classic commuter bicycles, unicycles, bicycles designed for track racing, fixed-gear road bicycles, and single speed mountain bicycles.
The fixed-gear single-speed bicycle is the most basic type of bicycle.
A fixed-gear bike does not have a freewheel mechanism to allow coasting. 
Some bicycle parts, particularly hub-based gearing systems, are complex.
Self-service, assisted-service, and full-service bicycle maintenance and repair options exist.
Some cyclists choose self-service: they maintain their own bicycles, perhaps as part of their enjoyment of the hobby of cycling or simply for economic reasons.
There exist several hundred assisted-service bicycle co-ops worldwide.
At a co-op, laypeople bring in bicycles needing repair or maintenance; volunteers teach them how to do the required steps.
Full service is available from bicycle mechanics at a local bike shop.
In areas where it is available, some cyclists purchase roadside assistance from companies such as the Better World Club or the American Automobile Association.  
On most rail systems, bicycles are allowed, but may be restricted.
On buses, there are more such limitations.
Many buses now have external bike racks where riders can attach their bikes.
Sometimes, bikes are only allowed on buses if there is enough free space. 
Just as bicycles come in many varieties, there are different types of pedals to support different types of cycling.
Question: What percentage of competitors are injured?
About the article "Taekwondo", section "Safety".

Candidate passages:
Competitor indexing is a price setting technique used by marketers.
Generally, it involves using the price of competitors' products in determining the price of your own products.
Variations of this strategy include:  matching competitors price  setting price at an amount above competitors' price (say $5 more)  setting price at an amount below competitors' price (say $4 less)  setting price at a percentage above competitors' price (say 3% more)  setting price at a percentage below competitors' price (say 10% less)  setting price within a range of the competitors' price (say no more than 5% more and no less than 8% less than competitors price) This strategy is typically used by fringe firms, in an industry with one or two dominant companies (in fact, it is sometimes referred to as the "follow the leader strategy").
Its main advantage is ease of use.
Extensive marketing research and statistical analysis are not required.
The main disadvantage is that it is purely reactive.
Price cannot be used as a variable when constructing a marketing mix: it becomes a constant over which the firm has no control. 
Competitors of Steel Authority of India are Tata Steel, Essar Steel, JSW Steel. 
The main and direct competitors of Future TV are Murr Television and Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation 
Some of Mustad's main competitors are Gamakatsu, Owner, Maruto, Eagle Claw and VMC. 
The main competitors are vendors of other integration engines for healthcare such as, Optum, eClinical Works, dbMotion, MEDecision
Question: What was the first Soviet city to receive the title of 'Hero City'?
About the article "Operation Barbarossa", section "Events".

Candidate passages:
Hero Fortress (Russian: крепость-герой, "krepost'-geroy") is the honorary title awarded to the Soviet Brest Fortress, now in Brest, Belarus (then part of the Byelorussian SSR) in 1965 for the defence of the frontier stronghold during the very first weeks of the German-Soviet War of 1941 to 1945.
The title Hero Fortress corresponds to the title Hero City, that has been awarded to the total of twelve Soviet cities. 
Hero City (, , ) is a Soviet honorary title awarded for outstanding heroism during World War II (Eastern Front is known in the Soviet Union as The Great Patriotic War).
It was awarded to twelve cities of the Soviet Union.
In addition the Brest Fortress was awarded an equivalent title of Hero Fortress.
This symbolic distinction for a city corresponds to the individual distinction Hero of the Soviet Union.
According to the statute, the hero city is issued the Order of Lenin, the Gold Star medal, and the certificate of the heroic deed ("gramota") from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
Also, the corresponding obelisk is installed in the city. 
Brest Fortress (, '; , '; ), formerly known as Brest-Litovsk Fortress, is a 19th-century Russian fortress in Brest, Belarus.
It is one of the most important Soviet World War II war monuments commemorating the Soviet resistance against the German invasion on June 22, 1941 (Operation Barbarossa).
Following the war, in 1965 the title Hero-Fortress was given to the Fortress to commemorate the defence of the frontier stronghold during the first weeks of the German-Soviet War.
It was then part of the Byelorussian SSR.
The title Hero-Fortress corresponds to the title Hero City, that was awarded to an eventual total of twelve Soviet cities. 
Soviet titles.
Hero of the Soviet Union.
The first hero title established, "Hero of the Soviet Union", was created by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on 16 April 1934.
The identifying badge, the "Gold Star Medal", was not created until 1 August 1939.
The title was awarded for ""personal or collective deeds of heroism rendered to the USSR or socialist society"" and it was awarded to both military personnel and civilians. 
  Andrey Vitruk, World War II fighter ace, Major General of Aviation, Hero of the Soviet Union and the Hero of Yugoslavia  Mikhail Vodopianov, polar aviator, among the first to receive the title Hero of the Soviet Union, commanded the first World War II Soviet air raid on Berlin in 1941  Konstantin Vakulovsky, World War I fighter ace, winner of three awards for valor
Question: What number of unique types of bedrock exist in Manhattan?
About the article "Central Park", section "Geology".

Candidate passages:
  1993: Bedrock - "For What You Dream Of" (Stress Records) (UK #25)  1997: Bedrock - "Set in Stone" / "Forbidden Zone" (Stress Records) (UK #71)  1999: Bedrock - "Heaven Scent" (Bedrock Records) (UK #35)  2000: Bedrock - "Voices" (Bedrock Records) (UK #44)  2001: Bedrock - "Beautiful Strange" (Bedrock Records)  2002: Bedrock - "Emerald" (Bedrock Records)  2003: Bedrock - "Forge" (Bedrock Breaks)  2005: Bedrock - "Santiago" (Bedrock Records)  2006: Bedrock - "Warung Beach" (Bedrock Records)  2007: John Digweed - "Gridlock" (Renaissance)  2009: John Digweed & Nick Muir - "Tangent" (Bedrock Records)  2010: John Digweed & Nick Muir - "Satellite / Meteor" (Bedrock Records)  2010: John Digweed & Nick Muir - "Satellite / Meteor (Remixes)" (Bedrock Records)  
Port Talbot has a variety of bedrock and drift types. 
There are four different types of bedrock in Manhattan.
In Central Park, Manhattan schist and Hartland schist, which are both metamorphosed sedimentary rock, are exposed in various outcroppings.
The other two types, Fordham gneiss (an older deeper layer) and Inwood marble (metamorphosed limestone which overlays the gneiss), do not surface in the park.
Fordham gneiss, which consists of metamorphosed igneous rocks, was formed a billion years ago, during what is known as the Grenville orogeny that occurred during the creation of an ancient super-continent.
It is the oldest rock in the Canadian Shield, the most ancient part of the North American tectonic plate.
Manhattan schist and Hartland schist were formed in the Iapetus Ocean during the Taconic orogeny in the Paleozoic era, about 450 million years ago.
During this period the tectonic plates began to move toward each other, which resulted in the creation of the supercontinent, Pangaea.
Cameron's Line is a fault zone that traverses Central Park on an east-west axis.
Various glaciers have covered the area of Central Park in the past, with the most recent being the Wisconsin glacier which receded about 12,000 years ago.
Evidence of past glaciers are visible throughout the park in the form of "glacial erratics" (large boulders dropped by the receding glacier) and north-south glacial striations visible on stone outcroppings.
Bedrock is an unincorporated community and U.S. post office in Montrose County, Colorado, United States.
The ZIP code of Bedrock is 81411. 
Iowa's bedrock geology generally increases in age from west to east.
In northwest Iowa Cretaceous bedrock is ca.
74 million years old, in eastern Iowa Cambrian bedrock dates to ca.
500 million years ago.
Question: What is included in the ramen packets sold from vending machines?
About the article "Ramen", section "Canned version".

Candidate passages:
Mr. Noodles is the brand name of a Canadian instant noodles product.
The Mr. Noodles brand is sold in packages the same size of traditional ramen.
Mr. Noodles is sold in instant ramen pack (single, dual or multi-pack), instant ramen cup or instant ramen bowl.
It is sold at grocery and convenience stores, and sometimes in vending machines.
A newer offering from the company is its "Kimchi Noodle" bowls which have a spicier flavour.  
In Akihabara, vending machines distribute warm ramen in a steel can, known as .
It is produced by a popular ramen restaurant and contains noodles, soup, menma, and pork.
It is intended as a quick snack, and includes a small folded plastic fork.
There are few kinds of flavor such as "tonkotsu" and curry.
A cigarette machine is a vending machine that takes cash in payment for packets of cigarettes.
Vending machines often dispense packs containing 16 or 18 cigarettes, although the dimensions of the packaging are the same as the equivalent pack containing 20. 
Bulk vending is the sale of unsorted confections, nuts, gumballs, toys and novelties (in capsules) selected at random and dispensed generally through non-electrically operated vending machines.
Bulk vending is a separate segment of the vending industry from full line vending — i.e., the snack and soda vending industries — and involves different products and strategies.
Bulk vending represents less than 1% of the total vending industry. 
Japan has the highest number of vending machines per capita, with about one machine for every twenty-three people.
The first vending machine in Japan was made of wood and sold postage stamps and post cards.
In Japan, vending machines are known as 自動販売機 ("jidō-hanbaiki") from "jidō", or "automatic"; "hanbai", or "vending"; and "ki", or "machine", 自販機 ("jihanki") for short.
Vending machines are also commonly used in casual restaurants to sell meal tickets, similar to automats: one purchases a meal ticket from a vending machine, then presents the ticket to a server, who then prepares and serves the meal.
These are referred to as 食券機 ("shokkenki," "food ticket machine").
With the introduction to services such as "Osaifu-Keitai", cell phones can now be used to pay for the items bought from vending machines.
In 2008, a smart card called taspo was implemented in the majority of tobacco vending machines across the country to restrict sales of cigarettes from them.
From such machines cigarette purchases may only be made by those in possession of the card, which is issued to adult applicants (which in the case of Japan, is 20 years of age).
The card is held up to a sensor after money is inserted into the machine.
Some beer vending machines also require age verification.
Question: How were the initial reviews in Criminal Minds?
About the article "Criminal Minds", section "Critical reception".

Candidate passages:
Criminal Minds is a spin-off video game based on the CBS police procedural show "Criminal Minds".
"Criminal Minds" contains two completely new cases for people to solve. 
Criminal Minds delves into the minds of serial killers and other criminals and explores how and why they have done what they have done.
It allows a viewer to follow along and identify factors that affected a person such as fire starting or animal abuse which seem to be key factors in developing serial killers' lives. 
  The Leonard Peltier case is briefly discussed in Criminal Minds, Series 8 - episode 20 ("Alchemy").  
Derek Morgan is a fictional character on the CBS crime drama "Criminal Minds", portrayed by Shemar Moore.
Morgan specializes in fixations and obsessive behaviors. 
 "How I Rock It"  *"Automatic" "Criminal Minds" Episode Painless *"City Boy" "The Mindy Project"  *"Somebody Like You"
Question: When would the soundtrack album of "Fruitvale Station" be released?
About the article "Fruitvale Station", section "Music".

Candidate passages:
The musical score to "Fruitvale Station" was composed by Ludwig Göransson.
Also a USC graduate, Göransson said of the scoring process: "Ryan and I talked a lot about how sound design was going to have a huge role in the movie and very early on I got sent the actual sound recordings of the Bart Train.
I manipulated the train sound and made it almost feel like a dark ambient synth sound and I used it almost throughout the whole Bart platform scene.
The other element in the score is lots of layered and manipulated guitars sounding almost like haunting pads."
Coogler added: "One thing that we always wanted to be conscious of with the score, was to make sure that it always felt organic.
A lot of the film would play without score, so Ludwig made sure that whenever we brought score in came out of sounds in the environment."
A soundtrack album, "Fruitvale Station – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack", was be released digitally on September 24, 2013 and on CD October 15, 2013 through Lakeshore Records.
 Canada Fruitvale, British Columbia United States Fruitvale, California * Fruitvale, Fresno County, California * Fruitvale, Kern County, California * Fruitvale, Oakland, California ** Fruitvale (BART station) * the Fruitvale Oil Field, underneath Bakersfield, California Fruitvale, Colorado Fruitvale, Tennessee Fruitvale, Texas Fruitvale, Washington  
 Ryan Coogler — Fruitvale Station  
The City of Fruitvale is served by the Fruitvale Independent School District. 
The Fruitvale BART station is located near the center of the shopping district, at the corner of 33d Avenue and East 12th Street.
Question: How many members make up the unicameral Parliament of Finland?
About the article "Finland", section "Parliament".

Candidate passages:
  Parliament of Finland (unicameral)  
The Eduskunta ( or , or ), is the parliament of Finland.
The unicameral parliament has 200 members and meets in the Parliament House in Helsinki.
The latest election to the parliament took place on April 17, 2011. 
The National Assembly of Tanzania and the President of the United Republic make up the Parliament of Tanzania.
The current Speaker of the National Assembly is Hon.
Anna Makinda, who presides over a unicameral assembly of 357 members. 
  Knesset (unicameral parliament): List of members of the eighteenth Knesset  
  Hellenic Parliament (unicameral)