community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: The 1521 edition of De Archietectura was created by who?
About the article "Vitruvian Man", section "Derivative works".

Candidate passages:
Books published by Siberch included: The "Oratio" addressed to Cardinal Wolsey at Cambridge by Henry Bullock.
1521.
Augustine of Hippo's "Sermo de miseria ac brevitate hujus mortalis vitæ", 1521.
Lucian's "Opusculum περὶ διψὰδων", 1521, edited by Bullock, with his oration to Wolsey.
Baldwin of Forde's "Sermo de altaris sacramento", 1521.
Erasmus's "De conscribendis epistolis", 1521.
Galen's "De temperamentis", translated by Thomas Linacre, 1521.
John Fisher's "Contio", delivered on the day of the public burning of the writings of Martin Luther, translated into Latin by Richard Pace, 1521 .
Papyrius Geminus's "Hermathena", 1522.
Two leaves only, of an edition of William Lily's "De octo orationis partium constructione", were discovered in the library of Westminster Abbey. 
  Eulogius of Cordova (859) – Executed by Muslim rulers for blasphemy  Rodrigo Calderon (1621) – Executed in Madrid  Antonio Osorio de Acuña (1526) – Executed in Simancas for supporting the Comunero Revolt  Juan Bravo (1521) – Executed in Villalar de los Comuneros, Valladolid  Juan de Padilla (1521) – Executed in Villalar de los Comuneros, Valladolid  Francisco Maldonado (1521) – Executed in Villalar de los Comuneros, Valladolid  
The Medici Codex of 1518 is a music book prepared for the Pope Leo X, the second son of Lorenzo the Magnificent of the Medici family who was pope from 1513 to 1521.
The codex contains 53 motets and was presented to Leo's nephew Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino at his wedding to a French princess in 1518.
Edward Lowinsky, in the facsimile edition (1968) proposed that Jean Mouton was the editor.
The book contains a tribute motet to Leo "Gaude felix Florentia" by Andreas de Silva, motets by composers of the Franco-Flemish school, including Jean Mouton, Johannes de la Fage, Josquin Desprez, Pierrequin de Thérache, Adrian Willaert and "Inviolata integra et casta es" by the Italian Costanzo Festa. 
In 1521, D. Duarte de Menezes was named by King Manuel I of Portugal as the next governor of Portuguese India, succeeding Diogo Lopes de Sequeira.
Duarte de Menezes left Lisbon in April, 1521, with an armada of 11 carracks destined for India.
He was accompanied by his brother D. Luís de Menezes, who captained one of the ships.
On the outgoing leg, Menezes's armada was joined by a squadron of four ships, commanded by Martim Afonso de Mello, destined for China.
Menezes's armada arrived in Goa at the end of August, 1521.
He assumed office in early 1522, upon the departure of his predecessor.D.
Duarte de Menezes tenure as governor was considered disastrous.
Accused of corruption, he was arrested by his successor, Vasco da Gama, in 1525, and sent back to Portugal in chains.
He was imprisoned for nearly seven years in the castle of Torres Vedras, before being finally released by the intercession of powerful friends. 
The Battle of Tãmão was a naval battle in which the Ming Dynasty Imperial Navy defeated a Portuguese navy led by Simão de Andrade in 1521.
Question: How much did it cost to make Dallas Buyers Club?
About the article "Dallas Buyers Club", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
  Two  "Dallas Buyers Club"  
 Matthew McConaughey — "Dallas Buyers Club"  
 Jared Leto — "Dallas Buyers Club"  
"The Role of the Fashion Buyer" states that one part of a buyer's job is to negotiate prices and details of delivery with the supplier.
Since this is an important aspect of a buyer's job, some retailers provide their buyers with negotiation training courses.
When the buyer meets with the supplier, the sales executive of the garment manufacturer will submit a "cost price" for a garment.
Then the buyer calculates the price that the garment will need to be sold for in order to reach the retailer's mark-up price.
The markup price is the difference between the selling price and the manufacturer's cost price.
The retail selling price is typically 2.5 or 3 times the price of the manufacturer's cost price.
While it may seem like a retailer is making a large profit from this markup, the proceeds are used to cover many costs such as the buyer's salary, store rent, utility bills, and office costs.
The markup must be high enough to cover the retailer's expense of "housing" a garment on a rack or a shelf for anywhere from a few days to an entire season, plus the risk that some garments will inevitably have to be marked down to cost to get them out of the store.
Based on how much consumers are willing to pay, buyers can determine the optimum cost price which they should expect to pay.
Suppliers take a different approach to the optimum cost price.
The suppliers determine the price based on how much it will cost them to produce the garment.
The manufacturer's salesperson are typically able to accurately anticipate the price that buyers will expect to pay.
Buyers and suppliers both want to make the largest profits for their companies.
The buyers want to buy the garments at the lowest possible price and suppliers want to sell the garments at a high price.
Suppliers and buyers must agree on a price and/ financing terms and in some cases they may not agree.
If the two cannot agree and the buyer cannot reach a price within the retailer's target margin, the buyer may ask the buying manager for permission to buy the garment at a higher price or else the style may be dropped. 
  Christian Bale – "American Hustle"  Elizabeth Banks – ""  Jared Leto – "Dallas Buyers Club"  Matthew McConaughey – "Dallas Buyers Club"  Orlando Bloom – ""
Question: What is fencing?
About the article "Fencing", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
A fencing match is presided over by a referee. 
The Australian Fencing Federation (AFF) is the national governing body for the sport of fencing within Australia.  
Carseldine was named after the fencing contractor William Carseldine who settled in Bald Hills in 1858.
He also owned land in what is now Carseldine. 
Asian Fencing Championships is the fencing Asian Championship organized by the Asian Fencing Confederation.
The tournament began in 1989 and it has been held annually since 2007. 
Wheelchair fencing classification is not done by the IPC.
Question: What was the date of the 50th anniversary of the Surrender of Japan?
About the article "Nanking Massacre", section "Apology and condolences by the Prime Minister and Emperor of Japan".

Candidate passages:
2013 was the 50th anniversary of Malaysia's formation. 
A 50th Anniversary Edition Continental Signature Series was offered in 1990 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the model.
It featured "50th Anniversary" badging, geometric spoked aluminum wheels with unique center hub ornaments, titanium exterior paint with unique red/blue accent striping, and two-toned interior. 
Italy celebrates the Anniversary of Risorgimento every fifty years, on March 17 (date of proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy).
The anniversary occurred in 1911 (50th), 1961 (100th) and 2011 (150th) with several celebrations throughout the country. 
In 2009, the Patriots Hall of Fame selection committee selected a 50th anniversary team: 
2007 in Malaysia is the 50th anniversary of Malaysia's independence.
Question: When was the first building campaign?
About the article "Palace of Versailles", section "The four building campaigns (1664–1710)".

Candidate passages:
The First Mohmand Campaign was a British military campaign against the Mohmands from 1897 to 1898. 
The 400 Building, also known as the First Mutual Center and Washington Federal Center, is a seven story tall building in Bellevue, Washington.
When it was completed in 1967, it was the tallest building in Bellevue. 
The Chrysler Building was Cleary's first building on the Livingston Campus. 
Norman Noel Dodds (25 December 1903 – 22 August 1965) was a British co-operator and Labour Co-operative politician.
The Labour Party campaign centre and headquarters building in Northumberland Heath is named "Norman Dodds House" in honour of the former MP.
He was Member of Parliament from 1945 until his death in 1965, and is best remembered for having been Margaret Thatcher's successful opponent when she first stood for Parliament, in the 1950 and 1951 general elections. 
The first ice house in Cedar Falls was built in 1858 near the homestead of William Sturgis, the first permanent resident of Black Hawk County.
It was destroyed in a fire on October 22, 1921.
Hugh Smith, who owned Cedar Falls Ice and Fuel Company, made plans for the present structure.
It was completed in November 1921.
The first ice harvest began on January 10, 1922.
The building served as an ice house from 1922 until Smith lost his business in 1934.
Cedar Falls Trust and Savings Bank took over the building.
It was used as a livestock barn and later was flooded for ice skating.
In 1938 the city of Cedar Falls purchased the building and leased it to the Cedar Falls Boat Club.
They occupied the building until 1976 when the building was condemned.
That year the Cedar Falls Historical Society decided to save the structure.
After a successful fund-raising campaign the building was renovated beginning in 1978, and the Ice House Museum opened on June 24, 1979.
The building was damaged in a 2008 flood.
Question: Who did lead vocals and piano?
About the article "How to Save a Life", section "Personnel".

Candidate passages:
  Alex Turner – lead vocals, lead and rhythm guitar; piano (track 3)  Jamie Cook – lead and rhythm guitar  Matt Helders – drums, vocals; co-lead vocals (track 5)  Andy Nicholson – bass guitar  
 Roger Daltrey - lead vocals, harmonica, rhythm guitar on "It's Hard" and "Eminence Front" Pete Townshend - lead guitar, vocals John Entwistle - bass guitar, vocals Kenney Jones - drums Tim Gorman - keyboards, piano, backing vocals  
 Roger Daltrey - lead vocals, harmonica Pete Townshend - lead guitar, vocals John Entwistle - bass guitar, vocals Kenney Jones - drums John "Rabbit" Bundrick - keyboards, piano, backing vocals  
 The Who  Roger Daltrey – lead vocals, backing vocals  Pete Townshend – lead vocals (intro and outro), backing vocals, lead and rhythm guitars  John Entwistle – bass guitar, horns, backing vocals  Keith Moon – drums, percussion Featuring  Chris Stainton – piano  
 Josh Dies - Lead vocals, guitar, synthesizer, piano, bass, programming Garrett Holmes - guitar, synthesizer, piano, bass, vocals Patrick Porter - bass, guitar, synthesizer, piano, vocals Drew Porter - drums and percussion, synthesizer, guitar Rich Veltrop - production, engineering, mixing, additional harmony arrangements Sylvia Massy - production
Question: How does the US define marzipan?
About the article "Marzipan", section "Iberian Peninsula line".

Candidate passages:
Reviews on some of her books:Practically Marzipan on The Pleasant Rakshasa 
In the Indian state of Goa, the Goan Catholic dish "Mazpon" replaces almonds with cashew nuts.
In the Philippines, "" (Spanish for "pili marzipan") is made from pili nuts. 
In Latin American cuisine, marzipan is known by the Castillian word of ' and is also traditionally eaten at Christmas, though ' is generally made with peanuts in place of almonds. 
Lübeck Marzipan () refers to Marzipan originating from the city of Lübeck in northern Germany and has been protected by an EU Council Directive as a “Protected Geographical Indication” (PGI) since 1996.
The Marzipan manufacturers of Lübeck like Niederegger, Carstens, Lubeca or Marzipan-Land follow some principles of quality by voluntary commitments (not required by the directive).
Niederegger, for example, uses 100% almond paste and no sugar. 
 Marzipan King of the Jungle, Salty Sam, Luncheon Vulture,
Question: When was the nationwide release date pushed back to?
About the article "Zero Dark Thirty", section "Allegations of partisanship".

Candidate passages:
Finch is the self-titled second EP by American post-hardcore band Finch.
It was released digitally on July 22, 2008 and was due to be released in Hot Topic stores nationwide on July 29, 2008.
However, due to manufacturing issues the physical release date was pushed back to August 1, 2008.
It is the first release since the band's hiatus in 2006. 
Laser Graffiti is the debut studio album by the Australian rock group The Galvatrons.
Originally due for release in April 2009, the release date was pushed back to 3 July 2009.
It is the first new material from the band since their "When We Were Kids" EP, released in early 2008. 
In December 2011, Sony announced the United States release date for "Sparkle" would be set for August 10, 2012.
This was later pushed back by a week to August 17, 2012 due to Whitney Houston's death. 
"Quarantine" had an initial release date of October 17, 2008, but was moved forward and released on October 10, 2008.
"Quarantine" was released February 17, 2009, on DVD and Blu-Ray.
In Australia, the original release date was November 6, which was pushed back to December 4. 
The original report cited that the initial February 10, 2009 release date had been pushed back to August 4.
On June 26, 2009 the release date was pushed back to September 22, 2009.
Later this has been confirmed on the official website.
The soundtrack album was released in the United Kingdom on October 10, 2009 via EMI Music.
Question: Did Seamus Davey-Fitzpatrick play Hank in the movie Before Midnight?
About the article "Before Midnight (film)", section "Cast".

Candidate passages:
During the filming of "The Omen", Davey-Fitzpatrick was never told that his character was supposed to be the son of the Devil; co-star Julia Stiles has commented that it was because the filmmakers thought "he was too young to understand it".
Davey-Fitzpatrick recently acted, along with his parents, in a local short film "The Lottery", an eleven-minute adaptation of Shirley Jackson's short story.
In March 2007, he acted in a short film directed by Jonathan Budine.
He played the role of Will Winslow on "Guiding Light".
Seamus has also worked with Robert De Niro in Everybody's Fine which was released in 2009.
He can be seen on the TV shows Law and Order, Sex and the City, Damages, Black Donnellys, Light Out, and Person Of Interest.
He plays Jesse's (Ethan Hawke's) 14 year old son from a previous marriage in "Before Midnight" (2013). 
 Ethan Hawke as Jesse
 Julie Delpy as Céline
 Seamus Davey-Fitzpatrick as Hank
 Jennifer Prior as Ella
 Charlotte Prior as Nina
 Xenia Kalogeropoulou as Natalia
 Walter Lassally as Patrick
 Ariane Labed as Anna
 Yiannis Papadopoulos as Achilleas
 Athina Rachel Tsangari as Ariadni
 Panos Koronis as Stefanos
Seamus Liam Davey-Fitzpatrick (born December 29, 1998) is an American child actor.
His first film role was as Damien Thornin the 2006 remake of the thriller "The Omen". 
  Julia Stiles as Katherine Thorn  Liev Schreiber as Robert Thorn  Mia Farrow as Mrs. Baylock  Seamus Davey-Fitzpatrick as Damien Thorn  David Thewlis as Keith Jennings  Pete Postlethwaite as Father Brennan  Michael Gambon as Bugenhagen  Harvey Spencer Stephens, who portrayed Damien in the original movie, has a cameo role as a reporter  Lionel Fanthorpe as Himself  
Davey-Fitzpatrick was born in New York City, and has moved to East Stroudsburg in Pennsylvania.
He is of Irish descent.
His parents are James Hugh Fitzpatrick, an actor and model, and Marty Davey, an actress.
He began acting in commercials for Marriott and Flintstone Vitamins, and also briefly appeared in an episode of the television series "Sex and the City".
Question: What event was Wushu rejected for?
About the article "Wushu (sport)", section "Wushu as an Olympic event".

Candidate passages:
The IWUF placed a bid to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to have wushu included in future Olympic Games, but did not meet with success.
However, the IOC allowed China to organize an international wushu event during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, but this event is not one of the 28 official Olympic sports, nor is it a demonstration event.
Instead, it was called the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games Wushu Tournament.
Wushu was one of 8 sports that was considered for inclusion in the 2020 Summer Olympics.
On May 29, 2013, Wushu's bid was rejected.
Wang Ju-Rong (1928–2006) was a Chinese-Muslim Martial Arts practitioner and Wushu professor in the Shanghai Institute of Physical Education.
A longtime promoter of Wushu, a teacher, an organizational officer, and a Wushu event-announcer, she was the first woman who was a certified judge of national ranking for both Wushu and Archery.
Wang was also the founder of the Flying Rainbow Fan art. 
Tongbei is present in modern wushu as well and is practiced by the contemporary wushu athletes coming out of the Chinese sports universities (referred to in some wushu circles and the University faction "Xue Yuan Pai" who study the routines in school and learn with performance being the key feature).
In the 1970s, Tongbeiquan was added by the Chinese Wushu Association as an open routine for wushu taolu forms competition.
In the 1980s it was formally classfied as a Class II Other Open Hand event, which means it is in the Northern category of traditional empty hand forms along with Fanziquan, Piguaquan and Chuojiao.
The modern wushu style of Tongbeiquan, while having a non-martial emphasis, is still popular in the same regions of northern China such as Shandong and Liaoning provinces. 
Angie Tsang (曾思敏 or Tsang Sze-Man, born 1980) is a Hong Kong wushu athlete and child actress.
She is best known as an Asian Games silver medalist for Wushu.
She portrayed a young Wong Fei Hung in the 1993 Hong Kong martial arts film "Iron Monkey".
As a member of Hong Kong's national wushu team, Tsang won a gold medal in the women's nangun (southern staff) event of the World Wushu Championships in 2005 in Hanoi, Vietnam.
She was a bronze-medal winner in the same event in 2001 in Yereven and a silver-medal winner in 1999 in Hong Kong.
She joined the Hong Kong Police Force in 2003. 
The 2003 World Wushu Championships was held from November 3 to 7, 2003 in Macau, China.
59 IWUF member federations with 411 athletes participated in the event.
Question: In what was does Pastafarianism parody the Sistine Chapel ceiling?
About the article "Sistine Chapel ceiling", section "In popular culture".

Candidate passages:
In many works, the painting of God and Adam are parodied.
See The Creation of Adam for more.
In the film "2012", the entire College of Cardinals are seen praying silently under the ceiling.
The ceiling then starts to crack, commencing at the point where God's and Adam's fingers nearly touch, dividing the two.
In "", the Sistine chapel is seen falling after 500 years.
In Pastafarianism, a parody of the painting is shown as the Flying Spaghetti Monster reaching a noodly appendage out to Adam.
Playwright Neil Simon's quote about the Sistine floor-"If no one took any risks, Michaelangelo would have painted the Sistine floor.
"
The 1965 film "The Agony and the Ecstasy" features the story of Michelangelo and his travails in painting the Sistine Chapel.
He is portrayed in the film by Charlton Heston.
In the 2009 film "Angels & Demons" and also in the 2000 book on which the film is based, the chapel is featured throughout the story.
  Michelangelo completes his nine Sistine Chapel ceiling paintings of the Creation.  
The shields represent violent episodes in the history of Israel.  
The re-creation of the Sistine Chapel ceiling for the film was largely by the Irish painter Niccolo d'Ardia Caracciolo. 
Advocates of the Pastafarianism parody religion, which was created in 2005 to protest the decision by the Kansas Board of Education to require the teaching of intelligent design, have designed their own version of the Ichthys, with the Flying Spaghetti Monster's characteristic "noodly appendages" and eye stalks.
Another more complicated design features the above mentioned "Jesus fish eating Darwin fish" with the Flying Spaghetti Monster in turn attacking the "Jesus fish".
Question: What year did the film American Hustle premier?
About the article "American Hustle", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
 James McAvoy – Filth, Trance and Welcome to the Punch Christian Bale – "American Hustle" and "Out of the Furnace" Steve Coogan – "", "The Look of Love", "Philomena" and "What Maisie Knew" Chiwetel Ejiofor – "12 Years a Slave" Michael Fassbender – "The Counselor" and "12 Years a Slave"  
 Lupita Nyong'o – 12 Years a Slave Naomie Harris – "" Sally Hawkins – "Blue Jasmine" Jennifer Lawrence – "American Hustle" June Squibb – "Nebraska"  
Katt Williams: American Hustle, also known as American Hustle: The Movie, is a 2007 comedy film directed by Brit McAdams, and written by Brit McAdams and Katt Williams.
The film was R-rated for its sexual content, drug use, and profanity. 
  "12 Years a Slave"  "American Hustle"  ""  "The Wolf of Wall Street"  
Crispin Struthers is a film editor.
Struthers and his fellow film editors are nominated for an Academy Award for Best Film Editing for the 2013 film "American Hustle".
Question: Which vitamins commonly appear in vegetables?
About the article "Vegetable", section "Nutrition".

Candidate passages:
Vitamins are materials required for normal metabolism but which the body cannot manufacture itself and which must therefore come from external sources.
Vitamins come from several sources including fresh fruit and vegetables (Vitamin C), carrots, liver (Vitamin A), cereal bran, bread, liver e ( B vitamins), fish liver oil (Vitamin D) and fresh green vegetables (Vitamin K).
Many minerals are also essential in small quantities including iron, calcium, magnesium and sulphur; and in very small quantities copper, zinc and selenium.
The micronutrients, minerals, and vitamins in fruit and vegetables may be destroyed or eluted by cooking.
Vitamin C is especially prone to oxidation during cooking and may be completely destroyed by protracted cooking. 
Taro leaf, rourou, is most important cash crop for Fijian communities.
It is used in everyday meals and also used for ceremonial meals to make palusami.
Bele is a highly nutritious green leafy vegetable grown in almost every household.
The leaves are rich sources of vitamins and minerals such as iron and vitamin A (3).
Amaranthus, tubua, is another vegetable commonly eaten in most homes.
Other leaves which are eaten include pumpkin, cassava and sweet potato leaves 
"Lalab" is rich in vitamins, minerals and fiber.
Daily consumption of fresh vegetables is good for reducing cholesterol levels and improving digestive health.
Vegetables are also rich in antioxidants, which contribute to fighting free radicals, and have antiaging and anticancer properties.
Several plants used in "lalab" also are believed to have certain medicinal properties. 
The main ingredients of traditional Japanese sushi, raw fish and rice, are naturally low in fat, high in protein, carbohydrates (the rice only), vitamins, and minerals, as are "gari" and "nori".
Other vegetables wrapped within the sushi also offer various vitamins and minerals.
Many of the seafood ingredients also contain omega-3 fatty acids, which have a variety of health benefits. 
Fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of some types of cancer due to:1)Beneficial properties of the micronutrients in fruits and vegetables such as vitamins, minerals, antioxidants2)Consumption of fruits and vegetables may decrease the consumption of other less healthy alternatives