community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: In what countries can you find Arepas?
About the article "Arepa", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
Arepa () is a flatbread made of ground maize dough or cooked flour prominent in the cuisine of Colombia and Venezuela.
It is eaten daily in those countries and can be served with various accompaniments such as cheese (cuajada), avocado, jelly or jam, or (especially in Venezuela) split and used to make sandwiches.
Various sizes, maize types, and added ingredients are used to vary its preparation.
It is similar in shape to the Mexican "gordita" and the Salvadoran "pupusa".
"Arepas" can also be found in Panama, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and the Canary Islands.
  "Masa" - nixtamalized corn used for making tortillas, "arepas" and tamales in Mexico, Central America and South America  "Fubá" - Brazil  "Polenta" - a typical dish in many Latin American countries, including Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Venezuela and Uruguay.  
Latin American cuisine refers to typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.
Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.
Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes (tortillas, tamales, tacos, pupusas, arepas) and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).
These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.
Thus, this leads for a variety across the land.
Sofrito, a culinary term that originally referred to a specific combination of sauteed or braised aromatics, exists in Latin American cuisine.
It refers to a sauce of tomatoes, roasted bell peppers, garlic, onions and herbs.
Latin American beverages are just as distinct as their foods.
Some of the beverages can even date back to the times of the Native Americans.
Some popular beverages include mate, hibiscus tea, horchata, chicha, atole, cacao and aguas frescas.
Desserts in Latin America are generally very sweet in taste.
They include dulce de leche, alfajor, rice pudding, tres leches cake, teja and flan. 
Lechona and/or also known as lechon asado is a popular Colombian dish.
It is similar in style to many preparations made in other South American countries.
It consists of a roast pig stuffed, yellow peas, green onion, yellow rice, and spices cooked in an outdoor, brick oven for about ten hours.
It is traditional to the Tolima Department in central Colombia.
It is usually accompanied by arepas (a corn-made bread).  
In Venezuela, McDonalds offers arepas, empanadas and burritos for breakfast; these are traditional breakfast foods.
Venezuelan locations have also served fried yuca sticks.
Question: How many elements does gymnastics combine?
About the article "Gymnastics", section "Rhythmic gymnastics".

Candidate passages:
All other diatomic molecules are chemical compounds of two different elements, for example, nitric oxide (NO).
Many different elements combine to form heteronuclear diatomic molecules, depending on temperature and pressure.
Many chemical compounds form diatomic molecules when evaporated. 
Sayadaw Tejaniya has published three books drawn from his group interviews with yogis and one collection of brief yogi autobiographies emphasizing how the practice of mindfulness meditation has influenced them (including one by Sayadaw himself).
Many of Sayadaw Tejaniya's question-and-answer exchanges with yogis about their practice, which combine elements of traditional dharma talks and interviews, have been placed online. 
 Dismount: The act of getting off an apparatus and the skill used to do it.
D. Double back- A skill performed where the gymnast does two backwards flips Dynamic: One of the three routines in acrobatic gymnastics, combining choreography with tumbling sequences and flight elements like throws.  
Inanimate Alice reflects the multimodal literacy that children develop naturally during play.
In play, children instinctively combine speech, text, sound, games, music, and art.
Inanimate Alice does the same by combining text, images, music, movie elements and games. 
Many models combine two of these types, for example HBV, which is combines an empirical runoff model and a hydrological transport model.
Some models combine elements of surface water models and groundwater models, for example GSSHA, MIKE SHE, and WEAP.
Question: When can harvest begin on cereal plants?
About the article "Cereal", section "Period".

Candidate passages:
Once the cereal plants have grown their seeds, they have completed their life cycle.
The plants die and become brown and dry.
As soon as the parent plants and their seed kernels are reasonably dry, harvest can begin.
In developed countries, cereal crops are universally machine-harvested, typically using a combine harvester, which cuts, threshes, and winnows the grain during a single pass across the field.
In developing countries, a variety of harvesting methods are in use, depending on the cost of labor, from combines to hand tools such as the scythe or cradle.
If a crop is harvested during wet weather, the grain may not dry adequately in the field to prevent spoilage during its storage.
In this case, the grain is sent to a dehydrating facility, where artificial heat dries it.
In North America, farmers commonly deliver their newly harvested grain to a grain elevator, a large storage facility that consolidates the crops of many farmers.
The farmer may sell the grain at the time of delivery or maintain ownership of a share of grain in the pool for later sale.
Storage facilities should be protected from small grain pests, rodents and birds.
Maize makes a greater quantity of epigeous mass than other cereal plants, so can be used for fodder.
Digestibility and palatability are higher when ensiled and fermented, rather than dried. 
Aspergillus flavus is a saprotrophic and pathogenic fungus with a cosmopolitan distribution.
It is best known for its colonisation of cereal grains and legumes.
Post-harvest rot typically develops during harvest, storage, and/or transit.
"A. flavus" infections can occur while hosts are still in the field (pre-harvest), but often show no symptoms (dormancy) until post-harvest storage and/or transport.
In addition to causing pre-harvest and post-harvest infections, many strains produce significant quantities of toxic compounds known as mycotoxins, which when consumed are toxic to mammals.
"A. flavus" is also an opportunistic human and animal pathogen causing aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. 
 Harvest Crunch  
There are numerous factors affecting post-harvest losses, from the soil in which the crop is grown to the handling of produce when it reaches the shop.
Pre-harvest production practices may seriously affect post-harvest returns.
Plants need a continuous supply of water for photosynthesis and transpiration.
Damage can be caused by too much rain or irrigation, which can lead to decay; by too little water; and by irregular water supply, which can, for example, lead to growth cracks.
Lack of plant food can affect the quality of fresh produce, causing stunted growth or discoloration of leaves, abnormal ripening and a range of other factors.
Too much fertilizer can harm the development and post-harvest condition of produce.
Good crop husbandry is important for reducing losses.
Weeds compete with crops for nutrients and soil moisture.
Decaying plant residues in the field are also a major loss factor.
Question: In what year was "Social History" created?
About the article "Cold War", section "Historiography and memory".

Candidate passages:
Established 1 January 1919, the charity was created to address the pressing social needs of Liverpool that followed the First World War.
PSS met the changes of a rapidly changing society with a pioneering approach that has set the pace for social policy makers ever since the 1920s.
One of the founders of PSS was Eleanor Rathbone, who was instrumental in the founding of what was later to become Age Concern. 
The Baldy Center for Law and Social Policy was created in 1978 under a bequest from Buffalo attorney Christopher Baldy, a 1910 alumnus of the law school. 
Wikipedia appeared in Galician on the 8th of March, 2003.
ILVI, the first user, registered on this same day.
Axiña began work on what would become the first version of the portal.
It took four more days until the first article would be created in the database: ou.
Other entries would soon follow like calcium hydroxide, experimental science, social science, mysticism, applied science and botanics.
Months later Agremon registered and become the first Galician administrator at Galipedia.
Agremon was the person who put forward the name of Galipedia to refer to the Galician project, which was still under a year old.
Soon afterwards, Galipedia would be quoted on newspaper websites, and other media, by those interested in the work undertaken. 
Plattmakers was created in 2009. 
This family was created in 2005.
Question: In the English language, when was the word "vegetable" first used?
About the article "Vegetable", section "Etymology".

Candidate passages:
The word "vegetable" was first recorded in English in the early 15th century from Old French, and was in origin applied to any plant.
This is still the sense of the adjective "vegetable" in biological context.
The word is taken from Medieval Latin "vegetabilis" "growing, flourishing" (i.e.
of a plant), a semantic change from a Late Latin meaning "to be enlivening, quickening", a derivation of the verb "vegetare" "enliven", which is derived from "vegetus" "to be alive, active" (related to "vigor"), in reference to the process of a plant growing.
In 1767, the meaning of the term "vegetable" was specified to mean "plant cultivated for food, edible herb or root."
The year 1955 noted the first use of the shortened, slang term "veggie".
As an adjective, the word "vegetable" is used in scientific and technical contexts with a different and much broader meaning, namely of "related to plants" in general, edible or not — as in "vegetable matter", "vegetable kingdom", "vegetable origin", etc.
The meaning of "vegetable" as "plant grown for food" was not established until the 18th century.
 in English language fiction.
The word "Grepo" has been used in many Cold War spy novels.
Possibly the first use was by Len Deighton in his 1964 book "Funeral in Berlin."
Throughout the main body of his original 1927 paper, written in German, Heisenberg used the word, "Ungenauigkeit" ("indeterminacy"),to describe the basic theoretical principle.
Only in the endnote did he switch to the word, "Unsicherheit" ("uncertainty").
When the English-language version of Heisenberg's textbook, "The Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory", was published in 1930, however, the translation "uncertainty" was used, and it became the more commonly used term in the English language thereafter. 
The term "Siamese twins" originates with Chang and Eng Bunker, the conjoined twins from Siam.
In the context of the English language, this word was first used and popularised by H. W. Fowler, a renowned lexicographer. 
"Not to be confused with Peace.
"Pease, in Middle English, was a noun referring to the vegetable pea; see that article for its etymology.
The word survives into modern English in pease pudding.
Pease may also refer to:
Question: How did egg tarts evolve?
About the article "Egg tart", section "History".

Candidate passages:
Today, egg tarts come in many variations within Hong Kong cuisine, including egg white, milk, honey-egg, ginger-flavoured egg, which are variations of a traditional milk custard and egg custard, and also chocolate tarts, green-tea-flavoured tarts, and even bird's nest tarts.
Overall, egg tarts have two main types of crusts: shortcrust pastry or puff pastry, traditionally made with lard rather than butter or shortening.
They are both filled with a rich custard that is much eggier and less creamy than English custard tarts.
Unlike English custard tarts, egg tarts are not sprinkled with ground nutmeg or cinnamon before serving.
It is also served piping hot rather than at room temperature like English custard tarts. 
Modern custard tarts are usually made from shortcrust pastry, eggs, sugar, milk or cream, and vanilla, sprinkled with nutmeg and baked.
Unlike egg tarts, custard tarts are normally served at room temperature.
They are available either as individual tarts, generally around across, or as larger tarts intended to be divided into several slices. 
"Lucky" Coffee Shop is well known for its egg tarts and tea.
Waiter Sui, named as Prince Egg Tart, attracts lots of girls but only loves Candy.
He and his friends, Nam, and Fok, all have love problems.
At the same time, the coffee shop may collapse since the landlord is increasing the rent tremendously.
Let's see how the lucky guys of the shop can revert this situation... 
Custard tarts were introduced in Hong Kong in the 1940s by cha chaan tengs.
Which was derived from the original "pastel de nata" ( Portuguese egg tarts ).
Egg tarts evolved from the very similar Portuguese egg tart pastries, known as pastel de nata, traveling to Hong Kong via the Portuguese colony of Macau.
Hong Kong egg tarts are an adaptation of English custard tarts.
Canton (modern Guangdong) had more frequent contact with the West, in particular Britain, than the rest of China.
Also, as a former British colony, Hong Kong adopted some British cuisine.
Pop-Tarts have been the subject of various recalls when mislabeling could lead to serious or life-threatening allergic reactions:  August 4, 1995  December 6, 2002: Kellogg USA Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Egg in Kellogg's Pop-Tarts Frosted Brown Sugar Cinnamon  December 14, 2006: Kellogg Company Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Milk in Kellogg's Pop-Tarts Frosted Blueberry Toaster Pastries
Question: What season sees the most snowboarding fils released?
About the article "Snowboarding", section "Films".

Candidate passages:
Snowboarding video games provide interactive entertainment on and off season.
Most games for this genre have been made for consoles, such as the Xbox and PlayStation.
A plethora of online casual snowboarding games also exist.
More recently games in this genre have been made for mobile devices. 
Poaching originally refers to the act of illegally snowboarding at a resort where snowboards are explicitly prohibited.
Poaching is intended as a form of protest against what snowboarders view as segregation and can be seen as a form of civil disobedience.
Very few resorts continue to ban snowboarders.
By definition, poaching is the practice of snowboarding where it is disallowed, usage of this term as a mean of protest is falling out of use as most resorts now allow snowboarding.
In the United States only three resorts: Deer Valley, Alta Ski Resort (Both in Utah) and Mad River Glen in Vermont, continue to ban snowboarding.
In contemporary usage, the term sometimes refers to skiing and snowboarding in out of bounds areas. 
Most recently, Mills has been involved with the sport of snowboarding.
She has acted as a snowboarding coach and instructor, working with the U.S. junior national team.
Mills served as a judge at the 2014 winter Olympics at Sochi.  
In March 2013, Piers Baron began scoring what would be an industry first Documentary about the struggle, pay off, pain and psychology of Professional Snowboarding.
Directed by Per Hampus Stalhandske and featuring an original score, the movie documented the Nike Snowboarding pro team in their most candid moments, from the streets to the most remote mountain tops.
at 43 minutes and all instrumental, the score was Piers Baron's longest and most detailed to date.
"Never Not Part Two" was initially released as a free podcast via iTunes, it charted at Number One in Ten Countries and Top Ten in Fourteen in the first week of release.
On October 5, "Never Not Part Two" received the Best Documentary award at "The Reels" Film Festival in France. 
Twisted Edge Extreme Snowboarding is the third snowboarding game released for the Nintendo 64 after "Snowboard Kids" then "1080° Snowboarding".
It is known in Japan as King Hill 64: Extreme Snowboarding.
While "Twisted Edge" was not very well received commercially or critically, it covered the snowboard niche between "Cool Boarders 2" and "1080° Snowboarding" by focusing on tricks (unlike "1080°", which focused on racing), and providing a more intuitive control system than that found in "Cool Boarders 2".
Question: What comes on a Hawaiian burger?
About the article "Hamburger", section "Mexico".

Candidate passages:
  "If Looks Could Kale" $5.95  "Little Swiss Bunshine Burger (comes on a buttered bun)" $5.95 a play on the movie Little Miss Sunshine  ""The Final Kraut Down Burger (comes with sauerkraut)"" $5.95  Bob cooks the Moody Foodie critic (Oswalt) a burger called "Girls Just Wanna Have Fennel".  
Every episode features one or more "Today's Special" burgers on a chalk board on the wall behind the counter.
The name of the special is usually a play on words that indicates what comes on the burger (ex.
: "It's Fun to Eat at the rYe M C A Burger": Comes with Rye, Mustard, Cheese, and Avocado).
Other "Special" burgers are also mentioned by the family without being written on their chalkboard. 
  "Poutine - on the Ritz Burger (comes with poutine fries)"  "Mesclun Around Burger"  "The Don't Get Creme Fraiche With Me Burger"  
  "One Horse Open Slaw Burger (comes with slaw, no horse)"  "Santa Claus is Cumin to Town"  "Jingle Bell Pepper Burger"  "Home for the Challah-Days (comes on a Challah roll)"  "The Silentil Night Burger"  "Fifth Day of Christmas Burger (served with five golden rings of onion)"  
 "It's Fun to Eat At the rYe M.C.A.
Burger" (comes on rye w/ mustard, cheese and avocado), a play on The Village People song "Y.M.C.A.
".
Question: When was the series premiere of the show "The Vampire Diaries"?
About the article "The Vampire Diaries", section "U.S. Nielsen ratings".

Candidate passages:
  "The Vampire Diaries": "Haunted" (2009)  "The Vampire Diaries": "Masquerade" (2010)  "The Vampire Diaries": "Ghost World" (2011)  "The Vampire Diaries": "Monster's Ball" (2013)  
"The Return" is the premiere episode of the second season of The CW television series, "The Vampire Diaries" and the 23rd episode of the series overall.
It originally aired on September 9, 2010.
The episode was written by Kevin Williamson & Julie Plec and directed by J. Miller Tobin. 
"The Vampire Diaries", a one-hour American supernatural drama, was renewed for a fifth season by The CW on February 11, 2013.
The fifth season premiered on October 3, 2013, followed by the series premiere of the spin-off series "The Originals". 
The series premiere on September 10, 2009 gave The CW its biggest series premiere scoring 4.91 million viewers.
Adding in DVR numbers, the ratings for the premiere swelled to an official 5.7 million viewers.
The following is a table for the seasonal rankings, based on average total estimated viewers per episode of "The Vampire Diaries".
"Rank" refers to how "The Vampire Diaries" rated compared to the other television series which aired during prime time hours.
The "Stefan's Diaries" are six novels based on the TV series, attributed to Lisa Jane Smith but actually ghostwritten.
They tell Stefan and Damon's past since Katherine's arrival.
As they were written during the series broadcast, some things differ, such as the story of the original Vampires.
"The Vampire Diaries.
Stefan's Diaries: Origins" (November 2, 2010)  "The Vampire Diaries.
Stefan's Diaries: Bloodlust" (January 4, 2011)  "The Vampire Diaries.
Stefan's Diaries: The Craving" (March 3, 2011)  "The Vampire Diaries.
Stefan's Diaries: The Ripper" (November 8, 2011)  "The Vampire Diaries.
Stefan's Diaries: The Asylum" (January 17, 2012)  "The Vampire Diaries.
Stefan's Diaries: The Compelled" (March 12, 2012)
Question: What areas of interdisciplinary areas of research does physics intersect with?
About the article "Physics", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
The AU-KBC Research Centre initiates research in new and emerging thrust areas such as nanosciences and expands research in established areas such as communications and biology with a strong modelling and experimental component.
There is a strong interdisciplinary core of mathematics, physics and computing sciences that impact on all the teaching and research work at the Centre.
The Centre does academic research with a prominent long-term perspective; the choice of directions and problems however are made in close interaction with industry.
Research in core and thrust areas are oriented towards practical applications and also serve as a source of skilled personnel in niche areas. 
EPL publishes original letters in all areas of physics, ranging from condensed matter topics and interdisciplinary research to astrophysics, geophysics, and plasma and fusion sciences, including those with application potential.
The journal communicates new results and findings that merit rapid publication.
EPL also publishes comments on letters previously published in the journal.EPL is focused on novel, scientifically significant, developing areas of science, including high-profile topics such as quantum simulators, topological insulators, metamaterials, soft matter, high-energy physics, and plasma physics and fusion sciences, as well as interdisciplinary areas such as bio-physics and medical-physics topics. 
The Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (founded in 2002 by Professor Flemming Besenbacher) offers a degree programme in nanoscience with an interdisciplinary curriculum covering a broad spectrum of introductory, advanced and specialised courses, aimed at providing the student with a sufficiently broad basis to conduct interdisciplinary research within nanoscience and at the same time achieve disciplinary depth and specialised skills in selected areas.
Hence, the programme encompasses physics, chemistry, biology, molecular biology, mathematics and computer science. 
The educational programme in nanoscience consists of an interdisciplinary curriculum covering a broad spectrum of introductory, advanced, and specialized courses, which aim at providing the students with a sufficiently broad basis to conduct interdisciplinary research within nanoscience and at the same time achieve disciplinary depth and specialized skills in selected areas.
Hence, the education encompasses physics, chemistry, biology, molecular biology, mathematics and computer science. 
Research at the school is grouped into three main areas: People and Populations, Molecular Medicine and Medical Photonics.
Much of the research is interdisciplinary especially in medical photonics were close links with the School of Physics exist.
There are groups involved in child health and development, cell signaling, cancer, neurobiology, infection, cell biology and molecular psychiatry.