Question: Eminent domain in 1857 cause the eviction of how many residents?
About the article "Central Park", section "1857–1900".

Candidate passages:
As the campaign to create Central Park moved forward park advocates and the media began to describe Seneca Village and other communities in this area as "shantytowns" and the residents there as "squatters".
The village was razed for park construction.
Residents were offered $2,335 for their property.
Members of the community fought to retain their land.
For two years, residents resisted the police as they petitioned the courts to save their homes, churches, and schools.
Some villagers were violently evicted in 1855.
However, in the summer of 1856, Mayor Fernando Wood prevailed and residents of Seneca Village were given final notice.
In 1857, the city government acquired all private property within Seneca Village through eminent domain.
On October 1, 1857, city officials in New York reported that the last holdouts living on land that was to become Central Park had been removed.
A newspaper account at the time suggested that Seneca Village would “not be forgotten… many a brilliant and stirring fight was had during the campaign.
But the supremacy of the law was upheld by the policeman’s bludgeons.” There are few records of where residents went after their eviction and the community was destroyed.
After its destruction, public memory of Seneca Village disappeared for over a century.  
Eminent domain laws have been used to forcefully remove residents, business owners, and land owners from their property.
The projects that finally are built on the site are not of state interest, but rather are privately owned by the same authorities who have executed the eminent domain clause.
A prominent example is the development of Yerevan's central Northern Avenue area.
Another involves an ongoing project (as of November 2008) to construct a trade center near Yerevan's botanical garden.
The new land owners are non other than Yerevan's mayor Yervand Zakharyan and Deputy Mayor Karen Davtyan, who was at one time Director of the Armenian Development Agency and successfully executed the eviction of residents on Northern Avenue. 
The Castle Coalition is a network of U.S. homeowners and citizen activists determined to stop the abuse of eminent domain in their communities, that is, the taking of private property by the government in order to give it to another private individual.
The organization takes its name from the principle that Americans’ homes or businesses should be their castles, that is, places where they are safe and free from abusive government power.
The principle has been part of Anglo-American legal tradition since Edward Coke famously stated, "...a man's house is his castle".
The Castle Coalition was founded in March 2002 as a project of the Institute for Justice in response to the number of the requests attorneys received from citizens facing threats of eminent domain who were years away from any actual litigation.
After the success of community groups in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and New Rochelle, New York, attorneys at IJ organized a conference for other activists facing eminent domain abuse from around the United States to teach them how to succeed in preventing their local government from taking their property through eminent domain.
Castle Coalition-trained activists have been successful in saving their homes in places like Ardmore, Pennsylvania, Chicago, Lakewood, Ohio, and Los Angeles, California.
On 13 May 2002, "Fortune" magazine praised the new organization in a piece titled "Fighting City Hall": "Superheroes?
Maybe.
Although its name sounds like something out of a comic book, the Institute for Justice, a public-interest law firm in Washington, D.C., actually provides a much needed resource for business owners threatened with eviction.
Since its founding in 1991, the firm has waged public relations campaigns and even stepped in to take legal action in communities when it feels the power of eminent domain has been abused.
Of the nine projects that the Institute has taken on, it has won seven and lost none, and two are pending.
But because the law firm can't take on every case across the U.S., it also created a grassroots group called the Castle Coalition to help teach business owners the ways they can take their fight to the streets and win.
The group consists of community leaders and property owners who've successfully fought eminent domain cases or are currently involved in one.
The coalition's website (castlecoalition.org) contains information on what steps you need to take and also tells you when to call in the pros.
"In 2005, the Supreme Court issued its decision in Kelo v. City of New London.
Although the decision allowed for a more expansive view of the “public use” clause in the Fifth Amendment of the Constitution the decision also states, “Nothing in our opinion precludes any State from placing further restrictions on its exercise of the takings power.” In response to the decision, the Castle Coalition expanded its focus to include the reform of state and local eminent domain laws.
In June 2005, they launched a $3 million Hands Off My Home campaign, calling it ""an aggressive initiative to effect significant and substantial reforms of state and local eminent domain laws.""
Two years after the beginning of the Hands Off My Home campaign, they published the State Report Card" to provide the results of the campaign.
By June 2007, 21 states had enacted substantive eminent domain reform and another 21 states had increased eminent domain protections but not nearly enough to prevent takings allowed by the Kelo decision.
Eight states had not passed any legislation reforming their eminent domain laws.
The Castle Coalition provides model legislative language for eminent domain reform, stricter blight statutes and state constitutional amendments.
The Castle Coalition also has several publications documenting the extent and nature of eminent domain abuse across the United States.
The Castle Coalition also brings activists together for a national conference annually and teaches home and small business owners how to protect themselves and stand up to the over-reaching governments and developers who seek to use eminent domain to take private property for their own gain. 
In 1984, the U.S. Congress allocated more than $42 million for relocation efforts.
Most of the residents accepted buyout offers and moved to the nearby communities of Mount Carmel and Ashland.
A few families opted to stay despite urgings from Pennsylvania officials.
In 1992, Pennsylvania governor Bob Casey invoked eminent domain on all properties in the borough, condemning all the buildings within.
A subsequent legal effort by residents to have the decision reversed failed.
In 2002, the U.S.
Postal Service revoked Centralia's ZIP code, 17927.
In 2009, Governor Ed Rendell began the formal eviction of Centralia residents.
In July 2012, the last handful of residents in Centralia lost their appeal of a court decision upholding eminent domain proceedings, and were ordered again to leave.
The Centralia mine fire also extended beneath the town of Byrnesville, a few miles to the south.
This town had to be abandoned and leveled.
The Centralia area has now grown to be a tourist attraction.
Visitors come to see the smoke on Centralia's empty streets and the abandoned portion of PA Route 61 where it detours around the former site of Byrnesville.
The fire continues to burn.
If it burns at the current rate, it may burn for over 250 more years.  
Columbia University has periodically planned physical expansion, competing for space with residents, and seeking coordination with New York State for the application of eminent domain on the ground of blight.