Question: What are views on how sex evolved?
About the article "Biology", section "Basic unresolved problems in biology".

Candidate passages:
There are two conflicting theories on how meiosis arose.
One is that meiosis evolved from bacterial sex (called transformation) as bacteria evolved into eukaryotes.
The other is that meiosis arose from mitosis. 
There are two conflicting theories on how meiosis arose.
One is that meiosis evolved from bacterial sex (called transformation) during the evolution of eukaryotes.
The other is that meiosis arose from mitosis. 
In a statement as follows Peterson endorsed U.S. President Barack Obama's support for same-sex marriage:President Barack Obama demonstrated the courage and leadership in his statement on marriage equality today that those of us who support him have always admired.
It was particularly moving to hear him discuss how his views had evolved on this subject over the years.
The change was not the result of some intellectual exercise or political calculation; it was the result of seeing the lives of friends and acquaintances in same sex relationships that changed his thinking on the issue.
We are fortunate to have as our leader a man who is so committed to the principles of fairness and equality ... Peterson has appointed to her leadership team Stephen Handwerk, the first openly gay man to serve as an officer of the Louisiana Democratic Party.
Handwerk writes a weekly column for the "Lafayette Daily Advertiser" and is the Democratic commentator on FM radio station KPEL in Lafayette. 
Religions in the U.S. have many different opinions of what sorts of same-sex activity and rights should be allowed.
Certain religions do not perform same-sex marriages for the sake of separating them from religious affairs, but tolerate civil same-sex marriage ceremonies.
Others refrain from performing them because they believe in the separation of church and state.
Congregations within the same denomination may even differ in the behaviors each supports.
Many who oppose same-sex marriage are conservative Christians who believe homosexuality to be a sin.
Some religious leaders are so fiercely opposed to it that they try to alter the gay person's views on homosexuality by subjecting them to intense classes or sessions in which the goal is to force them to change their orientation and/or repress homosexual feelings.
Some people talk about passages in the Bible and how they teach that homosexuality is a bad thing, while others argue that the overall messages, for example, love, override the few anti-gay passages.
Religions that have a strong anti-gay stance are Orthodox Judaism, Mormonism, Catholicism, Islam, and conservative Christian denominations.
Some religions seem to be indifferent to homosexuality, such as Hinduism and Buddhism, and don't support or reject it.
Some religions support same-sex marriage and homosexuality, such as Reform Judaism. 
Burgoon (1978) notes that people do not view others' behaviors as random; rather, they have various expectations of how others should think and behave.
EVT proposes that observation and interaction with others leads to expectancies.
The two types of expectancies noted are predictive and prescriptive.
Predictive expectations are "behaviors we expect to see because they are the most typical" (Houser, 2005), and vary across cultures.
They let people know what to expect based upon what typically occurs within the context of a particular environment and relationship.
For example, a husband and wife may have an evening routine in which the husband always washes the dishes.
If he were to ignore the dirty dishes one night, this might be seen as a predictive discrepancy.
Prescriptive expectations, on the other hand, are based upon "beliefs about what behaviors should be performed" and "what is needed and desired" (Houser, 2005).
Furthermore, according to EVT, three factors influence a person’s expectations: interactant variables, environmental variables, and variables related to the nature of the interaction.
Interactant variables are the traits of those persons involved in the communication, such as sex, race, culture, status, and age.
Environmental variables include amount of space available and nature of the territory surrounding the interaction.
Interaction variables include social norms, purpose of the interaction, and formality of the situation.
As the theory evolved, these factors also evolved into communicator characteristics, relational characteristics, and context.
Communicator characteristics include personal features such as an individual's appearance, personality and communication style.
It also includes factors such as age, sex and ethic background.
Relational characteristics refers to factors such as similarity, familiarity, status and liking also influence an individual's expectations.
The type of relationship one individual shares within another (e.g.
romantic, business or platonic), the previous experiences shared between the individuals, and how close they are with one another are also relational characteristics that influence expectations.
Context encompasses both environment and interaction characteristics.