Question: In what year did Northern Rhodesia become an independent state?
About the article "Victoria Falls", section "Zambia's independence and Rhodesia's UDI".

Candidate passages:
The official name of the country under British law was "Southern Rhodesia", but the government in Salisbury used the shorter name "Rhodesia".
This situation dated back October 1964, when Northern Rhodesia changed its name to Zambia concurrently with its independence from Britain.
In the absence of a "Northern" Rhodesia, the colonial government in Salisbury felt the geographical qualifier "Southern" had become superfluous, and so passed legislation to formally become simply Rhodesia, but Britain refused to approve this on the grounds that the laws naming the country came under the purview of Whitehall, not Salisbury, and so could not be altered by the colonial government.
The name was therefore not changed in law.
Salisbury went on using the shortened name in an official manner nevertheless, while the British government continued referring to the country as Southern Rhodesia for years afterwards, an exercise described in 1978 by the Rhodesian lawyer J. Reid Rowland as "unrealistic and pedantic".
The British government maintained this stance regarding the June–December 1979 successor state of Zimbabwe-Rhodesia, and when Zimbabwe Rhodesia returned to colonial status from December 1979 to April 1980, it was as "Southern Rhodesia", which had remained the official name used by the British government.
Southern Rhodesia subsequently gained international recognition of its independence in April 1980, when it became the independent Republic of Zimbabwe. 
On 7 October 1964 the Southern Rhodesian government announced that when Northern Rhodesia achieved independence as Zambia, the Southern Rhodesian government would officially become known as the Rhodesian Government and the colony would become known as Rhodesia.
On 23 October of that year, the Minister of Internal Affairs notified the Press that the Constitution would be amended to make this official.
The Legislative Assembly then passed an Interpretation Bill to declare that the colony could be referred to as Rhodesia.
The Bill received its third reading on 9 December 1964, and passed to the Governor for assent.
However, no assent was granted to the Bill.
Section 3 of the Southern Rhodesia (Annexation) Order 1923 provided that Southern Rhodesia "shall be known as the Colony of Southern Rhodesia" and the Southern Rhodesia (Constitution) Act 1961 and the Order-in-Council which followed it both referred to it as such.
These were United Kingdom measures and it was outside the powers of Southern Rhodesian institutions to amend them.
The Rhodesian government, which had begun using the new name anyway, did not press the issue.
The Unilateral Declaration of Independence was in the name of Rhodesia.
While the new name was widely used, 'Southern Rhodesia' remained the colony's formal name in United Kingdom constitutional theory: for example, the Act passed by the United Kingdom Parliament declaring the independence a legal nullity was entitled the Southern Rhodesia Act, 1965.
When the rebellion was formally declared at an end by the passing of the Constitution of Zimbabwe-Rhodesia (Amendment) (No.
4) Act 1979, the United Kingdom resumed the governance of the colony under the direct control of the Governor, using the name of Southern Rhodesia. 
Southern Rhodesia first participated as Rhodesia in the Olympic Games in 1928.
Rhodesia was then absent until 1960 when the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland competed under the name of Rhodesia in Rome.
Southern Rhodesia then competed alone under the banner of Rhodesia once again and for the last time in 1964.
The country thus always competed as a British territory.
It was unable to take part in the 1968 Games in Mexico, due to the Mexican government's interpretation of regulations on passports.
It never successfully competed following Ian Smith's declaration of an independent Rhodesian republic in 1970.
Although it returned to the Games in 1972, Rhodesia was expelled by the International Olympic Committee four days before the opening ceremony, under pressure from other African countries, which did not recognise the legitimacy of the Rhodesian state and which were threatening a boycott.
The invitation which had been extended to Rhodesia was withdrawn by the IOC, by 36 votes to 31 with three abstentions.
The country's successor state, Zimbabwe, made its Olympic début in 1980.
Rhodesia never took part in the Winter Olympics, and no Rhodesian competitor ever won an Olympic medal. 
In 1964, Northern Rhodesia became independent under the name Zambia.
The railway company was divided, and the part belonging to Zambia was renamed Zambia Railways.
Traffic between Zambia and Southern Rhodesia - which was called "Rhodesia" until 1979 - was suspended until the foundation of the state of Zimbabwe in 1980. 
Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) first participated as Rhodesia in the Olympic Games in 1928.
Rhodesia was then absent until 1960 when the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland competed under the name of Rhodesia in Rome.
Southern Rhodesia then competed alone under the banner of Rhodesia once again and for the last time in 1964.
The country thus always competed as a British territory.
It was unable to take part in the 1968 Games in Mexico, due to the Mexican government's interpretation of regulations on passports.
It never successfully competed following Ian Smith's declaration of an independent Rhodesian republic in 1970.
Although it returned to the Games in 1972, Rhodesia was expelled by the International Olympic Committee four days before the opening ceremony, under pressure from other African countries, which did not recognise the legitimacy of the Rhodesian state and which were threatening a boycott.
The invitation which had been extended to Rhodesia was withdrawn by the IOC, by 36 votes to 31 with three abstentions.
The country's successor state, Zimbabwe, made its Olympic début in 1980.
Rhodesia never took part in the Winter Olympics, and no Rhodesian competitor ever won an Olympic medal.