community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: Who used the name officially between 1804 and 1813?
About the article "Vietnam", section "Etymology".

Candidate passages:
The Danes took "Manly" into service, retaining her name and armament.
They commissioned her under Captain Holm but sold her on 28 October 1813. 
The siege of Ganja and storming its citadel (November 22, 1803 - January 15, 1804), was a part of Russo-Persian War (1804–1813). 
Malta Protectorate was officially part of the Kingdom of Naples under British protection between 1800 and 1813. 
The name "Việt Nam" () is a variation of "Nam Việt" (; literally "Southern Việt"), a name that can be traced back to the Triệu Dynasty of the 2nd century BC.
The word "Việt" originated as a shortened form of Bách Việt (), a word applied to a group of peoples then living in southern China and Vietnam.
The form "Vietnam" () is first recorded in the 16th-century oracular poem "Sấm Trạng Trình".
The name has also been found on 12 steles carved in the 16th and 17th centuries, including one at Bao Lam Pagoda in Haiphong that dates to 1558.
Between 1804 and 1813, the name was used officially by Emperor Gia Long.
It was revived in the early 20th century by Phan Bội Châu's "History of the Loss of Vietnam", and later by the Vietnamese Nationalist Party.
The country was usually called Annam until 1945, when both the imperial government in Huế and the Viet Minh government in Hanoi adopted "Việt Nam".
Since the use of Chinese characters was discontinued in 1918, the alphabetic spelling of Vietnam is official.
"Santa Margarita" was on the Irish station in 1804, followed by a period in the Channel between 1804 and 1807 under Captain Wilson Rathbone.
She was re-coppered at Plymouth in 1805 and again in 1806, and laid up in ordinary there between 1812 and 1813.
Question: The 5th season of 30 Rock aired when?
About the article "30 Rock", section "Season 5".

Candidate passages:
  30 Rock "(season 5 aired)"  Breaking bad "(season 3 aired)"  Community "(seasons 1-2 aired)"  Dawson's Creek "(seasons 1-4 aired)"  Drop Dead Diva "(season 1-2 aired)"  Gilmore Girls "(season 6 and 7 aired)"  Hawthorne "(season 1 aired)"  Justified "(season 1 aired)"  Mike & Molly "(season 1 aired)"  Nikita "(season 1 aired)"  North and South "(seasons 1-2 aired)"  Numb3rs "(season 4 aired)"  Pretty Little Liars "(seasons 1 and 2 aired)"  Rizzoli & Isles "(season 1 and 2 aired)"  Shameless "(seasons 1-3 aired)"  The Big C "(season 1 aired)"  The Vampire Diaries "(seasons 1 and 2 aired)"  
The season premiere, "SeinfeldVision," garnered 7.33 million American viewers, placing it third in its timeslot of 8:30 pm EST.
On December 13, 2007, "Episode 209" aired at 9:00 pm EST and it was viewed by 5.6 million viewers.
Upon returning to its 8:30 pm EST timeslot on January 10, 2008, the episode which aired, "Episode 210," was viewed by 6 million viewers.
"30 Rock" was moved to 9:30 pm EST on April 24, 2007 and began airing after "The Office".
The season's first airing at 9:30 pm EST garnered 5.52 million viewers.
The following week, the lowest rated episode of the season, "Sandwich Day," aired.
The episode was viewed by 5.4 million viewers.
The season finale, "Cooter," which aired on May 8, 2008, was viewed by 5.6 million viewers.
The second season averaged 6.4 million viewers for all 15 episodes, excluding repeat broadcasts. 
The fourth season of "Newhart" aired on CBS from September 30, 1985 to May 12, 1986. 
The second season aired Sundays at 8:30-9:00 pm (EST) on FOX. 
The first season aired Wednesdays at 8:30-9:00 pm (EST) on ABC.
Question: A few people in Hokkaido are the only people who speak which language?
About the article "Japan", section "Languages".

Candidate passages:
The Thao/Ngan people have their own language, the Thao language, which is nearly extinct and spoken by only a few, mostly elders, of the (already small) Thao ethnic population.
The language has been sinicized.
Most people who speak Thao are bilingual or trilingual and can speak Mandarin Chinese and/or Taiwanese as well.
The Thao/Ngan language is classified as a Paiwanic language, and a Formosan language which is a geographical subgroup of the much larger Austronesian language family.
The Thao language has loanwords from the Bunun language, spoken by the Bunun ethnic group of which the Thao/Ngan tribe cooperated with as well as intermarried. 
Arara people speak the Arára language, also known as the Ajujure language, which is a Karib language.
Its ISO 639-3 language code is "aap".
A few Arara people also speak Portuguese. 
Kaxinawá people speak the Kaxinawá language, a Panoan language.
They call their language Hancha Kuin, meaning "real words."
Only 5% to 10% of the Kaxinawá in Peru speak Spanish and literacy rates are low. 
Lipan is an Eastern Southern Athabaskan language spoken by the Lipan Apache.
There have been conflicting reports whether the language has become extinct.
In 1981, there were only a few elderly speakers still alive.
There are still a small number of Lipian Apache people who know and speak the language, and keep the old traditions.
The language is currently isolated to these people, is being used and passed down.  
The Waray people speak the Waray-Waray language, a major Visayan language.
They also speak Cebuano as their second language.
Some people who are of Waray descent also speak Waray-Waray as their second or third language, especially among emigrants to Metro Manila, other parts of the Philippines and in other parts of the world.
Other notable foreign languages spoken include English, Spanish, Chinese and Japanese which is spoken by its community and among others.
Question: Is there evidence of retainer sacrifices?
About the article "Machu Picchu", section "Human Sacrifice, Aliens and Mysticism".

Candidate passages:
As is common with most Egyptian archeology, the plundering and destructive excavation of tombs, both in the past and the present, for tomb riches, has hindered the ability to gain as much knowledge about retainer sacrifices as would be available if the tombs were intact.
Dr. O’Connor does believe that retainer sacrifices were the exception, instead of the norm, in ancient Egypt.
While there is some disputation as to the authenticity of retainer sacrifices, due to less than substantial evidence, most Egyptologists believe that retainer sacrifice did exist.
Normally, people in ancient Egypt were buried at different times, while in the graves believed to contain retainer sacrifices, the individuals were buried simultaneously, suggesting these retainers were sacrificed.
The archeologists claim that since the roofing is continuous, the burials had to be made at the same time. 
Neolithic Europe.
There is archaeological evidence of human sacrifice in Neolithic to Eneolithic Europe.
Retainer sacrifices seem to have been common in early Indo-European religion.
For example, the Luhansk sacrificial site shows evidence of human sacrifice in the Yamna culture. 
The funerary complex of King Qaa helps illustrate the decline of retainer sacrifices.
It is estimated that only thirty retainers were sacrificed after the death of King Qaa. 
There is little information on human sacrifices taking place at Machu Picchu.
This is can be attributed to the fact that many sacrifices were never given a proper burial and their skeletal remains have succumbed to the elements.
However, there is evidence that indicates the use of retainer sacrifices.
In these unique cases, human sacrifices were made to accompany a deceased noble in the afterlife.
Although human sacrifices occurred, it was much more common to offer animal, liquid and dirt sacrifices to the gods.
These offerings were made at the Altar of the Condor and are still made today by members of the New Age Andean religion.
It is a belief among some New Age Andean cosmologists that aliens once inhabited the Cusco region of Peru and are responsible for building Machu Picchu's grand architecture.
These views have been widely refuted by Peruvians as they feel their ancestors were capable of such technological and architectural feats.
King Djer, Aha’s successor and son, had 318 retainer sacrifices buried in his tomb, and 269 retainer sacrifices buried in enclosures surrounding his tomb.
Dr. O’Connor believes that the more than 200 graves found in King Djer’s funerary complex contain retainer sacrifices, as well.
According to "Ancient Egypt: A Social History", King Djer was buried with over 580 retainers.
It is highly unlikely that all these retainers died of natural causes at the same time, suggesting that these retainers were sacrificed upon the death of King Djer.
According to the "National Geographic’s" article, however, 569 retainers were sacrificed for King Djer.
Question: How is carving a snowboard similar to a roller coaster ride?
About the article "Snowboarding", section "Alpine Snowboarding".

Candidate passages:
A roller coaster is a type of amusement ride.
It can also refer to: 
A stand-up roller coaster is a roller coaster designed to have the passengers stand through the course of the ride.
These roller coasters are very intense, and generally carry taller height restrictions than other rides. 
An enclosed roller coaster is a roller coaster built inside a structure intended solely for the ride.
This structure often imparts a theme or houses special effects.
In contrast, an indoor roller coaster is built inside a structure unrelated to the ride. 
Sometimes called freecarving, this takes place on hard packed snow or groomed runs and focuses on carving linked turns, much like surfing or longboarding.
Little or no jumping takes place in this discipline.
Alpine Snowboarding consists of a small portion of the general snowboard population, that has a well connected social community and its own specific board manufacturers.
Alpine Snowboard equipment is a ski-like hardshell boot and plate binding system with a true directional snowboard that is stiffer and narrower to manage linking turns with greater forces and speed.
Shaped skis can thank these "freecarve" snowboards for the cutting-edge technology leading to their creation.
Highlights of alpine snowboarding includes a unique sensation felt through each carved turn.
A skilled alpine snowboarder can link numerous turns into a run placing their body very close to the ground each turn, similar to a motogp turn or waterski carve.
Depending on factors including stiffness, turning radius and personality this can be done slowly or fast.
Carvers make perfect half-circles out of each turn, changing edges when the snowboard is perpendicular to the fall line and starting every turn on the downhill edge.
Carving on a snowboard is like riding a roller coaster, because the board will lock into a turn radius and provide what feels like multiple Gs of acceleration.
Harry Potter and the Escape from Gringotts is a steel roller coaster ride.
The ride will also encompass 3D projection screens, similar to those used in and The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man.
Question: When did Judy Garland release "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas"?
About the article "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
  "The Family Stone" (2005) shows two partial scenes from the movie; one where Esther and John dance, and another where Esther (Judy Garland) debuts the song "Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas".  
"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" is a song introduced by Judy Garland in the 1944 MGM musical "Meet Me in St. Louis".
Frank Sinatra later recorded a version with modified lyrics.
The song was written by Hugh Martin and Ralph Blane.
In 2007, ASCAP ranked "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" the third most performed Christmas song during the preceding five years that had been written by ASCAP members.
  1998: "Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas"  
 Gotta Have Me Go with You The Man That Got Away Born In a Trunk Medley Here's What I'm Here For It's a New World Someone at Last Lose That Long Face 2005 soundtrack release.
Bonus Tracks (Judy Garland studio recordings for Decca Records) Over the Rainbow (Recorded July 28, 1939) I'm Nobody's Baby (Recorded April 10, 1940) For Me and My Gal (with Gene Kelly) (Recorded July 26, 1942) When You Wore a Tulip (And I Wore a Big Red Rose) (with Gene Kelly) (Recorded July 26, 1942) Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas (Recorded April 20, 1944) The Boy Next Door (Recorded April 20, 1944) The Trolley Song (Recorded April 20, 1944) Meet Me in St. Louis (Recorded April 21, 1944) On the Atchison, Topeka, and the Santa Fe (with The Merry Macs) (Recorded July 7, 1945)  
 O Holy Night Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas God is With Us
Question: Who lived in the area that became Great Smoky Mountains National Park?
About the article "Great Smoky Mountains National Park", section "History".

Candidate passages:
Smoky Mountain is an adjective for things related to the Great Smoky Mountains (as in the Smoky Mountain National Park) and may refer to the following landforms: Smoky Mountain (California), a Guadalupe Mountains summit at [http://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&q=%22Smoky+Mountain%22+California&ie=UTF8&hq=&hnear=Smoky+Mountain,+Mariposa,+California+95338&gl=us&ei=SRKFTMOrMoSdlgeL0NGtDg&ved=0CBMQ8gEwAA&ll=37.441064,-120.031857&spn=0.020547,0.052142&t=p&z=15] Smoky Mountain (Idaho), a Cassia County, Idaho, summit at  Smoky Mountain (Tennessee), a Cumberland Mountains summit of  Smoky Mountain (Utah), a summit northwest of the Glen Canyon National Recreation Area at  Smoky Mountains (Moon)  
Cataloochee is a valley in the Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina, located in the Southeastern United States.
Now a recreational and historic area within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Cataloochee was once home to a substantial Appalachian community and Cherokee hunting ground. 
The Walker Sisters Place was a homestead in the Great Smoky Mountains of Sevier County, in the U.S. state of Tennessee.
The surviving structures— which include the cabin, springhouse, and corn crib— were once part of a farm that belonged to the Walker Sisters— five spinster sisters who became local legends due to their adherence to traditional ways of living.
The sisters inherited the farm from their father, and after the Great Smoky Mountains National Park was formed in the 1930s, they obtained a lifetime lease.
The National Park Service gained control of the property in 1964 when the last Walker sister died.
The surviving structures were placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.
Former Great Smoky Mountains National Park historian Paul Gordon wrote, "of all the people who once lived in what is now Great Smoky Mountains National Park, none exhibited better the character of the mountain people than the Walker family."
While part of the Walker Cabin was built in the 1840s (this section later became the cabin's kitchen) by an early Little Greenbrier settler, the present cabin is mostly the work of Wiley King (1800–1859) and John Walker (1841–1921), the latter being the father of the Walker Sisters.
Walker built the farm's corn crib in the 1870s, and in 1882 he helped build the nearby Little Greenbrier School.
An article about the Walker Sisters appeared in the April 27, 1947 edition of the "Saturday Evening Post".  
Hazel Creek is a tributary stream of the Little Tennessee River in the southwestern Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina.
The creek's bottomlands were home to several pioneer Appalachian communities and logging towns before its incorporation into the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Hazel Creek is now a back country campsite and historical area. 
 Great Smoky Mountains National Park, shared with North Carolina
Question: when was the 40th anniversary of apollo 11?
About the article "Apollo 11", section "Moon race".

Candidate passages:
Frank Sinatra's 1964 recording of "Fly Me To The Moon" became closely associated with NASA's Apollo space program.
A copy of the song was played on the Apollo 10 mission which orbited the moon.
It became "the first music ever heard on the moon" when played on a portable cassette player by Apollo 11 astronaut Buzz Aldrin after he stepped onto the moon.
The song’s association with the Apollo 11 was reprised many years later when Diana Krall sang it at the mission's 40th anniversary commemoration ceremony.
She also sang a “slow and solemn version” in 2012 at the national memorial service for Apollo 11 mission commander Neil Armstrong. 
A DVD of the special commemorative "Sky at Night" film "Apollo 11: A Night to Remember" was released on 6 July 2009 to coincide with the 40th anniversary of the first man on the moon. 
On July 20, 2009, the 40th anniversary of the Apollo 11 mission, Google introduced the Google Earth version of Google Moon, which allows users to view satellite images of the Moon.
It was announced and demonstrated to a group of invited guests by Google along with Buzz Aldrin at the Newseum in Washington, D.C. 
Google Moon is a service similar to Google Earth that shows satellite images of the Moon.
It was launched by Google on July 20, 2009, the 40th anniversary of the Apollo 11 lunar landing.
The landing site of each of the Apollo missions is shown on the satellite image, providing more information on each mission as the user zooms in. 
In 2009, to coincide with the 40th Anniversary of the flight of Apollo 11, he collaborated with the London Science Museum on a novel video installation called "Apollo Raw and Uncut" which projected all 23 hours of NASA's 16mm Apollo flight film, shot on Apollo missions AS-501 (Apollo 4) to AS-512 (Apollo 17).
Much of this footage, including an almost 8 minute sequence documenting a long drive across the rugged Descartes Highlands had never been screened in its entirety in public before.
The aim of the installation was to present the story of Apollo in as unedited and unfiltered form as possible.
The work was screened again in Montreal, Quebec, in November 2009, as part of an exhibition at the Canadian Centre for Architecture called 'Intermission: Films from a Heroic Future', which Riley also helped to curate, and a third time in 2013 at Lincoln's Digital Culture Festival Frequency Continuing the presentation of overlooked space film archives in public gallery spaces Chris collaborated with the London based creative science agency super/collider on his 2011 show Cone Crater - a 40th anniversary celebration of Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell's exploration of the Frau Mauro lunar highlands, which played at The Book Club, London as part of the Apollo's End project.
Question: Who composed Fruitvale Station?
About the article "Fruitvale Station", section "Music".

Candidate passages:
 Canada Fruitvale, British Columbia United States Fruitvale, California * Fruitvale, Fresno County, California * Fruitvale, Kern County, California * Fruitvale, Oakland, California ** Fruitvale (BART station) * the Fruitvale Oil Field, underneath Bakersfield, California Fruitvale, Colorado Fruitvale, Tennessee Fruitvale, Texas Fruitvale, Washington  
 Ryan Coogler — Fruitvale Station  
The Fruitvale BART station is located near the center of the shopping district, at the corner of 33d Avenue and East 12th Street.  
  "Fruitvale Station", for "best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film"  
Fruitvale can refer to:
Question: In Wake in Fright who plays Jarvis?
About the article "Wake in Fright", section "Cast".

Candidate passages:
  Walkabout  Wake in Fright  
Dean Jarvis (born 1 June 1992) is a Northern Irish footballer who plays for Derry City in the League of Ireland as a left back. 
Ross Anthony "Rossi" Jarvis (born 11 March 1988) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Cambridge United in the Conference National. 
Wake in Fright (also known as Outback) is a 1971 Australian-American thriller film directed by Ted Kotcheff and starring Gary Bond, Donald Pleasence and Chips Rafferty.
The screenplay was written by Evan Jones, based on Kenneth Cook's 1961 novel of the same name.
Made on a budget of , the film was an Australian/American co-production by NLT Productions and Group W. "Wake in Fright" tells the story of a young schoolteacher who descends into personal moral degradation after finding himself stranded in a brutal, menacing town in outback Australia.
For many years, "Wake in Fright" enjoyed a reputation as Australia's great "lost film" because of its unavailability on VHS or DVD, as well as its absence from television broadcasts.
In mid-2009, however, a thoroughly restored digital re-release was shown in Australian theatres to considerable acclaim.
Later that same year it was issued commercially on DVD and Blu-ray Disc.
"Wake in Fright" is now recognised as a seminal film of the Australian New Wave.
Australian musician and screenwriter Nick Cave called "Wake in Fright" "The best and most terrifying film about Australia in existence."
  Jarvis Brown, Major League Baseball outfielder  Jarvis Cocker, English singer-songwriter and frontman for the band Pulp  Jarvis "Joe" Deane, photographer who lost an eye in the 1896 Crash at Crush  Jarvis Green, American football defensive end  Jarvis Hayes, American professional basketball player  Jarvis Hunt, American architect  Jarvis Kenrick, English association football (soccer) player  Jarvis Lorry, fictional character in "A Tale of Two Cities"  Jarvis Lynch, Major General in the U.S. Marine Corps  Jarvis Moss, American football defensive end  Jarvis Tatum, Major League Baseball center fielder  Jarvis Tyner, American politician  Jarvis Varnado, college basketball player  Jarvis Williams, American football safety
Question: How many viewers watched the 2-5th episodes of Once Upon a Time?
About the article "Once Upon a Time (TV series)", section "Ratings".

Candidate passages:
The series was once again given a Friday evening prime-time slot, with most episodes being aired at 8:30pm.
The opening episode of the series gained 7.17 million viewers, becoming the second most watched programme of the week.
The sixth series averaged 6.35 million viewers for each episode. 
"Down the Rabbit Hole" is the first episode of the "Once Upon a Time" spin-off series "Once Upon a Time in Wonderland".
The premiere received generally positive reviews from critics, despite low ratings; the episode was watched by 5.8 million viewers. 
Upon airing, episode was watched by 2.77 million American viewers, and received an 18-49 rating/share of 1.0/4.
The show placed fourth in its time-slot, behind "The Big Bang Theory", "Hell's Kitchen", and "Once Upon a Time in Wonderland"; and thirteenth for the night. 
The series was once again given a prime-time Friday evening slot, with most episodes airing at 8:30pm.
The first episode of the series gained 9.17 million viewers, considerably more than episodes in the previous series, becoming the most watched programme for the week.
Ratings for the series were consistent, however, two episodes failed to reach the 5 million mark, and the Christmas special failed to attract more than 5.5 million viewers.
However, ratings were good enough for a sixth series of eight episodes to be commissioned. 
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