Question: What does the ethics of cloning refer to in bioethics?
About the article "Cloning", section "Ethical issues of cloning".

Candidate passages:
Human cloning is the creation of a genetically identical copy of a human.
The term is generally used to refer to artificial human cloning, which is the reproduction of human cells and tissue.
It does not refer to identical twins, which is a commonplace way of producing human clones.
The ethics of cloning is a controversial issue.
There are two commonly discussed types of human cloning: "therapeutic cloning" and "reproductive cloning".
Therapeutic cloning involves cloning cells from an adult for use in medicine and transplants, and is an active area of research.
Two common methods of therapeutic cloning are: Somatic-cell nuclear transfer and, more recently, pluripotent stem cell induction.
Reproductive cloning involves making an entire cloned human, instead of just specific cells or tissues. 
The "Public Lecture Series: Applied Ethics in Hong Kong" was launched on 1992 and regularly invites local and overseas scholars to deliver public lectures on bioethics, business ethics, environmental ethics, family ethics and etc.
Distinguished international speakers, include Jürgen Habermas and Hans Küng.
In order to foster research in the field of Bioethics in the Chinese context, since 2007 the centre has organized an annual Summer Class on "Sino-American Perspectives in Bioethics" and Symposium on "Bioethics from Chinese Philosophical/Religious Perspectives."
International Symposium on Chinese Ethics of War and Peace: Traditional Approaches and Contemporary Problems (2011) Public Lecture on Good Lawyer, Bad Lawyer: Professional Ethics in China (2011) Public Lecture on Dragon and Dove: Nation-Statism & Christianity in Today's China (2011) Moral Theory of a Classical Economist: Adam Smith Case Study (2010)  Public Lecture on Hospital Clinical Ethics Committee: What Went Right and What Went Wrong?
(2010)  Public Lecture on Health Care and the Common Good (2010) The Third Summer Class on Sino-American Perspectives in Bioethics (2010) The Fourth Symposium on Bioethics from Chinese Philosophical/Religious Perspectives (2010) Public Lecture on Cloning and Stem Cells: A Bioethical Analysis (2010) The Second Summer Class on Sino-American Perspectives in Bioethics (2009) The Third Symposium on Bioethics from Chinese Philosophical/Religious Perspectives (2009)  Public Lecture on Why is Ethics relevant to Public Health?
(2009)  Public Lecture on Allocation of Medical Resources: What it means for Hong Kong (2009)  Public Lecture on Caring for Nature: From Respect to Reverence (2008)  
Judaism does not equate life with conception and, though some question the wisdom of cloning, Orthodox rabbis generally find no firm reason in Jewish law and ethics to object to cloning.
Liberal Jewish thinkers have cautioned against cloning, among other genetic engineering efforts, though some prize the potential medical advantages. 
Particular fields of application.
Bioethics is the study of controversial ethics brought about by advances in biology and medicine.
Bioethicists are concerned with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law, and philosophy.
It also includes the study of the more commonplace questions of values ("the ethics of the ordinary") that arise in primary care and other branches of medicine.
Bioethics also needs to address emerging biotechnologies that affect basic biology and future humans.
These developments include cloning, gene therapy, human genetic engineering, astroethics and life in space, and manipulation of basic biology through altered DNA, XNA and proteins.
Correspondingly, new bioethics also need to address life at its core.
For example, biotic ethics value organic gene/protein life itself and seek to propagate it.
With such life-centered principles, ethics may secure a cosmological future for life. 
Applied ethics – using philosophical methods, attempts to identify the morally correct course of action in various fields of human life.
Economics and business * Business ethics – concerns questions such as the limits on managers in the pursuit of profit, or the duty of 'whistleblowers' to the general public as opposed to their employers.
* Development ethics (economic development) * Ethics in management * Ethics in pharmaceutical sales * Lifeboat ethics (economic metaphor)  Bioethics – concerned with identifying the correct approach to matters such as euthanasia, or the allocation of scarce health resources, or the use of human embryos in research.
* Abolitionism (bioethics) – the bioethical school and movement that endorses the use of biotechnology to maximize happiness and eliminate suffering * Ethics of cloning * Veterinary ethics * Neuroethics – ethics in neuroscience, but also the neuroscience of ethics * Utilitarian bioethics  Decision ethics – ethical theories and ethical decision processes.
Empirical ethics – ethics based on the collection of empirical data  Organizational ethics – ethics among organizations.
Professional ethics * Accounting ethics – study of moral values and judgments as they apply to accountancy.
* Archaeological ethics – * Computer ethics – deals with how computing professionals should make decisions regarding professional and social conduct.
** Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics * Engineering ethics * Journalism ethics and standards * Research ethics ** Internet research ethics * Legal ethics * Marketing ethics * Media ethics * Medical ethics (aka clinical ethics) ** Evidence-based medical ethics ** Military medical ethics * Nursing ethics  Ethics of technology * Technoethics – the ethics of technology in society * Ethics of terraforming * Cyberethics * Ethics of artificial intelligence ** Machine ethics – the moral behavior of artificial moral agents ** Roboethics – the moral behavior of humans as they design, construct, use and treat artificially intelligent beings * Internet ethics * Information ethics  Social ethics – ethics among nations and as one global unit.
* Population ethics * Sexual ethics  Bridge ethics – codes of ethics applied during play of the card game known as contact bridge.
Environmental ethics – concerned with issues such as the duties of humans towards landscapes and species.
* Animal rights – also known as animal liberation, is the idea that the most basic interests of non-human animals should be afforded the same consideration as the similar interests of human beings.
* Climate ethics – concerned with the ethical dimensions of climate change, and concepts such as climate justice.
* Environmental virtue ethics * Trail ethics  Ethics of eating meat  Public sector ethics * Government ethics * Ethics in public administration * International Ethics – in international relations * Regulatory ethics