Question: How many Vietnamese civilians died in the Vietnam War?
About the article "Vietnam War", section "Casualties".

Candidate passages:
195,000-430,000 South Vietnamese civilians died in the war.
50,000-65,000 North Vietnamese civilians died in the war.
It was difficult to distinguish between civilians and military personnel on the Viet Cong side since many dressed as civilians. 
From 1964 to 1975, an estimated 1,500 persons died during the forced relocations of 1,200,000 civilians, another 5,000 prisoners died from ill-treatment and about 30,000 suspected communists and fighters were executed.
6,000 civilians died in the more extensive shellings.
In Quang Nam province 4,700 civilians were killed in 1969.
This totals, from a range of between 42,000 and 118,000 deaths caused by South Vietnam, excluding North Vietnamese forces killed by the ARVN in combat. 
Estimates of the number of casualties vary, with one source suggesting up to 3.8 million violent war deaths.195,000–430,000 South Vietnamese civilians died in the war.
50,000–65,000 North Vietnamese civilians died in the war.
The Army of the Republic of Vietnam lost between 171,331 and 220,357 men during the war.
The official US Department of Defense figure was 950,765 communist forces killed in Vietnam from 1965 to 1974.
Defense Department officials believed that these body count figures need to be deflated by 30 percent.
In addition, Guenter Lewy assumes that one-third of the reported "enemy" killed may have been civilians, concluding that the actual number of deaths of communist military forces was probably closer to 444,000.
A detailed demographic study calculated 791,000–1,141,000 war-related deaths for all of Vietnam.
Between 200,000 and 300,000 Cambodians died during the war.
About 60,000 Laotians also died, and 58,220 U.S. service members were killed.
U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson landed 42,000 troops in the Dominican Republic in 1965 to prevent the emergence of "another Fidel Castro."
More notable in 1965, however, was U.S. intervention in Southeast Asia.
In 1965 Johnson stationed 22,000 troops in South Vietnam to prop up the faltering anticommunist regime.
The South Vietnamese government had long been allied with the United States.
The North Vietnamese under Ho Chi Minh were backed by the Soviet Union and China.
North Vietnam, in turn, supported the National Liberation Front, which drew its ranks from the South Vietnamese working class and peasantry.
Seeking to contain Communist expansion, Johnson increased the number of troops to 575,000 in 1968.
North Vietnam received Soviet approval for its war effort in 1959; the Soviet Union sent 15,000 military advisors and annual arms shipments worth $450 million to North Vietnam during the war, while China sent 320,000 troops and annual arms shipments worth $180 million.
While the early years of the war had significant U.S. casualties, the administration assured the public that the war was winnable and would in the near future result in a U.S. victory.
The U.S. public's faith in "the light at the end of the tunnel" was shattered on January 30, 1968, when the NLF mounted the Tet Offensive in South Vietnam.
Although neither of these offensives accomplished any military objectives, the surprising capacity of an enemy to even launch such an offensive convinced many in the U.S. that victory was impossible.
A vocal and growing peace movement centered on college campuses became a prominent feature as the counter culture of the 1960s adopted a vocal anti-war position.
Especially unpopular was the draft that threatened to send young men to fight in the jungles of Southeast Asia.
Elected in 1968, U.S. President Richard M. Nixon began a policy of slow disengagement from the war.
The goal was to gradually build up the South Vietnamese Army so that it could fight the war on its own.
This policy became the cornerstone of the so-called "Nixon Doctrine."
As applied to Vietnam, the doctrine was called "Vietnamization."
The goal of Vietnamization was to enable the South Vietnamese army to increasingly hold its own against the NLF and the North Vietnamese Army.
On October 10, 1969, Nixon ordered a squadron of 18 B-52s loaded with nuclear weapons to race to the border of Soviet airspace in order to convince the Soviet Union that he was capable of anything to end the Vietnam War.
The morality of U.S. conduct of the war continued to be an issue under the Nixon presidency.
In 1969, it came to light that Lt. William Calley, a platoon leader in Vietnam, had led a massacre of Vietnamese civilians a year earlier.
In 1970, Nixon ordered secret military incursions into Cambodia in order to destroy NLF sanctuaries bordering on South Vietnam.
The U.S. pulled its troops out of Vietnam in 1973, and the conflict finally ended in 1975 when the North Vietnamese took Saigon, now Ho Chi Minh City.
The war exacted a huge human cost in terms of fatalities (see Vietnam War casualties).
195,000–430,000 South Vietnamese civilians died in the war.
50,000–65,000 North Vietnamese civilians died in the war.
The Army of the Republic of Vietnam lost between 171,331 and 220,357 men during the war.
The official US Department of Defense figure was 950,765 communist forces killed in Vietnam from 1965 to 1974.
Defense Department officials believed that these body count figures need to be deflated by 30 percent.
In addition, Guenter Lewy assumes that one-third of the reported "enemy" killed may have been civilians, concluding that the actual number of deaths of communist military forces was probably closer to 444,000.
Between 200,000 and 300,000 Cambodians, about 35,000 Laotians, and 58,220 U.S. service members also died in the conflict. 
R. J. Rummel estimated that NVA/VC forces killed around 164,000 civilians in democide between 1954 and 1975 in South Vietnam, from a range of between 106,000 and 227,000.
Rummel's summary has a mid-level estimate of 17,000 South Vietnamese civil servants (ARVN's local millitia) killed by North Vietnamese forces (including the Viet Cong).
In addition, at least 36,000 Southern civilians were executed for various reasons in the period 1967–1972.
About 130 American and 16,000 South Vietnamese POWs died in captivity.
During the peak war years, almost a third of civilian deaths were the result of Viet Cong atrocities.