Question: When was the first atomic bomb explosion?
About the article "Galatea of the Spheres", section "Dalí's motivation".

Candidate passages:
In 1953 Sherman covered the first 12 atomic bomb test series at Yucca Flat, Nev., and was one of six reporters who volunteered to witness a nuclear explosion in an open trench less than two miles from ground zero.
One of the first historic explosions code-named Annie sparked this eyewitness dispatch: "The murky dawn light was suddenly gone from our trench, washed out by the indefinable, unbelievable brilliance of the atomic flash.
Under my nose the dull powdered sand of the trench turned an unworldly white.
Simultaneously, the earth we embraced so dependently convulsed in violent paroxysm.
We were shaken like dice in a cup for brief, fleeting moments of terror.
"Following an earlier, rescheduled explosion, Sherman wrote a long narrative about a bomb test that did not explode as planned.
Dr. John C. Clark, who climbed the 300-foot explosion tower with two other test scientists, disconnected basic detonation wires of what they called "the gadget."
They climbed back down and returned to the "firing" control room 10 miles away.
The bomb was rescheduled to test explode five days later; the flash was seen in Los Angeles 375 miles away.
The public never heard of this heroic, harrowing episode.
When Sherman asked why the first story had been spiked, the editor said, "Because the bomb didn’t go off."
The Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum covers the history the bombing of Nagasaki, Japan.
It portrays scenes of the war, the dropping of the atomic bomb, the reconstruction of Nagasaki and present day.
Additionally, the museum discusses the development history of nuclear weapons.
The atomic bomb was developed during the Manhattan Project by American scientists.
The project was granted funding on December 6, 1941, and viewed by American leaders as a new invention which would be a legitimate weapon in war.
By 1943, it was decided that the first bomb would be dropped on Japan and two years later, in 1945, a shortlist of cities for bombing had been created.
At the time, the atomic bomb was considered as a way to end the war sooner than expected.
Hiroshima was the first atomic bomb target.
The first bomb was dropped there to show the power of America's new weapon, and the second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki to show that America had a large arsenal.
At 11:02 A.M. local time on August 9, 1945, the atomic bomb, nicknamed the Fat Man after Winston Churchill, was dropped on Nagasaki, forever changing the city's landscape.
A mushroom cloud reaching over 45,000 feet high rose from the city.
Within the museum is a history of the city before the bomb was dropped.
The hypocenter of the explosion was the Urakami district, which was a traditionally rustic and isolated suburb.
However, the population soared after the 1920s when the district was chosen as the site for munitions factories.
An industrial zone was quickly created.
Additionally, the Urakami district was home to the Nagasaki Medical College.
When the bomb was dropped at 11:02 A.M. on August 9, 1945, the 20 neighborhoods within a one-kilometer radius of the hypocenter were completely destroyed by the heat flash and blast winds generated by the explosion.
They were then reduced to ashes by the fires which followed.
Within 2 km of the hypocenter, roughly 80% of the houses collapsed and burned.
When the smoke cleared, the area was strewn with corpses.
Reconstruction of the city proceeded slowly.
It was not until the latter half of 1946 that the first emergency dwellings were provided to the communities.
The need for buildings far surpassed the availabilities.
As late as 1950, applications for corporate dwellings exceeded the availability ninety times.
The national government of Japan created a war disaster reconstruction plan in November 1945 which projected a city concept which would abandon the old war industries and focus instead on a revival of foreign trade, shipbuilding, and the fishing industry.
Today, the city is considered a peace city and has pledged itself to the mission of world peace. 
Trinity is an interactive fiction computer game written by Brian Moriarty and published in 1986 by Infocom.
It is widely regarded as one of the company's best works, and was included as one of the titles in the 2010 book "1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die".
The plot blends historical and fantastic elements as part of a prose poem regarding the destructive power of the atomic bomb and the futile nature of war in the atomic age.
The name refers to the Trinity test, the first nuclear explosion, which took place in July 1945.
It is Infocom's twentieth game and the last game released by the company when it was solvent. 
The test surprised the Western powers.
American intelligence had estimated that the Soviets would not produce an atomic weapon until 1953, while the British did not expect it until 1954.
When the radioactive fission products from the test were detected by the US Air Force, the US began to follow the trail of the nuclear fallout debris.
President Truman notified the world of the situation on September 23, 1949: "We have evidence that within recent weeks an atomic explosion occurred in the U.S.S.R." (Truman's statement likely in turn surprised the Soviets, who had hoped to keep the test a secret to avoid encouraging the Americans to increase their atomic programs, and did not know that the United States had built a test-detection system using the WB-29 Superfortress.)
The announcement was a turning point in the Cold War that had just begun.
The Green Run was a secret test carried out to help the US Air Force's reconnaissance for future detections of Soviet atomic tests.
Once the Soviet Union was confirmed to be in possession of the atomic bomb, pressure mounted to develop the first hydrogen bomb. 
Sir Michael Willcox Perrin (1905–1988) was a scientist who created the first practical polythene, directed the first British atomic bomb programme, and participated in the Allied intelligence of the Nazi atomic bomb.