Question: In what year did the Germans fight against the Soviet Union in Case Blue?
About the article "Operation Barbarossa", section "Aftermath".

Candidate passages:
See German prisoners of war in the Soviet Union, Forced labour of Germans in the Soviet Union and Forced labour of Germans after World War II. 
With the failure of the Battle of Moscow, all German plans of a quick defeat of the Soviet Union had to be revised.
The Soviet counteroffensives in the winter of 1941 caused heavy casualties on both sides, but ultimately eliminated the German threat to Moscow.
Nevertheless, despite this setback, the Soviet Union had suffered heavily from the loss of large parts of its army, allowing the Germans to mount another large-scale offensive in the summer of 1942, called Case Blue, now directed towards the oil fields of Baku.
This offensive failed just as "Barbarossa" had: the Germans again conquered vast amounts of no-mans-land, but they had again failed to achieve their ultimate goals when they were defeated at Stalingrad.
By then, the Soviet war economy was fully operational, so the Soviet Union was able to simply outproduce the Germans, who were not prepared for a long war of attrition.
As a result, the Germans' last all-out offensive in 1943 at the battle of Kursk failed.
After three years of constant warfare, the Germans were exhausted; thus the Soviets were finally able to defeat the Germans decisively in Operation "Bagration" during the summer of 1944.
This led to a chain of Soviet victories which pushed the Germans back to Berlin in just one year, leading to the surrender of Germany on 8 May 1945.
Armia Krajowa relations with the Red Army became increasingly poor over the course of the war.
Not only did the Soviet Union invade Poland following the German invasion of Poland in 1939, but even after the Germans invaded Soviet Union the Soviet Union saw Polish partisans loyal to the government in exile as more of an enemy to their plans to take control of post-war Poland, than as a potential ally.
On orders from Stavka sent on 22 June 1943, Soviet partisans engaged Polish partisans in combat, and it has been claimed that they attacked the Poles more often than they did the Germans.
In late 1943, the actions of Soviet partisans, who were ordered to liquidate the AK forces, even resulted in a limited amount of uneasy cooperation between some units of AK and German forces.
While AK still treated Germans as the enemy and conducted various operations against them, when Germans offered AK arms and provisions to be used against the Soviet partisans, some Polish units in the Nowogródek and Wilno decided to accept them.
However, any such arrangements were purely tactical and did not evidence the type of ideological collaboration as shown by the Vichy regime in France or the Quisling regime in Norway.
The Poles main motivation was to acquire intelligence on Germans and to acquire much needed equipment.
There are no known joint Polish-German actions, and the Germans were unsuccessful in their attempt to turn the Poles toward fighting exclusively against Soviet partisans.
Further, most of such collaboration of local commanders with the Germans was condemned by AK headquarters.
Tadeusz Piotrowski quotes Joseph Rothschild saying "The Polish Home Army was by and large untainted by collaboration" and adds that "the honor of AK as a whole is beyond reproach.
"With the Eastern Front entering Polish territories in 1944, AK established an uneasy truce with the Soviets.
Even then, the main forces of the Red Army and the NKVD conducted operations against the AK partisans, including during or directly after the Polish Operation Tempest, which was designed by the Poles to be a joint Polish-Soviet action against the retreating Germans and to establish Polish claims to those territories.
AK helped Soviet units with scouting or organizing uprisings and helping to liberate various cities (ex.
Operation Ostra Brama, Lwów Uprising), only to find that immediately afterwards AK troops were arrested, imprisoned – or even executed.
Unknown to the Poles, Joseph Stalin's aim to ensure that an independent Poland would never reemerge in the postwar period made the Operation Tempest idea fatally flawed from the beginning.
Soviet forces continued to engage the elements of AK long after the war.
Many AK soldiers continued fight after World War II in anti-Soviet Polish underground, known as the cursed soldiers. 
The Franco government of Spain had risen to power as a result to a significant degree of Italian and German intervention and support.
Spain, which was suffering the aftermath of the recently finished Spanish Civil War, did not have the resources to join the war on its own, and Franco and Hitler did not achieve an agreement about the terms of the Spanish participation.
Despite its non-belligerency, Spain sent volunteers to fight alongside Germans against the Soviet Union in the form of the Blue Division.
As the Allies emerged as possible victors, the regime became more neutral, at least in theory, finally declaring its neutrality in July 1943 although the complete removal of Spanish troops from Eastern Front was not completed until March 1944.
Although it sought to avoid entering the war, Spain did make plans for defence of the country.
Initially, the mass of the Spanish army was stationed in southern Spain in case of an Allied attack from Gibraltar during 1940 and 1941.
However, Franco ordered the divisions to gradually redeploy in the mountains along the French border in case of a possible German invasion of Spain as Axis interest in Gibraltar grew.
By the time it became clear that the Allies were gaining the upper hand in the conflict, Franco had amassed all his troops on the French border and received personal assurances from the leaders of Allied countries that they did not wish to invade Spain.  
The Soviet Union demanded to move the Finnish border further away from Leningrad.
The USSR also insisted that Finland lease the Hanko Peninsula (or similar territory at the entrance to the Gulf of Finland) for the creation of a Red Baltic Fleet naval base.
However, Finland refused and the Soviet Union invaded the country, initiating the Winter War.
The USSR set up the Finnish Democratic Republic (), a short-lived Soviet puppet regime in the occupied Karelian territories.
The Soviets also occupied the Petsamo municipality in the Barents Sea coast during the war.
The Moscow Peace Treaty ended the state of occupation on 12 March 1940, as Finland was forced to cede parts of Karelia.
The land accounted for 9% of the country's territory, included Finland's second largest city Viipuri and much of Finland's industry.
About 422,000 Karelians — 12% of Finland's population — choose rather to evacuate beyond the new border and lose their homes than to become Soviet subjects.
The military troops and the remaining civilians were hastily evacuated.
Finland also had to cede a part of the Salla area, the Kalastajansaarento peninsula in the Barents Sea and four islands in the Gulf of Finland.
The ceded areas were integrated within the Karelian ASSR to form the Karelo-Finnish SSR.
When the hostilities resumed in 1941, Finnish forces retook the lost areas and then advanced further up to the Svir River and Lake Onega before the end of the year.
In the Soviet offensive of 1944 against the Finns the Red Army advance was halted by the Finns before reaching the 1940 border or, in the sole case where it did happen, the Red Army was promptly thrown back in Finnish counterattack.
In the negotiations that followed the stopping of the Soviet offensive Finns further ceded the Petsamo municipality to the Soviet Union in the Moscow Armistice.
The Soviet forces took the municipality from the Germans during the Petsamo–Kirkenes Offensive.