Question: Which state was the first to introduce universal health insurance?
About the article "United States", section "Health".

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Queensland Health is the department of the Government of Queensland responsible for operating and administering the public health system of the Australian State of Queensland.
It is responsible to the State's Health Minister Lawrence Springborg and its Director-General is Ian Maynard.
In 2010, Queensland Health had approximately 78,000 employees across the state.
In the mid-1940s Queensland was the first state in Australia to introduce free and universal public hospital treatment, a policy that some other states followed. 
Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger of California proposed comprehensive health insurance reform for California on January 9, 2007 that would lead to nearly universal health insurance coverage in the state.
The plan involved a complex set of requirements that employers provide health insurance or pay into a state insurance pool, that health care providers and insurers pay a new fee, and that all individuals be legally required to carry health insurance.
The state would use the new fees to expand free or low-cost health insurance to those with low incomes, would allow higher income individuals to purchase “catastrophic” insurance, and would require insurance companies to sell insurance to any applicant (called guaranteed issue) By mid-year, two different Democratic proposals that overlapped the Governor’s proposal had merged into Assembly Bill 8 (AB8) and were seen as the most likely health insurance expansion bill to be passed and signed by California’s governor in 2007.
Another bill with substantial support in the legislature proposed a single payer system, SB840.
It was similar to a bill that had passed the legislature in a previous session and been vetoed by the Governor.
Much of the organizational ideas and effort were provided by AmericaSpeaks, a group which promotes deliberation as a community method in a variety of communities, regions and topics. 
In 2003, the Russian government implemented a government deposit insurance program, to partially level the playing field for private sector banks that had no such insurance, and the state banks that were backed by state funds.
The deposit insurance program also was a way to introduce tighter supervision over the private sector banks that were required to meet financial health criteria by the Russian central bank before being eligible for the insurance. 
The United States does not have a universal health care system, however the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, seeks to have expanded insurance coverage to legal residents by 2014.
It provides for federally mandated health insurance to be implemented in the United States during the 2010–2019 decade with the Federal government subsidizing legal resident households with income up to 400% of the Federal poverty level.
This threshold varies according to State and household size, but for an average family of four, subsidies would be available for families whose income was about $88,000 or lower.
In June 2010 adults with pre-existing conditions became eligible to join a temporary high-risk pool.
In 2014 applicants of the same age began to be able to obtain health insurance at the same published rate regardless of health status — the first time in U.S. history that insurers no longer had the right to load the premium or deny coverage prior to contract, or cancel a policy after contract due to an adverse health condition, or test result indicating that one may be imminent.
The law prohibits insurers from capping their liability for a person's health care needs, a move which is expected to rectify medically induced bankruptcy.
The Congressional Budget Office and related government agencies scored the cost of a universal health care system several times since 1991, and have uniformly predicted cost savings, partly from the elimination of insurance company overhead costs.
In 2009, a universal health care proposal was pending in Congress, the United States National Health Care Act (H.R.
676, formerly the "Medicare for All Act").
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimated that the bill would reduce the number of nonelderly people who are uninsured by about 32 million, leaving about 23 million nonelderly residents uninsured (about one-third of whom would be illegal immigrants).
Under the legislation, the share of legal nonelderly residents with insurance coverage would rise from about 83 percent in 2010 to about 94 percent by 2019.
In May 2011, the state of Vermont became the first state to pass legislation establishing a Single-Payer health care system.
The legislation, known as Act 48, establishes health care in the state as a "human right" and lays the responsibility on the state to provide a health care system which best meets the needs of the citizens of Vermont.
The state is currently in the studying phase of how best to implement this system.
A revised estimate in July 2012 by the CBO stated 30 million people would gain access to health insurance under the law.
Discussion in the United States commonly uses the term Socialized medicine to impart a pejorative meaning to the idea of universal health care. 
Chile has maintained a dual health care system in which its citizens can voluntarily opt for coverage by either the public National Health Insurance Fund or any of the country's private health insurance companies.
68% of the population is covered by the public fund and 18% by private companies.
The remaining 14% is covered by other not-for-profit agencies or has no specific coverage.
The system's duality has led to increasing inequalities prompting the Chilean government to introduce major reforms in health care provision.
Chile's health care system is funded by a universal income tax deduction equal to 7% of every worker's wage.
Many private health insurance companies encourage people to pay a variable extra on top of the 7% premium to upgrade their basic health plans.
Because of this arrangement, the public and private health subsystems have existed almost completely separate from each other rather than coordinating to achieve common health objectives.