community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: What are the Royal Colleges?
About the article "Medicine", section "Specialties".

Candidate passages:
The ACM member colleges are: 
The Office of Vocational Education Commission showed student attendance for the 2005 academic year as follows:Technical colleges 290,058; industrial and community colleges 137,377; business administration and tourism colleges 3,480; commercial colleges 16,266; arts and crafts colleges 2,214; polytechnic colleges 36,304; vocational colleges 89,703; agricultural and technology colleges 34,914; Golden Jubilee Royal Goldsmith College 525; industrial and ship building colleges 2,391; fishery colleges 1,510; agricultural engineering training centres 806; with a further 340,000 in private vocational schools. 
  Academy of Medical Royal Colleges  
Membership of the Royal Colleges of Physicians (MRCP) is a postgraduate medical diploma in the United Kingdom (UK).
The examinations are run by the Federation of the Medical Royal Colleges – the Royal College of Physicians of London, the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow.
The three Royal Colleges of Physicians share this common three part assessment in general medicine which consists of two written parts and one clinical examination.
Examinations are held throughout the UK and in overseas centres.
Holders of the MRCP(UK) can subscribe as "collegiate members" to any or all of the three UK Royal Colleges of Physicians.
There is a separate MRCPI qualification, run by the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, based in Dublin in the Republic of Ireland. 
Tutorial colleges are institutions similar to parallel colleges with more limited scope.
While parallel colleges impart full training to its students, tutorial colleges merely supplement the lessons given by colleges or schools.
Question: What is the northern Mexican variant of the dish called?
About the article "Fajita", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
Creole and Cajun cuisine feature a variant of chorizo called chaurice, which is often used in the Creole dish red beans and rice. 
A fajita (; ) is a term found in Tex-Mex cuisine, commonly referring to any grilled meat usually served as a taco on a flour or corn tortilla.
The term originally referred to the cut of beef used in the dish which is known as skirt steak.
Popular meats today also include chicken, pork, shrimp, and all cuts of beef.
In restaurants, the meat is often cooked with onions and bell peppers.
Popular condiments are shredded lettuce, sour cream, guacamole, salsa, pico de gallo, cheese, and tomato.
The northern Mexican variant of the dish name is Arrachera.
Each neighbourhood in Jakarta has its own variant of the dish, the most notable being "Nasi uduk Slipi" from West Jakarta.
There are similar dishes in Riau and Riau islands (Sumatera), Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore and Southern Thailand called "nasi lemak".
Other slightly different dish is "nasi ulam". 
 "See also carne-seca, a Brazilian dried meat."
Carne seca ('dried meat' in Spanish) is a kind of dried beef in Mexican cuisine.
In northern Mexican cuisine, particularly the states of Chihuahua and Sonora, "carne seca" is cooked in a dish called machaca, which includes tomatoes, onions, chile verde, and eggs.
Sometimes potatoes are included or used in lieu of eggs.
Carne Seca was briefly used in World War II era American military rations for mountain troops. 
Mirza-Qasemi or Mirza-Ghasemi (Persian: میرزاقاسمی, "Mirzā-Ghāsemi") is a Northern Iranian ( originally from Gilan province) appetizer or main based on Tandoori or kabobed aubergine, distinct to the Caspian Sea region.
The dish is a mixture of aubergines seasoned (Eggplant) with garlic, tomato, turmeric, oil or butter, salt and pepper bound together with eggs.
It is usually served with bread or rice.
The variant made with zucchini instead of aubergine is called Kadoo-Qasemi.
Question: What does Emeici mean?
About the article "Wushu (sport)", section "Traditional weapons routines".

Candidate passages:
  Guest performers: AudioFeels - "What does it mean?"
"What Does Anything Mean?
Basically" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. 
 "Witchcraft" (2002) "What Does It Mean?"
(2003) "Come Along" (2004)  
 "Control yourself, let others do what they will.
This does not mean you are weak.
Control your heart, obey the principles of life.
This does not mean others are stronger."
The album's sole single, "Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)", was released on 1 August 1985.
"What Does Anything Mean?
Basically" was released on 1 October 1985 through record label Statik.
Question: What are the 2 specific techniques in volleyball?
About the article "Volleyball", section "Pass".

Candidate passages:
Competitive teams master six basic skills: serve, pass, set, attack, block and dig.
Each of these skills comprises a number of specific techniques that have been introduced over the years and are now considered standard practice in high-level volleyball. 
Also called reception, the pass is the attempt by a team to properly handle the opponent's serve, or any form of attack.
Proper handling includes not only preventing the ball from touching the court, but also making it reach the position where the setter is standing quickly and precisely.
The skill of passing involves fundamentally two specific techniques: underarm pass, or bump, where the ball touches the inside part of the joined forearms or platform, at waist line; and overhand pass, where it is handled with the fingertips, like a set, above the head.
Either are acceptable in professional and beach volleyball, however there are much tighter regulations on the overhand pass in beach volleyball.
There are many horse training philosophies and techniques and details are far too extensive to describe in a single article.
Also, horses have different conformation, athletic potential, temperaments and personalities, all of which may influence what techniques are used.
For further information on horse training and specific disciplines, see the Bibliography and the articles below, which cover many of the concepts and different schools of thought on training and handling horses. 
UUJ Volleyball Club is a volleyball club in University of Ulster, in Northern Ireland.
The club's most recent success include winning the Irish Volleyball Intervarsities in November 2005 and November 2006.
It also incorporates clubs in NIVA Division 1 and 2 and the All-Ireland Premier League which are open to non-university students. 
  Superliga Masculina (SVM) (14 teams)  Superliga 2 Masculina (SM-2) (11 teams)  Men's Liga FEV (2 groups of 8 teams each) Current hierarchical divisional breakdowns.
For a list of teams, see List of volleyball clubs in SpainThe Spain national volleyball team represents the whole country, although there are unofficial autonomous community volleyball teams.
Spain volleyball is played only in the summer.
Question: What year was the centrifuge process abandoned?
About the article "Manhattan Project", section "Centrifuges".

Candidate passages:
The following process characteristics are required in a disk stack centrifuge: 
The United States Enrichment Corporation (USEC) performs enrichment using the gaseous diffusion process for U.S. commercial nuclear plants, using 11.3 million SWUs per year at its Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Paducah, Kentucky.
There is one gas centrifuge enrichment plant currently in commercial operation in the US.
The National Enrichment Facility, operated by URENCO east of Eunice, New Mexico, was the first uranium enrichment plant in 30 years to be built in the US.
The plant started enriching uranium in 2010.
Two additional gas centrifuge plants have been licensed by the NRC, but are not operating.
The American Centrifuge Plant in Piketown, Ohio broke ground in 2007, but stopped construction in 2009.
The Eagle Rock Enrichment Facility in Bonneville County, Idaho was licensed in 2011, but construction is on hold.
Currently, demonstration activities are underway in Oak Ridge, Tennessee for a future centrifugal enrichment plant.
The new plant will be called the American Centrifuge Plant, which has an estimate cost of 2.3 billion USD. 
Screen scroll centrifuge is a filtering or screen centrifuge which is also known as worm screen or conveyor discharge centrifuge.
This centrifuge was first introduced in the midst of 19th century.
After developing new technologies over the decades, it is now one of the widely used processes in many industries for the separation of crystalline, granular or fibrous materials from a solid-liquid mixture.
Also, this process is considered to dry the solid material.
This process has been some of the most frequently seen within, especially, coal preparation industry.
Moreover, it can be found in other industries such as chemical, environmental, food and other mining fields. 
The performance and output efficiency of the screen scroll centrifuge can be affected by several factors, such as particle size and feed concentration, flow rate of feed and screen mesh size of the centrifuge. 
A gas centrifuge is a device that performs isotope separation of gases.
A centrifuge relies on the principles of centrifugal force accelerating molecules so that particles of different masses are physically separated in a gradient along the radius of a rotating container.
A prominent use of gas centrifuges is for the separation of uranium-235 from uranium-238.
The gas centrifuge was developed to replace the gaseous diffusion method of uranium-235 extraction.
High degrees of separation of these isotopes relies on using many individual centrifuges arranged in cascade, that successively achieve higher concentrations.
This process yields higher concentrations of uranium-235 while using significantly less energy compared to the gaseous diffusion process.
Question: What part of Canada is most densely populated?
About the article "Canada", section "Geography".

Candidate passages:
According to the official government statistics, Sarajevo's population density is 2470.1 per square kilometer.
The most densely populated part of Sarajevo is in the municipality Novo Sarajevo (7524.5 inhabitants per square kilometer), while the least densely populated is Stari Grad municipality (742.5 inhabitants per square kilometer). 
The most densely populated neighbourhood is Paposh Nagar in the southwest of the town and the least densely populated neighbourhood is Farooq-e-Azam in the centre of the town. 
The most densely populated neighbourhood is Paposh Nagar in the southwest of the town and the least densely populated neighbourhood is Farooq-e-Azam in the centre of the town. 
India is very densely populated.
Some advocate splitting some twenty nine states and seven union territories.
It is the 2nd most populated country of the world. 
Hvammstangi is an Icelandic village in the north-west part of the country, on Vatnsnes peninsula, situated on the Miðfjörður.
It is the most densely populated area in the Húnaþing County, with a current population of about 580 people.
Question: How old is Hwang Min-woo?
About the article "Gangnam Style", section "Production".

Candidate passages:
  October 17 - Hwang Min-woo, actor  
Hwang Min-woo (born October 17, 2005. also known as Little PSY) is a Vietnamese-South Korean child actor, singer and dancer, he is best known for his appearance in the video for the 2012 international hit single "Gangnam Style". 
 Uhm Jung-hwa ... Lee Jung-ha Kim Hyo-jin ... Kang Na-ru Hwang Jung-min ... Min Jae-in Lee Hwi-hyang ... Jung-ha's mother Kim Kang-woo ... Jung-ha's younger brother Jone D. Kim ... one-night stand man Choi Min-sik ... doctor (voice cameo)  
  Jang Hyuk ... Hyeon-woo   Jo Dong-hyuk ... Min-seok   Lee Sang-woo ... Jun-hyeok   Lee Min-jung ... Su-yeon   Hwang Woo-seul-hye ... Ma-ri  Park Soo-jin ... Ji-na  Byun Hee-bong ... zoo official  Jeon Se-hong ... Mi-young  Baek Jeong-min ... Dong-won  Jang Ja-yeon ... Hye-mi  Jung In-gi ... detective  Lee Eun-soo ... young Hyeon-woo   Yoon Seol-hee ... girl in school uniform  Ra Mi-ran ... middle-aged teacher  Woo Sang-jeon ... old man  Park Jin-woo ... chief administrator   
Hwang Jung-min (born September 1, 1970) is a South Korean actor.
Question: How was the English army organized?
About the article "Battle of Hastings", section "English army and Harold's preparations".

Candidate passages:
  "The Guards Army" is the frequently used English translation for the "Wuwei" troop () organized under the Qing dynasty.  
In 1508, a warden of the Scottish East March was murdered by an English Northumbrian.
Taking advantage of the political crisis caused by this incident, the French king, whose nation was at war with the English king, Henry VIII, convinced James IV of Scotland to invade his southern neighbour.
Since King Henry was in France campaigning, Queen Catherine of Aragon organized an English army and placed it under the command of the elderly Earl of Surrey.
The army marched north and met James' forces at Flodden.
James surprised the English by leading his centre in a wild charge against Surrey's, but the English stood fast and repulsed the Scots, unhorsing and killing James.
The battle ended in an English victory. 
The 18th Missouri Infantry was a United States Army unit organized during the American Civil War. 
Doris Gregory is a Canadian author.
She is noted for her role ending gender-based segregation in Canadian universities.
Gregory studied English at the University of British Columbia in the early 1940s.
At the time, many courses were segregated by gender, with separate courses with female lecturers for female students.
Gregory organized a group of women to "crash" one of the men's lectures, and after being asked to leave the class wrote a story about the incident for the student paper, the "Ubyssey".
The story was republished by the Canadian University Press, and the women were allowed to join the men's lecture.
Gregory dropped out of university to join the Canadian Women's Army Corps in 1942, and was stationed in London and Farmborough.
An autobiography about her experiences, titled "How I Won the War For the Allies: One Sassy Canadian Soldier's Story", will be published in June 2014. 
English River Township was organized in 1845.
Question: What can the remaining fat, meat, and bones be made into?
About the article "Peking duck", section "Serving".

Candidate passages:
The cooked Peking Duck is traditionally carved in front of the diners and served in three stages.
First, the skin is served dipped in sugar and garlic sauce.
The meat is then served with steamed pancakes (), spring onions and sweet bean sauce.
Several vegetable dishes are provided to accompany the meat, typically cucumbersticks.
The diners spread sauce, and optionally sugar, over the pancake.
The pancake is wrapped around the meat with the vegetables and eaten by hand.
The remaining fat, meat and bones may be made into a broth, served as is, or the meat chopped up and stir fried with sweet bean sauce.
Otherwise, they are packed up to be taken home by the customers.
The meat for turkey bacon comes from the whole turkey and can be cured or uncured, smoked, chopped, and reformed into strips that resemble bacon.
Turkey bacon is cooked by pan-frying.
Cured turkey bacon made from dark meat can be 90% fat free.
The low fat content of turkey bacon means it does not shrink while being cooked and has a tendency to stick to the pan. 
Today's variants are diverse by the sort of the meat used, there can be pork meat, cow meat, turkey meat or chicken meat used.
In the new vegetarian variant it can be used with soya which are roasted on the vegetable fat.
The bread can be substituted with rice.
For more luxury variants we wrap the loafs before roasting into pork owens and we can also add the eggs. 
The presence of bones may make meat products more bulky, irregular in shape, and difficult to pack.
Bones may make preparation and carving more difficult however bones can sometimes be used as handles to make the meat easier to eat. 
Clean and wash the meat.
Put it into cold water and boil it.
After boiling it for the first time pour the liquid off, pour fresh water on it and boil again.
After that add the spices and the flavorings to it.
Boil it slowly until it is ready.
Take the big bones out of the meat and then put them into plates.
Clean the fat from the surface of the liquid then pour the liquid into the plates onto the meat.
After that put the plates to a cold place, let it cool down.
Before serving you can put either red pepper or black pepper on the top or you can serve it with lemon also.
Question: What living things have been scientifically cloned?
About the article "Cloning", section "Horticultural".

Candidate passages:
  An endangered species, the Mouflon was the first to live past infancy.
Cloned 2001  
Vertigo is a member of Mister Sinister's Marauders as well as living in the Savage Land.
As a Marauder, she has been killed and cloned various times.
It is unclear whether the Vertigo that appears in the Savage Land is another clone or indeed the original Vertigo, though it appears that the original Vertigo never left the Savage Land and does not have any ties with the Marauders. 
These depictions include features that have been questioned scientifically. 
 Ralph (male, 2003)  
 From early embryonic cells by Steen Willadsen (1986).
Megan and Morag cloned from differentiated embryonic cells in June 1995.
Dolly (1996–2003), first cloned mammal from somatic cells Royana (2006) cloned in Royan Research Institute in Isfahan, Iran Oyalı and Zarife were cloned in November 2007 in Istanbul University in Istanbul, Turkey.
Question: Where does the sport of curling take place at?
About the article "Curling", section "Curling culture".

Candidate passages:
The European Masters are an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament, that will take place at the Sports Center Lerchenfeld in St. Gallen, Switzerland.
The tournament, held as the final event on the Curling Champions Tour of Europe, will be incorporated into the World Curling Tour in 2013. 
The German Masters are an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament, that will take place at the Curling Club Hamburg in Hamburg, Germany.
The tournament will be held in a round-robin format.
The tournament was started in 2012 as part of the World Curling Tour. 
Hummelt led a World Curling Federation committee that lobbied for the sport of curling to become an Olympic sport.
After much effort, the International Olympic Committee approved curling's bid for Olympic sport status, and curling made its debut as an official Olympic sport in 1998 at the Nagano Winter Olympics. 
The United States Olympic Curling Trials take place to decide the curling team to represent the United States at each Winter Olympics. 
The Avonair Cash Spiel is an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament, that will take place at the Avonair Curling Club in Edmonton, Alberta.
The tournament will be held in a round robin format.
The tournament will be started in 2013 as part of the World Curling Tour's regional developmental series of events.
Question: How are kefir and kumis created?
About the article "Yeast", section "Nonalcoholic beverages".

Candidate passages:
Kumis, also spelled kumiss or koumiss in English (or "kumys", see other transliterations and cognate words below under terminology and etymology) is a fermented dairy product traditionally made from mare's milk.
The drink remains important to the peoples of the Central Asian steppes, of Huno-Bulgar, Turkic and Mongol origin: Bashkirs, Kalmyks, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Mongols, Uyghurs, and Yakuts.
"Kumis" is a dairy product similar to "kefir", but is produced from a liquid starter culture, in contrast to the solid "kefir" "grains".
Because mare's milk contains more sugars than cow's or goat's milk, when fermented, "kumis" has a higher, though still mild, alcohol content compared to "kefir".
Even in the areas of the world where "kumis" is popular today, mare's milk remains a very limited commodity.
Industrial-scale production, therefore, generally uses cow's milk, which is richer in fat and protein, but lower in lactose than the milk from a horse.
Before fermentation, the cow's milk is fortified in one of several ways.
Sucrose may be added to allow a comparable fermentation.
Another technique adds modified whey to better approximate the composition of mare's milk. 
As it contains lactobacilli bacteria, kefir can be used to make a sourdough bread.
It is also useful as a buttermilk substitute in baking.
Kefir is one of the main ingredients in cold borscht.
Other variations of kefir soups and foods prepared with kefir are popular across the former Soviet Union and Poland.
Kefir may be used in place of milk on cereal or granola. 
One group of researchers wrote:  Motaghi et al.
(1997) produced kefir grains in a goat-hide bag using pasteurized milk inoculated with sheep intestinal flora, followed by culture on the surface of milk.
Despite intensive research and many attempts to produce kefir grains from the pure or mixed cultures that are normally present in the grains, no successful results have been reported to date.
This failure can probably be ascribed to the fact that little is known about the mechanism of grain formation.
Other research indicated that kefir grains are carbohydrates of bacterial origin produced by lactobacilli from within the matrix, forming sheet-like structures that become a grain.
More recently investigators have postulated that small kefir granules form initially from auto-aggregations of lactobacilli and yeast, followed by a biofilm created by the adherence of additional bacteria and yeasts to the granule exterior. 
  Kapusta kiszona duszona  Katsuobushi  Kaymak  Kefir  Kenkey  Khanom chin  Kimchi  Kiviak  Kombucha  Kumis  Kuzhi paniyaram  Ketchup  
  Ayran  Buttermilk  Chaas  Chalap  Doogh  Filmjölk  Kumis  Leben  Labneh  Lassi  Matsoni  Shubat  Viili  Yogurt
Question: Where is "Criminal Minds" based?
About the article "Criminal Minds", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
Criminal Minds is a spin-off video game based on the CBS police procedural show "Criminal Minds".
"Criminal Minds" contains two completely new cases for people to solve. 
  "Criminal Minds": "About Face" (2007)  "Criminal Minds": "Devil's Night" (2010)  
  The Leonard Peltier case is briefly discussed in Criminal Minds, Series 8 - episode 20 ("Alchemy").  
David Rossi from "Criminal Minds" says that he knew Cooper for twenty years.
It is also quite clear that he and Aaron Hotchner, also from "Criminal Minds", have a past as well, but the matter remains moot. 
Derek Morgan is a fictional character on the CBS crime drama "Criminal Minds", portrayed by Shemar Moore.
Morgan specializes in fixations and obsessive behaviors.