community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: Are there teeth in the beak of a bird?
About the article "Anatomy", section "Bird anatomy".

Candidate passages:
It is thought that "Ichthyornis" was the Cretaceous ecological equivalent of modern seabirds such as gulls, petrels, and skimmers.
An average specimen was the size of a pigeon, long, with a skeletal wingspan (not taking feathers into account) of around , though there is considerable size variation among known specimens, with some smaller and some much larger than the type specimen of "I. dispar".
"Ichthyornis" is notable primarily for its combination of vertebrae which are concave both in front and back (similar to some fish, which is where the bird gets its name) and several more subtle features of its skeleton which set it apart from its close relatives.
"Ichthyornis" is perhaps most well known for its teeth.
The teeth were present only in the middle portion of the upper and lower jaws.
The jaw tips had no teeth and were covered in a beak.
The beak of "Ichthyornis", like the hesperornithids and other primitive birds, was compound and made up of several distinct plates, similar to the beak of an albatross, rather than a single sheet of keratin as in most modern birds.
The teeth were more flattened than the rounded teeth found in crocodilians, though they became wider towards the base of the crown.
The tips of the teeth were curved backward and lacked any serrations.
Although the wings and breastbone were very modern in appearance (suggesting strong flight ability and placing it with modern birds in the advanced group Carinatae), the jaws had numerous small, sharp teeth.
Unlike earlier birds such as the enantiornithines, it appears to have matured to adulthood in a rather short, continuous process. 
Order: Passeriformes.
Family: LaniidaeShrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns.
A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.
There are about 30 species worldwide, 9 in Britain and 5 in Wales. 
Order: Passeriformes.
Family: LaniidaeShrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns.
A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.
There are about 31 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Ireland. 
Order: Passeriformes.
Family: LaniidaeShrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns.
A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.
There are about 30 species worldwide, 9 in Britain. 
A beak is an anatomical structure, which serves as the mouth and jaws in some animals.
Beak may also refer to:  Beak, a type of molding  Barnell Bohusk, a Marvel Comics character formerly known as Beak  Beak, a Beanie Buddy kiwi bird  Beak, an old-fashioned slang term for a magistrate or the headmaster of a school  Beak, slang term for the drug cocaine  Beak (band), a music group formed by Geoff Barrow, Billy Fuller, and Matt Williams  Beak Island, in the Prince Gustav Channel
Question: How many elements make up 99% of the mass of a human body?
About the article "Biochemistry", section "Starting materials: the chemical elements of life".

Candidate passages:
By mass, human cells consist of 65–90% water (H2O), and a significant portion of the remainder is composed of carbon-containing organic molecules.
Oxygen therefore contributes a majority of a human body's mass, followed by carbon.
Almost 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus.
The next 0.75% is made up of the next five elements: potassium, sulfur, chlorine, sodium, and magnesium.
Only 17 elements are known for certain to be necessary to human life, with one additional element (fluorine) thought to be helpful for tooth enamel strength.
A few more trace elements appear to be necessary to mammals in carefully dust-free conditions.
Boron and silicon are notably necessary for plants but have uncertain roles in animals.
The elements aluminium and silicon, although very common in the earth's crust, are conspicuously rare in the human body.
Periodic table highlighting nutritional elements 
Around two dozen of the 92 naturally occurring chemical elements are essential to various kinds of biological life.
Most rare elements on Earth are not needed by life (exceptions being selenium and iodine), while a few common ones (aluminum and titanium) are not used.
Most organisms share element needs, but there are a few differences between plants and animals.
For example ocean algae use bromine but land plants and animals seem to need none.
All animals require sodium, but some plants do not.
Plants need boron and silicon, but animals may not (or may need ultra-small amounts).
Just six elements—carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, calcium, and phosphorus—make up almost 99% of the mass of a human body (see composition of the human body for a complete list).
In addition to the six major elements that compose most of the human body, humans require smaller amounts of possibly 18 more.
Almost 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of the six elements oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus.
Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium.
All are necessary to life.
The remaining elements are trace elements, of which more than a dozen are thought to be necessary for life, or play a role in good health (e.g., fluorine, which hardens dental enamel but seems to have no other function).
An easy way to remember the six most essential elements in living organisms is CHONPC (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium). 
Book 1 is made up of six theses which give a general description of medicine in general, the cosmic elements that make up the cosmos and the human body, the mutual interaction of elements (temperaments), fluids of the body (humours), human anatomy, and physiology. 
Historically, Christian theologians have differed on how many components make up the human being.
Question: What is Buena Vista Street?
About the article "Disney California Adventure", section "Buena Vista Street".

Candidate passages:
The Buena Vista East Historic District is located on the eastern side of Buena Vista, and is bound between NE 2nd Avenue and Miami Avenue from NE 42nd Street to NE 48th Street. 
Buena Vista is located at . 
The Buena Vista neighborhood surrounds Buena Vista Park, south of the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood.
Market Street is to the south, and Corona Heights Park and neighborhood is to the east. 
In the state legislature, Buena Vista is in , and .
Federally, Buena Vista is in . 
On the plaque of the flagpole in Buena Vista Plaza on Buena Vista Street,
Question: What is the first name of the female ski jumper whose last name was Hafele?
About the article "Ski jumping", section "Female".

Candidate passages:
Mathias Hafele (born 23 December 1983 in St. Jakob, St. Anton) is an Austrian ski jumper.
In the World Cup he has finished once among the top 10, a second place from Engelberg in December 2002 being his best result.
He finished third overall in the 2005/06 season of the Continental Cup. 
Julia Kykkänen (born April 17, 1994 in Lahti) is a Finnish ski jumper.
She was the first Finnish female ski jumper to compete in World Championships, during the 2009 Nordic World Ski Championships in Liberec, Czech Republic. 
Anja Tepeš (born 27 February 1991 in Ljubljana, SR Slovenia, SFR Yugoslavia) is a Slovenian female ski jumper.
Her World Cup debut was on December 3, 2011 in Lillehammer, Norway.
Anja is the daughter of Miran Tepeš, a former ski jumper and active FIS technical delegate, and sister of ski jumper Jurij Tepeš. 
Joseph C. Hafele is an American physicist best known for the Hafele–Keating experiment, a test of Einstein's theory of relativity performed while he was an assistant professor of physics at Washington University in St. Louis.
He later worked at Christopher Newport University. 
He was born Nils Johan Nilsen to a Norwegian family in Seljeskog in Salangen on 3 June 1894, as the oldest of six children.
As a child, Nelsen was an active skier and ski jumper, with more than fifteen ski jumps located in the area.
In 1913, his family emigrated to Big Eddy near Revelstoke.
Once in Canada, he anglicized his name.
His brother, Ivind Nilsen was also a champion ski jumper, and became among other things Boy's World Champion in 1922.
Ivind, who chose not to anglicize his last name, was known for his supreme style, while Nels was better known for his length.
Nelsen married Emma Pickard, with whom he had ten children.
Except for a brief period as a ski instructor, he worked as a brakeman and conductor for the Canadian Pacific Railway, whose flexibility made it easer to participate in tournaments.
He moved to North Vancouver where he raised his family.
Question: What is the origin of the food, Shabu-shabu?
About the article "Shabu-shabu", section "History".

Candidate passages:
"Shabu-shabu" was introduced in Japan in the 20th century with the opening of the restaurant "Suehiro"[http://www.e-suehiro.com/history/] in Osaka, where the name was invented.
Its origins are traced back to the Chinese hot pot known as "shuan yang rou".
"Shabu-shabu" is most similar to the original Chinese version when compared to other Japanese dishes ("nabemono") such as "sukiyaki" .
Suehiro registered the name as a trademark in 1955.
Together with "sukiyaki", "shabu-shabu" is a common dish in tourist hot-spots, especially in Tokyo, but also in local Japanese neighborhoods (colloquially called "Little Tokyos") in countries such as the United States and Canada.
Shabu Town is a suburb and a gateway town of the city of Lafia, the capital of Nasarawa State in central Nigeria.
Shabu Town along with the city of Lafia forms the Lafia metropolis. 
Shabu or syabu may refer to: Shabu, a slang term for the drug methamphetamine used in Japan, Hong Kong, Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia Ya ba, also called "shabú" (Philippines), pills with a mixture of methamphetamine and caffeine prevalent throughout Asia Shabu, a fictional genie from the sitcom "Just Our Luck" Shabu, one of the traditional dances of Himachal Pradesh Shabu, a name for tapioca in Bengali cuisine Shabu, Iran, (شبو), a village in South Khorasan Province, Iran Shabu, Qinzhou (沙埠镇), town in Qinnan District, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China Shabu, Taizhou, Zhejiang (沙埠镇), town in Huangyan District, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China  
 Sukiyaki is similar, but whereas shabu-shabu is considered more savory, sukiyaki is sweeter.
Question: Which release was the debut album by American alternative rock group The Fray?
About the article "How to Save a Life", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
Helios is the fourth studio album by American alternative rock band The Fray.
It was released on February 25, 2014 by Epic Records. 
Scars & Stories is the third studio album by American alternative rock band The Fray.
It was released on February 7, 2012. 
 "Fray", a song from the album "14 Shades of Grey" by Staind The Fray, an American rock band *"The Fray", a self-titled album by The Fray Race the Fray, an Australian rock band, sometimes given as The Fray  
Jesus Urge Superstar is the debut album by American alternative rock group Urge Overkill. 
Wilco (The Album) is the seventh studio album by American alternative rock group Wilco which was released June 30, 2009.
Prior to release, Wilco streamed the album on their website.
The album was nominated for an Grammy Award for Best Americana Album.
Question: Name a popular sport in the UAE.
About the article "United Arab Emirates", section "Sports".

Candidate passages:
Football is a widely practiced and popular sport in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Although not one of the leading footballing nations in Asia, the UAE has nonetheless produced some outstanding teams at both club and international level as well as some talented individual players. 
 The UAE has also invested in the sport.  
Endurance riding or racing is a traditional sport in the UAE.
It involves long distance races on horse back.
UAE patriot Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum is a premiere endurance rider.
The UAE claim to be the global leaders of the sport and are campaigning for it to be in the Olympic Games.
At the top level, horses cover 160 km in a day.
The UAE hold the record for the fastest 160 km race at the Presidents Cup.
Recently a UAE rider won the young rider world championships.
This sport is growing and the technology and science involved is always developing.
The Dubai Endurance City is leading the sport in the country with many world class endurance yards competing regularly. 
There are an estimated 80,000 Lebanese living in the UAE and form one of the largest community of non-citizen Arabs in the UAE, mostly living in Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Sharjah.
The UAE remains a popular touring destination for many Lebanese. 
Sport in the United Arab Emirates is widely practiced by the people of the UAE.
Football is the most popular sport in the UAE.
Among the notable UAE sports achievements is the 2002–03 AFC Champions League won by Al Ain FC who also finished second in the 2005 AFC Champions League.
The UAE qualified for the FIFA World Cup finals for the first and only time so far in 1990, the fourth Middle-Eastern country to have qualified for the World Cup after first Egypt ( qualified for Italy in 1934 ), then, Kuwait (qualified for Spain in 1982), and Iraq (qualified for Mexico again in 1986).
Question: how similar are simultaneous dives?
About the article "Diving", section "Synchronized diving".

Candidate passages:
Start-phrase- Don't tell my mother that I'm in Mexico City.
Diego Buñuel dives into the sewers and runs from canine immigration agents to discover just how creative the residents of Ciudad de Mexico really are. 
SinglePoint works by loading the chosen data into its schema, which it then indexes in a method similar to internet search engines.
This process is repeated for each database, which are loaded into separate schemas allowing for their separate, as well as simultaneous searching.
It can be accessed via a web browser or can utilise web services when embedded into other applications. 
Dives is a genus of Neotropical birds in the family Icteridae.
It contains three species:  Cuban Blackbird, "Dives atroviolacea"  Melodious Blackbird, "Dives dives"  Scrub Blackbird, "Dives warszewiczi" The Melodious Blackbird lives in Mexico and Central America; the Scrub Blackbird in Ecuador and Peru.
The three species look similar, with plumage ranging from brownish black in juveniles to black with iridescence (green, blue, or violet) in adults, slightly more iridescent in males.
The bare parts are black and the eyes are dark brown.
The upper edge of the bill (the culmen) is curved, not flattened as in many other icterids, and the bill has a slight hook at the tip.
The songs are varied and pleasant.
If the ranges of the Melodious Blackbird and the northern populations of the Scrub Blackbird overlapped, they would be indistinguishable in the field apart from voice, and some authorities lump these two species into one; on the other hand some split the Scrub Blackbird into two species.
All three live in open habitats, including agricultural land, and have adapted well to human disturbance.
This genus is believed to be most closely related to "Euphagus" and "Quiscalus". 
Maldives offer different typology of dives but quite all the dives are characterised by medium to strong currents, that's actually what makes them so rich of life. 
In linguistics, an internationalism or international word is a loanword that occurs in several languages with the same or at least similar meaning and etymology.
These words exist in "several different languages as a result of simultaneous or successive borrowings from the ultimate source" (I.V.
Pronunciation and orthography are similar so that the word is understandable between the different languages.
It is debated how many languages are required so that a word is an internationalism.
The term is uncommon in English linguistics, although English has contributed a considerable number of words to world languages, e.g.
the sport terms: "football, baseball, cricket, and golf".
Question: When was the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts built on?
About the article "Chile", section "Tourism".

Candidate passages:
 "Horacio", 1910, Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts "The Echo", 1912, Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts "Icarus and Daedalus", 1922, Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts  
Rebeca Matte (1875–1929) was a Chilean sculptor.
Her sculptures are in the collection of the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts, including her sculpture "Icarus and Daedalus," which resides outside the museum. 
The Chilean National Museum of Natural History ( or ) is one of three national museums in Chile, along with the Museum of Fine Arts and the National History Museum.
It is located in Quinta Normal Park. 
 Quinta Normal Park site Architecture.
The ‘’Partenón’’ in Quinta Normal Park was the location of the first fine arts museum in Chile and one of the first in the Americas.
Inaugurated in 1885, it originally displayed the works of a group of Chilean painters headed up by Pedro Lira.
In 1910, as part of the celebrations for Chile’s first centenary, the current Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts was inaugurated in Parque Forestal and took on the functions of the old Quinta Normal Park building.
The old building was abandoned until 1915, and on various occasions was used as school, gymnasium and storage place.
In 1945, the painter Marco Aurelio Bontá Costa recovered the building for the arts and in 1946 opened the Museum of Contemporary Art.
Bontá Costa selected the pieces on display to give an overview of Chilean art of the 20th century.
The museum moved in 1974 to a new location in the western part of Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts building in Parque Forestal.
In 1985, an earthquake damaged the old Quinta Normal building and from 1998 it has been some efforts in order to repair him.
Parque Forestal building This building is a typical example of Neoclassical/art nouveau architecture, designed by the French-Chilean architect Emile Jecquier.
It was built in the 19th century for the centenary of Chile’s independence, which was celebrated in 1910.
The building's western front (the home of the MAC) was damaged in the 2010 Chile earthquake. 
Alberto Valenzuela Llanos (born San Fernando, Chile, August 29, 1869; died Santiago, Chile, July 23, 1925), was one of Chile's greatest painters and one of the four Great Chilean Masters, along with Pedro Lira, Alfredo Valenzuela Puelma and Juan Francisco González.
He was a landscape painter and left an estimated 1,000 paintings.
Highlights of his work include paintings of the snow-topped mountains in France and views of Paris.
Valenzuela Llanos a was pupil of Chilean artists and Juan Mochi, both directors of the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts in Santiago, Chile, with Mochi having the greatest influence on Valenzuela Llanos’ work.
He was also taught by the Chilean romantic painter .
Question: Who played Tim Hynes in the film?
About the article "Wake in Fright", section "Cast".

Candidate passages:
Gordon R. Hynes (born July 22, 1966) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played two seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Boston Bruins and Philadelphia Flyers.
Hynes was a member of the Canadian 1992 Winter Olympics ice hockey team, winning a silver medal. 
Tammy Hynes (born 11 August 1897) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Hynes was a member of South Melbourne's 1918 premiership team, in his debut season.
A centreman, Hynes retired in 1924 after 57 league games.
His grandson Tom played for South Melbourne during the 1960s. 
John Hynes (born 23 February 1979) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton in the Australian Football League.
Drafted in 1997, Haynes debuted the following year.
Playing as a key position player at 184 cm, Hynes often had to play on much larger opponents.
As a result, Hynes only managed four senior games in 1998, although he did win the reserves best and fairest award.
After failing to play a senior match in 1999, Hynes was delisted by Carlton.
He went on to play for Frankston in the Victorian Football League.
Hynes wore number 25 for the Frankston.
He was listed at 186cm and 96kg.
Hynes was named Frankston Reserve Team Coach for the 2004 Season. 
Joel Thomas Hynes (born 1976 in Calvert, Newfoundland and Labrador) is a Canadian writer, performer and actor.
He is usually credited as Joel Hynes when acting, but as Joel Thomas Hynes on book covers.
His debut novel "Down to the Dirt" won the Percy Janes First Novel Award, was shortlisted for the Atlantic Book Award and the Winterset Award, and was longlisted for the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award and the ReLit Award.
The novel has been translated into numerous international languages and was subsequently adapted into the film "Down to the Dirt", in which Hynes also played one of the lead roles.
Hynes has also performed numerous lead and leading roles for television, film and theatre.
His credits include the television series "Hatching, Matching and Dispatching" (for which he was also a writer), as well as the films "Rabbittown", "Crackie", "The Con Artist", "Messiah from Montreal", "Re-Genesis", "The Sparky Book", "Ashore" and numerous others.
Hynes was named Artist of the Year by the Newfoundland and Labrador Arts Council in 2008, has received the Lawrence Jackson Writer's Award, the Summerwork's Theatre Festival's Contra Guys Award, and most recently won the coveted Cuffer Prize.
He has also played a recurring character on Republic of Doyle.
He currently lives in Trinity Bay, Newfoundland.
His new book "Straight Razor Days" is due for release in September 2011. 
Firefly; Breathe (by Frally Hynes)
Question: Who directed Moonrise Kingdom?
About the article "Moonrise Kingdom", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
  2011 - "Moonrise Kingdom" Op.
19 - music for the movie directed by Wes Anderson "Moonrise Kingdom."
Op.
19 refers to all music Jarvis worked on including original music, arrangements and transcriptions.
Published by Indian Paintbrush Productions.  
  Moonrise Kingdom  
 "Lincoln" :Runner-up: "Moonrise Kingdom"  
 "Moonrise" (Penny Wolfson book), a biography of Wolfson's son, who is afflicted with muscular dystrophy "Moonrise" (novel), the second novel in Erin Hunter's Warriors fantasy series "Moonrise", a Ben Bova science fiction novel, part of his Grand Tour series "Moonrise", a children's book by Terri Farley "Moonrise", a book by romance novelist Anne Stuart  
 Winner: Wes Anderson-Moonrise Kingdom Runner-Up Katheryn Bigelow-"Zero Dark Thirty"
Question: What is the origin of the game tug of war?
About the article "Tug of war", section "Origins".

Candidate passages:
"Tug of War" is the title track from Paul McCartney’s 1982 album "Tug of War".  
The Tug of War International Federation (TWIF) is the international governing body for the sport of tug of war. 
Tug of War is the debut album by former adult film star Colton Ford. 
  The Fordsville Tug-of-War Championship - Kentucky's official tug-of-war championship  
Tug of war is a sport that directly puts two teams against each other in a test of strength and stamina.
Tug of war may also refer to:  "Tug of War" (Paul McCartney album), released by Paul McCartney in 1982 * "Tug of War" (song), the title track of the 1982 album  "Tug of War", a song by Ratt from the album "Ratt" released in 1999  "Tug of War" (Enchant album), released in 2003  "Tug-O-War", a song by Chevelle from their 2004 album "This Type of Thinking (Could Do Us In)"  "Tug of War" (Carly Rae Jepsen album), released in 2008  "Tug of War" (Upstairs, Downstairs), an episode of the television series "Upstairs, Downstairs"  Tug-o-War (Gladiators), an athletic event in the television series "Gladiators"  Tug-of-war value, an informal value in astronomy originally suggested by author Isaac Asimov