Question: What is in cheese that helps prevent tooth decay?
About the article "Cheese", section "Dental health".

Candidate passages:
Some studies claim that cheddar, mozzarella, Swiss and American cheeses can help to prevent tooth decay.
Several mechanisms for this protection have been proposed:
 The calcium, protein, and phosphorus in cheese may act to protect tooth enamel.
 Cheese increases saliva flow, washing away acids and sugars.
  "Journal of Public Health Dentistry"  Academic resources.
There seems to be a lot more that can be done to help individuals prevent tooth decay based on what is already known.
Even with fluoridation and oral hygiene, tooth decay is still the most common food – related disease affecting all families, having the economic impact of heart disease, obesity and diabetes.
However decay is easy to prevent by reducing acid demineralisation from food left on teeth, neutralising acid after eating, or at least twice a day chewing a special form of toothpaste before or after brushing.
All cavities occur from acid demineralisation of teeth where chewing leaves food trapped on teeth.
Though more than 95% of trapped food is left packed between teeth after every meal or snack, over 80% of cavities develop inside pits and fissures in grooves on chewing surfaces where the brush and fluoride toothpaste cannot reach.
Fissure sealants painted over chewing surfaces blocks food being trapped inside pits and fissures and changed to acid helping prevent acid demineralisation and tooth decay about as much as fluoridation where over 80% of cavities occur.
Sealants forced inside pits and fissures under chewing pressure penetrate deeper inside chewing surfaces where food is forced under chewing pressure where brushing cannot reach as seen with a glass model of a fissure.
Chewing fibre like celery after eating helps force saliva inside pits and fissures and between teeth to dilute carbohydrate like sugar in trapped food, neutralise acid and remineralise tooth better than chewing gum that cannot absorb or expel saliva.
Chewing toothpaste before or after brushing would help fluoride remineralise susceptible tooth surfaces between teeth and inside pits and fissures where brushing cannot reach.
Public health dentistry, dental specialty concerned primarily with prevention of dental decay and of periodontal disease (disease of the tissues surrounding the teeth).
Public health dentistry is practiced generally through governmentally sponsored programs, which are for the most part directed toward public-school children in the belief that their education in oral hygiene is the best way to reach the general public.
The pattern for such programs in the past was a dentist’s annual visit to a school to lecture and to demonstrate proper tooth-brushing techniques.
The 1970s saw the emergence of a more elaborate program that included a week of one-hour sessions of instruction, demonstration, and questions and answers, conducted by a dentist and a dental assistant and aided by a teacher who had previously been given several hours of instruction.
Use was also made of televised dental health education programs, which parents were encouraged to observe.
On a larger scale, public health dentistry has been concerned with the improvement of oral health in large populations.
Thus, the fluoridation of municipal water supplies in the mid-1940s resulted from research studies conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service.
This service is also involved in the delivery of dental care to specialized populations, including Native Americans on reservations, as well as the Eskimo population of Alaska. 
Tooth decay is caused by bacteria naturally present in one's mouth.
These bacteria form a sticky, colorless soft film on the teeth called plaque.
When foods containing carbohydrates (starches and sugars) are eaten, the bacteria that form plaque use the sugar as a form of energy.
They also turn it into a glue-like substance that helps them stick to the surface of the tooth.
The plaque produces acid, which attacks the enamel. 
Recaldent, with the technical name casein phosphopeptide – amorphous calcium phosphate, or CPP-ACP, is a milk-derived product that remineralizes teeth and helps prevent dental caries (tooth decay).
Casein phosphopeptides (CPP) from the major protein of milk have the ability to stabilize calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions as water soluble amorphous complexes that provide bioavailable calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions to the tooth.
These complexes of amorphous calcium phosphate and amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate stabilized by the CPP have been demonstrated in a range of laboratory, animal and short-term human clinical trials to repair (remineralise) early stages of tooth decay by replacing the calcium and phosphate ions lost due to decay.
Three longer-term, randomized, controlled clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of CPP-ACP in slowing the progression of dental caries and in regressing (repairing) early stages of tooth decay.
Another randomly controlled trial showed that CPP and calcium carbonate in a toothpaste formulation, which would spontaneously form CPP-ACP in saliva, significantly reduced caries experience in children compared with a placebo toothpaste.
A systematic review with meta-analysis by Yengopal and Mickenautsch concluded that "“the results of the clinical in situ trials indicate a short-term remineralization effect of CPP-ACP.
Additionally, the promising in vivo RCT results suggest a caries-preventing effect for long-term clinical CPP-ACP use”. "
Recaldent (CPP-ACP) can be applied to the teeth via sugar-free gum, medicated tooth crème and fortified dairy milk. 
In January of 2011, scientists developed safe and effective sugar-free herbal lollipops that kill cavity-causing bacteria.
As already established, tooth decay is caused by cariogenic bacteria like "S.
mutans."
"S. mutans" converts sugars into acids that dissolve minerals in the tooth enamel.
A previous study found that novel compound from the extraction of licorice roots, glycyrrhizol A, has strong antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria.
Killing such bacteria would control or prevent tooth decay.
Researchers produced specific herbal extracts to develop a sugar-free lollipop to kill bacteria such as "S. mutans".
Subsequent studies on humans showed a reduction of cariogenic bacteria in the oral cavity after eating these lollipops.