Question: In the Vietnam War, how many Vietnamese civilians perished?
About the article "Vietnam War", section "Casualties".

Candidate passages:
195,000-430,000 South Vietnamese civilians died in the war.
50,000-65,000 North Vietnamese civilians died in the war.
It was difficult to distinguish between civilians and military personnel on the Viet Cong side since many dressed as civilians. 
The song is set to the tune of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic".
It offers a heroic description of Lieutenant William Calley, who in March 1971 was convicted of murdering Vietnamese civilians in the My Lai Massacre of March 16, 1968.
The song discusses different opinions of the Vietnam War.
It starts of with Calley's childhood and how being a part of the war and fighting for your country was an aspiration for young children.
It later on discusses how at the time many Americans believed the killings in the war were wrong "they've made me out a villain".
Then the song talks about how whilst in Vietnam soldiers were being killed and ambushed.
Finally it ends by saying that Calley was not to blame he was only following orders and he thought it was an honor to fight at first but there was no purpose or reward in doing so. 
The Vietnamese government has estimated the number of Vietnamese civilians killed in the Vietnam War at two million, and the number of NVA and Viet Cong killed at 1.1 million — estimates which approximate those of a number of other sources.
This would give a civilian-combatant fatality ratio of approximately 2:1, or more precisely 67%.
These figures do not include civilians killed in Cambodia and Laos.
However, the lowest estimate of 411,000 civilians killed during the war (including civilians killed in Cambodia and Laos) would give a civilian-combatant fatality ratio of approximately 1:3, or more precisely 37%.
Using the lowest estimate of Vietnamese military deaths, 400,000, the ratio is about 1:1. 
The Foreign Relations Department of the Ministry of National Defense organizes international operations of the VPA.
Apart from its occupation of half of the disputed Spratly Islands, which have been claimed as Vietnamese territory since the 17th century, Vietnam has not officially had forces stationed internationally since its withdrawal from Cambodia and Laos in early 1990.
The Centre for Public Policy Analysis and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as well as Laotian and Hmong human rights organizations have provided evidence that since the end of the Vietnam War, significant numbers of Vietnamese military and security forces continue to be sent to Laos, on a repeated basis, to quell and suppress Laotian political and religious dissident and opposition groups including the peaceful 1999 Lao Students for Democracy protest in Vientiane in 1999 and the Hmong rebellion.
Rudolph Rummel has estimated that 100,000 Hmong perished in genocide between 1975 and 1980 in collaboration with Vietnam People's Army.
For example, in late November 2009, shortly before the start of the 2009 Southeast Asian Games in Vientiane, the Vietnamese army undertook a major troop surge in key rural and mountainous provinces in Laos where Lao and Hmong civilians and religious believers, including Christians, have sought sanctuary. 
From 1964 to 1975, an estimated 1,500 persons died during the forced relocations of 1,200,000 civilians, another 5,000 prisoners died from ill-treatment and about 30,000 suspected communists and fighters were executed.
6,000 civilians died in the more extensive shellings.
In Quang Nam province 4,700 civilians were killed in 1969.
This totals, from a range of between 42,000 and 118,000 deaths caused by South Vietnam, excluding North Vietnamese forces killed by the ARVN in combat.