Question: Can RNA carry genetic Information?
About the article "RNA", section "RNA genomes".

Candidate passages:
 genomes.
Like DNA, RNA can carry genetic information.
RNA viruses have genomes composed of RNA that encodes a number of proteins.
The viral genome is replicated by some of those proteins, while other proteins protect the genome as the virus particle moves to a new host cell.
Viroids are another group of pathogens, but they consist only of RNA, do not encode any protein and are replicated by a host plant cell's polymerase.
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) functions in converting genetic information from genes into the amino acid sequences of proteins.
The three universal types of RNA include transfer RNA (tRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Messenger RNA acts to carry genetic sequence information between DNA and ribosomes, directing protein synthesis.
Ribosomal RNA is a major component of the ribosome, and catalyzes peptide bond formation.
Transfer RNA serves as the carrier molecule for amino acids to be used in protein synthesis, and is responsible for decoding the mRNA.
In addition, many other classes of RNA are now known. 
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells.
Biological decoding is accomplished by the ribosome, which links amino acids in an order specified by mRNA, using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time.
The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.
The code defines how sequences of these nucleotide triplets, called "codons", specify which amino acid will be added next during protein synthesis.
With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid.
Because the vast majority of genes are encoded with exactly the same code (see the RNA codon table), this particular code is often referred to as the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply "the" genetic code, though in fact some variant codes have evolved.
For example, protein synthesis in human mitochondria relies on a genetic code that differs from the standard genetic code.
While the genetic code determines the protein sequence for a given coding region, other genomic regions can influence when and where these proteins are produced. 
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is RNA with two complementary strands, similar to the DNA found in all cells.
dsRNA forms the genetic material of some viruses (double-stranded RNA viruses).
Double-stranded RNA such as viral RNA or siRNA can trigger RNA interference in eukaryotes, as well as interferon response in vertebrates. 
Research on RNA has led to many important biological discoveries and numerous Nobel Prizes.
Nucleic acids were discovered in 1868 by Friedrich Miescher, who called the material 'nuclein' since it was found in the nucleus.
It was later discovered that prokaryotic cells, which do not have a nucleus, also contain nucleic acids.
The role of RNA in protein synthesis was suspected already in 1939.
Severo Ochoa won the 1959 Nobel Prize in Medicine (shared with Arthur Kornberg) after he discovered an enzyme that can synthesize RNA in the laboratory.
However, the enzyme discovered by Ochoa (polynucleotide phosphorylase) was later shown to be responsible for RNA degradation, not RNA synthesis.
The sequence of the 77 nucleotides of a yeast tRNA was found by Robert W. Holley in 1965, winning Holley the 1968 Nobel Prize in Medicine (shared with Har Gobind Khorana and Marshall Nirenberg).
In 1967, Carl Woese hypothesized that RNA might be catalytic and suggested that the earliest forms of life (self-replicating molecules) could have relied on RNA both to carry genetic information and to catalyze biochemical reactions—an RNA world.
During the early 1970s retroviruses and reverse transcriptase were discovered, showing for the first time that enzymes could copy RNA into DNA (the opposite of the usual route for transmission of genetic information).
For this work, David Baltimore, Renato Dulbecco and Howard Temin were awarded a Nobel Prize in 1975.
In 1976, Walter Fiers and his team determined the first complete nucleotide sequence of an RNA virus genome, that of bacteriophage MS2.
In 1977, introns and RNA splicing were discovered in both mammalian viruses and in cellular genes, resulting in a 1993 Nobel to Philip Sharp and Richard Roberts.
Catalytic RNA molecules (ribozymes) were discovered in the early 1980s, leading to a 1989 Nobel award to Thomas Cech and Sidney Altman.
In 1990 it was found in "Petunia" that introduced genes can silence similar genes of the plant's own, now known to be a result of RNA interference.
At about the same time, 22 nt long RNAs, now called microRNAs, were found to have a role in the development of "C. elegans".
Studies on RNA interference gleaned a Nobel Prize for Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 2006, and another Nobel was awarded for studies on transcription of RNA to Roger Kornberg in the same year.
The discovery of gene regulatory RNAs has led to attempts to develop drugs made of RNA, such as siRNA, to silence genes.