Question: How many people speak Japanese as a first language in Japan?
About the article "Japan", section "Languages".

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Minority (non-Japanese) students can be found throughout the entire Japanese education system.
An incomplete list of possible cultural and or language minorities represented in Japanese schools include: other Asian, particularly Korean, Chinese, Filipino, Thai, Mongolian and Vietnamese Europeans North Americans Latin American, particularly Brazilian and Peruvian Returnee children bicultural children whose parents are from separate cultures and/or who speak separate languages Ryukyuan people Ainu people Okinawans and Ainu are considered to be speakers of Japanese, and as a result are not considered language minorities.
Descendants of Koreans and Chinese who have lived in Japan for many generations also speak Japanese as their first language.
However, other non-Japanese-speaking children, such as the children of Japanese World War II orphans raised in China, who have been returning to Japan in the past decades, have introduced an element of language minorities to schools in Japan since the late 1970s. 
The knowledge of the Japanese and Portuguese languages reflects the integration of the Japanese in Brazil over several generations.
Although first generation immigrants will often not learn Portuguese well or not use it frequently, most second generation are bilingual.
The third generation, however, are most likely monolingual in Portuguese or speak, along with Portuguese, non-fluent Japanese.
A study conducted in the Japanese Brazilian communities of Aliança and Fukuhaku, both in the state of São Paulo, released information on the language spoken by these people.
Before coming to Brazil, 12.2% of the first generation interviewed from Aliança reported they had studied the Portuguese language in Japan and 26.8% said to have used it once on arrival in Brazil.
Many of the Japanese immigrants took classes of Portuguese and learned about the History of Brazil before migrating to the country.
In Fukuhaku only 7.7% of the people reported they had studied Portuguese in Japan, but 38.5% said they had contact with Portuguese once on arrival in Brazil.
All the immigrants reported they spoke exclusively Japanese at home in the first years in Brazil.
However, in 2003, the figure dropped to 58.5% in Aliança and 33.3% in Fukuhaku.
This probably reflects that through contact with the younger generations of the family, who speak mostly Portuguese, many immigrants also began to speak Portuguese at home.
The first Brazilian born generation, the Nisei, alternate between the use of Portuguese and Japanese.
Regarding the use of Japanese at home, 64.3% of Nisei informants from Aliança and 41.5% from Fukuhaku used Japanese when they were children.
In comparison, only 14.3% of the third generation, Sansei, reported to speak Japanese at home when they were children.
It reflects that the second generation was mostly educated by their Japanese parents using the Japanese language.
On the other hand, the third generation did not have much contact with their grandparent's language, and most of them speak the national language of Brazil, Portuguese, as their mother tongue.
Japanese Brazilians usually speak Japanese more often when they live along with a first generation relative.
Those who do not live with a Japanese-born relative usually speak Portuguese more often.
Japanese spoken in Brazil is usually a mix of different Japanese dialects, since the Japanese community in Brazil came from all regions of Japan, influenced by the Portuguese language.
The high numbers of Brazilian immigrants returning from Japan will probably produce more Japanese speakers in Brazil. 
"Issei" and many "nisei" speak Japanese in addition to English as a second language.
In general, later generations of Japanese Americans speak English as their first language, though some do learn Japanese later as a second language.
In Hawaii however, where Nikkei are about one-fifth of the whole population, Japanese is a major language, spoken and studied by many of the state's residents across ethnicities.
It is taught in private Japanese language schools as early as the second grade.
As a courtesy to the large number of Japanese tourists (from Japan), Japanese subtexts are provided on place signs, public transportation, and civic facilities.
The Hawaii media market has a few locally produced Japanese language newspapers and magazines, although these are on the verge of dying out, due to a lack of interest on the part of the local (Hawaii-born) Japanese population.
Stores that cater to the tourist industry often have Japanese-speaking personnel.
To show their allegiance to the U.S., many "nisei" and "sansei" intentionally avoided learning Japanese.
But as many of the later generations find their identities in both Japan and America or American society broadens its definition of cultural identity, studying Japanese is becoming more popular than it once was. 
In Japan, many Japanese Brazilians suffer prejudice because they do not know how to speak Japanese correctly.
Despite their Japanese appearance, Brazilians in Japan are culturally Brazilians, usually only speaking Portuguese, and are treated as foreigners.
The children of "Dekasegi" Brazilians encounter difficulties in Japanese schools.
Thousands of Brazilian children are out of school in Japan.
Academic studies report that many Japanese Brazilians felt (and were often treated) as Japanese in Brazil.
But when they move to Japan, they realize that they are totally Brazilian.
In Brazil, Japanese Brazilians rarely listened to samba or participated in a carnival parade.
However, once in Japan, Japanese Brazilians often promote carnivals and samba festivities in the Japanese cities to demonstrate their pride of being Brazilians.
The Brazilian influence in Japan is growing.
Tokyo has the largest carnival parade outside of Brazil itself.
Portuguese is the third most spoken foreign language in Japan, after Chinese and Korean, and is among the most studied languages by students in the country.
In Oizumi, it is estimated that 15% of the population speak Portuguese as their native language.
Japan has two newspapers in the Portuguese language, besides radio and television stations spoken in that language.
The Brazilian fashion and Bossa Nova music are also popular among Japanese.
In 2005, there were an estimated 302,000 Brazilian nationals in Japan, of whom 25,000 also hold Japanese citizenship.
Each year, 4,000 Brazilian immigrants return to Brazil from Japan. 
In Japan, many Japanese Brazilians suffer prejudice because they do not know how to speak Japanese correctly.
Despite their Japanese appearance, Brazilians in Japan are culturally Brazilians, usually only speaking Portuguese, and are treated as foreigners.
The children of "Dekasegi" Brazilians encounter difficulties in Japanese schools.
Thousands of Brazilian children are out of school in Japan.
Academic studies report that many Japanese Brazilians felt (and were often treated) as Japanese in Brazil.
The Brazilian influence in Japan is growing.
Tokyo has the largest carnival parade outside of Brazil itself.
Portuguese is the third most spoken foreign language in Japan, after Chinese and Korean, and is among the most studied languages by students in the country.
In Oizumi, it is estimated that 15% of the population speak Portuguese as their native language.
Japan has two newspapers in the Portuguese language, besides radio and television stations spoken in that language.
The Brazilian fashion and Bossa Nova music are also popular among Japanese.
In 2005, there were an estimated 302,000 Brazilian nationals in Japan, of whom 25,000 also hold Japanese citizenship.
Each year, 4,000 Brazilian immigrants return to Brazil from Japan.