Question: The great wall concept was revived in what century?
About the article "Great Wall of China", section "Ming era".

Candidate passages:
The Great Wall concept was revived again during the Ming Dynasty in the 14th century, and following the Ming army's defeat by the Oirats in the Battle of Tumu.
The Ming had failed to gain a clear upper hand over the Manchurian and Mongolian tribes after successive battles, and the long-drawn conflict was taking a toll on the empire.
The Ming adopted a new strategy to keep the nomadic tribes out by constructing walls along the northern border of China.
Acknowledging the Mongol control established in the Ordos Desert, the wall followed the desert's southern edge instead of incorporating the bend of the Yellow River.
Unlike the earlier fortifications, the Ming construction was stronger and more elaborate due to the use of bricks and stone instead of rammed earth.
Up to 25,000 watchtowers are estimated to have been constructed on the wall.
As Mongol raids continued periodically over the years, the Ming devoted considerable resources to repair and reinforce the walls.
Sections near the Ming capital of Beijing were especially strong.
Qi Jiguang between 1567 and 1570 also repaired and reinforced the wall, faced sections of the ram-earth wall with bricks and constructed 1,200 watchtowers from Shanhaiguan Pass to Changping to warn of approaching Mongol raiders.
During the 1440s–1460s, the Ming also built a so-called "Liaodong Wall".
Similar in function to the Great Wall (whose extension, in a sense, it was), but more basic in construction, the Liaodong Wall enclosed the agricultural heartland of the Liaodong province, protecting it against potential incursions by Jurched-Mongol Oriyanghan from the northwest and the Jianzhou Jurchens from the north.
While stones and tiles were used in some parts of the Liaodong Wall, most of it was in fact simply an earth dike with moats on both sides.
Towards the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Great Wall helped defend the empire against the Manchu invasions that began around 1600.
Even after the loss of all of Liaodong, the Ming army held the heavily fortified Shanhaiguan pass, preventing the Manchus from conquering the Chinese heartland.
The Manchus were finally able to cross the Great Wall in 1644, after Beijing had already fallen to Li Zicheng's rebels.
Before this time, the Manchus had crossed the Great Wall multiple times to raid, but this time it was for conquest.
The gates at Shanhaiguan were opened by the commanding Ming general Wu Sangui on May 25 who formed an alliance with the Manchus, hoping to use the Manchus to expel the rebels from Beijing.
The Manchus quickly seized Beijing, and defeated both the rebel-founded Shun Dynasty and the remaining Ming resistance, establishing the Qing Dynasty rule over all of China.
Under Qing rule, China's borders extended beyond the walls and Mongolia was annexed into the empire, so constructions on the Great Wall were discontinued.
On the other hand, the so-called Willow Palisade, following a line similar to that of the Ming Liaodong Wall, was constructed by the Qing rulers in Manchuria.
Its purpose, however, was not defense but rather migration control.
Vitruvius records how in Sparta, in 59 BC, "paintings have been taken out of certain walls by cutting through the bricks, enclosed in wooden frames, and brought to the Comitium".
A century later, apprised of paintings of Atalanta and Helen without drapery and "enflamed with lust", Caligula attempted to carry them off, but was prevented by the makeup of the plaster.
Maiuri cites examples of wall paintings in wooden frames excavated at Pompeii, a precursor to what was to follow in the 18th and 19th centuries.
The practice of detachment, in abeyance or undocumented for a millennium, was revived in Renaissance Italy, with several instances recorded by Vasari. 
The Great Wall Haval H3 (), also known as the Great Wall Hover, is a compact sports utility vehicle (SUV) produced by the Chinese manufacturer Great Wall Motors since 2005.
It was the first Chinese car to be exported in large quantities to Western Europe in 2006, with 30,000 units shipped to Italy.
Its main advantage over established European, North American and Asian rivals is its low comparative cost.
A six-speed automatic concept version called the Great Wall Hover H7 was made and can reach speeds of up to 225 km/h or 140 mph.
In Australia, the it was badged as the Great Wall X240 until 2011, when the X240 nameplate was used on the Haval H5. 
 CfA2 Great Wall, the original Great Wall of galaxies, or "Northern" Great Wall  Sculptor Wall, the "Southern" Great Wall Sloan Great Wall Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall  
  Hadrian's Wall  Servian Wall  Great Wall of China * A counterpart wall to the Great Wall in the south called the "Southern Great Wall" was erected to protect and divide the Chinese from the 'southern barbarians' called Miao (meaning barbaric and nomadic).
Madukkarai Wall