community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: When was the film Girl With a Pearl Earring produced?
About the article "Girl with a Pearl Earring", section "References in fiction".

Candidate passages:
 "Down with Love" "Girl with a Pearl Earring" "The Last Samurai"  
Girl with a Pearl Earring is the soundtrack, on the Lionsgate Records label, of the 2003 film "Girl with a Pearl Earring" starring Scarlett Johansson, Colin Firth, Tom Wilkinson, Cillian Murphy and Judy Parfitt.
The original score was composed by Alexandre Desplat.
The album was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score and the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music. 
Girl with a Pearl Earring is a 1999 historical novel written by Tracy Chevalier.
Set in 17th century Delft, Holland, the novel was inspired by Delft school painter Johannes Vermeer's painting "Girl with a Pearl Earring".
Chevalier presents a fictional account of Vermeer, the model, and the painting.
The novel was adapted into a 2003 film of the same name and a 2008 play of the same name. 
In the US, the "Girl With a Pearl Earring" DVD was released on 4 May 2004 by Lions Gate.
The Region 2 DVD's release on 31 May 2004 included audio commentaries from Webber, Paterson, Hetreed, and Chevalier; a featurette on "The Art of Filmmaking"; and eight deleted scenes. 
 "Down with Love" "Girl with a Pearl Earring" ""
Question: Who produced "Sound City"?
About the article "Sound City (film)", section "Technical".

Candidate passages:
Who I Am is a 1975 album from the former Temptations singer, David Ruffin.
Recorded by Van McCoy who produced and arranged the album in Media Sound Studios, New York City.
It provided Ruffin with his second biggest hit of his solo career, "Walk Away From Love". 
 Produced by Keith Olsen Engineered by Chris Minto at Sound City Mastered by Greg Fulginiti at Artisan Sound Recorders Arranged/ Guitar by Neil Giraldo  
  NATURE and CITY 2006 15‘ sound hd/dvd  RICHARD SERRA AT OLIVER RANCH 1995 21’ sound Betasp  WATER CYCLE 1994 14’ sound u-maticsp  EXTENDED EXPLORATORIUM 1990 14’ sound Betasp  MICROSURGICAL TRANSPLANTATION (Vol.i-iv) 1982 110’ sound 16mm (produced with Harry J. Buncke, MD - the 'father of microsurgery)  PRESENT STATUS of MICROSURGERY in HAND SURGERY 1981 29’ sound 16mm (produced with Harry J. Buncke, MD)  
The Bloodhound Gang entered Dome Sound/Ultra Psyche Studios with engineer Rich Gavalis in March 1996 to record "One Fierce Beer Coaster".
All of the songs were produced by Jimmy Pop, who also mixed most of the musical tracks on his personal Macintosh.
The album was later mastered by Joe Palmaccio at Sterling Sound Studios in New York City. 
  Produced by Keith Olsen  Engineered by Keith Olsen and Chris Minto at Sound City  Mastered by Greg Fulginiti and Jo Hansch at Artisan Sound Recorders  Leon LeCash - photographer
Question: Where did "Shrek" win the Award For Best Animated Feature, beating "Monsters, Inc.?"
About the article "Shrek", section "Accolades".

Candidate passages:
Shrek "" "Monsters, Inc." "Waking Life"  
  "Monsters, Inc."  "Shrek"  
"' "Shrek" "Monsters, Inc." "Waking Life"  
"Monsters, Inc." won the Academy Award for Best Original Song (Randy Newman, after fifteen previous nominations, for "If I Didn't Have You").
It was one of the first animated films to be nominated for Best Animated Feature (lost to "Shrek").
It was also nominated for Best Original Score (lost to "") and Best Sound Editing (lost to "Pearl Harbor").
At the Kid's Choice Awards in 2002, it was nominated for "Favorite Voice in an Animated Movie" for Billy Crystal (who lost to Eddie Murphy in "Shrek").
The American Film Institute nominated "If I Didn't Have You" in the AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs category.
The film was also nominated in the AFI's 10 Top 10 animated film category. 
Monsters, Inc.<br>Shrek "Waking Life"
Question: Which direction do the slopes that receive the full amount of sunlight in the Sonoran Desert face?
About the article "Grand Canyon", section "Plants".

Candidate passages:
Biology and ecology.
There are approximately 1,737 known species of vascular plants, 167 species of fungi, 64 species of moss and 195 species of lichen found in Grand Canyon National Park.
This variety is largely due to the 8,000 foot elevation change from the Colorado River up to the highest point on the North Rim.
Grand Canyon boasts a dozen endemic plants (known only within the Park's boundaries) while only ten percent of the Park's flora is exotic.
Sixty-three plants found here have been given special status by the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service.
The Mojave Desert influences the western sections of the canyon, Sonoran Desert vegetation covers the eastern sections, and ponderosa and pinyon pine forests grow on both rims.
Natural seeps and springs percolating out of the canyon walls are home to 11% of all the plant species found in the Grand Canyon.
The Canyon itself can act as a connection between the east and the west by providing corridors of appropriate habitat along its length.
The canyon can also be a genetic barrier to some species, like the Tassel-eared squirrel.
The aspect, or direction a slope faces, also plays a major role in adding diversity to the Grand Canyon.
North-facing slopes receive about one-third the normal amount of sunlight, so plants growing there are similar to plants found at higher elevations, or in more northern latitudes.
The south-facing slopes receive the full amount of sunlight and are covered in vegetation typical of the Sonoran Desert.
 Main articles in: Category: Fauna of the Sonoran Desert  
Yucca schidigera, also known as the Mojave yucca or Spanish Dagger, is a flowering plant that is native to the Mojave Desert, Chihuahuan Desert and Sonoran Desert of southeastern California, Baja California, New Mexico, southern Nevada and Arizona.
This yucca typically grows on rocky desert slopes and creosote desert flats between altitude, rarely up to .
They thrive in full sun and in soil with excellent drainage.
It also needs no summer water.
It is related to the Banana yucca ("Yucca baccata"), which occurs in the same general area; hybrids between the two are sometimes found. 
 See articles in: Fauna of the Sonoran Desert  
 "Common names: Sonoran Desert sidewinder, Sonoran sidewinder."
Crotalus cerastes cercobombus is a venomous pitviper subspecies found in an area that covers much of the eastern part of the Sonoran Desert in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico.
The subspecific epithet means "buzzertail."
Question: When was Fight Club the film made?
About the article "Fight Club", section "Abstract".

Candidate passages:
  The 1987 film "Barfly" is a semi-fictional story of poet/author Charles Bukowski during the time when he was drinking heavily in Los Angeles dive bars.
The film features a silent cameo appearance by Bukowski.
In the 1999 film "Fight Club", the fight club was started in the basement of a dive bar.  
Fight Club is a fighting video game based on the film "Fight Club", which was based on the novel of the same name by Chuck Palahniuk.
It was released in 2004 by Vivendi Universal. 
Fight Club is a 1999 film, directed by David Fincher.
Fight Club may also refer to:  "Fight Club" (novel), a 1996 novel by Chuck Palahniuk on which Fincher's film is based  "Fight Club" (video game), a 2004 video game based on the film  "Fight Club – Members Only", a 2006 Indian film  "Fight Club" ("The X-Files"), a 2000 episode of "The X-Files"  Fight Club DC, a defunct skatepark in Washington, D.C.  
RU-38 was promoted to the top hockey league SM-sarja in 1964.
Club won the Finnish championship in 1967.
RU-38 also made a short appearance in British espionage film Billion Dollar Brain that was partly shot in Finland.
They performed a hockey fight with another Finnish team Karhu-Kissat. 
Fight Club – Members Only is a 2006 Bollywood action drama film directed by Vicky Chopra and produced by Ravi Walia and Sohail Khan.
The film features Sunil Shetty, Zayed Khan, Sohail Khan, Dino Morea, Ritesh Deshmukh, Amrita Arora, Diya Mirza and Aashish Chaudhary in pivotal roles.
It released on 17 February 2006.
The storyline was based on a group of friends who create their own fight club in order to let college rivals fight each other privately, however things do not go as plan, when somebody is killed in the club, and his mob-underworld family want revenge.
Question: Where is the head office located today?
About the article "Fencing", section "Governing body".

Candidate passages:
There is the functional office of the local community open for inhabitants and located where the ambulance used to be.
Today the ambulance is located close to ”Oniks” Hotel. 
The Quattroruote head office is in Rozzano (Milan Province), where the historical museum of the magazine is located. 
The head office is located in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, 32 rue de Monceau. 
Skanska has its head office in Solna.
NextJet has its head office in Solna.
The head office of Scandinavian Airlines and SAS Group was previously located in Solna.
The airline head office is now located on the property of Stockholm Arlanda Airport in Sigtuna Municipality. 
Head office.
The EDF head office is located along Avenue de Wagram in the 8th arrondissement of Paris.
The EDF head office is shared between several EDF sites in Greater Paris.
Question: Where is the painting of "Lady with an Ermine" currently located?
About the article "Lady with an Ermine", section "Provenance".

Candidate passages:
Lady with an Ermine is a painting by Leonardo da Vinci from around 1489–1490.
The subject of the portrait is Cecilia Gallerani, and probably was painted at a time when she was the mistress of Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan, and Leonardo was in the service of the Duke.
The painting is one of only four portraits of women painted by Leonardo, the others being the "Mona Lisa", the portrait of Ginevra de' Benci, and "La belle ferronnière".
It is currently displayed in the Czartoryski Museum, Kraków, Poland.  
When exhibited in The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston in 2003, the painting was described as "signala breakthrough in the art of psychological portraiture". 
Ermine is an unincorporated community in Letcher County, Kentucky, United States.
Its ZIP Code is 41815.
A post office was established in the community in 1904.
The origins of the place name Ermine are unclear: it might have named for the first postmaster Ermine Webb, resident Ermine Hall, or resident Ermine Craft. 
Ermine Glacier is located on north slopes of Glacier Peak in the U.S. state of Washington.
As is true with all the glaciers found on Glacier Peak, Ermine Glacier is retreating.
During the Little Ice Age, Ermine Glacier extended down to an altitude of and was connected to Vista Glacier to its west.
From the end of the Little Ice Age to the mid-1950s, Ermine Glacier experienced a general retreat upslope, followed by an advance during a cooler and wetter period until the mid-1970s.
However, between 1992 and 2005, Ermine Glacier again retreated .  
"Lady with an Ermine" was one of the visual inspirations for Philip Pullman's concept of dæmons, appearing in the "His Dark Materials" series of novels.
This painting also features in the Robert Harris novel Fatherland as part of a collection stolen by a quartet of Nazi officials who were also part of the board who passed Hitler s Final Solution.
The painting is hidden in a Swiss bank vault along with incriminating evidence of the Final Solution and remains there although at the end of the novel it is assumed that one of the protagonists will return and bring the painting back into the world.
In the novel, this painting signifys that although the officials were corrupt in other ways, they were unable to accept the terrible human sacrifice of the Holocaust & were prepared to die rather than meekly go along with it.
Question: Do birds have teeth?
About the article "Anatomy", section "Bird anatomy".

Candidate passages:
Small possible bird teeth have been identified in this formation. 
  Question: What do you get twice for free and have to pay for if you want more?
Answer: Teeth.
(Baby teeth, permanent teeth, and false teeth.)
 stones.
Some animals that lack teeth will swallow stones or grit to aid in fragmenting hard foods.
All birds have gizzards, but not all will swallow stones or grit.
The birds that do, employ the following method of mastication: "A bird swallows small bits of gravel that act as 'teeth' in the gizzard, breaking down hard food such as seeds and thus helping digestion."
(Solomon et al., 2002).
These stones are called "gizzard stones" or "gastroliths" and usually become round and smooth from the polishing action in the animal's stomach.
When too smooth to do their required work, they may be excreted or regurgitated. 
The teeth of "V. salvadorii" do not resemble those of other monitor species, which are typically blunt, peglike, and face slightly rearward.
Their upper teeth are long and fang-like, standing vertical from the jawbone, designed to hook into fast-moving or feathered prey such as birds, bats, and rodents.
Their lower teeth are housed in a fleshy sheath.
In the wild, "V. salvadorii" is the top predator in New Guinea, feeding on birds, eggs, small animals, and carrion.
Native have reported it may take down pigs, deer, and hunting dogs, and hauls its prey into the canopy to consume it.
Its only competition is the New Guinea singing dog.
Captive specimens have been known to eat fish, frogs, rodents, chickens, and dog food.
This species has been observed hunting prey in a unique fashion for monitor lizards.
Rather than following its prey to ambush it from behind, "V. salvadorii" will stalk its prey and anticipate where it will run, meeting it headlong. 
Although stingray teeth are rare on sea bottoms compared to the similar shark teeth, scuba divers searching for the latter do encounter the teeth of stingrays.
Permineralized stingray teeth have been found in sedimentary deposits around the world, including fossiliferous outcrops in Morocco.
Question: What foods are exclusive to the region of Punjab?
About the article "Curry", section "Curries of Punjab".

Candidate passages:
Etah food consists of the food prepared in the State of Uttar Pradesh, India.
It consists of the famous Mughlai near in Agra cuisines and comprises vegetarian and non-vegetarian foods.
The Etah cuisine is similar to the foods prepared in Punjab and Kashmir.
Dum biryani, kababs, and kormas are some of the famous dishes made in this region. 
Bagga are Punjabi people found in Punjab (India) and Punjab (Pakistan).
Baggas are normally found among Sikhs, Muslims and Hindus.
Baggas belong to the Khatri, Brahmin, Ravidassia, Jat and Rajput communities of the northern Punjab region. 
After reducing Aornos, Alexander crossed the Indus to begin campaigning in the Punjab region. 
Punjab Gharānā (sometimes called Punjabi or Panjabi Gharānā), is a style and technique of Tabla playing that originated in the Punjab region of what is now split in present day Pakistan and India.
The Punjab Gharana is one of the six Tabla Gharanas (of which others are Delhi, Ajrara, Farrukhabad, Lucknow and Benares).
Initially a pakhawaj-playing gharana, the Punjab school was created in the nineteenth century. 
"Sandhar"' (Punjabi: ਸੰਧਰ, سندھڑ) is a Punjabi Jat clan found in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan.
The Sandhar clan is mainly found in the Doaba region of Punjab state, Ganganagar district and the province of Punjab in Pakistan.
Sandhars are related to Janjua Rajput clan.
Question: Who has the second largest standing armed force in NATO?
About the article "Turkey", section "Military".

Candidate passages:
"Athabaskan" has also participated in several NATO missions, patrolling the Atlantic Ocean as part of Standing Naval Force Atlantic (STANAVFORLANT) and its successor Standing NATO Response Force Maritime Group 1 (SNMG1). 
Turkey has the second largest standing armed force in NATO, after the US Armed Forces, with an estimated strength of 495,000 deployable forces, according to a 2011 NATO estimate.
Turkey is one of five NATO member states which are part of the nuclear sharing policy of the alliance, together with Belgium, Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands.
A total of 90 B61 nuclear bombs are hosted at the Incirlik Air Base, 40 of which are allocated for use by the Turkish Air Force in case of a nuclear conflict, but their use requires the approval of NATO.
The Turkish Armed Forces consists of the Land Forces, the Naval Forces and the Air Force.
The Gendarmerie and the Coast Guard operate as parts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in peacetime, although they are subordinated to the Army and Navy Commands respectively in wartime, during which they have both internal law enforcement and military functions.
The Chief of the General Staff is appointed by the President and is responsible to the Prime Minister.
The Council of Ministers is responsible to the Parliament for matters of national security and the adequate preparation of the armed forces to defend the country.
However, the authority to declare war and to deploy the Turkish Armed Forces to foreign countries or to allow foreign armed forces to be stationed in Turkey rests solely with the Parliament.
The actual Commander of the Armed Forces is the Chief of the General Staff General Necdet Özel since 4 August 2011.
Every fit male Turkish citizen otherwise not barred is required to serve in the military for a period ranging from three weeks to a year, dependent on education and job location.
Turkey does not recognise conscientious objection and does not offer a civilian alternative to military service.
The Royal Navy provides a single warship to the NATO Response Force (NRF), part of the Standing NRF Maritime Group 1 in the Atlantic and Standing NRF Maritime Group 2 in the Mediterranean.
A latest parliamentary reply has confirmed that there has been no Royal Navy ship assigned to Standing NATO Maritime Group 1, Standing NATO Maritime Group 2 or Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 1 since 2012. 
Overseas deployments are varied including regular participation in Exercise Cold Response (Norway) and as part of Standing NATO Force Mediterranean (Standing NATO Maritime Group 2).
More recently the focus has been in support of OP TELIC Roulement in the Persian Gulf.
In 2010 the ship was based in Bahrain. 
SNMG1 is a component of the NATO Response Force (NRF).
Question: What causes stars to grow closer to one another?
About the article "Gravitational wave", section "Radiation from other sources".

Candidate passages:
  "Victims of the Modern Age" (2010, on "Closer to the Stars")  
One Step Closer may refer to: 
Curse dolls.
An important element of Hyde and Closer, cursed dolls are a form of magic created when a magic talisman is placed inside an inanimate object, which brings it to life.
The doll possesses its own personality and follows the commands and instructions of its master.
A cursed doll is powered by the magic given to it by its master and can even perform magic all by itself.
Dolls also grow weaker the farther they are from their master; thus dolls that are close to their masters are far stronger.
When a curse doll is destroyed, its creator suffers backlash that takes various forms (one magician was killed by bad luck, another suddenly suffered appendicitis).
Despite what the name implies, cursed dolls do not have to strictly be dolls, as there have been stuffed animals, jack-in-the-boxes, and shadow puppets. 
The Brown family is getting stressed out at William's presence.
They decide he must be given to one of his relations for a while to keep.
William at first is indignant about being kept by his aunt, then he discovers the village she lives in isn't so dull after all... Two elderly gentleman, a colonel and another man find themselves bickering like they did the year before, and the one before that and so on, about their prizes.
One breeds good asparagus, and one good peaches.
Both vow to win the other's best offerings and grow those plants.
William gets most mixed up in the happenings, accidentally wrecking their plants, which finally causes the contest to be called of that year, and decides after his adventures with them, not to be too detailed to his mother about what happened. 
Cristian and Evangeline grow closer and soon start a relationship, eventually declaring their love for one another.
At one point Cristian tells Evangeline that he loves her more than anyone else in his life.
Cristian is set up by his manager in a boxing scandal, but later cleared of the charges when Vincent Jones confesses.
Soon after, Cristian is framed again for multiple cases of arson in Llanview; Evangeline supports his innocence, and the arsons are revealed to be racially-motivated crimes by the White supremacist group "One Pure People.
"Evangeline's friendship (and kiss) with Todd Manning disrupts her relationship with Cristian and causes them to separate.
During this time Cristian sleeps with Todd's ex-wife Blair Cramer, the two of them thinking that Evangeline and Todd are sleeping together at the same time.
Cristian and Evangeline are repairing their relationship when, in a final attack by OPP in May 2007, Cristian's loft is filled with poison gas, which injures several people and leaves Evangeline in a coma.
Cristian is then forced to say a painful goodbye to Evangeline when she is sent to a long-term care facility with only family allowed visitation.
Question: The episode "We Was Robbed" featured which character?
About the article "The Amazing Race 21", section "Episode title quotes".

Candidate passages:
  Episode 8, "We Was Robbed", went up against the 2012 American Music Awards.
The Season 21 finale was down 31% from the season 19 fall finale on December 11, 2011.
It tied as the show's lowest rated finale ever.  
In popular culture.
Ruby was prominently featured in the first episode of the ITV fantasy drama "Demons".
It was played during a scene in which the main character, Luke Van Helsing searches for his friend, who is named Ruby. 
Series 1 Episode 1: 'Let Sleeping Dogs Lie' (6 October 2004) Episode 2: 'We Was Robbed!'
(13 October 2004) Episode 3: 'Love, Probably' (20 October 2004) Series 2 Episode 1: 'A Munch in the Country' (10 July 2007) Episode 2: 'A Tail of Love' (17 July 2007) Episode 3: 'Mistress and Commander' (24 July 2007) Episode 4: 'Bitchcraft' (31 July 2007) Episode 5: 'Every Dog Has His Day' (7 August 2007) Episode 6: 'Collars and Cuffs' (14 August 2007)  
 In the "I Love Lucy" episode "Don Juan and Starlets" (first aired February 14, 1955), Fred asks "Say, Ethel wants to know if we're still going to Knott's Berry Farm today."
Lucy replies "The only knots you'll see today will be on Ricky's head."
"I wanted to ask you about Knott's Berry Farm and tell you Ricky spent the night at our place."
In "Disneyland Dream" Knott's Berry Farm is featured in the 1957 home movie.
In "Jailhouse Rock" (1957) starring Elvis Presley involved three montage scenes of Knott's when his character Vince Everett contracts an escort to 'be seen with on the town' as an exhibition of his playboy nature and they instead behave like hick tourists.
In "The Roy Rogers and Dale Evans Show" (first aired November 3, 1962) episode of ABC's western variety program was taped at Knott's Berry Farm.
The TV movie "Anatomy of a Seduction" (1979) included both stock footage of the Corkscrew with its original all white paint job and newly shot on-ride footage of the actors with its blue tracks/white supports paint livery.
In the 1982 movie "Poltergeist", Steve Freeling asks "So.
What side of the rainbow are we working tonight, Dr. Lesh?
Is this your Knott's Berry Farm solution?"
In "The Simpsons" episode, "Milhouse of Sand and Fog" (first aired September 25, 2005), a cutaway gag features animated representations of characters from "The O.C."
enjoying Knott's Berry Farm, then getting robbed by Snoopy forcing them to make an ATM withdrawal at gunpoint.
The opening sequence of "Knocked Up" (2007) featured several of the park's attractions.
"BrainRush" (first aired June 20, 2009), a Cartoon Network TV quiz show was filmed as contestants compete while riding aboard Knott's Berry Farm roller-coasters.  
The Manitou station was featured in the television series "Girls", in the episode "Video Games," in which Lena Dunham's character Hannah accompanies Jessa on a visit to her estranged father.