community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Question: What is the percentage of ethnic minorities in China?
About the article "China", section "Ethnic groups".

Candidate passages:
The PRC's Constitution and laws guarantee equal rights to all ethnic groups in China and help promote ethnic minority groups' economic and cultural development.
One notable preferential treatment ethnic minorities enjoy is their exemption from the population growth control of the One-Child Policy.
Ethnic minorities are represented in the National People's Congress as well as governments at the provincial and prefectural levels.
Some ethnic minorities in China live in what are described as ethnic autonomous areas.
These "regional autonomies" guarantee ethnic minorities the freedom to use and develop their ethnic languages, and to maintain their own cultural and social customs.
In addition, the PRC government has provided preferential economic development and aid to areas where ethnic minorities live. 
The State Ethnic Affairs Commission (SEAC) of the Government of the People's Republic of China is responsible for relations between the Central Government and ethnic minorities in China.
It is one of several departments or commissions under the State Council of the People's Republic of China. 
An Ethnic township () is a fourth-level administrative unit designated for ethnic minorities of political divisions in China.
It is not considered to be autonomous and does not enjoy the laws pertaining to the larger ethnic autonomous areas such as Autonomous regions, Autonomous prefectures, Autonomous counties and Autonomous banners. 
An Ethnic towns () is a fourth-level administrative unit designated for ethnic minorities of political divisions in China.
It is not considered to be autonomous and does not enjoy the laws pertaining to the larger ethnic autonomous areas such as Autonomous regions, Autonomous prefectures, Autonomous counties and Autonomous banners. 
Mongols in China (Chinese: 蒙古族 "Ménggǔzú") are citizens of the People's Republic of China who are ethnic Mongols.
They form one of the 55 ethnic minorities officially recognized by the People's Republic of China.
There are approximately 5.8 million people classified as ethnic Mongols living in China.
Most of them live in Inner Mongolia, Northeast China, Xinjiang, etc.
The Mongol population in China is over twice that of the sovereign state of Mongolia.
Question: What year did Giorgio Vasari write "Guglielmo" ?
About the article "Leaning Tower of Pisa", section "Timeline".

Candidate passages:
 On January 5, 1172, Donna Berta di Bernardo, a widow and resident of the house of dell'Opera di Santa Maria, bequeathed sixty soldi to the "Opera Campanilis petrarum Sancte Marie".
The sum was then used toward the purchase of a few stones which still form the base of the bell tower.
 On August 9, 1173, the foundations of the Tower were laid.
 Nearly four centuries later Giorgio Vasari wrote: "Guglielmo, according to what is being said, in year 1174 with Bonanno as sculptor, laid the foundations of the bell tower of the cathedral in Pisa.
"
 Giorgio Vasari indicates that Tommaso di Andrea Pisano was the designer of the belfry between 1360 and 1370.
 On December 27, 1233, the worker Benenato, son of Gerardo Bottici, oversaw the continuation of the construction of the bell tower.
 On February 23, 1260, Guido Speziale, son of Giovanni, a worker on the cathedral Santa Maria Maggiore, was elected to oversee the building of the Tower.
 On April 12, 1264, the master builder Giovanni di Simone and 23 workers went to the mountains close to Pisa to cut marble.
The cut stones were given to Rainaldo Speziale, worker of St. Francesco.
Vasari was born in Arezzo, Tuscany.
Recommended at an early age by his cousin Luca Signorelli, he became a pupil of Guglielmo da Marsiglia, a skillful painter of stained glass.
Sent to Florence at the age of sixteen by Cardinal Silvio Passerini, he joined the circle of Andrea del Sarto and his pupils Rosso Fiorentino and Jacopo Pontormo where his humanist education was encouraged.
He was befriended by Michelangelo whose painting style would influence his own. 
 Antonio Abbondi Galeazzo Alessi Bartolomeo Ammanati  Michelangelo Buonarroti Guglielmo dei Grigi Juan de Herrera Philibert de l'Orme Hans Hendrik van Paesschen Andrea Palladio Antonio da Sangallo the Elder Antonio da Sangallo the Younger Michele Sammicheli Raffaello Santi (Raphael) Vincenzo Scamozzi Koca Mimar Sinan Agha Giorgio Vasari Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola  
Guglielmo da Marsiglia (1475–1537) was an Italian painter of stained glass of the 16th century.
He is also known as Guglielmo da Marcillat, and was a native of Dt.
Michiel near Meuse, France.
He created 3 windows in 1519 for the Cathedral of Arezzo for a fee of 180 ducats.
He completed two windows in the church of Santa Maria del Popolo composed of 12 scenes from the lives of Christ and The Virgin Mary (1509).
He also painted in frescos.
One of his pupils was the painter, architect and biographer Giorgio Vasari. 
This "King of the Gypsies" is suggested as a possible model for "A Grotesque Head" of the sketches of human physiognomy by Leonardo da Vinci, dated to (c.1503-07).
Giorgio Vasari reported that Leonardo had done a drawing of "the Gypsy Captain Scaramuccia" which Vasari possessed, but it is not known what happened to it.
Question: Which regions can the complete Gilmore Girls  dvds be found in?
About the article "Gilmore Girls", section "DVD releases".

Candidate passages:
 Lorelai Gilmore, a character on the American television series "Gilmore Girls" Lorelai "Rory" Gilmore, a character on the American television series "Gilmore Girls" Lorelai "Trix" Gilmore, a character on the American television series "Gilmore Girls"  
The Shake Shack location in New Haven, Connecticut, features a menu item named for Handsome Dan, called the Handsome Dog.
The Handsome Dog, which features beer-marinated deep-fried onions and two kinds of cheese, debuted at the New Haven location but can now be found at all other Shake Shack locations, albeit as the Dapper Dog.
The TV Show Gilmore Girls, which is set in Connecticut makes several references to the Handsome Dan Statue. 
  In the television series "Gilmore Girls", Rory Gilmore has a job interview at the newspaper.
In the Farrelly brothers film Hall Pass, Owen Wilson's character Rick can be seen reading a copy of the newspaper in one scene.  
A complete series DVD set was released in the U.K. in 2006 by Revelation Films.
The complete series was also released on DVD in 2011 in Spain and Italy.
Most episodes are available on DVD in Germany and Holland.
The Italian and Spanish versions can currently be found on the respective country's Amazon website.
The complete series was released on DVD in the U.S. in 2012 by Oasis DVDs. 
In the UK DVDs are region 2, of PAL standard.
However, even though Hong Kong is under control of the People's Republic of China, DVDs found here are not Region 6 (for users in the Mainland China).
Officially, the DVDs in Hong Kong are region 3 in NTSC colour-coding.
DVDs of region 1 (US, NTSC format) or region 2 (Europe, PAL format) can be also found in local shops like HMV), which is not an issue for the local market as DVD players commonly sold in the shops are multi-region.
Just as other Asian countries, VCDs are common for rental and sale in Hong Kong but these discs are not popular in the UK.
Question: What network did the "Private Practice" pilot air?
About the article "Private Practice (TV series)", section "Broadcast history".

Candidate passages:
A put pilot is a pilot that the network has agreed to air.
If the network does not air the pilot episode, the network will owe substantial monetary penalties to the studio.
Generally, this guarantees that the pilot will be picked up by the network. 
 "The 16th Man" "The Big C", “Taking The Plunge” "Friday Night Lights", “I Can’t” "Jamie Oliver’s Food Revolution" "The Oprah Winfrey Show", “A Two-Day Oprah Show Event: 200 Adult Men Who Were Molested Come Forward” "Parenthood", “Pilot” "Private Practice", “Did You Hear What Happened to Charlotte King?” "Wartorn 1861-2010"  
Reiher has appeared in TV shows such as "Lost", "Private Practice", "Rodney", and "Summerland", as well as in the movies "", "My Big Fat Independent Movie", "Hatchetman" and "Truth about Kerry".
He has also written and produced his own series, "Subs", which won a "Make Your Own Pilot" contest with the FX Network. 
To prevent disruption to the cellular phone network from the effects of fast-moving cell phones at altitude (see Technical discussion, below), the FCC has banned the use of mobile phones on all aircraft in flight.
The FCC did, however, allocate spectrum in the 450 MHz and 800 MHz frequency bands for use by equipment designed and tested as "safe for air-to-ground service" and these systems use far more widely separated ground stations than standard cellular systems.
In the 450 MHz band co-channel assignments are at least 497 miles apart and in the 800 MHz band only specific sites were authorized by the FCC.
The 450 MHz service is limited to "general aviation" users, usually corporate jets, while the 800 MHz spectrum can be used by airliners as well as for general aviation.
The 450 MHz spectrum is named AGRAS while the name of the 800 MHz service is under review following an auction of the spectrum in 2006.
The FAA in 14 C.F.R § 91.21 prohibits the use of portable electronic devices, including mobile phones, for all commercial flights and for those private flights being made under instrument flight rules (IFR).
It does allow that the airline (or, for privately operated aircraft, the pilot) can make an exception to this rule if the operator deems that device safe.
This effectively gives the airline, or the private pilot, the final word as to what devices may safely be used aboard an aircraft as far as the FAA is concerned although the FCC restriction still applies.
Note that for aircraft operated by an airline the pilot is not considered the "operator" and cannot legally allow exceptions to the airline's restrictions although the pilot may dictate "additional" restrictions.
On February 11, 2014, the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure approved the Prohibiting In-Flight Voice Communications on Mobile Wireless Devices Act.
The bill would forbid airline passengers from talking on mobile phones during a flight. 
ABC had ordered the pilot episode on January 30, 2012.
The pilot show was directed by Phillip Noyce ("Revenge").
The network has chosen not to air the show.
Question: What actress played Dr. Ryan Stone?
About the article "Gravity (film)", section "Cast".

Candidate passages:
Sandra Bullock — "Gravity" as Dr. Ryan Stone Jennifer Lawrence — "" as Katniss Everdeen Evangeline Lilly — "" as Tauriel Gwyneth Paltrow — "Iron Man 3" as Pepper Potts  
Cate Blanchett — "Blue Jasmine" as Jeanette "Jasmine" Francis Sandra Bullock — "Gravity" as Dr. Ryan Stone Judi Dench — "Philomena" as Philomena Lee Brie Larson — "Short Term 12" as Grace Meryl Streep — "" as Violet Weston Emma Thompson — "Saving Mr. Banks" as Pamela "P. L." Travers  
Sonya Walger (born 6 June 1974) is an English actress.
She is known for her roles in the ABC series "Lost" as Penny Widmore, and as Olivia Benford on ABC's "FlashForward".
In 2012, she played Dr. Emma Ryan on "Common Law". 
 Dr. Gloria Tassky :(Played by Francine Tacker, 1985) Pamela Thatcher: (Played by Ellen Barber, 1981) :Younger actress on "The Proud and the Passionate" TV show Art Thompson :(Played by Gregory Abels, 1976) :Husband of Kathleen Ryan Thompson, father of Deirdre Thompson.
He sells insurance.
Deirdre Thompson : (Played by Rachel Robinson, 1976) :Daughter of Kathleen Ryan Thompson and Art Thompson.
Katie Thompson :(Played by Lauren O'Bryan, 1984; Julia Campbell, 1984–1985) Daniel Thorne :(Played by Chip Zien, 1981) :A producer on "The Proud and the Passionate" TV show  
  Aired: October 29, 2007  Group Therapy: Walk the Streets Naked.
Special Guest(s): Ryan Simonetti, pro skateboarder and Kim Kardashian*, socialite, model and actress
Question: What series did Lights compose for?
About the article "Lights (musician)", section "2006–07: Musical beginnings".

Candidate passages:
The soundtrack will be composed by Jeet Ganguly.
Neeti Mohan has sung for the film.
It was Kailash Kher who was first approached to compose for City Lights but was apparently replaced by Jeet Ganguly on contract issues. 
According to the "Sarasota Herald-Tribune", Hubbard was discovered when she performed one of her original pieces backstage, at an event sponsored by the organization, while working as a representative in the United States for the Church of Scientology.
She was convinced to record a few tapes of her music in 1976.
"LifeTimes" was recorded in 1979.
In an interview about the album with "The Harvard Crimson", Diana Hubbard explained her motivation and inspiration for the album.
She said she wanted to compose music that "is felt but not heard", and attempted to revitalize the romantic aspects to jazz.
She said that her work was "not trying to be any structured thing.
In all of us we have the dreamer".
Hubbard characterized her composition style as "impressionistic paintings in music", in an interview with the "St. Petersburg Times".
She commented, "My music is for the time when people want to turn out the lights, listen and escape into another world ... to dream places ... to little magical places in which the listener can participate and become involved."
Regarding a potential audience, Hubbard said, "My music is for intelligent listeners, who don't mind if I change chords, and are willing to see what happens next."
Explaining why written text did not accompany the songs, Hubbard said, "I wrote lots of poetry.
But somehow it didn't feel right to have lyrics with the pieces – I'd rather leave that slot open for the listener.
"She wrote liner notes for each piece in the album, describing exactly what type of vision she was attempting to evoke with her compositions.
For her description of the first track on the album, "Rose Coloured Lights", Hubbard wrote that the picture she was trying to bring about for the listener was "a yacht in the Mediterranean.
Leaning over a rail at night thinking.
The whole spectrum of love: the champagne of c'est la vie in a million stories..." 
 Theater of the Ears: "Lights Out" Lights Out, radio series; 86 episodes available for download at the Internet Archive  
R=retired NS=did not start DIS=disqualified 
These are films which Zimmer did not compose the score, but produced the soundtrack album for it.
Question: What is used to evaluate the arteries of the neck and brain, amonth others?
About the article "Magnetic resonance imaging", section "Magnetic resonance angiography".

Candidate passages:
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a group of techniques based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to image blood vessels.
Magnetic resonance angiography is used to generate images of arteries (and less commonly veins) in order to evaluate them for stenosis (abnormal narrowing), occlusions, aneurysms (vessel wall dilatations, at risk of rupture) or other abnormalities.
MRA is often used to evaluate the arteries of the neck and brain, the thoracic and abdominal aorta, the renal arteries, and the legs (the latter exam is often referred to as a "run-off"). 
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) generates pictures of the arteries to evaluate them for stenosis (abnormal narrowing) or aneurysms (vessel wall dilatations, at risk of rupture).
MRA is often used to evaluate the arteries of the neck and brain, the thoracic and abdominal aorta, the renal arteries, and the legs (called a "run-off").
A variety of techniques can be used to generate the pictures, such as administration of a paramagnetic contrast agent (gadolinium) or using a technique known as "flow-related enhancement" (e.g., 2D and 3D time-of-flight sequences), where most of the signal on an image is due to blood that recently moved into that plane, see also FLASH MRI.
Techniques involving phase accumulation (known as phase contrast angiography) can also be used to generate flow velocity maps easily and accurately.
Magnetic resonance venography (MRV) is a similar procedure that is used to image veins.
In this method, the tissue is now excited inferiorly, while the signal is gathered in the plane immediately superior to the excitation plane—thus imaging the venous blood that recently moved from the excited plane.
The vertebral arteries are major arteries of the neck.
They branch from the subclavian arteries and merge to form the single midline basilar artery in a complex called the "vertebrobasilar system", which supplies blood to the posterior part of the circle of Willis and thus significant portions of the brain. 
The anterior cerebral circulation is the blood supply to the anterior portion of the brain.
It is supplied by the following arteries: Internal carotid arteries: These large arteries are the left and right branches of the common carotid arteries in the neck which enter the skull, as opposed to the external carotid branches which supply the facial tissues.
The internal carotid artery branches into the anterior cerebral artery and continues to form the middle cerebral artery  Anterior cerebral artery (ACA) * Anterior communicating artery: Connects both anterior cerebral arteries, within and along the floor of the cerebral vault.
Middle cerebral artery (MCA)  
This method involves tightening a ligature around the neck so as to compression the carotid arteries, preventing the supply of oxygen to the brain and resulting in unconsciousness and death.
The technique is also associated with certain types of judo holds and restraints, and auto-erotic asphyxiation.
Question: What is Iran's main religion?
About the article "Iran", section "Religion".

Candidate passages:
The main dominant religion is Islam. 
Main religion of Nang Rong is Buddhism.  
The main religion of the Shaigiya tribe is Islam. 
Iran's military industry has taken great strides in the past 25 years, and now manufactures many types of arms and equipment.
According to Iranian officials, the country sold $100 million worth of military equipment in 2003. and as of 2006 had exported weapons to 57 countries.
Iran's military industry, under the command of Iran's Ministry of Defense, is composed of the following main components: 
Ruppach-Goldhausen is the parish’s main seat.
Question: What do you use to strain yogurt?
About the article "Yogurt", section "Strained yogurt".

Candidate passages:
Frozen yogurt has come to be used much like ice cream, and is served in a wide variety of flavors and styles.
Many companies allow customers the option of adding various toppings, or of ordering their frozen yogurt in cups or in cones.
Certain sellers offer sugar-free varieties.
Frozen yogurt made by some chains is tarter and closer to the original recipe, whereas other firms focus on making their frozen yogurt taste like ice cream.
Debates have arisen as to what the best flavor and topping combinations are.
Because of this, a number of frozen yogurt stores offer customers the opportunity to serve themselves and experiment with several flavours and toppings.
Some stores even have a board where you can write your favorite combos for all to see.
Dieticians often recommend selecting healthy toppings when mixing and ordering frozen yogurt. 
 "Strain of the Dance" (J. McCarthy) "What Will You Do About Me" (Jesse Oris Farrow) "Let Somebody Know" (Sinnott) "Lake of Shadows" (Lunny, Sinnott, O'Neill)  
Soy yogurt, also referred to as Soya yogurt, Soygurt or Yofu (a portmanteau of "yogurt" and "tofu"), is yogurt prepared with soy milk. 
Inquire students about their experience.
These are some guiding questions for your class discussion:  What tools did you use?
What problems did you encounter?
Did you have any surprises?
If you had more time, what would you do differently?
Have students reflect individually:  What elements of the mission were meaningful to you?
What parts of the mission do you see relevant to your future job experience?
What tools do you want to test out in the future?
What did you contribute to your group?  
Bulgarian yogurt is similar to other yogurt produced in the Balkans, but it has a distinctive flavor.
This is due to the milk of the Bulgarian sheep, which are raised on herb-rich pastures using traditional methods, and to the specific local strains of bacteria used.
Another factor influencing flavor is that Bulgarian yogurt is never sterilized after fermentation.
Question: What language is promoted above all others in Malaysia?
About the article "Malaysia", section "Culture".

Candidate passages:
Knowledge-based services are expanding in Malaysia.
Malaysia is being promoted as a destination for Medical tourism, regionally and internationally. 
Papar is a minor Austronesian language spoken in Sabah, Malaysia. 
Bonggi (Banggi) is an Austronesian language spoken in Sabah, Malaysia. 
The Chinese Language Standardisation Council of Malaysia (; ), abbreviated Yufan () is the body charged with regulating the use of the Chinese language in Malaysia. 
The Methodist Youth Fellowship of Malaysia () or MYF is a religious youth organization aligned with the Methodist Church in Malaysia.
It is also an affiliate of the Malaysian Youth Council website, an umbrella body of youth organisations in Malaysia.
The stated objectives of the MYF are to help all young people to :  achieve a vital relationship with Jesus Christ as Saviour and Lord,  grow in Christian character;  render effective and joyous service to the Church and to the world;  win others into the Kingdom of God The motto of the MYF is Christ Above All.
Question: What film noticeably inspired the current generation of mainstream animated films?
About the article "Shrek", section "Influence".

Candidate passages:
Previous films and TV shows, such as "Fractured Fairy Tales" and "The Princess Bride", have parodied the traditional fairy tale.
However, "Shrek" itself has noticeably influenced the current generation of mainstream animated films.
Particularly after "Shrek 2", animated films began to incorporate more pop culture references and end-film musical numbers.
Such elements can be seen in films like "Robots", and "Chicken Little".
It also inspired a number of computer animated films which also spoofed fairy tales, or other related story genres, often including adult-oriented humor, most of which were not nearly as successful as "Shrek", such as "Happily N'Ever After", "Igor", and "Hoodwinked!
".
  "Frozen", a 2013 Disney animated feature film inspired by the story.  
In 1970 he created the first Lithuanian film studio animated movie "The Initiative", whose theme was inspired by Prague Spring events.
He has directed numerous animated films and documentaries. 
  * television film.
α Animated film.  
R. Bruce Elder, born , is a Canadian filmmaker and critic.
Described by New York filmmaker and critic Jonas Mekas as “the most important North American avant-garde filmmaker to emerge during the 1980′s,” Elder combines images, music and text to create works that reflect his interest in philosophy, technology, science, spirituality and the human body.
His first major film cycle (20 films), “The Book of All the Dead”, inspired by Dante Alighieri’s “Commedia” and Ezra Pound’s “Cantos”, grew out of his preoccupation with the horrors of modernity, its faith in progress and the loss of a sense of what is good and evil.
His current film cycle, “The Book of Praise” makes extensive use of computer-image generation, highlighting his fascination with mathematics and digital technology.
Elder received the 2007 Governor General Award in Visual  and Media Arts.
The jury described him as “highly innovative”, “influential” and “acutely intelligent” noting the enormous span of his practice and the demanding nature of his films.