Question: What are the actions you can take to advance a ball in water polo?
About the article "Water polo", section "Advancing the ball".

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A Water polo cap is a piece of headgear used in water polo and a number of underwater sports.
The caps are used to identify both the player and their team, and to protect their ears from injury possibly caused by a water polo ball hitting the head. 
When the offense takes possession of the ball, the strategy is to advance the ball down the field of play and to score a goal.
Players can move the ball by throwing it to a teammate or swimming with the ball in front of them ("dribbling").
If an attacker uses his/her arm to push away a defending player and free up space for a pass or shot, the referee will rule a turnover and the defence will take possession of the ball.
If an attacker advances inside the 2-meter line without the ball or before the ball is inside the 2-meter area, (s)he is ruled offside and the ball is turned over to the defence.
This is often overlooked if the attacker is well to the side of the pool or when the ball is at the other side of the pool.
Inner tube water polo is a style of water polo in which players, excluding the goalkeeper, are required to float in inner tubes.
By floating in an inner tube players expend less energy than traditional water polo players, not having to tread water.
This allows casual players to enjoy water polo without undertaking the intense conditioning required for conventional water polo.
Surf polo, another variation of water polo, is played on surfboards.
First played on the beaches of Waikiki in Hawaii in the 1930s and 1940s, it is credited to Louis Kahanamoku, Duke Kahanamoku's brother.
Canoe polo or kayak polo is one of the eight disciplines of canoeing pursued in the UK, known simply as "polo" by its aficionados.
Polo combines paddling and ball handling skills with a contact team game, where tactics and positional play are as important as the speed and fitness of the individual athletes. 
 equipment.
Little player equipment is needed to play water polo.
Items required in water polo include: Ball: A water polo ball is constructed of waterproof material to allow it to float on the water.
The cover is textured to give players additional grip.
The size of the ball is different for men's, women's and junior games.
Caps: A water polo cap is used to protect the players' heads and ears, and to make them identifiable from afar.
Home team field players wear numbered white caps; Visiting team field players wear numbered dark-colored or black caps.
Both starting goalkeepers wear red caps (sometimes quartered), numbered "1" (substitute goalies' caps are numbered either "13" for FINA international play or "15" for NCAA play) Caps are fitted with ear protectors.
Goals: Two goals are needed in order to play water polo.
These can either be put on the side of the pool, or in the pool using floaters.
Mouthguard: A mouthguard is not mandatory in most tournaments, but is recommended.
Swimwear: Male water polo players wear either swim briefs or jammers (thigh-length trunks).
Female players must wear a one-piece swimsuit.
Suit-grabbing fouls are common, so players often wear tight-fitting suits, and may layer on several suits at a time for additional security.
Many swimwear labels also sell specialized water polo suits that feature reinforced stitching and tougher fabric.
Female water polo suits are generally one-piece outfits which do not have open backs, but zip securely up the back so as to not have straps that can be easily grabbed.  
Players can move the ball by throwing it to a teammate or swimming with the ball in front of them.
Players are not permitted to push the ball underwater in order to keep it from an opponent, or push or hold an opposing player unless that player is holding the ball.
Water polo is an intensely aggressive sport, so fouls are very common and result in a free throw during which the player cannot shoot at the goal unless beyond the "5 meter" line.
If a foul is called outside the 5 meter line, the player is either able to shoot, pass or continue swimming with the ball.
Water polo players need remarkable stamina because of the considerable amount of holding and pushing that occurs during the game, some allowed, some unseen or ignored by the referees (usually underwater).