Question: How much do digital textbooks cost Korean schoolchildren?
About the article "South Korea", section "Education".

Candidate passages:
With any new advanced technology related to digital information storage, the main question to be answered is its durability.
Digital storage media like disc or tapes deteriorate over time.
The main question related to digital preservation is what and how much should be preserved.
To make the preservation of digital media cost effective, standardization of different media format is required.
Following are the three possible approaches. 
Though many governments and school districts are making large investments in digital textbooks, adoption is slow.
According to data from Bowker Market Research, in the spring semester of 2013, only 3% of college students used a digital textbook as their primary course material.
In multiple studies, strong majorities of college students, teens, and children continue to express a preference for printed books.
Furthermore there is conflicting information about how digital textbooks affect learning, cognition and retention.
However, students are growing more exposed to digital textbooks, and new research suggests that student performance is about the same whether students work from digital or printed texts.  
Romanisation is not normally taught in Taiwan's public schools at any level.
Consequently, most Taiwanese do not know how to romanise their names or addresses.
Teachers use only Zhuyin ("bopomofo") for teaching and annotating the pronunciation of Mandarin.
There have been sporadic discussions about using a romanisation system during early education to teach children Mandarin pronunciation (like how students in Mainland China learn Mandarin using Hanyu Pinyin).
However, like all other aspects of romanisation in Taiwan, this is a controversial issue.
The plan in the early 2000s to adopt Pinyin was delayed due to disagreements over which form to use (Tongyong or Hanyu).
The move is complicated by the massive effort needed to produce new instructional materials and retrain teachers.
Textbooks teaching other languages of Taiwan — namely, Hoklo, Hakka, and Formosan languages — now also often include pronunciation in romanisations (such as modified Tongyong) in addition to Zhuyin.
Textbooks purely supplemented by romanisation, without Zhuyin annotations, are very rare at the elementary-school level, since some schoolchildren are still unfamiliar with the Latin alphabet.
Government publications for teaching overseas Taiwanese children usually are completely bilingual, but only have Zhuyin in the main body of the texts and a comparison chart of Zhuyin and one or more romanisation systems.
Those for teaching advanced learners (such as youths and adults) have infrequent phonetic annotations for new phrases or characters.
These annotations, usually in the footnotes, are romanised, in addition to having Zhuyin.
Like most Mandarin instructional materials released in North America, phrasebooks and textbooks targeting Mandarin learners from overseas (mostly adult learners and workers) in Taiwan usually include only Hanyu Pinyin with tone marks (accompanied by traditional characters). 
There are generally two types of RTAs:   RTAs employing analog signal processing, and   RTAs employing digital signal processing (DSP).
The main difference between the two types is that the analog RTAs use a series of hardwired, analog bandpass filters to break the signal into frequency bands prior to measuring it.
Digital RTAs use digital sampling technology and microprocessor based digital signal processing to perform necessary calculations, such as Fast Fourier Transforms, to perform the measurements and thus do not need analog hardware filters to isolate each frequency band.
The digital approach to signal analysis generally yields much higher accuracy and resolution and thus most RTAs currently in production use digital signal processing technology.
Digital signal processing is more cost effective. 
MOFAT statistics showed 8,886 Koreans in Baguio as of 2011.
Koreans come to Baguio City due to its reputation as the northern Philippines' education capital with good local standard of spoken English, and also its cool climate due to high elevation.
The weather and low cost of living is a particular attraction to Korean retirees; the latter factor is disappearing recently but the former remains.
In the late 1990s, there was only one Korean restaurant in the city, along with a Korean-owned beauty parlor.
The population expansion was led by Korean students who came for English courses during their school breaks.
Some enrolled as regular students in local universities.
Others brought their families.
However, in 2008, it was reported that thousands of Koreans had left Baguio City since their businesses went bankrupt in the face of the global economic crisis' effects on the Philippines, dropping the local Korean population from 10,000 to 4,000.
A plan for Korean investors to redevelop the Baguio Athletic Bowl in Burnham Park fell apart in early 2010 due to the city government's opposition to the facility's privatization.
The number of language schools aimed at Koreans has expanded rapidly.
By 2006, the city officially already had twelve tutorial schools aimed at Koreans.
In addition to the tutorial schools, roughly two to four thousand Korean schoolchildren enrolled in local grade schools by 2007.
Baguio is also a popular destination not just for youths, but also for Korean nurses who aim to improve their English skills before working in the United States or United Kingdom.
However, in 2007, it was estimated that, out of 55 Korean-run language schools in Baguio, 18 lacked the proper permits from the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA).
Problems with school accreditation continued, and by 2011, Koreans in the city agreed to a moratorium on the opening of further English schools, to allow the by-then 115 schools to be audited.
Aside from students, Korean Christians from Busan and Incheon have come to plant churches.
South Korean fashion and entertainment have also become trendy in Baguio, affording entrepreneurial Koreans the chance to do good business as importers of cultural products.
Koreans participate in local events such as the Panagbenga Festival (Baguio Flower Festival).
However, their integration is not entirely without problems: in particular despite estimates that the city had the country's second-largest Korean population following Manila, the municipal records showed only ten Koreans who had permits to operate businesses in the city.
It was suspected that many were actually working illegally.
Residents complained of illegal businesses which violated foreign ownership limits and underpaid wages, and of loud parties held by Koreans in their apartments.
Furthermore, the Korean businesses contributed little tax revenue to city coffers.