Question: Who decides who can receive "jūdan" (tenth degree black belt), the highest grade designation in judo?
About the article "Judo", section "Rank and grading".

Candidate passages:
Judo is a hierarchical art, where seniority of judoka is designated by what is known as the - ranking system.
This system was developed by Jigoro Kano based on the ranking system in the board game Go.
Beginning students progress through kyu grades towards dan grades.
A judoka's position within the kyu-dan ranking system is displayed by the color of their belt.
Beginning students typically wear a white belt, progressing through descending kyu ranks until they are deemed to have achieved a level of competence sufficient to be a dan grade, at which point they wear the .
The kyu-dan ranking system has since been widely adopted by modern martial arts.
The highest grade ever awarded "jūdan" (tenth degree black belt) has no formal requirements and is decided by the president of the Kodokan, currently Kano Jigoro's grandson Yukimitsu Kano.
As of 2011, fifteen Japanese men have been promoted to this rank by the Kodokan, three of whom are still alive; the IJF and Western national federations have promoted another seven who are not recognized (at that level of rank) by the Kodokan.
On July 28, 2011, the promotion board of USA Judo awarded Keiko Fukuda the rank of 10th "dan", who is the first woman to be promoted to judo's highest level, albeit not a Kodokan-recognized rank.
Although "dan" ranks tend to be consistent between national organizations there is more variation in the "kyū" grades, with some countries having more "kyū" grades.
Although initially "kyū" grade belt colours were uniformly white, today a variety of colours are used.
The first black belts to denote a Dan rank in the 1880s, initially the wide obi was used; as practitioners trained in kimono, only white and black obi were used.
It was not until the early 1900s, after the introduction of the judogi, that an expanded colored belt system of awarding rank was created.
Highest ranking jūdōka.Kōdōkan graded jū-dans.
The ninth ("kudan") and tenth degree black belt ("jūdan") and, theoretically, those higher have no formal requirements.
Only fifteen individuals have been promoted to the rank of Kodokan 10th dan.
On January 6, 2006, three individuals were promoted to this rank simultaneously: Toshiro Daigo, Ichiro Abe, and Yoshimi Osawa.
This is the most ever at the same time, and the first in 22 years.
No one has ever been promoted to a rank higher than 10th "dan", but theoretically the Judo rank system is not limited to 10 degrees of black belt.
The original English language copy (1955) of Illustrated Kodokan Judo, by Jigoro Kano, says:However, since there has never been any promotion to a rank above 10th dan, the Kodokan Judo promotion system effectively has only 10 dan ranks.
There have only been 15 10th dans awarded by the Kodokan in the history of Judo. 
Yamashita Yoshitsugu (山下 義韶, 16 February 1865 – 26 October 1935, also known as Yamashita Yoshiaki), was the first person to have been awarded 10th degree red belt ("jūdan") rank in Kodokan judo.
He was also a pioneer of judo in the United States. 
Takahashi's wife and four children are also accomplished judoka who have made significant contributions to the development of Judo in Canada.
His wife, June Takahashi, was one of the first women in Canada to earn a black belt in Judo, and is now ranked "roku-dan" (sixth-degree black belt), making her one of the highest-ranked women in the country.
She coached Cameroonian judoka Françoise Nguele, who competed in the 2000 Olympic Games, and her approach to Judo is heavily influenced by the highest-ranked female judoka in history, Keiko Fukuda.
Masao and June's children Allyn Takahashi, Phil Takahashi, Ray Takahashi, and Tina Takahashi, are all black belts who have been highly successful in competition, and three of them have participated in the Olympics: Phil as a competitor and Tina as a coach in Judo, and Ray as a competitor in wrestling. 
Using their knowledge of ne-waza/ground grappling and tachi-waza/standing-grappling, several Judo practitioners have also competed in mixed martial arts matches.
Anderson Silva, who is the top ranked fighter in the world maintains a black belt in judo, former Russian national Judo championship Bronze medallist Fedor Emelianenko, famous UFC fighter Karo Parisyan, Jim Wallhead, Rick Hawn, Rameau Thierry Sokoudjou, Olympic medallists Hidehiko Yoshida (Gold, 1992), rising contender Dong Hyun Kim is a 4th degree judo black belt, and Ronda Rousey (Bronze, 2008) now Strikeforce and The Ultimate Fighting Championship Women's Bantamweight Champion.
Paulo Filho, a former WEC middleweight champion has credited judo for his success during an interview.