Question: Which land did Liu Bei occupy that Cao Cao had recently lost?
About the article "Battle of Red Cliffs", section "Aftermath".

Candidate passages:
Around that time, Liu Bei had recently been defeated by Cao Cao at the Battle of Changban, and he planned to lead his followers south across the Yangtze River.
Liu Bei met Lu Su at Dangyang, where they discussed the formation of an alliance between Liu and Sun Quan.
Liu Bei then moved to Xiakou (夏口; present-day Hankou, Wuhan, Hubei) and garrisoned there, while sending Zhuge Liang to follow Lu Su to meet Sun Quan and affirm the Liu-Sun alliance.
Sun Quan then ordered Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu to lead his forces to join Liu Bei in resisting Cao Cao, and they rendezvoused at Red Cliffs (赤壁).
A plague had broken out in Cao Cao's army, so Cao lost to the allies in an early skirmish between both sides.
Cao Cao then moved his camp to the northern bank of the Yangtze River while the allies remained at the south.
Zhou Yu's subordinate Huang Gai told him, "The enemy are superior in numbers in comparison with our side.
I fear that we cannot last long.
However, I observe that Cao Cao's ships are linked to each other.
We can destroy them by fire."
Huang Gai then prepared about ten "mengchong"s and "doujian"s (鬬艦; a type of warship) and filled them with the ingredients necessary for starting a fire.
He then wrote a letter to Cao Cao, pretending that he wanted to surrender and defect to the latter's side.
Huang Gai then prepared some "zouge"s (走舸; a smaller type of boat), which would follow behind the "mengchong"s and "doujian"s, and his small fleet sailed towards Cao Cao's base.
The wind was blowing strongly from the southeast.
When Huang Gai's fleet reached the middle of the river, the ships all raised their sails, and Huang Gai lifted a torch and instructed his men to shout "We surrender!"
Cao Cao's troops came out of the camp to look and they said Huang Gai was coming to join them.
When Huang Gai was about 20 "li" away from the enemy base, he ordered his men to set the ships on fire and they boarded the smaller boats behind.
As the wind was very strong, the flaming ships sailed towards Cao Cao's warships at fast speed and caused them to catch fire as well.
Cao Cao's ships were all burnt down and the flames also spread quickly to his camps on land.
Zhou Yu then ordered an attack on Cao Cao's base and scored a major victory.
Cao Cao retreated north with his surviving troops after his defeat.
Zhou Yu and Liu Bei led their respective forces in pursuit of Cao Cao, but Cao had already fled. 
After Liu Biao's death, a succession struggle for his domain came into being, between his sons Liu Qi and younger son Liu Cong, whom Liu Biao's second wife Lady Cai favored (because he had married her niece).
After Huang Zu's death, Liu Qi was therefore given Huang's post as the governor of Jiangxia Commandery (in present-day Huanggang, Hubei).
Liu Cong therefore succeeded Liu Biao after his death, and Liu Qi was displeased and considered, but did not carry out, an attack against his brother.
Nevertheless, Liu Cong, in fear of having to fight Cao Cao and his brother on two fronts, surrendered to Cao Cao against the advice of Liu Biao's key ally Liu Bei.
Liu Bei, unwilling to submit to Cao Cao, fled south.
Cao caught up to him and crushed his forces, but Liu Bei escaped with his life; he fled to Dangyang (當陽, in present-day Yichang, Hubei).
Cao Cao took over most of Jing Province, and appeared set on finally unifying the empire.
Sun Quan was well aware of Cao Cao's intentions, and he quickly entered into an alliance with Liu Bei and Liu Qi to prepare for an attack by Cao.
Cao Cao wrote Sun Quan with a letter intending to intimidate, and in face of Cao's overwhelming force (estimated to be about 220,000 men, although Cao claimed 800,000, against Sun's 30,000 and the Lius' combined force of 10,000), many of Sun's subordinates, including Zhang Zhao, advocated surrender.
Sun Quan refused, under advice from Zhou Yu and Lu Su (that Cao Cao would surely not tolerate him even if he surrendered).
Sun Quan put Zhou Yu in charge of his 30,000 men, largely stationed on naval ships, and Zhou set up in a defense position in conjunction with Liu Bei, whose army was stationed on land.
About this time, there was a plague developing in Cao Cao's forces which significantly weakened it.
Zhou Yu set up a trap where he pretended to be punishing his subordinate Huang Gai, and Huang pretended to surrender to Cao Cao in fear.
Zhou Yu then sent ships under Huang Gai's command to pretend to surrender and, as Huang's ships approached Cao Cao's fleet, they were set aflame to assault Cao's fleet, and Cao's fleet was largely destroyed by fire.
Cao Cao led his forces to escape on land, but much of the force was destroyed by Sun Quan and Liu Bei's land forces. 
Cao Cao's southern campaign.
Developments in southern China.
In the years after his reunification of northern China, Cao Cao did not conduct any major campaigns while awaiting an opportunity to act against the remaining three most prominent warlords: Sun Quan, who had succeeded his older brother Sun Ce after the latter was assassinated in 200; Liu Biao; Liu Zhang.
During that time, Sun Quan was also developing his the territories in Jiangdong, which he inherited from Sun Ce, and strengthening his military forces.
In 208, Sun Quan defeated and killed Liu Biao's vassal Huang Zu at the Battle of Xiakou, seizing most of Huang's territory at Jiangxia (江夏; present-day Yunmeng County, Hubei).
While Cao Cao was attacking the Yuan clan in northern China, Liu Bei fled south to join Liu Biao and became a vassal under the latter.
In 208, Cao Cao launched a southern campaign to conquer Liu Biao's Jing Province.
Liu Biao was ill and dying, when a succession struggle broke out between his sons Liu Qi and Liu Cong.
After Huang Zu's defeat, Liu Qi was appointed by Liu Biao as Administrator of Jiangxia, which was previously governed by Huang.
Liu Cong, who was favoured by Liu Biao's second wife Lady Cai (because he married her niece), remained in Jing Province's capital, Xiangyang.
Liu Cong became the new Governor of Jing Province after his father's death.
Fearing that he might be caught in a war on two fronts (Cao Cao in the north and Liu Qi in the southeast), Liu Cong surrendered to Cao Cao, and most of Jing Province came under Cao Cao's control.
Liu Bei was unwilling to submit to Cao Cao and fled south.
Along the way, one of Cao Cao's light cavalry units caught up with Liu Bei's retreating forces (which included civilians) and defeated them at the Battle of Changban.
Liu Bei escaped with his life and fled to Dangyang (當陽; in present-day Yichang, Hubei).
In Jiangdong, Sun Quan felt threatened by Cao Cao's approaching army and sent Lu Su to discuss forming an alliance with Liu Bei and Liu Qi against Cao Cao.
Cao Cao wrote Sun Quan a letter, intended to intimidate the latter into submitting.
Cao Cao's army was estimated to be 220,000 men strong, although Cao himself claimed that he had 800,000 troops.
Sun Quan had 30,000 men at most while Liu Bei and Liu Qi's combined forces totaled about 10,000.
In view of Cao Cao's overwhelming forces, many of Sun Quan's followers, including Zhang Zhao, strongly advocated surrender.
However, Sun Quan refused as he agreed with Zhou Yu and Lu Su's view that Cao Cao might not let him off even if he submitted.
By late 208, with help from Zhou Yu and Lu Su (and Zhuge Liang, who represented Liu Bei in the diplomatic exchange), an alliance was formed between Sun Quan and Liu Bei against Cao Cao. 
According to the "Wei Shu", Guo Jia advised Cao Cao on how to handle Liu Bei when Liu Bei came to join Cao Cao in 196, after Lü Bu seized control of Xu Province from Liu's general Zhang Fei.
On Cao Cao's suggestion, Emperor Xian appointed Liu Bei as the Governor (牧) of Yu Province (豫州).
Someone told Cao Cao, "Liu Bei has the ambition of a hero.
If you don't eliminate him now, he'll become a threat to you in the future."
Cao Cao asked Guo Jia for his opinion, to which Guo replied, "That's true.
However, when you raised an army in the name of righteousness and pledged to help the common people eliminate tyrants, you attracted talented and capable people to serve under you based on your sincerity and integrity.
Liu Bei is known to be a hero, so if you kill him when he comes to serve you, you will be viewed as someone who harms men of virtue.
Other talented persons will start to doubt you and may even change their minds about serving you.
If that happens, who will help you achieve your goals?
Therefore, it's imperative that you carefully consider the consequences of ruining your good reputation for the sake of eliminating one man who poses a threat to you."
Cao Cao laughed and said, "I understand.
"However, the "Fu Zi" gave a completely different account of Guo's advice to Cao Cao on how to handle Liu Bei.
Guo Jia told Cao Cao, "Liu Bei has great ambitions and has won the hearts of many people.
Zhang Fei and Guan Yu are formidable fighters and they have pledged to serve him with their lives.
From what I observe, Liu Bei will never truly submit to anyone, and his intentions are unclear.
The people in the past once said, 'If you let the enemy off today, they will become a threat to you for a long time.'
You should settle (Liu Bei) soon."
At the time, Cao Cao was using Emperor Xian as a figurehead to command respect and had attracted many heroes to serve under him so he did not heed Guo Jia's advice.
When Cao Cao later sent Liu Bei with an army to attack Yuan Shu, Guo Jia and Cheng Yu warned Cao, "Liu Bei will rebel if you let him go!"
By then, Liu Bei had already left and he really did rebel against Cao Cao as he later seized control of Xu Province from Che Zhou, the provincial governor appointed by Cao Cao.
Cao Cao regretted not following Guo Jia's advice.
Pei Songzhi noted that the "Wei Shu" account is exactly the opposite of the "Fu Zi" account, but did not give his opinion on which he regarded to be the genuine one. 
By 199, Cao Cao had Emperor Xian in his control and enjoyed a political advantage.
Liu Bei joined a conspiracy headed by Dong Cheng, an imperial relative, and some others to remove Cao Cao from power.
Moreover, he was anxious to leave Cao Cao's stronghold, Xuchang.
Hence, on hearing that Yuan Shu had surrendered to, and was on his way, via Xiapi, to join Yuan Shao in the north, Liu Bei asked to lead an army to intercept Yuan Shu.
Before his advisers were able to change his mind, Cao Cao consented, commissioned Liu Bei and Zhu Ling with an army to move south.
Having his path blocked, Yuan Shu turned back to Shouchun and died there later.
Zhu Ling returned to Xuchang, but Liu stayed behind with the army.
Liu Bei seized the opportunity to kill Che Zhou, the Governor of Xu Province who was appointed by the imperial court after Lü Bu's defeat.
Liu Bei took over Xu Province and left Guan Yu behind to guard Xiapi while he stationed himself in Xiaopei.
Yuan Shao, who earlier recognised Liu Bei's control on Xu Province, had defeated Gongsun Zan, and started moving against Cao Cao on the northern bank of the Yellow River.
Knowing that he still had a plenty of spies and cohort inside the imperial capital, Liu Bei sent his messenger, Sun Qian, to Yuan Shao to request an immediate attack be launched against Cao Cao.
However, Yuan Shao turned down Liu Bei's plea, even though his own strategists advised him to do Liu a favour.
In 200, Dong Cheng's plot was discovered.
All conspirators and their families were summarily executed.
However, Liu Bei, as well as a few others who were outside Cao Cao's domain, survived the purge.
With his domestic situation settled, Cao Cao turned his attention to his last great rival in the north, Yuan Shao.
Cao fortified many of the key crossing points on the Yellow River which divided his territory from Yuan's; he personally made camp at Guandu with his main army.
To eliminate Yuan Shao's last southern ally, Cao sent his subordinates, Liu Dai and Wang Zhong against Liu Bei, but they were defeated.
Predicting that Yuan Shao would be hesitant to go on the offensive, Cao Cao led his army away from Guandu to personally overrun Liu Bei's position.
He overcame Liu Bei in an extremely short period of time, leaving Yuan Shao no chance to aid Liu on second thought.
Yuan Shao's attempt to reinforce Liu was repulsed by Yu Jin, whom Cao Cao had left in command of his troops at Yan Ford.
Liu Bei's force disintegrated under the weight of Cao Cao's assault, but his trusted aides all survived the war.
Zhang Fei protected Liu Bei when the latter fled from the battlefield, while Guan Yu surrendered to Cao Cao on terms that he could return to Liu Bei's service if the latter was alive.
Liu Bei fled north to join Yuan Shao, where he was received with respect by Yuan Shao and his son Yuan Tan.
Liu Bei participated in the unsuccessful battles along the Yellow River, in which Yuan Shao successively lost two of his best generals Yan Liang and Wen Chou, with the former being slain by Guan Yu.
As Liu Pi in Runan rebelled against Cao Cao, Liu Bei persuaded Yuan Shao to "lend" him an army to help Liu Pi.
Liu Bei and Liu Pi attacked Xuchang but were defeated by Cao Ren.
Liu Bei returned to the north and urged Yuan Shao to ally with Liu Biao, governor of Jing Province (present-day Hubei and Hunan).
Yuan Shao again sent him with an army to Runan to aid the bandit leader, Gong Du.
They were able to kill Cao Cao's general Cai Yang there.