community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: The Square (2013 film)
Section: Release

Question: When did "The Square" premiere?

"The Square" premiered on January 18, 2013 at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Audience Award for World Cinema in the documentary category.
Due to the ongoing nature of the Egyptian Revolution, Noujaim updated the ending of the film over the summer of 2013.
The film was subsequently also named winner of the People's Choice Award in the documentary category at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.
The production is done in the native languages of its cast, and is presented with English subtitles.
The film was released on Netflix and in exclusive locations across the United States on January 17, 2014, giving Netflix its first Oscar nomination.
The final version was modified to take political developments into the final version, as released on Netflix.
Article: Toy Story 3
Section: Marketing

Question: When did Toy Story come out on Blu-Ray and DVD?

The film's first teaser trailer was released with "Up" in Disney Digital 3-D, on May 29, 2009.
On October 2, 2009, "Toy Story" and "Toy Story 2" were re-released as a double feature in Disney Digital 3-D.
The first full-length trailer was attached as an exclusive sneak peek and a first footage to the "Toy Story" double feature, on October 12, 2009.
A second teaser was released on February 10, 2010, followed by a second full-length trailer on February 11, and appeared in 3D showings of "Alice in Wonderland" and "How to Train Your Dragon".
On March 23, 2010, "Toy Story" was released on Blu-ray/DVD combo pack, which included a small feature of "The Story of "Toy Story 3"".
In addition, "Toy Story 2" was released on the same day in the same format, which had a small feature on the "Characters of "Toy Story 3"".
Mattel, Thinkway Toys, and Lego are among companies who produced toys to promote the film.
Fisher Price, a Mattel Company, has released "Toy Story 3" with twenty-one 3D images for viewing with the View-Master viewer.
Disney Interactive Studios also produced a video game based on the film, "", which was released for Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360, Wii, PlayStation 3, Nintendo DS, and PSP on June 15, 2010.
A PlayStation 2 version was released on October 30, 2010, as part of a PS2 bundle and separately on November 2, 2010 (the same day "Toy Story 3" was released on DVD and Blu-ray).
It was also the last Disney/Pixar game to be released on PlayStation 2.
"Toy Story 3" was featured in Apple's iPhone OS 4 Event on April 8, 2010, with Steve Jobs demonstrating a "Toy Story 3" themed iAd written in HTML5.
Pixar designed a commercial for the toy, Lots-O'-Huggin' Bear, and formatted it to appear as if it came from an old VCR recording.
The recording was altered with distorted sound, noise along the bottom of the screen, and flickering video, all designed to make it look like a converted recording from around 1983.
A Japanese version of the commercial was also released online, with the name "Lots-O'-Huggin Bear" replaced with "Little Hug-Hug Bear" (Japanese:ハグハグベアちゃん/"Hagu Hagu Beya-Chan").
On "Dancing with the Stars" May 11, 2010, episode, the Gipsy Kings performed a Spanish-language version of the song "You've Got a Friend in Me," which featured a paso doble dance choreographed by Cheryl Burke and Tony Dovolani.
Both the song and dance are featured in the film.
"Toy Story 3" was promoted with airings of the first and second film on several channels in the weeks preceding the film's release, including Disney Channel, Disney XD, and ABC Family.
Sneak peeks of "Toy Story 3" were also revealed, primarily on Disney Channel.
Article: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
Section: Eve of the attacks

Question: How was the Black Hand Provincial Director contacted?

Ilić began handing out the weapons on 27 June.
Until 27 June Ilić had kept the identities of the assassins from Belgrade secret from those he had recruited locally and vice-versa.
Then, that night, as Mehmedbašić told Albertini: "On the eve of the outrage Ilić introduced me to Princip in a Sarajevo café with the words 'Mehmedbašić who to-morrow is to be with us.'"
The three sent a postcard to Black Hand Provincial Director for Bosnia-Herzegovina Vladimir Gaćinović in France.
The following morning, on 28 June 1914, Ilić positioned the six assassins along the motorcade route.
Ilić walked the street, exhorting the assassins to bravery.
Article: Love the Way You Lie
Section: Synopsis

Question: Who raps in an open field?

Rihanna sings the chorus in front of a burning house, while an interspersing scene shows fire on a woman's (Fox) palms.
In another scene, the woman is asleep with her lover (Monaghan) and wakes up.
Eminem begins to rap in an open field.
The woman attacks her lover after seeing the name "Cindy" and a phone number written on his hand.
He unsuccessfully tries to kiss the woman and brings her back after she attempts to leave him.
The man then pushes her onto the wall and aims his fist at her, puncturing the wall instead.
After Rihanna sings again, the video flashes back to when the couple first meet "at a seedy dive bar next door" to a liquor store.
The man steals a bottle of vodka and they kiss on the rooftop.
During the present, the man apologizes to his lover and they are reconciled.
In another flashback, he attacks someone who plays pool with his lover.
Eminem joins Rihanna in front of the burning house for the final verse.
Meanwhile, after the flashback, the woman comes home and locks herself in the bathroom to stop her abusive lover from entering.
In another scene, the fire on her palms vanish as she clasps her hands.
Flames later engulf Eminem and the couple, who are then shown fighting in front of the burning house.
In the end, the couple stay together and the video returns to their first scene, in which they sleep.
Article: Taco
Section: Soft-shell tacos

Question: How does one make a soft taco?

Traditionally, soft-shelled tacos referred to corn tortillas that were cooked to a softer state than a hard taco - usually by grilling or steaming.
More recently the term has come to include flour tortilla based tacos mostly from large manufacturers and restaurant chains.
In this context, "soft tacos" are tacos made with wheat flour tortillas and filled with the same ingredients as a hard taco.
Article: Grand Bazaar, Istanbul
Section: Architecture

Question: How many piers does the Sandal Bedesten have?

The Iç Bedesten has a rectangular plan (43.30 m x 29.50 m).
Two rows of stone piers, four in each row, sustain three rows of bays, five in each row.
Each bay is surmounted by a brick dome with blind drum.
In the inner and in the outer walls have been built 44 cellars (), vaulted rooms without external openings.
The sunlight in Bedesten comes from rectangular windows placed right under the roof: they can be accessed through a wooden ambulatory.
Due to the scarce illumination, the edifice was kept open only some hours each day, and was devoted to the trade of luxury goods, above all textiles.
Moreover, the Bedesten's Mahzen were also used as safes.
The building can be accessed through four gates: 
 “Second-hand Book Sellers’ Gate” () in the north, 
 “Skullcap Sellers’ Gate” () in the south,
 “Jewellers’ Gate” () in the east, and;
 “Women’s Clothiers’ Gate” () in the west.
The Sandal Bedesten has also a rectangular plan (40.20 m × 42.20 m), with 12 stone piers bearing 20 bays surmounted by brick domes with blind drum.
In this case shops are carved only in the outer walls.
In both edifices, each bay is tied to the others through brick arches tied by juniper beams, and masonry is made with rubble.
Both buildings were closed by Iron gates.
Aside the Bedesten, originally the Grand Bazaar structures were built with wood, and only after the 1700 fire, they were rebuilt in stone and brickwork, and covered.
All the bazaar edifices, except the fur dealers market (), a later addition which is two-story, are one story.
The roofs are mainly covered with tiles, while the part burnt in 1954 uses now tarmac.
In the bazaar no artificial light was foreseen, also to prevent fires, and smoking was strictly prohibited.
The roads outside the inner Bedesten are roughly parallel to it.
Anyway, the damages caused by the many fires and quakes along the centuries, together with the repairs done without a general plan, gave to the market - especially in its western part - a picturesque appearance, with its maze of roads and lanes crossing each other at various angles.
Article: September 11 attacks
Section: Other al-Qaeda members

Question: What number of al-Queda members were punished?

In "Substitution for Testimony of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed" from the trial of Zacarias Moussaoui, five people are identified as having been completely aware of the operation's details.
They are bin Laden, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, Ramzi bin al-Shibh, Abu Turab al-Urduni and Mohammed Atef.
To date, only peripheral figures have been tried or convicted for the attacks.
On September 26, 2005, the Spanish high court sentenced Abu Dahdah to 27 years in prison for conspiracy on the 9/11 attacks and being a member of the terrorist organization al-Qaeda.
At the same time, another 17 al-Qaeda members were sentenced to penalties of between six and eleven years.
On February 16, 2006, the Spanish Supreme Court reduced the Abu Dahdah penalty to 12 years because it considered that his participation in the conspiracy was not proven.
Also in 2006, Moussaoui, who some originally suspected might have been the assigned 20th hijacker, was convicted for the lesser role of conspiracy to commit acts of terrorism and air piracy.
He is serving a life sentence without parole.
Mounir el-Motassadeq, an associate of the Hamburg-based hijackers, is serving 15 years for his role in helping the hijackers prepare for the attacks.
The Hamburg cell in Germany included radical Islamists who eventually came to be key operatives in the 9/11 attacks.
Mohamed Atta, Marwan al-Shehhi, Ziad Jarrah, Ramzi bin al-Shibh, and Said Bahaji were all members of al-Qaeda's Hamburg cell.
Article: Juice
Section: Juice bars

Question: What do Mexican Juice bars sell?

 bars.
A juice bar is an establishment that primarily serves prepared juice beverages such as freshly squeezed or extracted fruit juices, juice blends, fruit smoothies (a thick fruit drink, often iced), or other juices such as fresh wheatgrass juice.
Sometimes other solid ingredients or nutritional supplements may be added as boosters, such as fresh bananas, eggs, nuts or nut butter, bodybuilding supplements, soy protein powder or others such as whey or hemp protein powders, wheat germ, or Spirulina (dietary supplement) or Chlorella.
Also if less juice is used with these same ingredients drinks called health shakes may be produced.
Juice bars share some of the characteristics of a coffeehouse, a soda fountain, a café, and a snack bar.
Juice bars may be stand alone businesses in cities, or located at gyms, along commuter areas, near lunch time areas, at beaches, and at tourist attractions.
In Mexico, juice bars have become more popular in recent times.
Mexican juice bars will often sell healthy beverages and snacks that are popular in Mexico.
Article: Ramen
Section: Instant ramen

Question: what company originally exported ramen noodles?

Instant ramen noodles were exported from Japan by Nissin Foods starting in 1971, bearing the name "Oodles of Noodles".
One year later, it was re-branded "Nissin Cup Noodles," packaged in a foam food container, and subsequently saw a growth in international sales.
Over time, the term "ramen" became used in North America to refer to other instant noodles, even those not technically ramen.
Article: China
Section: Cuisine

Question: What is the staple food of china?

Chinese cuisine is highly diverse, drawing on several millennia of culinary history.
The dynastic emperors of ancient China were known to have many dining chambers in their palaces, with each chamber divided into several departments, each responsible for a specific type of dish.
China's staple food is rice.
Pork is the most popular meat in China, accounting for about three-fourths of the country's total meat consumption.
Spices are central to Chinese cuisine.
Numerous foreign offshoots of Chinese food, such as Hong Kong cuisine and American Chinese food, have emerged in the various nations that play host to the Chinese diaspora.
Article: Boston Tea Party
Section: Townshend duty crisis

Question: What were colonists who objected to the new tax program called?

Controversy between Great Britain and the colonies arose in the 1760s when Parliament sought, for the first time, to impose a direct tax on the colonies for the purpose of raising revenue.
Some colonists, known in the colonies as Whigs, objected to the new tax program, arguing that it was a violation of the British Constitution.
Britons and British Americans agreed that, according to the constitution, British subjects could not be taxed without the consent of their elected representatives.
In Great Britain, this meant that taxes could only be levied by Parliament.
Colonists, however, did not elect members of Parliament, and so American Whigs argued that the colonies could not be taxed by that body.
According to Whigs, colonists could only be taxed by their own colonial assemblies.
Colonial protests resulted in the repeal of the Stamp Act in 1765, but in the 1766 Declaratory Act, Parliament continued to insist that it had the right to legislate for the colonies "in all cases whatsoever".
When new taxes were levied in the Townshend Revenue Act of 1767, Whig colonists again responded with protests and boycotts.
Merchants organized a non-importation agreement, and many colonists pledged to abstain from drinking British tea, with activists in New England promoting alternatives, such as domestic Labrador tea.
Smuggling continued apace, especially in New York and Philadelphia, where tea smuggling had always been more extensive than in Boston.
Dutied British tea continued to be imported into Boston, however, especially by Richard Clarke and the sons of Massachusetts Governor Thomas Hutchinson, until pressure from Massachusetts Whigs compelled them to abide by the non-importation agreement.
Parliament finally responded to the protests by repealing the Townshend taxes in 1770, except for the tea duty, which Prime Minister Lord North kept to assert "the right of taxing the Americans".
This partial repeal of the taxes was enough to bring an end to the non-importation movement by October 1770.
From 1771 to 1773, British tea was once again imported into the colonies in significant amounts, with merchants paying the Townshend duty of three pence per pound.
Boston was the largest colonial importer of legal tea; smugglers still dominated the market in New York and Philadelphia.
Article: Battle of Midway
Section: Background

Question: When did the preliminary planning begin?

Japan had attained its initial strategic goals quickly, taking the Philippines, Malaya, Singapore, and the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia); the latter, with its vital oil resources, was particularly important to Japan.
Because of this, preliminary planning for a second phase of operations commenced as early as January 1942.
However, there were strategic disagreements between the Imperial Army and Imperial Navy, and infighting between the Navy's GHQ and Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto's Combined Fleet, such that a follow-up strategy was not formed until April 1942.
Admiral Yamamoto finally succeeded in winning the bureaucratic struggle with a thinly veiled threat to resign, after which his plan for the Central Pacific was adopted.
Yamamoto's primary strategic goal was the elimination of America's carrier forces, which he perceived as the principal threat to the overall Pacific campaign.
This concern was acutely heightened by the Doolittle Raid on 18 April 1942, in which 16 US Army Air Forces B-25 Mitchell bombers launched from bombed targets in Tokyo and several other Japanese cities.
The raid, while militarily insignificant, was a severe psychological shock to the Japanese and showed the existence of a gap in the defenses around the Japanese home islands as well as the accessibility of Japanese territory to American bombers.
This, and other successful hit-and-run raids by American carriers in the South Pacific, showed that they were still a threat, although seemingly reluctant to be drawn into an all-out battle.
Yamamoto reasoned that another attack on the main U.S Naval base at Pearl Harbor would induce all of the American fleet to sail out to fight, including the carriers.
However, due to the strength of American land-based air power on the Hawaiian Islands, he judged that it was too risky to attack Pearl Harbor directly.
Instead, Yamamoto selected Midway, a tiny atoll at the extreme northwest end of the Hawaiian Island chain, approximately from Oahu.
Midway was not especially important in the larger scheme of Japan's intentions, but the Japanese felt the Americans would consider Midway a vital outpost of Pearl Harbor and would therefore be compelled to defend it vigorously.
The U.S. did consider Midway vital; after the battle, establishment of a U.S. submarine base on Midway allowed submarines operating from Pearl Harbor to refuel and reprovision, extending their radius of operations by .
In addition to serving as a seaplane base, Midway's airstrips also served as a forward staging point for bomber attacks on Wake Island.
Article: Watergate scandal
Section: Abstract

Question: Who decided with a unanimous vote that the president must supply the tapes?

The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal that occurred in the United States in the 1970s as a result of the June 17, 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C., and the Nixon administration's attempted cover-up of its involvement.
The term "Watergate" has come to encompass an array of clandestine and often illegal activities undertaken by members of the Nixon administration.
Those activities included "dirty tricks" such as bugging the offices of political opponents and people of whom Nixon or his officials were suspicious.
Nixon and his close aides ordered harassment of activist groups and political figures, using the FBI, CIA, and the Internal Revenue Service.
The scandal led to the discovery of multiple abuses of power by the Nixon administration, articles of impeachment, and the resignation of Republican Richard Nixon, the President of the United States, on August 9, 1974—the only resignation of a U.S. president to date.
The scandal also resulted in the indictment, trial, conviction, and incarceration of 43 people, dozens of whom were Nixon's top administration officials.
The affair began with the arrest of five men for breaking and entering into the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters at the Watergate complex on June 17, 1972.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) connected cash found on the burglars to a slush fund used by the Committee for the Re-Election of the President, the official organization of Nixon's campaign.
In July 1973, as evidence mounted against the president's staff, including testimony provided by former staff members in an investigation conducted by the Senate Watergate Committee, it was revealed that President Nixon had a tape-recording system in his offices and he had recorded many conversations.
After a protracted series of bitter court battles, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled that the president had to hand over the tapes to government investigators; he ultimately complied.
Recordings from these tapes implicated the president, revealing he had attempted to cover up the questionable goings-on that had taken place after the break-in.
Facing near-certain impeachment in the House of Representatives and equally certain conviction by the Senate, Nixon resigned the presidency on August 9, 1974.
His successor, Gerald Ford, then issued a pardon to him on September 8, 1974.
The name "Watergate" and the suffix "-gate" have since become synonymous with political scandals in the United States and in other English- and non-English-speaking nations as well.
Article: What Makes You Beautiful
Section: Music video

Question: Which member of One Direction performs the bridge solo?

The music video for "What Makes You Beautiful" was directed by John Urbano.
Filmed for two days in July 2011, it premiered on 19 August 2011.
On each of the five days preceding the video's premiere, One Direction posted a teaser trailer of the video online.
Each teaser showed footage from the video and behind the scenes, and one member of the band announcing how many days were left until the video premiere.
The video opens with One Direction spending time on a Malibu, California beach inter cut with scenes of them driving an orange campervan.
During the second verse, a group of three girls joins the band at the beach; in Styles' bridge solo, he intimately sings to one girl individually.
During the final choruses the band and girls are shown sitting around a fire, lighting sparklers and taking photographs.
On video sharing website MUZU TV, the video was the fourth most-watched music video of 2011 in the UK.
The video won two MTV Video Music Awards for Best Pop Video and Most Share-Worthy Video, and earned the group the award for Best New Artist on 6 September 2012.
As of March 2014, the music video has garnered almost 500 million Vevo views.
In 2012, a blogger at BuzzFeed noticed similarities between the video and pop punk band Blink-182's video for "All the Small Things" — the video was filmed on Santa Monica Beach and is shot from the same camera angle as in "What Makes You Beautiful", leading media outlets to joke that the band parodied One Direction eleven years prior to their formation.
Article: World War I
Section: Russian Revolution

Question: When did the Bolsheviks accept the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

Despite the success of the June 1916 Brusilov Offensive in eastern Galicia, dissatisfaction with the Russian government's conduct of the war grew.
The offensive's success was undermined by the reluctance of other generals to commit their forces to support the victory.
Allied and Russian forces were revived only temporarily by Romania's entry into the war on 27 August.
German forces came to the aid of embattled Austro-Hungarian units in Transylvania while a German-Bulgarian force attacked from the south, and Bucharest fell to the Central Powers on 6 December.
Meanwhile, unrest grew in Russia, as the Tsar remained at the front.
Empress Alexandra's increasingly incompetent rule drew protests and resulted in the murder of her favourite, Rasputin, at the end of 1916.
In March 1917, demonstrations in Petrograd culminated in the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the appointment of a weak Provisional Government, which shared power with the Petrograd Soviet socialists.
This arrangement led to confusion and chaos both at the front and at home.
The army became increasingly ineffective.
Discontent and the weaknesses of the Provisional Government led to a rise in the popularity of the Bolshevik Party, led by Vladimir Lenin, which demanded an immediate end to the war.
The successful armed uprising by the Bolsheviks of November was followed in December by an armistice and negotiations with Germany.
At first, the Bolsheviks refused the German terms, but when German troops began marching across the Ukraine unopposed, the new government acceded to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk on 3 March 1918.
The treaty ceded vast territories, including Finland, the Baltic provinces, parts of Poland and Ukraine to the Central Powers.
Despite this enormous apparent German success, the manpower required for German occupation of former Russian territory may have contributed to the failure of the Spring Offensive and secured relatively little food or other materiel.
With the adoption of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the Entente no longer existed.
The Allied powers led a small-scale invasion of Russia, partly to stop Germany from exploiting Russian resources and, to a lesser extent, to support the "Whites" (as opposed to the "Reds") in the Russian Civil War.
Allied troops landed in Arkhangelsk and in Vladivostok as part of the North Russia Intervention.