community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Salad
Section: Vegetable salad

Question: Can ingredients other than vegetables be used in salad?

Vegetables other than greens may be used in a salad.
Common raw vegetables used in a salad include cucumbers, peppers, tomatoes, onions, spring onions, red onions, carrots, celery, and radishes.
Other ingredients, such as mushrooms, avocado, olives, hard boiled egg, artichoke hearts, heart of palm, roasted red bell peppers, green beans, croutons, cheeses, meat (e.g.
bacon, chicken), or seafood (e.g.
tuna, shrimp), are sometimes added to salads.
Article: Gravitational wave
Section: Sources of gravitational waves

Question: Which direction does a dumbbell have to fall in order to radiate gravitational waves?

In general terms, gravitational waves are radiated by objects whose motion involves acceleration, provided that the motion is not perfectly spherically symmetric (like an expanding or contracting sphere) or cylindrically symmetric (like a spinning disk or sphere).
A simple example of this principle is provided by the spinning dumbbell.
If the dumbbell spins like wheels on an axle, it will not radiate gravitational waves; if it tumbles end over end like two planets orbiting each other, it will radiate gravitational waves.
The heavier the dumbbell, and the faster it tumbles, the greater is the gravitational radiation it will give off.
If we imagine an extreme case in which the two weights of the dumbbell are massive stars like neutron stars or black holes, orbiting each other quickly, then significant amounts of gravitational radiation would be given off.
Some more detailed examples:
Two objects orbiting each other in a quasi-Keplerian planar orbit (basically, as a planet would orbit the Sun) will radiate.
 A spinning non-axisymmetric planetoid — say with a large bump or dimple on the equator — will radiate.
 A supernova will radiate except in the unlikely event that the explosion is perfectly symmetric.
 An isolated non-spinning solid object moving at a constant velocity will not radiate.
This can be regarded as a consequence of the principle of conservation of linear momentum.
 A spinning disk will not radiate.
This can be regarded as a consequence of the principle of conservation of angular momentum.
However, it "will" show gravitomagnetic effects.
 A spherically pulsating spherical star (non-zero monopole moment or mass, but zero quadrupole moment) will not radiate, in agreement with Birkhoff's theorem.
More technically, the third time derivative of the quadrupole moment (or the "l"-th time derivative of the "l"-th multipole moment) of an isolated system's stress–energy tensor must be nonzero in order for it to emit gravitational radiation.
This is analogous to the changing dipole moment of charge or current necessary for electromagnetic radiation.
Article: Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy
Section: Media coverage

Question: Who else was shot besides Kennedy?

As the shooting took place, ABC News was signing off from its electoral broadcast, while the CBS broadcast was already over.
It was not until 21 minutes after the shots that CBS's coverage of the shooting would begin.
The reporters who had been present to report on Kennedy's win in the primary ended up crowding into the kitchen where he had been shot and the immediate aftermath was captured only by audio recording and cameras that had no live transmission capability.
ABC was able to show scant live footage from the kitchen after Kennedy had been transported but unlike CBS and NBC, all of ABC's coverage from the Ambassador was in black and white.
CBS and NBC shot footage in the kitchen of the shooting's aftermath on color film, which could not be broadcast until it was developed two hours after the incident.
Reporter Andrew West of KRKD, a Mutual Broadcasting System radio affiliate in Los Angeles, captured on audio tape the sounds of the immediate aftermath of the shooting but not the actual shooting itself.
Using his reel-to-reel tape recorder and attached microphone, West had just recorded the senator's victory speech.
With the audio still rolling, West asked the Senator the following question... Andrew West: "Senator, how are you going to counter Mr. Humphrey and his backgrounding you as far as the delegate votes go?
"Senator Kennedy: "It just goes back to the struggle for it.
"After this brief exchange, West turned off his tape recorder and followed Kennedy and his entourage to the kitchen pantry.
Just a few minutes later, seconds after Kennedy was shot, West turned his recorder on again and started reporting the sudden developments... Andrew West: "Senator Kennedy has been shot!
Senator Kennedy has been shot; is that possible?
Is that possible?
It's...is it possible, ladies and gentlemen?
It is possible, he has...not only Senator Kennedy, oh my God.
Senator Kennedy has been shot, and another man, a Kennedy campaign manager, and possibly shot in the head.
"Several seconds later, West gave an on-the-spot account of the struggle with Sirhan in the hotel kitchen pantry, shouting at Rafer Johnson to "Get the gun, Rafer, get the gun!"
and telling others to "get a hold of thumb and break it, if you have to!
Get his thumb!...
We don't want another Oswald!
"Over the following week, NBC devoted 55 hours to the shooting and aftermath, ABC 43, and CBS 42, with all three networks preempting their regular coverage and advertisements to cover the story.
Article: Solar System
Section: Heliopause

Question: What is the meeting point of solar and interstellard wind called?

The heliosphere is divided into two separate regions.
The solar wind travels at roughly 400 km/s until it collides with the interstellar wind; the flow of plasma in the interstellar medium.
The collision occurs at the termination shock, which is roughly 80–100 AU from the Sun upwind of the interstellar medium and roughly 200 AU from the Sun downwind.
Here the wind slows dramatically, condenses, and becomes more turbulent, forming a great oval structure known as the heliosheath.
This structure is believed to look and behave very much like a comet's tail, extending outward for a further 40 AU on the upwind side but tailing many times that distance downwind; evidence from the Cassini and Interstellar Boundary Explorer spacecraft has suggested that it is forced into a bubble shape by the constraining action of the interstellar magnetic field.
The outer boundary of the heliosphere, the heliopause, is the point at which the solar wind finally terminates and is the beginning of interstellar space.
Both "Voyager 1" and "Voyager 2" are reported to have passed the termination shock and entered the heliosheath, at 94 and 84 AU from the Sun, respectively.
"Voyager 1" is also reported to have reached the heliopause.
The shape and form of the outer edge of the heliosphere is likely affected by the fluid dynamics of interactions with the interstellar medium as well as solar magnetic fields prevailing to the south, e.g.
it is bluntly shaped with the northern hemisphere extending 9 AU farther than the southern hemisphere.
Beyond the heliopause, at around 230 AU, lies the bow shock, a plasma "wake" left by the Sun as it travels through the Milky Way.
Due to a lack of data, the conditions in local interstellar space are not known for certain.
It is expected that NASA's Voyager spacecraft, as they pass the heliopause, will transmit valuable data on radiation levels and solar wind back to Earth.
How well the heliosphere shields the Solar System from cosmic rays is poorly understood.
A NASA-funded team has developed a concept of a "Vision Mission" dedicated to sending a probe to the heliosphere.
Article: Call Me Maybe
Section: Track listings

Question: What other songs are included on the Call Me Maybe Digital EP?

Digital download
 "Call Me Maybe"  – 3:13
Digital EP
 "Call Me Maybe"  – 3:13
 "Both Sides Now"  – 3:53
 "Talk to Me"  – 2:50
 "Call Me Maybe" (Instrumental)  – 3:13
CD single
 "Call Me Maybe"  – 3:13
 "Both Sides Now"  – 3:53
Remix EP
 "Call Me Maybe" (Manhattan Clique Remix)  – 5:56
 "Call Me Maybe" (Almighty Club Mix)  – 6:58
 "Call Me Maybe" (10 Kings.VS.
Ollie Green Remix)  – 3:08
 "Call Me Maybe" (Coyote Kisses Remix)  – 4:46
Article: Toy Story
Section: Abstract

Question: What year was Toy Story released?

Toy Story is a 1995 American computer-animated buddy-comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and directed by John Lasseter, released by Walt Disney Pictures, "Toy Story" was the first feature-length computer-animated film and the first film produced by Pixar.
"Toy Story" follows a group of anthropomorphic toys who pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present, and focuses on the relationship between Woody, a pullstring cowboy doll (Tom Hanks), and Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure (Tim Allen).
The film was written by John Lasseter, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen, Alec Sokolow, and Joss Whedon, and featured music by Randy Newman.
Its executive producers were Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull.
Pixar, which produced short animated films to promote their computers, was approached by Disney to produce a computer-animated feature after the success of the short "Tin Toy" (1988), which is told from a small toy's perspective.
Lasseter, Stanton, and Pete Docter wrote early story treatments which were thrown out by Disney, who pushed for a more edgy film.
After disastrous story reels, production was halted and the script was re-written, better reflecting the tone and theme Pixar desired: that "toys deeply want children to play with them, and that this desire drives their hopes, fears, and actions."
The studio, then consisting of a relatively small number of employees, produced the film under minor financial constraints.
The top-grossing film on its opening weekend, "Toy Story" went on to earn over $361 million worldwide.
Reviews were entirely positive, praising both the animation's technical innovation and the screenplay's wit and sophistication, and it is now widely considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made.
In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases, "Toy Story"-inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin-offs, merchandise, and two sequels—"Toy Story 2" (1999) and "Toy Story 3" (2010)—both of which received massive commercial success and critical acclaim.
"Toy Story" was inducted into the National Film Registry as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" in 2005, its first year of eligibility.
Article: I Won't Give Up
Section: Music video

Question: The video 'I Won't Give Up' was released in which year?

On January 2, 2012, a lyric video was released.
Mark Blankenship from NPR found "I Won't Give Up" the best lyric video because "the lyrics are integrated into a story about a man who writes his girlfriend until they can finally reunite."
He added he preferred this video to the official one.
The official music video was directed by Mark Pellington and released on February 17, 2012.
Mraz explained "The story of the video is that we all have our stories.
We all have our own version of suffering….and everybody has many things to not give up on.
"Jason Lipshutz from "Billboard" found some similarities to Terrence Malick's film "The Tree of Life", "with its lingering shots of wholesome Americana, sun-stroked imagery, non-linear structure and contrast between out-of-focus landscape shots and striking close-ups."
The video was also compared to Bruce Springsteen's "We Take Care of Our Own" music video, "with its gritty portraits of beleaguered U.S. citizens of every race and creed."
Andrew Unterberger from PopDust described the video as "a stately, if somewhat boring, assemblage of nature shots mixed with pictures of people young and old looking semi-contemplative."
Article: High Renaissance
Section: Overview

Question: Who were the most well-known painters during the High Renaissance period?

Since the late eighteenth century, the High Renaissance has been taken to refer to a short (c. 30-year) period of exceptional artistic production in the Italian states, principally Rome, capital of the Papal States, under Pope Julius II.
Assertions about where and when the period begins and ends vary, but in general the best-known exponents of painting of the High Renaissance, include Leonardo da Vinci, early Michelangelo and Raphael.
Extending the general rubric of Renaissance culture, the visual arts of the High Renaissance were marked by a renewed emphasis upon the classical tradition, the expansion of networks of patronage, and a gradual attenuation of figural forms into the style later termed Mannerism.
The paintings in the Vatican by Michelangelo and Raphael are said by some scholars such as Stephen Freedberg to represent the culmination of High Renaissance style in painting, because of the ambitious scale of these works, coupled with the complexity of their composition, closely observed human figures, and pointed iconographic and decorative references to classical antiquity, can be viewed as emblematic of the High Renaissance.
In more recent years, art historians have characterised the High Renaissance as a movement as opposed to a period, one amongst several different experimental attitudes towards art in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth century.
This movement is variously characterised as conservative; as reflecting new attitudes towards beauty; a deliberate process of synthesising eclectic models, linked to fashions in literary culture; and reflecting new preoccupations with interpretation and meaning .
Article: The Terminator
Section: Reception

Question: How was the second half of the album rated?

Online music database AllMusic praised the score of the film, referring to it as "underrated highlight" of "The Terminator" and referred to it as a "marvelous synthesizer score".
The review stated that the second half of the album featuring the pop songs was "generic".
The review praised the "Definitive Edition" version of the album which featured the entire film score, opining that it "comprises some of the best science fiction-oriented film music of recent decades."
Article: Fruitvale Station
Section: Plot

Question: What happens when police pull oscar and his friends off the train?

The film tells the story of Oscar Grant III, a 22-year-old from Hayward, California and his experiences on the last day of his life, before he was fatally shot by BART Police in the early morning hours of New Year's Day 2009.
The story begins with Oscar and his girlfriend Sophina dropping off their daughter Tatiana at day care.
Oscar stops by his old job at the deli counter of a grocery store from which he had been fired two weeks prior.
He discards his stash of marijuana in an effort to get on a good path, and then attends his mother's birthday party.
She encourages him to take BART to the festivities in San Francisco, which Oscar and his friends do.
The train to the festivities is stalled temporarily, but Oscar and his friends turn the train into a party scene.
On the return train, a customer from the grocery store recognizes Oscar and calls out his name, which leads him to be identified by a former fellow inmate, leading to a scuffle.
The police pull Oscar and his friends off the train, and one of the officers shoots Oscar in the back while Oscar is being held down.
Oscar's friends are released and they convene with Oscar's mother and girlfriend at the hospital, where they are told that he has died.
Sophina picks up Tatiana from Sophina's sister's house where she spent the night, and the movie ends as Tatiana asks where her father is.
Article: Austria
Section: Middle Ages

Question: Who was the succesor of Emperor Sigismund?

In the 14th and 15th centuries, the Habsburgs began to accumulate other provinces in the vicinity of the Duchy of Austria.
In 1438 Duke Albert V of Austria was chosen as the successor to his father-in-law, Emperor Sigismund.
Although Albert himself only reigned for a year, henceforth every emperor of the Holy Roman Empire was a Habsburg, with only one exception.
The Habsburgs began also to accumulate lands far from the hereditary lands.
In 1477 Archduke Maximilian, only son of Emperor Frederick III, married the heiress Maria of Burgundy, thus acquiring most of the Netherlands for the family.
His son Philip the Fair married Joanna the Mad, the heiress of Castile and Aragon, and thus acquired Spain and its Italian, African and New World appendages for the Habsburgs.
In 1526 following the Battle of Mohács, Bohemia and the part of Hungary not occupied by the Ottomans came under Austrian rule.
Ottoman expansion into Hungary led to frequent conflicts between the two empires, particularly evident in the so-called Long War of 1593 to 1606.
The Turks made incursions into Styria nearly twenty times; burning, pillaging, and taking thousands ofslaves.
Article: Universal Orlando
Section: Universal's Super Star Shuttle

Question: What goes through Mears?

The vicinity of Universal Orlando consists of several hotels and a major airport all located within 20 minutes of the resort.
Universal's Super Star Shuttle service is broken into two main routes.
One provides transportation to all thirty Universal Partner hotels while the newest route will begin service to Orlando International Airport in late 2012.
Universal's Super Star Shuttle also provides transportation between Universal Orlando, SeaWorld, and Wet 'n Wild.
The service is free for Universal Parks & Resorts Vacations Guests and onsite hotel guests.
The new airport route is expected to initially only be offered for onsite hotel guests.
The Super Star Shuttle is run through Mears Transportation.
Article: Belgium
Section: Religion

Question: What is the population of the Jewish Community of Antwerp?

Since the country's independence, Roman Catholicism, counterbalanced by strong freethought movements, has had an important role in Belgium's politics.
However Belgium is largely a secular country as the "laicist" constitution provides for freedom of religion, and the government generally respects this right in practice.
During the reigns of Albert I and Baudouin, the monarchy had a reputation of deeply rooted Catholicism.
Roman Catholicism has traditionally been Belgium's majority religion; being especially strong in Flanders.
However, by 2009 Sunday church attendance was 5% for Belgium in total; 3% in Brussels, and 5.4% in Flanders.
Church attendance in 2009 in Belgium was roughly half of the Sunday church attendance in 1998 (11% for the total of Belgium in 1998).
Despite the drop in church attendance, Catholic identity nevertheless remains an important part of Belgium's culture.
Symbolically and materially, the Roman Catholic Church remains in a favourable position.
Belgium has three officially recognized religions: Christianity (Catholic, Protestantism, Orthodoxy and Anglicanism), Islam and Judaism.
In the early 2000s there were approximately 42,000 Jews in Belgium.
The Jewish Community of Antwerp (numbering some 18,000) is one of the largest in Europe, and one of the last places in the world where Yiddish is the primary language of a large Jewish community (mirroring certain Orthodox and Hassidic communities in New York and Israel).
In addition most Jewish children in Antwerp receive a Jewish education.
There are several Jewish newspapers and more than 45 active synagogues (30 of which are in Antwerp) in the country.
A 2006 inquiry in Flanders, considered to be a more religious region than Wallonia, showed that 55% considered themselves religious and that 36% believed that God created the universe.
On the other hand, Wallonia has become one of Europe's most secular/least religious regions.
Most of the French-speaking region's population does not consider religion an important part of their lives, and as much as 45% of the population identifies as irreligious.
This is particularly the case in eastern Wallonia and areas along the French border.
A 2008 estimate found that 6% of the Belgian population, about 628,751, is Muslim (98% Sunni), while a 2011 estimate claims 1,000,000 inhabitants of Muslim background in the country.
Muslims constitute 30–35% of the population of Brussels, 4.0% of Wallonia and 3.9% of Flanders.
The majority of Belgian Muslims live in the major cities, such as Antwerp, Brussels and Charleroi.
The largest group of immigrants in Belgium are Moroccans, with 400,000 people.
The Turks are the third largest group, and the second largest Muslim ethnic group, numbering 220,000.
According to the Eurobarometer Poll in 2010, 37% of Belgian citizens responded that "they believe there is a God", whereas 31% answered that "they believe there is some sort of spirit or life force" and 27% that "they do not believe there is any sort of spirit, God, or life force".
Article: Judo
Section: Organizations

Question: What organization is in charge of organizing international competitions and hosting the World Judo Championships?

The international governing body for judo is the International Judo Federation (IJF), founded in 1951.
Members of the IJF include the African Judo Union (AJU), the Pan-American Judo Confederation (PJC), the Judo Union of Asia (JUA), the European Judo Union (EJU) and the Oceania Judo Union (OJU), each comprising a number of national judo associations.
The IJF is responsible for organising international competition and hosts the World Judo Championships and is involved in running the Olympic Judo events.
Article: NASA
Section: Space Shuttle program (1972–2011)

Question: How long was the Space Shuttle program active?

Space Shuttle program (1972–2011).
The Space Shuttle became the major focus of NASA in the late 1970s and the 1980s.
Planned as a frequently launchable and mostly reusable vehicle, four space shuttle orbiters were built by 1985.
The first to launch, "Columbia", did so on April 12, 1981, the 20th anniversary of the first space flight by Yuri Gagarin.
Its major components were a spaceplane orbiter with an external fuel tank and two solid fuel launch rockets at its side.
The external tank, which was bigger than the spacecraft itself, was the only component that was not reused.
The shuttle could orbit in altitudes of 185–643 km (115–400 miles) and carry a maximum payload (to low orbit) of 24,400 kg (54,000 lb).
Missions could last from 5 to 17 days and crews could be from 2 to 8 astronauts.
On 20 missions (1983–98) the Space Shuttle carried Spacelab, designed in cooperation with the ESA.
Spacelab was not designed for independent orbital flight, but remained in the Shuttle's cargo bay as the astronauts entered and left it through an airlock.
Another famous series of missions were the launch and later successful repair of the Hubble Space Telescope in 1990 and 1993, respectively.
In 1995 Russian-American interaction resumed with the Shuttle-Mir missions (1995–1998).
Once more an American vehicle docked with a Russian craft, this time a full-fledged space station.
This cooperation has continued with Russia and the United States as the two of the biggest partners in the largest space station built: the International Space Station (ISS).
The strength of their cooperation on this project was even more evident when NASA began relying on Russian launch vehicles to service the ISS during the two-year grounding of the shuttle fleet following the 2003 Space Shuttle "Columbia" disaster.
The Shuttle fleet lost two orbiters and 14 astronauts in two disasters: "Challenger" in 1986, and "Columbia" in 2003.
While the 1986 loss was mitigated by building the Space Shuttle "Endeavour" from replacement parts, NASA did not build another orbiter to replace the second loss.
NASA's Space Shuttle program had 135 missions when the program ended with the successful landing of the Space Shuttle "Atlantis" at the Kennedy Space Center on July 21, 2011.
The program spanned 30 years with over 300 astronauts sent into space.