community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Parks and Recreation
Section: Season 5

Question: Who do Leslie and Andy visit?

Ben flourishes in his new job on a congressional campaign in Washington DC, as does April who he brought along as an intern.
Leslie and Andy visit Ben and April, and Leslie begins to feel self conscious about her small town job.
Leslie begins working as a City Councillor, but finds opposition in her fellow councilmen, particularly Councilman Jamm, who becomes her arch enemy.
Andy begins training to become a cop with help from Chris.
Tom tries to find a new business idea.
Ron meets Diane, a woman who needs help fixing a pothole, and begins dating her despite being intimidated by her two young daughters.
Jennifer offers Ben a job on another campaign in Florida, much to Leslie's displeasure, but Ben turns it down and returns to Pawnee, surprising Leslie by proposing to her.
She happily says yes.
Ben's divorced parents come to their engagement party and argue the whole time.
April proposes turning Lot 48 into a dog park, which bothers Leslie, but they compromise.
Tom starts a business renting high end clothing to teenagers.
Ben wants to bring in an architect from Eagleton to help with the park, now called the Pawnee Commons, which is hard for Leslie to accept.
Ann decides she's ready to be a single mom and begins searching for sperm donors.
Leslie and Ben plan a fundraising event for the Pawnee Commons, and decide to have an impromptu wedding that night.
When Jamm ruins the ceremony, Ron punches him, and the wedding recommences in City Hall.
Andy finds out he failed the cop test.
Ann, seeing Chris console Andy in a fatherly way, decides she would like to have her baby with him.
Leslie continues pushing forward with much resistance from Jamm.
Ben gets a job with Sweetums, heading their charity foundation, and hires Andy as an assistant.
Jerry retires from the Parks Department but comes back to work a few hours per week.
A mystery person rips off Tom's business idea and offers to buy his business off of him.
Angry locals, led by Jamm, call for Leslie to be recalled from office.
Andy goes on a hunt to find out who is pregnant, and it is revealed to be Diane.
Article: Victoria Peak
Section: History

Question: Why was the Peak Tram created?

As early as 19th century, the Peak attracted prominent European residents because of its panoramic view over the city and its temperate climate compared to the sub-tropical climate in the rest of Hong Kong.
The sixth Governor of Hong Kong, Sir Richard MacDonnell had a summer residence built on the Peak circa 1868.
Those that built houses named them whimsically, such as The Eyrie, and the Austin Arms.
See First houses on the Peak.
These original residents reached their homes by sedan chairs, which were carried up and down the steep slope of Victoria Peak.
This limited development of the Peak until the opening of the Peak Tram funicular in 1888.
The boost to accessibility caused by the opening of the Peak Tram created demand for residences on the Peak.
Between 1904 and 1930, the Peak Reservation Ordinance designated the Peak as an exclusive residential area reserved for non-Chinese.
They also reserved the Peak Tram for the use of such passengers during peak periods.
The Peak remains an upmarket residential area, although residency today is based on wealth.
Article: Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas
Section: Abstract

Question: Who covered a modified version of Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas?

"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" is a song introduced by Judy Garland in the 1944 MGM musical "Meet Me in St. Louis".
Frank Sinatra later recorded a version with modified lyrics.
The song was written by Hugh Martin and Ralph Blane.
In 2007, ASCAP ranked "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" the third most performed Christmas song during the preceding five years that had been written by ASCAP members.
Article: SeaWorld
Section: SeaWorld San Diego

Question: At what time of day is the Shamu Rocks show performed at SeaWorld San Diego?

SeaWorld San Diego.
SeaWorld San Diego, the first SeaWorld park, opened on March 21, 1964.
The park features shows such as "One Ocean", the current Shamu show and "Sea Lions Live", a comedic show with sea lions and otters.
Rides include Journey to Atlantis, a splashdown ride that also has characteristics of a roller coaster.
The Summer Nights program changes some shows and adds others.
One show featuring Shamu is available during the night called "Shamu Rocks", a rock concert choreographed to the killer whales, and then the fireworks show "Into the Blue", which uses music from the newest dolphin show "Blue Horizons".
Article: As Long as You Love Me (Justin Bieber song)
Section: Abstract

Question: When did As Long As You Love Me by Justin Bieber come out?

As Long as You Love Me (Justin Bieber song)"As Long as You Love Me" is a song by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber, from his third studio album, "Believe" (2012).
The track was produced by Rodney "Darkchild" Jerkins and Andre Lindal.
It was written by Rodney Jerkins, Andre Lindal, Nasri Atweh, Sean Anderson and Justin Bieber.
It was first released on June 11, 2012 as a promotional single from the album, and one month later it was released as the album's second single.
The track features American rapper Big Sean.
The song has since charted in the United Kingdom first at number thirty as a promo single with first week sales of 11,598, and then after being released as a single it improved its position on the UK Singles Chart reaching number 22.
On "Billboard"s Rhythmic Airplay Chart, the single reached number one, giving Bieber his first number one single on an American airplay music chart.
It also reached the number one position on "Billboard"s Dance/Mix Show Airplay chart, making Bieber the fifth Canadian artist to reach that position after Martin Solveig featuring Dragonette's "Hello" in 2011.
The song has sold 2,240,000 copies in the US as December 2012.
The music video features actor Michael Madsen.
Article: Somebody That I Used to Know
Section: Accolades

Question: What was designated at the 2012 Teen Choice Awards for "Decision Rock Song?"

On 15 July 2011, the song finished third in the 2011 Vanda & Young Songwriting Competition, with the winning song, "Cameo Lover", by Kimbra.
Earlier that year, Gotye had first noticed Kimbra when both were short-listed as finalists for the competition.
At the ARIA Music Awards of 2011, "Somebody That I Used To Know" won Single of the Year, Best Pop Release, Best Video (for Natasha Pincus), Engineer of the Year (for François Tétaz) and Producer of the Year (for Gotye).
Gotye also won Best Male Artist for the song while Kimbra won Best Female Artist for her previous single, "Cameo Lover".
At the APRA Music Awards of 2012, "Somebody That I Used To Know" won Most Played Australian Work and Song of the Year and Gotye won Songwriter of the Year.
It is also nominated at the 2012 Teen Choice Awards for "Choice Rock Song" and "Choice Break-Up Song".
The song was nominated at the 55th Grammy Awards for Record of the Year and Best Pop Duo/Group Performance, winning both awards.
Article: The Creation of Adam
Section: Composition

Question: Do Adam's finger and God's finger touch?

God is depicted as an elderly white-bearded man wrapped in a swirling cloak while Adam, on the lower left, is completely nude.
God's right arm is outstretched to impart the spark of life from his own finger into that of Adam, whose left arm is extended in a pose mirroring God's, a reminder that man is created in the image and likeness of God ().
Another point is that Adam's finger and God's finger are not touching.
It gives the impression that God, the giver of life, is reaching out to Adam who receives it; they are not on "the same level" as would be two humans shaking hands, for instance.
Many hypotheses have been formulated regarding the identity and meaning of the figures around God.
The person protected by God's left arm might be Eve due to the figure's feminine appearance and gaze towards Adam, but was also suggested to be Virgin Mary, Sophia, the personified human soul, or an angel of feminine build.
"The Creation of Adam" is generally thought to depict the excerpt "God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him" ().
The inspiration for Michelangelo's treatment of the subject may come from a medieval hymn called "Veni Creator Spiritus", which asks the 'finger of the paternal right hand' ("digitus paternae dexterae") to give the faithful speech.
Article: Snowboarding
Section: Slopestyle

Question: Does landing difficult tricks ensure a victory?

Competitors perform tricks while descending a course, moving around, over, across, up, or down terrain features.
The course is full of obstacles including boxes, rails, jumps, jibs (includes anything the board or rider can slide across).
Slope-style contests consists of choosing your own line in a terrain park using a variety of boxes, jibs and jumps.
To win a slope-style contest one must pick the best and most difficult line in the terrain park and have a smooth flowing line of tricks performed on the obstacles.
Overall impression is also a huge factor in winning a slope-style contest.
The rider who lands the hardest tricks will not always win over the rider who lands easy
Article: Pathology
Section: Abstract

Question: What does "pathologization" mean?

Pathology is the precise study and diagnosis of disease.
The word "pathology" is from Ancient Greek , "pathos" which may be translated into English as either "experience" or "suffering", and , "-logia", "an account of" or "the study of".
"Pathologization", to pathologize, refers to the process of defining a condition or behavior as pathological, e.g.
pathological gambling.
Pathologies (or pathoses) is synonymous with diseases.
The prefix "path" is used to indicate a state of disease, and may be used to indicate psychological (e.g.
psychopath) or physical disease (e.g.
cardiomyopathy).
A physician practicing pathology is called a pathologist.
Pathology addresses four components of disease: cause/etiology, mechanisms of development (pathogenesis), structural alterations of cells (morphologic changes), and the consequences of changes (clinical manifestations).
Pathology is further separated into divisions, based on either the system being studied (e.g.
dermatopathology) or the focus of the examination (e.g.
forensic pathology and determining the cause of death).
Article: Cricket
Section: Fielding

Question: How many players are on the fielding side?

All eleven players on the fielding side take the field together.
One of them is the wicket-keeper "aka" "keeper" who operates behind the wicket being defended by the batsman on strike.
Wicket-keeping is normally a specialist occupation and his primary job is to gather deliveries that the batsman does not hit, so that the batsmen cannot run byes.
He wears special gloves (he is the only fielder allowed to do so), a box over the groin, and pads to cover his lower legs.
Owing to his position directly behind the striker, the wicket-keeper has a good chance of getting a batsman out caught off a fine edge from the bat.
He is the only player who can get a batsman out stumped.
Apart from the one currently bowling, the other nine fielders are tactically deployed by the team captain in chosen positions around the field.
These positions are not fixed but they are known by specific and sometimes colourful names such as "slip", "third man", "silly mid on" and "long leg".
There are always many unprotected areas.
The captain is the most important member of the fielding side as he determines all the tactics including who should bowl (and how); and he is responsible for "setting the field", though usually in consultation with the bowler.
In all forms of cricket, if a fielder gets injured or becomes ill during a match, a substitute is allowed to field instead of him.
The substitute cannot bowl, act as a captain or keep wicket.
The substitute leaves the field when the injured player is fit to return.
Article: Sinking of the RMS Titanic
Section: Inquiries

Question: When did the British inquiry end?

In the aftermath of the sinking, public inquiries were set up in Britain and the United States.
The US inquiry began on 19 April under the chairmanship of Senator William Alden Smith, while the British inquiry commenced in London under Lord Mersey on 2 May 1912.
They reached broadly similar conclusions: the regulations on the number of lifeboats that ships had to carry were out of date and inadequate; Captain Smith had failed to take proper heed of ice warnings; the lifeboats had not been properly filled or crewed; and the collision was the direct result of steaming into a danger area at too high a speed.
Captain Lord of the "Californian" was strongly criticised by both inquiries for failing to render assistance to "Titanic".
However neither inquiry found negligence by IMM or the White Star Line as a factor.
The US inquiry concluded that those involved had merely followed standard practice, and the disaster could thus only be categorised as an "act of God", and the British inquiry concluded that Smith had followed long-standing practice which had not previously been shown to be unsafe (the inquiry noted that British ships alone had carried 3.5 million passengers over the previous decade with the loss of just 10 lives) and concluded that he had done "only that which other skilled men would have done in the same position."
The British inquiry also warned that "What was a mistake in the case of the "Titanic" would without doubt be negligence in any similar case in the future.
"The disaster led to major changes in maritime regulations to implement new safety measures, such as ensuring that more lifeboats were provided, that lifeboat drills were properly carried out and that radio equipment on passenger ships was manned around the clock.
An International Ice Patrol was set up to monitor the presence of icebergs in the North Atlantic, and maritime safety regulations were harmonised internationally through the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS); both measures are still in force today.
Article: Hamburger
Section: Charlie Nagreen

Question: Why did Nagreen originally make sandwiches out of pork at the Seymour Fair?

One of the earliest claims comes from Charlie Nagreen, who in 1885 sold a meatball between two slices of bread at the Seymour Fair now called theOutagamie County Fair in some attributions.
The Seymour Community Historical Society of Seymour, Wisconsin, credits Nagreen, now known as "Hamburger Charlie", with the invention of the hamburger.
Nagreen was fifteen when he reportedly made sandwiches out of pork that he was selling at the 1885 Seymour Fair (now the Outagamie County Fair), so that customers could eat while walking.
The Historical Society explains that Nagreen named the hamburger after the Hamburg steak with which local German immigrants were familiar.
Article: The Godfather
Section: Restoration

Question: What is the day of the release of The Godfather The Coppola Restoration on DVD?

After a restoration of the first two films, "The Godfather: The Coppola Restoration" was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on September 23, 2008 from a transfer by Robert A. Harris of Film Preserve.
Coppola's first response to the new transfer, from a question-and-answer session for "The Godfather Part III": "terrific.
"The Blu-ray Disc box set (four discs) includes high-definition extra features on the restoration and film.
They are included on Disc 5 of the DVD box set (five discs).
Other extras are held over from Paramount's 2001 DVD release, although slight differences obtain between the repurposed extras on the DVD and Blu-ray Disc sets; the HD box has more content.
Paramount lists the new (HD) extra features as:
 Godfather World
 The Masterpiece That Almost Wasn't
 ... when the shooting stopped
 Emulsional Rescue Revealing The Godfather
 "The Godfather" on the Red Carpet
 Four Short Films on "The Godfather"
* The Godfather vs.
The Godfather, Part II
* Cannoli
* Riffing on the Riffing
* Clemenza
Article: Cheese
Section: Origins

Question: How was cheese making discovered?

Cheese is an ancient food whose origins predate recorded history.
There is no conclusive evidence indicating where cheesemaking originated, either in Europe, Central Asia or the Middle East, but the practice had spread within Europe prior to Roman times and, according to Pliny the Elder, had become a sophisticated enterprise by the time the Roman Empire came into being.
The earliest evidence of cheese-making in the archaeological record dates back to 5,500 BCE, in what is now Kujawy, Poland, where strainers with milk fats molecules have been found.
Earliest proposed dates for the origin of cheesemaking range from around 8000 BCE, when sheep were first domesticated.
Since animal skins and inflated internal organs have, since ancient times, provided storage vessels for a range of foodstuffs, it is probable that the process of cheese making was discovered accidentally by storing milk in a container made from the stomach of an animal, resulting in the milk being turned to curd and whey by the rennet from the stomach.
There is a legend – with variations – about the discovery of cheese by an Arab trader who used this method of storing milk.
Cheesemaking may have begun independently of this by the pressing and salting of curdled milk to preserve it.
Observation that the effect of making milk in an animal stomach gave more solid and better-textured curds may have led to the deliberate addition of rennet.
Early archeological evidence of Egyptian cheese has been found in Egyptian tomb murals, dating to about 2000 BCE.
The earliest cheeses were likely to have been quite sour and salty, similar in texture to rustic cottage cheese or feta, a crumbly, flavorful Greek cheese.
Cheese produced in Europe, where climates are cooler than the Middle East, required less salt for preservation.
With less salt and acidity, the cheese became a suitable environment for useful microbes and molds, giving aged cheeses their respective flavors.
Article: Jackson Pollock
Section: Authenticity issues

Question: Twenty four similar Jackson Pollock paintings were found where?

In 2003, twenty-four Pollock-esque paintings and drawings were found in a locker in Wainscott, New York.
An inconclusive debate continues about whether or not these works are Pollock originals.
Physicists have argued over whether fractals can be used to authenticate the paintings.
This would require an analysis of geometric consistency of the paint splatters in Pollock's work at a microscopic level, and would be measured against the finding that patterns in Pollock's paintings increased in complexity with time.
Analysis of the synthetic pigments shows that some were not patented until the 1980s, and therefore that it is highly improbable that Pollock could have used such paints.
In 2006 a documentary, "Who the *$&% Is Jackson Pollock?"
was made concerning Teri Horton, a truck driver who in 1992 bought an abstract painting for five dollars at a thrift store in California.
This work may be a lost Pollock painting but its authenticity is debated.
Article: The Square (2013 film)
Section: Release

Question: At the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival, what did this movie win?

"The Square" premiered on January 18, 2013 at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Audience Award for World Cinema in the documentary category.
Due to the ongoing nature of the Egyptian Revolution, Noujaim updated the ending of the film over the summer of 2013.
The film was subsequently also named winner of the People's Choice Award in the documentary category at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.
The production is done in the native languages of its cast, and is presented with English subtitles.
The film was released on Netflix and in exclusive locations across the United States on January 17, 2014, giving Netflix its first Oscar nomination.
The final version was modified to take political developments into the final version, as released on Netflix.
Article: Vegetable
Section: Nutrition

Question: What does a vegan refrain from eating?

Vegetables are eaten in a variety of ways, as part of main meals and as snacks.
The nutritional content of vegetables varies considerably, though generally they contain little protein or fat, and varying proportions of vitamins such as Vitamin A, Vitamin K and Vitamin B6, provitamins, dietary minerals and carbohydrates.
Vegetables contain a great variety of other phytochemicals, some of which have been claimed to have antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticarcinogenic properties.
Some vegetables also contain fiber, important for gastrointestinal function.
Vegetables contain important nutrients necessary for healthy hair and skin as well.
A person who refrains from dairy and meat products, and eats only plants (including vegetables) is known as a vegan.
However, vegetables often also contain toxins and antinutrients such as α-solanine, α-chaconine, enzyme inhibitors (of cholinesterase, protease, amylase, etc.
), cyanide and cyanide precursors, oxalic acid, and more.
Depending on the concentration, such compounds may reduce the edibility, nutritional value, and health benefits of dietary vegetables.
Cooking and/or other processing may be necessary to eliminate or reduce them.
Diets containing recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables may help lower the risk of heart diseases and type 2 diabetes.
These diets may also protect against some cancers and decrease bone loss.
The potassium provided by both fruits and vegetables may help prevent the formation of kidney stones.
Article: Nurse Jackie
Section: Development and production

Question: When was the fifth season ordered?

"Nurse Jackie" was created by Liz Brixius, Linda Wallem, and Evan Dunsky with Brixius and Wallem serving as showrunners for the series and sharing executive producer duties with Caryn Mandabach and John Melfi.
Showtime ordered an initial 12 episodes.
Before the premiere, Brixius told the New York "Daily News" that "Guys' stories tend to be about conquests – getting the job, winning the Olympics, whatever.
Women stories aren't as immediately climactic so they need to play out over the course of three months ... And every medical show out there has been about doctors.
Doctors are absolutely unable to do what they have to do without nurses.
We want to tell those stories.
"The June 8, 2009 series premiere was Showtime's most-successful ever, with 1 million viewers for the premiere and over 350,000 for the repeat broadcast.
Showtime immediately picked up the series for a second season.
Season Three premiered on Showtime on March 28, 2011.
On May 23, 2011, Showtime ordered a fourth season of Nurse Jackie.
A fifth season was ordered on May 31, 2012, and production began in late 2012.
The season 4 finale aired on June 17, 2012 Season 5 premiered on April 14, 2013.
On June 6, 2013, Showtime renewed Nurse Jackie for a sixth season to air on April 13, 2014.
On March 31, 2014, Showtime renewed Nurse Jackie for a seventh season to air in 2015.