community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Tunisia
Section: Climate

Question: What are the salt lakes normally called?

Tunisia's climate is temperate in the north, with mild rainy winters and hot, dry summers.
The south of the country is desert.
The terrain in the north is mountainous, which, moving south, gives way to a hot, dry central plain.
The south is semiarid, and merges into the Sahara.
A series of salt lakes, known as "chotts" or "shatts", lie in an east-west line at the northern edge of the Sahara, extending from the Gulf of Gabes into Algeria.
The lowest point is Shatt al Gharsah, at below sea level and the highest is Jebel ech Chambi, at .
Article: Nordic combined
Section: History

Question: how long have Norweigans been competitively skiing?

Norwegian soldiers are known to have been competing in Nordic skiing since the 19th century.
The first major competition in Nordic combined was held in 1892 in Oslo at the first Holmenkollen Ski Festival, an event still held annually.
In Norway, popularity of the Holmenkollen, and Nordic combined in general, was great.
It is still held in all Winter Olympics.
There is currently no women's competition sanctioned by the International Ski Federation.
The sport was included at the 1924 Winter Olympics, and has been on the programme ever since.
World Championships have been held since 1925.
Traditionally, Norway has always delivered top athletes in the sport, but Finland, Germany, Austria, and France are also among the top nations in the Nordic combined.
Article: Cricket
Section: Fielding

Question: What is the total amount of players on a fielding side?

All eleven players on the fielding side take the field together.
One of them is the wicket-keeper "aka" "keeper" who operates behind the wicket being defended by the batsman on strike.
Wicket-keeping is normally a specialist occupation and his primary job is to gather deliveries that the batsman does not hit, so that the batsmen cannot run byes.
He wears special gloves (he is the only fielder allowed to do so), a box over the groin, and pads to cover his lower legs.
Owing to his position directly behind the striker, the wicket-keeper has a good chance of getting a batsman out caught off a fine edge from the bat.
He is the only player who can get a batsman out stumped.
Apart from the one currently bowling, the other nine fielders are tactically deployed by the team captain in chosen positions around the field.
These positions are not fixed but they are known by specific and sometimes colourful names such as "slip", "third man", "silly mid on" and "long leg".
There are always many unprotected areas.
The captain is the most important member of the fielding side as he determines all the tactics including who should bowl (and how); and he is responsible for "setting the field", though usually in consultation with the bowler.
In all forms of cricket, if a fielder gets injured or becomes ill during a match, a substitute is allowed to field instead of him.
The substitute cannot bowl, act as a captain or keep wicket.
The substitute leaves the field when the injured player is fit to return.
Article: The Big Bang Theory
Section: Awards and nominations

Question: What year did "The Big Bang Theory" win it's first TCA award for best comedy series?

In August 2009, the sitcom won the best comedy series TCA award and Jim Parsons (Sheldon) won the award for individual achievement in comedy.
In 2010, the show won the People's Choice Award for Favorite Comedy, while Parsons won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series.
On January 16, 2011, Parsons was awarded a Golden Globe for Best Performance by an Actor in a Television Series – Comedy or Musical, an award that was presented by co-star Kaley Cuoco.
On September 18, 2011, Parsons was again awarded an Emmy for Best Actor in a Comedy Series.
On January 9, 2013, the show won People's Choice Award for Favorite Comedy for a second time.
!| Year!| Award show!| Category!| Result!| Recipient(s)
Article: Mona Lisa
Section: History

Question: Which year did da Vinci begin the Mona Lisa?

Leonardo da Vinci began painting the "Mona Lisa" in 1503 or 1504 in Florence, Italy.
Although the Louvre states that it was "doubtless painted between 1503 and 1506", the art historian Martin Kemp says there is some difficulty in confirming the actual dates with certainty.
According to Leonardo's contemporary, Giorgio Vasari, "after he had lingered over it four years, left it unfinished".
Leonardo, later in his life, is said to have regretted "never having completed a single work".
In 1516 Leonardo was invited by King François I to work at the Clos Lucé near the king's castle in Amboise.
It is believed that he took the "Mona Lisa" with him and continued to work after he moved to France.
Art historian Carmen C. Bambach has concluded that da Vinci probably continued refining the work until 1516 or 1517.
On his death the painting was inherited, among other works, by his pupil and assistant Salaì.
The king bought the painting for 4,000 "écus" and kept it at Palace of Fontainebleau, where it remained until given to Louis XIV.
Louis XIV moved the painting to the Palace of Versailles.
After the French Revolution, it was moved to the Louvre, but spent a brief period in the bedroom of Napoleon in the Tuileries Palace.
During the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) it was moved from the Louvre to the Brest Arsenal.
During World War II, the painting was again removed from the Louvre and taken safely, first to Château d'Amboise, then to the Loc-Dieu Abbey and Château de Chambord, then finally to the Ingres Museum in Montauban.
Article: Bourbon Street
Section: Attractions

Question: Cafe-Lafitte-In-Exile is the longest running gay bar in America.

Though largely quiet during the day, Bourbon Street comes alive at night, particularly during the French Quarter's many festivals.
Most popular among these is the annual Mardi Gras celebration, when Bourbon Street teems with hundreds of thousands of tourists.
Local open container laws in the French Quarter allow drinking alcoholic beverages in the street.
Popular drinks include the hurricane cocktail, resurrection cocktail and Huge Ass Beers - a large plastic cup of draft beer marketed to tourists at a low price.
The most visited section of Bourbon Street is "Upper Bourbon Street", an eight-block section of popular tourist attractions.
Among the tourist attractions are bars, restaurants,souvenir shops and strip clubs.
There are also a number of gay bars.
Most bars are located in the central section of Bourbon Street.
Popular bars include Pat O'Brien's, Johnny White's, The Famous Door, Spirits on Bourbon, Razzoo and The Cats Meow.
Marie Laveau's House of Voodoo is located on the corner of St Ann.
Arguably the most popular restaurant on Bourbon Street is Galatoire's.
However, Jean Laffite's Blacksmith Shop and The Old Absinthe House are also popular.
The upper end of Bourbon Street near Canal Street is home to many of the French Quarter's strip clubs.
These include Rick's Cabaret, Temptations, and Larry Flynt's Barely Legal Club.
The section of Bourbon Street from the intersection of St. Ann Street caters to New Orleans' thriving gay community, featuring such clubs as New Orleans' largest gay nightclub, The Bourbon Pub, and Oz.
St. Ann Street has been referred to as "the Velvet Line", in reference to it being the edge or boundary line of the gay community in the French Quarter.
Cafe-Lafitte-In-Exile is the oldest gay bar in the country.
The intersection of Bourbon Street and St. Ann Street is also the center of Southern Decadence, commonly referred to as the "Gay Mardi Gras" and attracts upwards of 100,000 participants over Labor Day weekend.
Article: Disneyland
Section: Opening day

Question: How many people were at Disneyland on opening day?

Disneyland was dedicated at an "International Press Preview" event held on Sunday, July 17, 1955, which was only open to invited guests and the media.
Although 28,000 people attended the event, only about half of those were actual invitees, the rest having purchased counterfeit tickets.
The following day, it opened to the public, featuring twenty attractions.
The Special Sunday events, including the dedication, were televised nationwide and anchored by three of Walt Disney's friends from Hollywood: Art Linkletter, Bob Cummings, and Ronald Reagan.
ABC broadcast the event live, during which many guests tripped over the television camera cables.
In Frontierland, a camera caught Cummings kissing a dancer.
When Disney started to read the plaque for Tomorrowland, he read partway then stopped when a technician off-camera said something to him, and after realizing he was on-air, said, "I thought I got a signal", and began the dedication from the start.
At one point, while in Fantasyland, Linkletter tried to give coverage to Cummings, who was on the pirateship.
He was not ready, and tried to give the coverage back to Linkletter, who had lost his microphone.
Cummings then did a play-by-play of him trying to find it in front of Mr. Toad's Wild Ride.
Traffic was delayed on the two-lane Harbor Boulevard.
Famous figures who were scheduled to show up every two hours showed up all at once.
The temperature was an unusually high , and because of a local plumbers' strike, Disney was given a choice of having working drinking fountains or running toilets.
He chose the latter, leaving many drinking fountains dry.
This generated negative publicity since Pepsi sponsored the park's opening; disappointed guests believed the inoperable fountains were a cynical way to sell soda, while other vendors ran out of food.
The asphalt that had been poured that morning was soft enough to let ladies' high-heeled shoes sink into it.
A gas leak in Fantasyland caused Adventureland, Frontierland, and Fantasyland to close for the afternoon.
Some parents threw their children over the crowd's shoulders to get them onto rides, such as the King Arthur Carrousel.
In later years, Disney and his 1955 executives referred to July 17, 1955 as "Black Sunday".
After the extremely negative press from the preview opening, Walt Disney invited attendees back for a private "second day" to experience Disneyland properly.
The next day, crowds gathered in line as early as 2:00 am.
The first person to buy a ticket and enter the park was David MacPherson with ticket number 2, as Roy O. Disney arranged to pre-purchase ticket number 1 from Curtis Lineberry, the manager of admissions.
However, an official picture of Walt Disney and two children, Christine Vess Watkins (age 5) and Michael Schwartner (7), inaccurately identifies them as the first two guests of Disneyland.
Both received lifetime passes to Disneyland that day, and MacPherson was awarded one shortly thereafter, which was later expanded to every single Disney-owned park in the world.
Approximately 50,000 guests attended the Monday opening day.
Article: Netball
Section: For children

Question: How long is the Fun Net program?

Netball has been adapted in several ways to meet children's needs.
The rules for children are similar to those for adults, but various aspects of the game (such as the length of each quarter, goal height, and ball size) are modified.
Fun Net is a version of netball developed by Netball Australia for five- to seven-year-olds.
It aims to improve basic netball skills using games and activities.
The Fun Net program runs for 8–16 weeks.
There are no winners or losers.
The goal posts are high, and a smaller ball is used.
Netball Australia also runs a modified game called Netta aimed at 8- to 11-year-olds.
The goal height and ball size are the same as for adults, but players rotate positions during the game, permitting each player to play each position.
Netta was created to develop passing and catching skills.
Its rules permit six seconds between catching and passing the ball, instead of the three seconds permitted in the adult game.
Most players under 11 play this version at netball clubs.
A version called High Five Netball is promoted by the All England Netball Association.
It is aimed at 9- to 11-year-old girls and includes only five positions.
The players swap positions during the game.
When a player is not on the court, she is expected to help the game in some other way, such as being the timekeeper or scorekeeper.
High Five Netball has four six-minute quarters.
Article: Andy Warhol
Section: Early life (1928–1949)

Question: New York City became Andy Warhol's home in what year?

Early life (1928–1949).
Andy Warhol (né Andrej Varhola, Jr.) was born on August 6, 1928 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
He was the fourth child of Andrej Varhola (Americanized as Andrew Warhola, Sr., 1889–1942) and Júlia (née Zavacká, 1892–1972), whose first child was born in their homeland and died before their move to the U.S. Andy had two older brothers, Paul (born June 26, 1922) and John Warhola (May 31, 1925 – December 24, 2010).
His parents were working-class Lemko emigrants from Mikó (now called Miková), located in today's northeastern Slovakia, part of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Warhol's father immigrated to the United States in 1914, and his mother joined him in 1921, after the death of Warhol's grandparents.
Warhol's father worked in a coal mine.
The family lived at 55 Beelen Street and later at 3252 Dawson Street in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh.
The family was Byzantine Catholic and attended St. John Chrysostom Byzantine Catholic Church.
Andy Warhol had two older brothers—Pavol (Paul), the oldest, was born before the family emigrated; Ján was born in Pittsburgh.
Pavol's son, James Warhola, became a successful children's book illustrator.
About 1939, he started to collect autographed cards of film stars.
In third grade, Warhol had Sydenham's chorea (also known as St. Vitus' Dance), the nervous system disease that causes involuntary movements of the extremities, which is believed to be a complication of scarlet fever which causes skin pigmentation blotchiness.
He became a hypochondriac, developing a fear of hospitals and doctors.
Often bedridden as a child, he became an outcast at school and bonded with his mother.
At times when he was confined to bed, he drew, listened to the radio and collected pictures of movie stars around his bed.
Warhol later described this period as very important in the development of his personality, skill-set and preferences.
When Warhol was 13, his father died in an accident.
As a teenager, Warhol graduated from Schenley High School in 1945.
After graduating from high school, his intentions were to study art education at the University of Pittsburgh in the hope of becoming an art teacher, but his plans changed and he enrolled in the Carnegie Institute of Technology in Pittsburgh, where he studied commercial art.
In 1949, he moved to New York City and began a career in magazine illustration and advertising.
In 1949, he earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts in pictorial design.
Article: Mona Lisa
Section: Conservation

Question: Who gave an analysis of the piece in 1933?

The "Mona Lisa" has survived for more than 500 years, and an international commission convened in 1952 noted that "the picture is in a remarkable state of preservation."
This is partly due to the result of a variety of conservation treatments the painting has undergone.
A detailed analysis in 1933 by Madame de Gironde revealed that earlier restorers had "acted with a great deal of restraint."
Nevertheless, applications of varnish made to the painting had darkened even by the end of the 16th century, and an aggressive 1809 cleaning and revarnishing removed some of the uppermost portion of the paint layer, resulting in a washed-out appearance to the face of the figure.
Despite the treatments, the "Mona Lisa" has been well cared for throughout its history, and although the panel's warping caused the curators "some worry", the 2004–05 conservation team was optimistic about the future of the work.
Article: The Shawshank Redemption
Section: Music

Question: What composer was featured in the score of The Shawshank Redemption?

The score was composed by Thomas Newman and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Score in 1994, which was his first Oscar nomination.
The majority of the score consists of dark piano music, which plays along the main character's role at Shawshank.
The main theme ("End Titles" on the soundtrack album) is perhaps best known to modern audiences as the inspirational sounding music from many movie trailers dealing with inspirational, dramatic, or romantic films in much the same way that James Horner's driving music from the end of "Aliens" is used in many movie trailers for action films.
A central scene in the film features the "Letter Duet" ("Canzonetta sull'aria") from Mozart's "The Marriage of Figaro."
Article: Boxing
Section: Boxer rankings

Question: Boxers are ranked by weight and what else?

There are various organizations and websites, that rank boxers in both weight class and pound-for-pound manner.
 BoxRec (ratings)
 The Ring (ratings)
 ESPN (ratings)
 Transnational Boxing Rankings Board (Ratings)
Article: Dairy product
Section: Avoidance of Dairy Products

Question: What is a non-religious reason for avoiding dairy?

Some groups avoid dairy products for non-health related reasons:
Religious - Some religions restrict or do not allow for the consumption of dairy products.
For example, some scholars of Jainism advocate not consuming any dairy products because dairy is perceived to involve violence against cows.
Strict Judaism requires that meat and dairy products not be served at the same meal, served or cooked in the same utensils, or stored together, as prescribed in .
Ethical - Veganism is the avoidance of all animal products, including dairy products, most often due to the ethics regarding how dairy products are produced.
The ethical reasons for avoiding dairy include how dairy is produced, how the animals are handled, and the environmental effect of dairy production.
Article: Czech Republic
Section: Geography

Question: On what latitude does the Czech Republic exist?

The Czech Republic lies mostly between latitudes 48° and 51° N (a small area lies north of 51°), and longitudes 12° and 19° E. The Czech landscape is exceedingly varied.
Bohemia, to the west, consists of a basin drained by the Elbe () and the Vltava (or Moldau) rivers, surrounded by mostly low mountains, such as the Krkonoše range of the Sudetes.
The highest point in the country, Sněžka at , is located here.
Moravia, the eastern part of the country, is also quite hilly.
It is drained mainly by the Morava River, but it also contains the source of the Oder River ().
Water from the landlocked Czech Republic flows to three different seas: the North Sea, Baltic Sea and Black Sea.
The Czech Republic also leases the Moldauhafen, a lot in the middle of the Hamburg Docks, which was awarded to Czechoslovakia by Article 363 of the Treaty of Versailles, to allow the landlocked country a place where goods transported down river could be transferred to seagoing ships.
The territory reverts to Germany in 2028.
Phytogeographically, the Czech Republic belongs to the Central European province of the Circumboreal Region, within the Boreal Kingdom.
According to the World Wide Fund for Nature, the territory of the Czech Republic can be subdivided into four ecoregions: the Central European mixed forests, Pannonian mixed forests, Western European broadleaf forests and Carpathian montane conifer forests.
There are four national parks in the Czech Republic.
The oldest isKrkonoše National Park (Biosphere Reserve), Šumava National Park (Biosphere Reserve), Podyjí National Park, Bohemian Switzerland.
Article: Viva la Vida
Section: Release and promotion

Question: When was the song Viva La Vida made available for purchase on Apple's iTunes store?

"Viva la Vida" was initially released only with iTunes Store pre-orders of "Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends" on 7 May 2008 – the "new edit" version of the song – which led to the song's temporary exclusion from the UK Singles Chart.
It was released as a download-only single on 25 May 2008, and a physical CD single in Europe on 29 July 2008 to coincide with the release of the single's music videos.
"Viva la Vida" was well-downloaded in the internet, becoming iTunes' best-selling song of 2008.
From 24 December 2008 to 5 January 2009 an official remix of the song by producer Stuart Price, named the "Thin White Duke Mix", was given away for free as a Christmas gift via the band's website.
The song was used as part of Apple Inc.'s iPod + iTunes advertisement campaign.
Coldplay performed the song live for the first time at the 2008 MTV Movie Awards.
It has since gone on to make many media appearances, including being featured throughout the episode from the paranormal drama "Medium", as a song played on the radio in the episode "We're Not in Kansas Anymore" from the teen drama "90210", used as bumper music on Bill Bennett's "Morning in America" radio talk show, and on the international soundtrack to the Brazilian soap opera "A Favorita" which helped push "Viva la Vida" up the charts in Brazil, where the telenovela been shown.
"Viva la Vida" was the entrance music for Birmingham City Football Club during the 2009–2010 season, but was quickly dropped after negative response by the supporters.
In 2009, Solange Knowles covered the song.
Lady Gaga also covered the song for BBC Radio 1.
A live version of the song appeared on Coldplay's 2009 live album "LeftRightLeftRightLeft".
Pet Shop Boys also performed the song live on their 2009 Pandemonium Tour and the song appeared on their Christmas EP.
It was also used in an episode entitled "Million Dollar Maybe" of "The Simpsons".
The song was covered in the seventh series of "The X Factor" by the boyband One Direction in 2010.
Article: Malaysia
Section: Fine arts

Question: Malay literature was first written in which language?

Traditional Malaysian art was mainly centred around the areas of carving, weaving, and silversmithing.
Traditional art ranges from handwoven baskets from rural areas to the silverwork of the Malay courts.
Common artworks included ornamental kris, beetle nut sets, and woven batik and songket fabrics.
Indigenous East Malaysians are known for their wooden masks.
Each ethnic group have distinct performing arts, with little overlap between them.
However, Malay art does show some North Indian influence due to the historical influence of India.
Traditional Malay music and performing arts appear to have originated in the Kelantan-Pattani region with influences from India, China, Thailand and Indonesia.
The music is based around percussion instruments, the most important of which is the gendang (drum).
There are at least 14 types of traditional drums.
Drums and other traditional percussion instruments and are often made from natural materials.
Music is traditionally used for storytelling, celebrating life-cycle events, and occasions such as a harvest.
It was once used as a form of long-distance communication.
In East Malaysia, gong-based musical ensembles such as agung and kulintang are commonly used in ceremonies such as funerals and weddings.
These ensembles are also common in neighbouring regions such as in Mindanao in the Philippines, Kalimantan in Indonesia, and Brunei.
Malaysia has a strong oral tradition that has existed since before the arrival of writing, and continues today.
Each of the Malay Sultanates created their own literary tradition, influenced by pre-existing oral stories and by the stories that came with Islam.
The first Malay literature was in the Arabic script.
The earliest known Malay writing is on the Terengganu stone, made in 1303.
Chinese and Indian literature became common as the numbers of speakers increased in Malaysia, and locally produced works based in languages from those areas began to be produced in the 19th century.
English has also become a common literary language.
In 1971, the government took the step of defining the literature of different languages.
Literature written in Malay was called "the national literature of Malaysia", literature in other "bumiputera" languages was called "regional literature", while literature in other languages was called "sectional literature".
Malay poetry is highly developed, and uses many forms.
The "Hikayat" form is popular, and the "pantun" has spread from Malay to other languages.