community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: As Long as You Love Me (Justin Bieber song)
Section: Synopsis

Question: Who performed the song "Bad?"

The video starts off with some flashbacks foreshadowing of what's going to be shown or happen in the video.
Then presently, at a mansion gate, Bieber appears as a loyal-but-troublemaking boyfriend to the daughter of an overprotective father, played by Madsen.
In what can be seen as a prelude to the main events of the video, Madsen finds the words "You r so sexy" written on his daughter's neck.
Outside their house, Madsen threatens Bieber to stay away from his daughter, despite Bieber's insistence that he loves her.
Bieber and his love interest secretly plan to meet at a train station late at night, to escape the clutches of her father.
However, their plans are foiled when Madsen finds his daughter's bedroom empty and races off, only to catch up with them in the middle of the street.
Bieber is assaulted by Madsen multiple times, only to rise to his feet and stand up again as the daughter watches and screams in horror.
As the video fades, representing that Bieber is passing out from the pain, Madsen drags his daughter to their car.
Throughout the video, scenes of Bieber and his love interest in various scenes (such as on her bed, at the park and on a rooftop) are shown, displaying their love.
The video also features a complicated dance routine performed in a parking garage, which is rumored by multiple critics to be a nod to the video for Michael Jackson's "Bad" (coincidentally, Madsen also appeared in the video for Jackson's "You Rock My World").
Article: The Selfish Giant (2013 film)
Section: Plot

Question: How did the boys earn an income?

The film follows the lives of Arbor and Swifty, teenage boys growing up in an impoverished area of Bradford, northern England.
Arbor suffers from hyperactivity disorder, which often gets him into trouble even when it is not his intention.
When the boys are suspended from school after a fight, they decide to earn money collecting and selling scrap metal.
They quickly realize that stealing copper from telecom, railway, and power utilities proves quite lucrative.
They sell their scrap to a local scrap dealer, Kitten.
Kitten owns a horse and competes in amateur harness racing.
Kitten allows Swifty to work with the horse, once he realizes Swifty's surprising affection for and natural talent with horses.
Kitten also lets the boys borrow the horse and a cart to collect scrap metal.
Arbor is jealous of Kitten's kindness toward Swifty.
Arbor decides to steal a piece of scrap from Kitten and sell it, along with some other scrap, to a dealer in Huddersfield.
The plan ends up backfiring, Arbor is refused at the other dealer and unsuccessfully makes a deal with some men who offer to sell the scrap for him.
Kitten finds out and physically intimidates Arbor into stealing a specific piece of high voltage electric power transmission wire to make up for his loss.
The boys are not fully aware of the dangers of high voltage wire, and when Swifty goes to cut the wire, he is electrocuted and killed.
Arbor is devastated and Kitten is arrested, telling the police he is responsible and allowing Arbor to escape blame.
He sits resolutely outside Swifty's mother's house until, after several rejections, she allows him to hug her and share their pain.
In a final scene, Arbor takes care of the horse Swifty loved.
Article: The New Normal (TV series)
Section: Premise

Question: What was the reason Goldie Clemmons left THe New Normal?

Bryan (Andrew Rannells) and David (Justin Bartha) are a happy gay couple living in Los Angeles, with successful careers.
The only thing missing in their relationship is a baby.
They meet Goldie Clemmons, (Georgia King), a single mother and waitress from Ohio.
Goldie left her adulterous husband and moved to L.A. with her 9-year-old daughter Shania (Bebe Wood) to escape their former life and start over.
Jane (Ellen Barkin), Goldie's conservative grandmother, follows them to the city against Goldie's wishes, thus causing havoc for her granddaughter and the couple.
Goldie decides to become Bryan and David's gestational surrogate, and naturally, her family gets involved.
Article: Sunflowers (Van Gogh series)
Section: Sunflowers, friendship and gratitude

Question: In the passage of the letter Van Goh wrote to his brother, who said "that... It's... The flower."?

Van Gogh began painting in late summer 1888 and continued into the following year.
One went to decorate his friend Paul Gauguin's bedroom.
The paintings show sunflowers in all stages of life, from full bloom to withering.
The paintings were considered innovative for their use of the yellow spectrum, partly because newly invented pigments made new colours possible.
In a letter to his brother Theo, Van Gogh wrote: "It is a kind of painting that rather changes in character, and takes on a richness the longer you look at it.
Besides, you know, Gauguin likes them extraordinarily.
He said to me among other things - 'That...it's...the flower.'
You know that the peony is Jeannin's, the hollyhock belongs to Quost, but the sunflower is somewhat my own."
Article: Counting Stars
Section: Track listing

Question: How long is "Counting Stars"?

;CD single
 "Counting Stars" – 4:17
 "Counting Stars" (Lovelife remix) – 3:55
Article: Solar System
Section: Kuiper belt

Question: What are some characteristics of Kuper belt objects?

The Kuiper belt is a great ring of debris similar to the asteroid belt, but consisting mainly of objects composed primarily of ice.
It extends between 30 and 50 AU from the Sun.
Though it is estimated to contain anything from dozens to thousands of dwarf planets, it is composed mainly of small Solar System bodies.
Many of the larger Kuiper belt objects, such as Quaoar, Varuna, and Orcus, may prove to be dwarf planets with further data.
There are estimated to be over 100,000 Kuiper belt objects with a diameter greater than 50 km, but the total mass of the Kuiper belt is thought to be only a tenth or even a hundredth the mass of Earth.
Many Kuiper belt objects have multiple satellites, and most have orbits that take them outside the plane of the ecliptic.
The Kuiper belt can be roughly divided into the "classical" belt and the resonances.
Resonances are orbits linked to that of Neptune (e.g.
twice for every three Neptune orbits, or once for every two).
The first resonance begins within the orbit of Neptune itself.
The classical belt consists of objects having no resonance with Neptune, and extends from roughly 39.4 AU to 47.7 AU.
Members of the classical Kuiper belt are classified as cubewanos, after the first of their kind to be discovered, , and are still in near primordial, low-eccentricity orbits.
Article: Wrestling
Section: Sambo

Question: What martial art originated in Russia in the 20th century?

Sambo is a martial art that originated in the Soviet Union (specifically Russia) in the 20th century.
It is an acronym for "self-defence without weapons" in Russian and had its origins in the Soviet armed forces.
Its influences are varied, with techniques borrowed from sports ranging from the two international wrestling styles of Greco-Roman and freestyle to judo, jujitsu, European styles of folk wrestling, and even fencing.
The rules for sport sambo are similar to those in competitive judo, with a variety of leg locks and defense holds from the various national wrestling styles in the Soviet Union, while not allowing chokeholds.
Article: Metropolitan Museum of Art
Section: Robert Lehman Collection

Question: How many works of art have been donated by Robert Lehman's foundation in 1969?

On the passing of banker Robert Lehman in 1969, his Foundation donated 2,600 works of art to the museum.
Housed in the "Robert Lehman Wing," the museum refers to the collection as "one of the most extraordinary private art collections ever assembled in the United States".
To emphasize the personal nature of the Robert Lehman Collection, the Met housed the collection in a special set of galleries which evoked the interior of Lehman's richly decorated townhouse; this intentional separation of the Collection as a "museum within the museum" met with mixed criticism and approval at the time, though the acquisition of the collection was seen as a coup for the Met.
Unlike other departments at the Met, the Robert Lehman collection does not concentrate on a specific style or period of art; rather, it reflects Lehman's personal interests.
Lehman the collector concentrated heavily on paintings of the Italian Renaissance, particularly the Sienese school.
Paintings in the collection include masterpieces by Botticelli and Domenico Veneziano, as well as works by a significant number of Spanish painters, El Greco and Goya among them.
Lehman's collection of drawings by the Old Masters, featuring works by Rembrandt and Dürer, is particularly valuable for its breadth and quality.
Princeton University Press has documented the massive collection in a multi-volume book series published as "The Robert Lehman Collection Catalogues".
Article: Hersheypark
Section: Regional competition

Question: Where is DelGrosso's Amusement Park?

Regional competition includes:
DelGrosso's Amusement Park, located in Tipton, Pennsylvania
Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom, located near Allentown, Pennsylvania
Kennywood Park, located near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Knoebels Amusement Resort, located in Elysburg, Pennsylvania
Six Flags America, located near Baltimore, Maryland
Six Flags Great Adventure, located in Jackson, New Jersey
Dutch Wonderland, located in Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Sesame Place, located in Langhorne, Pennsylvania
Article: Peru
Section: Demographics

Question: How much of the population of Peru lived in urban areas in 2007?

Peru is a multiethnic country formed by different groups over five centuries.
Amerindians inhabited Peruvian territory for several millennia before the Spanish Conquest of the 16th century; according to historian Noble David Cook their population decreased from nearly 5–9 million in the 1520s to around 600,000 in 1620 mainly because of infectious diseases.
Spaniards and Africans arrived in large numbers under colonial rule, mixing widely with each other and indigenous peoples.
Gradual European immigration from Italy, Spain, France, Britain, and Germany followed independence.
Peru freed its black slaves in 1854.
Chinese arrived in the 1850s, replacing slave workers, and have since greatly influenced Peruvian society.
The last Peruvian census that attempted to classify persons according to ethnicity was in 1940, when 53% of the population was found to be white or mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry) and 46% was found to be Amerindian.
According to the CIA World Factbook, the majority of the people in Peru are Amerindians, mostly Quechua and Aymara, followed by mestizos.
Yet, in a 2006 survey from the "Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática" (INEI), the Peruvian population self-identified primarily as mestizo (59.5%), followed by Quechua (22.7%), Aymara (2.7%), Amazonian (1.8%), Black/Mulatto (1.6%), white (4.9%), and "Others" (6.7%).
With about 29.5 million inhabitants, Peru is the fifth most populous country in South America.
Its demographic growth rate declined from 2.6% to 1.6% between 1950 and 2000; population is expected to reach approximately 42 million in 2050.
As of 2007, 75.9% lived in urban areas and 24.1% in rural areas.
Major cities include Lima (home to over 8 million people), Arequipa, Trujillo, Chiclayo, Piura, Iquitos, Cusco, Chimbote, and Huancayo; all reported more than 250,000 inhabitants in the 2007 census.
There are 15 uncontacted Amerindian tribes in Peru.
Spanish, the first language of 83.9% of Peruvians aged five and older in 2007, is the primary language of the country.
It coexists with several indigenous languages, the most common of which is Quechua, spoken by 13.2% of the population.
Other native and foreign languages were spoken at that time by 2.7% and 0.1% of Peruvians, respectively.
In the 2007 census, 81.3% of the population over 12 years old described themselves as Catholic, 12.5% as Evangelical, 3.3% as of other denominations, and 2.9% as non-religious.
Literacy was estimated at 92.9% in 2007; this rate is lower in rural areas (80.3%) than in urban areas (96.3%).
Primary and secondary education are compulsory and free in public schools.
Article: Falling Skies
Section: Online promotion

Question: When did the second season of "Falling Skies" premiere?

Online promotion.
For the first season, character videos were made available online.
The videos explore the main characters of the series.
As part of the promotional campaign, a vehicle, with the TNT logo and called "Falling Skies Technical", was released as a free gift in the social networking game "Mafia Wars" on June 14, 2011.
Following the second season premiere on June 17, 2012, a live after-show titled "2nd Watch" hosted by Wil Wheaton premiered.
The series airs after encore presentations of "Falling Skies" on TNT's official site.
Wheaton discusses the latest episode with actors and producers of the series.
Article: Switzerland
Section: Geography

Question: How many lakes are in Switzerland?

Extending across the north and south side of the Alps in west-central Europe, Switzerland encompasses a great diversity of landscapes and climates on a limited area of .
The population is about 7.9 million, resulting in an average population density of around 190 people per square kilometre (485/sq mi).
The more mountainous southern half of the country is far more sparsely populated than the northern half.
In the largest Canton of Graubünden, lying entirely in the Alps, population density falls to 27 /km² (70 /sq mi).
Switzerland lies between latitudes 45° and 48° N, and longitudes 5° and 11° E. It contains three basic topographical areas: the Swiss Alps to the south, the Swiss plateau or middleland, and the Jura mountains on the north.
The Alps are a high mountain range running across the central-south of the country, comprising about 60% of the country's total area.
Among the high valleys of the Swiss Alps many glaciers are found, totalling an area of 1,063 square kilometres.
From these originate the headwaters of several major rivers, such as the Rhine, Inn, Ticino and Rhône, which flow in the four cardinal directions into the whole of Europe.
The hydrographic network includes several of the largest bodies of freshwater in Central and Western Europe, among which are included Lake Geneva, Lake Constance and Lake Maggiore.
Switzerland has more than 1500 lakes, and contains 6% of Europe's stock of fresh water.
Lakes and glaciers cover about 6% of the national territory.
About a hundred of Switzerland's mountain peaks are close to or higher than .
At , Monte Rosa is the highest, although the Matterhorn () is probably the most famous.
Both are located within the Pennine Alps in the canton of Valais.
The section of the Bernese Alps above the deep glacial Lauterbrunnen valley, containing 72 waterfalls, is well known for the Jungfrau () and Eiger, and the many picturesque valleys in the region.
In the southeast the long Engadin Valley, encompassing the St. Moritz area in canton Graubünden, is also well known; the highest peak in the neighbouring Bernina Alps is Piz Bernina ().
The more populous northern part of the country, comprising about 30% of the country's total area, is called the Middle Land.
It has greater open and hilly landscapes, partly forested, partly open pastures, usually with grazing herds, or vegetables and fruit fields, but it is still hilly.
There are large lakes found here and the biggest Swiss cities are in this area of the country.
The largest lake is Lake Geneva (also called Lac Léman in French), in western Switzerland.
The Rhône River is both the main input and output of Lake Geneva.
Article: Singapore
Section: Government and politics

Question: When was trial by jury abolished in Singapore?

Singapore is a parliamentary republic with a Westminster system of unicameral parliamentary government representing constituencies.
The country's constitution establishes a representative democracy as the political system.
Freedom House ranks Singapore as "partly free" in its "Freedom in the World" report, and "The Economist" ranks Singapore as a "hybrid regime", the third best rank of four, in its "Democracy Index".
Singapore has been consistently rated among the least corrupt countries in the world by Transparency International.
Executive power rests with the Cabinet of Singapore, led by the Prime Minister and, to a much lesser extent, the President.
The President is elected through a popular vote, and has veto powers over a specific set of executive decisions, such as the use of the national reserves and the appointment of judges, but otherwise occupies a largely ceremonial post.
The Parliament serves as the legislative branch of the government.
Members of Parliament (MPs) consist of elected, non-constituency and nominated members.
Elected MPs are voted into the Parliament on a "first-past-the-post" (plurality) basis and represent either single-member or group-representation constituencies.
The People's Action Party has won control of Parliament with large majorities in every election since self-governance was secured in 1959.
However, in the most recent Parliamentary elections in 2011, the opposition, led by the Workers' Party, made material gains, increasing its representation to six elected MPs.
The legal system of Singapore is based on English common law, but with substantial local differences.
Trial by jury was abolished in 1970 so that judicial decisions would rest entirely in the hands of appointed judges.
Singapore has penalties that include judicial corporal punishment in the form of caning, which may be imposed for such offenses as rape, rioting, vandalism, and certain immigration offenses.
There is a mandatory death penalty for murder, as well as certain aggravated drug-trafficking and firearms offenses.
Amnesty International has said that some legal provisions of the Singapore system conflict with the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty, and that Singapore has "possibly the highest execution rate in the world relative to its population".
The government has disputed Amnesty's claims.
In a 2008 survey of international business executives, Singapore and Hong Kong received top ranking with regard to judicial system quality in Asia.
In 2011, the World Justice Project's "Rule of Law Index" ranked Singapore among the top countries surveyed with regard to "Order and Security", "Absence of Corruption", and "Effective Criminal Justice".
However, the country received a much lower ranking for "Freedom of Speech" and "Freedom of Assembly".
All public gatherings of five or more people require police permits, and protests may legally be held only at the Speakers' Corner.
Article: Black hole
Section: Information loss paradox

Question: What cause black holes to slowly evaporate?

Because a black hole has only a few internal parameters, most of the information about the matter that went into forming the black hole is lost.
Regardless of the type of matter which goes into a black hole, it appears that only information concerning the total mass, charge, and angular momentum are conserved.
As long as black holes were thought to persist forever this information loss is not that problematic, as the information can be thought of as existing inside the black hole, inaccessible from the outside.
However, black holes slowly evaporate by emitting Hawking radiation.
This radiation does not appear to carry any additional information about the matter that formed the black hole, meaning that this information appears to be gone forever.
The question whether information is truly lost in black holes (the black hole information paradox) has divided the theoretical physics community (see Thorne–Hawking–Preskill bet).
In quantum mechanics, loss of information corresponds to the violation of vital property called unitarity, which has to do with the conservation of probability.
It has been argued that loss of unitarity would also imply violation of conservation of energy.
Over recent years evidence has been building that indeed information and unitarity are preserved in a full quantum gravitational treatment of the problem.
Article: Battle of Moscow
Section: Abstract

Question: Which battle was fought on the Eastern Front during World War II?

The Battle of Moscow is the name given by Soviet historians to two periods of strategically significant fighting on a sector of the Eastern Front during World War II.
It took place between October 1941 and January 1942.
The Soviet defensive effort frustrated Hitler's attack on Moscow, capital of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the largest Soviet city.
Moscow was one of the primary military and political objectives for Axis forces in their invasion of the Soviet Union.
The German strategic offensive named Operation Typhoon was planned to conduct two pincer offensives, one to the north of Moscow against the Kalinin Front by the 3rd and 4th Panzer Armies, simultaneously severing the Moscow–Leningrad railway, and another to the south of Moscow Oblast against the Western Front, south of Tula by the 2nd Panzer Army, while the 4th Army advanced directly towards Moscow from the west.
A separate operational German plan, codenamed "Operation Wotan", was included in the final phase of the German offensive.
Initially, the Soviet forces conducted a strategic defence of the Moscow Oblast by constructing three defensive belts, and deploying newly raised reserve armies as well as bringing troops from the Siberian and Far Eastern Military Districts.
Subsequently, as the German offensives were halted, a Soviet strategic counter-offensive and smaller-scale offensive operations were executed to force German armies back to the positions around the cities of Oryol, Vyazma and Vitebsk, nearly surrounding three German armies in the process.
Article: Lincoln Memorial
Section: Sacred space

Question: In memory of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., what is engraved at the Lincoln Memorial and where is it located?

As Sandage, (1993) demonstrates, the Memorial has become a symbolically sacred venue especially for the Civil Rights movement.
In 1939, the Daughters of the American Revolution refused to allow the African-American contralto Marian Anderson to perform before an integrated audience at the organization's Constitution Hall.
At the suggestion of Eleanor Roosevelt, the wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harold L. Ickes, the Secretary of the Interior, arranged for a performance on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial on Easter Sunday of that year, to a live audience of 70,000, and a nationwide radio audience.
On August 28, 1963, the memorial grounds were the site of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, which proved to be a high point of the American Civil Rights Movement.
It is estimated that approximately 250,000 people came to the event, where they heard Martin Luther King, Jr., deliver his historic speech, "I Have a Dream", before the memorial honoring the president who had issued the Emancipation Proclamation 100 years earlier.
The D.C. police also appreciated the location because it was surrounded on three sides by water, so that any incident could be easily contained.
Twenty years later, on August 28, 1983, crowds gathered again to mark the 20th Anniversary Mobilization for Jobs, Peace and Freedom, to reflect on progress in gaining civil rights for African Americans and to commit to correcting continuing injustices.
The "I Have a Dream" speech is such a part of the Lincoln Memorial story, that the spot on which King stood, on the landing eighteen steps below Lincoln's statue, was engraved in 2003 in recognition of the 40th anniversary of the event.
This engraving can be easy to miss unless one walks up the very center of the steps.
The engraving is not large and the letters have not been painted in to make them more readable.
At the memorial on May 9, 1970, President Richard Nixon had a middle-of-the-night impromptu, brief meeting with protesters who, just days after the Kent State shootings, were preparing to march against the Vietnam War.