community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Bathsheba
Section: In rabbinical literature

Question: Give the name of the animal that Satan is disguised as.

Bathsheba was the granddaughter of Ahithophel, David's famous counselor.
The Haggadah states that Ahithophel, was misled by his knowledge of astrology into believing himself destined to become king of Israel.
He therefore induced Absalom to commit an unpardonable crime (II Sam.
xvi.
21), which sooner or later would have brought with it, according to Jewish law, the penalty of death; the motive for this advice being to remove Absalom, and thus to make a way for himself to the throne.
His astrological information had been, however, misunderstood by him; for in reality it only predicted that his granddaughter, Bathsheba, the daughter of his son Eliam, would become queen (Sanh.
101b, YalḲ.
Sam.
§ 150).
The Midrash portrays the influence of Satan bringing about the sinful relation of David and Bathsheba as follows: Bathsheba was bathing, perhaps behind a screen of wickerwork.
Satan is depicted as coming in the disguise of a bird.
David, shooting at the bird, strikes the screen, splitting it; thus Bathsheba is revealed in her beauty to David (Sanhedrin 107a).
Article: Lincoln Memorial
Section: Sacred space

Question: When was the place Dr Martin Luther King Jr stood at the Lincoln memorial engraved?

As Sandage, (1993) demonstrates, the Memorial has become a symbolically sacred venue especially for the Civil Rights movement.
In 1939, the Daughters of the American Revolution refused to allow the African-American contralto Marian Anderson to perform before an integrated audience at the organization's Constitution Hall.
At the suggestion of Eleanor Roosevelt, the wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harold L. Ickes, the Secretary of the Interior, arranged for a performance on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial on Easter Sunday of that year, to a live audience of 70,000, and a nationwide radio audience.
On August 28, 1963, the memorial grounds were the site of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, which proved to be a high point of the American Civil Rights Movement.
It is estimated that approximately 250,000 people came to the event, where they heard Martin Luther King, Jr., deliver his historic speech, "I Have a Dream", before the memorial honoring the president who had issued the Emancipation Proclamation 100 years earlier.
The D.C. police also appreciated the location because it was surrounded on three sides by water, so that any incident could be easily contained.
Twenty years later, on August 28, 1983, crowds gathered again to mark the 20th Anniversary Mobilization for Jobs, Peace and Freedom, to reflect on progress in gaining civil rights for African Americans and to commit to correcting continuing injustices.
The "I Have a Dream" speech is such a part of the Lincoln Memorial story, that the spot on which King stood, on the landing eighteen steps below Lincoln's statue, was engraved in 2003 in recognition of the 40th anniversary of the event.
This engraving can be easy to miss unless one walks up the very center of the steps.
The engraving is not large and the letters have not been painted in to make them more readable.
At the memorial on May 9, 1970, President Richard Nixon had a middle-of-the-night impromptu, brief meeting with protesters who, just days after the Kent State shootings, were preparing to march against the Vietnam War.
Article: Jingle Bell Rock
Section: Chart performance

Question: What did the original version chart at?

Helms's original version charted at No.
13 on "Billboard"'s Most Played C&W by Jockeys chart, a predecessor to the Hot Country Songs chart.
After it was featured on the soundtrack to the 1996 film "Jingle All the Way", the original version returned to the country charts in late 1996-early 1997, reaching a peak of No.
It also crossed to the pop charts, reaching #11 in the Cashbox Top 60, week ending January 11, 1958.
Article: Soft Construction with Boiled Beans (Premonition of Civil War)
Section: Salvador Dalí and the Spanish Civil War

Question: Where did Salvador and Gala get married?

Dalí and his wife, Gala, were trapped in the middle of a general strike and an armed uprising by Catalan separatists in 1934, in Catalonia, and this may have influenced his Spanish Civil War motif.
Salvador and Gala had to run away to Paris, where they got married.
Dalí and Gala had hired an escort to take them safely to Paris, but the escort died on his return because of the stresses of the Spanish Civil War.
When Dalí had finally returned home, his house in Port Lligat was destroyed by the war.
He was also greatly affected because his friend was executed in the war and his sister Ana Maria was imprisoned and tortured.
Article: Machu Picchu
Section: Intimachay and the Royal Feast of the Sun

Question: How were the nobles' young songs initiated into their manhood?

Intimachay is a special cave designed to celebrate and observe the Royal Feast of the Sun.
This festival was only to be celebrated by nobility in the Incan month of Capac Raymi and was associated with the December solstice.
The festival would begin earlier in the month and would conclude on the solstice.
On this day, boys of nobility would be initiated into manhood by conducting an ear-piercing ritual as they watched the sun rise from within the cave.
Architecturally, Intimachay is the most significant structure located at Machu Picchu.
Its entrances, walls, steps and windows are all comprised with some of the finest masonry found in Incan Empire.
The cave also includes a unique tunnel-like window which cannot be found in any other Incan structure.
This window was strategically constructed to only allow sunlight into the cave for a span of several days around the time of the December solstice.
For this reason, the cave was inaccessible for much of the year.
Intimachay is located on the eastern side of Machu Picchu, just north of the "Condor Stone."
Many of the caves surrounding this area were prehistorically used as tombs, yet there is no evidence to suggest that it too was a burial ground.
Article: Universal Studios Hollywood
Section: Upper lot

Question: What kind of ride is The Simpson ride?

The Upper lot is home to a variety of family based shows.
It is also home to many dining and merchandise shops as well as the park's entrance.
For older guests the park offers "Universal's House of Horrors", a year-round haunted house.
The Upper lot is home to all of the park's 5 shows including "The Blues Brothers Revue", the "Universal's Animal Actors Show", the "Special Effects Stage", "" and "Shrek 4-D", a 3-D film which features additional immerse features.
There are 2 rides located on the upper lot which include: the "Studio Tour" and the "The Simpsons Ride" are offered.
The "Studio Tour" is a 45 minute ride which uses tram vehicles to take the visitors to the theme park's back-lot.
The tour is the signature ride at the theme park and the wait time varies by day and seasons.
The wait time ranges from 5–80 minutes, depending on the amount of visitors.
The tour includes:, the world's largest 3-D experience.
The tram closes earlier than other shows and rides at the park.
The trams depart the station and pass directly under the "Starway".
After passing the starway, the tram arrives at the lower lot and passes through the stages where film productions take place.
When filming occurs, the ride operator will notify visitors.
The tram then takes the guests to Courthouse Square section and then other buildings in the backlot.
Afterwards, the tram enters a tunnel leading to the attraction: King Kong 360 3D.
After King Kong 360 3D, the tram travels through sets from Jurassic park and encounter Dilophosauruses.
Following that, the tram travels to the Flash Flood attraction (it is to be noted guests on the left side of the tram usually get wet).
The tram continues to attraction, and Bates motel from Psycho.
The Simpsons Ride is a family simulator ride located next to the entrance to the Studio Tour ride.
The ride contains 24 vehicles, where each vehicles seats 8 guests.
The ride lasts for 4 minutes.
None of the rides at the Upper lot have single rider lines.
There are several themed retail outlets located near their respective rides in the Upper lot.
For the Simpsons merchandise is offered at the Kwik-E-Mart.
Article: Portugal
Section: Transport

Question: What is the primary flag-carrier in Portugal?

By the early 1970s Portugal's fast economic growth with increasing consumption and purchase of new automobiles set the priority for improvements in transportation.
Again in the 1990s, after joining the European Economic Community, the country built many new motorways.
Today, the country has a road network, of which almost are part of system of 44 motorways.
Opened in 1944, the first motorway (which linked Lisbon to the National Stadium) was an innovative project that made Portugal among one of the first countries in the world to establish a motorway (this roadway eventually became the Lisbon-Cascais highway, or A5).
But, although a few other tracts were created (around 1960 and 1970), it was only after the beginning of the 1980s that large-scale motorway construction was implemented.
In 1972, Brisa, the highway concessionaire, was founded to handle the management of many of the regions motorways.
On many highways, toll needs to be paid, see Via Verde.
Vasco da Gama bridge is the longest bridge in Europe.
Continental Portugal's territory is serviced by three international airports located near the principal cities of Lisbon, Porto, Faro and Beja.
Lisbon's geographical position makes it a stopover for many foreign airlines at several airports within the country.
The primary flag-carrier is TAP Portugal, although many other domestic airlines provide services within and without the country.
The government decided to build a new airport outside Lisbon, in Alcochete, to replace Lisbon Portela Airport, though this plan has been stalled due to the austerity.
Currently, the most important airports are in Lisbon, Porto, Faro, Funchal (Madeira), and Ponta Delgada (Azores), managed by the national airport authority group ANA – Aeroportos de Portugal.
A national railway system that extends throughout the country and into Spain, is supported and administered by Comboios de Portugal.
Rail transport of passengers and goods is derived using the of railway lines currently in service, of which are electrified and about allow train speeds greater than .
The railway network is managed by the REFER while the transport of passengers and goods are the responsibility of Caminhos de Ferro Portugueses (CP), both public companies.
In 2006 the CP carried 133 million passengers and of goods.
The major seaports are located in Sines, Lisbon, Leixões, Setúbal, Aveiro, Figueira da Foz, and Faro.
The two largest metropolitan areas have subway systems: Lisbon Metro and "Metro Sul do Tejo" in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area and Porto Metro in the Porto Metropolitan Area, each with more than of lines.
In Portugal, Lisbon tram services have been supplied by the "Companhia de Carris de Ferro de Lisboa" (Carris), for over a century.
In Porto, a tram network, of which only a tourist line on the shores of the Douro remain, began construction on 12 September 1895 (a first for the Iberian Peninsula).
All major cities and towns have their own local urban transport network, as well as taxi services.
Article: High Renaissance
Section: Sculpture

Question: Who were the types of people more likely to patronize Renaissance sculptors?

High Renaissance sculpture, as exemplified by Michelangelo's "Pietà" and the iconic "David", is characterized by an "ideal" balance between stillness and movement.
High Renaissance sculpture was normally commissioned by the public and the state, this becoming more popular for sculpture is an expensive art form.
Sculpture was often used to decorate or embellish architecture, normally within courtyards where others were able to study and admire the commissioned art work.
Wealthy individuals like cardinals, rulers and bankers were the more likely private patrons along with very wealthy families; Pope Julius II also patronized many artists.
During the High Renaissance there was the development of small scale statuettes for private patrons, the creation of busts and tombs also developing.
The subject matter related to sculpture was mostly religious but also with a significant strand of classical individuals in the form of tomb sculpture and paintings as well as ceilings of cathedrals.
Article: Electromagnetism
Section: Quantities and units

Question: Which units are the most common used today?

Electromagnetic units are part of a system of electrical units based primarily upon the magnetic properties of electric currents, the fundamental SI unit being the ampere.
The units are:
ampere (electric current)
coulomb (electric charge)
farad (capacitance)
henry (inductance)
ohm (resistance)
tesla (magnetic flux density)
volt (electric potential)
watt (power)
weber (magnetic flux)
In the electromagnetic cgs system, electric current is a fundamental quantity defined via Ampère's law and takes the permeability as a dimensionless quantity (relative permeability) whose value in a vacuum is unity.
As a consequence, the square of the speed of light appears explicitly in some of the equations interrelating quantities in this system.
Formulas for physical laws of electromagnetism (such as Maxwell's equations) need to be adjusted depending on what system of units one uses.
This is because there is no one-to-one correspondence between electromagnetic units in SI and those in CGS, as is the case for mechanical units.
Furthermore, within CGS, there are several plausible choices of electromagnetic units, leading to different unit "sub-systems", including Gaussian, "ESU", "EMU", and Heaviside–Lorentz.
Among these choices, Gaussian units are the most common today, and in fact the phrase "CGS units" is often used to refer specifically to CGS-Gaussian units.
Article: Inside Llewyn Davis
Section: Abstract

Question: Who wrote Inside Llewyn Davis?

Inside Llewyn Davis is a 2013 American comedy-drama film written, directed and edited by Joel and Ethan Coen.
The film stars Oscar Isaac, Carey Mulligan, and John Goodman, and was produced by Scott Rudin, Ethan and Joel Coen.
T Bone Burnett was the executive music producer.
The film is about one week in the life of a singer who is active in New York's folk music scene in 1961.
Although Llewyn Davis is a fictional character, the story was partly inspired by the autobiography of folk singer Dave Van Ronk.
Most of the folk songs performed in the film are sung in full and recorded live.
The film won the Grand Prix at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival, where it screened on May 19, 2013.
It received a limited release in the United States on December 6, 2013, and was given a wide release on January 10, 2014.
It received critical acclaim and was nominated for two Academy Awards, Best Cinematography and Best Sound Mixing, the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Comedy or Musical, and two other nominations.
Article: Bacteria
Section: Origin and early evolution

Question: Who were the ancestors of unicellular microorganisms?

The ancestors of modern bacteria were unicellular microorganisms that were the first forms of life to appear on Earth, about 4 billion years ago.
For about 3 billion years, all organisms were microscopic, and bacteria and archaea were the dominant forms of life.
Although bacterial fossils exist, such as stromatolites, their lack of distinctive morphology prevents them from being used to examine the history of bacterial evolution, or to date the time of origin of a particular bacterial species.
However, gene sequences can be used to reconstruct the bacterial phylogeny, and these studies indicate that bacteria diverged first from the archaeal/eukaryotic lineage.
Bacteria were also involved in the second great evolutionary divergence, that of the archaea and eukaryotes.
Here, eukaryotes resulted from the entering of ancient bacteria into endosymbiotic associations with the ancestors of eukaryotic cells, which were themselves possibly related to the Archaea.
This involved the engulfment by proto-eukaryotic cells of alpha-proteobacterial symbionts to form either mitochondria or hydrogenosomes, which are still found in all known Eukarya (sometimes in highly reduced form, e.g.
in ancient "amitochondrial" protozoa).
Later on, some eukaryotes that already contained mitochondria also engulfed cyanobacterial-like organisms.
This led to the formation of chloroplasts in algae and plants.
There are also some algae that originated from even later endosymbiotic events.
Here, eukaryotes engulfed a eukaryotic algae that developed into a "second-generation" plastid.
This is known as secondary endosymbiosis.
Article: Forrest Gump
Section: Abstract

Question: who was the director of Forest Gump?

Forrest Gump is a 1994 American epic romantic comedy-drama film based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Winston Groom.
The film was directed by Robert Zemeckis and starred Tom Hanks, Robin Wright, Gary Sinise and Sally Field.
The story depicts several decades in the life of Forrest Gump, a naïve and slow-witted yet athletically prodigious native of Alabama who witnesses, and in some cases influences, some of the defining events of the latter half of the 20th century in the United States; more specifically, the period between Forrest's birth in 1944 and 1982.
The film differs substantially from Winston Groom's novel on which it is based, including Gump's personality and several events that were depicted.
Filming took place in late 1993, mainly in Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.
Extensive visual effects were used to incorporate the protagonist into archived footage and to develop other scenes.
A comprehensive soundtrack was featured in the film, using music intended to pinpoint specific time periods portrayed on screen.
Its commercial release made it a top-selling soundtrack, selling over 12 million copies worldwide.
Released in the United States on July 6, 1994, "Forrest Gump" received critical acclaim and became a commercial success as the top grossing film in North America released that year, being the first major success for Paramount Pictures since the studio's sale to Viacom earlier in the year.
The film earned over $677 million worldwide during its theatrical run.
The film won the Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director for Robert Zemeckis, Best Actor for Tom Hanks, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Visual Effects and Best Film Editing.
It also garnered multiple other awards and nominations, including Golden Globe Awards, People's Choice Awards and Young Artist Awards, among others.
Since the film's release, varying interpretations have been made of the film's protagonist and its political symbolism.
In 1996, a themed restaurant, Bubba Gump Shrimp Company, opened based on the film, and has since expanded to multiple locations worldwide.
The scene of Gump running across the country is often referred to when real-life people attempt the feat.
In 2011, the Library of Congress selected "Forrest Gump" for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Article: Human swimming
Section: Accessories

Question: What gear helps swimmers see underwater?

 Ear plugs can prevent water from getting in the ears.
 Noseclips can prevent water from getting in the nose.
However, this is generally only used for synchronised swimming.
Using noseclips in competitive swimming can cause a disadvantage to most swimmers.
It is for this reason that noseclips are only used for synchronised swimming and recreational swimming.
 Goggles protect the eyes from chlorinated water, and can improve underwater visibility.
Tinted goggles protect the eyes from sunlight that reflects from the bottom of the pool.
 Swim caps keep the body streamlined and protect the hair from chlorinated water.
 Kickboards are used to keep the upper body afloat while exercising the lower body.
Pull buoys are used to keep the lower body afloat while exercising the upper body.
 Swimfins are used to elongate the kick and improve technique and speed.
Fins also build upper calf muscles.
 Safety fencing and equipment is mandatory at public pools and a zoning requirement at most residential pools in the United States.
Article: Ski jumping
Section: Ski flying

Question: Ski flying was first started where?

Ski Flying is an extension of ski jumping.
The events take place on hills with a K-point of at least .
The first ski flying hill was built in Planica in Slovenia.
In 1936, the FIS started to regulate the construction of the jumping hills and issued international standards for their construction and maintenance.
Back then, it was forbidden to build a ski jumping hill which made it possible to make jumps longer than 80 meters.
Nevertheless the first-ever ski flying hill was built in Planica, Slovenia.
It took several more years before competitions on this hill were approved by FIS.
The "father" of ski flying is Janez Gorišek, an engineer, sportsman and enthusiastic sport-promoter who designed the Planica ski-jump.
There are five ski flying hills in the world today: Vikersundbakken in Vikersund, Norway; Oberstdorf, Germany; Kulm Austria; Letalnica, Planica, Slovenia; and Harrachov, Czech Republic.
A sixth hill, Copper Peak in the western Upper Peninsula of Michigan, is currently disused, although there are plans to rebuild it to FIS standards.
There are plans for more ski flying hills, even for an indoor ski flying hill in Ylitornio, Finland.
The biggest hill is Vikersundbakken in Vikersund.
Jumps of more than have occurred at all ski flying hills.
The current World Record is , set by Norwegian Johan Remen Evensen at Vikersund in 2011.
The "Fédération Internationale de Ski" (FIS) Ski flying World Championships started in 1972 and occur biennially.
The 2010 FIS World Championships in ski flying were organised in Planica, and in 2012 the FIS World Championships took place in Vikersund, Norway.1992, 1994, 1996, 1998 "Ski flying World Championships" individual day event wins in two series also counted as an individual "World Cup" win.
Article: Malaysia
Section: Conservation issues

Question: What other countries are the Malaysian government conversing with about standardized anti-trafficking laws?

Logging, along with cultivation practices has devastated tree cover, causing severe environmental degradation in the country.
Over 80 per cent of Sarawak's rainforest has been cleared.
Floods in East Malaysia have been worsened by the loss of trees, and over 60 per cent of the Peninsular's forest have been cleared.
With current rates of deforestation, the forests are predicted to be extinct by 2020.
Deforestation is a major problem for animals, fungi and plants, as the forest is cut to make room for plantations.
Most remaining forest is found inside national parks.
Habitat destruction has proved a threat for marine life.
Illegal fishing is another major threat, with fishing methods such as dynamite fishing and poisoning depleting marine ecosystems.
Leatherback turtle numbers have dropped 98 per cent since the 1950s.
Hunting has also been an issue for some animals, with overconsumption and the use of animal parts for profit endangering many animals, from marine life to tigers.
Marine life is also detrimentally affected by uncontrolled tourism.
The Malaysian government aims to balance economic growth with environmental protection, but has been accused of favouring big business over the environment.
Some state governments are now trying to counter the environmental impact and pollution created by deforestation; and the federal government is trying to cut logging by 10 per cent each year.
28 national parks have been established; 23 in East Malaysia and five in the Peninsular.
Tourism has been limited in biodiverse areas such as Sipadan island.
Animal trafficking is a large issue, and the Malaysian government is holding talks with the governments of Brunei and Indonesia to standardise anti-trafficking laws.