community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Biomolecule
Section: Nucleosides and nucleotides

Question: How are nucleosides formed?

Nucleosides are molecules formed by attaching a nucleobase to a ribose or deoxyribose ring.
Examples of these include cytidine (C), uridine (U), adenosine (A), guanosine (G), thymidine (T) and inosine (I).
Nucleosides can be phosphorylated by specific kinases in the cell, producing nucleotides.
Both DNA and RNA are polymers, consisting of long, linear molecules assembled by polymerase enzymes from repeating structural units, or monomers, of mononucleotides.
DNA uses the deoxynucleotides C, G, A, and T, while RNA uses the ribomucleotides (which have an extra hydroxyl(OH) group on the pentose ring) C, G, A, and U.
Modified bases are fairly common (such as with methyl groups on the base ring), as found in ribosomal RNA or transfer RNAs or for discriminating the new from old strands of DNA after replication.
Each nucleotide is made of an acyclic nitrogenous base, a pentose and one to three phosphate groups.
They contain carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen and phosphorus.
They serve as sources of chemical energy (adenosine triphosphate and guanosine triphosphate), participate in cellular signaling (cyclic guanosine monophosphate and cyclic adenosine monophosphate), and are incorporated into important cofactors of enzymatic reactions (coenzyme A, flavin adenine dinucleotide, flavin mononucleotide, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate).
Article: Dissolution of the Monasteries
Section: Arts and culture

Question: Of all the Worcester Priority books, how many are still around today?

Along with the destruction of the monasteries, some of them many hundreds of years old, the related destruction of the monastic libraries was perhaps the greatest cultural loss caused by the English Reformation.
Worcester Priory (now Worcester Cathedral) had 600 books at the time of the dissolution.
Only six of them are known to have survived intact to the present day.
At the abbey of the Augustinian Friars at York, a library of 646 volumes was destroyed, leaving only three known survivors.
Some books were destroyed for their precious bindings, others were sold off by the cartload.
The antiquarian John Leland was commissioned by the King to rescue items of particular interest (especially manuscript sources of Old English history), and other collections were made by private individuals; notably Matthew Parker.
Nevertheless much was lost, especially manuscript books of English church music, none of which had then been printed.
Article: Netball
Section: Indoor netball

Question: Do different forms of indoor netball exist?

Indoor netball.
Indoor netball is a variation of netball, played exclusively indoors, in which the playing court is surrounded on each side and overhead by a net.
The net prevents the ball from leaving the court, permitting faster play by reducing playing stoppages.
Different forms of indoor netball exist.
In a seven-per-side version called "action netball", seven players per team play with rules similar to netball.
However, a game is split into 15-minute halves with a three-minute break in between.
This version is played in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and England.
A six-per-side version of the sport is also played in New Zealand.
Two Centres per team can play in the whole court except the shooting circles; the remaining attacking and defending players are each restricted to one half of the court, including the shooting circles.
The attacking and Centre players may shoot from outside the shooting circle for a two-point goal.
A five-per-side game is also common in indoor netball.
Players can move throughout the court, with the exception of the shooting circles, which are restricted to certain attacking or defending players.
Article: Arepa
Section: Abstract

Question: Which vegetable is used to make Arepas?

Arepa () is a flatbread made of ground maize dough or cooked flour prominent in the cuisine of Colombia and Venezuela.
It is eaten daily in those countries and can be served with various accompaniments such as cheese (cuajada), avocado, jelly or jam, or (especially in Venezuela) split and used to make sandwiches.
Various sizes, maize types, and added ingredients are used to vary its preparation.
It is similar in shape to the Mexican "gordita" and the Salvadoran "pupusa".
"Arepas" can also be found in Panama, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and the Canary Islands.
Article: Czech Republic
Section: Military

Question: There are three factions that make up The Armed Forces of the Czech Republic. What are they?

The Czech armed forces consist of the Army, Air Force and of specialized support units.
The president of the Czech Republic is Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.
In 2004 the army transformed itself into a fully professional organization and compulsory military service was abolished.
The country has been a member of NATO since 12 March 1999.
Defense spending is around 1.8% of the GDP (2006).
Currently, as a member of NATO, the Czech military are participating in ISAF and KFOR operations and have soldiers in Afghanistan and Kosovo.
Main equipment includes: multi-role fighters JAS-39 Gripen, combat aircraft Aero L-159 Alca, attack helicopters Mi-24, armored vehicles Pandur II, OT-64, OT-90, BVP-2 and Czech modernized tanks T-72 (T-72M4CZ).
Article: Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Section: Memphis

Question: Did he create a reference to the bomb threat?

King travelled to Memphis, Tennessee in support of striking African American sanitation workers.
The workers had staged a walkout on February 11, 1968, to protest unequal wages and working conditions imposed by then-mayor Henry Loeb.
At the time, Memphis paid black workers significantly lower wages than whites.
In addition, unlike white people, black people received no pay if they stayed home during bad weather; consequently, most black people were compelled to work even in driving rain and snow storms.
On April 3, King returned to Memphis to address a gathering at the Mason Temple (World Headquarters of the Church of God in Christ).
His airline flight to Memphis was delayed by a bomb threat against his plane.
With a thunderstorm raging outside, King delivered the last speech of his life, now known as the "I've Been to the Mountaintop" address.
As he neared the close, he made reference to the bomb threat:
Article: Sailing
Section: Hull trim

Question: What would cause a boat's bow to dig into waves?

Hull trim is the adjustment of a boat's loading so as to change its fore-and-aft attitude in the water.
In small boats, it is done by positioning the crew.
In larger boats the weight of a person has less effect on the hull trim, but it can be adjusted by shifting gear, fuel, water, or supplies.
Different hull trim efforts are required for different kinds of boats and different conditions.
Here are just a few examples: In a lightweight racing dinghy like a Thistle, the hull should be kept level, on its designed water line for best performance in all conditions.
In many small boats, weight too far aft can cause drag by submerging the transom, especially in light to moderate winds.
Weight too far forward can cause the bow to dig into the waves.
In heavy winds, a boat with its bow too low may capsize by pitching forward over its bow (pitch-pole) or dive under the waves (submarine).
On a run in heavy winds, the forces on the sails tend to drive a boat's bow down, so the crew weight is moved far aft.
Article: Chemical reaction
Section: Precipitation

Question: How can the precipitation process be assisted?

Precipitation is the formation of a solid in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction.
It usually takes place when the concentration of dissolved ions exceeds the solubility limit and forms an insoluble salt.
This process can be assisted by adding a precipitating agent or by removal of the solvent.
Rapid precipitation results in an amorphous or microcrystalline residue and slow process can yield single crystals.
The latter can also be obtained by recrystallization from microcrystalline salts.
Article: Where Have You Been
Section: Live performances

Question: At what charity event did Rihanna perform Where Have You Been in 2012?

Rihanna performed "Where Have You Been" for the first time live at the 2012 Post-Grammy Charity Fundraiser, along with "We Found Love", on February 13, 2012.
On April 15, 2012, Rihanna performed the song at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, again with "We Found Love".
On May 5, 2012, Rihanna performed the song on "Saturday Night Live" in the United States.
The performance featured an aesthetic similar to that of the music video; the "SNL" set was decorated in a "One Thousand and One Nights" fashion.
Rihanna and her backup dancers performed a highly choreographed dance routine, the same as the music video, and wore Arabian inspired outfits.
She also performed the song at the 2012 Robin Hood Benefit in New York.
The performance was in "Cleopatra" style.
The singer performed the song on "American Idol"'s season 11 finale on May 23, 2012.
Rihanna performed "Where Have You Been" at Radio 1's Hackney Weekend on June 24, 2012, as the tenth song on the set list.
The performance featured a giant sphinx on the stage.
Article: United Arab Emirates
Section: Sports

Question: Which World Cup did the UAE national cricket team qualify for?

Football is a popular sport in the UAE.
Emirati football clubs Al-Ain, Al-Wasl, Al-Shabbab ACD, Al-Sharjah, Al-Wahda, and Al-Ahli are the most popular teams and enjoy the reputation of long-time regional champions.
The United Arab Emirates Football Association was first established in 1971 and since then has dedicated its time and effort to promoting the game, organizing youth programs and improving the abilities of not only its players, but of the officials and coaches involved with its regional teams.
The UAE national football team qualified for the FIFA World Cup in 1990 with Egypt.
It was the third consecutive World Cup with two Arab nations qualifying, after Kuwait and Algeria in 1982, and Iraq and Algeria again in 1986.
The UAE won the Gulf Cup Championship two times.
They won the first cup in January 2007 held in Abu Dhabi and has won the recent cup in January 2013 held in Bahrain.
Cricket is one of the most popular sports in the UAE, largely because of the expatriate population from the Indian subcontinent, the United Kingdom, and Australia.
The Sharjah Cricket Association Stadium in Sharjah has hosted 4 international test cricket matches so far.
Sheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium in Abu Dhabi also hosted international cricket matches.
Dubai has two cricket stadiums (Dubai Cricket Ground No.1 and No.2) with a third, the DSC Cricket Stadium as part of Dubai Sports City.
Dubai is also home to the International Cricket Council.
The UAE national cricket team qualified for the 1996 Cricket World Cup and narrowly missed out on qualification for the 2007 Cricket World Cup.
Formula One is particularly popular in the United Arab Emirates, and is annually held at the picturesque Yas Marina Circuit.
The race is held at evening time, and is the first ever Grand Prix to start in daylight and finish at night.
Other popular sports include camel racing, falconry, endurance riding, and tennis.
Article: How to Live with Your Parents (For the Rest of Your Life)
Section: Development and production

Question: What actor played the stepmother of Max and Polly's?

In January 2012, ABC placed a pilot order for "How to Live with Your Parents (For the Rest of Your Life)".
Claudia Lonow wrote the pilot episode, and serves as showrunner and head writer.
Lonow also executive produces the series alongside Brian Grazer and Francie Calfo, under their production company Imagine Entertainment.
Casting announcements began in February 2012, with Sarah Chalke first cast in the lead role of Polly, the recently divorced mother who moves back in with her parents.
Jon Dore then joined the series in the role of Julian, Polly's ex-husband.
Following Dore, Elizabeth Perkins signed on to play the role of Elaine, Polly's optimistic and outspoken mother.
Next to board the series was Rachel Eggleston as Natalie, Polly and Julian's six-year-old daughter.
Brad Garrett then joined the series as Max, Polly's stepfather, who owns a successful chain of nightclubs.
Rebecca Delgado Smith boarded the series in the role of Jenn, Polly's co-worker who occasionally helps Polly with her dating problems.
Orlando Jones completed the main cast in the series when he signed on to play the role of Gregg, Polly's married best friend and co-worker.
On May 11, 2012, ABC placed a series order for the comedy.
Shortly after the series order was placed, Rebecca Delgado Smith and Orlando Jones were dropped from the cast.
Smith's role was subsequently recast with Stephanie Hunt.
The series went into production early and the first season was completed by November 2012.
Article: Pablo Picasso
Section: Rose Period

Question: Which type of historian was Kahnweiler?

The Rose Period (1904–1906) is characterised by a more cheery style with orange and pink colours, and featuring many circus people, acrobats and harlequins known in France as saltimbanques.
The harlequin, a comedic character usually depicted in checkered patterned clothing, became a personal symbol for Picasso.
Picasso met Fernande Olivier, a bohemian artist who became his mistress, in Paris in 1904.
Olivier appears in many of his Rose Period paintings, many of which are influenced by his warm relationship with her, in addition to his increased exposure to French painting.
The generally upbeat and optimistic mood of paintings in this period is reminiscent of the 1899–1901 period (i.e.
just prior to the Blue Period) and 1904 can be considered a transition year between the two periods.
By 1905, Picasso became a favourite of American art collectors Leo and Gertrude Stein.
Their older brother Michael Stein and his wife Sarah also became collectors of his work.
Picasso painted portraits of both Gertrude Stein and her nephew Allan Stein.
Gertrude Stein became Picasso's principal patron, acquiring his drawings and paintings and exhibiting them in her informal "Salon" at her home in Paris.
At one of her gatherings in 1905, he met Henri Matisse, who was to become a lifelong friend and rival.
The Steins introduced him to Claribel Cone and her sister Etta who were American art collectors; they also began to acquire Picasso and Matisse's paintings.
Eventually Leo Stein moved to Italy.
Michael and Sarah Stein became patrons of Matisse, while Gertrude Stein continued to collect Picasso.
In 1907 Picasso joined an art gallery that had recently been opened in Paris by Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler.
Kahnweiler was a German art historian and art collector who became one of the premier French art dealers of the 20th century.
He was among the first champions of Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque and the Cubism that they jointly developed.
Kahnweiler promoted burgeoning artists such as André Derain, Kees van Dongen, Fernand Léger, Juan Gris, Maurice de Vlaminck and several others who had come from all over the globe to live and work in Montparnasse at the time.
Article: Johannes Vermeer
Section: References in other media

Question: Which Marcel Proust novel features a character who is working on an essay?

In the first volume of Marcel Proust's novel "In Search of Lost Time", entitled "Swann's Way", the protagonist Charles Swann is said to be working on an extended essay concerning Vermeer's art.
In addition, Vermeer's "View of Delft" features in a pivotal sequence of a later volume, "The Captive", in the same work.
A Vermeer painting plays a key part of the dénouement in Agatha Christie's "After the Funeral" (1953).
Susan Vreeland's novel "Girl in Hyacinthe Blue" follows eight individuals with a relationship to a painting of Vermeer.
The young adult novel "Chasing Vermeer" by Blue Balliett centers around the fictitious theft of Vermeer's "A Lady Writing".
J.P. Smith's novel, "The Discovery of Light", deals largely with Vermeer.
The character of Barney, in Thomas Harris's novel "Hannibal" (1999), has a goal to see every Vermeer painting in the world before he dies.
Tracy Chevalier's novel "Girl with a Pearl Earring" and the film of the same name (2003) are named after the painting; they present a fictional account of its creation by Vermeer and his relationship with the (equally fictional) model.
The film was nominated for Oscars in cinematography, art direction, and costume design.
Peter Greenaway's film "A Zed & Two Noughts" (1985) contains a plot line about an orthopedic surgeon named Van Meegeren who stages highly exact scenes from Vermeer paintings in order to paint copies of them.
The Dutch composer Louis Andriessen based his opera "Writing to Vermeer" (1997–98, libretto by Peter Greenaway) on the domestic life of Vermeer.
The song "No One Was Like Vermeer" from the 2008 album Because Her Beauty Is Raw and Wild by Boston singer-songwriter Jonathan Richman pays tribute to Vermeer's painstaking technique.
Richman also references Vermeer in his song "Vincent Van Gogh" and both songs are frequently part of Richman's live performances.
"Jan Vermeer" is a rockabilly song written by Bob Walkenhorst for his solo album "The Beginner".
David Olney's song "Mister Vermeer" on his 2010 album "Dutchman's Curve" imagines Vermeer's unrequited love for the subject of Girl with a Pearl Earring.
Historian Timothy Brook's "" (2007) examines six of Vermeer's paintings for evidence of world trade and globalization during the Dutch Golden Age.
The 2013 documentary film "Tim's Vermeer" follows inventor Tim Jenison's examination on his theory that Vermeer used optical devices to assist in generating his realistic images
Article: Some Nights
Section: Composition

Question: What band is comparable to Some Nights?

The album and the band's music has received several comparisons to Queen.
"Rolling Stones"'s Jody Rosen, called the album a mix of "close harmony chorales, showy key changes, a dash of Queen here, a dollop of Les Miz there".
In an interview with "Fuse", producer Jeff Bhasker also stated that the album's lead single "We Are Young" "had a Queen/Freddie Mercury vibe to it".
Marcus Glimer of "The A.V.
Club" wrote that the album featured "more synthetic elements and drum machines" than their debut album "Aim and Ignite" and compared the beat to "All Alone" to a hip-hop track.
NPR columnist Daoud Tyler-Ameen commented that the album might be the start of a new phase of music, in which musicians would infuse the "sounds and rhythms once associated with hip-hop" with their pop music.
The album's lyrics have been called "plaintive", for dealing with themes of loneliness, self-worth, introspection, paranoia and existentialism, contrasting with the album's "anthemic" music.
Tyler-Ameen considered the album "remarkable for its sheer optimism", despite the sad and mournful lyrics, Rosen wrote that "Ruess' knack for the anthemic is matched by Gen-Y humor – emo self-deprecation that leavens the bombast".
while Marcus Gilmer praised Ruess' "prose-style lyrics", similar to his work in his previous band, The Format.
Ruess later commented on the importance of lyrics to him, saying that he took "great pride", after he finished writing them.
He also considered most lyrics written by current musicians to be "dumbed down", partially causing "rock music's current woes".
Article: Last Supper
Section: Prediction of Peter's denial

Question: Which person started crying?

In , , and Jesus predicts that Peter will deny knowledge of him, stating that Peter will disown him three times before the rooster crows the next morning.
The three Synoptic Gospels mention that after the arrest of Jesus Peter denied knowing him three times, but after the third denial, heard the rooster crow and recalled the prediction as Jesus turned to look at him.
Peter then began to cry bitterly.
Article: Wake Me Up When September Ends
Section: Abstract

Question: In what year was Wake Me Up When September Ends released?

"Wake Me Up When September Ends" is a song by American rock band Green Day.
It was released in June 2005 as the fourth single from their seventh album, "American Idiot".
The song deals with the death of lead singer Billie Joe Armstrong's father, who died when Armstrong was a child.
The single peaked at number six in the United States, becoming Green Day's third Top 10 single.
It also peaked at #8 in Canada and the UK, while making #13 in Australia.
"Wake Me Up When September Ends" had sold 1,652,000 copies as of May 2010, and was the second highest selling single in the U.S. from "American Idiot", behind only the multi-platinum "Boulevard of Broken Dreams".
The song ended the streak of Green Day's three consecutive #1 hits on the Modern Rock Tracks chart (American Idiot, Boulevard of Broken Dreams and Holiday), but it hit #2 on the chart almost hitting #1 by Gorillaz Feel Good Inc..
The song also hit #2 on the Adult Top 40 and #4 on the Mainstream Top 40.
This was the band's most successful song to the adult contemporary market, hitting #13 on its own chart and their only song to chart other than "Boulevard of Broken Dreams".
The song is certified Silver in the United Kingdom for sales of 200,000
Article: Amélie
Section: Production

Question: Why did they recast Emily Watson's role in Amelie?

In his DVD commentary, Jeunet explains that he originally wrote the role of Amélie for the English actress Emily Watson; in the original draft, Amélie's father was an Englishman living in London.
However, Watson's French was not strong, and when she became unavailable to shoot the film, owing to a conflict with the filming of "Gosford Park", Jeunet rewrote the screenplay for a French actress.
Audrey Tautou was the first actress he auditioned having seen her on the poster for "Venus Beauty Institute".
The movie was filmed mainly in Paris.
The Café des 2 Moulins (15 Rue Lepic, Montmartre, Paris) where Amélie works is a real place.
The filmmakers made use of computer-generated imagery and a digital intermediate.
The studio scenes were filmed in the Coloneum Studio in Cologne (Germany).
The film shares many of the themes in the plot with second half of the 1994 film "Chungking Express".
Article: Doughnut
Section: South Africa

Question: What is a vetkoek served with?

Regional variations.
South Africa.
In South Africa, an Afrikaans variation known as the "koeksister" is popular.
Another variation, similar in name, is the Cape Malay "koesister" being soaked in a spiced syrup and coated in coconut.
It has a texture similar to more traditional doughnuts as opposed to the Afrikaans variety.
A further variation is the "vetkoek", which is also dough deep fried in oil.
It is served with mince, syrup, honey or jam.
Article: Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Section: Abstract

Question: Where is the Tennessee/North Carolina lie?

Great Smoky Mountains National Park is a United States National Park and UNESCO World Heritage Site that straddles the ridgeline of the Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Blue Ridge Mountains, which are a division of the larger Appalachian Mountain chain.
The border between Tennessee and North Carolina runs northeast to southwest through the centerline of the park.
It is the most visited national park in the United States.
On its route from Maine to Georgia, the Appalachian Trail also passes through the center of the park.
The park was chartered by the United States Congress in 1934 and officially dedicated by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1940.
It encompasses , making it one of the largest protected areas in the eastern United States.
The main park entrances are located along U.S. Highway 441 (Newfound Gap Road) at the towns of Gatlinburg, Tennessee, and Cherokee, North Carolina.
It was the first national park whose land and other costs were paid for in part with federal funds; previous parks were funded wholly with state money or private funds.