community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Pakistan
Section: Clothing and fashion

Question: Where is the Pakistan Fashion Design Council based?

The shalwar kameez is the national dress of Pakistan and is worn by men and women in all four provinces Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa and FATA in the country and in Azad Kashmir.
Each province has its own style of wearing the Shalwar Qameez.
Pakistanis wairclothes range from exquisite colors and designs to the type of fabric (silk, chiffon, cotton, etc.
Pakistani fashion has flourished well in the changing environment of fashion world.
Since Pakistan came into being its fashion has been historically evolved from different phases and made its unique identity apart from Indian fashion and culture.
At this time, Pakistani fashion is a combination of traditional and modern dresses and it has become the cultural identification of Pakistan.
Despite of all modern trends, the regional and traditional dresses have developed their own significance as a symbol of native tradition.
This regional fashion is not static but evolving into more modern and pure forms.
The Pakistan Fashion Design Council based in Lahore organizes "Fashion Week" and Fashion Pakistan based in Karachi organizes fashion shows in that city.
Pakistan’s first fashion week was held in November 2009.
Article: The Thinker
Section: Abstract

Question: Was 1880 the year Robin conceived the figure?

The Thinker ("") is a bronze sculpture by Auguste Rodin, usually placed on a stone pedestal.
The work shows a nude male figure of over life-size sitting on a rock with his chin resting on one hand as though deep in thought, and is often used as an image to represent philosophy.
There are about 28 full size castings, in which the figure is about high, though not all were made during Rodin's lifetime and under his supervision, as well as various other versions, several in plaster, studies, and posthumous castings, in a range of sizes.
Rodin first conceived the figure as part of another work in 1880, but the first of the familiar monumental bronze castings did not appear until 1904.
Article: The Holocaust
Section: Homosexuals

Question: How many gays were in concentration camps?

Between 5,000 and 15,000 homosexuals of German nationality are estimated to have been sent to concentration camps.
James D. Steakley writes that what mattered in Germany was criminal intent or character, rather than criminal acts, and the ""gesundes Volksempfinden"" ("healthy sensibility of the people") became the leading normative legal principle.
In 1936, Himmler created the Reich Central Office for the Combating of Homosexuality and Abortion.
Homosexuality was declared contrary to "wholesome popular sentiment," and homosexuals were consequently regarded as "defilers of German blood."
The Gestapo raided gay bars, tracked individuals using the address books of those they arrested, used the subscription lists of gay magazines to find others, and encouraged people to report suspected homosexual behavior and to scrutinize the behavior of their neighbors.
Tens of thousands were convicted between 1933 and 1944 and sent to camps for "rehabilitation", where they were identified by yellow armbands and later pink triangles worn on the left side of the jacket and the right trouser leg, which singled them out for sexual abuse.
Hundreds were castrated by court order.
They were humiliated, tortured, used in hormone experiments conducted by SS doctors, and killed.
Steakley writes that the full extent of gay suffering was slow to emerge after the war.
Many victims kept their stories to themselves because homosexuality remained criminalized in postwar Germany.
Around two percent of German homosexuals were persecuted by Nazis.
Article: The Thinker
Section: Origins

Question: Who is the model for the statue "The Thinker?"

Originally named "The Poet" (""), the "Thinker" was initially a figure in a large commission, begun in 1880, for a doorway surround called "The Gates of Hell".
Rodin based this on "The Divine Comedy" of Dante, and most of the many figures in the work represented the main characters in the epic poem.
Some critics believe "The Thinker", at the centre of the composition over the doorway and at about 70 cm high larger than most other figures, was originally intended to depict Dante at the Gates of Hell, pondering his great poem.
However, there are questionable aspects to this interpretation, including that the figure is naked, Dante is fully clothed throughout his poem, and that the figure, as used, in no way corresponds to Dante's effete figure.
The sculpture is nude, as Rodin wanted a heroic figure in the tradition of Michelangelo, to represent intellect as well as poetry.
This detail from the "Gates of Hell" was first named "The Thinker" by foundry workers, who noted its similarity to Michelangelo's statue of Lorenzo de Medici called """" (The Thinker).
Rodin decided to treat the figure as an independent work, at a larger size.
The figure was designed to be seen from below, and is normally displayed on a fairly high plinth, though the heights chosen by the various owners for these vary considerably.
Article: We Found Love
Section: Recognition and awards

Question: Who penned We found love?

MTV chose "We Found Love" as the third best song of 2011, and "Video of the Year" at the MTV Video Music Awards 2012.
The writers of the website further commented, "The leadoff single from "Talk That Talk" is where Rihanna fully embraced EDM.
Produced by Calvin Harris, 'We Found Love' is a swirling party track about love and loss, the rare song that manages to be sad and joyous all at once.
And it is a pinnacle of the pop/dance crossover, a throwback to '90s raves that could make even the most stoic lover of pop want to break out a glow stick and just dance.
Rob Sheffield of "Rolling Stone" put "We Found Love" at number eleven on his list of Top 25 Songs of 2011 commenting, "While her other hits tried to camouflage her spindly voice, here it just strains for that spindly melody."
It was named the third biggest love song of all time by "Billboard".
Article: The Mentalist
Section: Synopsis

Question: Who is the lead character in The Mentalist?

The series follows Patrick Jane, an independent consultant for the California Bureau of Investigation (CBI) based in Sacramento, California.
Although not an officer of the law, he uses skills from his former career as a successful yet admittedly fraudulent psychic medium to help a team of CBI agents solve murders.
The ultimate goal of Patrick Jane in his cooperation with the CBI is to track down the killer known as "Red John," who was responsible for the brutal murders of his wife and daughter.
Jane formerly had a lucrative career as a con man, successfully posing as a psychic medium and enjoying near-celebrity status.
Five years before the events in the show's pilot episode, he appeared on television to claim that his paranormal abilities helped the police profile a serial killer named Red John.
Red John, angered by the perceived slight, murdered Jane's wife and young daughter in revenge.
Jane subsequently abandoned his job as a psychic and teamed with the CBI, using his skills to help them solve various crimes.
His main focus is on the cases involving Red John or Red John copycats.
He admits to faking the supernatural aspects of his skills, often asserting that "there's no such thing as psychics," yet he has finely honed skills in cold reading, hypnosis, and pickpocketing, as well as powerful observational skill and a deep insight into the human psyche and behavior.
His last act at CBI was to finally find Red John and kill him.
After spending two years off the grid, Jane cut a deal with the FBI to work for them, bringing with him former CBI Senior Agent Teresa Lisbon, the only person who seems to be able to keep Jane's theatrics and lack of boundaries under control.
Jane and Lisbon work with their former fellow CBI agent Kimball Cho, FBI Agent Kim Fischer, are supervised by the no-nonsense Agent Dennis Abbott and are now based in Austin, Texas.
The rest of the former CBI team, Wayne Rigsby and Grace Van Pelt, have started their own security firm, but keep in touch with their former colleagues.
Article: Ice hockey
Section: Pond hockey

Question: Where are the US Pond Hockey championships played?

Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter.
Pond hockey is commonly referred to in hockey circles as shinny.
Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities.
Since 2002, the World Pond Hockey Championship has been played on Roulston Lake in Plaster Rock, New Brunswick, Canada.
Since 2006, the U.S. Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Canadian National Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Huntsville, Ontario.
Article: Cereal
Section: Abstract

Question: Cereal was derived from the name of which Roman Goddess?

A cereal is a grass, a member of the monocot family Poaceae, cultivated for the edible components of its grain (botanically, a type of fruit called a caryopsis), composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran.
Cereal grains are grown in greater quantities and provide more food energy worldwide than any other type of crop; they are therefore staple crops.
In their natural form (as in "whole grain"), they are a rich source of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, oils, and protein.
However, when refined by the removal of the bran and germ, the remaining endosperm is mostly carbohydrate and lacks the majority of the other nutrients.
In some developing nations, grain in the form of rice, wheat, millet, or maize constitutes a majority of daily sustenance.
In developed nations, cereal consumption is moderate and varied but still substantial.
The word "cereal" derives from "Ceres", the name of the Roman goddess of harvest and agriculture.
Article: Moonrise Kingdom
Section: Critical response

Question: What was written about moonrise kingdom in the atlantic?

Critical response.
"Moonrise Kingdom" received widespread acclaim; review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a rating of 94% based on reviews from 223 critics, with an average score of 8.2/10.
Review aggregation website Metacritic gives the film a weighted average score of 84 (out of 100), based on 43 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".
Peter Bradshaw of "The Guardian" gives the film 4 stars out of 5, calling it "another sprightly confection of oddities, attractively eccentric, witty and strangely clothed."
Christopher Orr of "The Atlantic" wrote that "Moonrise Kingdom" "captures the texture of childhood summers, the sense of having a limited amount of time in which to do unlimited things" and is "Anderson's best live-action feature" because "it takes as its primary subject matter odd, precocious children, rather than the damaged and dissatisfied adults they will one day become.
"Kristen M. Jones of "Film Comment" wrote that the film "has a spontaneity and yearning that lend an easy comic rhythm", but it also has a "rapt quality, as if we are viewing the events through Suzy's binoculars or reading the story under the covers by a flashlight."
Article: Anatomy
Section: Vertebrate anatomy

Question: What is used to make nervous tissue?

All vertebrates are built along the basic chordate body plan: a stiff rod running through the length of the animal (vertebral column or notochord), with a hollow tube of nervous tissue, the spinal cord above it and the gastrointestinal tract below.
Nervous tissue is derived from the ectoderm, connective tissues are derived from mesoderm, and gut is derived from the endoderm.
At the posterior end is a tail which continues the spinal cord and vertebrae but not the gut.
The mouth is found at the anterior end of the animal, and the anus at the base of the tail.
The defining characteristic of a vertebrate is the vertebral column, in which the notochord has been replaced by a segmented series of stiffer elements (vertebrae) separated by mobile joints (intervertebral discs), which each contain a soft central core (nucleus pulposus), derived from the notochord of the embryo.
However, a few vertebrates have secondarily lost this anatomy, retaining the notochord into adulthood.
These include the sturgeon and the coelacanth.
Jawed vertebrates are typified by paired appendages, fins or legs, which may be secondarily lost.
The limbs of vertebrates are considered to be homologous because the same underlying skeletal structure was inherited from their last common ancestor.
This is one of the arguments put forward by Charles Darwin to support his theory of evolution.
Article: Louisiana Purchase
Section: Abstract

Question: Did Sweden start the revolt and war with Britain during the Louisiana Purchase?

The Louisiana Purchase ( "Sale of Louisiana") was the acquisition by the United States of America in 1803 of of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana.
The U.S. paid 50 million francs ($11,250,000) plus cancellation of debts worth 18 million francs ($3,750,000), for a total sum of 15 million dollars (around 4 cents per acre) for the Louisiana territory ($ million in dollars, less than 42 cents per acre).
The Louisiana territory encompassed all or part of 15 present U.S. states and two Canadian provinces.
The land purchased contained all of present-day Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska; parts of Minnesota that were west of the Mississippi River; most of North Dakota; most of South Dakota; northeastern New Mexico; northern Texas; the portions of Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado east of the Continental Divide; Louisiana west of the Mississippi River, including the city of New Orleans; and small portions of land that would eventually become part of the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan.
France controlled this vast area from 1699 until 1762, the year it gave the territory to its ally Spain.
Under Napoleon Bonaparte, France took back the territory in 1800 in the hope of building an empire in North America.
A slave revolt in Haiti and an impending war with Britain, however, led France to abandon these plans and sell the entire territory to the United States, which had originally intended only to seek the purchase of New Orleans and its adjacent lands.
The purchase of the territory of Louisiana took place during the presidency of Thomas Jefferson.
At the time, the purchase faced domestic opposition because it was thought to be unconstitutional.
Although he agreed that the U.S. Constitution did not contain provisions for acquiring territory, Jefferson decided to go ahead with the purchase anyway in order to remove France's presence in the region and to protect both U.S. trade access to the port of New Orleans and free passage on the Mississippi River.
Article: Croquet
Section: Captain Moreton's Eglinton Castle

Question: The earliest known reference to croquet in Scotland is named what?

The earliest known reference to croquet in Scotland is the booklet "The Game of Croquet, its Laws and Regulations" which was published in the mid-1860s for the proprietor of Eglinton Castle, the Earl of Eglinton.
On the page facing the title page is a picture of Eglinton Castle with a game of "croquet" in full swing.
The croquet lawn existed on the northern terrace, between Eglinton Castle and the Lugton Water.
The 13th Earl developed a variation on croquet named Captain Moreton's Eglinton Castle croquet, which had small bells on the eight hoops "to ring the changes", two pegs, a double hoop with a bell and two tunnels for the ball to pass through.
In 1865 the 'Rules of the Eglinton Castle and Cassiobury Croquet' was published by Edmund Routledge.
Several incomplete sets of this form of croquet are known to exist, and one complete set is still used for demonstration games in the West of Scotland.
It is not known why the earl named the game thus.
Article: Hersheypark
Section: Minetown

Question: What is the only place in the park where alcohol is served?

Minetown was modeled to resemble a mining town, just as its name says.
The section was officially opened in 1990 with the additions of Convoy, Red Baron, Flying Falcon and Dinosaur-Go-Round.
All except Dinosaur-Go-Round are still in the area; Dinosaur-Go-Round was moved to Founder’s Circle for the 2007 season so the Frog Hoppers could be moved to its location to make room for the Boardwalk.
The section features many classic Hersheypark attractions, including the Sunoco Twin Turnpike, Coal Cracker log flume, Kissing Tower and Great Bear.
It is also home to the Minetown Arcade, Minetown Restaurant, Hersheypark Amphitheater, Hersheypark Aquatheater and the Hersheypark entrance to ZooAmerica.
The Minetown Restaurant is a cafeteria style place, and is the only area in the park where alcohol is served.
Article: Viva la Vida
Section: Release and promotion

Question: What year was Viva la Vida performed live for the first time?

"Viva la Vida" was initially released only with iTunes Store pre-orders of "Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends" on 7 May 2008 – the "new edit" version of the song – which led to the song's temporary exclusion from the UK Singles Chart.
It was released as a download-only single on 25 May 2008, and a physical CD single in Europe on 29 July 2008 to coincide with the release of the single's music videos.
"Viva la Vida" was well-downloaded in the internet, becoming iTunes' best-selling song of 2008.
From 24 December 2008 to 5 January 2009 an official remix of the song by producer Stuart Price, named the "Thin White Duke Mix", was given away for free as a Christmas gift via the band's website.
The song was used as part of Apple Inc.'s iPod + iTunes advertisement campaign.
Coldplay performed the song live for the first time at the 2008 MTV Movie Awards.
It has since gone on to make many media appearances, including being featured throughout the episode from the paranormal drama "Medium", as a song played on the radio in the episode "We're Not in Kansas Anymore" from the teen drama "90210", used as bumper music on Bill Bennett's "Morning in America" radio talk show, and on the international soundtrack to the Brazilian soap opera "A Favorita" which helped push "Viva la Vida" up the charts in Brazil, where the telenovela been shown.
"Viva la Vida" was the entrance music for Birmingham City Football Club during the 2009–2010 season, but was quickly dropped after negative response by the supporters.
In 2009, Solange Knowles covered the song.
Lady Gaga also covered the song for BBC Radio 1.
A live version of the song appeared on Coldplay's 2009 live album "LeftRightLeftRightLeft".
Pet Shop Boys also performed the song live on their 2009 Pandemonium Tour and the song appeared on their Christmas EP.
It was also used in an episode entitled "Million Dollar Maybe" of "The Simpsons".
The song was covered in the seventh series of "The X Factor" by the boyband One Direction in 2010.
Article: Galbi
Section: History

Question: Galbi uses what ingredients?

The ingredients (often, ribs or meats) are marinated in a sauce made primarily from soy sauce, garlic, and sugar.
However, several variations on the marinade exist, including recipes that utilize sesame oil, rice wine or hot pepper paste.
Fruit juice, lemon-lime soda and honey have become more common additions to Korean marinades in recent years, and is present in some incarnations of the dish.
When cooked on a griddle or grill, the meat is usually cut in thin slices across the bones.
This style of cut, called L.A. Galbi, permits the marinade to penetrate the meat faster.
It also allows the meat to cook more quickly, creates a more tender cut, and makes it easier to eat the finished dish with chopsticks.
The traditional cut is called Wang Galbi, literally meaning King Ribs.
In this version, the ribs are cut into 2 to 5 inch segments, and the meat is filleted in layers away from the bone to form a uniformly thin layer.
Wang Galbi is usually what is served in traditional Korean restaurants, as the traditional cut is considered more genuine.
Rarely, if ever, are L.A. Galbi served at top establishments.
Pre-cut galbi is available from many meat markets in Korea and elsewhere.
"Galbi" is generally served in restaurants known as "galbi houses", and the meat is cooked right at customers' tables on grills set in the tables (usually by the customers themselves).
It is typically served with lettuce, perilla, or other leafy vegetables used to wrap the meat, which is then dipped in "ssamjang" (쌈장), a sauce made of fermented bean paste and red pepper paste.
It is often accompanied by side dishes known as banchan.
Many Korean dishes incorporate ribs, including soups and stews.
Some restaurants serve "pork galbi", and chicken galbi is a specialty of the Chuncheon region.
"Galbitang" is a clear soup containing pieces of "galbi".
"Galbi jjigae" is a thick stew with many large pieces of galbi, usually single bone cuts, which may also contain red peppers, green peppers, kimchi, and "doenjang" (Korean bean paste).
"Galbi Jjim" is short ribs braised in a sweet soy sauce based sauce.
Article: She Will Be Loved
Section: Abstract

Question: Which album was "She Will be Loved" released on?

"She Will Be Loved" is the third single on the American band Maroon 5's 2002 debut album, "Songs About Jane".
Released in 2004, the single peaked at #5 in the United States, and by December 2012 had sold more than 2,722,000 digital downloads.
It peaked at #4 in the United Kingdom.
In Australia, it reached #1, a position it held for 5 non-consecutive weeks.
The single is noted for its music video starring Kelly Preston.
The song proved as successful as the band's previous hits, "This Love" and "Harder to Breathe", hitting number 1 on the Mainstream Top 40 and Adult Top 40 charts, but it prompted many alternative radio outlets to remove Maroon 5 from their playlists, on the ground that the band's newer songs were too light for alt-rock audiences.
These stations continued to play "Harder to Breathe" and "This Love", but Maroon 5's newer hits were played only on pop and adult contemporary stations.
Article: Telescope
Section: Gamma-ray telescopes

Question: At what photon energy level does the index of refraction start to increase again?

Higher energy X-ray and Gamma-ray telescopes refrain from focusing completely and use coded aperture masks: the patterns of the shadow the mask creates can be reconstructed to form an image.X-ray and Gamma-ray telescopes are usually on Earth-orbiting satellites or high-flying balloons since the Earth's atmosphere is opaque to this part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
However, high energy X-rays and gamma-rays do not form an image in the same way as telescopes at visible wavelengths.
An example of this type of telescope is the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope.
The detection of very high energy gamma rays, with shorter wavelength and higher frequency than regular gamma rays, requires further specialization.
An example of this type of observatory is VERITAS.
Very high energy gamma-rays are still photons, like visible light, whereas cosmic rays includes particles like electrons, protons, and heavier nuclei.
A discovery in 2012 may allow focusing gamma-ray telescopes.
At photon energies greater than 700 keV, the index of refraction starts to increase again.
Article: Assassination of John F. Kennedy
Section: Funeral

Question: Where and when did the John F. Kennedy's state funeral take place?

The state funeral took place in Washington, DC during the three days that followed the assassination.
The body of President Kennedy was brought back to Washington, D.C. and placed in the East Room of the White House for 24 hours.
On the Sunday after the assassination, his coffin was carried on a horse-drawn caisson to the U.S. Capitol to lie in state.
Throughout the day and night, hundreds of thousands lined up to view the guarded casket.
Representatives from over 90 countries attended the state funeral on Monday, November 25.
After the Requiem Mass at St. Matthew's Cathedral, the late President was laid to rest at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia.