community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Blackfish (film)
Section: SeaWorld response

Question: Why did SeaWorld file against the DoL for the OSHA worker?

SeaWorld Entertainment refused to take part in the production of "Blackfish", and later claimed the film was inaccurate, saying in a statement:SeaWorld responded further with an open letter rebutting the claims.
The Oceanic Preservation Society and The Orca Project, a non-profit focusing on orca in captivity, responded with open letters criticizing SeaWorld's claims.
Marine researcher Debbie Giles also offered rebuttals to SeaWorld, finding its assertions inaccurate.
SeaWorld also created a section of its website titled "Truth About Blackfish," addressing the claims stated above and highlighting other problems with the film:
The implication that SeaWorld separates mothers and very young calves, pointing out that Tillikum was not collected by SeaWorld; that Takara was 12 years old when moved and Kalina was moved when she was over 4 years old.
The inclusion of a SeaWorld video of a female trainer riding a killer whale, while one of the cast members, Samantha Berg, talks about her experience at Shamu Stadium, pointing out that the segment implies that Berg had relevant experience when the video used in the film was actually shot 10 years "after" Berg had left SeaWorld (The trainer depicted in the video is not Berg but rather a current SeaWorld employee at the time of "Blackfish"'s production).
The film's use of animal rights activists who have aggressively campaigned against marine mammal display and have no expertise with killer whale behavior in captivity, specifically Howard Garrett, Lori Marino and Ken Balcomb; the film's reliance on statements by David Duffus, a professor of geography whom Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Judge Kenneth Welsch found "has no expertise in the training of captive killer whales."
The film's use of false and misleading statements about the circumstances of Brancheau’s death, specifically the opening sequence's separate generic training and performance footage edited together and synched with actual 911 calls, "to mislead the audience into believing it is viewing the actual footage of Ms. Brancheau swimming with Tilikum prior to the fatal incident," when the opening sequence does not depict either Brancheau or Tilikum, or even an attack, and that no one was ever allowed to swim in the water with Tilikum, including Brancheau; and the use of an edited recording of an EMT technician, subsequently proved to be mistaken, suggesting that Tilikum swallowed Brancheau’s arm during the attack.
On February 27, 2014, SeaWorld filed a complaint with the U.S. Department of Labor, claiming the Occupational Safety and Health Administration investigator who investigated Brancheau's death had behaved unethically by aiding the filmmakers.
Cowperthwaite denied claims of improper collaboration.
In March 2014, Cowperthwaite responded with rebuttals to several but not all of SeaWorld's website claims and challenged SeaWorld to a public debate.
Article: Biomolecule
Section: Apoenzymes

Question: What is an example of an organic cofactor?

An apoenzyme (or, generally, an apoprotein) is the protein without any small-molecule cofactors, substrates, or inhibitors bound.
It is often important as an inactive storage, transport, or secretory form of a protein.
This is required, for instance, to protect the secretory cell from the activity of that protein.
Apoenzymes becomes active enzymes on addition of a cofactor.
Cofactors can be either inorganic (e.g., metal ions and iron-sulfur clusters) or organic compounds, (e.g., flavin and heme).
Organic cofactors can be either prosthetic groups, which are tightly bound to an enzyme, or coenzymes, which are released from the enzyme's active site during the reaction.
Article: 30 Rock
Section: Conception

Question: What person is the president of NBC Entertainment?

Development and production.
In 2002, Fey was the head writer and a performer on the television show "Saturday Night Live" ("SNL").
She pitched the show that became "30 Rock" to NBC, originally as a sitcom about cable news.
NBC Entertainment president Kevin Reilly felt that "Fey was using the news setting as a fig leaf for her own experience and encouraged her to write what she knew."
The show was subsequently reworked to revolve around an "SNL"-style sketch show.
After being presented to Reilly once more, the show was set to air during the 2005–2006 television season.
Just before the deal went through, however, the show was nearly brushed aside by Anthony Lewis and Jack Melcher, two NBC executives who fought the idea, fearing that Fey's removal from "SNL" would result in a severe cut to the show's ratings.
Eventually, Lewis gave in just a month before his retirement, and Melcher backed down.
In May 2003, Fey signed a contract with NBC to remain in her "SNL" head writer position until at least the 2004–2005 television season and to develop a prime-time project to be produced by Broadway Video and NBC Universal.
Filming was postponed due to Tina Fey's first pregnancy.
During the 2004–2005 pilot season, a pilot was announced named "Untitled Tina Fey Project".
The "30 Rock" pilot focused on the boss of a variety show who has to manage her relationships with the show's volatile star and its charismatic executive producer.
The storyline evolved into one that dealt with a head writer of a variety show who dealt with both the stars as well as the show's new network executive.
"30 Rock" was officially given the green light to air May 15, 2006, along with a 13-episode order.
The series underwent further changes during the months leading up to and following its debut.
A May 2006 press release mentioned that sketches from "The Girlie Show" would be made available in their entirety on NBC's broadband website, DotComedy.com.
The idea was to air the fictitious "TGS with Tracy Jordan" online.
This aspect of the series was abandoned prior to its debut.
Article: Wake in Fright
Section: Plot

Question: What did grant want to pay off with his winnings?

John Grant is a middle-class teacher from the big city.
He feels disgruntled because of the onerous terms of a financial bond which he signed with the government in return for receiving a tertiary education.
The bond has forced him to accept a post to the tiny school at Tiboonda, a remote township in the arid Australian Outback.
It is the start of the Christmas school holidays and Grant plans on going to Sydney to visit his girlfriend but first, however, he must travel by train to the nearby mining town of Bundanyabba (known as “The Yabba”) in order to catch a Sydney-bound flight.
At "The Yabba", Grant encounters several disconcerting residents including a policeman, Jock Crawford, who encourages Grant to drink repeated glasses of beer before introducing him to the local obsession with the gambling game of two-up.
Hoping to win enough money to pay off his bond and escape his "slavery" as an outback teacher, Grant at first has a winning streak playing two-up but then loses all his cash.
Unable now to leave "The Yabba", Grant finds himself dependent on the charity of bullying strangers while being drawn into the crude and hard-drinking lifestyle of the town's residents.
Grant reluctantly goes drinking with a resident named Tim Hynes (Al Thomas) and goes to Tim's house.
Here he meets Tim's daughter, Janette.
While he and Janette talk, several men who have gathered at the house for a drinking session question Grant's masculinity, asking: “What's the matter with him?
He'd rather talk to a woman than drink beer.” Janette then tries to initiate an awkward sexual episode with Grant, who vomits.
Grant finds refuge of a sort, staying at the shack of an alcoholic medical practitioner known as "Doc" Tydon.
Doc tells him that he and many others have had sex with Janette.
He also gives Grant pills from his medical kit, ostensibly to cure Grant's hangover.
Later, a drunk Grant participates in a barbaric kangaroo hunt with Doc and Doc's friends Dick and Joe.
The hunt culminates in Grant clumsily stabbing a wounded kangaroo to death, followed by a pointless drunken brawl between Dick and Joe and the vandalizing of a bush pub.
At night's end, Grant returns to Doc's shack, where Doc apparently initiates a homosexual encounter between the two.
A repulsed Grant leaves the next morning and walks across the desert.
He tries to hitch-hike to Sydney, but accidentally boards a truck that takes him straight back to "The Yabba".
He contemplates shooting Doc, but instead attempts suicide.
Grant recovers in hospital from his suicide attempt and Doc sees him off at "The Yabba's" rail station.
He returns to Tiboonda for the new school year.
Article: Wake in Fright
Section: Plot

Question: Why does John Grant feel disgruntled?

John Grant is a middle-class teacher from the big city.
He feels disgruntled because of the onerous terms of a financial bond which he signed with the government in return for receiving a tertiary education.
The bond has forced him to accept a post to the tiny school at Tiboonda, a remote township in the arid Australian Outback.
It is the start of the Christmas school holidays and Grant plans on going to Sydney to visit his girlfriend but first, however, he must travel by train to the nearby mining town of Bundanyabba (known as “The Yabba”) in order to catch a Sydney-bound flight.
At "The Yabba", Grant encounters several disconcerting residents including a policeman, Jock Crawford, who encourages Grant to drink repeated glasses of beer before introducing him to the local obsession with the gambling game of two-up.
Hoping to win enough money to pay off his bond and escape his "slavery" as an outback teacher, Grant at first has a winning streak playing two-up but then loses all his cash.
Unable now to leave "The Yabba", Grant finds himself dependent on the charity of bullying strangers while being drawn into the crude and hard-drinking lifestyle of the town's residents.
Grant reluctantly goes drinking with a resident named Tim Hynes (Al Thomas) and goes to Tim's house.
Here he meets Tim's daughter, Janette.
While he and Janette talk, several men who have gathered at the house for a drinking session question Grant's masculinity, asking: “What's the matter with him?
He'd rather talk to a woman than drink beer.” Janette then tries to initiate an awkward sexual episode with Grant, who vomits.
Grant finds refuge of a sort, staying at the shack of an alcoholic medical practitioner known as "Doc" Tydon.
Doc tells him that he and many others have had sex with Janette.
He also gives Grant pills from his medical kit, ostensibly to cure Grant's hangover.
Later, a drunk Grant participates in a barbaric kangaroo hunt with Doc and Doc's friends Dick and Joe.
The hunt culminates in Grant clumsily stabbing a wounded kangaroo to death, followed by a pointless drunken brawl between Dick and Joe and the vandalizing of a bush pub.
At night's end, Grant returns to Doc's shack, where Doc apparently initiates a homosexual encounter between the two.
A repulsed Grant leaves the next morning and walks across the desert.
He tries to hitch-hike to Sydney, but accidentally boards a truck that takes him straight back to "The Yabba".
He contemplates shooting Doc, but instead attempts suicide.
Grant recovers in hospital from his suicide attempt and Doc sees him off at "The Yabba's" rail station.
He returns to Tiboonda for the new school year.
Article: Metropolitan Museum of Art
Section: Robert Lehman Collection

Question: What is different about the Robert Lehman collection compared to other departments at the Met?

On the passing of banker Robert Lehman in 1969, his Foundation donated 2,600 works of art to the museum.
Housed in the "Robert Lehman Wing," the museum refers to the collection as "one of the most extraordinary private art collections ever assembled in the United States".
To emphasize the personal nature of the Robert Lehman Collection, the Met housed the collection in a special set of galleries which evoked the interior of Lehman's richly decorated townhouse; this intentional separation of the Collection as a "museum within the museum" met with mixed criticism and approval at the time, though the acquisition of the collection was seen as a coup for the Met.
Unlike other departments at the Met, the Robert Lehman collection does not concentrate on a specific style or period of art; rather, it reflects Lehman's personal interests.
Lehman the collector concentrated heavily on paintings of the Italian Renaissance, particularly the Sienese school.
Paintings in the collection include masterpieces by Botticelli and Domenico Veneziano, as well as works by a significant number of Spanish painters, El Greco and Goya among them.
Lehman's collection of drawings by the Old Masters, featuring works by Rembrandt and Dürer, is particularly valuable for its breadth and quality.
Princeton University Press has documented the massive collection in a multi-volume book series published as "The Robert Lehman Collection Catalogues".
Article: Squash (sport)
Section: Types of shots played

Question: How do you explain a reverse angle?

There are many types of shots played that lead to interesting games and strategy.
 Straight drive: The ball is hit parallel and close to a side wall to travel deep to the back of the court (the 'basic' squash shot).
Often referred to as a 'good length' shot.
 Boast: The ball is played off a side wall at an angle, or the back wall, before hitting the front wall.
 Volley: The ball is hit 'on the full' (before it touches the floor), usually directly to the front wall
 Drop shot: The ball is hit gently against the front wall, to fall softly to the floor in the front corner.
 Lob: The ball is hit softly and high on the front wall and with a high arc, so that it falls in a back corner of the court.
 Cross Court: The ball is hit to the front wall from the right side to the left (or vice versa).
 Kill: The ball is hit hard and low on the front wall so that it travels no farther than half court.
 Trickle boast: A 'short' boast where the ball is hit to the side wall at the front of the court (often disguised as a drive or drop shot).
 Squeeze boast: A more difficult shot which is hit from the front of the court when the ball is very close to the side wall.
Has the same effect as the trickle boast but is more deceptive because of its difficulty.
 Nick shot: the ball is 'volleyed' or hit off a bounce to strike the front wall then the junction of the side wall and floor (the 'nick') giving the ball little or no bounce.
 Rolling nick shot: When the nick shot is hit extremely well, the ball will roll along the floor (this is a more advanced shot that is a variation of the kill shot).
 Back wall boast: the ball is hit moderately hard and high off the back wall, so that it goes the length of the room and hits (usually low) off the front wall.
 Philadelphia (or corkscrew): A shot played diagonally upwards into the front corner hitting the front wall first and then the side wall.
The ball then lobs over the court with significant spin.
Ideally it hits the opposite side wall at the back and travels parallel to the rear wall making a return very difficult.
This shot is a favourite in exhibition squash but is susceptible to being volleyed.
 Skid boast: A shot played from the back corners of the court where the ball is hit high along the sidewall with a small angle so that it hits the sidewall first, then hits high in the middle of the front wall continuing to cross the court while high in the air ideally hitting the opposite sidewall and landing close to the backwall to go past the opponent.
As with the Philadelphia it is suceptible to being volleyed.
 Mizuki: This shot is hit as a volley.
Unlike a normal volley, the Mizuki shot is hit with the other side of the racquet by turning the wrist which deceives the direction of the ball.
 Reverse angle: a boast where the opposite sidewall is hit first.
Article: British Museum
Section: British Museum Press

Question: When was the Research Publications series started?

 Press.
The British Museum Press (BMP) is the publishing business and a division of the British Museum Company Ltd, a company and a charity (established in 1973) wholly owned by the Trustees of the British Museum.
The BMP publishes both popular and scholarly illustrated books to accompany the exhibition programme and explore aspects of the general collection.
Profits from their sales goes to support the British Museum.
Scholarly titles are published in the Research Publications series, all of which are peer-reviewed.
This series was started in 1978 and was originally called Occasional Papers.
The series is designed to disseminate research on items in the collection.
Between six and eight titles are published each year in this series.
Article: Atomic number
Section: The proton and the idea of nuclear electrons

Question: What charge do alpha particle have?

In 1915 the reason for nuclear charge being quantized in units of Z, which were now recognized to be the same as the element number, was not understood.
An old idea called Prout's hypothesis had postulated that the elements were all made of residues (or "protyles") of the lightest element hydrogen, which in the Bohr-Rutherford model had a single electron and a nuclear charge of one.
However, as early as 1907 Rutherford and Thomas Royds had shown that alpha particles, which had a charge of +2, were the nuclei of helium atoms, which had a mass four times that of hydrogen, not two times.
If Prout's hypothesis were true, something had to be neutralizing some of the charge of the hydrogen nuclei present in the nuclei of heavier atoms.
In 1917 Rutherford succeeded in generating hydrogen nuclei from a nuclear reaction between alpha particles and nitrogen gas, and believed he had proven Prout's law.
He called the new heavy nuclear particles protons in 1920 (alternate names being proutons and protyles).
It had been immediately apparent from the work of Moseley that the nuclei of heavy atoms have more than twice as much mass as would be expected from their being made of hydrogen nuclei, and thus there was required a hypothesis for the neutralization of the extra protons presumed present in all heavy nuclei.
A helium nucleus was presumed to be composed of four protons plus two "nuclear electrons" (electrons bound inside the nucleus) to cancel two of the charges.
At the other end of the periodic table, a nucleus of gold with a mass 197 times that of hydrogen, was thought to contain 118 nuclear electrons in the nucleus to give it a residual charge of + 79, consistent with its atomic number.
Article: Six Flags
Section: TV Commercials

Question: When did Six Flags start airing commercials linking together all of their parks?

In 2004, Six Flags began a series of commercials linking all of the parks.
The commercials were notable for a new mascot, "Mr. Six", an apparently feeble old man in a tuxedo and red bow tie.
In many of the commercials, Mr. Six would slowly exit a multi-colored bus, only to start frenetically dancing to the Vengaboys' "We Like to Party".
The commercials were an immediate hit and Mr. Six almost instantly became the official mascot, although he was initially retired after the 2005 season.
These ads have become widely parodied on the Internet, with faces from other Internet memes being superimposed over Mr. Six's face.
From 2008 to 2010, Six Flags' TV ads have a "Fun-O-Meter" in which the beginning of the ad may show something boring or embarrassing and a man's face judges it "One Flag!"
or sometimes "Two Flags!"
Then roller coasters and attractions of Six Flags are shown and says "Six Flags, More Flags, More Fun!"
for Six Flags parks.
However, the thick accent of the Asian man in the original commercials had drawn criticism for being an offensive caricature.
In 2009, the Mr. Six character came back from retirement and replaced the Asian man in Six Flags' ads, still using the Fun-O-Meter.
Since 2011, Six Flags' TV ads got a brand-new slogan "Go Big!
Go Six Flags!"
for its current Six Flags theme parks.
Article: Assassination of William McKinley
Section: Background

Question: Who killed Lincoln?

In September 1901, William McKinley was at the height of his power as president.
Elected in 1896, during the serious economic depression resulting from the Panic of 1893, he had defeated his Democratic rival, William Jennings Bryan.
McKinley led the nation both to a return to prosperity and to victory in the Spanish-American War in 1898, taking possession of such Spanish colonies as Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
Re-elected handily in a rematch against Bryan in 1900, according to historical writer Eric Rauchway, "it looked as if the McKinley Administration would continue peaceably unbroken for another four years, a government devoted to prosperity".
McKinley's original vice president, Garret Hobart, had died in 1899, and McKinley left the choice of a running mate to the 1900 Republican National Convention.
In advance of the convention, New York's Republican political boss, Senator Thomas C. Platt, saw an opportunity to politically sideline his state's governor, former Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt, by pushing for his nomination as vice president.
Roosevelt accepted the nomination and was elected on McKinley's ticket.
Leon Czolgosz was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1873, the son of Polish immigrants.
The Czolgosz family moved a number of times as Paul Czolgosz, Leon's father, sought work throughout the Midwest.
As an adult, Leon Czolgosz worked in a Cleveland factory until he lost his job in a labor dispute in 1893.
Thereafter, he worked irregularly and attended political and religious meetings, trying to understand the reasons for the economic turmoil of the Panic of 1893.
In so doing, he became interested in anarchism.
By 1901, this movement was feared in the United States—New York's highest court had ruled that the act of identifying oneself as an anarchist in front of an audience was a breach of the peace.
Anarchists had taken a toll in Europe of a half-dozen officials and members of royal houses, and had been blamed for the 1886 Haymarket bombing in Chicago.
Two American presidents had been assassinated in the 19th century—Abraham Lincoln in 1865 and James Garfield in 1881.
John Wilkes Booth, Lincoln's assassin, had been embittered by the Confederate defeat in the American Civil War; Charles Guiteau, the assassin of Garfield, was an eccentric (possibly insane) man motivated by personal political and religious views who had unsuccessfully sought office in Garfield's administration.
Although two presidents had been struck down by assassins, McKinley did not like security personnel to come between him and the people.
When in his hometown, Canton, Ohio, he often walked to church or the business district without protection, and in Washington went on drives with his wife without any guard in the carriage.
Article: Stone Mountain
Section: Places of interest

Question: How did they furnish the houses?

Confederate Hall, operated directly by the Stone Mountain Memorial Association or SMMA, is a museum that educates students and park guests on the geology and ecology of Stone Mountain as well as historical aspects of the area.
A small theater shows a historical documentary about the Civil War in Georgia called "The Battle for Georgia".
The education department is host to thousands of students each school year teaching the subjects of geology, ecology, and history.
Classes are designed to meet the Georgia Performance Standards and the North American Association for Environmental Education guidelines.
The Antebellum Plantation and Farmyard is an open air museum composed of 19 historic buildings, built between 1790 and 1875, which have been re-erected to the site to represent a pre-Civil War Georgia plantation.
The historic houses have been furnished with an extensive collection of period furniture and decorations.
The farm features live animals that guests can pet.
A 732-bell carillon that originated at the 1964 New York World's Fair, provides a daily concert.
A covered bridge, dating from 1892, which originally spanned the Oconee River in Athens, Georgia.
A grist mill, dating from 1869 and moved to the park in 1965.