community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: 2003 invasion of Iraq
Section: Bush declares "End of major combat operations" (May 2003)

Question: When did Bush declare the mission ended?

Bush declares "End of major combat operations" (May 2003).
On 1 May 2003, Bush landed on the aircraft carrier USS "Abraham Lincoln", in a Lockheed S-3 Viking, where he gave a speech announcing the end of major combat operations in the Iraq war.
Bush's landing was criticized by opponents as an unnecessarily theatrical and expensive stunt.
Clearly visible in the background was a banner stating "Mission Accomplished."
The banner, made by White House staff and supplied by request of the United States Navy, was criticized as premature.
The White House subsequently released a statement that the sign and Bush's visit referred to the initial invasion of Iraq and disputing the charge of theatrics.
The speech itself noted: "We have difficult work to do in Iraq.
We are bringing order to parts of that country that remain dangerous."
Post-invasion Iraq was marked by a long and violent conflict between U.S.-led forces and Iraqi insurgents.
Article: Silver Linings Playbook
Section: Cast

Question: Who played the role of Veronica?

 Bradley Cooper as Patrick "Pat" Solatano, Jr.
 Jennifer Lawrence as Tiffany Maxwell
 Robert De Niro as Patrizio "Pat" Solatano, Sr.
 Jacki Weaver as Dolores Solatano
 Anupam Kher as Dr. Cliff Patel
 Chris Tucker as Danny McDaniels
 Julia Stiles as Veronica
 Brea Bee as Nikki Solatano
 Shea Whigham as Jake Solatano
 John Ortiz as Ronnie
 Paul Herman as Randy
 Dash Mihok as Officer Keogh
Article: Viva la Vida
Section: Critical response

Question: Which song was listed number 8 on "Village Voice"'s Pazz and Jop list?

Critical response.
Critics were very positive in their reviews of the song.
In the "Entertainment Weekly" review of the album, critic Chris Willman wrote: "Take the title track ... on which imagines himself as a paranoid monarch.
'Who would ever want to be king?'
Martin asks.
'Revolutionaries wait/For my head on a silver plate!'.
The confident majesty of the music, however, belies how he and his bandmates have invigorated their rock-lite reign."
Josh Hathaway from "The Plain Dealer" noted "Viva la Vida" as the "catchiest" song on the album.
Chris Jones of the BBC noted: "The string/brass mutations that bolster a track like 'Viva La Vida' ... conjure tunes so sweetly melancholy."
In the IGN review, critic Chad Grischow wrote, "It is their one and only foray into unabashed orchestral pop, but the punchy strut of the strings and fantastic marching vocals make it far too charming and lively to dislike, and even harder not to love.
""Viva la Vida" was nominated for "Record of the Year", and won "Song of the Year", and "Best Pop Performance by a Duo or a Group" at the 2009 Grammy Awards.
This song also won the Ivor Novello Award for "Best Selling British Single".
The song was included in "Rolling Stone"'s annual "100 Best Songs" of 2008 at number nine; it was also voted number two on "Rolling Stone"'s Readers' Rock List: Best Songs of 2008.
"Viva la Vida" was also listed at number five on "Blender"'s 1001 Downloads: The Top 144 Songs of 2008, as well in the number eight position on "Village Voice"'s Pazz and Jop list.
"Viva la Vida" has been sampled in several other songs including Flo Rida's single "Be on You".
Article: We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together
Section: Synopsis

Question: Who is the lead in the "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together" video?

The video begins with Swift in colorful pajamas recounting the events of her off and on again relationship with her ex-boyfriend (played by Noah Mills).
The video then segues into Swift going into her living room where her band is dressed up in animal costumes and Swift belts out the chorus of the song.
The video then goes to a TV where Swift says "Like, ever."
and then to the dining room where we see she returns to recounting the events of her relationship and receives a phone call from her ex who is calling her from a nightclub.
Swift hangs up on him and he walks off screen into the nightclub.
It then goes to the two in a truck having an argument then to them having a stroll in the park.
Swift then runs off and we see her on the phone telling the person on the other line how she and her ex are not getting back together and her frustration of their entire relationship.
The video then segues back to Swift's living room where a party is going on and her ex shows up unannounced trying to woo her back and she slams the door in his face.
The video ends with Swift on her window ledge where she was at the beginning of the video, singing the last line of the song.
Article: Biochemistry
Section: Lipids_1

Question: What are the different property characteristics of most lipids?

The term lipid composes a diverse range of molecules and to some extent is a catchall for relatively water-insoluble or nonpolar compounds of biological origin, including waxes, fatty acids, fatty-acid derived phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycolipids, and terpenoids (e.g., retinoids and steroids).
Some lipids are linear aliphatic molecules, while others have ring structures.
Some are aromatic, while others are not.
Some are flexible, while others are rigid.
Most lipids have some polar character in addition to being largely nonpolar.
In general, the bulk of their structure is nonpolar or hydrophobic ("water-fearing"), meaning that it does not interact well with polar solvents like water.
Another part of their structure is polar or hydrophilic ("water-loving") and will tend to associate with polar solvents like water.
This makes them amphiphilic molecules (having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions).
In the case of cholesterol, the polar group is a mere -OH (hydroxyl or alcohol).
In the case of phospholipids, the polar groups are considerably larger and more polar, as described below.
Lipids are an integral part of our daily diet.
Most oils and milk products that we use for cooking and eating like butter, cheese, ghee etc., are composed of fats.
Vegetable oils are rich in various polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
Lipid-containing foods undergo digestion within the body and are broken into fatty acids and glycerol, which are the final degradation products of fats and lipids.
Article: The Motto
Section: Cultural impact

Question: What source claims "YOLO" is dumb?

The song uses the phrase YOLO, an acronym for "you only live once".
The phrase can be seen in youth culture, for example a high school prank in Chicago, Illinois, involved high school students chanting "YOLO."
Some people have graffitied YOLO on walls.
It has become a popular Twitter hashtag.
Some youth have said that it is their motto, and actor Zac Efron got a tattoo with the acronym.
Some youth, however, have taken action against the "YOLO" mindset; hip hop artist Joey Bada$$ released a song entitled "Death of YOLO" on his album "Summer Knights".
The song uses nearly dying in a car accident, a result of the "YOLO" lifestyle, as a metaphor for living making poor decisions.
The hip-hop magazine "Da South" reported that the rapper Lecrae has deconstructed the motto YOLO in his answer song "No Regrets".
The Washington Post describes YOLO as "the newest acronym you'll love to hate".
The Huffington Post says: "YOLO is dumb."
In his January 18, 2014 appearance on Saturday Night Live, Drake apologized for popularizing the acronym.
The phrase "you only live once" is commonly attributed to Mae West, but variations of the phrase have been in use for over 100 years, including as far back as (the German equivalent of) "one lives but once in the world" by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in the play Clavigo in 1774, and as the title of a waltz "Man lebt nur einmal!"
("You Only Live Once!")
by Johann Strauss II in 1855.
Article: Disney's Animal Kingdom
Section: Avatar: World of Pandora

Question: What was the estimated building cost of the new area?

In September 2011, Walt Disney Parks and Resorts announced plans to partner with filmmaker James Cameron, his Lightstorm Entertainment production company, and Fox Filmed Entertainment to develop attractions based on Cameron's "Avatar" film franchise exclusively for Disney theme parks.
The first installation is planned for Disney's Animal Kingdom in the form of an "Avatar"-based section of the park.
While no specifics were announced, the new area was described as being several acres in size and costing an estimated $400 million to build, a scale similar to Cars Land at Disney California Adventure Park in California.
Components from the upcoming second and third films in the "Avatar" series will be featured, along with new designs not seen in any of the films.
Construction began on January 10, 2014.
Article: Michelangelo
Section: Madonna and Child

Question: What was Michelangelo's first work?

Madonna and Child.
The "Madonna of the Steps" is Michelangelo's earliest known work.
It is carved in shallow relief, a technique often employed by the master-sculptor of the early 15th-century, Donatello and others such as Desiderio da Settignano.
While the Madonna is in profile, the easiest aspect for a shallow relief, the child displays a twisting motion that was to become characteristic of Michelangelo's work.
The "Taddeo Tondo" of 1502, shows the Christ Child frightened by a Bullfinch, a symbol of the Crucifixion.
The lively form of the child was later adapted by Raphael in the "Bridgewater Madonna".
The "Bruges Madonna" was, at the time of its creation, unlike other such statues which show the Virgin proudly presenting her son.
Here, the Christ Child, restrained by his mother's clasping hand, is about to step off into the world.
The "Doni Tondo", depicting the Holy Family, has elements of all three previous works: the frieze of figures in the background has the appearance of a low-relief, while the circular shape and dynamic forms echo the Taddeo Tondo.
The twisting motion present in the Bruges Madonna is accentuated in the painting.
The painting heralds the forms, movement and colour that Michelangelo was to employ on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Article: Impression, Sunrise
Section: History

Question: Who stole the painting from the Musee Marmottan Monet in 1985?

Dated 1872, its subject is the harbour of Le Havre in France, using very loose brush strokes that suggest rather than delineate it.
Monet explained the title later:Landscape is nothing but an impression, and an instantaneous one, hence this label that was given us, by the way because of me.
I had sent a thing done in Le Havre, from my window, sun in the mist and a few masts of boats sticking up in the foreground.
...
They asked me for a title for the catalogue, it couldn't really be taken for a view of Le Havre, and I said: 'Put "Impression".'
It was first displayed in 1874 during the first independent art show of the Impressionists (who were not yet known by that name).
Critic Louis Leroy, inspired by the painting's name, titled his hostile review of the show in "Le Charivari" newspaper, "The Exhibition of the Impressionists", thus inadvertently naming the new art movement.
He wrote:Impression—I was certain of it.
I was just telling myself that, since I was impressed, there had to be some impression in it … and what freedom, what ease of workmanship!
Wallpaper in its embryonic state is more finished than that seascape.
The painting was stolen from the Musée Marmottan Monet in 1985 by Philippe Jamin and Youssef Khimoun but recovered in 1990.
Since 1991 it has been back on display in the museum.
Article: Great Sphinx of Giza
Section: Mythology

Question: Who built a temple north east of the Sphinx and was also a pharoah?

Colin Reader has proposed that the Sphinx was probably the focus of solar worship in the Early Dynastic Period, before the Giza Plateau became a necropolis in the Old Kingdom (c. 2686–2134 BC).
He ties this in with his conclusions that the Sphinx, the Sphinx temple, the Causeway and the Khafra mortuary temple are all part of a complex which predates Dynasty IV (c. 2613–2494 BC).
The lion has long been a symbol associated with the sun in ancient Near Eastern civilizations.
Images depicting the Egyptian king in the form of a lion smiting his enemies date as far back as the Early Dynastic Period.
In the New Kingdom, the Sphinx became more specifically associated with the god "Hor-em-akhet" (Hellenized: "Harmachis") or Horus at the Horizon, which represented the pharaoh in his role as the "Shesep-ankh" (English: "Living Image") of the god Atum.
Pharaoh Amenhotep II (1427–1401 or 1397 BC) built a temple to the north east of the Sphinx nearly 1000 years after its construction, and dedicated it to the cult of "Hor-em-akhet".
Article: The Starry Night
Section: Recent commentaries

Question: Which work of art is similar to Van Gogh's "Starry Night"?

Simon Singh, in his book "Big Bang", says that "Starry Night" has striking similarities to a sketch of the "Whirlpool Galaxy", drawn by Lord Rosse 44 years before Van Gogh's work.
The painting has been compared to an astronomical photograph of a star named V838 Monocerotis, taken by the Hubble in 2004.
The clouds of gas surrounding the star resemble the swirling patterns Van Gogh used in this painting.
Art historian Joachim Pissarro cites "Starry Night" as an exemplar of the artist's fascination with the nocturnal.
Article: The Big Bang Theory
Section: U.S. standard ratings

Question: How many viewers did "The Big Bang Theory" draw with their season three premier?

"The Big Bang Theory" has been highly rated since its premiere.
When the third season premiered on September 21, 2009, "The Big Bang Theory" ranked as CBS's highest-rated show of that evening in the adults 18–49 demographic (4.6/10) along with a then-series-high 12.83 million viewers.
After the first three seasons aired at different times on Monday nights, CBS moved the show to Thursdays at 8:00 ET for the 2010–2011 schedule, to be in direct competition with NBC's Comedy Block.
During its fourth season, it became television's highest rated comedy, just barely beating out eight-year champ "Two and a Half Men".
However, in the age 18–49 demographic (the show's target age range), it was the second highest rated comedy, behind ABC's "Modern Family".
The fifth season opened with viewing figures of over 14 million.
The sixth season boasts some of the highest-rated episodes for the show so far, with a then-new series high set with "The Bakersfield Expedition" (Season 6, Episode 13), with 20 million viewers, a first for the series, which along with "NCIS", made CBS the first network to have two scripted series reach that large an audience in the same week since 2007.
In the sixth season, the show became the highest rated and viewed scripted show in the 18–49 demographic, trailing only "NBC's Sunday Night Football" coverage, and was third in total viewers, trailing "NCIS" and "Sunday Night Football".
Season seven of the show opened strong, continuing the success gained in season six, with the second episode of the premiere, "The Deception Verification", setting the new series high in viewers with 20.44 million.
Showrunner Steve Molaro, who took over from Bill Prady with the sixth season, credits some of the show's success to the sitcom's exposure in off-network syndication, particularly on TBS, while Michael Schneider of "TV Guide" attributes it to the timeslot move two seasons earlier.
Chuck Lorre and CBS Entertainment president Nina Tassler also credit the success to the influence of Molaro, in particular the deepening exploration of the firmly established regular characters and their interpersonal relationships, such as the on-again, off-again relationship between Leonard and Penny.
Throughout much of the 2012–13 season, "The Big Bang Theory" placed first in all of syndication ratings, receiving formidable competition from only "Judge Judy" and "Wheel of Fortune" (first-run syndication programs).
By the end of the 2012–13 television season, "The Big Bang Theory" had dethroned "Judge Judy" as the ratings leader in all of syndicated programming with 7.1, "Judy" descending to second place for that season with a 7.0.
Article: Times Square
Section: New Year's Eve celebrations

Question: What was the date in America that the first ball dropped?

Times Square is the site of the annual New Year's Eve ball drop.
On December 31, 1907, a ball signifying New Year's Day was first dropped at Times Square, and the Square has held the main New Year's celebration in New York City ever since.
On that night, hundreds of thousands of people congregate to watch the Waterford Crystal ball being lowered on a pole atop the building, marking the start of the new year.
It replaced a lavish fireworks display from the top of the building that was held from 1904 to 1906, but stopped by city officials because of the danger of fire.
Beginning in 1908, and for more than eighty years thereafter, Times Square sign maker Artkraft Strauss was responsible for the ball-lowering.
During World War II, a minute of silence, followed by a recording of church bells pealing, replaced the ball drop because of wartime blackout restrictions.
Today, Countdown Entertainment and One Times Square handle the New Year's Eve event in conjunction with the Times Square Alliance.
A new energy-efficient LED ball, celebrating the centennial of the ball drop, debuted for the arrival of 2008.
The 2008/2009-ball, which was dropped on New Year's Eve (Wednesday, December 31, 2008) for the arrival of 2009, is larger and has become a permanent installation as a year-round attraction, being used for celebrations such as Valentine's Day and Halloween.
On average, about one million revelers crowd Times Square for the New Year's Eve celebrations.
However, for the millennium celebration on December 31, 1999, published reports stated approximately two million people overflowed Times Square, flowing from 6th Avenue to 8th Avenue and all the way back on Broadway and Seventh Avenues to 59th Street, making it the largest gathering in Times Square since August 1945 during celebrations marking the end of World War II.
Article: Epcot
Section: World Showcase

Question: Which pavilions were not present at the park's opening?

World Showcase is a large area reminiscent of a permanent world's fair containing eleven pavilions, each themed and dedicated to represent a specific country.
The eleven pavilions surround the World Showcase Lagoon, a large man-made lake located in the center of World Showcase with a perimeter of 1.2 miles.
In clockwise order, the eleven pavilions include:
 Mexico
 Norway
 China
 Germany
 Italy
 United States
 Japan
 Morocco
 France
 United Kingdom
 Canada
Of the eleven pavilions, Norway and Morocco were not present at the park's opening, and were added later after park opening.
Each pavilion contains themed architecture, landscapes, streetscapes, attractions, shops, and restaurants representing the respective country's culture and cuisine.
In an effort to maintain the authenticity of the represented countries, the pavilions are primarily staffed by citizens of the respective countries as part of the Cultural Representative Program through J-1 visa agreements.
Some pavilions also contain themed rides, shows, and live entertainment representative of the respective country.
The only pavilion that is directly sponsored by the government of its respective country is Morocco, the remaining pavilions are primarily sponsored by private companies with affiliations to the represented countries.
Pavilions for Russia, Switzerland, Spain, Venezuela, United Arab Emirates, and Israel have occasionally been rumored as potential future pavilions but have never made it past the planning phases to date.
A small African themed refreshment shop known as The Outpost currently resides in the last remaining vacant undeveloped parcel that may potentially one day be developed into a new pavilion area.
Article: Glad You Came
Section: Chart performance

Question: How much did "Glad You Came" sell in its first week?

"Glad You Came" debuted at number one in Ireland, making it the band's first number-one single in the country.
The song was at number one for five weeks.
In the United Kingdom, the song debuted at number one with first-week sales of over 117,000 copies, becoming the band's second number-one single in the UK.
As of May 2012, it is their biggest-selling single to date with 540,126 copies sold in the UK.
In Australia the song was certified Gold for shipping 35,000 copies.
In the United States, the song became their first to chart on the "Billboard" Hot 100, peaking at number three for four non-consecutive weeks after it was covered on the television series "Glee", and becoming the highest American chart entry by a British boy band, surpassing Take That who peaked at number seven with "Back for Good" in November 1995.
As of May 2013, the song has sold 3,600,000 copies in the United States.
The song was the best-selling song by a boy band in digital history before One Direction's "What Makes You Beautiful" overtook its sales in July 2012.
Article: Sweden
Section: Science and technology

Question: When did Tycho Brache come onto the planet earth?

Tycho Brahe, born in 1546 in an area of present-day Sweden which was then Denmark, made the careful astronomic observations upon which Kepler proved and quantified the heliocentric Copernican solar system.
In the 18th century Sweden's scientific revolution took off.
Previously, technical progress had mainly come from mainland Europe.
In 1739, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences was founded, with people such as Carolus Linnaeus and Anders Celsius as early members.
Many of the companies founded by early pioneers still remain major international brands.
Gustaf Dalén founded AGA, and received the Nobel Prize for his sun valve.
Alfred Nobel invented dynamite and instituted the Nobel Prizes.
Lars Magnus Ericsson started the company bearing his name, Ericsson, still one of the largest telecom companies in the world.
Jonas Wenström was an early pioneer in alternating current and is along with Serbian inventor Nikola Tesla credited as one of the inventors of the three-phase electrical system.
The traditional engineering industry is still a major source of Swedish inventions, but pharmaceuticals, electronics and other high-tech industries are gaining ground.
Tetra Pak was an invention for storing liquid foods, invented by Erik Wallenberg.
Losec, an ulcer medicine, was the world's best-selling drug in the 1990s and was developed by AstraZeneca.
More recently Håkan Lans invented the Automatic Identification System, a worldwide standard for shipping and civil aviation navigation.
A large portion of the Swedish economy is to this day based on the export of technical inventions, and many large multinational corporations from Sweden have their origins in the ingenuity of Swedish inventors.
Swedish inventors held 41,735 patents in the United States , according to the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
As a nation, only ten other countries hold more patents than Sweden.