community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Football
Section: Official disapproval and attempts to ban football

Question: In which years was football banned in England?

Numerous attempts have been made to ban football games, particularly the most rowdy and disruptive forms.
This was especially the case in England and in other parts of Europe, during the Middle Ages and early modern period.
Between 1324 and 1667, football was banned in England alone by more than 30 royal and local laws.
The need to repeatedly proclaim such laws demonstrated the difficulty in enforcing bans on popular games.
King Edward II was so troubled by the unruliness of football in London that on April 13, 1314 he issued a proclamation banning it: "Forasmuch as there is great noise in the city caused by hustling over large balls from which many evils may arise which God forbid; we command and forbid, on behalf of the King, on pain of imprisonment, such game to be used in the city in the future.
"The reasons for the ban by Edward III, on June 12, 1349, were explicit: football and other recreations distracted the populace from practicing archery, which was necessary for war.
In 1424, the Parliament of Scotland passed a Football Act that stated "it is statut and the king forbiddis that na man play at the fut ball under the payne of iiij d" – in other words, playing football was made illegal, and punishable by a fine of four pence.
By 1608, the local authorities in Manchester were complaining that: "With the ffotebale...hath beene greate disorder in our towne of Manchester we are told, and glasse windowes broken yearlye and spoyled by a companie of lewd and disordered persons ..." That same year, the word"football" was used disapprovingly by William Shakespeare.
Shakespeare's play "King Lear" contains the line: "Nor tripped neither, you base football player" (Act I, Scene 4).
Shakespeare also mentions the game in "A Comedy of Errors" (Act II, Scene 1):"Spurn" literally means "to kick away", thus implying that the game involved kicking a ball between players.
King James I of England's "Book of Sports" (1618) however, instructs Christians to play at football every Sunday afternoon after worship.
The book's aim appears to be an attempt to offset the strictness of the Puritans regarding the keeping of the Sabbath.
Article: Starships (song)
Section: Live performances

Question: When did Minaj perform "Starships" on American Idol?

On February 26, 2012, Minaj performed the single live for the first time along with "Moment 4 Life", "Turn Me On" and "Super Bass" at the 2012 NBA All-Star Game.
Minaj also performed the single on the eleventh season of "American Idol" results show on March 29, 2012, and on "Today" on April 6.
Minaj performed the song in a mash-up with "Right by My Side" at "The Ellen DeGeneres Show" on May 10, 2012.
Minaj also performed the single on her Pink Friday Tour.
The song was also the encore song of Minaj's .
Article: Forbidden City
Section: Walls and gates

Question: The Forbidden City has an East and a West gate, what are they known as, respectively?

The Forbidden City is surrounded by a high city wall and a deep by wide moat.
The walls are wide at the base, tapering to at the top.
These walls served as both defensive walls and retaining walls for the palace.
They were constructed with a rammed earth core, and surfaced with three layers of specially baked bricks on both sides, with the interstices filled with mortar.
At the four corners of the wall sit towers (E) with intricate roofs boasting 72 ridges, reproducing the Pavilion of Prince Teng and the Yellow Crane Pavilion as they appeared in Song dynasty paintings.
These towers are the most visible parts of the palace to commoners outside the walls, and much folklore is attached to them.
According to one legend, artisans could not put a corner tower back together after it was dismantled for renovations in the early Qing dynasty, and it was only rebuilt after the intervention of carpenter-immortal Lu Ban.
The wall is pierced by a gate on each side.
At the southern end is the main Meridian Gate (A).
To the north is the Gate of Divine Might (B), which faces Jingshan Park.
The east and west gates are called the "East Glorious Gate" (D) and "West Glorious Gate" (C).
All gates in the Forbidden City are decorated with a nine-by-nine array of golden door nails, except for the East Glorious Gate, which has only eight rows.
The Meridian Gate has two protruding wings forming three sides of a square (Wumen, or Meridian Gate, Square) before it.
The gate has five gateways.
The central gateway is part of the Imperial Way, a stone flagged path that forms the central axis of the Forbidden City and the ancient city of Beijing itself, and leads all the way from the Gate of China in the south to Jingshan in the north.
Only the Emperor may walk or ride on the Imperial Way, except for the Empress on the occasion of her wedding, and successful students after the Imperial Examination.
Article: Toy Story
Section: Editing and pre-release

Question: WHat happened in one of the deleted scenes in "Toy Story"?

It was difficult for crew members to perceive the film's quality during much of the production process, when the finished footage was in scattered pieces and lacked elements like music and sound design.
Some animators felt the film would be a significant disappointment commercially, but felt animators and animation fans would find it interesting.
According to Lee Unkrich, one of the original editors of "Toy Story", a scene was cut out of the original final edit.
The scene features Sid, after Pizza Planet, torturing Buzz and Woody violently.
Unkrich decided to cut right into the scene where Sid is interrogating the toys because the creators of the movie thought the audience would be loving Buzz and Woody at that point.
Another scene, where Woody was trying to get Buzz's attention when he was stuck in the box crate, was shortened because the creators felt it would lose the energy of the movie.
Peter Schneider had grown buoyant about the film as it neared completion, and announced a United States release date of November, coinciding with Thanksgiving weekend and the start of the winter holiday season.
Sources indicate that executive producer Steve Jobs lacked confidence in the film during its production, and he had been talking to various companies, ranging from Hallmark to Microsoft, about selling Pixar.
However, as the film progressed, Jobs became ever more excited about it, feeling that he might be on the verge of transforming the movie industry.
As scenes from the movie were finished, he watched them repeatedly and had friends come by his home to share his new passion.
Jobs decided that the release of "Toy Story" that November would be the occasion to take Pixar public.
A test audience near Anaheim in late July 1995 indicated the need for last-minute tweaks, which added further pressure to the already frenetic final weeks.
Response cards from the audience were encouraging, but were not top of the scale, adding further question as to how audiences would respond.
The film ended with a shot of Andy's house and the sound of a new puppy.
Michael Eisner, who attended the screening, told Lasseter afterward that the film needed to end with a shot of Woody and Buzz together, reacting to the news of the puppy.
Article: Disney's Animal Kingdom
Section: Rafiki's Planet Watch

Question: What place does Rafiki's Planet Watch connect to?

Rafiki's Planet Watch is a section for young children and with families and the only section of the park not connected to Discovery Island, and is instead connected to Africa.
Guests board the List of track gauges narrow gauge Wildlife Express Train for the short trip to and from the area, which consists of three sub-areas.
Guests first encounter "Habitat Habit!
", where they can see cottontop tamarins and learn about the efforts to protect these endangered primates in their natural homes.
Along the way, guests can also learn how to provide animal habitats in and around their own homes.
"Conservation Station" showcases the various conservation efforts supported by the Walt Disney Company.
It also gives a behind-the-scenes glimpse into Disney's Animal Kingdom's animal care facilities, including a veterinary examination room complete with a two-way communications system so the veterinary staff can answer guest questions.
Outside, "Affection Section" is a petting zoo featuring goats, sheep and other domesticated animals.
Other animals seen are Ball Pythons, Blue-And-Yellow Macaws, Blue-Tongued Skink, Boa Constrictors, Butterflies, Central Bearded Dragons, Chinchillas, Chinchilla Rabbits, Citron-crested Cockatoos, Common Brushtail Possums, Corn Snakes, Costa Rica Zebra Tarantula, Death's Head Cockroach, Dexter Cattle, Dominique Chickens, Eleonora Cockatoos, Emperor Scorpions, Eclectus Parrots, Fennec Foxes, Ferrets, Giant African Millipedes, Golden Lion Tamarins, Gray Rat Snakes, Green Tree Pythons, Guinea Hogs, Gulf Coast Native Sheep, Hermit Crabs, Hyacinth Macaws, Kinkajous, Llamas, Madagascar Day Geckos, Madagascar Hissing Cockroaches, Madagascar Tree Boas, Nigerian Dwarf Goat, Nile Monitors, North American Donkeys, Opossums, Pygmy Goats, Rats, Rat Snakes, Red-And-Green Macaws, Red-Cockaded Woodpeckers, Red-Crested Turacos, Roughneck Monitor Lizards, San Clemente Island Goats, Savannah Monitors, Solomon Islands Skinks, Spectacled Owls, Striped Skunks, Tamanduas, Tarantulas, Tawny Frogmouths, Tawny Owls, Tenrecs, Tunis Sheep, Two-Toed Sloths, Uromastyx, Variable Hawks, and Vasa Parrots.
Article: Croquet
Section: Golf

Question: In 2011, who was the world champion of women's gold croquet?

In golf croquet, a hoop is won by the first ball to go through each hoop.
Unlike association croquet, there are no additional turns for hitting other balls.
Each player takes a stroke in turn, each trying to hit a ball through the same hoop.
The sequence of play is blue, red, black, yellow.
Blue and black balls play against red and yellow.
When a hoop is won, the sequence of play continues as before.
The winner of the game is the player/team who wins the most hoops.
Golf croquet is the fastest-growing version of the game, owing largely to its simplicity and competitiveness.
There is an especially large interest with competitive success by players in Egypt.
Golf croquet is easier to learn and play, but requires strategic skills and accurate play.
In comparison with association croquet, play is faster and balls are more likely to be lifted off the ground, as seen in this video footage.
In April 2013, Reg Bamford of South Africa beat Ahmed Nasr of Egypt in the final of the Golf Croquet World Championship in Cairo, becoming the first person to simultaneously hold the title in both association croquet and golf croquet.
As of 2011, the Women's Golf Croquet World Champion was Rachel Rowe (England).
Article: Finland
Section: Biodiversity

Question: How many species of breeding birds are there in Finland?

Phytogeographically, Finland is shared between the Arctic, central European and northern European provinces of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom.
According to the WWF, the territory of Finland can be subdivided into three ecoregions: the Scandinavian and Russian taiga, Sarmatic mixed forests and Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands.
Taiga covers most of Finland from northern regions of southern provinces to the north of Lapland.
On the southwestern coast, south of the Helsinki-Rauma line, forests are characterized by mixed forests, that are more typical in the Baltic region.
In the extreme north of Finland, near the tree line and Arctic Ocean, Montane Birch forests are common.
Similarly, Finland has a diverse and extensive range of fauna.
There are at least sixty native mammalian species, 248 breeding bird species, over seventy fish species and eleven reptile and frog species present today, many migrating from neighboring countries thousands of years ago.
Large and widely recognized wildlife mammals found in Finland are the brown bear (the national animal), gray wolf, wolverine and elk.
Three of the more striking birds are the Whooper Swan, a large European swan and the national bird of Finland; the Capercaillie, a large, black-plumaged member of the grouse family; and the European Eagle-owl.
The latter is considered an indicator of old-growth forest connectivity, and has been declining because of landscape fragmentation.
The most common breeding birds are the Willow Warbler, Common Chaffinch and Redwing.
Of some seventy species of freshwater fish, the northern pike, perch and others are plentiful.
Atlantic salmon remains the favourite of fly rod enthusiasts.
The endangered Saimaa Ringed Seal, one of only three lake seal species in the world, exists only in the Saimaa lake system of southeastern Finland, down to only 300 seals today.
It has become the emblem of the Finnish Association for Nature Conservation.
Article: Rolling in the Deep
Section: Commercial performance

Question: What was "Rolling In The Deep"'s debut in the UK?

In the UK, "Rolling in the Deep" debuted at number 2 (her second number 2 debut, after "Chasing Pavements"), behind Bruno Mars's "Grenade".
The song spent the first ten weeks of its chart run in the top ten.
Upon its American release, "Rolling in the Deep" became Adele's second single to chart in the country.
The song debuted on the "Billboard" Hot 100 at number 68 on 25 December 2010.
Later on, it became her first ever single to top a "Billboard" chart when it reached number one on the Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks chart in March 2011, and became her first number one hit in the country when it topped the "Billboard" Hot 100 in May 2011.
As a result, Adele became the first British singer to have topped both the "Billboard" Hot 100 and "Billboard" 200 charts in the same week since Leona Lewis did the same back in 2008.
In its 24th charting week, "Rolling in the Deep" stayed at number-one, making it the latest single at the top since Lady Gaga's "Just Dance" spent its third and final week at number one in its 24th charting week as well.
It stayed on top of the chart for seven straight weeks, the second longest run in 2011 behind Rihanna's "We Found Love", which spent eight weeks on top in 2011, and two weeks in 2012.
It has been certified 7× platinum, making it only the second song by a British female artist to reach this feat since Leona Lewis' "Bleeding Love".
As of October 2013, "Rolling in the Deep" has sold 8 million digital copies in the United States, becoming the second song to sell 8 million downloads.
It is the second biggest selling digital song in the United States, and the biggest-selling digital song of all time.
As of 26 July 2011, "Rolling in the Deep" was the third best selling digital single across Europe with 1.26 million copies sold.
As of 5 November 2011 issue of "Billboard", it had been No.
1 on the Adult Contemporary chart for 19 consecutive weeks.
"Rolling in the Deep" has become her label XL Recordings' best selling single, overtaking M.I.A.
's "Paper Planes" released in 2008 which until 2011 held the record.
The song became also the longest-charting release in Finland, peaking at number one and charting for 50 weeks.
Article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Section: Mudd's culpability

Question: When did Booth look for help with his plot?

The degree of Mudd's culpability has remained a controversy ever since.
Some, including Mudd's grandson Richard Mudd, claimed that Mudd was innocent of any wrongdoing and that he had been imprisoned merely for treating a man who came to his house late at night with a fractured leg.
Over a century after the assassination, Presidents Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan both wrote letters to Richard Mudd agreeing that his grandfather committed no crime.
However, others, including authors Edward Steers, Jr. and James Swanson, assert that Samuel Mudd visited Booth three times in the months before the failed kidnapping attempt.
The first time was November 1864 when Booth, looking for help in his kidnapping plot, was directed to Mudd by agents of the Confederate Secret Service.
In December, Booth met with Mudd again and stayed the night at his farm.
Later that December, Mudd went to Washington and introduced Booth to a Confederate agent he knew — John Surratt.
Additionally, George Atzerodt testified that Booth sent supplies to Mudd's house in preparation for the kidnap plan.
Mudd lied to the authorities who came to his house after the assassination, claiming that he did not recognize the man who showed up on his doorstep in need of treatment and giving false information about where Booth and Herold went.
He also hid the monogrammed boot that he had cut off Booth's injured leg behind a panel in his attic, but the thorough search of Mudd's house soon revealed this further evidence against him.
One hypothesis is that Dr. Mudd was active in the kidnapping plot, likely as the person the conspirators would turn to for medical treatment in case Lincoln were injured, and that Booth thus remembered the doctor and went to his house to get help in the early hours of April 15.
Article: Party Rock Anthem
Section: Background

Question: What group was responsible for handling choreography for the Party Rock Anthem video?

Music video.
The music video was released on March 8, 2011 and was produced by the two members of LMFAO, Redfoo and SkyBlu, with the assistance of Shinzu Ai.
It was choreographed by, and featured, Quest Crew members Hokuto Konishi, Victor Kim, Ryan Conferido, Steve Terada, Aris Paracuelles, Brian Hirano and Ryan Feng.
The video is a parody of the 2002 horror film "28 Days Later".
Lauren Bennett, featured in the song, also appeared in the music video.
Director Mickey Finnegan described the concept: "there's been an epidemic, the world has gone crazy, as soon as the song came out, everyone got possessed and all they want to do is to shuffle, everyone is a shuffler."
The video features the dancers performing the Melbourne Shuffle, which quickly gained popularity in the United States.
Article: The Thinker
Section: Origins

Question: When was the Thinker originally begun?

Originally named "The Poet" (""), the "Thinker" was initially a figure in a large commission, begun in 1880, for a doorway surround called "The Gates of Hell".
Rodin based this on "The Divine Comedy" of Dante, and most of the many figures in the work represented the main characters in the epic poem.
Some critics believe "The Thinker", at the centre of the composition over the doorway and at about 70 cm high larger than most other figures, was originally intended to depict Dante at the Gates of Hell, pondering his great poem.
However, there are questionable aspects to this interpretation, including that the figure is naked, Dante is fully clothed throughout his poem, and that the figure, as used, in no way corresponds to Dante's effete figure.
The sculpture is nude, as Rodin wanted a heroic figure in the tradition of Michelangelo, to represent intellect as well as poetry.
This detail from the "Gates of Hell" was first named "The Thinker" by foundry workers, who noted its similarity to Michelangelo's statue of Lorenzo de Medici called """" (The Thinker).
Rodin decided to treat the figure as an independent work, at a larger size.
The figure was designed to be seen from below, and is normally displayed on a fairly high plinth, though the heights chosen by the various owners for these vary considerably.
Article: Vietnam War
Section: Popular culture

Question: John Wayne starred in what early Vietnam War film?

The Vietnam War has been featured extensively in television, film, video games, and literature in the participant countries.
In American popular culture, the "Crazy Vietnam Veteran", driven mad or otherwise disturbed by his experiences in Vietnam, became a common stock character after the war.
One of the first major films based on the Vietnam War was John Wayne's pro-war film, "The Green Berets" (1968).
Further cinematic representations were released during the 1970s and 1980s, including Michael Cimino's "The Deer Hunter" (1978), Francis Ford Coppola's "Apocalypse Now" (1979), Oliver Stone's "Platoon" (1986) — based on his service in the U.S. Military during the Vietnam War, Stanley Kubrick's "Full Metal Jacket" (1987), "Hamburger Hill" (1987), and "Casualties of War" (1989).
Later films would include "We Were Soldiers" (2002) and "Rescue Dawn" (2007).
The war also influenced a generation of musicians and songwriters in Vietnam and the United States, both anti-war and pro/anti-communist.
The band Country Joe and the Fish recorded "I-Feel-Like-I'm-Fixin'-To-Die Rag" / The "Fish" Cheer in 1965, and it became one of the most influential anti-Vietnam protest anthems.
Trinh Cong Son was a South Vietnamese songwriter famous for his anti-war songs.
Article: Where Have You Been
Section: Track listing

Question: What is the duration of the "Where Have You Been" (Hardwell Club Mix)" song?

;Digital download
"Where Have You Been" — 4:03
;The Calvin Harris Extended Remix - Digital download
"Where Have You Been" (The Calvin Harris Extended Remix) — 6:01
;Germany, Austria and Switzerland CD single 
"Where Have You Been" (Album Version) — 4:02
"Where Have You Been" (Hector Fonseca Radio Edit) — 3:57
;International Remixes EP
"Where Have You Been" (Hardwell Club Mix) — 6:34
"Where Have You Been" (Papercha$er Remix) — 6:35
"Where Have You Been" (Hector Fonseca Radio Edit) — 3:57
"Where Have You Been" (Vice Edit) — 3:39
;U.S. Remixes EP
"Where Have You Been" (Hardwell Club Mix) — 6:34
"Where Have You Been" (Hardwell Instrumental) — 6:34
"Where Have You Been" (Papercha$er Remix) — 6:35
"Where Have You Been" (Papercha$er Instrumental) — 6:34
"Where Have You Been" (Hector Fonseca Radio Edit) — 3:56
"Where Have You Been" (Hector Fonseca Remix) — 8:00
"Where Have You Been" (Hector Fonseca Dub) — 6:38
"Where Have You Been" (Vice Club Mix) — 5:35
"Where Have You Been" (Vice Instrumental) — 5:36