community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Wide Awake (Katy Perry song)
Section: Background

Question: When did filming of the music video 'Wide awake' begin?

Music video.
In March 2012, during an interview with MTV, Perry stated: "I know exactly what that music video is.
I know exactly who is directing it.
I know the art direction, the people, the narrative, and I had that idea while I was writing the song".
Filming of the official 3D music video for "Wide Awake" began on April 30, 2012 and ended on May 2, 2012.
The music video was directed by Tony T. Datis and will be used as a tie-in promotion for her 2012 3D autobiographical documentary film, "", as part of her deal with Pepsi.
On June 12, 2012, an official trailer directed by Lance Drake, was released on Perry's VEVO channel.
It started with a girl flipping through a book which displays flashbacks of the "Teenage Dream" era, describing each of the singles as a 'chapter', with Wide Awake being 'the final chapter'.
It also unveiled that there will be a fairytale storyline, with 'a giant labyrinth, a poisoned strawberry, a curious cat, prince charming, and a little girl'.
A second preview aired on June 13, 2012 during the season finale of the program "Randy Jackson Presents: America's Best Dance Crew".
Article: Golf
Section: Rules and regulations

Question: USGA stands for what?

The rules of golf are internationally standardised and are jointly governed by The R&A, spun off in 2004 from The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews (founded 1754), and the United States Golf Association (USGA).
The underlying principle of the rules is fairness.
As stated on the back cover of the official rule book:
"Play the ball as it lies, play the course as you find it, and if you cannot do either, do what is fair.
"
There are strict regulations regarding the amateur status of golfers.
Essentially, anybody who has ever received payment or compensation for giving instruction, or played golf for money, is not considered an amateur and may not participate in competitions limited solely to amateurs.
However, amateur golfers may receive expenses that comply with strict guidelines and they may accept non-cash prizes within the limits established by the Rules of Amateur Status.
In addition to the officially printed rules, golfers also abide by a set of guidelines called golf etiquette.
Etiquette guidelines cover matters such as safety, fairness, pace of play, and a player's obligation to contribute to the care of the course.
Though there are no penalties for breach of etiquette rules, players generally follow the rules of golf etiquette in an effort to improve everyone's playing experience.
Article: Iran
Section: Popular culture and cinema

Question: Based on the prompt, who is one of the best known Iranian directors?

The musical culture of Persia, while distinct, is closely related to other musical systems of the West and Central Asia.
It has also affinities to the music cultures of the Indian subcontinent, to a certain degree even to those of Africa, and, in the period after 1850 particularly, to that of Europe.
Its history can be traced to some extent through these relationships.
Like that of most of the world’s cultures, the music of Persia has depended on oral/aural transmission and learning.
Iranian cinema has thrived in modern Iran, and many Iranian directors have garnered worldwide recognition for their work.
Iranian movies have won over three hundred awards in the past twenty-five years including Oscars.
One of the best-known directors is Abbas Kiarostami.
Article: Gilmore Girls
Section: Broadcast history

Question: Which channel aired the "Gilmore Girls" in United States?

"Gilmore Girls" first season commenced in the Thursday 8pm/7pm Central time slot, as a lead in for "Charmed".
Renewed for a second season, the show was relocated on Tuesdays 8pm/7pm, the time slot of "Buffy the Vampire Slayer", which transferred to UPN, and served as a lead-in for "Smallville".
In its syndicated release in the United States, the show airs on the ABC Family Channel, and from 2009-2013, aired in weekend timeslots on their sister network SOAPnet, which closed at the start of 2014.
First season reruns aired on Monday nights from March until May 2001 while "Roswell" was on hiatus.
An additional run of the first season aired in summer of 2002 on Sunday nights under the title "Gilmore Girls Beginnings", and was one of two shows on The WB to give the "Beginnings" in its title for reruns (the other being "7th Heaven").
In the United Kingdom "Gilmore Girls" was initially screened on Nickelodeon from 2003.
It remains the only hour-long series to air thereon to date.
Only the first three seasons were shown, with episodes edited for content and some, like "The Big One," dropped entirely.
The series was subsequently picked up by the Hallmark Channel, which gave UK premieres to Seasons 4 and 5, and E4, which continues to show all seven seasons in rotation, with occasional cuts to render it suitable for its early time slot.
On 16 January 2012, Gilmore Girls aired its final episode on UK Channel E4.
All seven seasons are now being aired, unedited, on 5*.
In Brazil and Mexico, the show premiered in November 5, 2000 on Warner Channel.
Then it was shown Boomerang across Latin America.
Article: Fajita
Section: Popularity

Question: Why were beef butchered?

The first culinary evidence of the fajitas with the cut of meat, the cooking style (directly on a campfire or on a grill), and the Spanish nickname going back as far as the 1930s in the ranch lands of South and West Texas.
During cattle roundups, beef were butchered regularly to feed the hands.
Throwaway items such as the hide, the head, the entrails, and meat trimmings such as skirt were given to the Mexican cowboys called vaqueros as part of their pay.
Hearty border dishes like barbacoa de cabeza (head barbecue), menudo (tripe stew), and fajitas or arracheras (grilled skirt steak) have their roots in this practice.
Considering the limited number of skirts per carcass and the fact the meat wasn't available commercially, the fajita tradition remained regional and relatively obscure for many years, probably only familiar to vaqueros, butchers, and their families.
The food became popular in Tex-Mex restaurants in Houston, Austin, and San Antonio.
In southern Arizona, the term was unknown except as a cut of meat until the 1990s, when Mexican fast food restaurants started using the word in their marketing.
In recent years, fajitas have become popular at American casual dining restaurants as well as in home cooking.
In many restaurants, the fajita meat is brought to the table sizzling loudly on a metal platter or skillet, with the tortillas and condiments.
Article: Electron
Section: Other applications

Question: What is FEL?

In the free-electron laser (FEL), a relativistic electron beam passes through a pair of undulators that contain arrays of dipole magnets whose fields point in alternating directions.
The electrons emit synchrotron radiation that coherently interacts with the same electrons to strongly amplify the radiation field at the resonance frequency.
FEL can emit a coherent high-brilliance electromagnetic radiation with a wide range of frequencies, from microwaves to soft X-rays.
These devices may find manufacturing, communication and various medical applications, such as soft tissue surgery.
Electrons are important in cathode ray tubes, which have been extensively used as display devices in laboratory instruments, computer monitors and television sets.
In a photomultiplier tube, every photon striking the photocathode initiates an avalanche of electrons that produces a detectable current pulse.
Vacuum tubes use the flow of electrons to manipulate electrical signals, and they played a critical role in the development of electronics technology.
However, they have been largely supplanted by solid-state devices such as the transistor.
Article: Indonesia
Section: Geography

Question: How many active volcanoes does Indonesia have?

Indonesia lies between latitudes 11°S and 6°N, and longitudes 95°E and 141°E.
It consists of 17,508 islands, about 6,000 of which are inhabited.
These are scattered over both sides of the equator.
The largest are Java, Sumatra, Borneo (shared with Brunei and Malaysia), New Guinea (shared with Papua New Guinea), and Sulawesi.
Indonesia shares land borders with Malaysia on Borneo, Papua New Guinea on the island of New Guinea, and East Timor on the island of Timor.
Indonesia shares maritime borders across narrow straits with Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Palau to the north, and with Australia to the south.
The capital, Jakarta, is on Java and is the nation's largest city, followed by Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, and Semarang.
At 1,919,440 square kilometers (741,050 sq mi), Indonesia is the world's 15th-largest country in terms of land area and world's 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea and land area.
Its average population density is 134 people per square kilometer (347 per sq mi), 79th in the world, although Java, the world's most populous island, has a population density of 940 people per square kilometer (2,435 per sq mi).
At , Puncak Jaya in Papua is Indonesia's highest peak, and Lake Toba in Sumatra its largest lake, with an area of 1,145 square kilometers (442 sq mi).
The country's largest rivers are in Kalimantan, and include the Mahakam and Barito; such rivers are communication and transport links between the island's river settlements.
Indonesia's location on the edges of the Pacific, Eurasian, and Australian tectonic plates makes it the site of numerous volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.
Indonesia has at least 150 active volcanoes, including Krakatoa and Tambora, both famous for their devastating eruptions in the 19th century.
The eruption of the Toba supervolcano, approximately 70,000 years ago, was one of the largest eruptions ever, and a global catastrophe.
Recent disasters due to seismic activity include the 2004 tsunami that killed an estimated 167,736 in northern Sumatra, and the Yogyakarta earthquake in 2006.
However, volcanic ash is a major contributor to the high agricultural fertility that has historically sustained the high population densities of Java and Bali.
Lying along the equator, Indonesia has a tropical climate, with two distinct monsoonal wet and dry seasons.
Average annual rainfall in the lowlands varies from , and up to in mountainous regions.
Mountainous areas – particularly in the west coast of Sumatra, West Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua – receive the highest rainfall.
Humidity is generally high, averaging about 80%.
Temperatures vary little throughout the year; the average daily temperature range of Jakarta is .
Article: Stone Mountain
Section: Attractions

Question: What types of animals does the Plantation Farmyard hae?

The Park features several attractions that are operated by Herschend Family Entertainment Corporation.
On summer evenings the mountain hosts the Stone Mountain Laser Show Spectacular, which uses popular and classic music to entertain park guests with a large fireworks and laser light display.
The colorful lightshow of lasers project moving images of the Deep South as well as Georgia history onto the Confederate Memorial carving on the side of the mountain.
The American Civil War is acknowledged, but the strength of a reunited country concludes the message, with Sandi Patti singing the Star Spangled Banner.
There are still old favorites included with the show, “Devil Went down to Georgia” and "An American Trilogy".
There have been several additions to the show for its 25th anniversary.
During Memorial Day Weekend of 2011, Stone Mountain unveiled their biggest overhaul ever of the laser show, dubbed Mountainvision.
This incorporates digital projectors, lasers, special effects, and pyrotechnics into an incredible experience.
The projection is 5 times larger than an IMAX screen and taller than the Statue Of Liberty.
The Skyride is a Swiss-built cable car to the summit of the mountain which passes by the carving on the way up.
The Riverboat offers a scenic cruise aboard a reproduction Mississippi riverboat on 363 acre (147 ha) Stone Mountain Lake.
(UPDATE: The Riverboat, which used to be one of Stone Mountain Park's attractions to all guests, has been retired.
)The Antebellum Plantation is a collection of historic buildings relocated from around the state of Georgia, including 3 plantation manor houses dating from 1794, 1850 and 1845, two slave cabins, a barn and other outbuildings.
The Plantation Farmyard features historic breeds of sheep, goats and pigs that guests can pet.
Crossroads is a recreation of an 1872 southern town with several attractions including a modern 4-D movie theater, an adventure mini-golf course, a duck tour ride, stores and restaurants.
Crafts demonstrators include glass blowing and candy making.
Other attractions in this area include:The Great Barn is a children's activity area that features 65 interactive games, climbing structures, trampoline floors, slides and more.
Sky Hike is a family ropes adventure course.
Guests can choose their own path and level of challenge.
Geyser Towers is a playground featuring a large fountain at the entrance, so guests have the option of climbing through the course or getting wet.
Article: Singapore
Section: Demographics

Question: How many Singapore residents own cars?

, the population of Singapore is 5.312 million people, of whom 3.285 million (62%) are citizens while the rest (38%) are permanent residents or foreign workers/students.
Twenty-three percent of Singaporean citizens were born outside Singapore (i.e.
foreign born citizens).
There are half a million permanent residents in Singapore in 2012.
The resident population does not take into account the 11 million transient visitors who visit Singapore annually.
The median age of Singaporeans is 37 years old and the average household size is 3.5 persons.
Due to scarcity of land, four out of five Singaporeans live in subsidised, high-rise, public housing apartments known as Housing and Development Board (HDB) flats, after the board responsible for public housing in the country.
Live-in domestic helpers are quite common in Singapore and there are nearly 200,000 domestic helpers there.
In 2010, three quarters of Singaporean residents live in properties that are equal to or larger than a four-room HDB flat or in private housing.
Home ownership rate is at 87.2%.
Mobile phone penetration rate is extremely high at 1,400 mobile phone subscribers per 1000 people.
Around 1 in 10 residents owns a car.
The total fertility rate is estimated to be .79 children per woman in 2013, the lowest in the world and well below the 2.1 needed to replace the population.
To overcome this problem, the Singapore government has been encouraging foreigners to immigrate to Singapore for the past few decades.
The large number of immigrants has kept Singapore's population from declining.
Singapore traditionally has one of the lowest unemployment rates among developed countries.
The Singaporean unemployment rate has not exceeded 4% in the past decade, hitting a high of 3% during the 2009 global financial crisis and falling to 1.9% in 2011., about 40% of Singapore's residents were foreigners, one of the highest percentage in the world.
The government is considering capping these workers, although it has been recognised that they are crucial to the country's economy, as foreign workers make up 80% of the construction industry and up to 50% of the service industry.
In 2009, the government census reports that 74.2% of residents were of Chinese, 13.4% of Malay, and 9.2% of Indian descent, while Eurasians and other groups form 3.2%.
Prior to 2010, each person could register as a member of only one race, by default that of his or her father, therefore, mixed-race persons were solely grouped under their father's race in government censuses.
From 2010 onward, people may register using a "double-barrelled" classification, in which they may choose one primary race and one secondary race, but no more than two.
Article: Toy Story
Section: Soundtrack

Question: Who created the soundtrack for the original Toy Story movie?

The soundtrack for "Toy Story" was produced by Walt Disney Records and was released on November 22, 1995, the week of the film's release.
Scored and written by Randy Newman, the soundtrack has received praise for its "sprightly, stirring score".
Despite the album's critical success, the soundtrack only peaked at number 94 on the "Billboard" 200 album chart.
A cassette and CD single release of "You've Got a Friend in Me" was released on April 12, 1996, in order to promote the soundtrack's release.
The soundtrack was remastered in 2006 and although it is no longer available physically, the album is available for purchase digitally in retailers such as iTunes.
Tracklisting
Charts
Article: Italy
Section: Infrastructure

Question: How many units were in the Italiam civilian air fleet in 2005?

In 2004 the transport sector in Italy generated a turnover of about 119.4 billion euros, employing 935,700 persons in 153,700 enterprises.
Regarding the national road network, in 2002 there were of serviceable roads in Italy, including of motorways, state-owned but privately operated by Atlantia.
In 2005, about 34,667,000 passenger cars (590 cars per 1,000 people) and 4,015,000 goods vehicles circulated on the national road network.
The national railway network, state-owned and operated by Ferrovie dello Stato, in 2003 totalled of which 69% is electrified, and on which 4,937 locomotives and railcars circulated.
The national inland waterways network comprised of navigable rivers and channels in 2002.
In 2004 there were approximately 30 main airports (including the two hubs of Malpensa International in Milan and Leonardo da Vinci International in Rome) and 43 major seaports (including the seaport of Genoa, the country's largest and second largest in the Mediterranean Sea).
In 2005 Italy maintained a civilian air fleet of about 389,000 units and a merchant fleet of 581 ships.
Article: Lights (musician)
Section: 2010–present: "Acoustic" EP, "Siberia", "Siberia Acoustic", and "Tour"

Question: When did Lights release Toes?

She toured from January–May 2010 with contemporary synthpop artist Owl City in Canada, USA, and Europe.
Lights is featured on Owl City's song "The Yacht Club" on his album "All Things Bright and Beautiful" which was released on June 14, 2011, as well as appearing in the music video for another one of Owl City's songs "Deer in the Headlights."
Plans for future duets are in the works.
She was also in the summer 2010 Lilith Fair official lineup.
She went on a two week solo UK tour in May 2010 being supported by fellow Canadian artist Rich Aucoin for most of her shows.
Additionally, Lights was a special guest for pop-rock band Hedley's The Show Must Go... On The Road Tour, as well as These Kids Wear Crowns.
Lights released an acoustic EP titled "Acoustic" in July 2010.
Her debut for the album was at the University of Waterloo, where she had received most of her inspiration for the album.
That same month, she began her six-date tour around the US, performing her songs acoustically.
In September, she toured with Hedley for eight dates on the Ontario leg of their Canadian tour.
In October 2010, Bring Me The Horizon's album "There Is a Hell, Believe Me I've Seen It.
There Is a Heaven, Let's Keep It a Secret" featured Lights as a guest vocalist on the songs "Crucify Me" and "Don't Go."
She is also featured on The Secret Handshake's song "Used to be Sweet" from their album "Night and Day".
In October 2010, Lights released "My Boots."
She also left on her headlining tour with Jeremy Fisher.
On June 18, 2011 at the Utopia Music Festival, Lights performed three new songs called "Toes," "Where the Fence is Low," and "Everybody Breaks a Glass.
"The single "Toes" was released on August 16, 2011 as the first single to Lights' second studio album, "Siberia".
After signing with Last Gang Records her album was delayed due to criticism from the label executives.
Though reluctant to tell full details of delays, the shift in style to a more gritty sound was a risk worried about by Last Gang Records.
The full-length album was released online in the US and Canada on October 4, 2011 and went on iTunes stores in Australia on October 28.
Siberia received positive reviews from many critics and was nominated for a Juno Award for Best Pop Album of the Year.
Lights says her favorite song on "Siberia" is "Flux and Flow.
"In July 2012, Lights's husband revealed that she was working on an acoustic version of "Siberia".
She seconded this by posting a photo on Twitter shortly after with a piano and acoustic guitars with the caption, "My station today.
Kind of intimidating..."On March 15, 2013, Lights released an acoustic version of "Cactus in the Valley" featuring Owl City as a single in the UK.
The album, "Siberia Acoustic", was released on April 30, 2013, and reached Number 7 in Canada.
She toured select dates around North America in support of the album, with Dear Rouge opening select dates and Lianne La Havas opening other select dates.
Article: Terminator Salvation
Section: Release

Question: Why was the release of Terminator Salvation delayed in Mexico?

The film was released in North America on May 21, 2009 with Warner Bros. setting the American premiere on May 14, 2009 at the Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood.
Elsewhere, Sony Pictures Entertainment released the film in most overseas territories on different dates in June.
One exception was Mexico, however, because of the swine flu outbreak in the country, which forced Sony to push the release date to July 31, 2009.
It is rated PG-13 by the Motion Picture Association of America for "intense sequences of sci-fi violence, action, and language," unlike the previous R-rated films.
The decision to release the film with a PG-13 rating has met with much criticism from fans, as well as the media.
The rating decision was made after McG cut out a shot of Marcus stabbing a thug with a screwdriver, as the director felt disallowing the young audience due to that one shot was unfair.
He also deleted a topless scene for Moon Bloodgood because, "It was a soft moment between a man and a woman that was designed to echo the Kelly McGillis/Harrison Ford moment in "Witness" in the end, it felt more like a gratuitous moment of a girl taking her top off in an action picture, and I didn't want that to convolute the story or the characters."
The producers had expected the rating because of the modern leniency towards violence in PG-13 films, such as the 2007 action film, "Live Free or Die Hard".
Article: Looper (film)
Section: Release

Question: What distributor released the film Looper in the US?

"Looper" premiered on September 6, 2012 at the opening night of the Toronto International Film Festival.
The film was then released theatrically in the United States on , 2012 by FilmDistrict, who obtained the domestic rights from production company Endgame Entertainment at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival.
In turn, FilmDistrict chose to release the film with TriStar Pictures.
The Chinese release of the film reintegrates a substantial number of scenes set in Shanghai.
The move was requested by Chinese production company DMG Entertainment in order to further appeal to Chinese audiences.
Several of these scenes were shortened or cut for the American release.
Johnson released a free audio commentary on SoundCloud to be downloaded and listened to during the film, with the warning: "Needless to say, this is NOT to be listened to on a first viewing, or before you've seen the film."