community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Henry Moore
Section: World War Two

Question: what year did moore resign?

At the outbreak of the Second World War the Chelsea School of Art was evacuated to Northampton and Moore resigned his teaching post.
During the war, Moore produced powerful drawings of Londoners sleeping in the London Underground while sheltering from the Blitz.
Kenneth Clark, the chairman of the War Artists' Advisory Committee,WAAC, had previously tried to recruit Moore as a full-time salaried war artist and now agreed to purchase some of the shelter drewings and issued contracts for further examples.
The shelter drawings WAAC acquired were completed between the autumn of 1940 and the spring of 1941 and are regarded as among the finest products of the WAAC scheme.
In August 1941 WAAC commissioned Moore to drew miners working underground at the Wheldale Colliery in Yorkshire, where his father had worked at the start of the century.
Whereas Moore drew the people in the shelters as passively waiting the all-clear he shows the miners aggressively working the coal-faces.
These drawings helped to boost Moore's international reputation, particularly in America where examples were included in the WAAC "Britain at War" exhibition which toured North America throughout the war.
After their Hampstead home was hit by bomb shrapnel in September 1940, Moore and Irina moved out of London to live in a farmhouse called Hoglands in the hamlet of Perry Green near Much Hadham, Hertfordshire.
This was to become Moore's home and workshop for the rest of his life.
Despite acquiring significant wealth later in life, Moore never felt the need to move to larger premises and, apart from the addition of a number of outbuildings and studios, the house changed little over the years.
In 1943 he received a commission from the Church of St. Matthew, Northampton, to carve a Madonna and Child; this sculpture was the first in an important series of family-group sculptures.
Article: Beach volleyball
Section: Block signals

Question: What are hand signals used in beach volleyball

Beach volleyball players use hand signals to indicate the type of block they intend to make.
Block signals are made behind the back to hide them from the opposing team.
They are usually given with both hands by the serving player's partner prior to the serve, with each hand referring to the type of block that should be put up against an attack from the corresponding opponent.
A player may also "wiggle" or "flash" one block signal to indicate which opponent to serve to.
If the server is the designated blocker, he or she may run up to the net to block after serving.
Otherwise, the signaling player will perform the block.
Block signals may also be given during a rally while the opposing team is preparing their attack.
Article: Blackfish (film)
Section: Home media

Question: Blackfish was released on which date in the UK?

"Blackfish" was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 26, 2013 in the UK (Region 2, PAL).
Its US release was on November 12, 2013.
The documentary was broadcast on CNN on October 24, 2013.
After the broadcast, CNN aired an Anderson Cooper special with Jack Hanna, Gabriela Cowperthwaite, Naomi Rose and Jack Hurley.
This was followed by a special edition of "Crossfire" with "Blackfish" associate producer Tim Zimmermann debating Grey Stafford, a conservationist, zoologist, and member of the International Marine Animal Trainers Association.
The documentary aired on BBC Four in the UK on November 21, 2013 as part of the "Storyville" documentary series.
Article: Switzerland
Section: Literature

Question: When did Spyri die?

As the Confederation, from its foundation in 1291, was almost exclusively composed of German-speaking regions, the earliest forms of literature are in German.
In the 18th century, French became the fashionable language in Bern and elsewhere, while the influence of the French-speaking allies and subject lands was more marked than before.
Among the classics of Swiss German literature are Jeremias Gotthelf (1797–1854) and Gottfried Keller (1819–1890).
The undisputed giants of 20th century Swiss literature are Max Frisch (1911–91) and Friedrich Dürrenmatt (1921–90), whose repertoire includes "Die Physiker" (The Physicists) and "Das Versprechen" (), released in 2001 as a Hollywood film.
Prominent French-speaking writers were Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) and Germaine de Staël (1766–1817).
More recent authors include Charles Ferdinand Ramuz (1878–1947), whose novels describe the lives of peasants and mountain dwellers, set in a harsh environment and Blaise Cendrars (born Frédéric Sauser, 1887–1961).
Also Italian and Romansh-speaking authors contributed but in more modest way given their small number.
Probably the most famous Swiss literary creation, "Heidi", the story of an orphan girl who lives with her grandfather in the Alps, is one of the most popular children's books ever and has come to be a symbol of Switzerland.
Her creator, Johanna Spyri (1827–1901), wrote a number of other books around similar themes.
Article: Assassination of William McKinley
Section: Abstract

Question: What was the cause of William McKinley's death?

The 25th President of the United States, William McKinley, was shot and fatally wounded on September 6, 1901, inside the Temple of Music on the grounds of the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.
McKinley was shaking hands with the public when he was shot by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist.
The President died on September 14 from gangrene caused by the bullet wounds.
McKinley had been elected for a second term in 1900.
He enjoyed meeting the public, and was reluctant to accept the security available to his office.
The Secretary to the President, George B. Cortelyou, feared an assassination attempt would take place during a visit to the Temple of Music, and twice took it off the schedule.
McKinley restored it each time.
Czolgosz had lost his job during the economic Panic of 1893 and turned to anarchism, a political philosophy whose adherents had recently killed foreign leaders.
Regarding McKinley as a symbol of oppression, Czolgosz felt it was his duty as an anarchist to kill him.
Unable to get near McKinley during the earlier part of the presidential visit, Czolgosz shot McKinley twice as the President reached to shake his hand in the reception line at the temple.
One bullet grazed McKinley; the other entered his abdomen and was never found.
McKinley initially appeared to be recovering, but took a turn for the worse on September 13 as his wounds became gangrenous, and died early the next morning; Vice President Theodore Roosevelt succeeded him.
After McKinley's murder, for which Czolgosz was put to death in the electric chair, the United States Congress passed legislation to officially charge the Secret Service with the responsibility for protecting the president.
Article: The Dark Knight Rises
Section: Costume design

Question: Who was responsible for the creation of a three-dimensional model of Tom Hardy's face?

Costume design.
Costume designer Lindy Hemming explained that Bane uses a mask to inhale an analgesic gas, which, in director Christopher Nolan's words, "keeps his pain just below the threshold so he can function."
In designing Bane's costume, Hemming needed it to look "like an amalgam of all sorts of bits and pieces he cobbled together, as he passed through some very remote places.
We made parts of his vest, for example, from fragments of an old military tent.
His clothes are militaristic, but are not in any way a uniform."
Hemming also designed Bane's mask to look "animalistic".
Costume effects supervisor Graham Churchyard created a three-dimensional model of actor Tom Hardy's face and skull to design the mask, allowing the mask to perfectly conform to the contours of Hardy's face.
Hemming personally designed Bane's coat, which she admitted took two years to complete.
Taking inspiration from a Swedish army jacket and a frock coat from the French Revolution, it was designed to make Bane look like equal parts dictatorial and revolutionary.
The design was difficult as Hemming struggled to find a tailor in Los Angeles who could work with shearling.
The Batsuit consisted of 110 separate pieces, each of which had to be replicated dozens of times over the course of the production.
The base layer was made of a polyester mesh that is utilized by the military and high-tech sports manufacturers because of its breathability and moisture-wicking properties.
Molded pieces of flexible urethane were then attached to the mesh, to form the overall body armor plating.
Carbon fiber panels were placed inside the sections on the legs, chest and abdomen.
The cowl was sculpted from a cast of Bale's face and head to become a perfect fit for Christian Bale.
The suit remained unchanged for the film since "The Dark Knight".
In creating Selina Kyle's catsuit, two layers of material were used, with the outer layer being polyurethane coated spandex, embossed with a hexagonal pattern.
The catsuit also consisted of elbow-length gloves, a utility belt, and thigh-high boots with spike heels.
Article: Yogurt
Section: Beverages

Question: What do you mix with water to make dugh?

Dugh ("dawghe" in Neo-Aramaic), ayran or dhallë is a yogurt-based, salty drink popular in Iran, Albania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, the Republic of Macedonia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
It is made by mixing yogurt with water and (sometimes) salt.
The same drink is known as "doogh" in Iran; "tan" in Armenia; "laban ayran" in Syria and Lebanon; "shenina" in Iraq and Jordan; "laban arbil" in Iraq; "majjiga" (Telugu), "majjige" (Kannada), and "moru" (Tamil and Malayalam) in South India; namkeen "lassi" in Punjab and all over Pakistan.
A similar drink, doogh, is popular in the Middle East between Lebanon, Iran, and Iraq; it differs from ayran by the addition of herbs, usually mint, and is sometimes carbonated, commonly with carbonated water.
Borhani (or Burhani) is a spicy yogurt drink popular in Bangladesh and parts of Bengal.
It is usually served with kacchi biryani at weddings and special feasts.
Key ingredients are yogurt blended with mint leaves (mentha), mustard seeds and black rock salt (Kala Namak).
Ground roasted cumin, ground white pepper, green chili pepper paste and sugar are often added.
Lassi (Hindi: लस्सी, Urdu: لسی) is a yogurt-based beverage originally from the Indian subcontinent that is usually slightly salty or sweet.
Lassi is a staple in Punjab.
In some parts of the subcontinent, the sweet version may be commercially flavored with rosewater, mango or other fruit juice to create a very different drink.
Salty lassi is usually flavored with ground, roasted cumin and red chilies; this salty variation may also use buttermilk, and in India is interchangeably called "ghol" (Bengal), "mattha" (North India), "majjige" (Karnataka), "majjiga" (Andhra Pradesh), "moru" (Tamil Nadu and Kerala), "Dahi paani" (Odisha), "tak" (Maharashtra), or "chaas" (Gujarat).
Lassi is very widely drunk in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.
Mango Lassi is a popular drink at Indian restaurants in US.
In Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia, an unsweetened and unsalted yogurt drink usually called simply "jogurt" is a popular accompaniment to "burek" and other bakery products.
Sweetened yogurt drinks are the usual form in Europe (including the UK) and the US, containing fruit and added sweeteners.
These are typically called "drinking / drinkable yogurt", such as Yop and BioBest Smoothie.
Also available are "yogurt smoothies", which contain a higher proportion of fruit and are more like smoothies.
In Ecuador, yogurt smoothies flavored with native fruit are served with pan de yuca as a common type of fast food.
Also in Turkey, yogurt-soup or "Yayla Çorbası" is a popular way of consuming yogurt.
The soup is a mix of yogurt, rice, flour and dried mint.
Article: International Space Station
Section: Mission controls

Question: Which French facility is responsible for monitoring the International Space Station?

The components of the ISS are operated and monitored by their respective space agencies at mission control centres across the globe, including:
 Roskosmos's Mission Control Center at Korolyov, Moscow Oblast, controls the Russian Orbital Segment which handles Guidance, Navigation & Control for the entire Station., in addition to individual Soyuz and Progress missions.
 ESA's ATV Control Centre, at the Toulouse Space Centre (CST) in Toulouse, France, controls flights of the unmanned European Automated Transfer Vehicle.
 JAXA's JEM Control Centre and HTV Control Centre at Tsukuba Space Centre (TKSC) in Tsukuba, Japan, are responsible for operating the Japanese Experiment Module complex and all flights of the 'White Stork' HTV Cargo spacecraft, respectively.
 NASA's Mission Control Center at Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, USA, serves as the primary control facility for the United States segment of the ISS and also controlled the Space Shuttle missions that visited the station.
 NASA's Payload Operations and Integration Center at Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, coordinates payload operations in the USOS.
 ESA's Columbus Control Centre at the German Aerospace Centre (DLR) in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, manages the European "Columbus" research laboratory.
 CSA's MSS Control at Saint-Hubert, Quebec, Canada, controls and monitors the Mobile Servicing System, or Canadarm2.
Article: Popcorn
Section: Nutritional value

Question: How many grams of saturated fat are in a small popcorn?

Air-popped popcorn is naturally high in dietary fiber and antioxidants, low in calories and fat, and free of sugar and sodium.
This can make it an attractive snack to people with dietary restrictions on the intake of calories, fat, and/or sodium.
For the sake of flavor, however, large amounts of fat, sugar, and sodium are often added to prepared popcorn, which can quickly convert it to a very poor choice for those on restricted diets.
One particularly notorious example of this first came to public attention in the mid-1990s, when the Center for Science in the Public Interest produced a report about "Movie Popcorn", which became the subject of a widespread publicity campaign.
The movie theaters surveyed used coconut oil to pop the corn, and then topped it with butter or margarine.
"A medium-size buttered popcorn", the report said, "contains more fat than a breakfast of bacon and eggs, a Big Mac and fries, and a steak dinner combined."
The practice continues today.
For example, according to DietFacts.com, a small popcorn from Regal Cinema Group (the largest theater chain in the United States) still contains 29 g of saturated fat.
the equivalent of a full day-and-a-half's reference daily intake.
Article: This Is Not a Film
Section: Abstract

Question: Where was the This in Not a Film made?

This Is Not a Film () is an Iranian documentary film by Jafar Panahi and Mojtaba Mirtahmasb.
It was released on 28 September 2011 in France, distributed by Kanibal Films Distribution.
The film was smuggled from Iran to Cannes in a flash drive hidden inside a birthday cake.
It was specially screened at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival and later at the New York Film Festival, and others.
It also took part in the International Competition of the 27th Warsaw International Film Festival.
Article: Bacon
Section: Bacon mania

Question: What type of online club has Bobby Flay endorsed?

 mania.
The United States and Canada have seen an increase in the popularity of bacon and bacon related recipes, dubbed "bacon mania".
The sale of bacon in the U.S. has increased significantly since 2011.
Sales climbed 9.5% in 2013, making it an all-time high of nearly $4 billion in U.S.
In a survey conducted by Smithfield, 65% of Americans would support bacon as their "national food."
Dishes such as bacon explosion, chicken fried bacon, and chocolate-covered bacon have been popularised over the internet, as has using candied bacon.
Recipes spread quickly through both countries' national media, culinary blogs, and YouTube.
Restaurants have organized and are organizing bacon and beer tasting nights, "The New York Times" reported on bacon infused with Irish whiskey used for Saint Patrick's Day cocktails, and celebrity chef Bobby Flay has endorsed a "Bacon of the Month" club online, in print, and on national television.
Commentators explain this surging interest in bacon by reference to what they deem American cultural characteristics.
Sarah Hepola, in a 2008 article in Salon.com, suggests a number of reasons, one of them being that eating bacon in the modern, health-conscious world is an act of rebellion: "Loving bacon is like shoving a middle finger in the face of all that is healthy and holy while an unfiltered cigarette smoulders between your lips."
She also suggests bacon is sexy (with a reference to Sarah Katherine Lewis' book "Sex and Bacon"), kitsch, and funny.
Hepola concludes by saying that "Bacon is American".
Alison Cook, writing in the "Houston Chronicle", argues the case of bacon's American citizenship by referring to historical and geographical uses of bacon.
Early American literature echoes the sentiment—in Ebenezer Cooke's 1708 poem "The Sot-Weed Factor", a satire of life in early colonial America, the narrator already complains that practically all the food in America was bacon-infused.
Article: Sistine Chapel ceiling
Section: In popular culture

Question: How old was the Sistine chapel when it fell?

In many works, the painting of God and Adam are parodied.
See The Creation of Adam for more.
In the film "2012", the entire College of Cardinals are seen praying silently under the ceiling.
The ceiling then starts to crack, commencing at the point where God's and Adam's fingers nearly touch, dividing the two.
In "", the Sistine chapel is seen falling after 500 years.
In Pastafarianism, a parody of the painting is shown as the Flying Spaghetti Monster reaching a noodly appendage out to Adam.
Playwright Neil Simon's quote about the Sistine floor-"If no one took any risks, Michaelangelo would have painted the Sistine floor.
"
The 1965 film "The Agony and the Ecstasy" features the story of Michelangelo and his travails in painting the Sistine Chapel.
He is portrayed in the film by Charlton Heston.
In the 2009 film "Angels & Demons" and also in the 2000 book on which the film is based, the chapel is featured throughout the story.
Article: Disneyland
Section: Lands

Question: When did Holidayland close at Disneyland Park?

Disneyland Park consists of eight themed "lands" and a number of concealed backstage areas, and occupies approximately .
The park opened with "Main Street, U.S.A.", "Adventureland", "Frontierland", "Fantasyland", and "Tomorrowland", and has since added New Orleans Square in 1966, Bear Country (later Critter Country) in 1972, and Mickey's Toontown in 1993.
In 1957, Holidayland, opened to the public with a recreation area including a circus and baseball diamond, but was closed in late 1961.
It is often referred to as the "lost" land of Disneyland.
Throughout the park are 'Hidden Mickeys', representations of Mickey Mouse heads inserted subtly into the design of attractions and environmental decor.
An elevated berm supports the narrow gauge Disneyland Railroad that circumnavigates the park.
Article: Kung Fu Panda
Section: Abstract

Question: When was "Kung Fu Panda 2" released?

Kung Fu Panda is a 2008 American computer-animated action comedy wuxia film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures.
It was directed by John Stevenson and Mark Osborne and produced by Melissa Cobb, and stars the voices of Jack Black, Dustin Hoffman, Angelina Jolie, Jackie Chan, Lucy Liu, Seth Rogen, David Cross, Ian McShane, Randall Duk Kim, James Hong, Dan Fogler, and Michael Clarke Duncan.
Set in a version of ancient China populated by anthropomorphic talking animals, the plot revolves around a bumbling panda named Po who aspires to be a kung fu master.
When an evil kung fu warrior is foretold to escape from prison, Po is unwittingly named the chosen one destined to bring peace to the land, much to the chagrin of the resident kung fu warriors.
The idea for the film was conceived by Michael Lachance, a DreamWorks Animation executive.
The film was originally intended to be a parody, but director Stevenson decided instead to shoot an action comedy wuxia film that incorporates the hero's journey narrative archetype for the lead character.
The computer animation in the film was more complex than anything DreamWorks had done before.
As with most DreamWorks animated films, Hans Zimmer (collaborating with John Powell this time) scored "Kung Fu Panda".
He visited China to absorb the culture and get to know the China National Symphony Orchestra as part of his preparation.
A sequel, "Kung Fu Panda 2", was released on May 26, 2011, along with a television series, "" later that same year as a part of a franchise.
The third installment called "Kung Fu Panda 3" will debut in December 23, 2015.
"Kung Fu Panda" premiered in the United States on June 6, 2008, and has since received very favorable reviews from critics and much of the movie-going public.
The film currently garners an 88% "Certified Fresh" approval rating from review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes.
"Kung Fu Panda" opened in 4,114 theaters, grossing $20.3 million on its opening day and $60.2 million on its opening weekend, resulting in the number one position at the box office.
The film became DreamWorks' biggest opening for a non-sequel film, the highest grossing animated film of the year worldwide, and also had the fourth-largest opening weekend for a DreamWorks animated film at the American and Canadian box office, behind "Shrek 2", "Shrek the Third", and "Shrek Forever After".
Article: NCIS (TV series)
Section: Abstract

Question: Explain the show NCIS.

NCIS (TV series)NCIS is an American police procedural drama television series, revolving around a fictional team of special agents from the Naval Criminal Investigative Service, which conducts criminal investigations involving the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps.
The concept and characters were initially introduced in two episodes of the CBS series "JAG" (season eight episodes "Ice Queen" and "Meltdown").
The show, a spin-off from "JAG", premiered on September 23, 2003, on CBS.
To date it has aired for ten full seasons and has gone into broadcast syndication on USA Network.
Donald P. Bellisario is co-creator, along with Don McGill, as well as executive producer.
"NCIS" was originally referred to as Navy NCIS during season one; "Navy" was later dropped from the title.
In season seven, "NCIS" led to a spin-off series, "", starring Chris O'Donnell and LL Cool J.
In 2011, "NCIS" was voted America’s favorite television show.
The series finished its tenth season as the most-watched television series in the U.S. during the 2012–13 TV season.
On March 13, 2014, CBS renewed the series for a twelfth season.