community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Blackfish (film)
Section: SeaWorld response

Question: Who were the recipients of the letters from the Oceanic Preservation Society and The Orca Project?

SeaWorld Entertainment refused to take part in the production of "Blackfish", and later claimed the film was inaccurate, saying in a statement:SeaWorld responded further with an open letter rebutting the claims.
The Oceanic Preservation Society and The Orca Project, a non-profit focusing on orca in captivity, responded with open letters criticizing SeaWorld's claims.
Marine researcher Debbie Giles also offered rebuttals to SeaWorld, finding its assertions inaccurate.
SeaWorld also created a section of its website titled "Truth About Blackfish," addressing the claims stated above and highlighting other problems with the film:
The implication that SeaWorld separates mothers and very young calves, pointing out that Tillikum was not collected by SeaWorld; that Takara was 12 years old when moved and Kalina was moved when she was over 4 years old.
The inclusion of a SeaWorld video of a female trainer riding a killer whale, while one of the cast members, Samantha Berg, talks about her experience at Shamu Stadium, pointing out that the segment implies that Berg had relevant experience when the video used in the film was actually shot 10 years "after" Berg had left SeaWorld (The trainer depicted in the video is not Berg but rather a current SeaWorld employee at the time of "Blackfish"'s production).
The film's use of animal rights activists who have aggressively campaigned against marine mammal display and have no expertise with killer whale behavior in captivity, specifically Howard Garrett, Lori Marino and Ken Balcomb; the film's reliance on statements by David Duffus, a professor of geography whom Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Judge Kenneth Welsch found "has no expertise in the training of captive killer whales."
The film's use of false and misleading statements about the circumstances of Brancheau’s death, specifically the opening sequence's separate generic training and performance footage edited together and synched with actual 911 calls, "to mislead the audience into believing it is viewing the actual footage of Ms. Brancheau swimming with Tilikum prior to the fatal incident," when the opening sequence does not depict either Brancheau or Tilikum, or even an attack, and that no one was ever allowed to swim in the water with Tilikum, including Brancheau; and the use of an edited recording of an EMT technician, subsequently proved to be mistaken, suggesting that Tilikum swallowed Brancheau’s arm during the attack.
On February 27, 2014, SeaWorld filed a complaint with the U.S. Department of Labor, claiming the Occupational Safety and Health Administration investigator who investigated Brancheau's death had behaved unethically by aiding the filmmakers.
Cowperthwaite denied claims of improper collaboration.
In March 2014, Cowperthwaite responded with rebuttals to several but not all of SeaWorld's website claims and challenged SeaWorld to a public debate.
Article: Chernobyl disaster
Section: The Exclusion Zone

Question: What is the human population of the Exclusion Zone?

An area originally extending in all directions from the plant is officially called the "zone of alienation".
It is largely uninhabited, except for about 300 residents who have refused to leave.
The area has largely reverted to forest, and has been overrun by wildlife because of a lack of competition with humans for space and resources.
Even today, radiation levels are so high that the workers responsible for rebuilding the sarcophagus are only allowed to work five hours a day for one month before taking 15 days of rest.
Ukrainian officials estimate the area will not be safe for human life again for another 20,000 years.
In 2011 Ukraine opened up the sealed zone around the Chernobyl reactor to tourists who wish to learn more about the tragedy that occurred in 1986.
Article: Russia
Section: Architecture

Question: since 1991, how many orthodox churches have been rebuilt?

Since the Christianization of Kievan Rus' for several ages Russian architecture was influenced predominantly by the Byzantine architecture.
Apart from fortifications (kremlins), the main stone buildings of ancient Rus' were Orthodox churches with their many domes, often gilded or brightly painted.
Aristotle Fioravanti and other Italian architects brought Renaissance trends into Russia since the late 15th century, while the 16th century saw the development of unique tent-like churches culminating in Saint Basil's Cathedral.
By that time the onion dome design was also fully developed.
In the 17th century, the "fiery style" of ornamentation flourished in Moscow and Yaroslavl, gradually paving the way for the Naryshkin baroque of the 1690s.
After the reforms of Peter the Great the change of architectural styles in Russia generally followed that in the Western Europe.
The 18th-century taste for rococo architecture led to the ornate works of Bartolomeo Rastrelli and his followers.
The reigns of Catherine the Great and her grandson Alexander I saw the flourishing of Neoclassical architecture, most notably in the capital city of Saint Petersburg.
The second half of the 19th century was dominated by the Neo-Byzantine and Russian Revival styles.
Prevalent styles of the 20th century were the Art Nouveau, Constructivism, and the Stalin Empire style.
In 1955, a new Soviet leader, Nikita Khrushchev, condemned the "excesses" of the former academic architecture, and the late Soviet era was dominated by plain functionalism in architecture.
This helped somewhat to resolve the housing problem, but created a large quantity of buildings of low architectural quality, much in contrast with the previous bright styles.
The situation improved in the recent two decades.
Many temples demolished in Soviet times were rebuilt, and this process continues along with the restoration of various historical buildings destroyed in World War II.
A total of 23,000 Orthodox churches have been rebuilt between 1991 and 2010, which effectively quadrapled the number of operating churches in Russia.
Article: Friends
Section: "Joey"

Question: What year did the series finale of "Friends" take place?

Spin-offs.
After the series finale in 2004, LeBlanc signed on for the spin-off series, "Joey", following Joey's move to Los Angeles to pursue his acting career.
Kauffman and Crane were not interested in the spin-off, although Bright agreed to executive produce the series with Scott Silveri and Shana Goldberg-Meehan.
NBC heavily promoted "Joey" and gave it "Friends"' Thursday 8:00 pm timeslot.
The pilot was watched by 18.60 million American viewers, but ratings continually decreased throughout the series' two seasons, averaging 10.20 million viewers in the first season and 7.10 million in the second.
The final broadcast episode on March 7, 2006 was watched by 7.09 million viewers; NBC cancelled the series on May 15, 2006 after two seasons.
Bright blamed the collaboration between NBC executives, the studio and other producers for quickly ruining the series:
Article: Astrology
Section: Western politics and society

Question: When did Quigley's role end?

Cultural impact.
Western politics and society.
In the West, political leaders have sometimes consulted astrologers.
Louis de Wohl worked as an astrologer for the British intelligence agency MI5, after it was claimed that Hitler used astrology to time his actions.
The War Office was "interested to know what Hitler's own astrologers would be telling him from week to week".
In fact, de Wohl's predictions were so inaccurate that he was soon labelled a "complete charlatan" and it was later shown that Hitler considered astrology to be "complete nonsense".
After John Hinckley's attempted assassination of U.S. President Ronald Reagan, first lady Nancy Reagan commissioned astrologer Joan Quigley to act as the secret White House astrologer.
However, Quigley's role ended in 1988 when it became public through the memoirs of former chief of staff, Donald Regan.
There was a boom in interest in astrology in the late 1960s.
The sociologist Marcello Truzzi described three levels of involvement of "Astrology-believers" to account for its revived popularity in the face of scientific discrediting.
He found that most astrology-believers did not claim it was a scientific explanation with predictive power.
Instead, those superficially involved, knowing "next to nothing" about astrology's 'mechanics', read newspaper astrology columns, and could benefit from "tension-management of anxieties" and "a cognitive belief-system that transcends science".
Those at the second level usually had their horoscopes cast and sought advice and predictions.
They were much younger than those at the first level, and could benefit from knowledge of the language of astrology and the resulting ability to belong to a coherent and exclusive group.
Those at the third level were highly involved and usually cast horoscopes for themselves.
Astrology provided this small minority of astrology-believers with a ""meaningful" view of their universe and them an "understanding" of their place in it."
This third group took astrology seriously, possibly as a "sacred canopy", whereas the other two groups took it playfully and irreverently.
In 1953, sociologist Theodor W. Adorno conducted a study of the astrology column of a Los Angeles newspaper as part of a project examining mass culture in capitalist society.
Adorno believed that popular astrology, as a device, invariably led to statements which encouraged conformity, and that astrologers who went against conformity with statement discouraging performance at work etc.
would risk losing their jobs.
Adorno concluded that astrology was a large-scale manifestation of systematic irrationalism, where individuals were subtly being led to believe that the author of the column was addressing them directly through the use of flattery and vague generalisations.
Adorno drew a parallel with the phrase opium of the people, by Karl Marx, by commenting "occultism is the metaphysic of the dopes".
A 2005 Gallup poll and a 2009 survey by the Pew Research Center reported that 25% of U.S. adults believe in astrology.
Article: Sweden
Section: Law, law enforcement, and judicial system

Question: The prisons were closed in which locations?

The Supreme Court of Sweden is the third and final instance in all civil and criminal cases in Sweden.
Before a case can be decided by the Supreme Court, leave to appeal must be obtained, and with few exceptions, leave to appeal can be granted only when the case is of interest as a precedent.
The Supreme Court consists of 16 Councillors of Justice, or "justitieråd", which are appointed by the government, but the court as an institution is independent of the Riksdag, and the government is not able to interfere with the decisions of the court.
The law is enforced in Sweden by several government entities.
The Swedish Police Service is a Government agency concerned with police matters.
The National Task Force is a national SWAT unit within the National Criminal Investigation Department.
The Swedish Security Service's responsibilities are counter-espionage, anti-terrorist activities, protection of the constitution and protection of sensitive objects and people.
According to a victimization survey of 1,201 residents in 2005, Sweden has above-average crime rates compared to other EU countries.
Sweden has high or above-average levels of assaults, sexual assaults, hate crimes, and consumer fraud.
Sweden has low levels of burglary, car theft and drug problems.
Bribe seeking is rare.
A mid-November 2013 news report announced that four prisons in Sweden were closed during the year due to a significant drop in the number of inmates.
The decrease in the number of Swedish prisoners was considered "out-of-the-ordinary" by the head of Sweden's prison and probation services, with prison numbers in Sweden falling by around 1% a year since 2004.
Prisons were closed in the towns of Åby, Håja, Båtshagen, and Kristianstad.
Article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Section: Abstract

Question: When did Abraham Lincoln die?

United States President Abraham Lincoln was shot on Good Friday, April 14, 1865, while attending the play "Our American Cousin" at Ford's Theatre as the American Civil War was drawing to a close.
The assassination occurred five days after the commander of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, General Robert E. Lee, surrendered to Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant and the Union Army of the Potomac, ending the American Civil War.
Lincoln was the first American president to be assassinated, though an unsuccessful attempt had been made on Andrew Jackson 30 years before in 1835.
The assassination of Lincoln was planned and carried out by the well-known stage actor John Wilkes Booth, as part of a larger conspiracy in a bid to revive the Confederate cause.
Booth's co-conspirators were Lewis Powell and David Herold, who were assigned to kill Secretary of State William H. Seward, and George Atzerodt who was to kill Vice President Andrew Johnson.
By simultaneously eliminating the top three people in the administration, Booth and his co-conspirators hoped to sever the continuity of the United States government.
Lincoln was shot while watching the play "Our American Cousin" with his wife Mary Todd Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C..
He died early the next morning.
The rest of the conspirators' plot failed; Powell only managed to wound Seward, while Atzerodt, Johnson's would-be assassin, lost his nerve and fled to Washington.
Article: Doughnut
Section: United Kingdom

Question: What are common filling options for donuts?

In some parts of Scotland, ring doughnuts are referred to as "doughrings", with the 'doughnut' moniker being reserved exclusively for the nut-shaped variety.
Glazed, twisted rope-shaped doughnuts are known as "yum-yums".
It is also possible to buy fudge doughnuts in certain regions of Scotland.
Also known as doughnoughts, referring to the 'zero' shape or 'nought', being supplied in bakeries and supermarkets.
Fillings include jam, custard, cream, sweet mincemeat, chocolate and apple.
Common ring toppings are sprinkle-iced and chocolate.
In Northern Ireland, ring doughnuts are known as 'gravy rings', gravy being an archaic term for hot cooking oil.
Article: Zero Dark Thirty
Section: Objections over the unattributed use of recordings of 9/11 victims

Question: In who's name did her family make a charitable donation?

According to the relatives of Betty Ong, a flight attendant on a hijacked American Airlines plane, a clip from her call to headquarters was used in the beginning of the film without attribution.
They demanded that, if the film won any awards, the filmmakers apologize at the Academy Awards ceremony for using the clip without getting her heirs' consent.
Her family also asked that the film's U.S. distributors make a charitable donation in Ong's name, and should go on record that the Ong family does not endorse the use of torture.
The end of the film already includes a statement paying tribute to the victims and the families of the 9/11 attacks, and the film producers have already contributed to the memorial and museum being built at Ground Zero.
Mary and Frank Fetchet, parents of Brad Fetchet, who worked on the 89th floor of the World Trade Center's south tower, criticized the filmmakers for using a recording of their son's voicemail without permission.
The recording has previously been heard in broadcast TV news reports and in testimony for the 9/11 Commission.
Article: United Kingdom
Section: Healthcare

Question: Where does The U.K. rank in provision of healthcare according to the WHO in the year 2000?

Healthcare in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter and each country has its own system of private and publicly funded health care, together with alternative, holistic and complementary treatments.
Public healthcare is provided to all UK permanent residents and is mostly free at the point of need, being paid for from general taxation.
The World Health Organization, in 2000, ranked the provision of healthcare in the United Kingdom as fifteenth best in Europe and eighteenth in the world.
Regulatory bodies are organised on a UK-wide basis such as the General Medical Council, the Nursing and Midwifery Council and non-governmental-based, such as the Royal Colleges.
However, political and operational responsibility for healthcare lies with four national executives; healthcare in England is the responsibility of the UK Government; healthcare in Northern Ireland is the responsibility of the Northern Ireland Executive; healthcare in Scotland is the responsibility of the Scottish Government; and healthcare in Wales is the responsibility of the Welsh Assembly Government.
Each National Health Service has different policies and priorities, resulting in contrasts.
Since 1979 expenditure on healthcare has been increased significantly to bring it closer to the European Union average.
The UK spends around 8.4 per cent of its gross domestic product on healthcare, which is 0.5 percentage points below the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development average and about one percentage point below the average of the European Union.
Article: China
Section: Internationalization of the renminbi

Question: When did the renminbi become the eighth-most-traded currency in the world?

In November 2010, Russia began using the Chinese renminbi in its bilateral trade with China.
This was soon followed by Japan, Australia, Singapore, and the United Kingdom.
As a result of the rapid internationalization of the renminbi, it became the eighth-most-traded currency in the world in 2013.
Article: South Park
Section: Merchandising

Question: The South Park pinball machine was released when?

Merchandising related to the show is an industry which generates several million dollars a year.
In 1998, the top-selling specialty T-shirt in the United States was based on "South Park", and US$30 million in T-shirt sales was reached during the show's first season.
A "South Park" pinball machine was released in 1999 by Sega Pinball.
The companies Fun 4 All, Mezco Toyz, and Mirage have produced various South Park action figures, collectibles, and plush dolls.
Comedy Central entered into an agreement with Frito-Lay to sell 1.5 million bags of Cheesy Poofs, Cartman's favorite snack from the show, at Wal-Mart until the premiere of the second half of the fifteenth season on October 5, 2011.
Article: Japan
Section: Environment

Question: Several environmental laws were introduced in Japan in response to rising public concern in what year?

In the period of rapid economic growth after World War II, environmental policies were downplayed by the government and industrial corporations; as a result, environmental pollution was widespread in the 1950s and 1960s.
Responding to rising concern about the problem, the government introduced several environmental protection laws in 1970.
The oil crisis in 1973 also encouraged the efficient use of energy because of Japan's lack of natural resources.
Current environmental issues include urban air pollution (NOx, suspended particulate matter, and toxics), waste management, water eutrophication, nature conservation, climate change, chemical management and international co-operation for conservation.
Japan is one of the world's leaders in the development of new environment-friendly technologies, and is ranked 26th best in the world in the 2014 Environmental Performance Index.
As a signatory of the Kyoto Protocol, and host of the 1997 conference which created it, Japan is under treaty obligation to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions and to take other steps to curb climate change.
Article: Pretty Little Liars
Section: Abstract

Question: Who was the author of the book series "Pretty Little Liars"?

Pretty Little Liars is a series of young-adult novels by author Sara Shepard, beginning with 2006's inaugural entry of the same name.
The series follows the lives of four girls – Spencer Hastings, Hanna Marin, Aria Montgomery, and Emily Fields – whose clique falls apart after the disappearance of their leader, Alison DiLaurentis, in the summer after 7th grade.
Later, when the girls are juniors in high school, they begin receiving various messages from someone using the alias "A" who threatens to expose their secrets.
The novels explore several different topics and themes such as bullying, murder, drug addiction, underage drinking, eating disorders, homosexuality, peer-pressure, infidelity, and mental illness.
Moral ambiguity and the consequences of lying (suggested by the title) are featured prominently in the series; the girls constantly create their own problems through their unwillingness or inability to tell the truth about certain events and misdeeds they have done.
The novels have appeared on the "The New York Times" Best Seller list.
A television series adaptation loosely based on the novels debuted on June 8, 2010 on ABC Family.
The twelfth book in the series, "Burned", was released on December 4, 2012.
A prequel, "Ali's Pretty Little Lies", was released on January 2, 2013.
Additionally, a thirteenth book, "Crushed", was released June 4, 2013.
The fourteenth book, "Deadly", was released on December 3, 2013.
On June 3, 2014 the 15th book Toxic is to be released.
Shepard revealed that she is planning on writing three more novels for the series.
Article: Love the Way You Lie
Section: Personnel

Question: Which two people wrote the song "Love the Way You Lie"?

The credits for "Love the Way You Lie" are adapted from the liner notes of "Recovery".
 Eminem – mixing engineer, writer, vocalist
 Rihanna – vocalist
 Skylar Grey – writer
 Alex da Kid – mastering engineer, mixing engineer, producer, writer
 Mike Strange – mixing engineer, recording engineer
 Marcos Tovar – recording engineer
 Joe Strange – engineering assistant
 Spike Lindsey – engineering assistant
 Makeba Riddick – producer (vocals)
 J. Brow – guitarist