community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: United Arab Emirates
Section: Geography

Question: How long is The United Arab Emiates border with Saudi Arabia?

The United Arab Emirates is situated in Southwest Asia, bordering the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf, between Oman and Saudi Arabia; it is in a strategic location along southern approaches to the Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil.
The UAE lies between 22°30' and 26°10' north latitude and between 51° and 56°25′ east longitude.
It shares a 530-kilometer border with Saudi Arabia on the west, south, and southeast, and a 450-kilometer border with Oman on the southeast and northeast.
The land border with Qatar in the Khawr al Udayd area is about nineteen kilometers () in the northwest; however, it is a source of ongoing dispute.
Following Britain's military departure from UAE in 1971, and its establishment as a new state, the UAE laid claim to islands resulting in disputes with Iran that remain unresolved.
UAE also disputes claim on other islands against the neighboring state of Qatar.
The largest emirate, Abu Dhabi, accounts for 87% of the UAE's total area ().
The smallest emirate, Ajman, encompasses only (see figure).
The UAE coast stretches for more than along the southern shore of the Persian Gulf.
Most of the coast consists of salt pans that extend far inland.
The largest natural harbor is at Dubai, although other ports have been dredged at Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, and elsewhere.
Numerous islands are found in the Persian Gulf, and the ownership of some of them has been the subject of international disputes with both Iran and Qatar.
The smaller islands, as well as many coral reefs and shifting sandbars, are a menace to navigation.
Strong tides and occasional windstorms further complicate ship movements near the shore.
The UAE also has a stretch of the Al Bāţinah coast of the Gulf of Oman, although the Musandam Peninsula, the very tip of Arabia by the Strait of Hormuz is an exclave of Oman separated by the UAE.
South and west of Abu Dhabi, vast, rolling sand dunes merge into the Rub al-Khali (Empty Quarter) of Saudi Arabia.
The desert area of Abu Dhabi includes two important oases with adequate underground water for permanent settlements and cultivation.
The extensive Liwa Oasis is in the south near the undefined border with Saudi Arabia.
About to the northeast of Liwa is the Al-Buraimi oasis, which extends on both sides of the Abu Dhabi-Oman border.
Lake Zakher is a man-made lake near the border with Oman.
Prior to withdrawing from the area in 1971, Britain delineated the internal borders among the seven emirates in order to preempt territorial disputes that might hamper formation of the federation.
In general, the rulers of the emirates accepted the British intervention, but in the case of boundary disputes between Abu Dhabi and Dubai, and also between Dubai and Sharjah, conflicting claims were not resolved until after the UAE became independent.
The most complicated borders were in the Al-Hajar al-Gharbi Mountains, where five of the emirates contested jurisdiction over more than a dozen enclaves.
Article: The Amazing Race 21
Section: Episode title quotes

Question: Give the title of the episode of The Amazing Race 21 created by Natalie.

Episode titles are often taken from quotes made by the racers.
 "Double Your Money (Shanghai, China)" – "Phil Keoghan"
 "Long Hair, Don't Care (Surabaya, Indonesia)" – "Jaymes"
 "There's No Crying in Baseball (Bangil, Indonesia)" – "Brittany"
 "Funky Monkey (Dhaka, Bangladesh)" – "Abbie"
 "Chill Out, Freak (Dhaka, Bangladesh)" – "Natalie"
 "Get Your Sexy On (Istanbul, Turkey)" – "Nadiya"
 "Off to See the Wizard (Moscow, Russia)" – "James" 
 "We Was Robbed (Moscow, Russia)" – "James" 
 "Fishy Kiss (Amsterdam, Netherlands)" – "Nadiya"
 "Not a Well-Rounded Athlete (Mallorca, Spain)" – "James" 
 "Take Down That Million (Loire Valley, France & New York City, New York)" – "Trey"
Article: Machu Picchu
Section: Intimachay and the Royal Feast of the Sun

Question: On which side of Machu Picchu is Intimachay located?

Intimachay is a special cave designed to celebrate and observe the Royal Feast of the Sun.
This festival was only to be celebrated by nobility in the Incan month of Capac Raymi and was associated with the December solstice.
The festival would begin earlier in the month and would conclude on the solstice.
On this day, boys of nobility would be initiated into manhood by conducting an ear-piercing ritual as they watched the sun rise from within the cave.
Architecturally, Intimachay is the most significant structure located at Machu Picchu.
Its entrances, walls, steps and windows are all comprised with some of the finest masonry found in Incan Empire.
The cave also includes a unique tunnel-like window which cannot be found in any other Incan structure.
This window was strategically constructed to only allow sunlight into the cave for a span of several days around the time of the December solstice.
For this reason, the cave was inaccessible for much of the year.
Intimachay is located on the eastern side of Machu Picchu, just north of the "Condor Stone."
Many of the caves surrounding this area were prehistorically used as tombs, yet there is no evidence to suggest that it too was a burial ground.
Article: Lebanon
Section: Demographics

Question: What portion of the entire population has been directly or indirectly affected?

The population of Lebanon was estimated to be 4,125,247 in July 2010, however no official census has been conducted since 1932 due to the sensitive confessional political balance between Lebanon's various religious groups.
Identifying all Lebanese as ethnically Arab is a widely employed example of panethnicity since in reality, the Lebanese “are descended from many different peoples who have occupied, invaded, or settled this corner of the world,” making Lebanon, “a mosaic of closely interrelated cultures”.
While at first glance, this ethnic, linguistic, religious and denominational diversity might seem to cause civil and political unrest, “for much of Lebanon’s history this multitudinous diversity of religious communities has coexisted with little conflict”.
The fertility rate fell from 5.00 in 1971 to 1.75 in 2004.
Fertility rates vary considerably among the different religious groups: in 2004 it was 2.10 for Shiites, 1.76 Sunnis and 1.61 for Maronites.
Lebanon has witnessed a series of migration waves: over 1,500,000 people emigrated from the country in the 1975–2011 period.
Millions of people of Lebanese descent are spread throughout the world, mostly Christians, especially in Latin America.
Brazil has the largest expatriate population.
"(See Lebanese Brazilians)".
Large numbers of Lebanese migrated to West Africa, particularly to the Ivory Coast (home to over 100,000 Lebanese) and Senegal (roughly 30,000 Lebanese).
Australia is home to over 270,000 Lebanese (1999 est.
As of 2012, Lebanon was host to over 460,000 refugees and asylum seekers: 405,425 Palestinians, 50,000–60,000 from Iraq, over 80,000 from Syria, and 4,500 from Sudan.
Their primary sources of income are UNRWA aid and menial labor sought in competition with about 300,000 Syrian guest workers.
The latest estimates by the United Nations put the number of Syrian refugees at more than 850,000.
In the last three decades, lengthy and destructive armed conflicts have ravaged the country.
The majority of Lebanese have been affected by armed conflict; those with direct personal experience include 75% of the population, and most others report suffering a range of hardships.
In total, almost the entire population (96%) has been affected insome way – either personally or because of the wider consequences of armed conflict.
Article: Anatomy
Section: Insect anatomy

Question: Describe the anatomy of an insect

Insects possess segmented bodies supported by a hard-jointed outer covering made mostly of chitin.
The segments of the body are organized into three distinct parts, a head, a thorax and an abdomen.
The head typically bears a pair of sensory antennae, a pair of compound eyes, one to three simple eyes (ocelli) and three sets of modified appendages that form the mouthparts.
The thorax has three pairs of segmented legs, one pair each for the three segments that compose the thorax and one or two pairs of wings.
The abdomen is composed of eleven segments, some of which may be fused and houses the digestive, respiratory, excretory and reproductive systems.
There is considerable variations between species and many adaptations to the body parts, especially wings, legs, antennae and mouthparts.
Article: Great Sphinx of Giza
Section: Origin and identity

Question: What is the legend of the Sphinx called?

The Great Sphinx is one of the world's largest and oldest statues but basic facts about it, such as when it was built, and by whom, are still debated.
These questions have resulted in the popular idea of the "Riddle of the Sphinx," alluding to the original Greek legend of the Riddle of the Sphinx.
Pliny The Elder mentioned the Great Sphinx in his book, "Natural History", commenting that the Egyptians looked upon the statue as a "divinity" that has been passed over in silence and "that King Harmais was buried in it".
Article: Sydney Opera House
Section: Stage I: Podium

Question: When was the podium finished?

Stage I commenced on 2 March 1959 with the construction firm Civil & Civic, monitored by the engineers Ove Arup and Partners.
The government had pushed for work to begin early, fearing that funding, or public opinion, might turn against them.
However, Utzon had still not completed the final designs.
Major structural issues still remained unresolved.
By 23 January 1961, work was running 47 weeks behind, mainly because of unexpected difficulties (inclement weather, unexpected difficulty diverting stormwater, construction beginning before proper construction drawings had been prepared, changes of original contract documents).
Work on the podium was finally completed in February 1963.
The forced early start led to significant later problems, not least of which was the fact that the podium columns were not strong enough to support the roof structure, and had to be re-built.
Article: Yellowstone National Park
Section: Heritage and Research Center

Question: What service maintains the collection of historical records for Yellowstone and the National Park Service?

The Heritage and Research Center is located at Gardiner, Montana, near the north entrance to the park.
The center is home to the Yellowstone National Park's museum collection, archives, research library, historian, archeology lab, and herbarium.
The Yellowstone National Park Archives maintain collections of historical records of Yellowstone and the National Park Service.
The collection includes the administrative records of Yellowstone, as well as resource management records, records from major projects, and donated manuscripts and personal papers.
The archives are affiliated with the National Archives and Records Administration.
Article: Kung Fu Panda
Section: Television series

Question: Does Kung Fu Panda also have a TV show based off of it?

A television series titled "Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness" is airing on Nickelodeon since its premiere on November 7, 2011.
From the cast of "Kung Fu Panda", only Lucy Liu and James Hong are reprising their roles of Master Viper and Mr. Ping.
In the series, Po continues to defend the Valley of Peace from all kinds of villains, while making mistakes, learning about the history of kung fu, and meeting other kung fu masters.
Article: Grand Canyon
Section: Grand Canyon tourism

Question: Tourists from which state visit Grand Canyon National park most often?

 tourism.
Grand Canyon National Park is one of the world’s premier natural attractions, attracting about five million visitors per year.
Overall, 83% were from the United States: California (12.2%), Arizona (8.9%), Texas (4.8%), Florida (3.4%) and New York (3.2%) represented the top domestic visitors.
Seventeen percent of visitors were from outside the United States; the most prominently represented nations were the United Kingdom (3.8%), Canada (3.5%), Japan (2.1%), Germany (1.9%) and The Netherlands (1.2%).
The South Rim is open all year round weather permitting.
The North Rim is generally open mid-May to mid-October.
Article: Party Rock Anthem
Section: Television, films and video games

Question: What is one US tv series the song Party Rock Anthem has appeared in?

In popular culture.
Television, films and video games.
"Party Rock Anthem" was used in several TV series such as in the first episode of "Awkward", in the season 3, episode 8 of "Glee", in the season 5, episode 12 of "Gossip Girl", in the season 3 finale of "Parenthood", episode 5 of 2 Broke Girls, in season 4, episode 14 of "Parks and Recreation", in the eighth season of "So You Think You Can Dance" and in the "South Park" episode "City Sushi".
It was also used in the opening titles for the Australian reality game show, "The Renovators".
There is a spoof of the song in the popular YouTube web series "The Annoying Orange" episode "Party Rock".
The song was also used in a Bat Mitzvah sketch in a "Saturday Night Live" episode hosted by Channing Tatum and in Australia's Got Talent 2011 sung by Timomatic.
Quest Crew danced to it on the season 6 finale of "America's Best Dance Crew".
On the episode 8 of "America's Best Dance Crews season 7, contestants 8Flavahz danced to the song.
The song was covered by Alvin and the Chipmunks and The Chipettes with lyric changes in the 2011 film ' and appears on its .
It was also featured in the trailer for the 2011 Lionsgate film "Madea's Big Happy Family".
It is also heard in the video games "Just Dance 3" and "FIFA Street".
The videogame "Dance Central 2" uses it on the DLC, which was released on February 28, 2012.
In "World of Warcraft", the dance emote for the male Pandaren is based on this song's choreography.
Article: Fajita
Section: Popularity

Question: If you saw someone butchering beef, what would you think the purpose is?

The first culinary evidence of the fajitas with the cut of meat, the cooking style (directly on a campfire or on a grill), and the Spanish nickname going back as far as the 1930s in the ranch lands of South and West Texas.
During cattle roundups, beef were butchered regularly to feed the hands.
Throwaway items such as the hide, the head, the entrails, and meat trimmings such as skirt were given to the Mexican cowboys called vaqueros as part of their pay.
Hearty border dishes like barbacoa de cabeza (head barbecue), menudo (tripe stew), and fajitas or arracheras (grilled skirt steak) have their roots in this practice.
Considering the limited number of skirts per carcass and the fact the meat wasn't available commercially, the fajita tradition remained regional and relatively obscure for many years, probably only familiar to vaqueros, butchers, and their families.
The food became popular in Tex-Mex restaurants in Houston, Austin, and San Antonio.
In southern Arizona, the term was unknown except as a cut of meat until the 1990s, when Mexican fast food restaurants started using the word in their marketing.
In recent years, fajitas have become popular at American casual dining restaurants as well as in home cooking.
In many restaurants, the fajita meat is brought to the table sizzling loudly on a metal platter or skillet, with the tortillas and condiments.
Article: Protestant Reformation
Section: Zwingli

Question: Where was a meeting held in 1529 that was a complete failure?

Reformation outside Germany.
Parallel to events in Germany, a movement began in the Swiss Confederation under the leadership of Huldrych Zwingli.
Zwingli was a scholar and preacher who moved to Zurich – the then-leading city state – in 1518, a year after Martin Luther began the Reformation in Germany with his 95 Theses.
Although the two movements agreed on many issues of theology, as the recently introduced printing press spread ideas rapidly from place to place, some unresolved differences kept them separate.
A long-standing resentment between the German states and the Swiss Confederation led to heated debate over how much Zwingli owed his ideas to Lutheranism.
Although Zwinglianism does hold uncanny resemblance to Lutheranism (it even had its own equivalent of the 95 Theses, called the 67 Conclusions), historians have been unable to prove that Zwingli had any contact with Luther's publications before 1520, and Zwingli himself maintained that he had prevented himself from reading them.
The German Prince Philip of Hesse saw potential in creating an alliance between Zwingli and Luther, seeing strength in a united Protestant front.
A meeting was held in his castle in 1529, now known as the Colloquy of Marburg, which has become infamous for its complete failure.
The two men could not come to any agreement due to their disputation over one key doctrine.
Although Luther preached consubstantiation in the Eucharist over transubstantiation, he believed in the spiritual presence of Christ at the mass.
Zwingli believed that the mass was only representative and memorial – Christ was not present.
Luther became so angry that he famously carved into the meeting table 'Hoc Est Corpus Meum' – a Biblical quotation from the Last Supper meaning 'this is my body'.
Some followers of Zwingli believed that the Reformation was too conservative, and moved independently toward more radical positions, some of which survive among modern day Anabaptists.
One famous incident illustrating this was when radical Zwinglians fried and ate sausages during Lent in Zurich city square by way of protest against the Church teaching of good works.
Other Protestant movements grew up along lines of mysticism or humanism (cf.
Erasmus), sometimes breaking from Rome or from the Protestants, or forming outside of the churches.
Article: Pablo Picasso
Section: Rose Period

Question: When did the rose period end?

The Rose Period (1904–1906) is characterised by a more cheery style with orange and pink colours, and featuring many circus people, acrobats and harlequins known in France as saltimbanques.
The harlequin, a comedic character usually depicted in checkered patterned clothing, became a personal symbol for Picasso.
Picasso met Fernande Olivier, a bohemian artist who became his mistress, in Paris in 1904.
Olivier appears in many of his Rose Period paintings, many of which are influenced by his warm relationship with her, in addition to his increased exposure to French painting.
The generally upbeat and optimistic mood of paintings in this period is reminiscent of the 1899–1901 period (i.e.
just prior to the Blue Period) and 1904 can be considered a transition year between the two periods.
By 1905, Picasso became a favourite of American art collectors Leo and Gertrude Stein.
Their older brother Michael Stein and his wife Sarah also became collectors of his work.
Picasso painted portraits of both Gertrude Stein and her nephew Allan Stein.
Gertrude Stein became Picasso's principal patron, acquiring his drawings and paintings and exhibiting them in her informal "Salon" at her home in Paris.
At one of her gatherings in 1905, he met Henri Matisse, who was to become a lifelong friend and rival.
The Steins introduced him to Claribel Cone and her sister Etta who were American art collectors; they also began to acquire Picasso and Matisse's paintings.
Eventually Leo Stein moved to Italy.
Michael and Sarah Stein became patrons of Matisse, while Gertrude Stein continued to collect Picasso.
In 1907 Picasso joined an art gallery that had recently been opened in Paris by Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler.
Kahnweiler was a German art historian and art collector who became one of the premier French art dealers of the 20th century.
He was among the first champions of Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque and the Cubism that they jointly developed.
Kahnweiler promoted burgeoning artists such as André Derain, Kees van Dongen, Fernand Léger, Juan Gris, Maurice de Vlaminck and several others who had come from all over the globe to live and work in Montparnasse at the time.
Article: Diving
Section: Synchronized diving

Question: Are simultaneous dives different or the same?

Synchronized diving was adopted as an Olympic sport in 2000.
Two divers form a team and perform dives simultaneously.
The dives are identical.
It used to be possible to dive opposites, also known as a pinwheel, but this is no longer part of competitive synchronized diving.
For example, one diver would perform a forward dive and the other an inward dive in the same position, or one would do a reverse and the other a back movement.
In these events, the diving would be judged both on the quality of execution and the synchronicity – in timing of take-off and entry, height and forward travel.
Article: Volleyball
Section: Set

Question: In volleyball what is usually the second contact that the team makes with the ball called?

The set is usually the second contact that a team makes with the ball.
The main goal of setting is to put the ball in the air in such a way that it can be driven by an attack into the opponent's court.
The setter coordinates the offensive movements of a team, and is the player who ultimately decides which player will actually attack the ball.
As with passing, one may distinguish between an overhand and a bump set.
Since the former allows for more control over the speed and direction of the ball, the bump is used only when the ball is so low it cannot be properly handled with fingertips, or in beach volleyball where rules regulating overhand setting are more stringent.
In the case of a set, one also speaks of a front or back set, meaning whether the ball is passed in the direction the setter is facing or behind the setter.
There is also a jump set that is used when the ball is too close to the net.
In this case the setter usually jumps off his or her right foot straight up to avoid going into the net.
The setter usually stands about ⅔ of the way from the left to the right of the net and faces the left (the larger portion of net that he or she can see).
Sometimes a setter refrains from raising the ball for a teammate to perform an attack and tries to play it directly onto the opponent's court.
This movement is called a "dump".
This can only be performed when the setter is in the front row, otherwise it constitutes an illegal back court attack.
The most common dumps are to 'throw' the ball behind the setter or in front of the setter to zones 2 and 4.
More experienced setters toss the ball into the deep corners or spike the ball on the second hit.
Article: Volleyball
Section: Set

Question: What is it called when the team makes second contact with the ball in volleyball?

The set is usually the second contact that a team makes with the ball.
The main goal of setting is to put the ball in the air in such a way that it can be driven by an attack into the opponent's court.
The setter coordinates the offensive movements of a team, and is the player who ultimately decides which player will actually attack the ball.
As with passing, one may distinguish between an overhand and a bump set.
Since the former allows for more control over the speed and direction of the ball, the bump is used only when the ball is so low it cannot be properly handled with fingertips, or in beach volleyball where rules regulating overhand setting are more stringent.
In the case of a set, one also speaks of a front or back set, meaning whether the ball is passed in the direction the setter is facing or behind the setter.
There is also a jump set that is used when the ball is too close to the net.
In this case the setter usually jumps off his or her right foot straight up to avoid going into the net.
The setter usually stands about ⅔ of the way from the left to the right of the net and faces the left (the larger portion of net that he or she can see).
Sometimes a setter refrains from raising the ball for a teammate to perform an attack and tries to play it directly onto the opponent's court.
This movement is called a "dump".
This can only be performed when the setter is in the front row, otherwise it constitutes an illegal back court attack.
The most common dumps are to 'throw' the ball behind the setter or in front of the setter to zones 2 and 4.
More experienced setters toss the ball into the deep corners or spike the ball on the second hit.