community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Great Sphinx of Giza
Section: Racial characteristics

Question: Have autorized comment on "negroid" characteristics?

Over the years several authors have commented on what they perceive as "Negroid" characteristics in the face of the Sphinx.
This issue has become part of the Ancient Egyptian race controversy, with respect to the ancient population as a whole.
The face of the Sphinx has been damaged over the millennia.
Article: Magnetic resonance imaging
Section: T1rho MRI

Question: How does the decay take place?

T1ρ (T1rho): Molecules have a kinetic energy that is a function of the temperature and is expressed as translational and rotational motions, and by collisions between molecules.
The moving dipoles disturb the magnetic field but are often extremely rapid so that the average effect over a long time-scale may be zero.
However, depending on the time-scale, the interactions between the dipoles do not always average away.
At the slowest extreme the interaction time is effectively infinite and occurs where there are large, stationary field disturbances (e.g., a metallic implant).
In this case the loss of coherence is described as a "static dephasing".
T2* is a measure of the loss of coherence in an ensemble of spins that includes all interactions (including static dephasing).
T2 is a measure of the loss of coherence that excludes static dephasing, using an RF pulse to reverse the slowest types of dipolar interaction.
There is in fact a continuum of interaction time-scales in a given biological sample, and the properties of the refocusing RF pulse can be tuned to refocus more than just static dephasing.
In general, the rate of decay of an ensemble of spins is a function of the interaction times and also the power of the RF pulse.
This type of decay, occurring under the influence of RF, is known as T1ρ.
It is similar to T2 decay but with some slower dipolar interactions refocused, as well as static interactions, hence T1ρ≥T2.
Article: Assassination of William McKinley
Section: Background

Question: In what city did Leon Czolgosz in a factory?

In September 1901, William McKinley was at the height of his power as president.
Elected in 1896, during the serious economic depression resulting from the Panic of 1893, he had defeated his Democratic rival, William Jennings Bryan.
McKinley led the nation both to a return to prosperity and to victory in the Spanish-American War in 1898, taking possession of such Spanish colonies as Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
Re-elected handily in a rematch against Bryan in 1900, according to historical writer Eric Rauchway, "it looked as if the McKinley Administration would continue peaceably unbroken for another four years, a government devoted to prosperity".
McKinley's original vice president, Garret Hobart, had died in 1899, and McKinley left the choice of a running mate to the 1900 Republican National Convention.
In advance of the convention, New York's Republican political boss, Senator Thomas C. Platt, saw an opportunity to politically sideline his state's governor, former Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt, by pushing for his nomination as vice president.
Roosevelt accepted the nomination and was elected on McKinley's ticket.
Leon Czolgosz was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1873, the son of Polish immigrants.
The Czolgosz family moved a number of times as Paul Czolgosz, Leon's father, sought work throughout the Midwest.
As an adult, Leon Czolgosz worked in a Cleveland factory until he lost his job in a labor dispute in 1893.
Thereafter, he worked irregularly and attended political and religious meetings, trying to understand the reasons for the economic turmoil of the Panic of 1893.
In so doing, he became interested in anarchism.
By 1901, this movement was feared in the United States—New York's highest court had ruled that the act of identifying oneself as an anarchist in front of an audience was a breach of the peace.
Anarchists had taken a toll in Europe of a half-dozen officials and members of royal houses, and had been blamed for the 1886 Haymarket bombing in Chicago.
Two American presidents had been assassinated in the 19th century—Abraham Lincoln in 1865 and James Garfield in 1881.
John Wilkes Booth, Lincoln's assassin, had been embittered by the Confederate defeat in the American Civil War; Charles Guiteau, the assassin of Garfield, was an eccentric (possibly insane) man motivated by personal political and religious views who had unsuccessfully sought office in Garfield's administration.
Although two presidents had been struck down by assassins, McKinley did not like security personnel to come between him and the people.
When in his hometown, Canton, Ohio, he often walked to church or the business district without protection, and in Washington went on drives with his wife without any guard in the carriage.
Article: India
Section: Performing arts

Question: What is Indian theater based on?

Indian music ranges over various traditions and regional styles.
Classical music encompasses two genres and their various folk offshoots: the northern Hindustani and southern Carnatic schools.
Regionalised popular forms include filmi and folk music; the syncretic tradition of the "bauls" is a well-known form of the latter.
Indian dance also features diverse folk and classical forms.
Among the better-known folk dances are the "bhangra" of the Punjab, the "bihu" of Assam, the "chhau" of West Bengal and Jharkhand,"Garba" and "Dandiya" of Gujarat, "sambalpuri" of Odisha, "ghoomar" of Rajasthan, and the "lavani" of Maharashtra.
Eight dance forms, many with narrative forms and mythological elements, have been accorded classical dance status by India's National Academy of Music, Dance, and Drama.
These are: "bharatanatyam" of the state of Tamil Nadu, "kathak" of Uttar Pradesh, "kathakali" and "mohiniyattam" of Kerala," kuchipudi" of Andhra Pradesh, "manipuri" of Manipur, "odissi" of Odisha, and the "sattriya" of Assam.
Theatre in India melds music, dance, and improvised or written dialogue.
Often based on Hindu mythology, but also borrowing from medieval romances or social and political events, Indian theatre includes the "bhavai" of Gujarat, the "jatra" of West Bengal, the "nautanki" and "ramlila" of North India, "tamasha" of Maharashtra, "burrakatha" of Andhra Pradesh, "terukkuttu" of Tamil Nadu, and the "yakshagana" of Karnataka.
Article: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)
Section: Abstract

Question: The U.S. TV series, Dancing with the Stars is hosted by who?

Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)Dancing with the Stars is an American dance competition show airing since 2005 on ABC in the United States, and CTV/CTV Two in Canada.
The show is the American version of the British television series "Strictly Come Dancing".
Tom Bergeron is the Emmy-winning host, alongside Erin Andrews, who is the new co-host for season eighteen.
Lisa Canning was co-host in season one, Samantha Harris co-hosted seasons two through nine and Brooke Burke-Charvet in seasons ten through seventeen.
The contestant pairs consist of a celebrity paired with a professional dancer.
Past celebrity contestants include professional and Olympic athletes, supermodels, actors, singers, astronauts, and teen-heartthrobs.
Each couple performs predetermined dances and competes against the others for judges' points and audience votes.
The couple receiving the lowest combined total of judges' points and audience votes is eliminated each week until only the champion dance pair remains.
In 2012, GSN picked up rerun rights to seasons four to thirteen, but due to low ratings the network stopped airing the show after airing for three months from January 2012 to April 2012 in two different seasons aired mostly on weekends.
Article: I Want to Hold Your Hand
Section: Personnel

Question: Who played the drums on the Beatles song "I Want to Hold Your Hand"?

John Lennon – vocal, rhythm guitar, handclaps
Paul McCartney – vocal, bass guitar, handclaps
George Harrison – lead guitar, handclaps
Ringo Starr – drums, handclaps
Personnel per Ian MacDonald
Article: 30 Rock
Section: Conception

Question: How many episodes were ordere for the first season of 30 Rock?

Development and production.
In 2002, Fey was the head writer and a performer on the television show "Saturday Night Live" ("SNL").
She pitched the show that became "30 Rock" to NBC, originally as a sitcom about cable news.
NBC Entertainment president Kevin Reilly felt that "Fey was using the news setting as a fig leaf for her own experience and encouraged her to write what she knew."
The show was subsequently reworked to revolve around an "SNL"-style sketch show.
After being presented to Reilly once more, the show was set to air during the 2005–2006 television season.
Just before the deal went through, however, the show was nearly brushed aside by Anthony Lewis and Jack Melcher, two NBC executives who fought the idea, fearing that Fey's removal from "SNL" would result in a severe cut to the show's ratings.
Eventually, Lewis gave in just a month before his retirement, and Melcher backed down.
In May 2003, Fey signed a contract with NBC to remain in her "SNL" head writer position until at least the 2004–2005 television season and to develop a prime-time project to be produced by Broadway Video and NBC Universal.
Filming was postponed due to Tina Fey's first pregnancy.
During the 2004–2005 pilot season, a pilot was announced named "Untitled Tina Fey Project".
The "30 Rock" pilot focused on the boss of a variety show who has to manage her relationships with the show's volatile star and its charismatic executive producer.
The storyline evolved into one that dealt with a head writer of a variety show who dealt with both the stars as well as the show's new network executive.
"30 Rock" was officially given the green light to air May 15, 2006, along with a 13-episode order.
The series underwent further changes during the months leading up to and following its debut.
A May 2006 press release mentioned that sketches from "The Girlie Show" would be made available in their entirety on NBC's broadband website, DotComedy.com.
The idea was to air the fictitious "TGS with Tracy Jordan" online.
This aspect of the series was abandoned prior to its debut.
Article: September 11 attacks
Section: FBI

Question: Which of the September 11th attackers was from Egypt?

Immediately after the attacks, the Federal Bureau of Investigation started PENTTBOM, the largest criminal inquiry in the history of the United States.
At its height, more than half of the FBI's agents worked on the investigation and followed a half-million leads.
The FBI concluded that there was "clear and irrefutable" evidence linking al-Qaeda and bin Laden to the attacks.
The FBI was quickly able to identify the hijackers, including leader Mohamed Atta, when his luggage was discovered at Boston's Logan Airport.
Atta had been forced to check two of his three bags due to space limitations on the 19-seat commuter flight he took to Boston.
Due to a new policy instituted to prevent flight delays, the luggage failed to make it aboard American Airlines Flight 11 as planned.
The luggage contained the hijackers' names, assignments and al-Qaeda connections.
"It had all these Arab-language (sic) papers that amounted to the Rosetta stone of the investigation", said one FBI agent.
Within hours of the attacks, the FBI released the names and in many cases the personal details of the suspected pilots and hijackers.
By midday, the U.S. National Security Agency and German intelligence agencies had intercepted communications pointing to Osama bin Laden.
On September 27, 2001, the FBI released photos of the 19 hijackers, along with information about possible nationalities and aliases.
Fifteen of the men were from Saudi Arabia, two from the United Arab Emirates, one (Atta) from Egypt, and one from Lebanon.
Article: Nurse Jackie
Section: Development and production

Question: What year did Showtime order a 4th season?

"Nurse Jackie" was created by Liz Brixius, Linda Wallem, and Evan Dunsky with Brixius and Wallem serving as showrunners for the series and sharing executive producer duties with Caryn Mandabach and John Melfi.
Showtime ordered an initial 12 episodes.
Before the premiere, Brixius told the New York "Daily News" that "Guys' stories tend to be about conquests – getting the job, winning the Olympics, whatever.
Women stories aren't as immediately climactic so they need to play out over the course of three months ... And every medical show out there has been about doctors.
Doctors are absolutely unable to do what they have to do without nurses.
We want to tell those stories.
"The June 8, 2009 series premiere was Showtime's most-successful ever, with 1 million viewers for the premiere and over 350,000 for the repeat broadcast.
Showtime immediately picked up the series for a second season.
Season Three premiered on Showtime on March 28, 2011.
On May 23, 2011, Showtime ordered a fourth season of Nurse Jackie.
A fifth season was ordered on May 31, 2012, and production began in late 2012.
The season 4 finale aired on June 17, 2012 Season 5 premiered on April 14, 2013.
On June 6, 2013, Showtime renewed Nurse Jackie for a sixth season to air on April 13, 2014.
On March 31, 2014, Showtime renewed Nurse Jackie for a seventh season to air in 2015.
Article: The Usual Suspects
Section: Origins

Question: What did the guy who asked how to bring five felons together do?

Bryan Singer met Kevin Spacey at a party after a screening of the young filmmaker's first film, "Public Access", at the 1993 Sundance Film Festival.
Spacey had been encouraged by a number of people he knew who had seen it, and was so impressed that he told Singer and McQuarrie that he wanted to be in whatever film they did next.
Singer read a column in "Spy" magazine called "The Usual Suspects" after Claude Rains' line in "Casablanca."
Singer thought that it would be a good title for a film.
When asked by a reporter at Sundance what their next film was about, McQuarrie replied, "I guess it's about a bunch of criminals who meet in a police line-up," which incidentally was the first visual idea that he and Singer had for the poster: "five guys who meet in a line-up," Singer remembers.
The director also envisioned a tagline for the poster, "All of you can go to Hell."
Singer then asked the question, "What would possibly bring these five felons together in one line-up?"
McQuarrie revamped an idea from one of his own unpublished screenplays — the story of a man who murders his own family and walks away, disappearing from view.
The writer mixed this with the idea of a team of criminals.Söze's character is based on the accounts of John List, a New Jersey accountant who murdered his family in 1971 and then disappeared for almost two decades, assuming a new identity before he was ultimately apprehended.
McQuarrie based the name of Keyser Söze on one of his previous supervisors, Keyser Sume, at a Los Angeles law firm that he worked for, but decided to change the last name because he thought that his former boss would object to how it was used.
He found the word "söze" in his roommate's English-to-Turkish dictionary, which translates as "talk too much."
All the characters' names are taken from staff members of the law firm at the time of his employment.
McQuarrie had also worked for a detective agency, and this influenced the depiction of criminals and law enforcement officials in the script.
Singer described the film as "Double Indemnity" meets "Rashomon," and said that it was made "so you can go back and see all sorts of things you didn't realize were there the first time.
You can get it a second time in a way you never could have the first time around."
He also compared the film's structure to "Citizen Kane" (which also contained an interrogator and a subject who is telling a story) and the criminal caper "The Anderson Tapes."
Article: Mexican muralism
Section: Influence

Question: At what time was Rivera living in the United States?

After nearly a century since the beginning of the movement, Mexican artists still produce murals and other forms of art with the same “mestizo” message.
Murals can be found in government buildings, former churches and schools in nearly every part of the country.
One recent example is a cross cultural project in 2009 to paint a mural in the municipal market of Teotitlán del Valle, a small town in the state of Oaxaca.
High school and college student from Georgia, United States, collaborated with town authorities to design and paint a mural to promote nutrition, environmental protection, education and the preservation of Zapotec language and customs.
Mexican muralism brought mural painting back to the forefront of Western art in the 20th century with its influence spreading abroad, especially promoting the idea of mural painting as a form of promoting social and political ideas.
It offered an alternative to non-representational abstraction after World War I with figurative works that reflect society and its immediate concerns.
While most Mexican muralists had little desire to be part of the international art scene, their influence spread to other parts of the Americas.
Notable muralists influenced by Mexican muralism include Carlos Mérida of Guatemala, Oswaldo Guayasamín of Ecuador and Candido Portinari of Brazil .
Rivera, Orozco, and Siqueiros all spent time in the United States.
Orozco was the first to paint murals in the late 1920s at Pomona College in Claremont, California, staying until 1934 and becoming popular with academic institutions.
During the Great Depression, the Works Progress Administration employed artists to paint murals, which paved the way for Mexican muralists to find commissions in the country.
Rivera lived in the United States from 1930 to 1934.
During this time, he put on an influential show of his easel work at the Museum of Modern Art.
The success of Orozco and Rivera prompted U.S. artists to study in Mexico and opened doors for many other Mexican artists to find work in the country.
Siqueiros did not fare as well.
He was exiled to the US from Mexico in 1932, moving to Los Angeles.
During this time, he painted three murals, but they were painted over.
América Tropical, the only surviving public mural by David Alfaro Siqueiros in the United States is being conserved and construction of an adjoining visitor center is expected to be completed by 2012 or 2013.
The concept of mural as political message was transplanted to the United States, especially in the former Mexican territory of the Southwest.
It served as inspiration to the later Chicano Mural Movement but the political messages are different.
Article: Wright Brothers flights of 1909
Section: Abstract

Question: Where did the committee want the Wrights to demonstrate flight?

Airplane inventors Wilbur and Orville Wright are famed for making the first controlled, powered, heavier-than-air flights on 17 December 1903 at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
Lesser-known are other flights of theirs which played an important role at the dawn of aviation history.
In 1909 Wilbur was invited by the Hudson-Fulton Celebration Committee to make paid exhibition flights to help mark 300 years of New York history, including Henry Hudson discovering Manhattan and Robert Fulton starting a successful commercial steamboat service on the Hudson River.
The committee wanted the Wrights to demonstrate flights over the water around New York City.
Orville was making flights for customers in Germany, so Wilbur, who had just finished training U.S. Army pilots, accepted the job.
Article: Jingle Bell Rock
Section: Chart performance

Question: At what place this Helm's original show up on the charts?

Helms's original version charted at No.
13 on "Billboard"'s Most Played C&W by Jockeys chart, a predecessor to the Hot Country Songs chart.
After it was featured on the soundtrack to the 1996 film "Jingle All the Way", the original version returned to the country charts in late 1996-early 1997, reaching a peak of No.
It also crossed to the pop charts, reaching #11 in the Cashbox Top 60, week ending January 11, 1958.
Article: Handball
Section: Abstract

Question: What year was the modern set of rules published in Germany?

Handball (also known as team handball, Olympic handball, European team handball, European handball, or Borden ball) is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outfield players and a goalkeeper on each team) pass a ball to throw it into the goal of the other team.
A standard match consists of two periods of 30 minutes, and the team that scores more goals wins.
Modern handball is played on a court 40 by 20 meters (131 by 66 ft), with a goal in the center of each end.
The goals are surrounded by a 6-meter zone where only the defending goalkeeper is allowed; the goals must be scored by throwing the ball from outside the zone or while "diving" into it.
The sport is usually played indoors, but outdoor variants exist in the forms of field handball and Czech handball (which were more common in the past) and beach handball (also called sandball).
The game is quite fast and includes body contact, as the defenders try to stop the attackers from approaching the goal.
Goals are scored quite frequently; usually both teams score at least 20 goals each, and it is not uncommon for both teams to score more than 30 goals.
The game was codified at the end of the 19th century in northern Europe, chiefly in Scandinavia and Germany.
The modern set of rules was published in 1917 in Germany, and had several revisions since.
The first international games were played under these rules for men in 1925 and for women in 1930.
Men's field handball was first played at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, and the next time at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, and has been an Olympics sport since.
Women's team handball was added at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
The International Handball Federation was formed in 1946, and has 174 member federations.
The sport is most popular in continental Europe, whose countries have won every single medal in men's world championships since 1938, and all women's titles until 2013, when Brazil broke the series.
The game also enjoys popularity in Far East, north Africa and Brazil.
Article: Egypt
Section: Dance in Egypt

Question: Where is belly dance most prevalent?

Today, Egypt is often considered the home of belly dance.
Egyptian belly dance has two main styles - raqs baladi and raqs sharqi.
There are also numerous folkloric and character dances that may be part of an Egyptian-style belly dancer's repertoire, as well as the modern shaabi street dance which shares some elements with raqs baladi.
Samia Gamal was the most famous dancer in Egypt.