community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Central Park
Section: 1900–1960

Question: From where did Moses get funded?

Following completion, the park quickly slipped into decline.
One of the main reasons for this was the lack of interest of the Tammany Hall political machine, which was the largest political force in New York at the time.
Around the turn of the 20th century, the park faced several new challenges.
Cars were becoming commonplace, bringing with them their burden of pollution, and people's attitudes were beginning to change.
No longer were parks to be used only for walks and picnics in an idyllic environment, but now also for sports, and similar recreation.
Following the dissolution of the Central Park Commission in 1870 and Andrew Green's departure from the project, and the death of Vaux in 1895, the maintenance effort gradually declined, and there were few, if any, attempts to replace dead trees, bushes and plants, or worn-out lawn.
For several decades, authorities did little or nothing to prevent vandalism and the littering of the park.
All of this changed in 1934, when Republican Fiorello La Guardia was elected mayor of New York City and unified the five park-related departments then in existence.
Robert Moses was given the task of cleaning up the park.
Moses, about to become one of the mightiest men in New York City, took over what was essentially a relic, a leftover from a bygone era.
According to historian Robert Caro in his 1974 book "The Power Broker":
"Lawns, unseeded, were expanses of bare earth, decorated with scraggly patches of grass and weeds, that became dust holes in dry weather and mud holes in wet….
The once beautiful Mall looked like a scene of a wild party the morning after.
Benches lay on their backs, their legs jabbing at the sky..."
In a single year, Moses managed to clean up Central Park and other parks in New York City.
Lawns and flowers were replanted, dead trees and bushes were replaced, walls were sandblasted, and bridges repaired.
Another dramatic change was Moses's removal of the "Hoover Valley" shantytown, whose site was transformed into the Great Lawn.
Major redesigning and construction also was carried out: for instance, the Croton Lower Reservoir was filled in so the Great Lawn could be created.
The Greensward Plan's purpose of creating an idyllic landscape was combined with Moses' vision of a park to be used for recreational purposes—19 playgrounds, 12 ball fields, and handball courts were constructed.
Moses also managed to secure funds from the New Deal program, as well as donations from the public.
Article: Modern Family
Section: Analysis and commentary

Question: Do the shows writers and actors agree that Mark Zuckerberg may be a greater influence on "Modern Family" than Norman Lear?

In "The New York Times", Bruce Feiler called attention to how the show depicts the increasing way communications technology shapes the way people perceive others, even family members. "
is surely the first family comedy that incorporates its own hashtag of simultaneous self-analysis directly into the storyline," he writes.
"Mark Zuckerberg may be a greater influence on "Modern Family" than Norman Lear.
"The show's writers and actors agree.
"We used to talk about how cellphones killed the sitcom because no one ever goes to anyone's house anymore" for routine information, Abraham Higginbotham told Feiler.
"We embrace technology so it's part of the story."
Ty Burrell draws on Fran Lebowitz's observation that there is no institution other than media.
"I had this little flash of Phil—and me—that we are parsing our personality together externally from how people perceive us.
"James Parker said that "The American family circa 2011 is, after all, an acutely self-conscious and self-interrogating unit: How does one 'parent'?
Who does what, which 'role'?
Is Dad sufficiently dad-like and Mom enough of a mom?"
he writes.
""Modern Family" taps right into all this, the cameras that lurch through its three households producing the sensation of a wild and shaky experiment, recorded for purposes educational or scientific.
"In a 2014 article in "Slate", the site's podcast executive producer, Andy Bowers, a resident of Los Angeles's Westside, where the show films most of its exteriors, praised the series for its realistic depiction of life in that part of the city.
"f you live around here and watch the show, it's easy to forget these people are fictional.
They feel like real neighbors who inhabit the same world we do, much more so than any other TV show I've ever seen."
Many of the show's locations were familiar to him as places he regularly visited or passed.
In addition to its accurate depiction of the area's physical landscape, Bowers added, it was a realistic depiction of its social and cultural landscape:"Modern Family" has been called a culturally-defining series.
Eric Stonestreet voiced his opinion on the social implications of the show and what the support means to him.
Article: I Won't Give Up
Section: Chart performance

Question: What number on the BillboardHot 100 chart did the song, "I Won't Give Up," debut?

While the song debuted at number 8 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart, it immediately hit the top spot on the Hot Digital Songs chart selling 229,000 downloads for its first week.
On the Hot 100, the track's launch is the highest for a male pop/rock singer-songwriter since David Cook burst in at number 3 with "The Time of My Life" the week of June 7, 2008, after he was crowned "American Idol" champion.
On Adult Pop Songs it began at number 36.
On the week of October 18, 2012, the song became the "Greatest Gainer" on the Hot Adult Contemporary chart, reaching number 7.
After the success, his manager Bill Silva commented: "What surprised us is how the fans reacted.
We didn't pre-promote the single, we didn't go to radio with it, and this song did 229,000 units its first week in the U.S.
There was clearly something resonant about the song, and it immediately shifted the strategy for what the rollout of the album was going to be."
The song has sold 3,113,000 copies in the US.
Internationally, the song also achieved success.
In Austria, the song debuted at number 23 on the Ö3 Austria Top 40 chart, on March 23, 2012.
Later, the song jumped to number 22, before falling for two consecutive weeks, until it reached again number 22, on April 20, 2012.
Later, the song reached number 20, before climbing to number 17.
On May 11, 2012, the song fell to number 21, but the next week the song peaked at number 12.
It spent 22 weeks on the chart.
In Netherlands, the song was a big hit, debuting at number 52 on the Dutch Top 40 chart, on January 7, 2012.
After climbing the charts for six consecutive weeks and reaching number 11, the song fell for two consecutive weeks, until it climbed to number 10.
The song kept on climbing for 2 weeks, until it peaked at number 3, on April 21, 2012.
It spent a total of 32 consecutive weeks on the chart.
In the UK, the song debuted at number 16 on the UK Singles Chart week of March 24, 2012, and peaked at number 11.
It remained for 30 weeks on the chart and became the 46th biggest selling single of 2012.
Article: Albert Einstein
Section: Modern quantum theory

Question: What was Einstein at the height of in 1917?

Einstein was displeased with quantum theory and mechanics (the very theory he helped create), despite its acceptance by other physicists, stating that God "is not playing at dice."
Einstein continued to maintain his disbelief in the theory, and attempted unsuccessfully to disprove it until he died at the age of 76.
In 1917, at the height of his work on relativity, Einstein published an article in "Physikalische Zeitschrift" that proposed the possibility of stimulated emission, the physical process that makes possible the maser and the laser.
This article showed that the statistics of absorption and emission of light would only be consistent with Planck's distribution law if the emission of light into a mode with n photons would be enhanced statistically compared to the emission of light into an empty mode.
This paper was enormously influential in the later development of quantum mechanics, because it was the first paper to show that the statistics of atomic transitions had simple laws.
Einstein discovered Louis de Broglie's work, and supported his ideas, which were received skeptically at first.
In another major paper from this era, Einstein gave a wave equation for de Broglie waves, which Einstein suggested was the Hamilton–Jacobi equation of mechanics.
This paper would inspire Schrödinger's work of 1926.
Article: Olympic weightlifting
Section: Abstract

Question: How do bodyweight categories differ for men and women?

Olympic weightlifting, also called Olympic-style weightlifting, or weightlifting, is an athletic discipline in the modern Olympic programme in which the athlete attempts a maximum-weight single lift of a barbell loaded with weight plates.
The two competition lifts in order are the snatch and the clean and jerk.
Each weightlifter receives three attempts in each, and the combined total of the highest two successful lifts determines the overall result within a bodyweight category.
Bodyweight categories are different for women and men.
A lifter who fails to complete at least one successful snatch and one successful clean and jerk also fails to "total", and therefore receives an "incomplete" entry for the competition.
The clean and press was once a competition lift, but was discontinued due to difficulties in judging proper form.
In comparison with other strength sports, which test limit strength (with or without lifting aids), Olympic weightlifting tests aspects of human ballistic limits (explosive strength) and are therefore executed faster—and with more mobility and a greater range of motion during their execution - than other lifts.
Properly executed, the snatch and the clean and jerk are both dynamic and explosive while appearing graceful, especially when viewed from a recording at a slowed speed.
While there are relatively few competitive Olympic weightlifters (or more simply "lifters"), the lifts and their components are commonly used by elite athletes in other sports to train for both explosive and functional strength.
Article: Snowboarding
Section: Big mountain and freeride

Question: Where does Tailgate Alaska take place?

A big mountain contest is one that takes place in open terrain, and challenges riders to find their way down the mountain with the most style and difficulty.
Big mountain events usually take place in powder snow conditions in closed off areas of resorts or in the backcountry.
There are a number of big mountain events in Europe, the United States and in New Zealand and this aspect of snowboarding competition is quickly rising in popularity.
Snowboarders consider Alaska the pinnacle of this style of riding, being featured in some of the most popular snowboarding videos and has given rise to one of the sport's most popular events, Tailgate Alaska, a yearly gathering of riders on Alaska's Thompson Pass.
Article: Cycling
Section: Bicycle Touring

Question: What event originated in the year 1891?

Bicycle Touring.
Bicycles are used for recreation at all ages.
Bicycle touring, also known as cyclotourism, involves touring and exploration or sightseeing by bicycle for leisure.
A brevet or randonnée is an organized long-distance ride.
One popular Dutch pleasure is the enjoyment of relaxed cycling in the countryside of the Netherlands.
The land is very flat and full of public bicycle trails where cyclists are not bothered by cars and other traffic, which makes it ideal for cycling recreation.
Many Dutch people subscribe every year to an event called "fietsvierdaagse" — four days of organised cycling through the local environment.
Paris–Brest–Paris (PBP), which began in 1891, is the oldest bicycling event still run on a regular basis on the open road, covers over and imposes a 90-hour time limit.
Similar if smaller institutions exist in many countries.
Article: The Good Wife
Section: Premise

Question: How many years was Alicia a stay-at-home mother?

The series focuses on Alicia Florrick (Julianna Margulies), whose husband Peter Florrick (Chris Noth), a former Cook County state's attorney, has been jailed following a very public sex and corruption scandal.
Alicia returns to her old job as a litigator (having taken 13 years out to be a stay-at-home mother) to provide for her two children.
The series was partly inspired by the Eliot Spitzer prostitution scandal, as well as by other prominent American political sex scandals, particularly those of John Edwards and Bill Clinton:
Article: Gilmore Girls
Section: Awards and nominations

Question: In what category was the only Emmy nomination and win for "Gilmore Girls"?

"Gilmore Girls" received an American Film Institute Award and two Viewers For Quality Television Awards, and was named New Program of the Year by the Television Critics Association.
The show won an Emmy for its only nomination: 2004's Outstanding Makeup for a Series for the episode "The Festival of Living Art".
The show's actors have received many awards for their work on the series.
Graham won two Family Television Awards, and she won Teen Choice Award for Best TV Mom twice.
Alexis Bledel won a Young Artist Award and a Family Television Award.
The series also won a Family Television Award for New Series, and was named Best Family TV Drama Series by the Young Artist Awards.
Article: Viva la Vida
Section: Release and promotion

Question: When did Coldplay perform the song "Viva la Vida" live for the first time?

"Viva la Vida" was initially released only with iTunes Store pre-orders of "Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends" on 7 May 2008 – the "new edit" version of the song – which led to the song's temporary exclusion from the UK Singles Chart.
It was released as a download-only single on 25 May 2008, and a physical CD single in Europe on 29 July 2008 to coincide with the release of the single's music videos.
"Viva la Vida" was well-downloaded in the internet, becoming iTunes' best-selling song of 2008.
From 24 December 2008 to 5 January 2009 an official remix of the song by producer Stuart Price, named the "Thin White Duke Mix", was given away for free as a Christmas gift via the band's website.
The song was used as part of Apple Inc.'s iPod + iTunes advertisement campaign.
Coldplay performed the song live for the first time at the 2008 MTV Movie Awards.
It has since gone on to make many media appearances, including being featured throughout the episode from the paranormal drama "Medium", as a song played on the radio in the episode "We're Not in Kansas Anymore" from the teen drama "90210", used as bumper music on Bill Bennett's "Morning in America" radio talk show, and on the international soundtrack to the Brazilian soap opera "A Favorita" which helped push "Viva la Vida" up the charts in Brazil, where the telenovela been shown.
"Viva la Vida" was the entrance music for Birmingham City Football Club during the 2009–2010 season, but was quickly dropped after negative response by the supporters.
In 2009, Solange Knowles covered the song.
Lady Gaga also covered the song for BBC Radio 1.
A live version of the song appeared on Coldplay's 2009 live album "LeftRightLeftRightLeft".
Pet Shop Boys also performed the song live on their 2009 Pandemonium Tour and the song appeared on their Christmas EP.
It was also used in an episode entitled "Million Dollar Maybe" of "The Simpsons".
The song was covered in the seventh series of "The X Factor" by the boyband One Direction in 2010.
Article: Disney's Animal Kingdom
Section: Avatar: World of Pandora

Question: When was construction started for Disney's Animal Kingdom's "Avatar"-based section?

In September 2011, Walt Disney Parks and Resorts announced plans to partner with filmmaker James Cameron, his Lightstorm Entertainment production company, and Fox Filmed Entertainment to develop attractions based on Cameron's "Avatar" film franchise exclusively for Disney theme parks.
The first installation is planned for Disney's Animal Kingdom in the form of an "Avatar"-based section of the park.
While no specifics were announced, the new area was described as being several acres in size and costing an estimated $400 million to build, a scale similar to Cars Land at Disney California Adventure Park in California.
Components from the upcoming second and third films in the "Avatar" series will be featured, along with new designs not seen in any of the films.
Construction began on January 10, 2014.
Article: Soft Construction with Boiled Beans (Premonition of Civil War)
Section: Description

Question: Where is Soft Construction with Boiled Beans located?

This is a painting made with oil on canvas that is located in the Philadelphia Museum of Art.
Dalí painted it in 1936, but there were studies found of it that dated back to 1934.
It is a picture of a geometric monster type creature and connected to a similar monster.
The two creatures appear to be two parts of the same creature so that it appears to be wrestling itself.
All over the background and on parts of the monster are boiled beans that look as though they are melting.
The monster stands on trees and a brown wooden box.
The background is a blue sky with clouds, that are darker in some parts and lighter in others.
Article: Rice
Section: Nutrients and the nutritional importance of rice

Question: Why is purple rice colored as it is?

Nutrition and health.
Nutrients and the nutritional importance of rice.
Rice is the staple food of over half the world's population.
It is the predominant dietary energy source for 17 countries in Asia and the Pacific, 9 countries in North and South America and 8 countries in Africa.
Rice provides 20% of the world’s dietary energy supply, while wheat supplies 19% and maize (corn) 5%.
A detailed analysis of nutrient content of rice suggests that the nutrition value of rice varies based on a number of factors.
It depends on the strain of rice, that is between white, brown, black, red and purple varieties of rice – each prevalent in different parts of the world.
It also depends on nutrient quality of the soil rice is grown in, whether and how the rice is polished or processed, the manner it is enriched, and how it is prepared before consumption.
An illustrative comparison between white and brown rice of protein quality, mineral and vitamin quality, carbohydrate and fat quality suggests that neither is a complete nutrition source.
Between the two, there is a significant difference in fiber content and minor differences in other nutrients.
Brilliantly colored rice strains, such as purple rice, derive their color from anthocyanins and tocols.
Scientific studies suggest that these color pigments have antioxidant properties that may be useful to human health.
In purple rice bran, hydrophilic antioxidants are in greater quantity and have higher free radical scavenging activity than lipophilic antioxidants.
Anthocyanins and γ-tocols in purple rice are largely located in the inner portion of purple rice bran.
Comparative nutrition studies on red, black and white varieties of rice suggest that pigments in red and black rice varieties may offer nutritional benefits.
Red or black rice consumption was found to reduce or retard the progression of atherosclerotic plaque development, induced by dietary cholesterol, in mammals.
White rice consumption offered no similar benefits, and the study claims this to be due to absent antioxidants in red and black varieties of rice.
Article: Man at the Crossroads
Section: Commission

Question: How much was Rivera paid for his work on Rockefeller Center?

The Rockefellers wanted to have a mural put on the ground-floor wall of Rockefeller Center.
Nelson Rockefeller wanted Henri Matisse or Pablo Picasso to do it because he favored their modern style, but neither was available.
Diego Rivera was one of Nelson Rockefeller's mother's favorite artists and therefore was commissioned to create the huge mural.
He was given a theme: "Man at the Crossroads Looking with Hope and High Vision to the Choosing of a New and Better Future."
Rockefeller wanted the painting to make people pause and think.
Rivera was to be paid $21,000 for the work.
He was officially commissioned by Todd-Robertson-Todd Engineering, the development agents for the building.
The full commission envisaged three murals.
"Man at the Crossroads" would be in the center.
It would be flanked by "The Frontier of Ethical Evolution" and "The Frontier of Material Development".
The central composition was intended to contrast Capitalism and Socialism.
This basic compositional idea was approved by Rockefeller.
Article: Bathsheba
Section: Abstract

Question: Who was Bathsheba's son?

According to the Hebrew Bible, Bathsheba (, "Bat Sheva", "daughter of the oath") (, "ابنة القسم") was the wife of Uriah the Hittite and later of David, king of the United Kingdom of Israel and Judah.
She is most known for the Bible story in which King David took her to sleep with him.
Bathsheba was a daughter of Eliam, one of David's "thirty" (2 Sam.
23:34; cf 1 Chr.
3:5); Eliam was the son of Ahitophel, one of David's chief advisors.
Ahitophel was from Giloh (Josh.
15:51;cf 2 Sam.
15:12), a city of Judah, and thus Bathsheba was from David's own tribe and the granddaughter of one of David's closest advisors (2 Sam.15:12)."
She was the mother of Solomon, who succeeded David as king, making her the Queen Mother.
Article: Silver Linings Playbook
Section: Release

Question: What was the release date for the film Silver Linings Playbook?

The film premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8, 2012, where it won the People's Choice Award.
It received a limited release in the United States on November 16, 2012, opening wider later that week.
It also opened at the 2012 Mumbai Film Festival on October 18, 2012.
The Weinstein Company initially planned an unusually wide release for "Silver Linings Playbook", going nationwide on an estimated 2,000 screens.
They were encouraged by positive reviews and hoping to capitalize on Thanksgiving to do more business.
Instead, they took a more slow-burn approach, opening in fewer theaters, expanding gradually, in a strategy to build up word-of-mouth support.
Continuing the slow release the film expanded to 700 theaters on December 25.
Article: Periodic table
Section: Blocks

Question: What are the different regions of the periodic table referred to?

The different regions of the periodic table are sometimes referred to as "blocks" in recognition of the sequence in which the electron shells of the elements are filled.
Each block is named according to the subshell in which the "last" electron notionally resides.
The s-block comprises the first two groups (alkali metals and alkaline earth metals) as well as hydrogen and helium.
The p-block comprises the last six groups which are groups 13 to 18 in IUPAC (3A to 8A in American) and contains, among other elements, all of the metalloids.
The d-block comprises groups 3 to 12 in IUPAC (or 3B to 2B in American group numbering) and contains all of the transition metals.
The f-block, usually offset below the rest of the periodic table, comprises the lanthanides and actinides.