community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Jackson Pollock
Section: Early life

Question: What mental illness do historians think Jackson Pollock may have suffered from?

Pollock was born in Cody, Wyoming, in 1912, the youngest of five sons.
His parents, Stella May (née McClure) and LeRoy Pollock, were born and grew up in Tingley, Iowa and were educated at Tingley High School.
Pollock's mother is interred at Tingley Cemetery, Ringgold County, Iowa.
His father had been born with the surname McCoy but took the surname of his adoptive parents, neighbors who adopted him after his own parents had died within a year of each other.
Stella and LeRoy Pollock were Presbyterian; they were of Irish and Scots-Irish descent, respectively.
LeRoy Pollock was a farmer and later a land surveyor for the government, moving for different jobs.
Jackson grew up in Arizona and Chico, California.
While living in Echo Park, California, he enrolled at Los Angeles' Manual Arts High School, from which he was expelled.
He already had been expelled in 1928 from another high school.
During his early life, Pollock explored Native American culture while on surveying trips with his father.
In 1930, following his older brother Charles Pollock, he moved to New York City, where they both studied under Thomas Hart Benton at the Art Students League.
Benton's rural American subject matter had little influence on Pollock's work, but his rhythmic use of paint and his fierce independence were more lasting.
From 1938 to 1942, during the Great Depression, Pollock worked for the WPA Federal Art Project.
Trying to deal with his established alcoholism, from 1938 through 1941 Pollock underwent Jungian psychotherapy with Dr. Joseph Henderson and later with Dr. Violet Staub de Laszlo in 1941-1942.
Henderson engaged him through his art, encouraging Pollock to make drawings.
Jungian concepts and archetypes were expressed in his paintings.
Recently historians have hypothesized that Pollock might have had bipolar disorder.
Article: Malaysia
Section: Conservation issues

Question: Who is the Malaysian government talking with to standardized anti-trafficking laws?

Logging, along with cultivation practices has devastated tree cover, causing severe environmental degradation in the country.
Over 80 per cent of Sarawak's rainforest has been cleared.
Floods in East Malaysia have been worsened by the loss of trees, and over 60 per cent of the Peninsular's forest have been cleared.
With current rates of deforestation, the forests are predicted to be extinct by 2020.
Deforestation is a major problem for animals, fungi and plants, as the forest is cut to make room for plantations.
Most remaining forest is found inside national parks.
Habitat destruction has proved a threat for marine life.
Illegal fishing is another major threat, with fishing methods such as dynamite fishing and poisoning depleting marine ecosystems.
Leatherback turtle numbers have dropped 98 per cent since the 1950s.
Hunting has also been an issue for some animals, with overconsumption and the use of animal parts for profit endangering many animals, from marine life to tigers.
Marine life is also detrimentally affected by uncontrolled tourism.
The Malaysian government aims to balance economic growth with environmental protection, but has been accused of favouring big business over the environment.
Some state governments are now trying to counter the environmental impact and pollution created by deforestation; and the federal government is trying to cut logging by 10 per cent each year.
28 national parks have been established; 23 in East Malaysia and five in the Peninsular.
Tourism has been limited in biodiverse areas such as Sipadan island.
Animal trafficking is a large issue, and the Malaysian government is holding talks with the governments of Brunei and Indonesia to standardise anti-trafficking laws.
Article: Ice hockey
Section: Modern women's ice hockey

Question: By the end of 2013 how many IIHF World Women's Championships tournaments did the IIHF hold?

Women's ice hockey.
Modern women's ice hockey.
Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years.
In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172.
While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams.
By the end of 2013, the IIHF had held fifteen IIHF World Women's Championship tournaments.
The USHL welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969–70, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch.
Women's ice hockey was added as a medal sport at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.
The United States won the gold, Canada won the silver and Finland won the bronze medal.
The chief difference between women's and men's hockey is that body checking is not allowed in women's hockey.
After the 1990 Women's World Championship, body checking was eliminated in women's hockey.
In current IIHF women's competition, body checking is either a minor or major penalty, decided at the referee's discretion.
In addition, players in women's competition are required to wear protective full-face masks.
One woman, Manon Rhéaume, appeared as a goaltender for the NHL's Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins, and in 2003 Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league.
Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including goaltenders Kelly Dyer, Erin Whitten, Manon Rhéaume, and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.
Article: Blow Me (One Last Kiss)
Section: Background

Question: What was the date that the RCA Music Group announced that it would be disbanding?

On October 7, 2011, RCA Music Group announced that it would be disbanding Jive Records, along with Arista and J Records.
With the shutdown, Pink and all other artists previously signed to the labels, would release any future material through RCA Records.
In 2011, Joe Riccitelli, an executive with the label, announced that Pink was preparing to enter the studio to begin work on her sixth studio album, to be released in September 2012.
On February 29, 2012, Pink took to her Twitter account and confirmed that she is currently in the writing process for her new record.
On June 19, 2012, Pink announced via a video on Twitter that the first single from her upcoming album will be called "Blow Me (One Last Kiss)" and that it would be released on July 9, 2012.
She added, "I think you're going to like it, because I really like it, and I like it enough for all of us."
However, the demo version of the song leaked on July 1, 2012, a week before its scheduled release.
The next day, it was released via Pink's official page and her YouTube account.
On July 4, 2012, Pink announced that her sixth studio album will be titled "The Truth About Love".
Speaking to Billboard Magazine in August 2012, Greg Kurstin revealed that he and the singer had trouble coming up with a name for the track.
The producer had been working with Pink on an intense nine-day songwriting session that yielded six songs.
One particular track, an empowering breakup anthem in the vein of "So What," seemed like it might be written and recorded within a day-it just needed a title.
"She kept coming back to 'Let's throw in the towel,' and it was one of those things where we had to say, 'Is that line really the song?'"
Kurstin recalled.
"So then I came back with 'Blow me … one last kiss' and we got really excited.
Most of the time with Pink she's so strong writing lyrics I don't really interfere.
I let her do her thing.
That could've been the only time I did that."
Article: Eiffel Tower
Section: Wind considerations

Question: How much does the Eiffel Tower move as a result of wind?

At the time the tower was built many people were shocked by its daring shape.
Eiffel was accused of trying to create something artistic without regard to engineering.
However, Eiffel and his engineers, as experienced bridge builders, understood the importance of wind forces and knew that if they were going to build the tallest structure in the world they had to be certain it would withstand them.
In an interview with the newspaper "Le Temps (Paris)" of 14 February 1887, Eiffel said:Eiffel used empirical and graphical methods accounting for the effects of wind rather than a specific mathematical formula.
Careful examination of the tower shows a basically exponential shape (actually two different exponentials, the lower section overdesigned to ensure resistance to wind forces.
Several mathematical explanations have been proposed over the years for the success of the design; the most recent is described as a nonlinear integral equation based on counterbalancing the wind pressure on any point on the tower with the tension between the construction elements at that point.
As proof of the tower's effectiveness in wind resistance, it sways only 6–7 cm (2–3 in) in the wind.
Article: Association football
Section: Governing bodies

Question: Where are the FIFA headquarters located?

The recognised international governing body of football (and associated games, such as futsal and beach soccer) is FIFA.
The FIFA headquarters are located in Zurich.
Six regional confederations are associated with FIFA; these are:
 Asia: Asian Football Confederation (AFC)
 Africa: Confederation of African Football (CAF)
 Europe: Union of European Football Associations (UEFA)
 North/Central America & Caribbean: Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football (CONCACAF)
 Oceania: Oceania Football Confederation (OFC)
 South America: Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol/Confederação Sul-americana de Futebol (South American Football Confederation; CONMEBOL)
National associations oversee football within individual countries.
These are generally synonymous with sovereign states, (for example: the Fédération Camerounaise de Football in Cameroon) but also include a smaller number of associations responsible for sub-national entities or autonomous regions (for example the Scottish Football Association in Scotland).
208 national associations are affiliated both with FIFA and with their respective continental confederations.
While FIFA is responsible for arranging competitions and most rules related to international competition, the actual Laws of the Game are set by the International Football Association Board, where each of the UK Associations has one vote, while FIFA collectively has four votes.
Article: Impression, Sunrise
Section: History

Question: In 1985 who stole from the Musee Marmottan Monet?

Dated 1872, its subject is the harbour of Le Havre in France, using very loose brush strokes that suggest rather than delineate it.
Monet explained the title later:Landscape is nothing but an impression, and an instantaneous one, hence this label that was given us, by the way because of me.
I had sent a thing done in Le Havre, from my window, sun in the mist and a few masts of boats sticking up in the foreground.
...
They asked me for a title for the catalogue, it couldn't really be taken for a view of Le Havre, and I said: 'Put "Impression".'
It was first displayed in 1874 during the first independent art show of the Impressionists (who were not yet known by that name).
Critic Louis Leroy, inspired by the painting's name, titled his hostile review of the show in "Le Charivari" newspaper, "The Exhibition of the Impressionists", thus inadvertently naming the new art movement.
He wrote:Impression—I was certain of it.
I was just telling myself that, since I was impressed, there had to be some impression in it … and what freedom, what ease of workmanship!
Wallpaper in its embryonic state is more finished than that seascape.
The painting was stolen from the Musée Marmottan Monet in 1985 by Philippe Jamin and Youssef Khimoun but recovered in 1990.
Since 1991 it has been back on display in the museum.
Article: Zero Dark Thirty
Section: Objections over the unattributed use of recordings of 9/11 victims

Question: Her family asked that the films distributors make a charitable donation in who's name?

According to the relatives of Betty Ong, a flight attendant on a hijacked American Airlines plane, a clip from her call to headquarters was used in the beginning of the film without attribution.
They demanded that, if the film won any awards, the filmmakers apologize at the Academy Awards ceremony for using the clip without getting her heirs' consent.
Her family also asked that the film's U.S. distributors make a charitable donation in Ong's name, and should go on record that the Ong family does not endorse the use of torture.
The end of the film already includes a statement paying tribute to the victims and the families of the 9/11 attacks, and the film producers have already contributed to the memorial and museum being built at Ground Zero.
Mary and Frank Fetchet, parents of Brad Fetchet, who worked on the 89th floor of the World Trade Center's south tower, criticized the filmmakers for using a recording of their son's voicemail without permission.
The recording has previously been heard in broadcast TV news reports and in testimony for the 9/11 Commission.
Article: Grand Canyon
Section: Activities

Question: How close are scenic flights allowed to fly to the rim of the Grand Canyon?

Aside from casual sightseeing from the South Rim (averaging 7,000 feet [2,100 m] above sea level), rafting, hiking, running and helicopter tours are especially popular.
The Grand Canyon Ultra Marathon is a race over 24 hours.
The floor of the valley is accessible by foot, muleback, or by boat or raft from upriver.
Hiking down to the river and back up to the rim in one day is discouraged by park officials because of the distance, steep and rocky trails, change in elevation, and danger of heat exhaustion from the much higher temperatures at the bottom.
Rescues are required annually of unsuccessful rim-to-river-to-rim travelers.
Nevertheless, hundreds of fit and experienced hikers complete the trip every year.
Camping on the North and South Rims is generally restricted to established campgrounds and reservations are highly recommended, especially at the busier South Rim.
There is at large camping available along many parts of the North Rim managed by Kaibab National Forest.
North Rim campsites are only open seasonally due to road closures from weather and winter snowpack.
All overnight camping below the rim requires a backcountry permit from the Backcountry Office (BCO).
Each year Grand Canyon National Park receives approximately 30,000 requests for backcountry permits.
The park issues 13,000 permits, and close to 40,000 people camp overnight.
The earliest a permit application is accepted is the first of the month, four months before the proposed start month.
Tourists wishing for a more vertical perspective can board helicopters and small airplanes in Las Vegas, Phoenix and Grand Canyon National Park Airport (seven miles from the South Rim) for canyon flyovers.
Scenic flights are no longer allowed to fly within 1500 feet of the rim within the national park because of a late 1990s crash.
The last aerial video footage from below the rim was filmed in 1984.
However, some helicopter flights land on the Havasupai and Hualapai Indian Reservations within Grand Canyon (outside of the park boundaries).
Recently, the Hualapai Tribe opened the glass-bottomed Grand Canyon Skywalk on their property, Grand Canyon West.
The Skywalk has seen mixed reviews since the site is only accessible by driving down a dirt road, costs a minimum of $85 in total for reservation fees, a tour package and admission to the Skywalk itself and the fact that cameras or other personal equipment are not permitted on the Skywalk at any time due to the hazard of damaging the glass if dropped.
The Skywalk is about by road from Grand Canyon Village at the South Rim.
Article: Victoria Falls
Section: Zambia's independence and Rhodesia's UDI

Question: When did Zambia re-open their border?

In 1964, Northern Rhodesia became the independent state of Zambia.
The following year, Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence.
This was not recognized by Zambia, the United Kingdom or the vast majority of states and led to United Nations-mandated sanctions.
In response to the emerging crisis, in 1966 Zambia restricted or stopped border crossings; it did not re-open the border completely until 1980.
Guerilla warfare arose on the southern side of the Zambezi from 1972: the Rhodesian Bush War.
Visitor numbers began to drop, particularly on the Rhodesian side.
The war affected Zambia through military incursions, causing the latter to impose security measures including the stationing of soldiers to restrict access to the gorges and some parts of the falls.
Zimbabwe's internationally recognised independence in 1980 brought comparative peace, and the 1980s witnessed renewed levels of tourism and the development of the region as a centre for adventure sports.
Activities that gained popularity in the area include whitewater rafting in the gorges, bungee jumping from the bridge, game fishing, horse riding, kayaking, and flights over the falls.
Article: Fruitvale Station
Section: Promotion

Question: The movie had what publicist?

The Weinstein Company commissioned three murals to be painted in Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco by well-known street artists Ron English, Lydia Emily and LNY, in anticipation of the film.
Some people questioned having a poster for the film in Fruitvale Station, but a BART spokeswoman said about this decision: "there was no debate whether to allow "Fruitvale Station" on BART.
None whatsoever.
We really support Ryan.
He's just an amazing person...
I think that Ryan had said it was his intention to show his love for Oakland and the people of Oakland, and he really succeeded.
"Promotional material used on the film's Facebook page and website referred to the controversial shooting of Trayvon Martin in Florida, which was in the news at the same time as the film's release.
This drew some criticism, with publicist Angie Meyer stating, "It's absolutely inappropriate and morally wrong to use a high profile case to create publicity and buzz around a movie release.
"As part of its film promotion, the Weinstein Co. set up the "I am __" campaign to encourage people to share stories of overcoming acts of social injustice or mistreatment, and to upload photos or other artworks related to those experiences.
Article: Zero Dark Thirty
Section: Objections over the unattributed use of recordings of 9/11 victims

Question: Was attribution used with the recordings in "Zero Dark Thirty"?

According to the relatives of Betty Ong, a flight attendant on a hijacked American Airlines plane, a clip from her call to headquarters was used in the beginning of the film without attribution.
They demanded that, if the film won any awards, the filmmakers apologize at the Academy Awards ceremony for using the clip without getting her heirs' consent.
Her family also asked that the film's U.S. distributors make a charitable donation in Ong's name, and should go on record that the Ong family does not endorse the use of torture.
The end of the film already includes a statement paying tribute to the victims and the families of the 9/11 attacks, and the film producers have already contributed to the memorial and museum being built at Ground Zero.
Mary and Frank Fetchet, parents of Brad Fetchet, who worked on the 89th floor of the World Trade Center's south tower, criticized the filmmakers for using a recording of their son's voicemail without permission.
The recording has previously been heard in broadcast TV news reports and in testimony for the 9/11 Commission.
Article: Louisiana Purchase
Section: Treaty signing

Question: Who signed the Louisiana Purchase

On Saturday, April 30, 1803, the Louisiana Purchase Treaty was signed by Robert Livingston, James Monroe, and Barbé Marbois in Paris.
Jefferson announced the treaty to the American people on July 4.
After the signing of the Louisiana Purchase agreement in 1803, Livingston made this famous statement, "We have lived long, but this is the noblest work of our whole lives... From this day the United States take their place among the powers of the first rank.
"The United States Senate ratified the treaty with a vote of twenty-four to seven on October 20.
The Senators who voted against the treaty were: Simeon Olcott and William Plumer of New Hampshire, William Wells and Samuel White of Delaware, James Hillhouse and Uriah Tracy of Connecticut, and Timothy Pickering of Massachusetts.
On the following day, the Senate authorized President Jefferson to take possession of the territory and establish a temporary military government.
In legislation enacted on October 31, Congress made temporary provisions for local civil government to continue as it had under French and Spanish rule and authorized the President to use military forces to maintain order.
Plans were also set forth for several missions to explore and chart the territory, the most famous being the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
France turned New Orleans over on December 20, 1803 at The Cabildo.
On March 10, 1804, a formal ceremony was conducted in St. Louis to transfer ownership of the territory from France to the United States.
Effective on October 1, 1804, the purchased territory was organized into the Territory of Orleans (most of which became the state of Louisiana) and the District of Louisiana, which was temporarily under the control of the governor and judges of the Indiana Territory.
Article: One More Night (Maroon 5 song)
Section: Synopsis

Question: In the music video for Maroon 5's "One More Night," why is the main character upset after he wins his fight?

The video for "One More Night" opens with two goldfish swimming around in a spheric bowl before segueing into a sequence where the seemingly idyllic home life Levine enjoys with video girlfriend Minka Kelly and their baby daughter is set against scenes of his hands being wrapped and of him training in a boxing ring.
At home, he eats a protein-heavy meal and revels in his baby girl's laughter as he holds her high in the air.
But all is not well, as frequent cuts to Kelly's concerned frown let on.
The writing is on the wall when he has to leave for a big fight and before he leaves, he pretends to soft box his baby daughter.
As he steps into the ring to cheers, she packs her bags.
He wins the fight, but when he returns home battered from the battle, he finds he's lost everything that really mattered.
Kelly and their child are gone and all that's left are the relics of his profession — trophies, a jump rope, a few pictures and a lone goldfish.