community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Looper (film)
Section: Toronto International Film Festival

Question: How did Peter Debruge rate the film Looper?

James Mottram of "Total Film" gave "Looper" 5 stars out of 5, concluding that it was "the best sci-fi movie since "Moon".
The best time-travel yarn since "12 Monkeys".
And one of the best films of 2012.
"Todd McCarthy of "The Hollywood Reporter" gave the film a positive review, calling it "an engaging, neatly worked-out time-travel sci-fi thriller", but also criticizing the effects involved in making Gordon-Levitt resemble Willis: "At first, the effect is a bit odd, and you can't quite put your finger on what's off; then it feels downright weird to be looking at a version of Gordon-Levitt who is no longer the actor you've known for a few years now.
"Peter Debruge of "Variety" also gave the film a positive review, writing that writer-director Johnson's "grandly conceived, impressively mounted third feature shows a giddy, geeky interest in science-fiction, then forces it into the back seat and lets the multidimensional characters drive.
In a genre infamous for loose ends, this thinking man's thriller marshals action, romance and a dose of very dark comedy toward a stunning payoff."
Article: Amélie
Section: Musical adaptation

Question: What band is Dan Messe a founder and member of?

On 23 August 2013 composer Dan Messe, one of the founders and members of the band Hem, confirmed speculation that he would be writing the score for a musical adaptation of Amelie to premiere on Broadway.
He will be collaborating with Craig Lucas and Nathan Tysen.
Messe also confirmed he would be composing all original music for the show and not using the Yann Tiersen score.
Jeunet distanced himself from the musical, saying he only sold the rights to raise funds for children's charity "Mecenat Chirurgie Cardiaque" (Cardiac Surgery Patronage).
Article: Medicine
Section: Legal controls

Question: What are the requirements to become a licensed doctor?

In most countries, it is a legal requirement for a medical doctor to be licensed or registered.
In general, this entails a medical degree from a university and accreditation by a medical board or an equivalent national organization, which may ask the applicant to pass exams.
This restricts the considerable legal authority of the medical profession to physicians that are trained and qualified by national standards.
It is also intended as an assurance to patients and as a safeguard against charlatans that practice inadequate medicine for personal gain.
While the laws generally require medical doctors to be trained in "evidence based", Western, or Hippocratic Medicine, they are not intended to discourage different paradigms of health.
In the European Union, the profession of doctor of medicine is regulated.
A profession is said to be regulated when access and exercise is subject to the possession of a specific professional qualification.
The regulated professions database contains a list of regulated professions for doctor of medicine in the EU member states, EEA countries and Switzerland.
This list is covered by the Directive 2005/36/EC .
Doctors who are negligent or intentionally harmful in their care of patients can face charges of medical malpractice and be subject to civil, criminal, or professional sanctions.
Article: Balkan Wars
Section: Abstract

Question: Which treaty forced Bulgaria to give up most of the territories it had gained in the First Balkan War?

The Balkan Wars were two conflicts that took place in the Balkan Peninsula in south-eastern Europe in 1912 and 1913.
Four Balkan states defeated the Ottoman Empire in the first war; one of the four, Bulgaria, was defeated in the second war.
The Ottoman Empire lost nearly all of its holdings in Europe.
Austria-Hungary, although not a combatant, was weakened as a much enlarged Serbia pushed for union of the South Slavic peoples.
The war set the stage for the Balkan crisis of 1914 and thus was a "prelude to the First World War.
"By the early 20th century, Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro and Serbia had achieved independence from the Ottoman Empire, but large elements of their ethnic populations remained under Ottoman rule.
In 1912, these countries formed the Balkan League.
There were three main causes of the First Balkan War.
The Ottoman Empire was unable to reform itself, govern satisfactorily, or deal with the rising ethnic nationalism of its diverse peoples.
Secondly the Great Powers quarreled amongst themselves and failed to ensure that the Ottomans would carry out the needed reforms.
This led the Balkan states to impose their own solution.
Most important, the Balkan League had been formed, and its members were confident that it could defeat the Turks.
The Ottoman Empire lost almost all its European territories to the west of the River Maritsa, drawing present day Turkey's western border.
A large influx of Turks started to flee into the Ottoman heartland as a result of the lost lands.
By 1914, the remaining core region of the Ottoman Empire had experienced a population increase of around 2.5 million because of the flood of immigration from the Balkans.
In Turkey, it is considered a major disaster ("Balkan harbi faciası") in the nation's history.
The unexpected fall and sudden relinquishing of Turkish-dominated European territories created a psycho-traumatic event amongst the Turks that is said to have triggered the ultimate collapse of the empire itself within five years.
Nazım Pasha, the chief of staff of the Ottoman army has been held responsible of the failure and was assassinated in 1913 by Young Turks.
The First Balkan War broke out when the League attacked the Ottoman Empire on 8 October 1912 and was ended seven months later by the Treaty of London.
After five centuries, the Ottoman Empire lost virtually all of its possessions in the Balkans.
The Second Balkan War broke out on 16 June 1913.
Bulgaria was dissatisfied over the division of the spoils in Macedonia, made in secret by its former allies, Serbia and Greece, and attacked them.
The Serbian and Greek armies repulsed the Bulgarian offensive and counter-attacked into Bulgaria, while Romania and the Ottoman Empire also attacked Bulgaria and gained (or regained) territory.
In the resulting Treaty of Bucharest, Bulgaria lost most of the territories it had gained in the First Balkan War.
Article: The Dark Knight Rises
Section: Costume design

Question: What kind of fragments did they use for Bane's vest in the movie "The Dark Knight Rises"

Costume design.
Costume designer Lindy Hemming explained that Bane uses a mask to inhale an analgesic gas, which, in director Christopher Nolan's words, "keeps his pain just below the threshold so he can function."
In designing Bane's costume, Hemming needed it to look "like an amalgam of all sorts of bits and pieces he cobbled together, as he passed through some very remote places.
We made parts of his vest, for example, from fragments of an old military tent.
His clothes are militaristic, but are not in any way a uniform."
Hemming also designed Bane's mask to look "animalistic".
Costume effects supervisor Graham Churchyard created a three-dimensional model of actor Tom Hardy's face and skull to design the mask, allowing the mask to perfectly conform to the contours of Hardy's face.
Hemming personally designed Bane's coat, which she admitted took two years to complete.
Taking inspiration from a Swedish army jacket and a frock coat from the French Revolution, it was designed to make Bane look like equal parts dictatorial and revolutionary.
The design was difficult as Hemming struggled to find a tailor in Los Angeles who could work with shearling.
The Batsuit consisted of 110 separate pieces, each of which had to be replicated dozens of times over the course of the production.
The base layer was made of a polyester mesh that is utilized by the military and high-tech sports manufacturers because of its breathability and moisture-wicking properties.
Molded pieces of flexible urethane were then attached to the mesh, to form the overall body armor plating.
Carbon fiber panels were placed inside the sections on the legs, chest and abdomen.
The cowl was sculpted from a cast of Bale's face and head to become a perfect fit for Christian Bale.
The suit remained unchanged for the film since "The Dark Knight".
In creating Selina Kyle's catsuit, two layers of material were used, with the outer layer being polyurethane coated spandex, embossed with a hexagonal pattern.
The catsuit also consisted of elbow-length gloves, a utility belt, and thigh-high boots with spike heels.
Article: Glad You Came
Section: In popular culture / Cover versions

Question: Which metalcore band did a cover of this song?

 The song was being used to welcome the Singapore Armed Forces Parachute Team (better known as the Red Lions) during the National Day Parade, 2012 in Singapore.
It was also covered on the TV show "Glee" by The Warblers, led by Grant Gustin, playing the character Sebastian Smythe.
It was covered on Kidz Bop 22.
 The song was covered by the eleventh season top 10 on the 2012 summer tour as the finale song.
The song was also sung by the top 10 on twelfth season on the finale, May 16, 2013, where Candice Glover was crowned the "American Idol" winner.
 "Glad You Came" was covered by Masha, on her YouTube channel on March 8, 2012.
 American metalcore band We Came as Romans released a cover of this song for the compilation album Punk Goes Pop 5.
 Megan Nicole has done a cover of the song on her YouTube channel.
Article: Singapore
Section: History

Question: When did the National Service Riots happen?

Temasek ('sea town'), a second century outpost of the Sumatran Srivijaya empire, is the earliest known settlement on Singapore.
The island was part of the Sri Vijaya Empire when it was invaded by the south Indian Emperor Rajendra Chola I of the Chola Empire in the 11th century.
In 1613, Portuguese raiders burned down the settlement and the island sank into obscurity for the next two centuries.
Nominally, it belonged to the Johor Sultanate during this period.
In 1819, Thomas Stamford Raffles arrived and signed a treaty with Sultan Hussein Shah of Johor on behalf of the British East India Company to develop the southern part of Singapore as a British trading post.
In 1824, the entire island became a British possession under a further treaty with the Sultan and the Temenggong.
In 1826, Singapore became part of the Straits Settlements, under the jurisdiction of British India, becoming the regional capital in 1836.
Before Raffles arrived, there were approximately 1,000 people living on the island, mostly indigenous Malays along with a handful of Chinese.
By 1860, the population exceeded 80,000 and more than half was Chinese.
Many immigrants came to work at rubber plantations and, after the 1870s, the island became a global centre for rubber exports.
During World War II, the Imperial Japanese Army invaded British Malaya, culminating in the Battle of Singapore.
The British were defeated, and surrendered on 15 February 1942.
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill called this "the worst disaster and largest capitulation in British history".
The Sook Ching massacre of ethnic Chinese after the fall of Singapore claimed between 5,000 and 25,000 lives.
The Japanese occupied Singapore until the British repossessed it in September 1945, after the Surrender of Japan.
Singapore's first general election in 1955 was won by David Marshall, the pro-independence leader of the Labour Front.
He led a delegation to London to demand complete self-rule but was turned down by the British.
He subsequently resigned and was replaced by Lim Yew Hock, whose policies convinced Britain to grant Singapore full internal self-government for all matters except defence and foreign affairs.
During the May 1959 elections, the People's Action Party won a landslide victory.
Singapore became an internally self-governing state within the Commonwealth and Lee Kuan Yew became the country's first Prime Minister.
Governor Sir William Allmond Codrington Goode served as the first Yang di-Pertuan Negara ("Head of State"), and was succeeded by Yusof bin Ishak who became the first President of Singapore in 1965.
During the 1950s, Chinese Communists with strong ties to the trade unions and Chinese schools carried out an armed uprising against the government, leading to the Malayan Emergency and later, the Communist Insurgency War.
The 1954 National Service Riots, Chinese middle schools riots and Hock Lee bus riots in Singapore were all linked to these events.
Article: Italy
Section: Foreign relations

Question: What was the year of admittance into the UN for Italy?

Italy is a founding member of the European Community, now the European Union (EU), and of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
Italy was admitted to the United Nations in 1955, and it is a member and strong supporter of a wide number of international organizations, such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organization (GATT/WTO), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Council of Europe, and the Central European Initiative.
Its recent turns in the rotating presidency of international organisations include the Conference for Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE), the forerunner of the OSCE, in 1994; G8; and the EU in 2009 and from July to December 2003.
Italy strongly supports multilateral international politics, endorsing the United Nations and its international security activities.
As of 2013, Italy was deploying 5,296 troops abroad, engaged in 33 UN and NATO missions in 25 countries of the world.
Italy deployed troops in support of UN peacekeeping missions in Somalia, Mozambique, and East Timor and provides support for NATO and UN operations in Bosnia, Kosovo and Albania.
Italy deployed over 2,000 troops in Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) from February 2003.
Italy still supports international efforts to reconstruct and stabilize Iraq, but it had withdrawn its military contingent of some 3,200 troops by November 2006, maintaining only humanitarian operators and other civilian personnel.
In August 2006 Italy deployed about 2,450 troops in Lebanon for the United Nations' peacekeeping mission UNIFIL.
Italy is one of the largest financiers of the Palestinian National Authority, contributing € 60 million in 2013 alone.
Article: Industrial Revolution
Section: Luddites

Question: The attackers supposedly followed whom?

The rapid industrialisation of the English economy cost many craft workers their jobs.
The movement started first with lace and hosiery workers near Nottingham and spread to other areas of the textile industry owing to early industrialisation.
Many weavers also found themselves suddenly unemployed since they could no longer compete with machines which only required relatively limited (and unskilled) labour to produce more cloth than a single weaver.
Many such unemployed workers, weavers and others, turned their animosity towards the machines that had taken their jobs and began destroying factories and machinery.
These attackers became known as Luddites, supposedly followers of Ned Ludd, a folklore figure.
The first attacks of the Luddite movement began in 1811.
The Luddites rapidly gained popularity, and the British government took drastic measures, using the militia or army to protect industry.
Those rioters who were caught were tried and hanged, or transported for life.
Unrest continued in other sectors as they industrialised as well, such as with agricultural labourers in the 1830s when large parts of southern Britain were affected by the Captain Swing disturbances.
Threshing machines were a particular target, and hayrick burning was a popular activity.
However, the riots led to the first formation of trade unions, and further pressure for reform.
Article: Iran
Section: Provinces and cities

Question: What is the population of Tabriz?

Iran is divided into thirty one provinces ("ostān"), each governed by an appointed governor (استاندار, ostāndār).
The provinces are divided into counties ("shahrestān"), and subdivided into districts ("bakhsh") and sub-districts ("dehestān").
Iran has one of the highest urban growth rates in the world.
From 1950 to 2002, the urban proportion of the population increased from 27% to 60%.
The United Nations predicts that by 2030, 80% of the population will be urban.
Most internal migrants have settled near the cities of Tehran, Isfahan, Ahvaz, and Qom.
The listed populations are from the 2006/07 (1385 AP) census.
Tehran, with a population of 7,705,036, is the largest city in Iran and is the capital.
Tehran, like many big cities, suffers from severe air pollution.
It is the hub of the country's communication and transport network.
Mashhad, with a population of 2,410,800, is the second largest Iranian city and the centre of the Razavi Khorasan Province.
Mashhad is one of the holiest Shia cities in the world as it is the site of the Imam Reza shrine.
It is the centre of tourism in Iran, and between 15 and 20 million pilgrims go to the Imam Reza's shrine every year.
Another major Iranian city is Isfahan (population 1,583,609), which is the capital of Isfahan Province.
The Naqsh-e Jahan Square in Isfahan has been designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.
The city contains a wide variety of Islamic architectural sites ranging from the 11th to the 19th century.
The growth of the suburban area around the city has turned Isfahan into Iran's second most populous metropolitan area (3,430,353).
The fourth major city of Iran is Tabriz (population 1,378,935), the capital of the East Azerbaijan Province.
It is also the second industrial city of Iran after Tehran.
Tabriz had been the second largest city in Iran until the late 1960s and one of its former capitals and residence of the crown prince under the Qajar dynasty.
The city has proven extremely influential in the country’s recent history.
The fifth major city is Karaj (population 1,377,450), located in Alborz Province and situated 20 km west of Tehran, at the foot of the Alborz mountains; however, the city is increasingly becoming an extension of metropolitan Tehran.
The sixth major Iranian city is Shiraz (population 1,214,808); it is the capital of Fars Province.
The Elamite civilization to the west greatly influenced the area, which soon came to be known as Persis.
The ancient Persians were present in the region from about the 9th century BCE, and became rulers of a large empire under the Achaemenid dynasty in the 6th century BCE.
The ruins of Persepolis and Pasargadae, two of the four capitals of the Achaemenid Empire, are located in or near Shiraz.
Persepolis was the ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire and is situated northeast of modern Shiraz.
UNESCO declared the citadel of Persepolis a World Heritage Site in 1979.
Article: Before Midnight (film)
Section: Production

Question: Who confirmed the date of filming for the sequel to Before Sunset?

Linklater, Hawke, and Delpy all had suggested the possibility of a sequel to "Before Sunset".
In a video interview in November 2011, Hawke said that he, Delpy and Linklater "have been talking a lot in the last six months.
All three of us have been having similar feelings, that we're kind of ready to revisit those characters.
There's nine years between the first two movies and, if we made the film next summer, it would be nine years again, so we started thinking that would be a good thing to do.
So we're going to try and write it this year.
"In June 2012, Hawke confirmed that the sequel to "Before Sunset" would be filmed in summer 2012.
Soon after, Delpy denied filming would take place in 2012, stating that they were still only writing the script and that filming would not take place until "sometime in the next year, year and a half."
However, in August 2012, numerous reports emerged from Messenia, Greece, that the film was in fact being shot there.
When asked about the reports, this time Hawke stated that he, Delpy and Linklater were in Greece only to write the film, telling MTV News that "we're here writing a third installment to "Before Sunrise".
If it works out, we'll film it, and if it doesn't, we won't.
It's not really worth talking about.
I'm just here developing."
However, Hawke and Delpy's denial was proven to be a ruse when the completion of filming of the new movie, titled "Before Midnight", was announced on September 5, 2012.
Linklater later revealed that after 10 weeks of writing and rehearsing, the film was made in 15 days for less than $3 million, and he aimed to take it to a film festival in early 2013.
Article: Handball
Section: Team officials

Question: What  is the number of team  timeouts  that are allowed per period?

Each team is allowed to have a maximum of four team officials seated on the benches.
An official is anybody who is neither player nor substitute.
One official must be the designated representative who is usually the team manager.
The representative may call a team timeout once every period and may address the scorekeeper, timekeeper, and referees.
As of 2012, the representative may call a total of three team timeouts, with a maximum of two per period.
Other officials typically include physicians or managers.
Neither official is allowed to enter the playing court without the permission of the referees.
Article: I Want to Hold Your Hand
Section: In the studio

Question: Who produced "I Want to Hold Your Hand" of The Beatles?

The Beatles started recording "I Want to Hold Your Hand" at EMI Studios in Studio 2 on 17 October 1963.
This song, along with the single's flip side, "This Boy", was the first Beatles song to be recorded with four-track technology.
The two songs were recorded on the same day, and each needed seventeen takes to complete.
Also, the Beatles were experimenting with organ-sounding guitars, which was achieved by extreme compression on John Lennon's rhythm guitar.
Mono and stereo mixing was done by George Martin on 21 October 1963; further stereo mixes were done on 8 June 1965, for compilations released by EMI affiliates in Australia and the Netherlands, and on 7 November 1966.
"I Want to Hold Your Hand" was one of two Beatles songs (along with "She Loves You" as ""Sie liebt dich"") to be later recorded in German, entitled "Komm, gib mir deine Hand".
Both songs were translated by Luxembourger musician Camillo Felgen, under the pseudonym of "Jean Nicolas".
Odeon, the German arm of EMI (the parent company of the Beatles' record label, Parlophone) was convinced that the Beatles' records would not sell in Germany unless they were sung in German.
The Beatles detested the idea, and when they were due to record the German version on 27 January 1964 at EMI's Pathe Marconi Studios in Paris (where the Beatles were performing 18 days of concerts at the Olympia Theatre) they chose to boycott the session.
Their record producer, George Martin, having waited some hours for them to show up, was outraged and insisted that they give it a try.
Two days later, the Beatles recorded "Komm, gib mir deine Hand", one of the few times in their career that they recorded outside of London.
However, Martin later conceded: "They were right, actually, it wasn’t necessary for them to record in German, but they weren’t graceless, they did a good job".
"Komm, gib mir deine Hand" appeared in full stereo in the United States on the Capitol LP "Something New" and years later on the Capitol CD compilation called "The Capitol Albums, Volume 1".
The German-language track was a big hit in Germany at the time, but today, like all the other German-lyrics versions of English-language pop songs that were popular in that country during the 1950s and 1960s, it is generally considered as a cultural curiosity from a by-gone era at best.
The English versions are much better known in Germany today; the Beatles' Red and Blue albums of the 1970s already featured the English hits on the German pressings.