community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Jiro Dreams of Sushi
Section: Production

Question: What was the movie "Jiro Dreams of Sushi" originally supposed to be named?

Initially, Gelb had planned to do what he had nicknamed "Planet Sushi", inspired by the cinematography of the BBC documentary "Planet Earth":"Originally, I was going to make a film with a lot of different sushi chefs who all had different styles, but when I got to Jiro's restaurant, I was not only amazed by how good the sushi was and how much greater it was than any other sushi restaurant I had ever been to, but I also found Jiro to be such a compelling character and such an interesting person.
I was also fascinated by the story of his son, who is fifty-years-old, but still works for his father at the restaurant.
So, I thought, 'Here's a story about a person living in his father's shadow while his father is in a relentless pursuit of perfection.'
It was the makings of a good feature film.
"Principal photography took Gelb one month (January 2010), augmented by additional scenes shot later that year in August; editing took 10 months.
Article: Physics
Section: Abstract

Question: What areas of research does physics cross with?

Physics (from , from "phúsis" "nature") is the natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through space and time, along with related concepts such as energy and force.
More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.
Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines, perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy.
Over the last two millennia, physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry, certain branches of mathematics, and biology, but during the Scientific Revolution in the 17th century, the natural sciences emerged as unique research programs in their own right.
Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research, such as biophysics and quantum chemistry, and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined.
New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms of other sciences while opening new avenues of research in areas such as mathematics and philosophy.
Physics also makes significant contributions through advances in new technologies that arise from theoretical breakthroughs.
For example, advances in the understanding of electromagnetism or nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products which have dramatically transformed modern-day society, such as television, computers, domestic appliances, and nuclear weapons; advances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization; and advances in mechanics inspired the development of calculus.
Article: Notre Dame de Paris
Section: Architecture

Question: What inspired the creation of St. Peter's in Adelaide, Australia?

Notre-Dame de Paris was among the first buildings in the world to use the flying buttress (arched exterior supports).
The building was not originally designed to include the flying buttresses around the choir and nave but after the construction began, the thinner walls (popularized in the Gothic style) grew ever higher and stress fractures began to occur as the walls pushed outward.
In response, the cathedral's architects built supports around the outside walls, and later additions continued the pattern.
Many small individually crafted statues were placed around the outside to serve as column supports and water spouts.
Among these are the famous gargoyles, designed for water run-off, and chimeras.
The statues were originally colored as was most of the exterior.
The paint has worn off, but the gray stone was once covered with vivid colors.
The cathedral was essentially complete by 1345.
The cathedral has a narrow climb of 387 steps at the top of several spiral staircases; along the climb it is possible to view its most famous bell and its gargoyles in close quarters, as well as having a spectacular view across Paris when reaching the top.
The design of St. Peter's Anglican Cathedral in Adelaide, Australia was inspired by Notre-Dame de Paris.
Article: Rolling in the Deep
Section: Track listing

Question: How long is Adele's "Rolling in the Deep"?

Digital download
"Rolling in the Deep" – 3:48
Digital EP
"Rolling in the Deep" – 3:48
"Rolling in the Deep (Jamie xx Shuffle)" – 4:17
"Rolling in the Deep (Acapella)" – 3:56
"Rolling in the Deep (Avicii Remix)" – 4:25
CD single
"Rolling in the Deep" – 3:48
"If It Hadn't Been for Love" (written by Mike Henderson and Chris Stapleton) – 3:09
Article: Venezuela
Section: Demographics

Question: Where does 93% of Venezuela's populace live?

Venezuela is among the most urbanized countries in Latin America; the vast majority of Venezuelans live in the cities of the north, especially in the capital Caracas, which is also the largest city.
About 93% of the population lives in urban areas in northern Venezuela; 73% live less than from the coastline.
Though almost half of Venezuela's land area lies south of the Orinoco, only 5% of Venezuelans live there.
The largest and most important city south of the Orinoco is Ciudad Guayana, which is the sixth most populous conurbation.
Other major cities include Barquisimeto, Valencia, Maracay, Maracaibo, Mérida, San Cristóbal and Barcelona-Puerto La Cruz.
Article: India
Section: Culture

Question: During what years were the basics of Hindu literature created?

Indian cultural history spans more than 4,500 years.
During the Vedic period (c. 1700 – 500 BCE), the foundations of Hindu philosophy, mythology, and literature were laid, and many beliefs and practices which still exist today, such as "dhárma", "kárma", "yóga", and "mokṣa", were established.
India is notable for its religious diversity, with Hinduism, Sikhism, Islam, Christianity, and Jainism among the nation's major religions.
The predominant religion, Hinduism, has been shaped by various historical schools of thought, including those of the "Upanishads", the "Yoga Sutras", the "Bhakti" movement, and by Buddhist philosophy.
Article: Golf
Section: Scoring

Question: What is the goal of golf?

In every form of play, the goal is to play as few strokes per round as possible.
A golfer's score is usually expressed as the difference between the player's number of strokes and the par score.
A hole in one (or an "ace") occurs when a golfer sinks his ball into the cup with his first stroke from the tee.
Common scores for a hole also have specific terms.
Article: Thailand
Section: 28 June 1932

Question: What year did the Thailand legislative assembly meet?

Prior to 1932, the Kingdom of Siam did not possess a legislature, as all legislative powers were vested within the person of the monarch.
This had been the case since the foundation of the Sukhothai Kingdom in the 12th century: as the king was seen as a "Dharmaraja" or "King who rules in accordance with Dharma" (the Buddhist law of righteousness).
However on 24 June 1932 a group of civilians and military officers, calling themselves the Khana Ratsadon (or People's Party) carried out a bloodless revolution, in which the 150 years of absolute rule of the House of Chakri was ended.
In its stead the group advocated a constitutional form of monarchy with an elected legislature.
The "Draft Constitution" of 1932 signed by King Prajadhipok, created Thailand's first legislature, a People's Assembly with 70 appointed members.
The assembly met for the first time on 28 June 1932, in the Ananda Samakhom Throne Hall.
The Khana Ratsadon decided that the people were not yet ready for an elected assembly; however they later changed their minds.
By the time the "permanent" constitution came into force in December of that year, elections were scheduled for 15 November 1933.
The new constitution also changed the composition of the assembly to 78 directly elected and 78 appointed (by the Khana Ratsadon) together compromising 156 members.
Article: Inside Llewyn Davis
Section: Abstract

Question: Who is Inside Llewyn Davis' author?

Inside Llewyn Davis is a 2013 American comedy-drama film written, directed and edited by Joel and Ethan Coen.
The film stars Oscar Isaac, Carey Mulligan, and John Goodman, and was produced by Scott Rudin, Ethan and Joel Coen.
T Bone Burnett was the executive music producer.
The film is about one week in the life of a singer who is active in New York's folk music scene in 1961.
Although Llewyn Davis is a fictional character, the story was partly inspired by the autobiography of folk singer Dave Van Ronk.
Most of the folk songs performed in the film are sung in full and recorded live.
The film won the Grand Prix at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival, where it screened on May 19, 2013.
It received a limited release in the United States on December 6, 2013, and was given a wide release on January 10, 2014.
It received critical acclaim and was nominated for two Academy Awards, Best Cinematography and Best Sound Mixing, the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Comedy or Musical, and two other nominations.
Article: Sushi
Section: History

Question: When was the Muromachi period of Japan?

The original type of sushi, known today as "nare-zushi" (,) was first made in Southeast Asia, possibly along what is now known as the Mekong River.
The term "sushi" comes from an archaic grammatical form no longer used in other contexts; literally, "sushi" means "sour-tasting", a reflection of its historic fermented origins.
The oldest form of sushi in Japan, "narezushi", still very closely resembles this process, wherein fish is fermented via being wrapped in soured fermenting rice.
The fish proteins break down via fermentation into their constituent amino acids.
The fermenting rice and fish results in a sour taste and also one of the five basic tastes, called "umami" in Japanese.
Contemporary Japanese sushi has little resemblance to the traditional lacto-fermented rice dish.
Originally, when the fermented fish was taken out of the rice, only the fish was consumed while the fermented rice was discarded.
The strong-tasting and smelling "funazushi", a kind of "narezushi" made near Lake Biwa in Japan, resembles the traditional fermented dish.
Beginning in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) of Japan, vinegar was added to the mixture for better taste and preservation.
The vinegar accentuated the rice's sourness and was known to increase its shelf life, allowing the fermentation process to be shortened and eventually abandoned.
In the following centuries, sushi in Osaka evolved into "oshi-zushi".
The seafood and rice were pressed using wooden (usually bamboo) molds.
By the mid 18th century, this form of sushi had reached Edo (contemporary Tokyo).
The contemporary version, internationally known as "sushi", was created by Hanaya Yohei (1799–1858) at the end of the Edo period in Edo.
Sushi invented by Hanaya was an early form of fast food that was not fermented (therefore prepared quickly) and could be conveniently eaten with one's hands.
Originally, this sushi was known as "Edomae zushi" because it used freshly caught fish in the "Edo-mae" (Edo Bay or Tokyo Bay).
Though the fish used in modern sushi no longer usually comes from Tokyo Bay, it is still formally known as "Edomae nigirizushi".
The "Oxford English Dictionary" notes the earliest written mention of sushi in English in an 1893 book, "A Japanese Interior", where it mentions sushi as ""a roll of cold rice with fish, sea-weed, or some other flavoring"".
However, there is also mention of sushi in a Japanese-English dictionary from 1873, and an 1879 article on Japanese cookery in the journal "Notes and Queries".
Article: Football
Section: Inside the UK

Question: Where and when is the Haxey Hood played?

 The Haxey Hood, played on Epiphany in Haxey, Lincolnshire
 Shrove Tuesday games
* Scoring the Hales in Alnwick, Northumberland
* Royal Shrovetide Football in Ashbourne, Derbyshire
* The Shrovetide Ball Game in Atherstone, Warwickshire
* The Shrove Tuesday Football Ceremony of the Purbeck Marblers in Corfe Castle, Dorset
* Hurling the Silver Ball at St Columb Major in Cornwall
* The Ball Game in Sedgefield, County Durham
 In Scotland the Ba game ("Ball Game") is still popular around Christmas and Hogmanay at:
* Duns, Berwickshire
* Scone, Perthshire
* Kirkwall in the Orkney Islands
Article: Yellowstone National Park
Section: Heritage and Research Center

Question: Where is the Heritage and Research Center located at?

The Heritage and Research Center is located at Gardiner, Montana, near the north entrance to the park.
The center is home to the Yellowstone National Park's museum collection, archives, research library, historian, archeology lab, and herbarium.
The Yellowstone National Park Archives maintain collections of historical records of Yellowstone and the National Park Service.
The collection includes the administrative records of Yellowstone, as well as resource management records, records from major projects, and donated manuscripts and personal papers.
The archives are affiliated with the National Archives and Records Administration.
Article: The Lion King
Section: Accolades

Question: Which songs were nominated for awards from the film?

"The Lion King" received four Golden Globe and Academy Award nominations.
The film would go on to win two Golden Globes; for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy and Best Original Score, as well as two Academy Awards, for Best Original Score (Hans Zimmer) and Best Original Song with "Can You Feel the Love Tonight" by Elton John and Tim Rice.
The songs "Circle of Life" and "Hakuna Matata" were also nominated.
"Can You Feel the Love Tonight" also won the BMI Film Music Award, and the Grammy Award for Best Male Vocal Performance.
The film also won Annie Awards for Best Animated Feature, Best Achievement in Voice Acting (for Jeremy Irons) and Best Individual Achievement for Story Contribution in the Field of Animation.
At the Saturn Awards, the film was nominated in two categories, Best Fantasy Film and Best Performance by a Younger Actor although it did not win in either category.
The film also received two nominations at the British Academy Film Awards, for Best Sound as well as the Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music although it lost in both categories to "Speed" and "Backbeat" respectively.
The film received two BMI Film & TV Awards for Film Music and Most Performed Song with "Can You Feel the Love Tonight."
At the 1995 MTV Movie Awards the film received nominations for Best Villain and Best Song, though it lost in both categories.
"The Lion King" won the Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie at the 1995 Kids' Choice Awards.
In 2008, "The Lion King" was ranked as the 319th greatest film ever made by "Empire" magazine, and in June 2011, "TIME" named it one of "The 25 All-TIME Best Animated Films".
In June 2008, the American Film Institute listed "The Lion King" as the 4th best film in the animation genre in its AFI's 10 Top 10 list.
AFI had also put "Hakuna Matata" as 99th on its AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs ranking.
Article: Viva la Vida
Section: Sporting usage

Question: When was Viva la Vida chosen as the anthem for FC Barcelona?

During the 2008/2009 season, the German football club Hamburger SV used "Viva la Vida" as their goal celebration song.
The song also became the anthem of Spanish football club FC Barcelona during the 2008–09 season.
It turned out to be a season of unprecedented success for the Spanish club in 2009, as they won all six competitions they could possible be involved in, which no football club has managed before in history.
The song was selected by the manager of the club, Josep Guardiola – himself a Coldplay fan – to help motivate and encourage his team.
It is often played at the Camp Nou before the start of a Barcelona match.
The song was also played during Pep Guardiola's farewell before his final match coaching Barcelona at the Nou Camp, a 4–0 victory against Espanyol on 5 May 2012.
The UEFA used "Viva la Vida" as the goal celebration song for the 2012 UEFA Champions League Final and Europa League Final.
The National Hockey League's New York Rangers play "Viva la Vida" at Madison Square Garden after victories.
The song was used by the Vancouver Canucks in a tribute video during Markus Näslund's number retirement ceremony held in Vancouver's Rogers Arena.
It was also used in Game 7 of the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals when the Boston Bruins won the Stanley Cup on Vancouver Ice.
The Kansas City Chiefs play the song at the end of home games in Arrowhead Stadium.
Additionally, it is also used by the Kansas City Royals to celebrate home runs and wins at Kauffman Stadium.
This is the at-bat music of Scott Rolen, third baseman of the Cincinnati Reds.
The song was also used pre match during every 2008 Rugby League World Cup game before the two teams took to the field.
Article: The Good Wife
Section: Season 1

Question: Where is the law firm located in the show?

Season synopses.
Season 1.
As a junior associate at a prestigious Chicago law firm, Alicia Florrick joins her longtime friend, former law school classmate and firm partner Will Gardner, who is interested in rekindling their former relationship.
The firm's top litigator and other partner, Diane Lockhart, likes Alicia's work and her connections so she and Will award her with a full-time associate position following a trial period.
Alicia beat out Cary Agos, a clever young attorney who takes a job in the state's attorney's office, now bitter and vengeful.
Alicia finds an ally and a friend in Kalinda, the firm's tough and mysterious in-house investigator.
Gaining confidence every day, Alicia transforms herself from embarrassed politician's scorned wife to resilient career woman, especially for the sake of providing a stable home for her children, 14-year-old Zach and 13-year-old Grace.
Now that Peter is back home and planning to run for office again with help from Eli Gold, his cunning image consultant, Alicia continues to redefine herself and her role in her family's life.
Article: Cheese
Section: Origins

Question: What is the purpose an animals skins and organs in cheese making?

Cheese is an ancient food whose origins predate recorded history.
There is no conclusive evidence indicating where cheesemaking originated, either in Europe, Central Asia or the Middle East, but the practice had spread within Europe prior to Roman times and, according to Pliny the Elder, had become a sophisticated enterprise by the time the Roman Empire came into being.
The earliest evidence of cheese-making in the archaeological record dates back to 5,500 BCE, in what is now Kujawy, Poland, where strainers with milk fats molecules have been found.
Earliest proposed dates for the origin of cheesemaking range from around 8000 BCE, when sheep were first domesticated.
Since animal skins and inflated internal organs have, since ancient times, provided storage vessels for a range of foodstuffs, it is probable that the process of cheese making was discovered accidentally by storing milk in a container made from the stomach of an animal, resulting in the milk being turned to curd and whey by the rennet from the stomach.
There is a legend – with variations – about the discovery of cheese by an Arab trader who used this method of storing milk.
Cheesemaking may have begun independently of this by the pressing and salting of curdled milk to preserve it.
Observation that the effect of making milk in an animal stomach gave more solid and better-textured curds may have led to the deliberate addition of rennet.
Early archeological evidence of Egyptian cheese has been found in Egyptian tomb murals, dating to about 2000 BCE.
The earliest cheeses were likely to have been quite sour and salty, similar in texture to rustic cottage cheese or feta, a crumbly, flavorful Greek cheese.
Cheese produced in Europe, where climates are cooler than the Middle East, required less salt for preservation.
With less salt and acidity, the cheese became a suitable environment for useful microbes and molds, giving aged cheeses their respective flavors.
Article: Norway
Section: Bronze Age

Question: When did bronze become part of Norway's livelihood?

Between 3000 and 2500 BC new settlers (Corded Ware culture) arrived in eastern Norway.
They were Indo-European farmers who grew grain and kept cows and sheep.
The hunting-fishing population of the west coast was also gradually replaced by farmers, though hunting and fishing remained useful secondary means of livelihood.
From about 1500 BC bronze was gradually introduced, but the use of stone implements continued; Norway had few riches to barter for bronze goods, and the few finds consist mostly of elaborate weapons and brooches that only chieftains could afford.
Huge burial cairns built close to the sea as far north as Harstad and also inland in the south are characteristic of this period.
The motifs of the rock carvings differ from those typical of the Stone Age.
Representations of the Sun, animals, trees, weapons, ships, and people are all strongly stylised.
Article: Vietnam War
Section: Popular culture

Question: What film, starring John Wayne, was one of the first major films based on the Vietnam War?

The Vietnam War has been featured extensively in television, film, video games, and literature in the participant countries.
In American popular culture, the "Crazy Vietnam Veteran", driven mad or otherwise disturbed by his experiences in Vietnam, became a common stock character after the war.
One of the first major films based on the Vietnam War was John Wayne's pro-war film, "The Green Berets" (1968).
Further cinematic representations were released during the 1970s and 1980s, including Michael Cimino's "The Deer Hunter" (1978), Francis Ford Coppola's "Apocalypse Now" (1979), Oliver Stone's "Platoon" (1986) — based on his service in the U.S. Military during the Vietnam War, Stanley Kubrick's "Full Metal Jacket" (1987), "Hamburger Hill" (1987), and "Casualties of War" (1989).
Later films would include "We Were Soldiers" (2002) and "Rescue Dawn" (2007).
The war also influenced a generation of musicians and songwriters in Vietnam and the United States, both anti-war and pro/anti-communist.
The band Country Joe and the Fish recorded "I-Feel-Like-I'm-Fixin'-To-Die Rag" / The "Fish" Cheer in 1965, and it became one of the most influential anti-Vietnam protest anthems.
Trinh Cong Son was a South Vietnamese songwriter famous for his anti-war songs.
Article: Falling Skies
Section: Recurring cast

Question: Which actor played Uncle Scott in season 1?

 Dale Dye as Colonel/General Jim Porter (season 1–3)
 Megan Danso as Deni (season 3 onwards)
 Bruce Gray as Uncle Scott (season 1)
 Martin Roach as Mike Thompson (season 1)
 Lynne Deragon as Kate Gordon (season 1)
 Melissa Kramer as Sarah (season 1)
 Steven Weber as Dr. Michael Harris (season 1)
 Dylan Authors as Jimmy Boland (seasons 1–2)
 Daniyah Ysrail as Rick Thompson (seasons 1-2)
 Ryan Robbins as Tector Murphy, one of the Berserkers (season 2 onwards)
 Luciana Carro as Crazy Lee, one of the Berserkers (seasons 2–3)
 Brad Kelly as Lyle, one of the Berserkers (season 2 onwards)
 Billy Wickman as Boon, one of the Berserkers (season 2)
 Terry O'Quinn as Arthur Manchester (season 2–3)
 Matt Frewer as General Bressler (seasons 2–3)
 Laci J Mailey as Jeanne Weaver (season 2 onwards)
 Brandon Jay McLaren as Jamil Dexter (season 2)
 Gloria Reuben as Marina Peralta (season 3 onwards)
 Robert Sean Leonard as Dr. Roger Kadar (season 3 onwards)