community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
Section: In popular culture

Question: "Sunday in the Park with George" was written by who?

The January 1974 "Playboy" magazine featured Nancy Cameron, its Playmate of the Month, on its cover superimposed on the painting in similar style.
The painting was the basis for the 1984 Broadway musical "Sunday In The Park With George" by Stephen Sondheim and James Lapine.
Subsequently the painting is sometimes referred to by the misnomer ""Sunday in the Park"".
The painting is prominently featured in the 1986 comedy film "Ferris Bueller's Day Off".
At the Old Deaf School Park in Columbus, Ohio, sculptor James T. Mason recreated the painting in topiary form; the installation was completed in 1989.
The painting was the inspiration for the commemorative poster printed for the 1993 Detroit Belle Isle Grand Prix, with racing cars and the Detroit skyline added.
The painting was featured, among others, in a scene from "".
It also featured in an episode of Family Guy, when Stewie visits an art museum; both times a parody of the famous "Ferris Bueller" sequence.
Article: Louisiana Purchase
Section: Treaty signing

Question: Who was in charge of signing the Louisiana Purchase?

On Saturday, April 30, 1803, the Louisiana Purchase Treaty was signed by Robert Livingston, James Monroe, and Barbé Marbois in Paris.
Jefferson announced the treaty to the American people on July 4.
After the signing of the Louisiana Purchase agreement in 1803, Livingston made this famous statement, "We have lived long, but this is the noblest work of our whole lives... From this day the United States take their place among the powers of the first rank.
"The United States Senate ratified the treaty with a vote of twenty-four to seven on October 20.
The Senators who voted against the treaty were: Simeon Olcott and William Plumer of New Hampshire, William Wells and Samuel White of Delaware, James Hillhouse and Uriah Tracy of Connecticut, and Timothy Pickering of Massachusetts.
On the following day, the Senate authorized President Jefferson to take possession of the territory and establish a temporary military government.
In legislation enacted on October 31, Congress made temporary provisions for local civil government to continue as it had under French and Spanish rule and authorized the President to use military forces to maintain order.
Plans were also set forth for several missions to explore and chart the territory, the most famous being the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
France turned New Orleans over on December 20, 1803 at The Cabildo.
On March 10, 1804, a formal ceremony was conducted in St. Louis to transfer ownership of the territory from France to the United States.
Effective on October 1, 1804, the purchased territory was organized into the Territory of Orleans (most of which became the state of Louisiana) and the District of Louisiana, which was temporarily under the control of the governor and judges of the Indiana Territory.
Article: Norway
Section: Architecture

Question: What was the reason for churches being built 1,00 years ago in Norway?

With expansive forests, Norway has had a tradition of building in wood.
Many of today's most interesting new buildings are made of wood, reflecting the strong appeal that this material continues to hold for Norwegian designers and builders.
With Norway's conversion to Christianity some 1,000 years ago, churches were constructed.
Stonework architecture was introduced from Europe for the most important structures, beginning with the construction of Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim.
In the early Middle Ages, wooden stave churches were constructed throughout Norway.
Many of them have survived and represent Norway's most unique contribution to architectural history.
A fine example is Urnes Stave Church, which is now on UNESCO's World Heritage List.
Another notable example of wooden architecture are buildings at the Bryggen Wharf in Bergen, consisting of a row of narrow wooden structures along the quayside.
In the 17th century, under the Danish monarchy, cities and villages such as Kongsberg and Røros were established.
The city had a church built in the Baroque style.
Traditional wooden buildings were constructed in Røros which have survived changes since then.
After Norway's union with Denmark was dissolved in 1814, Oslo became the capital.
The architect Christian H. Grosch designed the earliest parts of the University of Oslo, the Oslo Stock Exchange, and many other buildings and churches constructed in that early national period.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the city of Ålesund was rebuilt in the Art Nouveau style, influenced by styles of France.
The 1930s, when functionalism dominated, became a strong period for Norwegian architecture.
It is only since the late 20th century that Norwegian architects have achieved international renown.
One of the most striking modern buildings in Norway is the Sami Parliament in Kárášjohka, designed by Stein Halvorson and Christian Sundby.
Its debating chamber is an abstract timber version of a "lavvo," the traditional tent used by the nomadic Sami people.
Article: Where Have You Been
Section: Critical reception

Question: Who said that Where Have You Been was rave-tastic?

"Where Have You Been" garnered positive reviews from music critics.
Andy Kellman for Allmusic wrote that "Where Have You Been", along with the album's lead single "We Found Love", serve as "Talk That Talk"s "place-holding" dance tracks.
Greg Kot for the "Chicago Tribune" compared "Where Have You Been" and "We Found Love" for being "rave-tastic."
Aside from noting the similarities between the two songs, Randell Roberts for "Los Angeles Times" wrote that neither song would sound out of place at an Electric Daisy Carnival.
Julianne Escobedo Shepherd for "Spin" also wrote that the song was a perfect play for a festival, writing Where Have You Been' is tailor-made for a Coachella pool rave."
Jon Caramanica for "The New York Times" was complimentary of both songs, but wrote that "Where Have You Been" "is even better."
Mark Graham for VH1 compared the song to one of Rihanna's previous singles from her 2007 album "Good Girl Gone Bad", "Don't Stop the Music", writing Where Have You Been will almost certainly be Rihanna's biggest club smash since 'Don't Stop the Music'.
"Robert Copsey for Digital Spy shared the same opinion as Graham, writing "We labelled 'Where Have You Been' the record's 'Don't Stop The Music'."
He continued to give an explanation as to why the songs are similar writing "On the surface, similarities between the two are almost non-existent, but on closer inspection, not only are they the danciest cuts on their respective LPs, they're both favourites that fans have been eager to see get an official release."
Copsey concluded his review praising the song and Rihanna, writing "Like Rihanna herself, it's hectic, confident and unashamedly sexual."
Meghan Brownfield for the "Columbia Missourian" praised the song as a track which people will want to dance to as well as writing that the lyrics ensure that the listener pays attention to the lyrics, saying "It is a song you would hear in a club that everyone would want to dance to.
This song makes you want to move, and it also has some strong lyrics that make you focus on what she is saying."
Matthew Cole for Slant Magazine, however, was critical of the song, writing that the song is a "boring dubstep-normalizing dance number reminiscent of LMFAO," as well as Rihanna's own "We Found Love".
Article: Disney's Hollywood Studios
Section: Annual events

Question: What month and year did the final presentation at Disney's Hollywood Studios occur?

Disney's Hollywood Studios hosts a number of events during the year that often draw thousands of fans to the park.
 ESPN The Weekend (late winter) features commentators from the Disney-owned cable sports channels as well as sports celebrities.
 Star Wars Weekends (May - June) brings "Star Wars" fans and celebrities together for special park events.
Running Fridays-Sundays throughout June, they feature the 501st Legion (a worldwide "Star Wars" costuming group) parading through the park in Stormtrooper costumes, several "Star Wars" actors appearing each weekend for photos and autographs, Jedi Training Academy classes for younger guests, and other activities.
 The Osborne Family Spectacle of Dancing Lights (November–January) take over the Streets of America during the Christmas season.
The display features over five million Christmas lights on more than of wire.
One former event of note was the ABC Super Soap Weekend.
Scheduled in November, the event paid tribute to the legions of fans of soap operas from ABC.
Guests could meet stars from "All My Children", "One Life to Live" and "General Hospital".
The event's final presentation was in November 2008, with ABC instead planning to schedule multiple, smaller regional events around the country for its fans.
Article: Indonesia
Section: Abstract

Question: Independence was secured by Indonesia after which war?

Indonesia ( or ), officially the Republic of Indonesia ( ), is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia and Oceania.
Indonesia is an archipelago comprising 13,466 islands.
It encompasses 33 provinces and 1 Special Administrative Region (for being governed by a pre-colonial monarchy) with over 238 million people, making it the world's fourth most populous country.
Indonesia's republic form of government comprises an elected legislature and president.
The nation's capital city is Jakarta.
The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia.
Other neighboring countries include Singapore, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Indonesia is a founding member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies.
The Indonesian economy is the world's 16th largest by nominal GDP.
The Indonesian archipelago has been an important trade region since at least the 7th century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India.
Local rulers gradually absorbed foreign cultural, religious and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished.
Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources.
Muslim traders brought the now-dominant Islam, while European powers brought Christianity and fought one another to monopolize trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery.
Following three and a half centuries of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia secured its independence after World War II.
Indonesia's history has since been turbulent, with challenges posed by natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process, and periods of rapid economic change.
Indonesia consists of hundreds of distinct native ethnic and linguistic groups.
The largest – and politically dominant – ethnic group are the Javanese.
A shared identity has developed, defined by a national language, ethnic diversity, religious pluralism within a majority Muslim population, and a history of colonialism and rebellion against it.
Indonesia's national motto, ""Bhinneka Tunggal Ika"" ("Unity in Diversity" "literally," "many, yet one"), articulates the diversity that shapes the country.
Despite its large population and densely populated regions, Indonesia has vast areas of wilderness that support the world's second highest level of biodiversity.
The country has abundant natural resources, yet poverty remains widespread.
Article: Glad You Came
Section: Background

Question: Glad you came was writtem by who?

The song was written and produced by Steve Mac.
It serves as the second single from The Wanted's second album, "Battleground" which was released on 7 November 2011.
Band member Tom Parker said of the song, "We all felt it was a new, refreshing sound and a perfect song for the summer which really gets you in the mood for a party."
The song premiered on the radio on 24 May 2011.
The song was also remixed by Alex Gaudino.
The American television series "Glee" covered the track in the episode "On My Way", which was aired during the third season.
It was performed at the Regionals competition between New Directions and the Dalton Academy Warblers.
Sebastian (Grant Gustin) leads the performance.
Article: Glee (TV series)
Section: Merchandise

Question: When was "Glee-The complete First Season" released?

Three soundtrack albums were released to accompany "Glee" first season: ', ' and '.
Two extended plays (EP) accompanied the episodes "The Power of Madonna" and "Journey to Regionals": ' and ' respectively.
"Glee: The Music, The Complete Season One", a compilation album featuring all 100 studio recordings from the first season, was released exclusively to the iTunes Store.
Five soundtrack albums were released to accompany "Glee" second season: ', featuring Christmas-themed songs, and ', were both released in November 2010; ', ', and ' were 2011 releases, in March, April, and May, respectively.
An EP entitled "" was released to accompany the Halloween episode, "The Rocky Horror Glee Show".
Two EPs were released exclusively at the Target discount chain: "Glee: The Music, Love Songs" in the last week of 2010, and "Glee: The Music, Dance Party" in early September 2011.
"Glee" has been released on several DVD and Blu-ray box-sets.
"Glee – Pilot Episode: Director's Cut" features the pilot episode and a preview of the second episode, "Showmance".
"Glee – Volume 1: Road to Sectionals" contains the first thirteen episodes of season one, and "Glee – Volume 2: Road to Regionals" contains the final nine episodes of the first season.
"Glee – The Complete First Season" was released on September 13, 2010.
Three boxed sets were released for the second season: "Glee Season 2: Volume 1" containing the first ten episodes on January 25, 2011, and both "Glee Season 2: Volume 2" with the final twelve episode and "Glee: The Complete Second Season" with all twenty-two on September 13, 2011.
All three were released on DVD; only the complete season is available on Blu-ray.
Little, Brown Books is in the process of publishing five "Glee"–related young adult novels, which are being developed in collaboration with the show's producers and writers.
The first three novels have been written by Sophia Lowell; the first, "Glee: The Beginning", was released in August 2010 and serves as a prequel to the events of the television series.
Subsequent novels include "Glee: Foreign Exchange", released in February 2011, and "Glee: Summer Break", released in July 2011.
Twentieth Century Fox Consumer Products have plans for a line of "Glee"–related merchandise including games, electrical products, greeting cards, apparel and stationery.
Macy's carry a line of "Glee"–related clothing, and Claire's stock accessories.
Article: Universal Orlando
Section: Universal Transit

Question: What is Universal Orlando's internal transportation called?

Universal Orlando's internal transportation system is often dubbed "Universal Transit."
The system consists of water taxis, buses, escalators, elevators, moving walkways, and pathways which transport guests between the parking structure, hotels, CityWalk, the theme parks, and Wet 'n Wild.
Onsite hotel guests can get to the theme parks and CityWalk by either boarding a water taxi which will take them directly to CityWalk or may use walkways.
The dock at CityWalk is located at the center of CityWalk and can be accessed by theme park visitors via the bridges connecting CityWalk to the theme parks.
Along the pathways, bicycles also transport guests for an additional cost.
For guests who prefer not to use a water taxi or walk or wish to go to Wet 'n Wild, they will find shuttle transportation also available at the onsite hotels.
These stop at five locations: Loews Portofino Bay Hotel & Spa, Hard Rock Hotel, Loews Royal Pacific Resort, Universal Orlando theme parks, and Wet 'n Wild.
The resort also features two large parking structures, for day and night guests who need to park, connected by bridge to Citywalk and the theme parks.
Article: Batman Begins
Section: Abstract

Question: What year did the movie "Batman Begins" premiere?

Batman Begins is a 2005 British-American superhero film based on the fictional DC Comics character Batman, co-written and directed by Christopher Nolan.
It stars Christian Bale as Batman along with Michael Caine, Liam Neeson, Katie Holmes, Gary Oldman, and Morgan Freeman.
The film reboots the "Batman" film series, telling the origin story of the character from Bruce Wayne's initial fear of bats, the death of his parents, his journey to become Batman, and his fight against Ra's al Ghul's plot to destroy Gotham City.
It draws inspiration from classic comic book storylines such as "The Man Who Falls", ', and '.
After a series of unsuccessful projects to resurrect Batman on screen following the 1997 critical failure of "Batman & Robin", Nolan and David S. Goyer began to work on the film in early 2003 and aimed for a darker and more realistic tone, with humanity and realism being the basis of the film.
The goal was to get the audience to care for both Batman and Bruce Wayne.
The film, which was primarily shot in Iceland and Chicago, relied on traditional stunts and miniatures – computer-generated imagery was used minimally.
"Batman Begins" was both critically and commercially successful.
The film opened on June 17, 2005, in the United States and Canada in 3,858 theaters.
It grossed $48 million in its opening weekend in North America, eventually grossing over $372 million worldwide.
The film received critical acclaim and has been considered by many as one of the best superhero films ever made.
Critics noted that fear was a common motif throughout the film, and remarked that it had a darker tone compared with previous "Batman" films.
The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Cinematography and three BAFTA awards.
The film is followed by "The Dark Knight" (2008) and "The Dark Knight Rises" (2012) in a continual story-arc, which has later been referred to as "The Dark Knight" trilogy.
Article: Telescope
Section: Types

Question: What is an observatory?

The name "telescope" covers a wide range of instruments.
Most detect electromagnetic radiation, but there are major differences in how astronomers must go about collecting light (electromagnetic radiation) in different frequency bands.
Telescopes may be classified by the wavelengths of light they detect:
 X-ray telescopes, using shorter wavelengths than ultraviolet light
 Ultraviolet telescopes, using shorter wavelengths than visible light
 Optical telescopes, using visible light
 Infrared telescopes, using longer wavelengths than visible light
 Submillimetre telescopes, using longer wavelengths than infrared light
As wavelengths become longer, it becomes easier to use antenna technology to interact with electromagnetic radiation (although it is possible to make very tiny antenna).
The near-infrared can be handled much like visible light, however in the far-infrared and submillimetre range, telescopes can operate more like a radio telescope.
For example the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope observes from wavelengths from 3 μm (0.003 mm) to 2000 μm (2 mm), but uses a parabolic aluminum antenna.
On the other hand, the Spitzer Space Telescope, observing from about 3 μm (0.003 mm) to 180 μm (0.18 mm) uses a mirror (reflecting optics).
Also using reflecting optics, the Hubble Space Telescope with Wide Field Camera 3 can observe from about 0.2 μm (0.0002 mm) to 1.7 μm (0.0017 mm) (from ultra-violet to infrared light).
 Fresnel Imager, an optical lens technology
 X-ray optics, optics for certain X-ray wavelengths
Another threshold in telescope design, as photon energy increases (shorter wavelengths and higher frequency) is the use of fully reflecting optics rather than glancing-incident optics.
Telescopes such as TRACE and SOHO use special mirrors to reflect Extreme ultraviolet, producing higher resolution and brighter images then otherwise possible.
A larger aperture does not just mean more light is collected, it is collected at a higher diffraction limit.
Telescopes may also be classified by location: ground telescope, space telescope, or flying telescope.
They may also be classified by whether they are operated by professional astronomers or amateur astronomers.
A vehicle or permanent campus containing one or more telescopes or other instruments is called an observatory.
Article: Physics
Section: Modern physics

Question: What's an example of something that was a problem for classical physics?

Modern physics began in the early 20th century with the work of Max Planck in quantum theory and Albert Einstein's theory of relativity.
Both of these theories came about due to inaccuracies in classical mechanics in certain situations.
Classical mechanics predicted a varying speed of light, which could not be resolved with the constant speed predicted by Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism; this discrepancy was corrected by Einstein's theory of special relativity, which replaced classical mechanics for fast-moving bodies and allowed for a constant speed of light.
Black body radiation provided another problem for classical physics, which was corrected when Planck proposed that light comes in individual packets known as photons; this, along with the photoelectric effect and a complete theory predicting discrete energy levels of electron orbitals, led to the theory of quantum mechanics taking over from classical physics at very small scales.
Quantum mechanics would come to be pioneered by Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrödinger and Paul Dirac.
From this early work, and work in related fields, the Standard Model of particle physics was derived.
Following the discovery of a particle with properties consistent with the Higgs boson at CERN in 2012, all fundamental particles predicted by the standard model, and no others, appear to exist; however physics beyond the Standard Model, with theories such as supersymmetry, is an active area of research.
Article: She Will Be Loved
Section: Abstract

Question: What was the peak position in the UK for 'She Will Be Loved'?

"She Will Be Loved" is the third single on the American band Maroon 5's 2002 debut album, "Songs About Jane".
Released in 2004, the single peaked at #5 in the United States, and by December 2012 had sold more than 2,722,000 digital downloads.
It peaked at #4 in the United Kingdom.
In Australia, it reached #1, a position it held for 5 non-consecutive weeks.
The single is noted for its music video starring Kelly Preston.
The song proved as successful as the band's previous hits, "This Love" and "Harder to Breathe", hitting number 1 on the Mainstream Top 40 and Adult Top 40 charts, but it prompted many alternative radio outlets to remove Maroon 5 from their playlists, on the ground that the band's newer songs were too light for alt-rock audiences.
These stations continued to play "Harder to Breathe" and "This Love", but Maroon 5's newer hits were played only on pop and adult contemporary stations.
Article: Tokyo Disneyland
Section: Abstract

Question: How many themed sections are in the park?

There are seven themed areas in the park: the World Bazaar; the four classic Disney lands: Adventureland, Westernland, Fantasyland and Tomorrowland; and two mini-lands: Critter Country and Mickey's Toontown.
Many of the games and rides in these areas mirror those in the original Disneyland as they are based on American Disney films and fantasies.
Fantasyland includes Peter Pan's Flight, Snow White's Scary Adventures, Dumbo the Flying Elephant, and more based on classic Disney films and characters.
The park is noted for its extensive open spaces, to accommodate the large crowds that visit the park.
In 2009, Tokyo Disneyland hosted approximately 13.65 million guests, ranking it as the third-most visited theme park in the world, behind its American sister parks, Magic Kingdom in Orlando and Disneyland Park in Anaheim.
In 2011, the park hosted 14 million visitors, again ranking it as the world's third most visited theme park.