community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Saudi Arabia
Section: Society

Question: What percentage of the country's kids are being abused?

Saudi society has a number of issues and tensions.
A rare independent opinion poll published in 2010 indicated that Saudis' main social concerns were unemployment (at 10% in 2010), corruption and religious extremism.
Crime is not a significant problem.
However, the government of Saudi Arabia's objective of being a religious Islamic country, coupled with economic difficulties, has created deep social tensions in Saudi society.
Many Saudis want a reformed, more secular government and to have more influence in the political process.
On the other hand, juvenile delinquency, drug-use and excessive use of alcohol are getting worse.
High unemployment and a generation of young males filled with contempt toward the Royal Family is a significant threat to Saudi social stability.
Some Saudis feel they are entitled to well-paid government jobs, and the failure of the government to satisfy this sense of entitlement has led to considerable dissatisfaction.
The Shiite minority, located primarily in the Eastern Province, are subjected to institutionalized government discrimination, inequality and repression.
Terrorist attacks in Saudi Arabia have made it clear that Saudi Arabia does harbor indigenous terrorists.
According to a 2009 U.S. State Department communication by Hillary Clinton, United States Secretary of State, (disclosed as part of the Wikileaks U.S. 'cables leaks' controversy in 2010) "donors in Saudi Arabia constitute the most significant source of funding to Sunni terrorist groups worldwide".
Part of this funding arises through the zakat (an act of charity dictated by Islam) paid by all Saudis to charities, and amounting to at least 2.5% of their income.
Although many charities are genuine, others, it is alleged, serve as fronts for money laundering and terrorist financing operations.
While many Saudis contribute to those charities in good faith believing their money goes toward good causes, it has been alleged that others know full well the terrorist purposes to which their money will be applied.
According to a study conducted by Dr. Nura Al-Suwaiyan, director of the family safety program at the National Guard Hospital, one in four children are abused in Saudi Arabia.
The National Society for Human Rights reports that almost 45% of the country's children are facing some sort of abuse and domestic violence.
It has also been claimed that trafficking of women is a particular problem in Saudi Arabia as the country's large number of female foreign domestic workers, and loopholes in the system cause many to fall victim to abuse and torture.
Widespread inbreeding in Saudi Arabia, resulting from the traditional practice of encouraging marriage between close relatives, has produced high levels of several genetic disorders including thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, spinal muscular atrophy, deafness and muteness.
Article: A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
Section: Acquisition by the Art Institute of Chicago

Question: When did the Art Institute of Chicago appoint Frederick Bartlett as trustee?

In 1923, Frederick Bartlett was appointed trustee of the Art Institute of Chicago.
He and second wife, Helen Birch Bartlett, loaned their collection of French Post-Impressionist and Modernist art to the museum.
It was Mrs. Bartlett who had an interest in French and avant-garde artists and influenced her husband's collecting tastes.
"Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte" was purchased on the advice of the Art Institute of Chicago's curatorial staff in 1924.
In conceptual artist Don Celender's 1974–5 book "Observation and Scholarship Examination for Art Historians, Museum Directors, Artists, Dealers and Collectors", it is claimed that the Institute paid $24,000.00 for the work).
In 1958 the painting was loaned out for the only time – to the Museum of Modern Art in New York City.
On April 15, 1958, a fire there, which killed one person on the second floor of the museum, forced the evacuation of the painting which was on a floor above the fire in the Whitney Museum which adjoined MOMA at the time.
Article: Balkan Wars
Section: Young Turk revolution

Question: Which person was force to readopt the Ottoman constitution of 1876?

It is no surprise that the "Young Turk" revolution occurred in the troubled European provinces of the Empire.
There the threat to its integrity was the most pronounced, and the need for reforms was most evident.
When the revolt broke out, it was supported by intellectuals, the army, and almost all the ethnic minorities of the Empire, and forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II to re-adopt the long defunct Ottoman constitution of 1876, ushering in the Second Constitutional Era.
Hopes were raised among the Balkan ethnicities of reforms and autonomy, and elections were held to form a representative, multi-ethnic, Ottoman parliament.
However, following the Sultan's attempted counter-coup, the liberal element of the Young Turks was sidelined and the nationalist element became dominant.
At the same time, in October 1908, Austria-Hungary seized the opportunity of the Ottoman political upheaval to annex the "de jure" Ottoman province of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which it had occupied since 1878 (see "Bosnian Crisis"), and Bulgaria declared itself a fully independent kingdom.
The Greeks of the autonomous Cretan State proclaimed unification with Greece, though the opposition of the Great Powers prevented the latter action from taking practical effect.
Article: Universal Studios Hollywood
Section: Lower lot

Question: Which roller coaster at Universal Studios Hollywood operates inside?

The Lower lot is the smaller of the two lots.
There are three thrill rides at this section of the park.
All three of the rides have certain height and ride restrictions.
It is home to ', "The NBC Universal Experience", "Revenge of the Mummy" (where E.T.
Adventure once stood) and most recently the home to '.
Jurassic Park: The ride is a water adventure ride.
Revenge of the Mummy is a high speed in-door roller coaster.
It is considered by some guests as the "scariest/most intense ride" of the park.
The last and newest ride at the lower lot is Transformers 3D: The Ride.
Transformers 3D: The ride uses high tech technology to simulate 3D technology.
It is somewhat similar to the Simpsons Ride, but with actual vehicle movement and includes more intense movements than the Simpsons Ride.
This is currently the most packed ride at the theme park and the ride with the longest wait time.
All 3 rides on the lower lot have a single rider line.
A single rider can use the single rider as many times he/she may desire to use.
Similar to other Universal theme parks around the world, where duplicates of Jurassic Park: The Ride exist, the area surrounding the ride features a Jurassic Park merchandise shop named Jurassic Outfitters and a dining facility named Jurassic Café.
Similarly a Revenge of the Mummy gift shop, called Tomb Treasures, greets guests as they exit that ride.
Article: How I Met Your Mother
Section: Books

Question: Which year did the album "Bro on the Go" come out?

 "The Bro Code", cited by Barney many times throughout the series, is a set of written rules for bros to follow, and has been published as a tie-in novel, an audiobook, an iPhone Application and an Android Application.
Barney alleges it was written by Barnabus Stinson, a contemporary of George Washington and Benjamin Franklin.
Many of the rules listed in this book also appear in the show's closing vanity cards in syndication, similar to what Chuck Lorre uses to end episodes of several of his shows, "Dharma and Greg", "The Big Bang Theory", "Two and a Half Men", and "Mike and Molly".
 "Bro on the Go", a companion to "The Bro Code", released in 2009.
 "Bro Code for Parents: What to Expect When You're Awesome", released in 2012.
 "The Playbook," based on the fifth season episode of the same name, by Barney Stinson and Matt Kuhn.
 "How I Met Your Mother and Philosophy", released in 2013.
Article: United Kingdom
Section: Healthcare

Question: Where does the U.K. rank in healthcare provision in the year 2000 according to the WHO?

Healthcare in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter and each country has its own system of private and publicly funded health care, together with alternative, holistic and complementary treatments.
Public healthcare is provided to all UK permanent residents and is mostly free at the point of need, being paid for from general taxation.
The World Health Organization, in 2000, ranked the provision of healthcare in the United Kingdom as fifteenth best in Europe and eighteenth in the world.
Regulatory bodies are organised on a UK-wide basis such as the General Medical Council, the Nursing and Midwifery Council and non-governmental-based, such as the Royal Colleges.
However, political and operational responsibility for healthcare lies with four national executives; healthcare in England is the responsibility of the UK Government; healthcare in Northern Ireland is the responsibility of the Northern Ireland Executive; healthcare in Scotland is the responsibility of the Scottish Government; and healthcare in Wales is the responsibility of the Welsh Assembly Government.
Each National Health Service has different policies and priorities, resulting in contrasts.
Since 1979 expenditure on healthcare has been increased significantly to bring it closer to the European Union average.
The UK spends around 8.4 per cent of its gross domestic product on healthcare, which is 0.5 percentage points below the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development average and about one percentage point below the average of the European Union.
Article: Hey Jude
Section: Cover versions

Question: In 1984 Weird Al produced an album what was the name?

"Weird Al" Yankovic included the song in his first polka medley "Polkas on 45" from his 1984 album ""Weird Al" Yankovic in 3-D".
Katy Perry performed a cover of the song as part of the 2012 MusiCares Person of the Year concert honoring McCartney, and in her 2012 film "".
The song was performed by the members of glee club in the 2013 "Glee" episode "Tina in the Sky with Diamonds" and the soundtrack "Glee Sings the Beatles", in which the song is shortened to four minutes and fifty-one seconds.
In the late 1960s, famous singer Sinn Sisamouth recorded a Cambodian version of "Hey Jude".
South African band Dr Victor and the Rasta Rebels included a version on their greatest hits album.
Wilson Pickett covered the song in 1968 with pre-Allman Brothers Band session musician Duane Allman on guitar.
In the 2011 "Top Gear" the song was covered by the "Top Gear band" - consisting of presenters Jeremy Clarkson (drums), Richard Hammond (double bass) and James May (keyboard) as well as executive producer Andy Wilman (vocals) - during a trade fair in Delhi.
For rights reasons, in the DVD version of the episode it is replaced by "Sowing the Seeds of Love" by Tears for Fears.
Article: Grand Canyon
Section: Geography

Question: What part of the Grand Cranyon sees rain in the summer?

The Grand Canyon is a big fissure in the Colorado Plateau that exposes uplifted Proterozoic and Paleozoic strata, and is also one of the 19 distinct physiographic sections of the Colorado Plateau province.
It is not the deepest canyon in the world (Kali Gandaki Gorge in Nepal is far deeper), however, the Grand Canyon is known for its visually overwhelming size and its intricate and colorful landscape.
Geologically it is significant because of the thick sequence of ancient rocks that is beautifully preserved and exposed in the walls of the canyon.
These rock layers record much of the early geologic history of the North American continent.
Uplift associated with mountain formation later moved these sediments thousands of feet upward and created the Colorado Plateau.
The higher elevation has also resulted in greater precipitation in the Colorado River drainage area, but not enough to change the Grand Canyon area from being semi-arid.
The uplift of the Colorado Plateau is uneven, and the Kaibab Plateau that Grand Canyon bisects is over a thousand feet higher at the North Rim (about ) than at the South Rim.
Almost all runoff from the North Rim (which also gets more rain and snow) flows toward the Grand Canyon, while much of the runoff on the plateau behind the South Rim flows away from the canyon (following the general tilt).
The result is deeper and longer tributary washes and canyons on the north side and shorter and steeper side canyons on the south side.
Temperatures on the North Rim are generally lower than those on the South Rim because of the greater elevation (averaging 8,000 ft/2,438 m above sea level).
Heavy rains are common on both rims during the summer months.
Access to the North Rim via the primary route leading to the canyon (State Route 67) is limited during the winter season due to road closures.
Article: Rice
Section: Caribbean and Latin America

Question: What type of rice might Native Americans have extensively cultivated?

Rice is not native to the Americas but was introduced to Latin America and the Caribbean by European colonizers at an early date with Spanish colonizers introducing Asian rice to Mexico in the 1520s at Veracruz and the Portuguese and their African slaves introducing it at about the same time to Colonial Brazil.
Recent scholarship suggests that enslaved Africans played an active role in the establishment of rice in the New World and that African rice was an important crop from an early period.
Varieties of rice and bean dishes that were a staple dish along the peoples of West Africa remained a staple among their descendants subjected to slavery in the Spanish New World colonies, Brazil and elsewhere in the Americas.
The Native Americans of what is now the Eastern United States may have practiced extensive agriculture with forms of wild rice.
Article: The Good Wife
Section: Season 1

Question: What is the age of Zach and Grace?

Season synopses.
Season 1.
As a junior associate at a prestigious Chicago law firm, Alicia Florrick joins her longtime friend, former law school classmate and firm partner Will Gardner, who is interested in rekindling their former relationship.
The firm's top litigator and other partner, Diane Lockhart, likes Alicia's work and her connections so she and Will award her with a full-time associate position following a trial period.
Alicia beat out Cary Agos, a clever young attorney who takes a job in the state's attorney's office, now bitter and vengeful.
Alicia finds an ally and a friend in Kalinda, the firm's tough and mysterious in-house investigator.
Gaining confidence every day, Alicia transforms herself from embarrassed politician's scorned wife to resilient career woman, especially for the sake of providing a stable home for her children, 14-year-old Zach and 13-year-old Grace.
Now that Peter is back home and planning to run for office again with help from Eli Gold, his cunning image consultant, Alicia continues to redefine herself and her role in her family's life.
Article: Hamburger
Section: Charlie Nagreen

Question: What was Nagreen's purpose for introducing his pork sandwiches at the Seymour Fair?

One of the earliest claims comes from Charlie Nagreen, who in 1885 sold a meatball between two slices of bread at the Seymour Fair now called theOutagamie County Fair in some attributions.
The Seymour Community Historical Society of Seymour, Wisconsin, credits Nagreen, now known as "Hamburger Charlie", with the invention of the hamburger.
Nagreen was fifteen when he reportedly made sandwiches out of pork that he was selling at the 1885 Seymour Fair (now the Outagamie County Fair), so that customers could eat while walking.
The Historical Society explains that Nagreen named the hamburger after the Hamburg steak with which local German immigrants were familiar.
Article: Singapore
Section: History

Question: How many lives were lost during the Sook Ching massacre?

Temasek ('sea town'), a second century outpost of the Sumatran Srivijaya empire, is the earliest known settlement on Singapore.
The island was part of the Sri Vijaya Empire when it was invaded by the south Indian Emperor Rajendra Chola I of the Chola Empire in the 11th century.
In 1613, Portuguese raiders burned down the settlement and the island sank into obscurity for the next two centuries.
Nominally, it belonged to the Johor Sultanate during this period.
In 1819, Thomas Stamford Raffles arrived and signed a treaty with Sultan Hussein Shah of Johor on behalf of the British East India Company to develop the southern part of Singapore as a British trading post.
In 1824, the entire island became a British possession under a further treaty with the Sultan and the Temenggong.
In 1826, Singapore became part of the Straits Settlements, under the jurisdiction of British India, becoming the regional capital in 1836.
Before Raffles arrived, there were approximately 1,000 people living on the island, mostly indigenous Malays along with a handful of Chinese.
By 1860, the population exceeded 80,000 and more than half was Chinese.
Many immigrants came to work at rubber plantations and, after the 1870s, the island became a global centre for rubber exports.
During World War II, the Imperial Japanese Army invaded British Malaya, culminating in the Battle of Singapore.
The British were defeated, and surrendered on 15 February 1942.
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill called this "the worst disaster and largest capitulation in British history".
The Sook Ching massacre of ethnic Chinese after the fall of Singapore claimed between 5,000 and 25,000 lives.
The Japanese occupied Singapore until the British repossessed it in September 1945, after the Surrender of Japan.
Singapore's first general election in 1955 was won by David Marshall, the pro-independence leader of the Labour Front.
He led a delegation to London to demand complete self-rule but was turned down by the British.
He subsequently resigned and was replaced by Lim Yew Hock, whose policies convinced Britain to grant Singapore full internal self-government for all matters except defence and foreign affairs.
During the May 1959 elections, the People's Action Party won a landslide victory.
Singapore became an internally self-governing state within the Commonwealth and Lee Kuan Yew became the country's first Prime Minister.
Governor Sir William Allmond Codrington Goode served as the first Yang di-Pertuan Negara ("Head of State"), and was succeeded by Yusof bin Ishak who became the first President of Singapore in 1965.
During the 1950s, Chinese Communists with strong ties to the trade unions and Chinese schools carried out an armed uprising against the government, leading to the Malayan Emergency and later, the Communist Insurgency War.
The 1954 National Service Riots, Chinese middle schools riots and Hock Lee bus riots in Singapore were all linked to these events.
Article: Cycling
Section: Utility

Question: When did the British Royal Mail begin using bicycles?

Utility cycling refers both to cycling as a mode of daily commuting transport as well as the use of a bicycle in a commercial activity, mainly to transport goods, mostly accomplished in an urban environment.
The postal services of many countries have long relied on bicycles.
The British Royal Mail first started using bicycles in 1880; now bicycle delivery fleets include 37,000 in the UK, 25,700 in Germany, 10,500 in Hungary and 7000 in Sweden.
The London Ambulance Service has recently introduced bicycling paramedics, who can often get to the scene of an incident in Central London more quickly than a motorized ambulance.
Late in the 20th century, urban police bicycles became more common, as the mobility of car-borne officers was increasingly limited by traffic congestion and pedestrianisation.
Bicycles enjoy substantial use as general delivery vehicles in many countries.
In the UK and North America, as their first jobs, generations of teenagers have worked at delivering newspapers by bicycle.
London has many delivery companies that use bicycles with trailers.
Most cities in the West, and many outside it, support a sizeable and visible industry of cycle couriers who deliver documents and small packages.
In India, many of Mumbai's Dabbawalas use bicycles to deliver home cooked lunches to the city’s workers.
In Bogotá, Colombia the city’s largest bakery recently replaced most of its delivery trucks with bicycles.
Even the car industry uses bicycles.
At the huge Mercedes-Benz factory in Sindelfingen, Germany workers use bicycles, color-coded by department, to move around the factory.
Article: Wake in Fright
Section: Production

Question: What writer wrote the book that became the movie "Wake in Fright?"

A film version of "Wake in Fright", based on the 1961 novel by Kenneth Cook, was linked with the actor Dirk Bogarde and the director Joseph Losey as early as 1963.
Morris West later secured the film rights and tried, unsuccessfully, to raise funding for the film's production.
The rights were eventually bought by NLT and Group W. and Canadian director Ted Kotcheff was recruited to direct the film.
At the time of production, Kotcheff had directed two films, "Tiara Tahiti" (1962) and "Two Men Sharing" (1969).
After "Wake in Fright", Kotcheff would continue to have a successful career as a director.
His later films included "The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz" (1973), "Fun with Dick and Jane" (1977), "First Blood" (1982) and "Weekend at Bernie's" (1988).
The shooting of "Wake in Fright" began in Australia in January 1970 at Broken Hill, New South Wales (the area which had inspired Cook for the setting of his novel), with interiors shot the next month at Ajax Studios in the Sydney beach-side suburb of Bondi.
It was the last film to feature the veteran character actor Chips Rafferty, who died of a heart attack prior to "Wake in Fright"s release, and the first film with Jack Thompson, the future Australian cinema star, among its cast members.
Coincidentally, Rafferty (real name John William Pilbean Goffage) had been born in Broken Hill, the film's stand-in for "The Yabba", in 1909.
Article: Louisiana Purchase
Section: Treaty signing

Question: Who was the president of the United States during the Louisiana Purchase?

On Saturday, April 30, 1803, the Louisiana Purchase Treaty was signed by Robert Livingston, James Monroe, and Barbé Marbois in Paris.
Jefferson announced the treaty to the American people on July 4.
After the signing of the Louisiana Purchase agreement in 1803, Livingston made this famous statement, "We have lived long, but this is the noblest work of our whole lives... From this day the United States take their place among the powers of the first rank.
"The United States Senate ratified the treaty with a vote of twenty-four to seven on October 20.
The Senators who voted against the treaty were: Simeon Olcott and William Plumer of New Hampshire, William Wells and Samuel White of Delaware, James Hillhouse and Uriah Tracy of Connecticut, and Timothy Pickering of Massachusetts.
On the following day, the Senate authorized President Jefferson to take possession of the territory and establish a temporary military government.
In legislation enacted on October 31, Congress made temporary provisions for local civil government to continue as it had under French and Spanish rule and authorized the President to use military forces to maintain order.
Plans were also set forth for several missions to explore and chart the territory, the most famous being the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
France turned New Orleans over on December 20, 1803 at The Cabildo.
On March 10, 1804, a formal ceremony was conducted in St. Louis to transfer ownership of the territory from France to the United States.
Effective on October 1, 1804, the purchased territory was organized into the Territory of Orleans (most of which became the state of Louisiana) and the District of Louisiana, which was temporarily under the control of the governor and judges of the Indiana Territory.