community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Archery
Section: Release aids

Question: Are operations controlled by finger or foot?

A release aid is a mechanical device designed to give a crisp and precise loose of arrows from a compound bow.
In the most commonly used, the string is released by a finger-operated trigger mechanism, held in the archer's hand or attached to their wrist.
In another type, known as a back-tension release, the string is automatically released when drawn to a pre-determined tension.
Article: Starships (song)
Section: Abstract

Question: When was "Starships" released?

Starships (song)"Starships" is a song by Trinidadian-American singer-songwriter and rapper Nicki Minaj, taken from her second studio album "".
It was released on February 14, 2012 by Young Money, Cash Money, Universal Republic as the lead single from the album.
The song was written by Minaj, Nadir Khayat, Carl Falk, Rami Yacoub and Wayne Hector, and was produced by RedOne, Yacoub, and Falk.
"Starships" received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who complimented its production, though found it generic and criticized Minaj's transition towards pop music.
The song is Minaj's most successful single to date, peaking inside the top five in over fifteen countries.
It remains her most certified single to date, and has become one of the best-selling singles of all time.
The song also made US "Billboard" history, debuting in the US top ten and then spending a total of 21 consecutive weeks in the top ten.
Minaj has performed the song live in a number of appearances, and was the encore performance on the .
The corresponding music video was shot Oahu Island, Hawaii.
Directed by Anthony Mandler, the song features Nicki on a beach in a bikini, and near the end of the video, it shows her and a "party-esque" dancing to the song and performing.
The music video was critically acclaimed from music critics, many praising the kaleidoscope effects in the video and the fun, carefree style.
However, some critics noticed its postponed release, because the video for her single "Beez in the Trap" was released before "Starships" was.
With all the success, the song has also sparked controversy surrounding a pulled live performance.
The song was included in the 2012 videogame "Dance Central 3" and is included in the best-selling videogame "Just Dance 2014".
It is also one of the select few songs available on "Just Dance 2014"'s demo version.
In September 2013 electronic artist Clive Tanaka filed suit against Nicki Minaj and the writers of the song, claiming it infringed on his own composition and recording, "Neu Chicago".
Article: Disneyland
Section: Critter Country

Question: When did Critter Country open?

Critter Country opened in 1972 as "Bear Country", and was renamed in 1988.
Formerly the area was home to Indian Village, where indigenous tribespeople demonstrated their dances and other customs.
Today, the main draw of the area is Splash Mountain, a log-flume journey inspired by the Uncle Remus stories of Joel Chandler Harris and the animated segments of Disney's Academy Award-winning 1946 film, "Song of the South".
In 2003, a dark ride called The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh replaced the Country Bear Jamboree, which closed in 2001.
The attraction is still open in Walt Disney World's Magic Kingdom.
Article: Scuba diving
Section: Diver propulsion

Question: Why are some sleds faired?

Personal mobility is enhanced by fins and optionally diver propulsion vehicles.
Fins have a large blade area and use the more powerful leg muscles, so are much more efficient for propulsion and manoeuvring thrust than arm and hand movements, but require skill to provide fine control.
Streamlining dive gear will reduce drag and improve mobility.
Balanced trim which allows the diver to align in any desired direction also improves streamlining by presenting the smallest section area to the direction of movement and allows propulsion thrust to be used more efficiently.
Occasionally a diver may be towed using a "sled", an unpowered device towed behind a surface vessel which conserves the diver's energy and allows more distance to be covered for a given air consumption and bottom time.
The depth is usually controlled by the diver by using diving planes or by tilting the whole sled.
Some sleds are faired to reduce drag on the diver.
Article: The Terminator
Section: Cast

Question: Which person was the target of cyborg's mission to destroy?

Arnold Schwarzenegger as The Terminator, a cyborg disguised as a human being sent back in time to assassinate Sarah Connor.
Schwarzenegger speaks only 18 lines in the film, and less than 100 words.
James Cameron said that "Somehow, even his accent worked...
It had a strange synthesized quality, like they hadn't gotten the voice thing quite worked out.
"
Linda Hamilton as Sarah Connor, the Terminator's target who is soon to be the mother of the future Resistance leader John Connor.
Michael Biehn as Kyle Reese, a human Resistance fighter sent back in time to protect Sarah.
Paul Winfield as Ed Traxler, a police Lieutenant who questions Sarah.
Lance Henriksen as Hal Vukovich, a police detective who questions Sarah.
Earl Boen as Dr. Silberman, a criminal psychologist.
Additional actors included Bess Motta as Ginger Ventura; Rick Rossovich as Matt Buchanan; Dick Miller as the gun shop clerk; Shawn Schepps as Nancy; Bruce M. Kerner as the desk sergeant; Schwarzenegger's friend and workout partner, professional bodybuilder Franco Columbu as a Terminator in 2029; and Bill Paxton, Brad Rearden, and Brian Thompson as punks who are confronted by the Terminator; Marianne Muellerleile as one of the other women with the name "Sarah Connor" who was shot by the Terminator.
Article: Lady with an Ermine
Section: Conservation

Question: How many laboratory tests verified da Vinci's "Lady with an Ermine"?

The "Lady with an Ermine" has been subjected to two detailed laboratory examinations.
The first was in the Warsaw Laboratories, the findings being published by K. Kwiatkowski in 1955.
The painting underwent examination and restoration again in 1992, at the Washington National Gallery Laboratories under the supervision of David Bull.
The painting is in oil on a thin walnut wood panel, about thick, prepared with a layer of white gesso and a layer of brownish underpaint.
The panel is in good condition apart from a break to the upper left side of the painting.
Its size has never been altered, as indicated by a narrow unpainted strip on all four sides of the painting.
The background was thinly overpainted with unmodulated black, probably between 1830 and 1870, when the damaged corner was restored.
Eugène Delacroix was suggested to have painted the background.
Its previous colour was a bluish grey.
The signature "LEONARD D'AWINCI" (which is Polish phonetical transcription of the name "da Vinci") in the upper left corner is not original.X-ray and microscopic analysis have revealed the charcoal-pounced outline of the pricked preparatory drawing on the prepared undersurface, a technique Leonardo learned in the studio of Verrocchio.
Apart from the black of the background and some abrasion caused by cleaning, the painted surface reveals the painting is almost entirely by the artist's hand.
There has been some slight retouching of her features in red, and the edge of the veil in ochre.
Some scholars believe there also was some later retouching of the hands.
Leonardo's fingerprints have been found in the surface of the paint, indicating he used his fingers to blend his delicate brushstrokes.
Article: Electron
Section: Classification

Question: What are the differences between leptons and quarks?

In the Standard Model of particle physics, electrons belong to the group of subatomic particles called leptons, which are believed to be fundamental or elementary particles.
Electrons have the lowest mass of any charged lepton (or electrically charged particle of any type) and belong to the first-generation of fundamental particles.
The second and third generation contain charged leptons, the muon and the tau, which are identical to the electron in charge, spin and interactions, but are more massive.
Leptons differ from the other basic constituent of matter, the quarks, by their lack of strong interaction.
All members of the lepton group are fermions, because they all have half-odd integer spin; the electron has spin .
Article: Kebab
Section: Adana

Question: How can one try a "less hot" version?

Adana kebabı (or kıyma kebabı) is a long, hand-minced meat kebab mounted on a wide iron skewer and grilled over charcoal.
It is generally "hot" or piquant.
A "less hot" version is generally called urfa kebabı.
Article: Vietnam
Section: Air

Question: How much international passenger traffic goes through the Tan Son Nhat airport?

Vietnam operates 21 major civil airports, including three international gateways: Noi Bai in Hanoi, Da Nang International Airport in Da Nang, and Tan Son Nhat in Ho Chi Minh City.
Tan Son Nhat is the nation's largest airport, handling 75% of international passenger traffic.
According to a state-approved plan, Vietnam will have 10 international airports by 2015 – besides the aforementioned three, these include Lien Khuong International Airport, Phu Bai International Airport, Cam Ranh International Airport, Phu Quoc International Airport, Cat Bi International Airport, Cần Thơ International Airport and Long Thanh International Airport.
The planned Long Thanh International Airport will have an annual service capacity of 100 million passengers once it becomes fully operational in 2020.
Vietnam Airlines, the state-owned national airline, maintains a fleet of 69 passenger aircraft, and aims to operate 150 by 2020.
Several private airlines are also in operation in Vietnam, including Air Mekong, Jetstar Pacific Airlines, VASCO and VietJet Air.
Article: Anatomy
Section: Bird anatomy

Question: Where do birds have scales?

Birds are tetrapods but though their hind limbs are used for walking or hopping, their front limbs are wings covered with feathers and adapted for flight.
Birds are endothermic, have a high metabolic rate, a light skeletal system and powerful muscles.
The long bones are thin, hollow and very light.
Air sac extensions from the lungs occupy the centre of some bones.
The sternum is wide and usually has a keel and the caudal vertebrae are fused.
There are no teeth and the narrow jaws are adapted into a horn-covered beak.
The eyes are relatively large, particularly in nocturnal species such as owls.
They face forwards in predators and sideways in ducks.
The feathers are outgrowths of the epidermis and are found in localized bands from where they fan out over the skin.
Large flight feathers are found on the wings and tail, contour feathers cover the bird's surface and fine down occurs on young birds and under the contour feathers of water birds.
The only cutaneous gland is the single uropygial gland near the base of the tail.
This produces an oily secretion that waterproofs the feathers when the bird preens.
There are scales on the legs and feet and claws on the tips of the toes.
Article: Tokyo Disneyland
Section: History

Question: How much was the final cost of Disneyland Tokyo?

In April 1979, the first basic contract for the construction of Disneyland in Tokyo was signed.
Japanese engineers and architects flocked to California to tour Disneyland and prepare to construct the new operating dreamland in Tokyo.
Just one year later, construction of the park began and was covered by hundreds of media reporters as an indication of the high expectations for the park in the future.
Though successful in the building process, the final cost of Disneyland Tokyo almost doubled the estimated budget costing 180 billion yen rather than the projected 100 billion yen.
Despite this discrepancy, Disneyland Tokyo has been a constant source of pride since opening day over 30 years ago.
Article: Singapore
Section: Media

Question: Can you own private satellite dishes in Singapore?

Companies linked to the government control much of the domestic media in Singapore.
MediaCorp operates most free-to-air television channels and free-to-air radio stations in Singapore.
There are a total of seven free-to-air TV channels offered by Mediacorp.
The channels are Channel 5 (English channel), Channel News Asia (English channel), Okto (English channel), Channel 8 (Chinese channel), Channel U (Chinese channel), Suria (Malay channel) and Vasantham (Indian channel).
Starhub Cable Vision (SCV) also offers cable television with channels from all around the world and Singtel's MioTV provides an IPTV service.
Singapore Press Holdings, a body with close links to the government, controls most of the newspaper industry in Singapore.
Singapore's media industry has sometimes been criticised for being too regulated and lacking in freedom by human rights groups such as Freedom House.
In 2010, Reporters Without Borders, a France-based international non-governmental organisation, ranked Singapore 136 out of 178 in its Press Freedom Index, just below Mexico.
The Media Development Authority regulates Singaporean media, claiming to balance the demand for choice and protection against offensive and harmful material.
Private ownership of TV satellite dishes is banned.
Television is censored, and shows like Sex and the City and Queer as Folk (UK TV series) are banned.
There are 3.4 million users of the internet in Singapore, one of the highest internet penetration rates in the world.
The Singapore government does not engage in widespread censoring of the internet, but it maintains a list of one hundred websites (mostly pornographic) that it blocks as a 'symbolic statement of the Singaporean community's stand on harmful and undesirable content on the Internet'.
As the block covers only home internet access, users may still visit the blocked websites from their office computers.
Article: Great Sphinx of Giza
Section: Mythology

Question: Which Pharaoh built a temple to the north east of the Sphinx 1000 years after it was built?

Colin Reader has proposed that the Sphinx was probably the focus of solar worship in the Early Dynastic Period, before the Giza Plateau became a necropolis in the Old Kingdom (c. 2686–2134 BC).
He ties this in with his conclusions that the Sphinx, the Sphinx temple, the Causeway and the Khafra mortuary temple are all part of a complex which predates Dynasty IV (c. 2613–2494 BC).
The lion has long been a symbol associated with the sun in ancient Near Eastern civilizations.
Images depicting the Egyptian king in the form of a lion smiting his enemies date as far back as the Early Dynastic Period.
In the New Kingdom, the Sphinx became more specifically associated with the god "Hor-em-akhet" (Hellenized: "Harmachis") or Horus at the Horizon, which represented the pharaoh in his role as the "Shesep-ankh" (English: "Living Image") of the god Atum.
Pharaoh Amenhotep II (1427–1401 or 1397 BC) built a temple to the north east of the Sphinx nearly 1000 years after its construction, and dedicated it to the cult of "Hor-em-akhet".
Article: Inside Llewyn Davis
Section: Abstract

Question: What was the name of the executive music producer?

Inside Llewyn Davis is a 2013 American comedy-drama film written, directed and edited by Joel and Ethan Coen.
The film stars Oscar Isaac, Carey Mulligan, and John Goodman, and was produced by Scott Rudin, Ethan and Joel Coen.
T Bone Burnett was the executive music producer.
The film is about one week in the life of a singer who is active in New York's folk music scene in 1961.
Although Llewyn Davis is a fictional character, the story was partly inspired by the autobiography of folk singer Dave Van Ronk.
Most of the folk songs performed in the film are sung in full and recorded live.
The film won the Grand Prix at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival, where it screened on May 19, 2013.
It received a limited release in the United States on December 6, 2013, and was given a wide release on January 10, 2014.
It received critical acclaim and was nominated for two Academy Awards, Best Cinematography and Best Sound Mixing, the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Comedy or Musical, and two other nominations.
Article: Association football
Section: International competitions

Question: Who oganizes the international competition if football, the world cup?

The major international competition in football is the World Cup, organised by FIFA.
This competition takes place over every four years.
Approximately 190–200 national teams compete in qualifying tournaments within the scope of continental confederations for a place in the finals.
The finals tournament, which is held every four years, involves 32 national teams competing over a four-week period.
The most recent tournament, the 2010 FIFA World Cup, was held in South Africa from 11 June to 11 July, the first to be held on the African continent.
There has been a football tournament at every Summer Olympic Games since 1900, except at the 1932 games in Los Angeles.
Before the inception of the World Cup, the Olympics (especially during the 1920s) had the same status as the World Cup.
Originally, the event was for amateurs only; however, since the 1984 Summer Olympics, professional players have been permitted, albeit with certain restrictions which prevent countries from fielding their strongest sides.
The Olympic men's tournament is played at Under-23 level.
In the past the Olympics have allowed a restricted number of over-age players per team;.
A women's tournament was added in 1996; in contrast to the men's event, full international sides without age restrictions play the women's Olympic tournament.
After the World Cup, the most important international football competitions are the continental championships, which are organised by each continental confederation and contested between national teams.
These are the European Championship (UEFA), the Copa América (CONMEBOL), African Cup of Nations (CAF), the Asian Cup (AFC), the CONCACAF Gold Cup (CONCACAF) and the OFC Nations Cup (OFC).
The FIFA Confederations Cup is contested by the winners of all six continental championships, the current FIFA World Cup champions and the country which is hosting the Confederations Cup.
This is generally regarded as a warm-up tournament for the upcoming FIFA World Cup and does not carry the same prestige as the World Cup itself.
The most prestigious competitions in club football are the respective continental championships, which are generally contested between national champions, for example the UEFA Champions League in Europe and the Copa Libertadores de América in South America.
The winners of each continental competition contest the FIFA Club World Cup.
Article: I Want to Hold Your Hand
Section: In the studio

Question: Who was the producer behind The Beatles' "I Want to Hold Your Hand"?

The Beatles started recording "I Want to Hold Your Hand" at EMI Studios in Studio 2 on 17 October 1963.
This song, along with the single's flip side, "This Boy", was the first Beatles song to be recorded with four-track technology.
The two songs were recorded on the same day, and each needed seventeen takes to complete.
Also, the Beatles were experimenting with organ-sounding guitars, which was achieved by extreme compression on John Lennon's rhythm guitar.
Mono and stereo mixing was done by George Martin on 21 October 1963; further stereo mixes were done on 8 June 1965, for compilations released by EMI affiliates in Australia and the Netherlands, and on 7 November 1966.
"I Want to Hold Your Hand" was one of two Beatles songs (along with "She Loves You" as ""Sie liebt dich"") to be later recorded in German, entitled "Komm, gib mir deine Hand".
Both songs were translated by Luxembourger musician Camillo Felgen, under the pseudonym of "Jean Nicolas".
Odeon, the German arm of EMI (the parent company of the Beatles' record label, Parlophone) was convinced that the Beatles' records would not sell in Germany unless they were sung in German.
The Beatles detested the idea, and when they were due to record the German version on 27 January 1964 at EMI's Pathe Marconi Studios in Paris (where the Beatles were performing 18 days of concerts at the Olympia Theatre) they chose to boycott the session.
Their record producer, George Martin, having waited some hours for them to show up, was outraged and insisted that they give it a try.
Two days later, the Beatles recorded "Komm, gib mir deine Hand", one of the few times in their career that they recorded outside of London.
However, Martin later conceded: "They were right, actually, it wasn’t necessary for them to record in German, but they weren’t graceless, they did a good job".
"Komm, gib mir deine Hand" appeared in full stereo in the United States on the Capitol LP "Something New" and years later on the Capitol CD compilation called "The Capitol Albums, Volume 1".
The German-language track was a big hit in Germany at the time, but today, like all the other German-lyrics versions of English-language pop songs that were popular in that country during the 1950s and 1960s, it is generally considered as a cultural curiosity from a by-gone era at best.
The English versions are much better known in Germany today; the Beatles' Red and Blue albums of the 1970s already featured the English hits on the German pressings.
Article: Coffee
Section: Roasting

Question: How does the roasting process change the coffee seed?

The next step in the process is the roasting of the green coffee.
Coffee is usually sold in a roasted state, and with rare exceptions all coffee is roasted before it is consumed.
It can be sold roasted by the supplier, or it can be home roasted.
The roasting process influences the taste of the beverage by changing the coffee seed both physically and chemically.
The seed decreases in weight as moisture is lost and increases in volume, causing it to become less dense.
The density of the seed also influences the strength of the coffee and requirements for packaging.
The actual roasting begins when the temperature inside the seed reaches approximately , though different varieties of seeds differ in moisture and density and therefore roast at different rates.
During roasting, caramelization occurs as intense heat breaks down starches, changing them to simple sugars that begin to brown, which alters the color of the seed.
Sucrose is rapidly lost during the roasting process and may disappear entirely in darker roasts.
During roasting, aromatic oils and acids weaken, changing the flavor; at , other oils start to develop.
One of these oils, caffeol, is created at about , which is largely responsible for coffee's aroma and flavor.
Article: Henry Moore
Section: Art market

Question: How much did the "Reclining Figure: Festival" sell for?

By the end of his career, Moore was the world's most successful living artist at auction.
In 1982, four years before his death, Sotheby's in New York sold a 6 ft "Reclining Figure" (1945), for $1.2 million to collector Wendell Cherry.
Although a first record of $4.1 million was set in 1990, Moore's market slumped during the recession that followed.
His eight-foot bronze, "Reclining Figure: Festival" (1951) sold for a record £19.1 million at Christie's, making him the second most expensive 20th-century British artist after Francis Bacon.