community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Table tennis
Section: Ball

Question: Does a 40mm table tennis ball spin more or less than the original 38mm one?

The international rules specify that the game is played with a light 2.7 gram, 40 mm diameter ball.
The rules say that the ball shall bounce up 24–26 cm when dropped from a height of 30.5 cm onto a standard steel block thereby having a coefficient of restitution of 0.89 to 0.92.
The 40 mm ball was introduced after the 2000 Olympic Games.
However, this created some controversy as the Chinese National Team argued that this was merely to give non-Chinese players a better chance of winning since the new type of balls has a slower speed, while at that time most Chinese players were playing with fast attack and smashes.
A 40 mm table tennis ball is slower and spins less than the original 38 mm (1.5 inch) one.
The ball is made of a high-bouncing air-filled celluloid or similar plastics material, colored white or orange, with a matte finish.
The choice of ball color is made according to the table color and its surroundings.
For example, a white ball is easier to see on a green or blue table than it is on a gray table.
Some Table Tennis balls have ball rated in stars so that more professional players can know which ball to use.
Manufacturers often indicate the quality of the ball with a star-rating system, usually from one to three, three being the highest grade.
As this system is not standard across manufacturers, the only way a ball may be used in official competition is upon ITTF approval.
The ITTF approval can be seen printed on the ball.
Article: Blow Me (One Last Kiss)
Section: Music video

Question: What does Pink wear in the video?

The music video for "Blow Me (One Last Kiss)" premiered on July 26, 2012 at 7:50pm EDT on MTV and VEVO and was directed by Pink's longtime collaborator Dave Meyers, who directed the videos for almost all of her lead singles and many of her hits.
The official colored version of the video was leaked online on August 31, and was officially posted on VEVO on September 5, 2012.
The video is entirely in black and white, with splashes of color, features opening titles in French.
The video begins with Pink having a picnic with her love interest (Sebastian de la Forza).
The two lean in for a kiss, which is interrupted by him taking a phone call.
Pink splashes him with red wine, and walks away through the trees.
She meets another man on his motorbike (Alexander Ercheverria) and goes home with him.
He draws a portrait of her.
Pink watches through the window as many female guests arrive for a party the man has organised.
During the party, she dances with one of the women until she is interrupted by the man who brought her home.
Pink wears a black suit with her hair pushed back and dances with the woman (Mosh).
The man gets down on one knee and proposes.
Pink accepts by giving him her hand but is disappointed to find out the proposal was meant for her dance partner.
During their wedding ceremony, Pink is dressed completely in black, as if she is attending a funeral.
A flying bike appears above the guests (Andreas-Holm Hansen), which is carrying a heart-shaped balloon.
The balloon pops, and red liquid covers the guests as Pink sings and dances cheerfully.
She joins the driver of the flying bike, and they fly away together at the end of this video clip across the countryside, into the sunset, under a bridge, over trees and up close to a big hill on the high flying bicycle with eagle wings.
A colored version was also released.
MTV's James Montgomery assured Pink's fans that she hasn't changed, while crediting the video for its angry and funny nature, saying "While your heroine might be saying she's a changed woman, the 'Blow Me' video proves that she's not.
It's just as angry as her previous clips, and nearly as funny too."
Article: Chile
Section: Tourism

Question: In what year was the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts built?

Tourism in Chile has experienced sustained growth over the last few decades.
In 2005, tourism grew by 13.6 percent, generating more than 4.5 billion dollars of which 1.5 billion is attributed to foreign tourists.
According to the National Service of Tourism (Sernatur), 2 million people a year visit the country.
Most of these visitors come from other countries in the American continent, mainly Argentina; followed by a growing number from the United States, Europe, and Brazil with a growing number of Asians from South Korea and PR China.
The main attractions for tourists are places of natural beauty situated in the extreme zones of the country: San Pedro de Atacama, in the north, is very popular with foreign tourists who arrive to admire the Incaic architecture, the altiplano lakes, and the Valley of the Moon.
In Putre, also in the north, there is the Chungará Lake, as well as the Parinacota and the Pomerape volcanoes, with altitudes of 6,348 m and 6,282 m, respectively.
Throughout the central Andes there are many ski resorts of international repute, including Portillo, Valle Nevado and Termas de Chillán.
The main tourist sites in the south are national parks (the most popular is Conguillío National Park in the Araucanía) and the coastal area around Tirúa and Cañete with the Isla Mocha and the Nahuelbuta National Park, Chiloé Archipelago and Patagonia, which includes Laguna San Rafael National Park, with its many glaciers, and the Torres del Paine National Park.
The central port city of Valparaíso, which is World Heritage with its unique architecture, is also popular.
Finally, Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean is one of the main Chilean tourist destinations.
For locals, tourism is concentrated mostly in the summer (December to March), and mainly in the coastal beach towns.
Arica, Iquique, Antofagasta, La Serena and Coquimbo are the main summer centres in the north, and Pucón on the shores of Lake Villarrica is the main centre in the south.
Because of its proximity to Santiago, the coast of the Valparaíso Region, with its many beach resorts, receives the largest number of tourists.
Viña del Mar, Valparaíso's northern affluent neighbor, is popular because of its beaches, casino, and its annual song festival, the most important musical event in Latin America.
Pichilemu in the O'Higgins Region is widely known as South America's "best surfing spot" according to Fodor's.
In November 2005 the government launched a campaign under the brand "Chile: All Ways Surprising" intended to promote the country internationally for both business and tourism.
Museums in Chile such as the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts built in 1880, feature works by Chilean artists.
Article: Battle of Hastings
Section: English army and Harold's preparations

Question: How many times was the who national "fyrd" called out between 1046 and 1065?

The English army was organised along regional lines, with the "fyrd", or local levy, serving under a local magnate – whether an earl, bishop, or sheriff.
The "fyrd" was composed of men who owned their own land, and were equipped by their community to fulfil the king's demands for military forces.
For every five hides, or units of land nominally capable of supporting one household, one man was supposed to serve.
It appears that the hundred was the main organising unit for the "fyrd".
As a whole, England could furnish about 14,000 men for the "fyrd", when it was called out.
The "fyrd" usually served for two months, except in emergencies.
It was rare for the whole national "fyrd" to be called out; between 1046 and 1065 it was only done three times, in 1051, 1052, and 1065.
The king also had a group of personal armsmen, known as housecarls, who formed the backbone of the royal forces.
Some earls also had their own forces of housecarls.
Thegns, the local landowning elites, fought either with the royal housecarls or attached themselves to the forces of an earl or other magnate.
The "fyrd" and the housecarls both fought on foot, with the major difference between them being the housecarl's superior armour.
The English army does not appear to have had a significant number of archers.
Harold had spent mid-1066 on the south coast with a large army and fleet waiting for William to invade.
The bulk of his forces were militia who needed to harvest their crops, so on 8 September Harold dismissed the militia and the fleet.
Learning of the Norwegian invasion he rushed north, gathering forces as he went, and took the Norwegians by surprise, defeating them at the Battle of Stamford Bridge on 25 September.
Harald of Norway and Tostig were killed, and the Norwegians suffered such great losses that only 24 of the original 300 ships were required to carry away the survivors.
The English victory came at great cost, as Harold's army was left in a battered and weakened state.
Article: The Mindy Project
Section: Production and development

Question: Who did Chris Messina play on The Mindy Project?

The series was initially commissioned by NBC, but the pilot with the working title "It's Messy" was released from NBC's projects on January 27, 2012.
Universal then sent the script to Fox executives who read it over that following weekend.
On January 30, 2012, Fox greenlit the pilot, with Mindy Kaling attached to star.
Casting announcements for the remaining series regular roles began in February 2012, with Ed Weeks cast in the role of Dr. Jeremy Reed, a sexy, British doctor in the practice.
Zoe Jarman and Dana DeLorenzo then joined in series regular roles.
Jarman signed on to play Betsy Putch, an upbeat receptionist at the practice; whilst DeLorenzo joined as Shauna Dicanio, a young, party loving receptionist in the practice.
In mid-March, Chris Messina joined the cast as Dr. Danny Castellano, an arrogant doctor who works at the practice.
Shortly after, Anna Camp boarded the series as Gwen Grandy, a stay-at-home mom and Mindy's best friend.
On May 9, 2012, Fox placed a series order for the comedy.
Two days later, the title was changed from "It's Messy" to "The Mindy Project."
Two months later, Amanda Setton, Stephen Tobolowsky and Ike Barinholtz joined the series.
Setton replaced Dana DeLorenzo in the role of Shauna; Tobolowsky joined in the series regular role of Dr. Marc Shulman, the senior partner of the practice; and Barinholtz signed onto the recurring role of Morgan Tookers, a quirky rehabilitated ex-con who joins the practice as a nurse.
On August 27, 2012, the pilot episode was made available to view online on various sites including Fox, in an attempt to garner interest in the series.
On October 8, 2012, Fox ordered a full season of "The Mindy Project".
In the middle of the first season, the network made changes to the show's cast.
On November 20, 2012, it was reported that Amanda Setton's role had been eliminated and that Anna Camp had been downgraded to a recurring cast member.
Stephen Tobolowsky's role was also eliminated, with his character retiring in the eighth episode.
Beth Grant, who guest starred as Nurse Beverly in episode two, returned as a series regular in episode fifteen.
Ike Barinholtz was also upgraded to series regular.
Xosha Roquemore, who guest starred in the final few episodes of season one as Tamra, was upped to series regular beginning with season two.
Adam Pally, who originally signed on for a recurring role, was upgraded to series regular during season two.
On March 4, 2013, the series was renewed for a second season, which began on September 17, 2013.
On November 21, 2013, Fox announced that "The Mindy Project" would take a mid-season hiatus, before returning on April 1, 2014.
Fox announced the third season renewal of "The Mindy Project" on March 7, 2014.
Article: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)
Section: Abstract

Question: Who is the host of Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)?

Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)Dancing with the Stars is an American dance competition show airing since 2005 on ABC in the United States, and CTV/CTV Two in Canada.
The show is the American version of the British television series "Strictly Come Dancing".
Tom Bergeron is the Emmy-winning host, alongside Erin Andrews, who is the new co-host for season eighteen.
Lisa Canning was co-host in season one, Samantha Harris co-hosted seasons two through nine and Brooke Burke-Charvet in seasons ten through seventeen.
The contestant pairs consist of a celebrity paired with a professional dancer.
Past celebrity contestants include professional and Olympic athletes, supermodels, actors, singers, astronauts, and teen-heartthrobs.
Each couple performs predetermined dances and competes against the others for judges' points and audience votes.
The couple receiving the lowest combined total of judges' points and audience votes is eliminated each week until only the champion dance pair remains.
In 2012, GSN picked up rerun rights to seasons four to thirteen, but due to low ratings the network stopped airing the show after airing for three months from January 2012 to April 2012 in two different seasons aired mostly on weekends.
Article: Golf
Section: Rules and regulations

Question: If a golfer has ever played golf for money or received payment for giving instruction s/he may no longer be considered what type of golfer?

The rules of golf are internationally standardised and are jointly governed by The R&A, spun off in 2004 from The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews (founded 1754), and the United States Golf Association (USGA).
The underlying principle of the rules is fairness.
As stated on the back cover of the official rule book:
"Play the ball as it lies, play the course as you find it, and if you cannot do either, do what is fair.
"
There are strict regulations regarding the amateur status of golfers.
Essentially, anybody who has ever received payment or compensation for giving instruction, or played golf for money, is not considered an amateur and may not participate in competitions limited solely to amateurs.
However, amateur golfers may receive expenses that comply with strict guidelines and they may accept non-cash prizes within the limits established by the Rules of Amateur Status.
In addition to the officially printed rules, golfers also abide by a set of guidelines called golf etiquette.
Etiquette guidelines cover matters such as safety, fairness, pace of play, and a player's obligation to contribute to the care of the course.
Though there are no penalties for breach of etiquette rules, players generally follow the rules of golf etiquette in an effort to improve everyone's playing experience.
Article: England
Section: Visual arts

Question: Who painted "Benefits Supervisor Sleeping"?

The earliest known examples are the prehistoric rock and cave art pieces, most prominent in North Yorkshire, Northumberland and Cumbria, but also feature further south, for example at Creswell Crags.
With the arrival of Roman culture in the 1st century, various forms of art utilising statues, busts, glasswork and mosaics were the norm.
There are numerous surviving artefacts, such as those at Lullingstone and Aldborough.
During the Early Middle Ages the style favoured sculpted crosses and ivories, manuscript painting, gold and enamel jewellery, demonstrating a love of intricate, interwoven designs such as in the Staffordshire Hoard discovered in 2009.
Some of these blended Gaelic and Anglian styles, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and Vespasian Psalter.
Later Gothic art was popular at Winchester and Canterbury, examples survive such as Benedictional of St. Æthelwold and Luttrell Psalter.
The Tudor era saw prominent artists as part of their court, portrait painting which would remain an enduring part of English art, was boosted by German Hans Holbein, natives such as Nicholas Hilliard built on this.
Under the Stuarts, Continental artists were influential especially the Flemish, examples from the period include—Anthony van Dyck, Peter Lely, Godfrey Kneller and William Dobson.
The 18th century was a time of significance with the founding of the Royal Academy, a classicism based on the High Renaissance prevailed—Thomas Gainsborough and Joshua Reynolds became two of England's most treasured artists.
The Norwich School continued the landscape tradition, while the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood with their vivid and detailed style revived the Early Renaissance style—Holman Hunt, Dante Gabriel Rossetti and John Everett Millais were leaders.
Prominent amongst 20th-century artists was Henry Moore, regarded as the voice of British sculpture, and of British modernism in general.
Contemporary painters include Lucian Freud, whose work "Benefits Supervisor Sleeping" in 2008 set a world record for sale value of a painting by a living artist.
Article: Ketchup
Section: Later innovations

Question: How do fast food restaurants store their ketchup?

In fast food outlets, ketchup is often dispensed in small packets.
Diners tear the side or top and squeeze the ketchup out of the ketchup packets.
In 2011, Heinz began offering a new measured-portion package, called the "Dip and Squeeze" packet, which allowed the consumer to either tear the top off the package and squeeze the contents out, as with the traditional packet, or, in the alternative, tear the "front" off the package and use the package as a dip cup of the type often supplied with certain entreés.
Previously fast food outlets dispensed ketchup from pumps into paper cups.
This method has made a resurgence in the first decade of the 21st century with cost and environmental concerns increasing of individual packets.
In October 2000, Heinz introduced colored ketchup products called EZ Squirt, which eventually included green, purple, pink, orange, teal, and blue.
These products were made by adding food coloring to the traditional ketchup.
these products have been discontinued.
Article: Olympic weightlifting
Section: Abstract

Question: Are bodyweight categories similar or different for the genders?

Olympic weightlifting, also called Olympic-style weightlifting, or weightlifting, is an athletic discipline in the modern Olympic programme in which the athlete attempts a maximum-weight single lift of a barbell loaded with weight plates.
The two competition lifts in order are the snatch and the clean and jerk.
Each weightlifter receives three attempts in each, and the combined total of the highest two successful lifts determines the overall result within a bodyweight category.
Bodyweight categories are different for women and men.
A lifter who fails to complete at least one successful snatch and one successful clean and jerk also fails to "total", and therefore receives an "incomplete" entry for the competition.
The clean and press was once a competition lift, but was discontinued due to difficulties in judging proper form.
In comparison with other strength sports, which test limit strength (with or without lifting aids), Olympic weightlifting tests aspects of human ballistic limits (explosive strength) and are therefore executed faster—and with more mobility and a greater range of motion during their execution - than other lifts.
Properly executed, the snatch and the clean and jerk are both dynamic and explosive while appearing graceful, especially when viewed from a recording at a slowed speed.
While there are relatively few competitive Olympic weightlifters (or more simply "lifters"), the lifts and their components are commonly used by elite athletes in other sports to train for both explosive and functional strength.
Article: Sistine Chapel ceiling
Section: Story of Noah

Question: What is the name of Noah's youngest son?

As with the first sequence of pictures, the three panels concerning Noah, taken from the sixth to ninth chapters of Genesis are thematic rather than chronological.
In the first scene is shown the sacrifice of a sheep.
Vasari, in writing about this scene mistakes it for the sacrifices by Cain and Abel, in which Abel's sacrifice was acceptable to God and Cain's was not.
What this image almost certainly depicts is the sacrifice made by the family of Noah, after their safe deliverance from the Great Flood which destroyed the rest of Humankind.
The central, larger, scene shows the Great Flood.
The Ark in which Noah's family escaped floats at the rear of the picture while the rest of humanity tries frantically to scramble to some point of safety.
This picture, which has a large number of figures, conforms the most closely to the format of the paintings that had been done around the walls.
The final scene is the story of Noah's drunkenness.
After the Flood, Noah tills the soil and grows vines.
He is shown doing so, in the background of the picture.
He becomes drunk and inadvertently exposes himself.
His youngest son, Ham, brings his two brothers Shem and Japheth to see the sight but they discreetly cover their father with a cloak.
Ham is later cursed by Noah and told that the descendants of Ham's son Canaan will serve Shem and Japheth's descendants forever.
Taken together, these three pictures serve to show that Humankind had moved a long way from God's perfect creation.
However, it is through Shem and his descendants, the Israelites, that Salvation will come to the world.
Since Michelangelo executed the nine Biblical scenes in reverse chronological order, some analyses of the frescoes of the vault commence with the "Drunkenness of Noah".
Tolnay's Neoplatonic interpretation sees the story of Noah at the beginning and the act of Creation by God as the conclusion of the process of "deificatio" and the return from physical to spiritual being.
Article: Turkey
Section: Religion

Question: How many people are of diffferent Christian denominations?

Turkey is a secular state with no official state religion; the Turkish Constitution provides for freedom of religion and conscience.
The role of religion has been a controversial debate over the years since the formation of Islamist parties.
For many decades, the wearing of the hijab was banned in schools and government buildings, because it was viewed as a symbol of political Islam.
However, the ban was lifted for the universities in 2011 and for the government buildings in 2013.
Islam is the dominant religion of Turkey; it exceeds 99% if secular people of Muslim background are included, with the most popular sect being the Hanafite school of Sunni Islam.
The highest Islamic religious authority is the Presidency of Religious Affairs (), it interprets the Hanafi school of law, and is responsible for regulating the operation of the country's 80,000 registered mosques and employing local and provincial imams.
Academics suggest the Alevi population may be from 15 to 20 million.
According to Aksiyon magazine, the number of Shiite Twelvers (excluding Alevis) is 3 million (4.2%).
There are also some Sufi practitioners.
Roughly 2% are non-denominational Muslims.
The percentage of non-Muslims in Turkey had fallen from 19.1% in 1914 to 2.5% in 1927.
Currently, there are about 120,000 people of different Christian denominations, representing less than 0.2% of Turkey's population, including an estimated 80,000 Oriental Orthodox, 35,000 Roman Catholics, 5,000 Greek Orthodox and smaller numbers of Protestants.
Today there are 236 churches open for worship in Turkey.
The Eastern Orthodox Church has been headquartered in Istanbul since the 4th century.
There are about 26,000 people who are Jewish, the vast majority of whom are Sephardi.
The Bahá'í Faith in Turkey has roots in Bahá'u'lláh's, the founder of the Bahá'í Faith, being exiled to Constantinople, current-day Istanbul, by the Ottoman authorities.
Bahá'ís cannot register with the government officially, but there are probably 10 to 20 thousand Bahá'ís, and around a hundred Bahá'í Local Spiritual Assemblies in Turkey.