community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Forbidden City
Section: Religion

Question: What number of shrines are in the Forbidden City?

Religion was an important part of life for the imperial court.
In the Qing dynasty, the Palace of Earthly Harmony became a place of Manchu Shamanist ceremony.
At the same time, the native Chinese Taoist religion continued to have an important role throughout the Ming and Qing dynasties.
There were two Taoist shrines, one in the imperial garden and another in the central area of the Inner Court.
Another prevalent form of religion in the Qing dynasty palace was Buddhism.
A number of temples and shrines were scattered throughout the Inner Court, including that of Tibetan Buddhism or Lamaism.
Buddhist iconography also proliferated in the interior decorations of many buildings.
Of these, the Pavilion of the Rain of Flowers is one of the most important.
It housed a large number of Buddhist statues, icons, and mandalas, placed in ritualistic arrangements.
Article: Israel
Section: Religion

Question: What exactly makes Jerusalem such a special place of importance for Mulims, Christians, and Jews alike?

Israel and the Palestinian territories comprise the major part of the Holy Land, a region of significant importances to all Abrahamic religions – Jews, Christians, Muslims and Baha'is.
The religious affiliation of Israeli Jews varies widely: a social survey for those over the age of 20 indicates that 55% say they are "traditional", while 20% consider themselves "secular Jews", 17% define themselves as "Religious Zionists"; 8% define themselves as "Haredi Jews".
While the ultra-Orthodox, or Haredim, represented only 5% of Israel's population in 1990, they are expected to represent more than one-fifth of Israel's Jewish population by 2028.
Making up 16% of the population, Muslims constitute Israel's largest religious minority.
About 2% of the population are Christian and 1.5% are Druze.
The Christian population primarily comprises Palestinian Christians, but also includes post-Soviet immigrants and the Foreign Laborers of multinational origins and followers of Messianic Judaism, considered by most Christians and Jews to be a form of Christianity.
Members of many other religious groups, including Buddhists and Hindus, maintain a presence in Israel, albeit in small numbers.
Out of more than one million immigrants from the former Soviet Union in Israel, about 300,000 are considered not Jewish by the Orthodox rabbinate.
The city of Jerusalem is of special importance to Jews, Muslims and Christians as it is the home of sites that are pivotal to their religious beliefs, such as the Israeli-controlled Old City that incorporates the Western Wall and the Temple Mount, the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
Other locations of religious importance in Israel are Nazareth (holy in Christianity as the site of the Annunciation of Mary), Tiberias and Safed (two of the Four Holy Cities in Judaism), the White Mosque in Ramla (holy in Islam as the shrine of the prophet Saleh), and the Church of Saint George in Lod (holy in Christianity and Islam as the tomb of Saint George or Al Khidr).
A number of other religious landmarks are located in the West Bank, among them Joseph's tomb in Shechem, the birthplace of Jesus and Rachel's Tomb in Bethlehem, and the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron.
The administrative center of the Bahá'í Faith and the Shrine of the Báb are located at the Bahá'í World Centre in Haifa and the leader of the faith is buried in Acre.
Apart from maintenance staff, there is no Bahá'í community in Israel, although it is a destination for pilgrimages.
Bahá'í staff in Israel do not teach their faith to Israelis following strict policy.
Article: Boxing
Section: Counter puncher

Question: What is an advantage of counter hitting?

Counter punchers are slippery, defensive style fighters who often rely on their opponent's mistakes in order to gain the advantage, whether it be on the score cards or more preferably a knockout.
They use their well-rounded defense to avoid or block shots and then immediately catch the opponent off guard with a well placed and timed punch.
A fight with a skilled counter-puncher can turn into a war of attrition, where each shot landed is a battle in itself.
Thus, fighting against counter punchers requires constant feinting and the ability to avoid telegraphing ones attacks.
To be truly successful using this style they must have good reflexes, a high level of prediction and awareness, pinpoint accuracy and speed, both in striking and in footwork.
Notable counter punchers include Vitali Klitschko, Floyd Mayweather, Jr., Evander Holyfield, Max Schmeling, Chris Byrd, Jim Corbett, Jack Johnson, Bernard Hopkins, Laszlo Papp, Jerry Quarry, Anselmo Moreno, James Toney, Marvin Hagler, Juan Manuel Márquez, Humberto Soto, Roger Mayweather, Pernell Whitaker and Sergio Gabriel Martinez.
Counter punchers usually wear their opponents down by causing them to miss their punches.
The more the opponent misses, the faster they'll tire, and the psychological effects of being unable to land a hit will start to sink in.
The counter puncher often tries to outplay their opponent entirely, not just in a physical sense, but also in a mental and emotional sense.
This style can be incredibly difficult, especially against seasoned fighters, but winning a fight without getting hit is often worth the pay-off.
They usually try to stay away from the center of the ring, in order to outmaneuver and chip away at their opponents.
A large advantage in counter-hitting is the forward momentum of the attacker, which drives them further into your return strike.
As such, knockouts are more common than one would expect from a defensive style.
Article: Life Is Beautiful
Section: Cast

Question: Who played Joshua in the movie Life is Beautiful?

 Roberto Benigni as Guido Orefice
 Nicoletta Braschi as Dora
 Giorgio Cantarini as Joshua
 Giustino Durano as Uncle Eliseo
 Horst Buchholz as Doctor Lessing
 Marisa Paredes as Dora's mother
 Sergio Bustric as Ferruccio
 Amerigo Fontani as Rodolfo
Article: Lincoln Memorial
Section: Interior

Question: How many chambers are in the Lincoln memorial?

The area where the statue stands is 60 feet wide, 74 feet long, and 60 feet high.
The interior of the Memorial is divided into three chambers by two rows of Ionic columns.
These columns, four in each row, are tall and in diameter at their base.
The north and south side chambers contain carved inscriptions of Lincoln's second inaugural address and his Gettysburg Address.
Bordering these inscriptions are pilasters ornamented with fasces, eagles, and wreaths.
The inscriptions and adjoining ornamentation were done by Evelyn Beatrice Longman.
The Memorial is filled with symbolism: the 36 columns represent the states in the union at the time of Lincoln's death, the 48 stone festoons on the attic above the columns represent the 48 states in 1922.
Above each of the inscriptions is a mural painted by Jules Guerin graphically portraying governing principles evident in Lincoln's life.
On the south wall mural, Freedom, Liberty, Immortality, Justice, and the Law are pictured, while the north wall portrays Unity, Fraternity, and Charity.
Both scenes contain a background of cypress trees, the emblem of Eternity.
The murals were crafted with a special mixture of paint which included elements of kerosene and wax to protect the exposed artwork from fluctuations in temperature and moisture conditions.
The ceiling of the Memorial, above the floor, is composed of bronze girders, ornamented with laurel and oak leaves.
Between the girders are panels of Alabama marble, saturated with paraffin to increase their translucency.
Despite the increased light from this device, Bacon and French felt the statue required even more light.
They decided upon an artificial lighting system in which a louvered lighting panel would be set in the ceiling with metal slats to conceal the great floodlights.
Custodians could adjust the lights from a control room, varying them according to the outside light.
Funds for this expensive system were appropriated by Congress in 1926, and in 1929, seven years after the dedication, the statue was properly lighted.
Since that time, only one major alteration has taken place in the Memorial's design.
This was the addition of an elevator within the structure to aid handicapped visitors, which was installed in the mid-1970s.
Article: The New Normal (TV series)
Section: Recurring cast

Question: Who portrays Father Michael?

 Jackie Hoffman as Frances, David's mother
 Barry Bostwick as Marty, David's father
 Mary Kay Place as Colleen, Bryan's mother
 Marlo Thomas as Nancy Niles, Jane's boss
 Cheri Oteri as Carla, Bryan and David's baby consultant
 John Stamos as Brice, Jane's love interest and co-worker at Niles and Windsor Realtors
 Michael Hitchcock as Gary, the head of the surrogacy firm
 John Benjamin Hickey as Father Michael
Sterling Sulieman as Clint, Rocky's brother
Article: Disneyland
Section: Abstract

Question: How many people work at the Disneyland Resort?

Disneyland Park, originally Disneyland, is the first of two theme parks built at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, opened on July 17, 1955.
It is the only theme park designed and built under the direct supervision of Walt Disney.
It was originally the only attraction on the property; its name was changed to Disneyland Park to distinguish it from the expanding complex in the 1990s.
Walt Disney came up with the concept of Disneyland after visiting various amusement parks with his daughters in the 1930s and 1940s.
He initially envisioned building a tourist attraction adjacent to his studios in Burbank to entertain fans who wished to visit; however, he soon realized that the proposed site was too small.
After hiring a consultant to help him determine an appropriate site for his project, Walt bought a site near Anaheim in 1953.
Construction began in 1954 and the park was unveiled during a special televised press event on the ABC Television Network on July 17, 1955.
Since its opening, Disneyland has undergone a number of expansions and renovations, including the addition of New Orleans Square in 1966, Bear Country (now Critter Country) in 1972, and Mickey's Toontown in 1993.
Disney California Adventure Park was built on the site of Disneyland's original parking lot and opened in 2001.
Disneyland has a larger cumulative attendance than any other theme park in the world, with over 650 million guests since it opened.
In 2011, the park hosted approximately 16.14 million guests, making it the second most visited park in the world that calendar year.
According to a March 2005 report from the Disney Company, there are 65,700 jobs supported by the Disneyland Resort, which includes, at the Resort itself, 20,000 direct Disney employees and 3,800 third-party employees (that is, independent contractors or their employees).
Article: Bibimbap
Section: Abstract

Question: What does bibimbap mean?

Bibimbap (비빔밥, , sometimes anglicized bi bim bap or bi bim bop) is a signature Korean dish.
The word literally means "mixed rice".
"Bibimbap" is served as a bowl of warm white rice topped with "namul" (sautéed and seasoned vegetables) and "gochujang" (chili pepper paste).
A raw or fried egg and sliced meat (usually beef) are common additions.
The ingredients are stirred together thoroughly just before eating.
It is best served hot.
In Korea, Jeonju, Jinju, and Tongyeong are especially famous for their versions of bibimbap.
In 2011, it was listed at number 40 on the "World's 50 most delicious foods" readers' poll compiled by CNN Travel.
Article: Human swimming
Section: Abstract

Question: What is the definition of a person swimming?

Human swimming is the self propulsion of a person through water or other liquid, for survival, recreation, sport, exercise or other reason.
Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.
Humans are able to hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.
Swimming is consistently found to be among the top recreational activities undertaken by the public, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.
As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national and international competitions, including featuring in every modern summer Olympics.
Article: Marshall Plan
Section: Initial reactions

Question: What was the most important condition of the offer?

While the Soviet ambassador in Washington suspected that the Marshall Plan could lead to the creation of an anti-Soviet bloc, Stalin was open to the offer.
He directed that—in negotiations to be held in Paris regarding the aid—countries in the Eastern Bloc should not reject economic conditions being placed upon them.
Stalin only changed his outlook when he learned that (a) credit would only be extended under conditions of economic cooperation and,(b) aid would also be extended to Germany in total, an eventuality which Stalin thought would hamper the Soviets' ability to exercise influence in western Germany.
Initially, Stalin maneuvered to kill the Plan, or at least hamper it by means of destructive participation in the Paris talks regarding conditions.
He quickly realized, however, that this would be impossible after Molotov reported—following his arrival in Paris in July 1947—that conditions for the credit were non-negotiable.
Looming as just as large a concern was the Czechoslovak eagerness to accept the aid, as well as indications of a similar Polish attitude.
Stalin suspected a possibility that these Eastern Bloc countries might defy Soviet directives not to accept the aid, potentially causing a loss of control of the Eastern Bloc.
In addition, the most important condition was that every country choosing to take advantage of the plan would need to have its economic situation independently assessed—a level of scrutiny to which the Soviets could not agree.
Bevin and Bidault also insisted that any aid be accompanied by the creation of a unified European economy, something incompatible with the strict Soviet command economy.
Article: Vietnam War
Section: American nurses

Question: What was the name of the first female nurse to be killed by gunfire?

Women in the Vietnam War.
American nurses.
During the Vietnam War, American women served on active duty doing a variety of jobs.
Early in 1963, the Army Nurse Corps (ANC) launched Operation Nightingale, an intensive effort to recruit nurses to serve in Vietnam.
Most nurses who volunteered to serve in Vietnam came from predominantly working or middle-class families with histories of military service.
The majority of these women were white Catholics and Protestants.
Because the need for medical aid was great, many nurses underwent a concentrated four-month training program before being deployed to Vietnam in the ANC.
Due to the shortage of staff, nurses usually worked twelve-hour shifts, six days per week and often suffered from exhaustion.
First Lieutenant Sharon Lane was the only female military nurse to be killed by enemy gunfire during the war, on 8 June 1969.
At the start of the Vietnam War, it was commonly thought that American women had no place in the military.
Their traditional place had been in the domestic sphere, but with the war came opportunity for the expansion of gender roles.
In Vietnam, women held a variety of jobs which included operating complex data processing equipment and serving as stenographers.
Although a small number of women were assigned to combat zones, they were never allowed directly in the field of battle.
The women who served in the military were solely volunteers.
They faced a plethora of challenges, one of which was the relatively small number of female soldiers.
Living in a male-dominated environment created tensions between the sexes.
While this high male to female ratio was often uncomfortable for women, many men reported that having women in the field with them boosted their morale.
Although this was not the women's purpose, it was one positive result of the their service.
By 1973, approximately 7,500 women had served in Vietnam in the Southeast Asian theater.
In that same year, the military lifted the prohibition on women entering the armed forces.
American women serving in Vietnam were subject to societal stereotypes.
Many Americans either considered females serving in Vietnam masculine for living under the army discipline, or judged them to be women of questionable moral character who enlisted for the sole purpose of seducing men.
To address this problem, the ANC released advertisements portraying women in the ANC as "proper, professional and well protected."
(26) This effort to highlight the positive aspects of a nursing career reflected the ideas of second-wave feminism that occurred during the 1960s–1970s in the United States.
Although female military nurses lived in a heavily male environment, very few cases of sexual harassment were ever reported.
In 2008, by contrast, approximately one-third of women in the military felt that they had been sexually harassed compared with one-third of men.
Article: Cake
Section: Special-purpose cakes

Question: What typesw of cakes are associated with Christmas?

Cakes may be classified according to the occasion for which they are intended.
For example, wedding cakes, birthday cakes, cakes for first communion, Christmas cakes, Halloween cakes and Passover plava (a type of sponge cake sometimes made with matzo meal) are all identified primarily according to the celebration they are intended to accompany.
The cutting of a wedding cake constitutes a social ceremony in some cultures.
The Ancient Roman marriage ritual of "confarreatio" originated in the sharing of a cake.
Particular types of cake may be associated with particular festivals, such as stollen or chocolate log (at Christmas), babka and simnel cake (at Easter), or mooncake.
There has been a long tradition of decorating an iced cake at Christmas time; other cakes associated with Christmas include chocolate log and mince pies.
Article: This Is Not a Film
Section: Abstract

Question: What was the release date in France for This is Not a Film?

This Is Not a Film () is an Iranian documentary film by Jafar Panahi and Mojtaba Mirtahmasb.
It was released on 28 September 2011 in France, distributed by Kanibal Films Distribution.
The film was smuggled from Iran to Cannes in a flash drive hidden inside a birthday cake.
It was specially screened at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival and later at the New York Film Festival, and others.
It also took part in the International Competition of the 27th Warsaw International Film Festival.
Article: All Is Lost
Section: Music

Question: Wat did Roger Ebert say in All is Lost

The film score to "All Is Lost" is composed by Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros’ frontman Alex Ebert, who signed on to the film in November 2012.
Speaking of the experience of working on the film, Ebert said, "This project was a dream—an open space to play in but also space to listen to the elements—wind, water, rain, sun, are the story's other characters to me.
I knew I had quite a task ahead of me: to at once allow the elements to sing and to give Redford a voice with which to, once in a while, respond."
The "extra features" of the Blu-ray Disc explicate on the unique development of the sound track, music, script and other production considerations.
A soundtrack album featuring ten original compositions and one new song all written, composed, and produced by Ebert was released on October 1, 2013 by Community Music.
On September 12, 2013, the song "Amen" from the soundtrack was made available for streaming.
Article: Biology
Section: Energy

Question: What are the roles that molecules play of chemical substances of food?

The survival of a living organism depends on the continuous input of energy.
Chemical reactions that are responsible for its structure and function are tuned to extract energy from substances that act as its food and transform them to help form new cells and sustain them.
In this process, molecules of chemical substances that constitute food play two roles; first, they contain energy that can be transformed for biological chemical reactions; second, they develop new molecular structures made up of biomolecules.
The organisms responsible for the introduction of energy into an ecosystem are known as producers or autotrophs.
Nearly all of these organisms originally draw energy from the sun.
Plants and other phototrophs use solar energy via a process known as photosynthesis to convert raw materials into organic molecules, such as ATP, whose bonds can be broken to release energy.
A few ecosystems, however, depend entirely on energy extracted by chemotrophs from methane, sulfides, or other non-luminal energy sources.
Some of the captured energy is used to produce biomass to sustain life and provide energy for growth and development.
The majority of the rest of this energy is lost as heat and waste molecules.
The most important processes for converting the energy trapped in chemical substances into energy useful to sustain life are metabolism and cellular respiration.
Article: Private Practice (TV series)
Section: Casting

Question: Did ABC Give a reason to the change in who would play the role?

On , it was announced by ABC that Merrin Dungey, who played the role of Naomi Bennett, would be replaced by four time Tony winner Audra McDonald.
ABC gave no reason for this change.
On , it was announced that a new character, played by KaDee Strickland, had been added to the main cast.
Tony Award Winner Idina Menzel appeared in two episodes during the second season.
Menzel was married to "Private Practice" star Taye Diggs.
David Sutcliffe, Jayne Brook, and Josh Hopkins also appeared in "Private Practice".