community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Somebody That I Used to Know
Section: Music video

Question: When did the video for Somebody That I Used to Know get nominated for Video of the Year?

Music video.
The music video for "Somebody That I Used To Know", which was directed and produced by Natasha Pincus, shows both Gotye and Kimbra naked throughout the clip, and as they sing, his skin is gradually painted into the backdrop via stop motion animation.
In the director's cut, it features nudity.
The director's cut was never posted.
The painting used in the video's background, painted by Howard Clark, is based on a 1980s artwork created by Gotye's father, Frank de Backer, who also designed the cover art for the related album, "Making Mirrors".
Emma Hack, an Australian artist and skin illustrator based in Adelaide, was hired by Pincus to work on the body paintings for Gotye and Kimbra.
Melbourne Scenic Artist Howard Clark painted the backdrop.
According to Hack, it took more than 23 hours to paint both Gotye and Kimbra to fit with Howard's background.
Their painting symbolises their combined relationship.
Before its official premiere, the music video was leaked on Take 40 Australia's website.
According to Pincus, "It was stolen out of our system.
I guess it's always wanted to get out there.
Within five minutes it was everywhere".
On 30 July 2011 it was officially premiered on YouTube and on the Australian music show "Rage".
The music video was well received for its artistic style, picking up 200,000 views in its first two weeks, as well as receiving promotion on Twitter by actor Ashton Kutcher and Katy Perry.
As of May 2013, the video has over 400 million views on YouTube.
The video for "Somebody That I Used to Know" was voted number 1 in the annual "Rage" Fifty countdown.
Andy Samberg and Taran Killam parodied the video in a "Saturday Night Live" "digital short" that coincided with Gotye's 14 April 2012 performance on the show.
The video was nominated for Video of the Year and Best Editing in a Video at the 2012 MTV Video Music Awards.
Article: The Amazing Race 21
Section: Episode title quotes

Question: What is the title of episode Natalie created of The Amazing Race 21?

Episode titles are often taken from quotes made by the racers.
 "Double Your Money (Shanghai, China)" – "Phil Keoghan"
 "Long Hair, Don't Care (Surabaya, Indonesia)" – "Jaymes"
 "There's No Crying in Baseball (Bangil, Indonesia)" – "Brittany"
 "Funky Monkey (Dhaka, Bangladesh)" – "Abbie"
 "Chill Out, Freak (Dhaka, Bangladesh)" – "Natalie"
 "Get Your Sexy On (Istanbul, Turkey)" – "Nadiya"
 "Off to See the Wizard (Moscow, Russia)" – "James" 
 "We Was Robbed (Moscow, Russia)" – "James" 
 "Fishy Kiss (Amsterdam, Netherlands)" – "Nadiya"
 "Not a Well-Rounded Athlete (Mallorca, Spain)" – "James" 
 "Take Down That Million (Loire Valley, France & New York City, New York)" – "Trey"
Article: Dallas Buyers Club
Section: Differences between the film and reality

Question: Who was married to Woodroof?

The characters of Rayon and Dr. Eve Saks were fictional; the writers had interviewed transgender AIDS patients, activists, and doctors for the film and combined these stories to create the two composite supporting roles.
However, Woodroof did lose all his friends after they found out he was HIV-positive.
In his interviews with Borten, Woodroof implied that this, along with interactions with gay people living with AIDS through the buyers club, led to a rethinking of his apparent anti-gay sentiments and changed his views on gay people.
Other people who knew him said that he did not harbor anti-gay sentiments and was himself bisexual.
Also, while a rodeo enthusiast, he never rode any bulls himself.
Although the film shows Woodroof diagnosed in 1985, he told Borten that a doctor had informed him he might have the disease well before that; Woodroof believed he may have been infected in 1981, something that was briefly alluded to in a flashback in the film.
While Woodroof was known for outlandish behavior, according to those who knew him, both the film and McConaughey made him rougher than he actually was, describing him as "outrageous, but not confrontational" and not as obviously anti-gay earlier in his life.
The real Woodroof also had an ex-wife, Brenda, a daughter and a sister who were not approached by the writers and were left out of the script to make the film more of a character study.
Article: Human swimming
Section: Lessons

Question: If children can't swim by what age do they receive intensive daily lessons?

Children generally do not swim independently until 4 years of age.
In Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Estonia and Finland, the curriculum for the fifth grade (fourth grade in Estonia) states that all children should learn how to swim as well as how to handle emergencies near water.
Most commonly, children are expected to be able to swim – of which at least on their back – after first falling into deep water and getting their head under water.
Even though about 95 percent of Swedish school children know how to swim, drowning remains the third most common cause of death among children.
In both the Netherlands and Belgium swimming lessons under school time ("schoolzwemmen", school swimming) are supported by the government.
Most schools provide swimming lessons.
There is a long tradition of swimming lessons in the Netherlands and Belgium, the Dutch translation for the breaststroke swimming style is even "schoolslag" (schoolstroke).
The children learn a variant of the breaststroke, which is technically not entirely correct.
In France, swimming is a compulsory part of the curriculum for primary schools.
Children usually spend one semester per year learning swimming during CE1/CE2/CM1 (2nd, 3rd and 4th grade).
In many places, swimming lessons are provided by local swimming pools, both those run by the local authority and by private leisure companies.
Many schools also include swimming lessons into their Physical Education curricula, provided either in the schools' own pool, or in the nearest public pool.
In the UK, the "Top-ups scheme" calls for school children who cannot swim by the age of 11 to receive intensive daily lessons.
These children who have not reached Great Britain's National Curriculum standard of swimming 25 metres by the time they leave primary school will be given a half-hour lesson every day for two weeks during term-time.
In Canada and Mexico there has been a call for swimming to be included in the public school curriculum.
In USA there is the Infant Swimming Resource (ISR) initiative that provides lessons for infant children, to cope with emergency situation when they have fallen into water.
They are learned how to roll-back-to-float (hold their breath underwater, to roll onto their back, to float unassisted, rest and breathe until help arrives).
Article: Virus
Section: Host range

Question: Are all types of cellular life infected by it?

Viruses are by far the most abundant biological entities on Earth and they outnumber all the others put together.
They infect all types of cellular life including animals, plants, bacteria and fungi.
However, different types of viruses can infect only a limited range of hosts and many are species-specific.
Some, such as smallpox virus for example, can infect only one species – in this case humans, and are said to have a narrow host range.
Other viruses, such as rabies virus, can infect different species of mammals and are said to have a broad range.
The viruses that infect plants are harmless to animals, and most viruses that infect other animals are harmless to humans.
The host range of some bacteriophages is limited to a single strain of bacteria and they can be used to trace the source of outbreaks of infections by a method called phage typing.
Article: American Revolution
Section: Role of women

Question: What year did  the women of Boston produce 40,000 skeins of yarn, and 180 women in Middletown, Massachusetts wove of cloth?

Women contributed to the American Revolution in many ways, and were involved on both sides.
While formal Revolutionary politics did not include women, ordinary domestic behaviors became charged with political significance as Patriot women confronted a war that permeated all aspects of political, civil, and domestic life.
They participated by boycotting British goods, spying on the British, following armies as they marched, washing, cooking, and tending for soldiers, delivering secret messages, and in a few cases like Deborah Samson, fighting disguised as men.
Also, Mercy Otis Warren held meetings in her house and cleverly attacked Loyalists with her creative plays and histories.
Above all, they continued the agricultural work at home to feed their families and the armies.
They maintained their families during their husbands' absences and sometimes after their deaths.
American women were integral to the success of the boycott of British goods, as the boycotted items were largely household items such as tea and cloth.
Women had to return to knitting goods, and to spinning and weaving their own cloth — skills that had fallen into disuse.
In 1769, the women of Boston produced 40,000 skeins of yarn, and 180 women in Middletown, Massachusetts wove of cloth.
A crisis of political loyalties could disrupt the fabric of colonial America women's social worlds: whether a man did or did not renounce his allegiance to the King could dissolve ties of class, family, and friendship, isolating women from former connections.
A woman's loyalty to her husband, once a private commitment, could become a political act, especially for women in America committed to men who remained loyal to the King.
Legal divorce, usually rare, was granted to Patriot women whose husbands supported the King.
Article: Cereal
Section: Nutritional facts

Question: How do beans and rice contribute to a good diet for vegetarians?

Some grains are deficient in the essential amino acid lysine.
That is why many vegetarian cultures, in order to get a balanced diet, combine their diet of grains with legumes.
Many legumes, on the other hand, are deficient in the essential amino acid methionine, which grains contain.
Thus, a combination of legumes with grains forms a well-balanced diet for vegetarians.
Common examples of such combinations are dal (lentils) with rice by South Indians and Bengalis, dal with wheat in Pakistan and North India, and beans with corn tortillas, tofu with rice, and peanut butter with wheat bread (as sandwiches) in several other cultures, including Americans.
The amount of crude protein found in grain is measured as the grain crude protein concentration.
Article: The Holocaust
Section: Jehovah's Witnesses

Question: How many Jehovah's Witnesses were forced to wear a purple triangle?

Refusing to pledge allegiance to the Nazi party or to serve in the military, roughly 12,000 Jehovah's Witnesses were forced to wear a purple triangle and were placed in camps where they were given the option of renouncing their faith and submitting to the state's authority.
Between 2,500 and 5,000 were killed.
Historian Detlef Garbe, director at the Neuengamme (Hamburg) Memorial, writes that "no other religious movement resisted the pressure to conform to National Socialism with comparable unanimity and steadfastness."
Article: Evolution
Section: Evolution of life

Question: How many years ago did amphibians first live?

 of life.
Prokaryotes inhabited the Earth from approximately 3–4 billion years ago.
*</ref> No obvious changes in morphology or cellular organisation occurred in these organisms over the next few billion years.
The eukaryotic cells emerged between 1.6 – 2.7 billion years ago.
The next major change in cell structure came when bacteria were engulfed by eukaryotic cells, in a cooperative association called endosymbiosis.
The engulfed bacteria and the host cell then underwent co-evolution, with the bacteria evolving into either mitochondria or hydrogenosomes.
Another engulfment of cyanobacterial-like organisms led to the formation of chloroplasts in algae and plants.
*</ref>The history of life was that of the unicellular eukaryotes, prokaryotes and archaea until about 610 million years ago when multicellular organisms began to appear in the oceans in the Ediacaran period.
The evolution of multicellularity occurred in multiple independent events, in organisms as diverse as sponges, brown algae, cyanobacteria, slime moulds and myxobacteria.
Soon after the emergence of these first multicellular organisms, a remarkable amount of biological diversity appeared over approximately 10 million years, in an event called the Cambrian explosion.
Here, the majority of types of modern animals appeared in the fossil record, as well as unique lineages that subsequently became extinct.
Various triggers for the Cambrian explosion have been proposed, including the accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere from photosynthesis.
*</ref>About 500 million years ago, plants and fungi colonised the land and were soon followed by arthropods and other animals.
Insects were particularly successful and even today make up the majority of animal species.
Amphibians first appeared around 364 million years ago, followed by early amniotes and birds around 155 million years ago (both from "reptile"-like lineages), mammals around 129 million years ago, homininae around 10 million years ago and modern humans around 250,000 years ago.
However, despite the evolution of these large animals, smaller organisms similar to the types that evolved early in this process continue to be highly successful and dominate the Earth, with the majority of both biomass and species being prokaryotes.
Article: As Long as You Love Me (Justin Bieber song)
Section: Track listings

Question: What is the duration of the Ferry Corsten Remix?

Digital download
"As Long As You Love Me" (feat.
Big Sean) – 3:49
Digital Remixes EP
 "As Long As You Love Me" (Ferry Corsten Remix) - 5:42
 "As Long As You Love Me" (Ferry Corsten Club Dub) - 4:58
 "As Long As You Love Me" (Ferry Corsten Radio Mix) - 3:31
 "As Long As You Love Me" (Audiobot Remix) - 5:04
 "As Long As You Love Me" (Audiobot Instrumental) - 5:04
 "As Long As You Love Me" (Audiobot Radio Mix) - 3:55
 "As Long As You Love Me" (Paulo & Jackinsky Club Mix) - 7:41
 "As Long As You Love Me" (Paulo & Jackinsky Dub) - 7:26
 "As Long As You Love Me" (Paulo & Jackinsky Radio Mix) - 3:55
 "As Long As You Love Me" (feat.
Big Sean) (Audien Dubstep Radio Mix) - 4:03
 "As Long As You Love Me" (feat.
Big Sean) (Audien Dubstep Mix) - 4:37
 "As Long As You Love Me" (feat.
Big Sean) (Audien Luvstep Mix) - 4:37
Article: Bedroom in Arles
Section: First version

Question: "The Poet," a portrait of Eugène Boch, was created by who?

Van Gogh started the first version during mid October 1888 while staying in Arles, and explained his aims and means to his brother Theo:
"This time it simply reproduces my bedroom; but colour must be abundant in this part, its simplification adding a rank of grandee to the style applied to the objects, getting to suggest a certain rest or dream.
Well, I have thought that on watching the composition we stop thinking and imagining.
I have painted the walls pale violet.
The ground with checked material.
The wooden bed and the chairs, yellow like fresh butter; the sheet and the pillows, lemon light green.
The bedspread, scarlet coloured.
The window, green.
The washbasin, orangey; the tank, blue.
The doors, lilac.
And, that is all.
There is not anything else in this room with closed shutters.
The square pieces of furniture must express unswerving rest; also the portraits on the wall, the mirror, the bottle, and some costumes.
The white colour has not been applied to the picture, so its frame will be white, aimed to get me even with the compulsory rest recommended for me.
I have depicted no type of shade or shadow; I have only applied simple plain colours, like those in crêpes.
"
Van Gogh included sketches of the composition in this letter as well as in a letter to Gauguin, written slightly later.
This version has on the wall to the right miniatures of Van Gogh's portraits of his friends Eugène Boch and Paul-Eugène Milliet.
The portrait of Eugène Boch is called "The Poet" and the portrait of Paul Eugène Milliet is called "The Lover."
Article: Ramen
Section: Canned version

Question: What flavors of Ramen are there?

In Akihabara, vending machines distribute warm ramen in a steel can, known as .
It is produced by a popular ramen restaurant and contains noodles, soup, menma, and pork.
It is intended as a quick snack, and includes a small folded plastic fork.
There are few kinds of flavor such as "tonkotsu" and curry.
Article: Protestant Reformation
Section: Primary sources in translation

Question: What year was "The Protestant Reformation: Major Documents" published?

 Fosdick, Harry Emerson, ed.
"Great Voices of the Reformation of other putative reformers before and after it: an Anthology", ed., with an introd.
and commentaries, by Harry Emerson Fosdick.
New York: Modern Library, 1952. xxx, 546 p.
 Janz, Denis, ed.
"A Reformation Reader: Primary Texts With Introductions" (2008) excerpt and text search
 Luther, Martin "Luther's Correspondence and Other Contemporary Letters," 2 vols., tr.
and ed.
by Preserved Smith, Charles Michael Jacobs, The Lutheran Publication Society, Philadelphia, Pa. 1913, 1918. vol.2 (1521–1530) from Google Books.
Reprint of Vol.1, Wipf & Stock Publishers (March 2006).
ISBN 1-59752-601-0.
 Spitz, Lewis W. "The Protestant Reformation: Major Documents".
St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1997.
ISBN 0-570-04993-8
Article: Breaking Bad
Section: Pink teddy bear

Question: Where will you see the damaged teddy bear in Jane's room?

A motif within the second season is the image of a damaged teddy bear and its missing eye.
The teddy bear first appears at the end of the music video "Fallacies" for Jesse's band "TwaüghtHammër", which was released as a webisode in February 2009 leading to the second season.
The teddy bear can also be spotted on the mural on Jane's bedroom wall during the final episode of the second season, further connecting the crash to Jane.
It is seen in flashforwards during four episodes, the titles of which, when put together in order, form the sentence "Seven Thirty-Seven down over ABQ".
The flashforwards are shot in black and white, with the sole exception of the pink teddy bear, which is an homage to the film "Schindler's List", in which the color red is used to distinguish a little girl in a coat.
At the end of the season, Walter indirectly helps cause the midair collision of two airplanes; the pink teddy bear is then revealed to have fallen out of one of the planes and into the White family's pool.
Vince Gilligan called the plane accident an attempt to visualize "all the terrible grief that Walt has wrought upon his loved ones" and "the judgment of God.
"In the first episode of the third season, the NTSB fishes the teddy bear out of his pool and Walt later finds the missing eye in the pool filter.
Television critic Myles McNutt has called it "a symbol of the damage feels responsible for," and "The A.V.
Club" commented that "the pink teddy bear continues to accuse."
Fans and critics have compared the appearance of the teddy bear's face to an image of Gus Fring's face in the fourth season finale.
The teddy bear was auctioned off, among other memorabilia, on September 29, 2013, the air date of the show finale.
On October 29 of the same year, Aaron Paul posted production pictures of Cranston posing with the teddy bear on Instagram.
Article: Tennis
Section: Premier events

Question: When did the Premier Events in Tennis begin?

Women's tournament structure.
Premier events.
Premier events for women form the most prestigious level of events on the Women's Tennis Association Tour after the Grand Slam tournaments.
These events offer the largest rewards in terms of points and prize money.
Within the Premier category are Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and Premier tournaments.
The Premier events were introduced in 2009 replacing the previous Tier I and II tournament categories.
Currently four tournaments are Premier Mandatory, five tournaments are Premier 5, and twelve tournaments are Premier.
The first tiering system in women's tennis was introduced in 1988.
At the time of its creation, only two tournaments, the Lipton International Players Championships in Florida and the German Open in Berlin, comprised the Tier I category.
Article: Dissolution of the Monasteries
Section: Arts and culture

Question: What are some things that were lost due to the destruction of monastic libraries?

Along with the destruction of the monasteries, some of them many hundreds of years old, the related destruction of the monastic libraries was perhaps the greatest cultural loss caused by the English Reformation.
Worcester Priory (now Worcester Cathedral) had 600 books at the time of the dissolution.
Only six of them are known to have survived intact to the present day.
At the abbey of the Augustinian Friars at York, a library of 646 volumes was destroyed, leaving only three known survivors.
Some books were destroyed for their precious bindings, others were sold off by the cartload.
The antiquarian John Leland was commissioned by the King to rescue items of particular interest (especially manuscript sources of Old English history), and other collections were made by private individuals; notably Matthew Parker.
Nevertheless much was lost, especially manuscript books of English church music, none of which had then been printed.
Article: Sausage
Section: China

Question: What is the definition of hong chang in Chinese?

A European-like-style smoked savory "hóng cháng" (红肠 "red sausage") is produced in Harbin, China's northernmost major city.
It is another notable product similar to Lithuanian and Polish sausages including kiełbasa and "podhalańska", in that they tend to be of a much more European flavours than other Chinese sausages.
This kind of sausage was first produced in a Russian-capitalized factory named Churin sausage factory in 1909, Since then Harbin style sausage become popular in China, especially in northern regions.
Lap cheong (also lap chong, lap chung, lop chong) are dried pork sausages that look and feel like pepperoni, but are much sweeter.
In southwestern China, sausages are flavored with salt, red pepper and wild pepper.
People often cure sausages by smoking and air drying.
Article: Space Needle
Section: Abstract

Question: Where is the Space Needle located?

The Space Needle is an observation tower in Seattle, Washington, a landmark of the Pacific Northwest, and a symbol of Seattle.
Built in the Seattle Center for the 1962 World's Fair, which drew over 2.3 million visitors, nearly 20,000 people a day used its elevators.
Once the tallest structure west of the Mississippi River, it is high, wide, and weighs 9,550 tons.
It is built to withstand winds of up to and earthquakes of up to 9.1 magnitude, as strong as the 1700 Cascadia earthquake.
It also has 25 lightning rods.
It has an observation deck at and a gift shop with the rotating SkyCity restaurant at .
From the top of the Needle, one can see not only the downtown Seattle skyline but also the Olympic and Cascade Mountains, Mount Rainier, Mount Baker, Elliott Bay, and surrounding islands.
Photographs of the Seattle skyline often show the Space Needle prominently, above the rest of the skyscrapers and Mount Rainier.
Visitors can reach the top of the Space Needle by elevators that travel at .
The trip takes 41 seconds, and some tourists wait in hour-long lines.
On windy days, the elevators slow to .
On April 19, 1999, the city's Landmarks Preservation Board designated it a historic landmark.