community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: I Believe I Can Fly
Section: Notable other performances

Question: When Kelly performed the song at the 40th Annual Grammy Awards," I Believe I Can Fly".Which NBA player was commonly associated with it?

R.
Kelly performed the song at the 40th Annual Grammy Awards.STS-122 crew heard this song on flight day 10 as a wake up call.
Since its release, it has become commonly associated with the NBA, most notably with Michael Jordan.
It also the song was in the 1997 NBA Finals on NBC.
On December 21, 2011, R. Kelly performed it on X-Factor as a duet with Melanie Amaro.
A version of the song, recorded by the Halifax community choir, was used as the backing track to a 2012 UK TV advertisement for the Halifax Bank.
On October 13, 2012, when the Space Shuttle Endeavour was being transferred from Los Angeles International Airport to the California Science Center through the streets of Los Angeles, the recording was played as the shuttle left The Forum, and the song was performed live by James Ingram later that day at Debbie Allen's live show celebrating the Endeavour's arrival at the corner of Crenshaw Blvd and Martin Luther King Blvd.
(The shuttle was delayed over five hours in arriving there; to keep the crowd entertained, the performance went on only slightly delayed.)
Article: Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas
Section: Abstract

Question: When did Judy Garland release "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas"?

"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" is a song introduced by Judy Garland in the 1944 MGM musical "Meet Me in St. Louis".
Frank Sinatra later recorded a version with modified lyrics.
The song was written by Hugh Martin and Ralph Blane.
In 2007, ASCAP ranked "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" the third most performed Christmas song during the preceding five years that had been written by ASCAP members.
Article: Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Section: History

Question: Who lived in the area that became Great Smoky Mountains National Park?

Before the arrival of European settlers, the region was part of the homeland of the Cherokees.
Frontierspeople began settling the land in the 18th and early 19th century.
In 1830 President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act, beginning the process that eventually resulted in the forced removal of all Indian tribes east of the Mississippi River to what is now Oklahoma.
Many of the Cherokee left, but some, led by renegade warrior Tsali, hid out in the area that is now the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Some of their descendants now live in the Qualla Boundary to the south of the park.
As white settlers arrived, logging grew as a major industry in the mountains, and a rail line, the Little River Railroad, was constructed in the late-19th Century to haul timber out of the remote regions of the area.
Cut-and-run-style clearcutting was destroying the natural beauty of the area, so visitors and locals banded together to raise money for preservation of the land.
The U.S. National Park Service wanted a park in the eastern United States, but did not have much money to establish one.
Though Congress had authorized the park in 1926, there was no nucleus of federally owned land around which to build a park.
John D. Rockefeller, Jr., contributed $5 million, the U.S. government added $2 million, and private citizens from Tennessee and North Carolina pitched in to assemble the land for the park, piece by piece.
Slowly, mountain homesteaders, miners, and loggers were evicted from the land.
Farms and timbering operations were abolished to establish the protected areas of the park.
Travel writer Horace Kephart, for whom Mount Kephart was named, and photographer George Masa were instrumental in fostering the development of the park.
Former Governor Ben W. Hooper of Tennessee was the principal land purchasing agent for the park, which was officially established on June 15, 1934.
During the Great Depression, the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Works Progress Administration, and other federal organizations made trails, fire watchtowers, and other infrastructure improvements to the park and Smoky Mountains.
It was also a site for filming of parts of Disney's hit 1950s TV series, "Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier".
This park was designated an International Biosphere Reserve in 1976, was certified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, and became a part of the Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve in 1988.
A 75th anniversary re-dedication ceremony was held on September 2, 2009.
Among those in attendance were all four US Senators, the three US Representatives whose districts include the park, the governors of both states, and Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar.
Tennessee native, singer, and actress Dolly Parton also attended and performed.
Article: Machu Picchu
Section: Layout

Question: What is the architecture adapted to, and how many buildings are represented?

The site is roughly divided into an urban sector and an agricultural sector, as well as the upper town and the lower town.
The temples are part of the upper town, the warehouses the lower.
The architecture is adapted to the natural form of the mountains.
Approximately 200 buildings are arranged on wide parallel terraces around a vast central square that is oriented east-west.
The various "kanchas" or compounds are long and narrow in order to exploit the terrain.
Extensive terraces were used for agriculture and sophisticated channeling systems provided irrigation for the fields.
Numerous stone stairways set in the walls allowed access to the different levels across the site.
The eastern section of the city was probably residential.
The western, separated by the square, was for religious and ceremonial purposes.
This section contains the Torreón, the massive tower which may have been used as an observatory.
Located in the first zone are the primary archaeological treasures: the "Intihuatana", the "Temple of the Sun" and the "Room of the Three Windows".
These were dedicated to "Inti", their sun god and greatest deity.
The Popular District, or Residential District, is the place where the lower-class people lived.
It includes storage buildings and simple houses.
The royalty area, a sector for the nobility, is a group of houses located in rows over a slope; the residence of the Amautas (wise persons) was characterized by its reddish walls, and the zone of the "Ñustas" (princesses) had trapezoid-shaped rooms.
The Monumental Mausoleum is a carved statue with a vaulted interior and carved drawings.
It was used for rites or sacrifices.
The Guardhouse is a three-sided building, with one of its long sides opening onto the Terrace of the Ceremonial Rock.
The three-sided style of Inca architecture is known as the "wayrona" style.
Article: Proton
Section: Description

Question: What is nucleaus of the most common isotope of the hydrogen atom?

Protons are spin-½ fermions and are composed of three valence quarks, making them baryons (a sub-type of hadrons).
The two up quarks and one down quark of the proton are held together by the strong force, mediated by gluons.
A modern perspective has the proton composed of the valence quarks (up, up, down), the gluons, and transitory pairs of sea quarks.
The proton has an approximately exponentially decaying positive charge distribution with a mean square radius of about 0.8 fm.
Protons and neutrons are both nucleons, which may be bound together by the nuclear force to form atomic nuclei.
The nucleus of the most common isotope of the hydrogen atom (with the chemical symbol "H") is a lone proton.
The nuclei of the heavy hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium contain one proton bound to one and two neutrons, respectively.
All other types of atomic nuclei are composed of two or more protons and various numbers of neutrons.
Article: Apollo 11
Section: Moon race

Question: when was the 40th anniversary of apollo 11?

The Soviet Union was secretly attempting to compete with the US in landing a man on the Moon but had been hampered by repeated failures in development of a launcher comparable to the Saturn V. Meanwhile, they tried to beat the US to return lunar material to the Earth by means of unmanned probes.
On July 13, three days before Apollo 11's launch, they launched Luna 15, which reached lunar orbit before Apollo 11.
During descent, a malfunction caused Luna 15 to crash in Mare Crisium about two hours before Armstrong and Aldrin took off from the surface.
The Jodrell Bank Observatory radio telescope in England was later discovered to have recorded transmissions from Luna 15 during its descent, and this was published in July 2009 on the 40th anniversary of Apollo 11.
Article: Fruitvale Station
Section: Music

Question: Who composed Fruitvale Station?

The musical score to "Fruitvale Station" was composed by Ludwig Göransson.
Also a USC graduate, Göransson said of the scoring process: "Ryan and I talked a lot about how sound design was going to have a huge role in the movie and very early on I got sent the actual sound recordings of the Bart Train.
I manipulated the train sound and made it almost feel like a dark ambient synth sound and I used it almost throughout the whole Bart platform scene.
The other element in the score is lots of layered and manipulated guitars sounding almost like haunting pads."
Coogler added: "One thing that we always wanted to be conscious of with the score, was to make sure that it always felt organic.
A lot of the film would play without score, so Ludwig made sure that whenever we brought score in came out of sounds in the environment."
A soundtrack album, "Fruitvale Station – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack", was be released digitally on September 24, 2013 and on CD October 15, 2013 through Lakeshore Records.
Article: Wake in Fright
Section: Cast

Question: In Wake in Fright who plays Jarvis?

 Gary Bond as John Grant
 Donald Pleasence as Doc Tydon
 Chips Rafferty as Jock Crawford
 Sylvia Kay as Janette Hynes
 John Meillon as Charlie
 Jack Thompson as Dick
 Peter Whittle as Joe
 Al Thomas as Tim Hynes
 Dawn Lake as Joyce
 John Armstrong as Atkins
 Slim de Grey as Jarvis
 Maggie Dence as receptionist
 Norman Erskine as Joe the cook
Article: Once Upon a Time (TV series)
Section: Ratings

Question: How many viewers watched the 2-5th episodes of Once Upon a Time?

The first season premiered as the top-rated drama series.
The pilot episode was watched by 13 million viewers and received a 4.0 rating/share among 18–49 year olds.
It was the season's highest-rated drama debut among the age range and ABC's biggest debut in five years.
With DVR viewers, the premiere climbed to 15.5 million viewers and a 5.2 rating/share in adults 18–49.
The show's next three episodes had consistent ratings every week with over 11 million viewers.
The series has become the number one non-sports program with viewers and young adults on Sunday nights.
Article: Sunflowers (Van Gogh series)
Section: The "Repetitions", January 1889

Question: What did the Tokyo version of Van Gogh's Sunflowers add?

Both "repetitions" of the 4th version are no longer in their original state.
In the Amsterdam version a strip of wood was added at the top—probably by Van Gogh himself.
The Tokyo version, however, was enlarged on all sides with strips of canvas, which were added at a later time—presumably by the first owner, Emile Schuffenecker.
The series is perhaps his best known and most widely reproduced.
In recent years, there has been debate regarding the authenticity of one of the paintings, and it has been suggested that this version may have been the work of Émile Schuffenecker or of Paul Gauguin.
Most experts, however, conclude that the work is genuine.
Article: Electrochemistry
Section: Neutral medium

Question: In electrochemistry, what is the procedure used on a Neutral medium?

The same procedure as used on acid medium is applied, for example on balancing using electron ion method to complete combustion of propane.
"Unbalanced reaction": C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
"Reduction": 4 H+ + O2 + 4 e– → 2 H2O
"Oxidation": 6 H2O + C3H8 → 3 CO2 + 20 e– + 20 H+
As in acid and basic medium, electrons which were used to compensate oxidation changes are multiplied to opposite half reactions, thus solving the equation.
20 H+ + 5 O2 + 20 e– → 10 H2O
6 H2O + C3H8 → 3 CO2 + 20 e– + 20 H+
Equation balanced:
C3H8 + 5 O2 → 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
Article: Family Guy
Section: Origins

Question: What yaer did MacFarlane come up with the idea for "Family Guy"?

MacFarlane initially conceived "Family Guy" in 1995 while studying animation at the Rhode Island School of Design (RISD).
During college, he created his thesis film entitled "The Life of Larry", which was submitted by his professor at RISD to Hanna-Barbera.
MacFarlane was hired by the company.
In 1996 MacFarlane created a sequel to "The Life of Larry" entitled "Larry and Steve", which featured a middle-aged character named Larry and an intellectual dog, Steve; the short was broadcast in 1997 as one of Cartoon Network's "World Premiere Toons".
Executives at Fox saw the "Larry" shorts and contracted MacFarlane to create a series, entitled "Family Guy", based on the characters.
Fox proposed MacFarlane complete a 15-minute short, and gave him a budget of $50,000.
Several aspects of "Family Guy" were inspired by the "Larry shorts".
While working on the series, the characters of Larry and his dog Steve slowly evolved into Peter and Brian.
MacFarlane stated that the difference between "The Life of Larry" and "Family Guy" was that ""Life of Larry" was shown primarily in my dorm room and "Family Guy" was shown after the Super Bowl."
After the pilot aired, the series was given the green light.
MacFarlane drew inspiration from several sitcoms such as "The Simpsons" and "All in the Family".
Premises were drawn from several 1980s Saturday morning cartoons he watched as a child, such as "The Fonz and the Happy Days Gang" and "Rubik, the Amazing Cube".
The Griffin family first appeared on the demo that MacFarlane pitched to Fox on May 15, 1998.
"Family Guy" was originally planned to start out as short movies for the sketch show "MADtv", but the plan changed because MADtv's budget was not large enough to support animation production.
MacFarlane noted that he then wanted to pitch it to Fox, as he thought that that was the place to create a prime-time animation show.
"Family Guy" was originally pitched to Fox in the same year as "King of the Hill", but the show was not bought until years later, when "King of the Hill" became successful.
Fox ordered 13 episodes of "Family Guy" to air in midseason after MacFarlane impressed executives with a seven-minute demo.
Article: Australia
Section: Arts

Question: Beginning the 20th century, name one of the world's leading opera singers.

Australian visual arts are thought to have begun with the cave paintings, rock engravings and body painting of its Indigenous peoples.
The traditions of Indigenous Australians are largely transmitted orally, through ceremony and the telling of Dreamtime stories.
From the time of European settlement, a theme in Australian art has been the natural landscape, seen for example in the works of Albert Namatjira, Arthur Streeton and others associated with the Heidelberg School, and Arthur Boyd.
The country's landscape remains a source of inspiration for Australian modernist artists; it has been depicted in acclaimed works by the likes of Sidney Nolan, Fred Williams, Sydney Long, and Clifton Pugh.
Australian artists influenced by modern American and European art include cubist Grace Crowley, surrealist James Gleeson, and pop artist Martin Sharp.
Contemporary Indigenous Australian art is the only art movement of international significance to emerge from Australia and "the last great art movement of the 20th century"; its exponents have included Emily Kngwarreye.
Art critic Robert Hughes has written several influential books about Australian history and art, and was described as the "world's most famous art critic" by "The New York Times".
The National Gallery of Australia and state galleries maintain Australian and overseas collections.
Australia has one of the world's highest attendances of art galleries and museums per head of population—far more than Britain or America.
Many of Australia's performing arts companies receive funding through the federal government's Australia Council.
There is a symphony orchestra in each state, and a national opera company, Opera Australia, well-known for its famous soprano Joan Sutherland.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Nellie Melba was one of the world's leading opera singers.
Ballet and dance are represented by The Australian Ballet and various state companies.
Each state has a publicly funded theatre company.
Australian literature has also been influenced by the landscape; the works of writers such as Banjo Paterson, Henry Lawson, and Dorothea Mackellar captured the experience of the Australian bush.
The character of the nation's colonial past, as represented in early literature, is popular with modern Australians.
In 1973, Patrick White was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, the first Australian to have achieved this.
Australian winners of the Man Booker Prize have included Peter Carey and Thomas Keneally; David Williamson, David Malouf, and J. M. Coetzee, who recently became an Australian citizen, are also renowned writers, and Les Murray is regarded as "one of the leading poets of his generation".
Article: United States
Section: Energy

Question: What is the United States energy market?

The United States energy market is 29,000 terawatt hours per year.
Energy consumption per capita is 7.8 tons of oil equivalent per year, the 10th highest rate in the world.
In 2005, 40% of this energy came from petroleum, 23% from coal, and 22% from natural gas.
The remainder was supplied by nuclear power and renewable energy sources.
The United States is the world's largest consumer of petroleum.
For decades, nuclear power has played a limited role relative to many other developed countries, in part because of public perception in the wake of a 1979 accident.
In 2007, several applications for new nuclear plants were filed.
The United States has 27% of global coal reserves.
It is the world's largest producer of natural gas and crude oil.
Article: Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Section: Estonia – the first demonstrations

Question: Estonian youth demonstrated on what day?

In spring 1987, a protest movement arose against new phosphate mines in Estonia.
Signatures were collected and in Tartu, students assembled in the university's main hall to express their lack of confidence in the government.
At the 1st May 1987 demonstration, young people showed up bearing banners and slogans, despite a ban against such actions.
On 15 August 1987, former political prisoners formed the MRP-AEG group (Estonians for the Public Disclosure of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact), which was headed by Tiit Madisson.
In September 1987, the Edasi newspaper published a proposal by Edgar Savisaar, Siim Kallas, Tiit Made and Mikk Titma calling for Estonia to make the transition to autonomy.
Initially geared toward economic independence, then toward a certain amount of political autonomy, the project, Isemajandav Eesti (A Self-Managing Estonia) became known according to its Estonian acronym, IME, which means "miracle".
On 21 October, a demonstration dedicated to those who gave their lives in the 1918–1920 Estonian War of Independence took place in Võru, which culminated in a conflict with the militia.
For the first time in years, the blue, black and white national tricolor was publicly visible.
Article: Prison Break
Section: Season 2

Question: What federal agent was assigned to track down the 8 fugitives?

The second season begins eight hours after the escape, focusing mainly on the eight escapees.
Series creator Paul Scheuring describes the second season as ""The Fugitive" times eight" and likens it to the "second half of "The Great Escape"."
The fugitives split up and journey to locations across the country with the authorities close behind them as they each pursue their individual goals.
Brad Bellick (Wade Williams) gets fired from the prison where he worked as the main guard and chases after the inmates himself for the reward money.
Several of the escapees reunite in search of a large cache of money buried long ago by another Fox River inmate, Charles Westmoreland (Muse Watson).
Federal agent Alexander Mahone (William Fichtner) is assigned to track down and capture the eight fugitives, but is revealed to be working for The Company, which wants all eight men dead.
When Sara discovers her father, Governor Frank Tancredi (John Heard), has been killed, she meets with Michael, remaining with him as the brothers try to bring down now-President Reynolds, a Company member.
To ensure the brothers' safety, Sara allows herself to be arrested and faces trial.
During the trial, the testimony of former Secret Service agent Paul Kellerman (Paul Adelstein), who used to work for the Company-controlled President, exonerates Lincoln and Sara.
Half of the escapees are killed or recaptured, but the brothers make it to Panama.
Michael, T-Bag, Mahone, and Bellick are arrested by the Panamanian authorities and imprisoned at the Penitenciaría Federal de Sona.
Article: The Dark Knight Rises
Section: Shooting in Aurora, Colorado

Question: What date did the Aurora shooting happened on?

On July 20, 2012, during a midnight showing of the film at the Century 16 cinema in Aurora, Colorado, a gunman wearing a gas mask opened fire inside the theater, killing 12 people and injuring 58 others.
Police responding to the shooting apprehended a suspect, later identified as 24-year-old James Eagan Holmes, shortly after arriving on the scene.
At the time of his arrest, Holmes allegedly identified himself as the Joker to police.
Warner Bros. stated that it was deeply saddened by the shooting, and announced the cancellation of the Paris, Mexico, and Japan premieres of "The Dark Knight Rises", and suspended the marketing campaign for the film in Finland.
Several broadcast networks also suspended television ads for the film in the United States because of the tragedy.
The trailer for "Gangster Squad", another Warner Bros. movie which was included in the screening of "The Dark Knight Rises", has been removed as it contains a scene which shows gangsters shooting submachine guns at moviegoers through the screen, similar to the shooting in Aurora.
Director Christopher Nolan released a public statement calling the shooting "unbearably savage".
Other stars of the film released statements expressing their condolences, with star Christian Bale paying a personal visit to the survivors and the memorial in Aurora.