community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Volleyball
Section: Pass

Question: What are the 2 specific techniques in volleyball?

Also called reception, the pass is the attempt by a team to properly handle the opponent's serve, or any form of attack.
Proper handling includes not only preventing the ball from touching the court, but also making it reach the position where the setter is standing quickly and precisely.
The skill of passing involves fundamentally two specific techniques: underarm pass, or bump, where the ball touches the inside part of the joined forearms or platform, at waist line; and overhand pass, where it is handled with the fingertips, like a set, above the head.
Either are acceptable in professional and beach volleyball, however there are much tighter regulations on the overhand pass in beach volleyball.
Article: The Persistence of Memory
Section: Description

Question: What is The Persistence of Memory an image of?

The well-known surrealist piece introduced the image of the soft melting pocket watch.
It epitomizes Dalí's theory of "softness" and "hardness", which was central to his thinking at the time.
As Dawn Ades wrote, "The soft watches are an unconscious symbol of the relativity of space and time, a Surrealist meditation on the collapse of our notions of a fixed cosmic order".
This interpretation suggests that Dalí was incorporating an understanding of the world introduced by Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity.
Asked by Ilya Prigogine whether this was in fact the case, Dalí replied that the soft watches were not inspired by the theory of relativity, but by the surrealist perception of a Camembert cheese melting in the sun.
Although fundamentally part of Dalí's Freudian phase, the imagery precedes his transition to his scientific phase by fourteen years, which occurred after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.
It is possible to recognize a human figure in the middle of the composition, in the strange "monster" that Dalí used in several contemporary pieces to represent himself – the abstract form becoming something of a self-portrait, reappearing frequently in his work.
The orange clock at the bottom left of the painting is covered in ants.
Dalí often used ants in his paintings as a symbol of decay.
The figure in the middle of the picture can be read as a "fading" creature, one that often appears in dreams where the dreamer cannot pinpoint the creature's exact form and composition.
One can observe that the creature has one closed eye with several eyelashes, suggesting that the creature is also in a dream state.
The iconography may refer to a dream that Dalí himself had experienced, and the clocks may symbolize the passing of time as one experiences it in sleep or the persistence of time in the eyes of the dreamer .
"The Persistence of Memory" employs "the exactitude of realist painting techniques" to depict imagery more likely to be found in dreams than in waking consciousness.
Article: Jingle Bell Rock
Section: In popular culture

Question: Which computer game's DLC contains the song "Jingle Bell Rock" at the end?

 It is the opening theme from the 1987 film "Lethal Weapon".
 Dr. Teeth and The Electric Mayhem performed the song in the 1987 Christmas television special "A Muppet Family Christmas".
 Helms' original recording is featured in the film "Cookie" (1989).
 The song was covered in "The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!"
episode "Koopa Klaus" in 1989.
 The song was featured in the 1992 film "".
 "Jingle Bell Rock" is an animated Christmas special first seen in 1995 on ABC, which was produced by DIC Entertainment and featured Milton Berle as one of the voice actors.
In the Christmas special for "Sabrina, the Teenage Witch" in 1996, this song is performed when Sabrina and her aunts are looking for Salem, when he's kidnapped by a little boy.
 In the 2004 Lindsay Lohan comedy "Mean Girls", the song is performed by Cady Heron, Regina George, Gretchen Weiners and Karen Smith in their annual Christmas talent show.
 It was used in the 2008 Christmas episode of "Chuck".
 In a season 7 episode of "Two and a Half Men", Alan and Evelyn sing the song, as Charlie Harper plays the piano.
 In the fourth season Christmas episode of "Glee", the song is performed by Chord Overstreet in character as Sam Evans.
 The song was featured in the closing credits of "Getaway" (2013).
 The song is used in the ending of the ""How the Saints Save Christmas"" downloadable content for "Saints Row IV".
Article: Manhattan Project
Section: Centrifuges

Question: What year was the centrifuge process abandoned?

The centrifuge process was regarded as the only promising separation method in April 1942.
Jesse Beams had developed such a process at the University of Virginia during the 1930s, but had encountered technical difficulties.
The process required high rotational speeds, but at certain speeds harmonic vibrations developed that threatened to tear the machinery apart.
It was therefore necessary to accelerate quickly through these speeds.
In 1941 he began working with uranium hexafluoride, the only known gaseous compound of uranium, and was able to separate uranium-235.
At Columbia, Urey had Cohen investigate the process, and he produced a body of mathematical theory making it possible to design a centrifugal separation unit, which Westinghouse undertook to construct.
Scaling this up to a production plant presented a formidable technical challenge.
Urey and Cohen estimated that producing a kilogram (2.2 lb) of uranium-235 per day would require up to 50,000 centrifuges with rotors, or 10,000 centrifuges with rotors, assuming that 4-meter rotors could be built.
The prospect of keeping so many rotors operating continuously at high speed appeared daunting, and when Beams ran his experimental apparatus, he obtained only 60% of the predicted yield, indicating that more centrifuges would be required.
Beams, Urey and Cohen then began work on a series of improvements which promised to increase the efficiency of the process.
However, frequent failures of motors, shafts and bearings at high speeds delayed work on the pilot plant.
In November 1942 the centrifuge process was abandoned by the Military Policy Committee following a recommendation by Conant, Nichols and August C. Klein of Stone & Webster.
Article: Canada
Section: Geography

Question: What part of Canada is most densely populated?

Canada occupies a major northern portion of North America, sharing land borders with the contiguous United States to the south (the longest border between two countries in the world) and the US state of Alaska to the northwest.
Canada stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west; to the north lies the Arctic Ocean.
Greenland is to the northeast, while Saint Pierre and Miquelon is south of Newfoundland.
By total area (including its waters), Canada is the second-largest country in the world, after Russia.
By land area alone, Canada ranks fourth.
The country lies between latitudes 41° and 84°N, and longitudes 52° and 141°W.
Since 1925, Canada has claimed the portion of the Arctic between 60° and 141°W longitude, but this claim is not universally recognized.
Canada is home to the world's northernmost settlement, Canadian Forces Station Alert, on the northern tip of Ellesmere Island – latitude 82.5°N – which lies from the North Pole.
Much of the Canadian Arctic is covered by ice and permafrost.
Canada has the longest coastline in the world, with a total length of ; additionally, its border with the United States is the world's longest land border, stretching .
Since the end of the last glacial period, Canada has consisted of eight distinct forest regions, including extensive boreal forest on the Canadian Shield.
Canada has around 31,700 large lakes, more than any other country, containing much of the world's fresh water.
There are also fresh-water glaciers in the Canadian Rockies and the Coast Mountains.
Canada is geologically active, having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes, notably Mount Meager, Mount Garibaldi, Mount Cayley, and the Mount Edziza volcanic complex.
The volcanic eruption of the Tseax Cone in 1775 was among Canada's worst natural disasters, killing 2,000 Nisga'a people and destroying their village in the Nass River valley of northern British Columbia.
The eruption produced a lava flow, and, according to Nisga'a legend, blocked the flow of the Nass River.
Canada's population density, at , is among the lowest in the world.
The most densely populated part of the country is the Quebec City – Windsor Corridor, situated in Southern Quebec and Southern Ontario along the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River.
Average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary from region to region.
Winters can be harsh in many parts of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, which experience a continental climate, where daily average temperatures are near −15 °C (5 °F), but can drop below with severe wind chills.
In noncoastal regions, snow can cover the ground for almost six months of the year, while in parts of the north snow can persist year-round.
Coastal British Columbia has a temperate climate, with a mild and rainy winter.
On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s °C (70s °F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from , with temperatures in some interior locations occasionally exceeding .
Article: Gangnam Style
Section: Production

Question: How old is Hwang Min-woo?

The music video is directed by Cho Soo-hyun, who also directed the MV for Psy's follow-up single "Gentleman" and the MV for "This Love" by Shinhwa.
It shows Psy performing a comical horse-riding dance and appearing in unexpected locations around the Gangnam District, such as an outdoor yoga session and a hot tub.
He wears several distinctive suits and black sunglasses with a mindset of "dress classy and dance cheesy".
It features a "skewering the Gangnam image" by the "non-Gangnam Psy"; this parody would be recognizable to viewers familiar with Korean culture.
Although there are more than ten different locations featured, only two of the scenes are actually filmed in the Gangnam district.
The sauna scene, elevator scene and bathroom scene were filmed elsewhere in the greater Seoul region, and some shots were filmed in World Trade Center Seoul and the Songdo International Business District, which includes Songdo Central Park and International Business District Station.
The video was shot over 48 hours in July 2012.
In K-pop, it is routine to have cameos by celebrities in a music video, such as in the dance scenes in the elevator and the parking garage.
The guests in the music video include:
 4Minute member Hyuna, who dances in the subway car and attracts Psy's attention.
 Big Bang members Daesung and Seungri, who play two old men playing a board game in the park; they dive from the park bench after the explosion.
 Hwang Min-woo, a 7-year-old boy who dances at the beginning of the video.
During an interview with CNN, Psy stated that "the night before the music video shoot, I was watching "Korea's Got Talent" and saw him dance to Michael Jackson.
His moves were ridiculous.
So we called him up and asked him to be in the music video, which was shooting the very next day, and he came and it all worked out."
He has been praised for his eye-catching dance moves that have received a lot of attention from viewers.
 Comedian/television personality Korea's Nation emcee Yoo Jae-suk, who engages in a dance duel with Psy.
 Comedian/television personality Noh Hongchul, who does his trademark pelvis-thrusting dance in an elevator while Psy raps underneath him.
The music was composed by Psy and Yoo Gun-hyung, a producer in South Korea who has also collaborated with Psy in the past.
Yoo also arranged the song while Psy was responsible for the lyrics.
Article: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Section: Events on the ground_1

Question: What is the amount of Australian POWs that were in Nagasaki?

Events on the ground.
Although the bomb was more powerful than the one used on Hiroshima, the effect was confined by hillsides to the narrow Urakami Valley.
Of 7,500 Japanese employees who worked inside the Mitsubishi Munitions plant, including mobilized students and regular workers, 6,200 were killed.
Some 17,000–22,000 others who worked in other war plants and factories in the city died as well.
Casualty estimates for immediate deaths range from 40,000 to 75,000.
Total deaths by the end of 1945 may have reached 80,000.
Unlike Hiroshima's military death toll, only 150 soldiers were killed instantly, including thirty-six from the IJA 134th AAA Regiment of the 4th AAA Division.
At least eight known POWs died from the bombing and as many as 13 may have died, including a British citizen, Royal Air Force Corporal Ronald Shaw, and seven Dutch POWs.
One American POW, Joe Kieyoomia, was in Nagasaki at the time of the bombing but survived, reportedly having been shielded from the effects of the bomb by the concrete walls of his cell.
There were 24 Australian POWs in Nagasaki, all of whom survived.
The radius of total destruction was about , followed by fires across the northern portion of the city to south of the bomb.
About 58% of the Mitsubishi Arms Plant was damaged, and about 78% of the Mitsubishi Steel Works.
The Mitsubishi Electric Works only suffered 10% structural damage as it was on the border of the main destruction zone.
The Mitsubishi-Urakami Ordnance Works, the factory that manufactured the type 91 torpedoes released in the attack on Pearl Harbor, was destroyed in the blast.
Article: Turkey
Section: Prehistory of Anatolia and Eastern Thrace

Question: Where is the hypothetical center from which the Indo-European languages radiated?

Prehistory of Anatolia and Eastern Thrace.
The Anatolian peninsula, comprising most of modern Turkey, is one of the oldest permanently settled regions in the world.
Various Ancient Anatolian populations have lived in Anatolia, beginning with the Neolithic period until conquest of Alexander the Great.
Many of these peoples spoke the Anatolian languages, a branch of the larger Indo-European language family.
In fact, given the antiquity of the Indo-European Hittite and Luwian languages, some scholars have proposed Anatolia as the hypothetical center from which the Indo-European languages radiated.
European part of Turkey, called Eastern Thrace, has also been inhabited since forty thousand years ago, and is known to have been in the Neolithic era by about 6000 B.C.
with its inhabitants starting the practice of agriculture.Göbekli Tepe is the site of the oldest known man-made religious structure, a temple dating to 10,000 BC, while Çatalhöyük is a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic settlement in southern Anatolia, which existed from approximately 7500 BCE to 5700 BCE.
It is the largest and best-preserved Neolithic site found to date and in July 2012 was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The settlement of Troy started in the Neolithic Age and continued into the Iron Age.
The earliest recorded inhabitants of Anatolia were the Hattians and Hurrians, non-Indo-European peoples who inhabited central and eastern Anatolia, respectively, as early as ca.
2300 BC.
Indo-European Hittites came to Anatolia and gradually absorbed the Hattians and Hurrians ca.
2000–1700 BC.
The first major empire in the area was founded by the Hittites, from the eighteenth through the 13th century BC.
The Assyrians conquered and settled parts of southeastern Turkey as early as 1950 BC until the year 612 BC.
Following the collapse of the Hittite empire c. 1180 BC, the Phrygians, an Indo-European people, achieved ascendancy in Anatolia until their kingdom was destroyed by the Cimmerians in the 7th century BC.
The most powerful of Phrygia's successor states were Lydia, Caria and Lycia.
Article: Battle of Hastings
Section: English army and Harold's preparations

Question: How was the English army organized?

The English army was organised along regional lines, with the "fyrd", or local levy, serving under a local magnate – whether an earl, bishop, or sheriff.
The "fyrd" was composed of men who owned their own land, and were equipped by their community to fulfil the king's demands for military forces.
For every five hides, or units of land nominally capable of supporting one household, one man was supposed to serve.
It appears that the hundred was the main organising unit for the "fyrd".
As a whole, England could furnish about 14,000 men for the "fyrd", when it was called out.
The "fyrd" usually served for two months, except in emergencies.
It was rare for the whole national "fyrd" to be called out; between 1046 and 1065 it was only done three times, in 1051, 1052, and 1065.
The king also had a group of personal armsmen, known as housecarls, who formed the backbone of the royal forces.
Some earls also had their own forces of housecarls.
Thegns, the local landowning elites, fought either with the royal housecarls or attached themselves to the forces of an earl or other magnate.
The "fyrd" and the housecarls both fought on foot, with the major difference between them being the housecarl's superior armour.
The English army does not appear to have had a significant number of archers.
Harold had spent mid-1066 on the south coast with a large army and fleet waiting for William to invade.
The bulk of his forces were militia who needed to harvest their crops, so on 8 September Harold dismissed the militia and the fleet.
Learning of the Norwegian invasion he rushed north, gathering forces as he went, and took the Norwegians by surprise, defeating them at the Battle of Stamford Bridge on 25 September.
Harald of Norway and Tostig were killed, and the Norwegians suffered such great losses that only 24 of the original 300 ships were required to carry away the survivors.
The English victory came at great cost, as Harold's army was left in a battered and weakened state.
Article: Breaking Bad
Section: Season 3 (2010)

Question: Walter told Jesse to kill who?

Season 3 (2010).
On April 2, 2009, AMC announced that "Breaking Bad" was renewed for a third, 13-episode season.
It premiered on March 21, 2010, and concluded on June 13, 2010.
The complete third season was released on Region 1 DVD and Region A Blu-ray on June 7, 2011.
Walter wishes to reunite his family, but Skyler is still suspicious of Walter's second life.
Walter believes he can mend the tension between them by confessing to her that he has been producing meth.
Skyler is appalled by the confession and demands a formal divorce.
Meanwhile, Gus offers to pay Walter US$3M for three months of his service.
He even offers to provide Walter with a state-of-the-art production facility and a brilliant lab assistant, Gale (David Costabile).
Jesse is continuing to produce and sell meth by himself.
Hank is working with the DEA to investigate Jesse and is slowly gathering evidence to make an arrest.
Jesse threatens to report Walter to the police if he is arrested, but Walter offers him Gale's position at the lab.
After obtaining the position, Jesse begins stealing meth from the lab and selling it in secret on the side.
Jesse gets romantically involved with a woman he meets in his rehab group and learns her kid brother, age 11, was put up by Gus and his street dealers to kill Combo.
Jesse decides to avenge Combo.
Walter aids Jesse in escaping from Gus's wrath.
Gus begins to lose trust in Walter and asks Gale to take over the lab.
He orders his henchmen to kill Walter and Jesse.
After he is abducted by the henchmen, Walter instructs Jesse over the phone to kill Gale in order to force Gus not to kill Walter (and, by extension, Jesse) lest he eliminate his only remaining trained chemist.
Article: Peking duck
Section: Serving

Question: What can the remaining fat, meat, and bones be made into?

The cooked Peking Duck is traditionally carved in front of the diners and served in three stages.
First, the skin is served dipped in sugar and garlic sauce.
The meat is then served with steamed pancakes (), spring onions and sweet bean sauce.
Several vegetable dishes are provided to accompany the meat, typically cucumbersticks.
The diners spread sauce, and optionally sugar, over the pancake.
The pancake is wrapped around the meat with the vegetables and eaten by hand.
The remaining fat, meat and bones may be made into a broth, served as is, or the meat chopped up and stir fried with sweet bean sauce.
Otherwise, they are packed up to be taken home by the customers.
Article: Cloning
Section: Horticultural

Question: What living things have been scientifically cloned?

The term "clone" is used in horticulture to refer to descendants of a single plant which were produced by vegetative reproduction or apomixis.
Many horticultural plant cultivars are clones, having been derived from a single individual, multiplied by some process other than sexual reproduction.
As an example, some European cultivars of grapes represent clones that have been propagated for over two millennia.
Other examples are potato and banana.
Grafting can be regarded as cloning, since all the shoots and branches coming from the graft are genetically a clone of a single individual, but this particular kind of cloning has not come under ethical scrutiny and is generally treated as an entirely different kind of operation.
Many trees, shrubs, vines, ferns and other herbaceous perennials form clonal colonies naturally.
Parts of an individual plant may become detached by fragmentation and grow on to become separate clonal individuals.
A common example is in the vegetative reproduction of moss and liverwort gametophyte clones by means of gemmae.
Some vascular plants e.g.
dandelion and certain viviparous grasses also form seeds asexually, termed apomixis, resulting in clonal populations of genetically identical individuals.
Article: Curling
Section: Curling culture

Question: Where does the sport of curling take place at?

 culture.
Competition teams are normally named after the skip, for example, Team Martin after skip Kevin Martin.
Amateur league players can (and do) creatively name their teams, but when in competition (a bonspiel) the official team will have a standard name.
Top curling championships are typically played by all-male or all-female teams.
The game is known as mixed curling when a team consists of two men and two women.
The Canadian Mixed Curling Championship is the highest-level mixed curling competition, in the absence of world championship or Olympic mixed curling events.
Curling tournaments may use the Schenkel system for determining the participants in matches.
Curling is played in many countries, including Canada, the United Kingdom (especially Scotland), the United States, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Denmark, Finland and Japan, all of which compete in the world championships.
Curling is particularly popular in Canada.
Improvements in ice making and changes in the rules to increase scoring and promote complex strategy have increased the already high popularity of the sport in Canada, and large television audiences watch annual curling telecasts, especially the Scotties Tournament of Hearts (the national championship for women), the Tim Hortons Brier (the national championship for men), and the women's and men's world championships.
Despite the Canadian province of Manitoba's small population (ranked 5th of 10 Canadian provinces), Manitoban teams have won the Brier more times than teams from any other province.
The Tournament of Hearts and the Brier are contested by provincial and territorial champions, and the world championships by national champions.
Curling is the provincial sport of Saskatchewan.
From there Ernie Richardson and his family team dominated Canadian and international curling during the late 1950s and early 1960s and have been considered to be the best male curlers of all time.
Sandra Schmirler led her team to the first ever gold medal in women's curling in the 1998 Winter Olympics.
When she died two years later from cancer, over 15,000 people attended her funeral, and it was broadcast on national television.