community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Stonehenge
Section: Function and construction

Question: When was the Amesbury Archer buried?

Stonehenge was produced by a culture that left no written records.
Many aspects of Stonehenge remain subject to debate.
This multiplicity of theories, some of them very colourful, are often called the "mystery of Stonehenge".
A number of myths surround the stones.
There is little or no direct evidence for the construction techniques used by the Stonehenge builders.
Over the years, various authors have suggested that supernatural or anachronistic methods were used, usually asserting that the stones were impossible to move otherwise.
However, conventional techniques, using Neolithic technology as basic as shear legs, have been demonstrably effective at moving and placing stones of a similar size.
Proposed functions for the site include usage as an astronomical observatory or as a religious site.
More recently two major new theories have been proposed.
Professor Geoffrey Wainwright OBE, FSA, president of the Society of Antiquaries of London, and Professor Timothy Darvill, OBE of Bournemouth University have suggested that Stonehenge was a place of healing – the primeval equivalent of Lourdes.
They argue that this accounts for the high number of burials in the area and for the evidence of trauma deformity in some of the graves.
However they do concede that the site was probably multifunctional and used for ancestor worship as well.
Isotope analysis indicates that some of the buried individuals were from other regions.
A teenage boy buried approximately 1550 BC was raised near the Mediterranean Sea; a metal worker from 2300 BC dubbed the "Amesbury Archer" grew up near the alpine foothills of Germany; and the "Boscombe Bowmen" probably arrived from Wales or Brittany, France.
On the other hand, Professor Mike Parker Pearson of Sheffield University has suggested that Stonehenge was part of a ritual landscape and was joined to Durrington Walls by their corresponding avenues and the River Avon.
He suggests that the area around Durrington Walls Henge was a place of the living, whilst Stonehenge was a domain of the dead.
A journey along the Avon to reach Stonehenge was part of a ritual passage from life to death, to celebrate past ancestors and the recently deceased.
Both explanations were first mooted in the 12th century by Geoffrey of Monmouth (below), who extolled the curative properties of the stones and was also the first to advance the idea that Stonehenge was constructed as a funerary monument.
Whatever religious, mystical or spiritual elements were central to Stonehenge, its design includes a celestial observatory function, which might have allowed prediction of eclipse, solstice, equinox and other celestial events important to a contemporary religion.
Another theory, brought forth in 2012, suggests that the monument was intended to unify the different peoples of the British island.
This theory suggests that the massive amount of labour involved in the construction of Stonehenge necessitated inter-regional cooperation, especially as many of the stones were moved over very long distances, for example from quarries in Wales.
Article: Sexy and I Know It
Section: Track listing

Question: How long is the MADEin82 remix of "Sexy and I Know It"?

;CD single
"Sexy and I Know It" (album version) – 3:19
"Sexy and I Know It" (Mord Fustang) – 5:21
;Digital download
"Sexy and I Know It" (Audiobot Remix) – 5:55
"Sexy and I Know It" (Mord Fustang) – 5:19
"Sexy and I Know It" (Tomba and Borgore Remix) – 3:41
"Sexy and I Know It" (LA Riots Remix) – 5:40
"Sexy and I Know It" (DallasK Remix) – 5:42
"Sexy and I Know It" (Fuego's Moombahton Remix) – 3:51
"Sexy and I Know It" (MADEin82 Remix) – 6:01
Article: Sunflowers (Van Gogh series)
Section: Sunflowers, friendship and gratitude

Question: Who was Van Gogh writing when he wrote: "It is a kind of painting that rather changes in character, and takes on a richness the longer you look at it."?

Van Gogh began painting in late summer 1888 and continued into the following year.
One went to decorate his friend Paul Gauguin's bedroom.
The paintings show sunflowers in all stages of life, from full bloom to withering.
The paintings were considered innovative for their use of the yellow spectrum, partly because newly invented pigments made new colours possible.
In a letter to his brother Theo, Van Gogh wrote: "It is a kind of painting that rather changes in character, and takes on a richness the longer you look at it.
Besides, you know, Gauguin likes them extraordinarily.
He said to me among other things - 'That...it's...the flower.'
You know that the peony is Jeannin's, the hollyhock belongs to Quost, but the sunflower is somewhat my own."
Article: The Matrix
Section: Sound effects and music

Question: What individual was responsible for creating the sound effects for the movie The Matrix?

Dane A. Davis was responsible for creating the sound effects for the film.
The fight scenes sound effects, such as the whipping sounds of punches, came from using junk to create noises and capturing them, then editing the sounds.
The sound of the pod containing a human baby closing required almost fifty sounds put together.
The film's score was composed by Don Davis.
He noted that mirrors appear frequently in the film: reflections of the blue and red pills are seen in Morpheus's glasses; Neo's capture by Agents is viewed through the rear-view mirror of Trinity's Triumph Speed Triple motorcycle; Neo observes a broken mirror mending itself; reflections warp as a spoon is bent; the reflection of a helicopter is visible as it approaches a skyscraper.
Davis focused on this theme of reflections when creating his score, alternating between sections of the orchestra and attempting to incorporate contrapuntal ideas.
Davis' score combines orchestral, choral and synthesizer elements; the balance between these elements varies depending on whether humans or machines are the dominant subject of a given scene.
In addition to Davis' score, "The Matrix" soundtrack also features music from acts such as Rammstein, Rob Dougan, Rage Against the Machine, Propellerheads, Ministry, Deftones, Monster Magnet, The Prodigy, Rob Zombie, Meat Beat Manifesto, and Marilyn Manson.
Article: Six Flags
Section: Growth and acquisitions

Question: When was the original park sold?

The original park, in Arlington (between Dallas and Fort Worth) was sold in 1966 to a subsidiary of the Pennsylvania Railroad, which was actively pursuing non-railroad investments in an effort to diversify its sources of income.
(In 1968, the Pennsylvania Railroad merged with the New York Central Railroad to form Penn Central Corp.) With the new owners came a more abundant supply of capital for geographic expansion and park additions.
Six Flags opened Six Flags Over Georgia in 1967 and Six Flags Over Mid-America in 1971, which would, along with Six Flags Over Texas, be the only three parks that would be constructed by the company.
The company continued to grow by acquiring independent parks.
Six Flags purchased AstroWorld in Houston, Texas in 1975, Great Adventure in Jackson, New Jersey in 1977 and Magic Mountain in Valencia, California in 1979.
These purchases were followed by Penn Central selling assets to Bally Manufacturing in 1982.
In 1984, the Great America theme park in Gurnee, Illinois was acquired from the Marriott hotel chain.
Also in 1984, as a result of its acquisition of Great America, Six Flags acquired the rights to Time Warner/Warner Bros.' "Looney Tunes" animated characters for use in Six Flags properties.
Bally surrendered control of the chain to Wesray Capital Corporation in a 1987 leveraged buyout.
Time Warner quickly began to gain more leverage in the company, gaining a 19.5% stake in Six Flags in 1990 and then 50% in 1991, with the remaining shares of the company being split by Blackstone Group and Wertheim Schroder & Company.
Time Warner purchased the remaining stake in Six Flags in 1993, changing the company's name from "Six Flags Corp".
to "Six Flags Theme Parks, Inc".
In 1996, Six Flags began to manage Fiesta Texas theme park in San Antonio, Texas and purchased the park from USAA in 1998.
Article: Ski jumping
Section: Abstract

Question: What kind of points are awarded for technique?

Ski jumping is a sport in which skiers go down a take-off ramp, jump, and attempt to fly as far as possible.
Judges award points for technique (often referred to as style points).
The skis used for ski jumping are wide and long ().
Ski jumping is predominantly a winter sport, performed on snow, and is part of the Winter Olympic Games, but can also be performed in summer on artificial surfaces – porcelain or frost rail track on the inrun, plastic on the landing hill.
Ski jumping belongs to the Nordic type of competitive skiing.
Article: Andy Warhol
Section: Foundation

Question: Who is the Warhol digital images manager?

Warhol's will dictated that his entire estate — with the exception of a few modest legacies to family members — would go to create a foundation dedicated to the "advancement of the visual arts".
Warhol had so many possessions that it took Sotheby's nine days to auction his estate after his death; the auction grossed more than US$20 million.
In 1987, in accordance with Warhol's will, the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts began.
The foundation serves as the estate of Andy Warhol, but also has a mission "to foster innovative artistic expression and the creative process" and is "focused primarily on supporting work of a challenging and often experimental nature.
"The Artists Rights Society is the U.S. copyright representative for the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts for all Warhol works with the exception of Warhol film stills.
The U.S. copyright representative for Warhol film stills is the Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh.
Additionally, the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts has agreements in place for its image archive.
All digital images of Warhol are exclusively managed by Corbis, while all transparency images of Warhol are managed by Art Resource.
The Andy Warhol Foundation released its "20th Anniversary Annual Report" as a three-volume set in 2007: Vol.
I, 1987–2007; Vol.
II, Grants & Exhibitions; and Vol.
III, Legacy Program.
The Foundation remains one of the largest grant-giving organizations for the visual arts in the U.S.
Article: Balkan Wars
Section: Young Turk revolution

Question: What year was the province of Bosnia and Herzegovina Annexed by Austria Hungary

It is no surprise that the "Young Turk" revolution occurred in the troubled European provinces of the Empire.
There the threat to its integrity was the most pronounced, and the need for reforms was most evident.
When the revolt broke out, it was supported by intellectuals, the army, and almost all the ethnic minorities of the Empire, and forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II to re-adopt the long defunct Ottoman constitution of 1876, ushering in the Second Constitutional Era.
Hopes were raised among the Balkan ethnicities of reforms and autonomy, and elections were held to form a representative, multi-ethnic, Ottoman parliament.
However, following the Sultan's attempted counter-coup, the liberal element of the Young Turks was sidelined and the nationalist element became dominant.
At the same time, in October 1908, Austria-Hungary seized the opportunity of the Ottoman political upheaval to annex the "de jure" Ottoman province of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which it had occupied since 1878 (see "Bosnian Crisis"), and Bulgaria declared itself a fully independent kingdom.
The Greeks of the autonomous Cretan State proclaimed unification with Greece, though the opposition of the Great Powers prevented the latter action from taking practical effect.
Article: Football
Section: Official disapproval and attempts to ban football

Question: When did Scotland pass the Football Act?

Numerous attempts have been made to ban football games, particularly the most rowdy and disruptive forms.
This was especially the case in England and in other parts of Europe, during the Middle Ages and early modern period.
Between 1324 and 1667, football was banned in England alone by more than 30 royal and local laws.
The need to repeatedly proclaim such laws demonstrated the difficulty in enforcing bans on popular games.
King Edward II was so troubled by the unruliness of football in London that on April 13, 1314 he issued a proclamation banning it: "Forasmuch as there is great noise in the city caused by hustling over large balls from which many evils may arise which God forbid; we command and forbid, on behalf of the King, on pain of imprisonment, such game to be used in the city in the future.
"The reasons for the ban by Edward III, on June 12, 1349, were explicit: football and other recreations distracted the populace from practicing archery, which was necessary for war.
In 1424, the Parliament of Scotland passed a Football Act that stated "it is statut and the king forbiddis that na man play at the fut ball under the payne of iiij d" – in other words, playing football was made illegal, and punishable by a fine of four pence.
By 1608, the local authorities in Manchester were complaining that: "With the ffotebale...hath beene greate disorder in our towne of Manchester we are told, and glasse windowes broken yearlye and spoyled by a companie of lewd and disordered persons ..." That same year, the word"football" was used disapprovingly by William Shakespeare.
Shakespeare's play "King Lear" contains the line: "Nor tripped neither, you base football player" (Act I, Scene 4).
Shakespeare also mentions the game in "A Comedy of Errors" (Act II, Scene 1):"Spurn" literally means "to kick away", thus implying that the game involved kicking a ball between players.
King James I of England's "Book of Sports" (1618) however, instructs Christians to play at football every Sunday afternoon after worship.
The book's aim appears to be an attempt to offset the strictness of the Puritans regarding the keeping of the Sabbath.
Article: Inside Llewyn Davis
Section: Production

Question: How much did CBS Films pay for the domestic distribution rights of Inside Llewyn Davis?

Set in 1961, "Inside Llewyn Davis" was inspired by the cultural disconnection within a New York–based music scene where the songs seemed to come from all parts of the United States except New York, but whose performers included Brooklyn-born Dave Van Ronk and Ramblin' Jack Elliott.
Well before writing the script, the Coens began with a single premise: suppose Van Ronk got beat up outside of Gerde's Folk City in the Village.
The filmmakers employed that idea in the opening scenes, then periodically returned to the project over the next couple of years to expand the story around a fictional character.
One source for the film was Van Ronk's posthumously published (2005) memoir, "The Mayor of MacDougal Street."
According to the book's co-author, Elijah Wald, the Coens mined the work "for local color and a few scenes."
The character is a composite of Van Ronk, Elliot, and other performers from the New York boroughs who performed in the Village at that time.
Joel Coen remarked that "the film doesn't really have a plot.
That concerned us at one point; that's why we threw the cat in.
"Shooting was complicated by an early New York spring, which interfered with the bleak winter atmosphere that prevails throughout the film, and by the difficulty of filming several cats, who, unlike dogs, ignore the desires of filmmakers.
On the advice of an animal trainer, the Coens put out a casting call for an orange tabby cat, which is sufficiently common that several cats would be available to play one part.
Individual cats were then selected for each scene based on what they were predisposed to do on their own.
Producer Scott Rudin, who worked with the Coens on "True Grit" and "No Country for Old Men", collaborated on the project.
StudioCanal helped finance it without an American distributor in place.
"After shooting in New York City and elsewhere last year...the brothers finished the movie at their own pace", wrote Michael Cieply in a January 2013 "The New York Times" interview with Joel Coen ahead of a private, pre-Grammys screening in Los Angeles.
"They could have rushed it into the Oscar season but didn’t."
On February 19, CBS Films announced it had picked up the U.S. domestic distribution rights for about $4 million.
StudioCanal has rights to international distribution and foreign sales.
Article: Racquetball
Section: Game variations

Question: What is the number of players that can play racquetball at once?

Racquetball games can be played with two, three or four players, with doubles or singles matches being most common.
Two player games are called singles or "one-up" (one vs. one for the entire game), while four player games are doubles with two pairs playing against each other (two vs. two for the entire game).
Tournament competitions have divisions for singles or doubles or both.
Three-player games are most commonly called "Cut-throat" and sometimes "Ironman" (two-on-one for the entire game) where each player takes turns serving to the other two, who play as a team against the serving player.
Another three-player game is "California", "In-and-Out", or "King of the Court" where play is 1 vs. 1 with the third player remaining in the back court out of play while the other two play a rally; the rally winner then serves to the player who was sitting out, and the rally loser stays out of play.
Another three-player variation is "Sevens" in which one player plays against two players as a team, with the game being played to seven points; if the two player team gets to seven first, the game is over, but if the solo player gets to seven first then the game continues to 14; if the solo player again reaches 14 first, then the game continues to 21, where the game ends regardless of whether the solo player or the two player team reach 21 first.
Article: Finland
Section: Public policy

Question: How was Finland ranked in the World Economic Forum 2008 Index?

Finnish politicians have often emulated other Nordics and the Nordic model.
Nordics have been free-trading and relatively welcoming to skilled migrants for over a century, though in Finland immigration is relatively new.
The level of protection in commodity trade has been low, except for agricultural products.
Finland has top levels of economic freedom in many areas.
Finland is ranked 16th in the 2008 global Index of Economic Freedom and 9th in Europe.
While the manufacturing sector is thriving, the OECD points out that the service sector would benefit substantially from policy improvements.
The 2007 IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook ranked Finland 17th most competitive.
The World Economic Forum 2008 index ranked Finland the 6th most competitive.
In both indicators, Finland's performance was next to Germany, and significantly higher than most European countries.
In the Business competitiveness index 2007–2008 Finland ranked third in the world.
Economists attribute much growth to reforms in the product markets.
According to the OECD, only four EU-15 countries have less regulated product markets (UK, Ireland, Denmark and Sweden) and only one has less regulated financial markets (Denmark).
Nordic countries were pioneers in liberalizing energy, postal, and other markets in Europe.
The legal system is clear and business bureaucracy less than most countries.
Property rights are well protected and contractual agreements are strictly honoured.
Finland is rated the least corrupted country in the world in the Corruption Perceptions Index and 13th in the Ease of Doing Business Index.
This indicates exceptional ease in cross-border trading (5th), contract enforcement (7th), business closure (5th), tax payment (83rd) and low worker hardship (127th).
Finnish law forces all workers to obey the national contracts that are drafted every few years for each profession and seniority level.
The agreement becomes universally enforceable provided that more than 50% of the employees support it, in practice by being a member of a relevant trade union.
The unionization rate is high (70%), especially in the middle class (AKAVA—80%).
A lack of a national agreement in an industry is considered an exception.
Article: Wide Awake (Katy Perry song)
Section: Lyric video

Question: Who was it that commented on the video, that was an employee of AOL Music?

A lyric video of the track was released on May 20, 2012, when Perry was set to premiere the song at the 2012 Billboard Music Awards.
The video implemented the use of the Facebook timeline and displayed a range of posts about the release of the album "Teenage Dream", the seven singles from "California Gurls" to "Part of Me", and the various achievements for the singles and the album.
The lyric video received positive reviews from critics with many praising Perry's different approach to lyric videos on YouTube.
Contessa Gayles from AOL Music commented that the video "is practically a music video in itself".
Jenna Rubenstein from MTV Buzzworthty stated, "it's a clever and emotional way to recall her past successes and offer fans some closure on this chapter of the Katy Perry journey."
Article: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)
Section: Tributes

Question: Who was the first star to be remembered in a tribute song in Dancing with the Stars' season 9?

In seasons nine and ten, three tribute performances have been done in honour of some people.
The first was a tribute to recently deceased actor Patrick Swayze, on Sep 23, 2009.
"She's Like the Wind" from the "Dirty Dancing" soundtrack (originally written by Swayze for his film "Grandview USA"), "Unchained Melody" from his film "Ghost", and "(I've had) the Time of my Life" from "Dirty Dancing" were performed by select professional dancers of the Show.
On October 20, 2009, a tribute was done for singer and dancer, Michael Jackson.
"I Want You Back", "Man in the Mirror" and "Thriller" were performed—the first two by select professional dancers of the show, and all coming together for "Thriller".
In season ten, Professional Haitian dancers performed as a tribute to victims of the 2010 Haiti earthquake on March 30, 2010.
One of the male dancers had lost his son in the rubble.
They were dancing to "Dance Like This" by Wyclef Jean.
In season seventeen, in week eight, all dance numbers were done to guest judge Cher's hit songs.
She also performed live "Believe" and her newest single "I Hope You Find It" from her recent album "Closer to the Truth", after an eleven-year hiatus.
Article: NASA
Section: Medicine in space

Question: What is one of the medical studies being conducted in space by the National Space Biomedical Research Institute?

Scientific research.
Medicine in space.
A variety of large-scale medical studies are being conducted in space by the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI).
Prominent among these is the Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity Study, in which astronauts (including former ISS Commanders Leroy Chiao and Gennady Padalka) perform ultrasound scans under the guidance of remote experts to diagnose and potentially treat hundreds of medical conditions in space.
Usually there is no physician on board the International Space Station, and diagnosis of medical conditions is challenging.
Astronauts are susceptible to a variety of health risks including decompression sickness, barotrauma, immunodeficiencies, loss of bone and muscle, orthostatic intolerance due to volume loss, sleep disturbances, and radiation injury.
Ultrasound offers a unique opportunity to monitor these conditions in space.
This study's techniques are now being applied to cover professional and Olympic sports injuries as well as ultrasound performed by non-expert operators in populations such as medical and high school students.
It is anticipated that remote guided ultrasound will have application on Earth in emergency and rural care situations, where access to a trained physician is often rare.