community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Canada
Section: Geography

Question: What is the climate like in british columbia?

Canada occupies a major northern portion of North America, sharing land borders with the contiguous United States to the south (the longest border between two countries in the world) and the US state of Alaska to the northwest.
Canada stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west; to the north lies the Arctic Ocean.
Greenland is to the northeast, while Saint Pierre and Miquelon is south of Newfoundland.
By total area (including its waters), Canada is the second-largest country in the world, after Russia.
By land area alone, Canada ranks fourth.
The country lies between latitudes 41° and 84°N, and longitudes 52° and 141°W.
Since 1925, Canada has claimed the portion of the Arctic between 60° and 141°W longitude, but this claim is not universally recognized.
Canada is home to the world's northernmost settlement, Canadian Forces Station Alert, on the northern tip of Ellesmere Island – latitude 82.5°N – which lies from the North Pole.
Much of the Canadian Arctic is covered by ice and permafrost.
Canada has the longest coastline in the world, with a total length of ; additionally, its border with the United States is the world's longest land border, stretching .
Since the end of the last glacial period, Canada has consisted of eight distinct forest regions, including extensive boreal forest on the Canadian Shield.
Canada has around 31,700 large lakes, more than any other country, containing much of the world's fresh water.
There are also fresh-water glaciers in the Canadian Rockies and the Coast Mountains.
Canada is geologically active, having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes, notably Mount Meager, Mount Garibaldi, Mount Cayley, and the Mount Edziza volcanic complex.
The volcanic eruption of the Tseax Cone in 1775 was among Canada's worst natural disasters, killing 2,000 Nisga'a people and destroying their village in the Nass River valley of northern British Columbia.
The eruption produced a lava flow, and, according to Nisga'a legend, blocked the flow of the Nass River.
Canada's population density, at , is among the lowest in the world.
The most densely populated part of the country is the Quebec City – Windsor Corridor, situated in Southern Quebec and Southern Ontario along the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River.
Average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary from region to region.
Winters can be harsh in many parts of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, which experience a continental climate, where daily average temperatures are near −15 °C (5 °F), but can drop below with severe wind chills.
In noncoastal regions, snow can cover the ground for almost six months of the year, while in parts of the north snow can persist year-round.
Coastal British Columbia has a temperate climate, with a mild and rainy winter.
On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s °C (70s °F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from , with temperatures in some interior locations occasionally exceeding .
Article: Nebula
Section: Planetary nebulae

Question: What will happen to most hydrogen in HII regions?

Planetary nebulae form from the gaseous shells that are ejected from low-mass asymptotic giant branch stars when they transform into white dwarfs.
They are emission nebulae with spectra similar to those of emission nebulae found in star formation regions.
Technically they are HII regions, because most hydrogen will be ionized, but they are denser and more compact than the nebulae in star formation regions.
Planetary nebulae were given their name by the first astronomical observers who became able to distinguish them from planets, who tended to confuse them with planets, of more interest to them.
Our Sun is expected to spawn a planetary nebula about 12 billion years after its formation.
Article: National Air and Space Museum
Section: Abstract

Question: When did the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center open?

The National Air and Space Museum (NASM) of the Smithsonian Institution holds the largest collection of historic aircraft and spacecraft in the world in of exhibition floor space.
It was established in 1946, as the National Air Museum and opened its main building in 1976.
Located in Washington, D.C., United States, it is a center for research into the history and science of aviation and spaceflight, as well as planetary science and terrestrial geology and geophysics.
Almost all space and aircraft on display are originals or backups to the originals.
It operates an annex, the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, at Dulles International Airport, which opened in 2003 and itself encompasses .
The museum currently conducts restoration of its collection at the Paul E. Garber Preservation, Restoration, and Storage Facility in Suitland, Maryland.
Article: October Revolution
Section: Impact of the dissolution of the USSR on historical research

Question: How was it possible to re-examine the October Revolution?

The dissolution of the USSR had an impact on historical interpretations of the October Revolution.
Since 1991, increasing access to large amounts of Soviet archival materials made it possible to re‑examine the October Revolution.
Though both Western and Russian historians now have access to many of these archives, the impact of the dissolution of the USSR can be seen most clearly in the work of historians in the former USSR.
While the disintegration essentially helped solidify the Western and Revisionist views, post-USSR Russian historians largely repudiated the former Soviet historical interpretation of the Revolution.
In other words, the established Soviet view of the October Revolution has been challenged, and consequently “Russian historians’ outlook has come closer to that of their Western conferes.” As Stephen Kotkin argues, 1991 prompted “a return to political history and the apparent resurrection of totalitarianism, the interpretive view that, in different ways…revisionists sought to bury”.
In other words, after 1991, there has been the revival among some historians of the “continuity thesis”, the idea that there was an uncomplicated, natural evolution from the October Revolution’s organizational structure to Stalin’s Gulags.
Article: Archery
Section: Modern competitive archery

Question: What is the most popular form of competitive archery worldwide?

Competitive archery involves shooting arrows at a target for accuracy from a set distance or distances.
This is the most popular form of competitive archery worldwide and is called target archery.
A form particularly popular in Europe and America is field archery, shot at targets generally set at various distances in a wooded setting.
Para-Archery is an adaptation of archery for athletes with a disability.
It is governed by the World Archery Federation (WA), and is one of the sports in the Summer Paralympic Games.
There are also several other lesser-known and historical forms of archery, as well as archery novelty games and flight archery, where the aim is to shoot the greatest distance.
Article: Assassination of John F. Kennedy
Section: Criticism of FBI

Question: What year did the House Select Committee on Assassinations review the murder of John F. Kennedy?

The FBI's murder investigation was reviewed by the House Select Committee on Assassinations in 1979.
The congressional Committee concluded:
 The Federal Bureau of Investigation adequately investigated Lee Harvey Oswald prior to the assassination and properly evaluated the evidence it possessed to assess his potential to endanger the public safety in a national emergency.
 The Federal Bureau of Investigation conducted a thorough and professional investigation into the responsibility of Lee Harvey Oswald for the assassination.
 The Federal Bureau of Investigation failed to investigate adequately the possibility of a conspiracy to assassinate the President.
 The Federal Bureau of Investigation was deficient in its sharing of information with other agencies and departments.
Article: Russia
Section: Geography

Question: Which country is the largest in the world?

Russia is the largest country in the world; its total area is .
There are 23 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Russia, 40 UNESCO biosphere reserves, 41 national parks and 101 nature reserves.
It lies between latitudes 41° and 82° N, and longitudes 19° E and 169° W. Russia has a wide natural resource base, including major deposits of timber, petroleum, natural gas, coal, ores and other mineral resources.
Article: Curling
Section: Abstract

Question: Each team had how many stones?

Curling is a sport in which players slide stones on a sheet of ice towards a target area which is segmented into four concentric rings.
It is related to bowls, boules and shuffleboard.
Two teams, each of four players, take turns sliding heavy, polished granite stones, also called "rocks", across the ice "curling sheet" towards the "house", a circular target marked on the ice.
Each team has eight stones.
The purpose is to accumulate the highest score for a "game"; points are scored for the stones resting closest to the centre of the house at the conclusion of each "end", which is completed when both teams have thrown all of their stones.
A game may consist of ten or eight ends.
The curler can induce a curved path by causing the stone to slowly turn as it slides, and the path of the rock may be further influenced by two sweepers with brooms who accompany it as it slides down the sheet, using the brooms to alter the state of the ice in front of the stone.
A great deal of strategy and teamwork go into choosing the ideal path and placement of a stone for each situation, and the skills of the curlers determine how close to the desired result the stone will achieve.
This gives curling its nickname of "chess on ice".
Article: Lights (musician)
Section: 2008–09: "Lights" and "The Listening"

Question: Which record label did Lights sign with in 2008?

Starting in early 2008, Lights toured cities in the Great Lakes region, in both Canada and the United States.
In late 2008, she toured the United States.
In August 2008, Lights signed a record deal with Toronto based label Underground Operations.
She also signed an American partnership deal with Warner Bros. along with Doghouse Records.
Around the same time, her song "Drive My Soul" got to No.18 in the Canadian Hot 100.
After signing with them, her EP was released in stores on September 16.
Her second single, "February Air," sold 12,000 copies.
In early 2008, "February Air" was in a commercial for Old Navy.
It was later released in December 2008.
In Ten Second Epic's song "Every Day" from their album Hometown, Lights contributed vocals and appeared in their music video.
The song appeared on the "Big Shiny Tunes 14" compilation album and the music video was nominated for Best Independent Music Video at the 2010 MuchMusic Video Awards.
She is also featured on the soundtrack (songs "Ben" and "Climbing") for the 2008 Canadian film "One Week", starring Joshua Jackson.
She was a guest vocalist on the album "A Shipwreck in the Sand", released in 2009 by post-hardcore band Silverstein from Burlington, Ontario.
In 2009, Lights released her third single to Canadian radio stations called "Ice" with a homemade video released on her MySpace.
She also released a second video for "Ice" in Canada on November 10, 2009.
It was released in the United States on November 11, 2009.
On August 10, 2009, her music video for "Saviour" was released.
In an interview for the musical website Hall-Musique, Lights announced she was hoping to release her debut album in Europe by early 2010.
In March, Lights was named on the American music website Shred News's 10 "Artists to Watch in 2010.
"While touring in the summer of 2009 on the 2009 Vans Warped Tour, Lights's single "Saviour" premiered on Canadian radio stations on July 6, 2009.
The song is from her first full-length album, "The Listening", which was released on September 22 in Canada.
It was released on October 6 in the United States after she left Underground Operations, for her own record label, Lights Music Inc.
The cover for the album was also released.
According to Lights, the entire artwork was inspired by "Watchmen", "28 Days Later", and "Sailor Moon".
In September 2009, Lights toured with the British band Keane on their Canadian/Pacific Northwest tour.
In late 2009, Lights toured all around the United States and Canada with Stars of Track and Field.
Article: Korean War
Section: Media

Question: Who did interviews include in the multimedia project?

 The Korean War You Never Knew & Life in the Korean War – slideshows by "Life magazine"
 QuickTime sequence of 27 maps adapted from the West Point Atlas of American Wars
 Animation for operations in 1950
 Animation for operations in 1951
 US Army Korea Media Center official Korean War online image archive
 Rare pictures of the Korean War from the U.S. Library of Congress and National Archives
 "Land of the Morning Calm Canadians in Korea" – multimedia project including veteran interviews
 Pathé Online newsreel archive featuring films on the war
 CBC Digital Archives—Forgotten Heroes: Canada and the Korean War
Article: Solar System
Section: Earth

Question: What is the largest and desest of the inner planets?

 Earth (1 AU from the Sun) is the largest and densest of the inner planets, the only one known to have current geological activity, and the only place where life is known to exist.
Its liquid hydrosphere is unique among the terrestrial planets, and it is the only planet where plate tectonics has been observed.
Earth's atmosphere is radically different from those of the other planets, having been altered by the presence of life to contain 21% free oxygen.
It has one natural satellite, the Moon, the only large satellite of a terrestrial planet in the Solar System.
Article: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)
Section: Cardio dance DVDs

Question: What dvd features  the jive, the quickstep, and swing?

Cardio dance DVDs.
A DVD titled "Dancing With The Stars: Cardio Dance" was released on April 3, 2007 featuring Kym Johnson, Maksim Chmerkovskiy and Ashly DelGrosso.
The program contains cardiovascular workouts adapted from Cha-cha, paso doble, samba, and jive dance routines.
A second DVD "Dancing with the Stars: Latin Cardio Dance" was released on September 13, 2008 featuring Maksim Chmerkovskiy and Cheryl Burke.
The program contains cardiovascular workouts adapted from Cha-cha, Merengue, Samba and Mambo dance routines.
A third and fourth DVD was released featuring Kym Johnson, Dmitry Chaplin, and Lacey Schwimmer.
One DVD is called "Dance off the Pounds" and features three dances: the jive, the quickstep, and swing.
The other is "Dance Body Tone" and features a Latin dance mix, the tango, and freestyle dance mix.
Julianne Hough, two time "DWTS" winner, has also released her own workout DVD called "Dance with Julianne: Cardio Ballroom".
It includes the Paso Doble, the Cha-Cha, and the Jive.
It was released on December 15, 2009.
Julianne Hough, released her second workout DVD called "Dance With Julianne: Just Dance".
It includes Jazz, Hip Hop, Box Step, Three Step and Dance Classics.
It was released on November 9, 2010.
Article: Hey Jude
Section: Critical reception

Question: In what categories was "Hey Jude" nominated for grammy in 1969?

Upon the release of the "Hey Jude" single, "Time" contrasted it with its B-side "Revolution."
"Time" wrote, "The other side of the new disk urges activism of a different sort" due to McCartney "liltingly exhorta friend to overcome his fears and commit himself in love."
Robert Christgau of "The Village Voice" called it "one of his truest and most forthright love songs" and was critical of its omission from "The Beatles".
Music analyst Alan Pollack praised "Hey Jude," saying, "it's such a good illustration of two compositional lessons—how to fill a large canvas with simple means, and how to use diverse elements such as harmony, bassline, and orchestration to articulate form and contrast."
He also said it is unusual for a long song because it uses a "binary form that combines a fully developed, hymn-like song together with an extended, mantra-like jam on a simple chord progression."
Pollack described the song's long coda and fadeout as "an astonishingly transcendental effect," while Unterberger observed, "What could have very easily been boring is instead hypnotic".
John Lennon said "Hey Jude" was "one of his [Paul's masterpieces.
""Hey Jude" was nominated for the Grammy Awards of 1969 in the Record of the Year, Song of the Year, and Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal categories but failed to win any of them.
It did win the 1968 Ivor Novello Award for "A-Side With the Highest Sales".
In the 1968 "NME" Readers' Poll, "Hey Jude" was named the best single of the year.
In 2001, "Hey Jude" was inducted into the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences Grammy Hall of Fame.
In 2004 and later in 2010, "Rolling Stone" ranked the song at number eight on "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time," making it the highest ranked Beatles song on the list.
Also in 2010, "Rolling Stone" ranked the song at number seven on the Beatles' 100 Greatest Songs.
It came in third on Channel 4's list of 100 Greatest Singles.
The Amusement & Music Operators Association ranked "Hey Jude" the 11th-best jukebox single of all time.
It was also voted the greatest song of all time by "Mojo" readers.
Article: Wakeboarding
Section: Boards

Question: How can I configure a board that lets me use either stance?

Boards are buoyant with the core usually made up of foam, honeycomb or wood mixed with resin and coated with fiberglass.
Metal screws are inserted to attach bindings and fins.
The configuration and positioning of the fins and bindings vary according to rider preference and are adjusted for a variety of reasons.
A wakeboarder will change the type of fins used for different types of tricks.
For example, shallow fins (which do not protrude into the water very far) are better for surface tricks, such as flat spins.
Many newer board models contain small moulded fins on the board, allowing the rider to use smaller centre fins and also to create less drag.
Board hardware is often set up to allow a rider to ride "Switch" or "Fakie," with either foot forward.
Such setups are usually symmetrical in layout.
New riders normally set up their boards to be comfortable to ride with their "natural" foot forward, which does not allow for riding Switch without modifications.
For best results and easy wakeboarding, this sport is normally done in lakes, though the intercoastal waterways are also becoming popular.
Article: Chernobyl disaster
Section: Rivers, lakes and reservoirs

Question: How long after the Chernobyl disaster was the Kiev water supply adjusted?

Residual radioactivity in the environment.
Rivers, lakes and reservoirs.
The Chernobyl nuclear power plant is located next to the Pripyat River, which feeds into the Dnieper reservoir system, one of the largest surface water systems in Europe, which at the time supplied water to Kiev's 2.4 million residents, and was still in spring flood when the accident occurred.
The radioactive contamination of aquatic systems therefore became a major problem in the immediate aftermath of the accident.
In the most affected areas of Ukraine, levels of radioactivity (particularly from radionuclides 131I, 137Cs and 90Sr) in drinking water caused concern during the weeks and months after the accident, though officially it was stated that all contaminants had settled to the bottom "in an insoluble phase" and would not dissolve for 800–1,000 years.
Guidelines for levels of radioiodine in drinking water were temporarily raised to 3,700 Bq/L, allowing most water to be reported as safe, and a year after the accident it was announced that even the water of the Chernobyl plant's cooling pond was within acceptable norms.
Despite this, two months after the disaster the Kiev water supply was abruptly switched from the Dnieper to the Desna River.
Meanwhile, massive silt traps were constructed, along with an enormous 30m-deep underground barrier to prevent groundwater from the destroyed reactor entering the Pripyat River.
Bio-accumulation of radioactivity in fish resulted in concentrations (both in western Europe and in the former Soviet Union) that in many cases were significantly above guideline maximum levels for consumption.
Guideline maximum levels for radiocaesium in fish vary from country to country but are approximately 1,000 Bq/kg in the European Union.
In the Kiev Reservoir in Ukraine, concentrations in fish were several thousand Bq/kg during the years after the accident.
In small "closed" lakes in Belarus and the Bryansk region of Russia, concentrations in a number of fish species varied from 100 to 60,000 Bq/kg during the period 1990–92.
The contamination of fish caused short-term concern in parts of the UK and Germany and in the long term (years rather than months) in the affected areas of Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia as well as in parts of Scandinavia.
Article: Universal Studios Florida
Section: Grad Bash and Gradventure

Question: Describe and explain Grad Bash.

"Grad Bash" and "Gradventure" are two separate events held in April and May at the park.
Grad Bash is an event for graduating high school senior classes who can gather for an exclusive, all-night party at the Universal Orlando Resort featuring all of the best park attractions, live performances by some of the most popular musicians, dance parties with DJs, and pre-parties live at The Universal Music Plaza Stage in the Production Central area.
After Disney's retirement of Grad Nite, Grad Bash will be held for five nights in 2012.
Gradventure is similar, but is designed for junior high/middle school graduating students.
Article: Doughnut
Section: South Africa

Question: What is normally served with a vetkoek?

Regional variations.
South Africa.
In South Africa, an Afrikaans variation known as the "koeksister" is popular.
Another variation, similar in name, is the Cape Malay "koesister" being soaked in a spiced syrup and coated in coconut.
It has a texture similar to more traditional doughnuts as opposed to the Afrikaans variety.
A further variation is the "vetkoek", which is also dough deep fried in oil.
It is served with mince, syrup, honey or jam.