community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Shrek
Section: Accolades

Question: Where did "Shrek" win the Award For Best Animated Feature, beating "Monsters, Inc.?"

At the 74th Academy Awards, "Shrek" won the first ever Academy Award For Best Animated Feature, beating "Monsters, Inc." and "".
"Entertainment Weekly" put it on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list, saying, "Prince Charming?
So last millennium.
This decade, fairy-tale fans — and Princess Fiona — fell for a fat and flatulent Ogre.
Now, that's progress."
It was nominated for The Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy.
"Shrek" was also nominated for 6 BAFTA Award, including the BAFTA Award for Best Film.
Eddie Murphy became the first actor to ever receive a BAFTA nomination for a voice-over performance.
The film was also nominated for Best Visual Effects, Best Sound, Best Film Music, and won the BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.
"Shrek" was nominated for a dozen Annie Awards from ASIFA-Hollywood, and won eight Annies including Best Animated Feature and Outstanding Individual Achievement for Directing in an Animated Feature Production.
In June 2008, the American Film Institute revealed its "Ten top Ten"; the best ten films in ten "classic" American film genres—after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community "Shrek" was acknowledged as the eighth best film in the animated genre, and the only non-Disney·Pixar film in the Top 10.
"Shrek" was also ranked second in a Channel 4 poll of the "100 Greatest Family Films", losing out on the top spot to "E.T.
the Extra-Terrestrial".
In 2005, "Shrek" came sixth in Channel 4's 100 Greatest Cartoons poll behind "The Simpsons", "Tom and Jerry", "South Park", "Toy Story" and "Family Guy".
In November 2009, the character, Lord Farquaad, was listed #14 in IGN UK's "Top 15 Fantasy Villains".
In 2006, it was ranked third on Bravo's 100 funniest films list.
American Film Institute recognition:
 AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains:
* Shrek - Nominated Hero
 AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:
* I'm a Believer - Nominated
 AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) - Nominated
 AFI's 10 Top 10 - #8 Animated film
Article: Curry
Section: Curry in South Africa and a few other

Question: What country puts curry in a stew named watt

 in South Africa and a few other.
African curries, Cape Malay curries and Natal curries including the Traditional Natal Curry, the Durban curry, the Bunny chow and Roti Rolls.
The history of South African curries go back as far as 250 years ago when the first Indians arrived on the shores of the Natal Colony, well before the boom of British Curries.
Durban has the largest single population of Indians outside of India and as a result have been developing traditional Natal curries ever since.
Natal curries are mostly based on South Indian dishes and mostly consist of simple spiced lamb and chicken dishes (with large amounts of ghee and oils) to very complex and elaborate seafood, chicken and lamb specialities (the chicken and prawn curry is a Natal favourite).
European recipes have also evolved alongside Indian South African curries.
European versions use mainly traditional recipes with the addition of red wine, milk, cream, vanilla or butter instead of ghee.
The famous Bunny chow, a South African standard, has spread in popularity throughout the country, into other southern African countries and countries with large South African immigrant populations.
It consists of either lamb, chicken or bean curry poured into a tunnelled out loaf of bread to be eaten with one's fingers.
The roti roll is another classic take-away curry that could either be a curry in a very flat roti bread (similar to a kebab bread) or the classic "Chip, cheese and curry" roll which basically consists of fried chips with melted cheese and the gravy of your favourite curry rolled into a roti roll.
 Fiji, Samoa, and Tonga: Generally known as "kare" or "kale," the spice is a popular ingredient in curried lamb, mutton, and chicken stew.
Often prepared with coconut milk and accompanied by rice or taro.
 Ethiopia: Wat, a thick, heavily spiced stew.
 Germany: Currywurst.
 Central Africa: Groundnut stew, though not technically a curry, is a similar style
 Central Europe: Goulash is a spicy stew or soup usually made with paprika, garlic, potatoes, beef or pork and dill.
Not served with rice.
 Mexico: Mole, which also originally meant sauce, features different regional variations and combinations of chilies, spices, and chocolate.
Curry powder is used as an incidental ingredient in other cuisines, including for example a "curry sauce" ("sauce au curry", sometimes even "au cari") variation of the classic French béchamel.
Article: Grand Canyon
Section: Plants

Question: Which direction do the slopes that receive the full amount of sunlight in the Sonoran Desert face?

Biology and ecology.
There are approximately 1,737 known species of vascular plants, 167 species of fungi, 64 species of moss and 195 species of lichen found in Grand Canyon National Park.
This variety is largely due to the 8,000 foot elevation change from the Colorado River up to the highest point on the North Rim.
Grand Canyon boasts a dozen endemic plants (known only within the Park's boundaries) while only ten percent of the Park's flora is exotic.
Sixty-three plants found here have been given special status by the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service.
The Mojave Desert influences the western sections of the canyon, Sonoran Desert vegetation covers the eastern sections, and ponderosa and pinyon pine forests grow on both rims.
Natural seeps and springs percolating out of the canyon walls are home to 11% of all the plant species found in the Grand Canyon.
The Canyon itself can act as a connection between the east and the west by providing corridors of appropriate habitat along its length.
The canyon can also be a genetic barrier to some species, like the Tassel-eared squirrel.
The aspect, or direction a slope faces, also plays a major role in adding diversity to the Grand Canyon.
North-facing slopes receive about one-third the normal amount of sunlight, so plants growing there are similar to plants found at higher elevations, or in more northern latitudes.
The south-facing slopes receive the full amount of sunlight and are covered in vegetation typical of the Sonoran Desert.
Article: Golden Gate Park
Section: Homeless camps

Question: In San Francisco, where do homeless people gather?

The City of San Francisco has sometimes grappled with what to do about camps of homeless people living in Golden Gate Park, which have been criticized as unsanitary, and "demoralizing" for park users and workers.
The camps have been described by journalists as full of garbage, broken glass, hypodermic needles, and human excrement, and the people in them are described as suffering from serious addictions and often behaving aggressively with police and park gardeners.
There have been occasional incidents of violence against homeless people in the park, including the 2010 park beating to death of a homeless man and an attack on park visitors by dogs owned by a park resident, also in 2010.
In the 1990s, then-Mayor Willie Brown sought unsuccessfully to borrow the Oakland Police Department's helicopters in order to find homeless people's camps.
Starting in 1988 under then-mayor Art Agnos, and continuing under the direction of subsequent mayors including Frank Jordan, Willie Brown, and Gavin Newsom, San Francisco police have conducted intermittent sweeps of the park aimed at eliminating the camps.
Tactics have included information campaigns designed to inform homeless residents about city services available to help them; waking sleeping homeless people and making them leave the park; issuing citations for infractions and misdemeanors such as camping, trespassing, or public intoxication, which carry penalties of $75 to $100; and the seizure and removal from the park of homeless people's possessions.
The crackdowns have been criticized by anti-poverty activists and civil liberties groups, who say they attack only the symptoms of homelessness while ignoring its root causes, and criminalize the poor for their poverty while ignoring their property rights and constitutional rights.
In 2006, the American Civil Liberties Union brought a lawsuit against the city government on behalf of 10 homeless people, alleging property violations by the city during sweeps in Golden Gate Park the year before.
Article: Diving
Section: Synchronized diving

Question: when synchronized diving was adopted as an Olympic sport?

Synchronized diving was adopted as an Olympic sport in 2000.
Two divers form a team and perform dives simultaneously.
The dives are identical.
It used to be possible to dive opposites, also known as a pinwheel, but this is no longer part of competitive synchronized diving.
For example, one diver would perform a forward dive and the other an inward dive in the same position, or one would do a reverse and the other a back movement.
In these events, the diving would be judged both on the quality of execution and the synchronicity – in timing of take-off and entry, height and forward travel.
Article: Family Guy
Section: Criticism and controversy

Question: What does PTC stand for?

One of the initial critics to give the show negative reviews was Ken Tucker from "Entertainment Weekly"; he called it ""The Simpsons" as conceived by a singularly sophomoric mind that lacks any reference point beyond other TV shows".
The Parents Television Council (PTC), a conservative, non-profit watchdog, has attacked the series since its premiere and has branded various episodes as "Worst TV Show of the Week".
In May 2000 the PTC launched a letter-writing campaign to the Fox network in an effort to persuade the network to cancel the show.
The PTC has placed the show on their annual lists of "Worst Prime-Time Shows for Family Viewing" in 2000, 2005, and 2006.
The Federal Communications Commission has received multiple petitions requesting that the show be blocked from broadcasting on indecency grounds.
Tucker and the PTC have both accused the show of portraying religion negatively, and of being racist.
Because of the PTC, some advertisers have canceled their contracts after reviewing the content of the episodes, claiming it to be unsuitable.
Critics have compared the show's humor and characters with those of "The Simpsons".
Various episodes of the show have generated controversy.
In "The Son Also Draws" (season one, 1999) Peter jokes that "Canada sucks"; this caused controversy with Canadian viewers.
In "420" (season seven, 2009) Brian decides to start a campaign to legalize cannabis in Quahog; the Venezuelan government reacted negatively to the episode and banned "Family Guy" from airing on their local networks, which generally syndicate American programming.
Venezuelan justice minister Tareck El Aissami, citing the promotion of the use of cannabis, stated that any cable stations that did not stop airing the series would be fined; the government showed a clip which featured Brian and Stewie singing the praises of marijuana as a demonstration of how the United States supports cannabis use.
In "Extra Large Medium" (season eight, 2010) a character named Ellen (who has Down syndrome) states that her mother is the former Governor of Alaska, which strongly implies that her mother is Sarah Palin, the only woman to have served in the office of governor in the state.
Sarah Palin, the mother of a special-needs child, criticized the episode in an appearance on "The O'Reilly Factor", calling those who made the show "cruel, cold-hearted people."
Article: Spain
Section: Religion

Question: How many Jews are in spain?

Roman Catholicism has long been the main religion of Spain, and although it no longer has official status by law, in all public schools in Spain students have to choose either a religion or ethics class, and Catholicism is the only religion officially taught.
According to an April 2012 study by the Spanish Center of Sociological Research about 71% of Spaniards self-identify as Catholics, 2.7% other faith, and about 24% identify with no religion (9.4% of the total are atheists).
Most Spaniards do not participate regularly in religious services.
This same study shows that of the Spaniards who identify themselves as religious, 59% hardly ever or never go to church, 15% go to church some times a year, 8% some time per month and 14% every Sunday or multiple times per week.
Altogether, about 22% of the entire Spanish population attends religious services at least once per month.
Though Spanish society has become considerably more secular in recent decades, the influx of Latin American immigrants, who tend to be strong Catholic practitioners, has helped the Catholic Church to recover.
Protestant churches have about 1,200,000 members.
There are about 105,000 Jehovah's Witnesses.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has approximately 46,000 adherents in 133 congregations in all regions of the country and has a temple in the Moratalaz District of Madrid.
A study made by "Unión de comunidades islámicas de España" demonstrated that there were about 1,700,000 inhabitants of Muslim background living in Spain as of 2012, accounting for 3-4% of the total population of Spain.
The vast majority was composed of immigrants and descendants originating from Morocco and other African countries.
More than 514,000 (30%) of them had Spanish nationality.
The recent waves of immigration have also led to an increasing number of Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs and Muslims.
After the Reconquista in 1492, Muslims did not live in Spain for centuries.
Late 19th-century colonial expansion in northwestern Africa gave a number of residents in Spanish Morocco and Western Sahara full citizenship.
Their ranks have since been bolstered by recent immigration, especially from Morocco and Algeria.
Judaism was practically non-existent in Spain from the 1492 expulsion until the 19th century, when Jews were again permitted to enter the country.
Currently there are around 62,000 Jews in Spain, or 0.14% of the total population.
Most are arrivals in the past century, while some are descendants of earlier Spanish Jews.
Approximately 80,000 Jews are thought to have lived in Spain on the eve of the Spanish Inquisition.
Article: Fight Club
Section: Abstract

Question: When was Fight Club the film made?

Fight Club is a 1999 American film based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Chuck Palahniuk.
The film was directed by David Fincher and stars Edward Norton, Brad Pitt, and Helena Bonham Carter.
Norton plays the unnamed protagonist, an "everyman" who is discontented with his white-collar job.
He forms a "fight club" with soap maker Tyler Durden, played by Pitt, and they are joined by men who also want to fight recreationally.
The narrator becomes embroiled in a relationship with Durden and a dissolute woman, Marla Singer, played by Bonham Carter.
Palahniuk's novel was optioned by 20th Century Fox producer Laura Ziskin, who hired Jim Uhls to write the film adaptation.
Fincher was one of four directors the producers considered.
They hired him because of his enthusiasm for the film.
Fincher developed the script with Uhls and sought screenwriting advice from the cast and others in the film industry.
The director and the cast compared the film to "Rebel Without a Cause" (1955) and "The Graduate" (1967).
Fincher intended "Fight Club"s violence to serve as a metaphor for the conflict between a generation of young people and the value system of advertising.
The director copied the homoerotic overtones from Palahniuk's novel to make audiences uncomfortable and keep them from anticipating the twist ending.
Studio executives did not like the film and they restructured Fincher's intended marketing campaign to try to reduce anticipated losses.
"Fight Club" failed to meet the studio's expectations at the box office and received polarized reactions from critics.
It was cited as one of the most controversial and talked-about films of 1999.
However, the film over the years found critical and commercial success with its DVD release, which established "Fight Club" as a cult film.
Article: Disneyland
Section: Lands

Question: Which amusement park is known as the "lost" land of Disneyland?

Disneyland Park consists of eight themed "lands" and a number of concealed backstage areas, and occupies approximately .
The park opened with "Main Street, U.S.A.", "Adventureland", "Frontierland", "Fantasyland", and "Tomorrowland", and has since added New Orleans Square in 1966, Bear Country (later Critter Country) in 1972, and Mickey's Toontown in 1993.
In 1957, Holidayland, opened to the public with a recreation area including a circus and baseball diamond, but was closed in late 1961.
It is often referred to as the "lost" land of Disneyland.
Throughout the park are 'Hidden Mickeys', representations of Mickey Mouse heads inserted subtly into the design of attractions and environmental decor.
An elevated berm supports the narrow gauge Disneyland Railroad that circumnavigates the park.
Article: Taco
Section: Soft-shell tacos

Question: How would a person define "soft taco" in a traditional sense?

Traditionally, soft-shelled tacos referred to corn tortillas that were cooked to a softer state than a hard taco - usually by grilling or steaming.
More recently the term has come to include flour tortilla based tacos mostly from large manufacturers and restaurant chains.
In this context, "soft tacos" are tacos made with wheat flour tortillas and filled with the same ingredients as a hard taco.
Article: Baseball
Section: Batting and baserunning tactics

Question: Why would a batter perform a sacrifice bunt in baseball?

Several basic offensive tactics come into play with a runner on first base, including the fundamental choice of whether to attempt a steal of second base.
The hit and run is sometimes employed with a skillful contact hitter: the runner takes off with the pitch drawing the shortstop or second baseman over to second base, creating a gap in the infield for the batter to poke the ball through.
The sacrifice bunt calls for the batter to focus on making contact with the ball so that it rolls a short distance into the infield, allowing the runner to advance into scoring position even at the expense of the batter being thrown out at first—a batter who succeeds is credited with a sacrifice.
(A batter, particularly one who is a fast runner, may also attempt to bunt for a hit.)
A sacrifice bunt employed with a runner on third base, aimed at bringing that runner home, is known as a squeeze play.
With a runner on third and fewer than two outs, a batter may instead concentrate on hitting a fly ball that, even if it is caught, will be deep enough to allow the runner to tag up and score—a successful batter in this case gets credit for a sacrifice fly.
The manager will sometimes signal a batter who is ahead in the count (i.e., has more balls than strikes) to take, or not swing at, the next pitch.
Article: Fencing
Section: Governing body

Question: Where is the head office located today?

Competitive fencing.
Governing body.
Fencing is governed by Fédération Internationale d'Escrime or FIE.
Today, its head office is in Lausanne, Switzerland.
The FIE is composed of 145 national federations, each of which is recognized by its country's Olympic Committee as the sole representative of Olympic-style fencing in that country.
Article: Karate
Section: Abstract

Question: Where did karate develop?

Karate developed in the Ryukyu Kingdom.
It was brought to the Japanese mainland in the early 20th century during a time of cultural exchanges between the Japanese and the Ryukyuans.
It was systematically taught in Japan after the Taisho era.
In 1922 the Japanese Ministry of Education invited Gichin Funakoshi to Tokyo to give a karate demonstration.
In 1924 Keio University established the first university karate club in Japan and by 1932, major Japanese universities had karate clubs.
In this era of escalating Japanese militarism, the name was changed from ("Chinese hand" or "Tang hand") to ("empty hand") – both of which are pronounced "karate" – to indicate that the Japanese wished to develop the combat form in Japanese style.
After World War II, Okinawa became an important United States military site and karate became popular among servicemen stationed there.
The martial arts movies of the 1960s and 1970s served to greatly increase the popularity of martial arts around the world, and in English the word "karate" began to be used in a generic way to refer to all striking-based Oriental martial arts.
Karate schools began appearing across the world, catering to those with casual interest as well as those seeking a deeper study of the art.
Shigeru Egami, Chief Instructor of Shotokan Dojo, opined "that the majority of followers of karate in overseas countries pursue karate only for its fighting techniques ... Movies and television ... depict karate as a mysterious way of fighting capable of causing death or injury with a single blow ... the mass media present a pseudo art far from the real thing."
Shoshin Nagamine said "Karate may be considered as the conflict within oneself or as a life-long marathon which can be won only through self-discipline, hard training and one's own creative efforts.
"In 2009, in the 121st International Olympic Committee voting, karate did not receive the necessary two-thirds majority vote to become an Olympic sport.
Karate was being considered for the 2020 Olympics,—however at a meeting of the IOC's executive board, held in Russia on May 29, 2013, it was decided that karate (along with wushu and several other non-martial arts) would not be considered for inclusion in 2020 at the IOC's 125th session in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in September 2013.
Web Japan (sponsored by the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs) claims there are 50 million karate practitioners worldwide, while the World Karate Federation claims there are 100 million practitioners around the world.
Article: Lady with an Ermine
Section: Provenance

Question: Where is the painting of "Lady with an Ermine" currently located?

The painting was acquired in Italy by Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski, the son of Princess Izabela Czartoryska and Prince Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski in 1798, and incorporated it into the Czartoryskis’ family collections at Puławy in 1800.
The inscription on the top-left corner of the painting, LA BELE FERONIERE.
LEONARD DAWINCI., probably was added by a restorer shortly after its arrival in Poland, and before the background was overpainted.
Czartoryski was clearly aware it was a Leonardo, although the painting had never been discussed in print; unfortunately, no record exists of any previous owner.
The "Belle Ferronière" is the Leonardo portrait in the Louvre, whose sitter bears such a close resemblance, the Czartoryskis considered this sitter to be the same.
The painting travelled extensively during the 19th century; Princess Czartoryska rescued it in advance of the invading Russian army in 1830, hid it, then sent it to Dresden and on to the Czartoryski place of exile in Paris, the Hôtel Lambert, returning it to Kraków in 1882.
In 1939, almost immediately after the German occupation of Poland, it was seized by the Nazis and sent to the Kaiser Friedrich Museum in Berlin.
In 1940, Hans Frank, the Governor General of Poland, requested it be returned to Kraków, where it hung in his suite of offices.
At the end of the Second World War it was discovered by Allied troops in Frank's country home in Bavaria.
It has since been returned to Poland at the Czartoryski Museum in Kraków.
Currently the painting is in Old Town, Kraków, on display at the Wawel Castle.