community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Brazil
Section: Abstract

Question: What is the official name of Brazil?

Brazil (, ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (, ), is the largest country in both South America and the Latin American region.
It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population.
It is the largest Lusophone country in the world, and the only one in the Americas.
Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of .
It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas region of French Guiana; on the northwest by Colombia; on the west by Bolivia and Peru; on the southwest by Argentina and Paraguay and on the south by Uruguay.
Numerous archipelagos form part of Brazilian territory, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, and Trindade and Martim Vaz.
It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile and occupies 47 percent of the continent of South America.
Brazil was inhabited by numerous tribal nations prior to the landing of explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500, who claimed the area for Portugal.
Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until 1808, when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro after French forces led by Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Portugal.
In 1815, it was elevated to the rank of kingdom upon the formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves.
Its independence was achieved in 1822 with the creation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system.
The country became a presidential republic in 1889, when a military "coup d'état" proclaimed the Republic, although the bicameral legislature, now called Congress, dates back to the ratification of the first constitution in 1824.
An authoritarian military junta had led the nation from 1964 until 1985.
Brazil's current Constitution, formulated in 1988, defines it as a federal republic.
The Federation is composed of the union of the Federal District, the 26 states, and the 5,564 municipalities.
The Brazilian economy is the world's seventh largest by nominal GDP and the seventh largest by purchasing power parity, as of 2012.
A member of the BRIC group, Brazil has one of the world's fastest growing major economies, with its economic reforms giving the country new international recognition and influence.
Brazil's national development bank (BNDES) plays an important role for the country's economic growth.
Brazil is a founding member of the United Nations, the G20, CPLP, Latin Union, the Organization of Ibero-American States, the Organization of American States, Mercosul and the Union of South American Nations.
Brazil is one of 17 megadiverse countries, home to a variety of wildlife, natural environments, and extensive natural resources in a variety of protected habitats.
Brazil is a regional power in Latin America and a middle power in international affairs, with some analysts identifying it as an emerging global power.
Brazil has been the world's largest producer of coffee for the last 150 years.
Article: Metropolitan Museum of Art
Section: Drawings and prints

Question: What year did the first Old Master drawings presented?

Though other departments contain significant numbers of drawings and prints, the Drawings and Prints department specifically concentrates on North American pieces and western European works produced after the Middle Ages.
The first Old Master drawings, comprising 670 sheets, were presented as a single group in 1880 by Cornelius Vanderbilt II and in effect launched the department, though it was not formally constituted as a department until later.
Other early donors to the department include Junius Spencer Morgan II who presented a broad range of material, but mainly dated from the sixteenth century, including 2 woodblocks and many prints by Albrecht Dürer in 1919.
Currently, the Drawings and Prints collection contains more than 17,000 drawings, 1.5 million prints, and twelve thousand illustrated books.
The great masters of European painting, who produced many more sketches and drawings than actual paintings, are extensively represented in the Drawing and Prints collection.
The department's holdings contain major drawings by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, and Rembrandt, as well as prints and etchings by Van Dyck, Dürer, and Degas among many others.
Article: The Office
Section: Abstract

Question: What was the location where the original The Office was filmed?

The Office is a popular mockumentary/cringe comedy sitcom that was first made in the United Kingdom and has now been remade in many other countries, with overall viewership in the hundreds of millions worldwide.
The original UK version was created by Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant.
It starred Gervais as the boss and main character.
First broadcast on BBC Two on 9 July 2001, the show ran for 14 episodes – two series of six episodes and a two-part Christmas special.
The longest running version is the U.S. version which ran for 9 seasons from 2005 to 2013.
The German version is also still in production and has seen 46 episodes over five seasons.
At least the UK and US versions share the same fictional universe.
In 2010, Gervais announced that work was starting on a Chinese version of "The Office".
Article: Salvador Dalí
Section: Symbolism

Question: Where did Dali find his idea to have clocks melting?

Dalí employed extensive symbolism in his work.
For instance, the hallmark "melting watches" that first appear in "The Persistence of Memory" suggest Einstein's theory that time is relative and not fixed.
The idea for clocks functioning symbolically in this way came to Dalí when he was staring at a runny piece of Camembert cheese on a hot August day.
The elephant is also a recurring image in Dalí's works.
It first appeared in his 1944 work "Dream Caused by the Flight of a Bee Around a Pomegranate a Second Before Awakening".
The elephants, inspired by Gian Lorenzo Bernini's sculpture base in Rome of an elephant carrying an ancient obelisk, are portrayed "with long, multijointed, almost invisible legs of desire" along with obelisks on their backs.
Coupled with the image of their brittle legs, these encumbrances, noted for their phallic overtones, create a sense of phantom reality.
"The elephant is a distortion in space", one analysis explains, "its spindly legs contrasting the idea of weightlessness with structure."
"I am painting pictures which make me die for joy, I am creating with an absolute naturalness, without the slightest aesthetic concern, I am making things that inspire me with a profound emotion and I am trying to paint them honestly."
—Salvador Dalí, in Dawn Ades, "Dalí and Surrealism".
The egg is another common Dalíesque image.
He connects the egg to the prenatal and intrauterine, thus using it to symbolize hope and love; it appears in "The Great Masturbator" and "The Metamorphosis of Narcissus".
"The Metamorphosis of Narcissus" also symbolized death and petrification.
Various other animals appear throughout his work as well: ants point to death, decay, and immense sexual desire; the snail is connected to the human head (he saw a snail on a bicycle outside Freud's house when he first met Sigmund Freud); and locusts are a symbol of waste and fear.
Article: Ketchup
Section: Terminology

Question: What is the name used for ketchup in Australia and New Zealand?

The term used for the sauce varies.
"Ketchup" (sometimes spelled "catsup" in American English, called "a failed attempt at Anglicization") is the dominant term in American English and Canadian English, with "catsup" being the prominent term in some southern US states.
In these dialects, "tomato sauce" refers to pasta sauce, and is not a synonym for ketchup.
"Tomato sauce" is more common in Commonwealth English (e.g., Australia, India, New Zealand and South Africa).
In British English, the two terms are interchangeable.
"Red sauce" is used in Welsh English, Scottish English, Irish English and some parts of England, such as the Black Country, and in South London, often contrasting with brown sauce with which it is often served but in Canadian and American English, "red sauce" refers to red spicy sauces (or sweet and sour sauce) and is not a synonym for ketchup.
The etymology of the word "ketchup" is unclear, with multiple competing theories:
Article: Turkey
Section: Religion

Question: What is Turkey's official religion?

Turkey is a secular state with no official state religion; the Turkish Constitution provides for freedom of religion and conscience.
The role of religion has been a controversial debate over the years since the formation of Islamist parties.
For many decades, the wearing of the hijab was banned in schools and government buildings, because it was viewed as a symbol of political Islam.
However, the ban was lifted for the universities in 2011 and for the government buildings in 2013.
Islam is the dominant religion of Turkey; it exceeds 99% if secular people of Muslim background are included, with the most popular sect being the Hanafite school of Sunni Islam.
The highest Islamic religious authority is the Presidency of Religious Affairs (), it interprets the Hanafi school of law, and is responsible for regulating the operation of the country's 80,000 registered mosques and employing local and provincial imams.
Academics suggest the Alevi population may be from 15 to 20 million.
According to Aksiyon magazine, the number of Shiite Twelvers (excluding Alevis) is 3 million (4.2%).
There are also some Sufi practitioners.
Roughly 2% are non-denominational Muslims.
The percentage of non-Muslims in Turkey had fallen from 19.1% in 1914 to 2.5% in 1927.
Currently, there are about 120,000 people of different Christian denominations, representing less than 0.2% of Turkey's population, including an estimated 80,000 Oriental Orthodox, 35,000 Roman Catholics, 5,000 Greek Orthodox and smaller numbers of Protestants.
Today there are 236 churches open for worship in Turkey.
The Eastern Orthodox Church has been headquartered in Istanbul since the 4th century.
There are about 26,000 people who are Jewish, the vast majority of whom are Sephardi.
The Bahá'í Faith in Turkey has roots in Bahá'u'lláh's, the founder of the Bahá'í Faith, being exiled to Constantinople, current-day Istanbul, by the Ottoman authorities.
Bahá'ís cannot register with the government officially, but there are probably 10 to 20 thousand Bahá'ís, and around a hundred Bahá'í Local Spiritual Assemblies in Turkey.
Article: Captain Phillips (film)
Section: Development

Question: Where is the Brian Coyle Community Center?

Shortly after the publication of Richard Phillips's memoir "A Captain's Duty" in 2010, Sony Pictures optioned the film rights.
In March 2011, actor Tom Hanks attached himself to the project after reading a draft of the screenplay by Billy Ray.
During the following June, director Paul Greengrass was offered the helm of the then-untitled film adaptation.
A worldwide search subsequently began to find the film's supporting Somali cast.
From this search, Barkhad Abdi, Barkhad Abdirahman, Faysal Ahmed, and Mahat M. Ali were chosen from among more than 700 participants at a 2011 casting call at the Brian Coyle Community Center in Cedar-Riverside, Minneapolis.
According to the search casting director, Debbie DeLisi, the four actors were selected because they were "the chosen ones, that anointed group that stuck out.
"Producers visited the National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum to see the bullet-scarred, five-ton fiberglass lifeboat aboard which the pirates held Capt.
Phillips hostage so that they could accurately re-create the boat and interiors for the set.
They were also able to view an example of the Boeing Insitu ScanEagle UAV, used to monitor the crisis, as well as the Mark 11 Mod 0 (SR-25) sniper rifle (the type used by the U.S. Navy SEALs), both also on display at the museum.
Article: Hamburger
Section: Charlie Nagreen

Question: Who is responsible for creating the hamburger?

One of the earliest claims comes from Charlie Nagreen, who in 1885 sold a meatball between two slices of bread at the Seymour Fair now called theOutagamie County Fair in some attributions.
The Seymour Community Historical Society of Seymour, Wisconsin, credits Nagreen, now known as "Hamburger Charlie", with the invention of the hamburger.
Nagreen was fifteen when he reportedly made sandwiches out of pork that he was selling at the 1885 Seymour Fair (now the Outagamie County Fair), so that customers could eat while walking.
The Historical Society explains that Nagreen named the hamburger after the Hamburg steak with which local German immigrants were familiar.
Article: Battle of Austerlitz
Section: Rewards

Question: What did Napoleon says to his troops after the battle?

Napoleon's words to his troops after the battle were full of praise: "Soldats!
Je suis content de vous" ().
The Emperor provided two million golden francs to the higher officers and 200 francs to each soldier, with large pensions for the widows of the fallen.
Orphaned children were adopted by Napoleon personally and were allowed to add "Napoleon" to their baptismal and family names.
This battle is one of four that Napoleon never awarded a victory title, the others being Marengo, Jena and Friedland.
Article: Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Section: Memphis

Question: What was Martin Luther King's last speech named?

King travelled to Memphis, Tennessee in support of striking African American sanitation workers.
The workers had staged a walkout on February 11, 1968, to protest unequal wages and working conditions imposed by then-mayor Henry Loeb.
At the time, Memphis paid black workers significantly lower wages than whites.
In addition, unlike white people, black people received no pay if they stayed home during bad weather; consequently, most black people were compelled to work even in driving rain and snow storms.
On April 3, King returned to Memphis to address a gathering at the Mason Temple (World Headquarters of the Church of God in Christ).
His airline flight to Memphis was delayed by a bomb threat against his plane.
With a thunderstorm raging outside, King delivered the last speech of his life, now known as the "I've Been to the Mountaintop" address.
As he neared the close, he made reference to the bomb threat:
Article: Equestrianism
Section: Overview of equestrian activities

Question: What are the therapeutic and standard purposes that horses are used for?

Horses are trained and ridden for practical working purposes such as in police work or for controlling herd animals on a ranch.
They are also used in competitive sports including, but not limited to, dressage, endurance riding, eventing, reining, show jumping, tent pegging, vaulting, polo, horse racing, driving, and rodeo.
(See additional equestrian sports listed later in this article for more examples.)
Some popular forms of competition are grouped together at horse shows, where horses perform in a wide variety of disciplines.
Horses (and other equids such as mules and donkeys) are used for non-competitive recreational riding such as fox hunting, trail riding or hacking.
There is public access to horse trails in almost every part of the world; many parks, ranches, and public stables offer both guided and independent riding.
Horses are also used for therapeutic purposes, both in specialized paraequestrian competition as well as non-competitive riding to improve human health and emotional development.
Horses are also driven in harness racing, at horse shows and in other types of exhibition, historical reenactment or ceremony, often pulling carriages.
In some parts of the world, they are still used for practical purposes such as farming.
Horses continue to be used in public service: in traditional ceremonies (parades, funerals), police and volunteer mounted patrols, and for mounted search and rescue.
Article: Epcot
Section: Corporate sponsorships

Question: What year did General Electric leave Horizons?

Each pavilion was initially sponsored by a corporation which helped fund its construction and maintenance in return for the corporation's logos and some marketing elements appearing throughout the pavilion.
For example, Universe of Energy was sponsored by Exxon from 1982 to 2004, and The Land was sponsored by Kraft from 1982 to 1993, then Nestlé from 1993 to 2009.
Each pavilion contains a private "VIP area" for its sponsor with offices, lounges, and reception areas hidden away from regular park guests.
While some pavilions still retain active sponsorships, in recent years several pavilions have lost sponsorships due to lack of interest from partner companies in renewing expiring agreements.
After General Electric left Horizons in 1993, it closed for a couple of years, then reopened temporarily while neighboring attractions Universe of Energy and World of Motion were renovated.
Horizons closed permanently on January 9, 1999 and was demolished in the summer of 2000 to make room for the opening of Mission: SPACE on October 9, 2003.
Metlife sponsored Wonders of Life from 1989 to 2001, until that area was closed.
However, the Wonders Of Life pavilion is still mostly intact and is used for both the Flower and Garden Festival and the Food and Wine Festival.
Current active sponsorships include the following:
Test Track opened in the former World of Motion pavilion and is currently sponsored by Chevrolet
 is currently sponsored by Hewlett-Packard
Spaceship Earth is currently sponsored by Siemens which also sponsors the park's nighttime show .
Living with the Land is currently sponsored by Chiquita.
Individual small attractions and exhibits within the Innoventions pavilions are sponsored by various companies including IBM, Liberty Mutual, Coca-Cola, Velcro, and others.
Article: Manhattan Project
Section: Centrifuges

Question: What year did he begen working with Uiranium hexafluoride?

The centrifuge process was regarded as the only promising separation method in April 1942.
Jesse Beams had developed such a process at the University of Virginia during the 1930s, but had encountered technical difficulties.
The process required high rotational speeds, but at certain speeds harmonic vibrations developed that threatened to tear the machinery apart.
It was therefore necessary to accelerate quickly through these speeds.
In 1941 he began working with uranium hexafluoride, the only known gaseous compound of uranium, and was able to separate uranium-235.
At Columbia, Urey had Cohen investigate the process, and he produced a body of mathematical theory making it possible to design a centrifugal separation unit, which Westinghouse undertook to construct.
Scaling this up to a production plant presented a formidable technical challenge.
Urey and Cohen estimated that producing a kilogram (2.2 lb) of uranium-235 per day would require up to 50,000 centrifuges with rotors, or 10,000 centrifuges with rotors, assuming that 4-meter rotors could be built.
The prospect of keeping so many rotors operating continuously at high speed appeared daunting, and when Beams ran his experimental apparatus, he obtained only 60% of the predicted yield, indicating that more centrifuges would be required.
Beams, Urey and Cohen then began work on a series of improvements which promised to increase the efficiency of the process.
However, frequent failures of motors, shafts and bearings at high speeds delayed work on the pilot plant.
In November 1942 the centrifuge process was abandoned by the Military Policy Committee following a recommendation by Conant, Nichols and August C. Klein of Stone & Webster.
Article: The Lion King
Section: Sequels and spin-offs

Question: Name two characters in The Lion King

Sequels and spin-offs.
Between 1995 and 1999, the characters of Timon and Pumbaa received their own animated show, "The Lion King's Timon and Pumbaa", which ran for three seasons and 85 episodes.
Ernie Sabella continued to voice Pumbaa, while Timon was voiced by Quinton Flynn and Kevin Schon in addition to Nathan Lane himself.
In 1998, a sequel entitled "" was released on VHS.
The film centers around Simba and Nala's daughter, Kiara, who falls in love with Kovu, a male lion who was raised in a pride of Scar's followers, the Outsiders.
2004 saw the release of another "Lion King" film on DVD, "The Lion King 1½".
It is a prequel in showing how Timon and Pumbaa met each other, and also a parallel in that it also depicts what the characters were retconned to have done during the events of the original movie.
Article: Blow Me (One Last Kiss)
Section: Chart performance

Question: What did the song Blow Me peak at in New Zealand?

"Blow Me (One Last Kiss)" first appeared on the Australian Singles Chart on the week ending 16 July 2012, debuting at number 1.
The song peaked at number 8 on the New Zealand Top 40 chart.
It also debuted at number 13 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart.
In Ireland, the song debuted at number 23 on the Irish Singles Chart.
In the United Kingdom, the song debuted at number 3 with sales over 70,000 on the week ending 9 September 2012 behind Ne-Yo's "Let Me Love You (Until You Learn to Love Yourself)" and The Script's "Hall of Fame".
Despite of not reaching No.1 in the Singles Chart it did reach No.1 In the UK iTunes Chart, it debuted at number one in Scotland.
In the United States, the song debuted at number 58 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and peaked at number 5.
As of August 2013, Pink is placed joint-third with Lady Gaga (12) behind Rihanna (24) and Beyoncé (14) for most top ten hits for a female artist since 2000.
The song also topped the German Airplay Chart, becoming Pink's tenth consecutive single to do so and increasing her (previously broken) record for the most consecutive number 1 singles in Germany.
The song also appeared on the South African Airplay Chart, reaching a peak position of number 2.
On Billboard's Dance/Mix Show Airplay chart, it gave Pink her fourth number-one single on this chart.
It has sold 2,164,000 copies in the US as of July 2013.
Article: Notre Dame de Paris
Section: Abstract

Question: When did a project of further restoration and miantenance begin?

Notre-Dame de Paris (; French for "Our Lady of Paris"), also known as Notre-Dame Cathedral or simply Notre-Dame, is a historic Catholic cathedral on the eastern half of the Île de la Cité in the fourth arrondissement of Paris, France.
The cathedral is widely considered to be one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture and among the largest and most well-known church buildings in the world.
The naturalism of its sculptures and stained glass are in contrast with earlier Romanesque architecture.
As the cathedral of the Archdiocese of Paris, Notre-Dame is the parish that contains the "cathedra", or official chair, of the archbishop of Paris, currently Cardinal André Vingt-Trois.
The cathedral treasury is notable for its reliquary which houses some of Catholicism's most important first-class relics including the purported Crown of Thorns, a fragment of the True Cross, and one of the Holy Nails.
In the 1790s, Notre-Dame suffered desecration during the radical phase of the French Revolution when much of its religious imagery was damaged or destroyed.
An extensive restoration supervised by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc began in 1845.
A project of further restoration and maintenance began in 1991.