community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Let It Be
Section: Personnel

Question: Who provided the backing vocals for "Let It Be"?

The Beatles
George Harrison – lead and rhythm guitars, acoustic guitar on "For You Blue" and "I Me Mine", tambura on "Across the Universe", tuned-down six-string electric guitar on "Two of Us" and "Maggie Mae", lead vocals on "I Me Mine" and "For You Blue", backing vocals.
John Lennon – lead and backing vocals, rhythm guitar, lead guitar on "Get Back", lap steel guitar on "For You Blue", acoustic guitar on "Two of Us", "Across the Universe" and "Maggie Mae", six-string bass guitar on "Dig It", "Let It Be" and "The Long and Winding Road", whistling on "Two of Us".
Paul McCartney – lead and backing vocals, bass guitar, acoustic guitar on "Two of Us" and "Maggie Mae", piano on "Dig It", "Across the Universe", "Let It Be", "The Long and Winding Road", and "For You Blue", Hammond organ and electric piano on "I Me Mine", maracas on "Let It Be".
Ringo Starr – drums, percussion on "Across the Universe".
Additional musicians
Richard Anthony Hewson – string and brass arrangements on "I Me Mine" and "The Long and Winding Road"
John Barham – choral arrangements on "Across the Universe", "I Me Mine" and "The Long and Winding Road"
George Martin – shaker on "Dig It", string and brass arrangements on "Let It Be", production
Linda McCartney – backing vocals on "Let It Be"
Billy Preston – electric piano on "Dig a Pony", "I've Got a Feeling", "One After 909", "The Long and Winding Road", and "Get Back", Hammond organ on "Dig It" and "Let It Be"
Brian Rogers – string and brass arrangements on "Across the Universe"
Production
Glyn Johns – audio engineering, mixing
Alan Parsons – assistant engineer
Phil Spector – "re-producer" (final overdubs), final mixing
Article: Invasion of Normandy
Section: Armoured reserves

Question: On June 6th, what prevented the Panzer division commanders from moving?

Rommel's defensive measures were also frustrated by a dispute over armoured doctrine.
In addition to his two army groups, von Rundstedt also commanded the headquarters of "Panzer Group West" under General Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg (usually referred to as "von Geyr").
This formation was nominally an administrative HQ for von Rundstedt's armoured and mobile formations, but it was later to be renamed Fifth Panzer Army and brought into the line in Normandy.
Von Geyr and Rommel disagreed over the deployment and use of the vital Panzer divisions.
Rommel recognised that the Allies would possess air superiority and would be able to harass his movements from the air.
He therefore proposed that the armoured formations be deployed close to the invasion beaches.
In his words, it was better to have one Panzer division facing the invaders on the first day, than three Panzer divisions three days later when the Allies would already have established a firm beachhead.
Von Geyr argued for the standard doctrine that the Panzer formations should be concentrated in a central position around Paris and Rouen, and deployed "en masse" against the main Allied beachhead when this had been identified.
The argument was eventually brought before Hitler for arbitration.
He characteristically imposed an unworkable compromise solution.
Only three Panzer divisions were given to Rommel, too few to cover all the threatened sectors.
The remainder, nominally under Von Geyr's control, were actually designated as being in "OKW Reserve".
Only three of these were deployed close enough to intervene immediately against any invasion of Northern France; the other four were dispersed in southern France and the Netherlands.
Hitler reserved to himself the authority to move the divisions in OKW Reserve, or commit them to action.
On 6 June many Panzer division commanders were unable to move because Hitler had not given the necessary authorisation, and his staff refused to wake him upon news of the invasion.
Article: Mexico
Section: Science and technology

Question: What year was the National Autonomous University of Mexico established

The National Autonomous University of Mexico was officially established in 1910, and the university become one of the most important institutes of higher learning in Mexico.
UNAM provides world class education in science, medicine, and engineering.
Many scientific institutes and new institutes of higher learning, such as National Polytechnic Institute (founded in 1936), were established during the first half of the 20th century.
Most of the new research institutes were created within UNAM.
Twelve institutes were integrated into UNAM from 1929 to 1973.
In 1959, the Mexican Academy of Sciences was created to coordinate scientific efforts between academics.
In 1995 the Mexican chemist Mario J. Molina shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Paul J. Crutzen and F. Sherwood Rowland for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone.
Molina, an alumnus of UNAM, became the first Mexican citizen to win the Nobel Prize in science.
In recent years, the largest scientific project being developed in Mexico was the construction of the Large Millimeter Telescope (Gran Telescopio Milimétrico, GMT), the world's largest and most sensitive single-aperture telescope in its frequency range.
It was designed to observe regions of space obscured by stellar dust.
Article: Korean War
Section: Armistice (July 1953 – November 1954)

Question: How many of the 4,219 returned remains were not identified by name?

Armistice (July 1953 – November 1954).
The on-again, off-again armistice negotiations continued for two years, first at Kaesong (southern North Korea), then relocated at Panmunjom (bordering the Koreas).
A major, problematic negotiation point was prisoner of war (POW) repatriation.
The PVA, KPA, and UN Command could not agree on a system of repatriation because many PVA and KPA soldiers refused to be repatriated back to the north, which was unacceptable to the Chinese and North Koreans.
In the final armistice agreement, signed on 27 July 1953, a Neutral Nations Repatriation Commission was set up to handle the matter.
In 1952, the US elected a new president, and on 29 November 1952, the president-elect, Dwight D. Eisenhower, went to Korea to learn what might end the Korean War.
With the United Nations' acceptance of India's proposed Korean War armistice, the KPA, the PVA, and the UN Command ceased fire with the battle line approximately at the 38th parallel.
Upon agreeing to the armistice, the belligerents established the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), which has since been patrolled by the KPA and ROKA, US, and Joint UN Commands.
The Demilitarized Zone runs northeast of the 38th parallel; to the south, it travels west.
The old Korean capital city of Kaesong, site of the armistice negotiations, originally lay in the pre-war ROK, but now is in the DPRK.
The United Nations Command, supported by the United States, the North Korean People's Army, and the Chinese People's Volunteers, signed the Armistice Agreement on 27 July 1953 to end the fighting.
The Armistice also called upon the governments of South Korea, North Korea, China and the United States to participate in continued peace talks.
The war is considered to have ended at this point, even though there was no peace treaty.
North Korea nevertheless claims that it won the Korean War.
After the war, Operation Glory (July–November 1954) was conducted to allow combatant countries to exchange their dead.
The remains of 4,167 US Army and US Marine Corps dead were exchanged for 13,528 KPA and PVA dead, and 546 civilians dead in UN prisoner-of-war camps were delivered to the ROK government.
After Operation Glory, 416 Korean War unknown soldiers were buried in the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific (The Punchbowl), on the island of Oahu, Hawaii.
Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office (DPMO) records indicate that the PRC and the DPRK transmitted 1,394 names, of which 858 were correct.
From 4,167 containers of returned remains, forensic examination identified 4,219 individuals.
Of these, 2,944 were identified as American, and all but 416 were identified by name.
From 1996 to 2006, the DPRK recovered 220 remains near the Sino-Korean border.
Article: Romania
Section: Social welfare

Question: What percentage of Romanians were unemployed in 2011?

In 1990, after the fall of the communist regime, the whole system was reformed.
It was divided into multiple categories (healthcare, child care, adults and elderly), and the concept of generalized social welfare became reduced in scale.
Families or mothers do not pay for giving birth, which is subsidized by state tax revenues.
As soon as mothers give birth, they are entitled to vacation.
They receive aid which amounts 75% of their net income, without a limit being set.
After the age of two, children receive an allowance of approximately €9 per month up until the age of 18, although they must attend school in order to receive it.
Adults are also able to apply for unemployment aid.
The amount varies from case to case, but is generally comparable to the minimum wage.
The unemployment aid can be granted if the payer has contributed and if they can prove they are actively seeking for a job.
The unemployment aid is granted on a time-limited, individually determined basis.
The unemployment rate in Romania has been relatively low in recent years and stands at around 5% in 2011.
The pension system was also reformed.
The current average retirement age (55 years for women and 57 years for men) will be gradually increased until 2014 to 60 years for women and 65 years for men.
Pension is granted nonetheless of the contributions made during one's lifetime.
It increases proportionally with the contribution a person made during their working age.
Some retirees have pensions that overcome the medium salary, but a third of them live off with a pension equal to or under the minimum wage.
Pension is provided by the state.
Article: Leonardo da Vinci
Section: Paintings of the 1490s

Question: What medium did Leonardo Da Vinci use to paint The Last Supper?

Leonardo's most famous painting of the 1490s is "The Last Supper", painted for the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria della Grazie in Milan.
The painting represents the last meal shared by Jesus with his disciples before his capture and death.
It shows specifically the moment when Jesus has just said "one of you will betray me".
Leonardo tells the story of the consternation that this statement caused to the twelve followers of Jesus.
The novelist Matteo Bandello observed Leonardo at work and wrote that some days he would paint from dawn till dusk without stopping to eat and then not paint for three or four days at a time.
This was beyond the comprehension of the prior of the convent, who hounded him until Leonardo asked Ludovico to intervene.
Vasari describes how Leonardo, troubled over his ability to adequately depict the faces of Christ and the traitor Judas, told the Duke that he might be obliged to use the prior as his model.
When finished, the painting was acclaimed as a masterpiece of design and characterisation, but it deteriorated rapidly, so that within a hundred years it was described by one viewer as "completely ruined".
Leonardo, instead of using the reliable technique of fresco, had used tempera over a ground that was mainly gesso, resulting in a surface which was subject to mold and to flaking.
Despite this, the painting has remained one of the most reproduced works of art, countless copies being made in every medium from carpets to cameos.
Article: All Is Lost
Section: Filming

Question: How long did it take to shoot All Is Lost?

Principal photography began in mid-2012 at Baja Studios in Rosarito Beach in Mexico.
Baja Studios was originally built for the 1997 film "Titanic".
Filming took place for two months in the location's water tank.
At a press conference after the film's screening at Cannes 2013, Redford revealed that his ear was damaged during the production.
Being filmed on the water and largely within the confines of a sailboat and liferaft, the film was technically difficult.
It joined ranks with other water-plagued films: Alfred Hitchcock's "Lifeboat"; Roman Polanski's "Knife in the Water"; Kevin Costner's "Waterworld"; James Cameron's "Titanic"; Robert Zemeckis's "Cast Away" and Stephen Spielberg's "Jaws".
Article: Michelangelo
Section: Architecture

Question: What year did Michealangelo complete St.Peters basilica?

Michelangelo's architectural commissions included a number that were not realised, notably the facade for Brunelleschi's Church of San Lorenzo in Florence, for which Michelangelo had a wooden model constructed, but which remains to this day unfinished rough brick.
At the same church, Giulio de' Medici (later Pope Clement VII) commissioned him to design the Medici Chapel and the tombs of Giuliano and Lorenzo Medici.
Pope Clement also commissioned the Laurentian Library, for which Michelangelo also designed the extraordinary vestibule with columns recessed into niches, and a staircase that appears to spill out of the library like a flow of lava, according to Pevsner, "...revealing Mannerism in its most sublime architectural form.
"In 1546 Michelangelo produced the highly complex ovoid design for the pavement of the Campidoglio and began designing an upper storey for the Farnese Palace.
In 1547 he took on the job of completing St Peter's Basilica, begun to a design by Bramante, and with several intermediate designs by several architects.
Michelangelo returned to Bramante's design, retaining the basic form and concepts by simplifying and strengthening the design to create a more dynamic and unified whole.
Although the late 16th-century engraving depicts the dome as having a hemispherical profile, the dome of Michelangelo's model is somewhat ovoid and the final product, as completed by Giacomo della Porta is more so.
Article: Atomic number
Section: The periodic table and a natural number for each element

Question: What were Mendeleev's assertations concerning the first periodic table?

The periodic table and a natural number for each element.
Loosely speaking, the existence or construction of a periodic table of elements creates an ordering of the elements, and so they can be numbered in order.
Dmitri Mendeleev claimed that he arranged his first periodic tables in order of atomic weight ("Atomgewicht").
However, in consideration of the elements' observed chemical properties, he changed the order slightly and placed tellurium (atomic weight 127.6) ahead of iodine (atomic weight 126.9).
This placement is consistent with the modern practice of ordering the elements by proton number, "Z", but that number was not known or suspected at the time.
A simple numbering based on periodic table position was never entirely satisfactory, however.
Besides the case of iodine and tellurium, later several other pairs of elements (such as argon and potassium, cobalt and nickel) were known to have nearly identical or reversed atomic weights, thus requiring their placement in the periodic table to be determined by their chemical properties.
However the gradual identification of more and more chemically similar lanthanide elements, whoise atomic number was not obvious, led to inconsistency and uncertainty in the periodic numbering of elements at least from lutetium (element 71) onwards (hafnium was not known at this time).
[[File:Henry Moseley.jpg|140px|thumb|Henry Moseley helped develop the concept of atomic number by showing experimentally (1913) that Van den Broek's 1911 hypothesis combined with the Bohr model nearly correctly predicted atomic X-ray emissions.]]
Article: Hamburger
Section: Variations

Question: What else can go in burgers besides beef?

Burgers can also be made with patties made from ingredients other than beef.
For example, a "turkey burger" uses ground turkey meat, a "chicken burger" uses ground chicken meat.
A "buffalo burger" uses ground meat from a bison, and an "ostrich burger" is made from ground seasoned ostrich meat.
A deer burger uses ground venison from deer.
A "veggie burger", "garden burger", or "tofu burger" uses a meat analogue, a meat substitute such as tofu, TVP, seitan (wheat gluten), quorn, beans, grains or an assortment of vegetables, ground up and mashed into patties.
Article: Salvador Dalí
Section: Final years

Question: What symptoms did Salvador Dali suffer from?

In 1980 at age 76, Dalí's health took a catastrophic turn.
His right hand trembled terribly, with Parkinson-like symptoms.
His near-senile wife, Gala Dalí, allegedly had been dosing him with a dangerous cocktail of unprescribed medicine that damaged his nervous system, thus causing an untimely end to his artistic capacity.
In 1982, King Juan Carlos bestowed on Dalí the title of "Marqués de Dalí de Púbol" ("Marquis of Dalí de Púbol") in the nobility of Spain, hereby referring to Púbol, the place where he lived.
The title was in first instance hereditary, but on request of Dalí changed to life only in 1983.
To show his gratitude for this, Dalí later gave the king a drawing ("Head of Europa", which would turn out to be Dalí's final drawing) after the king visited him on his deathbed.
Gala died on June 10, 1982, at the age of 87.
After Gala's death, Dalí lost much of his will to live.
He deliberately dehydrated himself, possibly as a suicide attempt, with claims stating he had tried to put himself into a state of suspended animation as he had read that some microorganisms could do.
He moved from Figueres to the castle in Púbol, which he had bought for Gala and had been the site of her death.
In 1984, a fire broke out in his bedroom under unclear circumstances.
It was possibly a suicide attempt by Dalí, or possibly simple negligence by his staff.
Dalí was rescued by friend and collaborator Robert Descharnes and returned to Figueres, where a group of his friends, patrons, and fellow artists saw to it that he was comfortable living in his Theater-Museum in his final years.
There have been allegations that Dalí was forced by his guardians to sign blank canvases that would later, even after his death, be used in forgeries and sold as originals.
As a result, art dealers tend to be wary of late works attributed to Dalí.
In November 1988, Dalí entered the hospital with heart failure; a pacemaker had already been implanted previously.
On December 5, 1988, he was visited by King Juan Carlos, who confessed that he had always been a serious devotee of Dalí.
On January 23, 1989, while his favorite record of "Tristan and Isolde" played, he died of heart failure at Figueres at the age of 84.
He is buried in the crypt of his Teatro Museo in Figueres.
The location is across the street from the church of "Sant Pere", where he had his baptism, first communion, and funeral, and is only three blocks from the house where he was born.
The Gala-Salvador Dalí Foundation currently serves as his official estate.
The US copyright representative for the Gala-Salvador Dalí Foundation is the Artists Rights Society.
In 2002, the Society made the news when they asked Google to remove a customized version of its logo put up to commemorate Dalí, alleging that portions of specific artworks under their protection had been used without permission.
Google complied with the request, but denied that there was any copyright violation.
Article: Times Square
Section: 1900s–1970s

Question: On what date was Times Square renamed?

In 1904, "New York Times" publisher Adolph S. Ochs moved the newspaper's operations to a new skyscraper on 42nd Street at Longacre Square.
Ochs persuaded Mayor George B. McClellan, Jr. to construct a subway station there, and the area was renamed "Times Square" on April 8, 1904.
Just three weeks later, the first electrified advertisement appeared on the side of a bank at the corner of 46th Street and Broadway.
"The New York Times", according to Nolan, moved to more spacious offices west of the square in 1913.
The old Times Building was later named the Allied Chemical Building.
Now known simply as One Times Square, it is famed for the Times Square Ball drop on its roof every New Year's Eve.
In 1913, the Lincoln Highway Association, headed by entrepreneur Carl G. Fisher, chose the intersection of 42nd Street and Broadway, at the southeast corner of Times Square, to be the Eastern Terminus of the Lincoln Highway, the first road across the United States, which originally spanned coast-to-coast through 13 states to its Western Terminus in Lincoln Park in San Francisco, California.
As the growth in New York City continued, Times Square quickly became a cultural hub full of theaters, music halls, and upscale hotels.
Celebrities such as Irving Berlin, Fred Astaire, and Charlie Chaplin were closely associated with Times Square in the 1910s and 1920s.
During this period, the area was nicknamed "The Tenderloin" because it was supposedly the most desirable location in Manhattan.
However, it was during this period that the area was besieged by crime and corruption, in the form of gambling and prostitution; one case that garnered huge attention was the arrest and subsequent execution of police officer Charles Becker.
The general atmosphere changed with the onset of the Great Depression in the 1930s.
Times Square acquired a reputation as a dangerous neighborhood in the following decades.
From the 1960s to the early 1990s, the seediness of the area, especially due its go-go bars, sex shops, and adult theaters, became an infamous symbol of the city's decline.
Article: Michelangelo
Section: Architecture

Question: Which piece of work listed did Michelangelo create a wooden model for, but it was never finished?

Michelangelo's architectural commissions included a number that were not realised, notably the facade for Brunelleschi's Church of San Lorenzo in Florence, for which Michelangelo had a wooden model constructed, but which remains to this day unfinished rough brick.
At the same church, Giulio de' Medici (later Pope Clement VII) commissioned him to design the Medici Chapel and the tombs of Giuliano and Lorenzo Medici.
Pope Clement also commissioned the Laurentian Library, for which Michelangelo also designed the extraordinary vestibule with columns recessed into niches, and a staircase that appears to spill out of the library like a flow of lava, according to Pevsner, "...revealing Mannerism in its most sublime architectural form.
"In 1546 Michelangelo produced the highly complex ovoid design for the pavement of the Campidoglio and began designing an upper storey for the Farnese Palace.
In 1547 he took on the job of completing St Peter's Basilica, begun to a design by Bramante, and with several intermediate designs by several architects.
Michelangelo returned to Bramante's design, retaining the basic form and concepts by simplifying and strengthening the design to create a more dynamic and unified whole.
Although the late 16th-century engraving depicts the dome as having a hemispherical profile, the dome of Michelangelo's model is somewhat ovoid and the final product, as completed by Giacomo della Porta is more so.