community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Nordic combined
Section: Cross-country skiing equipment

Question: How long are cross country skis?

 Bindings
 Bindings secure only the toe of the boot to the ski.
 Boots
 The skating shoe is fixed to the ski with a binding, holding the toe firm.
The rear of the boot is built up to shore up the ankle, which is constantly under pressure in skating technique.
 Poles
 Long and straight, often reaching up as high as a competitor's nose, with a specially shaped basket designed to allow skiers to push hard and evacuate snow.
 Skis
 Narrower and lighter than those used in Alpine skiing.
They have long, curved ends and rise up slightly in the middle.
They can be up to 2 meters long.
 Suit
 Uses stretch fabric hugging the body, similar to a runner’s training clothing.
 Wax
 Glide wax is crucial, and determined by snow and weather conditions.
Article: Battle of Austerlitz
Section: Allied plans and dispositions

Question: Who was given the authority that the Russian Tsar stripped from Commander in chief M.I. Kutuzov?

An Allied council met on 1 December to discuss proposals for the battle.
Most of the Allied strategists had two fundamental ideas in mind: making contact with the enemy and securing the southern flank that held the communication line to Vienna.
Although the Tsar and his immediate entourage pushed hard for a battle, Emperor Francis of Austria was more cautious and, as mentioned, he was seconded by Kutuzov, the Commander-in-chief of the Russians and the Allied troop.
The pressure to fight from the Russian nobles and the Austrian commanders, however, was too strong, and the Allies adopted the plan of the Austrian Chief of Staff, Franz von Weyrother.
This called for a main drive against the French right flank, which the Allies noticed was lightly guarded, and diversionary attacks against the French left.
The Allies deployed most of their troops into four columns that would attack the French right.
The Russian Imperial Guard was held in reserve while Russian troops under Bagration guarded the Allied right.
The Russian Tsar rudely stripped the authority of Commander-in-chief M. I. Kutuzov and gave it to Franz von Weyrother.
In the battle, Kutuzov could only command the IV Corps of the Allied army, although he was still the "de jure" commander because the Tsar was afraid to take over in case his favored plan failed.
Article: Ramen
Section: "Tampopo"

Question: What food was a large part of the Japanese comedy film "Tampopo"?

Use in motion pictures.
The production and consumption of ramen was a large part of the 1985 Japanese comedy film "Tampopo" by director Juzo Itami.
Two truck drivers, Goro and Gun (Tsutomu Yamazaki and Ken Watanabe), help the widowed Tampopo (Nobuko Miyamoto) with her failing ramen shop.
Food in every aspect of life is the overarching theme, but the art of good ramen is touched upon several times throughout the film as Goro and Gun help her learn how to make the best ramen.
Article: Doughnut
Section: China

Question: What is the Cantonese version of a doughnut-style pastry?

A few sweet, doughnut-style pastries are regional in nature.
Cantonese cuisine features an oval-shaped pastry called "ngàuhleisōu" (牛脷酥, lit.
"ox-tongue pastry" due to its tongue-like shape).
A spherical food called" saa1 jung" (沙翁) which is also similar to cream puff, but denser in texture (doughnut-like texture) with sugar sprinkled on top, is normally available in Cantonese restaurants in the dim sum style.
An oilier Beijing variant of this called 高力豆沙, "gaoli dousha", is filled with red bean paste; originally, it was made with egg white instead of dough.
Many Chinese cultures make a chewy doughnut known as "shuangbaotai" (雙包胎), which consists of two conjoined balls of dough.
Chinese restaurants in the US sometimes serve small fried pastries similar to doughnut holes, served with condensed milk as a sauce.
Chinese cuisine features long, deep-fried doughnut sticks that are often quite oily, hence their name in Mandarin, "yóutiáo" (油條, lit.
oil strips.
); in Cantonese, this doughnut-style pastry is called "yàuhjagwái" (油炸鬼, "ghosts fried in oil").
These pastries are not sweet and are often served with congee, a traditional rice porridge.
Article: Chocolate brownie
Section: Myths about creation

Question: What is the most popular myth about the brownie's creation?

There are three main myths about the creation of the brownie.
The first, that a chef accidentally added melted chocolate to biscuit dough.
The second, a cook forgot to add flour to the batter.
And thirdly, the most popular belief, that a housewife did not have baking powder and improvised with this new treat.
It was said that she was baking for guests and decided to serve these flattened cakes to them.
All three myths have gained popularity throughout the years.
Article: Turn Me On (David Guetta song)
Section: Synopsis

Question: David Guetta creates who out of mechanical parts?

Set in a steampunk world, Guetta plays a mad scientist creating his very own Nicki Minaj from mechanical parts.
The clip opens on Guetta, perhaps trying out some early cosmetic-surgery tactics, putting the final touches on his Minaj doll plans.
Then it focuses on the mechanisms behind the Nicki being: latex lips, brass wiring, tubing and various other gizmos.
As the song hits the chorus for the first time, fans get a view of his creation.
Her plastic skin is shiny and completely bare as she slowly transforms into the very human-looking Nicki.
Seemingly pleased with his creation, Guetta unleashes it onto the world.
The entrance to the second verse shows Minaj, dressed in a long black dress, black top hat and shocking pink hip-length hair, leaving Guetta's studio through two black gates and is now free to roam the streets, filled with other doll-like creatures who can't help but stare at Guetta's incredibly lifelike creation.
With Minaj continuing her journey through town, the other jealous doll creatures make their way to Guetta's lab, where he begins to work on them too, giving them more lifelike appearances.
The female creatures then discover that he is a doll himself, however, his interior resembles chainmail.
The female dolls then start to feel him.
Meanwhile, Nicki is surrounded by the male dolls as she belts out the song.
As the video finishes, Minaj is spotted riding her horse around town, as the female dolls make their escape from Guetta's place of business.
Article: Brazil
Section: Military

Question: When was the last time Brazil was invaded?

The armed forces of Brazil are the second-largest in Latin America, consist of the Brazilian Army, the Brazilian Navy, and the Brazilian Air Force with a total of 371,199 active personnel.
The Army has 235,978 active personnel.
The Military Police (States' Military Police) is described as an ancillary force of the Army by the constitution, but is under the control of each state's governor.
The Navy once operated some of the most powerful warships in the world with the two dreadnoughts, which sparked a South American dreadnought race between Argentina, Brazil, and Chile.
Today, it is a green water force and one of the ten navies that possesses an aircraft carrier.
The Air Force has about 700 manned aircraft in service.
Brazil has not been invaded since 1865 during the Paraguayan War.
Additionally, Brazil has no contested territorial disputes with any of its neighbours and neither does it have rivalries, like Chile and Bolivia have with each other.
Since 1648 the Brazilian Armed Forces have been relied upon to fight in defense of Brazilian sovereignty and to suppress civil rebellions.
The Brazilian military has also three times intervened militarily to overthrow the Brazilian government.
It has built a tradition of participating in UN peacekeeping missions such as in Haiti and East Timor.
Article: Seafood
Section: Sustainability

Question: What does research on seafood population trends indicate for the future?

Research into population trends of various species of seafood is pointing to a global collapse of seafood species by 2048.
Such a collapse would occur due to pollution and overfishing, threatening oceanic ecosystems, according to some researchers.
A major international scientific study released in November 2006 in the journal "Science" found that about one-third of all fishing stocks worldwide have collapsed (with a collapse being defined as a decline to less than 10% of their maximum observed abundance), and that if current trends continue all fish stocks worldwide will collapse within fifty years.
In July 2009, Boris Worm of Dalhousie University, the author of the November 2006 study in "Science," co-authored an update on the state of the world's fisheries with one of the original study's critics, Ray Hilborn of the University of Washington at Seattle.
The new study found that through good fisheries management techniques even depleted fish stocks can be revived and made commercially viable again.
The FAO State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2004 report estimates that in 2003, of the main fish stocks or groups of resources for which assessment information is available, "approximately one-quarter were overexploited, depleted or recovering from depletion (16%, 7% and 1% respectively) and needed rebuilding.
"The National Fisheries Institute, a trade advocacy group representing the United States seafood industry, disagree.
They claim that currently observed declines in fish population are due to natural fluctuations and that enhanced technologies will eventually alleviate whatever impact humanity is having on oceanic life.
Article: Donatello
Section: In Padua

Question: What did Padua call Donatello?

In 1443, Donatello was called to Padua by the heirs of the famous condottiero Erasmo da Narni, who had died that year.
Completed in 1450 and placed in the square facing the Basilica of St. Anthony, his equestrian statue of Erasmo (better known as the "Gattamelata", or "Honey-Cat") was the first example of such a monument since ancient times.
(Other equestrian statues, from the 14th century, had not been executed in bronze and had been placed over tombs rather than erected independently, in a public place.)
This work became the prototype for other equestrian monuments executed in Italy and Europe in the following centuries.
For the Basilica of St. Anthony, Donatello created, most famously, the bronze Crucifix of 1444–1447 and additional statues for the choir, including a "Madonna with Child" and six saints, constituting a Holy Conversation, which is no longer visible since the renovation by Camillo Boito in 1895.
The "Madonna with Child" portrays the Child being displayed to the faithful, on a throne flanked by two sphinxes, allegorical figures of knowledge.
On the throne's back is a relief of Adam and Eve.
During this period—1446–50—Donatello also executed four extremely important reliefs with scenes from the life of St. Anthony for the high altar.
Article: Body of Proof
Section: Ratings

Question: When did Body of Proof premiere?

The series premiere (Tuesday, March 29, 2011) drew 14 million viewers.
It finished in the top 10 in Nielsen ratings for the week, and was the second-most watched premiere of the 2010–11 season, following the CBS series "Hawaii Five-0".
ABC ran the second episode on Sunday April 3, 2011; it dropped to 8.5 million viewers.
The third episode aired two days later and drew 11 million viewers; the show again won its time slot.
The first season averaged 13.68 million viewers making it the second most-watched scripted drama on ABC.
Article: Shabu-shabu
Section: Preparation

Question: What is served with tofu and vegetables, including Chinese cabbage?

The dish was originally made with thinly sliced beef , but some versions use pork, crab, chicken, lamb, duck, or lobster.
Most often, ribeye steak is used, but less tender cuts, such as top sirloin, are also common.
A more expensive meat, such as "wagyū", may also be used.
It is usually served with tofu and vegetables, including Chinese cabbage, chrysanthemum leaves, "nori" (edible seaweed), onions, carrots, shiitake mushrooms and enokitake mushrooms.
In some places, "udon", "mochi" or "harusame" noodles may also be served.
The dish is prepared by submerging a thin slice of meat or a piece of vegetable in a pot of boiling water or "dashi" (broth) made with "konbu" (kelp) and stirring it.
Cooked meat and vegetables are usually dipped in "ponzu" or "goma" (sesame seed) sauce before eating, and served with a bowl of steamed white rice.
Once the meat and vegetables have been eaten, leftover broth from the pot is customarily combined with the remaining rice, and the resulting soup is usually eaten last.
Article: Track and field
Section: Multi-sport events

Question: Where do track and field events typically take place?

Mirroring the role that track and field events have at the Summer Olympics and Paralympics, the sport is featured within the athletics programmes of many major multi-sport events.
Among some of the first of these events to follow the Olympic-style model were the World University Games in 1923, the Commonwealth Games in 1930, and the Maccabiah Games in 1932.
The number of major multi-sport events greatly increased during the 20th century and thus did the number of track and field events held within them.
Typically, track and field events are hosted at the main stadium of the games.
After the Olympic and Paralympic Games, the most prominent events for track and field athletes include the three IOC-sanctioned continental games: the All-Africa Games, Asian Games, and the Pan American Games.
Other games such as the Commonwealth Games and Summer Universiade, and World Masters Games have significant participation from track and field athletes.
Track and field is also present at the national games level, with competitions such as the Chinese National Games serving as the most prestigious national competition for domestic track and field athletes.
Article: South Park
Section: Merchandising

Question: How much revenue was generated by South Park merchandise in its first season?

Merchandising related to the show is an industry which generates several million dollars a year.
In 1998, the top-selling specialty T-shirt in the United States was based on "South Park", and US$30 million in T-shirt sales was reached during the show's first season.
A "South Park" pinball machine was released in 1999 by Sega Pinball.
The companies Fun 4 All, Mezco Toyz, and Mirage have produced various South Park action figures, collectibles, and plush dolls.
Comedy Central entered into an agreement with Frito-Lay to sell 1.5 million bags of Cheesy Poofs, Cartman's favorite snack from the show, at Wal-Mart until the premiere of the second half of the fifteenth season on October 5, 2011.
Article: Shrek
Section: Music

Question: Who is the artist that sang the song "I'm a believer" at the end of Shrek?

"Shrek" is the third DreamWorks animated film (and the only film in the Shrek series) to have Harry Gregson-Williams team up with John Powell to composes the score (after "Antz" (1998) and "Chicken Run" (2000)).
"Shrek" introduced a new element to give the film a unique feel.
The film used pop music and other Oldies to make the story more forward.
Covers of songs like "On the Road Again" and "Try a Little Tenderness" were integrated in the film's score.
As the film was about to be completed, Katzenberg suggested to the filmmakers to redo the film's ending in order to "go out with a big laugh"; Instead of ending film with just a storybook closing over Shrek and Fiona as they ride off into the sunset, they decided to add a song "I'm a Believer" covered by Smash Mouth and show all the fairytale creatures in the film.
Although Rufus Wainwright's version of the song "Hallelujah" appeared in the soundtrack album, it was John Cale's version that appeared in the film; in a radio interview, Rufus Wainwright suggested that his version of "Hallelujah" did not appear in the film due to the "glass ceiling" he was hitting because of his sexuality.
An alternate explanation posits that because Wainwright was an artist for DreamWorks and John Cale was not, thus licensing issues prohibited Cale's version from appearing in the soundtrack album, despite having the filmmakers wanting to have Cale's version appear in the film.
Article: RNA
Section: Regulatory RNAs

Question: What kind of RNAs do animals have?

Several types of RNA can downregulate gene expression by being complementary to a part of an mRNA or a gene's DNA.
MicroRNAs (miRNA; 21-22 nt) are found in eukaryotes and act through RNA interference (RNAi), where an effector complex of miRNA and enzymes can cleave complementary mRNA, block the mRNA from being translated, or accelerate its degradation.
While small interfering RNAs (siRNA; 20-25 nt) are often produced by breakdown of viral RNA, there are also endogenous sources of siRNAs.
siRNAs act through RNA interference in a fashion similar to miRNAs.
Some miRNAs and siRNAs can cause genes they target to be methylated, thereby decreasing or increasing transcription of those genes.
Animals have Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNA; 29-30 nt) that are active in germline cells and are thought to be a defense against transposons and play a role in gametogenesis.
Many prokaryotes have CRISPR RNAs, a regulatory system similar to RNA interference.
Antisense RNAs are widespread; most downregulate a gene, but a few are activators of transcription.
One way antisense RNA can act is by binding to an mRNA, forming double-stranded RNA that is enzymatically degraded.
There are many long noncoding RNAs that regulate genes in eukaryotes, one such RNA is Xist, which coats one X chromosome in female mammals and inactivates it.
An mRNA may contain regulatory elements itself, such as riboswitches, in the 5' untranslated region or 3' untranslated region; these cis-regulatory elements regulate the activity of that mRNA.
The untranslated regions can also contain elements that regulate other genes.
Article: Cycling
Section: Bicycle Touring

Question: What began in 1891?

Bicycle Touring.
Bicycles are used for recreation at all ages.
Bicycle touring, also known as cyclotourism, involves touring and exploration or sightseeing by bicycle for leisure.
A brevet or randonnée is an organized long-distance ride.
One popular Dutch pleasure is the enjoyment of relaxed cycling in the countryside of the Netherlands.
The land is very flat and full of public bicycle trails where cyclists are not bothered by cars and other traffic, which makes it ideal for cycling recreation.
Many Dutch people subscribe every year to an event called "fietsvierdaagse" — four days of organised cycling through the local environment.
Paris–Brest–Paris (PBP), which began in 1891, is the oldest bicycling event still run on a regular basis on the open road, covers over and imposes a 90-hour time limit.
Similar if smaller institutions exist in many countries.
Article: Suburgatory
Section: Main cast

Question: Who does Jane Levy play in Suburgatory?

 Jeremy Sisto as George Altman, a single father and architect from New York City, who decides to move upstate to the suburbs wanting a better life for his daughter, Tessa.
 Jane Levy as Tessa Altman, George's daughter, who is less than thrilled about her new suburban surroundings.
 Carly Chaikin as Dalia Oprah Royce, a materialistic and fashion-driven girl in the popular group at school who becomes Tessa's rival.
She is known to have a dry sense of humor and rarely smiles.
 Allie Grant as Lisa Marie Shay, Tessa's best friend and neighbor.
She is rather awkward and often very embarrassed by her family.
 Cheryl Hines as Dallas Royce, Dalia's mother and George's neighbor and later girlfriend.
She employs Tessa and is a mother figure to her when she needs advice.
 Ana Gasteyer as Sheila Shay (recurring, episodes 1–13; starring, episode 14–present), George and Tessa's nosy neighbor who lives directly across the street.
She is Fred's domineering wife and Lisa's very controlling mother.
 Chris Parnell as Fred Shay (recurring, season 1; starring, season 2–present), Sheila's husband and Lisa's father.
He is also Ryan's adoptive father, as it was found out at the end of Season 1 that Ryan was adopted by Sheila.
 Alan Tudyk as Noah Werner (starring, season 1–2; recurring, season 3–present), George's best friend, who is a dentist.
He often helps George assimilate into suburban culture, having moved out of the city some years earlier.
 Rex Lee as Mr. Wolfe (starring, season 1–2; recurring, season 3–present), the school guidance counselor, who is always in a good mood.
He is openly gay, after being inspired by Tessa to come out.
Article: Korean War
Section: Naval warfare

Question: What is the name of the ship during the Battle of Haeju that sunk a North Korean vessel?

Because neither Korea had a large navy, the Korean War featured few naval battles; mostly the combatant navies served as naval artillery for their in-country armies.
A skirmish between North Korea and the UN Command occurred on 2 July 1950; the US Navy cruiser USS "Juneau", the Royal Navy cruiser HMS "Jamaica", and the frigate HMS "Black Swan" fought four North Korean torpedo boats and two mortar gunboats, and sank them.
During most of the war, the UN navies patrolled the west and east coasts of North Korea and sank supply and ammunition ships to deny the sea to North Korea.
Aside from very occasional gunfire from North Korean shore batteries, the main threat to US and UN navy ships was from magnetic mines the North Koreans employed for defensive purposes.
During the war, five U.S. Navy ships were lost (two minesweepers, two minesweeper escorts, and one ocean tug) all of them to mines, while 87 other warships suffered from slight to moderate damage from North Korean coastal artillery.
The USS "Juneau" sank ammunition ships that had been present in her previous battle.
The last sea battle of the Korean War occurred at Inchon, days before the Battle of Incheon; the ROK ship "PC 703" sank a North Korean mine layer in the Battle of Haeju Island, near Inchon.
Three other supply ships were sunk by "PC-703" two days later in the Yellow Sea.