community-datasets/selqa huggingface dataset:
Article: Universal Studios Hollywood
Section: Lower lot

Question: What ride is a water adventure ride?

The Lower lot is the smaller of the two lots.
There are three thrill rides at this section of the park.
All three of the rides have certain height and ride restrictions.
It is home to ', "The NBC Universal Experience", "Revenge of the Mummy" (where E.T.
Adventure once stood) and most recently the home to '.
Jurassic Park: The ride is a water adventure ride.
Revenge of the Mummy is a high speed in-door roller coaster.
It is considered by some guests as the "scariest/most intense ride" of the park.
The last and newest ride at the lower lot is Transformers 3D: The Ride.
Transformers 3D: The ride uses high tech technology to simulate 3D technology.
It is somewhat similar to the Simpsons Ride, but with actual vehicle movement and includes more intense movements than the Simpsons Ride.
This is currently the most packed ride at the theme park and the ride with the longest wait time.
All 3 rides on the lower lot have a single rider line.
A single rider can use the single rider as many times he/she may desire to use.
Similar to other Universal theme parks around the world, where duplicates of Jurassic Park: The Ride exist, the area surrounding the ride features a Jurassic Park merchandise shop named Jurassic Outfitters and a dining facility named Jurassic Café.
Similarly a Revenge of the Mummy gift shop, called Tomb Treasures, greets guests as they exit that ride.
Article: Louisiana Purchase
Section: Financing

Question: Where was Francis Baring's son Alexander during the time of the negotiations?

The American government used $3 million in gold as a down payment, and issued bonds for the balance to pay France for the purchase.
Earlier that year, Francis Baring and Company of London had become the U.S. government's official banking agent in London.
Because of this favored position, the US asked the Baring firm to handle the transaction.
Francis Baring's son Alexander was in Paris at the time and helped in the negotiations.
Another Baring advantage was a close relationship with Hope and Company of Amsterdam.
The two banking houses worked together to facilitate and underwrite the Purchase.
Because Napoleon wanted to receive his money as quickly as possible, the two firms received the American bonds and paid cash to France.
Article: Magnetic resonance imaging
Section: MRI versus CT

Question: Is MRI bad?

MRI and computed tomography (CT) are complementary imaging technologies and each has advantages and limitations for particular applications.
CT is more widely used than MRI in OECD countries with a mean of 132 vs 46 exams per 1000 population performed respectively.
A concern is the potential for CT to contribute to radiation-induced cancer and in 2007 it was estimated that 0.4% of current cancers in the United States were due to CTs performed in the past, and that in the future this figure may rise to 1.5–2% based on historical rates of CT usage.
An Australian study found that one in every 1800 CT scans was associated with an excess cancer.
An advantage of MRI is that no ionizing radiation is used and so it is recommended over CT when either approach could yield the same diagnostic information.
However, although the cost of MRI has fallen, making it more competitive with CT, there are not many common imaging scenarios in which MRI can simply replace CT, although this substitution has been suggested for the imaging of liver disease.
The effect of low doses of radiation on carcinogenesis are also disputed.
Although MRI is associated with biological effects, these have not been proven to cause measurable harm.
In a comparison of possible genotoxic effects of MRI compared with those of CT scans, Knuuti et al.
noted that although previous studies have demonstrated DNA damage associated with MRI, "the long-term biological and clinical significance of DNA double-strand breaks induced by MRI remains unknown".
Iodinated contrast medium is routinely used in CT and the main adverse events are anaphylactoid reactions and nephrotoxicity.
Commonly used MRI contrast agents have a good safety profile but linear non-ionic agents in particular have been implicated in nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with severely impaired renal function.MRI is contraindicated in the presence of MR-unsafe implants, and although these patients may be imaged with CT, beam hardening artefact from metallic devices, such as pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, may also affect image quality.
MRI is a longer investigation than CT and an exam may take between 20 - 40 mins depending on complexity.
Article: Marshall Plan
Section: The Speech

Question: Who was it who proffered American aid in order to help European recovery and reconstruction?

After the adjournment of the Moscow conference following six weeks of failed discussions with the Soviets regarding a potential German reconstruction, the United States concluded that a solution could not wait any longer.
To clarify the US's position, a major address by Secretary of State George Marshall was planned.
Marshall gave the address to the graduating class of Harvard University on June 5, 1947.
Standing on the steps of Memorial Church in Harvard Yard, he offered American aid to promote European recovery and reconstruction.
The speech described the dysfunction of the European economy and presented a rationale for US aid.
The modern system of the division of labor upon which the exchange of products is based is in danger of breaking down.
.
.
.
Aside from the demoralizing effect on the world at large and the possibilities of disturbances arising as a result of the desperation of the people concerned, the consequences to the economy of the United States should be apparent to all.
It is logical that the United States should do whatever it is able to do to assist in the return of normal economic health to the world, without which there can be no political stability and no assured peace.
Our policy is not directed against any country, but against hunger, poverty, desperation and chaos.
Any government that is willing to assist in recovery will find full co-operation on the part of the USA.
Its purpose should be the revival of a working economy in the world so as to permit the emergence of political and social conditions in which free institutions can exist.
Marshall was convinced that economic stability would provide political stability in Europe.
He offered aid, but the European countries had to organize the program themselves.
The speech, written by Charles Bohlen, contained virtually no details and no numbers.
More a proposal than a plan, it was presented vaguely and made little impact in America.
Eight weeks after the Harvard speech, the State Department wrote in a confidential memorandum that "The Marshall Plan has been compared to a flying saucer — nobody knows what it looks like, how big it is, in what direction it is moving, or whether it really exists."
The most important element of the speech was the call for the Europeans to meet and create their own plan for rebuilding Europe, and that the United States would then fund this plan.
The administration felt that the plan would likely be unpopular among many Americans, and the speech was mainly directed at a European audience.
In an attempt to keep the speech out of American papers journalists were not contacted, and on the same day Truman called a press conference to take away headlines.
In contrast, Dean Acheson, an Under Secretary of State, was dispatched to contact the European media, especially the British media, and the speech was read in its entirety on the BBC.
Article: Battle of Hastings
Section: Harold moves south

Question: Before arriving in Hastings, in what place did Harold stop briefly?

After defeating his brother Tostig and Harald Hardrada in the north, Harold left much of his forces in the north, including Morcar and Edwin, and marched the rest of his army south to deal with the threatened Norman invasion.
It is unclear when Harold learned of William's landing, but it was probably while he was travelling south.
Harold stopped in London, and was there for about a week before Hastings, so it is likely that he spent about a week on his march south, averaging about per day, for the approximately .
Harold camped at Caldbec Hill on the night of 13 October, near what was described as a "hoar-apple tree".
This location was about from William's castle at Hastings.
Some of the early contemporary French accounts mention an emissary or emissaries sent by Harold to William, which is likely.
Nothing came of these efforts.
Although Harold attempted to surprise the Normans, William's scouts reported the English arrival to the duke.
The exact events preceding the battle are obscure, with contradictory accounts in the sources, but all agree that William led his army from his castle and advanced towards the enemy.
Harold had taken a defensive position at the top of Senlac Hill (present-day Battle, East Sussex), about from William's castle at Hastings.
Article: Curry
Section: Curry in the West Indies

Question: What is the main type of curry in Jamaica and Trinidad?

 in the West Indies.
In the West Indies, curry is a very popular dish.
The Indian indentured servants that were brought over from India by different European powers, brought this dish, as well as their culture, to the West Indies.
In Jamaica and Trinidad, curried goat is prominently featured.
Curry can be found at both inexpensive and upscale Caribbean restaurants, and ingredients can range from chicken or vegetables to shellfish such as shrimp and scallops.
Examples of curries in the West Indies include:
 Jamaica: Especially curried chicken, goat, fish and shrimp.
 Trinidad and Tobago: Most notably curried chicken, duck, goat, beef (eaten by Muslims and Christians) shrimp, and curry aloo, along with various curried wild meats.
 Guyana: Chicken curry, goat curry, duck curry, shrimp curry, beef curry (eaten by Muslims and Christians), aloo curry (potato), fish (different varieties) curry, etc.
Article: The Motto
Section: Chart performance

Question: How many were sold in the first week for The Motto?

The song debuted at #18 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100 chart with first-week sales of 124,000.
In its 22nd week, it ascended to #14.
On the week of February 18, 2012, "The Motto" reached No.
1 on the U.S. Rap Chart making it his 12th No.
1 on the chart and extending his lead as the artist with the most No.
1 hits since the chart began.
The song has sold 3,113,000 copies in the US as of April 2013.
Article: Viva la Vida
Section: Sporting usage

Question: When did "Viva la Vida" became the anthem of Spanish football club FC Barcelona?

During the 2008/2009 season, the German football club Hamburger SV used "Viva la Vida" as their goal celebration song.
The song also became the anthem of Spanish football club FC Barcelona during the 2008–09 season.
It turned out to be a season of unprecedented success for the Spanish club in 2009, as they won all six competitions they could possible be involved in, which no football club has managed before in history.
The song was selected by the manager of the club, Josep Guardiola – himself a Coldplay fan – to help motivate and encourage his team.
It is often played at the Camp Nou before the start of a Barcelona match.
The song was also played during Pep Guardiola's farewell before his final match coaching Barcelona at the Nou Camp, a 4–0 victory against Espanyol on 5 May 2012.
The UEFA used "Viva la Vida" as the goal celebration song for the 2012 UEFA Champions League Final and Europa League Final.
The National Hockey League's New York Rangers play "Viva la Vida" at Madison Square Garden after victories.
The song was used by the Vancouver Canucks in a tribute video during Markus Näslund's number retirement ceremony held in Vancouver's Rogers Arena.
It was also used in Game 7 of the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals when the Boston Bruins won the Stanley Cup on Vancouver Ice.
The Kansas City Chiefs play the song at the end of home games in Arrowhead Stadium.
Additionally, it is also used by the Kansas City Royals to celebrate home runs and wins at Kauffman Stadium.
This is the at-bat music of Scott Rolen, third baseman of the Cincinnati Reds.
The song was also used pre match during every 2008 Rugby League World Cup game before the two teams took to the field.
Article: Gymnastics
Section: Landing

Question: What kind of force do gymnasts have to overcome with muscle force?

In an aerial routine, or any form of tumbling, landing is the final phase, following take off and flight This is a critical skill in terms of execution in competition scores, general performance, and injury occurrence.
Without the necessary magnitude of energy dissipation during impact, the risk of sustaining injuries during somersaulting increases.
These injuries commonly occur at the lower extremities and include; cartilage lesions, ligament tears, and bone bruises/fractures.
To avoid such injuries, and to receive a high performance score, proper technique must be used by the gymnast.
"The subsequent ground contact or impact landing phase must be achieved using a safe, aesthetic and well-executed double foot landing."
A successful landing in gymnastics is classified as soft, meaning the knee and hip joints are at greater than 63 degrees of flexion.
A higher flight phase results in a higher vertical ground reaction force.
Vertical ground reaction force represents external force which the gymnasts have to overcome with their muscle force and has an impact on the gymnasts linear and angular momentum.
Another important variable that affects linear and angular momentum is time the landing takes Gymnasts can alter the shape of the area by increasing the time taken to perform the landing.
Gymnasts can achieve this by increasing hip, knee and ankle amplitude.
With the increase of height, the amplitude in ankles knees and hips rise the bars.
Article: Grey's Anatomy
Section: Overview

Question: Will the Grey's Anatomy  season dependably end with a finale?

Series synopsis.
"Greys Anatomy" follows the lives of surgical interns and residents at the fictional Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital (formerly Seattle Grace Hospital, Season 1-6, Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital, Season 6-9, and then Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital, Season 9-present), as they gradually evolve into seasoned doctors, with the help of their competent mentors.
Every installment, typically, commences with a voice-over narrative from Meredith Grey, foreshadowing the theme of the episode.
Each season tends to represent the physicians' academic year, with each completed year qualifying the residents at a level higher in the surgical field.
The season will always end with a finale, typically involving a tragic event such as a death or character departure.
Most installments revolve around the doctors' everyday lives as surgeons, but the show puts an emphasis on their personal, rather than professional, lives.
The series sets aside medical ethics concerns to focus on character development and relationships.
Although the physicians treat the illnesses of their patients, often through complex surgeries, their primary motivation is customarily praise and competition.
The residents initially arrive at the hospital each morning and dispute with one another over who will care for a certain patient.
A hospital superior is in charge of assigning cases, often traversing to tense feelings between the residents and superiors.
Episodes migrate back and forth from the doctors interacting with their patients, and with their co-workers.
Once assigned a case, each doctor diagnoses the patient, with the help of his or her attending physician, which usually leads to surgery.
The surgeons tend to form personal connections with their patients, with a patient often conveying a message to his or her doctor, which unintentionally relates to the doctor's private life.
The show displays the growth of relationships between the doctors, either friendly or sexual, often stemming to a clash between their personal and professional lives.
Emotional scenes are often accompanied by an indie rock background song, something that has become a hallmark of the series.
At the conclusion of each episode, Meredith delivers another voice-over, typically contrasting or following up on her initial one.
Article: Diving
Section: Entry

Question: Divers must enter the water how according to the rules of diving?

The rules state that the body should be vertical, or nearly so, for entry.
Strictly speaking, it is physically impossible to achieve a literally vertical position throughout the entry as there will inevitably still be some rotational momentum while the body is entering the water.
Divers therefore attempt to create the illusion of being vertical, especially when performing rapidly rotating multiple somersault movements.
One technique is to allow the upper body to enter slightly short of vertical so that the continuing rotation leaves the final impression of the legs entering vertically.
Another is to use "entry save" movements of scooping the upper body underwater in the direction of rotation so as to counteract the rotation of the legs.
The arms must be beside the body for feet-first dives, which are typically competed only on the 1m springboard and only at fairly low levels of competition, and extended forwards in line for "head-first" dives, which are much more common competitively.
It used to be common for the hands to be interlocked with the fingers extended towards the water, but a different technique has become favoured during the last few decades.
Now the usual practice is for one hand to grasp the other with palms down to strike the water with a flat surface.
This creates a vacuum between the hands, arms and head which, with a vertical entry, will pull down and under any splash until deep enough to have minimal effect on the surface of the water (the so-called "rip entry").
Once a diver is completely under the water they may choose to roll or scoop in the same direction their dive was rotating to pull their legs into a more vertical position.
Article: Boston Tea Party
Section: Destruction of the tea

Question: What costumes were the men of the Boston Tea Party clothed in?

While Samuel Adams tried to reassert control of the meeting, people poured out of the Old South Meeting House headed out to prepare to take action.
In some cases, this involved donning what may have been elaborately prepared Mohawk costumes.
While disguising their individual faces was imperative, because of the illegality of their protest, dressing as Mohawk warriors was a very specific and symbolic choice.
It showed that the Sons of Liberty identified with America, over their official status as subjects of Great Britain.
That evening, a group of 30 to 130 men, some dressed in the Mohawk warrior disguises, boarded the three vessels and, over the course of three hours, dumped all 342 chests of tea into the water.
The precise location of the Griffin's Wharf site of the Tea Party has been subject to prolonged uncertainty; a comprehensive study places it near the foot of Hutchinson Street (today's Pearl Street).
Article: Disney California Adventure
Section: Live entertainment

Question: Can you find Disney character throughout the park?

Many Disney characters are found throughout the park, greeting visitors and posing for photos.
Some have specific areas where they are scheduled to appear, but can be found wandering as well.
"World of Color" is a nighttime show, designed by Walt Disney Creative Entertainment.
It has more than 1200 fountains and includes lasers, lights, and fire with high-definition projections on mist screens similar to the ones used in "Fantasmic!"
at Disneyland and Disney's Hollywood Studios at Walt Disney World.
Mad T Party is an interactive nighttime dance party inspired by Tim Burton's "Alice in Wonderland" film and is located in the Hollywood Land district.
It is considered a similar experience to Glow Fest, which was staged in the same area in summer 2010, and ElecTRONica, a similar event themed to Disney's "Tron" franchise that ended on April 15, 2012.
Mad T Party features lights, music, projections, and merchandise kiosk stands, a lounge and an interactive game area.
The event started on June 15, 2012.
Pixar Play Parade is a parade featuring floats and characters based on the Disney·Pixar films "Monsters Inc.", "The Incredibles", "Finding Nemo", "A Bug's Life", "Toy Story" and "Cars".
The parade originally had an additional section featuring characters from "Ratatouille" but was removed.
The floats feature small water jets that shoot water into the crowd of spectators.
The music used in the parade is derived from Hong Kong Disneyland's Mickey's WaterWorks Parade, sharing the same tunes.
Due to the massive construction in the park, the parade was on hiatus since January 2011 and returned in June 2012.
The Red Car News Boys musical group is found at Carthay Circle.
They appear via Red Car Trolley and inform guests about local news happenings in-song.
A Hollywood newcomer, Mickey Mouse, arrives and is motivated by the newsgroup to pursue his dream of seeking a career in Los Angeles.
The performance is partly inspired by the 1992 film, "Newsies".
The Five & Dime swing band consists of five male musicians and one female singer.
They perform in the cross-hairs of Buena Vista Street and Hollywood Land.
Article: Indonesia
Section: Abstract

Question: After which war did Indonesia secure it's independence?

Indonesia ( or ), officially the Republic of Indonesia ( ), is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia and Oceania.
Indonesia is an archipelago comprising 13,466 islands.
It encompasses 33 provinces and 1 Special Administrative Region (for being governed by a pre-colonial monarchy) with over 238 million people, making it the world's fourth most populous country.
Indonesia's republic form of government comprises an elected legislature and president.
The nation's capital city is Jakarta.
The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia.
Other neighboring countries include Singapore, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Indonesia is a founding member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies.
The Indonesian economy is the world's 16th largest by nominal GDP.
The Indonesian archipelago has been an important trade region since at least the 7th century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India.
Local rulers gradually absorbed foreign cultural, religious and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished.
Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources.
Muslim traders brought the now-dominant Islam, while European powers brought Christianity and fought one another to monopolize trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery.
Following three and a half centuries of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia secured its independence after World War II.
Indonesia's history has since been turbulent, with challenges posed by natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process, and periods of rapid economic change.
Indonesia consists of hundreds of distinct native ethnic and linguistic groups.
The largest – and politically dominant – ethnic group are the Javanese.
A shared identity has developed, defined by a national language, ethnic diversity, religious pluralism within a majority Muslim population, and a history of colonialism and rebellion against it.
Indonesia's national motto, ""Bhinneka Tunggal Ika"" ("Unity in Diversity" "literally," "many, yet one"), articulates the diversity that shapes the country.
Despite its large population and densely populated regions, Indonesia has vast areas of wilderness that support the world's second highest level of biodiversity.
The country has abundant natural resources, yet poverty remains widespread.