In chromaffin cells, acute regulation of serotonin transporters by protein kinase A and by calcium and calmodulin dependent kinse 2 were shown for the first time. Chronic treatment with cholera toxin decreased serotonin transporter activity. The acute regulation of serotonin transporters by protein kinase A along with the chronic regulation by cholera toxin, allowed investigation of protein kinase A signaling more rigorously in neurons and chromaffin cells. Phorbol ester, an activator of protein kinase C, inhibited 5-hydroxytryptamine or serotonin uptake. Description Microtubules are important cellular structures that are involved in cell division.
Several chemicals can be detrimental to theses systems.
This project involves the study of microtubule toxicity in a yeast model. Benomyl is widely used as a fungicide and causes male reproductive damage in rats and mice. Testicular toxicity may result from the same mechanism by which the compound acts as a fungicide, the inhibition of microtubule polymerization. These observations suggest that PLC1 activity may regulate microtubule stability in yeast. The metabolism of estrogen by cytochrome P450s and other enzymes is important to the function, including the development of breast and endometrial cancers.