Male walruses produce bell-like sounds below water. These sounds are not produced by the vocal cords but originate from air sacs, which extend from the pharynx. Calves bellow if disturbed. Adults engaged in dominance conflicts may snort, cough, or roar. B. Display Behavior.
Walruses communicate through auditory and visual displays.
During courtship, males display visually and vocally from the water. Stereotyped sequences of sounds occur both above and below water. Males engage in tusk-threat displays to establish dominance. C. Other Communication. Walruses communicate through sound, sight, touch, and smell.