This forest is a natural tree monoculture but is rich in other species of plants that grow beneath the canopy. It will soon be ready for a second harvest when it will once again be regenerated with native species of trees and other plants. It is not possible here to give an exhaustive definition of sustainable forestry. In British Columbia alone there are hundreds of statutes, regulations, and guidelines governing forest practices, many of which are aimed at ensuring sustainability. Issues such as road building standards, old-growth protection, wildlife preservation, fisheries, biological diversity, and forest renewal each require volumes of description and elaboration in themselves.
Sustainable forestry is a very complex subject.
But it is generally agreed that sustainable forestry must take into account the full range of values found on the land. These include non-material issues such as spiritual and cultural values as well as material concerns. There are special places in forests where natural features combine to encourage contemplation and wonder. There are places of deep cultural and historical significance where commercial activity must be curtailed. The material values range from the vast number of insect species to the growing of wood for human use to the protection of clean water and air.