The white shapes inside the letter-ground. Letters without serifs are called sans serifs. The height of the body of a lowercase letter like the letter x or a. It does not include the ascender or descender. Size Type size is measured from the top of the ascender to the bottom of the descender.
Type is measured in points.
There are 12 points in a pica and approximately 6 picas in an inch, so their are 72 points in an inch. The distribution of weight through the thinnest part of a letterform.