The importance of fairness lies not only in its moral value, but also in the utilitarian aspect that it pulls towards voluntary compliance. In a situation of extreme scarcity, fairness would not be sought. Legitimacy is affected by properties of the rule, by the process by which it was made, and by its implementation. Textual determinacy is the ability of a text to convey a clear message. A clear rule has more chance of being complied with and of being perceived as fair.
Symbolic validation communicates authority by means of cues.
These signal the importance of the relevant rule in the overall system of social order and the fact that it was adopted in accordance with right process. Examples include the symbols of pedigree and rituals in diplomatic practice. That is, generality and consistency of the rule increase its legitimacy. This does not mean that uniformity has always to be achieved. Adherence is the nexus between a rule of conduct and secondary rules governing the creation of rules.