This tissue is sent to a cytology laboratory for study. If the cells in the tissue biopsy show cancer, the tumor or area will be surgically removed. The lymph glands associated with the colorectal area may also be taken out and checked for signs of cancer. Radiation therapy may be used if the cancer has spread beyond the bowel wall. Chemotherapy may also be used, although it is less successful than other treatments.
Some individuals have a greater chance of developing cancer of the colon or rectal area.
If you belong to any of these groups, you should have a colorectal examination by a doctor once a year. You should also have screening tests, like the stool test for occult blood stool or a sigmoidoscopy, at regular intervals.