Bloody diarrhea is common in some infections with a resulting anemia. In general, the disease caused by coccidia varies not only with the state of the host, but with the species of coccidia, the degree of parasitism, and the site of infection. In addition to clinical signs associated withthe intestinalcell distruction, vague related signs may olso occur such as rough hair coat, poor weight gains or weight loss, and emaciation. In severly infected animals, death may occur and inothers, central nervous system disorders may be notable. Diagnosis is dependent on microscopic detection of oocysts in feces or by identification of endogenous stages obtained by scrapings of intestinal cells.
Treatment usually involves sulfonamides, nitrofurazone, or amprolium.
Amprolium appears to be both cocciciostatic and coccidiocidal. Cryptosporidium spp - This parasite is similar to most coccidia except that the organism is not considered to be host specific and is located in parasitophorous vacuoles just under the surface membrane of host cells or within its striated border rather than within host cells. Transmission is by the fecal-oral route. There are many species of Cryptosporidium capable of infecting many animals. Clinical cryptosporidial infections in calves are characterized by diarrhea often occuring around the second week of life.