The exact cause of Meniere's disease is unknown. Other risk factors include recent viral illness, respiratory infection, stress , fatigue , use of prescription or nonprescription drugs including aspirin, and a history of allergies , smoking , and alcohol use .
Treatment is focused on relieving symptoms by lowering the pressure within the endolymphatic sac.
Diuretics may lower endolymphatic pressure. Surgery on the labyrinth, endolymphatic sac, or the vestibular nerve may be required if symptoms are severe and do not respond to other treatment. Avoid sudden movements that may aggravate symptoms. Help may be needed with walking due to loss of balance . Rest during severe episodes, and gradually increase activity.