They are soft and usually enlarge with coughing or straining. Testicular cancer can present with or without pain. The mass usually feels firm and arises from the testicle. Occasionally, testicular cancer may appear with symptoms of metastasis , which could include cough, shortness of breath, or weight loss. This type mass illuminates behind the light, solid masses do not.
Testicular ultrasound is used to confirm the diagnosis.
Varicoceles are diagnosed by ultrasound, which identifies the blood filled veins. Epididymitis is diagnosed by urinalysis and physical exam. Sometimes ultrasound of the testicle is performed. Inguinal hernias are identified by physical exam. Upon coughing or straining, the hernias bulge more prominently in the scrotum.