It is bounded on the north by the Mediterranean Sea, on the east by Egypt, on the southeast by the Republic of Sudan, on the south by Chad and Niger, on the west by Algeria, and on the northwest by Tunisia.
Tripoli is the capital and largest city.
In the south the land rises to the Tibesti massif along the Chad border. A. Climate Climatic conditions in Libya are characterized by extreme heat and aridity. Desert and subdesert regions have little precipitation. The principal resource of Libya is petroleum. Natural gas, gypsum, limestone, marine salt, potash, and natron are also exploited.