They do not produce a hormone. Estrogen results in signs of feminization such as symmetric, nonpruritic alopecia with increased pigmentation, gynecomastia, attraction of other males, pendulous prepuce, infantile penis, and bone marrow suppression. Castration is the treatment for testicular tumors. Below is a large sertoli cell tumor in the right testicle and an enlarged prostate gland. Estrogen causes squamous metaplasia of prostatic cells with resultant enlargement of the prostate gland.
Testicular atrophy occurs in old dogs due to alterations in hormone concentrations.
Diseases of the prostate gland Prostatic hyperplasia is an increase in size. It is seen in most intact male dogs over 6 years. The most common sign associated with prostatic hyperplasia is tenesmus due to compression of the rectum by the enlarged prostate gland. Unlike human males, dogs with prostatic hyperplasia do not usually develop dysuria or urine retention. Dogs do not have prostatic tissue within the wall of the urethra so prostatic hyperplasia results in enlargement directed away from the urethra.