Proposes practical ways to turn these obstacles into business opportunities, giving many real-world examples. Concludes that fiscal incentives are the best way to contain Ireland's CO 2 emissions. Discusses taxes and tradeable emission quotas. Examines potential implications of climate change for energy-exporting countries, their role in the international process, and ways forward both for them and for the international community. Costs to the U.S. are estimated with and without international trading of emissions rights.
Trading lowers the cost of any mitigation objective.
Emissions reductions in the U.S. are accomplished via energy conservation across a broad range of activities, and by replacing coal fired power stations with natural gas facilities. Explains why warnings of industry flight and significant job loss are exaggerated and why these economic catastrophes will not occur if greenhouse gases are controlled and energy prices rise. The U.S. will remain competitive even without full-blown developing country commitments. R.J. Sutherland et al. Concludes that large energy price increases could have a devastating effect on them.