All immunosuppressive medications can seriously depress blood cell counts and increase risks of infection and bleeding. In systemic lupus patients with serious brain and kidney disease, plasmapheresis is sometimes used to remove antibodies and other immune substances from the blood to suppress immunity. Some systemic lupus patients can develop seriously low platelet levels, thereby increasing the risk of excessive and spontaneous bleeding. Since the spleen is believed to be the major site of platelet destruction, surgical removal of the spleen is sometimes performed to improve platelet levels. Other treatments have included the use of male hormones.
Systemic lupus is undoubtedly a potentially serious illness with numerous organ system involvements.
However, it is important to recognize that most patients with systemic lupus lead full, active, healthy lives. Since ultraviolet light can precipitate and worsen flares, patients with systemic lupus should avoid sun exposure. Sunscreens and clothing covering the extremities can be helpful. Abruptly stopping medications, especially corticosteroids, can also cause flares and should be avoided. Patients with systemic lupus are at increased risk of infections, especially if they are taking corticosteroids or immunosuppressive medications.