These services provide basic packet-switching services to route packets across the network. These services are fundamental to any Layer 3 network. The IP protocol allows packets to be fragmented or broken into smaller pieces. VPNs require advanced tunneling, QoS, and security features to ensure the packets are protected when traversing public IP networks such as the Internet. ACLs are also used to select the traffic to encrypt.
Tunnels enable VPNs to support multicast and non-IP traffic.
Using L2TP, a remote user could connect to a Novell network using the IPX protocol. The QoS services allow an enterprise to differentiate among traffic types on the network and provide the appropriate class of service to each type. For example, voice traffic requires low latency and low bandwidth, while file transfers require high bandwidth but have no latency requirements. NBAR will be available on the VIP in the second half of 2000. The bandwidth assigned to a class is the minimum bandwidth delivered to the class during congestion.