Rigid hyperextension is the sign least likely to be reversed. If this hyperextension is unilateral, amputation of the affected limb may improve the dogs mobility. Peracute and very chronic cases are the least likely to respond. There is also evidence that some, generally more mildly affected, dogs make a spontaneous recovery. Fewer than half of these infected pups are ever likely to develop clinical signs of neosporosis.
Transmission can occur repeatedly over several consecutive litters.
Care should be taken in interpreting low IFAT results - the sensitivity and specificity of the tests used are not known exactly, and the risks of producing an affected puppy is actually quite low. Similarly, there may be legal implications if a positive bitch is bred from, regarding whether or not resulting puppies should be tested before sale and whether any results should be disclosed to purchasers when puppies are apparently healthy at the time of the sale. There is only limited data available on the preventative treatment of bitches during pregnancy to prevent prenatal infection of pups, or of seropositive littermates, but such treatments have generally been unsuccessful. It is also likely that freezing would destroy the parasite. It is also possible that infection could result from the ingestion of the parasite from the environment after it has been shed by other infected animals, although the identity of such animals is presently unknown.