Click on the image above to download a complete copy of this publication in PDF format. Download a free copy of the Adobe Acrobat Reader. Virtually all farms use a septic system or similar onsite wastewater treatment system. While these systems are generally economical and safe, household wastewater can contain contaminants that degrade water quality for domestic and livestock uses. Potential contaminants in household wastewater include disease-causing bacteria, infectious viruses, household chemicals, and excess nutrients such as nitrate.
Viruses can infect the liver, causing hepatitis.
Coliform bacteria found in your well water indicate that the water is potentially dangerous for drinking and food preparation. Your wastewater treatment system is one potential source, along with livestock facilities and poor well construction. The quantity of wastewater can also present an environmental concern. Too much water entering the home treatment system reduces the efficiency of the system and can shorten its life. Your drinking water is least likely to be contaminated if you follow appropriate management procedures and dispose of wastewater at least 400 feet downslope of your water source.