This species reproduces both by seed and root sprouts. The suckering characteristic makes this tree difficult to use in the landscape. Glands on petioles are often lacking, even on young growth. Leaves are rounded at the base and taper gradually to an acute or sharp point. The margins are finely, and often doubly, toothed.
Terminal buds are absent.
End buds are pseudo-terminal buds. A close examination of the twig will show a small branch stub at the end where the terminal growth aborted. The glabrous branches are black to reddish-brown in color. Twigs have thornlike spurs. When in bloom, the trees are a mass of white, highly fragrant flowers.