Levels of pollen outside the field are well below those likely to effect the monarch or swallowtail butterflies or their offspring. Preliminary report on the ecological impact of B.t. Agency, Plant Biotech. 50011.USA Hellmich, R. August 18, 2000. Losey, J.E., Rayor, L.S., and Carter, M.E. 1999.
Transgenic pollen harms monarch larvae.