Contaminated facilities are used to hold susceptible animals. Aerosols from infected animals are inhaled by susceptible animals which may be located a considerable distance from the infected individuals. Contaminated vehicles are used to transport susceptible animals. Raw or improperly cooked garbage containing infected meat or animal products is fed to susceptible animals. Susceptible animals are exposed to materials such as hay, feedstuffs, hides or biologics contaminated with the virus.
Susceptible animals drink contaminated water.
A susceptible cow is inseminated by semen from an infected bull.