They may expect you to make your own connections between lecture material and textbook material. Teachers usually grade homework. Professors seldom grade homework. You often have the opportunity to do extra-credit projects to raise your grade. You seldom have the opportunity to do extra-credit work.
Teachers have formal training in educational methods.
Professors have formal training in their subject area. Testing is frequent and covers small amounts of material. Most teachers provide study guides for major exams. Few professors provide study guides. You should make up your own.