In physics, Einstein's theory of mass interconvertible with energy was a shift from Newton's conservation of mass. In biology, evolution might have qualified as a Kuhnian paradigm shift, if any scientific theory had preceded it. The Book of Genesis does not lend itself to the process of paradigm, experimentation, anomalies, crisis, and paradigm shift. Kuhn noted that a more complex developmental pattern applies to biology than to physical sciences, precisely because of its close ties to medieval crafts and institutions. Whether or not a given theory qualifies as a paradigm shift, it can lead science in new directions, on paths replete with mystery.
Subsequent experimentation can only solve puzzles and expose anomalies within that theory.
In other words, the concoction of theories and the establishment of their absolute truth are both beyond the grasp of the scientific method. Forceful arguments even have been made that such historical and cultural factors as ideology, ambition, and charismatic leadership significantly infuse the logic of science with the nonrational. In this context, government's role in enabling inquiry can suffer from tunnel vision as much as that of industry. The ability of experimenters to recognize and follow promising anomalies likewise can be compromised. Ultimately, the applications-oriented trend might not cause harm.