They study a wide range of subjects such as international relations, the beliefs and institutions of nations, and the interplay of law and the courts. Studying topics such as public opinion, political decision-making, and ideology, they analyze the structure and operation of government as well as informal political entities. Because of their understanding of political institutions and administrative processes, students of political science are well qualified for jobs in a broad range of career areas. These include law, higher education, federal service, state and local government, urban planning, journalism, international organizations, public interest groups, and business industry. Most political scientists are involved in teaching, research, and consulting in colleges and universities.
Some political scientists are primarily researchers or consultants in nonacademic organizations.
The results of political science research are used by public officials, political parties, government administrators, legislative staffs and committees, citizens' groups, legislative reference bureaus, and business firms. Here they may work as lobbyists or consultants for government liaison by business firms, trade associations, public interest groups, and other organizations. Some political scientists work as journalists. A few work primarily as advisors to candidates for political office. Those considering a career in teaching and research on the university level will need to pursue a doctorate.