Return 5 Marietta refers to the Great Spirit often and translates it to Nataani Soto , in Navajo. But the Navajo do not traditionally have a supreme being. Perhaps the Navajo invented the term in response to the Christian God. The closest to omniscience is Changing Woman, Talking God, and the Twin War Gods, with the Sun possibly being the most powerful although not as important today. Lesser deities include the Yeis.
Some whipping does occur in initiation into certain rites.
The Navajo had flat heads because they kept their babies strapped to cedar bark cradleboards. An older woman said the Navajo doesn't like a head that protrudes behind, illustrating the words with her hands. The dead are considered the source of chidee , or malevolent ghosts. Only specialized persons can approach these ruins. But not all Navajos believed this way, hence the looting of the ruins.