Turner syndrome is a chromosomal condition that exclusively affects girls and women.
It occurs when one of the two X chromosomes normally found in females is missing or incomplete. The syndrome is named after Dr. Henry Turner, who was among the first to describe its features in the 1930's. 2. Turner syndrome is caused by the complete or partial absence of one of the two X chromosomes normally found in women. A blood test, called a karyotype, analyzes the chromosomal composition of the individual. This is the most commonly used blood test to diagnose Turner syndrome.