When sound waves strike the eardrum the vibration starts a progression of movement that is transmitted to the inner ear by these bones. The air in the middle ear is an important part of the transmission of sound. The middle ear must have the appropriate amount of air, at pressure equal to the outside, in order for the bones to vibrate freely. The eustachian tube, a small opening from the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat, allows air to enter and exit to provide continual adjustment of air pressure in the the middle ear cavity. The inner ear generates the nerve impulses that are interpreted by the brain as sound.
Symptoms can include itching at first followed by redness and swelling of the ear canal.
Some drainage may be present and there is usually severe pain that increases when anything comes in contact with the ear canal or ear lobe. A cotton wick may be inserted when swelling is excessive to help move the medication down into the ear canal. In severe cases, oral antibiotics may be prescribed and cultures may be taken. Three or four drops in each ear after swimming, followed by gentle massage to allow penetration can help keep the ear canal dry. Parents should consult the child's healthcare provider for advice on the use of any OTC products in the ears.