Most nymphs occur under stones in well aerated streams. Much of the literature deals with checklists for scattered specific localities or generalities about the group. Although the nymphs are known to be most abundant in well oxygenated streams or along active rocky lake shores, they may be found anywhere in a non-polluted stream where food is available. Many slow, quiet streams, such as spring or limestone creeks usually considered to be mayfly habitats, have been found by anglers and others to harbor a number of stonefly species. The nymphs vary by species in their food habits.
Stoneflies are probably more active in the winter months than most aquatics.
The adults are weak fliers and, thus, are common only along waters where they developed. Some feed on algae, others do not feed at all. The nymphs migrate to the shores in numbers and crawl out to molt. Molted skins may litter the banks. Adults may occur in clouds at this time.