The only honoree to turn down the prize voluntarily. Sartre refused the Nobel Prize for literature on the grounds that such honors could interfere with a writer's responsibilities to his readers. Russian - Pasternak was forced by the Soviet Government to refuse The Nobel for Literature Award. Two time winner of both the National Book Award and The Pulitzer Prize for Literature and, also, chosen as a Nobel Laureate . Countries are determined not by birth, residence or place of education but rather where the bulk of the laureates work was written.
Writers sometimes divide their time between countries.
This is noted by the Nobel committee.