It consists of a hierarchy of control, with political leadership, agencies for bureaucratic regulation, tax collectors, army and police. It has a territory, with defined boundaries beyond which it gives way to other states, and a population over which it claims domination. But this instrument can be used in different ways, and for different purposes. The state can be the essential foundation for public benefits - peace, welfare, and the opportunity for individuals to find stability and security. On the other hand, the state can provide the opportunity for only selected individuals or groups to pursue their own interests, by oppressing and exploiting others.
Zaire clearly falls into the latter category.
State collapse represents an extreme case of governance problems, in which the structure and authority of government, the legal system and political order break down to such an extent that they cease to exist. The basic functions of the state are no longer performed. It has lost its power of conferring a name on its people and a meaning to their identity. As a territory, it is no longer assured security by a central, sovereign organisation. As the authoritative political body, it has lost its legitimacy, and so has lost the right to command and conduct public affairs.