They are given more difficult work as they gain experience. In some cities, programs run by unions, government agencies, or employers teach janitorial skills. Students learn how to clean buildings thoroughly and efficiently and how to select and safely use various cleaning agents. They also learn how to use and maintain machines. These machines may include wet and dry vacuums, buffers, and polishers.
Students learn to plan their work and to follow safety and health regulations.
They learn to work well with other people in the buildings they clean and to work without supervision. Instruction in minor electrical, plumbing, and other repairs may also be given. Chances for advancement are usually limited in organizations where they are the only maintenance workers. Where there is a large maintenance staff, however, janitors can be promoted to supervisor and to area supervisor or manager. A high school diploma improves the chances for advancement.