Oral chloroquine is a mainstay of treatment except for infection with chloroquine-resistant P. falciporum . Combination drug treatment is common, e.g., mefloquine combined with artesunate for multidrug-resistant strains as described in the full discussion. Acute septicemic melioidosis is most common among debilitated persons. Chronic suppurative disease may involve virtually any body system. Recrudescence may occur many years after the initial infection.
Treatment is according to susceptibility.
Trypanosomiasis is caused by protozoal parasites, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiene or T b gambiense , transmitted by bite of the tsetse fly. The hemolymphatic stage is characterized by high fevers lasting several days, with symptom-free periods of days to weeks. Less common manifestations of this stage are severe headache, malaise, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, circinate rash, pruritis, and hepatosplenomegaly. Weight loss and debilitation also occur, and myocarditis may develop. Treatment is complex and toxic, and depends on the infecting organism and stage of illness.