In a Utah study, plants produced an average of 383 fruits per plant. Seeds removed from fruits lack a dormancy period. Fruit coats contain water-soluble inhibitors that prevent many seeds from germinating until leaching occurs and reduce seedling growth of dyer's woad and other species. Some seeds germinate in the presence of the inhibitor. Rupture of fruit coats increases germination.
Seeds germinate in fall and early spring.
Seed longevity under field conditions has not been studied. Plants cut above the crown can grow new shoots and may persist as short-lived perennials. Spring cultivation can control infestations in crop fields. Dyer's woad is distinguishable from other members of the mustard family by its unique fruits. Native to Southeastern Russia, Dyers woad has been a historically important plant used in making indigo dyes.