The bacteria are usually transferred by food and water, such as shellfish from contaminated waters, fruits and vegetables washed in contaminated water, and food contaminated during preparation. The Yellow Fever vaccination may be a requirement for many countries. The vaccine consists of one shot that will give you up to 10 years protection. Most travelers do not receive the Cholera Vaccine due to its questionable level of effectiveness. Practicing good food and water precautions will help reduce your risk.
Transmission is usually seasonal and concentrated in areas such as rice fields and pig farming.
Information Meningococcal meningitis is a bacterial infection transmitted like a cold or flu, through infected droplets in the air or direct contact with an infected person. Some carriers of the bacteria may not show any symptoms. Epidemics often occur in the sub-Saharan belt across the middle of Africa, especially during the dry season between December and June. Epidemics may also occur in Kenya, India, and Nepal. Rabies is usually spread by bats and wild meat-eating mammals such as skunks, foxes, and raccoons.