Sites had little valley lands, good farm land. So, you have completed your survey and analyzed your settlement pattern through time, based on dating the sites. Now you need to focus on the sites themselves. And of course sampling at the site, some of the same principles apply as in survey, trenches like transects, large blocks. Pioneered by Sir Mortimer Wheeler, not normally used now.
Sites vary tremendously.
Different procedures and applications are appropriate at different sites. Some have good preservation, others poor. Some sites small single occupation, others large and multilayered. Unlikely to get many artifacts, perhaps some lithic tools, some charcoal. Could be deflated.