We have a tendency to overgeneralize from small samples. We often don't understand randomness. Base causal judments on similarity, e.g. astrology, graphology, physiognomy homeopathic medicine. Need to consider baserate information. Humans are good at pattern matching, not so good at picking up statistical regularities.
Statistical inference can be hard, e.g. electromagnetic radiation.
Cancer rates from light cigarettes just as high. Sports Illustrated jinx. Tendency for information that is particularly salient or emotionally charged to be given undue influence. Back to Phil 145.