However, cobalt is also essential for the growth and development of certain animals. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has determined that cobalt is a possible carcinogen to humans. Studies in animals have shown that cobalt causes cancer when placed directly into the muscle or under the skin. Cobalt did not cause cancer in animals that were exposed to it in the air, in food, or in drinking water. Studies on people are inconclusive regarding cobalt and cancer.
Tests are available to measure cobalt levels in the urine and blood.
These tests are only accurate for up to a few days after exposure because cobalt leaves the body fairly quickly. These tests are not usually performed in most doctors' offices because special equipment is needed to conduct them. These tests cannot determine if adverse health effects will occur from exposure to cobalt. A decreased ability of the blood to transport oxygen. A substance that can cause cancer.