While we tend not to like the mud and dampness associated with wetlands, it is these very features which make them so fascinating. Until recently many were seen as areas to be reclaimed, drained, or used as rubbish dumps. Some 85,000 hectares of Waikato farmland was once wetland. Much more than mud Most wetlands are rich in nutrients and support a diverse range of plants and animals, many of which have specially adapted to living in wet places. They take up nutrients which purifies the water - a reason wetlands are often used for waste treatment.
Wetlands are also important hydrologically, acting as giant sponges.
They trap sediment and nutrients which would otherwise get into waterways, become reservoirs for excess water and slow down the flow in times of flooding. Now less than 10 percent of the original wetlands remain, but there is growing appreciation of them and understanding of their significance. Kopuatai Peat Dome near Paeroa is the largest raised peat bog in natural condition left in New Zealand and is protected as a Wetland Management Reserve. The peat dome is fragile and easily damaged, so entry is by permit only. The 7000 hectare Whangamarino Wetland Management Reserve is open to the public.