Utah 6, Wyoming 8. Quarantine was lifted on the last positive premise in Colorado on December 31, 1995. Although glanders was eradicated from the United States in 1939, the disease is still recognized in the Middle East, Eastern Europe, North Africa, Asia and Australia. The following report concerns an outbreak of glanders or farcy among racehorses in Iran. Glanders is a contagious bacterial disease caused by Pseudomonas mallei affecting the skin, respiratory and lymphatic system of horses and other solipeds including camels, and very rarely humans.
Transmission usually occurs by ingestion of contaminated material, inhalation and wound infection.
Two horses were diagnosed with glanders in February 1994 and in May four horses from the affected stable which had been moved to three stables in Tehran also developed signs. The submandibular lymph nodes were enlarged and nodules were located on the trunk, neck and limbs, some of which ruptured releasing a honey-colored discharge. Edema was present in the lower hind limbs. Pseudomonas mallei was cultured from the discharge and the four horses were positive to the mallein test. Necropsy examination revealed ulceration of the nasal and thoracic surfaces, a purulent discharge and enlarged pharyngeal and laryngeal lymph nodes.