Plants are dwarfed and can be either brilliant red or yellow. Symptoms usually appear following a high population of aphids and small grain greenbug. Lesions or spots appear on leaf blades as oval to oblong water-soaked spots that are buff to light brown in color. A light-yellow zone forms a halo around the brown lesion. The bacterium enters the leaf tissue through stomata or an insect puncture.
Suggested controls are seed treatment, crop residue management and rotation.