New radiographic and molecular techniques show promise. Hypoplasia of the odontoid process is an inconsistent feature of many types, which predisposes to subluxation of the 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae and compression of the spinal cord. Therefore, the odontoid should be evaluated preoperatively by x-rays, and, if abnormal, the patient's head should be carefully supported when hyperextended for endotracheal intubation during anesthesia. Because the pattern of inheritance in most types is known, genetic counseling can be effective. Organizations such as the Little People of America provide social contact for affected persons and act as advocates on their behalf.
Similar societies are active in Australia and Great Britain.
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