Norms are competitive. Standards measure proficiency. Standards promote mixed ability grouping. Norms promote segregation of students by ability. Standards are challenging.
Standards are complicated.
Norms are simple. Standards address causes, immediate effects, and achievement. Norms reflect only test scores. Books - Making Standards Work by Douglas B. Reeves is an esential guide to understanding standards and how they are implemented n the classroom, school, and district. Professional Development - Teachers need the knowledge and skills to help improve student performance in their classrooms.