Turbulence is in the nature of business environments.
Changes brought about because of different requirements such as social, political, technical and economic, exert pressures on organisations to respond in a timely and cost effective way to these challenges. In such an unstable environment information system developers are challenged to develop systems that can meet the requirements of modern organisations. While information systems continue to serve traditional business needs such as co-ordination of production and enhancements of services offered, a new and important role has emerged namely the potential of such systems in adopting a more supervisory and strategic support role. These developments offer opportunities for changes to organisational structures and the improvement of business processes. The traditional approach to information systems development has proved to be too monolithic and lacking facilities for dealing with highly complex, multidimensional, and distributed systems.