Most seeds germinate after the first fall rains 1-3 years following maturation, but some seed can remain dormant and viable for up to 8 years under field conditions. Germination of seeds at locations with low rainfall and temperatures can be slow and drawn out. Typically, few seeds germinate after midwinter. Seedlings rarely emerge from soil depths below 5 cm. Optimal emergence occurs at or just below the soil surface.
Seeds are susceptible to predation by termites.
Mowing just before the formation of flower buds discourages survival. Mowing earlier can encourage the re-growth of flowering stems. In plants mowed after flower heads have developed, seed can mature in cut flower heads left on the ground. Heavy grazing can encourage survival because livestock selectively graze plants around distaff thistles, thereby reducing competition with other plants for light and nutrients. Distaff thistles are unlikely to establish in well-managed perennial pastures.