Introduced to Java, India, Hawaii, and the Philippines. I saw a large tree near Kunming in Yunnan China. Cultivation Seeds may be sown in nurserys for transplants or direct seeded. In Burma, seed are broadcast during last years of shifting cultivation. It is a fast grower, even capable of outgrowing sugar ratoon crops.
Trees coppice well, but regrowth seems to be season dependent.
In Hawaii, in aseasonal situations, the trees coppice year round. Biotic Factors Leaves are sometimes stripped from the tree by coleopterous larvae. Trunk occasionally attacked by borers. References Duke, J.A. 1981b. The gene revolution.