Scarlet fever is characterized by a bright red skin rash.
It occurs when the infecting strain of streptococcus produces a toxin to which a person is sensitized but not immune. Anyone can get scarlet fever, though it is uncommon, and often known to be a complication of untreated strep throat. Streptococcal bacteria are spread when a person with strep throat or scarlet fever coughs or sneezes directly on another person. Casual contact, such as sitting next to an infected person rarely leads to infection. The rash is usually fine, red and rough-textured and commonly turns white on finger pressure.