So, I suggest learning the Wylie transcription scheme so you can write transcribed words in the native Tibetan. Then, learn the pronunciation that will be shown later so you can actually speak and read aloud the language. You may notice each letter is followed by a small dot - this represents the end of a syllable. A vowel written alone uses either the Tibetan letter a or 'a - the difference in transcription symbol is only to represent a different letter form. One will frequently find consonant stacks - that is letters on top of each other.
Some letters take special forms when being stacked.
Here are those special forms attached to the letter k for the sake of example. Some characters always form these stacks even if they do not have a special form. Three are called rango, lango, and sango. The subscribed forms are wata, yata, rata, lata, and hata. If you see any examples such as these in transcribed Tibetan, the letters are written in a stack instead of next to eachother.