A umask of 777 would mean all permissions are off. On UConn's SP system, we have restricted it for privacy. To reset the umask, specify an octal value. SUID, SGID, and sticky bits For files, execute can be s rather than x, indicating that either the userid or the group are inherited during execution. For directories, SGID indicates that newly created files inherit the group of the parent directory.
TERM Note the dollar sign, indicating variable interpretation.
The history command is an alias for fc -l. By default, the history command displays the last 16 commands. When you save and quit the temporary file, all commands are sent to the command shell to be executed. Both history and r are aliases involving the fc command. Each message is sent immediately, as soon as the return key is struck.