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Surcharges are the fees banks charge noncustomers for use of their ATMs.
Surcharges are deducted directly from the consumer's account at the time of the transaction. Surcharging first began in 1996. Surcharges are anti-competitive and threaten the viability of small banks and credit unions. In most regions, a handful of large banks own the majority of ATMs. For example, just two banks own more than 80 percent of the ATMs in San Francisco.