Training is available at community colleges, vocational schools, and universities. Hospitals and the military also provide training. Students who are licensed practical nurses or military medical personnel can complete these programs in nine months. Most students need 24 months, but they receive their associate degree when done. Additional training is required for technologists who wish to advance to first assistants.
Students take courses in anatomy, pharmacology, ethics, and medical terminology.
They study the care and safety of patients during surgery. They also study surgery procedures and how to sterilize equipment. Students learn to prevent and control infection. They also learn how to handle drugs, supplies, and equipment. Recommended high school courses include health, biology, chemistry, and math.