It is scheduled to end in the year 2005, and results are expected by 2007. Researchers also are looking at plant-based estrogens, called phytoestrogens. Foods containing soybeans are especially rich in these plant estrogens. Interest in soy as a primary protein source has grown, in part because people who live in some Asian countries, where soybeans and their products are staple foods, have much lower rates of heart disease and certain cancers than do people in Western countries, where most people eat very few soy-rich foods. Further, Asian women report fewer menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes.
Several studies are under way to understand how phytoestrogens work in animals and humans.
Until studies can show benefits and risks, researchers recommend following a balanced diet.