Histologically, foci of otosclerosis are irregularly arranged, new, immature bone interspersed with numerous vascular channels. These foci enlarge, causing ankylosis of the stapedial footplate and a consequent conductive hearing loss. Otosclerosis also may produce a sensory hearing loss, particularly when the foci of otosclerotic bone are adjacent to the scala media. Otosclerosis becomes clinically evident in the late teenage and early adult years, with slowly progressive, asymmetric hearing loss. Fixation of the stapes may progress rapidly during pregnancy.
Treatment involves a trial with a hearing aid or microsurgical techniques.
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