During graze-out, forage production is increased and stocking rates are increased from two to three times the winter rate. To maximize forage for grazing, early seeding, increased seeding rate, and more nitrogen fertilizer is recommended. Depending on rainfall and stored soil moisture, wheat pasture is generally available for 120-150 days. Grazing cannot begin until the plants have adequate root development to prevent their being uprooted by grazing animals. Ordinarily, wheat is available for grazing between October 15 and November 15.
Wheat tends to produce more tillers and leaves than are necessary for maximum grain yield.
There is definite agreement on the sharp, steady decline in grain yield if grazing continues after jointing. Grazed wheat usually matures 1-4 days later than ungrazed, with more severe grazing resulting in longer delays. Grain yield losses are minimized when fertility is adequate, grazing is not too heavy, cattle are removed before jointing, top growth removal reduces water use, and lodging is reduced. Grazing may reduce grain yields when nutrients are limited, grazing is severe, water stress is limited, lodging is a problem, or wet soil conditions cause soil compaction and trampling of the wheat plants. Both continuous and rotational grazing systems are acceptable for stocker cattle.