This finite rectangular region is called the viewport . For visual media, the viewport is the viewing area where the user sees the SVG document. A new viewport also can be established. In the following example, an SVG graphic is embedded within a parent XML document which is formatted using CSS layout rules. Mathematically, the transformation is represented by a transformation matrix which maps coordinates in the new user coordinate system into the previous user coordinate system.
Transformation matrices define the mathematical mapping from one coordinate space into another.
Whenever a new transformation is provided, a new CTM is calculated by the following formula. Transformations alter coordinate systems, not objects. All objects defined outside the scope of a transformation are unchanged by the transformation. All objects defined within the scope of a transformation will be drawn in the transformed coordinate system. All coordinates used within the scope the transformation are specified in the transformed coordinate system.