Matter is defined as method or property or material of the document. For example, a document could have the property of reliability or balance . Energy is defined as the action of the document. For example, the document could be about measuring or writing . Space is the geographical location of the document.
Time is the time period that the document covers.
Ranganathan, Shiyali Ramamrita. Library Classificatio n. 3d ed. Asia Publishing House, 1967. He decided that if a theory of classification were developed, it would guide classifiers to implement more easily the work of the classificationist. The Prolegomena was first published in 1937 and it compares the theories of several library classification schemes.