It remains there in an inactive state. From time to time, the virus reactivates, traveling along the nerves to the skin, where it multiplies on the surface at or near the site of the original infection. It can also appear in genital secretions or saliva. Some people may have one or two recurrences during their life, but others may have several a year. Experts don't know what triggers the virus to reactivate.
Some people report that their outbreaks seem to occur when they are ill or under stress.
Genital herpes poses a risk for pregnant women, because the virus can be passed to the fetus. The virus also can cause premature delivery. A baby born with herpes can develop encephalitis, severe rashes and eye problems. If the diagnosis is confirmed, your doctor may prescribe an antiviral medication that shortens the first outbreak of genital herpes. It works best if taken within 24 hours after symptoms appear.