The complement fixation test can be completed in five hours and provides identification of the virus. The virus can be further isolated by culturing it with susceptible cells, and results obtained within 24 to 48 hours and occasionally much quicker. The most valuable treatment is supportive therapy including a high-energy feed as well as the addition of electrolytes to the water supply as necessary. Ulcers will normally heal independent of intervention within two weeks, however, certain measures can be taken to speed the healing process. In humans, the disease manifests as an acute influenza-like illness with symptoms such as fever, muscle aches, headaches, and malaise.
Vesicular lesions are rare in humans.
Prevalence in humans may be under reported because the disease often goes undetected or is misdiagnosed. People who handle potentially infected cattle, should wear gloves to protect their hands and should not allow saliva and blister fluids to come in contact with open wounds or with their mucous membranes, such as the membranes in their eyes or mouth. Producers and other individuals who handle cattle and experience symptoms should contact their physician immediately.