But the use of catalytic converters and related emission control components in the push for clean air has led to precise engine control and calibration for top performance and economy, as well as clean exhaust. Catalytic converters typically consist of a ceramic or metal honeycombed monolith substrate that carries precious metal catalysts. The coated substrate is wrapped in an intumescent mat that expands when heated, securing and insulating the substrate which is packaged in a stainless steel shell and fitted into the engine exhaust system. As exhaust gases pass over the catalysts, they promote chemical reactions that convert pollutants into harmless gases and water. The catalyst formulation, which promotes a faster chemical reaction at a lower temperature, is usually a mixture of the noble metals platinum, palladium and rhodium, and sometimes other catalysts such as the rare earth ceria.
Unleaded fuel is required.
Today, Delphi builds some eight million catalytic converters a year in a wide variety of shapes and sizes with dozens of catalyst formulations, for engine applications all over the world. The converters are manufactured at plants in the US, Australia, Korea, Brazil, France, Mexico and India. Delphi Automotive Systems has been the first company in India to manufacture and supply catalytic converters to the automotive industry. In addition to being a supplier to leading current manufacturers of cars, the company is also exploring business opportunities with the new entrants in India. Delphi Automotive Systems operates through six divisions worldwide.