Some pedons have an E or BE horizon 3 to 6 inches thick that has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 or 4. The upper part of the Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 6 or 8, and the lower part of the Bt horizon is usually mottled in shades of yellow, brown, and red. The Bt horizon is gravelly loam, gravelly clay loam, gravelly silty clay loam, or gravelly sandy clay loam. The weighted average clay content of the upper 20 inches of the B horizon ranges from 20 to 30 percent and silt content is more than 35 percent. In some pedons, at depths of more than 40 inches, the lower Bt horizon is forming in residuum from sandstone or shale.
Texture is clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, clay, or their gravelly analogues.
Some pedons have a hue of 5YR below 40 inches. These are Addielou , Allen , Avilla , Bama , Etowah , Holston , Minvale , Nella , Norfolk , Orangeburg , Pikeville , Ruston , and Smithdale series in the same family. Addielou soils have A horizons thicker than 20 inches. Allen, Avilla, Bama, Etowah, Minvale, Nella, Orangeburg, Pikeville, Ruston, and Smithdale soils have all or some part of the Bt horizon in hues of 5YR or redder. Holston and Norfolk soils have less than 10 percent coarse fragments.