Fulbrights are only for faculty. Only 20 percent of Fulbright Scholar Awards are for research only. Most Fulbrights are for lecturing.
Some awards combine lecturing and research.
You have to speak a foreign language fluently in order to apply. Only some Fulbright Awards require fluency in a foreign language. In addition, Francophone Africa generally requires French, and Latin American countries usually require Spanish or Portuguese. Only faculty from large, prestigious universities are awarded Fulbrights. Faculty Fulbrighters come from large and small universities, liberal arts and comprehensive colleges and community colleges.