Effleurage can be done using light pressure to affect the skin and more superficial layers of muscle and fascia or with more pressure to penetrate to the deeper muscles and connective tissue layers. Petrissage is performed on the bellies of the muscles and increases circulation through its milking action. It is characterized by gentle kneading done with the palm of the hand. Friction can be used in the direction of the muscle fibers, across the muscle fibers or in small circles. The pressure is generally of moderate depth and is excellent for freeing up adhesions and breaking up scar tissue.
Tapotement is the percussive work done in a rhythmic manner such as hacking and cupping.
It is never performed over bony prominences or over the kidneys with much force. The sides of the hands as well as the cupped palms are often used. In a similar vein are jostling and vibration, which are exactly as they sound. Sports Massage can also be covered here as it uses the above mentioned techniques in a particular order and rapid succession to mimic the actions of muscles doing work and to increase circulation, thereby reducing soreness and time lost due to injury. Some of its benefits not mentioned include increased flexibility and overall performance, reduction in the amount of recovery time from an injury, and increased awareness of the body.