Glaucoma in animals, especially dogs, requires immediate emergency treatment to prevent blindness. Kansas State University veterinarian Dr. Harriet Davidson, associate professor of clinical sciences, said glaucoma is caused by an increase in intraocular pressure in the eye that results from abnormal fluid not being removed. It can cause acute blindness in as little as 24 hours or may take weeks to months depending on the pressure sustained.
Secondary glaucoma is caused by an abnormality in the drainage of the fluid in the eye.
Cocker spaniels and basset hounds are especially predisposed to glaucoma. While glaucoma is not easily detected, pet owners should look for increased redness of the outer eye lining and be concerned if the cornea, usually clear in color, turns white or hazy. Although dogs seems to be extremely tolerant of glaucoma, they may tip their heads to help release pressure from the aggravated side, keep their eyelids closed or pull away when owners try to touch them. Davidson said pet owners should also look for lack of appetite and signs of depression. If pet owners think they notice signs of glaucoma, Davidson urges them to take their animals to the veterinarian immediately.