Those working more than 20 hours per week are at high risk for substance abuse and injury. These programs have been implemented in 120 federal agencies, with 1.8 million employees, and the Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug-Testing Programs have also been adopted by the Department of Transportation and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for their regulated industries. As the nation's largest employer, the federal government has continued to provide leadership by example. For federal job applicants and employees, the positive rate is one-tenth of the national average, or only 0.5 percent, compared to 5.0 percent for other workplaces nationally. Prevention in the workplace helps non-users from starting and users from increasing their dependence on illegal drugs and alcohol.
Workplaces provide an ideal opportunity to influence individual behavior and community norms.
Clear and consistent messages of no use and the consequences of use are crucial. Referrals to treatment and support for employees who want to change their behavior are key. EAPs offer a wide range of services and are increasingly being used by employers. This program has become the industry model for non-regulated employers throughout the United States and other countries around the world. If substance abuse is diagnosed, the employee must receive treatment before resuming duties.