Integrating citation and co-citation patterns provides a rich, ecological representation of a knowledge domain.
Users can apply visualizations to discover patterns and make valuable connections among data.
The authors' approach extends conventional ACA by integrating structured modeling and information visualization techniques to provide a 3D knowledge landscape based on citation patterns. Their four-step procedure introduces Pathfinder network scaling to replace multidimensional scaling. It also integrates Pathfinder and factor analysis to visualize specialties in the underlying domain knowledge and visualizes the citation frequency of scientists to track changes in their influence over time. The 3D knowledge landscape has practical implications in knowledge visualization, digital libraries, domain analysis, and subject domains, providing powerful tools for tracking intuitively scientific knowledge. Visualizing a knowledge domain s intellectual structure.