The more water that is poured through a portion of ground coffee, the more likely the chance that the bitter elements contained within that coffee will be extracted. Increasing the amount of coffee used reduces the chances of over extraction. If a less concentrated coffee flavor is desired, hot water should be added to the finished brew. Remember, the longer the brew time, the stronger the coffee. Also, the finer the grind, the stronger the coffee.
Water Always use good quality, cold water.
Charcoal filtering devices will filter out chlorine residues and some chemicals that produce negative taste characteristics. Never use softened water for brewing coffee. Coffee brewer turbulence Turbulence refers to the amount of agitation the water produces when it comes in contact with the coffee grounds. The force of the water and the pattern of the spray from the brewer's spray head, and how this spray interacts with the shape of the brew basket, create this turbulence. The spray head is installed in the coffee brewer, and is not clogged or obstructed by coffee or water residues.