A. Scientists work from theory to observations and from observations to theory. Please describe this cycle using the terms covered in the text and lecture. The process of science involves both deduction and induction. Scientists use deductive processes to hypothesize what they expect to occur during an experiment, based on theoretical constructs. Scientists use operational definitions of their constructs to structure and record their observations.
Scientists also use induction to generalize from their observations to theoretical constructs.
If you wanted to explore the differences in salary among men and women lawyers, which types of statistical methods could you employ and which could you not employ. Explain your answers. Measuring sex differences in salary among lawyers requires either a correlational or quasi-experimental design. An experimental design could not be used because you cannot randomly assign sex to people. To use a quasi-experimental design, you would have to create a condition in which equally qualified men and women were judged regarding appropriate salary levels.