Family resources are expected, and the spouse is expected to contribute, unless the spouse is a medical student as well. Virtually all medical students apply for loans. These loans are relatively low-interest. Loaning agencies will require tax returns from the spouse and from parents, even if the parents are divorced. Payback of loans is deferred to residency or even after residency.
Scholarships are often available from employers or church groups.
D. Programs are structured so that students receive a stipend. Students in these programs are groomed for a career in medical research. Each of the military branches offers medical scholarships. They pay a minimum of 3 years, and expect 3 years of military residency. The National Service Corps places medical graduates in underserved areas.