Limits had to be set on the power of rulers. These limits were established by the people through recognition of certain rights . Note, however, that this approach was effective only if the rights could be imposed on the rulers. Eventually a principle of self-government became preferable, i.e. establishment of constitutional checks within a representative democracy . On this new model, People rule themselves collectively .
Society takes on the role of ruler .
Thus, limits on government are needed no matter what form government takes. But Mill also believes that some rules of conduct must be imposed on individuals in order for there to be a peaceful and satisfying life. He claims without these rules, our existence would not be valuable. Rules of conduct can be imposed by law or by opinion . These rules vary from society to society.