Hemolytic anemia occurs when the bone marrow is unable to compensate for premature destruction of red blood cells by increasing their production. When the marrow is able to compensate, anemia does not occur. There are many types of hemolytic anemia, which are classified by the location of the defect. Causes of hemolytic anemia include infection, certain medications, autoimmune disorders , and inherited disorders.
Treatment depends upon the type and cause of the hemolytic anemia.
Folic acid , iron replacement, and corticosteroids may be used. In emergencies, transfusion of typed and washed packed red cell may be necessary. The outcome depends upon the type of hemolytic anemia. The complications vary with the specific type of hemolytic anemia. Severe anemia can cause cardiovascular collapse.