Individuals with vision impairments or learning disabilities can use special computer screens that expand the size of the type so that mathematical equations or scientific formulae can be read more easily. Mathematical information on computer monitors can be expanded or reversed to white letters on black background or other color combinations for individuals with low vision or learning disabilities that affect visual processing. Individuals studying or working in engineering and mathematics can use control codes in literal Braille to produce Nemeth Code. Graphical information can be converted into a raised line format and then captioned in Braille to provide charts and graphics for people with visual impairments. Special lighting can be used to allow individuals with hearing impairments to see the speaker during a slide show or computer presentation.
Videotapes can be close-captioned for individuals with hearing impairments.
Special computer input devices can be used by people with mobility impairments. There are, of course, many more sophisticated technologies that are being made available, including programs such as Dotsplus, Triangle, AsTeR, and raised line drawings. Many researchers are also looking at particular teaching strategies that are helpful in teach all students.