Inclusiveness cannot be assumed at any stage in the scientific endeavor. Exclusiveness is often the rule in American biomedicine and the pattern of sampling often reflects power relationships. Scientists are products of their culture. For example, consider the case of Celera. Celera, in its race with the Human Genome Project to sequence the human genome, relied on only one individual sequenced three times.
Science is full of imbedded cultural assumptions.
As long as there is no competition, the real purposes of mega efforts often become clear. Remember from your geometry, it takes two points to make a line. This competition has allowed us, on the outside, to see more clearly which direction molecular genetics is headed. Institutions often misrepresent themselves when under scrutiny. This is why we need to be engaged as a people in the Human Genome Project and any other project that demands so many resources from all of us.