Treatment of the infection reduces new nerve damage and may reduce symptoms but does not cure existing damage. Penicillin or other antibiotics such as tetracycline or erythromycin are given to treat the infection. Treatment may be prolonged to ensure that the infection is completely cleared. Symptoms may improve dramatically after treatment of the infection. A follow-up examination of the cerebrospinal fluid is required to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy.
Symptomatic treatment is required for existing neurologic damage.
Anticonvulsants such as phenytoin may be needed to control seizures. Confusion and other mental changes may improve or be prolonged after antibiotic treatment. A progressive disability is possible. People with late syphilis infections are at a greater risk for other infections and diseases. Call your health care provider if severe headache with fever or other symptoms are present, particularly if there is a known history of syphilis infection.