Epidermolysis bullosa consists of several different conditions, varying in severity from minor blistering to a lethal form in which the constant massive blistering and scarring ultimately lead to death. These conditions are inherited as either autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive traits. The hallmark of these conditions is the formation of large, fluid-filled blisters that develop in response to minor trauma. Some infants may have large blisters at birth. Others start shortly after birth.
Secondary infection is common.
Genetic counseling is recommended for prospective parents with a family history of any form of epidermolysis bullosa. A skin biopsy determines how deeply the blistering extends into the skin. The goal of treatment is to prevent the formation of blisters and subsequent complications. The intensity of care depends upon the severity of the disease. Recommendations often include measures to avoid all skin trauma and to avoid high environmental temperatures.