Mouth problems are caused by either fungal infections, viral infections or bacterial infections. They may be an early sign of immune damage. Anti-HIV drugs and specific treatments can fight mouth infections.
Smokers are more likely to get oral infections than non-smokers.
A dry mouth may be due to HIV-associated salivary disease which causes swollen salivary glands. This condition is particularly common in HIV-positive children. Anti-HIV drugs can reduce swollen glands. A dry mouth is also a side-effect of drugs such as ddI and protease inhibitors. Dry mouth may lead to chewing and digestive difficulties, and high levels of mouth acid.