Diagnosis can only be done through the use of x-rays. Although the more severe cases will produce noticeable symptoms and obvious discomfort, the absence of these does not mean a dog is not affected. OFA will do preliminary evaluation on dogs under the age of 2 years, but will only certify dogs that are radiographed after the age of 2. The PennHip evaluation involves actual measurements taken to determine the laxity in the joint and can be done at a much younger age. In some cases, relief can be provided by using glucosamine supplements or medications.
Weight management is very important, as excess weight puts more stress on the joints.
It is inherited and is caused by a single recessive gene. Dogs that have one gene are carriers, those that have 2 are affected. The gene that causes vWD has been identified and there is a DNA test that can be done through VetGen. A small brush is inserted into the dogs mouth to collect the DNA sample, which is then sent to VetGen for analysis. DM primarily affects Collies and Shetland Sheepdogs, although dogs in other breeds have been diagnosed.