These formulations target the cells that host the parasite and have decreased nephrotoxicity. Dosages depend on type of amphotericin B used, as well as type of leishmaniasis. Clinical protocols are evolving. Nonspecific measures, such as local heat and cleanliness, contribute to the spontaneous healing of the ulcers. Progression and resolution of the disease should be monitored carefully.
Wound care is important.
Antistaphylococcal antibiotic may be needed for secondary bacterial infection. The treatment of infected persons and elimination of diseased reservoir vertebrates can reduce the source of infection. Sandfly control and use of insect repellent can prevent disease. Death occurs in 3-20 months if untreated. Education about sandfly control can reduce incidence of disease.