Not available at this time. The quantitative risk estimates are presented in three ways. Users are referred to Section I of this IRIS file for information on long-term toxic effects other than carcinogenicity. Related compounds are carcinogenic and mutagenic. Two studies found an association between employment in the synthetic rubber industry and an elevated risk of cancer.
Synthetic rubber is manufactured from styrene and butadiene.
The second, a cohort mortality study, found excess lung cancer deaths among workers in a synthetic rubber area of a plant. Given the inconsistency of results, the methodological limitations of the different studies, and the confounding effects of exposure to various solvents, styrene, and possibly other chemicals, the epidemiologic evidence is considered inadequate. Two lifetime inhalation studies of 1,3-butadiene in rodents were initiated. Increases were observed in the number of mice with primary tumors and in the number of mice with multiple primary tumors. There was a treatment-related increase in mortality, some of which was attributed to nephropathies in males.