Urban Indians comprise roughly 89 percent of Oregon's Indian population. Rural Indians live in nonmetropolitan areas, either on or off the reservation. Reservation Indians live on or near Oregon's Indian reservations. A reservation community includes enrolled members of the tribe or tribes for whom the reservation was established, as well as Indians from other tribes living on the reservation. The reservations are strikingly different in many aspects.
Size is one example.
By Act of Congress in 1996, the Coquille Tribe now has reservation acreage totalling 6,512 acres. Enrollment figures also vary widely. Reservations differ markedly in other ways as well, including governing structure, resource base, range of available services and treaty provisions. Nonreservation Indians are either from nonrecognized tribes or are members of recognized tribes not having a land base. Reservations are in various stages of planning for the Klamath Tribes, the Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Indians and the Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw.