Teacher monitoring and probes are two types of informal assessment strategies. Many times they may be just as effective as formal assessments. Formal assessment strategies vary greatly. Traditional tests and essays still have their place. One can use projects, group research, and various other examples of student work in their place, or as a supplement.
Variation is key.
In order for your students to succeed, a multifaceted assessment strategy is necessary. Since that is the case, teachers need to assess differently. Having a multifaceted assessment strategy ensures that all students will have their talents, whatever they may be, rewarded. As evidence of this principle I will include several items. My pre and post-tests, and their results, is one.