Most enter the field from a variety of disciplines, including biology, genetics, nursing, psychology, public health and social work. Genetic counselors work as members of a health care team, providing information and support to families who have members with birth defects or genetic disorders and to families who may be at risk for a variety of inherited conditions. They identify families at risk, investigate the problem present in the family, interpret information about the disorder, analyze inheritance patterns and risks of recurrence and review available options with the family. Genetic counselors also provide supportive counseling to families, serve as patient advocates and refer individuals and families to community or state support services. They serve as educators and resource people for other health care professionals and for the general public.
Some counselors also work in administrative capacities.
Many engage in research activities related to the field of medical genetics and genetic counseling. Genetic counselors have diverse educational credentials and background experiences. Membership information is collected yearly in October, while a detailed Professional Status Survey is taken in even years. The following data reflects the most recent available figures. Membership in the Society is represented in 49 states, as well as in Canada, Europe, India, Republic of China, Australia, New Zealand, South America, South Africa and the Middle East.