His thesis supervisor at Oxford was Gilbert Ryle who was one of the great behaviourists. Well, the reason why Penrose and Hameroff postulate those theories in the first place is really not to deal with the hard problem so much, it's to deal with certain aspects of the easy problems. Penrose is led to postulate quantum mechanics in order to explain how it is that humans can arrive at certain mathematical insights, and mathematical proofs. And of course, those arguments are very controversial. It's still just another type of complex function there's nothing in quantum mechanics as opposed to classical mechanics which seems to suggest that it should give you consciousness.
Some people bring in quantum mechanics in other ways which are kind of intriguing.
The American physicist Henry Stapp for example liked to talk about the way in which consciousness might actually play a role in collapsing certain wave functions, which maybe in needs to do in certain interpretations of quantum mechanics, and then you'll find a certain deep and fundamental link there. But that's a different approach. Yes, well that's certainly a very deep question. One way of looking at consciousness as I've drawn it here is that it leaves consciousness dangling off to the side, it's completely outside the system, it's not playing any role - it's epiphenomenal. I sort of have two ways of approaching with this question and I'm not sure what the right answer is.