Clinical microscopy is the analysis of urine, spinal fluid and other body fluids. Clinical chemistry employs complex testing procedures for blood and other body fluids. Hematology includes the studies of blood, blood forming tissues, and coagulation phenomena. Clinical microbiology identifies disease-causing bacteria, fungi and viruses, as well as evaluating antibiotics for treatment effectiveness. Parasitology uses microscopic techniques to identify the presence of parasites.
Serology evaluates antigen antibody reactions for evidence of disease.