The level of prostaglandin increases in the second half of the menstrual cycle. When a woman s period begins, the cells in the uterine lining release prostaglandin as they are shed. Women with severe primary dysmenorrhea have significantly higher prostaglandin levels in their menstrual fluid than do other women. The only good thing that can be said about primary dysmenorrhea is that usually the symptoms don t last very long. Some women experience symptoms for up to one or two days, but rarely longer.
Secondary dysmenorrhea is caused by a physical condition.
Women who suffer from it tend to be older than those with primary dysmenorrhea. Endometriosis is the most common reason for secondary dysmenorrhea. If everything is normal, he or she might recommend prostaglandin-inhibiting medications, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen. The birth-control pill is another option, as it stops ovulation and decreases prostaglandin levels. Regular exercise can also help minimize pain and cramping.