Most commonly establishes in burn areas from stolons produced by these unburned plants. Also establishes from animal-dispersed seed. First produces stolons at 5-10 years of age. Sexual reproduction uncommon, but seedlings are occasionally found in burned or other disturbed areas. Produces abundant seed, which does not persist in seedbanks.
Seed attaches to the fur, hides, or feathers of animals, which serve as dispersal agents.
Available from speciality suppliers by mail order. Very slow to establish.