The existence of comorbid conditions such as urinary tract infections, persistent symptoms of difficulty emptying the bladder, previous surgery or radical pelvic surgery, presence of prolapse, abnormal post-void residuals or neurologic conditions. Specialists are required for further evaluation or surgery. In obstetrics and gynecology, two subspecialists are especially suited to evaluating female urinary problems. In obstetrics and gynecology, a urogynecologist and reconstructive pelvic surgeon has undergone special education and training to provide consultation and comprehensive management to women with complex, benign pelvic conditions, lower urinary tract disorders and pelvic-floor dysfunction. Comprehensive management includes diagnostic and therapeutic procedures necessary for total care of patients with these conditions and the resulting complications.
Specialized evaluation includes urodynamic testing, endoscopy and imaging.
Treatment programs are devised after completely evaluating the anatomic and functional status of the bladder and urethra and thoroughly discussing treatment alternatives with the patient. Many patients require a combination of therapies. The risks of overnight contact-lens wear Wearing contact lenses is the major risk factor for corneal infection. Among the most devastating is microbial keratitis, or corneal ulceration, which has increased 435 percent in the last 40 years. Mild anterior chamber reaction Studies have shown that the incidence of microbial keratitis is about 4 per 10,000 lens wearers per year for those wearing daily wear soft contact lenses and almost 21 per 10,000 wearers per year for those wearing extended-wear soft contacts.