Chlamydia trachomatis Testing Vol. Chlamydia trachomatis , urethritis, adnexitis, and cervicitis. The literature review was further limited to the outpatient setting. A patient presents with symptoms of urethritis, cervicitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease or is tested for Chlamydia during screening and is found to have a positive test result for Chlamydia .
Treatment is initiated.
Specimens for testing can include urethral swabs, cervical swabs, and, increasingly, urine samples. Table 1 is a summary comparison of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of each type of testing. For this clinical question, a positive test result indicates the need for treatment. Alternative treatment regimens include ofloxacin and erythromycin base or ethylsuccinate. Children and pregnant women should receive erythromycin or azithromycin.