Xanthophylls are yellow pigment responsible for the coloration found in dandelions, sunflowers, corn, egg yolks, and yellow leaves. In addition to carotenes and xanthophylls, three other chemical pigments play a role in foliage coloration. Anthocyanins produce blue, red, and violet colors. If the plant cell fluid is acidic, the coloration will be red. Conversely, if the fluid is basic, then the color will be blue.
Tannins produce brown colors often seen in tea, chestnut bark, and in oak leaves in the fall.
The final pigment is a group known as flavones. They are also yellow and are found in sumac, horse chestnut, tea and onions.