Symptoms may precede the symptoms of IBD by months or years. Spondylitis may result in fusion of the bones of the vertebral column, leading to a permanent decrease in the range of motion of the back. Pain and stiffness are frequently worse in the morning and improve with activity. The restriction of rib motion also may limit a person's ability to take a deep breath. In most cases, active spondylitis rarely persists beyond age 40.
Therapy seeks to ensure maximum functional range of motion of the spine.
Physical therapy using postural and stretching exercises is combined with the application of moist heat to the back. Treatment of the intestinal inflammation usually has no effect on the course of spinal arthritis. With proper treatment, the arthritis of IBD can usually be controlled, enabling patients to remain free of functional disability.