In sensitive species, this may result in depressed growth and yield. Salt affects soil quality. The sodium ion component in salt becomes attached to soil particles and displaces soil elements such as potassium and phosphorus. As a result, soil density and compaction increases and drainage and aeration are reduced. Plant growth and vigor are poor under these conditions.
Salt affects mineral nutrition.
When the concentration of both the sodium and chloride components of salt in the root zone is excessive, plants preferentially absorb these ions instead of nutrients such as potassium and phosphorus. When this occurs, plants may suffer from potassium and phosphorus deficiency. Salt accumulates within plants. The chloride component of salt is absorbed by roots and foliage. Although this ion can accumulate in any plant part, it is usually concentrated in actively growing tissue.