These disabling episodes can occur once, twice, or several times in a lifetime. People with dysthymia may also have bouts of major depression. Bipolar disorder , formerly called manic-depressive illness, is not nearly as prevalent a form of depression. Bipolar disorder involves cycles of depression and elation or mania. Sometimes the mood switches are rapid, but most often they are gradual.
Some types of depression run in families.
Psychological makeup also plays a role in vulnerability to depression. People with low self-esteem, who consistently view themselves and the world with pessimism, or who are readily overwhelmed by stress are prone to depression. Depressive episodes may also be triggered by a serious loss, chronic illness, difficult relationship, financial problem or any unwelcome change in life patterns. This should include a full history of symptoms, what treatment you received, any alcohol and drug use, any thoughts about death or suicide, and family history of depression. Don't overdo it or get upset if your mood doesn't greatly improve right away.