The Greeks were the first to revolt and establish an independent state 1821. Not directly relevant here, but illustrates foreign interest and involvement. See Centennia, 1875. Serbia declared war in 1876 and rebellion spread to Bulgarians. Russia invaded in the Spring of 1877.
Turkey looks on dismayed.
For a sense of nationalist hostility of Serbs against Austria, See War Fever in Serbia . Unresolved nationalist claims of the new Balkan States backed by the Russians led to the First Balkan War , October-December 1912. See Centennia from 1912.6-1913. The Albanian Question Growth of national consciousness, particularly among immigrants in U.S. and Italy. Not initially hostile to Turks, but when the Young Turk revolutionaries pushed Ottomanization, those in Kossovo revolted on behalf of autonomy.