Hist. of Sci. H yrup makes a distinction between scientific and subscientific mathematics. These fields correspond somewhat to pure and applied mathematics. H yrup discusses the distinction between scientific and subscientific mathematics and also their various kinds of relationships. H yrup touches on relevant work by the mathematicians Hero, Diophantus, and al Khwarizmi.
Surveying is discussed as a particularly important type of subscientific mathematics.
Muhammed ibn Musa al Khwarizmi . Make comment on this entry Lumpkin, Beatrice. America, Washington, DC, 1996. Discusses the work of the Benjamin Banneker, who is perhaps the most interesting early American mathematician. People sent him puzzles from all over the colonies and later from the new republic.