A discussion of Carl Jung's theory of the archetypes and a review of Stanislav Grof's research with LSD are included in part 3. The contributions of these major psychological theorists stand in their own right. Here, however, their ideas are borrowed to help explain what psyche, as distinguished from spirit, is like. In addition, discussion of these other theorists also helps to clarify what is unique about the argument of this book. At this point spirit and psyche may be characterized briefly.
Spirit entails self-awareness and so marvel, question, and awe.
Human spiritual capacity expresses itself in awareness, insight, understanding, judgment, decision, and self-determination. Insight provides the easiest example. On the other hand, psyche entails images and other mental representations, emotion, memory, and personality structure. Its most obvious expression is in dreaming. Apart from any theist presuppositions, consideration of dynamic human consciousness already provides a meaning for the notion of self-transcendence.