As recently as 1960s no one thought that alcohol, although a risk to adults overindulging, was a risk for the fetus in pregnant women. Except for the goal, each element in the template changes as progress is made. There must be a clearly stated goal, clearly stated models, data must be gathered to test the models, and the models must be subject to evaluation and revision in light of the data collected. Many human endevours do not use the scientific method.
Science is the process used to develop better technology.