There are no simple or inexpensive tests to detect venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. The most accurate tests for both conditions are invasive and carry a degree of risk. Treatment of venous thromboembolism consists of anticoagulant therapy, rest, and heating and elevation of the affected extremity. Pulmonary embolism can be treated with anticoagulant therapy and hospitalization when there is no respiratory compromise. If the embolism compromises respiration, however, thrombolytic agents are used to dissolve it quickly.
Thrombolytic therapy has a risk of bleeding complications.
Recommendations Authorities stress that prevention of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is simpler, cheaper, and safer than the diagnosis and treatment of the conditions. Given that physicians know many of the predisposing causes, prevention should be the byword. For those in good health, the simple precaution of moving the legs frequently while traveling may be sufficient to eliminate the risk of venous thromboembolism. Since the death of the British victim, several airlines have placed notices in their in-flight literature advising activity throughout the flight. Suggested reading Simpson, K. Shelter deaths from pulmonary embolism.