Groups which accepted the treaties would surrender their traditional homelands in exchange for tracts of land set apart for reservations, protection from settlers, and be supplied with provisions and cattle. However, a majority of white Californians were hostile to the idea of Indians holding land and brought pressure on the state's U.S. senators to oppose ratification. In 1852 the Senate rejected the treaties, the reservations were never created and the Indians received neither protection from hostile whites nor the promised provisions. Thus, in one instant, the Indians who had surrendered their homelands in exchange for territories promised in the treaties had neither and became a population dispossessed, with no right of citizenship or recourse to the law. To see a map depicting the ceded lands click here or here .
Several maps showing present native California land-holdings and nations are available.
Federally Recognized California Tribes Pomo Detail Map - also includes information about the Pomo and nearby nations. In addition to maps, the Reservation Field Directory has addresses, membership, meeting dates of tribal councils, populations of reservations and rancherias in the state, and a listing by county of all nations. Population figures for California Indians on rancherias and reservations and in counties are also contained in the 1990 Census of Population and Housing, which is available on CD-ROM in many academic libraries and public library systems. It contains over 100 excellent maps, covering all of the physical and cultural aspects of California, along with substantial detail on the flora and fauna. All phases of history, from the Indian era down to the 1970s, are included as are maps of faults and earthquakes, early Spanish explorations, Mexican land grants, the gold rush period, and more.