The Sun does cross the meridian at noon every day. The Moon always appears larger. The Sun always appears larger. The farther away we look in space, the deeper we are looking into the past. The hotter an object is, the bluer it appears to us.
White light consists of many colours.
The particles that produce the aurorae strike the atmosphere only near the magnetic poles. It is cloudy much more often in Iowa than in Ontario. Mercury has a weak magnetic field which is consistent with a large metal core. The amount of infrared energy emitted by Jupiter is about twice as great as the amount of sunlight that the planet absorbs. It implies that the planet is cooler than it should be.