Some chapters describe a single disease, such as osteoporosis. Other chapters encompass related diseases or disorders, such as spinal cord disorders. In either case, a discussion generally starts with a definition of the disease or disorder, printed in italics. The information that follows is often organized under headings, such as causes, symptoms, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and prognosis. Bold-faced type within the text indicates topics of major importance.
Some chapters cover a symptom or a problem caused by a disease.
For example, a chapter in the Skin Disorders section discusses itching and its many causes. More information about the specific causes of itching can be found elsewhere in the book. A chapter in the Disorders of Nutrition and Metabolism section explains the complex ways the body maintains its acid-base balance and the many causes and consequences of abnormal balance. These cross-references are hyperlinked to the chapters that contain the related material. Medical Terms Medical terms are often provided, usually in parentheses after the lay term.