A Ph.D. is also important for work in Federal agencies and some state geological surveys that involve basic research. Geoscience courses that focus on classic geologic methods and topics are important for all geoscientists. These methods and topics include mineralogy, paleontology, stratigraphy, and structural geology. Students who are interested in working in the environmental field should take additional courses. These courses are hydrology, hazardous waste management, environmental legislation, chemistry, fluid mechanics, and geologic logging.
Some employers seek applicants with field experience.
Therefore, a summer internship or work in an environmentally related area may be helpful. Geoscientists often begin their careers in field exploration or as research assistants in laboratories. They are given more difficult assignments as they gain experience. Eventually they may be promoted to project leader, program manager, or another management or research position. 5 years of postdoctoral research in geology, geophysics, geochemistry, geological engineering, or geotechnical engineering at an accredited college or university.