There may be heart murmurs or other signs of aortic insufficiency or mitral insufficiency . A urinalysis is nonspecific, but it may show urine protein or blood in the urine . A CBC may show decreased or increased RBCs and hematocrit . Cerebral angiography may show associated aneurysms . Currently, no treatment can prevent the cysts from forming or enlarging.
Treatment goals are the reduction of symptoms and prevention of complications.
Hypertension may be difficult to control, but control of it is the most important aspect of treatment. A urinary infection should be treated promptly with appropriate antibiotics. If there are symptoms of anemia , it may be treated with iron and other supplements, erythropoietin administration, or blood transfusion. Surgical or radiologic drainage of cysts may be indicated because of pain, bleeding, infection, or obstruction. Surgical removal of one or both kidneys may be required.