Utilitarianism considers the consequences of actions, not the actions themselves or the motives behind the actions. Utilitarianism is attractive in that other peoples happiness is its goal, but it has its deficiencies. Since the goal is to maximize happiness for the greatest number, the individual can be expendable. Based on this view, you could argue that starving people in the world is not of great concern since most people are not. The lives of the people of two cities are expendable when compared with the predicted suffering associated with a military taking of Japan.
Utilitarianism can argue on either side of controversial issues.
The German philosopher, Immanuel Kant, is the one most identified with this perspective. He adds that people are to be given special dignity to where they are always treated as ends and never as means, in other words, never use people. . Categorical imperatives tell one what must be done whether or not one wishes to perform the action. Such prescriptions tell us what to do provided we have certain desires or interests. For instance, if you want to get a good grade in Logic and Critical Thinking, then you should study diligently.