A diet high in saturated fat causes cholesterol, a soft, waxy substance, to build up in the arteries. Eventually, the arteries harden and narrow. The result is in increased pressure in the arteries as well as strain on the heart to maintain adequate blood flow throughout the body. Because of its high calorie content, too much dietary fat also increases the risk of heart disease. Excessive dietary fat also increases the likelihood that a person will become obese , adding another risk factor for heart disease.
Sodium is a mineral that helps the body regulate blood pressure .
It also plays a role in the proper functioning of cell membranes, muscles, and nerves. Sodium concentration in the body is controlled by the kidneys, adrenal glands , pituitary gland, and other glands. Only a small amount of sodium is lost through the stool or sweat. This balance is maintained primarily by the steroid hormone aldosterone, which controls the amount of sodium in urine. Water and sodium are also related.