The controller phase starts out at -90 degrees and increases to near 0 degrees at the break frequency. This additional phase lag is what you give up by adding integral action. Derivative action adds phase lead and is used to compensate for the lag introduced by integral action. Derivative With derivative action, the controller output is proportional to the rate of change of the measurement or error. The controller output is calculated by the rate of change of the measurement with time.
Some manufacturers use the term rate or pre-act instead of derivative.
Derivative, rate and pre-act are the same thing. PRE ACT Derivative action can compensate for a changing measurement. Thus derivative takes action to inhibit more rapid changes of the measurement than proportional action. Derivative is often used to avoid overshoot. Derivative action can stabilize loops since it adds phase lead.