BV reflects a change in the vaginal ecosystem. This imbalance, including pH changes, occurs when different types of bacteria outnumber the normal ones. The odor is noticeable especially after intercourse. Nearly half of the women with clinical signs of BV, however, report no symptoms. A physician may observe these signs during a physical examination and may confirm the diagnosis by doing tests of vaginal fluid.
Treatment is usually with antibiotics such as metronidazole or clindamycin.
BV is also associated with increased risk of gonorrhea and HIV infection. Trichomoniasis is primarily an infection of the urogenital tract. The urethra is the most common site of infection in men, while the vagina is the most common site of infection in women. However, additional research is needed to fully explore these relationships. Symptoms and Signs Trichomoniasis, like many other STDs, often occurs without any symptoms.