The principal occupations are livestock and subsistence agriculture, which, because of scanty rainfall, is largely confined to the north. Rich in mineral resources, with future geological exploration likely to add to the list. Among the most notable resources are petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, manganese, copper, uranium, phosphates and salt. The wide range of climatic areas permits diversified agricultural production, and timber resources are extensive. The Zaire River provides a vast hydroelectric potential.
Savanna vegetation is found in the northeast and the higher plateau areas.
Agriculture is the main source of livelihood. The principal export crop is caca, with cassava and sweet potatoes being the staple foods. Local manufacturing industries include the processing of oil and soap, cocoa, yucca, coffee, and seafood. Large offshore oil deposits were discovered in 1995. Open grassland are found in the extreme north and a dense rain forest covers the southwest.