The physical oceanographer studies the physical properties of the ocean and the relationship between the sea and the atmosphere. The geological oceanographer studies the topographic features, rocks, sediments, and physical composition of the ocean floor. The Command employs other types of marine scientists, such as geophysicists and physical science technicians who examine other aspects of the ocean environment. Because oceanography is the study of the ocean, most oceanographers spend a great deal of time at sea. The Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command operates eight Military Sealift Command ships, conducting oceanographic survey operations worldwide.
Some oceanographers work in ocean research at other organizations.
Because the nature of oceanography involves the sea, most oceanographers work aboard ship. A great deal of time, however, may also be spent in the laboratory interpreting data. The estimated 10,000 oceanographers, marine scientists, engineers, and support personnel employed in the United States work for government agencies, colleges and universities, and private industry. Approximately 40 percent are employed by various Federal agencies and activities, such as the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. An additional 40 percent work as teachers and researchers in colleges and universities.