The text below simply represents a crude lecture outline of one of the topics covered in class. It is not meant to substitute for attending lectures or ignoring the textbook. Additional material, including line drawings, kodachromes, and more extensive information on life-cycles and basic biology, will be supplied in the lectures.
Uninfected ants return to colony.
Paralyzed ants found only at temperatures under 20 C mandibles release when ants warm up the next morning ruminants graze in evenings and mornings, ingesting these exposed ants metacercariae excyst in duodenum, migrates up common bile duct A similar species, Brachylecithum mosquensis , infects robins in North America and utilizes carpenter ants, Campanotus spp., which wander aimlessly in brightly lit areas when infected. Lamprey, tadpoles, and even the Giant Pacific salamander may also harbor infective metacercariae. Little damage to definitive hosts except in very heavy infections. Heavy infections in humans may result in intestinal discomfort and diarrhea. Flukes may be infected with a rickettsia, Neorickettsia helminthoeca .