When Voices Clash A Study in Literary Pragmatics 1998. The answer to these questions revolves around the notion of voice, understood not only as the way a character speaks but, even more so, the way a character expresses a particular view of the world.
Vocalization implies focalization, as the author says in the book.
The clashing of voices that the title highlights happens when characters run off the story track and, by doing so, derail the entire narrative engine. The book inquires into the ways in which those collisions and derailments are caused, observed, and possibly repaired. The role of the reader is here paramount in making or breaking the narrative. While dealing with a pragmatic problem in literary theory, the book nevertheless is written in such a fashion that also non-initiated readers, taking an interest in the machinery of the reading process, may consult it with profit. Whatever claims are made in the book are shored up by lenghty extracts from literary works, from Horace to Fupz Aakesson, from Caesar to Tolstoy, by way of Woolf, Bulgakov, Wesley, Byatt, and numerous others.