If your breasts feel uncomfortably full, you may pump or express enough milk to relieve the fullness. If either nipple is sore, cracked or bleeding, this can be a point of entry for infection. If sore nipples are a recurrent problem, be vigilant about positioning and latch on. Contact your local Leader, a lactation consultant or your health care provider about other possible causes of sore nipples. If you notice dried milk secretions covering one of the nipple openings, you might apply moist, warm compresses and express some milk until the opening is clear.
Some mothers report that a thick yellowish plug emerges with gentle expression.
Nipple shields can slow the milk flow and encourage infection. Use of pacifiers and artificial nipples can affect how baby sucks and contribute to nipple soreness and development of mastitis. Some babies are reluctant to breastfeed or refuse the breast periodically, perhaps due to sensitivity or other factors. Irregular breastfeeding patterns may contribute to repeated breast infections. Your local Leader may be able to help you troubleshoot and determine possible causes for this.