The water based emulsion mixes easily with the soil, and the cured asphalt increases the material's strength and stability. The asphalt binds the soil together, increasing its strength and ability to resist deformation by the forces of traffic and water.
Soils are normally gravel, sand, silt and clay.
Some of the factors determining a soil's ability to carry a load include gradation, nature of fines, density, moisture content, drainage and loading rate. These are all considered when designing an emulsion stabilization. Part of Staged Construction Stabilization using emulsified asphalt can be the economical first step in upgrading an unpaved road. After completely curing, the stabilized material is often followed by a chip seal to protect the surface and improve skid resistance. Additional courses may be placed as increasing traffic demands dictate.