The non-flowering plants are important, but time constraints preclude covering them during this course. Environmental cues such as light and temperature will work through the action of hormones such as the gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene. In grass seedlings, auxin serves as a messenger from the photoreceptor in the tip of the coleoptile to the growth region of the coleoptile. Chapter 36 Plant Reproduction Angiosperms are flowering plants that utilize the flowers as their sexual reproduction organs. Chapter 39 Animal Reproduction Asexual reproduction is very common in the animal kingdom.
Some animals reproduce asexually either all of the time or some of the time.
Mammalian Reproduction involves internal sexual reproduction. Humans provide familiar models to study the mammalian processes. Chapter 40 Animal Development Animal development involves many processes beginning with fertilization and continuing throughout the life of the organism.