The incubation period is usually one to three weeks after exposure to an infected tick. However, not every exposure results in infection. Special laboratory tests can detect recent infection with the Ehrlichia bacteria. Other laboratory findings may include low white blood count, low platelet count and abnormal liver enzyme tests. Because diagnostic tests are not readily available, the diagnosis of ehrlichiosis should be made based on clinical symptoms and a history of exposure to ticks.
Tetracycline antibiotics are usually rapidly effective for ehrlichiosis.
Because these antibiotics can cause dental staining in children, physicians should consult an infectious disease expert when treating children. As with Lyme disease, avoiding tick bites will prevent ehrlichiosis. Remove the tick as soon as possible. Use tweezers, grab the tick's mouth parts close to the skin and pull it straight out. Do not squeeze the tick's body when removing it and do not handle the tick with bare hands.