The authors took a 3D scanner developer s viewpoint to review different 3D digitizing techniques. They briefly compare existing systems and give special consideration to active optical triangulation-based scanners. A portable 3D scanning system called Autoscan provides flexibility, reliability, and accuracy for scanning 3D surfaces. The authors describe vision algorithms for interactive graphics and present vision-controlled graphics applications based on them.
Some applications employ an artificial retina chip for image detection or preprocessing.
The authors outline the theory and implementation of low-frequency electric fields as sensing techniques, then present a range of applications developed for interacting with computer graphics. This article discusses applying touch feedback systems to 3D modeling. To achieve a high interactivity level requires novel rendering techniques such as volume-based rendering algorithms. An alternative GIS user interface designed using a formal mathematical model and human-factor engineering relies on direct manipulation of icons representing spatial and temporal data layers. Inc. All rights reserved.