When trenching for utilities, bore under the root system instead of cutting through roots and combine utilities in the same trench where possible. Use retaining walls as much as possible instead of complete site grading. Minimize compaction by working when soils are dry and using hand equipment instead of large mechanical equipment. If possible build structures on posts rather than footings or extensive foundations. Strive to minimize activities which cut roots or adversely affect soil characteristics.
Trees vary significantly in their tolerances to construction damages.
The ranges presented in the Tree Tolerances to Root Damage Table are based on the author's observations. In addition to species differences, the root distribution pattern for each individual tree will affect its tolerance to construction. If most of a tree's roots are located away from the construction zone, it will suffer minimal damage. Tree saving practices during construction can be both time consuming and expensive. In some cases, removal and replacement after construction may be the most viable alternative.