The risk to adolescents alone in cities is greatest, because there are so many negative influences on the streets. Even siblings who take care of each other may feel stress, and they miss the chance to have enriching group experiences in high quality programs. This guide provides information about after-school programs so parents can choose the best one for their children. Fortunately there are good after-school programs in most urban communities. Some may even be free, the cost of others is usually based on family income, and there may be subsidies or scholarships available.
Schools run some programs themselves and others are sponsored by schools or school districts.
One advantage of the school location is that children don't have to travel to get there, so there are no safety or financial issues. Another is the availability of good facilities, like a kitchen and gymnasium, and good equipment, like a laboratory and computers. A disadvantage is that the children may feel like they have just a longer school day instead of a different, exciting experience in the afternoon. Public agencies run some programs, but their activities they organize are usually limited. So, for example, libraries only operate reading programs, and city recreation departments only offer opportunities to participate in sports.