Both chains are divided into variable and constant regions. Information for antigen binding resides on the variable region, while the constant region contains information for arranging a number of different immune effector functions. A correlation has been made between chromosomal abnormalities and immunophenotype. T-cell lymphoma patients had more frequent abnormalities. This disease can be characterized by a number of anomalies.
Specific genes are capable of inducing cell transformation, thus causing cancers to form.
The knowledge of certain oncogenes offers understanding in the molecular basis of a particular type of cancer. Proto-oncogenes give rise to normal cell genes from which retroviral oncogenes originate. In the 5 noncoding region, translocations and somatic mutations occur. The first, lymphocytic lymphoma, commonly affects humans around age 40. It has a T-cell origin, and is composed of convoluted nuclei.