Optimum germinating conditions are warm, well-lighted, and humid. Seed hairs or plumes respond to humidity. Increased humidity causes a decreased plume diameter which results in reduced loft. This increases the chance that seeds are deposited in places with moisture adequate for germination. Root growth begins at 40 degrees F, preceeding stem emergence.
Shoots emerge in spring.
Leaves are full grown approximately 1 month after emergence. Flowers bloom June-September. Fruits mature approximately 1 month later. Seeds are released beginning in August and continue to be shed after shoots have died from frost injury. Foliage will turn color with limited water availability in the late summer and fall.