Its cause is unknown, although current research indicates that immunologic and inflammatory reactions can lead to arthritis and joint injury. OA is suspected when a joint starts to hurt. Diagnosis can be confirmed by a physical examination, X-rays or other imaging techniques, and by ruling out other types of arthritis. OA is often present along with other types of arthritis. RA begins slowly, with subtle symptoms, and can be difficult to diagnose.
Symptoms vary in severity in the affected joints and organs.
Skill and experience are needed to reach a diagnosis and to decide the most appropriate treatment. Therapy for OA aims to relieve pain and improve joint function. Medication usually begins with analgesics, such as acetaminophen, and may progress to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen sodium. Corticosteroid injections can be helpful. Surgery is sometimes necessary to repair or replace damaged joints.