Older kachina dolls were stiff and simply carved, sometimes with mere stumps for legs. Contemporary carver, John Fredericks, has returned the kachina to a more natural style. Discuss the meaning of a symbol. Look for symbols and kachinas in video. Students make armature.
Students apply papier-mache'.
Discuss kinds of kachina dolls and symbolism. Demonstrate painting techniques. Students design kachina spirits of their choice, painting background colors first, then painting details. Add headress, hair and accessories. Students name their kachina and write the meaning of its symbol.