Even the coastal areas are very dry. There are no forests. The Nile Valley which extends at the maximum some kilometres on either side of the river, gives just a about enough ground for agriculture needed by the fast growing population in Egypt. The delta area, where the Nile divides into many smaller rivers, is of major importance to agriculture of Egypt. The climate in Egypt is generally very hot in summer time, but with big differences between the northern parts and the south.
Winter is generally warm.
Average winter temperatures are between 13 o C in the north, and 21 o C in the south. This was originally used as name of Memphis , the first capital of Egypt. The present name 'Misr' or 'Masr', was introduced by the Arabs , and is a word denoting a large city. Today that word has lost its original meaning, due to Egypt's importance in the Arabic world.