Can't be preprogrammed because bees can't adjust to the change if moved from one hemisphere to another. C. Polarized light orientation. Run to ocean where safe when danger threatens. Placed on opposite side of island and ran onto the land. Can test by blocking sun and showing them a mirror image in wrong direction and the animals go wrong.
Shows sun important.
But when sun blocked and no substitute given, animals went in correct direction. Von Frisch and his bees help to solve puzzle. When bees dance on a horizontal surface where they can see the sun or the sky their dance points directly at the food source. Used optical filters. UV blocking filter, ruined dance orientation.