Go ahead and ask. If it doesn't work after the first paper where you think you qualified, then ask your supervisor what it will take for you to be an author. Everything will probably work out and you'll get the terrific satisfaction of seeing those long hours of work in the lab pay off with your name in print for all the world to see. Don't lose your cool. First and foremost, talk to your advisor.
Scientists are as complicated as anyone else, and misunderstandings are common.
If you cannot resolve the problem, finish your thesis and find a new lab. Nearly every graduate student I have known in the last twenty years has had to deal with problems like these. Happily I can report that almost all have had a very reasonable and productive resolution using the ideas presented in the guidelines and taking the direct approach with their advisor. After deciding who will and will not be an author it is necessary to decide the order of the authors. And attached to either position is the status associated with being the author for correspondence.