Teachers can promote motivation and the value of reading by displaying enthusiasm, providing materials, modeling behaviors. Motivation and reading for pleasure are mutually reinforcing. Student effort is essential to successful learning. Effort is the variable most within students' control. Students must learn the direct relationship between effort and achievement.
Successful classrooms are places of expectation and responsibility.
Academic Language Academic language refers to the language of literacy, the language of books, tests, and formal writing. There are several interrelated aspects of academic language that differ from conversational speech. They include language function, vocabulary, background knowledge, text structure, syntactic complexity, and abstract thinking. Proficiency in academic language is related to achievement in reading and writing as early as third grade. Academic language is learned by repeated and extended use.