Depending on how much of your colon has been removed, you may encounter loose stools and some bleeding at first. Normal bowel function usually returns within two weeks. Again, it is important to ask your doctor what is normal, and what you should be concerned about, so you can communicate any problems. Patients usually do not require a colostomy , either temporary or permanent after colon surgery. However, after rectal surgery, either may be required.
Temporary colostomy allows a newly reconstructed rectum to heal completely.
It may be needed for a period of two to three months. After that time, a simple procedure done by the surgeon can reverse the colostomy and soon after return bowel functions to normal. If the lowest portion of the rectum is removed permanent colostomy may be needed. This happens when the cancer is so close to the anus that none of the surrounding muscles that control bowel movements can be saved. It is flat and is not visible under clothing.