Study circles are grounded historically in the U.S. town meeting tradition and in the study groups of the Chautauqua era at the turn of the century. Complex issues are broken down into manageable subdivisions, and controversial topics are dealt with in depth. Meeting for several sessions provides the opportunity to develop continuity and camaraderie. At the same time, setting a specific and limited number of sessions makes it possible for busy people to participate. Accessible reading material provides a common starting point for the discussions and helps group members consider a range of views.
Study circles are voluntary and highly participatory.
They do not look to experts for the final word on an issue, but use expert opinion as one way to inform ideas and choices. All viewpoints are taken seriously and each participant has an equal opportunity to participate so that the group can capitalize on the unique wisdom and experience of all its members. Study circles differ from typical public meetings in that they do not begin with specific desired outcomes. Also, study circles provide comfortable, open settings for everyone to explore public issues without the need to defend a position. People are invited to share their ideas, listen to one another, and learn together.