Organisations often argue that their needs are unique. Standardise interfaces All institutions will have systems from many sources. The difficulty is to integrate systems. Some try to solve the problem by building everything, others by buying from the one vendor. A better solution is to adopt interface standards.
Standards exist for defining interfaces.
You can see how this works by looking at a case study on specifying a general ledger application. Corba is a large group who use these OMG and UML standards. Give Choices There are always multiple solutions to a given problem. Although it is a standards issue it is important enough to have a category of its own. Most administration computing is to do with communication in one form or another.