Thus the logic that capitalism must be overthrown is established. Criticize the theory of surplus value. If there is no such concept as necessary working hours, and if it is only a fictitious concept, then surplus working hours cannot exist, either. Therefore, the concept of surplus value itself cannot be established. Marx says necessary working hours are the hours in which the laborer offers the labor worthy of wages.
Wages are the price of labor power.
Therefore, necessary working hours are the working hours required for the production of daily necessities of life for the laborer. If that is true, the introduction of new machinery should be able to reduce wages. Since new machines can produce much more inexpensive commodities of better quality, the hours required for the production of daily living materials, that is, necessary working hours are shortened. Therefore. wages also should be reduced. But today, unlike the age of Marx, wages are seldom reduced, but are more likely to increase.