Which one, the user can only guess. If I is applied on C, then it terminates with a saturated set of clauses C' not containing the empty clause. Provided I is refutationally complete, C' is consistent. We call this representation model representation . No hungry cat gazes at the moon.
Some cats gazing at the moon are in love.
Conclude that some cats which are in love are hungry. We want to know whether the conclusion is logically justified or not. It is easy to see that any reasonable resolution refinement terminates on C, without inferring the empty clause. There are arbitrarily many possibilities to modify a statement so that it becomes valid. No hungry cat gazes at the moon.