These periodicals are usually published by a scholarly professional association or university . The editors are usually scholars in the field with established reputations. Before the editors accept an article for publication, it is first reviewed by scholars or researchers in the field. Illustrations, if any, are usually graphs or charts , with few color graphics or photographs. The articles are lengthy and extensively documented , with all references provided in footnotes or end notes.
Scholarly journals contain few, if any, advertisements .
The primary purpose of trade journals is to provide news and information to people in a particular industry or profession . Although these journals can be published by for-profit corporations, they are often published by a professional association . The editorial staff, which selects the articles, consists mainly of individuals with experience or education within the industry or profession . The authors are usually practitioners or educators within the industry or profession . The articles focus on practical topics of interest to practitioners.