They are well known for style, efficiency, clean combustion, safety, and the ability to store heat and release it slowly. They are common in Europe, and are gaining popularity in the United States. A wide variety of masonry heater designs and styles are available. Larger models resemble conventional fireplaces and may cover an entire wall.
Smaller models take up about as much space as a wood or pellet stove.
They can be custom-built or purchased as prefabricated units. Most are intended for burning wood, but they were historically designed to burn almost any type of solid fuel. There are also several companies that make units that use natural gas or propane. For all types, as the hot combustion gases from the fire pass through the network of smoke channels, the masonry absorbs much of the heat, which then is radiated slowly and steadily into the home over the next 12 to 20 hours. Wood burning masonry heaters are much more efficient and clean burning than conventional wood burning fireplaces.