The transaction cost for collaborations involving a partnership is higher than that for simple agents. This learning carries over into the next time step. Second, the agents learn from the environment. Their knowledge tends towards the values of environmental features. The amount of learning that they do depends on their success in stage 4.
Unsuccessful agents have neither the resources nor the information to do much learning.
A random selection of the digits in the agent s knowledge base are replaced by the mean of their values and the corresponding values from the environment. The number of such replacements is proportional to the overall reward gained by the agent in stage 4. Third, the environment changes randomly as a result of exogenous factors . Fourth, the environment changes as a result of the activity of the agents. That is the end of the processing carried out during a single time step.