Click here for a discussion of correlational and experimental studies. As well, classical conditioning can be used to treat other childhood problems, such as bedwetting. The bedwetter sleeps on a pad that is sensitive to small amounts of liquid. Whenever the pad gets wet, an alarm sounds to awaken the child. The two main impacts are a lifespan focus and the recognition that social conflict plays a central role in personality development.
Social conflict has to be considered in a cultural context.
See pages 67-70 of the text for more detail.