Reflexes may be abnormal in the arm. Specific muscle losses may indicate the portion of the brachial plexus that has been damaged. Detailed history may be needed to determine the possible cause of the neuropathy. Tests are guided by the suspected cause of the dysfunction, as suggested by the history, symptoms presented, and pattern of symptom development. They may include various blood tests, X-rays, scans, or other tests and procedures.
Treatment is aimed at maximizing independence.
The cause should be identified and treated as appropriate. In some cases, no treatment is required and recovery is spontaneous. If there is no history of trauma to the area, conservative treatment is indicated by sudden onset, minimal sensation changes with no difficulty in movement, and no test evidence of nerve axon degeneration. Surgical decompression may relieve an entrapped nerve, or surgical removal of lesions that press on the nerve may help some cases. Various other medications may be used to reduce the stabbing pains that some persons experience, including phenytoin, carbamazepine or tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline.