Samples normally required are from both grandparents. In cases where one grandparent's sample is not available the testing can still be performed requiring more in-depth DNA analysis. Deceased Father Parties wishing to establish the paternity with the unavailability of paternal samples are able to use our Father Unavailable DNA Testing Services. In such cases, DNA samples are obtained from paternal relatives or deductive DNA analysis from family reconstruction. Sibling-Sibling Testing DNA Testing can be used to establish the relationship between siblings.
Samples required are from both parties from whom the relationship is to be determined.
Twin Zygosity DNA Testing can be used to determine identical or fraternal twin relationships. Samples required are from both alleged twin parties being tested. Sample requirements can be from blood, buccal swab or hair. Sample requirements can be blood, buccal swab or hair.