Both subsurface and surface water are acceptable for crawfish cultivation. Subsurface water often contains soluble iron and hydrogen sulfide that must be reduced before water enters the pond. Water recirculation systems are usually recommended for ponds that must rely on subsurface water. Surface water is desirable for large ponds because it is less expensive to pump, but it may not be reliable in quantity and quality. Crawfish ponds are initially flooded in September and October, usually two of the drier months in the year.
Surface water contains predacious fishes which are removed through the aeration screen.
Mechanical paddlewheel aerators, 0.25-0.33 horsepower per surface acre, can be used to aerate and circulate crawfish pond water with more cost effectiveness than water replacement by pumping. Pond location and local energy costs dictate the type of pump and power source used for crawfish ponds. Water quality Over 99 percent of production problems in crawfish ponds can be directly attributed to improper water management. A good water quality management program requires that crawfish ponds be properly designed and constructed, and that they have a dependable supply of surface or subsurface fresh water. Dissolved oxygen should be maintained above 3 parts per million for optimal crawfish production.