This sentence contains information about the origin of the reference, even without citation. In the interests of brevity, IEEE discourages the use of content, biographical, and additional bibliographic notes. The above passage is an example of direct quotation. The writer here uses square brackets to indicate that the original source differs slightly from this reproduction. In order to fit this quotation into the grammar of the main sentence, the writer has changed the first letter of the original source from uppercase to lowercase.
Square brackets signify the addition of clarification material to the quoted passage.
If you quote more than three lines from an outside source, you should indent the quoted material. Provide page number from which the quotation is drawn in your citation in the reference list. The method which has yielded the greatest clarity is single-shot flash photography. The writer has determined that only the comparison between movies and still flash pictures is important enough to repeat, and rephrased the original source in order to emphasize that comparison. Even though the writer does not use the exact words, the paraphrased detail still comes from Chandra and Avedisian , who listed six different sources to defend their point.