As we approach Niwot Ridge, the trees are noticeably smaller and shrub-like. Here in the ecotone, we see the transition between forest and tundra biomes. It's noticeably windier as we move away from the protection offered by the subalpine forest. Arriving near the elevation of the tundra, the harsh environment fragments the forest edge into isolated tree islands.
Vegetation grows in the down wind direction.
Tundra communities of herbs and shrubs are found interspersed between these islands. As we proceed towards higher elevations, tree islands give way to the a complete cover of tundra vegetation. Figure 3.2 View of the forest - tundra ecotone on Niwot Ridge, Colorado . Indicate the direction the wind blows relative to the shape of the vegetation.