By that time, most countries have completed arithmetic and are using it in the study of other topics. We can make no such inference. A national curriculum does not necessarily mean a focused, non-repetitive, and challenging curriculum. We do need, however, the kind of direction and guidance for our curriculum that the NCTM Standards have begun to provide. Teacher solves example problems with class.
Students practice on their own while the teacher assists individual students.
Teacher poses complex thought-provoking problem. Students struggle with the problem. Various students present ideas or solutions to the class. Class discusses the various solution methods. The teacher summarizes the class' conclusions.