The exam usually will be normal. Limited findings may include flank pain and low-grade temperature. Urine containing significant squamous epithelial cells suggests contamination, and urinalysis should be repeated. Common organisms are herpes, trichomonas, Neisseria gonorrhea, or Chlamydia, and sometimes chemical irritation. . Careful history and physical examination often help in determining the likely etiology.
Treatment can be inpatient or outpatient, depending upon the severity of the infection.
Certain antibiotic choices are to be avoided in pregnant patients, such as the quinalone and tetracycline class antibiotics. Young, healthy adults usually require 3-5 days' treatment. Pregnant women and patients with DM, chronic disease, or sickle cell disease usually require the complete 7-10 day course. If patients are not asymptomatic in 3 days, consider drug failure, obstruction due to stones, or renal abscess. Prevention Women should be instructed to wipe themselves from the front to the rear after urinating and to void after sex.