Taking enough folic acid may prevent some birth defects, especially neural tube defects like spina bifida. Avoid or limit caffeine to one serving a day. Reduce stress , or learn how to effectively cope with it. Avoid exposure to high temperatures. Women who take long hot baths, or sit in a hot tub can damage the embryo's nervous system during the first 30 days after conception.
Sperm production is reduced in men who drive a truck for hours or regularly sit in hot tubs.
Prevent toxoplasmosis , a parasite infection that can cause mental retardation and blindness in babies. The parasite is found in cat feces, in raw and undercooked meats and on unwashed fruits and vegetables. Keep cats off kitchen counters, tables and where you prepare food. Have someone else change the cat litter. Cook meats thoroughly.