Percentage of population with access to health care is the share of the population that can expect treatment for common diseases and injuries, including essential drugs on the national list, within one hour's walk or travel. In urban areas the source may be a public fountain or standpipe located not more than 200 meters away. In rural areas the definition implies that members of the household do not have to spend a disproportionate part of the day fetching water. The definition of safe water has changed over time. Percentage of population with access to sanitation is the share of the population with at least adequate excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta.
Suitable facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with sewerage.
To be effective, all facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine, and against DPT after receiving two or three doses of vaccine, depending on the immunization scheme.