A 75-second, 1.3 mile, high speed chase resulted during which speeds of up to 100 mph were reached in a residential area. When the motorcyclist dumped the bike, the deputy skidded into the decedent at about 40 mph, killing him. The defendant deputy sheriff appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court. In this case, the deputy's intent was to do his job as a law enforcement officer, not to induce lawlessness, to terrorize, cause harm, or kill. While prudence might have dictated another course of action, the Constitution does not require it.
Unjustified conduct intended to injure or kill is the standard in such cases.