For this reason, you cannot tell the age of a Rattlesnake by the number of rattles on its tail. Other identifying characteristics of rattlesnakes are their eyes, which have vertical pupils and two pits found beneath their nostrils. Pit Vipers are snakes which have two pits under their nostrils to detect heat, thus enabling the rattlesnake to hunt warm-blooded prey. The pits are so sensitive they can determine the size of the warm-blooded animal and can even detect prey in complete darkness. The coloring and pattern of the snakes skin is helpful when trying to identify the Rattlesnakes species.
Size is another factor in determining the age and species of the snake.
The geographic location will also help determine the species since, only a number of Rattlesnake species are found in specific regions. Diamond patterns, colors, speckles, stripes near the face or tail and numerous other details help determine the specific species of a Rattlesnake. If you are faced with the task of identifying a Rattlesnake, take note of the dominant colors in the snake's skin and the patterns of its skin. Black diamonds, red diamonds, light in color with speckles, green in color, etc. This information may help a medical professional or poision control center evaluate a snakebite situation for the best method of treatment.