Early Middle Ages, 300-1100. The decline of Rome and the rise of Germanic monarchy, the Carolingian and Ottonian Empires, the growth of feudalism, and monasticism and papal reform. The emphasis is on the political and institutional development of Western European society and its relations with Byzantium and Islam. Later Middle Ages, 1100-1500. A survey of political, economic, religious, and intellectual developments within western Christendom.
Special emphasis is on the main currents of medieval thought.
Art and city culture in early Renaissance Italy. Painting, sculpture, and architecture in Italy from Michelangelo to the Carracci. European Art 400-1000. Cultural historical in orientation, the focus is on functions of imagery in early medieval societies. Celtic and Nordic Mythology.