Voltages and polarities allow the ranking of the reduction potentials. Attention is directed to side reactions forming H 2 and O 2 as well as to PbSO 4 and PbO 2 . Using a thermistor probe and Seraphim software, the maximum temperature is measured for the neutralization of a series of acids with various bases. Student data is pooled for HOAc, HCl, HNO 3 and H 2 SO 4 with NaOH, KOH and NH 3 . SO 4 is prepared and titrated with standard HCl to determine NH 3 using a pH meter.
Students enjoy analyzing the compound that they have synthesized.
O is prepared from aqueous FeCl 3 and K 2 C 2 O 4 . The resulting emerald green crystals are analyzed in subsequent experiments. The KMnO 4 solution is prepared utilizing techniques of quantitative transfer. Both visual and potentiometric endpoints are recorded. This is a summary report for Experiments 27 through 32.