The connection from the amygdala to the cortex is much stronger than the connection from the cortex to the amygdala. This implies that once the amygdala sends out its fear signal, the cortex can't shut if off right away because the connection is substantially weaker. The signal neurochemicals are released until the cortex can send a sufficient termination signal. The amygdala influences memory storage and recollection by releasing hormones which effect other parts of the brain involved in memory functions. The second structure of the brain examined in this essay is the hippocampus which is clearly influenced by the amygdala.
Sustained stress can damage the hippocampus.
The stress glucocortoids over time accelerate the death of hippocampus neurons. A study was done using magnetic resonance imaging to measure hippocampal volumes in patients who were victims of abuse. This is clear evidence that experience changes the brain. The hippocampus is particularly sensitive to cortisol which after a stressful experience, can continue to circulate for extended periods of time. The experience caused a chemical change within the brain which altered the structure of the hippocampus.