Prairies may be an important sink of carbon dioxide, of growing importance in light of concern over global climate changes. As a result of continuing habitat loss, prairies have become perhaps the most threatened habitat in the United States. Over the course of American history, more than 115 million acres of wetlands have disappeared, down from an original total of 221 million acres. Over 30 million acres of the remaining acreage are considered too contaminated to be ecologically useable. Wetlands like those found on the Katy Prairie support a significant amount of industry.
Wetlands are vital as dilution areas for toxic discharges.
The diversity of habitats on the Katy Prairie allows the coexistence of a variety of people and wildlife. Open spaces like the Katy Prairie are crucial to maintaining the freedom and quality of rural life, supporting outdoor activities such as hunting and birding. The Katy Prairie supports a tremendous amount of wildlife. An average total of 597,000 representatives of 196 avian species were recorded in the 1977-1994 period during Christmas bird counts. Currently, beaver, alligator, deer, coyote, bobcat and squirrels still reside on the Katy Prairie, providing enjoyment for naturalist and hunter alike.