Developing the appropriate blend of broad, flexible underpinnings and focused attention to disciplinary specifics is critical to meeting the full range of NSF objectives. Four overlapping categories combine with the broad thematic emphases on integrating research and education and building diversity in the human resource base for science and engineering to address the National Science and Technology Council's priority for An Educated Citizenry systematically. They do not cover all aspects of the investment in education and human resources, but they provide a framework for describing the character of the investment. Since the initial articulation of National Education Goals in 1989, the Federal Government has adopted a comprehensive strategy for working toward the goal centered on making the U.S. first in the world in science and mathematics achievement. Systemic refers to fundamental, comprehensive and coordinated changes made in science, mathematics and technology education through attendant changes in school policy, financing, governance, management, content and conduct.
Specific efforts focus on changes at the state, city, rural areas and local school district levels.
Collaboration and development of partnerships are necessary for improvement. Teacher training, curriculum adoption and adaptation, and appropriate assessment are key elements of systemic plans. NSF can play a key role by helping academic institutions to provide a quality science and mathematics education for all students at all levels. Workers well-grounded in science and mathematics are critical to occupations both in and out of the science and technology enterprise. These responsibilities are addressed through curriculum reform, development of faculty and teachers, providing research experiences for students, and promoting learning connected to context, phenomena, and realistic use.