The disorder involves inflammation of the lining of the blood vessels. The cause of the inflammation is unknown, but is likely related to autoimmune factors. The wall of the vessel may scar and thicken. Necrotizing vasculitis may affect any blood vessel of the body, and therefore any part of the body, including the muscles, nerves, kidneys, liver, or any other area. There is no known way to prevent this disorder.
Symptoms vary depending on the location of the affected vessels.
A muscle biopsy of the suspected muscle , nerve biopsy , or organ or tissue biopsy shows vasculitis . A chest x-ray may indicate lesions of the chest. A urinalysis may show blood, casts , urine protein , or other abnormalities. Hepatitis blood tests may be positive. Treatment aims at reduction of the inflammation, allowing the natural healing process to occur.