Because the parts of an organisation are so closely interconnected, the good, or bad, effects of an action on one part will spread will spread through all the rest. We forget the time dimension. Especially in large organisations, with strong central control, the time to make decisions is far too long. So the organisation as a whole cannot cope with rapid change. Never leave variation out of account.
Variation means uncertainty, and uncertainty means waste.
We must learn to manage these in completely different ways. Management depends on prediction. Both are dangerous. In a world which changed slowly, experience of the past was a good guide. Even so, appearances are deceptive, and wrong ideas take a long time to die.