The cancer usually occurs before age 40 years. The genetic defect for these syndromes has been determined, and those at risk can be identified through genetic screening. Once identified as carriers of the defective gene, these people require counseling and regular screening to detect precancerous and cancerous tumors. The risk increases more if you have multiple affected family members who were diagnosed at a young age. Whether diet plays a role in developing colon cancer remains under debate.
Studies do support a beneficial effect for exercise and a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
Obesity has been identified as a risk factor for colon cancer. Recent studies have suggested that estrogen replacement therapy and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as aspirin may reduce colorectal cancer risk. If you have any of these symptoms, seek immediate medical help. You may notice bleeding from your rectum or blood mixed with your stool. Rectal bleeding may be hidden and chronic and may show up as an iron deficiency anemia.