Some documents are available in pdf format.
They can be viewed and printed using the Acrobat Reader 3.0 program. The ECB Occasional Papers will make public material used by the ECB and the Eurosystem. They will always contain work carried out by ECB staff and will be published in the name of the authors. By contrast with the ECB Working Papers, Occasional Papers are not intended to present original contributions to economic theory. Authors may, and often will, use old and new economic theories and empirical methodologies to present their results or to underpin their conclusions.