Research in the Earth's system components can reveal the interaction of the ocean with the atmosphere, coupled with the many different life forms that make up the Earth's biosphere. Incorporating these interactions in Earth system models will test our understanding of the basic mechanisms, such as rainfall, and will improve simulations of future global trends. Because we do not have adequate rain measurements, existing climate models do not accurately predict the amounts of heat being released. TRMM data will help climate modelers in remedying one of their most serious deficiencies by providing more accurate rain and heat information. The ocean influences atmospheric dynamics through evaporation and heat transfer.
Tropical clouds can act as a shield against solar radiation impinging on the sea surface.
There is a close coupling between the development of large cloud systems and warmth of the sea surface. Interaction between ocean and atmosphere is vital in weather and climate on all scales. Tropical forests and their soils are a major source of many of the atmosphere's trace constituents. Together, forests and the atmosphere act as a single water and energy-regulating system. Water received as rainfall returns to the atmosphere through evaporation and transpiration.