This condition is characterized by dilatation and impaired contraction of the left or both ventricles. Histology is nonspecific. Presentation is usually with heart failure which is often progressive. Arrhythmias, thromboembolism and sudden death are common and may occur at any stage. Typically the left ventricular volume is normal or reduced.
Systolic gradients are common.
Familial disease with autosomal dominant inheritance predominates. Mutations in sarcomeric contractile protein genes cause disease. Arrhythmias and premature sudden death are common. This entity is characterised by restrictive filling and reduced diastolic volume of either or both ventricles with normal or near normal systolic function and wall thickness. Increased interstitial fibrosis may be present.