Pork provision can explain why re-election probabilities in Congress exceed those for governors. Large or rich districts especially value term limits when there is substantial pork. We characterize the welfare of all voters, not just the median voter. If voters are increasingly averse to distant location by candidates, the median voter may not be decisive. Then, the imprimateur that a party places on its representative offers voters with extreme ideologies valuable reassurance. 4.
Voters disagree about how much to pay legislators.
Voters with more extreme ideologies prefer to pay legislators less. If pay is too high, only some incumbents who locate at the median are re-elected. Voter preferences are Euclidean, but any voter will vote for candidate A unless D is closer to her ideal point by some fixed distance d . The location of the median voter's ideal point is uncertain and its distribution is commonly known by both candidates. The candidates simultaneously choose locations to maximize the probability of victory.