Energy can be transferred and matter can be changed. Nevertheless, when measured, the sum of energy and matter in systems, and by extension in the universe, remains the same. Changes in systems can be quantified. Mathematics is essential for accurately measuring change. Different systems of measurement are used for different purposes.
Scientists usually use the metric system.
An important part of measurement is knowing when to use which system. For example, a meteorologist might use degrees Fahrenheit when reporting the weather to the public, but in writing scientific reports, the meteorologist would use degrees Celsius. Scale includes understanding that different characteristics, properties, or relationships within a system might change as its dimensions are increased or decreased. Rate is also a measure of change for a part relative to the whole, for example, change in birth rate as part of population growth. The general idea of evolution is that the present arises from materials and forms of the past.