Freezing Point- the temperature at which a material changes from a liquid to a solid state upon cooling. Melting Point- a temperature at which a material changes form a solid to a liquid upon heating. Solubility in Water- a term expressing the percentage of a material that dissolves in water at ambient temperature. Specific Gravity- ratio of density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, at a specified temperature. Specific gravity is a dimensionless number.
Water is the reference for solids and liquids, while air is the reference for gases.
This formula ratio is correct for a pure gas at room temperature. However, this ratio does not accurately express the vapor density of a liquid solvent. Viscosity- measurement of a fluid's thickness or resistance to flow.