Treatment Definition A group of psychotic disorders characterized by disturbances in thought, perception, affect, behavior, and communication lasting longer than six months.
Schizophrenia is a disease of the brain.
Changes in neurophysiological function that characterize schizophrenia have been identified, but its exact causes are unknown. Genetic factors appear to play a role, as close relatives of a person with schizophrenia are more likely to develop the disorder. Problems with intrauterine development and birth may increase the risk for developing schizophrenia later in life. Psychological and social factors may also play some role in its development. Previously held theories that considered schizophrenia a result of communication or child-rearing practices have been discredited.