Provide a specific example for each major category that is recommended for optimal health. Complex carbohydrates and fibers are recommended because fiber may decrease incidence of colon cancer and stimulate feeling of satiety. Lipids are needed for fuel, component of cell membranes and to produce lipid compounds such as steroid hormones and bile saltes. Trace elements, iron, copper, iodide, fluoride, and selenium are required in smaller amounts. Minerals are required as components of body tissues and fluids.
Salts are important maintaining fluid balance.
Specific examples include carotenoids which can be converted to vitamin A. Phytochemicals are not considered essential nutrients. However, flavonoids may act as antioxidants. Indoles and isocyanates may help in the synthesis of anti-cancer enzymes. Consult the Concepts of Biology web page and visit the web tutorial on the insect digestive system. Credit is given if answers are complete and accurately describe features of the insect digestive system with the comparable part of the vertebrate digestive system and the function of the feature.