The time of flowering, duration of bloom, flower color, and plant size are all important considerations when selecting plants to attract butterflies. Many plants which attract butterflies, especially trees and shrubs, may already be present in a specific area. Although weeds and some native plants are generally not welcome in a garden, allowing them to grow under supervision may be an option, as these plants help attract butterflies. Try to avoid plants like blue flax and grayhead prairie coneflower that readily reseed and may take over and dominate garden sites. Select plants adapted to your site and location, and develop a plan for the butterfly garden.
Several books are available with butterfly garden plans.
It is difficult to have a successful butterfly garden in locations where insecticides are used. Pesticides, specifically insecticides, can kill butterflies as well as a host of other useful insects. When treating for insect pests, always consider non-chemical methods of pest control before turning to pesticides. Plants that attract butterflies may also attract bees and wasps. Most bees and wasps, busy with their pollen and nectar collecting tasks, are not likely to sting if left undisturbed.