In past generations the khaen was used for entertainment and courting and had a distinct function in society. Modernization and the popularization of radio has brought Western music into popularity in areas that were formerly dominated by the traditional music of the khaen. In recent years the khaen player has experienced decreased status, which is reflected in the wage he receives from accompanying at a mawlum performance. It is not surprising, then, that northeastern music flourished simply because there was little competition. During the 60's and 70's good roads were built, communications developed, and modern culture has penetrated to the provincial towns as well as some district towns.
Today there is a new style of khaen music which uses a drum set, electric bass, and singer.
Mawlum singing is still alive and the khaen is still being played as a solo instrument, but it seems that this new style of music appeals to the younger generation. There are two other uses for the khaen in Lao society today, outside those already mentioned, that are becoming quite common. Lao schools have taken up the khaen as an instructional instrument. This would seem to serve the dual purpose of teaching music and instilling a sense of ethnic awareness in a society whose traditions and customs are being increasingly diluted by the West. The other common use for the khaen is as a beggar's instrument.