Nitrogen is very mobile in the soil and in either anhydrous, ammonia, or urea forms, nitrogen can cause significant damage to both the seed and newly emerging seedlings. So - nitrogen placement either with the seed or in close proximity to the seed above rates of about 20 pounds per acre should be avoided. The same is true for potassium salts - which tend to injure the seedlings. Phosphorus is not mobile in the soil, so it tends to stay right where you put it. Consequently, a band of phosphorus tends to provide a greater and more long-lasting effect than a broadcast spread application.
Sulfur is mobile, like nitrogen, and potassium is moderately mobile.
Bottom line - band phosphorus when the option is available and contact with the seed is not detrimental. Band or broadcast nitrogen, but placement does not seem to make a difference. The same goes for sulfur and potassium although incorporation of these latter two is preferred.