With fabric, it is of course up to your preferences whether you want the authentic look or take authenticity a step further. If you're content with the former, you can use any fabric that doesn't look obviously modern.
Some plastic fabrics can look astonishingly like silk.
Material Completely unnecessary to say, any artificial fabric such as nylon, polyester etc. is not period. Less obviously, this also goes for certain plant fibres that are nonetheless artificially produced, e.g. viscose. Even while it was legal, it was quite expensive as it was imported from India, while silk and wool could be produced in Europe. In fact, the abolishment of cotton was meant to protect the domestic textile industry. In America, on the other hand, cotton was produced domestically and rather cheaply - which may have disqualified it as too cheap, fit for servants only.