You have had radiation to the neck, have diabetes or pernicious anemia, or have taken lithium for psychiatric disorders. If you fall into any of these categories, you are at high risk for thyroid problems. Even if you don't fall into one of these categories, if you're a woman over 50 talk to your doctor about thyroid testing. Be sure to report any symptoms you have. According to the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, disorders of the thyroid are underdiagnosed in Americans, especially in older women, who are at greatest risk for thyroid disease.
Some authorities recommend testing every five years.
If you do need thyroid hormones, you must be carefully monitored to make sure your dosage is correct. You may also need to take steps to reduce your risk of bone loss. The good news is that hypothyroidism responds very well to treatment.