During cold weather, most reptiles hibernate. Some reptiles undergo a hibernation-like phase called estivation, in which they become dormant during the hot, dry part of the summer. The life spans of some reptiles are among the longest known for any vertebrates. Many species of reptiles have lived for more than 20 years in zoos, and individuals of some species of turtles have been known to live for more than 150 years. A few lizards and turtles are herbivorous as adults.
Some predatory reptiles stalk their prey, whereas others wait in ambush.
Some have special behavioral mechanisms to obtain food. African chameleons have a long, sticky tongue that they thrust out rapidly to catch insects. Reptiles have various adaptations to protect themselves from predators. Most species avoid confrontation by hiding underground or underwater. Camouflage, flight, and threat displays are also used effectively by different species.