It primarily affects children, adolescents, and young adults, although it has also been seen in people beyond these ages. Females are more frequently affected than males. The cause of the disease is unknown. Researchers suspect a genetic link because of the high incidence of the disease found in certain Japanese families. There is no cure for moyamoya disease.
Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Individuals experiencing TIAs and stroke may be given aspirin, vasodilators, or anticoagulants to reduce the risk of future attacks. Children usually respond better to revascularization surgery than adults. Progressive deterioration of cognitive function is seen in the majority of individuals with moyamoya disease. Death usually results from intracerebral hemorrhage. This fact sheet is in the public domain.