Portfolios may include a variety of demonstrations of learning in the form of papers, projects, videos, web pages, CD-ROMs, journals, etc. A description of the standards that will be used to judge a student s work on each of the criteria or important dimensions of learning. It is a scoring guide that is used in subjective appraisals of student work. It makes explicit statements about the expected qualities of performance at each point on a scale or at each rank in an ordered scoring system, for example, excellent, good, fair, poor, unacceptable. May involve comparison with a standard, or established criteria.
Students learn to set goals and monitor their own progress toward goals.
A description of the expected level of student performance on the important dimensions of the learning objectives specified for the course. The instructor develops the standards to describe the proficiency level that must be attained by each student. Each student s work is compared to the standard, rather than to the work of other students. These are also sometimes called achievement tests. Examples are the SAT, GRE, GMAT, LSAT, MCAT, etc.