Large systems of roots and fleshy stems help the cactus plants to absorb large quantities of water when available and store it through long periods of drought. Almost 90 percent of the plant is water and it can withstand a 60 percent loss of water. The plant's waxy skin also helps to prevent water loss. Cactuses have delicate, but usually large, solitary flowers in shades of yellow, white, red and purple. Not all cactuses bloom in the spring.
Some cactus blossoms are light sensitive and can only be seen at night or for a matter of hours.
Flowers can be pollinated by wind, birds, insects, or bats. Aside from garden and household decoration, the cactus plant is used as a vision-inducing drug in Indian religious ceremonies and is an important source of food in many parts of the world. For centuries this plant has been used by many of the Plains Indian tribes, including Navajo, Kiowa, Sioux, and Comanche, for inducing religious visions. Cactus enthusiasts are working to change that. Cactus steak has become a favorite in Southern Japan, cooked or raw.