They tend to be more severe when the patient is anxious and is eating rapidly. Spastic disorders of the esophagus appear at any age. Esophageal carcinoma usually leads to the insidious onset of the sensation of food sticking under the sternum. There may be an associated lancinating sensation, especially if acidic nutrients such as citrus juices are ingested. Patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus often have history of reflux.
Weight loss occurs early in the course of the disease.
A significant number of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ingest large quantities of alcohol or smoke tobacco heavily. Endoscopy Endoscopic examination of the esophagus is a standard test used in the diagnosis and management of esophageal disorders. Endoscopy not only produces high-resolution images of the esophageal mucosa but also allows biopsy that provides definitive tissue diagnosis. In addition, endoscopically guided therapies, such as dilation and stent placement, provide immediate symptomatic relief for patients with most esophageal obstructions. Barium X-ray Barium sulfate contrast examination of the esophagus is essential in all cases of dysphagia.