Half of the dose is given around the bite area, and the rest is given in the muscle. For active immunization, either the HDCV or RVA vaccine is given in a series of five injections. In those rare instances in which rabies has progressed beyond the point where immunization would be effective, the patient will be given medication to prevent seizures, relieve some of the anxiety , and relieve painful muscle spasms. Pain relievers will also be given. In the later stages, aggressive supportive care will be provided to maintain breathing and heart function.
Survival is rare but can occur.
If preventative treatment is sought promptly, rabies need not be fatal. Immunization is almost always effective if started within two days of the bite. Chance of effectiveness declines, however, the longer vaccination is put off. It is, however, important to start immunizations, even if it has been weeks or months following a suspected rabid animal bite, because the vaccine can be effective even in these cases. If immunizations do not prove effective or are not received, rabies is nearly always fatal with a few days of the onset of symptoms.