This calls for a series of special measures. It has never been feasible simply to look to more foreign aid as the answer to the external resource needs of developing countries. The traditional foreignaid syndrome must be shed, and NorthSouth relationships must be examined in a totally new context of enlightened, mutual selfinterest, and common and shared, though differentiated, responsibilities.
Special measures are necessary to reduce the debt burdens of the poorest countries.
Innovative new mechanisms and instruments for transfer of financial resources and technologies are also needed. For example, a global system of tradeable emission permits is one of the most realistic and potentially acceptable means to channel funds for environmental protection to the places where they can be used most costeffectively. And these places will, to a large degree, be in the developing world. A particular imperative is the need for all governments to make radical changes in their policies and expenditure priorities. Traditional systems of incentives and penalties by which governments motivate the economic behaviour of individuals and corporations, must be reoriented.