Each new generation of satellite has increasingly improved technology that allows it to broadcast more channels with more powerful signals. It's not unusual for one satellite to have the capability of broadcasting thirty-two different television signals at the same time. Both bands are in the ultra-high frequency microwave range of between four and twelve gigahertz. Many satellites have the capability of broadcasting in both bands. Since television signals require a large allocation of bandwidth, satellites can actually broadcast hundreds of narrow band signals such as radio or data transmissions simultaneously.
Satellites have a separate device to broadcast each channel, called transponders.
Let's assume that a company owns a commercial satellite that has 24 transponders. That company could then lease the use of each transponder for 24 hours a day to different clients who are willing to pay for that access. In this manner, satellite owners could recover the costs of manufacturing and launching the satellite and realize a profit over the life of the satellite. As satellites age or are unable to maintain their proper orbital position, they are eventually retired from service and replaced by newer satellites. The leasing of transponder time is highly competitive and prices vary based on a number of criteria.