The ion flow is the key to the brain's ability to receive and process information. The opening and closing of the gates and the speed at which they open and close are referred to as brain waves. When a group of neurons fires in synchrony there is an electrical wavelike effect, hence the term brain wave . There are two main brain wave patterns that affect Attention-Deficit Disorder. Each of the brain waves or rhythms can be connected to a particular behavior state and each of which relates to the attentional process.
Theta waves represent rhythmic slow activity.
They are usually seen when we are awake but not focusing on anything specific, such as daydreaming. Beta waves are fast waves. They represent active concentration and deep thinking. The attentional process can be monitored by evaluating the beta and theta waves. This evaluation takes place in the neurofeedback training when the electrodes are placed on specific areas of the head and a readout of the brain activity is presented on a computer screen.