Some pedons have carbonates, but have slight effervescence. The C horizon has a color range similar to the Bw horizon. It is clay and contains as much as 50 percent shale fragments by volume. The C horizon ranges from moderately acid to moderately alkaline. The Cr horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6 and 3 to 5 moist, and chroma of l to 4.
Stains are common on fracture faces of shale fragments.
It ranges from very strongly acid to slightly alkaline. These are the Kyle , Larvie , Swanboy , Twotop , Wasa , and Whitewater series. Kyle, Twotop, and Swanboy soils do not have shale within depths of 40 inches. Larvie soils do not have visible salts near the surface. In addition, Larvie soils have redder hue in the lower part of the profile.