BUN and creatinine levels increase as kidney function decreases. A urinalysis may show protein , blood, casts or other abnormality. Serum antibody to normal human glomerular basement membrane is positive. A chest X-ray shows fluid in the lung tissues. A lung needle biopsy shows immune system deposits.
Treatment is focused on slowing progression of the disease.
It is most effective when begun early, before kidney function has deteriorated to the point of requiring dialysis . Corticosteroids or other anti-inflammatory agents may be used to reduce the immune response , with variable results. Immune suppressants such as cyclophosphamide or azathioprine are used aggressively to reduce immune system effects. It is fairly effective in slowing or reversing the disorder. Dialysis may be required if kidney function is poor.