Treatment Technologies Combination of Trickling Filter and Dead End Membrane Filtration for Waste Water Treatment Treated waste water may serve as a major sub-stitute for fresh water in countries with limited water resources. For a safe reuse of treated water, it has to fulfill certain requirements. Beside the removal of pollutants the hygienic quality is an even more important aspect.
Water borne diseases present a major health risk dealing with waste water.
Membrane filtration after biological treatment is one of the tools that meets the given requirements. It offers important advantages over conventional treatment techniques, because a membrane is an absolute filter according to the given pore diameter suspended organics are completely retained and the purified effluent is completely free of particulate material the filtration unit keeps back pathogenic germs and even the number of virus particles is reduced. The major drawback of this technique in the past was the cost of the membranes, or their frequency of replacement and the relative inadequacy of the membranes with respect to fouling problems. The challenge was the adaptation of the membrane, module and operating technologies to meet water treatment quality and cost objectives. Practical tests and optimization were performed at the local WWTP of Zwentendorf.