They are prescribed medically to treat anemia, breast cancer, osteoporosis and some cases of dwarfism and delayed puberty. Use of steroids should be medically supervised. Recent investigations also point to a powerful psychological action of steroids. Users report surges in self-esteem, energy, and sex drive along with increased appetite and aggression, and a lowered tolerance to pain. In addition, users may feel less able to control their emotions, particularly anger, and generally have a lowered tolerance of frustration and poor performance.
Steroids pose serious risks to both physical and psychological health.
Immediate risks revolve around the steroids' effects as synthetic versions of testosterone. In men, testosterone is converted to estradiol, a female hormone, often leading to enlargement of the breasts, decrease in sperm production, shrinking testicles, baldness and acne. Since steroids depress natural body production of testosterone, ex-users may feel depressed and listless, and may experience decreased sex drive and energy. Steroids may produce psychological dependence in users, since the psychological boost and feelings of power are pleasurable and rewarding. Students at campuses other than University Park should consult with their Campus Health Office, or Human Services Section of the local telephone directory.