The gravelly substratum phase does not have a water table within 6 feet. Permeability is moderate. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to very high. Areas with slopes less than 18 percent are mostly cleared and used as cropland. Corn, wheat, oats, soybeans and mixed hay are the principal crops.
Steeper areas are in woodland or permanent pasture.
Original vegetation is deciduous forest. Oak, maple, beech, hickory, and ash are the dominant species in wooded areas. South central to northeastern Ohio. The series is of moderate extent. Lake County, Ohio, 1925.