An ANN architecture usually includes its topological structure and the transfer function of each node.
Techniques used include speciation and niching, negative correlation, etc.
The issue of global evolution versus individual learning will also be investigated. The most prominent characteristic of co-evolution is that the fitness of an individual depends on fitness of other individuals, which can be from the same population or a different population. This project combines co-evolution and speciation together to improve the generalisation ability of learned strategies. Fitness sharing is used to form different species in a population. Each species is regarded as a module of a larger integrated learning system.