I have an MRI scheduled in a month to see if bubbles are concentrated in my lower back area. I suspect chronic lumbosacral strain or arthritis. The orthopedist is correct in noting that your hip problem could be due to diving since there's the possibility of dysbaric osteonecrosis in divers who have made poorly controlled deep dives. This would show up on an X-ray, and should be relatively easy to diagnose. Bubbles wouldn't show up in diagnostic testing as they don't hang around very long and are absorbed by the body.
Subsequent diving does seem to concentrate new bubbles in or around the areas of previous damage.
The MRI might show damaged areas, but you would surely have had some neurological indication of this. Our computers were one dot in the yellow and our ascents and safety stops were by the book. I experienced no DCS symptoms. After the required surface interval, we made a second dive to 56 feet, even though my son's elbow still hurt. When we returned to the boat, my son's elbow pain had stopped and didn't return.