Index testing and monotonic and cyclic triaxial testing on the sand used in the calibration chamber investigation. Static and vibratory penetration tests in saturated sand samples at different density and stress conditions. Expectation The results of the investigations led to an overall assessment of the effects of vibration and vibration frequency on the penetration resistance of saturated clean sands. The static penetration resistance values measured through the calibration chamber testing fall within the range of values estimated from existing empirical techniques and agree well with approximations generated through cavity expansion theory. The pore water pressure measured in the soil mass laterally and vertically away from the cone penetrometer was significantly different than that measured at the cone itself.
Vibration can influence the penetration resistance value.
The penetration tests indicate that the effects of the vibration on the penetration resistance decrease substantially as the density and the mean effective stress in the soil increases. Trendlines were generated to relate the reduction in penetration resistance to the vertical effective stress in the loose and medium dense soils. An approximation of the first fundamental frequency of the soil deposit averaged 32 Hz for the two soil densities. The largest reduction in penetration resistance occurred at frequencies near this value, suggesting possible resonance between the input motion and the soil.