On a broad level, science is a methodology for attaining knowledge, where knowledge is a form of belief distinct from mere opinion or uninformed guesswork.
Science seeks out better ways of representing our experiences.
The logical relation between the two is often quite subtle and spelling out precisely how their development does and ought to proceed is a matter of considerable controversy among philosophers, historians, logicians and scientists. This controversy, particularly over the last century, has led to two general views of the nature of science and scientific development. The first, slightly older view, emphasizes the logical and empirical aspects of scientific explanation and progress. The second holds that a strictly logical approach fails to account for many historical and cultural factors. These two views are by no means necessarily incompatible, although many current theorists assume it to be so by default.