A small percentage of children may have partial scarring involving some of their filters, while others may have a significant increase in the number of cells in the filters. A kidney biopsy is sometimes necessary to differentiate the particular type of nephrotic syndrome and this assists in the type of treatment to be given and advice on the long-term outlook. If a minimal change lesion is suspected then renal biopsy is usually not necessary. A renal biopsy is a procedure where a small needle is inserted into the kidney from the back and a tissue sample is taken. This procedure has little risk and is usually performed using ultrasound to locate the kidney.
Sedation is given to younger children.
As the child is losing excessive protein in the urine, a good diet is necessary. A normal or high protein diet is encouraged. Mild reduction of fluid intake will assist in preventing excess swelling of the tissues. Salt reduction should be encouraged by not adding salt to the food. Most children can continue with normal activities.