They now know many ways to spell different vowel sounds. Second graders learn to add suffixes and prefixes to words. Second graders learn that they can change a word by adding a suffix or prefix. The word sing can become singer by adding the suffix -er. Happy can become unhappy by adding the prefix -un.
Second graders do a lot of their own editing.
They will also go back and add more details after their first draft. Second graders learn that there are more things to write than stories. Second graders learn that people write creatively with songs, poetry and stories. They learn that writing can be used to inform, like articles in newspapers, textbooks, or nonfiction books. They also learn that writing can help them with tasks if they create a shopping list or write a letter, for example.