Programs and projects build strong bureaucracies 12 ways or, to summarize, projects beget more projects beget more projects. By way of serving elites, both projects offer peculiar tax benefits to the rich. Housing features the much-abused Federal Low Income Housing Tax Credits which are syndicated out of Washington and brokered to cities able to concoct schemes utilizing them. The credits are the last of the pure tax dodges. They are generally not available to common investors but reserved for wealthy folk who finance housing projects they would never allow in their own neighborhoods in a billion years.
Stadiums feature gigantic bond offerings for brokerage houses and the investor class.
In Minneapolis, the city's chartered development agency has long been run by the bond houses which often supply its executive directors. Other directors and finance officers have close relatives in the bond houses who profit directly from deals concocted by the development agency. The exact nature and amount of benefits to the wealthy are not available to the public. Regarding housing projects, bonds are often privately issued and tax credits not traceable. Regarding stadiums, details of the owners' financial arrangements are rarely, if ever, known.