This same enzyme is to be used to create sticky ends on each of the ends of the three DNA pieces. The cut plasmids and the Haemoglobin DNA can be mixed together with the ligase enzyme, which causes the sticky ends to rejoin. When the bacterium contacts the tobacco plant cells, a segment of this plasmid T DNA is transferred from the Ti plasmid to the plant cell nucleus. It causes crown gall disease, characterised by tumors. Protein synthesis will occur in the plants' chloroplasts.
Tobacco plants produce their own heme molecules, which bind the chains.
A human, who has lost blood, can have their blood increased by an injection of rHb. Thus the levels of haemoglobin is increased to safer, healthier levels. The haemoglobin won't affect the genetic make-up of the human's gametes in any way. Scientists of the University of Luna, Sweden, have produced fast growing tobacco plants. This is done by there being haemoglobin molecules in the plants.