The link between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was established almost 50 years ago by Sir Richard Doll, who is currently an honorary member of Imperial Cancer Research Fund's Unit in Oxford. These carcinogens are then filtered out of the blood by the kidneys, and concentrated in the urine where they cause damage to the lining of the bladder. This increases a smoker's chance of developing bladder cancer.
Smokers are two to three times more likely to develop bladder cancer than non-smokers.
Kidney cancer Smoking doubles the risk of developing kidney cancer. Cervical cancer Researchers have consistently found an association between cervical cancer and smoking. HPV is linked with the development of cervical cancer. Another possibility is that the harmful substances present in tobacco damage the DNA of cells in the cervix and this may contribute to the development of cervical cancer. Oral cancers Smokers are six times more likely to develop oral cancers than non-smokers.