In other words, there was a perceived lack of commitment from some reservists which significantly contributed to inefficient training, particularly in the Militia. In some units, attrition was so severe that recruit training had to be conducted repeatedly, with the result that there was little or no time for more advanced training. We have observed elsewhere that there are many factors affecting attrition, including lack of equipment and pay system problems. However, it is clear to us that the absence of a well-understood obligation to serve and an effective enforcement mechanism are also contributing factors. To understand the attrition problem, it is important to summarize briefly the nature of the obligations of a primary reservist.
Service can be consensual or obligatory.
Thus, with his or her consent, a member of the Primary Reserve may be employed with another subcomponent of the Reserve Force or with the Regular Force. For example, reservists serving in the former Yugoslavia are on active service, but on a voluntary or consensual basis. In such event, a provincial Attorney General must formally requisition the aid of the reserve in writing to the Chief of Defence Staff or his designate. As stated earlier, it is principally the obligations with respect to training that cause difficulty. We have been told, however, that these powers have rarely, if ever, been used, as they are seen as too drastic and impractical.