12 month time limit, after date of loss, if you elect to file a suit. 60 day time limit, before date of loss, for certain coverage pertaining to vacant or unoccupied buildings. If, for example the problem involves a building structure, shop for a low replacement cost estimate much the same as insurance companies shop for repair estimates. You may locate a licensed building contractor who will establish that your insurance was adequate when compared to the contractor's estimate. Replacement estimates are not to be confused with repair estimates.
Salvage is that which is saved.
By claiming only the portion of your loss that remains after deducting salvage value, you maintain ownership of that item and the salvage remains your property. Salvage bids establish salvage value. Save all remains of property until you have received your settlement. The burden of proof is on the policyholder. Anything to help prove your loss is valuable.