Alfalfa needs B and additional P compared to hybrid bermudagrasses while the need for K is similar. The harvest method to be used is important. Grazing will be the least expensive alternative. Potential for hay production is determined by humidity levels and length of rain-free periods. Harvesting alfalfa for silage or greenchop and bale silage production are alternative harvest methods.
Site selection is critical to successful production of alfalfa.
Characteristics of a good site for alfalfa include adequate soil drainage, low subsoil acidity, high fertility, and good soil aeration. The importance of good soil drainage and aeration cannot be overemphasized. Alfalfa cannot tolerate wet soil conditions for extended periods, particularly near the surface. However, we have successfully grown alfalfa on a Thenas fine sandy loam that had a perched water table at 20 inches below the surface in the spring. Knowledge of the type of soil available on the farm or ranch is important for successful alfalfa production on acid soils.