Usually the entire meteoroid is vaporized along with a tiny bit of the spacecraft. These clouds start out small, but they can quickly spread a few meters across the surface of the spacecraft. The satellite went into the wrong automated sequencing and, for a while, they lost control of the spacecraft. It took all the remaining propellant to regain control, and that was the end of that mission. Solar sails and sun shields for orbiting telescopes are also vulnerable to space dust.
Solar sails have lots of surface area so they make big targets.
In the inner solar system, where the meteoroid population is greatest, sails will lose one or two percent of their total area to meteoroid strikes every ten years. Otherwise meteoroids could pose a big problem for such spacecraft. Keeping track of space dust, which is spread throughout the inner solar system, is a big job. The radar in Huntsville can only detect meteoroids that crash into Earth's atmosphere above the southeastern United States. As our planet plows through the dusty background, scientists could use such a network to sample the meteoroid population all around Earth's orbit.