The reaction ranges from strongly to very strongly acid, unless limed. Chert fragments ranges from about 5 to 45 percent in individual layers, but the weighted average of the control section ranges from 15 to 35 percent. Chert fragments range from 2 mm to 10 inches in size. Some pedons have few to common black or dark brown concretions, coatings, or stains. The Ap horizon has hues of 2.5Y through 7.5YR, values of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4.
Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam and gravelly or cobbly modifiers.
In forested areas, the A horizon is 1 to 5 thick and has hues of 2.5Y through 7.5YR, values of 2 to 4, and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is gravelly or cobbly silt loam and gravelly, cobbly, very gravelly or very cobbly modifiers. The E horizon, where present, is 3 to 12 inches thick and has hues of2.5Y through 7.5YR, values of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is silt loam and gravelly, cobbly, very gravelly or very cobbly modifiers. The BA or BE horizon, where present, has colors and textures like the Bt1 horizon.