Stranger things have happened. How you access your US account while overseas depends on the services available in your country. With the American Express card, you may go to any AmEx office, write a personal check drawn on your US bank, and they will cash it for you in local currency. Credit Unions don't charge an ATM fee. You can also send a large check to your credit card company ahead of time, and use the card to draw against that balance.
Travelers checks are the most widely accepted, although cumbersome for very long trips.
It will smooth your entry with airport fees, taxis, and a few meals while you get oriented. In addition, you might inquire at local universities, check newsletters that serve the academic community, and try the internet. There are web sites that carry free classifieds for housing in some countries. Some must be given weeks before travel. Be sure to factor immunizations into your travel budget.