Studies carried out in the Piedmont region of northern Italy since the 1980s have demonstrated that, among such patients, it is the younger ones who are most exposed to the risk of neoplasia. It has also been found that the majority of hemodialysed patients that present with neoplasms can correlate to basic disorders such as polycystic kidney and interstitial nephropathies. On the other hand, the neoplasms described in the various case-reports are somewhat manifold. Periodic, accurate ultrasound assessments are therefore indicated for such patients. The clinical worth of such markers is limited at the follow-up checks, when the serum changes indicate a greater or lesser response to treatment.
Survival varies according to the case reports.
The early diagnosis principle is thus neglected. In 1984 Mickrisch affirmed that the differentiation between the benign and malignant forms is very much a gray area, and that the latter would often be recognized because of the presence of metastasis. Frequent ultrasound monitoring of these cysts therefore remains essential, especially for those having a diameter greater than 3 cm. This is because a depressive effect is established on the lymphocytic systems and on the activities of the interleukins and their receptors. The onset of neoplasia differs, depending on the immuno-suppressive treatment employed.