Diabetes, AIDS, and other disorders of the immune system also predispose the patient to sinusitis, with fungal infections being a particular risk. Pregnancy and hypothyroidism are sometimes associated with congestion and symptoms of sinusitis, although the condition clears up after delivery or treatment, respectively. Hospitalized patients with head injuries, conditions requiring insertion of tubes through the nose, and those taking antibiotics or steroids are also at risk for sinus infection. Reduced Antioxidant Defense Antioxidants are important agents in opposing oxygen-free radicals, natural particles produced by the body's chemical processes that are harmful in high amounts. People who experience changes in atmospheric pressure, such as while flying, climbing to high altitudes, or swimming, risk sinus blockage and therefore an increased chance of developing sinusitis.
Swimming increases the risk for sinusitis for other reasons, as well.
Air pollution and smoking damage the cilia responsible for moving mucus through the sinuses, leading to increased risk. People whose breathing is aided by mechanical ventilators may have a significantly higher risk for maxillary sinusitis. In fact, treating sinusitis in such patients may significantly reduce the risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia. All rights reserved.