Surface runoff is slow to medium. Permeability is moderate in the solum and rapid or very rapid in the substratum. The soil has a seasonal high water table. Much of the acreage is used for cultivated crops, hay or pasture. Common crops are silage corn, vegetables, tobacco and nursery stock.
Some areas are idle, wooded or used for community development.
Common trees are red, white and black oak, red maple, white ash, gray birch, white pine and hemlock. The series is of moderate extent. This revision reflects change in soil taxonomy and general updating. Cation exchange activity class placement determined from a review of limited lab data and similar or associated soils. Aquic subgroup - redoximorphic depletions of chroma 2 or less occur at a depth of 18 inches.