Paradoxically, therefore, the beekeeper becomes a component of stress on a colony. Weather is perhaps the greatest potential source of colony stress. Inclement conditions slow down or stop altogether flow of nectar and pollen into a colony. The bees' solution is to stop brood rearing, reducing energy investment and colony growth. Good management provides food during this stress period.
Water supply is critical.
Nurse bees require water to produce jelly and dilute honey. Combs might also melt in extremely hot weather in spite of efforts by fanning adults, if water is not available. In cold weather, moisture must be ventilated or it can cause stress on the cluster which is attempting to keep the brood warm. Temperature fluctuation also causes stress. Chilled brood is an excellent example of stress on a colony.