Radioactive substances can give off or emit different types of energy or radiation. These include alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays, which are produced in the atom's nucleus.
Some radioactive substances emit one or more types of radiation.
The effects of high-level exposures can include burns, acute radiation sickness, and death. High-level exposures usually occur in occupational or medical settings or during accidents or war. The long-term health risks include cancer, birth defects, infertility, and genetic abnormalities. Because each type of radiation has different physical properties, the risks and potential effects on health of each are different. Alpha Particles Alpha particles are positively charged and made up of two protons and two neutrons.