In 1990, all States and the District of Columbia had such requirements. Licensing laws vary by State, but generally require a doctorate in psychology and 2 years of professional experience. In addition, most States require that applicants pass an examination. Most State boards administer a standardized test. Some States Certify those with master's level training as psychological assistants or associates.
Some States require continuing education for relicensure.
Most States require that licensed or certified psychologists limit their practice to those areas in which they have developed professional competence through training and experience. The American Board of Professional Psychology recognizes professional achievement by awarding diplomas primarily in clinical, counseling, forensic, industrial and organizational, and school psychology. People pursuing a career in psychology must be emotionally stable, mature, and able to deal effectively with people. Sensitivity, compassion, and the ability to lead and inspire others are particularly important for clinical work and counseling. Research psychologists should be able to do detailed work independently and as part of a team.