Regular eye exams are extremely important. If you are between the ages of 30 and 50 and have no previous eye problems, the American Academy of Ophthalmology suggest seeing an ophthalmologist every three years. See a number of spots, floaters, or shower of sparks in the corners of your eyes. Eye pain that won't go away. Accidental contract with chemicals, especially lye.
Sunglasses can help decrease the risk of cataracts.
Also, wearing a hat with a visor can help block direct sunlight. Cigarette smoking might cause cataracts. Try some see-food. The links between diet and vision are still weak. But there's growing evidence that a substance called lutathione may help control spread of macular degeneration.