Carbohydrates are compounds made of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. In food, there are two types of carbohydrates.
Simple carbohydrates are monosaccharides and disaccharides, which are usually sweet.
All carbohydrates are broken down to monosaccharides so the intestines can absorb them. The three monosaccharides are glucose, fructose and galactose. Fructose comes from fruit and honey, and raises blood sugar more slowly than glucose. There is less of an immediate insulin response. Galactose comes from milk.