A slender light, sold for AI purposes is necessary to put inside the speculum to check mucus flow as well as aid in inserting the AI gun into the cervix. Some homemade lights have been adapted from egg candling devices but make sure the lighting device you choose does not offer any heat at all. This has a needle attachment on the end which is approximately the length of most caprine cervixes. The needle is slightly flexible to allow easier penetration. The older goat gun is simply a smaller version of the gun used to inseminate cattle.
Some people learn by using the cattle gun, and find it easier to use.
Both are rigid metal guns with plastic sheaths covering the length of the gun. AI lubricant is necessary to help ease the speculum inside the doe, and a number of brands are on the market for this purpose. Cattle AI technicians generally will dilute the lubricant to about 2 parts water to 2 part lubricant in a clean squirt bottle. In goat insemination, the amount and frequency used makes this an unnecessary step. The kind of lubricant used may act as an agent in clouding the mucus discharge, giving the technician a false reading, if unaware of this.