The techniques in the following list can be used for examination of internal circuitry of small electronic devices. Click on the titles of any technique for further information. Examining pinch welds of small-bore tubing. Determining depth of penetration of weld on thin stainless steel bellows.
Samples are limited to small objects or small volumes of larger objects.
Penetration is limited to about 5 cm of steel or equivalent. Cross-sectional area covered at one time is usually no more than 2 or 3 cm, but larger objects could be scanned.