After completion of all requirements, M.A. candidates may take a comprehensive examination OR write and defend a thesis. If this requirement has not been met, a course to fulfill the requirement may be added to the Program of Study as a co-requisite. It should be noted that a course taken to satisfy this requirement may not be counted toward the degree. Languages French or German AND French, German, or another language clearly related to the dissertation research. Foreign students may apply English if it is essential to the research.
Some specializations require additional languages.
Ph.D. requirements must be satisfied by departmental examination or special non-credit course. These credits do not apply to the minimum course requirements. The course concludes with a Divisional Comprehensive Examination based on the course and a reading list. A student must pass the course as well as the examination in order to continue in the program. A minimum of 32 credit hours.