Barrier contraceptives are devices that provide a mechanical barrier between the sperm and the egg. Examples of barrier contraceptives include the male or female condom, and the diaphragm. They are typically used with a spermicide to increase protection against pregnancy. Spermicides Spermicides are sperm-killing substances available as foams, creams, or gels, and are designed for insertion deep into the vagina before intercourse. The active ingredient is nonoxynol-9, which attacks the surface of the sperm cell.
Spermicides are usually available without a prescription or medical examination.
Suppositories and film have the advantage of being sold in small packages that can easily be carried in a pocket or purse. Used with the diaphragm, cervical cap, or male condom. The timing of insertion varies from product to product, but most spermicides are placed in the vagina no more than an hour before intercourse. Spermicides must remain in the vagina for several hours after intercourse, during which time a woman must refrain from douching or rinsing her vagina. If a woman has intercourse again more than an hour after using a spermicide, she must insert a fresh quantity.