In this activity, students face this challenge and explore possible substitutes for soap and water when cleaning cold surfaces. Science and Technology Standards Abilities of Technological Design Students identify appropriate problems for technological design, identifying the need for a solution which is effective for cleaning frozen surfaces. Students evaluate several completed technological products, testing five solutions to determine if they freeze when applied to a very cold surface.
Students describe results from the product evaluation stage of the technological design process.
Scientific Inquiry Students use evidence from the investigation to explain why some of the solutions did not freeze and to suggest other examples of freezing point depression. The physical properties of compounds reflect the nature of interactions among molecules. This phenomenon is known as the collegative properties of solutions. History and Nature of Science Standards Science as a Human Endeavor, Grades 9-12 Scientists are influenced by societal, cultural, and personal beliefs and ways of viewing the world. Cultural preferences determine what products scientists develop and the characteristics of the products.