Incidence of child labour under this criterion does not vary with respect to increasing family size, and the size of household's landholdings. The corresponding figures for male and female children are 4.3 and 4.6 per cent respectively. If child labour is considered as participating in paid activities irrespective of current school attendance, types and duration of work, it constitutes 4.5 per cent in the country, 4.3 per cent for male children and 4.6 for female children. Incidence of child labour increases with increasing age of the children with respect to this criterion too. Rural areas show about 2 times higher incidence of child labour especially of female child labour.
Urban areas show lower female child labour.
Thus, a higher incidence of female child labour under this criterion is mainly due to higher incidence of female child labour in rural children. It is because higher proportion of female children in rural areas does not attend school, and, as compared to the male children, a larger number of female children in rural areas might have been working as agricultural labour. Mountain zone shows highest incidence of child labour under this criterion. Under this criterion, incidence of child labour in mountain is 6.3 per cent, 4.4 per cent in the hill and 4.3 per cent in the Tarai. Mountain and Tarai zones also show a higher incidence of child labour among female children than males children.