Layered structures made of metals such as aluminum or stainless steel, which could be used for the outer skin of space vehicles, are used as targets. Launchers specifically designed for the purpose propel projectiles of various materials down a ballistic range at velocities up to 22,000 miles per hour. Since 1961, the VKF facility has been engaged in high-velocity impact studies. The Center now has the capability to launch projectiles weighing up to 17 pounds at around 9,000 mph. There are plans to use the facility for environmental testing of flight hardware and vehicles such as radome materials, fin drives and thermal protection systems.
Solar radiation is simulated by an array of powerful lamps in the top of the chamber.
The separation of Payload shrouds for Titan III and IV launch vehicles and a hatch for Space Station Freedom have also been tested.