In most cases this process started around the turn of the century, when evolutionist theories on stages of 'development' started to gain ground. The pro-independence demonstrations in Tahiti during the French nuclear testing in the Pacific in 1995 constituted an example in this respect. R.J. Horvath, 'A Definition of Colonialism', in Current Anthropology, vol.13, no 1, February 1972, p.47. 18 See R. Strausz-Hupe and H. W. Hazard, eds. This geographic definition represent the so-called 'salt water orthodoxy'.
Some writers use the term 'blue water colonies' instead of 'salt water colonies'.
This conclusion is supported by the fact that the view which article 22 expresses on the destiny of South West Africa has proved to be untenable. The fact that Namibia, in spite of its contiguity to its Administrating State South Africa, has never been considered part of South Africa and has even been referred to as a colony of South Africa provides strong evidence to the irrelevance of the 'salt water' doctrine under international law. The legal successor to article 22 of the Covnant is article 77, UN Charter. These ethnic and cultural factors are enumerated under consideration no 4 of the Annex of resolution 567. This term is used in Chapter 11 of the UN Charter and refers to a certain category of colonies, which were only gradually recognized as posessing the right to decolonization.