Although free radicals are naturally produced, their formation can be greatly influenced by a number of factors. Infection, disease and lifestyle factors such as smoking, exposure to radiation and environmental pollution can increase free radical production. Within the body there are many types of lipids, or fat molecules. One type is responsible for maintaining the structural integrity of the cell membrane. Free radicals also cause damage to proteins and genes.
Some proteins serve as important enzymes that regulate metabolic reactions.
DNA is the genetic material responsible for heredity. Oxidative damage to DNA over time can cause changes to both the structure and function of chromosomes. Science has found that antioxidants can help. Antioxidants are important molecules that act as free radical scavengers. Our body naturally has a very elaborate network of antioxidants that help to protect us.