Expectancy theory is the next theory that I will discuss. There are five major parts to this theory. The First is job outcomes. These are what an organization provides for its employees. Valence is the next part.
Valence is how the employee feels about anticipated outcomes.
Instrumentality is the next factor and it's the perceived degree of the relationship between performance and outcome attainment. Next is expectancy. This is the perceived relationship between effort and performance. Finally, there is force. Next I will talk about some current trends on the topic of motivation.