When the blood contains too much cholesterol, the risk of heart and blood-vessel disease increases. Increased levels of LDL are associated with plaque deposits on artery walls that narrow them and restrict blood flow. Disorders such as hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, nephrotic syndrome, obstructive liver disease. People with family members who have had a stroke or heart attack before age 50. Laboratory test to measure blood cholesterol levels.
Smoking increases the risk.
When these are insufficient, medications may be prescribed. The diet changes and life-style modifications do not mean you have to give up all the good things you enjoy. Moderation is important. Consult your doctor about recommendations for a cessation program. Diet restrictions need to be continued, even if you are taking these medications.