The severity of symptoms certainly suggest fall infection. As Phil stated, wheat and barley fields should be monitored now for aphids, with older wheat to be monitored more closely, as it will be more likely to attract winged aphids. Winged aphids arriving in southerly winds will most likely be carrying BYDV , as infection levels in southern plains states are severe. We will be monitoring closely for aphids in our disease and insect surveys. This rust of wheat usually is rare in the southern plains, because it requires very cool, humid conditions, and southern states such as Kansas are usually too hot and dry for it.
Stripe rust is a common disease of wheat and barley in the Pacific northwest.
Stripe rust is distinguished by yellowish orange pustules arranged in a long, narrow, stripe on the leaves. I don't expect stripe rust to be a problem in ND, but it may be observed, considering its wide spread occurrence further south. Trace amounts of stripe rust were found in winter wheat breeding plots at Brookings, SD in mid-May. All scouts are starting their field survey efforts in earnest this week. Scattered rain showers may have saturated soils in some locations across the state.