Temperature is the measure of heat in the air in a given place.
The earth is heated from the sun's energy, also referred to as solar energy. This solar energy not only affects how hot or cold the air is, but is a major factor in the water cycle and in the formation of winds. The latitude of a particular place isthe major factor in determining what sort of temperature that place tends to have. Other factors include the season of the year, altitude, topography, ocean currents, and in our modern age, industrial output. Temperature is measured with thermometers.