Either way, you must consult experience, and either way your experience may be wrong. There is no certainty outside closed systems like mathematics. Accordingly, Toulmin-style arguments leave lots of room for probably, perhaps, I guess, and other qualifiers. Toulmin s model works as well for inductive as for deductive arguments. This proves, says the article, that women are safer from abuse in stable marriages.
Women are safer from abuse in stable marriages.
The Times statistics. Those statistics justify that claim. Students armed with Toulmin can examine their own beliefs systematically without getting unduly involved with its form. Each belief is a claim they value. Each is based or not based on evidence.