Treatment consists of stretching exercises and possibly fitted shoes. Occasionally operation may be needed to tendons and connective tissue while fusion of the bones may be needed later. Untreated the feet become painful and limit walking. The baby is usually born with this condition. Can be associated with conditions that cause weak muscles.
Surgery can relieve the condition if it causes pain.
Young girls may present with the big toe pointing toward the little toe and a lump at the base of the toe. Surgery is reserved for adults with this problem as surgery is less successful in children. Similar deformities can be caused by fractures of the bone and fusion during healing. To prevent this happening early reduction of a fracture or a dislocation is needed. Once the growth plate is affected deformity is progressive and may become severe.