A flaccid, folded bladder is observed in radiographs, and the defect may be visible with contrast imaging. Ultrasonography is rapid, non-invasive, and allows defect location. Free abdominal fluid may be observed by ultrasound, and the collapsed, flaccid bladder is again visible. The immediate concern is to correct the electrolyte imbalances, particularly the hyperkalemia which can lead to life-threatening arrythmias. Intravenous NaCl is often enough to correct imbalances, with or without dextrose.
Sodium bicarbonate is given to correct acidosis.
Abdominal drainage may also be undertaken during treatment. Surgery is not indicated until the foal is stable. The foal must be metabolically stable before surgery to avoid anaesthetic complications. The placement of a urinary catheter is controversial among practitioners and may or may not be done. Laparoscopic surgery is an alternative to conventional surgical treatment.