One technology memory that I have is the first time I held a smart card in my hand. Based on more than 250 patents, processes have been developed to insert a silicon chip or microprocessor into a plastic card body. The inserted component is held in place and protected by epoxy resin. Finally, generally external contacts or antenna are built into the card and attached to the inserted silicon. Microprocessor cards may have more discrete functions.
Smart cards are able to interact with other hardware in two ways.
Contact cards require physical contact with a reader using contact points. Smart cards, properly implemented, are secure. Encrypted cards each have their own set of keys. Breaking one card is still not effective against all in a set because the mother key is not saved on the card. Still, smart cards are technology enablers, not entire solutions.