They allow the information about proteins that is coded in triplets to become protein. This semester we will study the science of genetics. However, information is not immediately useful. Therefore, often we study genetic processes indirectly. We construct models that explain the results , and hope that the models approximate the multitudes of biochemical, physiological, developmental, and environmental process that actually produce the results.
Science constructs models to represent an approximation of the actual processes.
The actual processes are too complicated to understand fully, so the models are only as good as we can make them, or as good as we need their approximation to be for some purpose. That is the subject of current and future research. We don't have the relevant observations that document the way processes operate. However, we can logically supply a sketch of likely processes that will fill the gaps in our knowledge.