Response to problems in ship design have always been dependent on catastrophes. Tanker design, inert gas, tank arrangements, and many other features were the result of major accidents such as those mentioned at the opening. The spate of recent dry cargo vessel losses has caused the development of significant new structural standards for bulkers. On the operational side, Class periodically inspects vessels to assure that they continue to meet requirements. Obvious deficiencies can cause delays for re-certification.
Unidentified deficiencies can cause significant failure and accidents.
Class plays a major role in assuring the ongoing quality of vessels trading into our ports. Moving to the next link, many terminals, at least in the United States, are privately owned. Some date back years to early oil company operations. Intertanko in its recent port and terminal safety assessment, has indicated a need to substantially improve some terminals. Shipowners are reluctant to criticize terminals for fear of antagonizing charterers.