Less frequent have been full partnerships, formed between a private operator and the municipal company. Demand pressure was evident on several routes but funds were not available to replace the fleet. MTC Olsztyn therefore entered into a joint venture with a foreign entrepreneur, to supply vehicles and services initially on 2 routes, from which municipal buses would be withdrawn. The foreign partner has supplied management and the initial fleet of 15 mid-size buses, to be increased to 45 within a year. Services are seat-only, with fares more than twice those on MTC Olsztyn's ordinary services.
Service agreements have so far come in three variants.
It also decides fares, sells tickets, and inspects passenger compliance. The operator is concerned with meeting the agreed service schedule, the required quality of service, and maintaining the plant in good condition. The only risk the operator takes is that of direct operating costs, inclusive of vehicle maintenance, repairs and overhaul. The remuneration of operators is proportional to vehicle-km of service actually performed, subject to an agreed annual total. Less frequently, the operator uses its own rolling stock and maintenance facilities.