Studies typically involve the use of simple semi-experimental techniques using limited measures of effectiveness. This approach is particularly useful for small scale studies where health care professionals wish to carry out relatively fast, low cost evaluation of treatments for self evaluation purposes. The small scale of studies and the semi-experimental nature of the research methods used cannot provide conclusive objective evidence of effectiveness of treatments. These studies compare different interventions used in similar conditions. E.g. Comparison of the use of tranquillisers to control anxiety attacks against use of a relaxation training programme.
Studies normally involve comparison of two or more groups.
Studies typically incorporate semi-experimental techniques and provide useful information on general effectiveness of services and economic efficiency. These studies are likely to be more expensive than before and after studies and control of all variables remains problematic in the clinical environment. Randomised Control studies are similar to Comparative-Experimentalist studies but the study sets out to compare a 'treatment group' with a 'control group'. These studies are intended to provide conclusive economic and experimental evaluation of treatments. The use of controlled experimental techniques and measures gives more reliable and valid information and has high credibility with clinicians.