Keeping track of the number of CD4 cells, or T cells, is one way to tell whether your immune system is staying strong. A second way to monitor HIV is to measure the amount of virus in your blood. This is your viral load. By seeing whether the amount of virus and CD4 cell count are rising, falling, or staying the same, your healthcare provider can tell whether your medications are working. If not, he or she may be able to try a new treatment strategy.
Viral load is the amount of virus in the blood.
Viral load is important because it tells you whether HIV disease is stable or getting worse. For example, people with a high viral load may begin to have symptoms of HIV infection or AIDS and get sick more often. Those who have a low viral load usually feel better, have more energy, and are less likely to become seriously ill. The goal of therapy is maximum viral suppression. This protects the immune system and helps you fight off resistant viral strains.