Sheth and Mahajan concur. At the present juncture, due to the success of the homogenization process, the national ethos in many western democracies has come to be the culture of the majority. Rights can be distributed to individuals or to groups. Individual rights may be classified as human or civil. Human rights are considered natural, and are difficult to protect.
States are the protectors of civil rights.
Civil rights are given to citizens only, to what Baumann describes as a deal. Since the state has the power to decide who receives citizenship, it also decides who receives civil rights. Group or community rights are supposed to provide balance when minorities civil rights are withheld. Community rights may benefit non-citizens, who do not have the benefit of civil rights. Affirmative action is an example of community rights.