If something goes wrong, there is time to correct the problem without catastrophic consequence. Processes do not flow in rigid sequence. Field expedient solutions to problems and substitute equipment are readily accommodated. Tightly coupled systems are highly centralized and rigid. Output is closely monitored within specified tolerances.
Subsystems are interdependent.
Change causes massive ramifications throughout the system. Tightly controlled time schedules with little slack are sensitive to delays. Production sequences must be strictly followed. Substitutions are not easily accomplished and equipment breakdowns can bring the entire system to a halt. Safety features must be designed into the system because human intervention is not easily accommodated.