To accomplish these tasks, they may take X-rays, place protective plastic sealants on children's teeth, fill cavities, straighten teeth, repair fractured teeth, and treat gum disease. Dentists remove teeth only when necessary and may provide dentures to replace missing teeth. They also perform corrective surgery of the gums and supporting bones. In addition, prosthodontics , the construction of artificial teeth or dentures, and public health dentistry , involving the prevention and control of dental disease, are also specialty areas. Most dentists have their own private practice.
Some dentists do research, teach, or hold positions in dental schools.
Others work in hospitals and clinics. During the first year of two of practice, dentists often earn little more than the minimum needed to cover expenses, but their earnings usually rise rapidly as their practice develops. Specialists generally earn considerably more than general practitioners. Four out of five of the students entering dental schools have either a bachelor's or master's degree. Dental school generally lasts three to five years.