A detailed analysis of the extent of storm surge inundation of the south shore of Long Island follows in the next section. Wind Damage - the force of wind can quickly decimate the tree population, down power lines and utility poles, knock over signs, and may be strong enough to destroy some homes and buildings. Flying debris can also cause damage, and in cases where people are caught outdoors, injuries and death. When hurricanes first make landfall, it is common for tornadoes to form which can cause severe localized wind damage. In most cases, however, wind is a secondary cause of damage.
Storm surge is normally the primary cause.
Whereas the storm surge and high winds are concentrated near the eye, the rain may extend for hundreds of miles and may last for several days, affecting areas well after the hurricane has diminished. Home LI Storm Surge Scott A. Mandia, Assoc.