Decision Making starts with a Problem that has Alternative courses of action. Thus we need data to test the theories. Presents a consistent, stable reflection of the underlying construct. Standardization - everyone who measures the construct uses the same instrument in the same way.
Standardization improves objectivity because everyone uses the same procedures.
It also improves communication and comparison. You can compare data to other organizations, other time periods, etc. Model Development for a scenario 1. Description of the outcomes that are possible, 2. Relevant variables 3.