Abnormalities can be detected in this manner, and surgical procedures can be performed. You would commonly have cystoscopy for the evaluation of blood in the urine . Simple procedures can be performed in the doctor's office with only a local anesthetic. Most procedures, however, are performed in a hospital operating room as an outpatient. A variety of different anesthetics can be used to make the procedure as comfortable as possible.
Serious complications are rare.
As with any surgery, there is the risk of infection, bleeding, and complications from the anesthesia. In all but the simplest procedures, antibiotics are used before the surgery to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infection. Bleeding is generally controlled during the procedure with the use of cautery. A complication unique to cystoscopy is the risk of perforation or a tear. A perforation can occur anywhere along the urinary tract the urethra, bladder, or ureter.