Conservative, egalitarian, and mixed formulas abound. The applied science of apportionment, that is, is generally misunderstood and erroneously applied. This famous history of American ideas of political representation and their predecessors was first written as a doctoral dissertation in 1947, then published by Alfred Knopf in 1950, and chosen later on as one of the few political science books in the new White House Library. It ranks as the top treatise on the subject, which, though central to all forms of government, private and public, has been in general narrowly and legalistically treated. All invention is fundamentally social, for it involves a human purpose, function, and communication system.
Social invention is new applied social science.
It is most needed, and most likely to flourish, in the fields of communication science and the reform of political institutions. Communism, traditionalism, and authoritarianism are enemies of behavioral science, but more than that, of creativity, the generative factor in invention. They were gathered together in 1970 and used in the teaching of his courses in social invention, political psychology, and political and cultural behavior. The articles are in some cases finished and polished, in other cases inspired notes. With the advent of computer word processing came the possibility of publishing them on a floppy disk, then on a CD-Rom.