Consumers with severe diarrhea may require more. The usual dose for phosphate is 30 to 40 mEq per day. Some investigators have suggested 15 mEq for every 1000 kcal of dextrose. The usual dose of magnesium is 15 mEq per day. Blood levels should be maintained in the normal range.
Vitamin D is also involved in bone metabolism.
A multiple vitamin additive will provide 200 IU per day and this should be enough. HPN solutions need an adequate amount of acetate to maintain normal acid-base balance. Without it, acidosis can develop and lead to an increase in the loss of calcium in the urine. Conditions which often require extra acetate are severe diarrhea and renal disease. To monitor acid-base balance, serum bicarbonate is measured in the blood on a standard chemistry panel.