Tonsils are the two masses on the back of the throat. Tonsils and adenoids are near the entrance to the breathing passages where they can catch incoming germs, which cause infections. Scientists believe they work as part of the body's immune system by filtering germs that attempt to invade the body, and that they help to develop antibodies to germs. This happens primarily during the first few years of life, becoming less important as we get older. Children who must have their tonsils and adenoids removed suffer no loss in their resistance.
Tumors are rare, but can grow on the tonsils.
You should see your doctor when you or your child suffer the common symptoms of infected or enlarged tonsils or adenoids. Your physician will ask about problems of the ear, nose, and throat and examine the head and neck. He or she will use a small mirror or a flexible lighted instrument to see these areas. X-rays are sometimes helpful in determining the size and shape of the adenoids. Blood tests can determine problems such as mononucleosis.