The exact cause is unknown but it appears to be related to the deposition of immune complexes in the basement membrane leading to thickening of the capillary walls. This disorder is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome an is usually how the disease manifests. Risk factors include primary renal disease, malaria , hepatitis B , lupus , syphilis , cancers , and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Risks also include exposure to some medications such as gold compounds and penicillamine. Mercury, trimethadione, and some skin-lightening creams have also been implicated.
Treatment includes systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents.