Mating can be quite violent, with males sometimes horning females. Age at fist calving usually around six and a half years. Under optimal conditions can achieve an interclaving interval of around twenty-seven months. Males may kill young bulls who stray into their territories. When densities reach or exceed carrying capacity, mortalities due to fighting generally increase.
Usual group is a cow and calf or a cow and an older and younger calf.
They tend to recognise animals living in the same area by smell. Bulls are usually solitary but will spend time with a female in oestrus.