Mating occurs in March and a single litter of two to four young is produced annually. The numerous new burrows which appear during the late summer are dug by older chucks. Woodchucks are active during the daylight hours, and their range is 50 to 100 feet from their dens. The den and burrows are extensive and may be used for several years. Burrows may be as deep as five feet and up to 60 feet in length.
Woodchucks seem to prefer to construct burrows on or near farm land where crops grow.
They frequently may be found in woodlands or in abandoned farm lands and occasionally in urban areas where the combination of food and cover provides a satisfactory habitat. Woodchucks are voracious feeders. In the early morning and evening periods of the summer, woodchucks actively feed on succulent, green vegetation. They are storing body fat in preparation for hibernation during late fall, usually near the end of October or early November. Woodchucks feed primarily on vegetables, trees, grasses and legumes.