Anticonvulsants such a phenytoin are used to prevent or treat seizures . Corticosteroids such as dexamethasone are used to reduce brain swelling and inflammation. Sedatives may be needed for irritability or restlessness . If brain function is severely affected, interventions such as physical therapy and speech therapy may be necessary after the acute illness is controlled. The outcome varies.
Some cases are mild, short, and relatively benign with full recovery.
Others are severe, and permanent impairment or death is possible. The acute phase normally lasts for 1 to 2 weeks, with gradual or sudden resolution of fever and neurologic symptoms. Neurologic symptoms may require many months before full recovery. There are many different species of mosquito, some of which carry some of the worlds most common and most economically important infectious diseases. Malaria and yellow fever are two of the most important diseases they carry.