Any time your body retains extra fluid, you will gain weight. A woman may notice water retention in the week leading up to her menstrual period. She may notice puffiness in her hands or ankles, and weight gain. Usually after the menstrual period is over, the excess water is released and her weight returns to normal.
Some women retain more fluid than others do.
Most doctors say that to reduce water retention, women should cut down on salt intake and keep their legs elevated while seated. Ironically, drinking a lot of water can actually help reduce the overall swelling and weight gain. Aside from premenstrual water retention, there are other conditions you should be aware of that can cause water retention. These include heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, thyroid disease, and a condition called preeclampsia that occurs during pregnancy. If you suffer from water retention, talk to your doctor about what is right for you.