Elk evolved as distance runners. Elk can approach 40 mph for short periods and nearly 30 mph for longer periods. They are strong swimmers even calves can swim over a mile. Elk can jump vertically 8 to 10 feet. Calves are born from late May to early June after an 8 and a half month gestation.
Twins are extremely rare.
Calves average nearly 30 lbs. with males averaging 4 lbs. The calf is dark russet colored with white spots on the back and sides. The cow will separate from the herd and seek out dense cover for a nursery. The female will drive off last year's calf only weeks before parturition. Within hours, the newborn calf can move and is led from the birthing spot to a safer place.