Wetlands trap sediments that would otherwise clog waterways and smother aquatic life. Wetland vegetation produces oxygen and recycles nutrients. In some areas of Georgia, wetlands may aid in groundwater recharge. Wetlands benefit fish and wildlife by providing habitat and nourishing the food chain. The spring floods add nutrient- rich materials to wetlands making them extremely productive.
Wetlands also sustain wildlife by providing protection cover and places to nest and forage.
Furbearers and waterfowl are economically important. Wetlands support a large number of threatened and endangered species, such as the wood stork and the bog turtle. Georgia is losing wetlands rapidly despite efforts of many government organizations and private organizations to protect them. Filling of wetlands for resedential and commercial development, dredging and stream channelization, and the construction of dams destroy wetlands. These valuable natural resources can also be damaged by drainage for crop production, timber production and mosquito control.