The triangle is an ambiguous pattern. Breakout could be in either direction. If the pattern breaks out upside, it indicates that the trend is up. Thus a triangle can be either a reversal pattern or a continuation pattern. The currency value of the stock traded or the total currency value of trade in a market for a period of time, usually one day.
Turnover is used in contradistinction to volume of shares.
The direction of a breakout in relation to a geometric pattern or a resistance. A breakout that breaks through a resistance is referred to as a breakout upside. It portends a rally. Patterns that are not valid are said to be dubious or doubtful. A valid pattern has a high probability of reaching target.