In addition, recent research suggests that people with more fat tend to produce more of a hormone called amylin, which has been shown to make osteoblasts grow more quickly and to 'switch off' osteoclasts. Exercise Scientists believe that exercise stimulates osteoblasts to be more active, increasing bone production and reshaping bones so that they have greatest strength where it is needed most. These include jogging, walking, skipping, dancing, tennis, football, netball and other ball sports. Excessive exercise may also be risky, since it may lead to a reduced production of oestrogen with subsequent negative effects on bone formation. Other lifestyle issues Smoking and excessive amounts of alcohol are both thought to contribute to the risk of osteoporosis, possibly by inhibiting the actions of hormones that aid calcium absorption.
Smokers also tend to have a thinner build and reach menopause earlier.
Scientists remain uncertain as to why some people are more susceptible to osteoporosis than others. Australian scientists are involved in research to track down genes that may contribute to the treatment or prevention of the disease. External sites are not endorsed by the Australian Academy of Science. The Australian Foundation for Science and the Science and Technology Awareness Program of the Commonwealth Department of Industry, Science and Resources are also supporters of Nova .