The source of the lag in time between Camp Blanding and the NLDN is unknown at this time. This timing discrepancy caused a few misidentifications of strokes. Such strokes were excluded from the analysis based on a gross difference between the peak current as measured by the NLDN and peak current calculated from Eq. The consistency between the two current estimates for all data used here is illustrated in Fig. 15. The total number of waveforms analyzed is 178.
West longitude is assumed to be negative in the calculations below.
In all cases E ref was very close to the zero level. E min is the minimum electric field within 400 m s after the initial peak measured with respect to zero level. RT is the zero to peak rise time. Figure 1 illustrates these characteristics. The first reference level crossing in the ringing part of the waveform or crossing that would occur if the ringing were averaged out was used for measureing T1 and T2, as seen in Figure 1 .