They may cause partial or total functional disability. BI is defined within the IDEA as an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both that adversely affects a student's educational performance. Brain Injury is the leading cause of death and disability in children and adolescents in the United States. More than one million children sustain brain injuries annually. However, many students with mild brain injury may never see a health care professional at the time of the accident.
Symptoms can vary greatly depending upon the extent and location of the brain injury.
Impairments in one or more areas of functioning are common. They can be temporary or permanent. They may cause partial or total functional disability. Any of the difficulties listed below may occur to different degrees. The nature of the brain injury and its attendant problems can range from mild to severe.