In other words, the performance evaluations are not only for the top-level managers. Each manager, at each level, benefits by seeing the same metrics as they apply to his or her own area of responsibility. Once the metrics and data collection procedures have been defined, an information infrastructure can help greatly in managing the data flows. A database-backed web intranet is recommended both for data collection and data reporting. This can be developed at relatively low cost using mostly COTS products, or components of it can be purchased.
Web technology can support survey data collection and data reporting fairly easily.
It also can enable features such as workflow process monitoring of cycle times, activity-based costing, and an 'anonymous channel' to upper management. Agencies such as DoD components and research labs often have the skills to build at least part of the system in-house. Information technology papers can be found here . We should not leave the reader with the impression that deployment of the balanced scorecard in the government is easy or straightforward. In addition to the change management challenges mentioned above, there are several other issues that have not been sufficiently addressed in other literature.