They apply estimation in working with objects and quantities. Students compare, describe, and classify geometric figures and objects using geometric and spatial vocabulary. They develop their problem-solving and graphing skills using manipulatives to sort and classify data. Manipulatives can also be used in simple probability activities. They identify, extend, and create patterns using auditory and visual models.
Students measure with a variety of nonstandard units in other disciplines.
By the end of kindergarten, students can select and use appropriate tools for a given problem and explain the process they used to solve the problem. When solving everyday problems in other disciplines, they use their mathematical knowledge, recognize and look for patterns, and identify questions to be answered. Students predict results in familiar problem situations, reflect on these results, and validate their thinking using models. They can follow a plan for collecting information, organize and clarify the information in at least one way, and express their mathematical ideas using models and pictures. Students recognize equivalent mathematical models in familiar settings.