The experiment consists of nine rotations. The 20 plots per replicate were divided into two, ten-plot blocks separated by 20 m continuous wheat roadways to facilitate cultural and tillage operations. The study was replicated three times, each replicate separated from the other also by a 20 m continuous wheat roadway. There are no trees, shelter belts, or other obstacles. A fence line and road are adjacent to the west side of the plots, but these have minimal interference due to a large grass roadway separating them and the experimental site.
Winds are predominately from the west.
In addition three hand samples of whole aboveground plant material are taken from each plot to determine yield and N and P contents of grain and straw. Meteorological parameters such as pan evaporation, rainfall, and temperature are recorded at the meteorological site located 0.5 km away. All parameters necessary for the economic performance and energy efficiency evaluations of the rotations are also recorded. A zero tillage plot seeder with offset disc openers is used to plant the various crop types using the recommended varieties, seeding rates, and dates of seeding. The black lentil seed is inoculated with an appropriate Rhizobium bacteria prior to planting.