The example is three-quarters filled. Sea Temperature is in degrees Fahrenheit. This value is shown only for marine stations. The barb is offset from the center in the direction the wind comes from. The example is wind from the southeast.
Speed is in knots.
A short pennant means 5 knots, a long pennant 10 knots, and a triangular pennant 50 knots. Add the values for the total speed. The example shows 65 knots. Surface observations are usually updated shortly after the beginning of the hour. The observation is made on the hour.