Vegetation includes a combination of grasses, weeds and small trees. Soil composition is limestone-based and shallow. Upland soils are dark, calcareous clays and clay loams, mostly gravelly and stony. Bottomland soils include areas of dark, calcareous, clayey alluvial soils. The area is half mesquite woodland and half prairie.
Soils range from coarse sands to tight or compact clays.
Most contain lime and salt. Bottomland soils are reddish brown, sandy to clayey, alluvial soils. High Plains About 20 million acres with virtually no trees. The area is very level, and the soils are very porous which prevent effective drainage. Rainfall is relatively light.