They formed in sandy glacial drift of Wisconsinan age. Gilford soils have mollic epipedons. Kingsville soils do not have rock fragments. Vestaburg soils have mollic epipedons and do not have argillic horizons. Somewhat poorly drained.
Surface runoff is slow.
Permeability is moderately rapid in the A and B horizons and very rapid in the underlying gravelly sand. Soils are cultivated in most areas. Corn, soybeans, and small grain are the principal crops. Soils are used for woodland and pasture in some areas. The native vegetation was hardwoods, principally American elm, white ash, hickory, and swamp white oak.