Skilled welders and flamecutters know the characteristics and properties, such as melting points of steel, and other commonly used metals. Formal training is available in high schools, vocational schools, and most secondary institutions, such as vocational-technical institutes, community colleges, and private welding schools. The Armed Forces operate welding schools as well.
Some employers provide training to help welders improve their skills.
Some welders become certified, a process whereby the employer sends a worker to an institution, such as an independent testing lab or technical school, to weld a test specimen to specific codes and standards required by the employer. They should be able to concentrate on detailed work for long periods and be able to bend, stoop, and work in awkward positions. When outdoors, they may work on a scaffold or platform high off the ground. In addition, they may be required to lift heavy objects and work in a variety of awkward positions, having to make welds while bending, stooping, or working overhead. Despite projected slower than average employment growth, job prospects should be excellent for welders with the right skills, as many employers report difficulties in finding qualified applicants.