When tamed, the monkey is capable of great loyalty and intelligence. Evil - symbolise our ability to rise above this debased state, and to control and discipline our minds. African drums have patterns carved into them and these dictate the role of that specific drum. Some drums are used at weddings, and other special ceremonies. Some of these patterns tell proverbs, or prayers or even snatches of history from that specific tribe.
Some patterns portray curses on all foreigners touching that drum.
A sangoma's battle drum is usually engraved with the River of Time, or eternity. This is the oldest symbol of Africa and it indicates the repetitive continuity of time and the immorality of the soul. The big drums of any tribe were its most valuable property. A tribe whose drum was stolen, lost faith in itself and became completely demoralized and subservient. We appreciate your comments and criticism.