The dominant way in which persons within a culture conceptualize information produces a specific Cultural Orientation. These are cognitive orientations and result in observable behaviors. Therefore, theoretically, if we understand and appreciate the cognitive style of another culture we can understand why they may behave differently from us, and anticipate their reactions to our behaviors. In addition, these characteristics are highly abstract and therefore must be used only in a general sense to guide your understanding of an intercultural dialogue. All cultural orientations are given in comparison with that of the United States.
Teaching is formal and innovation discouraged.
Interpersonal relationships are of major importance in the overall scheme of things. Information is readily accepted for the purpose of discussion, but negotiations may be extensive with little movement from the initial perspective. Technological innovations are welcomed. The individual is responsible for his or her decisions, but the best interest of the family, group, organization, or nation is a dominating factor. Self-identity is based on the social system and the history of the extended family Expertise is less important than the ability to be a member of the group.