The results are discussed with regard to electrical conditions, precipitation, and some other meteorological details. The center of the positive main charge appears to be outside this air column, following at a distance somewhat behind the negative charge and at a higher level.
Solid precipitation prevails for the greatest part inside the clouds.
Hail is relatively rare. Ice particles inside the clouds are usually oppositely charged to the simultaneous potential gradient. The lightning exchange between these upper space-charges gives the illusion of one slanted dipole. The distribution of charges indicates that the two upper space-charges are attached to the cloud droplets, the weaker lower charges to the precipitation. This indicates a preferred positive sign of the graupel particles and a preferred negative sign of snow crystals.