TDI irritates the skin, and eye contact can cause irritation with permanent damage if untreated. The oral acute toxicity of this substance is low. The odor of TDI does not provide an adequate warning to avoid overexposure. Toluene diisocyanate has caused sensitization of the respiratory tract, manifested by acute asthmatic reaction upon return to work after a period of time away from exposure. Initial symptoms include coughing during the night, with difficult or labored breathing.
Skin sensitization can also occur.
Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used for TDI fires. Reactivity and Incompatibility Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fires and explosions. Contact with water, acids, bases, and amines can lead to reactions that liberate heat and CO and cause violent foaming and spattering. TDI will attack some forms of plastic, rubber, and coatings. In particular, work with TDI should be conducted in a fume hood to prevent exposure by inhalation, and splash goggles and impermeable gloves should be worn at all times to prevent eye and skin contact.