Most of the country has a subtropical climate, with cooler temperatures prevailing in the higher altitudes.
Winter days are warm and nights are cool, with heavy frost common in the desert.
In August begin the seasonal winds that blow from the west and carry sand and dust across the country. The summer rainy seasons runs from November to March and rain is rare between the months of May to August. Rainfall averages 18 inches but ranges from 27 inches in the north to less than 9 inches in the Kalahari. Visa ARE required for nationals of Ghana, India, Mauritius, Nigeria and Sri Lanka. Stay permits, which are extendable up to 30 days, are issued at the border.