Antibiotics are required regardless of the method of drainage. The chest tube is inserted into the pleural space between the ribs on the patient's side. The patient is usually given light sedation or analgesic intravenously. The patient's skin is then prepped with iodine containing a preparation that decreases the bacteria on the skin and limits the risk for infection. The skin and underlying tissue to the pleural membrane is anesthetized using a small needle, very similar to thoracentesis.
Some physicians use a trocar instead of dissection to place a chest tube.
A tube, usually about as big around as a small finger is inserted in the pleural space. This tube is sutured into place and the skin around the tube is sutured. This tube is often hooked up to a suction device to facilitate drainage. The chest tube is left in place for several days until the fluid stops forming and drainage is minimal. Complications are rare and include bleeding, infection, and a puncture in the lung.