Meanwhile, hard ideologies based upon the class struggle and race theories are easily substituted by even more subtle mechanisms, which influence social consciousness. Let me repeat that totalitarianism could be also discussed outside any political context. Even when an obvious totalitarian structure is absent, totalitarianism is present wherever mass culture is present. But, even if soft, not so obvious forms of masses' regulation are not as much blamed as the known forms of the coarse totalitarianism with its physical violence, that does not mean that totalitarianism with a human face is not to be doomed to the natural reaction of resistance. The resistance to totalitarianism means double resistance as it, in its turn, resists to modernity.
Totalitarianism resists unpredictability of direction and uncontrollability of modernisation speed.
It is both a negation and appropriation, assimilation of modernity or adaptation to it. Thus, totalitarianism of mass culture is also aimed at the adaptation of the weakly or partially modernised social strata to modernity. This double character of the resistance to totalitarianism is to be thoroughly understood in the Eastern Europe, where this problem is not only abstract, but a live experience of majority. Today, when it becomes clear that totalitarianism and modernity principally have no difference, the peculiarity of the moment consists in the fact that the resistance to modernity is to correlate with the resistance to the temptation of neo-totalitarianism. It always works with some models, either its own or alien ones.