Brown Tiger Prawns are endemic to Australian waters. Adult Tiger Prawns are found to depths of 200 metres, but are mostly trawled in 10-20 metres of water over coarse sediments. Juvenile Tiger Prawns are found in shallow waters associated with seagrass beds, sometimes on top of coral reef platforms. Brown Tiger Prawns spawn in the Gulf of Carpentaria throughout the year with a peak between July and October, in both inshore and offshore areas. A female tiger prawn with a 39mm carapace length produces about 364,000 eggs.
Tiger prawns feed primarily at night.
Their diet consists of molluscs, crustaceans and polychaete worms. Tiger Prawns are prey to squid, cuttlefish and a variety of fish. Estuarine fish such as barramund i and king threadfin and catfish are major predators of juvenile tiger prawns. Most of the Tiger Prawn catch in Australia is exported, with Japan the major destination. Tiger prawns are caught at night using demersal otter trawls.