The progress of living organizations in the universe seems to run as a corollary to the second law of thermodynamics. Life increases as entropy increases. Life grows in the zones of transition, such as the surface of Earth, where energy and raw materials meet and mix. The points made above deal with organizations in general. But clearly we see that there are different types of organizations.
Some organizations have characteristics which other organizations lack.
The accompanying table shows the eight types of organizations which can be distinguished by the presence or absence of each of these three characteristics. In some organizations the members are aware of the existence of the larger organizations. In other organizations this is not the case. For example, the members of a club know about the club. But this is not the case in the type of organization which produces a pencil.