All subject areas. To help make transitions from one activity to another, do a countdown for the last several minutes of the activity. If a student starts to become disruptive, call on that student to read a passage aloud, answer a question or anything else you can think of. This will help get the student's mind back on task. For instance, they can take their test in ink or pencil.
Some students are more attentive when doodling.
Sincerely praise students often for specific things they have done during the day. Shift the focus away from winning or losing to enjoyment, contribution and satisfaction. Post rules for your class. Be sure to put what you want students to do, not what you don't want them to do. This way the students will be able to better keep track of plans and goals.