These drugs are usually used for treatment of severe symptoms of lupus. Because of the toxicities, patients must be monitored very closely during therapy. Chemotherapy is known to affect white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. This treatment may also lead to an increased risk of infection. Potentially, this treatment could predispose an individual to the development of cancer.
Side effects associated with chemotherapy are unique to each drug.
Cyclophosphamide may cause nausea, vomiting, hair loss, bladder complications and sterility. Azathioprine often causes gastrointestinal problems and has been associated with an allergic type of hepatitis. Methotrexate SLE treatment is individualized based upon patient needs and symptoms. It is important for the lupus patient to have open communication with the physician. Any changes in symptoms could lead to a change in medication, dosage or other treatment options.