Globally, it has been estimated that strategic climate policies could prevent about 8 million deaths that would occur between 2000 and 2020 as a result of pursuing business as usual. Because the continuing expansion of transport activities around the globe threatens to escalate health-damaging emissions and other health risks, the Member States of the WHO European Region adopted the Charter on Transport, Environment and Health last year, with a plan of action to achieve transport systems that are sustainable for health and the environment. Policies that encourage more public transport, in combination with more walking and cycling, are serious, feasible and lead to dramatic health benefits. They are also central to resolving congestion and improving the quality of life in cities, says Dr Carlos Dora, of the WHO European Centre for Environment and Health. If we could cycle and walk more, we would reduce greenhouse gases and improve our health and longevity through reduced risks of heart disease, obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes.
Studies show that walking to work halves our chances of heart disease.
Road transport exacts both health and financial costs that are not paid by those who generate them. This is an opportunity for technological innovation. Further technological development of renewable energy, cleaner vehicles, fuels and particulate filters is essential, says Dr Clini. We at WHO believe that recognition of the multiple benefits of combating climate change give extra impetus to the negotiations that are underway here at COP6, says Dr Bertollini. While there is consensus that integrated strategies need to be given higher priority, strong opposition by many stakeholders constrains their implementation.