The tissue is then examined for inflammation and possible presence of the H. pylori bacterium. There are also blood, saliva, and breath tests available to assist in determining the presence of H. pylori. The cause of the ulcer must first be determined, as treatment varies dependant on the cause. If the ulcer is caused by drugs or alcohol, consumption of these agents must cease. The average ulcer takes six weeks to heal, although treating the H. pylori infection may speed up the healing process.
Smoking tends to delay healing of peptic ulcers.
Diet does not have a major effect on ulcer disease except that strong irritants, such as caffeine and alcohol, should be avoided. Prolonged periods of fasting will cause acid buildup and is not recommended. Eating meals at regular intervals and using antacids one hour before and one hour after meals may be helpful for symptom relief. There are many drugs that act by decreasing acid production. Acid is manufactured by certain cells in the stomach and is a major factor in ulcer formation.