Sand and gravel is within a depth of 8 to 12 feet in many places. The mean annual air temperature ranges from 50 to 52 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 35 to 38 inches. These are the somewhat poorly drained Millbrook and Toronto soils, and the well drained Octagon soils. Millbrook and Toronto soils are on slightly lower lying landscape positions and in drainageways. Octagon soils are calcareous within 40 inches and commonly are on more sloping areas.
Surface runoff is slow or medium.
Permeability is moderate. Mostly used to grow corn and soybeans. Winter wheat is the principal small grain. Native vegetation is mixed prairie grasses, deciduous trees, and shrubs. These soils are of small extent.