Like the bouquet toss, the garter toss is also a modern alternative to the less than savory tradition of old. The first male to hit the bride or groom with their stocking would be lucky and the next to marry. Thus the garter toss. The gentleman who catches the garter would be next to wed. Shoes represented power.
Shoes signify the creation of a new family unit.
Shoes and cans were attached to the bumper of a car to cause a noisy clatter intended to drive off evil spirits. It was believed that evil spirits hovered at the threshold of the home the newlyweds would enter. The bride was lifted over the entrance to keep the evil spirits from entering through her feet. Rice and wheat symbolize fertility, prosperity, and bounty. Today guests throw rose petals, potpourri, wheat, millet seed and birdseed.