Traditionally, hand mate rugs reflect both ancient patterns and the weaver's personal style or wishes. Once the traditional motifs are memorized, the weaver can combine them in a way that tells a story to one who understands the symbols used. A young woman might include an earring motif to express her desire to marry, since earrings are an important wedding gift in the culture. Today, very few rugs are made this way because of large international demand. Many are woven into predesigned patterns, and are no longer a direct expression of the weaver's creativity.
Turkish rugs are still rich in symbolism, with many recurring motifs.
One much used symbol is the ram's horn, which resembles a crescent when incorporated into a rug. The horn represents masculinity as well as concepts culturally associated with it, such as heroism and power.