During a 14 January overflight, strong gas emission from Kudriavy's crater formed a cloud that reached 300-400 m above the summit. The inner part of the crater was not visible. Intense fumarolic activity Fumarolic activity was intense during fieldwork in late 1992. Sketch map of the summit area of the Kudriavy cone at Medvezhia, showing fumarole temperatures and elevations of some thermal features, August-October 1992. Contour interval is 10 m.
Triangles mark collection sites for gas samples.
The inset map shows Iturup Island, with locations of Kudriavy, Baransky, and Ivan Grozny volcanoes, plus the NE corner of neighboring Kunashir Island. Courtesy of G. Steinberg. Composition of fumarole gases from Kudriavy, August 1990, without N2, O2, or Ar. Sample localities are shown on figure 1. Analyses by U.A. Taran and U.A. Ignatorich.