The electronic monitoring devices may use a radio frequency transmitter worn by the offender. In other monitoring systems, random programmed telephone calls are made to the offender, who must then identify himself or herself to the computer. A camera takes a picture of the offender to ensure identity, and breathalyser information is relayed by telephone to a computer. Home confinement with electronic monitoring is used in some areas as an alternative to jail to help relieve overcrowding. Offenders said the program was effective because it offered monitoring, structure, and support for an extended time period.
Some programs are self-sufficient, with costs paid by the offenders, based on ability to pay.
30 Where to Go for More Information on Home Confinement with Electronic Monitoring Jones, R.K., Lacey, J.H., Berning, A., and Fell, J.C. 1996. Alternative Sanctions for Repeat DWI Offenders. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 40th annual proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Jones, R.K., Lacey, J.H., and Byrne, J.M. 1995. D.C. Transportation Research Circular No. 437.