Demographics, telephone, address, occupation, etc. Measurement - Metric Essential in making quantitative observation, comparing and classifying items, and communicating effectively. Temperature - thermometer. Recognize patterns and expect these to reoccur under the same conditions. Form hypothesis based on inferences.
Teachers make inferences as to why students behave as they do.
Learning is an inference made from observed changes in behavior. Inference Examples - The brass knob is not shiny. I infer that the office is not used often. Iodine turns purple on a potato chip. It can be inferred that it contains starch.