There are also a number of odor repellants. These are not taste repellants that one might spray on, for example, dormant apple trees. Rather foul smelling and supposedly frightening substances that are placed near gardens. Creosote or kerosene soaked rags or moth balls in perforated cans are examples. Their effect, like that of most scare devices, is only temporary.
Some people claim that human hair collected from barber shops and hung in bags is effective.
One researcher suggested the faeces and urine of tigers, lions or cougars - but no doubt you will have trouble obtaining this material. I once tried the bobcat lure that one can purchase from trapping suppliers. My results were inconclusive but neighbourhood dogs found the smell interesting. We have tried this idea to keep beaver away from culverts. It appears that there must be a large amount of rope or twine to prove effective.