Phrase 2 can be harmonized nearly the same as phrase 1, the exception being m7. This measure outlines a C major chord for beat 1, but beat 2 is on D, implying a chord change to the dominant. The same is true for m15. Phrase 3 outlines tonic in m9, F in m10, and V in m11. This completes the harmonic outline.
Some melodies contain notes that are outside of the home key or scale.
Normally, these alternatives can be quickly sorted out through the consideration of the context and a little knowledge of key relationships. The following is an example of a modulating melody from Mozart's Don Giovanni . Raised notes, such as these, often suggest modulation to sharper keys. Additionally, these raised notes are part of the dominant or leading-tone chord. That is all that is required, although chord substitutions could be used for some of the chords.