As the infection worsens, bacteria may enter the bloodstream. When this happens, toxins produced by the bacteria can affect the blood vessels. This causes severe low blood pressure. This is known as septic shock, and is a medical emergency. If not treated, septic shock will lead to death.
Septic shock can occur with any severe infection.
It is more common with severe abdominal infections or lung infections such as pneumonia. People with an immune system that is not working are especially prone to septic shock. This includes people with AIDS or those getting cancer treatment. The very young and very old are also prone to sepsis. Preventing or treating the initial infection can prevent sepsis.