Nearly everyone is familiar with the blood pressure cuff, called a sphygmomanometer, which is strapped on during a physical examination to measure blood pressure. Men are more likely to have high blood pressure than women, but African American women have higher levels than any other group. The cause of most hypertension is unknown, although overweight and excessive salt in the diet seem to be contributing factors. A genetic component is also likely. Although hypertension itself is not often listed as a cause of death, it can lead to fatal conditions such as heart attack and stroke.
Stroke is a form of cardiovascular disease that affects the arteries leading to the brain.
It occurs when one of these arteries bursts or becomes clogged by a blood clot. When the brain is deprived of the oxygen carried by blood, nerve cells in the affected area die. Stroke can cause disabilities, including partial paralysis and loss of speech, memory, or understanding, and frequently proves fatal. These attacks usually last only minutes and leave no residual effects, but may be a sign that a more serious stroke will occur in the days, weeks, or months to come. Sudden dimness or loss of vision, especially in only one eye.