Other symptoms which occurred shortly before, or at the same time, such as trouble breathing, abdominal pains, etc. are noted. True edema has certain characteristics, and must be differentiated from fatty deposits or other growths. Signs of coexisting medical conditions are observed. After that a tentative opinion is given, treatment is administered, and the edema is observed. If there is no improvement, reexamination or other diagnostic measures are undertaken.
Specific treatment depends on the cause of the edema.
Sometimes a simple change in habits such as reduced salt intake or increased activity can eliminate swelling. Minor transient swelling of the legs after a long drive usually does not require treatment. On the other hand, injuries are treated with prompt icing to reduce the leakage of fluid. Allergies are treated with antihistamines or injections. Swollen joints may be treated with anti-inflammatories.