The formal charge remaining on the element when all the other atoms have been removed as their normal ions. The e - s in a bond are assumed to be associated with the most electronegative atom. Coordination Number No. of nearest neighbors atoms or ions surrounding an element. O.N. F -1 C.N. F 1 Often O.N. and C.N. differ e.g. It is important to define what is being measured since distance changes depending on the bonding environment.
Values are for covalent bonds only, since any ionic contribution leads to bond shortening.
Atomic Radii of some Elements. Same as atomic radii i.e. decreases across a period and increases down a group. The energy released on solvation by water. The value x includes the inner sphere where the oxygen of the water interacts directly with the metal, the outer sphere where ordered water molecules are bound electrostatically to the complex and beyond this the bulk solvent which is unordered and interacts only by hydrogen bonding. The inner sphere normally has 4-6 water molecules.