Vuilleminia comedens Causes white rot. While not attacking the bark the fruitbody defoliates the outer layer of that tissue. Peniophora quercina Mainly attacks the ends of the branches. Exidia glandulosa Causes death of the bark. These pioneer species are often seen to be associated with heartwood wings in the cross section, thought to be produced prematurely by the living wood in response to attack.
Some defence is achieved thereby.
A pioneer species causing white rot. Phlebia rufa A pioneer causing white rot in weak branches, e.g. lower branches weakened by low light intensity. Hyphoderma setigerum Always associated with insect boring, causing bark loss. The following secondary invaders are occasionally found. Phlebia radiata Causing bark loss, associated with insect damage.