This was painted to look human, with the face in high relief. An entirely new form of burial was the catacomb, a multiple-chamber tomb cut into the rock. This had an open court from which high steps led into an underground antechamber, which had a high ledge along the wall. From this ledge, openings led to additional chambers with benches along the walls on which the dead were placed. Offerings were still common, and many tombs had repositories at the back of the chambers in which the offerings were placed.
Some walls have cavities into the wall, loculi, instead of benches for the placement of the body.
This style became very common into the Second Temple period. Family tombs were rock-cut and had an anteroom with one burial chamber containing one or more benches on which a body was laid. This is the type of tomb in which Jesus was buried. Some very elaborate tombs from the Second Temple period found in Jerusalem have monuments, e.g. the pyramid found over the tomb of Jason. The large funerary monuments in the Kidron Valley were in a class all their own.