Russell Motor Car Co. v. United States. Consumer Product Safety Comm'n v GTE Sylvania, Inc . When the terms of a statute are unambiguous, judicial inquiry is complete except in rare and exceptional circumstances. The United States Supreme Court cannot supply what Congress has studiously omitted in a statute. Federal Trade Com.
Words used in the statute are to be given their proper signification and effect.
The construction of a statute by those charged with its execution should be followed unless there are compelling indications that it is wrong, especially when Congress has refused to alter the administrative construction, and such deference is particularly appropriate where an agency's interpretation involves issues of considerable public controversy and Congress has not acted to correct any misperception of its statutory objectives. We are not at liberty to construe any statute so as to deny effect to any part of its language. It is a cardinal rule of statutory construction that significance and effect shall, if possible, be accorded to every word. This rule has been repeated innumerable times. This fact only underscores our duty to refrain from reading a phrase into the statute when Congress has left it out.