Instructions with an offset branch if the test is met. Others push a result back onto the stack. Allows procedures to be called and values returned. Arrays are stored on the heap in JVM and dynamically garbage collected when no longer needed. The picoJava II is a big endian machine.
Stack runs downward in memory, from high to low.
This feature allows the stack to be represented as a linked list of stack chunks instead of one contiguous block of memory. Other registers perform more specialized tasks.