This is a result of a direct impact to the flexed knee and hip. It may be anterior or posterior. These are as a result of high energy impact. There is pain and deformity. It is important to assess for any neurological or vascular compromise.
Surgery is often necessary to stabilise the displaced fractures.
This results from a disrupted blood supply, from fracture, dislocation, or repetitive trauma. Clinical features Pain, limitation of movement and an antalgic gait. X-rays reveal late changes. A bone scan and an MRI are more sensitive in the early stages of this disorder. Treatment Rest with crutches.