When taking color into consideration, in combination with the factors of age and sex, the highest in the pecking order would be adult wild colored male, while the lowest would be young mutation female. Other factors such as personality, or exceptional flying or singing ability can help a bird overcome the stigmas attached to those three primary factors. The young lutino hen, originally part of the dominant group by virtue of being hatched into it, was ousted after she was befriended by the lutino cock. The young pied male became the leader of the mutation group through exceptional singing ability. Off on his own was a wild colored, handicapped cock, son of the dominant pair.
Sons are more apt to remain in the family clique than are daughters.
Now she and her offspring are accepted by both groups. Once chicks are weaned, very strong bonds develop between father and daughter, mother and son. Sometimes a cock who is approaching breeding age will challenge his father for the attention of his mother. If this happens, he will be considered an outcast until he becomes bonded to another hen, at which time he will again become accepted as a member of the family clan - especially if he successfully raises young. Unbonded cocks of breeding age are considered a threat to the family structure.