Upper Tier Women are moving into professional areas, but their proportion in professional areas is still quite low. There has also developed a split in the professional circles that see some professional jobs becoming routinized. Structural change occurs within the world system also which has impact on women. Within the primary sector are two sub tiers. Characteristics of the jobs in the upper-tier are highly educated employees who work at jobs that require creativity and initiative.
Upward mobility is likely.
Limited mobility characterizes employment in the lower-tier, but jobs are relatively secure and have union advocacy. The secondary market is composed of marginal firms where product demand is unstable. Poor working conditions characterize the work place. Secondary sector employment provides low wages, few opportunities for advancement, and little job security. Secondary sector employment requires little education or skills.