Probabilities express a premise, imply a second premise, and express a conclusion. Probability enthymemes are slippery little devils. When you spot one, look closely at the logic, both expressed and implied. If you can convert the enthymeme into a valid syllogism, ok. Chances are, however, that sloppy logic was used to write it in an attempt to provide a text with a veneer of logical appeal.
Signs are slightly more reliable enthymemes.
At least the logic behind them is easier to evaluate. A sign is not a cause or reason for something happening, merely an indication that something has, is, or will happen. For a list of fallacies, look in the reference section of your textbook, or check out this web site . All rights reserved.