There is an increasing incidence of neuropathies related to HIV infection. Other causes of peripheral neuropathy include vitamin deficiency, inflammation, infection, ischemia, hyperthyroidism, occlusive vascular disease, trauma, compressed nerve, dialysis, metabolic disorders, various medications, and heredity. Occasionally an etiology cannot be found. The more common forms of peripheral neuropathy usually affect the lower extremities bilaterally and symmetrically. Symptoms most often occur gradually over a long period of time.
Symptoms usually involve both motor and sensory functions.
It is possible to have only sensory involvement. However, any muscular weakness is always accompanied by sensory changes. The main symptoms of peripheral neuropathy include loss of sensation, weakness, tingling, prickling, muscle atrophy and pain in the extremities. Sometimes there is an increased sensation in the affected area. Pain may be described as aching, burning, jabbing, searing, or a tightness.