The equipment and the materials can become expensive. Usually this type of sustained effort is not appropriate for parks or natural settings, and it doesn't address the root cause, which is the habitat. Some agencies have purchased swans to reduce the goose population in a particular park. While this does reduce the goose population in the immediate vicinity of the swans, it has been demonstrated that the swans are only aggressive during the nesting season. During the rest of the year the two species will co-exist relatively peacefully.
Swans can present a very significant threat to people as well, particularly children.
Swans cannot spend the winter outside. These animals would need to be cared for in a special facility until spring. Maintenance and natural resources staff members also have used pyrotechnics fired from pistols, but the geese have not responded by leaving. The products are very expensive and only provide a temporary deterrent to grazing on bluegrass. Another option is the use of dogs, specifically border collies, to chase and harass the geese.