X-rays may be taken to confirm the problem and determine the degree of curvature. The purpose of treating scoliosis is to stop the curve from becoming larger before permanent cosmetic problems result or damage occurs to internal organs. In the majority of cases, mild curves that are not getting worse need only be checked periodically by the doctor. If the curve remains unchanged, no treatment is necessary. Increasingly severe curves are usually seen by an orthopedist, a bone and joint specialist.
Treatment varies depending on severity and age.
Moderate curves are usually treated with a brace that helps keep the spine as straight as possible during the child's adolescent growth spurt. This form of treatment continues until the skeleton is mature, which occurs about two years after the onset of menstruation in girls and between 17 and 19 for boys. Severe curves and those not responding to bracing require surgery. The operation involves a fusion of the curved portions of the spine after it is straightened as much as possible. Surgery, when necessary, is usually successful.