They were magnifying lenses which were made not of glass, but of crystal. However, it was not until the 13th Century AD that the first real spectacles appeared. It is now assumed that Roger Bacon was one of the first to make them. The credit for inventing them has been given to an Italian, the Florentine Salvina Armato, who died in 1317.
Species evolve to meet the environment.
An intelligent species changes the environment to suit itself. This man had survived the mishap, or perhaps a congenital disorder, by many years and died at a ripe old age. Science History archives Try the links in the MadSci Library for more information on Science History . All rights reserved.