However, EDR programs are best described as ad hoc.
State agencies consult university-based and private mediators as needed.
EDR processes used in Virginia include consensus building, training, convening, conflict assessment, visioning, and mediation over issues of water, land-use, permits, development, and facility siting. Richard Collins or Tanya Denckla Institute for Environmental Negotiation University of Virginia 164 Rugby Rd. In 1997, the Virginia General Assembly passed legislation supporting the use of ADR by state agencies. However, at this time, no agency administers its own EDR program. Instead, the Institute for Environmental Negotiation at the University of Virginia often provides information and support for EDR programs within the state.