Cost of gain for cows can be 30 per cent higher than the cost per pound of gain for feedlot steers. The seasonal price fluctuation of cull cows by itself is not always sufficient to justify high energy diets. The greatest returns occur when carcass grade is improved. Young cows can double in value by improved carcass grade. Since young cows have a greater potential for an improved carcass grade and there is less danger of young cows becoming over fat, it is more profitable to feed younger cows than older ones.
Youthful cows can be difficult to identify on a live weight basis.
Experienced cattle buyers are more likely to assume the cow is mature and pay accordingly. Since the advantages of placing cull cows in a feedlot are primarily dependant on grade improvement, not being able to accurately identify youthful cows adds further risk when they are sold live. The preferred method of sale will vary depending upon time of year and whether the cows have had a grain feeding period. Selling at a local auction may be preferred for cows sold directly off pasture in late summer, or after failing to produce a calf in the spring or fall for fall calving herds. Returns from cows fed high levels of grain for several weeks may be higher if sold on a rail grade basis.