The first of these is that science deals with things that are in some way observable and measurable. This is called empiricism. The second of these is that science deals in hypotheses. A hypotheses is not an educated guess. It is a statement that in principle can be falsified and about which agreed upon data can be collected.
Science is always a game played with statistics.
Ultimately a hypothesis, by its nature, can never be proven or disproved. Understanding these things is important not because science always provides the truth but because anything that claims to provide a scientific truth must be held to them. All material Richard L. Warms, 1997. Last updated September 22, 1997.