The cause is not known, but may be related to immune system disorders. Bullous pemphigoid typically occurs in elderly persons and is rare in young people. It is characterized by a pattern of exacerbations and remissions. It may be without symptoms for 5 or 6 years, then suddenly flare up. There is no known way to prevent this disorder.
Treatment is focused on relief of symptoms and prevention of infection.
Corticosteroids are the treatment of choice. They are given by mouth or by injection. Other medications may include chemotherapy medications such as methotrexate, azathioprine, or cyclophosphamide. Antibiotics such as tetracycline or erythromycin may also be given. Bullous pemphigoid is a relatively benign disorder that tends to be chronic , with flare-ups after long remissions.