You may change the size of an object or texture pattern by adding a scale parameter. It consists of the keyword scale followed by a vector expression. The 3 terms of the vector specify the amount of scaling in each of the x, y and z directions. Scale is used to stretch or squish an element. Values larger than one stretch the element on that axis while values smaller than one are used to squish it.
Scale is relative to the current element size.
If the element has been previously re-sized using scale then scale will size relative to the new size. Multiple scale values may used. If a lone float expression is specified it is promoted to a three component vector whose terms are all the same. Thus the item is uniformly scaled by the same amount in all directions. You may change the orientation of an object or texture pattern by adding a rotate parameter.