Lava flows, some of which reach the sea, and volcanic ash cover parts of the island. An unusual black-sand beach lies on the southeast coast. Many waterfalls are on the island. Hawaii has a tropical-rainy climate, with the north and east slopes receiving the most rain.
Vegetation varies from tropical rain forest to grasslands to barren volcanic areas.
Sugarcane and pineapples are the island's principal products. The Kona district of W Hawaii is the coffee belt of the United States and is also known for its health resorts and offshore deep-sea fishing. Hilo , on the east coast, is the island's largest city and chief port and is the county seat. A highway, linking the coastal towns, encircles the island. At Kealakekua Bay there is a monument to Capt.