It can occur after an injury or a fall. More often symptoms are vague with gradually increasing pain and limp. Despite the hip being the problem pain can be felt in the knee or thigh. Examination shows limitation of movement and tenderness of the hip. X-rays show characteristic changes.
Treatment often involves an operation.
There is a great risk of early arthritis of the hip even in those successfully treated. Bow leg is normal from infancy to 2 years. Knock-knee is normal from 2 years to 8 years and then assumes adult alignment. Referral to a specialist is indicated if bowing persists beyond 2 years, bowing is increasing rather than decreasing, one leg only is affected or knock-knee is associated with short stature. Treatment is rarely needed.