The expression of some genes can be regulated by the pattern of RNA splicing. Addition of a polyA tail. Removal of introns. DNA packaging by proteins restricts access of the RNA polymerase to some genes. Regulatory proteins can bind to some mRNAs and slow the rate of degradation of those messages.
Transcription requires transcription factors.
Transcription and translation occur simultaneously. The DNA strands of the double helix have opposite 5' to 3' polarity. The sugar phosphate backbones or the double helix are hydrophilic, while the purine and pyrimidine bases in the middle are hydrophobic. During DNA replication, the two strands remain hydrogen bonded together, but serve as a template for making two new strands. Okazaki postulated DNA synthesis is discontinuous on the so-called lagging strand because a.