In a series circuit, all the components are connected one after another. A parallel circuit has batteries or other components connected across one another. Kirchoff's equation maintains that in a series circuit, the summation of the voltages is 0. In a series circuit, the current remains the same throughout, whereas the voltage differs. In a parallel circuit, the summation of the current is 0.
Voltage remains the same throughout, and current differs.
Measure and record the resistance of each resisitor using the multimeter or the color code. Meaure voltage of power supply as well. Turn on the power supply and measure voltage across each resistor. Take apart the series circuit and construct the parallel circuit. Measure voltage across each resistor.