The following glosses over many important statistical points. For this class these points can be ignored, but the incompleteness of these statements should be remembered when performing statistical analysis for others. For information on how to control for a third variable, see Controlling at the end of this. For continuous variables, the order of the values should be clear, easily discerned, and raise or lower in a steady direction. Examples of this are measures of age, income, and measures that that range from strongly disagree to strongly agree.
Variables measuring race, sex, or marital status are typically categorical variables.
I.e., 'white', 'black' and 'other' do not imply some steady increment to or from being white. For the probability, use the number under Sig. 2-tailed on the Equal line. Use the significance on the far right on the Pearson line. Be sure to click on Options and then check Descriptives.