Intelligence is not affected by the disorder, but the ability to organize and structure time can be severely impaired. There is no association with Schizophrenia. While many borderlines suffered from abuse or neglect in childhood, some developed the disorder from head injuries, epilepsy, or brain infections. Early parental loss and incest are commonly associated with borderline. Neurological physical examinations are abnormal.
Sound interpretation is impaired.
Memory and vision are impaired. Glandular function may be abnormal. Sleep is abnormal. The response to some medications is bizarre. When injected intravenously, the medication procaine normally causes drowsiness, but a borderline will feel the 'dysphoria' described in the first paragraph.