As we think of the value of the prairie, it is enough reason for many of us to save the native plants for historic and aesthetic reasons. However, when we are confronted with the question of why is the prairie of value, there are many more reasons. The Native Americans and pioneers used many native plants for food and medicine, and we need to preserve the plants for added research. Regarding the environmental issue, prairie plants lessen the need for chemicals, watering and mowing. They provide for cleaner air and water and they build soil.
Wild insects are dependent on prairies for cover, food, and mating habitats.
Along the roadsides and on farm terraces and waterways, there are many benefits. In these areas, native grasses are more beneficial than many of the alien species present. Research has been done to show the benefits of growing switch grass, Indian grass, and big bluestem for cattle grazing. Stephen Barnhart has his findings in pamphlet Pm-569, updated October 1994, available from Iowa State University, Extension, Ames, Iowa 50010. Laura Jackson from the University of Northern Iowa is studying the use of Illinois bundle-flower, a legume, for its use in rotational grazing.