The major goal at NASA has been transfer of products, rather than increases in productivity or quality. Most of the successful technology transfer at NASA was done outside of the mechanisms established by NASA explicitly for this purpose. He also notes that, industry-wide, Most software professionals are resistant to change. Infusion mechanisms do not address software engineering technologies as well as they do other technologies. This problem may be the result of software engineering's process orientation, where the focus is more on producing than on transferring a product.
Technology transfer requires far more than simply understanding a new technology.
Quantitative data are important for understanding how and why the new technology will fit into or replace the existing processes. Technology infusion is not free. Personal contact is essential for change. Timing is critical. Zelkowitz's findings confirm those reported by Berniker and Rogers.