Elevation above sea level ranges from 700 to 1600 feet. These are the Erin , Kilkenny , Lerdal , and Shields soils. These soils formed in materials that are somewhat similar to those of the Mazaska soils. The moderately well drained Kilkenny and Erin soils are on undulating to rolling slopes. The somewhat poorly drained Lerdal, and somewhat poorly drained Shields soils are on nearly level but more elevated positions.
Surface runoff is negligible.
Permeability is slow. The perched seasonal high water table is at 0 to 1 foot during November to June in most years. Most areas are used as cropland. Corn and soybeans are the commonly grown crops. Native vegetation is northern hardwoods, largely basswood, maple, and elm, with an understory of grasses and sedges.