Fifth , a nonviolent resister avoids both external physical and internal spiritual violence- not only refuses to shoot, but also to hate, an opponent. The ethic of real love is at the center of nonviolence. Sixth, the believer in nonviolence has a deep faith in the future and the forces in the universe are seen to be on the side of justice. Gandhi believed that opponents must be converted by a demonstration of purity, humility, and honesty. They are to be converted - not annihilated.
Violence creates bitterness in the victim, and brutality in the attacker.
Gandhi promoted a constant dialogue between opponents with a view to ultimate reconciliation. Insults, threats, and propaganda only serve to obstruct the goal. The Defiance Campaign was conceived as a mass civil disobedience campaign that would snowball from a core of selected volunteers to involved more and more ordinary people, culminating in mass defiance. Charged and brought to trial for his role in the campaign, the court found that Mandela and his co-accused had consistently advised their followers to adopt a peaceful course of action and to avoid all violence. For his part in the Defiance Campaign, Mandela was convicted of contravening the Suppression of Communism Act and given a suspended prison sentence.