Avoid dead animals, especially carcasses of recently killed and partially covered deer or elk. Reduce odor attractants by securing meat and other food and garbage in double plastic bags, hang food when in camp, and keep a clean camp. Human pets are an attractant for cougars. And do not offer it food or otherwise entice it, which will not encourage it to leave. Stop, stand upright, and don't run.
Sudden movements can trigger an attack.
Do not turn your back on the cougar. Face the cougar and remain upright. Stay calm, and talk to the cougar in a soft, confident voice. Slowly back away. Give the cougar an escape route.