Portfolios are usually compiled by teachers and can reflect the range of student work to show improvement or the best of the student's work to show level of ability. The levels each represent a different type if thought process. Students can repeat information they have Learned. Students can interpret information, translate it, create connections. Students can use abstract ideas to solve problems.
Students can pull apart ideas and information to gain anew, deeper, understanding of the idea.
Students can combine ideas and concepts into a new whole. Students can make judgments about an idea or issue based on criteria. Teachers document what the student already knows, what the pre-assessment indicates the student does not know about the topic or skill, and a plan for meaningful and challenging use of student time. It begins with a focus on student readiness and ends with an emphasis on student interest. Each student is assigned a role or task that is commensurate with their area of strength.