They grow closer to the water than the other mangroves and are usually flooded at high tide. They are easily identified by the tall arching roots, called prop-roots, originating from trunks and branches. These roots are adapted to supply air to the underground roots, as well as adding to the stability of the trees. New trees establish themselves further away from the original trees by a well adapted reproductive process. Seeds sprout into torpedo-shaped seedlings while still attached to the parent tree.
Sprouts then drop to the ground or into the water.
When a seedling lands in the water it may either take root among the other mangrove roots or float with the current until it drifts on to suitable ground. Seedlings remain viable for long periods of time and are able to become established after floating as long as 12 months. Seed germination on the tree is a feature common to both red and black mangroves. It undoubtedly gives the seedlings a better chance of survival in a harsh environment. In Florida, red mangroves are shrubs or small trees, averaging 20 feet in height.