We can distinguish most of these only with close observation, usually with some magnification. However, on the positive side, the order Odonata, which includes damselflies and dragonflies, has been very well studied and characterized. It is possible to reliably separate almost all our local adults while in a net, and to release them unharmed after observation. Although most dragonflies spend several years as a nymph, and a month or less as an adult, odonates seem to differentiate among themselves as species only in the adult stage, so the treatment here is not wholly people-centered. For the other half of the dragonfly life cycle, see the Odonata Larvae of Michigan .
Some dragonflies fly so high and fast that they are very difficult to catch.
It is easiest to study resting dragonflies without disturbing them, and that is what this guide is designed for. Dragonfly eyes don't focus - they will only note that you are getting closer because your image expands. If sideways motion is slow they often don't seem to see it. You will soon recognize the slight vibration of their wings that signals their imminent takeoff, and stop moving first. Many fly only a short distance, shorter each time they move if not unduly alarmed, and eventually allow a very close approach, as you can see from my photos.