The writing is flat, lifeless, stiff, or mechanical. It may be overly technical or full of jargon. The writer struggles with a limited vocabulary, searching for words to convey meaning. The language is so vague or redundant that only the general message comes through. The paper is difficult to follow or to read aloud.
Sentences tend to be choppy, incomplete, rambling, or awkward.
Errors in usage, sentence structure, spelling, or punctuation make the text difficult to read. Frequent errors over-whelm the reader. It is difficult to get the message without rereading.