If a heifer has been in labor for 1.5 to 2 hours or a cow has been trying for 1 hour, without any signs of progress, an examination should be done to determine why progress is not being made. It is better to intervene earlier if you think it is necessary to ensure a live calf. Also watch close-up cows for other signs of calving. A cow that frequently assumes a urinating posture or walks with her tail extended for more than 3 to 4 hours may be attempting to calve or could have a twisted uterus, an abnormally positioned calf, or some other problem with delivery.
Sanitation is very important when an examination is done.
Infections can be introduced to the uterus which cause infertility and breeding problems. There is also the possibility of infectious agents in the birth canal that can affect people, so wear sleeves. Check the vulva to see if it is relaxed and large enough for delivery. The vagina should be examined for obstructions like fat, a pelvic fracture, abrasions, or bleeding. The cervix should be examined to assess the degree of relaxation and dilation.