The only known mechanism that can be used to explain the lower body weight and body fat among smokers is the increased metabolism theory 28 . Metabolic rate is an important and often overlooked variable in energy imbalances. Seventy-five per cent of total energy expenditure comes in the form of metabolism 30 . However, this study was not able to perform the dose-response analysis in order to provide conclusive evidence for the relationship between smoking and body weight. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that current smokers have a diet that is low in micronutrient intakes, especially vitamin C and carotenoid, and a high alcohol intake.
Smokers appear to have different dietary habits and health behaviour.
Given the prevalence of cigarette smoking is high in this Chinese elderly population, these observations should be considered in future studies where the diet-related diseases in Chinese population. Giving up smoking and the risk of heart attacks. Pelletier O. Vitamin C status of cigarette smokers and non smokers. Diet, smoking, social class and body mass index in the Caerphilly Heart Disease Study. Chow CK, Thacker RR, Changchit C, Bridges RB, Rehm SR, Humble J, Tuevwk J. Lower levels of vitamin C and carotenes in plasma of cigarette smokers.