It's a step up on the pyramid leading from data to information to knowledge to wisdom. The key is probably convenient forgetting, plus compacting some things via structuring them in much the same way as syntax does. Very little is known so far about where syntax resides in the brain, but brain mapping is getting better every year. Syntax also aids multistage planning and other logical chains - and likely underlies that exhilaration that the neuroscientist may experience when, while gazing out the plane window on the way home, things suddenly snap into focus, scattered parts come together, and a new set of relationships emerges from the chaos. Information becomes knowledge, added to the edifice that science has erected to tell us the reality hidden behind mere appearances.
Wisdom sometimes follows.