Managers exist at many levels in an organization, from key executives at the top to the first-line supervisor. Managers implement policies and programs in public institutions. It takes the talents and skills of both program and staff managers to deliver the services the public expects and demands. The program manager is the doer in an organization. Program managers must be equipped to deal with a variety of issues, such as establishing objectives, stimulating productivity and stimulating workers.
Staff managers support the work of program offices.
The areas of responsibility for staff managers include budgeting and financial management, personnel and labor relations and management information systems. Analysts look at new ways of meeting the public's request for services. Research on social, economic, and environmental problems can help inform decision makers in the policy process. Analysts assemble information, organize that information for use by decision-makers and propose optional courses of action.