The Tarleton Athletic Training Program was developed in 1984 within the Department of Health and Physical Education at Tarleton State University. The program leads to a degree in Exercise and Sports Studies and currently meets the requirements necessary for students to become nationally certified athletic trainers through the National Athletic Trainers Association Board of Certification by the internship route. The program also meets the standards required for students to be eligible for athletic training licensure through the Texas Department of Health. All students are also advised to pursue a teaching certification in Secondary or All-level Health and Physical Education. Tarleton State University is a member of the NCAA II and the Lone Star Conference.
Men compete in football, basketball, baseball, track and field, and cross country.
Women compete in basketball, volleyball, track and field, cross country, softball, golf, and tennis. The Texans and TexAnns both have a rich tradition of outstanding teams and individuals in all sports.