Most salamanders have moist, dark skin and are difficult to see in their natural environment. A number of species, however, are brightly colored. Some of these species secrete a milky fluid through the skin when handled roughly or when in danger. This fluid is poisonous to some animals. Salamanders have a long tail that is used for swimming.
Most species have four legs, but a few that live in water lack hind legs.
Salamanders have a strong sense of smell, and most have a long, sticky tongue for catching food. They eat mainly worms and insects. The life of a salamander. During cold periods, they burrow into soil or lie on the bottom of a pond, where they are sluggish and generally inactive. Species that live in mountain streams and springs may remain active throughout the year.