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Paleobotany is the study of fossil plants.
During geologic history different plant parts have been preserved in a variety of depositional environments and thru many different processes. Leaves are the most common type of plant fossil and can be found as compressions, impressions, carbonizations. Coal balls, coal, and peat contain abundant plant material in many cases with excellent preservation. Many plant parts may also be found preserved in amber, itself a fossilized plant resin. Algae and cyanobacteria are many times found forming deposits of calcium carbonate commonly called stromatolites and tufa.