The otoglossal cartilage is present as a semicircular ring in the hyoid apparatus of adults. Lungs and an ypsiloid cartilage are present. Larvae have four pairs of gill slits. The scapula and coracoid bones of the pectoral girdle are fused to form the scapulocoracoid. Vertebral centra are amphicoelous.
Ribs are bicapitate.
Spinal-nerve foramina are present in neural arches of all vertebrae except for spinal nerves exiting between the atlas and first trunk vertebra and between the first and second trunk vertebrae. Anterior glomeruli of the kidney are reduced or absent. Reproductive characters Fertilization is internal. Epidermal lining is absent from the anterior cloacal chamber of females. Evaginations are present in the dorsolateral walls of the male cloacal tube.