Doctors don't know exactly why muscle cramps occur. But they tend to occur after muscle fatigue, dehydration or injury. Simply remaining in the same position for a prolonged time may contribute to a cramp, Dr. Knochel says. But Dr. Knochel adds that cramps affect almost everyone at some time in their lives. Electrolytes are minerals that permit the body's cells to exchange fluids properly.
Potassium is the chief electrolyte.
Sodium and chloride are also important. Eat a balanced diet, and you should have no shortage of electrolytes. It's good general advice when someone suffers from cramps, but the truth of whether it works or not is unknown. Proper warm-ups and stretching prior to a workout may help avoid cramping, says Dr. Foster. Dr. Foster also notes that you should try to make gradual changes in the type and intensity of exercise to minimize muscle fatigue and potential cramps.