Type 1 malocclusion is the most common. It occurs when the bite is normal but there are crowded or malpositioned teeth. Type 2 malocclusion, called retrognathism or overbite, occurs when the upper jaw and teeth severely overlap the bottom jaw and teeth. Type 3 malocclusion, called prognathism or underbite, is the least common. It occurs when the lower jaw protrudes forward and the lower teeth extend over the upper teeth.
Occlusion is checked by pulling the cheek outward and having the person bite down normally.
The dentist usually refers the person to an orthodontist for diagnosis and treatment. The goal of treatment is to correct the positioning of the teeth. Braces or other appliances may be used to change the positioning or alignment of teeth. Metal bands are placed around each tooth or metal, ceramic, or plastic bonds are attached to the surface of the teeth. Wires or springs apply force to the teeth.