The valve is turned to seal it from all gas sources, then the jar is incubated. The jar is then incubated. Another alternative to the anaerobic and candle jars is to place your sample in a zip-loc bag with some baking soda and vinegar in separate parts of a Petri dish. Seal the bag, pressing out the air as you seal the bag. Once sealed, tilt the Petri dish so that the baking soda and vinegar may mix, releasing carbon dioxide in the bag, creating an anaerobic environment for your microbes to grow in.
Metabolism is covered in the next chapter.
With the exception of the graphic on p. 52, this chapter is self-explanatory as written. Figure 2 illustrates a simple manner in which bacteria can be plated out to isolate them as discrete colonies from confluently grown-together plaques. A flame-sterilized loop is cooled to room temperature. The flame is then re-sterilized, cooled, then streaked across A into B as illustrated. Repeat the process from B to C .