The Cost Effectiveness and Magnitude of Potential Impact of Various Congestion Management Measures , by Matt Rowell, et al. It has been estimated that vehicle travel in the Phoenix and Tucson areas is approximately 60 million and 15 million miles per weekday, respectively.
Traffic congestion exacerbates the problem by reducing travel speeds to below optimal levels.
There has been much discussion concerning possible solutions for alleviating traffic congestion and pollution. The purpose of this report is to provide policy makers with a guide to options that are available to reduce congestion that may lead to lower levels of pollution. The congestion abatement measures that have been reviewed here are compared by the magnitude of emissions reductions and the cost-effectiveness of achieving those reductions. This report is based primarily on past research concerning congestion abatement measures. It is assumed that if a policy or measure is actually implemented in Phoenix or Tucson the result will be comparable to results reported elsewhere.