In addition, the age structure of the elderly is also becoming older. It is estimated that the population of Shaanxi will become an aged one in the first decade of the twenty-first century, and reach a peak in the 2020s, thereafter subsiding in the 2040s and 2050s. So the establishment of an old-age support system should be given special attention. The baseline of education in Shaanxi is lower than the national average and the illiteracy rate has always been above the national level. There are also regional differences between rural and urban areas.
Women have fewer opportunities of receiving an education.
Migration was mainly intra-provincial migration. The distribution of population and resources can be divided into three areas. In the northern part, land resources are rich but soil erosion is serious and the economic level is low. Guanzhong has high-quality land, and the agricultural condition is fine, but fresh water resources are scarce, the population density is high, and the employment problem is very serious. In the southern part, there are rich mineral resources and waterpower resources, but the area is mountainous, farmland is scarce, and population density is very high and with a lot of people living below the poverty line.