Coniferous and deciduous seedlings cannot establish, and the natural succession of forests is halted. When left to grow up tress, it can stunt growth, and the added weight increases the likelihood of storm damage. In gardens and landscaped areas, ivy can smother out desired groundcovers and shrubs, as well as climbing up trees. English ivy is an evergreen vine with glossy green leaves. Juvenile leaves have three to five lobes.
Mature leaves are more triangular to diamond shaped.
Mature portions produce flowers of the tips of vines in fall, followed by dark blue to black berries in late spring. The berries are favored by starlings and robins, who aid the spread of the vines near the bases of trees. The seeds can germinate in very dry, shady locations. This is a critical time of year for control. The moist soils give up the roots easily for pulling out vines growing along the ground.