If a string is fixed at one end and attached to a sinusoidally driven vibrator at the other end, waves travel down the string from the vibrator are reflected back from the fixed end. Under the proper conditions standing waves are formed from the interference between the two waves traveling in the opposite directions. Clamps, pulley, support rods, mass holder and slotted masses, meter stick and balance.
Waves are one of the means by which energy can be transported.
Waves in a string are an example of a type of wave known as a transverse wave. Consider the graph below which shows a string tied to a vibrator at one end which then passes over a pulley at the other end with masses on the other end of the string to provide tension in the string. The vibrator frequency is written on the fork. The point at which the string passes over the pulley is a fixed point, and the wave is reflected from that point. Thus the string is a medium in which two waves of the same speed, frequency, and wavelength are traveling in opposite directions.