Use standard measuring spoons, not tableware. Ingredients - Flour should be spooned into a standard size measuring cups then leveled off. Unless specified other wise, flour always means all purpose white flour. If a particular recipe needs a different type of flour, such as bread flour, the recipe will will specify the type. Sugar should be scoopped into a cup and leveled off.
Sugar always refers to white, granulated sugar.
When a recipe needs brown sugar it will clearly say brown sugar. Brown sugar should always be measured by leveling off, after it has been firmly packed. My individual reciepes will just give the amount not the measuring instructions. The two can really be interchanged, mixed and substituted equally. This is my personal preference in those recipes.