However, many residual wastes are generated and transported as liquids. Municipal waste landfills need two liners because they accept a variety of wastes, including small amounts of household hazardous waste. Some residual waste landfills accept only one type of waste that may pose minimum risk to the environment. The regulations allow for one or two liners, and even unlined landfills, depending upon the type of waste accepted. To prevent facilities from being overwhelmed by a waste they were not designed to manage, specific types of wastes will be assigned to particular types of facilities, based on the design of the facility.
Residual wastes are subject to a source reduction strategy.
The regulations provide a simplified permitting process for waste reclamation facilities. Some residual waste processing facilities that recover energy are subject to permit by rule rather than a formal permitting process. A general permit will be issued for the beneficial use of residual wastes other than coal ash. In some instances, coal ash can be beneficially used without a general permit. Some requirements of the municipal waste regulations are not appropriate for residual waste facilities located at the site of the generator.