If it is not, then the best way to move forward is to deregulate or not to regulate in the first place. However, the regulator would usually identify the need, and initiate and set the framework for the work. The regulator would also monitor the effectiveness of co-regulation and 'trouble shoot' problems that arose. The direction of the current EU review of communications directives is also moving towards this thinking. The industry finances a body to independently supervise the content and promotion of premium rate services.
Networks voluntarily submit themselves to enforcing a code of practice.
However, other bodies have also sprung up as a response to consumer demands or concerns. The Internet Watch Foundation emerged to counter widespread consumer concern about unsuitable material on the Internet. It is now acknowledged as an international leader. It must be remembered that self and co-regulation is not necessarily an easy option either for the industry or the regulator. To be effective self and co-regulation must be carried out in the right spirit.