In the interest of simplicity I am combining these into only one period, the Modern Period. In general, however, the period is negative and despairing. Not only were there now large metropolitan cities, but also factories and pollution and a downtrodden middle class who were exploited by the rich and powerful. Here is a list of concepts that describe typical modern literature. Isolation or alienation of the individual.
People seem alone, insecure, unsure of themselves.
They lack identity. Lack of communication . This term has become almost a cliche describing human relationships in this century. People don't really understand each other and they can't communicate clearly. Pessimism and despair .