Wind also influences the distribution of seed, diseases and insects, which can influence weed infestation. The turfgrass manager also has limited control over existing soil conditions. Soil factors influencing weed persistence and competitiveness includes soil texture , pH , fertility level, infiltration and percolation rate, aeration temperature and effects of various management practices on the soil. The impact of soil texture is indirect and affects moisture , temperature and aeration qualities of the soil. Weeds such as the sedges and rushes thrive in nearly water logged soils while annual bluegrass and bentgrasses do well in poorly drained , but not water logged soils.
Moisture also influences the following species.
Liverwort Prostrate knotweed Buckhorn plantain Soil fertility can affect the growth of certain weed species. Moss Annual bluegrass responds positively to high levels of soil phosphorus . Soil compaction leads to shallow rooting and low O 2 levels. In the early portion of the 20th-century it was basically the only weed management tool. The majority of the weeds presented in this course can be adequately managed through mowing and fertility.