They integrate the gross and microscopic studies of the mammalian systems. Investigating the Properties of Muscle and Skeletal Systems . Students study the gross and microscopic anatomy of vertebrate systems. A new section on the physiology of muscle uses physiogrip transducers connected to a computer to measure the properties of muscle, replacing the old exercise based on frogs. Investigating the Nervous and Sensory Systems .
Students learn the gross and microscopic anatomy of the mammalian brain, spinal cord, eye and ear.
Directions are included for measuring some of the properties of cones in human eyes and for measuring conduction velocity of the giant nerve fibers in an earthworm. Section 6 Ecological Biology Statistically Analyzing Simple Behaviors . Students collect data and use Chi-square statistics to analyze hypotheses regarding photactic, geotactic and chemotactic behavior in fruit flies. Estimating Population Size and Growth . Students estimate the sizes of theoretical populations using quadrat sampling and mark and recapture techniques, calculating experimental errors.