A domestic water system consists of a pump, a storage tank, distribution lines, and other devices, such as pressure gages and electrical switches, which allow the system to operate automatically. The tank contains water and air. As the tank fills with water, the air over the water becomes compressed. Water will continue to flow from the tank, without the use of the pump, until the pressure drops to a predetermined setting, usually 20 to 40 psi. At this point, a pressure switch closes the electrical circuit and starts another pumping cycle.
Proper design ensures that the system functions efficiently and effectively.
The entire pump is submerged in the well. Such pumps are cooled by well water passing by the motor casing and into the pump intake. Water enters the pump through an intake screen between the motor and the pump assembly, passes through the impellers and diffusers, and is pumped to the surface. The jet consists of pipe, a nozzle, and a venturi tube or throat. The pump forces some water through the nozzle and venturi tube, and the rest of the water to the water storage or distribution system.