Service learning has surged to the forefront in U.S. education reform. A grassroots movement, service learning became part of the bi-partisan National and Community Service Act of 1993. Because of this legislation, millions of dollars in federal grants have become available to local schools and community-based organizations to implement service learning programs. Service learning combines community service with learning activities. Its four components, preparation, action, reflection, and celebration provide a framework for successful programs.
Preparation consists of the learning activities that take place prior to the service itself.
Prior to their service experience, students must understand what is expected of them as well as what they can expect from the service project. Reflection enables students to critically think about their service experience. When students reflect on their experiences, they think about them, write about them, share them with others, and learn from them. The reflection time is a structured opportunity for students to learn from their experiences. It also provides closure to an ongoing activity.