Ethylenedibromide and parachloroethylene are also of concern, as they modify the products of accessory glands. Compounds with adverse affects on the hormone regulators may also act in an additive manner, where a composite of different chemicals are more toxic than the individual chemicals alone. There is a higher degree of concern for ovarian toxicity in females, since a woman produces a limited number of ova within a lifetime. In comparison, a normal and healthy male has an unlimited supply of sperm. Lindane, tomoxophan and hexachlor are hormone disruptors that are ovarian toxins.
Smoking is particularily hazardous to the female reproductive tract.
With an increase in a half a package of cigarettes a day, menopause occurs one and a half years earlier. Thus, the fertility of a female is drastically reduced due to the toxins in cigarettes. Perinatal toxicology Fetal toxicity is another effect of hormone disruptors. Hormone disruptors usually result in functional defects within the central nervous system, endocrine and immune systems. Due to the close interactions between the three systems, a defect in one system often shows a defect in the others.