Due to aspiration of meconium into the trachea and airways. Can result in a chemical pneumonitis and obstruction of peripheral airways due to the thick meconium. This obstruction of airways can result in a ball valve effect which may result in hyperinflation and pneumothorax. Produced by an inflammatory response due to volutrauma and high 02 concentrations. CXR is similar to multifocal emphysema.
Perforation is due to ischemic necrosis as a result of impaired blood flow to the bowel.
Results when intrapleural pressure is greater than atmospheric during expiration and often inspiration. Caused by disruption of visceral or parietal pleura which results in a one way valve effect. The end result is a reduced vital capacity and Pa02. Can be caused by mechanical ventilation. When air dissects out of alveoli and into the anterior mediastinum.