Until recently, there has been little awareness of the pervasiveness of IQ problems and their severe financial and operational costs to organizations. With the increasing dependence of organizations on the quality of information for managerial and operational decision-making, patching IQ potholes is no longer a viable approach. Systemic errors in information production lead to lost information. Large volumes of stored information make it difficult to access information in a reasonable time. Distributed heterogeneous systems lead to inconsistent definitions, formats, and values.
Nonnumeric information is difficult to index.
Automated content analysis across information collections is not yet available. As information consumers' tasks and the organizational environment change, the information that is relevant and useful changes. Easy access to information may conflict with requirements for security, privacy, and confidentiality. Lack of sufficient computing resources limits access. Computer , Vol.