More questions than answers. Despite the rhetoric, most global change research and policy ignores the vulnerable, so far. In this sense, vulnerability is something to be avoided, the opposite of coping capacity. We propose a vulnerability science, the development and application of techniques that integrate, scale and facilitate participation.
Vulnerability is a relative measure, everyone is vulnerable.
Structure and agency. The vulnerable are not passive, but their agency must be placed within the resource, social and economic structures that allocate resources, regulate the exchange economy and empower access to social and political processes. Complexity and constraints. Resource, social and economic constraints predominate. Adaptation and evolution .