Septicemia may lead to septic shock , the symptoms of which are tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension, and loss of mental acuity. Prolonged septic shock leads to renal failure, congestive heart failure, respiratory insufficiency, coma, and death. Diagnosis of cystitis is made by a cystoscopy . A cystoscope is inserted up the urethra to the bladder. The inside of the bladder is visually inspected.
Treatment usually involves antibiotics.
Physical abnormalities are repaired through surgery. In repeated cases, silver nitrate is inserted in the bladder to make the wall more resistant to future infection. Pyelonephritis is an infection of the kidney, often as a result of untreated or repeated cystitis.