Despite their benefits, wetlands have long been considered a nuisance. They have been drained or filled to make way for farming or development. In the 1860's, about 18.6 million of Minnesota's 53.6 million acres were wetland. Today, only half remain. Water quality Wetlands filter and absorb polluted surface water runoff before it enters lakes and rivers downstream.
Wetlands serve as holding areas for water.
During heavy rainfall, wetlands reduce flooding and soil erosion downstream. During drought, wetlands help maintain stream flows and may help recharge underground water supplies. Wetlands provide a permanent or seasonal home to fish and wildlife, including some threatened or endangered species. Education and recreation Many Minnesota school children visit wetlands to learn about the prairie ecology. Recreational benefits include fishing, hunting, bird-watching and hiking.