The health-professional program conducts surveys to assess the smoking habits of doctors and their attitudes and practices towards counseling patients against smoking. Marked differences in smoking habits appear in the cities under study. The women-targeted program addresses women of various ages to educate about tobacco risks plus effects regarding pregnancy, oral contraception, etc. In contrast to Genoa's initiatives, a survey carried out by E Boccoli, A Federici, GL Trianni and AS Melani, showed an increase in smoking of students from the School of Nursing in Florence from 1991-1994. The degree of dependence to nicotine increased.
Men are heavier smokers smoking stronger cigarettes.