The human nervous system is an extraordinary structure that is responsible for driving other systems of the body. It allows one s body to maintain homeostasis by regulating bodily activities involving internal organs. The basic functional unit of the nervous systems is the nerve cell or neuron.
Neuronal structure depends on what function it is specialized for.
While they contain some of the same organelles and carry out basic cellular processes, they also differ in many ways from non-neural cells. Neurons can be differentiated by the number of extensions that originate from the soma or neuron cell body. One type of neuron is the dorsal horn cell which resides in the dorsal root ganglion. While it functions as a basic neuron, it also differs in shape by being unipolar, which means it has one process that branches out from the cell body. There are three main parts to a neuron.