Authority is determined by the collaborators to balance ownership. Leadership is dispersed, and control is shared and mutual. All in successful collaborations share equal risk. Resources and rewards. Resources are pooled or jointly secured for a longer-term effort that is managed by the collaborative structure.
Organizations share in the products and in credit.
It goes without saying that more is accomplished jointly than could have been individually. There are many examples of successful collaborations, including the Bauhaus school, the Manhattan project, the Guarneri Quartet, the human genome project, the Disney studio, Xerox PARC, and the Harlem Renaissance. But even in the most productive collaborations there are challenges. Let me share with you the experiences of the TUG librarians. TUG stands for the TriUniversity Group of Libraries and is comprised of the University of Guelph, University of Waterloo, and Wilfrid Laurier University.