In the lower part of the wall, the bricks have actually been displaced, and rebuilding is required. The brickwork in the upper part can be repointed. Water is most often the cause of active and serious damage to masonry. One source is rain or snow, which can usually be traced to roof leaks, malfunctioning gutters and rainwater leaders. Rising damp can be controlled by improvements to the perimeter drain system, control of surface water close to the building, or by installation of a damp-proof course within the wall, a complicated procedure.
Wind erosion can occur with soft brick, stone and mortar in exposed locations.
Similar damage is caused by sandblasting, which is not an acceptable treatment for masonry. Chemical stripping is generally the best method for paint removal. Rebuilding of an elaborate chimney - the design of this chimney was recorded prior to dismantling, then carefully replicated using original or matching old brick and appropriate mortar and jointing style. Repair and maintenance procedures for masonry surfaces include rebuilding, repointing, cleaning and the application of proprietary coatings. Certainly, some repairs are essential.