This practice runs contrary to current health-based recommendations. Therefore, a decision to include animal protein in the diet should be seen as a last resort and made in consultation with the herd veterinarian. Tail-biting has been described as a discomfort syndrome. Anything that makes pigs uncomfortable may contribute to the development of tail-biting. The list of items which may be involved includes, but certainly is not limited to, cool temperatures, drafts, hot temperatures, high ammonia levels, excessive noise, overcrowding, large group sizes, large variation in pig weights, poor pen layout or use pattern, poor feeder or drinker design or management, and wet conditions.
Most managers recognize that ventilation management is involved in controlling tail-biting.
This management usually extends to keeping ammonia levels down and maintaining temperature within recommended levels. Control of humidity, drafts, and noise within barns is less frequently emphasized. Managers should pay attention to their pens and ensure that a comfortable environment is being provided. This attention often begins by ensuring a distinct, dry, and quiet sleeping area. In most cases, it is not possible to define the best group size, degree of crowding, level of draft or even the temperature which will be adequate to prevent tail-biting.