Each computer on the network is used as an input workstation and is equal to all other computers on the network. This arrangement is generally used in small offices and is simple and cheap without a need for a dedicated fileserver computer, a cabling 'hub' and dedicated network operating system software. The fileserver usually acts to control network printing, provide file security, host application software and be the central repository for practice data. The fileserver commonly includes a backup tape unit for data security and is attached by cable to a 'hub'. The hub acts as a gateway into and out of a fileserver, receiving and retransmitting signals over the network.
Most small practices require only a single fileserver computer.
It is possible, however, for a small network to have other dedicated server computers attached. These 'subsidiary' servers distribute the processing load of the network and make the network run more efficiently. The main criteria in choosing the location of printers in the office is space and proximity to the users. The cost of a few laser network printers is ultimately lower than each secretary having their own printer. Small personal printers often deliver an inferior quality, are slower and have fewer paper handling functions.