Allow a hunt for a limited number of lions each year, reducing the lion population. Costs are fairly minimal. Hunters can pay for the opportunity to hunt a lion, covering most of the costs, other than the costs of enforcing the limited hunt. Increasing the survival of adults. Survival of adults can be improved based on tests with other species.
Poachers kill a large number of adults for their value in foreign markets.
Hooves, tails, and bones are used as components of medicines. Heads are valued as trophies. Reducing the levels of poaching would increase adult survival. Older adults are not desireable to the poachers. Poaching can be reduced through the use of armed game wardens protecting the herds at all times.