Average January temperature is 28 degrees F., average July temperature is 71 degrees F., and average annual temperature is 48 to 52 degrees F. Frost-free season is about 130 to 180 days. These are the Esquatzel , Gravden , Mikkalo , Ritzcal , and Willis soils. Esquatzel soils are on bottomlands and have irregular distribution of organic matter. Gravden soils are on terraces and are loamy-skeletal and have a duripan. Mikkalo soils are on uplands and are 20 to 40 inches deep to bedrock.
Ritzcal soils are on uplands and are calcareous throughout.
Willis soils are on terraces and have a lime-silica duripan at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Native vegetation is bluebunch wheatgrass, Sandberg bluegrass, Wyoming big sagebrush, and yarrow. Series is extensive. Franklin County, Washington, 1914. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are a mollic epipedon from the surface to 18 inches, a cambic horizon from 18 to 36 inches, and a zone of lime accumulation with less than 15 percent calcium carbonate from 36 to 43 inches.