A skin biopsy can be analyzed to determine if the quantity or quality of type 1 collagen is abnormal. Approximately 10 to 15 percent of individuals with mild OI who have collagen testing, and approximately 5 percent of those who have genetic testing, test negative for OI despite having the disorder. OI can be prenatally diagnosed in some cases. Type II OI is identifiable by 14 to 16 weeks gestation, and Type III OI by 16 to 18 weeks gestation. Currently, OI is treated primarily by managing fractures and promoting as much mobility and independence as possible.
Prolonged immobility can further weaken bones and lead to muscle loss, weakness, and more fractures.
Many orthopedists prefer to treat fractures with short-term immobilization in lightweight casts, splints, or braces to allow some movement as soon as possible after the fracture. Physical Therapy and Exercise . Physical therapy should begin as soon as it is evident that an infant has muscle weakness or motor skill delay when compared with same-age peers, and continue until a child reaches appropriate physical therapy goals. Occupational therapy can help with fine motor skills and adaptive equipment for daily living. As a child with OI grows older and gains more independence, he or she will benefit from continued physical activity, such as adapted physical education.