And so the patterns observed in the spectrum of quarks, leptons, and gauge bosons may be indications that these are made up of other particles. However, so far there's no evidence that this is the case, and no indication of what these smaller particles might be like. So these particles, as far as we now know, are made up of nothing smaller. You're familiar with the idea of electric charge. Electric charge is what makes balloons stick to the wall after you rub them against your hair, what makes the cellophane wrapper on a CD so hard to throw away, what makes doorknobs shock you in the winter, and so on.
Opposite charges attract each other, while like charges repel each other.
Anyway, most of the particles above have electric charge. The only ones that don't are the neutrinos. This is important, because electric charge is the whole basis for electromagnetism. Neutrinos, because they have no electric charge, are completely unaffected by electromagnetic forces. The quarks have a property which is called color.