It puts emphasis on other factors than the individual. It demands attention for the conditions that make it impossible that people even think about individual risks. Introducing testing as THE means to prevent people to get HIV-infected is like demanding from people in such situations to become like the believes in testing, who make such a big effort in promoting it. It almost implies colonisation of the mind. They might feel empowered if they would have been to the right school in California, but not if you come from Klong Toey, Phnom Penh or a slum in Surabaya.
Science is supposed to be a tool to learn something about reality.
I am a medical doctor and at the same time a medical anthropologist. In medicine we learn to concentrate on the biological factors because the social realities are so confusing. This all belongs to the area of disturbing factors and we should not thank doctors for getting rid of tuberculosis, but politicians, action groups and voluntary organisations who have been fighting to improve the conditions that are really decisive about health or disease. We could have shared our experiences in this discussion instead of exchanging impressions about Mongolia. Since children are conceived all over the country, testing needs to be available and trusted all over the country.