If bone resorption exceeds bone formation, bone density decreases and bone weakens and breaks. If bone formation surpasses bone resorption, bone becomes disorganized and may cause deformity or pain. All in all, the balance is fairly stable, but severe imbalances do occur. Genetics and Bone Several genetic factors influence bone health and strength. Ethnic populations have different standards for normal, but generally Caucasians and Asians have lower bone density than Africans and African-Americans.
Smaller adults have lower bone density than larger adults.
Nutrition, Activity, Lifestyle and Bone Numerous nutritional issues impact bone health. The most important issue is calcium intake. Calcium is necessary for bone growth and strength. Calcium balance is maintained in the body by a number of hormones, but one requirement is that enough new calcium enters the body from food. The amount of calcium needed changes throughout life.