A group of protein molecules called adhesions located on the bacterial cell surfaces recognize and link to the pellicle glycoproteins promoting attachment of specific bacteria with the initial colonization of the pellicle, plaque is formed. This initially formed plaque is known as immature plaque. Immature plaque is generally lighter in color, less adherent and less potentially pathogenic. As plaque matures it increases in mass and thickness. Its microbiologic composition also changes.
Mature plaque is potentially more pathogenic.
These are conditions that favor plaque accumulation and hinder plaque removal by the patient and the dental professional. It is important that the patient be adequately educated in the cause and progression of periodontal diseases. Patients need to understand the importance of brushing and flossing and the need to remove plaque and calculus to maintain the health of their teeth and gums. Disclosing agents can be a very useful tool in showing patients where the plaque is and how it can be effectively removed. The educational aspect is as important as the technical skills and this must be communicated to the patient.