Clubfoot may or may not be present in children with these disorders. Teratologic clubfoot often is severe and nearly always requires early, radical surgery to achieve correction. Syndrome Complex clubfoot occurs when a child is born with one of a number of genetic disorders, and clubfoot is part of the bigger disorder. Children with chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome may also have Syndrome Complex clubfoot. A small uterus, the presence of twins and abnormal fetal position have all been associated with positional clubfoot, although many such pregnancies result in babies without clubfoot.
Positional clubfoot responds readily to non-surgical treatments, such as splinting and casting.