Springboard exercises may cause knee problems like Osgood-Schlatter disease , or Jumper's knee. Football Head and neck injuries include intracranial hemorrhage, cervical spine fractures and dislocations and quadriplegia. These injuries are now less common due to improve helmet design and the 1976 ban on spearing - using the helmet to deliberately ram an oppponent. Lumbar spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occurs due to pars interarticularis injury occurs. This is often a form of stress fracture .
Shoulder separation is common with falls on the shoulder.
Finger fractures and dislocations are common. Golf Back pain is common with golf. The best way to prevent this is to learn proper swing atechnique and to have proper conditioning and warmup before a game. Golf elbow and tennis elbow occur frequently in golfers who have not developed a smooth and balanced swing, grip the club too hard, or hit the ground frequently. Gymnastics Spondylolysis occurs frequently in female gymnasts, due to the hyperextended position required in gymnastic routines, e.g. back walk-overs.