The haptoglobin bound hemoglobin complex is removed rapidly by the reticuloendothelial system and metabolized to free amino acids and iron in just a few hours. Low levels are associated with extensive hemolysis, extensive liver damage, infectious mononucleosis, and megaloblastic anemia.
Neonates generally have no haptoglobin.
Ahaptoglobinemia persists in a rare, genetic condition. The mechanism of iron conservation is unknown for these individuals. Excessive hemolysis, chylous serum.