When reshaping shrubs, cut back to beds or branches growing away from the center of the plant. Cut about one-forth inch above the bud and downward at about a 45 o . Water sprouts grow parallel to the trunk from branches. Root sprouts arise near the trunk at the ground. Water sprouts and root sprouts should be removed as soon as they occur.
Water sprouts are common to fruit tree types.
By studying bud position and vigor, we can control the growth of any tree or shrub. To direct a branch in another direction, cut back to a vigorous bud or branch. Smaller, less vigorous buds and twigs will not control growth. In general, cut back to buds or branches facing away from the leader or center of the plant. Also, low-hanging branch parts can be cut back flush to their point of attachment.