Western Upland breeding birds are usually associated with medium-aged Southern Deciduous Forest and mature Lowland Deciduous Forest. Central Plain and Northern Highland birds are typically recorded in mature Northern Hardwood Forest, Deciduous Clear Cut, and mixed coniferous-deciduous forest. In the Jack Pine Barren regions of the Central Plain, breeding pairs are usually associated with deciduous habitats along streams rather than jack pines. Regular migrant and nesting species. Confirmed nesting has been documented in St. Croix and Douglas counties with inferred nesting elsewhere.
Relative abundance increases markedly north of that zone.
The eastern wood pewee is characteristic of mature deciduous forest. In the Western Upland, breeding pairs are generally associated with mature Lowland Deciduous Forest and occasionally with mature Southern Deciduous Forest. Central Plain and Northern Highland populations are apparently most numerous in mature Northern Hardwood Forest. Regular migrant and nesting species. The olive-sided flycatcher is among the latest arriving songbirds.