Constant scratching can also cause the skin to split, leaving it prone to infection. Treatments include emollients to maintain skin hydration and steroids to reduce inflammation. Allergic contact dermatitis Develops when the body s immune system reacts against a substance in contact with the skin. The allergic reaction often develops over a period of time through repeated contact with the substance. For example, an allergic reaction may occur to nickel, which is often found in earrings, belt buckles and jeans buttons.
Reactions can also occur after contact with other substances such as perfumes and rubber.
In order to prevent repeated reactions it is best to prevent contact with anything that you know causes a rash. This is a type of eczema caused by frequent contact with everyday substances, such as detergents and chemicals, which are irritating to the skin. It most commonly occurs on the hands of adults and can be prevented by avoiding the irritants and keeping the skin moisturised. A common condition affecting babies under one year old, the exact cause of which is unknown. Also referred to as cradle cap, it usually starts on the scalp or the nappy area and quickly spreads.