Treatment for nitrate is, therefore, very complicated and expensive. However, only water used for drinking and cooking needs to be treated. Demineralization Demineralization removes nitrate and all other minerals from the water. Distillation is one of the most effective types of demineralization. The nitrate and other minerals remain concentrated in the boiling tank.
Reverse osmosis is another way to demineralize water.
In a reverse osmosis system, the water is put under pressure and forced through a membrane that filters out minerals and nitrate. Both of these demineralization systems require a lot of energy to operate efficiently. They are also low-yield systems, and storage space for treated water is required. The second type of water treatment for nitrate contamination is ion exchange, the same process used for water softening. Most often chloride is exchanged for nitrate.