For the most part, if a person is disabled for six months, the probability is that the person will be disabled for 4-5 years or longer. At present, only four states and one territory cover their employees with disability benefits for injuries and illnesses occurring outside the workplace - California, New York, Hawaii, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Puerto Rico. All states generally offer Workman's Compensation benefits that will provide some level of benefits for injuries sustained on the job. But unfortunately, most disabilities occur outside the workplace. The federal government through the Social Security Administration provides long-term disability benefits.
Some employers do offer some form of disability insurance for their employees.
However, you should check the type of coverage from your employer very carefully. The employer's policy may not be just what your need. In this case, you will probably want to supplement the employer's policy with an individual policy of your own. If a policy is not offered to you at your place of employment, and most aren't, then you need to look into getting your own private disability policy to cover you sufficiently. This period may vary.