It does interfere with night vision, but not as much as shorter wavelength colors, so it is usually a good compromise between penetration and visibility. This is why automobile fog lights are typically yellow. Green light is right in the middle of the visible light spectrum. The human eye is the MOST sensitive to green light. It doesn't penetrate very well though, and it most certainly obliterates night vision.
Turquoise light is a combination of green and blue as orange is a combination of red and yellow.
Only violet is higher up. The human eye is not terribly sensitive to blue, but it is an attention catching color because there isn't a lot of blue light in the typical night environment. This is why emergency vehicles are using blue in their light-bars more and more. Red, which penetrates better, makes more sense, but the night environment, especially in urban areas, is filled with red light, so blue becomes more of an attention grabber. As one might expect, blue light obliterates night vision even more than does green.