It is not recommended that you substitute flavor extracts for flavor oils. Oil based flavorings are necessary for hard candies because the liquid portion of the extracts add too much liquid, causing steam, to the hard candy syrup. Substitute self rising flour minus the salt and baking powder in quick bread recipes for all-purpose flour. 1 cup plus 2 tablespoons cake flour can be substituted for 1 cup all-purpose flour. Herbs 1 tablespoon fresh herbs equals 1 teaspoon dried herbs.
Whole milk is higher in total fat than low-fat milk.
Be cautious about substituting skim milk in pudding, custard and sauce recipes. These recipes rely on the dairy fat for added texture and flavor. Baked items such as cakes and cookies can usually tolerate the use of low-fat milk. Molasses 1 cup honey can be substituted for 1 cup molasses. 1 cup light molasses can be substituted for 1 cup dark molasses.