Throttling pintle nozzle coking produces noise and emissions. ACB cleans up prior coke deposits and prevents new coke deposits. ACB also reduces varnish formation. In a cold engine with low intake air pressure, a long ignition delay causes difficult starting, misfiring and incomplete combustion. Incomplete combustion causes power loss and produces white smoke.
White smoke is evidence of unburned or partially burned fuel.
It occurs after starting a cold engine, during idling or other cold-engine operations. By reducing ignition delay, ACB improves cold starting characteristics by reducing the time required to start the engine and the time required to establish smooth engine operation. ACB also allows engines to start at lower temperatures than they can with non-ACB treated fuels. By shortening the ignition delay, ACB helps fuel burn more completely, reducing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions. ACB may also reduce NOx and particulate emissions.