In most oligo- and polysaccharides, glucose is cyclized in the pyranose form. A six-membered ring is a pyranose form. O at the anomeric carbon. O at the anomeric position. Derivative carbohydrates differ from monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides in that they contain elements other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Many sugar phosphates are important intermediates in photosynthetic and respiratory metabolism.
Amino sugars are another important group of derivative carbohydrates in bacterial cell walls. Chitin is a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine and is present in the exoskeleton of insects. These derivative carbohydrates you will see again as we discuss metabolism further in the course. Figure 12.18 from textbook. Shown above are some disaccharide structures.