Because it is not chemically bound to the plastic in the intravenous bag or tubing, DEHP migrates into the solution it contains. DEHP has been identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as a probable human carcinogen. Scientific research has also shown that it may damage the heart, liver, testes, and kidneys, as well as interfere with sperm production. Toys containing PVC have been criticized by Greenpeace and other organizations as dangerous to the health of children. More than 500 million IV bags are used annually in the United States to treat sick and injured patients, including premature infants, AIDS patients, and the chronically ill.
Most patients absorb doses many times lower.