Other cases appear spontaneously without a family history. In this condition, many of the bony sutures of the skull close prematurely, giving the head a distorted shape. The face is peculiar looking and full-length webbing or fusion may occur between the 2nd, 3rd and 4th fingers, as well as the toes. The bones in the hands and feet become progressively fused, reducing flexibility and function. Genetic counseling may be of value to prospective parents.
Prenatal diagnosis is available.
A skull X-ray that demonstrates premature closure and a clinical exam confirm the diagnosis. The prognosis varies from child to child. Syndactyly is seen commonly between the 2nd and 3rd toes, and is usually associated with a syndrome.