If this theory holds true, it has the potential to explain the development of several of these related diseases, from IC, IBS, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's, to allergies, asthma, sensitive skin and fibromyalgia. Once substances are allowed to cross over, this sets up a chain reaction which could explain the involvement of mast cells, neurohormones, nerve fibers and pain regulators. Also, it has been established that pelvic floor dysfunction seems to co-exist in some IC and vulvodynia patients, adding to the intensity of symptoms experienced with these diseases and making treatment more difficult. It may be that several different contributing factors or processes are occurring simultaneously in some IC patients. This helps to explain why some IC patients experience a vast array of symptoms beyond the bladder.
Research continues to study the involvement of neural, immune and endocrine systems.
Susan Keay, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases at the University of Maryland, has been involved in IC research for several years. However, it is important to establish whether an association exists between IC and any other disorder clinically, since research into one may help us to understand more about the etiology of the other. Many practitioners may overlook the possible involvement of systems outside of their specialty, missing the forest for the trees. Currently, there are a few urologists who are developing multi-modal approaches to treating IC and related diseases. These physicians work in conjunction with other specialists in related fields of medicine to provide wide-ranging treatment strategies for patients' varying symptoms.