Ethnicity also plays a role in what the family teaches. Li-chen Ma and Kevin Smith tested Kohn's hypothesis in Taiwan using working and middle class Taiwanese families. Chinese cultures have a strong history of Confucianism underlying values and norms. Ma and Smith found obedience and duty to parents were about equally emphasized by both working class and middle class Taiwanese families, most likely because Confucianism emphasizes obedience. But they did find the same differences in how Taiwanese parents of the two classes rewarded and punished that Kohn had observed in U. S. families.
Socialization is an on-going process.
As we mature, we become exposed to more and more input from other agents of socialization, particularly schools and peers and mass media. The input from one agent of socialization can modify the inputs of others. Many of us also experience re-socialization. Many of these use techniques such as those suggested by Skinner and Watson to re-shape behavior by punishing the old behavior and rewarding the desired behavior. But there are also less drastic forms of re-socialization.