It is thought to be a genetically determined failing of the Central Nervous System. Mixed Sleep Apnea is considered a combination of the two, when absence of respiration is followed by an obstructive episode. Treatment can include recommendations to lose weight, avoid stimulants prior to bedtime, etc. This is a mechanical devise, a mask combined with a pump which provides continuous air flow thus preventing collapse of the airway. The success of this method of treatment is largely dependent on the ability of the individual to adjust to the mask and the noise of the related equipment.
Surgical treatment is a consideration in some of the more severe cases.
One form of treatment is tracheotomy which involves placing a tube into the airway below the area of obstruction. However, this method of treatment has not met with a great deal of acceptance by patients. Predisposing factors are male gender and post-menopausal females, obesity, substance abuse, and older age.