Personality changes can occur, including irritability, insomnia, psychosis, and depression. These drugs are not useful in maintenance therapy due to the above limitations. Antibiotic therapy can also be effective against many of the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease. These too have serious side effects. It too can have major side effects, mostly associated with its infusion, but it can be effective against Crohn's disease that has been unsuccessfully treated with other drugs.
Researchers continue to look for more effective treatments.
TNF may be responsible for the inflammation of Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF is a substance that finds TNF in the bloodstream, binds to it, and removes it before it can reach the intestines and cause inflammation. In studies, anti-TNF seems particularly helpful in closing fistulas. Researchers are now studying the effectiveness of synthetic IL-10 in treating Crohn's disease. Researchers recently identified a new corticosteroid called budesonide that appears to be as effective as other corticosteroids but causes fewer side effects.