High vacuum signals are indicative of low engine loads at a closed or nearly closed throttle position. This is accomplished by tapping the vacuum for the advance system above the throttle plate. Excessive vacuum advance results in part throttle ping and a loss in mpg. Insufficient vacuum advance results in poor part-throttle response and a loss in mpg. Notice both insufficient as well as excessive vacuum advance results in a driveability problem and a reduction in mpg.
Many drivers try to correct the part-throttle ping by purchasing higher octane fuels.
This may correct the part-throttle problem, but basic, wide open, and near wide open throttle positions will have excessively advanced or retarded timing. This could result in an extremely hot combustion chamber temperature and long term, severe engine damage may result. Worn cylinders, cracked piston rings, burned valves, worn valve guides, damaged piston ring lands, or holes in pistons are some of the possible long term engine damages that may occur with excessively advanced static timing. Again, owners may compensate for the pinging noises by purchasing higher octane fuel. The result is the same, lower mpg and wasted energy.