For citizens of many countries, the answer is yes. While You Are Outside The United States for full details. You may apply for benefits at your nearest U.S. consular office or U.S. embassy . For additional assistance with Social Security services outside of the U.S., see Leaving the U.S. I will be working in the United States as a temporary worker. If you have INS temporary work status, and are not employed by an international company, for example, then yes, you will have to pay social security taxes at your place of work.
Many countries have reciprocal agreements with the U.S. when it comes to social security.
If you are transferred from your country to work for the same employer in the U.S. for less than 5 years, and your country has a reciprocal treaty with the U.S., then you might not have to pay social security taxes. However, applicable taxes from your home country would be deducted from your wages, just as though you were stilling working at home, and your employer generally has to make the arrangements on your behalf. For more details, see Treaties Avoiding Dual Social Security Taxation. I am nearing retirement age. You must have worked legally in the U.S. for a total of 10 years, and earned 40 credits.