They explode into major problems when the factors that normally keep them under control are limited or missing. By recognizing the needs and abilities of a pest, and by designing a system that works against its preferences, producers can reduce pest numbers and pest-inflicted damage. Md. To control any individual organism, one needs to understand how it relates to the ecosystem in which it operates. A beneficial stinkbug preys on a Colorado potato beetle larva, helping this potato plant retain leaves. Photo by Eleanor Groden.
Many pests have impressive abilities to reproduce often and disperse widely.
Although these pests may face competition from other organisms or attacks by enemies, they thrive by rapidly colonizing new habitats before their competitors or antagonists arrive. Summer annual weeds such as redroot pigweed, insect pests such as aphids and many diseases share such characteristics. Better adapted to the difficulties of competition and to withstanding attacks by their enemies, they thrive in long-term perennial systems. These pests, such as perennial weeds, often live for a long time. Pests like the soybean cyst nematode go through dormant stages and wait for the right opportunity to establish.