The approach to treatment is to reduce the pressure at the lower esophageal sphincter. This may be achieved by manipulating the lower esophagus sphincter by special instruments.
Therapy is usually with dilation of the lower sphincter or by injection with botulinum toxin.
Medications such as long-acting nitrates or calcium channel blockers can also be used to lower the pressure at the lower esophagus sphincter. Prognosis Surgical outcomes are good whereas dilations often result in only temporary improvement in symptoms. Achalasia Please read this Important notice .