The longer products are in the leaching baths the more latex proteins, which trigger the reactions, are removed. Cheaper gloves have spent less time in the leaching baths, and have a high allergy content. Allergic individuals have more problems with powdered gloves than non-powdered because cornstarch absorbs the natural latex proteins and aerosolizes them. This is important especially if you have a patient with prominent respiratory symptoms. Endotoxin, which is produced by gram-negative bacteria, can contribute to a reaction.
Sensitized patients have specific natural rubber IgE receptors on the surface of mast cells.
When these are cross-linked by the latex proteins, they produce a cascade of events in the mast cell that results in degranulation. Route of exposure Route of exposure may be important, spina bifida patients are primarily exposed during surgery or catheterization, so their mucosa are exposed, where as HCWs are exposed through the cutaneous route by wearing gloves. Cutaneous exposure, such as when wearing gloves, usually results in urticaria, dermatitis and pruritus. Airborne exposure can result in rhinitis, conjunctivitis and asthma. Mucosal exposure, which occurs during surgery, can result in systemic reactions like anaphylaxis.