Neutral compound at physiological pH. Inhibits the activity of the peptidyltransferase, leads to ribosome binding to mRNA and translocating along it without making protein. Antagonizes aminoglycosides by releasing the nonsense proteins being synthesized under the influence of the aminoglycosides. Plasmid-mediated chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. Neutral at pH 7, orally active, competitive inhibition with chloramphenicol and clindamycin. Know principles of antimycobacteria therapy.
Resistance arises when used as a single agent.
Point mutation in RNA-polymerase. Ethambutol Structural analog of polyamines. Only active against mycobacteria. Only active against rapidly dividing cells. Para-aminosalicylic Acid PABA analog.