Within each science discipline, the cognitive framework is presented, followed by subsequent elaboration and detail. The cognitive framework is the reference point for each subsequent lesson. Classification serves as the primary cognitive organizational tool. An understanding of the interrelationships within the science discipline is emphasized. As observation of nature is the starting point, it is also the ending point, illustrating this interrelationship.
Science provides a knowledge for understanding the world.
As society becomes increasingly complex and technological, science knowledge serves as a reference point and anchor that secures the abstractions of modern society. While the need for science education has increased, research indicates that, on average, twenty minutes per week is allocated for science education in the elementary years. While instructional time dedicated to science increases in the middle and high school years, decline in female participation is well documented during the same time frame. National projections suggest that more than half of America's jobs will already have a scientific or technological base in the year 2000. Societal needs are not being matched by educational achievement.