Unless the jumper cables are quite long, an OTDR won't help at all. Within the fiber optic link, the most likely component to fail is the LED or laser transmitter, since it is the most highly stressed component in the link. Lasers are feedback stabilized to maintain a constant output power, so they tend to fail all at once. LEDs will drop in power output as they age, but the time frame is quite long, 100K to 1 million hours. If there is no power at the receiver, the next place to check should be the transmitter LED or laser, just to isolate the problem to either the transmitter or the cable plant.
Receivers are low stressed devices and highly reliable.
But the electronics behind them can fail. If there is receiver power but no communications, a loopback test to see if the receiver is working is the best test of its status. Summary Fiber optic networks are tested in a similar manner to any other network, but require specialized FO test equipment. Care must be taken to keep all components clean, since dirt on any opticalsurface will cause loss. Improper connections are one of the major problems.