12 Contagious reproductive diseases are not a common problem in goats. Brucellosis caused by B. melitensis is not found in the United States although it is a problem in other parts of the world. Goats are resistant to Brucella abortus, the brucellosis of cows and it is not a problem. Enzootic abortion, a chlamydial infection, occurs in California and causes abortions. Characteristically 80 percent of abortions occur in first and second fresheners and 3 to 4 weeks before normal kidding.
Natural immunity develops and vaccination programs are effective in problem areas.
The pregnant doe should have a 60 day dry period prior to kidding and should be gaining in condition for the last month before kidding without fattening. Nutrition must be carefully managed to provide the necessary nutrients balanced so that no metabolic disorders such as ketosis and milk fever may occur. Attendance at kidding is life saving and cleanliness is very important. The fetus acquires the capacity for extrauterine life only shortly before term, and may die in utero if parturition is unduly delayed. As kidding time approaches, the udder rapidly enlarges, the pelvic ligaments relax around the tail head, and the vulva becomes greatly enlarged.