Crop residues are highly valued in this system, and stubble is generally incorporated rather than burned. Many variations in rice culture can be found among organic growers. Most organic rice systems require a fallow season in one out of two or three years to break weed cycles by tillage or other means. Organic rice in fallow rotation can sustain fairly high annual yields, but average yields over time are less than for other rice systems because of the fallow year. If continuous organic rice is produced yields generally decline in successive years due to the buildup of pest populations, especially weeds.
Organic rice is sold through specialized markets at a higher price compared to conventional rice.
Reasons for growing organic rice include the price premium, reduction of off-farm inputs, and a philosophical desire to be in concert with the natural environment. In 1969, rice growers organized the California Comprehensive Rice Research Program, which is administered by the Rice Research Board through the California Department of Food and Agriculture. The rapid adoption of new technology has made it possible for California rice growers to remain competitive in domestic and international markets, while facing increased costs and complying with rigorous air and water quality standards. These birds migrate from their northern breeding grounds in Canada and Alaska, and may stay in the valley for a few weeks or a few months. The Sacramento Valley has long been an important habitat for migrating geese and ducks.