Perspectives to Understand Risks in the Electronic Industry IEEE Transaction on Copmonents Packaging and Manufacturing Technology Part A, Vol. THe risks can be broadly grouped into four categories. Technological risks typically arise from the potential inability to meet design function over any of part to the life cycle, or from difficulties in manufacturing to consistently high quality standards, leading to problems of reliability, quality, and safety. Societal risks consider factors such as environmental hazards and life style changes, and is generally difficult to quantify in terms of economic or engineering units.
National risks focus on matters of national economic and military well-being.