The first 10 galleries are devoted to highlight the natural heritage of Bangladesh, which introduces the country as well as, its luxuriant flora and fauna, rocks and minerals. Natural History Department primarily deals with natural heritage of the country as nature plays a very important role in man's life and culture. The aims and objectives of the department are to increase public awareness for environment and environmental protection against the risk of uncontrolled and unrestrained industrialization, the gradual decreasing of the forest area and to promote public opinion for conservation of nature and natural resources through exhibitions, seminars and symposia.
Natural history specimens preserved in the museum serve as a great reference library.