The meninges are layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord.
Most cases occur in children under five years, but the disease can strike at any age.
The extremely young and old are at highest risk for long term brain damage. Bacteria, a virus, protozoa, yeast, or fungus can cause meningitis. The disease may begin with a respiratory illness or sore throat. Meningitis can progress very rapidly. In infants, the fontanel may bulge, and the child may have a continuous shrill cry.