In most cases, trees that do not interfere with the crown of a selected crop tree do not need to be removed. They are useful for promoting a multi-layered effect that is desirable for some birds. As crop trees are released, more light is able to reach into the understory. This promotes the rapid development of ground vegetation and adds more wildlife cover and browse to the woodland. Trees that are cut can be piled to create hiding places for rabbits and other wildlife.
Most woodlands contain snags and den trees.
Over 38 species of birds and 29 species of mammals use broken trees and tree cavities for nesting, food and shelter. It is beneficial to leave den trees and snags scattered through a woodland, especially along the edges. The practice has little affect on woodland productivity and it greatly enhances the area for wildlife. Extending timber harvest ages to 100-150 years may increase numbers of snags and den trees. Leave active den trees and snags in the woodland as long as possible and create den trees and snags by killing trees and leaving them stand.