Sometimes, the cause of infertility can be traced to past infections or inflammation that left scarring or adhesions. This condition can often be surgically corrected to improve fertility. Endometriosis, fibroids, and other uterine or tubal problems can also be treated with surgical techniques. In many cases, surgery may be all that is needed to restore a couple's fertility. However, these procedures are frequently part of a more comprehensive approach and may be utilized in conjunction with other therapies.
Varicoceles are one of the most common factors accounting for poor semen quality.
Fortunately, this cause of male infertility is also the most surgically correctable. Surgical correction is usually recommended for an infertile man only when abnormalities in semen quality cannot be explained by other causes. This vasectomy reversal, which repairs a surgically-removed section of the vas deferens, is called a vasovasostomy. This is a fairly quick operation, usually lasting less than 3 hours. Surgical correction of other vasal blockages, such as those caused by infection, is also often successful in restoring fertility.