The shroud image has the quality of a photographic negative. The following image is a black and white photo of the face of the man of the shroud. After Secondo Pia, an Italian photographer, took the first photo of the shroud he took his large negative plate to his dark room. He was amazed at what he saw but did not understand what had happened. No one to this day has answered this question.
Photographs have sharp edges and the shroud image has tapered edges.
Photographs are two dimensional, and the shroud image has three-dimensional qualities. The microscopic structure of the image fibers tells us that this is not a painting. The microscopic study of the shroud image fibers at 64x magnification over the nose demonstrates that there is no debris on or in between the fibers, as you would find with paint. The microscopic study at a blood area over the chest wound at 32X magnification demonstrates that there is debris in between the fibers. At the microscopic level, we see that the blood marks were entirely different from the areas over the image.