The formation and maturation of megakaryocytes is a complex differentiation process called megakaryocytopoiesis. After exit from the amplification compartment, the progenitor cell becomes recognizable as a mature megakaryocyte. Following completion of cytoplasmic maturation, the cytoplasm then fragments into platelets. Megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet production have been demonstrated to be under homeostatic control. An increase in DNA content along with an increase in size of the megakaryocyte is associated with the recovery from the thrombocytopenia.
Megakaryocytes are very important cells because they differentiate into blood platelets.
The differentiation and proliferation of megakaryocytes are the two most researched areas of these cells. Even though extensive research has been done since these cells were first identified, there is still much to be studied. References Broxmeyer, H.E. 1982. Hematopoietic Stem Cells. S. Trubowitz and S. Davis, editors.