Most scientists are honest.
Look around the room, most of us are trying to do the right thing. In 1983 it was discovered that over 100 peer reviewed papers were made using fabricated experiments Results internally consistent and plausible, very difficult to detect Robert Slutsky Medical researcher UC San Diego One paper every 10 days 1986 discovered he did not do the experiments Steven Breuning University of Pittsburgh Results lead to new drug treatments of mentally retarded in many states 1987, many of the experiments never done Breuning indicted on criminal charges Office of Research Integrity findings of scientific misconduct 13 cases in 1999 on web Types of misconduct Fraud versus misconduct Fabrication of data Making it up Falsification of data Improper adjustments to results Selective statistics Dishonesty in reporting results Negligence in collecting or reporting Plagiarism Willful, or unintentional, us of another persons ideas, results, methods, images, or concepts without giving the proper credit. In 1980's, Stephen Breuning claimed certain phycoactive drugs safer and more effective than widely used tranquilizers for treatment of mentally retarded. Many states began new drug treatments. Three years later, found that many of his published experiments not carried out.