Preserve a satisfactory self-image. Coping Kenneth Pargament Model 1. Personal appraisal of events key. Personal attributes focus. Religion affects personal attributions 4.
Religion is a cognitive coping technique.
Religion implies trust 6. Behavior responses include prayer, problem-focused coping, and positive action. Coping Alexander Leighton s Model 1. The Life Arc. Personality as holistic, dynamic phenomenon that extends from birth to death.