In view of the difficulties of access, use of modern technology is limited to a few entrepreneurial farmers. The overall conditions appear to be extremely discouraging regarding both farm productivity and the conditions of natural resources in areas with poor access. Second, regarding those areas with improved access, it can be seen that the improvement in access has had a far-reaching impact on natural resources and farming systems. The general effects are the introduction of market-based inputs, commercialization of agriculture, and strengthening of the privatization of resources wherever possible. Improved access has also facilitated the introduction of improved technologies for crops, horticulture, livestock, and even agroforestry to some extent.
Production is less for farmers' own consumption and more for distant markets.
Dependence on external inputs and knowledge increases rapidly. If support services are relatively well organized to take advantage of comparative advantages and improved technology, switches from traditional crops to new market-based crops are rapid and very lucrative. Farmers also find it relatively more profitable to buy food grains and focus on the most suitable high-value crops. This type of change appears to be economically very desirable from the point of view of the farmer. There are instances of adverse environmental effects arising out of excessive use and misuse of mineral and chemical inputs.