Commitment to objectives is both a motivator and a function of the rewards of achievement. Under proper conditions, workers accept and seek responsibility. The capacity to exercise a relatively high degree of ingenuity and creativity is widely distributed in the population. The intellectual potentialities of most people are only partially utilized by modern organizations. Info is often inadequate for employee needs.
Upward communication is limited.
Thus, grapevine is important. Subordinated mistrust and fear management. Most decisions made by top management are based on inadequate info. Decision making is spread throughout the org. Important decisions involve input from all levels.