Such universal judgments comprise knowledge of the principle behind a certain phenomenon, which goes beyond the simple familiarity provided by experience. Now art arises when from many notions gained by experience one universal judgement about a class of objects is produced. With a view to action experience seems in no respect inferior to art, and men of experience succeed even better than those who have theory without experience. A theoretical understanding of principle does not often serve the aims of practical action as much as simple familiarity gained by experience. The term had a broader meaning for Aristotle than its modern meaning, that is, an object or event that produces an effect.
Wisdom is knowledge of first causes.
The amateur healer may know the principle that whiskey applied to an aching tooth can ease pain, but not know why, the reason for, this. The physician understands the higher principle that alchohol interferes with the function of pain nerves, but not know why it does this. A physiologist understands the higher principles that explain how alcohol interferes with nerve function. Wisdom, for Aristotle, is knowledge of these higher principles, thus the physiologist has more wisdom than the amateur healer. Note that higher principles are more general in application than the lower principles.