Turnips and rutabagas are short-season root brassicas that provide roots, stem and leaf growth for rotational grazing or strip grazing 70 to 90 days after seeding. The leaves can be grazed from mid- September until January depending upon critical low temperatures and snow cover. Top growth generally will survive temperatures between 15-20 degrees F, while bulbs will be about 5 degrees hardier. All Top produce relatively more top dry matter than roots. 90- 120 days after establishment.
Plants develop a reddish tinge when ready for harvest.
Rangi, Windall, Dwarf Essex, Winfred and Emerald varieties have performed satisfactorily in Penn State University trials. Leave a ten-inch stubble to facilitate rapid regrowth. Rape can be planted as late as August 1, but with lowered potential yield if planted late. This allows grazing of the leaves and stems by rotational or strip grazing into December and January most years. Marrow Stem, Maris Kestral and Premier kale varieties have performed well in trials at Penn State.