In recent times, villages were reasonably self-sustaining, around 1960s. The Swedish government has tried to correct with vigourous action. Economic correction hasn't supplemented other social aspects. Had sharp increase in population with steel. Since 1970s, decline, houses on market.
Village school is threatened, municipality wants to take one grade away, and bus.
Post office, banking and health have also been threatened and shrunk. Village enlisted university help, formed a parents pressure group, and got into the newspaper. Starting applying Beer's Viable Systems Model, which is incorporated into the multi-modal systems model. The essence of the economic model is management. Qualitative research methods about how villagers perceived the future and the present.