They are moderately toxic and do not create serious health problems for workers. Chlorophenoxy compounds may produce acute and chronic intoxications. Irritative and allergic effects and the development of porphyria cutanea tarda are typical of this group of compounds. The gastrointestinal system and the central and peripheral nervous systems may also be affected. Peripheral neuropathy with paresthesia and reversible paralysis is reported.
Myotic effects result from muscle damage and atrophy.
Other systems and organs are also affected, such as the liver, cardiovascular system, thyroid gland and hemopoietic system. The use of arsenicals herbicides in agriculture has increased but the use of arsenicals insecticides has decreased greatly following the introduction of DDT and later poisons. Arsenicals may be absorbed by inhalation, ingestion and percutaneous absorption following prolonged contact. Arsenite salts are more soluble in water and are better absorbed than arsenic trioxide. The majority of the DMSA and DSMA are supplied in combination with other herbicides such as 2,4-D sodium salt monohydrate and diuron.