Abstract We discuss some theoretical and practical aspects of real-time granulation of sampled sounds, such as windowing, grain overlap, synchronicity, and control through high level events. Our analysis of the trapezoidal window has shown that it approximates the response of a Gaussian window, with the addition of comb-shaped spectral effects.
Zeros are proportional to the position of the 'corners' of the window.
Windowing, AM effects, grain overlap and their interaction produce complex time-varying spectral profiles. The first issue is directly related to the synthesis engine of the system, that is, how the source sounds are windowed and mixed. The second issue corresponds to the control level of the system, which concerns how the synthesis parameters are generated and how the user performer-composer interacts with them. The complex The interaction among processes in asynchronous GS generates rich sound results with fairly little source material. We have identified four causes for the increased complexity of granulated sound.