LVH and cardiac dilatation also are associated with obesity. Hypertension is three times more common in the obese population. Some studies correlate obesity with lipid abnormalities. Obesity causes an increased incidence of sleep apnea. Obesity is associated with an increased incidence of venous disease, including varicose veins and pulmonary embolism.
Obese individuals have a higher incidence of gall bladder disease.
To be successful, a multifaceted treatment approch is necessary for this multifactorial disease. These facets include proper diet, behavior changes, and increased exercise. Additionally, medications and even surgical interventions have been applied to combat obesity in certain patients. Unsupervised, these diets can be very dangerous, and fatalities due to cardiac-related factors have been associated with them. Jaw wiring and in-hospital supervised starvation also have been used to treat this disease.