We analyzed one tree that was browsed by domestic animals. This obviously shows us that domestic animals are the most important factor affecting N. pumilio forest regeneration. The majority of trees have been grazed and stunted in growth. In the long term this represents a big problem in the regeneration of the N. pumilio forest and since the dieback of this forests is a fact, the regeneration of the forest will be questionable. In the gap Vegetative reproduction predominates.
Seedlings are rare and suppressed.
The age of the gap is between 15 and 18 years years old. Seedlings in the gap are approximately 15 years old. A growth release could be observed in all of the trees surrounding the gap between 1981 and 1983. A 162 year long chronology of Nothofagus pumilio of the upper timber line was constructed. It had sufficient sample depth to adequately cover the last 77 years.