Parole is any meaningful spoken or written utterance. So, we understand the parole by means of the langue. According to Saussure , the linguist's job is to figure out how the langue works. One of Saussure 's most famous followers, Noam Chomsky , has added to the study of language the concepts of competence and performance . That is, we have to think about the grammar, syntax, and vocabulary as we use it.
Performance is the actual utterance of particular sentences.
This is an attempt to search for descriptive rules of language apart from grammar, or languages prescriptive rules . The vowels, in particular, are very different. The cow mooed in the field while eating flowers. Through caverns, measureless to man, Down to a sunless sea. She lingers my desires, Like a stepdame or a dowager Long withering out a young man's revenue.