Now, the relative distances are easily measured. The width of your finger is approximately 2 degrees, depending. The width of your fist is about 20 degrees of arc. You can go from there. The problem with Alt-Az is it changes throughout the night.
Objects rise at low altitude and easterly azimuth and get higher and move westward.
It's constantly changing. There are 24 hours, corresponding to the hours in a day. Declination is measured in degrees, minutes and seconds, just like altitude, but it's extended in positive and negative numbers north and south of the celestial equator, respectively. Now, the advantage of this system, though a little more complex on the surface, is the coordinates of an object stay the same throughout the night, day, year etc. This corresponds to the Vernal Equinox.