The stamens are transformed into sepals. Roots are transformed into leaves. The plant produces more flowers and fewer leaves than normal. List two properties of cancer cells, and for each name a normal cell type that shares this property. Most tumors derive from a single, slightly aberrant cell.
Most tumors are the result of a single mutation.
Some viruses cause cancer by picking up mutated versions of normal cellular genes. Affects on gene expression, actin cytoskeleton, DNA replication, etc. Ultraviolet light can damage DNA, causing mutations in genes in a random fashion, and there are proteins in the cell which normally repair this damage. People suffering from Xeroderma pigmentosum have defects in proteins required for DNA repair and they have an increased rate of developing skin cancer. Explain this in terms of mutations in proto-oncogenes.