Most people going through bereavement cope without treatment, although many benefit from counseling or support groups during this period. Shock and disbelief are often associated with feelings of numbness, confusion, and emptiness. The depression phase usually emerges about 4 to 6 weeks after the loss, when support from family and friends typically decreases and the new reality sets in. This stage often lasts at least a year. After the anniversary of the death or loss, the third phase of resolution usually begins, characterized by acceptance and return of normal moods.
Resolution often takes about a year.
For some people, however, these responses can become distorted to the point that treatment is required. A significantly delayed grief reaction is another possible symptom. The chances of abnormal bereavement increase with low self-esteem, difficulties in prior relationships with parents, multiple previous losses, and lack of family and friends. If the grieving individual was highly dependent on the deceased, the situation is worse. Certain types of death, such as a long terminal illness or an unexpected death, can also complicate matters.