We partitioned the genetic variances into components corresponding to genetic variances and covariances within and between loci. We also analyzed the sampling variance. Both transient and equilibrium results were derived exactly and the results can be used in diverse applications. The first term is due to genic variance, the second due to linkage disequilibrium, and third due to sampling. The genetic variance between populations is a parameter.
Variance arises only among sample estimates due to finite sampling of populations and individuals.