That makes these places highly dangerous for infections since eggs last so long in the environment and are so difficult to kill. Pet raccoons are another way infection can be passed to humans and should be dewormed regularly for safety. Diagnosis of human infection is difficult and often involves the exclusion of other possible causes. Examination biopsys can be effective but only if larvae are present in the area examined. Ocular examinations are often the most effective if OLM are present.
Serological testing is also possible.
Treatment is usually supportive therapy with steroids and antihelminthic drugs.