Describe the 3 steps in the PCR cycle. Describe the basic features of a retrovirus. Describe how human oncogenes were detected and cloned using mouse 3T3 cells transfected with human tumor.
Most mutagens are also carcinogens.
For a certain trait, the concordance rate for MZ twins was the same as the concordance rate for DZ twins. Describe the reasons why retinoblastoma is usually found in only one eye when it is a spontaneous case, but in both eyes when it is an inherited case. One of the two ways that the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene was cloned was using a translocation which had one breakpoint in the DMD gene and the other in the ribosomal RNA genes. Cystic fibrosis is a disease we have studied on several occasions. Describe one mechanism by which a mutant allele can be dominant.