The size and underlying cause of this condition primarily determine the risk of rupture. A thoracic aortic aneurysm is not contagious and poses no risk to others. Mild forms of a thoracic aortic aneurysm, especially in those who cannot tolerate major surgery for health reasons, are treated with heart and blood pressure medications. These individuals are watched closely and sent for surgery only if needed. Surgery is the treatment of choice if the aneurysm is bigger than 5 to 6 centimeters, or roughly 2 inches wide.
Surgery involves replacing the abnormal part of the aorta with an artificial graft.
In some cases, one of the heart valves may also need to be repaired or replaced. The decision to perform surgery partly depends on the underlying cause of the condition. The risks and benefits of surgery should be discussed with the surgeon. Treatment is tailored to the needs of each person. If the aneurysm ruptures, most people die within a few minutes.