Where human ingenuity is not allowed to operate, it doesn't. The poverty of Russia, India, China, Somalia, and Brazil is the result of cultures and governments that do not let people act capitalistically. What the poor countries have is not overpopulation but overgovernance. Overpopulation, if it could exist, has to be relative to something. Yet we can find nothing relative to which there are too many people.
Resources are more abundant and cheaper than ever.
Same for food and habitable land. Human settlements account for less than three percent of the earth's land area, and if the entire world population moved to Texas, each person would have 1,400 square feet. More people are living longer, healthier lives than ever before. Life, of course, is never without problems. Growing population creates short-term difficulties.