The female partner is artificially inseminated with the recovered sperm. An alternative is to draw sperm from your bladder through a catheter. The brief exposure of the sperm to your urine will not affect their potency or result in birth defects. I always ask any man before prostate surgery whether future children will ever be desired, even when a negative answer seems obvious to me. I also mention sperm storage, realizing some men are unsure about their future intentions.
Sperm storage can be a wise precaution.
An interesting example is provided by a patient who recently fathered a child at 44 by artificial insemination. Twelve years earlier, before he even married, he took the precaution of storing sperm before a necessary orchiectomy for testicular cancer. The full story of how prostatitis causes male infertility is still unknown and the subject is a medical controversy. In some men suffering from prostatitis, sperm have been observed with abnormalities such as two heads or two tails or even no tails. With poor motility, sperm can't make it to their goal.