Mean annual temperature ranges from 46 to 57 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation ranges from about 45 to 70 inches. In addition to the competing Reddies , Toxaway and Transylvania series, these are Biltmore , Colvard , Dillard , Hemphill , Iotla , Statler , Kinkora series. Biltmore, Colvard, and Iotla soils have an ochric epipedon and do not have a cambic horizon. Dillard, Hemphill, Kinkora, and Statler soils have argillic horizons and are on low terraces. Reddies soils are on flood plains along small streams.
Toxaway soils are in depressed parts of the flood plains.
Transylvania soils are in the same landscape positions as Rosman soils. Most areas of these soils are subject to occasional to frequent flooding. A few areas are protected by flood control structures and are subject to rare flooding. Most of the acreage is cleared and in cultivation. The chief crops are corn, truck crops, hay, ornamentals, Christmas trees, and pasture grasses.