The proper mix of these five factors is different for each grower. Each grower must evaluate his or her position in each factor and determine how it will affect the size of the operation. Further, other enterprises may be necessary to increase the market that you develop, to reduce risk, or to increase income for family living. The perennial part is in a storage root, which has enough cold hardiness to continue above-ground growth from year to year. This situation makes it necessary to prune or remove the canes that have produced fruit.
Roots develop shoot buds in fall and emerge in spring as floricanes.
Fruit buds form in autumn under low temperatures and short day length. If this is followed by severe cold, plant injury or bud kill may result. Reducing the effects of fluctuating temperatures through cultivar and site selection or use of protective cover may be necessary to achieve consistent yield. Yellow raspberries are similar in hardiness and root system as red raspberries. Most fruit buds for June-bearing cultivars are between 1.5 and 4.5 feet from the ground.