Modern philosophy includes the theories of Descartes, Hegel, Bacon, Hume, and Kant. The rise of practical philosophy is advanced by Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Mill, Bentham, Peirce, James, Skinner, Brentano, and Husserl. Alfred N. Whitehead, British mathematician and philosopher, criticized positivistic science. He emphasized that reality is not to be seen in atomistic terms. Feelings and meaningfulness cannot be excluded.
Scientists play a major role in the swelling tide of consciousness.
It would seem that philosophers have worked at cross-purposes with scientists since the establishment of the scientific method. But an examination of the differences between them uncovers an overlap. Philosophers project their thinking beyond the scope of scientific discoveries towards heavenly realities. Scientists are drawn to earthly things inherent in nature and suitable for study by the scientific method. Though they may disdain the connection, many scientists do project themselves beyond scientific materialism and reductionism to abstract level which is beyond the replication of scientific findings.