They need to be trained on European Community law in most countries. So far only the Czech Republic and Hungary have substantially increased their efforts in order to develop an effective labour inspectorates. Bulgaria, Hungary and Estonia should strengthen the application of their directives. Little progress has been made on the whole. Many countries need to make further progress and investments to align with the acquis .
Women face a lower employment rate, a higher rate of unemployment and lower wages.
Structures and participation to the European programmes have been established. Turkey remains a special case because it has to fill the political criteria of Copenhagen. Consequently, important improvements need to be made in all fields, eg in the fields of human rights, labour rights, equality of treatments and strengthening of administrative structures.