The republic's mountains yield coal, antimony, silver, gold, salt, uranium, mercury, tungsten, lead, and zinc. Mineral springs provide the basis for numerous health resorts. Cotton ginning, silk spinning, food processing, winemaking, carpet weaving, metals processing, and the manufacture of textiles, chemicals, fertilizers, and cement are the leading industries. There is some petroleum, and Tajikistan is well provided with hydroelectric resources. Cotton, aluminum, and textiles are exported and fuels, chemicals, and transport equipment are imported.
Trade is primarily with other former Soviet republics.