Radiation causes atoms, the basic building block of the body's cells, to become electrically charged which can be potentially dangerous. Natural background radiation causes only low levels of damage which can be repaired by the body. However, when the body is exposed to unnaturally high levels of radiation it cannot combat the damage caused. The impact on these cells leads to the classic early symptoms of radiation sickness. For instance, damage to the intestine cells stimulates nausea, vomiting and dehydratation.
Radiation penetrates the body and is wholly or partially absorbed by soft and hard tissue.
Radioactive fallout in the form of particulate matter can be swallowed or breathed in. There are many symptoms of radiation sickness, and their severity varies greatly depending on the dosage. Anti-nausea drugs and painkillers can be used to relieve symptoms of radiation sickness. Antibiotics may also be needed to fight off secondary infection. Blood transfusions may be necessary for patients suffering from anaemia.