In Illinois, populations of Hine's emerald dragonfly seem to be rare and localized. Much of the known remaining habitat has been reduced due to industrialization and urbanization. Pressures of urbanization also have contributed to development of additional roads, bridges, and golf courses. Contamination of surface and ground water from industrial sites, as well as petroleum products and road salt could be a major threat to the larval habitat. In Door Co., Wisconsin, populations of Hine's emerald dragonfly appear to be larger, and breeding habitat seems more extensive.
Pesticide use at apple and cherry orchards is a potential threat.
Non-point runoff and groundwater to surface water recharge are possible vehicles for water quality contamination by pesticides. Studies continue to be conducted on Hine's emerald dragonfly population levels in Illinois and Wisconsin. More detailed knowledge of the life history, micro habitat of the larva, food habits, and genetics will be of importance in conserving this species. An understanding of the genetics of this species is important for discerning the relationships of widely separated populations and re-establishing populations at historic sites. Surveys will continue to be conducted for Hine's emerald dragonfly in other areas suspected to have suitable breeding habitat.