Calculate the total energy after minus m940 to get the energy of the incoming projectile. Calculate the mass of incoming projectile the usual way by looking at the first term of the square root of the squared quaternion. The mass of the incoming projectile is 588 MeV. Initialization functions There are a few tools required to solve problems in special relativity using quaternions to characterize events in spacetime. The most basic are a round value for c and gamma. Define a function for quaternions using its matrix representation.
Redshifts have a plus instead of the minus.