Students know the position of an object can be described by locating it in relation to another object or to the background. Students know there is variation among individuals of one kind within a population. Make predictions based on observed patterns and not random guessing. Write or draw descriptions of a sequence of steps, events, and observations. Follow oral instructions for a scientific investigation.
Students know sunlight can be blocked to create shadows.
Repeat observations to improve accuracy and know that the results of similar scientific investigations seldom turn out exactly the same because of differences in the things being investigated, methods being used, or uncertainty in the observation. Use numerical data in describing and comparing objects, events, and measurements. Predict the outcome of a simple investigation and compare the result with the prediction. Collect data in an investigation and analyze those data to develop a logical conclusion. Conduct multiple trials to test a prediction and draw conclusions about the relationships between predictions and results.