Fibromuscular dysplasia is a congenital disorder involving thickening of the arterial wall and is a cause of renal artery stenosis in younger adults, particularly women 20 to 40 years old. Renal artery stenosis may cause chronic renal failure . The prevention is to avoid smoking . There are usually no symptoms. A radionuclide cystogram may indicate a decreased blood flow.
Renal arteriography shows the exact location of the stenosed area.
The second kidney may take over filtering and urine production for the body if the stenosis results in failure of that kidney. Surgical repair of the stenosed area may be possible. Antihypertensive medications may be needed to control high blood pressure . Renal artery stenosis may cause eventual failure of the kidney if it progressively blocks the artery. This may result in chronic renal failure if there is only one functional kidney or if both renal arteries are affected.