Invasive disease in children 3 months to 3 years is generally caused by H. influenzae type B, including epiglottitis in children 2 to 4 years. Hemophilus b polysaccharide vaccine recommended for children 12 months or older. AIDS related pulmonary disease. Relative pulmonary surfactant deficiency leads to pulmonary edema and respiratory failure. Chronic lung disease in infants, generally follows HMD and its treatment, including oxygen and mechanical ventilation.
Prognosis is good for mild to moderate disease.
Consider this possibility in a child with recurrent infiltrates confined to one region of lung, or any atypical chronic cough or wheeze. Lateral decubitus chest films or chest fluoroscopy will help with diagnosis. Bronchoscopy in OR to remove foreign body is required. Spread by respiratory transmission and close contact. The incubation is 2 to 5 days.