Tubal Obstruction is a condition where the fallopian tubes become blocked as a result of scarring due to pelvic infection, appendicitis, peritonitis or previous abdominal surgery. Endometriosis is a condition in which endometrial tissue implants and spreads to sites outside the uterus. Unexplained Female Infertility is defined as a failure to conceive after one year of trying even though the cycle is normal, semen is normal, laparoscopic findings are normal and there is normal sperm-mucus penetration. This condition can be caused by primary testicular failure from a surgical or congenital obstruction, previous vasectomy, or certain drug treatments. Oligospermia , or reduced number of spermatozoa, is a major cause of male infertility.
Some common causes are as a result of hormonal problems, obstruction or drug treatments.
Asthenospermia is a condition that can occur even in normal semen where more than 50 percent of the total sperm are unable to move spontaneously after incubation for one hour. Teratospermia is a condition where more than 40 percent of total sperm have an abnormal shape. This condition is caused by the release of antibodies, which are a reaction of the immune system, to sperm that comes into contact with blood. The result is that the antibodies kill or disable the sperm. Varicocele is a dilated group of blood vessels in the scrotum, more commonly on the left side.