The approach stresses correct identification and automaticity of response. Holistically oriented approaches include philosophies and practices frequently associated with terms such as whole language, integrated language arts , and literature-based curriculum . Although virtually all holistically oriented teaching includes to some extent such elements as greater emphasis on writing and its relationship to reading, greater use of trade books, increased attention to the integration of the language arts, and greater reliance on informal classroom assessment, teachers vary in their implementation of and adherence to various philosophies. My experience suggests that these differences are much less apparent in the classroom than they are in the debate. Although the matter of emphasis is important, it is unlikely that you will find classrooms that reflect polar ends of an instructional continuum.
Most controversies have points of agreement.
Educators on both sides of the phonics debate agree that, ultimately, reading and writing for meaning is paramount. Both sides are keenly aware of the importance of good literature in the lives of children and the need for responsive adults who support children's natural inclinations toward making sense with print. Needless to say, both sides recognize the importance of the alphabetic code in learning to read and write. Today's educators are seeking to provide a comprehensive and balanced instructional program that is engaging and rich with meaning, yet grounded in curricular expectations that are visible to teachers, parents, and students. Instructional techniques that help children understand and use the alphabetic code should be applied hand in hand with those that guide students in reading comprehension and thoughtful response to literature and the effective use of the writing process.