Hatred is sorrow with the accompanying idea of an external cause. Hope is a joy not constant, arising from the idea of something future or past about the issue of which we sometimes doubt. Fear is a sorrow not constant, arising from the idea of something future or past about the issue of which we sometimes doubt. Confidence is a joy arising from the idea of a past or future object from which cause for doubting is removed. Despair is sorrow arising from the idea of a past or future object from which cause for doubting is removed.
Remorse is sorrow with the accompanying idea of something past which, unhoped for, has happened.
Favor is love toward those who have benefited others. Indignation is hatred toward those who have injured others. Overestimation consists of thinking too highly of another person in consequence of our love for him. Contempt consists in thinking too little of another person in consequence of our hatred for him. Envy is hatred in so far as it affects a man so that he is sad at the good fortune of another person and is glad when any evil happens to him.