Most people appreciate the visual splendor of the natural world.
For example, the distance between ponderosa pines in a pure stand is proportional to the trees' size. Mathematician Mark Lewis uses equations to describe how wolf and coyote packs set boundaries. Photo courtesy of Danny La, The Salt Lake Tribune. University of Utah mathematician Mark Lewis has found another natural mathematical pattern. He developed a set of equations to describe the way wolf and coyote packs establish territorial boundaries by scenting the ground with urine and moving away from scent marks of other packs.