Exposed areas like noses, ears and cheeks are most vulnerable and can succumb more easily than you would imagine. Extremities like fingers and toes are also at increased risk. Because frostbite comes on gradually, it's important to recognize early symptoms and get out of the cold as soon as possible. The first stage of frostbite is known as frostnip and is characterized by bright red skin and maybe a feeling of pins and needles. Treatment is simple and includes warm, moist heat like warm water or blowing warm breath on the area.
Superficial frostbite involves freezing of the upper layers of the skin and tissue.
Your skin may feel waxy, frozen, numb and may blister. Again, moist, warm heat is important. Begin with tepid water and remember not to rub the area. Pat dry and apply cream or ointment to keep the area well moistened. Also, do not use dry heat sources like blow dryers.