Even where legal reform has been undertaken, women often continue to suffer from the lack of legal protection for exercising their human rights. Legal mechanisms to monitor gender equality and equity are still weak. Violence against women . Women continue to face intolerable levels of violence at all stages of their life cycle, and in both their private and public lives. Feminization of poverty has increased new forms of violence, such as trafficking and forced prostitution.
Women are also the major victims of wars and civil conflict.
Women in leadership, and policy and decision-making levels . Women's participation in the labour market . Regardless of their occupations, women with the same qualifications normally earn less than men for work of equal value. Their disproportionately higher share of social and family responsibilities impacts negatively on their opportunities for training and promotion. Vulnerable groups .