As the magnetic field outside the sample is increased, vortices enter the sample from the left edge of the frame. The vortices follow interstitial paths which move around regions with flux lines that are strongly pinned at defects. The weaker pinning in this sample produces a different manner of vortex transport. Vortices enter the sample from the bottom of the figure. The sample contains a single twin boundary which acts as an easy-flow channel for flux motion.
Vortices escape from the twin boundary, producing the flame pattern.
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