Stem cells are isolated and allowed to multiply in culture. Cells are treated with a modified virus containing a therapeutic gene. The virus is taken up by individual cells and the therapeutic gene goes into the cell's nucleus. Treated cells respond to injury signals from degenerating muscle or other tissues and migrate out of the bloodstream. Treated cells patch damage and build healthy tissue.
Nature seems to be providing fix-all building blocks.
Scientists just need to learn more about the basic biology of stem cells so that we can switch their activation into high gear. If we can learn to harness the potential of stem cells, the applications are endless. Already researchers are talking about converting stem cells to insulin-producing cells for transplant into the pancreases of people with diabetes. Others speculate that whole organs might one day be cultured in the lab from a person's own stem cells to make immuno-compatible replacement parts. Others talk of injecting stem cells into the blood or spinal fluid and allowing them to make their own way in the body to repair distributed tissues like muscle and nerve.