Such a concept had already been used successfully to understand the exponential disk distribution of stars in galaxies. The central black hole is fed from the inner boundary of an accretion disk that produces stars everywhere. Galaxies merge, and every merger heats the disk, turning the stellar disk into a component of the spheroidal stellar population. We start this consideration with stellar mass black holes. There is no free parameter in the system, and we naturally obtain a ratio of a few hundred between the spheroidal stellar mass and the central black hole, as observed.
Most galaxies harbor a quiescent black hole, a black hole that presently accretes little.
However, during its repeated activity cycles, each of these black holes has a compact accretion disk, that also produces a powerful jet parallel to its symmetry axis. This jet shoots magnetic fields and energetic particles into space. Summing over all growth episodes of black holes in the centers of galaxies can readily put very much energy into intergalactic space. This energy is commensurate with the energy contained in the baryonic accretion flow towards the cosmological sheets. Allowing for this energy input increases the density of the universe required to produce the large scale structures observed, pushing Omega somewhat closer to unity.