Air Travel International agreements between the USA and Australian governments ban all smoking on flights between the two countries. There are absolutely no smoking flights between the USA and Australia. As far as I can determine, flights from Japan to Australia are not subject to government agreements regarding smoking. Smoking policy in these flights is determined by the airlines concerned. Smoking is totally banned on all domestic air travel within Australia.
Smoking is banned within all airport terminals within Australia.
Ground Transportation Smoking is banned on all urban and suburban trains, buses and trams. Smoking is banned in taxi cabs. There are generally smoking areas in restaurants, while most bars, nightclubs and pubs allow smoking throughout. In general it is best to assume that if you are a smoker then you will need to ascertain that you can smoke in any given area. There are two major airlines operating within Australia - Qantas and Ansett.