In very cold climates they may become deciduous in the winter. Very slow to expand. No pest or disease problems. Hardy in zones 3 to 9. Spreading growth habit but slow to expand.
New growth is covered with white scales which change to brown when leaf matures.
Foliage is light green changing to very deep green. Evergreen fern which prefers partial shade to shade. Can be planted in sun but needs constant moist. Does best in well drained soil rich in organic material and high in acid. Benefits from monthly feeding during growing season.