For more on buckthorn, see the July-August 1998 Volunteer. Exotic honeysuckles have been used as ornamentals for decades. Birds carry their seeds from formal landscapes to natural habitats, including grasslands, marshes, and woodlands. Once established, often with European buckthorn, honeysuckle can dominate the understory of woodlands. Remove early invaders or they will soon dominate.
Planting is discouraged.
Garlic-mustard spreads and dominates the ground flora in forests, replacing native woodland plants. Seedlings of this biennial herb germinate in early spring and by midsummer form a cluster or rosette of three or four leaves. In the spring of its second year, it flowers, sets seed, then dies. Floodwaters, wildlife, people's footwear, and off-road vehicles carry seeds to new sites. It is also invading maple-basswood forests in Chippewa National Forest.