While most pregnancies are perfectly normal, problems can occur. Because of this, it is important to undergo testing at certain times during the pregnancy. Some tests require only simple blood work. For example, Toxoplasmosis is a parasite infection, which can cause birth defects as well. It is transmitted through cat droppings and raw meat.
Treatment can prevent transmission to the fetus.
Hepatitis B can be transmitted to the baby and can cause severe illness. Treatment can be started at birth to prevent the baby from developing hepatitis. HIV can also be transmitted through the placenta. Medication can be given during pregnancy to help prevent this as well. Testing your blood type is important for this and future pregnancies.