Changes in this area are internally-oriented and can affect both functional and numerical flexibility. Industrial relations practices . These are any changes that alter the processes between labour and management. While there is often overlap between these areas, the strategies or practices adopted as part of the change process vary greatly from organization to organization. As such, there can be no one size fits all approach to innovation.
Most organizational innovations are in response to changes in the organization s environment.
Firm characteristics . In addition, intangible traits such as history and culture can also play a part. Strategic choices . Organizational change is not simply determined by the environment, but rather, it is also largely affected by the choices made by both labour and management concerning work organization, human resource management, and industrial relations. Workplace change .