Conversely, there will be more dry spells in regions where average rainfall decreases. Australian scientists use special ocean profiling equipment such as this probe, which provide highly detailed ocean observations use to model changes in climate. We may also see more intense tropical cyclones, leading to an increase in the number of severe oceanic storm surges in the north. Sea level is likely to rise at a rate of between 0.8 and eight centimeters per decade, reaching nine to 88 centimeters above the 1990 level by the year 2100. Evaporation will increase over most of the country.
Natural systems have little opportunity to adapt to climate change.
Higher temperatures and lower rainfall will be a threat. Climate change and sea level rise will add to the vulnerability of many of Australia's wetlands. Higher carbon dioxide concentrations will increase plant productivity and the efficiency with which plants use water. A moderate rise in temperature will increase plant growth in temperate areas but may reduce it in the north. Warmer conditions will reduce frost damage to many crops.